RICE vs, BEANS.
P.
‘Tuar an antagonistic spirit exists in man is fully
eyident—that a similar spirit exists in vegetables
is not so generally known, and yet, believing it
does exist, we shall offer in evidence the following:
* No country was ever settled by a people laboring
under severer deprivations and difficulties than
New England. The determination to succeed, alone
carried them through the labor of making the des-
ert to “blossom as the rose.” The hardships
endured by them were romantic and thrilling be-
yond description. Thrown upon a rugged, uncul-
tivated soil they were forced to be frugal in dress
and diet, Among the vegetables found at their
board we note one, chief in excellence and first in
importance as o nutritious, healthful food. Grown
upon their own soil by their own labor, and, withal,
being exceedingly palatable, it is no marvel that
this vegetable should become the patron diet of the
hardy Puritans, It was not to gorge the appetite
with the enervyating products secured by commerce
that they risked all in one throw for a home in the
rugged forests of the West. The wilderness is no
place for the gratification of an epicurean palate—
at least it is not when men have the making of a
nation and a government before them. To confess
the truth, it must be admitted that the fare of the
New Englanders was seldom that to tempt the
appetite. It was rather promotive of sound heads,
strong nerves, and sinewy arms for labor and de-
fence, Hence, because first in yalue— prominent
among the gifts of Ceres—we record Beans.
This product entered very largely into the diet of
the early settlers, and was prepared in several dif-
ferent ways—prominent among which was bean-
soup—more commonly known as bean-porridge,
“ Best when nine days old.”
To this invaluable aid, we attribute the manly
virtues, and strict morals, so long characteristic of
the New Englanders, At the period of which we
speak, this leguminous yegetable was so exten-
Sively cultivated and was so fully promotive of the
Success and progress of the people as to deserve
being called the Era of Beans—or the age when the
Yankees were emphatically above the reproach of
“not knowing beans!” The boys and girls of this
period were hardy and vigorous, and could tell
“which side their bread was buttered” and “how
they came by it.” Their wants, engendered by
such a regime, were neither fictitious nor difficult
to satisfy, while the strength imparted is evidenced
in the changes produced by their labor in not only
the Eastern States, but New York, Ohio, and the
West.
Their homely diet begat no burning desires for
the expensive or showy in dress, and frequently
the genuine home-spun arrayed the strong limbs,
and set off the charms of the generous, hearty and
happy “(young folks.” Wisdomsmiledupon them,
and the first men of our nation out-grew their
sunny locks within range of the hunger-appeasing,
odoriferous soup kettle,
The War of Independence served in no way to
detract from the value and fame of beans, In fact
they seem to have joined in promoting the cause,
and contributed no inconsiderable items of aid in
times of necessity towards the final result, The
devotees of our hero looked for developments flut-
tering alike to their own labor and abstemious
diet at the close of the war; nor were they dis-
appointed, Cities arose,—commerce increased,—
wealth was sought and flowed in as a reward for
their constant labors. Nor in trade, commerce and
the accumulation of wealth, were they alone suc-
cossful—they maintained their rights in legislative
halls, and commanded not only national respect,
but the respect of all nations; so that the repre-
sentatives of the “bean faction” were the messen-
gers of the government.
But at length, after having enjoyed long and
uninterrupted supremacy over all other yegeta-
bles, a rival enters the hitherto unobstructed path
of ourprogressive hero, Cultivated by a different
race of peoplewho neither possessed the soil upon
which it was grown, or were allowed the product
of their own labor, /?ice was at an early day offered
in exchange for the ingenuity of the partisans of
beans, Every argument which fancy could invent
—and every inducement which reason could offer—
were used in introducing this vegetable upon the
tables of the Spartan followers of our “Hero of
the North.” Its success was not immediate, but it
gained a foothold, andas aluxury, was occasionally
offered upon the same table with our veteran, free-
labor product.
Little fear was entertained in the beginning of
an unfavorable result to our own toil-earned pro-
duct; but for some unexplained cause,—although
rice did not supply the place of beans as food,—the
latter grew into less and less repute, until only
found offered when an occasional day of extra
physical exertion called for increased supplies of
healthful nutriment,
The result of the abandonment of beans has been
fertile in multiplied disasters. The wisdom of
judgment,—the energy of action—the high sim
and unswerving integrity of purpose,—which once
characterized our representatives is no more. Our
parties are broken—our councils distracted—our
efforts feeble and profitless, Rice has gained in
every onset, and if not apparently victorious, man-
ages to recruit its strength in every struggle. Tri-
umph has followed triumph, until we behold the
antagonism of vegetables engaging the attention of
the highest intellects of the civilized world and dis-
tracting and rendering stormy and boisterous the
councils of a great people.
The powers of wisdom, the labors of philosophy,
and the cunning of reason, have all been invoked to
assign the cause of our present position in the
Financial, Commercial and Political world, and
each has been baflled—the real cause remaining
hidden, Our finances are deranged by the gratifi-
cation of imaginary wants—our commerce through
the derangement of our finances; while the cause
of our political troubles is the prolific cause of each
and singular of the sbove—simply this; we no
longer know the patron diet of the north—the
leguminous bean, J
The whole swarming throng of evils which have
come upon us like the murrain, and frogs, and lice
of Egypt, are but afflictions from @ dispensing} Haying and Harvesting.
hand to bring us again® to a knowledge of our
peculiar interests by acquaintance with beans,
Our people have not only forgotten beans infie
outward world—politics, finance, &c—but the b dy
and heart haye become contaminated. Rice, with
its able and efficient supporters in the contest—
Cotton and Tobacco —has introduced many and
grievous habits. And as one vice alone seldom
takes its abode in the human heart, so others follow
in sickening detail, clinging like leeches to the
deluded recruits of our Arch-Adyersary until taken
as bosom companions, thus évidencing that we are
worthy the reproach, as a people, of not knowing
beans.
0! ye deluded sons and daughters of the Puri-
tans! acquire the habits and virtues, and adopt the
manners dress of your successful fathers, that
your liberties may be upheld, your good name
maintained, and your triumphinsured. Think not
to acquire happiness by abandoning the teachings
of your worthy sires for those of to-day, and
remember that, although “the wicked flourish for
a season, their end is death.” Harden not your
hearts like Paaraon of old, but consider present
visitations persuasive enough to direct you into
the way, and ever after in national councils—in
politics, and finance, and morals, cling to the inter-
ests of your own soil inopposition, if it must be, to
all all others, and let no antagonism of vegetables,
or lure of trade, blind you from knowing our true-
born, politic and sagacious counselor—the She-
kinah of our success and liberty—the Leguminous
Bean. W. H. Ganpyer.
Amboy, IL, 1859.
ee
HOW SHOULD HAY BE CURED?
Eps. Rurau:—A farmer in a late number says,
“The process of curing (hay) should, if possible,
be perfected in the cock,” and he seems afraid of
the burning sun. This is a mistake. The true
way is to ‘‘make hay when the sun shines,” I
have owned horses for the past twenty years, and
have never had one get the heaves, I attribute
their exemption to making the hay I have fed
them, by curing in the sun, without cocking.
Grass, with all its juices, particularly clover, will
soon heat and sweat. And hay that has ever been
sweated, let it be in cock or mow, must be dusty.
Tn fact, the hay is partially or wholly destroyed in
proportion to the heating. I admit, in most cli-
mates, (like the English,) there is some excuse for
curing in the cock, but not the least in this cli-
mate. In drying by the sun the grass is cured by
extraneous heat, while cock-cured grass has, by
destructive fermentation, to furnish its own heat,
and it does so at a great loss. Now, if we had
room and leisure to hang up our hay and cure it
in the same manner that tobacco is cured, and as
medical men do their herbs, it would be the best
way, but that, of course, won't pay. Nobody
would think of putting tobacco, or any herbs for
medicinal purposes, when green, in heaps or cocks
to self cure by the heating and destructive process.
Then why persist in curing the food of animals in
that way? Caven Winecar.
Lake Grove, N. Y., 1859,
eo.
Rural Spirit of the Press.
Culture of Potatoes. e
A wnirer in the Prairie Farmer thinks pota-
toes are seriously injured by working when wet
with dew or rain, and relates the following experi-
ment tried last year :— A part of his potato field,
the whole of which was treated alike, and a good
soil, he plowed and hoed once only, in the middle
of the day when the ground was perfectly dry,
leaving them untouched until dug in October. The
vines kept green throughout the season, and the
crop of potatoes wasyery large. The otherportion
of the field was worked three times when the
ground was wet with dew. These blighted early,
gave but half a crop, and that of an inferior quality.
The seed and time of planting were the same,”
Chafing Under the Collar.
Weclip the following from the Boston Journal:
“X gentleman who has tried the plan successfully
for five years, communicates the annexed method
of preventing horses from chafing under the col-
Jar. He says he gets a piece of leather and has
what he terms a false collar made, which is simply
a piece of leather cut in such a shape as to lie,
singly, between the shoulders of the horse and
the collar. This fends off all the friction, as the
collar slips and moves on the leather, and not on
the shoulders of the horse. Chafing is caused by
friction, hence, you see, the thing is entirely plau-
sible. Some persons puts pads or sheep-skins
under the collar; these, they say, do as much hurt
as good, for they augment the heat. A single
piece of leather, like that composing the outside
of a collar, without any liniog or stuffing, he as-
sures us, is better than anything else.”
New Kind of Cattle Food.
Tue English beef breeders are always on the
lookout for cheap and nutritious feed for their
stock. They use up eyerything that they can grow
at home, and import millions of tons of different
kinds of feed to supply the deficiency. More than
100,000 tons ef oil cake are imported annually into
the island, the greater part of which is obtained in
the United States. The London Farmers’ Maga-
sine gives an account of & new species of cattle
food which is beginning to be imported in large
quantities, and used by the farmers, It is called
the “Locust,” or locust beans. It is the fruit of
the locust tree ( Ceratonia Siliqua) which grows in
Spain and South of Europe. Itstates that in Sicily
the quantity gathered amounts to eleven or twelve
thousand tons in a year. They have long been
used as cattle food in Spain, and are even relished
by the inhabitants when fresh and ripe, from the
sweet pulp they contain. According to a careful
analysis these Carole or Locust beans give 65 per
cent. of sugar and gum, and about 25 per cent. of
nutritious vegetable matter-
+-
Agricultural Mis
‘Tre Wratuen —Harinc axp Hanvestixo.
‘Weather of the past week has been most auspicious for
tho labor in which farmers aro generally engaged—
The present week opened
Nery warm, and as we write (Tucaday) the weather is
becoming hot and dry. Considerable grass was cut
last week. The crop is very light, as Previously report-
ed. Many farmers commenced harvesting wheat and
barley ten days ago, and that important labor will be
mostly completed in this region the present week. Both
crops are generally good. Except in limited localities
where it was injured by frost, the wheat crop is remark-
ably fine, Of course comparatively little is grown, but
in proportion to the amount the yield promises to be
most satisfactory. Had as much been sown as of yoro—
of early varieties, at tho right time, and on Proper soil
—Westorn New York would this season producea large
surplus of “ pure Genesee,”
Wuratts Wrstenx New Yorr.—For nearly a decade
past, Westorn New York has scarcely been “counted
in” by those who annually make estimates relative to
the Wheat Crop, its probable yield, &c, The prevalence
ofthe midge for several successive years, discouraged
the great mass of wheat growers, and but little ground
has been occupied latterly by the former staple—though
the success of some in obtaining a good yield last year,
induced many others to “ try again,” and 80W somewhat
liberally last fall. The result, thus far, has been most
fayorable, where the proper conditions were observed
as to varieties, soll, and time of seeding —except in
localities where the Wheat was affected by the severe
Tune frost. Indeed, during the pastten days we have
seen as fine fields of Wheat in this county as were
grown defore the appearance of the midge. Many of
these bid fair to produce from thirty to forty bushels of
first quality Wheat to the acre. Among others, we ex-
amined several flelds of Dayton wheat, the product of
seed brought from Ohlo Inst fall by Capt. R. Fiuwy, of
Le Roy. It isa yery fine variety—a white bald wheat,
with short, stiff straw, and if it acclimates o3 well as the
Mediterranean, will prove invaluable in this region,
Exisua Hanwon, Esq., of Wheatland, has seventy acres
of this variety, which we think will average at least
thirty bushels to the acre. We are aware that “one
swallow does not make a summer—that the present
season has been remarkably favorable for tho growth and
maturity of the wheat plant—yet, from information ob-
tained last season and this, from observation and reliable
cultivators, we are satisfied that the former great staple
of this section of the Union, can still be successfully and
profitably cultivated. We are deyoting time and atten-
tlon tothe subject, and confidently believe that weshall
s00n be able to state how the midge can be headed and
wheat grown abundantly in Western New York.
—Most of the wheat we have seen is of the early
yarieties—such as the Mediterranean, Golden Drop, and
Dayton—yet we hear of some fine flelds of the Soule’s
variety. A great portion of the wheat hereabouts will
be harvested the present week,
Stare Ac, Corunge.—Though we were prevented
from witnessing the laying of the Corner Stone of this
College, on Thursday Jast, one of our Special Contribu-
tors, who was present, gives a brief account of the
proceedings, ns published elsewhere, The occasion
was apparently very pleasant and interesting to all
participants—and we suspect that our friend P. was
then and there more active and oratorical than his
modest report showeth, The origin, progress and ob-
jects of the Institution are fully set forth in the address
of Px-Goy. Kina, a portion or all of which we shall
endeayor to publish in a future number, The affairs of
the College haye not, perhaps, been managed in the
wisest manner, thus fur, yet we trust the Institution
will, ere long, become worthy its name and an honor to
the Empire State, The College edifice is said to be
well advanced—one entire story being complete, and
also portions of the second, The Farm extends from
Seneca Lake to the village of Ovid, a distance of nearly
two miles, and possesses many advantages, in both soil
and location, for the purposes to which it is to be
devoted.
—A correspondent writing us relative to the laying of
the Corner Stone of the State Ag, College, calls atten-
tion to the fact that the Programme of the occasion was
headed “New York State Agricultural Socéety,” and
asks for an explanation—whether it was a misprint, or
an intended (though sudden) intermingling of the two
institutions, We are not advised, and can impart no
light on the subject,
Tue New Excianp Fanwen of last week announces
that Mr. Nourse, who revived the paper in 1849, and
has been its principal proprietor since that period, bas
relinquished a portion of his interest—one-third, to Mr,
Axnert Toman, who has chiefly managed its business
concerns for the past five years, and one-third to Mr
Russert P, Eaton, recently of Augusta, Me., and for
several years editor of the News and Miscellancous
departments of the Maine Farmer. The new partners
are said to be young, enterprising and capable, and will
add strength to a Journal which has long ranked among
the best of its class, Ex-Lieut. Gov. Brown will con-
tinue as the Agricultural Editor, in which position
(with Wa, Symonps, Esq., a8 General Editor,) he has
earned an enviable reputation, and rendered the Farmer
both popular and profitable. The new firm—Messrs,
Novesr, Eaton & Touman—and all concerned in con-
ducting the armer, haye our best wishes,
—A telegram just recelyed, announces that Mr.
Syaonps, General Editor of the VW. 2, Farmer and
author of the popular “ Aimwell Stories,” died of con-
sumption on Friday night last.
Prost tx Juty.—The “ glorious fourth ” opened very
coolly in this region, for we learn that there was a regu-
lar while frost in many localities of Western Now York,
Wo hear of no special damage, however—owing, per-
haps, to the firing of cannon, (though the object was
different from that suggested by our Chaufauque Co.
friend, whose article on “firing cannon to prevent
frost” was noticed two weeks ago.) Letters from Ohio
and Michigan mention frost there also, on the 4th, but
no serious damage is reported.
Tue Unirep States Farm, which is to bo held at
Chicago this year, is the subject of a sharp chapter or
two by our friends of the Prairie Farmer, who evi-
dently don't like national interference with State affairs
—affirming that the “Great National Exhibition” will
prove injarious in lessening the interest and attendance
at the Illinois State Fair.
Ax Endowment in bebalf of Agricultural Education
has been made by P, St. Groner Cocks, Esq., who has
presented to tho Virginia Military Institute $20,000 for
the establishment of an Agricultural Department in that
institution.
CoRkEsPONDENTS are again, advised that all articles
must be accompanied by the real name and residence
of the writers to secure attention, It is not necessary
thatthe names be published, but they must be in our
possession,
sony ie.
;
xep ts as complete a
| County and Town Pairs for
give atthe presont time. We
with additions, month, and
Societies will meantime assist us
necessary data in regard to Fairs
U.S. Ag. Soclety, Chics,
Maryland, Frederick Gig
Tennessee, Nashyille.
Georgia, Atiai
Illinois, Freeport
Todiana, New Albany.
ee Oscaloosa.
’
Hist of National, State,
We aro enabled to
re-publish the Iist,
California ....
Michigan, Detroit.
phates pone
anada West, Kingston .
Ganda Bast? enon
Cayuga, Auburn
Delaware, —-
Erie, Buffalo.
Greene, Cairo.
Jefferson, Watertow:
Livingston, Geneseo
Monroe, Rochester.
Oneida, Rome. .
Onondaga, Syracuse.
Orleans, Albion.
Oswego, Mexico,
Putnam, Carmel,
Queens, —, .
Rensselaer, Lai
Saratoga, —,
iyler, Wat
neca, Waterloo,
Steuben, —,
Westcheste: t]
Wyoming, Warsaw,
Yates, —,
Fayette, Washington ._
Pickaway, Circleville
Ashtabula, Jefferson.
Geauge, Burton
Brown, Georgetown
Jefferson, Steubenville:
Erie, Huron .._..
Marion, Marion
Madison, London...
Portsge, Ravenna _...
Bro¥n, (Ind) Ripley
Clermont, Olive Branch
Delaware, Delaware.
Lake, Painesville
Preble, Eaton -
Lorain, Elyria.
Greene, Xenia... .
Champaigo, Urbana.
Adams, West Union... - Sept, 27-30.
‘Tuscarawas, Canal Dover. Sept, 23-0.
Geauga, (Free) Claridon Sept. 95-30.
Columbiana, New Lisbon.
Tighland, Hillsboro .
Seneca, Tiffin ._.
Fulton, Ottakee
Defiance, Defiance.
Tnion, Marysville
Putnam, Ottawa.
Hancock, Findlay
Logan, Bellefontai
Sandusky, Fremont
Mahoning, Canfield. .
Darke, Greeneville, .
Quyahoga, Cleveland
Clark, Springfleld
Licking, Newark
Noble, Sarabsyille
Stark, Canton. ..._
Morrow, Mt. Gilead
‘pl .
Sept. 29-90,
Oct B- 5,
. 8-6
Harrison, Cadiz... Oct, B- 7.
‘Wyandot. Upper Sandusky. Oct. 5-7.
Wayne, Wooster... Oct. 5-7.
Monroe, Woodsfleid Ock 5 7,
Montgomery, Dayton. Oct. 5-8,
Summit, Akron Oct. 12-14,
Morgan, McConnellsvilie
Orawford, Bucyrus.....
Hardin, Kenton
Carroll, Carrollton.
Oct, 12-14,
‘Oct, 25-27,
MICHIGAN.
Berrien, Niles,............. ,
Jackson, Jackson,
Kent, Grand Rapi
Sanilac, Lexingto
Maury, Colombia... - Sept. 19-24.
Middle Division, Shelbyville, - Sept 26-Oct. 1.
Shelby, Memphis, a Sopt 11-15.
Smith, Rome, Sept, 2-Oc
Sumner, Gallatin, Sept. 26-0
Williamson, Franklin, Oct. 4-7.
INDIANA.
Clay, Center Point, Sept, 23-90,
Fulton, Rochester, Oct. 14-15,
Owen, Spencer, Sept 14-16,
MISSOURI.
Chariton, Keyteville, Sots acs OOK NG-G3
Oct, ——
Sept. 18-16.
Lewis,
North-W
Androscrozgin, —,.
Franklin, Farmington
Kennebeo, Readfield
Lincoln, Union,....
North Franklin, Siron, "Sept. 28-99, ”
Monnoe County Horse Snow—Premiums Awarded,
—Below we give a list of the Premiums awarded at
the recent Horse Show of the Monroe Go. Ag. Socioty :
Obass I.—Honses yor Roap ANp Canrraan. ,
— ars Old—Best, J. Sherwood, Mendon, @15;
08 ee Heckiea beshton, $10. Best? Years Old, Leon-
‘ard Buckland, Brighton, #8; 9d, Howe & Hall, Rochester, $5,
o —Geldings—Best, John Craig, Rochester,
he Gt Honest te Welton Bie Mareecae Mt
Mordufi, Rochester, $25; 24, F, L, Churchill, Rochester, 15,
‘Single Horses—Geldines—Best, F. J. Ayers, Rochester,
990; 9d, E. D, Pierson, Rochester, $10. Mares—Best,
Howland, Mendon, 410, 20, Ashley Colyin, Henrietta, 5,
Cass I1.—Dnart xD Work Horses,
& iona—4 Years Old—Rest, Azor Doty, Sweden, 915;
0d eorOrmstead, Greece, #10, Best 2 Years Old; Collins
Eldridge, Pittsford, 45.
Matched Horsesx—Geldings—Best, G; & O. Crouch, Roch
ester, #90; 20, San
Geldings and Fullies—Gelding, 3 Years Old — Beat, Wm:
Yeo, Highton, $10, Filly—Best, DS, Whilock, Brizhion, 83
Crass JIT.—Horses ror Gesenar Urarry.
Stalllons—4 Years Oll—Best, J. K. Rulenti
ad, M, Jackson, Henrletta, $10.” Hest 8 Years
43. Hest 2 Years Old, William Yates, Cb
Matched Horses—Geldings—Rest. BE. H. Sha
990: 2d, 8, Wiicox. Honeoye Palla, $10, Mare
Upton, Greece, $15; 2d, G. H. Williama, Henrietta.
Single Horses and Ponies—Geldlngs—Dest. F.C
Greece. $15: 2d, GW. Walbridge Rochrster, $11.
Mare. P, Onswel}, Honeoye Falls $10. Vest pe Ponies, Ly-
man Rond, Mendon. 410. Rest Pony, J- SoMannls, Henri.
etta, #3; 20, E. Gould, Brighton, $L
yer fect—Reat, Leon-
At aN remap, Henriats,
D, Hareoun, Oeden, 23?
itest J Years O10, Amos
Mares and Coltx—Mare sith
ard Buckland, Brighton, 183 24,
Sh colt-8. Neare Old. Ret. The
2d, Mathew Quirck, Henrietts. ’
Bnldwlo, Chill, ¢o:'2d. W. H.,Andress, Chill, #0. eat 1
Year Old, G Wheeler, Parma, #45 2! ge "
Chass 1V,—Honses ror STYL® AND SPEED,
Trotting Stations (Sinsie)—Best, N. J. Lamson, Eagle
arbor, 5
- ven to All—Best, Geo, D. Lord,
Pe eg Oa Wi Wvinibridg® Rocheater, #5,
single)—Open to All—Best, Gro, Hosley, Roch-
growing Glofiios Wilson, Rochester, 650;
oer en gingle)—Ooen to horses that have not trotted
+ 2d, Zina Olmsted,
sorrotting | (Soe Oe thoss, Victor, 850
8,
veepsing tn Larness (Single)—Best, Edward Sperry, Hen-
It
fit
‘Bestpair Stallions, driven together in harness,
, bili, 910,
THE CHERRY.
es
For many years, ren from the first settlement of
the country, until the past two or three seasons,
the cherry trees in Western New York have been
entirely free from disease, and bave borne regular
and abandant crops of the finest fruit, Set outin
almost soy yard or garden, without pruning or
care, bruised and broken, at the time of picking,
they have borne all, struggled manfully sgainst the
greatest difficulties, and regularly as the scasop
came round gave a generous crop of delicious
froit, For three years past, however, our cherries
have suffered from unfayorable seasons, until many
bad been led to believe thut their culture must be
absodoned—the trees were injured in the winter,
the fruit poor, wormy, and rotted on the trees be-
fore becoming fully ripe. The present season hus
put to flight all these gloomy forebodings. Never
have we seen the trees more healthful and vigorous,
or such ay abundant crop of sound, beautiful fruit,
and for days, and in some cases, for weeks, have
ripe specimens remained on the trees uninjured,
To-day (July 11th) we saw Larly Purple Guigne
on the tree, the first ripe specimens being gathered
onthe 20th June. This should teach us not to be
too easily discouraged. If our seasons change for
the worse, may we not reasonably believe thut they
will change for the better again? Let us exercise
patience, wait and hope, /mpatience is a worse
enemy to fruit culture than insects or bad seasons,
The Cnenry, although not grown extensively
for market, like the apple, is one of ovr most valu-
able fraits. It ripens during June and July, when
scarcely any other fruit can be had. The /earts
and Ligarreaue are fine for the dessert, and the
Moretios and Dukes excellent for cooking. The
trees grow rapidly and bear eurly, so that no one,
howeyer old, need despair of eating of the fruits
of his own planting. In three and four years
after planting, the Cherry will produce from one to
two bushels, Then it is a beautiful tree, useful for
shade and ornament, as well as the fruit, It is
nicely adapted for small village lots, where there
is only room for a few trees, and in such cases may
well take the place of ornamental trees,
The Cherry bears so early, and is of so gooda
form, that not much attention has been paid to
dwarfing, though in all our best gardens we find a
few dwarf trees. On the grounds of Exuwanoen &
Banry are some beautiful specimens that are now
bearing excellent crops, and the fruit is larger in
many cases than we find iton standardtrees, The
Early Purple Guigne, for instance, was shown by
these gentlemen at the last meeting of the Zpwit
Growers’ Society, as large aa the Black Tartartan
Almost every one declared, at first sight, that they
Were incorrectly named.
The Cherry is divided into three classes, — 1st,
Teaw Bicarneav; 3d, Duke and Morenxo,
Ast, Heart Chervies.—The fruit of this class is
heart-shaped, and the flesh sweet and tender. The
trees are rapid growers, and attain a large size,
Theleaves are large, thin and pendant, The Black
Tartarian and Black Eagle are two of the finest
varieties of this class,
2d, The Bigarreau class comprise some of our
largest and finest sorts, such asthe Fellow Spanish,
The flesh of this class is firm, —in other respects
it is like the /feart Cherries. The growth and
habitof the tree are the same, Indeed, the distinc-
tion, although made, we believe, by most cultivators
and writers on the subject, is not very marked, as
some sorts that are classed with the Hearts, have
quite firm flesh.
8d, Duke and Moretlo—have roundish fruit, very
tender, juicy and acid. It is only this class of
Cherries that are fit for cooking. Indeed, some
Sorts are so sharp that while they are excellent for
this, they are good for nothing else, such as the
Kentish, Morello, and others like them. Other
sorts, like the Mayduke, when fully ripe, are ex-
cellent for the table. The trees of this class have
“slow growth, and nevermake as large trees as the
Heartaond Bigarreaus. The leaves are small, thick
and dark. This class is Very bardy, succeeding
well in almost avy climate and soil, They are the
only kinds that succeed in some Parts of our
country particularly at the South, The Cherry
Succeeds well generally on any good Soil, though a
sandy loam seems most suitable, Trees of the two
first classes should be planted atleast 25 feet apart,
and the third class about 20 feet. We describe a
few varieties—all that at present we can find
room for,
_Bauway's Mar is one of the first cherries to
Nipen in Western New York, and is yery popular,
both n account of its earliness and productiveness,
Tis is of French origin, and was first introduced
into this country, by Col Winper. The fruit is
cS) . 4), heart-shaped. When fully ripe, of a
SP apap cla black. Flesh, dark col-
growers, and attain « tage Boe maine me
pak Ponte Guiexe islarger than the preced-
ig) Tipens about the same time, and better i
quality. It is about medium size, and ofa bl ish
purple color when fully ripe. Both of toe
= et ripen here between the 10th and 20th
Kwromt’s Earty Brack is one of the best black
cherries, and comes in Season Just about the in
the two preceding varieties are gone, general), rine
tween the 20th of June and the Ist of Joly. ‘3
fruitis obtuse, heart-shaped, and somewhat Seregas
Jn outline. Nearly black when Tipe, and
= with a rich, high-flavored juice,
~_o¥enxoR Woop isa tender and delicious c!
raised by Dr. Kinrnann, of std
Catena Ripe
~ the fruit is a little above medium
of a beaatifuy amber color, and of a ee c
00 the sunny sid,
the vr ata th whe fl
-
=
GREAT BIGARREAU
Downa Manta is a very good acid cherry, follow-
ing Zarly Purple Gwigne, and yaluable for pies,
preserving, &c. It is of medium size, flattened at
both ends, light red until matured, when it becomes
dark, It makes but a small tree, in fact, not much
more than a bush.
Great Bicarneav or Mezex, or Monstreus de
Mere) is the largest and finest looking of all the
black cherries, Its appearance is well shown in
our engraving, though wehave seen specimens
larger. It is so large and showy, and the flesh so
firm, that when generally grown it will no doubt
prove one of our best market cherries. The tree
is a strong and irregular grower, more so than any
other variety we are acquainted with. The fruit is
black, larger than Black Tartarian, heart-shaped,
with an uneven surface. It is not high flavored,
but juicy and agreeable. The fruit is produced in
large clusters, Ripe in Rochester about the Ist of
July.
Exuior’s Fayonire is one of Dr. Kinrzanp’s
seedlings, and is a beautiful small cherry, yellow-
ish, mottled and shaded with red—flesh tender and
almost transparent; not high-flavored. The tree
a good bearer, A pretty, fancy fruit, for the ama-
teur.
NOVEY CHERRY.
Hovey isa good, large cherry, and bears immense
crops. The branches this season are fairly covered
with the bright-red, showy fruit, making the tree
a most beautiful object. In appearance it is some-
what like Napoleon Bigarreaw, and about the same
size, though of better quality, The fruit is obtuse,
heart-shaped, with a shallow suture on one side —
which Wwe have
about the ist
el
Skin, fiue rich amber in the shade, mottled with
brilliant red in the sun, often covering the whole
fruit, when exposed. Stem, rather stont, about an
inch and a quarter in length, inserted in a deep,
round cavity. Flesh, pale amber, rather firm, rich
July.
Maypuke.—The Mayduke is an old, a very popu-
lar and a very useful ch Before ripening so
as to be fit for the table, itis excellent for cooking,
and when fully ripe it is one of the richest of the
half-acid cherries. It is, therefore, an excellent
family cherry, and is well adapted by its hardiness
for localities where more tender sorts fail,
Lare Doxe.—Following the Mayduke, is another
excellent duke cherry, the Late Duke. Itis large,
when fally ripe, rich, dark red, Flesh, tender and
juicy, with o sprightly sub-acid flavor; not quite
as Sweet as Mayduke, Ri
about the loth cr Tay, ‘ipens gradually from
time, One of the
very best of the Duke
and juicy. Ripe this season here, from the 10th of
and hangs on the tree a
OK Eace is Perbaps the highest flavored of
OF MEZEL.
all the black cherries. Indeed, it_is so™good that
after eating freely of it, many other good sorts
taste insipid. Ripens early in July, a fewzdays
after the Black Tartarian.
FLORENCE.
Frorence.—Were we to select the brightest and
most beautiful of all cherries, we don’t know but
the Florence would be our choice. Fruit is about
the size of the Hovey, and somewhat similar in
form. Skin, amber, shaded and marbled with a
most lively red, with a tinge of delicate violet that
distinguishes it from all other varieties we are
acquainted with, Flesh is very firm, but very
juicy and sweet. Ripe from the 10th of July to the
1st of August. An excellent sort for market.
Downer’'s Late Rev.— Fruit large, roundish,
slightly mottled, tender, juicy and sweet; an ex-
cellent late cherry. The tree is an erect, beautiful
grower, bears well, and the fruit hangs for a long
time on the tree, Ripe from the middle of July to
the 1st August.
Bicarreav, or Yellow Spanish.—This variety
has been cultivated in America about 60 years. It
retains the popularity it acquired many years since,
and is still one of the largest and finest of the light-
colored, firm-fleshed cherries.
Napongon Bicarreav is firmer in flesh than the
Fellow Spanish, fully as large, and more heart-
shaped. It isof good flavor, and a showy, popular
market cherry, though the flesh is too firm to suit
many,
REINE HORTENSE.
Rete Horrexse.—A French Cherry of the Duke
family, and an excellent variety, the largest of its
class. Fruit, heart-shaped and bright red at mato-
rity. Flesh, tender, juicy, sweet and
shght acid, The tree is a vigorous and handsome
grower of the sort, resembling the Mayduke, and
bears early. “
Buack Tarrarran is perbaps the most popular
of all our black cherries, and may be considered
among the dark-colored cherries,
Spanish is among the light. The tree is a rapid
grower, erect, and makes beautiful tree. Fruit,
large, heart-shaped; skin, glossy, purplish black.
Flesh, purple to black, thick; stone, small; richand
delicious.
Inguivies and Answers.
Disrasev Arrie Teers.—Being a reader of your valu-
ble paper, I wish to inquire, through its columns, what
the canse of young apple trees turning black, a foot
or elghtecn inches from the ground, and afterwards
dying? Our trees are on a loamy soll, well drained.—
Will the Runat readers please give their optpion on the
subject, and the cure, ifany.—C, M., Cicero, Onondaga
Co., N.Y.
5 ees
PLANTING Fonesr'Tezs—I should like to be inform-
ed by some reader of the Runa of the Proper time to
eet out young forest trees, and the varieties which
most likely to live,—W. itn. Peanson, Pitcairn, St.
Law, Co., N. Y., 1859,
Forxsr tres may be transplanted cither in the
spring or the fall, Among the best and most cer-
tain of our native trees, we will name the Sugar
Maple, Soft Maple, Basswood, White Asb, andEim
Otp Steawnpeny PLAnts aNd Rusyens.—Can the
true and genuine Strawberry be obtained by setting off-
sets or divisions of the original or true vines? Are
hose obtained from runners better plants, and more
sure of prodneing fruit identical with the parent seed-
ling? Your views upon this subject will be not only
interesting, but probably profitable to many of your
readers.—Eatr, Buffalo, July, 1859.
Tue fruit will be ie same, whether old plants or
young ones from runners are set out. Young
plants are the best, though we have often set out
old pones rather than wait late in the season for
runners, and with the best results. Theold plants
if watered, or the season is showery, will throw
outrunners, when set early in July, and cover the
ground with young plants before fall,
DrorrinG or Pracnts—Prunino Prans.—I receive
almost daily imquiries for the cause of the rapid drop~
ping off of peaches, (which are now about as large
around asa copper.) I baye noticed that gum issued
from them in several places, and then in a few days
they would drop off. Can you, or some of your sub-
soribers, give the reason, and a preventive, if any,
against it? I don't remember of ever seeing any slml-
Jar disease on peaches here before. My trees are all
very healthy and growing rapidly. Our soil here is
mostly clay. When is the best time to cut back pear
trees to have them form fruit buds for the next year ?—
W.O.R., Granville, Licking Co. 0., 1859.
Corp, wet weather, when the fruit is young,
often causes it to drop. In many of the fallen
specimens you will, no doubt, find a white maggot
near the stone. The only tree we know of bearing
fruit in this section the present season, is losing
much of its fruit from the maggot. Where trees
make a very rank growth of wood without forming
fruit buds, proning in July will check growth and
induce their formation.
tes
FRUIT CULTURE IN MICHIGAN.
Messrs. Eps. :—I notice an inquiry in the Ronan
relating to orcharding in Western Michigan, and
not having seen any reply, I would say that for
three or four years past much attention has been
given to fruit-growing in this section, The im-
mediate Lake shore, or within one or two miles, is
considered better than it is further from the water,
The peach crop very seldom fails bere, and there is
an abundant crop in prospeet this season, near the
Jake, though further inland the crop suffered more
or less from the severe frosts of June.
A dry soil of good quality, well adapted to fruit-
growing, may be found both on openings and
timbered land. Most of the orchards already set
are upon the openings. Some prefer the timbered
land. I think the peach does not do as well in the
Grand River country as it does here. No doubt
the apple will flourish there as well as further
south. I was myself a residentof Macedon, N. Y.,
about nine years; and if my friend there desires
to make any further, or any special inquiries, he
may address me at Millbury, Berrien Co., Mich.,
and I will cheerfully reply. I. J. Hoac.
Wonrrny or EncounaGement.—A somewhat novel
yet benevolent project, for the amelioration of the
condition of the poor orphan girls, is now under
consideration. It is proposed by Mrs. T. W.
Puetrs, of Irving Place, who has generously do-
nated an extensive and suitable plot of ground near
New York for the purpose—to establish a Horticul-
tural School, where young girls may learn such
light and healthful branches of industry as are em-
braced in the growing and canning of all the finer
fruits and vegetables, the care of bothouses, the
breeding of birds, the rearing of fowls, etc. Pros-
perity attend the attempt to teach young Indies
something useful !—Horticulturi:
—————_+e+____
Report or tae Feuit Growens’ Meetina.— Du-
ties as an officer of the Genesee Valley Horticultural
Society, prevented us from attending the July meet-
ing of the Fruit Growers’ Society. For our report
we had to depend upon the kindness of a gentle-
man who is unused to reporting, and this will
account for some inaccuracies of which we have
received complaint. J. J. Tuomas, for instance,
spoke of wild grapes being brought from the
Rocky Mountains, and not strawberries. R. G.
Panvee cultivated the wild strawberries to which
he referred, and which proved inferior in flavor to
most cultivated sorts.
Horricuutonan Exurmirion.—The July show of
the Genesee Valley Horticultural Society will be
held on Friday, July 22d, at Corinthian Hall, in
this city. Cherries, Gooscberries, Carrants, Rasp-
berries, Herbaceous Flowers, and Vegetables, are
included in the premiumlist. TheJuneexhibition
was excellent and was visited by very large num-
bers. We anticipate equal success this month.
; Ens. Rurau:—Perhaps a few hints and sugges-
tions may not come amiss to those housekeepers
who do not yet understand the mysteries of do-
mestic management a} €conomy. The season
for flies—those great pest h
now hastening, and if you w
and annoyed with them, you
and unceasing precautions, which, you will
think so, are not half the trouble the flies will
make you. Flies will “congregate most” where
there is something to tempt them, and 50 leaye
nothing exposed to attract. A good housekeeper
is uniformly neat and methodica!, and usually bas
food away from dust, But now, especially, you
need to be careful, Cover your bread, pies and
cakes, as soon as out of the oven with a thin cloth,
if nothing more. Keep meats of all kinds in a
safe, if you have one, or in something they cannot
get at, Keep covers on your sugar-bowls, and
have your box open as brief a time as possible,
and do not set food on the table, such as bread,
cheese, sauce, cake, &c,, to stand Jong uncovered
before eating, and the moment the table can be
cleared take care of them, and do not leave even
a fragment of sauce or other food lying on a shelf,
or any place. Have a defivite place to cut bread
and cake, keep a knife and cloth there, cover what
you leave, and have a brush handy to brush away
crumbs—it will not consume a moment’s time to
attend toall these littlethings, if youonly have your
mind on your interests, and have orderand method
about you. Go into a pantry in fly-time, and see
a pie or two standing about, a dish of sauce, sugar
uncovered, flour bin open, and shelves scattered
with crumbs, dirty milk-pans, a dish of meat, &c.,
&c., and you may set down the mistress as a
slovenly, untidy housekeeper, whose table will
never be inviting, nor house in order.
We cannot expect to have a pleasant, cheery
home, unless we take a Jittle pains, and to do so it
is not necessary to be too careful, and
ous as to render every one uncomfortabli
be thoughtful, quiet, attentive, doing things in the
right time and place, and doing them well, In
cooking a meal you need not get your shelf, table,
and sink, topsy-turvy with dishes, knives, spoons,
covers, and traps that will take half on hour to
pick up, and get in order to put away; and never
get your hands in dish-water till you have enough
to finish your work, and your dishes, &c., all
snugly picked up avd placed handy, Some girls
and some women, too, begin to wash dishes with
alittle water, the fire just out, and none heating,
and the table but balfcleared, dishes standing all
over the pantry or cupboard, making them twice
the work necessary,
Another important item in hot weather is to get
over your dish-water the moment you have your
meals prepared, and it will heat with the remain-
ing fire, so you need not swelter in a warm kitchen
todo up your work. Unless you can keep your
wits about you, and attend to these trifles, you
must expect a world of vexation, fatigue, and un-
necessary labor. If you would not be a slave to
your own heedlessness, think, see, observe, and
you will be abundantly repaid in your clean, quiet
home and dress, and especially will your husband
bless the luck that gave him a thoughtful, orderly,
tidy, cheerful wife and housekeeper.
A Faruer’s Wire.
Western New York, June, 1859,
COOKING MEAT, CAKES, &,
Breav Caxe—“ Very Niéce.”—Three cups of
dough (very light;) 8 cups of sugar; 1 of butter;
8 eggs; anutmeg; fruit; 1 teaspoonful of pearl-
ash dissolved in alittle hot water. Rub the but-
ter and sugar together, add the eggs and spice,
and mix all thoroughly with the dough. It will
do to bake immediately, but will be beiter to stand
a short time.
A Nice Way to Cook Meat.—Take a couple of
pounds of mutton, cut in small pieces about the
size of a nut, put into a clean iron pot, add half
a dozen good-sized fresh tomatoes, peeled and cut
in pieces. Salt, and, if liked, a tablespoonful or
more of rice, Water enough to cool it, Let it
cook very slowly, and keep it covered. This is a
very nice way to make a stew, and we have used
it constantly during the season of tomatoes.
Buack Caxe.—One pound of flour; $4 of a
pound of butter; 34 pound dark sugar; 1 pint of
milk; 1 teaspoonful pearlash; 4 eggs; 2 glasses
brandy; spice and fruit; 1 pint of molasses. If
wished richer, add another quarter pound of but-
ter, GABRIELLA,
Se
How ro Srancn Couzans.—My wife wishes me
to inquire through the columns of your paper the
best method of starching collars. Thereisa gloss
anda firmness upon them when they come from
the store that differs from the ordinary domestic
way of “doing them up,” and the process by
which this is done is what my wife desires to
know. Any information from four intelligent cor-
respondents will be thankfully received.—J. A.
McCourum, Vetofane, N. ¥-., 1859.
We give the following in response to Mr. Mc-
Coutum’s query. This may prove just what is
needed, meanwhile the wives and danghters of the
land can report their various modes:
Take one ounce of spermaceti and one ounce of
white wax; melt into a thin cake on aplate. A
piece the size of a quarter dollar, added to a quart
of prepared starch, gives a beautiful lustre to the
clothes, and prevents the iron from sticking.
Keerixe Ecos Fersu.—Take fresh egg cover
the shell with grease, and Juy, the small end down,
io jar or tub and covertight. In this Way have
kept them as fresh as when just laid. —Mus, A. V.
M., Buffalo, N. ¥., 1859.
EOL DOS
ASLEEP.
‘Aw hour beforo she spoke of things
‘That memory to the dying brings,
And kissed mo all the while;
‘Then, after some sweet parting words,
She seemed among her flowers and birds,
Until sho fell asleep.
‘Twas summer then, 'tis autumn now,
‘The crimson leaves fall off the bough,
And strew the gravel sweep.
I wander down the garden walk,
And muse on all the happy talk
We had beneath the limes ;
And, resting on the garden seat,
Her old Newfoundland at my feet,
I think of other times;
Of golden eyes, When she and T
Sat watching here the flushing sky,
‘The sunset and the sea—
Or heard the children in the lanes
Following home the harvest waina,
And shouting in their glee,
But when the daylight dies away,
And ships grow dusky in the bay,
These recollections cease ;
And in the stillness of the night
Bright thoughts, that end in droams as bright,
Communicate their poace,
I wake and seo thé morning star,
And bear the breakers on the bar,
‘The voices on the shore—
~ And then, with tears, I long to be
Across a dim, unsounded sea,
‘With her forevermore,
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
THE OLD TRUNK.
We have got one!—and its physiognomy has
grown brown and defaced with age. The brass-
headed nails have become tarnished, but I can
distinctly perceive my father’s initials upon the
top—*H. D.” I write these letters very reverent-
ly, for they are upon his tombstone in our country
graveyard, There is a large padlock attached to
this trunk, which has traveled over land and sea,
but has now arrived at its “haven of rest”—“ the
garret,” If it could tell its own story, I presume
that it would call our attention to the many hard
knooks upon its battered sides, and we should hear
of long nights upon the stormy deep, when
mighty winds lashed the waves into huge drifts
of foam which swept down upon the rocking ship
like an ayalanche from the mountain height. But
T love to look over the contents of this old trunk,
for there are many sacred relics stowed away in
its capacious corners.
“T must burn up some of this rubbish,” said
my sister, one day, when we were trying to reduce
the mass of confusion to something like order.
“No, you shall not! for Time has been busy
here, and I never liked to obliterate his dusty
foot-prints.””
It was ever my delight to pore over old dusty
books, which were printed when literature was in
its infancy. What changes the “age of progress”
has wrought! Our own generation “takes time
by the forelock,” and marches through difficulties
in 4 moment's period which our forefathers were
all their life working to overcome. Here is an
almanac twenty-two years old; 1837 is marked
upon it, and busy fingers turned its pages to find
“the day of the month,” long before 1 was born.
T will look in the glass of history to discover what
important events are reflected upon it from that
year. First I behold “‘a great commercial crisis,
which was brought on by a madness of specula-
tion, when city lots, real or imaginary, were so
bought and sold that fortunes were made in a
day,” Idleness and extravagance stalked through-
out our land, but after this public fever had
Subsided, numberless families were reduced to
hopeless poverty, Upon the 4th of March, 1937,
Mantix Vay Bunew sat down in the Presidential
chair for the first time, and his eyes looked over
a nation that was sunk in pecuniary distress. But
“whom the Lonp loveth He chasteneth.” Our
country has been brought low many times, and as
it sat weeping and bewailing in sackcloth and
ashes, with bowed head and pride humbled, a
great lesson was taken into the hearts of her
children —how soon it was forgotten is testified
by the recent calamities which have befallen them.
We hope for better things now, for Aristocracy
has laid aside her “royal purple,” and condescends
to appear in a “calico dress” at the house of Gon.
But what is this!—my father’s little, time-worn
stirred up and turned into the little heart-shaped
cake-dishes ‘to bake.” T
fashioned days, when we had but one room, which
served for parlor, dining-room and kitchen during
the early settlement of our prosperous Western
country, and the forest trees wrapped their green
arms all oro our home.”
ow-lands
encircle our horizon with a narrow belt.
rations in “the old trunk’ at another time.
Michigan, June, 1859. A.P.D.
Written for Moore's Raral New-Yorker.
WOMAN'S EQUALITY AND “RIGHTS,”
Tuere is much contention in these days with ree |
gard to woman's equality and rights with man,
and men are denounced as “ monsters,” “ tyrants,”
&c., which seems to me somewhat abend of the
truth. True, men baye enacted some laws which
are not favorable to us—abridging our right to
hold property, and this they did thinking women
were incapable, by nature or practice,to manage and
ontrol business, and contend for and preserve their
Sate, And how far wide of the truth did they
get? How many women are there who are fitted,
by nature or education, for accumulating and con-
trolling property. And as forher having theright
of suffrage, if we were to take time and enter in-
to the public arena of strife and corruption, what
becomes of our homes and families? Things are
better as they are. Men are men, and women are
women, and we are no more fitted to fill their po-
sition than they are ours. What half of the wo-
men are hallooing and haranguing about I cannot
imagine—we weak, defenceless pigmies of women!
‘What have ourrace ever done worthy of amonu-
ment? True, we are patient, enduring, gentle, and
hat—but man is great, wonderful! He is,
truly, “‘the noblest work of God!” His genius
reaches to the clouds and spans the universe! He
discovers planets and measures them, and caleu-
lates space and distance—even the lightning comes
and goes at his bidding! His steamships traverse
the boundless seas. Men build our railroads—they
design and erect our temples, our churches, our
buildings, and their art and ingenuity furnish and
adorn them. They invent our machinery, con-
struct our factories, weave our cloth, till the earth
for food, and to their energy, strength and skill
we are indebted, directly or indirectly, for every
convenience or luxury of life—even to the small
items of pins, needles, &c. Our legislators, states-
men, our orators, our editors, sculptors and paint-
ers, are men—with, perhaps, one or two excep-
tions.
And amid all this power and greatness, there
are few who are not noble, generous, gallant, and
considerate of the weak and unfortunate, as our
public institutions for the relief of the distressed
Now, broad mead-
away to distant woods, which
Bat this June afternoon is going down to clasp
hands with the night, and I must finish my explo-
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
e were the good old-| A SILVER LINING TO EVERY CLOUD.
BY MES, MIXNIE WELDON,
sin: by my window gazing outinto the West,
Where the llogering rays of euoset beautifully rest,
A ray of peace steals o'er me, and s joy I cannot tell
Has lighted up the shadows that o'er my spirit fell
an sounds of music gently greet my listening ear
Like the harpings of the angels coming ever near;
And so heavenly in its tones, so divinely sweet,
As ils murmurings and swellings softly blended meet,
‘That tho sorrows of jife’s pathway quickly pass away,
And the flowers of existence fill each coming day,
Life need be no lengthening shadow fitting in our path,
Every night, however dark, a brighter dawning hath,
“Every cloud a silver linging,” every leaf a light,
star,
Hope must send {ts beacon light to guide us from afar,
smile,
Let us win her favor and endear ber to the heart,
Let the thorns that now surround us cvermore depart,
And breathing in a purer air show that we have been
tween,
Wilmington, Del., 1859,
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
LITERATURE.
Lirenatvre is a natural and necessary attendant
on civilization. The wandering savage may pos-
sess his rude songs,—interpreters of the heart,—
and his zvi/d traditions, chronicling the glory of
by-gone ages, but a scientific, esthetic and reli-
gious literature he cannot have, from causes inher-
entinthenatureofthings. Thetrifling productions
named, spring rather from an emotional nature
than from a mind redeemed from its bondage to
matter, developed, strengthened and matured by
ages of intellectual culture. What is there in the
calm, eventless, monotonous character of Savage
life, flowing idly by with scarce an ebb or ripple to
arouse the nobler part of map, to cause the unfold-
ing of the hidden wings, and the steady, resistless
flight onward and upward to those serene, cloud-
abundantly testify. And everywhere we women
are feted, honored, protected and guarded against
insult or danger, and every arrangement made for
our comfort and ease that ingenuity can devise or
expense accomplish. And what do we? We
grumble because we do not receive more attention,
and are not considered of more consequence! We
receive all the benefits we enjoy as our just dues,
and scarcely deign even a polite acknowledgement,
And yet, what have we ever done—or the most of
us—except to wear gracefully, or otherwise, the
splendid and comfortable fabrics their industry
and means have given us, and to eat, or, perchance,
to cook the food furnished for us, and to stay in
and order the sumptuous houses they build for us,
and ride in their carriages, and perhaps take care
of our children, &c., &c.—a multiplicity of multi-
tudinous nothings. What more we have eyer
done, or are likely to do, I haye not discovered,
All honor, say I, to the strong and superior intel-
lect and the toil-hardened hands! Heaven be
praised that the world is not full of women! We
are well enough —perbaps we act our part, and
fill the niche nature intended; but to assert or
assume an equality with man, in strength or in-
tellect, how vain, how futile! Qusrcry.
tee
PLEASURE FOR A CHILD.
Bressep be the hand that prepares a pleasure for
a child, for there is no saying when and where it
may bloom forth. Does not almost everybody
remember some kind-hearted man who showed
him a kindness in the day of his childhood? The
writer of this recollects himself at this moment as
4 barefooted lad, standing at the wooden fence of a
poor little garden in his native village; with long-
ing eyes he gazed on the flowers which were bloom-
ing there quietly in the brightness of a Sunday
morning. ‘The possessor came forth from his little
cottage; he was a wood-cutter by trade, and spent
the whole week at work in the woods. Hehadcome
into the garden to gather flowers to stick into his
coat when he went to church. He saw the boy,
hymn-book! It has black morocco covers, and
the leaves are yellow with age. The lines look
blurred, too, but perhaps it is my eyes, for the
tears are brimming over them, and my hands
shake so I can hardly read the first verse of this
hymn:
“On Jordan’s stormy banks I stand,
And cast a wistful eye
‘To Canaan's fair and happy land
Where my possessions lic.”
Ican almost see the gray head keeping time,
While my father sang this in his own old-fashioned
way. But there was melody in his voice, and a
Prophetic light in his eyes, for they seemed to be-
hold the possessions he has gone toclaim. Ab!
will his beloved companion and children join him
there? He wont down to the “dark valley” great-
ly comforted, for the Angels sang to him,
“ Come away, come away, to thy rest in the sky,
‘The tear, the last tear, wipe away from thine eye;
‘Tho wife of thy bosom, thy children ao dear,
Bid adleu! tll in heaven they aiy shall appear.”
Here is “The Family Guider printed 1938
“comprising many useful directions for cookery,
pastry and confectionery,” from the bes author.
tes, it says. Well, I can testify that they were
extraordinary recipes, for my memory can tell
about a tin oven in which many delicacies were
“one to a beautiful brown,” after this cook-book
§ bad been duly consulted, and various condiments
and breaking off the most beautiful of his carna-
tions, which was streaked with red and white, he
gave ittohim, Neither the giver nor the receiver
spoke a word, and with bounding steps the boy
ran home; and now, here at a distance from that
home, after so many events of so many years, the
fecling of gratitude which agitated the breast of
that boy expresses itself on paper. The carnation
has long since withered, but it now blooms afresh,
— Douglas Jerrold,
oe
Beavry is always a charm. It may be a cheat,
The fruit which follows the flower gives character
to the tree. A sweet, gentle heart crimsoning with
its modest blush the face of beauty, is that finer
touch which God impressed upon human nature,
when he took a rib from tho side of Adam and of it
made woman.
——_+e+—___
Hap I a careful and pleasant companion that
should show me my angry face in a glass, I should
not at all take itill. Some are wont to have a look-
ing-glass held to them while they wash, though to
little purpose; but to behold a man’s self so unnatu-
rally disguised and disordered, will conduce not a
little to the impeachment of anger—Plutarch.
_ OO
San it iswhen fate kindles the funeral pile of
hope that Remorse should bring the torch.—Jean
Paul Bedford.
less regions where tlie Day-Spring has its place?
The daring adventures of the chase,—the simple
tales of passion,—the exciting incidents pertaining
to ‘the wager of battle,” —form the staple of the
legends that the dark-eyed Arab maiden listens to
in the quiet tent at the close of day.
There is no more interesting study than the pro-
gress of literature from these offsprings of nature
and impulse to the chastened and carefully pruned
productions of brain and soul—it is “first the
blade, then the ear, then the full corn in the ear.”
It is said that the discovery of the use of iron was
the first step from barbarism to civilization, and
this is true in a certain sense. Iron is the lever
which moves the mechanical world. But there is
something of infinitely more importance than
anything which merely elevates the physical
condition. The invention of letters, or hiero-
glyphic symbols of whatever kind, has done more
for the advancement of society than any mechani-
calart orsciencecoulddo. Thethinking mindalone
is competent to guidethe working hand. It is said
that in Scotland they. could compose elegant Latin
verses before they couldmakeawheelbarrow. The
characters traced by the hand of Capaus, were the
germ of all the noble inventions which have since
blessed the world so abundantly; and if ever man
is able to pierce the veil that separates the known
from the unfathomable,
“To tread unhurt the sea’s dim lighted halls,
To chase day’s chariot to the horizon walls,”
it will be traceable to the same general cause.
When thonght has been awakened, and a way
found to express it, it grows and matures most
gloriously, and no human hand can arrest its pro-
gress.
The preservation of the memory of the noblest
achievements that have shed lustre over the annals
of mankind, is due alone to the embalming power
of literature. All the chivalrous daring of the
high-souled patriot,—the exalted calmness of the
martyr dying for conscience-sake,—the lofty hero-
ism of absorbing loye,—would be forgotten and the
example be lost to future generations were it not
for this preserving power. The vast monuments
ofartin Egypt, designed to commemorate those who
erected them, have been powerless to effect that
purpose, while the intellectual monument reared
‘Where its arrows swifily speeding: uke burnished
gold,
And rest them in the billows which the snowy clouds
unfold;
If the woes that thicken round us do not dim our sight,
And if we would catch the radiance of each glimmering
Friendship’s Iaurels may entwine us, and her genial
Beaming ’neath a crown of roses, sorrow must beguile;
Where the lights are ever gleaming shadows in be-
fo.
conquests, the victory over self; not only how to
use this life, but also so to employ it as to gaina
better,—not alone how to tread this earth, but also
how to ascend into heaven, Literature is but the
handmaid of religion, and the nation who converts
her into the mistress, is sure to reap the reward of
such folly, It is the violation of a most sacred
law. A celebrated divine remarks that literature
has a much feebler hold in America than is gene-
rally imagined, and would die out were it not for
religion.” It is well that it ia so, Far distant be
the day when religion is driven from our happy
land; but if that day ever comes, literature will g0,
too; for Gon bas joined them together, and man may
not put them asunder, L, B. Wetn.
Cohocton, Steuben Co., N. ¥., 1859.
ee
THE PRINTER.
Tue printer is the Adjutant of Thought, and this
explains the mystery of the wonderful word that
can kindle a hope as no song can— that can warm
8 heart as no hope—that word “ we,” with a hand-
in-band warmth in it, for the Author and the Prin-
ter are Engineers together. Engineers indeed!—
When the little Corsican bombarded Cadiz at the
distance of five miles, it was deemed the very
triumph of engineering, But what is that paltry
range to this, whereby they bombard ages yet to
be?
There at the ‘‘case” he stands and marshals in-
to line the forces armed for truth, clothed in im-
mortality and English, And what can be nobler
than the equipment of a thought in sterling Sax-
on—Saxon with the ring of spear on shield there-
in, and that commissioning it when we are dead,
to move gradually on to “the latest syllable of re-
cordedtime.” This is to win a victory from death,
for this has no dying in it.
The printer is called a laborer, and the office he
performs, toil. Oh, it is Nor work, but a sublime
rite he is performing, when he thus “ sights” the
engine that is to fling a worded truth in grander
curve than missile ere before described —fling it
into the bosom of nn age unborn, He throws off
his coat indeed; we but wonder, the rather, thathe
does not put his shoes from off his feet, for the place
whereon he stands is holy ground.
A little song was uttered somewhere, long ago—
it wandered through the twilight feebler than a
star—it died upon the ear. But the printer takes
it up where it was lying there in the silence like a
wounded bird, and he equips it anew with wings,
and he sends it forth from the Ark that had pre-
served it, and it flies on into the future with the
olive branch of peace; and around the world with
melody, like the dawning of a Spring morning.
How the type have built up the broken arches in
the bridge of time. How they render the brave
utterances beyond the Pilgrims, audible and elo-
quent —hardly fettering the free spirit but moy-
ing —not a word nor asyllable lost in the whirl of
the world—moying in connected paragraph and
period, down the lengthening line of years.
Some men find poetry, but they do not look for
it as men do for nuggets of gold; they see it in
Nature's own handwriting, that so few know how
to read, and they render it into English. Such are
the poems for a twilight hour and a nook in the
heart; we may lie under the trees when we read
them, and watch the gloaming, and see tho faces
in the clouds, in the pauses; we may read them
when the winter coals are glowing, and the volume
may slip from the forgetful hand, and still, like
evening bells, the melodious thoughts will ring
on.—B. F. Taylor.
es
THE BEST SEWING MACHINES,
Tue following, from Punch, contains an admirable
description of an old-fashioned but invaluable
sewing machine :
“The very best sewing machine a man can have,
isawife. It is one that requires but a kind word
to set it in motion, rarely gets out of repair, makes
but little noise, will go uninterruptedly for hours,
without the slightest trimming or the smallest
personal supervision being necessary. It will
make shirts, darn stockings, sew on buttons, mark
pocket handkerchiefs, cut out pinafores, and man-
by the genius of Boswett, will convey the fame of
the Ursa Major of English literature to untold my-
triads. The nations destitute of a written language
and a literature, have utterly perished, and their
very names are forgotten on the earth; but
were Greece and Italy stricken out of existence to-
morrow, they would still live, to all practical pur-
poses, and possess the same influence over the
thinking of all coming time.
The process of building up 4 national literature
is often discouragingly slow, but it should be
remembered that it is a work destined to last,—not
4 fleeting bubble, bursting as soon as formed,—
The appreciation of literature grows with its growth
and strengthens with its strength. England was
content to listen for conturies to the simple hymning
of untaught rhymesters before she was prepared
to understand the rare philosophy embedded like
pearls in the Tough bed of SHaksreare’s mind,
— Greece, when first emerging from the shades of
barbarism, (say for example in the heroic age,)
would have derived little instruction from the pure
metaphysics of Prato,—the majestic strains that
Vinoit drew from bis sounding lyre would have
fallen on unheeding ears had they been poured
ufacture children’s frocks out of avy old thing you
may give it; and this it will do behind ygur back
just as well as before your face. In fact, you may
leave the house for days, and it will go on working
just the same, If it does get out of order a little
from being overworked, it mends itself by being
left alone for a short time, after which it returns
to its sewing with greater vigor than ever. Of
course sewing machines vary a great deal. Some
are much quicker than others, It depends, in a
vast measure, upon the particular pattern you
select. If you are fortunate in picking out the
choicest pattern of a wife—one, for instance, that
sings while working, and seems never to beso
happy as when her husband's linen is in hand—the
sewing machine may be pronoanced perfect of its
kind; so much so, that there is no makeshift inthe
world that can possibly replace it, either for love
or money. In short, no gentleman's establish-
ment is complete without one of these sewing
machines in the house!"
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
MOURNING PILGRIMS,
BY SPENCER F. TOOLEY,
Movnsina PILcRms, O, how many
Groans of anguish waft afar;
Night of sorrow, without failing,
Comes on black without a star,
Hopes and prospects now are blasted,
Flower-gems lie ‘long the plain,
Giant onks the storms resisted,
Struggled hard, but all in vain,
Mourning pilgrims, marching slowly
To the quiet church-yard Brave;
Heads bowed on your bosoms lowly,
Whilo upon the airy wave
Music, doleful musio’s wafting
To the closets of your hearts ;
0, what throbs of anguish ever
Does tho tolling bell impart!
Mourning pilgrims, cense your wailing,
Weep not for the dear ones gone;
All earth’s fairest gems are passing,
To their higher, better home.
There no gushing tears are falling—
There no mourning heart is riven—
Life is given everlasting—
There's no ¢olling bell in Heaven,
Marshall, N. Y., 1859,
———_+e- _____
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
THE BIBLE.
An, Holy Book! shall pen like mine
Bear wituess of thy truth divine?
Unworthy worm like me engage
To tell the beauty of thy page?
Father, forgive my feeble pow’rs,
And with it bless departing hours,
Yes, who does not love the Bible?—and who
shall say that itis not divine? Itis a complete
text-book of moral philosophy. It furnishes a
complete index—as it were a chart of the human
mind. The different characters that are brought
to notice in the varied scenes of action, each har-
monizing with the other, in that they act upon
each other, and, combined, produce one grand re-
sult, the revealing of the human heart, intricate
labarynth as itis, full of deep mysteries inexplo-
rable tous. This, we say, is one grand argument
in favor of itsdivinity. For who but He that form-
ed the never-dying soul, could understand its
wants, and direct us in the path of duty?
With what clearness of expression and vivid
coloring is each scene and each transaction brought
before the mind calculated to stir up every emo-
tion of the soul. No book since the world began
has ever equaled it in sublimity of thought, har-
mony of sentiment, concise reasoning and moral
grandeur. Still itis only clothed in plain words
—words which convey a world of meaning, and
come home to the heart with a power that the pro-
ductions of man could never exercise. Yes, our
Savior, in his teachings, spake thus to man. His
were “Words fitly spoken,” like ‘ apples of gold
in pictures of silver.” Ah! few and faint are our
words to tell of its glories. He that loves the Au-
thor of it, loves the book. O! could we all feel
its truth. We are all ready to admit that the
Bible is true, but do we feel it to be true?
Indeed, it is a message of love to a sin-cursed
world, with “healing on its wings.” A message
of love from Gop. Yea, such love as man never
knew; a guide and acomforter, that we may know
His will concerning us. Ob! precious book! Did
we all perfectly obey its teachings, this world
would be a paradise. Then let us read it more
diligently, with a prayerful heart, that we may un-
derstand and obey its precepts. Jane E. H—.
Piffard, N. Y., 1859,
ee
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
“Tr Micat Have Beey.”—'Tis a common ex-
pression, and oft-times lightly spoken, yet how
chillingly it falls upon the heart! Ithasa deep
meaning; its words are eloquent of grief. In
their little sum is contained the history of thou-
sands, What sorrow, what agony, what desola-
tion of heart, hath earth’s vain promise wrought!
Disappointment stalketh abroad as a giant, and
stricken souls are inurmuring everywhere —“It
might have been!”
‘Tis the dirge of fondest hopes, the lament of
thesoul. From the frozen pole to the burning
clime, the Angel of Grief spreads his leaden
wings, and the note of wailing, like the plaintive
cry of the dying swan, goes up from earth's myri-
adsof broken hearts. It hath no pause, no change,
The passing hours repeat its mournful music
through the day, and darkness taketh up the strain
through the night-watches. O! howoften has the
spirit caught the sad refrain, and echoed back
amid its wild complainings, that death-knell of
hope—‘ It might have been.” —BenrHa Mortimer,
Stanardsville, Va., 1859.
—-—_——_
Tat one Sincre Vense.—An old negro in the
West Indies, residing at a considerable distance
from the missionary, but exceedingly desirous of
learning to read the Bible, came to him regularly
for alesson. He made but little progress, and his
teacher, almost disheartened, intimated his fears
that hislabors would be lost, and asked him, “ Had
you not better give it over?” ‘No, massa,” said
he, with great energy, “Me never give it over till
me die;’ and, pointing with his finger to John,
third chapter, and sixteenth verse: “God soloved
the world,” etc., added with touching emphasis;
“Tt is worth all de labor to be able to read dat
one single verse.”
_+0+
A Texper Conscrexce.—It is an inestimable
blessing to have a conscience quick to discern what
ee
Tae culture of social feelings, under the dew
and sunshine of religion, is a duty as well asia
pleasure. f
is sin, and instantly to shun it, as the eyelid closes
itself against » mote.—4dams.
Se ee
A oneat part of mankind employ their first
years in making their last miserable,
;
ip
A
Written for Moore’s Raral New-Yorker.
USEFULNESS— NOTORIETY.
as
Tats is, emphatically, utilitarian age. Never,
perhaps, was there & more general desire in the
hearts of men to perform some service which sball
render them eminently usefal. The rising genera
tion bave cavght the spirit—tbey are esger in
their preparations for usefulness. By them the
useful arts and sciences are being extensively
studied, often to the entire neglect of those ac-
complishments which are sometimes 80 much
prized. We say extensively studied. By this we
mean extent in breadth, not in depth of investiga-
tion, Their researches often include a vast cata-
logue of sciences, and they obtain a superficial
knowledge of some of the general principles of
these, but have no leisure to attend to the dry
detail. “Action,” “labor,” “effort,” seem to be
their watchwords, but the labor is not of that
patient, persevering kind by which the minds of
the great wore formerly built up,—it is rather of
spasmodic, nervous, restless character, more
suited to this age of steam—this busy, bustling
age. Their ardent spirits are impatient of the
restraint and discipline of study. They aro eager
to try their strength on life's great battle-field—
anxious to become actors in life's drama before
the preparatory lessons are well conned. The
stripling feels sure that the poet meant him when
he said
Act, act in the living presont.”
Each seems to be deeply impressed with the
idea that he has a very important mission to per-
form, while be has a very lively sense of the short-
ness and uncertainty of life. He is convinced of
the propriety of the Scripture injunction, “Let
your light shine before men,” and be is resolred to
kindle a blaze which shall fill the world!
Many of our lesser institutions of learning, and
even some of our colleges, have been compelled
to succumb to the spirit of the times. They have
made numerous erasures from their course of
study, by tho wise suggestion of a combined com-
pany of striplings, who would not, for the world,
spend thoir precious time in studying anything
which has not evidently a direct tendency to in-
crease their usefulness! The languages are being
condemned to have a place upon the useless list,
and the “Scientific” is rapidly taking the place of
the “Classical” course of study. There is also a
“Shorter Course” being introduced in some of our
colleges.
The spirited Sophomore or Junior may now
often study to wonderful advantage away from
the college whieh is honored with his connection
while be is engaged in some other useful pursiit,
such as politics, or public speaking. Howcan his
eapacious mind find sufficient exercise within the
narrow limits of the college walls! If his public
spirit will allow him to remain connected with the
institution until the proper time arrives for him
to take the stand on Commencement Day, he is
prepared to make a flaming speech, convincing
his fond mother and doting relatives that he is a
paragon of learning, and they flatter him until he
is fully convinced that he is one of the wonders of
the age!
The unfettered aspirant now takes his place
among those who, by a like course of discipline,
have prepared themselves for active life. He does
not shrink from responsibility, but is most willing
to use bis talents in the service of the public—to
fill an office in which he will surely have need of
all his previously acquired knowledge, discipline,
and mentalacumen, He studies unceasingly the
lives of the great. Not that part of their lives
which relatos to their preparation for service —he
would consider himself dull, not to have got be-
yond this—but the history of their progress after
they have entered the fleld demands his attention.
He there finds an account of many important ac-
tions. He would fain act them over again. He
Joarns that many who have been eminent for their
talents and usefulness have had faults and eccen-
tricities. Ho is willing to imitate even these, if
80 be that he may thereby become more influen-
tial, All this labor, all this effort, to bo useful!
Surely he can hardly fuil to soon be acknowledged
hy all the discerning as o public benefactor in
embryo!
The ladies are not behind the spirit of the age.
They are becoming clamorous that their sphere of
usefulness should be enlarged. They, too, have
strong desire to be public servants. They have
become weary of the beaten track which their
mothers haye trod, and wish to branch out into a
new field, They are not content that “their chil-
dren should rise up and call them blessed.” They
have that greatness (?) of soul which is satisfied
with nothing less than the praise of the whole
community. They would haye their sphere of
action indefinitely enlarged, so that they may
have an opportunity for the exercise of all their
talents. Each is anxious to be a pioncer in this
great reform. “Lot us act like men,” is their
motto. “Let us be warriors in the battle-field of
life,” they say. “Let us enlist in the ranks of
those who engage in the fiercest 5 conflict.
We would willingly ransack earth to find a new
field of action if we might thereby but become
more obpiously useful.
Let us sincerely ask whether those profess
beso much devoted to usefulness A see
truthful !—whether there is no selfish ambition
no restless desire for notoriety mingled therewith?
Whether they are not really secking the advance-
ment of their own personal interests, rather than
that of those for whom they profess to labor?
toriety? We would not suspect all of beit
fluenced by this principle; but is it not al
too prevalent * Hence the vast numbel
who fail to accomplish anything desi
MMA
» indeed, the great influencing motive of
their efforts—that which impels them on with z
such railroad speed — be not an ardent love of no-
pests; the governing principle of their actions is
| wrong, therefore their efforts cannot be blessed.
In their over-anxiety to do something great, —to
become renowned,—they fail to make the needful
preparation for life’s daties. Especially do they
neglect that preparation of heart which is neces-
sary to the accomplishment of any worthy pur-
pose. Did they bave more real benevolence—a
greater desire to act well their part—to do right
regardless of consequences —they would have a
more correct view of things. They would be too
conscientious to offer themselves as candidates for
places of trust, which their common sense tells
them they are not well qualified to fill. They
would be more patient and industrious in their
preparations for active life, and less sanguine in
their expectations of success—therefore, less lia-
ble to undertake what they cannot accomplish,—
Those yirtues which qualify us for home enjoy-
menta would be more prized,—even those accom-
plishments which contribute so much to the ame-
nities of social life, would not be so much ne-
glected.
We would not desire to repress the natural ardor
of youth—we would not dissuade them from wish-
ing to leave their “Footprints on the sands of Time.”
This desire is laudable, and need not be restrain-
ed—itshould only be properly directed. Let them
but seek to become worthy of renown for superior
qualifications of heart and of intellect. Let them
seek to havea heart to prompt them to noble deeds,
and a knowledge to rightly direct them how to ac-
complish their purposes. Let them desire more
to merit renown than to possess it. Let them
strive rather to excel in goodness than in great-
ness. Let them be content with the consciousness
of possessing real merit, being assured that it will
have its reward. And let that lady who bas acted
well her part wherever Providence has placed her
—even though it be in the centre of a large family
circle—feel that she, too, has lefther “ footprints ”
—that her influence will be felt until the end of
time, though her name may never be blazoned
abroad, Surely, this thought will not be unwel-
come to a womanly heart. E. A. Sanprorp.
Walled Lake, Mich., 1859.
———————
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
A CHAPTER ON WORDS.
Worps are the embodiment of thought. They
are the most general, though not the only media
of communication between mind and mind. They
are the pictures and reflections of ideas, The
hidden experience of the soul, the inspiration of
true genius, the products of profound thought,
are all—as soon as they are given birth—crystal-
lized into words, and thus become the common
property of man. From arbitrary marks, words
become living things, all breathing with the life
of the inner spirit, all glowing with the fires of
intellect, all powerful with energetic forces, Puato
and Swaxsreare are by no means dead; their
souls have transmigrated to new bodies—even
the words which compose their works live on our
brary shelves, and we may commune with them
if pleasure.
Nearly five-eighths of the words in the English \
language are of Anglo-Saxon origin; the bulk of
the remainder is derived from the Latin and
Greek, while nearly every written language of
the world has its representatives in our mother
tongue,
Words expressing primary ideas, simple and
natural objects, are genuine Anglo-Saxon, as
“home,” “faith,” “shepherd,” “meadow.” Tho
Greek and Latin element was gradually infused
into the language by the need of law terms, the
opening of scientific fields, and the advance of
literature.
It is proposed to trace the origin and changes
of the signification of words that are of interest
to the readers of the Rurat.
Agricultureis primarily from two Greek words—
but incorporated into English through the Latin
—which still retain their original signification,
viz,, “field” and ‘‘tilling.” Colony is from the
same root as “culture,” and the original word is
often used by Viraiu in the sense of “inhabiting”
or “founding” a State. Culture bas a higher sig-
nification when applied to the mind. By an ap-
propriate figure, we carry up the idea of tilling
the soil to the mind, and make ¢ the field whereon
to plow, sow and reap. From “ager” comes
acre, which, in all languages except English,
means any open plowed field. Hence the beauti-
ful conception of the Germans of calling the
burial place “God's acre.” Its use was first pre-
scribed to a definite portion of land in the time of
Epwarp IIL. The terms “Agriculturist” and
“Farmer” are nearly synonymous in the United
States. In England the agriculturist is one who
merely advances theories of farming, and the
farmer is he who actually holds the plow. Zurm
is a Saxon word, and originally signified “ provi-
sions,” “produce.” Rent being paid in the pro-
ductions of the soil, the word was gradually trans-
ferred from these to the soil itself.
All the ordinary and most common farming
utensils are Saxon words, as “plow,” “rake,”
“spade,” “hoe,” “drag,” “harrow,” “cradle,”
“soythe,” &c, The clementary idea in the word
plow is to “plug,” “thrust,” showing the sim-
plicity of the origin of the word, and the connec-
tion of the meaning with its use. Arable, and the
Latin word for “plow,” have the same root. ar-
row and rake have the same derivative origin.
“Oradle” receives its name from its rocking mo-
tion while in use.
Some words are a small volume of history. In
the early ages, before money was mmaployetl as a
representative value, exchanges were made by
means of cattle and flocks. Sexvivs Toxuius first
issued coin with the image of cattle stamped upon
it. The Latin name for cattle is ‘pecus,” whence
1s derived our term “ pecuniary.”
Marion, Perry Co., Ala., 1859.
—_———-o____-
Asap.
ddlebury, Vermont
eh University, Vermont |
- MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER
NATIONAL TEACHERS’ ASSOCIATION.
Fae
Tue Second Annual Meeting of the Teachers’
Association will be beld in Washington, D. C., on
the Second Weduesday, the 10th of August
commencing at 9 o'clock A. M. At this mi 4
Lectures are expected from the following gentle-
men, viz. Toads Address by the President
Anprew J. Ri , of Cincinnati, Ohio. Lecture
by Elbridge Smith, of New England. Leeture by
J.N. MeJilton, of Maryland. Lecture by James
Love, of Missouri. Lecture by Mr, , of the
South-West. 7
Several Essays and Reports are expected from
gentlemen of different sections of the country. It
is expected that papers embracing the several de-
partments of instruction, from the Primary School
to the College and University, will be presented.
The order of exercises will be announced at the
meeting Measures have been taken to make this
the largest, most interesting and influential Edu-
cational Meeting that has ever been held in the
country. A large number of the most distin-
guished educators, represeuting every department
of instruction, are expected to be present and par-
ticipate in the deliberations of the meeting.
The Local Committee at Washington, the Chair-
man of which is Prof. Z. Richards, is actively
engaged in making preparation for the meeting —
Gratuitous entertainment will be given to ladies,
and a reduction of fare made to such as put up at
the public houses. A reduction of fare has also
been secured on the principal lines of travel. Thus
all who are interested can attend this meeting, and
at small expense.
Further particulars may be had by addressing
the President, A. J. Rickoff, Cincinnati, Ohio;
Z. Richards, Washington, D. C.; D. B. Hagar,
Jamaica Plains, Mass.; C.S. Pennell, St. Louis;
or the Secretary, J. W. Bulkley, Brooklyn, N. Y.
CHA
=
Eta
Pt onncosnen €
GRAND MOUND OF CHOLULA, MEXICO.
Croxva is a decayed town in Mexico, 15 miles
North-West of La Puebla, and inhabited by Indians.
At the time of the Conquest of Mexico, by Conrrez,
it was said by the historians of the Conquest to
contain 20,000 houses, besides an equal number in
the suburbs, and more than 400 towers of temples
could beseeninone view. Thetownwas particalarly
noted for its great pyramid, which was erected by
the ancient Mexicans, and according to the ancient
historians of the Conquest, was 177 feet in beight,
measuring 1,440 fect on each side, ascended from
its base by 120 steps. It was reported us composed
of earth and brick, The Spaniards erected a
chapel on its summit.
Wrisow, in his Vew Mistory of the Conquest of
Mevico, gives the above engraving of this great
mound or pyramid, taken on the spot, and says
that much that is said of CHolula avd of its pyra-
mid, is mere romance; that the town is small and
poor, and exhibits no signs of former greatness;
that the pyramid is amound of earth, covered with
grass and bushes, that there are no steps to be seen,
and no sign of art but the chapel on its summit.
Mr. W. says:
“The striking resemblance of this to the mounds
through the country of our northern tribes, satis-
fied us of their common origin, and that this, like
the others, was but an Indian burying-place, form-
ed by the deposition of earth upon the top of a
sharp, conical hill, as often as fresh bodies were
interred, and this is probably the fact. Its greater
size is doubtless attributable to its situation in the
midst of a most fertile plain, {vega} where from
generation to generation a dense population must
have dwelt, who used this as the common recepta-
cle of their dead. The appearance of that struc-
ture, which Humboldt and other Europeans have
considered a monument of antique art, is readily
explained by opposing facts, familiar only to Ameri-
cans, to the scientific speculations of foreigners!—
But to this one there is now no question—an exca-
vation having been made into the side of the
mound, it revealed that truth which we only sur-
mised.”
————— ae
A Perrecr May.—The man deserving the
name, is one whose thoughts and exertions are for
others, rather than for himself; whose high pur-
pose is adopted on just principles, and never
abandoned while heaven or earth affords means of
accomplishing it. He is one who will neither seek
an indirect advantage by 8 specious word, nortake
an evil path to secure areal good purpose. Such
man were one for whom 8 woman's heart should
beat constant while he breathes, and break when
he dies.— Scott.
—_—_——_+o+ ———_.
Ir is easy in the world to live after the world’s
opinion; it is easy in solitude to live after our own;
but the great man is be who in the midst of the
crowd keeps with perfect sweetness the indepen-
dence of solitude.
Written for Moore's watatia oes,
THE AIR. -
z= =
Tae air is an elastic fuid surrounding the
colors, of heat, and sound. Its pristipal ingredi-
ents are nitrogen, oxygen, and jittle carbon,
So says philosophy, and such a definition we re-
ceive with great satisfaction, under the impression
that we have added greatly to our store of knowl-
edge. But, in reality, we know as little what air
actually és as the little Nautilus that, launching
his boat so trustingly on the waters, commits him-
self to the guidance of the winds. What is oxy-
gen, what is nitrogen and carbon?
But, after all, it is useless to quarrel with this
lanation, so long as there is no better one.
Besides, it is an acknowldged principle in science
that of the essence of matter we know nothing.
If we are so restricted as to know nothing of its
essence, we may tell of its qualities, effects, and
uses. Here is field wide enough for our time and
capacities. -
Air is the great temporizer of the earth. Tho
warm air of the tropics comes to spread beauty
and verdure over the frosty fields of the north,
while the cool northern wind rushes southward.
Constantly, warm and cold currents of air are
rushing past each other, or meeting and mingling
together. As we ascend, cold increases, and we
may conclude that beyond the limits of our atmos
phere, heat is unknown. Air furnishes quite a
proportion of the sustenance on which plants and
animals subsist, so that, in the language of a re-
cent writer, ‘‘we live upon air.” It is so gentle
that when at rest it will not disturb the down on
the breast of a bird, but let it arise in its might
and march through the earth, and nothing can
resist it. Huge rocks are but as pebbles before
it; tall pines and venerable oaks bow themselves,
while the cataract lowers its voice to listen to its
dreadful roar. Reader, you have often listened to
the sighing of the night wind, and the answering
whispers of the multitude of leaves. You have
heard the caroling of birds, and the sweet, low
strains of the Holian harp-like music in the dis-
tance. You have heard the majestic strains of the
organ, when the yolume of sound almost lifted you
from your feet. Perhaps from thousands of human
voices you have heard the song go up,
Praise Gop from whom all blessings flow.”
Then, may be, you have listened to the roll of
old ocean in a storm, when the frantic waves
seemed almost ready to break from the fettering
shore. What has been the agent in all this?
Nothing but the vibrations of the air. Unseen,
unfelt when at rest, let but its particles move
among each other, and the effects are astounding.
If, in the natural world, the most spiritual es-
sences are the mightiest, may we notexpect that it
will be the same inthe world of mind? Yes, The
most hidden powers of the mind, those which
remain the longest unrecognized are the most
powerful. The thought, too, is exceedingly pain-
ful, that so much mental strength is hidden and
unappropriated. In a still day let a fire be kin-
dled upon a common, and from all directions the
wind will rush to meet it. So let the fires of
earnest zeal be kindled in the soul, and the la-
tent powers of that soul will make themselves
known.
Condensed air is greatly increased in power,
and is capable of sustaining life much longer
than that of the common density. Reader, is
therenotadensity of mind, too? Some are capa-
able of sustaining great thoughts, and endur-
ing long continued action. With others the
mental atmosphere is exceedingly rare. With
Masuch, light substances in the form of diluted
thoughts are more congenial than any other.—
(he air may be condensed by pressure, and by
the disciplining pressure of close thought and
study, the mind may be greatly solidified, Ts it
not a duty to make itso? Let the sensibilities,
the reason, the will, and imagination, each be
trained to its proper function, and balanced by
‘a proper development of each, and the mind will
take care of itself. Minervs Osporn.
Butler, Wis, 1859.
is the medium of light with all olin of
THE AMERICAN IN ROME.
A corresrospent of the Boston Courier gives
the following description of Brother Jonathan at
Rome:
Rome he pronounces a one-horse town, slow,
fearfully dull, and the people a set of rascally beg-
gars. As for Murray, he is a humbug. What
does he mean by going into frenzies about certain
ruins, devoting pages to minute descriptions of
them, when Yankee Doodle finds nothing but a
poverty-stricken fragment of a wall, that, in his
opinion, ought to be pulled down and carted away ?
What splendid building lots might be made out of
Mount Palatine, and what fools the Romans are to
permit that rubbish, called the Palace of the
Cwsars, to occupyit. The Colissium rather stag-
gers our countryman, who is willing to bet that
Barnum could take it down, put it up in America,
and yet make a good thing out of it. “It would
pay well, sir.”
Jonathan rushes through the Vatican in half an
hour. In one statue, in one painting, he sees all;
galleries of art are ever the same to him. St. Pe-
ter’s he regards as a great waste of time and
money ; and as for its immense height, he assures
his valet de place that when the Washington mon-
ument is completed it will beat St. Peter's all to
nothing. He visits the artists’ studios, and can’t
see what satisfaction there can be in a profession
where s0 little money is to be made. Te inquires
the price of marble. Murray says that Rome ca
be done in eight days, but advises no one to make
the attempt. For the one hundredth time Jona-
than calls Murray a humbug, and declares he can
see as much of Rome as he desires in less time
than that, Frequently he does, rushing from one
place to another with a perseverance and determi-
nation that, when applied to business matters in
America, leads to fortune.
———
To be cast down by undeserved censure, or
elated by unmerited compliment, is alike proof of
weakness.
earth, and extending forty-five miles above it. It} |
~.
PRCA Sapeat 5j
eA = Ipk: IS
PLOWING.
Massns. Epttons:—TI noticed in the Rurat of
June 11th, an article addressed to Plow Boys, by
H. K. F., and a similar one in your issue of June
25th by A. C. G., and 98 Tam one of the Bors, I
think I should be entitled to a small space in the
columns of the Rurat. ig
__ There are many valuable suggestions in both arti-
cles, but in one or two points I would beg leave to
differ with them. H. K. F. says youshould have a
“steady, well-trained team,” which, of course, is
preferable, but not always obtainable. He also
says “the lines should pass around the neck.” In
this I think he is mistaken, as a person Cannotcon-
trol or guide a team as well with the lines in that
position, os he could with them around his body.—
O, H. K. F., I would suggest that you hold the
lines firmly in your teeth, as you could guide your
team about as well, and in case they were not
“well-trained,” but were inclined to ran away,
you could let go, and not be in danger of getting
your neck twisted.
In marking out lands, A. C. G. says: —“Set a
stake at one end, and make a mark with your heel
at the other end; set the plow in the mark, place
the lines around your waist, look between the heads
of your horses and get something between you and
the stake, in range with it, as a small stone or
weed, start your team, turning the body to the
right or left to guide them, and be sure to hit
every object of range between you and the stake.”
In all this I agree with him exactly, except the
range, which, instead of “a small stone or weed,”
between him gnd the stake, should be a treo, a
building, or something else far beyond the stako,
the farther the better, as a little variation on the
part of the plowman will be more plainly seen
than if the object was nearer the stake. When
done in this way you need not fear the conse-
quences, as the furrow will be straight if you keep
your range, which is easily done, especially if you
have a “well-trained team.” Tn cases where you
are marking towards a thick woods, or anything
that would obstruct the view beyond, you would
have to follow A. ©. G.’s plan, but it is not as
accurate, and would seldom be necessary.
Aurora, N. Y,, 1859, P. V. Eonzer,
A FEW WORDS ABOUT DOGS.
Mussrs. Eps,:—In the Runa for May 9th, 1857,
there is an article entitled ‘‘ Dogs, a Dissertation,”
which is wortby of a place in every newspaper in
the world. The writer’s opinion of them exactly
coincides with mine, and I, too, wish that there
was not one in existence. They are, as he says,
“a serious and increasing evil.” Besides the
many losses from sheep-killing dogs, there are
many other evils which they are the cause of. It
is dogs, dogs, poas, everywhere, in city and country
—nowhere can we flee away from them. Travel
wherever we will, we are almost sure to be saluted
with the “bow-wow-wow,” of one or two dogs
about every house we pass, and are often in danger
of being bitten by these yelping curs, A person
might reasonably expect that they would be tired
at night after their long labor, and wish to rest
and allow people to sleep, but not even this can be
said in their favor, for when night comes some
one of the miserable pests will imagine he sees or
hears something wrong, and will—after he is sure
that he is in a safe place—at once start his music,
and, other dogs hearing him, also commence, and
in a short time there is a whole band of dog-mu-
sicians playing.
There is, doubtless, occasionally a dog that is of
some benefit to his master, butt afar greater
number that are of no benefit toanyone. I do not
write this to encourage the illtreatment of dogs—
I like to see those who Zeep dogs treat them with
kindness, but I believe it would be better if there
was not one in existence. Perhaps some will
think that this is of little importance to farmers,
and altogether out of place in the Youne Rurat-
ist Department, but it is of as much importance
to them as to others, At all events, I believe the
subject is of sufficient value to have the opinions
of others—for myself, I am willing to do my part
towards waging a war of extermination against
the entire canine race, W. H. H. Peansoy.
Pitcairn, St, Law. Oo, N. ¥., 1859.
Worms ry Bee-Hives.—Will some of your sub-
scribers inform me, through the columns of the
Rorat, the best way of destroying worms in bee-
hives, and oblige a young reader of your valuable
paper.—J. K., Ze Toy, Jan., 185%.
Rewanxs.—The best way we know of is to take
the comb from the hive, and then their track can
be discovered, and they can be dug out with a
pointed knife. How this thing is to be managed,
we may describe hereafter, when we obtain the
necessary engravings. In the meantime any of
our experienced bee-keepers may give their views.
A Quicx Quanter.—A boy worked hard all day
for a quarter of a dollar. With the quarter he
bought apples, and took them to town and sold
them in the street fora dollar. Withthe dollar he
bought a sheep. The sheep brought him a lamb,
and her fleece brought him another dollar, With
the dollar he bought him another sheep. The
next spring he had two sheep, two lambs, and a ©
yearling sheep. The three fleeces he sold for three
dollars, and bought three more sheep, He now
had six, with a fair prospect. He worked where
he found opportunity, for bay, corn, and oats, and
pasturing for his sheep. He took the choicest care
of them and soon had a flock. Their wool enabled
him to buy a pasture fer them, and by the time he
was twenty-one he had a fair start in life, and all
from the quarter earned in one day.
Notiix establishes confidence sooner than
punctuality,
SET AN
LIST OF NEW ADVERTISEMELITS.
Fane
Pratt's Patent Setf-Ventllating Covered an—Arthur,
Durobom & Gllry ssanafacturers of Mowing and Reaping
ors
Machines—B k.& MH; Jackeon: Dio srdson,
Sino’ alma nee
i, Flowers and Farm-
| Pialn aud Pie
i A og and Mowing Machines—B, G,
Tr ane fveriity—Samuel Hanson Cox.
inet full Heliers and Bull Calf—t.. A. Beebe
SPECIAL NOTICES, é
For the Complexion—Joseph Burnett £00,
ROCHESTER, N. Y., JULY 16, 1859,
TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
. 8100
ne copy, 1 year, 4 Robe ti}
500
i ; iba
ixteen cop
‘Twenty _coples,. 200
| ThirtyTwo do. 20 00
And an Extra Copy, free, to every person remitting for @
‘club of six or more coples; and Two free coples for every
lob of Thirty or over, As anew Half Volume commenced
July 2d, Now 15 THe Tite to form Clubs for either Six
Months or a Year, All persons who form new clabs to com-
mence with July, or Introduce the Rorat in Tooalities
where It {s not now taken, will be Wherally remunerated for
thelr time and attentlon.
£97 Back numbers from April or January can still be
fornished, if desired. We will send Specimen Numbers,
Show Billa, &c., to all applicants, and to the addresses of as
many non-subscribers as may be forwarded,
DOMESTIC NEWS.
Matters at Washington. .
Tuere is such information in Washington as
warrants the belief that the recent change of the
British Ministry will not affect the present position
of her Majesty’s representatives abroad, with the
exception perbaps of Lord Cowley at Paris.
One of the conventions concluded by Minister
M’'Lean with the Juarez Government, has been
forwarded hither by him, and others are in a fair
way of consummation, there being no difficulties
about the preliminaries. While the import and
export duties at Vera Cruz have considerably di-
minished in consequence of the unsettled affairs in
the interior, the receipts at the other ports on the
Mexican coast have largely increased.
It is estimated that a reduction of from $200,000
to $300,000 will be effected during the fiscal year
just commenced, by the retrenchments in the ex-
Penses attending the collection of the custom reve-
nue now in progress. These will continue to be
made from time to time, as reliable information on
the subject shall reach the Secretary.
A Washington dispatch to the N. Y. Times says
it is now understood that the Russians wholly re-
pudiate the Perkin’s claim for ammunition con-
tracted for during the Crimean war, as being
entirely without merit or proof.
A dispatch to the Zribunesays an effort is being
made by interested parties, both in Washington
and in New York, to press upon the administration
a treaty with Mexico, stipulating for a perpetual
right of way for the Tehuantepec and other routes
to the Pacific, and a right of a way on the line of
the line of the Rio Grande to the Gulf of California,
for the consideration of $25,000,000.
Among the measures contemplated in our inter-
course with Mexico, is a limited reciprocity treaty.
This, however, will not be proposed during the
pending negotiations on other subjects.
Personal and Political.
Tne Hon. Rufus Choate, who sailed from Boston
in the steamship Europa, on Wednesday week, for
Liverpool, was obliged by illness, to leave the
steamer at Halifax,
Prince Pontatowsst, the sole representative of
the Royal family of ancient Poland, who has
escaped from exile in Siberia, has come to this
country, intending to become a citizen. He isJec-
turing at Portland and Newburyport on Siberia
and Russia, but means to go West for his residence,
Tae Republican State Committee of New York,
metat Albany, on the 6th inst., and resolved to
call a State Convention at Syracuse on the 7th of
September next. The basis of Representation is
to be two delegates from each district,
Tus Maine Republican State Convention, held
at Portland on the 7th inst., nominated Hon, Lott
‘M. Morrell, for Governor. The customary resolu-
~ tions were passed and the Conyention adjourned,
Tne Republicans of Wisconsin will hold a Con-
vention at Madison, the Capitol, on Wednesday,
the 81st day of August next, to nomirate candid-
ates for Governor and other State officers, and to
select delegates to the National Republican Con-
Yention, should the Convention deem it advisable
todo so, Each Assembly district will be entitled
to two delegates,
Tne Republicans of California held a State Con-
vention at Sacramento, on the Ist of June, and
adopted resolutions re-affirming the Republican
Platform of opposition to slavery propagandism ;
also, in favor of a Pacific Railroad, a central mail
route, a homestead bill and Mr, Grow’s land bill,
The following are the State nominations:—Gov-
ernor—Va\and Stanford, of Sucramento. Lieut.
Governor—J, F, Kennedy, of Santa Clara, Judge
i of the Supreme Court—0. L. Shafter, of San Fran-
ate Ta. Supreme Court—S. D, Parker, of
r 5 asurer—Philip P, Caine, 5
Comptrolter I. R. Clarke, of El Dorje ae
intendent of Public Instruction —g, W. Brown, of
Sonora, Sureeyor-General—4. G, Randall” of
Amador, Atorney-Generat—yy. §, Love, of San
Francisco.
Ix one of the counties of Wisconsin, it is said,
there are three candidates for the Logisiature-—J,
M. Root, Democrat; Robt. Hogg, Free Soil: and
T. H. Dye, Whig. So the people can have their
choice,—"* Root, Hogg, or Dye.”
° MOORE'S
News Paragraphs,
A nonse turned loose in the streets of Albany,
recently kicked a litle bo: the head, so that he
died ; whereupon the owner was pronounced guilty
of manslaughter by the coroner’s jury.
Jensnaw Sawiy, a pative of Westmoreland, N.
H, died at hi sidence in West Windsor, Vt.,on
the 23d ult., aged 100 years 8 months and 28 days.
The deceased was a private in Capt, Josiah Fish’s
Company, in Col. Fletcher's Battalion, in the Rey-
olutionsry War.
Yare Cou.roe is said to own ninety acres of
Jond in North Canaan, Ct., which bas grown up to
alders and hardbacks, and is so worthless that the
lessees will not pay two sbillings an acre for it.—
The papers thereabouts suggest that rusticated
students should be sentout to cultivate the wilder..
ness.
Tue Charleston Mercury says that Mr, Antonio
Canale, a well known fruiterer of Charleston, who
recently sent 800 bales of cotton to Genoa by the
Darque Hollander, has been impressed into the
Sardinian army, while in Genoa on business con-
nected with his shipment.
Tne Louisville papers note the death of Victor
I’, Ward, aged 20 years. He was whipped by But-
ler, the school teacher, which whipping was the
first act in the Mutt Ward tragedy in Louisville.
Tae New London Star says that at the present
time there is not a single whaler fitting in that
port, and it is suid that the business is rapidly
declining.
Tr is now proposed in Philadelphia to tax the
Insurance Companies some $10,000 for the water
used in extinguishing fres, The reason for this
is that the city pays $50,000annually to Fire Com-
panies, while all the property belonging to the city
is insured, thus making the Insurance Companies
gainers by this expenditure.
‘Tue Express bag sent by the United States Ex-
press Agent at St. Louis for New York, in the
balloon Atlantic, was picked up on thie 4th inst.,
on the lake, six miles west of Oswego, It contain-
ed over forty letters to New York correspondents,
among which is a draft of $1,000 on a bank.
Ir has just been discovered that a young man
sent a year sgo to State Prison for ten years, for
shooting a private watchman, is innocent, one of
the really guilty parties having confessed their
crime, The wounded man swore to his identity,
and collateral evidence pointed to him as the crim-
inal, and in spite of his assertions of innocence, he
was convicted.
Recrvirina in the U.S. army, which was stop-
ped rome months ago, in consequence of the ranks
being full, as was given out at the time, has been
revived to a limited extent, for the purpose of fill-
ing vacancies which are constantly occurring,
especially in the Infantry service.
From Uran.—Later advices from Salt Lake state
that Judge Cradlebaugh, who had just returned
from his Circuit, had issued during his tour nearly
100 warrants against persons engaged in the Moun-
tain Meadow massacre, and various other murders.
The Judge says that for eight miles along his
route, before reaching Santa Clara, he found
human skeletons on almost every camping ground,
He also shys that eighty white men were concerned
in the massacre of Mountain Meadow.
Merrernicn’s Deatn.—The London News felic-
itously says :—‘ Metternich was the fanatic of the
status quo whom Paul Louis Courier beheld in a
vision on the morning of the creatioa of the world,
crying out in indignation an alarm, ‘ Mon Diews
conserrons le chaos,’ Political life and liberty, na-
tional independence, the dignity of man as man,
were chaos tohim. Darkness was his ‘order,’ and
when the darkness broke, he had the wit to die,”
Apnivat oF THE Oventann Mart.—The overland
mail arrived at St. Louis on the 5th inst., with
California dates to the 13th ult. Business at San
Francisco continued dull, and most of the leading
staples had declined. Money was scarce, but the
next shipment of treasure to the eastward would
belarge. The accounts from the mines continue
favorable. Advices from Oregon state that the
Legislature had adjourned withoutelecting aU, 8,
Senator. Advices from Frazer River mines con-
tinue unfavorable. Crowds of emigrants were re-
turning to California, and many others were set-
tling in Oregon and Washington Territories,
Tue Late Kipwavrixo Case.—The trial of Low,
Jennings, Mitchell, and Davis, for kidnapping, was
commenced in Cleveland, Ohio, on the 6rh inst.—
At the instance of their counsel an arrangement
was made by which nolle proseguis were entered
in their cases, and those of the Oberlin rescuers
who awaited trial, and the prisoners on both sides
were discharged.
Tue Japan Minister.—The following is an ex-
tract from a letter written by an officer of the U.
S. steamship Mississippi :—‘Simoda, Japan, April
5th,—The Japanese Minister declines going to the
United States until next February. We expect to
have to wait for him, as cabins have been built for
him upon our deck, and our ship detuiled to take
him to the States. We shall, at all events, spend
the summer montbs in these waters. We will sail
for Nagasaki in twoortbree days, Letters for our
ship will reach us if sent to Hong Kong as hereto-
fore.”
Tue Pixe's Peak Gorn Sronies.—Adyices re-
ceived at Leaveoworth, July 2d, state that the news
from Pike's Penk is still encouraging. A letter
from Horace Greely says there is gold in paying
quantities. Someciaims were yielding $600 aday.
A hundred dollars per day for each sluice, was con-
sidered a fair average. New and rich discoveries
were being made every day, and it was calculated
that 500 slvices would be in operation by next
August. Large prospecting parties were being
orgapized for an extended exploration of the
mountain districts. Business wasrevivingin Den-
ver City.
We have again flattering accounts from Pike's
Peak, but the statement of Mr. McCoy to the
St. Joseph’s Gazeée is more reliable. He says
that the mines on the Gregory road are profitable,
and will support 5,000 people, while there are 25,-
000 or 80,000 people there who are unable to earn
alivelihood,
% .
RURAL NEW-
FOREIGN NEWS.
From the Seat of War.—A Great Battle.
Iy our last issue it was stated that Napoleon was
concentrating his forces for the purpose of attack-
ing the Austrians, and that a decisive battle would
soon be fought. The steamers Vigo and Adelaide
arrived at St, Johns on the 3d inst., and the Hun-
garian at Farther Point on the Sth, and we learn
that the Austrians re-crossed the Mincio and at-
tacked the Allies (with the expectation of beating
them before the arrival of reinforcements,) but
were obliged to abandon their positions and with-
draw. Napoleon telegraphed to the Empress as
follows:
“Cayntana, June 24, 11:30 4. x.
A Great Battle—A Great Victory. The whole
Austrian army formed a line of battle extending
five leagues in length, We bave taken ull the ene-
my’s positions, many caonoo, flags and prisoners.
The battle lasted from 4 in the morning tll 8 in
the evening.”
“Jone 25, 1:30 p. x,
Itis impossible as yet to obtain the details of
ace The enemy withdrew last night. I
ave pussed the night in a room occupied in the
morning by the Emperor of Austria. Gen, Niel
has beea appointed a Marshal of France,”
“Cayntana, June 26, 11:30 a. x.
The Austrians, who bad crossed the Mincio for
the purpose of attacking us with their whole body,
have been obliged to abandon their positions, and
witldruw to the left bunk of theriver, They have
blown up the bridge of Goita. The loss of the ene-
my is very copsiderable, but ours is much less.
We have taken 30 cannon, more than 7,000 iOn-
ers, and 8 flags, Gen. Neil and his corps Palas
have covered themselves with glory, as well as the
whole army. Tbe Surdinian army inflicted great
loss on the enemy, after baying contended with
great fury against superior forces.”
The following is the order of the day, publish-
ed by the Emperor Napoleon, after the battle of
Salferino:
“Cavriana, June 25.
Sotprenrs:—The enemy, who believed themselves
able to repulse us from the Chiese, have re-crossed
the Mincio. You bave wortbily defended the hon-
or of France; Salferino surpassed the recollection
of Lovato and Castiglione. In twelve hours you
have repulsed the efforts of 150,000 men, Your
enthusiasm did not rest there. The numerous ar-
tillery of the enemy occupied formidable positions
for over three leagues, which you carried. Your
country thanks you for your courage and perse-
verance, and laments the fallen. We have taken
three flags, 30 cannon and 7,000 prisoners. The
Sardiniaos fought with the same valor against
superior forces, and worthy 1s that army who
marched beside you, Blood has not been shed in
vain for the glory of France and the happiness
of the people.”
The following is the Austrian official account of
the battle:
“Venona, June 25.
Day before yesterday our right wing occupied
Pozzolenga, Salferino and Cavriana, and the left
wing pressed forward as far as Guidizzolo and
Cioffredo, but were driyen Wack by theenemy. A
collision took place between the two entire armies,
at 10 yesterday. Our left, under Gen. Winpen ad-
vanced as far as Chiese. In the afternoon there
was a concentrated assault on the heroically de-
fended town of Salferino. Our right wing repuls-
ed the Piedmontese, but on the other hand the
order of our center could not be restored, and our
losses ore extraordinarily heavy. The develop-
ment of powerful masses in the evening against
our left wing, and tKe advance of his main body
against Volta, cansed our retreat, which began
late in the evening,”
Austrian correspondence contains the following:
“Day before yesterday the Austrian army crossed
the Mincio at four points, and yesterday came up-
on the superior force of the enemy in the Chiese.
After an obstinate combat of twelve hours our
army withdrew across the Mincio. Our head-
quarters are at Villa Franca.”
The London Times says the Austrians haye most
candidly admitted their defeat, and that history
scarcely records a bulletin in which such a disas-
ter is more explicitly avowed.
The Paris Presse says that private messages from
Berne are spoken of, which put down the Austrian
loss at the enormous nunther of 35,000 horse du
combat, 15,000 made prisoners, together with 14
flags and 75 pieces of cannon.
It is inferred from the telegraphs that the French
army suffered so severely, that two days after the
battle it was still unable to resume the offensive.—
There were vague rumors of 10,000 to 12,000 French
troops killed and wounded.
Official Austrian correspondence of the 27th of
June, contains the following:—The Emperor of
Austria will soon return to Vienna, on account of
important business. The Commander-in-Chief of
the army, which is preparing battle, is Gen. Hess.
Forty thousand men were embarking in Algeria
for the Adriatic, and at Paris news was expected
of the occupation of Venice by the French.
A dispatch from Stiennel says that the attack of
the French on Venice and Tagliamento, about 45
miles northeast of Venice, was expected to take
place on the 28th of June.
The Austrian reserves, numbering 175,000 men,
were on their way to Italy. They are considered
the flower of the Austrian army. Not a man of
them has served less than eight years.
Great Berrarn.— Lord Palmerston, in his ad-
dress to his constituents, expresses the hope that
the Ministry he has formed will prove satisfactory
to the country. He says it will be one of the great
objects of the Government to preserve for their
country the blessings of peace, and to take an ad-
vantage of any favorable opportunity that may
present itself, to exert the moral influence of Great
Britain to assist in restoring peace to Europe, In
regard to the reformation, Lord P. simply says,
that he trusts his Government may be able so to
deal with the subjects as to strengthen the institu-
tions of the country, by placing them on a broader
and firmer foundation.
The elections for Members of Parliament to fill
the seats vacated by those who have accepted office
in the new Ministry, were generally resulting in
the return of the Government candidates. Mr,
Gladstone, however, was being close pressed for
Oxford University by the Marquis Chodas.
An alarming and destructive fire took place at
Cork on Thursday night, the 23d. Loss not stated,
Fraxce.—It was announced in Paris on Friday,
that a comps @armee of 40,000 men, mainly fiom
African regiments, js expeoted shortly in the Adri-
atic sea,
The advices from Frankfort-on-the-Maine state
that on the 25th of June Prussia made a proposal
YORKER. _
to the Federal Diet to place
on the Rhine, to be the 7th
d@armee, under the superior orders of Bavaria.
The proposal was referred to the military com-
mittee.
The Paris Siecle and Journal des Debats ridicule
the idea of German mediation on the basis which
Tumor has placed in circulation.
It was reported that the Emperor of Austria
would soon have an interview with the Prince
Regent of Prussia.
The Nord publishes the following, dated Berlin,
June 21st:—At a military conference held yester-
day, it was resolved that the Guards shall remain
at Berlin and Pottsdum, and six regiments of cay-
alry and infantry sball be cantoned in the province
of Brandonburg. Three corps d’armee will take
Up positions between the lower and central Rhine,
Two other corps @armee will be stationed npon
the upper Rhine and the riyer Maine. One of the
corps will proceed to its destination through Sile-
sia, Saxony and Bavaria, The departure of troops
will take place about the first of July.
The Journal des Debats asserts that the Bavarian
Government has refused to allow Prussian troops
to pass through its territory, until the Prussian
Cabinet shall have answered the series of ques-
tions as to the meaning and purpose of the reso-
lutions it has taken, - =i: Te
The naval expedition, possessing immens¢ means
of destruction, is on its way to Venice, One bun-
dred and twenty flat-bottcm boats, keeled with
iron and filled with cannon, are, it is said, to
ascend the Adige and the Po. If Venice falls, the
fleet may land a corps d'armee on the Adige, and
take the Austrians in the rear, while the land army
attacks them in front,
Prossra.— The official Preussische Zeitung of
Wednesday, says the French and Sardinian army
is moving near the frontiers of Germany. The
Prussian Government regards the security of
Germany as intrusted to its care. The Italian
conflict is assuming even increasing dimensions.
England and Russia are arming on the greatest
scale, Tbe Prussian Government would be faith-
less to its duty and to the sense of the nation if
she should neglect to act commensurably with
that spirit by which Prussia has become great.
Prussia is free from every engagement. She obeys
only those obligations which spring from the in-
most nature of her State interests, It will soon
be seen whether Prussia’s initiative will be sup-
ported with the necessary weight by the German
States. Prussia’s policy stands firm, and whoever
lays obstacles in its way may consider that he is
rendering service to the enemies of his fatherland,
Turxey.—Adyices from Constantinople say that
Said Pacha had been summoned to send his con-
tingent to Rommelia, but replied that the indeci-
sive policy of the Porte compromises Egypt, and
that therefore he will send no succor, but will put
his army on a war footing.
Rous.—Advices from Rome say that an attempt
was made to display the tri-colored flag and pro-
claim for the Dictatorship of Victor Pmanuel, but
General Gorgon interfered to prevent. The Pape
has notified his protest against the dismember-
ment of bis States, to powers represented at the
Paris conference. He had also communicated to
the Cardinals a letter of the Emperor Napoleon,
guaranteeing independence.
Cosarercrat — Breadstuffa, — Richardson, Spence &
Co, quote breadstuffs tending downward, ‘Flour was
offered at bigher prices, but sales quite unimportant —
The quotations are 10séd@1gs6d. ‘The prices of wheat
are eusier, but without any decided change. Western
red was quoted at 88@9s10d; Southern white 10s@12s.
All quotations of corn had declined slightly, Mixed
5s10@bsl1d; yellow Sslld@és; white S@S8s6d; and
otbers quote pork dull. Lard heavy, and declined
sligbuly. Provivions.—Messra, Bigland, Althya & Co.
James McHenry & Co., and others quote pork dall.—
Lard héavy, and declined slightly.
Clippings from Foreign Journals,
Tue London papers report that some of the
oldest churches of that metropolis are about to dis-
appear to make room for new warehouses. The
churches in which Tillotson and Burnet preached,
and in which so many people were “converted”
for their own good, are now themselves to be con-
verted into warehouses for the goods of Manchester,
Halifax and Leeds.
Ay earthquake occurred at Erzeroum, the prin-
cipal city of Asiatic Turkey, on the 2d of June, and
1,500 persons are said to have lost their lives. The
city has a population of 50,000.
Onpens have been given for introducing athletic
games and gymnastic exercises in the British army.
The ideais derived from the French, The Zouaves
are trained gymnasts, and are as agile as so many
Ravels. Their exploits in scaling ramparts are al-
most incredible, They climb over each other's
backs, making a ladder of their bodies against a
wall. The exercises are promotive of health, as
well as of efficiency in the hour of action.
Tue correspondent of the London Zimes writes,
“The battle of Magenta was ‘regular slaughter-
house work,’ in the performance of whieh the par-
ties concerned displayed equal skill and resolution.
The retreat was made with such extreme rapidity
that the men, who had no time to prepare their
food, fell to the earth completely exhausted by
beat, hunger and thirst. A medical man who is
with the army, says that the first things required
by the wounded men brought into the hospitals are
‘food and drink.’ This remark confirms me in the
belief that the train was unable to keep pace with
the army,’ The following skort passage from a
letter written at Binasco by a correspondent of one
of the Vienna papers, probably gives a correct idea
of the battle of Magenta:—“ In hardly any battle
was so much blood shed in so shortatime. The
bullets of the French came into our ranks like
hail-stones into a field, and without word or groan
very many of our yaliant fellows fell to rise no
more, You will be able to form a correct idea o}
the way in which the oflicers fought, when you have
been informed that one battalion of the ‘Kaiser’
regiment of the line was brought back by aser-
geant, and another by 4 lieutenant.”
Bririsa Lorp Caancetons.—On the resignatio:
of Lord Chelmsford there will be five ex-Chancel-
lors—viz. :—Lords Lyndhurst, aged 87 ; Brougham,
aged §1; St. Leonards, 78; Cranworth, 69, and
Chelmsford, 65—each receiving a pension of $25,-
000 per annuum, Lord Campbell, the new Lord
Chancellor, is in his 78th year,
eee
corp ‘observation |
Sth Federal corps
SOLY 16.
Che News dcnsty
— Railroad cnterprises are active in Texas,
— They have in Philadelphia, for B novelty, o vege-
rian church.
— Abont seven hundred fmportant batiles are record-
ed im history, y
— A pickerel was canght the other day with asquirrel
in his stomach.
—A man went over Nisgara Falls in a boat, on
Wednesday week.
— Nicholas Longworth, of Cincinnati, paid last year
for taxes $37,510,56.
— Blondin crossed Niogara Falls, blindfolded, on a
tight rope, on the Fourth.
— The Asia brings the news of the appearance of the
cholera at St, Petersburgh.
— Allthe New England States support ono clergy-
man to less than 600 persons.
— The number of dead letters annually returned to
the department is about 2,250,000.
— Rey, Dr. Whipple, of Chicago, has been elected
Bishop of the Diocese of Minnesota.
— Eyght million bottles are annually made at a manu-
factory of bottles at Folembray, France.
— The receipts of the Treasury week before last were
one million two hundred thousand dollars,
— The emigration of free colored people from the
‘United States to Hayti is rapidly increasing.
— Horace Greeley thinks the child is now born that
will see Iiinois a State of ten million people,
— Seventy-three new counterfeits have been putin
circulasion in the United States since June 1.
—A Portugese seaman, name unknown, died on
Wednesday week in New York, from coup de solieL
—A man named Rosseau, living at Chippewa, ts
supposed to have gone over the Niagara Falls Saturday
week,
— The New Hampshire House of Representatives has
825 members —the largest number of any State in the
Union.
— A recent charity concert by Jenny Lind in London
cleared $6,000, She sings, it is said, with all of her old
‘power.
—The boy Mortara has been “confirmed,” with
great display, in the church of San Pietro and Vincula,
Eome.
— For past six months the amount of imports is $52,-
853,460—for the same period in 1857, it was only $45,-
054,464.
— Isabella Thompson, of Washington county, Ohlo,
although not quite six years of age, weighs over 200
pounds.
— Three out of four, says a Mississippi paper, of the
imported Africans, bought by planters in that vicinity,
have died.
— On Friday morning, the 1st day of July, 1859, there
was a white frost at New Boston village and in West
Goffstown, N. H.
— Saturday week Mount Morris, N. ¥., was visited by
a tornado which removed chimnies, battlements, balus-
trades, roofs, &c.
—The imports at New York for the week ending
June 25th, exceed those of the corresponding week in
1858 by $1,792,016.
— A Kansas paper publishes a report that three hun-
dred persons starved to death on the Plains, on the
Smoky Hill route,
— The cotton exported to Great Britain this year is
1,892,000 bales, and to Frauce and other foreign coun-
tries, 917,000 bales.
— The names of no less than 24 individuals are now
prominently before the country as candidates for the
Presidency in 1860,
— There are 330 patients in the California State Luna-
tec Asylum, and the number Increases at the rate of
about one each day,
— Elegant wigs are now manufactured in London
from hemp, which is dyed, greased, and curled to re-
semble the natural hair,
— Twenty lives are reported to have been lost by fire
in the Pinerles that divide Gregory’s and Jackson's dig-
gings, near Denver City.
— Gold has been discovered among the hills of Bos-
ton Co,, Mo,, and the excitement of the nelgnborhood
is up to Pike's Peak pitch.
—The Court of Appeals has unanimously decided
that the Alas & Argus, (Dem.,) and not the Journal,
(Rep.,) is the State Paper,
— The Sullivan Republican says gold hos been found
in small quantities at South Charlestown, N. H., om the
land of Roswell Robertson.
— Among the prisoners in the Schenectady jall is an
old man of 90 years, who is charged with assault with
intent to kill his son-in-law,
— An antomaton chess player is now being exhibited
in N, ¥. city, Itis the form of a solemn old Mussuiman,
and plays a very good game,
— A Philadelpbia real estate owner says there is this
difference between his houses and his tenants, the form-
er settle, while the latter don't.
—F. W. Bond, of Hudson, Wis. claims to have in-
vented a process by which music may be printed by the
act of playing it on the piano!
— Ex-President Pierce expects to return home next
month, recent indications in Mrs. Pierce’s health being
less encouraging than heretofore.
— The Archbishop of Agram has written a pastoral,
in which he describes Victor Emanuel as ‘‘s cock spar-
row presuming to peck at the eagle.”
— The library of Baron Humboldt, left as a legacy to
his body servant, has been purchased fur $4,000, by Mr.
Wright, the Americaa Envoy at Berlin,
— A block of gold, valued at $3,830 has beon received
as the result of one month’s contribution to the Mount
Vernon fand by the ladies of California.
—Jobn Gorrie, M. D,, of Apalachicola, has invented
an apparatus for freezing by steam! The nextstep will
be to Warm ourselves with a snow-bank.
— Friends of the Bible cause in New York are now
making contributions for supplying the armies now tn
f which Is to stand the statue of the statesman.
the fleld in Europe with New Testaments
—The Henry Clay monument at Lexington 's more
than 108 feet high, aud nearly ready for the capital, on
—TThe drinking-fountain movement is «preading.—
‘There is one of the merciful dispensations In Pittsburg,
and they are agitating the subject 1n Baltumore.
—Some women in Kansas are signing petitions to
the new Conyention, asking for equal political rights
with men, on the popular sovercignty principle.
— Rey. J. W. Ricks, of California, has been flned $500
for marrying Miss E- McDonald to Jobo Yale, without
“the consent of ber parents, she being under age,
The Florence correspondent of the Newark Adver-
writes that many of the Amerteans who wintered
ae
CFO, IE,
CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER.
i AGRICULTURAL.
Rural Letters from Europe—No. II.
Mr. Mack's Trotting Stallion “ Norman,’
What About Fodder?
How to Ralee Turkeys.
NN. Y, State Ag. College—Laying of
Rice 4 Beans
How should Hay be Cured? . a
Rural Spirit of Cie Pres,—Oultare of Potatoes;
Chafing Under the Collar; New Kind of Cattle Food... £20
Agrteuttural Mlscellany.=The Weather — Having
and Harvesting; Wheat In Western New York: State
Ag. College; Tus Now Bogladd Parmer; Prost In July;
United States Palr: Agricaftural Education; Agriculta-
ral Palrs for 13%; Monroe County Horse Show—Preml-
ums Awarded .
- HORTICULTURAL.
, Classes, Varieties, Ac.; Bauman's May;
omy: Purple Gulgne; Knight's Early Black: Gover-
nor Wood; Donna Maria; Great Digarreau of Mezel,
[Wosteated s} Elliot's Favorite; Hovey, (Tlustrate
May Doke; Late Duke; Black Eagle; Plorence, [Il-
) Downer's Late Red; Bigarreau, or Yellow
Spanish; Napoleon Blearreau; Reine Hortense, [l-
lustrated:) Black Tartarian :
Diseased Apple Trees
Planting Forest Trees
Old Strawberry Plants and Runners.
Dropping of Peaches
Pruning Pear
Prult Calture fn Michigan
Worthy of Rncouragemen!
Report of the Frult Growers’ Meeting
Horticultural Meeting . on
DOMESTIO ECONOMY,
Hints for Housekeepers; Bread Cake; A Nice Way to
Cook Ment; Black Cake; How to Starch Collars;
Keeping Bes Fresh ..
LADIES’ OLIO.
Jyihe Old Trunk. Woman's Equality
loasure for & Child. i pt)
CHOICE MISCELLANY.
Lining to Every Cloud, (Poetical:] Literatur:
ABS PAaters the ext Sewing Machines, rr
SABBATH MUSINGS.
Mourning Pilgrims,
Have Deen; That One Single Verse; A
wclence Perr
Aston,
retigs
Poetical:) The Bible; It Might
‘Tender Con.
EDUCATIONAL.
Urefalness—Notorlety; A Chapter on Worda; New Eng-
= Oollege Commencement National Teachers’
Asioclation. “a onen) +. BB
USEFUL O10.
Grand Mound of Cholula, Mexico, Mlustrated;) A Pe
fect Man; The Ale; The American in Rome...
YOUNG RURALIST.
Plowing: A Pew Words about Dogs; Won
Hives; A Quick Quarter. . eaeevee
STORY TELLER.
Double Natare, (Poetical =) Rosamond, or the Youthful
Error—A Tale of Riverside ......... 0... cece eae rc
Tne Lowen Sioux Fanwens.—The settlement of
the Lower Sioux Indians of Minnesotais said to be
making great progress in civilization, The agent
reports 4 great many useful improvements as hay-
ing been made since his last yisit to them. A
steam saw-mill bas been fer some time in success-
ful operation, seventeen new houses built, and
timber gotten out for the erection of fifty more
Auring the coming season. The houses are neat,
the fields well fenced and productive, and last year
their surplus crop netted $10,000. The wilder In-
dians around are becoming conyinced of the adyan-
tages to-be derived from the arts of civilization,
and are gradually beginning to unite with the set~
tlement. Tast year ten were added.
Special Notices.
~ Fox tne Coxrrexion.—Of all the Compounds we
bayve yet scon prepared as a cosmetic for the skin, there
isnono that has a higher reputatien, or one that is so
Popular with the ladies, as the far famed Kalliston, It
will, with a few applications, remove tan, freckles, sun-
burn, and all cotancous cruptions, It is extensively
used for these purposes, and Indies who apply it can
exorcise In the open nir as freely as they please, and
expericnoe no inconvenience from rough or irritated
skin. Joseen Bonner & Co. are the proprietors.—
Boston Transcript,
. Marriages.
Ix Prattsbursh, Steud
B.0. sir, Tes ELIS DY Of Yates
.»and Mrs, CAROLINE, WILLIAMS of Cheming Co,
Deaths.
Ix Middleville. Herkimer Co., N, ¥., June 7 :
BEOOA STEVENS, wife of EoilUsd Steven nscd agO
40 for co
hoop Ohlo“-closiag a
00} 4
i dull and decliviog. trifling at 156c
Sonthern; L45e for common white Michigan;
for white Kentucky. Rye dull at 82. Barley quict.
Seeieiney aes ernie aire mar
tern; 8c for y
not lle stad or rand yellow. Oats dull at 45@ ite
for State; 4%a5lc fc anada, -
Provisions Pork quict but frm. Sales at #1518@10.2%
for mens: $16.00 for thin mess; #12,45@12,h2 for prime. Lard
dull; sales at 104@lle; small Jots of cholce at 11c. Bot:
ter dall at I@l3e for Ohio : 196150 for State, Cheese dull
c,
ALBANY, July 11.—Frove—Fair retail demand at un-
cl prices,
Gxats—Wheat is inactive; a small parcel Canada white
sold at 1c. Corn in light supply and firm: sales in store
Mb e for mixed western. Sales State Oats on p. t and
Canada East at 49.
J derate demand and
a tor sour: #4.81@395 for
5@5,00 for ex!
6 for extra Michigan, In-
BUPPALO, July 11.
nes apicndy, Sal
lower. Sales No. 2
77@7%c from store.
OSWEGO, July, 1.—PLom—Steads, with sales at 26,00
from NaerWheai qulet: small sales white Todiana at 14850,
|; no sales of moment,
July 9.—Froor—The flour market remains
test change —dull, inanimate, and the de-
to the local wants of the cliy, Quotations,
‘be regarded as purely nominal, are as follows:
96,25@5,60; fancy, $6,50@5,75; extra, #5,75@7,60,
Family flour, $6,50@7,50 # barrel, for all grades, Lita
od deal ex-
id. pri een current
‘daring the past week,
that of some of whom are
ers,
and who endeavor iy means to keep prices up
whoat 7s 6d was paid
was reall anumber of instances. Ordinary and gt
wheat gold at 63 94@78, while inferior and medium samples
brought from fs to 6s 6d. The average price of the day's
deliveries, =hich amounted to 1,200 bushela, was not higher
than f 10d ® bushel. Spring wheat 6s 6d@6s 9d, and for a
very fine sample 7s ¥ bushel, Barley 3s 9d @as 10d # bushel
ang guered very sparingly, Oats are not very steady at 24
9 shel.
The Cattle Marketa.
YORK, July 6.—The current prices for the week
at all the markets are as follows:
Ber Catrie—Pirst quality, ® cwt.. $1: 11,50: ordina-
ry do, 910,00@10,50; common do, $9,00@9,50; inferior do,
CALyes—First quality, #55,00@65,00; ordinary
1 es LO tao a
Patera Manticore tio
; 3 Anfe , IC.
OIE arora brlone quality, B heads €5,00@6,00
grelnary 0; 88,2008,7 ; common do, #3, 3,25; inferior
Gwike Fist quallty, 64@6Xe; other qualitles, 6@6%e.
ALBANY, July 11.—The following is a comparative state-
This week, Last Wee
. 8152
» BOM 1888
ihe miakket tangata at the following
his week, Last week,
Superior .. 54@b c 6
First quality. 5 @buc @5%
Second quality 4X
Third quality .
Inferior...
The market opened 0
quotations, but the receipts of yesterday were so unexpect.
Fal heave: that it was impossible to check the depressing
tendency.
‘Suexr ANp Lawms—There is a falr inquiry for the East
and New York, and prices are improving. Sales of good
State are making at 4, 4%@5c ® @, There is but little de-
mand on Albany account,
Hoas—There are none here. Sales are being effected ina
small way, on the Greenbush side, at 54@5%@bc for fat,
ranging from 180 to 220 Ds,—Argus.
CAMBRIDGE, July 6.—At market 401 cattle, about 350
beeves, and 54 stores, consisting of working oxen, cows,
and one, two and three years old.
Prices—Market beef— Extra, @3,50@8,
B ‘cond do, $6,75@7,00; third
y 4@Me better than our
first quality,
do, $5,006.0,00 ;
ee
HERP AND LA)
2,00@2,50, Extra, 93,50, 8,50@4,00, or from
Hipes—7X@s¥e #M. Pelts, c@91,87 each.
Ole WD. Tallow, 7@7}4c # BD,
E3—$1,007,00,
BRIGHTON. July 7,—At market, 475 beeves, 90 stores,
2,000 sheep and lambs, and 700 swine,
Beer UATTLE—Extra, $9,50@00,00; first quality, 99,95@
00,00; second quality, $8.00; third quality, #1,00@0,00
Wonkixa Oxen—$100, 115, 120@160.
Mion Cows—$45@50; common, $30@21,
Ve At CaLves— $3.00, 4,00, 5,00@7,00.
Srones—Yearlings, none; two years old, 922@27; three
years old, 923@33.
Hipes—7%@8%c 8M. Calf skins, @lic ¥ nm.
TALLoW—Sales at7@7 40 #1
Suexr Re Anns 8 ga 00 extra, 2,50, 3,00@5,00,
Pai 7s—{00@ 81,87 ead
Swine—Spring pigs, 54@6}se; retail, 6@70; fat hogs, none,
class beof is in good
hs.
OsLves 4@6 each.
The Wool Markets.
NEW YORK, July 7.—Native fleeces have come forward
more freely, and we notice a lively demand for Delaine
at full prices; the sales aggregate 650,000 ms. at
varying from 85@5%e for common to cho
pally at 11.06 for quarter to half, and three-quarters
ferino and Saxony, deliverable’ in 60 days, Pulled js in
fair request at full prices; sales of 25,000 Its, at 30@48c for
No. 1 City and extra Country; 15,000 ts. Lamb's at 31@sxc,
Forelgn is in good supply, and. with a fair inquiry, prices
are maintained ; sales of 10,000 Ds fine unwashed Mestizo
} do Cordova and 250 do Donskol on private
ote:
Am. Saxony fleece, ® mb.
Am. full blood Merino
Aim, }¢ and X blood Merino
prinei-
blon
arkets, Commerce,
Terms of Advertising —Trenty-Five Cents a Line, each
tnsertion. Srectat Notices — following reading matter, and
leaded—Fifty Cents a Line, each insertion, of apyaxce,
$27 The circulation of the Rozat New-Yoreur far exceeds
that of any similar journal in America or Europe, rendering
{taltogether the best Advertising Medium of {ts clase,
THREE YEAR OLD DULL, SOME HEIFERS
Ball Caif-all thorough bred Durha
ke L.A. BEEBE, of Lima, NY.)
HW-YORKER:
=
HE BEST GRAIN ein
at
Ta Manufactured by the
&
de in
roan ri eres given in a late number of the
©
Price of 7.
S 9 Tube Drill,
Grass Seeder,
soir Tarheraaforsation Gitcalars, &c., address 1, W.
‘or er formation, a“ ress S
Brigos Arent, bacedon Centre. N, or the Proprisions,
Macedon, N. ¥. BICKFORD & HUFEMAY
INGHAM UNIVERSITY.—Avtomnal Term commen.
ces September 2ist—third W oangatay.
For, pple ons, direct simply “Ing! University, le
Roy. NY,
Wie Toetitation will proceed with few changes as hereto.
ore Mes, Sracsrow and airs INGHAM lil Interested and
ass roprees
F Terms per cnt for Board and Tultlon, 4150. Few Ex-
nest.
ras. Eynopsls sent a t'L HANSON OX, Chancellor,
Le Roy, N. ¥., July 9, 1839. Wat
of nratse, ad
ey are cheay
ted
attended
Stream,
47-10
E RY FARMER SHOULD OWN AND READ
PLATY AND PLEASANT TALK ABooT Frurt, FLOWERS
AND Faamino.” It gives valuable information about the
Successful cultivation of Wheat, Corn, Rye, Oats, Fruits
and Fruit Trees, &c, he proper management of Oattle,—
alist of choice Seeds, Fruits and Flowers. How to trans-
plant and prune Trees and Vines, Grafting, &c, Full infor.
mation about Blight and Insects, &c., hc, &c.
“PLAIN AND PLeaSanT TALK ABOUT Frorrs, FLOWERS AND
FarMixo,” written by Hexay WARD Brycner, who to his
already renowned reputation as a Preacher, Orator and
Author, must now be added that of a Praotical Farmer and
Gardener—for such he is and has been. 1 Volume, Price
41,35. For. rile by all Booksellersiani Agents, or sent by
mail, post-paid, on recelpt o| ce,
aes Denny € JAOKSON
At
497
promptl
to by addressing BG. H. HATHAWAY. at Hoc
Publishers, New York.
Wits0n’s ALBANY SEEDLING!
BEST AND MOST PROLIFIC STRAWBERRY!
Yreun's Over 200 Busters Per Acre!
This unrivalled Berry bas thls year, on my grounds, ex-
ceeded all previous ones, in size, quality and productlve-
ness, Numberless specimens, from 4 to 43 Inches in clr-
comference, some still larger. Having marketed the earliest
and best of this fruit—and for nearly five weeks—I can
supply selected. strong, new plants, warranted pure, of the
very best quality. Packed and delivered in Albany, #10 for
1,000; 96 for 500: 91,50 for 100; #1 for 60. Descriptive circu-
larasent to applicants inclosing stamp,
G27 No Travelin Agent Euptoyen,
WM. RIOHARDSON,
A9T-tt Riverview, Albany, N. Y.
0 FARMERS AND MANUFACTURERS OF
MOWING AND REAPING MACHINES!
July Ist, 1859, we were present at the trial of Ketchum's
Mowing Machioe, with S, E. & M. P. Jackson's Improve-
ments attached, on the farm of D. 0. Mason, in New Hart-
ford, Oneida Co,, N. ¥., and say that we think the draft is
a decided improvement of all the old style machines, Also
for elevating the cutter-bar up to 1853,
MORGAN BUTLER,
E. F. SCHELLHASS,
8. M. MASON,
J. G. JEWIT.
D. 0. MASON.
The Improvements on the machine can be seen on Bfa-
son's farm, at the above place, and a number of others,
For procuring Improvements, or territorial rights, see adver.
tisementin Romat of June 4th. 497
RATT’S PATENT SELF-VENTILATING
COVBRED MILE-PAN.
This is on inclosed milk-pan, so arrangedims to secure the
supply and circulation of air required for the separation
apd rising of the cream, By
reference to the engraving, {t
will by an 1s
I alr
presses In through the lower ringe of perforations in the
Cover, and forces the Warm air out through the perforations
above, thus producing the required cireulation, ‘This circu:
lation of air will diminish, as the cooling process goes on,
but nof cease: for, gases being evolved in the production of
cream, thelr lightness will still cause the alr to draw in
through the lower perforations, and so continue the process
of ventilation. 2
‘The value of this new milk-pan will be at once apparent,
Dairymen often have ereat difficulty in protecting their
open pans from gnats, files, rats, mice, snails lizards, tc,
&c,; and they cannot cover them, because, if the air
out, the cream will not separate from the milk,
But not alone to dalrymen is the invention of value, In
every family milk Is used; and with one er more of these
self-ventilating pans, the best condition for raising cream is
secured. Covered. and set upon 4 shelf, or the cellar floor,
the pan is entirely feee from moles Durie the tine
that the patent was pending, in 1558, tbis milk-pan was -
bibied a the U.S Agrlooltiral Fair held in Richuond, Va
at the Pennsylvania State Fair, held at Pittsburgh: and at
the New Hampshire State Fair, lcld at Dover.
cise DIPLOMAS were ayrarded.
ARTHUR, BURNHAM & GILROY,
Sole Manufacturers,
117 & 119 South Tenth St., Philadelphia, Pa,
Also, Manufacturers, under the Patent, of "Tae Oxp Do-
Mision” Coreae Por and AnTUUH'S SELY Seating Fruit Cane
AND JARS. 497-9t
AGENTS WANTED IN THIS STATE to canvass
with the GorpeN Saye. Sells rapidly. Can make
For terms, &¢,. sand stamp,
491-10t ©. P. WHITTEN, Lowell, Mass.
i AGENTS WANTED-To sell 4 new inven-
2) tions, Agents have made over $25,000 on one,—
ee than all oe Maieeenecocies, Send four stamps and
t art! lars, gratis.
SG EPHRAIM BROWN, Lowell, Mass,
KE. B®
ALL’?S OHIO °
REAPER AND MOWER.
‘Tre Scsscrmen wishes to call the attention of the readers
of the Rural New-Yorker to his impréyement in Reaping
and Mowing Machines,
Balt’s Ohio Mower 1s known In almost every section of
the country where Machines of this kind have been used.—
Ttwas first introduced in the year 1855, and go rapidly dl
gain the public confidence that five hundred were sold the
first year of itsexistence, In the year 1857 its sales amounted
to near one thousand machines, and in that year it was sent
to the great NATIONAL nist of Reapers und Mowers, held
at Syracuse, N. Y., and although the machine used at that
trial was not got up for that purpose, but was one of 15 sent
there for sale—and notwithstanding this machine entered
that contest a stranger and almast friendless, there being no
one present to take charge of it, or to represent it, who felt
any particular interest in its success—It received the highest
number of credit marks (61,) a8 a Single Mower of any
michine on the ground!
_, Had it been heralded and Introduced to the World with a
flourish of trumpets, anda long retinue of Influential friends
interested in its success—puffedin the East and glorified in
the West, by the owners of territorial rishi played at
World’s Fairs in Europe, and commended by potentates and
princes that know as much about machinery as they do of
the density or quantity of matter in the center of the eurth
—or had it ever been persecuted into notoriety by a host of
Jealous competitors, and been manufactured In various
Btates and Countries—its sale and success might have been
much more extensive, but the machine itself not one whit
more complete and satisfactory. ue
During the Inst year the Machine has been entire!
modeled and vastly improved by the Patentec, and
now offered to the market as one of the best Combined Ma-
chines in the country. Space will not permit us to give a
detailed description of the character and operation of the
machines, For this information I beg leave to refer custo-
mers to my printed Circulars in the hands of my Agents,
‘The following named gentlemen are Agents for the sale of
my Machines during the oo! season, They haye sample
machines on exbibition at their several places of business,
and also ke happy to communicate any further Information
that may be desired,
TIFFANY & ROBERTS, Fredonia, N. Y.
R. C. TERRY & C0. elica, =
ROSE & STRAWN, Hornellsville,
HIRAM KETOHUM, Elmira.
STORRES & CHATFIELD. Onego,
é Binghampton,
To each
good pay.
joppre & Co,,
Oey ti, sade of Pine
world.
SoNpay SCHOOL BOOKS AND PAPERS,
All the Publications of the
AMBRICAN S.S. UNION,
maybe found at NO. 40 BUFFALO STREET, Rochester,
lowest prices.
ADAMS & DABNEY, Agents,
§277A New Boox Posuisugp Evany Satorpay, 3 4%-5t
Bice HAWK HORSE “ LIVE YANKEE”
will make the season of 1859 atthe Stable of MEIGS:
BAILEY, 24 miles north of West Henrietta. Monroe Oo,,
N.Y., where he may be found at all times For terms, see
Posters, SMTi & SPAULDING, Proprietors,
|. Barter, Groom. 495-06
HeMeszs FOR ALL!
FOR SALE,
ALBU2E per Acre, desirable FARMING LANDS In
Western Virginia, Eastern Kents , and Middl
Valuable Lands in Sullivan and. Elk Gountles,
Wen ani
ae Pia Americas Esto) A
1) a
Couraxy, No.0 Broadway, New Yorke oe na
U, 8: TEND AND FLAG MANUFACTORY,
ENTS AND FLAGS to Tenk, salable Agri
TENTS to Rent, sultable for Agricultural
Fairs, Miliary Eocampments "onterenves, Gents Bicol
Havin the entire stock of Tents formerly owned by K. 0.
Witurass, with several new onea in addition, I am prepared
to fill all orders the public may feel pleased to honor me with,
Tents and Pings of every decurton made to order,
Address JAMES FIELD,
Box 701, Rochester, N. ¥.
STEAM ENGINES AND BOILERS
MANUFACTURED BY
ona ah BVGOD. & CO., Eaton, N. ¥.,
sizes and of the most approved designs, and made of
the best materials and in perfect workmanship.
Orders for Steam Engines will be filled on short notice,
Any persons Interest! or wist Steam Power, by in-
closing a P.O, stamp to our ad will be furnished with
a Circular, 455-15t
K
PORTABLE
ETCHUM’S COMBINE) HAR
Ketonum's Improved auined CN i
eel and Adjustable Roller—
#10000
11000
“Tron Frame," with
hes
8000
Machines and Mills shipped without éxtra charge,
These Machines are simple in construction, have no equal
for durability and light draft, are entirely free from all side
draft, and have no weight upon the horse's neck.
This Machine, as impreved for 1859, was awarded the first
premium by the Michigan State Agricultural Society, at its
Annual Fair in Sept, last, as a Reaper and as a Mower,
The New York State Agricultural Soclety, at its late Falr,
awarded it the first premium as a Combined Grain and
Grass Harvester,
Ohio also awarded It Ita best commendation.
Machines may be had of the different Agents through the
United States, who have them on exhibition.
An examination is earnestly solicited before giving your
order for any other machine. The corrected Report of the
United States Trial show this to be the lightest draft Com-
bined Machine in the World, by at least 20 per cent.
Call on the Agent and give your order early,
Allorders will receive prompt attention,
. L. HOWARD,
Asstt Manufacturer and Proprietor, Buffalo, N.Y.
ees. AMBER LOAN “7
SD os
LITTLE BUFFALO HARVESTERS.
Tue Best CoupiseD Mowers AND REAPERS IN THE WORLD,
Simplicity; durability; convenience; adaptation to allkinds
of work and every varle of ground; light drafts low price:
freedom from side di Ait and pressure upon tho.
horses’ necks; portability; perfection of Work-—all thege de-
sirable features are combined in the above machines,
The Amerioan Harvester is a two horse machine capable
of cutting from 10 to 15 acres of grass. and from 12 to 18
acres of grain per day. The Little Buifalo Harvester {fs a
one horse machine capable of cutting from § to 12 acres of
grass, and from 10 to 10 acres of grain per day.
PRICES AT FACTORY.
American Haryester as Mower,
02 sy Combined,
Uiffle Bugiulo Haryester as Mower
REAPER AND MOWER,
WITH WOOD'S IMPROVEMENT,
For the Harvest of 1859.
‘The subscriber begs to Inform the publfc that he continues
to manufacture this popular machine, and pledges himself to
roduce an implement thar will fully sustain its former repu-
fitlon, as the best combined machine yet introduced, and
Inferior to nuve, either as a Reaper or Mower,
It hns had wstendy und increasing popularity from the frat
achieving a complete success in the firat important trial at
Geneva in 1852, It carried off the highest honors atthe great
National Field Trial at Syracuse in 1497; and amidst all the
competition and trials of 1458, came outwithmore and better
established polnts of excellence than ever before.
‘The general principles peculiar to this machine, and upon
which it is constructed, have proved so successful that there
has been no attempt to change them.
‘The main effort during the last year bas been to improve
its mechanical construction, to mike {t stronger and more
durable, and sustaln its reputation as the leading and most
acceptable machine to the largest class of farmers in the
country.
Warranted capable of cutting from 10 to 15 acrés of grass
or grain per day, in a workmanllke manner,
Price of Machine as heretofore, varies according to width
ofcut, and its adaptation in size and strength to different
sections of the country, from 9125 to #15 I, delivered here on
the cars. WALTER A. WOOD,
Manufacturer and Proprietor, Hoosick Falls, N. Y.
BENNETT GRAY, Broskport,
WM. HENRY HARMON, Soottsville, y
459-tf. ‘Agents for Monroe County, N. ¥.
V coop’s MOwoexza - R.---
Patented February 22d, 1859.
During the six years I have been engaged In the manufac
fure of the Manny Combined Reaper and Mower, I have
iven much thought and attention to the construction of what
foresaw would be agreat want of the Parmers—a lighter
and cheaper machine expressly for mowing, yet
been made,
And now, after the most thorough and repeated expert-
ments and tests in every variety of Held, and in all kinds and
In every condition of crass, [ am prepared, with entire confi-
e, to oller to the farmers and dealers of the United
1 baild Ter
flome Boner ‘
onmoreit sped
4 t., and cuts 4 swath four feet wide
jallyordered.) The One-Horse Mower welghs
0 ~ less. (395 @4.,) and cuts aawath three and a half feet
wide,
Por & amore full description of the Mower, reference ls made
f my Pamphlets which will be furnished on application,—
Witb each machine will be furnished two extra: two
extra sections, one wrenck and oll can.
Warranted capable of cutting ten acres of grass per day in
a workmanlike manver,
Price of Two. Horse Mower. .
*" Oue-Horse Mower,,,,
Delivered here op the cars.
Loontinae as heretofore, and with greater enocess than at
any previous time, the manufacture and sale of “Manny's
Palent Combined Reaper and Mower with Wood's Improve:
ment” WALTER A. Wi
20
~ 0
Manafacturer and Proprietor, Hoosick Falls, N. ¥.
PEASE & EGGLESPON, 84 State Bt, Albany, Agenis for
Albany Connty and vicinity,
BENNETT GRAY, Brockport,
WM. HENRY HARMON, Scottsville, Y
433-tf Agents for Monroe County, N. ¥-
MESON AND ENSIQN, aPTORNEYS AND
Janis Tans) 4 LAW, office, No, 6 Main street
over Lock vs rearket,) Gockport, Niagara Co, N.
Lown, WiecnaMin, and Michizan tands for eal
fe or exchange
of real omperty Ip Westero N.Y. Loans vegotiared.
AL HL Jaume, (473)
A. J. Essian.
= New Work.—sll the
amare!
AAV isS Were shmes Som s Fars carted, on for the
ixtres and sole, parnose of MUIR aN teed 1B
Poultry, and Pork to this
. 4d Meal, aod in Susamer on rich
Winlaron Whe boat of Haw sch gar O. A STETSON,
‘87,
5 1 lla, Patented July
LE tatay foe for Wood or Coal. 254 ded at
ood og eane of gnah to {0 bbs.
6. D.P.
*
UMPHREYS'"
OMCOPATHICO
. =
— Sind)
HUMPHREYS’
HomMc ATHIC REMBEDIBES,
No. 362 way.
—_
oats
=U 3 2 a. 3°
SPECIFIG
HOMCEOPATHIO RE
No. 562 Brondway, —
SPECIFIC 4
HOMCSOPATHIC RBEMBEDIEsS,
No, 562 Broadway,
HAVE THESE ADVANTAGES,
ARE HARMLESS! No injury can arise from thelr
THEY AR® SIMPLE! You always know what to take,
and how to take it,
THEY ARE CONVENIENT! You can always give the
medicated proper Sugar Pill at a moment's notloe without
hesitation or delay,
THEY ARE EFFICIENT! Thousands are using them im
curing disease, with the most astonishing success,
LIST OF SPECIFIC REMEDIES. *
No, 1. Fe’ —For Fever, \*
NG de Te, Buss ‘or Fever, Congestlon and Inflam-
No, 2. Worm Pi ‘For Worm.) a a
wa pore Paca—Kor Worm, Fever, Worm-Colic, and
No. 3. Bany's Prurs—For Ooll
Wakefuiness and Nervoumnessot Adgian T°etlng and
No.4. Dianniuga Pru jLarrh
aNs4;-Dlananna Pris—Por Diarrhoea, Cholers-Tnfantam
No. 5. Dysestery Puts — 7 5
ong DEERE 1118—For Colic, Griping, Dysentery,
age Pitts—For Cholera, Cholera Morbus,
r Coughs, Colds, Hoarseness, In-
No. 7. Covon Prits—Fo
fluenza and Sore Throat, i
No. 8. Toord-Acus Pitts—For Toothache, Face-ache and
Neuralgia.
No. 9. Heap-Acue Pris—For Head. 1
ae pean hoa Ro ‘or Head-ache, Vertigo, Heat
No, 10, Dysrersta Pruts—For Weak and D wd
ache; Conalpation and Liver, © Vo ns Deranged Bron
No, 11, Fon Fema IangouLanrries—Scanty,
Suppressed Periods, antyEalatyl or
No. 12. PemAue Pitts— For Leucorrhoa, Profuse Menses
and Bearing Down.
No, 13, ©) Pus—For Cr
BN “ nour Pitts—For Croup, Hoarse Cough, Bad
No, 14. Savt Ruzum Pitis—For Eryslpelas, Eruptions,
Pimples on the Pace.
No, 15, Rawumatic Pints—For Pain, Lamene:
in the Chest, Back, Loins or Limbs, pat or Rorgnpes
A.—For Fever and Ague, Chill Fever, Dumb Ague, old mis-
managed Agues.
P.—For Piles, Blind or Bleeding, Internal or External
0.—Por Sore, Weak or Inflamed Eyes and Eyelids; Fall-
fng, Weak or Blurred Sight, =
C.— For Catarrh, of long standing or recent, elther with
obaificllon or profuse discharge, 1e oneceah elthen
W, 0.~For Whooping-Cough, abating its violence and
shortening its course.
In all Acute Diseases, such as Fevers, Inflammations, Dl-
arrbws, Dysentery, Croup, Rheumatism, and such eruptive
eases as Scarlet Fever, Measles and Erysipelas—the ad-
tage of giving the proper remedies promptly Is obylous,
and in all such cases the speolfics act ikea charm, The on.
re diseafwis often arrested at once, and tn all cases the
violence of the attack Is moderated, the diseaso shortened
and rendered less dangerous, Even should a physiclan
afterwards have to be called, he will take the cuse atdeotded
advantage from the previous treatment,
Coucus and Cotns, which are of such frequent occurrence,
and which so often lay the foundation of diseased lungs,
bronchitls and consumption, may all be at once cured by the
Fever and Cough Pills,
In all Croxic Diseases, such as Dyspepsia, Weak Stom.
ach, Constipation, Liver Gemplalat Piles, Female Debility
and Irregularities, old Headache, Sore or Weak eyes, Catarrh,
Salt Rheum, and other old eruptions, the case has specifics
whose proper application will afford a cure in almost evel
instance, Often the cure of a single chronic difficulty, suc!
as Dyspepsia, Piles, or Catarrh, Headache, or Female Weak.
ness, has more than paid for the case ten times over,
FOR COUGHS AND COLDS.—A gentleman, well known
in this City, in at our oftice, remarked: * Your COUGH
PILLS have been of great value at our house this Winter. —
In every instance when one of the family haa taken a cold,
three or four doses of the COUGH and FEVER PILLS,
given in alternation, have br cured the case In a day:
ortwo. The cus¢ has already paid for itself several times
over.”
COUGHS AND COLDS.—A gentleman, a publle lecturer,
took a severe cold the latter part of Inst month, while trayel~
ing and lecturing fn northern Pennsylvania, though address-
Ing public audiences every evening, yet In two days, by the
aid of the Specific he was entirely recovered, and enubled to
pursue his avocation without Inconvenlence. No public
speaker should be without them,
BAD COLD.—A married lady of forty had taken a ylolent
cold, which settled on her lungs, causing severe cough, paln
In the side and considerable fever und hoarseness, “Such
colds were usually very lasting and troublesome, but by take
ing the SrecivicCovol Pits four times per day, in three
days she wus entirely well.
Ounostc CaTanam.—A clergyman In a neletboriana e
had suffered for many years from an obstinate Catarr)
which had resisted all uttempts fora cure, The obstruction
and discharge from the nose was constant, destroying both
taste and smell; and at times even Interfering, from the
change of yoice, with bis public ministrations. ' Almostin
despair he commenced the use of our Catarrh Specific, and
after the use of only afew pills—one every nixht—found bim-
self improved; andere he had used an entire box, could
consider himself entirely well.
Drarzpsta on Weak Stowacn, OAsm1.—A young man of 19
had Dyspepsia for two years, alten ed witha severe palo
in the pitof the stomach, coming on axing: eatin)
soon as food reached the stomach, and continuing through
the period of digestion, “The pain, was severe and aching.
sometimes extending to the shoulders; less if he eat ve
digestible food, and proportionably more violent as bis food
Was less carefully selected. It was alo worse duriog warm
weather, ‘The bowels were very costive—stools hard apd
dry. Allopathic medicines only made him worse, and, f he
rescriptions of avery regular Homoepath failed to belp hin.
Te commenced taking the Dyspmrsia Pitts, one pli ree ry
mes per day, with promptrellel | In|lttle moretan sweck
is pain of two years’ standing had disap) ?
month ake his ipowels had become perfectly reular and he
was en wel
2, A young lady of 95 had been troubled with Indl ,
for several maouthsyso asta render erent care negessary In
the selection of her food. After eating, the siomnicl Nasa
acid, food rising in her mouth with water pate i
heavy load-like sensation in her stomach, continitng a
ei e, bowels cons! ie
Peer ee nite She commenced eng tbe Drs
y morning and night,
fara Pui one morse MPC diene bad Vane,
and she felt like a new being.
PRICES, ame
Hals in Morocco Case and Book,...., 05.00
Bull seb, 0 large Vitis In Plain Case and Book, 88
Case of 15 numbered boxes and Boo 3
Cuse of any 6 anmbered boxes and Bi ie
Case of apy yered boxes, With directions: 2
Siozte nitered baxes, With direction %
ike plantation physiclan’s case, 15.00
OUR REMEDIES BY MAIL.
the list; make up @ case of what kind you
Bat Pou enclose the amount in a current note or mans
Pe nail. to our address, at No. 562 Broadway, New York, and
the meticines wil be duly returned by mall or express, free
ot taiily should be without these Invalnable euratives,—
They are the only remedies perfectly adapted for domestic
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Its deep,
Tue vision!
Te ‘its seeret sins may gro:
Mics to hear the common praise
Of actions, which, if rightly shown,
Gould only loudest censure raise,
He o'er its noblest may rajoice,
Though nono the virtues can behold ;
For facts, that win the common voice,
Demand a blazonment of gold.
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Por vilest sing, or purest deeds,
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Onrnclves and God alone behold
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‘And blame where praise is rightly due.
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1859, by
D, D, T, Moons. in the Office of the Clerk of the District
Court for the Northern District of the State of New York.
ROSAMOND;
OR,
THE YOUTHFUL ERROR.
A TALE OF RIVERSIDE.
BY MRS. MARY J. HOLMES.
[Continued from page 229, last number.}
Chapter V.—Brother and Sister.
Dorixa the time which had elapsed since Ben
Van Vecuren first made the acqnaintance of
Rosamonp, be had not once been to Riverside, for
failing to enter Oollege, and overwhelmed wit
mortification at bis failure, he had returned to
Alabama, from which place he wrote to her occa-
sionally, always addressing her as a little girl, and
speaking of himself'as a very ancient personage in
‘comparison with berself. Butthat Rosawonp was
now no longer a little girl, was proved by her
finely rounded figure—her intelligent face—bher
polished manners and self-reliant air. And Rosa-
MOND was beautiful, too—so beautiful that strangers
invariably asked who she was, turning always for a
second look, when told she was the adopted sister
or daughter,—the villagers hardly knew which,—
of the wealthy Mr. Browxtxe. But whether sbe
were the daughter or the sister of the man with
whom she lived, she was in reality the mistress of
his household, and those who at first slighted her
as the child of a milliner, now gladly paid her
homage as one who was to be the beir of Mr.
Browsine's wealth. He would never marry ber,
the wise one’s said,—would never marry anybody,
—and so, with this voderstanding, he was free to
talk, walk and ride with her as often as be chose.
He liked her, the people said, but did not love her,
while Rosawonn herself believed he almost bated
her, so strangely cold and harsh was his mannor
towards her at times.
This coldness had increased of late, and when
the Lawnies, who, next to Mr. Brownrya, were
the most aristocratic peoplein the place, suggested
that sbe should accompany them for a few weeks
to the Springs, she was delighted with the plan,
and nothing doubting that Mr. Brown1ne would
be glad to have her out of the way, she went to
him for his consent, She found bimiahislibrary,
apparently so absorbed in reading that he did not
observe her approach until she stood between him
and the light. Then he looked up quickly, and, as
she fancied, an expression of displeasure passed
over bis face, .
“Excuse mefor disturbing you," she said, rather
i petulantly; ‘I haveto break in upon your privacy
{ if I would see you at all.”
He gave ber a searching glance, and then laying
aside his book and folding his arms, said pleqsant-
ly,—“I am at your service now, Miss Leyton,
What is it you wish?”
_ Very briefly she stated her request, and then
ie window, awaited his answer,
immediately, and when he did
|, —* Rosamonp, do you wish to go?”
Ido,” she replied. ‘I want to go
not as lonesome as I find it here.”’
“Lonesome, Rosamonp, lonesome,” he repeated,
“Riverside has never been lonesome since —+""
he paused a moment and then added, “since you
came here.””
The shadow disappeared from Rosaxonv’s face, |
4s she replied,—I did not suppose you cared to
have me here. Ithonght you did not like me.”
“Notlike you, Rosamoyp?” aff over bis fin
features there camea look of pain, which increased
as Rosamoxp continued :—" You are s at
; times, and shun me as it were j—inventin; uses
" | to drive me from you when you know TI would
rather stay.”
| “Oh, Rosawoxn,”
you are. The world
: it not for you, andi¢
*
he groaned, “how mistaken
Would be to me a blank were
™®y manner is sometimes cold
and cruel, it is because stern duty demands it
should be so. I cannot lay bare my secret heart
to you of all others, but could you know me as I
am, you would censure much, but pitymore.” He
paused a moment, then, scarcely know: ing what he
said, he continued,—"* Rosaxoxp, we will undor-
v4
i
“(Til remember that you say 60,
but it is not likely you'll keep your word.” »
“Tam not triflio, fh you,” beruid, ‘ Mar-
riage is not for ms, Thero 1s a dreadful reason
why I cannot marry, and if at times I nm culd to-
wards you, it is because—because: Ls
Rosawon’s eyes were riveted upon bis face ;—
darker and darker they grew, becoming ut lust
almost black in theiriptensity. She was beginning.
to understand bim, sud coloring criaSon, she ev-
swered bitterly,—*I know what you would suy,
but you need have vo feurs, tor I never aspired to
that honor. Rosamoxy Lerton bus yet to see the
man sbe could /ove"”
“Rosamonp,” and Mr, Bnowstno’s voice was so
low, so mournfulin its tone thatit quelled theangry
feelings in the young girl’s bosom, and she offered
no resistance when be came to herside and took ber
hand in bis, seying as he did so,—“ Listen to me,
You came bere alittle girl, and at first I did not
heed you, but you made your presence felt in
various ways, until at last I thought I could not
live without you. You are s young lady now—the
world calls you beautiful. To me you are beauti-
ful. Ob, so beautiful,” and he laid one hand upon
her sbiving hair, softly, tenderly, nay, proudly, as
ifshe had been his child, “Tam notold yet, and
it would be natural that we should love each other,
but we must not—we cannot,”
“And lest I sbould Jove you too well, you have
tried to make me hate you,” interrupted Rosamonp,
trying in yain to release herself from bis powerfut
grasp, aud adding, “but you can spare yourself
the trouble. Ilike you too well to bate you; but
as I live, I would wot marry you if I could, I
mean what I say!”
He released her hand, and returning tobis chair,
laid his head upon the table, while she continued :—
“T know just about how well you like me—how
necessary I am to your coasfort, and since fate has
decreed that we should be thrown together, let us
contribute to each others happiness as far us in ns
lies. I will think of you as a brother, if you like,
and you shall treat me as a sister until somebody
takes me off your hands. Now, I can’t say /shall
neyer marry, for I verily believe I shall. Meno-
time, you must think of me just as you would if
you hada wife, Is ita bargain, Mr. Brownra?”
She spoke playfally, but he knew &he was in
earnest, and from his inmost soul he blessed ber
for having thus brought the conversation to aclose,
He would not tell her why he had said to her whut
he bad—it was not what he intended to say, uod he
knew she was in a measure deceived, but be could
bot explain to her now; he could not tell her that
be trembles for himself far more than for her, and
it was no rh p to know how much he loyed
her, nor how that as wearing his life away
because of its great sin. He was growing old now
very fast, The shadows of years were on his brow,
and Ros,mowp almost fancied sbe saw bis brown
Jocks turning white. She was a warm-hearted,
impulsive girl, and yoing towards him, she parted
from bis forehead the bair sieaked with grey,
saying softly to him, “Shullit not beso? Muy I
be your sister?”
“Yes, Rosawonp, yes,” was bis answer; and
then, wishing to bring him back to the point from
which they started, Rosasonp said ubruptly,—
“And what of the Springs? Can I go?”
The descevt was a rapid one, but it was what he
needed, and lifting up his head, be replied, just as
he had done before, Do you want to go?”
“Not as much as I did when I thought you were
angry,” she suid, ‘and if you would rather, I had
quite as lief stuy with you,”
“Then stay,” he said, “and we will have no
more misunderstandings”
The next evening, as be sat alone in tho parlor,
aservant brought to him a letter, the superscrip-
tion of which made him reel, as if he would have
fallen to the floor. It was nearly four years since
be hud seen that hand-writing, —he had hoped
never to look upon it agaio,—but it was there be-
fore his eyes, and she who wrote thot letter was
coming to Riverside,—‘ would be there in a few
days, Providence permitting. Do not commit
suicide on my acconnt,” she wrote, “for I care as
little as yourself to baye our secret divalged, aud
unless I find that you are after other prey, I shall
keep my own counsel”
The etter dropped from his nervoless fingers—the
objects in the room swam before his eyes, and like
one on whom a crushing weight has fallen, he sat
bewildered, until the voice of Rosavonp aroused
him, and fleeing to his chamber be locked the door,
and then sat down to éAink. She was coming to
Riverside, and wherefore? He did not wish fora
reconciliation now,—he would rather liye there
just as he was, with Rosamoxp.
“Nothing will escape her,” he said; “those
basilisk eyes will see everything—will ferret out
my love for that fair young girl. Ob, Heayen, is
there no escape!”
He heard the voice of Ayxa Lawate in the yard.
She was coming for Rosanonp's decision, and quick
as thought he rang the bell, bidding the servant
who appeared, send Miss Leyton to him,
“Rosaxonp,” hesaid, when shecame to the door,
“Thave changed my mind. You must go to the
Springs.” 4
“Bot I'd rather stay at home. I do not wish to
go,” she a
“Tsay y it, So tell Miss Lawnie you will,”
he answered, and his eyes flashed almost savagely
upon her,
Rosamoxp waited for no more. She had dis-
covered the impediment to his marrying. It was
hereditary insanity, and she bad seen the first
signs of it in him herself! Magnanimously resoly-
ing never to fella human being, nor let him be
chained if she could help it, however furious he
might become, she went down to Miss Lawate,
telling ber she would go.
One week from that day was fixed upon for their
departure, and during that time Rosawoxp wrailtbo
much absorbed in dresses and fnery-to pay much
heed to Mr, BrownixG. Of one thing she was sure,
though,—he was crazy; for what/else made him
stulk up and down the gravel walk, his head bent
forward and his hands behind him, as if intently
stand each other, Jehal! never marry—never can
marry. In your intercourse with me, will you al-
b ways remember that ?”
. Why, * answered RosaMonn, puzzled to
h
ey
towards her now was pertrange that she dared not,
and she was almosta- glad os himself when at last
the morning came fur ber to gO
“ Promse me one thing,” he said, as they stood
together a moment alone. ‘Don't write until you
hear from me, aud don’t come home until I send
for you.”
“And suppose the Lawares come, what then?”
she asked, and he replied,—“‘ No matter; stay un-
till write, Here aye five hundred dollars in case
of a0 emergeoey,” and he tbrust a check into her
band. “ Stop,” he continved, us the carriage came
round—" Did you put your clothes away where
no on® cau see them, or are you taking them all
with you?” :
“Why, no, why sbould I?” she answered.—
“ Ain't I coming back?”
“Yes, yes,—Heayen only knows,” hesaid. “Ob,
Rosamonn, it may be I am parting with you for-
ever, and at such a moment, is it asin for you to
kiss me? You asked todo soonce, Will you do
it now?”
“Twill,” she replied, and she kissed, unhesitat-
ingly, his quivering lips.
The Lawnies were at the door,—Mrs, Peters
also,—and forcing down his emotion, he bade her a
calm good bye. The carriage rolled away, butere
its occupants Were six miles from Riverside, every
article of dress which had belonged to Rosamonn
bad disappeared from her room, which presented
the appearance of any ordinary bed-chamber, and
when Mrs. Perers, in great alarm, came to Mr.
Brownino, asking what he supposed had become
of them, he answered quietly,—“I have put them
in my private closet and locked them up!"”
Had not Mrs. Perers, and Rosamono, too, some
well founded reasons for thinking the man was
crazy?
Chapter VI,—Marie Porter.
The Hotels were crowded with visitors. Every
apartment at —— Hall, from basement to attic,
was full, save two small rooms, eight by ten, so
dingy and uncomfortuble, that only in cases of
emergency were they offered to guests. These,
from necessity, were taken by the Lawnrms, but
for Rosamonw there was scarcely found a standing
point, unless she were willing to share the apart-
ment of asick lady, who had graciously consent-
>
ed to receive any genteel, well-bred person, who
looked as though they would be quiet and not
rummage ber things more than once a day!
“She was a very high-bred woman,” the ob-
Sequious attendant said, “and her room the best
in the house; she would not remain much longer,
and when she was gone the young lady could have
it alone, or sbare it with her companions, It con-
tained two beds, of course, besides a few nails for
dresses,”
“Ob, do take it,’ whispered the younger Miss
Lawnis, who was not yet thoroughly versed in
the pleasures of a watering place, and who cast
Tueful glances at her cheerless pen, so different
| from her airy Gbamber at home.
So Rosamonp’s trunks were taken to No. 20,
whither she berself followed them; The first oc-
cupant, it would seem, was quite an invalid, for
though it was four in the afternoon, sbe was still
in bed, Great pains, however, bad evidently been
taken witb hee toilet, aud onthiog could have been
more perfect thon the srrupgement of ber pillows,
—her bair,—her werajper, aod the crimson shawl
she wore about her shoulders; Rosawonn bowed
to her politely, sud thea, without noticing her
particularly, weut over to the side of the room
sbe supposed was to he hers, She had just lain
aside ber bat wheu the Jady said, “That open
blind lets in too much light. Will you please
Sbutit, Miss I dou’t koow what to call you.’”
“Miss Leyton,” answered Rosawonp, “and you
are a
“Miss Porren,” returned the speaker,
“Rosamonp started quickly, for she remembered
the name, od looking for the first time directly at
the lady, she met a pair of large bluck eyes fixed
inquirivgly upon her.
“Leytox—Leyron,” repeated the lady, “where
have I heard of you before?”
“At Atwater Seminary, perhaps,” suggested
Rosanonp, a little doubtful as to the manner in
which ber iatelligence would be received.
A shadow flitted over the lady’s fuce, but it was
soon succeeded by a smile, and she said graciously,
“Oh, yes, I koow. Youannoyed me and I annoy-
ed you, It was an even thing, and since we are
thrown together again, we will not quarrel about
the past. Ain't you goiog to close that blind?
The light shines full in my fuce, and, as I did not
sleep one wink last night, I am looking horridly
to-day.”
“Excuse me, madam,” ssid Rosawonn, “T was
so tukep by surprise that I forgot your request,”
and she proceeded to sbut the blind.
This being dove, she divested herself of her
soiled garments, washed her face, brushed her
curls, and was about going in quest of her com-
panions, when the lady asked if she had friends
there. Rosanoxp replied that she had, at the
same time explaining how uncomfortable they
were, ‘
“The Hotel is full," said the lady, “and they
yall envy me my room; butif I pay for the best, I
am surely entitled to the best. I shall not remain
here long, however. Indeed, I did not expect to
be here now, but sickness overtook me. I dare
say Iam the subject of many anxious thoughts to
the person I am going to visit.” . a
There was a balf-exultant expression upon the
Jady's fuce as she uttered these last words, but in
the darkened room, RosamonD did not observe it,
She was sorry for one thus detuined against her
will, and leaoing against the foot-board, she said,
“You suffer a great deal from ill health, do you
not? Have you always been an invalid 2”
“Not always. I was very healthy once, but a
sreat trouble came upon me, shocking my nervous
system terribly, and since then I have never seen
a well day. I was young when it occurred —
about your age, I think. How old are you, Miss
Leytox 2”
=
“Lam cighteen next October,” was Rosamonp's
reply, and the lady continued, “I was older than
that. Most nineteen, Iam twenty-eight now.”
Rosasoxn did not know tohy she said it, but
she rejomed quickly, “Twenty-eight. So is Mr,
WNLNG !"” .
“ Who?” exclaimed the 1;
voice so sharp—so loud and ext,
MOND was sturtied, and did not answer for an in-
stant, bs..-
When sbe did, she “T be, © pardon;
itis Mr, Buownina who is twednpalnea at
“Ah, yes, [did not quite understandiyou. 1’
alitile iwrd of bearing: , Whadalin Beowaan: oo
The voice bad assomed its usually golt, smooth
tone, and Rogamonp could not see the rapid beat-
ings of the heart, nor the eager curiosity lurkin;
io the glittering black eyes. The lady «
indifferent, and smoothed carelessly the rich V;
lenciennes lace, which edyed the sleeve of her
cambric wrapper.
“ Did you tell me who Mr, Brownine was, dear?”
and the black eyes wandered over the counterpane,
looking everywhere but at Rosamonp, so fearful
was their owner lestthey should betray the interest
she felt in the answer.
Mr. Brownino,” said
bardly know what he is I went to his
house to live when I was a little, friendless or-
phan, and he very kingly educated me, and made
me whatlam, I live with him still at Riverside.”
“Ye-es—Riverside—beau-ti-ful name—bis coun-
try-seat—1—sup-pose,” the words droppedsyllable
hy syllable from tne white lips, but there was no
quiver in the voice—no ruffle upon her face.
_ Raising herself upon her elbow, the lady con-
tinued, “Pray don’t think me fidgety, but won't
you sans open that shutter. I did not think it
would be so dark. There, that’s a good girl.
Now, come and sit by me on the bed, and tell me
of Riverside. Put your feet in the chair, or take
this pillow. There, turn a little more the light.
T like to see people when they tal) Fad
Rosamonp complied with each r and then,
never dreaming of the close examination to which
her face was subjected, she began to speak of her
beautiful home—deseribing it minutely, and dwel-
ling somewhat at length upon the virtues of its
owner.
“You like him Very much,” the lady said, nod-
ding ¢ little affirmative nod to her own question,
“Yes, very—very much,” was Rosanonn’s an-
swer, and the lady continued, “And Jfrs. Bhown-
tnc? Do you like ber, too?”
“There is no Mrs. Brownina,” returned Rosa-
mOnD, adding quickly, as she saw in her auditor's
face an expression she did not understand, “but
it is pertectly preper I should live there, for Mes,
Perens, the housekeeper, bas charge of me,”
“Perhaps, then, he will marry you,” and the
jeweled hands worked nervously under the crim-
sop shawl.
“Oh, no he won't,” said Rosamonn, decidedly,
® ain too old for me. Why, his hair is turning
ray!"
“That's nothing,” answered the lady a little
sharply. ‘Everybody’s hair turns early now-a-
days. Saran found three or four silver threads in
mine this morning. Miss Leyton, don’t you loye
Mr. Brownina ?”
‘Why, yes,” Rosamonp began, and the face upon
the pillow assumed a dark and almost fiendish
expression. “ Why, yes, I love him as a brother,
but nothing else, Trespect him for his goodness,
but it would be impossible to love him with a mar-
rying love,” .
‘The fierce expression passed away, and Miss
Porrer was about to speak when Anna Lawns
sent for Rosamonn, who excused herself and lett
tone of her
=
OND, “is —is—T
ie ie muttered, “living
there with her, and she so young and beautiful. I
could bave strangled her—the jade!—wben she
sat bere talking so enthusiastcaly to me, af him!
And she loves bim, too. I know she does, though
she don’t know it herself, ButI must be wary. I
must seem to like this girl—must win her confi-
dence—so I can probe her heart to its core, and if
I find they love each other!”’—she paused a mo-
ment, then grinding her teeth together, added
slowly, as if the sound of her voice were musical
and sweet,‘ Marte Ponter will be avenged!”
That strange woman could be a demon or an
angel, and as the latter character suited her just
now, Rosamonn, on her return to her room, found
her all gentleness and love. [To be continued.
For Moore's Rural Now-Yorker,
POETICAL ENIGMA.
From my native place, a sunny land,
I’m a wanderer bold and free,
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Meadows producing nut pus grass. ie fax en cah have
his products on sip he in 30 hours, and can buy his Gro-
ceries, Dry Goods, &c., at home as cheap as any one In New
England. Yet we can’sell him good lands with perfect, un-
disputed titles at from One to Three dollars per acre,
‘This Company recommends Oroanizen DuwianaTian. |
one hundred (more or less) young men or heads of families,
including farmers, mechanics, millers, &c., with a lawyer
doctor, clergyman and two or more teachers, fike counse
together and resolve to seek new and more clieible homes
in company, Let them, clubbing their means, send two of
their number to look at’such lands aawe are prepared tu sell
them, and such others as they shall see fit. Let these dele-
gates, after a sufficient scrutiny, buy from five to twenty
thousand acres ina body, embracing all the good polnts they
require; then let them survey the whole into farms and
of cone enlea asad put these up at auction to the b
est bidder, Mahe r of the company oF 1 Fach
member will of course, Be entitled tow return in Land oF
money of issn f) a contributed by him to the eom-
ré and innu-
o Jon of
Let
pany's funds, A ortion of any profit realized
from the transaction, The miller or manufacturer would
naturally buy the water-power; the miner or smith,
the coal, if coal should be on the land; the merchant and
professional man, the village lois; tle woolerower, the
cheap and rugged hill-sides; the erain-grower the warm
and fertile valleys, Thus bapolly dividing
settle thelr tract us Interest, laste, or conv
tate, the Company, will form & sort of pont.
With ils roads, bridges, store:
wally after the New Fnglan'
easily be made; and into such y ry Ww
neither pretext nor vesire to enter. The city of
the Quaker portion of Loudoun county, not pea!
experiments, fairly exemplify the Jaw we bere ind
Thus, before aatendy und copious foflux of Free.
migration, Slavery quietly and graduully ai
convulsion or heart-burning, and the settlers will Ond thelr
Quickly. pass at art’s command
From Jand to land, from sea to sea.
Tn various forms I come ®
‘To meet the wants of men,
Attend their steps where’er they roam,
O'er smiling fleld or forest glen.
In a three-fold clasp I hold
A silent wonder of the deep,
And many a form of Grecian mold
In my embrace I keep.
~
-
‘Tho virtnes of the good andtrue
Shine on the page of history fair,
.
*Tis well for all—well for you—
‘That I fix the lasting reoord there.
Stockbridge, N. Y¥., 1859. Oak
S™ Answer in two weeks. ‘
"For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
GEOMETRICAL PROBLEM.
TitAve a farm in Elba (town,)
Four angles rightyloth bound it round;
A line diagonal ‘divides
‘Two angles, making equal sides,
IP to this¥me eight you combine,
It equals half the outside line ;
If you this last divide by four,
The other flye it will compare,
As seven~ioth compare withYour;
With Gunter's chain twasmeasured o'er.
How many acres I demand
Is there in this piece of land?
. And also T would likeito know
Its length and width if you can show?
Elba, Gen, Co,, N. ¥., 1850. NatHan SHOTWELL.
E@ Answer in two weeks.
Answer to Geographical Enigma:— Hol ollem
Sigmaringen. |
Auswer to Poetical Enigma:—Bobolink, ‘
‘Answer to Mathematical Problem, 1 OL deg
. -_
8 mip,, and 4 se
Tuene is no principle in education
more sure than thi: “To stigmatize
fof 925; Thirty-two, and two free, for #40, (or Thirty for
997,00,) and any greatermumber at same rate —only
] Der copy—with an extra copy for every Ten Subscribers.
over TI
sired. “Awe pre-pay American postage on oa sent to
‘the British P; Canbdian agents and friends must
ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS, &,, IN No, 495, | ‘1, 19 Pravin or Cag rates of the Runa—
" -
The lowest
50—{ncluding postase.
| tion, payable in advance, Our rule Is to glve no advertise.
Srebhtes very brief, more than six to eleht consecutive
Insertions,
the Runat on any conditions,
to any part of this State, and 634 cents to any other State, if
paid quarterly in aie 7 the post-office where received.
property quadrupled by the single act of setlement,
Young men!’ We proffer you cheap land, ample tinber, a
mild mn healthful climate, ‘aduprauion to ‘ul the grains,
ssea and frulte of the temperate zone, *ith ready access
fo ample and remunerative markets at all se Vhis
ment will
fertility. nis to Indst
ri com
iheuter for exertion, is proffered anywhere
pon,call ween or welte us for particulars?
‘RANCIS W. TAPPAN, President, or JNO, C.
WOOD, General Avent Am, Emigrant Ald and Hon)
mpany, No, M6 Broadway. New York, 41
s
ch
siwe
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-Y:
LancEst cmuLATED
i 1, Lite
See ea eds ee ;
BY D. D, Ty MOORE, ROCHESTER, NY.
YARDS—FOR &
have al on baud &
Medina Brone, Caps
0) Covi arbing. Pavitie, ep
‘stern
Kall izes, Pire-proof, Vault
Ofico, Union Buildings, Opposite the Court House, Bualo St.
wR: &
TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
Two Dollars a Year —81 for six months To Clubs
and Agents as follows :—Three Coples one your, for #5; SIx,
and one free to club agent, for $10; Ten, and one free, for
$15; Sixteen, and one free, for $22; Twenty, aud one free,
¥. Club papers sent to different Post offices, If de
‘of copies sent to-Europe, éc., ts only #3,
Apyenrisenxnta— Twenty-Five Cents a Line, each inser-
Patent Medicines, &c., are not advertised {a
Tue Postage OM THe Ronse is only 3¥¢ centa per quarter
FET,
TWO DOLLARS A YEAR]
“PROGRESS
a
AND IMPROVEMENT.”
(SINGLE NO. FOUR CENTS.
VOL, X. NO. 30.5
ROCHESTER, N. Y.—FOR THE WEEK ENDING SAT
URDAY, JULY 23, 1859,
~ {WHOLE NO, 498.
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
AM OMIGINAL WERELY
RURAL, LITERARY AND PAMILY NEWSPAPER
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE, ¥
‘With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors,
‘Tire Monat New-Yoreen is desiened to be unsurpassed,
in Value, Purity, Usefulness and Variety of Contents, and
finlque and beautiful in Appearance, Its Conductor devotes
his personal attention to the supervision of its various de-
partments, and earnestly labors to render the Runat. an
mn Reliable Guide on all the important Practical,
Eien ae other Subjects intimately connected with the
Dnalnem of those whose Interests It zealously advocates —
Tt embraces more Agricultural, Horticultural, Belen
‘FAdeatlonal, Literary and News Matter, interspersed
‘oppropriate and beautiful Bogravings, than any other jour-
nal, rendering it the most complete Aqiicunrurat, Lit
eRAKY AND PanityY Newsrarer dn America.
$27" All communteations, and business letters, should be
addrewed to D, D, T, MOORE, Rochester, N. Y.
For Tenna and other particulars, see Inst page.
‘ered in
or two sinc as we would
have answered had some ove inquired whether
different kinda af apples w
grown in the same orchard; or whether calveg
and Tambs would mix by being turned into the
same yard; or the children mix by being congre-
gated in the same school-room. Thousands of po-
tato cultivators are ready to say that tbey have
not seen the lengt evidence of mixture in the bill,
and yet one occasionally asserts that such things
do take place, and claims to have witnessed a per-
fect demonstration of the fact. Our brief note has
called ont the following reply in the
erat, and the author, or some o!
ed us a marked copy,
miv hy al
“Do Porarors Mix rx tire Wet
Tn * Moone’ Runar New-Yorker
Hon'le aorwered tn the negative,
that a tial for several years of
the same bill proves that wi
Perhaps those two miners’
as bol to prodice a new pi
Potatoes, Togitimarely
will meta io the bil), At
ral other gentlome village, bave seen ovide
of each fact Nu would SUEMIGA of -
RAL” aay of that fict To Suess your oflog last fall
of threo varietion actually on and ‘grown upon ono
sialkY The year before T pla) ibe * Carter” and
the old bine, rougbeakinned, rou
last year pothlog but Carter scod
he yh
Mn, Epiron:—
the above ques-
Eis there averred
ferino aod Mevican \n
Amalgamation occurs,
varloties ure so mulélsh
eny, But J think good
im good ancestry,
) Mr. Editor, with soy:
" eknow ote
we believe thi
thing possible, as these; the
8, productive red sort, ju!
‘Were su
@ ato
thing to ee character upon the fine, white
rowing Merfcan, could such a
fen
Bite on?
with all our ¢ ie ith
4s well as other varictics, xperience wi
ingle fact to warranteven a § ision of thekidl
morning (July 7th) we dug Small Karly Ji
Mountain June and Buckeye, grown in eh "4
by side, within two feet of each other, and they
Were as true to kind #8 though grown miles
What, then, shal apart,
Mr. Rt Vouetables,
fruits and flowers occasion.
ly “sport,” that is, depart, in form, color or
Seneral appearance from the variety to which they
) 80 as to appear like anew or different sort,
Then, though there is a cng resemblance in
to which
cisely aliks tis for
men, when called upon
everal specimens
|, if possible, also the wood
he different specimens to
‘Delong, no two is-
reasons thay
to & fruit,
for examination, ee to
Variet)
BS Sod without these it is o
“correct conclusion.
potatoes of al ee :
m6 ‘Very strongly mark:
=e
difficul
we
anything short of a
ese,
We have never seen a
It we do with the statement of
te
in some
specimens so
unlike the others as to confound the best judges,
Were they called upon to name them. Potato
plants taken up while in a growing condition, with
some tubers almost matured, aod others in the
Gifferent stages, are not in the best condition to
show their true character.
Some time since, an intelligent farmer, who well
understood how unphilosophical was the idea that
the tubers could become changed by growing near
each other, was ata loss to account for the fact
that the potatoes which he had been growing for
o number of years, were very evidently and gradu-
ally changing in their character. This Jed us to
examine them, s )— all the inquiries neces-
sary to arrive at the fucts. When fifst planted,
oben eight or nime years ago, they were of one
kind, or nearly so, for he admitted that there
might have been, in fact, there was, a slight mix-
ture; occasionally a potato of another sort,tpougb
So few that it did not detract from their value or
injure their sale, In a few years they wereso mix-
ed orchanged as to affect their sale, the interlopers
being of an inferior sort, which made it necessa-
ry to procure others for seed. We had no difficul-
ty in accounting for this without a cbange in the
hill. The bulk of the potatoes, when first planted,
were Afercers, a first-rate potato, but, like most of
our good sorts, not very productive. The otbers
Were much inferior in quality, though more pro-
ductive, perhaps yielding one-half more than the
the water will ran; be sure und get it below the
frost; sandy and gravelly land freeze deep.
How far it will “pay” to convey water in this
way, depends upon the convenences of digging,
the expense of materials, and the magnitude of the
interest to be served. Expensive arrangements
would not be justified to give water to a borse and
one cow, or to avery small family, needing but a
small supply. I know of many cases where a very
trifling expense would set the wa er to running
through the house or the yard, and yet from mere
inconsideration the chance is unimproved. In the
hilly sections of New England and New York, there
is scarcely a place to which watr may not be
brought by goin a mile forit. Where springs or
streams do not appear, resolute digging into some
of the neighboring bills will develop them.
Free access to water should be consivered an in-
dispensable condition in raising stock. Occasional
and semi-occasional supplies of water do not an-
swer—a man drinks frequently and prodigiously
some days—temperance men, too—at other times
they don’t drink at all, So with cattle—let them
have “the largest liberty” in this respect, avd
they will not abuse it. Iwas pleased to notice ex-
tensive water arrangements made by Capt. Roor,
in York, Liv. Co. He used basswood logs, con-
nected by iron sockets, and his logs extend more
than a mile. He says basswood Jogs have been in
use in that town more than forty years, and are
true Mercer, Supposing that when first planted
one in toenty was of the poor sort, producing
three bushels where the Mercer produced éwo, and
that no pains was taken to sclect the seed, but all
planted promiscnonsly, as produced; in eight
years the proportion of each would be egual, and
in fifteen years only one in twenty would be of the
wipes eed gyed =-- “Ssed natatans mived
with a variety producing double the quantity of
the true seed, and planted as before described, in
Jour years the varieties would be equal, and in
eight years but about one in twenty would be of
the original stock. This not only accounts for
some facts which have caused many to think that
potatoes mix in the hill, bat also shows the ne-
cessity of carefully selecting seed.
Hybridization is effected ulone through the sex-
ual organs of the flower, the pollen or fertiliving
porder of the stamens falling upon tbe pistile, and
fructifying the bulf-formed seeds contained ia the
ovary or lower part of the pistil. The tuber,
whether of the potato or artichoke, is but a thick-
ened portion of an nuder-ground branch, the eyes
being the buds, having no flower, and, consequent-
Jy, no sexual organs. As well might the branches
. tree mix and change their character ax the
branches of the potato, Were this so, then all
our works on vegetable physiology must be re-
written—we must unlearn all we have learnediand
commence anew.
~
PIPE.—HOUSEHOLD DUTIES, ETC,
in this world are worth all they cost,
Among the former
y be nur rule, arrangements
ull and convenient supply of water for the
h od for stock, %
vers of cleanliness value antidotes for dirt,
lovers generally would Jighten the labor of fair
nds. Suppose a person, or, to make the case
‘onger, 2 woman, has quite enough to do,—just
enough todo,—well, that’s rigbt, do itand be glad.
dd something else thereto,that’s a burden y small,
‘ounted immaterial, infinitesimal if you please,
added thereto it exhausts the vital powers, and is
e expense of health and en;
opg ron we shall accompli:
Oppressive labors, By far the st portion of
what most people do is resonable labor; itis no
more than health and happiness require of us ;—
but the little too much, the added cares, make hard
work of the whole, Instead of being free laborers,
we look dismally upon our slavish tasks, count all
labor drudgery, and sigh for, some other sphere of
usefulness,
this nineteenth century consider it—consider
by appliances industrious people (other kinds
ent. In the
by avoiding
may look out for themselves,) may do their neces- 5
good yet. They absorb water freely, and are thus
preserved. He splits them into convenient size.
T hope he will ish the Ruwat with the expense
per rod of his fuctors, &e.> by way of encour-
agement to others, * HT. B.
INQUIRIES AND NOTES.
Parxtixa Lignrsix¢ Rops.—Afer having made re-
peated inquiries of our snynne, without recetving any
sauisfaction, L would ike to know of you what paint or
varnish is best for a lightoing rod. Copal varnish is
said to be a non-conductor, Hod will not do to apply to
theJoints where parts come in contact; for in that case
the point and the upper joints would be isolated by the
bon-conducting varnish. Is there doy paint or varnish
that is an electric conductor? An answer intne Roraw
miglit be acceptuble to many others of your Western
reudcra.—A Sunsoniwen, Slouw City, Jowa, 1859,
Liuryine rods may be painted with a paint of
Jamp-black and oi, as lamp-black, bemg charcoal,
or carbon, isa conductor of electricity, Of course
the white points of the rod need no painting, The
joiots should be too close for the paint to separate
them; indeed the joints should be connected by
screws.
Tauxpen Sovrixe Mink, &e. ~ Please to explain,
through the Rurau, why It Is that heavy thunder will
four milk,—nleo why dead bodies are raised upon Gring
heavy cannon over the water, aud oblige an inquirer
after knowledge,— . CUAPMAN, Walton, Mich,,
1859, , =
Tue change in milk by a thunder storm is not
understood very well, Assuming the change asa
fact, some have supposed that the jarring by the
thunder, when the temperature is high, was the
cause, Itis known that electricity passing along
a wire through new milk, will cause a change in
the milk so that the curd collects around the wire,
Hence, some have supposed that the mere passage
of electricity in a thunder storm, in greater quan-
tity, causes the milk to thicken, Otbers have said
that the change will take place in milk in a metal-
lic pan sooner than in a glass vessel, which isa
poor conductor, By such this is held to be proof
that the motion of electricity does the work. Let
W. W.©. try some experiments to prove or dis-
prove, and give them to the Rurau.
Who kuows that the firing of cannon will cause
a drowned body to rise to the surface of water?—
Did W. W. ©. ever witness the operition? I have
known the explosion not to produce the effect,—
The body had been under water only a few hours,
Tf the explosion can produce such an effect, it can
onlyjbe after the body has begun to be decom-
posed, when the concussion may cause the gases
to be liberated, and expand the body so as to be
lighter thon water, When the body rises of itself
itis bysuch expansion being produced, Consult
sary work a little easier, making duty pleasure,—
Pursuing this inquiry, ‘the century” will find
am @ possibilities, and in some cases, it gives
me pleasur to say jong the actualities, arrange-
ments for bringi ‘ater into the house, the fields,
and mggards. e —,
Water has a habit of running down hill, which
most people have doubtless observed; it will also
‘ate yon sometimes by running up hill.
If you Wish to bring water to aoy given point, all
Jou have to know is that the Spring, Stream or
I | Teservoir thatsupplies you, ishigher than the place
Jou wish to bring it to, and that your conducting
pipe does notin any place rise higher than the
fountain bead. Pat it down under these cireum-
stances, make the pipe tight and keep it clear, and
i good treatment the turnip forms a bulb, in which
the Rona of 1857.
Tvta Baas Gorse 0 Sxep.—Why do Ruta Bagas
Go to seed the flrat season ins'ead of forming bulbs, thus
Pee the erop and the bopes of the planter? Is
¢ Irouble with the seed !—T. J., Wheatland, N. ¥,,
July, 1859, .
Os this subject we have several inquiries, and
one gentleman brought tous about the first of July
a plant in flower, and stated that all bis crop was
in about the same condition. The tarnip belongs
to the Brassica family, embracing the cabbage and
turnip. These have been much improved by cul-
tivation, but under wnfarorable circumstances,
seem to go back to their wild condition. Under
Ea
Kip
~
BILLS’ PATENT COULTER CLEARER.
——
Tae above engraving is designed to represent a
new invention patented by Mr. E. C. Bitts, Jr., of
Perry, Wyoming Co, N. Y. We have not seen it
in operation, but from an examination of a model,
and the certificates of practical farmers and me-
chanics who have used the Clearer, we are inclined
to believe it a valuable improvement.
The inventor claims that this Coulter Clearer
“is just what every farmer needs to plow under
clover, stubble or stray manure, which eve!
scientific farmer has to do. It is simple, cheapand
durable. It can readily be attached to any coulter
by ablacksmith, atatrifling expense. This Clearer
is so constructed that it is put in motion by the
grass or straw rising against it, and thereby re-
moves all such obstructions as clog av ordinary
coulter. This improvement upon the Coulter pre-
vents clover, stubble, manure, &c,, from gathering
in bunches in front of the same, and thereby en-
ables the plowman to turn all such stuff under as
evenly as it was on the groundbefore plowing. It
of course avoids the vexation which often occurs
from haying to stop and clear the Coulter, and the
expense of an extra hand to push away the stuff,
as is always the case in plowing under such ma-
terial as above mentioned; and thereby it is a
erring of much time and labor, and does the work
in asystematic manner. At the New York State
Pair for 1857, this Clearer was awarded the First
Premium, in addition to numerous other premiums
aud complimentary notices from the Press and
scientific m . -
For particular information relative to obtaining
the Clearer orrights, address the patentee as above.
is stored the material to be used in sustaining the
growth of seed the nextsummer. But, when sown
too early on @ warm soil it forms only a small bulb,
and goes on to its second stage the first season,
forming flowers and seeds. The specimen brought
us in flower the first of July, was evidently sown
much too early. Could we be sure of showers in
July sufficient to germinate the seed and secure the
rapid growth of the young plants, on a warm soil
it would be better not to sow until quite late in
June, On a cool, clay soil, earlier sowing would
be advisable. Any one can force the turnip to
form seed the first year, in several ways, but the
most successful would be the following :—Sow the
seed early and thick in a poor soil, allow all the
plants to grow without thinning or cultivation, and
almost every plant will go to seed during the warm
weather. Tbe turnip mukes its greatest growth,
particularly of bulb, during our cool fall rains, and
if the plants are healthy, though small at the first
of October, a good crop is pretty certain. Seed
raised from plants that matured the first year
should not be sown, as the bad habit would be
perpetuated, no doubt. Still, we do not think that
any great quantity of seed sold in the stores is ob-
tained in this way. It is mostly imported from
Europe, where the cool, moist weather is favorable
to the proper development of the turnip, and
where growing of seed is an important business,
conducted with energy and skill.
Manrnina Surer,—I wish to know the best method of
marking sheep, so it will last from one shearing to an-
other.-8, 8, B., Titusville, Cravw, Co., Pa., 1869.
We subjoin several modes for performing this
operation, and S, S. B., with any others desiring
like information may adopt whatever seemeth good
in their sight:
In France sheep are marked with figures in Indian
ink on the under side of the ear, by which number
they are registered. The process is a very simple
one, casily and rapidly performed. The operator
has u set of numbers, three of each, the face of
which are small points which will ae eet
punctures in the skin, when pressed uponit. Sup-
pose the sheep to be marked is No, 721, he sets
these figures in a pair of pincers, and then rubs a
little prepared ink, vermillion, or indigo, on the
smooth skin of the ear, gives it a pinch, rubs it a
moment with the finger, and 721 is fixed forever
upon that spot. Thus changing figures, with a
simple little machine, a sheep can be marked any
number from } to 999,888,000,
L. A. Morrett, in the American Shepherd, speak-
ing of the uncouth and Judicrous manner in which
sheep are often marked, says that this can be obvi-
ated by having the letter cut in pasteboard, and
thereby some degree of taste and uniformity will
result. If a letter is not indi«pensable, it will be
better to have an iron formed to represent a ring,
triangle, or diamond, with a handle attached ; then
dip the iron in the pnint, which should be deposited
in a shallow vessel, and immediately apply it tothe
wethers on-the right shoulders, ewes on the left, or
vice versa, and the bucks on the rump. This is
practicable, if others near by do not adopt the
same mark. Such marks of ownership are qnite
necessary, with a view to distant or more obvious
“ per era Aa or Ser
flock are breacby aud disposed to stray, The ma-
terials for marking should be lampblack and lin-
seed oil, or, as a substitute for the latter, hog’slard,
Let the lampblack be ‘‘killed,” as painters term
it, by using a very little of spirits of turpentine,
before the oil is mixed, It will not rub off so
easily if allowed to stand twenty-four hours before
applied. It is common to use tar; but this is
objectionable with the manufacturer, it being diffi-
cult to separate by the cleansing process,
RanpALL gives preference to boiled tar—the
boiling continued until it assumes a glazed, hard
consistency, when cold, and a brilliant black color
is given by stirring in a Jittle Jampblack when
boiling. Itis applied when just cold enough not
to burn the sheep’s hide, and it forms a bright,
conspicuous mark the year round. Boil it in a
high-sided iron vessel (to prevent it from taking
fire) on a small furnace or chafiog-dish near where
itis to be used. When cool enough, forty or fifty
sheep can be marked before it gets too stiff, Ivis
then warmed from time to time, as necessary, on
the chafing-disb. The rump is a better place to
murk than the side. The mark is about as con-
spicuous on the former, under any circumstances,
and it is more so when the sheep
res*Byilinn ond wanes -e
pen, or when they are ruonin, from you.
And should any wool be injured mark, that
on the rump is less valuable thai ton the side,
Will pot our sheep-breeders respond to the in-
quiry of S. 5. B., giving their mode, materials
used, and experience?
+
FARMERS’ BOYS.
Tue season of the year involving the cultivator
of the soil with most strenuous exertions, is NOW
upon us, The preparation of the soil, the sowing
of the seed, the cultivation of the growing ¢rop,
and the joyful ingathering of the same, follow each
other in rapid succession; and, while cach partic-
ular part of the process is demanding ourattention,
we are to bestow on it the best efforts of our brains
Se and interest which very nat-
urally attend the hopeful and busy prosecution of
our callings at this Season, there exists a few con-
siderations of great importance which we are apt
to overlook, because apparently not directly bear-
ing upon the objects of immediate pursuit,
One of these is involved in the following propo-
sition: —Most parents are naturally desirous of
seeing their sons grow to habits of steady industry,
frugality and thrift, This nearly all desire, and
especially so those agriculturists who possess most
eminently these characteristics themselves, Such
are particularly anxious to imbue their sons with
a thorough love of their own chosen avocation.
How shall we accomplish this object? I propose
to make a few suggestions in answer to the query:
‘The question is not how shall we make them iotel-
ligent, virtuous, useful men, but how shall we
make them ipterested in their business? ; The
answer to the first would involve ua in acopsidera-
tion of all the means of social, intellectual, moral,
and physical development and improvement, We
are too busy just now to discuss these, but the
4
.
*.
f
}
o
ee
—_— —
rT +, -
i. .*
GS 2 Sw
t and brief.
our minds of.the im-
ir boys are to give us
a certain amount of se in consideration of
tho fact that, rents, we bave reared and sup-
ported them able to care fo p selves—an
impression false in theory and in prac-
tice. We rear and educate them because we love
them, and not from the identical motives which
induces us to rear a horse,
2d. We must consider that our boys are reason-
ing beings, and, like “boys of larger growth,”
are influenced by motives. They must haye in-
centiyes to action, like ourselyes, based on consid-
erations of personal advantages. They are not
machines which can be wound up at stated inter-
vals, and then left to the performance of their
stated tasks, but thinking, miniature men, that
need the stimulus of direct and controlling motives,
8d. To accomplish this end, we must give our
boys a direct interest in the result of their labor,
by allowing them, according to circumstances, a
small or lange proportion ef all the products of
the farm, to be devoted to their own special uses
and pleasures,—to be their own. Prudence and
judgment must determine, on the part of the pa-
rent, whether this proportion is to bea half ora
hundredth, or something intermediate; and, ac-
cording to the disposition of the boy, how these
proceeds are to be spent or invested; but, some-
how, the boy must have a direct interest in the
result of all his labor. Thus situated, his motives
to industry,—to studying the principles of agri-
culture,—to making himself generally usefal and
intelligent in his profession,—will be the same as
“ours, and equally efficient in their operation,
4th. Oar boys must have ready access to the
best agricultural reading. Beautiful and enter-
taining periodicals on farming must be constantly
before them, and their attention frequently called
to whatever may appear wortby of their thought
and reflection.
5th. Our homes must be beautified, and our boys
must assist in making them beautiful. Encourage
them to pian trees, cultivate flowers, gravel the
walks, paint the out-houses—anything, indeed, to
create interest and a love of rural life.
6tb. We must allow ourselves never to feel, and
so express a sentiment of dissatisfaction in refer-
ence to our profession. Gop knows, and so does
every intelligent man, that agrioulture is the only
truly noble profession in existence; the rest, at
best, are but mere incidentals—excrescences that
we tolerate because of necessity, These truths
we must act, and our boys be made to feel.
7th. We must teach them by precept and exam-
ple that intelligence and gentlemanly accomplish-
ments are the cultiyator’s birthright; that the
accomplished agriculturist is the high priest of
Nature, and needs to be initiated into all her mys-
teries; that these are his duty and interest. They
must be educated,—head, heart and hands,
Corunna, Mich., 1859. G. M. Rryworpa,
1st, We m
pression, if it ext
LETTER FROM KANSAS.
compulsio:
r E SUCH Mrextent
that we cannot ford them,) last evening I found a
copy of the Ruran New-Yorsen in the shanty
where Iam stopping, and perused it with great
pleasure, although I saw, but did not read it, be-
fore I left my home in Attica, N.Y. Here Iam,
however, and to improve the time, will send you
some notings of the country, soil, etc.
The one great difficulty in traveling in this
country, especially during the rainy times, is the
bumerous small rivers and creeks, as we have no
bridges, and when those sudden rises happen, we
must hold up till the waters subside. The land-
Scape views here are magnificent beyond descrip-
tion. Any person in Western Now York who has
been on the highest spot in the village of Geneseo,
and looked north-west over the Genesee Valley,
can have some idea of a thousand (even now in the
state of Nature) just such prospects in Kansas,
H No other person can ever approximate to an ap-
i} preciation of the natural beauty of this Territory.
' And the country is good as well as beautiful. I
claim that the «fone in Kansans adds millions to her
value over any prairie country I have ever seen.
So fur as I have been, there is an abundance for
fencing and building purposes, thus supplying the
Scarcity of timber. The stone are mostly lime and
sond-stone, and are found in all localities, but do
not often injure the land for farming purposes.—
Enough of timber and stone can be found on or near
every claim for fencing and building purposes, and
before the present timber is gone, trees of quick
‘Messns. Being hore by
growth may be planted to supply all future de-
mands,
This is one important foature of the
Another is, itis genorally rolling. While
rairie lands in Western Ohio, Indiana,
other Western States, are flat for
great dist nees, those of Kansas are almost in-
yariably rolling, in some instances so much so as
to be called mounds or bluffs. The consequence
is that—the soil being rich and ioose—the rains, no
matter how heavy or long continued, after moisten-
ing the earth, pass off, and do not stagnate and
kill vegetation, So the farmer is sure of his crop
whether itrainor shine. Thisisafeature peculiar
to Kansas which cannot be too highly valued.
SOMETHIN( HORSE OWNERS.
Eps. Runat:—Scarce o man who owns a horse
or uses one, but has been asked the question —
Why are = my horses lame? Echo answers,
why? Lameness is 50 common that we can rarely
see a horse that is not either lame, or stiff and sore.
‘As we pass along the street it is seldom we see a
horse moving freely, or standing with his limbs
and feet in a natural position, but generally find
some with one fore-foot set out as fur as it can be
reached,—others with both thrown forward, mms
some with contracted hoofs favoring their feet, —
some standing tip-toe, with their knees bent for-
ward,— others sprawling like a bear on their pas-
terns,—some with sunken breasts or shrunken
shoulders,—many with cracked hoofs, ridged sur- | of it, =
i Is. it i Powis ir.
faces,—and more with eontanked heels. Tn it is Socomarainésiteticas ghia
rare to see a perfect foot on a horse after he is five | Food for six months... LEORF ALAA NG
years old. s eae ae
Haye you ever examined the foot of your horse? rare Tot SO
Its parts are somewhat complicated, yet their de- $28 00
sign is simple and obvious. The foot is not as it
appears to the careless eye, a mere solid lump of
insensible bone fastened to the leg by a joint, it is
made up of a series of thin layers or leaves of
horn, about five hundred in number, nicely fitted
to each other and forming a lining to the foot it-
self. Then, there are as many more layers belong-
ing to what is called the coffin bone and fitted into
this. These are elastic, Take a quire of paper
and insert the leaves one by one into those of an-
other quire and you will get some idea of the ar-
rangementoftheseseyeral layers. Now the weight
of the horse rests on as many elastic springs as
there are layers in his four feet, and all this is con-
trived not only for the easy conveyance of the
horse’s own body, but of human bodies and what-
ever burdens may be laid upon him, In the first
place the coltis taken in hand to break. The own-
er, perhaps, not a judge of colts, thinks he will
make rather a fancy horse, and he tells the black-
smith that he wants the colt shod forward,—wants
it done in the most scientific style in order to make
his foot look nice, cut the heel down so as to have
a wide heeled shoe, cut away the frog, dress out
the bottom of the foot and “do it up brown”—as
colts should be shod scientifically the first time —
sock the nails home, clinch fast, and dont be afraid
of the rasp. The job finished, the colt looks as if
he could travel, and if there is any trot in him it
must come out,
The question is again asked, What is the cause
of this lameness? I trust reasons may be given
for this. Ihope this may put someon their guard,
and may set others thinking. This is my first at-
tempt, and nothing short of twenty-five years ob-
servance ofthis growingevil would have induced me
to appear in print, and I confidently hopeand trust
the remedy will be given, very much to the benefit
of the horse and his owner.
Horseheads, Chemung Co., N. Y., 1859.
——______+e+____
ABOUT HORSES,
i
Messns. Eprrors:—In the Rurat of April 9th
I noticed a portrai ription of the Black
Hawk horse “Philip Allen,” which was all very
«ell, but when
Wie farusers 0}
ivipgston and adjoining counties
upon this chance to propagate from the best, I
thought it was high time for some man to write
something that would set farmers to thinking that
it possibly might be as well to propagate from a
very different class of horses. Gifford and Black
Hawk Morgan horses have been all the cry here
for the last twelve or thirteen years, and the horses
of Onondaga county, at least, have been fast run-
ing down all this time, I think the colts raised in
this vicinity at the present time do not average
over nine hundred pounds in working condition.
The Morgan colts will not average that. Whatare
such colts worth to farmers? Are they the kind
to turn the stiff soil of old Onondaga or Livings-
ton, or draw the products of said soil to market?
And as for speed, it is all in the papers, or sires,
the colts certainly have no business on the road
with the colts that we used to raise fifteen years
ago, Great judgment should be used in crossing,
but I think for most of our mares the stallion
should be 1634 hands high, well proportioned, and
weigh 14 to 16 hundred pounds. If it takes him 4
Minutes to goa mile over our common roads his
stock will be worth keeping at least, and as for
selling, nine out of ten will sell at three or four
years old at fifty per cent more, Look about the
country; what are our best farm teams? Go into
our cities —what are the best coach horses, or best
selling horses there? Butenough for the first,
South Onondaga, N, Y., 1859. J. W. Pansons.
Rewanks.—Wecheerfully give place to the above,
and shall not now particularly dissent from its
conclusions. Wemay remark, however, that many
of the farmers of Livingston, Monroe, &c., find it
more profitable to breed small than large horses,
as the former are in greater demand and bring
higher prices than the latter. Extra size, weight
and strength are necessary for some purposes, yet
at a time when ‘‘style and speed” are the fashion,
horses which abound in nerve and muscle (and
only weigh from $00 to 1,100 Ibs.,) are the most
profitable to breeders who supply the demand for
rod and carriage horses—and profit is an impor-
tant item with most people. As to the final query
Where J sit is one of those beantiful rolling
Prairie bottoms, surrounded partly by skirts of
timber along the creeks, and partly by mounds or
Bently swelling bluffs. Between these groves and
mounds is spread out as splendid a lawn, fora mile
or two, ns tho eye erer rested upon, tenanted allover
with Yarions kinds of unsurpassingly beautiful
prairie flowers, “born to blush unseen.” Among
the most numerous is the Prairie Pink, resembling,
more than any other, our garden Sweet William,
but ofa much brighter ang showy color. Last night,
at sunset, Was seen this charming spot in all its
gorgeousness. The parting rays of the sun lent a
mellow luster to the scene, which gave a heaven-
like peace to our Weary spirits, and we soon sank
into repose. This seems to mo to he “the land of
the sun,”
“Where tho virgins are fair as the
And all but the spirit of man seems
Respectfully yours, A. S. Stevens,
Valley Precint, Linn Oo., Kansas, 1859,
s
roses they twine,
diving.”
-
——_——————E
of Mr. P., “Go into our cities—what are the best
coach horses, or best selling horses there?’ we
ean answer (so far as this city is concerned,) that
light, Morgan-built horses are preferred for most
purposes, and bring the best prices.
+e. —___
BLACK SPANISH FOWLS.
Eps. Ruravi—Fowls are such pests to gardeners,
if uot kept in their proper place, that I have al-
ways been a great enemy to them. One year ago
last spring, my children got a ent of a few of
the Black Spanish breed, and it was only with
great entreaty that I consented to let them keep
them, and seeing in the Rurau the profits of fowl-
keoping, I thought I would keep an account of
mine. Isolda few last fall for two and three
dollars per pair, and kept twelve. They con-
menced laying when five months old and have con-
tinued laying steadily since, omitting a day in
every six oreight, I kept them warm during the
winter, letting them out on mild days. Their food
‘ing st the time. I co
was principally corn, wl
meal and potatoes coca, and fresh meat two
or three times a week. I commenced keeping ac-
ton the first of January, and from that to the
first of July I got 1,135 eggs from eleven hens—
two of them are half-breeds—the latter brought
out a flock of chickens each, and one I parted with
on thetenth of May. The pure bloods seldom want
to sit dnd sre easily put off, I have one hen, three
years old, that never wanted tosit yet. I have kept
@ regular account of each day’s eggs, and the price
of those not sold, at the rate that eggs were bring-
hare sold more in April
and May than they produced, and even now I can
scarcely getanyto use. I mean tokeep account for
six months longer, and will give a true statement
46 dozen oggs sold at 50c....
Value of eggs used =
1 fowl sol hana 100
2 chickens, half-breed, kalled. 60
11 fowls on hand......... 11 00
Profit for six mon! Sidecsnquneceue REA 238 87
1,185 eggs, or 943¢ doz. at i8c., the average price, 17 00
80 chickens, average price 80c ..... sasnecesses 9
Total—$26 00
Food for six months . . vee 101
Profit mapposing them common fowls. ...
‘Troy, N. Y., 1859,
IMPROVEMENT IN WELL-BUCKETS.
Eps. Rurau:—For some time I have contem-
plated writing concerning what I call an improve-
ment on the well-bucket represented in your
valuable paper. It is this:—Instead of taking the
old bucket, make one out of a board—make it
square, and of the following dimensions :—Twelve
inches long, eight inches at the top, and eleven at
the bottom. This gives a good chance for a large
valve. Put on a heavy hoop at the bottom so as to
sink it readily. Instead of a rag-wheel put ona
break in the shape of a lever —cut a notch in the
said lever to fit on the cylinder, or shaft, that the
rope winds on, and you have the bucket at perfect
control. The lever will be fastened to one corner
of the curb, and at the other end fasten a strap or
chain with a loop so as to slide back and forth to
tighten the lever and hold the bucket at any point
youplease. This is the best fix for lifting water out
of the well that I have ever tried,
Before closing this I must make inquiry of you
Empire citizens, if you can beat or come up to the
size of a Parsmp that I dug the otherday. I had
to get my post-auger to get it out, and did not get
all of it at last, as the bottom was crooked and the
auger cut it to pieces, but what I got measured 414
feet in length, and 151¢ inches around the top.
Wataga, Ill, July, 1859, 8, Gonpaitn,
SOWING WINTER RYE WITH BUCKWHEAT.
Messrs. Eps.:—In a late issue of the Rurat,
I, W. B. inquires what'has been the experience of
sowing Winter Rye with Bu
ery Sta oe. Last peor
of new land from which the wood had recently
been cut; took possession on the 20th of May; grub-
bed, cleared and plowed nineteen acres, and spread
thereon 500 bushels of lime, and sowed fifteen
bushels of buckwheat, fifteen of rye, and two and
a half of clover seed,—harrowed all in together,—
finished about the eighteenth day of July. The
buckwheat and rye both grew finely—an early
frost shortened the buckwheat, though we have
154 bushels of prime grain, 40 bushels of which I
sold at $1,25 for seed—balance made into flour.
The rye made an excellent crop, well grown and
heavily filled. We bad two hundred and thirty
shocks, which I think will average one bushel
each,—the grain is light colored and plump, —we
have threshed a part of it. The clover was a
failure—the new ground, filled with sticks and
roots, was too loose for it to stand dry weather, ex-
cept along the edge of wagon roads, or such places
as were more compact. Soil rather sandy.—Wa.
Parry, Cinnaminson, V J., 7th Mo., 12th, 1859
ee
A FEW WORDS ABOUT BEES,—INQUIRY,
Eps. Runa :—Last winter I kept over twenty-
three swarms, and they all appeared in good con-
dition till nfter the last snow. A few days after
the snow storm I examined them, and to my aston-
ishment I found that three swarms had left for
parts unknown, their hives being full of good,
white comb. I have now got twenty swarms, and
to-day, June 18th, not a hive has swarmed. There
fare quite a number that keep bees about here, and
I have not heard of a single instance of swarming.
Last year my first swarm came the 18th of May,
and they were all done swarming by this time, or
nearly se. I took from fifteen hives last year four
hundred and ten pounds of honey. Now, what
Iam the most anxious to leagn, is how to try out
beeswax. We generally place the comb in a cof-
fee sack, put in a large kettle, and sink it by put-
ting on weights, the wax rising on the top; but
itis always of a very dark color, and not fit for
market, Will some one please give me the desired
mode?—R. Brat, Dansville, W. ¥., 1859.
ee
TURKEY RAISING.
Eps, Rona ;—In your issue of the 25th ult,, “A
Reaver” asks the experience of some person in
raising Turkeys, As I have had some oxperioncayt
in that line I will give it for what it is worth. As
soon as the turkey chickens are hatched I coop
ckswheat? Iwi
porchased a trac!
Rural Spirit of the Press.
Feed the Land and it will Feed you.
Tus Homestead well observes, “the true econ-
omy with land is to treat it as you would alaborer,
from whom you wanted the most work. Let it be
well fed, and there is much less danger of over
feeding, than there is in caso of man or animals. —
No more should be cultivated than can be stuffed
with a full supply of plant food. The sun and at-
mosphere are all ready to give you eighty bushels
of corn to the acre, and it will not cost youa penny
more to draw upon them for the necessary amount
of heat, light, carbon, and moisture to make this
quantity of grain, than to make twenty bushels,
Here is on inexhaustible store-house of riches, and
4 well fed soil is the key to unlock its treasures. —
Give to the soil generously and persistently, and it
will give unto you ‘good measure, pressed down
and running over.’”
Value of Vetches.
A. Wooxrorp, of Canada West, bears the fol-
lowing testimony to the value of vetches, one of the
most profitable forage crops in use in England :—
“Two years ago I imported a small quantity for
trial, and I have pleasure in stating that the ex-
periment has been far beyond my most sanguine
expectations. I have tried it on all kinds of land,
and it has done well on each, but I consider high
land the best. Have sown it ona piece of rocky
land, where there were not over four inches of soil,
and the crop was abundant. I have mowed it
three times in one season (upon common clay land)
for my horses. I havealsocutit once for feed, and
left the second growth for seed, which returned
twenty bushelsper acre, Ishouldalso inform you
that my cattle have been fed upon vetch straw this
winter, and I consider it much superior as fodder,
to any other kind of straw.”
Corn Culture,
Tue New-England Farmer gives the following
as the mode in which more than one hundred
bushels of Indian corn was raised to the acre, in
the State of Maine—the northernmost of all the
States of the Union. “Mr. Wiczarn, of Wilton,
Franklin Co., Me., says, that in 1853 he grew fifty-
five bushels, eight quarts, on half an acre, of mer-
chantable shelled corn, fit for use. It was done
after this manner: a piece of gravelly loam was
selected, and finely plowed ten inches deep, and
manured with six cords of stable manure, in best
condition for use, one-half of which was spread
and covered by the plow; the other half was placed
in the hill. An abundant supply of well-seasoned
seed was dropped, and the surplus plants were
thinned out so as to leave about one plant to each
square footof land. It was carefully cultivated, and
kept entirely clear of grass and weeds.”
Root Crops.--Fodder.
Iv a recent issue of the Maine Farmer, the
editor remarks :—‘ We are glad to see a return to
the culture of roots, ruta bagas, mangel wurtzels
and carrots, among us. Not that they have ever
been wholly abandoned, but the culture of them,
for the last ten years, has fallen off very much.
things. We all know that there is great difference
in the nutritive power of the articles which we
use, not only for our own food, but for the food of
our domestic animals; and we also know, that we,
as well as our animals, are so constituted as to
require this same variety for the continuance of
health ond activity. Keep yourself on one single
article of concentrated food, and you may perhaps
grow fat, but you will also become sick, or languid
and spiritless. Sailors know this. When they get
into situations where they are obliged to liye on
one kind of food, they find their henlth decline
and their strength and vital powers to flag, and
they finally have to ‘give up the ship.’ It is,
therefore, a duty to cultivate a variety of articles
to be used as fodder for our stock, during ourlong
winters. Good hay is the staple crop for this pur-
pose. It is to cattle what bread is to their owner,
the staff of their lives. But roots of different kinds
make an agreeableand profitablevariety. In olden
times, when the potato rot was unknown, the po-
tato, being the easiest raised and preserved, was
much used for cattle food. The potato rot puta
veto on this root as stock food.” °
a. *
Agricultural Matters in Ixansas. ;
Tne Kansas Ohiyf, noting the advantages p
sented to the Kansas sheep-breeder, remarks
“Tt may not be generally known that Kansas is
onb of the best countries known for sheep- ng,
but such it is, as we have been informed by per-
sons acquainted with the subject. As a grazii
country, Kansas is unexcelled. Sheep thrive here
with little care, and can find plenty to feed on,
summer and winter; and therefore their cost
would be comparatively light, With proper at- |
tention to sheep-raising, we believe fortunes might
speedily be amassed. The wool could be sent toa
profitable market, at low rates of freight; or, if
ere entered into upon a scale of
the busines:
great extent, it would no doubt induce the estab-
lishment of manufactories of woolen fabrics at
home.” According to the following statement,
which we find in the Lawrence 2epublican of the
7th inst., some portions of the Territory have
taken an important position in the export of grain.
There is little doubt that very few years will wit-
ness Kansas furnishing its full quota of the cereals
for the sustenance of Wastern consumers. The
Ttepublican says:— One of the largest dealers in
grain in this city estimates that the surplus corn
in this county, shipped from Lawrence this sea-
son, will be nearly 200,000 bushels. The total
them and commence feeding, giving them wheat
bread, soaked, and boilgd potatoes, together with
curd made of lobbered milk, not confining them to
either. Keep them cooped for about a week or ten
days, then let them out when pleasant, cooping
them at night and rainy weather. At this age it
will do to feed them corn meal, but at first, we
consider it bad food ‘them. They will soon
learn to help themselves to insects. In this way
We seldom lose more than one to fifteen or twenty,
as about that proportion are weak and puny, I
consider old turkeys preferable to raise from, as
their young are stronger and need less nursing to
raise them.—H, Browx, North Plains, Mich., 1859.
crop raised in Douglas county last year was from
five to six hundred thousand bushels. That is
doing well for a county that hasbeen under actual
‘cultivation but about two years. Now that our
‘lands are pre-empted and a much larger surface
planted, another year will clear our farmers from
debt, and start them on a career of permanent
prosperity and wealth.” Speaking of present in-
dications as regards growing crops, the same
journal remarks:—“Corn in this county looks
splendid. The weather has been highly favorable
for its growth. Wheat is now being harvested,
and the indications of rust have not materially
damaged it. A fine crop will be gathered. The
prcee for grain in the Territory are generally
rst rate,”
4
iscellany,
Agricultural M1
Prewros or $100 Yor Best Tax Aonss or Wurat!—
In order to encourage the production of Wheat, and
obtain for dissemination reliable information as to the
most successful modes of culturo tn sections whore the
midge prevail ein Weelern and Centra} York
—we hereby offer a Premium of Ose Howp: OLLARS.
for the Best Ten Acres of Winter Wheat rt and
quality considered) grown in this State dari 0 ensu-
{og year, on one contiguous piece of land, being a part
of the farm owned and cultivated by tho competitor,
A sample of the grain, and statement of mode of cult.
vatlon, é&e., (similar to that required by tho N. Y, State
Agricultural Society on Farm Crops,) must be furnished
to D, D. T. Moonn, Rochester, on or before tho Lat day
of October, 1860, by Whom, in conjunction with Gen.
Rawson Harmon of Monroe Co,, Hon, T. 0. Pernes of
Gencace, Joun Jounsron, Esq, of Seneca, and Hon.
Groxox Genprs of Onond: (or other competent and
disinterested persons,) the premium will bo awarded.
Conditions and Statement—The land upon which
the crop is grown must be in one contiguous piece,
Measured with chain and compass, and tho survoyor |
make affidavit to his survey, The applicant and ono
other person who assisted in harvesting and measuring
the crop, must make affidavit of the quantity of grain
raised, and that the crop grown was in the usual course
of cultivation, and must also state the whole qnantity
of land in the plece of which that intended for promtum
isapart The entire crop upon the piece entered for
premium to be harvested and measured.
‘The Statement must embrace also—t. Statement of tho
Previous crop, if any, and how mannred. 2. Tho kind
and condition of the soil, whethor underdrained or nob,
and the location of the farm. 8. The quantity of ma-
Mure on the crop, the manner of its application, the
quantity and kind of seed, and where (in what County
and State) it wasobtained. 4. The time and manner of
sowing, harvesting and cleaning the crop; and the
actual yield by welght and measure, the at et
in grain crops to be used; the market valuo of the crop,
and the place where marketed, if sold. 5. A detailed
account of the expense of cultivation. [Compotitors
are requested to notify us of their intention to compote
previous to the first of April next, so that mombors of
the Committee may, if convenient, see the wheat while
growing. And if those who enter the arena of compe-
titfon will furnish us their mode of cultivation as early
as July or 1st of August, 1860, it will enable us to dis-
seminate valuable information in time to benefit those
who may sow wheat in the autumn of that year.)
Woear Hanvrsr.—The first four days of last week
were very favorable for harvesting, and considerable
wheat was secured previous to the storm of Thursday
night—since which we have had such heavy rains as to
check operations, and now (Tuesday noon) the sky is
overcast, with prospect of more rain. If the wet
weather continues, and prevails at the West, we fear
the wheat harvest will not only be retarded, but more
or less damage caused, Ina large portion of Michigan,
and other sections where the wheat is very fine, the
crop is not yet secured, and much depends upon the
state of the weather, So faras this region is concerned
the wheat crop is as good as we have anticipated and
reported—though not matured for cutting as early a3
we expected, especially white wheat.
Presto Lists,—We observe that
many County istrict Ag. Societies in this and
other States o! early copies of the Ruran New-
Youkes as premiums—several Societies offering from
‘Tre Reade
The Schuyler Co. (Ni Y.) list, Just received, inclades
fome seventy copfes, and offered nearly as many last
year. As we have never made any effort to have the
Rvrat recognized and patronized in this manner, tho
large number of copies being offered by Societies is
specially gratifying,
— To save answering frequent inquiries by letter, we
would state in this connection that the Ruuat is far-
nished to Ag. Societles at the lowest clab rate—$1 25
per yearly copy,
Ap Pains.— A correspondent suggests
that i l,in naming the times and places
of hold: also state who is to deliver the ad-
dress. To prove mpracticability, however, it is only
necessary to remark that our friend informs us, in the
same letter, when and where bis County Fair is to be
held, but is unable to say who will give tho address{
And such Is the fact in most casea—the time and place
of holding the Fair being desiguated, in almost every
instance, months before a speaker is engaged. We
could not now name but two or three spcakers at Fairs
in this State—except our own epgagements, which we
‘are of course too modest to chronicle ! “
WAirtar: oS Con Ourxyaee Reeth ga (ihe Amer,
Farmer, we believe,) says:—“But little is to be said
about the Corn crop, as it is to be hoped the working
is completed. If you must, however, work it in this
month, keep the implement as far off from the corn as
your work will allow, Cultivate alternate rows. That
4s, go over your fleld, leaving every other row untouch-
d, 80 that every Lill of corn will have ils roots on one
side uncut, Then begin again, going through the rows
not worked before; by this time those roots first cut
will have recovered in a measure from the damage
done them.”
|ARoMETERS WANTED.—We Lave occasional inquirie
Telative to Barometers—as to price, Wheré obtuinuble,
‘A letter now before us; from a subscriber in Essex
| Co, wishes to know where ho can get ‘a good, cheap
and accurate barometer.” We have ayery good tnatru-
mentmade by J. Kenpatt, of New Lebanon, N. ¥,, who
is considered one of the best manufacturers in this
country. No doubt Mr. K. will furnish particulars as
to price, &c., on application, and we refer those inter-
ested to him for such information,
“a
i
Goop Porators.—We are indebted to Hon. A. B.
Dioxtnsoy, of Hornby, Steuben Co, for a barrel of
Bermuda potatoes—a sample of last crop of about
twelve thousand bushels, They are much better than
we expected—a fine, mealy table potato—good onough
for the best folk (like editors!) and far better than nine-
tenths of our oily people can obtain at this season.
‘Thanks to the Baron—and our regrets that grasshop-
pers lessened his crop nearly one half.
Omo Wueat Cror,—The Secretary of the Ohio
Board of Agriculture has visited the wheat growing
counties of that State, and concludes that the loss Crom
all causes Will be about 9,000,000 bushels, while the
whole crop will excced thirty milllons—three more than
in any previous year.
ouroan. —Our letters and exchanges
k in the most encouraging terms of the crop pros
oe ster The frost caused but little damage.
Wheat is remarkably good, While corn and potatoes are
Crora my Mr
very promising»
Oxranro Co. Ao. Socrety.—The Fair of this Society
a to be held on the fine Groundsin Canandaigas, Sepe
esi, 29th and 80th. The Regulations, Premiums, Key
are of the usual progressive and liberal character of
the Ontario Society.
|
have been enduring o
al length and severity.
its effects ver rely, and
perly cared for, we fear
y Have we seen withering and
rking ap of the soil, a few pail
ed by a mulching of refuse stofl
d. It is strange that people will
ypend their money for ¢rees and allow them to die
before their eyes without an effort to sare them.
The dry weather affected the VecrTan.e Garver
very materially. The peas ripened up without
iving half o crop, and the early potatoes are few
and small, Corn can endure o great amount of
“heat and dry weather if the ground is kept mellow.
Ind, tirring the soil is the greatest protection
against evil effects from drouth. A good hoeing
among the garden vegetables or what is better, a
Sorking is «8 good a3 ashower. This itis pretty
hard to make people believe, but whoever tries it
will be satisfied of its truth. Within the few days
tt we have been blessed with copious showers,
and all natore is revived.
Many varieties of Cherries are still on the trees.
Ourrants and Gooseberries are ripening, as are the
Rasprerrics, On these stall fruits we shall give a
chapter after a little further opportunity for exam-
ination. In the Frower Ganven the Phlores and
other Herbaceous Plants, are now the most attrac-
tive. Next weck wo will describe the principal
varieties in flower.
VINE CULTURE AT HAMMONDSPORT.
ape at Hammondsport to-day, and waiting
for the shower to pass, a sensible man who bad the
Ronat, lent it to me to read for the time being. It
seemed very much like shaking hands with an old
friend to take hold of the old familiar sheet.
It’s a beautiful drive from Bath, and the best corn
I bave seen was along the route, several fields
being in ¢asee/, and some showing silk, The wheat
along the hillsides looked beautiful. It will not be
harvested till) next week, (the 18th and later.)
Other crops, except grass, are looking very well.
But what most stra my fancy, is the tendency
to vineyards among the farmers on the north side
of the valley, The hills rise rather abruptly to
quite a distance, and are being rapidly converted
to vineyards, The attempt to raise grapes in this
region bas been very successful, and it will be but
a few years before they can sing or talk of their
“‘yine-clad bills.” They are not, as a general
‘in the prepara-
ourse, succeed aw
well as they ought or might with a very little more
Aabor in tho start, Instead of planting in rows up
and down the hill, they should trench them into
borders or terraces about § feet wide, running
round the bill. The fruit willripen much better,
for no part of one row Will shade the other; be-
sides it will prevent washing, otherwise o serious
difficulty upon these steep hills.
The land already appropriated to the vine in the
towns of Urbana and Pultney would be quite an
item even now, Ultimately all the ayailable land
will be used for that purpose, and will add largely
to the wealth of these towns. It will be but a few
years before the domestic wines will entirely su-
peraede the foreign article. Pie-plant, currant and
grape vines can be produced to an unlimited ex-
tent—as soon as it will pay.—p.
ree.
MAMMOTH RHUBARB,
Massns. Ens. :—Col, J. F. Moros, of our village
to-day, nted me with a stalk ond leaf of rhu-
barb, grown by hinself,—which would throw
Mansn’s entirely into the shade, especially if placed
over it,—the dimensions and weight ¢f which
are as follows :— Length of stem, 2834 inches, cir-
cumference, 64 inches; weight of stem, 15{ Ibs. ;
weight of stem and leaf, 3 lbs. 11 oz.; length of
lenf, 4 fect; width of same, 3 feet 9 inches; circum-
foronce, 244 fect.—D. M. Nortoy, Akvon, Erie
Ce., N. ¥., June 24, 185:
“Lanoe Ruvvans.—Having noticed an article in
your valuable paper headed Large Stalk of Victoria
Rhubarb, and asking all to beat it, and as a neigh-
bor of mine, Mr. ©. A. Dutrox, has fairly done it,
I will give you the dimensions. The length of
stalk, exclusive of the leaf, was 26 inches; largest
circomference, 7 inches, and weight, 2 pounds and
11 onnces, which exceeds the weight of Mr. Fircn's
by eleven ounces, leaf and stalk together. Dut, as
we consider the stalk the most valuable part, we
have made no account of the leaf. wever, I
don’t see how Mr, Mansi gets so large a circum-
ference of the leaf to so small a diameter. Iam
Sure it can’t be by geometry, or else he has taken
One more lesson than I have, Perhaps he can
explain it, However, I think he will have to try
again, — Gro, Towssexn, Elma, Erie Co. N. ¥.,
July, 859.
a 2 ae ri Mansi, speaking of
r wi eighed fifteen ounces,
en whocan.” My neighbor, H. Hayter,
P talk into our village market
small scales, one pound and eleven
ofleaf, He has more nearly as large,
Ox, Mareeus, N. ¥., June, 1859,
o-
AND Quack Gnass.—(0
ley C. W., and others.) —
| You describe is the wire-worm. Enough salt to
Kill them would destroy the ts. If ad
ind
THE SCALE INSECTS) '
i
fre
Owe of our subscribers brought us a walt of prove a species ofDorthesia Bose, the Cionops of
the Flowering Currant, covered with scales, as
shown in the engraving. On examining these
scales through a glass we found they covered mass-
es of transparent eggs, attached together like clus-
ters of grapes. These we sent to our attentive
correspondent, Jacon Sraurrer, of Lancaster, Pa.,
who with his usual courtesy and promptness fur-
nishes us the following interesting article.
Dean Runav;:—Yours with the enclosed twigs
of a gooseberry bush, (as I judged,) covered with
small brown excrescences, or ‘‘scales covering
masses of transparent eggs,” as you state, are the
remains of the female scale insects—a species of
Coccida, an order embracing several genera and
numerous species.
The cocci are a prolificrace, and like the aphides,
or plant-lice, are & source of yexation and annoy-
ance to the horticulturist and arboriculturist.
They baye become so common that almost every
nursery is infested with one species or another.
These insects vary much in form and habit, and
seem remarkably discriminate in their choice of
food, almost every species being peculiar to some
particular plant, so that they usually bear the
name of the plant they feed on; for instance, the
coccus cacti, found on the cactus opuntia, or prick-
ly pear tree, in South America, produces the
commercial cochineal, and with several other
species, used for their coloring matter, are cul-
tivated by certain attention to the breeding of
these insects, ¥ = i
A dark colored fluid often exudes some
species common with us, and perbaps at the
proper season, treated as the cochineal insect is, |
they might prove a good substitute. I would call
attention in that direction.
There is this singular fact that many of these
insects, when fully matured, become more and
more inporfect, losing all traces of articulations
in the body as well as of the limbs, becoming, in
fact, inert, and fixed masses of animal matter,
motionless, and eventually a dry, senseless scale,
under which, however, the numerous eggs are
hatched and sheltered until they venture forth to
soy végstollun, wud Ti Bgeee OSL Me ae
sence-like carcass over a fresh brood.
he males are much smaller and more active
than the females, Fig. 1and 2 from, beneath one
of these scales sent me, are highly magnified—fig.
8, a view of the twig with its scaly granulations
uponit, 4, an enlarged scale.
The females have a three-jointed promuscis, ap-
parently arising from the breast, capable of being
greatly extended, which they insert into the bark,
&c., of plants—the males appear to be destitute of
of a mouth of any kind, become winged and fly
about. When at rest their single pair of wings
sre carried horizontally—one covering the other,
Fig. 5 and 5—1 illustrates the Psevdo coccus, male
insect, much like the ec. cacti. Several species of
birds, such as the chic-a-dee and wren, prey upon
them. A minute Jchnewmonous fly also oviposits
into the female cocci, for a nidus, and thereby
many are destroyed, and a check put upon their
excessive increase.
Where these insects once gain possession of a
plant or young tree, its disfiguration and death is
almost certain, through austion, by the myriads
of this class of minute vermin, and requires
prompt and energetic action, otherwise it is next
to impossible to exterminate them.
The recipe of Mr. Harris is perhaps the best,
which is to make a wash composed of cight parts
of water, two of soft-soap, with quick-lime enough
added to bring it to the consistency of a thick
white-wash. This ought to be laid on early in
June, when the insects are young and tender,
4 brush covering the surface of the branches and
filling the cracks with it.
The apple tree bark-louse noticed in your issue
of July 9th, (vol. 10, No. 23,) I judge is similar to
the cocous conchi formis of Goxeiix. Fig. 9
represents some that I found on an apple tree,
beautifully striated, covering numerous oval eggs,
9—1 is a section showing a lower ridge. Fig, 3 is
aspecies found on the lilac, of a drab color, and
oyalshape. In last year’s Runat, vol. 9., p. 231,
(No, 29, July 7,) you figure the vine scale insect,
Fig. 6 is the coceus vitis, as I have seen it repre-
sented, and is a different species. Fig.7is a beau-
tiful pearly species, checkered with radiating dark
spots, (7—1, the underside and posterior end turn-
ed up,) which I found on a grape leaf—a single
specimen only—and may belong to a different
genus, Fig. 10 is taken from a branch of maple
(Acre Dasycarpum Witp,) an ornamental tree on
the S. W. corner of South Queen street, in this
city, giving the tree @ very unsightly aspect, and
will evidently be its destruction, if Rgthing is done,
speedily,
This latter belongs to the wooly tribe o le
insects. Their eggs are so numerou oaiilie.
ies are insufficient te cov
have the faculty of emitting eae :
igth | ment, of a viscid consistency, capable of being
ere
drawn ont into the finest cobweb-like threads, of a
Pearly whiteness, The embedded eggs are ex-
penelr numerous and of an oval shape. My
iend, eB Ratuvoy, wrote an account of this
Species ie Farm Journal, for 1854, and pro-
posed to call it coccus Annumurabiils,. It may
Leace. I have my some close at hand, on
the maple referred to, shall become bette:
quainted with this insect, as to its transformation,
before long. Much more might be said on thi:
subject, but this is already sufficiently lengthy.
Ever ready to respond, I am very truly yours,
Lancaster, Pa., 1859. Jacon STAUFRER.
. eS Ses *
_ DISEASED PEAR TREES.
Messrs. Eprrons :—In reading (in your paper of
Saturday last) the very interesting and instructive
proceedings of the Fruit Growers’ Society of West-
ern New York, 1 find that D, ex, and other
members of said Society hay: n troubled with
“a mysterious disease afflicting their pear trees.”
Haying for a number of years noticed the differ-
ent phases of said disease, and tried various reme-
dies therefor, I have by the merest accident
discovered a certain remedy. It is this:—Care-}
fully examine both body end limbs of your trees,
and with a sharp knife as carefully remove the
outer bark of the diseased parts, leaying only the
fresh inner bark, with but & small portion, if any,
of the outer bark remaining thereon, The second
or third day thereafter, give the body and limbs a
thorough coating of soft soap. Do this in the
summer months.
I have never positively ascertained the cause of
the disease; yet from having seen the tracks, but
not the worm itself, I believe it to be caused by a
yery small worm, the egg from which it is pro-
duced having been deposited in the outer bark, by
some insect at present unknown to fruit growers.
In its first stages the disease discovers itself by
brown or purplish specks showing through the
clear and otherwise healthy outer bark.
T have tried the above remedy two summers pre-
yious to the present,and with decided success in
every instance. Geo. C. Beecuer,
Livonia, N: ¥., 1859.
American Brack Raspnerny.—The finest quart
of Raspberries we have thus far seen the present
season is one of the 4menican Black, presented us
by Aba aninuns, Willy tihgtighing ARTE eewry <=
market, near Rochester. Mr A. thinks they will
prove more profitable than any other sort; for,
although injured by tha)June frosts they are yield-
ing a good crop. The specimens sent us were the
largest we have ever seen, as large as Antwerps are
usually grown.
—A fine basket of the same sort came to hand
just as we were going to press, from H. H. Doourr-
tie, of Oaks Corners, Ontario County. Mr. D.
has made a speialty of this fruit, and his system
of propagating and managing the plants was given
in the Rurar of March Sth. Though far inferior
in quality to the Antwerps, Brinckle's Orange, ete.,
the finess and productiyeness of the plants,
and the firmness of the berries, makes the Ameri-
can Black Raspberry very popular and profitable
as a market fruit, t
—$—$—__+o+—_____
Pie-Piant Wixe.—Some time since we received
from the Oneida Community several bottles of wine,
madefrom pie-plant, the native grape, and currants.
The labels on the bottles did not correspond with
the description given in a note accompanying
them, so that we were not able to report as we
would have done, One bottle of the pie-plant wine
hada strong sherry flayor, and it seemed fully
equal to any offer domestic wines. We hope the
time is not far distant, when not a single bottle of
wineor spirits will be imported. We haye soil
enough, and can raise fruit enough to make all the
wines, and cordials, and syrups we 4 There
is no use of spending our moncy ior foreign
mixtures, a by -
UNION § TREE ASSOCIATION.
Tur beauty of a village, as every person of taste
isaware, does not depend on its showy buildings so
much as on its shady trees. Any place properly
ornamented trees is handsome; without them
the most costly architectureis bare and unattractive,
The citizens of Union Springs, a thriving village on
the banks of Cayuga Lake, resolving to profit by
these truths, formed an Association, with the fol-
fowing regulations in substance:—Each member
pays an admission fee of one dollar, which is ap-
plied in procuring and setting out trees in such
places as the owners are unable or unwilling to
plant—any additional sum from amember is ex-
pended in planting trees, at cost, along his own
rounds or where be may direct, _
F The admission fee of the Associat amounted
in the first place to some forty or fifty dollars—a
part of which was from day laborers to be expended
in work, The executive committee, after explor-
ing the adjacent coun! found a fine natural
nursery of maples and other native trees, which
they secured at five dollars per hundred. The:
were dug with the roots, ifthe Toots are commonly
cut off i b and several teams were dis-
wer six hundred trees have
st, and have been
of them grow
the market yalue of
the lots they n, at Teast ten times the amount
of the expenditure. This may not be the best
mode, in every particular, of accomplishing so de-
sirable an object; but it may furnish hints for an
improved eres of proceeding in other places. It
ill be perceived that in all such cases, cattle must
be excluded from the streets.— Country Gentleman.
>
Anguiries and Answers,
site Fim axp Decrpvovs Crrams—Can you in-
form me through the Rurat as to the hardiness of the
Scotch Fir and Deciduous Cypress ?—A Scnscxine,
Born are hardy here. =.
Sop Layp ror Staawsrenrs— Will you, or some
one who bas bad expericnce, please Inform me and the
many readers of the Runat the best method of prepar-
ing sod ground for strawberries? Should the sod be
removed entirely, or spaded under, if the latter, would
Mmapuring, precious to belng spaded, be beneficial?
The is a sandy loam, and partly shaded by forest
trees. —T. H. Toonse, Ypeilanti, Mich, 1859.
Spape the turf under deep. Work the manure
into the soil while digging, so as to have it well
fale This is better than burying it at the bot-
, OF spreading it on the surface. If partly
shaded with forest trees, we fear the roots will so
“draw” upon the soil as to injure the strawberry
crop. »
‘Toe one IN oA, AXD THE RumAL iy Evrora.
—Permit me to inquire through the columns of your
paper whether Crocus roots'will bear being left in the
ground all winter, or whether they must be dog up and
‘ap amar every fall like the Gladiolus, &o? You may
perbaps like to know what is thought of your paper on
the other side of tho Atlas ‘Last week I bad a letter
from my respected mother. When answering some
queries relative your paper, she snys:—" We get the
Rvpat regularly every week. It ts the best got up pa-
per in every way I have seen from America.—J. HL. J.,
Starkey, Yates Co., N. ¥iy 1859s,
Crocus bulbs, if taken up after the tops have
died, must bere-planted in the Autumn. Itis best
to allow them to remain in the same bed about
three years, then take up and re-plant, or they
willbecome too thick and the ground impoverished,
7 z
7 Cuurvior Swaxr Faurm—Considoring the
fail of the peach, plum, and partially the cherry,
should not the small fraits receive more attention?
They are quite free from diseases and insects so far,
give quick returns, and for a ad succession of
sumuy it, What can we desire better than the lm-
prov inds of strawberries, raspberries, and black-
berries offer? With the aid of sealed cans, or b
we can prolong their duration, and increase our estima-
tion of their good qualities. Now, will you, or some
one who haa experience in the matter, give us practical
directions about their fold culture, particularly rasp-
berries and blackberries? How far apart should the
rows or hills be, what varieties should be most depend-
ed upon, and would the Red Antwerp raspberry answor
very well without protection in winter in this climate?
Would it not be well to plant in rows to facilitate a
succession of new plants before taking up the old ones?
And, lastly, bas any one experience in putting them up
In bottles or cans for sale?
A word about those Farm und Books of Fowusn
& Weurs. I confess I rather thoughtlessly practiced
the author's suggestion, “putting a mound of ashes
aroun ple trees as a preventive of the borer.” I
think the author must be a believer in the strongest
ea of allopathy, and by way of retaliation, id
like to have him take his own physic, for, judging from
effects, the remedy is worse than the dfscase,—H. V.,
Seneca Co., N. ¥., 1859. -
Waite Teaving these inquiries to be answered,
in the main, by our readers, we will give a few
facts. Raspberries and strawberries are too ten-
der and perishable to sbip a great distance to
near a good market cannot put Sf titalet ,
more profitable use than in growing these fruits.
Generally, the Red Antwerp would not be injured
in this section by the winters, though occasionally
the canes are more or less killed. Large growers
for market, even around New York city, find it
more profitable to lay down the canes in the fall,
and cover them with a little earth. The growth
in the spring is more vigorous, the crop better,
and perfect safety secured against an unfavorable
winter. The Dorchester, or High Bush, and the
New Rochelle are the two best varieties of black-
berries. Which would proye best for field culture
we cannot say. Wewould planta portion of each.
The currant is a most profitable crop when well
grown, Our people don’t begin to know thevalue
of this fruit. The currants sold in our markets
are poor things, grown without care or culture,
and are not prized, nor do they deserve to be.
For the last two seasons the Egcecbagecserpillay
has been exceedingly destructive to the curran'
here, destroying not only the fruit, but in many
cases the plants. The raspberry may be planted
for field culture 8 or 31¢ feet each way, so as to
admit horse culture both ways, or 2 feet apart in
the rows, and the rows 3 or 334 feet apart. A lit-
tle wider planting is necessary for the blackberry,
as it makes a larger growth. Some cultivators
set raspberries as wide as five or six fect apart
and three plants toeach hill. Nothing keeps bet-
ter than the currant in cans or jars, and in the
winter no fruit is moredelicious. The strawberry
and raspberry do not keep as well; they lose both
color and flavor, This is our experience.
———————+e+—___
Wasu to Destroy Insgcts.—In the Journal of
the Horticultural Society of Paris, it is stated that
anexcellent wash for destroying insects is made
by boiling 19{ pints of water, 62 grains of red
American potash, and the same number of sul-
phur, and the same of soap. If it is necessary to
make it stronger, double the quantity of sulphur
and of potash, leaving the soap the same, Immer-
sion for a second kills ants, large caterpillars, and
cockchaffer grubs. The solution does no harm to
plants. This is important, if true, and it can be
easily tested. The large white grub of the Cock-
chaffer, or a8 it is commonly called here, the May-
Bug, has been doing a good deal of mischief the
last two or three years, particularly to strawberry
beds, by destroying the roots. Specimens have
been sent us from various sources this summer,
and we have heard much complaint and seen many
Dean RURAR==As it is throngh your agency
that we are ee S80 many valuable recipes,
I think it but right to acknowledge your benefits
in striving to improve and add to the interest of
this department, by contributing my “mite” occa-
sionally, so please accept the followin, r all
those who are fond of preparing good things :
Frep Brersteax.—Take a nice, teak,
which is about an inch thick, lay it evenly in o
frying-pan, over a quick fire; add salt little
boiling water; cover it close and boil twenty
minutes; then add a large piece of butter, and fry
both sides until done. Take on toa bot platter,
sift pepper over, pour on the grat
This is superior to broiled steak, as it re!
flavor more perfectly, and is much tenderer.
Fricaseep Tunkey.—Cut up a small turkey and
rinse in cold water; put itinto a stew-pan, with
but little water, If the water boils out before the
meat is tender, add more. It should be covered
closely, and boiled gently until done. Skim off
the scum as it rises, and when tender, add 1¢ of a
Ib. of butter, a large teaspoon of salt, and half
one of pepper. When the butter is melted, dredge
in a tablespoon of flour, or rolled crackers, and
brown nicely. Turn the pieces, that they may
ave a fine color, then take them up, putacup of
boiling water into the gravy, then strain {t over
the turkey and serve.
Sarap Dressixo.—One cup good cider vinegar,
8 teaspoon of oil, one of made mustard, o sait-
spoon of salt, and the yolk of a hard boiled egg
rubbed fine; pour over the salad, and send to the
table. *
Barren Poppixe,—Fire e be ten lights one
quart of sweet milk and on flour. Bake ten
minutes without a crust, and eat it hot, with butter
sugar for sauce,
Lewon Pre.—The yolks of four eggs well ‘a $
three tablespoons brown sugar; one of water, and
the grated rind and pulp, cut fine, of one lemon.
Line a plate with rich pie paste, pour in the mix-
ture, and bake till done. Beat the whites of four
eggs light, with four spoonsful of double refined
white sugar, pour upon the top of the pie, and
bake three minutes longer, and you will havea
truly delicious pie—Cona W., Lima, N. Y., 1859.
i —
STRAWBERRY SHORT CAKE.
> —s
:—Herewith please find a recipe for
short cake, in answer t airy
ted
‘ish
to promote his happiness as far
concerned, I can make one as nice as the next
One, and if Jie makes it as I write the recipe, I can
gups of cream; 2 of buttermie9%,, TO48;, To
which dissolve one teaspoon of soda; a little
shortening and salt. Thisis the cake. Hull your
berries, dissolve sugar in cream, and pour upon
them. Wat it, and I guess you will not wish for
‘anything better.—Moruie Prace, Grove Hill, N
‘
x” 1859. -
s . = ” wishes a recipe for strawberry
short cake, and calls upon some of the Manraasto
favor him. Unfortunately I do not happen to bear
that name, copsequently I suppose that my recipe
will be unappreciated ; yet, perhaps, there is some
one (with whom Lizzie is a favorite name,) that
may have the benefit of it, so I will send it for in-
sertion, Make a cake the same as for soda biscuit,
and bake it whole, Having previously prepared
your berries with rich, sweet cream, and sugar,
part the cake while warm, butter it on both sides,
lay on the berries and put together, and serve
warm,—Lizzie, July 9th, 1869. a
A BATCH OF CAKES.
Here are several recipes, which I hope will
prove serviceable to some of the many readers of
the Runat, I have tried them, and 1 know them
to begood.
Rarroap Caxe.—One cup full of flour; 1 do. of
sugar; 4 eggs; 1 teaspoonful cream tartar; 4 of
soda.
Mountain Caxe—0'
flour; +4 lb. of butt
milk; 1 teaspoon of
added with the juice.
Juxxy Lixo Caxe.—One cup of butter; 2 of
sugar; 5 of flour; whites of ten eggs; 34 cup of
sweet milk; 2 teaspoons cream tartar; 1 of soda.
Tea Caxe.—Two cups of sugar; 0 tablespoon-
fals of melted butter; 13¢ cups of sweet mille; 2
teaspoonfuls of cream tartar; 1 of soda; 1 quart
of flour; grated peel of # lemon.—Veniras, Oherry
Vale, Pu.
six 4 New Stvte.—The Harrisburgh
ae soys:— As the tomato season will
soon be here, the following method of preparing
them for the table, we are assured by one who has
made the experiment, is superior to anything yet
discovered for the preparation of that excellent
article>—Take good ripe tomatoes, cut them in
slices, ond sprinkle over them finely pulveriezd
ine Jb. of sugar; 1 Ib. of
5 eggs; 1 teacup of sour
oda ; a lemon grated, and —
beds almost ruined. The potatoes, too, they have
attacked most voraciously. Last summer we @8-
Y | sisted H. N. Laxcworrny in killing about twenty
in one hill of potatoes, the tubers being almost
entirely eaten up by them.
Cuenntes.—The cherry crop has been much bet-
ter here this season than for mapy years previous ;
indeed, most abundant. To many of our ay
are we indebted for fine specimens—among others,
‘Avexaxpen W11s08, for @ fine basket of Eltons,
to Axson Anxoup for Elton and Yellow Spanish,
and to Hexry Bett for fine Yellow Spanish.
white sugar, then add claret wine sufficient to
cover them, Tomatoes are sometimes prepared
in this way with diluted vinegar, but the claret
wine imparts to them a richer and more pleasant
flavor, more nearly resembling the strawberry
than anything else.”
Pickuixa Berr.—We would like to know the
best way to pickle beef, and how, if there is any
way to keep beef good more than one year. Per-
haps some of your correspondents on tell vs. —S.
W. Bispex, Westfield, Chav. C0-» ™. ¥., 1859.
short cakes are
i
4
Lay the babe upon my bosom, let me foel bis sweet,
warm breath, é
For a strange chill o'er mo pasaes, and I know that itis
denth,
Twould gazo upon the treasure, scarcely given ere I
i=
Sock bis rosy dimpled flogers wander o'er my cheek of
snow.
Tam passing through the waters, but a blessed shore
appears;—
Kneel beside me, husbai
thy tears.
Wrestle with thy grief, as
until day; cake
It may Jeave ay blessing when it vanishes away,
the babe upon my bosom, ‘tis not long he can be
Tr, rs
Bee! how to my heart he nestles,- "tis the pearl T love
roar;
Geko afarVlara beside theo, sits anther in
volce be sweeter music, and my face
Teas fair;
|, dearest, [ct me kiss away
Jacdb strove from midnight
obair,
hers
If a cherub oall theo father, far more beautiful than this,
Love thy first-born, oh, my husband, turn not from the
> motherle:
Tell him sometimes of his mother,—you will call him
_ by thy name,—
Shield him from the wilds of sorrow,—if he errs, ob,
‘Bently blame,
Lead him sometimes whore I'm sleeping, I will answer
if he calls,
And my breath will stir bis ringlets, when my voice, in
blessing, falls,
» His soft blac eyes will brighten with a wonder whence
itcame,—
In his heart, when years pass o'er, he will find his
mother’s name,
~ Ttis said that .* ortal walks between two angels
b ~
‘One re the Ill, but blots it, if, before the midnight
droar, rs
Man repenteth; if uncancell'd, then he seals it for the
skies, .
And the right hand angel weepeth, bowing low with
veiled eyes, :
I will bo his right hand angel, sealing up the good for
Heaven,
Striving that the midnight watches find nomisdeed un-
forgiven,
You will not forgot me, darling, when I'm sleeping
*neath the sod? . «
Love the babe opon my bosom, as I loy thee, —next'to
God. Cw
wl ‘
o :
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
Plain Talks to American Women.--No. 15.
HY MRS. M. P. A. CROZIER,
Employments and Amusements of Children,
To what extent shall children participate in so-
i # Jn an age when childrens’ partied |
pia
lie folly of fashion, for displ,
_ in the ball-roo)
puffed up with vi it the flatteries and atten-
tion they receives,—this is’ a serious inquiry.—
Children are social beings— it Will not do to de-|
prive them of the companionship of those of their |
Own age, How, often, and wnder what circum-
stanees may their passion for society be indulged?
As often, We may say, as is consistent the
development of a stable character, and always un-
der circumstances of the purest morality, and the
Sweetest simplicity. The natural artlessness of
childhood should not be superseded by pride and
affectation; its baslifulness should be guarded with
the vigilance with which one would guard the
costliest pearls.
» It is not our opinion that it is wise for the
ristian mother to permit her sons and daughters
of from eight to fourteon years of age, to contract
the Habit of attending “parties,” as they are call-
ed, and commonly conducted. Let her spend but
Ong evening at such a gathering of children her-
self, and it would seem that she could scarcely fuil
to be convinced of thoir unhappy tendency—un-
happy, as destructive of that bashfulness and sim-
Plicity of which we have spoken,—unhappy, be-
cause of their tendency to dissipation, to draw the
mind from more noble and intellectual employ-
ment, and to blunt the moral sensibilities, he
recreations frequently indulged in, while exciting
in a high degree, are such as must shock the na-
tive modesty of purity.
‘Dadorthe direction of moutilstentul, Christian
ges Titi neighborhood gatherings —gath
ings where ¢ poor may be equally welcome with
the rich, the ragged with the finely clad, Where no
pride of aristocracy intrudes—with such an one
to control, one who is interested in promoting the
happiness of children, an occasional evening spent
4s children unspoiled by fashion love to spend
them, in hearing stories, telling riddles, playing at
“blind man’s buffy” “hide-and-seek,” and such
like innocent games, eating a ples, and cracking
nuts, may be as real sunshine to the glad hearts of
childhood. Then those royal seasons, the winter
holidays, Thanksgiving, Christmas, New-Years,
and the birthday of Wasurxaros, they may be en-
Joyed surely, to thoir fullest extent.
We do not like the tendency of thi pass
so lightly over these time-honored institu It
is pleasant to think of the olden time, whe! =
f enjoy-
festive days brought so great
‘chat t Coat pee ‘at an amount of
ing” still the great
the grandsire of
triarch among his descendants
his presence, and receiv »Dlessing them with
due to his gray hairs and
would have Thanksgiv-
family-gathering day, when
—when little cousins should Bc ahead
tions, and pour out their glee aroung the ample
old fire-place,—when all the new babies should be
brought home for the loving eyes of the dear olq
grandmother to look upon. We would hays the
“Merry Christmas” ever ring out as heartily as
4 friend, a little carriage, a wheel-
yhien their little hearts become |
MOO
of old, and the “Christmas Tree” bend its laden
branches—laden with the lore-giftsof each child to
every member of the fumily—in the brigh illa-
minated parlor. would have the New Year
ushered in with shouts of happiness, and its frosty
air melodious with the ringing of the sleigh-belis,
and the soft hum of children gathered cosily under
buffalo robes and warm blankets, in the bottom of
the family sleigh. Yes, these seasons should bring
social gladness to our childrens’ hearts —even
drive the care from our own brows, and make us
oung again. *
x nye kare not spoken of the Fourth of Ji this,
our nation’s holiday, the child of its bravely-won
independence, should be forever'eonsecrated to the
Spirit of Liberty. Let our children, in the name
of Freedom, lift their tiny star-spangled banners to
the kiss of the breeze, and in such an hour, when
their young hearts are patriotic to ona, tell
them of the eclipse upon the escutcheon of their
country’s glory, and bid them pray the God of Lib-
erty that it may pass. 4
Family birthday anniversaries, too, we would
it they might occupy 4 more prominent place in
iestecate than is usual—might be remembered,
and in some pleasant way celebrated, becoming
little love-links in the chain of time. How pleas-
ant to see each child anticipating the birthdays of
papa and mama, or the loved brothers and sisters,
and striving to prepare some delicate gift for their
acceptance, How will these mementoes of affec-
tion be valued, especially if the work of thé giver!
We would say a few words with regard to the
purchase of gifts for children. Let them generally
be something of permanent value, something that
the child can use, or that will afford a pleasure be-
yond the charm of novelty. A book, a picture, a
spy-glass, a microscope, the daguerreotype of some
rrow, a box of
paints, a set of drawing-cards, specimens illustra-
tive of natural history —how many such things
might be selected that would be of real use and in-
terest to the child, and afford delight to the whole
family! And with regard to the last item named—
it is a very pleasant employment for the young to
collect such specimens for a home cabinet. How
many hours baye we spent in wandering along the |
brook and in other localities, searching among the
gravel for curiosities,—how much pleasant time
in preparing flowers for our herbarium! Were
all the children of every large family interested in
this work, what fine cabinets might we behold in
private drawing-rooms, and how large an amount
of information would be treasured up by the col-
lectors! One child, whose favorite science was
botany, might bring a store of rich treasures from
the field and the forest; another, preferring min-
eralogy, might levy tribute upon the*rocks aad the
mountains; a third, in love with the bright-tinted
shells of the sea and lake shores, might gather the
gifts of the blue waves; and still another, rejoicing
in the varied forms of animated existence, add to
the store-house stuffed birds, dried insects, &c. ~
How strong will become the attachment of child-
ren to homes thus adorned by their own industry !
And if each child should be permitted to acquire a
knowledge of some ornamental art, how greatly
and how cheaply could this adornment be extend-
ed! One, perhaps, learns the art of drawing—in-
deed, every child ‘
mplishment mere ly, but as a nse-
ful one—another painting, and the walls of the
sitting-room are bright with pi is dia” maps
executed by young artists; another learns em-
broidery, and papa’s slippers, mama’s pin-cushions,
the ottomans and window-curtains of the parlor
are traced with lovely, ideal creations. Need we
Say that a home thus rendered attractive by its in-
mates, and made so because of their interest in it
as home, will be the dwelling-place of loving
hearts? Would it not seem strange, almost anom-
alous, to hear in such a place the harsh accents of
unkindness? ’
Another subject % ich, perhaps, we may as
well refer here os anywhere, is the cultivation of
house plants. How greatly they may add tothe
attractiveness of the family living-room! Thongh
thesnow may be driving around the house, and
thefts become gracefully draped in the pure
robes it brings, there is summer within, for there
are flowers there —and if sweet birds are singing
there also, it is all the more delightful. From
what we can learn, aquariums ar@ also adapted to
afford great pleasure in the family circle, “But,”
says one, perhaps, “these things require so much |
care.” Grant that they do require care, will not
the gratification they bring, the refinement they
give to the joys of home, amply repay? Let each
child have the charge of a particular department
—let the business of one be to take care of the
birds, another of the flowers, and so on, and the
advantage it will be to them in cultivating thought-
fulness, and in acquainting them with the habits
of plants and animals, will be a still further com-
pensation for the small amount of attention re-
quired. And here we would add, let each child
haveits pets. It will tend to cultivate that kind-
liness of disposition which every mother should
desire to see developed in her children, Let the
little ones love their birds, their lambs, their kit-
tens, their ponies—they will love you none the
less for this affection, rather the more, ifa general
family interest is taken in the pets of each. How
many ways there are to make children happy !|—
One family may not be able to adopt them all, but
each may find something adapted to itself, that the
little ones may grow up in the Sunshine.
Mothers, it is yours to cause the unfolding of the
buds of gladness in your dwellings, or to blight
them ere they break into blossom. It is yours to
make home, /ome, or cause it to become merely a
staying-place—scarcely that—for those whom
your affectional natures cling to now, and would
forever!
oe
:
Crvet Fasition.—If there is any one fashion
surd or cruel than another, it is that of
child, whose mother is more fashionable than wise,
without feeling distressed for the efforts of the
little one to use its arms, and constant shrugging
of the shoulders to get one or the other litte
liberty. This fashion undoubtedly does much to
cause the almost universal deformity of shoulders
observable in women,—Selected.
*
RE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
STRIVE AND HOPE. >
op BY sana. SETT. °
On! though the shadows of evening hover,
Morning Will Ouwn jn is brightoess at last;
Clouds may not siways the bright sunshine cover,
Storms will be over—the darkness be past,
Strive! though the contiict may seom uvayailivg; —
Hope! though no light in the dread fatare beams ;
Hoping and striving is better than wailing,
Actions are better than rosy-hued dreams, j
t
List! through the dirge that thy spirit bas we
Canst thou not hear those soft whispers of lov
‘Sweet, holy anthems by uoseen lips chanted,
Murmurs of music that float froin above?
Cea thos Bot bear them, the gladsome, the
Deaf to al! music iT ear;
Only the wild raging winds ig slowly,
Only the requiem now may’st thou hear.
{through the clouds of the shadowy even
t thou not eee that faint Gashing of light?
Soon it shall tinge with its splendor the heaven,
Gladsome and glorious buret on the sight!
Look! and thy eyes that the earth mists have darkened
Will open at last, forthe veil will depart—
jst! and the anthems for SPaphce hast hearkened
earily, vainly, will giadden thy heart.
‘hen opward! press on in the glorious weal,
On! till the Conflict, the straggle are done;
Only by toll may be gained the ideal,
Ooly by action the victory won!
‘Toen on aod remember, though all unavailing
Each noble aspiring, each soul yearning seems,
‘That hoping and striving is bettér than wailing,
Actions are better than beautiful dreams!
North Danby, Tomp. Go., N. Y., 1859.
a
holy?
©
?
.
”
>)
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
‘TO DREAMERS.
Do not dream any longer. The more you in-
dulge in idle reverie the more this mental disease
will increase upon you. Anuncontrolledimagina-
tion, like an enemy within the fortress, breaks
down the barriers that reason and the will raise
against intruders. Thus the beautiful temple of
the mind is left to turn into a barren waste, As
“men do not gather grapes of thorns, or figs of
thistles,” so, from a mind given up to the fickle,
uncertain guidnge of fancy, we can expect nothing
really great or good. The dreamer brings upon
himself a lethargy of mind/and body. Practical
life is disagreeable to him. There is nothing he
so recoils from as real, earnest thought. You can
induce him to take hold of the plow or avvil much
more easily than to undertake anything that would
call forth earnest and continued mental toil.
Tuoxson, in his Essays, never made a truer state-
ment than that men in general were less inclined
to mental than physical labor. Hence they tuke
om sil) the reins of gov
0 fancy, to > Js ves from the labor of
thinking to some purpose. This natural aversion
to the labor of thought supplies a cause for the
great number of works of % superficial character
that sue for public favor. The pure gold of tho’t
is a choice article. As “precious bundles are
usually done up in small parcels,” so it is a pretty
safe rule to suppose that when an anthor becomes
noted for the great number of his works, there is
considerable waste matter. The imagination, if
left unpruned, brings forth more leayes and boughs
than fruit.
Day-dreaming affords noteven a shadow of good
tothe mind. The happiness it brings is the yery
shadow of ashadow. Those who indulge itare ever
‘Dropping buckéts into empty wells,
nd growing old.in drawing nothing up,”
What an employment for a reasonable being!
Look among the great crowd of those who have
aided in the world’s progress. They are all men
of action, Mand and brain have been earnestly
engaged in the contest. They were thinkers and
workers, mostly from the ranks of the poor. They
had no leisure to stand with folded hands, and eyes
on yacancy, while the battle was raging around
them. Action, rightly directed, is the true philos-
spiritual nature requires its appropriate exercise.
Byery faculty unused will bring us into condem-
nation in the day of finaleaccount. We shall be
responsible both for what we have done and what we
might haye done, Say youthat this "4 severe doc-
over faculty, ifrightly
trine? Yet remomber
used, is thé means of unbounded happiness, The
more you act the more will you be disposed to act,
and the greater delight will you take in exerting
your powers, Time that used to drag heavily will
seem to fly, and life will be a new thing to you.
None should excuse themselves on the plea of
small talents. This is mockery our Creator
and only a feigned humility towards our fellow-
men. Observe that those who are thé readiest to
make this excuse are insincere. Let any one but
themselves tell them of their meagre talent, and
wounded pride will soon betray their weakness,
Gop only requires that each should act well bis
part, whatever that part may be. The poem of
Cantos Wincox Antidote to Despondency bears
upon the present subject, It is worth inscribing
on'memory's tablet, not so much for poetic beauty’
as for good common sense, and vigorous truth,
Here is an ex, th which I will close:
“ Wake, thou tin enchanted bowers,
Lest these lost ould hgunt thee on the n|
When Death ts ir wumbered hours
ir
To take their swift and everlasting Mignt; t
Wake ere the earth-born charm unnerve theo quite,
And be thy thoughts fo work divine address
Do something—do it soon— all thy might;
An angel's wing would droop If long atresty
And Gop himself, juaetive, were no longer Desk |
“ Has immortality of name been given
‘To them that idl Pp llssand groves,
And burn sweet nse to the queen of Heaven?
Did Newron learn from fancy, as it roves,
‘To measure worlds, and follow where cnch moves?
id HowAnn gain ronown that shall not cease,
By wandering wild, that nature's pilgrim loves?’
ophy of life. Every power of our physical andi
APPEARANCE OF LITERARY
A New Yors correspondent of the Springfield
Republican gives the following account of the per-
Sonal appearance of the leading literary celebrities
of our day: 1
Emerson looks like a refined farmer, meditative
and quiet. Longfellow like a good-natured beef-
eater. Holmes like a ready-to-luugh little body,
wishing only to be ‘‘as funny as he can,”
ett seems only the graceful gentleman, who
been handsome, Beecher a ruddy, rollicking bo:
Bancroft a plain, negative looki man. Whittier
the most retiring of Quakers, Bryant a plain,
serene looking man, dressed in gray. And thus I
| might name others. Not one of these gentlemen
can be called handsome, unless we except Beecher,
who might be adeal handsomer. In this respect
they can bear no palm aivay from yery intellectual
‘women, who have always become homely. There
is nothing in & dominant intellect, in continuous,
far-reaching, wearing thought, to favor the curyes
of beauty; it consumes agreater quantity of tissue
and fluids than it supplies. It dilates the eye, but
deepens the lines, prpens the bones, and often
wears the nervesto atorturing quickness. So this
is one reason why intellectual women should carry
their quantum of ugliness,
Let us look at them as they pass. Mrs. Sigour-
ney, the grand-motherof American “female” lit-
rature,in her prime (if we may believe her portrait)
was quitehandsome. Catharine Beecheris homely.
Mrs. Beecher Stowe is so ordinaryin looks that she
has been taken for Mrs. Stowe’s “Biddy.” Mrs.
©. M. Kirkland is a fat dowager. Mrs. B. F, Ellet
looks like a washerwoman. Margaret Fuller was
plain. Charlotte Cushman has a face as marked
as Daniel Webster's, and quite as strong. So has
Elizabeth Blackwell. Harriet Hosmer looks like a
man. Mrs, Ann, Stepbens, heavy and coarse —
Mrs. Oakes Smith is considered handsome. Mrs,
Julia Ward Howe has been a New York belle,—
Francis S. Osgood had a lovely, womanly face.
Amelia FP. Welby was almost beautiful. Sarah J.
Hale, in her young days, quite, unless her picture
fibs. The Davidson sisters, as well as their gifted
mother, possessed beauty. If we cross the ocean,
we find Madame deStael wasa fright; but Hannah
More was handsome; mee Fry, glorious;
Letitia Langdon, pretty: Mrs, Hemans, wondrous-
ly lovely; Mary Howitt, fair and matronly; Mrs.
Norton, regal autifal,—but alas! she who has
the larges all, with as greata heart, Pliza-
beth Barrett i , in physique is angular, and
though she bas magnificent eyes, her face is sug-
gestive of a tomb-stone,
Charlotte Bronte had a look in her eyes better
than all beauty of features. But if we look at Brit-
ish men of first class craniums—Shakspeare and
Milton were handsome; Dr. Johnson wasa monster
of ugliness; so were Goldsmith and Pope; Addi-
son was tolerably handsome; and Coleridge, Shel-
ly, Byron, Moore, Campbell, Burns, were all un-
commonly so, Sir Walter Scott looked very ordi-
nary in spite of his fine head. Macauley is homely,
Bulwer nearly hideous, althoughadandy. Charles
Dickens is called handsome, but I must be allowed
CELEBRITIES.
=]
a
09
after al
than apy other?
“TOO POOR TO
LIVE IN THE cITy,”
Bixssep is the man whois too poor to live in the
city, for he shall see June in its glory. Such
mouthfuls of clover-scented air as he gets, no mat-
ter whose land the clover grows on; such glorious
drinks of oxygen when the sun shines; such elbow-
room when he feels like putting his arms a-kimbo;
such a sweet, clean smell of rain, when it washes
the faces of roses nnd paints the green leaves over
again. P
tis about noon by the clock of the year’59, and
all the doubtful shadows of the morning are rolled
up, and the gramblers are rolled up with them, we
hope. ‘Dull weather for corn,” said a coun Ty
neighbor, this morning, when we yentured to pro-
nounce it fine for wheat. ‘ Dullyweather for corn,’
and so he balanced the books, and went on, look-
ing as if everybody were dend and he chief mourn-
er. Weare sorry thesé carly summer months do
not suit him. Won't he just please to make a
private summer for his own use, ond be sure to
keep it on bis side of the line fence, lest he be sued
for trespass? We wouldn't take any home-made
!summer of his as a gift.
Why cannot people do as Luruer said the bird
did? ‘Look,” said he, “how that little fellow
preaches faith to us all, He takes hold of his twig,
tucks his head under his wing, and goes to sleep,
leaving Gop to think for him!” —Chicago Journal,
a aa
|
OUR CHILDREN,
Ovr children are to fill our places in society—in
Church and State, and the manner in which they
will fill depends upon the manner in which
we educate them, If we train them up in the
Sabbath School, for God and his Church, they will
amply repay us for our care ; but if they are trained
up for the world—in the streets—in the gambling
and tippling saloon—in Sabbath breaking, pro-
fanity, licentiousness, and intemperance—in idle-
ness—in sin, they will dishonor our names, and
repay us by and by with a vengeance!
How fearful our responsibility! When we con-
sider that our son may make a talented, useful,
and happy man, respected and beloved by all
around him, or he may make a cohsummate villain,
detested by the world as a nuisance and a curse,
and that oupdaughterhas a corresponding alterna-
tive before her—that in the history of both, in all
robability, there is a crisis, or turning point,
When itis unéertain which way they will prepon-
derate—and that we necessarily play ail important
part in tipping the scale, we can but fecl that thi
isa matter not to be trifled with, and that every
means possible should be resorted to, in order to
Secure the right drift, and save those so dearto us,
As we would haye them honorably act their part
upon the stage of life, so let us sedulously aim to
s the time for prayer ?
‘With tho frst boams that light the
for the toils of day thou dost
Lift up thy thoughts on high
sea. 2, Joved ones
Morn is the time for pray:
ie
“And In the noontide .
lorning sky,
Beopaie
Then unto God thy spi
And He will give thee rest;
Thy voice shall rench Him
Noon {s the time for prayer!
When the bright sun bath sot,—
Whilst eve’s bright colors deck the sk
When with tho loved at home sgatn thou » sa
Then Jet thy prayer arise
For those who in thy joys and sorrows sharo—
Eye is the time for prayer!
—
And when the stars come forth, — t
When to the trusting heart sweet hopes aro ‘lvon,
And the deep stlilness of the hour gives birth &
To the pure dreams of Heaven,—
Kneel to thy God —ask strength life's ills to boar—
Night fs the time for prayer!
When is the time for prayer?
In every hour while life is spared to thea —
Tn crowds or solitude -in Joy or care—
Thy thoughts should heavenward fle
At home—at morn and eve —with l
dones there,
Bend thou the knee tn prayer!
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
A FRAGMENT,
A Pave and attenuated form lay upon a couch
of death. The wearied spirit was fast nearing
the portals of eternity, yet mental, far more than
physical suffering, had bowed that once manly
form and chilled the heart whose beatings were
about to cease forever. A desolating bereavement
had been added to his own protracted illness, the
friend whom, during his detention from business,
he had honored with the most implicit confidence,
had effected his pecuniary ruin, and one change
succeeded another, until destitution and actual
want followed. Friendless and alone, shrinking
as only & sensitive nature can from the rude shock
his feelings had received, his once cherished confi-
dence and affection resolved itself, by a fearful
re-action, into a stern hatred of man and a futal
distrust of Gop, And thus, in the prime of man-
hood, the victim of a hopeless and despairing sor-
row was about to pass away—one who might have
lived blessed and a blessing to the world, “Oh!”
said he to one who sought to comfort him in his
last hours, “tell me if there is hope—more of its
beauties. Help me back to Gop. Blest Savior,
thou wast deceived and betrayed. Shelter me,
this bitter cold.”
Oh, if there is one sight more sad than any other
One upon which angels Must look with wonder,
ethinks it must be upon the struggles of a
efushed and wounded spirit, sinking under a bur-
den of accumulated ‘Wwoe,—one upon whom no
human eye looks with pity, and no arm is extend-
edto save, Yet the work angels love, how apt
men are to scorn, How many hearts there are
shivering.in “this bitter cold,” that a little kind-
ness and sympathy might comfort | save,
There are few trials the heart feels aay,
than abetrayal of confidence or ulienation f fee! -
ing in those we love. It is hard, when ros
of adversity have bowed the spirit, to meet only
the contemptuous smile, the averted glance of the
chosen friends of our heart.
And how must Cunisr regard the indifference
of many of his professed followers to the woes of
suffering humanity! How unlike the great and
compassionate Repexwen are they who haye no
pity for the fallen, no word of kindness or look of
cheer for those who can no longer echo bask their
own joyous tones of gladness! A smile—a look—
a tone of sympathy—are little things; yet these
have lifted many a bupden, and sayed the heart
from breaking. That which is so easy to give,
why are not men more prompt to bestow? To
what higher honor can we attain, than to walk in
the footsteps of Him who came to bind up the
broken-hearted and comfort those who mourn?
Yet, how prone mankind are to wrap themselves
proudly in their own comforts, and neglect the
Divine command, “ Bear ye one another's burdens,
and so fulfill the law of Cunist.” There is but
one Being whose Joye can meet the demands of our
yearning hearts— but one of whom we can say,
“I know inwhom I have believed, and am persua-
ded that He is able to keep that which I have
committed tnto Hur.’ Oh, may more love fill
human hearts, to drive away “this bitter cold,””
Sherburne, N, ¥., 1859. Lina Lue.
6
An Italian bishop, who had endured much per-
secntion with a calm and unruffled temper, was
asked how he attained Such a mastery over him-
self. “By making a right use of my eyes,” anid
he. “I first look up to heaven, ag the place whither
Lam going to live saa parBtbok down upon
the earth, and consider how small a space of it will
that I occupy or want. I then look
, and think how many aro far moro
than I am,”
+e.<—__—_—_
ow
Toses or Trrau.—Do you distrust faith becau £€
it hutas a pillar of cloud im the bright dayt—
Le ht come,—whether it be the night of
afllict nthe night of persecution; only let the
nightcome—let it even come suddenly, densely,
fearfally ; and faith then shall beas a pillar of fire,
oe
qualify them for it—Morning Star,
Did Pave gain Heaven's glory and ils peace 4
ying o'er the bright and Sanh isles of
Butler, Wis, 1559, Minenya Osnorn,
——————_+e+—____
We cannot understand anything of which there
is not some touch in ourselves.
¢
Derecrive RevtG1ox. —A religion that never
ii govern a man, will never suffice to save
fic
tie which does not sufficiently distinguish
i
him from a wicked world, will never distinguish
him from a perishing world,—Howe.
7
toacity like this, Rochester is peculiarly situated, | Carolina, His coins were stamped with his name
nd has remarkable adaptations for seats of learn- | and the denominations; they circulated freely in
ng. The highest conditions known to the best | Georgii, North and South Carolina and Tennessee,
city life may be found and enjoyed »inconnec-| In addition to these facts stated by Dr. Lieber,
tion with the peerless attractionsand more solid | we may mention an incident which came under our
THE UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER.
{Tas Tostitution is a model in ite line, and
wortbily répresenta the taste, enterprise and lib-
erality of its founders and thegitizeas of Rochester
University of
the Rochester
brated las
cocdingly
ical Seminary, were cele-
ugh the weather was ex-
he exercises were attend-
ve audiences,
F friends of these institutions from
Meblato give more than ajbrief
including many
inent of the very interest-
a ergdilasle eeenes Pte Week. friend, yet we are persuaded that ifour people at | benefits oflike 0 ediate and incid |, | dleages, the languages arose, ? g clean, and to provide everything
large’ ore thorough and exact knowledge | accruing to our city by 8 of the University, | ture, the law. Itis never so difficult to 4
nySunday evening, July 10th, the Rev. Dr. and others of a still bigher nature which the mere | people in matters of lav, politics or tel,
is to change their habits.) This problem wi
Hircucoex, of the Union Theological Seminary,
preached before the ‘J
ernoon of the 11th Prof. James B. Anoenn, of
2 fo. University, delivered anaddress before the
Robinson Rhetorical Society.” On Thursday,
Tthinst., the Ninth Anbiversary of the Theologi-
cal inary was duly honored at the First Bap-
tist Chureh= the exercises comprising Orations by
the Graduating Class, Music, and an Address to the,
Graduates by the Rey. Dr. Roprysox. ‘The Gradu-
ating class numbered twelve, as follows: =
Buitawy, Newark, N. Y.; F. J. Gatuen, Va; M.
Philadelphia; G. A. Srankweatuen, O.; W. C.
Wirxinsos, Mich.
tion and te able objects—the proper education
and train’ a natal endowed anddevout
Youog Men for the Christian Ministry. Under the
charge of Rev. Dr. Ronixson, and Rev. Professors
Horcouxkiss, Noarnnor and Rosenaauscn, the Roch-
ester Theological Seminary is attaining » reputa-
tion’and influence which must give ita prominent
position among the best institutions of its class in
this country—rendering it eminently wortby the
encouragement and support of the denomination it
ropresgnts, ‘(Baptist,) and the best wishes of the
religious community generally. >
The Prize Declamations by members of the
Sophomore Class off University, on Monday
evening were rodent those
of any previous class we have heard.
Discourse commemorative of thetlate Jon
N.Wirnen, President of the Board of
the University, was delivered by Presi
sox, on Tuesday afternoon,
Tuesda: jing was devoted to
meee phic and Pithonian
_ nected with the University, when ai
~ delivered by Dr. J. G. Houxann, of
Miss., and n Poem read by Rey. W. C. Ricranns
of Providence, R. 1, Wednesday A. M., the usual
Commencement Exercises took place at Corinthian
them, at ange honoring themselves, the class of
1869, and their Alma Mater. =~ *
After the delivery of the Orations, the "Baten-
laureate degree, in course, was conferred as fol-
mon Bam rupun, Oakfield, N. Y.; Winvias
Weary Louisville, Ky,; Fraxcis Eowarn
Pinnce, nd Rapids, Mich.; Ape. Gopann,
Richville, N. Y. Apvonxinay Jupson Goutp, West
Springfield, Po; Ensxezen Packwoop, Auburn,
udson) Society.” In the |
it]
Propose .to ara wtih
by the Ciseary da
eek, to say a few words respecting the Unj
mepichada ie ocsestie of them.
While very many of the
have never failed to en
the great advaptag
the University, nor the
direct advantage to them, it would be productive
of very beneficial consequences both to the Univer-
sity and to themselves. Some men are prone to
regard our higher institutions of learning as mere
exotics—as something apart from and above the
common people—as objects proper to engage the
attention and command the patronage of the rich,
but with which men in bumble and moderste
circumstances have nothing to do. ‘This yiew isa
mistaken one, and any act ir co. of conduct
tional or pecuniary, or both, from the University.
The University has been in “opera ion about ten
years, It has graduated nine classes, and one
hundred and sixty-three students—a result which
may challenge comparison by any other College in
our land, “It has an endowment igaeei000,
Theological Seminary whi jough unde
tinct charter, yet workin ‘losely and soi
mately with the University, that they may be
regarded as twin sisters; bas an endowment of
about $100,000, Here there is a fund of $832,000
set apart for the purpose of Academical and Relig-
ious education in our midst. The subscribers to
this fund number about eight hundred—their sub-
scriptions ranging from $26 to $26,000, Thereare
now in all the classes, about two hundred students,
Their number has increased from year to year so
rapidly and constantly, that we may safely predict
that in a very few years our University will rival
i number of its students, as it does now in
tng everything else, the oldest and the best of
can Colleges. The as ti
of tuition is, for
those who pay at all, $37,50 The city of
ear.
| Rochester is entitled to twelve perpetual free
scholarships. These scholars are selected on the
eo fete Af ons He Nie Reku te of Meskyo
ter. They cannot be taken from apy private or
select school. This provision made by the Univer-
on of the highest liberal education ob-
in our land, without the cost of one dollar
There are also in the University at
ent time, about forty free ministerial
acqui
000 to the funds of the, University, may designate
any young man intended for the Ministry, asa free
scholar, andsuch young man (of whatever religious
persuasion he muy be) is then educated free of
charge, In this connection we should add, that
Avstix, Waterford, Pa., M) A.; Wrerram Gauaver,
Professor of History and Political Economy at
Brown University, LL. D.; Rev. H. G. Wesrox, of
New York, Rey. Danian G. Coney, of Utica, and
Rev. J. D, Backus, of Syracuse, D. D.
On the conclusion of the Commencement Exer+
cises, the President, Board, Atuaont adttavited
guests proceeded to Palmer's Hall and icipa
ted in the pleasures of the Annual Alumni Dinner,
not the least Interesting of which was “the feast
of and flow of soul” which followed
otiz ortion of the banquet. The oseasion
toge! Bs
graduates—the re
te ais classes being alter.
of Commence-
xd des
piece of ground, in the Tenth Ward, (cight acres
of which were donated by Mr. Boopy, and seven-
teen more purchased for the purpose,) will soon be
crowned with a structuremore imposing than any-
thing now existing in Rochester. Theplansof the
buildings are already drawn, and the work of con-
struction will be pressed rapidly forward.
* * - er a *
e before remarked, eight hundred men have
sul ibed to the funds of the University. These,
of course, are men of liberality and benevolence ;
and many of them possess large means, They
have in their own persons and by their example
incited to th shest realization the blessings of
-[perous and successful
and Western New York. It is, accomplisbipg so | enjoyments of the best rural life. It isa city of
much in bebalf of liberal education, and has so Schools and Churches, of productive industry and
many ardent friends among our readers throughout bigh culture; and has comparatively none of those
he State, that we are confident the following | vices whic
iversity really is—o le objects and
of its means of general usefulness, and of its.|
re so prevalentand destructive in our
large commercial cities. It is but natural, there-
fore, that many men who have sons to educate, and
ig might nentio other
utilitanian can neither conceive nor comprehend;
but the object we aimed at What teil
by the few practical suggestion’ we have made,
the attention and thoughts of our people shall b
turned to the University as an, objéct worthy
their constant solicitude and highest favor, More
of the sons of Rochester parents should enter the
halls of learning in this aay aS a
Faculty equal to any in our country, sons of
the rich can here be educated without leaving the
enjoyments or the salutary restraints of home; and
HILOSOPHY
ORIGIN OF THE PRAIRIES,
Proressoi WiueR, State’ Geologist Stgpinois,
has recently delivered a series of admirable lectures
on his favorite science. Wecopy fromthe Genesee
Republican the following abstract of his theory on
the origin and formation of the prairies:
Prof. Wilber adopts the theory thatat one time—
very far back in its history—this vast country
formed portion of the bottom ocean—that through
the eruptions caused by the internal heat, together
with the labor andiactivity of those master masons,
the coral insects, our continent was raised to its
present position above the water, To proye this
bold proposition he eo to the many indications’
of salt water presetice, the frequent occurrence of
shells which legitimately only belong to animals of
the sea —the evidence farnisbed by the rocks of
the Jahor of otter ea gy inits de-
ot)
yelopment; the frequent deo f the remains
of monsters of the sea imbedded in our limestone
upon the ocean's bed, whence they arose with our
continent. The arguments, if not quite conclusive,
are eminently suggestive, and should open theeyes
of thinking men to the wondrous myster
this wise. The result of the “ drift system” was to
give to this part of the country a soil of unparal-
Jelled fertility, and arising from this, were the
very large grasses, Which are peculiar to this soil
alone; luxuriant, and undisturbed, they grow to a
thing was more wanted than another. The most
desired commodity was taken inexchange. Barth,
in Negritia, was a whole day exchanging to get at
some e artitiar article. He found narrow strips
of cotton to be money. In South Africa lances are
this medium of exchange. They have one advan-
tage—they may be kept without spoiling. That is
& requisite. We all want ice in summer, but it
would hardly, do to make it a medium of exchange.
Clapperton speaks of blocks of salt used for money
in the interior of Africa; Prescott, the historian, of
cocoa beans in Mexico. This money first suggests
itself and grows naturally out of the state of things.
People don't come together and say Tet us adopt
observation:
A merchant from the South brought to Philadel-
phia the sum of $2,700, in Bechtler’s coinage—
produced between one and two dollars premium on
the whole amount, showing the accuracy of the
ay and valuation. Bechtler, on his death, was
ee! by his son. The establishment of the
iene superseded these works. The
ness was conducted by the Bechtlers, from the
eginning to the end, with the entire confidence of
the commun
Seinase Was a necessity from the di culty of
welgl and assaying metals.
Money, a common coin, was developed dunng
the formative period of naturali id
reforms of the currency, to change the money
edict of Louis Phillippe rce it. en in our
own country, with our convenient dollars and
cents, are we not still, in the different Si
thinking inconveniently in shillings th Bea
Just so with the use thermometers. People
would not be cold in Centrigrade, or perspire by
Reger’ ey would freeze and thaw only by
r
f * | based upon it, must nrious to all concerned. | the sons of the poor can here, almost without | their accustomed Fahrenheit. Still the tendency | geverally in the hot weather of July and August,
packs wees N. % a tae Yea Mes The University shoul: regarded as established | money and without price, receive an education as | to uni formity went on, just as with dress, which By some it is considered a catarrhal disease; simt
inal wie BT. Ao inane Moshaster NY: by and for the benefit of the whole people. There | thoroug! extended as oe be acquired in this | had ‘awn the habits of modern nations toa resem- lar to the influenza in human beings, producing a
ve 8 Bent itch dh ta ca 'y UN Suibade, is not a citizen of Rochester sohumble that he may | country. other American city offers oppor- | blance, whilaes artan going ens was known }/thickened state of the membrane lining thenostrils,
shies ey _—— : "| not and does not receive some benefit, either edu- | tunities so great? the difference of rb, and nobody | mouth and tongue. ind
leman from St.
ce by
setbcneaoe a ee
SLEEPING ROOMS.
a
Tue largest part of our rest is taken in sleep,
Ofcourse the kind room in which we sleep is
worthy of consideration. Hureranp says:—‘ It
mustmot be forgotten that we spenda considerable
portion of our lives in the bed-chamber, and con-
sequently that its healthiness or unhealthiness can-
not fail to have a very important influence upon
our well being.” It should atleast belarge. That
is of prime importance, because during the several
hours that we are in bed, we need to breathe a
great deal of air, and ourhealth is injured when we
are obliged to breathe it several times over. We
should at least pay as much attention to the size,
situation, temperature and cleanliness of the room
we occupy during the hours of repose, as to the
parlors or drawing-room, or any other apartment.
And yet how different from this is the general
practice of families. The smallest room in the
house is commonly set apart for the bed and its
nightly occupants. The sleepingroom should have
a good location, so as to be dry. It should be kept
clean, and neithertoohot nor too cold, And more
parce
Ded ie wastes vaoe
bed occupied by two persons is as much as should
ever be allowed in a single room; though tio beds
=) sa Pensuavcu.
= = ~
‘ For Moore's Raral New-Yorker.
MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA.
2
t] inds of market wo en, Fifty years after the
change by te ovat i ce, it needed an -
A greatfavor, I think,
‘nd particularly myself, by
ns of the Ruwat the
Gapes in chickens.
confer
upon many o! readers,
communicating throu,
cause, preventive, and cure
I am entirely ignorant upo + ae
commenced the raising of poult abject, having J
Esopus, N. Y., 1859, J =
Rewarxs.—We have had a good of experi.
ence with poultry, and only by care
on band at all times. |
re fe iiss, Sl or piained fo
which domestic fowls Subjected, the, most
frequent is the gapes, sometimes called pip, Iti
a very common and troublesome disortte, ait
often proves fatal. All domestic birds, particu-
ly young fowls, are peculiarly liable to it, and
Causes.—This disease is supposed to be produced
7 F 9 aes On the other hand, the University is chiefly in- ‘etersburg in that Way, and thus society would go | from filthy, sour diet, and drinking from dirt
b 2 Exe! oft e " - ‘ 2 ” & Yr ig m dirty
dy 3 aida, etme teat, eee, debted to the practical recognition of this fact on on till the work of uniformizationyif the word can | puddle water, infected with putrid decaying sub-
4nd most encouraging to the friends of the institu- a of the people at large for its ae be allowed, shall be completed. Century. —" ill-ventilated fowl-house confinement, ora
spot of ground bait 33 year after year by fowls, |
without attention to cleanliness, to =a
the soil, ete, tthe same time, let it be/borne |
mind that the “gapes” is anepidemic disease. — ‘|_|
@ gapes is supposed by some to be c dbya —
sont of internal worm infesting the wind-pipe; but
though this may have, in some Tnstattediisen
observed, it is by no means uniformly net ith in
all the disorders accompanied with gaping.
iptoms.—The name is sufficiently expressive
as to the symptoms of this disease; gaping, cough-
ingyand sneezing, dullness and inactivity, rofled
feathers, and loss of appetite. (
On the dissection of chickens dying with this |
disease, it will be found that the wind-pipe contains
numerous small red worms about the size of a small 4 |
cambric needle; on the first glance they would | |
likely bemistaken for blood-vessels. Itis supposed
that these worms continue to increase in size until
the wind-pipe_ becomes completely filled up, ‘and
the chicken suffocated. The disease first shows
itself when the chicken is between three an
months old, and not generally after, by ca
sneezing or spuffing through the nostrils, ani
freqnent scratching of itself at the roots of the bill.
Treatment.—The plan tormeriy uuopieu, ur giv- |
ing remedies internally to remove the worms, is
not & good one, as the medicine has to beabsorbed,
Tniversi i eer ; istenc huge
Hall, and our University completed the Academic | sity, ev tt does, dmirable system of | SYStem, the existence upon.our surface of huge | - ; § ai
year by commencing anther: Tho Graduating | Prop Gouatnow Schools andlbur High School, makes | boulders, the former appendages of polar shores, | #4 large room are no Me ke ee aay pass into the blood, and act powerfully upon the
class numbered twenty-seven members, andwits | it practicable for the somof the humblest eitizen drifted far away to the south-west, imbedded in | 90M sien fe een i! agate Gil Uae “ih LION) a) nUTone one Heppcom i |
representatives ably performed the Ree: of Rochester to ascend from the alphabet to the huge frames of ice and dropped down at length plished; its direct application to the worm t | |
therefore preferable. This is readily secured by
stripping the vane from a small quill feather, ex-
cept half an inch from its. extremity; this sho uuld
~~
then be dipped in spirits of turpenti a
lows: —Dayiv Hasutton@loninsox, Weedsport, | go olarships. These scholars are selected, we be- deep in the earth upon which we so ff arly Bae being a wl by aa ane 4
N. Yj INckeasr Cutty, Canandaigua, N. Y.; Ep-| jieve, by virtte of an arrangement by whichsany trend. . a # feather 9 prepare Rossel neatly aoe .
WAND PowetL Gourn, West Springticld,Pa,; An-| person who has subscribed orsmay subscribe $1,-| _ The existence of our prairies is accounted for in the small opening of the wind-pipe, whichis ly
seen at the base of the tongue,andgiving it one or | |
two turns will generally bring up and destroy the
worms. The turpentine at once kills the worms,
and its application excites a fit of coughing, during
which those that were left by the feather are ex-
My 5,7, 33, 83, 15, 4 is a lake in Soudan.
My 29, #4, 6, 87, 80 is a cape of Europe,
My 2, 10, 15, 18, 11 is a river in Europe,
My 82, 84, 14, 23, 8, 16, 34 is a city in Asia,
My 82, 20, 21, 8, 16, 84 is a government of N, America.
My 1, 26, 22, 23, S, 25 is an empiro of Europe,
My 15, 19, 11, 21, 19, 23, 86, 6,15, 18 Is atownin Virginia,
My 31, 2, 18, 85 is a river in Europe,
My 17, 94, 26, 13 is o cape of Sonth America,
My 24, 2, 13, 27, 11 is a river in Europe,
My whale was an illustrious European philosopher.
Cannon Falls, Minn., 1859. Witsve H, Scorer,
27~ Answer in two weeks.
e
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
water. After the gapes appear, the cure is always
doubtful; but crushed corn, soaked in very strong
alum-water, is a good remedy.
OS Seer 2 S
SPRINGS AND TIDES.
Messrs, Ens -—The articleinthe Young Ruraliat
oeeaniell th in regard to the “Supply of Streams,””
may be correct in some points; but the theory in
regard to thesame influence governing the sources
of streams, and causing the water to flow, that goy-
erns the tides, is not founded on good philosophy.
The flow of the tides-is an uneleady or periodical
motion, and not a steady one a8 in the case of water
pax 4 e : issuing from the earth insprings, The same cause
giving. They given us a pledge of their per-| money, It comes unto us. eae not merely ARITHMETICAL PROBLEM, issvltg .
manent good will and substantial favor. Many of| an exchangeable thing, bu' value other . ae cannot 4 duce. the a4 renulta, Then the idea of
them live at a distance, but they come up annually, modities. Itismot 4m of value, taken |, Two persons, A and B, bought pratiaiatel $0 a the. ean 8 DSBSIe)s 0157 Seamer think,
and some of much oftener, to witness the re-
turer, or other intelligept business man, that an
institation which brings to our city so many men
of benevolence and wealth, and which educates so
‘mavy young meu to go abroad with the attain-
Menpse material benefits
people. There is anotheradvantage which a pros-
University is sure to bring
in the abstract sense, for two things to be
utility, though the latter
Tous people seek ornaments, butcommonly of some
lasting material, as Pd metals. For centuries
money was weighed. The Jews, who had no coin,
is of the money which © paid had A ou
for which they paid $i—A paying 15; times
B. Afterwards C gives them 1-5 as much as A paid for
Charlotte, Eaton Co,, Mich., 1859.
EF Answer in two weeks.
ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS, &0., IN No. 496,
always weighed it, ‘This survives in the names of
for a time, carried
money. Bechtler, a German, | €
rd county, North
on private coinage in Rut
, =
ments and connections formed here, confers im-| pounds, ounces, livre, mina, all derived from | answer to Chenifeal Eoigms :—Plants recelve nour-
upon the city andallits| weight. The first coined momey was private | {ment from tho air os well as from the earth,
‘Avawer to Surveying Question -—Base 29 chains, 63
links, nearly—perpendieular 5 chains, 94 links, nearly,
equally wrong philosophy. There is no principle
sults of thei i i ie WwW ice | 4 of the apples. Now, supposing tue (6 bushels) ap- | in hydrostatics that I am acquainted with thatwill [9
Wi with those of friends isan ame snide here ae eee ant a Se ijathen les to be equally divided between A, By and CDW) warrant the conclusion, The subject is an inter-
not graduates of the University, We need not say'to the merefiant, the fam one motive of acquir oe ot excluded. Barba-|celve? mut. | esting one, and I should like to haye it more
thoroughly agitated and discussed, but not to your
inconvenience, In other words, I can’t insist 00
others doing the talking and your doing the work
unless you say come on, Saves B. Teperrs.
Franklin Grove, 10., 1559.
A wax’s being is given him wherewith to under-
stand all other beings.
N, Yj Jous"Pxox Covny, Nunda, N. Y.; Euaone | {iition in the Theblogical Seminary is all free. great heigdingadateirly wove the surface Of the | ax cotmposed of 31 Teltera, P| pelied. ‘This modejof application, requires song Th
Winuramg Drxison, St, Louis, Mo.; Ina Couuxs| The University of Rochester, like other institu- earth with ‘ick, almost impenetrable covering. | My 2, 5, 9, 26, 27 is a fee. dexterity, and at times the ii ritation proves fatal, i
Cuanx, Rochester, N. Y.; Tuomas Avcustus Hatt, | tions of the kind, is denominational but not secta- | 18 the autumn, when this mass of combustible | My 5, 6, 12 is troublesome animal. yrre thereforesuggest theshuttingupof the chicken |
Waterford, C. W.; Jons (. Carnovs Cuanxe, | rian. Its Board of Trustees and its Faculty ares otter was dry, how easy for shaft of lightning | My 20, 9, 17, 17 is applant. in a box, with some shavings dipped in spirits o |
LY: Po : SRS, :! - , : i ‘to send flagration from one bound: f the | My 2, 11, 7, 1 is a berry. turpentine, when the vapor arising from the é
Brooklyn, N. ¥.; Pouask: Enasros Sautn, Tyre, | composed of men of the principal religious denom=| t° S¢84 a conflagration Hal acl pancaaa ES . 10 is a wolght. ded surface, produces, fn makkcases, ot
N. Yj Sreenen Pavey Bannert, Kingsville, Ohio; | inations among ug, and the students are nly | country to the other. The sprouting twigs of stur- | °Y °")% " tended surface, produces, i, ly
Sierra nnn ~ Fishkill P! epee ee SenOaeS STOR OPN.) a vth would perish by the occurrence of | MY 15 16, 24 is to fasten. beneficial result. Creosote, used in the man-
Gronoe W ASHINGTON Hovantox, Fishkill Plains, | permitted, but required to attend such Churches | Tier growth would p yi My 19, 51 Is a personal pronoun. ner, as’ been’ féund "moalexteadrdiuarige enti at
N. Y.; Wixrreto Scort, Farmer, N. Y.; Actex | as their parents or guardians desire they should these fires, and hence the treeless Sppearance of 5, Se is an article. ee " ‘.
Epwanp Kircurs, Waterford, C, W.; Fraxcis | attend, Prayers are said daily at the University, West. To aid the idea, it is claimed that the | yry 15, 9, 28 1s anan adverb. cious. y
Auten Macownen, Alabama; Oscar Forson, Fol-| put beyond this, there is no religious exercises ians, when they did arrive, which is supposed | My 13, 29, 23, 26 are vowels. ¢ Prevention. —We know 8 PETRA TATE derge-
somdale, N. Y ; Joux Warxen Detoxa, Macedon enjoined to have been long subsequent to the first period | My 4, 6, 12 agpencettc animal. breeder of fowls, who always gives his chickens,
Centre, N. Witt Mackey, Ottawa City, C We should ! K mentioned, regularly burned the prairie grasses, | My whole {8 a trite adage, and its truth cannot too | qt six weeks old, wheat steeped in turpentine.—
% 7c. ¢, had we space, to make a some- SOLAN s 4 A ;
Ws oe ag Toronto, ©. W.; Dantes | what te mention of ae fparversity, Library, for the purpose of driving the game into more cir- | often be impressed “ngs the mind, This is given them once in the morning, when
Exuror Let, Towanda, Pa; Joux Gmevivn, Fair: | its Gelogical nd Mineralogical “colléotinas its cumseribed quarters so that it might fall.an easy sofa iid Marr. “| fasting, and as a preventive against, instead of
ort, N. ¥.; Josnoa Gaskr1, Royalton, N.Y, mht e ‘i . to their arrows, and sen the difffulty of | "9 Answer in two weeks. waiting for the arrival of, the gapes. Let their
p Philosophical Apparatus, and its various means rey, to thes , y EVs ml
The Degree of Master of Arts was conferred, in inter ci raveling.—Life Illustrated. first food be coarse corn meal, almost dry; then iy
an able internal working, but we must leave eac! Be if For Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
course, upon Jacon Syuia, Atoyzo J. Howe, Geo. | o¢ @heko for occasioffal mention” Hereafter eae , ’ . = = |Bive cracked corn, As soon as they can swallow Me
M. W. Caney and Gzora» M. Coxnron. sanist, hovliver, wafraitudtkom cox ratulidtiny oir A ‘SHORT CHAPTER ABOUT MONEY. GEOGRAPHICAL ENIGMA. whole grains, ty em haye them unbroken. All
Hpi tet late oo et REL A people that the time has ‘come for ‘the creation of |” I Aw composed of atletters. ° poultry-yards, of course, should be supplied wits }
BL, Namuax W. Axum Penn Yan, and JOBS A.) the new University Buildings. The beautifal| Ir arose in the degree of desire by which one | sty 93,9, 12,34 is one of the United States, lime, and the chickens should have free access /
4
¥
LIST OF NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
|or Walking Jn the Lisht—Henry Hoyt,
Tie ee eoreate uention BookHeury Hoyt,
The Power of Falto—Heory Hoyt.
Biranberries_T, Bughat te Wm, R, Prince & Co,
Prince's St Dey
aw & Clark,
Sk for kale2 Walter Cole. .
Fee age “Bronson, Merrell & Hammond.
‘SPECIAL ROTICES,
Mosquitoes—Joseph Burnett & Co,
VANCE:
6 1
Sai
“aS ‘Twenty _coples,
Thirty-Two do.
) free, to every person remitting fora
of more copies; and Twowfree copies for every
lub of Thirty or over, As anew Half Volume commenced
Joly 24, Now 13 tHe Tove to form Glabs for elther Six
Monthsora Yesr. All perzonswho form new clubs to com-
mence with July, #r Introduce the Rora in localities
where Jt is not now taken, will be Uberally remuncrated for
thelr time and attention.
£2 Back Dumbers from April or January.can still be
~ farpishied, if desired. We will send Specimen Numbers,
Show Bills, &c., to all applicants, and to the addresses of as
many non-subscribers as may be forwarded.
——S
TERMS, IN
Ine copy, 1 year,
hree copies,
coples,.....
i
*
DOMESTIC NEWS.
Matters at Washington.
Tue War Department has adopted 4 regulation,
fixing a tax upon settlers at posts oceupied by one
or more companies, at ten cents per month for
each commissioned officer and enlisted man be-
Jon, to the command in each regiment. The
fond ‘ing to it, as above, or as much of it as
may be necessary, will be appropriated to the
maintenance of the band.
The late Congress appropriated only $15,000 as
apreliminary for taking the next census, for the
reparation of blank forms, instructions to Mar-
shals, &c. Ample time will be allowed for the
selection of reliable deputies, and such arvange-
ments will be made by the Secretary of the Inte-
rior as will secure the prosecution of the work
with more promptness and perfectness than here-
tofore,
There is authority for the assertion that, how-
ever desirable the acquisition of Lower California
may be to the Administration, no such proposition
18 How pending between the Government of the
United States and Mexico, as had been stated,
The Washington Constitution of the 14th inst.,
contains a copy of a dispatch from the State De-
partment, recently sent to our Minister at Berlin,
on the subject of poluralizatio Beaty iota
is a native of Hanover, and who, when he left his
native conntry, was neither in actual servige in
the Hanoverian army, nor had he been drafted to
Serve in it, but who has yet, on his return to Hano-
ver, been deprived of his liberty, and compelled
to perform military service. The President and
Cabinet concur in the views expressed, taking the
ground that the moment a foreigner becomes
naturalized, bis allegiance to his native country is
seyered. He is no more responsible for anything
he may say or do, or omit to say ordo, after assum-
ing his new character, than if he had been born
in the United States, Should he return to his
| native country, he returns as an American citizen,
~ and in noothercharacter, In order to entitle his
original government to punish him for an offense,
is must have been committed while he was a
bject and owed allegiance to that government,
The offence must have been complete before his
expatriation, Itmust have been of such a charac-
ter that he might have been tried and punished
for it at the moment of his departure. Our Min-
ister is instructed to demand the release of the
naturalized citizen in question.
Judge Rose, the American Consul at Guyana,
reached Washington on the 14th inst., and ten-
dered his resignation to the Government. He
made athorough exploration of Sonora, and pro-
Mounces it the richest mineral country im the
world, Gov. Pescheira is now absent in Sinaloa,
andthe Indians are devastating all the upper and
western portions of Sonora. Murders and rob-
hhies are every day committed.
| i Pe: Political,
Goy. Seymoun, late Minister of the United States
; St. Petersburg, has arrived in Paris, en route
for home.
Tax New York Herald trots ont George Law
again for the Presidency.
Tunex of the members a elected to
the next House of Représentatives have died, viz.,
Hon. Thos. L, Harris, in the Sixth District of 1li-
nois; Hon. ¢: e Fourteenth Dis-
. 0. Goode, in the
Fourth District of } Messrs. Goode and
Harris were representatives in the last Congress.
Hox. Rovvs Cuoare died at Halifax
gapester-
voon of the 12th inst. Mr. Choate sailed from
B for Europe a couple of weeks ago, but was
obliged to leave the steamer at Halifax, he
remained up to the .
erie time of his death, Mr. C. w:
Success and el vati r
lowed every step of his Professional ae Gane
his admission to the bar in 1g04, He was a year
in the Massachusetts House of Representati
SIP the same period in the Senate. ia dl
elected to
United States House or 2 Be Was
by the resignation of Daniel Webster on entering
Harrison's Cabinet, At the close of his term in
1845 he returned to Boston, and has since devoted
his time to the practice of his profession.
Tue Kansas Constitutional Convention has adopt-
ed the Ohio Constitution, as embodying the lead-
ing features which they would prefer to have incor-
porated in the instrument they have met to frame.
The rote stood, for Ohio 28, Indiana 23, Kentucky 1.
Tie Democratic State Convention of Mississippi
assembled at Jackson on the 4thinst, The aclegy
tion in attendance was very large. The momina-
tions are:— Governor—Jobn J. Pettus, of Kemper,
Secretary of State— Robert b, of Pontotoc,
Auditor —E. R. Burt, of Noxubee. Treasurer —
M. T. Haynes, of Yazoo.
Tue complete ofits of the recent elec-
tion for Governor of Virginia make Leteher’s ma-
jority, 5470.
iti-Lecompton State Convention of Cali-
7 et as, ramento on the 15th ult., and
made the following nominations for State officers :
el Curry. Lieutenant-Governor—
John Conness. Clerk of Supreme Court—Joseph
Powell. State Treasurer—David R, Ashley,—
Comptroller — Geo, Pierce. Attorney-Geney
J.C. Steele. Stale Printer—Jobn O'Meara, Sur
veyor-General— James 8, Long.
News Paragraphs, 7
Tue venerable Dayid S ith, D. D., who spoke at
the dinner of the Massachusetts So: of Cincin-
nati, was probably the oldest person inthe country
who made an address on the 4th inst. He wasa
lad of nine years when the Declaration ofInde-
dependence was signed!
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
FOREIGN NEWS.
‘>
From the Seat of War,
Severna Steamers hare arrived during the week,
and each bas brought more or less intelligence from
thefieldofbattle. Atthebattle of Solferino, (abrief
acount of which was given in last Rurat,) no less
than 400,000 men were engaged, and Mr. Rarwown,
of the New York Times, writing from the scene,
remarks, “of this number not less than 30,000
were killed or disabled.” In a description of the
Position of the contending forces, Mr. R. says:
“y iglione rises a bi, D,
ee taken position Spor
nting u nel to
whic , and had
il over the sur-
rounding
challenge on
ft th 8 m
| they had a sHarpand protracted engagement. The
Austrians disputed every inch of the ground, and
fought here, as they did throughout the day, with
the utmost desperation. They were three times
driven out of the town before they would stay out.”
The Austrians haye abandoned the line of the
Mincio and fallen back on Verona, after haying
burned the bridges at Monzambano, Vallegio and
Goito. — =
A private dispatch from the French juarters,
dated the 8d says:—This morning lock, the
Emperor quitted Volta in order to cross the Min-
Ar Norwich, ct e the 4th, a party of juveniles
paraded the st1 With a banner, on which was
inscribed the following words :—* Young America.
Give us liberty, or give us confectionery,”
Ox the hillsides near Monte Cristo, California,
the wind catches up the snow drifts and makes
“spouts of the feathery crystals thirty tb fifty feet
high, just ss it would of the water at sea, onl
when the snow reaches the top ofthe spout it sepa-
rates and falls over like spray,
Tue proprietors of the Detroit and Milwaukee
Railroad have authorized the erection of a force
pump and convenient troughs in a building near
their depot in Detroit, for the purpose of accom-
modating their passengers with gratuitous ablu-
tions, where they may bathe and cleanse themselyes
with pure and refreshing water, a a lone ride
in the cars. Dressing rooms are soon to be added.
Tue remarkable exemption of the city of New
Orleans from yellow fever this year thus far, it is
believed, is due to the long continued overflow of
the Mississippi river. The theory that overflows
are preventives of this disease, is strongly defend-
ed in the New Orleans Medical Review, and is daily
becoming stronger in the public mind.
Zrxc is now produced in the lead mines near
Mineral Point, Wis.; and it is believed the amount
produced in Illinois and Wisconsin will be large.
If so, a new source of wealth is opened up in the
West.
PETIT Hor one
city of Philadelphia by Elliot Gresson, has been
paid over, The bequest is for the purpose of plant-
ing shade trees in the streets of the city, From
this wise investment there will be realized three
hundred dollars a year—enough to pay for planting
fifty or sixty trees annually,
Tax climate of Arizona is slightly warm at this
season of the year, On the 11th of June the ther-
mometer at Tubac, in the shade ofa cool hall, with
the floor sprinkled, stood at 106°, and yet it was
said that the “hot season” had not commenced!
Ar the Fourth of July celebration in Tronton,
Missouri, Capt. John Hall, one of Marion's men,
was present, Heis anative of North Carolina, and
will be 99 years of age on the 2lst of September
next. He supports himself by making brooms and
baskets, and has never received a pension, though
he fought gallantly during the Revolutionary war,
and distinguished himself at the battle of Guilford
Court House, N. C., March 15, 1781, where he was
Lieutenant of a company,
Mn. Narsaniat Morse, of Newburyport, Mass,,
Was fined $27 in the Police Court of that city, last
Saturday, for shooting ten robins, His defence
was that the birds yisited the cherry trees and
partook of the fruit. There seems to be a disposi-
tion in all parts of the Commonwealth to enforce
the law for the preservation of useful birds,
‘e
Mr. Raney is now again in London, taming fero-
cious horses, giving lessons to cavalry officers and
rough riders, and occasionally exhibiting his art
in public. When he returns to this country he
will bring the famous horse Cruiser with him,
A Torxavo 1s New York Ciry.—The tornado
of last evening, (18th inst.,) was the most violent
of the season, and lasted for two hours, accompa-
nied by incessant lightning and torrents of rain,
Many trees in the city and suburbs were uprooted
by the wind or shivered by the lightning. Build-
ings were unroofed and streets flooded. Many of
the railroad tracks in the city and vicinity were
made impassable by falling trees. A conductor
of one of the horse cars at Williamsburg was
Struck by lightning and badly injored, and several
horses were killed in the streets, A pleasure boat
Was capsized on the Passaic, near Newark, and
two young men drowned, Two young girls were
also killed,
Tae Kaxsas Gotp Mixes,—Later advices, to
Leavenworth, from the mines, say that prospect-
ing south of the present diggings has resulted in
| further gold discoveries. Good leads have been
struck seven miles below Jackson's, on’ Clear
Creek, and rich discoveries are also reported near
Boulder City. Denver City is increasing largely
in buildings and population, and there was an ac-
tive demand for provisions. All the indications
point to the re-establishment of confidence and
the steady development aa Kansas mines,
Awenican Iystirute oF Instruction. —The next
Annual Meeting of this body will be held at New
Bedford, Mass., August 298d, 24th and 25th, 1859,
It is anticipated that the meeting will be of more
than usual interest, and a rich programmic is
promised.
‘cio, and establish his head-quarters at Vallegio.
We are only four leagues from Peschiera, the siege
of which was begun tio days ago by the Sardini-
direction. The | ian advance post is but a
ans. Cannons "tan night and day in that
short distance from Villa Franca, which is occu-
pied by the corps of Marshal Neil. It is much
doubted that the Austrian army will venture to ac-
cepta battle in the condition of demoralization and
stupor into which they have fallen since our victory
at Solferino,
Frome, July 4.—It is asserted that Frei
troops, amounting to 10,000 men, have disembar!
at Lossino Piccalo, an island in the Adriatic, and
that tHelbridge to Churso, an adjacent island, had
been destroyed.
Vaureai0, July 4—(Oflicial.)—The French army
increased by Prince Napoleon's corps, will operate
‘inst Verona, whilst part of the Sardinians be-
gin the seige of Peschiera, The Emperor havin,
sent back the wounded, without exchange, an:
having requested an exchange of prisoners, an
Austrian has arrived with the announcement that |
the Emperor of Austria will also send back, with-
out exchange, the wounded eeeners of the allies,
and that his Majesty is equally desirous for the ex-
change of others.
Torin, July 4.—(Official.)\—On the 29th ult. the
Sardinians more closely invested the interior forti-
fications of Peschiera, situated on the north bank
of the Mincio. Our army crossed the river on the
80th, to invest Peschiera, also on the left bank.
wards the Stelviopns= A report was current that
the Austrians had eptered Verona, The Herald's
Turin corresponden& says, that 20,000 beds bad
been ordered dot¥n from Milan to Breschia and 10,-
000 from Turin. There were great complaints of
alas of provisions in the villageoccupied by the
easentl left Parma on the 28th for Napoleon's
head-quarters. He had an enthusiastic reception
at all the places he passed through, from Turin to
Parma, and delivered many addresses. The organi
zati the Hungarian legion advanced rapidl
Still Later Intelligence, ° ‘
Tae steamer City of Washington arrived at New
York yesterday P. M., and the telegraph this
morning (Tuesday,) puts us in possession of the
following additional intelligence
The Paris correspondent of the London Times
says, letters from the headquarters of Prince Napo-
leon state that another great battle is expected on
the banks of the Adige, and the Austrians are be-
lieved to have 200,000 men in the line. French
battalions are organizing at Paris. The Zimes
also says that it is now pretty clearly understood
that Prussia will only act on the defensive,
Reliable information had reached Vienna that
Garibaldi’s men had violated the Tyrol by entering
Tonale Pass. Prince Windischgratz had been
absent to Berlin to acquaint the Prussian Goyemn-
ment of this fact. 2
A Frankfort letter Kotouncesmtat the Austrian
Goyernment, having been compelled by the battle
of Solferino to dispatch to the theatre of war those
troops which it had in reserve in the Tyrol, that
province being consequently menaced by invasion
by Garibaldi’s corps, intends to propose to the
Diet in virtue of the treaty of Vienna, which re-
quires the German States to guarantee each other’s
German territory, to send a German army into the
Tyrol.
_ Kossuth has issued @ proclamation, calling the
Hungarian nation to arms to struggle for liberty,
and announces that he will'seon be among them.
The Jnvalide Russe discusses the possible com-
plications of the war. Prussia, it says, has called
out an army of $00,000 men, which will be rein-
forced by a federal contingent of 150,000 men, and
it is with such an enormous display of force that
she proposes to offer her mediation to France, and
to hasten the conclusion of a peace, but such an
armed mediation constitutes 2 kind of ultimatum,
Is not France entitled to reply that the conditions
of peace ought to be proposed by all the great
powers, conjointly, not by Prussia alone, and that
Such an armed mediation made by a single power
is equivalent to a declaration of war? But when
to maintain the possessions in Italy, a
German army of mn men shall be put in mo-
tion to attack France, the Palmerston-Russell
administration remain indifferent spectators to a
new confederation? The English Ministry will
most certainly not allow the new war to begin
without first exhausting all the powers of persua-
sion.
Itis stated that the proposels made by Prussia
on the extraordinary sitting of the Federal Diet
2d. The appointment to the commander-in-chief
of the four non-Prussian nd non-Austrian corps
dé avmee. . .
8d. The placing of all resorye contingence in
readiness to march, -
Gneat Brirary.—In the House of Lords, Lord
Brougham called attention to the war Tumor, ask-
ing if there was any truth in the report that Goy-
ernment intended to reduce the navy esti
Duke Somerset denied the truth of dt
Earl Hardwick eulogized the late Gov:
their efforts to sti the navy, and gave
ous statistics to show that even yet itwas not what | a
wi
it ought to be. Lord Ellenborough fully ecog-
nized the necessity of placing the navy in a
ndition, but trusted that some attention
voted to the army.
Touse of Commons Palmerston announc-
t tention of the new Ministry to pursue the
policy of strict neutrality with reference to foreign
affairs. Also announced that a reform bill would
be introduced immediately after the meeting of the
next session of Parliament.
Milnor Gibson had accepted the Presidency of
the Board of Trade, declined by Mr. Cobden.
France.—A Te Deum was chanted at Notre
Dame on Sunday, for the victory at Solferino, The
same thanksgiving took place in all the places of
worship throughout France,
Naval preparations were never more active at
Toulon and Bronte. Another divisionof the army
of Lyons leaves for Italy, and immense quantities
of projectiles of all kinds continue to be forwarded.
Prussta:—Prussia is said to have given positive
assurance that the rece: asures with regard to
her military forces are not taken with a view of
hostilities, and that France may remain perfectly
tranquil on that score,
On the 14th there was an extraordinary sitting
of the Federal Diet at Frankfort, when Prussia
presented new and further proposals respecting the
establishment, extersion and command of the corps
of observation on the Rhine.
A Berlin correspondent of the Times says, that
the Prussian proposals were in the hands of Eng-
land and Russia. The writer says, that by the end
of the week the Prussian army will be in full
march, Two corps de armee will be stationed on
ilesian frontier, in case of an “unexpected
on that pai ussia. On the lower and
iddle Rhine 140, russians will be stationed.
When these preparations are completed, Prussia
will probably make her proposals to France, and
will unquestionably be refused. The same corres-
pondent gives an outline of the propositions, which
include the erection of Venice into separate King-
dom, with the Arch-Duke Maximilian as King.
CosnrercraL— Breadstuffs, — Richardson, Spence &
Co. quote breadstuffs tending downward. Flour was
Offered at higher prices, but sales quite unimportant —
The quotations sre 10s6d@18s6d. ‘The prices of wheat
are easier, but without any decided change, Western
red was quoted at 8&@9sdd; Southern white 9s@10s.
would
x
o
All quotations of corn had ‘declined slightly. Mixed
5s10GOs114 ; yellow Ssl0d@63da ; white 7s@7a9.
visions,—Pork is heavy, with but little inquiry. mn
unchanged. Business moderato,
Clippings from Foreign Journals,
Tne Vienna correspondent of the London Times
burgh, Russia.
sass
oper | jish
died at Washington on
Clingman and Sumner, are no)
free hydrants for the benefit of the thirsty,
had four legs, one body and head, and twe bila, -~
$2,000 In England to trot 20 miles within an hour,
ment.
ployed in the St. Lor
Martha Haines Butt, by the Harrisburgh
Institute.
$20,000 wo
New ¥
Che News Condenser,
— The cholera hagmade its appearance atSt Peters
—The public debt of the United States on July st
as $65,265,000. -
— The Central Park
is the largest city
|
pholsterer named Blair, in Albany, ae
beds for the French army in Italy, 2
lore than 1,500 hogs were killed by the falling of
m-building in Cincinnati last week.
oh n'é Saloon,” a famous Broadway cstab~
ment, i Closed to be opened no more.
— Brevet Major Bidgley, of the United States Army,
ednesday last.
— Three United Sales Halong deasrs Seward,
w in P, ,
*
— The Stato of Maine will have alarger hay crop this
ear than has been known for some time,
— The New York Common Council have ordéred
— A chioken was hatched in Gloucester, Mass,, which
—The horse Jack Rossiter has been matched for”
<
— There are in Middleton township, Bucks county, —
Pa., 143 persons of the age 60 years and upwards,
— The Tioga county bank and the ban! ‘Lawronce
Co., Penn., have been discredited at Philadelphia.
—In Albany, complaints have been made against
niheiof the city bakers for short weight in thelr loaves,
— The Emperor of Austria is one of the best linguists
Jn the empire, He speaks Ulgteen languages perfectly.
— Daniel BE. Siolktes has become reconciled to hia wife,
nd is now living » her in a state of devoted attach-
statcmaat the capital em-
eer browerles is nearly $20,~
— The Handels-Ze'
00,00. s
— Aman died in city the of New York Wednesday
weok supposed of yellow fever. He was buried ina
hurry,
a
— The Coinage Commissioners of Great Britain have
decided against the use of the Docimal System at
present,
— The city council of Toledo has contracted for boring
and finishing. twenty Artesian wells in difforent parts of
that city. e
*
— Seventy fugitive slaves lately arrived in Canada
from Tennessee, the largest company that ever escaped
together. e
: .
— The degree of A. M has been conferred upon Miss
(Pa) Female
*
— Complaint is made of a Jong protracted drouth in
certain districts of Mississippi, Georgia, Texas, and
Louisiana. Lg
. : *
— Mr. Pan), 8 trader at Superior City, P| about
of fine furs a few days ago to Kurepe via
i Haven boy, a son of Samuel Ware, Esq, ia
sehanic in the railroad machin St. Petere-
ére thirty-six American seagoing véesels
Oring the last month as wrecked, missing, or
Most miraculous if the Empire escapes dissolution,
‘TueReare now fourteen steamships employed by
Scotch Companies in the whale ands heries
of the Arctic regions, Wabrlee t of the
American Companies @ yet employed steam
vessels in fishing operations. So successful have
been these Scotch fishing steamers that their
number is increasing every year.
Many of the Austrian prisoners will be
ed to Algeria, to be employed there on the rail by
Ir is mentioned that the army in Italy is almost
without shoes, and that owing to the scarcity of
Jabor in Paris, the government, cannot get them
made by contractors. The Mayor of each arron-
dissement has intimated to all the shoemakers,
large and small, that the government will require
about 70,000 pairs to be ready in fifteen days. —
Every shoemaker will have end in a certain
quantity, according to his means, and itds hoped
to collect about a million pairs in this way.
Accounts from Scotland state that the drouth
|during May and part of June, was more severe
than during any past year since 1826. The rivers
Earn and“Tay were nearly dry—the famous Doon,
immortalized by Burns, would slide through a
measure, and other well known streams and rivers
were thoroughly dried up.
Tue impression existing that the Emperor Fran-
cis Joseph is himself responsible for the defeat of
his army at Solferinoisconfirmed. He insisted on
giving battle on the 24th, in opposition to the wish
of Gen. Hess, The result is very unfortunate for
him, and must hayea dispiriting effect on the
Austrian army.
Tue North China Herald of April 27th, thinks
there is considerable doubt if the proposed em-
bassy from Japan to the United States will take
place. The conservative party, who are opposed
to all innovations, are determined to prevent the
infraction of the law which prohibits Japanese
from leaving their country.
2S Se eee
Wnueat Lower tHay Conn.—Says the Chicago
Tribune of the 14th inst:-—“ Yesterday afternoon,
an operator offered to give 1,000 bushels Standard
Spring Wheat for the same amount of No. 1Corn;
but he could not find any one to trade with him.—
The fact is, that No. 1 Corn was nominally one
cent higher than Standard Spring Wheat—rather
4 singular fact in the grain trade. Since the fore-
going was penned, our ‘Commercial’
that subsequent to the above offer being refused,
wheat rose to the level of corn, and several thou-
sand bushels were exchanged even.””
0
Lance Deposits 1x THe Sayinas Banks—Pros-
PERITY OF THE Wonrxix@ Cuasses.—The New York
Herald says the best evidence that thelate financial
revulsion through which we have passed has not
very seriously affected the working classes jn that
city, is to be found in the amounts deposited in the
Savings Banks. In the Savings Banks of New
7
q'
on the 4th, were the following:
Ist, The junction of the 9th and 10th corps de
ermee to the Prussian army.
millions of dollars deposited, bearing interest at
and Equador.
ernment is considered certain.
‘about to be married to Mrs. Thayer, (nee Grangor,)
York and Brooklyn, there are upwards of thirty | widow of the late John E. Thayer, of Boston.
asserts that for the lashten Yearsmatters have been | otherwise lost.
so terribly managed in Austria, Thatie wi bea Gov. Hicks, of Maryland, has lost bls eldest
daughter and his youngest som within the short space
of seven days.
— The town of Woodbury, Conn., last week celebra-
ted the occasion of its reaching the ripe old age of two
hundred/years.
8 just been
progress of
— The first street railroad in St Lowla
leted. Great rejolcings followed
\tiatory car.
— The Chicago Tribune claims a population of 149,-
000 for that city, taking the last two directoricwns a basis
for the calculation, re e
7
— The nutmeg tree in the East Indies has been seized
with a disorder that not only is ralningiahe\erop, bot
killing all the trees. .
+
— The Pope has made a demonstration in token of
his neutrality by canonizing on the same day an Austrian
and a French sajnt.
— A party of four persons from New Bedford caught
(00 pounds of sword-fish Thursday week, twenty-five
miles below the city.
— A new paper is soon to be commenced in London,
by Dr. Chas. Mackay, Several distinguished Amegleans
are to be contributors,
— The fruit crop in California this year, according to
the San Francisco Herald, will amount to between six
and seven million dollars,
— The papers are freighted with 4th of July casual-
ties. Boores of youth have been killed or maimed from
the careless use of powder.
—The Albany Argus estimates that the canal reve-
nués of the State of New York for1859, will be $200,000
or $300,000 lower than in 1857,
— Since the North Carolina University bestowed the
degree of LL, D. on the President, some of the papers
peak of him as Dr. Buchanan.
—New revolutions bave broken ont in Chill, Peru,
In the latter State the defeat of the gov-
— A ficet of canal boats, five in number, arrived at
Oswego, from Canada, with one hundred tuns ¢ach of
leached ashes for New York.
—The Fall River (Mass) Newsssys thatitis 19 months
since the services of the fire department have been re-
uired within the limits of that clty,
— Tha Probate Court of Cincinnati has awarded the
city $260,000 damages for the use of certain of its high-
ways by the Btreet Railroad Company.
— MoMahon, the new Duke of Magenta and Marshal!
of France, is descended from one of the refugees Who
came to France with English James II,
— One of the passengers in the late disaster upon the
Michigan Southern Railroad settled with the company
informs UB | for the loss of his wife and child for $500.
—WMen in Milwaukee are gambling in breadstuffs,
They engage to sell or to buy 50,000 to 59,000 bbls, when
the daily receipts are not over 15,000 bbls.
—The sale of the Collins steamships of the Pacific
Mail Co. {s confirmed. The steamers sold are the At-
antic, Baltic, and Adriatic—price $800,000.
— During the eight days following the Fourth, no less
Bellovue Hospital,
than 200 patients were admitted to
New Yor, to be treated for cuts and bruises,
— It is roportod that Charles Sumner, now in Paris, is
— atalate anniversary of the San Francisco Sunday
rates varying from four to six per cent., which School Union, ikwas stated that the association com-
have been made since the Ist of January, 1859.
prises 263 teachers, 1,400 sebolars and 14 schools.
v
s
ij
1
CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER.
i
AGRICULTURAL.
Do Potatoes Mix in the HIn?.
Water Pipe—Housebold Duti
Inquiries and Notes —Paloting Lightolng Rods; Than-
der Souring Milk, &c,; Ruta Bagas Golng to Seed
Marking Sheep
Bills’ Patent Coulter Clear
“Wy
Sowething for Horse Owners.
Black Bpaniah Fowls.
About Horses
Improvement in Well-Bo
A Few Words about Bees—Inqulry.
Bowing Winter Rye with Buckwheat .
paeveee
we
‘the Press—Peed the Land and it
of Vetehes: Corn Ouiture: Root
tural Matiers in Kanaas.......
oriculteral Mistony Premium of $100 for Best
4 eres of Wheat: Wheat Harvest; The Rural inthe
ses at Faire: A. Ulnk on oe
8 ue
HORTICULTURAL.
The Seaton,.....
Vine Culture al Hammondsport..
Mammoth Rhubarb,
Balt for Wire Worms and Qu:
‘The Beale Insects, (Illustrated)...
Diseased Pear Trees ....00. 2...
Union Shade Tree Association .
American Black Raspberry. .
Silver Fir and Deciduous Cypress
Bod Land for Strawberries.
Ple-plant Wine........
The Crocus in America, and the Rural in Burope
Pield Cultare of Smail Fruits .
“| aia gaer Insects.
.
‘Grass.
SSUBBBBESEEENSY BE
DOMESTIO ECONOMY.
Pricaseed Turkey: Balad Dressing;
Tiatter Padding: Lemon Pie; Strawberry Short-cake;
Fried Besse
Cake: Mountain Cake: Jenny Lind Oake
Tomatoes in a New Style; Picking Beef., 239
LADIES’ OLIO,
‘The Dying Wife, (Poetical:] Plain Talks to American
Womeo—No, XV; A Cruel Pashion,, 0
CHOICE MISOBLLANY.
Birlye and Hope, Dri Poort Appearance
of Uterary Jelebrities Poor to Live inthe City
ar -
Rall
Tea 0
ren.
SABBATH MUSINGS.
The Time for Tr, {Poetical ;) A Fremani ‘Times
of Trial; Defective ‘Religion... ~ 310
Saas
Commen res in Rochester athe Dalveaiay < of
Rochester - M1
USEFUL OLTO,
AShort bineinick bono Money;
Origin of the Prairie:
afepine Rooms
’ ‘OUNG RURALIST,
Gapes in Chickens; Springs and Tides
STORY TELL
Conversntion) (Poetleal: Ro: or the Youthf
gO Brees Tals or tiverslas een aor the Kouthtulg
From the Pacific Side,
‘Tae steamer Star of the West arrived at New
York on the 12th, and brought nearly a million
ond three-quarters in treasure. She left Aspin-
wall on the 8d, and Key Wost on the Sth instant.
Rich discoveries of gold had been made in the
‘Coast range mountains, Humboldi
i
ival of sevoral clip,
Was progressing,
ised to be more abundant than for
Oregon advices state that the jia and
Willamet rivers wore very hin, causing greav
destruction of property.
The Columbia river was 45 feet above low water
mark between the Cascades and the Dallas, and
the whole country was submerged from the Cas-
cades to Vancouver—not twenty mores were above
Water,
Fraser river had risen twelve fect in four days,
causing great damage along the banks. Fort
Yale, together with all the houses on the bench |
were overflowed, and several bad been swept away.
Mining operations were entirely suspended. Coal
had been discovered near Queensboro. Governor
Douglass and Col. Moody had made the trip to the
“north entrance of the Frazer river, and found fine
tracts of land.
Advices from Peru mention another revolution
under the lead of Zeballos, Castillo, Eehenique | Ou
and othe:
The revolution in Equador, under Moreno, had
become quite threatening. The regular Basta
going over to the insurgents, the defeat of the
Government forces was considered certain.
Guayaquil is still blockaded by the Peruvian
fleet,
Dates from El Paso to the 28th of June state
That the Apaches had stopped and robbed the mail
Coaches near Ferson. They had also robbed the
Patagonian Mining Company of several thousand
dollars worth of property. Other minor depreda-
tions bad also been perpetrated by them, and they
had committed one murder at the copper mines,
There was much consternation at Sonora, at the
rise of the Apala and Yaque Indians, who are de-
feating the ican government troops and ad-
vancing on the settlements,
Ixpian Trovsixs.—The Omaha Nebraskian of
the oth vibes accounts of serious Indian depreda-| {
tions in Dodge county, Nebraska, Some 3,500
Pavwnoes bad started on a buffalo bunt, and while
waiting for the Omahas, encamped on the west
side of the Elkhorn, near Fontenelle. Parties of
‘a Shen pe visits to tho white settlements in
hg ood, and conduct & man-
ner as to alarm and distress ie mae Crops
Se gre stock driven off, and houses plun-
neral massacre was feared, and the
a inhabitants sent off for succor, ae
and mounted
Men at once se
of the Indians, Dividing the ae
Westher for the First Half of July. ©
Axoruxn balf month of rather singular weather.
rapid, and the return to the point of another
change quic! ‘he country, too, has been visited
with numerous storms of wind ‘and rain, usually
‘attended with much lightning and thunder. The
mean heat of this half is 70.4, or a little above the
average for 22 years.
‘The last four days of June but one, were very
‘Warm, the last was quite cool; the first of July
‘was a little warmer, but some frost was seen in the
morning. There wes frostalsoon the 4th and 5th;
on th
stin some places. Grapes were very une-
qually injured by frost. Strawberries and cherri
have abounded this year. The bigh wind of the
2d, however, closed the season of strawberries.
Rain has been less than usual for more than «
month, and for the last fortnight the earth was
athirst for rain; crops were suffering greatly.
On the 15th came the long-hoped for rain, and the
earth sang aloudfor joy. Violentstorms and great
rains haye occurred over much of the country,
Mowing has been done for a fortnight, andthe
wheat harvest began about a week since. Severe
tornado and rain at Mt. Morris at2 P, M., July 2d,
snd the same day at evening at Albany and down
the Hudson to New York; in Berkshire Co., at 11
in the evening. At New York again the lath.
The rain of the 15th was 1.416 inches, a very great
mercy to all.—c. z
Ixcrease or Immigration.—The N. ¥. Courier
& Enquirer says the immigration to that port up
to the 18th inst., amounted to 42,773 persons
sgainst 40,561 up to the corresponding period of
last year. The emigrants seem to be of a better
class this year, judging from the number of in-
mates in the institutions on Ward's Island, 714
against 1,215 last year, and1,416 the year previous,
The arrivals last week numbered 2,775.
Special Notices.
Mosquirors.— An Antidote for the poison of mos-
quitoes, bees, wasps, and other annoying insects has
been found in Burnett's Kalliston, prepared by
Joseru Burnett & Co. This preparation con
peculiar property which instantly neutralizes the poison,
and allays the inflammation caused by bites and stings
of insects.—Boston Journal,
Markets, Commerce, &c.
Rorat New-Yorker Oprice,?
~ Rochester, July 19, 1859. §
Fuoun—Again do we note a reduction in the rates of
Flour, On winter wheat yarietles the decline {s equal to
25@50 cents # barrel—on spring 60@41,00. Holders are
anxiously looking for customers,
Gnatx—A large falling off is noticeable In quotations of.
Wheat, but we must say that the prices given are merely
nom{nal—nothing is Aoanaepailery, are awaiting the al
pearance new \d all are expecting (will their
ctatl realized ?) urchase very
we notice a decline In Inferlor—No. 1
Heiae ORE eatily oriny 9v Senta poker ates asain
poorer grades are fifi
at48, an advance of 3 cents # bushel. Buckwheat is down
\in, and it would be labor to procure our pFesent figures
of 50@60 cents # bushel,
Woor—The transactions of the week are light, While
there is an evident tendency to higher prices for coarse
gradea, superior remains at old quotations, Potatoes are
lower, Old are worth only 60@624—new 75@88 cents #
‘bushel,
Hay—The indications are an advance. Although we do
not alter our table, an occasional load is sold at the rate of
917,00 # tun, and itis only in cases of very inferior quality,
or of clover quite green, that only $10,00 {s obtained, Good
hay brings #16,00 very readily.
Rochester Wholesale Prices,
FLOUR AND GRAIN. Eee, dozen, --M@lic
Flour, Wink whee, S7,0a?, 560 | Honey, box. 156@ 6c
Flour, &] Ve & do. .89,25005,50 | Candies, box: ee
Le buck whe: _ Favirs AND Roo
10@ Apples, bushel ,
002020, 09
90,00,
Hinks aN Skins,
S4@7c
Shoulders
Chickens,
Produce and a eat Markets,
NEW yor!
cents lower,
for extra Sta 3 a 3
for extra Wes
fresh ground ras “ohlo
closing heavy. ~
naix—Wheat market heavy and lower. Sales at 150c fcr,
white Missouri; 165@1#2c for new white Southern; 1:
for pew red do, and white Kentucky on p, t.
Me, Barley dull, Gorn buoyant: gal
aaa mixed Western jn sores sie
I py round yellow: We for Southern ye
lower ‘and dull at Ap ie fo onRtate: 40450 Epona ae
}OVISIK ork Sales i 915,99@15,90
for mess; imo int thin me 915,00 for sour mess; #12,00
forprime, Lard Sales at 104@1L4c, Butter dull'at
1@15c for Ohio; These for State, Cheese quiet atagere,
Ce urrAla. July 18—Fiovr—Inactive and the market
tending downward, Sales at @3 for sour; #4,00@4.50 £30 40 fot
State and are MWinols from Chicago spring whea'
§,00 for do Wisconsin from club b eueat 60000 (0
meta andiaos and Ohio; $6,25@6,75 for double: extras.
Grats—Wheat dall and lower, Sales red Ohio bagged at
in
les at 860 for
for old do in
Tee G. Bi Head a ‘Gara closed old nd 140 for new soars
roe of othe grate lorn closed dall; sales Illinois at 7ic.
OSWEGO, July 18—FLour—Duil.
Gxarx—Wheat continues dull, with a declining tendency.
aug twenty ‘on to De Witt, where
s Were enticed into a house, and ail
captoring the whole party. But
their guns ana fired
™. The fire
ok place, in
the nui
the Chiefs—and several wou: =
nnded
treated. De Witt wasdepouplacet
nt to
ere ee
ha Riess 0 Sat
e
one
gagemen'
killed.
des)
ve Black also eitiene outa
ithout material change ; sales 6,000 ols at BOC.
INTO, July 16.—Fi
JO! ‘ONTO, July Love Is still very dull, business
fined to the retall trade for h eye
The stock is - light, and Is retailed nominally at @uones
¥p Tone Ine; eee! for fancy ee ra.
business
has been rey restricted in wheat Owing to th ers = ates
of the supplies brought on good demand
‘wheat commands 6s Sats 6d ei’ bushel, Tn bari
Deas so little ly doing that they are unquotable.—
oe Markets.
continues to prevail, Dut so Umnlied is set ote offerin
m0
D ce ing
cang
e.
Fass? CA int jnality, 00; aoe
common do, sntsste a do, ~
mtn do ye) jor eer do,
sar | es si sie reas li. iy ahaa na: f
vi quality, cla; other qualities, 6@6Nc.
sume ‘arya
juality,
inf
much injury was done, Oats were killed
In|
me
ALBANY, July 18—Osrrixe We auotels
marking me of the Tower ¢ grades pureh
seuchine ts ceo
This
Recon gual
iS — st week was
s0 ear butin view of the number offertoe gine
foes Haase Spin woaeget will not brise naoee teak
"ne t 0 more than
5.0% and from that gure prices slide down to’ #2, accant
= to grade.
Hoos—Very few here. ee zz cannot learn of any sales.
We quote nominally oa6e
Ps) Cows—An Goeagional sale is made, and we quote
at #25@65, according to quality,—Argus,
CAMBEIDG! July 13 —At market 1,156 cattle, ed 1
beeves, and tes stoves consistiog Of Working 0; a
and one, two ra
Prcet—Market — Extra, #3,25@5,58: first quali
255 ey do, $5,256,505 Uhird do, $5,000.00;
inary do, $4.00. e
o
Wo.
ea :
1, 922,08
Srores—Yearlings,
lots, #1,50,
cea
2 BRIGHTON, July 14.—At market, ves, 17
at ao a sas
ATTLE—Extra, O05 frst gualtt
cond quality, $7, os esi Tron. ‘
KING Ox a 100:
years old.
ts, 50c
Tallow,
EAL CALvEs—45,! 09.
Vera Cay
Bronss—Y. age Monette vedrs old, $226.27; three”
years oli,
TiDs—iKasxe Wm Calf skins, 1S@ltc oD.
TatLow—Siles at 7@iKe ® BD.
acl
pr i ples, 6@bc; retall, 6@7c; fat hogs, none.
TORONTO, July 16,—Beef continues to meet a pretty ae.
tive demand, and is worth #5 to 86 ® 100 Bs., on took for
Prime, and $4 aes for second cls
‘Suxer are plentiful at #3 each, Calves are also plentiful
ait wos cach. ieebae cf re well supped sla at e600 en eh
‘ALLOW still sells al are held al 0
ns, Sheep skins Tad cach, Calfskins 7d wD.
ba
The Wool Markets,
NEW. 7 YORK, ala u.
eno 5
firm)
at, qOza08
7
the prices current
ee moderate request at near ral
30@48c for No, 1 city andl
Be in aoe sup} ply at ant
ined ; fea Dous
on sm private forma ‘We quote
Am. Saxony fleece, ® BD.
Ax: fu full biog Merino
. pulled .
Caltfornia, fine, wawaabe
California, common do
Peruvian, washed.
Valparaiso, unwas!
mon, washed
. Am. Rios, washed
8. American, unwashe
S Am. Cordova, washed.
East India, washed .
African, unwashed
BOSTON, uly 14.—There is no change to notice In fleece
niled wool, | New comes forward slowly, and thestock
fal ht, The sales of the week have bern Ta, at pri-
ces indicating no change, The transactions (n foreign com-
aa ballots Peruvian and 100 bales Cape on private
rms,
Western mixed
Smyrna, washed .
Do. unwashed,
We tate tendency of the
scarce and in wey
eacoeahianee ‘a
CHICAGO, Tuly Wome market
have thus far operated very cau!
the farmers ask too high, no) ied by the porte
of future trade, It is repdeted fe wool of this clip is
mostly in better conditismthan that of the preceding year,
Tt seems rensonable to suppose that there will be left agreat
deal of fleece wool unsold in the hands of the ‘armers un-
der such circumstances. Pulled wool has been compara-
tively quiet during the pastweek. Within the last fow days,
however, holders have expressed more confidence in better
Prlceaand, a better demand; this Is because of the new rates
cing established for the new clip, ‘The following are the
xhuae rates
‘#—Common native, 25@20c; quarter blood, 2@Slo:
halt ye 81@35c; three quarter blood, si@#Se; full
load, 87@42e.
. 1, 20@25; superfine, 30@95; extra, B5@10;
double extra, WhaiheDemeorar
Putiep—
CLEVELAND, July 14.—Receipts large
Buye
fe fi The dealers
st ‘the ra
nd increasing.
in this market are paying for nutive and common,
®,, S0G@%; quarter blood, 85@36: half blood, o@88;
Shred quarter blood, 40G42; fall blood, 41@48; fancy clips,
- Advertisements,
7... Re ecisins ae. Five Gents a Ling, each
Insertion, SrectaL Norices—following reading matter, and
leaded—Fifly Cents a Line, each insertion, 18 aDVANOE.—
(27 The circulation of the Rorat New-Yorker far exceeds
that of any similar journal In America or Europe, rendering
it altogether the best Advertising Medium of {ts class.
Al transient advertisements must be accompanied
with the cash, or a responsible reference, to secure insertion,
Mhosewheead under tuementa to be published at ariccs
yes rspealty, are Fespectfully advised that we are not Ina
osltion to
low any one to dictate terms—especlally when
he demand upon our columns, at published rates, exceeds
the space appropriated for Adv 1B.
eee SALE-—4 miles from Batavia Station, in the Put-
nam Settlement, one 8 year old Devon Bull, of fine
form a pedigree. Also, ean a ade Shorehern alters.
Also, Berkshire for sale at a low
a0 | qzures by” OU Css] WALTER COLE.
PpUPS—Bups— pos. —We are ready. to furnieh
Nurserymen se a ma ean ee \T THE LoW-
(ot
HoT RATES SECUrCH FOASON, MERRELL i HAMMOND.
Geneva, July 13,
GREAT CURIOSITY.
We have one of the greatestcurfositles and most yaluable
Inventions in the known world, for which we want agente
3 5
Mee Fall RHA CLARK, Biddeford, Malne,
STRAWHBERRIES-
WILSON’S ALBANY SEEDLING,
The Best and Greatest Bearing Strawberry Known,
‘This fine fruit has ylelded with the subscriber this season,
7 ‘0 BUSHELS to the square rod, or over $00 BUSHELS TO THE
attants for sale in any goantliagst ® per 1,000; 93 for 500;
%, ey ean 400, anc Go tem before the firstlf October
yet
it is better to set them in August, or : BF the ore part of
Seotember. BUOH, in
Utlea, July, 1859. rat
UST Soe ae
THE EXPLANATORY QUESTION BOOK,
WITH ANALYTICAL AND EXPG@SITORY NOTES, AND AN
INTRODUCTION, BY REY RD N. KIRK, D. D,
ie most thorough and
en to the public, Itls
ide range of ais
meyer cee each
new and some-
ike and on
opposite page at
“ANALY
ane, notes have been t
Rey. Dr.
| eh ih Siuettitne x the
pul er in
Brie tunes Gt he er
minds than hie own tn &
ation,
ite eto Be alee, ts is in fact
entry col Itis
ftantlally bound. Pics
lopy for ‘receipt of een oe
country, on receipt o! eit nov 3
Por sale by all Booksellers In Roch:
ea gear |
es
tra large alze and sub-
id to any part of the
rohill, Boston,
~ 108-8
Sxe@5S tras.
4
STRAW
is now res
lest Varieties and directions for ont
Applican! oy mall, inclosing cents In
give Se The New Catalneue of 130 varieties ot Native | Tn
Ss Peonies, Datllan. ‘Re., will soon be
reat a y..
ed wilt be sent on same conditions.
N.Y. (6-1) WM. R. PRINCE & CO,
| Nae POWER OF FAITH.
A NARRATIVE OF SARAH JORDAN.
BY MRS. PL UPHAM.
‘Tuoge who live in the secret of the Most High, and exer-
cise a living and tender fellowship to all that relates to the
dealings of God with his choseo and ned ones, will
THE AUTUMN OF LIFE.
Berore r, in summer's heat,
Proudly the elms their braucbes spread ;
Cool verdure sprang beneath my feet,
And shadows played around my head;
Joyful I passed the eultry hour,
And mocked the sun’s meridian power,
But when, with withering hand, the frost
Shriveled the leaves, and gaunt and bare,
Their naked arms the olm tree tossed,
Whilo Autumn tempests rent the air,
1 mourned the summer's glories fled,
And copious tears of sadness shed.
When winter came, and cold and still,
Tho ice-king forged his frozen chain,
And over snow-clad yale and hill
Midpight assumed her solemn relgn;
Forth looking from my window bars,
Through the stripped limbs I saw tho stars,
‘Thus earthly loves, like summer leaves
Gladden but intercept our view;
But when bereft, the spirit grieves,
And hopes are crushed and comfort fow ;
Lo! in the depths of sorrow’s night
Beams forth from far celestial light
Choic
Y
6
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
“A RAINY DAY IN HAYING TIME.”
Ir is raining, raining—clouds settling on the
hill-tops—mists floating through the valleys—rain-
drops drawing long lines, slantwise, across the
features of the landscape, like the graining in
steel portraits. How the rain-drops patter on the
broad, scaly roofs of the farm buildings—on the
arbor, with its roof of leayes and its ceiling of
clusters—on the starched ruffles of the cabbage
rows—and on the hoof-worn pasture ledge! flow
cosily it sounds under the snug farm roof, with the
warm aad fragrant air of the fresh hay—the chirp-
ing of grasshoppers, and the clucking and prating
of the feathered dames, anxious about their nu-
merousfamilies! Itisraining—raining—raining/
Memories of past haying seasons como flocking
across the mind—banishing the present like the
dots and crooked paths (onthe window pane,) which
seem to blot out the fields and trees from our sight
to-day. Fifteen or twenty years ago there were
fewer machines but more hay-makers. And when
a rainy day like this came, they claimed it as o
holiday, and sat about the barn or leaned against
the new made mow, whiling away the time with
many along story. How deeply interesting to me
were the “long yarns” told in that ring of merry
hay-makers! Many an hour have I sat listening
to them, rejoicing that the same cause which com-
pelled them to hang up scythe and rake, also gave
me an excuse for “staying home from school,”"—
The rainy patter on the roof seemed all the while
reminding them that they were spending their
time as profitably as could be expected, since there
could be no work for them in the field,
Would that my pen could do justice to the char-
acter which my young imagination gave these
heroes of my youth. Memory presents them to-
day exactly as they seemed to me then. In every
band there is a leader, and Cuantes Harnis, on
account of superior merit, held this place among
the party which yearly swung their scythes over
my father's meadows, The man was not to be
found who could turn as smooth and broad a
swath in the hay-field—who could outshine him on
the training field at “muster” day—or who could
tell o better story for a rainy day. In youth he
had been remarkably strong and active, and many
were the stories he told of his exploits at the foot-
race, at leaping, wrestling, and the like—which
matches were more in vogue in New England
twenty years ago than they are now. He had
been, in earlier days, a raftsman on the Merrimac,
and this part of his life abounded in rare incidents,
He could embellish these interesting epochs with
all the skill of a Water Scort, though I presume
he had never read a book through in bis life, He
was one of those uncultivated, yet gifted spirits,
who are all the more lively and entertaining, be-
cause their style is natural and unformal, and
whose stories are the more interesting because
their lives have been a wild race through the
rough places of the world. He ha very fine
little farm of his own on the banks ie Merri-
macy but he always finished his own haying while
we were “mowing around the edges,” and was on
hand by the time the business commenced with us
in earnest, His brother Wits was one
of our company of hay-makers. Though his
‘match in the field, he could not have entered the
lists with him in the story-telling circle of the
rainy day, fis part, on these interesting occa-
sions, was usually to sit by and listen, now and
then siding his brother with his better memory.
They had been raftsmen at the same time, and
Wivrram seemed to recall the adventures and acci.
dents of their various ‘ drives,” more readil ythan
Cuantes. Very often, when the latter was pre-
paring for a grand effort, bia brother would set
~
Pa
Ler” would start off with su
soon drive all thoughts of or its require-
ments from my young head. “@aptain Bie” was
the familiar name of another of this band of wor-
thies. Itwas his frequent boast, that though he
carried a greater load of years than any of his
fellow-Juborers, he could atill 'y as wide a
Swath as the best of them. The old Captain had
been a powerful man in his day, no doubt, but
the many days of toil ond exposure he had
seen, and the many glasses of “ Pingley” he had
taken, bad shown their effects in weakening his
strong limbs and quenching the fire of his eye—
But as he grew older, and as his other powers
failed him, his tongue seemed to gain what these
bad Jost, and as a rainy-day story-teller, his supe-
Tior was not to be found. Besides, as he had seen
a longer life than the rest, his library of unwritten
experience—upon which he relied for the founda-
tion, at least, of his stories—was, consequently,
much larger than theirs. But he usually required
8 good drink of cider, fresh from the cellar, to
sbarpen his wits before commencing. And did
not the cunning old fox know, if he should just
hint that “‘when the boy came back he would tell
a wonderful fine story,” the cider would come all
the sooner? My only wonder is that I did not
sometimes, in my haste, leave the tap loose in the
barrel, thus meriting the tongueable displeasure of
higher powers. But I do not remember that such
an accident ever happened,
The memory of these early friends has always
been dear to me. The quaint maxims and rules of |
life learned from them, often contained much ster-
ling common sense, and at the timeT treasured
them up as sacred. I wasalwaysa favorite among
them, and never asked a reasonable favor of any
of their numbér, but it was readily granted. In
this, however, some of them were not altogether
free from selfish motives. They well knew that
“hittl Joe” beld almost absolute sway over a
well-stocked cellar, and that there were numerous
other important favors which it was in his power
to bestow.
Alas! Time’s changes! The two brothers now
sleep side by side in the country grave-yard, where
many of the graves are sunken, and the stones
leaning, and some of them fallen. My father was
with Cuances the night he died, and I remember
how anxious I was to ask about him, but could
not,—for the death of one who had always been so
happy and cheerful himself, and who could do so
much to make others so, seemed very strange and
solemn tome. The Captain, too, is there at rest,
with a head-stone above him bearing his true
name, not as familiar to his friends as the other,
Most of the rest are there also. Their families
have moved away, or are broken up, and when I
visit the old place [ find few traces of them, save
on their tomb-stones or in my own heart. Since
then, haying season bas found me in many places
—in New York, Ohio, and among the prairie and
ouk-openings of the Far West—and though it is
not in the usual course of my present occupation,
Icannot pass the season by without spending a
few days at haying, out of regard for the memory
of those who first taught me the mysteries of
handling a scythe. a.
Clarence, N. Y., 1859.
GRAVE AND GAY.
Be content with enough. You may butter your
bread until you are unable to eat it.
Wuar tree represents a person who persists in
incurring debts? Willow (will owe.)
Wuen ill news comes too late to be serviceable
to your neighbor, keep it to yourself.
Tue first time a woman marries is generally to
please another; the second time is invariably to
please herself.
Goon sense is the father of Wit, Truth his grand-
father, and Mirth and Good-humor his boon com-
panions,
A reyisixe barrister having asked a voter the
value of a house, the answer was, “ That depends
upon what sort of a wife there is in it.”
Tue following direction appeared on a letter re-
cently delivered in Auckland, Durham:—‘ For
Elizabeth Jane Spencer, a tall woman, with two
little boys.”
A snort time ago the following notice was stuck
up ot a tailor’s window, near Manchester:—
“Wanted, two apprentices; they will be treated
as one of the family!”
Vorratne, on one occasion, when his friends
were conversing on the antiquity of the world, ob-
served, “The world is like an old coquette —she
disguises her age,”
We notice scores of poctical effusions directed
to friends who are in heaven, Better give poetry
of the heart utterance in words and deeds of kind-
ness to friends upon earth,
A wag being by an acquaintance that Miss
Brown (who is rather a broad-featured young
lady,) bad a benign countenance, he replied, “Per-
haps you mean seven-by-nine.”
Aw outside passenger on a coach had his hat
blown over a bridge into the stream. “True to
nature,” said a gentleman who was seated beside
him, “a beaver naturally takes to the water.”
A reAcuer wishing to explain to a little girl the
manner in which a lobster casts its shell when it
has outgrown it, said, ‘What do you do when you
haye outgrown your clothes? You throw them
aside, don't yon?” ‘Oh, no,” replied the little
one, ‘we let out the tucks !"’
Ay old divine, cautioning the clergy against en-
gaging in violent controversy, uses the following
happy simile :—“If we will bo contending, let
contend like the olive and the vine, who shall pro-
duce the most and the best fruit; not likethe as-
pen and the elm, which sball make the most noise
in the wind.”
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
HAGAR IN THE WILDERNESS,
BY ELIZABETH BONTON,
‘Tix bond-woman's fofant Iles gaping,
Faint, weary, and ready to dic,
O'er his bosom his tiny bands olasping,
Balsod to heaven his dim Pleading eyo.
‘The pitiless heavens bend oer him,
Beats the sun on his sholiorless head,
Underneath, alt around, and before him,
Tho sands of tho desert are spread,
Unable to comfort or afd him,
His agonized mother weeps nigh,
Not daring to look whero she’s laid him
For, oh! she can not see him die,
Oh, oruel the master and father,
Who, alone in the desolate wild,
Sent to perish by thirst and by hunger
His handmaid and fnnocent child,
And did Ho not promise, that Boing
Whom master and mistress adore,
That the seed of the boy yonder dying
Should outnumber the sands on the shore?
No eye secs the tear, unavailing,
Tho life of her darling to save,
No ear boars hor impotent wailing,
Her own bands mast hollow his grave,
Lonely weopert no tear evor glistena
Unseen by one pitying oye,
Ono oar ever open still Llatens
‘To suffering humanity’s cry.
And lo! from Tis throne, carthward winging,
A bright pinfoned angel appears,
Relief for thy sufferings bringing,
Sad mourner, away with thy tears,
And learn that Gon’s goodneea abldotl
Though sorrow encompass theo round,
Some merciful purpose ho hideth, —_
When thou only seest his frown,
eae a
GOODNESS OF GoD. * 4
T av less and less anxious to make formal vindi-
catoing of the goodnessof God. It needs’ no advo
cate. It will take care of itself, in apite of clouds.
Men, who have eyes, believe in the sun, and none
but the blind can seriously question the Creator's
goodness. We hear indeed of men led into doubts
on this point by their sufferings; buttheso doubts
have generally a aeeper source than the evils of
life. Such skepticism is a moral disease; the |
growth of some open or lurking depravity, It is .¥
not created, but brought into light by the pressure
of suffering. Itis indeed true that a good man,
in seasons of peculiar, repeated, pressing calami-
ties, may fall into dejection and perplexity, His”
faith may tremble for the moment. Tho passing t
cloud may hide the sun. But deliberate, habitual i
questions of God's benevolence argue great moral
deficiency. Whoever sees the glory and feels
within himself the power of disinterested good-
ness is quick to recognize it in others, especially ia
his Creator. He sees in his own love a sign, ex-
pression, and communication of Uncreated, Un-
bounded, All-originating Love. Tho idea of
malignity in the Infinite Creator shocks his moral
nature, just as a palpable contradiction offends hia
reason. He repels it with indignation and horror.
—Channing.
*
a
MODERN ELIJAHS.
Ir is not well always to look on the shady side
of affairs. There are men who came into existence
under a shadow, and the shadow has dogged their
lives, and all that is bright, and pure, and beauti-
ful, takes the sombre hue of their own fancies.
Their religion consists in bemoaning the evils of
the world, in lamenting the gradual decadence of
good, und in regarding all home evils and foreign
complications as “signs of the times.” They are
the Elijahs, who retire into the wilderness of thoir
own contemplations, saying, “I, even I, only am
left,” unconscious that all the time there are not |
only the “seven thousand who have not bowed the
knee unto Baal,” but that multitudes are every-
where obeying the gospel call. They are the Jo-
nabs sitting under the gourds of their own security,
amazed that the judgments of God do not descend
upon a guilty world. These hypochondriacs are
seldom found» ameng the earnest workers, who |
seek to leave the world better than they found it, D
but among those who see its evils and sit by with
folded hands.
————~o<——
A Gtontovs Tuic.—Men of the world are
sometimes ashamed to pray, and are unwilling to
be scen in a praying circle; but they only pro-
claim their spiritual ignorance and blindness,
The following paragraph indicates more wisdom
and discernment:—As John Foster approached
the close of life, and felt his strength gradually
stealing away, he remarked on his increasing j
weakness, and added, ‘‘ But I can pray, and that
is a glorious thing.” Truly a glorious thing;
more glorious than an atheist or pantheist can
ever pretend to. To look up to an omnipotent
Father, to speak to him, to love him; to stretch
upward a3 o babe from the cradle, that he may
lift his child in his everlasting arms to the resting-
place of his own bosom—this is the portion of the
dying Christian. He was overheard thus speaking
with himself:—‘O, death, where is thy sting?
0, grave, where is thy victory? Thanks be t/
US| God, who giveth us the rictory, through our
vai
Jesus Christ.” The eye of the terror-crow!
was upon him, and thus he defied him—Fanily
/
{
Binur Prowsges.—Thoy arelike the beams @ the
Treasury.
++
7
ee °
How many sickly ones wish they were healthy;
Son beggarmen wish they we ae
eaany. oe
ny wy ones wish they w, how many
| stupid ones wish they were y Nj
clors wish they were married; how many Bene i
wish they had tarried | le or double, life’s full
of trouble—riches are s pleasuro’s abubble.
sun, which shine as freely in at the windoyg of a
poor man’s cottage as the rich man’s palag
eee
“Tooxrxe Urwanp.—He who seldom pinks of
aven, is not likely toget there ; as the Pay to hit
a mark is to keep the oye fixed uponét.—Horne.
Spice from New Books.
Bural Life in Cuba,
Fuou R. H. Daxa’s new book, “Zo Cubaiand
Back,” we derive’ the following picture: 4
‘As we leave Matanzas, we rise on au ascending
grade, and the bay and the city lie open before us.
e bay is deep on the western sbore, under the
idge of the Cumbre, and there the vessels lie at
anchor; while the rest of the bay is shallow, and
its water, in this state of the sky and light, is of a
pale green color, The lighters, with sail and oar,
are plying between the quays and the vessels be-
low. All is pretty, and quiet, and warm, but the
scene bas none of those regal points that so im-
press themselves upon the imagination and mem-
ory in the surroundings of Havana.
Tam now to get my first view of the interior of
Cuba. I could not have a more fayorable day.
The air is clear, and not excessively hot. The
soft clouds float midway in the serene sky, the
sun shines fair and bright, and the luxuriance of
fo perpetual summer covers the fuce of nature.
These strange palm-trees everywhere! I cannot
yet feel at home among them. Many of the other
trees are like our own, and, though tropical in
fact, look to the eye as though they might grow
as well in Now Eogland as here, But the royal
palm looks so intensely and exclusively tropical!
It cannot grow beyond this narrow belt of the
carth’s surface. Its long, thin body, so straight
and so smooth, swathed from the foot in a tight
bandage of gray canvas, leaving only its deep-
green neck, and over that its crest and plumage
of deep-green leaves! It gives no shade, and
beara no fruit that is valued by man. And it has
no beauty to atone for those wants. Yet it has
more than beauty—a strange fascination over the
eye and the fancy, that will never allow it to be
overlooked or forgotten. Tho palm-tree seems a
kind of lusus natura to the northern eye—an
exotic wherever you meet it. It seems to be con-
soious of its want of usefulness for food or shade,
yet bas a dignity of its own, a pride of unmixed
blood and royal descent—the hidalgo of the soil.
‘What are those groves and clusters of small
growth, looking like Indian corn in a state of
transmigration into trees, the stalk turning into
a trunk, a thio soft coatiog half changed to bark,
and the ears of corn turning into melons! Those
are the bananas and plantains, as their bunches
of green and yellow fruits plainly enough indicate,
when you come nearer. But that sad, weeping
treo, its long, yellow-green leaves drooping to the
ground! Whatcan that be? It has a green fruit
like a melon. There itis agnin, in groves! I in-
terropt my neighbor's tenth cigaritto, to ask him
the name of the tree. Itis the cocoa! And that
soft green melon becomes the hard shell we break
with a hammer, Other trees there are, in abund-
ance, of various forms and foliage, but they might
have grown in New England or New York, so far
as the eye can teach us; but the palm, the cocoa,
the banana and plantain are the characteristic
trees you could not possibly meet with in any
Uther 8000 to
Thickets—jungles I might call them—abound,
It seems as if a bird could hardly get through
them; yet they are rich with wild flowers of all
forms and colors—the white, the purple, the pink
andthe blue. The trees are full of birds of all
plumage, There is one like our brilliant oriole.
I cannot hear their notes for the clatter of the
train. Stone fences, neatly laid up, Tun across
the lands—not of our cold, bluish-gray granite,
the color, as a friend once said, of a miser’s eye,
but of soft, warm brown and russet, and well
overgrown with creepers and fringed with flowers.
There are avenues, and here are clumps of the
prim orange tree, with its dense and deep-green
polished foliage gleaming with golden fruit. Now
we come to acres upon acres of the sugar-cane,
looking at o distance like fields of overgrown
broom-corn. It grows to the height of eight or
ten feet, and very thick. An army could be hid-
den in it. This soil must be deeply and intensely
fertile.
Therefat the end of an avenue of palms, in a
nest of shade trees, is a group of white buildings,
with asea of cane-fields about it, with one high
furnace-chimney, pouring ont its volume of black
smoke. This is s sugar plantation—my first sight
of an ingenio; and the chimney is for the steam
works of the sugar-house. It is the height of the
Sugar season, and the untiring engine toils and
smokes day ond night, Ox-carts, loaded with
cane, are moving slowly to the sugar-houge from
the fields; and about tho house, and in the fields,
in various attitudes and motions of labor, are the
negroes—men, women and children—some cutting
the cane, some loading the carts, and some tend-
ing the mill and the furnace. It is a busy scene
of distant industry, in the afternoon sun of a lan-
guid Cuban day,
Now these groups of white one-story buildings
become more frequent, sometimes yery near each
other, all having the same character—tho group
of white buildings, the mill, with its tall furnace-
chimney, and the look of a distillery, and all dif-
fering from each other only in the number and
extent of the buildings, or in the ornament and
comfort of shade trees and avenues about them.
Some are approached by broad alleys of the palm,
or mango, or orange, and have gardens around
“them, and stand under clusters and shade-trees ;
while others glitter in the hot sun, on the flat sea
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YOREER,
na tive hills
oh My
are dear to me:
Each val-leyandeach stream, Ea
2, Each sha - dy nook, each moss-grown rock, Round where the pathway leads;
‘The pas - ture where the fleecy flock
ch old gnarled oak, each spreading tree,
rea
Safe-ty feeds.
156 ===
cam ~~ =
— oar o -
EuSEme ei
3. The foam - ing
4, Whilst me - m’ry car -
a
ca -ta-ract, whose roar In _ ceaseless stunning
ries me once more
noise,
To plea - sures that have gone, I
But brings my mind to think the more Of home, and all | .
sigh to think those days are o'er, And ne - ver can
5, Yet still
my na-tive hills, And shall where'’er I
roam;
sounds of present nature become suggestive of
the images of anature not present, but seen within
the mind, that the landscape pleases, or that we
ee beauty in its woods or beside its streams, or
the impressive and the sublime among its moun-
tains and rocks? Nature is avast tablet inscribed
with signs, each of which hasits own significancy,
and becomes poetry in the mind when read; and
geology is simply the key by which myriads of
the signs, hitherto undecipherable, can be unlocked
and perused, and thus @ new province added to
the poeticaldomain, Weare told by travelers that
the rocks of the wilderness of Sinai are lettered
over with strange characters, inscribed during
the forty years’ wanderings of Israel! They tes-
tify, in their very existence, of a remote past,
when the cloud-o'ershadowed tabernacle rose
amid the tents of the desert; and who shall dare
say whether to the scholar who could dive into
their hidden meanings they might not be found
charged with the very songs sung of old by Moses
and by Miriam, when the sea rolled over the pride
of Egypt? To the geologist every rock bears its
inscription, engraved in ancient hieroglyphic char-
acters that tell of the Creator’s journeyings of
old, of the laws which He gave, the tabernacles
which He reared, and the marvels which He
wrought—of mute prophecies wrapped up in type
and symbol—of earth gulfs that opened, and of
reptiles that flew—of fiery plogues that devastated
the dry land, and of hosts more numerous than
that of Pharoob, that ‘sank like lead in the
mighty waters;” and, having, in some degree,
mastered the occult meanings of these strange
hieroglyphics, we must be permitted to refer, in
asserting the poetry of our science, to the sublime
revelations. with which they are charged, and the
vivid imaginery which they conjure up.—/esays
by the late Wocw Mriurn,
Books Received.
‘Tre Frexou Revorution or 1789, as viewed in the
Light of Repubitcan Tostitutions, By Joan 8. 0,
Aunorr, With One Hundred Engravings. [Svo. pp.
439.) New York: Hurper & Bros, Bold in Roches-
ter by D. M. Dewey,
Porotar Ta.es rsom tue Norse, By Gxorcz Wee
Dasent, D.C. L. With un Lotroductory Esray ou ine
Origio und Diffusion of Popular Tales, [12wo. pp,
879) New York: D. Appieiwon & Co, Buchester—
Apvaus & Dabyzy,
Lives or THe Querxs o¥ SooTLAND and English
Princesses conueciwed with the Regal Succession of
Great Britain, By AGNeS BTRIGKLAND, author of
* Toe Lives of the Queens of Kuglaud.” Vol, VILL.
[12mo. pp. 879.] New York: Hurper & Bros, Roch-
eater~Dewsy.
Love (*L’Amour,") From the French of M. J.
Mioneet. Transinted from the Fourtn Paris Edi-
tion, by J. W. Pataren, M. D,, author of “Tne New
and the Old,” “Up and Down the Irawaddi,” ete.
[16mo. pp. 842.) New York: Rudd and Carleton.
ochester— Dewey,
Test anv Hangu: Notes of an Oriental, Trip, By
Canouse Pentxe. (12mo,. pp. 300.) New York: D.
Applewn & Co. Rochester—Avamus & Dapney.
M. T. Cicenonts De Orriors, Libri Tres. With Mar-
ginal Analysis and English Commentary, Edited for
the Syndica of the University Press by the Rev. Hu-
nent Aston Houpex, M. A., Vice-Principal of
Cheltenham College, &e, First American Eaition,
corrected and eniurged, By Cuantes AnTuoN, LL,
D. Professor of Greek in Columbia College. (pp.
815.) New York: Harper & Bros, Dewey.
Etementary Gramaak, Erysoogy anp Syntrax
Abridged from the © ‘o Edition of the * Eoglish
Language in Elements and Forms.” Desighed for
General Use tn Common Schools. By Wa. UO. Fow-
Lee, late Professor of Rhetoric in Amherst College,
{16mo. pp. 224.] New York: Harper & Bros, Roch-
ester—Dewey, ©
Roman Oztnoxpy:—A Plea for the Restoration of the
True Syswem of Latin Pronunciation. By Joun F.
Riowaunson, Professor of the Latin Language and
Literatare in the University of Rochester. [16mo,
Pp. 177.) New York: Sheldon & Co, Rochester—
Avaus & Danszy, pa
Tus Cua Mission. Embracing a History of the vari-
00s Missions of all Denominations among the Chinese,
With Biographical Sketches of Deceased Missionaries,
By Wiuutam Dan, D. D., Twenty Years a Missions
ary in China, [1%mo. pp. 896.) New York: Sheldon
& Co. Rochester—Avams & Danyey, ¥
Tire Oa zn. An Historical Novel.
James, Esq. [16m0. Pp. 891] Philadelphia: T. B,
ee & Brothers, Rochester—Dewey.
i Wans op tie Roses; or, Stories of the Struggle
of York and Lancaster. By J, G. Evan, author of
“History for Boys,” The Boyhood of Great Men,”
etc. With Illustrations. (16mo. pp.470.] New York:
Harper & Bros, Rochester—Duw er,
By G. P. R.
of cane-fields, with only @ little oasis of shade
trees and fruit trees immediately about the house.
Tnow begin to feel that 1 am in Cuba—in the
tropical, rich, sugar-growing, Slave-tilled Guba,
The Poetry of Nature,
‘Wouar is it that imparts to Nature ity Poetry ?
isnot in Nature itself; it resides not cither in
lead or organized matter, in rock, or bird, or
3 “the deop saith it is not in me, and the
Sea saith itis notin me.” Itis in the mind that it
lives and breathes; external nature is but its
Storehouse of subjects and models, and it is not
until called up as images, and inves'
with “he light that never was on land or sea,"
that ceased to be e earth
from real stuff of which
} the poctiare made. Nay, i
4 that le, ‘ay, itis not
vi
inly
© faculty to which the sights and
and
f
thro 8
eo
Tue Porricay Works ov Encar ALLEN Por. With
an Original Memoir. [pp. 278.) New York: Red-
fleld, Rochester—Dewey,
Narvotnonto Ipzas, Des Idees Napoleonicnnes, par
Je Prince Narouron-Lovis Bonarantn, Brussela—
1839, ‘Translated by Janes A. Done [pp, 104]
New York; D. Appleton & Co, Bochester-- Dwar,
Navo.row IIL tae Man or Prorrecy; or, the Revi-
vat of the French Emperorship anticipated from the
necessity of Prophecy. By G.3.Fasen,B.D, First
American from the second English edition, New
York: D. Appleton & Co, Rochester—Apaus &
Dasxey,
AlcnT Forwanp; or, Walking the Light A
Story for School Girls of all ag y Lucy EvLex
Gurexsey, author of * Lrish Amy,” “The Sign of the
Cross,” © Kitty Maynard,” etc, [16mo0.—}
Bouton: Henry Hoyt, Rochester: PBy,
Tanna
st Novenio,
Roshester—W. 8. Mackin
STONE ARROW HEADS—HOW MADE.
Tue heads of Indian arrows, spears, javelins,
&c., often found in many parts of our continent,
haye been admired; but the process of forming
them conjectured. The Hon. Caleb Lyon, on a
recent visit to California, met with a party of
Shasta Indians, and ascertained that they still
used those weapons, which in most tribes haye
been superseded by rifles, or at least by iron-
pointed arrows and spears, He found a man who
could manufacture them, and saw him at work at
all parts of the process, The description which
Lyon wrote and communicated to the American
Ethnological Society, through Dr. B. H. Davis, we
copy below:
The Shasta Indian seated himself upon the
floor, and laying the stone anvil upon his knee,
which was of compact talcose slate, with one
blow of bis agate chisel he separated the ob-
sidian pebble into two parts, then giving another
blow to the fractured side he split off a slab
some fourth of an inch in thickness. Holding
the piece against the anvil with the thumb ond
finger of his left hand he commenced a series of
continuous blows, every one of which chipped
off fragments of the brittle substance, It grad-
ually assumed the required shape. After finish-
ing the base of the arrow head (the whole being
only little over an inch in length,) he began
striking gentler blows, every one of which I ex-
pected would break into it pieces. Yet such was
their adroit application, his skill ond dexterity,
that in little over en hour he produced a perfect
obsidian arrow head. I then requested him to
carve me one from the remains of a broken por-
ter bottle, which (after two failures) he succeed-
ed in doing. He gave as a reason for his ill
success, he did not understand the grain of the
glass. No sculptor ever handled a chisel with
greater precision, or more carefully measured the
weight and effect of every blow, than this ingenious
Indian, for even among them, arrow-making is a
distinct trade or profession, but in which few
attain excellence, He understood the capacity of
the material he wrought, and before striking the
first blow, by surveying the pebble, he could jndge
of its availability as well as the sculptor judges of
the perfectness of a block of Parian. In a mo-
ment, all that I had read upon this subject, writ-
ten by learned and speculative antiquarians of the
hardening of copper, for the working of flint
axes, spears, chisels, and arrow heads vanished
before the simplest mechanical process. Ifeltthat
the world bad been better served had they driven
the pen less and the plow more.—’. ¥. Courier
and Enquirer.
++
WALKING.
Or all forms of exercise, walking is the most
useful, as it brings into play the greatest number
of muscles, without unnatural strain upon any,
It also leaves free scope to the external senses,
while allowing of simultaneous occupation of the
mind, Another adyantage is that it admits of
complete regulation, both in degree and duration,
according to the strength, time, or wishes of each
individual. Those who have weak lungs or heart
must be satisfied with gentle walking, and on leyel
ground, Although conducive to mental activity,
it is often advisable to keep the mind free from
Severe or sustained thought when walking, Hence
the advantage of a companion with whom chcer-
ful conversation can be kept up, or observing sur-
rounding objects, whether in town or country, so
as to divert the mind from study and care, The
pursuits of natural history are good in this way,
and hence also the chief hygienie effect of shoot-
ing and field sports, excitement and diversion of
mind accompanying the actual exercise. Those
who are engaged in business, where the dwelling
and the place of business are at a distance from
their place of residence, ought to walk at least
part of the way, both in the morning and after-
noon, if confined within doors during the day,
Literary and professional men ought to walk more
a
A connespospent of the Medical Times having
asked for authentic instances of hair becoming grey
within the space of one night, Mr. D. Parry, staff
Surgeon at Aldershott, writes the following very
remarkable account of a case of which he says he
made a memoranda shortly after the occurrence :—
On February 19, 1858, the column under General
Franks, in the South Oude, was engaged with a
rebel force at the village of Chanda, and seyeral
prisoners were taken; one of them, a Sepoy of the
Bengal army, was brought before the authorities
for examination, and I being present had an oppor-
tunity of watching from the commencement the
fact that I am about to record. Divested of his
uniform, and stripped completely naked, he was
surrounded by the soldiers, and then first appa-
rently became alive to the dangers of his position;
he trembled violently, intense horror and despair
were depicted on his countenance, and although he
answered the questions addressed to him, heseemed
almost stupefied with fear; while under observa-
tion, within the space of half an hour, his hair be-
came grey on every portion of his head, it having
been, when first seen by us, the glossy jet black of
the Bengalee, aged about 24. The attention of the
bystanders was first attracted by the sergeant,
whose prisoner he was, exclaiming, “ He is turning
grey,” and I, with several other persons, watched
its progress. Gradually, but decidedly, the change
went on, and a uniform greyish color was com-
pleted within the period above named.
= gy
ile
s)
For Moore's Raral New-Yorker,
MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA.
T aw composed of 45 letters,
My 23, 5, 21, 8S, 42 was the nome of an ancient king,
My 26, 12, 41, 3 is. a kind of coin,
My 80, 28, 9, 82, 84 is what most people fear,
My 1, 7, 10, 39 grow on my 34, 27, 18, 15 as well o8 on
yours.
My 10, 44 is a word of negation,
My 22, 45, 43, 14 is a mineral. L
My 2, 24, 4, 2, 85, 89 was the namo of an ancient Persian
king.
My 6, 16, 87, 8, 22, 29, 16, 81 is a Southern State.
My 11, 81, 25, 33 is a bad word.
My 18, 40, 17, 36 means splendor, parade.
My 20, 29, 27 is a unit,
My whole is one of * Poor Richard’s” maxim,
South Bristol, N. ¥., 1859, L. BJ.
(2 Answer In two weeks,
= 4
\
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
GEOGRAPHICAL ENIGMA.
I Aw composed of 17 letters
My 1, S, 12, 3, 11, 6 is a county in Georgia.
My 2, 9, 15, 11, 6, 5 is a city in Europe.
My 3, 5, 4, 7, 15, 14 is an island in Polynesia.
My 4, 11, 12, 8, 9, 9 is o town in Michigan.
My 5,15, 9, 2, 6, 8, 7, 16 is a county in New Jerscy.
My 6)14,9, 8 is a rivor in Africa.
a 5, 9 is a river in Europe,
¥ 8, 18, 14, 1, 5 fs a town in Missouri,
9) 11, 6, 18, 11, 6 {s a capital in Europe,
10, 11, 8, 17, 5 is a gulf in Europo,
My 11, 1 ulf on the coast of Asia.
My 1 inty in Florida,
My 18, 8, 2, sia,
My 14, 16, 3, 9, 2, 6, 18 is an Island belonging to Den-
mark,
My 15, 7, 9 14, 16, 5, 16
My 16, 11, 10, 10, 8 is a Africa.
My 17, 11, 16, 4, 11, 12 fs a Volcano in Asia.
My whole was a great American astronomer,
Mowtht Vernon, Mich. J, Mivtos Jouxstex,
(7 Answer in two wooks.
6 In South America,
~
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
CHARADE.
ws
My first is the name of a prophet and priest,
Imprisoned awhile, but shortly revealed ;
My second’s a bower, and but one of the ki
In the pages of history you ever can find;
My whole is a vine, by man neither planted n:
Although of great size, by an fnsect was killed.
eal in two weeks.
0 ENIGMAS, &o., IN No. 497,
a
Poetical Enigma:—Gulta Percha—Gutta
—Cablo—Cofln—Pen,
Geometrical Problem:—19 1-5 acres, and
eds
Am
PLEASURE,
——
“Axp ploasare was ao coy a prado,
___ She fled the more, the more pursued.”
PLEASURE assumes every variety of fo
one it seems to exist in hoards of gold; to anoths
in hastily squandering such a prize. One pursues
the phantom as it glides through his fancy to the
Summit of fame, another debases every noble fuc-
ulty of the soul to the extreme of human degra-
dation, to attain the same object, Pleasure is not
found by those who most eagerly seek her. The |
a
rich often deny themselves the necessaries of
to amass their worshiped gold, or spoil the appe-
tite and stupefy thé sensibilities with indulgence,
The man of genius reaches the long sought goal,
and rests to enjoy the anticipated pleasure, but
learns too late, that the “coy prude” has ever
been near him till his ambition was gratified, and
then left him,
The youth throws off all restraint and follows
desire through every form of excitement, butnever
can secure pleasure in his grasp;
him, still beyond him, Heonly reaches themisery
that ever follows in its shadow. Human nature is
| So arranged that excitement soon loses its effect
long pursued. Strong and unnatural exoite-
ment consumes the natural healthy action of the
spirits, and leaves them to droop and despond,—
Lord Bynon, who suffered his noble genius and
Generous heart to be bound to the slavery of his
passions, and spent his lifetime in their gratifica-
tion, Was ever unhappy. Burvs, equally eminent
for genius, yielded to his strong social impulses,
and Was intemperate, Me has given the most ac-
curate delineations of the pure pleasures of life in
his poetry, but he has given an equally prominent
example, in his life, of their opposite. Perhaps no
Poet ever excelled him in picturing “the native
feclings strong, the guileless ways,” of a manly
heart, His poetry was the language of a warm,
generous heart, and though remarkable for the
bright sunshine which pervades it, its author was
far from being happy. He felt that intense an-
guish which only a noble heart can feel, when it
has been carried away by generous impulses,—
Others, after spending a lifetime in pursuit of
pleasure, with the advantages of talent, wealth
and fame, acknowledge their unhappiness, and
say they have spent their lifetime in seeking pleas-
ure where it was not to be found. A volume
might bo filled with such results to pleasure seek-
ers. The history of mankind, thus fur, has clearly
proved that the road to happiness runs parallel
with the Binte rule, “Be temperate in all things.”
Castile, N. Y., 1859, LE
HIGH NOTIONS,
Messrs. Evitons:—‘‘Currs,” in the Runa of
June 4th, was evidently laboring under intense
excitement when he wrote that article on “High
Notions.” A person would naturally bo led to
think by reading his flowery description of farm-
ing that it is one of the most delightful occupa-
tions on the face of the earth. “Onzes,” like
many others of his class, has gathered his impres-
sions and opinions by visiting the furm in the
summer season, when Nature is clothed in her
finest dress, when farming would be o very filme
thing, if it consisted only in sitting under shade
trees, and taking rides aud moonlight strolls with
the ladies, &c. These impressions can only be
cured by tuking a firm grasp on the handles of the
plow, and laboring a few weeks in the hay and
barley fields. I think if “Carrs ” was put through
course on the farm one summer, he would be
willing to return to his commercial life, and let tho
farmer's boys work out their destiny in their own
way, which many of them will do, in spite of all
opposition. Let none of our young men yield
themselves to this “ol? fogy” influence—which is
afloat in our land, and tends to smother the exer-
tions of many that are struggling to choose their
own occupation, and prepare to wield an influence
that will be beneficial to mankind—to the benight-
ed millions that are now struggling in the darkness
of error’s night, Ww. 3
Niagara Co,, N. ¥., 1889,
Wares
domains Alexander was giving away estates and
with lavish prodigality, before setting
forth on his castward arch Pariocas asked him
what he reserved for himself. Horz—was his eole
reply. And the whole secret of his wondrous
career of insatiable conquest, fearless intrepidity
and boundless aspiration, lies wrapped up in that
sublime answer.
SSS DARN
tis still before |
Pail
a
|
|
a“
*
tucky Seed Wheats—Cobb & Co
A Safe and Profitable Busing —e GStorke,
Homes for All—Prancis W.7 ae
pn ame Ln Gilt 2
os. ice. >
et
SPECIAL KOTICRS
iow.
Freckles—Joseph Burnett & Co,
;
ROCHESTER, N. Y., JULY 80, 1859.
| TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
One copy, 1 year,....82 | One copy, 6mo's,.81 00
Siigiaere 98 Aree B88
i coph 7
een 28 | pisteen copiay..44 rit
‘wenty copies... 13
Ayre oop 6 | Thiry2rwe ao. 20 00
And an Extra Copy, free, to every person remitting fora
club of alx or more coples; and Two free copies for every
club of Thirty or over. As anew Half Volume commenced
Jaly 2d, Now 18 Tue Tite to form Clubs for elther Six
Months ora Year. All persons who form newelubs to com-
mence with July, *r Introduce the Rurar in localities
where it Js not now taken, will be liberally remunerated for
‘Melr time and attention.
{7 Back numbers from April or January can still be
fornished, if desired. We will send Specimen Numbers,
| Show Billa, &c., to all applicants, and to the addresses of as
many non-subscribers as may be a
DOMESTIC NEWS.
Matters at Washington.
Tue Secretary of the Intevior will transmit by
the Pacific steamer of the Sth of August, $261,000
Oregon and Washington, to satisfy recently
audited claims on account of expensesfor restoring
and maintaining peaceable and more friendly rela-
| tions with the Indian tribes. Owing to the inade-
quate number of Indian agents, and considering
the wide extent of country over which the Indians
are scattered, it has been found impossible in every
ease to carry out all treaty obligations in time to
_ impress the Indians favorably by an exhibition of
i
P
‘ ‘Our good faith and prevent dissatisfaction arising
|
_ from unfulfilled pledges. The present Commis-
sio Todian Affiirs, will, it is believed, recom-
mend to the consideration of the next Congress,
Es measures as will lead to the carrying into ef-
* of all our treaty obligations,
The Navy Department has received dates as late
as the 28th of May, from our vessels on the Brazil
station, All of them were in the river La Plata,
off Buenos Ayres, and in view of the unsettled
condition of affuirs, it was deemed advisable to
keep them there,
‘The Commissioner of Pensions bas issued a cir-
cular, in Which he directs the inyalid Pensioners of
the army and navy who are subject to biennial ex-
amination to present, with the usual vouchers, on
the 4th of September and 1st of January next, re-
spectively, the certificates as to their disabilities.
"The operation of the act of Congress of the 3d of
“March, 1859, virtually suspends the semi-annual
payments of invalid pensions at the commence-
ment of each biennial period, until the certificate of
two physicians or surgeons have been presented.
The news of the European peace prospects pro-
dueed much gratification in the government, official
and diplomatic circles,
Advices from Utah to June 24th, states that
Judge Eckles had returned to the territory and re-
organized the federal courts. The district courts
have been established and vigorous efforts were to
be made to hold these courts and secure the prison-
i ers without the assistance of the army,
Personal and Political.
Cox. Jerrenson Dayis is said to be engineering
the Presidential prospects of Gen. Pierce, who is
reported to be in the race for Charleston.
Jupar Gris, of Pa., has been appointed by
the President, agent to the Pawnees, with a view
to arrange matters so as to prevent future difficul-
ties.
M. La Mouwrtars is at Watertown, engaged in
re-constructiag his balloon, the Atlantic, for an
Ascension from that place on the 11th of August,
Parties from New York are there, and, it is said,
they propose to place in his hands any amount, not
- to exceed $20,000, for the immediate construction
of a new balloon for a trans-Atlantic voyage this
‘season.
‘Tu total vote polled for Delegates to the present
Constitutional Convention in Kansas Was 13,356,
divided as follows:—Republican, 7,415; Demo-
eratic, 5,939,— Republican majority, 1,486, The
vote polled on the celebrated Lecompton Constitu-
tion, which was the largest ever given, up to that
time, in the Territory, was 6,759. Increase since
thet time, 6,561.
‘The Bill of Rights reported to the Kansas Con.
stitutional Convention, numbers twenty-three sec-
tions. It sets out with the declaration that all
Political power is inherent to the people; prohibits
slavery in the State; proclaims religions tolera-
tion; defends the soundness of the writ of habeas
“orpus ; protects the freedom of legislative debate ;
forbids the transportation from the State of any
party for any offence committed within the State
ie pratt imprisonment for debt; insures
tonatives; nnd declares that no citizen of tate
abel ane utteonansor the Supreme Court
Court of the State, but that
ce getny of urs sar ak
throngh or from the District Courta of the United
The coi dent of the y, Y
‘ Frespon ew York Ti
gives a summary of the report receive oT ene
vention in reference to the amount of damages
inflicted during the period of the disturbances in
the Territory. The whole amount of losses, for
_ Which compensation is claimed, was 676,099,
parallel :—The Rey. Wm. Williams was for filty-
six years pastor in Northampton, Mass., his son
Solomon was fifty-four years pastor in Lebanoo—
Elipbal e son of Solomon, was for more than
fifty ye astor in East Hartford—and Solomon,
the son of Eliphalet, preached in Northampton for
upwards of fifty years! Here are father, son,
grandson and great grandson, each pastor for up-
wards of fifty years of their respective churches,
and two of them of the same church.
As ingenious Scot an has trained a couple of
mice to turn a small reel for twisting twine. The
laborers run about ten miles a day, and reel from
108 to 120 threads. A half-penny’s worth of oat-
meal lasts a mouse five weeks, and the clear annual
profit of each animal per year is computed at six
shillings. This beats the “industrious fleas,”
Tue Washington correspondent of the Tribune
says “no instructions haye yet been giyen to Post-
masters regarding the pay of themselves and their
clerks. If they appropriate from the receipts of
their respective offices, as heretofore, their accounts
cannot be audited without violation of law, per
absence of an appropriation.”
Tris rather a curious fact that the late victories
in Italy did not affect the French fands go much,
as thechangein the English ministry. The yictory
at Magenta, the occupation of Milan, and the bril-
liant action at Melegoano did not start the Paris
three per cents., but the defeat of the Derby Minis-
try sent them right up, This shows that com-
mercial Europe fully believed the Tory Ministry of
the Earl of Derby were sympathizing with Austria,
A party at. and Germans, who had
almost undermined a store in Philadelphia while
digging for an iron pot filled with countless treas-
ure, which, according to a dream had by a female
friend, was buried there, were arrested Monday,
11th inst., and, with their divining rods and other
conjuring implements, locked up in the station
house on a complaint for trespass.
One of the best photographers in Europe took a
bank note for 5,000 francs, on the Bank of France,
and photographed one so much like it that the
Bank's judges, the photographer himself, and in
fact all who have seen the two, are unable to dis-
tinguish “which from tother.” The Bank con-
siders such success rather dangerous.
‘Tue oldest preacher in Philadelphia is Rey. Geo,
Chandler, pastor ef a Presbyterian Church, who,
in the course of the forty-six years of his ministry,
has married 8,166 couples, and performed funeral
Services over the remains of 5,000 persons,
Tue Richmond Enquirer says that during the
het weather the ladies of that city do all their
shopping in carriages, and require the dry goods
clerks and salesmen to exhibit their goods at the
carriage doors, thereby saving to themselves the
exertion of alighting and entering the stores, It
pronounces this conduct of the ladies barbarous.
This is the general custom of shopping in Cuba
and other tropical cities.
Tue following statement is oe ir sn a
Messrs. Krxe, Aruey and Tunexve are making
Grrangements for a balloon race, to come off the
first week in August, at Providence, New Bedford
or Hartford. They will ascend in three separate
balloons, and see, first, who can attain the highest
altitude; next, who can travel the greatest dis-
tance without alighting, What next?
Sixce July 4th it has been unlawful for apy per-
Son to pass orreceive in the State of Arkansas, any
bank bill of less denomination than ten dollars.—
After the 4th of July, 1860, no bill of a less denom-
ination than twenty dollars can be kept or put in
circulation.
Tue San Francisco Directory for 1859, just pub-
lished, shows the population of that city to be 78,-
053, of which 73,328 are whites, 3,150 Chinese, and
1,605 colored,
Tue importations at New York of foreign Dry
Goods, intended for the fall trade, during the week,
have been quite heavy, the value of the total en-
tries at the Custom House haying been $4,988,720,
against $1,679,300 same week last year, and $4,-
878,607 same week in 1857,, Theentries since Jan.
1st have been $57,672
time in 1858, and $599
E
against $27,189,638 same
,512 same time in 1867,
Tne Reyouurionists or Soura Aserica.—A dis-
patch from New Orleans says that the State of
Tamaulipas desires an American force of 3,000 men
to aid them in the prosecution of the war. Some
Americans had already arrived at Tampico to aid
the Liberals. Gen. Demollary had arrived at Tam-
pico, . Garcia was at Vera Cruz,
Wowan’s Riguts yy Kansas—In the Kansas
Constitutional Convention, the yeas and nays were
called on the question whether women should huve
the same control and management of school mat-
fers‘as men—that in all school elections, and the
ing vote that settled this point stood 2s f¢
against,
Monmonisw Decuixixc.—A Salt Lake corres-
pondent notices the remarkable fact that the insti-
tution of polygamy is becoming unpopular among
the Mormons since the accession of the recent
large emigration Fam fh Sn 5 and that Brig-
ham Young is beset ications for bills of
divorce, In consequence of this state of affairs,
the “ Prophet” has issued orders to mpeoena the
ceremony of “sealing,”
citizens the full privileges accorded |
. 4
Ssoomxe Ronrxs.—Henry Ward Beecher says :—
“Aman that would shoot a robin, exceptin the
fall, when in flocks they are gathered together to
caravan the air in their long pilgrimage to south-
ern g and forests, and then really and con-
ientiously for food, has in him the blood of a
and would, if born in Otaheite, have eaten
j, and digested them too.”
joLoGicaL Formation or Pixe’s Peax.—An
ent correspondent of the New York Post,
¢ from Pike's Peak, says, itis certain that
the geology of the region furnishes an argument
hostile to its maiciatlchnest. Its prevalent
structure is limestone, the latest formation and the
parent of the baser metals, Pike's Peak is a mass
of gypsum, and the mountain edges are but
ly veined with that primitive quartz
mother of gold and gems.
exercises of all the duties of school officers, no dis-
tinction should be made between them, Tree |
Se ,
| * MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
Soe nee Pent aan |
Br the steamship W. 1. Webb, and twOlarrivals
overland, we have the following intelligence:
On the 25th ult., forty-three convicts escaped
from the State Prison. The prisoners escaped by
overpowering the guard. Twelve werere-captured,
and eight shot in the bushes in endeavoring to
escape arrest.
The Italians in San Francisco had raised $5,000
to send to King Victor Emanuel, for the benefit of
his needy subjects.
Business was depressed at San Francisco, and
there had been two large failures. The prices of
leading goods were tending downward. Money
market easy. Mining news good. The grain har-
vest promises to be abundant.
Thevlection of members of Congress is fixed for
the 2d of July.
The weather was intensely hot throughout Cali-
fornia, parching vegetation. Some parts of the
country looked as though they had been burned.
The county of Santa Barbara had been visited by
the terrible sirocco, forcing the people to shut
themselves in doors, killing animals, and literally
roasting the fruit on the trees. This occurred on
the 17th ult.
The town of Lehama had been destroyed by fire.
Loss estimated at $100,000.
The news from Mexico is interesting. General
Marquesa had robbed the conducta from Guana-
juato to San Blas of $500,000. A conspiracy had
been discovered in the city of Mexico to place
Marquesa in power, who subsequently declined in
favor of Santa Anna at Guadalajara, Miramon
had made a complete change in his Cabinet on
account of a change in his policy, viz:—giving
liberty to the press and amnesty for political
offences, and a partial confiscation of the church
property. The church had declared for Marquesa,
who was at Gaudaljara with 2,000 men.
FOREIGN NEWS,
Durina the week two steamers,—the Africa and
the New Briton, —have arrived, each of which has
brought very important intelligence from Europe.
The first gives some details concerning an Armis-
tice between the contending forces of France, Sar-
dinia and Austria; the latter an account of the
interview between the Emperors of France and
Austria, and the signing of a Treaty of Peace.
The following is the telegram from Napoleon to the
Empress, announcing the fact:
Vautecio, 11.—Peace is signed between the
Emperor of Austria and myself,
Tae Conpitions or Peace Ane: — Ze Italian
Confederation under the honorary Presidency of the
Pope.
The Emperor of Austria concedes his rights in
Lombardy to the Emperor of the French, who trans-
Fers them to the King of Sardinia.
The Emperor of Austria preserves Venice, but it
will form an integral part of the Italian Confede-
ration.
The Paris Moniteu# gives the following expla-
nation of the circumstanées attending the armistice
between France and Austria. The great neutral
powers exchanged communications with the object
of offering their mediation to the belligerents,
whose first act was to be an armistice, but the
endeavor to bring about this result was not suc-
cessful until some days ago, when the French fleet
was about to begin hostilities against Venice, and
a new conflict before Verona was imminent, The
Emperor of France, faithful to his sentiments of
moderation, and anxious to preyent the useless
effusion of blood, did not hesitate to assure himself
whether the disposition of the Emperor of Austria
was conformable to his own. It was a sacred duty
for the two Emperors immediately to suspend hos-
tilities which mediation would render objectless.
The Emperor having shown similar intentions, the
armistice was concluded.
The two Emperors had an interview at Villa
Franca on the morning of the 11th. The Emperor
of Austria was accompanied by Generals Hess,
Gramme, Kellmer, Kelloustein, Romnig, Ciriletty
and others of his Staff.
The Emperor Napoleon has issued the following
order of the day:
Vattecio, July 10,—Sotprens: — An armistice
was concluded on the Sth inst, between the bel-
ligerent parties, to extend to the 15th of August.
This truce will permit you to rest after your
glorious labors, and to recover, if necessary, new
strength to conclude the work which you haye so
gloriously inaugurated. I am about to return to
Paris, and shall leave the provisional command of
the army to Marshal Valliant; but as soon as the
hour of combat shall have struck you will see me
again in your midst to partake of your dangers,
The Zimes Vienna correspondent says, that it
was believed there that the British Government
had brought about the armistice, Another author-
ity says that the Prince Regent of Prussia took the
initiatory in suggesting the armistice, The Vienna
Gazette says that an autograph letter addressed by
the Emperor Napoleon to the Emperor of Austria,
led to the negotiations, the result of which was a
five weeks’ armistice. A Verona telegraph dis-
patch says that the late armistice was concluded
after repeated requests from the French, and after
their consent had been obtained to all the condi-
tions asked by Austria.
The London Daily News affirms that the just
hope and expectations of Italy are deceived. It
adds, history will call the Emperor to a strict
account for having waged war on false pretenses
and signed a mock and selfish peace—a peace that
leaves Austria impregnable in Northern Italy ;
that connects Central Italy to the patronage of the
Pope, and to constant menace of military interyen-
tion on the part of the Pope’s patrols, and that takes
ho account of the welfare of the people, and substi-
tutes for national independence a Confederation
under the lock and key of Austrian garrisons, The
Emperor of France has sown the seeds of future
Wars, and the closer we examine the pretended
pacification the more futile and iniquitous it
appears. *.
The Morning Post contends that the soul of the
i agreed upon is the nationality pasate
under every variety of local government in a con-
federation of the Tlien States. Zs Emperor of
= bad ad wlll
ral member of the Confed He will rule
less than 8,000,000 Itali m8, an be controlled
by a Confederation ruling not less than 26,000,000.
The Pope is shorn virtually ofhis temporal suprem-
acy. He is deprived of the substance, but keeps
the shadow.
Naries.—Two hundred soldiers, fifty of whom
are Swiss, revolted on the 7th at Naples, and left
Fort Carmise for the purpose of rousing other
troops to revolt, in which they failed. On arriving
at Champ De Mars all the Swiss and native troops
who remained faithful, met them with a discharge
of artillery, and forty insurgents were killed and
disabled.
Tounxey.—The Turkish steamers Silistria and
Kars are reported lost.’ The former with 850 pas-
sengers for Constantinople, 77 of whom perished.
The Turkish crew assassinated and plundered the
Christians during the salvage. The Karr had 900
passengers from Constantinople, and has not been
heard of. The Persians were said to be actively
preparing in contemplation of war with Turkey.
Ixp1a axp Cuixa.—The Calcutta mails of June
ad, and Hong Kong of May 2ist, had reached Eng-
land. The Indian Government has decided to per-
mit all European troops who might desire it, to
receive their discharge anda free passage to Great
Britain, thus removing all grounds of complaint.
It was expected that thousands would avail them-
selves of the offer. The rebel force was gradually
diminishing.
Comarenctat — Breadstuffs,— Richardson, 8pen,
Oo. quote breadstuffs tending downward. Flour
offered at higher prices, but sales quite unimportant —
The quotations are 10s6d@18s6. ‘The prices of wheat
are easier, but without any decided change. Western
red was quoted at 7s6d@9%a3d ; Southern white 96108,
All pieeaions of corn had deelined slightly. Mixed
5510@ 688d ; yellow Ss10d@68ds; white Ts@Ts0d. Lro-
vivions.—Pork is heavy, with but little sani y
Clippings from Foreign Journals,
Tue American Minister at Turin is reported by
correspondents to have been “hid,” or as “ hiding
himself” ever since the armies began passing thro’
there for the war.
Scorcu journals are trying to make out that
Garibaldi is a Caledonian. His father, they say,
was a shoemaker at the Auld Big o’ Stirling, and
his name was Garrow. His son's Christian name
was Baldie—a common Christian name in some
districts of Scotland. In consequence of some
frenk or other, the son went to Italy; and the na-
tives of that sunny clime, being unable to pro-
nounce the names of Baldie Garrow, transposed
them into the more mellifluous Garibaldi,
A Gursay, arrested as a spy while the allies
were at Brescia, pretended to a council of officers
who were examining him, to be a merchant of Mi-
lan and to have lost his papers, “Hah,” said a
French Colonel, suddenly, ‘come closer; I can't
hear you.” The accused obeyed. “ Now,” said
the Colonel, “in doing that you stepped off finely
with your left foot—arm to the body by instinet—
little finger on the stripe of the pantaloon, You
are an excellently drilled old soldier, my friend,”
The man admitted it.
Axon the obituary notices in the Leeds /ntelii-
gencer is the following:— On the 20th inst., aged
45, Mr. Peter Matterson, of Low Dunsford, near
Boroughbridge. He and his ancestry have been
the owners and occupiers of the farm on which he
died for more than eight hundred years. The farm
was not entailed, and the owner has always been
4 Matterson, without adoption,”
Tae Italian editors are heard of now-a-days,—
‘The morning after the French occupation of Milan
several journals that had been suppressed by the
Austrian government, re-nppeared. One had been
suppressed five years, and in the last number had
promised the “conclusion” of a story in the next,
True to promise, the next, at the end of five years,
took up the story where it had been left off, and
concluded it.
Oscar, the King of Sweden and Norway, whose
death is announced in recent foreign arrivals, was
a son of the'celebrated Bernadotte, alternately Na-
poleon's friend, rival and opponent. He married
a daughter of Eugene Beaubarnais, succeeded to
his father’s throne in 1544, and was 58 years of age.
His administration has been marked by a fair de-
gree of liberalityand reform. He will be succeed-
ed by bis son, who married a Dutch Princess a few
years ago, and will take the title of Charles XV.
A Dericate Hist.—It will be remembered that
Marshall Haynau, the brute at whose command in-
nocent women were stripped naked and Whipped
by the Austrian soldiers, visited England six or
seven years since, not long after the committal of
the atrocious deed. When he visited the immense
brewery of Barclay, Perkins & @o., in London, the
workmen suddenly closed around Haynau, flogged
him terribly, and would undoubtedly have killed
him had he not been suddenly hurried off by some
bystanders, Field Marshal Urban, another Aus-
trian officer, has been endeavoring to equal, if not
Surpass, the illustrious Haynau in deeds of infamy.
As soon as the workmen who had administered
justice ae latter heard of the former's villainy,
they published the following card in the London
papers, as a hint of what he might expect did he
come in their neighborhood; °.
“A Card.—The workmen in the employ o!
Messrs, Barclay, Perkins & Co., present their most
earnest compliments to Lieutenant Field Marshal
Urban, and entreat, should he favor London with
his presence after the war, that they may be hon-
axed, with a call. Marshal Haynau, it will be in
Marshal Urban’s recollection, took great interest
in the process of the brewery, and the workmen
will be delighted to renew the attentions which
made that celebrated officer's visit an European
event.”
Our Arwy Mex Seyr Back prow THE Sear or
Wan.—The European goverments are not disposed
to communicate the secrets of their military sci-
ence and improvement in weapons of war to the
Yankees, We'learn from the Richmond Engqui
of the 18th, that private letters from the contin
of Europe intimate that the American officers who
had been permitted by the United States to go to
2
the seat of war in order to gain mili insight
into war tactics by observation ontending
powers, have been te, Pa to trarel
thither, They consequent urned to England
to await further diplomatic consideration of the
matter and causes of objection.
=“ - 4
OWT Ss
JOLY 30,
Condenser,
fire alarm and pollee telegraph in ‘
— Baltimore has a
operation. i
— Two men died of sun ‘to @fncinnati hy
Sepa cinnati on Sat.
La mt
— The city of Cardenas, in Cubs, has ordered a statue pf
of Columbus,
— The New Castle (Pa,) Bank has Teeth
closed ite doors.
— Sixty Americans bad a great time
Germany, on the 4th. a a
— Ailver mine has been diséovered in Miesour, yy |
is end to be very rich.
— Thirty-six fires occurred in Philsdelphia onthe 4th,
Rather dear celebrating,
—A distinguished German ebemlst has discovered
that there is sugar in tears.
—The Duchess of Kent, mother of Queen Victoria,
is suffering from internal eancer. -
— Sixteon mules were killed by one stroke of light
ning at Lebanon, Tenn., last week.
— A canal boat, loaded with corn, valued at $12,000,
sunk ot Rhinebeck a few days ago,
— Stephen A. Benson has been elected to the third
term of the Presidency of Liberia,
— Garibaldi has a son whois a soldier with him, and
fights like a lion by his father’s side, a
— Asecond crop of oats has been raised this season
in the vicinity of Fort Smith, Arkansas.
— Persons at work in the Vermont gold mines are
said to be making from ¢2 to $3 per day.
— Princeton College celebrated its one hundred and
‘twelfth anniversary on Wednesday week.
— The longest bit of air line railroad in New England
is seven miles—in Indiana, seventy miles,
|
ab Heldelberg,
— France is now said to be more licentlous and disso- 7
lute than at any time since the first Empire,
— Ex-Mayor Mills, of Lasalle, Il, who was bitten by
a pet dog, died last week of hydrophobie,
—A large cave has been discovered near Bethlehem,
Pa. Partial explorations have been made.
— Ripe peaches have made their appearance in the
Cincinnati market at ten dollars per bushel.
— Kossuth had, at last advices, succeeded in flooding
Hungary with revolutionary proclamations.
— There aro 12 cases in Prussia involving the ques-
tlon of the rights of adopted citizens abroad,
— One cent a day will buy food in China sufficient to
enable a laboring man to “live comfortably.”
— The friends of Temperance are invited to rally at
Saratoga Springs on the 2d and 8d of August.
— The Hungarians are moving in all our large cities
for co-operation in case of a revolution at home,
— The Journal of Commerce says that Jane was the
dullest month experienced in New York for years,
— Dr. Dick estimates the number of those who haye
perished directly or indirectly by war, at 14,000,000,
— The Bostonians are getting up a line of steamers
to run between that city and Charleston or Savannah.
— Whiteside county, Ilinols, advertises some 4,000
lots and parcels of land to be sold for the taxes of 1859,
~
— Forty-five insurance compnies in New York have |
declared their July dividends—average, eight per cent,
— Enough of the Chinese sugar cane has been raised
in Iowa, this season, to make a million gallons of syrup,
—The Washington (D. ©.) Star estimates the pi
ulation of the national capital city at from 75,000 to $0,-
000,
— General Palfrey, of New Orleans, who was an ald-
do-camp to General Jackson, 1815, is on a visit to Mon-
trea].
—A panther has been seen in the woods near Chit-
fenango, but the hunters are unable to find his lurking
place,
— In the reportorlal corps at the Kansas Gonstitution-
al Convention, is Mrs, Nichols, the woman's rights
lectorer, .
—The American Scientific Association commences
its next annual session at Springfeld, Mass,, on the 3d
of August.
— A-writer in Blackwood says the peculiarity of Louls
Napoleon is that he consults every body and follows his
own adyice,
— There are 15 dally papers, 8 semi-weekly, 11 semi-
monthly, 89 monthly, and 108 weekly, printed in the city
of New York.
— Among the wounded in the personal staff alongside
the Emperor ef the French, is Edgar Ney, son of the
great marshal,
— The venerable Mra, Anna Pope, of Spencer, Mass.,
died Wednesday week, at the great age of one hundred
and five yeare,
— The experiment of growing tobacco in Minnesota
has proved quite successful, a heavy crop belng antici-
pated this year,
— A minature model of Solomon’s temple is exhibit-
fog in San Francisco, Itis said to be a splendid piece
of workmanship.
— Ibis said that the two religious newspapers in Tox-
as have a more extensive circulation than any other two
papers in the State, °
— An American gentleman from Boston, whose namo
is not given, is reported to have entered asa private
soldier under Garibaldi
—A church bas been purchased for the deaf ard
dumb in New York, in which services are to be conduct-
ed in the sign language.
— An effort is made at present by the clergy of the
Presbyterian Church of Scotland to revive the habit of
kneeling at public prayer.
— Horace Greeley, in one of hisletters from the platus,
says that he is confident that he saw a million of busfa-
Joes one day during his trip,
— During twenty-four hours, from Saturday evening
to Sunday evening, flve persons were drowned in Mil-
waukee. Two were children.
— One hundred and forty-one candidates for admis-
sion to Harvard College have presented themselyes at
Cambridge for examination.
—The London Star’s Vienna correspondent says
there Is hardly a regiment in the Austrian army that
does not contain an English officer.
—The General Superintendent of Polleo in New
York city has issued an order directing the removal by
the police of beggars from the streets. :
—Sluce hostilities commenced no lees than forty dif.
ferent pamphlets and books containing Garibaldi'sblog- (Fh
rapby have been published In Parle, 4
— A public meeting was held in Philadelphia on Tues-
lay week to take measures for preventing the running
of cars on the city railroads on the Sabbath,
— Two gentlemen fishing in Junfata Co, Pa., had a
narrow escape from wolves a few days since, They
were ghpsed by four of the ferocious animals,
ero SP ara
S +
* a 7
2 ae, Wo — 73
SOLY 30,
: &
Ly
=x ith} CAN GE, July 20,—At market 1,56 cattle, abont 1, BNTUCKY SEED wHE. ;
CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. Frou Santa Fe.—The New Mexic: ail, witi bee eR Jul at aie ed Working aa tl, 1) foo SB! ATS. Grane The muperiority of Phospha 9:
Santa Fe dates of the 27th ult., reached Indepen- | and one, two and three years old. MAY WHEAT, Tan well understood. The si kone
AGRICULTURAL, Psom | dence on the 16th inst, Large numbers of the HOUSO RD. sensed ee BE DUE HOUS Ratee ain A galt E aa ee WHEAT, of Fa ara go oy for
a " ‘ioecas » Mi WHITE KENTUCKY WHEAT. i,
Tope Aeeltare~Serso a4 on the Tater were endecearing ts forms on alliance | Segue Ot spoareclai suphl er decals go Ney Bead | SAEMMARI gen ot 200 m4 andere even
al an alli ALY . pures 0 orev. -
ing Cows in a Butter Dalry. Paver WEE CHARAN RAN EEN AGITO BN al rs—Yearlings, 900,000.00: two years old, 993,00@ | in Kentucky and Tennessee, for the use of farmers ae Seed Pievisk:saagihaae —
with the former, for the purpose of punishing the ; three years old. $35,00@2,00, Wheat, which we propose to’ sell at prices merely sufficient | tlon pe for uae, may be bad oe aoe
Cotswold Sheep, (Illustrated). uy x 4 i: bi Pri ‘ be} FOSTER & STEPHENSON,
About Corn and Some Other Things people of Council Grove for hanging two of their | , Super ane, TTT BRONTE Teta lols, €1,60, | to pay the Sarees eR eee fo, Colman asain ee 65 Heaver Street, New York,
i Bextra, 83,00. ¥ surrent ¥: e wheats for 1m . |e Agents
Cement Roofs—Oarbonized Brick, &c. ail etiata alos! Aime ano. The two companies of | “Hibs—74@seWn. Lambs Bells 56@M@e._ Sheep do, she, Hvlag Wheat” is probably the arilest. knawin ie Reytocks: for The Atlantic and Pacific Guano Oo,
ng to Grass.—Grops, &¢. 1 10 31 | troops at th ing of the Arkansas were not| Aur Sueataghggin THON. cate Fm Biate the ‘present’ season, heads eaeoue commer chee | A VAG OA LE BROOK FOR INVALIDS
s ne ‘aL CALy) resent s Is 4 smooth, ke
low to Grow Large Potatoes. - 216 | troops at the crossing of the : . Tinp, heavy, and Driebe amber color, and composes one AA sehr at ol to be pald for unull received
Culture of Potatoes—Hoelng - 4 | sufficient to hold the Indians in check should they a BRIGHTON, July 21.—At market, 1250°beeves, 200 stores, fir the stock from Which Js manufactured the justly cele- | pp: Sick 8 Ries wnat approved. no ce
Ps " = jeep ani t. is * ‘on 5
Inquiriex and Anncors,—Intormation Wanted; — | become hostile, BEEF Uarrie—Extra, #8750000: first quality, 95600 era Wheat posemb tes tin color and qualities— | Rrevention. an of Dieu of the Throat :
| for Home Use; Pian for a Farm Stable; = eee 00,00; second quality, #7,00; third quality, #575@0,00, heada bearded, kernel nearly aslong a8 Mediterrancan, Gatuntain ncly Bowe iver, finer Since male
While Cae Yor is, The feaves—Windgalls, &o. Mormonism ix A New Licut.—A very strange Aeon tocar aoe Tepmmon, $0000, anil pump. a Whit too well k: f Life, and the true method chy ey
ea Fowls; i i on Co AL si “Mediterranean an: ee 0 well known to re- ife and health to a
Ranesansnenes Le res * = Vaan Carves—93,00, 5,00@7,00. vas\t serv) 3
Wat alled the Cons? og te garg or | ing bas happened. The Bpscopal Chaplain at] Sinks {tar te te ver ld 7; ae | aumento tre enent neal | wit ana tony of te
whirl Spirit ofa cee Produced: Handiiag ior. | Fort Laramie has been allowed to preach o gos- THlipe7Gke sp, Calf skins, 18@1e YD s Bes Po.abecroy several days, a OCI 0 ae Po cehts may be relied in tape ) afters
ts while belag Bhod.- ae Wheat Goa atid; nn | PEL Sermon in the Mormon temple at Salt Lake. PALO SALSA TQTHCE Dts ss engare © 407t Nos. 20 and gi Gentral Wharf Buttaloe N.Y, thepricels 0 cent ‘Sook glee Gouna
Agricultural Miscellany.— i i “Saints” : L 001,75 5 . to ron 2
Tiiinots int aelealrgl ley Maple Sigar-Laree pla eee AGAIN Et Swinn=Spring ples @5Xe; retall 64@6XKe, FOR SALE miles from Batavia Station, in the Pat. rath : 714 Broatwsy” few York,
Hitt ot Phe Past Week: Weather of June, 1859, and
of 1#16—Pacts and Teachings.
HORTICULTURAL,
Herbaccous Plants...
Hollyhock, Mustrated)
Layering of Carnations or Picotees, (Illustrated,
‘The Crown Bob Gooseberry, (Illustrated),
Oblckweed.......
Disease of the Cherry.
An Example for Ladies... :
"A Late Seedling Cherry, (Tustrated)
Genesee Valley Horticultural Society
Raspberries
Hlop Tree...
¢
6
Drying Currants, Tomatoes, &c.; Washing Realpe i Ken,
The Vase of Withered aware fPostlcal i) What hae
Wi ? So Common; rence Nightingal
Pease Let Me fie 8 Little Boy; Childhood. nee o4s
CHOICE MISCELLANY.
1 Night, [Poetioal:) The Autumn of Life, (Poetical:
Goon Neh Day in Hayling Time; Grave and Gay... ms
SABBATH MUSINGS,
Magar in the Wilderness, (Poetical) Goodness of God;
Modern Filjabs: A Glorious Thing: Bible Promis
Looking Upwa: .
SPICE FROM NEW BOOKS,
USEFUL OLIO.
Stone Arrow Heads—Ho} de; Walkin;
Whltening of the faire” ages, Wa
YOUNG RURALIST.
Pleasure; High Notions . im
STORY TELLER.
Rosamond, or the Youthfal Error—A Tale of Riverside,. 252
sent, and gave the Chaplain a respectful hear-
ing. At the close of thesermon, “Bishop” Kim-
ball and Brigham Young spoke—the latter in
warm commendation of a part of the Chaplain’s
sermon.
—_\_+e+_____
Tae government of India has recently published
the result of a geological survey of that country,
which contains many matters of scientific interest.
During the five months’ duration of the suryeyor's
visit, there fell in his field of observations nearly
five hundred inches of rain, and there were only
sixty-three days in which the amount was less than
an inch,
Special Notices.
Frecxirs.- Of all tho effects that exposure of the
skin to the air or aun produces, the most disagreeable
is called freckles or tan. If spread over the entire sur-
face of the parts exposed, it is called tan; if scattered
at intervals, freckles. The finest skins are most subject
tothem, The Kalliston, propared by Josern Burnett
& Co., Boston, contains a peculiar erasiye property
which will remoye theso disagreeable stains, Itis at
the same time perfectly harmless, allays all tendency
to inflammation, and renders the complexion clear and
beautiful.—Boston Merald,
—s
A Kino Canrrino anounn a Sonscarprioy Papen,
—Among the items by the last California mail is
the following :—The arrival of ten Sisters of Chari-
ty from San Francisco, is rather opportune, as our
community has been a good deal stirred up of late
on the subject of hospitals for the indigent sick
among the natives. The Legislature at its Jate
session appropriated $5,000 towards the establish-
ment of @ hospital at Honolulu, and the King,
yielding to the urgent requests of his accomplished
consort, started around town with a subscription
book, to try and add to this fund. It was a novel
sight, a King begging for his subjects, but Kame-
hameha did it in a kingly way, and the result was
& noble subscription. Foreign residents princi-
i ate
Honolulians always do for “sweet
The King’s subscription had
amounted to about $15,000 the last I heard of it—
and this in Honolulu alone. The other Islands are
yet to be visited by the King, when a large addi-
tion may be expected to this already respectable
fand, The result will be that a hospital for sick
natives will be established on each Island of the
group.
_ Srenzoonarus or Barries.—Dr. 0. W. Holmes,
in his scientific contribution to the last Atlantic
Monthly, says:—The next European war will send
us stereographs of battles. It is asserted that a
bursting shell can be photographed. The time is,
perhaps, at hand, when a flash of light as sudden
and brief as that of lightning which shows a whirl-
ing wheel standing stock still, shall preserve the
very instant of the shock of contact of the mighty
armies that are even now gathering. The light-
ning from heaven does actually photograph natural
objects on the bodies of those it has just blasted—
as we are told by many witnesses, The lightning
of clashing sabres and bayonets may be forced to
stereotye itself in a stillness as complete as that of
the tumbling tide of Niagara, as we see it self.
pictured,
ee
Sunsrirurk ror Tuprisoyment,—A correspond-
ent of the Cincinnati Commercial writes from Jef-
forson county, Texas :—‘ There is no county seat,
but it is necessary to have some place of confine-
ment for criminals; and as a substitute for a jail,
the people have Providedalarge stone, Weighing
over three tuns, placed in the public square, with
a large iron ring and long iron chain fastened to
it, and when a poor fellow commits 8 crime, and
the sentence is imprisonment, heis fastencd to this
chain by the ankle, and there remains night and
day; butif his crime be light, and he previously
bore @ good character, the judge in his mercy
often allows him to carry an umbrella to protect
himself from the rain and storm.”
———+.-——_ 3%
Necro Issvanection mx VeNezveLa.—A corres-
pondent of the Philadelphia Bulletin, writing from
Paez to Cabelio, Teports an insurrection there on
the part of the blacks, A judge of the village had
been assassinated, and all tho white women and
children Were compelled to take refuge in the ves-
sels in the harbor. Genera} engagements had
taken place between the blacks nd the troops, but
with no decisive result, as the blacks fled to the
bush, where they could fire on their opponents
h impunity. The war is one simply of races,
battalion. The revolt of
dians seemed suppressed,
and of 450 men under a Passago
Were creating damage.
New Your Starz Taacnans’ Assoctarion.—'
h Annual Meeting of the New York Siate
oa tionwill be held at Poughk ie
, 8d and 4th days of August.
. ‘
Tndian leader,
: =
Markets, Commerce, &r.
Rona New-Yoreer omen}
Rochester, July 26, 1859,
Frour—By reference to our table of quotations it will be
observed that we are again compelled to take 25@50 cents
from the rates of all grades of flour, Nothing is doing, and
holders are rather anxious to dispose of stock on hand.
Gratx—In wheat the prices have fallen off 15 cents ®
bushel. The figures we give are nominal—more guess-work
than anything else—grain buyers are not in the market, and
millers will not touch a bushel more than they need to keep
mill-gearing from the rust. Qorn, under eastern advices, is
dull and lower, Oats in similar condition.
Woor—But little is doing, and that at lower prices for
best grades.
Rochester Wholesale Prices.
Fiovr axp Grain.
Flour, peti hes 4
Flour, spring do. .@5,
Flour,buckwheat,# cw
Wh ny 1,2 ples, bush;
Hause Asses Sait fens
Corn .. r a je
Potatoes...
Ht
Slaughter .
Calf...
Clover, bush
A Wow... Timothy . 1,50@2,00
Springlambs,eachal, Susan
luton, carcass, Wood, hard
Wood, soft es,
Coal, Leblei 756, 00
Coal, Scranton, ..94/5@4.50
Coal, Pittston .
Coal, Shamokii
Dairy, &o. Salt, bbl 12
Butter, roll. Hay, tun 10, 00@ 16,00
Butter, firkin, Wool, #1, e400
Cheese Whitefish, bhi 009,50
Lard, tried. 2. Codfish,# quintal, $4.75465,00
Tallow .....cc-sss0 Trout, WL ss... #2,00@8,50
Produce and Provision Markets.
ull, heavy and 4@.6¢ lower on new: old
Sales at 180@i350 for new white Kentucky; 1100 for
old red Genesee: 120c for white do,* 1270 fornewred South-
ern; 182¢ for white do. Rye dull, Sales at Se. Barley
dull. Corn is 1@2c lower, and active, Sales at 78 for old
mixed Western in store, 60@S2e for red delivered. Oats
lower—41@42¢ for State and 40@2c for Canada,
Proyisioss—Pork lower. Sales at 215,50 for mess; 816,00
for heavy do,; $14,50 for thin mess: $10,50@11,00 for prinie,
Lard heavy. ‘Sales at 10:@llc, Butter firm at l@loc for
Ohio; 16@19¢ for State, Cheese quiet at 8@¥c for prime,
ALBANY, July 25.—Fiour—Still lower, and only inquired
After in aretail way. We quote the best standard brands
at $7,50 ¥ bbl. Corn meni 13@ 14s # 100 tea,
Grais—Of wheat the only sale reported is that of 29,000
bu falr white Canadian at loc, which Indicates a consider
able decline. Corn lower. Sales round yellow at80c, round
Yt atte; prime western mixed, in car lots, at ic. At
the close of Change prime western mixed was freely olfered
atf0c, Oatsare without change. Sales Canada East, Sat-
urday evening, in lots, at 43, 44c@45c, weight, (it was only a
PR oy a
“a ight, an. ate, In lo} a welght, of
doing in rye, barley or malt - bed
BUFFALO, July 25.—Fuovn—In moderate demand and
manatee Wither voderate milling inquiry th
ATK —' a moderate miilin; juiry, the market for
Wheat issteady. Sales red winter Ilinols at 70cy sek eicr
Bra aA A Sa aa
40, et, anda shade easier’
railroad at 8c, afloat, ‘Other grains quiet and me sales”
TORONTO, July 23.—Graix—The su of winter wheat
to-day amounted to about 600 buen the market ik
pretty ant at 63 6d@6s 6d W bushel for fall. In one in-
stance, ts $d was p: ot the general tendency of the
market was to low Spring wheat sold at 6s 3d ¥
bushel; very littl red. Holders of oats were asking 23
pa boat no offers at that figure, Nothing was
o
Har (new) Is In good supply, nt 915@22 8 tun. Oldis
scarce, and Is held at #96@30, ‘Straw is scarce, and is co!
at $10@12 H tun.—Glole, me
The Cattle Markets
NEW YORK, July 90.—The curre
at all the markelnare as follonas ne DUCES for the week
Beer Osttix—First quality, ® owt. 9,508 10,00; ord!
a manarit * Common do, €7,60@8,00; tenon Be
WS 'AND CALVES—Pirst quallty, €50,00@.60,00: oral
do, #4050; common do, H\WS4AN; Inferior'de, ¥on0D
‘VrAt CaLves—First quality, m,, 6@6)c;
50; common do. Laer desi TUT Ao,
ime
ite the may
ratea:
rst quall*y.
‘ond quality,
aie
‘Sim! a0 Tis Si ‘apply
Soler ne
We are ready to furnish
Nurserymen with all the leading varieties, aT THE LOW-
¥ST RATES, securely packed for any distan
BRONSON, MERRELL
Geneva, July 13,
STRAWBERRIES.
WILSON’S ALBANY SEEDLING,
The Best and Greatest Bearing Strawberry Known.
This fine fruit has yielded with the subscriber this season,
TWO DUSHELS to the Square rod, or over 300 BUSHELS TO THE
ACRE
Plants for sale in any aquest ay per 88 for 500;
ce.
& HAMMOND,
A983
75 cents for 100, and 60 cents for
‘They can be set anytime before the fi if October; yet
it is better to set them in August, or pre fore part of
Seotember. T. BUCHANAN, Jr.
Utica, July, 1839, 495-3t
HE POWPR OF FAITH.
A NARRATIVE OF SARAH JORDAN.
BY MRS. P. L, UPHAM,
‘Tose who live in the secret of the Most High, and exer-
cise a living and tender fellowship in all that relates to the
dealings of God with his chosen and aifllicted ones, will
grasp, with eager hand, the little volume now presented,
‘The work has been fitly named, for hardly in the whole
range of religious Biography can he found siich a vivid ex.
Ample of the POWBR OF FAITH, asta revealed. La. tits
touching and soul-melting narrative,
Seldom has a “higher Christian Wife” been so clearly un-
folded to the eye and heart, asin the life experience of this
mieding but rejoicing child of God. No devout Obristian
can read It without an uplifting of soul and a yearning to
enter into the "rest" in whi Jordan contioually
‘al
abode, Christianity Is under a weight of obligation to the
gifted compiler of this work, in thus presenting to the world
fresh incentives to follow in the footeteps, of the just.
HENRY HOYT, 9 Cornhill, Boston,
For sale by all Booksellers in Rochester. 495-26
UST PUBLISHED,
THE EXPLANATORY QUESTION BOOK,
WITH ANALYTICAL AND EXPOSITORY NOTES, AND AN
INTRODUCTION, BY REV. EDWARD N, KIRK, D. D.
The work announced Is perhaps the most thorough and
complete of any text book ever given, to the public. Itis
topical in its character, covering a wide range of subjects,
and containing fifty-two lessons—one for each Sabbath in
the year. The plan of the work 1s entirely new and some-
what original, On the left hand page is the lesson, and on
the opposite page at the same opening are the
“ANALYTICAL NOTES,"
These notes have been prepared with great care and
ability, by a practical Sabbath School teacher, under the
eye of Rey. Dr. Kirk, and will be found of invaluable ser-
vice in elucidating the subject under consideration. The
publisher would refrain from speaking with over confidence
of his own issues, but he utters the convictions of other
minds than his own in saying that as a prompter to thought
and investigation, this admirable question book leaves but
little to be desired. It isin fact both a question book and
acommentary combined. It ls of extra large size and sub-
stantially bound. Price 15 cents,
. TENT AND FLAG MANUF.
U. Rochester, N. Y. ACTORY,
TENTS AND FLAGS to Rent, sullable for
pais eottary, Encampments, Conferences, Ca
om
‘ivink the entire stock of Tents formerly
Wittiaws, with several new ones in addition,
to fill all orders the public may feel pleased to honor me
Tents and Flags of every description made to order,
Address“ JAMES FIELD,
Box 701, Rochester, N, ¥.
PORTABLE STEAM ENGINES AND BOILERS
MANUFACTURED BY
A. N. WOOD & GO., Eaton, N. ¥.,
Gf allalzes and of the most approved desis, and made of
ct Workmanship,
ies Will be filled on short netica
or wishing Steam Power, by In-
furnished ith
190
tamp to our address, will be
vark
0 \d pressure upon the
es" Necks; po! ity ; pes Wwork—all these de-
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The American Harvester is a two horse machine capable
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PRICES AT FACTORY,
American Haryester as Mower, -
rm
Manufactured by the Borrato AGRICULTURAL
Wouks Buifalo, NY. and D. M- OSHORNE & 00. ania
N. Y., and for sale by their Agents in every County.
eatin niaie mesons of Fei ee oe toe tgacnines with
‘i ionials, accounts o! c., may be a
ing to the Manufacturers or any of their agente, 7 Behe
TONE VARDS—FOR 1859.RATHBUN & WHIT.
Ss MORE, have alw: on hand a good supply of Lock«
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‘Biwe |. OARSON, Agent,
MANNY’sS COMBINED
REAPER AND MOowWbHBR,
WITH WOOD'S IMPROVEMENT,
For the Harvest of 18659,
The subscriber begs to Inform the public that he continues
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lower.
inferior to none, either as a Reaper or
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HENRY HOY’, 9 Cornhill, Boston, neva in 185%, “It carried olf the highesthoqorsatyhe
For sale by all Booksellers in Rochester, 493-2 stianal Field aya at Syractiaa in ABST and, see a abe
nm of came oul 10)
JUST PUBLISHED, coal ett exeellence than er DerOre,
STRAIGHT FrORWAHRD which itis constructed, have proved so su: ere
on, has been no BHennt i change them. J
WALKING IN THE LIGHT The She elYort during the last year has been to improve
BY LUCY ELLEN GUERNSEY, author of “Iri
**Ready Work,” "Kitty Maynard,” &o
‘The juvenile religious literature of our country is more
largely indebted to our lady writers than to apy and all
other sources, They have been called the educators of the
nation, and well do they deserve an exalted place in the
best affections of the people. They have richly earned it.
Miss Guernsey is no stranger at the fireaides of American
bates Her name isa Ponsehald, yard alike in the p:
of the rich and the cottages of poverty.
ve eight upon the words
ish Amy,"
‘Tens of thousands have hung with
of this gifted lady in the half score of volumes she has
given to the world, and thousands more will catch the words
of interest that have dropped from the pen of this ready
writer in the book now apnounced,
STRAIGHT FORWARD is no ordinary work, as itis the
production of no ordinary mind. It is a book for girls, and
no mother should fail to place it in the hands of her daugh-
ter, With some it may cost an effort to secure it, but its
pert will disarm temptation, while the deep and tender
spirit of Christianity which pervades the work, adds a
jouble charm to its value,
Complete in one volume, 844 pages, ms
Price 75 cents. Sent pre-paid, on receipt of the price in
stamps, THENIY HOYT, 9 Cornhill, Boston.
For sale by all Booksellers in Rochester, 193-40
JNGHAM UNIVERSITY. —Autumoal Term commen.
ces September 2ist—third A tae
For applications, direct simply “Ingham University, Le
lie Institution will proceed with few changes as hereto-
fore, Mrs, STAUNTON and Mrs, INGHAM still interested and
sting in its progress.
“Terms per anaum for Beard and Tuition, #150, Few Ex-
tras, is sent at. .
ras, Synopsis sent al SA YANSON cox, Chaneetor.
SAM'L
Le Roy, N. ¥., July 9, 1859.
W ilson’s ALBANY SBEDLING!
BEST AND MOST PROLIFIC STRAWBERRY !
Yretp's Over 200 Bosneis Pea Acre!
This unrivalled Berry has this year, on my grounds, ex-
ceeded all previous ones, In size, quality and productive-
ness. Numberless Wipes from 4 to 44 inches in cir-
cumference, some still larger. Having marketed the earliest
and best of this fruit—and for nearly can
selected, strong, new plants, warranted pure, of the
five weeks—I
suppl}
very best qualify. Packed and delivered in Albany, 810 for
1,000; 36 for 500; 1,50 for 100; $1 for 50. Descriptive circu-
lars sent to applicants Inclosing stamp.
67~ No TesvELino AGENT Eurtoyxn,
WM. RICHARDSON,
AMAL
Riverview, Albany, N. Y.
Qonpax SCHOOL BOOKS AND PAPERS,
All the Publications of the
AMBERICAN S.S. UNION,
mat found at NO, 40 BUFFALO STREET, Rochester,
al P
t the lowest prices,
5 ADAMS & DABNEY, Agents,
(a7-A New Boox Pontisikp Every SaTorDAy.2e8 496-5
LACK HAWK HORSE “ LIVE YANKEE”
B will ae the season of 1859 at the Stable of MEIGS
BAILEY, 24 miles north of West Henrietta, Monroe Co.,
N. Y., where he be found at all times. For terms, see
any preylous time, the manufacture and sal
ment,’
Albany County and vi
trons and the public
facilities he continues
SALERA PURE
‘BONS
jz and most
largest class of farmers in the
country,
Warranted capable of ontting from 10 to 16 acres of grass
or graln per day, ina workmanlike manner,
Price of Machine as heretofore, varies according to width
of cut, and its adaptation in size and strength to different
fectlons of the country, from #135 to $150, delivered here om
e cars. ‘ALTER A.
Manufacturer and Proprietor, Hoosick Falls, N, ¥,
Fenner GRAY, Brockpo
HENRY HARMON, Beattaville,
48-Uf, Agents for Monroe County, N. ¥,
Wee24 8 MOWER.--
Patented February 22d, 1859.
During the alx years I have been engaged in the manufac.
fare of he Manny Combined Reaper and Mower I bee
prea much thoughtand attention to the construction of what
foresaw would be a great want of the Farmers—a lighter
and cheaper machine expressly for mowing, than had yet
after the most thorou: .
been made,
And no)
Mower welzhs 435 Ms., and cuts a swath four feet
gate jally ordered,) The One-Horse Mower wel
) ns, less, (490 Be.) and cute aswath three and a half feet
wide. af
more full description of the Mower, reference 19 mi r
fora Bimpblets, which will be furnished on apr
With each machine will be furnished two extra guards,
extra sections, one wrench and oll can.
Warranted capable of cutting ten acres of grasa per day in
850
Froced ne ene Horse Mowe 70
Del re on the cars,
Tcontinue as heretofore, and with sreater ence hand
‘ane
it Reaper and Mower with Wood's Improve-
Patent Combined Reaper TER A vooe
d Proprietor, Hoosick Falls, N. ¥.
State Bt, Albany, Agents for
4a workmanlike manner,
Price of Two-Horse Mower,
Manufacturer ant
PEASE & EGGLESFON, 3
icinity.
BENNETT GRAY, Brockport,
WM. HENRY HARMON, Scottsville,
Asenta fer Monroe County, N, ¥.
FAlkPeornT CHEMICAL WORKS.
MP ninieueavinncecoe!
cknowledging the favor and patronage w!
bestowed upon him by the Trade and others, since the come
mencement of his enterprise, respectfully loforms Da
enerally, that with greatly Increase
mauufacture ‘a superior article of
hich have been
ATE OF 80DA, SAL SO.
Pe Groomllilt & SPAULDING, Proprietor ‘Toa aove arly wil he a inal ace package
5 : at as low prices as they ‘ aaa
AGENTS WANTED=To sell 4 new inven- | turer, and In every case warranted pure and of au Fad
.
5,000 tions, Agents have made over $25,000 on one,—
better than all see ‘ar ‘Agendies, Send four stamps and
B is.
EPC UAE SHRAIM BROWN, Lowell, Masa,
ING DOWN THAT STREAM OF PURE
FATRer We thet nusa tate and dry Rete, Dee tea:
ter Pipe made by I. 8, Hounie & Co,, the cheapest and best
Known ta the world. Made of Pine pn ity and x properly
I il ef equirs ressure and nearly or qi
adestuctinies disc HOBBIE & Go.
cl ible, » Ss.
a ae 44 Arcuile, Rochester, N.Y.
N DRILL IN
THE BEST GRAIL
AMERICA!
* Fairport, Monroe Co,, N. ¥-
q lly solicited and promp'
sally, Orders respectful ues Patan, and
bonate of Soda abould bé
the name of D, B, DeLayp 00
Pbtain a pure article. deawotf
} N, GRAY & COS NEW SCALB
BAPwMXNO FORTES!
ving
and
or he Tron
r 01 . em,
Corrugated ei ianca inthe World,
6 to 74 octaves, and all prices from.
soft 26% fing to aze-annd nla, wil be gold at very toe
Te Manufactured dy the Subscribers at Macedohs N. ¥. | pects or Co ant Des pen tguaiacuon EURrADASeG,
It 1s so arranged as to Sowor Plant, with equal facility, all | U™*P/esss call und examine them at our y
kinds of Seed, from the smnilest Grass, Seed to ’
Outs and dess
ural (May 140
; piaforanat nig Ciraularm, Ke. IWS i.
Mucedbnn Noe Marden Cet Vou # HULEMAN,
][CMBS FOR Art!
POR SAL,
s2wetf
MUSIO HALL!
468 and 470 Broadway, Albany, N. ¥.
BOARDMAN, GRAY & CO.
in Bummer
0A. 8T
RMING LANDS In
At G25 per Acre, desirable PA’ iG
aed, feta Keufucky, and Alddle Tennessee
we" fgemeal Superior to any in use for Wood or Goal.
Meouthe Asma ‘Wood, OF 1% tans ef coal to 100 bbla—cosl not
Escorast Am 4x> Hoxesrzan @
Oe tt ud rouiway, New York. taut? | sone: “Adi Gin”? Gp. BAGH, Rochester,
“
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
course he’s told ber all, and spite of her professed
king for me, sbe ix glud thas Lam dead. L long,
yet dread, to see ber amazement; but bist,—sue
comes,”
There was the sound of little, high-beeled slip-
her she should be his wife when the 20th of
November came. That was his twenty-ninth
birthday, and looking into her girlish face, he
asked if he were not too old. He knew she would
he would rather it should be so. Life was grow-
ipg more and more a wearisome Burden, an when
just one week after the hbrary ii ‘view he receiv-
ed pote in the well remembered hand-writing,
Advertisemen 5.
iP wr “are =!
H®* u ee 1 eric
{
ls
i
he asked that he might die and forget bis grief. } tell him no, and she did. lovingly caressing his] person the stuire, we flutter of a piok mori :
The letter was dated. at the Springs, where Misi erayistitbnty ; el shire Be UrrTON stood fuee ty | FLOMCHOPATHIG We tEDIES,
« ; . ” = Ly i =
Ponrer was still stayiog, though she said she ia-| “THe had grown young since he sat there,” she} yp its dead, and without avy visibi No. 000 as |
'
tended starting the next day for Cuyler, a little
out-of-the-way place of the lake, where there was
but little company, and she could be quiet and
recruit ber nervous system, The latter had been
terrible shocked, shoal hearing of bis recent
attempt at making love to Rosaawoxp Leyton!
Todged,” she wrote, ‘‘it is to this very love-muk-
ing that you owe this letter from me, as T deem it
said, and £0, indeed, he had, and the rejuvenating
Process continued day after day, until the villagers
laughingly said that his approaching marriage
had put him back ten years. It was known to all
the town’s folks now, and unlike most other
matches, was pronounced a suitable one. Even
Mrs. Van Vecutex, who had found Bey at Love-
and still remained with bim in New
HUMPHRBwas:>
SPECIFIO
HOMG2ZOPATHIC REMET
No. 562 Brondway. .
fo Act of Congress, in th 1659, by
the Office of the Clerk wi the Dieter
ern District of tbe State of New York,
AQ AMOND; ap
and a look of expectation upon ber fuce e
was doomed to disappointment. Rosawonn knew
nothing of the past, and with a cry of pleasurable
surprise she started forward, exclaiming, “Ob,
Miss Porter,—I felt so crass when told 4 Visitor
was here, but now I know who 'tis, I am go glad,
BuUMPYrnrReEYs?
SPECIFIC
HROM@oPratHIc REMEDIES,
;
“
|
| sometimes do, I can quiet you bett
|
i]
THE YOUTHFUL ERROR,
BY MES, MARY MgDOLUES.
[Continued from page 244, Inst number.J
“Mr Browxixo,” she whispered softly, “7 know
’ your secret, and I do not love you Jess,”
“ You, Rosamond, you know it /” he exclaimed,
_ gozing fixedly ather. “Itcannotbe, You would
__ never do ns you have done.”
“But I do know it,” she continued, taking both
__ his hands in hers and looking him steadily in the
eye, by way of controlling him, should he be
seized with a sudden attack, ‘I know exactly
_ what it is, and though it will prevent me from
beiog your wife, it will not prevent me from loving
"you just the same, or from living with you eitber,
I sball stay here always,—and,—and,—pardon me,
Mr. Baownixa, but when you get furious, as you
han any one
ever need to
else, and it may be the world wil
know you are a mad-man {”
Mr. Brownine looked searchingly into her inno-
cent eyes, and then, in spite of himself, he laughed
_ aloud. THe anderstood why she should think him
_ a mad-man, and though he repented of it after-
_ Wards, he hastened to undeceive her now. “As I
See to see another day, it is not ¢/at,” he said,
“It is far worse than insanity; and, Rosamonp,
though it breaks my heart to say il, it is wicked
for me to talk of love to you, and you must not
remember ;tbat I said. You must. crush every
tender thought of me. You must forget me,—
Day, more,—you must ate me, Will you, Rosa-
MonD ?’” 1
“No,—no,—no,” she cried, and Jaying her face
in ip, she burst into a passionate flood of tears.
_ “Leave me,” he whispered, “or I shall go mad,
for I know Tam the cause of this distress,”
‘There was decision in the tones of his voice,
ond it stilled the tumult in Rosamonp’s bosom.
Rising to her feet, she said calmly, “I will go, but
T cannot forget that you' deceived me, You have
wrung from me a confession of my loye, only to
throw it back upon me as a priceless thing.”
Not thus would he part with her, and grasping
her arm, he began, “Heaven knows how much
_ more than my very life I love you ——”
Te did not finish the sentence, for through the
_ air o small, dark object came, and, missing its
aim, dropped upon the hearth, where it was bro-
_ ken in a hundred pieces. It was a vase which
stood upon the table in the ball, and Bex Vay
Vecuren’s was the hand that threwit! Impatieut
at the delay, he bad come up in time to hear bis
uncle’s last words, which roused his Southern
blood at once, and seizing the yase, he hurled it at
_ the offender's head,—then rushing down the stairs,
he burst upon his mother with “Great Thunder!
mother, Uncle Raurn is making love to Rosasonp
himself, and she likes it, too. I sawit with my
own ears! I'll hang myself in the barn, or goto
the Crimean war!” and Ben bounded up and down
likean India rubber ball. Suddenly remembering
that another train was due ere long, he darted out
of the house, followed by his distracted mother,
who, divining his intention, ran swiftly after him,
imploring hyn to return, Pausing for a moment
as he strack into the highway, he called out,
“Good-bye, mother. I've only one choice left,—
Wart! Give y love to Rosamonp and tell her I
shall die lil hero, You needn’t wear black,—
if you don’t want to. Good-bye.”
He turned the corner,—he had started for the
‘ear,—and mentally resolving to follow him in the
next train, Mrs, Vay Vecuren returned to the
house and sought her brother,
“Rarrn,” she began sternly, “have you talked
| of Zove to Rosanoxp!”
Mr, Browsixo had borne so much that nothing
"startled him now, and returning her glance un-
flinchingly, he replied, “I have.”
“Tlow then, is Manre dead®”’ the lady asked.
“Not to my knowledge,—but hist,” was the re-
ply as Mr. Browsixe nodded towards the hall,
where a rustling movement was heard.
It was the new girl, coming with dost-pan and
brush to remove the fragments of the vase, though
_ bow she knew they were there, was a question she
alone could answer. Forasingle instant her dull,
gray oye shot gleam of intelligence at the occu.
pants of the room, and then assuming her vsual
_ Sppearance, she did what she came to do and de-
parted. When they were again alone Mrs, Vax
Vecurex demanded an explanation of her brother,
who gave it unhesitatingly. Cold-tivarted as she
always seemed, Mrs, Wan VecuTes bad some kind
Suffering, she gaye him no word of
even nt herself to say that @ brighter day
nishcome to him yet,. Then she spoke of Brx,
ann & her deterniination of following bim
that night. ‘To this plan Mr. Brownie offered no
remoni
Granby station,
vex in pursuit of the runaway Bex,
———
Jess—nay, worse—how
‘ of him. She!
feelings left, and touched by her brother's tale of
ach, and
‘ce, and when the night express left the
it carried with it Mrs. Vax Vecu-
my duty to keep continvally*before your mind the
fact that / am still alive.”
dering much who gave hertheinformation. There
‘were nospiesabouthis premises. Rosavonp would
not do it, and it must have been bis sister, though
why she should thus wish to annoy him he
did not know, when she, more than any one else,
had been instrumental in placing him where he
was, Once he thought of telling Rosawoxp all,
but he shrank from this, for she would leave his
house, he knew, and, thonghshe might never again
speak kindly to him, he would rather feel that she
was there. .
And so another dreary week went by, and then
one morning there came to him tidings which
stopped for on instant the pulsations of his heart,
und sent through his frame a thrill so benumbing
and intense that at first pity and horror were the
only emotions of which be seemed capable. It
came to him in a newspaper paragraph, which in
substance was as follows :
“(A sad catastrophe occurred on Thursday after-
noon at Cuyler, a little place upon the lake, which
of Jate has been somewhat frequented during the
summer months. Three ladies and one genuleman
Went out in a small pleas boat which is kept
for the accommodation of the guests. They bad
not been gone very long when a sudden thunder
gust came up, accompanied by a violent wind, and
the owner of the skiff, feeling some alarm for the
safety of the party, went down to the landing just
in time to see the boat make a few mad plunges
with the waves, and then capsize at the distance of
nearly half a mile from the shore.
“Every possible effort was made to snye the
unfortunate pleasure-seekers, but an vain; they
disappeared from y..w long before a boat could
‘each them. One of the bodies has not yet been
socovered. It 1s that of a Miss Porter, from
Florida, She had reached Cuyler only the day
previous, and was veaccompanied by 4 single
friend, save a waiting-maid, who seems o:
whelmed with grief at the loss of her mistress,
This, then, was the announcement which so
affected Ravea BrowNrNo, blotting out for a mo-
ment the wretched past, and taking him back to
the long ago when he first knew Manis Ponren
and fancied that he loved her. She was dead now
—dead, Many & time he whispered that word to
himself, and with each repetition the wish grew
strong within him—not that she were living, but
that while living be had not hated her so bitterly,
and with the softened feeling which death will
always bring he blamed himself far more than he
did her. There bad been wrong upon both sides,
bat he would rather now that she had been recon-
ciled to him ere she found that watery graye.
Mand in hand with these reflections came another
thought—a bewildering, intoxicating thought.
He was free at last—free to Jove—to worthip—to
marry RosaMonv,
“And Twill go to her at once,” he said, after
the first hour had been given to the dead; “I will
tell her all the truth.”
Me arose to leave the room, but something staid
him there, and whispered in his ear, “There may
be some mistake. Cuyler is not far away. (io
there first and investigate.”
For him to will was to do, and telling Mrs. Pe-
Tens he should be absent from home for a time, he
started immediately for Cuyler, which he reached
near the close of the day. Calm and beautiful
looked the waters of the lake on that summer
afternoon, and if within their cayerns the ill-fated
Manze slept, they kept over ber an unruflled watch
and told no tales of ber last dying wail to the care-
worn, hnggard man who stood upon the sandy
beach, where they said that she embarked, and
listened attentively while they told him how gay
she seemed that day, and how jestingly she spoke
of the dark thunder-head, which even then was
mounting the western horizon. They had tried in
vain to find her, and it was probable she had sunk
into one of the unfathomable holes with which the
lake was said by some to abound, Saran, the
waiting-maid, wept passionately, showing that the
deceased must haye had some good qualities or
she could not thus have attached a servant to her.
Lookieg upon Mr. Browsine as a friend of her
late mistress, she relied on him for connsel, and
when he advised her immediate return to Florida,
she readily consented and started on the same day
thot he turned his face towards Riverside, They
hod said to him, “If we find her, shall we send
her to your place #” and with on involuntary
shudder be had answered, “No,—oh, no. You
must apprise me of it by letter, as also her Florida
friends,—but bury her quietly here,” P
They promised compliance with his wishes, and
feeling that a load was off his mind, he started at
og for home. Certainty now was doubly sure,
Ani® was dead, and as this conviction became
more and more fixed upon his mind, he began to
experience a dread of telling Rosamoyp all. Why
need she know of it, when the telling it would
throw mifch consure on himself. She was nota
great newspaper reader;—she had not seen the
paragraph and would not see it. He could tell her
bstacle to his happiness had been re-
that "twas no longer a sin for him to
think of her or seek to make her his wife, All
this he would say to her, but nothing more.
” And all this he did say to her in the summer
house at the foot of the garden, where he found
f suffering, if at all. y
i A ‘ 7 1 th the table—not for herself,— | bourse ing of that tas well as expens
her just as the mun was setting: And Rosaoxp | ing on into the parlor, the stranger laid aside her | Priced. Shem upon the tables en ye ners poor, see terrevaiiccnnice io be, prugme Oe Dolson er
listened eagerly,—never questioning him/of the) hat and shawl withthe air of one perfectly at| poor Rosanonp. ” The disrobing proceeded slowly, Pilstered, OF bled. be cruddy currentof life again to health P
Ener tthe ight lip Ki nor, ands hn | mara seo gmaMe 208 ty ea | Tu te ue ate aaa Seu | er Ercan ee
i ith hi . . use, bul “
know tbat she, might pup mow, andi bis amined the ro sly as she had examined sea ad when the wreath, the yeil, and berthe Deyond all question is most La, Nd
sheltering arm aroun ihe sat there alone} the grounds of Riy were removed, she seated herself by the window] AGENTS WANTED.
with him until the Au
the heavens.
ish brow, kissed her again and again, telling
moon was high up in|’
He called her his “‘sunshine”—bis| were it not that | hate him so much, I would go
and pushing the silken curls from off her away forever,—thongh that would be a greater
joys Tog
York, wrote to her brother a kind of a congratula-
tory letter, mingled with sickly, sentimental regrets
up to the wedding or not, she said, as Bey bad
positively refused to come, or to leave the city
either, and kept her constantly on the watch lest
he should elope with a second-rate actress at Laura
Keene's theatre,
Rosamonp laughed heartily when Mr. Browsixa
told her of this sudden change in Ben, and then
with sigh a3 she thought how mapy times his
soft, good-natured beart would probably be wrung,
she went back to the preparations for her bridal,
which were on @ magnificent scale, They were
going to Burope,—they would spend the winter in
Paris, and as Mr. Buoww1xo had several influen-
tial acquaintances there, they would of course see
some society, and he resolved that his bride
should be inferior to none in point of dress, a3
she was to none in point of beauty. Everything
which love could devise or money procure was
purehased for her, and the elegance of her outfit
was fora long time the only theme of village gossip.
Among the members of the household none
seemed more interested in the preparations than
the girl Marra, who has before been incidentally
mentioned. Her dull eyes lighted up with each
new article of dress, and she suddenly displayed
so much taste in everything pertaining to a lady's
toilet, that Rosastonn was delighted and kept her
constantly with her, devising this new thing and
that, all of which were invariably tried on and
submitted to the inspection of Mr. Brownixa, who
was sure to approve whatever his Rosawonp wore,
And thus gayly sped the haleyon hours, bringing
at last the fading leaf and the wailing October
winds; but to Rosaoxp, basking in the Sunlight
of love, there came no warning note to tell her of
the dark November days which were hurrying
awiftly on.
Chapter IX.—The Guest at Riverside,
The November days had come. The satin dress
was made,—the bridal yeil sent home,—the wreath
of orange, too; and then one morning when the
summer, it would seem, had come to revisit the
scenes of its brief reign, Mr. Brown1xa kissed his
bride elect, and wiped away the two big tears
which dropped from Hér eye-lashes when he told
her he was going away for that day and the next,
“But when to-morrow’s sun is\setting, I shall
be with you again,” he said, and he bade her quiet
the fluttering of her little heart, which throbbed
so painfully at parting from him.
“T don't know why it is,” she said, “I’m not
one bit superstitious, but Bruno howled so dis-
mally under my window all night, and when he
ceased, a horrid owl set up ascreech. JI told Ma-
nrA, and she said in her country the cry of an owl
was a sign that the grave was about to give up its
dead, and she looked so mysterious that she fright-
ened me all the more—”
“That Marta is too superstitious, and I don’t
like you to be with her so much,” said Mr, Brown-
inG, his own check turning slightly pale as he
thought of the grave giving up Ais dead. Thrice
he turned back to kiss the little maiden, who fol-
lowed him down the avenue and then climbed into
a box-like seat, which had been built on the top of
the gate-post and was sheltered by a sycamore,
“Here,” said she, “shall I wait for you to-morrow
night, when the sun is way over there. Oh, I
wish it would hurry,”
He wished so, too, and with another fond good-
bye they parted. The day seemed long to Rosa-
Mowp, and though she varied the time by trying
on each and every one of her new dresses, she was
glad when it was night, so she could go to bed and
sleep the time away. The next morning the de-
pression of spirits was gone; ie was coming,—
she should wait for him beneath the syeamore,—
possibly she would hide to make him believe she
was not there, and the bright blushes stole over
her dimpled cheeks as she thought what he would
do when he found that she was there.
“Ten o'clock,” she said to herself, as she heard
the whistle of the upward train. “Seven hours
more and he will come.”
Going to her room, she took a book in which
she tried to be interested, succeeding so well that,
though her windows commanded a view of the
avenue, she did not see the lady who came slowly
up the walk, casting about ber eager, curious
glances, and pausing more than once to note the
exceeding beauty of the place. Once she stopped
for a long time, and leaning against a tree, seemed
to be debating whether to turn back or go on,
Deciding upon the latter she arose, and quicken-
ing her movements goon stood upon the threshold.
Her ring was answered by Manta, who betrayed
no surprise, for from the upper hall Mrs. Perens
herself was closely inspecting the visitor,
“Ts Mr. Browsrxe at home?” the lady asked.
“Gone to Buffalo,” was the laconic reply, and a
gleam of satisfaction flitted over the face of the
questioner, who continued, “And the young lady,
Miss Leyton? Has she gone, too?”
“She is here,” said Manta, still keeping her eye
“It seems a pity to mar all this,” she said, “and
injury to her than my coming to life will be. Of
for Tam very lonely to-day
The hard woman’ awept ber band a moment be-
face, nor break that giilisb bear”
But at was necessary, —Marie Porter knew
thet, and though she repented of what she hud
done, it was now too lute to retreat, and all she
could do was to break tbe heart of the unsuspect-
ing girl as tenderly as possible.
* Why are you So lonely 2” sbe said, “This is a
mpstiBaaae toy spot. I believe I’d like to live here
myself.’
“Ob, yes, tis a lovely place,” answered Rosa-
wonp, " but,—but,—Mr. Browsing is not here,”
an. she averted her crimson face,
‘Is Mr. BrowNixG so necessary to your happi-
ness?” Miss Porrsr asked, and bringing an oxto-
man Rosanonp sat down at ber visitor's feet and
thus replied, “* We talked so much of himat the
Springs that it surely is not foolish in me to tell
you what every body koows, Now, you won't
laugh at me, will you? Mr. Brownixo and I are
going to,— ob, I can’t tell it,— but, apy Way, your
fortune-telling is not trae.”
“Mr. Brownino and you are going to be mar-
ried. Is that it?” the woman asked, and with a
quick, upward glance of ber soft, brown eyes, Rosa-
Monn replied, "Yes, that’s it,— thav’s it,— and, oh,
you can't begin to guess how happy lam. He is
not crazy either, It was something else, though I
don’t know what, for he never told me, and I do
notcare toknow. The obstacle bas been removed,
whatever it was, and it bas wrought such achange
in him. Ile’s so much younger,— handsomer,
pow,—and so kind to me. “I'm glad you've come,
Miss Porter, and you'll stay till after the wedding,
It’s the twentieth, and he has bought meso map
new things, Weare going to Nurope. Just thin
of a winter in Paris, with Mr. Brownino? But,
what! Are you crying?” and Rosawonp started
a3 a burning tear fell upon her forebeud,
“Rosamoxp Leyton,” said Miss Porrer, in a
yoice husky with emotion, “I have not wept in
eight long years, but the sight of you so innocent,
so happy, wrings the tears trom my stony heart, as
agony will sometimes force out the drops of perspi-
ration when the body is shivering with cold. I
was young like you once, and my bridal was
fixed —" she paused, and stealing an arm around
her waist, Rosasonxp said pleadingly, “Tell me
aboutit, Miss Ponten, I always knew you had a
history. Did the man die”
“No,—no. Better for me
better, too, for you.”
This last was a whisper, and Rosayonn did not
hear it. Her thoughts were bent upen the story,
and she continued, “ Will it pain you too much to
tell it now?”
“Yes, yes, wait,” Miss Ponrer said, “Wait un-
til after dinner, and meantime, as I cannot possi-
| bly stay until the 20th, perhaps you will let mesee
your dresses.”
Nothing could please Rosawowp more, and gay
as a lite child, sie lead the way to the large up-
per room, which contained ber wedding outfit,—
Proudly she displayed her treasures, flitting like a
bird from one pile of finery to another, and resery-
ing the most important until the very last.
“There's the dinner bell,” she suddenly ex-
claimed, “I did not think it could be one. Only
four hours more,— but come, let us go down and
after dioner, if you'll never tell Mrs. Perers, nor
any body, I'll try on my bridal dress and let you
sec if it is becoming. I want so much to know
how it looks, since Manta put the rose-buds iu the
berthe, And then your story. I must hear that,”
As they were going down the stairs Miss Porrsn
took Rosamono’s hand and said, ‘* How is this ?—
Where is my ring?”
Rosanonp could not tell her of an act which now
that it no longer hud insanity for an excuse, puz-
zled her not alittle, So she made some trivial ex-
cuse, which, however, did not deceive her auditor.
But the latter deemed it wise to siy D0 more just
thon, ond silently followed her young friend into
the dining-room, Dinner being over they went up
to Rosamonn’s chamber, the aa
tained the bridal robes.
* Two o'clock,” said Rosaxonn, consulting her
watch, then bringing out the rich, white satin and
exquisite over-skirt of lace, she continued, “]
shall have just time to try this on, hear your story
and get dressed before Mr, Browsinc comes. How
short the day seems, with you here! I told him
I'd be sitting in that little box which you possibly
noticed, built on the gate-post against the tree,—
And he'll be so disappointed not to find me there,
that may be you won't mind my leaving youawhile
when the sua is right over the woods.
“ Certainly not,” answered Miss Porter, and the
dressing up process began, Rosaoxd chatting
gayly all the while and asking if it were very fool-
ish for her to try on the dress. “I should not do
it,” she said, “if you would stay. Can't you?’
‘The answer was a decided negative, and adjust-
ing her little satin slipper, Rosasoxp stood up
while her companion put over her head the satin
dress. It fitted admirably, and nothing could haye
been fairer than the round, chubby arms and
plump, well-shaped shoulders which the short
conta of the dress showed to good advantage. —
Now the Ince oyer-skirt,—now the berthe,—and
then the veil, with the orange wreath twined
among the flowing curls, and Rosaonxp was
dressed at last.
“Tow do I look?” she asked, but Mantz Pon-
Ter made no immediate reply, and as she pazed
upon the young girl so beauuful, so innocent and
Nasuspecting, who can tell of the keen anguish at
her heart, or how she shrank from the bitter task
which she must do, and quickly, too, for the clock
pointed to é/iree, and her plan now was to strike
the dove ond then flee ere the eagle came. She
would thus wound him more deeply, for the very
uncertainty would add fresh poison to his cup of
agony.
sci low do I look?” Rosanonp asked again and
after duly complimenting the dress, Miss Porter
added, “I promised you my story, and if I tell it
at all to-day, I must begin it now, for it is long and
Tywould finish it ere Mr. Brow: comes.”
“Very well, ’'m all attention,’ said Rosawoxp,
and like a lamb before its slaughterer she knelt be-
fore the wom, bending low fier graceful head to
have the wreath removed, .
This done, Miss Porren said, ‘Haye you any
camphor handy, or hartshorn? I am sometimes)
faint and may want thent.’” Fi 5
“Yes, both, here in the bathing-room,” gai
Rosasonp, and she brought them to the lady, who
if he had,—aye, and
set of which con-
in @ position which commanded a full
victim's face; and forcin;
her heart, which it seeme
that silept room,
be continued.)
view of her
down the throbbings of
to her were audible in
she commenced the story. [To
No. 562 Broadway.
; fore her eyes aud with that moment swept away — = 4
A TALE OF RIVERSIDE. With a blanched cheek Mr. BuowntNg read this} for the “heart-broken, deserted and now de-| the kiudly spirit, which whispered, “Don't un- iS a —
letter through—then tore it into fragments, won- parted Marre.” It was doubtful whether she came | deceive her. Don't queoch the lizhtof that bright SPECIFIO
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No. 2 Won Pu 5 x
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or Bloody Flux. ie ALLL oti 2 19
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Vomiting,
No. 7. Covan Pitts—Tor Coughs, Colds, Hoarseness, In-
fluenza and Sore Throat,
No. 8, Toorn-cie Pits—For Tooth-ache, Face-ache and
Neuralgia,
No. 9, Hap-acniz Prits—For Head-ache, Vert) » Heat
and Fullness of the Head. Be pitt
No. 10. Dyspepsta Pitts—Yor Weak and Deranged Stom-
achs, Constipation dnd Liver. »
No, 11. Fon Feat Innecutanrmes—Scanty Painful or
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and Bearing Down, eee
No. 18. Croup Pu1s—For Croup, Hoarse Cough, Bad
Breathing.
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in the Chest, Buck, Loins or Linbe,
A.—For Fever and Ague, Chill Fever,
managed Agues,
P.—For Piles, Blind or Bleeding, Internal or External
0.—For Sore, Weak or Inflamed Eyes and-Eyelids; Pail-
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C,— For Catarrh, of long standing or recent, either with
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W. ©.—For Whooping-Cough, absting Its violence and
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In all Acore Diseases, such as Fevers, Inflammations, D!-
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Dumb Ague, old mis-
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COUGHS AND COLDS.—A gentleman, a public lecturer,
took a severe cold the latter part of lust month, while travel:
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BAD COLD.—A married lady of forty had taken a violent
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onto OATARRH.—A clergyman in a neighboring village
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had Dyspepsia for two years, attended witha severe pain
in the pit of the stomach, coming on during eating or as
#0on as food renched the stomach, and continuing through
the perlod of digestion. ‘The pain was severe aud aching,
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Was less carefully selegted, It was also worse during warm
Weather. The bowels were very costive—stools hard’ and
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fe commenced taking the Dysrarsis Pitts, one pill thres
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ek almost every symptom of her disease had y,
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“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.”
VOL. X. NO. 32.
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
AN ORIGINAL WHEELY
RURAL, LITERARY AND PAMILY NEWSPAPER
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE,
With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors,
‘Tre Rona New-Yorker |s designed to be unsurpassed
in Value, Purity, Usefulness and Variety of Contents, and
sapique and beautiful in Appearance, Its Conductor devotes
his personal attention to the supervision of ft yar.ovs de-
partments, and earnestly labors to render the Rugat an
eminently Reliable Guide on all the important Practical,
Sélentific and other Subjects intimately connected with the
‘Dusiness of those ros Inert it zealously advocates —
It embraces more Agric ral, Horticultural, Scientific,
Educational, Literary and News Matter, repersed with
appropriate and beautifal Engravings, than any other jour-
nal,—rendering it the most complete AGRIGUDTURAL, Lar
F ERALY AND Faanty Newsrares in America
a7 All communications, and business letters, should be
addressed to D, D. T. MOORE, Rochester, N, Y.
» For Tenss and other particulars, eve last page.
ee INQUIRIES AND NOTES.
SS —————
Catarrh in Cattle.
Eps, Ruma: ~ By your kindness I wish to inquire if
you, or any of your numerous readers, can give any
information as to the cause, cure, and the name of a
eomplaint among cows ond calves, the symptoms of
which are as follows:—They cough lightly at present,
butit may be more severe after a litle time—as was
the caso last sexson—and when this increases they are
Very much distressed in breathing—a quick short breath
—vory liitle appetite, and lessening the quantity of
milk of tho cows, Any information upon the above
- ROCHESTER, N. Y.—FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY,
root of the horn hot, and a heaving is perceptible
at the flanks, (light as it may be,) with a distaste
for food, the usual mode is to bleed. The author-
ity before quoted remarks;—To bleeding should
Succeed a dose of Epsom salts, with half an ounce
of ginger in it. The latter ingredient will pre-
vent griping, promote perspiration, and excite
the rumen to action, Hot, stimulating drinks must
be avoided. To the foregoing add warmth, warm
mashes, warm drinks, warm gruel, and a well
ventilated warm cow-stable, The following drinks
Will be found useful =
For Cough and Fever.—Emetic tartar, one
drachm ; powdered digitalis, half a drachm; nitre,
three drachms, Mix and give in a quart of tolera-
bly thick gruel. ;
For Purging.—Epsom salts, one pound; pow-
dered caraway seeds half an ounce. Dissolve in
a quart of warm gruel,
Seeding Down to Grass.
Havino several acres which I wish to seed down
to grass this fall—or a8 soon a8 such a process would be
advisable—will the RuBAL, or some of its correspon-
dents, give me a little information as to the proper time,
preparation of soil, &c.,and oblige—A Youxe Fanwex,
Seneca Co., N. ¥., 1859.
Tue best time for “seeding down to grass” is a
disputed point. Here, as in all other departments
of labor upon the farm, we will find conflicting
opinions—Spring and Fall have special advocates,
A Youxa Farwer “ wishes to seed this Fall, or as
soon as advisable,” and we are not aware of any’
better period than the present,—any time during
phis month or firet of September. Plow deep,
turn welland rott-with a heayy-rolter;
fine, well-rotted manure, evenly and freely, and
harrow thoroughly. If the incipient measures be
carefully and properly taken, a good crop can be
insured for avery minute premium. The smaller
the seed the finer should be the manure, and the
more necessary that it be well incorporated with
the soil, Winter-killed grass fields are rare where
all the labor has been skillfully and willingly per-
formed. In the N, Y. State Transactions for 1856,
subject will be very highly esteemed by—A Rurat
Reaper, Ward, Alleg. Co,, N. ¥., 1869,
©arrie are subject to several diseases—Catarrh,
Bronchitis, Inflummation of the Lungs, etc,—any of
which, in differentstages, would exhibit the symp-
toms furnished us by our correspondent. In an-
Swering queries of this nature we are often in doubt,
from the fact that many of the indications of dis-
order—those upon which the veterinarian relies
for the distinguishing characteristics—are deemed
of so little importance that they are not trans-
mitted, Toes like many others, are in the
pursuit o! lowledge under difficulties, and if
4n opinion ig expressed at all, we are compelled to
flod a basis for such expression in some extraneous
matter, as the season, age and condition of the
animals, sex, etc. This is our present -position,
and we pronounce the difliculty Catarrh, for the
reason that it is most prevalent at certain periods
of the year,— Spring and Autumn, —or during
wet, cool weather, and because young cattle, and
cows after calying, are very liable to its attacks.
Cauge.—It is often very difficult to say whence
Catarrh arises. Wery slight changes in tempera-
ture, or in the care of animals, will produce it.
If cattle be crowded in the cow-house, and the air
‘ ‘be heated to any considerable extent beyond the
external temperature, you may be confident of
i efading it, Where the food is not sufficient to
| keep up the growth and animal warmth—furnish-
4 ing full and proper nourishment—it is seldom a
herd can be found exempt. In the majority of
cases it is the result of mismanagement. The
Great fault, however, is in the fact that the mis-
chievous character of the disease is under-csti-
mated. A cough is a trifling matter, in the con-
sideration of many farmer, This is a grievous
error. The breeder should be aware of every
beast that coughs, and Proper attention for a few
days will Prove whether it is « only a slight cold,”
disappearing in a few days, or something that will
need close scrutiny and the immediate adoption of
a systematic course of treatment, Yovarr says
Wx. M. Hotwes, of Greenwich, Washington Co,
thus describes a trial of fall seeding to timothy,
He “‘divided a piece of land in the centre, uud
sowed half of it with seed and oats together, the
other half sowed oats alone—and turned it over
shallow after the oats were off, and sowed half a
bushel of timothy per acre. This was about the
1st of September, and it gaye more fall feed than
the spring seeding, The nextsummer, the spring
seeding was full of weeds, while the fall seeding
was ajl clear timothy. Equal amounts of land
gave:—Spring seeding, 3,840 lbs,; fall, 5,004 lbs.;
and the latter was worth $3 more than the for-
mer.” Will not some Rurau correspondent give
his experience for the benefit of our young friend,
as well as for all others who may desire similar
information ?
— We shall be glad to hear from Hon, A. B, D.,
of Steuben county, on this subject, (and also in
response tothe inquiry below,) as the result of his
experience must prove of interest and value.
Sulphur-Water for Butter-Making.
I wisn to inquire through the columns of your
Valuable paper what effect water, slightly impregnated
with sulphur, will have upon butter in the Process of
manufacure? I have a spring of this nature on my
place which I wish to carry to the house—there being
no objection but the above,—Ina K, Bart, New Ber-
in, 1859,
Nornixe that we know of more readily partakes
of impurities in the atmosphere than cream or
butters Either kept in a room where there is
acai mater, or strong effluyia of any kind,
for twelve hours, will be more or less injured by
it. All dairymen know the importance of using
the purest water that they can obtain for washing
butter. We havo never tried water impregnated
with sulphur, but we have injured butter by using
impure water, and that which we think far less
likely to work mischief than sulphur water. Our
correspondent can test the matter on a small
scale, and any of our readers who haye had expe-
rience on this point will please give us the result.
“there is no disease of a chronic nature by which
cattle are so seriously injured, or which is eventu-
ro fatal to them, as catarrhy yet Very few of
‘ose whose interest is at st oe, the slightest
tention to it. The cow may cough on from week
to week, and no one takes notice of it until the
tity of milk is seriously decreasing, or she is
i nd then medical treatment
g. The disease has now
lungs are seriously affected:
n is laid for confirmed consumy
“When the appetite has not failed,
e® observable on the muzzle, and the
one or two nights’ housing, a
'& dose of physic may restore again
‘ver, the muzzle be dry, the
i.
er «.
Taick on Tas Sow1no.—In a letter to the Lon-
don Agricultural Gazette, J. J. Meout remarks :—
“Yam about to “flag” great part of a field of
wheat drilled with 41¢ pecks of seed per acre. It
is too thick. Had I sown 2 bushels it would have
gone down in the grass. The field was wheat in
1857 nd beans in 1858. So much for deep culti-
¥ation, drainage and cleanliness. A thick crop is
Hares " ie result of a thick sowing, Much
SY 18 lost by sowing large quantities on highly
ae lands. If I were to catechise a farmer I
uld say:—How many bushels of crop do you get
for one bushel of seed? A Russian nobleman told
me to-day he got 2 to 2% for one. I replied that
my crops which he Was looking at would most
probably yield 40 for one,”
(oeust 6,
” THE POTATO,
-
A
POTATOES MIXING IN THE ‘HILL.
Messns. Eprrons:—I have tong thought that potatoes
might mix in the hill, but the way in which you account
for the increase of certain varieties over others, when
my faith somewhat. Then, if it is true, as you stato
that the tuber, or potato, is not seed, noteyen a root, ora
Part of a root, bat simply an enlargement of an under-
ground oh, I cannot see how these branches can
mix, a8 you observe, more than the branches above
ground, On this subject I am very anxious for more
light —D. A. W., Cathoun Co., Mich., 1859.
Axy one who will pull up a potato plant while
growing, and examine that portion which lives and
grows in the soil, will find that the main stalk
passes down from six to ten inches below the sur-
face, growing smaller as it descends. From this
stalk an abundance of main roots branch out, con-
nected with which will be many small, fibrous
roots, but on none of these will a potato, large oH
fmall, be found, From this main branch will als
‘grow out small, smooth, fleshy branches, thicker
“than the roots, and from these will also spring out
other branches of the same character, and on the
points of these the potatoes are formed, At first
the point is noticed as a little thickened, and it
gradually enlarges until the potato is fully grown.
The eyes of the potatoes are merely the buds of
these enlarged branches.
On this subject Prof. Gray makes the following
remarks :—‘ The potato plant has three principal
forms of branches:—1. Those that bear ordinary
leaves, expanded in ae , to digest what they
gathor from it ama wh #018 gathor from the
soil, aud convert it into nourishment. 2, After a
while a second set of branches at the summit of the
plant bears flowers, which form fruitand seed out of
a portion of the nourishment which theleaveshave
prepared. 8. But a larger part of this nourish-
ment, while in aliquid state, is carried down the
stem, into a third sort of branches under ground,
and accumulated in the form of starch at their
extremities, which become tubers, or depositories
of prepared solid food; just as in the turnip, car-
rot, dahlia, &c., itis deposited in the root, The
use of the store of food is obvious enough. In the
autumn the whole plant dies, except the seeds (if
it formed them) and the tubers; and the latter are
left disconnected in the ground. Just as that
small portion of nourishing matter which is de-
posited in the seed feeds the embryo when it ger-
minates, so the much larger portion deposited in
the tuber nourishes its buds, or eyes, when they
likewise grow, the next spring, into new plants.
And the great supply enables them to shoot with a
greater vigor at the beginning, and to produce a
greater amount of vegetation than the seedling
plant could do in the same space of time; which
vegetation in turn may prepare and store up, in the
course of a few weeks or months, the largest
quantity of solid nourishing material, in a form
most ayailable for food,”
Thinking, from the similarity between the upper
and lower branches, that we could cause tubers to
grow on the stems above ground, by forcing the
buds into tubers, we made an experiment which
proved quite successful, and which we will endeayor
to make plain with the aid of the accompanying
engraving. About the first of June, selecting a
branch of the Zarly June variety, about eight or
ten inches or length, we cut it more than half
through, about an inch from the surface of the soil,
somewhat similar to a cut for layering, The
branch was then laid down and slightly covered
with earth for five or six inches of its length, the
cut part being left above ground, as also the upper
part of the bran The result was as we antici-
pated, potatoes were formed from the buds, the
lower ones being perfect, while the two aboye,
as shown in the engraving, were only partially
changed, the young branch and leaves growin
out of the upper end of the potato. The branch
at this point was only covered with the slightest
sprinkling of earth.
JENNY LIND POTATO.
Messna, Eps.:—A correspondent inquires of the Jenny
Lind Potato, I planted one acre Just season, and har-
vested over four hundred bushels of good, healthy,
sound potatoes. I planted elght different kinds on two
Acres and a balf of ground, and harvested ejght hun-
dred ond forty bushels, and bad no rotten ones from
either kind. The Jenny Linds, you see, yielded mo far
the best crop, but the best cfibwan they brought the
best price in market. They welgh several pounds
more to ae than any other kind that I raised,
‘They are a good eating potato, and you hear no grum-
bling from the cook about smallenes. All that I know
ose of my
abi ir being subject to 4, th,
ne) ors who planted them afl fa crop
¢, but they were no worse than other Mata
think not quite as bad.—AspaEW Catnovy, Court i
(859,
Fhow the description given in the Rurar of the
Sth ult, by a Massachusetts correspondent, we
have not been led to think very highly of the
the seed happens even to be slighlly mixed, has shaken |,
POTATOES GROWING ON THE HAULM,.
denny Lind. It is said to be a seedling of the
Aferino, not a very creditable parentage, and to
resemble the Zolan, certainly a yery bad mark,
Then it has another very bad trait—‘the yines
will be fresh ond green until hard frosts in the
fall.” This is enough in our opinion to condemn
it asa table potato. A potato with its top green
is immature and watery, and we reject all long-
growing, late sorts, They are only good when
planted very early, and when the autumns are
warm and dry.
PRINCE ALBERT POTATO.
Messes. Eps,:—I noticed in the Rurar of June 1ith
an editorial in which a desiregis expressed to know
whence came the name of the Prince Albert potato. In
the winter of 189 essré, MAnsmat & Poweroy,
produce merchants in Mobile, found among an inyoice
of potatoes a lot which had no name. When publish-
ing their annual catalogue they christened the nameless
lot “Prince Albert,” and they were shipped to various
parts of the country for seed. I haye not been able to
learn whero this firm originally procured the potatoes,
nor what was their real name, ‘This information is a3
I learned it from the lips of a planter who ordered some
of the potatoes, and also from a Mobile merchant. I
haye shown the Ruka to several planters and others,
and ithas received the highest commendation. It is
esteemed of great value by them, giving so fair an idea
of farm life st the North, as {t does.—G. D. B. Minter,
Marion, Ala., 1859.
This may account for the name, but the dealers,
it seems to us, might have very easily ascertained
the name of the potato they sold, had they ap-
plied to the parties of whom they were procured.
They were certainly to blame if they sent ont an
old yariety with a new name, which, if not de-
signed to deceive planters, was very likely to
produce this result, causing confusion and Joss,
But, from the following communication from an
intelligent English gardener, it will be seen that
there is a variety known in England as the Prince
Albert :
Messrs. Epa.:—In a recent number of the Runat,
alluding to the Flake and Prince Albert potatoes, you
wrongly conjectured them to be one and the same
varlety. Itisnow some five years ago that I resided
inthe South of England, and I well remember that my
father brought home some of the Prince Alberts from
the neighborhood of Slough, On planting them along-
side of the Flukes the difference in the variety was at
once apparent, even to a casual observer. The Flukes
being quite dark in the color of the foliage, and the
Prince Alberts being of a much lighter green, a much
stronger grower, and equally as productive. We st
once concluded ft to be quite as good a potato as the
Fluke, and I think a bettor producer. If my memory
serves me right, the tubers of the Prince Albert are not
as flat as the Flukes, being more round and of 8 greater
length.—Jon Cmanuron, Rochester, V. Y-, 1859.
We have now the variety we procured for Prince
Albert and the Fluke growing side by side, and
though we could see no difference in the tubers,
| there seems to be quite a difference in the foliage,
in color and general appearance, much as de-
scribed by our correspondent, We shall watch
them until digging time, and then shall be pre-
pared to express & somewhat positive opinion in
regard to their identity.
THE APIARIANS,
Mr. Kmpy concludes his second article in refer-
ence to that sham Convention as follows :—‘T feel
that I was forced into this, my Jirst and last one,
and in future shall make no reply to any attacks
which may be made on my articles, excepting
when I am convinced that I have advocated some-
thing that is wrong, and then I will make use of
the same columns, in making my acknowledge-
ments and correcting my mistake, that first pub-
lished the error to the world.” I cannot of course
tell what impelling power “forced” Mr. K. to the
attack. Iam sure I had said nothing to him until
I was censured, personally and publicly. Long-
tested, and reliable principles in bee-culture were
attacked, and ruinous recommenda were ad-
yocated instead, Did Mr. K. suppose that:
sit tamely by and tacitly acknowledge
right? Itis rather too late for him to shj
shoulders of any one else the origin of thi
versy. Itseems he is not going to repl:
further remarks unless “convinced” that he |
error, I can assure him it is unnecessaryeyen |
then, for he has made so many palpable blunders,
that no one would be any detiebiistiea after he
had acknowledged his mistake. Everyone would
have to éest the matter for himself. iis is one of
the advantages growing out of such discussion —
people get interested, and investigate for them-
selves—it is the only way to get rid of the nu-
merous presumptuous eonceits in bee-culture.—
Tow much better he has made things by writing
his second article—quite clear — transparent os
mud at lest! Let us review alittle. I wish to be
fairin this matter, as he says I accused him of
what he did not say, in order to prove something
to suit my purpose.
Mr. eta his first article, “that they (the
bees,) deposit their honey in the top of the hive,
and that after cold weather sets in they collect in
the upper part of the hive, where they have previ- |
ously provided and placed their food, ” Inhis last, i
he continues :—‘‘In this I claim that I am right, | ‘
that the expression I then made use of was correct,
and that Mr. Q is Me We both admit that |
capped honey is in the, of the hive, te ;
by his manner of quoting, makes me say that they 7
cluster upon capped honey a which I did not say,
nor imply, a8 I am perfectly aware that with the
bee, food does not mean honey alo; “Now,
reader, what do you make of this? ‘daa it be re-
conciled? He says “they deposit their honey atthe
top of their hive,”—“ after cold weather sets in
oan. in the upper part of the hive,”—“ we
"—“but Mr. Q., by his manner of quotivg,
makes me say that they cluster upon the capped
honey,” &c, If any other conclusion can be drawn
from it I cannot see it. “Capped honey is in the
top of the hive,” yet the bees do not cluster on it,
although they collect there at the beginning of
cold weather. { would really like to know what &/3R
they did cluster upon? It may be that “the top” ¢
and “upper part,” does not mean the same place ;
with him, any more than that honey and food of S
Br 8 the same thing:
gl perfectly aware
pret an English sentence so per-
lain as the one selected” T sup-
e to plead guilty to a dull appre-
we tried my best to comprehend how
erfecuy aware” of this, proves it—
the mature bee in winter, is anything
ey. Tbave never discovered spy evi-
dence of it, and I bave not the least idea Pe
K. can bring any proof of it, further thi ere
opinion, avd that, I shall object to.
As regards transgressing the laws of Gop it is
unnecessary to say any thing further on that point.
Tt isa question aside from the real one at issue,
and besides it would cnerous to do 60, a8 be
says be ig “by no
ae for having
every thing in ita natural sta! This is ealie-
Ji
Respecting the entranoe of the bive being de-
signed to be at the bottom, Mr. K. eays:—‘* The
evidence will be found in the answers of the great
majority of bee-kecpers, when asked their opinion
on the subject, as well as in their practice in usii
hives of this construction.” Suppose all these
men hare used such hives, aud no others, as did
their fathers—does it prove anything farther than.
that the makers of them designed the entrance at | tho’
the bottom? All the numerous experiments of
Mr. K. that prove this “very point, tbat have been
witnessed by honorables, divines, doctors, lawyers,
and magistrates, who are ready to bear testimony
to the result,” prove only the facts, These men
being doctors, lawyers, &c., dos not qualify them,
on that account, to judge in regard to a bee hive.
Tam perfectly willing to admit the result of his
experiments, as far as the work of the bees is con-
cerned, But I deny that there is ground for any
such conclusion, It being “proof positive” to
K., only shows that some folks are very easily
tisfied! This strong proof that the entrance
Was designed at the bottom, is as fullows:—
“When openings have been made in the hive at
trent heights from the bottom, and covered
th wire screen, the bees have invariably closed
m up With bec-plue, even going to the chamber,
i Ac, I therefore regard the evidence as complete,
that Gop designed the entrance should be at the
| bottom.” Yes, and the same hind of evidence
sgt just as strong that the entrance was de-
ned at the top! Just mske a hole through the
ttom-board, and cover it with wi
let the hive down close, and soon the hive is
filled it will be glued to the botto: id the wire
Screen covered completely sir tight! I wonder
that Mr. K.'s extensive experience did not discover
this, and save himself from a ridiculous position.
Tho merest tyro in bee-culture can testify to the
fact, that wheuever his hive bottom has rested on
the bottom board, and was full through the season
of collecting propolis, that it was invariably glued
fast. It requires but little observation to show
that al? inequalities of the hive—corners, cracks
too small fora passage, (whether top or bottom,)—
will be sealed.up; also, a chip, gravel stone, block
of wood, or even a “snail” Will have tho edges of
his shell fastened to the board have not in-
tended to say that tho bottom of tho hive was not
4 proper place for the entrance. What I objected
to, was the proof of Mr. K. that Gop designed it
there.
To regard to the direction that a bee would take
on passing the entrance into the hive when ¢hat
is about the middle, he thinks all “ intelligent bee-
keepers would answer, promptly and decidedly,
upwards. Even Mr. Q., himself, should he be
present, would, I am confident, if he answered at
all, faintly articulate the word upward,” Here,
as usual, Mr. K. is wrong again. I happen to
bave some facts bearing directly on this very
point, where the bees themselves have decided it,
‘This last spring, in moving the bees to one of my
apiories away from home, the loose covers of two
of the ‘able frame hives were slipped off far
enoug! low the bees to pass, and were left so
careless ere was an opportunity for the bees
| to choose which place they would enter—top or
: : bottom. Those going in at the top must of neces-
| ity co downward—I think even Mr. K., were he
: “present, would faintly articulate” they do go
q downward. Tho result has been in this matter,
| that nineteen in twenty, if not ninety-nine in a
q hundred, prefer to enter the top, a8 it is probably
easier to carry a load down than up. They haye
| | — Worked thus through the summer so far, and are
icreen ; then
7“
Si
advise teachers in apia-
's how they jum;
Some new swarms their choice of entrance, which
where the bee, stlae from instinct, proved as
isville, on the N.Y. Central Rail-
ter bottom up, Mr. K. says his “future success
have me try it to prove a success? I have donc it
other tay, With the way he recommends, I was
Bim, without
n=
P is as much trouble to disp;
i 88 prosperous us others, To test this thing a little
farther since seeing Mr. K.’s article, I have given
isthe samo as the old stocks. Do these facts prove
anything? I think if Mr. K. had the chance,
much for him, he would be apt to make use of it.
i tisfy any one who chooses to stop and see
it
things are as stated.
lacing stocks in the house for win-
will probably decide the correctness of his theo-
Ties on this point,” How long would he like to
twenty years, and begin to doubt if bees can be
i wWintered in the common hive so successfully any
f, hie completely spoiled
_ by moulding, Having had this experience, I hope
. » Mr K. will exo
| tered ten stocks in the manner desoribed by
} t
f it bund:
|} 8 spot as largo
through ignorance,
st one in the first place,
iv we can t
of bee hives, and prove ae
int: swhich bofore were only guessed
mene
WHEAT CULTURE. URI WHEAT.
Joux Jouxstox, Esq., of 8 county, favors
us witb the following interesting article, in reply
to o recent lotter of inquiry,—and also one on
the Winter Feeding of Stock, which we sball give
afature number, As the dime of sowing wheat
deemed an important point in sections where
the midge prevails—many of our most experienced
farmers considering early sowing necessary —Wwe
shall be glad to receiye Mr, Jonnston’s views on
the subject, (as sia below,) and also those of
other successful cultivators in this region.
Near vA, N. Y., 28tb Joly, 1889,
Mr. Epiton:— of the 2otbh was di
receivid, In re; issouri wheat, it was
sown on or abou tember. ({ don’t
approve of very id may give you
my reasons at 50 T was made to
believe that it was i he 26th of May,
and so published; ‘but
on the 28th, it was not in full ear, thougs much
of it wos. I sowed a little less than a busbel—
say from a pint to a quart less. Toe yield was
8014 bushels by measure and 81 by weight—00 Ibs.
to the bushel, It has a very stiff straw; will re-
quire and will stand bigh manoring,—as all wheat
with suff straw that ever I iequainted with
needs rich land and high culture to make paying
crops. The Soule’s wheat requires the same, al-
| though I think the Missouri wheat is stiffer in the
straw. It is called an amber-colored wheat, but
it is what I would have called a red wheat—not
bearded, but considerable spikes on the chaff.
The kernel is not quite as large as the Soule’s
when plomp, yet it bas a plump kernel and is said
to make extra flour, I shall try one bushel in
floor. The 291¢ bushels I will sow, and if I can
recommend it next season will sell fur seed. It
came nearly a week earlier in ear than the Medi-
terranean, but was no earlier ripe; yet that don’t
matter, if it only gets ear early, so that the
chaff becomes a little jhard before the midge is
ready, and then they cannot sting it. I am in
great hopes it may prove a valuable acquisition to
this country, e
My Soule’s wheat is very fine this season, and
must give an excellent return. When threshed,
Iwill probably inform you, The whole field (28
acres) was very highly manured with cattle and
sheep manure, but the Missouri wheat had rather
the worst chance,
The twoylast Seasons previous to this onr wheat |
crops were late, and I suffered a good deal from
midge; they were the only two years I suffered
much from that insect, as I never bad less than an
average of 25 bushels per acre, (and always Soule’s,)
But these two years I have not, nor ever had, any
fear of raising paying crops of wheat, independent
of the midge, in ordinary seasons, as I never take
over six crops of grain after manuring until I ma-
nure again, and eften not oyer four crops between
manurings. Then my manure is rich; I generally
feed 20 tuns of oil cake meal every winter, and
have done so for nearly twenty winters past— and
some seasons as high as 45 tuns—besides consider-
able corn, buckwheat and oats.
It is just as yain to think that land can continue
to raise wheat year after year unless it is highly
fed, as to think you can get full work out of oxen
or horses that have notbing but a straw stack to
feed upon. I know if it had not been for rich ma-
nure, plenty of plaster, lime, and high feeding of
cattle and sheep, I could never have paid for my
land, built all the buildings, underdrained the
whole farm, (the wood lot of 26 acres excepted.) I
believe that but for this mode of management I
would have been obliged to enter the poor-honse
when I became unable to labor,
Jonx Jonnsroy,
e+
AJRICULTURAL SOCIETIES AND PREMIUMS,
Messrs. Epitors :—I am pleased to learn (by the
Ronax of July 23d) that several Agricultural So-
cieties have manifested their appreciation of the
Ronat, by ordering copies of it to distribute
among their exhibitors as premiums. And I hope
all other Agricultural Societies will imitate this
laudable example This is just as it should be.—
The Ronat is justly acknowledged to be the best
Agricultural and Family Paper in America,—
Therefore, it is not only suitable and valuable to
offer as a premium, but is far better than cash.—
All efforts to introduce it will add much to the
public welfare, and when it is once introduced it
will require no effort to “‘keep it before tho peo-
ple,” for whoever once reads it will not do without
itfor five times its cost. I have often thought
that the objects of Agricultural Societies, and the
interest of their exhibitors and community gene-
rally, wonld be far better promoted by paying their
Premiums in appropriate Agricultural Books and
Journals than in money. Some persons may sug-
gest that they can as well subscribe for such pa-
pers and purchase such works themselves, inde-
pendent of Agricultural Societies, which is all
true; yet there are thousands who have but few if
any such works or journals, and will neglect to ob-
tain them until they do it by the earnest solicita-
tion of some other parties. But when these per-
sons do perchance obtain and read them, they will
invariably appreciate and highly prize them and |
would not be deprived of them for thrice their.
cost. And I am confident that there are few
libraries but what would be improved by the addi-
tion of some Agricultural y Give us more
ing, and give
“al Societies
ae and journals and
to introduce them,
Agricultural and other
‘the best works on
) Pomology, Horses,
id make out a list o
es, in order that members
ay select such as
give their orders to the amount of
s, 80 that it would only be necessary
for the Society to purchase such works as were
ordered, Every A ral Society should kee
a complete Libra such works; also, Stud
Books und Herd Bi e two latter being neces- |
sary for the use of the Examining Committees on
Thorough-bred Horses and Cuttle, 10 enabling them
to decide correctly us to the correctness and au-
th ti
ent ek pedigrees, oon - Susscawen,
as T have seen them stand in the hot sun un
= =
ABOUT PLOWING - ANSWER TO CRITICISMS,
Eps. Rorau:—It is curious to note the/excep-
tions of your Mchigan and Glens Falls corres-
pondents, to my article on Plowing. Ieboula not
have been surprised if tho former, being used
(probably) to the prairies, considered figure Ist
rather steep; but how any one hatliog from War-
ren county should think so, i# more thea I cao
magine, I bave never been in J, Hs neighbor-
hood, but those who have inform me that they get
all their grain upon sleds, and gather their apples
by letting them roll down to the bottom of the
orchards, where they are all scooped up st once.
A vebicle there on wheels, is said to be a great
curiosity to the natives’ Your Michigan corres-
pondent thinks that a plowman should be able to
guide any horse team with accuracy. Now, I
have seen teams go ill-matched and unmanageable,
that I defy any one to plow well and guide them
at the same time, ~f should like to see him drive
a fractious, high-spirited span of four year old
colts among those stumps he speaks of, I main-
tain that, in order to plow well, a good plow, a
sharp point, a well-trained team, a skillful plow-
man, combined with patience and good judgment,
are all necessary, and neither of them the ulti-
matom.
ss
As for figure 1st, which troubles J. H. so much,
I plead in abatement, that I drew it with the
Green Mountains in my eye, on the one hand, and
had the rugged and steep hillsides of Warren
county in my thoughts, on the other. Under such
circumstances, is it strange that figure 1st looms
up considerablo? I never plowed a hill quite so
steep, but if J. I. wishes to try, I will depart
from my usual course, and theorize as suggested,
forhim. I think he might do it by using a bigh,
rangy horse on the lower side, and a short-legged
Canada pony on the other, having the harness so
adjusted that the horses could shift sides with
expedition and ease, Rigged out in this manner,
[have no doubt but he might plow that bill to a
charm. But he need not make that acknowledge-
ment be speaks of. I shall be satisfied if he
thinks I am about middling, I am ob H
read my article, as children sometimes do books,
by looking at the pictures, since figuro Ist filled
bis eye so completely, that be thougbt of nothing
else. But enough, gentlemen, As the bills say,
this is ‘‘positively my last appearance” on the
subject of plowing. a. K.P,
Cambridge Valley, N. Y., 1859.
DRAINING AND SUBSOIL PLOW.
Tue implement above represented has been used
to some extent in Cayuga and other counties, aud
given very general satisfaction so far as we are
aware. The manufacturers furnish the following
in regard to its operation and advantages, both as
a Ditching and Subsoil Plow:
“The depth may be regulated by raising the
movable beam up the stiff, upright cast iron stem,
a slot being made in the beam to meet the change
of place by the circular movement. A similar
provision is made for raising or depressing the
handles, except the stem is of wood. If this plow
were intended for subsoiling only, there need be
but one continuous and fixed beam, and the handles
need not yary in height. When used for ditching,
it loosens up the subsoil, and obviates the use
ofthe pick. In many places the subsoil is so hard
that two-thirds or three-fourths of the whole labor
is required to loosen it if done by hand. Hence
the great saving by the use of horse labor. This
plow is drawn by two horses, attached to the ends
ofa main whipple-tree about seven feet long, so
that one may walk on each side. From one to
three times passing will loosen up five or six
inches of earth, which is then thrown out by hand
with narrow shoyols, constructed for this purpose.
The same process is then repeated, The earth be-
ing thrown out on both sides alike, is easily re-
turned to the ditch after the tile is Jaid, by means
of a common plow, the horses being attached to the
long whipple-tree us before. One pair of horses
will thus fill in about one mile inaday. Drains
which have cost thirty to thirty-five cents per rod
when dug wholly by hand, have been completed
with the assistance of this implement, ready for the
tile, at a cost of ten to twelve cents.” [For price
and other particulars, see advertisement.]
RAISING TURKEYS—ONCE MORE,
—
Messrs, Ens,:—Having noticed the articles in
the Rurax of July 16th, in regard to raising turkeys,
in which the writers did not mention some things
which I think might beof use to those who wish to
succeed, I will now give my method, As soon as
the turkeys are hatched, I feed each of them one
grain of pepper, and put them into coops that are
arranged so that I can clean them out every day.
T then feed them on corn meal, and for drink I give
them sour milk. I have the coops constructed so
that the young turkeys are mostly in the shade
until they are about four weeks old—then I let them
out in the day-time, and shut them nights. This
year I have forty turkeys, and have lostbutone, I
prefer setting the eggs under the old turkeys rather
than hens, becau ey will ramble in the fields
more and give the young turkeys an opportunity
to catch bugs, flies and grasshoppers, which are of
great benefit to them, 1 think one of the most im-
portant things in raising turkeys is to keep them
the sun until they are about four wi 1d,
they
would begin to gap and drop their wings, and
finally die, My experience teaches me three things
— young turkeys must be kept clean, dry and from
the sun, : A. D. Tuomrson.
‘Niagara County, N. ¥., 1559.
Rural Spirit of the Press.
The Warmer’s Creed.
Tax following is from the New Jersay “ Prete
Zeilung, German:
I believe io small and well cultivated farms,
T believe thatthe soil wants poarishment, as well
a3 mao consequently, it needs manure,
I bebe Ro0d crops, uot exhausting the soil,
but evriching it as well as the proprietor,
I believe thut evorythiog ought to be tested tothe
bottom; therefore, I believe io deep plowing.
I believe that all the lime, gypsum, bone dust
and guano in the world cannot render a farm prof-
itable, unless combined with intelligence, care and
industry,
I believe in good fences, good barns, good farm
houses, good cattle, good orchards, and plenty of
children to gather the fruit,
I believe in a clean kitchen, and a neat woman
in it; ip a clean dairy, and a clean conscience.
I believe that farmers, who do not improve their
Soil; farms, which grow poorer every year; cattle,
that look like 80 many skeletons; farmers’ sons,
who are bent, by all means, upon growing into
clerks and merchants; farmers, fivally, who are
ashamed of their station, and attempt to drown
this feeling in liquor—all those I believe to be
worth nothing,
On Butter Making.
Tax following remarks on butter making are
from “Our Farm of Four Acres and the Money We
Made by it,’ ‘In some parts of the country the
butter made by the farmers’ wives for salo is not
washed at all; they say it washes all the taste
away. They remove it from the churn, and taking
itin the hands, dash it repeatedly on the board;
that is what they call ‘smiting' it. The butter so
made is always strong, and of two colors, a3 a por-
tion of the buttermilk remains in it; and if any of
it were put in a cup, and that placed in hot water
for the purpose of clarifying, there would, when it
was melted, bo found large deposits of buttermilk
at the bottom of the cop. Guvod butter tried thus,
yiélds scarcely any residuum. Besides, this ‘smit-
ing’ is avmost disgusting process to wituess. In
warm weather it adheres to the hands of the ‘smit-
ter,’ who puffs and blows over it as if it were hard
work. Indeed [ once heard strong looking girl,
daughter of a small farmer in Kent, say, that she
; vas vever well, for ‘smiting’ the butter was such
dreadful hard work that it gave her pain in her
side, After this ‘smiting’ is over, it is then put
on a butter-print and préssed with the band till it
is considered to have received the impression. It
is then, through a small hole in the handle, blown
off the print with the mouth. I don’t think I shall
ever eat butter again which appears on tho table
with the figures of cows, flowers, &c,, stamped on
it. I should always think of the process it had
gone through for the sake of looking pretty.”
The Willow and Willow Ware.
Tux Boston Commercial Bulletin furnishes the
following statistics relative to the growth of the
Willow in this country, and the importations, both
crude and manufactured, etc., which may prove of
value as showing the demand existing for its pro-
duction :—*The willow used in making willow
ware in this country, was formerly imported al-
most entirely. At present a large portion, esti-
mated by some at one-half the quantity consumed,
is grown in the United States, and chiefly, as we
understand, in Pennsylvania, Ohio and Kentucky,
A manufacturer of willow ware in Ripon, Wis.,
grows the Welsh willow on four acres of land,
near that town, and this 1s perhaps the only place
in that State where it is cultivated. The present
is the second year he has cut his willow, and from
his four acres he obtained six tuns, four of which
he sold in St. Louis at $100 atun. The importa-
tion last year of willow, unmanufactured, was
valued at $35,141, of which $21,192 was from
France, and $11,708 from Belgium, The manu-
factures of willow imported the same year were
valued at $112,725, of which $68,902 was from
Bremen, $34,126 from France, $6,280 from Ham-
burg, and $2,029 from England. Most of both
these imports are received at Now York. The
imports of the previous year were larger, viz :—
$175,484 of manufactures of willow, and $41,778
unmanufactured ; and were, respectively, in about
the same proportion from the several countries as
in the last year.”
Steam Plowrna—Success/ul Trial.—Fawses’ Steam
Plow was tried a few days since at Oxford Park, near
Philadelphia, in the presence of a number of practical
farmers and mechanics. From the reports we have
seen, it {s evident the trial was very satisfactory, indica
ling the complete success of the invention. A Commit-
tee appointed in behalf of the Pa. State Ag. Society
muko a gratifying report, in which they say the engine,
of 80 horse power, is adapted to either wood or coal,
and when the latter is used consumes about half a tun
aday, All doubts of the success of the machine were
speedily removed when it was put in operation. “The
plows, eight in number, which were suspended by
chains in a frame attached to the rear of the Machine,
about elghteen inches aboye the ground, by means ofa
slight adjustment of a crank, were dropped to their
proper position for action; and at the sound of the
whistle the plow moved forward in the most graceful
manner, performing its work with case, and to the ad-
miration and perfect satisfaction of the most skeptical.
Tho soll, which was mado to yield to tho united action
of the eight mold boards, each turning a furrow slice
of fourteen inches in width and six inches in depth,
moying atthe rate of four miles an hour, (or four acres
an hour,) presented tho appearance, in viewing it from
the rear, of the undulations of a wave, hiding tho
plows entirely from view. The effect was most pleas-
ing, and olicited the admiration of all. The experiment
was made upon a tough timothy sod, which bad not
been plowed for some seven years previously. The
grade was of about soven degrees, which tested the
powers of the machine to perform on {nolined surfaces,
One of the Committee, familiar with prairie plowing,
affirms that he has never seen level pruiric turned as
beautifully by horse power #s the uneven timothy sod
was by the steary plow.” The Committes further state
that the machine is adupted to uneven surfaces—thut it |
was propelled rapidly over several gullies, one of which:
was 19 inches deep, While others wore very abrupt,
without any apparent detriment, and also moved in a
circle several times, of a diameter of about twenty-five
feet, and passed across the ground just plowed, withwut
any difficulty, showing its adaptedness for alt azriou'tu-
ral purposes, not only asa fleld plow but as a means of
propulsion for mowing and reaping machines,
fested regions,
ho purpose sowlog whest the k auto: wil
naturally look for plump, clean seed of the b sod
Most prodoctive early and hardy variotios This isa
mattor of great Importance, aod should receive early
and careful altention, Suoh as cannot o} wollablo
seed in thelr own Jocalitios, should at once look lace
where, #0 as to secure asupply of a destral artety {n
ecnson—for, even if tho midge should not prevail an-
other soar, (as some believe it will nou) {tis the part ot
wisdom to prepare for tho enemy by using Proper pre
caution to selecting wocd and sowing it early, Tt fe
always wise to use the best and parcat seed obtainable,
and certainly those formers of Western aod Contrad
New York who porpose entering opon wheat cultare
agalo abould tako special pains to start right—remem-
bore © procuring of proper scod, and sowing it
at the might time on. good, well-prepared soll ts alle
importeut The varieties recently introduced from the
South and Southwest are worthy ai aed attention.
We have noticed several, and shall be giad to receive
and publieh the results of any satisfactory oxporiments
with these and other now varieties, no that our readers
may be correctly advised. If the midge contloues to
Prevail, we must have carly varieties, and thesa will
naturally come from the South. The question as to
which aro the bost varieties is very esscntial, and ro-
malos to be determined. In deciding it evry ono
should have rogard to the public welfare.
Wuear Growryo i Cextear New York—We are
glad to learn that the farmers of Central New York
have cause to be encouraged relative to wheat culture,
and to know that somo of the best of them concur in tho
views we havo expressed as to what ia requisite to auc
cess. In 4 recont letter the Hon. Gxo. Gennes, of Fatr-
mount, Onondaga Connty, writes us follows:—"1 ie
bave read the slips enclosed in your letter
article entitled * Wheat Cultare—Evading
aod find our views alike in regard to
Last year we raised on ten acres of Iand (having over a
dozen large apple trees and two other large shade trees
on {t,) 410 bushels of Mediterranean wheat—which ya~
riety bas become equal in quality to the old red chat
bald, but has less grains in@ bend. If Mediterrancan
wheat is sown on rich, dry land by Sept 10th, In an
ordinary season, wo may expect 25 bushels to the acre.
‘The other varleties you name, I have notseen. Spring
wheat (China Tes,) is promising very fine crops here,
and I think fs to take the plobe of the Barley crop, q
which can no longer be ralsed here at loss than §1 por
bushel.”
A Partum Arpeectatep — Ketchum's Combined
Machine—In sonnection with an article published
elsewhero, Mr. I, W. Buraas, of Wayne county, thus
acknowledges a premium awarded him last year: ~ If
it will not be stretching this article too long, I would | 9
like to tender my grateful scknowledgments for that i
floe present of a Combined Reaper and Mower of the
manufacture of R. L. Howann, of Buffalo, for my ham-
ble efforts in behalf of the Runa New-Yorrrn. And
perbaps it may not be doing injustice to manufacturers,
venders and purcbasers, to say that Krroncm’s Com-
bined Machine is the thing, after all. My Machine is
off on duty almost every day, excepting Sundays, In
neighborhoods whero other machines sre plenty
have bad presciog invitations to mow and reap, but
csn’t attend to half the calls, Long live the Ruzan
New-Yorrer, its Editor and his co-workers,”
Peortn’s CovtecE.—Mr. President Brown announces
thatthe annual meeting of the Trustees of this Iostitu- | |
tion will be held at Havana, on Wednesday next, Aug. .
10th. Rey. Asa D. Ssrtu, D.D., is to deliver an ad-
dress before the corporation of the College and other
friends of the institution; and it is expected that Gov,
Morcax, Ex-Goy. Hust, Hon. EnAstcs Brooxs, Hon.
Gesarr Surrn and Hon, Jas. S. Wavswoerm will be
present and deliver addresses. ‘The Building Commit-
tee have caused three stories of the main edifice of the
College building, above the basement story, to be eroct-
ed, and a commencement to be made on the fourth.—
‘The building is to go up and be roofed this season,
Spurx¢ Barter Sown 1
July 4th, Mr, Jomy Jom “Hess Road, Niagara
county, N. Y., writes :—' It may be of somo use to your
readers to learn that, at least in ono instance, Spriog
Barley, sown in the fall, has grown ond ripened as
wellas winter barley. My brother-in-law, Davip Baier,
of the town of Porter, in this county, had not enough
seed of the winter kind to flaish sowing all the ground
he had propared last fall, s0 he took his spring barley
to Anish with, and now It fs all ready to ent and no dif-
ference percelyable.”
’
~ 7
‘Pai.—Under dato of
.
Prants vron One Acur.—Counting plants one foot
apart each way, We shall have 43,560 upon an acre,
because an acre contains that number of snuperfictal
fect. Tako the Ogures in the first column of the follow-
ing table as the distance apart, aud an acre will contain
tho number of plants in the second column :
99 feet ..
210
35 feet
45 feet
New Harrow anp Srep Sowes.—Mr. W. S. Hunter
of Cortland county, N. Y., informs the Tribune that bi
has invented and patented a Revolving Harrow and —
Broadcast Sower—the two may be used in combination
or separate, He says, when detached, the sower does
its work with surpassing ease and excellence, and the
revolving harrow being’ so constructed as to adjust
itself to any irregularities of ground, commends itself
to the farmer as no other can. Thoroughly pulverizing
the soll, it completes its work at once, better than others
in three times going over the ground. It has been in
uso all the Spring in bis vicinity, and glyen entire
satisfaction €
A Ber-Keering Locauy.—Mr. Wat, I. Esovons
who resides in the southeast part of Riga, in this county,
eays thatin his neighborhood—within a circumference
of two miles—thirty-six porsona keep bees. Quito a
number of these have from twenty to thirty swarms
each, and Mr, E. himself has seventy-aix. He thinks
fall half the farmers in the district named are bee-keep~
era, and that {tis rare that so large a proportion of In-
habitants of any town are boe-culturists.
i*
y—In reply to Mo statement of
Axsoturn Goop Cow er © 25th,)—who
Mr. Sauson, of Le Roy, (10 none
reported that his cow gave aD ave 61 Ibs. of milk
er day for ono week, ~ Mr. J. HL. Wiuttaas, of Gates,
P 4 that he has 6 native cow which
‘near this olty, informs 08 us
gave, for one week in June past, an average of 66 Ibs.
«
of milk per day.
aux Mars Stats Fare Is to be held
ogq inelusivo—a week Iater than tho perlod
nated by the Trustees. [Wo shall publish a d Hist
of Stato and County Fairs ina ‘- or two.
AN EXTENSIVE FEAR ORCHARD.
id we visited a very extevsive pear
em? ot perbops the largeatin West-
1p New York, planted by Messrs, Srarks aod
“Marnsox, embracipg forty-five acres, on which is
growing over 4,500 young standard pear trees, all
healthy aud making a good growth, and many of
tna a5 fruit. So well pleased were we with
the appearance of this orchard, that we made a
rather carefal examination, and gained some facts,
which may f interest and profit to our readers.
These trees from three to five years old when
planted, which was done during the winter of
1957-8. The winter being unusually mild, plat
ing, which commenced in December, was continued
through Japvary, February, March and April.
Occasionally, freezing weather would put a stop to
i the work for a few days. No difference is app
ront in the growth of the trees between those which
4 were planted in the full, spring or winter, and not
ad
out ofthe number died. The varieties are
224 Dearboro’s Beediing. 59
Gaonnel’s Bergamot 60
Colambin,. iS)
5 Bouma 5 a0
“Bartlett <3....1,000 Winter Nelli :
! Bene ars dilive Lawrenee . 3
Booked 270 Glout Moreenn....... 116
Vireation Viear WiokGeld . 876
Onondaga. Esser Beurre ..,. w
Boeldon . -
The soil is a clay loam, or as the proprietor
Be! “limestone loam” for eight to
hes or more, subsoil clay, though not very
stiff, having an odmixtore of Jonm, with ao little
sand, the whole resting upon fossil limerock. The
round was prepared by snbsoiling, about eighteen
ic leep, and the trees plan! twenty ,
apart each way. In setting them out the
Were covered with earth to the depth of abou!
ch, over which was spread something like
inches of stable manure, The remaining portion
é of the opening was then filled with earth to grade,
The planting being completed the upper portion
of the roots were abont one inch below the avernge
grade of the soil. About oneybalf a busbel of
earth was placed at the foot of each tree, in a con-
ioal form, immediately after planting, which was
° HARTFORD PROLIFIC GRAPE.
*
‘Tae Powéroctoa. Reteen—AV a jate meeting
of the Munford Horticattaral Society, Dr. Ruvsert
presiding, the fact was brought to the votice of the
Bociety that tre Report of the proceedings of the
Amoricas Pomological Society neglected to state
the action of the Society io regard to the Hartford
Prolific Grape. Several of the delegates of the So-
ciety to the ting of the AaericanRomologicat
BSociery revert nd gave their testimony, af
tor whieh the ‘ing resolution was noeoimous-
ly paseed:
< ved, That from the direct testimony of
de'egites of this Society to the Amaricun Povo-
logical Society, we entirely satisfied thut the
Hurviord Prohfie Gr Lboreughly discusse
apd puton the list of t no ming Well, bY th
Society at their meettug ia New York last fall”
The Hartford Society is correct. Dy reference
to oor report we find the following remarks in re-
gard to this grape:— Tbe Hartford Prolific was
proposed by Mr. Teary, of Connecticut. It was
ap accidental seedling, and originated about ten
yesrasgo. Valuable where the Iaubella does not
ripep. Itripens well in Maine. Mr. Prince con-
sidered it valuable on account of its early ripen-
ing. Mr. Saux said one-half of the berries would
drop off the bunches before the others were ripe.
Mr, Terny said the falliog of the berries wasa
fault at first, bot the character of the vine seemed
to bave changed in this respect with age. Mr.
Barry considered it of poor quality, though ralo-
able in cold climates. Mr. Jupp, of Flushing,
found it very productive in his garden, less foxy
than the Concord, and ripens one week enrlier,—
Mr. Hoaa, said it ripened in Lockport the first of
September. Considered it one of the most valu-
able grapes be had. Mr, Waxgen tasted it four
years since, and thought it quite inferior, Hud
not tasted it sioce until to-day. Thought it would
prove one of the best of grapes for New England.
Mr. Wivper had not ripened an /savella grape on.
bis groundsin thirty years. The Hartford Prolific
ripens well, is very hardy, and does not mildew.
Not first-rate in quality, but valuable for cold cli-
mates. Adopted as promising well.”
————+e+—_____
Fiona, Wreata.—We saw a few evenings since
‘a very simple and beautiful way of arranging and
preserviog flowers in a drawing-room It was in
a tin box, made in a circular shape, ay shown
in the cut annexed.
allowed to remain until the middle of May, and
was then levelled nnd the earth spaded as deep as
practicable without interrupting the roots, fur o
|| space six fest in diameter. In the fall of 1858 a
mulching of about two bushels of manure was
given to each tree, over which was placed earth
in pyramidal form to the depth of one foot, to
all was made Jerel, and epaded as before overan
area seven feet in diameter.
The trank of every tree, from the ground to the
branches, is covered with a bag made of cotton
cloth, sufficiently large io admit of three or four
Joars’ growth, the cloth being fastened to the lower
branches, and hanging to the ground. This the
proprietors believe protects the trunks from the
sun, and from sudden changes of temperature, and
in great measure prevents blight and other evils,
snob as the hardening of the bark, the contraction
of the pores, thus preventing the free flow of sap,
necessary exhalation, &c, Two cedar stakes are
driven by each tree, to which itis fastened, pre-
venting swaying by the wind, in any direction.
The rows run east and west for about three-
fourths of a mile, and are as true as it is possible
to plant trees. Mie western extremity is planted
4 belt of Norway spruce, across the entire orchard,
consisting of two rows ten feet apart, and the trees
in tho rows twenty feet apart, those in one row
being one oe space in the other, leay-
ing the t ten feet apart, Two similar belts
Sre planted through the orchard, at about equal dis-
tances, though the highest points of land are
sele for the purpose, and these it is thought
will afford all necessary protection from the wind,
na the ioe made to head low,
Now, for the result thus far. The trees are
: healthy and vigorous, and making a fine growth,
| many having already made shoots from three to
four fect in length. Although having had but one
Season's growth since planting previous to the
present, man; @ trees are bearing fruit, On
ove Seckel we counted 131 Specimens, and on the
artlett, Flemish Beauty, &o., fully as many as the
ees should be allowed to bear, On Temoving the
cloth from the trees we found the bark glossy,
. Smooth, and soft to the touch, yielding under the
Pressure of the finger. No blight has ever been
seen in the orchard, and this exemption the pro-
Priors think is mainly attributable to the protec-
tion afforded the trunks by the cloth,
The proprietors are entitled to great credit for
their enterprise, and we hope to see them amply
remunerated, as we have no doubt they will be
pee 'Y yeore. Mr. Marmison is an expe-
- rseryman, who knows how trees should
be grown and cultivated, and practi A
, ractices himself the
thorough course that he recommends to ethers,
of which this orchard ives —
Nearly every tree he ian thesis 24s
and bere we may say that My, M. claims an im.
proved method of cultivating pear
root-pruning during growth, there
larger number of fibrous r which, to
extent, prevents leaf blight aie aeaian
safety in the removal of trees, even when large,
This orchard, if well cared for, for a few years
longer, must yield a princely revenuo, We hope
ese ren! ill havemany imitators in West-
nd, indeed in all parts of the
can be grown with profit,
Raspaennres.—Mr. Doorrrre | j
informs us that he sold 7,500
a : a ee at
= $450. This was exclu-
; sedathome, A thousand quarts it
a frequent heavy rain.
men,
packed in moss, and
4 week or more,
them sent in sm,
days.
twas brought from Berlin, Prussi
pmven uked: r vee
and one inch and a half in width, and about fifteen
inches in diameter, although it can be made of any
size. The tin box is painted green, and is kept
nearly full of water. When the flowers are
arranged in it, it presents the appearance of a
beautiful wreath. A lamp, gas-burner or statuette
eon be placed in the centre of it.—Gardener’s
Monthly.
+e+- —
PEACHES, SUMMER APPLES, &c,
Messrs, Ens.:—I intend to plant a Peach Orchard
of ten or twenty acres, 1, What are the best
market varieties to cultivate on adry, sandy soil,
in aloculity where peach trees have suflered but
little during thelate severe winters, and bave borne
fair crops for the last ten years? It may be proper
to state that I shall haye to transport my peaches
about twenty-five miles by carriage to market, or
from fifiy to one hundred miles by rail to markets,
and therefore would require varieties that will bear
handling ond transportation well.
2, What is the best way to pack peach buds or
scions for transportation? What is the best way
to preserve them for budding ?— and how long can
they be kept fit for use? Where can I best obtain
buds of the varieties that I need?
8. I send you a specimen of a variety of early
apples that I met with accidentally. I wish to
learn its name and characteristics, The specimen
Isend you is a mere trifle over the ayerage size of
the present crop. The tree from which this speci-
men wes obtained is large, strong, and appears
vigorous — has a broad, spreading top and ip ap-
pearance somewhat resembles the Mhode Jy
Greening, but perhaps a little more upright.—
Think it bears every year, at least it has bornea
fair crop lust year and this. This variety is excel-
lent for cooking at this season of the year, and
even three weeks earlier, say from the first of July.
What is your opinion of it? I wish to cultivate a
few seres of apple orchard of the best variety to
sell in market, in July, for cnlinary purposes.—
What is the best variety for this purpose, as J am
not sufficiently posted to make a selection, and
when nurserymen disagree (as they often do,) I
know of no better authority to appeal to than the
Ronan. T often wish for your counsel, but do not
apply for it, fearing I may trespass too much on
your time and generosity, and the elaims of your
thousands of subscribers who might not feel in-
terested in my inquiries or remarks, therefore I
have remained silent. Youxo Ozonarpisr,
Remanks—1, The most popular market varie-
ties are Early York, Serrate, Early Crawford, Ber- | Hative de Bertin,
gen's Yellow, and Old Mixon Free. Late Craw-
ford is a magnificent late peach, but not very pro-
ductive, Large Barly York is excellent in quality
but not sufficiently productive to be popular with Tmperial Bouge,
rowers for market, Morris White is alate peach,
much prized for preserving, and sells high.
2. Scions can be obtained of apy of our nursery-
at about $1 a hundred sticks, each stick hav-
from six to eight good buds. They should be
would keep in good order for
though it would be well to have
all quantities every {wo or three
4
8 The Apple you send us is a large specimen of
where they | common wrapping twii
the Barly Harvest. id the Red Astrachan,
Wwe consider the best summer apples for market
Jot we doubt very much #bether early apples can
be grown profitably for mar! except near a few
of onr largest eities. They Bre much affected by
the Apple Worm, and drop from the trees,
s000 perieh after becoming ripe,
most be disposed of at once. Every farmer, and
indeed almost every ove with even a garden, planta
oe or more trees of early varieties, ond ou r-
kets are well snpplied with early fruit. The best
specimens are now selling at 60 cents a busbel in
ebester, and not a ready sale at that, as on ac
unt of ther perishable nature dealers buy spar-
ingly. Good winter apples will be worth as much,
no doubt moré, the trouble of marketing them is
far less, and the demand always good.
CULTURE OF RASPBERRIES,
Messrs. Eps. :—I see by st New- Yorke:
0 inquiry in regard to ie ote of raisin,
Raspberries and Blackberries by field culture. I
buve been engaged for the last few years in raising
bmall fruit for market, and I will cheerfully give to
the public through your paper my mapner of culti-
vation, For Ruspberries I raise the American
Black, the fed p
=
hich there are or seven varieties ip rs
dens, prodnces yellow flowers, so © belag
fragrant, and bluck, blue, red, yellow, or golden
fruit of no unplensant odor; but there ore none of
these berries as palatable as are those of the Ribes
Rubrum, 1 will now present s Catalogue of the
Baricties cultivated in gardens,
Maple Leaved, red,
Maple Leaved, biac
Misonri, black or ¥
8,
le de Fontenay,
Black Eogtisb,
Biack Naples, or Grape,
Broen Fouts,
Chompuzow - flesh col'd,
Coampigoy,
Corry, or Orrlsa, red,
Cherry, long bunched,
De Bar,
Rerato @ Anger
Me pi
Gloire ‘en
6
ey
gated Leaved Mincl
Variegave Leaved Waite,
Versauinise, red,
orig. red,
its Coa-selas,
hite Dateb or Clinton,
Whites Poort,
4,
are Fed)
Le Motive,
Large Red Bon
Luge Woite
Loveti's Seed)
Mugoum Bont f
Afier long
sion that the
olimat
they bear better by so doing. I
together, as [ find they sell bet!
ozen, I cut out a!)
es I take up andJay
pring, leaving not
hil, Those I take
or planting the
wo, lspping them
wa, having a
than three ah
to Iay/on the tops,
Hcientto keep them down until I have all the
Wws di ‘Then take a horse with a light plow
and pun two furrows between euch row, throwing
the furrows on to the canes that I bave Jain down;
jen the work is done for the fall, and te
7 lay down acreina@ay. After ihe ae
out of the Ec in the spring, (don't be in ao
hurry,) fake a potato hook and put under thecaves
about where they lap, pull up, gently shaking the
canes to detach the earth, After you bave lifted
all the canes, have some stakes sawed 11¢ inches
square, 43¢ fect long, well sbarpened,—stick one
stake midway between two bills, lengthwise of the
rows; take the canes of the bills in each band,
bend them over, lap the ends on the stakes, form-
ingabow. Haveaboy ready with a piece of twine,
(such 48 is used for banging op tobacco is the best,
cing’ strong enough,)
tietbe tops a tothe
stake. After that yon cai takeyour horse and cul-
tivator and pass between the rows, which I do
until T commence picking. The Black Raspberries
I set in rows six feet apart, ond three in the row,
cultivate the same with the exception of laying
them down; yet it would bave paid me well to have
done so, for the two cold days last winter almost
ruined my crop. L. Weuts.
Cedar Lawn, (Ohittenango,) N, ¥., July, 1859,
tbefore the ground jj
canes, the young ©
id
THE FAMILY OF CURRANTS,
Tae edible Currants cultivated in Europe and
America comprise four species and more than fitty
varieties, The species are
Rises Rupeom,
Ripes Nicrum,
Rises Fronipum,
Rises Missourrensis, or Aureus,
About thirty-five years ago, Tromag A, Kyicut,
President of the Horticultural Society of London,
grew several seedling varieties of the Jibes Mu-
brum, which were ornounced in the Catalogue of
that Society as— Knight's Early Red, Knight's
Swocet Red, Knight's Largs Red.
These are the only newo varieties, and with ten
other varieties of Rides Rubrum, and six varietica
of 2. Nigrum and one of 2. Petraum, now no
longer cultivated, comprise the entire number
enumerated in the third edition of their Catalogue,
published in 1842, more than twenty years after
the establishment of that Society, aided by an im-
mense capital to adyance its objects.
The three varieties presented little if any ad-
vancement, they being all very similar to the old
Ted Dutch, and this lack of progress arose from
the circumstance that Mr. Kwianr and the Society
had remained quite ignorant of the existence in
France of very superior varieties, which he should
have availed himself of when commencing his
operations. Even up to the present period, being
} European.
American,
Adso, Flowering Currants of variou:
Flushing, July, 1859,
AN EDITOR'S FARM.
A corresponprnr of the Yutes County Chronicle
who has been ruralizing in Cayuga County, thus
writes of the farm of our good friend, J. J. Tuomas:
“ During our ramblings we passed by the farm
of Jouy J. Tuomas, of Union Springs, Assoctute
Editor of the Country Gentleman, the sight of
Which quite knocked out of us what little good
opinion we had left with regard to theoretical farm-
ing. Instead of the bigh state of cultivation, the
neat and orderly appearance, the signs of thrift
and industry, the ordipary display of :mprovement
which usually marks the surroundings of the pro-
gressive farmer's ubitatioo, and which we would
expect would be made manifest in this case,
* * * We ene the wild by
‘The thorn and the thisile grew ler and bigher,
than in adjoining tields, Perhaps, however, this
Was merely a! Hicul Wusion or so erroneous im-
pres-ion proceeding from a Jack of agricultural
koowledpe, which might go to prove that we could
bot tell aiBbock oF wheat from a whordeberry
bush; but, as Sam Slick would say, it there were
pot weeds they bad a ‘consarm
pearance. One thing, how
upod Our tind, and tbat wa:
eluborately-drawn up, scientifieally-p
pers, written to aid ihe farmer in the cul
re ang
agricultursl prints of the duy, do not wways pro-
ceed froin the peos of those persons who have the
best practical success.””
Well, what of it. Hasn'taneditor as much right
to be a bad furmer as anybody else; and to grow
weeds that scatrer their seeds over the adjnining
fields? Indeed, he nota be'ter excuse to give
for such Rs most meo? while hesits at
his table and fights the weeds with pen and paper,
isitatall strange that they should take revenge
by Tareas hie ee "too
when ap editon would bein # better frame of mind
to write on article on the advantages of clean eule
ture and the folly of growing weeds than when bis
own soil was impoverished, bis soul herrowed, and
bis temper spoiled by these persevering nuisances,
But, we yoluoteer no defence of friend Tuomas, a6
we have no doubt he will show the thing all right;
perhaps he is merely giving a practical exemplifi-
ention of the evils of bad culture,
e+
SKEWERS FOR VINES.
Farexp Moore:—Perhaps thousands of the read-
ers of the Rurat may have hit upon the same
plan, but I dare say there are mony thousands
more who bave been bothered as I have been with
vines blowing about with the wind, rolling over,
and sometimes even twisted off and ruived, al! on
account of the special care to keep them clear of
weeds— the only place I now think of where foul
grass is any advantage to cultivated vegetables.
Nature has provided an abundance of tendrils to
tie the vines to the ground,—these will cling to
anything that comes in their way. As an addi-
tional security for keeping vines firmly to the
ground, they take root at almost every jointif the
vine remains in one position long enough to make
fast. The vine first secures its position by clasp-
ing its tendrils around spears of grass or weeds, (if
allowed to grow,).and then makes a more perma-
nent fastening by roots, which also tend materially
to feed the growing fruit.
After a constant warfare with the black bugs for
about six weeks, in which timewe bave slain many
thousands, and a total eradication of weeds and
grass, I found my vines were nearly all pointing to
the east, not only the main vine, but the laterals
were taking the same direction. My plants being
single and 10 fect apart each way, and the ground
otherwise entirely barren, I saw the necessity of
27 yeurs additional, but one new variety has been
produced in England—the Victoria—and this on
accidental seedling.
In France the results have been very different,
The French people surpass all other Europe;
nations in the seminal production of new and es\
mable varieties of Fruits, and are only equalled in
the production of new and rare flowers by the
Chinese and Japnnese. They have originated the
following estimable currants :
Chassclas, Fertile de Palluau,
Red Gondoin, Blanche Perlee,
Whito Gondoin, Blanche Transparente,
Corise, or Cherry, Waite Provence,
Red Provence,
And more recently,
Attrocar, Gloric des Sablons,
Versaiilaise, Bolle de Fontenay,
La Caucase,
Belle de ae Gilles,
Genie lon gues Grappi
perlal Janne, tiled! Angera, 2]
Tn our own country we have originated
Lovets Seedling, Princes Albincss,
Princes Coral, large red,
d several fine seedlings not yet named ordis-
seminated.
The varieties of the Zeides Wigrum, or European
Black Currant, haye a peculiar musky odor, un-
pleasant to most perso! ut which is lost when
made intojelly or conserves. The 2ibes floridum,
or American Black Currant, Possesses also a disa-
. .
some of Nature's appointments, viz.— weeds and
rass—or something a8 a substitute to keep the
es in place. You know it is said that “neces-
ip the mother of invention.” The grass and
ls could not be restored in time to be of ser-
vice, but the vines could be fastened just exactly
where I wanted them to lie and grow, by a very
simple contrivance, a booked peg made from brush,
The idea conceived, I was not Jong in cari
just completed the st
rid)
wa xity an
ndt now 00 late
the fraternity a8
Simple as thi:
years ago it would hu
many valuable plants.
to be of good service
ic aes st ‘es
i vines of which I am so
Honolulu NectarineSquash.” A yas plans
ing was cut off by th erat frost i the : ot
June, but fearing some mishap, I bad wok plant
all my Reeds at one time. The next day after the
frost I filled the sawe ground with plants from
hot bed—and af they ure not too late to mature,
think I sball be able to prevent oo with a fine
specimen next fall. . W. Burcos.
Macedon, N. Yu July, 1859,
ba very ripe.
Evperceary Wixe.—Two quarts of juice; 2
quarts of water; 4 pounds ef suger. Prepare the
same a3 the currants.
Poland, N. Y., July, 1859,
COOKING MUTTON, VEAL, FISH, &0,
Eps. Ruran:—Haviog seen several requests
the best method of cooking meat, I bave waited
patiently, hoping the lady readers of the Rurau |
would comply and give recipes for cogking meat, J ]
ae ant &c. We baye plenty of recipes for cake, cookies,
‘iorecatd | &c., but we wish for something more aubetasia
id in order that I may hear from others, i.
Messrs. Eps. *Notigin, ?
issue of the ieee od recipe for jumbles, I
end one, together wil ae 5 q
are really excellent.
JuseLes.—Two cups of
lcup of sweet milk; 3 egga;
2of cream of tartal
I. ld the bi
yolks of the eggs sagan thee
add the milk, soda, a1 of tal
the wien ieces well beaten,— auton,
and drop
em into pans, sprinkle with sugar
before baking. "
Moonrarw Cane.—One pound of sugar; bal
of butter; 1 pound of flour; 1 teasp
cup of sour milk; 6 eggs; the white
| beat separate,
Rosx.—One cup of sugar; half cup of butter;
egg; half cup it
Sponge over ae tix the same as biscuit,
Ines Cage
sugar; nearly 1}¢ cups of flour; 8 eggs; 1 te
Spoon of soda, Flayor with lemon.
neant Wine —One quart of juice; 2 quarts
ama 8 pounds of sugar, Put in a jar in a
lace and skim it every day until it is suffi-
ciently fermented, then put into a cask, and cork it
tightly until ready for use. The currants should
inquiry in a late
ich I think
sugar aud
8 froth, then
and,
of soda;
ind yolks
Flavor with lemon or yanill;
5 13g tumbler of aweet milk.
One cup of sour cream; 1 cup of
Ronan aa
| for
Improvement of the soil, which one seba in thel
) for cooking mutton and yeal, which
Jatable.
‘e-quarter of veal or mutton, cut off
the
season,
Cooxino Sarr Fise.— Dre:
then soak in a pan of sour
twenty-four hours, after whit
water ai aérippingy
el brome pint of aweetcream, and
.
pearly done
bake until n
Alden, N. Y., July, 1859.
Eps. Rvurat:—As your lady subscribers are all
farnishing you with something useful in the line of —
“Domestic Economy,’ I must endeavor tody my
part of the labor:
Sopa Pounp Caxe.—Four eggs; 1 cup sugar;
1 cup butter; half teaspoonful soda; 1 teaspoonful
cream tartar; 1 pint flour —flayor with nutmeg,
Lenox Cake.—Four eggs; 8 cups sugar; 1 cup
butter; 1 cup sour milk; 1 teaspoonful saleratus;
4 cups flour,
Coox1es.—One and one-half cups sugar; half cup
butter; 2 eggs; halfcup sour milk; halfcup sweet
milk ; 1 teaspoonful saleratus. -
JuupLes.—T wo-thirda cup buttengaleeam sugar;
8 tablespoons sour cream; 2 eggs; 1 teaspoonfal
saleratus.
GrxcenSwars.—T wo cups molasses; 1
ening; half cup water; 2 teaspoonfuls sal
1 tablespoonful ginger.
Cunadice, Ont, Co,, N. ¥,, June, 1859.
Pre-Puant arp Goosesss Pa.
conduct is
quiring thro’
As this is her first summer's experience in house-
keeping, I hope all who have good recipes will
send them, so if I, or any of my bachelor friends,
should chance to call to tea, all the eatables would
be made by rule. For
with the skin on, add the ait
one Jarge cup sugar; one tablespoon water, then
anal ary flour over and ibis ready for thé™up-
per crust. Gooseberry pie the same with one —
lemon. This makes a rich and excellent pie—
Donoruy, Last Palmyra, Wayne Co., ™. ¥. :
Crackens—How To MAKE Srancu.—Noticing an
inquiry for a recipe for crackers in a late number, ;
here is one I took from the Rurax about a year
Tlike it much, One pint thin, sweet cream; i
one-fourth teaspoon salt; flour enough to make ia
ago.
oven.
‘peek and leg and boil in water, with a little
gall untildone, Remove thegpent from the bones
and chop with bread, adding butter, pep
e
the taste may dictate. Make an rc
the upper side of the meat guflicient to admit the
same, and sprinkle the whole
CAKES, COOKIES, &,
stiff dough; roll thin, cut, prick, bake in "RAGE
i
’ 4
I would like to ask some of the lady readers of
wb ipso: with
nat
browned. nM,
cs
Sa
RISSEY’S
thy of our lady readers notice, in-
th the Rurat for advice in cookery.
ant pieslicethe stalks
inside of two lemons;
———— $$ 7
7
‘ous, are | tried one last +
your paper if they would tell the best ay to
nice starch for fine shirts, collars, &e, Also, how
to prepare gooseberries for jelly—if they should be
ripe or not.—R., Warren Co,, Ohio, 1859.
Paeservino Green Conx—Carp’s Han Jeuiy.—
Will some of the Rorax readers give a recipe that
can be depended on for preserving green corn? I
int found it all moonshine.
's head jelly.”—M. K., IFit-
One pound of four; three-
ound sugar; half a pound of butter; five
fa little rose water or essence of lemon,—
make | {
wil
spring!
f aa hope of immortality —how ec
F
7
~—
, Py
a
)
8 door lightly,
Bridle
Oar little earth angel
Is talking with death.
Gently be wooes her,
Sho wishos to stay,
His arms are about her—
Ho bears her away.
Masic comes floati
° Down from
Angels are chanting ro
Tho sweet welcome TDs
Come, stricken weeper!
‘Come to the bed,
Gaze on the sleeper—
a peed! Idol is dead!
jooth out the ringlets
‘Close the blue eye—
No wonder such beauty
‘Was claimed in the sky;
Gross the hands gently
Over the white breast,
So like a wild spirit
Btrayed from the blest;
Bear her out softly,
This Idol of ours,
‘Let bor graye slambers “
Be ‘mid the sweet flowors.
Written for Moore's Raral New-Yorker,
Plain Talks to American Women.--No. 16.
BY MRS. M. P, A. CROZIER.
Breve Teacuixo.—We have occasionally alluded
to this in former ‘ Talks"—in the present we wish
to consider it more at large.
Eyery mother whose heart is warm with the
of Gop, and who rightly appreciates His
Yord, will naturally desire that her children’s
souls be also imbued with Diyine grace, and that
they also should reverence the Sacred Volume.
©, the depth, the tenderness, of a Christian
mother’s prayers for the conversion of her off-
How can she who possesses a bright and
bear
the thought that those so near to her
be lost—lost forever? And if one
no evidence of preparation for eternit;
ted by disease that brings him near the gal
the tomb, what agony is hers lest the spark of life
should be quenched—his lamp go out in obscure
darkness! How does her heart upbraid her fhen
if she has been Bate ul to his soul! How can
she say “itis well,” when the drops of life are
trembling in the vase that totters on the brink of
ruin? She fears to speak then, perchance, of the
a Subject that most agonizes her, lest it prove too
ick, and she fears to delay,-Jest the
_ of on pass, Gop pity—Gon help
insuch an Mothers, then, w! darlings
are in hi i faithful now/ Teach your little
ones the! spel while their hearts are tender and
their intellects regally wear the crown of reason.
Commit the treasures of the Sacred Scriptures to
the keeping of their hearts, so that if, perchance,
the sun of the mind burn dimly in that eventide,
as in the “eventide” of the ‘‘age to come,” ‘it
shall be light.”
We know not whose was first the beautiful
thought to gather the family circle around the
fireside at morning and at eve, to listen to the
words of the Most High, and kneel for His bless-
ing, but what has shed a holier radiance upon the
hearth-stone of home, than the fires kindled from
Heaven upon a Christian altar there? How
delightful the hour of sacred worship! How
pleasant to hear a whole family,—from the aged
grandfather who bends over the old large-print
Bible, to the little one who can scarcely lisp the
words of life,—read from the Precious Volume!—
how beautiful to see them bend, all in silent wait-
ing upon the Lord, save one, till the first words of
the “Our Father which art in Heayen” break
from the lips of him who leads, when all softly
f join in the holy prayer of Jzsvs, and as the echo
of the *‘ Amen” dies away, rise from their knees a
God-blessed household! It would almost seem
that spirits Would grow into Christianity under
such an influence, as naturally as spring flowers
grow into beauty under the genial skies of May!
Exercises of this character should not be very
Jengthy. Children, when very weary, will hardly
be interested. Short Bible readings, accompanied
jiliar explanations and practical remarks,
and short, simple, expressive prayers, are best.
If too much is read, but little is retained in mem-
nd th ion produced is less deep
“are slowly pronounced,
ippreciated.
i
easant way of imbuing the mind
with Scripture precepts, is to have each member
of the family select and | ‘it to memory for
each morning, a text ited and remarked
upon at the breakfast and the texts thus
Selected may be mottoes for the day, How many
lessons of wisdom would thus be treasured up,
and how great might be their practical bearing!
E nee, Suppose the mother had selected for
her morning text the following :—“Is your pa-
ince Possess ye your souls!” How careful would
2 the day, that, amid all her trials,
jose the father bh
spirit
good from the
‘the authority of the Bible, will he be
the day, when he has the money in
away without payment
st debt? And will not
cheerful obedience of the
ae ercts
obey your
2 F
ove your enemies ;” a third,
and a fourth—“Thou shalt love the]
. MOORE '§
thy God with all thy heart,” &c. Suppose that
these passages have been familiarly explained and
illustrated, who shall say rabies they may
not have during the day in guarding their young
hearts from sin? The course of which we have
spoken may be pursued, or some one subject may
be selected; and each member of the family learn
some text bearing upon that subject, thus bring
ing together, perhaps, the concurrent testimog
of several Bible witnesses, and presenting itin
clearerlight than any single one would be likely
to do; and through the day all the different mem-
bers of the family m' e striving to exhibit in
theirlives the same gospel principle—might watch
over and correct eaoh other if they saw any devia-
tion therefrom.
These are some 0
lessons may be eng
watchful mother,
thereby, will often ff
tration of family
upon the consciences of her children the authority
of the Word of Gov. There is something there
adapted to every circumstance ruman life. No
course of human action so complicated that the
Bible does not furnish a clue to its untanglement!
None so deep and hidden, that the Bible does not
ferret out the motive that pro) it. It ‘is
quick and powerful, sharper thai iy two-edged
sword, piercing even to the dividing asunder of
‘soul and spirit, of the joints and marrow, and is a
discerner of the thoughts and inteniagy the heart.""
How appropriate, then, that the mother often
apply this probe, not only to her own spirit, but
to those of her offspring, that she may discover
and Jay open any festering wrong that may have
hidden itself beneath the garb of formality or
outward piety, but is still there, poisoning the
soundness of the soul, and endangering its exist-
ence. Selfishness, the monster evil of the age,
may be lying in the inmost recesses of the heart,
drinking at its life-fountains, and yet so silent be
its workings that the outer world shall not sus-
pect its presence, and the heart itself, “deceitful
above all things,” only fancy the presence of some
agent adapted to produce sensations of pleasure,
which, in its i nce of true bliss, it falsely
denominates arn
One child, perhaps, is fond of engaging in acts
of benevolence, and trips away lightly through
the storm, all comfortably clad as she is, to carry
some blessing to the poor, but all the while her
little heart is puffed up with self-righteousness,
and as she goes she flatters herself that she is
very good, and wonders who among her friends
are observing her, and praising her charity, Let
the mother be watchful to discern a case like this,
and apply for a remedy texts like the following :—
“Take heed that ye do not your alms before men,
to be seen of them; otherwise ye have no reward
of your Father which is in Heaven.”
Too large a share of the responsibility of re-
ligious education should not be thrown upon the
Church and the Sunday-school, These ore im-
portant auxiliaries to home instruction, but ought
not, indeed cannot, supersede it. If a child's
attention is directed to religion and the Bible only
upon the first day of the week, it will be no mar-
vel if he come to consider Christianity only a
Sanday concern, and that if he only observes that
day with propriety, and attends to its assigned
duties, it will not matter greatly if he is not very
watchful of his conduct during the remainder of
the week. Perhaps this is one reason why we
have so many “Sunday Christians’—men and
women who go to Church regularly, and attend
to the sacraments, wear a solemn countenance
during what they consider holy time, but whose
every-day lives are no attestation of the purity of
gospel principles, We should realize more than
we do, that a// time is holy, and should be conse-
crated to Gon—that he has given us no license to
sin on any day, but requires that ‘whatsoever we
do, whether we eat or drink,” be done to His
glory. Feeling deeply this truth, we shall not
reserve all the work of religious instruction to
one day in the seven, but each day shall bear its
own burden, and teach its own lessons of truth
and duty.
We can but refer to an institution to which our
own heart owed, perbaps, many of its early re-
ligious impressions, and which we consider may be
greatly promotive of the interests of which we
speak, viz., the ‘Maternal Association.” It is
long since we accepted it as our duty to become
disconnected in a manner from the religious
society under whose fostering care flourished the
only organization of this kind with which we were
ever associated, yet we still look back with interest
to the Society which monthly met for the consider-
ation of maternal duties, and social prayer for the
children under its watch-care, and quarterly gath-
ered a large proportion of those children for
religious instruction. We could desire that every
circle of Christian mothers might adopt some such
plan of concerted effort for the more full under-
standing of their responsibilities and duties, as
such, and for the influencing of the minds of their
children towards her whose “ ways are pleasant-
ness,” and whose ‘paths are peace,”
Tn a time when skepticism is as prevalent as it
now is, it may seem a little old-fashioned to insist
8o strongly as*we do upon the religious instruc-
tion — Bible instruction —of children; but Gop
forbid that we should ever love less the Old Book
that has strengthened so many for the stern con-
flicts of life—that has hung over the dark “valley
of the shadow of death” a bow | i i
with the radiance of immo: ul
we should ever lave
p which Scripture
yh
like paintings and statuary, refines, and elevates,
and sanctifies. § the irate gladness,
u devotion, But coming
lly beneficial; it rouses
bodily energies, and dif-
round. Does a lazy man
ik-and-water character ever
Never. Song is the outle'
ti nd increases both
exercise. No eld completed a re-
ae education, who has not been taught to sing
ql gs of Zion, No part of our raigiops wor-
ship is sweeter than this, In David's day it was
ctice and a study.
Written for Rural New-Yorker,
AUGUST.
ar gpeee Avon:
Ricu-nvzp and green the trees—
The wild vine bangs its fowers
Ont on the bill's rock towers,
And in the faint-lipped breeze,
The poplar’s tender leaves
‘Tremble and rouse to life!
And from the dell-copso’ shade,
The cuckoo’s song sd
Floats beauty rife.
Pearl tints the morning skies—
Crimson dyes all the clouds
Like mighty christening anypds,
They spread their draperies ;
ir the fragrant leaves
ae sunshine weaves its veil
gold and amber light,
And threads of glisteulng white
And shadows pile.
August! wean are low,
The past cry for rain;
‘The catile plod tho plain
Seeking the clover blow ;
And wi the streamlets flow
O’er the rocks cool and gray,
The little snow-white lambs
their nimble.
at set of day.
home among my branches, prevailed, I should have
nombered y moresbadows, Or, had the wood-
ghuck that was once seem at my roots weeping, re-
peared in his sorrowful mood, my destroyer
might have been moved with pity. But my death
was not without consolation, for it carried with it
a humiliating revenge, A post-mortem examina-
tion, commenced in a saw-mill and continued in a
cabinet shop, revealed the fact of my utility after
death, Willit be thus wie the rich tree-hater,
my destroyer? Let him think | is another
winter, as he warms himself before my blazing
BENJAMIN FRANELIN'’S
limbs.”
—— “
.
ut few have it in their power to do so much
good or eyil as printers. We know they all glory
in Dr. Franklin as a father, and are wont to men-
tion his name with veneration. Happy wouldit be
for them if they would read the following, with a
resolution to imitate it:
“Soon after his establishment in Philadelphia,
Franklin was offered a piece to publish in his news-
paper; being very busy, he begged the gentleman
to leaye it for consideration. The next day the au-
thor called, and asked his opinion of it, Franklin
replied :
“Why, sir, I am sorry to say I think ithighly
scurrilous anddefamatory. Being ata loss, on ac-
count of my poverty, whether to reject it or not, I
thought I would put it to this issue:—At night,
when my work was done, I bought a two penny
loaf, on which, with a mug of cold water, I supped
heartily, and then wrapping myself in my great
coat, slept very soundly on the floor till morning,
when another loaf and a mug of water afforded me
a breakfast, Now, sir, since I can live comfortably
in this manner, why should I prostitute my press
to personal hatred and party passion, for a more
luxurious living ?’””
One cannot read this anecdote of our American
Sage without thinking of Socrates’ reply to King
_ | Archelaus, who had pressed him to give up preach-
Written for Moore’a Rural 1 er.
THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF A MAPLE TREE.
wz subjoined was found upon the trunk of a
huge maple, soon after it fell. Doubtless its’
authorship could be traced to the departed spirit
ofthe tree. I believe Isaiah, chat 55, and final
clause of verse 12, suggests the mechanical ability
of a tree towrite. Waiving all desire to pursue
the conjecture further, I submit the subject of the
same to the reader. R., Jr.
“Two hundred years ago—if the fibrous circles
composing me indicate my age—I was a tender
twig in this vicinity. Born amid forest flowers,
my insignificance at firstwas without humiliation;
but when deprived of their companionship, and
witnessing the giant forms of my kin about me, I
became envious, A wise maple warned me against
cultivating this habit, and dropped a leaf bearing
the instructive hint, ‘as the twig is bent the tree
is inclined.’ A sad experience had given him
wisdom and sympatby, for I learned in after years
that his gnarled and crooked form was the result
of early misdoings. As long as he lived he exer-
cised a beneficial influence over me, and died ex-
pressing his satisfaction at my comely appearance,
which he very justly attributed to wholesome re-
straint impartedin youth. Twas honored in being
permitted to exemplify, even to the last of a
numerous family reared by Mother Warth here-
abouts, the benefits derived from judicious training.
“When a sapling, shut in by the boughs of my
ancestors, the occurrences above and around me
were a succession of mysteries. The thick gloom
with its myriad twinkling specks, and the dazzling
brightness following it; both often preceded by a
tinge of beauty resting on everything above, sent
a thrill of delight, not unmingled with timidity,
through every fibre of my system. The withering
blight descending in the darkness upon the foliage,
depriving it of the hue of life though rendered
beautiful in death, and reducing to skeletons the
tenderest twig and hardiest tree alike, was a sad
mystery. So was the renewal of our foliage its
pleasing contrast, But how strangely terrible was
that mysterious quiet leading swift destruction
into our midst. Whole forests twisting and writh-
ing raged in angry commotion. Branches of a
century's growth were tossed as leaves. The de-
fiant oak and graceful elm fell with a terrific crash,
fearfully sighing as they descended, while the
fiery, zig-zag stream from above intensified the
prevailing terror. Atsuch times mylittleness was
safety, though I observed that many of my superi-
ors, grown up in apparent discretion, yielded with
bowed form and survived this power.
“Mature tree-hood acquainted me with the
origin of these mysteries, and the night with its
stars, the day with its morning and evening
glories, the tempests and lighthings, were often
| repeated in all their grandeur. Then were my
branches mingled with the loftiest of my species,
sharing with them the crystal drops of the sum-
mer’s night, that glistening died in the morning’s
Tays, accompanying the earliest notes of the
feathered songsters with the music of our leaves,
and marking the many changes effected and threat-
ened by the different enemies of ourrace. But I
witnessed the death of all my companions. Many
of them perished in this now naked meadow, but
yesterday within the circuit of my shadows. Here
fell one whose lungs were devoured by insects,
inducing premature decay, There fell another—his
heart laid bare by the lightnjng’s stroke. Yonder,
Where my evening shadows faded away, died the
patriarch of the forest, of old age. Just beneath
me fell an aged relative in conflict with a tempest.
But the greater proportion perished by that great-
est enemy ofourrace, the axe, I was 80 destroyed,
Old age was a feeble plea, and availed me nothing.
Genero: forI had shed many drops of blood
that were transformed by the aid of fire into lumps
of delicious sweetness—was forgotten, and my,
graceful appearance, that had spared me in earlier
days, now appealed in yain, Had the united pro-
test of the feathered family, that found a welcome
ing in the dirty streets of Athens, and come and
live with him in his splendid Court ;
“Meal, please your Majesty, is a half-penny a
| peck at Athens, and water I can get for nothing.” —
| Printers’ News Letter.
ie
DEARER, YET DEARER, ART THOU, LOVE, TO ME.
Dean Lavra! when you were a flirting young miss,
And I was your dutiful swain,
Your smiles could exalt to the summit of bliss,
Your frowns would o’erwhelm me with pain;
You were dear to me then, love; but now you’ro my
wife,
It is strange the fond tle should be nearer,
For when I am paying your billa, on my life,
You seem to get dearer and dearer !
SALMAGUNDI.
A ORUEL INSINUATION.
Wren man fell from his high estate
As Eve in sin the apple ate,
Quoth Adam, “ Woman's curse {s great;
‘Tis written in the book of fate,
Por eyermore IN-sIN-u-ATE”
Lanon.—It is only by labor that thought car be
made healthy only, by thought that labor can be
made happy, and the two cannot be separated with
impunity.
A rruxy grateful heart may not be able to tell
its gratitude, but it can feel, and love, and act,
Aw envious man repines as much at the manner
in which his neighbors live as if he maintained
them,
A wroncep creditor, a neglected wife, a slan-
dered neighbor, and a guilty conscience, are four
things whose presence gives great pain.
Lire may be merry as well as useful. Every
person that owns a mouth has always a good
opening for a laugh. .
Woxew and young men are very apt to tell what
secrets they know, from the vanity of having been
trusted.
Porireness is like an air-cushion—there may be
nothing solid in it, but it eases jolts wonderfully.
Tne taste of beauty, and the relish of what is
decent, just, and amiable, perfects the character
of a gentleman.
By the use of eye-glasses, you may see as much
as is to be seen; by the use of another kind of
glasses, you may see twice as much.
Ferociry is sometimes assvmed as well as a gen-
tleness, There are as many sheep in wolves’
clothing as there are wolves in sheep's.
“Wir don't you ask your sweetheart to marry
you? “I have asked her.” What did she say?”
“ Ohy V’ye the r¢fusad of her.”
A maw has no more right to say an unciyil thing
than to act one; no more right to saya rude thing
to another than to knock him down.
A pretty girl and a wild horse are liable to do
much mischief; for the one runs away with a
fellow's body, and the other runs away with his
heart.
Vice and folly may feel the edge of wit, but
virtue is invulnerable; aquafortis dissolves the
baser metals, but has no power to dissolve or cor-
rode gold.
Paivosoruers say that shutting the eyes makes
the sense of hearing more acute. Perhaps this
accounts for the habit some people have of always
closing their eyes during sermon-time.
Tr is a beautiful custom in some Oriental lands
to leaveuntouched the fruits that are shaken from
the trees by the wind; these being regarded as
sacred to the poor and the stranger.
Ecoxomy is the parent of integrity, of liberty,
and of ense, and the sister of temperance, of cheer-
fulness and health; and profuseness is 4 cruel
and crafty demon that generally involves her fol-
lowers in dependence and debts—that is, fetters
them with “irons into their souls.”
“How do you feel with such @ shocking coat
on?” said a young dandy to old Roger, “TI feel,”
said old Roger, looking at him steadily with one
eye half closed, as if taking aim at his yictim—
“J feel, young man, as if I had a coat on which I
had paid for—a luxury of feeling which I think
you haye never experienced.”
M
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
A HYMN FOR A TROUBLED FS
0, Tsou who comfortest tho aad, °
And bids the broken-hearted live,
Send down that sweet relief to mo
Which is in thine own power to give
<
I grope in darkness and despair,
My heart {s troubled afraid;
And often unbelief shuts out
‘The grace by which Eshould be staged.
Dear Savior! Ido not desire
These clouds removed against
Th;
But only Faith to sce through a
And seelng through to see Theo alll.
cs
—+e2
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
FORGIVE THE LIVING,
We forgive those who have wronged us in tholt,
word, or deed, when they are laid to their final
rest —we speak kindly, tenderly, even ovingly,—
if we speak at all, removing the veil which has
hitherto obscured so much of their life's harmony
and sweetness, at the same time drawing it over
those faults exttatoibles, temptations and fuilures,
which are strewn so thickly in our own pathway,
written delibly in our heart's history. We
never seek to penetrate this veil, sven Y
And why? They haye passed from earth forever
Their bodies are mouldering in the co
tomb, This is sufficient. It seems |
entertainment, much more expression, of aught
but good will and kindly sympathy for the dead.
Batis this real, true-hearted, benevolent forgive-
ness? No! itis notyyorthy ofthe name. Forgive
the diving —those who mingle with you in the
daily walks and ayocations of life; they whose
lives you may cheer, beautify, yea, ennoblo ingyen.
will. Forgive a light, an angry word, let it not
rankle in thy bosom till a fire be kindled, which, if
nourished, will burn thine inmost soul — unfitting
thee to go out among thy fellow-men lest they im-
bibe of the unrest and angry turbulence of thy
spirit—unfitting thee for a// high, holy, heayen-
born aspirations—unfitting thee for life, death,
and a blessed immortality. Forgive, though a
wound be made causing all thy future in his world
to be covered with a heavy pall. Forgive! taking
for thy example the meek and lowly Jesus, then
shall be gathered in the ‘crown of thy rejoicing”
jewels whose lustre and brilliancy exceeds all mor-
tal thought, “For if ye forgive men their tress-
passes, your Heavenly Father will also forgive
you.” Appie E. Waker.
Ypsilanti, Mich., 1859,
+o+
Aw Exoquent Extract.—“ Generation after gen-
eration,” says a fine writer, “have felt as we now
feel, and their lives were as active as our own.
They passed like a vapor, while nature wore the
same dspect of beauty as when her Creator com-
manded herto be, The heavens shall be as bright
over our graves as they now are around our paths.
The world will have the same attractions ‘ our
offspring yet unborn, that she had once for our
children, Yet a little while, and all will have
happened. The throbbing heart will be stifled
and we shall be at rest, Our funeral will wind its
way, and prayers will be said, and then we shall
be left alone in silence and darkness for the worms.
And it may be but a short time we shall be spoken
of, for the things of life will creep in, and our
names will soon be forgotten. Days will continue
to move on, and laughter and song will be heard
in the room in which we died; and the eye that
mourned for us will be dried, and glisten again
with joy; and even our children will cease to think
of us, and will not remember to lisp our names,”
—
Tue Pantsn Mivister.—The author of Adam
Bede, in sketching the rector of a parish says, he
was not much of a preacher. He preached short
moral sermons. But then he acte ity much
up to what he said. He didn’t set up for being so
different from other folks one day, and then be as
like’em as two peas the rest; and he made folks
love and respect him. Mrs. Poyser used to say,
he was like o good meal o’ victuals, your were
better for him without thinking on it.
———
“Att Your Neen.’—Why was the “Bread of
life” hungry, but that he might feed the hungry
with the bread of life? Why was “Rest” itself
weary, but to give the weary rest? Why was the
“Prince of peace” in trouble, but that the troubled
might have peace? None but the Image of God
could restore us to God’s image. None but the
Prince of Peace could bring the God of Peace and
the peace of God to poor sinners.— Old Auéior.
Lire's Dorres.—It must doubtless be the design
of our Heavenly Fother, that all this toil for the
supply of our physical ities—this incessant
occupatiqn amid the cates that perish —shall be
no obstruction, but rather a help, to our spiritual
life. The weight ofa clock seems a heavy drag on
the delicate movements of its machinery; but, 80
far from arresting or impeding those movements,
it is indispensable to their steadiness, balance and
accuracy.
fa
Auxsoryixa Not Caanity.—It is diflicult to be
wisely charitable—to do good without multiplying
the sources of the evil. We know that to give
alms is nothing, unless we give thought also; and
that, therefore, it is written, not “Blessed ishe
that feedeth the poor,” but «Blessed is he that con-
i i the poor;” and we know that o little
thought and a little kindness are worth more than
.
4 great deal of money- o
a
Tuy mistake of idolatry is that it fook the
grosser part of humanity to represent God—that
part which was common to themselves and animals.
-
CoxcenrsinG plans of teach gz, nobody has an;
right to impose his plan of teaching on his neigh-
bor, There is no method that may call itself the
method of education. There is only one set of
right principles, but there may be ten thousand
plans. Every teacher must work for himself, as
every man of the world works for himself. There
is, for all men i jiety, only one set of right
principles, ye' shall see a thousand men in
one town all obeying them, although all, in con-
d jolutely differ from one another. They
ant among themselves the widest contrast,
and yet every one may be prospering, and making
friends. In the sc! ss in the world, a man
must be himself if he would have more than a)
Splrious success; he must be modeled upon no-
body. The school-master should read books of
education, and be may stndy hard to reason out
for himself by their sid, if be can, what are right
Principles to go upon, A principle that he ap-
proves, he must adopt: but, another man’s plan
that he approves, he must assimilate to the nature
of his own mind and of his own school before he
can adopt it. Even his school he must so manage
that it sball admit of great variety of plan within
itself, and suffer him so to work in it as to appeal
in the most effective way to the mind of each one
of his scliolars,
No man can be a good teacher who is a cut-and-
dried maf without any particular character. His
individuality must be strongly marked. He should
be, of course, a man of unimpeachable integrity,
detesting what is base or mean, and, beyond every-
thing, hatingalie. He should have pleasure in his
work, be fond of children, and not think of look-
ing down upon them, but put faith—and that is a
main point which many teachers refuse to uphold
—put faith in the spirit of childhood. He must
honor a child or*he cannot educate it, though he
may cram many facts into its head. It isessential
also to the constitution of a good teacher, that,
whatever his character may be, he shall not be
slow. Children are not so constituted as to be
able to endure slowness patiently. He must also
not be destitute of imagination, for he will have
quick imaginations to develope and to satisfy.
The most learned teacher ought incessantly to
read and think, so that he may be on each topic as
full minded as he should be when he proposes to
give lessons toa child. The good teacher must be
devoted to his work; if he want pleasuee and ex-
citement, he must find them in the school-room
and the study, For it is only when his teaching
gives great pleasure to himself, that it can give
any pleasure whatever to his pupils.—MMissouri
Educator.
P "Written for Moore's Raral New-Yorker.
A DEFECT AND THE REMEDY.
esign of our Common School System is to
1 with the opportunity of acquiring an
nderstandingof the rudiments of science—of prin-
ciples sufficient, at least, for the common affairs of
life—yet it appears that from some cause about
of those reported as entitled are deprived
pportunity. .
aratively,—with the abstract report in the
Governor’s Message,—our district is a fair sample
of the State, It numbers 220 children of legal
school age, but the teachers’ lists for the Jast year
contain only 145 different names of pupils. The
list for the winter term of 100 days, shows an aver-
age attendance of 67 days for each, and for the sum-
mer term of 120 days an average of 54. The statis-
ticsin the report nbowan aggregate cost of ‘camimon
schools in the State, forthe last year, equal to $s 06
for every child reported as entitled to shi in the
provision, and of $4 50 for every one ac ing it.
The total cost for the year, beside the district
taxes, is $1 56 each for the whole number, and
$291 each for all attending school. The amount
.of publi money appropriated for the pay of teach-
"ers equals 81 10 each for all entitled, and $1 62 for
each ‘attending school. The aggregate of rate-bills
equals $0 91 each for all, and $0 46 euch for those
ae have attended school during the year.
Let it be assumed —as it is trae —that it would
cost but a trifle more, if any, to educate all the
huge in the State than it does the two-thirds
oe, school, the report shows a loss, result-
ing from mismanagement, of one-third the cost,
ing to $1,264,516 26 annually; whieb, be-
public good involved, has a pecuniary
an effort to save,—to discover the fault
dy. +
ese facts are proof of fault in carrying out the
intent of the system, by the loss on the capital in-
vested, and by the burdens thereby Isid on those
laboring for the advantages, without directly bene
fiting the indifferent. An imperfection becomes a
necessity only when known to defy every practical
remedy. The first defect is—lack of inducement
to cause s fulland regular attendence of all entitled
tothe privilege. The remedy proposed is a law to
apportion the teachers’ money by the ratio of an
ayerage number of days’ attendance,—during the
legal terms of the year,—in proportion to the num-
ber of pupils on the school list. This, of course,
will not increase the aggregate of expense in the
State, but it will augment the share of the district
where the inhabitants are most successful in filling
‘the«choo)... It willalso incite a spirit of emulation
among districts, and creates personat-foterest,
resulting in public good by a more extended diffu-
sion of knowledge,—the object of the system.
The next important mistake in law is that which
prevents people from conducting their own affairs
in their own way,—which lays unegual burdens
upon social eguals,—which deprives the inhabitants
of a district of power to enforce a tax on them-
selves, however just, right and profitable they may
judge it to be in order to pay for service which the
law requires and the dists eds. The philoso-
phy of taxation is to make property pay public
expense, while equity demands that taxes for any
object be assessed in proportion to the value of
property and the advantages expected to property
holders, in the application. What social object
takes precedence of education? Is it any advyan-
tage to property holders to have ignorant and un-
cultivated youths turned loose in community? Is
it not better that society be composed of intelli-
gentand well-informed members? The advantages
of thesystemare justly apportioned to the residents
in the distr bat the tax for the service of trus-
tees is not equitably assessed, unless—based on a
sort of self-valuation—it is supposed they can afford
to give time and energy for honors that are all
easy, and, instead of “a dollar a day and roast
beef,” are content to work for nothing and “cat
‘
one-
of
4
4
Ixpustry AND Gen1us.—There are many teachers
who profess to show the nearest way to excellence;
and many expedients have been invented by which
the oil of study might be saved. But let no man
be seduced to idleness by specious promises, Dx-
callence is never granted to man but ag the reward
Ofsbor. It argues, indeed, mo small strength-of
mind to persevere in habits of industry witnout
the pleasure of perceiving those advances which,
like the hand of a clock, whilst they make hourly
approaches to their point, yet proceed so slowly
as to escape observation. There is one precept,
however, in which I shall only be opposed by the
vain, the ignorant, and the idle. I am not afraid
that I shall repeat it too often. You must have
no dependence on your own genius. If you have
great talents industry will improve them; if you
haye but moderate abilities, industry will supply
their deficiency, Nothing is denied to well-direct-
ed labor; nothing is to be obtained without it.
Ea
I Witr.—How many times have we heard both
Parents and teachers say, such a child must have
his will broken—he is too headstrong. Is the will
ever broken? It may be made to bend, but never,
itis never broken. “If John was not so willful,
he would do well enough,” say the parent and
teacher, when every success that crowns his en-
deavors is the fruit of the will, Guide this heayen-
born gift, aid the child in placing this firm, strong
lever beneath good and noble purposes, and much
will be accomplished. When the Will joins hands
with Reason and Religion, its power will be for
good. Strong will is the great characteristic of
themselves.” S. Graves. all those who have achieved power, either fer good
Marcellus Falls, N, Y., 1859, or evil, in the world’s history. The will is the
SS
most prompt and decisive faculty of the mind,
and impels to immediate action. It is necessary
for the teacher to possess this firmness of purpose,
that he may cultivate the same in his pupils. If
they find a will to meet each duty faithfully, they
will be inspired with the same feeling in their
duties. — Selected. :
ee ne
Epucate tHe Penceptiye Facurries,—Too much
time is devoted to words—to little things. Every
primary school should be supplied with objects as
well as with books. In most schools the mind of
the child is most carefully guarded against all
ideas of the external world. Not one primary
School in ten contains anything to develop the per-
ceptive faculties, We seem to be ignorant of the
fact that it is by exercising the senses that the
germs of intellect are aroused. The child has
mind; that mind becomes active as it cognizes
qualities of matter. We do not say that matter
causes mental activity, but that the senses form the
medium through which mind is aroused, and that
the senses can only be exercised by contact with
material things,— Wis. Journal of Education,
SS eee
‘Tur most difficult department of learning sates
unlearn, Drawing a mistake or prejudice out of
the head is as painful as drawing a tooth, and the
Patient never thanks the operator. No man likes
to admit that his favorite opinion, perhaps the only
child of his mind, is an illegitimate one. Slug-
gish intellects are ever the most obstinate, for that
which it has cost us much to acquire, it costs us
much to give up; and the older we get the more
| closely we cling to errors,
eee
Reapixe Auovy.—There is no treat so great,
truly remards the Springfield Republican, as to
hear good reading of any kind. Not one gentle-
man in a hundred can read so as to please the ear,
and send the words with gentle force to the heart
and the understanding. An indistinct utterance,
whines, drones, nasal twangs, gutteral notes, hesi-
tations, and other vices of elocution are almost
Universal, Why it is, no one can say, unless it be
_ that cither the pulpit, or the nursery, or the Sun-
day School, gives the style in these days, Many a
lady can sing Italian songs with considerable ex-
Mae cannot read Wnglish passably, Yet
roading is far the most valuable accomplishment
of the two. In most drawing-rooms, if a thing is
to be rend, it is discovered that nobody can read;
one has Weak lungs, another gets hoarse, another
| hasan abominable sing-song, evidently a tradition
of the way in which Waty ymns were sung,
1 he was too Young to understand them; an-
other rambles like a broad-whee) wagon; another
has a way of reading which Seems to ‘pxmolatn
that what is read is of no consequence, and had
better not be attended to, ;
Tue Connecticut mon School Journal, in an
article on Foolish Ke Ws SBYS—" When you
_ hear a man uttering his aversion to Spending
~ Money to educate ‘other folks’ young ones,’ you
iy: conclude that his father was a man not
ii cation of his own; for the
the most earnest champi-
by loud speaking, stamp-
orSabfaatiog ta ate {ae 2% Pretty saying of an old writer, that men
Subjection to whole- | like books, begin and end wi ss , a
i ith ine
, is as much a] fancy and senility, with blank leaves —in:
Be Tae pen, in the hand that jc ‘
I is the most ‘nows how to use it,
Powerful weapon in the world.
THE HUMAN HAND. -
Issuixo from the wrist is that wonderful organ,
the human hand. ‘In a French book, intended,”
says Sir Charles Bell, “to teach young people
philosophy, the pupil asks why the fingers are not
of equal length? The master makes the scholar
grasp a ball of ivory, to show him that joints
of the fingers are then equal! It would been
better had he closed the fingers upon the palm, and
then have asked whether or not they corresponded,
This difference in the length of fingers serves
a thousand purposes, as in holt Tod, a switch,
sword, a hammer, a pen, & pencil, or engraving
tool, in all which, a secure hold, and freedom of
motion are admirably combined.” 7
On the length, strength, and perfectly free move-
ir, the power
indeed, has
verb, me
of its a
to be able, strong,
strength that i
THE MOON'S SURFACE. *
Proressor Pricups, of England, in the course
of some recent remarks before the British Associa.
tion, on the lunar mountains, remarked that daily
experience showed that the more the telescopic
er was incressed the less circular appeared
lunar crater, and the less smooth the surface
je moon. All was sharp and irritated—a\per-
t representation of its past history. On the
much mooted question as ere being traces of
the action of water on trie of the moon,
as now presented to us, the professor said that
one time he believed there no trace of water
to be seen, but he confessed that more recent ob-
servations, particularly those made with
Rosse’s telescope, shook his belief in that opini
Professor Phillip: 0 commented upon the con-
tinually wowing ent with which the tele-
Scope was applied to the delineation of lunar
scenery, which, to inferior instruments, appearing
smooth and even, revealed itself to more powerful
scrutiny as altogether uneven, mostly rugged land,
deeply cut by chasms, a Sgoering into angular
pinnacles. The so-called seas, under this scrutiny,
appear desitute of water, and their surface, under
low angles of + light, becomes roughened
with little poin' id minute craters,
of the thumb almost amounts
hand. Conscripts, unwilling to serve
of France, have been known to dis
effectually by cutting off the
hand. The loss of both th
fingers and the thum| 0!
covered with flesh,
would be absolutely i We nowy take up
what is small, soft, and round, as a m' seed, or
eyen a particle of human hair, so exquisitely
prehensile are the human fingers.
The nails are often of special service—perhaps
always in works of art which require 'nicety of exe-
cution. Their substance is just what is needed;
they are easily kept at the precise length which
answers every jose; had they been placed on
the tips of the fingers, they would have been a loss
of power, but their position ensures their highest
efliciency. An interchange of power for velocity
which takes place in the arm adapts the hand and
fingers toa thousand arts, requiring quick or lively
motions. In setting up the type of this page,
there have been movements on the part of the
compositor, of surprising rapidity to an ordinary
observer, and the execution of performers‘on the
piano forte, as well as on many wind instruments,
often astonishing; theSé tire amohg the many
instances of the advantage gained by this sacrifice
of force for velocity of movement.— Cassell’s Popu-
lar Natural History.
SINGING OF BIRDS.
Tue singing of most birds coats entirely a spon-
taneous effusion, producing no lassitude in muscle,
or relaxation of the parts of action. In certain
seasons and weather, the nightingale sings all day
and the most part of the night; and we never
observe that the powers of song are weaker, or that
the notes become harsh and untunable, after all
these hours of practice.
The song thrush, in a mild, moist April, will com-
mence his tune early in the morning, pipe unceas-
ingly through the day, yet at the close of eve, when
he retires to rest, there is no obvious decay in his
musical powers, or any sensible effort required to
continue his harmony to the last.
Birds of one species sing in general yery like
each other, with different degrees of execution,
Some countries may produce finer songsters, but
without great yariationinthenotes. Inthethrush,
howeyer, it is remarkable that there seems to be
regular notes, each individual piping a voluntary
of his own, Their voices may always be distin-
guished amid the choristers of the copse, yet some
one performer will more particularly attract atten-
tion by a peculiar modulation of tune; and@should
several stations of these birds be visited the same
morning, few or none probably would be found to
persevere in the same round of notes; whatever
is uttered seems the effusion of the moment, At
times a strain will break out perfectly unlike any
preceding utterance, and we may wait a long time
without noticing any repetition of it, Marsh,
strained; and tense as the notes of this birds are,|
yet th e pleasing from their variety,
The voice of the blackbird is infinitely more
mellow, but has much less variety, compass, or
execution; and he, too, commences his carols with
‘My 22, 12, 6 is a conjunction.
the morning light, persevering from hour to hour
without effort, or any sensible faltering of voice,
The cuckoo wearies us throughout some long
May morning with the unceasing monotony of its
Song; and though there are others as vociferous,
yet it is the only bird I know that seems to suffer
from the use of the organs of voice. Little exer-
tion as the few notes it makes use of seems to re-
quire, yet by the middle or end of June, it loses
its utterance, becomes hoarse, and ceases from any
further essay.— Journal of a Naturalist,
+e —___§\_
Coxtroversy.—Those who have the true creed,
and that faith in it which is derived from charity,
and who therefore feel certain that it is true, will
not be angry and complain if others do not treat
them with the respect. which they deserve: they
will not complain if they are treated as imposters
and deluded enthusiasts; for their own honor and
glory are not the objects for which they are seek-
ing. They are satisfied, let their success be t
or small, with doing what they can for the benefit
of others, and leave the rest to Him with whom is
the residue of the spirit.
He only is independent who can maintain him-
self by his own exertions. m
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA.
I Ax composed of 81 letters.
My 26, 28, 27, 17, 26, 2 is aomething small
My 18, 28, 29, 19, 21 aome people marry for.
‘My 28, 22, 21, 10 is dreaded by alll lazy people,
My 29, 4, 16, 20, 2 i a friend to every intelligent reader.
My 18, 80, 24, 20, 14 belongs to nar and tree,
My 1, 20, 7, 11, 8, me men possess,
My 9, 5, 8 is a usefal animal.
My 16 is an interjection.
M jo is a good motto.
{™ Answer in two weeks,
Heuway.
©
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
CHEMICAL ENIGMA.
DEDIOATED TO MISS A. M. BISHOP.
T aa composed of 50 letters.
My 29, 7, 20, 84, 11, 86 is a very useful vegetable acid,
My 19, 83, 5, 18, 10 {8 produced by the union of charcoal
and iron,
My 9, 41, 41,7, 27, 11, 43, 46 Is the cause of chemical
action. x
My 80, 81, 10, 46, 9, 45,
, 48, 40, 50, 47 explains how
matter unites,
My 27, 7, 87, 44, 24 was an ingredient of the celebrated
“ Greek fre.” 2g
My 15, 8, 17, 25, 22,4, 16, 6 ia the lghtest known sub-
stance,
My 8, 1, 28, 11, 35, 50 is a metal extracted from common
salt.
My 11, 7, 9, 47, 14, 26, 82, 18 is capable of converting
starch {nto sugar.
My 42, 2, 23, 4, 85, 6 composes at least one-half of the
globe.
My 12, 9, 10, 7, 48, 50 is softer than wax, and yet is a
metal,
My 41, 49, 21, 89, 48, 50 is the most usefal metal known.
Youngstown, Niag. Co,, N. ¥. Soromon Sras,
2 Answer in two weeks,
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
ARITHMETICAL PROBLEM,
Four noys haye each a different number of pennies
which form an arithmetical progression; each has the
yalue of four different United States coin, How many
pennies have each? A. M. Anprrsoy,
Watertown, Jeff, Co., N. ¥., 1859.
2 Answer in two weeks.
ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS, &c., IN No, 498,
Answer to Miscellaneous Enigma;—Procrastination
is the thief of time,
Answer to Geographical Enigma :—Friedrich Hein-
rich Alexander Von Humboldt.
Answer to Arithmetical Problem :—48%¢ cents,
TRIMMING MELON VINES,
Ens. Runa ;—Hayving heard it remarked by one
of my neighbors that the size and quality of melons
might be much improved by diligently attending
to the trimming of the vines, I have adopted the
plan this season, by way of experiment. It is very
likely that comparatively few readers of the Rurau
ave ever heard of, much less practiced, anything
fthe kind; butnoonecan failtohave chard
melon vines left to themselves, not only completely
cover the ground all id the hills, but even
overrun themselves, to a great extent. Now is it
not reasonable to suppose that, if these extra vines
and branches had been removed when they first
began to run, the additional amount of nutriment
thus left for the remaining yines, would have ena-
bled them to mature more and larger melons, and
of superior flavor? If this method of culture be
adopted, I think that it should be commenced as
soon as the vining commences, and be faithfully
followed through the season.
As this is merely an experiment with myself, and
Ta new subscriber, and inasmuch as most of my
neighbors “never heard of such a thing as trim-
ming vines,” it would be quite gratifying to hear
from “Aw Ory Ganpexer” on the subject, or from
some one who énowe, from much experience, what
the inevitable result must be.
must be good, or
hood,
‘that I read with hose concern-
ing Watermelons and Strawberries. Everybody
should cultivate them, and eat them, too. =
Clydo, O. Suly, 1899, Wo. Mf, Rossen,
a little damp, or the « especially ei is strong and
growth will be al =a ae
late in the season, perhaps, be oe
quence is a great many melons are formed that
neyer ripen, some of th t kills the
plant, will be as large as
ndsoon, Now, this growth pena
useless, or nearly so, for the wom Sometimes use
afew in making mango Where | ground is
sandy and not too rich, the vine does not;
strong a ae ripens pretty
fruit that is form It is in strong soil, therefc
that the pruning is most necessary, As soon ag
the main branches of the vine Haye set as much
fruit as you think will ripen well, just
gardeners say—that is, pinch off the
ious to this, the side shoots will have made
growth and formed some small melons. Let t]
remain untouched for about a week or ten da’
othem. Then stop the side shoots in the same
yasthe main. If the vine seems to grow ram-
pant, so as to be crowded with branches, it is well
to reduce the number by cutting away some of
them.
A vine treated in this way will give fruit of a
very large size, of the very best flavor, and all will
beripened. In fact, a melon vine needs treating
very much like a grape vine, only with this differ-
ence that a melon vine is much more affected by
the soil in which it grows than a grapevine. The
roots of the grape vine go a long way in search of
food, and as they live a revit hey they are
very successful in nding w! y want if it is
anywhere near, Ifthere is an one buried the
roots will find it and fasten on it, go through it if
it happens to be hollow, and suck out its juices
fast as it decays, until all is gone. But the melo:
lives only for a few short months, and if the soil is
poor in the hill and immediately around it, the
roots never get strength enough to go far in search
of food, and they will remain half starved, with
perbaps abundance of food within a foot or two,
just as o child or an animal that could not walk
might starve with a good dinner almost within
reach, Thereisnothing like giving a planta good,
strong, thy start at first, and then it gets so
strong that it can do something towards taking
care of itself, but when a plant or a boy makes a
bad start in the world, it is pretty hard to e
them go right. Sotromon was right when vai
“(train up a child in the way he shoul
is just a8 important to train a young plant right;
for unless trained both are apt toin e
and destroy their usefulness by {
practices,
WELL-TRAINED TOMATO. PLANT.
Tomato Vines are much improved by a little of
the same kind of training. Q@ut away the small
branches that will not bear fruit early enough
ripen, and as soon as the other branches have on
them all the fruit that they will probably ripen,
pinch off the ends. This will checkithe growth of
the plant, throw the strength into the frnit, and
cause it to be fine and ripen early. To-day, (July
27th,) I have tomatoes on plants treated in
this way, while others grown in the ordinary man-
ner are only a mass of branches, leaves, flowers and
green fruit, But, atomato plant to be treated in this
manner, must be fastened up to a trellis, the side
of a building, or some such thing. A very easy
and pretty way is to place four or five branches or
bushes around a tomato plant, something in the
manner of pea sticks, and the plant will ran up
among the sticks where the fruit will be well
exposed to the sun, and ripen carly.
By-the-by, Mr. Editor, I wish you would give
your young readers another view of that beautifully
trained tomato plant, which you gave the old folks
year or two ago, as it is a beautiful model to work
after. Oxp Ganpeyer.
Rewanks,—The Ocp Ganvenen is a great talker,
when he gets started, but he talks well and wisely.
We wish our young readers could only hear him
talk in the garden, and see how nicely everything
grows, asifby magic, underhiscare. Asreq ,
we give the engraving of the tomato plant which
and from which we picked
over one hundred and twenty ri
“3
x Goop Cianacter.—Youn; man, one of the
first things you bave to consider is to build up a
character. Allow us to tell you one thing about
it, which we have learned from observation. It
must be built like a pyramid, to be firm and last-
ing—broad at the base. Then the foundation
open 4 pyramid would crack and
ieces. Get a reputation from early boy-
for truth, honesty and industry, obedience to
arents and teachers, and above all, piety. By and
fall to
te
<<)
*
|longer, and the principal growth will be thrown
a
i
a
Yee
;
%
¥ your character will be as firm as a poremids e R
host of nintors could not overthrow it,
if Soe cea life is bad, to build a character
on such a beginning, would be almost as difficult
as to build and poise a pyramid on ifs apex.
AGRICULTURAL. Pagn
Inquiries and Notes —Catarrh In Catue; Seeding Down
to Grass; Sulphur Water for Butver-making ,
Thick or Thin Sowing. x ae
ee Growing op the Haulm, (Uiustra
ted ;} Prince Albert Polsto. -
Rural Spirtt of te Presa,—The Farmer's Cree!
On Buller Makiog: The Willow and Willow Ware..
riculturud Afia ellany.—Seed Wheat—New Y.
flee Ac ; Wheat Growlog in Central New Yorks 4
Premium Apprrclated—Ketehum's Combined Machine;
ry People’s College; Spring Barley Sown in the Pall;
Plants Upon One Acre; New Marrow and Seed Sower,
A Beekeeping Locally; A: er Good Cow .., .
\ HORTICULTUR
An Extensive Pear Orchard
Martford Prolific Grape
a Flora) Wreath, (Iiiusurated) .
Peaches, Sumner Apples, &o,
geeeeere 8
‘Farm
Skewers for Vines.
on DOMBSTIO ECONOMY.
Jambles; Mountain Cuke; Rusk; Cream Coker Cur-
Wine; Elderberry Wine; Cooking Matton, Veal,
Lemon Cake; Cooklog;
Jumbiew; Ginger Snaps: Pie-Plant and
Gooseberry Pie; Crackers; Preeersing Green Corn
Shrewsbury Cake
LADIFS’ OLIO.
Onr Ido), [Poetical |] Piuin Talks to American Women:
No, XVI...
CHOIGE MISCELLANY. m
Any oetical:] The Autobiography of a pole Tree
Hapa Fravhdin'a Integrity: Saliaagandl..-
SABBATH MUSINGS
Ison for a Troubled Feart, (Poetical: Foreive the
a An Floquert Extract: Toe Parleh Minister:
All Your Need; ‘sDatics; Almsziving Not Charity, 256
EDUCATIONAL.
A Defert and the Remedy: Reading Aloud: ut-ai
. Dried Teschers: Industry and Geojus; I Wi
eate the Perceptire ies... aan
OLt0.
ig of Birds; Controversy; Th
as vane BT
ind
du:
‘The Woman Hand;
Moon's Surface
YOUNG RORALIST.
‘Trimming Melon Vines—Well-Trained Tomato Plant,
“(illustrated ,) A Goud Oharacter ............005 seveene 957
7 STORY TELLER,
| There's Work Enough to Do, (Poetical;) Rosamond. or
the Youwsfol Error—A Tale of Luverside; Important
| to Every One... sawerse
| —— es
‘LIST OF NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
=J
NVinte—Ai, Ds Freer & Co,
| srectan soriors.
Compa —Jozeph Burnett & Co.
yb i & Co,
1 =
| Bera MOORE, K
f
’ i y
u
Bornes Cocoalne—Joseph Nurnett & Co,
raining and Subsoll Piow—Aiden & Co,
p hutile Sale of Levon Catile and Suuthdo
"Alen,
Clistoo Libers] Institute—Prof N. Whi
Premlum Straw bersies—8 ro. R, Prince
Hickok 6 Patent Portable Cider acd Wine
W. 0. Hicko®.
Moke Your Own Soan—B, R. Durkee & Co,
Wilson's and Peabody's eediings—1, W. riggs
eld Seminery—J 6 Veo Metten, A. M., Princi
‘Te |, A, Peters,
heep—Lewis
inelpal.
The Tollet
Beaul
4 a
&
*Rocars TER,
N. ¥., AUGUST 6, 1859.
ADVANCE:
ently conte
ms 26) Twenty
} thi reo cop tinyerwo:
au! Thirty ered do
And nn Extra Copy, free, to every person remitting for 8
club of lx or more copies; and Two free coplea for every
lab of Thirty or over. As a new Half Volume commenced
July 2d, Now m3 Tae Tite to form Clubs for elther Six
Months ora Year. All persons who form new clubs to com-
menee with July, or introdoce the Rurat In localities
Where it {s not now taken, will be Uberally remunerated for
thelr time and attention.
Back numbers from
fornlabed, If desired, Wy
Bhow Bills, £e., to sl) uppli
‘Many Don-subscribers as
or Jenuary can still be
nd Specimen Nombers,
the addresses of as
led.
DOMESTIC
Matters at Washington.
Apvices received here from Nicaragua give
assurance of a fair prospect of sati tory settle-
ment of the transit difficulties, and speak in confi-
dent terms of the ability of Gen. Juarez to secure
the rejection of the Lamar-Seeladon treaty, ob-
jected to by our Government,
The balance in the trensury on the 25th was
rly $5,000,000, The receipts for the week end-
ing on that do 0 $2,259,000. The drafts paid
16,000, and the drafts issued to
WS.
|
|
|
lo white person was
led two Indians ond
8 made no resistance
‘itizens, who were more
producing the difficulty than the In-
he newspaper accounts are greatly exag-
-Rerated,’”” p
Information has been received at the Department
of State to the effect proper steps have
ean taba, Pp ps
| School of New Hari
tral hal ¥
of congratyJation
MOORE'S
Allo! bey, @s WilbeEses agarDst Certain white wed,
who are strovg!y implicated in that crime. The
other cbildren will arrive at Leavenworth about
the 10th of August, where Williem C. Miscbell,
whose two sons and their wives were among the
wounded emigrants, will receive them ang return
them to their friends in Arkansas, The initi
steps for their recovery were taken by Mr.
the former Commissioner, and Commission
Greenwood bas zealously consummated that bu-
mane purpose, :
The public lands Aerts to be sold in Min-
to the 14th of October, embrace
ates witbin the six miles
nesotafrom the Ist
the government al:
and the pine lands of
f that State, consisting
limits of the railro:
the northeastern pi
of 1,750,000 acres. =)
Personal and Petiticat
Tue Republicans of Maseach
their nominating Convention at Fitchburg on the
20tb of September.
Srverat thousand electors of St. Louis have
petitioned the Mayor to submit to a vote the ques-
tion whether the sale of liquor shall be prohibited
on the Sabbath, The petition is signed by men of
i creeds, opinions and nationale.
Or what material the next House of Representa-
ives will be composed is o matter of speculation
olitical cheracter of the members alread,
d stands as follows :—Opp:
ocrats, 51; Anti-Lecompton Democrats, 8; Ameri
can, 1. If the other States elect as they did to the
last Congress, viz:—nearly oll Democrats, the
complexion will be Opposition, 112; Democrats,
102; Anti-Lecompton Democrats, 9; Americans,
18. Oregon will come in with her representatives,
aod make the total of the House 2937 members, and
requiro 119 to make a majority.
Tus Kansas Constitutional Convention has fixed
the boundaries of the new State as already defined,
except upon the west, where the twenty-third
meridian of longitude is taken as the line. This
makes the State 300 miles long by abont 210 from
north to south, e Constitution is radically anti-
slavery, but d' from the Leavenworth instru-
ment inasmuch as it does not extend the right of
suffrage to negroes. The State Legislature is to
consist of 72 Representatives and 21 Senat e
Business Convention disposed of, with le
expedition, the question of apportionm' he
temporary Capital being the only measure which
offered serious obstacles. Topeka is selected tem-
porarily as the Capital, Lawrence being the com-
petitor. The efforts of the partisans of both these
places revealed considerable corruption both inside
and ontside of the Convention, and one or more
members are implicated in charges of bribery.
Toe Convention adjourned on the 29th ult. by 84
to 18, all the Democrats voting against it, and
refusing to sign it.
Letrer Prom Presipsxt Bucuanan.—Mr, Bu-
cuaNnan writes to a friend, under date of July 25th,
as follows:
“My Dean Sin:—I have received yourkind note
of the 19th inst,, together with the leader from the
Post. Whilst I appreciate, as it deserves, the
ability and friendsbip displayed in that editorial, I
yet regret that it bas been published. My deter-
mination, not, under any circumstances, to become
a candidate for re-election, is final ond conclusive.
My best judgment and strong inclination unite in
favor of this course. To cast doubt upon my pre-
determined purpose is calculated to impair my
influence in carrying out important measures, and
affords a pretext for saying that these measures
have been dictated by a desire to be re-nominated,
With kindest regards,
Respectfully, your friend,
Jaues Bocwanan.”
From the Pacific Side.
Tue steamship Afoses Taylor, from Aspinwall,
arrived at New York on the 27th ult., and the
Northern Light on the 31st. The former brought
$2,145,000 in specie. From the files we gather the
following intelligence :
Business at San Francisco remains withont any
improvement.
Much excitement was caused on the Isthmus by
discovery of lurge quantities of golden images
in the Indian graves in the Chiviqui District,
Many hundred of miners have gone there, and
already several thousands of dollars worth had
been sent to Panama,
A serious disturbance took at Aspinwall
the 20th of July, occasioned b: currilous article
poblisbed in a little news sheet printed in that
place, reflecting on some of the railroad cumple cee.
The printing office was attacked by a mob, and the
presses and all the other printing materials thrown
into the sea. During the state tn propietors
attempted to defend the office, and several shots
were fired upon the assailants, resulting in the
killing of one man and wounding five others,
Horatio Lyon, proprietor of the paper, and three
printers, were arrested and committed.
Chili bas at last agreed to pay $15,000 indemnity
to the owners of the American ship Franklin,
The town of Ancud, in the province of Chili, bad
been almost destroyed by fire. Loss $500,000.
Callao dates are to July 12th, The late attempt
at revolution in the south of Peru had been put
down, and an amnesty had been granted, Gen;
Castill@ and Dr. Ureta had been defeated by the
government
Accounts from Peru indica it the revolu-
tionary movements still continue, Castilla had
issued ampesty to all soldiers and private parties
engaged in it, provided they report themselves be-
fore the endof July, Castilla had also determined
declare war eS Bigs, and proposed
ading thadoroan sn, oD in.
x 7
Youxa America 1s Eonors—A Youxo Tour-
isr.—James ompson, of New Haven, a lad
thirteen years of a bas recently returned from
an European tour, avisit to Paris, where
went alone and tected, and remained
t a week, His schoolmates in the Levell
N e hon ie young
ion, at which addresses
ang espera (.
Wappanate
a
FOREIGN NEWS.
‘Tuéne have beep four arrivals of foreign steam-
ships during the week —the Ocean Queen, Anglo
Saxon, Becaibend Kengaroo—ond the news
brought by them we condense as follows;
Great Baitam —In the House of Commons on
the 15th, the bill abolishing Church rates was de-
bated, and passed to a second reading by o vote of
262 to 193, amidst Jond cheers.
The Dake of New Castle stated that the govern-
ment did notiotend renewing alliances, by which
the Hudson's Bay Co., held their North American
Territories.
Lord Somerset enid that the expediency of enter-
ing into arrangements for arming the Ocean Mail
Steamers, had been under consideration, but os
the Committee of Naval Affairs, in 1852, reported
Against such a measure, on the ground of expense,
nothing bad been done. A general survey, bow-
ever, had Sen en ordered, of the steam brigs
nod other vessel the mouths of the rivers, in
order to ascertain how far they might be rendered
available for defensive purposes.
On the be Houses, reference was made
to the treaty of peace. Lord Derby pointedly in-
quired if the King of Sardinia was a party to the
WAS understood that the Emperor of
ally, and not the principal in
d Jobn Russell, in the House of
did not know whether the
Vienns bad been sulted,
nd was concerned no particulars
dhad been farnished. Lord
he French government for
Walewski told him he
inquired if the Government
owerful French fleet was sta-
a consequently 0 ation had been de-
inded. ut
The English gottiomes has fally determined
on laying 2 cable direct to Gibralter and thence to
Malts. ‘
The Chancellor of the Exchequer has introduced
his budget. He stated that the total revenue re-
ceived during the past financial sear, was £65
477,000, while the expenditnres were £64,663,000,
leaving a surplus of over £810,000, THe estimated
the revenue for the current at £64,340,000,
and the expenditures at £69,207,000, leavingapross
deficiency of £4,867,000. To meet this deficiency
the Government preferred direct to indirect taxa-
tion, and instead of increasing the existing duties
or imposing new ones, they propose to add 4d to
the income tax on incomes of over £150, and 1¢d
on incomes of between £100 and £150 per annum,
making the former 9d and the latter 6\¢d. The
debate which ensued was generally favorable to
the scheme proposed, and the consideration of the
budget in detail was postponed to the 2st of July.
Fraxce —The statemént of the Bank of France
for the month of July, shows a decrease in cash of
over 11,000,000 francs,
The Norde ssys the treaty of peace, although
arranged in principle at Villa Franca, will be defi-
nitely draw up at Zupich, and will then be officially
communicated to the Courts of Europe—the adhe-
sion of these Courts being indispensable to the
organic and internal stipulations which form part
of the public law of Europe.
A Conference to settle the affairs of Italy bas juat
been arranged at St, Cloud, and the eorly part of
next month is spoken o! as the time at which the
representatives interested will assemble, but the
place of their doing so is not yet mentioned. The
same correspondent learns, on very high authority,
that both Emperors are convinced that the bases
for peace which they so hastily agreed upon, are
in many respects impracticable.
The Peace Congress, it was settled, would mect
at Zurich in about ten days. M. Bourguenz would
represent France, and Count Collaredo would per-
form the same oflice on the part of Austria.
Letters*from Paris assert that much discontent
prevails ie regard to the terms of peace, and
the small results of the war. Although the peace
itself gave generat satisfaction, the Siecle, the or-
gan of the French Liberals, is dissatisfied, and says
France will have everything to begin in a few
years, if the minutest Austrian influence is suffered
ap abode in Italy. It calls for an expulsion of the
petty Italian Princes, the confederates of Austria.
The Emperor arrived at St. Cloud on Sunday
morning, July 17th.
The announcement of peace is said to have al-
ready caused signs of commercial improvement in
France. o-
Avsrnta.—The Emperor of Austria bas ordered
an immediate cessation of the recruiting just com-
menced.
It was rumored that the Emperor and Empress
of the French would yisit Vienna.
The French army were reported to haye com-
menced their counter-march two deys before the
armistice, and a war tax was imposed on Piedmont
amounting to one-tenth of all the taxes on property,
‘customs, taxes, &o,
It was said that Garibaldi was about to issuea
‘oclamation, and it was considered doubtful if he
would lay down arms, Up to the 11th the forma-
tion of the Hungarian Legions had proceeded pros-
peronsly—five thousand men having joined.
Traty.—Strong indications of discontent at the
terms of the peace were visible in some parts of
Italy, At Florence great sgitation prevailed, and
the Provincial government bad issued a proclama-
tion which describes the peace of Villa Franca as
betraying the finest hopes, and says that the Tus-
can government participated in the sentiments of
the Tuscan people on the surject, and declares that
Tuscany will not be replaced under the yoke and
influ ee of Austria, against her will and rights,
Sarpy The Times correspondent at Turin
Says that pence has produced the greatest exaspe-
ration and ae intbatCapital. The Emperor
Nopoleon is accused of being a traitor to Italy,
By the Times correspondent ef tho Daily News
the Piedmontese ane desoribed as being a prey te
grief and stuporin cooseq uence of the peave, which
Jeaves Sardinia without a fortified frontier,
_ The Oyinione of Turio does not conceal the dis-
Satisfaction with which it sees Venice remain in
the bands of Austria.
Laresr.—A Ministry bas been formed. The Min-
ister of War and President of the Council js Gen.
Dabormei, and the Minist ior 6 Signor
Rattazi.
The government of Lombardy bas cautioned
editors against using inyeotives in regal nt
events, acd recommends them toussum, ta
of moderation, under the pas of suppression or
suspension. e
Swirzgntawp.—The Federal Council have re
Solved to disband the troops in the Canton Ticino,
where a guard for Austrian vessels will alone re-
main. Thej bave also resolved on enforcing severe
measures to prevens the enroliment of the Swies
for foreign military service. Am order bas beem
issued to disband the troops called out during tbo
war, and repealing tbe measure against the expor-
tation of arme, atomunition, &o
Paussta,—The Prussian Gacetts says, that in
consequence of the treaty of peace, orders have
been transmitted to the troops on the march, to
bult at the respective places where they bap-
pen to be; also, that the proposal made by the
Prussian Ambassador to the Federal Diet, in re
gard to the Federal troops, bad, under present
circumstances, been withdrawn by the Prussian
government,
Napres —Additional details of the recent partial
mutiny of the Swiss troops are received. A party
of troops mutinied in the barracks, killing the
Colonel and several officers of the 4th regiment,
and afterwards repsired to the Royal Palace, bus
were driven back by the Chasseor#and Hussarson
duty, to the Champede Mars, where they were sur-
rounded. Tbe Commander-in-Chief of the Swiss
called on them to surrender, They replied bya
@ischarge of firearms, wounding the General and
about twenty privates, Orders were then given to
fire on the mutineers, when 76 were killed and 238
wounded,
.
Couenorar.—Breadstugs —The weather bas been
favoraols for the ensps, aud the barvest prospeos are
excellent, Flour #s very Oui, nod Frency was offered
Oe reduction of 1684 prr Buck. American was quoted
St 100@1¥86d per cenial. Wheat dail but now
Dochangen, though parcels Were pressing on the ma:
eter red 760@9=; Wile 9@9e6d ; Southern white
10:@ 118 Corn dull and nominal Mixed and yellow
Sslo@baks ; White Te@ie¥d. Provintons. — Bigland,
altnya & Ca, Rishardaon, Spence & Co, James Mot
Henry and overs, quote pork heavy aud slighuly lower,
but qooiations nominal Lard quiet
Clippings from Foreign Journals.
Miss Frorexce Nicurinaate is so extremely ill
that the worst resulta are epprebended. Her
strength is diminishing sadly, She has been re-
moved from Highgate to London, but is now con-
fined to her room,
In London there are only nine chartered Banks
besides the Bank of England.
allowed to igeue uoles payable on demand. Their
upited deposits are about £40,000,000 sterling, or
two hundred million dollars.
Covnr Arese, the new Prime Minister of Sar-
divia, appointed to fill the vacancy caused by
the resignation of Count Cavour, is 4 young map
of not very prominent position in Sardinian poli-
tics, but one who bas bad some little diplomatic
experience, having been sent by Cavour to Paris
last spring a8 Envoy. He is awarm admirer of
Louis Napoleon, and will be governed by his
influence.
Tus London papers, of late date, record the
death of Lieutenant General Proctor, who played
such an important part in the last war with Great
Britain, having commanded the 82d regiment at
the battle of Fort Erie, and subsequently shared
in the campaign along the Nisgara frontier. He
was colonel of the 97th regiment. Ie died a few
weeks since at his seat in Wales, suddenly, from
diseuse of the heart He had been sixty years in
the army. In July, 1814, he commanded the 82d
before Fort Erie from September 20, and
throughout the successive operations of the cam-
paign, on the Niagara frontier. He received the
brevet promotion of lieutenant colonel for his
conduct in repelling the attack on the battterics
and position before Fort Erie, on the 17th of Sep-
tember, 1814.
Lonp Patwerston stated in the British House
of Commons, on the 4th ult, that no reform
measure could be introduced into the British Par-
liament at present.
A Panis letter in the /ndependence, of Brussels,
Biggs the following account of the circumstances
which preceded the armistice:—‘‘ The Emperor of
Austria having caused a demand to be made in the
French camp, if it were not possible to obtain the
remains of Prince Windischgratz, who was killed
at Solferino, the Emperor Napoleon caused them
to be sought for—and they were recognized partly
by bis uniform, and partly by some letters from
his newly married wife, which he had about him.
The corpse was placed in an artillery wagon, and
conveyed, accompanied by an officer of the staff
and an escort, to the Austrian head-quarters, The
officer expressed to the Emporor the condolence of
the Emperor of the French; and his Austrian
Mojesty (who was just recovering from o some-
what severe indisposition) begged, not without
emotion, the officer to conyey his thanks to the
Emperor Napoleon, and to express his sorrow at
the death of 80 many brave men in the Freuch
army, This led to some remarks on the cruel ne-
cessities of war, and from what was said the Em-
peror Francis Joseph was able to perceive that
those necessities were regretted as much by his
opponent as by himself. The Emperor Francis
Joseph afterwards sent the son of Geo. Urban
with a flag of truce to the French camp, as is
known, and the Emperor Napoleon, by an auto-
graph letter, proposed a suspension of arms.’”
Raney bas been very successful in London in
taming vicious horse, the * King of Oude.” The
News suys the audience fairly trembled when he
unlocked the iron pole, gave it to the groom, and,
with not even astick in his band, stood in the ring
and his portraits have been withdrawn from the
shop windows, to prevent their being broken.
4
with that screaming savage of a horse, and then
fairly outmancuyred him by his weird-like tact.
he News Condenser.
— Tao Onlo ts very low, 7
— Teltow fever t prevalent tp Havana,
— Biaek berries are abondant te Kentacky,
— A late Pike's Peak exprore ‘Drongdt $5800 in gold.
— Bueet Ratiroads are to be consirocted in Cieve-
land. . *
— Gen. Paez, of Venezucta, has retoroed to Hew
York,
~ Green oora is selling in Cincinnati at 10 odnts pe
dozen.
— A voloanic eruptio;
Lelande.
— Boteno thousand miners are in the Frazer Ri
diggings.
— Toe revolutioniets of Yoeatan have been quiet);
dispersed, A _
— New gold mines are talked of in Hom!
California
— Few wheat hos teoulla in Cla atl for n dollar
per bushel
— It iseald thatthe Emperor of A)
reenlt of the last battie,
— Engiond bas 75) veseote of war; France450; Bus
sia 108; Unitea States 76,
— Beventy bushels per acre for wheat are talked of
in some parte of California. a
~ Thirty-seven feet of snow, itis reported, foll
Blerra Nevadas last wivter,
— A company at Mareilon, O., is building o steam
yacht to navigate the canal.
— The ginseng excitement bus nearly died out in Mia-
nesola and the adjacent States,
3:
progress at the Sand
Weptatihe
Frav ld moves. .
— There are 2,098 collieries {n Gi
annually 65,894,707 tone of cos
peach 27 inches in circumference.
— In some Ohio connties the hay crop ‘Bas beon re-
duced Gfiy per cent by dry weatber,
— A sbip canal to the Galf from the river belo)
Orleans, is talked of. Ovat, $1,600,000,
— Instonces of death from beart diseaso
with elarming freqnenoy in California.
— The eannonading at Syifering was heard at Tries
n distance of 160 miles, as the crow flica.
— An Indian bas been committed to tho District of
Columbia Penitentiary for horse stealing.
— A wagon and four horees were swallowod up by a
sower caving in at 8k Louis the olber day.
— Nine Inqnests were beld in 84, Lonison the 19th, ie
eases of death from the effects of the heat.
— La Crosse, Wis., bus o Jail that cost $19,000, some-
thing more, {tis eatd, thao all ber churches,
— The Pacha of Egypthas ordered of Wasson & Co,,
of Bpringfleld, Mass, $50,000 wurth of cars.
— Toe government revenue paid into tho Bank ef
Not ove of therein
England amounts to nearly a million of dollars a day.
—The P. O. Department bas Jasned stamps and ou-
Yelopes during the last quarter to the amount of $1,605,-_
000.
— The Court of Common Pless of Ohio has pro-
pounced the recent Black Law of the State unconsultn-
Hional.
— They aretaking a cepsus fn To’ nd from aome,
returns it ia inferred that tho population of the State Ia
700,000,
—Arrnule is epforced in the Boaton Superior Court
whiob requires lamyera to stand up while cxamining
witnesses,
— Tho Danbury (Conn,
rose to 112 degreca in uh
day week.
— The Jatest advices from Utab, state that 1 move-
ment ja on foot among the Mormons to abandon
polygamy.
— The last Legislature of Texas, it is sald, contalnod
thirteen “men of meri.” Not oneof them could write
his name.
—Mary Zecher, aged oilies, died in Lancaster,
Pa, last week of lock Jaw, caused by ruoniog a nail
into her foot.
— Forty cells are to be added to the female depurt-
ment of the Bing Sing Prieon. Is crime on'tho increase
among females? ‘
imes says that tho mercury
jade, in tbat village on Mon-
— The daily war expenses of France are estimated
at 8,000,000 francs ; of Austria at 1,200,008 florins, oreach
at about $600,000.
— Moat kinds of four cannowb:
throo dollars per barrel cheap:
week of last April.
— A recent arseaement 8
Kentucky to be 8) of
the number last year,
— Another Bailroad war is threatened. The sgree-
ments they patch up don’t seem to Inst long, Siook-
holders are to be pitied.
— A letter from Christiana states that Hans Michelsen,
the oldest and the most celebrated sculptor in Norway,
died on the 20th of June.
—A sewing mschine company of Boston havo ro-
cently manufactured a splendid machine to be present-
ed to the Empress Eugenio,
— Over $1,000 in gold and allver were found ina bag
of flax-sced offered at a salo of the personal property of
a Mr, Oaks, in Dauphin Go, Ps. ®
— A correspondent of tho Torouto Leador anys thoy
are ngitating the question of annexatlon to the United
Biates In tne Red River country. .
— From the 16th to the 2lat alt, inclusive, there were
81 deaths by sunstreke at Olncinnal, being abont on
fourth the entire nom! caaes,
— A anit has beon instituted in Kontucky for the re-
covery of over 40,000 acres of Jand in Harrison, Bour-
bon, Nicholes, and other counties.
— The people of Southern Kansas are holding mee
inge in favor of a rajlrond from the mouth of Kanes
river to the southern boundary of Kaness.
,241 bead over
—The Hamburgh papers notice the arrival of 500
{uns of Cineiunati pork, to provision the gerrisous of
Mayenco, Ebreinbreitetein, Rudetadt, and Ulin.
—The imports at Baltimore for the quarter ending on
the Lat were $2 985,000; exports $2 976,000; tonnage en-
tering and arriving 875,000; namber vessels 1,003.
elghing over 200 Ibs. was caught by
ho wheels of the Trane Newton, and
thrown up into the whoo! house where It was found,
"= Dhe total vote of Virginia In the Tato olection, was
only about 10,000, The voto of Ohio, which, some
yeurs ngo, was a county of Lola, ba) about 400,000,
— A boy swam over the Detroit riv: im Detroit to
the Ganada side on Saturday week. The distance is
half = mille, 0s the sormsnk three orfour miles an hour.
— A sturgeon w
the revolution of #1
Behool picnic has been held at Sam :
fe
numbers—o!
bundred.
q ublie lands advertised
lon rom the Ist to the 14th of October, embrat
{
Pair at Dondee, Yates Co.
premivaipf five dollars to the youog lady who will
pare a peckof potatoes in the shortest time and do
to be sold in Min-
ce
the government alternates within the six mile
limits of the railroad grants, and the pine tanda of
the northeastern portion of that State, consisting
lion and threo quarter acres.
of
fae Orleans Picayune says that the Ameri-
ean Sarveyors of the apes of Tehuantepec, in
“their explorations on the Pacific coast, discovered
the ruins of an ancient city withio a few miles of
the sea. The Surveyora brought back a large
number of terracota idols, mosical instruments,
silver rings, bas relievos, &c; all of which indicate
an advanced condition of civilization among the
aboriginal people of Mexico.
Nionotas Losoworrn, the Cincinnati millionaire,
was sitting on the steps of a drinking house the
other day, with his hat between his knees, waiting
fora friend, when a passing stranger dropped o
quarter into his bat, thinking him a beggar!—
Nick's personal appearance is said to justify the
inference. eg) ~ wer Te aris
A Crxcrxwati Justice recently gave judgment in
favor of a matrimonial broker for $25, for obtain-
ing a wife foraclient. The latter, after marriage
with the article—a fine, stout German girl—thought
the price too extravagant.
_ Tae Italian Colony at Tobasco, in Mexico, bas
been abandoned in consequence of persecution by
the government, they being suspected of liberalism.
On the 11th of April, Miramon shot three Itlians
without even the form of trial.
Toere veces among the convicts at
Sing Sing to escape on Monday week, but it was
found ont in time to adopt efficient measures to
prevent success Not a man escaped, although
about one hundred were in the conspiracy.
Poniic meetings have recently been held in Mis-
sour, for the purpose of adopting measures to
prevent the driving of Texas cattle through that
Btate to the North. Itis alleged that these droves
leave malignant diseases along tho route, of which
many Missouri cattle have died.
Berween two and three hundred thousand pounds
of wool have been received from New Mexico this
season, It is taken to Lexington, Ky., to be man-
nfactured into blankets and the coarser woolen
fabrics.
‘Tue Overland Mail brings intelligence that about
three hondred Pike's Peak emigrants had arrived
al Cily in i an Two
thousand Pike's Peakers are reported on their way
to Culifornia, via, Salt Lake, and from their desti-
tute condition, trouble was anticipated.
Tue Mayor of Philadelphia took measures to
prevent the running of Sunday cars in that city.
‘The matter was appealed to Judge Thompson, who
has sustained the Mayor. Heregards the running
of cars on Sunday as a breach of the peace.
Tue immigration to Wisconsin and Minnesota ia
to be larger this year than for three years past, and
most of the immigrants are Norwegians. During
the first sixteen days of June 65 immigrant wagons,
$25 immigrants, and over 1,000 head of cattle
crossed the Mississippi at Da Crescent, Minnesota,
for the purpose of settling in that State.
A Minan correspondent of the Boston Atlas gives
this remarkable incident of the battle of Solferino.
At the chateau of Cavriana was alady with two
sweet children, who were caressed and received
Sweet-meats on the morning of the 25th from the
Austrian Kaiser, and in the evening from the
Emperor Napoleon.
Kentucxy Hoo Cror.—The Assessors’ returns of
the number of hogs six months old, on the 10th of
Janusry, show an aggregate for the present year
of 815,688, against 639,297 in 1858, being an in-
crease of 176,
A Wrowe
care arrived at
Frox Havasa.—The steamship Empire City ar-
rived at New York on the 27th ult, having left
New Orleans and Havana on the 20th. There is
not much news at Havana. The most important
item is the consummation of a postal arrangement
between His Excellency, the Governor General of
Cuba, and the U.S, Consul, Mr. Helm. The United
States mails will, after the first of November, be
made up at the office of the Consul General.
Govenxonr Gexerat or Canapa.—According to
the Jatest London papers there is reason to halve
that Mr. Cobden is not unlikely to be appointed to
theimportant office of Governor General of Canada.
Such a proposition has pe.
3 6 time of
union of the Provinces, the debt of Canada pat
ed to only six million of dollars; now it is about
sixty. The diture then was $1,320,009
Year it was $11, 00,000. -
eral purposes of
821,948, eit
last
‘The expenses forthe gen-
government were last year %5,-
ie of $3,500,000 in five
the expenditure 0
=
2
aS
a
_ MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YOREKER..
J.C. G. Kennedy, who was the Superiotendent of
ts entered upon, which will not be until af
d by Congress, in regard to specitic facts
presented in the returns, could be readily
suaWered, a ae
Perr.ovs Passaou ov THe ru Barrox.—The
following paragraph is an extract from the “log”
of the steamship North Bri i, which arrived at
New York last week:—“Too North Briton dis-
charged her pilot at the Bell Buoy, Liverpool, at
530 P.M, July 13th. Had bead wind nearly the
entire passage. On Wednesday, the 20th inst,, at
1.35 P saw & large iceberg, ond continued to
see icebergs all the afternoon, At night a thick
fog set in, and wo proceeded on our course very
slowly, Soon after two o'clock on the moroipg of
tho 2st, the fog cleared away, when immense ice-
bergs hove in sight in all directions, At about
four o'clock the whole Atlantic ahead of us, as far
as we could see, was covered with fields of ice,
presenting, apparently, a perfect barrier tqyour
course westward. The course of the ship was,
accordingly, immediately changed to the south,
and we steamed along in that direction until a
passage was discovered through the ice, when the
steamer was again headed westward. Atonetime,
in the afternoon of the 21st, there were fifty-six
icebergs insight. We eptored the straits of Bello
Isle at6 P. M. on Thursday, and on that evening
saw many icebergs in the Straits. At one time
seventeen were in sight, Early on Friday morn-
ing we saw two icebergs which bad forced their
way through the Straits, We were in the vicinity
of ice for more than thirty-six hours, during a part
of which time the temperature was only five de-
grees above the freezing point.”
Special Notices.
THE TOILET COMPANION
Is the name by which Messrs. Josep Burnett & Co.,
at Boston, desigpate the neat and conyenient case in
which these famous chemists and perfumers put up their
svperlorpreparations for toilet use, viz:— Karurstoy,”
* Coooarne,” “ Onrentan Tootu Wasu,” and * FLori-
met.” The Kalliston is on article the ladies already
regard as an indispensable preparation for promoting
the healthy condition of the skin, and beautifyiag tho
complexion. Tne Cocoaine, containing alarge propor-
tion of Cocoa-Nut Oil, imparts to the hair a glossy
appearance, invigorates it, and gives it a healthy
growth. The Oriental Tooth Wash arrests decay of
the teeth, cures canker, hardens the gums, and imparis
)thesbreath=—PVortmal ten delicate
Peaduring perfume, of exquisite-oder;-ond so pure 13 NOt |
to discolor the ligbtest fabric. These preparations are
not only of approved usefulness, and all that they pro-
feas to be, but also remarkable for a delicacy of perfume
and bealtby purity, very seldom met with in articles
which are sold at such moderate prices,—Providence
Press,
" Beavry.-Tho perfvction of beauty, even in the mest
beautiful woman, ts gained at her tollet ‘There the use
of Buenerr’s Kauiiston is indispensable; it eradi-
cates all unsightly objects, such as tan, freckles, and
pimples, and gives the complexion a clear and bloom-
ing appearance, Prepared by Joskra Bunnerr & Co.,
Boston. — Boston Traveller.
Markets, Commerce, Sc.
Ron New-Yonken Orrice,)
Rochester, Aug. 1, 189. §
Tus alterations we are compelled to make in our table of
quotations the present week are almost totally confined to
minor matters, no change being observable in the great
staples of Flour or Wheat. Corn and Oats are declining
somewhat, The Live Stock market is slightly affected, the
tendency being downward, In Fruits and Roots some tri
fling variations may be seen by referring to figures below,
Rochester Wholesale Prices,
Fron axp Grate.
Flour, wint.wheat,86,50@7,00
Floor, spring do. .85,00@é,
Flour, buck heat,
Wheat, Genesee. .81,25
Best white Can’a. .#1.’
Corn, Peaches, drie
b.
Cherries, dried, ® D
elts
Pork, mess pelts,
“ai7.00@ 1850
Por! “e2).
1.00@23,00
00@7,50
Mutton, carcass,
Hams, smoked.
Shoulders
Chicken;
Turkey:
Geese,
Ducks, # p
Dat
Putter, roll.
Coal, Pittston -
Coal, Shamokiu ©!
Coal, Ohar
Salt, bbl
Hay, tun’;
Woo), #0.
are
lodfish,# q
‘Trout, bbl
U@120
9, 00@9, 50
tal. 94.75
Tide 1050 Ena
+ +988,00@8,50,
Produce and Proyision Markets,
NEW YORK, Angu:
MAMlOW ss =nais
r
pnterlog ew
ern yellow,
Canadian and
Sales at @15,18@15,95
PRO}
for m Total stock now here, 90,601
< . 2
ALBANY, Avgust__1—Fuoun—Opened better: ed)
srades ndvenced 1@iie; extra grates unchamend. oe
Giat¥—Qniet and little offering, Suleawhite Michigan at
ticweecet Revie @utiescd Bact ik
mixed al juts de les at
measure, for State and Vanada East,
feo
Chins Michigan, Indiana and Ohi
Gai
IX—Wheat qui ;
standard Chleauo spring at nee NS 1
fholce white Kentucky, in Tota, mt #140
| Brae als Rao oe older sak
sales Mlwaukeo at Ste. "Utner ge te Pete
8—Dull and unchanged.
with moderate demand, Sales at 1
and Milwaukee, Corn without mate-
f
95,50@6,00 for double
stock limited. Sales
red winter Illinois at
les Ohio at Tic,
—_
TORONTO. July 29 — The supolles of produce have heen
Yery tnsicoifioaut uiroaehout the week P, ers Keperaliy
have neo top busily eusased to allow them to cume to
marke!
jebest rats
‘of peacd, and
there nea e in flour,
wes for family consumption, Wholesale quotations
AL 93,50 for superfine. 85,75 for fancy.
Fasily floor is retailed BM 80G6,25 W
Lo
beyond 8
are purely nomIn:
and @5 for extra.
barrel.—Glova,
The Cattle Markets
NEW YORI, July 27i-The current prices forithe week
follows :
aa the markets Bl ewt., M0,@10, edi
a Te Cwvt.. 0; ording
do, $5,509.00; Inferior do.
\—Firat quality. €50,00@90.00; ordinas
Om Doe aboot 5 inferior ‘do. Lo re
Cows axp Cat
do, 810G50;
@,00,
€; oninary do,
do, bos fine area
No Laves— Prime quality, @ head, 85,00 :
orale?) do, $LOXG4,75 common do, 93,504.00; perc
0),
Y=! Firat quality, 6Y@7 1-60; other qualities, 6KE6K0.
OAMBRIDGR, July 27,—At market 1,28) cattle, about 1,100
beeves, and 280 siores, conglsting of Working oxen, cows,
aod ane. two and three years old.
A ache ey See ct
5 ses U0; thind
ordinary do. 43.75, Uy
BN—B7H, 1104
yA
; first quality,
do, 99,00G0,00;
WorkKING
Oows anv
PHILADELPHIA, July 27.—Th
ply of beef cattle at the two prio
Week, the offerngs amounting to
‘unusual oumber for this season of the
to reduce the price about 4c Fm Tt
to good cattle varied from $8,5)@9.60a! ms,
Sttger—The supple of sheeo was not so good as for some
weeks previously, the offerings amounting to only 4.100
head, most of which were gold at from Made, ne A larso
Her aamore sheep were nol, to grazers ted 10 680
(003—The offerinus of hogs only amounted to 90 hea
/ aig hon, reve sold nl ear Hib Bs
lows—There Ja no change In this murket, but few cows
Deing offered, and fio’ many of the it eee ality.
were sold at. from 918 to €69, according to quality and
condition.
BRIGHTON, July 98 —At market, 1100 beeves, 200 stor
4,000 sheep and lamba, and \ydsmine, a} hed
R Tue Extra, #8. 35@00.00; fist allt, 88,00
00. second quality, A uality, $5,50@0,00, “i
Wonrkina Oxes—8100@18), aaa
Mitcu Cows—839@ 15; common, $19@20,
VEAL CaLves—83.00, 5,00@7,00.
Srores—Yenrlings, none; two years old, $22@27; three
years old, $2333,
Hipes—74@fe @ h. Calf skins, 12@1%¢ Hp.
TaLLow—Sales at 7@7Kc B th,
Suvep axp Lanpy—#1,50@1,70; extra, $2,50@3,50.
fat hogs, 630.
Pevts—2@ io enc a
The Wool Markets.
Swive—Spring pigs, 64
NEW YORK, July 2&—Native fleece is in fair request at
full prices; sulvs of 179,000 tts. at 87 4@ {lc for quarter blood:
47@ 1c for balf to three quarter. and 55@58c for full blood
and choice Saxony. Pulled is in moderate request at
Steady rates; sales of 35,00) ta. at 80@4Xo, as to quality,
Foreign is in good supply, and is less active, but prices are
Without essential chauge, We quote:
Am, Saxony fleece, H
Am. full blood Merino
Am. pative and }¢ blood Meri
Extra, pulled -
Supertioe. pulled.
ear
1
No. 1, pulled
California, fine, unwashed.
California, common do
Peruvian, washed.
Valparaiso. uowashed
8. Am. common, washed
hed
mertean, un
& Am. Cordova, washed,
Fast India, washed’.
African, unwashed,
African, washed,
Smyrna, unwashed
Smyrna, washed.
Mexican, unwashed .
BOSTON, July 28.—Rather more doing in domestic wool,
and prices are steady. The sules have been 160,000 ths,
fleece and pulled, at prices ranging from 42@55e for fleece.
A lot of coarse Canada sold at asc. In forelea the sales
comprise 100 to 600 bales Cape, Meatizo, Rust Indian and
Mediterranean at yarlous prices, as to quality.
Sax. and Mer,, fine. Western uixed .......98@98
Smyrna, washed ©.2)./17@40
Do. anwashed. 4 @19
N@s8
Syrian
2460
9@17
Buenos Ayres. aes
Peruvian, washed, ....25@32
it prices fully maintained.
"8
Do. superfine
Do. No.1.
Do. No. 2..... .
CHICAGO, July 80 —Quiet,
The following are the closi
Fi.nece—Common native, quarter blood, 89@330;
half blood, 3i@s6c; three quurter blood, B7@a%c; full
bloed, 42@41c; full blood Saxony, 41@46.
PoLtep—No. 1, 20@25; superline, sv@35; extra, 35@40;
double extra, 40@42,—Democrat.
CLEVELAND, July 28.—Receipts falling off. The follow-
ing quotati are rpaia by the principal dealers in this
Native and common, @ Ib,, 8083; quarter blood,
80@36; half blood, 8o@8S; three quarter blood, 40@42; full
blood, 44@43; fancy clip, 50@55.
TORONTO, July 30,—Wool comes in slawly and in small
lots. It brings from 134d to 184% mm. for the best, Sheep
skins 2s each, Beef hides 86,60 ¥ 100 Ins.
h
Marriages.
Iw Penfield, on the 2th of June. by the Rev. Tuowas |
Tousey, HENRY W. NORMAN, of Valatie, Columbia Co,,
and Miss REBECCA WOOD, of this city,
— ——
Advertisements.
Terms of Advertising.—Twenty-Five Cents a Line, each
Insertion, SrecrAL Norices —following reading matter, and
leaded —Fifty Genta a Line, each insertion, iy ADVYANCE.—
si
yenra bus proved Maelf superior in pulncof sl uullelty eee
Effictency to anything in tue market, fs now ready for the , ev:
are no Agents,
tory early for a
kere ws (rom Sloches dismeter and 4 feet long,
largest of Strawnerries, sweet Ane favor, $4 per 100,
$12 per 1.000. Bcliose, Glob. ret, Imorrial Scarlet,
Ladies’ Pine, Malvina Uriump) tera Queen, 2 per 1X,
ot
How,
Per 1,000. genny Lind, Hooker,
inate; Scarlet Meltin
Prosific, Suprema, Tciumphant Scarlet, and Wy
ber 100.
tive Outalogue of 110 varieties, with culture,
C
Clink en.
WED)
Weeks—its Mt
teen weelis—its Spring and Summer Term Aoril tth,
continugs thirteen weeks. There are two Devartments—
Male aod Female.
Professor N.
Miss H. M. Pankaunst is Princ
meot
been gecured: and the T
e entire course of the most thorough Academic Educa-
tion, Classical, Mathematical and Scientific.
mentof the School, fo
be sirictly paternal, and the respective Princip:
ards of the two deonrtments will endeavor to make each a
healthy, comfortable, safe and happy Homa.
Cis
introduce in Cayuga Oo,, has been thoroughly
years, and lias i
piven Ita fair tn
age connected with draining.
a
not one has been known to break to our knowledge,
60n of ordinary akill
well for either purpose,
reach of any farme:
eye it,
number of these Plows for $10 each, and we were denied the
privilege of advertising in that naper by Mr. Tucker, be-
cause it oterfered with Mr. T,’s interest,
atmy Farm on Grand Island, near Buffalo, I will sell my
entire herd of thorough-bred Devon Catu
upwards of 80 Cows, Heifers, Bulls, and Bull and Helfer
alves,
Down Ewes and
Breeding Ewes of Cotswold and South-Down crosses—the
best class of Mutron Shee
young white Breeding Sows,
are purchasers to
stock breeding altogeth
and on gums over 8100, a year's credit will be
proved notes, with interest; or a liberal
ma
the Railroad Stations in
da. or at the Steambou'
wanting them.
tween Lower Black Rock and the Farm on the day of sale.
The Stock can be seen at any time RD
“bi
For eflicucy and agreeableness, itis without an equal.
=
salutary
fearful of losing it eatirely, ‘The skin u
came gradually more and more inflamed, so |
not touch it without pain. ‘This Irritated condition Lattrib-
uted to the use of various advertised balr washes, which I
haye since been told contein camphene spirit.
and irritation; in three or four days the redness and ten-
derness disappeared—the hair ceased to fall, and I
now &
ed by all who have used {t, to be the best and cheapest
Hair Dressing in Vis World.
CKOK’S PATENT
CIDER AND WINE MILL
H'
This sterling Machine, which from the test of sey;
PORT
ABLE
apole harvest of 13
Iv is made ff possible better than ever, and where there
rimers will do well tosend to the manufic.
We also make latwe tron oress
finches
eter 00 8 feet long, at reasonanle orices. Address
are W. 0. HAOKUR, Basle Work!
500.9
Harrisbureh, Pa,
REMIUM STRAWBERRIES. —vM. R. PRINCE
& CV., Flushing. N. Y,— Prince's Scarlet Magnate, the
ronlar,
Wilson's Albany, Bui Grimson Ovus, Hod.
sy Scarlet, Genesee, “Avoy’s Superior and
Moramensing, Orange Prolific, Rival Hudson, Scarlet
Walker, Longwortu’s Prolific. nll 1 per 100, 81 to as
aren, Peabudy, Pri
Iplue Red and White #150 per 100.
Le Baron, Imperial Crimson, Scarlet
romine,
Descrip-
B00 Lt
one,
lem, Glen Albi
Packet well aud receipt forwurded, wit!
Ik
GREAT coUR
We have or f the greatert curiosities aad most valnabio
nigns inthe fr ile ee! ‘agents
shere. lars ae FREE.
WO eo eee BAe CLA R lilddeford, Maine.
E_PWARds suiversk macuine
APEST, SIMPL ND BEST
s: LEST A)
the only cue culling @ perfect Shinale with
Single Horse Power. Cor §,000 Shingles
Per Hour, and nt 8!
2,000 per Hour pee oh eurelled a
{Beowrtt Chittenange,
Bese Syracuse.
8. TENT
* Rochester,
TENTS AND FLAGS to Red
Pairs “Military Encampmenta,
ings ke., ko
Having the entire stock of
Wittiaws with several uew ones
to Gi! all orders the public may feel pl
Tents and Flags of every Gescri pt
Address JAMES PIFUI
Box 701, Bochester, N. ¥.
AND cTony,
for Agricaltaral
Camp Mec
‘owned by Ri (
Taare
to order.
7m
>
LIVPON LIBERAL INS PITOLE.—This Institu-
ton, sitnated in the beautiful aad hea village of
Oneida County, commences tts Fall Terin on
DAY. SEPTEMHEL 7th, and coniinues fourteen
inter ‘Term Junanry 4th, and continues &
—In separate and commodious buildings.
Wire, A. M.. is Principal of the Mule, and
‘ipal of the Remale Deoart-
of experienced Teachers bas
tution is deaigned to embrace
‘An excellent co
The govern-
both deoartments, thong firm. will
alsand Stee
The expenses, includiag Board, Lodging, Room-rent,
ashing, Furl. Lights, »nd Tuition in the common branche
Will be only from #45 to #50 per term. ee
Bor further penannars, see Circulars, or inquire of th
rincioals in Oliaton, “7
it
August 1, 1859,
RAINS REDUCED TO
OF CUTTING
THAN ONE-IIALP.
DRAINING AND SUBSOIL PLOW.
This Plow which we were the first to manufacture and
ted for two
roved, and is pronounced by all who have
‘al, to he the most valuable luyention of the
Tt has been proved co possess the following advantages:
Int. Itsaves more thin one-half of the expense of ditch-
‘on all tenacious goi!a,
Ivis durable. Tthas been putto the severest test, and
Sd, [tis simple in its construction and operation; any per-
can manage it,
4th. It is an excellent SUBSOIL PLOW; it answers equally
It is cheap; price only $7,! placing it within the
c
6th. Itis not patented, therefore there can be no monop-
ir. Taomas, editor of the Mo. Gentes has sold alarge
To manufacti
ernasetof Putlerna dn? Plow complete,
pith a 5.
A liberal discount to dealers, Sent
onreceipt of price. Circular senton
ALDEN & Co,, Aubura, N. Y.
UBLIC SALE OF DEVON CATTLE AND
SOUTH-DOWN SHEEP.
On WEDNESDAY, 7th September next. at 10 o'clock A.M.,
consisting of
T will also sell at the same time 100 thorough-bred South-
Rams. Also, 100 or more choice grade
Also, haif a dozen superior
The sale will be postive, and without reserve, if there
buy the Stock, as I am going out of
r.
Terms:—On sums over #50, and up to $100, six months;
given, on ap-
unt will be
ed to the purchasers at cither of
fufalo, Black Rock, or Tonawan-
in Buffalo, if required.
ja‘le for cash.
The Stock will be deli
A Steam Ferry Boat will cross the river every hour be-
calling at
tous by
VIS FP. ALL
Sul.
residence, EW
lack Rock, N, Y,, August 1, 1859,
URNSETT’S COCOAINE.
BuUBRNSTT’sS COcOAINE.
BURNETT'S COCOAINE,
A compound of Cocoa-nut Oil. &c,, for dressing the Hair,
It prevents the Hair from falling o}
Tt promotes its healthy and vigorous growth.
Tt ix not greasy or sticky.
Tt leaves no disagreeable odor.
It softena the hair when hard. and dry,
Tt sonthes the irritated scalp skin,
It affords the richest lustre.
Tt remains longest in effect,
Tt costs fifty cents for a half pint bottle
BURNETT'S COCOAINE.
BURNET?’S COCOAIN
BURNETT'S COCOAINE.
TESTIMONIAL,
Boston, July 19, 1857,
J. Boxxert & Co.—I cannot refuse to state the
lutary effect in my own aggravated case, of your excel-
lent Hair Oil—(Cocoaine.)
For many months my halr had been falling off, until I was
pon my head be-
80 that [ could
Mes
By the adyice of my physician. to whom you had shown
‘our process of purifying the Oil, T commenced its nse the
fast week in June. ‘The first apptlcation allayed the itching
havi
hick growth of new hatr. I trust that others, simix
arly aflicted, willbe induced to try the same remedy.
Yours, very truly,
SUSAN R. POPE.
BURNETT'S COCOAINE,
BURNETT’S COCOAIN
BURNETT'S COCOAINE,
A single application renders the hair, (no matter bow
tiff and dry.) soft and glossy for several days. Itis conced.
Prepared by JOSEPH BURNETT & CO., Boston,
ORTABLE STEAM ENGINES
Fe uasoracronp ar SOWARRS
baa Ts ep & OO., Eaton, N. ¥.,
izes and of the most red design: made
ie best cantertaly and tn aerlee wie cer aa made of
Orders for Steam Englues will he Giled on short neon,
Any persons Interested or wishing am Power, by
closing « stantp to our address, be furnished
a Circular,
s
2
A. N. Wo
2
—RATHBUN &
ood
Si Bidder
of Yoske
think Pacing. and Builds
&o. They
provements generully, at home
lers on. ahurt notice. afldremed to
Wat W. Wairwonn
i, Bridge, Rochester, ag
Wit CARSON, Agent,
MANN Y’sS COMBINED
RBAPBR AND MOws
>
‘TONE VARDS_FOR WHIT-
MORE. have alwi
‘Tuomas RaTHa0N, Bul
to the subscriber, Fitehugh
Sire .
lic that he continnes
d pledges himself to
ain its former repue
‘et introdu and
the first,
tant trial at
chest Lonorwut the ereat
ys and aoa oe
‘outwith more an
ao ever before, ee
‘com
establied i z
machine, an
successful that there
leading and moet
leading and mx
of farmers In the
“Warranted capable of cutting from 10 to 16 acres of grasa
or grain per dayy in a workmanlike manner, 4
Price of Machine as heretofore, varies acco to width
ofgpt and J adaptation lo slzé and streneth ta diferent
sections o} 8 country, io to @15 elivered here on
the TER A. WOOD,
cara. WAI
Manofacturer and Proprietor, Hoosick Falla, N, ¥,
BENNETT GRAY, Brockport,
WM. HENRY HARMON, Scottsville,
. Agents for Monroe County, N. ¥.
oop’s MOwWHBR.—
Patented February 22d, 1859.
During the alx years I have been engaged in the manufac-
fore of the Manny Combined Reaper and Mower, I have
pe much thought and attention to the construction of what
foresaw would be agreat wantof the Farmere—s Ushio
and cheaper macilne expressly for mowing, than yet
been made,
after the most thorough and repeated e:
Acceptabl
And no) xperi-
gacala and as i every vartety of fe and iy all ndeand
every condition of «raas, I am prepared, with eo}
dence, fo oller to the tarmers and dealers af the Oy
States, the great desideratum in this depi ent of icul-
tural labor-saving machines—a Mower, ‘In its capac
ity for good work to any hitherto In “easy draft,
me = -
ht, cheep, and durable.
serge tine Late ter aa ray a
special want of farmera, and to place with!
a Mower that for practical working, a
{ build Two-Horse and One-Ho
Home Mower welsba 425 s., and cu
(or raore if specially ordered’) ‘The One-Horse Mower:
} mg Ieas, (395 Ms..) and cuts aswath three and a
wide. <
For a more full description of the Mower, reference lsmade
to my Pamphlets, which will be furnished on application.—
With each machine will be furnished two extra kuarda, two
extra xections, one wrench and oll ean.
acres of grass per day In
Warranted capable of cutting ten
a workmanlike manner.
Price of Two-Horse Mower.
ke One-Horse Mower
Delivered here on the cars.
Wit HENHY HARMON Sebttevi
‘Axenla for Monroe County, N. ¥.
FArRProrr CHEMICAL WORKS,
D. B. DeLAND,
Acknomletring the favor and patronage which have been
bestowed upon him by the Trade and others, since the com-
mencement of his enterprise, respectfully {aforms his pa-
trons and the public generally, that with greatly increased
facilities he continues to manufacture a superior article of
SALERATUS, PURE CREAM TARTAR, BI OAR-
BONATE OF SODA, SAL SODA, ee.
‘The above articles will be sold In all varieties of packages,
at as low prices as they are afferded by any other manufac-
turer, ‘ond in every cuse warranted pure und of superior
quulity, Orders respectfully solicited and promptly filled,
(ee Consumers of Saleratua, Cream Tartar, an
bonate of Soda ehonid be careful to purchase that having
the name of D, B, DuLanp on the wrapper, as they will thus
Obtain a pure article,
Falrport, Monroe Co, Ne Asawotf
EW SCALE
i -Oar-
Boanoman, 6 & CO's N
PIANO FORTES i
in Musical Qualities and Mechen! and pave
Pertcet TBalent Teapeovemenigausediiutared Iramitticiey
Corrugated Sounding Boord, d&c., making them the best
and gost durable Pianos in the World, :
All sizes from 6 to 754 octaves, and ail prices from #125 to
9800, according to size and finish, will be sold at very low
brices for Cash. and perfect satisfaction guaranteed,
Hlustrated Price Lists and Olrculars furnished op applica-
tion. Please call and examine them at our
MUSIO HALL!
468 ond 470 Broadway, Albany, N. ¥.
For sale by dealers generally, at 0 cents aboitle. 600-2b
(27 The circulation of the RonAL New-Yorken far excceds
that of any similar journal in America or Kurope, rendering
it altogether the best Advertising Medium of {ts class, “|
huyler County
30,000 Isabella
RAPE VINES.—For sale, at, the
iG General nrearless sarin is yi 80.8
rape Vines, 20, Catawba do,; 5, infon do.
uly 29, 1869. FBoo. bt M.D, FREER & CO.
YEACHER,—A Yoong Man who bas had experience as
a Civil Engineer and Surveyor, and also as a Teacher,
wishes to engage as Teacher of Mathematics and the Natu:
ral Sciences, or French, in some respectanle Institution.
Best of references given, Address - PETERS,
500-4t Darlen, Genesee Co., N.Y.
8c!
it
book is recelved and approved of.
the pri: ts. Apply, giving Post-Office, County, anc
Baier te SAD oeme. ADP BI OR CO. z
50
better than all other similar agencies, Send,
Bel. 70 pages particu
LACK HAWK HORSE “ LIVE YANKS”
found at all times, For terms, see
ITH & SPAULDING, ror elars,
will make the jon of 1859 atthe Stable of MEIGS
BaILEY, 24 miles of West Henrietta. Monroe Oo,,
N. Y., where he
SSS a
VALUABLE BOOK FOR INVALIDS.
A
read, and approved of. If not ppproved, no charge,
Sent by mail, and not to ge pald for until received,
Dr. SamckL 8, Fitch's “Six Lectures” on the Causes,
Prevention, and Oure of Diseases of the Lungs, Throat,
Heart, Stomac!
Complaints, an ;
Life, and the true method of curing these diseases, and pre-
serving life and health to old
with 2) illustrations, bound.
posteaia. to any address that may be sent us, and the price,
Dowels, Liver, Kidneys, Skin, etc., Female
Chronic diseases generally; on the Lawa of
ge. A volume of $15 pages,
We will forward a copy of it,
be remitted (in stamps or otherwise) after the
cents, m:
Tf remitted in advan
714 Broadway, New York.
AGENTS WANTED—To sell 4
tions, Agents have made over 825,000
stamps and
jars, eratls.
EPHRAIM BROWN, Lavell, Masa,
M4== TouR OWN SOAP
Saronifrrifbas:
Of
PURE CONCENTRATED POTASH,
Warranted double the strensth of ordinary Po
pesos. will make twelve eallons R004 strong Som
1
ime and with little trouble. Manufactured an
24 and 6M. cans, in lumps, with directions, #
LENGE Cuemicat Works, New York. z
E.R. DURI & CO,,
181 Pear! strech N. ¥,, Proprietors.
600-256
canvass
Sold everywhere.
IN THIS STADE
AGNES WANT Riva. Sells revidiy
.. sand stamp. °
Briar” FOr terms. kee oe GVLLITTEN, Lowel, Masa
i
4 ee BEST
Ts Manufactured by the Subsertbers at Macedon, N. Y.
Tels
kinds ot Seed, from
Beans, either Broadcast,
description of Concent
6 | Pennsylvania. Sanoupwet aint
oon: No, 16 Broadway, NewYork, ~
GRAIN DRILL IN
AMERICA!
arranged as to Sow or Plant, with equal facility, all
ie sina Ce
ine,
hes, Gi
Cuts an
c.
ven in late number of the
Macedon, N. Y,
H oMmM=Es
FOR ALL!
FOR SALE, =
"FAR! LANDS tn
At @1,25 per Acre, scone PARMTNG.
eyes Stands in Sullivan = ; canis
saoggp
to the Asenicas
ASwelf BOARDMAN, @RAY & 00.
B24 «& PERRINS’ CELEBRATED
WORCESTERSHIRE SAUCE,
PRONOUNCED BY EXTRACT
« of a Letter from @
WEDICAL GENTLEMAN,
AT MADRAB,
To his Brother
AT WORCESTER.
Ny,
Connolsseura
TO BE THe
Only Good Sauce,
OF DISH.
p=TENSIVES FRAUDS.
the only Medal awarded by the Jury of the Nem York Ex
hibition for Foreikn Sauces, was obtained by Lea & Punaixa
for their Worcestershire Bauce. The world-wide fame of
which having led to numerous Morgeries, purchasers are
ed to see that the names of Lea & PeRRINe are upon
ppor, Label, Stopper "Bottle.
ceed ny, one Infringing,
Rapes Sane a
08 Di ol 1
its. Bole Wholesale
ys in
shipment from Engl
AMESON AND ENSIGN, ATTORAKY
J COUNSELLORS aT Wome. MeN tok
(over Lockport Market.) Lockport, Ni 1. ¥
lands foraaieor exehanze
rpc rae ae
ir real property
A. H. Jameson, a moane bay ef et
,, New York.
ved for direct
wae 450-eowly
Poultry,
Winter on
Pastares
iis Hol
‘beat of Hi d Meal, and fo Suxuner oo rich
and Meal only uot. A. STETSON.
00
gin’? Bo.
oun PAG)
. .
* . ‘MOORE'S’ RURAL NEW-YORKER, |
"
vA"
RUE. 6. a
hi meer rt
ityet; the smart has never for a moment left me, | are twenty dollars now, and the same sball be .,
but burns upon my face just as hatred for bim id you every month that you are silent. No Advertisements,
burns upon my heart!” ‘ [Baan creature must know that I am living’ I
“Ob, er cried Rosawoxp, as the! saw by the kindling of her eye at sight of the gold
3 (ome
THERE'S WORK ENOUGE TO Do. dent, and she urged an immediate union. Butl
persisted in writing to my father, who answered
immediately, forbidding me think of young
Dontap,—ordering me to go itmmediately home,
‘Time blackbird early loaves ile ress
To meet the smiling morn,
; HB BEST BUSIn.
So a a ee aca and snying he always intended mo for Jomw Car | fornier grounflber eeth tether, “don’t look ap} sat 1 was aafo, and when the nightahadowa were | “Paxsood andere Sedauupteccn Me
ae wings ils way rLEWweLL, a neighbor of ours,—a millionaire,—aj terribly, You frighten me. Ie struck you, but ig [stole from her cabin, and taking a cireui- | RODNEY, Box 774 Syracuse P.O, N.Y ore
of varied hue, booby,—a foot,—whom I hated as I did poison he asked your pardon, sure?”
- Toute to avoid observation, I reached the rail- 588,504 YEAR PAYS FOR Bo,
Se servant, who dared not tell if I bade her be silent,
THE YOUTHFUL ERROR, | the bincke tnew nothing of ovr marringe, and
d ——_— though we lived together as man and wife, so skill-
~ A TALE OF RIVERSIDE. fully did Mrs. Le Vent and Esrner, her white
‘ — domestic, manage the matter, that for a time our
t BY MRS. MARY J. HOLMES. secret was safely kept. A few ofthe negroes dis-
“[Oontinued nee, Tatnumber.) covered it ere I left; but as they always lived in
~~ that out-of-the-way place, it never followed me, and
. ref Chapter X.—The Story. to this day no human being in Florida, save Uncle
My home,” began Miss Porrer, “is, as you | Berrraw, knows of the marriage.
know, in Florida. Tam on only child, aswereboth | «J am very impulsive, and the excitement being
my parents, so that I have now living no nearer | over, my affection began to cool. Rrcmanp could
relative than a great uncle, a superannuated cler- | have kept it alive had he tried, but he did not. On
gyman, who superintends my affairs, and who in the contrary he was much alone, and when with
gase Tdie before he does, which is very probable, | me was always tormenting me with conscientious
‘| Will be heir to my possessions. scruples aboyt deceiving ‘the old man.’””
“Tt is now nearly ten years since my father] ‘Oh, I like him for that,” cried Rosamonn, “I
i started for Europe, and I went to an adjoining | like him for that. Why didn’t yon let him tell?”
State to visit a widow lady, whom I had met in “Because,” returned Miss Porter, “I had fears
New Orleans the winter previous. It is not neces- | that father would disinherit me, and if Ricuarp
sary that I should use real names, consequently I | lost Sunnyside, we should be poor indeed.”
will call her Mrs, Le Vert. Shewasspending the} A shadow passed over Rosamon’s face, and she
summer on her plantation, at what she called her | said involuntarily, “I could be happy with Mr.
countryseat. Itwasalarge, old-fashioned, wooden | Brownie if we were poor.”
building, many miles from any neighbors, and| Manze started and answered quickly, “ What
here she lived alone—for her only son, alad twelve | has Mr. Browning to do with my story ?”
Years of age, was at some northern school. At “Nothing, nothing,” returned Rosasonn, “only
first I was very lonely, for the secluded life we led | I was thinking that if you loved Ricnarp as well
at Holly Grove was hardly in accordance with the | as I do Mr. Brows1no, you would not haye cared
taste of a young girl. SI did not mind it as | for money.” .
much os some, for I cared but little for gentlemen's | ‘But I didn’t,” returned Mani. “I was mis-
~ Society, and had frequently declared that I should | taken. ‘Twas a mere childish fancy. I never
never marry, loved him. J hate him now.”
“Towards the last of July, Mrs. Le Verr's She spoke vehemently, and when Rosasonp said
brother came to visit her. He was a handsome, | mournfully, ‘Hate your husband!” she replied,
boyish-looking youth, six months older than my- | “Yes, more than /ia¢e, or I had never come to tell
self,—just out of college,—full of life and very fond | you this; butlisten,—from indifference we came to
of pretty girls, particularly if they chanced to be | coldness,—from coldness to recriminatio |) — from
wealthy.” e that to harsh words,—from harsh words to quar-
“That's o little like Bex,” said Rosawoxp, and | rels—and from quarrels to 2) 71
_ Miss Ponrer continued. She uttered the last word slowly, while Rosa-
“From the first, Mrs. Le Verr scemed deter- | sox exclaimed, “Not d/ows, Miss Porter! No
| match between us, for her brother | man would strike a woman, / almost hate him,
fancied it would be a fine idea to | now.” :
estate come into the Duyzar| The proud lip curled scornfully,—a gleam of sat-
hrew us constantly together,— | isfaction shot from the keen black eyes, and Marie
me tohim and of him tome, until I really | wenton, ‘He would say,—nay does say / asthe
believe Lliked him. He, on the contrary, | most to blame,—that I aggravated him beyond
yz but my money. Still he deemed | human endurance,—but he provoked me to it.
OR,
WALKING IN THE LIGHT.
BY LUCY, ELLEN ¥
elected,
best auall
40 fi
€ SON,
Albany, N.Y,
iy:
talked of
TKD
ume a show of affection, and one | Think of his swearing at me, Rosaxoxp,—calling | than that from which we had embarked, and near | covering her face with her s, she moaned, “I | agricultural, Lit id Family Weekly,
€d to me of love quite eloquently. Thad | me aste-denil and all that. Think, too, of his tel-| to a dilapidated cabin where lived a weird oldhug, | have killed them both, and there's nothing left 18 ron ¥ SATURDAY
m to a dinner party that day and worn all my
ling me to my face that he was driven into the mar-
diamonds, He had never seen them before, and
riage wholly by his sister,—that he regretted it
~ Abey must have inflamed his ayarice, for I after-| more than I, and to crown all, think of his boxing
wards heard him tell his sister that henever should | sy cars abe, & poor, insignificant Northern
have Proposed if I had not looked so beautifully puppy, boxing me—a Pontsr, and a Southern
that night, «Zicas irresistible in my diamonds,’ he | heiress!”
said. 2 She was terribly excited, and Rosanonn, gazing
at her face, distorted with malignant passion, be-
who earned a scanty livelihood by fortune-telling. | for me now but to die!” [Concluded next week.]
I told her I was sick, and sat down by her door
where I could watch the movements of the party.| Inrortaxt ro Dyery Oxg.—Wxercise for the
Suddenly a terrific thunder-storm arose, the wind | body, occupation for th ind—these are the
blew a hurricane, and though the boat rode the | grand constituents of health and happiness, the
billows bravely for a time, it capsized at length, | eardinal points. upon which everything tarns.—
and its precious freight disappeared benenth the | Motion seems to be a great preserving princi ple of
foaming waves, For a moment horror chilled my | nature, to which even inanimate things are sub-
BY D. D. T. MOORE, ROCHESTER, N. Y.
fico, Union Buildings, Oppostt ete Court House, Bufhlo St,
TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
Two Dollars a Year—8i for six months To Clubs
and Agents as follows :—Three Coples one year, for #5; Six.
and one free to club agent, for #10; Ten, and 000 free, for
Sixteen, and one free, for #22; Twenty, ye a
#95; Thirty-two, and two free for #0, (or Thirty for
“Miss Pontus pause
effect of ier ast rnc
gan to fancy that the greater wrong might perhaps | blood ;—then, swift as the lightning which leaped | ject; for the winds, waves, the earth itself, are fe rate —only 1,25
o¥er her shoulder have Iain with her. from the cloud overhanging the graves of my Tate waillaas, and the waving of trees, shrubs, and nm RS eS ct Ben Rokeenias
a 1 After a moment's pause, Manre began again. companions, a maddening thonght flashed upon | flowers is known to be an essential part of their A Club papers sent to different Postoflices, If de-
oN oon. You | “When we had been three months man and wife, | my mind.” economy. A fixed rule of taking several hours’ | ea, "Aa wo pre-pay American cre Ne ret said
, Did you con- | he wrote to,the old man, confessing his marriage,} “But the girl—hasten to that part,” said Rosa- | exercise every day, if possible in the open air, if the British Provinces oar Otnnt ites of the Ronat.—
and saying sundry things not wholly complimen- ifting up her bead, while Miss Ponren went | not, under cover, will be almost certain to se 1a 1935 eee Da sent to Europe, &¢,, 1s only #2,-
Miss Porrer, “for | tary to bis bride; but I intercepted it, read it, chair, an exemption from disease, as well as from the pe donee 2 erty "
SraHiis rasclter & + L loved him. I] tore it up, an him with it, I believe I ill come to her soon enough,” returned | tacks of low spirits, or ennui, that monster wl oe crauuunra —Twenty-Five Cents a Line, each Inser- ;
sure, but h
ja wait until be was of ge ‘Mhis vist
not suit bis ambitious sister
cit fi
called him a low-li ‘ankee, or something like
that, and then it was he struck me, The blow
ul, It was an insult, an
mntinuing her story. ‘No living | ever waylaying the rich and indolent,
id woman at my side, knew of my ~ yad
could bribe her easily. Fortunately | Hx that is good will infullibly become better, nat seer ee ie
‘ost of my money about my person, | he that is bad, will certainly become worse; for | ‘
ond I to her, ‘There are reasons why, for a | vice, virtue and time are three things that never | ¢, { this State, and 6) cents to any other Bala ft
time at least, I wish to be considered dead. Here | stand still —Colton, : ria advance at the post-office where recelve
<
(area advance, ur rule Is to glveno advert
= a very brief, mi ‘than six to eight consecutlye
sat &e,, gape advertised Ia
4
4
§
TWO DOLLARS A YEAR]
“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.”
[SINGLE NO. FOUR CENTS,
VOL. X. NO. 33.
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
s AM OnIGINAL WERELY
BURAT, LITKRARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE,
‘With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors.
TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
wo Dollara oa Yenr—8! for six months, To Clubs
amd Agents as followa:—Three Coples one year, for #5; Six,
and one free to club agent, for #10; Ten, and one free, for
415; Sixteen, and one free, for #22; Twenty, and one free,
for @26; Thirty-two, and two fren, for #40, (or Thirty for
#07,50,) apd any greater number at same rate—only #1,25
per copy —with an extra copy for every Ten Subscribers
over Thirty, Club papers sent to different Post-offices, if de-
sired, ‘© pre-pay American postage on papers ecnt to
‘the British Provinces, our Canadian agents and friends must
add 12} cents per copy to the club rates of the Rurat.—
‘The lowest price of copies gent to Europe, &c., is only $2,-
—Including postage.
{27 All communications, and business letters, should be
addressed to D. D. T. MOORE, Rochester, N.
THE SEASON AND CROPS,
For several weeks the weather His beer wan)
with frequent, often heavy showers. Wheat, rye
and barley has been harvested in good condition,
for although the rains have been so frequent we
have bad enovgh of fair sunshine to enable the
farmer to secure these crops withont injury—
Bright sunshine and clonds and rains have follow-
ed ench other in quick succession—the day which
commenced clear, with a prospect of a “dry
spell,” would meet with a change before noon, and
the rain descend with the greatest impetuosity,
causing the farmerto conclude that all work for
the day was over—but in an hour all would be
bright, the moisture goon evaporated by the sun
and wind, and work be resumed with increased
energy. We hear of no complaints of injury—no
‘one even whispers of grown wheat,
Oars, we perceive, are rapidly ripening, and the
erop will be at Icast fair, while many fields that
we have noticed in our travels will give more than
an ordinary yield. The Bean is becoming a fayor-
ite crop in many sections, and it is not uncommon
to sce fields of ten or even twenty acres. When
ripened early, so us to be secured before the fall
rains, they are quite profitable, but they are casily
injured, and few lots entirely escape that are har-
vested during a wet time in thefall. Most farmers
we find have suffered in this respect. As we have
been personally applied to for information, we will
give a few facts, Ibis necessary to have the crop
secured bofore there is danger of frost, and if the
beans are fully formed it is sometimes wise to
house them without waiting for further ripening.
When the season, however, is favorable, they
should be allowed to remain until the latest pods
are turned to a yellow color. Then pull them up,
Jay in small heaps to dry, and thresh as soon as
dry enough, This is all well, and can be done
very easily if the weather is warm and dry. If,
however, cold rains should be the ordor of the day,
the harvesting will be much more difficult, The
Practice of some is to collect them in stacks
around stakes, with the roots in the centre. Here,
if sufficiently ripened, and the weather is not too
wel, they will cure without a great loss; but in
Yery unfavorable seasons, we have secn them
ROCHESTER, N. ¥.—FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, AUGUST 13, 1859.
pressed fears that the wet weather will induce rot,
but of this we observe not the slightest sign. The
tops never looked more healthy and vigorous, and
We confidently anticipate an abundant crop of
healthy tubers. Two, or even three weeks of dry
weather would not result in injury. What would
be the result of continued rains, of course we can-
not say, but we see no cause for mournful fore-
bodings. Thus far, all is well.
Eyeryihing but the grass crop has given, or
promises to give, an abundant harvest. On this
point great caution will be necessary, or many of
our farmers will find themselves unprepared for
the coming winter. To purchase hay at present
prices, or at the prices which will be likely to rule
the coming winter, will be an unprofitable opera-
tion. The profits of a good wheat or oat crop may
be rapidly dispersed in the purchase of feed for
cattle. Care in housing straw, stalks, and all
coarse fodder is now more than ever necessary,
and we notice many vacant spots on almost every
farm where, even at this late day, we would put in
alittle turnip seed, If the weather should con-
tinue moist a fine crop may be secured, that will
bea great help to the cattle and the farmer's pocket
in the winter.
-+e+
WHEAT GROWING.—THE OTHER SIDE.
Ens. Runt :—The opinion is getting to be very
general among farmers that they can grow wheat
again as well as ever. The assertion of a worthy
former, a few days ago, that ‘we can raise wheat
as well now as we could twenty years ago—that
we might ag well raise wheat os rye—and that
there was no good reason why we could not raise
wheat,”’ is becoming the general opinion of a large
proportion of the farmers of this section. Last
year what little wheat there was sown in this
vicinity did very well. This induced farmers to
sow more last fall, which has madea heavy growth,
and where not injured by the June frost is well
filled; and now, wheat having escaped the midge
two seasons, farmers think the insects have left,
and that we have nothing more to fear from their
ravages.
But let us see if there is no other reason for this
exemption from the midge. Has the season noth-
ing to do with it? It may be remembered that for
several years we had very late, backward springs
—that wheat was very late, not being ready to
harvest until nearly or quite the first of August—
and that in every one of these late seasons the
midge has been yery destructiye—while the last
and present seasons have been much earlier, so
that wheat has been haryested some two or three
weeks earlier than ‘it had for several years before,
Now, in my opinion, this explains the reason of
the midge not troubling the wheat last and this
year.
It is some fifteen years since I moved from the
eastern part of the State into this county, The
midge bad been very destructive for some years
before I left, so that I had some opportunity to see
how they worked. On coming to this section I
found the wheat crop several weeks earlier than it
usually was at the east, so that I believed that the
midge would never be very troublesome in West-
ern New York, for that reason—although I could
not altogether divest my mind of the fear that the
Same weather and season that was necessary to
bring forward and perfect the wheat crop, might
bring out the midge in season to destroy it. As
time wore on and the midge began to appear in
this section, I found that reasons were not want-
ing for both opinions. The midge first made its
appearance here in a few late heads, near the
fences, but increased in numbers and destructive-
ness year after year, until nearly all the wheat
sown was destroyed, not even excepting the Medi-
terranean. At the same time the seasons were
damaged materially, especially if the stacks are
made large, or are allowed to rest on the s0
Place a few inches of ‘straw on the ground tomake
the stack ‘upon,
‘and make it 1 =
Bae argest at the top.
and facilitates the drying.
pata ths the same reason
nds it to his advantage to
‘his hay, but this would not
‘ose Who have plenty of
y occupy every available,
with | sho’
Tooked 2 Son aren ex-
, in some cases it will be |
from the field |.
gradually growing later and later, until about the
time the midge was the worst their backwardness
was the subject of general comment by all classes.
Then also I noticed that as the insects increased in
numbers they made their appearance earlier in the
season each year, until only by sowing early varie-
ties and haying forward seasons, can we reasonably
expect to escape their ravages,
Another thing I have noticed is, that the midge,
m with other insect depredators, is not
as troublesome some years as others. For in-
Stance, in some sections in the eastern part of the
State, where they haye prevailed more or less for
the last twenty-five years, there have been periods
i
of two or three years when the midge has done
little or no damage. Then farmers would take
urage, thinking they had left the country entire-
ly, and sow large fields of wheat only to see them
completely destroyed, there being in many instan-
ees not grain enough left to pay for harvesting —
Messrs. Editors, 1 think there is reason to
& they are not going to be
tronbled any more with this pest, will sow wheat
as Jargely as ever, only sooner or later to meet
with heavy losses and bitter disappointments.
Orleans Co., N. ¥., July, 1959. F
Resanks.—Having discussed the proposition
whether wheat can again be successfully grown in
this and other midge-infested sections, and perhaps
leaned to the bright, hopeful side, we are glad to
receive and publish arguments from practical and
experienced cultivators who take a different view
of the subject, As no picture is perfect without
both light and shade, so few questions can be prop-
erly understood unless both sides are presented—
and full discussion, pro and con, is the best way
to arrive at just and truthful conclusions. Our
correspondent, I’, takes the dark side of the ques-
tion, and his reasons and conclusions are worthy
of consideration. Caution is the parent of safety,
and it is well to look at this matter in all its bear-
ings, and not venture too much upon an uncer-
tainty. In common with many ofthe mostobserving
farmers of this region we are of the opinion that
wheat culture can be safely resumed in this State,
yet would not advise farmers to “sow wheat as
largely as ever,” but rather to exercise caution in
returning to the former great staple. As we said
two weeks ago—after expressing the opinion that
wheat could still besuccessfully and profitably cul-
tivated in this section—“ we do not wish to excite
hopes which may not be realized, and would not
advise those who have changed from wheat grow-
ing to other branches of husbandry in which they
are now succeeding, to return at once or fully to the
former staple. The soil of a large portion of this
State is eminently @@*pied to’ the production of,
wheat, and in some sections—if the enemies of the
crop can be evaded—it will probably long prove
the most remunerative crop that can be grown.
Hence, we believe it advisable for those who own
good wheat soil, and are not profitably engaged in
other branches, to try wheat culture again — return-
ing to it gradually and on a small scale, until
satisfied as to the aqfely and profit of a full resump-
tion.” It must be remembered, that in order to
succeed in wheat culture—against both the midge
and late, unfavorable springs—the soil should be
rich, warm and well cultivated, and the seed of
early varieties and sown early.
‘ a
SEEDING TO GRASS,
H. J.B., of Hector, N. Y¥., says,—'T feel pretty
well used up in the grass seed line.” He is evi-
dently losing confidence. May I be permitted to
say to him that I have confidence, although I feel
a reluctance in presenting my mode, for it will be
odd and unusual, and likely to receive more sneers
and kicks than coppers. Ihave been a cultivator
for eleven years, on a moderate scale—a novice in
the beginning, The first two years I sowed Timo-
thy in March, or first of April, on winter wheat.
It proved pretty much # fuilure, and since then I
have sowed no Timothyseed in the spring. About
that time I got an idea from an agricultural work,
of brining clover seed; I triedit, and for five years
past have sowed nocloyeror Timothy sced without
brining it. My mode of preparing it is, to spread
my seed on a smooth floor three or four inches
thick, sprinkle on strong brine of common salt,
and with a common shovel work it over, add brine
and work it till all is saturated ; spread it to three
or four inches depth, leaye it for six or twelve
hours, or any such time, then add a little more
brine; then on a bushel of seed would mix from
12 quarts to 1¢ bushel of plaster, putting on the
plaster with a seive, a few quarts at atime, and
shovel each parcel till the seed does not adhere in
lumps. You then have nearly twice the bulk and
about double the weight of your drysced. All the
time lost in preparing is doubly gained in sowing.
I sow itm the same mpnner that I do wheat, ex-
cept in the width of cast; I go three times where
I would twice with wheat, and sow it as evenly as
wheat can be sown,
In no instance do I sow over four quarts of
timothy or clover to the acre. I wonld sow clover
on winter grain about the middle of April; with
spring barley, after put in and harrowed, and be-
fore the roller; with oats notatall. Oat stubble
may be seeded successfully with Timothy, if sown
the last of August or first of Sept., immediately
after a rain, and harrowed. If too dry to sow
early, wait and gow about the 20th of November;
it will not then yegetate till spring. The freezings
and thawings and washings will get it into the
ground about right, and it will come out right and
grow safely in the spring, and you will have a fair
crop of grass to mow the first season, though
two or three weeks later than usual, The next
year, if your ground is right, your grass will be
tall, if you have not put on the ground that 8 or
12 quarts of seed to the acre. Sowing Timothy
seed about the last of September or first of Octo-
ber is unsafe; it will vegetate, but its growth will
be too small for a hard winter’s freezing and
thawing. a. 0.
Henrietta, N. ¥., July, 1859.
HOUSE BUILDING.—No. V.
Tur durability of the side walls of a building
always depends, toa certain extent, upon the protec-
tion they receive from the projection of the roof; and
tosupportsuch projectionis the chief practical office
of the cornice, which is otherwise merely decora-
tive. Bach of the several kinds of wood cornices
known by the names of bracket, modillion, box,
drapery or yerge-board, has its own way of per-
forming this practical duty. Unquestionably, the
most bold and ornamental is the bracket, which is
simply, in principle, a brace from the side of the
building to the outer end of the rafter, or a trian-
gular piece of plank fastened to the side of the
building, and which sustains the rest of the cornice,
GABLE BRACKET
EAVE BHACKET
Fic. 1.—Bracket Cornice.
Fig. I illustrates one of the first kind, which
answers a yery good purpose for small buildings
where the projection is from one and a half to two
feet. Such brackets may be made at the rate of
from fifteen to twenty per day bya good mechanic,
and used to a good advantage in renewing cor-
nices on old buildings. One and one-fourth inch
flooring laid on top of the brackets upside down,
serves the double purpose of roof boards and soflit
or plancher.
WHS
KW
\
WN
Fic. 2.—Bracker Cornice.
Fig. II shows one of the second kind, which is
better adapted to cornices of a greater projection,
as it gives support to the entire soffit. The upper
corner is pierced and the lower side cut away to
make it light, yet not weak, and the curve, which
should not exceed one-fourth of a circle, (or half
a gothic arch,) appears very graceful, particularly
when seen from adistance. The lower member or
foot should terminate against the building, and not
finish with a “quirk,” sled-runner fashion, as if it
was designed to slide down the side of the build-
ing. A portion of the upper part of the brackets
should run into the building and fasten to the studs,
or bond timber, and the rest of the cornice be built
upon them, instead of being suspended dangling
from the soffit. It seems that that style of bracket
which not only Zooks as if it supported the projec-
tion, but really does so, and gracefully, and which
is susceptible of any degree of ornamentation, must
be the type of the best brackgé that can ever be
invented; and if so what can the conglomeration
of curves, 0. G.’s and fillets, hollows, rounds and
beads, loaded down with drops, balls and pendants,
devised by American architects and Yankee “ in-
ventive genius,” and pinned up under their cor-
nices with acorn stems, be but absurdities, giving
substantial (or wnsubstantial, rather,) evidence
{WHOLE NO. 501,
that this principle is seldom understood, and still
more seldom allowed to govern? "
The modillion, which is another style of
cornice support, is, or seems to be, timbers project-
ing through or from the wall. They are the best
when made of solid timber, laid into the wall or
fastened to the studding, the first few inches left
full size, and the outer end tapered in some orna-
mental shape, as shown in Fig, IIT.
Fig. 3.— Mopituion Cornice.
The box cornice, which is simply the covering
up of a skeleton work with thin boards, in imita-
tion of some Grecian or other model, is not as good
as the others, as it does not admit of a projection
sufficient to protect i/se// from a driving storm, to
say nothing of the side walls of the building.
CAAA CE
Tic. 4.—Vurce-Boanps,
The verge-board, or drapery, is a device for
strengthening the gable cornice, and when used on
small gables, or dormer windows, is very appropri-
ate and can be made quite ornamental at a small
expense, Fig. IV illustrates different patterns,—
those “at C. D. where the eaves are curved. This
can be cheaply done where a cornice similar to the
one shown in Fig. I is used—the upper part of the
bracket being cutto the propercurve. Itis hardly
possible to make a good looking cornice without a
facia and crown moulding. For the latter a sim-
ple quarter-round cove, or 0. G., with fillets above
and below is better than a compgund moulding, as
something that is bold and shoWs itself plainly is
better than a combination of intricate work, too
small to be seen without the aid of ladder or spy-
glass.
Eave-gutters may be made in the roof over the
plate, in the cornice, or hung up under the ends of
the shingles. The first is the best and cheapest;
the second looks the best, and the last is worst of
all, being unsightly and troublesome,
Valleys can be made tight and durable by using
sepafate sheets of roofing tin bent into the angle
and lnid one above the other with a Jap of about
two inches,—commence at the bottom and nail the
two upper corners only. Shingle down on this
from each way, leaving a space of three or four
inches, which, if kept well painted, will last as long
as the rest of the roof. 7- Bok
Pompey, Onondaga Co., N. ¥., 1852. 4
EE
“ ABOUT HORSES.” -
Messng. Ens. :—On perusing the Runat of July
23d, my attention was arrested by the article
About Horsee,”” and it was read with much pleas-
ure, Not that I fally endorse the writer’s views
or the editor’s comments, but from the fact that the
article in question indicates that some stock grow-
ers in this vicinity are waking up to a subject of
great importance to agriculturists generally in
Western New York—a subject justly entitled to a
space in the columns of all agricultural journals.
And I beg leave to offer for discussion the follow-
ing proposition, viz:—What kind of Stallion,
crossed with the mares of Western New York will
produce the fastest trotters, best roadsters, most
stylish and valuable carriage horses, and most use-
ful stage, cart and farm horses, I have meditated
much on this subject, and it occurs to me that the
mares of this country are comprised of such a
variety of breeds, style and other qualities, that
there is a kind of stullion from which may be pro-
duced f the different kinds of horses enume-
rated in bove question. There is no question
of greater importance to Western New York—none
80 little understood and appreciated, and none on
which there is such a diversity of opinion, and on
which community are so liable to err and be mis-
led —as what kind of stallion is the best to
breed the mares in this vicinity to. And this
sub ect can be introduced and properly discussed,
and a proper criterion established, in no better
way, thao throogh the pages of the Rugar and
other agricultars!ijournals.
I am not an owner or breeder of horses at pres-
ent, henco have no axe to grind, and am not
induced by partiality or fuvoritism in making these
suggestions; but for twenty-five yeare I have paid
much attention to breeding, raising, breaking,
training and marketiog horses, and am pretty well
posted on the borses of this country and their uses
generally—and I hope to see this enbject discussed
on its merits fairly andimpartially. Lam confident
that the question as here presented will be more
beneficial than whether it is more profitable to
breed large horses than small ones, as intimated in
the remarks of yourself and your correspondent,
It would doubtless be bad policy to run entirely
into either or both extremes; and I would suggest
that very large horses, for heavy drays and yery
heavy work, can best be obtained by crossing with
fall blood English Draft or Clydesdale Statlions, and
as but few of this class of horses are reqaired for
the work and markets of this country, they would
* bean exception to the subject submitted for dis-
cussion—becanse this class of large horses, and fast
trotters suitable for the road, and the small, light
horse or pony, cannot all be successfully produced
from the same stock. Small hofses are increasing,
a8 your correspondent remarks, and a portion of
the mares of that class will doubtless be kept for
breeding. From these the demand for small horses
will be fully supplied without breeding from small
stallions of any class or breed.
And now, what kind of stallion sball all the
mares that are now bred from, and such mares as
will probably be bred from in this vicinity for the
next ten or fifteen years, be bred to to produce the
classes of horses mentioned in my question? This
article is much longer than I intended, but I hope
you will not be prevented from publishing it on
that account. Ruear Reaper.
Monroe County, N. Y., 1859,
oe ___
TABLE-LANDS OF EAST TENNESSEE:
LOCATION, SOIL, CLIMATE, FERTILITY, FARMING, &C.
Eps. Ronav New-Yorxer:— Will a farmer's
letter from the Table-Lands of the Cumberland
Mountains be acceptable to Your readers? I have
Seen your excellent paper through the kindness
of a friend, and as I, together with my son, his
family and otbers, removed here from Long
J Island in February last, only, I retain my attach-
j ment to the Empire State,
These Table-Lands are Spproached from tho
East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad and the
Tennessee River, by the daily stage from Loudon,
and youreach the Table, on the eastern brow or
declivity, in a distance of nineteen miles from the
river,—finding a wide-spread, undulating surface,
(with never-fuiling streams of pure water,) car-
peted with a nutritious grass, upon which stock
will feed and fatten without grain or shelter
throughout the entire year. I have never found
in the United States, a place so well adapted to
stock-raising as this range. The timber is of
moderate size—though larger in other counties
than in this (Cumberland)—and at convenient
distances apart. Cumberland is a new county,
and this town (Crossville) is the county seat. You
will find Crossville on old maps, in the north part
of Bledsoe county.
The settler, soon after arriving,
and mark his stock, and turn it out
and prepare his land for grain by girdling the
trees, or deadening them, as it is called, One
man will deaden from one to three acres in a day,
In November the grass is burned, and one horse,
with a simple plow, breaks up the ground, and a
good crop of corn is raised the next year. After
that any kind of grain may be raised, with all
kinds of vegetables. The soil is usually a brown
loam, with some sand and clay intermixed, for
twelve miles around us, where there is no lime-
stone foundation; but upon the limestone forma-
tion the soil has a reddish color, These table
lands are, in general, productive, and when ma-
nured, yield bountifully. Ihave no doubt that we
Shall be able to raise 100 bushels of corn to the
acre, with proper attention, [ never had such
a fine vegetable Barden in 0}
where 1 manured my farms liberally, as I haye
here without manure,
will purchase
on the range,
p natives” here would
not be considered good farmers in your State,
The truth is, they haye been able to live with so
- little work, that they have not Acquired the habits
of industry and economy requisite to a northern
farmer. They are not slow to improve, however,
and are ready to adopt our improvements and
modes of husbandry as soon as introduced, and to
give up their mistaken notions upon evidence of
better, Thave one fact from good authority, An
Ohio farmer moved here 4 few years ago, and
rented a farm for a short term, with a view of
Purchasing, after testing the qualities of the soil,
He commenced Plowing a field deep with his
mould-board Plow. The owner Temonstrated,
Stating that his field
© top under,
Buckeye replied that he wi i
aah ae ut he wished to pursue his own
cultivated, he
undisturbed
; i Seer court, the wheat was
{ }, harvested and weighed 97 Ibs. to the bushel !
tory that the suit was
, lessee ¢) the contract
purchased the farm. Another beighbor on
the same course of deep plowing, ang hi
Weighed 69 Ibs. to the bushel. I nane’ yyreat
Specimens of this wheat in the office of the Home-
stead Company, No. 145 Broadway, New York,
and specimens of the different kinds of grass
=
Se-9Re-——— =
which I found this year spontancously growing in
the fields around me.
This Tuble bas an elevation of about 2,000 feet
above tide-water, is abore the region of agues und
bilious disorders, sod unsurpuesed in poiot of
health by any otber section. Tbe air is pure and
invigorating. The thermometer was st 87° the
hottest day that we bave bad this seuson. A
neighbor, who bas kept the daily record for Be
last twelve years, hud never seen it above 55’
before. Tho winters are mild—from the miodle
of December to the middle of February—and I
am told that I may possibly collect ice from two
to three inches thick, for my ice-house, by pre-
paring an artificial pond, which water shall be
kept still. Much has been said in some of tho
papors about this Jand in otber parts of the State,
which, if applied to these Table-Lands, would be
derogatory to theircharacter. What! have herein
said, is not to apply to any other place.
We want mechanics of all kinds, and farmers,
to come on and settle with us. By industry and
economy they may be confident of success, Lauds
nre now to be bought from $1,25 to $10 per acre,
according to location, almost every acre of which
may be ulled. Of grapes, fruits, etc,, I may write
another time, if seceptable, Wiirarp Day.
Crossville, Camberland Co., Tenn., Jaly 20, 1859,
.
LEACHED ASHES FOR WALES,
Exrentence is said to be the best teacher, and so
it is, From careful experiments with different
materials for walks, I am prepared to say that
leached ashes axe superior to all substances used
for that purpose, unless it be flagging stone; and
to them the purchase and cost of construction are
formidable objections. Then, to fit tuem to a ser-
pentine or winding walk, which is the only proper
form for lawns and pleasure grounds, is a difficult
and expensive task, besides they are too heavy
snd clumsy in appearance. Plank are alike objec-
tionable. Brick cannot be recommended. Gravel
or sand will not pack, and is, therefore, good for
nothing, Ashes pack the best of all substances
suitable for walks of which I have any knowledge;
and often in a few weeks’ use, if the weather is
rainy, become nearly as hard as adamant. Itdoes
not wash like gravel, but retains its place and
shape with remarkable tenacity. For carriage
roads or drive ways it has no eqnal.
My mode of construction is tbis :—I first sink the
walk some ten or twelve inches below the surface
and fill with ashes, treading it firm with the feet,
I raise it slightly in the centre, which gives the
walk a convex form, and enables it to shed off the
water falling upon it, I then, if my ashes were
sufficiently damp to pack well, give ita coating of
clean sand, such as is used for house plaster, from
one-fourth to one-half an inch in depth, and call it
finished.
The following sre some of the advantages that
pertain to this kind of walk. 1st, No thistles or
Weeds can grow init, 2d, It is easily and cheaply
made, 8d, It is cool and grateful to the feet in a
feverish day. 4th, It is very durable, being (if
convex) nearly impervious to water and never
heaves with frost,
It is now three years since I made my drive way
and walks, after the above plan; hence, I speak
confidently, and can recommend to others the
course I haye adopted. I have to add that no sand
or foreign substance should be mixed with the
ashes, as it would seriously injure their packing
qualities, 8. B. Rockwexy.
“ Spring Side,” Middlebury, Vt., 1859,
-—_____
MISTRUST OF PROVIDENCE,
Cou. Moore:—It is somewhat singular that
CLEANSING WOOL FOR HOME USE.
Ens. Ronau:—A “ Michigan Subscriber” wishes
to be informed conceroing the manner of “ oleans-
ig #ool for home use.” I will give him our way,
od can say tbat, in the article of cleansed wool
8nd fine rools, we yield the palm to none, But for
the meang employed. Toke the fleeces, one ata
time, uvroll, and carefully remove all large, loose
dirt; make a suds (not too strong, however, as
Such would have a tendency to make the wool
barsh,) of soft soap and rain water, hot as con-
¥evient for the hands. Fill a tub bulf full, or
More, then put in the wool, press and squerze, being
careful to tangle as little as possible. Repeat the
Process through o second suds, and do not rinse
Dor wring, but kqueeze ont os before, and spread
on boards a little inclined, 80 that the water can
puss off rapidly. When dry employ as many girls
as convenient to “pick” it—for as much depends
on the proper Picking of wool as cleansing —in
order to insure nice, white rools, and also to pre-
vent the “carder from grumbling.” All foreign
substances must be removed. This being done, if
the carder performs his part ag well, aud the spin-
jog and weaving are equal, you will haye cloth
good enough, I came near saying, for our Presi-
dent ; but as it might, after all, be too home-made
for his Majesty, I will take that back, and simply
say, good enough for a “poor Michigander,” at
least.
We Westorn New-Yorkers long since abandoned
cloth-making, ovr Judies being decidedly too deli-
cate for such laborious employment. Some few
still adhere to the custom of spioning “stocking
yarn,” and if the ‘‘old fashioned way” of making
fallcloth was still practiced, we should see fewer
farmers going about in tattered garments, for this
“cotton wool stuff” will not stand tbe wear and
tear of every day life—A. M. Bisnor, Pavilion,
NV. ¥., 1859,
Farexp Moone:—I have perused your colamns
ever since the Rurat was published with a good
deal of thought, and must say the New-Yorxer is
a welcome guest. Itappears that “A Subscriber”
in Wheatland, Hillsdale Co., Mich,, wants to know
how to cleanse wool. J wish there were more seck-
ing the same information. Here is the recipe:
Two pails of rain water; one of urine; one pint
of salt—heat all to scalding heat. Put in the
wool, stir with a stick and Jet it remain for about
thirty minutes. Take it out with a stick and lay
on a board to drain. Have the board so arranged
on the side of the tub or kettle that the liquor will
run back in the same. After the firat kettle full is
taken out add more water, urine, and salt, to keep
up the strength of the liquor, and proceed as be-
fore. The longer the liquor is used the better—
Soft soap, or lye from ashes, will answer in the
place of urine, or may be used with them. The
liquor must be strong enough to dissolve the gum
or oil on the wool, so as to rinse off clean. It is
of no benefit to pick it, Being engaged in the
business fora term of yéars, I know how the op-
erator is censured.— Aa Foor, Jr., Sherburne,
Chenango Co., N. ¥., 1859.
FAILURE OF HAY IN NORTHERN OHIO.
Ir is a singular circumstance to me, that the
failure of the bay crop in this section of the coun-
try appears to be from the change of grasses,
Our timothy meadows have not failed so much
from being short and stunted, as from thinning
out, As you walk the road many meadows appear
to have s good growth, and go they have of scat-
tering spears; but on a nearer approach, apd
looking from the top of the fence, you discover an
unusual quantity of white clover. The whole
farmers, who rely upon the firmest and most stable
means of subsistence, should be the most distrust-
ful. The untimely June frost which visited us,
made more long faces among farmers than apy
other class of people. It is a fact that many
exhibit the spirit of Cary, the first farmer of whom
we have any knowledge. Through his jealousy
and mistrust of Providence, he afflicted Eye, by
causing the death of her beloved Azer. What is
the use of putting on such a solemn visage on
account of the crops or the weather? Shall we
make mouths at the Almighty, or call to account
the great Jehovah? Are we not exalted above all
men, in being honored by a partnership with the
Most High? The Great God of Nature is the
silent, though active partner, of every farmer
who tills arodofearth. He furnishes the capital,
and we do the labor. He sends the sunshine and
shower. He is, after all we may do by the aid of
science and machinery, the Great Prime Mover in
all the operations of Agriculture. He sent the
frost for the best of reasons. He gave us a little
too warm a May, and as a consequence, to balance
it, we have had a little too cold aJune. Is not
this right? Does not this square ‘the matter ?
With a hot May, June and July in conjunction, or
succession, with no modification, where would
have been your grain or grass? What man or
beast could endure it, either?
Our philosophy is that we must have so much
heat and so much cold throughout the year—that
the whole is nicely caloulated and meted out as it
Seemeth good in the sight of Him from whom
proceedeth every good and perfect gift. If corn
and other things have been checked, it was only
that they might put more rapidly forward at the
end of the course. We have only been rounding
the dangerous curve of Spring, to pass more
rapidly forward upon the level of a beautiful and
glorious Summer, No one need regret that he
has his money invested in land, when be thinks
of the failures incident to mercantile life, or re-
members the yawning gulf where the Central
America went down. We have the promise of
seed-time and harvest. One we have bad emi-
nently propitious, and we shall have the other in
proportion, as sure as results follow causes, or as
day succeeds night. Nature is yet to display her
mightiest powemggand in due time we shall reap
if we faint not. H. K.P,
Cambridge Valley, N. Y., 1859.
To Cune Distemper 1x Horses.—Give one des-
Sert spoonful of powdered gum myrrh once a day
for a week, in bran or meal, and you will havea
sure cure.—M. K., Willow Copse, O., 1859,
country, meadows,pastures and door yards,appears
to have nearly double the usual quantity of white
clover. We look to the Rurat to learn the extent
of this usurpation of the place of the timothy by
the white clover, as also the why and wherefore,
I think P., in the Rurat of the 28d, could not
have been aware of our facility for Wine-making
in the West, or he would not have put off his con-
gratulations to the time of raising pie plant, cur-
rants and grapes. Any Western or Eastern city
can turn out more wine, and at lower rates, than
could be manufactured from currants and grapes,
if they were not only grown but gathered and in
the manufacturers’ vats. The wine bibbers of this
day have not tho discriminating taste of the an-
cestors of Sancho Panza. MAL
Toledo, Ohio, July, 1859.
ARE PEACH LEAVES POISONOUS?
Messrs. Eps :—Is it generally understood by
farmers that pench leaves will kill cattle? Some
two weeks since I threw two peach trees that had
been broken down by the wind, into a small pas-
ture lot where I had two calves. Both eat of the
leaves, but one I noticed partook much more freely
than the other. Tho third day after the peach
trees were thrown into the lot the calf that I no-
ticed eating of the leaves most freely showed signs
of sickness, want of appetite, dullness of the eyes,
&c, The man who had the care of them gaid it
had not eaten well for two or three days, (since
eating the peach leaves.) I caught it and admin-
istered a piece of salt pork, The next morning it
was entirely helpless, unable to rise or stand after
assisted up, but for two days longer it retained the
power of holding up its bead and drinking, after-
wards it lost this power and was fed by a bottle.
It remained in this state for four days and died.—
Occasionally it would eject from its nose a green
fluid, resembling the juice of peach leaves, On
opening it after death, the leaves of the manifold
were found coated with s downy substance resem-
bling that on the under side of the peach leaf. I
present these statements to you, to give my own
experience, and also to elicit facts that may be in
the possession of your readers.
Gates, Monroo Co,, N. ¥., 1859. Wa. BR. Boorn,
————_+o>—__
Ciersz-Maxro,— Can some RvgAt correspondent
tell us how to make checse successfully from a few cows
say from two to four? So far as I can Jndge, not one
Rural Spirit of the Press.
a
Training Oxen.
Ar a recent meeting of the Concord (fass.)
Farmer’ Club, Caanves A. Husparn Tead an Essay
upon Working Oxen, from which the following
extract, giving his mode of “ Training,” is taken -
A word on training oxen. I have found that by
far the best time to train steers is when they aro
calves, say the first winter, Oxen that are trained
when quite young, are much more pliable and
obedient, and this adds much to their value, Steers
that run until they are three or four years old, are
duogerous animals toencounter, They are always
Frunning away with the cart or sled whenever there
is a chance for them, and often serious injury is the
result. I would not recommend working steers
hard, while young, as it prevents their growth;
there is a difference between working them and
merely training them, I have observed that very
little attention is paid by our farmers to train their
Steers to back, but as they become able to draw a
considerable load forward, they are often unmerci-
fully beaten on the head and face, because they
will not back a cart or sled with as large a load as
they can draw forward, forgetting that much pains
has been taken to teach them to draw forward, but
none to teach them to push backward, To remedy
the occasion of this thumping, as soon as I have
taught my steers to be handy, as it is called, and
to draw forward, I place them on a cart where the
land is a little descending; in this situation they
will soon learn to back it, Then I place them
on level land, and exercise them there. Then |
teach them to back a cart up land that is a little
rising, the cart having no load in, as yet. When I
have taught them to stand up to the tongue as they
ought, and back an empty cart, I next either puta
small Joad in the cart, or take them to where the
land rises faster, which answers the same purpose;
thus in a few days they can be taught to back well,
to know how to do it, and by a little use afterwards,
they will never forget. This may appear of little
consequence to some, but when it is remembered
how frequently we want to back a load, when we
are at work with our cattle, and how convenient it
is to have our cattle back well, why should we not
teach them for the time when we want them thus
to lay out their strength? Besides, it often saves
blows and vexations, which is considerable when
one isinaburry, I never consider a pair of oxen
well broke until they will back with ease any rea-
sonable load, and I would give a very considerable
sum more for a yoke of oxen thus tutored than for
a yoke not thus trained.
Facts about Cattle.
Tux following items are from a recent issue of
the New York Tribune:
It is a fact that all domestic animals can be im-
proved in size snd value, One bundred and fifty
Years ago, the average weight of cattle at the
Smithfield market was not over 870 pounds, and
that of sheep 28 pounds. Now the average weight
of the former is over 800 pounds, and of the latter
80 pounds,
The average weight of cattle, properly termed
beeves, in the New York market, is about 700 lbs.,
and sheep 50 Ibs.
The average live weight of the heaviest drove of
beeves, 109 in number, ever brought to this mar-
ket, was 2,067 pounds, weighed from dry feeding
in Illinois, last spring.
The mode of selling cattle in New York is at -«
much per pound for the estimated weight of mu
contained in the four quarters. The estimation is
made upon the live weight of cattle as follows:
A drover in buying a lot of grass-fed, common
stock in Illinois, should never calculate to get an
estimate of over one-half here of the live weight
there. That is, if the drove average 12 cwt., they
will make 6 cwt. of meat each,
Medium beeves may be estimated at 54 or 55 lbs.
per cwt. Good beeves at 56 or 57 lbs. Extra
good, large and very fat, from 57 to 62 lbs. perewt,
In the Boston market, the weight is generally
estimated upon “five quarters,” that is, the pro-
duct estimated upon an average, 64 lbs, per cwt,
In New York, not one bullock in ten thousand
goes upon the scales to determine his price to the
butcher,
White Specks in Butter.
Ix the issue of the New England Farmer for
July 16th, “An Old Farmer” replies to an article
on this subject, as follows :—“TI never manufactur-
ed or sold churns, but have used them more than
forty years; I have had white specks in my butter
but it was not caused by uneven churning, or by
scraping down the cream while churning, The
cream should be put down as soon as it thickens,
and before the buttermilk appears, or you lose the
cream, but it will not cause white specks in the
butter; dried cream is the cause of white specks.
It is dried in summer by a current of air blowing
across the pans. Since I altered my milk-room,
and put on a blind to prevent ine wind from blow-
ing directly across the pans, I have got rid of the
driedcream, If your cream is dried, you can soak
it in the cream-pot and prevent the specks in the
butter; it should be soaked twenty-four hours be-
fore churniag, and stirred well, and if thick, some
milk added to soak it; but if you churn it as soon
as skimmed, in any churn, you will have white
specks in the batter.”
Another writer upon the same subject, remarks:
“The white specks in butter are caused by getting
milk in with the cream when skimming, which is
suffered to lie still until it becomes hard like
Agricultural Miscellanp,
MT aan
Tue Wearuer of tho
a
Past (wo wooks has gonerally
© ETOWINg ero) 5
has been a auperabandanes of rain, ag ae
beavy rains have delayed the closin
somewhat, yot wo hear of little Pa el pe
Spring crops are progressing nely, Potatoes in wis
regton promise a romarkablo yleld, and ‘more aro plant
ed than ever beforo, With a favorable fall tho Prospect
is that Todian corn will Prove & good crop though that
Planted on green sward is lato for the season.
Soures’ Wimar.—Several farmers in this vi
have Jast harvested very foo crops of while wheat.
Mr. BE. 8. Harwann, of Brighton, has shown us 2
excellent eumple of Soules’ wheat, from a fold which
produced over 80 basbels to | Jas. BuxERy,
the acre,
Esq , of Irondequoit, mae Of nearly twonty acree
of Soules'—grown on the bank of Lake Ontario—whick
entirely escaped the midge, and bid falr when wo caw
it (just before barvest,) to yleld from 25 to 80 bushols to
the acre, In one case where a farmer sowed two acres
of Soules’ quite lato, and merely to get a crop of straw,
the yleld is the best he has bad for MADY yoars~neariy
40 bushels to the acre, This ig encouragiog, yea wo
would not advise the sowing of Soules’ wheat this fall,
as @ general rale—doubting its safety, except om me
best soll, and With a favorable season,
————+
Yierp or Wurat—Disappointment,—A correspon
dent of the Rochester Union says that the farmers of
Lima, Livingston county, wero sure, before harvest, of
from 20 to 80 bushels of Wheat per acro. But wnen
they camo to thresh the wheat, to their surprise they
found a yield of 80 to 40 bushels per acro! Per contra,
We observe statements from papers publiehed in Vir-
ginia, Tenoessce, and other sections of the Suuth and
Southwest averring that, on threshing, the yield of
wheat ia in many instances only one-fourth to one-half
what was anticipated! Taking the conntry ‘hrough,
we think the latter and real kind of disappointment ts
far more general than the agreeable ono experienced
by our Livingston Co, farmers, It is now sald that,
notwithstanding the nssertions of the commeroial Papers
to the contrary, tho wheat crop of Lilinols and the North-
west la below an average
Wrister Barcey.—We have received soveral heads
of very superior winter barley grown by Mr. Saxrorp
A. Burn, of Wheatland—as samplo of a field of sixteem
sores, It is fonr-rowed, large, and very prolific, Mr. &
having found a8 many as 92 kernels in a single head.
— Speaking of winter barley, we may add tbat tho
crop is becoming a favorite with many farmers in this
region. The yield is generally good this season, and
many rank the crop among the most rellable and profit
able produced in localities favorable to its growth. Am
excellent farmer, and President of an Ag. Soolety,
recently informed us that he could depond upon from
40 to 50 bushels per acre, which be considered better
than 25 to 80 bushels of wheat, to esy nothing of the
risk of the latter in districts where the midge prevaile,
On the contrary, a shrewd farmer at our elbow, (an en-
President of an Ag. Society, and a Major aleo,) thioks
barley is more tender than wheat, and requires as rich
soll and equally good culture — though undoubtedly
midge proof. In his opinion, also, barley docs not rank
among the Christian grains! Who ehall decide when
offlolals disagree!
Cmancra AMoxG ovr Excmanaes.—Tho American
Farmers’ Magazine (formerly Plough, Loom and An-
vil, established by Joux 8. SktNNER, and published for
some years past by Prof. J. A. Nasi, of New York,)
bas been discontinued for want of support, The editor
states that his loss has not been less than $5,000, and
that the Magazine “dies of a collapse in the money
drawer.” While we regret this result of Prof. Ns
+Mforts, it is not surprising—experience and observation
convinced us that rural monthlies cannot be
yeustained without great exertion and expense
i ccitsus where Agricultural weeklies are published.
The South Countryman, an able agricultural monthly,
edited by Rey. O, W. Howanp, bas been merged in Tho
Southern Cultivator, Augusta, Ga, both editors uniting
thelr efforts “to produce a Sonthern Agricultural
Monthly of unrivalled interest and yalne.” BSuccees to
ithe unton!—for united (married) they stand, whereas,
f divided, at least one would fall.
havin
pei
Rear Estate ApvaNcixa.—The prospoct of again
growing wheat successfully {n Western Now York is
already affecting the price of farming lands As an
Instance, we learn that the property known asthe “ Bab
bage Farm,” consisting of two hundred acres, in State
ford, Genesee county, was sold a few days since at $100
per acre—the purchaser belng Hon. Teacy Pamper, a
shrewd business man, who would not be likely to invest
without a good prospect of “realizing” in the shape of
profit. We trust the long-expected " good time coming®
for our farming interceta Is at last arriving,
Premrom oF $100 ron Best Tex Aones or Wreat!—
Tn order to encourage the production of Wheat, and
obtain for dissemination reliable information as to the
most successful modes of culture in sections where the
midge prevails—as in Western and Central New York
—we hereby offer a Premium of One Hoxpsep Dottars
for the Best Ten Acres of Winter Wheat (quantity and
quality considered) grown in this State daring the ensu-
ing year, on one contiguous piece of land, being a part
of the farm owned and cultivated by the competitor.
A sample of the grain, and statement of modo of cult
vation, &c., (similar to that required by the N. Y. Btate
Agricultural Society on Farm Crops,) must be furnished
to D. D, T. Moone, Rochester, on or before the 1st day
of October, 1800, by whom, in conjunction with Gen,
Rawson Harsow of Monroe Co. Hon. T. ©. Perens of
Genesee, Joun Jomnston, Esq, of Seneca, and Hon.
Gronos Geppes of Onondaga, (or other competent and
disinterested persons,) the premiom will bo awarded —
(For particulars as to conditions, etatement required,
ete., see RURAL of July 284.)
J, J. Tuomas’ Fanw.—A very erroncona statement
having lately sppeared) in the Ronan New-Yorses in
relation to the farm now ponapied by our fellow citizen,
J.J, Tuomas, with & view lo detract from his reputation
us 6 successful cultivator as well as writer, we bereby
cheese ; te prevent this, stir the cream thoroughly
after skimming it off the milk; this will generally
prevent there being specks in the butter. If the
cream is strained after skimming it off, there will
never be specks. If my theory be correct, it will
be seen that the idea of cream making stripes or
specks in butter is incorrect. Good butter-makers
rarely have stripes or specks in their butter; if
they do, they attribute the cause to the neglect of
duty in not taking proper care of the cream, and
y working the butter,””
properly working =
Nest Ecos ron 1850.—Lay up the old eggs that
do not hatch, on the plate or beam of some out-
building in a cool, dry place until next spring,
woman in twenty in this town knows how to make a
cheese of any kind, We aball be grealy obliged for
the process tn full through the colamns of tho Ruzar.—
HL B., Roanoke, Huntington Co. Ind, 1859.
when they will become dryed up, no danger of
bursting, and you will have the real hen's egg fora
nest egg.—C. O. Baunniae, South Sodus, V. Ke
certify that the statement alluded to is entirely false, and
that ols residence i6 one of the most beautiful ath pila
part of the country, and bis farm a very neat and nd
ductive one in & high state of entire ir ba,
daring the short time he bas occupied 4p poi
gone great improvements, among Which a
RUBY,
of tile draining, LA ae pe te
Laban Hoskuns,
Wa. H. Cnasn,
x rust 6, 1559.
oar ae ny giving place to the above,
we beg to distinctly inform its authors that tholr ant
phatic assertion that the extract relative to. J, Tomas’
farm was pablished “ with a view to detract from his
x successful cultivator a8 well a writor,” Is
Dna ay erroneous,” but “entirely false.” On
ue eats, itwas copied and commented upon by our
Hlartteuitural editor (Wbo 18 & personal friend of Me
‘Trronas,) with the kindestintentions—for the purpose o!
heading © paragraph which was going the rounds of
tho prees, rather than of injuring our eatecmed friend.
HORTICULTURAL VISITS.
In no way can knowledge be better gained than
by visiting the gardens of good cultivators at this
“peason of the year. On this subject we give o val-
able article from a Indy correspondent in anotber
colomn. Those who intend to visit Rochester to
Jook st our fine gardens and superb nurseries
“should do so during August, or the early part of
Beptember. Persons of borticultural taste, or in
pursuit of knowledge on this subject, would be
well repaid for a visit, even sbould they bare to
travel s thousand miles for its accomplishment.
The precent is comparatively o season of leisure,
and our nurserymen will be bappy to wait upon
visitors, show them their grounds, and trees, and
plants, and give all needed information, but the
Jatier part of September they will be preparing
for fall business, and will not have a moment to
devote to friends who may call. Many go away
disappointed because they make their visits at
enseasopable times, And this is done through a
mistaken ideo that if trees are needed for the
orchard, or plants for the garden, personal attend-
‘ance is necessary at the time of taking up; while
the fact is, this is the yery worst time that could
be chosen for making a selection of trees. Visit
the nurseries now, examine the trees, and fruits,
and flowers, ask all the questions you think neces-
eary, obtain catalogues, make out your orders with
care, leave them with the nurserymen with which
you propose to deal, and, our word for it, you will
be much better served—obtain better treea and
more suitable varieties—than though you bad
given the matter your pereona! attention during
the hurry of fall business.
The Sovmer Pears are now ripening, and per-
haps you will be invited to test their quulity. Tbe
Beurre Giffard is in its prime, aod the Osband's
Summer will be in enting in a few days. The Jos-
tiger and the Tyson will be right for tasting by
about the first of September, which will be as soon
fe some of our friends will be able to make use
visit. Then you can see acres of dwarf pear trees,
end hundreds of different varieties, loaded down
with fruit, from the litle Seckel to the monstrous
Cattillac, Here you can examine their habits, see
the way in which they are cultivated, pruned ond
tririned, and give o very good guess as to your
ability to grow pears and the prospects os to profit.
The Dwanr Arrie Tares deservedly attract a
good deal of attention, About as large as a good
lilac busb, and bearing from a peck to one or more
Doshels of apples, they are curious, beautiful and
valuable.
Pose who bare been discournged about growing,
Puows, and have considered the curculio invinci-
bie, will be very much encouraged by observing
every tree, and scores of varieties, that they never
before heard of, bearing enormous crops of the
most luscious fruit, and ripening in succession
from the firat of August until the last of summer.
The Suatt Fruits are gone, with the exception
of the Biacksensiss, and these are now gradually
ripening, giving @ good picking every day. We
believe everybody in this section is better pleased
with the New Jochelle than ever before.
ing an excellent crop.
In the FLorat Derantaent, some fine roses may
yet be seen, and the later and more beautiful varie-
ties of the Putox family may soon be seen in all
their glory. This is o class of flowers deserving
for more attention than they receive from amateurs.
They are bardy, herbaceous plants, need no pro-
tection, and by a proper selection of varieties will
give bloomsfrom Mayto October, The later sorts,
however, are the finest.
It is curious sometimes to observe how people
open their eyes with astonishment when they see
for the first time a good collection of Hollyhocks.—
The nurseries have yery fine varieties in flower,
well worth looking at. The late flowering Henva-
ogous Puants, such as the Antirrhinum Delphi-
num, &c,, and the Benpixo Puanrs, such as Vor-
benas and Petunias, never were to be scen to better
advantage. The Dasuias show a few flowers, and
will improve every day until frost.
Filling up every spare corner are the ANNUALS,
bright as the brightest—the Zin Week Stock, the
Balsam, the Phlow Drummonidii, the Aster ond a
score of others which we will not name. In con-
It is giv-
BEURRE GIFFARD PEAR.
Axono the new pears recommended for general
cultivation at the Jast meeting of the American
Pomological Society, was the Beurre Giffard, o
good engraying of which we now give our readers.
This pear differs very materially in size, and some-
what in form, and on the quince root we bave seen
specimens much larger than that shown in the
engraving, which is about medium, or perhaps a
little below medium size.
The Beurre Giffard is now ripe (Aug. 9th) and we
have never before tasted more delicious specimens,
nor haye we seen a more abundant crop, This
variety must now rank as ove of our best summer
pears. It has fully indicated the wisdom of the
American Pomological Society in recommending it
for general cultivation, as the reports we receive
from widely distant localities, are all very favora-
ble. It isa French variety, and was first fruited
in this country about 1850.
‘The tree is a moderate grower, and therefore
Friexp Moorr:—We are frequently asked
“ When is the best time to set Strawberry plants?”
It is policy for vendors of plants to recommend
Spring planting—as good, strong plants at this
time, if left in their place, will make from three to
a dozen in the remaining part of the season thar
will do well for spring planting —butell the gooo
plants that get well-rooted in this month (August,)
will bear 4 fine crop of berries next Summer,
whereas the same plents, if set next spring, will
not give one-twentieth the quantity of fruit they
would, if set in July or August. I am speaking
particularly of the Wilson Seedling. With these
Ihave had a little experience and would recom:
mend to plant in this month, if you want to real-
ize on your investment by next summer,
My plants of this variety that were set between
rows of corn, in July and August of Jast summer,
gave a beautiful crop of large and delicious berries
in June of this year. Some single plants having
over 150 berries, The plants which were set ip
the spring of 1858 did not average more than three
or four to a plant, and inferior at that. Thus my
experience prompts me to advise all who want to
gain time, to plant now if they can, in preference
t planting next spring; though it is quite as
we)l to plunt in spring if you are not ready this
summer. I. W. Barcas.
Macedon, Wayne Co,, N. ¥., August, 1859.
+44 —
Tue Tomato as Foop.—Dr. Bennett, a professor
of some celebrity, considers the tomato an invalu-
able article of diet, and ascribes to it very import-
ant medical properties :—“1st, That the tomato is
one of the most powerful aperients of the liver and
otber organs; where calomel is indicated, it is
probably one of the most effective and the least
harmful remedial agents known to the profession,
2d, Toat a chemical extract will be obtained from
it that will supersede the use of calomel in the
cure of disease. 3d, That he has successfully
treated diarrhea with this article alone. 4th, That
when used as an article of diet it is almost sove-
reign for dyspepsia and indigestion. 6th, Thatit
should be constantly used for daily food—either
cooked, raw, or in the form of catsup, itis themost
healtby article now in use.”
—————
planters must not feel disappointed that it does
pot keep pace with the Vicar of Winkjield,
Duchesse d’ Angouleme and otber strong growers.
It is distinct in wood and foliage, the young shoots
being long and slender, the bark reddish, the
Jeaves small, with very long, slender leaf-stalk. It
succeeds well, both on pear and quince stocks,
Fruit medium size, occasionally large, acute-
pyriform, Stalk, usually aboutaninch long, some-
times one and a hulf inches, pretty stout, and
inserted without any depression, except in rare
cases, Calyx—closed, segments Jong and stiff, in
@ narrow basin, Skin—greenish yellow in the
shade, sprinkled with carmine dots; sunny side
red, varying from light to dark, and mottled with
dark spots and stripes. Tiesh—white, tender and
juicy, with a sprightly, vinous flavor, and some-
what of a spicy perfume. It is greatly improved,
‘8 all summer pedrs are, by being gathered before
ripe.
Tanvy Survps 1 Wisconstx.— Seeing notices
of hardy shrubs, &c., I will state my experience
with one or more. The Forsythia Viridissima 1
have had three years. It grows fastin the summer,
but every winter the blossom buds are killed; and
last winter o good sbare of the bush was killed. —
Spirea, * Prunifoliea” 20d Opolosca” do well. Die-
lytrakilled. Quince bushes all winter killed. Crop
of strawberries and raspberries very light. Black-
berry crop will be very amall compared with last
year.—A. H. Raraoxn, Os7ikosh, Wis., July, 1859
Albert, Tall Sugar, and two or three other sorts of
peas, and some lettuce, first. The lettuce did well,
and furnished all we needed for my family, which
is large, and the peas came on in succession from
the middle of June and continued for about amonth
to furnish a messnearly every day. Onthe Fourth
of July I commenced digging Harly June potatoes,
then followed Afountain Junes and Buckeyes, 1
have probably dug about a bushel a week ever
since, and shall haye enough early sorts to last me
until about the first of October, and then I shall
probable haye thirty bushels of Jfaricans, Peach
Blows and Mercers, for winter use. I had forgotten
radishes The first sowing did not amount to
much, being bard and hot, but I sowed another lot
about the middie of June, and in a few weeks they
were very fine, Summer squashes I have in
abundance, and also Zarly Bassino, Long Blood,
and White Sugar Beets, as well as that excellent
little summer carrot, Zarly Short Horn. Toma-
toes are beginning to ripen, and I have pickeda
dozen or so, and shall soon have abundance. I
have the Vegetable Egg, almost as large as my
head, but hardly know what to do with them, but
shall try by-and-by. Sweet Corn I think might be
picked now, but I prefer to wait a week, and as I
have four patches, planted at different times, I think
I shall have corn until frost, and this is a great
luxury.
Cucumbers baye not done very well. The soil
was pretty hard for them, and the weather cold and
changeable the early part of the season; and water
clusion we say, visit our gardens and nurseries, all
good gardens in your neighborhood, make notes of
what you see desirable, resolve to have a good
garden next season, and take the necessary moans
to carry out your resolution.
—$—_—__r9-—__—__——
MY GARDEN,
Messns, Evrrons.—I am delighted with my first
Summer's experience in gardening. Of course, I
Aid not expect todo much the first year, for Icould
not grow strawberries or raspberries, or many of
the nice things that I haye provided for next year.
But, in the vegetable line I have beaten many that
have bad far more experience, This is the first
year that I have bad possession of my garden,
which was one that had been neglected, and the
Boil had become so poor that tho former ane told
me last year he did not oven got his seed back,
and discouraged me from making any outlay, Il
contained a few large apple trees in pretty fair
condition, mostly early sorts, and one Zaldioin
tree, and some grape vines, the lot being half an
acre. In it were many old, balf-dead peach trees,
‘The ground had been plowed for several years, and
Was in a rongh, uneven state. The first thing I
didwas to get all the ashes I could and scatter over
the surface—only about a couple of londs. Then I
Purchased twelre loads of stable manure, costing,
delivered, eight dollars. Ithen bad all the uscless
trees taken up, spread the manure over the sur-
face, and had the whole garden spaded up, which
coat me about nine dollars more.
Now, forthe result. Isowed Zarly Kent, Prince
and muskmelons are about in the same condition.
Another season I would have small glass frames
made some two feet in diameter, and keep the
plants in these until they became large and the
weather warm, This, I have no doubt, wouldgive
good melons early.
I had forgotten Beans, of which I have had
abundance, and in a week or so can commence on
Zimas, and the Celery is almost fit to earth up.
Now, I have attended to this myself, nights and
mornings, with the exception of a little help from
two small boys, and a man hired three days, and I
can say that a vegetable garden affords not only
great pleasure, but if weld affended, great profit.
My Larly Harvest Apples have been exceeding
fine, the Baldwin tree is loaded, and after a good
deal of pruning snd labor I think the vines will
reward me with a bushel or two of ripe Isabellas.
A Veny Yorna Ganpense.
See
VISIT YOUR NEIGHBORS’ GARDENS,
Is Spring, in Summer, and in Autumn, visit
your neighbors’ gardens, In Spring, see how
they prepare their ground for different crops;
what kinds of seeds they plant; what precautions
they use against destructive worms and insects;
what new varieties of fruit trees, vines, bushes,
&c,, they are planting, and what situations they
choose for them, whether moist or dry, shaded or
Sunny; mark the comparative hardiness of pre-
viously planted trees, vines and shrubs, as indi-
cated by the way they have borne the preceding
winter, taking into account differences of expo-
sure; and look about for anything new, curious,
or interesting, in the way of flowering plants,
shrubs, &c.
In Summer, observe your neighbors’ modes of
cultivation; take notice of apy peculiarities in
their treatment of particular vegetables, fruits,
and flowers, and compare their methods and the
results obtained with your own effurts and success.
Don't imagine that there is nothing worth looking
at, except in grand, imposing establishments; you
may often sce a finer patch of potatoes, cabbages,
or onions, in the humble, unpretending garden of
your nearest Irish neighbor, and gain from the
proprietor more useful hints concerning their cul-
tivation, than would be afforded by a visit to the
most complete garden collection within your
reach, Small cultivators, or persons who raise
but few kinds of vegetables, are quite apt to pro-
duce them in greater perfection than more exten-
sive or ambitious cultivators.
Go to your neighbors’ gardens in Autumn to
Witness the quality and abundance of their later
fruits and vegetables, their pears, grapes, turnips,
potatoes, winter squashes, Xc., &c., not forgetting
to take a look at their late-blooming flowers. Ask
the owner’s leave to take seeds of desirable varieties
that you do not possess, and which they have to
spare, giving them, in return, rare seeds from
your own garden. It is better for you, better for
you both, than to run the risk of being imposed
upon by the trash sent out by ignorant or unprin-
cipled seedsmen. Be sure to learn your neighbors’
methods of putting up their winter fruit, and
remember to make inquiries in late winter or
early spring as to the keeping qualities of different
kinds.
Give special heed to all accounts of adverse
experience in cultivation. It may save you time,
trouble, and disappointment in future, Enthusi-
astic amateurs, coming into possession of new
varieties of plants which they are anxious to
increase, are yery likely to commit mistakes, a
history of which will be useful to their neighbors,
As an example, a garden in this neighborhood
contains a few bushes of the Lawton or New Ro-
chelle blackberry, planted year ago last spring.
Tn the fond hope (as the novelists say,) that the
plants might be propagated by layering, the zeal-
ous owner, Jast fall, bent down several canes, and
covered a portion of each with earth, leaving two
or three inches at the end exposed. In February,
the buried part of the canes was separated from
the other, as was supposed proper. It was curi-
ous, in Spring, to see tho fruit buds on the end
of the layers swell into blossom, and then the
whole, flower and stalk, gradually dry up and die,
As the great June frost destroyed most of the
fruit that set on the bushes, the owner gained his
experience at a small cost of berries,
South Livonia, N. ¥., 1859.
ee __——
Osranio Grare.—Last week we had an oppor-
tunity to taste the Ontario Grape—only a single
berry or so—grown in the house of Bisseut & Sat-
ten. In appearance and flavor it was very much
like the Zsabella, This we cannot considor a test of
its quality or merits in any respect. The present
Autumn we hope to test many of the new grapes.
“inst Premrom” Picktep Peacurs.—To four
pounds of fruit add one pound of sugar; equal
parts of good cider vinegar and water, sufficient to
cover the fruit. Wipe the peaches, insert a clove
in each, and put them in a jar with a few blades of
mace. Boil the sugar, water and vinegar together;
pour over the peaches while hot, and let them
stand two days, closely covered. Repeat the pro-
cess of heating two or three times. If the fruit is
not suiliciently cooked, put it in the kettle the last
time of heating, when sufliciently soft, skim out,
Woil the liquor until there is just sufficient to cover
the peaches. When cold, put in jars, and they
will keep in any place. This specimen has stood
in a warm upper room two years.—Mnrs. Rice,
Henrietta, N. ¥., 1859.
Rewanks.—The foregoing recipe was furnished
one of the “Tasting Committee” of the Monroe
County Agricultural Society, in accordance with
the rules and regulations in such case made and
provided, and handed, with several similar matters,
to the Runat for publication some time since. As
the names of other parties contributing specimens
of their skill in the culinary department at the
Annual Fair, are not attached to the various recipes
in our possession, we have withheld them, in the
hope that we might be enabled to render equal
and exact justice to all interested. The peaches
were declared ‘‘very fine,” and, as the title indi-
cates, were awarded the First Premium.—Eps.
Raspserey, Steawnenery, Currant, or Onance
Errenyescine Dnavonts.—Take one quart of the
juice of either of the above fruits; filter it, and
boil it into a syrup with one pound of powdered
loaf sugar. To this add one ounce and a half of
tartaric acid. When cold put it into a bottle and
keep it well corked. When required for use, fill a
half pint tumbler three parts full of water, and
add two tablespoonfuls of the syrup. Then stir
in briskly ao small teaspoonful of carbonate of soda,
and a yery delicious drink will be formed. The
color may be improved by adding a yery small
portion of cochineal to the syrup at the time of
boiling.— Scientific American,
Nevrarersa.—This painful malady baflies the
doctors. A member of the family of the editor
of the Detroit Advertiser, impatient and despair-
ing, recently tried a novel remedy; ond found
immediate relief from a poultice of braised horse-
radish. The remedy is simple. It can do no
harm to try it.
Farep Cocumpens,—Take large cucumbers, ( Just
before they begin to turn yellow ;) pare and slit
lengthwise; place them in clear water and boil
till tender; take them out, dip in & suse batten,
and fry in butter till brown. Serve bot, and you
will have a dish equal to oysters.—M. K., Willow
Copse, O., 1859.
A.
Ip your flat-irons are rough rob them well with
fine salt, and it will make them smooth.
Horticultural Advertisements.
RUIT AND ORNAMENTAL
TREES, PLANTS, eo.
A. FROST & CO... Proprietors of the Genesee Valley Nur-
ea) er Y.. padlieh the following on
to rebreseub Welr stock, which occupies Three Hundred
Al sho may desire to purchase Frott, Ornamental
nloeues oiich avefornishes on applieauons
je 3
RT euentto islven all communications,
No. 2D We Catalogue of Fruits
Roca ae MHPUVE Catalogue of Ornamental Trees, Shrubs,
nero. Deserintive Catalogue of Dabllas, Verbenas, Green-
0 4, Wholewsle
No, 6, Descriptive:
de List.
Flowering Bulbs, 600-78
ave now ready for sendin
Viperies—strong, health; “ic
They mululy ennsist of te
moderate supply of the most eel
such as
Mcsoat TAMBURO, «
Brock woop GOLDEN HAatogs,
Lapy Downs,
Canadian CliteR,
Mosca H. Lacnenr,
ree Munasr Orros et, Ln &o, dea
lants carefully packed iud forwarded at any mi
For fall und detalied information reapeckiog inn ack,
prices, terms, &c., we refer to the folowing catalouen
which will be sent gratis, prepald, te all who Inclose one
stamp for each:
Rescriotive Oatatorue of Prolite, ane
. scriptive Oatalogue of Ornament ‘ees, Bhrul
‘, Rusra &e,, te 8
No, 8.—Descr priate » Fe of Dahlias, Green-house and
redding Plant, &c,
No, 4.—Wholesslé Catal: gue for Nurserymen. Dealers, and
others Who purchase In large quantities.
LLWANGER & BARRY,
Mount Hope Nureeries, Rochester, N. ¥.
501
CF erestid coleclsoich tieamnestietroe ote
over BO of the Nacst varieties la culuvudon, Inclading
PTR CaSeIRy Wai be sinpiten at the addexea aeiRee axa
packed hat they whi reach distant destiuations in
foe of Grapes for
velbraise from eyes.
ds but inelnde a
new varictles,
uneser. T
Nog, per 100, #2, per 1,000, $15,
itish’ Queen, Duc de tirabant,
Hque, La Reine, Peabody, Prince
Fihbasket, Houneur de Bel
of Walra. Wellington, per dozen, 60 centas per 100, 88.
Sevarate Catalogues of Frults, of Ornamental Trees,
Planes, &e,. of Green-he tae Punts, £e., of bull rs
Roots, ‘and list contalatog pricevor the above 1p saantthes.
SLE i aaa HEY co.
‘roprietora of the Genesee Valley Nurseries,
B02 Rochester, Ny.
BW HARDY GRAPES.
Tn addition to a very large stock of the old ponul
thee, such 98 Iaabella, Catawha, Cifnton, 7 ag a aS
modesate supply of the following. ‘The plants re all stron,
and well rooted. Prices will be furnished on application:
Concord, Garrigues,
Diaca, Planhattan,
Delaware, Massachusetts White,
Rebecca, Franklin,
Hartford Prolific, Risinburg,
Northern Muscadine, North America,
Monteith, Onasidy,
Canby's ‘August (supposed Linco!
iD
sane af York Madelraand Wright's Taabelle,
Hyde's Fllzu,) Union Village,
po Mammoth Catayba,
Clara, Hensel’s Early,
Emily, Perkins,
Raabe, Winslosry
Rrinekle, Black German, or Marion
To Kalon, Port of Uhio,
Venango (or Miner's Seedl’g)
Many of these we have not yet fruited, and therefore can
say nothing of their quality,
For full and detailed loformation respecting the stock,
prices Wrms, &e., we refer to the following catalogues,
which will be seot gratis, pre-pald, to all who ioclose one
stamp for each:
No 1L—Descriptive Catalogue of Fruita,
No. 2—Descriptive Catalogue of Ornamental Trees, Shrubs,
Roses, &c,, &e.
No. £. Deseo ptlve Catnlogue of Dablias, Green-house and
ing Plante, Ac.
No. 4.—Wholesule Catalogue for Nargerymen, Dealers, and
‘others who Durclase In Inrse qnannities
ELLWANGER & BARRY,
6oL Mount Hope Nurseries, Rochester, N. Y.
peut AND ORNAMENTAL ITREES
FOR THE AUTUMN OF 1859.
ELLWANGER & BARRY )ave the pleasure of announe-
ing, 43 usual, ap immense stock of Prult ond Oraamental
Trees, Shrubs ond Plants for the ensuing Fall trade, and
wlicit early orders, every departinent the stock fs of
the finest description, vigorous, bealthy and beautiful. The
ulmost pains have been taken by the proprietors personally,
and their assistants, to Insure accoracy. nnd to this point,
and the genera) excellence of the stock, B, & 6. solicit
eapecial attention. Prices moderate and terms liberal, of
to the Priced Catalogues named
will be by reference
below, Parties Interested are Invited to examine the stock
in the grounds, snd consult the Priced Catwogues before
purchasing elsewhere,
‘The erult Department embraces Standard Frult Trees for
Orchards, eabraclng ail the most esteemed and valuable
8 rts for diff rent parts of the county.
Dwanr Trees, for Gardens—all the best varieties adapted
to werden culture in tals form.
GRares, hardy Varieties. Including all the new ones worthy
of cultivation, (see Special advertisement.)
Gnapea’'Forelan, for vineries, Including the Museat, Ham-
bro’, Stock wood Golden Hamburg, Lady Downs and other
new celebrated sorts,
SrRAWDERRIES—all the American and Forelgn varieties of
proved excellence fa this country.
BLAckbeantes—Dor-hester and New Rochelle or Lawton;
of the satter, a great stock of strong planta,
GooseBeAnnies—the best Eoglish sorts. nnd a greot stock of
the American Seedling, that bears wonderful crops and ls
exempt from milde
Cursants—White G:
rant,’ Cherr: Cu, &C,
ENOLIeN PILBENTS and SPANISiN CHESTNUTS,
Fias—several finest sorta.
Rionsrn—Lionaus, Giant Victoria, and several new and
fine English sorts.
Fruit Trees for Orchard Houses,
Dwyane Maren Trees, of Anole, Pear, Plum, Cherry, Aorl-
cot, &c,, of the finest sorts for pot culture or orchard
houses. Suitable selections made by B, & B,,if desired.
ORNAMENTAL DEPARTMENT.
The stock in this department is the largest and best we
have ever before offered, and embraces everything desira-
ble, new and old, among .
Deciovous OnNamentaL Trexs, Weeping Trees, Boergreen
Trees, Flowering Shrubs, Climbing Shrubs, Roses,
Pontes, Daldias, Phdowes, and ail the mort Ornament
Border Plants, |
Borsovs Roots, inclading Myaoclnths, Tuljpz, Narclasus,
Crocus, Lilies, Gladiolus, &c., &e. ——— bb
Stocks for Nurverymen.
Pear SeEpLinos, our own growth, 1 and 2 years,
Mazzanp Openny, | year.
Manalap dou, "2 and dyears.
orNce StooKs, 1 year from cuttings.
For full and detailed Information respecting the stock,
prices, terms, &c., we refer to the following catalosues,
Which will be sent gratis, prepaid, to all who laclose one
Not. i eacri ive Catal if Fruits.
‘o, 1.—Descriptive Catalogue of Fruits
No. 2—Descriptive Catalogue of Ornamental Trees, Shrubs,
#8, Oy KC, Z
No. 8.—Descrptive ba alogue of Dablias, Green-bouse and
Bedding Plants &c.
No, 4.—Wholesale Catalogue for Narserymen, Dealers, and
‘others who purchase in large quantities,
ELLY pbk & BARRY,
(the Inrgest and best white Cur-
1 Mount Hope Nurseries, Rochester, N. Y.
___ Mount Hope OS
INES.—For sale, atthe Schusler County
Gee Was Watky AS; Xi, 180.000 Tanbelln
i wha do. by 0.
Grape Vines, 20,00 Catal Me clibton Ao. Go,
July 29, 1899.
ILsoN’s AND PEABODY'’S SEEDLINGS!
Toll
era of the rf
ry ARG!
ost Oftice, 0 fe arrival in a soundand healthy condition,
Winns of the above fruit, at the following Very low rates
Panta for 60 cents: 40 do, for $1; 100 do, for #2: 600 do,
12 riot 000 do. for #12; 2,000 do. for #20—with full printed
{eEfhbtions for planting, ke. Address
BO 1. W. BRIGGS, Macedon Centre, N. ¥.
N. B.—Notes of any specie-paying Bank, received ai par.
WUs0n's ALBANY sWEDLING!
BEST AND MOST PROLIFIC STRAWBERRY !
Yiewn's Over 90 Busuxis Pan AckE!
an
very at Pac!
1.000; $8 for 5005" 41,50 for od: for 5. ‘Descriptive elret-
(0 TBAVRLING AGENT E: AD,
1 RICHARDSON,
mi A Hitiianp “albany, N. Xe
oor favorite for alx
Moonr’s Ronar New-Yorren ag pen {thout It for tr
r
years, and we would eo
¥ t is decidedly the beat family paper publish
Tee Gotta a darian Me Pledeunk Lowa,
2
(G
x {
yA DROS CRE!
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
THE CHILD-ANGEL.
BY IDA PATRFIELD.
Srx times bad tho pale moon waxed and waned,
Sereno on ber Heavenly way,
And the earth bad soared half round the sun,
Wailo the ange! dwelt in clay.
A boautifal spirit, pure and bright,
Eoshrined in a beautifal form,
With dark eyes gleaming like stars of night,
And soft lips, rosy and warm,
Had nestled closo on o Mother's breast,
Veiling his wings of light,
In the rounded grace of bis waxen arms,
And shoulders of matobless white,
Had smiled in love at the fond caress,
Gladdeniog his parent's hearts,
And filling bis homo with that holy joy,
Which innocence over imparts,
Had dally and hourly in beauty grown,
Linking oll hearts to his own,
With a love, immortal, as spirits are,
Who dwell by Jeuovan’s throne,
Bat the time of his sojourn quickly fled,
‘With the set of the April sun
The mandate came, “ Return unto Me,
‘Thy mission on earth is done,”
‘And death was sent to open the door—
The darksome door of the grave—
Through which the angel-child rotarned
To Heaven, and to Him who gave.
Through tho valley lone, and the shadow dark,
His path he in triumph trod,
For he bore the hearts he had won on earth
Safe vp to the throne of Gop.
Independence, N. ¥., 1959.
a
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
THE MORNING AND EVENING HOURS.
One was wafted on the wings of the night, radiant
with beauty, her brilliant plumage spangled with
glistening dew-drops! Slowly — majestically —
she seated herself upon her emerald throne, and
the gentle breezes, as they danced playfully by,
touched her robe and its silken folds floated lightly
in the air. Above her arched an azure canopy,
adorned with light, airy clouds, penciled with
gorgeous hues and lined with silver. Pure-robed
flowers greeted her and scattered drops of perfume
along ber pathway. Then from the east the sun
appeared, casting a bright halo of light over the
earth and bathing it in seaof gold, Then the
children of earth arose from their night couches
and hailed the new hour; the husbandman went
forth to his labors in the field, and the merchant to
his counting-room. The weary child of poverty
awoke from brightest dreams of wealth and sighed,
for Fancy had conducted him through the flowery
vales and by the rippling streams of Dream Land,
and there had he found all his fondest hopes real-
ized, his brightest visions fulfilled; but the morn-
ing hour with her dewy fingers oped his weary
eyes and led him out from the fairy domains into
this world of reality. Wearily he engages in the
labors of the day, cheered by no ministering angel
save the yoice of Hope, which points upward—on-
ward! Toil on tired wanderer! Soon will thy
weary pilgrimage cease, and thou wilt be called to
thy home above the sky! There sorrow shall not
chase the sunlight from thy heart, but white-robed
angels shall welcome thee home to Heaven.
The rosy hour has flown through the pearly
gates of Paradise, her pinions laden with many
‘an unkind act, wrong deed and unappreciated bless-
ing. But she became weury of her burden ere she
reached the throne of Gop and sank to rest neath
the Ocean of the Past. Yet, ere her form was
covered by the dark waters, the recording angel
caught the sins which she bore and laid them in
all their guilt before Gop, then traced them in the
book of Remembrance and blotted the soiled page
witha tear. Neyer more may we behold tho beau-
ties of that morning hour, for she has passed from
earthaway, Did she not carry with her the wrong
acts and thoughts of our hearts? And does not
each morning hour ascend Heaven-ward laden
with the burden of our sins?
Another came, and brought with it sweet rest
for the tired wanderer. It banished care from his
brow and sorrow from his heart; and, as he thought
of the little cottage amongst the trees, it gave new
strength to his fainting soul and cheered his heart.
Gloriously sang the bright stars together and the
sunset clouds lay piled against the western sky in
beautiful confusion, ever changeful, their light
ever growing dim, and dimmer. Fit emblem of
life with its ever varying clouds, now bright and
beautiful, now dark and lowering, then fading
away and to be scen no more forever. In this
dusky evening hour did the lonely one bow her
head in prayer to the Gop of Isreal, and implore
His divine aid to guide her—the light of His love
to radiate her heart. When the hour passed away,
it bore to Heaven the pleading of the worn wan-
derer and placed it laden with Faith at the Savior’s
feet, and he sent an angel of mercy down to our
earth and poured a healing balm into her wounded
spirit, and she knew that Gop had listened to the
voice of her petition.
A dying one greeted the evening hour and as the
pale rays of the moon rested upon her wan fea-
tures, a smile played about her fever-tinted lips and
she uttered the words « going home!” A fittime,
é ,
art thou, gentle twilight hour, in which for a white
robed angel to take its fight to Heaven,
The gay and joyous school-girl feels her heart
grow sadder at this hour, and jy her soul the purest
and holiest feelings gather home, Remembrance
gilds the past, and all the bright sconos of “long
ogo” re her. The birds have warbled their
good-night songs, and in tho broad-spreading
branches of the forest trees have gone to reat, No
thought of wrong entors the heart, naught saye
the affections which twine about it and blossom
MOORD’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
there. Many a joy, many a sorrow, did the gen-
tle hour bring to the children of earth, then de-
parted to dwell forever among the ruios of the
past. Thus the sisters journey on—one fresh and
glittering with dew-gems— the beauty of the other
only enhanced by a soft, hazy, veil thrown about
her, One awakes from slumber the sons of earth,
the other enfolds them in her gentle embrace, ond
leads them “through the green meadows and be-
side tho still fountains,” of Dream Land. They are
two angels of mercy sent to speak “peace” to the
weary ones of earth and lift their hearts from its
toils and sorrows to Him who is ever ready to
listen to their petitions. Morning, and evening!
Heaven-sent messengers, to bear our orisons up
to the throne of God!
‘Thos tho elsters Journey onward,
With tho earth they'll pass away,
One doth ope the gates of morning,
‘And the other, shuts the day!
Brighton, N. Y., 155. Minxce Louise.
—t
‘Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
PUBLIC WOMEN.
How can a lady who is striving in any measure
after perfection of character, voluntarily make
herself the “observed of all observers,” to a
crowd of curious gazers, who stare at her with un-
flinching curiosity, scrutinizing her person from
head to foot, and criticising her every feature,
every expression, every gesture, word and act ?—
Not merely the actors and speakers, but the singers
and popular readers of the present day are, to me,
I must confess, objects of disagreeable contempla-
tion, lauded and patronized, as they are, by respect-
able people. Icannot help regarding them—where
I know nothing of them except their profession —
with a sentiment very nearly allied to that which
rises spontaneously in the mind when we look on
one who has gone astray from the path of yirtue.
They certainly Aave departed from that sphere
wherein they were intended to serve Gop, and
bless mankind.
Is there a pure-hearted, pure-minded person,—
one whose natural instincts are allowed to speak
with their own voice,—that will gainsay this ?—
Does not all natural sense of propriety, all refine-
ment of taste, revolt from the sight, from even the
idea, of a woman thus signalizing herself? Can
we avoid looking upon such a character as one
who has overstepped the boundary of true woman-
hood? And could we choose such companionship
with any expectation that it would aid ws to rise in
the scale of moral excellence? If the tendency,
then, is not upward, must it not necessarily be
downward? Is there one, in all the crowd, in
whose presence such a woman stands, that will
not feel, instinctively, that she occupies a lower
level in his, or her estimation, than if she had been
found engaged in those duties, which, by general
consent, belong more appropriately to her own
sex? Can she long retain in such a situation that
modesty and purity of character which is woman's
crowning charm? If these things are so, then let
fall who have any influence, (and who has none?)
discountenance this evil to the utmost extent of
their power. M,. E. H,
Connecticut, July, 1859.
+e. —____
AMUSEMENT AS A PART OF EDUCATION.
Tuar which is recreation and diversion to the
man is nothing else than an accumulation of fa-
tigue for a child. In order to aid his physical
formation, greater reliance should be placed upon
amusements of his own choice than upon exercises,
motions, and even plays, prescribed to him after
a preconcerted plan. At an early age, one duty
cannot afford relaxation after another duty, On
the contrary, when an amusement is imposed upon
a child, it becomes a new fatigue forhim. Recrea-
tion and play are, no doubt, most necessary for
him, but only on condition that they must be of bis
own accord, free from that contention of mind
which is caused by doing a thing by compulsion,
or for the sake of obedience, Amusement without
perfect freedom of choice, is void of pleasure, and
it is not only pleasure which gives the charm to
amusement, but which by a natural reaction of the
moral and physical elements, renders it salutary.
Have we not seen, thousands of times, how warm-
ly children contend among themselves in their
plays? ‘(I won't play any more,” says the one
who thinks himself aggrieved. He thinks that he
has aright tosay so. The same child wouldnever
think of saying, “I won't study any more.” Com-
pel him to play at “hide and seek,” and at the end
ofa quarter of an hour he is tired of it; but had
he chosen this play, he would not be tired of it at
the end of four hours,
Parents who pretend to make the physical alter-
nate continually with the moral and intellectual
education, by arranging, after their own idea, the
exercises of the one and of the other, and who,
holding the child by the hand, compel him to go
round a prescribed circle, condemn him also to
slavery as tedious as it is useless. Let us always
remember, that in order to obtain a good physical
education, amusements and plays are of the great-
est importance; and secondly, that these cannot
be of any profit, but on two conditions, the one
being as essential as the other, viz., pure air and
perfect freedom.
ed
Harrrxess or Curupren.— Children may teach
us one blessed, one enviable art—the art of being
easily happy. Kind nature has given to them that
useful power of accommodation to circumstances
which compensates for many external disadvan-
tages, and it is only by injudicious management
that it is lost. Give him but a moderate portion
of food and kindness, and the peasant’s child is
happier than the duke’s; free from artificial wants,
unsatiated by indulgence, all nature ministers to
his pleasure; he can carve out felicity from a bit
of hazel twig, or fish for it successfully in a pud-
dic. I love to hear the boisterous joy of a troop of
ragged urchins, whose cheap playthings are noth-
ing more than mud, snow, sticks, or oyster-shells;
or to watch the quiet enjoyment of a half-clothed,
half-washed fellow of four or five years old, who
sits, with a large, rusty knife, and a lump of bread
and bacon, at his father’s door, and might moye
the envy of an alderman.—Sam Slick.
SATURDAY EVENING AT TWILIGHT.
Beswe my window now the light Is fading,
And one by one the shadows slowly come;
Anid still amid the dimness and tho shading,
Aro busy footsteps, hasting to thelr home;
Beneath each cottage roof doth welcome wait,
And tender forms are leaning on the gate.
The weck fs ended, snd though men are weary,
Yet there is gladness ’mid tho lines of care ;
While tuneful vofoes of the happy-hearted
Mingle their soft notes with the bymning air!
How blessed will be the mecting of ench circle,
Ouco more united for their evening prayer,
To this dim light tho heart is tarned to praising,
And fitted for the coming mornlog chime;
While all the anthems eweet which nature raises,
Waken to mom'ries of some olden tin;
Waken to yolces of tho old time calling—
Calling the long departed to another elime,
I know not why this darkness round me staying,
Should bring back loved ones that have pass’d away ;
Or why these tenrs adown my checks are etraying,
Or wakens in my heart this mournful Isy ;
My dead for years have pressed an earthy pillow,
Yet off they come to soothe my fevered way.
Oh! in such hours as these the fetters sever
That bind us to the clay, so full of rust;
And we, thus launched upon life’s crystal river,
Wash from our }ips and lives the wuysldo dost ;
Ere long from out this dimness we'll be gathered
Unto the hearth-stone where Is all our trust,
The shadows by my window now are deepened,
And wander in my room with nolseloss tread ;
And darkness, like a veil, is wrapped around me—
T fee) its hand upon my aching head;
So calm and etill, I'll kneel unto my praying,
While bending o’er me are the quiet dead.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
BEAUTY AND UTILITY.
However philosophers may attempt to account
for it—however they may theorize and speculate
about the matter—the fact still remains that every
one is pleased with whatever is beautiful. The
child, as soon a8 he can exercise the sense of
yision, reaches out toward the red taper. As he
grows older, he is pleased with images however
rudely carved or colored. Every bird that sings
above his head fills him with ecstacy, and he
involuntarily stretches up eager to grasp it.
Since we find this to be the case with the savage
as well as the civilized man, it becomes us to
inquire what was the design of the Author of
Nature in bestowing upon us this characteristic
quality; and it will require but a few moments
serious thought to convinge us that it was given
for some great and good purpose. The world is
full of beauty, and could man but keep free from
the gross things of the earth, which now so
occupy his time and attention, and have his mind
and vision clear to observe the glorious objects
that lie stretched at his feet—which hang above
his head—which float in the sir and surround him
on every side—he would never ask what object was
to be accomplished by this delicate organization of
the human soul.
There is, perhaps, scarcely any other study that
tends more to elevate, refine and purify the mind,
than a study of the things that Nature has so pro-
fusely thrownin our way. And nodanger need be
apprehended from a too careful scrutiny of their
peculiar properties and distinguishing character-
istics; for new beauties will continually burst upon
the view and surprise us at every step.
Yet many people seem to have so lost all relish
for these things, in which they once took the
greatest delight—to have become so materialized
as no longer to find any pleasure in them. Some
even appear to think ib a wicked waste of time to
cultivate flowers, and adorn their premises with
shrubs and trees, or to show any taste in the con-
struction of their houses and in the arrangement
of their gardens and fields, They have risen
above such things—have become men and put
away childish matters; never seeming to think
that, perhance, these were the very things designed
to help make them such children as are of the
Kingdom of Heaven. Who can look up into the
blue sky in the still hours of night, and contem-
plate the steady, ceaseless and unwearied march
of the sublime host spread out to his view, without
feeling a desire to riso above and be free from the
petty strifes and conflicts with selfishness to which
he is liable every hour? Or who can behold a
flower, growing far away in the wilderness, or on
the desert, without feeling his heart lifted with
thankfulness to Him who has everywhere put
something to please and cheer us, and teach a
lesson of meeckness and trust? But it may be
said that Beauty and Utility cannot well subsist
together—are almost antagonistic. The fulsity of
this opinion may be easily tested. Did any one
ever imagine that the sky displayed the starry
firmament any less beautifully because it is blue,
rather than black ?—or that the grasses and grains
of the fields, and the clothing of the trees, accom-
plish any less useful ends because they remain for
4 long time a green, rather than of some less
pleasant color?
And, in regard to the works of art, who will say
that house, built with neatness and taste, is any
less comfortable and convenient than one con-
structed in utter disregard of all rule? The fact
is, a building, or its furniture, or any other work
of art, not only gives more pleasure to every one
who beholds it, when made with due regard to
proportion in all its parts, but also is far less liable
to be carelessly injured, and when accidentally
damaged, is much more likely to be repaired acd
saved from further harm than one that has no
symmetry or beauty to be marred. We place
rude, unpainted seats and benches in our district
School-houses, with the expectation that they will
be whittled and soon spoiled, and we are not dis-
appointed. Now, if we should provide neat and
tasteful furniture for the school room, not only
would the different articles be agrecable objects of
sight to all the inmates, but would also be much
less injured, while, at the same time, many would
be saved from forming the bad habit—of which now
almost every boy is guilty — that of defacing and
mutilating almost everything that knife and pen-
cil can affect.
And then what attractions has a home where
everything is arranged to please and to improve!
Tow mavy youth might be prevented from taking
their first steps toward ruin in the strect-school,
and other places of resort for evening amusement,
were their houses made as inviting as a little
expenditure of time and money would make them!
And what arefuge from the cares and perplexities
of daily life is such a place! Come, look in with
us upon a happy family group of the olden time,
gathered about the large fireplace to pass the
long winter's evening. Hereis one little company
sewing and knitting, another shelling corn, while
one, chosen for the purpose, is reading for the
benefit of all. Now and then, as the reading pro-
ceeds and the narrative opens up scenes of thril-
ling interest, see the work drop from the hands of
this one and that one; and again, as they look
into the glowing coals, what wonderful thoughts
arise! What strange and almost bewildering
visions appear before the excited imagination!
But the cheerful and healthful fire-place is
almost wholly banished in our Northern States,
even from the houses of our farmers. Yet there
are many advantages offered us which our fore-
fathers could not afford to enjoy. Works of Art
and Nature, both ornamental and useful, appro-
priate for the interior of the house and for the
premises, are now brought within the reach of the
great mass of our people,
You may easily adorn your walls with maps,
and diagrams, and portraits—portraits of the
great and good, the story of whose deeds ond
noble examples, after being once recounted, shall
be repeated every time these silent preachers come
in view. And trees, tail and straight, may be set
out, the sight of which shall teach the rising
generations to be upright—to stretch forth their
hands with unwearied importunity toward heaven,
whence cometh all blessing, and to be deeply
rooted and grounded in that which is right, and
true, and good. And flowers may be cultivated,
the free and constant yielding of whose fragrance
shall teach them what silent, yet speaking power
there is in disinterested actions, and how beautiful
and useful is a life of good deeds, which must
ascend as a sweet smelling savor before the throne
of Gop.
Thus may be left a homestead to which your
descendents will ever revert with delight, as the
spot of all the earth most dear—that about which
cluster the most holy recollections.
Oberlin, Ohio, 1859. H.P.S,
os
HOME.
Howe: it isa little word; it has its own inter-
eats, its own laws, its own difficulties and sorrows,
its own blessings and joys. Itis the sanctuary of
the heart, where the affections are cherished in the
tenderest relations, where heart is joined to heart,
and love triumphs over all selfish calculations. It
is the training school of the tender plants, which
in after years are to yield flowers and fruits to
parental care. Itis the fountain whence come the
streams which beautify and enliven social life.
If any man should have a home, it is the man of
business. He is the true working-man of the
community, The mechanic has his fixed hours,
and when these have run their course, he may, ere
the day closes, dismiss all anxiety as his labors
ends, and seck the home circle. Comparatively
little has been the tax on his mind, and not much
more on his physical system, as he learns to take
all easy. But the man of business is under a con-
stant pressure. His is not aten-hoursystem, with
an interval of rest; but he is driven onward and
onward early and late, without the calculation of
hours, He must beemployed. In the earnestness
of competition —in the complexity of modern
modes of business—in the fluctuations which fre-
quently occur—in the solicitous dependence on
the fidelity and integrity of others—he has no
leisure moments during the day, With a mind
incessantly under exciting engagements, ard a
body without its appropriate nutriment, he may
well pant for home, and hail the moment when he
may escape from his tpils to seek its quiet, and its
affection and confidence.—/sauc Ferris.
2+
AUTHORSHIP.
Tne chief difficulty with an author is to get him
to begin. He will think about it, talk about it,
smoke over it, sleep over it, read on it. But he
usually dislikes to commithimself on paper. Once
let him get his pen at work, and if only the title is
written, it will, in a great measure, work itself
free and clear, With some men, to write the first
sentence is half the battle, especially if before this
be done, a sharp outline, a well defined plan, the
simpler the better, lie clearly in the mind. This
ought always to bethecase. Be it a book, an arti-
cle for a review, a poem, or a sermon, let these pre-
liminaries be ull clearly settled, and the introduc-
tory sentence once written, and with nine men out
of ten, all the rest will follow and flow softly and
evenly as ariver. Indeed, most persons will write
far better the more rapidly they compose, if they
have a clear plan in their minds. To write thus
with the blood boiling, then lay aside the manu-
script and correct it six weeks afterwards, with a
cool and dispassionate judgment, will generally
produce the best things a man can write on any
Subject.
————___+e+
Wasurxeto ox Vices anp Asvsewests—‘ Let
vice and immortality of every kind be discouraged
as much as possible in your brigade; and as a
chaplain is ullowed to each regiment, see that the
men regularly attend divine worship. Gaming of
every kind is expressly forbid, a3 the production
of evil, and the cause of many gallant and brave
officers’ ruin, Games of exercise and for amuse-
ments may not only be permitted, but encouraged.”
———.es
Mey may give good advice, but they cannot give
the sense to profit by it.
ee
“WHOM, NOT HAVING SEEN, WE Love.”
Tris casy to love when eye moots eye,
And tho glanco reveals tho heart,
When tho fush on the choek can the soul Despoak,
And tho lips in gladness part;
‘Thoro’s a thrilling of bliss in the loving kiss,
And aspellina kindly tone,
And tho «pirit bath chains of tonderncas
‘To fetter and bind its own,
Buta holler spell and a deeper Joy
From a purer fountain flow,
When tho soul sends highor {ts inconse fire,
And rests no more below ;
When the heart goes up to the gate of heaven,
And bows before the throne,
And striking its harp for sins forgiven,
Calls the Savior all its own.
Though wo gaze not now on tho lovely brow
That felt for us the thorn ;
Though afar from home we pilgrims roam,
And our fect with teil are worn;
Though we never have pressed that plorcod baad,
It is stretohed our lives above;
And we own His care, in grateful prayor,
“ Whom, not having seen, wo love.
Wo have felt him near, for many a year,
When at eve we bent the kneo
‘That meroy breath, that glorious faith,
Doar Saylor, came from thea,
When we stood beside the dying bed,
And watched the loved one go,
Tn the darkening hour, we felt His power,
And it hushed the waves of woe,
And atill, as we climb the hills of tine,
And the lamp of earth grows dim,
Wo are hastening on from falth to sight,
We are pressing near to him;
And away from idols of earthly mould,
Enraptured we gaze above,
And long to be where his arms enfold,
“Whom, not having seen we love”
SSS eee
DEVOTION.
Te we know that an individual holds comnrunion
with God, that fact tends to give us confidence in
him. Something within us tells us that the pray-
ing person is one who will not injure us, and one
whom we can safely trust. It was upon this prin-
ciple that an infidel who was traveling, and who
was overtaken by nightfall in o lonely and dan-
gerous place, confessed that he was relieved of his
fears of being assassinated, when the owner of the
cabin where he had taken shelter led the family in
prayer before retiring to rest. The infidel slept
soundly after such a manifestation of Christianity.
A cabin roofed and walled by prayer could not be
an unsafe place, he thought. We have authority
for another pleasing incident, illustrating the same
point. In exercising hospitality to a clergyman
who arrived at a dwelling late in the evening, the
heads of the house surrendered to him their own
chamber, Their little daughter, three years of
age, was asleep in the crib, and they concluded not
to diSturb her. Quite early in the morning she
awoke, and looking toward the bed usually ocou-
pied by her parents, saw a strangerthere. Atfirst
she was startled, and covered her head with the
counterpane. Soon, however, she peeped out and
said, “Man, do you pray to God?” “ Yes,” was
the answer, “I love God, and pray to him every
day.” This satisfied the little inquirer; she smiled,
turned over, and dropped asleep.
ae ee
THE FULLNESS OF CHRIST.
‘Tue happiness we derive from creatures is like
a beggar’s garment —it is made up of pieces and
patches, and is worth very little after all. But the
blessedness we derive from the Saviour is single
and complete. In him all fullness dwells. He is
coeval with every period. He is answerable to
every condition. Heis a physician to heal, acoun-
sellor to plead, a king to govern, a friend to sym-
pathize, a father to provide. He is a foundation
to sustain, a root to enliven, a fountain to refresh.
He is the shadow from the heat, the bread of life,
the morning star, the sun of righteousness; a//,
and inall. No creature can be a substitute for
Him, but He can supply the place of every crea-
ture. He is all my salvation, and all my desire;
my hope, my life, my glory, and joy.
Whom have I in heaven but Thee? and there is
none upon earth that I desire besides Thee. My
flesh and my heart fuileth, but Thou art the strength
of my heart and my portion forever. I cannot be
exposed, I cannot be friendless, I cannot be poor, I
cannot be fearful, I cannot be sorrowful, with Thee,
20+
Worrn or Cunistranirr.—We live in the midst
of blessings till we are utterly insensible of their
greatness, and the source whence they flow. We
speak of our civilization, our arts, our freedom, our
law, and forget how large a share is due to Chris-
tianity. Blot Christianity out of the pages of man’s
history, and what would his laws have been?
What is civilization? Christianity is mixed up
with our very being and our daily life; there is no
familiar object around us which does not wear a
different aspect because the light of Christian love
is on it—not a law which does not owe its great-
ness to Christianity—not a custom which cannot
be traced in all its holy, healthful parts to the Gos-
pel.—Sir Allen Park.
oe
Tue Bing tae Key ro re Hranr.—If I had
a lock of very complicated construction, and there
was only one key that would unlock it, T should
feel very sure that key was mado by one who
understood the construction of that lock. So when
[find that, notwithstanding all the windings and
mysteries of iniquity 19 the human heart, the Bible,
and the Bible only, i8 adeplanin it i a
i enetrate its most secret recesses,
pee ean to believe that the Bible was made
by Him who “alone knoweth the hearts of the >
children of men.”— Webster.
Dik
E
i.
hy
cation. [pp. 112] New York: D, appleton & Co,
Tar 8ixth Volome of this great National Work has
been istuod in # style equal to either of its predpeey
fo all respects, and ts on eale by subscription agen!
througout the country.
In noticing one of the early volumes of this Cyclo-
pxdia wo remarked tbat the publishers bad under-
taken “a giganto enterpriso—one which, if as success-
fol as istbus far promleesto bo, will farnish along-sought
des\doratam, and establish for its originators an bonora-
bie, wide and lasting reputation.” Herculean as was
the task, however, the editors and publishers have
Acquitied themeelves most nobly in producing and
presenting the rat #lx volumes, and oach successive
fasue of the work increases ‘our udmiration of the
enterprite and manner in which It 1s being conducted
toward completion, The present volume treats opon
many bighly inte ing and important subjects, and
the list of contribotors comprises quite an array of
names distinguished for talent and scholarship, One
of the best features of tho work is that it contains
blographics of eminent men, both living and deceased,
and in the volume before us this feature Is prominent
Among tho most noteworthy articles are those on Credit
Mobilier, Caba, Dam, Damascus Blades, Dauce of
Death, Denmark, Dartmouth College, Deaf and Dumb,
Dentistry, Dictionary, Distillery, Diving Bell, Divorce,
Dwarf, Echo, Eclipse, Eouador, Edinburgh Review,
Education, &e,, &o. We again commend the Cyclo-
pidin to all who desiro the most valuable work Issued
frown te American Press for many years. Sold in
Rochester by D. M. Duwny, Subscription Agent,
Exmyrextany Gnamaan, Eryvo.ogy anp Syntax
Abridged from the Octavo Edition of the * English
Langunge in tts Elements and Forms.” Designed for
General Use in Common School. By Wa. 0. Fow-
xen, late Professor of Rhetoric in Amberst College,
[16mo. pp. 224.) New York: Harper & Bros,
‘Tus large work, of which this is an abridgement,
designed for Common Schools, bad a very favorable
reputation, and the abridgement has the chief charac-
teristics of the former. To those who adopt the general
views of English Grammar, of which * Brown's Gram-
mar” is both substance and model, this Schoo) Gram-
mar will be acceptable, Seme particulars may give it
bigher value to some teachers, as the “Ancient or
Strong Conjugation,” and the “Modern or Weak Con-
Jugation.” There Is no Subjunctive Potential Mode, as
“UY I might study algebra, I should know.” Prof,
Fowrrr has given up tho old and absurd spelling
(mood) for Mode, which Inst alone has meaning or
propriety. The tencher will find also what all know
but the grammars, that you is singular as well as plural;
that when he says to Jonx, for his fine recitation,
“You hayo done well,” he speaks genuine English;
and that the subjunctive, “if you are and if he ts,” is
true English form of speech, as well as “if be loves.”
But, when tho teacher reads on page 75, “of the mod-
ern verb ‘to love,’” and asks how dove is modern, and
sing is ancient, the anewer is not in the book. The
lovers of the “good old ways” of English Grammar
will approve and may well use this work. Rochester—
Dawe.
Couxrny Lire: A Handbook of Agriculture, Horti-
culture and Landscape Gardening. By R. Moneis
Corttann, Boston: John P. Jewett & Co.
Tui Js 4 beautifully printed and finely illustrated
book of ovor 800 pages. It is, unquestlonably, gor op
with a good deal of labor, but an author who under
takes to teach Agriculture, Horticulture and Landscape
Gardoning in one work, we think attempts too much,
He must depend upon standard authorities for his facts,
and becomes a compiler—the merit of the work being
shown in the care and Judgment with which selections
are made. A cursory examination of the volume leads
ns to think tho author bas performed his work exceed-
ingly well, and we notice many yaluable things that
have not before como under our obsorvation. It gives
4 mass of valuable information in a very convenient
form, and we commend it to those of our readers whose
Iibraries aro not furnished with standard works on the
subjects treated of in its pages. For sale by the book-
sellers generally.
M. T. Croznonts Dx Ovvro1s, Libri Tres. With Mar-
ginal Analysis and English Commentary. Edited for
the 8yndics of the University Press by the Rev. Hu-
nent Asnton Houpex, M. A., Vice-Principal of
Cheltentiam College, &0. First American Edition,
corrected and enlurged, By Cuaries Antuox, LL.
D. Professor of Greck in Colambla College. '(pp.
815.) New York: Harper & Bros.
‘Tus is tho famous work of C1ozx0 on Moral Philoso-
phy or Duty, issued from the University Press in Eng-
land, a8 edited by a distinguished English Scholar and
Vice-President of Cheltenham College. The object
was to givo to the student the most correct copy of the
original, with a ranning Commentary in English. Rev.
Dr. Axton, #0 widoly known by his learned notes
and commentaries on several of the Latin Classics, has
Glven us tho First American Edition of the above
named work, enriched by his own corrections, addi-
{ions and omendations. Tho difficulties in the original
are chiefly romoved, nt least in this, as it has been well
called variorum Edition, Rochester—Dewey.
Panxwet; or, Tho San Jacinto in the s if Indi
China and Japan, By Wituram Maxwant Woon)
8..N. (pp. 615] New York: Horpor &
Brothera.,
Axrnovon wo are but midway between “Title Page
and Finis” in our perusal of this very interesting book,
Wwe cannot refrain from calling the attention of that
class of readers who delight in Travels, Descriptions of
the World Abroad, etc., to this last production of Dr,
Woon. Thoso who have followed him in his “ Wan-
dering Sketohes in South America and Polynesia,”—
have watched him aos be applied “A Shonider to the
Wheel of Progress,” — will not need our commenda-
ton of his writings —terso, vigorous and graphic as
they always are, The typography is in the usual good
style of the firm ‘onognced as publishers. For sale by
Dewey,
reece,
Sitaxrns. Compendium ef the
ciples, Rules and k,
Dootrines of the United Bo Sovornmenty and
Christ's Second Appearing.
Ang, Jie, Willan Ete, Sax Whitan e e ape
[pp. 189] New York: D. Appleion & cu ast
We are indebted to friend D, o, Beas,
Soclety of Shakers, New Lebanon, N. Sy aia ne of
this work. Itis, as its title implies, a Compendium of
Shakerism, comprising, in a condensed form, much
information respeating that remarkable sect, and such
Ashas heretofore been spread through five or six vol.
Ames, Tho volume will prove interesting and valuable
‘all who desire information concerning the Shakers,
thelr history, doctrines, &c. a
‘Tie Magaztves for August bave been received and
sre usually interesting and attractive, The Atlantic,
Harper's Monthly, The Knickerbocker, and Godey's
espectally rich and readable this
month, while others are well sustained. Most of the
magazines commenced new volumes with July, and
Lady's Book are
Senerally under very favorable auspices.
SAA Ns
Books Received.
Penaonat Recoiurctions or Tue Amenican Revouy-
ior. A private Journal, Prepared from Anthentio
Domestic Records. Together with Reminisoonces of
Washington and Lafayette. Edited by Sipvex Ban-
oLaY. [16mo, pp 251.) New York: Rudd & Carle
ton, Bochester—D. M. Dawsr.
Ton Lire or Gew. Ganrpaupr. Written by himself,
With Sketches of nl mpanions in Arms. Trans.
lated by his Friend aud Adviser, Tazopoar Dwiour,
autborof a Tour to Ltaly in 1821,” "The Roman
Republic in 1549,” eto. Embellisned with a fine
Engraved Portrait on Steel. [16mo—pp. $20] New
York: A. 8. Barnes & Burr. Rochester E, Dansow
& Buotuan
Tow Roman Quration. By E. Asour. Translated
from the Frenca by H.C Coarz. [16mo.- pp. 219.)
New York: D, Appleton & Co, Rochester—Avaas
& Daunny,
Tis Eannear Cnniatian, Memoirs, Letters, and Jour-
Hanuier Manta Jakes, wife of the tute Rew,
Manx BR. Jakes, Compiled and Edited by Mra. H.
A. Ginpeer. [pp. 814) Now York: Robert Carter
& Bros, Roovoster—avaus & Dasye’
Toe Brsis iy Tux Levant; or tho Life and Lettors of
the Rey, O, N. Kioures, Ageotof the American Bible
Boolety in the Levant. By Samo. leenavs Paina,
pp. 836} Boston: Gould & Lincoln, Kochester—
BWEY.
Tre Exp.oirs AND Terumrns, 1y Evrorz, or Pavn
Mokrpeny, the Oness Cosmpion; inciading an Histori-
cal Account of Clubs, Biographical Sketches of Fa-
mous Players, and various Lofurmation aod Anecdote
relating to the Noble Game of Oness By Paul Mor-
hy’s Late Secretary. (16mo—pp 203.) New York:
b. Apploton & Co, Roshester—Dawey.
Toa Tix Tevurer; or, Heads and Tails for the Wise
and Wagetsh A New American Edition, with Altor-
ations and Additioos. (pp 262] New York: D.
Appletoa & Ov, Roohesier—Dewsy.
ELuen Monpaont; or, The Fratts of Truo Religion.
Lop. cot Philadelphia: American Sanday Schvol
Union. Rochestor—Avams & DaBney,
Lizzi CLatne; or The Last Penny. (A small Jaye-
nile, publisned and sold us above.)
Powys. By Ans Wurrwey. [pp. 161] Now York:
D, Appleton & Co, Rochester—Apams & Dapney.
Spice from New Books.
Washington.
In the year of our Lord 1790, I stood upon the
door-step of the counting-house, of which I was
then but the youngest clerk, when the companion
beside me hurriedly said, “There he comes!—
There comes Washington!” I looked up Pearl
street, and saw approaching, with stately tread
and open brow, the Father of my country. His
hat was off, for the day was sultry, and he was
accompanied by Colonel Page and James Madison.
Never have I forgotten, nor shall I to my dying
day forget, the serene, the benign, the godlike ex-
pression of the countenance of that man of men.
His lofty mien and commanding figure, set off to
advantage by an elegant dress, consisting of a
blue coat, buff small-clothes, silver knee and shoe
buckles and white vest; his powdered locks, and
powerful, vigorous look, (for he was then in the
prime and strength of his manhood,) baye never
fuded from my mind during the many years which,
with all their chances and changes, haye rolled
between.—Fersonal Recollections of the American
Rerolution.
La Fayette's Visit,
Tue most delightfal recollections of my earliest
childhood are those of the visit of General De La
“Fayette to America, The splendid pageant of his
entrance into this city is indelibly imprinted on
my memory; as is also the being held on men’s
shoulders in the Park, after viewing, in all its
pompous length, the procession, to behold the
benevolent and beaming countenance of one whom
Thad been taught to revere. Afterwards, too, the
honor that I felt in being taken by the hand by this
great and brave man, my beart beating proudly fhe
while beneath the ribbon badge which I wore,
stamped with his features, and with the words,
“Welcome to the Nation's Guest.” Ob, happy day
for me! thrice happy and glorious to him!—Z),
The Old House,
‘Tere was one article in the house which had
belonged to the Washington family, and only one.
It was an old mirror. It fitted over the mantel-
piece underneath the wainscotting, and was never
removed. Well do I remember, when a mere
child, being told this by an old servant, and how I
gazed upon it with veneration, because it had often
reflected the face and form of the beloved Wash-
ington. It was held as a relic of him, Manya
weary night when I have lain sleepless on my
bed, the wind whistling mournfully without, o
lonely feeling would creep over me as I looked
upon the wainscotted walls of The Great Room,
the old blue tiles of the large fire-place, and the
deep embrasured windows, and felt the stillness so
profound within that I could almost hear the beat-
ing of my own heart. Then the terrors of a fear-
ful imagination would be exorcised, as the words
of my mother seemed to whispermeagain; “When
vain fears disturb thee, remember the good man
who once lay where thou liest, and be thankful.—
The dark vision will be dispelled.”—/b.
Loneliness of Great Cities,
Tue vaster the crowd the more solitary the indi-
vidual, the morelonely the heart. “No one,” says
arecent writer, “is known in London; it is the
realm of the incognito, and the anonymous, Itis
nota place, but a region, oraState. There is no
Such thing as Jocal opinion in the metropolis ;—
mutual personal knowledge there is none; neigh-
borhood, good repute, bad fame, there is none.
No house knows the next door. How is aman to
show what he is, when he is but a grain of sand
out of a mass, without relations to others, without
a place, without history, without distinctiveness?
Crowds pour along the streets; and although each
has his own character written on high, they are
one and all the same to men below.”
This is true, though of course in a less degree,
with every great city, especially to the young and
unfriended stranger, All at once he passes from
the midst of a friendly neighborhood—where every-
one knows another, where the eye of every one is
on his brother, and where the slightest incident of
weal or wo affecting any of its members, is the
theme of interested converse around each cottage
hearth—to almost an absolute solitude. In fact,
in those vast wildernesses of streets, and lanes,
and noisome courts and alleys, of which the low-
er parts of our great cities consist, while the worst
vices of social Alte are generated to the utmost,
Society, in the true sense of the word, can scarcely
Ba said to exist. ‘There are few ormoties of mutual
Knanledgo, common interest and friendly neigh-
a ‘ood, Such as bind the inhabitants of a Rang
pee Para together, and which make
“ u ic ivi q
ized society.—North par he aD Orga
THE VALLEY OF JEHOSIAPHAT,
How any sane man can doubt Bible history,
while there exists such abundant and enduring
evidence of its truth, we cannot comprehend—
while Jerusalem, with its magnificent temple and
massive walls lies in ruins—while the Jordan still
rolls its floods to mingle with the dark waters of
the Dend Sea, and the Lake of Galilee mirrors on
its transparent surface sky and cloud, as it did
when the Redeemer fed the famishing thousands
upon its shores and walked upon its bosom—while
Bethany, and Nazareth, and Olivet, and Calvary,
still proclaim the death and triumph of Israel's
Gop.
The Valley of Jehoshaphat, called in the Bible and
Josephus, the Valley of Kedron, commences on
the north-west of Jerusalem in two gentle depres-
sions and, encompassing the city on the north and
east, terminates in another similar yalley on the
south and west. It is now called the Valley of Je-
hosaphat by Jews, Christians and Mohammedans.
In this valley is the Fountain of Yn-rogel, and its
present appearance is shown in the engraving,
which was sketched on the spot by Mrs, Saran
Barciay Jonxsox, and published in her work,
“ The Hadji in Syria.”
The earliest mention of En-rogel occurs in the
book of Josbus, where it is twice mentioned (xy.
7, and x 16) as a landmark of division between
Judah and Benjamin. In the Septuagint it is
called fountain in each of these places, as it is also
by Josephus; and in 2 Sam. xvii. 17, where it is
next mentioned as the lurking-place of Zadoc and
Abiathar, until they could receive tidings of the
Stato of matters in Jerusalem, in order to bear
them to David while fleeing from Absalom. The
next and only other mention of En-rogel is in con-
nection with the rebellion of King David’s other
rebel son. For it was doubtless just here, upon
some one or other of the large rocks still remain-
ing between the Mount of Offence and Hill of Evil
Council, that the evil-counseled “ Adonijah slew
sheep and oxen and fat cattle, by the stone of
Zaheleth, which is by En-rogel,” and called his
accomplices to eat. But alas! when the state of
matters in the city became known, ‘‘all the guests
of Adonijah were afraid, and made an end of eat-
ing, and rose up and went every man his own
way; and Adonijjah feared because of Solomon,
and arose and went and caught bold of—the horns
of the altar—instead of the sceptre!”
CHANICS
—————
PHILGSOPHYIE Z
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
ONE HUNDRED YEARS AGO.
Tue year 1759 belongs to a most important era
in the world’s history.; Great events were then
transpiring,—events which have éhanged the
destiny of nations and of races,—but the impor-
tance of which was, of course, far less understood
then than now. As there may be a natural and
laudable curiosity to know what our great-grand-
fathers and our great-great-grandfathers were
doing and talking about one hundred years ago,
I purpose presenting a slight sketch of the most
important events of the year 1759, reviewing, also,
enough of the history of preceding years, to ren-
der the narrative intelligible,
Then, as now, war was raging fiercely in Narope.
The perfidy of one bold, bad man, Frenertok of
Prussia,—sometimes called Prepenick the Great,—
had drawn upon him the vengeance of the neigh-
boring nations. The occasion was this. Prussia
had some ancient pretensions to the Austrian
province of Silesia, and the accession of the young
and apparently helpless Mania Tueresa to the
Austrian throne, in 1740, seemed to Frepenricx to
present s good opportunity to assert those preten-
sions and take possession of the coveted territory.
It is true, that by a treaty known as the “Prag.
matic Sanction,” Prussia had united with the
other great powers in guaranteeing the integrity
of the Austrian Empire, and at the accession of
the young Queen, Faepenick had been foremost
in his professions of friendship. But in spite of
the plainest rules of common honesty, and the
obligations of recent treaties, Frepenick sent an
army into Silesia, and formally annexed it to his
dominions. Immediately France ond Bavaria,
whom shame had hitherto restrained, incited by
this successful villainy, hastened to join in dis-
membering the Empire, and to sbare in the spoils.
But it was not the purpose of Freperick to allow
others to obtain part or parcel in the dismember-
ment of Austria, and after a fierce conflict the
treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle was concluded in 1748,
Prussia retaining Silesia, and France and Bavaria
gaining nothing.
But the peace was only a hollow truce, The
Empress Queen of Austria could not thus easily
forget the great wrong which she had suffered.
Eight long years she spent in preparations fora
coming struggle with the spoilers of her throne,
Eight years she spent in organizing a combination
of States, such as never before or since has united
in attacking @ State so comparatively small as
Prussia, At length, in 1756, when all prepara-
tions were made, Frepenick found himself at war
not only with Austria, but with France, Russia,
Saxony and Sweden. It seemed that Prussia
could not stand against such a combination for a
single campaiga. A population of less than five
million was attacked by nations numbering over
one hundred million. Such was the beginning
of the long and bloody “Seven Years War”—
memorable alike in Europe, in India, and the
memory of which is still perpetuated in our own
country by many a tale of French and Indian
atrocities along our then Western Frontier.
It is not our purpose to trace the history of all
the brilliant achievements of Freperick in that
contest, in which he maintained, with some re-
verses, his position, and by his ability and vigor
proved himself the greatest military chieftain of
the age, The war was raging most fiercely just
about an hundred years from the summer of 1859.
For three years had the military genius of Frep-
ERICK Sustained him against the powerful combi-
nation. Soon the combination began to break—
first Russia withdrew from the contest, then
France, and Austria was left to maintain the con-
flict alone. Though stronger and wealthier than
Prussia, she could scarcely hope to conquer, and
at last, in 1763, peace was again declared—Fraep-
enick still retaining Silesia, which not all his
enemies combined could wrest from him.
Tn the meantime, France and England had been
at war, not only in Burope but wherever the spirit
of mercantile enterprise or territorial aggrandize-
ment brought them together. The middle of the
Fighteenth Century found them striving for India,
and for the supremacy of the North American
Continent. The vast Empire which the genius of
Dupverx bad founded, and almost consolidated in
India for France, was quickly overthrown by the
military genius of Curve, then a young man in the
service of the East India Company, and before the
year 1759 England had driven the French from
India, though she had yet scarcely laid the foun-
dation of her present East Indian Empire,
Tn America the French had been for many years
building o long string of military posts, from
Quebec to New Orleans, in order to prevent the
progress of English power west of the Alleganies,
and with the Indians were harrassing our west-
ern frontier and menacing the very existence of
the infant Colonies of England in the New World.
In 1755 Gen. Brappock was sent out to repulse
the French, and if possible, to destroy their chain
of forts. In the contest which followed, Geonce
Wasuixoton, a young Virginia Colonel, first be-
gan to distinguish himself as the military leader
of the American people. It was not, however,
till 1759, that the pretensions of the French to the
Canadas were destroyed, in the decisive capture
of Quebec by Wotre, and English supremacy in
America was established, though still leaving to
France the vast and indefinite territory of Louis-
iana.
During the few years preceding 1759, and while
most of these events were taking place, Wintiam
Pirr was at the summit of power in England, and
these brilliant victories of Unglish arms in the
Last and in the West, had made him almost the
idol of the English people, But these victories
had laid the foundation of the yast national debt,
which, comparatively small then, was yet hard to
be borne. A few more years, and an absurd at-
tempt to tax the American Colonies, as the easiest
way to dispose of this indebtedness, resulted in
stripping England of the most yaluable empire
which she had founded.
How strange are the events of history! Who
would have surmised that the brilliant successes
of English arms about the middle of the Eight-
eenth Century, were, in a few years, to result in
her own humiliation, not only by engendering an
oppression which should driye the Colonies to
Revolution, but still more, in the “Seven Years
War,” which, by uniting the Colonies and deyelop-
ing their strength and military powers, could
alone render such revolution possible or effective.
Henrictta, N. Y., July, 1859, W. J.P.
Mustc.—There is something very wonderful in
music. Words are wonderful enough; but music
is even more wonderful, It speaks not to our
thoughts as words do—it speaks straight to our
hearts and spirits, to the ire and root of our
souls. Music soothes us, stirsusup; itputs noble
feelings into us; it melts us to tears, we know not
how; it is #langnage by itself, just as perfect in
its way as speech, as words; just as divine, just as
blessed —Kingsley's Sermons.
Tren is this difference between hoppiness and
wisdom; he that thinks himself the happiest man
really is so; but he that thinks himself the wisest
is generally the greatest fool.
“A FEW WORDS ABOUT DOGS.”
Messus. Evs:—Noticing in the Youxo Rumat-
ists’ department in a late issue of your valuable
paper, & rather destroying article on dogs, I deem
it my privilege to claim a corner in the Runat,
through which I may exercise my feeble influence
in averting an entire nnibilation of the canine
race. W. H. H. P. seems to cherish a mortal
antipathy against the whole race of dogs, and
assuming the spirit of a dog-exterminator of 1857,
declares himself ready to enter upon acampaiga
of universal extermination. Now, I have sound
reasons for cherishing very different regards for
the canine race, and while willing to admit that
there are some really worse than worthless, I
cannot divine the propriety of condemning the
whole family as a public nuisance. Because “Old
Fratchie” will toss up her head and kick the milk-
maid over every time she approaches her for the
purpose of milking, may not the maid with equal
propriety shower about “Old Brockle’” epithets of
resentment, who always adjusts berselfin a proper
position and patiently waits the process?
The dog is certainly a noble animal, and well
adapted to the services of man, and particularly
the farmer. The services which he can render
him are many, and amply repay the expense of
keeping him. He may be taught to act the part
of “Cow-boy” with much more faithfulness than
most of such human officials, And the office he
fills during the night, in many cases, renders bim
decidedly valuable. The owner under whose
supervision the dog is reared, is responsible for
that dog’s demeanor, as any dog may be taught to
know what is right for him, and what is not—to
a sufficient degree, at least, to render him harm-
less, and at the same time useful. Those “yelping
curs,” which assail my friend at every house, in
“duplicates,” have evidently been spoiled in bring-
ing up, and therefore do not think it wrong te
publicly attack their common enemy, and vindicate
their glorious rights of speech, as become Ameri-
can citizens, Or there may be some peculiarity
about him, that excites their special animosity,
He should consider these things before he makes
any rash move, and ifhe finds then he has cause
to “gird on the armor,” and “wage a war of
extermination,” let me entreat him to spare those
venerable specimens, who have been the pride of
the household, and the cherished and confiding
playmates of the merry little ones, W. Ct
Podunk, Genoa, N. Y., July 15, 1859,
QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION.
Eps. Rurat:—Having seen a letter from o
Youna Runauist requesting some one familiar
with debating societies, to send a few questions
which would promote discussions, I send the fol-
lowing, upon the most of which I have heard
good debates:
Resolved, That the Indian is more worthy our
commiseration than the negro,
Resolved, That fictitious works are dangerous
to the morals of the young.
Resolved, That the accession of Territory to the
United States is desirable.
Resolved, That foreigners should be deprived of
the right of suffrage.
Resolved, That American literature at the pres-
ent day is more beneficial than English literature,
Resolved, That farming is the most ennobling of
all occupations,
Resolved, That poverty is better than riches.
Resolved, That our army and navy should be
increased.
Resolved, That the annexation of Cuba to the
United States-is desirable,
Resolved, That small farms are more profitable
than large ones,
Resoloed, That the United States is destined to
have o downfall.
Resolved, That the raising of stock is more prof-
itable than that of grain.
Resolved, That the female mind is as capacious
as that of the other sex.
Elkhorn, Wis., July, 1859, A. J. Wieerrn,
PRESERVATION OF BIRDS,
Eps. Rurat:—I see attention called to the
preservation of birds, in a late number of the
Rurax. Notwithstanding the fact that many boys
and men do kill birds, my attention has been
ealled to the fact that cats are at this season of
the year very destructive to the young birds. One
cat kills regularly from ene to five each day.
Whole nests are suddenly depopulated just as the
young are about to fly; and since, in my opinion,
cats are, at best, a nuisance, let every one that is
guilty of this crime be killed.
Robins haye been very troublesome this year,
I infer trom this fact, the late frosts destroyed
many insects upon which they lived. My plan to
drive them from ripening fruit, is to place the
image of a man in the midst, and once or twice a
day to fire several charges from a pistol near it,
This scares them away and has proved effectual,
‘West Bloomfeld, N. ¥- Marx D, Witton,
A Panacraru ror Boys.—It is one of the beset-
ting sins of the young men in this extravagant
age, to endeavor to get rid of work by seeking for
easy and lazy employment, and the consequence
is, that many of them turn out worthless vaga-
bonds. Boys, avoid this whirlpool as you woulda
plague spot; banish from you the dangerous de-
sire to live without work. Labor is honorable,
dignified; it is the parent of health, wealth and
happiness; look upon it as an invaluable blessing,
and never as a burden or curse. Shun idleness
and sloth; pursue some honest calling, and benot
ashamed to be useful,
Maxe good use of time, if thou lovest eternity;
yesterday cannot be recalled—to-morrow cannot
be secured—to-day only is thine, which, if once
lost, is lost forever.
g)portent to Farmers and Dairymen—Phillips, Sampeon
ompany,
To House keepers—fometbing New—B. T. Babblty
Ftalliou Philip alien avutey & BYOWET |
ee Linse op 2 Fuulser— creer EB
vale cil
on Yous. J Wilkins Kooper, ai
Sis ioe eee sea
Dilddiebury aca” emy—Ab Weed,
Hew Ui Advertisements on page 3.
FProjt and Ornamental Trees for the Au.umn of 18:9 EU.
wange: &
New uwoy Urapes—Ellwanger & Barry.
ie eearesed eee Ue oa ny
Dee .
Fomeng Orpameutal Trees, kona. Fron eee
ROCHESTER, N. Y., AUGUST 18, 1859,
ADVANCE:
TERMS, IN
went
birt y~
And ap Extra Copy, free, to
every person remitting for #
alab of six or more copies; and Two free eoples for every
@lnb of Thirty or over, As anew Half Volume commenced
Joly 24, Now 18 Tox Tie to form Clubs for elther Six
Months or a Year, All persons who form new clubs to com-
menoe with Jaly, or introduces the Roraw Sn localities
where it !s pot now taken, will be Nberally remunerated for
‘thelr time and attention.
S77 Back aumbers from April or January can etl) be
forniabed, If desired. We will eend Epecimen Nombera,
Bhow Bills, &c., to all applicants, and to the addresses of ag
‘many noD-subecribers as may be forwarded,
————
DOMESTIC NEWS.
Matters at Washington.
Tnx Indian Bureau bas been officially informed
that the Indians of New Mexico show strong indi-
cations of hostility, One of the U.S. Deputy Sur-
yeyors bad been forced to abandon his survey by
aband of Apaches, The Opata Indians were com-
mitting great ravages in Northern Sonora—shoot-
ing men and ravishing women. The troops seem
to be afraid to attack them. An American citizen
belonging io Arizona, is in jail in Magdelena for
no offence, and fears are entertained that he would
be murdered. It is utterly impossible for on
American to travel now in Sonora without beiog
massacred and robbed of everything, It is the
intention of the government to establish posts on
the frontier of the Apache country.
The States mentions the reception of important
private dispatches from Northern Mexico, stating
that it is expected within the next ninety days
8,000 American troops will be organized on the Rio
Gronde, properly armed and equipped, forthe pur-
pose of marching on the city of Mexico, and extery
minating the whole Miramon faction.
The President called a meeting of the Cabinet on
the 3d inst., to consider the dispatches from Minis-
ter McLane, in relation to the Treaty with the
Constitutional Government of Mexico. It is reli-
ably ascertained that several months ago the Mira-
mon government invited France and England to
assume the protectorate of Mexico, but they have
given no response to the proposition.
The receipts into the Treasury for the quarter
ending with June, exclusive of the trust funds,
Were $23,126,452, inclading $14,251,000 from cus-
toms, $442,376, for public lands, $800,200 from
Treasury notes issued under the act of Congress of
1857. The expenditures during the same period
were $26,212,000 including $10,006,000 in payment
of Treasury notes, and $1,584,000 interest on pub-
lic debt including Treasury notes,
Much speculation is indulged as to the action of
our government on Mr, McLane’s recent dispatches,
but as these hyae been kept perfectly secret, noth-
ing is known outside of the Administration, except
the fact that instructions are on the way to our
Minister by a special messenger. By advices just
received here, it appears that Juarez declines
Signing a treaty without the approyal of the Mexi-
can Congress, and one cannot be called until the
Liberals obtain possession of the city of Mexico.—
This, however, is not the only difficulty. A con-
spiracy was discovered in the Capital on the 11th
ult., a plan of which was to assassinate the Gover-
nor, and take possession of the Government.
The construction of the Washington National
Monument, after a suspension of several years, is
about to bo resumed. Systems to raise funds for
the prosecution of the work have been put in ope-
ration, and it is proposed to request the Post
Masters throughout the country to give aid to the
enterprise by placing boxes within their respective
offices for the reception of contributions, and for-
warding the returns to Washington. A few cents
& month from the 30,000 post-oftices, would suffice
ina few years to raise the sbaft to its intended
helght.
Personal and Political.
Hox. Rictagp Rusn, died in Philadelphia, last
Week, aged 79. Me was the son of the celebrated
Benj. Rush, who was a member of the Continental
4nd who signed the Declaration of Inde-
- He was Minister to England under
Monroe; Secretary of the Treasury un-
it Adams; Special Agent to England
ident Jackson; and Minister to France
esident Polk.
Tux telegraph announced the death of the Hon.
Horace Mann, on the afternoon of the Jd inst, at
Yellow Springs, Ohio, his recent residence,and the
scene of bis latest labors. Mr, Mann was born at
Franklin, Massachusetts, in 1796, He graduated
at Brown University in yay9 H
, and studied law at
Litchfield, Connecticut. He entered upon the
practice of his profession at Dedham, and while
there was elected to the Stato
moved to Boston in 1836, where he was elected to
chosen President of the Massa-
of ‘Education, and Was then elected
gress, serving from 1849 to 1853.
Education, however, was the special object which
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
close of his Congressional term, he engaged in
the establishment of Antioch College, at Zellay,
Spriogs. He became its President and also P reai-
dent of the Northwestern Christien University at
Todianapolis, and the close of his life was fiuingly
8pent in labors ealonlates w qe educational
Christian knowledge.
Perea Gari, Judge of the United States
District Court for Alabama, died on the 2lst ult,
The deceased was twice Governor of Alabama, and
represented the Mobile district ove term in the
Congress of the United States. He was appointed
in 1849, by President Taylor, Judge of the Upited
States District Court for the District of Alabama,
which position he continued to occupy up to the
time of his death.
The Republican Convention st Leavenworth,
Kansas, on she 3d inst, nominated Marcus J. Par-
rott for delegate to Congress.
A vispatcn from Louisville, says “the Con-
greasmen elected are as follows :— First District,
Burnett, dem,; 2d district, Peyton, dem.; 8d dis-
trict, Bristow, opp.; 4th district, Anderson, opp;
5th district, Browo, dem; 6th district, Gerrard,
dem; 7th district, Mailory, opp.; 8th district,
Simms, dem., probably ; 9th district, Moore, dew.,
probably; 10th district, Stevens, dem. The re-
turns received thus far indicate the election of
Magoflio, dem., for Governor, and thut the State
Legislature, on joint ballot, will have o small dem-
ocratic majority.’”
Laten.—The retorns indicate the clection of
Moore to Congress, in the 9th district, and Adams
in the 6th district. Both are opposition candi-
dates. The vote is close and doubiful.
Atapawa has elected an entire Democratic dele-
gation to Congress, as follows:—Ist district, Jas.
A. Stallworth; 2d, Jas. L. Pugh; 8d, David Clop-
ton; 4th, Sydendam Moore; 5tb, Geo. S. Houston;
6th, W.R. W. Cobb; 7tb, J. L. M. Curry. Pugh
and Clopton are new members. All the others
were members of the last Congress. A.B. Moore,
dem., is re-elected Governor by a large majority,
Ix Tennessee, Harris, dem, is elected Governor
by about 6,000, The opposition have elected Con-
gressmen in the 2d, 8d, 4th, 5th aud Sth districts,
and probably the 1st, and the democratic candi-
dates are chosen in the 6th, 7th and 10th. Thedth
district is still doubtful, The Legislature is dem-
ocratic,
News Paragraphs,
In New York there has been formed a Young
Men’s Early Rising Association, all the members
of which are pledged to be up ata certain hour.—
It originated with about half a dozen men, who,
having kept up this habit for some years, were
surprised at its beneficial effects, and at the suc-
cess in life of their associates.
TrimLe county, Ky, it is supposed, furnishes
more blackberries than any place of its size in the
world, The pickivg and forwarding to the Cincin-
Dati market has been reduced to asystem, and it is
found that the receipts of » season, which lasts
aboutsix weeks, are notless than $25,000, Pickers
average from $1,20 to $2,50 per day.
Tu eye of Napoleon III. is sharp, and it ranges
over the wide world. A splendid spanking pair
of night-black horses, Jately owned by Mr, Sander-
son, of Somerville, N. J., have just been sold to his
Imperial Highness for $4,000, and left for the royal
stables last week. For the last ten years these
steeds have taken all the prizes for carriage horses
in the State.
Tue Detroit Pree Press says every one agrees
upon tsvo fucts relative to the wool crop of Michi-
gan this year, that itis larger and better than it
has ever been before,
A steaat Japanese junk had arrived at Macao, ia
China, the machinery of which had been bought
of the Americans and mounted in a Japanese port,
‘The chief engineer was an American, A young
prince was on board, who intends to follow the
sea. Cholera had been raging frightfully in the
northern part of Japan.
Tuere has been a marriage in India, at which
America assisted. We copy it briefly from a Cal-
Cutlapaper:—“ May 10th, at Kuppurthala, by the
Rey. S. Woodside, A. M., of the American Mis-
sion, His Highness the Rajuh Randhir Singh Al-
lowalia, to the eldest daughter of the late Robert
Hodges, Esq., of Kuppurthala,”
Tue St. Paul Pioneer says that upwards of two
hundred carts arrived in a month in that city
from the Selkirk settlement in British North
America, and that the amount of trade which the
St. Paul merchants will realize therefrom, will not
be far from $200,000.
Mn. Biortow writes from Paris to the Evening
Post, that it is now quite probable that a day will
soon be fixed for Louis Napoleon’s coronation, the
Pope coming to Paris to officiate.
Legislature. Ho re- | t
Tne Springfield Republican contains an amus-
ing account of Mr, Mason's Court Introductions at
Paris. It is said that on one occasion last Spring,
thirty of our countrymen were paraded in at once,
Arrayed in Court dresses, they stood like servants
in livery, in semi-circle; the Emperor enters the
reception chamber; Mr, Mason bows, flourishes
his hand, and says, “ My countrymen, your Majes-
ty;” all bow; Emperor nods and turns to somo
one else; countrymen exeunt!
Mus. Mancanet Fourier, mother of the celebrated
snd lamented Margaret Fuller Ossoli, died in Way-
land, Mass, Sunday week, aged 70. She was a
woman of rare virtues,
Tux Patent Office having obtained seeds of the
cork tree from Europe, sent several packages last
year to California, which possesses a climate simi-
Jar to Franceand Spain, where it flourishes. These
seeds were planted st Sonora, and about 87 per
cent. of them have come up, and give promise of
becoming stately 5
Paovipixa ror A Rainy Day.—The New Orleans
Picayune states, on the authority of Mexican cor-
respondents, that the secret of Miramon's singular
procedi the matter of the late conducts, was
hat he had im it himself the handsome sum of
$800,000, which he was sending abroad for invest-
ment, He feared, that if the conducta should pass
through Vera Cruz, and this fact by any accident
become known, that the money would be seized
and confiscated.
of the 2d inst,, the trestle bridge of the Northern
Railroad, one mile south of Schaghticoke, Rens-
selaer Co.,N, Y., fell under the pressure of a passen-
ger train, carrying with it, into the water below,
the tender, bapgage and two passenger cars. The
fender sank first, the baggage car followed, the
first passenger car pitched downward and into the
baggage car, and the second passenger carranhalf
its length underneath the first passenger car— the
latter half remaining on the bank unbroken. The
baggage car was broken into fragments, and three
of the four persons in it killed. There were forty
passengers in the first passenger car, fourof whom
were killed, and all but one or two more or leas in-
jored. The car was broken to tragments. There
were but eight persons in the second passenger
car, most of whom were injured, but none killed.
The Albany Coroner’s jury, have rendered a yer-
dict that the bridge was rotten and unsafe, and
known to be so; and that the Superintendent and
Directors should be held responsible,
Enp ov tHe Pawnee War.—The St. Joseph (Mo.)
Journal states that the Pawnee war, which broke
out about two or three weeks ogo, and threatened
to give a good deal of trouole, bas been ended.—
The militia, under Gov. Black, of Nebraske, went
in pursuit of the favages to chastise them for their
depredations on the Western settlements. The
Indians, about 1,000 strong, were overtaken at
Shell Creek, Nebraska The whites did not num-
ber, all told, more than 350. These were com-
manded by Goy. Blackin person, assisted by Major
West, United States Marshal, and Lieut. Robioson,
with about twenty or thirty regulars of Fort Kear-
ney; the remainder were all volunteers, The
Americans had one mounted cannon, and, on over-
taking the Indians, three charges were made before
thesavagessurrendered, A number of the Indians
were killed and wounded, None of the Americans
were killed, and but few slightly wounded. On
the third charge, the Indians ran up a flag of trace
and immediately surrendered, grounded arms, and
gave up all theirstock, provisions, atamunition, &c,
Operations ov THe Usiten States Mixt.—The
gold coinage of the United States mintin Philadel-
phia for the month of July, was $117,788, being in
double eagles, half eagles and dollars. ‘he silver
coinage was $43,000, being in dollars and quarter
dollars. Of cents $30,000 werecoined. The whole
number of pieces coined was 8,101,262, of the ag-
gregate value of $190,788. The gold deposits of
the month were $152,920, of which $117,527.50
were from California, and $41,692 50 were from
other sources. The silver deposits were $59,770.
Total deposits for the month, $218,990.
Pronanre Destruction or Sr. ANtuoNy Fatts.
—The Minneapolis Journal says that during the
recent flood, at least one hundred feet of the rock
has given way. The reaction of the current is
rapidly wasting the bed of sand, and the result is
manifested by the frequent falls of large masses of
the overhanging stratum of rock. As it entirely
disappears some twelve hundred feet above the
present crest of the full, we can readily conceive of
the entire extinction of fha magnificent fall. One
hundred and fifty feet has fallen within the limit
of a single week.
Vaccination or Casrex.—The Medical Times
Says that in Holland there are assurance offices
for cattle’s lives. One company has all its assured
cattle vaccinated, as a preservation against con-
tagious pneumonia, Another company inoculates
only when the discase bas invaded the animals’
stals. The third company does not vaccinate at
all. It hos been calculated that the first company
has lost 6 per cent. of cattle; the second 11 per
cent; and the third 40 per cent.
Suexr Doxz, Decipepiy.—The New York Eyen-
ing Post, of the ad inst., says :—Kighteen thousand
Sheep, an unprecedented number, haye been re-
ceived here this week, The extreme drouth has
parched the grass and induced their owners to send
them to market. The lambs ue, mapy of them,
not in good condition, and sell at a dollar a head.
The market is so dull that many drovers haye
taken their sheep to Long Island, distributing them
among the farmers,
Stats Convenxtioy or Sappatn Scuoor Teacu-
£ns,—The Sabbath School Teachers of this State,
and all others friendly to the cause, are invited to
convene in Oswego, on the 30th of August. Each
Evangelical Sabbath School is requested to send
from two to five delegates to the Conyention,
FOREIGN NEWS.
Tue steamship Nova Scotiaarrived at Quebec on
the 8th inst., and we gather the following details
of intelligence:
Gnear Britary.—Sir De Lacy Evans moved a
resolution, that in view of the relations between
the great military powers from the continent, a
commission be appointed to inquire into the na-
tional defences of England, and report what im-
provements may be madetherein. Sidney Herbert
said the government would consent to thesubstance
of the resolution, butnot tothe motion alone. The
government were about to appoint a commission,
the names of which would be a guarantee for the
earnestness of its endeavors to place tho great
arsenals of the country ina state to resist all attack,
Tt would be too extensive an inquiry for a commis-
sion to consider what course was necessary for the
defence of the country, They would only inquire
what permanent fortifications were requisite for
the defence of the dockysrdsand arsenals. Sir De
Lacy Evans’ resolution was negatived.
Feance.—It was yaguely rumored in Paris on
the 25th that Napoleon would visit London,
The Daily News believes that although the
Scheme of an Italian confederation may not have
been formally struck off the programme, it is not
now insisted on by its author, and that little more
will be heard of it.
It is said that the Emperor will make his public
entree into Parison Sunday, August 14th, at the
head of part of the army of Italy. The troops will
halt on the following day for the usual fete Napo-
leon, After the 1fth, the Emperor proceeds with
the Empress to the Pyrenees.
It was reported that 200,000 men are to be dis-
charged from the army on renewable furlough, the
advantage being that the Government would have
to other purposes.
Accounts from the wine regions are unfavorable.
Tho grapes had been injured by theexcessive heat,
and prices tend upward.
The Aoniteur, the government organ, saya that
Denmark bas ceded the Island of St, Thomas to the
United States.
Rowe.—Great numbers of addresses were being
signed in the Romagno ogainst the return of the
clerical government, and in favor of union with
Sardinia. The country bad resolved upon keepiog
up public order, and of repulsing every attack by
the Swiss troops in the service of the Pope; also
that regular voting should take place in expressing
the wishes of the conptry,
Letters from Rome assert that the principles of
an Italian Confederation had been accepted by the
Pope. A majority of the Cardinals in conference,
Voted in favor of the Pope accepting the Presi-
dency.
Sanpinta—The Le Norde says :—One of the first
eta of the new Ministry will be to put an end to
the present Dictatorship, to convoke the Cbam-
bers, and present an Electoral bill applicable to
Lombardy. A dissolution will afterwards take
place. In order to effect in the new Coambers the
complete fusion of Piedmont and Lombardy, the
King will preside, and the Parliument will eit
alternate years ot Turin and Milan,
Turin journals say that the Sardinian army, re-
inforced by recruitments in Lombardy, is to be
raised to 100,000 men.
Travy.—In regard to Garibaldi’s position, it is
said that he was on the 15th summoned to Brescia
by Gen. Dilla Marmora, with whom he bad along
and confidential interview; that he bad a force of
12,000 me, which continued to increase; and that
he expressed confidence in the Kiog of Sardinia
not forsaking his national cause,
A letter from Milan says that Garibaldi was con-
templating a move from the Alps to the Appenines
—from Northern to Central Italy ; then there will
be a gathering of about 50,000 volunteers in the
Romagna, and Garibaldi’s corps joined to that of
Mezzocapo will form an army capable of securing
the independence of Central Iraly, at least against
any Roman or Neapolitan force.
Clippings from Foreign Journals.
Tue foreign journals, received by the Europa,
contain numerous paragrapbs about the extreme
beut in Europe of the half of the last month. July
6th was reported to be the hottest day ever known
in the south of France, the thermometer having
attained the extraordinary height of 118 degrees
of Fabrenheit’s scale,
A conresronpent of the London Time, writing
from Milan, says that when the news of the peace
came he saw a young French officer at the Cafe
del?’ Europa draw his sword after reading the
bulletin and break it against the marble table at
which he sat, He heard others, who related the
insultiog words with which they bad been assailed
by the populace, sympatbising with the feeling
which had dictated those words, and ooly pleading
their innocence of the transactions of their sover-
eign, The revulsion was so sudden and blasting
to the Italians that in one day five persons were
carried to the mad house, raving maniaca.
Tur running of steam engines on commonroada,
though new in this country, has been tested in
England. There is an engine running daily from
Manchester to n colliery, eight miles distant. The
road is undulating, and has several sharp curves,
yet the engine draws five four-wheeled wagons,
containing thirty tuns weight.
Lowzarpy, which has just been ceded to Pied-
mont, has a superficies of 8,538 square miles, and
& population of 2,800,000 souls. Lombardy has
hitherto been divided administratively into nine
provinces or delegations, viz., Milan, Pavia, Lodi-
Crema, Cremona, Como, Mantua, Sondrio, Bres-
chia, and Bergamo. The fortified towns of Mantua
and Peschiera, form part of the province of Mantua,
The fortress of Pezzighettone is comprised in the
proyince of Cremona. After the annexation of
Lombardy to Piedmont, this kingdom, the island
of Sardinia included, will contain a superticies of
87,640 square miles, with a population of 7,800,000.
As regards territorial extent, it will occupy a tenth
rank in Europe, and will come immediately after
the kingdom of the Two Sicilies, and stand before
Portugal and Bavaria, With respect to popula-
tion, Sardinia will stand in the ninth rank, on a
level with Naples, and will be above Sweden and
Norway, Belgium and Bavaria. The following ta-
ble will complete the comparison, as regards Italy:
Arca—sq. Miles, Population,
New Kingdom 7.800.000
Venetia. ......, 2.20000)
Papal States, 2,900,000
‘Tuscany. 1,760,000
Parma 800.000.
Modena \ 410.000
Two Sicilies. 8,400,000
Tne London Times says:— The Great Eastern
has been getting on wonderfully during the last
few weeks.
above the upper deck, and have a diamoter of three
feet and six inches for a height of 70 feet, when
they decrease gradually to two feet six inches at
the cap.
in their places, are not built masts, but are single
“sticks,”
in height, and they are 44 inches in diameter at the
deck; the jigger-mast is 122 feet in height, and of
the same diameter.
masts were New Zealand pines.
The three iron masts rise 122 feet
The three wooden masts, which are also
The fore and mizzen masts are 140 fect
The trees which formed these
Tu editor of the London Critic expresses his
belief that “if the Americans can gain anything
by attacking Great Britain, they will throw chivalry
and brotherhood to the dogs, and chase the al-
mighty dollar through wars and rumors of wars,”
In 1820 there were only twenty-six volumes of
novels on the shelves of the British Museum, but
there are now about 7,400, and all these have been
written since “ Waverly” was begun,
Sin Isaac Lrox Goxps»irn, Bart., who recently
died in London, has left personal property in Eng-
land exceeding $10,000,000, and real estate of alike
amount, The will is most yoluminous, and has no
less than 42 codicila, most of them in the Baron's
own hand-writing. The probate stamp duty pay-
able thereon is $75,000,
\
AUE. 13,
Ghe News Condenser, ¢
— More camols are coming ty Texas.
— Street railroadn aro talked of for Cleveland. :
— Napoleon carried o email Printing office with his
camp,
— Sun strokes have been nomerous and fatal in Oin-
elnpath *
— Since 1701 Austria has lost and regained
thirteen times!
— In Austria a mon who cannot write bis name may
not get married.
~ The peach crop in some connties in New Jorsey
will be very large,
Lombardy
— Tho number of visitors in Saratoga was never
greater than at present.
— The Creek and Cherokee Indians are in a slate of
open bostility to each other,
— The whole number of deaths in New York olty
doring the past week wos 614
— The curner stone of Forefathers? Monument was
Jad at Plymouth lust Mouday,
— In Ireland bot ono person has as large an income
a8 8 qaaster of a million dojlara,
— A telegraph Jine 18 to be constructed from St |
Joseph to Leavenworth, Kunsas,
— Free concerts are to be given during the present
season, in the N, ¥Y. Central Park,
— A Texans correspondent nsserts that State Is the beat
wheat growing State in the Union.
— Forty-six persons in England have a yearly income
of two millions and a quarter each,
— The number of children attending the schools of
Milwaukee the past year was 7,229,
— Fears are expressed of a famine {n Mormondom.
‘The wheat crop is sald to be a fuilure,
— Ged. Tom Toumb bas retorned from England, set-
ted down for life, and wants to marry.
— Kosvuth’s fuency In Italian is as much admired in
Genoa o» bis Eoglish was in America.
— Hay Is worth from $16 to $18 per tun in Buffalo,
where several hundred tons are wanted.
— The “milk sickness ” is prevailing toan extraordl-
Dary extent in a portion of Marlon Co., 0.
— Kit Carson, the great trapper and woodeman, {s en
route from Taos, New Mexico, hithorward.
— The poy of an Ii)inois member of the Legisiaiuro
is only $1a day. In Connecticut itis $150,
— Noepoleon’s plao for revolutionizing Hungary and
Traneyivania was disopproved of by Russia.
— Itis said a revival of a very gracious and interest
lng character bas commenced in Jerusalem.
— Some New York physicians say that awect cream
Is better than cod liver oll for consumptive patienta.
— Demetrios Bozzarls, ason of the celebrated Marco
Bozzarls, bas been appointed Greek Minister of War.
— They have had frost in Paw Paw, Mich,, twice in
the month of July—on the 4th and about two weeks ago.
— Thus far, this year, 66,729 emigrants have arrived
atthe port of New York, against 44,534 to same date
lust year,
—Itissaid that the first free echool in the United
States was established in Newark, N. J., prior to the
year 1800.
= Toe construction of the Washington National mon-
ument, after a suspension of several years, igabout to be
resumed,
— The Mayor of Montreal states that the debt of that
olfy exceeds £300,000, and there is this yeara deficiency
of £37,000.
— The New York police have been warned that they
must, hereafter, pay their debts, under a penalty of
discharge,
—The Boston Courler backs ont of its statement
that Professor Felton, of Cambridge, had become a
spiritualist.
— Before the peace, every shop-window in Piedmont
had Napoleon's portrait, Two days afterwards, not one
was to be seen!
— Ice an inch thick formed on the top of Mt. Wash-
ington on Tuesday night week. It did not thaw in the
least on Tuesday.
— The family of Rufus Choate have undertaken to
collate his literary works, and to lesue them in connec-
tion with a biography, 7
— Gen. Taylor's “a little more grape, Capt. Bragg,”
is reported to be the Democratle candidate for a local
office at Lafourche, La.
—The caval tolls of this State up to Angust Ist,
amount to $656,331 against $916,180 last year boing o
falling off of $223,799,
— During the July term of the Superior Court in
Harvord, Conn., 11 couples were divorced. Another
warning to bachelors,
—Abrabam Nelson, of Weare, N,H., has on hand
15,000 pounds of wool, for which he has refused 50 cents
‘a pound for the whole lol
— A dally union prayer-meeting is held in the Baptist
Church in Monrovia, Africa, The attendance Is respect-
able, says the Star of Liberia.
— A French cook has stated that there are preclacly
181 different kinds of wine which a genUemun may put
upon his table without a blush.
— At Halifax, a few days since, a shark thirteen feet
long was entangled in a net and killed with scythes,
Its liver Ailed two puncheons.
— Herbert, the California Congressman who murdered
4 waiter at Washington, bas recenuly been driven out of
Hermasilio, Mexico, by a mob.
— Kossuth proceeded, with all speed, to Italy on the
announcementof peace! He did not feel esfe under the
wing of one of Austria’s allies.
— Eleven propositions for street rallway routes, from
distinct companies, were opened to the city council of
Cincinnati on Wednesday week,
—The President of the Erle Ratlroad, Mr. Moran,
has herotofore been allowed ao salary of $25,000 per
yoar. It has Just been cut down.
— Private letters from Italy say that both Kossuth
and Klapka bave been detained at Turin andor strict
surveillance of the French police.
— Private letters from Turkey state that Bulgarian
women bave been carried off by the Turks, ond that the
Bulgarian familles are in consternation.
—Tho 200th anniversary of the establishment of the
Hopkins Grammar School at New Haven, Is to be cole-
brated during commencement week in 1860, —
— Reports from 11 counties in Ohlo show that 7,054
sheep wero killed, and 7,860 wounded by dogs during
the year 1888, the aggregato loss belng a ld
evolving rifles are manufacturing
eck aan DT oat for the British govern-
ae hess are sufficient to arm six regiments,
—A “Ohildren’s Home” has been opened in i Load
Orleans, under Episcopal auspices. In Richmond $12,-
000 has been raised foran asylum for orphan boys.
a
‘
"
MOORK’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
Produce and Provision Markets, \ very firm, and URNETT’S COocoaInE.
joriag the week. The followin
KEW YORK, Avgust & —Procn—Marker heavy and 10@e0 | Sushlly avanced daring the wee e following are
20 ’ 7 URNETI’S COCOA TE.
tstower, Sales at €4,508175 for snorrane Save; 81 80 a — 00 tive. 31@3%e: quarter blood, a) B
PAN | rel Ine vkten Wave, Staats yr anner Western: 8475 | halt bigod Beate. three QUNFET Nook We isee wal | BLACK HAWK AND BULRUSH MORGAN MARE,
@\2) for common to good extra do; #£85.85,00 for olf: | bined, 44@ tic: full nlond Saxony, H@45_ Phillp Allen will moke a fall season, standing atthestable | A compound of Gocos-nut Ol. #e.
for feeah around ing branas extra roaod TLLED—No, t, Bap: supectine, oK@S5; extra, s5@40; | of the sabscrioer at Elmwood Farm, Nunda. commencing | For efficacy and agreeablcness, I
hoo Mhio—alosing duit Oanadlan gulch 1 | douole extra, 40.012 —Democrat on the Isth of Aveust, and ending ov te Lith of October,
951 | Ofer ce ca ey at ee @igve for Lew ed Bouth- | TORONTO, Aur. i —\Voo! is notinlarsesnonly. Prioee | mec iisein eonad by David. tlle perk Veen
Black Hawk, owned by David Hil. of Bridport. Ve, and
Di, aoa | ern: LNs “or do wiih. and Calrsco, spring OB ot treateady at Is Ad to 1s 46d B Sheep sulns 13 to led | Fin Lady Morgan, owned by Hiram Peck, of West Oven.
i «
AGRICULTURAL,
"The feason and Crops
Wheat Growing—The Other Eid
Beeding to Gras ores
House Bullding—No, V—{Pour Ilaatrations) -
About Horsex, seee 6 dull at 75@76c, arley qa ek Com beter: sues at wall, Vi flvck Hawk by Sherman, and from an Enplish
bear erent sssescseaned 262 | these ioe se’ Sy cestern= T3@TPC for new do: 70@80e thorough bred Mare, avery fine animal, bleok and o fast
a. = boy ausound cf ats dull trotter, Sherman by Justin Morgao, we orik! Morgan
Leached Ashes for Walks, on (a ile for Western and Canadian, Ad ti sem t ara ay a NES Tito, a hee
é . ower. a AM. —Ta organ rush, an‘ m ‘or o
Serato Reese baer 2 re te ta7s for prime do. $1015 for sour. DeTlis ents. pred Mare sired byson of old American Helipse. -Bulrush Pier pint botila
To Cure Distemper in Mors ona | Lard qniet: ames at 10Mipite Butter firm at L3@lbc for by the original Justin Morgan.
Gieansiog Wool for Home Use. «+++ 99 | Ublus 17@iKc for State, Cheese duil at K@se, The services of Philip Atle offered at #2) to Insure a BURNETT'S COCOAINE.
Fallore of Hay lo Northern ObIO...
Are Peach Leaves Poisonous?
RUPPATO. —_ —Market quietand unchanged.
anes MANGE ior anaes a oie) for epring State; | insertion, Srectat Noric!
.
Terms of Advertising —Twenty-Ptve Cents @ Ling, each | foal; insurnnce due May Ist, 1860. And by the season at BURNEIOIE GOCGOAINE.
NS 2) or-eood to chalice extra Michigan. Indians and | jesded—PiNy Centa & Line. ech thsertion, § apvasce—
_ } bob aid on or before the Ist of January, 180.
following reading matter,and | “'Tyyan WooLcorr, Acco ASHLEY & nore COCOAINE.
6 G
Cheese Making. et Nunda, August 1, 155! TESTIMONE
202 | Ohio; #78008, 85 for double extras, the Ronat New-Yor t = ne
Nest Exes for 1400 ie Gkaw_Whem quick, Sal-s white Oblo at 195¢; Chicago | GF The circalation of the Ror RARER far exceeds EACHER.—A Young Man who has bad experience aa Bowrox, July 19, 1857,
Murat Spit ofthe Brox Tralniae Oxens Fee's gorine ly dling x: soe Com are at the clone: ules | that of any alilar journal tn America or Europe, rendering Civil Engineer ond Sarvewnn and 20 ana Teacher, | , AEST. Bower & Oo—1 cannot refuse to state the
About Ca tle; Walle So ent Ro. Tilignts at Fie, Osta) are aulet, ited a Ye | (altogether the best Advertising Medium of ft class, Wishes to engage as Teacher of Mathematics and the Natu- | Tene Har Oll—(Cocoulne.) asstavaled case, of your exoc-
Agricultural, Siedlony. Ape Weaikers| Eaten Seudy with (air loquiry, sales Western af “fies SOS sone respect a For many months my ic bat falling off, unt T was
Wheat; Yirl# 0! ae ae ite nie Ade y = —There bas yet heen no move. ¥ CRS baa fearful of iosing it entirely. The ty Bei
Heys Onanges Amon Ov Exch arert Koreaor Wests «| mento tnehanmarkek. whieh retains very Saw e | YPIMDLENURY ACADEMY, — tt next year wilt | _ Ot Darien, Genesee Oo N.Y. _ | came sraduall¥ more and more id RL Read be:
vaneing, Pre at Ml eal wwe jo prices within a dey or two, commence on MON . . nottonc it without pain, This irri
5 Thomas Pera... Se 2e sald, « alahbloprem men te Ped Nomiosiquovations|| LOLS M. WEED, Princ | \JSHB LOUR OWN SOAP. | Wedto the use of various advertised bale wuanes Mle
AORTICULTURAL bre tow nam-dat 45 to 95.25 fo superfine, $5 6 for fancy, ae AS ave since beeo told contain camp&eoe split
Horticaltaral Visits nod #475 Uy 24,25 forextra. The best flour by retall in bags 300, AGENTS WANTED, TO ENGAGE IN AN A By the advice of my phesiclan to *hom you had shown
ane fe aold nt $6 to 95,0, Coaiwon and spring wheat flour hus nonorable business, which pays from $3 to 85 per day, oR, Jour process of purifsloe te Oil, T commenced liste tha
Ms Garden ; Teen bousht nt 35.60 10 66. For particulars, address M. M, SANBORN, PURE CONCENTRATED POTASH. fast week In June, ‘The Orstapplication allisyed the Hai
Visit Your Neighbors’ Gardens Gkars—Kteceipta have been In exceediogly small quanti. 01-26 Brasher Falls, N. ¥. Warranted double the strenzth of ordinary Potash. One and Irritation; in three or four days the redness and ten.
Ontario Gra tes and purchased nt from 48 6d to 43 9d, for common and ound will make twelve eilons Kood stroug Soap, without | derness disnppeared—the hair ceased to fall. and T ba
medium, and 4s 9d to 6s for the very best samples of fall TX ANSWER TO THE INQUIRIES ABOUT THE | limeand wih litve trouble. Manufuctarcd and putup in | Dow a thick growth of new bair. trust that others, slale
heat, Nenew wheat bas yet been offered on the market, White Guinea Fowls, L can supply a few with palrs this | 1.2% 4and6®. cans, in lumps, wi hi
, witt directions, atthe Ciac- | larly afflicted, will be Induced to try the same remedy.
eh One OF tire car loads were reccived yerlerday, for | Pall, Price 84,00 per pair. JOHN EL OsGODBY, Lenag Onemican Works, New York. Yours, very truly,
h @1.05 (6s 3d) per bushrl bad been offered, Bive ehil- | ~ Pittsford, Munrov Co., N. Y= BOLI BE. I. DURKEE & CO,
+ shoshel will probably be the opening | lee for new ae oe 7 151 Pearl street, N. Y,, Proprietors,
Spring wheat has not been offered at all, and we are MALE ARY, everywhere, 500-256
ithnot_ a uta. The spring wheat crop in cur | PHIPPS UNION FEMA SEMINARY:
Delehborhood wil not be as Kood as the fall crop, but the | “7, AIRFIELD SEMINARY.—The hizh reputation of
z HM next School Year of this Institntion, commences on 5 lag rea
Meld will sult be, larger, ous have Bean igsarcayand are the fmt Thursday of Beptember next Bor Terma, see this Institation has become so generally known through-
Time for Setulng Strawberry Plante.
The Tomato as Food ,
Hardy Shrubs in Wisconsin, a
DOMEATIO ECONOMY,
“Pirst Premium" Pickled Peaches; Raspberry, Straw-
berry, Curran or Orange Biferverciog Draughte
Neuralgia; Fried Cucumbers
SUSAN R. POPR
BURNETT'S COCOAINE,
BURNETT’S COCOAINE.
BURNETT'S COCOAINE.
y . 1 out New York and other States, that the Ho; an A single application renders the balr, (no matter how
LADIFS' OLI0. Ooly's few Loads of peas have been olfecrd, bringing freely | Catalogue at thia Ofce, OF AOMY Mo a stn een Ieuan eosaaary iauKeeNG iomelon aor KRts ao, sti and dry) soft and alosay for neveral day. Ib ls conced.
The Child-Ance', [Poctionl;] Tae Morning and Evening Is #D shel, Une load of rye has heen bout, and thatat | gio, Ny Aug 8 1859. ronrister | suoerior ud vantages for the education of youne Ladies and | 4 py all who bave used it, to be Ue Dest and cheapest
Hours, Public Women: Amnsewentas a Karol Ed} a9 @ bnsuel. Barley Is uoquotable, there belag no sales on, N. ¥., Aug. . y Gentlemen, Board and Washing #1,75 per week. Tuition | air Dreasing in tie Worl
neation; Huppiness of Children..... = during the week. FERTILIZ, 5 from #1 to 84 Pall Term begins Aacust 17th, 1859. Send Prepared by JOSEPH BURNETT & CO., Boston.
CHOICE MISCELLANY. Way lain moderate suoply with a light demand, Prices SE LIME AS A ER!—There is a| fora Circular. J. B. VAN PETTEN, A. M,, Principal, For sale by dealers generally, at60 cents a boule 60028
Saturday Even'ng at Twill bi, (Poetical;) Beauty and are steady at @l2to #19 per tun, Straw $9 to $12—Globo. toupee” ype iat Eee SUT CRT Fairfield, Herkimer Co,, N. ¥.,Jaly 25,1859. 600-3t —- r
ait pat cea fh i ——_—- s
ality: Homes Authorship; Weslioxtop on Vices enriching the soil. Lime is among the best and cheanest , OMES FOR, ALLL >
AO ee ae seeareases The Cattle Markets, fertillzers, and should be used extensively in renovating ICKOR’S PATENT PORTABLE| EL
Iand for wheat and other crops. The subscribers, located CIDER AND WINE MILL AND FRESS. FOR SALE,
NEW YORK, Aug. 5.—The current prices for the week | at the Rapids, Rochester, will furnish Lime for manuring | This sterling Machine, which from the test of several | ag @1,95 per Acro, desirable FARMING
porposes at only 124 cls per Dushel, alower rate than ever | years bas proved itself superior in point of simplicity and | WeaGe viet, Moneta Kenerney mad Midae hen
Refare offered!” Try, Farmers Te arammin,. | agency foansthing In the market, is now ready for the | "kto," Valuabis Lands in SullVam and) Hk
A N. apol arvest of 9, a |
Rochester, N, ¥,, August, 1859. BOLAL Ttis mute if possible better than ever, and where there | Pennsylvania. | weave arene Ava bon Ei
are no Agents, farmers will do Well to send to the manufac. | oAPDIY to the Avcunicam Extonawe Ar ae
do, #10850; common do, $90,4K@ 10,00; Inferior do, 431,00 AME FOWLS! GAME FOWLS!!| rv early for'a circular, We also make large ron press a Ni. we
SABBATH MUSINGS,
Not Having Seen, we Love, (Poetleal;) Devo-
lon; The Ruliness of Christ; Worth of uristiaulty
Tue Bible the Key to the Heart seeeeees
THE REVIEWER.
‘The New American Cyclopmdia—A Popular Dictionary
of General Knowledge, lementaiy Grammar, Bly: First, quality, ® p., 6@B%e; ordinary do, GF THE BEST AND. PVEEITSTRADI BUCH AB diuneer ana feet ong, atreasonalecrices Address "| {J, 8» TENT AND FLAG MANUFACTORY,
molovy and uyows. Counter Lica isnuboo of Sasronedeon dc: PS ao ado. Clippers, Balumore ve ‘nots, Tartar, ab) Bfpgangre orices._ Age i Roohester, N-
Ardcatre Honienihareand Lanterane Gadeuton Bio; common do, 4 BAO ongaoo: || Derore Prince Charles Rutwers 0. : .
MT. 9h
Analysia aud Boglish Commentary; Rankwel, or the
Ban Jacinta tn the Seas of Lola, Obiaa and Japan;
Bb —Momnpendiam of the Orieia, History. Princ’
les, Rules and Rezulationa, Governmeat and Doc
Fines wf the United Society of Neilevers in Christ s
Second Appearing; The Maguzines; Books Recclyed, 265
SPICE FROM NEW BOOKS,
Washington: La Payette’s Visit; The Old House; Lone-
ies .. 205
rniuars do, ¢kOv@4 79; common do, #i@uOd: interor | Seton, | Msteange stychalng, frgeants, fouah Blarciauarety Poe
‘i 08
ie Ph r And anumber of excelleat Crosses. All fowls warranted UBLIC SALE OF DEVON CATTLE AND
Sernve—Pirst quallty, 64@6%0; other qualities, 6@6Xe. Dureguma. Also Gnovera Work on Game pomarcanted | PUB ULI-DOWN SHEE,
ALBANY, Aug. 8—DBeeves—Another overstocked and | any adress for 81. For oarticulars, address On WEONESDAY, 7th September next, at 100'clock A
ee TANY toe meer the droverseayitipthe “mean. | O0lls J. WILKINS COOPER, Media, Delaware Co., Pa. | aicby Farm one Grand Ieinnd, near Batata, 1 wlilcselt
tat inorket they ever attended In Albany." There Is cer- =
TENTS AND FLAGS to Rent sultable for Aericultural
Pairs Miltary Hncampmenta, Uouferences, Camp Meck
Ings, &c., &c,
Fraving the entire stock of Tenta formerty owned by E.
ar, | Wieblans, with several new ones In addition, 1 atm prep
Mf. | toail all orders the publicmay feel pleased w hone me with.
Entire herd of thorough-bred ‘Devon Cate, consisting of | Tenl# And Flas of every description made to order,
t trover last week on the conirary, HOUSEREEPERS. — 80¥ fers, Bi ad ne
He ae ERT eeeOA TTS Gane TET |) DG a a a eS eee NS RW | ep rad) OF BD DO Une ets ne eee a Box 701. Rochester, N.Y.
alver.
are at lenst 4) head more here, and it ix only for the very T will also sell at the same time 100 thorough-bred Sonth-
Loess of Great Ci best that the prices of last week can be obtained. | BEST MEDICINAL SALERATUS, | Down Ewes and Rams. Also, 100 or more cholce grade ORTABLE STEAM ENGINES AND BOILERS
USEFUL OLIO. The market is dull and drooping at the following rates: 68 ee eae p ate And laipres 68 Breeding Ewes of Cotswold and South Down crosses—the MANUFACTORED BY
“ wi week, er Sale} ron’ Sheep, “
Scenes In Around Jerusalem—Tho Valley of Jehosha- Superior 5 @bxo | BMG ‘All the deleterivus matter extracted in such a pea hie breeinn Rowen tee a dozen superior | a. NW. WOOD & CO., Eaton, N. ¥.,
phat, (Liustrated ;) Ooe Handred Years Ago; Music, 265 | First qualil 4
5 AND |manner as to produce Bread, Biscuit, and all) AND will ontive, and without ri 0, Uf thera | Of all sixes and of the most approved designs, and made of
3eeay kinds of Oake, without contalolng a particle of| ane ee eet ha Boe nar nen cole: cote ot | the best oatertals and In perfect workmanship.
Third quality @3: B4@35 70 Saleratus when the Bread or Cake is baked; 70 stock breeding altogether, Orders for Steam Engines will be filled on short nethea,
Inferior .... " .24@3 c 2X@3 jthereby producing wholesome results, Every Terms:—On sums over 950, and uP to #100, six months; | Any persons Interested or wishing Steam Power, by In-
Sumer AND Lawns —There is A great falling off In the re- particle of Saleratus is turned to gas, and passes and on sums over 4100, a year’s credit will be given, on ap. | closing a P. O, stamp to our address, will be furnished sith
cept aa omvared with last week; still there Is enough to GSjterous’ the Bread or Blscult while Baking; con- 68 proved notes, with Interest; or a liberal discount will be | & Circular,
spply the demand, and we fall to notice any improvement sequently nothing remaina but common Salt, made for cash.
io urlces. Water aod Flour. You will readily perceive by’ The Stock will be delivered to the purchasers at either of | (TONE YARDS—FOR 1859.—RATHBON 4 WHIT-
Hocs—There is more Inquiry for hozs: sal head at | AND the taste of this Sileratus that it isentirely differ-| AND } the Railroad Stations in BulTaln, Binck Rock, or Tonawan- | S MORE, have always on band a good supply of Lock
YOUNG RORALIST.
A Few Words Ahont Dogs: Qnestions for Discussion;
Preservation of Birds; A Paragraph for Boys.........
STORY TELLER,
The Noon of Night [ Poetical: } Rosamond, or the
Youthfal Error—A Tale of Riverside; Salmagunol,...
6c # B.—average 163 Ihe; 80 at 6§c—average J 80 at se ent from other Saleratus, da. or at the Steamboats in Buffulo, if required, rt and Medina Stone, Oaj latfor bird
a averave 20 Ths, 70), tis packed to one pound papers, each wrapper; 70 Catalogues of the Stock will be sent by mail to those ost Well and Olstern Covers, Curbing, Paving, and Bulld-
; ‘MMu.cu Cows—Range from $35 to #60,—Argua, branded, *B, £, Babhitt’s Beat Medicinal Salera-
From the Pacific Side.
wanting the: (ng Stone, Flagging—all sizes, Fire-proof Vaulta &o. Th
‘tas;"" also, picture, twisted loaf of bread, with a A ‘Steam Ferry Boat will cross the river every hour be- will Street Lnprovements, gener: nit at tome
al
CAMBRIDGE, Aug, 8 —Atmarket 1.415 cattle, about 1,000 | @Qiclass of effervescing water on the top.’ When (& | tween Lower Black Rock and the Farm on the day of sale. | or abroud, and fill all orders on. short notice, eared to
or
By the arrival of the overland mail, at St. Louis | beeves, and 413 siores, consisting of working oxen, cows,
Ber acea nd tee veel you purchase one paper, you shoold preserve the The Stock can be seen at any time previous by calling at | Tuomas Ranunus, Bulfalo Wa. W, Warrwone
i i nce rl < ol artleulax 00, x er E . BN, bacriber, ugh A
on the 7tb inst., we are in possession of the follow: | | Paicrs—Market beef— Extra, 97,507.75 ; first guallty, | axD Iyiike tie frst-trand ssabove, | ano | hinck ftock, N, ¥., August, 1859," “owoak | “dslwe ia CARSON, Agent,
ing items of intelligence. Myers. sb c'eecand do, #5,75@6,00; third do, 91,75@0,00; Full directions for malin Bread with this Sal-
“ f TS Ba a eratus and Sour Milk or Cream Tartar, will ac- D TT! dhesive,
Reports from Carson Valley indicate the election | Workina Oxen—$75@ 10 ® palr. 70 SERRA A RSET TOP eee eee a mL 70 | Vour NAME IN GILT LETTERS (Adhesive,)
MANNY’S COMBINED
RBAPDR AND MOWER,
Cows ann CaLves—#2i,
Fr Size 1 inch, Oxk Caxr each; 2 inches, Two Cents; 3
is fi ing alt kinds of Pastry:
Stunes — Yearlingn, $9,0%@
on iso, for making Soda {nches, Tanke Osxrs, &c,, with red stamp to pay return
aint, earings $ov11.08; two years old, #16000 | GAHWater and Seitz Powders G8 | postace.Guaxp Cuaxcn ron Aorxrs!—11 Alphabets, one
of Muj. Dodge as the next delegate to Congress.
The loss by the fire at Weaverville on the 5th of | ~Saege ann Lamos—A900 at market, Prices—in lots, #1,00, IMAKE YOUR OWN SOAP. inch, for $1; two inch. 8 for #1; three inch. 5 for #1—assorted WITH WOOD'S IMPROVEMENT,
Fuly, waa cstimated at upwards of $100,000, 1,750.00. Extra, $235@08.00. 5 800) |) wii ? ‘anp | colors, Address (49-31) GEO, K. SNOW, Boston, Mass] For the Harvest of 1869.
oe i u ae Fire eta ai elias racic each B. T. Babbitt’s Pure Concen-
A fire at Crescent City, Cal., on the 9th, caused Gaur Reina 10 e aA Tallow, 7@74¢ BD, vi " “* “trated Potash. ill fully
8 loss of $30,000, Warranted double the strength of ordinary Pot id (to 95,000.) Hy bined machin
. : ., BRIGHTON, Aug. 4—At market, 1200 beeves, 200 stores, lash. Potuo in cans—1 ®.9 ba, 3 Bs, 6 tha Mill for Joun rela. N- ¥. to
New gold and silvar mines had been discovered } 400) sheep and Tain and Sa hepegaain 3 ig ith ul tine raat tran a ralsing water and other vurpo
tae ~ pa’ i re of So°p. hy fT le
{n the Washo Valley, which promise to pay Well. | yoinn™scconiauuity, 87,00; uilrd auallty: ebnveation. am | Poteabanimarkee 7 ne tion. Address THOS. 0, VICE, Rochester, N.Y.
Great excitement existed in Nevada and El Do-| WoRkino Oxex—sti0g Isf. Manufactured and for sale by
Miucu Cows—$!1@12: common, #1£@19. B. T. BABBITT, 7 ‘OMES FOR ALL.—Several familles will start from | com
Veat Carves—94.00. 6.10K@7,00. 70) Nos. 68 and 70 Washington st.. New York, 0 New York for the table lands of Tennessee the first establish
Bron carilnEs, 99G@16; two years old, $20@22; three und No, 38 India st,, Boston. week of August. We intend to fit outcompanies of persons
years old, #25
rado counties, in consequence of the discovery of
new and extensive gold diggings on Walker's Riv-
a NSPE ES eer evia deatioe eeking Hew homes in Vinorsta about the Ist of Septernber, | whic ave prov
arr DEs— icB#D, Calf sl cM | Ve therefore desire those who wish to unite, to furnish us een no attempt to change them.
er, cast of the Sierra Nevadas. | Pattow—Shles at 7@7 ie # D PtPORTANT TO FARMERS | with purticulars of their wants, means and preferences, | ‘The main elfort during the lust year has been to tmprove
There bad been three arrivals from Victoria [oes Ayp Lanna 31,000 1,10; extra, #2,00@3,00, AND that the best possible provision may be made for them. its mechanical construction, to make it stronger and more
RLTS—SA@MLO enc.
DAIRY™MEN. The rapid advance of the price of Land settled under the | durable, and sustain ts reputation as the leading and most
within a week, brioging upwards of $150,000 in auspices of OONCERTED EMIGRATION is tue grand, distinctive | acceptable machine to the largest class of farmers in the
Swine—Spring pigs, 6c; fathoga, 6540,
. Wi 1d respectfully annonues that we have he feat f terprise, We bave the pleasure of assur try.
gold and 800 passengers. The latest dates areto| | Putt ADELPHIA, Avg. 9 —The sungly of Deet Cattle | ywe Pablishers of that Valuable wii Mean ifal Work, | ing our friends of the success of those who bave already warranted capable of utting from 10 to 15 acres of grasa
the 12th. Fraser river had fallen sufliciently to | eraimonuhs past, though a large number offered were sold MILCH Cows mone on, bod of te Draspesity and Dexfeck hag ea wilch ak, te erat oar as heretofore; varies according to width
permit the resumption of mining on the bars, pa rtock Bensraucotis tritea: Gace aOR tones AND Please address FRaNGrs w. Bia Presdentipn of cut, and its adaplation in size and atren te different
The Victoria Gazette says the yield of the mines | t Good and prime cattle sold at from 43.50, 9,90 and 810,50 DAIRY FARMING, ce Re ee A ie Cras cere Cocca || orev haber een 0 Rarer di
within a your has been $8,000, 000 por 100 inl yoongh NG a he brought the later price. ah Tho Best Book Extant on the Subject. New York. 490-5t ‘Manufacturer and Proprietor, Hooalck Falls, N. Y.
000,000. ferior cattle sold at from #3, 5.00. The principal
; y e sing the Breeds, Breediag and M, BENNETT GRAY, Brockport,
An arrival from Oregon, on the morning of the ber of cattle sold was from Oblo, Virginia and counties | Comprising the ae Tie and ohn See te ice | KENTUCKY SEED WHEATS.| Wi TENAY HARMON, Sotsrile,
departure of the mail, brought advices indicating | Sak#r—The market was well supplied, the offering | ton of Milch Cows, with a full explanation of Guenon’s | ~ say WHEAT, OL Agents for Monroe Coanty, RN. ¥.
, amounting to over 6,000 head. The market was brisk, and | Method: the Culture of Forage Plants. and the Production HILL WHEAT,
the election of Logan, Republican, to Congress, | sules were made from 7@#c ® W. net, according to quality | of Milk, Butter and Cheeses embodying the most recent MEDITERRANEAN WHEAT, oop’s MowBR.—
Renee and condion. fmprovements, and adaoted to Farming in the United WHITE KENTUOKY WwreEAT, | YW =
by 20 to 80 majority. Hoos—The supply of hogs was much better than the pre- | States nnd Briss Provinces: with a Treatise upon the d
’ eipts of earliest ripened
vious week, the supply having amounted to 1, 70kead, The | Dalry Husbandry of Holland: to which Is added Horsfall's | 45 ar et oa en eee eee ott etn Wheat prown Patented February 224, 1859.
market closed dull af prices ranging from $5,50@8,76 to 49 | Syatem of Dairy Management, in Kentucky and Tennessee, for the use of farmers as Seed During the six years I have been engaged in the manufac
* owe " BY CHARLES L, FLINT, Wheat, which we propose to’ sell at prices merely sufficient fire of ths. Pianos Combined Reaper and. Borer, F have
{cowa—There was only asmall supply of this kind of tock; | seoretary of the Massachusetia State Board of Agrt- | to pay the extra expenses incurred by so doing, In addition | given much honshuand Alters ani ii Cem Of
OFT ea a an mA OBO ead allinpwbichiwere/aold cudnires anidhor of "A Creatine on Grasses tothe current value of these wheats for milling purposes, | I foresaw wo aareat want of the Farm
Rea peace Ue pcre Ane 925B2) for commen to and Forage Plants,” ete. Stay Wheat” te probably the earliest Known In Rentucky, | and ebspe mackine expresaly than
D . has succeeded perfe
ROLLY AND LRSUL LY LUSTRATED AU Rees ee ent eeason, heads amooth kernet short, | And now, after the most thorough and repeat
ted expert.
- ments and tests In every variety of Held, and {n all kinds and
he, Wool Biarkets 180 ENGRAVINGS. _ | pli testy and trish mbes coos ant compet ok | every condldgn of erisa lau prepare. wih ute ce
Salt Luke advices are to the 13th ult Aman
named Brewer had been arrested at Camp Floyd
for having in bis possession $80,000 in counterfeit
Government checks on the Sub-Treasury at St.
Louis, most of which were ready for issue, ex
cepting the signature, Col, Crossman, an engra-
a id in Sult Lake C NEW YORK, A =) }mo,—416 E ce, to offer to the farmers and dealers of the United
Yah De aeobecn, arrebsed ini Saly Dake City, tn ti iY OTE eas ane ne e Hoaeuncr an OEDREMD. |) reefohiapt ike Sie Ht ke, most! vented Wheat Soa antiarin color and qualities— ane the erent. desideratum in thle i ment of Amo
i ED tht 4 4 ‘a c le chapter on the, cane airy Stock, mostly pre- 5 t ira) labor-saving machines—a Mower, superior In so
whose shop were found all the instruments and | of tne merken ine sealants nl he widck of dowatic pared by Dr. 0. M, Woop and Dr, J, LL. Dapp, ia worth | Zieada benrded, kerneé nearly as long as Mediterranean, fy forgood work to any hitherto Introduced, of eaay drat,
fivece is slowly on the Increase, though the receiots are by | many times the cost of the Book. and plump. Pe _ | ight, cheep, and durable.
no meane liberal thus far thisseason,. It is anticipated thut —— Medezranean and White” are too well known to re; | Uhh cheek, 4dUrA0l5. visto invention. to mack a
on the restoration of peace in Europe, an impetus will, be OPINIONS OF THE PRESS, aul denen ut from sevgtal experiment we are wi | peu wa araere and toc pis ihe each ge
elven to manufacturing, and with an casier money market | Mrom Cows axp Datny Fanwixo,—Cbarles L. Flint, of | Convinced the use of Kentucky or Bennesee seed Will | Tstower that for practical working, cheapness and slimy
materials used in preparing the checks, together
with large bundles of unfilled checks.
The Indians were committing depredations in
e : marke : vel ‘COBL & CO,
in England aad throughout the contivent, that prices will | Boston, Secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Agricul. | Masten the cropseveral days, | CORES OO. Will be without a rival.
‘mpl. | litprove somewhat, but the resnk. of the colonial wool sales " ew work Upon a subject 2 = bP erie el Se rt build Two-Horse and One-Horse Mowers. The Two-
Seaibslae county, and the Mormons were impli- | which were to commence In London on the Sth ute will | forcing trocecd lo this countey, Wleb, If we selsake not 4it Nos. 20 and 21 Central Wharf, Buffalo, N. ¥. | prorse Mower weleha 425 Mha., and cuts a swath four fast wide
cal Le
test the accuracy of this assertion; meanwhile, stocks here | will prove the most valnable book jor universal use among
ordered.) The One-Horse Mower weighs
are feet
= rT . » | (ormoreif spect
ld with greater contidencs, Texas wool, however, | farmers that has everbeen publisied lothiscountry. ‘There | PRUACK HAWK HORSE “ LIVE WANKER,” | tong less, (06 Ba.) and cule aswath three and oualf
has come forward freely, but being in better condition than | jg scarcely anything worth koowing, about how to select a fill make the season of 1859 at the Stable of MEIGS | iq,
psuol, tis Grmly held, California is also in fair supply. and | cow, how to treat ber, and how!” make butter and cheese, | BATUEY, 2 miles north of West Henrie ynroe, Cox; | _ Ror amore fall degertption of the Mower, reference lemade
i drmiy, | that cannot be found in thiavy @, 2) which contains numer: | N- ¥.. Where he may by found af all times, Dor teTetora, | tozay Pamphlets, which will be furaished on apolication —
The clip, on the whole, has been a good one, and is gener- | ona Illustrations, besides its Mlse language, carefully | Posters. 2 SMITH & 8 Prop ae With each machine will be furnished two extra Paes os
ally in fine condition.” Forelen is in good supply, but the | written from all the best a5) qsies, and much personal . Batuay, Groom. extra sections, one wrench and oil can, Re
demand continves very limited, yet there is no disposition | observation, Itisa work the 8 much needed, and one 7 FF th in Warranted capable of cutting ten acres of grass.per day
to press sales unless at full pricea as the Importsare light | that In recommending we she Sf0 good to the farming in- | ({UANO !—The superlority of Phosphate over Ammo: | g workmanlike manner,
And likely to continue so for some time to come, ‘Fhestock | terest. It is published on ey J paper, clear type, with piacal fertilizers, in restoring fertility to worn-oul Price of Two-Horse Mower. 930
many well-cut wood engravine}/and contains over 400 pa- | lands, Is now well understood. The subscribers call the ww One-Horse Mower, 70
attention of Fariners to the Swaw ISLAND GUANO, Which for | Delivered here on the cara.
richness in Puoseuates and OncAsio matter, and lta 6oLu- | { continue as heretofore, and with greater macetes than 3
BILITY, Is ONSURPASSED. revo the manufacture and sale fanny
For sale at &39 per ton of 3,000 f,, and liberal discount | Patent Oombined Reaper and Mower with Wood's Improve-
will be made by the cargo.
Advices from Fort Smith, Texas, state that the
Creek and Cherokee Indians are at open hostili-
ties, in consequence of several murders eommitted
by the former tribe. Four hundred Creeks were
armed, and awaiting the movement of the Chero-
Kees.
keg, and, we suppose, will sell fer $1,25,—V. ¥. Trivune,
‘This work is marked by the clearness and perspiculty
which bave characterized Mr. Flint’s previous prodactlons.
Tt contains an account of the most enlightened practice in
Markets, Commerce, ~
Groen, Springfield «
Boone, Colambla
Randolph, Huntsvill
Clinton, Plausburg «
Howard, Fayette.-
Gasconade, Hermann
Bept 27-80.
Aug 81-Sept 3
Fonafew days past the Horticultural Editor bas
Deep roraliziog among the hills and valleys, brooks
‘and lakes of Caynga sod Tompkinscounties. And
he bas epjoyed himself immensely, and seen o8
many wonderful and beautiful things as though
he bad traveled through Italy, Wales, or Scotland,
or avy other favorite resort of the tourist—at least
» be is perfectly content, and returns to bis duties
with o feeling of thankfulness that Gop bas given
us such a goodly heritage.
There may be Lakes more beautiful than Cayuga,
but we have never seen them, and as we sailed
over its transparent surface, enraptured by the
beauty of its fertile banks, dotted with cottages
‘and farm houses, with occasionally a “clump” of
tho old woods remaining, giving the scene the ap-
pearance of a magnificent park, we thought that
neither nature or art could add another grace.
Then, as we climbed the fertile hills of Trumans-
burgh and Enfield, it rejoiced our heart to see the
promise of goodly crops, the orchards laden with
froit. Beautiful specimens of dwarf pears are to
be found in almost every village garden; but our
friends must. learn to keep the grass away from
thoir trees, or they will not make a good growth.
A little circle a foot in diameter around o pear
tree, is of no use. Cut away the turf for a large
space, give plenty of manure, and all will be well.
On our return we took a look at the villages on
the eastern sideof the lake. Aurorais a benatiful
place, with scores of pleasant residences, sur-
rounded with well-kept lawns, and ornamented
with gracefol trees and flowering shrubs. At
Dnion Springawe spent afew hours very agreeably
with our horticultural friend, Jonny J, Tuomas,
and althongh we did not find the army of weeds
that so troubled the correspondent of a Yates
“County paper, we saw very much to interest us.
Mr. T. has been only two years on his present
farm, and in that time has built a new and tasteful
house, removed old barns and fences and made
new, laid down over three miles of druin tile,
mode a lawn, gravel and flag walks, planted trees,
started a nursery, and made many other improve-
ments, taking a large amount of time and money,
the benefitof which will be seen in a few years. The
place is new and incomplete, and to a casual obser-
Yer it would contrast unfavorably with those older
and more finished. Those acquainted with horti-
cultural labor and its results, can see the work of
master hand, and with a little more time and
Jabor, and that finish which time alone can give,
friend Tuowas will have a very delightful home.
= Inallour travels weosaw nothing moro beauth.
fol than a natural garden of the //ibiscus, a milé or
two north of Union Springs, on the shore of the
lake. Several acres were covered with this beau-
tiful and showy flower.
—
DOWNING’S EVER-BEARING MULBERRY.
For some time past we have designed to call the
attention of our readers to what we considera yery
valuable fruit, Downing’s Mulberry, and have only
been waiting for an opportunity to taste it. With
the Lnglish Black Mulberry we are well acquaint-
ed, having eaten of its fruit from our earliest recol-
lection, Downing’s Loer-bearing we saw last sea-
son ib the grounds of Dr. Grant, of Iona, but too
late for the fruit. It is a beautiful tree, with its
broad, bright foliage, and its growth is almost mar-
yellous. If we recollect aright, we measured
branches of one year’s growth over fifteen feet in
length. It makes a truly ornamental tree, and we
See no objection to giving it even a conspicuous
place on the lawn.
The following note from Josera Frost, Esq., of
the well known nursery firm of A. Frost & Co.,
has directed our attention to the matter ut this
time, Mr. I, it will be seen, has tasted of the fruit,
and states that it is “good and delicious.” Mr.
Genny, of the firm of H. E, Hooxer & Co., has also
tasted the fruit and also expresses a very favorable
opinion of its merits.
Eps Rumar:-During a recent visit at Dr. GRant’s,
at Iona, near Peekskill, N. ¥.,1 bad the pleasure of
’s Ever-bearing Mulberry. I knew
id. of it, yet was quite unprepared,
‘The tree from
gathered is unavoidably grown
ible influences, as it grows almost
tho shade of two other valuable trees which
detracts much from the size and somewhat from the
quality of the fruit, The froit was about an inoh lopg
and nearly half an inch in diameter, purplish black,
With a most agreeable sub-actd flavor,
At the time I was there (20th of July,) the tree had
been besring a couple of weeks, and from the size of
tho fruit to its different stages of growth, with much
ripe fruit ready for Picking, it would probably continue
mee for Ave or six woeks longer,
ants, of one year old from the Mable to be
killed back the first winter, but ronan secm to
be very bardy. It 1s my opinion that & soon as the
merits of this new Mulberry aro known, it will becomo
universally popular,—y, Faosr, :
at sone sibce & gentleman who has eaten of it
iy for a couple of years, informed us that he
considered it equal to the raspberry, ‘This bein;
the case, the value of u tree that Will give Bact
bushels of such fruit, ripening in successio fe
five or six weeks cannot be questioned, It is =
acquisition to our catalogue of small fruits that
our people will not be slow to appreciate,
Caantes Downie gives the following interest.
ing account of the habits of the tree, qualit,
fruit, &o, ~~
“The mulberry which is called, but not very
felicitously, ‘Ever-bearing,’ has a fruiting season |!
of ubout ten weeks, beginning to ripen its fruit
Just as the Strawberry season is drawing to a
Glose, and by its excellence seems fitly to follow
that universally esteemed fruit. It had but just
Deon thoroughly proved as the time arrived for
j}of Pomology undistracted by the interests and
carrying out my plan of discontinuing the growth
and propugation of trees for commercial purposes,
to enable me in other ways more completely to de-
vote the remainder of my life to the advancement
es of business. Therefore 1 propagated only a
few,which I presented to some of my friends, a
partof whom did not appear to thiok a mulberry
cquld be of any value, and never gave them any
tention, but by all who eared for them, I have
had the pleasure of seeing them prized and fully
appreciated. I also tried to prevail upon a neigh-
bor to undertake its propagation for general dis-
semination, being well assured be would be doing
the country a great favor. It was soon after un-
dertaken by my friend, Dr. C. W. Grant, whose
efforts, in consequence of its peculiarities, were at
first unsuccessful, but I am now happy at know-
ing that he bas a small stock of very fine trees.
Of its excellent favor and productiveness, I need
not speak —its character, 80 far should at least be
now well established. As a tree for the lawn, I
think it deserves attention for its great beauty of
foliage and habit, and also for its hardiness and
unequaled rapidity of growth under generous
treatment. When grown in a border deep, rich,
and broad, and not interfered with by other trees,
its leaves, which are borne in profusion, acquire a
very large size, and in on incredibly short time it be-
comes a large tree, with a deep, cool, and impenetra-
ble sbade. For the first three years no grass-roots
should be suffered to abstract nourishment from its
roots, Afterwards, grass closely shaven may be suf-
fered to grow around and beneatb, on which the
fruit may be suffered to fall. Every morning it may
be gathered from the tree by picking, to which it
then adheres with considerable tenacity. At mid-
day a pretty severe jar will dislodge the fruit, but
if left till towards evening, it begins to fall off
itself, to make way for the next day’s fruitage,
That gathered in the morning has a large share of
sub-acid briskness, and may be kept for several
days. As the day adyances, the fruit becomes
softer, but it never loses its full, ricb, vinous,
aromatic flavor, and always Teaves the mouth cool
and healthy. I think ita fruit which every one
will enjoy,”
Mr. Benceaans, the well known Belgian Pomo-
logist thus wrote of it in the summer of 1858:
“Thistruly most distinguished fruit, so different
from the other American mulberries, by its rich
and sub-acid taste, was obtained from the seed of
the Multicaulis by our worthy and distinguished
Pomologist, Cas. Downixa, some twelve years
ago, in bis experimental grounds near Newburgh,
The tree is very vigorous, hardy and productive,
Its foliage is large and fine, making it altogether
an ornamental as well as useful tree. It comes
into bearing the third or fourth year, and the fruit
increases in size as the tree attains a more mature
condition. The fruit ripens in succession from be-
fore the first of July to the beginning of Septem-
ber, producing # never-fuiling crop of the most
luscious fruit, highly valued by a// who have had
an opportunity to taste it, and making a fine des-
‘ert, and s most delicious pie or pudding fruit
From oyer one inch to one inch and a halfin length,
about half an inch in diameter, and larger under
good, rich cultivation. Color purplish-black with
small fine grains, and is almost entirely without
seeds, and of a delightful, rich, sub-acid tasto,””
Rey. Heyry Wann Beecuen who had such a dis-
like to the common mulberry that he could hardly
be prevailed upon to taste this, expressed the
greatest surprise and gratification at the excellent
flayor of the new fruit, and wrote as follows, to the
gentleman who had presented him with the speci-
mens:
“Just as soon as I can find a spot where it can
haye rest, and root-room, I shall want a mulberry
tree, which I hope you will not fail to reserve for
me. I regard it as an indispensable addition to
every fruit-garden, and speak what I think, when
I say I had rather have one tree of Downing’s
‘Ever-bearing’ Mulberry than a bed of strawber-
ries. And I think all lovers of fine fruit, who like
me cau be prevailed upon to taste it, will be ready
at once to award to Mr. Cuartes Downine a high
rank among public benefactors, had he done noth-
ing more than give us this most estimable of all
small fruits, which the tree furnishes abundantly,
for more than two months of the season, when
such are most conducive to health and enjoyment.
“Tf any word of mine spoken through you or
otherwise will tend to induce amateurs and others
who are enriching their gardens and grounds with
choice fruits, to become possessed of this new kind,
that word shall be most heartily spoken, for I
regard it as a very great acquisition,”
. Sse
WIRE PEGS FOR POT PLANTS,
Fixprva I needed something to keep the branches
of my Chrysanthemums down, I referred to your
number of last year, and found there the represen-
tation of a wooden peg invented by Mr, Broome.
As, however, I have not much time to devote to
the sawing and cutting of wood, I bethought my-
self of something more easily attainable, and I
think at the same time more serviceable. It is a3
Wire, and cutting this up into pieces about six
inches in length, the end is readily bent with the
fingers into the shape of the peg just adverted to as
made by Mr. Broome, Bute difficulty arose. My
branches were overhanging the pots they were in,
Consequently pegging them down to the pots was
of very little use, I therefore found that the cop-
MOORE'S. RURAL NEW-YOREER.
per was much more preferable to the wood, as it
enabled me to twist it any way I please; thus I
had the means at my command of stretching my
shoots some distance over the sides of the pots.
The above is a sketch of its appliances in the form
Thave it now in use. These slips are capable of
being bent to any shape, whereas the wooden ones
could with great inconvenience only be used for
potplants. Another advantage gained is, that for
the price of 2d. I procured sufficient wire to make
40, and the time (an object with me) occupied in
making them was only 20 minutes. It is, there-
fore, I think, an improvement on the wooden peg;
should, however, a doubt arige that the wire would
slip from the mould, this may be remedied by
pressing the surface with the finger where the
wire enters, thus giving & @ompact body to resist
any attempt at rising. But before concluding I
must adda word of caution to amateurs like my-
self, namely, that should the branch intended to
be bent down be too strong snd too full grown, it
will be found necessary to aye a crutch or prop
(similar in shape only to those used by Jaundresses
in supporting their clotbeslines) formed out of a
piece of wood, or the jointsat 4 a in the wood cut
moy snap and prodyce disappointment, A piece
of bast tied round the branch bent and again to the
parent stem will answer the same purpose as a
crutch, Any information as to recent improve-
ments that may have been made will be considered
aboon. The Tulip, the Dablia, and several other
plants have long been favorites with the public,
and as the Chrysanthemum now seems rising in
estimation all that can be gleaned from experience
in regard to the management of that plant will be
highly acceptable —G. Aucurr, in Gard. Chron,
———$_ +
THE NEW GRAPES,
A conresronpen? and Burseryman of Pennsyl-
yania writes us as follovs;—"TI have felt in duty |
bound to take a position on the grape question
which I feared would offend some enthusiasts, but
am happy to see by a former number of the Korat
that your views are like mine, and of course, I think
correct, It was a great satisfaction .to find that I
was backed by so good authority, As to enthusi-
asm, I have no stones to throw.at others, for I sup-
pose I have spent as much/for new grapes, and
have, perhaps, nearly a4 many, as any other per-
son; but I have always féltadisposition to put my
foot on all humbugs, while, at the same time, I
have patronized humbugs in every form and on
every occasion for twelve years, always being among
the first to be caught. I do not, however, look
upon the present grape mania as a humbug, for I
truly believe it will be the cause of great and good
results. Yet, in imprudentor dishonest hands, the
cause may receive a check, and great injury, before
the good is fully gained.
Well may a person feel timid when entering on
a subject which has so absorbed the attention of
the great mass of pomologists and fruit-growers,
as to result in an almost perfect mania, under
whose influence each one seems to run as though
er was destined to
convinced that the sooner he is med,
he willsuffer. This may al! be true, in a pecuniary
point of view, with those who are propagating for
sale,—but whose feelings will be most comfortable,
when the ferer has subsided, can better be told
then, than imagined now; as we all seem to be
alike laboring under the popular hallucination.
We aro collecting from all quarters, new, and said
to be, superior sorts. Some may be so, and no
doubt the result will lead to a great deal of good,
both individually and nationally, by producing
more abundance of the wholesome fruit of the vine,
which, to some extent, may do away with some of
the poisonous drugs commonly termed beverages.
Bat in our wild enthusiasm, let us not run our
race too hurriedly, too inconsiderately, but fear
lest we finish our course ere the best results are
achieved; causing @ re-action, and turning the
mass against the cause /rom the dissemination of
inferior varieties to such an extent as to destroy all
the good done by sending out the few real valuable
varieties, ere it has resulted in the amount of good
itis destined to accomplish, if guided cautiously.
Viewing the case in this light, I would not excite
the feelings by glowing descriptions; for the pub-
lic prints abound in this too plentifully. Many of
the varieties have never yet been fairly tested out
of their native locality, while others have béen so
hurried on by Hot-bed culture—to supply demand—
as to require years to do even them or their culti-
vators justice,”
Ee
Cneckrxa Growrn or Taees.—Will you, or some of
your numerous correspondents, m me how to pre-
Vent Pear trees from making tow jarue a growth of pew
wood? I have cat the wood buck, but It seems to do
no good. Some of my trees have mnde from three to
five feet of new wood after being cnt back, the present
f#eason. I have been advised to cut back my trees this
month, bnt I am fearful that the new wood will be so
tender that it will become winter-killed, I should like
avy information you can !mpart to us now beginners in
fruit growing through the columns of the Ruzat.—H,
B,, Irondequolt, Monroe 0o., N, Y,, 1859,
We like to haye young pear trees make a fine
growth of wood. The first object to be gained is
4 good, substantial, well-formed, bealthy tree, and
not fruit. We kaow of no evil likely to result
from a “large growth of new wood,” as described
by our correspondent, and would take no means
to check it until the tree got to be quite large,
A few small crops of fruit will not repay the
damage done to a young tree by rashly checking
its naturally vigorous growth. When the tree,
however, becomes older, and seems disposed to
run too much to wood, pruning the latter part of
July will check it, and generally cause the forma-
tion of fruit buds. All that is necessary is to
pinch off the tops of the most vigorous branches.
New and tender shoots may be in some cases
forced out when the autumn is warm and growing,
but no injury would result should these be winter-
killed, as they would be mostly removed in spring
pruning. Root-pruning is the best way to check
the growth of a tree. Dig around it and cut off
with a sharp spade portion of the roots, To
accomplish much in this way with large trees, it is
necessary to dig a trench around them.
_—_—___—_+e+—____
Mepatto Mr. Fortunt.—The Paris Society d’Ac-
climation has awarded to Mr. Fortune one oftheir
first class medals, in consideration of his havin:
introduced to England so many useful and beauti-
ful plants.
crop of feuit was set on my bushes and nearly ripe,
sto the West, and perhaps to my garden alone.
The “Lawton” thrives well here, and is destined
generally known. I finditvery useful. Roots cut
—
LAWTON BLA Y CROP, &,
Eps. Rora Having noticed a new feature (to
mé at least,) in the growing of the Lawton or New
Rochelle Blackberry, I write this to try and ascer-
tain if itis acommon occurrences After the first
they all budded and blossomed the second time, so
that I had ripe fruit and blossoms in profusion at
the same time. As TI have never seen anything of
thekind noticed before, I conclude that it is pebuliar
to become a popular fruit in Western Iowa and
Nebraska, Our hard winters generally kill the
ends of the twigs and late growth, but not enough
to injure the plants in the least. I have grown
some very fine fruit this season, some of the ber-
ries measuring 2%¢inchesincircumference, Should
theysprove a perpetual they will be all the more
valuable.
As a general thing, crops of all kinds are good
with us. Spring wheat is light straw, but well
filled. Oats are a very fair crop. Corn bids to be
very heavy, although owing to bad seed and bad
weather and re-planting, a portion of it is late—
but if frost holds off as late as usual it will all
mature. . Barly potntoes will be poor, owing to the
dry weather a few weeks past, but the late rains
will make the late crop good. Grass is hot quite
as heavy as usual on account of the dry weather.
Tue accompanying i Specimen of propagating
this class of plants by roots. I don’t know if it is
into short pieces at any time of the year grow just
covered with earth. If put in in the autumn they
will push in the spring; any time daring summer
they are up in a few weeks.—W. W., in Gardenor’s
Chronigle.
e+
BUDDING VINES,
Haviyo lately seen seyeral articles in your col-
umns relative to the propagation of the vine, and
conclusions drawn that the time will arrive when
‘grafted plants will be more common,” I am in-
duced to lay before your readers a system I have
adopted, and which I havenot seen alluded to inany
treatise on the vine; nor in conyersation with most
experienced grape growers have I found they have
practised it. It is certainly far preferable to graft-
ing, 45 @ season for fruiting is gained, and a more
perfect union effected—I allude to budding in the
months of July and August. On August 9tb, 1858,
I received from a purseryman a small one guinea
plant of the Black Muscat vinery, a plant of the
Golden Hamburgh and one of the Bowood Muscat,
T was desirous that the Black Muscat Hamburgh
should be next to them, that I may fairly test the
relative merits of these three fine grapes; but as
there was a Black Hamburgh of two years planting
next to the Golden Hamburgh, I did not like
remoying it to plant the Black Muscat Hamburgb,
but resolved on trying the effect of budding the
Black Muscat Hamburgh on the stock of the Black
Hamburgh, On the 10th of August I inserted
three buds, and at the time of winter pruning cut
the Black Hamburgh down to the top bud inserted.
Each bud has broken quite as strong as a natural
eye, and on each shoot there were three as strong
and fine bunches of grapes as could be desired.
Since then the fruit from the leader has been
remoyed, and also two bunches from each side
shoot, leaying one to each bearer. This operation
has been performed in a young vinery, where there
are about forty vines, and the bunches on the
shoots of the inserted bnds are just beginning to
color. I shall, therefore, fruit this season, side by
side, from established plants in the border, the
Black Muscat Hamburgh, the Golden Hamburgh,
and the Bowood Muscat. From what information
T have been able to collect, I believe this to be an
advance in the propagation of the vine not before
practised. If it has been, I should from any of
your numerous readers like to know, and if not, it
gives me gratification to lay before the grape-
‘owing world the result of my experience.—
see Axpnias, in London Gardeners’ Chronicle.
Tavixo Park.—A novella yery admirable idea
is in process of being carried ont at Tarrytown, on
the Hudson, About one hundred acres of grou,
adjoining Sleepy Holloy—made memorable by
Irving’s pen—haye been converted into a pat z
which, when finished, will contain carriage drives
of several miles in extent, neatly sent walks for
promenaders, and spacious lawns and af ing ter-
races where children can play and gambol. ith-
in this park are villa sites, from one or two, to six
or eight acres in extent, which are for sale; and
each purchaser will not only possess a charming
homestead, but, also, be guaranteed all the privi-
leges of the park, which ground will be for the use
and benefit, aod under the control of the owners of
the sites.— Horticulturist,
Pi
ALL ABOUT BEANS.
“the beans for soup in thé
usual way, but-nly in water, seasoned with salt
and pepper to taste, and herbs if youlikey When
ready to take up, cut @ couple of large slices of
light, stale bread into pieces hag Tach square;
add a lump of good sweet by size of a hen’s
egg, (or more, if you have Soup,) and fry it
on the stove or roast it in *he oven. When brown
and crisp, put it inthe 0up tureen, pour the bean
soup over it and serte.
Muynesora, Bean Frarrers. —Soak a pint of
beans, and then boil in water. Salt it to taste. —
When the skins commence to loosen, place a coy-
ered steamer close over the pot of beans, and in a
few moments take it off briskly, and as quickly
skim off the skins which have risen on the surface,
Replace the steamer, and repeat the same until
you have as much of the skins as you can skim,
then let the beans boil toa mash, Take off; let
them cool to blood heat, then add sufficient yeast
to rise it, and stir in flour with a spoon until you
cangetinnomore, Be sure tohave sufficient salt,
Let it rise, and when very light (not sour,) drop
the mixture by spoonfuls into hot lard —as much
or as little fat as you plesse. Serve up hot.
Beans may be prepared more delicately for these
fritters by soaking bean meal in water over night,
then either baking in the oven with plenty of wa-
ter for four hours, or boiling in a pudding bag for
5 to 6 hours, Or, allow it to get perfectly cold,
and cut in slices, and fry like cold mush,
A New Sonscnimea.
Oak Hills, Minnesota, July, 1859, .
Bean Sour,
CAKES, CRACKERS, &o.
Messrs. Eps.:—In the Runat of June 18th is an
inquiry for a good recipe for making Grackers—I
send one, together with others that I think are
good:
Crackens.—Ten ounces of butter to 5 pounds of
flour wet with water. Mix very hard—pound half
an hour,
Pais Caxe.—Two eggs; 1¢ cup cream; 1 of
Sugar; lof flour; 1 teaspoonful of saleratus; 1
tablespoonful of rose water. .
Harp Gixckesreav.—Three cups of sugar; 13¢
of batter; 1 of sweet milk; 1 egg; 1 teaspoon
ginger; 2 of saleratus, Mix hard, roll out thin,
cut in cakes, and bake quick,
Cooxins.—Two cups of sugar; 1 of butter; 2
eggs; }¢ cup sour milk; 1 teaspoon soda.
Giger Sxars.—One cup molasses; 1 of dugar;
Socup warm water; 1 oup butter; 1 teaspoonsoda,
dissolved in the water; 2tablespoonfuls of ginger, —
and a little salt,
Inquiny.—Will some of the lady readers inform
me through the columns of the Rurat how to cook
Lima Beans, ° Lina: *
Nunda, N, Y,, 1859,
Keepino Crver Frese axp Swarr.—How can
cider be kept fresh and sweet? I wishto have a
barrel or two for fall and winter use. ‘Can some
of your correspondents fornish a recipe that will
prove certain in keeping the cider good? * Is boil-
ing cider down agood plan? Does such boilad-down
cider, when you add water to it, make as pleasant
a beverage as the unboiled?—B. H., Cincinnati,
Ohio, 1859.
A Cone ror Rueomatisw.—In the Ronata short
time since, I saw an inquiry fora recipe for the
relief of rheumatism, and I will send mine, which
is called No.1. Half pint brandy; 1 oz. of bear's
oil; 1 oz. origanum oil; 34 oz. of cayenne pepper.
Mix, and bathe the part affected.—L, T. D., Ash-
land, Dodge Co., Minn, 1859.
Cuear VinecAn.—Take one quart ripe red tur-
rants, crush, mix with one quart soft water, one
cop sugar or molasses. Put all ina stone jar, stir
well, cover well with a’ thin cloth, place it in the
sun, shake occasionally, and in one week you will
have excellent vinegar. Try it—A Runauisr,
Ontario, N. ¥., 1869.
A Goon, Heauray Dessert Puppixo.—The fol-
lowing recipe is given us by Isaac Coxvix, of Hen-
ietta, who has found the article very pulatable and
healthy :—Take equal parts of Indian meal and
rye flour, and make same as hasty pudding. Eat
with either milk or molasses, according to taste.
Borrer Crackers — Correction.—In the recipe,
sent you'for “Butter Crackers” on error occurs
in print, It should be o cup of sweet instead of
sour cream, This would make o material differ-
ence in the quality of the crackers.—N. ©. M.,
‘« Home Vale," N. ¥., 185%
—————
Josres—From my mother’s manuscript Cook
Book, commenced prior to her marriage in 1792.—
Three pounds of flour; two do. of sugar; one do.
of butter; six eggs, and some caraway seed.
A nor smovet held over varnished furniture will
take out white spots, it is said. -
A nit of glue dissolved in skim-milk and water
will restore old crape.
Rissons of any kind should be washed in cold
soap suds, and not rinsed,
Tr you are buying a carpet for durability, choose
small figures.
A urr of soap rubbed on the hinges of doors will
prevent their creaking,
Scorcu snurr put on the holes where crickets
come out will destroy them.
Woon snes and common salt wet with water,
will, stop the cracks of a stove, and prevent the
smoke from escaping.
‘Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
TO MY MOTHER.
w
: My mother! at thy holy name
| What throoging memories come—
Once more I'm sitting by thy side
’ Withio my much-loved home,
Again thind by es, 60 fall of pure
And deep affeetion, on me shine 5
Which, with their gentle light, so oft
Have calmed this pagsionate heart of mine,
I see thy eile, ao calm ané’sweet,
Which oft my giddy mirth r6proved—
Thy kiss upon my brow I feel >
‘That tells how dearly I am loved,
I see—TI fecl=and yet dream,
For I, alas! am fur from thee,
And thos brigbt hours, that real seem,
Memory alone recalls to me.
Mina, N. ¥., 1859.
Lure,
—
DEATH OF A CHILD.
“ Your little lamb Is sheltered
Within a pasture fair ;
No scorching heat of summer,
No biighting frost is there—
Can you not trust your darling
To the kind Shepherd's care ?”
Tho little voloe was silent,
The footsteps, light and small,
Stole softly o’er the carpet;
And yainly on the wall
‘The mother strained her eyes to see
‘The tiny shadow fall.
At morn, when household faces
Came gently to the door,
They found the tender mother
Clay-cold upon the floor.
On earth another coffin;
In heayen one angel more!
[Harper's Magasin,
‘Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
Plain Talks to American Women.--No.17.
BY MRS, M, P. A. CROZIER.
Disraicr Scroors.—We haye given some hints
tq aid mothers who may think best that the pri-
mary education of their children be conducted
under their own eye; but there will be many
whose circumstances will not permit this, and
others who may not think it a matter of sufficient
importance to cause them to change the course
they have already adopted, of relying principally
upon the Common School and its influences, for
their mental culture. To such, then, is this article
patticularly addressed,
It may not have occurred to all of you, that the
mothers who patronize a District School can haye
any material influence in determining its charac-
ter. Their voices are not heard at the school-
f meeting; they are not chosen members of the
school-board—how, then, can they greatly pro-
mote its interests—how can they effect any needed
change?
They may, if necessary, call a school-meeting
of their own, and decide what kind of a school it
ought to be, and that it must be sustained. They
may puss resolutions relative to the character and
qualifications needed by the teacher who is to be
intrusted with the education of their children,
the arrangements necessary for the comfort of the
pupils, and their advancement in knowledge—in
short, they may resolve what shall be the stand-
ard at which their school shall aim, and set them-
selves vigorously at work to bring about its
attainment. The report of their meeting being
presented at the regular annual school-meeting of
the fathers and brothers, would be likely to influ-
| ence their action in a great degree, If the
mothers had decided that no person but one of
{ ‘bigh qualifications should be intrusted with a
responsibility so great as the instruction of their
» N children, the school-board would hardly dare
employ an inefficient teacher, lest the school
should be ‘‘non es.” The voters of the district
would be ashamed to refuse to vote a tax for the
repairs of the house, or the apparatus which the
mothers had unanimously resolved necessary for
the comfort and progress of the school.
But not alone by the influence they might exert
upon the minds of those thus having the interests
of the school particularly in charge, can the
mothers advance those interests. They should
establish “a regular system of school Visitation,”
some one or more of their number being present,
at least weekly, to see what is being done, call the
attention of the teacher to any errors observed in
his management or system of instruction, and
give encouragement to both teacher and scholars,
Understanding this plan of the mothers, how
coreful would the teacher be in adopting the best
methods of teaching of which he could avail him-
self; and he who might be so favored as to be
approved by them, would feel that he had a right
arm of strength upon which to rely, and would
gird himself daily for his toil with courage as to
the result. And the children, knowing that the
eyes of their parents were continually marking
their progress, would be much more ambitious to
excel, than where no parental approbation was
snail A expected.
jut,” 88y8 one, perhaps, “
not time to attend fo thee eta i aadiad 7
‘What, not even time to see that your Common
Schools are what they should be? Your cares
may have excused you from adopting an extended
‘ fl system of home education, but they certainly
} should not excuse you from the responsibility of
y | taking some interest in your children’s intellectual
“13 swelfare.
| Still further, we would call the attention of those
mothers who patronize the Common Schools, to
the making of the “school-house” a pleasant
“BB place of resort for the little ones—to an apprecig.
“PIE tion of the subject of “the beautiful and tastefy
in education.” We can do no better than to quate
a few paragraphs from Mrs. Sigourney on this
subject:
“Why should not the interior of our school-
houses aim at somewhat of the taste and elegance
of the parlor? Might not the vase of flowers
enrich the table, the walls display not only well-
executed maps, but historical pictures or engra-
vings of the moralist, sage, orator, or Father
of his Country! It is alleged that the expenses
thus incurred would be thrown away, and the
beautiful objects defaced. This is not « necessary
result,
“J have been informed by teachers who had
made the greatest advances towards appropriate
and elegant accommodations for their pupils, that
it was notso, They said it was easier to enforce
habits of neatness and order among objects whose
taste and value made them worthy of care, than
amid the parsimony of apparatus, whose pitiful
meanness operates asa temptation to waste and
destroy. 5 J
“Let the communities now so anxious to raise
the standard of Education, venture the experiment
of a more liberal adornment of their dwellings. Let
them put more faith in that respect for the beauti-
ful which really exists in the young heart, and
requires only to be called forth and nurtured
to become an ally of yirtue and a handmaid to
religion. Knowledge has a more imposing effect
on the young mind when it stands like the Apostle
at the gate of mple. Memory looks back to
it more joyo) the distant or desolated
tracks of life, for right scenery of its early
path, :
“T hope the time is coming aoe isolated
village school-house shall be an Attic temple, on
whose exterior the occupant may study the prin-
ciples of symmetry and grace. Why need the
structures where the young are initiated into
those virtues which make life beautiful, be divorced
from taste and comfort? Do any reply that the
perception of the beautiful is but a luxurious sen-
sation, and may be dispensed with in systems of
education which this age of utility establishes?
Ts not the culture the more demanded to throw a
healthful leaven into the mass of society, and to
Serve as Some counterpoise for that love of accu-
mulation which pervades every rank, and spreads,
even in consecrated places, the tables of the money
changers.
“Tn ancient times the appreciation of whatever
was beautiful in the frame of Nature was account-
ed salutary by sages and philosophers. GaLen
says, ‘He who has two loaves of bread, let him
sell one and buy flowers, for bread is food for the
body, but flowers are food for thesoul.’ If the
“perception of the beautiful’ may be made con-
ducive to present and future happiness, if it have
a tendency to refine and sublimate the character,
ought it not to receive culture throughout the
whole process of education? It takes root, most
naturally and deeply, in the simple and loving
heart; and is, therefore, peculiarly fitted to the
early years of life, when, to borrow the words of a
German writer, ‘every sweet sound takes a sweet
odor by the hand, and walks in through the open
door of the child’s heart.’”
Now may not the united efforts of the mothers
accomplish very much in each district, in this
direction? Could they not cause young trees,
and shrubbery, and flowers to be transplanted to
the environs of the school edifice? If there is no
fence to protect them, can they not contrive some
way to secure one? Can they not add very much
to the attractiveness of the interior, by placing
upon the floor a plain rag-carpet, the workman-
ship of their own hands? Can they not, with
yery little trouble, curtain the windows, and place
aspread upon the table? If all would share in
the work, with how little actual outlay of money
might the school-room be made a delightful place,
a place where the children would love to congre-
gate, and whose influence would shed a refinement
over their characters, which the bare, broken
walls, cob-webbed windows, and unclean floors
could never exert—a place where the mothers
would find it pleasant to spend an occasional after-
noon in listening to the recitations of their cbil-
dren, observing their deportment, and assisting in
their studies.
Mothers, “rouse to” this “work of high and
holy love!” It is worthy your attention. What
subject, external to her own salvation, can be of
greater moment to the mother than the proper
unfolding and development of her children’s na-
tures? How can she regard as of permanent im-
portance those trifles which so frequently engage
her attention? Does she not feel that her off-
spring are the inestimable gift of Gop—unpolish-
ed gems, which she may trample in the dust, or
whose brilliancy she may 20 develop, and, by the
assistance of the Giver, improve, that they shall
be worthy place in the diadem of the Savior,
there to “shine as stars forever and ever,” Let
her realize that she must, at a future day, render
account for the manner in which she has discharg-
ed her duty to those committed to her trust, and
Not deem it woman’s part to waste
Life in inglorious sloth, to sport awhile
Amid the flowers, or on the summer wave,
Then fleet like the Epbemeron away,
Building no temple in her children’s heart,
Saye to the vanity and pride of life,”
but “ work while the day lasts,” that a noble edi-
fice may arise there which shall be forever golden
with the glory streaming from the Throne of Gop.
o-
A Sweer Voice.—A sweet voice is indispensa-
ble to a woman; I do not think I can describe it.
It is not inconsistent with great vivacity, but is
often the gift of the gentle and unobstrusive.
Loudness or rapidity is incompatible with it. It
is low, but not gutt —deliberate, but not slow.
Every syllable is distinctly heard, but they follow
each other like drops from a fountain, Itis like
the cooing of a dove, not shrill, nor even clear, but
uttered with that subdued and touching readiness
which every yoice assumes in moments of deep
feeling or tenderness. It is o glorious gift in
woman—I should be won by it more than by
beauty—more even than by talent, were it possi-
ble to separate them. But I never heard a deep,
sweet voice from a weak woman. It is the organ
of strong feelings and of thoughts which have
lain in the bosom till their sacredness almost
hushes.— Willis.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
SUMMER'S DEPARTURE.
’Twas the last day of sammer—as lovely and bright
As the glories that shine on mid-¢ummer night—
B’en Nature seemed smiling in beauty serene
As sho gave the farewell to her favorite queen —
‘The zephyrs were playing o'er meadow and hill,
And echoes were lisVning in hollows so still,
While Paasvs above, in her radiant sheen,
A halo of glory threw over the scene,
Tn the freedom of youth, and with spirits as gay
As the songs of the birds that we met on our way,
We clambered the hill-side and traversed tho glen,
Where oft we have wandered again and again,
‘To list the low voice of the murmuring rill
‘That in spring-time, when swollen, once turned the old
mill;
Now with moss overgrown, so silent and cold,
Whattales of the past might its record unfold t
And then in the forest wo saw at thelr play,
‘The shadows that flitted through aislea dim and gray,
‘Where fairies might linger in rural delight,
And hie to their acorn-cops quickly at night.
‘The grass made a carpet rich and soft to our feet,
And many 4 mossy trunk offered a seat,
While the hemlock and chestput, with oak intertwined,
Formed a couch where a king might in pomp bave
reclined.
Yet onward we wandered {n dreamy delay,
Now weaving wild flowers in a brilliant boquet,
Now twining a wreath, like the sages of yore,
For the brows of thelr heroes when battle was o’er,
Up tie hills, down tho yales, with a Joy that e’en now
Brings a light to the eye and a smile to the brow,
We wended our way till the broad azure blue
Of Ontario's wave spread full on our view.
But night was approaching, and far in the west,
‘The day-god was sinking in splendor to rest;
While o’er the calm waters a broad belt of gold,
A pathway to Paradise geemed to unfold;
So, gath’ring our treasures we hied to our home,
Unfettered in dreams on that pathway to roam,
Qh, ye who in cities are toiling away,
Where brick walls and black smoke quench the light of
day,
Would Ye quaff the rich goblet of beauty and health,
Which not 'senors can purchase, nor glittering wealth?
Go traverse the forest, the meadow and fleld,
And feel the glad’impulso which nature doth yield;
Go bask in the sunshine—go muse en the strand—
And be grateful to Gonfor the works of his hand.
Somerset, N. Y., 185
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
HOW TO MEET LIFE.
Ir we would meet life with a truly philosophic
spirit, we must cultivgte a calm indifference to the
numerous and varied ills and vexations to which
humanity issubject. A few years, at most, number
the term of our pilgrimage, and shorter and short-
er seem the years, as we hasten on our way. Brief,
indeed, are the hours of youth, and hope, and
pleasure, and we all learn the sad lesson as time
advances, that change, decay and death are written
on all things. Each one of us, as compared with
the great mass of human beings, is of no more im-
portance than a grain of sand on the sea shore, or
a blade of grass in the fields, and comparatively
few immortal names will be recorded for the re-
membrance or yeneration of coming millions,
Our dearest friends sink into the grave by our
side, and we wake to find our fondest hopes and
anticipations wrecked, or vanished. The friend-
ship, the love we clung to and trusted, turns to
coldness or dislike—the change may be in our-
selves, and we know it not. Why do we, miserable
creatures of a day, spend a moment in repining
for fancied advantages of name, or station? To
seek all the good we can is our duty, and to
acquire all the capacity and fitness for life in our
power. But to sigh for what is beyond our reach,
to covet beauty, or praise, or fame, or wealth—and
carry a morose and lowering brow, how will it
lessen our trials, or open the way to brighter days?
Which of us is satisfied with our condition asitis?
And which of us has not to bear burdens laid upon us
thro’ the ignorance or thoughtlessness of others?
Verily, we may not choose a sunny, flowery path,
nor even can we find unalloyed peace and happi-
ness in our present undeveloped, inharmonious
life. Then let us take life as it comes. If storms
and difficulties beset our way, eudeavor to preserye
aserene temper. If joys and blessings come un-
expectedly, receive them with a thankful heart,
Sometimes a wise course will avert the cloud
that threatened. Let us seek wisdom, so that
whether our way be prosperous or adverse, we may
walk calmly, unmoyed by envy or detraction.—
Whatever may be the future in the world hereafter
we know not—we are taught to hope it is nota
repetition of the errors, the blindness, the perver-
sity which poisons what might, and should be, a
beautiful, happy, and desirable existence. Let us
believe we shall yet see clearly and live rightly.
Quercny,
oe eS
Viovence anp Trura,—It is a strange and tedious
war, when violence attempts to vanquish truth.
All the efforts of violence cannot weaken truth,
and only serve to give it fresh vigor. All the
rights of truth cannot arrest violence, and only
serve to exasperate it. When force meets force,
the weaker must succumb to the stronger; when
argument is opposed to argument, the solid and
convincing triumph over the empty and false; but
violence and verity can make no impress on each
other. Let none suppose, however, that the two
are therefore equal to each other, for there is this
vast difference between them, that violence has a
certain course to run, limited by the appointment
of heaven, which overrules its effects to the glory
of the truth which it assails; whereas verity en-
dures forever, and triumphs over its enemies, be-
ing eternal and almighty as God himself.— Pascal.
SI
Revitine may be less common and less polite,
but it is not more wicked than flattery.
Written for Moore's Raral New-Yorker.
SOLITUDE,
Evtocres, sonnets, and invocations have erst
proclaimed the beauties, benefits, and deligia of
solitude. It comes to us ao delightful rest—a
breathing pause in the steep and rugged ascent—
4 moments calm in life's seething vortex, For
this we appreciate and seek it. Yet we look with
suspicion and something of awe on him who, dis-
gusted at life's reyolations, loathing the world
spurns it from him a paltry bubble, and in
“ Dear Solitude, the soul’s best friend,”
waits the sealing of the book. Thegloomy recluse
who turns his back upon society, and from the dark
fastnesses of his solitude hurls bitter taunts and
stinging rebukes at the errors and failings of his fel-
lows, is, to us, a repulsive vampire, fattening onthe
wrongs and evils of his brethren, from whom no
good can emanate. All the shining virtues, sweet
peace and calm contentment, ascribed to solitude
have not there their origin or abode. Too sure
has ready evidence established solitude the birth-
place of mischief, Evil thoughts are born in
secret, wicked plans devised, and deadly results
follow. Devils hold secret orgies. Wrong and
error, dark purpose and deadly deeds, have their
origin, education and maturity in silence and
secret, Alone with his evil thoughts and dark
fancies, the assassin arranges his vile plans, and
under night’s fitting darkness and secrecy, fulfills
his terrible purpose. The crafty wolf and stealthy
anaconda spring from hidden solitudes upon the
innocent, unsuspecting victim, and these may
find their counterpart in hnman society.
It is well for man at times to isolate himself
from his surroundings, and hold seyere commu-
nion with himself,—ask himself how far the pages
of experience are perused to his profit and adyance-
ment. How much of good is learned—how much of
charity and kindness has he passed on the other
side,—and if he discover a mission appointed him,
there, undisturbed, digest his plans for its noble
fulfillment. There, too, may we seek the source
—search out the cause of the wide extension of
error, crime, and sufferiug, whose lengthening
shadows are veiling our country in shame and
gloom, and rouse our ability to alleviate or remove.
Long continued solitude makes one morose, fret-
ful, jealous—anything but a pleasant companion
to mingle again in society. Unused to respecting
others rizhts, and forgetful of that mutual de-
penderce cu-existent with society, the recluse
occupies a0 obupyy position,
To such resul's solitude can present no legal
claims, and certaiuly is not, therefore, deserving
sounding pean, or pompous eulogy.
Ben Burnocr.
as
WHINING.
Tene is a class of persons in this world, by no
means small, whose prominent peculiarity is whin-
ing. They whine because they are poor, or if rich,
because they have no health to enjoy their rivhes;
they whine because it is too shiny; they whine
because it is too rainy; they whine because they
have ‘‘ne luck” and others’ prosperity exceeds
theirs; they whine because some friends have died
and they are still living; they whine because they
have aches and pains, and have aches and pains
because they whine, and they whine no one can
tell why. Now, I would like to say a word to
these whining persons,
First, Stop whining. It is of no use—this ever-
lasting complaining, fretting, scolding, fault-find-
ing and whining. Why, you are the most deluded
set of creatures thatever lived. Did you not know
that it is a well-settled principle of physiology and
common sense, that these habits are more exhaus-
tive of nervous vitality than almost any other
violation of physiological law? And do you not
know that life is pretty much as you take it and
make it? You can make it bright, sunshiny, or
you can make it dark, shadowy. This life is meant
only to be disciplinary—to fit us for a higher and
purer state of being, Then stop whining and fret-
ting, and “go on your way rejoicing.”
Second, Sing the song of life cheerily. Hark!
Do youhear yonder bird singing joyously its merry
carols, as it hops from bough to bough in its
native forest-home? Imitate it! Take up your
song of life, using it joyously and bravely, Sing
on, though you feel it not. You are a miserable,
neryous dyspeptic, in wrong relations to yourself
and all God's universe, and that’s all that ails you,
Then stop short, take up the song of life, and leave
off forever that whine of death,
“A merry heart doeth good like a medicine; but
a broken spirit drieth up the bones.” Live simply,
cheerfully and trustingly; and, by-and-by, your
troubles “will take to themselves wings and fly
away.” You will gradually grow more and more
into harmony with the natural order of things, and
the bright light of heaven will shine pleasantly
down into your souls and baptize them into new
life.—Life Illustrated,
tee
Past Trovsies.—Don’t harp on past troubles.
When we see a pale, nervous woman, in the midst
ef her friends, preferring to entertain them with
alist of the racking pains she has suffered, to a
saunter in God's free air and sunshine, we cannot
wonder that the rose returns not to her blanched
cheek, Why is it to some these memories are
very meat and drink? They consume them—the
bitter agony is acted over and over again, the tear
thrice shed, the place cherished where such 4
dreadful thing occurred—the scar fondly petted
that tells of the almost fatal knife. They gasp
over, and yet cling to them.
—____+e+_—_
Goopxess.—The goodness of people around us
is not alla mask, There is a great deal that is as
the sounding brass and the tinkling cymbal; but,
God be thanked, there is a great deal that is true,
sweet music with the rest of it. I believe, in fact,
that those men who seem to us the worst, seem
worse than they really are. I believe that the
man who has stood before his fellow-men as the
worst man, is conceived by them to be worse than
he really is. I believe there is some vein of light
in the darkest heart, some extenuating incidents
in the basest life.—2. H. Chapin.
mouth, a prayer goes up from my soul that “ Mrn-
nre’s garden may ever be bright with the flowers
of affection, and the little ‘Hope-bird’ ever sing
as gaily upon the green sprays of Trust.’ Trust!
“A volume in a word, 6
An ocean in a tear.”
It is a cool fountain upon the dusty highway of
Life, and its rainbow foam reflects the light which
streams through the windows of the Future. —
There are many smooth paths winding through
“our gardens,” and Joy loves to dance therein to
the music of Hope and Love; but this happy
visitor often flees from the presence of a pale, sad-
eyed stranger, whose veil of sorrow is woven
with tears. We cannot welcome her cordially,
even if her first words are, “ Your light affliction,
a far more exceeding and eternal weight of glory.”
No! The eye of faith is dim—our spirit’s bell
is tolling the knell of cherished hopes, and we
listen to it instead. Anticipation has felded ber
wings and now dark despair broods o'er us. We
forget that
“ Behind a frowning Providence
He hides a smiling face,”
There are no more singing birds fluttering through
“our garden”’—silent and desolate, it only echoes
that slow, dismal, tolling—tolling. The flowers
are almost crushed by the blinding ‘tear-rain ;”
but when the storm has passed we can see the
blessed baptismal, in the freshness and purity of
each blossom.
Oh, Earth’s sorrowing ones, who are walking
with torn and bleeding feet over a thorny path-
way, “look ‘out for the light.’” “Night brings
out stars as Sorrows show us Truths.” Hach
bears a new blessing in her hand for some poor
mortal! We should take comfort from this, know-
ing that our turn will come sooner or later, never
forgetting that ‘‘ our gifts” are sometimes in dis-
guise.
Marshall, Mich,, 1857.
A. P. De
ANTICIPATING EVILS.
Exsoy the present, whatsoever it may be, and
be not solicitons for the future; for if you take
your foot from the present standing, and thrust it
forward towards to-morrow’s events, you are in a
restless condition. It is like refusing to quench
your present thirst by fearing you shall want
drink the next day. If it be well to-day, it is
madness to make the present miserable by fearing
u are full of to-
nt the next
it may be ill to-morrow—when
day’s dinner, to fear that you
day’s supper; for it may be
then to what purpose was this da
But if to-morrow you shall want, you
come time enough, though you do not hasten it;
let your trouble tarry till its day comes. But if it
chance to be ill to-day, do not incrense it by the
cares of to-morrow. Enjoy the blessings of this
day, if God send them, and the evils of it bear
patiently and sweetly; for this day is only ours—
we are dead to yesterday, and we are not born to
the morrow. He, therefore, is wise that enjoys as
much as is possible; and if only that day's trouble
Jeans upon him, itis singularand finite. “Suffi-
cient to the day (said Christ) is the evil thereof;””
sufficient, but not intolerable. But if we look
abroad, and bring into one day’s thoughts the evil
of many, certain and uncertain, what will be and
what will never be, our load will be as intolerable
as it is unreasonable—Jeremy Taylor.
———__+e- — ——__
Peack,—Peace is better than joy. Joy is a0
uneasy guest, and always on tiptoe to depart. It
tires and wears us out, and yet keeps us ever fear-
ing that the next moment it will be gone Peace
is not so—it comes more quietly, it stays more
contentedly, and it never exhausts our strength,
nor gives us one anxious thought. Therefore let
us pray for peace, It isthe giftof God—promised
to all His children; and if we have it inour hearts
we shall not pine for joy, though its bright wings
never touch us while we tarry in the world.
—_—s
iS
k
Written for Moore's Raral New-Yorker.
THY WILL BE DONE.
‘Tirx will be done! Oh, what a state
Of mock submission that implies!
‘That, disappointed, still can walt
Tn patience for tho promised prize.
Thy will be dono! Yes, Gon’s own will,
Without a thought of ours that err,
And which, tho’ often crossed, can still
Give up at once and not demur,
‘Thy will be done! and only this, ,
Whatever else Is left undono;
And let obedience and bliss
Through all our lives and natures run,
Thy will be done! and can wo say
‘This sweet acknowledgment of trust
Tn that sincere and humble way
‘That every true believer must?
Victor, N. Y., 1859, K.
oe
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
OUR GARDEN.
We have each of us got one, reader,—a garden
of the heart. Many are the flowers, but I fear
there are more weeds, Sometimes chilling winds
sweep through it—blighting all the blossoms.—
The leaves become faded and crisp, emitting no
fragrance. This oftenest happens in mature life,
when
“ Ambition’s wild, aspiring dream ts o’er.”
I gaze upon the little prattler by my side with
sad forebodings of what may be, Her rosy face
looks up very confidingly from its sunny frame of
curls, and while I press a kiss upon the little
which is but for a moment, worketh out for you
d's
uN
6
How to Dinect Your Lerrens,—When you %
send your letters [80 he calls our prayers,] be sure
and direct them to the care of the Redeemer, and
then they'll never miscarry.—Mathew Henry.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
MANAGEMENT OF SCHOOLS.
Ir would seem that enough had been said and
written upon the subject of Common School Edu-
cation to now let the matter remain in silence, but
when we consider that the little children compos-
ing our schools, are soon to enter the great field
of action, a8 the thinkers and workers upon whom
will rest the destiny of our country, we think that
too much cannot be spoken to arouse teachers and
patrons to a sense of their duty.
The child’s mind is a canvas upon which the
principles and character of those with whom he has
daily intercourse soon becomes impressed. A
word may change his wholeafterlife—may awaken
the energy and the power to rank first among the
honored of our land, to achieve works of true
greatness, or may crash that spirit, and the child
become the “‘vilest of the vile,” an inhabitant of a
prison cell. Yet how many parents there are who
never enter the school-room to look after the inter-
ests of their children? The lowest applicant is
usually employed, without any regard toreputation
ns a teacher, and the work is begun and ended
without further notice,
“Haven't time to attend to such matters,” says
one—“ business will not admit,” remarks another,
Certainly you “haven't time,” yet of what enlarge-
ments will not your “business” admit, and all
receive due attention. Perhaps you never thought
how a few hours spent in the school-room now and
then, would encourage pupils and interest teachers
in their work. The same round of duties, day
after day, becomes irksome—the child longs for
some change, and the thought that some one is
interested in their welfare, and desires to see them
progressing, will give to each a new relish for
study and a new determination to improve,
Some say “our school is small, hardly worth
teaching, much more visiting.” If you possessed
nacre of ground, would you neglect to cultivate
because you hadn't fifty, or bestow your whole
care upon it in order that the harvest might be
more abundant? In either case the idea of neglect
Suggests itself to our minds as a very erroneous
one. If the few are not educated, how are the
mass to become so? That little company may
contain another Wasnminatox, a Newron, or a
Fraxxc1s—let him be educated judiciously, then,
and receive his place in society. Ata time when
4n education is within the reach of every one, let
every possible exertion be made to enhance the
cause. Let teachers visit the parents and talk
with them about the matter. If they neglect to
send their children regularly, tell them the eyila
resulting from such a practice, and get themin-
terested—if too poor to afford to buy a book, buy
one yourself—the expense would be buta trifle,
and the consciousness of having performed a kind
action would more than furnish a recompense.—
Since immortality is the birth-right of every human
being, let no one be left in ignorance of those
divine truths which refine the nature, and prepare
the soul for that ‘glorious hereafter,” promised us
as a reward for well doing. Eyary Exus.
New Lebanon, Col. Co,, N- ¥-, 1859,
———+22+—____
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
QUALIFICATIONS OF THE TEACHER.
Tr is with a great degree of pleasure that I read
the articles appearing in the Rurat, (by the way,
your paper is a regular and very welcome visitor
at many « happy home in this section of the coun-
try,) under the caption “Educational.” I am
much interested with other portions, and having
taken some pains to extend its circulation, Iam
glad to hear it spoken of, as I often do, as the pa-
per that does more for the Farmer than any other,
But particularly am I interested with your sugges-
tions to teachers, from which alone I have gained
morethan enough to pay for my year’s subscription.
The education of the young has of late occupied
the minds of the people more than in former days.
Many improvements have been made in the system
of Common School teaching, and many advantages
are now enjoyed of which we knew nothing a few
years since. But although much has been done,
much remains to be accomplished. Many of our
people have a great deal yet to learn, both with re-
a to. ng teachers, and treating them
erly after they are employed, Or, if these
lessons are 2 learned, they need to be bro't
into practical use.
Tn this age of dollars and cents, when gold and
silver gain respect and influence for a man who
deserves neither, and when bank notes are a pass-
Port to office, many seem to lose sight of the prop-
er qualications for a teacher, and, too often, of two
applicants for a school, the one who obtains em-
ployment gets it, not because he is the better qual-
ifled of the two, but because he will teach for a
few dollars less than any one else. I hope thatthe
time will soon come when the truth will belearned
— cheap teachers are poor bargains at least, in the
majority of instances. ‘True, there are cases where
Very competent teachers can afford to labor for a
low salary; but what we would urge, is, this
should not be the reason why they are employed.
From experience and observation I am speaking,
and wouldnotice further, that haveknown ‘ones
destitute of right moral principles — to Say noth-
ing more — gain employment where those of good
moral character were refused. This is not us it
should be. Parents do not rightly estimate the
Amount of influence that a teacher is calculated to
exert, The teacher's example will either be usefal
orinjurious to the pupils through life. Impres-
made upon the youthful mind, can never be
erased. The teacher may, by exerting a proper
influence, produce impressions which the minister
» of the Gospel may vainly strive for years to pro-
duce. How Necessary, then, that none be employ-
. od to instruct the youth, but those who will labor
earnestly to inculcate right moral principles.
London, ©. W., 1389, P. B. Dar.
PHIPPS UNION FEMALE SEMINARY, ALBION, N. Y. a
Ose of the prominent and most pleasing char-
acteristics of Western and Central New York con-
sists in its finely located and well sustained
Academies and Seminaries—almost every town
of note haying at least one institution of merit and
reputation. The edifices occupied by these insti-
tutions are mostly substantial and beautiful struc-
tures, and many of them admirable in location
and surroundings. This is particularly true of
several heretofore presented in the Runa —such
as the Elmira Female College, Auburn Theological
Seminary, Brockport Collegiate Institute, Tracy
Female Institute, and others. And we take pleas-
ure in giving a view, and brief notice of another
excellent institution —that of Phipps Union Fe-
male Seminary, above represented.
This Seminary has long ranked among the first
of its class in this section of the Union, having
been incorporated by the Regents of the University
|
of New York in 1840. The last Annual Catalogue
(for the year ending June 23d, 1959,) shows that
the institution is well patronized and in a very
prosperous condition, The annual Examination
of pupils (June 21st, 22d and 23d,) is said to have
been highly creditable. We make the following
extract from the Report of the Examining Com-
mittee:
‘Seldom, if ever, has there been witnessed more
perfect order, and clearer evidence of thorough
scholarship, than were exhibited during this exam-
ination, While ai evinced good training and
commendable proficiency in their respective de-
partments, it is but just to mention some classes
that excelled. The large class in Cornell’s High
School Geography, showed a thoroughness and
practical readiness highly pleasing to all. The
examination of the classes in Botany, Wayland’s
Moral Science, Butler’s Analogy, Kames’ Elements
A
of Criticism, and the class in Algebra and Trigo-
nometry, would have done credit to similarclasses
in any of our best Colleges. The young ladies not
only answered promptly, but explained many of
the leading and most difficult parts of these sciences
in the most lucid and satisfactory manner. They
gave clear evidence of diligent application, and
that thoroughness which can only be acquired by
persevering effort, and faithful, earnest, and la-
borious teaching. Another excellence manifest at
this examination, of which the Committee would
speak particularly, was the care given to teaching
penmanship and composition. More neat, or im-
proved writing-books, it has never been our privi-
lege to examine. The Graduating Class deported
themselves most becomingly. Their compositions
were of a higher order of sentiment — wel! written
and well read ; worthy of the highest commenda-
tion
STATE TEACHERS! ASSOCIATIONS.
Tue New York State Teachers’ Association held
its Fourteenth Annual Session at Poughkeepsie,
on the 2d, 8d,and4thinst. The following persons
were chosen officers for the ensuing year:
President—James N. McEuuicorr, LL. D., New
York. Vice-Presidents—Jas. Johonnot, Syracuse ;
W. N. Read, Newburg; Asa Baker, Johnstown;
Edwin A, Charlton, Lockport. Recording Secre-
taries—James Atwater, Lockport; G, N. Harris,
yracuse. Zyeasurer—Wm, H. Hughes, Albany.
Board of Editors for the New York Teacher.—
J. W. Bulkley, Brooklyn; E, A. Sheldon, Oswego;
A. Z. Barrows, Buffalo; W. W. Raymond, Skane-
ateles; D, H. Crittenden, New York; Emily A.
Rice, Schenectady; Helen M. Philleo, Boonville;
E. W. Keyes, Albany; A. B. Wiggin, Owego; Ed-
ward Webster, Rochester; J. W. Barker, Niagara
Falls.
The Association resolved to hold its next Annual
Meeting at Syracuse, July 31st, 1860,
Tae Wisconsin Association held its Sixth Annual
Session, at Madison, last week. There were some
three hundred teachers present. The session was
continued four days, and the exercises were highly
interesting. The following officers were elected
for the ensuing year:
President—J. B. Prant, of Sheboygan. Vica-
Presidents—M. P, Kinney, Racine; George Gale,
Trempeleau; J.J, McIntyre, Berlin. Secretary—
James H. Magoffin, Waukesha. Zreasurer—E. 8.
Green, of La Crosse, Couneillors—A. J. Craig,
Palmyra; J. L, Pickard, Platteville; E. C. John-
son, Fond du Lac; E. P. Larkin, Milwaukee; T. J.
Connaughty, Kenosha.
The next session of the Association will be held
at Milwaukee, in July, 1560.
——_+e+—___
Keys 1x Mataematics.—The attention of teachers
and parents should be called to the use of “Keys”
by pupils in Arithmetic and Algebra, in some of
our schools, The title page says they are designed
for the teachers only; but the booksellers in some
towns inform us that the demand for them nearly
equals the sale of the corresponding text-books,
Whatever may be said of the convenience or neces-
sities of teachers, there can be no defense of their
use by pupils, They prevent thoroughness and
self-reliance, defeat the primary purpose of educa-
tion, and directly foster indolence, superficiality,
and conceit, The pupil who has simply copied a
Solution, comes to the recitation with the compla-
cent assumption that ke understands the problem,
when it can be truly comprehended only by being
worked out. “ We get along so fast with them”
is the poor plea which seems to satisfy those who
do not consider that mental discipline is gained
more effectually by doing a few things well, than
by any such accelerated efforts to go over a wide
field. A child is the creature of habit, and if de-
pendence upon such aids be permitted, the habit
will soon be fixed, and relf-reliance be sacrificed.
—Massachusetts Teacher.
—_—_—_—_+e+—______
Gnearvess.—A great, a good, and a right mind
is akind of divinity lodged in flesh, and may be
the bleasing of a slayeas well as a prince; it came
from heaven, and to heaven it must return; and it
is o kind of heavenly felicity, which a pure and
virtuous mind epjoys in some degree, even upon
earth,—Seneca,
a
Dastax or Epucatio.—The real design of edu-
cation isto ‘Sive children resources that will endure
as longaslifeendures; habits that time will ameli-
orate, not destroy; occupations that will render
= uccnanics (©
5 © fs
MAKING A NEEDLE.
I wonper if any Ifflle girl, who may read this,
ever thought how many people are all the time at
work in making the things which she every day
uses. What can be more common, and, you may
think, more simple than a needle? Yet, if you do
not know it, I can tell you that it takes a great
many persons to make a needle, and a great deal
of time, too.
Let us take a peep into the needle manufactory.
In going over the premises, we must pass hither
and thither, and walk into the next street and
back again, and take a drive to a mill, in order to
see the whole process. We find one chamber of
the shop is hung around with coils of bright wire
of all thicknesses, from the stout kinds used for
codfish hooks, to that of the finest cambric needles.
In a room below, bits of wire, the length of two
needles, are cut by a vast pair of shears fixed in
the wall. A bundle has been cut off; tho bits need
straightening, for they just came off from the
coils,
The bundle is thrown into a red-hot furnace,
and then taken out and rolled backward and for-
ward on a tgble till the wires are straight. This
process is called “rubbing straight.” We now
see a mill for grinding needles, We go down into
the basement and find a needle pointer seated on
his bench, He takes up two dozen or so of the
wires and rolls them between his thumb and fin-
gers with their ends on the grindstone, first one
end and then the other. We have now the wires
straight, and pointed at both ends, Next is a
machine which flattens and gutters the heads of
ten thousand needles an hour. Observe the little
gutters at the head of your needle, Next comes
the punching of the eye, and the boy who does it
punches eight thousand an hour, and he does it so
fast your eyes can hardly keep pace with him.—
The splitting follows, which is running a fine wire
through a dozen, perhaps, of these twin mecdles.
A woman, with a little anvil before her, files
between the heads, and separates them. They
are now complete needles, but rough and rusty,
and, what is worse, they easily bend. A poor
needle, you will say. But the hardening comes
next. They are heated in @ furnace, and when
red-hot are thrown into a pan of cold water. Next
they must be tempered, and this is done by rolling
them backward and forward on a hot metallic
plate. The polishing still remains to be done.—
On avery coarse cloth needles are spread to the
number of forty or fifty thousand. Emery dust is
atrewed over them, oil is sprinkled, and soft soap
is dashed in spoonfuls over the cloth; the cloth is
then rolled up with several others of the same
kind, thrown into a wash-pot, to roll to and fro
for twelve hours or more. They come out dirty
enough, but after a rinsing in clean hot water,
and a tossing in sawdust, they look as bright as
can be, and are ready to be sorted and put up for
sale. But the sorting and doing up in papers,
you can imagine, is quite a work by itself,
—_—_—___+—____.
“Tene are some members of a community,”
Said the sagacious and witty Thomas Bradbury,
“that are likea cramb in the throat; if they go
the right way they afford but little nourishment,
but if they go the wrong way, they give a great
deal of trouble.”
ABOUT INSECTS.
Tysecrs are largely endowed with the faculty of
sight; for their eyes, though unable to turn, are
infinitely multiplied, and compensate by quantity
for their want of motion, To give an idea of the
numbers some orders possess, I may mention that
to one species of butterfly, by no means among the
largest, is allotted nearly 35,000 eyes. These are
distributed over every part of the body, and thus,
whatever may be the position of the animal, no
dangor can approach unperceived, as a sentinel
keeps watch in every quarter. .
The passions of love and fear, and sometimes
higher emotions, are exhibited very signally in
some orders of insects, and are even expressed in
sounds, which, while not without significance to
the human ear, are doubtless full of meaning to
themselves. The fact may be demonstrated by
giving chase to a common blue-bottle, which will
immediately raise its note in a surprising manner,
the tone being one of unmistakable alarm. In
tropical countries I have noticed the same pecu-
liarity, with but little variation, in mosquitoes;
and the adroitness with which these little janissa-
ries avoid capture indicates an organization still
more subtle,
Few are unacquainted with the alertness or fero-
city of spiders, exhibited so constantly within the
sphereof familiar observation. Letafly bethrown
on a spider's web and a strange spectacle will fol-
low. The terror and despair of the fly at the first
approach of his inexorable enemy, his energetic
efforts to escape from the tyrant’s clutches, and
his last touching death-struggle, with the exulta-
tion, rage and malignant cruelty of the spider, are
a vivid mimicry of the mightier paroxysms of man,
which few will be able to contemplate with apathy
indifference.
I need not dwell here on the affection of insects
for their progeny, as that is a passion which, by
the wise providence of the Almighty, prevails, with
few differences of degree, throughout the whole
range of nature, But it would be an omission not
to say that they experience more than usual diffi-
culty in providing for the necessities and require-
ments of their young, yet pursue this object, under
every disadvantage, with unwearying forecast,
tendernoss and perseverance.—Fullom.
eee
THE RELIGIONS OF CHINA.
Tue national religions of China are three, name-
ly, the system of Confucius, that of Taou, and that
of Buddha. Besides these, there are about a mil-
lion of Christians and quite a number of Mahome-
dans. The religion of Confucius addresses itself
to the moral nature. The ides of virtue and vice
is inculcated, and the duty of compliance with the
precepts of law. But it ignores, or but faintly re-
cognizes the higer sanctions of rewards and pun-
ishments in a future life.
Tsouism is materialistic. Its ideas of the soul
are physical and chemical, It regards the stars
as divine, and it defies hermits and physicians,
magicians and alchemists.
Buddhism differs from both, It is commonly
said to be a form of materialism, and yet it is emi-
neatly subtle, metaphysical and imaginative. It
denies the existence of matter, repudiates the evi-
dence of the senses, and renders its homage and
worship only to abstract ideas of fictitious imper-
sonations,
These religions .are so many attempts to meet
the wants of the human mind, and they supple-
ment each other, go that one does not absolutely
supersede the others. The very fact that this va-
riety of faith can be professed and tolerated by
the Chinese people, in this characteristic quiet-
ness and forbearance, is an indication ef a tolerant
and religious disposition of mind.
f oy . SS ae FEC
Eps. Ronat:>—Ehave read with much pleasure
and interest, the “Young Ruralist” column, and
think it is an essential part of your most excellent
Paper, which we hail with much pleasure every
week. Now, my name is not very often seen in
public print, but I have made bold this time for
the following reasons. -
In the Rurat of June 4th, T saw an article writ-
ton by “Cures,” Headed “High Notions” which
suited my fancy exactly, I felt that I could in-
dorse every word of it\ Judge of my Surprise
then, on opening the Rurixof July 30th, to find
an article over the signature of « W. S.” of Niagara
Co., wholly setting aside, or taking back said ar-
ticle, and asserting that ‘he was evidently labor-
ing under intense excitement” when»be wrote
it, calling it ‘tan ‘old fogy’ influence’? which
he was trying to spread, &o. Now, if it will not
arouse any one's dander to hear one’s chosen oc-
cupation,—one so pleasant and delightful, too,—so
greatly depreciated as “ W, S.” would haveit, then
we do not know what would.
Where do you find the most true enjoyment —
true happiness? Is it with those who follow a
Commercial life? Is it with those who follow the
Plow, and obey that mandate, “earn thy bread by
the sweat of thy brow.” Do you see any real
happiness depicted on the countenance of those
pale-faced, young men, that are seen behind the
counter of every city store? On the contrary, you
hear them complain of sickness in some of its
forms. Poor fellows! We pity them from the
bottom of our hearts. Evidently W. 8. did not
read “C. P. 0.’s” article in the Runat of July 2d,
or perhaps he is disposed to try the new “ drive-
wheel” again. We would tell “W. S.” it will not
go. Itis not made of the right material, It hag
been tried enough to satisfy candid and thoughtful
persons, The “drive wheel” of Honest Society,
must be made of Agricultural pursuits. We would
not be understood to say that every body must be
Farmers, No! no! that wonld neyer do, It has
often been truthfully said that ‘one trade is de-
pendenton another.” It takes all of them to make
up a world—one could not do without the other,
but if the “drive wheel” keeps constantly dimin-
ishing, and the other parts increasing, then the
motion stops. We are for every person making a
free choice of occupation, as well as ““W.S.,” but
let all occupations be held up in the same light—
then we can see to make a choice. Our “drive
wheel” has been weakened and constantly dimin-
ished by so doing, and what has been the result?
Alas! the answer is known too well, But of late,
we are happy to assert, much has been done to re-
place the old “drive wheel,” so that things may
goon with their wonted regularity; and it is be-
ing replaced. A few more revolutions and the old
“drive wheel” will be in full operation again.
There are some disagreeables appertaining to
farming as well as to anything else, but we think
they are fewer. Go upon a well-regulated farm
with all the improvements of the day, in tools and
other appurtenances, and there are few unpleas-
ant features. Farming has been let ran to too
low a figure; but, for a few years back, through
the instrumentality of first-rate agricultural pa-
pers, together with the go-aheadativeness of the
people, it has been revived, and is still reviving.
Farming is a very pleasant, healthful, and useful
occupation, and itcan be ma@e more so, and will
be. The time is speedily coming when the farmer
will hold his proper place in community. A great
mapy of our most influential men are directing
their attention to farming. Frank D.
Akron, Erie Co,, N. Y., 1809.
THE DOGS.
Messrs. Eps.:—I wish to say a word for my
friends, the Dogs, in answer to Mr. Penson, in
the Ronax of July 16th. I cannot see the noble
creature so cruelly maligned and not speak a word
in his defence. Instead of waging an indiscrim-
inate war of extermination against him, let us edu-
cate him. No animal, except man, has faculties so
susceptible of cultivation; and in the place of useless
untrained curs which make night hideous, we shall
have faithful and valuable servants. I extract a
few items from an able article on dogs, in the
last New American Cyclopedia, as comprising what
I wish to say much better than I could say it:
“It would be useless here to introduce anecdotes
proving the sagacity, faithfulness, affection, grati-
tude, courage, velocity and other useful qualities
of the dog; these haye been known from remote
antiquity and are recognized in the earliest sys-
tems of Pagan theology and astronomy.
“Tn France and seyeral other countries, especi-
ally Holland, dogs are frequently employed as
draught animals, and in Kamatchatka and Green-
land, almost exclusively for the same purpose.—
From the above remarks it must be evident that
the dogs are the most complete and usefal conquest
ever made by man; all their faculties have been
rendered subservient to him, for his pleasure and
profit, for his safety against his own kind and other
animals.”
What a crowd of anecdotes, illustrative of the
sagacity and courage of the canine species, does
the name of St. Bernardsuggest! His noble deeds
of rescuing snow-bewildered travelers in the Alps
should atone for all defects in the manners of his
humbler brethren. In conclusion, I would advise
Mr, Peanson to read the article from which I
quote, and then buy himself the best-looking pup-
py he can find in St. Lawrence county. x
Cazenovia, N. Angust, 1859,
Gexvixe Goopyessis no stagnant pool, but flow-
ing and melodious like a mountain stream. Even
innocence is sometimes insipid, but virtue, which
is innocence, is tried and tempered like steel in the
fire of: expe ience—virtue, which is purity of heart,
made positive and put in action, commands the
love and reverence of the world.
ROCHESTER, N. Y., AUGUST 20, 1859.
TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
3
And an Extra Copy, free, to every person remitting for @
‘lub of six or more copies; and Two free copies for every
elub of Thirty or over, Asm new Half Volume commenced
Joly 24, Now is toe Time to form Clubs for either Six
Months or a Year, All persons who form new clubs to com-
mence with July, or Introdace the Runat In localities
where it is not now taken, will be liberally remunerated for
their time and attention.
Back numbers from April or January can atlll be
fornished, if desired. We will send Specimen Numbers,
Show Bills, £c,, to all applicants, and to the addresses of as
many non-subscribers as may be forwarded.
DOMESTIC NEWS.
Matters at Washington,
Tur Interior Department has received dispatches
from the Commissioner of the U.S, Texas Boun-
dary Survey. The trip was made up the Pecos
riyer until Captain Witples’ trail vas struck. Much
had been added materially to the geographical
knowledge of a region heretofore little known.
The Chevalier Massone, Charge d’Affuires of his
Sicilian Majesty, has presented his credentials in
that character to the Secretary of State, and M.
Edward Blondell delivered his credentials to the
President on the 10th inst., and was received os
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
of his Majesty the King of the Belgian Government,
Itis ascertained from an authentic source that
on the 17th of June, the U.S. Deputy Marshal of
Northern Florida, inforined the government of the
prevalence of reports that o vessel was expected on
the coast of Florida from tbe coast of Africa, with
8 cargo of slaves, and made some suggestions as to
the best mode of intercepting and arresting them,
the Marshal himself being absent in another part
of the State, The Secretary of the Interior on the
reception of this communication immediately tele-
graphed to the Deputy Marshal, informing him
that a revenue cutter had been ordered from
Charleston to cruise along the coast of Florida
under his directions. The Deputy accordingly
went on board the cutter on the 30th of June, and
reached New Smyrna Inlet on the Sd of July.
Two weeks thereafter he wrote he had boarded
Yarious schooners to which suspicion had attached,
and made careful inquiries for many miles along
the coast, but there was no information to verify
the reports of the landing of Africans. It further
appears that Marshal Blackman himself was far
behind the times, as he did not inform the Interior
Department of these rumors until his Deputy bad
investigated their truth with the aboye mentioned
result.
The National Teachers’ Association in session at
Washington, elected J. W. Bulkley, of Brooklyn,
N. Y., President for the ensuing year, and decided
to publish a monthly periodical in the furtherance
of the cause of education. In the afternoon the
delegates had a pleasant time in visiting President
Buchanan.
Personal and Political.
Tue officers of the American Scientific Associa-
tion for the ensuing year, are— President, Isaac
Lee, of Philadelphia; Vice-President, B. A, Gould,
Ir., of Cambridge; Secretary, Joseph Leconte, of
Columbia, S.C. ; Treasurer, A. L. Elwyn, of Phila-
delphia.
Tue New York Democratic State Committee met
at Albany on the 4th instant, and unanimously
adopted a resolution requesting the Democrats of
each Assembly District to appoint one delegate
from each district to a State Convention, to be held
at Syracuse on the 14th of September next, for the
nowination of State efficers and the choice of dele-
gates to the Charleston Convention, or to determine
the manner in which, and the time when, said dele-
Bates to the Charleston Convention shall be chosen;
A private dispatch from Houston, Texas, vis,
New Orleans the sth, says that Gen. Houston is
certainly elected Governor,
“Anprew Moone, (Dem.,) is re-elected Governor
of Alabama by 15,000 to 20,000 majority. Stall-
worth’s (Dem.) majority for Congress in the Mobile
District is over 8,000. Clopton’s, in the Mont-
gomery District, is 214. In the other five Con-
gressional Districts there seems to have been no
serious opposition to the Democratic candidates.
Tninty counties in Tennessee have been heard
from—more than balf the State vote. Netherland,
Opposition for Governor, guins 1,500, indicating a
Democratic majority of about 8,000. Opposition
elect their Congressmen in the Sth and 9th districts,
The State Senate is one certain, and probably three
Democratic majority. The House is three and
probably fire Democratic majority.
Tax Americin State Council of New York meets
at Geneva on Wednesday, the 24th of August.
Tne New York Republican State Convention to
Rominate State officers, meets at Syracuse on
ednesday, the 7th day of September,
me oe late clection in St, Louis, the vote taken
2 ‘{estion whether the liquor selling estab-
lisbments should be closed or as upon ihe Sab-
» Fesulted as follows: — For closing, 7,413.
Against closing, 5,202. Maj rity for closing, 2,121.
This is ® most emphatic voto, and indicates, more
significantly than-any yote recently taken the
general estimation in which the Sabbath ie held
by men of all creeds and of aj) nationalities,
‘Tne late Temperance Convention
closed its session on Wednesday, on Reta
delegates in attendance were numerous, and the
meeting was more enthusiastic than any similar
one for several years. >
veral resolutions were discussed and adopted,
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YOREER,
the most important of which were those embracing
the programme of futore action, under the head of
WORK TO BE DONE.
Whereas, In the opinion of tbis Society, the
great object contemplated by the Temperance Re-
form can never be fully realized til the treflic in
the drunkard’s drink is probibited by legislative
enactment, and the organic Jaw of the State 80
‘amepded as to make that prohibition stable and
efficient; therefore, 7
‘Resoloed, That the great work to which the ener-
jes of the friends of Temperance io this State
should now be directed, is the creation of sucha
public moral sentiment throughout its length and
breadth, as sball secure those important objects ;
that as means to their accomplishment, the pulpit,
the press, the temperance lecturer, and petitions
to the law-making power should be employed to
the greatest extent yppeaible, and with no abate-
ment of interest till the work is completed.
Resolved, That we memorialize the Legislature to
enact a Prohibitory law, and to place such a law as
far as possible above the capricious action of our
courts. ‘ F
Resolved, That we will use our best endeavors in
primary meetings, and at the ballot boxes, to
secure the election of friends of prohibition for
office,
Resolved, That we enrnestly recommend the for-
mation of a Temperance Society, in connection
with every Sabbath School; the object of which
shall be the ingathering, not only of all youth, but
also of all the adults, in the community where the
Society shall be established.
Reoloud, Tost we recommend to every Temper-
ance Society the holding of stated meetings, at
which a temperance sermon or sddress shall be de-
livered, and toe temperance pledge invariably
circulated,
A Caxtrorsta letter states that all the recently
pending differences ween Col. Fremont and
other owners in bis Mi sa estate have been ami-
cably adjusted. All suits growing out of them
haye been withdrawn, and the Colonel is about to
erect new sdditioual quartz mills upon the river.
Col. Fremont’s family and household are encamped
upon the top of Mount Bullion, 2,000 feet above
Bear Valley, and about 4,500 feet above tide-water,
where the air is comfortable in the hottest season.
News Paragraphs.
Tue British government pays to the various
steamship lines which ply between England and
the United States and Canada, an aggregate bounty
of $1,600,000, in the shape of mail contracts. This
seems to be the only way in which steamship navi-
gation can be maintained.
Tue new cent is not a legal tender for any speci-
fied amount, Neither was the copper cent of
former years a legal tender for any sum. They
are “lawful coins,” but they are not expressly
made a legal tender in payment of debts. The
Constitution of the United States prohibits the
States from making “anything but gold and silver
a legal tender in payment of debts.”
Tr is calculated that upwards of $500,000 worth
of cotton has been lost by fires at sea within the
past year, mostly occasioned by the use of oil in
the cotton presses at New Orleans or on shipboard.
Tne first American woman who ever went ashore
in Japan, was Mrs, Bailey, wife of Capt. Bailey, of
Philadelphia, master of the ship Mary Ellis. She
was surrounded and followed by a large crowd of
Japanese, but all their moyements were perfectly
respectful.
Tux grass has become so dry in some portions of
Indiana, that it catches fire from the sparks of the
locomotives. On the Terre Haute road they have
cut ditches near the track to check the flames, and
prevent their consuming the ties of the road. At
several places on the Bellefontaine road, the trains
have been forced to stop and extinguish the fires.
Accounts from Mogadore, Africa, state that the
inhabitants had risen in rebellion against the con-
stituted authorities, and established a Republic.—
Mogadore is a fortified city and principal seaport
of the Empire of Morocco, on the Atlantic. Tho
population is estimated at seventeen thousand, in-
cluding four thousand Jews.
A sewsrarer is about to be established in New
York by the ‘Spanish American Printing Com-
pany,” entitled HY Noticioso de Nueva York. Itis
“dedicated to the defence of the interests of the
Spanish-American Republics, and in which they
should find at the same time a sympathetic expo-
nent and adyocate of their opinions.”
A wackMAn of Chicago, sent to the penitentiary
recently for five years, has just been informed that
he is heir to $80,000, left him by a brother who
died in Galifornia,
A tor of land in St, Louis, nineteen feet ‘ront by
seventy feet in depth, was recently sold for $33,-
000, which is said to be the highest price ever paid
for land in that city.
‘Tax Corn Exchange of Boston have appointed a
Committee to prepare a scale of grades, and devise
& more uniform and reliable inspection of flour,
Tse Philadelphia North American publishes
Several conclusive testimonials as to the superiori-
ty, both in point of durability and cheapness, of
rails wade of Pennsylvaniairon, over the imported
British iron,
‘Tue English naval estimates for the current year
amounted to more than sixty millions of dollars,
£12,682,055,) and very nearly equal the sum total
of the expenses of the American government for
the year 1856-7.
Raruonn, of the N. Y. Times, writing to his
Paper from Italy, since the declaration of peace in
that country, attributes the successive defeats of
the Austrian army to the incompetency and vacil-
lating presumption of the Austrian Emperor.
TeLecnaraic Buvxpen,—Justice to a well known
and esteemed army officer requires the republica-
tion, in a corrected form, of the following dispatch;
“Sr. Louis, Aug. r
“Balt Lake advices are to the rate vies
named Brower had been arrested at Camp Floyd
for having in his possession $80,000 in counterfeit
Government checks on the Sub-Treasury at St.
Louis, most of which were ready for issue, except-
ing the signature of Col, Crossman, which is neces-
sary to such documents. The engraver had also
been arrested in Salt Lake City, and in his shop
were found all the implement8 and materials used
in preparing the checks, together with large bun-
dies of unfinished chee!
The omission of points in the dispatch caused
the statement in our paper that Col. Crossman was
the engraver of the fraudulent checks, whereas he
is one of the most efficient disbursement officers in
the service of the Government.
Sratistics oy Moruon Porvuation.—The Fal-
ley Tan contains the following statistics of Mor-
mon population:—The population of Mormons in
the United States and British Dominions in 1855
was not less than 68,700, of which 38,000 were resi-
dents in Utah, 5,000 in New York State, 4,000 in
California, 5,000 in Nova Scotia and the Canadas,
and 9,000 in South America. In Europe there
were 86,000, of which 32,000 were in Great Britain
and Ireland, 5,000 in Scandinavia, 2,000 in Ger-
many, Switzerland and France, and in the rest of
Enrope 1,000; in Australia and Polynesia 2,400;
in Africa 100; and on travel, 2,800.
To these, if we add the different branches, in-
cluding Strangeltes, Rigdonites and Whiteites, the
whole sect was not less than 126,000. In 1856
there appears to haye been a decrease in the popu-
lation of Utah—the number being only 84,022, of
which 9,000 were children, about 11,000 women,
‘and 11,000 men capable of bearing arms. There
are 2,385 men with eight or more wives; of these,
18 have more than nineteen wives; 730 men with
five wives; 1,100 with four wives, and 2,400 with
more than one wife, Recapitulation — 4,617 men,
with about 16,500 wires.
From Cattrorsra.— The North Star arrived at
New York on the 11th inst., with California dates
of the 20th ult,, and Aspinwall, August 3d. Noth-
ing important from California.
The excitement on the Isthmus about the Indian
mounds is dying ont.
The English steamer Parametta was still lying
on the reef near St. Thomas.. All her cargo had
been thrown overboard, and divers were at work
blowing up the coral rock on which she was lying.
Advices bad been received of the revolutionary
movements at Carthagena, of July 28d, when the
Liberal party pronounced against the authorities
and appointed ex-Goyernor Juan Jose Victor pro-
visional ruler.
California markets dull, with little prospect of
immediate improvement.
From Santa Fs,—The Sante Fe mail with dates
of the 25th inst., arrived at Independence 12th ult.
Another treaty had been concluded with the Naya-
joes. Large numbers of Indians had been seen on
the plains but they were all friendly. The troops
at Pawnee Fork were all well. The mail party met
a company of U.S. troops en route to New Mexico.
“Nornixa to Wear.”—In our money column,
remarks a recent issue of the.New York Hzpress,
will be found a statement of the business we have
been doing at this port in foreign dry goods for the
current month. The totals, compared with the
previous two seasons, stand thus:—1857, $66,716,-
288 ; 1858, $30,169,858; 1859, $71,782,985. These
figures show how soon Flory Mc Flimsey bas for-
gotten all about the panic ber extravagances helped
so much to bring on two years ago, and how ready
she is with her silks, satins and velvets, to “go it
blind,” and to “‘goitwitharush’ again. Seventy-
one millions worth of dry goods in seven months!
“Nothing to Wear,” indeed!
A Misstonary Cxass,—The late graduating class
from Andover Theological Seminary numbered
thirty-four; of these, elatén have offered them-
selves to the Missionary Board, and before the
close of the year all expect to be in foreign fields
of labor.
———_+e+.
FOREIGN NEWS.
Tue arrivals during the week have been more
than ordinarily numerous, and the news received
is of considerable importance. We condense a3
follows:
Gneat Britaty.—The English Ministry an-
nounced that they would not accept an invitation
to send a Plenipotentiary to a European Congress
until the result of the Zurich Conferenceis known.
Lords John Russell and Palmerston had made
important speeches in Parliament on European
affairs. They admitted that England had acted as
the medium for conveying terms to France and
Austria, but said that in doing so she did not in-
dorse them. The subject of the national defences
had also been debated, and the speeches on the
government side exhibited an intention to vigor-
ously prosecute the work. .
The London Herald has the following :—We have
reason to believe that Mr. Dallas has recently
placed in the hands of Lord Jobn Russell, a dis-
patch from Washington, in which it is stated that
the U. S. Government has resolved to abandon
privateering, and thus to accept the declaration
respecting this portion of Maritime law, agreed
upon in the Congress at Paris, in 1856,
The London Post says that Garibaldi bas sent a
circular to all the free States of Italy, in which he
declares his army to be ready at any moment to
csntinue the Italian war of independence,
The London Times of the 25th says that four
notices are offered in the House of Commons on
subjects connected with the naval and military de-
fences of the British Empire.
The same journal gives the preliminaries of the
peace of Villafranca as follows :—The two sover-
eigns will favor the creation of an Italian Confede-
ration, that Confederation shall be under the hon-
orary presidency of the Holy Father. Themperor
of Austria cedes to the Emperor of France his
rights in Lombardy, excepting the fortresses of
Mantua and Peschiera, which rights the Emperor
of France will hand over to the King of Sardinia.
Venotia forms a part of the Italian confederation,
but remains under the crown of Austria. The
Dukes of Tuscany and Modena are to return un-
der the condition of granting a genoral amnesty.
Both Emperors will ask the Pope to introduce in-
disponsable reforms, A fulland complote amnesty
is to be granted to all the people.
France,—The Minister of War has addressed an
order to all Colonels of regiments to send home all
soldiers whose absence had been recalled, and like-
wise all those who are entitled by their services to
leave of absence for six months, so that they may
be at the disposal of the farmers who may require
them for getting in the harvest. The accounts
from the agricultural districts are not unfavorable,
The harvest, altogether, will exceed that of a good
ordinary year, and there will be an overplus for
exportation,
The Emperor Napoleon had decided that the
French army and navy should be restored toa
peace footing with the least possible delay, He
was generally regarded os sincere, and his inten-
tions were considered pacific,
The Zurich Conference has not yet been held.
The Morning Post says that according to reports
in Paris, Countde Persigney has deferred for aday
or two his return to London from Florence, on his
mission from the French government.
The Ipvalide Russe says the Cabinets of Paris
and Vienva may make whatever treaties they please,
but in fixing the Jot of Italy they are bound to ask
the concurrence of the rest of Europe.
The French army of observation on the Rhine
had been disbanded.
The Norde denies that any French troops are to
occupy the Duchies. Those who are at Rome will
remain for the present where they are. No where
else will there be any intervention in Italy.
Austria.—The correspondent of the Independ-
ence Belge thus remarks of the project of reform
entertained by the Emperor of Austria :—All pro-
vincial councils of the Emperor are to be convoked
simultaneously, in order to answer ao series of
questions on the amelioration which they may
think necessary to the internal government of the
States, especially in the provincial organization.
The councils will have complete liberty in their
deliberations, and may make known openly and
sincerely to the Emperor the wants and wishes of
the population, Important financial and military
reforms are likewise projected.
The Austrian war department has directed that
the firstarmy shall be maintained for the present on
awarfooting. Its effective strength is estimated at
nearly 200,000 men, The other corps are on the
march to their former cantonments in Galicia and
Hungary.
Iraty,—The official Piedmontese Gazette pub-
lishes a circular of the Minister of the Interior to
the Governors and Intendants Generals, which
says the change of Cabinet does not produce any
Serious variation in the character of the policy of
Sardinia, The new ministry will continue to favor
as largely as possible, the development of the great
principles which are the basis of publicright. The
‘Minister goes on to ask forsupportin the tranquili-
zation of discouraged minds, in strengthening the
SO AN
AVE. 20. |
Che News Condenser.
state of defence.
—The mining nows of Oallfornia jy fod, and the
grain harvest abundant
— Two hundred French policemen Were atthe Turin
reception of thé Emperor,
— A farmer of Maryland has been very successful ip
threshing wheat by stdam.
— The cost of the Earl of Elgin’s speelal mission te
China amounted to £11,600,
— The subscribers to the Avairian loan have been
released from their obligations.
— There had been 280 deaths from yellow fever, at
Reynosa, Mexico, at Jat accounta,
— The war of races In Yoeatan in reportod to have
ceased, and final peace Is restored,
— The most Important tewns of the Roman States
have sent deputations to Garibaldi.
—A conspiracy bas been discoverd in the elty of
Mexico to place Marqueza in power.
— They are putting the lower provinces of British
Aterica in a good state of defence.
— California has exported $28,685,552 in gold during
the first six months of the present year,
—The hay crop in the State of Maine the present
year is estimated at ten million dollars,
— Five men were killed Jost week on the South Caro
lina rallroad by the explosion of a locomotive,
— Daring the past fortoight 26 oases of suicide have
been reported in various parts of the conntry,
— The Pacific Railroad is now finished to Syracuse,
108 miles from St. Louis, and 90 from Kaneas City,
— The fortifications of Dover, England, are about
to be enlarged at an estimated expense of £150,000,
— It is sald there are two thousand husbands and
wives in Indiana and Ilinols applying for divorces.
— Gold is a legal tender to avy amount; ailver to the
amount of five dollars. Copper is not a legal tender,
— Gold diggings have been discovered in Williams
ville, Ct, and sluices are now being put in operation.
— During the week ending July 24,15 deaths were
reported in the city of Memphis, Tenn., from sun-atroke,
— A cat thrown out of a car window at Fonda, N. Y.,
astonished her mistress by ranning thirty miles home
belief in the rights to liberty, and in preparing the
annexed Provinces for liberal institutions. The
cireular concludes by promising reform in the ex-
tension of commercial and provincial liberty.
Preparations were being made at Milan for a
grand illumination, to take place on the arrival of
the King of Sardinia, who was expected in a few
days to visit the new Lombardy capital.
Chevalier Farini, Governor of Modena, has by
order of the King of Sardinia, withdrawn from
Sardinia authority, and published a proclamation,
in which it remits the government to the municipal
members.
The populace assembled in crowds and pro-
claimed the authorities municipal by acclamation
the dictators of the country,
The Dictator of Modena has convoked the popu-
lar assemblies. All persons competent to read and
write, and whose age is not less than 21 years, will
be entitled to vote, Perfect order prevails.
Pievuont.—Garibaldi bas issued the following
order, dated Levere, July 29:
“ Howsoever political affairs may go in the pres-
ent circumstances, it is the duty of the Italians not
only not to lay down their arms and manifest dis-
couragement, but to swell the ranks and show to
Europe, that, guided by the heroic Victor Eman-
uel, they are ready again to confront the vicissi-
tudes of war, in whatever form they may present
themselves.”
Papat Srates—The Times correspondent from
Rome says that there is a great dissatisfaction felt
here, and I have no hesitation in saying that the
French soldiers alone keep down a general out-
break. The Jesuits have been driven out of Faenza,
Forli and Ferrara—in the last city only one hour
was given them to leave, and in the other two
twenty-four hours.
The Bologna Gazette published a declaration to
the effect that the Province of Romagna had shaken
off the Papal yoke, never to retain it again, and
that it is their wish to be annexed to Sardinia.
Coumenoan — Breadstug. — Liverpool breadstut
market was dull, Wheat and four bad undergone no
change since Wednesday. Evropean corn was offered
atasiight reduction, Inthe Liverpool provision mar-
ket, prices had a general downward tendency.
Clippings from Foreign Journals,
Couxr Cavour is to have a medal subscription,
got up by the National Guard of Turin, because he
would not subscribe to the villainous treaty of Villa-
franca.
Tue Financial Reformer states that the present
British Parliament is composed of 225 representa-
tives of the aristocratic interest, 208 representatives
of the military and naval interests, 119 representa-
tives of the legal interest, 27 representatives of the
money interest, 60 representatives of the mercantile
and manufacturing interests, and 48 representa-
tives of miscellaneous interests.
Tus Paris correspondent of the Manchester
Guardian tells the following anecdote:—“ When,
after the peace, M. de Cavour found himself for the
first time face to face with the Emperor and King,
he found it impossible to remain within the bounds
of etiquette, and his indignation burst violently
forth; so violently that at length Louis Napoleon,
under control as he is, lost temper in turn, and
threatened! The word ‘arrest’ escaped his lips;
at which the betrayed Piedmontese minister turned
round, saying, ‘Arrest me! Try it! But you
would not dare; for then you would have no choice
left you but to go back to Franee through the
Tyrol!”
Zunicu, where the Europen Conference is tobe
held, is a Swiss town, about the size of Pough-
keopsie. It is the capital of the Swiss Canton of
the same name, a sturdy little Republic, of a quar-
ter of a million of people, who talk German and
belong to the Protestant Church. It is near the
northern frontier of Switzerland, and is easily ac-
cessible by Railroad, both from France and Austria,
Near Zurich, just sixty years ago this month,
(August 26, 1799,) the French defeated the Aus-
trians and Russians in a pitched battle. It is
questionable whether the latter will now achieve
as much by diplomacy, asthe former did then in the
field.
again.
— Baron Hess bas been made Field Marshal, and
will command the largest foree apy Austrian general
ever did.
— Four of the gang who planned the burning of Osh-
kosh, Wis, are arrested. Ono confeases to several
murders,
—The first public hydrant in Philadelphia was
erected Saturday week, under a recent ordinance of the
Councils, .
—The Papal Government ts attempting to explain
away the massacre at Peragia, making it out a very
mild affair,
—Two convicts attempting to escape from the Ohio
Btate Prieon wero terribly mutilated recently. One will
not recover.
— The Tehuantepec Company have sent to our Min-
later at Vera Oruz to protect them against governmental
eppressions.
— The Chinese have a temple in San Francisco which
‘cost $20,000, and have imported an idol from Chitna at
8 cost of 20,000.
— Mrs. Brackman, of Huntington, who recently gave
birth to four children, has now given birth to three more
all doing well.
— Two hundred thousand cords of wood, piled slong-
side the Little Miami (Ohio) Railroad, was destroyed by
fire » few days since.
— Two trains arrived at Kansas City, last week, from
New Mexico, one of them bringing 89,000 and the other
59,000 pounds of wool.
—A hail-storm in Conway, Mass, on the 29th wit,
cnused several flelds of tobacco to be made into fine cus
too enrly to be profitable,
— The Sea Island cotton crop of Texas will be two or
three times as large as tbat of Inst year. The crop now
promises remarkably well.
— The Iowa State reporter estimates the population
of Towa at not less tban 800,000, and thinks the next
census will show one million.
—Six hundred Africans have been landed near
Tampa, Fla. ssys the U.S. Marshal, Blackburn, The
vessel was immediately burnt,
— A tin mine bas been discovered near Los Angeles,
Cal. the ore of which bas been assayed and found to
contain 82 per cent. of metal.
— The Provincial Councils of the Austrian Empire
nre soon to meet to advise with the Emperor upon the
amelloration of thelr condition,
— There fs a Burmese native at the Madison Univer-
sity to be educated. He came over with Rey, Thomas
Allen, 4 Missionary in Burmah,
— It is sald that tho late Horace Mann suggested Rev,
Dr. Bellows, of New York, as his successor in the Presi~
dency of Antioch College, Ohio,
—Jobn N. Pattison, a young man whose parents
reside In Niagara Co,, {s making considerable sensation
in Berlin, Prussia, as a musician,
— Fruit dealers of Boston are being prosecuted for
selling berries by wine instead of dry measure; the
penalty sa flac not exceeding $10.
— Mr. Wm. Wooster, of Columbia, Me,, killed a bear
ina logging road, on the 6th inst, A bullet between the
eyes fixed the flint of his bearship.
— be Hon Jefferson Davis ts lying very ill at CLs
ton, a poiston the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Tis
condition is said to be danzerots,
—The Great Eastern will be ready for sea in four
weeks, When completed her cost will be about four
and three-quarters siillion dollars,
— The yellowfeyer bas been declared epidemic at
Tampico, and generally along the coast of Mexico,
Much alarm exists in consequence,
— A Baptist Church in Indianapolis is about to extend
calf to the Rey, Anthony Burns, the hero of the celo-
brated fugitive slayo case in Boston.
—The contract for the building of the Museum of
comparatlye zoology at Cambridge has been made for
141,800, and the work {s commenced: cst ss
— Mr, Wise made an ascension at Bt. Louls on the
6th Inst, Intending to come Essh but be only made 80
miles, belng beaten down by the raln.
— Com, Stewart has just entered on his $2 year, He
sara ago, and 18 almost as old as an
was in the navy 62 years 48%
officer as the navy to which he belongs. a
— Tho Jast woek in June and the Orat three weeks ©
July wero very warm In France, The thermometer i
Paris was over 90 for 12 days In succession.
— A visitor to St. Petoraburg was gratified to see one
signin the English language. It wasas follows :—"* So
Joon for scbaving, Cut, and frizing the Hairs.”
— Great Britain ts putting the Island of Jamaicaina
CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER.
AGRICULTURAL,
Roral Letters from Borope—No, IIT
Seed-Time and Harvest.....
‘Things to be Avoided...
Hickok's Keystone Cider Mill, (Iilustrated)..
A Peep Into Modern Philosophy—No. i.
Cleansing Wool—Foot Ail In Sheep.
Plowing. —A Scotch Mode.
Worn Out Lands of Virginia —Inqulry.
4 ener! Boz: pa eae eee for Liquid Manure;
Catile with the Heaves; Bloody Murraln; Where to
aon saiiey ijithe Prese—Signe ot © Good Ox
Certain Cure for Botts lo Horses; Rolilng Cora Ground;
Time of Harvesting Wheat.
Agricultural Miacedlany.
Bale; Oswego County Agricultural Society; New Varie-
es of Waeats National, State and Local Palrs for 1859. 270
HORTIOULTURAL,
A Pleagure Trip...
Downing's Ever-Dearine Mulberry
Wire Pegs for Pot Planta, (Iilustrated)
‘The New Grapes...
Check!ng Growth of Trees,
Medal to Mr. Fortune.
Lawton Blackberry Crop, &c..
Geranioms Struck from Roots, (Ilostrated)
Budding Vines
Irving Park .,....
DOMESTIC ECONOMY.
Bean Soup: Minnesota Bean Fritters; Crackers: Plain
Guke: ard Glogerhroat: Cookies: Gloger, Snaps:
Tnqolry; Keeplow Cider Presh und Sweet A Qure for
Rheumatiam; Cheap Vinegar; A Good, Healthy Des-
sert Padding; Butter Crackers, Jumbles
LADIES’ OLIO.
To My Mother, (Poetical ;J Death of a ChlId,
va in Talks Wo Americaa Wowen— No, XVI
O1CEssaenen
roetical:)
A Sweet
-* -- 72
CHOICE MISCELLANY.
Bammer's Departure, (Poetical :) Tow to
Violence and Truth; Solitad ‘Whi
Troubles; Goodness -
SABBATH MUSINGS,
Thy Will be Done, [Poetical:) Our Garden: Anticipa-
og Evils; Peace; How to Direct Your Letters ..
EDUCATIONAL,
Management of School:
Meet Life;
wins Past
USEFUL OLI0,
Making a Needle; About Insects; The Rellgi
hina, ae
YOUNG RORALIST.
High Not/ons, Again; The Dogs............
STORY TELLER
In the Woods, [Poetical:) A Confession, or Lights and
Bhadows of Married Life, eal aoe
LIST OF NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
The Ploneer Gift Rook Store—D. W. Evans & Co,
Koltslag Work—Brown, Tazgard & Chase,
The Progressive Arithmerics—D, W. Fish, Agent
Olcow’s Sorebo and Imphee—A. 0, Moore
Sombrero Guano—Wood & Grant, Wm. A. Martin & Co.
Elastio and Combination Stich Sewing Machlne—H. Bal-
lou Carter & Co,
‘Troe Velaware Grape Vines—Geo, W. Campbell.
Ontario Femule Seminary—B. Richards,
Native Grapea—a, W, Potter & Co,
Daywn Wheat for Sced—Lewis Braden.
SPECIAL NOTICES,
‘Thirty Dollars Per Month—S. F. French & Oo,
Special Notices.
Tarety Dovtans Per Monta.—Wantod, good Book
Canvassers at $30 pgtwnonth, and expenses paid.
Address 8, F. PRENOH & CO,
BO2-4t
121 Nassau street, New York.
Markets, Commerce,
RowaL New-Yorken cae}
Rochester, Aug. 15, 1859,
FLour—Best grades show a decline equal to 50 cents ®
barrel during the week. In inferior, prices are sustained.
Gnaty—Genesee sells at a range of from @1,00 to #1,85—
the latter for very choice eamptes, Mediterranean we no-
tice ls quite freely in marketat about 91,06 # bushel, Cana-
dian we leave unaltered—there is none in market, No
change to note In other varleties of grain,
Woot—We do not alter our quotations for wool, although
the market {s very firm this A. M., and a litue better price
might be obtained.
Ax is selling at $10,00@#16,00, with on upward tendency.
Rochester Wholesale Prices,
Foun AnD Gram.
Flour, wint wheat. #5,00@6.00
Flour, spring do. .64,50@5,00
Floor, buck #beat, ¥ owt, #0,00
Wheat, Genes: 39
Best white Oan'a, .#1,2541,35
AG Ne
Potatoes, new...... ac
HIDES AND SKINS.
Slaughter « 6
Calf.
Pork, meas .
Pork, clear,
Pork, cwt
Beef, ¥ owt
Spring lamba,eachi
Mi “Css,
—Froua—Market very heavy and 5@
4.25 for superfine State; #150
00@4,25 for super Western; $4.30
65 for common to good extra do; @465@4,70 [or old:
brands extra round
steady at 8@!
BUFFALO, Aue. 15 —Froon—tn 5
aster, Sales at #,75@8L10 for stater gy mand, and market
4 91.75@ 05,00 for extra
Michigan, jae atten and #95@5,60 for double
inatw—Wheat dull, heavy and low:
1 8 for wbite, 4 sqbules. at 10Ne for
Tina oe oes 8? Hubler Stew a trae Sock
OSWEGO, Ang, 15,.—FLoca—t
ar 8h from Mifeatkee ‘dub wheat: 4500 trom net feales
“Shan 2or all kinds quiet,
rapes, eaten
I les Mediterranean at
Te, Bales lots Western mixed 7
wie at 18. OnlaSules Canada at W0c weigees Found
TORONTO, At —Fiour—The flour market Is em.
phatically fl Th ‘no disposition at all to
hand, protably tn ie, flighuy beter rates, there in net
the market, Ni
The Cattle Markets,
NEW TORK, Aug. 10.—The current prices for the week
ire Onn ree silty, @ ews #9,75@10,25: ordina-
ATTLR H ewt, #9,75@1025:
7 las I 589,50; common do w1g0@439: inferior do,
70087,
Cows avo Catves—First quality, @60/ 0; ordinary
49, ¥ii@s0; podiion do, 45.008 90,00; inferior dd, #2\00
@%.0,
+ WBat Oscves—Pirst quality. ¥ ®, 6@64o; ordinary do,
$@5%e; common do, sen faernt dO IB He naan
ver iD LL, — (a A ea =
arolnars “10, e046; common do, ¥3,90¢4.00; Inferior
lo, #3, y
Bwine—Pirst quailty, 5X@6e: other qualities, 54@5%e.
fir
5c.
miLon Cows—Range from 830 to #10.—Argus,
OAMBRIDQE, Aug. 10 —At market 955 cattle, about 800
beeves, and 15 slorea, consisting of worklag oxen, cows,
kod one. two and thres years old.
Phicea—Market beef— Extra. 97,00@7,50; first quallty,
#6.2;@KI0; second do, #5,75@0U0; third do, 61.75@0,00;
ry do.
. #3.50.
Wonxixo Oxex—975, 110@175 # palr,
ows ano Catves—$25, 37, 5@
Stones — Yearlingn, #.00@11.0); two years okl, @16,008
97,0); three years old, na",
ERP AND Lawns—2070 at market. Pricea—tin lots, #1,00
@1,0. Extra aod Selections, $2.50@3,00,
Hines—74@%e Rm. Pelle, BOGE each.
Gaur seins—12@13¢ # BD. Tallow, 76740 HD,
VEAL OaLVes—M.001@8.00.
BRIGHTON. Aug. 11 —At market, 1200 beeves, 175 stores,
2,000 sheep and lacbs, and 590 awine,
Berry OaTrLe—Extra, #8,'@00,00; first quality, 9,00@
9, $5,5060,00,
00.00, second quality, $7.00; third qualit;
Working Oxkx—#100@ 128,
Mice Cows—$15@ 17; common, #18@19,
VEAL Carvies—¥4,00, 6,00@7,00,
Srones—Yearlings, @9@11; two years old, #16@24; three
years old, #28@34,
Hors—74@0c #. Calf aking 12@13¢ Fm
TsLLow—Sales at 7@7Xc # D.
Simur avp LaAMEs—#1,50@1,75 ; extra, $2,60€3,00.
PeuTs—H0@81,750 each.
Swive—Spring pigs, 750; retall, 8X0,
The Wool Markets,
Woot Gnowers' Fark at Orxystaxn.—The Falr of the
Wool Growers, held at Cleveland last week, bas the reputa-
tlon of being one of the greatest exhibitions of the kind
ever beld in the West, and calculated to be of immense
importance to the sheep-ralslng interests, The number of
lots on exbibition was about 140, and the number of pounds
680,000, Ohlo, of course, stood first in rank, exhibiting
15,079 fleeces, the remainder being as follows:—Kentucky,
800; Michigan, 600; Indiana, 860; New York, 675; Pennsyl-
vania, $50; Iowa, 430; Illinois, 600; Missouri, 465, Besides
these, there were ehipments from other States, including
Arkansas, which did not arrive in season for the Fair,
‘The wool was sold in lotsa to manufacturers, the range
belng from 27 cents, for unwashed, to 63 cents for fancy clip,
Ono lot of 250 pounds Lamb's fleece, from Premium Sheep,
brought 70 cents ¥ pound.
NEW YORK, Aug 11.—The inquiry for most descriptions
Js limited, but orices generaliy are firmly malntained, par-
for native feece and pulled wools. Of tue former,
000 Ms. have been made at 440 for common
4nd half blood; 47@50c for half to three quarter;
£3@6se for full blood, and 58@62'o for fancy clips: and
the latter sules of 60,000 Rs, have been made at J0@A0c
No.1 city and extra country Saxony, Sales of 35.000 ma,
made at 29@97o for fair; 16c for medium low, and 1N@12%c
for loferior; also, 200 bales of Texas at full prices, Forelen
is in good supply, and holders generally are firm Jn tbeir
views respecting prices. Sales of 40 bales Cape at40c; 100
do washed, and 100 do unwashed Smyrna on terms we did
notlearn, We quote:
to quarter
atifornia, common do
eruvian, washed, .
Am: Ent 1m washed
8, American, unwashed. .
8 Am. Ooi
African, washed,
Smyrna, unwashed.
Smyroa, washed.
Mexican, unwashed .
BOSTON, Aug. 11.—Prices of fleece and pulled wool have
been very firm during the week. The receipts of domestic
continue large, but mostly on manufacturers’ account. The
sales of the week have been 100,000 ma. at 40@55c for fleece,
and Sh@xio for pulled, as to quality. “A lot of 250,000 Ts.
Gane sold on private terms; 80 bales Mediterranean and
Routh american, and 106,000 ts, African, Chillan and other
Kinds at varlous prices, as to quality.
Sax and Mer,, fine @bu ) Western mixed
Full blood 2@54
Half and ¥
Common
Pulled, extra,
Do, superfine ..-.. a
Do. No.1. oe Buenos Ayres
Do. No. - | Peruvian, washed.
CHIOAGO, Aug. 11.—The market is firm, and there is
a good competition for good lots. The following are the
rates:
Fierce—Common native, 31@3%0; quarter blood, S@3to;
balf blood, 38@4040; three quarter blood, 40@i2c; full
Dloed, Wu@ibo; fall biped Saxony, H@45, oy
OLLED—No, 1, < superfine, YU@I5; extr 405
double extra, 40942.—Demoorat. pine
TORONTO, Avg, 13,—Wool is not In Jarge supp!
are steady at Is4d to Is 44d @ 3, Sheep asking
cach Beef hides $6,608 100s Calf skins 6d @ Bb,
Deaths.
Ix Middleville, Herkimer Oo, N. ¥,, A Mr, ED-
MUND STEVENS, aged elghty-ihree yearn, =
In this clty, on the 11th inst., HELLEN MARIA, infont
daughter of Norway & Bannes, M. D., aged 10 weeks,
Advertisements.
‘Terms of Advertising. Twenty-Five Cents a Line, each
insertion. SreciaL Novices —following reading matter, and
leaded — Fifty Cents a Line, each insertion, i§ ADVANCE.—
2" The circulation of the Ronat New-Yorker far exceeds
that of any similar journal in America or Europe, rendering
iy altogether the best Advertising Medium of {te class.
A3@AD
40@ 43
HGH
Prices
1s 3d
AYTON WHEAT FOR SEED !—Th
Will fornish this early variety of When, forcacen at
‘12s, per bushel. LEWL FR.
Junius, Seneca county, N. ¥. Sees
ATIVE GRAPES.—Concord, Elsineb) L
N and Early Northern Muscadine. at tela nach Bontare
tivated In pots—and 96 other varieties. cheap for cash.
Ww Pomme 00.
A.W.
Grape Lawn Nurseries, Knowlesville, Orleans
NARI
O CUA
Hon commencs
gv
STONMISHING IMPROVEMENT !—'
Comminaiion Sultch Sewing Mnctines, using ons, Ane
or Direa Threads, at the option of the operator, We will
pay 950 per month, and traveling expenses, to a few respon-
sible and efficient Agea is. to solicit orders for these ma-
ee eT TRRLEOU DBRTER & C
F A & CO...
weit 333 Washington street, Boston, Mass.
SOMBRERO GUANO—SO PER CENT. BONE
PHOSPHATE OF LIME,
Winter Rte EAL OR eTHER Toe corgi a can aoe
Bend oF cer
Torpthos ho have used it. Sold st 80 per tun, 2000 Da
WOOD & GRANT, New York.
‘WM. A. MARTIN & ©O,, New York.
5028t
Seear AND )OLASSES FROM THE
The best dl SORGHS. AND IMPHEE,
irections to
te tee oe ir maken ents all who grow or
Oleow’s Sorgho and Imphee,
Anew edition of which is just pnblhhed, with a supplement,
Wing new and yaloatie atlldce aba experiment bye
PRICK, ONE DOLLA
Sent prepaid by mail on receipt oe price.
seePired Ctbalonue of one Eundred A Ficnitoral Books
Asricultural Book Publish
140 Fulton sireck, New York,
RUE DELAWARE GRAPE VINES, Prop,
1h) gated from the original stock. price $2 to 8%, Ror:
gan, Rebeooa, Diana, Coocord, Hartford Prolific, and other.
forariivery the Pull, OBO. W. CAMPuRE,
for delivery in ‘all. . We Ll
‘August 189. (502-180) jelaware, Ohio.
HE PROGRESSIVE ARITHMETICS,
BY HORATIO N. ROBINSON, LL p.
Tarsr Rooks are just published, and constitnte a part o
Rozinsox's entire nurse of Mathematica They contare
many sew endpractiog! faalires NOL coinmon t other
books of the Kind. Jiprovement apon, If not waperiority
over other almiiar works. {s claimed for them in the follow.
lug particulars vin—Jn the mochantoutandt typograph-
teal style of te work; te open and ath-astine page:
tia progressive and arientifia arrangement of che aub-
Sect, irness aru conciseness of doknition: ness
‘ant accuraoy in tia new ant improvet methods of
operations ari analyses; brevity and pe-wptouity of
rules: andin the vary large number of examples pre
parel and arranget wits spectal reference to the
mentil capacity of te puptt, thelr practical utility,
Gnd their adaptation to the reat business of aetroo ti,
Roninsoy's NEW Eurmextary ALGEDRA will be published
September 20ub. ‘The Usivensit¥ AUGkunA Is one of the
most popular books of the kind ia use,
Single coples of the nbove books will be sent pre-pald to
teacher for examination, with reference to Introduction,
on the receipt of the following prices in stamps or money, via:
Tue PRoonEssive PROCARY ABITHMETIO...,
‘THs PROGRESSIVE INTELLECTUAL ARITHMETIC.
THe PROGKESSIVE PRACTICAL ARITHMETIG,
Roninson's New ELementany ALGEBRA,
The most tideral terms will be elven for first introduc
tion. Books may he obtained for examination, or introdac-
tion, or any information pertaialng to the same, by adaress-
ing the Publishers or thelr Geoeral Avent for Introdaction.
IVISON & PALINNEY, Publishers,
43 and 50 Walker atreet, New York.
D, W. Fisu, Agent, Rochester, N.Y. 602-46
VERY BODY READS rv.
IT IS IMMENSELY POPULAR.
MRS. PARTINGTON’S
NEW BOOK,
EBNITTING Worse,
Is now ready and for sale everywhere, The advance
orders, amounting to over
10,000 COPIES,
and the great rush for the book, fully prove the immense
popularity of Mrs, Partington, whose name is
A HOUSEHOLD WORD.
Says
HENRY WARD BEECHER,
“Sam Slick baa run his race. Mra. Parlington now is the
American humorist; original, gealal, Inuehable, and not
Unlostructive. We wish it to be anderatood thar "Ise" 1s
included in. these remarka, No one should buy the book
who thinks i¢ sinful to laugh.”
OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES
has said that "Hamor must have feeling in It, wit needs
none, Voltaire was a wit; but Mrs. Partington’s conver-
sation with the omnibus drivsr has more feeling and
humor Uuan ever ha uttered.”
BRNITTING WoRaB,
By Mra PArrivaron,
is not wholly a humorous book, but a happy combination
of philosophy and mirth, in which the most heautiful
thoughts and sentiments are scattered among Partingtonlan
rhymes and conceit,
tis elegantly illustrated by
AUGUSTUS HOPPIN,
whose own appreciation of humor has been well applied to
Mrs. Partinoron aod (ke.
The present indications are, that the sale of the book will
even surpass that of the old lady's previous yolume, of
which over
30,000 COPIES
were sold in a few months after Its issue,
In 1 Vou, 120, Paroe $1,25,
BROWN, TAGGARD & CHASE,
602-2¢ PUBLISHERS, BOSTON.
[Mmaxoory ACADEMY. —Ita next year will
commence on MONDAY, AUGUST 22d.
‘OLS M. WEED, Principal.
300, AGENTS WANTED, TO EN IN AN
honorable busines, which pays from #3 to $0 per day.
For particulars, address M. M, SaNBORN,
01-26 Brasher Falls, N. Y.
vi MAL h
[PEEPS UNIQN EIL SENAY,
STs next School Year of , commences on
the frat Thursday of September next” Har Terms, wee
Catalogue at this Oflice, or apply to
. L. ACHILLES, Proprietor,
Albion, N. ¥., Aug. 8, 1859. Olt
SE LIME AS A FERTILIZER! — There Js a
Prospect that farmers can again grow wheat success-
fully in Western New York, by properly cultivating and
enriching the soll, Lime is among the best and cheapest
fertillzera, and should be used extensively in renovating
land for wheat and other crops. The subscribers, located
at the Rapids, Rochester, will furnish Lime for manuring
purposes at only 12% cts. per bushel, a lower rate than ever
Before offered! ‘Try it, Farmers.
_ THOMPSON & MARTIN,
Rochester, N. ¥., August, 1859. GOAL
AME FOWLS! GAME FOWLS!!
OF THE DEST AND PUREST STRAINS, SOCK AS
Clippers, Balumore Top Knots," Tartars,
Derbys, Prince Charles, Rattlers,
Seftons, Mexican or Strychoine, Sergeants,
Stanle; Counterfelta, Irish,
Anda number of excellent Oroases, All fowls warranted
pure game. Also Cooper's Work on Game Fowls seat to
any address for $1. For particulars, address
SO1-18t J, WILKINS OOOPER, Media, Delaware Co., Pa
CHOICE STRAWBERRY PLANTS.
A splendid collection of Strawberry Plants, embracing
over 50 of the floest varieties in cultivation, including
many of recent introduction,
‘The following will be supplied at the annexed prices, and
packed 50 that they will reach distant destinations in
perfect safety. .
Boston Pine, Burr'a New Pine, Black Prince, Climax,
rimson Cone, Cusbing, Genesee, Hovey's Seedling. Large
Early Scarlet, Lougworth’s Prolific, McAvoy’s Superior,
Scott's Seedling, per 100, #1,50: per 1,000, #10,
Hooker's Seedling, Jenny Lind, Triomphe de Gand, Trol-
lope’s Victoria, Wilson's Seedling, ner 100, 82; per 1,000, $15.
New and Scarce Sorts—British Queen, Duc de Brabant,
Fillbasket, Honneur de Belgique, La Reloe, Peabedy, Prince
of Wales, Wellington, per dozen, 60 cents; per 100, #3,
Beparate Catalogues of Fruita, of Ornamental Trees,
Plants, &c., of Green-house Plants, &c., of Bulbous Flower
Roots, ‘and list containing prices of the above in. quantities,
sent on application. A. FROST & 00.,
roprietors of the Genesee Valley Nurseries,
601-2 o4
NEW.
Rochester, N,
10 HOUSEKEEPERS,. — SOMETHING
B. T. BABBITI’S
1 BEST MEDICINAL SALERATUS, !
Is manufactured from common salt and Is pre- OS
pared entirely different from other Saleratus. |
All the deleterious matter extracted in such a|
manner as to produce Bread, Biscuit, and all) AND
Ikinds of Cake, without containing a particle of
Saleratus when the Bread or Cake is baked;
ereby producing wholesome results, Every
particle of Saleratus is turned to gas and passes
‘through the Bread or Biscalt while Baking; con-
equently nothing remains Dut, common’ Balt)
‘ater and Flour, You will readily perceive by)
the taste of this Saleratus that it isentirely differ-
ent from other Saleratus.
Ttis packed In one pound panera each wrapper
branded, “B, @, Babbitt’s Best Medicinal Salera-
‘tus;"’ also, picture, twisted loaf of bread, with a
glasa of effervescing water on the top. When
you purchase one paper you should preserve the
Wy it iad aod be part pers mee the next exact-
fe the first—brand as above. 4
Pull directions for making Bread with this Sal-
eratoa and Sour Milk or Cream Harta, will ac.
company each package; also, ions for mak-|
ing nll kinds of Pastry; also, for making Soda
Water and Seldlitz Powders.
°
MAKE YOUR OWN SOAP,
wit
B. T. Babbitt’s Pure Concen-
trated Potash.
Warranted double the strength of ordinary Pot.
lash. Put up In cans—1B,, 228.3 M8, 6 ibs and.
12 Re.—with full directions for Making Hard and
Soft Soap, Consumers will find this the cheapest
Potash in market. ste hy
Manufactured and for ao ADRITT,
shit n st,. New York,
Nos, 68 and 70 Washins'rrndla sk, Boston,
RAPE Viwes,—For sale, at, the Schuyler County
G Central Wives, Wal ig Me ie 180,000 Inaba
rs I, 20,4 10.5 9! 1 re
Tuy 22, tas, YOM Scgt ML. D. FREER & CO,
RUIT AND ORNAMENTAL
F TRESS, EE ee
tors of the Genesee Valley Nur-
schlen Hecht Ne Pe wabhieh the following Catalorues
fo represent thelr stock, which occuples Three Hundred
A
Cres.
All partli deslre to purchase Frajt, Ornamental
Treee or Plante, Wal consult thelr Interest by examining
the following Catalogues, which are farnishe> on application,
rome attention Ie given all commontoations,
10, 1, Descriptive Catalos
No. Descriptive Catalogue of Ornamental Trees, Shrubs,
Ronee He. criptive Catalogue of Dallas, Verbenas, Green-
No. 4. Wholeasle Catalogue or Trade List,
house Plants, &€.
No. 5, Descriptive Catalogue of Flowering Bulbs, $00-15
D. ww. BVANS & co.
THE PIONEER GIFT BOOK STORE,
No. 677 Broadway, WN. ¥.
THE OLDEST RSTABLISHRD GIFT BOOK NOUSR
A GIFT WITH BEVERY Book
Worth from GO0c. to $100.00.
A List of the Reciptents of Gold and Silver
Watches Awarded for the week ending
July 23d, 1859.
Mrs A Jones, Fast Berne. NY John Wade. Byronville, Geo
N Fares Ratavia, Obfo = Mre Lyon, Charloue Mich
JG -GI'lman, Fiewellsas Cross M W Mock. Mogog, Vermont
Ronda, Miss GV Brookman, Hillsboro, LL
Mrs {8 Palmer, Bellefon- — Mills, Inglewood, N J
taine, Oho AJ Hume, Burrettsvlile, Ind
Onpt Crandall, Westerly. RI Jolin A Weaver, Redgersyilie,
Joseph Boreess, Salem, Mass Alabama
P Pardee, Bristol, Coun JT West, Glenn Springs, § 0
James Wans, New Salem, NY 8 W Pally, Fork Monroe, Va
AB Briscor, Marshal, lil Jobn Parker, Belleville, Ohio
W Fay, Columbia, Teno _ Edmund Powel, Rogersville,
Joho Grey, Greyaville, Ky ‘eon
SN Bolton, Hebron. Conn Frederik Gardner, Rerne,N Y
Geo Spurr.’Shefeld, Mass L © Smith, Oolumbia, Conn
P Sweet Pontiac, Michigan Dr Chavinan, Elinwood, lll
TS Danbar, Barnwell, SO Hon E P Johnson, Haverhill,
MP Chase, Rouses Polnt, NY New Hampshire
GT Gibboos, Key West, Flor HB Reed, Augusta, Maine
JT Hendersoo, Georgetown, D Alexander, Frankl'n, Ind
Dist Columbia ‘homas Brown, McFarland
WT Hyde, Woodville, Texas Depot Wisconsin
James weckett, White Cloud, H Whittingham, Prankfort,Ky
Kansas Capt JH Willians, Parkers-
Wi Bailey, Chester, Conn burk, Virginia
JG Watson, Narraginset, RI Lewis
W Beaver, Marietta. Ala
ado,
er, Florence, Ala
OF Cook, Grifin, Georria
A Halvorson, MeFarland De-
Sarah Coffin, Meridesia,
jinois
pI
Cranford, Hi
ville, Texas
lark, Loudon, Tenn
8 Douthot, Pattonsbarg, Va 0 B Williams, Jefferson, Ga
JSbill, Palatine Bridge,N Y Mrs Julia Pratt, Center, Ga
& Buchanan, Greenwood, Wade A Parker, Monroeville,
0 qaapama
eo Vansickle, New Marke
Plunsburg East HerneNY “New Jemeyn voy eee
MJacksoa, McComb, Ohio FrancisJ Hamilton, bafayette,
H Uyde, Lancuster, Wis Wiscons'n
T Bailey, Athens, Geo GW Caines, Prescott, Wis
H Fishlloe, Mt Vernon, Oho Wm Sensabaugh, Rogersville,
Chas P Bell, Leadvale, Tenn Tennessee
Miss A Reed, Miamisburg. 0 E Munsoo, Cheshire, Oonn
A Harizell, Miamisburg, O J'Yoh, Oarlisle, Penosylvania.
Joun Wise, Lagrange, Geo Joseph Beach, Derby, Conn
Homer Brunson, Metomen, Charles Danforth, Lancaster,
Wisconsin Wisconsin
BA Hunt, Columbla, Conn Wm McComment, New Gull-
MrsSaith, Lansingburgh,N¥ ford, Ohio
‘The public are respectfully referred to any of the above
pamed pernone who have received Gold and Silver Watches
‘the week ending July 23d.
D. W. EVANS & CO.,, would call attention to their
unrivalled inducements to book-bayers, and the facilities
and attractions which a long experience, unlimited capital
aod untiring energy have enabled them to attain over all
competitors, ‘he constant introduction of
New Features,
And Unequalled Attractions,
With the Variety and Value of the Gifts and Books
offered to purchasera, warrant us in claiming the attention
of the public to the many points in which we take the lead
of all similar establishments,
BOOKS,
By constant ndultions to our stock we have collected the
largest and most vared selection of Books ever olfered by
any publishing house tn the country, all of which are freal
from the publishers’ hands, and ure warranted perfect in
every form.
‘A CATALOGUE, which for perfection of arrangement,
careful selection, and classification of Ancient and Modern
Literature, has never been equalled, and bas been copied
and imitated by compilers of Catalogues throughout the
country, ianow remodeled and improved, and will be mailed
free to any address on application.
Send for a Catalogue.
It will be mailed free to any address, and will prove an
invaluable nssistant to the formation of a library, or the
selection of useful and entertaining reading,
GIiIFTs:
‘The limitless varieties of Gifts distributed, and thelr really
intrinsic value will commend them to all lovers of good
taste. By buying in large qvantities, and for cash, we are
enabled to apportion a greater value to our patrons than
others, as one trial will convince those who wish to test the
strength of our inducements,
DISPATCH.
‘Those who regard a prompt reply to thelr orders, will be
sure and send us their patronage, as fhe ceutral location of
New York City, with its many diverging means of transvor-
tation, give us unrivalled advantages in forwarding to the
most distant points, The business arrangements of our
Establishment have been a0 thoroughly perfected, that or-
ders received by the evening mail, the next morning are on
their way to thelr destination, and no ordera are delayed
over twenty-four hours from the tme of thelr reception.
SAFETY.
We take the risk of all loss through the mall, if the direc-
tlons are followed as in Catslogue, which is'not done by
other Gift Book Houses, Money sentin the ferm of drafts
payable to our order, or letters inclosing fands, if registered
According to law, are insured a safe return,
ACENTS.
‘This is the only firm employing authorized agents, thos
offering & guarantee of fair dealing, and a proper attention
to the Jnterests of our patrona. Since the commencement
of the year we have been rapidly appointing local agents,
siving eusy and lucrative employment to thousands of
people,
Take Notice,
All who Desire
Profltable Employment,
FIFTEEN THOUSAND AGENCIES
are open for application, and all persons desiring a pleas-
fant, exsyand profitable employment, requiring but little
time. will do well to accept the earllest opportunity and
send in their names,
‘The superior advantages offered by us to book-buyers, as
well ag the fact that we have been longer establiahed than
hny other Gift Book House, has induced the press to confer
upon our busiogss the title of
THE PIONEER GIFT BOOK STORE.
‘As we have from the first taken the lead of all others, we
shall endeavor to msiqvain our position as heretofore,
Bock Agents and those desiring to become ao, should
examine ourterms, as ten books can be sold, in the same
time that one may bedisoosed of in the recalar way, through
the inducements given by us to the purchaser,
REMEMBER,
{27- That this Is the only Gift Book House that takes the
risk of loss through the mail.
27 This is the only Gift Book House that has recelved
the voluntary endorsement of over five hundred city and
country Jourauls, aud of the leading publishing houses of
ie country,
This is the eldest established and most extensive
House of the kind la the world,
Ke We pay the most liberal commission to Agenta,
We keep the most varied and extensive stock of
Books and Gifts, and gratuitously circulate the most com-
plete and best classified catalygue In the count
(2 We guarantee perfect satisfaction to al who may
favor us with thelr patronage.
‘One trial will satlafy the most Incredulous. Send for a
Catalogue: it contains a description and thealze, binding
and price of every book io its pawes, ao that the purchaser
may kaw precisely what he is sending for, and ls assured
of receiving the full value of his investment tn the Books,
besides a Gift varying In value from 5yo, to 100,00.
HOW TO SEND FOR BOOKS.
Orders of Five Books and upwards should be sent by
exoress, If posalble, as itis safer and cheaper than by mall.
Money, if posslble, abould be sent in form of Drath a8
payment can be stopped if lost through the mall. A.
quuttiers lnclosing: ynomay may be sent at our, tak. provi:
de ey are réeyistered according to law. aps
tons are slinole, and wlthla the reach of all fussuring the
safe transm) ce of Books.
pein ordering, books, the tithe, fo Diack otters ons
should be use je writing saou
Name, Post Office, County and State ahould be distinct to
ayold mistakes, ess
Bend for a Catalogne.
oF iTagt all pommuntcatlgns to D. W. EVANS & ©0.,
roadway, New se
[2 Do not be deceived by Houses In Philadelphia and
other ote hte advertise under asiallarname., We have
no connection with them whatever, and the public should
Hot judgeus by thelr mode of dolug business.
D. W. EVANS & C0.,
502 677 Broadway, New York.
AKEH YOUR OWN SOAP.
SAPONIFISN:
5 OR,
PURE CONCENTRATED POTAS
agranied doubl th of ordinary Pot ‘On
Pomnd at twelve ations Koon strong Sono, w
and whh liwe trouble. Manufactured and eo
Titan Came ia lumps, directlons, at the Cf
~S Nee DURKEE & £0.
Fold everywhere, ‘Wl Poari street, N. Y., Prone
YEACHER.—A Yoong bas bad experience as
Tran Engineer and on ata rie Teacher,
FU Selencen ne peaeateher of Mathematics and the Natur »
ral Sciences, or French, Acs a
Best of references given ae cola se Fsteut lon.
At
Lostitation bas become,
New York and other Staten
deem It onmecessary loaeer to particu!
superior advantages for the edu
GenUemen, Board and Washing $1.7
Fall Term eg
ILSON'S AND PEABODY'S SERED
Wiest them nay Sagceroe aod emcee He
Dera of the Ronal EMpinw SLon:—I will dellver at your
Post Office, or nearest Express Mitice, Fake or CHARGw and
Warrant thelr safe arrival ip & 80bod and health; ‘conditions .
plants of the above fruit, atthe (olgwlug very low rates:
12 plants for 60 cent do, for #1 for #25 600d
for #7; 1,000 do for #12; 2.0.0 do. foi with fall printed
instructions for planting, Ac. Address
a LW. BRIGGS, Macedom Centre, N. Y.
N, B.—Notes of any specie-paying Bank, reteived at par,
ICKOK’S PATENT PORTABLB
CIDER AND WINE MILL AND PRESS‘.
This sterling Machine, which from the test of several
years bas proved Itself superior in point of simplicity and
éfiiciency fo anything in the market, 1s bow reudy for the
apple harvest of 1859.
It is made If possible better than ever, and where there
are no Agents, farmers will do well to send to the manufac-
tory early fora circular. We also make larse Iron press
screws from 3 inches dismeter and 4 feet long, to 6 Inches
diameter and 8 feet long, at reasonable oricea. Address
W. 0. HiOKOK, Euzle Works,
500.9% Harrisburgh, Pa,
UBLIC SALE OF DEVON CATTLE AND
SOUTH-DOWN SHEEP.
On WEDNESDAY, 7th September next, at 0o'clock A.ML,
at my Farm on Grund Island, near Buffalo, I will sell my
entire herd of thorough-bred Devon Cattle, consisting of
‘upw: of 80 Cows, Heifers, Bulls, and Bull and Helfer
Calves.
T will also sell at the same time 100 thorough-bred South-
Down Ewes and Rams. Also, 100 or more cholce grade
Breeding Ewes, of Cotswold and South-Down crossea—tho
best class of Mutton Sheep. Also, haif a dozen superior
young white Breeding Sows,
The sale will be positive, an? without reserve, Uf Here
are purchasers to buy the St as I am going out of
stock breeding altogetber.
Terms :—On sums over #50, and up to $100, six montha;
and oo sums over #100, a year's credit will be given, on ap-
proved notes, with Interest; or a liberal discount will be
made for cash,
The Stock will be delivered to the purchasers at elther of
the Rallroad Stations in Buffulo, Black Rock, or Tonawan-
da. or ut the Steamboata in Buffalo, if required,
Catalogues of the Stock will be sent by mail to those
wanting them,
A Steam Boat will cross the river every.
tween Lower Black Rock and the Farm on the da;
‘The Stock can be seen at any time
Tous by galliag ak
revious by cali
my residence, EWES FALLEN.
black Rock, N. ¥., August 1, 1859, Bast
IND MILLS, FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES,
continue to be manafactured bythe Subscriber, ata
cost of 875 and upwards (to $5,000.) He has just made a
Mill for Jouy R. Mongay. Esq. of Mt. Morris, N, Y.—for
raising water and other purposes—which gives entire eatla-
faction, Orders wll receive prompt and personal atten.
tion, Address THOS, 0, VICE, Rochester, N.Y, 499-48
OMES FOR ALL.—Several families will start from
New York for the table lands of Teswwasen the frst
Week of August, We Intend to ft outcompanies of persons
seeking new homes in VirGiNra about the Lat of September,
We therefore desire those who wish to unite, to furnish us
Tih paniculas of their wants, means and preferences,
that the best possible provision may be made for them.
The rapid advance of the price of Land settled under the
auspices of ConoknrKD EwionaTion is tue grand, distinctive
feature of our enterprise, We bave the pleasure of aasur-
ing our friends of the success of those who bave already
Kone on, and of the prosperity and perfect health which has
allended therm,
Please address FRANOIS W. TAPPAN, President, or
JOHN ©. UNDERWOOD, General Agent American, Emi-
he Homestead Company, No, 16 oe fam
D
GREAT CURIOSITY.
We have one of the greatest curiosities and most valuable
{nventions in the known world, for which we want agents
everywhere. Pull particulars sent rRee.
498-4teo w. SHAW & OLARK, Biddeford, Maine.
Wwitsen’s ALBANY BHKEDLING!
BEST AND MOST PROLIFIC STRAWBERRYt
Yrevo's Over 200 Bossets Per Acre!
‘This unrivalled Berry bas this year, on my grounds, ex-
ceeded all previous ones, in size, quality and produclve-
peas, Numberless specimens, from 4 to #% Inches In clr
cumference, some stil larger. Having marketed the earliest
and best of this fruit—and for searly Ove weeke—I cam
supply selected, strong, new plants, warranted pure, of the
very best quality... Packed and delivered fa Albany, #10 for
1,000; 86 for 500; 91,50 for 100; $1 for 5v. Descriptive
lara sent to
iN
honr be
oappl Sante inolasing ‘stamp,
LING AGENT EMPLOYED,
goer . WM. RICHARDSON,
Amat Riverview, Albany, N.Y.
EP wAEDa BRING LS MACHINE
the
CHEAPEST, SIMPLEST AND BEST
Tn use, and the only oue cutting a perfect Shingle with
rapidity. i
Single Horse Power. will Cut 8,000 Shingles
per Hour, ‘id ican, he Brovelled by" Mond to Cur
2,000 per Hour. For Ore W ARDS. Obittenango,
ABeowtt or J. W. PORTER, Syracuse,
VALUABLE BOOK FOR INVALID
Bent by mall, and not to be pald for antil recelved,
read, and approved of. If not approved, no charge.
‘Dr. SimveL & Frron's “Six Lectures" on the Causes,
Prevention, and Cure of Diseases of the Lungs, Throat,
‘Stomach, Bowel, Liver, Kidneys, Skin, etc,, Female
Complaints, and Chronic diseases generally: on the Laws of
‘and the true method of curing these diseases, and pre-
serving life and health to old age. A volume of 875 pages,
With & Mustratloos, beund. We will forward a copy of it,
st-pald, te any address that may be sentus, and the price,
Eitenta, may He remitted (in stamps or otherwise) after the
Book Ia recelved and approved of If remitted in advance,
the price is 40 centa, ply. giving Post-Office, Oounty, an:
to 5. FITOH & 00.,
714 Broadway, New York.
(PUE DEST GRAIN DRILL IN
AMERICA!
Ts Manufactured by the Subscribers at Macedon, N. Y.
ts #0 arranged as to Sow or Plant, with equal faclilty, all
kinds of Reed, from the smallest Grass Seed to Corn or
Beans, either Broadcast, In Hillsor in Drills. Also, every
easton an of Gonoentrated aianaren aa Guano, Lime,
psum, Poudrette, Bone Dust Ce
Guts anid descripUons were given In'a late number of the
Rural Gay ith, fe
60
5
pl, piano Aus
" Grass Seeder,
delivered on board boat
aes oy er informal ony, Chrealare, &e
RIGGS, lacedon Centre, N.Y.
Macedon NY BICKFORD
EA PERRINS’ CELEBRATED
L ORCA THReHIRE SAUCE,
PRONOUNCED BY EXTRACT
of a Letter from a
MEDICAL GENTLEMAN,
AT MADRAS,
To his Brother
AT WORCESTER,
address LW.
nthe Proprietors,
4&4 HOFFMAN,
Connolsseurs
TO BE THR
Only Good Sauce,
ASD APPLICABLE TO
EVERY VARIETY
OF DISH.
BSXATENSIVES FRAUDS.
‘The only Medal awarded by the Jury of the New York Ex-
hibition for Porelgn Sauces, was obtained by Lea d& PERRINS
for thelr Worcestershire Sauce, ‘The world-wide fume of
which having led to numerous Forgeries, purchasers are
requested to see that the names of Lea & Peuuins are upon
the Wrapper, Label, Sumer and Bolle,
Tra & Penains will proceed against any” one tnfttn
elther by manufacturing or vending Spurious Sauce, an
have Instructed thelr correspondents in various parts of the
world (o advise them of any (mfringementa Sole Wholesal
Agents for the United States, %
‘A DOIN DUNOAN & SONS, 605 Broadway, Bt re
el lr in store, Also, orders received [0
shipment from Eneland. Cie
ASTI
5
a
Written for Moore's Raral New-Yorker,
IN THE WOODS.
irae
For many a month the walls of home
Taye wearily closed us In~
‘Wo bave watched the skies grow bright above
‘And the flelds are robed in green.
‘We have dreamed of quiet, dim old woods
“Whore the sunshine only falls
ered and mild, like the holy light
In the old cathedral walls,
‘Waking at morn to the daily round
OF tolling and ceaseless care,
Like birds of the forest with fettered wings
Long for Freedom's air,
We have burst the bonds of our prison cage,
And with joyons and springing feet,
We trace the paths where the wild fowers bloom
And the dancing streamlets meck
Beauty and freshness, life and J/eht,
Are crowding the forest maze,
And we drink the full cup from Nature’s hand
With hearts that are fall of pralse;
Beating on couches of emerald green,
While carpets for kingly feet
Stretch far away through the shadowy alsles
‘Where the woven branches meet.
Berries red as the baby’s lips,
Violets blue as ber eye,
Blossoms pure as her snowy brow
In. wreath above it lie,
One small hand filled with the waxen buds
Half buried in verdure lies,
While the drooping lashes gently close
O’er the light of her sunny eyes.
‘The shadows creep from the western bills,
And we know that the night bas come,
But we linger stili in the winding path
‘That leads to our quict home,
If we sleep, we shall dream of falry-land—
If we wake, our thoughts will be sweet —
Dreaming or waking, love and peace
In our hearts are sure to meet.
JAS.
Michigan, 1859,
A CONFESSION;
on,
LIGHTS AND SHADOWS OF MARRIED LIFE.
My friend H— married in early life. The lady
that he chose was a beautiful but weak-minded
girl. H— wes a whole-souled, pleasure-loving
youth, the life of every circle that he favored with
his company.
The club of which he was a member acknowl-
edged that he was the wittiest and handsomest
man among them; but, as I haye already said,
H— married early; and now let me add only three
montbs had elapsed when we observed a marked
change in our favorite.
His bright smile was changed for a serious and
often sad expression; he came to the club-rooms
less frequently than had been his wont, and while
there he read his paper and smoked, seldom join-
ing in apy conversation.
He had been in the habit of taking out but one
cigar during the evening, and that was sometimes
thrown away half-consumed. Now he seemed to
staoke, as some persons drink, “to drive away
dull care.” When the door opened he started,
and held the cigar half-hidden by his paper, as if
afraid of being caught in some forbidden enjoy-
ment.
After I had observed my friend, evening after
evening, and felt convinced that some secret sor-
row Was destroying his peace, I one night left the
room with him, offering to walk home by his side,
He drew my arm within his own, and gaye my
hand a friendly pressure; as he turned his face
toward the gas light, I saw that a tear stood in his
eye. I said, ‘*H—, you are in trouble—can I re-
lieve you? Do you need pecuniary aid? If so,
let me have the pleasure of bestowing it. You
have a young wife, and your expenses must neces-
sarily have increased—perhaps more than you
anticipated; and young lawyers sometimes have
- to wait long for their fees. If you would like to
borrow money, say so; I haye more than enough
for an old bachelor.”
“Old bachelor! Would that I were—"* Here
he paused, and turning to me added, “B—, reveal
not what I have just uttered. You haye always
been like a brother to me, and you shall know the
cause of my distress; I am sure you will never
make an improper use of what I tell you.”
After assuring him that he might safely confide
in me—that I would never diynlge his secret until
Thad received his permission—I listened to the fol-
lowing recital.
“T married too hastily; Clara’s beauty dazzled
me, and I saw not her defects; the poor girl de-
clares she loyes me, but preferable would be her
hatred. I cannot leaye her presence without being
obliged on my return to account for every moment
of my absence. Any spotis better than myhome,
yet I cannot seek peace elsewhere without a cor-
tainty that I must pay a severe penalty. My wife
forbids me to smoke in her presence, therefore I
‘ust go abroad to enjoy what I cannot discontinue
Stonce, Indeed the desire for such an indulgence
with my efforts to leave it off.”
Suddenly starting, my friend exclaimed, —
‘ere she is now, with her head out of the win-
oa sold night, though I have besought her
had See har health in this way; but such is
ae ee steam yu on
iakatoc ‘ged! Twould rather die than
Ere I had spoken many wy,
wore at my friend's door. Twas preaame the
hand when the door opened, anda delicate but
‘beautiful lady held a light, which showed too
plainly the frown which disfigured her fairface.
sir, home at last?” and the door closed
. Vhat I
less than a month, to show H—
MOORE'S
and other unfortunates that 0 woman can be gov-
erned,
I lay awake that night thinking overall my lady
friends, and considering which should be my vic-
tim, Some were too silly, others too plain-look-
ing; but I remembered that one was beautiful,
intelligent, and so high-spirited that to subdue her
would be a grand achievement.
Thad wealth, position, and (excuse my vanity,)
nota bad person. The fair ope in question I bad
always admired, and she had invariably received
me well. Indeed, I bad been assured by an ac-
quaintance with Miss C— that I wasa favorite with
her. Butas I bad resolved to lead a single life, I
had never entertained any serious intentions to-
wards the one I now determined to marry, if she
would accept me, I decided to put on the chains
of matrimony to prove that they could not always
enslave.
In three weeks from that night I had caught my
bird. We were to be united toward the close of
the coming week, in accordance with my wishes,
that we might spend the holidays with my parents
in Virginia.
On our return we took possession of our newly
furnished mansion, We gave o large party, or
rather it was my party that I might invite all my
bachelor friends as well as some poor unhappy
married ones.
T was astonished when my bride agreed to allmy
arrangements, though she knew as well as I did
they were peculiar.
T could not offend her by any of my propositions;
she gaye no unasked advice—merely assented to
all T said.
“Qh, a new broom sweeps clean,” thought I.
“She will show out when no longer a bride; I
know she is proud and spirited enough,”
The evening passed delightfully, and I confess I
was skeptical as to my ability to disturb my wife's
peace of mind.
The guests retired after paying many compli-
ments on my choice of a wife, and we were alone,
As soon as I could interupt Mary’s gay and
charming conversation, I said;
“My dear, what did you think of my having the
wine and smoking arrangement for the gentle-
men?”
“ Oh, itwas acapitalidea,myhusband, Itmust
have pleased your bachelor friends to see that you
could not forget their comfort, although no longer
one of them. I must note it down that it may
never be forgotten when we give entertainments;
married people are too indifferent about the com-
forts of poor old bachelors.”
I was again disappointed; but I determined not
to retire until I called forth one frown or pouting
look.
My wife had been sitting with one arm around
me; I gently drew myself from her embrace, (I
could not do it rudely,) and took a cigar from my
case, I knew that before our engagement she dis-
liked the habit of smoking.
I calmly seated myself upon a lounge and puffed
away.
“ Did you observe Mrs. M—’s brooch ?” inquired
my wife, coming toward me, seating herself by my
side.
**No,” I replied, and smoked away vigorously.
Mary continued to chat gaily, but suddenly turned
pale, and dropped her head upon my shoulder.
She had fainted. I rang for a servant, opened the
window, and applied restoratives. We bore her
to her sleeping room, and she soon revived,
I asked, “What made you ill? Was it the
cigar? Why did you not speak when you first felt
its effects?” and I felt myself blush with shame as
I hurriedly asked the questions.
“T wished to accustom myself to yoursmoking,”
answered my wife; for I cannot bear to drive you
from my presence every time you wish to enjoy a
cigar.”
“ Angel!” I exclaimed, “TI shall never smoke
again!”
“Oh, my husband,” said she, “make no rash
promise; the habit is not easily overcome, and I
do not ask you to discontinue it ; now that I know
I cannot bear it, I can retire to the library when
you wish to smoke.”
She has never been obliged to leave me thus; J
have never smoked since, and would not be hired
to take another cigar in my mouth,
A night or two after the above occurrence I was
sitting by my wife, who was amusing me by re-
counting, in the events of the day which had just
passed, some incidents relative to her housekeep-
ing, &c, I was charmed by her affection and
naivette, and would gladly have-remained by her
side, Butshe was to be subdued in all respects,
and in one she had not been tried. Since our
marriage I had not visited the club-rooms. I
looked at my watch and carelessly remarked, “I
shall go to the club, Mary; if you grow sleepy, do
not wait for me, I have a key.”
A shade of sadness flitted across her beautiful
face, but it was succeeded by one of her sweetest
smiles. Springing from my side, she ran to the
hall, brought out my overcoat, shoes, ete., placed
them before the fire, and said:
“Do not forget to warm them before you leave
the club, my husband, and walk fast that you may
not get cold; indeed, I have another reason for
wishing you to hasten home; it will be a lonely
evening without you; but you have deprived
yourself of better society so long that I can bear
to spend an eyening in anticipation, instead of in
the enjoyment of your company.”
I hesitated—almost decided not to go; but it
would not do to yield. I went, and was almost as
dull as H., who was also there. He observed my
manner, and whispered, “In trouble already?”
“Yes,” I answered, “and I shall be in trouble
until I acknowledge myself conquered. I married
to enjoy the pleasure of ‘taming a shrew,’ but I
find myself wedded to an angel. I must confess
my mistake, and make myself worthy the wife
that God bas given me. Some other bachelor
must woo a woman to show that a female can be
ruled. Iam vanquished, and gladly do I yield to
such a victor.”
+ Poor H. sighed, rose, and walked the floor for
some minutes; then approaching me he said :—
“Why this difference? Your wife is beautiful
and graceful—so is mine, Your wife says she
loves you—so dees mine. Yours—”
“Hold,” interrupted I. “Your wife says she
RURAL
loves you—mine proves it by consulting my bap-
piness, You warned me inst my wife's pride
and spirit; I grant she possesses ® large quantity
of both, and what would a woman be without
these traits? Mary has excellent sense and ¢act.—
These teach ber how to control those characteris-
tics which might make us both unhappy. Yes,
H., any man tliat has brains at all must not choose
a beautiful wife without intellect; rather let him
wed one with a plain face, a warm heart, and good
sense.”
I shook hands with poor H., and pitied him sin-
cerely, then crossed the hall to the room where
were assembled many members of the club, I
made a farewell address, in which I advised them
to follow my example, and shook hands with them
all. Some bantered mo, but the greater number
said their acquaintance with my wife had half in-
duced them to look around for an opportunity to
do as I had done; and they all promised to accept
my wife’s invitation to come freely to our home
whenever they felt like having quiet domestic en-
joyment.
I hastened home, entered the dining-room,
where I saw the gas burning; my slippers were
warming before the fire, near which was drawn a
great arm-chair; on the table were a cup and
saucer, besides other arrangements for 4 comfort-
able supper.
I rang the bell, and the waiter appeared. I
asked who had placed my slippers there. He
smiled and said, “I saw mistress put them there,
sir.”
As it was not alate hour, I was surprised that
my wife was not waiting, although I requested
her to retire, if sleepy.
T asked, ‘Has Mrs. B. retired?’ The servant
replied, ‘No, sir, she is in the kitchen, teaching
Nancy and Ellen to read.”
I told the waiter not fo disturb his mistress, but
to wait in the buttery until I called him,
I then stole quietly down to the kitchen, and
peeped through the glass over the door. The
large pine table contained books, slates, etc. There
sat my wife between two black females, one was
reading to her and the eyes of the other were
gazing on the face of her mistress as if she con-
sidered her a being from a better world,
I returned to the dining-room, rang the bell,
and when the waiter re-appeared I bade him inform
his mistress that I had arrived. I fear some long
word was left half pronounced, for in less than
tivo minutes she was in my arms.
“0, how good of you to return so early!” cried
she; “but why did yon? Was it not pleasant
with your club?”
“No, my wife,” I replied, ‘I shall go to it no
more, It answered very well when I had no house
of my own; but now I have a dear, sensible, loy-
ing wife, who is more attractive than all the clubs
in Christendom.”
Mary blushed at the compliment, and burying
her face in my bosom to hide the tears that would
come in spite of the smile, said, ‘‘May I ever
deserve such praise and love from you, my hus-
band; when you left ime this evening, I sat one
moment on the lounge and shed tears because I
felt so lonely; then I thought this will not do;
Charles must sometimes leave me; I will improve
usefully every hour of his absence. So after pre-
paring for your return I went to the kitchen to
instruct our women.”
My wife insisted upon my going to the club
once a week, lest my bachelor friends become
jealous of her, but they have witnessed so much
of our happiness that I think the club room will
not much longer be the resort of any but misera-
ble rejected bachelors and unhappy husbands.
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA.
I Ax composed of 11 letters.
My 2, 5, 5, 11 is a female name.
My 1, 11, 5 is conyenient for housekeepers,
My 9, 10, 8 1 a weapon of defence,
My 6, 8, 9 la what miners do-
My 9, 4, 6 school-boys often fear.
My 4, §, 6 is acceptublo in time of need.
My 5, 7, 9 Is often seen on the road.
My 9, 8, 5 is an intemperate drink.
My 9, 2, 8, 8 1s what all desire.
My whole Is a town in the State of New York.
ese wheats for millih
Pye earliest known In Rentueke,
ernel ah
composes one
io.
In the Runau of March 19th Inst, we tendered our
compliments to the eminent “Professor” of Terra-
Culture in the following manner, to wit:
“Terna-Cuurone” — Ita “ Professor” Still Ram-
pant /—There’s little use of killing some humbugs, for,
r being effectually buried in one locality, they will
‘arn up” and flourish and fleece community a thou-
sand miles distant. The Roman and other Aj
years sgo exposed the fallacious theory o!
Comstock—the man who bas been waiting ao long for
an ungrateful Republic to give bim a million of doliars
or less to disclose the mysteries of terra-culture—yet
there are places in this “widely extended country”
where he ‘‘still lives,” temporarily, and depletes the
purses of the lovers of the marvelous. His “last
appearance” was in the “Old Dominion,” as we infer
from a lip cut from a local paper and kindly sent us by
a friend at Fairfax O. H., Va. In this slip the “ Prof.”
is severe on the “learned Agricultural Editors of the
North ”—as indeed ne well may be, for they have pretty
effectually spiked his swindling swivel wherever their
Journals circulate. The Rurav had the misfortune to
open the warfare on terra-culture, and hence its irate
‘ Professor ” is particularly * down” on “ Mr. Moorr.”
He can’t forget that the whole “secret” and wonderful
‘mystery ” was first given in the RvkaL—nor that" Mr,
Moonn” fearlessly exposed bis subsequent forgery and
falsehoods. Butif he lied then, he now proves himself
the father of liars, for the etatements made relative to
u4, in the slip aforesaid, are utterly false and ridiculous,
For instance, in reply to the charge that he forged our
signature and placed it at the head of a list of sixty
editors endorsing his theory, he says that “Moore's
agent signed Moone’s name,” etc, Now, this is sheer
“ gammon”—for neither Moore, nor any agent of bis,
ever signed anything endorsing terra-culture, And
the assertion that Moore “offered bim $50 to write an
article on the practice of terra-cullure for his paper” is
equally false and absurd, for we never offered bim a
penny, or even suggested the thing, On the contrary,
we refused to publish what he desired on the subject,
though he offered us the gold for euch service! Thus,
instead of our offering him, the offer was from him—
which, according to our notion, l¢ a “white horse of
another color,” But we forgive the hallucinated
“ Professor?” and not only that, we purpose to “ return
good for evil” by giving his portrait in the Rurat in a
Week or tyo—a double view, as seen by himself and
also by the public. As tohistheory, that is proved to be
an egregious * sell,” yet we may perhaps, in connection
with the portrait, neain “disclose the disclosures” for
the benefit of our Virginia and other distant readers,
—In proof of the truth of our remark in the first
sentence of the above notice, we learn thatthe “ Prof,”
has left Va., and “turned np” elsewhere, A friend at
Monongahela City, Pa., send us the Republican of that
place containing an article, the material and sanguinary
portion of which we quote—as follows:
“We concur with the signers of the accompanying
Conventional Report on Terra-Culture, We will also
add, for the cause of trath and justice, that the course
for years pursued by Moonn's Ruan New-Youker in
slandering Terra-Culture is libellous in the extreme;
and in our opinion its publishers should be required to
pay the severest penalty of the law, The Runat seems
to be a circular for the nurserymen of Rochester, N. ¥.
We believe no man of trath would ever use such vil-
Jainous language to describe any person as D. D. T.
Moore uses under the head of Terra-Cultare. But for
said Rurat New-Yorker, and some kindred prints,
many of us would now have enjoyed the benefits of
Comstook’s System oF Teera-CuLtore for several
years. We regret that said papers were ever seen or
heard tell of by us.”
This precious document is signed by seven wise (or
otherwise) men and one captain. But the richest part
of the story remains to be “ disclosed”—proving that
the valiant army of eight really knew nothing of the
Runar. or its contents, except what they had “heard
tell of "—for our correspondent writes :—" The signers
to the article on Terra-Culture I am acquainted with,
and none of them have ever been subscribers to the
even Runa, and few of them have ever read a column
in it! Should you deem it worthy a reply, send me a
few extra coples,” &e.
Our friend is entitled to thanks for his attention, but
really we do not think it a paying investment to devote
either time or space in replying to the weak advertise
ments of such a veritable charlatan as is the self-dubbed
“ Professor "—for the article alluded to, though signed
by others, was undoubtedly written, and its publication
paid for, by Comstock himself, But be that as it may,
we have too much self-respect to reply seriously to such
nonsense from a man whose assertions and pretensions
have so often been refuted and exposed, And though
we don’t think such a person as the “ Prof.” could be
easily slandered or libeled, we confess that our language
may haye appeared undignified; let the readerremem-
ber, however, that “evil associations corrupt good
manners”—and that itis hardly possible to descend to
the level of such charlatanism without suffering in fact
or stylo from the seeming contact! As to visiting us
“Ballston, N_Y.,.1859,— MAL-SIUAELL - | with the “severest penalties of the law,” that ¢s exern-
fay" Answer in twa weeks. Como At a x ting—emanating as it does from one who has suffered
—— ( ad those penalties! Butwe admire the reticent elo
For Moore's Rural New-Yorkér’ | gance of the Professor's backers, wlio “ regret that said
RIDDLE.
My firsts n biped, wild and tame,
And masculine in gender;
My second alao is the same,
And good to eat when tender;
My whole is a narcotie plant,
Found written, in the ploral,
‘Bix times in Scripture. Will you grant
‘To name me in the Rupar?
Sterling, N. Y., 1859,
$27 Answer in two weeks.
W. H.W.
¥or Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
GEOMETRICAL PROBLEM,
AcrnTLeaN has a garden containing one acre of
land, the width of which is 4 of the length. What will
be the circumference of a circle which will exactly
clroumseribe it? Maztiy Barer,
2 Answer in two week!
ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS, &c,, IN No, 500,
pe
Answer to Miscellaneous Enigma:—Be good and
kind to others at all times.
Answer to Chemical Enigma:—Oxygen fs alike the
destroyer and constructor of our system.
Answer to Arithmetical Problem :
1 1 1
8 3 8 3
5 10 5 2
w 95 50 oO
Dp » 0»
papers were ever seen or heard tell of by us,” What
bliss thore is in ignorance! We presume the mystic
seven and their captain will centinue to enjoy the great
benefits of ignorance and. Terra-Culture—as, from
their (or the Professor's) regret/ul specimen of windom,
it isn’t likely they will soon commit the folly of acquir-
ing any useful knowledge, either from the Rurax or
other papers they haye “seen or heard tell of” Had
they “read the papers”—and especlally this and other
Ag. Journals—they would have discovered that the
Terra-Culture theory of the “great discoverer” had
long since been exposed, exploded and ‘played out”
in this and other enlightened (excuse us, Pennsylya-
nians and Virginians.) sections of the Union, and that
too after having been thoronghly examined and tested
by some Of the most scientific, practical and honorable
men in this and other States, They would also have
learned that sald theory was pronounced no new dis-
covery by the N. Y. State Ag. Society, as long ago ay
1851—an ante Committee, (consisting of J. PB. Non,
A. 5, Downtna, Judge VAN Bruoen, L. F, ALuEN and
E. P. Prentiox,) reporting that “ After @ conference
‘with Mr, Comstock the Commitice coute to the unant-
‘mous opinion that xo New ms0ovERY has beon
“made by Mo, Comstock, nor wa8 his practice differ-
‘ent from that of experienced nurserymen heretofore,
‘and which may be found discussed in books,” &c,
—To sustain this demolishing report an abundance
of the most reliable testimony might be adduced,—but
of what aynil would it be in heading the fraudulent and
swindling deception, #0 long as gaping fools in various
localities ever stand ready to swallow any marvellous
balt, regardless of the hook intended to bleed and
blister credulous innocents?
Nos. 20 and di Genta
Bare DOWN THAT STREAM OF PUR
dry.
ter Pipe made by I, S. Hospi & Co,
Bicee inthe world: Mage orBing timber etn
es nes ane a
idleatructible, e88 00,
‘ist 44 Arcade, Rochester,
TONE YARDS—FOR 1859,—RATHBUN
SOME have miwaqe on band m good watnin of Neeae
rt and Medina Stone, Ca) fo) Bie
ost, Well and Cistern Covers, Curbing, Paving, and Bula:
ma 8 ney Hlageing all sizes, Fire-proof Vaults, &c. They
will contract for Street Improvements, gener: athome
br abroad, and fil all orders on short notiee, addressed to
Tuomas Ratason, Buffalo, or
Wa. W. Warrwoi
to the subscriber, Fitshi Bri m
ye rales, Falah BG Belo est
ANNY’S COMBINED
REAPER AND MOWHER,
WITH WOOD'S IMPROVEMENT,
For the Harvest of 1869.
‘The subscriber begs to inform the public that he continues
to manufacture this popnlar machine, and pledges himself to
Produes co implement. that will fully sustain its former repu-
ation, as the best combined machine yet introduced, and
inferior to none, either as. a Reaper or
It bas had asteady and incre:
before.
this machine, ani
d upon
Ghat there
durable, and sustain its reputation ae the leading and mos
acceptable machine to the largest class of farmers in the
country.
Warranted capable of cutting from 10 to 15 acres of grass
or grain per day, in a workmanlike manner.
rice of Machine as heretofore, varies according to width
ofcut, and its adaptation fn size and strength to different
tectlons of the country, from #125 10 #150, delivered here on
e
cars, TER A. WOOD,
Manufacturer and Proprietor, Hoosick Falls, N. ¥.
BENNETT GRAY, Brockport,
WM. HENRY HARMON, Scottsville,
AS Agents for Monroe County, N. ¥.
oop’s MOwHBDR.—
Patented February 224, 1859.
fare of the Manny Combined Reaper and Mower, I hays
ven much thoughtand attention tothe construction of what
foresaw would be a great want of the Farmers—a lighter
and cheaper macuine expressly for mowing, than had yet
en made,
‘And now, after the most thorough and repested experl-
ments and tests In every variety of field, and {n all kinds and
An every condition of grass, am prepared, with entire cond
dence, to offer to the farmers and dealers of the United
Btates, the great dewidev'a¢urn in this department of Agricul-
tural labor-saving machines—a Mower, superior in its capac-
ity for good work to any hitherto introduced, of easy draft,
Nght cheep, and durable.
‘This machine I now offer as my latest invention, to meet a
special want of farmers, and to place within the reach of all,
a Mower that for practical working, cheapness and simplicl-
ty, will be without a rival.
{ build Two-Horse and One-Horse Mowers. The Two-
Horse Mower welgho 425 ths., and cuts a swath foar feet wide
(or moreif specially ordered.) The One-Horse Mower welghs
80 ma, ess, (B85 Ba.) and cuts a swath three and a half feet
re
wide.
For a more full description of the Mower, reference lamade
to my Pamphlets, which will be furnished on application.—
With each machine will be furnished two extra guards, two
extra sections, one wrench and oll can.
‘Warranted capable of cutting ten acres of grass per day in
a workmanlike manner,
Price of Two-Horse Mower. $30
ue One-H 70
Delivered here on the cars,
I continue aa heretofore, and with greater success than at
any preyions time, the manufacture and sale of “Manny's
Patent Oombined Reaper and Mower with Wood's Improve-
ment” WALTER A. WOOD,
Mannfacturer and Proprietor, Hoosick Falls, N. ¥,
PEASE & EGGLESFON, # State Bt, Albany, Agents for
Albany County and vicinity.
BENNETT GRAY, Brockport,
WM. HENRY HARMON, Scottsville,
Our Agents fer Monroe Connty, N. ¥,
HEMICAL WORKS.
FAarsrorr c
D. B. DeLAND
Acknowledging the fayor and patronage which have been
bestowed upon him by the Trade and others since the com-
mencement of his enterprise, respectfully Informs his pa-
trons und the public generally, that with greatly Increased
facilities he continues to mauufacture'a superior article of
SALERATUS, PURE CREAM TARTAR, BI OAR-
BONATE OF SODA, SAL SODA, tke,
‘The above articles will be sold In all yarletles of pac
at as low prices as they are alferded by any other manufac-
turer, and in every case warranted pure and of superior
quality, Orders respectfully solicited and prompt filled.
Consumers of Suleratus, Cream Tartar, and Bi-Car-
bonate of Soda should be careful to purchase that having
the name of D. I; DaLaxp on the wrapper, as they will ho
Obtain a pure article.
Fairport, Monroe Go, N. ¥- ‘saweit
BOAROMAN, GRAY & CO'S NEW SCALE
PIANO FORTES!
tp Musical Qualities and Mechenism, and having
See Patent Timsoveneot the Anstlate tron tity
ti rd, &e. Dest
Cottman durable Pianos Inthe World.
‘Ailalnes from 6 to 74 octaves, and ail. prices from #135 to
43m, acconting tose and Helsby wl Ue sold at ety low
lZ An erfect satisfaction guar: ees
Pritfasteated Price Lists and Olreulars furnished on appllca-
tlon, Please call and ex: ie them at our
WUSIO HALL! _
468 and 470 Broadway, Albany, N. ¥.
A2ewett BOARDMAN, GRAY & CO.
ENSIGN, ATTORNEYS AND
JAMS onset LAW.—Office, No. 60 Main street,
(over Tosh pore ate E
consid,
for real property In Western
A. H, Jasreson.
° 1 Kiln, Parente July, 57
FTE Page rinse for Wood or Coal, 214 edrds of
wood Te'tuna of coal to 100 Dbls.—coul not mfxed with
FO yO Gu 0. D. PAGE, Rochester, N. ¥,
a
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
THE LARGEST CipeOLaTED
Agricultural, Literary-and Family Weekly,
13 PUBLISHBO EVERY SATURDAY
BY D. D. T. MOORE, ROCHESTER, N. Y.
Oftice, Union Buiktings, Opposite the Court House, Bullalo St.
TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
Twe Dollars a Year—81 for six months. To Clubs
and Agents as follows :—Three Copies one year, for #5; Bix,
pad one free to club agent, for #10; Ten, and one free, for
#15; Sixteen, and one ‘ree, for #2; Twenty, and one ies
for #25; Thirty-two, and two free, for #40, (or Thirty for
#97,50,) and any greater number at same alee
per copy—with an extra copy for every Ten a 18 i ie
over Thirty, Club papers sent to diferent Post offices, i le
sired. As we pre-pay American postage on nae Be
the British Provinces, our Oanadian agents and friends must
add 124 centa per copy to the ¢
‘The lowest price of coples sent to Europe, &c., is only #2,-
= stages
eran ncemrs Twenty FIV2 Cente a Line, each inser-
tion, payable in advance, Our rule is to give no advertise-
ment, unless very brief more than sixto elght consecutive
{nsertlons, Patent Medicines, &¢., are not advertised ip
the Ronat on any conditions,
Tus Postaae on THe Ropal 1s only 34 cents per qnarter
to any part of this State, and 6/4 cents to any other State, if
pald quarterly in advance at the post-ofllee where recelved.
Exsiom,
D the six years I have been engaged in the manufac- .
;
TWO DOLLARS A YEAR)
“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.
(SINGLE NO. FOUR CENTS.
VOL. X. NO. 35.5
ROCHESTER, N. Y..—FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, AUGUST 27, 1859,
{WHOLE NO. 503,
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
AN ORIGINAL WEEKLY
BURAL, LITERARY AND RAMILY NEWSPAPER
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE,
With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors,
‘Tra Ronat New-Yorxen is designed to be unsurpassed
in Value, Purity, Usefulness and Variety of Contenta, and
anique and beautiful in Appearance, Its Conductor devotes
Bis personal attention to the supervision of its various de-
partments, and earnestly labors to render the RUBAL an
eminently Reliable Guide on all the important Practical,
Selentific and other Subjects intimately connected with the
business of those whose interests it zealously advocates —
It embraces more Agricultural, Horticultural, Sclentific,
Edncatlonal, Literary and News Matter, interspersed with
appropriate and beautiful Engrayings, than any other jonr-
hal,—réndering ft the most complete AcxicuLtoraL, Lrr-
EGARY AND FAMtLy Newsraprr io America.
{27 All communications, and business letters, should be
addressed te D. D, T, MOORE, Rochester, N. Y.
For Texws and other particulars, sce last page.
SMALL EXPERIMENTS,
Tus reports of small agricultural experiments
have of late been subject to ridicule, ond while good
Was no doubt intended, and the effect may be to
cause more eare in the details and nicer caleula-
lations as to the results, we fear the eyil has been
greater than the good, in causing many to withhold
valuable facts from the press. A farmer grows the
Chinese Sugar Cane on a few rods of ground, and
makes a little syrup by the aid of the kitchen
stove; another devotes a small patch to carrots, or
rnta bagas, or corn fodder, gives especial attention
to the culture, and raises an extraordinary crop.
From this he calculates the cost of cultivating an
acre, the product, and the profit of the operation.
This is not, of course, quite as satisfactory as
though the experiment was made on a larger scale,
but if made with strict honesty, and with care, we
know not why it may not tell a true tale. If the
extent and condition of the soil, the manure, time
employed in culture, &c., is stated, and the crop
carefully measured, we know not why this may not
prove a valuable experiment. If 150 bushels of
carrots are raised on one-eighth of an acre, ata
cost of six cents a bushel, we know not why 1,200
bushels could not be grown on an acre, by the same
treatment, at the same cost, or a trifle less. We
See no propriety in casting ridicule upon such
experiments as being “/ancy.”
A former not long since exhibited to us a fine
field of corn which he was growing forfodder, Last
year he had made the experiment on a small scale,
and raised so large a crop that ho was now mainly
depending upon it for winter fodder. Another had
grown at the rate of 1,600 bushels of carrots to the
acre, but both had neglected to state the facts, lest
they might be subject to censure or ridicule for
giving the results of “pocket-handkerchief” expori-
ments.
Tn this country we must have the results of small
experiments or none—for we haye no experimental
farm, nor have we, as in Europe, men of leisure and
means which they are willing to devote to the
development of great agricultural truths. Few
farmers are able or willing to make experiments,
the failure of which would inyolye pecuniary loss.
‘periments, even wher successful, arenot usually
Profitable to those who make them.
We know of experiments with different varieties
of guano, the present Year, made with so much
care, that whatever may be the result, the crop will
not pay for the time and mobey expended in the
trial. The same is true of other experiments, of
which we hope to give good account at the close
of the present season,
In the experiments made and repo
has been, no doubt, too much Haifa nan eS
care—too much jumping at conclusions,—but an
experiment, even thongh not reliable in all Te.
Bpects, is better than nothing, as it excites inter-
est, makes the question one of thought and discus-
sion Among practical men; and finally those who
believe as well as those who doubt, are led to
make the trial, to prove or disprove the theory or
the facts, and thus knowledge is increased. While
‘Admitting this, however, wo urge upon all the
paced of exuctness in operations designed to
teach facts, for upon its exactness more than upon
its extent the value of an experiment depends.
k setaoen von Whole troth should be given,
useful and important lessons,
THE FARMERS’ COPARTNERSHIPS,
Tar day must come when the farmers of America
shall see and appreciate, more fully than now, how
Nature and Nature's Gop have honored their occu-
pation above all other human industries—honored
it with living and glorious copartnerships, full ot
great harmonies and beauty ; copartnerships with
the morning stars, which sang togetherin the first
golden twilight of creation—with great and ever-
lasting vitalities which permeate the deepest
depths of space—with the sun and moon, and
planets, and the ‘‘ sweet influences of the Pleiades”
—with the grand forces which turn the wheels of
celestial systems innumerable, around the red and
fiery waves of central suns, whose huge disks, in
the distance, look like specks of light to the eye;
copartnerships with heayen’s soft and silent dews,
which distil their silver moisture upon leaf and
blade—with rain, frost and snow—with winds of
every breath, from the gentlest summer zephyr to
the hurricane which shakes the primeyal forest
withits tempest anms—with all the grand machin-
ery which moyes the planets, shapes their orbits,
and regulates their motions—with all the sublime
economies of the seasons—with the mighty ocean,
pulsating with the life which throbbed up its mil-
lion river-veins when yet ‘the earth was without
form and yoid.”
These are some of the farmer’s copartuerships.
These are some ef the agencies which Providence
has ordained to co-work with him, by day andnight,
jn spring, summer, autumn and winter. If but
the dial plate of time could be removed, so that the
farmer could see all the internal machinery and
gearing of these agencies, their co-working would
fill bim with wonder—with an elevating sentiment
»f the dignity which the Creator has put upon his
occupation, His social position among the entities
of terrestial and celestial industry, is higher than
the arrogant pretensions of a Chinese Nmperor,—
In his industrial relationships, he is more than
“brother to the moon,” That cold and subordi-
nate luminary is but a sattelite to the earth,
which was made for man to own, till and beautify,
‘The farmerisno sattelite, nor parasite, nor subject.
His toil honors the earth, and it honors him with
aproudreward. The drops that full upon its face
from bis moistened brow, are put by Nature and
Providence upon the same footing with the dews
which fall down out of the evening sky. Theyare
raised to the peerage of celestial influences in the
culture of the ground for man and beast. The
plowing, sowing and reaping, each and every pro-
cess of manual and mental labor which he gives
to that culture, takes equal rank with sublimest
agencies in Nature's realm—equal rank with the
sun's grand mission of light and heat, in so far as
seeding and reaping are concerned. His labor is
not an incidental auxiliary to the result—not a co-
operation with Nature and her forces which hasten-
ed or increased theharvest. It acts in the process
nd issue as the first vital necessity—as a primary
power among the dynamics of the material uni-
verse.
What fellowships !—what copartnerships! You
bronzed-faced ‘men at the plow, think of it. You
red-browed wielder of the scythe and sickle, think
of it, and let the thought make you look as erect
atthe blue heavens above as any man who ever
raised his eyes to their serene and lofty depths.
That great and glorious sun was not made for its
own independent and isolated glory, It was not
made for itself—not to light and warm its own in-
habitants, minded or mindless—for none of either
Species can live upon its burning rotundity, It
was made for this earth, and bodies like it. And
the earth and its sister plancts were made for men
and beings like men. That sun has its work. As
the centre of that great sisterhood, it produces and
graduates all those revolutions which give us the
seasons, day and night, secd-time and harvest,
Grand and mighty movements are they. What is
the slow motion of the farmer's plowshare in com-
parison! In comparison, very weak and small, in-
deed; butin copartnership, noble and glorions.—
That is the way to put it, neighbor Broapmanp—
in copartnership. Gop and Nature thus enjoined
them in the morning of Creation; and what are
thus joined, let not man put asunder. The revoln-
tion of the plowshare around the orbit of the
farmer's field, turning slowly its foot-wide forrows,
ranks full and even, in effect, in necessity, in
dignity, with the revolution of the earth, , inany way
that it rolls or moves, Her wheels, great and
small, might roll on forever; the san might do its
best, and the moon, and the seasons in their turn ;
the softest raing might alternate with summer sun-
beams; the richest dews might fall, and the best
south breezes blow, but without the intelligent,
hopeful, heaven-honored copartnership of the farm-
er’s toil, they would never turn ont asheaf of wheat
or handful of corn for human sustenance,
Neighbor, of the bronzed brow and broad hand,
think of this copartnership when You guide the
plow, and wield the sickle or the flail—or while
directing the action of the improved implements
aud machines which haye nearly rendered the
sickle and the flail classical emblems. Think of it
often, for the thought will help you when the beat
or the burden of the day is hardest to bear.
——_____+e+
EUROPEAN AGRICULTURE.
Dairy Exrenrence—Quantity of Milk.—In the
last received issue ofthe London Gardeners’ Chroni-
cle, R. Mc Apaw, of Staffordshire, relates his expe-
rience as adairyman. We extract from his article
as follows:
“The quantity ef milk yielded by a dairy of cows
depends altogether on their feeding, as nothing is
more common than farmers overstocking their
pastures in summer, and keeping more stock in
winter than they have sufficient feeding for. My
experience leads mo to believe that it is profitable
to allow cows os much pasture as they can eat in
summer, and #8 many roots in winter as will main-
tain them in good condition; the quantity requisite
todo so depends on whether their pastures have
been eaten bare during summer, and what descrip-
tion of fodder is allowedthem, When the foggage
is good in winter, 60 pounds of turnips daily will
keep cows in good condition, but when the foggage
is bare it will require 8 pounds per day; this is
assuming wheat straw as the fodder—where hay is
given, less will suffice. My position being a dai-
ryman, who rents cows by the year from a farmer,
with a certain stipulated quantity of feeding for
each cow, I will not speak of what might be made
by extraordinary feeding, but will only note what
is my own routine, and State the results. In the
dairy of 100 cows rented by me, in winter we give
each cow 42!bs, of turnips at 5 o’clock in the morn-
ing, commence to milk at six; as soon as that is
concluded, fodder with straw, then cleanse out the
cowhouses, and currycomb all the cows, fodder
again between 10 and 11, and at 12 turn them out
to drink, put another feed of 42 lbs. of turnips in
their troughs, and allow them to return to the house
as soon as they desire; fodder again with straw as
soon a3 they have their feed of turnips consumed,
cleanse out the cowhouse again, and after milking
again at six o'clock, the last fodder is given between
seven and eight o'clock, The litter is carefully
shaken up on their beds eyery time they get fod-
der. As the cows approach calving, a little bean
meal in a mash of steamed or boiled turnips, mixed
with chaff or chopped straw, is given daily to each
cow, and by the time the cow is a week calyed, she
gets half of her allowance of turnips boiled or
steamed, and mixed with chaff, or chopped, and
three and a half pounds of finely ground bean meal
in each mash (given her twice every day.) After
having tried various methods and different sorts of
grain, as oats, wheat, barley, Indian corn, oilcake,
rape, &c., I decidedly prefer bean meal, both for
quantity and quality of milk and butter. These
two mashes are given at about blood heat, being
well mixed and saturated with water. A stock of
cows calyed by April 1st, and receiving this feed-
ing—assuming that all the herd have come to their
proper time of calving—will average about 11 im-
perial quarts each daily, or 28 pounds per cow, I
mention the weight as being the most certain way
of being accurate with new milk, and in speaking
of the quantities of butter or cheese produced bya
stated quantity of milk, it requires to be understood
that milk from newly calved cows does not yield so
much butter or cheese as milk from cows approach-
ing their time of going dry (in proportion to the
weight of milk.) Thus from a stock of cows all
calved by May ist, 260 Ibs. of milk will give 22
Ibs. of cheese ready for the market in the month of
June, while the same quantity of milk from the
Same cow in October will produce 26 Ibs. ready for
the market, and increase in the yield of cheese
from the quantity of milk until the cow goes dry.
The monthly yield of milk in my dairy stands thus :
April. .80 days? yield, 29 Ibe. of milk daily, 840 Ibs,
May.......81 " 30 “ «ggg
June. 30 « 33 * “«& 990 «
July... f:) Sad 26 “ kh a! 806 “*
Augnst....81 « oo « “o o4 ose
September30 « 1s “ “ “ B40
October... 31 ak fia % 434 6
November 30 “ 10 “ Soe % 800 «
December 31 a ¥ roe Pat 1m “
Mili cc nccccecss pens fesecesnrnes 5,646 “
which, allowing 10 Ibs. of milk on an average to
Yield 1 1b. of cheese, will leave as the year’s pro-
duce of each cow 564 1bs, of cheese. This has been
yielded by a dairy of 100 cows on an average, and
and I haye been credibly informed by a farmer in
the high districts of New Cummock, Ayrshire, that
he has made more off each cow; but his stock was
extra good, also his pasture and feeding.”
Manufacture of Oheest—The method of cheese-
making pursued by Mr. MoApaw is known as the
“Dunlop,” and the manner of operation is thus
described :— The previous night’s and morning’s
milk are put together after milking in the morn-
ing, raising the temperature to from 70° to 80°,
using sweet steep, (rennet) and no more of it than
will coagulate the milk in an hour, breaking the
curds thoroughly at first, and after the whey isrun
off keeping up the temperature of the dairy, so as
not to suffer the curd to coo) rapidly, lifting the
curds out of the tub and putting them into a cloth
in a dresser and continuing to cut or break them
up frequently, increasing the weight on them until
they are very firm—six or eight breakings or cut-
tings will suffice generally. Then mill the curd
and salt them, and put it into the cheese press;
having changed it in half an hour, repeat that at
five and nine o'clock, again next morning at five
and ten, and the cheese will be entirely dry and
pressed by one o'clock next day. Thus a cheese
only remains 24 hours under the press, and if prop-
erly attended to the cheese will be easily pressed
and of excellent quality. The principal feature of
difference in the manner of making ‘Cheddar’
cheese, is the raising of the temperature by heated
whey—first, after the curd is broken, to 80° of heat,
and afterwards when the curd has stood an hour,
when it is raised up to 100°. This I consider the
most rational way of getting up the temperature to
free the curd entirely from whey, as it does it most
effectually when properly performed.”
Coax Asnes As A Maxore ror Geass Lanps—
Among American experimentalists coal ashes have
met with little favor in the various tests that have
been made, more, we think, from the fact that they
have been ¢thovgit valueless, than from any proofs
furnished by a well-digested application, Occa-
sionally, writers upon agricultural matters furnish
the press with statements exhibiting their efficacy,
but the mass either pass them by with silence, or
scout at the idea of their possessing any nutriment
calculated to sid in the growth ef vegetation. Itis
stated in Faulkner's Farmers’ Manual, an Bnglish
publication on manures, that coal ashes contain
sulphate of lime, with some potash and soda, all of
which are known, when separately applied, to pro-
duce a good effect on clover crops, and to consti-
tute an important part of the food of all grasses,
We give the following experiment by an English
farmer, because thousands of tuns of these ashes
may be obtained in our cities, and if they are valu-
able it should be generally known, At al) events,
we need whatever light is obtainable upon the sub-
ject of fertilizers :
The ground selected contained three perches of
clover; the first had no manure, and produced
thirty-eight pounds when cut in full head; the
second, where four quarts of sifted coal ashes,
which bad not been exposed to the weather, were
applied, the produce was fifty pounds; onthe third
perch, one quart of plaster was sown, and the crop
weighed fifty-four pounds.
eee
SHEEP TICKS.
Sueer Ticks ave much more numerous, and mors
annoying, than many suppose. Men ofexperience,
with large flocks, generally know ond apply the
necessary remedies, but there aré hundreds of
farmers, whose time and attention are principally
directed to grain growing, &c., and who keep but
a few sheep, whose flocks are sorely troubled by
this parasite, and they never discover the cause of
the evil. This, which we have good reason to
know, was brought particularly to our notice in
recent sojourn among the farmers, and induces
us to lay a few facts before our readers, The
accompanying engraving of the insect in its differ-
ent stages is from the Oyclopedia of Agriculture.
The Sheep Tick or Louse, lives amongst the wool
and is exceedingly annoying to lambs. Their
oval, shining bodies like the pips of small apples,
and similar in color, may be found attached by the
pointed end to the wool, (see engraving fig. 1; fig.
2, the same magnified.) These are not the eggs,
but the pupe, which are laid by the female, and
are at first soft and white. From these issue the
ticks, (fig, 8; fig. 4, the same magnified ;) which
are horny, bristly, and dull ochre; the head is
orbicular, with two dark eyes, (fg. 5,) and a ros-
trum, in front, enclosing three fine curved tubes,
(Gg. 6,) for piercing the skin and sucking the
blood. The body is large, leathery, purse-shaped
and whiteish when alive, and notched at the apex.
The six legs are stout, very bristly, and the feet
are furnished with strong, double claws,
The popular English remedies are—a wash of
arsenic, softsoapand potash; decoction of tobacco;
train oil with spirits of turpentine; and mercurial
ointment.
Ranpatt gives the following details of the best
method of applying tobacco water:—“ Ticks, when
very numerous, greatly annoy and enfeeble sheep
in the winter, and should be kept entirely out of
the flock. After shearing, the heat and cold, the
rubbing and biting of the sheep soon drive off the
tick, and it takes refuge in the long wool of the
lamb. Wait a fortnight after shearing, to allow
all to make this transfer of residence. Then boil
refuse tobacco leaves until the decoction is strong
enough to kill ticks beyond a peradventure, This
may be readily tested by experiment, Five or six
pounds of cheap plug tobacco, or an equivalent in
stems, &c., may be made to answer for 100 lambs.
._ |
The decoction is poured into a deep, narrow box,
kept for this purpose, and which has an inclined
shelf one side, covered with a wooden grate, as
shown in the cut, One man holds the lamb by the
hind legs, another clasps the fore-legs in one hand,
and shuts the other about the nostrils to preyent
the liquid entering them, and then the lamb is
entirely immersed. It is immediately lifted out,
laid on one side on the grate, and the water
squeezed out of its wool. It is then turned oyer
aod squeezed on the other side, The grate con-
ducts the fluid back into the box. If the Jambs
are regularly dipped every year, ticks will never
trouble a flock,”
—+o+
WHEAT CULTURE.—TIME OF SOWING.
Eps. Rurat:—As the season for wheat sowing is
rapidly approaching, it may not be inopportune to
call for an expression in reference to the best time
for accomplishing this work. Farmers differ in
their practice in this respect, as in others. How
can we arrive at correct conclusions here, unless
we compare the results of our experience?
My own thoughts have been more particularly
directed to the subject, for the past few days, in
consequence of noticing carnest recommendations
on the part of advisers to “sow early,” in the hope
of being able thus to measurably avoid the ravages
of the midge. The propriety of this advice I am
led to doubt. What shall we understand by early
sowing? Perhaps we shall notagree on this point,
and so shed ink in vain. The adyice to “sow
early” is quite general in its torms, and admits of
a number of precise dates. The swift man, who
has been in the habit of scattering his grain the
last of August, will conclude that he must sow as
Soon as the middle of that month; while the slow
man, who has heretofore congratulated himself on
seeing his wheat committed tothe soil about the
middle of October, will conclude that he must put
on a little more steam and sow the first of October.
This will be the practical effect of the injunction to
sow early, left in general terms.
Personally, I have been in the habit of consider-
ing the last days of August or first of September,
as early seeding-time; the middle of September as
the medium time; and the last days of September
or first of October as late seeding time. Now, is
this the view of those who recommend early sow-
ing? If so, let us reason together. Suppose
we sow a piece of ground the first day of Septem-
her, and another piece of the same ground the
twentieth of September. Will there be twenty
days difference inthetimeofripening? Will there
be one-fifth of that time? I doubt if there will be
one-tenth, or two days difference in the time of
ripening in ordinary seasons. I say I doudt it,
simply because I do notwish to speak dogmatically,
having never brought the test of direct experiment.
Tjudge from such facts as these: An individual
in my immediate vicinity sowed a piece of sand
and gravel soil (a quick-soil) the last week in last
August; I sowed a piece of heavy soil betiveen the
15th and 20th of September. My wheat ripened,
for aught I could see, as soon a3 his. I com-
menced cutting a day or two soonest. I have
noticed other similar cases. Now, do we really
get o materially earlier ripening of the crop by
early sowing? This question I would like to see
disoussed. ; E
Wheat raising, to 8 majority of cultivators, isa
precarious business. Understand, Idonot say this
is necessarily so. There are Scyllas and Carybdis.
In steoring clear of one we are liable to swamp on
the other. Ifwe sow early wo risk the liability of
an attack of the “fly’’—an enemy to be dreaded as
much as the midge, judging from their operations
in this locality. If we sow early we are liable to
get too large a growth in the fall, rendering the
crop more easily affected by the contingencies of
winter—smothering, winter-killing, heaving, etc.,
—contingencies which may never arise in some
localities, or when ground is properly prepared by
draining, etc. Butwe are considering the ordinary
processes of cultivation,
I know two wealthy farmers, owning adjoining
farms, who summer-fallowed each a field—adjoin-
ing fields—and sowed to wheat. One sowed the
last week in August, and reaped a miserable crop.
The other, though fully ready, waited until the
15th of September. The last reaped an excellent
crop. An energetic farmer, near me, sowed apiece
of ground from which he should have taken 25
bushels per acre, the last of August or first of
September last. He bas just threshed his crop,
and obtained ten bushels per acre. He ascribes
his loss to early sowing. These, it will be said,
are isolated cases. I could name many more,.—
Still they do not make acase. They simply make
an indication. But as far as my experience and
observation have gone, early sowing is rather
hazardous, and that the best time, taking one sea-
on with another, and considering all the exigen-
cies of the crop, will be found from the 15th to the
20th of September. Farmers, what say you
Corunna, Shiawasee Co,, Mich. G. M. Reynotps.
——EE
TIME OF SOWING WINTER WHEAT,
Mr. Moore:—You wished to know why I was
opposed to early sowing of wheat, and I sball en-
deayor to make you understand. When I sow
early, on rich land, and we have a growing Autumn,
T have often found the main stalk and many of the
Strongest shoots had formed the first or upper
joint and an embryo ear formed also; and when
we have a very hard winter (say the thermometer
sometimes from 12 to 20° below zero,) those embryo
ears get killed or frost-bitten so that the stalk
grows up small, like Timothy, only getting about
two fect in height and not producing an ear or
head of any kind, not even chess. Ithink my farm,
having a southern and western exposure, is more
liable to have the snow blown off, hence more
liable to be damaged in that way than land other-
wise exposed. Ihaye talked with wheat growers
who have raised more wheat than ever I did, who
never heard or thought of such a thing as the ear
being formed and above ground in the fall, and
would, I suppose, have thought it incredible had I
not taken them to the field and dissected a plant
and shown the ear in embryo, which is sometimes
not larger than the point of the finest needle and
sometimes as long as the finest needle, With #
bright sun and good young eyes, or old eyes with
the best kind of spectacles, one can see it is the
ear, and see marks where the grain is tobe formed,
and with a microscope it can be seen very dis-
tinctly. May not this be the cause of those black
heads in wheat without either chaff or grain?—
Other years we have a great many ears with half
an inch or more on the top having no grain. May
not this be produced in the same way? When I
sow about the 20th of September I never have
those black ears without chaff or grain, I have
Seen none of those in the Mediterranean wheat,
but I never raised much of it nor never gave it the
attention I have the White wheat. It is some-
what singular that in swales, or low black soils,
where wheat grows much largest in the fall, these
embryo ears are not so plenty (if at all) as on up-
land that is made rich by manure.
This I think will be something new to farmers,
and no doubt will be criticised, but let them exam-
ine carefully for themselves. It is rather a nice
~ operation to dissect the stalk, it requiring care not
to break off the little ear. I would give my mode
of dissection if I thought I could make myself
fully understood, Dissecting one will show how
wonderfully Nature has protected the ear in an
embryo state. The joint will be difficult to find to
those who never dissected one, but in pulling
down the outer coating they will generally break
off at the joint, and good eyes will then detect it,
Joux Jounstoy,
Near Goneva, N, Y., 20th August, 1859,
ge
BEES,— REPLY TO MR, BRAIL,
Tue “last snow,” I hardly think, had anything
to do with the loss of his three swarms, It is
quite common for some few stocks to lose their
queens in the course of the winter, (about three
per cent,) and such are quite sure to desert the
first warm days in spring, and join some other,—
Probably Mr. B. did not notice this at the time, and
only found it ont a few days afterward.
His nothaving swarms up to June 18this nothing
remarkable, During the time that I have kept bees,
Lhave waited several times till July before getting
4 swarm, and many more times till after the 20th
of June, Ina few seasons I have had swarms in
May, sometimes as early as the middle. The earli-
‘st Seasons are not always the best in the produc-
Hoe of honey,
or making wax, he says:—‘ We generall.
Place the comb in a coffee ons put ina res Ket.
tle, and sink it by putting on weights, the wax
rising on the top; but it is always of a very dark
color, and not fit for market,” This is just the
Process that I would recommend for getting out
small quantites, only I would put the weights in-
side with the combs ; it will allow the contents to
bostirred about, and hasten the Process, I cannot
account for the dark color unless jt should be in
the sack, or bad condition of the combs — mouldy
otherwise, The interstices of a coffee gack may
too large for the purpose—letting through
Ay —but I hardly think that could affect the
Qorxny,
MOORK’S RURAL NEW-
ABOUT WINTERING STOCK.—CUT FEED.
Exrenrence and observation unfold to view
things of opposite natures. And in many cases
this is wise and just. We learn wisdom from the
foolishness of others. We prize virtue, when wit-
neasing manifestationsof vice. Itmay be thought
that this is not necessary: that goodness and de-
pravity—wisdom and foolishness, need not always
exist in a state of co-partnersbip, from necessity.
But this is a Theological question, which at pres-
ent Ido not mean to discuss. It is true wisdom
that profits by the follies of others, and which, by
making a right use of just means, creates a good
instead of perpetuating an evil.
The above sage and exceedingly philosophical
remarks, owe their existence to few reflections
concerning the shortness (in this vicinity,) of the
grass crop, and the difficulty which some farmers
will experience in wintering their cattle. Some of
them increased their stock last spring by raising
and buying, and now find themselves with more
than they can keep— as, with many, only half the
usual crop of hay was secured. Barley straw has
been emphatically short, and what the oat crop
will be in this respect, cannot bo stated, exactly.—
Wheat has done yery well, generally speaking,
with regard to straw. In thinking the matterover
Thaye arrived at the conclusion that there is not
any very great cause of alarm, providing the right
thing is done in the right way. And here let me
say that I am not giving your readers the benefit
of a new discovery, but only urging upon their at-
tention an old and valued one, that has been tried
in the balances and found to be all it was repre-
sented. This right thing is, a practice of cutting
hay and straw in fine portions, and mixing there-
with sufficient quantities of meal to insure its con-
sumption. Observation has led me to feel a con-
yiction of the practicability, economy and wisdom
of such a practice. It should be adopted into the
details of Agricultural Economy, and every farmer
should realize the necessity of cutting his hay, as
well as cutting his grass.
In speaking to some farmers concerning this
subject, I have been met by the same antiquated
ejaculation which has sought to kill so many valu-
able improvements—“It won't Pay.” 0! how
this exclamation, like the embodied ghost of old
fogyism, throws its chilling, death-like influence
around the form of investigation, and prevents the
introduction of tried benefits. I had an oppor-
tunity last winter of witnessing the operations of
® wont-payite, and I am confident that in feeding
forty head of cattle by the old process of scatter-
ing hay here and there over his barn-yard and
around his fields, enough of it was wasted or re-
mained un-eaten, to have kept three cows in good
condition. Now what is wanted is, an improve-
ment in the construction of barns, go that all cat-
tle can be fed from troughs — fed with cut feed.—
If this is not convenient, sheds can be erected to
answer the purpose, and then we want cutting ma-
chinery driven by horse power, so that we can cut
up a whole crop of hay and straw, and have it
ready for use when wanted, Would not this be
more cheap and economical than any other way?
Then with a large mixing box, (where necessary,)
and such grain as we feed, ground and carefully
mixed with our cut hay or straw, shall we not be
enabled to feed more cattle with less food than by
the ordinary wasteful methods, and still keep them
better? Iknow not whether such machines as I
have spoken of, have been invented. Neither do I
know whether this plan has not been suggested or
carried into execution. If it has, I make no doubt
that it pays, If it has not, I find no greater pro-
portion of doubt while asserting that it eoi// pay.
If the old practices are followed throughout this
winter, many poor cattle will come out in the
spring looking as if they had been starved through
it, Friends, cut your fodder. We have not got,
among us, the machines spoken of, but you can all
obtain small machines that will answer. Cut up
everything that you feed, grind your corn, cob and
all, and sprinkle enough on your cut fodder to
make it agreeably eatable; and unless I am mis-
taken you will find that you can winter your cat-
heads large and well filled—a good crop. But
very little attempt was made to raise winter wheat,
I know of but one field, and most of that was killed
by the June frost, Some fields of winter rye were
sown, but met with the same fate. Burley and
outs are fair average crops—oats Were quite exten-
sively sown. Potatoes never looked better; de-
spite the frost, which “laid them low,” they are
very thrifty, and will probably, if the blight does
not appear, (it has not yet,) be a good crop.
The corn prospect looksratherdubious, Nothing
short of an extraordinary full will insure anything
of acrop, and even then not an average one by
far. Many pieces were plowed up and sowed with
buckwheat, which looks very well as a general
thing; now and then a piece, however, nearly
destroyed by grasshoppers. If the full is fayora-
ble, a good crop may be expected. Lovers of
buckwheat “slap-jacks” and maple molasses may
safely calculate upon feasting, to their heart's, or
rather stomach’s content, upon their favorite diet,
Spesking of grasshoppers — Ob, what hosts,
myriads, legions there are of them! Why,
Xerxes’ army was nothing compared to them;
and they are so perfectly lawless and ill-mannered
—stepping or hopping right in before tho cattle,
appropriating the feed to the preservation of their
unwelcome existences, and depriving stock of the
means of subsistence. Carrots, corn, clover, and
even May-weeds and tansy are levied upon to sat-
isfy the cravings of their voracious appetites.
We are in hopes that lice, cholera, plague, or epi-
demic of some kind will attack them, and thin
their ranks, if not completely destroy them.
Is there no way of killing off woodchucks short
of hunting and shooting, or trapping them? Can
not a way of poisoning them be devised that will
accomplish the object? It seems to me there
might. Will some one answer? They are a
great annoyance to us who live on theriver bottom.
Will winter barley, after heading out and being
killed by the frost, then heading out again and
harvested, be good for seed? Will it be as good
as of the first heading? We have a piece which
was so killed, about a quarter of which ogain
headed out and matured ; heads rather short, but
very tolerably plump. Some Rurat correspondent
tells of sowing spring barley in the fall; I would
like to hear more upon that subject. 1.3. Me
Fillmore, N. Y., Aug. 11, 1359,
tee
SEEDING T0 GRASS.
Eps, Rona :—Your correspondent of July 9th
wanted light on the subject of seeding to grass.
Now I will tell him how we do herein old Dutchess.
In the first place we plow the ground good, and
spread over it fine rotted barnyard manure. Then
harrow the earth till it becomes well pulverized,
The seed is then sown, using 10 to 12 quarts to the
acre. We then take a light roller and’pass over
the surface. The proper time for sowing is from
the middle of August to the middle of September.
If you wish a crop of grass, sow no grain. I think
that if H. J. B. follows these directions he will
have good luck, unless his ground is very poor,
cold and wet, in which ease it will require drain-
ing.—G. H. B., Dutches#%o,, N. ¥., Aug. 1859.
Eps, Rurac:—A word more by way of amend-
ment, to H. J. B., on preparing grass seed. On
Friday last, in preparing seed to sow on stubble, I
met with a difficulty which I had not encountered
before. The air was hot and humid, and the brined
seed was not inclined to dry, even when the plaster
was added ; the salt and paster both, as I suppose,
inclined to attract moisture under the then state of
the atmosphere; (had it been my first attempt, I
think I should have given itup, and called it a bad
job.) All my former preparations haye been made
in cool weather, and mostly in a stove room,
Again, under a humid atmosphere, I would use
less brine.—J. H., Henrietta, N. ¥., Aug. 15.
e+
THE GREAT WOOL FAIR.—A SUGGESTION,
Eps. Runat:—Noticing the recent great sale of
wool at enormous prices, at the Wool Growers’
tle at much less cost, without buying hay at $18
or $20 a tun in the spring, without selling your
stock at low figures during this fall, and without
“‘stinting and pinching,” two cows on the scanty
supply of one. It will cost you something to fit
up for this method, but make a calculation about
it, and “get into it” someway or other. Try it,
if only for one season. Agitate the subject con-
cerning those machines, find out what they will
cost, and get up a mutual combination society to
build one. Let us hear something concerning this
matter, from those more able to give information
than one who is at present but an amateur farmer.
Ogden, Monroe Oo,, N. Y., 1859. W.£E. 5.
——
A RURAL LETTER ON VARIOUS TOPICS.
Frresp Runau:—Last night, spurred up by
strong indications of rain at no very distant time,
we succeeded in clearing the barley field, drew in
what oats were fit to bind, and cleared up things
generally for a wetting-up time. And to-day we
are taking it in a sweet, gentle, delightful rain,
(The same adjectives are equally applicable to the
rest we are enjoying after a protracted season of
hard “field work.”) How refreshing, after such
very hot and sultry days as we have had the past
week, to have a half or whole day's gentle rain,
copiously watering the parched earth, starting the
feed in dry pastures, and re-animating the face of
Nature generally. How much more pleasant and
refreshing it seems, however, when we have no
grain to be injured, or hay to be bleached—when
everything is properly housed and sheltered.
Rural letters, 1 suppose, should treat of rural
affairs; well, then, here goes for the crops in “Old
Allegany.” Grass is light, and will probably be
not more than half a crop in bulk, and that half
of an inferior quality; but ¢Ais is much better
than in the dairy section west of us, where, I am
told, hundreds of acres will not pay the trouble of
cutting, and as ® consequence cows are offered and
are selling very cheap—1 am credibly informed
from eight to fifteen dollars per head. Indeed,
were it not for machine mowing, acres after acres
would go uncut, the small products of which are
now safely secured and sheltered,
Spring wheat generally looks well; straw bright,
Conyention, at Cleveland, Ohio, the question in
my mind is, Where was all that enormous quan-
tity of wool grown? And whyshould not Western
New York have a place for deposit—a Wool Grow-
ers’ Convention, and a time appointed for a public
sale, where farmers can deposit their wool and
attend the sale, if they choose?— where manufac-
turers can attend personally if they choose, and see
for themselves what they purchase, instead of em-
ploying local or itinerant agents, who may take
advantage of some farmers who don’t take the
papers, and fleece them if they can—and the wool
has sometimes to pass through several hands be-
fore it reaches the manufacturer—all of whom must
make a profit, and thus the wool grower is fleeced,
if not the manufacturer.
Among the seventeen gentlemen who made large
purchases at the above sale, there seems to have
been but one agent—n Mr. Hurcminson. It is pre-
sumed the other purchasers from Boston, Rhode
Island, Pittsfield, Pittsburg, &c., were owners or
manufacturers, I hope some able pen will do this
subject justice. S. Pierson,
Le Roy, N. ¥., Aug,, 1859.
ee
Gares 1x Cuscxens.—Dough, raised with milk
rising, is a sure and safe remedy for gapes in
chickens, fed while fermenting, but while still
sweet. I learned the cure in this wise, We had
some choice China chickens which contracted the
disease, and tried every remedy that came to our
knowledge, but all to no purpose. In petting
them I Jet my bread run over, and when they
could not eat any thing else, I gave them what had
fallen, and found they were almost immediately
relieved. I have since set milk emptyings and
carried out a panful of fermented dough to my
chickens, when twenty or thirty had the gapes,
and not one that eat of it but was cured, WhenI
Season their food with salt, as for cooking, they
neverhaye the gapes, I write from an experience
of six or eight years, in answer to C. Burxiey's
inquiry in the Runan.—H. Gavin, Greenfield, Lrie
Co. Pa, 1859.
——___+
Ler the farmer’s motto be, good farms, good
stock, good seed, and good caltivation,
Rural Spirit of the Press.
The Wheat Midge in Canada.
Mr. Joux Wave, an experienced farmer who
resides near Port Hope, C. W., writes to the To-
ronto Globe (under date of Aug. 4th) as follows:—
“I wish to ayail myself of a small space in your
widely circulated paper, to say a few words about
the wheat midge (Cecidomyia Tritica.) Prof. Hind,
in his prize essay, did me the honor to notice a
communication I addressed to the Canadian Agri-
culturist in September, 1856. Quoting a passage
from that letter with regard to the wheat midge, I
stated at that time ‘that the Fife wheat is now as
good after being sown seven years os it was at
first, without the least sign or vestige of failure, in
apy shape except from Weevil: and to know that
you can be sure of a crop of wheat sown as lateas
the 10th of June, and to fill and ripen without a
speck of rust, and yield 20 to 30 bushels an acre,
is scarcely a consideration,’
“What I stated in 1856 with a considerable
degree of confidence, has been, I rejoice to say,
fully borne out by three years more experience,—
And what I would like to bring before the public
at this time is a theory I entertained seven years
ago, and which in my mind is fully established—
that the ravages of the midge are confined to
about 10 days; and that Fall wheat which has
shot before the 25th of June, has for all this time
comparatively escaped ; while both Fall and Spring
wheat shooting between the 25th of June and the
7th of July, has been more or less injured; and
then the Spring wheat coming in after that time
has escaped the midge,
“T will now give you the result of my observa-
tions for the present season, in this vicinity. The
midge was first perceived on the wing on the 27th
June, and in that shape till the 7th of July. All
wheat in head before the 27th of Juve, was not
much injured; while all which shot between the
27th of June and the 7th of July, bas much of the
maggot in it. A neighbor has a field of Club
wheat sown in the second week of April, clear of
insect; while another piece of land sown with
Fife at the same time is full of it. This is account-
ed for by the Club being ten days earlier in matu-
ring. Ihave visited several fields in this neigh-
borhood within the last two or three days. One
field sown on the 8d of May, will be damaged
nearly 25 per cent.; another sown en the sth,
willsuffer about 20 per cent.; and all I have yet
seen which was sown after the 12th, is clear alto-
gether. I send you these few particulars, with the
hope that it will draw the farmers to make closer
observations, as to time and the habits of those
enemies of our crops, than they are generally in
the habit of doing; having myself more faith in
evading the mischief than curing it, by trying to
destroy the insects themselves,”
Saving Clover Seed.
A Tennessee Farmer, writing to the Southern
Homestead in relation to the saving of clover seed,
say “T can assure you that the difficulties of
saying clover seed are principally imaginary; the
process is simple and easy. After the clover field
has been cut or grazed let the second crop come
on. When about two-thirds of the heads have
turned brown, cut with a cradle or reaping ma-
chine, raised well up, turning the grass into
double swaths to cure. When cured, rake up in
the morning, while the dew is on, into convenient
parcels for loading with a pitchfork, and as soon
as all the danger for heating is obviated, get under
shelter, either in the barn or protect itin the field.
“Be careful not to put it away while any moist-
ure remains on the plants; and on the other hand,
don’t handle it rudely when very dry, when you
don’t want the seed to full, for in that condition
the heads shatter very easily. Having sheltered
it, you may wait, if you choose, till winter affords
leisure for threshing out, Sow in the chaff, as it
is more certain than the cleaned seed. A bushel
in the chaff will abundantly seed an acre. I may
say more of sowing, however, at a more seasonn-
ble date,
“The second crop produces more seed than the
first, and hence the economy of first cutting or
grazing the field; though from that cut for hay,
Ihave often saved enough seed for my own use,
It is believed that more seed may be sayed by cut-
ting when about two-thirds of the heads have
turned brown than at any other period, because, if
cut sooner, too many seeds are unripe, and if
later, too many shatter out of the beads in cutting
and handling. By pursuing this course every
farmer may easily save his own seed.”
=e
Hints on Poor Farming.
A weex or two ago we gave the “Creed” of
the Progressive Farmer, and to-day present its
opposite, which we find on a yoyage among the
newspapers :
st, Invest all your capital in land and ran in
debt for more,
2d. Hire money to stock your farm.
8d. Have no faith in your business, and be al-
ways ready to sell out.
4th, Buy mean cows, spayined horses, poor
oxen, and cheap tools.
5th, Feed bog hay and mouldy corn stover ex-
clusively, in order to keep yourstocktame. Fiery
cattle are terribly hard on old, rickety wagons and
plows.
6th. Use the oil of hickory freely whenevor your
oxen need strength. It is cheaper than hay or
meal, keeps the hair lively, and pounds out all the
grubs.
7th. Select such calves for stock as the butcher
shuns; beauties of runts, thin in the hams, and
pot-bellied, but be sure and keep their blood thin
with scanty herbage. Animals are safest to breed
from that haven't strength to herd.
Sth, Be cautious in the manufacture of manures,
It makes the fields look black and mourntul about
planting time, besides it isa great deal of work to
haal it. .
9th. Never waste time in setting out fruit and
shade trees. Fruit and leaves rotting around a
place make it unhealthy.
The road to poor farming, though largely tray-
eled, is not well understood, and these landmarks
are thrown up for the common benofit.
Agricultural Miscellany.
Tux Dayton Wunat.—Thoop
% this variety of whoat
umber
has been grown by quitea a) farmers io this
and Genesee counties the past year, nor one, po fir is
wo aro aware, bas reported the result for publication {
From this we Jofer that tho parties interested are oithor
disnppointed in the resnlt, or are opposed to imparting
information for the benefit of their fellow ‘cultivators,
We had hoped to give, ere seeding time, some deflatte
reports from reliable sources, as to yield, quality, &o,
but haye thus far received nothing definite on these
points.
— Aftor tho above paragraph was In type (aod while
closing this papor for the press) wo received a note from
Exisna Harmon, Esq. of Wheatland, relative to his
crop of Dayton whent—and also a letter addressed to
him by an experienced miller of that town, Mr. Hreaw
Saari We quote Mr, Harwox’s note, as follows: —" I
am now threshing my Dayton wheat, After making a
reasonable deduction for the damage done by frost,
(which in the Jadgment of those whovhelped harvest it
was from one-fourth to one-third,) I now think that I
shall get from twenty-five to thirty bushels per acro—
while my neighbors’ fields adjoining mino, that were
good summor fallows, of other kinds of wheat, will not
turn over fifteen, and very few crops in this town wilt
average more than that—eome flelds less than ten, E
think, all things being equal, that it will yield from five
to ton bushels more than any other variety, and of a
much botter quality than any of the early kinds that
have been introduced here Istely, Tho extreme warm
Weather, and frequent showers during oir harvest,
somewhat injared the color.”"——In bis letler to Mr,
Hanson, Mr, Saurm says:—“I am much pleased with
the sample of Dayton wheat which I recelyod from
you. Tnoticed it when passing your flelds, juat before
harvest—that it was earlier than any other varioty, I
am satisfled that the quality is much better than any of
the early varieties that have been grown here. I think
that It ta quite as white as the Soules was whon first
ralsed bere. If I am not very much mistaken it will
make doublo extra Genesee Flour, and if ao it will bo
a valuable kind of whest, both for farmers and millers,
and I hope to seo it very genorally cultivated in Weat-
ern New York.”
Amentoan InstivuTe Fate —The 91st Annual Fair
of the American Inetitute will be held im the Palace
Garden, New York, commencing on the 2tst of Sept
and closing on the 28th of October, 1859. Goods wilt
be received from the 15th to the 20th of Septomber;
and exhibitors will be allowed five days, after tho 1st of
November, to remove their articles from the promises,
Tho Managers announce that the articles will bo
arranged with promptness—that great efforts will be
made to secure competent and disinterested Judges to
examine and report upon every article offered for com-
petition—and that Premiums of Gold, Silver and Bronze
Medals, Silver Cups, Books and Diplomas, will bo
awarded to Exhibitors of articles decided to be worthy
of the same, For particular {nformation relative to the
Pair, address Wa. B. Lzonanp, Now York.
‘Tre State Fare,—The Albany Journal says the
work on the State Fair Grounds is progressing rapidly,
and that the exhibition buildings are alroady far ad-
anced. Application haying been made by parties for
the erection of buildings on the Show Grounds, at their
own expense, the committee on the arrangement of the
grounds have been directed to assign places for such
bulldings—to be erected upon such plan as shall bo
approved of bythem. The Railroads and Steamboats
‘ill, as usual, carry free all articles designed for oxhi-
bition at the Fair. The Executive Committee are of
opinion, from what they already know, that tho ap-
proaching Pair will be one of tho very best the Society
has ever held. The New England States, beeauso of
the facilities for reaching the locality, will be largoly
represented.
Ao’t Fare or Tu Anentosn Ixstitote.—Tho Board
of Agriculture of the American Institute announce a
a Grand Show of Horses, Neat Cattle, Sheep, Swing,
Poultry, Ag. Implements, &o., together with a great
Exhibition by the New York Horticultaral Soclety, to
be held at Hamilton Park, in New York City, on tho
2ist, 22d and 28d daysofSeptemberproximo. A liberal
list of premiums bas been issued, and such arrange-
ments made as will be likely to insure a large and
successful Exhibition. Large discretionary premiums
are offered for Steam Plows and other Steam Farm
Machinery. The location is ssid to be tho best for tho
purpose in the city, and the union with the Horticultural
Society will be likely to attract thousands of visitors
who would not attend either show, if held separately.
A Straw Ovurry ator has recently been constructed
at the “Island Werks” of Sirssy, Mynpzusx & Co,
Seneca Falls, N. Y., for Mr. Freup of St. Louls. The
machine bas already been tried to geome extent, satis-
factorily to the inventor and practical mon who havo
witnessed its operation. It {s desjgned to perform tho
work of plowing, harrowing and sowing (by the drilling
process,) all at one operation. The machine is of pon-
derous size, mounted on three wheels, and propelled
by Honty’s Rotary Engine. After a public trial—to
take place near Seneca Falls, in afew days, (and which
wo shall probably witness and notice,) —the Cultivator
is to be taken to Illinois, where it wili compete for the
great premium offered for the best steam plow exhibited
at tho Lilinols State Fair.
Tum Eanty Rive Wueat.—A farmer in Pickaway
county, Ohio, bas been growing specimens of tho
“arly Ripe” wheat, and sent samples to the Ohio
Cultivator, containing 114 grains in each head. In bis
remarks the editor alludes to thia and other varloties as
follows:—The wheat called Early Ripe 1s the kind
also known as Whig, Dayton, &c., but the real name,
we think, is bald Mediterranean. The Early Ripe has
but three kernels in aside course, while this has five
‘Tho yellow and red chaff samples are both of the same
species, only one 1s a lighter colored, from the offecls
of cultivation, It is the tendency of all red wheats 0
become whiter by cultivation.”
Nusnee or Szzps iN A Busnet.—A Scotch paper
gives the following table, sald to be based upon actual
trials, of the number of various kinds of seods in &
bushel. It also adds the weight, by which we can Judge
how the the bushel measures compare with ours:
x No. of Ibs.
DOr per bush.
H,000 58 to 64
<1 15,400 43 to 56
20,000 83 to 43
23,000 56 to 60
r 000
Tarnip (Renol 165,' pa
Turnip (Cornish Holdfast).. 28900) 20 10 50
Gabba ocecoh eMtey) ead) 128,000 oo
coloh
Cabbage (Dramnoad 3av0y) 111,000 10
Clover (Red). «. webs
Cloyer (White). arta gs
Rye Mie N aapoiy a0 i FH
ass (
Beet vernal Grass.
—
= dety usod oF
dling to wheat—whatever the var!
‘ad soot owing—remember that good, well-prepared
soll, and clean sced are important essentials.
t meeting of the Genesee Valley
Pia was held in Rochester on
Friday, the 19th inst The show of fruits and
flewera was the best made this season, with the
exception of the Jane exhibition. The next show
will be made September 23d, and this will be no
doubt the best of the season. In the fruit depart-
ment was shown fine summer pears, and apples,
plums and blackberries, The Jed Astrachan took
the prize offered for the best dish of early apples.
The prizes were mostly taken by amateurs, B.
Manvevhaying the prizeon apples, Danie. Marsu
for the best dish of plums, (Prince's /mperial Gage,)
James Bucan for the best pears, CO, W. Ses.re
for the best New Rochelle Blackberries. Messrs.
Bisset & Saxten also received a prize for Black-
berries of almost equal merit, and Lyman Cook
for a quart of native blackberries cultivated in his
garden and exceedingly fine. Messrs. Brsseuu &
Sauter exbibited a buach of early grapes, nearly
ripe—a very early native variety grown in this
vicinity, and which we have noticed for several
years ripe about the first of September.
The Floral Department was rich in boquets,
floral ornaments and flowers. Messrs, A. Frost
& Co, made the best and largest show, aud good
exbibitions were made by C. J. Rran & Co., and
G. W. Seeryz.
The Vegetable Department was not as well rep-
resented as it should be, P. Trenvan exbibited
splendid tomatoes, and took the premium; Gro.
Cooper carried off the prizes for vegetable eggs
and sweet corn. E.8, Harwanp exbibited about
a peck of tomatoes, mostly ripe, growing on a
single stem. We counted over thirty, and then
gave up. W. T. Kensepy presented six white
Pine Apple Squashes, very fine. Jawes Viox ex-
hibited o very early seedling potato, which the
Committee, having tested it by cooking, declared
to be equal in quality to the Carter, Merican, or
Mercer.
——____+e+
BLACKBERRIES AND CABBAGE.
Ens, Rurat :—I have in cultivation a few of the
native Black Raspherry bushes, which yield a good
return, and the Fellow Antwerp, which is doing
well; but the /astol#f and Franconia, although
they increase and spread rapidly, only give now
and then a straggling, worthless berry. Why is
it? I sbull set more of the Native Black next
&pring, after Mr. Dooxirrur’s plan. By the way,
Mr, Kvrron, I think those who do not take
Rurar are Josing money every year. That single
article giving Mr. Doorrrrre’s system of cultivaty
ing the native raspberry, is worth more to me than
the price of the Runax for one year. But, I haye
just returned from the woods with a pail of black-
berries, ard while there, on this hot, sultry August
day, sweating ond scrambling through the brush
and brambles, which are not slow in leaving
“tokens of remembrance,” the thought occurred to
me, whether it would not pay better to raise my
own blackberries,
And now I wish to inquire through the Ruran
if the native blackberry will succeed, and pay for
cultivation on our Michigan oak-openings where
the soil isa sandy loam? Has any one had expe-
rience? If so, please give us the modus operandi
of setting, and the after-cultare,
You say, Mr. Editor, that the “Oxy Garpexer”
is a great talker when he gets started, Why then
can’t we have more of his garrulity in the Ronan?
I, for one, would like a chapter from his valuable
experience every week, And now, to set him a
going, I would inquire what I shall do to diminish
the number of heads on my Cabbage? There are
more than the stalks can well support. Thoy arein
the shape of dice, and are something new to me, hay-
ing nover seen any on the cabbage before. My
cabbage, within a few days, have begun to rot con-
Siderable. We are having a drouth, and I don’t
know whether to lay the rotting to the dry weather,
or the lice, or something else. When calves get
lousy it is attributed to want of care, food, &c,.—
Now I don’t think my cabbages can complain on
that score, for they had the best of nursery care,
and before turning them out into the wide world,
the ground was well prepared. Holes were dug,
and a big shovelful of compost, consisting of hog-
pen and hen-house manure, ashes, pulverized
coal, &o,, thrown into each, The dirt was then
thrown in, thoroughly incorporated with the ma-
nure, and raked off smoothly, leaving the hills
slightly elevated. The culture, since setting, has
Sonsisted—not in contending with weeds, for under
Ty mode of treatment not a weed has dared to in-
Vado the ground—but in continued stirring, pul-
Vorlzing and loosening the soil to the depth of six
or eight inches, And now, Mr. “ Ganpener,”
under the premises, whatis your verdict? guilty or
not guilty, You
Prospoet Lako, Mich., Herat, NG GarpeNer,
a=
Rewarss pr “Oup Ganvexen,””
question, but as a general rule,
gtown much cheaper than they oq;
from the hedges and neglected tlds, and aa
better quality, but then “ Boing-a-blackborrying”
is a good deal like “going-a-fishing.” 1¢ is alux-
ury, indulged in for the fun of the thing, and not
for the profit, How many ride five or ten miles,
Perbaps hire a carriage for the Purpose, then pay
for a boat, burn their faces, spoil their clothes, and
Spend n day’s time, and get a string a fish that no
ne Would be fool enough to pay twenty-five cents
for. So with blackberrying—in o few places they
Fase 4nd good, but asa goneral thing the
a mn NOt pay for the damage done the clothes;
ut iDnocent pleasures, that keep the heart young,
and drive from it the din i
cheap at almost any price ig cares of life, are
lackberries—our
—There is no
blackberries can be
Now, Bi common blackberries
DOUBLE WHITE PETUNIA.
Aut our readers are acquainted with that com-
mon and truly useful bedding plant, the Peton1a.
Though very showy, of every shade from dark-red
and purple, and constant, free bloomers, making
the garden look gay and bright from the first of
June until cut down by the frosts of of Autumn,
no double flower was produced until a few years
ago, The French first raised a double white,
which they named Jmperialis, which is shown in
the engraving, and since that an Englishman by
the aid of this variety with some of the best dark
single sorts, has succeeded in obtaining a number
of very fine double flowers, of all colors, from
white to crimson.
The beauty and value of the Petunia, however,
is not in the beauty of the single flower; to be
appreciated it must be seen in masses, with abun-
dance of flowers and a fine arrangement of colors.
To-day there is nothing more beautiful on the
lawn than a fine bed of Petunias.
from the hedges—may be so improved by cultiya-
tion as to grow to double the common size, and of
the most delicious flavor, very far superior in this
respect to the New Jochelle, At the last meeting
of the Genesee Valley Horticultural Society, a quart
of common, but cultivated blackberries was shown
by & gentleman, and the Committee on Fruit was
so well pleased with them that they awarded him
® special premium—and it was well deseryed.—
They were about half the size of the New Rochelle
exhibited at the same time, but vastly superior in
flavor.
A sandy loam soil is the very best for the black-
berry, and it should be rich to produce fine fruit.
‘The after culture is much the same as for the rasp-
berry. Keep the ground mellow and the weeds
killed, and fasten the bearing canes to stakes, or
what would be better a light wire%rellis, made by
fastening wire to posts well driven into the ground,
There is a great difference in our native blackber-
Ties, and it would be a good plan to mark the plants
needed, when in fruit, so as to be sure you get the
best sorts.
Cabbage has two sets of enemies, very numerous
and very troublesome—the little fly or flea that at- }
tacks them when they are quite small and the
louse. The former may be driven off by the per-
severing use of ashes, and soot, but I like charcoal
dust better than either. Perseverance, however,
is needed with either, or it will do no good. The
louse described above, like most of its kind, whether
upon animal or vegetable, generally attacks the
feeble, the stunted, the declining—on the samerule
I suppose that men when they see their fellows in
trouble—going down hill,—are yery fond of giving
them a kick to help them along in their journey,
But sometimes when stunted and sickly plants
cannot be found they attack the healthy, There{s
only one kind or so of insects or animals on this
earth nasty enough to stand tobacco well. Start-
ing with this fact, my first remedy with all new in-
Sects is a dose of strong tobacco water. If they
stand that, I think they are pretty hard cases, A
few doses made from strong plug tobacco which
can be bought at any country store, will relieve
your cabbage of the louse,
The norxo I tink is caused by over-growth—
too rich feeding. A good many years ago I would
have used some other word for think, but I have
learned how easy it is to be mistaken, and how
mysterious are many of the operations of nature.
There is a cause for everything, but sometimes it
Seems past finding out, Sometimes too much ma-
nure will canker the stalk and cause it to rot,—
Sometimes it will cause the head to burst—the
outside leaves appearing to grow too slow for those
forming at the center of the head—bursting of the
head is the consequence, and the sap vessels being
ruptured, rot soon follows,
——s
Anquiries and Answers,
Dwanr Anp SraNDAnD Cireznies.—Can you, or some
of your numerons readers, tell me which are the best to
plant, etandard or dwarf cherry trees on a first-rate
clay loam, with lme-stone rock three or four feet under
it? Also, how high do dwarfs grow ?—0, L. J, Waynes-
ville, Warren Co,, Ohio, 1859,
Tr you desire to obtain a good many varieties in
a small garden, then plant the dwarfs, though the
free-growing sorts make quite a large tree, even
when dwarfed. We have them growing here from
twelve to eighteen feet in height, after being eight
Years planted, For ordinary purposes, where land
is abundant, the standards are better,
; Dwanr Texms— Agr op Bearixo.—Permit me to
pa through the columns of the Ruxat at what age
wart apple and pear trees commence bearing ?—H.
Avamsoy, Mechantesdurg, Ind., 1859,
We have seen them bear at two and three
years in the nursery rows, Then they will
* ‘y will very
often bear the first year they are set out, and con-
tinue to bear every Year. The fact is, dwarf trees
generally bear too early and too much, so as to use
up the strength of the tree, and allow of but little
growth of wood, It is often necessary to remove
the fruit to save the trees from bearing themselves
to death.
Mate axp Fes Powexrs.—tI have just been told
that pumpkins, squashes, and melons are of both eexa.
It is said that if we would raise pumpkins, wo must
plant seods taken from the female pumpkin, which may
be known by the eye or calyx of the female pumpkin,
being Jarge, that of the male being quite small.
T have often noticed that only a part of the vines bear
fruit; but have always supposed that the barren vines
produced only mate bl a. Is it true that it makes
any difference which pu! ‘In’ We save seeds from?
If so, it 1s quite important that “pnmpkin growers”
should know it—H. G.S., 4/arengo, Ii., 1859,
Tuene is nothing in thisidea of male and female
pumpkins or squashes.
Dzrrit or Puantixo Dwane Prans,—In sotting some
Dwarf Pear trees last spring, I sot the graft about four,
perhaps five, inches under ground, I did it because I
had read that, in setting the pear on quince stock, the
quince should be set entirely under ground, Since I
set them I have read in your paper and other papers
that treos should not be set deeper than they stood in
the nursery. Mine have made a good growth this sum-
mer. Now, would you take those trees np and re-sct,
or let them stand as thoy are?—A Suuscnimn, Sugleld,
Conn,, 1859,
Tusne is, it is said, exceptions to all rules, and
the planting of dwarf pears is an exception to the
general and safe rule to plant trees only as deep
as they grew in the nursery. It is better entirely
to cover the quince wood, and no eyil will result,
even should it be necessary to plant quite deep to
accomplish this, for roots will soon be formed near
the surface,
Prans on Arpie Stooxs, &c.—I want to know if
Pears will grow to be of much profit when grafted into
Small apple trees under ground? If any person has
experience upon this point, we should feol thankful for
4 word of advice. My idea is to plant o small pear
orchard, and as we have no pear scions, I think apple
will answer. As the apple is more hardy than the pear,
and will grow upon most every kind of soil, I thought
probably it would be an advantage to the pear to graft
itupon the apple. Is there any person residing in the
Wabash Valley, in the Middle or Western portion of this
State, who has tried to grow an orchard of pear trees?
If there is, I should like to hear of the result, There
are 86 many sudden changes of weather here I am not
certain pear culture can be mad“\proftable, Trees aro
killed and injured by the wint!s. If the Runa can
recommend some hardy sort of hr trees that will not
winter-kill, I will give them "bp
rial, and thank the
friends of the Rurax for adv’ VIM. R., Portlaud,
Ind,, 1859,
the fa
Pears will not succecdircie; agrafted on the
pple. We hope those Whe, Byt\had experience
with the pear in Indiana, ‘ig the chipur correspon-
dent the benefit of their Ktion becat The follow-
ing are among the moste barbaric ¢t8:—Flemish
Beauty, Buffum, Colum good will qinter Nelis,
Forelle, Fulton, Lawregt issued from’ Summer,
Oswego Beurre, Onondtfeayen, and threnesee, and
Forelle. all the amenities
A New Enewy ro yr calls them “wine qubbard
Squash (40 hills) everytelor’s Story.” —'h a white
grab, very similar in. —-** jch grub,
butlarger. They entes be beautiful, but théund, be-|
low the first leaves or tnored look is denied toprk very
Much like the peach jeqse and strengthen thealways
indicated by a warty “ghts of home.
at the base, and their “ph
the vine; also the wile?¥ess ie eyes of ot!
is finished, Half of ti us. If all but myself Woyea
from the gronnd, thi neither fine houses nor
extracted the grab, t
vine, This is the ol, circumstances suit his tem:
Presenttous, If the ‘ n
similarly amictod, ancrexcellent who can suit his!
Blad to hear from sm™stances.
¥., 1859, ises of themind as with those
Our Ffubbards ar’ half dead before we under-
but not one in ten aind half cured when we do,
EXPERIENCE WITH A YOUN ORCHARD,
Messrs. Eprrons:—Ten years ago T set ont a
young apple orchard, of several varieties, for the
purpose of obtaining choice fruit for family use,
and would like to know at what age certain kinds
will bear. The Gravenstein is more than seven
inches in diameter, with a fine oval top, and has
never yet produced one blossom. How long
should it cumber the ground before the axe should
be luid at the root, laying it low, even with the
ground? The Autumn and Summer Strawberry
Proved to be utterly worthless, and those I have
grafted to better sorts. The Fellow Bellflower did
not produce one fair specimen in a dozen, and
theyalsohave beengrafted. Ribston Pippin proves
to be water-cored, consequently is of small value,
Pecks Pleasant is o fine looking apple, but its
keeping qualities are bad, becoming mealy, and
quite tasteless, The soil isa sandy and gravelly
loam combined, and I sbould like to know what
the experience of others have been with the kinds
named, upon a similar goil,
The Morris White peach has borne but one
Season in ten, and were very indifferent peaches,
although one of the trees stands in the yard where
the hogs have run most of the time. I think I
shall cut these trees down, together with a few
other sorts that have not borne at all.
A. G. Pence.
Rexanxs.—Our correspondent, we regret, did
not give his place of residence, and we have re-
tained his communication some time in hopes to
hear further. Here the Gravenstein bears early,
and we think our correspondent’s trees must be
in a rich soil and making a vigorous growth of
wood. The Fellow Leliflower is not grown exten-
sively here, but its reputation is good, and there
is a great demand for trees at our nurseries. We
have seenit in great perfection in the Philadelphia
market. Zibston Pippin is the favorite English
apple; not so good here as some of our fine sorts,
but much esteemed in parts of Canada and Maine.
Pecks Pleasant is a fine apple, and we haye heard
nothing against itskeeping qualities. We believe
there are two kinds of peaches cultivated as the
Morris White—one very fine, the other inferior.
°
Hensaceous Pronies, &o.—(J. W., Holley, N.
¥.)—Peonies may be transplanted either in the
spring or fall, though we prefer autumn planting
for all herbaceous plants. On your clay, under-
laid with lime-rock, dwarf pears would do well,
plums excellent, and so would the small fruits.
$+ —____
Tue grape crop around Cincinnati is said to be
the largest ever grown there, and is estimated as
worth one million dollars.
Advertisements,
Ftrortant TO FARMBERs.
AxD
* DaArRyYMEN.
We rreteifull announce that ©e hare become
the Publahess t Valuable and Beautiful Work,
MILcH cows
AND
DAIRY FaRnMIincGe,
- mae = Wook Extant on the Subject.
‘omprisine the reed tn, i
Health and Disease of hae stgs, and Manneement In
Hon of Mich Cows, Wr Bok Mell explanation of Guenon'a
Method: the Cultare of Forage Plants and the Pradietios
of Milk, Butter and Cheeses embodying whe mnt ct
Improvements, and nda cele ee Geet
Dalry Husbandry ce Hollands igen Brea upon. the
airy Hasba 5 n
System of Dalry Management, — "ee #8 added Horsfall's
BY CHARLES L. Print.
Secretary of the Mawachuretts Stata Bourd of A
culbure; author of “A Treating ort
: and Forage Plantae, Grasses
FULLY AND BEAUTIFULLY ILLUSTRATED Wer
130 BNGRAVINGS._
12m0,—416 pp. Price 91,25.
The chapter on the Diseases of Dairy Stock, mostly
pared by Dr. O. M. Woop aud Dr, J. H, Dabb, is wath
Many times the cost of the Book.
OPINIONS OF THE PRESS,
Mrcn Cows xp Dairy Pansivoa,—Oharles DL. Flint, of
Boston, Secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Agricul
tare, is the author of anew work upon a subject never be.
fore fully treated In this country, which, If we misiake not,
will prove the most valuable book for universal vse among
farmers that has ever been published in thiscountry, There
Is scarcely anything worth knowing, about bow to select a
cow, how to treat her, and how to make butter and cheese,
that cannot be found In this volume. which contains numer.
ous illustrations, besides its conclse language. carefully
written from all the best authorities, and much personal
observation. Itis a work that was much needed, and one
that in recommending we shall do good to the farming In.
terest. It is published on good paper, clear type, with
many well-cut wood envravings, and contains ever 400 pa-
ges, and, we suppose, will sell for $1,25—N. ¥. Z'ridune,
This work is marked by the clearness and persplculty
which bave characterized Mr, Flint's hrevious productions.
Ttcontains an account of the most euligutened practice in
this country; the deballs of the dairy husbandry of Holland,
and the most recent and productive modes of management
in English dairy farming, embracing a laree amonnt of
practical and sclentific information not hitherto presented
to the American public In nn avallable form. —Salem Gus,
We recommend the work to every one who keeps a cow,
or intends to do 80.—Ohio Farmer,
We recommend it as 4 matter of economy, because, If
studied, It cannot fail to impart facts of more value to most
dairy-men and dalry-women than several times its cost,—
New England Farmer, ;
It should be In the hands of every owner of a cow,.— Ver-
mont Stock Journal,
It can but rank as a standard American Dairy Book,—the
best, we baye no hesitarfon in saying, yet Issued upon the
subject.—Country Genveman, *
The more we examine the book the better we like it, To
say that it is superior to any work hitherto published on
that subject, is not enough; it is a better book of ita kind
than we had hoped to bave an opportunity of welcoming to
the shelves of our agricultural ibrary.— Wisconsin Farmer,
PUBLISHED BY
PHILLIPS, SAMPSON & COMPANY,
13 Winter Street, Boston.
Sold by all Booksellers and Perlodical Agents throughout
the country,
N. B.—Coples will be sent, postage pald, on receipt of the
advertised price, A dollar bill and eight three cent stamps.
may be inclosed and sent by letter to the publishers, fora
single copy. Or ten coples will be sent to any address in
the United States, postage, or freight paid. for ten dollars,
Any Bookseller, Periodical’ Agent, or Postmaster, can
Procure a copy by mall, if requested, at the wholesale price,
Agents wanted In every county In the United States, t6
dispose of this new and {instructive work, which Is fo upl-
versal demand, and which needs only to be seen and exam-
ined in order to be appreciated by that numerous and intel.
ligent class for whom it was especially designed,
IN PRESS,
And will bo Published September Ist, 1869,
A new and enlarged editlon, uniform with the above, of
another valuable Agricultural Work, by the same author,
to be issued in the same elegant style, entitled a
PRACTICAL TRHATISH~
On Grasses and Forage Plants,
Comprising thelr Natural History, comparative Nutritive
Value; Methods of Culuivating, Cutting and Curing, and
the Management of Grass Laids, Fully and beautifully
Miustrated,
PHILLIPS, SAMPSON & CO.,
13 Winter Street, Boston,
50l-eowSt
CAKES, SYRUPS, JAM, &,
Crisp Gixcer Caxe,—Three lbs. of flour; 1 of
sugar; 1 of butter; 3 tablespoonfuls of ginger—
and wet it with molasses. Roll it thin.
Gixcer-nreap Nots.—One and one-half 1b.
of four; 5{lbs of sugar; %{lbs of butter; some
cloves and cinnamon pounded fine; 1 oz. of gin-
ger—mix well together, then make it in a stiff
dough with molasses, roll thin and cut in small
cakes.
Gixcer Cur Caxe.—Three cups of flour; 1 of
sugar; 1 of molasses; 1 of butter; a tablespoon of
ginger; 1 teaspoon of saleratus; 3 eggs. Bake
in pans.
Gotpex Caxe.—One-half 1b. flour; half Ib. of
butter; the yolks of 7 eggs; the yellow and juice
of 1 lemon; 1 teaspoon of cream tartar; half tea-
spoon of soda,
Bracxserry Synvr.—Two quarts of juice; 1
tablespoon of loaf sugar; half oz. of nutmeg; half
oz. of cinnamon; one-fourth oz. of cloves; one-
fourth oz. of allspice. Boil a short time, and when
cool add 1 pint of brandy.
Coneg-art Sarye.—Six cents worth of Burgundy
pitch ; 6 cents worth of Jaudanum; 6 cents worth
gum camphor; 2 cents worth of wax. A piece of
rosin aslargeasa turkey’segg. Put the Burgundy
pitch, rosin and beeswax into a new earthen mug,
melt over a slow fire; when nearly cool put in the
camphor and laudanum, and stir it until it is
cold.
Expenserny Jaw ror Corps.—One quart of
elderberries; 1 lb, of loafsugar; 1 teacup of water—
let them boil slowly foran hour. Ifpreferred with-
out seeds, strain the berries after boiling a few
minutes before the sugar is added. This is useful
and agreeable forcolds, Take it through the day or
at night when thecough is troublesome. Itis said
also to purify the blood, and is taken to prevent
erysipelas. Unxxown.
Salem Co., N. J., Aug., 1859.
Maxine Hanp Soar.—Some, here away, make a
pleasant hard soap to use, and a superior one, by
this recipe :—6 Ibs. of soda; 8 lbs. of atone lime,—
put in a boiler with 4 pails of soft water, and sim-
mer slow 2 or 3 hours, not boil, or it will not settle
well. Skim off the clear liquid, add 1 more pail of
water, 6 Ibs. of grease, 1 teacup of salt, and boil
until it becomes soap, then pour it out to cool—after
which cut it up.—A Sunscerper, Gloucester Co.
WV. d., Aug., 1859.
How ro Kxrr “Rarnoap” Srocxtnos.—Set up
the required number of stitches in the usual way—
_knit two finger lengths for » woman (one anda
half for a child,) withont seam or narrowing—then
drop every other stitch and finish of the ve in the
usual manner. Let the dropped stitches run down
to within an inch or two of the top—fasten with
a needle and thread and your stocking is done,
They fit nicely to the foot and are just the thing for
a hot day, Will some one tell me how to make
Cream Pies ?—C. P. M., Medina, N. ¥., 1859.
UBLIC SALE OF DEVON CATTLE AND
SOUTH-DOWN SHEEP.
2} DAY, 7th Septembernext. at 100'clock A.M.,
Grand Island, near Buifalo, I will sell my
entire herd of thorough-bred ‘Devon Catile, consisting of
powers of W Cows, Heifers, Bulls, and Bull and Helfer
alyes,
Iwill also sell at the same time 100 thorough-bred South-
Down Ewes and Rams. Also, 100 or more choice grade
Breeding Ewes, of Cotswold and South-Down crosses—the
beat class of Mutton Sheep, Also, haif a dozen superior
young white Breeding Sows, .
The sale will be positive, and without reserve, Uf ere
are purchasers to buy the Stock, a3 1 am going out of
stock. breeding altogether.
Terms:—On sums over $50, and oF to #100, six months;
and on sums over $100. a year’s credit will be given, on ap-
proved notes, with interest; or a liberal discount will be
made for cash,
‘The Stock will be delivered to the purchasers at elther of
the Railroad Stations in Buffalo, Black Rock, or Tonawan-
da. or at the Steamboats in Buffalo, if required.
Catalogues of the Stock will be sent by mail to those
wanting them,
A Steam Ferry Boat will cross the river every hour be-
tween Lower Black Rock and the Farm on the day of sale.
The Stock can be seen at any time previous by calling at
mny residence, ws LEWIS F, ALLEN.
Black Rock, August 1, 1859, St
‘OMES FOR ALL.—Several families will stort from
Now York for the table lands of TexNesses the first
week of August, We intend to fit out companies of persona
seeking new homes in VinaiNia about the Ist of September,
We therefore desire those who wish to unite, to furnish us
with particulars of thelr wants, means and preferences,
that the best poasible provision may be made for them,
‘The rapid advance of the price of Land settled ander the
auspices of Concerrko Eaiorarion Is tue grand, distinctive
feature of our enterprise, We baye the pleasure of asgur-
ing our friends of the success of those who bave already
gone on, and of the prosperity and perfect health which bas
attended them,
Please address FRANOIS W. TAPPAN, Presiden’
JOHN O. UNDERWOOD, General “Agent American Eml-
rant Aid and Homestead Company, No, 146 Broadway,
New York, 499-68
[ME BEST GRAIN DRILL IN
AMERICA!
Ts Manufactured by the Subscribera at Macedon, N. ¥.
It'ls so arranged as to Sow or Plant, with equal facility, all
kinds of Seed, from the smallest Grass Seed to Corn or
Beans, either Broadcast, ln Hills or in Drills, Also, every
Meporto} fant of Souceniraled Sita ef to Guano, Lime,
Al iypsum, Poudrette, Bone Duat Cy
Cuts and descriptions were given in'a late number of the
Rural (May 14th.) 470
20
25
dell: ie Skhas Seeder oo
lellvered on board boat or cars.
For further information, Circulars, 40, Reais IB a af
tre, N.Y.
Hucedon NX an “UICKEORD & HUEWMAN,
G® NO !—
iy
Ta a ere cx IaLann GUARD, whlch for
richness in Phosriares and OsaNiC matter, and {ts BoLU-
BILITY, Is UNSUMPASSED. | 6¢ 9,000 s., and Uberal discount
will be made by the cargo. | 7 eller ciieiicnemene
Cigars, with direc POSTER & STEPHENSON,
ae t Beaver Street, New York,
Gouigteow Arents for The Atlantic and Pacitie Guand Co.
VALUABLE BOOK FOR
Jenasnnd approved of. If not approved, no charg
poet, and Cure of Diseases of the Lun
al d
derving life and health to old
book is recelved and
the price ls 40 centa,
Btate, to
458-130
Hess FOR ALL!
FOR SALE,
Ate f Acre, desirable FARMING LANDS In
tern Y and Middle Tennessee,
pais Se ee yar ain he Goualles,
Courany, No. 1ie Browivan, New York ent
xpress and sole purpose of furn!
Poult ‘and Pork to this House, Bg wa feed
‘ Meal, aiid lo Summer on
re or at OE ay a ng) a BEETSON,
New York.—All
O Ny hares ae cy ‘farm teats od
* Written for Moore's Rural Now-Yorker.
WHAT'S THE USE OF FRETTING.
BY M. M. GARDNEr.
Wor will our posts sigh and moan
O’or withered hopes and flowors,
When fresh joys spring again as 4600
As sunshine after showers.
Our dntlest hours, if righUy spent,
Will quickly pass away,
And pleasant smiles from those we lore
‘Will cheer the darkest day.
"Tis all in vain to mourn and weep
O'er milk that bas been spilled,
‘And Jast as vain to {diy wait
To have the pail refllled,
I never drop my buttered tonst
Upon the sanded floor,
And if I déd I'd leave it there,
And calmly butter more.
Nor do I find this world so cold,
Or friends so hard to win,
And where we have so much to lore,
To grumble is a sin. .
Northyille, Mich., 1859,
——_____+0+ —______
“BETTER TRUST ALL.”
BY FEANOES ANN BUTLER.
. Berrex trast all, and be deceived,
And weep that trust, and that decoiving,
Than doubt one heart, that if belioved
Had blessed one's life with true believing,
Oh, in this mocking world, too fast
The doubting fiend o’ertakes our youth!
Botter be cheated to the Jast
‘Than lose the blessed hope of truth.
—————_—_+o.—____
‘Written for Mooro's Rural New-Yorker.
BE TRUTHFUL WITH THE LITTLE ONES,
Ir was a cold morning some years ago, when I
donned my cloak and muff and went down Broad-
way ashopping. That splendid thoroughfare of
New York was crowded, as usual. Merchants
were hurrying to their stores, clerks to their
counters, and Jawyers and brokers to their offices;
while ever and anon the young wife would trip
past, leaning lovingly on her husband’s arm, as
she enjoyed the cold, bracing air and morning
walk—not at the end of it to take her place as
head clerk in his establishment, the way the
Parisian lady does, but to be transferred to an
omnibus, in which she may return home at leisure.
Somé few, like myself, were ont purchasing goods,
and what with them and the Aooped models by the
doors (for only the models then wore hoops,) had
fall opportunity for viewing the now fashions and
the latest whims of the late obscure Mademoiselle
de Monriso, now bride of Narouron and Empress
over thirty millions of people, Eugenie cloaks,
Eugenie plaids, Eugenie headdresses, etc., filled
the windows till I was tired of sccing the name,
and by way of relief, tried to tum Lavater, and
read tho disposition of this or that person who
passed me by and whose countenance my eye
singled ont as a peculiar one.
Again, I thought of a now plan, ond that was
the sort of dress they wore, the color they chose,
and their mode of arranging it. Some wore
bright, gay colors, others almost Quaker-like in
their plainness; and it amused me to sce one wear
her victorino in such a manner as to display her
rich gold/breastpin, another keep one hand outside
her muff to show her taper fingers and new kids,
and a third wear her velvet mantilla folded back,
so that hor watch and chain might seo the light.
I would have liked to walk all day and read in the
living book thus opened before me, had I not
arrived at Srvanr’s, and as my country friend
requested I should there purchase the trimmings
for her dresa, I hastened to fulfill her injunction,
The clerk who waited on me was also in attend-
ance on a lady who appeared to bo selecting some
embroideries, and whose little girl, soon after my
entrance, accosted her with, ‘‘Mama, can’t I have
the money now to buy my doll? You said last
week whon Earty Ross got hers that I might have
one when we went shopping Monday.” “But I’ve
got to spend all my money to-day, Cannre,” re-
turned the lady.
My attention was now fairly attracted, and I
scanned as closoly as politeness would Permit, the
finely dressed woman before mo. In figure she
was a tall, stately person, rather a brunette in
complexion, but with dark, flashing eyes, such,
en passant, os only brunettos can boast off. Sho
had, too, that easy, gracefal manner which is hard
to attain save in good society. Her dress was a
purple French cashmere, and her bonnet was on
her head, not her neck, as the fashion now is; it
was & white, uncut velvet, with crimson roses
and strings, and adorned outside with white mara-
bout feathers as light and airy as tho tiny snow
flakes then settling on the window sills. A rich
broche shawl enveloped her splendid figure, and
20 wonder that I almost envied her whom I rightly
considered as one of the bon ton, “You said four
dollars was the price of this handkerchief; it is
the pattern I want, but you ask too much,” she
said, addressing the clerk. « No, madam, it is
very low indeed; tho material, you perceive, is
linen Se and it is French needlework.” “I
suppose I can tell what it is by looking,” she
replied a little haughtily, sane meted that
}] the clerk should suppose her ignorant of either
_ the material or work. “Mama, let me have the
three shillings now, won't your 1 can buy it
§ while you” —“Carnre, hold your tongue,” ond
she gave the child a look, which, if it didn’t anni-
hilate her, it almost did me, or at least sent the
blood tingling through my cheeks and finger ends,
though whether in sympathy for the child of
shame for the R
ther I couldn't tell. But, seem.
she had shown so much
‘she drew out her portmonnaie, and with
the utmost suavity desired the clork to put up the
kerchief, handing him a five dollar bill, but pro-
testing that he charged her at least a dollar too
much. ‘You'll be pleased in the wear of the
article, madam,” he said, as he stepped to the
cashier’s box. His back had scarcely been tarnod
when tho lady (?) stooping down, said in « low,
spiteful voice, “Now, miss, you shan't have the
doll at all, for the way you've teased me sbout it
this morning.”
Poor Canrts; she absolutely wilted with mental
suffering and disappointment, I tried to tele-
graph her a look of sympathy, for I know the
young heart had sore trials, but just then the clerk
returned with the change, and tho lady, bidding
him s courteous good-morning, tripped gracefully
down the long aisle of the store, followed by tho
sad little Cannre, who was either too sad or too
much afraid to indulge in that safoty-valve of
childhood, tears. “Thank Gop my mother never
told me a lie,” my heart echoed as she was lost in
the distance. Poor child!—better were you the
daughter of the humblest seamstress in this great
city, were truth and kindliness her motto, and
were the flowers of feeling springing up in your
young heart only watered by the dew of affection,
that they might in after years yield sweet perfume,
Fair Haven, Carroll Co,, Il. M. J, Staraunson.
er
Written for Moore’s Raral New-Yorker,
WHY AMERICAN WOMEN ARE DELICATE.
Coupanisoys are frequently made between the
palo, delicate American women, and the plump,
rosy-cheeked English, attributing the latter to
their ont of-door exercise, and our fragility to con-
finement to household labors—which may be true,
but let us look at the facts a little.
The English Isdies, who kaye beon so much
admired for their freshness and bloom, have
leisure to spend in the open air all the time they
choose—to walk or ride. They haye their honse-
keepers, their nurses, their servants, their car-
riages, &c, While, on the other hand, the English
peasantry live in such small houses, and on such
plain fare, and in an unfashionable, unostentations
manner, that they also spend much time in the
fields and garden. Bat in this country, how dif-
ferent are all our social arrangements! We have
no titles, no hereditary property, and no class of
people kept down, for the benefit of the nobility.
Every man may rise to wealth and distinction
who has the industry and ambition, and as there
is no lack of these, what a scrambling and haste
to get rich! Riches bring cares, and nearly all
of the farmers and their wives do a great sbare of
their own work, with the help of one or two ser-
yants, perhaps, who are considered a part of their
family, And there is scarcely an American woman
in a thousand, who can get a moment’s time to
spend out of doors. The farmer worth twenty or
thirty thousand, has no idea of keeping acarriage
or riding or walking out with his family, or of
stopping a moment to enjoy life in any manner.
With him, it is plow and sow, and reap and mow;
end with hia wife, her children, her breakfast, din-
her and supper, ber wardrobe, her company, and
general supervision from garret to cellar. No
wonder she never gets time to breathe the fresh
air, and the bloom is departed from her thin face
and form.
The great scarcity of permanent or competent
girls to assist us, is becoming the worst and most
formidable evil American women have to contend
with. Itis a fact, that we must hire such raw,
ignorant help, as are worse than none, or do with-
out. Scarcely any furmer’s wife, who cannot
accomplish the whole of her housework within
her own family, can say she has in her kitchen a
competent, trusty girl or woman. Such help as
she is obliged to accept is only an addition to her
cares. And thus, mapy a woman who is able to
pay for good help, and be glad to do it, is com-
pelled to attend constantly to her household, and
be thankful to have a chance to sit down long
enough to eat, and for the night, when sho can
reat.
“We speak that we know, and testify that wo
have seen.” Our husbands need not compare us
to the fair, robust, English women, while their
pride, and ambition, and haste to be rich, makes
them forget that flesh and blood can, and will, and
does wear out, and that speedily, under our pres-
ent social arrangements. A Faruen’s Wirz.
CAN A MOTHER FORGET!
Can a mother forget? Nota morning, noon or
night, but she looks into the corner of the kitchen
in which you read Robinson Crusoe, and thinks of
you as yet a boy. Mothers rarely become con-
scious that their children have grown out of their
childhood, They think of them, advise them,
write to them, as if not fully fourteen years of age.
They cannot forget the child. Three times a day
she thinks who are absent from the table, and
hopes the next year, st the furthest, she may have
“just her own family there ;” and if you are there,
look out for the fat lamb or a fried chicken, and
the coffee which none but everybody’s own mother
ean make. Did Hannah forget Samuel? A short
sentence, full of household history, and Tunning
over with genuine mother-love is tellingly beauti-
ful. ‘Moreover, his mother made him a little
sacrifice.”
profound reply was, “Mothers !”"
lz
/
A wormer once asked a clergyman wh ¥e Ps
should begin the education of WN
told him was then four yearsold. “I \\
the reply, ‘you have lost three * “he
From the first smile that gleams /
cheek, your opportunity begins.” |
coat, and brought itto him from year to year, when h
she came up with her husband to the yearly re
A mother mourning at the first-born's gravey’* & tag” of
{}
Napoleon once asked a lady what France ? a a ;
for the education of her youth; and they, ° p, 4, Ad not one that eat of itb
ee, “py Mog son their food with sal!
Pag My , Foppever have the gapes. Iw
tay, “eof six or eight years, in
ee, lg
,
Sup
"berg “A, stock, good seed, and good
MOORK’S RURAL NEW-YORKRER.
Written for Moore's Raral New-Yorker,
THE HOUR OF TWILIGHT.
Duazcr I lovo, at that beaatifal hour
Chaining tho heart with its mystical pow'r,
Daylight departing—retiring to rest,
Gently onfolded in arms of the Weat;
Lingering long in her parting ombrace,
Kissing the shadows that cach ether chase,
When the mild Evo in her beautiful rest
Whispers of peace sill ehe maketh us blest,
Dearly I love in aweet visions to roam,
Spirit e’en scorning its tensnted homo,
Breaking tho fetters that bind it to earth,
Soaring away to the place of its birth,
Surely the soul had its birth-place above,
‘There ’mid the reigions of beanteous Love,
Fain through the empire of thought as we roam,
Then does aweet Memory silently come,
Bearing us blessings on wings of the past,
Over usa mantle of glory cash
‘Twilight, thou beaven-scot messenger horo,
Bearer of freedom from harrowing care,
Leaving tho gates far behind theo ajar,
Whence comoth streamings of peace from afar;
Op'ning the windows that we may look in
To tho blest mansions where dwolleth no ein;
Taking us near to the portals of bliss—
Angel of lovo, from that bright world to this,
Thon art a typo of the twilight of lifo,
Aye, in tho hope of that happiness rife,
Merging in dawn of reality’s day,
Usher to scenes in that holy array.
Piffard, N, Y,, 1859.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
MIND YOUR OWN BUSINESS,
Ir may seem broad assumption, and be con-
demned as an exaggerated expression, yet we are
constrained to believe that if the practice which
seems 60 completely and fanatically to influenca
multitudes of mankind to meddle, to pry into and
Scquaint themselves with other people’s business—
to comment and judge with freedom and harshness
upon their manners and actions when profoundly
ignorant of the motive or cause, and report and
discuss all their impudent assurance has discovor-
ed, no matter at what saorifice of justice or truth,
or how much to the detraction or injary of the
person under espionage, were completely wiped
out from practice, two-thirds of the sin, the dis-
turbance and malice current in human society
would be utterly expunged. Were all tho idle
regiment now engaged in completing Satan's mis-
chief, to seek some useful employment, and make
over them a motto and rule of action, obeying
Strictly its sentimentand teaching, would they not
toil to much greater profit and pleasure, than to
labor where the “wages is death,” and a most
happy reformation resul#% Tf is almost a univer-
sal fact, that each community or neighborhood,
however small or retired, numbers among its
members a class who find no employment other
than attending to the concerns of others, too many
of whom profess belief and obedience to the pre-
cepts and teachings of that neglected Book whose
moral code and elevating and ennobling sentiments
have never yet been equalled here, utterly ignor-
ing and forgetting its commands and exhortations.
“A little fire kindleth a great matter.” So, even
one of these Paul Pry's ina community, whose
tongue and limbs are never weary in reporting,
commenting, and spreading all that bis prying
curiosity has learned, wilfstir up strife in brother-
hoods, sunder friendships, end destroy the peace
of families, and harmony of neighborhoods. And
how little peace and quict, or time to work with
their own hands, can one havo who is constantly
occupied in meddling and studying into the affairs
ofothers? Noaction or business, however private
or personal, is sufficiently sacred or respected, to
prevent their Argus eyes from discovering, or
their unwearied tongues from publishing in detail,
and criticising and remarking freoly, as the mood
may find them,
How much of the unhappinessand evils in society
may be traced to such a source—innocence blight-
ed, character defamed, friendship madea mockery,
and life a burden, by these vampires in human
society. There can be no advantage or improve-
ment derived from such a class. “They havo
taught their tongues to speak lies, and weary
themselves to commit iniquity.” Their friondship
is the charm of the basilisk—their company tho
shade of the Upas.
——“‘Iike a moral pestilence,
Before his breath, }}/s healthy shoots and blooms
Of soclal Joy and4,/Mpiness decay.”
Rich and full pe, aomises to the attentive and
industrious, ay“ mt— hand of the diligent shall
bearrule’—~ %Sr pulale bearer shall be cut off,
andtothes,, jd, Pit shall come as an armod
man,.and ° »
(200° Yj, %4 Ouscrexs'S
AY 9 sb, sure and\). Rev. Henry Warp
Gog, fod while {6 5 him that the Birds
G, learned the ct, him and his family
pise chins onietarious means of driy-
Mog %} OG tried every \ xceedingly to shoot
# tig PDB but all to Din eir songs, a3 every
to, Mo PecX let my bread rum, pe ren replios
very beautiful and
joe the birds. Tho
ularly, found fault
Wax Wing, known
© Bird, Bohemian
ZECHER Says if any
plunderer, for he
sage through the
our cherries, bnt
in at him lest he
bins. He admires
‘ollowing cloquent
qd inquiry in the Rurav.—H.
oy) Co,, Pa,, 1859,
Ler the farmer’s motto
write what we have said of the S0ng-sparrow, we
would say that the rebin is our sweetast summer
singer. This oniversal favorite has a variety of
songs. All are awoet, but one rises far above all
the rest. At evening, the sun gone down, the
cows retumed from pasture, the landscape radiant
with its salient points, but growing dim and folomn
underneath, then, as you sit musing in your door,
you shall hear from a treo on the lawn, a little dis-
tant, s continuous calling song, full of sweet im-
portunity mingled with sadness. It is the call for
its absent mate. Sometimes it rolls and Gurgles
for but a moment, when a shadow flita through tho
sir, and a sudden flash of leaves, the song stops,
two birds glido out upon the sky, and fly to their
home. But at other times tho bird's grief is your
gain. No coming mate shortens his song. Some
remorseless boy bas bronght him down, to sing,
and build, and brood no more; somo cat, or hawk,
or gazing snake has dined upon the fair thing.
And #0, though the twilight falls, and tho evening
Brows darker, tho eng calls on, pausing only to
change the manner, throwing in here and there
coaxing notes and staccato exclamations of impa-
tience, but going back soon to the gushing, pining,
yearning home-call, Tako all my atrawborries if
you wont them, oh singer! Come to-morrow for
my cherries! You pay me in ono single song for
all that you can eat in a summer! and leaye mo
stillin your debt; for there is no such thing as
paying for that which touches your heart, raises
your imagination, wings your fancy, and carries
you up, by inspired thoughts, above the level of
selfish life. The heart only can pay the heart for
Good service! As to cherries, I'll take my chance
when my betters ore served. Eat what you wish,
sweet sir, and if there are any loft, I will think
them all the sweeter as a part of your banquet,
—S———
A CANNON BALL IN THE HAT,
Aw snonymons writer, generally aupposed to bo
tho Rev, Hsyry Wann Beecuen, after describing
how, when a boy, he stole acannon ball from the
Navy Yard at Charleston, Mass., and with mueh
trepidation and more headache, carried it away in
that universal pocket of youth, winds up with the
following reflections, which though philosophically
trite, are conveyed with much force and freshness :
When I reached home, I bad nothing to do with
my shot. Idid not dare to show it in the house,
nor tell where I got it, and after one or two soli-
tary rolls, I gave it away on the same day to a
Prince streeter.
But, after all, that six-pounder rolled a good
deal of sense into my skull. I think it was the
last thing I ever stole, (excepting alittle mattor
of heart now and then,) and it gave me a notion of
the folly of coveting more than you oan enjoy,
which has made my whole life happier. It was
rather & severe mode of catechising, but cthics
rubbed in with o six pound shot are better than
none at all.
But I see men doing the same thing—going into
underground and dirty vaults and gathering
woalth, which *ill, when got, roll round their
heads like a ball, and not be a whit softer becanse
itis gold instead of iron, though there is not a
man in Wall strept who will believe that. I Have
seen 8 man put himself to every humiliation to
win o proud woman who has beon born above him,
and when he got her, he walked ali tho rest of his
life with a cannon ball in his hat. Ihave seen
young men enrich themselves by pleasure in the
Same wise way, sparing no pains, scrupling at no
sacrifice of principle, for the sake at loast of carry-
ing a burden which no man can bear.
All the world are busy in striving for things
that give litle pleasure and bring much care; and
Tam accustomed in my walks among men, noticing
their ways and their folly, to think, there is a man
Stealing a cannon ball; or there’s aman with a
ball on his head—I know it by the way he walks.
The money which a clerk purloins for his pocket,
at last gets into his hat like a cannon ball. Pride,
bad temper, selfishness, evil passions, will roll o
man as if he had o bell on his head! And ten
thousand men in New York will dic this year, and
as each one falls, hia hat will como off, and ont
will roll an iron ball, which for years he has worn
out his strength in carrying.
———— e
Harriness 1s Cuxtpxoop.—It is wonderful how
nosr happiness used to be. It lay about, like the
sunshine, within arm’s length of overybody. It
used to grow in the field; we havo found it there,
but not lately. Sometimes five speckled eggs ina
grassy nest constituted it; sometimes four beauti-
ful ones in the lilacs. It used to swim in tho
brooks, and turn up its silvery and mottled sides,
like a polished little sabre, sprinkled with the color
of fame, which is generally understood to be crim-
son. Wo havo found it many o time beside a
mossy stono, when it looked very muoh like a first
flower; we have seen it come down in tho shower,
ond heard it descend in the rain. What a world
of it used to be crowded into a Saturday after-
noon! Au old newspaper, with cedar ribs, a tail
like three bashaws, and o penny’s worth of twine,
have constituted many a time—that is, many an
old time—the entire stock in trade of one perfectly
happy. a
Tautu Berrer THAN Cant.—Teach a child there
is harm in everything, howeyer innocent; and as
soon as it discovers the cheat, it won't see sin in
anything. That's the reason deacons’ sons seldom
turn out well, and preachers’ daughters are mar-
riedthrough awindow. Innocence is the sweetest
thing in the world, and thore is more of it than
folks generally imagine. If you want some to
transplant, don't seek it in inclosures of cant, for
it has only counterfeit ones; but go to the garden
of truth and of sense. Coerced innocence is like
an imprisoned lark; open the door, and it is off
forever, The bird that roams the sky and the
Grove unrestrained, knows how to dodge the hawk
and protect itself; but the caged one, the moment
it leaves its bars and bolts behind, is pounced up-
on by the fowler or the vulture.— Sam Slick.
Tuere is always some measure of eyil in the
end which a man is endeavoring to attain when he
is willing to avail himself of disorderly means in
order to arrive at it,
Written for Moore's Rural Now-Yorker,
THE TIMELY LESSON.
Tcovs to sit by my window and look ont upon
the rich and varied landscape, which epreada Sway
tothe “blue distance.” The silver pathway of a
river winds along below the road, and its cool feet
walk through a little valley, partly framed in with
distant bills. Broad meadow-land, interlaced with
neat fences, stretch to the South, until they are
mot by a green-robed army of sentinels—the firat
trees of a forest, whose crown is cut very clearly
against the sky. One afternoon Tsought my fayor-
ite retreat with a sad heart, A restless spirit had
taken possession of mo, Lifo seemed vague, and
my path so hidden that I groped blindly in tho
dark, and the fair September landscape, with the
golden sky bending over it were both wrapped in
& pall.
A hundred voices shouted through the dim gal-
leries of my soul, “Wake up!—what dost thou
here!—seek another abiding-place, where your
sphere of labor will be more extended.” I listened
to these demons of Discontent with increasing im-
patience of controlling circumstances, and my
eager vision strove to catcha glimpse of the “time
coming” when I fancied that a broader field of
action would spread out before me, Then all the
bright promises from snticipstion’s silver lips
would flow in upon me like a river of light, while
my feet walked through thornless paths, An im-
pationt, bitter ery, burst from my lips—* J cannot
watt/”’ and leaning my head upon the window-sill,
convulsive sobs shook my frame. But suddenly a
sound of sweet, low music arose to my ear; I
listened, and it seemed as if fingers were wander-
ing in an uncertain way over the keys of my in-
strument down in the parlor. Istarted to my foot
exclaiming, ‘‘ Who can that be!”
The strange, sad music still continued, and I
hastily flew down stairs through the hall. The
door was open, and looking in I beheld the bowed
figure of an old man sitting at my instrament,
Ose hand was resting upon his staff, while the
osber was busied in drawing forth those magical
sounds, His snowy bair was long and fell over bis
shoulders like a cloud. I immediately recognized
him to bes blind man of my acquaintance from the
neighboring village of C—, and I suddenly re-
callod his last words to me the preceding day—“If
my son rides out to his farm to-morrow, I will call
to hoar you play, Misa Many.” He was passion-
ately fond of music, and I always delighted te
gratify him, whenever an opportunity offered.
“Ab, Mr, Graves, you bave fulfilled your promise.”
Tluid my hand upon his arm, and said this before
h@ fas awaro of my presence. “Oh, yes, Miss
bfahx—your mother showed moe in here, and I
thought E would amuse myself until you eame in.”
He roso, snd resigned his seat tome, notwithstand-
ing my entreaties for him to continue his perform-
sauce. “No, I nover havo learnod how to play, but
Iwill sing you asong by-and-by,” was his promise,
and I chose a wild, sad piece which suited my
feelings. He listened intently, and when I had
ceased, his first words surprised mo.
“Your spirit is troubled to-day, Miss Manr—
perhaps I can say a few words, which may soothe
and strongthen you—for I have passed through
many trials, Life is a great blessing! we ought
to accopt this gift, with humble gratitude, and not
let tho days go by, ‘like shadows o'er tho heart.’
Providence sometimes places us in situations where
our path is hidden, and we look in vain for a way-
mark. This is a trial of our faith. I am blind,
and dependent upon the charities of others, but
Gop knows that every day carries my thanks to
the Throne of Grace, that I am still spared to
labor in His vineyard—for I have been taught that
8 ‘patient enduring to the end’ is my mission on
earth, It is harder labor than you may imagine—
still through grace I am enabled to wear a cheerful
countenance, knowing thet its influence is working
for Cunisr. My son gives me a home, but his
children are not taught to respeet me, and my
presence is a burden to them; sometimes their
unfeeling remarks make me almost weary of life,
but Cunisr's words recur to my mind, ‘Let patience
have hor perfect work, that ye may be perfect and
entire, wanting nothing,’ and they comfort me.
Helpleas old age is not reverenced as it used to bo.”
The blind man wiped a toar from his eye, but the
wrinkled face soon resumed its usual calm, unraf-
fled expression. “TI will sing for you now, Miss
Marr.” His voice was qnite clear and steady for
ono of his years, and I listened with delight to the
quaint old gong. The chorus of each verso was,
“J am happy and contented
Wherever I may be.”
As the closing strain died away, a rough voice
said, “Well, father, are you ready to go?” and
looking up I beheld the old’s man’s son standing
in the door. My visitor departed, but his voice
rang in my ears; and now, when I am tempted to
repine, that placid face rises before me, with the
snowy hair falling around it, and the words “a
patient enduring to the end,” sounds a “Peace, be
still,” o'er the troubled waters of my soul.
Michigan, Aug,, 1859, A. P.D.
ee ee
Jxsvs.—The name of Jesus is not only light, but
also food; it is likewise oil, without which all the
food of the soul is dry; it is salt, unseasoned by
which, whatever is presented to us is insipid; it is
honey in the mouth, melody in the ear, joy in the
heart, medicine to tho soul; and there are no
charmsin any discourse in which his name is not
heard,—Pearls of Thought
=
Tue Reuioron or re Heant—A holy calling
never saved any man without a holy heart; if our
tongues only be sanctified, our whole man must be
condemned.—Fiarél.
Rear difficulties are the best cure of imaginary
ones, because God helps us in the real ones, and
makes us ashamed of the others,
| sentiments he
The Reviewer.
Peooressrve Peneany Aerraurrio, for Primary
PElaseee 1a Puviic and Private conools, BY HoRATIO
N. Bontxsom, A. M., nuthor of « fall courses bY A, ee
mathics. [pp. 80.) New York: Ivison & 2 “ik
‘Tar Proonrssive IntauiEcToAL Axrmuncrs{og on 4hO
Inductive Pian. Being » Seq’ Oe, ro ive
variety of Practical
116, fame author
‘Tur Paognmarys Pmacrioat Anrmuntio, — Containing
yonestion with concise
io Toone of Nie Methnds of Sololnn, and de-
signed as a compleie Text Book on this Sotence, for
Cattton Sebools and Academies, [pp. 86, Same
suthor aud publishers as above)
‘Uepen the general title of “ Robinson's Mathematical
erica,” Messrs. [vison & Prixway are publishing what
they calm to be “the most complete, practical and
edicatific series of Mathematical Text-books for Com
mor fohools, Academies and Colleges, ever issued.”
The eories will embrace fourteen distinct volumes, the
first three of which (oamed above,) w
from Mr. D. W. Fisn, of this elty, tbe General Agent
for Introduction. The volumes before us are very
Dandeomely executed, while the stylo and arrangement
of the contents, and the matter ftself, will bear erltical
inspection, We are inclined to believe that this exeel-
Jent series by Dr. Ronursom (aided by Mr, Fis, 8
(teacher of much oxperience,) will prove the most useful
and popalar of its class yet pudlisted in this country.
Tne conceded ability of the author, and bis long
experience asa practical mathematician and teacher,
are gdarantecs that the sérics will be completed with
Adelity to the public, and In such manner as to augment
hie alroady wido reputation, We cordially commend
thera works to the attention of teachers, trustees and
parest, Forsaloio Rochester by Apams & Danxey.
Mun Cows ann Dairy Faumtxo; Comprising the
Breeds, Breeding, and Management, in Healte and
Disease, of Dairy and other Stock; tho Selection of
Mitch Cows, with « full Explanation of Goenon’s
method; the Cultore of Forage Piavts, and tho Pro-
daction of Milk, Batter and Cheese, ommodying tho
moat recent Improvements, and adapted to Farming
dn the United States and British Provinces. With &
‘Treauise upon the Dairy Husbandry of Holland; to
whion Is addod Horefali’s System of Datry Manage-
mont By Onanues L Fuist, Secretary of the Mas-
aschuretis State Bourd of agriculture; author of A
Treatise on Grasses and Forage Planta,” ete. Liber-
ally tllastrated, [12m0,—pp. 416] Boston: Phillips,
Bampson & Vo,
‘This valaable work —altogether tho best and most
complete of its class extant in this country—has passed
{nto the bands of tno enterprising publishers named,
by whom a new cdition has Jast been issued. The
important subjects eoumerated in the title are severally
discussod with ability, and in such style as to interest
and fostract thoee dosiring practical and reliable tnfor-
mation thereupon. Those who wish light upon any
branch of the genoral subject of Milch Cows and Dairy
Farming, will be very likely to find itin this work, while
to every one engaged In tho dairy business {t will prove
invalaable, if not indispensable, As it is by far tho
Dest Amorican Dairy Book published, it must epeedily
Decome the standard authority on that subject, and we
not only cordially commend it to the farming commu-
nity, but especially to the thousands of our readers who
aro elther engagod in or turning thelr attention to
Dalry Hasbaudry.
Kyurrrinc-Worx: A Web of mavy Textures, wroneht
by Rorm Panrixoron, (B, P. Battranse.) [2mo.—
pp. 408] Boston: Brown, Taggara & Ohose
Tn this yolame Dame Panrrmoton has folly ma{n-
tained her reputation es m pleasing hnmorist and in-
structive moralist—for, ludicrous as are many of her
sayings, tho sentiments expressed are generally imbued
with kindness and humanity, and a refreshing sprinkling
of witand wisdom. Combining the sage “ deflections”
of the dame, the fanny doings of the mischief-loving
bot good-hearted Is, the profundity of Dr. Sroonzn,
the folly conceits of Old Booze, and the sober senti-
mentalities of WipeswarTu—with admirable ilustra-
flons by Horrry—the book will amuee ond entertain
many Who ordinarily \gnore meroly humorous works,
Interspersed with tho sayings of Mrs. P. aro many Ono
sketches and brief poems, both humorous and senti-
mental, written in Mr, SurcrAwen’s plensant atyle, and
worthy of being presented, as they are, in a beautifal
Yolume, “Koliting-Work” is truly o “web of many
textures,” well and skillfully wrought, and will ploaso
many classes of renders. Sold by Dannow & Bro.
Tie Lire or Gen. Ganrpatpr. Written by himeclt
‘With Bkotobes of bis Companions in Arma. Trans-
Jated by his Friond and Admirer, Tazoponw Dwrorr,
authorof*'A Toor in Italy in 1821,” The Roman
Teopublic in 1849," etc. Embellished with a fino
Eograved Portrait on Steel. [16mo.—pp. 820.) Now
York; A. 8. Barnos & Burr.
‘Tum publication of tho autoblography of Ganiaupr
is timely, for many aro inquiring about thohero of Italy
—the most popular and estecmed man who participated
in the rocont struggle for Itallan indepondonce. The
{ranslator 1s said to havo a competent knowledge of the
Taian language, to bo woll versod in the Itallan ques-
Mon, and familiar with the leaders in the revolution of
1858 Tho work before us is certainly one of great
Interest, and should be pornsed by all who wish to
understand Italy, and be reliably informed as to the
life of its patriot obief. Bochester—E. Daszow & Bao,
Tow Rowan Question. By E. Anovr, T it
from the Frenoh by H. O00are. Llémo"peesind
New York: D. Appleton & Co,
‘Twrs is a “slashing” work—replete with facts, wit
and satire, The author is evidently not only s genius,
but fally informed in regard to the question discussed ;
indeed he studied it thoroughly In the Papal States,
and therefore speaks or writes advisedly, as well as
eererely, ln exposing the corruptions of tho Govern-
mentof Rome, Treating an {important question in an
able and offective manner—and at a time when the
Sttention of the civilized world is directed to Itsly—
this work cannot fall of exerting a wide Influence,
Rochoster—Avame & Dany,
Sa
Sipxzy Bar-
oe sae 51] Now York: Rudd & Garle-
‘Tnus {sa very intoresting volume, comprising graphic
and no doubt truthful pictares of what occ)
Eastern end of Long Island during the Easier
war, It 4s the moro Interesting and impressive from
the fact that its statements aro given in tho form ofa
diary, “ written by @ mover among, and an ©Jo-witness
of, tho scenes deseribed.” Tho volume is in talquo
and beautiful style, Rechoster—D. M. Dewey,
‘Timopore Parxen’s EXxpgrrencr a5 4 Mrxtsren,
‘With some Account of hie Barly Life, and on
for the Ministry ; contatne rt Lotter from Me
tho Members of the Twenty- th Con;
Soctety of oston. [pP. Tey Beton: Rane Latent
Mx. Panken ts considered one of the most remarka-
dle divines of the present day, from tho fact that ho
ceuaritios 804 boldly proclaims peculiar views in
regard to ‘and cognate subjects. The work
dofore os will provo of intereat to those who wish to
Know more of the man and the religious and moral
exprossea,
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YOREER,
HARK! "TIS THE
LOWLY SIGHING.
t. Hark! ‘tis the low -ly
sigh - ing
‘Of w-phyrso’erthe sea.
Lhe sea - bird swift is fly - ing
Home to its mountain
2S eae Pee
tree.
The faith-fal orb of night
: Haste,ere its rays de - clin-ing;
Haste, by its mel - low
Rt. Dim.
3. Quick - ly
burst the
sore a ese see
ma- gic spell That binds thee to the shore.
O, breathe the word; yes! say fare - well
to those thou’lt meet no
more.
—<—$—$——— —— —
The
i Sa eaes eee s a sees Sei aa ae = =
4. Our home shall be the bil - low; The dark blue vault our dome; sil- ver spray our pil-low; Our joy the saow -y oan.
nya a ;
pa ee ee
Na-ture soft is
sleep - ing;
No harm to thee can come:
Maiden,
cease, oh, cease thy weep - ing:
Fly home
fo my © - cean
—#— <——S sR — —— =F { es =
2 SNS AE Soe ; PSSST STE :
“, e is —— a o e oe — :
Rest-less is my bonny boat: It waits for thee “ me. Swift-ly, gen-tly we will float ; Float o'er the moon - lit sea.
P
2 ® lloalt ™ —_
es fs * er [= 2 Sure: ~ = ae
al Le aa o_@ ss -@ Z sari —e he
——
_.@_@ Gg @ = al i e ==
Then up - om the bounding sea We'll speed our skiff a - long. Waves shall yield to thee and me A hap - py, joy - ous song.
f he ees UE | ee eo a Sse Ss r 4 ® @
es = 6 = ad a : : = Paral _|
See ase eso ae eee ae =
;, es a a ae rare v De rt es) ee aah i
Hearts like thine should know no care; Then fly, my maid, with me; Gen-tly blows the mid - night air, To waft ws o’er the sea.
Spice from New Books.
Young Men in Different Countries.
Epsenp Axoot, in his book, “ Zhe Roman
Question,” makes the following comparison. of
young mon of treuty-fve fn different countries,
After describing the education of young Roman
nobles, he says:
‘One fine day they attain their twenty-fifth year.
At this age an American has already tried his hand
at a dozen trades, made four fortunes, and at least
one bankruptcy, has gone through a couple of cam-
paigns, had a lawsuit, eatablished a new religions
sect, killed half-adozen men with his revolver,
freed a negress, and conquered an island, An
Englishman has passed through some remarkble
examinations, been attached to an embassy, founded
a factory, comforted a Catholic, gone round the
world, and read the complete works of Walter
Scott, A Frenchman has rhymed a tragedy, writ-
ten for two newspapers, been wounded in three
duels, twice attempted suicide, vexed fourteen hus-
bands, and changed his politics nineteentimes. A
German has slashed fifteen of his dearest friends,
swallowed sixty hogsheads of beer and the Philoso-
phy of Hegel, sung eleven thousand couplets, com-
promised a tavern waiting maid, smoked a million
pipes, and been mixed up with, at least, two revo-
lutions. The Roman prince has done nothing,
seen nothing, learnt nothing, loved nothing and
suffered nothing. His parents or guardians open
a cloister gate, take out a young girl as inexpe-
rienced as himself, and tho pair of innocents are
bidden to kneel before a priest, who gives them
permission to becomo parents of another genera-
tion of innocents like themselves.
Watering Places.
“Ang you going to any watering place this
summer?” asked a young friend of Mrs. Pantinc-
Tos, on one of the rainy days the present week.
Sbe had just put up the window to keep out the
damp and disagreeable air, and pulled her hand-
kerchief up over her shoulder to keep off the chill,
“ Watering places,” said she, with a tap on her box,
at the same time looking at Ike, who was engaged
in making a kite out of the last Puritan Recorder,
that the dame had laid by for her Sunday reading;
“watering places I don’t think much of, now-a-
days, There ain’t no need of ’em since the lucky-
motives have run off the stages; but once, as the
old pumps stood by the wayside, under the ambigu-
ous trees, with a hollow log for the cattle to drink
out of, it seemed like a horse in a desert, as some
of ’em used to say.” “My dear madam,” said her
young friend, ‘‘I mean the fashionable watering
placos where people go to spend the summer.”
“0,” she replied, “that’s it, is it? Well, we
needn't go away from home to find a watering place
to-day; and them that do, depend upon it,” and
here she laid her mouth close to his ear, and spoke
in a whisper—“ they go for something else besides
the water.” She gave him a queer look as she said
this, and pointed signiGcantly to the little buffet in
the corner, where an old-fashioned cut-glass decan-
tor stood, surrounded by half a dozen little glasses,
8s if they were young decanters just hatched out;
but what she meant we dare not attempt to explain,
Ike just then finished his kite by burning the holes
for tho belly band with the small point of Mra,
eee scissors, that had been heated red
for the ose.— Knittis
Partington. Purpose.— Knitting Work, by Mrs.
The Transfiguration of Memory.
As there was an hour when the fishermen of
Gallilee saw their Master transfigured, His raiment
white and glistening, and His face like the light,
so are there hours when our whole mortal life
stands forth in celestial radianoe. From our daily
lot falls off every weed of care; from our beart-
friends, every speck and stain of earthly infirmity.
Our horizon widens, and bluo, and amethyst, and
gold touch every object. Absent friends, aad
friends gone On the test fynrncy, staud once More
together, bright with an jimmortal glow, and like
the disciples who saw the ‘aster floating in the
clouds above them, we sey, “ Lord, itis good to be
here!” How fair the wifo, the husband, thoabsent
mother, the gray-haired fathor, the manly son, the
bright-eyed daughter! Seen in theactual present,
all bave some fault, some flaw; bat absent, we sce
them in their permanent and betterselves, Ofour
distant home, we remember not a dark day, not
one servile care, nothing but the echo of its holy
hymns, and the radiance of its bright days—of our
father, not one hasty word, but only the fullness of
hig manly vigor and noble tenderneas—of our
mother, nothing of mortal weakness, but a glorified
form of love—of our brother, not one teasing pro-
voking word of brotherly freedom, but the proud
beauty of his noblest hours—ot our sister, of our
child, only what is fairest and sweetest —7he Min-
istor’s Wooing, by Hannist Buncusn Sows.
Autumn Wight.
Istoop by the window, looking at the moon
rising behind the forest—tho ravaged forest that
lifted its torn trunks, bereft of their summer off-
spring, mutely and pitifully to heaven. The moon
dungeoned by clouds, but gleamed through open
bars, and its vast red disk scemed to set all the
forest ablaze. In the morning there was a wind,
and I walked forth, ushered by troops of leaves,
that rushed before me and danced in my path as if
I were a monarch ; some came clamoring, jostling,
aad eager behind me, like swarm of hungry place-
seckers. But at night the wind was hushed, and
upon the meadows, the garden walks, the ronds,
thedead leaveslay ghostly still. There wasa hush
everywhere, The moon came mately up, the trees
silently darkened themselves against its light, the
shadows crept like ghosts, the roads lay white as
graye stonos, So melancholy and deatblike was
the scene, that I dropped the curtain, and stepping
stealthily back to my chair, wheeled it before the
fire, slumberously droning in the full-mouthed
grate.—“4 Bachelor's Story,” by O.iver Boxoa.
Chimneys,
Toys my hearth, and the fancies that come
to life within its genial circle; so do I love the
green sweetness of summer. But this I claim;—
the great invention of man is the chimney. When
that was conceived, civilization became complete;
humanity was blessed; the barbaric and nomadic
fled before it; peace and good will curled up in
every wreath of smoke that issued from its mouth.
Our chimneys open up to heaven, and through them
ascend burnt incense to all the amenities of life.—
Anold quaint writer calls them “windpipes of
hospitality.”—“4 Bachelor's Story.”
eS ee
We cannot all of us be beautiful, but the pleas-
antness of a good humored look is denied to none.
We can all of us increase and strengthen the fam-
ily affections and delights of homo.
Dn. Franxum observes, “The eyes of others
are the eyes that ruin us. If all but myself were
blind I should want neithor fine houses nor fine
furniture, ‘
He is happy whose circumstances suit his tem-
per; but he is moresexcellent who can suit his
temper to any circumstances.
Ir is with the diseases of the mind as with those
of the body; we are half dead before we under-
stand our disorder, and half cured when we do.
POISON IVY.
Sone time since a correspondent inquired in
this department for a care for the effects of Poison
Toy. To this inquiry we have received many re-
sponses, Natan Hanpina, of Lakeville, N. Y.,
says :—To prevent the poison, rub the part that
it is presumed will be affected, with wild or Great
Colendine, thoroughly; or in winter, with a strong
solution of the herb, To cure when poisoned, use
@ poultice of pulverized blows of hollyhock and
Indian meal. Change every fifteen or twenty
minutes.”
A. Wirson, of Marcellus, N. Y., says:—‘ The
poison from ivy may be cured by salé and strong
vinegar. Ihave been poisoned twige heretofore,
and cured it by three applications as above.”
C.S.E., of Camillus, N. Y., gives the following
remedy :—‘‘Take a muskrat’s tail (if dried the
better ;) cut in pieces half an inch long, crosswise;
put this into ono pint of sweet milk; simmerover
@ slow fire three-quarters of an hour; cool, and
wash the part affected. After six hours, warm
with warm water and apply again. Take a little
pennyroyal or peppermint tea, to protect the
stomach, as it may make you feel a little qualmish.”
D. L. K., of Oaks Corners, N. Y.,says he knows
from experience that the following is a suro cure:
“Take the juice of Lobelia, or Indian tobacco, and
apply it to the part affected, by rubbing it on
freely, It can be found in almost any field in the
summer.’
R. C. P., of Canandaigua, N. Y., gives the fol-
lowing facts in regard to a severe case of poison-
ing and its cure:
Eps. Rurat:—Your correspondent’s inquiry for
a cure for poison from ivy, is answered by the
following facts:—About the year 1885, my father
wishing to use an ointment for sore eyes made
from bittersweet, inquired of parties who were
supposed to know, where it could be found, and
was shown a vine, which from ignorance was sup-
posed to be the article required. They aro both
yines, though not much more similarity exists
between them than between the wood and grape
vine. The root was chosen from which to make
the ointment, and as it was dug, my father chewed
large quantities of it, swallowing the juice. The
samo day the ointment was made, and forthwith
applied to the eyes freely. The result showed
that he was fearfully poisoned, and from on early
experience he was fully aware that it was from
ivy. The slightest contact with it had always
produced more or less irritation and symptoms
of poison. Now irritation and inflammation was
very great and general. The face was swollen so
much that an intimate acquaintance would not
have known it. The eyes were nearly or quite
closed, and large masses of flesh hung down below
the chin from either cheek. The sufferer was con-
fined to the bed, and the worst results anticipated.
An old recipe book was consulted, after several
medical gentlemen had looked very wise and
shaken their heads. Wild turnip, or Indian tur-
nip, was pronounced a remedy by the book, and
‘as it was much esteemed and used for its cooling,
refrigerating qualities, it was decided to try it,
and it alone. It was grated and taken as a pow-
der, consuming in this way all the dry ones that
could be obtained, while green ones were procured
and steeped for a wash, bathing particularly the
face; but as every part was inflamed, the epplics-
tion was more or less general. In this way the
inflammation was abated, and full recovery inati-
‘uted ty & week of ten daye. Hourly was), .sta-
and repeated doses of a teaspoonfal, pro ei
cooling and gratefol, and were kept up until the
recovery was certain. Your correspondent could
hardly imagine a worse case, and yet the cure was
prompt and complete.
Frowenixe Saevps roe Missovr1.—Excuse me,
dear Ruzat, for my presumption in making a few
inquiries through your valuable paper. I seo im
your Runat a short piece on gardening, but given
more particularly to flowers, I should like to
know more about the nature of some of them,
whether they will do to stand in the garden all
winter, whether it is the best to put them outin
the fall or apring, and where they can be had, and
what is the price of the following varietiest—
Thorna, the Double Red and Double White, the
Florse Chestnut, the Double White, the Rose-colored
Wigelia, and the Calycanthus, and much oblige
oneof your manyreaders. As welivein the north-
east corner of Missouri, I suppose it would be difli-
cult to get those flowers here without injoring
them, but I am a great lover of flowers, and having
never seen any of those varieties, I am willing to
risk something to procure them.—M. M. L., Lewis
Co., Missouri, July, 1859.
Rswarxe,—All the varieties mentioned by our
correspondent are perfectly hardy. The Zhorna
are emall trees, the Double White Horsa Ohestnud
is of the same size and habit as the common Horse
Chestnut. The Calycant/us and Wigelia are small
shrubs. They can be obtained at almost any nur-
sery where a good varicty of ornamental trees and
shrubs are kept, and may be planted either in the
autumn or spring. If you have to order them
from a distance it would be best to do so in the
fall, Asagents of eastern nurseries are now pretty
generally traveling over the western country, per-
haps you can order them of one of these. They
may bo sent a long distance safely if properly
packed. The Thorns ond shrubs will cost about
fifty cents each, and the Horse Chestnuts one
dollar.
Tue Soreresr Scceer.—Twenty clerks in a store,
Twenty “hands” in o printing office. Twenty
apprentices in a ship-yard. Twenty men about a
village. All want to get on in the world, and are
expected todo so. On¢ ofthe clerks willrise to be
partner, and make a fortune. One ofthe composi-
tors will own a newspaper, and become an influen-
tial and prosperouscitizen. One of the apprentices
will become a master builder, One of the young
villagers will get a handsome farm, and live likea
patriarch, But which is destined to be the lucky
individual? Lucky? There is no luck about it,
The thing is almost as certain as the rule of three.
The young fellow who will distance his competitor,
is he who masters his business, who preserves bis
integrity, who lives cleanly and purely, who never
gets into debt, who gains friends by deserving
them, and puts his money into the Sayings Bank.
There are some ways to fortune that ook shorter
than this old dusty highway. But the stavnch
men who achieve something really worth having,—
good fortune, good name, anti a serene old age,—
all go this road.—W. ¥. Ledger.
A aoon man, who has seen much of the world,
and is not tired of it, says :—“ The grand essentials
to happiness in this life are, something to do, some-
thing to love, and something to hope for.”
‘aie, wae ros
MOORK’S RURAL NEW-YORKE
ROCHESTER, N. Y., AUGUST 27, 1859,
TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
ie copy, 1 year,....82 | One copy, 6 mo’, 81 00
ree coplea cn eB Thiree “copie 83 80
x opi 0 | Six copies, 5 oF
inteen” 2 ido
e
wer 36 200
Ayrenty coples
birty-Two coples,
And an Extra Copy, free, to every person remitting for a
‘lub of six or more copies; and Two free eoples for every
@ub of Thirty or over. Asa new Half Volume commenced
July 2d, Now 1s Tae Tote to form Clubs for either Six
Months or a Year, All persons who form new clubs to com-
menee with July, or introduce the Runat in localities
where it Is not now taken, will be lberally remunerated for
, thelr time and attention.
"27" Back numbers from April or January ean still be
furnished, if desired. We will send Specimen Numbers,
Show Bills, &c., to all applicants, and to the addresses of a8
many non-subscribers as may be forwarded.
O_o
DOMESTIC NEWS.
Matters at Washington.
Tug statement of the London Zerald, that the
United States Government has officially notified
that of Her Majesty that the United States have
resolved to abandon privateering as a provision of
the maratime Jaw, agreed upon at the Congress of
Paris in 1556, is entirely without foundation. The
administration strictly insists on its retention,
Tue Baden Government has recently made some
declarations regarding the Expatriation question.
It is declared that the Government of Baden does
not require American naturalized citizens, who
have been subjects in Baden, to perform duty in
case they return, even if they have emigrated
without consent—that is, if they return merely
foravisit. Itis presumed that the Expatriation
controversy here, and the last letter of Gen. Cass,
has bad a wholesome influence abroad.
Anour five hundred illegal squatters are on the
lands belonging to the Kaw Indians in Kansas,—
The subject of preventing intrusions of this char-
acter, which extensively prevails, occupies the
attention of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs,
who contemplates the initiation of such means as
will, at least, lessen, if not altogether remove
these abuses, so dangerous to peaceful relations
with the Indians, and from which the United
States are bound to protect them under existing
treaties.
Tae Washington States anticipates the resigna-
tion of Goy. Floyd, on account of continued ill
fe It designates as his successor Hon, Chas,
S0analkner, who for a Tong time occupied thé
chait of the War Committee of the House.
Ma. Warreenesn, who was banished from Mexi-
eo, where he had resided for many years, will now
return to England in the behalf of British bond-
holders, and will exert himself to satisfy their
claims. The church property being the basis of
the transaction by which it is thought some mil-
lions of dollars will be realized for the benefit of
the government, it is not thought that Serdo will
make any pecuniary engagements in New York,
but that he will merely take preliminary steps to
that end, to be submitted to his government for
consideration. His contemplated visit to Presi-
dent Buchanan and Secretary Cass, with a view to
haven full and free talk on Mexican affairs, will
doubtless have the effect to facilitate the negotia-
tions of # treaty satisfactory to both countries.
s
Personal and Political.
Bissor Davis, of South Carolina, has become
almost totally blind. His general health is, how-
ever, good, and his vigorous mental faculties un-
impaired.
Po.iricians are promised a liycly time in Kan-
Bas this fall. They have three regular campaigns
in viow: 1.—Dhat on the Constitution on the first
Tuesday in October. 2—The Territorial election
in November for Delegate and members of the
Territorial Legislature and County Officers. 8—If
the Constitution is adopted, there is a provision by
law for a State clection in December. At this time
O full set of State officers and Legislators are to
be chosen.
Ax election has been held for delegate to Con-
gress in the embryo Territory of Neyada, which
resulted in the choice of a Mr. Hodge, by a vote, so
far as heard from, of 258 to 108 for Judge Crane,
Ty the 4th Congressional district of Kentucky
there is a tie yote betiveen Jas, 8. Christian, dem-
ocrat, and Wm. ©, Anderson, opposition, The
Revised Statutes of the State provide os follows for
e settlement of the votes:
If two ormore persons shall be found to have re-
ceived the highest and an equal number of votes
for the same office, so that the election cannot be
determined among candidates by a plurality of
Yotes, it shall be determined by lot, in such man-
her 4s the board may direct, and in the presence
of not less than thirty-three persons.
The Bonrd referred to consists of the Governor,
Attorney Genoral and Secretary of State, and in
the absence of either, the law provides that the
Auditor or any two of them shall be a board for
examining the returns.
Tue Times has letters from Oregon to the 14th,
Which state that complete returns of the recent
election indicate the defeat of Logan, the Republi-
can eandidate for Congress, and the clection of
Stont, Democrat, by a small majority.
Tux Kansas Territorial Convention met on the
15th inst, at Topeka, and nominated S, W. Jobn-
son, a8 delegate to Congress,
cent election in Oregon for Member of
ounty Commissioners, Judges, Asses-
ti 8 of the Pence, Members of the
were not elected =e Senate, elected
last year, holding for four years, and the Assembly
for two years. Ata legislative caucus held a few
days before the receat adjournment, it was found
for the Democracy to agree upon a can-
to fill the United States Senatorial vacancy,
§ and no choice was made.
A conresponpent of the National Intelligencer
recommends that a National Convention of the
Whigs of the United States be held on the 4th of
July next, at Richmond, Baltimore, or Philadel-
phia, for the purpose of nominating candidates for
the office of President and Vice-President of the
United States, or, if separate nominations be deem-
ed inexpedient, for the purpose of selecting among
the candidates already in the field such as be most
eligible to a majority of the Whig party.
Br later accounts from Salt Lake City we learn
thut the Mormons have nominated, for delegate to
Congress, Captain Hooper, formerly Secretary of
Utah, to succeed Dr, Bernbisel.
News Paragraphs.
Br the report of the Chamber of Commerce, it
appears that there is 252,000,000 pounds of brown
sugar used in the refineries of New York city
every year, producing on an average, 97,000 tuns
of refined sugar. Verily, the sweet tooth of the
country is an enormous one.
Tue assessors in Ohio, under an act of the Legis-
lature, haye endeavored to ascertain the total num-
ber of sheep killed and injured by dogs during the
year 1858. The returns from only a few counties
haye been published, but these disclose a fearful
amount of slaughter. In eleven counties 7,054
were killed, and 9,860 wounded, the aggregate loss
being $25,000.
Tue St. Louis (Mo.) Gazette of the 9th instant,
speaks of the arrival of anumber of Mormons from
Salt Lake in that city, who “report that four or
five thousand recusant Saints will make their exo-
dus from the Valley this summer.
Carr. Pore, the engineer officer haying charge
of the Artesian Well expedition to the waterless
plains of the West, has returned to St. Louis, It
is said that Capt. Pope's experiments prove suc-
cessful, and that he succeeded in obtaining water
by boring to a depth of one thousand four hundred
feet—the water, when found, rising to within fifteen
feet of the surface. He thinks it practicable to
supply the desert locations he bas visited with
water enough to sustain all the travel that may
pass them.
Tue steamer Spread Eagle has returned from
the longest voyage on record, to St. Joseph, Mo.
She went 850 miles above the mouth of the Yellow
Stone, on the Missouri, which is 550 miles further
than any steamboat had ever gone before, and
2,500 above St. Joseph. The trip occupied over
two months, and is, on account of its great length,
one of the most remarkable voyages in the annals
of river navigation.
Tue Overland Friend of China, in an article
referring to the great rebellion in China, remarks
that there was no very clear evidence that it would
succeed, or no great certainty that the govern-
ment would be able to subdue it. A letter from
one of the provinces in partial possession of the
rebels, states that the insurgents were publishing
the Bible or certain parts of it, demolishing idols
or certain Budhistio imngos, opening schools, éc,
Wirsrn five years, in Indiana, there have been
erected twenty-seven hundred school houses, at an
expense of eleven hundred thousand dollars. In
the last year six hundred and fifty school houses
were built at a cost of three hundred thousand dol-
lars. This sum is obtained by a special school tax
that was paid by the people with general cheerful-
ness.
Russian Demand ror American Booxs,—Tho
New York Zvening Post observes that few people
haye any idea of the extent to which some of the
book publishers in New York are interested in the
Russia trade. Last week one publishing firm filled
an order for three hundred dozen American works,
chiefly of American authors, with a few repriots,
for St. Petersburg. These American books go to
stock a circulating library in the Russian Capital,
Tue escapelof the prisoners from the California
State Prison is explained. The rascals were set to
work originally to build their own cells, Taking a
practical view of the subject, they varied slightly
the plans of the architect, and Juid the stones with
reference to the easiest manner of breaking out;
and for the greater convenience, they buried inthe
mortar, drills, bars, chisels, and other tools.
Tue Mining Gazette, published ot Houghton,
Portage Lake, Michigan, states that a new mineral
has been discovered in that locality by Dr. F. A.
Genth, of Philadelphia. He has christened it the
“Whitneyite.” It is an arsenuret, containing
about twelve per cent. of arsenic.
Srate Dest or PennsytyansA.—The Philadel-
phia Jnguirer says the Treasurer of the Common-
wealth advertises for a quarter of a million of
dollars worth of Pennsylvania fives, The dimi-
nution of the State debt progresses quietly and
Steadily at the rate of about $1,000,000 per annum.
The interest is paid regularly, without borrowing,
or the slightest financial difficulty.
Ternripts Gare.—Advices of the 2d inst. from
Picton (N. S.,) received at Boston on the 16th
inst., state that that region had been visited bya
severe gale, doing much damage, and occasioning
a fearful loss of life. On the south side of Prince
Edward Island, especially, the wrecks of vessels
had been numerous, and the loss of life amounted
to fifty,
Is Napoveoy’s Star ox Tan Wane ?—Many men
now in Europe are of opinion that Louis Napo-
leon has reached the zenith of his good luck,
and that his full will be as rapid as his rise. Such
4 suggestion was made soon after the news of the
peace treaty was received. Napoleon does not
appear to have any very warm friends among the
rulers of Europe. Even Rossia, usually Spoken
of as his close ally, has, according to late advices,
assured Prussia of her friendly disposition in any
future European political complications,
ARRIVAL OF THE OVERLAND Mait.—The Over-
land California mail of the 26th ult. arrived at
St. Lonis on the 16th inst. The papers farnish a
few additional items of nows. A fire had occur-
red at Grizzly Flats, which destroyed three build-
ings. Loss not stated. The political excitement
in the State was increasing, and the quarrel be-
tween Senators Broderick and Gwin had reached
Personalities of the grossest character. Advices
from the Sandwich Islands state that the new ten
Per cent. tariff was not to be enforced until Sep-
tember, 1860.
Discoveny ov ax Isuaxv.—The New Bedford
Mercury \earns by a private letter that Captain
R. D, Eldridge, of the bark Amazon, of Fairhaven,
has discovered on island in the Pacific Ocean,
several hundred miles from any land Jaid down on
the charts. Captain Eldridge soys of the island;
“Tt is in latitude 045 N., andlongitude 176 35 W.;
very low and dangerous, and is, I expect, the last
resting place of the crew of some of the ships
which have missed in years gone by. I ran along
the lee side within a pistol shot of the beach, but
it was too rough to land; and after convincing
myself that there was no living person upon the
island, squared away again. On the highest part
of the island is a house apparently built from
pieces of a wreck, with a flagstaff at one end, from
which still dangled the halyard block. Near the
house were several Jittle bummucks, each with a
tall upright stone upon it, evidently the graves of
the poor fellows who had escaped from the wreck
of their vessel, and died on this dreary spot, where
perhaps they had spent months vainly looking for
& passing sail to relieve them from their weary
prison.”
From Porto Canexio.—The bark Dellett has
arrived at Philadelphia with Porto Cabello dates
of the 1st inst. Gen. Falcon, at the head of 500
revolutionists, had landed a few miles below Porto
Cabello, and being joined by Gen. Guevara, was
preparing to attack the city. He had prepared a
plan to enter the city, but it had been foiled by the
arrest of his accomplice in the city. Falcon was
enabled to make the landing he had, through the
complicity of some of the government officials.—
None of the Government vessels interfered until
the landing was effected. Porto Cabello was de-
fended by 200 government troops and 6 pieces of
artillery,
Destructive ConrLaGRation At Osweco.—The
Ontario Grain Elevator, owned by Frederick F.
Cunnington, was burned on the morning of the
17th, with the exception of the engine building.—
The warehouse contained about 150,000 bushels of
Chicago spring wheat and corn. Loss estimated
at $150,000. Insured mostly in New York Com-
panies. A Canadian schooner, lying at the ware-
house, was badly burned.
FOREIGN NEWS.
We gather the following intelligence from the
files of European journals received during the
week:
Great Bairary.—The English Parliament passed
all estimates, It was expected to adjourn on the
18th,
Volunteers for the 30,000 naval reserve will en-
ter for five years, and will be to the navy what the
militia is to the army.
The steamship Great Eastern will be delivered
by her contractors, completed, on the 18th of Au-
gust.
The strike among the builders at Tondon was
more serious. It was iprpected that 40,000 would
be unemployed the day the steamer sailed.
On the Sth the aflais of Italy were debated in
both houses of Parliament. Inthe House of Lords
the Marquis of Normandy inquired if there was
any objection to produce the papers relative to the
project of peace, transmitted to Austria before the
treaty of Villafranca, He denounced the conduct
of the government as one-sided, and as evincing
no desire to maintain neutrality. Lord Wood-
house, in reply, reiterated the statement that Eng-
land sent terms of peace to Austria at the request
of France, but without giving any advice or ex-
pressing sn opinion on the subject. He said it
would be most inconvenient to produce the docu-
ments in the present state of negotiations,
In the House of Commons, Lord Elcho moved
nn address to the Queen, declaring that it would
be inconsistent with the honor and dignity of
England, after having preserved a strict neutrali-
ty, to take part in any conference settling the
details of the peace, the preliminaries of which
baying already been arranged between the Emper-
ors of France and Austria. He praised the neu-
tral course of the late Governor, and censured the
anti-Austrian feeling evinced by the present Cabi-
net, Mr, Gladstone said that Lord Elcho's motion
was not relevant to the present position of affairs,
The government had no intention of taking part
in settling the details of the peace on the basis of
the Villafranca treaty, The belligerents them-
selyes would settle those details, and what would
remain to be settled would be the great question
of European policy, in which he thought England
should play her traditional part. He defended the
government, and called for a decisive vote against
the resolution. Lord Jobn Russell again pro-
claimed that the government had not the slightest
intention to go into a Huropean Congress to settle
the details of the peace of Villafranca. Nobody
ever invited them to do so, He admitted that
there were difficulties in the way of the govern-
ment entering in the Congress, and matters were
in that state that no determination had been come
to. He appealed to the House to leave the ques-
tion in the hands of the Ministers, who would
decide when the whole facts of the case were before
them,
France.—A telegram from Paris says, all ves-
sels at different ports are being disarmed, and
those in Rhodes have been ordered back into port,
Disarmament has also commenced nt Toulon, and
orders given to disband all sailors having seryed
five years,
The one hundred and fifty millions unexpended
of the late loan is to be devoted to internal im-
provements,
The Zurich Conference met on the Sth, accord-
ing to the announcement, The Conference was
fully constituted as follows:
eae Collerodo and Baron Merfen-
rg.
Teor Baron Bourguney and Marquis Bourne-
ville.
Sardinia—Cheyalier Desambors and Chevalier
Jococan.
he government of Zurich had welcomed the
Embassadors, and were to give them a public din-
neron the llth. The first formal sitting of the
Congress took place on the Sth, at which the Sar-
dinion representatives assisted. The second sit-
ting was on the Sth, but nothing transpired ag to
the proceedings. a
The Paris correspondent of the Times says the
Sardinian Minister of Foreign Affuirs had declared
to Count Russell, the French Commissioner, that
Sardinia could not accede to the terms of France
80 far as to make efforts to have the Grand Dukes
recalled, and that it would be preposterous to ex-
pect Piedmont to do so, contrary to the wishes and
interest of Italy.
The Paris Constitutionel has an article from the
pen of M. Capngnac, entitled “Ingratitude of
Italy,” in which the Italians are reminded of the
immense obstacles which beset the Emperor at
the very beginning of the war, but which were
faced and surmounted by his single will, and he
reminds Italy of these obstacles. The article con-
cludes with the following menace :—Italy must
know that if the powerful band which is extended
for a moment over her is withdrawn, neither the
fine speeches of the English Parliament nor the
sterile sympathies of the Liberal party in Europe
would hinder Austria from dominating again in
Italy, and this time from Turin to Messina.
Ausraia.—The Zimes’ Vienna correspondent
says the Prussian note of the 29d of August will
probably put on end to the discussion between
Austria aud Prussia, as it is clearly proved that
the Emperor Napoleon made a statement at Villa-
franca which was not perfectly correct. The
Journal of St. Petersburgh also declares itself in
power to state “that not only were no bases for
mediation agreed to, but not even discussed,”—
The writer adds that having had the experience
that he was deceived at Villafranca, the Emperor,
Francis Joseph, may probably come to the con-
clusion that it will be better in the future to leave
diplomatic matters to his Minister of Foreign
Affairs.
Trary.—It is again stated that Piedmont for-
mally declines entering the Italian confederacy, if
Austria forms a part of it,
It was reported that an attempt was made to
poison Garibaldi.
Ixpra.—The Calcutta mails of July 5th had been
telegraphed. The European troops were accept-
ing their discharge in large nambers. The muti-
neers at Berhampore had returned to dety, except
40, who will be court-martialed.
Comsenorat— Breadstufs,— Richardeon, Spence &
Co, quote breadstuffs very dull, Flour 10@12d. Wheat
very do}l_and quotations barely maintained, Western
red 7s0d@9s; white 9s@9s6, “A small parcel of new
Southern white brought 1le@11a6d, Corn dull; mixed
and zeliaw Ss6d@6s; white 7e@Tesd. Pork dull, Lard
jal
Clippings from Foreign Journals.
Tue obstinate courage of the Austrians was so
conspicuous at one point of the battle of Solfe-
rino, in returning again and again to dispute an
important point, that the French actually cheered
them,
A Panis correspondent says of Napoleon, that
he is by race an Italian, by birth a Dutchman, by
school education a German, by military education
a Swiss, by political studies an Englishman, an
by his crown he is a Wrenchinan. ,
Tae Coburgs and the Lutchenbergs are the luck
iest furnilies in Europe. Poor and numerous, they
have within a few years given kings, and consorts,
and empresses to England, Portugal, Belgium,
Sweden, Brazil, and married into the Imperial
House of Pussia.
Victor Estanven seems to have gained as much
popularity by not participating in the peace of
Villafranca as Napoleon lost by adopting it. All
Northern Italy is eager to attach itself to bim.
Lombardy has accepted him as sovereign. Tus-
capy has voted in fayor of annexation to his
realm. Parma and Placenza have sworn alle-
giance to him as King. Modena has proposed to
submit to him as Dictator. Bologna bas petition-
ed him to assume the control of the affairs of the
Romagna; and even Elba bas sent on address
praying that the island may become part of the
Sardinian Kingdom.
Axonxa the dispossessed crowned heads who
solicit reinstatement at the bands of foreign
Powers, a new claimant has started his grievances
in the person of Gustayus Vasa, now in Vienna,
who, on the death of King Oscar, (Bernadotte,)
claims to ascend the Swedish throne of bis an-
cestors. He has notified his claim to the Courts
of Berlin, Petersburg, London, and Copenhagen,
From the King of Denmark he is not likely to
obtain recognition, inasmuch as the last news
from Stockholm states the sudden arrival of his
Danish Majesty on board his yacht Falk, on a visit
to the new sovereign, Charles XV,
Tr is announced that steps are in progress for the
organization of a land company in London with
a capital of $500,000, to be devoted to the pur-
chase and settlement of lands in Illinois. The
Prairie Land and Emigration Company state that
a conditional purchase has been made of 250,000
acres of prairie land from the Illinois Central Rail-
road Company; that when the sale is completed
the company will not be in any way connected
with the Illinois Central Railroad or its affairs,
but will hold the land by direct tenure in free-
hold.
A secret manifesto, announcing the only solu-
tion to the intricate question which has been rais-
ed by the war, is said to have been distributed
throughout Lombardy. This solution purports to
be the election of Garibaldi as dictator, which
would immediately rally the whole of Italy be-
neath the banner of the only chief accepted by all
Italians—the only one whose disinterested patriot-
ism has inspired confidence in all parties, Gari-
baldi has had no yoice in the affair, which has
been got up by some of the members of the ex-
Municipality of Milan, who, alarmed at the revolu-
tionary turn which affairs are taking in that city,
seek to arrive at the solving of the problem at
once, by accepting all its consequences without
disguise, and thus avoiding the bloodshed and
opposition which must arise from the false position
in which all parties at present stand,
Tux 16th inst. was the fete day of the Emperor
Napoleon, and he was to make his entrance into
Paris at the head of his troops, All the regiments
that took part with him in the campaign were rep-
The News Condenser.
Tho King of Siam has named a gon George Wash-
ington. .
— Italy ts about as targo tm territory as three such
States as Ohio.
—The N. Y.and Erle Railroad hos gone into the-
hands of the recelyar.
— The accounts from the sugar and cotton region tm
Louisiana are favorable.
—Thero isa frm doing business In St Louis under
the namo of “ Livepoor & Dierich.”
— A ship load of N, Y. adventurers aro going to dig
gold Im the grave-yards of Chitique.
— A Boston firm announces the first diroct importa-
tion of goods from Japan at that port,
— A slight frost made its appearance in tho Northern
and Western parts of Michigan, July 27,
— Mt Vesuvius fs still blazing away, Reeina and
Porticl are now thought to be in danger.
— The N, Y, City anthorities have determined there
shall not be a pig left on Manhattan Island.
— Twenty-eight thousand dollars in premiums aro to
be awarded at the next State Fair at St, Louis.
— A lettor from Gen. Walker announces that he will
head another company for Niagara Sept, 18th.
— The Michigan State Prison for the last six months
has earned $1,725; $25 more than {ls expenses,
— It is stated that plumbago, in inexhaustible quan-
lities, has been found about Pozzle mountain, Mo,
— The Buenos Ayres Government haye resolved not
to molest neutral vessels or goods during the war.
— There are 211,583 free-masons in the United States,
and the income of the lodges amounts to $1,450,000,
— Fredonia, N. Y., itis stated by the Gas-Light Jour-
nal, {s supplied by natural gas which issues from a rock.
— Corn, says the Greensbury (La) Imperial, suM™-
ciently ripe to grind, was gathered on the Sth of July!
—M. DeLaye, the rival of Blondin, succeeded in
crossing the Genesee {in this city, on a rope, Tuesday
week.
— Leavenworth city, Kansas, gives its credit for
$100,000 to ald the construction of a railroad to Fort
Riley.
— In Detroit, paupers who keep dogs got no ald from
the poor-fund. They are expected to keep themselves,
Right,
— There were exported from Virginia between Oc-
tober Ist, 1858 and July 1st, 1959, 2,401,719 bushels of
oysters.
— The Faculty of Yale College have decided to build
a gymnasium for the use of the students, at a cost of
$10,000.
—A boy died last week in Plympton, Mass,, in con-
sequence of the bite of a mud turtle with which he was
playing.
— President Nott, of Union College, is reported as
having submilted his resignation to the Board of
Trustees.
—The Cincinnatl Gazette learns from tho wine-
growers of Ohio that the grape crop is excoedingly
promising.
—A horse mackerel, weighing 614 pounds, was
eeught In the harbor at Marblehead, Mass,, on Wednes-
day week.
—It 1s rumored that the Rothschild brothers are
about to retiring to private live with thelr litoral “world
of wealth.’
— Florida papers state that the crops of corn and
cotton in most portious of that State promise an abun
dant yield.
— Itis currently reported that an American cannot
travel in Sonora without belong massacred, or robbed of
everything,
— There was $3,764,996 worth of copper taken out of
the Cliff mine in Lake Superior from its opening in
1846 to 1859,
— The cholera is raging terribly in Japan, Itis said
that it has carried off several hundred thousand souls in
Jeddo alone,
— Two brook trout have been caught in the Andro-
scoggin river in Maine, one weighing ten and the other
eight pounds,
— In Ohio, Missouri, North Carolina, Texas, &e,, &0.,
where the grape is most cullivated, the yield promises
to be abundant
— The N. Y. City Inspector cautions the people of that
city about buying pork, because so many hogs ure dying
with the cholera,
— The sbip Ocean, Capt. Gifford, arrived at New Bed-
ford ast week with 1,900 barrels of eperm oll after 84
months absence.
—Rey. Wm. H. Channing, of Liverpool, Eng., has
accepted the oall of the Thirteenth Congregational
Church in Boston.
— There are 310 churches in Philadelphia free from
taxation, the property of which Js assessed at nearly
four million dollars.
— The State of Missouri 1s 818 miles long from east
to west, and 278 broad from north to south. 1t contains
67,280 square miles,
— Tho number of applications for patents during the
present year 1s about 9,990—within 1,500 of the num-
ber of those of 1859,
— Tho Papal government has allowed Mr, Edward N.
Perking, of Boston, $9,400 damages for the robbery of
his party at Perugia.
— The Milwaukee News says there 18 a convention of
bankers in that city, to consider the subject of establish-
ing a Clearing House.
— At the Queen’s ball in London, recently, the Duch-
ess of Richmond carried $150,000 on her head in the
shape of a diamond tara,
—A convention of 166 delegates has assembled ot
Denver City to take steps to form Pike’s Peak district
{nto “Jefferson Territory.”
— The Grond Trunk ratlway of Canada fs discarding
all wooden bridgos, and substituting iron onca of tho
moat endurable character,
— Prof. Agassiz is expected to attend the next meet
ing of the British Association, ‘The meotvg will be
held &tAberdeen, in Soptember.
—The Emperor of Austria has commenced trying
some of his Generals by Court Martial. Gen. Urban
las been dismissed from service.
— It is announced that Charles Dickens intends to
visit this country, and read here publicly during the
wiuter, as he has done In England. 8
are con e
Pais Maw Orleate Tce Pry yellow fever
elty upon the fact that no ‘
has occurred this acason in that place,
—Tho clock at Westminster, England, bas cost the
nation $110,000. Punch says it a strong exemplification
resented in the display, which was doubtless one
of the most magnificent in the annals of military
triumphs. A banquet for 75,000 persons in the park
at St. Cloud is a part of the programme.
of the homely truth, “Time la Money,”
_— Pho taxes Jaid by the British Government this yeor
amount to $445,000,000. Interest on the National Debt
140,000,000; army and navy 130,000,000,
OS Ga
CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER.
Pack
a7
a7
@ AGRICULTURAL
Small Experiments........-.+.
‘The Farmers’ Oopartnerships,
Baropean Agricultare. .
Coal Ashes a8 & Manure for Grass Lands.
377, 218
‘Wheat Culture—Time of Sowing: 78
Mr, Johnston on Time of Sowing Wheat. = on
Bees—Reply to Mr, Brail. 28
Wintering Stock—Cut Feed.
A Raral Letter on Varlous Toples. -
Seeding to Grass .......n20000"
‘The Great Wool Falr—A Sussestion..
Gapesin Chickens. - mean _the Wheat Midze in
cat ae for Seed; Hints on Poor Parm-
ing... aevesenees nenevucseerr neene
Agricultural Miscellany, — The Dayton Wheat;
‘American Institate Palr; The State Fair; Ae’l Fair of
the American Institate: A Steam Cultivator; The Barly
Ripe Wheat: Number of Seeds in a Bushel ........+-»--
HORTICULTURAL,
Geneere Valley Hort. Society...
Blackberries and Cabbage...
Double White Petunta, (Illustrated).
A New Enemy to Vines ........5
Experience with a Young Orchard
Herbaceous Peontes, &c..
Inquiries and Anawers.—Dwart and Standard Cher-
rles; Dwarf Trees; Male and Female Pampkins; Depth
of Planting Dwarf Pears; Pears on Apple Stocks, &c.;
DOMESTIC ECONOMY. =
Crisp Ginger Cake: Ginger-Bread Nuts; Ginger HA
© + Gold Cake: Blackberry Syrup; Cure-
Rive: Hiserberry Jama for Oolds: Staking Hard 800
How to Knit Railroad" Stockings
LADIES’ OLIO,
Y's th tting, (Poetical=), Better Trust All,
Pa oie oo rntat ith the Pinte Ones; Why
‘American Women are Delicate; Gana Mother Forget?, 250
OHOICE MISCELLANY,
light, (Poetical ;] Mind Your Own Busl-
Lr Ae a atten Ball in the Hat;
Happiness in Childhood; Truth Better than Can'
SABBATH MUSINGS.
‘The Timely Lesson; Jesus; The Religion of the Heart, 230
THE REVIEWER.
‘The Progressive Primary Arithmetic; The Progressive
Intellectual Arithmgtic; The Progressive Practical
Arithmetic; Milch Cows and Dairy Farming; Knitting
Work: The Life of Gen, Garibaldi; The Roman Ques-
tion; Personal Recollections of the American Revolu-
tlon; Theodore Parker's Experience as a NEP...
SPICE PROM NEW BOOKS.
Young Men in Different Countries; Watering Places;
Pea eansiaratlon of Memory; Autumn Nigl
G
. 8
a8
78
78
m8
78
39
230
21
YOUNG RURALIST.
Polson Ivy; Flowering Shrubs for Missouri; The Sim-
lest Secret........ a Sinisa ann wash ore MOL
STORY TELLER
‘The Old Farm House, (Poetical ;] In the Country, -. Bt
a
LIST OF NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
Keep it Before the People—George G. Evans.
The Progressive Arithmeuics—D. W. Fish, Agent.
Patent lurn-Table Apple Parer—Lockey & Howland.
Theodore Parker's Experience a3 o Minister —Rufus
ton, Jr,
‘A Windsor County Farm—Henry Dearborn.
Strawberry Plants for Sale—J. S Haskins,
Torrty Dottans Pes Monta.—Wanted, good Book
Canvassers at $30 per month, and expenses paid.
Address 8. F, PRENCH & CO,
502-4 121 Nassau street, Now York.
Markets, Conrmerce, &
Bnav New-Yonxer 0)
| Rochester, Aug. 22, }
Froon Is without changé, elther in price or Amount 0
transactions.
‘Gnaiy—Wheat is beginning to come into market in suffi;
clent quantities to fix rates. Therange is from #1,20 to$1,25
for both Genesee and Canadian. Inferlor grades of corn
are falling off somewhat—prime holds to former rates. No
other change in this department,
Beer js still dull, with a considerable decline In {inferior
grades. “Tip top" only is sought after at full rates.
Woot—We noted the firmness in wool last week, and now
chronicle an advance equal to 8 cents ® pound for cholce
samples,
Fuorrs AND Roors—Apples are quite plenty In market,
and a considerable falling off !s noted, Potatoes are yery
plenty and of superior quality—they now sell at 38@50 cents
® bushel,
|
heen
Rochester Wholesale Prices.
FLoor AND Grarm. -.10c
Honey, box 15@15e
Candies, box. 2G 180
Favits an)
Apples, bushel 5G
z
ees
Hipes AND Skins.
Slanghter
Call
Produce and Provision Markets,
NEW YORK, Ang, 22.—Froun—Market
Fbbi better, Sales a 1308480 for tupertine suas it
44,55
old:
extra
iG 4,75 for Reka
fes unsound Chi
arta at 700; hio at 1400; new white Ken.
tucky, 1 180c ; old do, 125; new red Southern 14@126c:
new white Southern 1Me: old
onp.& Rye firmer,
1h for mess; 813,! 013,25 for thin do;
Rrahiccheaa, mee gia, ly
BUPPALO, Aug, ‘2.—Proun—Moderately fete (i and
PGRN NRCS tin. sate att Fi
Bet lakes os tren red Mu oe
before New York regeney, Poway advance of le, Sales
01s at BSc,
AUBIN, Aug. 2 —Fioun axp Meat—The Lond Gas
wi
Wena, toca Gemand, particularly fo:
SGmameWhedt fi
KcWheab firmer, with iQ limited supp!
jour at 43,95, Corn meal is
es and a fair
full Soadvance. Tn other grains route ek eitls seh Is
i
of
‘he is Ushi
cotalerabie advance Jouruh 24 bolders are asking a
TORONTO, Is extres
all, Holder eri bo disposition, to come fhiomeny,
sales
for
Toes for extra This re at
tac seen os jon con!
‘nd oats are held at an advance
ani
1.
ashiel,
it hs
OSWEGO, Aug. 2.—Frovn—In moderate demand for the
ie, interior and Canudlan trade, Sales at $450 froo
how pring Wlical: €5,00 from red winter: €5,00 from wilte
wijeaix—Wheat firm; choice grades held generally above
— irm; choice
ws of buyera | Sal Chicago spring No.1. to
Srrive;on "Gorn in rood demand and market uachang-
t
Sates Tilinols at Toe.
The Cattle Markets.
ANEW YORK, Aug. 17.—he ourreat prises for the week
Dixy Carrie Pirst quality, @ cwt,. #9,75@1095: ordins-
A; common
705 do, #7.50@835; Inferior do,
Bowes asco Oarves—First
ality, #50,00@60,00; ordinary
do. #10@50; common do, 00@40,00; inferior do, 920,00
saat Oaures Pint gallty, # B.. &@EMe: ordinary do,
0; common do, Kase; Inferior do.
‘Biker —Prime quality, # head, €5,00@6,00;
ominary do, #c0v@476; common do, #900400; Inferior
0, $2,085 00, cs
jwuie- viet quality, 5X @6e; other qualities, 54@5%e.
ALBANY, Aue, 22—Oarrie—The recelpta have fallen off
néarly 1,(00 bead from the previous weeks, say since July
11th, and the quality of the present offerings
lofetlor or “scallawag" order, prices bave not advanced.
Of the 2500 head in market this week, not one third can be
Cees good beeves. Many of them cannot be classed
48 good stores.
We quote prices this week the ename as last, the market
~5 @5K
4 Gi4
» B4@3K
3 @3y
eing of the
24GB
eure heayy andoalea Oa
r
CAMBRIDGE, Avg. 17,—At market 1935 cattle, about 1200
ves, and 7%) stores, consisting of working oxen, cows,
and one, two and three years old.
Paices—Market beef— Ext 97,25@7,75; first quality,
35@0,0; second do, @,75@0,00; third do, #450@0,00;
ordinury do. #3,35,
Wourixo Oxin—#80, 1000140 # pale.
Ws AND CALVES —$25,
wo years old, $17,008
Sroxes — Yearliny
24,00; three years old. #25 00@32,00,
REP AND Lawns—5000 at market, Prices—in lots, #1,00
@),50. Extra and Selections, $2,00@250@3,00.
Hipes—74@7Kc WM. Pelts, 56@t2e each,
Oar Sarxs—12@l3c Bm. Tallow, 76740 ¥ D.
Vear Oarves—t2.5@7.00,
BRIGHTON. Aug, 18.—At market, 1600 beeves, 400 stores,
6,000 sheep and lambs, and 1,000 swine, =
UaTTLA—Extra, $3,00@01,00; first quality, $7,75@
09,00; second quality, 26.79; third quality, @6,00@0,
Workino Oxex—#100@ 14
Mivcu Cows—#11@15; common, #18019,
VEAL Catyes—$2,75, 3,00@4,00,
Broae eae 99@12; two years old, #17@24; three
years old, $2@
rare ae salt ata 12@180 RD.
‘ALLOW—Sales al .
Sueur axp Lanns—$1,00@1,60; extra, $3,50@8,00,
i
73—Hh@NC each.
Swine—Spring pigs, 6c; retail, 6@8e; stores, wholesale,
Gc; fat hogs, 6c.
PHILADELPHIA, Aug. 17—The supply of beef eattle
this week was very’ good, amounting to 1,750 bead at the
two Drove Yards, The quality of cattle was much better
than for several weeks previous, as most of those offered
were from Pennsylvania, The market was rather dull, and
rices had a downward tendency. Sales were made at
rom 87) to 84, 4 and #10 ® 100 ms, only prime cattle
realizing the lust named figure.
Siexe—This market continues to be well supplied, the
offeriogs amounting to over 8000, Bales were brisk at prices
ranging from 7) to 8% cents # D,, nes.
Cows—There is but little demand for this kind of stock,
the sales only amounting to 125 head, at prices ranging from
920 to @60 for inferior and prime,
TORONTO, Aug, 20.—Beef is plentiful, and first-class
cattle are nol worth more than $4.50 to 84,75 @ 100 ih, In-
ferlor cattle are unsalable, and business generally contin-
ues dull. Sheep are plentiful at $2.6 to #3,00 each. Lamba
are worih & 3d to 83 9d each. Calves are held ab @3 to 4
each, with a yery limited demand,
The Wool Markets.
NEW YORK, Aug. 18—The market for mostly all kinda
of wool is very qulet, owing, in part to the firmness of
holders. consequently the sales havo been confined to mall
lots at full previous prices. ‘The majority of the trade now
begin to realize that they pursued @ wrong course in rush-
ing into the interlor at the commencement of the shearing
season, and purchasing liberally at the extreme rates cur-
fen}, bk the, manufacturers assert they have been driven
fo this expedient by the uotlon of dealers In years gone by,
charging too exorbitant rates., Very tnany of the
sequently, bougbha. six months’ supply, and eome Na
reduced thelr préductinn, owing to larze Importations @
goods from abroad, and @ declining market for manufac-
tured goods, in consequence, are offering a portion of thelr
purchases in anticipation of buying on more accommoda-
ting terms later in the season, But still greater stringency
manifests itself in the money market. Men of means will
hot part with their wool at any essential concession from
current prices. Meanwhile the producers are well supplied
and will not come Into market as early as anticipated,
ferring to work up their stock and ascertain more partlc
larly the prospects of the fall trade; that those are encoura-
ging Is by no means conceded—hence, the disposition to be
cautiousin the purchase of the raw material In the absence
of any desire to speculats ‘The transactions include 10,00
Ms. native fleeces at 34@55c for common to full blood; 40,000
tts. pulled at from 30@50c, as to quality: 35 bales Donskol
at (sc; 75 do Mediterranean, and 100 do Mestizo on pri-
vate terms, We quote;
Am. Saxony fleece, # D.
Am. foll blood Merino ..
led .
California, fing, ‘unwashed
California, common do ,
Peruvian, washed,
§. American, unwashed.
§& Am. Cordova, washed,
East India, washed
Sto;
full
Alarriages.
Is Mt. Morris, on the evening of the 17th Inst., by the
Rev. Dr. L. Pansoxs, GARRETT 0, TALLMAN and EVA
D. WEEKS, eldest daughter of Waurer O, Wkxes, Esq.
Deaths.
Is this clty, on Suadny morning, the Qist 4
sumption, WALTER Bi. TOMPRING, used i years.
Ar Erie, Pennsylvania,“A\ it Sth, 1859, T! “
apr pes ia, August th, ‘HOMAS MOOR.
Advertisements.
Terms of Advertising —Twenty-Piye Cents aline, each
Insertion. A price and a half for extra display, or 37} cts,
perline of space. Srecta, Notices —following reading mat-
ter, leaded — Fifty Cente a Line, each Insertion, IN ADVANCE.
2 The circulation of the Roza New-Yonrun far exceeds
that of any similar journal in America or Europe, rendering
it altogether the best Advertising Medium of \ts class,
Sze WBERRY PLANTS FOR SALE.—Hovey's
Seedling, Large Early Scarlet, Barr's Ni -
fon Gone, #¢ver LoD): Oushing and Hooker, ¢5 per i,000.
Penfield, Monroe Co., N. Y.
ATENT TURN-TABLE APPLE PARER.
‘Tats Machine is on an entirely new principle, Tt has no
snapplag oF reverse motion: is mad
of iron aud not lable to eet out of
order; is so simple in construction,
at chil jolent strength
to place an apple on the fork and turn
ank, can as readily
adults, Itw ples of any size
and shape, fectly over
‘Uneven surtac the work
th fens rapidity, Its success the
ach tak (ls the besh Pare In the
it is the rarer e
‘orld. Every Mi led
ry Machine Is warran|
to Eire, eatatactlon, and will be sold at reasonable prices,
A ea can be obtained of the Agricul-
tural und Hardware Deal st 2 ‘1
orof ) LOOKEY & HOWLAND, Leoningier ass
Proprietors and Manufacturers,
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-
WIN) Lis UNTY FARM !—One of the bi
‘about 250 me oT ‘Deit rieh lovervale, worth ‘Soo an
acre! Good Pastures and lent Tila, Alarge
i wety beat Spruce ee La a cate. a sot
‘ugar SEO
House. 3 Baras and 2 Sheds: with food water, on a good
etage village, and
HENRY. DEARBORN,
Woodstock, Vermont.
HODOHE PAREBER'S
EXPERIENCE AS A MINISTER,
With Some Account of his Early Life and Edu-
cation for the Ministry,
tained Ina Letter from him to the Members of the
Cont panty: Elgbts Congregutional Society of Boston.
With the Farewell Letter of the Soclety to Mr. Pankzn,
and other Correspondence,
12mo, cloth...
+60 cents,
Josr Popusino BY
RUFUS LEIGHTON, Jz.,
508-16 112 WASHINGTON S8P,, BOSTON.
iy ES
™ PROGR ESSIVa
ARITHMETICS.
the ‘uptt Hele prbelioas witli,
0) e pup, prac wa fi
tin to The reas Ousiness of cotive ie
ROBINSON’S NEW ELEMENTARY ALGEBRA,
Will be ready for use September 20th. It will be acleai
and simple treatise, and contain besides a very large num-
ber of practical examples, an introductory chapter com-
Dining the princtples of Arithmetic and Algebra, in which
the simplicity of Mental Algebra and the spirit of the au-
thor’s University Algebra are so blended that it cannot fail
ta bea most useful and popular text book.
ROBINSON'S UNIVERSITY ALGEBRA—REVISED.
This book requires only to be known to be almost univer-
sally used. No book of the kind has ever been s0 favorably
recelved orso enthusinstically ndmired as this. It is filled
with gems, and most of them original with the author.
‘Single copies of the above books will be sent pre-paid to
teachers, for examination, with reference to introduction,
on the receipt of the following prices in stamps or money, viz:
‘Tre Proonesstve Pai ary ARITHMETIO. ..
‘Tur PRooRwssive LNTELUBCTUAL ARITHMETK
Tar PaOGRESSIVE PRACTICAL ARITHMETIC.
Ronixson’s New EvemesTany AUGENRA
RoniNson's UNIVERSITY ALGBDRA.,
Ropinson's Geomerny AND TaiooNomeray, revised and
onlarged, will be ready November lst,
Sanpers' ANALYSIS oP Exouisn Woans, price 50 cts,, just
published and emphatically a practical book. It contains
‘a higher style of exercises in orthography, and is designed
for older scholars and advanced classes, Every teacher
should examine it,
A New Desoniprive OATALOGUR, santaining 160 pages, of
notices, testimonials, and reviews, &c., of the American
Educational Series, will be sent to any address, pre-paid,
upon application.
The most liberal terms will be given for the first intro-
duction of any of the books belonging to said Series,
Books may be obtained for examination, or introduc-
tion, or any information pertaining to the same, by address-
ing the Publishers or their General Agent for Introduction.
IViSON & PHINNEY, Publishers,
43 and 60 Walker street, New York.
D, W. Fisn, Agent, Rochester, N, ¥, 603
K=* IT BEFORE THE PEOPLE
THROUGHOUT THE UNITED STATES.
GEORGE G. EVANS,
Wo. 439 Chestnut Street,
PHILADELPHIA,
ORIGIMATOR
or THR
GIFT BOOK JRUSINESS,
AND PROPRIETOR OnyitE
OLDEST AND LARGEST
GIFT BOOK ESTABLISHMENT
IN THE WORLD,
Calls attention to the fact that he has made such arrange-
ments with other publishers and manufacturers, that it
gives him pleasure to offer
GREATER INDUCEMENTS
than ever, and such that
CANNOT BE EQUALLED
by any other Gif Book House In the world.
ALL BOOES
are sold at the
PUBLISHERS’
AND 4
SPLENDID GIFT,
WORTH FROM
50 CENTS TO $100,
18 GIVEN WITH EACH BOOK.
You can select from the
LARGEST STOCK OF BOOKS
IN THE COUNTRY,
And by complying with the directions as given in the
Catalogue, you will recelye your Book
FRBEB OF BX PENSE
for carriage or mailing, and a guarantee of
NO RISK OF LOSS BY MAIL,
To give an Idea of the extent and the honorable method
of transacting business, we would atate that
PRICES,
3 GOLD AND SILVER WATOHES,
AND OEE
250,000 DOLLARS WORTH OF JEWELRY,
have been
GIVEN AWAY
dnring the past six months, each article of which has
been of the finest quality, and has given satisfaction in
every Instance,
SEND FOR A CATALOGUE,
which will be ent gratis, and which contains a Lst of
Books in every department of literature,
ONE TRIAL WILL ASSURE YOU
of the honorable business transactions of
GHEORGHE G- BVANS,
NO. 499 CHESTNUT STREET,
PHILADELPHIA.
———
AGENTS WANTED,
Who can, with Ggonax G, Evans’ Catalogue, obtain more
subscribers than by any other, a8 the Books and Gifts
enumerated are superior to those of any other House,
Any one, elther male or female, Who desires to engage
IN AN HONORABLE
AND PROFITABLE EMPLOYMENT,
and one that requires but little time, is requested to address
G, @, EVANS, and they will recelre every information
relative to the business,
27 BEWARE OF SENDING TO ANY
BOGUS NEW YORK CONCERN,
Asthere are unprincipled parties who have taken advan-
tage of the similarity of names, and are practicing a decep-
Mion upon the public, We caution all persons against them,
as we have no connection with them whatever,
DO NOT FAIL TO ADDRESS -
GEORGE G- PVANS,
ORIGINATOR OF THB
GIFT BOOK BUSINESS,
NO, 439 CHESTNUT ST.,
PHILADELPHIA.
LL ——— — eh
YORKER.
ONTARIO. FEMALE SEMINARY, CANANDAL-
GUA, itu.
es, It fur
caipeuee
‘iving fuil Information will be forwarded on inhale
N. Y.—The next Session of this pore
tion commences on Wednesdas, the 7th of
With its superior Lirerany and Sorat advan'
nishes Its Pails a cheerful and pleasant Hos.
¢ Principal. (23t) B. RIOHARDS, 4. M,, Prin
SOMBRERO GUANO—SO PER CENT. BONE
PHOSPHATE OF LIME.
‘Try 5 Bags this Fall, on an acre of your poorest land, on
reular and certificate
from those who have ased it. Sold at #30 per tun, 2,000 Bs;
Winter Wheat. Send or write for a
1a Bi t
ams per WO. WOOD & GRANT, New
sly
WM. A. MARTIN
York.
£00, New York.
UGAR AND MOLASSES FROM THE
SORGHO AND IMPHEE,
The best directions to sugar makers snd all who grow or
use these new Sugar Canes, may be found in
Olcoit’s Sorgho and Imphee,
a new edition of which {s Just published, with a supplement,
Pune pew and valuable statistics and experiments by J. S
VERING, in 185%
Orin TSS RICE, ONE DOLLAR.
Sent prepaid by mail on receipt of price,
[2 A Catulogue of one hundred Agricultural Books
sent free to any addre: MOORE.
Agricultural Book Publish
Ben at at
er,
140 Fulton street, New York.
VERY BODY HRHADS rT.
IT IS IMMENSELY POPULAR.
MRS. PARTINGTON’S
NEW BOOK,
ENITTING WoORKH,
Is now ready and for sale everywhere. The advance
orders, amounting to over
10,000 COPIES,
and the great rush for the book, fully prove the immense
popularity of Mra. Partlogton, whose name is
5 A HOUSEHOLD WORD.
“Sam Slick has ran his race.
American humorist; original
uninstructive, We wish it to
incladed in these remarks.
who thinks Itsirful to laugb,””
OLIVER WENDELL HOLM#FS
has said that “Humor must have feelln,
with the omn
humor than ever hé uttered."
SaENRY WARD BEECHER,
Mrs. Partington now Is the
genial, laughable, and not
be understood that “Ine! 1s
No one should buy the book
in it, wit needs
none, Voltaire was awit; but Mra, Partington’s conver.
pat driver has more feeling and
BINITTING WORGB,
By Mra. Pantixoron,
is not wholly a humorous book, but a happy combination
the most beantifal
thoughts and sentiments are scattered among Partingtonian
of philosophy and mirth, in which
rhymes and concelt,
't is elegantly llustrated by
AUGUSTUS HOPPIN,
whose own appreciation of humor has been well applied to
Mrs. PAnrincTon and Tk
BR.
‘The present indications are, that the sale of the book will
even surpass that of the old lady's previous yolume, of
hich
wm ex’ 30,000 COPIES
were sold in a few months after Its lasue,
In 1 Vor. 12M0, Paice $1,25.
BROWN, TAGGARD & CHASE,
Sonat
PUBLISHERS, BOSTON.
No. 562 Broadway.
ZBuMPHR b- 2
__ SPEIFIO
HOMC@oOPaTHIO REME
No. Broadway.
SUMP ERD YT
SPECIFIO
No. 562 Broadway.
Ta.
HUMPHREY
SPECIFIO
No. 562 Broadway.
BuUM™MEHHEYT
BPECIFIO
No. 562 Broadway,
HAVE THESE ADVANTAGES,
and how to take it,
hesitation or delay.
maton of all tinds.
Wetting the Bed.
Wakefulness, and Nervousness of A
and Suinmer Qomplain
on Bloody Fi
Neuralgia.
and Fullness of the Head.
achs, Constipation and Liver,
Suppressed Periods,
and Bearing Down.
Pimples on the Face,
in the Chest, Back, Loins or Limbs,
JVPPPLeeoRy ACADEMY.—Its next year will
commence on MONDAY, AUGUST 234.
501-3t
M, WEED, Principal.
managed Agues.
P.—For Piles, Blind or Bleeding, Internal or
PUIPPS UNION FEMALE SEMINARY
Alb N.
ion, Orleans Co.,
The next School Year of this Institution, commences on
erms, 66e
L. ACHILLES, Proprietor.
BOLL
the first Thursday of September next,
Catalogue at this Office, or apnly to
Albion, N. Y,, Aug, 8, 1859,
For T
0.—For Sore, Weak or Inflamed Eyes and
ing, Weak or Blurred Sight.
obstruction or profuse discharge,
shortening its course,
SE LIME AS A FERTILIZER! —Thero {so
prospect that farmers can pgain grow wheat success.
fully In Western New York, by properly cultivating and
ean)
fertilizers, and stiould be used extensively In renovating
wbscribers, Local
for manurlng
parposes, nt only 12% ols per bustel, a lower rate than ever
enriching the soil, Lime is among the best and
land for wheat and other crops. TI
‘at the Rapids, Roohester, will furnish Lime
fore offered! ‘Try it, Parsocrs,
Rochester, N. ¥., August, 1859.
THOMPSON & MARTIN,
OOlAt
and In all such cases the
tire discase ls often
Gis FOWLS!
OF THE BEST AND PUREST STRAINS, SUCH AS
GAME FOWLS!!
Clippers, Baltimore Top Knots, Tartara,
Derbys, Prince Charles, Rattlers,
Seftons, Mexican or Strychoine, Sergeants,
Btanleyas, Counterfeits, at
rish,
And a number of excellent Crosses. All fowls warranted
Also Cooper's Work on Game Fowls sent to
pure game,
any address for
a
BOl-1at J.
For particulara, address
fe
WILEINS COOPER, Media, Delaware Co, Pa.
adyantage from the previous treatment,
DIES,
HOMGIOPATHIG REMEDIES,
External
HUMPaRaxse SPECIPIC
HOM@OPATHIC REMBEDIES,
HOMCOPATHIC REMBPEDIBS,
HOMCHOPATHIC REMEDIES,
ls ARE HARMLESS! No injury can arise from thelr
THEY ARE SIMPLE! You always know what to take,
THEY ARB CONVENIENT! You can always glve the
medicated proper Sugar Pill at a moment's notice without
THEY ARE EFFICIENT! Thousands are using them In
caring disease, with the most astonishing success.
LIST OF SPECIFIC REMEDIES.
Paver Pruts—For Fever, Congestion and Inflam-
No, 2 Worm Pitts—Por Worm-Feyer, Worm-Collo, and
No. 3. Bany's Prrts— For Gott oe Teething and
No. 4. Diananma Eta wor Diarrhiea, Cholera-Infantam
fo. 5. Dyeauruny Puts —For Colle, Griping, Dysentery,
No. 6, CHotena Pitts—For Cholera, Cholera Morbus,
vomiting.
No. 7. Covom Pris — , Colds, Hoars -
PER eh Samachar Re
No. & Tooru-acux Piis—For Tooth-ache, Face-ache and
No. 9. Hean-Acue Prits—For Head-ache, Vertlgo, Heat
No. 10, Drspxesta Prits—For Weak and Deranged Stom-
No. UL. For FeMaue Inneovtaniries—Seanty Painful or
No. 12 Feats Prrts—For Leucorrhava, Profuse Menses
No; 18, Cuovr Puis—For Croup, Hoarse Cough, Bad
No, 14. Saur Rrevw Prrs—For Eryslpelas, Eruptions,
No, 15, Ragumaric Pruts—For Pain, Lameness or Sorencas
A.—For Fever and Ague, Chill Fever, Dumb Ague, old mis-
Eyelids; Fall-
©,.—For Catarth, of long standing or recent, elther with
W. 0.—For Whooping-Oough, obating its violence and
In all Acutg Diseases, such a3 Fevers, Inflammationa, Di-
arrhies, Dysentery, Croup, Rheumatism, and such eruptive
diseases as Scarlet Fever, Measles and Erysipelas—tho ad-
vantage of giving the proper remedies promptly Is obyioug,
actlikeacharm. The en.
ngs, and in all
*folence of the attack ls moderated, the disease
dnd rendered less dangerous. Even should o physician
afterwards have to be called, hewill take the case atdeclded
Covons and Couns, which are of such frequent occurrence,
and which so often lay the foundation of diseased lungs,
bronchitis and consumption, may all be at once cured by the
Fever and Cough Pills,
In all Oxnosro Diszisea, such reed
ach, Constipation, Liver Senora she ‘ies,
and Irregularities, old Headac!
0 HOUSEKEEPERS. —SOMETHING NEW.
68
pared entirely different from other Saleratus.|
All the deleterious matter extracted in such a)
manner a3 to produce Bread, Biscuit, and all
kinds of Oske, without containing a particle of|
B. T. BABBITT’S
BEST MEDICINAL SALERATUS,
Is maoufactured from common salt, and is pre-
68
70
68
Saleratus when the Bread or Oake is baked
thereby producing wholesome resulta,
through the Bread or Biscuit while Baking; con-
Water and Flour,
ent from other Saleratus,
68
ly like the first—brand as above.
Water and Seldlitz Powders,
IIAKE YOUR OWN SOAP,
AXD with
70>" Tt.
trated Potash.
lash. Putup in cans—I ®,, 2
ft Soap.
AND |Potash in market.
Manufactured and for gale by
B. T. BABBITT,
Nos. 68 and 70 RYashingon st.. New York,
an
Every|
particle of Saleratus Is tarned to gas. and passea|
sequently nothing remains but common Salt, 68
You will readily percelye by
the taste of this Saleratus that it is entirely dilfer-
AND
70}, 1's packed in one pound papers, each wrapper
branded, * B, 1, Babbitt's Best Medicinal Satera-
itus;"’ also, picture, twisted loaf of bread, with a
glass of elfervescing water on the top. When
you purchase one paper you should preserve the;
wrapper, and be particular to get the next exact-
Full directions for making Bread with this Sal-
eratus and Sour Milk or Cream Tartar, will ac-
company each package; also, directions for mak-
ing all kinds of Pastry; also, for making Soda)
Babbitt’s Pure Concen-
Warranted double the strength of ordinary Pot’
Da,, 3 Ds, 6 ms, and
12 h¢.—with full directions for making Hard and
Consumers will find this the cheapest!
No. 38 India st., Boston.
APE VINES,—For sale, at the Schuyler 0
Gt Watkins, No, 180000 Isabell
Central Nurseries, Watkin: 1. Yn )
Grape Vines, 20,000 Oatawba do,; 5,000 Clinton do,
July 29, 1859, (600-6) M.
D, FREER & CO.
whose proper application will alford a cure in
Instance. 0)
ness, has more than paid for the case ten times
in this City, in at our oflice, remarked: "
In every instance when one of the family bas
three or four doses of the COUGH and FE’
or two. The case bas already pal
over.”
ald
ai
pursué bis ayocation without inconvenience,
speaker should be without them.
in the side and considerable
days ule was entirely well.
and
self Improved; and ere he had used an ent
consider elf entirely well,
Preteriotlonsof ayers
PRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL ea
TREHS, PLANTS, dé.
A. FROST & 00. , Proprietors of the Genesee Vall
series, Rochester, N, Y., publish the following Cal
fo represent thelr stock, which
Trees, or Plants, will consult
the toll
Prompt attention Is given all communications.
No, 1, Descriptive Catalogue of Fruita
No. i Descriptive Catalogue of Ornamental Trees, Shrubs,
‘No.8, ‘Descriptive Catalogue of Dahilias, Verbenas, Green.
R
Plants, &c.
sree Whleaile Catalogue or Trade List.
No. 5, Descriptive Catalogue of Flowering Butba, 600-7t
of two years’
month more his bowels had become perfec!
x was ent rel fei
fur- | 2 A young lady of 26 had been tronbli
jogues | for several moi go as to render great care 0)
occuples Three Hun:
Acres.
Kit parties who may desire to purchase Fruit, Ornamental
clr interest by examining
lowing’ Catalogues, which are furnished on application,
V AKH YOUR OWN SOAP.
SAPONTEIER:
OR
PURE CONCENTRATED POTASH.
Warranted donble the strength of ordinary Potash.
feuss will make twelve gallons good stro!
ime and with little trouble, Manufacture:
and
Leos CuzwroaL Woags, New York.
Sold everywhere,
One
Soap, without
ut op In
1,2, 4and 6. cans, in Jumps, with directions, atthe Oust
181 Pearl sireel N.Y oO retore
earl st tN. Y., Prop ett
EACHER.—A Yor a
a Civil Engineer and Surveyor, and also
wishes to engage as Teacher of Mathematics and the
rience a8
Man who bas ha ty Teacher
titation,
Fal Sclences, oF French, In some respectable costings
Best of references given. Address
Bont 2 Darien,
Genesee Co., N. Ys
ic
CIDER AND WINE MILL
This sterling Machine, which from
years has proved itself superion
efficlency to anything in the marl
apple harvest of 1
859.
ever, and where there
eismade if possible bites wall to rend to the mani
We
¢ trot
and (tect long, tot inehes
pa acral, farmers wi
early for a circular.
Serews from inches diameter
7 RTABLE
KOK’S PATENT FOR IES.
test of several
the
int of simplicity ana
Jn pala ow ready for the
diameter and 8 feet long. 6! Feo pce accrem
600.9 . ‘Harrisburgh, Pa,
PILLS have been of great value at our house this
Ongonro CaTAnnH.—A clergyman In a nelghbos
had suffered for many years from an obstinate Cat
which had resisted all attempts for acure, The obstruction
discharge from the nose was constant, destroying both
taste and smell; and at times even {nterfering, from th
change of volce, with his public miaistrations. Almost Im
despair he commenced the use of our Catarrh Specific, and
after the use of only afew pills—one every ni area beg
@ DOX, 001
lori ol
soon as food reuched the stomach, and contain Cra
aching,
almost evs
ften the cure of a single chronic difficulty, su
as Dyspepsia, Piles, or Gatarrh, Headache, or Female
over.
taken @ ool
VER PLL)
vill
pepsia, Weak Stom-
Female Debility
he, Sore or Weak eyes, Qatarrh,
Salt Rheum, and other old eruptions, the case has specifics,
Weak-
FOR COUGHS AND COLDS,—A gentleman, well knowm
Your COUGH
os
given in alternation, have entirely cured the case in a day
for itself several times
COUGHS AND COLDS,—A gentleman, a public lecturer,
took a severe cold the latter part of last month, while travel-
ing and lecturing in northern Pennsylvania, though address-
publiomudiences every evening, yet in two days, by the
of the Specific he was entirely recovered, and cnabled
io DI
BAD COLD.—A married lady of forty had taken a violent
gold, which settled on her nese causing severe cough,
ever and hoarseneas,
colds were usually very lasting and troublesome, bat by tak-
ing the Speciric Couas Pitts four times per day, in three
nr
uch,
as
nh
times per day, with Sraparetes, In little more than a. week
‘ding hud disappeared, and In
right, and tm less than @
Persia Pius, one morning and Dstt, S09 had vanluheds
PRICES.
Morocco Case and Boo!
eh 20 large vials 1” Plain Case and Book.
in
set, 90 large vials in
fil
es, with directions,
siclan’s case, Land two oz.
OUR REMEDIES BY MAIL,
Look
phooatl to our address, at No. 662 Hrondw:
the medicines will be duly returned by
of.chare
io
st
hours of sul
pplaea. to a) alt 8 C9 o!
ve luxury, a doctor; nor to
bilsgred, or bled, but imayyoureel tale
specific, and restore the ruddy current of
and joy. There cannot only no Injury,
uh Dut the general {aftuenoe pon
question is most beneficial.
24 AGENTS WANTED.
We desire an
remedies, in every town or community
F. HUMPHREYS & co.
No. 562 Brosdway, New York.
477-18teow
Address
Sold by all dealers In Rochester,
r the Ist; make up s case of what
rte enclose the amount in 4 current note ane aps
, New York, and
or express, free
sale of our
active efficient agent, pat ited States,
F) _ band-boxes sll A whistle and a ¢
r THE OLD FARM HOUSE. “ Mra. Frrz Jauzs! who cares what she e835?” | pet-bacs, Ay w Advetti
retured my independent spouse. “She may go to | snort, and we are off — whirling away from it and umor, trlisements,
» arn any a —— grass! that’s whereas are going. Sonn? Paes, ta eae ee ——
- Btande » farm-bouse, brows ourdods. Jessr, darling, lsy aside your o ; ‘urer comes the air throw; open windows, | 4 Fanz—The followi ENTUCHY SHED .
i bs og oo ae Jon aba stady the Book of Natore. And, boys |n0w end then glimpses of green; little white| of Seay Fire ao K —
» Gomme wun Senet = Jou shall pisy tag; go hunting, fishing; go bare- | houses half hid among the trees; dark groves and Sotemporary suggests, reminds one of Doesticks'
4 By the path which ane. foot; live in clover; feast yourselves wpou bread | sparkling little streams Broader and broader| , om . 3
Of white sand srownd the lawn, ; 5 a amous programme: >
Grow sweet timothy and clover, 4nd milk, freab butter, fresh eggs; breathe pure grow the fields, fresher still comes the air; @ per- “Our food consists of fish and clams, oysters, Pat
‘Beay as 2 Jane day dawn, air. Ab! what glorious times we will bave im the | fume of clover and sweet-smelling flowers—and lobsters, fish chowder, clam chowder, oysters
fis Bled pald/nicrntng-gheries, country! we are in the country! fried, roasted, boiled, and stewed, and raw; |
‘Jnwp-vp-Jonnies, dabliaa, pinks, — chee ppatsuener eon se roasted clams, stewed clams, fish and clams, fish
Otaster ~ soneentrated beanticn, "Tis like @ little heaven below ! Chapter and oysters, oysters and fish, fish and clams, and
Married by s thousand links; SPARS Kail Took gyerapgeed Mrs Susry’s] Nab aconesitie,ekibdivioWsivpening Mee, |'cizran and ak! Wyaee Esa clans Lae and Ge jomyone
Lnnks of love, the work of natares face. He pushed back bis chair, rose from the ae ners youth to seglhns a oysters and fish; lobsters and clams, and clams resembles the May In color and qualith |
Myrtery of handieraf; table, kissed me good-bye, and was out of the if a to enjoy i Pines) and lobsters; oysters and lobsters, and lobsters Beary as lous us Acdlierrateany
Linke of glory, through which faley bouse ere I recovered from my smazement, Never we. ageiia weer away tn’ and oysters; lobsters and fish, and fish and lob- |
Argedies of perfume wa was a wife taken so completely aback. Had Inot,| To the country! A roomy, old-fashioned farm-| ony pin ; Soarinced the wae of Rex
se heaeafolis.tg to | Douse, with its garden gay with Gowers; its fields Eaazen the crop several ese %
And the gate that ewings before fy only the day before, said boastfully to my aris F : - Pauxrens’ Engoxs are sometimes laughabla A id ‘a
o 4 “ James, I shall | Of Waving grain and orchards of fruit-laden trees— ony mes Jaughabla, Merchants,
And the fence as white as now, cratic friend, “Of course, Mrs. Frrz James, ote cler; 4 the subj oon barf, Baifalo, N. ¥,
thend on vaseline be one of your party.as usual Mr. Satire never | this was ourhome for the summer. We were led | Young clergyman printed a sermon, the subject of une bows Tuy. sa_ |
Which the cus fresete agiow, opposes any of my plans. He would accompany | isto the siry sitting-room by our cheerful, smiling = ich was the necessity for moderate and rational | BB Water to Wehvoan tara ani tN UE cows |
Orownlng them ark many oslors— me to Flanders, if I but said the word” And 1 | hostess, AuntPouy, (I neverknewher other naime, | Tl@xstion, in which occurred the passage, “Men ibe, an TE pe
Tolle, ern aperyans ine remembered that Mrs. Fitz Jawzs replied with one |! bardly think she bad spy,) and tea was soon | "ould baie anid: lay wie=jzhaiaicaple want of ‘
‘As \f rainbows thero had fallen, 7 a cepred aekat yi at Mi & stroke roined it, and the Teligious world was
4 of her gracious smiles, “Indeed, my dear! what ill mention here that Mr. Jeurry dali ee as
Melted {nto rarest dow. ebappy wife you must be. When we were first | appeared to enjoy the milk, butter, etc—TI really | S20 son by reading, “Men should work and
Op Its roof the greenest moses married, Mr, Firz Janes tried to exercise what he | think he did, if one might judge from the quantity | Play loo} ‘ ie ers
Cateb the shadows from tho trees; called a‘busband’s rightfal authority? but — ‘By. . = “Para, said a little boy to his parent one day,
On ita siden red boney-tucklee bat, my dear, there is a great deal in awifds akill- querried Mr. J. of me| “are not ssilors very small men?” + No, my
Make precy ached breese; fuk management. As you say, Mr. Firz Jawes | Ser supper. Treplied, “Jobn, you know what I | dear,” answered the father; “pray, what leads
PRG sare retccts i, would follow me to Flanders, if I but ssid the | think of the country. Enjoy it if you can, but| you to Suppose that they are so very small?”
Wks a wah af shad fasaaeii word!” don’t entertain me with any of the rhapsodies, my | “Becauue,” replied the young ides, smartly, “I
On the clover mantled ground. And I remembered that I then contrasted Mr, oer Bo Joux ox gaton his Seer is silence ont rade other day of a sailor going to sleep in his
7 . the piazza that evening, while the boys scam- | watch.”
b of vin Frrz Jawes’ meek and hen-pecked appearance | ¥P°2 :
year: fecal? Rrape od with Joun’s manly look of self-reliance, and in- | Pered about like young colts, and Jessy introduced] A nurcuen presented a bill for the tenth time to
Chains the shadows to the water, wordly thanked my stars that if Jonn should | herself to the flowers, ; rich skinflint “Tt strikes mo,” anid the latter, pablo habe
Making cool tho summer alr; Sccompany me to Flanders, itwould not be trough | How the children did aot that first week. No| “that this isapretty round bill.” “Yea,” replied this e, and ledees hima ts
And a tiny church, ite steeple fer. sleep for their eyes nor slumber for their eyelids | the butcher, “I've sent it round often enough to ena etal tal a tare ees
Plereing throogh 8 bewer of Leaver, _ Still, I never felt more certain of anything than | fer daybreak. Then a tramp of two or three| make it Sppear 60; and I have called now to get it +
Ts a sure and ¥acred refogo of spending the season at Newport. Had I not | miles before breakfast, to which they returned with squared.”
iy Where the wren her carol weavon a made all my calculations, and had Jonw ever | *Ppetites that did Aunt Pouty’s heart good—did
A Daxpy, who wore a grest profusion of dis-
mond rings, was one day flourishing his fingers
before Robert Brough, the dramatist, with the
idea of impressing him. “T say,” said Brough,
“I'd rather have your hands than yourhead, I
know which could be turned to the beat account.”
Canpip.—A fashionable visitor thus addressed
8 little girl:—' How do you do, my little dear?”
“Very well, I thank you,” she replied. The visi-
tor then added, “Now, my dear, you must a:
howI do.” The child honestly replied, “I don’t
want to know!”
“T at rejoiced, my dear wife, to see you in such
good health,” suid Sparks to his wife. “Health?” WwW Boe 8 RESIN Ee a
was the quick retort; “why, I have had the plague Patented February 22d, £859.
' the ai Thave bee: ed in the manutaa-
ever since I was married.” = fare of ibe Masty Cont led hoes ed aE
B > ive,” said | PYETBO% thoughitand attention tathe construction of wha
Wuar o bad light these candles give,” said | fioreaw wood be ereat want ef the Farmers— lightee
Tom to his wife. Yes, they have just come in,” and cheaper mackine expremly for mowing, thao rel
All around is purest beauty,
Orowned with favor from abow
On whieh angels, from that Aj
Shower admiring smiles of love.
Many years have gathored round ih,
Sommer's rain and winter's snow,
But it stands as firm and porfees
stood in “long ago.”
[MX ¥ Bundoy Times,
opposed my wishes? No wonder, then, I was
completely astonished when he so cooly defeated
my plans withouteven consulting mo, It was too
much for my wifely patience to endure, and then
—0O, crowning thought of all! what would Mrs.
Frvz Jawes say?”
“In the country?” “In tho country!" roared
three lusty voices. Then followed a series of
shouts and yells that more nearly resembled an
Indian pow-wow than anythin; © imaginable.
Amidst all tho noise were distinguishable the
words—" bunting” — “ fishing” —“ bare-foot "—
“hurrah for the country !’.
damage to her store of eatables, and completely
shocked me. Then they arranged their plans for
the day—Mr. Jstivr as much of a child as any of
them.
Oh, such huntings for berries and wild flowers—
such wadings through brooks —such fishings with
pins—such climbings of trees—such comings
home with torn clothes, pants rolled up above the
knees; and little legs so streaked with mud that it
would be difficult to distinguish their original
color, Mr. JeLiry was contented; the boys su-
premely happy, and Jassr—well, she astonished
me more thanall. Her languishing air and studied
walk had disappeared. From morning until eve-
ning she was out of doors; playing with her
brothers — feeding the hens and chickens —learn-
ing to milk—gardening, or strolling in the woods.
Hitherto I had prided mre upon her lady-like
gs
Brockport,
Agents for Moarvs County, . Y,
Then Jack began in quite a frantic manver to
lay about him with an imaginary rake among im-
aginary swaths of hay; managing, in the course
of bis performance, to overturn Josey, who fell
against the table leg, thereby upsetting the con-
been made,
but one morning loo! out of my window, | was her reply; to which he reJoined, “Just come | And now, after the moet thoro
ts of the tea-tray into my lap, This effectually | "°° : » ply 5 | : 4 ta hd togta ia every varlety of Held, and We all ndv and
Written for Moore's Raral New-Yorker. pace ae af s +: aa Ri a 3 daeae Tactually beheld her climbling the barn-yard fence. | in—I should think they had just gone out.” In‘every condition of gram am prepared, with cote sonbe
dence, to off
IN THE COUNTRY.
BY WINNIE WILLIAN. v
_. Chapter “L—A ae Discussion,
‘Tre moving nveide: ok my trede ¥
‘To froezo the blood I have nos ‘ 1
‘Tis my my delight, alone in snmmer shado, :
‘To pipe a slmplo song for thinking boarte.”
[Scene-Breakfast-room. Family assembl6d around
the table which docs not groan wnder its load of eata-
Dies as much as his mastor groansorer it, Said family,
reJoloing in the name of Jexiry, consists of six mom
Dora, viz.:-Jonn Me of family; Jann (my-
wolf) wifo of head; and Jessy, Ju
Joaxy, respective children of Joun wnd Ja
“Mone milk, Jane.” Mr, Jeter passe is
coffeccup. “Nothing but slops, wife—city milk is
abombog.”
“What makes you buy slops, pa? I wouldn't
if I were you,” spoke up Jack, pertly.
“Poor, child, you don’t know what milk is,”
said bis father in a compassionate tone, you
never lived in the country. Why, children, I was
born and brought up on a farm, and I know what
living is. Jack, aren't you ashamed of Fourself—
reaching after the biggest slice? Josey, Josny!
Jaxm, can’t you tend to that child? Gracious!
how those children act!’ So much for city bring-
She caught my look of surprise and said apologeti- Blatce, the great dostcprahiseto this Cae Act
cally—* It’s the quickest way, mamma, besides we ~ | Baral labor-saviny mi saat reaper ne
are in the country!”
How did I enjoy myself? Well, for three days I
persisted in keeping within doors, notwithstanding
the entreaties of husband ond children that I would
join them in. their wajke4 I must confess, that at | =
times the temptation Wer great, but my pride stood
mother would have done under like circumstances,
threatened Jnory with 6 whipping, boxed Jack's
ears; vigorously shook poor, fallen Josny, and
scolded Jessy for permitting such a noise. I then
retired to my room to haveagoodory, and arrange
& programme for future performances, “Some
natural tears I shed,” theo dried gy eyes an
began to think. Now, I knew that if Joun had x
really engaged rooms for us in some country place, | 4 the wey. The fourtn day, having read every
go we must. Then Mrs. Firz James’ words come | book in the house, I stole out into the garden and
back to my mind with singular power :—' A wife's busied myself with the flowers. _Joun noticed me
skillful management is a great deal!” and said, smilingly, “You are improving, wife,”
s A but I pretended not to hear him. “Puton your
aL AGS Ce ee plat | onnet and fake a Walle sald, bus 1 dectinna,
ay apres y Pac ihas: | and they went without me. So the weck passed | T-M composed of 45 letter, smi
For Moore's Rural New.Yorker,
MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA,
* ey Oh
he
> nD, Sunday cam ob, so calm, 10 My 26, 6,11, 23, 43, 17 ina county P ia.
may be Jouy wouldn't bemanaged. ‘* Ay, there's es with Par, Baa Sibared a Holy, 09 My 80, 81, 27, 84, 48 was a Vice-President of the United
thorub,’” Tried. “If it’s ‘to bo” in the coun. | Slorious with séns aMMight little feel ever States.
try, I'l just let Jou know that, although I bend | Fores. oon Af ue can He wacden’, | MY 1: 22, 40,20, 45, 97, 4 was a great American painter,
to his will, I'l not conform to his tastes. He may | (TIPPON down the stairs, and out into the garden ; | y45 36, z, 9, 81, 18, 4,0, 25 is “wisdom applied to prac.
romp and play with the children until Jessy look | PU+ 0 noise, no disturbance. And IJay and list-|”” tiech
like ao dairymaid and the boys resemble young SuscaMpn ser Howpai redial a Senay could My 34, 1, 8, 29, 24, 20, 29, 40 was a Chief Justice of the D. B. DeLAND,
butI tb geen is f thei «a, | bave changed the children so, Sunday in the city United Btates, Acknowledging the favor and patronage which ba)
savages, but I won't join in any of their rustics |" j=" their noisiest day. My 23, 1, 20, 27, 4, 31, 43 was a famous astronomer, bestowed upon blia by the Trade and otiers snes the soon
WU grey eaalebleraear) ations, whites! Seay] syn wlll come wilh us to church, Janz?” said | My Sf, 4, 12, 14, 82, 9, 20 was a celebrated Latin poot. | fone and’ the public recorally, ten ea
tho forencon until it) was , farer, and in every case warranted pure and of superior
5 agement,” etc. Py y nor of Pennsylvania, quullly, Orders respectfully solicited and promptly filled.
ing op! Mr. Juttrr looks very good-natured indeed | W#Y through greon lanes, hearing naught but the | aty 37, 23, 43, 20, 9 1 a town in Now York. 27 Consumers of Raleralas, Cream Turtar, and Bl -Car-
Jessy looked up in amazement from the novel i
; it, | twittering of the songsters, the distant lowing of
throughout dinner, and I say to myself, wait, H *
Jane, until be has satisfied the demands of his | ‘2° cattle, and the chimes of the country bells,
4 There was something in all this that moved me
appetite, and then——. And then, sure enough, 1 art aed cavouninant Th
when dessert is placed upon the table, I open my eh inch ee Fhe ens. °
month with, boys, hand in hand, were walking quietly along —
,
di Id be fal to bi that
My 11, %, 1, 14, 18, 20 was a distinguished Multan | RODAle of So DB Dabax oa toe Witsncri as Gare
Sbtal e.
papcanciness Palrvors Monroe Go,, N. ¥. terme
BOARDMAN, GRAY & Com NEW REALE
PIANO FORTES!
lying by her plate, while the boys regarded their
father with mouth wide open, During all the
fifteen years I had been the wife of Joux Jevurr,
1 bad never heard him Speak 80 crossly before,
My 45, 24, 02, 42, 47, 45 is the chief seat of the religion
of Buddha,
My 5, 25, 39, 26, 41, 4, 12, 63, 34 was w city of Italy which
ft Perfect In Murical Qualities and Mechr and ering
4 tact pale and thin, too; I hadn't noticed it “ What a fanny notion you took into your head | ‘Bere W48a suspicious moisture in Joun’s eyes, and ed Pas ee Si Re od Mi Woeetaed bouniion Hone ae; lng fran
then, 55 i " jost darable Pianos in the Worl
Dac sick, Jomx ?” J asked. this morning, Joux. I presume you are rid of it Jessy was softly murmuring to herself, My 51, 1, 84, 10, 3, 18, 8 was ® cclebrated navigator, re ry 1% octay: “4
and all prices from #195 to
to nize an will be sold at very low
and fect satisfaction
ice
furnished on appilce-
atour .
SIC HALL!
m
468 and 470 Broadway, Albany, N. ¥.
BOARDMAN, GRAY & 00,
by this time, but it rendered the children quite “Doar is the hallowed morn to me
frantic for o while. I really had to banish them When village bells awake the day,
in order to maintain quict. How the little dears Andy ne SPENT =
will enjoy themselves at Newport this summer! Call me from carthly ay:
The bathing will do them #0 much good/ (Here {| We soon reached the church—a simple, unpre-
observed Mr. Jexirr slightly elevate his eye-brows, | ding edifice, in the midst of trees and flowers
Abad sign.) By-the-by, dear, don’t forgettoleave and graves —sad the sexton seated us in a large,
me some money thisnoon. I havesomepurchases | #4¥9Fe pew in the middle isle. Through an open
A B anv C purchased 1,200 acres of land at $1 per acre,
to make.” side door we had glimpse of green and the | acon paying 4000, Sometime afer, 0, on aie it,
“ Yos—I'm sick of living here,” he said, push-
ing his plate from him. “Since we Were marriod,
Jaxx, I haven't spent but a month in the country.
Every summer is passed cither in the noisy, stif-
Ting city—or o crowded, fashionable watering-
place, and I'm sick of it! No wonder the children
@re so unhealthy. Jaxx, do you remember that
“month in thecouniry? Ican almost see the blue
and green grass again,”
My 24, 83, 23, 14 was a celebrated American naval officer,
My whole is a familiar quotation.
Mi. Vernon, Mich., 1859, J. Micros Jomner=x,
E™ Answer in two weeks,
For Moore's Raral New-Yorker,
ARITHMETICAL PROBLEM. *SUUNSELLONS
rt Marke! rest
; “ Was it s good ides, Jase ®” Mr. J. inquired, | Skimmer of silvery water and the goles FY Of | offers to take a certain equare IME.—Page’s Perpetual Kiln, Patented July, 167
hb, yes, remember it perfectly well tanswer-| Ob, it pote sang I See indffer-| thesunlight. In doors—the simple, earnest words | ¥2,the amount of his Stes Bavertor to ap a io hl ee
ed. “I can almost sce the frogs, lizards, cater- ently. of the preacher, the hearty responses and united | each elde of O's lot, and whut dee Bite. Address” Galt)” OD. PACK Rochester,
Pillars, exam tepneey, snd makes again. It was |” won, then, we will put it into execution,” he | Praises of the congregation, I shall never forget, | #¢re? Id. W.
charming
Harmony, Chaut, Ce., N. Y., 1859,
$7 Avewer in two weeks.
: For Moore's Rural New-Yerker,
K POETICAL PROBLEM.
Ir twenty sheep cat seven tons
And a half # tun of bay,
‘Ten lambs consume one-seventh as much,
rejoined. “Next Monday we will start — for the
country! Whatwas that you said about Newport,
dear? I hardly think the children will realize
much benefit from the bathing this season.” And
laying a roll of bills by my plate, Mr. Jeuiry took
himself out of the house. I was very much pro-
voked, but as I did not believe in quarreling and
That singing—the roof of the old church fairly
jarred with
“Be Thon, O God, exalted high”
and I felt—ob, so humbled.
When we were out Josy turned to me and said,
“Jayn, I feel jst as I used to when a boy, saying
my ‘Now I lay me’ at my mother’s knee, with her
Mr. Jntirr looked vexed, and said, “Nonsense,
Jaxn, you know you enjoyed yourself grandly.”
“Of course, Jomx, grandly! Wading through
long, wot grass; chased by cows and turkey-gob-
dlers; kept awake nights by frog-cencerts; and
burned and tanned by the sun until I resembled a
Indian. Yes, on the whole, I enjoyed myself
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
THE LARGEST CIRCULATED
Agricultural, Literary and Family Weekly,
16 PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY
BY D. D. T. MOORE, ROCHESTER, N. Y.
Office, Union Buildings, Opposite the Court House, Buffalo St.
scolding, I determined to put on the best face Pos- | soft hand upon my head, I fancied I could see the And twenty pounds each day;
Mr. Jnuivr i k sible until we were safely arrived ‘in the coun- | angels then. Here, in Gon’s blessed sunshine I ox mach wil ninety beep and lambs TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
ment, while aoe cmp ee try”— and then—/ see them now,” and he reverently bared his head. aaa Oe Two Dollars a Year—#i ca wix months, 74 Cate
i ivi in si inkis rey J _ ne Four, bd sad
“Wall, wife, since you enjoyed it so much, sup- So I quietly made my preparations — receiving | We walked home in silence, but I kept thinking. Kalame Mice ine Teertax, | 84 Anente as follows ;— Three Copies 0
0; Ten, and one free, for
in the meanwhile a call from Mrs, Frrz Jaurs, and one free to club agent, for #10; Ten,
Pose we spend a few weeks this summer—in the
country, “In the country, my dear Mrs. Jeciyr! Is that
$15; Blxteen, and one free, for #23; Twenty. 004 one free,
re
+
SI b+ | for #86: Thirtytwo, and two tree, for 66h (or Trty for
; B Vbrter. ‘at same rate —only 01,25
Flanders!” Ab, such s sarcasti : Idon’t For Moore's Rural New: $97,2,) and any greater nomber v "fen Sabscribers
: what I'ssid, I only know that I blushed BIDDLE. Bet copy —with an.extra copy for 7 7 eoonetran
| fidgetted very uneasily in my chair, and wish- neighbor Fae
ed her some where else. Then she rolled away in| Place ona ey a ialte mnalasctod is teat which be rales;
her carriage with an air of lofty disdain—snd 1 uy ts was devoted,
went to my room and had a good ery! ay -cheeked OF] serige Meyda W.EW.
“Ts it in the country ye are going ma'am!” ask- ee on
er aeons cea green pastures” salty.)
Saint Parsicx have mercy on us!” And Binpr i y
flew around the house al) day as if half a dozen ue
snakes were at her heels.
Monday came, and at the appointed time we are
all safely stowed away in the cars—children, car-
om me Roma ie only 2% cents per quarter
ree Fr of thie State, and 64 cents to any other Btate, if
pald quarterly ln advance at the post-oflice where recelred.
3
TWO DOLLARS A YEAR]
“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.”
VOL. X. NO. 36.5
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
‘AN ORIQINAL WRERLY
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER.
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE,
‘With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors.
TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
Two Dollars a Yenr—#) for six montha To Clubs
and Agents as follows:—Three Coples one year, for $5; Six,
and one free to clud agent, for #10; Ten, and one free, for
915; Bixteen, and one free, for #23; Twenty, and one free,
for #25; Thirty-two, and two free, for #10, (or Thirty for
#57,00,) and any greater number at same rate —only $1,25
per eopy—with an extra copy for every Ten Subscribers
ever Thirty, Club papers sent to different Post-offices, if de-
wired. Aswe pre-pay American postage on papers sent to
the British Provinces, our Canadian agents and friends must
add 12} cents per copy to the club rates of the Ronan—
The lowest price of copies sent to Europe, &c., ls only #2,-
50—Including postage.
£27 All communications, and business letters, should be
MOORE, Rochester, N, ¥.
HARVESTING CORN, &c.
~~ Corr, Bears and Porarors are the principal
erops that now remain to be harvested, Ave made freely during the week at 24 ® bushel, and
Ne grantowig rate have been nccepte Peas are in falr de-
He) Snel wll we eayueds receipts, For a good sample 23 61@
does net come In freely, and prices have had an up.
Feiecr sar iaes Gace aaeeet ate
lots on p. t.—Journal,
BOSTON, Aug. 95.—There has been a good dema
fleece and pulled, and the salea of the week Bye been ae
wards of 175,000 a, at full prices, ranging from 40@bse for
ty. The transactions in foreign comprise
les Mediterranean and South
fleece, as to qualil
760 bales Cape, and 200 bal:
American, at full prices.
fin 55@60
mmon .
Pulled, extra... :
Do, superfine...
Do, No. 1
Marriages.
Ar Brighton, on the 24th Inst., at the residence of the
bride's father, by the Rey. Mr. Wioks. Mr. JOHN OHISHOLM
SMYLES, of De Witt, Iowa, and Miss EMMA L., daughter
of H. H. Hovtoy, Esq,
Deaths.
At Rochester, N. Y.. on Monday, Aug. 22d, of dysentery,
Mra. MARY LANGLOSS, widow of the late Euan Lana:
1038, aged 43 years,
Ar St. Paul, Minn., on the morning of the 12th of Augunt,
GEORGIE, onty child of Heay B, and Sopara A. Bostwick,
aged one year and five months,
Advertisements.
Prime quality, @ bead, #5,50@5,00
a et H
mason do, #hi0@L00: interior
Be" doadeo: interior doy
se hina: Saar ow eSuvoesiotoy tatetor de 6300
ber is restricted, and only a few ‘Vacancles re-
e filled,
ol rooms ‘are in Bicknell’s Block, eorner of
atreet and Plymouth Avenue. oP epring
CARD.
We, the undersigned, patrops of the Boys’ Train!
School, would take this opportunity to express our entire
satisfaction with the able, pleasant and faithfal manner in
which, for the year past, Prof. NicHOLS has conducted the
education of our children and words.
our cb
ees EA. Hopking,
SD. Walbrides,
Mi.
& D. Porte:
Thomas Kerpsh: oS:
jomas Ke: ap
Oana ae H. 8. Fairebiid,
Zohn Willaias E Pethine Smith,
jenedic * Huntington,
N.G. Hawley, [504-3] C.J, Hayden.
OCHESTER FEMALE ACADEMY.—The Full
Term of this flourishing Institation Will commence on
THURSDAY, Ist September next.
The Trustees, with renewed pleasure and increased confi-
dence, would commend it to the public, us having achieved
during the past year, a good work, the need of which was
deeply felt by parents and guardians. The accomplished
lady Princloal bas more than fulfilled the high expectations
which were formed of her, in the thoroughness of class {n-
structions, in the remarkable stores of knowledge with
which she illustrates her subjects, in her quiet and Indy-like
manners, in her gentleness and patience Ln admonition and
discipline, and all together in the faithfulness and success
with which she has conducted the education of the young
ladies of her charge,
The Princip f the Academy will be assisted by teach-
ers of the hizhest reputation in thelr several departmen
viz,:—Misa Marion McGregor, ic; Miss Parsons ani
Miss Kedder, in English studies; Miss Murdock, in Draw-
Ing; Mrs. Canfield, in Painting; and Profs. Surbridge and
Brachett a Modern Languages.
Rochester, N, Yo, AMEUSHIS IB. Oo eae
esiden!
ISAAO HILTS.
THOMAS KEMPSHALL.
FREEMAN OLARKE.
Tuos, 0. Moxtcomenr, Secretary. 504-98
THE WATER-CURE JOURNAL AND HERALD
OF HEALTH.—Foor Copies will be sent to subscribers
4 months for $1, commencing with the September number,
Send orders to FOWLER & WELLS
BOLE 808 Broadway, New York.
ANFORD’S FEED MILL.—This remarkable Mill
has been Improved in size, capacity and strength, and
fully tested as to ite working pow
recommend it to the public. It will
80 that I can safely
grind from five to elght
bushels of corn per hour, and many other kinds of gra'n
much faster. Many improvements haye been made to it,
and I am now prepared to fill orders for the largest size.
All the objections to the common cast-iron rotary mills
are obviated by this Mill. Only about two horse-power,
with 200 revolutions per » is required.
Price of largest size, now ready,
Bratenalsesteil aeartnepes tee Sede aie his
ready, an j
according to size, from 20,00 to #1000, YY
RL. HOWARD, Manufacturer,
50i-4t Bullulo, N. Y.
Hee TWENTY-FIVE CENTS._THE WATER-
CURE JOURNAL will be sent to subscribers 4 months
for 25 cents, or 4 copies for $1. Address
604-26 FOWLER & WELLS, No, 208 Broadway, N, Y.
OHNSTON’S BEAN HARVESTER,—A man with
‘@ horse can harvest from 6 to $ acres of Beans, with
this Harvester, in a day. ‘The roots are generally cut off
about one inch below the surface, and are left in the
ground. The bashes are usually left etanding, in the most
perfect condition for curing and for gathering and pitching
to the wagon. Its “ie Hean Harvester against the world,
and what farmers have long wan
Only a limited number will be made for this year. For-
ward your orders immediately.
Every Harvester warranted. Price, 915,00.
BL. HOWARD, Only Manufacturer,
OLAt Builalo, N. ¥.
GQTRAWBERRY SEEDS.—the subscriber offers for
sale, put up In packages containing more than 15,000
seeds from alot collected this present season from anew
Jantation of four acres, in consequence of the fruit becom-
fhe soft, eritty and unsaleable, on account of the elght days
spell of rainy weather at the Ume of ripening. It ia main
from the following choice war/oties; Honey. Longworth
foADoV, ston Pine, mh fenny, Larly
Scarlet and Waiker's Seedlin
To the amateur, or any one wiy'{nz to see developed the
NS
ie a NUORSERY
FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES,
us customers,
ell
fe id,
vi ero)
en the of the Proprietors to cultivate largely
varieties which have been fully tested and worthy of gen
cultivation, All orders sent to them, will be packed with
damp moss around the roots, in matted bales or boxes, in
the best manner.
Apries—Standard—Grafted on Seedling Stocks, 6 to 7 feet.
Aprie—D warf—Budded on Doucain Apple, 2'% to 8 feet.
ea) dard—Budded on Beene tocks, 4 to 6 feot,
Do., Dwarf—Budded on French Quince; 3 to 5 feet.
Peacu Taees—Branched low, fine plants, budded, 3 to 5 feet.
¥—Standard—Budded on Mazzard Stocks, 5 to 7
Dwarf—Budded on Mahaleb Stock, 3 to 6 feet.
Concord, Hartford
and
was
Do..
Guava Vives —Of Diana, Delaware,
Prolific, Rebecea, and the leading sorta.
Biacknnnies—New Rochelle or Lawton.
Rasbaunnies—A general assorunent, including Doolitile’s
SEnETRine est’ Ensllsh sorte, Inclading ‘Honghto
ERERRI! fest English sort including Hor ns
Seedling, a variety that never mildews—an enormous
bearer.
Cuxnaxrs—OF the leading corts.
RuveaED—Linnwus, Giant, Victoria, Prince Albert
STRAWBERRY PLANTS.
Wiison's Auaanr, Triomene Dx GAxp. TRoLLora’s VICTORIA,
Hooken, Scorr’s SkEDLING, LONGWoRTH'S PROLIFIC, #1,60
ner 100 45,00 per 1,000.
Old Sorts of well-tested varieties, $1,00 per 100; $6 per 1,000,
Good time to plant Is Ist to 16th of Reptember.
Bs 2 (ORNAMENTAL.
scipvows—Horso Chestnut, Mountain Ash, Catalpa, Silver
Maple. Auten, Snowball Siren, Weeuln Trees, &e
‘ir, Norway
Evenonexs Tarps —Balsam,
Pine, Arbor Vitm, &,, &c. BRB OG: Boake
new and improved varieties tat vay be produced. from
t gy is now "10
package of this need, the opportu’ Dow presented.
ny one located jn the new or.um yj Hed parta of the coun.
try, thls Is the most convenlepW nd econpmloal way of}}
procuring Strawberry Planta,
Pick, $1,00 PER Parse, A Wheral discount made to the
trade. ‘Address ELIZUR E, OLARKE,
New Haven, Conn.,
inclosing $1,00, and a package of seed will be sent by return
of mail, postage paid, to any part of the country, as directed.
Full directions to plant and cultlyate, accompany each
paper. B013t
N3 DRUGS—NO POISON!—THE WATER-
CURE JOURNAL and HERSLD OF HEALTH, will be
sent, on trial, four months for 2 cents. Address
54-2 FOWLER & WELLS, No. 308 Broadway, N. Y.
i pea TREES! TREES:::
FOR THE AUTUMN OF 1859,
‘Tre Sonscrimens invite the attention of Nonaenyaex,
DEALERS and PLANTERS, to their large and fine Stock of
‘Ayre Trees—Standard and Dwarf—one to four years old;
strong and well-crown.
Pasar Taevs—Diarf, 89,000 2 and 3 years—fine, strong and
healthy trees, and of sorts most approved on the quince,
Pear Trevs—Standard; a large and fine assortment of the
most desirable kinds,
Ouenay Trees—Standard and Dwarf—one, two and three
qeare, in large supply and beautiful trees, and of the
est sorts.
Prac Trees—One year: Plum. years: Orange. Quince, &¢.
Onrnaxts—Red Dutch, White Dutch, Cherry, Victoria, &c,
Goosknxnnmes—American Seedling and the best English
sorta,
RaspaeRntes—The leading sorta In large quantities,
Biaccnennurs—Lanton largely—Dorchester and Newman's
ornless,
Ravnans—Downine’'s Colossal. Cahoon's Mammoth, and a
large supply of Mvatt’s Linnaeus.
Garr Vines—With the best facilities for and the best care
in propagating, we are epabled to offer Delaware,
Diana, Rebecea, Cocord Hartord Proto, and
many other new and old sorts, with the best forelen
Varieties for growing under glass, Strong plants by the
dozen, or hundred, or larger quantities,
EvyenonerNs—Norway Spruce, Balsam Fir, Scotch, Norway
‘and White Pines, Red Cedar, Am. Arbor Vit, &c.
Dxoipvovs Trees AND Sunups—Horse Qhestnut, Mt, Ash,
‘Am. Linden. Maples, Am, Ohestnut, Am. and European
Ash, Judas Tree, Laburoum, Snow Ball, Purple Fringe,
Althea, &e.
Rost Glinbin and Hybrid Perpetuals—a fine assortment
of stron lant
Henoe Putte Amn. Arbor Vitwe, Red Cedar Privet, Osage
Orange, ko.
Srocks For Norserrmex—A fine supply of ange rs Quince,
Pear Plum, Cherry, (Mazgard and Mabaleb,) one year
old, and Apple Stocks 2 years old.
T. C. MAXWELL & BRO.
Geneva, Ontarlo Co., N. ¥., Sept. 1, 1859. 5O4-5t
‘Terms of Advertising — Twenty-Five Cents a line, each
Insertion. A price and a half for extra dist lay, or 8734 cts.
perline of space, SexciaL Novices—following reading mat-
20, AGENTS WANTED, TO ENGAGE IN AN
. honorable business, which pays from #8 to #5 per day,
For particulars, address M. M- SANaony, Brasher Falls, N.Y;
PHxsioLoGy AND THE LAWS OF LIFE,
given in THE WATER-CURE JOURNAL and HERALD
OF HEALTH, Sent 4 months, on triad, for 25 cents. BO1-2t
NOE A HEMBUG —Wanted, one oF more Yonne Men
3 arent hate to travel, 4 etia wt be pals $20 to ais
per mon! expenses.” For particulai ress wit!
Hamp, M. BeALLEN & 00,, Plalstow, Nl SOLioe
FARM FOR SALI
VALUABL' Bas BB, arr
Dairy, or
Stock Farm—with eommodious Baildings and cholce Fruit,
For terms, apply to oF to the
le, Monroe Coun!
WILL!
ity.
bag acc TAM GARBUTT,
GAINESVILLE FEMALE SEMINARY, —The
reputation of this Institation become so gencrally
known, thatthe Proprietors deem it unnecessary longer to
Ppycolaricey in regard to its advantages for the education
vadies,
The Fall Term will commence on THURSDAY. Sent. 8th,
For Catal ELD
CASS 4
‘W GROCERY ESTABLISHMENT,
No. 20 Front Street, Rochester, N. ¥.
RVIS & DUNBAR have opened a Groot
lot of Grocerles—eas,
Prunes, Zante Cu
c, (504-13¢
for Butter, Bay
Cy
est market prise paid
Store where
Coffees, A
GREAT SALE OF REAL ESTATE,
WITH YALUABLE BUILDINGS,
At Olcott, Niagara Co., Oct. 18th, 1859,
Tux Executors of the Bstate of Jacon Avaniont, (de-
ceased,) will sell at Public Auction, on the day aboye
named, the following property, to wit:
Ist, The Brick Hotel known as the Grove House, with all
the buildings connected therewith, and about one acre of
Jand, The buildings are large, nearly new, and cost some
five or six thousand dollars.
Ad. The Steam Saw-MiLG nearly new, bullt by the de-
ceased ata cost of four or five thousand dollars, and fur-
nished with power sufficient for sawing, nnd other machin
ery, with land sufficient for the purposes of the mill.
G4. Ninety-six nores of land with valuable timber, lying
about one mile west of Olcott, known as the Hopkins Creek
Farm, ns
4th.” Seventy-five acres of timbered land, lying about fonr
miles southwest of Olcott. This {sa valuable wood lot, and
will be sold all together or in parcels, a3 We and purchasers
ma ec,
Sth: Two valuable village lots In West Olcott, in the cen-
tre of the village, opposite Messrs. Outwater's store, Also,
several choice lots in East Olcott.
‘The property above enumerated must be sold, and other
valuable property will probably be offered. The village of
Olcott is located at the mouth of the Eighteen-Mile Creek,
on the shore of Lake Ontario; and for beauty of scenery,
fertility of soll, salubrity of climate, good roads, water,
fruit, freedom from frosts, Srouth, or flood, the count
around it cannot be excelled by anything in the State. Alt
persons desiring to purchase will come and see, as this will
bearare chance for a bargalt Sale to commence at 10
cy - M.
Trnats Oy Sate. —AN sums under 41,000, one quarter down,
and balance in three equal annual instalmenta, with inter-
est: all sums over $1,000, one quarter down, and the balance
In five equal annual instalments, with Interest. Good
bankable paper, due in three oF four months, will be taken
jeu of cash, {f desired.
Any inf ining to the above can be had by
adireaing BN Abumtaut, at Yates, Orleans Co,, or A.
WernEnwax, at Olcott. N. ALBRIGHT,
501Steow BN. Marien Wax, Executors,
HEALS,
Th
PPINESS AND LONG LIFE —
Hight CURE JOURNAL aud HERALD OF
HEALTH will be sent to subscribers four months, com-
Mencingiwiti the Beplember number—now ready—for 25
BaF FOWLER & WEL
No, 308 Broadway, New York.
S,—For sale, at the Schuyler Gounty
rural Wren Watkins, N. Y.. 130,000 Isabella
‘tawrba.do.; 5,000 Olinton ‘to,
One MLD. FREER & CO.
Roses—A very large’ stock ef the finest varieties Hybrid
Perpetual, Bourbon, Tea. Moss, Chmbite es
Boxnous Roors—| Tullos, Hyacinths, Crocus, Lilies, Gla-
diolaa, for planting in September,
Hany Borner Paxts—Of Dielytra Spectabills, Phloxes,
tions. Piootees Spireas, Chrrsanthemusns,
Gneks Hous PLaxts—A cholce collection.
Catalogues sent on application by inclosing stamp.
W. T, & E, SMIT!
H
Geneva Nursery, Geneva, N, Y.
FR AND ORNAMENTAL TREES
FOR THE AUTUMN OF 1859.
ELLWANGER & BARRY have the pleasure of announc-
ing, as usual, an immense stock of Fralt and Ornamental
‘Trees, Shrubs and Plants for the ensuing Fall trade, and
solicit early orders, In every department the stock {9 of
the finest description, miporands MaAUhy, and beautiful The
SOLIt
Bw HARDY GRAPBES,.
Isabella, Catawba, Clinton,
Lh c. Thy are
arrigues,
Manhattan,
Massachusetts White,
Franklin,
Elsinbure,
North America,
Cassidy,
Lincoln,
Wright's Tsab
Dalen Vilage
Mammo
ns,
~ Winslow,
Black German, or Martoa
To Kal .
Venanze or ‘Miner's! Port of Ohio.
f hi
a ee a thelr mualteemebtruited, and therefore cam
‘or full and detailed estan the soc
e
prices, terms, &c., we refer to
which will be sent gratis, pre-p: “ail who inclose ono
ip for each:
No, 1,—Descriptive Catalogue of Fruita ~
No, 2D itive Catal ft
a 2. aed, ie ‘atalogue of Ornamental Trees, Shruba,
0.
+ ken
—Descriptive Catalogue of Dahlias,
pcre Halalognalg Green-house and
Bedding Plas
No, 4—Wholesile Catalogue for Nurserymen, D
Giders who purchase in large quanulessoe a
ELLWANGEE & Bal
N.Y,
GAME FOWLS
OL Mount Hope Nursertes, Rochester,
AME FOWLS!
Clippers,
Derb;
Bertone,
Tartars,
Rattlers,
Mexican oF strychnine, Sergeants
BNTUCKHKY SEED WHEATS.
MAY WHEAT,
HULL
utmost pains have been taken bythe proprietors personally,
and their assistants, to insure accuracy, and to this poin
and the general excellence of the stock, E. & B. golici
especial attention, Prices moderate and terms liberal, as
will be seen by reference to the Priced Catalogues named
below. Parties interested are invited to examine the stock
in the grounds, and consult the Priced Catalogues before
purchasing elsewhere.
‘The Frult Department embraces Standard Fruit Trees for
Orchards, embracing all the most esteemed and valuable
sorts for different parts of the country.
Dwanr Trees, for Gardens—all the best varieties adapted
to garden culture in this farm.
Graves, hardy varieties, including all the new ones worthy
of cultivation, (See Special Advertisement.)
Gnarea, Foreign, for vineries, including the Muscat, Ham-
bro’, Stockwood Golden Hamburg, Lady Downs and other
new celebrated sorts.
SrRawnennies—All the American and Forelgn varieties of
proved excellence in this country.
BiAckwennies—Dorchester and New Rochelle or Lawton;
of the latter, a great stock of strong planta.
Goosknernres—the best English sorts, and a great stock of
the American Seedling, that bears wonderful crops and Is
exempt from mildew.
Ourrants—White Grapes (the largest and best white Cur-
rant,) Cherry, Victoria, &c., &c,
Exouten Prooeats and SPaNisH CHEsTaUTS.
Fios—several finest sorts.
Ruvears—Linnwus, Glant Victoria, and several new and
fine English sorta.
Fruit Trees for Orchard Houses,
Dwanr Mainex Trees, of Apple, Pear, Plum, Cherry, Apri.
cot, &c,, of the finest sorts for pot culture or orchard
houses.” Suitable selections made by E. & B., if desired.
ORNAMENTAL DEPARTMENT.
‘The stock in this department Is the largest and best we
have ever before offered, and embracea everything desira-
ble, new and old, among
DxctovOUS ORNAMENTAL Trees, Weeping Trees, Evergreen
Trees, Flowering Shrubs, Climbing Shrubs, Low
Paontes, Dahiias, Pieces, and all the most Ornament
Border Plants.
Bornovs Roors, including Hyacinths, Tulips, Narcissus,
Crocus, Lilies, Gladiolus, &o,, &c,
tocks for Nurserymen.
Paar Seepuni ae own growth, | and 2 years,
andj years.
Quixce Stocks, I year from cuttings.
For full and detailed information respecting the stock,
prices. terms, &c., we refer to the following catalogues,
Which will be gent gratls, pre-paid, to all who Inclose one
stamp for each = P
No, 1,—Descriptive Oatalogue of Fruita
: Descriptive Catalogue of @rnamental Trees, Shrabs,
Roses, &c., &
No, 3.—Descriptive
Bedding Plants, &c.
No, 4.—Wholesale Catalogue for Nurserymen, Dealers, and
others who purchase in large quantities,
ELLWANGER & BARRY,
501 Mount Hope Nurzeries, Rochester, N. Y.
4 Wek! WATER-CURE JOURNAL: DEVOTED
to Hydropathy, ita Enllosophy and Practice; to Phyal-
ology and Anatomy; and all those Laws which govern Life
and Health, Illostrated with numerous appropriate engra-
vings. year, or 4 months, on trial, for 25 cents,
604. FOWLER & WELLS, N. Y.
C.
atalogue of Dabliaa, Green-honse and
Bile ae prpaeak vient 6 anol
lump, heavy, anc irl amber color, and composes ont
Bult the stock from which fs manuractared the justly coke
binted St bo x Bouble Hates "Say In col ae alt
eat’ resembles the in color ant
Aeads bearded, Kernel nearly ts long as ‘Mediterranean,
pv!
D.
"Mediterranean and White" are too well known to re-
quire description, but from several experiments we are BG)
convinced the use of Kentucky or Tennessee seed wi
hasten the crop several days. cO.,
Com. Merchant
Produce ta,
499-76 Nos, 20 and 91 Central Wharf, Buffalo, N. ¥.
HE BEST GRAIN DRILL IN
AMERICA!
Ts Manufactured by the Subsoribers at Macedon, N, ¥.
Tt ls 80
kinds of
ill,
“ Guano Attachment,
* |“ Grass Seeder, ..
delivered on board boat or cars.
=
OK FO
not to be paid for until recelyedy
read, and approved of. If not approved, no charg
Dr, SaMogn 8. Frrcn's "Six
Prevention, and Our
Hei eel
Be laints, and Ohronio diseases general
6.
tures on the Causes,
8 of
and the true method of c1 these
ny Yo!
erat at forw:
etre to any address that may be sent us, an:
aftor
Pook Ws recelved and approved of If remitted in adyanc
price la 40 cent * ‘ost unty,
tate, to PP A TiROn & co. ni
714 Broadway, New York
RING DOWN THAT STREAM OF PURRB
‘Water to the house, barn and dry fields. Use the Wa-
ter Pipe made by I. 8, Honpre & Co., the cheapest and best
known in the world. ‘Made of Pine timber, and if properly
laid will bear any required preasure and be pean or quite
ludestructible. Address I. 8. HOBBIES & 00.,
41 44 Arcade, Rochester, N. Y.
He™Me=2s FOR ALL!
FOR SALE
At @1,25 per Acre, desirable FARMING LANDS in
Western Virginia, Eastern Kentucky, and Middla Tennessee,
Also, Valuable Lands in Sullivan and Eik Qountles,
ennsytvania
Apply to the AMERIOAN Exior4xr Arp 4x> Homestxap
Company, No. 146 Broadway, New York. 4800f
t
L|
FI
Stanley, Counterfeil
And anumber of excellent Crosses, All fowls warranted
pure game, Also Cooper's Work on Game Fowls sent to
‘avy address for $1. For particulars, address
GOL-18t_ J. WILKINS COOPER, Media, Delaware Co., Pa.
RAWBERRY PLANTS FOR 8) 7
Stay ‘barge Early’ Searle, Bure’ New bing Gane
000; Cushing an i
Pentield, Monroe Os.. N.Y. (OR) SS Hass,
‘or further Information, Circulars &c., address T. W.
Briaos, Agent, at Mi ion Centre, N. Y.. or the Proprietor,
Macedon, N. ¥. BIOKFORD & HUPFMAN.
AYALUABLE BO R INVALIDS.
Bent by mail, an
/PRUE DELAWARE GRAPE VINES, PROPA-
gated from the original stock, price $3 to $3. Also, Lo-
gan, Rebecca, Diana, Concord, Hartford Prolific, and other
new mepsli at eee atone sod Setmectes ready
onaeuse Tas. ps249t) Delaware, Ohlo,
RUIT AND ORNAMENTAL
TREES, PLANTS, ac.
A. FROST & 0O., Proprietors of the Genesee Valley Nur-
seficn, Rochester, N.Y publish the following Catalogues
to represent thelr stock, which occupies Three Hundred
ree.
Actitpartles who may desire to porebase Balt, Ornamental
Trees oF Plants, will consult their interest by examining
die following Catalogues, which are furnished on application.
‘Prompt attention is given all communications,
No. 1, Descriptive Catalogue of Fruits,
No.2 Descriptive Oatalogue of Ornamental Trees, Shrubs,
Roses, ko.
‘No.3. Deseriptive Oatalogue of Dahlias, Verbenas, Green-
house Plants,
No, 4. Wholesale Catalogue or Trade Liat.
No. 5, Descriptive Catalogue of Flowering Butba. 6501-7
PS UNION ) SEMINARY
PUPPS UNION rons Orleans Gon Wt. X.
The next School Year of this Institution, commences on
the first Thursday of September next For Terms, see
Catalogue at this Office, or apply to
ACHILLES, Proprietor,
Albion, N, Y., Aug. 8, 1859, BOLE
os eren GRAPES FOR VINERIBS.
ELLWANGER & BARRY
Have now ready for xepding oth, a fine stock of Grapes for
Vineries—strong, healthy vines in pots—raised from eyes,
They malnly consist of the leading kinds, but inclade a
moderate supply of the most celebrated new varieties,
suc
as
MoscaT Hampuna,
Srockwoop GoupsN Haxnona,
Lavy Dowss,
Osnanian Ont
Moscar H. LAUREN
Musoar Orronet, &e., &o.
Plants carefully packed and forwarded at any moment,
For full and detailed Information respecting the stock,
prices, terms, &c., we refer to the following catalogues,
Which will be gent gratls, prepald, te all who incloso oné
stamp for each:
0. 1,—Descripilve Catalogue of Frulta,
No, 2—Descriptive Catalogue of Ornamental Trees, Shrubs,
Roses, &
No. 8,—Descriptive
LT
p latalogue of Dahlias, Green-house and
Redding Planta dc,
No. 4.—Wholesale Catalogue fer Nurserymen, Dealers, and
others Who purchase in large quantities.
ELLWANGER & BARRY,
Mount Hope Nurseries, Rochester, N.Y.
PUBLIC SALE OF DEVON CATTLE AND
SOUTH-DOWN SHEEP.
On WEDNESDAY, 7th September next, at 10 o'clock A.M.
atmy Farm on Grand Island, near Buifalo, I will sell my
entire herd of ihoroustseed Devon Qattle, consisting of
upwards of 8 Cows, Heifers, Bulls, and Bull and Helfer
Calves.
T will also sell at the same time 100 thoroush-bred South-
Down Ewes and Rams, Also, 100 or more choloe grade
Breeding Ewes, of Cotswold and South-Down crosses—1he
best class of Mutton Sheep, Also, half a dozen superlo
601
oonp’s mownBR.—
Patented February 224, 1859.
During the six years Ihave been engaged in the aid
fore of the Manny Combined Reaper and Mower,
pres. much thoughtand attention to the construction of
foresaw would be a great want of the Farmers—a
and cheaper mackine expressly for mowing, than yet
been made,
id after the most thorough and repeated exper.
outa und tenia Tn eid: and in ail ods aaa
in Ite capac.
ity for good work to any hitherto introduced, of eaay draft,
thi jeep, and durable.
machine I now offer aa my latest Invention, to meet a
special want of farmers, and to place within the reach of
a Mower that for practical working, cheapness and
will BS without a rival.
De.) and cuts a swath three and a half
wide,
or & more full description of the Mo wer, re erence omad
Paes Pamphleta, which will be furnished on applicasien.—
With each machine will be furnished two extra guard, two
extra sections, one wrench and oil can.
Warrantesl capable of cutting ten acres of grass per day In
a workmanlike manner.
rice of Two-Horse Mower. 9
One-Horse Mower.
Delivered here on the cars,
T continue ag heretofore, and with greater success than at
any previous time, the manufacture and sale of “Manny's
Patent Combined Reaper and Mower with Wood's Improve
Be ante ena SoS
a rietor, we
PEASE & EGGLESFON, Si Bate , Albany, Agents fow
Albany County and vicinity,
ee GMAY, Brockport vite,
Me HENRY HATents for bonroe Coanty, N.
ANNY’S COMBINED
RBAPDR AND MOWER,
WITH WOOD'S IMPROVEMENT,
For the Harvest of 1859.
bscriber begs to Inform the public that he continues
snare cree cana aaa
produce at ie best combined machine yet in on
ther as a Reaper or Mower,
creasing popularity from the:
success In important trial
carried off th
The gener:
oa
ape attempt lo change them.
rt during the last year has been
ote Bianteal Construction, to make Tt ero antes
durable, and sustain its reputation as the lt and m
feceptable machine to the largest class of farmers in the
width
jereot
young white Breeding Sows,
The wate wile be positive, anc without reseree, Uf here
hitsers (0 buy the Siock as 1 am golig out of
are pure
stock-breeding altogeth Gh aa mbabal
frill be given, on ap-
r
Terins:—On sums over 50,,and op
and on sums over $100, a year's ore
Droved notes, with interest; or a Uberal discount will be
male for cash,
‘The Sto ered to
ie Ralls
chasers at elther of
iaigee Tt or Tonawal-
cross the rlyer every hour he-
vat wl cfoime Warm on the day of wale,
ecen ab e Pavons by cain. at
WIS F. ALLEN,
Y., August L, 1359. ‘50054
150, delivered here on
the cars, vi
pe san lane and Propricwon, Hooalak Pals tt. x.
BENNETT GRAY, Bi
WM, HENRY HARMON. Sedttsville,
Agents for Monroe County, N. ¥-
LAit2. Pages Peretual Kiln, Patented Jal¥, aA
Ot
mr
eppericr, bo in use for Wood or Coal. 2% 001
= 14 tuns 0} Rot mixed wlth
a udeane ° Saul WORM Sotho No
York.—Al the
véretahlee
LABOR.
‘Torr swings the axo, the forests bow,
ri Fs break ont tnrsdiant Blooms
Rich smile bebind the plow,
And eities cluster round the loom ;
Where tottering domes and tapering spires,
Adorn the wales and crown the bill,
Bout labor lights {ts beacon fires,
And plomes with smoke the forge and mim
The monsreh oak, the wood!and’s pride,
‘Whore tronk is seamed with lightuimg coam,
Toll Jaunches on the rentless tide,
And there unrolls the flag of stars;
‘The engine with its longs of fame,
And ribe of brats and Joints of stock,
From labor's plastic fingers came,
‘Wilh robbing valve and whirling wheak
7Tis Labor works the magic press,
And toros the crenk in bives of to®
And beckons angels down to bless
Industrious hands on sea and eolk
Tlero sunbrowned Toll with shining spade,
Links Jake to Jake with silver ties,
Birong thick with palaces of trade,
And temples towering to the skiog,
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
DELICATE HANDS.
ter I.—The Accomplished Lady.
“house-cleaning day” at Mr. Leon’s—
yy day for youog and old. Up stairs and
down, from garret to cellar, from kitchen to parlor,
mops, brooms and suds were in successful opera-
tion; while Mrs. Leon and Noga, armed with
brooms and dusters, were battling the “enemy to
all cleanliness” with an energy which would haye
done credit to the army of Atexanner, Windows
were washed, floors were scrubbed, ceilings
cleaned, and still busily they worked, from early
dawn until the sun was low in the western sky ;
when Mrs. Leon suggested that they would pause
in their hovse-cleaning duties for that day, and
make ready the tea-tuble before Mr, Leon should
arnve. Busy then was the ever active Nona, and
her fingers flew more nimbly than ever, os from
pantry to kitchen and kitchen to cellar, she plied
her task, while the graceful motions of her beauti-
ful form would have been a study to sculptor.
No wonder Mr, Leon was proud of bis daughter,
and wondered if the land could produce another
like his “bonny, black-eyed Nona.”
Tea was ready and waiting, when a light tap
was beard st the door, and Miss Cama Mezyitie
entered, and seating herself with an sir of non
chalance upon she sofs, exclaimed :
“Ob, denr! Mrs. Leon, Tom tired to death!”
“Tired to death? not quite, I hope; you must
have been very hard at work to-day?” responded
Mrs, Leow.
“ Work? no, indeed, not 7/" replied Miss CLana,
with a haughty corl of her lip. “I hope you don’t
think that I, the daughter of Col, Mutviuie, would
il) myself over house-work.”
‘What bas made you so tired then? I’m sure
[don’t see how you occupy your time these long
”
days.’
‘Oh! Ido agreat deal, I practice, and embroider,
and go calling,—and—and practice—and—and,—
Ob! I can’t tell all, and have a great deal of time
besides when I don'tkuow what to do with myself,”
she added with a languid sigh.
“ You'd know very soon if you were my daugh-
t esponded Mrs. Leon. She was an open-
vn woman, and never spared her own opin-
ii generally expressing her thoughts in full, let
itcost what itmight. (A contrast to those whose
words are ‘smoother than butter to o person's
face,” who in bis absence will not hesitate to dis-
course largely on his failings) Cxuana arose and
walked to the opposite side of theroom, to examine
the pictures banging on the wall.
“What beatiful drawings!” she exclaimed.—
“Nona, where did you get them?”
“I drew them,” Nora quietly replied.
You! when did you get time to do all this? I
menced learning to draw a great while ogo,
4 got sick of it—I can't endure anything confin-
B-
“Do you want to know how I did it?” asked
Nona. ‘1 have a certain time set apart every day
for work, a part of the day for Sewing, and a part
for drawing; and by doing a little every day, I
find I can accomplish s great doa). It is 8 great
deal ensier to work by rule and system—to hare a
time for everything and do everything in its
time.”
“Oh! mercy!” ejaculated Miss Crana, “7
Would sooner be shut up in prison, than be chained
down to such a prosy life. Why, as itis, I baye
the blues half the time. I’m sure I should think
you would—don't you, Nona?”
“Why, no, I don't know as I do,” replied Nona,
ns if on entirely new idea had struck her mind.
“No, indeed |” interrupted Mrs. Leon. “Nora
is os merry-hearted as a bird, and sings like a lark
from morning till night. Thero’s no use in any
one being sad in this beantiful world, and there's
DO Medicine to cure ‘the blues’ like haying some-
thing todo, Suppose you try house-work awhile,
Miss Chana—be an apprentice to our Nora.”
“Ob! mercy! Ishould die in a week, besides
mama says I am too delicate to work.”
“Well, tougbea yourself then. Try it, and
You'll find in a fortnight that
Papithyas our Neos 2 ‘at you are as rosy and
- #0, Mrs. Lion! what would be the use to me?—
you know I'll never be obliged to put it into
”
practice.’
rtknow,” slowly
that because your father
can have servants to wait on you.
wa, ys be s0, but you don’t know.—
fairs of her hou:
Ned languid
it isn’t much to learn. There's no science nor
art in housekeeping; ridiculous apy one should
‘bink eo! Now, music is a science which it takes
lifetime to learn, so with mathematics, and so
with painting, (I hate ‘em all,) but house-work,
humpb! its no science, that’s nothing to learn,””
Jost then the door opened, when the portly Mr.
Lzow entered, and seated himeelf with a emile at
bis well-fornished table.
“Well done!” be exclaimed when sll were
seated, there another girl of eighteen in the
country that can make such biscuits as my black-
eyed Nona? I'll ventare to say you ean’t, Miss
Cuanat”
Bhe blushed slightly, and remarked,—“ Mama
says wy hands are too delicate.”
“Think,” replied Mr. Leon, “that a slight ap-
plication of dish-water would be goed for them,’””
“Now, Mr. Lzon!” exclaimed Cxana, “if that
had been eaid by soy one but you I should take it
83 on open insult.”
“But seeing its only I, you don’t care, of
course,” Inughed Mr. Leon. “Ah! Miss Cura,
you'll find ont sometime that nothing will sour
your busband’s disposition like sour bread.”
“You forget, Mr. Leon, that my husband is
among ‘the things to be,” and, besides, I don’t
expect to be troubled with any soch appendage.”
“I don't think there's any danger, unleas you
learn to make good biscuits,—eb, Miss Cuana?
By the way, young Crewenr Ausnose bas arrived
in town, just graduated from college, you know.
Rumor says that be bas come after a wife, and I'l]
venture to say you girls will all be setting your
caps for him. At any rate,” he continued, witha
sly wink at Ciara, “I shall recommend tobim
my black-eyed Nona as a young lady of high
accomplishments, one that can make good biscuits,
eb, Mrs, Leon ?”
“Well, father,” responded Nona, “I suppose
Cxana will be recommended to him as a young
lady of fine education, for we all know how well
she plays.”
“Aye, aye, I'll tax the young co)legiate’s brains
for on oration on the uses of young ladies’ fiogers
—whether they were manufactured to thump
piano keys, or guide the broom handle.”
“Oh! he'll say the piano, of course,” rejoined
Mrs. Leon, “young gentlemen are all for fashion
now-a-days,”
“It's my opinion,” remarked Mr, Leow, “that
young gentlemen of this age ore not in that point
80 very far behind the young gentlemen of my
day—ahem! Even sensible young men found
their plans alittle on policy.”
Chapter I.—The Party.
The brilliant balls were lighted in the spacious
mansion of Col. Metyruze, and merry voices were
gaily ringing there, for a pleasant company were
gathered for an evening social, all gay with youtb-
ful life and animation, Among the group we
easily recognize our friends Cana and Nora. It
were difficult to tell which of the two was the
belle on this occasion. Both were beavtiful, but
the former, with pale, white face And’ dreamy blue
eyes, speeding gaily through the Spartments or
seating herself by the piano, her jeweled fingers
passing lightly over the notes, and her voice uni-
ting with the strains, fascinated many; the other,
the picture of health, the jetty curls encircling
her finely moulded shoulders, seemed more modest
and dignified, yet, though she spoke but seldom,
wit sparkled in her dark eye and played on her
finely-cut lips, and her words were heart-cheering
and gladdening to all. There, too, among the
rest, was CLewent Auprose, dignified, yet grace-
ful and courteous, his fine features beaming with
intelligence and true nobility.
But the evening passed away, and while the
summer days were passing, Mr. Auprose found
himself ever a welcome visitor among old ac-
quaintances in the village—ever gladly greeted by
young and old, rich and poor. Bright eyes twin-
kled before him everywhere—pretty faces were
scattered over the scenes of his vision—and, not
the least, white fingers played before his eye—but
being a sensible young map, be was not to be won
by appearances. If at first the charming and gay
Crana Mevyitix, while she lightly touched her
piano with delicate fingers, or laughed in the glee
of her youthful fancy, had filled his eye, the scene
vanished like a dream before the modest and true-
hearted Nora. The one would bring him jewels
and gold, the other a wealth untold of the jewels
of mind—the one would afford him a few hours’
Boy recreation, the other might (?) gladden bis
lifetime with ever-increasing joy. When, with
light step, the gentle Nona accomplished so mavy
@ task, gliding with graceful motion from one
object to another, mingling with her duties the
songs of her sweet voice, which gushed forth like
the melodious music of her heart, it was not long
before he knew what hands would best adorn his
psrlor,—what hands would most neatly arrange
his kitchen,—what delicate fingers would best
smooth his life’s pathway—and ere long “our
Nona” was the bride of Cuewenr Aunnose.
Chapter III,—The Mansion and the Cottage,
Years bring changes, and fifteen years from the
date of our first sketch found Nora Axsnose the
mistress of a fine mansion,—a country seat of one
of our flourishing Western cities. Mr. Asnnose
had risen in his profession, and aided by the fru-
gality and industry of his Nona, had gradually
increased in wealth, till he ranked as one of the
first citizens of the West, and was elected to the
State Senate, Time had not dimmed the light in
Nora's eye; still buoyant and happy-hearted, she
was the joy of bis hearthstone.
Changes had also come over our friend Crana.
Early in life she had married a young lawyer of
considerable wealth, but unaccustomed to écono-
mize, and a stranger to labor and mapagement, it
was not many years before their property was
wasted, and they were obliged to exchange their
spacious residence for a little cottage in the same
city where dwelt Senator Awsnosz, though each
family was unconscious of the, presel the
other. Even here Mr, Wittarp and t
have dyelt in comparative ease
had the latter learned in early life
contentment and industry so ess
home, but Poor ote: Wrtasp
wind and tide, and baving no
cheering voice at home to encourage and etrength-
en him, bis courage gradually failed, his resources
Were one by one cut off, until poverty almost
stared them in the face. CLAmA was at last obliged
to dismiss ber only remaining servant, ood os a
necessary resort, turn her own delicate hands to
the labors of the kitchen.
Let us take a peep ot Ciara's house. Breakfast
is just over, consisting of burnt beefsteak and
scorched coffee, Mr. Wittanp, With s heavy heart,
has returned to his day’s labors, while Cuana, with
a heart no lighter, proceeds to the domestic duties.
Everything goes wrong all through the day—
nothing is done as it should be—dast is on the
floor, cobwebs on the ceiling, the stove is un-
blacked, aud the room is in dire confusion. She
buros her fingers in attempting to cook,—she
can’t find her spices nor her cook book, because
she never had a place for them, and, finally, when
Mr, Wittarp comes home at noon, dinner is not
ready, When at last the table is set, the meat is
raw and the gravy burnt, both void of salt, and,
to “cap the climaz,” she bas forgotten the salera-
tus, and her biscuits are sour! Poor Mrs, Wit-
tarp! Her husband returned to his daties with
8 disposition not very much sweetened by h
diover, Itis Saturday afternoon, and the week'
ironing is yet untouched. But it must be done,
and there is no alternative, Misfortunes attend
her here as elsewhere,—the flat-irons will stick to
the starch; wet the cloth and wax the iron as sbe
will, still it's a “no-go,” and she gives up at last
in despair, Just then she hears the sound of
music in the distance; she listens, and the soft
melody of ** Sweet Home” is borne upon the air,
accompanied by sweet strains of a piano. It
proceeds from the lofty mansion of Senator Au-
prose; she knows it not, but atill there is some-
thing in the syeet tones of that voice which
forcibly remind her of other days. “I wonder
who lives there,” she exclaimed. ‘Some rich old
fogy of s lady, I suppose, that doesn't have to
mope over this despised drudgery as I do.” She
leaned her head on her hands and wept The
music ceased, but long she sat there musing of
the past, and coming at last to the conclusion that,
after all, housework is something ofanart. Pres-
ently ring was heard aot the bell, and Mra,
Ausnose was announced. The two gazed into
each other’s eyes, and though time had marked
the brows of both, they recognized in each the
friend of former yeara, and united in cordial
embrace.
“I did not expect to find you here, Crara!”
“And still more surprised am I to see your face
once more, Nora Auprose!”
“But none the less are we rejoiced at this unex-
pected meeting; and how do you prosper, friend
Ciara? How do you relish household duties?”
Ciara Witrarn looked down; she could not
think what to answer; she was chagrined and
confused, but at last Aeplied that she was now
without belp, left alond with her cares, and, to tell
the truth, was quite af Novice in the business,
“Indeed!” exclait® A Mrs. Awnrose; “but it
isn’t much td learn—‘‘ilére’a no science nor art in
house-keeping.”
This was too much for @rana. It carried ber
mind back to the sunny days when at Mrs. Leon's
table she had first carelessly made the same re-
mark; and she burst into tears.
“Do forgive me, Crna,” said her friend, “if I
haye wounded your feelings, Indeed, I remem-
bered that it was your former opinion, and was
not aware that you had changed jt of late.”
“Nora Axonose,” spoke Mrs. Wittarp at last,
“will you forgive me for these careless words,
spoken £0 many years ago? Alas! how often
since then have I learned by sad experience what
your mother told me that day, and which I beeded
not then, I was too proud then to work, too
proud then to acknowledge you my superior in
anything, too proud to own that this embraced
any art or required any ekill. Now, as your good
mother predicted, Iam obliged to work, and find
myself ignorant and awkward in what I should
know. I confess it all, and I have one great favor
to ask,—if you will regard it from one so poor and
humble og I,—and that is, that you will instruct
me now in what you learned so well in youth,”
“Cara,” replied Mrs. Astprose, “most wil-
lingly and gladly will I assist you in all that lies
in my power, if yon will accept of me as a teacher.
And now let us cheer up and be warmer friends
than ever in youth. First, let us proceed to the
kitchen, and there commence in earnest what are
among the first true duties of woman, be she
exalted or lowly, rich or poor.
* * * Sa *
One year has passed since then, and through
her own perseverance, and the patience of her
teacher, Cuana Witzanp hos become a thrifty and
successful housekeeper. She has learned now
what nothing but bitter experience could teach
her, that delicate fingers are not made only to
flourish bobbin and sweep piano keys, and that
the true accomplishments of woman consist not
alone in embroidery and fancy branches, but in
filling nobly that station in life in which it hes
pleased Gop to place her. She has learned at last,
that even delicate hands can work—if they will.
Nonda, N. Y., 1859. et
+o ey *
ten
No man can be a medium for eending forth a
healthful and regenerating influence into the pub-
lic mind, except so far as he lives in peace and
quietness with his own family, and those friends
who are immediately about him, Nor can anyone
be really at peace with his intimate friends and as-
sociates, except so far as peace and quietness dyvell
in his own breast; and these heavenly qualities
can be implanted there in no other way than by
cultivating the habit of shunning, as sins against
God, every evil ond disorderly affection, thought
or action.
tos
Houwes beautifully indicates the difference be-
tween morning and night, when he says:—“ Our
old mother Nature has pleasant and cheery tones
enough for us when she comes to us in her dress
of blac and gold over the eastern hill-tops; but
When she follows us up stairs to our bed in her
suit of black velvet and diamonds, every creak of
her sandals and every whisper of her lips ig ful
of mystery and fear,”
‘Written for Moore's Rural New-Yerker,
MYTHOLO L ENIGMA,
*
I aw composed of 41
My 1, 17, 6, 2 was the daughter of Satorn.
My 8, 4, 9, 16, 20, 5, 81,4 was the daughter of Mare ana
Venus.
My 5, 81, 13, 17, 11 was a king of Megarls and the father
of Scylia,
My 7, 4, 21, 24, 81, 18 was o son of Aquilo,
My 9,17, 86, 81,4 was the goddere of tofanta
My 11, 4, 14, 17, 9, 6 was the father of Jupiter,
My 18, 24, 21, 17, 11 was the goddess of healih.
My 15, 14, 23, 18 was a aon of Neptune
My 17, 9, 4, 6, 31, 24 was the goddess who prealded over
Astronomy.
My 21, 4, 80, 20, 25, 24 was the mother of Apollo.
My 28, 9, 4, 7, 7, 8, 17, 18 was the name of an illustrious
Roman family.
My 20, 81, 18, 17, 11 was transformed {nto a marino
eagle.
My 27, 84, 40, 10, 12, 25 was a giant who was slain by
Hercoles.
My 27, 20, 40, 26, 31, 24, 18, was a celebrated sophist and
orator.
My 29, 24, 25, 80, 4, 21, 17, 18 was aaon of Tapiter.
My 81, 18, 83, 11 was a celebrated Egyptian goddess,
My 88, 4, 5,14, 8, 84 was the beautiful 19, 81,22, 94 of
Ipbis.
My 35, 4, 7, 7, 8, 17, 18 was the god of wine, -
My 87, 40, 81, 14, 8, 83, 89 was queen of the 99, 86, 25,
83, 15, 25, 18,
My 41, 8, 4, 82, 81, 89 was one of the nine museca,
My whole is the namo of a celebrated mutlc compo
or, who was born at Sulzhurgh on the 95th of January,
1756. He was tbe son of a book vender of Avusburg,
who having much musical talent, went to Salzburgh to
pursue his studies, LN. Anoner.
Bennew’s Corner’s, N. ¥., 1859.
(2 Answer in two woeks.
For Moore's Rural New-Yorkez,
ENIGMA.
AAAAANHONNPPETZ
No nsme of pation or of place
I by these letters mean ;
But if you do them rightly trace,
And put euch fetter 10 tts pluce,
A Word will then be seen,
‘To show you where these letters dwed,
Bead your bible, for ts will tell;
And when you've searched the acriptares round,
It onty once cao there be found.
Rose, Wayne Co., N. ¥., 1859.
(3 Answer in two weeks.
¥
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
ARITHMETICAL PROBLEM.
A renson wishes to purchase one hundred dollars
Worth of cheep, pigs and ducks; he gives ten dollars
each for sheep, three dollars each for pigs, and ona
half a dollur each for ducks. How many of euch sort
does ho purchase ? @.B, & J. L Jonxauc,
Palermo, Oswego Co., N. ¥., 1959.
$57 Answer in two weeks.
ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS, &., IN No. 502,
Audswer to Geometrical Problem :—57,849 plus rods,
Avswer to Riddle :—Man-drake.
Answer to Miacollancous Enigma :—Oanandaigua,
Advertisements,
i Dirac BFROSGHRESSIVE
ARITHMETICS.
‘Trese Books have just been published, and constitute a
part of RouiNson’s entire course of Mathematics, They
contain many. and practical features not common to
other books of the kind.
nese and conersensan af definitions f
uracy in the new and improved methods of,
operations and analyses; brevity and peraptoutty of
fullnesa
rules; and in the very large number of ecamples pro-
pared and arranged with spectad reference to. the
mental capacity uf ie pupil, Vein practical utility,
and their adaptation to Ue reat bustness of active we
ROBINSON'S NEW ELEMENTARY ALGEBRA,
Will be ready for use September 2th. It will be a clear
and simple treatise, and contain besides a very laree nur.
her of practical examples, an introductory chapter com-
bining the princ'ples of Arithmetic and Algebra. In which
the simplicity of Mental Algebra and the spirit of the gu.
thor's University Algebra nre so blended that it cannot fail
te be & most useful and popular text book,
ROBINSON'S UNIVERSITY ALGEBRA—REVISED.
‘This book requires only to be known to be almost unlver-
sally used. No book ofthe kind has ever been so favorably
recelved orso enthusiastically admired as tbls. It ia filled
with gems, and most of them original with the author.
Single voples of the above books will be seat pre-pald.to
teachers, tor examination, with reference to introduction,
ou the recelpt of the following prices in stamps or money, vix:
‘Tne Progressive PRIMARY ARITHMETIO, 12 cts,
Tie PRoaessive INTELLECTUAL ARITE oI
Tue PROGRESSIVE PRACTICAL ARITHMETI
SnON'S NeW ELEMENTARY ALGEBRA
ia Univensiry ALGEBRA...
Roninson's Geoweray axp Triconowerny, revised and
enlarged, will be ready November Ist,
Sanpers’ ANALYSIS oF ExaLisn Wonna, price 50 cta., just
puollsbed and emphatically a practical book — It contains
4 higher style of exercises in orthography, and ia designed
for older scholars and advanced classes, Every teacher
should examine it.
A New Descriptive CaTaLoaur, containing 100 pages, of
notices, teaimoniuls, and reviews, &e., of the American
Educational Sertes, Will be sent to apy address, pre-paid,
Upon application,
The most Liberal terms will be elven forthe Strat intro-
duction of any of tue books belonying to sald Series,
Books may be obtained for examination, or introduc
tlon, or ang Information pertal ng to the sume, by adaress-
{og the Publishers or their Geoeral Agent for Introduction.
IVISON & PHINNEY, Pablishers,
48 and 50 Walker street, New York.
D. W. Fisn, Agent, Rochester, N. ¥, 603
pstenr TURN-TABLE APPLE PARER.
Tirs Machine Is on an entirely new principle, Tt has no
p= snapping or reverse motion: Js made
of Iron and not liable to get out of
order: 13 40 slmple In construction,
that children with suficlent strength
to place an apple on the fork and turn
@ crank, can operate it a3 readily, as
Adults, "Itwill pare apples of any slze
and shape, working perfeclly, over
fiseven eurtaces and doing the work
with great rapidity. Its success the
fast two years has established the
pict thot {tis the best Parer In the
world. Machine 1s warranted
Eve
Wil be sold at reasonable prices,
Jere pati aeley te case obtained of the Agricul
tural and Hardware fers in most of the prinelpal cities,
orof LOCKEY & HOWLAND, Leominster, Mass.,
508-4 Proprietors and Manufacturers,
K #2? IT BEFORE THE PEOPLE
THROUGHOUT TAR URITKD STATES. .. -
GEORGE G. BVANS.
No. 439 Chestnut Street,
PHILADDLPRTA
ORIGINATOR ..
oF THR
GIFT BOOK BUSINESs,
AND PROPRIETOR OF THR
OLDEST AND LARGEST
GIFT BOOK ESTABLISHMENT
IN THE WORLD,
Calls attention to the fact that he has made such arrange.
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tives bim pleasure to offer
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than ever, and such that
CANNOT BE EQUALLED
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ALL BOoEKS
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23 GOLD AND SILVER WATOHES,
AND OVER
250,000 DOLLARS WORTU OF JEWELRY,
have been
PRICHS,
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daring the past six montha, each article of which has
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every instance,
SEND FOR A CATALOGUE,
which will be gent gratis, and which contains a List of
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ONE TRIAL WILL ASSURE YOU
of the honorable business transactions of
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Who can, with Gsonor G, Evans’ Catalogue, obtain more
subscribers than by any other, as the Books and Gifts
enumerated are superior to thosa of any other House,
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GEORGE G. BVANS,
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GIFT BOOK BUSINESS,
NO. 439 CHESTNUT ST.,
50G-At PHILADELPHIA,
T° HOUSEREEPERS. —SOMETHING NEW.
B. T. BABBITT’S
i BEST MEDICINAL SALERATUS, |
68 Ts manufactured from common salt, and Is pre- 68
pared entirely diferent from other Saleratua,
all the deleterious moatter extracted Ip auch 1
manner 6s to produce Kread. Biscuit, and all AND
kinds of Onke, witout contaloing a particle of
TO sserotes when the Bread or Cake ts baked; 70
thereby producing wholesome results, J
particle of Saleratus Ix
GB throueh the Bread or con
eaoently nothing remains but common &
Water and Flour. You will readily peroelve by
AND ithe taste of thla Sileratus that it ls entirely differ.
lent from other Suleratus.
70) Teis oncked Io one pound papers, ench wrapper)
branded, “B. f, Bahbitt’s Best Medicinal So
tus;"also, picture, twisted lonf of bread, w
G8 ziass of effervesulng water on the top,
you purchiis# one paper you shonld preserve the:
lwrapper, and be particular to get Ue next exact.
AND |ly ike the first—Drand as above,
Pull directions for making Bread with this Sal-|
TO cxatus and Sour Milk or Cream Tartar, will 1/70
AND
|SoftSoep, Consumers w
Potash in market,
Manufactured and for eale by
10, directions for muk-
So
“
70) ht. T. BABBITT,
(601
Iso, for
Nos. 63 and 70 Washington at. New York,
Me== YOUR OWN SOAP.
AND
5
MAKE YOUR OWN SOAP,
winn
Babbitt’s Pure Concen-
trated Potash. rl
Warranted donble the strength of ordinary Po!
ash. Patup in Seat ae a and
a ol for making Hard and
13 Be. —with full directions for making Hard and
iB. T.
asD
and No, 98 Lodi st, Boston,
SAPONZTFIER:
Sony, withous
and up lo
R. DURKEE & CO,
181 Pearl street, N. ¥., Proprietors,
600-254
Fold everywhere.
GREAT CURIOSITY.
We have one of the greatest curiosities and most valuable
inventions In pa era pti, for which we want agents
verywhere, articulars sent FRER,
"a8 Ateo w. HAW & CLARK, Hlddeford, Malne.
NTARIO FEMALE SEMINARY, CANANDAL-
O GUA, N. Y.—The next Seasion of this ‘popular Anatita-
Hon commences on Wednesday, the 7U of Seotember.
With its superior Litenany and Soctat advan leg aguas
panes He Falls a cheerfal and pleasant HOM feaulon to
ving fuil {nformasion ‘will be forwarde
the Principal, (23) B RICHARDS, 4. Mf, Principal,
Se
Ss a
f your poorest land, on
Win us Fore thls Fall, 0D ae fur schewar and certificate
ICKOK’S PATENT PORTABLE
H CIDER AND WINE MILL AND PRESS,
‘This sterling Machine, which from the test of several
years bas proved itself superior in pak of simplicity and
‘efficiency to ansthing In the market, ls now ready for the
apple harvest of 1850,
‘Itis made if possible better than ever, and where there
ae ‘Agent farmers wll do well to send to the manutac.
tory early forea circular. We also make Jarce tron preas
rows from 8 inches diameter and 4 feet long, to 6 Inches
immeter and 8 feet long, at reaenante orlccs Address
‘ 70. le Works,
‘Harrisburgh, Pa.
¢
from those who haye used Sod at 60 Der tiny 4,000 Be.
per tun. ANT, New York,
Woon 4 NELIN' & CO., New York,
5 FERTILIZER ! — There Ia a
ne. LIME Ae ers can again grow wheat success.
Prospect that iy York, DY properly cultivating and
Vester. Lime is among the best and cheanest
jould be used extensively In renovating
4 Gnd other crops. ‘Phe subscribers. located
Rochester, will furnish Lime for manuring
‘urposes at ouly 12% cla. per bushel, a lower rate than ever
purposerered! Try it, Farmers.
Rochester, N. Y., August, 1459,
502-8t
OG 7S
. RTIN, Saha
THOMPSON & MARTI a
-.
—a
= asec
TWO DOLLARS A YEARJ
“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.”
[SINGLE NO. FOUR CHNTS.
VOL, X. NO. 37.$
ROCHESTER, N. Y.—FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 10, 1859.
{WHOLE NO. 505,
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
AN ORIOISAL WEEKLY
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE,
‘With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors.
TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
‘Two Dollars a Year—81 for six months To Clubs
and Agents as follows :—Three Copies one year, for #5; Six,
andone free to club agent, for $10; Ten, and one free, for
915; Bixteen, and one free, for #22; Twenty, and one free,
for #95; Thirty-two, and two free, for #40, (or Thirty for
$37,00,) and any greater number at same rate—only 61,25
per copy—with an extra copy for every Ten Subscribers
‘yer Thirty, Club papers sent to different Post-offices, if de-
aired. As we pre-pay American postage on papers rent to
the British Provinces, our Canadian agents and friendsmust
add 12} cents per copy to the club rates of the Ronar.—
‘Tho lowest price of coples sent to Europe, &e., is only ¢2,-
80—Including postase.
$37" All communications, and business letters, should be
addressed to D. D. T. MOORE, Rochester, N. Y.
RURAL LETTERS FROM EUROPR,—1.
Yorkshire; Porchase of a Cleveland-bay horse—Show of
the Highland and Agricultural Society, at Edinburgh—
‘The polled Angus, Aberdeenshire and Galloway Oattle—
Measurement of Prize Animals—The Show of Short-
horns, Ayrshires and West Highlands—Sheep Exhibited;
the Cheylots described, and compared with the Black-
faced and Leicester breeds—Implement Department;
American Reaping and Mowing Machioee—Fdinburzh
and Its Attractions—Visit to Ireland.
Liverroot, Aug. 19, 1859.
Overy inferior iden of it from the specimens shown
at Edinburgh, although several of the prize ani-
mals were of superior character.
The West Highland breed comprised upwards of
sixty head, and many of the cows and heifers were
of almost unexceptionable shape and quality,
thongh I was somewhat disappointed at not find-
ing more good bulls in the class—there being none
equal to some which I mentioned as being at the
Glasgow Show. I will just say, in passing, that
while walking, some weeks since, through the old
Cadzow Park, the property of the Duke of Hamil-
ton, I saw a West Highland bull and two heifers
which the Duke was about to send os a present to
the Emperor of the French, They were fine—one
ofthe heifers slmost perfect. But I have spoken
£0 fully of the characteristics of this breed in o
previous letter, that there is no necessity of fur-
ther remarks in regard to it here.
Great numbers of sheep were exhibited, compris-
ing specimens of the two Scottish, ond the leading
English breeds, The Cheviots were the only class
that I was particularly desirous of examining. I
had previously seen the breed in considerable
numbers, in various localities, but never so large
a collection at a show. They are a long-bodied
race, and in comparison with the Black-fuced
breed, the old name by which the former were
called— the Long Sheep”—was not inappropriate,
‘They are inclined to be loose about the shoulders
and hollow at the chine. Bat it is evident that
an attempt has been made to correct this defect,
and the perfection of some of the sheep shown bere,
proved that the attempt has been to some extent
successful. The superior quality of the wool of
the Cheviots, considering that they belong to o
mountainons district, is quite remarkable. It is
of medium length, and as fine or finer than that df
the Leicester, and of nearly uniform quality over
the whole carcass. They are very white in their
faces ond legs, generally without horns, though
some of the rams have little knobs an inch long,
which might, perhaps, be cultivated into horns,
I mention these two last points, because some
people in America have thought they had Cheviot
sheep, though their faces were speckled, and their
Iruink my last letter to the Runa: New-Yorwer
Was written in Yorkshire. My chief business
there was to obtain a Cleyeland-bay (entire) horse,
and after a long search, I succeeded in finding a
very superior one, which I have shipped to Dr.
Jou R. Woops, of Joy Depot, Albemarle county,
Va. Ifhe reaches his destination in safety, I
think he will prove o decided acquisition to that
section, especially for the purpose of breeding
large coach horses, which will be also calculated
to do much farm work.
I attended the Show of the Highland and Agri-
cultural Society of Scotland, held st Edinburgh
from the 1st to the Sth inst, It was the first exbi-
bition of this “ancient and honorable” association
Ihave ever attended, and, as I expected to be, I
was much gratified. There were some things
here of which I had not previously a sufficiently
clear idea. Such, particularly, were the polled
Angus and Aberdeenshire cattle, and the Cheviot
sheep, of both which there was a large display.
The cattle alluded to comprised o class by
themselyes—their congeners the Gatloways, form-
ing another class. They are larger than the
Galloways, but not as compact, and especially not
as round in the first ribs. They are also thinner
in the hide and lighter in the coat—traits which
indicate that they are not as well adapted to expo-
sure and hard fare. Their quality of flesh, though
generally good, appeared not equal to that of the
Galloways. The first and second prize bulls in
the Angus and Aberdeenshire aged class, cach
three years and six months old, girthed, respect-
ively, S feet and 8 feet Qinches. The first prize
bull in the aged class of Galloways, four years
and four months old, girthed 7 feet 9 inches; and
the firat prize bull in the next class, two years
snd four months old, girthed 7 feet 2 inches. As
I took these measurements myself, I know them
to be correct: The weights of none of these ani-
mals were given, but they were certainly heavy
in proportion to their girth,
There was a pretty large show of Short-horns,
but less good ones in proportion to the number
than at Warwick. There were some that would
stand well in the breed anywhere, but ag a class
they were decidedly inferior in symmetry and
quality to the polled cattle. The leading prize.
taker was Mr. Dovo1as, of Athelstaneford, who,
however he may have failed of obtaining justice at
Warwick and Dandalk, (Ireland, I think obtainea
itin most cases here, though he got no more than
the scale of merit actually indicated.
» The Ayrshires made nothing like the display
K By did at Glasgow (of which Show I have given
, 4n account,) owing chiefly to the remoteness
of the locality from tir main breeding-ground.
People who bave not seen this fine dairy breed on
its own territors, would have been likely to form
horns of considerable length.
The meat of the Cheyiots is not so good as that
of the Black-faced breeds—ao at least I am told by
several butchers to whom I haye spoken on the
subject, and they say, also, that the cross of the
Cheviot and Black-faced does make as good meat
a3 the cross of the Leicester and Black-faced,
Still the Cheyiots are a hardy (thongh less hardy
than the Black-faced) and valuable breed. They
are kept chiefly on the hills from which they take
their name, and along the lower parts of the South
Highlands.
I did not make a critical examination of the
implement department, but I neither saw nor
heard of any special novelty in it, although it was
alarge and fine display. The reaping and mow-
ing machines, as usual, attracted much attention,
and several of the popular American machines
were exhibited. I have had no opportunity to
attend a set trial of these machines this season,
So far as I can judge from what I have seen and
heard, McCormick's Reaping Machine, with the
apron and screws added by Buroess & Key, is
best adapted to heavy grain, especially when it
does not stand upright. Manyy’s Machine with
Woop's Improvement, maintains a good position
8 a combined machine, and has given good sutis-
faction in most casesasa mower. The particular
causes of its failure at Warwick, I have not
learned, The AuLeN machine which took the first
prize a8 a mower there, is said to have had an
important improvement added to it since it came
into the hands of Burogss & Key, by whom it was
exhibited,
I might write of many things which have inter-
ested me, in the neighborhood of Edinburgh—the
beauty of its location, and thesurrounding scenery
—the quaint style of the “old town,” with its
narrow streets, ‘‘ closes,” “wynds,” and houses of
ten stories in height—the neat style of the “new
town,” its brosd streets lined with buildings of
tasteful architecture, and the general aristocratic
appearance of the place and its inhabitants—the
numerous monuments to the great men who haye
aided to render the city worthy the undisputed
appellation of ‘Modern Athens”—the beautiful
public Garden which occupies what was once a
gulf of the sea, and separates the city into the
two main divisions before alluded to—the former
Parliament-House of Sco! i—the ancient Castle
where the regalia of the Kingdom is still kept and
shown to the people, and where the unfortunate
Mary gave birth to that Prince on whose brow
Was first placed the royal diadem of both Scotland
and England—the old palace of Holyrood, with
its numerous relics of the former rulers of the
Kingdom, particularly those relating to the beau-
teous Queen whose fate is still mourned by many o
maiden—the rains of the once magnificent Abbey
of Holyrood, with its monuments to the mighty
dead of olden time—the splendid institutions of
modern times devoted to tbe teaching of science
in all its branches, or the still more splendid ones
founded by liberal philanthropists for the benefit
of the poor;—all these I have visited, and might
speuk of at length, but it would hardly be appro-
priate to the original design of these letters, and
they must be passed by.
From Edinburgh I passed via Stirling oyer the
classic land and water of the Trosachs and Loch
Katrine and Loch Lomond to Glasgow and Green-
ook, thence to Belfast, (Ireland,) thence to Dublin,
and thence to Killarney, the neighborhood of
which is so noted for its mountnins, lakes, and
Kerry Cattle. I purchased eome of the latter, of
which as well of other matters relating to the
Emerald ele, I may give some account ina future
letter.
wee
KOHL-RABI AS FEED FOR STOCE.
Tr is well koown that our climate is not as
favorable as that of Englsnd for the cultivation of
the turnip—our hot, dry weather often making it
a partial failure. It has often occurred to us that
in the ohl-rabi we havea plant that 1s peculiarly
suited to our climate, and that may prove as
valuable to the farmers and stock growers of this
country as the turnip is to those of England
Even in England it is somewhat taking the place
of the turnip for heavy lands, and js found to suc-
ceed much better in dry summers. Morton says,
“Kohl-rabi is the bulb for dry summers—heat
and drouth are congenial to it, and the plant
grows, prospers, and yields an enormous crop
under circumstances wherein white turnips and
Swedes vould barely (xist. It is extraordinary
that so few farmers avail themselves of a plant
that in the driest seasons, if properly treated, will
rarely fail to bring the largest return of sound and
excellent food. During the parching summer of
1847 the plants grew on, and retained the highest
verdure. Sheep were found to thrive particularly
well upon the plant in the succeeding winter; and
we know that ever since that year beasts have
been fattened upon the bulbs. The horse-hoes
must be put in requisition several times, so as to
keep the spaces clean and open, till the expansion
of the leaves renders their operation impossible.
Labor and pains, directed by a vigilant eye, are
indispensable; but, where these conditions are
strictly observed, the weight ond quality of the
bulbs ore astonishing. Perhaps it would not be
too much to estimate the average of the former at
eight pounds per root; and, certainly, the Weight
of some has, in many cases, amounted to from
fourteen to sixteen pounds. As to disease, who
ever saw mildew upon Kobl-rabi?””
Srepness says, in the Dook of the Farm :—“The
Kobl-rabi is an excellent food for cows and horses,
and, when boiled with grain for their use, will
afford them true nourishment. The leaves may
be also used, having entirely the character of a
true cabbage; but they should be removed with o
sparing hand, else the enlargement of the bulb
will be prevented. The advantages which it is
said to possess over Swedish turnips, by those who
have cultivated it in England and Ireland, are
these:-—Qattle, and especially horses, are fonder of
it; the leaves are better food ; it bears transplant-
ing better than any other root; insects do not in-
jare it; drouth does not prevent its growth; it
stores quite as well, or better; it stands tho winter
better; and it affords food later in the season,
even in June.”
Few, we think, will read these statements with-
out feeling that this plant is peculiarly adapted to
this country, where our hot summers make our
turnip crop uncertain, and where cheap food for
stockisso much needed. Of the amount or weight
of bulbs that can be produced on an acre, we can-
not state, but it must be enormous, as we lately
saw a crop that exceeded anything in the way of a
crop of bulbs that we ever beheld. They were as
thick npon the ground os they could well stand,
many standing out of the ground from eight to
twelve inches, and one specimen measured over
eighteen iaches in circumference. The fact is we
never saw a failure with this crop, under any
reasonable treatment. Then it will bear trans-
planting better than anything of thekind we know
> ===
Apnove we give a representation of a Potato
Digger, recently patented by Mr. Ropent Nivey,
of Gates, near this city, and which has been tried
to the general satisfaction of the inventor and
others who have witnessed its operation. The
inventor furnishes the following brief description
of the machine, its capacity and operation:
“This machine is light, portable, economical in
cost, yet very strong and durable—making it relia-
ble andyaluable. With one man and a team from
five to eight acres of potatoes can easily be dugina
day. The operation of the machine is very simple.
The team is driven so that the row is between the
truck wheels, when the plow passes under the bills,
and the endless screen receives the dirt and pota-
= SOLEV MIE ens
IVENS POTATO DIGGHR.
toes—the dirt dropping through the screen, while
the potatoes are carried to the rear of the machine
andleftupontheground. MThescreen, composed of
iron bars, is very effectual in separating the dirt
from the potatoes while passing from front to rear.
By means of a lever, the operator can easily raise
the working apparatus (plow and screen) from the
ground and throw it out of gear whenever desired.
It can be guaged so as to go any desired depth.”
Any further information relative to this Digger
may be obtained by addressing the patentee and
manufacturer, Rosert Niyen, Rochester, N. ¥.
We shall endeayor to witness a trial of the ma-
chine soon, and report the result for the information
of Remar. readers.
of. Seed may be sown early, ina bed as for cab-
bage, and the plants grown in this until about six
inches in height, and then transplanted like
cabbage.
soe
THE WORN OUT LANDS OF VIRGINIA.
Apyice about Purchasing Virginia Lands—Where Northern.
People are Located—The “ Worn out Lands;" how they
are Reclaimed, and what they Produce—Occupations of
Northerners in Va.,—Markets and Marketing—Schools—
Labor hoxorable; example of the Quakers—Climate,
Timber, Water Power, &c,
Eps. Rurav:—In a recent number of your paper
T noticed some inquiries in regard to the ‘worn
out lands of Virginia,” and as I formerly resided
in the ‘Old Dominion” over four years, and had
some practical experience in reclaiming those
lands, Iam willing to contribute my small stock
of information if it will prove of any value to
persons disposed to locate there.
The first question asked is, ‘ Would it be ad-
yiaable to go there with small capital only?”
Most of the Northern men who have settled there
were men of small means, and their success has
been in proportion to their sagacity and well
disected efforts. A great mistake with many of
them was in investing all their capital in Zand,
and not reserving sufficient means for making
improvements, and hence they could made no pro-
gress. No man should expend more than half his
capital in those “worn out lands;” he should
reserve the balance for improvements, and then,
if his money and labor are well directed, his chance
for success is good.
I think there are more Northern peoplein Fairfax
than in any other county in the State, and perhaps
in all others together; in fact, I believe a majority
of the inhabitants of that county are from the
Northern States. There are a few in the adjacent
counties of Prince William and Loudoun. Tam
acquainted with some who have been in Fairfax
over fifteen years, and are doing remarkably well.
The next inquiry is, “Are these cheap lands over-
grown with weeds, or grass, or are they barren?
And can they be ‘brought to’ by raising clover to
enrich them?” In the first place, these lands were
mostly owned by Lord Farrrax, and rented to set-
tlers who raised tobacco, corn, oats, &c., following
the exhausting system until they became barren and
were “turned out.” On some land thus treated
there is now a growth of pines thirty feet in height,
and frequently the corn and tobacco rows can be
distinctly traced, Other lands that have been
more recently “turned out,” have a growth of tall
coarse grass, called “brown sedge,” and much of
the land is almost entirely naked, and where it is
uneven is badly washed and gullied. Some of
these lands can be reclaimed with clover and
plaster, but at the commencement the best way is
to purchase some good fertilizers, and with them
you can at once raise good crops on the poorest
lands. For a crop of wheat use 200 Ibs. best Peru-
yian Guano per acre, mixed with a half bushel of
plaster sown broadcast and plowed in, which will
cost about five dollars per acre. Then, if you wish
to seed your land to grass and have good crop,
sow broadcast about five dollars worth of bone
dust per acre and harrow it in; sow timothy seed
in the fall and clover in the spring, and if the
season is favorable you may expect a good crop of
wheat and grass, and my word for it that field will
not soon forget its treatment. I have seen fair
crops raised without any menure on some of the
lands, and on others with less than half the
quantity named ; but the treatment I have recom-
mended above is for the poorest land, though it
will not injure the best. There is a great variety
of soils, from light and sandy to the heaviest clay,
and they vary in color, being white, black, red,
gray, &c. Some of the best crops of corn and
grass that I ever saw were on the “ bottom lands”
that bad been cropped continually for fifty years.
‘The Northern people there are engaged in various
occupations. Some are gardening and raising
fruit for Washington, Georgetown and Alexandria
markets, with good success, Others have pur-
chased timber lands, and are clearing and selling
wood at remuneratiye prices in the above named
cities. A few are engaged in the nursery business,
which is said to pay well. Some are clearing the
“old field pines,” and converting them into char-
coal, whith sells readily in those markets. Others
still are keeping cows and selling milk to adyan-
tage. Good butter can be sold at Washington by
contract for twenty-five cents per pound during
the whole year, (if carried regularly to market,)
and by keeping cows and feeding them the produce
of the farm, the land is constantly improving. By
sowing corn a good supply of feed through the
summer can be kept up, and turnips, carrots,
beets, ruta bagas, éc,, grow remarkably well on
land that is well manured. A few bogs can always
be kept to advantage on a dairy farm, to consume
the refuse milk and buttermilk, and they will aid
materially in enriching the soil. Poultry always
brings a good price in Washington market, Sheep
husbandry can be carried on profitably, the only
impediment being the dogs, but they are rather
decreasing. Those living within a few miles of
market, and in fact farmers in most parts of the
country, take their produce to market with their
own conveyances. There is one railroad in opera-
tion, and two others in course of construction,
diverging from Alexandria in various directions,
and when these are completed the facilities for
marketing must be good.
There are some first class Seminaries in Virginia,
particularly in Alexandria, but Common Schools
haye been much neglected. The law of the State
furnishes means to defray the expense of tuition
of indigent children, if they will avail themselves
of the benefit of it, yet but little attention is paid
to the subject, except in neighborhoods settled
by Northern people, where there are some good
schools,
The time as been when those who labored were
considered as belonging to the second class, but a
different feeling now prevails. An honest, in-
i] G
hill
——_—_ =. 97 S ata
dostriogs man is as much respected there as bere,
(to far as (bare beon able to discern.) Labor is
Bot confioed to the Northern people exclurively ;
there are many Virgloiaos who “put ther band
to the plow,” and think it no disgrace. There bas
been a settlement of the Friends” or “ Quakers”
in Loadoun county for over bal acentary, (origin-
ally from Peovsylranis,) wbo have always em-
ployed free labor tod Iabored themselves, aud
their geveral intelligeoce, good schools, bighly
cultivated farms, valuable tuitdings, fine stock,
&e, aUord aw strong argument in favor of the
“dignity of labor.” Their example bas hed ao
inflacoce on those around them, snd altbougb they
are nearly forty miles from Washington, their
farms sell from $50 to €70 per sacra No person
need have avy fears of being disrespected on
account of labor iu Northern or Westera Virginia.
As to the climate, away from large or sluggish
streams it is emphatically bealtby ; bat near such
streams, aguo and fevers prevail in the latter part
of sommer and in sutamo. The weather is not
Subject to such extrome changes as in more north-
ern latitudes. Spring opens at lexst a month
earlier than in Western New York, and winter
commences & month later. The winters oro fre-
queptly #0 open that farmers do moch of their
plowing for spring crops. The sommers are a
lite more subject to drouth than in New York.
Frvit cultore bas not received the attention that
its importance demands, but the people arc awaken-
ing to the subject, and many five orchards have
already beon planted. Apples, pears, peaches,
cherries, quinces, grapes, &c., succeed well.
There is considerable of the original growth of
timber yet standng, and the land after being
cleared is productive, Wood and timber is in
demand, and now facilities are opening for con-
veyance to markot.
There is a ¥ast amount of water power in Vir-
ginia thet is not appliod to any purpose. At the
“Great Falls” of the Potomac, about ton miles
above Georgetown, is power enough (if applicd to
manufacturing purposes,) to employ hundreds of
people, yet only sufficient is used to carry ono saw-
mill, It is beginning to attract the attention of
Northern capitalists, however, and will po doubt
ero long, be converted to some useful purpose,
To porsons contemplating locating in Virginia
I would soy, go and see the country; minglo with
Northern people who have settled there; go thro’
Fairfox, Loudoun, and if you want to seen very fine
country, go through Clark and Frederic counties,
whore laod is worth a8 much per acre as in Wost-
ern Now York, But remember and not buy too
much “worn out land” because it is cheap. I
will cheerfully ooswer any further inquiries if
addreesed to me at West Brighton, Monroo county,
Now York. Tuomas Hazanp.
————+0+____
{Apvenriewext.) From the New England Farmer,
BEE-HIvEsS.
T nave put off rewriting the article on boo-hives
that I mailed to your addross some months since,
hoping that it might turn up. Not secing it in the
Farmer, 1 suppose tho little money enclosed for
tho advertisomont tempted some thicf among tho
mails, who took the money and destroyed the
article. Tho article referred to, was in roply to
“Norfolk,” on a charge of inconsistency, whoroin
he accuses mo of “ Preaching what [ do not prac-
tico. That my instructions are vot for myself,”
Xo, This, ns fur as myself is concerned, amounts
to but little, bat perhaps some readers of the
Farmer might wish to koow as well as “« Norfolk,”
what right I have to recommend one hive, and af-
terwards use another, I intend to make a full
confession, and if it does not fally exculpate mo
from blame, it may somowhat modify their feolings.
I would say first, that I cannot bo charged with
altering some simple thing about a bee-hive, thon
obtaining a patent, and charging all s fow dollars,
Who can bo persuaded to use it. All that the bee
‘needs in n stato of nature, is a cavity suitable for
rearing hor broods, and depositing be res for
winter, All that man requires in addition, is an
apartment that can be removed with Surplus
stores. A single box in the plainest form was
used for twenty-five years, and nothing found to
Surpass it in convenience, safety, economy or
Profit. Believing it the best for the apiarian of any
Class, T recommended no other in the work alluded
to by “Norfolk.” And nov for tho sake of boing
consistent, must I adhere to this throughout, and
deny myself the advantages that may arise from
the minds of others? I think I would rather risk
‘his charge of inconsistency. “The best way is as
Good as any,” and the moment that & man settles
own into the beliof that he has arrived at the
Summit of improvement, there is no further ad-
Yancement for him. There is a vast difference in
tho ability to discriminate between what és an im-
provemont, and what is said to be,
The Roy. L. L. Langstroth presented me with
the movable frame, or movable comb-hirve; I saw
at once, that I could, if I chose, still-use the sim-
Plo box with the addition of the frames, and I
could take out and return to the hive all the combs
Without injury to a single bee. I transferred bees
and combs into some of these in the spring of '56,
In’87 and "6s, I introduced now swarms in a large
number, and have found the following advantages.
‘ Most apiarists know that their stocks are quite
Viable in some seasons to overswarm, and hare
Witnessed with regret, swarms too small to be
Worth anything alone, continue to issue till the
od te Was reduced too much, to contend
‘ully with the worms, And as a conse-
arg both old and new colenies would be lost.
ng the help of the frames, such ruinous opers-
nr can be prevented, A few days after the first,
aes deat before the second swarm, the comb can
examined, and all the queen.cells remored bat
—Cnartes Tezapwett, dan Artor,
qoeen is found, when the frame containing ber is
put in ap empty bie, setting that on the old stand,
end patting toe old stock in anew place, Enough
bees will retorn to the old queen to make the
swarm. If done st the proper season, eaough
brood will be is the combs, together with those
just matured, to keep the old stock sulliciently
stroog If no queeo-cells about finished sre pres-
seot in the stock, it is nesrty always practical to
procure one from some other, with a queen nearly
mature, to introduce, and thereby gain several’
days in breeding.
If, from any cause, a stock or swarm is weak,
bat otherwise healthy, it may be assisted by some
strong colony, merely by taking & comb or two
Gilled with brood, and giving it to the weak one.
In afew dsys, the maturing brood will add ma-
terially to its strength. In the same way, their
winter stores may be equalized in the fall; some
stock: il bave too much, and others too e.
‘The changing of a few combs will make ail right
and benefit all,
Nature bad to provide droves for isolated colo-
nies, aod when we bring together a Jarge number,
this instioct for rearing droves is retained, and
each produces its number; when io reality there
is no necessity in an apiary of fifty or » hundred
stocks for any more droves than two or three colo-
nies might produce. So many drones cannot be
reared without much labor of the working bees,
and cannot be supported afterwards without a
great consumption of honey. Several patents have
been granted, the chief merit of which is a trap to
catch and destroy them. But with the movable
combs, we can take tho matter into our own hands,
and say in the spring whether we will have thirty,
three hundred, or three thousand, reared in any
stock, It is done by removing the drone comb, or
any part of it, and substituting worker combs
instead, Without these cells the bees cannot rear
droves if they would. It is now pretty well de-
monstrated, that the eggs of a healthy queen are
all alike, avd the sex of the future bee depends on
the cell in which it is deposited. If every drone
we have reared was a worker, it would not only
support itself, but would be likely to add to the
common stores, The advantages would be, in
having just enough.
The size of the hive can be graduated to suit the
wants of any colony. If there are too many combs
to be properly protected from the moth, a part
may be tuken away, and returned as needed.
Tho loss of queens in most spiaries is a serious
damage, Except within the first few days after its
occurrence, there is no further means of ascertain-
ing this fact, short of several weeks; by which
time it is often too late to save the stock, But
with the frames it can be ascertained at avy timo;
and after the young queen commences her mater-
nal duties, only a minute or two is required to
examine the brood combs; any cells containing
eggs or brood indicate her presence. If sheis lost,
another can be provided in time to saye the stock,
These are somo, but not all the advantages that
LT have found in the movable combs. Suppose that
I bad recommended this movable comb hive im-
mediately on being satisfied that I could make it
profitable; and then, as with many other beautiful
theories, failed in practice. I should bave been
worse off, than to be accused of preaching what
Tdid not practice.” Prudence should prevent any
one from recommending on improvement based
on theory alone. Consistency” dictates a dif-
ferentcourse, I have now used those frames three
summers, and koow from experience what I say
rospecting them. Having found them beneficial
for myself, | think they might be so to others, aod
consider it a da’y to give the public a// the knowl-
edge I possess in bee-culture. I havo, therefore,
added an appendix to my treatise, giving direc
tions for making and using these frames, an adver-
tisement of which is enclosed,
“Norfolk” calls the ‘‘ movable comb hive, un-
wieldly.” Ihave seen some that I thick are so
But I apprebend this to be a matter of taste; as
[make tho hive, there will be no complaint in this
respoct, The principal of the movable combs is
the point that I consider constitutes the advantage,
In tho controversy about the triangular guide, I
have bat little interest, further than I should be
Pleased to have all admit that it was public prop-
erty. Whoever succeods in establishing a claim,
should give us something a little more reliable—
something that would give us straight combs with
certainty; because now a colony will occasionally
make their combs crooked, and are of no value as
moveable combs, on that account,
T have given what to me aro valuable points in
the movable comb hive, and the reasons why they
are so. Now will “ Norfolk,” “Clark,” or avy one
give us through the Farmer as minute an account
of the “Union hive’—in what consists its Supe-
riority? It wall hardly be Satisfactory to say it is
better, without pointing out what particular makes
it so. Tam willing to udopt unythiog that is
shown superior to what I alrcady possess. My
Ikes and dislikes are goverened by what appears
the utility of the thing,
In criticisms on this subject, it is best to avoid
personalities. J shall coosider I am not called
upon to answer anything of the kind,
St Jobnarille, N. Y.
Eos. Renar:—W. ES , of Ogden, N. Y., sfter
advising farmers to cut Weir feed, says he don’t
Koow as thoy have the machines among them
For two winters I have used one of D. C. Coxtxa’s
patent, for which I paid $30. It runs by band or
borse power, and I consider it almost a perfect
machine. I have cut two winters by baod for
about thirty head of cattle and horses, and feed in
mangers. It bas four koives, and cuts about three-
eighths of an inch in length. For hay [ take out
two of the knives, which makes it about seren-
eighths of an inch in length; this I think is abort
enough for bay, while the machine runs a good
deal easier, For corn stalks I aso all four of the
Knives, as stalks must be cut short to make it pay.
My stock eat them readily, without anything on
tbem—all up clean on full feed. I consider it a
Saving of at least 100 per cent. to
feed; then the masure is worth
in the
what it
would be if the stalks were fed withoat «
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
MAKING CHEESE FROM A SMALL DAIRY.
Ep. Rurat:—I think good cheese may be made
from s small quantity of milk, in thesame way we
make our large daines. Three requisites are
becessary in the manufacture of emild, rich, sound
and even dairy of cheese, iz :—Creanliness, Care-
fainess, and Common Sense or Judgment. The
milk should be strained at night ina tub or wat in
4s cool @ place as conrenient, in order to keep
Sweet. To the morning the cream must be taken
off, and if desirable to add to the cheese, must be
pat into warm milk, and then strained in with the
night's milk. The milk, when prepared for the
rennet, should be about 75 to 75 degrees Fah.
The rennet should be in quantity and strength to
bring the card sufficicotly to commence the cutting
or breaking up process in from 90 minutes to an
hour, After setting, the milk should be covered,
unless the temperature of the room is about the
same; otherwise the curd will not come even, i. ¢.,
the top will be milky and whey white,
To expedite operations a catter made of knives,
wire, or tin, is used to break up the curd, but it
can be done as wel! with the bands, by carefully
pressing the curd through the fingers with the
thumb. It should be broken up fine, and not
suffered to settle together hard again until put
into the press. We have less trouble with a soft
curd, and with careful handling make a better and
larger cheese than when it is heary and hard.
Whey may be taken off for scalding, which should
be heated without scorching, and poured back
gradually till the temperature is brought up to
about 100 degrees, or until the curd aqueaks a little
in biting. Half an hour will suffice to draw off the
whey. Cool and salt the curd, adding a tea cup
of salt to15 pounds, or more or less to suit the
taste. When the curd is suffered to become hard,
at any time from the first breaking up till put into
the press, on breaking again the whey will be
white, and a lighterand poorer cheeso will be the
result.
The cheese should be put in the hoop in a clean
cloth, and the weight put on gradually for an
hour, when it should be turned, and again at night,
when more weight should be added. Some press
%4 and some 48 hours. Cheese should be cured in
a dry place, but not too cool, The process of mak-
ing occupies from three to four and a half hours,
Care is necessary in the curing and preparation
of rennet. We let the calf suck in the morning
and kill it about 3 or 4 o'clock, emptying the ren-
net of what may be in it, and salting them together
in ajar. Ten days before using, we put four or five
in two gallons of tepid water, salt enough to keep
sweet. We then pour off the liquid, which is
ready for use, soaking the rennet agoin. Half o
pint of liquid thus prepared will bring, or change
to curd, from 40 to 60 gallons of milk.
Mr. Moore, this is a queer way to write in an-
sweran inquiry from Indiana, If you get better
directions, and don’t use this, it will be well, and
I shall not feel injured. We love your paper; it
is sound, reliable, useful and welcome.
Madison, N. ¥., Aug., 0, Sam’ G. Curvrnan,
te<
AN IMPRO HORSE-SHOE,
bisa Ba
Eps. Ronac:—TI noticé a correspondent wishes
to know the cause of so much lameness in horses.
My experience has convinced me that it is in a
great measure owing to the prevailing mode of
shoeing, which has a decided tendency to contract
the heels, and the little care taken by the owners
in not having the shoes removed sufficiently often
to have the natural accumulation of the hoof and
sole pared away. Anothergreat fault in the smith
is cutting away the frog, which shonld never be
cut. I am much plensed to see introduced in
Albion, “Henderson's Improved Shoe,” (which is
well calculated to prevent the contraction of the
hoof,) of which the following is a description :—
The shoe is so formed upon the foot side as to cor-
respond with the natural form of the foot, with a
level, flat surface on the outer portion of the shoo
Supporting the wall as far back os the quarters,
continuing the level scroas to the inner part near
the heel of the shoe, the outer part being sloped off,
outward, downward and backward to conform with
the inward and forward inclination of the quarters
and heels of the hoof above, by which the corres-
ponding angles form a square bearing for the
support of the quarters under the weight of the
horse, which will prevent the contraction of the
heels and all the evils attendant thereon, Should
this shoe be brought into common use the lamencss
of the forward limbs now so geoeral would shoruly
disappear to o very great extent, if not entirely.
Albion, N. Y., Aug, 1889, H. L. Acmuuns,
see
WILL IT PAY?
Tae above is a very common question,—a very
Proper one, too,—as every one admits. We pur-
pose to notice some things that “1on't pay.”
It won't pay to ‘‘ make haste to be rich” at the
expense of health, happiness and intellect. The
man that starves his mind becanse be is too stingy
to purchase books, will find ont by-and-by that it
won't pay. The man who denies himself of the
Juxury of good family papers, because, as he says,
he is too poor to afford them, will find he is pur-
suing the wrong course—it won't pay. The man
who works like a slave from morn till night, year
in and year out, makes his children do the same,
and nerer takes any recreation, must fod to bis
*orrow, sooner or later, that it did not pay. The
man who cheats his neighbor to increase his own
store, and oppresses the fatherless and widow,
will God that it didn’t poy.
The man who cultivates the soil with the same
implements bis father used forty years 8go, will
Bnd it won't pay. It won't pay to plant crops on
“burd-pan,” or whortleberry knobs, without ma-
buring the ground well, which is scarcely ever
done. It won't pay fo invest money in “ western
lands,” to the neglect of the home bappiness and
comforts of your family. It won't pay to scowl
St your children till they get tired of bome and
insensible to all the finer feelings of the beart,
Trusting that these few thoughts may be of
benelit to some, I leave this inexhaustible subject,
Doping that my readers may be prosperous and
happy, and never do anything that won't pay.
Western Pennsylvania, Th mo., 1359. ESR
Rural Spivit of th
¢ Press.
How to Use Lime.
Ix an article upon this topic, the Working | since our leet Tale region
Tus ‘Waarume bas been
when wanted for manure. When required not to
feed plants, but to decompose other materials in
the soil, such as inert organic matter, then
such as night-soil, phosphates, guano, orbarn-yard
manure, Lime may be mixed with salt in the
manner ®e hare so often recommended, or with
sour muck, or apy other organic matter not readily
decomposable. Never apply limo to the soil, within
a day or two of the time when manure bas been
applied. When barn-yard manures bare been |
deeply buried in the soil, a light top-drossing of
lime may be used after plowng. This will gradu-
ally sink, and when it meets with and assists in
decomposing the manure, tho gases in rising, will
be absorbed by the incumbent soil,
Unruly Animols,
S. W. Cas, of Delaware Co., Ohio, writes thus
to the Ohio Farmer :—I will tell you how I avoid
having unruly animals. I believe that 88 a gene-
ral rule our domestic animals are never upruly,
except as they are taught by their owners, erthose
having the charge of them. Some porsons, when
removing stock from one field to another, will let
down a few of the top bars; or if they don’t hap-
pen to have bars or a gate just where they wish to
turn through, they will throw off a few of the tep
rails, and force the animals to jump the balance;
and after thus driving the stock ovor, they will put
ap apart of the bars or rails thus thrown down,
leaving the fenco Jower in that place than any
other, a3 a temptation to the stock to jump back at
the place where they have been Jearned to go over.
Now, sir, my practice is the reverse of all this; if
I wish to turn hogs, sheep or calves through a
common rail fence, I make what is termed a ulip-
gap, letting down just enough of the bottom rails
to let the animals pass, thus teaching them to go
under, rather than over a fence; and in letting
large cattle through bars, I prefer to have a bar at
the top, letting them pass under; and if it rubs
their backs a little, all the better, But there is
another fault, too common with some farmers. If
fences are poor, in consequence of a scarcity of
material, they should be the more carefully watched;
if a rail gets thrown off, put it on immediately; if
weeds, grass or anything else grows near the fence,
on the opposite side from where your stock run,
tempting them to reach over, and by this means
push the fence down, remove the difficulty imme-
diately out of the way. I am well satisfied that
with proper care thero is no necessity of having
unruly stock, even with poor fences, Give them
plenty of food and water; keep thom comfortablo,
and they will not be voruly, unless you teach them.
Ibave raised several bulls within the last few years,
some five orsixof which I bavesold; noneof them
haye, to my knowledgo,ever jumped a fence. Ooo
of them, now four years old last spring, is owned
by o man whose fences are very poor; and altho’
a bull owned by a near neighbor of his, two years
younger, is in the babit of jumping any fence that
comes in his way, in the ne\gbborhood—eren in or
out of the field where this bull was at the time—he
still maintains bis orderly character,
Corn and Corn IWodder.
A conresronpent of the New England Farmer
thus answers an articleon “Coro and Corn Stalks,”
which appeared in the previous issue of the same
Journal, in which the writer favored topping corn,
both on account of the grain and tho fodder, and
also the labor of harvesting. He says:
T have tested the matter to my entire satisfaction
by cutting up at the roots and shocking a part of
my corn each year for several years past. When
severe frost is apprehended, the ‘new wav” may
be advisable, but in all other cases I much prefer
that my corn should ripen the “natural way,”
I place o high estimate upon the value of corn
fodder for stock, and much bas been said and writ-
ten upon the best mode of curing it. The way
which I prefer and practice is this:—When the
tassel bas become dry and the kernel well glazed,
Tcut off the stalk above the ear, laying the stalks
of two hills together. When wilted I bind and
pike them in tho field, letting them remain, if the
weather be favorable, ten or twelve days, then cart
to the barn, hanging them on poles or setting up
under the roof. I find that my cattle cat them
better if cured in this way, than if bung up in the
barn as 8000 as bound, or if dried wholly in the
field. As I husk my corn mostly evenings, I begin
so early in the season that the husks and butts
would mould too much, iff did not mix with them
a quantity of straw or poor bay. I also salt them
freely.
My cattle being Judges, the foddcr is better cured
in this way than when all is cut up together and
exposed to the weather the usual time allowed in
such cases. Perhaps it is because they bave failed
to “get the hang of it,” which I am sometimes told
is the reason why I think the labor greater to har-
vest corn which is shocked, than that which is
topped.
While I agree with your correspondent in so
many things, { must dissent from his opinion that
it is better to feed out all the corn stover in carly
winter, to the exclusion of other fodder. Fed out
exclusively it is too Iaxative, and nothing but the
hesks will be eaten; but o few fudderings a week,
from November to April, will tend to keep the
bowels of the cattle in a loose and bealthy condi-
tion, especially if you have much straw or poor
hay to feed out. A fow corn butts, through the
Winter and spring, occasionally, will be chewed
with a relish. From my own experience I am led
to believe that the well secared fodder from 150 to
200 bushels of corn, fed out judiciously, to a stock
of 25 bead, is nearly as valuable as an equal weight
of mediom quality bay.
War Sows Destzor rartx Youxg —A writer in
the Homestead gives an article on this subject, in
which he argues very conclusively that “ costive-
ness and its accompanying evils are the main
causes of sows destroying Micir young.”
——__
‘Wireat Sowtxo,—Oonsiderable wheat bas been sowe
in this section daring the past Wendays A much larger
breadth of land is being devoted to wheat cultore in
Weatera and Central New York, than has been thus
‘occapled for many years. Woe trast cultivators will not
be dissppoloted tn the resol,
Prrranixo axp Sowrxa Geass Saxp—Correction —
J. TL, of Hoenrtetta, writes: ~* [did not proseree a copy
of my statement, In Romat of Aug. 211, on Preparing
grass seed; batif 1am not mistaken I used tho term
cooler whore you have tt printed cool A temperature
from 75 to 90 degroes I call hot; following that a tom-
Peratare from 45 to 75, [ would denominate cooler, bat
not cool, Tho last of Avg, or frat of Sept ts the truo
Ume for sowing Umothy seod, all other things boing
right, and tho tomperature genorally about as Inst
named above—cooler, not decidedly Aot,”
‘Tom Wneat Cror—Yield Sust and West,—Wo have
erotofore spoken of tho largo ylold of wheat I» thle
Stato, and stated that, on harvesting, the crop proved
mach lighter at the West and South than had bees
anticipated. Recent lotters, and statements in oor
exchanges, show that the yleld bas proved ‘unurvally
largo in Now York and Canada West, while the rosalt
{athe roverso in the West Tho N. ¥. Tribune of tho
Sth, after quoting letters relative to the yield In difforemt
localitios, says:—“ Everywhoro at the Bast the ylold of
wheat appoars, from all the accounts that come to us,
entiroly satisfactory, while overy account from the Weet
agrees {n tho statement that, although tho straw ts
heavy, the ylold of grain is unusually light” As wo
intimated Ib 4 Inte Runa, tho yield of tho wheat crop
of the country will prove far bolow the estimates whiok
have been mado by commercial papers and operators
in broadatofts
Fiovun ytom Davrow Wunar.—We are indebted to
Mr. L. Brave, of Junius, for a samplo of flour made
from Dayton wheat, It is a good article, and makes
bread which compares well with that mado from the
ordinary brands of Genesee Flour.
Jounstor'’s Braw UWanvesren —A correspondent
writes us that bo ts glad to seo Mr. Howann, of Buffalo,
advertises this, for bo is satiefled, afer using one last
year, that overy farmor who gives {ta trial, * will never
consent to pull beans by band again—for it is tho
meanest business over done on a farm. Hoe says tho
machine cuts off the etalk near thd surface of the
ground, or a little below it, and runs under the pods,
bo as not to shell thom—that he harvested olght acres
in one day, Inat yoar, which ho call a great day's work
tat in looking at the Meld after the machine passed
through, you could hardly suppose a bean etalk had
been cut, as thoy mostly stood up where cut—that the
vines cured rapidly, 60 that all were in nice order in a
couple of days to go along with a wagon and fork thom
Into {t without any gathering, Ho adds:—I write you
to lot farmors know that this machine every bean-
growor wants, With {t the ralsing of beans is made
easy, and remuncrating crop.” And wo thos con-
dense and givo the testimony of H. E. P., of Shelby,
for the bonedt of those of our readers lnterceted,
Broow Coux.—An Iilinols paper makes the following
scoping statement, averriog that whoover “owns tho
corn” can drive poverty feom bis threshold with w
broomstick :—' There is o fold of broom corn this #on-
son In the vicinity of Rookford, LiL, of nearly $00 acres,
The eced was planted by machinery, the corn belog
drilled in rows, two feet nine inches apart, Tne whole
crop is contracted at $55 per tan. Tho crop this yoar
will amount to $20,000.”
Two Osweco Co. Farns,—Wo learn from tho Syracuae
Journal that, In addition to the Fair to be held at Mox-
feo, Bept. 19-15, (as already stated in tho Runat,)
another Oswego Co. Fair Is announced—to take place
at Fulton, Sept 18-16, Each organization claims to
be te County Ag. Boclety, we belicve—though wo
know little of the merits of the case, and should not
conaidor it our duty to exproas an opinion in favor of
eithor, even if fully advised. We sincerely trast that
both Fairs will prove valuable auxiliarics {n promoting
the cause of ural Improvement. We hope to bavo
the pleasure of spending a day at each, not doubting
bat tho epirit of emulation aroused by the rivalry of
the two associations will render both exhibitions bighly
creditable,
Hair at Fulton—Oficers of the Soctely, &c.—Bioce
the above was written we ore in receipt of the Fattioa
Patriot & Gazette containing list of Officers, Premioms,
&c., of the Socloty which holds {ts Fair at that place,
(called Oswego Fails in tho announcement) Sept 18-16,
‘The principal officers aro: President —Jort. TURKU,
Oswego City, Vice Prests—J. W. Pratt, Fulton; Oreom
Titus, Haonibal. Sec. Sec'y—Jobn U. Baith, Oswege
Falls. Cor. Seoty—2. K. Sanford, Fulton. Treasurer
—Samuel G. Merriam, New Ha Eztoulive Com-
mittes John Reaves, Granby; C Case, M.S, Kim-
ball, Fulton, Finance Committee—Jobn E. Duvton,
A. G. Pisn, Elliot Harroun, Fulton, The towns of
Lysander, (Onondaga Co,,) and Ira and Sterling, (Cay-
ogs Oo,,) are admitted to all the privileges of tho
Society. The premiums offered are liberal and include
the various branches of Agriculture, Hortienlture, Mo-
chanical and Domestle Manufactores, de. On the 16th,
there Is be o Begatta, trial of Fire-Engines, exbibl-
tion of Horses, sud other atu actions,
Fares sext Wrex.—In addition to the Oswego Faire
already noticed, New York Coanty Falrs aro to be beld
next week In Cayuga, Chantsuque, Delaware, Genesee,
Queens, Rensselacr and Seboyler. Union 204 Tow
Fairs as follows—Adams, Galen, Lebanon, Medina,
Smithville and Smyrna, The Kentucky, New aces
and Vermont State Fairs are to be beld next week ;
also tho National Fair at Chicago
‘Tim Livowta Tow Fass 14 10 bo held Oot 6th.
Srivesrax Puancis is Prosidont of the Boclety ; Nortom
Gibbs, Vice-Prea't; A. St), Secretary; and G. ¥.
Pratt, Treasurer. =
y Auxnics.—We learn that Mr.
ge. Brees on erzaDelds, B. J. is filing an order
for 1.00) of bis Combination Bee-Hives to be sent te
South America, and that 600 Dave aiready been sbipped
.=Mr. N. N. Taxar, of Mendon, bas
avina Pei specimens of rich and Goe-favored
apple, whieh be calls the “ Loomis Sweetwater, Treat.
bountifal supply of the Golden Sweet A fine 77
\]
i
FRENCH METHOD OF PRUNING THE PEACH.
Now that the culture of the Peach in Orebard
Houses and other glass structures is attracting »
good deul of ‘attention in this country, the follow-
ing explaoation of the new French metbod of
gy ond training the Pescb, which we take
will be
provio, 4
from the London Gardener's Chronicle,
joteresting to many of our readers:
‘Wisbin the last three years the French have
jnvented a method of treating the Peach Tree
wholly at variance witb all previous contrivances.
It originated with a grower at Chartres, and bas
Deen portly explained, but scarcely in bis usual
abie manner, by M Dusreui, the great authority
among oor Gullic friends in all matters relating to
proving and training froit trees. I haye taught,
says this gentleman, the old mode of training for
sixteen years, and if I now abandon it, it is
becanse the new way is better; and if a better
atill should be invented I should as readily aban-
don this. Io an article in the Revue Horticole will
be found a discussion of the advantages and dis-
advantages of this method by M. Dosrevw, of
which and the wood cuts sccompanyrng it, we
hare availed ourselves with the assistance of Mr.
Taourson, in order to make out exactly in what
the method consists.
In order to explain the system to which we
refer, it is necessary to observe, in the first place,
that the peach tree bears its fruit on the preceding
sommer’s shoots; these, when growing vigor-
onsly, usually throw out Jaterals, which are also
termed summer laterals, becuuse they ere produced
from recently formed buds on the youbg sumwmer’s
Bboots, and not from buds that have existed during
winter, Sometimes, according to the state of the
tree, no such laterals are prodoced unless the
growing shoot is stopped or shortened; this in-
duces several of the eyes left to burst into shoots
instead of remaining in the bud state till the fol-
lowing spring. These are termed by the French
dourgeons anticipes, to distinguish them from the
regular sboots, that is, those which spring from
bods pruned in the preceding summer, and which
do not push till the following spring,
According to the new system, it appears that of
the shoots which push from mature buda those
situated on the front and sides of the branches
only are retained; those behind are disbudded as
Fiavre 1.
goon as they are 23{ inches long. At the samo
time the others are pinched so as to preserve only
the two lowest well-developed leaves, a8 at A, A,
Fig, 1. The weak leaves, 5, B, B, are not taken
into account. This pinching bas the effect of
causing tbe young buds situated in the axils of the
two leaves to burst into shoots, a, a, Fig. 2, and
Figune 2.
when these shoots are two inches long they also
Are cut off obove the first leaf from their origin-
Froune 3.
The secondary loterals which push from the first
ones are likewise pinched to one leaf from their
bases, og at a A, Fig.
8. Those shoots which
Push afresh from vigor-
ous parts are entirely
removed.
These operations cause
the production of buds
which atthe winter pron-
ing have the appearance
represented by Fig. 4;
they are then cut at 4 a,
‘A A, 80 as to leave only
the base.
Fig. 4.
the flower buds nearest
“_ When numerous late-
als push, on the leading shoots, o, Fig. 5, those | say the i
situated behind are entirely removed. The otbers ee
Ought to be pinched as soon as the second pair of
leaves hove the buds in their axils sufficiently
advaneed. If the operation is deferred too long,
tbe sboot lengthens and a xpur is produced, which
stibe winter proving is like that represented by
Fig. 6. If the operation is performed too early,
Ficune 5.
before the buds have commenced to form, the
shoot wishers as in Fig. 7.
Figure 6.
But when the pinching is performed at the
proper time the shoot ceases to lengthen, and the
lower pair of leaves remain near the base. At
the winter proning the shoots have the appearance
represented by Fig. 8.
It sometimes happens that, in spite of pinching,
the laterals continue to lengthen. In this case a
cut is made with the point of the knife on one side
of the base, at a, Fig, 9, about balf an inch in
length. Thiscut stops the growth, and a few days
after the lateral is pinched, and the eyes are formed
in the axils of the two lower leaves, as at p.
‘All the laterals having been pinched for the first
time, on several of them one or two generations of
young shoots will be pro-
duced. These are pinch-
ed above the leaf nearest
to their base, as already
explained, and this ope-
ration will give rise to
Fia. 7. shoots as represented in
Figs. § and 10. At the winter pruning they are
cnt as at B, Fig 8.
Sometimes the spur resulting from these repeated
pincbings becomes entirely composed of blossom
buds, a8 represented by Fig. 10, If left they so
completely weaken
the spur that itis apt
to die. To prevent
this, all the flower
buds are cut off, and
an incision made at
A, Fig. 11.
Finally, close
pinching is not prac-
tised during the first
year after the tree
is planted, Such sppears to be the plan now
advocated by M. Dopaevit under the name of
pincement court, which we prefer to call spur prup-
ing. That the method has been unsuccessful in
Figure 9.
several places he admits, but he thinks that this
bas been owing to want of skill in the operator,
His own experience tells him that it possesses the
following advantages,
1, It saves labor by
getting rid of the ne-
ceasity of summerand
winter nailing. 2. It
saves half the cost of
trellis work, — (the
French train their
peach trees to wooden
or wire trellis.) 8. Winter and summer pruning
becomes much more simple and more readily
understood by gardeners. 4. The fruit spurs pro-
jecting from the front
of the old wood pro-
tect it with theirleayes
from the scorching ac-
tionofthesuo. 5, The
fruit epurs being very
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKEER.
A FINE AUTUMN APPLE
Eps. Roran:—I send you to-day, by express, a
small box of apples, of a variety Known here os
the Scott Apple, so called from @ gentleman of
that osme, a former resident of this town, who is
said to huye brought the scons from the Eastern
part of this State, or from the Eustern States.
From the description I tuink it may be the Drap
d'or, or Early Summer Pippip of Dowsing. I see
that neither Tuowas por Barry describe it, Iam
at loss to know why it bus vot been brought into
notice before this. It is cultivstad to some extent
in this town, and the universal opision of those
who have tasted it, is that it is every way superior
to any other summer, or early autumn apple, in
cultivation bere,
It begins to ripen about the same time as the
Yellow Harvest—will avawer to cook full as early
—and ripens in succession until about the Ist of
October. The tree is avigorous grower and bears
abundaotly every year, I think you could not do
your readera a greater fayor than to notice it in
the columns of the Ruran.
Alabama, N, Y,, 1859. B. B. Warren.
Rexarxs.—With the above we received a box
of apples of medium size and of much the appear-
ance of the Fall Pippin. Bortunately at the time
Cras. Downine and other eminent Pomologists
were paying our city a visit, and we had the
pleasure of presenting this apple to their notice.
At first some were disposed to think it the Fall
Pippin, but Mr. Dowan1Ns, from the first, decidedly
dissented—as he did also to the supposition of Mr,
Wanney, that it was the Early Sammer Pippin.
All agreed that it is a first-rate apple, almost, if
not quite, as good ss Fall Pippin; and its pro-
ductiveness will give it a decided advantage over
that old and favorite sort. Will Mr, Warren send
a few ripe specimens and scions by express to Mr.
Downixa, at Newburgh?
——————————————
Roonester Garpens.—Aniong the fine gardens
around Rochester which we have visited the past
week, we must notice as worthy of particular com-
mendation thatof Setan Mirnews, Bsq., the Pres-
ident of the Genesee Horticultural Society. This
is a complete establishment, with Conservatory,
Grape House, Lawn, Pear Orchard, &. Janes
Bucwan, Esq., has several acres, thickly planted
with fruit trees, and all cared for in the very best.
mapuer, Here may be seen some of the most
beutiful standard apple trees which it hus ever
been our pleasure to Jook upon, the limbs bending
to the ground with their weight of fruit, and en-
tirely concealing the trunk, Standard ond dwarf
pear trees, also, in health and vigor, and in the
greatest yariety—all well laden with ripening
specimens. Go and see this fine fruit garden, and
you will be very politely received, and carry away
at least 9 great amount of usefal information.
plants may not be sent safely by mnil.
would consult the interests of Horticulture and of
the Department too, by allowing seeds, scions and
plants to be carried through the mail at a low
rate, and Horticultural and Agricultural Societies
should petition Congress for a Jaw of this kind.
Avy persons who have received plants by mail
will please state their condition. A letter now
before us says:—‘“‘I haye received strawberry
plants by mail, and they were so securely packed
that although some few days on the way, I found
them moist and fresh, and don’t see anything now
to prevent their doing well.
ment successful, at least in this case, and don’t see
why, if properly packed, it may not be in every
instance.”
gives its Annual Autumnal Lrhibition at Corin-
thian Ha}!, Rochester, on the 28d inst.
Inquiries and Answers.
“Ror” ms Gearrs—Incioved I eend you a specimen
of grapes affected with seme kind of blight Can you,
or avy of your correspondent, toform me throvugn the
Bonat what tt is avd whet je the remedy? Tow firey
appearance of this 1s a smal), black #pot upon the ber- |
ries when tey are about tbe size of peas, which spreads
and in many ivslances Killatheberry, Aboutone-toird
of our crop this eeason will be destroyed by it The
skin only is affected by It, unless it reaches the stem,
when the berry dies —J. N, Bueset, Niles, Mich.
Tue disease that injures your grapes is the
“rot.” It is very bad bere this season, particu-
larly go with Catawbas—tbe Isabella is not so
much affected, and only, we believe, in damp,
unsuitable situations. Vires growing ina deep,
dry, mellow soil are much Jess affected than those
grown in a moist, underdrained situation. Stull,
the fruitis sometimes affected under all circum-
stances, and we know but little of the cause or
the cure.
Pose Arpie Squasnts —Will you, or some of your
Anmerous contnibotors or readers, please inform me
through your excellent paper, whether Pine Apple
Squashes ore ft forthe table? If so, at what time and
how used? —A Sunsouisex, Hebron, O., 1859.
Pins Arrie Squasnes are fit to eat as soon os
they get to be of the size of a large apple. They
may be eaten all through the season, sud improve
in quality as they get larger. Tois is our first
year’s experience with it, and we cannot say how
it answers in the fall or winter. Theyare thought
by some to be superior in flavor to the best of toe
old summer squashes.
Srpawoenery AND Ornsy Puaxts ny Mar—I eco
some persons are advertising to rend strawberry plants
by wail. Will they carry safe in this way, so a8 to be
of any use when received —T, B, Davenport, Iowa,
Tr properly packed we know not why afew
Our rulers
IT consider the experi-
Tur Gexesex Vautey Horrroviturat Society
A. Morse, Esq , on Northstreet, bas abont an acre,
principally in fruit trees, and some exceeding fine
specimen trees, that are beautiful to look upon.
Nothing gives intelligert cultivators more pleasure
than to have their groonds yisited by persons of
like taste, with whom they can converse in regard
to their favorite trees; plants and flowers, and
notbing tends more to iiiprove taste and increase
knowledge.
eS
Frurr Business or Rocnsster.—Although we
are deprived of our usual crop of peaches for
shipping this season, we notice that the fruit
dealers are doing quite a large business in pur-
chasing other fruits for the Eastern and other
markets. Hundreds of barrels of fall apples, such
as Twenty Ounce Pippins, are shipped in yery
Jarge quantities. Our plum crop is exceedingly
abundant, and during the past two weeks not less
than two hundred bushels per day have been ship-
ped from this place for various points eastward
and in Canada. There are several parties in town
purcbasing for the Montreal market, and others
are buying to send Dust. One gentleman bas
sbipped to New York tbis season over three hun-
dred barrels of various kinds of plums, and is still
baying. The prices paid at present for large
pluma vary from $1 00 to $1 25 per bushel, Tor
Green Gages, which are now ont of season, from
four to five shillings per bushel was paid for large
quantities,
—
Disrincuisnep Horreottorat Vistrors.—Dur-
ing the past week we have been favored with a call
from several distinguished horticulturists, some
of whom came a lon distance to look at the fruits
and trees so finely grown and in such abundance
by the leading nurserymen and amateurs of Roch-
ester. Among those that we bad the pleasure of
taking by the hand was Cuarues Downine, of
Newburgh, whom all Pomologists delight to honor;
Joun J. Toomas, Witt1as Rein, of Elizabethtown,
New Jersey; Prof. Kizrtuanp, of Cleveland, Obio,
who hes given us so many new and fine cberries;
and Tuomas W. Freup, author of “ Field's Pear
Oulture,”
————
Axotner New Grare.—Warren Pierponn, of
short the old wood that
bears them may be
Fig, 11.
twice as thick, and consequently a wall will carry
twice as much fruit,
Nor does it appear to M. Dusneur that the plan
of spur-proning is affected by climate; for he has
practised it successfully in extremely different
parts of France. We must, however, express a
doubt whether an equally satisfactory result would
attend it in our damp insular climate. That is,
however, @ point to be determined by actual
experiment, and in no other manner,
+o —______
Lance Crop or Raspperntes.—I wish to make
& statement, and you may publish it in the Ruran
if you think it worthy of any consideration, I
Picked from a small patch of ground in my gar-
See By 40 feet, 8 bushels, 8 pecks and 1 pint of
© Red Ant io
NY, ae Raspberry.—D. Mansu, Le Roy,
oe
Gnare Crop or Omio.—The Cincinnati papers
the vicinity of that city is
better this year than at any previous season since
1853,
West Bloomfield, presented us several bunches of
a small native grape, which he has fruited for four
years. Mr, P. says, “it is very hardy, more so
than the Isabella. Fruit ripens about the 265th of
Angust; hangs on the vines well, and is quite
prolific.” Its earliness, in our opipion, is its only
merit, We would rather wait longer for a better
grape. Itia named Pierpont's Rareripe.
————
“Peurrs mw tusiz Season.” — Our markets are
now presenting a very ¢astful aspect. The fruits
of the season are coming in, in most gratifying
abundance, Particularly is this the case with
peaches, plums and pears, all of which are much
better in appearance and flavor than has been the
case for several years past, and we therefore hope
that the fears which were entertained in various
quarters that Western New York was in a state of
degeneration as a fruit-growing region, may be
practically dissipated.—Buffalo Com, Adv.
—————
Frurr Growers’ Meetixc.— The September
Meeting of the Fruit Growers’ Society of Western
New York will be held at the Court House in
Rochester, commencing on Thursday, September
22d, at 11 o'clock, A. M.
PRESERVING GREEN CORN.
Messrs. Eps. :—Seeing an inquiry in your excel-
Jent Rugat for keeping green corn, I send you
my plan.
Take avy quantity of Sweet Corn when good for
boiling, leave on the inside husk to tie two or four
together, then pack them close in a large boiler,
and when you bave enough cover with cold salt
and water. Let them boil 10 or 15 minutes; have
a clothes line in the yard, take them out and throw
them over the line, let them be in sun aod wind
till the cob is quite dry, then tear off the husk,
put them in a bag and keep ina dry place. Io
winter take as many cobs as you need to cook, put
them in a pail of warm water and soak, then boil
as green corn. I have bad good corn on the table
all winter preserved in this way.
Green Beans 1 gather when good for boiling, put
them in crocks, pour boiling sult and water over;
when cold cover with a cloth, aud put in a cold
place. When wanted, soak to freshness, and
boil—A. H.
Taxx the corn as soon as it is large enough to
use; (aweet cora is the best,) cook it in the same
manner as for table use, then with a sharp knife
cut off the outside of the kernels, scraping off the
rest. Spread a white cloth upon a table, or, what
better, tack it to two of your quilt frames, and
stretch it in the sunshine; spread your corn upon
it, stirring it occasionally through the day ; it will
adhere slightly to the cloth at first, when you can
loosen it with a knife; two sunsbiny days will be
sufficient to thoroughly dry it, you can then store
it away for future use without any fear of its
“working.”
Another way, which my mother says she has
seen practised with success in Iilinois, is, not to
cook the corn at first, but cut and scrape it off
as above, and then place it in a shallow dish over
the fire, stirring it constantly to prevent burniog
until the moisture is well evaporated, and then
spread in the sun,—ove day is sufficient to dry it
when prepared in this manner. When wanted for
use, take a sufficient quantity, cover well with cold
water, set it where it will keep moderately warm,
until soaked soft, then season weld with butter,
salt and pepper if you like; add milk enovgh to
cover well the whole, and a cup of sweet cream if
you can afford it; boil gently fifteen minutes, and
you will have o delicious dish, Don’t wait until
your corn gets ard before you begin to dry it—
but commence as soon as it is fit to eat; the
younger it is the sweeter it will be—*.
Gorticultural Advertisements,
5.000 daanrivt, ANY LOOP mune
Vines tis Peli ebexper than tev cau be houghbelsewhere
i Semero New York The Chin on Grane ie TITS
QuAreor auknica Those who contempls ¢polnx
sf call and try) Grapo
pit Ee TEAGUSON, No. w
0
HE ALLEN RASPBERRY.
‘Tie best ly Teo = — iin
high favor, and very mae, fo Cultivation—of large size,
The Alien Kasphirry is one of ebich a reat deat may
be exp: cle ws exblhited with us, for ita lure size. bright
red color, Ormnes for enrris wnlformity of yielding, xod
lvoper, Sec, Cincinoatt Hor-
‘tenet Hortioniturist
Pier in ataree competitfon of
complete lard inesa"—— Joh
ticultaral So
dhe "ay
ore)
; Parry, of Cinnaminson, N. Jn ni
ditto cubstantiaity to Mesa evar mae ee
“Our agent, one of the oldest frit deste hineton.
Market, sew York, forms us that no © ruspberr}
comes nto market than the “slien,"—i & J ‘wpenien
Ponehkeepele, N. ¥
Price, #1 per do: Mi per 100; #49 per 1,000 plants, well
packed, and sent yresa or Ofer conveyance. wa dle
rected, after et October, Orders with money Iocloaed will
be oremp'ly answered. WIS Pot LEN,
Biack Roca, N, Y,, Sept. 1, 1859, 605-10
ONA ISLAND VINES.
A New Baition of Descripsive Catalogne will be ready by
the 1th, which will he sent to applicants sending «three
centatsmp, It conti «additional information relative to
Plonting, Training, aud the manueement of Vinca, with a
full an? accurate description of ail the valuable varietles
with which Tam acqualored that are now jn marker,
My fucuitica fer propagating dneiudine neary an acre of
g)iss) ure extensive. and tn consequence my pliuts gener
aly, and repectuly the Delawure Vines, are this season of
much better quality than | have before heen able to offer,
Of Large Diaua Vines my stock ts limited, but of surones-
Ingexcelence, OF Ann the stork ts slao smell. but plants
of hest quality: chiefly LARGE LAYERS rendy for hearings
For Prices and? Jul Particulars, 46 Cutaloyue,
Of Delnware Vines, berides very large Layers 1 have a
gond stock of exceedingly vigorous plants grown in toe
open air, for such as twiy pre'er them, Of these the wood
and routs are very strong, ard will be thoroughly ripened
early in the seaaum,
I sould reeominend the Herbemont as a most delicions
Grane, atid a xreat acquisition to all gardens haviog a shel-
tered exposure not more than ope degree porth of Innimde
of New York A sail stock of very large layers ready for
bearlog. now for the first time ¢ fered
Concord—a small stock of revonrkably larze Inyers for
immediate bearing, as well as small vines, A gond tock
and very large plants of Rebeces, Canby’s Angust, which
fs synonymous» ith Cape, Alexander York Madrirn, Hyce'a
Evin. Sconyikill Moscadel Buldwin's Karly, etc, o few
layers, Of the following a very Nmited supply:
‘Allen's Hybrid. (a white erape equal to Ohasselaa) Lopan,
To Kslon (eynonymous «ith Wyuan.ete.,) Caraldy, Loutas,
Risinbore, Clara, Raabe. Lenoir, 0, Village, Barly Hudson,
Gaerlgae's, Hartford Prolific. Emily.
Foreign Vines, a good swock—plants vizorons,
sings Everbearng Mulberry; o small stock of supe-
ror plants, 1 and 2 years old.
Newman's Chorpless Blackberry, (best garden variety.)
a few hundred.
W. GRANT,
per
3.
Wholesale Outalogne ready, P 0.
505.3t oNa Isuanp, near Peekskill, Westebester Co,, N.Y;
A FAHNESTOCE & SONS
OFFER GREAT INDUCEMENT AT THE
TOLEDO NURSERIES.
NorskryMen and others w'ahing to pnrchase emall stock
for the West and Sonth, would do well to call and examine
the following desirable arucles, offered ut the lowest-ra'es:
100,000 Apale Trees 5 to 7 feet, very fine.
990,000 Apple Trees, 3 to 4 fect, very fine, $50 per 1,000; by
quantity, #15 ver 1,000,
300,40 4 pple Trees. 1 yeur from graft, $25 per 1,000, by quan-
ality, 820 per 1,000,
500,000 Apple Trees, grafted thia coming winter and sent out
in she spring, at #8 per 1,000; when 20,000 are takeo. at
85 per 1.00.
80,000 Standard Pears, 1 year od, very strong, from bud,
$20 per 100. $180 per 1,000.
5,00 pee Cea ty eas old, very strong, from bud, $12
er 105 8100 per 1,000,
10 (sh Pears, 2 years from bud, $23 per 100; $200 per
7,000,
9,000 Standard Plums, on plum stocks, 1 year, $20 per 100:
$180 per 1,00,
15,000 Cherries, Standard, 5 to 7 fect, very fine, $15 per 100;
#20 per 1,000.
16 om teres: Standard, 1 year old, very fine, $12 per 100;
15.000 Mosehton Gooseberries, from cuttings, very strong,
$2 000.
40,000 Currants, (in 12 varfeties,) very low; Red and White
Dutch, $40 per 1!
16,40 Lawton Blackberries, #8 per 100; 960 per 1.000,
19,000 Linnasus end Victoria Rhubarb, #10 per 100; @80 per
1
90,00) anvers Quince Stocks, #15 per 1,000.
30,000 Tena Calas aud Clinton’ Grape Vines, 1 year,
430 per 1,000,
15,000 Heats, Oatayrba and Clinton Grape Vines, 2 years,
950 per 1."
20,00 Manetti Rose Stochs #2,95 per 100: #20 per 1,000.
60.090 norway work #as to be obtained heretofore, which
bresepted, within a compact and convenient compass, the
chief events of the life of Daniel Webater, his most remark-
able intellectoal efforts, and the moat valuable and Interest-
ing eulogles which the great mea of Whe nation uttered in
Lonor of his memory.
We present all these treasures in this volume, ata very
moderate price. and lo a very coavenient form. Snbscrio-
ment price, in clotn, $1,75; handsomely embossed leatuer,
Sample copies seat by mall, post paid, on receipt of sub-
acHpon price
Clrealar, giving contents of the work and Catalogue of
my Publications, will be sent free non application. Address
f DUANE RULISON. Publisher,
506-13¢ 83 South Third Street, Philadelphia, Pa.
ISARELLA AND 5,000 CLINTON
GRAPE VINES FOR SALE.—I will sell theso
Vines this Pali cheaper than Wey can be bought elsewhere
in Western New York. The Clinon Grape \s Tue WINB
Grape op Astenica. ‘Dhose who contempla’e going into the
wine business had better call and t i
ne, E, FERGUSON, No-13 Frans atresia”
805.3t Rochester, N.Y.
THE ALLEN RASPBERRY.
‘Tie best hardy Raspberry in Cultivation—of large siz
high flavor, and very prodactive. suai
The Allied Raspherry | one of which a great deal may
be expected, ag exbiblted with us, for its large size, bright
red color, Ormness for carriage, aniformity of ylelding, and
complete Jutrdiness.""—E. J, Huoper, Sec, Cincinnatl Hor-
tcultaral Society, in August’ Horticulturist
‘Tbe “Allen” took the first prise [n a large competition of
jaspberries at the Cincionatl Show in June last,
Geo, Seymour & Co.. 0° Norwalk, Cono,, extensive berry
growers. after trying fifty plants in bearing, ordered a thou
Sand plants more of me, remarking that "for all good qual-
ites combined, the ‘Allen’ is the best raspberry we have
een or cultivated.
m. Parry, of Cinnaminson, N. J., near Philad
ditto, substantially to Messrs, Seymour & Co, sions,
ur agent, one of the oldest fruit deaiers in Washington
Market, New York, informs us that no better raspberry
comes Into market than the ‘Allen.’”—H. & J. Carpenter,
Poughkeepele, N.Y.
Price, $1 per dozen: #5 per 100; 840 per 1,000 plants, well
packed, and sent per express. or other conveyance, as di-
rected, after Ist October. Orders with money inclosed will
be promptly answered, WIS F. ALLEN,
Black Rock, N. Y., Sept. 1, 1859, G05-Lut
Ls ISLAND VINES.
A New Edition of Descriptive Catalogue will be ready by
the 15th, which will be sent to applicants sending a three
centstainp. It contaios additional information relative to
Planting, Training, and the management of Vines, with a
fulland accurate description of all the valuable varieties
with which Tam acquainted that are now in market.
My facilities or propagating (Including meariy an ‘acre of
glass) are extensive, and In cousequence my plants gener.
ally, and especlaily the Delaware Vines, are this season of
much better quality than I have before been able to offer.
Of Large Diana Vines my stock is limited, but of surpass-
Ing excellence, Of Anna, the stook 1s also small, but plants
Of best quality: chiefly LARGE LAYERS ready for bearing,
‘or Prices and full Particulars, see Catalogue.
Of Delaware Vines, besides very large Layers, I have a
good stock of exceedingly vigorous plants grown in the
open air, forsuch as may prefer them, Of these the wood
and rovis are very strong, acd will be doroughly ripened
early in the season.
I would recommend the Herbemont as a most delicious
Grape, and a great acquisition to all gardens having a shel-
tered exposure not more than one degree north of latitude
of New York, A small stock of very large layers ready for
beariog, now for the first tine offered
Concord—a small stock of remarkably large layers for
immediate bearing, as well as small vinea. A good stock
and very large plants of Rebecca. Canby’s Avgust, which
is synonymous with Cape, Alexander, York Madeira, Hyde's
Eliza, Scouylkill Mascadel, Baldwin's Early, etc., a few
layers. Of the following a very limited supply:
Allen's Hybrid, (a white grape equal to Chasselas,) Loran,
To Kalon (synonymous with Wyman. etc,,) Cassidy, Loulsa,
Elsinborg, Olara, Raabe. Lenoir, U. Village, Early Hudson,
Garrigue’s, Hartford Prollftc, Exnily
Foreign Vines, a gnod stock—plants vigorous.
Downing's Everbearing Mulberry; a small stock of supe-
rior plants, | and 2 years old.
Newman's Chornicss Blackberry, (best garden yariety,)
a few hundreds,
Wholesale Catalogue ready. ©. W. GRANT,
Tona Istanp, near Peekskill, Westchester Co,, N.Y.
605.3
7 BE LOGAN GRAPE.—The earllestripening, black,
hardy Grape with which we are acquainted. Tts fruit
Was s9ot to us this year earlier than apy Other grape grown
f over 70 serts
of Grapes, sent to applicants who inclose a stamp,
B0i-c 0, PB. BLsSELU & SALTER, Rochester, N. Y.
EW GROCERY ESTABLISHMENT,
No. 20 Front Street, Rochester, N. ¥.
JARVIS & DUNBAR have opened a Grocery Store where
can be had a cholce lot of Groceries—Teas, Coffees,
Sugars, Molasses, Spices, Raisins, Prunes, Zante Currants,
Nutmegs, Indio, Tobacco, Oigars, ke. (508-18
(a7~ The highest market price paid for Butter, Eggs, &c.
VALUABLE FARM FOR SALE, SITUATED
LA. in the Pown of Sheldon, Wyoming Oo.. N. Y., 12 miles
south of Attica, contain #46 acres of productive soll, for
rasa oF spring grain—wvell adapted for a large Dalry, or
Stock Farm—with commodious Buildings and choice Fruit.
For terms, apply to E. ma ae on ve premises, or to the
subscriber, near Scottsvlile, Monroe County.
5-3 WILLIAM GARBUTT.
N
GOTRA WHER BY: SEEDS.—The Subscriber offers for
sale, put up in packages containing more than 15,000
seeds from alot collected this present season from anew
Jantatlon of four acres, in consequence of the feult becom-
ing soft, gritty and unsaleable, on account of the elght days
spell of rainy weather at the Ume of ripening. It is mainly
from the following choice varieties: (lovey. Longworth,
Moavoy, Boston Pine, Wuson, Scott, Jenny, Barly
Bearlet and Watker’s Seedling.
To the amateur, or any one wishing to see developed the
new and improved varieties tbat woay be produced from a
package of thls seed, the opportunity ls now presented. To
any one located in the new or unsettled parts of the coun-
try, this Is the most convenlent and economical way of
procuring Strawberry Plants,
Price, $1,00 rea Park, A liberal discount made to the
trade, Address ELIZUR EB. CLARKE,
New Haven. Conn.,
Inclosing $1,00, and a package of sced will be sent by return
of mail pone paid, to any part of the country, as directed,
Full ections to plant and cultivate, accompany each
paper. 5043t
VPs TREES! THREES!!:
FOR THE AUTUMN OF 1859,
‘Te Scnscatsens Invite the attention of NoRSERYMEN,
Desens and PLAseRs, to thelr large aad fine Stock of
ArrLe Taees—Standard and Dwarf—one to four years old;
strong and well-grown,
Peau Trees —Dwarf, 80.000 2 and 3 years—fine, strong and
healtby trees, and of sorts most approved on the quince,
Pear Trees—Staodard, & large and fine assortment of the
most desirable kinds.
Onerry Tress—Standard and Dwarf—one, two and three
Ea invlarae supply and beautiful trees, and of the
est sor
Peacu Trees—One year: Plum. 2years; Orange. Quince, &c.
‘OoraaNts—Red Dutch, White Dateb, Oherry, Victoria, &c.
GooskBeRRms—American Seediing and the best English
sorts,
RAsFBEnRTES—The leading sorts In large quantities.
Biacksennies—Lawton lurgely—Dorchester and Newman's
‘bornless,
Raveans—Downing’s Colossal, Cahoon's Mammoth, and a
large anpoly of Mvait’s Linnmos,
Guare Vixes—With the best facilities for and the best care
in propagating, we are enabled to offer Delaware,
Diana, Rebecca, Concord, Hartford Protifio, an
many other new and old sorts, with the best forelen
varieties for growing under glass. Strong plants by the
dozen, or hundred, or larger quantities,
Evencneess—Norway Spruce, Balsam Fir, Scotch, Norway
and White Pines, Red Oedar, Am, Arbor Vite, &c.
Decipcous Trees AND Ssuves—Horse Chestout, Mt, Ash,
Am. Linden, Maples Am Chestnut, Am. and European
Ash, Judas Tree, Laburnum, Snow Ball, Purple Fringe,
jen, &o,
Rosrs—Climping and Hybrid Perpetuals—a fine assortment
of strong plants,
Hance Puaxrs—Am, Arbor Vitw, Red Cedar Prive, Osase
range, &o,
Srooks Fon NoRseRYMEN—A fine supply of Anzers Quince,
Pear, Plum, Cherry, (Mazaard and Mahaleb,) one year
old, and Apple Stocks 9 yeurs old.
C, MAXWELL & BRO.
Geneva, Ontarlo Oo., N. ¥., Sept. 1, 1859. 50-5E
prog DELAWARE GRAPE VINES. PROP A:
gated from the original stock, price a
rd, Hartford Prolific, and other
new varieties, @1 to oa strong and well peeled xeaay
for delivery in the SW, CAME a
"August, 1659, (602-130) Delaware, .
GUANO—SO PER CENT. BONE
BS rt A DIE eee Ee
ere of your poorest land, on
Win! ie Reitat fay ‘or write for & clroular and certificate
from those who have used It, Sold at #80 per tun, 2,000 me;
4 Bags per 0% Woop & GRANT, New York.
502.8t WM, A. MARIN’ & CO,, New York.
Gear SALE OF REAL ESTATE,
WITH VALUABLE BUILDINGS, «
mat Olcott, Niagara Co., Oct. 18th, 1859,
prt Di sell at Public Auction, on ae above
Ave orsixt
Farm,
4th. Seventy-five eon erad 1 ays
alles southwest of Olean TN tre any, zine about four
luable wood lot, and
Will’be sold all together ot In parcels as we nnd DurcUascrs
5th, Teo ralanble village tots In West Olcott, In the cen-
tee of the villaze, onpaal
several choice lola it, East Olseire CoMALEr’s store, Also,
“ust be sold, and ether
The proverty above enuterd
valuable progerty will orobany:
Olcott is located at the moath of
‘on the shore of Lake Ontarlo: and:
fertility of soll, salubrity of climate, To
frult, freedom from frosts, drouth, or th
around It cannot be excelled by anything inthe
Dersons desiring to purchase will coma and
be arare chance for a bargain. Bale to
o'clock A. M. be ad
Tens OF Sate. —All sums under $1,000, one qui
and balance in tires equal annual Instalments with (ote:
i suns over 41,000, one quarter down, and oe
e-equal annual instalments, with, interes Good
BH c0Lsteow ALT AWETHETAWAX, | Executor,
PATENT TURN-TABLE APPLE PARER,
order; 1s so
that children
and shape, orkink partoctly over
uneven surfaces ani
with great rapidity.
past two years bas established the
fact that ft is the best Parer in the
world. Every Machine is warranted
to give satisfaction, and will be sold at reasonable prices,
A supply of these Muchines can be obtained of the Axricul-
tural and Hardware Dealers In most of the principal cities,
orof | LOOKEY & HOWLAND, Leominster, Miss,
503-46 Proprietors and Manufacturers.
OHNSTON’'S BEAN HARVESTER.—A man with
4 horse can harvest from 6 to 8 acres of Beans, with
this Harvester, io a day. The roots are generally cut off
about one inch below the surface, and are let in the
ground. The boshes are usually left standing, In the moat
erfect condition for curing and for gatherive and pitching
into the wagon. Itis tis Bean Harvester against the world,
and what farmers have long wanted.
Only a limited number wil be made for this year. For-
ward your orders Immediately,
Every Harvester warranted.” Price, $15,08.
L, HOWARD, Only Manufacturer,
BOA Borfalo, N.Y.
HIPPS UNION FEMALE SEMINAR
WE RES roa YX.
The next School Year of this Institution, commences on
the first Thursday of September next. Por Terms, seo
Catalogue at this Office, or ey to
AOCHILLES, Proprietor,
Albion, N, ¥., Aug. 8 1859. manure
GAME Fowns:
GAME FOWLS!!
OF THB BEST AND PUREST STRAINS, SUCH AS
Clippers, Baltimore Top Knots, Tartars,
Derbys, Pringe Charles, Raters,
Semtons, Mextcan or Stryebnine, Sergeants,
Stanleys, Counterfelts,
rishi,
And anumber of excellent Crosses. All fowls warranted
puregame. Also Cooper's Work on Game Fowls sent te
any address for #1. For narticulars, address
501-138 J. WILKINS COOPER, Media, Delaware Co,, Pa,
RUIT AND ORNAMENTAL
TRESS, PLANTS, &c.
A. FROST & 00., Proprietors of the Genesee Valley Nur-
series, Rochester, N, Y., publish the following Catalogues
to represent thelr stock, which occuples Three Hun
Acres.
Ail parties who may desire to purchase Fralt, Ornamental
‘Trees, or Plants, will consult their Interest by examining
owl Hes, Which are furnished on application,
Prowot attention is elven all communications,
10, 1, Descriptive Catalogue of Fruits,
0. 2 Deseriptive Catwogue of Ornamental Trees, Shrubs,
Rages, hs
0.
No. 4. Whol ¢ Catalogue or Trade List.
No. 5, Descriptive Catalogue of Flowering Bulbs, 601-Tt
0 HOUSEKEEPERS. SOMETHING NEW.
B. T. BABBITT’S
} BEST MEDICINAL SALERATUS,
GBT manutactured from common salt, and Is pro-
pared entirely different from other Saleratus.
All the deleterious matter extracted in such &
manner as to produce Bread. Biscult, and all) 4ND
kinds of Cake, without containing a particle of
70 Saleratus when the Bread or Cake is baked;
thereby producing wholesome results, Every
‘particle of Salcratus ls turned to gas, and passes
GAjttirough the Bread or Discult while Baking; con- 68
sequently nothing remains but common. Salt,
Water and Klour, You will readily perceive by
the taste of this Saleratus that it isentlrely differ-
ent from other Saleratus.
70), tis oxeked tn one pound papers, each wrapper
branded, "B, 7, Babbitt’s Best Medicinal Salera.
'tus;” also, picture, twisted loaf of bread, with
GQelass of elfervescing water on the top.’ When 68
you purchase one paper you should preserve the
‘wrapper, and be particular to get the next exact-
lly like the first—brand as above,
Full directions for making Bread with thls Sal-
"7O eratus and Sour Milk or Cream Tartar, will ac-
company each package; also, directions for mak
ling all kinds of Pastry; also, for making Soda
G8) Water and Seidhte Powders. ‘68
IMAKE YOUR OWN SOAP,
wintt
lB. T. Bappitt’s Pure Concen-
H trated Potash.
Warranted double the strength of ordinary Pot,
ish, Put up In cans—I ®, 30s. 8 hs, 6 mS. and 68
68 19 te.—with full directions for making Hard and
Soft Soap. Consumers w: d this the cheapest}
Potash in market. sale by
: nd for
ce Wasiington ae, New York
70 Washington st., New York,
Nos. 68 and 70 iia No a3 Tndila st, Boston:
I ICKOK’S PATENT PORTABLE
CIDER AND WINE MILL AND PRESS.
is sterling Machine, which from the test of several
yea has proved itself superior in polnt of simplicity and
efficiency to a Greys io market, ls now ready for the
harvest of 1559.
aniliemade if posible better than ever, and where there
are no Agents, farmers will do well to send to the manufac-
tory early for a circular, We also make large Iron pres
screws from inches diameter and 4 feet long, to Inches
diameter and 8 feet long, at reasonable prices.
Earle Works,
500-9 Wed. HidioK. Eaarrisburghs Pa.
WY YOUR OWN SOAP.
SAPONITFIEH
On,
PURE CONCENTRATED POTASH,
Warranted double the strensth of ordinary Potash. One
Soap, without
ound will make twelve gallons good stron) 1
ime oy wich little trouble, ne Roractored and putup in
with directions, atthe Oxar-
1,2 4.and 6 i, cans, in lumps,
LENGE CHEMICAL WoRKS, New yer ORKEE o
& ©0,
18] Pearl street, N. ¥., Proprietors.
Bold everywhere. 600-356
aired pressure and be nearly or
= |. 8. HOBBIE & CO.
Arcade, Rochester, N.
eM Aron. Racheater ae:
fO™M=S FOR ALL
FOR SALH,
At e125 ner Acre, desirable FARMING LANDS in
Virginia, Eastern Kentucky, and Middle Tennessee,
Weito, Valuable Lands in Bullivan and Elk Qounos,
Pennsylvania,
to the Awmarcam Europa Arp OMESTRAD
Caer Noss BromdwaenNew acer oe cat
PATBEORT CHEMICAL WORKS.
D. . DeLAND.
Acknowledging the favor and patronage which have bea
bestowed upon him by the Trade and others, elace the com-
Bene and te vate ne at increued
ns eke mt
faolities he continues to mauufacture's superior article of
The above articles will be sold In all varieties of packages,
ataslow Brices as they are alferded by any oot ee
turer and in every case ‘a pure and of superior
qualily, Orders respectfully solicited and promptly
Const Saleratus, Cream Tartar,
ponate of Soda should be careful to purchase tbat
1. DeLand they
THE HEROES OF INDUSTRY.
Ler others write of those who fought,
Op many a bloody feld—
whose daring deeds were wrought
With sword, and spear, and shield;
Bat I will writs of heroes bold,
‘The bravest of the brave,
Who fonght for neither famo nor gold—
‘Who fi an unmarked grave!
Tleroes who conquered many a field
‘Of bard and sterile eol!—
Who made the sturdy forest yield
To unremitting wil;
Heroes who did not idly stand,
Bat dealt such fearful blows
‘That acres, broad, of worthless land
ow blossom like the rose.
‘The heroes of the plow and loom,
‘The anvil and the forge;
Tho delvers down amid the gloom
Of yonder rocky gorge.
Heroes who built yon lofty tower,
And forged its heavy bell,
Which faithfally proclaims the hour,
And marks its fight so well.
Heroes who brought from every elime
Bieh argosies of wealth ;
Herovs of thoughts and deeds sublime,
Who spurned what came by etealth;
Who won a guerdon fair and bright,
And left no bloody etain—
No bearth profaned—no deadly blight—
Upon God's wide domain,
‘These world-wide common workers crave
No laurel wreath of fame—
No monument above their grave,
‘They tolled but for 4 same,
Among the lowly ones who plod
Their weary way slong,
‘With faith and confidence that God
Correcteth every wrong.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
THE INSPIRATION OF NECESSITY.
BY LYDIA A. TOMPKINS,
Chapter ILI.
[Concluded from page 200, last No.)
I nap unreservedly told this friend my condition,
and besought her guidance and advice, which she
as unreservedly granted, and gave something of
the history of her struggles before I had ever seen
her. I knew her to be an occasional contributor
to some of the popular journals, but was not
Aware that she received anything therefor. I tind
known of her correcting proof, and she now pro-
posed to introduce me to her old employer, and
secure me constant business, I acceded, and had
the happiness of returning bome with the proof-
sheets of a little book designed for children.
Under her guidance I soon understood the pro-
cess of correction, and was positively delighted
when I received the pittance which I had earned,
and another meagre, little book for further labor.
Patiently I delved in my new occupation, and
was startled one day by my husband's deliberate
remark,
“Jane, why not write a book of your own to
correct? I remember some sweet bits of poetry
which Ichanced to see upon sundry fiy-leaves
and odd bits of paper, in our palmier days, and
those gems in the shape of letters which you
sent me before marriage, unmistakably attest
genius.”?
“Do you really think that I could write a book,
my dear?” said J, ia utter astonishment, and with
a sudden sense of dawning power, of which I had
scarcely a conception.
“Certainly; there is a fountain of beautiful
imaginings and a fund of strong thoughts and
elevated purposes that our adversity has developed
in you, which none of your friends could have even
Suspected. I always thought that you were ex-
ceedingly brilliant, but I have found a new gem,
polished by stormy waves and purified by beating
tempests,””
“What o bewildering thought! I have never
written o word for the Press, although I had oare-
fal training in composition, and was said to excel.
It was always a delight to write, but only my
partial friends could haye perceived in me the
germs of genius. It is mere folly to dream of
such an impossibility. Your judgment is not
clear in reference to me.”
“Suppose you try your hand. If you must
work, I can only ask congenial occupation for
you. I can see now that labor has a dignity anda
use, and that you are happier to be employed. It
is only Gon's benignant power that keeps me from
raving madness here in my helpless inaction, yet
T could not wish again for the enervating life,
recklessly indulged for so long a time.”
I grow absont and careless over my proof-read-
ing that day, and with as little success, tried
embroidery, The new possible life rose before
Me, clad in the vesture of dreams and dim with
the halo of luminous and ever-varying clouds,
My thoughts inadvertently turned upon my street
xperiences,
vivid memori
under that
endured
found among bard-faced landlords and insolent
ee oe days of fashion and
‘ ety of changes which I
had seen was enabled to complete malian series for
adaily paper, their local value
transcripts of different
and Thad ceased
print, when by the
referred to in one of the Bowery shops, thus,
“These ‘Street Experiences” must be written
by s woman, I guess,” said one lounger to another.
“Doubtless,” was the reply; “wonder who
could'nt write such staff. I bave seen as mucha
thousand times.” ‘
“0, these editors fill up with anything. Just
as if any of us cared to read what we have all seen
so many times. I never read anything but the
murders, riota, and such disturbances as happen
down there by the Mission House. Ha! hal”
I colored and trembled so visibly to bear myself
thus indirectly discussed, and the shop-keeper
looked so suspiciously at me when he handed the
change thatI feared he would call me back and
reject the garment which I had just pawned for o
pittance to procure some little luxuries to which
the dear invalid had always been accustomed. I
went home chagrined, yet encouraged, and dili-
gently strove to frame a few more paragraphs.
The moments sped rapidly in my labor, which
elated rather than wearied. I was astonished that
I could write at all when so oppressed by care and
worn by fatigue, but utter failure in one direction,
and pressing want in snotber, stimulated me to the
most unnatural effort. Snatching every possible
moment for the burning thoughts which came
apace, now that they had found a vent, I still devot-
ed the greater portion of my time to other em-
ployments, living the while in that beautiful
creation of visions, thus suddenly enveloping me
and seeming to be the great desideratum for which
Thad always longed. I could look back through
all my life to days of restlessness and indefinite
grasping for something yet unattained, marveling
that the breatb, the touch, which now roused me
had not then openeda new life. What an untold
delight to retire within the sacred temple of the
heart, and holding silent communion with the
invisible fountains of thought and hope, revel in
novel combinations, grotesque fancies, and new
developments, How strong the heart may grow
in silent thought, lately so frail in execution, and
feeble in purpose! How the spirit-harps quiver
and tremble at the lightest random touch, and,
perchance, yield to the mute inner ear soothing
harmonies and thrilling melodies, How I glowed
and reveled in the seraphic fire which consumed
me no words could paint, and the faint glimmer-
ings of the light within, which I strove to render
to the world, gave but partial glimpses of the
ideal gossamer forms of the possible and fabulous
beauty with which imagination streamed. I knew
that I was not writing practically or forcibly,
perhaps, but with the flush of faith and hope, I
heeded nothing until my visions were rudely dis-
turbed one evening, as I returned my last proof,
by the information that there would be nothing
more for me in several weeks, My blank look of
pain and disappointment séemed to strike the
worthy clerk, who said that “he thought sucha
story as I might write would sell well.” I only
shook my head deprecatingly, and turned from the
office to meet the manic spectre, who hissed into
my ear,
“So you're starving are you?
starve—who cares.”
He did not yenture to follow—but no words can
portray the terror which ever brooded over me as
T cautiously found my way about the city, where
necessity compelled me to go. This maniac was
thought to be a stranger, and if insane, perfectly
harmless and docile toward every one except
myself. ‘Ha! ha! starving are you?” How
wildly rung the words, and how chillingly true I
felt them! “Starving!” Who knows to what
unfathomed depths of misery they may sometime
fall, or how much of danger and contumely they
will braye for mere bread—gross, bodily suste-
nance? O, fora crumb, ora crust to relieve this
fearful gnawing! Give it or I die,—who will not
cling to life, even he, who, but a day since, would
have been willing to fling it awoy in shuddering
disgust,
A week of many misgivings passed, and I made
slow progress with myembroidery. I tried to cul-
tivate expedition, but that which has been learned
4s recreation, or as mere accomplishment, will
not soon be brought under the unceasing tramp of
stolid-fuced utility. I wearied myself unspeakably,
and injured my eyes by long sitting at the close
work, which had now become unmitigated torture,
Impervious though the future, heaven lies beyond
the cloud. I did not realize this when my money
was gone, the last hoarded bit laid before my fail-
ing husband and myself ready to faint with the
utter exhaustion of fatigue and hunger, Yes,
reader, absolute, pinching hunger. A strange
apathy was stealing upon me as I mechanically
completed the arrangements for the night and re-
tired to my pallet, feeling the same stupor which
had, of late, been creeping over the dear invalid,
bound to me by so many ties of joy and pain. He
seemed uncomfortable when roused, yet fully retain-
ed his faculties, and I had allowed myself to hope
that he was recuperating by so much seeming reat
and would finally arouse and go forth into the
world again, But this had lasted too long and I
had new cause of alarm. How could I meet his
increasing wants or bear to gaze upon any added
suffering? What possible resource had I to meet
any new calamity? Bread and embroidery !—
Starvation and finery! Ab, if those who purchase
the frail material caught therewith but a tithe of
the suffering with which it is often wrought, how
madly would they fling itaway! How long had I
fisinted in the handiwork of human misery, in
days that were past! Gop forgive us for not
knowing whereby we live! I did not sleep that
night —a strange shuddering torpor held me mo-
tionless and silent, from which I was roused in the
morning by arap at the door, to which I tardily
replied, and was met by the cheery remark,
“ Well, now, I thought you would never come.
Mother sent me with a fish and a few little fixin’s
for Mr. Rantrox. She thought that they might be
new to him.”
I thanked her with a full heart and blessed Gop
for the kind neighbor who had so often shared my
vigils, and taken my place when I was necessarily
absent, and now had saved me from positive want.
New hope dawned and upon the inspiration of a
slight breakfast, 1 sat down to write a series of
Paragraphs. The afternoon found me again in the
city and walking with unwonted desperation into
&n editor’s sanctum, asking base coin for my baser
Productions, and, stranger still, the censor offered
Just right,—
meadollaran article. I returned homeladen with
the staff of life and weeping tearsof rapturous joy,
more than ever convinced that happiness is but by
contrast.
Chapter IV. .
“Well, Jaxe, you more than meet my hopes.
What strides we can take when impelled by the
driving tempest! Gop has brought about all this
to call you forth,” said my friend, Mrs. Laurens,
now returned from Washington, six months from
the time that I met her upon the sidewalk.
“Tt was you that suggested it and trained me
for it, when I was rioting in wealth, and, thereby, I
am now kept from beggary. How emphatically
true that no knowledge can come amiss! How
sure are we to find just the position for which we
have been educated, whether the school may have
been the drawing-room, the seminary, or the
kitchen! My probation hus been sore and weary,
but I am now above want.”
“What an independent and joyous existence
might be yours could Mr. Raniron continue to
share it.”
“T have no joy in any success except as it pro-
cures comforts forhim. He seems feebler to-day;
be has not spoken for more than a moment ata
time ina week. Heis speaking now,—
“My dear, will you raise the pillows,” said he,
taking my hand tenderly, and stroking my hair as
he continued,—" You are on the high road to fame
and fortune, Janz; and I am about, alone, to seek
the dark shadows of the valley of Death,—my only
grief being to leave you. Don’t weep, I have but
a few moments to speak, I have held high and holy
communion with saints above, while lying here,—
there is nothing earthly to keep me from the bliss
of abiding near a pardoning Savior. 0, the glory
of my inner sight, even now,”—and he sank,
overcome by the rapture of emotion. Toward
evening he roused again and in the same impres-
sive manner left messages for some of his former
friends, importing that “death bad lost its sting
and life its charms, now that Gop had saved him
though as by fire.”
The abrupt and noisy entrance of a frightened
and spectral-looking man, whom I immediately re-
cognized as my street persecutor, broke upon the
solemnity of the scene. A fierce execration burst
trom his lips, as he threw upon the floor a roll of
papers, shrieking—
“Take your gold, it burns in my hand,— to be
sure you don’t know me with my gray hair and
blood-shot eyes,—I give you curses with your
gold, such as it has heaped upon me. I could not
live in Paris for its never-ending gnawing intomy
very existence, and I left my family to make resti-
tution to you, and now arrest me if you dare. I
am Epwarp Guippoy, mad, crazy and demon-
like,”— and with these words he seemed for the
first time to catch a glimpse of the pallid, ghost-
like form outstretched upon the bed. He trembled,
faltered, and then frantically wept, while Iassured
him that no arrest should be made, and begged
him to be quiet and consider that he was periling
a life that hung by a thread.
Bnt ob, it was too late,—a peaceful calm had
settled upon those noble features and Gop had
taken the long-tried sufferer to the mansion of rest.
O, the mystery, darkness and sublimity of death!
Tow appalled we stand in its ghastly presence, and
when the cold finger touches us by grasping our
dearest friends, how utterly torn and lacerated is
the panting heart within! I had known grief,
trouble and disappointment, but never such deso-
lateness as then. Ibaye but vague memories even
now, of the dread reality of shroud, coflin and
tomb, as for days thereafter I raved in the delirium
of fever, recovering to fiad myself tenderly cared
for by the one true friend Gop had given me—Mrs.
Laurens. My life looked very dark and I had no
further panting necessity for labor, and although
I made some little attempts at writing, they
proved exceedingly indifferent. My inspiration
was necessity, dire and ominous; as it may, per-
chance, be again when the over-wrought system
sball recuperate and the calmness of pleasant sur-
roundings and happy prospects shall resume its
gentle sway. My old habits of ease and luxury
came again unawares, ond I can now almost look
upon my toilsome days of labor as a vigorous
dream or an incomplete fable, It was an episode
that I would gladly have made enduring, and of
whose reality I have yet some glowing dreams.
——_—__+e-+ —___
ANAGRAMS,
Tue Montreal Transcript publishes a collection
of these literary curiosities, gathered by Mr. J.
Douglas Borthwick, which is very curious. We
borrow some portions of it, omitting those that
have long been familiar. Our youthful readers
will find amusement in writing out these anagrams
and cutting the letters apart. Then by transpos-
ing them the sentence with each will be formed,
Able was I ere I saw Elba— (same backwards.)
Arthur Wellesly—Truly he'll see war. Breuk-
fast—Fat Bakers. Catalogues—Got as a clue.—
Charades—Hard case. Charles James Stewart—
Claims Arthur’s seat, Christianity—In its chari-
ty. Dissemination—I send into Siam. Demo-
cratical— Comical trade. Embargo—O grab me!
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA.
EESPEOTPULLY DEDIOATRD TO “POELOEN UOrR”
T Ax composed of 50 letters,
My 1, 17, 10, 8, 14 was an ancient high priest
My 2, 27, 6, 26, 7,18 was a poot
My §, 13, 29, 15, 16 {s necessary to a profitable enltiva-
tion of the soik
My 11, 2, 20, 27, 29, 21 isa porson who deeldes all dis-
putes.
My 12, 17, 2, 28, 18 was a firm friend of Pythias,
‘My 23, 27, 10, 24 was considered by the ancients as owe
of the four elements.
My 25, 1, 4, 2, 11, 80 carriod sixteen letters into Greece.
My 80, 5, 29, 8, 29, 17 Is the Spanish for Madam
My 9, 27, 14 is a most nsefal article,
My 19, 7, 29 is a Spanish title of nobility.
Now Mr. Hore, though well advised
‘That counsel freo Is oft despised,
We Just suggest, you'll not do better
Than to address Miss F. a letter.
For by my whole you plainly see
She’s what you wish a wife to be.
Fairfax ©, H., Va., 1859.
@™ Answer In two wooks,
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
GEOGRAPHICAL ENIGMA,
T Ax composed of 22 letters,
My 19, 22, 13, 15, 8 1s a river In Minnesota.
My 12, 17, 8, 5, 18 is a county Georgia.
My 12, 8, 12, 8, 20 Is a town in Prussia.
My 6, 2, 3, 19, 20, 11, 14, 1 is a town in New York.
My 3, 5, 1 is a cape on the coast of Massachusetts.
My 8, 16, 5, 4, 2, 14 1s a river in New York.
My 1, 21, 10, 2, 14 is a town in France,
My 7,5, 2,9, 81s a county in Towa.
My 16, 21, 7, 7, 20, 8 is a river in England,
My 3, 5, 2, 19 is a county in Illinois,
My 6, 11, 8, 8 is o cape on the coast of New Foundland,
My whole Is the name of a man who was known to
be a great philosopher and statesman,
Near Hecktown, Pa,, 1859,
0 Answer in two weeks,
Gxo, A. Romy.
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
POETICAL PROBLEM.
Boys and girls, how is this?
‘Two neighbors meeting on the strand,
Ench took the other by the hand,
And after telling all that could be told,
One to the other sald, “ Your age? if not too bold.”
‘0, yes,” the man replied, * that you shall know,
But you must find it out, for I must go.
If to my age you add eleven, ,
One-half, one-third, and three times seven,
Five score, less two, the sum will be.
What is my age? Pray tell to me.
Good-bye, my friend, when next we meet
My age to me you will repeat,”
Columbus, Wis., 1859. Deawopz.
(7 Answer in two weeks.
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
ALGEBRAICAL PROBLEM.
AMAnN purchased a tract of land, in the form of an
equilateral triangle, which contained as many acres as
there were rails in the fence by which it was enclosed,
The rails were 10 feet long, Jald on a slantof 6 fect,
and there was a waste of one foot on each rail by lap-
ping—the fence was 7 rails high. Me paid os many
cents, plus one, as there were miles from one angle to
the opposite side, How many acres did the tract con-
tain, and what did it cost per acre ?
Knowlesville, N. Y., 1859.
27" Answer in two weeks,
ANSWEBRS TO ENIGMAS, &c., IN No. 504,
M. W. Jonzs,
Answer to Mythological Enigma:—Johann Ohrysos-
tomus Wolfgang Gottleib Mozart.
Answer to Enigma:—Zaphnathpaaneah,
Answer to Arithmetical Problem :—Five sheep, one
pig and ninety-four ducks,
Advertisements.
The whole Art of Conjuring made easy,
fons for performing 150 Wonderful Feats
jelghtof-Hand, Ventriloquism and Leger-
Price 15 cents. Sent post-
M. M, SANB
Brasher Falls, N, Y.
of Hocus-Pocus, &
demain, Profusely Lilustrated,
paid bya) Address
Q YRACUSBE
Seaeanedle
BASSETT BROTHERS, PROPRIETORS.
‘The Oldest, most Thorough and Extenslye Commercial
College in the Empire State.
Please send for a Catalogue,
Syracuse, N. Y, 505-2
Encyclopedia—A nice cold pie. Festival — Evil
feast. Gallantries— All great sins. Lawyers —
Sly ware, Miniature—Troe I am in, isan-
thrope—Spare him not. Monarch — Mi on.—
Old England—Golden Land. Parishioners—I hire
parsons, Patience—A nice pet. Pedagogues—
See pugdog. Penitentiary—Nay I repentit. Pres-
byterian — Best in prayer. Revolution —To love
ruin. Sub-treasurer—A sure burster. Solemnity
—Yes Milton. Wealth—The law, Victoria Re-
gina in Old Englund —I reign a victor in a golden
land.
Envy, like acold poison, benumbs and stupefies;
and thus, as if conscious of its own impotence, it
folds its arms in despair, and sits cursing in a
corner. When it conquers it is commonly in the
dark; by treachery and undermining, by calumny
and detraction, Envy is 00 less foolish than
detestable; it is a yice which they say keeps no
holiday, but is always in the wheel, and working
upon its own disquiet.—Jeremy Collier.
Few men are driven to desperation without hay-
ing had themselves a hand in the driving.
2 ACRES OF HANNIBAL AND ST.
600.000 OSE mine ad LANDS, For Sale on
Long Credit and at Low Rates of Interest,
Tuese Lands, granted by Congress to ald in constracting
the Road, lie, to a great extent, within Six Miles and al
within Fifteen Miles of the Road, which is now completed
through @ country unsurpassed In the salubrity of its Cli-
mate and fertility of {ls Soil, Its latitude adapts it to a
greater variety of products thin land elther north or soutl
oe Teese the a sare. certain and
an in any other rict of our country.
Its position Is gush ns to command at Low Tales of Freight
both Northern and Southern Markets. {
‘To the Farmer desiring to better his condition. to parties
wishing to invest money in the West, or any in search of &
prosperons Home, these Lands are commended.
For full garticulare OO SON allroad,
cone jomunissioner Hans! i al, Mo.
3. Wantedl, one or more Young Men
Or A HOBO GT to whom will be paid €90 to #76
per month, and expenses. For particulars, address with
Hamp, 31.6. ALLEN & CO., Plaistow, N.H. 604 Jst
he public.
Fecommend It to tr hour, and many other
any improvements have been m:
fill orders for the largest size, tits
‘about two b om
wo horse-power,
aired +34
fe of largest size, now ready, with cast-iron frame, 810.
sizes Se and prices will vary,
HOWARD, fact
wie 2 muna, NY,
THROUGHOUT THE UNITED STATES.
GEORGE G@. EVANS,
No. 439 Chestnut Street,
PHILADELPHIa,
ORIGINATOR
OF THE
GIFT BOOK BUSINESs,
AND PROPRIETOR OP THE
OLDEST AND LARGEST
GIFT BOOK ESTABLISHMEN?D
IN THE WORLD,
Calls attention to the fuct that be has made such arrange.
ments with other publishers and manufacturers tbat It
gives him pleasure to offer
GREATER INDUCEMENTS
than ever, and such thas
CANNOT BE EQUALLED
by any other Gif Book House in the world,
ALL BOoHES
are sold at the
PUBLISHERS’
asp’ A
SPLENDID GIFT,
WORTH FROM
50 CENTS TO S100,
IS GIVEN WITH BACH BOOK.
You ean select from the
LARGEST STOCK OF BOOKS
IN THE COUNTRY,
And by eomplying with the directions oa glyen In the
Catalogue, you will recelve your Book
FREDB OF BXPENSE
for carriage or mailing, and a guarantee of
NO RISK OF LOSS BY MAIL.
To give an Idea of the extent and the honorable method
of transacting business, we would state that
23) GOLD AND SILVER WATODES,
AND OVER
250,000 DOLLARS WORTH OF JEWELRY,
have been
PRICES,
GIVEN AWAY
during the past six months, each artlcle of which has
been of the finést quality, and has given satisfaction ta
every instance,
SEND FOR A CATALOGT
which will be sent gratls, and which contains a Ist of
Books ia every department of Uterature,
ONE TRIAL WILL ASSURE YOU
ef the honorable bualneas transactions of
GEORGH G. BVYANS,
NO, 489 OHESTNUT STREET,
PHILADELPHIA,
AGENTS WANTED,
Who can, with Guonor G, Evaxs’ Catalogue, obtaln more
subscribers than by any other, as the Books and Gifts
enumerated are superior to thoso of any other House,
| Any one, either male or female, who desires to engage
IN AN HONORABLE
AND PROFITABLE EMPLOYMENT,
‘and one that requires but little time, Is requested to address
G. G. EVANS, and they will recelve every information
relative to the businesa,
DO NOT FAIL TO ADDRESS
GEORGE G. EVANS,
ORIGINATOR OF THE
GIFT BOOK BUSINESS,
NO, 459 CHESTNUT ST,
PHILADE!
SAE PHA.
ANNY’S COMBINED
REAPER AND MOWER,
WITH WOOD'S IMPROVEMENT,
For the Harvest of 18659.
The iber begs to Inform the public that he continues
to manufacture this popular machine, and plediges himself 10
produce an lmpleinent that will fully stato Ite former reper
tion, as the best combined machine yet introduced, and
inferior to none, elther as a Reaper or Mower,
Teas had asteady and increasing popularity from the fret
achleving & complete success In the first Important trial a
Geneva {n 1453, Tt carrled off the highest honors atthe ereat
Natlonal Field Trial at Syracuse in 1857; and amidat all the
competition and trials of 1854, came out with more and better
Sstablished points of excellence than ever before.
The general principles peculiar to this machine, and apoa
which It ls constructed, have proved so succesful that there
has been no attempt to change them,
‘The main effort during the last year haa been to Improve
{ts mechanlcal construction, to make {t stronger and more
durable, aod sustain ita reputation as the leading and most
acceptable machine to the largest class of farmers tn th
jantry.
“Warranted capable of cu! from 10 to 15 acres of grass
or grain per day, in a workmanlike manner,
Price of Machine as heretofore, varies according to width
ofcut, and its adaptation in slzé and strength to diferent
sections of the country, from $125 to #150, delivered here oa
© <2" sanufacturer and Proprietor, Hooslak Falls, N. ¥.
BENNETT. GRAY, Brockport
NRY HARMON, Seottevill
gee Axenta for Monroe’ County. N. ¥.
ocop’s MOWBR-.—
Patented February 22d, 1859.
the six years I have been engaged In the manufac
faettine Maany Combined Reaper and Mower, 1 have
ven much thoughtand attention to the construcuon of what
foresaw would be agreat want of the Farmers—a lighter
and cheaper mackine expressly for mowing, than yet
ty,
wit ‘Mower welghs 425 Ms., and cuts a swath sour Jeet wide
ec! dered.) The One-Horse Mower welghs
ornare! Wp) aud cule a swath area and w balf fect
wide.
r re fall description of the Mo ver, re erence ls made
rer mere Mo which will be furnished on applieation.—
With each machine will be furnished two extra guards to
extra sections, one wrench and o}
‘Warranted capable of cutting ten acres of grass per day in
a workmanlike manner,
Price of Two-Horse Mower.
#. One-Horse Mower.
Palen’ Comb!
Mannfactarer and Proprietor, Hoosick Palla N. 2,
PEASE EGGLESPON Bale Tit dibany. Axeaits for
Albany County and iby.
BENNETT GRAY, Brockport,
HENRY HAR’ Alle,
sagt BENEY BANrenis for Monroe County, N.Y.
TO)
= BUN & WHIT-
YARDS_FOR 1869 Ty of Lock:
generally, at home
Wane tears
‘Tuoqas Rirauow, BoTulo, WH, \¥ are A Dt
o the subscriber, yilabueh Bt Bridge, Rochealer
7 Kilo, & ted July, "67,
IME.—Paxe’s Perpetual il ef alent Bi cards of
L Io ase fOr Na coal nok soteed with
‘address PAGE. Rochester. N.Y.
isE, Broadway, New York.—All the
TOE Oem from Farm Carted on for He
5 cs 5
Exo a ee thle House, The Cows feed 12
Poultry, Bom Seat of Hay and Meal, and In Sommer on rich
Bier on et cal, (4). A. BIRTEON.
Yo “ae oF
TWO DOLLARS A YEAR]
“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.”
[SINGLE NO. FOUR CENTS,
VOL. X. NO. 39.5
ROCHESTER, N. Y..—FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 1859,
{WHOLE NO, 507,
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
AN ORIGINAL WEEELY
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER.
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE,
‘With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors,
TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
Pwo Dollars n Yeor—4) for six months. To Clubs
and Agents as follows :—Three Copies one year, for $5; Six,
and one free to club agent, for #10; Ten, and one free, for
915; Bixteen, and one free, for #22; Twenty, and one free,
for #26; Thirty-two, and two free, for #40, (or Thirty for
997,50,) and any greater number at same rate —only 81,25
per copy—with an extra copy for every Ten Subscribers
over Thirty. Club papers sent to different Post-offices, if de-
sired. As we pre-pay American postage on papers sent to
the British Provinces, our Canadian agents and friends must
add 12% cents per copy to the club rates of the RuraL,—
‘The lowest price of copies sent to Europe, &c,, is only #2-
60—I\ncluding postage.
$7~ All communications, and business letters, should be
addressed to D. D, T, MOORE, Rochester, N. Y.
INQUIRIES AND NOTES.
The Siphon.
Havino been a subscriber to your valuable paper,
and never asked any questions, I beg leave now to ask
& fow. Will a siphon work on the following condl-
Hons :—Supposo a cistern eight feet deep, with a pipe
from its bottom to within # foot of the surface, of suffl-
cient depth to be safe from frost, and carried a distance
of elghty feet, in a descent to an outlet six or eight
inches lower than the bottom of the cistern, will it work
well? Can it bo gauged at its outlet tornna large or
small stream, at pleasure? Will it be likely to freeze ?
What kind and size of pipe will be most snitable for
watering twelve or Afteen head of cattle !—J. P. Murs,
Grimsby, OC. W., 1859.
Tux Siphon would work under the circumstan-
ces described. Make the long arm as long as pos-
sible. The only difficulty with the siphon is that
water contains air, and where the pipe is small
nd long, and the current through it slow, air is
apt to collect at the highest part of the pipe and
stop the force of water. We would not use pipe
with less than one inch bore, and then reduce the
orifice at the end where it discharges, leaving it
only as large as required for the wants of the
cattle. Reducing the pipe at this point causes a
steady flow of water. Running water will resist
@ good degree of frost, but in extreme weather it
would freeze, no doubt, unless well protected.
Bones for Manure.
Cax you, or some of the Runax correspondents,
ings:—‘'I have used rye-straw and also what we
call bere ‘slough grass.’ This latter material is
very abundant in low prairie lands, and forms 4
cheap, substantial and durable roof for out-build-
ings, and as timber is scarce, is found to be quite
an ‘item’ in economy.
In thatching, I nail or spike slats or Jaths to the
‘Tafters abont one foot apart, allowing the thatch to
be about three feet long from the band, more or
less, according to the length of the straw. I then
prepare the thatch by binding the thatching mate-
rial (the band near the butt) rather loosely in
bundles about six inches in diameter, and then
dividing it in the middle with the hands, twisting
the band, bringing one half clear over, (see figs.
Fic. 1. Fig. 2. Fic, 3.
1, 2, 3,) so as to form two bundles bound together
with one band, This plan binds the thatch so
tightly, that there is no danger of its drawing out,
and also makes it of a flat shape, so as to Zay bet-
ter. In putting it on, Jay the thatch on the lath,
"butt end up, so that the band comes just above the
lath or slat, and taking enough straw on one side,
say the left, for a convenient band, twist it, bring
it down under and around the lath, and then over
the thatch, drawing it tight, and adding from the
right side another portion of straw, twisting as
before, to make a continuous band; bring it
under the lath and over the thatch, as before, and
still adding from each side a portion of the bundle,
(see fig. 4,) and thus continue until the course is
ended. There fasten the bandas in binding grain.
Fiaure 4.
The first course turn butt down wards, to make the
eave. For the ridge,—having a lath spiked on
top,—separate the thatch in the middle, and stride
it across, and with a continuous band bind it fast,
taking care to keep it compact as you proceed.
Finish by raking well and cutting off the ends at
the eave,”
inform farmers who have no convenience for grinding
old Bones, how thoy can render them an available ma-
nure by using sulphuric or some other acid ?—E. W. B.,
Borodino, N, ¥., 1859.
Tr is difficult to make bones available as manure
without being pulverized, for sulphuric acid will
not act effectually on the bones unless they are first
reduced to almost a powder. Bones can be easily
reduced to this state by burning, but by this pro-
cess their valwe is lessened, for nearly one-third of
the bone is composed of gelatine or glue, which
decays quickly in the soil, forming ammonia.—
Before many years we shall doubtless have ma-
chinery for grinding bones in most towns, and
then farmers will begin to learn the value of bones
asmanure. Perhaps the best way at present is to
burn the bones and conyert the ashes into super-
phosphate of lime, by placing 100 pounds in a
bogshead, then adding 534 gallons of water and
mixing well, and then 88 pounds of sul phuric acid.
Stir quickly with a stick, so as to thoroughly mix,
and it will froth and foam, and soon become too
thick too move. After a fow days it will become
dry enough to handle, Bones soften by being
boiled in lye, and boiling in water makes them soft
while hot, and brittle when cold, when they may
be broken up with a heavy sledge hammer, and
used in small pieces. It should be remembered
that the finer the bone is broken the more rapid
the decay, and the more immediate the effect,
Thatching.
‘Witt you, or some of your many correspondenta,
Pleate give through your columns a minute description
or directions of the mode of thatching stacks of hay
snd grain, out-bulldings, ée,, and oblige—A Ruan
; o., Pau, 1859,
Soun of our friends will please give us their
} experience in thatching, ‘The following is the
usthed recommended by a Western correspondent | re
* Monthy for thatching out-build-
Pr 91
+2
FORAGE AND FERTILIZING PLANTS.
Peruars we could not do our readers a better
service at this time than to call their attention to
8 few forage plants not generally cultivated in this
courtry, but which are found valuable in other
parts of the world, and are at least worthy of a
trial here. That the man is a great benefactor,
who can make two blades of grass grow where
before only one was produced, is become an axiom.
To accomplish the same result by the introduction
or dissemination of a new plant, is, of course,
equally beneficial.
Lucerxe—Medicago Sativa.
Lucerne has been grown to some extent in this
country, though not extensively, and cultivators
differ much in opinion in regard to its value, prob-
ably from difference of treatment, soil, &c. ALLEN
says “itis one of the most productive plants for
forage ever cultivated,” and we know some who
would fully endorse this opinion, but it requires a
rich soil, a dry subsoil, and careful cultivation.
It is a perennial plant, and may be cut several
times during the season, and is, therefore, very
valuable for green fodder, and cases are reported
in this country where it has produced over six
tuns of dry feed. Fuinr says there are fields near
Boston, in which it is now growing with great
luxuriance, and giving good crops, the seed of
which was sown in 1824, From the same author
We quote the following paragraphs :
It does not endure a climate as severe as red
clover, Tequiring greater heat and sunlight; but
in a latitude equally suited to both plants it would
be somewhat difficult to say which should have the
preference, In some respects it is decidedly supe-
20s, ( asin being Perennial, and consequently
maining long in the soil. Lucerne sends down
tap roots in mellow soils, to enormous depths,
| having been Mound in sandy soils thirteen feet in
length. The lenflets are in threes, obovate, ob-
long, toothed, the flowers pale blue, violet, or
purple, the fruit in downy pods, having two or
three twirls.
The cultivation of lucerne is somewhat more
difficult than that of clover for the first year, re-
quiring a soil thoroughly mellowed and prepared
by clean and careful tillage; and the want of
proper attention to this point has led to partial
failures in the attempts to raise it in this country.
It suffers and languishes in compact clay soils,
and does not flourish in light soils lying over an
impermeable subsoil, which prevents the water
from running off. It will neyer succeed well on
thin soils. But in a permeable subsoil, consisting
of loam, or sand or gravel, its roots can penetrate
to great depths, and being nearly destitute of
lateral shoots, provided with numerous fibrous
rootlets, or radical off-shoots, imbibe their moist-
ure and nutriment in layers of soil far below the
average of other plants. In this respect it differs
materially from clover. For lucerne, a suitable
subsoil is of the utmost consequence. For the
short lived red clover, a suitable surface soil is
more important; a want of care and deep tillage,
especially a neglect to break through and loosen
up the bard-pan wherever it exists, will inevitably
lead to failure with Iucerne. But when the soil is
suitable, it will produce good and very profitable
crops for from five to ten or twelve years, and, of
course, it does not belong in the system of short
rotations.
But notwithstanding the large quantity of suc-
culent forage it produces, its effect is to ameliorate
and improve the soil rather than to exhaust it.
This apparent anomaly is explained by the fact
that all leguminous, broad leaved plants derive a
large proportion of their nutritive materials from
the atmosphere, and that a vast quantity of roots
are left to decay in the soil when itis at last broken
up, varying, of course, with the length of time
the plant continues in the soil, while the luxuriant
foliage serves to shade the soil and thus to in-
crease its fertility. Much of this rich foliage is
scattered and left to decay, as is the case with all
similar plants at the time of harvesting, and the
growth of the aftermath is also usually very con-
siderable. The fact that it actually increases the
fertility of the soil for other plants, has often been
proved and may be regarded as fully established.
A soil which would bear only a medium crop of
wheat at first, produced a greatly increased quan-
tity after being laid down to lucerne a few years
till its roots had enriched the soil.
Lucerne is cultivated in Chili and grows wild in
the utmost luxuriance in the pampas of Buenos
Ayres, where it is called Alfulfa, which is simply
the common lucerne, slightly modified by climate,
and may be regarded as a variety,
The seed of lucerne, when fresh and good, is
yellow, glossy and heayy. If the seeds are white,
it is an indication that they are not ripe. If they
are brown, we may infer that they have been sub-
jected to too strong a heat to separate them from
their husks. In either of these cases, it is not safe
to purchase or to rely upon them. The same may
be said of clover, and it is desirable to try them by
a simple method which will be indicated hereafter
in speaking of the selection of seed. As the seeds
of lucerne are somewhat larger than clover seed
and the plant tillers less, it is necessary to sow a
larger quantity per acre. It may be sown in the
spring along with grain crops, as clover often is,
and nota very large crop should be expected the
first year.
When properly managed, the number of cattle
which can be kept in good condition on an acre of
lucerne, during the whole season, exceeds belief.
It is no sooner mown than it pushes out fresh
shoots; and wonderful as the growth of clover
sometimes is, in a field that has been lately mown,
that of lucerne is far more rapid. Lucerne will
last for many years, shootiog its roots—tough and
fibrous almost as those of liquorice — downwards
for nourishment, till they are altogether out of the
reach of drouth, In the dryest and most sultry
weather, when every blade of grass droops for
want of moisture, lucerne holds up its stem, fresh
and green, as in the genial spring.
Tam convinced, also, that the failures of attempts
to cultivate lucerne with us may be ascribed, in
nearly every instance, to an improper selection of
soils, and am inclined to think that a more accu-
rate knowledge of the plant and a more careful
observation of its habits of growth would lead to
its more general adoption #s an economical forage
plant.
I have procured fine specimens of lucerne in
various parts of this State, where it is very suc-
cessfully cultivated, but on too limited a scale to
determine its comparative value as a farm crop.
Sruray—Spergula Arvensis.
Spurry is an annual plant, and its character is
so well shown in the engraving that it will need no
description. This plant is somewhat grown in
France, but more so in Russia, where it is oxten-
Sively grown for green fodder and bay, Its prin-
cipal use in England is in enriching soils too poor
to produce clover. There are no soils so poor as
not to grow spurry well, and as it is ready to turn
under in eight weeks, or for pasture in six weeks,
the most barren soils can be very rapidly improved
seeds, soaked in water, form a good cattle food;
and the young plant is readily eaten by sheep,
One of the chief advantages of its cultivation con-
sists in its thriving upon very bad Iand, such as
sandy gravels, and thin clays, upon which it pro-
duces a very profitable effect.
tes -
Messas. Epitons.—This question is an important
one tofthe practical apiarian. During the winter
et STiable to heavy losses through the
Operation of several causes. Theanswer furnished
by J. J., in the Ronar of the 2d inst., is satisfac-
tory, so far as it goes, but as he has substituted an
effect for the cause, he leaves unexplained the re-
mote, or antecedent cause.
What insidiously reduces the numbers of a rich
and previously numerous célony of bees and
brings them, at the approach of winter, into a
condition in which they will perish from cold and
starvation, in the manner explained in the com-
munication of J. J.? In some instances'this may
be effected by the loss ofa queen, Late and small
swarms are liable to die of starvation, and the im-
pression of cold, but they are not surrounded with
SPURRY IN FLOWER,
by its use. Van Vogur says, “it is better than
red or white clover, the cows give more and better
milk when fed on it, and it improves the land in an
extraordinary degree. If the land is to lie several
years in pasture, white clover should be sown with
it. When sown in the middle of April it is ripe
for pasture by the end of May. If eaten off in
June the land is turned flat and another crop is
sown which affords fine pasture in August and
September, This operation is equivalent to a
dressing of ten loads of manure per acre. The
blessing of Spurry, the clover of sandy lands, is
incredible when rightly employed, By alternat-
ing these crops with rye, it will reclaim the worst
lands, and yield nearly the same benefits if pas-
tured off by cattle, while it adds materially to the
advantages of other manures applied at the same
time.” When we have seen cloyer fields, half
bare, particularly on the more sandy knolls, be-
cause the clover would not “ cafch” on account of
the poverty of the soil, we haye often wished that
Spurry might be tried as a fertilizer. For the
worn-out lands of the South, we think it would be
valuable.
Warts Lorine.
Tae Wurre Lurie is not grown in this country
as a field crop, that we are aware ef, but like the
Spurry, we think it might be introduced to adyan-
tage. Itis much grown in the South of Enrope,
on fallows, to be plowed in when in flower and
green, It derives its name from Zupus, a wolf, in
allusion to its voracious qualities; that is to say,
it exhausts land rapidly of its alkaline constitu-
ents, This very circumstance, however, renders
it peculiarly useful for the agricultural purpose to
which it is applied, Its long tap-roots strike deep
into the ground, take up whatever they find there,
and hence, when the plant is restored to the
ground, the alkaline matters absorbed are left near
the surface, instead of being buried where sballow
rooting crops cannot find them. It, moreover,
produces a yery considerable quantity of mere
vegetable matter, the decay of which adds to the
fertility of the soil. The bitter seeds are of little
value. Near Paris this crop is not sown carlier
than the middle of April; it is, in fact, incapable
of bearing frost; the periods of sowing must there-
fore be necessarily regulated by the climate of the
country. According to M. Virmonry, the green
manure yielded by the plant is excellent. The
an abundance of stores as was the case with the
stocks of R. S., of Wesleysyille.
During the early days of bee-culture in Ohio,
before the intrusion of the moth, a German re-
marked to me, that in autumn he killed, not only
his weak and superannuated colonies, but likewise
all those which abounded with an excess of honey,
Surprised at the latter clause of his assertion, I
inquired as to his motive for thus doing. He re-
plied that, ‘Fat sheep and fat bee colonies of
autumn are certain to die before spring.” Ex-
perience and observation haye convinced meof the
troth of his assertion, but the rationale of it, was,
fora long time, not as clear, till it was subse-
quently explained by Mr. R. C. Omsof Wisconsin,
To many it may still seem parados, after his'ex
planation is given, yet, there is no doubt of its
|) correctness.
Many a colony of bees perishes from an excess of
prosperity. This insect is one of the most ayari-
cious of animated beings, and never fails to im-
prove an occasion to collect the largest quantity of
honey possible. During seasons peculiarly fayor-
able, its avidity to accumulate prompts it to fill
every cell of the combs with honey and bee- bread,
and under such circumstances it frequently oceu-
pies all of the workers’ cells, and leaves none for
breeding purposes. Of course, few eggs are Jaid
by the queen, and the necessary recruits of young
brood are not produced to supply the rapid
diminution of that variety, which takes place at
the close of the season, The approach of winter
finds the colony reduced in numbers, exhausted in
strength, and in a condition to perish in the man-
ner explained by J. J.
Your readers will no doubt request the sugges-
tion of a remedy to counteract, in its approach,
such an unfavorable result. Permit me to antici-
pate their request, and point out the only available
method of saying such degenerating colonies,—
In the first place, to insure complete suecess in
managing bees, it becomes necessary to employ
some plan of a hive which will give entire com-
mand over its internal structure and its contents,
and bring them under the inspection of the eye,
and within reach of our fingers. Any hive which
affords these facilities is well advanced towards
perfection in its model, All others, which lack
in these particulars, should be rejected as incom~-
plete, however favorable they may appear, in
other points of view. Lanosrnorn’s I prefer to all
others. Having our bees thus arranged we are
able at any time to ascertain their exact condition.
The attentive apiarian will ever keep himself ap-
prized of it. If, during the period of honey
gathering, he finds the cells too much infringed
upon by deposition of honey, he should at once
transfer two or more of the cards of comb thus
filled, into the upper story of the hive—an act
which, of course, requires those cards to be moy-
able, and that he should haye perfect control oyer
the bee-bives and comb. The places thus yacated
must be supplied with empty frames, in which the
tenants of the hive will at once commence build-
ing new comb, some portions of which the queen
will occupy with her eggs, But so great will be
the avidity of the workers for accumulating stores,
that they will sometimes destroy those eggs and
persist in filling their places with honey, in the
newly formed combs,
This avaricious tendency may be entirely cor-
rected by commencing early in the spring and _
taking away all supplies of surplus honey, and
Supplying boxes or frames in the upper story for
receiving the surplus which shall be collected du-
Ting the progress of the season. This course will
leave the combs in the lower story vacant for the Hy B
a
MOORKE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.,
use of the queen, and the process of depositing
stores in the upper story will afford occupation to
the busy workers.
Early in October every card should be examined,
and if the bees bare not already constructed o
psssway through its center, for winter use, one
should be formed by the aid of a small but long-
bladed knife. Raat
Cleveland, Obio, 1859,
SUBSOIL AND DRAINING PLOW.—INQUIRY.
Mosr Excettext Ronan :—Some of your read-
ers wish still more information upon the above
instrument. The Plow advertised in Vol. X, No.
52, and noticed favorably in the same Runt, pro-
poses great advantage tothe buyer. Do youthink
it ¢he nest thing of the kind for » farmer to buy, as
it regards easiness of draft, strength of form, and
reasonableness of price?
Until we have got ahead somewhat in the uso,
and means of indispensable improvements, all com-
plicated and high cost machines must be left with
the makers, or remain beyond tho reasonable de-
mands of small farmers. I must so believe from
what observation I can make among such farmers,
and from my current experience in business, a9
well as from my experience in the practical wants
of farming and tho variety of ways outlays are
here needed. Our first improvements must be
done with respect to the greatest profit for the
least outlay.
And as to subsoiling, and draining, we know,
by the condition of our land, and the uncertain
growth of some crops, directly affected by surface
water and drouth, that this business must be done
orno profit be realized, Then, the profits must
be so slow with that work performed with the me-
chanical aids necessary, as to leave such venture-
some farmer burdened with privation and pecu-
niary harrassment, Will the makers of the labor-
saving tools and machines look to this a little
more ?—not strive to supply simply what we shall
like to try, and may be pleased to want, but what
will best perform profitable labor for a price that
can be spared for that particular branch of work?
But more directly of the Plow. Besides, giving
your opinion of the best, or tho certain practical
utility and economy of it, I dosire to know if such
plow may with any advantage have a hole drilled
in the rear and bottom part to receive a coupling
hook that shall attach a pear-shaped ball to draw
in the ground and leave a channel for little water-
courses? /Oan wo so subsoil and profitably drain
any of oar land, and for what uses would a plow
80 prepared be of value? And if of value, how
lerge a ball and to what extent would that probably
increase the draft? W. 3. B,
Oswego Oo., N. ¥., 1869.
Remanks.—Inatead of ausivering the above, we
should prefer to publish s reply from the pen of
Joun Jounstox, Esq., or some other person who is
practically familiar with every branch of the sub-
ject. The inquiries are important, and as correct
‘answers to them would benefit many readers, we
trust Mr. J., and ethers competent from experi-
exce, will respond.
a a eS
MOWING AND MOWING MACHINES.
Messrs. Eps.:—With your pormission I will give
Ronat readers a sketch of my experience in mow-
ing. Last year, not fecling able to buy a machine,
and my neighbor, who owns sa old fashioned
“Ketchum,” offering me tho use of his, on condi-
tion that I would mow his grass, I availed myself
of the opportunity, and mounted the machine as a
“raw hond.”’ The grass was heavy, the ‘‘dead
forrows” very deep, and the meadows had not
been properly prepared, by having all the small
stones removed and the large ones marked by
setting tall stake by them as signals, so B found
a great hindrance in consequence of the breaking
of “sections” and “guards.” And in crossing
the furrows, the finger-bar” would drop in sud-
denly, with a jar, and in rising out the knives or
“sections” would suffer from cutting the soil or
gravel. I procured three plates of an old buggy
Spring about 18 inches long, and laying them upon
each other in the usual way, had them bolted upon
the “finger-bar” near the other end, so as to have
them drag*behind, forming a kind of shoe for the
bartorunon. This was a decided improvement,
for better than a wheel or roller, as the trembling
motion caused by a roller is utterly avoided, and
the bar shoots across the furrow avoiding all in-
jury to the knives, by cutting the ground on the
opposite side, while the whole expense does not
exceed 75 cents, Nevertheless, the old machine
would sometimes clog, and I heard So much about
improvements, and better machines, &c., &c., that
I got rather “sick of the old thing,” and hoped I
could get a better one by another season, “Times,”
however, getting “no better pretty fast,” I had to
tuke the old machine again.
A few weeks since I spent several days in my
native town of Niagara, and there attended a kind
be removed, and had marked such a3 would be
hid in the grass, and could not be remembered;
and in mowing two or three days this year, I have
not broke a single section or guard, while last
year I broke several every day on the came fields,
For success, very much depends upon the preps-
ration of the ground, and very, very much depends
upon gelling used to the machine, and knowing
how too keep it in order. Many a first-rate ma-
chine is abandoned on account of a want of skill
in using it. T. Wrewer.
Williamsville, N. Y., 1859.
ABOUT WINTERING STOCK,
Ens. Runat New-Yorser:—As much is being
said about the scarcity of fodder, I wish to give
the public, through your paper, a sure way to
“help it bold out.” It has been my experience
that stock kept warm and dry, will thrive with
one-fourth less feed than when exposed to “tho
fury of a winter's storm.’’ Novy, brother farmers,
ifyou are short for fodder, instead of buying hay
at exorbitant prices, to be fed out of doors and
perhaps trampled in the mud, just expend a tri-
fling sum forlumber, and batten up all the crevices
about your stables, and make some good mangers,
and underpin your barn—making it, as the sailors
say, “all taut,”—then keep your cattle in there
most of the time while the snow is on the ground,
Haring done this, go and expend two, three, or
five dollars more for blankets for your horses, and
employ on idle hour in fastening on suitable
straps and buckles to keep them on, and you are
rigged to brave a hard winter with thirty tons of
hay, where before youneeded forty. But,to make
the thing sure, I will add that you'd better get you
a good feed cutter, (if you have none,) and use it
as much as you can. Don't say you can’t afford
it, or that it ‘won't pay.” Take my assertions,
and figure up and see if it won't pay. And I dare
say I can find thousands within the circulation of
the Runat, who will endorse my experience. But,
knowing that 1am not adydncing any new doctrine,
I will not occupy any more room in your valuable
paper. GN. Ly
Vernon, Oneida Co,, N. Y.
Remarxs.—The above advice is orthodox and
timely. We have rarely published more good
sensein so little compass, Those interested would
do well to heed the suggestions.
GRAIN GROWING IN MINNESOTA.
Eps. Runa New-Yorker:—Noticing in the
Ronan the remarks in regard to the grain growing
qualities of other States, I thought that it would
be no more than justice to our young State to
briefly notice her capacity in that respect.
The crops in Minnesota this season are the best
I ever saw. Wheat, rye and oats, were well
beaded and just as thick as they could stand —
Haye soen some pieces very badly lodged by their
own weight. Wheat rusted a very little in some
localities. Tho farmers are well satisfied with the
abundant harvest they have reaped this season.
They are busily engaged threshing now, and a
finer berry I never saw; it is plump and white;
and yields well.
Our corn was bitten by the frost last week, so
that corn on low, wet grounds, that were planted
late last spring, is very badly injured. I should
judge that there is twice the number of acres
under cultivation this year that there was last
year. And, having o better yield this year than
last, if grain should bring a fair price this fall, we
shall come out all right. We are rather poor,
financially, but taking into consideration our soil
and climute we are rich. Taking everything into
the account I think this State will rank with the
first class of grain growing States. L. M.
St, Anthony, Minn., Sept, 12, 1859,
——___ ++
Canpace wits Cony. —Mr. Brooks, of Prince-
ton, Mass. at one of the Legislative Agricultural
Meetings in Boston, alluded to the practice of
planting cabbage among Indian corn. He knew
Qn instance where cabbage was planted in alter-
nate rows with corn, and the cabbage sold for $150
per acre,
a
Mnguiries and Answers.
Geuent Waren Pirx.—Inguiry.—My neighbor, Mr,
Panxs, appreciating the value of a constant and con-
Yenient supply of water for farm purposes, has conveyed
& spring by means of wooden pipe, which answers bis
Purposo well, buthe is desirous of information concern-
ing cement pipe, Will some ono tell him how to make
it, and also adyice as to its comparative merits?
— Since writing the above I hayo talked with some
gentlemen in Cold Creek, Alleg. Co., (not in the stream,
exactly,) who have constructed some half a milo of
this pipe, They used one bushel water lime to three
of sand, put thelr mortar into a trough some four feet
long, threo inches deep, three inches wide at the top
and two at the bottom, made of half inch boards, This
of “social” mowing match. One of my old ac-
Quaintances had been trying to find out the best
Machine, in contemplation of buying one. The
“agents” finding out the state of his mind came
around “quite thick,” and arguments ran high,
the result of which was the said match. Three
different machines were on the ground, and party
r € wasup. Iwas much amused, and reminded
oe Bone by, (the time just before Major Jack
nace eee nd if the time has arrived
Swords are wrought into pruning hooks,
oe Aa bo Jackson” is altered into
or the etch ”
mio obfection to the a ee &c., &e., and I have
Tam satisfied that decided j
ided improvements haye
nD
been made on all the Machines within the last two
this simple little sliding shou,
is certain, that my old machi,
than I thought it was, for I
cut between four and five ucros =
field, and got through at 11 o'clock 4. M,, and that
pi ae I the knives during the opera-
tion, But the secret was, I had, early in the Spring,
Cleared the meadows of all obstructions that cou)
being filled with mortar was turned into a ditch some
two foet or more in depth; then a round rod was press-
ed into the mortar an inch or go in ize; with trowels
tho mortar was neatly closed over the rod; a little dirt
Was then put on to the mortar, and after wailing a fow
Moments the rod was drawn out, and the axmo thing
repeated till all the pipe was laid, They suspect some
defect in their method, for when they let on the water
two or three weeks after, the pipe gave way in several
Places, the cement not being sufficiently hard. Should
the dirt be put on to the mortar immediately, or should
itharden frst? Is thero danger of tho pipes cracking
from the unequal pressure of the dirt, especially in
passing from soft ground to hard? How deep should
cement anil other pipe be laid in the ground, &o,, &o,?
—H. T. B., Peart Oreek, Wyoming Co., N. ¥.
——_
To Maxe 4 Liwe-Kity.—Will some of the numerous
and intelligent readers of the Runar give us the best
plan for building lime-kiln for burning from three to
fiye hundred bushels of lime at a burning? We have
plenty of wood and the best of stone, but don’t know
how to put them together,—Ustan H. Anpexson, Wil-
Uiamson Co., Teas, 1859,
Lya—Jnguiry.—A friend of mine has heard that
You may sow ryo in fall, and may feed it during the
following summer, and the year after harvest a good
crop—if you cangetit, Can yougetlt, isthe question?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of sowing
rye for feed ?—H. T, B.
Rural Spirit of the Press.
Pigs more Profitable than Hogs.
A comresponpent of the Country Gentleman
makes the statement that it is more profitable to
fatten pigs than hogs, and presents the following
facts and figures to prove the verity of bis asser-
tions:
Having tried an experiment with both kinds the
past season, Iam disposed to give you the result,
hoping that others may try a like experiment—
Upon & more even scale as to the season of the
yeor—and report through your paper. In this
way farmers may, through the medium of an agri-
cultural paper, increase their annual income more
than ten times the cost of such a paper.
In September, 1867, I bought two pigs at $2
each, and kept them until December 14th, 1858,
which was the time they were butchered. They
had bees fed about 60 bushels of shelled corn—
about one-half of it ground and scalded, the other
half of it having previonsly been fed in the ear,
The feed, other than corn, is in both experiments
offset against the manure made by them, They
weighed respectively, when butchered, 932 and
844 pounds. On the 26th of August, 1858, I bought
two pigs, bred by the same sow, and at the same
price. They wore fed mostly upon sweet apples,
with a few raw potatoes and a few nubbina of
corn, until December 15th. I then commenced
feeding them upon corn boiled until soft, and fed
cold, This kind of feed was continued about two
weeks, when it was changed to scalded meal, which
feed was continued until February 8th, when they
were butchered. Their respective weights were
287 and 244 pounds, They had been fed about
25 bushels of shelled corn, in forms as above de-
scribed. The old hogs were about seventeen
months, and the pigs three days less than seven
months old when killed. Valuing the corn at
80 cents a bushel, and the pork at eight cents a
pound, the account stands as follows: — Old hogs,
Dr. $52, Cr. $54,03; pigs, Dr. $24, Cr. $38,64.—
Tt will be seen that the pigs yield a profit of $14,64,
while that of the old hogs is only $2,08, to say
nothing of the extra time and trouble in taking
care of the old ones,
Balky Horse—Balky Master.
Tue following exemplifcation of the effects of
good or ill-treatment on animals we extract from
the American Stock Journal ; a farmer of irascible
temper, &c.
A farmer ofirascible temper came into possession
of a very fine snimal, of most docile disposition.
When the farmer purchased him he was highly
pleased with his bargain. For some weeks the
animal worked admirably; but as the owner be-
came accustomed to the brute, his irritable temper
would display itself, and occasionally in his anger
he would punish him severely for the most trifling
fault. Ina few months the animal became irrita-
ble and balky, at times quite unruly. The farmer,
who could no} see how much injury he was doing
himself, continued his brutality. The result was
as might be expected—a really valuablo brute was
spoiled. Hebecame nervousand dangerous, The
farmer was in despair, and would have been glad
could he have found a purchaser for him at a third
or fourth of what he gave for him. A neighbor of
the farmer who saw how ho had maltreated the
beast, offered to accept him at the owner's terms,
which were not hard. Now, mark the end. The
new proprietor was a man of kind but firm dispo-
sition. He at once commenced treating the ani-
mal as if he could be reached by reason. The
horse, exporiencing a difference between his pros-
ent and former treament soon recovered his tem-
per. He ceased to fear and tremble at every one
who approached him, and in less time than it took
to spoil him, he was brought back to his original
docile disposition. His former owner learned for
the first time that more labor can be gotten out of
any animal by kindness than by brutality. But
whether it mended his irritable disposition or not,
we are unable to say.
Soiling Cattle,
Ar a recent meeting of the “Harvest Club,”
at Springfield, Mass,, this subject was, presented
for discussion. rom the report of the Springfield
Republican, we extract the following :—Soiling, or
the summer feeding of cattle, was discussed. It
was believed to be the most economical way, on
costly level lands, to feed cattle with green food
through the summer in stalls. In this way they
can be fed more regularly, the manure is collected
and saved, and they will give more milk, except
for about two weeks after the twentieth of May
when feed is freshest. A cow can be kept on an
acre of rich ground an entire year by this process,
If this practice were generally adopted, it would
save much division fencing. Corn, cloyer, barley,
millet and rye are the principal changes of food.
Fall rye is the earliest greens procurable for this
purpose. Barley stands frost better than some of
the others. Millet and corn are better if wilted
before feeding. Two cows have been kept well in
this way, on one and a half rods of clover a day.
Corn will not produce as much milk as clover, but
it will be richer. Pasturing is, of course, the most
natural way, and on this account soiling, except to
a limited extent, Is not recommended for young
stock. Lands worth only $10 per acre had better
be pastured,
Heatine New Mux.— The Dairyman’s Record
gives the opinion that the heating of new milk to
near the boiling point, just after it is drawn from
the cow, is preferable to allowing it to stand fora
time before heating, and thinks both butter and
cheese are improyed in flavor by so doing, “ because
the animal odors which are objectionable would be
expelled ;” and goes on to say that “tasteless and
leathery” cheese is caused by manufacturing under
too high a temperature rather than from high
heating before manufacturing.
Doos anp Bern Suzer.—An Indiana sheep
farmer says, that a number of sheep wearing bells
in any flock, will keep away dogs—he would allow
ten bell sheep to eyery hundred, or hundred and
fifty. When sheep are alarmed, they run together
in a compact body, in which act all the bells are
Tung at once, which frightens the dog, or makes
him think some one is on his track—so he leaves
without taking mutton.
Agriulinral Miscellany,
Wearnen, Crops, &o.—Tho weather of last Wook was
qnite unfavorable for corn and other CrOps—one or two
days boing decidedly Borean and Equinoctlatish, A
frost occurred on Wednesday night, though the clouds
and winds prevented serious results, Oorn, buckwheat,
&c., were somewhat affected, but wo hear of no mate
rialdamage, On Toesday and Wednesday the weathor
Was qnite unfavorable for Ag. Fairs, and diminished
the Interest and attendance in some localities, Tho
present week opens very fayorably—with a bright sun-
shing, and much warmer temperature. ‘This will help
corn, and, if it continues through the week, prove most
beneflctal to the many Societies which hold their An-
nual Exhibitions tho present week.
Farrs wext Weex,—State Fairs are to be hold the
ensuing week (Sept, 26—80,) as follows:—Indiana, at
New Albany; Pennsylvania, at Powolton; Wisconsin,
at Milwaukee; Georgia, at Atlanta; and Canada Weat,
at Kingston. N. Y, Gounty Fairs—Cattaraugus, Erie,
Greene, Madison, Monroe, Oneida, Ontario, Olsego, Put-
nam, Steuben, 8, Lawrence, and Wyoming. New
York Union and Town Fairs—Brookfleld, Canaseraga,
Coventry, Dryden, Fredonia, Oxford, and Trumane-
burg. For particulars as to daysand places, seo former
nambers of the Runan
Tus Brooxronr Union Fare ts to be held Oct, i,
12, and that of Homlock Lake, on tho 13th and 14th. —
Lenox, at Oneida, Sept 30, Oot, 1.
Tun Nationa Farm.—Tho exhibition of the U. 8,
Ag. Boolety, held at Chicago last week, is univoraally
Pronounced a great success in all departments, Hon,
Mansuatt P. Wipes, of Boston, for many years
Prosident of the organization, and who was Presont al
the show on the 16th, informed us on his return that
the exhibition was altogether tho best, a8 well as tho
most successful and profitable, ever held under tho
auspices of the Society, In the Stock Department,
Particularly, the display was largo and superior, Tho
Weather was fine on the opening days (Monday and
Tuéeday) and the entries numbered some 8,000, includ-
fog 1,500 Agricultural and Mechanical Implements,
President Tir¢maan formally opened the Fair on Tues-
day, in an appropriate address, and speeches were
mado by Senators Cuitrespen and Dovaras, The
number of visitors on the 15th was estimated at 60,000
—0n the 16th, 85,000, up to which timo tho receipts were
about $0,000. The entire receipts would probably
reach $49,000, The exhibition of the Steam Plows of
Fawxes, of Pa, and Waters, of Detroit, attracted
great attention—while o trot over the Garden ity
Course between Flora Temple and Princees was hardly
less popular. Judging from all accounts we conclude
the Fair bas proved all that could bo expocted by the
officers and friends of the U. 8. Society —tho show,
attendance and receipts being extraordinary,
— Tho Ohicago Journal, received since the above
was written, eays of the Fair:—* It is an entire success
in both quality and extent, 8s well as pecuniarily to the
Society. All the departments of the Fair aro full—
some of them overflowing. In the Live Btock depart-
ment, we find great variety, and some of the noblest
soimals we have ever laid eyes on. It has never been
equaled, In the departments of Mechanics, Agrioul-
‘ural Implements and Machinery, there is an ulmost
endless variety of wonders, master-picces and ingenious
contrivances for pect sexing and Jabor-facilitating.
In the Fine Arts Hall, there is much to admire; any
number of excellent photographs, and not a few other
specimens of artistic handiwork, skill and taste. And
the Floral Hall is like a grotto im the midst of Paradise
A brilliant gem, ect in all the colors of the rainbow,
Viewed from any stand-point, regarded in any light, thie
Seventh Fair of the National Agricultural Bocioty far
burpasecs any of ils former exhibitiens, and is ahead of
apy general Agricultural and Mechauical Show that
has ever been held in this country. It is a noblo tri-
umph—an honor (o the Society, a credit to the exhibl-
tors, and a glory to tho nation. We rejoice to ace a0
many people present from abroad to witness this grand
display. Almost every Btate in the Union is repreaent-
ed among the visitors, and the attendance from the
Woatern States especially is nomeroua.”
Tus Yursonr Stats Fare, at Burlington last week,
attracted a large gathering. A telegram dated tho
14th, says:—“ Tho show of horses, cattle and sheep is
good, Tho mechanical and floral display is not large.
A splendid exhibition of Howe's Scales attracts great
attention.” Goy, Banks, of Massachusetts, delivered
an address on Thursday, and tho Fair closed on Friday.
Tor Ivi1x01s Stare Fare was a success, as we stated
lost woek,—but so many matters are pressing upon our
pages that we must omit reports recelyed concerning
this and other exhibitions. It is auld tho $3,000 prize
for steam plowing was not awarded, on account of the
condition of the ground at the time Fawses made bis
trial beforo the Exeentive Committee. The trisl is
adjourned until Fawkes returns from tho American
Institute Fair, New York, where he exhibits this week.
Scnvyier County Fars.—A friend writes us that
the Fair of the Schuyler Co, Ag. Soclety—held at Wat-
kins, last week—was decidedly successful. Ho says,
substantially, that Schuyler Co, was formed in 1854,
and the Society organized the same year. Tho first
Fair was held in 1855, since which there has annually
been an increase in interest, attendance and receipts.
Being a small county, with no large villages or manu-
facturing establishments, of course its Fairs could not
be expected to compare with those of other counties, in
some respects, yet the show of implements and manu-
factures, grains, vegetablea, &c., would do credit to
any county, while the display In the Fruit and Floral
line was peculiarly attractive, In this department,
aside from a flne variety of other flowers and fruits,
Mr, Gro, Tue presented 45 varioties of dahlias and 23
of roses. The show of Stellions and flne wooled Sheep
was worthy of praiso, Of tho former there was a better
display than ever before in the county, and it 1s doubt-
ed whether a superior exhibition of Stallions will be
mado at any Co. Fair in the State. In fine wooled
sheep our shows have always been particularly attrac-
tive, and there was tho usual display of as good as the
State can produce, The specimens were from the
Docks of R. & G. Burritt, Noblo Cleveland, John Wood-
ward, J. H. German, Luther Cleveland, Wm, Ayers,
and Wm. Sprowls, Our county js behind neighboring
ones in the possession of good cattle, and the show of
Short-horns was not as good as last year, Of Oxen
there was a greater show, however, while Swine and
Poultry were repreacnted to a limited extent The
Address, by Rev. T. K. Berouse, of Elmira, was a
regular Beecher effort, and well received.
Tue CuavTasgue Country Fam, held at Jamestown
last week, {s reported to haye been fully equal, if not
superior, to either of its predecessors, A friend who
‘was present says the Falr was largely attended, sud
that the exhibition was most creditable in all depart-
ments—while the show of Stock was superb, A Union
Agricultural and Mechanical Fair is to be held at Fre-
donia next week, and a Town Fair at Clymer tho week
) following, (Oct. 5, 6.)
Tile “Union Farr,” held at Medina last week, was
a completo success, The Medina Tribune says:—
“Tho attendance was very large, and the display of
Stock, Agricultural Implements, useful inventions,
vegotables, specimens of art, &o., &e., exceeded any
other exhibition of the kind ever witnessed in this sec
tion of the State, The gathering of people was very
ied Cari far the largest over witnessed in the county
of Orleans.” The total receipts wore $1,300.
OSWEGO 0O.—ITS 4G!
L Ke
ast week we bad the pleasure
days in Oswego County, and of it eee corernt
its rival County Ag. Sncleties—ay Mexico and Fulton,
‘The excursion afforded us an op, of traversing
a considerable portion of the county, and of revisiting
ascotion with which wo were somewhat familiar thirty
years ago, Many of tho towns had Greatly improved,
agriculturally and otherwise, since our Tast Visit,—bet-
tor roads, fences, buildings, eto. appearing on. all sides,
while the farms indicatod marked Progress in culture
and husbandry. This remark is especially applicable
to most of the towns we wero onabled to obscryo par-
(cularly—viz., Granby, Hannibal, Mexico, New Haven
and Volney—and we woro glad to learn that other por
Mlons of the county wero in the track whereon glides
the car of Improvement,
Tur Farr at Mexioo—held Sept, 15-15—wns largely
attended considering the unfavorable weathcr, white
the exhibition was creditable. Wo wero present only
one day (the 14tb,) yet enw abundant evidenco of the
existence of o laudable spirit of enterprisc and im-
Provement among agricalinrists and community gen-
erally, The Soolety’s Pair Grounds are fnely located,
comprise fourteen acres, and embrace a good oxhibi-
ton building and business office. Tho land and
improvements cost some $5,600, The Fair was quite
successful Wo wore sssured that the attendance was
never larger, that the receipts exceeded thoso of lost
year, while the exhibition was better in eomo respoote,
The show of Stock was very good, and included a
dozen fae Short-horns, owned by Mr. Manxs, of Sandy
Creek. A string of 15 yoko of working oxen, from the
town of New Haven, deservedly attracted much atten-
tion, A. W. Sxvenanor, Esq. of the eamo town,
exhibited the best trained yoke of oxen we over saw—
their performances, unyoked, elloiting universal admi-
ration. The principal exhibition building—combining
Floral and Domestic Halls—was most boautifally
deoorated with evergreens, &c., tho fincat arrangement
We ever saw at a County Fair, Tho ladics of course
decorated the Hall, and also made an excellent display
of Domestic Manufacturers and fine handiwork, &o,
Tho display of Fruits, Floware, &c,, though not large,
was creditable, Among tho contributions, Mr, G. HL
Stow», of Scriba, exhibited 86 varieties of apples and
26 of pears—mostly fine, well grown specimens We
Wore unable to examine the various departments of the
exhibition particolarly, and of course can only speak
of itin general terms, But, creditable as was tho show,
We were more pleased with the People in attendanco—
and the simple fuct that thousands were present daring
such unfavorable woather (the high winds and ohill
atmosphere rendering the day the most unpropitious of
the season,) gave assurance that they were imbued with
the proper spirit to advance Rural Improvement, Wo
never 60 deeply regretted the lack of powerful volco
and lungs as on rising to address, under unfavorable
circumstances, tho large and flae audience by whom
we were surrounded, But of this it does nol become
usto speak. During our brief sojourn in Mexloo we
saw much that was gratifying, and many pcreons whose
personal acquaintance we were glad to make, Mr.
Presidont Eaet, Treasurer Conx.iy, and other officers
and many oltizens whom we had the pleasure of taking
by the hand, appeared to be men of the right make
snd motal for the cause and the occasion. Mexico is a
Ano, pleasantly located village of some 1,00 inhabitants
—has a beautifal and euccessful Academy, many fine
residonces, and must be a pleasant place to reside,
Tum Far At Futon (or Oswego Falls,)—Sept, 13-16,
four days—was a decided euccess in most respects,
Tho day we attended (the 15th) the number presoat
was estimated at from ten to twolve thousand, the
weathor being very favorable for both exhibitors and
visitors, On entering the fino grounds (containing
about 15 acres, and situated on ¢he shore of a beautiful
lake,) wo Were surprised at the extent and variety of
tho exhibition, and the large number in attendanog—
and soon learned that the surrounding country was not
only well representod, but that hundreds had arrived
by railroad from the cities of Syracuse and Oswego,
Tho Steck had been removed from the grounds, but the
departments of the exhibition which we witnessed were
much better than we had anticipated. Our attention
was first attracted to a good display of Ag. Imploments
and Machinery—inoluding D, 0, Cumrso’s Powor Hay
and Corn Stalk Cutter in operation. It is an excellent
machine (as recently noticed by a RvEAL correspon-
dent,) and we wero glad to learn was being somewhat
extonsively manufactured by J, KE, Durron & Oo,, of
Fulton. The display in the Jargs tent devoted to Fruits
and Flowers, Domestic and Fancy Ariiclee, Fino Arts,
&o., was exceedingly creditable in quantity, quality and
variety, and worthy the attention and commendation
{t received. In fruits, fowers and floral ornaments,
needle and fancy work, and specimens of the ne arts,
the exhibition was yery attractive, including many
things worthy of special notice. Among tho novelties
we examined a Portable Mercarial Barometer, of Tr-
ny's patent, which wo think will prove a long-sought
desideratum for agricultural purposes, and of which
we may haye more to aay infatare. Also, a floral orna-
ment, consisting of & case of flowers, moss, c&o., per-
fectly dry and so preserved as to retain their original
colors, Tho process is eald to haye been discoyored by
Mr. Mantis Ospoxns, of Fulton, and is certainly very
ingenious and apparently successful. A superlorspccl-
men of Penmanship (including a fac-simile of a bank
note, portraits, &c.,) was exhibited by S. M. Bassrrr, of
the Syracuse Com. College; we never saw {ts equal.
The show of Dairy Products, Vegetables, Grain, d&o.,
(in another spacious tent,) was quite large and excel-
lont—better than we have seen at many County Fairs
in the most fayored localities. We observed a superior
sample of Toa Wheat, from a crop grown by Mr.
Srnanauan, of Granby, which produced 81} bushels
per acre. Several persons present considered the Tea
tho best varlety of spring wheat, especially for light
soils, Much attention is given to wheat culture in
Oswego Co,, of lato, the yield proving very good,—
mostly spring varletles, There were many things, in
both tents, worthy of notice, but we cannot even enu-
merate them, The displays elsewhere—including a
Regatta on the lake, and a trial of Fire Engines om its
shore—were interesting and attractivd, But here, os
at the Mexico Falr, tho People themselves wore the
best part of the exhibltlon—and we don’t say this be-
cause they listened attentfvely and approvingly to &
long address, and appreciated it above its merits, but
because we admired thelr spirit, cord{ality and appear-
ance, We were most happy to meet and tako by the
hand scores of thinking, enterprising and progressive
Men—inchuding a number of the friends of our boy-
hood—and shall long remember the occasion and re-
union with pleasure, To the officers of the Reovitie
and especially to Mr, Secretary Sanron?, editor of the
Patriot & Gasette—we are indebted for moro than
prief stay in Fulton and
ordinary courtesies during our
ded only, let us here explain,
Oswego Falls, (places divi rt
by tho Oswego Bivor.) Of Fulton, Its a ¥
neas, &e., We purpose to speak hereafter; and al
id.
aa porns we may remark that our visit to Os-
eae oie prominent Fairs impressed us most fayora-
Wwogo and its Fi from the split of emulatien and oster-
SA eanitatad we are not sure but the people C
Mredltably and permaently sustain rwo County as
Sooleties; on that point, however, we may herealicr
take tho liberty of offering one or two suggestions.
Toe” Ae
5
RT
FRUITS FOR NAMES.
—The pears sent us by S, Snenman, of
woe a small specimens of Stevens’
Genue. By Neoevey & Co., Pittsburgh, Buffum.
Arrxes—From Joseru Macomuen, Macedon, N.
Y. No.1, not cultivated here, and not worlhy of
cultivation, while we have so many good sorta
ripening at the same time, No. 2, name not
known; a poor apple. No. 3, Larly Strawberry.
No. 4, Mosher Sweeting, a very fair apple, but
early sweet apples are not as valuable as those
that will keep well through the winter for baking,
when other fruit is scarce. No.5, Primate, and is,
as our correspondent suggests, the same as sent
us by Mr. Warren, as we have since ascertained.
From D. B. Warre, of Springwater, N. Y., six
varieties of apples. No, 1, Hawley. No, 2, a va-
riety grown in a few orchards here, and called
Granberry Pippin. No. 3, a sweet apple, over-
ripe and dry; name, if ithas avy, unknown. No,
4,a poor apple; name unknown, No, 5, Zwenty
Ounos. No. 0, natural fruit.
From James Cuan, Greece, N, Y., fine speci-
mens of the Hawley.
——___+e+. -—____
A NEW HEDGE PLANT,
Messrs. Eps.:— Although I baye not before
token the privilege of addressing you on things
that partake of public utility, I will now make a
statement, withareguest, I havein my possession
some seeds, which I consider very valuable— they
wore presented me by a Mr, Geonoz Scansonovan,
o gentleman and traveler, He put these seeds
into my bands last Juno, in the city of Owensboro,
Kentacky. This gentleman, whoee travels. were
extended over Syria, Egypt, Palestine and Arabia
Petr, found this seed growing on a bedge on the
mountains of Syria, near Zebedany, Syria. I will
give you his own words concerning it:
“Syntan Henae. — The seeds of this hedge, or
thorn-busb, were collected by me on the 22d of
April, 1858, near Zebedany, Syria, about half way
between Damascus and Bualbeck, gr Heliopolis, at
an altitude of 4,000 feet above the sea level, — lat.
$8}4° N., lon, 36° E. from Greenwich, It seemed
a dardy shrub, and I should think would be found
admirably good in the Northern States for ahedge,
At the time I collected the seed, the snows were
lying upon the mountains on both sides of the
valley, in which also the shrub was growing, and
Yet, though so early in the season, in that Alpine
region, the new leaves were pretty well grown.
The last year’s seed were atill lingering upon th
spray amid the new foliage. I should think it
preferable to the Osage Orange, inasmuch as it
requires less Iubor with the shears or pruning
instruments,—it grows much thicker, and makes
0 sure defence against smaller animals, the thorns
or spines, are sharp, short and strong.”
As I think a great deal of this present from the
land of the Ancients, I would like to know the best
way of propagating it from the seed, The seeds
Are inclosed in a soft, pithy substance, looking like
and about the size of vest buttons covered with
brown cloth or muslin. These little buttons when
open, contain from three to five seeds, which have
about the appearance and density of Locust seeds.
Mr. Scannonovon had but a very few of the seeds,
and was yery anxious I should give them a fair
chance, and if successful, they may prove to be the
beat hedge plaat for the North that has ever yet
been tried. W. H. Wurre,
Dabuque, Iows, Sept., 1859.
Rewarxs.—We would plant a few of these seeds
in a nicely prepared bed this fall, and keep the
balance until spring, when they would doubtless
germinate better for being soaked in warm water.
Pour on them water a little hotter than the hand
ean bear, and then Jet them soak for twenty-four
hours. Plant in a mellow soil. Those planted
this fall would not require soaking, the frosts of
winter would probably produce the same effect,
and in the spring they would be ready to germi-
nate, Youmight give a few seed to some nursery-
man who has a propagating house, By taking this
course, if there is any vitality in the seods you
would be certain to obtain plants.
CULTURE OF STRAWBERRIES,
Messrs. Eps.:—Not wishing to occupy too much
Spaee in your paper, to the exclusion of more val-
wable matter, I send you this communication with
Some reluctance, but I would like to give to my
brother strawberry growers a little of my experi-
ence, which has been of considerable advantageto
me the Present season, in extending the time of
Mipening, for two weeks,
Tn preparing my plantation in the fall of 1857,
I was under the necessity of trusting the work of
hauling and spreading the manure to boys, conse-
quently it was very unevenly done, Some places
Teeeiving an abundance, more than I should have
dared to put on even for a crop of corn, and from
that down to none at all. Not having sufficient to
cover the piece and being ont of health, I was
obliged to plant it as it was, expecting where the
manure was applied the most liberal, to have
nothing but a mass of vines; but mark the result,
The present season when the frait began to ma.
ture, that part of the plat where there was no ma-
‘ure commenced ripening first, and I commenced
Picking from this bed the same day I did of the
Barly Scarlets from the other beds. The bed ]
‘8m describing was planted with Willson’s Albany
Seedling, and I have found no other strawberry
that would bear high manoring but that. Just in
Proportion as the manure was spread so they
i ae season, and that portion of,
most manure was applied was
the last; but instead of 4 magnificent crop of vines
Thad a splendid crop of berries, and that of the
‘largest size, which extended the time of picking
to twe weeks beyond the ry time; and, in
fact, my man was selling strawberries, Red and
White Antwerps, and black raspberries at the same
time. As itis the season of setting strawberries,
I would say to growers there is little danger of
manuring too high for the Wilson, while other
varieties, in my experience, will hardly bear it
Codar Lawn, W. Y., 1859. Les Weis
THE CUCUMBER.
We have often wondered why the people have
been so long eontent with the poor, little misera-
ble cucumbers, which are grown almost univer-
sully in this country, so far aa we have seen. The
seed dealers label their paper bags “Long Green”
and “ Zarly Frame,” but the fruit produced from
cach will be of all sizes and forms A look into
the London markets, or even
the markets of any provin-
cial town in England would
astonish our gardeners and
amateurs, for there they
would see the cucumbers
ranging from one to two feet
in length, and from three
to four inches in diameter,
while for tenderness, crisp-
ness and flavor they are far
superior to anything we
grow. Oor climate, we are
satisfied, is far more fayorn-
ble to the growth and per-
fection ef the cucumber than
that of Englond, and yet
while that eountry is every
year saab improyed ya-
rieties of thid vegetable, we
are satisfied with the same
poor mongrel sorts that were
grown thirty years ago. In-
deed, there scems o great
prejadice against a change,
and many are disposed to
consider oll large kinds
worthless. Some few yeors
since we happened to be on
a Vegetable Committee at a
Horticultural Society's Ex-
hibition, and was rejoiced to
see one lot of good cucum-
bers, grown from imported
seed; but what was our sur-
prise to find the majority of
the committee determined to
award the first premium to
the old sort, declaring this
large over-grown things to
be worthless, a kind of a
gourt. We prevailed upon
them to waive their decision
until we had time to pre- Lord Kenven’s Favorite.
pore aplate of each fit for eating, but in sucha
way that they could not tell which was the “gourd,”
when we presented the matter to their goou tuste.
| All ngreed that thei large one was far superior to
the otbers in all qualities of agood cucumber. Mr.
Onanvron, gardener to Josern Haxt, of this city,
has presented us this season with several speci-
mens of Lord Kenyon's Favorite, a popular English
vaviety, with the communication which will be
found below. Ofone of the specimens we give an
engraving. It is two feet in length, and three
inches in diameter, and is in all respects a beauti-
ful specimen.
Eprrons Rura.:—I haye sent you a variety of
cucumbers grown by me this season in the open
air, the kind being Lord Kenyon’s Favorite. Itis
specimen of the White Spine variety, and a bet-
ter kind for the table, I believe does not exist.
Cucumbers, like every other plant, will grow in
any soil, though not with same degree of vigor,
provided they be supplied with a sufficiency of
heat, light, water, and air,
It is often a matter of surprise to me, to see how
readily the inhabitants of this and other cities will
buy the poor kinds of cucumbers that are exposed
for sale, Now, I will assure your readers that if
they procured seed of this variety, and that having
once tasted it, they will never be induced to pur-
chase the hard, seedy, flavorless kind with which
they are at present content, and which is only fit
for pickles, and for that purpose should never be
allowed to grow longer than from two three
inehes in length.
The seed of this specimen was sown early in
June, and it has proved as productive as the most
common kinds, besides being the best forcer that
I know of. The criterion of o good cucumber is
its being covered witha fine bloom, asin the plum,
&c,, and still retaining the flower on the end of
the fruit. Seeda of this Variety can be procured
ofany of the large seedamen around Boston or
Philadelphia. Joun Cuanuron,
Bochester, Sept, 1839,
————+-o-—_____
CULTIVATION OF THE BLACKBERRY.
Ty the Ronan of August 27th, Oup Garvener,
in answer to Youno Ganpenen’s queries on this
subject, says :— There is a great difference in our
native blackberries, and it would be a good plan
to mark the plants needed, wuen IN FRUIT, 80 as to
be sure you get the best sorts.” Now, when a
blackberry cane has fruited it dies, leaving a dead
stump on @ two-year-old root which may Possibly
send up new shoot next spring and sometimes
may have sent up an off-shoot from near its base,
during the season of its fruiting. But this process
is a fruitful cause of failure. Most such plants
will die, and what live are unhealthy in their
growth,
But take the young canes that have been thrown
up from the new formed roots of the bearing canes,
by cutting a circle, spade deep, and ten or twelve
inches from the plant, so as to cut off both ends of
the lateral root, and you will have a plant that
will live and produce its like, But in order to be
Sure you bave the right kind (for the bad grow
intermingled oftentimes with the good,) see arti-
cle in the Runa of June 25th, 185s.
Take up the plants late in the fall, i. c,, after a
heavy frost has stopped the circulation of sap or
early in the spring, and have patience one, two,
and three years, for the roots to become firmly
established before you ean expect mach good fruit.
While referring to the article on blackberries,
in Roear of 25th, permit me to say that another
year's observation has decided me to attempt the
cultivation of No, 1, there described. Its brier-
leas form and exceeding richness, would make it a
truly valuable garden fruit, if it would bear culti-
vation, and especially if it would increase its
fruitfulness, of which I have hope. The plants
are quite rare—JI ounce found a plat far away
from any other briers, in the ‘Oak Openings” of
Calhoun Co., Michigao. Two years ago I founda
small plat loaded with the best of berries in the
middle of the great Sodus blackberry plains, All
the rest that I know of are scattered a few ina
place along some fences. I would be willing to
send a few of the plants to those who were anxious
to try them, but the first mail would overwhelm
me with applications. Let any one in seeking
these plants discriminate carefully, between these
and those described as false, and in the mean
time I will see if a can find a larger supply; and
if so, will let the public know through the advertis-
ing columns of the Runa. _ H.W, Doourtrie.
Oaks Corners, N. ¥., 1859. =.
————
DWARF PEARS,
Epa Ronar:—During the late controversy in
the columns of the Rorat on the culture of the
Dwarf Pear, being a novice in the business, I
chose to look on silently rather than take part in
the discussion, and try to profit by the experience
of others. The conflict being over, the smoke
having cleared away, and all being now quiet, I
propose to give my little experience in the busi-
ness and its results. I purchased the farm on
which I now reside, in 1953. There were on the
Place three dwarf pear trees —one Seckel, one
Beurre Diel, The name of the other is unknown
to me, but it is a great bearer, fruit of medium or
small size, of a pale green color, turning slightly
yellow, when ripe, late in autumn. I see no
description in Thomas’ Fruit Culturist corres-
ponding with it,
My soil is a gravelly losm, deep and warm; have
applied refuse lime with barn-yard manure freely
about the roots. The trees have been very pro-
ductive, and had the fruit been marketed at raling
prices by the barrel, would have paid annually the
interest of $20 or $25 per tree. In the spring of
1858, I purchased of Mr. T. G. Yzowans twenty-five
beautiful trees, and set them. All lived and did
remarkably well the first year. Last spring two
(Bartletts,) separated from the stock; one of the
same variety is somewhat affected by the blight,
and the remainder are all right. Several of them
are bearing finely this season, Zartletts taking the
lead. Iam so well satisfied with the result, that I
am preparing ground for the addition of some
twenty or thirty to my stock next spring. There
is a curiosity connected with one tree worthy of
note; it blossomed and set for frnit at the naval
time, and has nine pearh, ( Bartletts,) of large size.
Some six weeks later ij blossomed again, and has
now growing nine pears, 2d crop, about the size
of a butternut, They are now thrifty, but will
doubtless fail to mature before autumn frosts. If
you or any of your numerous readers have wit-
nessed anything of the kind I should like to hear
from them. J. W. Coxurss.
Sodus, N. ¥., Sept., 1859,
TRANSPLANTING LARGE TREES,
A Panis correspondent of the Boston Zraveller
gives the subjoined account of a mode of trans-
planting large trees now in use there:
“Large trees are daily seen riding through the
Champs Elysees, which are to take the place of
old and decayed ones. Itis a strange sight to see
a tree fifty or sixty feet high, with a trunk two
feet (!) in diameter, in full foliage, moving up
through the Boulevards on wheels. I haye been
astonished at the size of some of those trees that I
haye seen riding by me, and my curiosity led me
about a mile outside of the city tosee the progress
of taking them out of the ground, which is as fol-
lows :—A circle is cut round the tree about three
feet from the trunk and at the depth of about five,
throngh roots and earth. The earth which ad-
heres to the roots is covered and bound with
brush and ropes, to keep all together, then large
chains are passed under the whole, and the ends
brought up above the surface of the ground. It
now being ready to be removed, two heavy, strong
planks are laid down outside of the hole to receive
the wheels of the wagon, which is made of solid
iron, and a skeleton body of only two heayy side
pieces, which connect the fore and aft wheels; the
front wheels have an axletree passing from ene
side to the other, while the rear wheels are hung
like those upon many railroad cars, haying one
open space, and strengthened by a heavy cross-
piece of iron, which can be removed at pleasure,
Over each wheel is a windlass to hoist by crank,
Now, being ready to take up the tree, the heayy
cross-piece behind is removed, and the vehicle is
backed upon the planks, and the trunk of the
tree now stands up through the middle of the
skeleton body; the end of the chains are made
fast to the windlasses, and eight strong men, two
at each crank, wind np the chain and swing the
tree, roots and earth, to the wagon, put in the
cross-piece behind, attach from four to six horses,
and drive off. The tree is lowered into the earth
in the same manner that it is taken.”
Puxzsenyine Cerzey.—I have & couple of fine trenches
of celery, and should like to learn, either from yourself
or some of your numerous contributors, the best mode
of preserving it for winter and spring use,—J. ©. Wir-
son, Edmons, Sept,, 1859.
We have always had the best success by the
following method :—Set the plants erect on the
cellar bottom, if of earth, or if of any other mate-
rial lay down alittle earth, on which spread the
roots. Then cover the stalks alittle higher than
covered in the trench with well dried sand. This
Will keep it well and thoroughly bleach it, If
celery is left exposed to the air it withers; if cov-
ered with earth it rots. It should be keptin a
cool cellar, CavuirLoweR that have not formed
heads, if put inthe cellar with earth around the
roots, will head during the winter.
KEEPING CIDER SWEET,
Messrs. Eps.: —Noticing in alate Rugat an in-
quiry for a method of keeping cider sweet, I give
you the following for the benefit of E. H., Cincin-
pati, Q. Take o barrel that will not leak in the
sides, with bottom in an top out, bore enough holes
in the bottom that there will be no trouble in the
escapement of the cider. Now take a doubled
piece of flannel and lay on the bottom neatly, that
no sand can run through. Place a layer of sand
thereon, to about the depth of six inches, then
pulverize charcoal and make a yery thin Joyer,
then another layer of sand of same depth, sgain
another layer of charcoal, the last, a heavier layer
ef sand. his barrel, with sand and charcoal, is
to sit over a tub which the cider can runin. The
process of cleansing now commences. Draw from
your cider barrel and pour on the sand, &c,, taking
care not to stir up the sand much, rack the whole
through, putting the rectified into another sweet
barrel, in which, afterwards, put in a pint of mus-
tard seed and your cider is fit for any company,
To much charcoal is a damage as it colors it—R.
P. H., Springfield, Erie Co. Pa., 1859.
Cneaw Pres, &c.—I saw in a late Rurav an in-
quiry as to how “Cream Pies” are made,—I send
my recipe which I think good. One pint of thin
cream; Jf cup of sugar; 1 egg; a little nutmeg
and allspice; a pinch of salt—make a good rich
crust. You must only eat a small piece for it ia
very rich,
Rattnoan Srockixas— A Better Way.—Set up
the stitches two-thirds less than the usual way—
knit three finger’s lengths withont seam or narrow-
ing, then drop every third stitch and finish off the
toe in the usual manner— let the dropped stitches
run entirely down to the toe; and the stocking is
finished. I think the ladies will like this way bet-
ter — please try it—Morue, Rome, NV. ¥., 1859.
Lemon Pre.—Grate the rind and squeeze the
juice of two large lemons; 3 cups of sugar; 4
eggs, whites and yolks beaten separately; 4 table-
spoonfuls of flour; 2 teacups of water—add the
whites of the eggs the last thing. Bake without
an upper crust.—Attie, Jefferson Oo., N. ¥.
Dnop Caxes.—Take one pint of buttermilk; 3
eggs; 1 teacup sugar; lard the size of an egg; 1
spoonful of ginger; a teaspoon saleratus, and flour
enough toform astiffbatter, Bake by droppings
boiling lavd.—Asanva Morenan, Dyfance, O;
Preservino Cnan-Arrirs.—I wish to learn,
through the columns of the Ruran,the best method
of preserving Cran-Arpies,— will some of your
readers inform me, and oblige—Sopura, Last
Clarendon, Vt., 1859.
Towato Wine.— Can any of the Rurat readers
give a recipe for making a Tomato Wine that will
not have the tomato twang to excess. P. H.,
Springfield, Pa., 1859.
—E
Inquinies.—Will some of your readers please
tell us how to prepare straw for coloring, and how
to color it drab? Also to color cotton nankeen.—
J. J., West Pike, N. ¥., 1859.
Horticultural Advertisements.
OLORED PLATES OF FRUITS, FLOWERS
AND SHRUBBERY.— We are producing a superior
article for Nurserymen and Amateurs, Send 61 for four as
specimens, and a Catalogue with full particulars to F. DAR-
ROW & BRO, Booksellers and Agricultural Book Publish-
ers, Rochester, N, Y. 507-18
.OR SALE !—Two hundred thousand French Quince
Stocks, at the following Low PRICES:
forts, which ¥
dencr,
BLooMincron NURSERY, ILL._SO ACRES.
A General Assortment of Fruit and Ornamentals. AP-
PLE Grarts, fine, 1 to 3 ft, 5 to7 feet, $95 perl,000, Per
100 Gooseberry. Houghton, #4. Rasrnenry, Orange, $7.
Srrawoenny, Wilson's Albany, 91,50, Tu.tps, of 20 fine
named sorts, single and double, #4. Linneus Ravpans,
large roots, $10, Arrie Stocks, erafting slze, 10,000 330, dc.
Terms, cash, New Bulbs and Wholesale Oatalogues ‘out.
607-3¢ F. K. PHOENIX,
RAVENs woop FRUIT GARDEN AND
NURSERY.
H, 0, FREEMAN, (late Freeman & Kendall,) offers to the
Trade and others, at wholesale and retail, a large and well-
grown stock of the following desirable plants, viz.:
RRINCKLE'S ORANGE Rasrneary,
Myartr's Lisy#os Riroparn,
New Rochettr on LawTon BLacknerny.
DeLAWAne AND Ruproca Gare Vines—l and 2 years old.
Cuerny Currants.
Also, Dwany Pear Taees—of the best selected varietles ;
very fine 9 years old Trees.
Also, NEWMAN'S THORNLESS BLACKBERRY, BLACK NAPLES
Connanrs, &c., &c, Address H. 0. PREEMAN,
S07-4t "Care Awpkew Bripoewan, 63 Broadway, N.Y.
HIGHLAND NURSERIES,
COWLES & WARREN, SYRACUSE, N. Y.
For Hardy, Well-Matured Growth of Stock, these Nur-
series are unsurpassed,
se large ‘quantities of Isabella and Catawha Grape
Vines; Red and White Dutch. and Black Naples Currants:
Standard Cherry, very fine:
New Rochelle
Snow Ball Moun’
which we now offer for sal
Also, a large and well assorted f Apple, Standard
Pear, Pluin, Peach, Quince, new varieties of Grapes Cur
Freen, Osage Oranges Parole Brinney soivea and ole
sage Orange, Purple Fringe, Spire:
Ornamental Trees and bbery and Bulbous Roots.
Catalogues Free, eee bOr-I
ULBOUS FLOWER ROOTS.
We have now on hand a large stock of the finest
Line Bulbons Blower Roots mich wre offer to Dealers and
vers on the reasonable terms.
menth for planting | in the ‘open ground, and for potting, to
bloom in winter.
Hvscurris—Double sad. fiogle
Fens Ai its Yew Set, Ao
es.
vs—Many varleti — ay
all the other more common ones,
Ghown Turrenate—sfa0)
1101
Superb Japun Lilles, ans
Tes, cc aall orders promptly filled, and packed in the
De Cuolelt carly order that they maybe disposed of be-
fore we commence P
ea gratis,
a as ELLWANGER & nanny,
ANDRE LEROY’S NURSERIES,
AT ANGERS, FRANCE.
‘The Proprietor of these Nurseries, the most extensive tm
thew inform bis numerous frien
and the patie that bis Catalorue of Feuif wnat Osea
eewon, “ae oy and aa theled L
€
fd P. A. BROGUIER
st =u 51 Cedar street, New York,
N= Wavrve GHarss.
we
tollomior New fale very suberlor well rooted Vines of the
r
Natlve Grapes:
Clara, Grabam
Geena Ie, nee White,
Concord, ur. White
Perkins, a, loodre tie,
Hartford Prolific, Raabe” BSCR. Buseas e
Garrigues, Elsint . fi ny araeon,
peary Anny Nasr 1000's Whies,
Ewopire, Bt Oat im, Hamburg,
Diana Seedling, Albino, “ Ilon Perk
ellington, Swatara, \ verte
eller,
Minor’s Seedling, Pennell, TeAugesk.
a ive, and a good
es
CKBERRIES—New Kochelle or Lawton, very strong
er
planta, with all the roota,
‘Our Descriptive Catalogue, containing much useful infor.
mation respecting the New Grapes, many of oh HS
frulted in our grounds, will be sent free to all applicants,
HOA! AINE,
607-1t Woodlawn Norseriea, Lockport, N. ¥,
(0) B. MAXWELL & OO,,
* Desire to call the attention of Nurscrymen, Dealers
and Planters to thelr present stock of Fruit Troes, Seed-
Ings and Stocks, that for health, thrift and beauty, is not
excelled in the State, and consists principally of
Arpie ‘TRees— Standard, 1 te 4 years, very thrifty and
stacky,
Pear Taees—Standard and Dwarf, 9 years, very fine.
Cuerry Trees—Standard, 1 and 2 pear very uniform,
aaeiniy, and handsome, and largely of Dukes and Me:
rellos.
Cnenny Taes—Farly Richmond, 1 year, by the 100 or 1,000,
PLUM Trees—1 and 3 years, that are quite na thrifty nod
handsome as the Oberry, very stocky and finely rooted,
Peacu TREES—1 year.
Mostly Houghton’s Seedling, 1 and Syaars.
Leading sorts, and largely of Brinckle’s
0 h
Rosks—Clinbing and Hybrid Perpetuals, etrong planta,
STOCKS AND SEEDLINGS FOR NURSERYMEN.
Pear Becnace— large quantity, unusually strong and
healthy. ~
Puow SeEDLINGs—Prom the Large Blue or Horse Plum, very
strong.
Cnenny Seepiixcs—Mahaleb and Mazzard No, 1,
AppLe SkepLixas—2 years, a very large quantity,
Quince Stocks—Ankers, stroog snd well rooted,
Geiser SpepLixas Orange, Lenn, and vatlons other art
cles 0! ursery, ce DB. hs.
so7-it Dansville, Livingston Co,, N.Y.
15 000 ISARELLA AND 5000 CLINTON
2. GRAPE VINES FOR SALE.—T will sell theso
Vines this Palt Cheaper they can be bought elsewhere
in Western New York. The Clinton Grape Js rae Wixe
Grarzor America. Those who contempla’e going into the
wine business bad better enll and try my Clinten Grape
Wine, E, FERGUSON, No, 13 Prank street
505-8t Rochester, N.Y.
= ALLEN RASPBERRY.
Toe best hardy Raspberry in Cultivation—of large ulna,
high flayor, and very productive.
"The Allen Raspberry is one of which a great deal may
be expected, as exhibited with us, for Ita large alee, bright
red color, firmness for earriage, un\formity of yielding, and
complete hardiness."—B. J. Hooper, Sec. Oinclnuath Hor-
Ucultural Society, In August Horticulturist,
‘The “Allen” took the Orst prise in a large competition of
Raspberries at the Cincinnati Show in June last,
Geo, Seymour & Co., of Norwalk, Conn,, extensive berry
growers, after trying fifty plants in bearing. ordered @ thou.
sand plants more of me, remarking that “for all good qual-
ities combined, the ‘Allen® is the best raspberry we have
seen or cultivated,"
Wm. Parry, of Olnnaminson, N, J., near Philadelphia,
ditto, substantially to Messrs, Seymour & Co,
srnsQUE Agent, one of the oldest fruft dealers in Washington
larket, New York, informs us no better raspberry
corabasnts aa Eck than the ‘Allen.’"'—H, & J, Carpenter,
oughkeepsle, N. Y.
Price, AI pet doxens #5 per 100; #{0 per 1.000 plants, well
packed, and sent per express, or other conveyance, na dl-
rooted, after Ist October, Orders with money Inclosed will
be thy ed. LEWIS F,
A New Edition of Descriptive Catalogué will be rey by
‘The 15th, which will be sent to applicants sending a three
cent stamp. It contains additional information relative to
Planting, Training, and the management of Vines, with a
full and accurate description of all the valuable varieties
with which I am acquainted that are now Jn market,
My facilities for propagating (including TEREYy an acre of
sluss) are extensive, and In consequence my plants gener-
ally, and especiaily the Delaware Vines, are this season of
much better quality than I have before been able to offer.
Of Large Diana Vines my stock fs Ihmited, Dut of surpias-
ing excellence. Of Anna, the stock 1s wlso small, but planta
of hest quality; chiefly LAno® Layers ready for bearing,
dor dirices awd sull Particulars, see Fatalogue,
Of Delaware Vines, besides very large Layers. I have a
good stock of exceedingly vigorous plants grown in the
open alr, for such a8 may prefer them. Of these the wood
and rots are very strong, ard will be Uigroughly ripened
early in the season,
would recommend the Herbemont as amost delicious
Grape, and a great acquisition to all gardens having a shel-
tered exposure not more than one degree north of Jativude
of New York. A small stock of very large layers ready for
bearing, now for th ere:
is synonymous with Cape, Alexander, York Madelra,
Eliza. Schuylkill Moscadel,
layers. | Of the following a very Ikited supply:
naselns,) Logan,
i Woman, etc.) Cassidy, Louisa,
Elsinbarg, Clara, Raabe, Lenoir, U. Village, Early Hudson,
Garrlgue's, Hartford Prolific, Etally,
Foreign Vines, a good stock—plants vigorous,
Down! nee Exe Deeunk nA small stock of supe-
Janta, 1 and 2 years old.
Nemman’s Thornless Blackberry, (best garden yarlety,)
afew bundreds,
Wholesale Catalogue ready. ©. W. GRANT,
BOSdL “Towa TSLAno, near Peekskill, Westehicater Cou WY,
OGAN GRAPE.—The earliest ripening, Diack,
Trees Grave with whlch we are acguaiaceds Yt felt
was sent fo us this year earlier than any Other grape grown
out of doors. Berry oval: bunch compact.
Our Illustrated and Descriptive Catalogue of over 70 sorts
of, rapes, sent to applicants who Inclose a stamp.
Gc OC. P. BISSELL & SALTER, Rochester, N. Y.
REBS! TREES! THEEHS!!:
FOR THE AUTUMN OF 1859,
‘Tre Supscnipers invite the attention of Nunsenyaen,
Deacens and PLANTERS, to their large and fine Stock of
it sorts,
Peach TRves-One year; Plum. Syears; Orange, Quince, ko,
rants—Red Dutch, White Dutch, Oherry, Victoria, ko,
Qoesnbanaiss Ameriéan Seedling and thé best Eoglish
es ith
The leading sorts in large quantities,
Sais een largely—Dorchester aod Newman's
Raupange Downloe's Color), Caooa's Mammotb, and a
vat’: jonaus,
nua vee es Tails Zr abd he best caro
in propazating, we are eoabied to, offer, Delaware
Diana, Medien, ein goria, with the Dest forelen
ost -Glimbipe and Hybrid Perpetuale—a fine assortment
Hinge Passat. Arbor Vite, Red Cedar Privet, Onage
‘Orange, 4.
an NURSERYMER—A fine supply of An;
Brogns 1B aco, Oberry, Olaxanrd apn Mabslabey ote et
old, and Apple Stocks 2 years old.
T. C. MAXWELL & BRO.
Geneva, Ontario Oo., N. ¥., Sept, 1, 1859, 604-5t
RUE DELAWARE GRAPE V! -
Tart ne it sae GOARE VINE PROPA:
gan, Rebeeca, Diana, Concord, Hartford Prolific, and other
new varieties, & to #2—all strong and well rooted, ready
for delivery In the Fall. GEO. W. CAMPBELL,
‘August, 1659, (502-131) Delaware, Ohio.
pSsors AND ORNAMENTAL
PLanT
SB, oe
A. FROST & OO.. Proprietors of the Genesee Valley, ‘or-
Rochester, N.Y. followl logues
revreseat Tinea ee cccuples Three Hundred
ing Cal
All parties yarchase Prolt, Ornamental
ire rer ante conse bel interest Dy examining
a are!
Prompt ate alba i stven ail communica aay
No.l Descriptive Oatalogucof Oraamentg! Frees, Shrubs,
ice a) Descriptive Catalogue of Dahllas, Verbenas, Green-
house Plants, &c.
latalogue or Trade List,
No. 4. Wholestles Catalonue of Flowering Bulbs. 501-7
any
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
A HBART-GLIMPSE, WHICH MAY GOD PITY.
BY AMANDA T, JONES,
Oven desert wilds she strayed,
And the sand beneath was hot,
‘There was neither dewy shade,
Pleasant glen nor kindly grot.
Ah! so wearily sho went,
Burdened with her youth’s lone years;
Strength and will alike were spent—
Ail but hope was quenched in tears,
Lo! at length a garden fair
Lay inviting by her side,
Pleasant fruits were smiling there
By cool rivers deep and wide,
Presently a face looked out,—
‘Twas a pleasant, puzzling face,
But she had no heart to doubt
For the beauty of the place.
Sick and weary of the sand
Where her tolling feet bad been,
Pleading, stretched she out ber hand,
And the Unknown led her in.
By the fonntain’s smiling side,
By the fruit trees, green and tall,
To tho rivers cool and wide—
* Led her there, and that was all.
Famished, parched the streams she eyed,
And the fruit that hung so high;
All her longing spirit cried,
“Feed me, feed me, or I die!”
“At the fountain let me quaff—
See! its precious wave hew clear!”
Heard sho thon a taunting laugh—
Saw she then a mocking sneer.
Sneers upon that puzzling faco
Filled her soul with fear and doubt,
From thé pleasant, blooming place,
Thén the Unknown led her ont,
‘Twas but one more drop of woo,
Strength and will had gone before ;
Now, as sho through wilds doth go,
Afope walks with her neyermore,
Black Rook, N. Y,, 1859.
or
Written for Moore’s Rural New-Yorker.
A LIFE SKETCH.
“Te Lonp is my shepherd, I shall not want,”
and gently closing the book of eternal truth the
stricken, tearful mourner, clasping her hands in
prayer, peacefully murmured “Father, Thy will
be done.” Angel wings fanned softly that pale,
care-worn brow. Joyfully they attuned their
golden harps to sweeter praises, as they noted the
peaceful calm which, like a sunbeam of light, flit-
~ ted across her sorrowing heart, as she trustingly
stayed her hopes upon the blest promises of her
Heavenly Father. One by one, the silken ties
which joined her heart to earth had been ruth-
lessly rent asunder, until now she was left to tread
life’s thorny pathway alone. Despair had spread
her black wing over her once fond hopes until,
with an aching, almost hopeless heart, she turned
to the immutable promises of her neglected Gon.
It was there she found balm for her sorrowing
heart, and for a brief season earth and its gloom
were forgotten in the contemplation of the won-
drous beauties of that glorious home along whose
golden shores the Angel of Death never wanders,
—where clouds never dim the azure skies,— but
the light of an eternal sun ever reigns.
But, sitting in the gray twilight hour, her
thoughts wander from the future, to the dead past,
Bright dreams of long vanished years rush o'er
her soul with mighty power, and as Memory un-
jocks her gilded casket, and, true to her trust,
brings to her mind the treasures of “long gone
Years,” reminiscences of happy youth come up
before her laden with far-off sweetness, when life,
was filled with sunshine, and earth seemed o
bloommg Eden. And as her thoughts wander
back through the long vista, she beholds the
cherished friends of her youth who surrounded
her in her yine-wreathed home where, joyous as a
forest-bird, she gaily carolled her childish songs
untroubled by care.
Alas! how great the change of a few short
years. Fond parents, whose loving hearts would
gladly have shielded her from sorrow, have now
finished the journey of life, and have gene to that
promised land of rest where evermore the majestic
anthem, “ Worthy the Lamb,” rolls on, in which
their voices unceasingly join. A fond sister, and
brother too, once gladdened that happy home, but
where now are they? One, in tho youth ond
beauty of early womanhoed, ere yet the roses
paled upon her cheek, closed her eyes in dream-
less sleep, and the willow which has Jong wept
above her graye still sings her requiem. The
other, wearying of the home of his childhood, and
longing for more exciting pleasures, long years
ago bid adieu to its scenes, and crossing the bil-
lowy deep, roamed in foreign lands; and for weary
months and years the restless, ever trackless ocean
has borne upon its bosom no tidings of his exist-
ence to his watching sister. Weary of waiting,
imagination has pictured for him a grave amid
the coral forests of ocean's fathomless depths, or
beneath the green grass of a stranger land, Thus,
one by one, had the friends of her girlhood de-
parted, until he alone was left, who at the
hymenial alter had breathed yows of constancy
and protection until “Death them should part.”
Unbroken oy aa these promises, but the
tempter, wine, won the fond husband from the
weet home to dark haunts—the gateway of
eternal ruin, Many a lonely, weary hour, did sho,
the neglected wife, watch for the coming foot-
steps of the degraded inebriate, until, amid the
dorkn one never-to-be-forgotten midnight
hour, hands bore him to his home a
loathsome corpse. Alone, and unprepared, he
shad met the fearful summons of death. His brain
MOORK’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
meet his Gop. Ab, with what unutterable anguish
did she bend over the form of him who, in the no-
bility of manhood, won her heart’s fondest affec-
tions but to blight her life with misery. Loaded
with grief, and without a hope in the promises of
her Heavenly Father, despair, with o crushing
weight, seemed to rest upon her broken spirit,
until with only a mother’s love she roused herself
to live for her child. Around him did the golden
chain of her affection entwine until he seemed a
part of her very life. And not until the waxen
lids were closed in death, and the willow wept
“over his little green grave,” did she realize that
she had made for herself an idol of clay,—that
her Gop in loving kindness had broken the last tie
that bound her heart to earth, had transplanted
the bud of youthful promise to a purer clime;
where, amid elysian bowers, his tiny feet might
walk the flowery paths of Paradise, and his loving
Spirit nestle upon a loving Savior’s bosom.
Thus, while the curtains of night haye been
wrapping earth in shadows, her soul has been
wandering back over the dead years of the past,
reading upon their truthful scroll the remem-
brance of life’s blasted hopes, and bitter lessons,
Yet she rejoices that by the cup of sorrow quaffed
to its dregs, she has been taught to look from
perishable joys to Him who is the Way, the
Truth, and the Life, to such as trust in Him.—
Though for her earth has lost its brightest pleas-
ures, yet, with the eye of faith, she has learned to
look up to that home above, where ‘the weary
find rest,”—where the burning tears which have
burst from the deepest fountains of grief may yet
sparkle as gems of rejoicing in the crown of those
whio, in patient endurance, bear meekly the bur-
dens of life, trusting in His unerring wisdom,
“who doeth all things well.” Manion.
Wilson, N. Y., Sept, 1859.
——+e+—____
THE LIGHT OF A CHEERFUL FACE,
Tuere is no greater every-day virtue than
cheerfulness, This quality in man among men,
is like sunshine to the day, or gentle, renewing
moisture to parched herbs, The light of a cheer-
ful face diffuses itself, and communicates the
happy spirit that inspires it, The sourest temper
must sweeten in the atmosphere of continuous
good humor. As well might fog, and cloud, and
vapor, hope to cling to the sun-illumined Jand-
scape, as the blues and moroseness to combat
jovial speech and exhilerating laughter. Be
cheerful always. There is no path easiertraveled,
no load but will be lighter, no shadow on heart or
brain but will lift sooner in presence of a deter-
mined cheerfulness. It may at times seem diffi-
cult for the happiest tempered to keep the coun-
tenance of peace and content; but the difficulty
will vanish when we truly consider that sullen
gloom and passionate despair do nothing but
multiply thorns and thicken sorrows. Ill comes
to us as providentially as good—and is as good,
if we rightly apply its lessons; why not, then,
cheerfully accept the ill, and thus blunt its appa-
rent sting? Cheerfulness ought to be the fruit of
philosophy and of Christianity. What is gained
by peevishness and fretfulness—by perverse sad-
ness and sullenness? If we are ill, let us be
cheered by the trust that we shall soon be in
health; if misfortune befall us, let us be cheered
by hopeful visions of better fortune; if death
robs us of the dear ones, let us be cheered by the
thought that they are only gone before, to the
blissful bowers where we shall all meet, to part
no more forever. Cultivate cheerfulness, if only
for personal profit. You will do and bear every
duty and burden better by being cheerful. It
will be your consoler in solitude, your passport
and commendation in society. You will be more
sought after, more trusted and esteemed for your
steady cheerfulness, The bad, the vicious, may
be boisterously gay and yulgarly humorous, but
seldom or never truly cheerful, Genuine cheer-
fulness is an almost certain index of a happy
mind and a pure, good heart.—Selected.
WHAT'S IN A KIss,
“Motuer, mother, kiss,” pleaded a little cherub
boy, with blue eyes, anxiously searching his
mother’s unusually serious fuce, as she tenderly
laid him upon his soft, warm bed, and lovingly
folded the snowy drapery about him. “Do kiss
me, mother!” and the rosy lips began to tremble,
the tear drops to gather in the pleading, upturned
eyes, and the little bosom heaved with struggling
emotion. “My little son has been naughty to-day,”
replies the mother, sadly. ‘How can I kiss those
lips that have spoken such angry words?” Too
much, too much! Dutiful mother, repent! The
little heart is swelling, breaking with grief;
tumultuous sobs break from its agitated bosom;
the snow white pillow is drenched with penitent
tears, and the little dimpled hand is extended so
imploringly. Relent! ’Tis enough! Once more
the little head is pillowed upon the maternal
bosom—once more the little cherub form is pressed
to that mother’s aching heart, and the good-night
kiss of forgiveness is given two-fold tenderer. A
few moments, and the sobbings cease, the golden
head drops, the weary eyelids close, and the little
erring one is laid back upon his couch, penitent
and humbled by one kiss from mama, What's in
4 kiss—a simple kiss? Much—very much, More
potent thon the sceptre, Who has not felt its
magic influence? ’Tis the lover's tender pledge
of undying constancy; ’tis a bond of friendship
and fidelity, and not only is it dear to the youthful
and ardent, but also to old age—to the withered
heart and blossomless cheek.
—_—_—__+o,—_____
My Mornen.—It is truly said—the first being
that rushes to the recollection of a man in his
heart’s difficulty, is his mother. She clings to his
memory and affection in themidst of all his forget-
fulness and hardihood induced by a roving life,
The last message he leaves is for her, his last
whisper breathes her name. The mother as she
instills the lesson of piety and filial obligation into
the heart of her infant son, should always feel that
her labor is not in vain. She may drop into the
grave, but she has left behind her influences that
will work for her. The bow is broken, but the
arrow is sped, and it will perform its office.
Frox the spring beneath the beech tree,
Where the bubbling waters riso;
‘There began my wayward wanderings,
*Neath the blue of summer skies.
Like o thread of liquid crystal,
By some fairy flogers spun—
Lengthening out my tiny current,
Day and night I tireless run.
‘Throngh the meadow, where the daisies
Fleck the emerald turf with snow,
With the sunshine on my bosom,
Sivging merrily I go.
Through the wood, with troops of shadows
Dancing to the restless leaves;
Where the wild vines o'er me streaming
Many a quaint, weird chaplet weaves,
And the sun, like golden rain drops,
Filters through the oaken screen,
Where the moss beds and the lichens
Edge my path with tufts of green!
Down the rocky hillside sliding
In and out, from stair to stair,
Till, midway the rocks o'er sweeping,
One swift plunge, the last I dare,
Then, from ont the white foam stealing,
Past the mill I make my way,
Where the ponderous wheel hangs dripping,
Green with moss for many a day;
Underneath the little foot-bridge
Where the sunburnt children fish,
With their bare feet dangling downward
For my cooling lips to kiss,
Hiding in the rocky shadows,
Shining by the dusty way;
Marmuring by the lowly cottage,
Whispering ‘neath the turrets gray,
Chiming this refrain forever,
As I tinkling ripple on;
'Tis the heart Wo bear within us
Maketh life a sign or song.
[ome Journal.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
REMEMBRANCE.
Wuen we reflect how many millions have died
and been forgotten—how many even of the later
dead seem to have but an occasional place in the
thoughts of those by whom they had most reason
to expect to be remembered—how, after a few
days of mourning for the departed, the happy
recover their cheerfulness aud the busy resume
their industry, and, so fir as may be judged by
outward signs, life goes on with the survivors
much as before—we aré apt, thinking only of
external evidences of change, to limit the effect
on families and communities of a withdrawal of
one of their number from the scenes of this life,
toa more or less poignant and lasting grief for
their loss. But it is impossible for a great sorrow,
such as the removal of a near relative or friend,
to fall upon even the gay and thoughtless, without
conferring certain spiritual benefits — without
destroying some illusions, and perhaps in some
sort compensating the sufferer for what he has
lost by leading him to place additional value on
what remains. True, when deprived of a portion
of our earthly treasure, we are apt, for a time, to
underrate what is left, and just so it is in regard
to our family relationships. The removal of one
member makes us feel that the world is empty,
and that there is nothing left worth living for;
and, somehow, this feeling stands so justified to
our minds, that we are distressed, and even expe-
rience a sense of guilt when we first become
conscious that we are beginning to be again at-
tracted by what formerly interested us. But
when the great shock is over, and Death has fairly
shown us how little claim we really have to what
we call our own—for not until we experience a
separation of this kind do we realize the possibility
of its occurrence—when agonizing grief has sub-
sided into a tender and regretful remembrance,
when the sense of impoverishment at the thought
of a loss of earthly companionship has given
place to a feeling of increased interest in the socie-
ty above, then the oftener our thoughts go down
into the graves of buried kindred, the more deeply
do we feel the insecurity of our hold on the living,
and, in anticipation of the time when they too
may be gone from our midst, they stand to us in
the relation of ‘blessings that brighten as they
take their flight.”
The workings of Time are so gradual that its
effects generally fall on us unheeded, unless some
ruder, sharper stroke than usual makes a gap that
succeeding years may, indeed, overrun with a
high growth of leayes and branches, but cannot
fill up nor conceal. Such a shock does our tree of
life sustain, when one accustomed to lend it friend-
ly shelter and support is suddenly uptorn by its
side, and suffering stamps all the painful details
of separation on our minds with a distinctness
that years cannot diminish, An event of joy is
lived through and forgotten; or, if remembered,
it presents itself as a single complete fact; an
experience of sorrow, if it ever leaves us, contin-
ually comes back with all the dread circumstances
attending its occurrence, If that sorrow has been
caused by the sickness and death of friends, we
live over, again and again, in memory, our first
uneasiness at the altered looks of the invalids—
our growing consciousness of their danger, which
we contemplated in silence, not having the heart
to speak of it—the trying alternations of hope and
fear—their own and our final conviction of their
approaching end—parting words—mutual prom-
ises of remembrance—the last breath when life
went out, and the hope and heart of the watcher died
with it—the dreary details of preparation for con-
signing the remains to their last resting place,
and the almost insupportable duty of laying away
the body to mingle with the dust. Afterward,
when the violence of grief has abated and the
many words concerning the departed, even to those
whose sorrow for themis equal to Ours, it is in
thought only that we recall with pleasure the
thousand traits of look, manner and conversation
of them when living, and dwell, with mournful
interest, on the incidents of their death. And
though we do not think of them as lying in the
grave-yard, deep in the earth, yet, feeling that
there is something there yery precious to us,
affection and duty prompt us to pay one outward
tribute of respect to the memory of the lost by
Sometimes visiting the spot where the remains are
buried.
But we need not go to their graves to be nearer
our dead, It is vain to think of bringing back
the presence of the departed more vividly there
than in the places where we haye been accustomed
to see them, and where we miss them most,—
Probably few of us have any distinct recollection
of seeing ourdeceased friends in the neighborhood
of their graves half a dozen times in our lives,
and then on occasions of too much sadness to
admit of their coming prominently before us when
the scene presents itself to our minds. So, when
we visit the spot where the dust of our dead Tepo-
ses, thinking to more Successfully invoke their
Presence there than elsewhere, though we feel
that beneath the stones bearing their names lies
something very sacred, yet nothing about us nat-
urally calls up memories of the quiet sleepers,
It requires an effort to associate their personalities
with surrounding objects. But at home every-
thing suggests thoughts of them—the door-stone
that has echoed their footsteps, and the threshold
they have crossed hundreds of times; the earth
they have walked on, the sky they have looked up
to, the air they have breathed, and the sunshine
that has warmed them—all seem tinged with their
presence. The sights and sounds of Nature that
meet our senses hint to us that they approach the
dwelling-places of the dead with an air of softness
and refinement they never show to theliving. To
our imagination, the birds sing over their graves
with a sweeter, tenderer note, the stars look down
with a serener light, the rain descends with
gentler force, and the snow falls with unaccus-
tomed stillness. And nowhere is the faith that
we shall see the dead again so strong as in the
home where they have lived, and where they have
faded from our sight. Musing on their occupa-
tion in the upper world, we seem to see them with
the countenances they wore in health, greeting old
and new friends, shaking hands and smiling as
they used to so cordially, and the pleasant fancy
strikes us that they will come back by-and-by and
tell us where they have been, what seen and heard
in their journeyings in the lovely lands beyond
the sky. Nowhere, not at their graves, can we
think so often, so naturally, so familiarly, 80
hopefully, of the dead as at home. 3
South Livonia N. Y., 1859.
| crazed with the demon, Alcobol, he had gone to THE SONG OF THE BROOK. work of remembrance begins, shrinking from S
7 oe te F
PATIENT WORKERS,
Wao does the most good? This question is
not easily answered. Such men as Luther, and
Wesley, and Edwards, and Wilberforce, and How-
ard, are prominent among the great workers in
the world. But who knows that they really ex-
celled thousands of others whose names have
neyer been mentioned in history? They were
made prominent by the circumstances around
them; and perhaps their success depended more
upon the agency of unknown persons, than upon
their own power. Very likely their position de-
pended more upon others than upon the success
of their own efforts. It is not always the man
who applies the torch to the loaded cannon, who
deserves the honor of the execution which it does.
Hosts of workers must have toiled long, hard,
skillfully and successfully before him, or his torch,
and flash, and the smoke, and the noise would
have amounted to nothing. To him who stands
out the most prominently, who stirs up thé great-
est excitement, and makes the most noise, the
least credit is often due for the result attained.
If we look at the surface of things men would
seem to be pitched into life, as vast heaps of wood,
coming down by mighty rivers, are brought to-
gether in rafts,pitched and tossed eyery whither,—
no barmony, no apparent relation among them.
Everything in life seems to be jumbled together,
if we look at the fitness of things. Men of fine
and tender feelings are placed in circumstances
where there is nothing to satisfy their wants;
men of aptitude for learning and thought are
compelled to remain in ignorance; men of feeble
minds are called to stations where strong wills
are needed, and strong men are placed where
their strength is of no avail. In the midst of all
these difficulties and discordances, what a fierce
and fiery time men would have of it, if it was
necessary that they should worry over disagreea-
ble duties; if there were no way of their avoiding
to fret and fume over every ledge of difficulty
which lay across their life.— Beecher.
oS:
Rey. Srpyey Surra on Exyoywent.—Mankind
are always happier for having been happy—so
that if you make them happy now, you make
them happy twenty years hence by the memory
of it. A childhood passed with a due mixture of
rational indulgence, under fond and wise parents,
diffuses over the whole of life a feeling of calm
pleasure, and in extreme old age is the very last
remembrance which time can erase from the mind
of man. No enjoyment, however inconsiderable,
is confined to the present moment. A man is the
happier for life from haying once made an agree-
able tour, or lived for any length of time with
pleasant people, or enjoyed any considerable in-
terval of innocent pleasure; which contributes to
render old men so inattentive to the scenes before
them, and carries them back to a world that is
past and to scenes never to be renewed again,
_—_———_—_+2+—___\_\_-
A neavurrrot thoughtis suggestedin the Koran:
“Angels, in the grave will not question thee as to
the amount of wealth thou has left behind thee,
but what good deeds thou hast done while in the
world, to entitle thee toa seat among the blest.”
——————--—__
Tue policy that can strike only while the iron is
hot, will be overcome by the perseverance that
can make the iron hot by striking.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
MINE.
BY STEPNEN FORBES,
Or all the words Whose thrilling sound
Strike through the spirit’s depth profound,
With echoes far and fine,
What oarrles more of hesvenly bliss—
What more of deadly sin than this—
This one word—Mine?
Through vaulted gloom are feebly shod
Dim lantern rays, upon a head
Where woe and sin combine,
No light his mental dark may cheer—
Tho miser counts his gold in fear,
And murmurs ‘ Mine /»
Dryxs before his palace stands,
And gazeth forth on fertile Jands,
With trees, and corn, and kine,
And o'er his shaven face the while
Oreepeth a cold and selfish emile
As Pride says “ Afine.”
Dark Luorrer, with flaming hate,
Ascends, still glorying in his fate,
Some mountain’s rocky spine,
‘Views the sad tale of crime and wos,
Sees blood and tears forever flow,
And thinks —"*Dis fine”
Not 40, for Gop, whose equal light,
‘Through golden day and silver night,
On al the world doth shine,
Says lovingly, and wears the look,
Whence sun and stars thelr radiance took,
All these are “ Dfine.”
“Mine!” >Tis the golden key of Love!
‘The heart's barred doors before It move,
And need no other sign,
‘Tho lover clasps his plighted bride,
With this one link of Faith and Pride,
“Thou wilt be Mine!”
O, Heavenly Rest! I yearn and pray
‘To see the morning of that day—
‘That dawn of light Divine—
When Faith shall fade in gad surprise
And Peace upon my heart shall rise,
Forever Mine /
O, loving Cunist! 0, Father of All!
0, Holy Spirit Mystical,
Jauovan, One and Trine!
T walk in strength and hope below,
For even here I gladly know
That Thou art Mine!
Utica, N. Y., 1859.
$+
THE WORDS WE SPEAK,
Our words are imperishable. Like winged
messengers, they go forth, but never to be recalled
—neyer to die, They have a mighty power for
good or evil through all time; and before the
great white throne they will be swift witnesses
for or against us. '
The words we speak have a mighty power; and
there are words angels might coyet to utter.
There are words of comfort to the afflicted. There
are sad hearts that need comfort everywhere, and
there are words of blame and cold indifference, or
feigned sympathy, that fall like lead upon the
stricken spirit; and there are blessed heart-words
of cheer, which bear up the soul and enable it to
look out from the dark night of its troubles, and
discern the silver lining of the gloomy cloud.
There are words of counsel to the young, to the
tempted, the erring. Speak them earnestly, affeo-
tionately, and though the waves of circumstance
may soon waft them away from your observation,
yet such is God’s husbandry, that if uttered in
faith and with prayer, He will take care that on
an earthly or heavenly shore the reaper shall
rejoice that he was a sower.
There are kind words; how little they cost, how
priceless they are! Harsh words beget harshness ;
and fretful words, like a certain little insect, sting
us into a feverish impatience, But who can resist
the charm of kind, loving words? The heart
expands beneath them as to the sunshine, and
they make us happier and better.
Then there are cheerful words, and why should
we dole them out with such miserly care? They
ought to form the atmosphere of our homes, and
to be habitual in all our social intercourse. We
have so many weaknesses, so many crosses, SO
much that is down-hill in life, that the habit of
thinking and speaking cheerfully is invaluable.
But there are other words against which we
should pray, ‘Set a watch, O Lord, before my
mouth; keep the door of my lips.” There are
words of falsehood and deceit, They lurk in our
expressions of civility, our professions of friend-
ship, our transactions of business. How early do
children, even, begin to weave a web of deceit,
and how carefully should those who train them
watch against this sin, and, by example and pre-
cept, teach them always and everywhere to speak
the truth.
There are slanderous words—how mischievous
theyare! There are the words of the tale-bearers,
that breed suspicions and jealousies in neighbor-
hoods, and between families. There are envious
words and flattering words, and faltering words,
which are no better, Then there is the long list
of idle words, or by-words, as they are called.
But there is another class of words to which we
would gladly refer—they are the words of eternal
life. Cornelius sent for Peter that he might speak
words to him, What blessed words those were!
Will they not be remembered with joy by both
speaker and hearer throughout all eternity? As
we pass along through the world, God will often
let us speak a word for Him; and if we seek His
aid, He will make it # word of power and comfort,
a word in season, to him that is weary.
“Speak gently; ’tls 2 lttle thing
Dropped in the heart’s deep well ;
‘Pho good, the Joy, Which it may bring,
Blernity shal tell.” (Bullard.
Tuere is many a man whose tongue might goy-
ern multitudes, if he could only govern his tongue.
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
Che Reviewer.
as viewed in the
“Pight of Bepeblican insitations. By Joux 8. O.
Avsorr. With One Hundred Engravings. [5¥o. pp.
439.) New York: Harper & Bros.
‘Tas 1s a besutifal book, elegantly and profusely
Wustrated. As the tile shows, it gives the history of
the French Revolation, which commenced 1789, until
the establishment of the consulate under Narorzon, in
1199, The history of no nation, for the same length of
time, is more fearfully interesting and instructive than
that of the French, daring what has been fly denomi-
nated “the reign of terror,” for \t ts a history of hor-
ror, eausing the blood almost to chill in the veins at its
simple recital. The nation publicly declared there was
no Gop—that 2eason was the French Delty—and it
seems as if the Almighty, to punish them for their folly
and impious presumption, left them to themselves to
try thelr boasted reason; and like demons they thirsted
for each other’s blood, until the soll of France was
soaked with human gore—until a million of men and
twenty thousand women, and more than that number
of prattling children, had fallen victims to the blind
fary of the French people and their blood-thirsty
leaders, Virtue, honor, intelligence, Innocence, and
childhood, afforded no protection—in fact, the highest
honor, and the greatest virtnes were considered crimes
worthy of death, Tho gulliotine became « plaything—
the beheading of men a pnstime, and of beantifal
women and innocent children, a glorious fete, calling
forth tho alr-rending shouts of the multitude, The
author and the artist have portrayed these scenes in a
trathfal manner, though the former is disposed to apol-
ogize for these atrocities, on account of the oppression
which the people endured previous to the revolution,
He quotes many things sald by French authors in palli-
ation, who, of course, are anxious to save thelr country
as much as possible from this disgrace, But the under-
standing of the reader will admit of noapology for such
human butchery. Even Bonesrrezne, the most cruel
of all the Jacobin leaders, who rathlessly murdered his
nearest friends, it 1s attempted to whitewash into a
pretty decent kind of a man, though of a very mysteri-
ous and inexplicable disposition, We would settle that
matter by writing him down a flend. There is good
deal of special pleading in behalf the revolutionista.
Sold in Bochester by D. Af. Dewzy.
Text anv Hane: Notes of an Oriental Trip. By
Canorine Parnz. [12mo. pp. 300.] New York: D.
Appleton & Co,
‘Tur. reader of the volume bearing the above tifle, if
desirous of accompanying the author, must go back to
1850 and make one of the company on board the Amer-
ican steam frigate Mississippi as that noble vessel enters
Constantinople, the harbor of the Bosphorus. Here a
few weeks are well spent In visiting the various objects
of interest in the oity and {ls environs, observing the
habits and customs of the people, and then once more
upon the waters for Alexandria, passage being secured
in on Austrian steamer, At this latter port, prelimina-
ries are arranged for the voyage up the Nile—pretty
villas and gardens, charming groves of date, palm, and
other trees, soon give place to sterile deserts—stretoh-
ALLEGRETTO.
ORDER.
e
1, We have a time for
e-
very thing, And e - very thing in
Treble.
2. The time to play, we ne'er for - get : We
love to have it
The time to sleep, the time to eat,
They help make up the
|
a oa
8
SSa4=
3. We have a place for all
our things, And all our things in
place for hats, and hoops, and strings, And one where we may
race,
af Seeeeern
; |e
&
| Se I —=
es =I
é Ls ll ae
eae
4, A place for books and ink and pen, When stu - dy hours are
£ But when we hear the tin - kling bell Which says that school’s be - gun,
o’er :
We put them up with care; and then, We’
We leave the play we
aaieaae
love so well, And for our pla-ces
——
more,
run,
re off to play ance
Spice from New Books.
A Slight Misconception.
“Terr’s where the boys fit for College,” said
the Professor to Mrs. Partington, pointing to the
High-School House. ‘Did they?” said the old
lady, with animation; ‘and, if they fit for College
before they went there, didn’t they fight after-
wards?” Yes,” said he, smiling, and favoring
the conceit; “yes, but the fight was with the
head, and not with the hands.” “Butted, did
they?” said the old lady, persistently. ‘I mean,”
continued he, “that they wrestled with their
studies, and went out of College to be our minis-
ters and doctors.” “Ah!” said she, “I never
knew that people had to rastle to be ministers and
doctors before.’ They moved on, Mrs. Partington
pondering the new idea, and Ike and Lion striy-
ing for the possession of the old lady’s umbrella —
“Knitting Work,” by Rota Partixeron.
Congressional Candidates,
Canprpates for Congress, —self-trumpeters.
In addressing the electors it is amusing to observe
how invariably, and how very impartially, each
candidate, when describing the sort_of representa-
tive whom the worthy and enlightened constituents
ought to choose, dratos a portrait of himself, bla-
zoning the little nothings that he had achieved,
and, sometimes, like the Pharisee, introducing a
Ing as far as the eye can reach—and the peaks of the
Pyramids, By-nnd-by boat-life is exchanged for tho
dwelling-place of the Arab, and all objects made nota
ble in elther sacred or profane history receive duc
attention, The extent of tho trip Is indicated by the
appellation of the book, and if the reader takes viows
from the same stand-point as the author, the ves J
cannot fail being mutually agreeable. Rochester.
Avans & Dasnzy.
From Dawn to DartianT; or, The Simple Story of a
Western Home, By a Mialster’s Wife, [16mo—pp.
889.] New York: Derby & Jackson.
“To shorton some of the lonely hours of a tedious
convalescence, and to gratify aud amuse my children,”
Temarks the writer, “I prepared this sketch of the life
of s dear friend.” A clergyman’s wife chanced to
peruse the manuscript, and felt that, if published, it
might lead laymen to percelye how easily, by kindness,
considerateness and prompt payment, they conld
strengthen their Pastor's hands, or, on the contrary,
paralyze all his efforts and energy, by negligence,
thonghtlessness and selfishness, hence, it was given to
the press. The narrative, we are informed, is literally
true, the only resort to fiction being in giving that which
a people should do, instead of what they did or did
not do, If the laity can thoughtfully peruse this yol-
ume, and still remain lax in the specialties to which it
is devoted, we have striking modern examples of the
folly of “casting pearls before swine.” Rochester—
Srzzxe, Avery & Co,
Iraty AND tim War or 1859. With Biographical
Notices of Sovereigns, Statesmen, and Military Com-
manders; Description and Statistics of the Country;
Canses of the War, &. By Juure Dr MAnovenit-
Fes, author of “The Ins and Outs of Paria,” The
Match Girl,” “ Parisian Pickings,” etc. With an In-
Seduction, by Dr. H Suxurox Mackenzte. With
‘ap and Portrai .—pp.392.] P e 5
Aap mnd Por [l6mo.—pp. 392] Philadelphia:
Ax interesting work, written by a lady acquainted
With the scenes which sho describes and many of the
actors in those scenes. Most of the facts in regard to
the war have been given in tho papers, but here they
Are furnished in a form for preservation, and in their
Proper connection, so that the causes and effects of the
different movements are readily understood. The
‘author's description of Italy and {ts political divisions
—tho power, territory and importance of each, is par-
oularly interesting, For sale by the publishers,
Books Received.
Discoveries in
ses, and Numerous
IHustrations, By G.
of the “Collegiate Schoo aee
‘Lessons in Com,
athor of First,
position, ete., etc. = 450.
New York: D. Appleton & Go. Rollei ue)
Hat, General Agent, iad
Lire or Cot. Dayip Cgockerr, Written by Himsels,—
Comprisi Ad
Bervices under. Gen. Jackson in far are
W
rane ia een. Byte ae
© Editor,
imo—pp. 405] Philadelphia: @: G. »
Tae Yor tur Prorie. By the Rey. Hvou Stew-
W's glorious:
tt defence of Texan In
rows, of Liverpool. ‘First Series, —with a
Biographical Introducti Dr. SmmLTON MAckex-
nk Pea aeag aaa be De Ras MCT
Kixp Woxns rox Curuozex, to Guide them in th
ie of Peace. Rey. Hanver Newoomus, author
How to bea ” “ How to be a Lady,” “The
t and the Reapers,” etc. Boston: Goul
Lincoln, “Rochester—Apius & Danser ross &
fling at his opponent by thanking heaven that he
is not like yonder Publican, For the benefit of
such portrait painters, I will record an apposite
anecdote of Mirabeau, premising that his face was
deeply indented with the small-pox. Anxious to
be put in nomination for the National Assembly,
he made a long sjlech to the voters, minutely
pointing out the precise requisites that a proper
and efficient member ought to possess, and, of
course, drawing as accurate a likeness as possible
of himself. He was answered by Talleyrand, who
contented himself with the following short speech :
“Tt appears to me, gentlemen, that M. de Mira-
beau has omitted to state the most important of all
the legislative qualifications, and I will supply his
deficiency by impressing upon your attention, that
a perfectly unobjectionable member of the Assem-
bly ought, sbove all things, to be very much
marked with the small-pox.” Talleyrand got the
laugh, which in France always carried the election.
—" The Tin Trumpet,” by Pau Cuatererp, M.D.
Adversity a Blessing.
Apvensiry is very often a blessing in disguise,
which by detaching us from earth and drawing us
towards heaven, gives us, in the assurance of last-
ing joys, an abundant recompense for the loss of
transient ones. ‘‘ Whom the Lord loveth he chas-
teneth.” Many a man in losing his fortune has
found himself, and been ruined ixto salvation; for
though God demands the whole heart, which we
could not give him when we shared it with the
world, be will never reject the broken one, which
we offer him in our hour of sadness and reverse.
Misfortunes are moral bitters, which frequently
restore the healthy tone of the mind, after it has
been cloyed and sickened by the sweets of pros-
perity. The spoilt children of the world, like
their juvenile namesakes, are generally a source of
unhappiness to others, without being happy in
themselyes.—Jbid.
Education in China,
Tue boys commence their studies at six or
seven years of age. In China there is no royal
road to learning, but every boy, whatever his rank,
takes the same class-book and submits to the samo
training. The school room is a low shed, or a
back room in some temple, or some attic in some
shop where each boy is supplied with a table and
astool, and the teacher has a more elevated seat
and a larger table. In the corner of the room is a
tablet or picture of Confucius, before which each
pupil prostrates himself on entering the room, and
then makes his obeisance to his teacher. He then
brings his book to the teacher, who repeats over a
sentence or more to the pupil, and he goes to bis
place repeating the same at the top of his voice till
he oan repeat it from memory, when he returns to
his teacher, and laying his book on the teacher’s
table, turns his back upon both book and teacher
and repeats his lesson. This is called backing his
lesson. In this way he goes through the volume
till he can back the whole book; then another,
then another, till he can back a list of the clas-
sies. The boys in the school, to the number of ten
to twenty, each gothrough the same process, com-
ing up in turn to back their lesson, and he that
has 9 defective recitation receives a blow on the
head from the master’s ferule of bamboo, and
returns to his seat to perfect his lesson. The
school teachers are usually unsuccessful candidates
for preferment 8nd office, who, not having babits
for business or a disposition to Isbor, turn peda-
gogues. They receive from each of the pupils a
given sum proportioned to the means of the
parents, and varying from three to ten or twelve
dollars a year from each pupil, and perhaps in
addition an occasional gift of fruits or food.
The schools are opened at early dawn, and the
boys study till nine or ten o'clock, when they go
to breakfast, and after an hour or so return and
study till four or five o'clock in the afternoon, and
then retire for the day. In winter they some-
times have a lesson in the evening.
The first book is called the Trimetrical Classic,
which all Chinese boys begin with, and which
some of their commentators have called a passport
into the regions of classical and historical litera-
ture. We should as soon think of putting a copy
of Young’s Night Thoughts into the hands of a
beginner with the expectation of seeing him mas-
terit. These young Celestials are not expected,
however, to understand what they read, but simply
to memorise, and occasionally write out some
more simple character, and perhaps after two or
three years’ reading and memorising, they begin
to study the sentiments of the author. The sons
of tradesmen and mechanics seldom study long
enough to master the classics, but gain a smatter-
ing of books, and learn to read and write the Jan-
guage sufficient to keep accounts, and gain a little
knowledge of mathematics, when their education
is ended. Such boys, and they constitute no small
portion of school boys in China, as they grow up,
retain the sound of many characters, but are
unable to explain the meaning of a page in any
common book. Three or four years of schooling
forms the sum of their education, and that is insuf-
ficient to give any one a practical knowledge of
their written language.—‘‘ Zhe China Mission,”
by Wii114am Dean, D. D.
THE BANK OF ENGLAND,
“Tue buildings cover about three acres of ground.
Many of its rooms are copied from the classic
models of Greeceand Rome, The employees num-
ber about one thousand. Several of the officers
reside in the bank. The notes redeemed each day
are checked, canceled and put away in boxes.
After keeping them ten years they are burned.
The accumulations of the last ten years, now in the
vaults of the bank, amount to three thousand mil-
lions of pounds ; and yet any one of these notes
can be referred to in a minute, and the history of
its issue and its return given. The bank does all
its own printing, and several presses are kept
busy. Everything is done by machinery—the note
is not touched by the pen before it goes out, I
held in my hand, yesterday, one note for a million
of sovereigns!
In the bullion-room ingots of gold were piled up
like cords of wood, and silver bars in vast moun-
tains. The machines for detecting light coin, and
for cutting them, are exceedingly curious and yet
simple. Every banker's deposit is weighed, and
all the light pieces cut nearly in two and returned
next day. The system of the bank is as perfect
and exact as clock-work. And yet in spite of all
precaution, some small forgery is almost daily de-
tected, But since the great forgery committed by
Axtell, for £360,000, the bank bas not lost any very
heavy sums; although in 1822 capital punishment
for the crime was abolished, when the ‘old fogies’
predicted that everybody ‘hard up’ would turn
forger.
In the specie department of the bank there are
bags and boxes of sovereigns and half-sovereigns
enough to make a miser mad; there are mountains
of mint drops, for which millions are sighing, and
lying, and perpetrating all conceivable crimes! I
was asked to lift a big bag of sovereigns, and for
once, I must confess, I felt 8 sovereign disgust for
money.”— Col, Fuller.
_———e
OUR COUNTRY—NOW AND THEN.
Ercuty-tongs years ago, when the fifty-two
signers of the Declaration of Independence, “ap-
pealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the
rectitude of their intentions,” declared “that
these United Colonies are, and of right ought to
be, free and independent States,” but few of the
most sanguine of that day dreamed of the extent
and greatness which their country would attain
in the comparatively brief space of three-fourths
of acentury. yen there were thirteen sparsely
populated colonies; now we have thirty-three
powerful States, and several large Territories on
the threshold of membership. The following
Statistics, showing the means and degrees by
which the great Empire of the West has been
reared, will be read with thrilling interest by every
American citizen:
Under General Washington's administration the
following new States were admitted:—Vermont,
in 1791; Kentucky, in 1792; Tennessee, in 1790.
Under Thomas Jefferson's administration, the
following new State and Territory were added to
the Union:—Ohio, in 1802; Louisiana, purchased
in 1804. Each contained space enough for fifteen
States. This purchase gaye to the United States
the entire control of the Mississippi, the south of
which had hitherto been in the hands of a foreign
power. Territorial governments were organized
in Mississippi, Indiana and Louisiana.
Under James Madison's administration, the fol-
iJowing addition was made to the confederacy :—
Indiana, in 1816.
During the Presidency of James Monroe, the
following new States were admitted into the Union:
Mississippi, in 1817; Lllinois, in 1819; Missouri,
in 1820; Maine, in 1820; Florida, purchased in
1821.
Under the Presidency of General Andrew Jack-
son, the following States were admitted :—Michi-
gan, in 1836; Arkansas, in 1838.
During the Presidency of James K. Polk, the
“I CAN'T DO IT.”
Yes you can. Zhy,—try hard, try often, and
you will accomplish it. Yield to every discour-
aging circumstance and you will do nothing noble
or great. Try, and you will do wonders. You
will be astonished at yourself, and your advance-
ment in whatever you undertake. “J can't” has
ruined many a man; has been the tomb of bright
expectations and ardent hopes. Let “ 7 will try”
be your motto in whatever you undertake, and if
you press onward steadily, you will accomplish
your object, and come off victorious.
St Jerome, 0. W., Aug., 1859. Ropest Suaw.
AUTUMN.
following new States were admitted :—Texas, in
1845; Iowa, in 1845; Florida, 1845; Wisconsin,
in 1845; California was bought; New Mexico and
Utah bought.
Under the administration of Taylor and Fill-
more, the following State was admitted :—Califor-
nia, in 1850. The following Territories were or-
ganized :—New Mexico, Utah, and Washington,
Under Gen. Pierce's administration the follow-
ing Territories were organized :—Nobraska and
Kansas; Arizona purchased.
Under James Buchanan's administration, the
following States were admitted :—Minnesota, in
1858; Oregon, in 1859,—Soientific American.
—————_+e-+—_____
Saqaciry or A Honse.— A very curious, though
not uncommon, instance of sagacity in that ani-
mal, came under observation lately, in the crowded
neighborhood of Long Lane, Bermonsey. The
London Review says :—‘‘A cart horse in harness,
whilst its byno means careful keeper was solacing
himself in a low public house, started off at a
pretty brisk trot down the lane. Happening to
come to a group of children, one of whom, a baby
not more than three years old, stunfbled and fell,
the animal deliberately stopped, placed the child
out of the way with his teeth, and continued his
course as if nothing had occurred. But his phi-
lanthropic propensities did not stop here—for,
meeting with a similar group, he repeated the
action, after which, as if fearful of committing
some mischief, he quietly suffered himself to be
caught and led back.”
To ConzesronpENts.—In answor to {inquiries on the
subject we would state that all Enigmas, Problems, &o.,
should be accompanied by the real names of the authors
and correct solutions In order to receive attention—that
we charge just nothing for publication of any correct
and proper contributions, but reject all matters of an
advertising, or personally glorifying tendenoy. “A
word to the wise,” &o,
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA.
I am composed of 23 letters, ,
My 16, 8, 13, 4, 9, 16 was king of Spain.
My 21 14, 5, 2i, 14 is a vegetable.
My 14, 2, 15, 8, 28, 0, 14, 16, 6, 3, 18 ts a bird.
My 10, 8, 12, 21, 15 is & Jady’s pame,
My 20,8, 6, 18, 17 is a very useful article of farnitare,
My 16, §, 2, 3, 21 1s a man’s pame,
My 11, 5, 22, 18 is a boy’s plaything.
My 8, 21, 17, 19, 18 is a domestic quadruped.
My 19, 20, 13, 16, 9, 21 was a celebrated Roman general.
My 7, 21, 19, 10, 21, 1 Is one of the moat celebrated cities
in Europe.
My whole was a distinguished historian.
Watertown, N. Y., 1859. Many E, Brounr.
eB Answer in two weeks,
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
PROBLEM.
A tapr had a circular dripper which would hold a
certain number of cakes, cach 55-100 inchos in diameter,
very nearly, How many cakes would it Fagin d ‘of
Was the diameter of her dripper! What
the dripper was unoccupied by the cakes
Granger, Alleg. Co,, N. ¥., 1809. @. I Cpe.
27 Answer in two weeks
—_——
ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS, &c., IN No. 505,
Answer to Miscellaneous Enigma :—A catin gloves
catches so mice
Geographical Enigms :—Constantinople,
reat Bere ematical Problem :—$923 5100.
‘Anawer to Algebraical Problem :—@64. ¥
Tue rosy hours of Summer are past, the clouds
look heavy, the rain begins to fall. Solemnly the
rough and uneven wind passes through the boughs
that overhang the old cottage, with its mournful
sound. It brings back to recollection the absence
of loved friends that we have greeted under the
same roof, especially those loved ones that are
sleeping beneath the faded flowers and the with-
ered grass of Summer. They are gone like the
Summer, never to return.
Bxperience prompts us to begin to provide for
winter, which seems impatient of delay. The
winter is a blessing—a time for the improvement
of our minds—a time when we should view the
past year’s labors, that we may know how to im-
prove the next. In the hurrying time of Autumn
just begun, let us pause and say farewell to the
past beautiful Summer.
Alleneyille, Ind., 1859. 8. IL Oo,
A SKETCH.
In a beautiful vale was a girl so fair that tho
lilies blooming there ceuld not compare with
her in beauty—her song so sweet that even angels
bring their harps and bend to listen te her music;
and her heart was tender as her song. One day
as she strayed amidst the beauty of her loved
yale, there came to her an angel of pale counte-
nance and stern look, and said to her, ‘‘ Maiden,
leaye thy fair home; come to the valley of Death;
thither goI.” And she followed him, weeping.
The valley was cold, and dark, and drear—no
flower bloomed in beauty there—all were pale,
faded ones, And the beautiful maiden wept, The
pale angel pitied her, for she wept. So, he drew
before her eyes a silver band, and she did not see
the mist nor the darkness. Still she did weep—
for she was blind. The angel pitied her, and he
drew his icy fingers over her heart-strings, bind-
ing them fast; eo fast that she could not feel
sorrow.
Then she lay so sti//—so pale—the angel pitied
her, for she was dead,—and he knocked upon a
gate, high and broad, and of pure pearl. Respon-
sive to the angel’s call it opened wide. Then
spake he to the fair maid, ‘Maiden awake; lo!
here's thy home; a Zemple more beautiful than
Taessaty’s fair vale. The maiden awoke, caught
up the song that angel’s sing, passed through the
gate of pearl, and ever more in a land of glorious
beauty blessed the angel Death, Bussie Day,
Hillsdale, Mich., Aug., 1859.
Niaur has its song. Have you ever stood by the
sea at night, and heard the pebbles sing and the
waves chant God’s glories? Or have you ever
risen from your couch and thrown up the window
of your chamber and listened? Listened to what?
Silence, save now and then @murmuring sound,
which seems sweet music then, Haye you not
fancied that you heard the harp of God playing in
heayen? Did you not conceive that yon stars,
that those eyes of God looking down on you, were
also mouths of song; that every star was singing
of its Almighty Maker, as it shone, and his lawful,
well-deserved praise which are loud to the heart,
though they be silent to the ear.
Power or Ixtecniry.—Reproaches haye no pow-
er to afflict the man of unblemished integrity, or
the abandoned profligate. It is the middle com-
pound character which is alone miserable; the
man who without firmness enough to avoid a dis-
honorable uction, has feeling enough to be ashamed
of it— Selected,
Laziness begins in cobwebs, and ends in iron
chains.
Two Maxnis vor Yours.—Do everything in its
proper time. Kesr everything in its place.
I
ROCHESTER, N, Y., SEPTEMBER 24, 1859.
DOMESTIC NEWS.
Matters at Washington.
Tr is said the failure of the treaty between Mex-
ieo and the United States was owing to the respec-
tive differences relatiye to the clause for the pro-
tection of the right of way proposed to be given to
this Government—the latter elaiming to be the
best judge when such protection should be under-
token by itself, and the Juarez Government hold-
ing the right that it should be exercised only in
the event of Mexico being incompetent, and after
application for that purpose.
Further reliable advices from Vera Cruz, dated
August 81st, state that the Constitutional Govern-
ment had paid the fall amount of the French claim
out of the customs, being one of fourteen hundred
thousand dollars, This money came into the
hands of N. Gabriel, the French Minister, who had
failed to distribute it in the manner provided in
the Constitution. There was reason to believe in
official quarters that he intended to inyest it in a
private enterprise with Miramon. Much indigna-
tion continues to be expressed against him by the
French residents.
The State Department has received information
from our Minister at Berlin that Christian Earnest,
an American and naturalized citizen, who had
been compelled by force to enter the Moravian
army, had, upon the remonstrance of the United
States government, been discharged from service,
Howeyer much our Goyernment may be im-
pressed with the truth that the island of San Juan
belongs to us, there appears to be no doubt but
that the Government of Great Britain and the
United States will instruct their agents to act with
the utmost circumspection, in view of asatisfactory
adjastment of the existing differences, It will be
recollected that Secretary Marcy, four years ago,
said that the title onght to have been settled before,
Either party should exclude the other by force, or
by the exercise of complete and extensive sovereign
rights within the disputed points. This was the
substance of his letter to Mr. Crampton, at tliat
time representing Her Majesty’s Government, and
to which much importanceis now attached. From
all that can be ascertained in well informed cir-
cles, it is reasonable to infer that no serious diffi-
culties are likely to result between the two
countries. Ifany danger at all is apprehended, it
is oonsequence of the well known intrepid charac-
ter of Gen. Harney. Col. Hawkins, of the British
army, on the 13th inst., brought dispatches con-
cerning the dispute, to the British legation, and
then left for New York to take passage for England,
with dispatches from Gov. Douglass to Her Mojes-
ty’s Government on the same subject,
Gen. Scott left Washington on the 16th for New
York, and will sail on the 20th for the Pacific,
The present delicate and complicated state of
affairs at San Juan, growing out of Gen. Harney's
movements, require great care and caution on the
part of our Government to prevent a collision,
The Cabinet, in conference with Gen. Scott in re-
gard to the matter, suggested the propriety of
sending some one there who was less impetuous
and more prudent than Gen. Harney. Gen. Scott
at once informed the President that he would 20,
and that os soon ashis instructions were prepared
he would be ready to start,
Personal and Political.
Tne Democracy of New York met in Convention
at Syracuse on the 14th inst., for the purpose of
putting in nomination a ticket to be supported at
the coming election. The attendance was exceed-
ingly large, and the Proceedings anything but
harmonious. After considerable discussion, and
Something that very much resembled a general
old fashioned row, the following ticket was nomi-
mated by one section of the party;
For Scorctary of State—David R, F. Jones, of
Queens. For Comptroller—Sanford E. Church, of
Orleans. For Attorney General—Lyman Tremain,
of Albany, For State Engineer and Surveyor—V.
R. Richmond, of Wayne. For State Treasurer—
Isaac V.Vanderpoel, of Erie, For Canal Commis-
sioner—W. I. Skinner, of Herkimer. Foy State
Prison Inspector—Nobie 8, Elderkin, of St. Law-
rence. For Judgeof Court of Appeals—Alexander
8, Johnson, of Albany. For Clerk of Court of
Appeals—John L, Lewis, Jr., of Yates,
The ticket belonging to the other section was
Similar, except for Clerk of Court of Appeals, for
which position Edward Timpson, of New York
city, was chosen, Mr. T. resigned, and the ticket
was finally adopted as aboye.
‘The following State Committee was appointed :—
Ist District, W.D. Kennedy, New York; Peter 3.
Sweeney, New York; 2d, Aaron Ward, Westches-
ter; James Craig, Kings; ad, Peter Cagger, Al-
bany; F.C. Laflin, Ulster; 4th, R. H. Cushney,
Montgomery; R. G. Stone, Clinton; 5th, J. Stryker,
Oneida; W. Johnson, Oswego; 6th, H. Hubbard,
Chenango; H, A. Beebe, Tioga; 7th, L, A. Ward,
Steuben; E, P, Ross, Cayuga; Sth, Dean Richmond,
Genesee; A. P. Laning, Erie.
tesa of the Hon. T, L, Harris, of Mlinois,
Scancy in the next Congress. Goy. Bissell
has issued a Proclamation for s ‘
& special ti
to be held on the sth of Waraaken ecial election,
Tae Hunterdon Republican, published 3
ington, the residence of Co}, Clark, the rede
American” nominee for Governor of New Jersey,
says Col. Clark received the official announcement
at Camden, for the first time, on Friday last, and
that on the same day he addressed a letter to the
Chairman of the Committe appointed to inform
him sthagegpaten, declining to be a candidate
of that :
__ Tue Democrats of Massachusetts held a State
Convention at Worcester on the 15th inst, The
State ticket nominated is as follows:—Governor—
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
Benjamin F. Batler, of Lowell. Lieut. Governor—
8S. C. Bemis, of Springfield. Secretary of State—
Samuel W. Bowen, of Adams. Zreasurer—Geo.
Demarest, Auditor —James E. Easterbrook, of
Worcester. Attorney General—D. H. Mason, of
Dedham. The Convention was quite harmonious.
Tu spnval election for Governor and members
of the State Legislature of Maine, took place on
the 12th inst. Lot M. Morrill, the present Gover-
nor, was the Republican candidate, and Mannas-
aah H. Smith the Democratic nominee. The re-
turns indicate the re-election of Governor Morrill,
and an increased Republican supremacy in the
State over last year.
Tue Republicans of Wisconsin have put in nom-
ination the following ticket:—G@overnor—A. W.
Randall, of Waukesha. Lieut. Governor—B. G.
Noble, of Walworth. Secretary of State—L. P.
Harvey, of Rock. Zreasurer—S. D. Hastings, of
Trempeleau, Attorney General—James H. Howe,
of Brown. Lank Comptroller—G. Van Steenwyk,
of Columbia. Slate Prison Commissioner—Tans
Heg, of Racine. Superintendent of Public Instruc-
tion—G. 8. Pickard, of Grant
News Paragraphs.
Linenta dates to July 12th have been received.
The President, embarking on the new war vessel,
Quail, had gone to visit some of the more distant
settlements, Forty-two emigrants, of the McDon-
ough household, had arrived from New Orleans,
Public and business affairs were advancing favor-
ably.
Iw the Theological Seminary connected with the
Illinois State Universety, are fourteen Scandina-
vian young men, preparing for the Lutheran
ministry, viz.:—One Dane, five Swedes, and eight
Norwegians. They ore under the charge of Pastor
Ebsjorn, Professor of Theology and Scandinavian
languages and literature.
Ar Old Point Comfort, a party of United States
soldiers are trying to wear out a gun weighing
15,000 pounds. Ié is loaded with 10 pounds of
powder, and carries a ball weighing 128 pounds.
It has already been fired more than a thousand
times. Near it are two guns which were fired
2,500 times at Pittsburg. The object of the firing
is to test the durability of the iron, and the gun
will be discharged until it becomes useless.
Wx. Owney, of Southampton county, Va., died
a few days since, aged one hundred years and five
months. He was engaged inthe battle of Brandy-
wine, and also at Petersburg, Va,, when Arnold
paid that town a visit. The old soldier had neyer
taken medicine in his life, and in his last illness
positively refused to have it administered.
Donixa the present season, six steamers baye
been totally lost on the Missouri river; the
Monongahela, W. ©. Sombart, Sallie West,
Kate Howard, Morning Star, and D. S, Garter.
Some of these boats were nearly new; and the
loss aggregates over two hundred thousand dollars,
Ar Sidney Davis’ clothing establishment in
Bangor, a spring gun is set at night for the benefit
of burglars, but on Wednesday morning a care-
less clerk forgot the concealed weapon and receiy-
ed a charge of shot in one of his legs.
Tar telegraph is now so extensively used for
correspondence that the revenue of the post-office
department is a million dollars less annually than
it would otherwise be.
Tne fight with the Mohave Indians by Mojor
Armistead was a rather serious affair, The In-
dians came running up, yelling and whooping,
and charged fearlessly, the bravest of them com-
ing up to within ten or fifteen yards of the muz-
zles of the rifles; these, however, paid dearly for
their temerity, the steady and well-directed fire
of the men held them in check, when, after thirty
minutes bard fighting, Major A. ordered the com-
pany to charge them, which was done. The In-
dians broke in every direction, perfectly discom-
fited; not a yell or sound of any kind was to be
heard from them after this; the victory was com-
plete. It is supposed that some fifty or sixty In-
dians were killed. Of the Major's force three men
were slightly wounded.
Tue Milwaukee Sentinel gives the names of 101
newspapers, English and German, published in
Wisconsin, and adds:—The aggregate weekly
issues of these papers is over 80,000, and we are
assured that the three or nearly four million copies
that form the grand total every year are printed
on materials made in the State, four-fifths of all
the paper being manufactured in Wisconsin.
Ox Friday week the Brooklyn post-office was
entered and nearly five hundred letters were open-
ed, and about $3,000 purloined, as was ascertained
from the rifled envelopes strewed upon the floor.
More may have taken, but only that amount had
been ascertained. No clue has yet been discover-
ed to the robbers.
Tr may be a curious fact for some of our readers
to know that the regular weekly consumption of
flour in this city is fifty thousand barrels, or a
little over seven thousand barrels perday. Sosays
the N. Y. Sun.
A Wasninoron dispatch contains a rumor that
the recent Costa Rican Revolution was in a great
measure the work of the British Minister, Sir
Wn. Gore Ouseley, who had fuiled to gain Presi-
dent Mora’s assent to a treaty proposed to him.
Ix 4n article upon diamonds, in Harper's Mag-
azine, it is stated that the best quality of silex,
which enters into the composition of the admira-
ble imitations of diamonds made in Paris, is found
in Rhode Island, and is exported to France for that
purpose.
A wamsorn balloon is being made in New York
bya Mr. Lowe. He is going to try to cross the
Atlantic, and expects to reach London in forty-
eight hours.
Tereorapo TO CALIFORNIA AND Uran.— Ar-
rangements are in progress for the extension of a
line of telegraph from St. Louis to Fort Smith,
500 miles on the overland route to Califernia, and
also from St. Louis to Atchison and Utah. This
will give us California news three or four days
earlier than now, and news of events in Utah and
Kansas the same day they occur.
Japanese Marrers.— We have news dated on
the 5th of June from Japan, The Emperor had
—
ordered that the cities of Jeddo, Nagasaki, Simoda
aod Hakodadi should be united by telegraph, and
a line was being built from Jeddo too his summer
residence. All the vessels of the Imperial fleet
were be to turned into steam propellers, and one
of them, the Niphon, had already left on a voyage
of discovery manned by a native crew, and native
engineers. An American having discovered o
copper mine, was permitted to work it on promise
to divide the proceeds with the government,
Sawine Macuives—Although this useful inven-
tion has been widely advertised and talked about,
few people realize into what general use they have
come. Here and in England itis computed that
no less than 200 different patents have been grant-
ed, and that 1,500 or 1,600 are sold weekly, at
prices ranging from $5 to $500, and that the whole
number in use is near 150,000.
Frost axp SNow ry NontuEaw New Yorx.—The
frost of the 14th inst, did its work thoroughly in
Chateaugay ond vicinity. Potatoes and all other
vines were cut to the ground. The degree of cold
was s0 great as to form a hard crust on the ground.
There were snow and hail storms.
Inisnh Reaurrances Home.—It is authoritatively
stated that the amount of money remitted home
by Irishmen, residents in America, the last year,
for the purpose of assisting their friends to
immigrate, was $2,360,000. The ten preceding
years the amount remitted was $48,680,000,
Inp1an Massacre.—The Utah papers furnish an
account of another massacre of a party of emi-
grants by indians. The affair happened July 24th
on Raft river, Oregon, where the emigrants were
attacked by Shoshones and his men, and one
woman of the emigrants killed and seven wound-
ed, (some notexpected to live) The Indians then
robbed the wagons of $1,700 in money, and drove
off a large quantity of their stock. The attacking
Indians were the same party who were recently
severely chastised by troops under Lieut. Gray.
Foxton’s Vorace—The Albany Journal says :—
“The Dean of Ripon, in England, has very recently
died. By his decease, the Hon, Jobn Q. Wilson,
of this city, becomes the last survivor of the party
of cabin passengers who accompanied Robert Ful-
ton in his first steamboat journey from New York
to Albany. The Dean was afterwards remembered
in this country, the degree of Doctor of Laws hay-
ing been conferred on him by Columbia College,
on motion of Bishop Wainwright. When the
Persia had its trial trip, this gentleman was one of
the specially invited guests, as having been asso-
ciated with the earliest successful steam voyage.
Between the equipment of the North River and
that of the Great Eastern, is a development of an
invention which, not often in the world’s history,
it is given to one life to witness.”
Suazp Practice upon Femares.—One of the
most successful and meanest efforts at rascality
that was ever heard of was brought to light on the
7th inst. in New York, From the revelations it
appears that a shaper, Hamed Williams, in Phila-
delphis, advertised for # number of young ladies
to go South to fill situallons as teachers of music,
Fifteen young women were accepted by the adver-
tiser. They were to have remunerative employ-
ment in the families of wealthy Southern planters,
and in eyery respect their future prospects were of
the most flattering description. It was simply
stipulated by the advertiser that the ladies should
defray in part their expenses to their respective
destinations, On arriving in New York, en route
for the South, the sharper took charge of the bag-
gage of the ladies, collected from them about one
hundred and fifty dollars for their fare in the
steamship, and while they were waiting patiently
at the hotel for him to conduct them on board, he
decamped with his plunder, His race was a
short one, however, being overhauled at Washing-
ton, and he is now safely lodged in jail in New
York city. It is to be hoped that he will meet just
punishment,—a few years in the State Institution
at Auburn is what he richly merits,
FOREIGN NEWS.
Great Brirarn.—The report was in circulation
at Gibraltar on the 27th of August, that the Em-
peror of Morocco was dead, and that a serious
affray had taken place on the Island of Ceuta,
between the Spaniards and Moors. Troops were
called out. Seven thousand Moors had collected,
and at last accounts these parties were in a fight
on the 26th, and several were killed on both sides,
The English mail steamer Indus was fired on
twice from the Spanish fort at Tarifa, on the 27th
of August, while her ensign was flying, At the
second fire a large round shot fell within 60 yards
of the steamer,
It is suggested in the London papers that the
firing on the steamer Indus, from Tarifa, waa for
the purpose of learning the state of affuira at
Ceuta.
Francx.—The Paris telegram of Friday, says
the French Government has instructed Turkey
that France would support the Suez Canal project.
A letter from Paris says the Queen of Spain
had sent to the various Courts of Europe a protest
against the eviction of her cousin from Parma,
Cols. Charras and Barber refused the Emperor's
amnesty—the former in a furious invective against
Napoleon.
The Newfoundland mail at Paris brought the
announcemement of a full triumph of the French
Admiralty over the English, in the question con-
cerning the fisheries,
A Paris letter says there is no doubt that the
Zurich Conference will disagree about many points
touching the peace of Villa Franca, and the opinion
is growing stronger every day that a Congress may
be held.
At a mecting of the Zurich Plenipotentiaries on
the 1st of September, the regulation of the Lom-
bardian frontiers and separation of the civil and
ecclesiastical jurisdiction was discussed,
It was reported at Paris on Thursday that Met-
ternich, the Austrian Ambassador, was about to
leave on a visit to Vienna.
Uneasiness was felt in Paris on account of the
Zurich Conferences, and rentes declined,
Avsrria.—Adyices from Vienna state that Aus-
tria had decided to discount that portion of the
Austrian debt which is to be apportioned to Lom-
bardy, and also sell the public domaing.
Iravy.—Adrices from Italy state that the people
are becoming impatient at the inactivity of the
Zurich Conference, and the various *ontradictory
Teports, touching their doings, algo state that
Piedmont demands from Austria the cession of
Mantua and Peschiera.
The first National Assembly of the Romagna
was opened at Bologna, Sept. 1st, by the Governor
General, who, in a speech, congratulated the peo-
ple on the alacrity with which they had hastened
to the electoral districts to record their votes. He
had, he said, provided for the defense of the ecoun-
try against aggressions from all sides, by forming
4 league with the neighboring States.
A letter from Bologna states that at the popular
elections the priests deposited their votes as freely
as the citizens, and the result was an immense
mojority in favor of the liberal party, which gocs
Sgainst the establishment, on apy conditions, of the
temporal power of the Pope. The aristocracy was
at the head of the moyement,
The finances of Romagna were in excellent con-
dition, and there was no doubt that the new gov-
ernment would be able to go on without a loan,
Since the overthrow of the temporal power of
the Pope, the banditti and the smugglers, who bad
infested the Romagna, had entirely disappeared,
Rossra.— Advices from Russia state that the
expedition into Daghestan had been completely
successful. A company bad been formed in St.
Petersburgh for the construction of the Commer-
cial Fort there on a Jarge scale. The government
had ordered three corps de armie, under Prince
Gortschakoff, to be placed on a peace footing.
Spary.—Accounts from Madrid state that Spain
had withdrawn ber Consul from Tangier, and de-
cided to demand satisfaction at Morocco for ovt-
rages at Ceuta, Orders had been given for the
formation of an expeditionary corps of 10,000 men.
Later advices from Madrid state that Gen. Pitt
will command the expedition fitting out against
the Moors,
A cyclone passed over Calcutta on the 25th of
July, and 46 vessels, including two steamers, were
lost in the river Hoogly. Immense damage wes
done on shore, and many lives were lost. No par-
ticulars.
Clippings from Foreign Journals.
Four crossea of the Legion of Honor were
bestowed by Louis Napoleon on the Paris Press on
the occasion of the grand fete. The Emperor's
well known antipathy to newspapers precludes
the idea that the French press has been “crossed
in love,”
Tue coal consumed in Manchester, Eogland, and
its environs, for motive steam power, is 80,000 tuns
per day, and is equal in power to 1,200,000 horses.
The trans-Atlantic steamers consume 700,000 tuns
per year, and in the manufacture of gas 10,000,000
tuns per year. Itis estimated that England alone
could furnish coal enovgh for the consumption of
the whole of Europe for 4,000 years.
Tue latest Hoglish Court gossip is that the Duke
of Rutland has offered marriage to Princess Mary,
sister of the Duke of Cambridge, who had accepted
him; but that the head of the family, viz.: the
Queen, forbids the match. Both parties arrived at
“years of discretion,” years ago, but Princesses,
Jess fortunate than dairymaids, cannot marry the
man of their choice. It is stated to be the settled
policy of the Crown to have no marriages in the
Royal Family except with other Royal Families.
Lxicu Hunt, the veteran essayist and poet, is
dead, at the age of 75. He was the intimate per-
sonal friend of Lamb, Coleridge, Hazlett, Shelley,
Keats and Wordsworth. He was for many years
editor of the London Examiner, and its liberal
tone drew on him the persecution of the Govern-
ment. The two Hunts were prosecuted and sen-
tenced to pay a fine of £500, which the costs of the
defence made o sum of £2,000, and to be impris-
oned two years in Horsemonger Jail. After his
connection with the Examiner was broken off, he
engaged in numerous literary enterprises, and
wrote books, more or less of which are to be found
in every library. Te was a genial and discrimi-
nating critic, and one of the most chatty and
agreeable of English essayists. In 1847, Queen
Victoria, perhaps as an atonement for the perse-
cutions he had endured from her uncle, granted
him a pension of £200 per annum.
Wuen railways were in their infancy in England
it was supposed that they would injure the estates
through which or near which they ran, and the
English Cabinet Minister, Mr. Laboucherd’s father,
received the compensation of $150,000 for an imagi-
nary detriment of this sort. After his death, his
gon, finding that there was no injury to the estate
from the vicinity of the railway, but to the con-
trary, refunded the $150,000.
Tax London Advertiser gives the following curi-
ous news in its Paris correspondence :—Engineers
have been sent to Cologne to survey the whole line
of posts, thence to Calais, that they may fix ona
spot for the formation of a seaport sufliciently
specious to contain a fleet of fifty transports, and
the Minister of Marine had notified his subalterns
that fifty transports, each capable of containing
2,000 men, must be ready and waiting on the coast
opposite Dover, by the commencement of the en-
suing year. The writer says that this statement
reposes on excellent authority, and that full confi-
dence of its authenticity has been telegraphed to
the Dnglish Government. He throws out the con-
jecture that the French altercations with Belgium
will supply a pretext for a rupture with England.
This story was regarded as a ridiculous ‘‘ canard.”
Ne A SF SE
Osirvany,—We regret to announce the death of
Mr. Revsen B. Wasnen, of Alobama, Genesee Co.,
known to many of our readers as an enthusiastic
amateur Horticulturist, and an ardent friend and
promoter of Rural Improvement, Mr, W, died on
Saturday last, after a brief illness, at the age of 88
years, He was highly esteemed, and will be sin-
cerely lamented.
— The telegraph announces that C. H. Wiruar,
Eaq,, one of the most respectable and wealthy
citizens of Suspension Bridge, was drowned there
on Saturday last. Mr. W. waso most carnest and
influential friend of the Runax and its objects, and
an estimable citizen, He was between fifty and
sixty years of age,
Ghe News Condenser,
— Horeo railroads are about i ee fato
Milwaukee, me
—A puir twins were born tn the
one day last week.
— Three smart shoeke of earthquake ocoured at Payal
en the 25th of May,
— Atthe last aecounts Grecley was om a visit to Col
Fremont, im Galiferaia.
—A Biberian lynx was Jatcly eaptared om Moun
Hayes, New Hampshire,
— Personal.—Jack Frost 1s now making a tour tate
the lowlands of New England.
— The swallows disappeared from the vicinity of
Boston this year on the 5th inst
— The U. 8. Treasury is rapidly Teoovering from the
effects of the late Qoancial crisis,
— Lamartine has had a house granted to himecif aad
family for life by the elty of Paris,
— Gen. Beott has been called to Washington far eon-
aultaion upon the San Juan affair,
— Rarey, the horse-tamer, bas got the Lendon cay-
alry under his charge ata good price,
— Prof. Agassiz 1a on bis way having embarked at
Liverpool on the 10th inst, for Boston.
— Bears are beeoming eommon among the menntsing
of Western Pennsylvania and Virginia,
— Paulsen is about visiting New York to eballengo
Paul Morphy to a match game of chess,
— The upper Mississipp! and Minnesota are so low
that all the large boats have been withdrawn,
— The recent fire at Halifax is said to have destroyed
Property to the amount of one million dollars.
— The fortifications of Dover, England, are about te
be enlarged at an estimated expense of £150,000,
— Water frozo at Palmer (Mass) on Sunday night
of last week fo the thickness of an eighth of am ineh,
—The area of China proper is wearly two mililem
square miles—about one-half as much as all Eurepe,
rs, Bear Boston,
— The issuing of passports 0 foreign countries has
fallen off neerly one-half from the rate of last spring.
—A monument, or some other tribute of remem-
Dwanee, is proposed for Horace Mann. He deseryos ik
— A New York correspondent says that ten milllons
ofvhooped skirts are manofactured in that city per year,
— Tho returns from the Jate election show thal Texas
contains a yoting population of above seventy thou-
sand.
— The Monroe (Wis.) State Rights acknowledges the
receipt of three ripe ga grown by Mre, Phelps, of that
place.
—Incendiaries are still at work in Lexington, Ky.
Last week a church and stable was fired by the mis
creante,
— The harvest in Spain was not so abundant as an-
tieipnted, but sufficient for the eonsumption of the
country.
— As much as five hundred barrels of of) hayo been
scooped up from the water alnce the recent fire at New
Bedford.
— Hon, J, Harvey, a membor of Congress during
Gen, Jackson's administration, died in New Hampshire
on the 28d alt
— The remains of a fossil elephant have been found
im a marl pit on the farm of Hon. Rolla Gleason, of
Bichmond, V1,
—Lead Is belng shipped from Kansas Cily to Bt
Lonis in considerable quantities, It is hanled over one
hundred miles,
—A calf, welghing five hundred pounds, fourtecm
weeks old, was sold at the Washington Drove Yards,
N. ¥., for $37 50,
— Itis stated that a fand of 20,000 has already been
invested in Massachusetts for the benefitof the children
of Horace Mann,
— The Portland people are making great prepara-
tion to recelve the Great Eastern, putting their hotels
in order, &o., &c.
— There are 1,400 buildings of various kinda now in
process of erection in Memphis, Tenn., at an estimated
cost of $3,000,000,
— Letters from Zante (Ionian Islands) of 16th August,
1809, state that the currant crop this year isin a very
prosperous condition.
— The first Arab newspaper ever published im the
Turkish Empire and out of Constantinople has been
commenced at Beyrout,
— Robert Murray, found guilty of an attempt to mar-
ry his niece, in Trinity Co., Cal., bas been eent to the
State Prison for one year.
— During the Jast four weeks, two thousand six hun-
dred and fourteen people haye gone from New York to
their final resting place.
— The novel occurrence of a thunder storm in Wash-
ington Territory is recorded by the Olympia Democrat
It occurred on the 27th ult,
— A severe shock of an earthquake was felt at Iron~
ton, Mo., and in ils vicinity, Saturday week, which
lasted about thirty seconds.
— The Boston Tranzcript learns from private letters
that Mra, Elizabeth Barrett Browning 1s lying seriously
ill at her home near Florence,
— An exchange says Congress represents some of the
wisdom and ai2 of tho folly of the nation—it might hayo
added, a good deal of the rascality.
—A small bost, containing ten persons, was upset
off Bt Jobns, Saturday week, and four women, one
man, and three boys were drowned,
— Gen. Jackson’s old horse is dead at last, at the age
of 4lyears, For several years he has been unable to
masticate and was fed with bran, &c,
— Upwards of two hundred thousand cases of sick-
ness are annually treated, gratuitously, at the different
dispensaries established in New York,
—The First Congregational Church, East Hampton,
dismissed its pastor three yeara ago and Is elill vacant,
ofter haying tried more than 70 ministers.
—The editor of the N. O. Bulletin acknowledges the
receipt of pumpkin raised in Texas which weighed 160
pounds and measured 7 feet in olreumferene®
—Bcarlet fever bas prevailed extonsively at zoule
ville, Ky,, this year. A large number of ebildren have
algo died in Cincinnati from the #8m¢ aes 4
sa gentleman who
sot Horses hp Bonth I aie ea
accompanied the Paraguay &P' a uilow.
1s to be slaughtered for thelr aye Dinca tN
tte fegon,
—Tho Indian Duress att 0 for the Indian ex-
steamer on Monday weeks
daring the present discal year,
penses in that State nd
— The Portage (O.) Sentinel reports the death of a ra :
in that town from the effets of the dangerous praciice
of walking on bis hands, standing on hia head, ‘c,
_ Phe Africans set out by our Government aro st
doing well. Nota death has oconrred, ‘They are chlef-
ly at Monrovia, or on farms on the St Paul’s river.
|
1
SEPT. 24,
GONTENTS OF THIS NUDIBER.
AGRICULTURAL, rao
Inquiries and Notes—The Siphom; Bones for Manure;
‘Thatehing, (Illustrated) ..... a1
Forage and Fertilizing Plante—Lucerne; Epurry; Spur-
ry In Flower, (IWastrated ;} White Laplae.
What Bills the Bees?.........
Sabsoll and Draining Plow.—Inqalry.
Mowing, and Mowing Machines,
About Wintering Stock ....
Gralo Growing in Minnesota .
Cabbage with Corn ....... “
rarenal and Annoere—Ooment Water Pipe; To
Make a Lime Kilo; Ryo—Ap sane» pene = i)
piliural Spirit of he Tray stasier Bolling Catt
Heatlag New Milk; Dogs and pa a
riculturat Miscellany.—The Weather, Ocops, £e.;
pas treet The National Palr; Vermont State
Pair: The Iillaols State Pair: Schayler County Fair;
‘County Fair; Medina Union Palr; Oxwes
Pi &c.—Falr Mex!
Names..
KMew iledge Plank
Galiure of Strawberries.
The Oucumber A aoe
Oucomber—Lord Kenpon's Pavorits, (Lijastrated)
Guitivation of the Blackberry. 1
Dwarf Pears ,......2. 00000
‘Transplanting Large Trees.
Preserving Celery .......
DOMESTIO BOONOMY.
Keeplog Cider Sweet; Cream Pies, &o.: Railroad Stock:
1 Drop Cakes: Lemon Pie; Pre-
Tomato Wine ; Inquirles....... 311
LADIES’ OLIO,
A TeartGlimpse, which may God Pity, (Poetical:) A
Life Sketch: The Light of s Cheerful Face; What's in
a Kiss: My Mother ..... vate 812
OHOIOR MISOBLLANY.
The Song of the Brook, (Poetioal:} Remembrana
Uews Workers; Key, Sidnoy Smith on Kajoyment
BABBATH MUSINGS,
Mine, (Poetloal;] The Words We Speak ...
TUB REVIEWER
The French Revolution of 1789; Tent and Harem; From
Dawn to Daylights Italy and the War of 1859; Books |,
cel ee
SPICR FROM NEW BOOKS,
A Slight Misconception: Congressional Candidates;
Adversity o Blessing ; Education in Obina,.... 313
USEFUL OLI0,
‘The Bank of Focland; Our Country—Now and Then;
Bagacity of a Horse.
YOUNG RURALIST.
TQan't.Do it; Autumn; A Sketch; Power of Lotegrit:
‘Two Maxims for Youth... tee
STORY TELLER.
Gricf, (Pectical;) The Two Homes; The True Lady... 816
as
LIST OF NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
Ploneer Gift Book Store—D. W. Evans & Oo.
Robinson's Mathematlos—D. W. Fish, Agent.
Tlantiy Parm For Salo.
Plano Manufactory—I1, Worcester.
New Grocery Establishment—John J. Jarvis.
Hamilon Female Seminary—Misses'A A. Pields and Bf.
A. Hastings, Principals,
Great Carlosicy—Shaw & Clark.
Mexico Academy—J, D. Steele.
Large Torkeys—Jobn R. Page,
arn Table Apple Parers--McKindley & Phetps
Metallic BurometersViptor Beaumont
Pare Bred Spanish Merino sheep—-Reed Burritt
Hortioultural Advartisomants—Seo Page 811.
Btocks and Seedlings for Nurserymen—0.D, Max well & Co.
New Naulve Grapes Hong & Oraine.
Highland Narseries—Cowles & Warren,
Balbous Flower Roots—Bilwanger & Barry.
Ravcaswood Frult Garden-it. 0. Freemaa.
Andre Leroy's Nurseries—P. A. Brogulere,
Bloomington Nurseries P. Phamnix.
Birawberry Seed For Sale:
French Qulace Stocks For Sale—G, W. Bastman,
Colored Wrult Plates, ko, Darrow & Brower,
APBCIAL. NOTICRS.
The Independent—Joseph I, Richards
Special Notices.
SPECIAL NOTICE.
Ovrion oy Tam Inprraxpent.
New Yorx, Bopt 12, 1859.
Ix compliance with tho wishes of numerous friends
tnd subscribers, we sro happy to announce that we
shall commence, in our noxt lesue, and shall continue
weekly, tho publication of 8 aorlos of
SERMONS BY REV, HENRY WARD BEECHER,
‘Theso will consist chiefly of those which are delivered
on Sanday mornings. Thoy will appear exclusively in
THE INDEPENDENT, and be the only reports given
to the Press, which recolve revision by the author's
own band
‘Teuus—Only $2 a your by mail; delivered to eub-
soribers in Now York and Brooklyn, $2 50; eingle
copies, alx conts,
Addroes JOSEPH H. RICHARDS, Pablisher,
No. 5 Beekman st, New York,
FOR SALE BY ALL NEWS AGENTS.
HMarkets, Commerce, ec.
Bounat -Yo!
BNSC}
In Flour and Wheat there Is nothing doing of importance
andwe do not note any change In rates, Corn 1s 3 cents
Detter than last week. Oats are drooping, the decline be-
{ng equal to 2 cents ¥ bushel.
MxATS—The tono of the market this morning Is very
easy, and a falling off in Boof and Mutton, fully 50 cents ®
omt, Is observable,
‘Woot {s without change in rates. Tho transactions of
the week have been heavy, but for the bulk of these the
terms are private, One of our Water strect houses sold to
® Massachusetts Manufacturing Company, 200,000 ps. of
Now York State fleece wool, and to a firm in Boston 40,00)
Me. of pulled wool, The nggregate of these two sales we
hear fs nearly $125,000, Sheep pelis are advancing—so@ss
cents being the average; occasionally 91,00 ts obtained.
Rochester Wholesale Prices,
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
—| = od S100
NEW YORK, ne 19.—Fiocn—Morket br a7, ant seine
4,509 for
KG
Qc for No. 2 Chicago spring;
for red State. Rye quiet at
‘orn scarce and 1@2c better,
: So for Jersey. Oats
BleaAy at 37@Me for old State: #0Gilc for new do; 25@SIo
firm at 9@:
TORONTO, Sept. 17.—Finvn—The market remains stiff,
with light sales aod «mail offerings We qaote superiine at
tito a fancy, #440 Lo $4.50; extra, 4,60 to O474;
double extra, 91,47) to 8,
Guain—The wheat market continues to be well sustained
atthe advance o! Monday, and Ss 31 to 634d was psid freely
for good merchantable wheat, while 5s 6d was realized in a
namber of instances for very prime loads, For common
and medium samples. 4s lod to $4 td waspald. There was
ao pala competition between all aap rer eit nie
market clogs joyapt, Spring wheatis
dat 4s 4d to 4s 6d Y
Pens are scarce, and are wanted at 2s 9d to 23 104d B bush-
cl—Glove,
The Cattle
rhets,
NEW YORK, Sept. l1.—The current prices for the week
at all the markets are as follows:
Bear Oartin—Pirst quality, ¥ cwt., $9,00@10,00: ordina-
Saareene common do, #7,50@ 8,00; inferior do,
Cows 'axp OaLves—First quality, #55,00@65,00; ordinary
do, 1090; common do, #30,00¢40,00% inferior do, #209
VeAt, OALVES—Pirst Goality, ® B, &@8 M40: ordinary do,
5@5Xe% common do. 4n5e: Inferior do, 36b4o,
Suey anv Lawns Prime quallly, ¥ head, 85.50@6.50;
orice 30 44.256) ; common do, #3, 00; inferior
Arie—First quality, 6@6Mo; other qualities, 54@6o,
ALBANY, Sept. 19, —OartLe—Reeolpts heavy, prtces
lower, and markeb Mak Last week the trade was brisk, but
40 unusually large sapply was on the New York market
Tuesday and Wedoesday—nearly 6,000 head—and prices
went down 1@1%o ® DB. A almilar state of things existed
atthe Brighton market, where the unprecedented number
of 4,000 head were on sale, Numbers are held over at both
places and the Indlentions are that the eupply golng for-
wardto New York the present week will exceed the de-
mand. These clrenmstances combine to discourage traders
and our market fs unusually dull, ‘The decline is full xe ®
B,, livo welabt, on the high and mediam grades.
We quote as'follows, remarking that there are one or two
‘oves on the murket that may bring 5} T. Babbitt’s Pure Concen- 70
—)
trated Potash.
Warranted double the strength of ordinary Pot-'
8 ash. Putup in cans—1 ®, 20s,,3 Os, 6 ts, and 68
6 12 ta.—with full directions for making Hard and
SoftSoep. Consumers will ind tls the cheapest
wp |Potash in market. AND
AnD | Manufactured and for sale by
70, Noa. 68 and 70 Washloston aur New York, | 4.
Nos, 68 an ‘ashLogton st New Yor!
" and No. 38 India st., Boston,
yd PATENT PORTASLE
CIDER AND WINE MILL AND PRESS.
This sterling Machine, which from the tost of-sevaral
years has proved itself Superior In polnt of simplicity and
Uficlency to anything in the market, ia now ready for the
apple harvest of 1859.
‘It is made if possible better than ever, and where there
are no Agents, farmers will do well to send to the manufac
tory early for'a circular. We also make large {rom press
screws from 8 Inches diameter and 4 feet long, to 6 in
diameter and § feet long, at reasonable prices.” Address
“0, HIGKOK, Euste Works,
500.91 Harrisburgh, Pa.
M*#2 ~ouR_own soap.
SAPONIFIER:
on,
PURE CONCENTRATED POTASH.
Warranted double the strength of ordinary Potash. Ono
ponadmillinake twelve salons good strong Saxo, milion
ime and with little trouble, Manufactured and put up io
134 pps 6 cans, In dns, te directions, at the OHAL,
Lexos Cuemi aks, New York.
oe E. R. DURKZE & 80.
1a Pear street, N. ¥., Proprietors,
Bold everywhere,
J[TOM=s FOR ALL!
FOR SAL ae ‘
Qi,O12 ner Acre, tebe RAMI, HANDS Jn
Fe eta and Bie Gauss
wenscas Emronast Arp 4p Howesraip
Apply to the ‘froudway, New York. ont
Pamrost CHEMICAL WORKS.
cea iin Bvgaiseeh cop anree ae Sa
1 favor an ‘onage wi
teteet ar ecticeat uence eee
is
mencemi the public gen That will grea ines
Hofitties a oon ints ie ace ‘a superlor article of
LERATU 7.
SALERATVATE Of SODA, BAL SODA eet Ae
‘The above articles will be sold fn all varieties of Tmanalse
low prices as they are afford
tig cl retry carat gu as
are and of superior
qaalll lers res} solicited and spt ‘Bhled.
few Consumers of Saleratae Geers a oaDy Oiled.
bonate of Soda sbould be caretul tenants ae ing
th if D. B. DaLasp t
Ero eon they wala
Fairport, Monroe Co,, N. ¥. 4awetf
STOR HOUSE, Broa Al the
ATi sat hoe ces Tama PN eat fed on for the
express and sole parpose of farnishing Milk, Verstatles
Foukey, Bs and $o this Hoase. The wa feed fat
Pastares Ont ea Mat 88g AU ATETRON.
5 , Patented July, 'S7
L Rie Pace's Perpetual Kilo, fateo pa
é
Yo any in use for Wood or Ooal. 3:
bbla—coal not
meee: yin tate ol sae We nocemer
Ee
5
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
GRIEF.
‘Trreen’s good In tears, or they had not been sent
By Him who is all good! Itis not wise
To keep our sorrows in our hearts up-pent,
‘When we can give them freedom from our eyos,
‘The storm-cloud only darkens oor fair earth,
Unul it falleth down in gentle rain;
And thon what wondrous beauties bave their birth;
So, whoo the heart is overcharged with pain,
‘We soo a shadow upon eyery good ;
Bat let our heavy sorrows have their way,
And as they well into a tearful food,
What comfort may not come? Ah, wko can say?
Grief hath 4 miesion holier than joy—
It moves the selfish, and it warms the cold;
A common sorrow will e’en pain destroy,
And change the king and beggar to one mold,
Onr gricfs should make us gentler to our kind,
And as we comfort need more comfort pay;
So using sorrow, we our tears shall find
Have washed somo grossness of our souls away.
Tel
“ii
THE TWO HOMES.
Two wen on their’ way home met at a street-
crossing, and they walked on together. They were
neighbors and friends.
“This has been a yery bard day,” said Mr.
Freeman, in a gloomy yoice. And as they walked
homeward they discouraged each other, and made
darker the clouds that obscured their whole
horizon,
‘Good evening,” was at last said hurriedly, and
the two men passed into their homes.
Mr. Walcott entered the room where his wife
and children were gathered, and without speaking
to any one, seated himself in a chair, and leaning
his head back, closed his eyes. His countenance
wore a sad, weary, exhausted look, He had been
seated thus for only a few minutes, when his wife
said, in a fearful voice:
“More trouble again,”
‘What is the matter now 2” asked Mr, Walcott,
almost starting.
“‘John has been sent home from school.”
“What?” Mr. Walcott partly rose from his
chair.
“He has been suspended for bad conduct.”
“Oh, dear?” groaned Mr, Walcott, “where is
he?”
“Up in bis room; I sent him there as soon as
hecame home, You'll have to do something with
him. He'll be ruined if he goes on in this way.
T'm out of all heart with him,”
Mr, Walcott, excited as much by the manner in
which his wife conveyed the unpleasant informa-
tion as by the information itself, started up, under
the blind impulse of the moment, and going to
the room where John had been sent on coming
home from school, punished the boy severely, and
this without listening to the explanations which
the poor child tried to make him hear.
“Father,” said the boy, with forced calmness,
after the cruel stripes had ceased, “I wasn't to
blame, and if you will go with me to the teacher,
Ican prove myself innocent,”
Mr. Walcott had never known his son to tell an
untruth, and the words fell with a rebuke upon
his heart.
“Very well, we will see about that,” he an-
swered, with forced sternness, and leaving the
room he went down stairs, feeling much more
uncomfortable than when he went up. Again he
seated himself in his large chair, and again leaned
back his weary head and closed his heayy eyelids.
Sadder was his face than before, As he sat thus,
his eldest daughter, in her sixteenth year, came
and stood by him. She held a paper in her hand.
“Father,” he opened his eyes, “here's my quar-
ter’s bill. Can't I have the money to take to
school with me in the morning ?”
“Tam afraid not,” answered Mr. Walcott, half
in despair,
“Nearly all the girls will bring in their money
to-morrow, ond it mortifies me to be behind the
others.” The daughter spoke fretfully. Mr. Wal-
cott waved her aside with his hand, and she went
off muttering and pouting.
“Tt is mortifying,” said Mrs, Walcott, a little
sharply; “and I don’t wonder that Helen feels
annoyed aboutit. The bill has to be paid, and I
don’t see why it may not be done as well first as
last.”
To this Mr, Walcott made no answer. The
words but added another pressure to the heavy
burden under which he was already staggering.
After a silence of some moments, Mrs. Walcott
said:
“The coals are all gone.”
“Impossible!” Mr, Walcott raised his head
and looked incredulous. ‘I laid in sixteen tuns,”
“T cant help it, if there were sixty tuns instead
of sixteen—they are allgone. The girls had hard
Work to-day to scrape up enough to keep the fire
in.”
“There's been a shameful waste somewhere,”
said Mr. Walcott, with strong emphasis, starting
"Pp and moving about the room with a very dis-
turbed manner,
“So you always say, when anything runs out,”
answered Mrs. Walcott, rather tartly. ‘The bar-
rel of flour is gone also; bat I snppose you have
done your part with the rest in using it up,’”
paiat returned to his chair, and again
himself, loaned back his head and closed
as at first. How sad, and weary, and
hopeless he felt! The burdens of the day bad
seemed almost too heavy for him; but he had
borne up bravely. To gather strength for a re-
newed with adverse circumstances, he
| Alas! that the process of ex.
till go on—that where only
strength could be looked for on carth, no strength
Was given.
When the tea bell was rung, Mr. Walcott made
no movement to obey the summons.
“Come to supper,” sald his wife, coldly.
But he did not stir.
“ Are you not coming to supper?" she called to
him as she was leaving the room.
“J don’t wish for anything this evening. My
head aches very much,” he answered.
“Tp the dumps again,” muttered Mrs. Walcott
to herself. “It’s a8 much as one's life is worth to
ask for money, or to say anything is wanted.”
And she kept on her way to the dining-room.
When she returned her husband was still sitting
where she had left him.
“Shall I bring you a cup of tea?” she asked,
“No, I don’t wish for anything.”
“What's the matter, Mr. Walcott? What do
you look so troubled about, as if you hadn't a
friend in the world? What have I done to you?”
There was no answer, for there was not a shade
of real sympathy in the voice that made the
queries, but rather of querulous dissatisfaction,
A few moments Mrs. Walcott stood behind her
husband, bot as he did not seem inclined to answer
questions, she turned away from him, and resumed
the employment which had been interrupted by the
ringing of the tea bell.
The whole evening passed without the ocour-
rence of o single incident that gave a healthful
pulsation to the sick heart of Mr. Walcott. No
thoughtful kindness was manifested by any mem-
ber of the family; but on the contrary, a narrow
regard for self, and a looking to him only that he
might supply the means of self-gratification.
No wonder, from the pressure which was on
him, that Mr. Walcott felt utterly discouraged.
He retired early, and sought to find that relief
from mental disquietude in sleep which he had
vainly hoped for in the bosom of his family. But
the whole night passed in broken slumber and
disturbing dreams, From the cheerless morning
meal, at which he was reminded of the quarter's
bill that must be paid, of the coals and flour that
were out, and of the necessity of supplying Mrs,
Walcott’s empty purse, he went forth to meet the
difficulties of another day, faint at heart, almost
hopeless of success. A confident spirit, sustained
by home affections, would haye carried him
through; but unsupporied as he was, the burden
was too heavy for him, and he sank under it. The
day that opened so unpropitiously closed upon
him a ruined man!
Let us look in for a few moments upon Mr.
Freeman, the friend and neighborof Mr. Walcott.
He, also, had come home weary, dispirited, and
almost sick, The trials of the day had been un-
usually severe, and when he looked anxiously for-
ward to scan the future, not even a gleam of light
was seen along the black horizon.
As he stepped across the threshold of his dwel-
ling, a pang shotthrough his heart, for the thought
came— How slight the present hold uponall these
comforts.” Not for himself, but for his wife and
children was the pain,
“Father’s come!” cried a glad little voice on
the stairs the moment his footfall sounded in the
passage, then quick, pattering feet were heard—
and then a tiny form was springing into his arms.
Before reaching the sitting-room above, Alice, the
eldest daughter, was by his side, her arm drawn
fondly within his, and her loving eyes lifted to
his face.
“Are you not late, dear?” It was the gentle
yoice of Mrs. Freeman,
Mr. Freeman could not trust himself to answer.
He was too deeply troubled in spirit to assume at
the moment a cheerful tone, and he had no wish
to sadden the hearts that loved him by letting the
depression from which he was suffering become
too clearly apparent. But the eyes of Mrs, Free-
man saw quickly below the surface.
“Are you not well, Robert?” she inquired, ten-
derly, as she drew his large arm-chair toward the
centre of the room.
“A little headache,” he answered, with a slight
evasion,
Scarcely was Mr, Freeman seated ere a pair of
hands was busy with each foot, removing gaiter
and shoes, and supplying their place with a soft
slipper. There was not one in the household who
did not feel happier for his return, nor one who
did not seek to render him some kind office,
It was impossible, under such a burst of heart-
sunshine, for the spirit of Mr. Freeman long to
remainshrouded. Almost imperceptibly to himself
gloomy thoughts gave place to more cheerful ones,
and by the time tea was ready, he had half forgot-
ten the fears which had so haunted him through
the day.
But they could not be held back altogether, and
their existence was marked during the evening by
4n unusual silence and abstraction of mind. This
was observed by Mrs, Freeman, who, more than
half suspecting the cause, kept back from her
husband the knowledge of certain matters about
which she had intended to speak to him, for she
feared they would add to his mental disqnietude,
During the evening she gleaned from something
he said the real cause of his changed aspect. At
once her thoughts commenced running in a new
channel. By a few leading remarks she drew her
husband into conversation on the subject of home
expenses and the propriety of restriction in vari-
ous points, Many things were mutually pro-
nounced superfluous and easily to be dispensed
with, and before sleep fell soothingly on theheayy
eyelids of Mr. Freeman that night, an entire change
in their style of living had been determined upon
—a change that would reduce their expenses at
least one-half,
“T see a light ahead,” were the hopeful words
of Mr. Freeman as he resigned himself to slumber,
With renewed strength of mind and body, and
a confident spirit, he went forth the next day—a
day that he had looked forward to with fear and
trembling. And it was only through this renewed
strength and confident spirit that he was able to
overcome the difficulties that loomed up, mountain
high, before him. Weak despondency would have
ruined all. Homehad proved his tower of strength
—his walled city. Strengthened for the conflict,
he had gone forth again into the world and con-
quered in the struggle.
“T see light ahead,” gaye place to “The morn-
ing breaketh.”—Orange Blossoms.
THE TRUE LADY.
We have noticed that some young ladies are
never found engaged in domestic labor. Call at
their homes at any time of day, aud you do not
find them performing housework. They are fre-
quently found embroidering, making a Jace collar,
practicing oh the piano, or doing nothing, We
infer that they seldom or never attend to domestic
labors, or else that they suddenly quit the kitchen
when the door-bell rings, lest they should be
caught with a broom orrolling-pin in their hands.
It is well-known that many young ladies detain
visitors a half-hour in the parlor, before they
emerge from their chambers, arrayed like Paris
dolls. No person ontof the families ever saw them
ina kitchen-garb, The principal reason is, they
think it is not lady-like. Says Mr. Arthur:
A friend of ours, remarkable for his strong good
sense, married avery accomplished and fashionable
young lady, attracted more by her beauty and
accomplishments than by anything else. In this,
it must be owned that his strong good sense did
not seem very apparent. His wife, however,
proved to be a very excellent companion, and was
deeply attached to him, though she still loved
company, and spent more time abroad than he
exactly approved. But, as his income was good,
and his house furnished with a good supply of
domestics, he was not aware of any abridgment of
comfort on this account, and he therefore made no
objection to it.
One day, some few months after his marriage,
our friend, on coming home to dinner, saw no ap-
pearance of his usual meal, but found his wife in
great trouble instead,
“What is the matter?” he asked.
“Nancy went off at ten o'clock this morning,”
replied the wife, ‘and the chamber-maid knows
no more about cooking a dinner than the man in
the moon.”
“Couldn't she have done it under your direc-
tion?” inquired the husband, very coolly.
“Under my direction! Goodness! T should
like to see a dinner cooked under my direction!”
“Why so?” asked the husband. “ Youcertain-
ly do not mean that you cannot cook a dinner.”
“T certainly do, then,” replied his wife. ‘How
should I know anything about cooking?”
The husband was silent, but his look of astonish-
ment perplexed and worried his wife.
“You look very much surprised,” she said,
after a moment or two had elapsed,
“And soT am,” he answered, ‘as much sur-
prised as I should be at finding the captain of one
of my ships unacquainted with navigation. Don’t
know how to cook, and the mistress of a family !—
Jane, if there is a cooking-school anywhere in the
city, go to it, and complete your education; for it
is deficient in a very important particular.”
We need not speak of the result, except to say
thatitwas good. But we ask the reader, if this
young wife was more of a lady for not knowing
how to cook adinner? Would it not have been
far more commendable in her to have been able to
cook at such atime of necessity? If itis a woman's
mission to be mistress of the family, then it is her
business to know how to wash, and cook, and
sew. Is acaptain qualified to guide a ship, if he
is ignorant of navigation? Is aman prepared to
manage a large mercantile establishment, if he has
not learned the merchant’s business? Would a
college faculty welcome a man to the professorship
of Greek, who had never studied it? Then, what
shall we say of a female who occupies the place of
mistress of the family, without knowing how the
work thereof should be done? We say itis a dis-
honor to her. She is less a lady for this inexcus-
able ignorance.
Madame Roland could prepare her busband’s
meals with her own hands, and at night delight
the most literary company of France by her bril-
liant powers. Mrs. Washington, the mother of the
General, always attended to her domestic affairs,
even in the presence of the most distinguished
guests. Lafayette paid her a visit before his de-
parture for Europe, in the fall of 1778. He was
conducted to her mansion by one of her grandsons.
“There, sir, is my grandmother,” said he, as they
approached the house. Lafayette looked up, and
saw her at work in the garden, “clad in domestic-
made clothes, and her gray head covered with a
plain straw hat, the mother of his hero.” She
gave Lafayette a cordial welcome, observing :—
“Xh, Marquis! you see an old woman—but, come,
I can make you welcome to my poor dwelling,
without the parade of changing my dress,” Mrs.
Martha Washington, the wife of the General, was
no less distinguished for her management of house-
hold affairs, She was “a good seamstress, a good
cook, and a good mother.” She understood every
department of domestic labor, and was ever ready
to do what circumstancesrequired. Mrs. Troupe,
the accomplished wife of a captain of the British
nayy, once visited her, and she gave the following
account of Mrs. Washington's appearance:
“Well, I will honestly tell you I never was so
ashamed in all my life. You see Madame —,
and Madame —, and myself, thought we would
visit Lady Washington; and as she was said to be
So granda lady, we thought we must put on our
best bibs and bands. So we dressed ourselves in
our most elegant ruffles and silks, and were intro-
duced to her ladyship, And, don’t you think, we
found her knitting, and with a check apron on !—
She received us yery graciously and easily, but
after the compliments were over, she resumed her
knitting. There we were, without a stitch of
work, and sitting in state; but General Washing-
ton’s lady with her own hands was knitting stock-
ings for own husband.” Noble example for a
woman of high position to set! In such circum-
stances her check apron Was more ornamental
than the “ruffles” and “ silks” of her fuir visitors,
and her knitting-needles more becoming decora-
tions than a profusion of jewelry.
No girl can become a true Jady without knowl-
edge of household duties. Whatever may be her
literary Pproficieney, and her social qualities, with-
out the ability to do house-work, if necessity
demand, her education is defective, A young girl
Was presented to James I.,as prodigy in literary
attainments, The person who introduced her,
boasted that she understood the ancient languages,
“Tocan assure your Mojesty,” said he, * that she can
both speak and write Latin, Greek and Hebrew”
“These are rare attainments for a damsel,” said
James; “but can she spin?” She Might be fa-
miliar with the lore of ages, but without a knowl-
edge of household duties, she lacked an important
acquisition. So we ask of the richly attired and
accomplished young woman, whocanread French,
thumb the piano, and move bewitcbingly in fashion-
able company, can she do house-work? Ifshe can-
not, she is not a model lady.
“There's a spot of earth supremely blest,
A dearer, sweeter spot than all (ho rest;
Here woman reigns; the mother, daughter, wife,
Strews with fresh flowers the narrow woy of life ;
Around her knees domestic duties meet,
And fireside pleasures gambol at ber feet.
[The True Woman,
Advertisements.
teady than in any other district of our cous
prosperous: Honey
For fall particulars apply'to | JOSIAH HUNT,
Land Commissioner Hanaibal and St. Joseph Railroad,
505-13t Hannibal, Mo,
No. A HOMBUG.—Wanted, one or more Young Men
in each State to travel, to whom will be pald $30 to 875
per month, and expenses. For particulars, bc) oa
, M. BL ALLEN & O., Plaistow, N. H.
ANFORD’S FEED MILL.—This remarkable Mill
has been improved in size, capacity and strength, and
fully tested as to its working: power, so that I can safely
recommend it to the public. Tt will grind from five to eight
bushels of corn per hour, and many other kinds of cra'n
much faster. Many improvements have been made to it,
and I am now prepared to fill orders for the largest size.
All the objections to the common cast-iron rotary mills
are obviated by this Mill, Only about two horse.power,
With 200 revolutions per minute, Is required,
Price of largest size, now ready, with cast-iron frame, #40.
Smaller sizes wilt soon be ready, and prices will vary,
according to size, from #20,00 to #40,
Y.
R, L. HOWARD, Mannfactarer,
5OL-4t Buffalo, N.
A. PAHNESTOCE & SONS
5 OFFER GREAT INDUCEMENTS AT THE
TOLEDO NURSERIES.
NorseRyMen and others wishing to purchase small stock
forthe West and South, would do well to call and examine
the following desirable articles, offered at the lowest rates:
100,090 Apple Trees, 5 to 7 feet, very fine.
200,000 Apple Trees, 3 to 4 feet, very fine, #50 per 1,000; by
quanu Wy. 845 per 1,000,
300,080 Apple Trees. 1 year from graft, $25 per 1,000; by quan-
uity, $20 per 1,000,
600,000 Apple Trees, grafted thts coming winter and sent out
in ihe spring, at $6 per 1,000; when 2,000 are taken, at
$5 per 1,000.
80,000 Standard Pears, 1 year old, very strong, from bud,
$20 per 100; $180 per 1,000,
5,000 Dwaif Pears, 1 year old, very strong, from bud, $12
er 100; #100 per 1,000,
10,000 Dwarf Pears, 2 years from bud, $23 per 100; $200 per
2,00q Stan dard Plums, on plum stocks,1 year, $20 per 100:
)
8180 per 1,000,
15,09 Sheri jStandard, 507 feet, very fine, 415 per 100;
I 000,
15,000 Cherrier, Standard, 1 year old, very fine, ¢12 per 100;
290 per 1,000, ‘
15,000 “Hongiiton Gooseberries, from cuttings, yery strong,
82 per 1,000. a
40,000 Currants, (in 12 varleties,) very low; Red and White
Dutch, 0 per 1,000,
16,000 Lawton Blackberries, @8 per 100; #80 per 1.000,
10,000 Linnwus end Victoria Rhubarb, $10 per 100; $80 per
1
20,000 Angers Quince Stocks, $15 per 1,000. -s
80,000 Pel Neale and Clinton Grape Vines, L-years
930 per 1,000. i.
16,000 Isabella, Catawba and Clinton Grape Vines, 2 years,
850
er 1,000,
20,000 Manetti Rose Stocks, 2,25 per 100: $20 per 1,000,
O10 Norway Spruce, I foot, $60 per 1,000,
20,00 Norway Spruce, 18 inches, €#0 per 1,000,
10.000 Hybrid Ching Roses, best sorts, strong, #12 per 100,
1,000 Herbaceous Poenies, assorted, $16 per 100,
1,000 Silver Maples, #15 per 100,
'600 Tucca, or Adam's Needle, $15 per 100,
With a Jage lot of Raspberries, Peaches, Apricots and
Nectarines, Also, Ornamental Trees, Shrubs. Evergreens
and plants, In quantities. Diana, Concord, Rebecca and
Delaware Grave Vines, at the lowest price,
Our New Descriptive Frult and Ornamental Catalogues,
‘as well as our Wholesale Price List, is now out of press, an
will be forwarded to order ou receipt of a postage stamp for
each, all communications premptly resvonded to, and
orders solicited at as varly a day as possible.
A. FAHNESTOCK & SONS,
Toledo, Ohio, Sept. 5, 1859. 505-5teow
WANO !—The superiority of Phosphatlo over Ammo-
niacal Yertilizers, in restoring fertility to worn-out
lands, is now well understood, The subscribers call the
attention of Farmers to the SWAN ISLAND GuAXo, which for
richness in PuosPHATes and ORGANIO matter, and its soLu-
BILITY, is UNSURPASSED.
For sale at #0 per ton of 3,000 s., and liberal discount
bre dara with diceetions for use, may be bad on applica
rculars, with directions for use,
tion at our office, FOSTER & SPEPHENSON,
65 Beaver Street, New York,
494-18teow Agents for The Atlantic and Pacific Guano Co.
JANNY’S COMBINED
REAPDR AND MOWHDR,
WITH WOOD'S IMPROVEMENT,
For the Harvest of 1869.
‘The subscriber begs to Inform the public that he continues
to manufacture this popular machine, and pledges himself to
roduce an implement that will fully gust: Its former repu-
Fation, as the best combined machine yet ‘troduced, snd
ower.
It has had aneady and, increasing popularity from the first,
achlevin success in the
Geneva
‘The general principles peculiar to this mashing and upon
has been no attempt to change them.
The main effort Buring the last year has been to improve
its mechanical construction, to make it stronger and more
durable, and sustain ita reputation as the le; and most
acceptable machine to the largest class of farmers in the
untry.
“*Warrinted capable of cutting from 10'to 15 acres of grass
orgrain per day, in a workmantike manner.
ice of Mach{ne as herctofore, varies according to width
ofcut, and its adaptation in sixe and at different
tectlons of the country, from @135 to #150, delivered here on
the cars, WALTER A. WOOD,
‘Manufacturer and Proprietor, Hoosick Palls, N. ¥.
PNET Wig Eo
Pi ote,
483-tf, Agents for Monroe County, N. Y,
Virosis MOWHEBR.=-
Patented February 224, 1859.
Daring the six years I have been engaged in the manufac-
fure of
¢ Manny Combined Reaper and Mower, I have
iven much thoughtand attention to the construction of what
the Farmers—a ll i
fc w would be agreat want of
and chen er mackine expressly for mowing, than
“kod now, after the most thoro
in every condition of grass, I am prepared,
dence, t the. ind.
tural Intarseving machines—a Mower,
od worl
ma ‘Intest Invention, to meet 8
eclal want of farmers, and to place within the reach of all,
Borer tha for peat ‘working, cheapness and almpllel-
Will be without a riv wigineh
M1 One-Horse Mowers.
bet re ors 2 Oca natn ar eet wl
The One-Horse Mower we
Tre Bae ae) aid cute a swath three and a balf feet
wide, brane
For amore full description of the Mo gerne ere mad
furnished on application, —
AIRY cane i Ne turnithetwo extra kaard, tro
enck and oll can.
Saale on Penta en tle of eras per dan
a workmanlike manner.
Price: 5 je Mower. 490
eeor Bo He Monee FA
the cars,
Dellvered ners heretofore, and with
ths ufacture
Borer coupled Reaper and lower with Wood's Improve
ment” F .
afactnrer and Proprietor, Hoosick Palla, N. ¥,
PEASE E HOGLESFON, 8 Bate Bee alkany. ete for
A a
RAY, ort,
WM. HENRY HARMON, Scottsvill
4-4 ‘Agents for Mouroe County, N. ¥.
greater success than at
oe sale of “Manny's
HUMP uREY®S speReiric
HOMGOPATHIO Rear
7 DIES,
No. 563 Brondway,
mre aea>
HUMPHREY g>
SPECIFIG
HOMGOPATHIC REMEDI_s,
No. 562 Broadway.
BUMP BREE S,
SPECIFIC
HBOMCGOoOPrATHIC REMBEDIBS,
No. 562 Broadway.
HuU™MPHR EY SB?
SPECIFIO
BOMCZOPATHIO REMEDIES,
No. 563 Broadway,
mMUMP BR Rears,
SPECIFIO
HOMCEOPATHIC REMEDIES,
No. 562 Brondway,
HAVE THESE ADVANTAGES,
Rey ARE HARMLESS! No injury can arise from thelr
THEY ARE SIMPLE! You always know what to take,
and how to take it.
THEY ARE CONVENIENT! You can always give the
medicated proper Sugar Pill at amoment’s notics without
hesitation or delay.
THEY ARE EFFICIENT! Thousands are using them im
curing disease, with the most astonishing success.
LIST OF SPECIFIC REMEDIES.
No. 1, Fever Prris— ° .
mn Aha For Fever, Congestion and Inflam
No, 2. Won Pr 6 8
Wetting the ede ints—For Worm-Fever, Worm-Colle, and
No. 3. Basy's Prrrs— Fe Crying,
Wakefuiness and Nervousness or kage Teething and
No, 4. Dianna Pr.ts—Por Diarrhse
and Sammer Complaint © thee, Cholera-Infantum,
No. 5, Dysent: Pp kk
Bea enY Puts—Por Colle, Griping, Dysentery,
No, 6, Quorera Prits—Fi IM
wreintig i ‘or Cholera, Cholera Morbus,
No, 7. Covam Prits—For Coughs, Colds, Hoarseness, Ine
fluenza and Sore Throat.
No, & Tootu-actis Prits—For Tooth-ache, Face-ache and
Neuralgia,
No. 9, Hxan-scue Prits—For Head.ache, Vergo, Heat
and Pullness of the Head. ene ENC
No, 10, Dyspepsia Pivrs—For Weak and Deranged Stom-
achs, Constipation and Liver.
No, 11, Fox Festate Inuecutanries—Scanty Palnfilor
Suppreséed Periods.
No, 19. Femane Pitts—For Leucorrhesa, Profuse Af
and Bearing Down. am aa
No, 19, Cxovr Piis—For Croup, Honrse Cough, Bad
Breathing.
No, lf, Saur Ragu Puts—For Erysipelng, Eruptions
Pimples‘on the Face,
No. 15, Rumowatic Pruia—For Pain, Lameness or Soreneas
in the Chest, Back, Loins or Limbs.
A.—For Fever and Ague, Chill Fever, Dumb Ague, old mls-
managed Agues.
P.—For Piles, Blind or Bleeding, Internal or External
0.—For Sore, Weak or Tnflamed Eyes and Byelids; Fail-
ing, Weak or Blurred Sight.
C.— For Catarrh, of longstanding or recent, either with
obstruction or profuse disc e,
W. 0.—For Whooping-Cor abat its violence and
shortening its course. — oe
In all Acure Diseases, such as Fevers, Inflammations, DI-
arrhies, Dysentery, Croup, Rheurmatism, and euch eruptive
diseases as Scarlet Fever, Measles and Erysipelas—the ad-
vantage of giving the proper remedies promptly Is obvious,
and in all such cases the specifics act ike acharm. The en-
tre disease is often arrested at once, and In all cases the
violence of the attack ls moderated, the disease shortened
and rendered less dangerous, Even should a physician
afterwards have to be called, he will take the case atdecided
advantage from the previous treatment,
Covons and Corps, which are of such frequent oceurrence,
and which so often lay the foundation of diseased lungs,
bronchitis and consumption, may all be at once cured by the
Fever and Cough Pills.
In all Crroxic Diseases, such as Dyspepsia,
ach, Constipation, Liver Complaints Pile
and Irregularities, old Headache, Sore or Weak eyes, Oatarrh,
Salt Rheum, and other old eruptions, the case has specifica,
whose proper application will afford a cure In almost every
instance, Often the cure of a single chronic difficulty, suc!
as Dyspepsia, Piles, or Catarrh, Headache, or Female Weak-
ness, bas more than paid for the case ten times over,
FOR COUGHS AND COLDS.—A gentleman, well known
in this City, in at our office, remarked: “Your COUGH
PILLS have been of great value at our house this Winter.—
In every instance when one of the family has taken a cold,
three or four doses of the COUGH and FEVER PILLS,
given in alternation, have entirely cured the case in a day
ortwo. The case has already pald for itself several times
over,”
COUGHS AND COLD8.—A gentleman, a pablic lecturer,
took a severe cold the latter part of last month, while travel-
ing and lecturing in northern Pennsylvania, though address-
ing public audiences every eyening, yet in two days, by the
aid of the Specific he was enUrely recovered, and enabled to
pursue his avocation without {nconvenlence, No public
speaker should be without them.
BAD COLD,—A married lady of forty had taken a violent
cold, which settled on her lungs, causing severe cough, pain
in the side and considerable fever and hoarseness, ‘Such
colds were usually very lasting and troublesome, but by tak-
ing the SpeciricCovas Pits four times per day, in three
days she was entirely well.
Onronto CaTARRH.—A clergyman In a nelghboring village
had sulfered for many yeu trom an obstinate Oatard
which bad resisted all attempts for acure, The obstruction
and discharge from the nose was constant, destroying both
taste and smell; and at times even interfering, from the
Weak Stom-
Female Debility
change of voice, with his public ministrations. Almost in
despair he commenced the use of our Catarrh Specific, and
after the use of only afew pills-one every nisht—found him.
self Improved; andere he had used an en
‘ir entirely well,
re box, could
consider bimse!
was entirely wel
© A yonng lady of 96 bad been troubled with indigestion
for several months, so as Lo render great care necessary in
the kelection of her food. After eating, the stomach became
feld. food rising in her mouth with water, and unpleasant,
heavy load-like sensation in her stomach, continuing some
hours, frequently headache, bowels co) pale and a de-
pressed mental condition, She commences the Ds.
Pepsi PILLS, one morning and night, anc less than @
Freck almost every symptom of her disease had yanlshed,
dnd shie felt like a new being.
PRICES,
9 large vials In Morocco Case and Book.
Ful eh 20 large vials in Plain Case and Book
Case of 16 numbered boxes and Book. .
Case of any 6 numbered boxes and Book.
Single numbered boxes, with directions.
Single lettered boxes, with directions, ..........
Large plantation or physician's case, 1 and two os.
OUR REMEDIES BY MAIL.
Look over the list; make up a case of what kind you
choose, and enclose thie amount current Rae York, and
‘Tm fo Our ress, ‘0, roa
the medicines will be duly returned by mall or express
ol —
No fi should be without these Invaluable cor rpizes-
T™ ed and
1
Ea
60
00
00
00
00
00
jals 15,
par
‘at the threshold and keep Jt at
hours of disease, perfectly cures
THat whieh by detey can only be relieved by long and tedious
hours of suifering, if at all With ese al ban’ yee abenoe
obliged to fawalt he coming of ed, or poisoned, or
Hive luxury, 4 doctor: nor (2, be tm ter the simple
blistered, oF bled, but MAY FON ctor life again to bi
specific, and restore the rudey ctor iry in any case from
and joy. qhere carneral fluence upon the constitution,
ond al question 1s most beneficial
AGENTS WANTED.
it for the sale of our
nearly ht ha
¥, HUMPHREYS & C0.
No, 662 Broadway, New York.
We desire an ac
remedies, In Very
Address
gold by all dealers in Rochester, 477-13teo"
FEMI: 9
y4
sf: i
y=
~ACRICUL TUR
:
TWO DOLLARS A YEAR)
“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.”
VOL. X. NO. 40.
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
AN ORIGINAL WEERLT
RURAL, Y AND PAMILY NEWSPAPER.
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE,
‘With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors,
‘Toe Rona New-Yorrer 1s desiened to be unsurpassed
fn Value, Purlty, Usefulness and Variety of Contents, an®
uniqiie and beantifol in Appearance. Tis Conductor devotes
his'pereonal attention to the supervision of its various de-
partmenta, and earnestly Inbora to render the Rugat an
eminently Reliable Guide on all the Important Practical,
Scientific and other Subjects intimately connected with the
buainess.of those whose interests it zealously advocates —
It embraces more Agricultural, Horticultural, Scientific,
Educational, Literary and News Matter, interspersed with
appropriate and beautiful Engravings, than any other jour-
nal,—rendéring it the most complete AoricuLTonaL, Lir-
ZAARY AND Pasty NewsPares in America,
2" All communications, and business letters, should be
addressed to D. D, T. MOORB, Rochester, N. Y.
For Tens and other particulars, see last pace.
OUR GRASS LANDS,
‘Tit fact that the grass crop of the country isa
failure, comparatively speaking, calls upon the
thinking agriculturist for o solution of the causes
which haye led to so deplorable an issue, and, if
the fault may in any degree be justly attributed to
the growers, to point out such defects and their
remedy. The responses to inquiries, made pre-
vions to the time of mowing, as to the prospects
of the hay crop, were, almost invariably, ‘Old
meadows will not pay for cutting—new will furnish
a medium yield,” That atmospherical influences
seriously affected the growth and development of
the grasses during the past season there can be no
doubt—but why this difference between meadows
laid down to the crop years ago and those more
recently seeded. A lack of vitality is plainly
perceptible—is this the result of age, or the inevi-
table consequence of the violation of natural law
by the possessors of the soil.
Grass forms the staple crop of the country—
neither cotton nor wheat can successfully claim
supremacy in competition with it. While first in
position and pecuniary worth, it demands less
care than any other, and, we very much fear,
obtains only a tithe of what it actually needs.
Year after year the land is denuded of its vernal
\) drapery with scarcely an atom of return in the
We haye frequently heard individuals, after sub-
mitting to the manipulations of some dexterous
tonsorial professor, remark that “the shave just
received was fully a week under the skin,” and
the mowing performed upon seven-eighths of the
. land in grass, partakes altogether too much of this
characteristic. Nor does the evil stop here,—
Thanks to some genial shower, and the tenacity
with which the grass clings to life, new spears
shoot np, when the cattle are “turned ip,” and the
“fall feed” is secured, too frequently at the ex-
Pense of future crops. This has been the usual
course, and there is less room to hope for the
entire abandonment of so exhausting a process
the Present fall than for Many years past, A scar-
city in the mow appeals with an urgency that is
almost Tesistless when there is a chance for aday’s
fodder in meadow or pasture, and all those who
seek immediate results will speedily acknowledge
' its potency.
The remedy for the evils
thus briefly is very apparent,
mainstay its needs should mee
“| recognition, and instead of ann
soi], the great object should be to keep up the
| average of fertility. Nor can we begin to award
our lands what is justly due them too early. With
a large number the spring time of the year maybe
considered a more “convenient” and appropriate
Season—but we think that a top-dressing of plas-
ter, ashes, bone-dust—anything that can be readily
appropriated to the wants of the plant, would
Prove a profitable investment, if applied just now.
© Various styles of management adopted by
those whose efforts are crowned with success are
always worthy of careful examination, and to the
We haye glanced at
As this crop is our
t a more generous
ually depleting the
the
> this statement, we
) pursued
thoughtful investigator yield a rich reward for
labor expended, Recognizing the verity of
Present the modes of operation
by various individuals in keeping up the
ROCHESTER, N. Y.—FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, OCTOBER 1, 1859,
[SINGLE NO. FOUR CENTS.
{WILOLE NO. 508,
condition of pasture and meadow land, and the
results thereof,
In the Transactions of the N. Y. State Ag. Soci-
ety for 1856, Mr. Wacrarn, to whom was awarded
4 farm premium, states that he uses a compo-
sition of six bushels of bone ashes, one bushel of
plaster, one of slaked lime, one-fourth bushel salt,
a small quantity of sulphur, pounded bones, &c.,
as a top-dressing for general purposes. The cost
is about twenty cents per bushel, and is used at
the rate of two or three bushela to the acre on
grain and meadows. Upon one field, about an
acre in extent, under cultivation for ten years,
this combination was used without other manure,
and the result was a constantly increasing product.
The best crop was wheat—yield, thirty bushels to
the acre. It was then seeded with clover and
timothy, and the season previous to the date of
the Report, (1855,) it produced two crops of hay;
the first of two tuns, the second of one, The
average of yield of Mr. W.’s mowing lands is
about two and one-half tuna per acre,
R. J. Swan, of Rose Hill, Seneca Co., to whom
was awarded the first premium of the Society in
1857, annually mows about sixty-fiye acres of
grass, and makes on average of two and one-half
tuns of hay per acre. Sows twelve pounds of
clover seed upon each acre of wheat, in latter
March or early April, six quarts of timothy being
applied in Autumn soon after wheat sowing.—
Uses plaster as a top-dressing for grass lands—
sown broad cast with a machine—advantages of so
doing are uniformly great and decided, for if any
part of the field is neglected, the error is manifest
tp the eye by the inferiority of the neglected spot,
ee
GRASSHOPPERS,-A NEW BEAUTY IN FIGs!
Hirnerto even the most elaborate essays on
farm stock (see the N. ¥. Zribune,) have scarcely
noticed Grasshoppers at all. Why is this? They
make up in numbers what they Jack in size, and in
diligence what they wantin dignity. My neighbor,
who thinks his black cow is worth more than apy
“Duchess” of the royal line, would see at once
that, being “natives,” they could not expect to be
noticed except incidentally or necidentally—but I
am bound to count them in. A thousand times
more numerous than all our horses, cattle, sheep,
pigs and poultry put together, and sometimes cost-
ing more to keep them/ hey haye been slighted,
decidedly. Who is acquainted with them? Will
some naturalist please treat them scientifically ?—
Meantime, I propose to treat them practically.
First, then, they eat up a tun of grass to the
acre; they stripped the beans in my corn as bare
as bean poles; they have appropriated a wide
border in the oat field; they have taken the foliage
from young fruit trees; in short, they have stuck
their noses into about everything. Perbaps they
are accusing me for what J have taken; but thenI
planted the beans and hoed them. J’ back out of
that argument, for I recollect that those who do
‘© most work haye the least rights here Waving
ethical and legal questions—they have got my
fodder, how shall I get them?
Fowls, whose acknowledged duty is to lay,
hatch, and be killed, have been put after them
from time immemorial, and it has been observed
by discreet housewives, that the more grasshop-
pers the more eggs, and the more growth. What
we have got from the grasshoppers, except through
biddy’s agency, is mere nothing. While we de-
vise other ways of making them ayailable, we may
make improvements on this, They do not in the
main (it may be through defects of early educa-
tion,) deem it a duty to come into the hen-yard or
the adjacent ground to be eaten; should we not
train the hens and turkeys to a wider Tange of
travel? Walk through the meadows and pastures
distant from the buildings at the height of the
grasshopper season, and acloud of these winged
depredators is before you continually—a hundred
greedy hens, each with a dependent family, would
do large execution here!
O18 folks are apt to complain of a sad want of
discipline “now-a-days,” having “Young America”
mainly ™ Sages discipline in its vast bear-
ings and extentis for the future. Our domestic
animals should be trained to go where, and do
what, we bid them. Fowls should be sent to
pasture and brought back like our cows; then the
grasshoppers in our back fields will be gathered
in, Pigs, too, may help us in turning grasshoppers
to account. A woman Out West writes to her
friends in Allegany county, that she is fattening
Seventeen hogs on grasshoppers, and they are
doing well. The hogs were shut up, as I was in-
formed,—how she got the grasshoppers to them,
the world at large ought to know!
Going very early into the fields, I was not more
Surprised than delighted at finding my own pigs
before me, Picking up the grasshoppers,
Were stiffened with the cold, and eating
them with mantis lb, “A new beauty in
pigs,” Texclaimed—* What admirable sagacity in
choosing the right time for your business, and
how expert in finding the object of your search.”
I felt to forgive their forwardness in opening the
gate and going into our garden to appropriate the
food which was intended for other members of the
family, From this let it be inferred that our pigs,
as fur as possible, should have access at the proper
season to those fields where grasshoppers are
thickest.
Must this ‘Nineteenth Century” stop here ?—
beyond what pigs and poultry can do, can nothing
bedone? ‘The spirit of the age” breaks out in
spots, viz:—in Wyoming county, where the grass-
hoppers are caught in large sheets of cotton cloth
or other nets, are immersed in bot water and then,
being dead, are dried and kept for future use,
What returns on the outlay I have not heard. In-
deed the market value of grasshoppers remains
to be established. The /erald has a daily agony
or exultation over the falling or the rising fortunes
of spelter or spermaceti, but it is nowhere in the
grasshopper market.
I have squeezed o large grasshopper in my
fingers (a rough and summary analysis,) to judge
of his substance and consistency, and I haye
guessed be was about equal, in nutritive value, to
a kernel of corn—butI did not calculate how many
to the acre. One thing is certain, some land has
produced more value in grasshoppers than any-
thing else. I reccollet to have heard that a caleu-
lating Yankee (men are sometimes too sharp,)
conceived the idea of driving the devastating
hordes of grasshoppers out of his own Jots into
those of his neighbors. Me got rid/of his grass-
hoppers, but was sued in the courts of law and
paid heavy damages and costs! Perhaps we
might profit by his experience in driving—always
being careful which way we drive!
Take a lot of noisy, hair-brained, rollicking
fellows, who aint fit to drive anything else—put one
at each end of along rope, and supply the company
with bushes, tin-pans and long poles, and my word
for it, the grasshoppers will retreat before them/
(net because these fellows haye any real courage,
but the grasshoppers would be deceived by their
violent pretences,) and so suffer themselves to be
driven into some digit place where they might be
made available as herein before set forth, If
Naroveon, and the Empress with her hoops, would
go out and catch afew, it might be made a fashion-
able pastime, and so we could get something out
of the unproductive classes. By another year let
us be prepared for decisive action.—n. 7, p,
—_—_——__+-+—_____
HOUSE BUILDING.—NO, VI,
Propasty no single feature about country build-
ings conyeys the idea so readily whether they are
houses or barns as the presence or absence of
chimneys, There is no place where the outlay of
alitde money will make as great a difference in
the thing itself, orin the general appearance of the
building, a3 on the chimney top, yet there is no
other one thing about country houses that receives
so little attention, Perhaps this article may in-
duce those farmers who read it, and are now
engaged in building what they desire to be good
houses, to allow the mason an extra half day or
day to finish off the chimneys in a more tasty
style, if possible, than the smoke spouts protruding
from nine-tenths of the farm houses in the country.
Fig. I.—Cunssey Tors.
Fig. I illustrates four different patterns, and
the variety would be endless, were the masons
only determined and their employers willing that
every new top should be from anew model. The
principles to be observed are simple. The size
and proportion depends upon the number and
situation of the flues, The main characteristics of
the building should be embodied in the chimney
top, and there should be a base and cornice to the
one as well as to the other. To plaster the inside
adds one half to the durability. When a building
isin the Italian style, and the roof a square or
hip roof, it seems almost impossible to make
them look well without some kind of finish at the
top. A simple way t off the top, and make
a deck about one-thi e size of the building,
and surround it with a ballustrade, as at Fig. II.
Another way is to put up an observatory, and
when the building is of considerable magnitude,
and the view is increased by the extra elevation,
it is, perhaps, as good a way as any, if you are
not so unfortunate as to make it appear (lite many
we have seen,) as if it had been slid up out of the
building. This may be avoided by using heavy
brackets at the corners, extending down to the
roof, as shown at B, Fig. IT. _
fe
Bacxvstrape, Onservatory any
Ventizatine Caps,
Undoubtedly a great majority of those who are
building houses have become convinced by what
they have read within the last few years, that to
provide a divelling with thorough ventilating
arrangements, is in every sense of the word worth
while, yet itis quite doubtful whether more than
one in every ten will expend the first farthing
toward insuring a good supply of that cheapest of
all things, pure air, At @and D, Fig. II, I have
shown two different forms 0: tilating Caps—
the latter would also make a suitable bell turret
fora farm house. I fear it is too generally sup-
posed that to erect such a cap is all that is neces-
sary to secure a proper ventilation, but such is not
the case, It depends entirely upon the holes and
flues, about which I will give my theory hereafter.
Fig. II.—Veranpan anv Porcu, SKETCHES.
At Fig. III are shown some specimens of veran-
dah and porch work, which will be found much
cheaper, quite as useful, and nearly as pretty, if
notas grand, as a great portico with large columns,
pediment, and a half-moon window blind in the
gable, painted green.
At A isa new style of verandah, the posts and
frieze being simply plank, with the edges cut into
the proper form, and the corners champered, At
B is shown a similar post with braces added,—
Such work is easily got up—it harmonizes well
with natural embelleshments, such as yines and
roses, about which horticulturists and landscape
gardeners talk so much, and is much more durable
than skeleton work of inch boards. At Qis shown
an elevation of a porch, designed to haye a seat on
each side, lattice work above, and temporary
shutters and door for winter. The posts need not
be over six inches square, champered at the cor-
ners, AtD isa plan for projecting gable, supported
by brackets, suitable for outside doors or French
windows; and at E another, still cheaper, yet
better than nothing. J.B. 3.
Pompey, Onondaga Co,, N, ¥,, 1859.
EUROPEAN AGRICULTURE.
Prowrxa vs. Spapixa.—In his recent “Letters
on Modern Agriculture,” Baron Von Ligeia thus
remarks upon the peculiarities of these two pr0-
cesses of preparing the soil:
mixture. This isthe greatestof all the difficulties
which the agriculturist has to overcome. —
Tfa field is to produce a crop, correspondiny
the full amount of food present in it, the first
most important condition for its accomplishment
is, that its physical state be such as to permit even
the finest rootlets to reach the spots where the
food is to befound. The extension of the roots in
every direction must not be obstructed by the co-
hesion of the soil. Plants with thin delicate roots
cannot grow on a tenacious heavy soil, even
with abundance of mineral food. These facts ex-
plain in a very simple manner one of the many”
favorable effects of green manures on such soils,
and enable us to understand the reasons of the
preference given in many cases, by agriculturists,
fto fresh, over rotten, farm-yard manure. The
mechanical condition of the ground is, in fact, re-
markably altered by the plowing in of plants and
their remains. A tenacious soil loses thereby its
cohesion; it becomes brittle, and more readily
pulverized than by the most careful plowing; and
in a sandy soil a certain coherence is i luced -
among its sbifting particles. Wach 5 the
green manure plants plowed in, opens up by its i
decay a road by which the delicate rootlets of the
wheat plant ramify in all directions to seek their
food, With the exception of their combustible
elements, the ground receives from the green ma-
nure plants nothing which it did not previously
contain; and these, of themselves, would haye no
effect on the increase of the crop, without the
presence in the soil of the necessary mineral food.
“Exovanp A Tarrp Laraer.”—Under this ¢i
tion, the London Morning Chronicle ind
strain of pleasantry, fi perusal of whic
give us all a hint worthy of reflection. The
maturity of stock is the subject treated, and
Chronicle remarks :
One of the most noticeable features in
annual cattle shows is the increasing jnyenility of
the animals exhibited. Early maturity is rightly
considered among the most valuable qualities of
every food-producing beast. As increasing the
total supply of provisions for the national com-
missariat, rapid growth and speedy fitness for the
market are qualities which every breeder of stock
should cultivate in his oxen and sheep, as diligent~
ly as the market gardeners compete for precedence
with their peas and strawberries. Space and
time, as philosophers tell us, are often cony: le
terms. The man who can ripen two crops or
fatten two animals in the same period formerly
required for one, has accomplished, practically,
the same result, and earned the proverbial bless-
ing bestowed upon him who “has made two
blades of grass grow where only one grew before,”
In this respect wonders have been already accom-
plished, and every year, if we may judge from the
prize specimens, the animals which supply our
tables with their pieces de resistance are younger
and younger, What would the farmers of the
last century have said if they were shown enor-
mous sirloins only twenty-two montha old, or
expansive ‘‘ saddles,’ whose defunct proprietors
attered their first bleatlast sprin elye months?
Still greater precocity is exhibited among the
highly edible, if not very poetical, tribe of pigs.
At Birmingham, there were on yiew several
groups of ‘fast!’ young porkers, who haye ac-
tually completed their education, and fulfilled all
the duties for which they were called into exist-
ence, within a period of eight or nine months.
Barely three-quarters of a year old, they have
completed their career, and will bequeath a rich
estate of bacon to their residuary legates. Sinee
our island area is limited, we must contrive to
effect the same increase of production by econo-
mizing time which the dwellers in vast continents i
obtain by extending the breadth of cultivation,
The discoyery that a well-ordered rotation of crops.
could save the necessity of leaving fields in fallow
every third year, practically added thirty per cent,
to the wheat-bearing lands throughout the coun-
try. The early maturity now attained in “stock”
is equivalent to a similar extension in the pas-
tures, The modern improvements in agriculture
have made England a good third larger, so far as
regards its food-producing capabilities,
7
; *
MANNER OF Minxo.—From an article on the
“Dairy” in the Jrish Farmers’ Gazette, we make
the following extract:—The manner of milking
exerts a more powerful and Jasting influence on
The common plow and turns up the soit
without mizing it ; it only displaces, to ageciale
extent, the spots on which plants are alre y
grown. But the spade breaks, turns, and mixes
thoroughly. att
‘As the smallest portions of food cannot of them-
selyes leave the spot in which they are held firmly
fixed by thesoil, we can underst timmense
influence must be exerted on ity by its
careful mechanical division and thorough inter-
a ~
the productiveness of the cow than most farmers
are aware of. Thataslow and careless milke
soon dries up the best of cows, every practical
farmer and dairyman knows. ‘The first requisite
ofa good is, of course, the utter cleandiness.
Without this the milk isunendurable. The udder
should, thi e, be carefully cleaned before tho
milking commences. The milker may begin grad-
ually and gently, but should steadily increase the %
rapidity of the operation till the udder is emptied, & 4
b
using » pail sufficiently large to bold ell, without
the necessity of changing. Cows are very sens-
tive, and the pail cannot be cbanged nor can the
milker stop or rise during the ee of milking
without leading the cow more or | to withhold
her milk, The utmost care should be taken to
strip to the last drop, and to do it rapidly, and not
in a slow aod negligent mani which is sure to
hare its effecton the yieldofthe cow, If any muk
is jeft it is re-absorbed into the systom, or else
becomes eaked, and diminishes the tendency to
secrete a full quantity afterwards, If gentle and
mild treatment is observed and persevered in, the
operation of milking appears to be one of pleasure
to the apimal, as it undoubtedly is, but if an oppo-
site course is pursned—if, at every restless move-
ment, caused, perhaps, by pressing & sore teat,
the animal is harshly spoken to—sbe will be likely
to learn to kick ag a babit, and it will be difficult
to overcome it afterwards, To induce quiet and
readiness to give down the milk freely, it is better
that the cows shoul fod at milking-time with
cut food, or roots, placed within their casy reach.
The same person should milk the same cow regu-
larly, and not change from one to another, unless
there are special reasons for it.
|e
To Prevent Cats Kivurxc Caickens, &c.—In the
new London paper Oncea Week, Miss Hannrer
Maarinzav, is publishing a very interesting series
of sketches, entitled, “Our Farm of Two Acres,”
i f which sketches she gives the following
preventive against the killing of chickens
by the cats:—When a cat is seen to cateh
‘ken, tie it around her neck, and make her
it twoor three days. Fasten it securely, for
she will make incredible efforts to get rid of it—
Be firm for that time, and the cat is cured—she
will never sgain desire to touchabird. This is
what we do with our own cats, and what we recom-
mend to our neighbors; and when they try the
experiment, they and their pets are secure from
reproach and danger henceforth, Wild, homeless,
hungry, ragged, savage cats, are more difficult to
catch; but they are outlaws, and may be shot
with the certainty that all the neighbors will be
thankful.
HUNGARIAN GRASS,
Eps. Runat New-Yorker:—Some weeks since
read a short article in your journal from the pen
of my friend, the Hon. A. B. Dickinson, on the
subject of Hungarian grass, Heisaman to whom
Tom d for many valuable hints on agricul-
ture, ave ever considered him a strong
practi on such subjects, I confess I was
somewhat surprised at his views, as they were so
contrary to my li(tle experience and observation,
I would like to know how he comes to the conclu-
sion that itis nothing but the old-fashioned mil-
Jet, and that it is no better than barnyard grass
for stock. Laver, withoutthe fear of contradiction
from apy practical cultivator of the two kinds, that
it has no more similarity than has barley and
g wheat, and that you can no more amalga-
the two kinds by sowing the mixed seed of
together in the same field than you can of
grain; nor is the kernel of the two kinds
ere simiJar in appearance than thatof barley
ing wheat.
o barnyard grass I yield to him the palm,
A had no experience in the use of it as food
for stock. My ambition as a farmer has always
been to wage a war of extermination against its
ql
:
| dozen, but they accomplished that so easily she
ed Fd
Tam not very enthusiastic about Hungarian grass
Qa crop, and do not advise its calture to the ex-
clusion. of otbers, (barnyard excepted,) but 1
would place it with other crops for food for stock.
For s small farmer, who bas but little meadow
land to are, an acre or two will prove of great
value; e farmers i would say, try it for
yourselves, A neighbor of min has sowed some
ten acreson muck bottom land, and is now bar.
vesting the crop, Which is a Jarge omen of it
being estimated by some farmers as. gh as five
to seven tuns to the acre, I think it over-estima-
ted.
You will pardon the length of this articlo as it
ia the firat I bave ever offered to the public on Ag-
riculture, and feel desirous that Hungarian grass
should not be smothered in its infancy in this
country before its merits are fally tested.
Yours truly, Jas.
Prattsburgh, N. Y., 189.
HKIN.
HEN STATISTICS.—PROFITABLE POULTRY.
Eps. Rurat New-Yorxer:—A relative of mine
has six hens and a rooster of the breed known as
Black Polands. They were hatebed Juve lst, 1858,
and commenced laying the 25th day of December
following. Up to the first day of September inst.,
there had been layed seventy-six dozen eggs,
worth, at a moderate estimate, ten dollars. The
whole amount of feed purchased for them during
the same time was four busbels of oats and one of
corn, at an expense of three dollars, Besides this
they have bad crumbs and other refuse from the
table of a small family. Most of the time they
have been confined to a small yard and barn,
It will be seen that these hens have averaged an
egg each every forty hours since they first com-
menced lsying, and that the nett income from
these equals the legal interest on one hundred dol-
lars. Of course the bens bave not been permitted
to lose any time raising chickens, a pleasure which
they are more willing to forego than any other breed
I know of. The laying season is nearly over, but
my friend expects to realize eighty dozen from
them before the year comes round. She says she
|gave the hens a stint on the start to lay sixty
eased it to eighty. They are in a fair way to
accomplish all that is required of them. y
If any of the readers of the Runat can beat the
foregoing jen statistics, let them send on their
facts and figures. ©, C. Be
Syracuse, N, Y., Sept, 1859.
Sg
PLOWING.—MY MODE.
Messrs. Ens,:—As I believe in progress and im-
provement as well as the rest of the boys, and
having read the late numbers of the Rona with
much pleasure and benefit, I would beg permission
to offer a few suggestions about plowing. There
are a great many ways of plowing, as there are for
doing almost all agricultural work, but in my
Breaking Colts.
A warrer in the Country Gent
“As some of yonr subscribers are
their borses bugg’ reins, I will ou my
method of breakin, First, I put on a bigh
part mouth bir, ith no blind;) put on
the harness one hour in the forenoon, and one in
the afternoon, with breecben straps hanging about
the legs—cruppot-pad six inches round. Do this
for one week, tying him on both sides of the stall,
reined moderately. Then change the bit to a
chain-bit, placing him between the of a
double-wagon, between two steady fai borses,
and have bim so regulated by the reins that be can
neither pull too much sor fall back—the old
horses having control over bim by tbe breechen
and reins, Keep him in daily, till he Iearns all
that is necessary when he i en to, seldom
driving off of a walk. Never! 4 young borso
to a barrow, plow, or cultivator, till be is thor-
oughly at and in the wagon—which will take
often six months, Drive with blinds if the colt is
timid or lazy.
If disposed to kick in handling, tie up bis head
as high as possible alongside of the barn, and then
give him a white birch bush till he can be handled
quietly. One good dressing will do the business.
Bitting a colt as some do, and allowing bim to
walk about the yard, I have found to spoil him.
Standing quietly afterwards, when my colts are
broken they need no hitching, however wild when
taken in band, but ore trosty in all respects,
Never give a colt in the hands of a brute of a man
to break, if you ever expect him to be docile, for
like gets like—o mulish man turns out a mulish
horse.
If you wish a serviceable horse, four years is as
young as he should be deemed a horse; hecan be
well broken before that by my method, with little
hindrance about a farm, and is worth three horses
that are put to draft at two past.
P. 3.—You will perceive the pad of the crupper
being made large, not only breaks the colt of that
hugging practice in putting on the crupper, but
he carries a better tail, and has never the power
to hug the reins, and if disposed to bolt, a few
rods with the reins with a chain-bit, will quiet him
for that. Never check a young horse too much
when walking in harness, for it is apt to spoil his
reach and give him a hitching gait.”
Coal Ashes as a Fertilizer.
We have noticed several communications and
editorial digcussions in that valuable Agricultural
paper, the ew England Farmer, remarks the
editor of the Boston Commercial Bulletin, upon
the properties of coal ashes as a fertilizer. To
solve the question affirmatively would be of great
importance to farmers and gardeners, especially
those living in the vicinity of cities and towns
where coal is used for fuel. Without any preten-
opinion there is only one right way, howsocver
little it is followed. You see a great many large
farms, and to judge how all the work is done on
them, you need look no farther than the plowing.
Here is a man plowing in a field of forty acres, we
will say. Now, the mechanic and artizan both
have rules in performing their business, but this
man has no rule; he starts from one side at no
particular place, for the other side, and by dint of
many crooked strides and a much crookeder fur-
row he arrives at the opposite side, without tres-
§ growth. Its good qualities for stock I will not
i " therefore speak of, but I may perhaps venture a
j ‘reason why I prefer the Hungarian grass as a crop
| to the barnyard variety.
| _‘ Early in the season of 1858, having seen favora-
| ble notice of it in several journals, I ordered a
i bushel of the seed from a seed store in New Tae
and paid the humbug price of $5 per bushel of 50
Ibs., (reminding one of the days of China tree corn
a an potatoes.) The grass seed I divided
| with my neighbors, retaining only six quarts for
i f, which I sowed on one side of my barley
field, it being on wheat stubble ground, and no
msnure. I cut from two-thirds of an acre over
‘twotuns and put it into my barn and fed my lambs
(some eighty in number) a foddering of it every
noon. At first they did not seem to relish it, but
within a week they ste it with avidity, always pick-
ing for the heads first. I also fed other stock with
it with the same success. Mylambs improved ap-
parently as well as thoy would had I given them
the same quantity of oats in the sheaf.
Last spring I sowed on oat stubble ground with
a slight dressing of manure, one acre and two-
thirds. Itcaine up nicely before the disastrous
frost and by that was entirely killed. I re-sowed
and harrowed in the second time, which has pro-
duced me over six tuns, that is housed in good
order, for which I would not take less than $12 per
tun, while I will sell good hay for ten,
T have said I had no experience in barnyard
grass as food for stock but some in its destruction.
One fact must be obvious of the superiority of the
Hungarian to the barnyard as feed. The head of
the Hungarian is very tenacious in holding on to
its seed, not shelling in the process of cutting and
Securing. Itis very hard to thresh, the most so
of any grain I have ever attempted to thresh, thus
bringing with itto the feed rack all that it has
produced, while the barnyard variety cannot be
cut and cured without the loss, almost entirely,
of its seed, thereby greatly reducing its value as
‘food. Again, the superiority of the Hungarian
over its competitor, is the fact that you are in no
danger of its becoming a noxious weed te curse
Tour grounds and damage your future crops—no
more 80 than oats or wheat. To raise it you must
Sow it overy season as it will not lie in the ground
over winter and propag.
ate the next season, but
Teaves the ground clean fora future crop. Ib :
n article in the New York
FM writer, saying that it fo
d stiffened the limbs of horned ¢
ae, and in
6 argu ‘Against it than
“orn, which will do the sume thing
x sk for a long time, I would
ding of shi or other stock
ats or other grain
‘ grain in
cial results.
cently seen
r (
oats 0
passing, it may be, on bis neighbor's land. ButI
will give my way and have done. .
Pace off an equal distance at both ends—say ten
paces, for the first land, so that it will not be too
wide for back-furrowing. Seta stake at the oppo-
site end, and another about six rods from it.
Make a mark with the foot at the place you start
from; before starting tie a loop in each line, so
that they shall be tight. Take hold of the plow
handles, and do not look back. A. WALKER.
Millon, Rock Co., Wis., 1859.
———_ +e+
WINTER FALLOWING—INQUIRY,
Messns. Eps :—I saw in the Rurat of Sept. 17th
an article on winter fallows, and as [ am youngin
scientific farming, and decidedly opposed to doing
a thing half way, I thought I would consult you
and-your many correspondents in regard to it. I
have an orchard just in its prime, that has been
rather badly dealt with. The soil has been badly
run, and one day a man gotin with an axe and
made sad hayoc among the trees. Two years ago
it was sowed to clover and timothy, and has given
good crops, The soil is lonm with a mixture of
gravel. Now, will winter fallowing work on this
for corn? My plan would be to plow about the
middle of October, and leave in furrows until
spring; then, as soon as the ground would work
in the spring, go and harrow and plow just before
planting; giving it a dressing of barn yard ma-
nure to be plowed under, and then, after it is
plowed, give it a dressing of swamp muck, or de-
posit from water, mixed with lime, to be harrow-
edin, I wish to know if the sod will rot so that
the grass will not be tronblesome in the corn, and
if lime and muck will work well together, and
how much unslaked lime is best to be applied per
acre on land that is not used to such treatment,
and if there is any manure within reach of ordi-
nary farmers that would be better.
Yates Co., 1859. Youno Fanwen.
——__ +e —____
SORGHUM ‘STILL LIVES.”
Iy the Runax of Sept. 17th, is an article upon
“Sorghum—where is it?” The writer thinks he
has got Sorghom and Sorghum men in a tight
place. He says—How is Sorghum?” but more
ularly,” where is it the current year?”
ese questions I can say that Sorghum is
ping, that I have some over ten feet high, and
B.P i jovember next, for a
it end him a barrel of
, grown in 1859, on the 42-45 par-
J. Then he can taste, see, smell, and handle,
believe that it is no humbug, and that it will
be a standard crop as long as corn
Let anti-sorghum men who are short for sweet-
ening, send on their for syrup. That will
be facts, and 't dodge.
W. E, Orarx,
sions to a practical knowledge of the subject, we
are tempted to give our experience in a small way,
Upon a half acre of land, partly in grass and
partly cultivated, we have tried the experiment as
follows, with great success ;
In November we cleared out of the cellar ashes
made the previous season from seven tuns of
anthracite coal, mixed with the ashes of one-half
cord yellow pine wood used in kindling; to this was
added equal parts of horse manure and loam, well
mixed together. A part of this was used at the
time npon a piece of grass ground more than
twenty years in the sward, put on about two
inches thick as a top-dressing, which has this year
produced two crops of fine grass, in place of white
weed and other nuisances, and the ground has
shown no signs of being affected by the dry
weather, The balance lay in a heap till spring,
and was used on the cultivated ground, both for
spreading and in the hill,
Resvits.—While in former years the early pota-
toes planted from the same kind of sced haye
invariably rotted before the time for digging, this
year there has been the most productive crop of
the largest and best quality. The sweet corn aver-
ages nine feet in the stalk, the leaves of a clear
green, and the ears perfectly filled, and so with all
the other vegetables in the garden. We believe
coal ashes have been rejected without a fair test.
The great hue and cry made about their destruc-
tiveness to the trees on our Common, instead of
leading to careful investigation, resulted in a sum-
mary condemnation, » The same result might have
followed, if lime, plaster, or even wood ashes had
been used, as the coal ashes were,—to the depth of
two feet or more, dnmixed with loam or sand.
We hope the experiment will be fairly tested, as
everything which helps build up the farmer’s ma-
nure heap is beneficial not only to him, but to
those who depend on him for their vegetables.
Use of a Check Rein.
Tse NV. 2. Farmer makes some excellent sug-
gestions upon this subject:—‘‘Any person whose
attention bas been called to the subject, and who
still persists in the use of a tight check rein, ought
to have his head placed in a similar position to that
which ke has cruelly subjected the horse. If I
were the Grand Sultan, every man who torments
his horse with a check rein, should hold his arm at
right angles with his body for an hour at atime,
once in twenty-four hours, as long as he continued
the use of the check rein. The practice of draw-
ing in the heads of team horses, by means of this
pernicious strap, is especially cruel. The horse,
in endeavoring to expend his strength, needs the
free and natural use of his head and neck. The
cramping position now enforced, is alike severe
and injurious to horses, and in business, and
should be eased off till nature is at free play.”
a.
New Aczicurtcean Jovexats.—We are in receipt
of The Farmer and Gardener, ® neat appearing
monthly Just commenced at Philadelphia, Pa., by A.
M. SraNoune, at one dollara year. It has the look of
success, but so many agricultural Journals have been
started, temporarily flourished and died in Phila,, that
this must be regarded as an experiment We have
Also recelved the firat number of 7he Western Farmer's
Magazine, an octavo monthly of 82 pages, published
by Brnpsarx, Buos,, Chi Ii, at $1. While we
wish success to all meri enterprises, we hardly
think such monthly os the Magaeine can succeed, or
is required, while so geod a weekly as the Prairte
Farmer is in the field.
o
ural Sliscellanp.
THER proved moat nnpropitions for the
Faire beld tast week, A heavy rain storm Prevailed on
Toenday, Wednesday and partof Toursday over a large
Area of this State, eo that the County and Towa Fairs
Were sertously damaged, In several tnatances the
exhibitions were continued through Friday, thus seour-
log ono fair day. The Present woek opens warm and
sunsbiny—with a promise of floo weather for the shows
and farm operations.
P, 8. 108s Another rain storm has set in, and
We fear the week will be anfayorablo for Fairs, &o,
N. Y. Stave Acriovitunar Coueon—We learn that
Ata moeting of tho Trustees of this Toatitution. beld at
Ovid on the 22d ult, Maj MB, Pataton was ‘unanl-
mously clected President of tho College, and signified
to the Board bis aeceptance of the appointment, This
{sa most important and Progressive siep-one which
cannot prove otherwise than highly gratifying to the
frlends of the College and all acquainted with the ap-
Appolntes, who ts, in many respects, eminently qasiified
to discharge tho duties of the responsible position. A
Braduate of West Point, and for many years in the
Army, Maj, Parriok has the reputation of being an
excellent and thorough disciplinarian and executive
manager —essential requisites for the head of such an
institution, Moreover, be is a Drpotloal mas; baving
retired from the service many years ago, and devoted
himself to the practtce and solence of Agriculture,
Under his supervision we may confidently hope that
the Agricultural College will soon regain the reputation
lost by the appointment and administration of bis pre-
decossor, and prove more than an experiment. Gon-
sidering the appointment eminently At and proper,—
calculated to Inspire confidence and give the Institution
8 prestige of success,—we congratulate t foard, and
friends of Agricultura) Education, upon the election
nd acceptance now announced,
— We are tnformed that the College building is pro-
Greasing to completion—will be under roof in two or
three wecks—and preparations for finishing the inside
are already progressing.
Trm Rorat Festrvats -Fares—of the present An-
tum aro attracting onusual attention In all parts of the
conntry. From the great National Show at Chicago to
the hamblest Town Fairs, the exhibitions thus far held
‘seem to bave been largely attended and richly enjoyed
by contributors and visitors, Our exchanges from
nearly all parts of the Union contain gratifying reports
of these exbibitions, which are annually augmenting in
numbers, osefalness, and popularity as occasions of
festivity or “harvest home” celebrations,
— We have often urged the importance of Ag’ Fairs
as affording recreation and needed holidays tothe Breat
Producing class of the country, aside from thelr useful-
ness in promoting improvement and the pecuniary
interests of fodividuals and community, On this point
the New England Farmer of last week well ssys:—
“The agricultural exhibitions which are now being
held come very opportunely to relieve the tediam of
the long Interval between Independence and Thanks-
giving Days, which, with Fast day, constitnte almost
the sole relaxation allowed to themselves by the Inhabi-
tants of New England. The pursuit of the ‘almighty
dollar,’ which is often held up as o reproach against
the Americans as a people, allows of no recreation to
the overtasked powers of mind and body. Too little
relaxatton from labor, and too close copfluement to the
counting-room or work-benab, we believe, are product-
ive of more physical evil than anyother cause. We
do not mean to adyocate idleness nor extravagance,
but we think that wo have too few holidays for our real
welfare, We are, therefore, a zealous adyocate of the
farmers’ festivals, aside from their value from an sgri-
cnitural point of view, as they affurd us the desired
opportunity of refreshing our wearied bodies, and en-
Joying a rational and profitable enjoyment.”
Bovowron Wuoeat.—We have received a yery fina
sample of this wheat, grown by Mr. Wa. R. Dunyse,
of Nunda, Livingston Co.,N.¥. One bushel was sown
about the 26th Sept,—winter-killed a good desl, and
the yellow birds destroyed at least ono-third of the crop.
It produced fourteen bushels by measurement, and
weighed 65 iba, por bushel, Mr. D. bas sown the four-
teen bushels, and hopes to have a fine crop next season.
— Speaking of Boughton Wheat, Mr. Jos Hours,
of Burot Hills, Saratoga Co,, writes us tbat he last year
obtained a bushel from Baltimore, and sowed it about
Sept. Ist, on oat stubble, plowed once and without any
manure, Balance of field sowed ot same time with
Mediterranean. Nearly the wholo fold wintered well,
From the bushel of Boughton he obtained sixteen
bushols of wheat weighing 643g Ibs. to the bushel. It
was harvosted ten days earlier than the Mediterranean,
Mr. H. says ho is so well pleased with the result that he
sball sow (or has sown) his entire crop of Boughton
this fall, He hopes to hear from all who have tried new
varieties of wheat the past year.
TRANSACTIONS OF A Fanaens’ Orvn,—We are in-
debted to the Publisher, D. Avzn, of Little Falls, for a | '
well printed octayo yolume of 257 pages, entitled
“Pasuys and Discussions on Agriculture, before the
Farmors’ Club of Little Falls. Edited by the Secretary
of the Club, Published by Resolution of the Associa-
tion.” The work is mainly comprised of Essays and
Remarks read and delivered by members of the Club,
and which evince much intelligent investigation and
successful practical experience, It is certainly bighly
creditable to all concerned. The simple fact that such
a yolume of Transactions is issued by the modest
Farmers’ Club of a quiet town in Mohawk Valley, is
ono of tho best “signs of the times” we have noted
for menths, and most encouraging evidence that the
ouuse of Roral Progress and Improvement {s quielly
but surely advancing, Success to all Farmers’ Clubs!
Viotoxy Towns Fain,— We learn from Mr. D. L,
Ha.sey, Secretary, that the Victory (Cayuga Co,) Fair,
Sept. 22d, was one of the most pleasant ever held by
the Society. Tho show of Stock, of all kinds, was full
and fine. Theexhibition of Fruit was not beaten inthe
county, and there was a decorative display of flowers
and fanoy articles. Of Vegetables the show was
finest ever seen at town or county fair. An excellent
address was delivered by Dr, 8. H, Pavan, followed by
some sound, practical remarks from H.8. Hannis, Eeq,
on Drainage,—who also, on behalf a Viewing Com-
mittee, reported a general and encouraging improvo-
ment through the Town under the influence of the
Society, and specially noticed two instances of success-
ful swamp druinage—one of § and the other of 11 neres.
OvuixG Conn Fopper.—In a recentletter Mr. Netson
Payne, of Auburn, says :—“ I have formerly bound my
corn and lost much of it, Lust year I tried an experi-
‘ment in curing corn sown for fodder, It may be cut
with the mower or with the scythe; when wilted put it
into cooks (using forks) until cured. When mowing
away for winter use itis a mos Plan t put alternately
a Jayor of corm and dry straw.”
Ao. Fans xext Wwex.—State Pairs are to be held
Oot. 4-1, as follows—New Yorkyat Albany; Michigan,
at Detroit; New Hampshire, at Dover. New York
Unton and Town Fairs—Clymer, Oct, 5, 6; al
6th; Hammond, Oct 6,7; Pavilion and Covington,
ew §
oe 7
ee
Annual Fair
held at Albany ne;
the Albany and ’
pl gece a lon com-
ated ani f
Teport themeclves at the Boones ome ae desired to
Wednesday, Oct 5—Judges w
=renei¥e thelr books of entries seamen ‘3
Lear Exnibition of Oatue, Thorac, thee
9 and Poultry; Implements and Mach! a
operation; Trial of Romania the ri ere
ireces Cattle will be examined In the ria ‘Opared
ur them, and
caule: ic tabvinwe. affixed by the Judges befor the
Thurs Oct 6—Exhibitions continued ; ra
day,
Gnd Spading Machines; Floral, Mechaniea!, Dom
ae Ra Balas Paintings, Engravings, &c., opes
Animals will be publicly ox.
lon of Maj. Panton, General
q
the
carrying out the Fatr fn all the Saar
Bread will have bis Office upon the Fair Groun
where overy attention wil be iven to the
visitors who may be present. e abs
Tue Oxonpaga Co. Fatn—at Syracuse, Sept —
was rendered meagre by the almost “nto
daring the flrat two days. We visited the Fair Grounds
on the 21st but tho exhibition of Stock, Implement
&o., was slim indeed. Among the fow implementa,
Sueuwoon's Binder was tho most noteworthy. It is
sald to be practical and perfect by those who havo used
{t—dolog the work of five men; it costa somo 250, and
is readily attached to a reaper, A new wire-tooth
horse-rake—on wheels, with seat for drirer—was shown
by J. Guixxec1, Jr., of Payettyille, and had tho appear-
© of being a good thing A eolf-regalating wind-
mill, operating a pamp, worked admirably and attracted
mach attention. It was lovented and manufactured or
quite a young man-E, W. Miia, of Amber—and oan.
be furnished at a cost of $25. Indoors wo found a fair
display of Fruits, Vegetables, Dairy Products and Do
mestic Manufactures, Among tho fruits, 0. Porn, of
Syracuse, exbibited 16 varieties of Grapes grown undor
glass—a very fine and creditable display. We met
some progressive farmers and borticulturists — Hom,
Go. Gzppes, 8. N. Howes, E+q, and several officers
and members of the Society—but the attendance of
exhibitors and visitors was very limited. Indeed, bad
a8 was the weather, the show and attendance were not
what wo anticipated in good old Onondaga, and wo
fear some cause other than the temporary storm -per-
haps the reign of General Apathy —must be assigned
for the apparent lack of interest manifested.
Conrianp County Fare.—It was our good fortune to
Pass two days at and in the vicloity of this Fair, held
on the grounds of the Society, between Homer and
Cortland, last week. The weather being unpropitious
during the three days selected fer the exbibil
was continued through Friday. On visiting th ir
Grounds—Thuraday morning—we were agreeably sur-
prised to Ond quite @ fine exhibition in most depart-
ments, and @ Jarge attendance, notwithstanding tho
unfavorablo weather. The fine grounds contain 18
acres, and are pleasantly situated, being nearly equi-
distant from the villages already named, The finely~
decorated Floral Hall comprised a creditable exhibition
of Fruits, Flowers, and Vegetables, with some good
samples of Grain; also, a fine display of Domestic and
Faucy Manufactures, and several pencil drawings, ofl
palntiugs, eto. We can hardly do more than speak of
this and other departments of the Pair in general
terms; and though we observed many things worthy of
commendation, can only note afew, Mr, Wivuram ML
Exton, of Scott, exhibited 33 varieties of apples (from
over fifty cultivated) and 10 of pears, Messrs. J. M.
ScneRMennons and J. & P. Bannen, of Homer, mado a
display of grapes grown under gluss—inoluding
some of the finest clusters we ever saw. In the floral
department, Mr, Panis Bannen, of Homer, (a gentle-
man of fine taste in that line) was a prominent contriba-
tor, Of Tools, Implements and Machinery there was
quite a large and excellent display—much better than
we expected to see, even in fair weather. Messra 8,
D, Fazer of Cortlapd, and J. W. & A, Stoxx of Homer,
wero the most prominent exhibitors, each making 4
very creditable show, including leading articles of the
best manufacture, Exsey’s Horse Power, Thresher,
&o,, was shown by E, W. Oapy of Dryden, and a now
Cheose Vat by D. W. Mapres of Homer, There was a
large display of Stoves, Tin-ware, &¢.,—prinolpally by
Gxo, Munnar of Homer, and 8, D, Freee of Cortland
—and an excellent show of Harnesses, &c., by Onas,
H. Wieacon of Homer. Most of the Live Stock had
been removed from the grounds. We however saw
ven full blood Devons and six grades, exbiblied by
, Jon Corr, of Freetown—a very fine herd, includ-
Ing several superior animals, such as bull “ Jupiter,”
and cows‘ Fanny,” * Nancy Dawson,” and “ Leonora.”
J, Henny Conr (a lad of 15,) bad an admirably traiaed
yoke of three year old steers, (grade Devons) Mr.
Lywan Murpoor, of Venice, Cayuga Co., exhibited a
yoke of fat cattle —grade Short-horns— which were
extra; taken all in all the finest pair of fut cattle wo
have seep. They are six years old, sald to actually
welgh 6,400 Ibs, and to have gained 2,700 Ibs, in 2T
months. They were sired by the Short-horn bull
“Genoseo,” from the herd of J. 8, Wapswontn, of
Livingston Co, An exhibition of Deers, owned by
Col. Crocker, of Biogbampton, attracted much atten-
tlon—and the deer chase, on the grounds, was am
exciting affair, But we cannot particularize further,
Considering the uppropitious weather the Pair was
remarkably successful, in both display and attendance,
evincing the right spirit and action on the part of the
people of the county. Beth Thursday and Friday the
grounds were thronged with persons of the right class
—intelligent, enterprising and progressive producers—
and we were glad to make the personal acquaintance
of many whom we had only known previously on
paper. And we may add thatthe attention and recep-
tion given by @ large audience to the address of &
janior in years and experience, (and delivered under
unfavorable clroumstances,) was both complimentary
and gratifying.
— We would fain add some “sight notes” relative
to the plensant villages of Homer and Cortland and the
beautiful valley in which they are situated, but time and
space forbid details. A drive through the Villages, and
a portion of the surrounding valley, in eompany with
Mr. Pauts Banuzn—a zealous and influential promotor
of Rural Improvement—{mpressed us most favorably.
Tho villages, with their one academies, churches and
residences, are both beautiful while the adjacent coun- Fp,
try presented a charming appearance. ‘The combined
valley and hill farms of Messrs. Barber, Hobart, Hitel-
cock, Hawley, Hubbard, Merrill, Goodell, Bullard,
Chataborlain, Randall, and others in the vicinity of the
two villages, possess beauties and advantages rarcly
found in so small a compass. But we must close this
hastily penned and imperfect notice.
Tog
4 |
FRUIT GROWERS’ WCET OP WESTERN NEW YORK.
ru Meeting. — Morning Session.
Vox Apvus! Actomn Meeting of the Fruit
wers’ Society of Western New York was beld
Rochester, on Tharsday, the 22d ult, The Pres-
ident, Bexy. Hovce, took the chair at 11 o'clock,
and at that time there was a large attendance of
members from abroad, which was largely increased
dering the afternoon. Many members brought
with them specimens of fruit, and the show of
grapes was exceedingly fine.
Alter the reading of the proceedings of the last
meeting, the Committee on Subjects for discussion
presented their report, which was accepted and
the subjects were disc in the order presented.
SUMMER PRUNING OF THE GRAPE.
Does Sommer proniog of the Grape basten the ma~
(arity and snijrove the quality of the fruit, and ada to
ie sine, 7
oe Hooker said all experienced grape grow-
knew that the grape must be summer pruged,
orit become a thicket of leaves and branches,
mt ER tothesun. He did not think, bow-
ever, that severe summer pruning hastened, but
vatber retarded early ripening. Vines that ex-
tend their branches into trees generally ripen
speeimens in this situation earlier than on the
trellis, The object of summer pruning is to im-
prove the size and quelity of the fruit.
Buxs. Pisa supposed the object of summer prun-
ing was to throw the gap into the fruit, which
otherwise would be used in the extension of the
vine, and in this way the fruit was not only en-
larged; but came to maturity earlier, That wis
his experience.
W. P. Towxsenn, of Lockport, thought there
‘was 00 difference of opinion in regard to the ne-
cessity of summer pruning. The only question
‘was as to the extent to which it should be carried.
His own impression was that we should heed a
little the teachings of nature in this respect, and
it is known that the sop tends to the extremities.
There may be so great a development of top as to
retard the ripening, but on the other hand he was
satisfied too severe pruning also retards the ma-
turity of the fruit. His neighbor, Mr. Parxe, had
concluded to let his vines make their natural
growth, as he thought he had lost several crops by
following the usual method of shortening the main
branches and side shoots,
W. B. Swiru, of Syracuse, would in part agree
with Mr. Townsenp, but we must start right —fol-
lowing a somewhat natural course from the com-
mencement. If the vine is planted in comnion
soil, without manare, and it is allowed to take ite
course, only having trees or something to which
the tendrils can attach themselves, and keep the
branches extended, we shall get a crop of fuir
grapes, though not large, But when we planta
Vine ina rich, highly manured soil, and attempt
to confine it to a trellis of ordinary dimensions,
summer as well as winter pruning is necessary,
or the whole becomes swamp of foliage and
branches, when the fruit will never ripen. The
only question is, at what time is it best to prune,
and to what extent.
Dr. Bnistor, of Dansville, said it was difficult to
give specific rules and say how much to prune,
but his experience was, that as a general thing it
was safe to remove one-half the fruit and one-half
the wood and foliage, and the half that is left will
give more weight of grapes than though the whole
was allowed to remain, Dr, Unperuit, of Cro-
ton Point, pruned on this system.
Mr. Herenpeen, of Macedon, said that if pron-
ing was carried to such an excess as to affect the
health of the vine, it would of course injure the
fruit. We must, in our pruning baye regard to
the health of the vine. It was generally believed
that the sap must be elaborated by the leaves be-
fore itis in acondition to be used by the fruit,
The removal of too many leaves would of course
be injurious to both vine and fruit.
Dr. Brisrox said if too much wood was allowed
toremain the sap would be exhausted by its natural
increase. Ringing showed the advantage of giving
the fruit a full flow of sap,
Mr. Moony, of Lockport, said, with proper prun-
ing, the buds may be fully developed, so as to se-
eure a crop of grapes every year, and yet not
forced to break in the autumn prematurely.
Mr. Rixavesore, of Lockport, practiced the spur
system of pruning somewhat, and had very good
Success with the renewal system. Sixty-seven
vines, three years old, (Isabellas) averaged 16 Ibs,
of fine grapes each. From one cane five feet long
cut 85 pounds of fruit,
S. H. Arssworrm had experimented a good deal
with grapes— pruned them and left them upprun-
ed, and had in his own mind established these
facts. Let the vine take a natural course and it
will bear very well for a few years, A neighbor
EE aero ae grower, Mr, Wiicox, had a
¢ vine, Which bad been allowed to grow
naturally, although it was Spread ont ee cri to
be over crowded. It is now so large that it does
not make as much new wood as & young vi
g vine
would. It bears a good many grapes — the qual-
ity is not good, and they do not ripen as early by
ten days as on those vines that receive a good sum-
mer pruning. Had 39 vines growing, all treated
alike, except three, which are not pruned. These
three made a heavy mass on the trellis, four feet
thick at the top. Did not get three pounds of
Srapes from these three vines, they were poor,
mildewed and worthless. The other thirty-six
Produced § bountiful crop—last season at the rate
0f 16,220 pounds to the acre—some of the bunches
8 solid and compact as Miller's Burgundy.
‘Mr. B. Stars, of Syracuse, inquired if the canes
on the pruned vines ripened as well as on the
Praned, 0 as to endure the winter.
Mr. Arssworrs replied that
larger aed better ripened shan on |
vines. Knew of one old vine ia bis
that bad grown at random for m'
produced pe ripe fruit, when it was | do
and pruned by Mr. Tec since which time it
had borne magoificentfruit. Some of the bunches
were shown him and he dared vot call them J
bella at first, without knowiog where they were
grown, for they were as large as Black Humburgs.
One gentleman stated that the Hon, Mr. Porrues,
of Naples, always took his vines from treilis
in the fall and covered them with about incbes
of earth, and the result wes that they started
earlier and ripened earlier than vines that were
left uncovered.
The discussion of this question was continued
at some length, but nothing of special importance
Was elicited.
Afternoon Session.
VARIETIES OF GRAPES FOR GENERAL CULTURE.
Coen any other variety of Grape beside Isahella be
recommended for genera) cultivation in Westera New
York?
Mr. Hoag would recommend the Hartford Pro-
lifio Grape, Wad cultivated it for four years and
found it four weeks earlier than the /rabella, grow-
ing by its side, while it is more productive and
about equal in quality. It is good eating by the
firatSeptember, Cultivated in the open ground,
trained to stakes, it always ripens. We hear of a
great many ripe /eabellas, but always find upon ex-
amination that they are in some peculiarly favor-
able situation, by the side of a house, &0, In
ordinary places Isabella is not fully ripe one year
inten. Hartford Prolific is said to drop badly,
but if exposed to the sun it is less liable to drop.
Mr. H. would add the Delaware, which with him
was ripe the 10th of September, and a better grape
than any other. Had fruited the Ooncord for two
years. Itis very fioe grape, although not quite
equal in quality to Hartford Prolific. Ripens ten
days or two weeks before the Isabella. The Diana,
although not fully ripe until after the Concord,
ripens a few berries very early and they are fine
flavored, sweet and delicious. The Perkins is fully
three weeks earlier than the Isabella, is probably
a seedling of the Catawba, with same flavor, Re-
becea is said to be a feeble grower, but had not
proved so with Mr, H.
P. Banry—This is a subject of importance and
one wherein caution and experience too are neces-
sory. Very few cultivators in Western New York
can speak from experience as to the qualities of
these sorts for general, extensive, and profitable
culture. Gentlemen must try them thoroughly,
in the vineyard, as well as in the garden, and then
we shall know if they prove really hardy and pro-
ductive, and if they ripenearly, Outof the whole
number of what may be called new grapes, I have
not sufficiently tested any variety except the
Diana, The Diana, I believe, is a grape possess-
ing all the qualities which are required for a prof-
itable and popular grape. When ripe it is of most
delicious quality—so that one cannot be wrong in
recommending it. Our De/awares are not ripe.—
Gentlemen import them from Southern Ohio for
exhibition. Ihave seen Delawares in other gar-
dens, in the city, not ripe, Still, the Delaware is
8 delicious little grape, and a very important ac-
quisition. Rebecca I don’t think will ever be prof-
itable, because the vine suffers in the summer
from the sun, It shows all the delicacy and ten-
derness of a foreign grape. By the side of the
Delaware, on the same trellis, the Rebecca shows
tenderness, while the Delaware is perfectly hardy.
Concord I think is going to be a valuable grape,
although of nothing like go fine a quality as some
think. A few days earliness just saves it from be-
ing discarded. Hartford Prolific is entirely des-
titute of acidity at any stage of its ripening, and
that is one of its defects. When Hartford Prolific
and Isabella are equally ripe one is sour and the
other sweet. And here Mr. B. drew a distinction
between sourness and acidity, showing that an
acid grape should not be therefore condemned.
The Hartford Prolifie drops from the bunch, whieh
is a serious defect for market purposes. Northern
AMuscadine is a little earlier and drops worse. On
the whole, until we larger experience, Mr. B.
would only recommend one sort far general cul-
ture, and that was the Diana. But every gentle-
man’s garden should have the Delaware,
Mr, Hooker thought we had some grapes which
were worthy of general and extensive cultivation,
but with our present experience it was probably
not best to make outalist. With our present ex-
perience, as to the Delaware, there is no doubt but
we shall find it a desirable grape, it is so hardy
and so productive. On his own premises the Del-
Aware is fully ripe upon an open trellis. Where
the Jeadet/a is unripe and unfit to eat, the Delaware
is good. Certainly I should say it is a fortnight or
three weeks earlier than the Isabella. The Hart-
Jord Prolific is the earliest grape that I have
ripened, and for my own use is a very good grape.
The Concord follows shortly after the Hartford
Prolific, and though I cannot praise it very highly,
still it ripens two weeks or more earlier than the
Isabella. The Rebecoa I have no confidence in
whatever, its leaves burn so much in summer.—
The Diana is a grape which I esteem very highly;
& good deal better every year I know it, The fruit
is very rich and delicious and the vine is a great
| bearer.
Mr. C. L. Hoa remarked that Delaware ripened
with bim about the 10th of September, In Lock-
port they were esteemed far superior to the Diana,
in every respect except size. One two-year-old
vine produced one hundred clusters of grapes.
Mr. E. Moony, of Lockport, thought the Déda-
ware worthy of cultivation by all the gentlemen
here, but Delaware is not nearly as large as the
Diana, The Diana isa very strong grower, also.
Delaware is very valuable for garden purposes,—
Liked the Delaware grape, but, until we know it
better, no farmer should set out an acre of it.—
Diana is equally as hardy as the Jsabel/a, and o
Sreater bearer. The wood is shorter jointed, and
consequently there are more buds to fertilize.—
Another advantage, it ripens earlier, and ten days
before it is ripe it is as good as the ripest Isabella,
The Diana will bang upon the vines to the very
of the longest season without dropping.
Honas, Esq., thought this a most important
wqniry. Wah bi
od more, the Isat es not
pen. It1s poor,
insipid, in tack
ss. There is consequently
& sort of grape maois for some better grape. —
Hundreds and bundreds of Seedlings are ana will
be brought forward which mus!
good variety ; any sort al
ripe earlier, and if wi gt such « grape or
ean get one, it wall bi gain. People call
the Isabella ripe as soon as it begins to turn a jit-
te brownish; but the Isabella when fully ripe is a
dead black, as black as any Concord grape upon
the tables to-day.
P. Barry, Esq., had neglected to mention that
old and deserveoly farorite grape the Clinton —
The genUeman is pow in the room who introduced
it to pablic notice and named it. Although o
sow! pe it has one distinguishing excellence,
it never drops, whilst it Tipeps early. Bunches
were ripe two weeks ogo. The froit can be kept
until New Years day, t that time be m good
condition. Long kee) seems to Work a change
in the fruit ke away Its acidity, so that it
becomes a dell gilegrape, Another thingit
is most easily ated, and will run and bear
everywhere er pruced or not, If we of
Western New York ever turn ittention to
Wine making, the Clinton will grape we
sball use for the purpose. ms
Axvan Covey had kept the Clinton grape into
Februas and it seemed to bea characteristic of
of the Variety that the longer we Kept them the
Sweeter they were.
Mr. Hoa bere remarked that the Diana was a
most excellent keeper and did not drop from the
bunches. a
_ 8. H. Arxsworru spoke of his friend Dr. Miner,
who in the eastern part of Mogroe County, had
raised fruit from Diana vines for five years. The
Diana was a most excellent grape, ripening earli-
lier than the Isabella, and the Doctor liked it so
well that he extended bis vineyard to 500 vines.—
Cultivated in the same manuer, and trained upon
the same trellis with the Isabella, the vines bore
as much weight of fruit as the Isabella, and far
better in quality, while ia time of ripening it was
earlier. On the same premises where he hud
Terenas» ripe Isabella, the Diana had ripened
0 the Isabella, and
and ripened fully every year for five years, and
“in quality far superior.” Had raised the Clinton
more years than the Diana, and until after frost
comes its acidity makes it worthless, as a table
grape, by the side of the Diana.
The sae then by & unanimous vote recom-
mended the Diana grape for general cultivation in
Western New York.
BEST PEARS FOR WESTERN WEW YORK.
What varieties of Pears aye proved productive and
of good quality throughout Western New York, in
all localities ?
Vice-President War. Brows Surra, of Onondaga
Co , was called to the chair,
B. Hopoe, Esq., spoke of the Bartlett, as coming
early into bearing, whetber on pear or quince, and
possessing most of the good qualities that a good
pear should have. The Flemish Beauty wants
picking early, and should not be allowed to ripen
on the tree, but, let it be picked early and itis
very delicious. In Buffalo, Steven's Genesee was
liked very much, and itis very successful, As to
the Seckel, no one could say too much in its praise.
W. P. Townsenv said Louise Bonne de Jersey
grown as a dwarf, exceeds any variety in produc-
liveness that be bad ever cultivated. Duchesse d'
Angouleme is also exceedingly fruitful, but neither
of these varieties succeeds as well upon the pear
stock as op the quince. The only fault with the
Vicar of Winkjield is thetit bears too abundant,
and we must thin the fruita little. Among the
newer pears, thought the Howell promised to
one of the most valuable fruits. The fruit aver-
ages the size of Beurrs Diel, ts of a bright color,
of fine appearance and of first rate excellence. —
Tyson where known, is 4 universal favorite, an
abundant bearer either as a standard or dwarf,
Mr. T. didn’t know but that if he were compelled
to select one variety from all the others, he would
select the Brandywine. It ripens about the same
time as the Bartlett. The tree asa dwarf, is in-
clined to grow too luxuriantly, and requires se-
yere pruning. As to the Belle Lucrative, any
body that has ever eaten them need not havea
word said about the quality, The great fault in
cultivators of the pear is that they neglect to pick
their fruit soon enough, and in ripening the tex-
ture becomes woody and fibrous instead of juicy
and rich.
E. W. Herexneen—With me the Washington
pear exceeds alliothers, Fruit of the highest fla-
vor, and every year a full crop.
S. H. Aixsworra — Would add to what friend
Townsenp has said about the Zyson, that the
fruit is very fine and that the tree bearsa full
crop. With proper trimming a3 a standard it
bears young, while as quince it always bears
young and well. artlett—fruit is fine, succeeds
welland bears young. Flemish Beauty—Concur
with Mr. T. that it should be picked early, for if it
has a fault itis to rotatthe core anddrop. The
tree is a beautiful tree and makes a rapid growth
Belle Lucrative is very fine and sweet, Seckel
had succeeded in Ontario County to his knowledge
well. John Dixon of Canandaigua brought the
first tree to that section, and it has always borne
each year, Don’t think there is any tree that will
excel the Seckel as to the uantity of fruit unless
perbaps the Bartlett, and the fruit sells at $16 per
barrel. The Virgaliee in Canandaigua and
Wyoming Valley grows and ripens without
cracking. There are two or three trees fifty years
of age in Wyoming, the frnit of which often’ sells
for more than $20 per barrel, and the trees bear
very full. Zouise Bonne de Jersey had done well
with him. Had atree now twelve years old with
a barrel of fruit upon it. OF this variety the fruit
is at least one-third larger upon dwarfs than on
standards,
P. Barry said this preference among pears is a
very difficult question to decide. The tbree prin-
cipal requisites was that the trees should be bard
and productive, and the quality of the fruit good.
Duchesse de Angouleme, although not as good on
Standards as on dwarfs, at first, continues to im-
prove on the pear stock, a3 the tree grows older,
for twenty or thirty years. The Virgalieu Mr. B.
would not leave out of the list. Whenever the
fruit is good it brings a high price, and is very
popular. Beurre Giffard 18 good, but must be
gathered early. Zostierer grows and ripens every-
where, and does not crack. Tyson is an excellent
ear and a superb tree, Worth growing for its
eauty alone, if it never bore any fruit. Fvemish
Beauty is one of the No. 1 varieties. Beurre d’
Anjou will keep a month longer than Virgalieu,
Fak is a capital frait, S/eldon is one of the finest
of all pears, and although it will not grow on
ince, it makes a most superb growth on pear.
is winter pears would recommend Lawrence and
Winter Nelis, In answer to questions Mr. B. said
he would not recommend Vicar of Winkfield for
general cultivation. People would not ‘Pra the
tree, or keep the fruit properly. Would recom-
mend the Kaster Beurre for gentlemen who culti-
vate well. It is a tree that needs care and then it
is one of the finest winter pears, in fact, the best,
BEST MANURE FOR TREES, &C,
What are the best Manures for the Apple, Pear and
other fruits, and what are the best means to renovate
old apple orchards?
W. P. Townsenn remembered ole old or-
chard got all mossy, snd his father set him to sera;
the bark of the trees.
get sick of it, and told his father if he would let
After working a while he
‘im take the team WW some manure into the
old orchard diac could 5 paveibe tees without in-
ing the b: le ose premises
Se of half aload to each tree; Heaters
the bark began to py
«ith it the moss,
That summer tarned the bogs io upot
aod they pretty thoroughly rooted it ;
Even to the tops of the trees the old |
started, avd the body bad al! the thrifty a
ous look ef youog trees, The fruit that
be balf or three-fourths wormy is now
and free from vermin. By invigorat
destroyed the insects that bad destroy:
it. CC d manure was best for
pear trees also, It should
Bnd then you get the benefit
ip the ne: ears’ crop. Apply 25 loads to the
acre every year in the fall,
Mr. Laxoworrny thought that in. heavy clay
grounds muck would be useful to lighten it up.
BLACK RASPRERRY—CULTURE AND VALUE,
‘The Biack Cap Raspberry—what is {ts value as a
market berry, and the best modes of {ts cull ?
H. E. Hooxer—This Society bas heard, for-
ery elaborate report by Mr.
@ cul jon of the Jmprov
i needs pot that I sbould add to it,
I am persuaded, from my own experience in culti-
Vation, that itis destined to be a very popular and
avery useful fruit; there is scarcely any one of
the small fruits which is so valuable, and the im-
proved sort is largerand more productive than the
wild one, aod is eminently desirable; very good
for table use, d for ail cooking purposes, for
jrilies, tarts, pies, for drying—in sort, for all the
numerous purposes for which a housekeeper buys
berries, this is unequaled, More of them could
be sold in the market than could be sold of straw-
berries, Itis a very bandsome dish, vo bulla to be
picked out, no dirt to be washed off, aud they have
thus far brought a bigher price than strawberries,
Mr. H. considered it eminently profitable and wor-
thy the attention of all fruit growers. Should be
planted in rows six or eight feet ap: (eight feet
Apart is best,) and tbe bushes three feet apart in
the rows. First year do all the cultivation with a
horse cultivator, The following spring tie the
plants to a trellis or to astake. The canes of the
second year make a growth of five or six or seven
feet high, sometimes eyen eight or nine feet, but
wey. ought in that case aded off at six feet
high. To support thes 8 wire trellis about
four feet bigh.
Bsns. Fisn thought there was nonecessity of the
trellis spoken of by Mr. Hooker. Grow good
strong canes, and in the spring these should be
cut back to a point where they are stiffand will
bear the weight of the fruit without support.
B. Honge bad so! Xperience in thecaltiy:
of the Black Cap R etd and was
it is one of the best of the small fri
ger in cultivation was in their
plants too thick, Thougbt witl
rows eight fect apart and plants three feet api
the row was best. Would caution cul
against o certain portion of the plan hi
barren, These can be very easily distinguished
by an eye well versed in the matter, and they must
be rooted out. After the fruit has been gathered
in the autumn the old cane should be cut out and
it then gives a chance for the new plants to come
up from the crown of the old. Agreed with Mr.
Hooker that the trellis was the best plan for cul-
liyating them, There seems to be a sad want of
attention to this plant. The Chicago market has
been supplied from Cincinnati aod Kentucky, and
we had even brought them to Buffulo from Cincin
pati at $4,00 per busbel. In my estimation itis a
very desirable fruitindeed, and immediately follows
the strawberry.
Col. E. C, Frosr had cultivated the Yellow Cap
Raspberry for the last ten years, and thinks thatit
grows stronger and is really more productive than
the Black Cap, and that the fruit is better flavored,
RRIBS—VALUE AND CULTURE,
helle and other blackberries—what are
their-value, and the best methods of praning ?
Mr. Barry, being cal
berry was easy of culture, luctive, and needs
a good soil to produce fice it, the richer the
better. The New Rochelle were good when fully
ripe, but preferred the Dorchester for quality,
though it was less productive,
S. H. Arxswortn said Mr. Mr
Falls, bad grown a seedling trai Blackberry
from seed, which was large, prod e and of ex-
cellent quality. In fact, he bad two seedlings of
about equal quality, and of the same character,
one about ten days earlier than the other. H
been acquainted with this fruit for three years..
It is like our wild trailing blackberries, but a vast
improvement, and much sweeter than either New
Rochelle or Dorchester. Perhaps it was not quite
as productiveastheformer. Berries three-fourths
of an inch in diameter, ad an inch and a quarter,
or more, inlength. One of the varieties was apt
to form a few imperfect berries, and this was the
only drawback,
Mr. Mixer, being present, was called upon for
facts in regard to his seedling blackberries, He
said the flavor was excellent, better than New Ro-
chelle or Dorchester. Thought quite as produc-
tive as the former, Had two sorts which he co!
sidered good, one ten days earlier; the early vari-
ety always had perfect berries; on the late sort a
few berries would not be perfect, Had raised
thousands of seedling blackberries, from the Mich-
igan running Blackberry, but obtained only these
two that he considered worthy of cultivation.—
Planted three feet apart one way and eight the
other. Had them in cultivation six years. Wi
produce at the rate of fifty bushels to the acre.
Toney make a large growth, some ronning twenty
feet, and always ten or twelve, Cut them back to
about six feet and wind to stakes and fasten, The
fruit in this way is on the outside, where it can be
easily picked. The new wood is allowed to trail
on the vround, Propagated from the tips of the
branches, the sameas the Black Raspberry. Never
knew an inch of the wood to be killed by the win-
ter.
, of Honeoye
CURRANTS—DEST VARIETIES AND QCULTURE.
What are the best methods of cultivation, and which
are the best varieties of the currant for cultivation ?
Mr. Barry's opinion being asked in regard to
Currants, said he had nothing to offer particularly
new or instructive. The@urrant needed plenty of
manure and shortening one-third, or thereabouts,
of the bearing branches. The White Grape and
Victoria he considered the best currants. The
Versaillaise is said to be as large as Cherry, and of
better quality. The Cherry is large, quite acid,
but is not a shy bearer, as it has been called some-
times, if properly treated.
H, E. Hooker thought for market purposes the
Cherry was the best currant; its fine size and ap-
pearance make it sell well, It is the most opular
Variety with the growers around New York,
Mr. Arxsworrn found the Cherry Currant vei
productive, far superior in this respect to White
Grape or Victoria. It also hangs on the bushes a
long time after ripening.
The best Black Currant for cultivation was in-
quired for, when Mr. Barry said there was little
difference between the Black English and Black
Naples, and Mr. Hooker thi
the most productive,
At about 10 o'clock, P. M., after voting that the
Annual Meeting should be held in Rochester, the
Society adjourned. Next week we will notice the
fruits on exhibttion, iA
—— a i
Purszevixe Frowens.—Is there any method of pre- | Arete Custanp.—Pare and
| basin full of sour apples, stew and mash fine, then
add one teacup coffee sugar; the whites of ¢ ¢gg8,
winter, or longer, retaining, color, ke, dey
Ins' 2 C be ’
‘a ten, Giana Ee t. Tonaweonda,
answer
Erie Co,, N. ¥., 1859. Sitges r
f no way of pres Asters or
i ania the stems does no
The Amaranths, Ammobium, ao.
ing flowers, are the things for wi. quets..
+ . -
, said the Black},
CATERPILLARS IN WINTER,
Ens:— During the latter part of the
of January last, while moving bay, (Clover
otby,) from ao stack, and which had been
he previous summer from the
ung bearing orchard, the entire
which rested upon loose
e ground, and consisted of
a stratum of feet in thickness from the
ground was found to be literally alive with Cuter-
pillart. They were not the product of an ac- »
cidental I
nest or two, but as numerously inter-
spersed through the compact mass as the clover
and grass-heads themselves. In size, about an
inch long and apparently having been edand
at work a considerable length of time, an st of
them being enveloped, or Partially so; in their
web fastened to the spears of hay and resembling
in appearance, my of spiders nests. The
blades of clover an Were eaten to shreds,
even where seemingly solid and’ compact,
and their excrement was lentiful as to
ble, when sifted upon the snow, quan
coarse gunpowder, j
T should account for the phenomena of their
singular position, by the eggs having been depos-
ited on the standing grass by insects from tho
trees, though great care has always been exercised
to prevent their getting even a foothold in said
orchard, and for their premature batching, by
heat and moisture (proceeding from a g of
damp spoiled hay thrown down for a bottom |
stack,) extending upward through the mi
about as far as the insects were foun
dent from its partial discoloration and somewh
musty condition. Whether or not their opera-
tions were for the most part carried out before the
commencement of winter, which was hardly of
sufficient severity to interfere with their opera-
tions in so snug a habitation, I am unable to de-
termine, most of them having the appearance of
being in a ratber quiescent state, but not ail.
Some were eneased in web, others at liberty
full of life and activity. To all appearance,
had, at least, been put to but little inconvenience
by coming into existence under circumstances so
unpropitious and unlike their natural habits and
requirements, of air, sunshine and locomotion.
Syracuse, N. Y., 1859. A. L. Peart.
ee
Appies.—Everywhere a failure. The apple di
ease is as fatal and wide spread as the potato dis-
ease in its fullest vigor. Everywhere trees are
dying —the leaves turn yellow, the tt ry up,
the fruit drops off, or, if it hangs on ature
it is gnarly and only half size, very o wormy
Fine apples, of full size, smooth skins, and good
flavor, are the exception, not the rule, in all the
region thatsends fruit to this city —W. ¥. Tribune.
Resagxs.—This will sound very strange to many
of our readers in this section of Westera New
York, where apples were never more abundant,
and never more free from blight and insects of
dealers at $1,50 per barrel, which is quite to low.
Apples that will keep should not be sold at this
price. The story that ‘everywhere trees aradying
—the leaves turn yellow, the twigs dry up,” dei,
sounds a good deal like romance—we don't
believe it,
COLORING RECIPES—KEEPING TOMATOES.
Eps. Rureat:—Being much pleased in reading
the many recipes in your valuable paper, I will
contribute my mite, as I think that T have a
cheaper, easier, and more permanent recipe for
dying Orange than the one that you published. I
would be pleased to have some one give me through
the Rurat, a recipe in full for dying a bright, per-
manent red on cotton, as rag carpets are all the
fashion these hard times.
To Coton Onaxae.—Take one ounce of annatto,
and two ounces of copperas. them both inte
weak lye? When they are dissolved, put in about
two pounds of cotton cloth, and let it stand in an
iron kettle on the stove, where it will be hot, aday
or two.
To Coron Bivr ox Corroy.—One ounce of ex-
tract of logwood; 1 oz. of verdigris; If 0. of
alum to 8 Ibs. of yarn—boil all an hour anda
half, then boil all same length of time in strong
soap suds. “
A Goop Way to Keer Rive Tomators.—Pick
Tipe to! esand put them in o barrel in acold
cellar or ice-house, then cover them with water,
putting « teacupful of good salt to a pailful of
water. Put a board and weight over them to keep
them under, Serve them as fresh from the vine,
Should they be too salt to suit your taste, souk
them in cold water several days, after pricking.
them with a fork.—R. A. B.
APPLE CUSTARD, CAKES, &o,
Messes. Eps.:— Haying re id tried some of
the excellent recipes that have been published in
ht the Black Naples | the Rurat, I thought I;might send a few that are
good.
Sugar Caxes.—One and one-half cups sugar}.
legg; 24 cup butter; 2¢ cup sweet milk; 2 tee
spoons ¢! tartar; 1 do. soda, and enough
torollthin—bakeontins,
r Minas
beaten to tiff froth; flavor to the taste; beat
all togeth Serve with sweetened cream.
Will some Rurat reader please send a recipe for
everlast- | keeping hams and shoulders after they are smoked,
and oblige—C. I. 8., Mill Oreck, Erie Co., Pa.
a oO DS ee
- ory
:
y
LITTLE ROSE.
Bae comes with fairy footsteps—
Boftly tholr echoes fall;
And her shadow plays like « surnmor shade
Across the garden wall; ,
‘The golden light is danclog bright,
*Mid the mazes of her batr,
And ber fair young locks are'waying free
To the wooing of thoain
="
Liko n sporifal fawn she boundeth
Bo gleefully siongy
Awa wild; young bi ge
The burden nes
The summer are clustering thick
Around ber 1g feet,
And on her cheek the summer breeze
Is breathing soft and aweek,
Tho very sunbeam ecoms to linger
Above that holy bead,
And the wild-flowers, at her coming,
Thoir richest fragranco shed.
And ob, how lovely, light and fragrance
Mingle in tho life within!
Oh! how fondly do they nestle
Round the soul tqat knows no sin,
She comes, the spirit of childhood—
A thing of mortal birth ;
‘Yet bearing still the breath of heaven
‘To redeem her from the earth;
She comes in bright-robed innocence,
Unsoiled by blot or blight,
‘And passeth by our wayward path,
A gleam of angel light.
Oht blessed things aro ohildrent
The gifts of heavenly love—
They stand betwixt our world-bearts,
And better things above;
Thoy link us with tho spirit-world
By purity and truth,
And keep our hearts still fresh and young
With the presence of their youth.
[Blackwoows Magazine,
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
ALLIE DAYTON.
Mns. Daytox detested children, so she said,—so,
too, said her actions, and every little one in the
neigh! d wondered if sie was ever a child,
and, if 80, they wondered if she used to hate her-
self as bad as she now did them! Mrs, Dayton
boasted that she never had her nicest plums and
peaches stolen by the little urchins as they camo
from school—no, not she—and as to the children—
why, they had not the least doubt but that she
would “cut their ears off,” if they dared to come
near the house, for she had told them that she
would, and they believed her fully capable of per-
forming the act, Mrs. Dayron said it was owing
to her “good government” that they did not
trouble herds they did the other neighbors—well,
perhaps it was!
Mr. Dayton wasa mild, peaceable sort of a man,
who believed in Woman’s Riglits because he was
afraid to believe any other way, and always al-
lowed his wife to do just as she chose to, because,
forsooth, it so happened that he couldn’t help
himself. Poor Mr. Darton! Many a night did
he go to his dreary home tired and weary, and
found there no balm for his troubled heart, aud
naught to give his spirit cheer, and instead of a
kind welcome from bis wife, he was greeted with
harsh words ond useless complaints. Poor man!
Two years passed away, and now the cottage
walls resounded with the merry voice of childhood.
Byery one wondered at the oddity of Dame Nature
in fashioning such a dainty little figure as Arie
Darrow, and then setting her down in the little
red cottage of theshoemaker, True, it wasstrange,
but how wise, for she came like an angel messen-
ger into that home, wiping out all the evil there.
She was indeed ss beautiful a flower as ever
bloomed thisiside of Paradise, with flaxen curls,
deep blue eyes, a forehead as fair as the pure lilies
that blossomed beside the cottage door. Her lips
Were cherry-red, and’ cheeks rich with the hue of
the rose. Her spirit was. like the snow-flake,
chaste and pure—and thus she played in that old
cottage, softening the harsh nature of Dame Dar-
Ton, and shedding abroad the lightin the dark
Places of her father’s heart. More beautiful she
grew, ond yet more beautiful, and the village
people opened wide their eyes in amazement to
think that this could be the child of Mrs, Dayton,
and many shook their heads gravely as they point-
ed to the blue veins in the clear forehead, and
whispered of a “mound in the graveyard!”
She grew to bean idol in that cottage, worshiped
even above Him who made her and placed her
there, Often when her mother’s face was pale
and distorted with passion, little Auire, the honse-
hold angel, would climb upon her lap, and with
her little soft hand would smooth the wrinkled
forehead, and say,—“ Gop will be angry with ma-
ma,’ though where she learned that holy name I
know not, unless 'twas from the lips of her father.
‘Twas wonderful what a change came over that
houschold when Auuie entered it, It softened the
mother’s nature, and made her ashamed of her
harshness—made her more womanly and gentle,
and made her love her husband more. And the
Jather—O the sunshide soon chased the shadows
from his heart, and he loved his home more and
more after baby Artie came to cheer it.
Thus the days and months passed on, and the
cottage was re-built, and flowers were planted
before the door, and neat green blinds adorned
the windows; the curtains were looped back with
ribbons, and o bright, new carpet covered
y and in fact you would hardly say
“Dayton Cottage,” for the old folks
it make Auuie’s home pleasant.”
They saw not the shadow that was
jling slong the dencape— kre not
| that was even then watching and
de the cottage door! Ong bright
morning Avtre’s voice was not heard in the house,
pare ToS
-| paltry education of display, by discountenancing
MO
save as it moaned painfully, and the patter of tiny
feet was missed on the stairs. Avi was ill, and
ere the noon-day shadows rested on the door-sill,
the angel had borne her to Heaven—had snatched
the pure flower from that cottage home, and left
the hearth desolate O! there were sad hearts
that above her tiny form, and as they turned
away fi yat little mound in the churchyard,
the father and mother almost longed to rest there
too, "Twas sad to watch and suffering
when they laid ber away in the gee and when
they had reached their desolate home the humbled
wife said, as she smoothed the grey locks of her
husband, “she was only lent us fora little while,
to purify our hearts and make us better, and now
Jetus be happy in each other, for, though we may
not forget our Axum, we may live to mect her in
Heaven!”
Years have passed, The cottage still stands,
but the inmates are not the same that they were
years ago. Autis’s father and mother rest side by
side in the churcbyard—they have gone to meet
their child in the Garden of Gop.
Brighton, N. ¥., 1559.
Nettie Nerree,
THE RIGHT TRAINING OF WOMEN.
Tas Church of England Review has an article
on Female Education, from which we take the
following :
Much remains to be done in winnowing out of
peoples’ mind ridiculous ideas of a certain purely
fastidious style of living, without which it is im-
possible to keep house. There are plenty of
young men who haye yet to unlearn the foppery
of expenses disproportioned to their means, and
the sordidness of luxuries which feed not self-
respect, but gluttony and pride, The possibility
must be secured to daughters and young sisters
growing up to be rational, appreciative compan-
ions; girls who, if they ever marry, will choose
and yalue their husband for what he is, and be
interested in his calling and his opportunities for
observation ; women who will estimate the grave
and sweet realities of wife and motherhood be-
yond any accident of precedence or superfluity.
By dismissing false and foolish notions of respect-
ability, by refusing the cheap fascinations of a
‘restraints misdirected or too rigorous, by culti-
vating an intelligent and unassuming mode of
intercourse, by a careful foresight in assisting
young people to prepare themselves for the exer-
tion and cost of one day being the centre of a
peaceful, hospitable home; in these and other
Ways much may be done to remove obstructions
to that gradual acquaintance, and that unaffected
respect and attachment which lead on to happy
marriage.
In the meantime it may be well to think, with
not only the sympathy, but the veneration they
deserve, of among those who will neyer marry;
toassist in multiplying the too few occupations
suitable to women, or open to them; above all,
not to preach by implication or otherwise, that a
woman's life need ever be divarfed to a negation,
consumed miserably away by causes absolutely out
of her control. There are women strong enough
to keep their wom dignity and sweetness, and
to organizo aroul em the moral elements, at
all events, of an independent existence, They
whose steps are feeble need the more to be helped,
rather than hindered in the struggle with their
fainter and more yielding self. If they fail here,
is it all certain that in wedded life their lot would
have been suspicious? Alas! how many a falter-
ing will has been bent and ‘‘giyen” beneath san-
guine, unfulfilled resolutions, to reclaim and
humanize the husband, who has pulled the wife
down to bis mesn wretched level. Marriage is
not lottery; but it is mere willful blindness to for-
get that in all its higher aspects, it may be wofully
inverted orappallingly debased. Notall the grand
provisions of tender ties and gracious instincts
which surround one of the greatest of Divine
ordinances, will make people pure or happy who
insist on being peevish or frivolous, or worldly,
Sensual and devilish.
Wedded life isa great and holy mystery, and a
Source of power for good, often far beyond esti-
mation; but unless there be at least one soul filled
with unselfish love, and strong in an unflagging
faith, the formal union of two persons is no
guarantee whatever for a will ennobled, or affec-
tions enlarged and cleansed.” And the faith which
so works by love can make a sunshine in a shady
place, without an infant’s or a husband's eye to
look into. The harmonies of a developed and
transfigured womanhood, have been set many a
time to other music than that of wedding bells.
She who is enthroned neyer, under any roof, in a
mother’s holy sovereignty, may earn the right in
many a house of compelling every soul to love
her. She will create or find an atmosphere in
which to keep, unwithered, and it full pulsation,
“the heart out of which are the issues of life.”
Her hands will redeem the time, and her brain
not be idle. Living singly, yet not solitary, when
she dies it will not be till, “smote” by many a
touch of gratitude and cheerful, reverential sym-
pathy, “‘the cord of self has, trembling, passed
in music out of sight,”
ees Seg te
WOMEN AND PICTURES,
Ty, indeed, women were mere outside form and
face only, and if mind made up no part of her
composition, it would follow that a ball-room yas
quite as appropriate a place for choosing a wife as
an exhibition-room for choosing a picture. But,
inasmuch os women are not mere portraits, their
value not being determinable by a glance of the
eye, it follows thata different mode of apprecia-
ting their value, and different place for viewing
them, antecedent to their being individually
Selected, is desirable. The two cases differ also
in this, that if a man select o picture for himself
from among all its exhibitay competitors, and
bring it his ewn house, the picture being passiy
he ig able to fiz it there; while the wife, picke
up at a public place and accustomed to incessant
lay, will not, it is probable, when brotght
home, stick so quietly to the spot where he fixes
her, Sut will eae €
i xb ues again,
and continue togbe displayed at every subsequent
exhibition, huts aif she were net bedoe private
Property, and had neve n P'
Of dainak More. wd
ORE’S RUR
for 's Rural New-Yorker,
WINTE! OUGHT,
BT CAROLINE Ay ,
id
Evenrxo fell cloudy and droar,
And the wild November wind
Howled deep in tho forest near
Like somo flerce demon confined.
And silently through the night,
On the bills nnd vales below,
Drified, serencly and white,
The fair and beautiful enow.
Itscomed the bridal of Autumn,
And Winter, the bride-groom halo,
Over the trembling maiden,
Threw softly the wedding veil,
Or, rather, to me it seemed,
As carth Jay shrinking and baro,
Robbed of her yesture of leaves,
And plerced by the sharponed alr;
‘That, even as Charity
Covercth the sing of all, —
Some pitying angel stooped
And lot bis pure mantle fall.
Dedham, Mi
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
HOPE AMID DECAY.
To say that decay is engraven on all below, is to
repeat a troth which is indelibly written on the
tablet of every heart. From the cradle to the
grave, the experience of man has been regret and
disuppointment. Too soon the smiling infant
weeps o'er its broken toys,—the youth is called to
mourn for friends stricken from his side ere the
departed hopes of his childhood’s days are buried
from his memory. The noble breast of manhood
heaves with deeper sighs, for that period, also,—is
the victim of sure decay, and old age bows in sor-
row, when the summer of his life past, and his har-
yest is not gathered in. Ttis truly wise
To seize the moments as they Ay, —
Bright gems, which careless mon pass lightly by.
Ere care bas lured the feet of childhood from
their sunny track, or vice led captive the pure
heart of youth, decay has marked them for his
own, He scruples not to pluck the bride from the
altar, or the miser from his gold, while the crown
of glory that the conqueror wears, or a hoary
wreath from the brow of age, rest alike upon his
laureled head, The drooping lily and the tower-
ing oak bend beneath its fitful blasts, and the
works of man crumble to the dust. Gentle spring
greets us in her emerald mantle, and summer fol-
lows in her train, Gladness fills the earth, and
beauty crowns the pinnacle of Nature; but alas|—
mourning and sighivg are heard in the valleys,
and wailing on the hill-tops. Sad Autumn is the
messenger of woe:
“Lady Sommer falr and cold,
Pale and dead is lying.”
Withered flowers and falling leaves follow herto
the grave; and the snows of Winter cover her
resting place,
Decay is stamped on every page of history, and
oblivion marks the records of antiquity. Where
is Rome,—proud Rome, whose queenly form rose
majestically above the nations of the earth?—
Where is Sparts, with her wise law-giversand her
noble sons? Athens, the loved home of philoso-
phy and art—her ancient gloryhas departed, and
wisdom has found an asylum in other lands,
It is night, and the calm, beautiful stars come
out one by one, until myriads of shining orbs gem
the vaulted arch of heaven. We behold, and are
filled with admiration, with wonder and with awe.
As we turn from the saddening details of this
earth-life of a day, to the contemplation of these
stupendous monuments of nature, what wonder,
that to us, imporishuble beauty veils the skies,
where Divinity has left His impress on every
twinkling star. Like sinless angels clothed in
garments of unsullied purity they ministered to
our fettered spirits nntilon undefinable longing to
he freed from the prison house of clay, to soar
through the regions of space, till arrived at the
‘shores of heaven” we should cross
“Creation’s Jast boundary stone,”
and be ushered into the presence of Deity, to be-
hold the consummation of Infinity, to fathom the
mysteries of Eternity. To appearance, they
change not as they move on in their allotted
course, age after age, but we have every renson to
believe, that there, also, Decay is busy at his work
of desolation.
But have we yet marked the boundaries of bis
wide domain? To the great and glorious mind is
reserved the end and consummation of decay,
Here, the aspirations of this upiyersal tyrant
must cease. There is nothing greater but Deity
Himself. Since the fall of man, the history of
mind has been a struggle, successful or unsuccess-
ful, against the tendency of this part, immortal
though ever dying, to degenerate in purity and
fitness to be called the likeness of its Maker,
Here, Decay, alone, has his perfect work. In the
material world, it is but a change, for aunihilation
is the only weapon which the conqueror cannot
yield.
Hope pervades all nature, Winter, white and
barren, gives place to the Vigor and freshness of
vernal bloom, The loyely hues of Summer are
matured in the fruitful Autumn aod repose again
until the resurrection morning of the year, when,
atthe voice of the angel zephyr, and the touch
of the faithful sunbeam, they shall spring again
into new-robed life, sublime in its simplicity and
almost holy in its purity.
The spheres shall be destroyed and the eloments
dissolved, but there shall be “a new heavens
And o new earth wherein dwelleth righteousness.”
Tho lost soul is the only work which the finger of
Gop shall not re-touch with more than its created
glory. The mind, in pursuing the path of pro-
AL HEW-YORKER. —
= marked out by ita architect, rises in towor.
ra ice sbove every monument of Na-
ture, righteous hath hope in his dentb.”—
In sion of Minas, what wag the passing of
th broken archway, and the inevitable descent
ato the dark waters below, when the miat was
lifted, and his eyes bel he boautiful islands on
the bosom of yonder ocean. So, whutis death,
when afterward is the more enduring life, the
grand, the mighty, the inconceivable greatnoss of
the soul to be reveuled? Untrammeled with the
littleness, the darkness, the obscurity of matter,
Pe es with spirit, and takes its flight,
for the PAM tc vocscuovea infinitude of Divine
wisdom. Surely, we have reason to hope amid
decay.
“Of the night comes starry splendor ;
Of sorrow, faith is born;
And on the stops of midnight
- Treads close, the rosy morn,”
Piffard, N, Y., 1859, Jana E. IL
+e
THE ART OF NOT HEARING,
Tue art of not hearing should be taught in every
well-regulated family. It is full as important to
domestic happiness as a cultivated ear, for which
80 much money and time are expended. There
are so many things which it is ful to bear—
many which we ought not to hear, very many
which, if heard, will disturb the temper, corrept
simplicity and modesty, detract from contentment
ond happiness; that every one should be educated
to take in or shut out sounds, according to their
pleasure.
If a man falls into a violent passion, and cally
me oll manner of names, the first word shuts my
ears,and I hearno more. If, in my quiet voyage
of life, [ find myself caught in one of those domes-
tic whirlwinds of scolding, I shut my ears, a3 a
sailor would furl his sails, and making all tight,
scud before the gale. Ifa hot and restless man
begins to inflame my feelings, I consider what
mischief these fiery sparks may do in the maga-
zine below, where my temper is kept, and instantly
shut the door.
Does a gaddiug, mischief-making fellow begin
to inform me what people are saying about me,
down drops the portcullis of my ear, and he can-
not get in any further. Does the collector of a
neighborhood's scandal ask my earas a warehouse,
it instinctively shuts up. Some people seem anx-
ious to hear everything that will vex and annoy
them. If it is hinted that any one has spoken evil
of them, they set about searching the matter, and
finding out. If all the petty things said of one by
heedless or ill-natured idlers were to be brought
home to him, he would become a mere walking
pincusbion, stuck full of sharpremarks. Ishould
a3 soon think of thanking a mau for emptying
upon my bed a bushel of nettles, or setting loose a
swarm of ants in my chamber, or raising a pun-
gent dust in my house generally, as for bringing
in upon me all the tattle of careless or spiteful
people. If you would be happy, when among
good men, open your ears; when among bad, shut
them. And as the throat has a muscular arrange-
ment by which it takes care of the air passages of
its own accord, so the ears should be trained to an
outomatic dullness of hearing! It is not worth
while to hear what your servants say when they
are angry; what your children say after they have
slammed thedoor; what your neighbors say about
your children; what your rivals say about your
business, your dress, or your affairs.
The art of not hearing, though notaught ia the
schools, is by no means unknown, or unpracticed
in society. I have noticed that a well-bred woman
never heara an impertinent or a yulgar remark,
A kind of discreet deofoess saves one from many
insults, from much blame, from not a little appa-
rent connivance in dishonorable conyersation,—
Selected.
oe
CHARACTER AND REPUTATION.
I wm draw a distinction between character
and reputation, which are not synonymous. A
man’s character is the reality of himself; his repu-
tation, the opinion others have formed about him;
character resides in him, reputation in other
people; that is the substance, this is the shadow;
they are sonfetimes greater or less. If a man be
able to achieve things beyond his time, his reputa-
tion will be different from his character. He who
seeks reputation must not be beyond the times he
livesin. Itis important to men beginning life to
know which they want—character or reputation.
To build a character is a work of time; as ship:
are built on one element and used in another, so
characteris formed in youth and home for after
life. Reputation is easily got; it is generally
charlatanism, taking many forms—as that of the
patriot, a tribe numerous 4s mosquitoes, who like
them, lean and hungry, suck all the blood they
can, but make none—who live on suction. Ina
man, as ina ship, the material must exist origi-
nally; & man naturally mean may be improved,
but never will be a noble man. Reputation may
be made fora man; character must be made by
him, with labor and time, and it cannot be taken
away. The antagonism between the two is not so
great as the disproportion. Thus, a man, if wise,
will be content to be considered wiser; he is like
a shadow three times in size; like a bank that
issues three paper dollars for every one in specio
they have; if worth a quarter he likes to be called
worth balfa million, until the assessor brings him
to his senses. We will disclaim “popularity,”
but claim the same thing under the name of “ in-
fluence;” but it is what God made a man and he
makes of himself which determines his influence;
the weights never ask a favor of the scales; 4
thousand pounds will weigh down five hundred by
their natural force. So he speaks of “pradence.”
Prudence is coincident with rectitude, and there
have been men against the grain of life all their
days,/who yet were most prudent men. He sub-
stitutes love of approbation for love of truth,
Thousands lose their characters to save their repu-
tation, — Selected.
é
Eacu day brings its own duties, and carries
them along with it; and they areas waves broken
on the shore, many like them coming after, but
none ever the same.—Firuits of Leisure,
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
HUNGERING| STILL,
Sovrca of all comfort here below,
My heart goes ont still aftor thea
Hungering, thireting, I would know
‘Thy righteous wilt concerning me
I wonta be Thine, asloop, awake,
And not repine whato'er Thy will;
Bat meok, sabmalasive, learn to take
The cop, and drink, and bites Thos still
And as my one desire ts thls,
O, Lond, revent that will entire,
And oll the heart that Tongs for Bitae
With rapture as
Wilson, N.
THE ay IDEAS, os
Tu two ideas, reduced to their simplest forms,
may be expressed ina word—Sel/-love of Christian
love. We take all the forms in which men love
the world, with the objects which they pu and
the motives which animate them, and the
resolved into one idea—that of self. Power, learn-
ing, fame, wealth and influence—in the palace,
humblest walks of life, in a kaleidoscopic change,
and constant transmigration of circumstances,
‘are only manifestations of the selfish principle,
when not accompanied by a spiritual life. This
self-love is the most insidious and delusive of all
the evil tendencies of the corrupt moral nature,
and is the last and hardest to be removed. It lies
deep in the human heart, with its rootsso closely
entwined with every fibro, that it requires nothing
less than the miraculous work of o spiritual new
birth to eradicate it. What is true of the individ-
ual is true of the world. The great carnal princi-
ple of selfishness, and the attachments of the
earthly and material, mustall be broken up before
the world can be regenerated.
On the other band, the Christian’s great purpose
is to live out of and beyond himself. He becomes
elevated by the very nature of his new impulse;
and he moves ona higher plane in the duties of
his daily life.
So will it be when the world shall be brought to
the point where it will undergo the moral trans-
formation which is to come. The work will notbe
accomplished by a transition like that of darkness
into the daylight and the noontide. Sunbeams do
not tear up the giant oaks of a hundred years, nor
melt down pyramids, nor pate the debris ofa
mighty flood, The old institutions of despotism,
hoary with age, and moss-covered by time, will
not be removed by songs or smiles. The grasp of
power, so firmly held by men, will not be relaxed
by fancies or by rainbows. The mercenary pur-
suits of men who know no motive but self-aggran-
dizement, will not be relinquished without a
struggle, Kingeraft, priestcraft, and moneycraft,
of whatever name and degree, will resist the forces
which are now working to remoye them; and the
world will become the battle field for the contest
between the spirit of selfishness and the spirit of
Christ. Men may pray, “ Thy Kingdom come!”
But we sometimes think that were that kingdom
to come, in answer to our prayers, we should not
be prepared to receive it, because of the violence
with which it would uproot selfish and material
interests.— Christian Intelligencer.
ee
Dans Hovns.—There are dark hours that mark
the history of the brightest years. For not a
whole month in many of the millions of the past,
perhaps, has the sun shone brilliancly all the time.
There have been cold and stormy days every year.
And yet the mist and shadows of the darkest hour
disappeared and fled heedlessly, The most cruel
ice fetters have been broken and dissolved, and the
most furious storm loses its power to harm, And
what a parable is this in human life —of our inside
world, where the heart works at its shadowing of
the dark hour, and many a cold blast chills the
heart toits core. But what maiters it? Manis
born « hero, and it is only in the darknegs and
storms that heroism guins its greatest and its best
development, and the storm bears it on more
rapidly to its destiny. Despair not, then, Neither
give up; while one good power is yours, use it—
Disappointment will not be realized. Mortifying
failure may attend this effort and that one—but
only be honest and struggle on, and it will work
well,
ss
ounsEL.—A theo-
Sounp Doctrins ann Goop t
logical critic says :—“ Religion ia not the straight-
jacket system of the Pharisee, nor the semi-sensu-
alism of the Liberalist, but denying ourselves of
all ungodliness and worldly lusts, and living
righteously, soberly and godly “rejoicing in
hope, patient in tribulation” — the sweelest and
most precious enjoyments of all religion being the
results of tribulation, and the fruits of self denial.
Learn in childhood, if you can, that happiness is
not outside but inside. A good heart and aclear
conscience bring happiness; no riches and no cir-
cumstances alone can ever doit, Alexander con-
quered all the world, and then, far from being
happy, wept because there were no more worlds
to conquer.
eos See gt os
Tue Sabbath is like unto the great oasis, the
little grassy meadow in the wilderness, where,
after the week day's journey, the pilgrim halts for
refreshment and repose; where he res beneath
the shade of the lofty palm-tree, and dips his vessel
in the waters of the calm, clear stream, ond recoy-
ers his strength to go forth again upon his pilgri-
mage in the desert, with renewed vigor and cheer-
fulness.
Tus Hony Ciry.—If we:
and that great and fair city, the New Jerusalem,
ich i above syn and moon, we would cry to
. te water, and to be carried in Christ's
‘arms out of this borrowed prison.— Kutherford.
and in the hamlet—in halls of legislation, or in'the ©
Weltteo for Moore’s Raral New-Yorker,
i EVEERANCE.
NM valuable is to be gained without labor
and ce, and a fow faint efforts after intellec
tual culture, never rendered him who put them
either learned or great. There have been
few who did not, in childhood or youth, possess
ardent aspirations for learning, and picture to
themselves the great things that they were to
accomplish in after-life. But how few carry out
their plave. The failure is often owing to the
want of perseverance, They become discouraged
at the difficulties that they Have to contend with,
and give up the task they have undertaken.
‘There are difficulties in the way of the accomplish-
ment of any noble objectyand the greatest natural
endowments do not free the possessor from the
necessity of persevering toil if be would become
truly learned. There are those who profess to
make men léarned, (at least in some branches of
“Viteratore,) in on easier method than any with
which our fathers were acquainted; but it may be
doubted whether any person bas ever yet found
his wagginto the temple of knowledge by walking
in the path which these individuals have marked
out. He must haves wonderfal intellect who can
acquire # knowledge of Spanish or German in
twelve lessons; and yet certain professors would
be happy to inculcate such ideas with the masses.
If we would lay up a store of valuable knowledge,
we must devote much time to its acquisition.
How much encouragement there is for persever-
ing effort. Perseverance bas enabled others to
surmount great obstacles, Sir Isaac Newroy, in
childhood, was thought uncommonly dil, and he
ascribed the greatuess of bis attainments and dis+
coveries in sfter-life, more to bis perseverance
than to the natural superiority of his mind. Dr.
Apa Cransn’s childhood was very far from
being characterized by any remarkable display of
aptness at gaining knowledge; yet his persever-
ance placed him among the most learned men of
his age. Who has not heard of Denostoexes
being hissed from the stage when he first attempted
touddress the people. Three times wasit repeated
before they would listen to him, yet his persever-
ance rendered him the greatest orator that Greece
ever produced. It was not until after long years
of training, that Ciceno won classic fame, Even
those who are the favorites of the masses, have
often been indebted, in no small degree, to this
peculiarity of character for the position they
coupy. Goxnswirn bad bis “Traveler” on hand
for nine years, and his ‘Deserted Village” six or
seven years. Moone often labored upon a song
for two or three weeks before he deemed it
finished. ~ eee -
Reader, the Hill of Science is before you. There
you gather the richest fruits, if you will only toil
up the rugged steeps on which they grow; but it
is vain for you to dream of plucking them, with-
out persevering labor. You will never gain the
froits by wishing them within your grasp. You
must clamber up if you would get them, and the
reward is worth the labor. When you have once
gained the victory, you will be fitted to be more
useful than you could otherwise be, and the pos-
Session of knowledge will open to you sources of
happiness that are unknown to uncultivated minds.
Oak Creek, Wis, 1859. 8. L. Leonanp,
e+ —_____
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
SELF - EDUCATION,
Envcation may be called a knowledge of facts,
be they mental, physical or spiritual, which have
been collected, one time or another, in different
ways, for the supposed benefit of the person or
persons acquiring the same. Mind is the funda-
mental principle upon which all this superstruc-
ture of knowledge is to be based, and that it is
dependent upon se/f to what extent these facts are
to be accumulated and received, we will briefly
endeavor to show.
Let us first consider mind itself, which works by
reception, retention and reflection, Under the
Inst, (reflection,) we will include instinct and intui-
tive perception. Not that instinct is reason, but
it partakes of so much of it that it is difficult, if
not impossible, to draw the true line of distinction
unless it is to be admitted that beasts, birds and
insects, along with man, are imbued with at least
the elements of reason, And intuitive perception
is, in reality, a higher method of reasoning than
the common one—or by a combination of princi-
ples instead of ideaa—Wensrer’s opinion to the
contrary, notwithstanding.
Tn the reception of knowledge the mind opens,
4s it were, to take inwardly what has been grasped
by perception, outwardly. Memory retains this
knowledge, and then comes reflection, a bending
back of the mind abstractedly, or, through com-
parison, upon itself, or facts within and knoton, for
the production of other facts or Knowledge which
yet remains unknown,
But viewing these ideas in ‘ny way, or in what-
ever manner one may choose, and applying them,
or any part of thom, to man, — even to beasts
birds, insects, individually or collectively — they
are governed more or less by witl, and are some-
times strenuously and powerfully influenced by it;
and are inherent in the individual be it who or
what it may. Knowledge can not be crowded
upon the mind until permission of the will bos
been secured, and as soon as that has been done
there is no coercion about it, for the mind then
Teceives the knowledge independently of its own
‘ccord. The will may lie quiet and dormant, prit
tay be forcibly exerted; may be careless and
indifferent, or on the alert and engaged in imme
diate action; may be irresolute and fickle, or
determined and steady; and it is still part and
Pareel of the individual, and door-keeper of know!-
edge and education, -
| ideas of others. It may be found ip.
| more, any or all, of
| tion, or by reading and adopting th
doors; in private, or public; at broad ;
in the common school, in the ‘or in the
great school of life's expericnce—the w:
large—and is is i terial whether by one or
ways, means and influ-
ences combined, it is, in fact, still dependent upon
#elf. And for these reasons, and these alone, it
“ems we may rest assured that, in the abstract,
ali eddcation is no more ond no less than sél/-
education. & J. w.
SCHOOL-ROOM ETIQUETTE.
Mawwens re-act upon the mind that produces
| them, jast as they themselves are re-acted upon by
| the dress in which they appear. Itused to be asay-
| ing among the old-school gentlemen and ladies
that » courtly bow could not be made without o
handsome stocking and slipper. Then there isa
connection more sacred still between the manners
aod affections. They act magically upon the
springs of feelings. They teach us love and hate,
indifference and zeal, They are the ever-present
culpture-gallery. The spinal cord isa telegraphic
wire of o hundred ends, But whoever imagines
legitimate manners can be taken up and laid aside,
puton and off, for the moment, has missed their
deepest law. Doubtless there are artificial man-
ners, but only in artificial persons. A French
dancing-master, a Monsieur Turveydrop,can man-
nfacture a deportment for you, and you can wear
it, but not till your mind has condescended to the
Tarveydrop level, and then the deportment only
faithfully illustrates the character again,
A noble and attractive every-day bearing comes
of goodness, of sincerity, of refinement, and these
are bred in years, not moments, The principle
that rules your life is the true posture-master.
Sir Philip Sidney was the pattern to all England
of a perfect gentleman, but then he was the hero
that, on the field of Zatphen, pushed away the cup
of cold water from his own fevered and parched
lips, and held it out to the dying soldier at his
side. If lofty sentiments habitually make their
home in the heart, they will beget, not perhaps, a
factitious and finical drawing-room etiquette, but
the breeding of a genuine and more royal gen-
tility, to which no simple, no young heart will
refuse its homage. Children are’ not educated till
they catch the charm that makes # gentleman or
lady. A coarse and slovenly teacher, a vulgar
and boorish presence, munching apples or ches-
nuts at a recitation like a squirrel, pocketing his
hands like a mummy, projecting his heels nearer
the firmament than his skull, like a circus clown,
and dispensing American saliva like a member of
Congress, inflicts a wrong upon the school-room,
for which no scientific attainments are on offset,
An educator that despises the resources hid in his
Personal carriage, deser¥es, on the principles of
Swedenborg’s retribution, similia similibus to be
passed through a pandemonium of Congressional
bullying. — Rev. F. 7. Huntington.
SS
THE TEACHING OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE.
Tr the term education may be understood in so
large a sense as to include all that belongs to the
improvement of the mind, either by the acquisi-
tion of the knowledge of others or by increase of
it through his own exertions, we learn by these
results what is the kind of education science offers
to man. It teaches us to bo neglectful of nothing;
not to despise the small beginnings, for they pre-
cede of necessity all great things in the knowledge
of science, either pure or applied. It teaches a
continual comparison of the small and great, and
that under differences almost approaching the
infinite—for the small as often contains the great
in principle as the great does the small; and thus
the mind becomes comprehensive. It teaches to
deduce principles carefully, to hold them firmly,
or to suspend the judgment—to discover and obey
Jaw, and by it to be bold in applying to the great-
est what we Know of the smallest. Tt teaches us
first by tutors and books to learn that which is
already known to others, and then by the light
and methods which belong to science, to learn for
ourselves and for others—so making a fruitful
return to man in the fature for that which we have
obtained from the men of the past. Bacon, in his
instruction, tells us that the scientific student
ought not to be as the ant who gathers merely,
nor as the spider who spins from her own bowels,
but rather as the bee who both gathers and pro-
duces.— Prof. Faraday.
——————————
I was Oxce Youxc.—It is an excellent thing
for all who are engaged in giving instruction to
young people, frequently to call to mind what
they were themselves when young. This practice
is ono which is most likely to impart patience and
forbearance, and to correct unreasonable expecta-
tions. At one period of my life, when instructing
two or three young people to write, I found them,
as T thought, unusually stupid. I happened
about this time to look over the contents of an
old copy-book, written by me when I was a boy.
The thick up-strokes, the crooked down-strokes,
the awkward jointing of letters, and the blots in
the book, made me completely ashamed of myself,
and I could at the moment have hurled the book
into the fire. The worse, however, I thought of
myself, tho better I thought of my backward
scholars. I was cured of my unreasonable expec-
tations, and became in future doubly patient and
forbearing. In teaching youth, remember that
you once were young, and in reproving their
youthfal errors, endeavor to call to mind yourown,
— Selected.
Txrivence.—It is not position that gives influ-
ence, itis character. What men are, determin,
their power over others, not where they ore:
themselves, not the places they stand in, When
Diogenes had been captured by pirates, and was
about to be sold as a slave in Crete, he pointed to
Corinthian, very carefully dressad, saying, “Sell
me to that man, he wants a master,” His wish
Was granted him; and the event demonstrated his
ity. Character overcame position : that man
Knowledge may by gathered by actual ta master in buying Diogenes!
an ‘ ps » Pe :
-~ = ET ——S===.
"© MOOE £'8 RURAL NEW-YOR c
255
MEXICO ACADEMY,—MBXICO, N. Se
vee
Donixa a recent excursion in Oswego county,
we sojourned a day in the pleasant village of Mex-
ieo, and visited the Academy represented above.
We believe this institution is the oldest of its class
in that section of the State, haying been organized
in 1620 and incorporated in 1826, The building is
commodious and beautifully situated. The Acad-
emy has five Professors and about one hundred
and fifty pupils. Many of the best students are
pursuing a thorough classical course, preparatory
to entering College. We are assured that espe-
cial attention is given those preparing to teach,
and that the Academy anoually sends out from
sixty to eighty Common School teachers. The
Principal informs us that there is nota groggery
or saloon in the village, and that none are allowed,
so that students are removed from the temptations
and associations of large towns, while they have
superior educational advantages at a compara-
tively small expense. The Academy Reading
Room is well furnished with periodicals—there are
two flourishing Literary Societies, and a large
Reading Association connected with the institu-
tion. The Academy Building isa fine brick edifice,
of recent construction, ninety-six feet long, fifty
feet wide, and three stories high. Prof. J. D.
Sreeve, « competent and enthusiastic instructor,
is Principal of the ae
eful Oljo,
ANECDOTES OF WILD GEESE.—NO. II.
Last season among my wild geese was a small,
deformed-looking bird, that seemed an. outeast, as
none would mate with her, and standing awksward-
ly upon one foot she kept aloof from the flock,
displeasing me so much that I seriously thought
of killing her; but “handsome is as handsome
does,” and so in her case, as you will perceive
before I get through. I had but oue pair of tame
geese, and during the season the goose laid a large
number of eggs, only sittisg upon the last nin
As fast as she had laid a sufficient number, I took
them away and set them under hens, and out of
the whole number I was fortunate enough to get
about forty goslings,
The first hen came off, and in her ramblesabout
the fields she was constantly attended by the de-
formed wild goose before mentioned. They seemed
to agree very well, and vied with each otber in
showing their pupils attention. I watched with
much curiosity this strange alliance, and could
not account for the attachment, until one fine
morning, wandering near the pond, the wild goose
with but little persuasion induced the little ones
to follow her into the water, to the consternation
of the old hen, whi, like fussy people we often
meet with, bustled and flew about, clucking and
cackling, entreating and enticing, in the most
flattering language ; then, forgetting herself,
coming out in fierce old granny’s tones, threaten-
ing to demolish them if they did not obey her on
the instant—but all to no purpose, The little
ones were as comfortable on the water as a duck’s
foot in the mud, and to add to her heart-rending
agony, the goose, abead of the little troopers bow-
ing and smirking, led oft for a remote part of the
pond to get rid, now that her object was accom-
plished, of her very disagreeable non-aquatic
neighbor; nor for a week did I sce her back on
that side of the pond. The poor old hen looked
mournful enough for a few days, and then went
to laying again. As fast as the other hens came
off, the wild goose would make her appearance
with her adopted children, and with her own,
assisted by their influence, but a short time would
intervene before she would entice the goslings
away from the hens and introduce them to their
proper element, no more to return to the guardian-
ship of Madam Hen.
Finally, when the old goose came off, very proud
of her offspring, and in her maternal pride flying
at every dog and stranger that made their appear-
ance, she was doomed to be constantly haunted
by the presence of the wild one, who would not
be driven away. Resistance, in the way of fight-
ing, and angry looks, did not seem to intimidate
her, who only tried the harder to steal away her
children; and when the tame goose, finding they
Were disposed to abandon her bed and board, she
like a true martyr, concluded to make the best of
4 bad matter, and accompanied them,
All summer long this regiment, headed by the
wild one, with the old tame one bringing up the
rear, could be seen upon my pond, adding to its
beauty and greatly to my happiness. Veryseldom
in the daytime would they leave the water, while
the night was spent feeding upon barley sprouts,
and as it neared maturity, the heads. Not once
did they make their appearance in my door-yard,
and finding they were doing well, I gave up feed-
ing them, In the fall I had # better flock of geese
than ever before, In previous years I had fed my
goslings twice a day, and but for the ug/y-looking
wild goose, they would haye eat up half as many
dollars as there was heads. :
One of the Runav’s occasional contributors rela-
ted an anecdote sometime since, which appeared
in the Saturday Evening Gazette, with which I
will conclude this artic
“Tae Loves or Gsest.—Though Rome was
saved by the cackling of geese, their reputation
has never been enviable, for to style a man a goose
implies a yery low estimation of his abilities, Bat
geese have many redeeming features, and our
| friend Dr. Wicut, of Dedham, who is o goose
fancier, tells a thousand singular instances of
their habits. He has one noble old gander, who
has refused even the leap-year advances of the
most beautiful goosey on the pond, and has main-
tained celibacy (on account of the bad exampie of
his owner, we presume) through many years. The
doctor owned a pair which for several years re-
newed their pledges of mutual faithfulness, and
seemed to exhibit a constancy most remarkable,
giving promise of at least a silver wedding of
fidelity, A friend sent to the doctor two beautiful
females of the same species, which he placed on
the pond; and when mating time approached, the
old gander, won by the beauty of young Miss
his old companion, and paid his
ew comer’s shrine. The deserted
one refused all food, and her kind owner carried
her to the house, where by petting she regained
her appetite. After some days, thinking that her
heart was healed, he carried her to the pond.
When within sight of the water the false one with
his new bride came sailing by, when the divorced
glanced at him, gave one quiver, and died in her
oWner’s arms! BW. K
“Dedham, Mass., 1959.
Rewanks.—In a previous number our corres-
pondent made the following inquiry:—“ Let me
askif you, or any readers of the Rurau, have ever
seen or heard of a white wild goose? Two of my
friends that haye been in California insist upon it
that they have seen with wild geese, white ones,
and more than that, have killed them, I cannot
understand how this can be, and think they must
have been mistaken.”
To this we have received the following reply
from an old resident of Oregon and California:
Frizxp Moons :—Please say to D. W. K, that
white wild geese are very plenty in portions of
Oregon and California. In the Rogue River Val-
ley of Oregon, I have seen thousands of white
wild geese. Ican produce testimony of hundreds,
if wished for.—Dart/ord, July, 1859.
From a gentleman in Saline county, Missouri,
we have also received the following information :—
“There are two kinds of wild geese in this county,
a large kind and o small one, we call Brant’s,
some of which are perfectly white, except the
three first feathers in the wing, which are black,
Thave a friend who has a half dozen which he has
had for several years. Some they crippled and
the others they have raised from them. They are
not very numerous, but are occasionally seen with
the dark ones.”
—_—_—__+o+______
THE BEDOUINS,
Tris a curious fact, observes the London Quar-
terly, that while the Christian Missionary bas
made his way to every part of the globe, and has
taught with more or less success, he has never
succeeded in mixing with the Bedonins. They
wander over a region which, from physical causes,
can be inhabited by none others but men following
their mode of life. From earliest times every
effort has been made to reduce them to subjection,
and to render their haunts by human skill fitted
to receive a settled population. Canals and water
courses were carried as far as human ignenuity
could devise, and where water could reach, there
the land was conquered. But there remained be-
yond a large region which the Bedouin could call
his own. There he is to be found still, as we see
him represented on the walls of Assyrian palaces,
riding his swift dromedary; we read him in sacred
history, suddenly appearing as a robber in the
midstof the quiet cultivation of the soil, and as
suddenly returning unharmed before their well
trained legions during the height of their power;
he remains to this hour unchanged in bis manners,
his language, his arms, and his dress. It ia this
unchangeableness which renders a Bedouin so in.
teresting a study. Heis the only link between the
earliest ages of mankind and the present time—
like a single, strange animal, connecting thé actual
world with some geological period.
[Tus following is the conclusion of an article
for the Rurat from the pon f
oR Pen of our correspondent,
* * © Whar tho) it
®& necessity — what ne ie =,
labor is a motive power, elling the drive
wheels of life and ic though we be
told that labor most appears ttered garb,
besoiled with dust and browned by Winds and
sun—what thongh she be gloveless and ‘Orrayed ia
ten-penny stripe, aad bearing all over bor
the indices of sturdy toil, is there not
industrial pursuits,—to agricultural and mi
cal skill and labor, a dignity that most forcibly
commands our respect and challenges our approy-
al? Where is the coxcomb, so lost to consistency
—where the aristocratic dunce, so bereft of com-
mon sense,—as to wish to tear from lubor that
crown of dignity which is hers by eternal birth-
Tight? Labor degrading! Let burning shame
mantle the cheek of him who sacrilegiously utters
andal,
zing influences of well-directed labor
are immensely great. Labor is the recognizance
of that beautiful law of reciprocity which obliges
all to return an equivalent for their living, in the
world’s great exchange. The law of labor is
absolute, and extends to all classes. The affluent
must labor with the hand of charity to raise the
fallen and mitigate the sorrows of the poor; and
the poor, who are subservient to material circum-
stances, must and will, by the stimulus of n a
sity, put forth efforts for self-preservation, “au
are held to the law of productive or beneficent
effort, however varied the Springs of action in the
different classes, None are independent of the
other. As TuNnyson has sweetly sung:
“All are needed by each one,
Nothing is good and fair alone.”
Without labor there can be no true development,
No matter if the necessities of our being impel to
it, They are the dynamic forces that move the
sinewy arms to all manly enterprise, all great
achievements, I repeat, the great law of labor
has its spring in necessity, —a wondrous and
beautiful necessity, which fires up the mightiest
impulses,—which unfolds the best faculties of our
natures,—which arouses and dignifies the whole
man, and clothes him with a power that moves
the world.
The universe can present no finer instance of
God-like dignity, than an intelligent being, labo-
Tiously tasking his great powers in the production
of food for the race, or subjugating the material
forces id laying them under contribu-
tion t y of humanity; one on whose
forehead the beaded sweat glistens more gloriously
than a coronet of royalty; one out of whose toil
spring all tho marsbaled utilities of commerce,
Wealth, civilization, and the attendant retinue of
art, the triumphal cur of invention, and the pa-
geantry of science—a grand procession of peace,
Power and plenty, transforming the arid eurth to
afruitful Eden. Steadily and Surely, as the sea-
sons go und come, as the clouds pour down their
watery treasures, and as the earth revolyes, aweep-
ing annually around its great centre, Labor is
sowing the seed, garnering the sheaves, founding
cities, establishing marts of trade, whitening all
the seas with commerce, and from age to age,
unrolling a gorgeous panorama of achievements
and victories. S. Me Re
“Spring Side," Middlobury, Vt, 1859,
Trimming Frorr Trees, &c.—We are very fond
of reading’ your paper, and find much pleasure in
its perusal. I want toask some questions, When
is the best time to trim fruit trees, apple trees im
particular? Is it beneficial to trim cherry treos?
{want to know if anything will cure heaves in
horses? I have tried arecipe that came‘in the
Roan, but found no benefit,—A. G., Penn Fan,
‘Sept, 1859.
Remarxs.—Trim apple trees late in the winter,
say March, but don’t trim for the fun of the thing,
or because you happen to have a sharp saw and
knife, or a little leisure time, Trim for the benefit
of the tree, and haye the objectyyou aim at well
settled in your mind. Cherry trees seldom need
pruning, or are benefited by it. The heaves may
be helped by judicious feeding, and some medi-
cines produce temporary relief, but the heaves in
horses, like the asthma in man, is difficult to cure
—perhaps impossible.
DESPISING RIDICULE.
I xxow of no principle which is of more im-
portance to fix in the mind of young people, than
that of the most determined resistance to the
encroachments of ridicule. Give up to the world,
and to the ridicule with which the world enforces
its dominion, every trifling question of manner
and appearance; it is to toss courage and firmness
to the winds, to combat upon such subjects as
these. But learn from the earliest days to insure
your principles against the perils of ridicule; you
can no more exercise your reason if you live in
the constant dread of laughter, than you can
enjoy your life if you are in the constant dread of
death. If you think it right to differ from the
times, and to take a stand for any valuable point
of morals, do it, however rustic, however antiqua-
ted, however pedantic it may appear; do it, not
for insolence, but seriously and grandly, as the
man who wore the soul of his own bosom, and
did not wait until it was breathed into him by tho
breath of fashion. Letmen call you mesa if you
know you are just; hypoeritical, if you are hon-
estly religions; Pusillanimous, if you feel you are
firm; resistance soon converts uaprincipled wit
into sincere respect; no afertime ean tear you
from those feelings which every man carries with
him who has made a noble and successful exertion
ina virtuous cause.—Sidney Smith.
ST >
|
TO RURAL AGENTS, SUBSCRIBERS, &c.
Tue Rona, New-Younen enters upon a New
Quarter this week, and we embrace the occasion to
notify its Agents, Subscribers and other friends that
single and club subscriptions—either for a year, or
three months, on trial—arenow in order and respect-
Silly solicited. To those who know and appreciate
we need only say the quarter upon
which we now enter, and the ensuing volume, will
be. the enviable reputation the Runau has
eal all others are invited togiveita care-
nination, It has thousands of ardent and
a tints each of whom will, we trust,
make some effort (during the ensuing few weeks and
months,) to augment its circulation and usefulness
in their respective localities,—and Now. 18 the Best
Time to Commence the pass. liberal Pre-
miums and Gratuities | be given for Clubs, Bey
as last year. See Prosp
1
2
Pwenty copies,
mens Thirty"Two do. 2
ples
Thirty-Two copies
ROCHESTER, N. Y., OCTOBER 1, 1859.
DOMESTIC NEWS.
Matters at Washington.
Tue Navy Department, on the 24th ult., ordered
atelegraphic dispatch in confirmation of the es-
~ tablishment of the total loss of the steamer Fulton,
f
__ It appears from his s'
and has ordered a Court Martial to inquire into the
facts attending the disaster.
The Washington Times’ correspondent says:—
“Tascertain it to be a fact that the British govern-
ment has ordered a distinguished military com-
mander to San Juan Island, with instructions
similar to those furnished Gen, Scott by our goy-
ernment. Both officers go out to preserve peace;
and as their reputations are made, they can afford
top a collision.
Bi Floyd has improved in health since
his rn at Old Point Comfort.
Gen. Jessup, Ordinance Master and General of
the U.S. Army, is lying very ill in New York.
»~ Itis rumored that Major Cross bas been acquit-
ted by the Court Martial, but as the papers of the
case have been transmitted to Becretaltrloya for
consideration, the rumor is a mere surmise,
Baron Stoekel, the Russian Minister, now absent
in New York, bas lately had a diplomatic set-to
with Secretary Cass, relative to the traders in
Russian America, and their objectionable mo-
nopolies.
Mr. McLave anticipates leaving for Vera Cruz
en the 22d of October, unless negotiations shall be
transferred to W: igton, as urged by Senors
‘ge Ledro and President Jufarez,
try McD. Collins, Esq., Consular Agent at
Amoor River, Asiatic Russia, has arrivedin Wash-
n, and expects to return in the course of a
few days thither, by the way of St. Petersburg.
dg ment that American Com-
merce at the Amoor river is steadily increasing,
_Bereral ships haying sailed from the United States
‘this year to participate in its rich trade, Mr. 0,
gives a brilliant account of the growing trade of
this newly developed region, The Amoor is the
Mississippi of Northern Asia, being navigable for
2,500 miles. The climate is like that of North-
western Canada, The Russian Government is
making every effort to increase the wealth and im-
portance of that portion of its Empire,
~ General Lamar, Ex-Minister to Costa Rica,
_ Nicaragua, and who has been on business here
ever since his return from Central America, left
Washington on the 20th ult,, forbis home in Texas.
Anincrease in our naval force in the Pacific is
contemplated, in ‘consequence of the San Juan
Island dispute.
Notwithstanding the failure of Congress to make
4n appropriation for the Post Office Department,
the latter has so far been enabled to transact its
business without serious difficulty. However, the
nce due to the contractors up to July 1st,
after deducting their usual collections from the
Post Office, and after that time the entire amount
of their pay must be Suspended until Congress
shall provide the necessary relief, so as to entitle
~ them to pay until the ist of October, and by the
ly terms of their contract sixty days more must ex-
pire before their accounts can be finally settled,
_which will postpone the day of payment till De-
cember Ist, within less than a week from the
re; ecting of Congress. According to con-
tracts, payments are due in November for the
quarter ending on the 80th September, and in
| ‘February for r ending 21st December,
- ;
‘nominated
candidate
as J. Wells,
for Governor. _
E ate B. Baxer, the las Deteeratie Governor of
ew Hampshire, is a candidate for the Legisla
in Towa, Where he lives as a qui ‘mer. =
ae Secretary of the American State Council,
some twenty other members of the late Ameri-
n¥ention, in acard over their own signa-
: ndiate the doings of that body, and an-
sete nat Gotermination to act for “the trne
ofthe country” in the future,
» the new delegate to Congress
: a reaeiyre merchant in Galena,
pa ive tatty went to Galenain
Dub was unsuccessful in busin
eye's steamboat on on ineas, and for
a , Mi
we = j
Tue Massachusetts Republicans held their State
> Convention last week. Gov. Banks was re-nomi-
nated by acclamation, Elipbalet Trask was re-
owinated for Lient, Governor. Oliver Warren,
for Secretary of S youse Tenney, for Trea-
lips as ttorney General, and
Auditor, were all re-nominated,
as large, harmonious and en-
ym three
handred and twenty-fourtowns foot up as follows:
Morrill, Republican, 45,920; Democrat,
86,815. Morrill’s majority, 10,115. Morrill’s ma-
jority in these towns last year was §,006—the vote
nding for Smith, 42,637; for Morrill, 50,648.
lecrease upon the yote of last year, thus far
is, Smith, 6,22; Morrill, 4,712. The remaining
towns will throw from 16,000 to 18,000 votes.
Tuere was held in Syracuse on Wednesday
week, a State Temperance Convention, at which a
nomination for State officers was made, as follows:
For Secretary of State—Geo. W. Clark, of Monroe ;
for Comptroller—S. W. Brewster, of Oswego; for
Canal Commissioner—M. W. Skiff, of Allegany;
for State Engineer and Surveyor—S. A. Beers, of
Kings; for Treasurer—L, J. Ormsbee, of Onon-
daga; for State Prison Inspector—R. I. Ketchum,
of Broome ; for Judge of the Court of Appeals—W.
Goodell, of New York; for Clerk of the Court of
Appeals—G, W. Brockett, of Oswego.
Tne American Conyention assembled at Utica
on the 20th ult, A nominating committee was
appointed by the Chairman, Mr. Brooks, of New
York, and the following ticket reported ;—Secre-
tary of State—David R. Floyd Jones, Democrat;
Comptroller—Robt. Denniston, Republican; Trea-
surer—Phillip Dorsheimer, Rep.; Attorney Gen-
eral—Chas. J. Myers, Rep; State Engineer—Van
R. Richmond, Dem,; Canal Commissioner—W, J
Skinner, Dem.; State Prison Inspector—N. 8.
Elderkin, Dem.; Judge of Court of Appeals—Henry
E, Davies, Rep.; Clerk of Court of Appeals—Chas.
Hughes, Rep. After considerable skirmishing the
ticket was endorsed.
a
Wews Paragraphs,
Tue Toronto Leader says “that a century of
ritish dominion has done next to nothing towards
the absorption of the I'rench Canadians. Though
Lower Canada swarms with colleges, there is not
one in which the English language is made part
of the course. It is absolutely and universally
ignored.”
Tue Savannah Republican says, our oldest
inbabitants tell ws that most all the fruits of the
tropics were had here at one time, Orange trees
were grown here in their greatest perfection,
though now the frosts seldom allow a tree to attain
its natural growth, and a ripe orange is rarely
obtained in the open air, These facts show the
great changes tbat our climate has undergone in
the short space of a life-time or less.
Tue Anti-Sabbatarians held their first formal
public meeting at the Volks Garden, in the Bowery,
New York, on Tuesday evening week. The New
York Times says it was largely attended, mainly
by Germans. An elaborate series of resolutions
were submitted and adopted, and many speeches
were made, the burden of which was an emphatic
condemnation of all efforts to enforce the Sunday
laws.
Tue law probibiting Chinamen from emigrating
to California has been pronounced unconstitu-
tional, and their number, now 60,000, is ri ly
increasing.
A wan succeeded Jast week in walking across
the bottom of the Schuylkill river at Philadelphia.
With a perfect rig of submarine armor he wept
down below the water, and in about twenty-five
minutes made thecrossing. His progress through
the water was indicated by a slight bubbling and
rippling as he passed along.
Tue people of Canada are endeavoring to raise
the funds for the erection of a Crystal Palace at
Hamilton, and with every prospect of success.
The building is to be erected under the auspices of
a joint-stock company, and to be called the “‘On-
tario Palace of Industry.”
Tue Duke of Cambridge, Commander-in-Chief
of the British army, has set sail for Vancouver's
Island, to look into the boundary difficulties there,
Gen, Scott has started for the same destination for
alike purpose. The two old soldiers will doubt-
less have a pleasant time together.
Iw the middle of the rond between Niagara and
Queenstown there stands an old oak tree, which
possesses considerable historical interest from a
tradition connected with it. It is, that in one of
his pedestrian excursions to the Falls, the ‘Bard
of Erin” sat down under its wide-spreading
branches, and composed the “ Wood-pecker Tap-
ping.” It goes by the name of “Tom Moore's Oak.”
Tt is gradually yielding to the destroyer of all
things, has lost all appearance of vitality, and is
fast becoming a bare, yerdureless ruin,
Tue plain old mansion at Baton Rouge, La.,
long the residence of Gen. Taylor, was recently
‘torn down. It wasan old house. When the Fort
of Baton Rouge was taken by the Spaniards under
Don Benardo de Galvez, in 1779, it was the resi-
dence of Col. Dixon, the English commander,
Tue Brooklyn Park Commissionersare consider-
ing a project for combining several pieces of ground
on the Heights into one large Park of 1,200 acres,—
which is larger than the Great Central Park of New
York, ~~
Mr, Atoxzo Hironcock, of Chicago, claims to
haye been the inventor of the Armstrong gun, for
producing which an Englishman was honored with
the title of nobility.
_ Tron freight cars are coming into use on the
Ohio Railroad. Fourorfive have been constructed,
and are found to answer well. The entire car
weighs only 11,500 pounds, while an ordinary
wooden baggage car weighs from 14,500 to 16,500
pounds.
Awonc the premium stock exhibited at the Chi-
cago Fair, were three babies born at a birth—two
boys and a girl—children of Joseph and Teresa
a| Ondastroke. A silver spoon was presented to
| each,’ and quite a larg
collection fpken up and
.
°
*
to the parents,
{OORE’S RURAL NEW-
FOREIGN NEWS.
A Lance number of seeattes from European
ports have armyed dgring the week, and the new:
received, a condensation of Which we present be-
low, will be found of considerable importan
Great Barrain.—The great event of the day |
had been the departure of the Great Hustern steam-
ship for sea. 5
The Nova Scotian brought ont news that the
yessel had proceeded down the Thames as far as
Parfleet on the 7th, and anchored there for the tide
of the following morning. Her departure, accom-
panied by four powerful tugs, two at the bow aod
two st the stern, gave rise to ascene of the greatest
enthusiasm on the Thames, which was continued
from all the prominent points. Capt. Harrison
and the mates, experienced Thames pilots, directed
the motions, Mr, Scott Russell was on the bridge
directing the action of the both of which,
screw and paddle, were sera Capt. Com-
stock, of the Collins steamer Baltic, stood aft to
——— to the men at the wheel, the
new steering apparatus not being completely fitted.
The very first turn in the river demonstrated that
the ship was as completely under command as a
river steamer, and the only difficulty to contend
with was the sharp curves in the stream, She
steers as easily as a wager boat. Her engines
were found capable of starting her or sting
her motion, literally almost by a single Say
the hand. N,
On the Sth the Great Eastern got up steam and |
weighed anchor, and at 8 40 A. M., started from
Purfleet for the Nore. As on the preceding day,
she was accompanied by tugs, and the enthusiasm
along the river, particularly at Gravesend, was
very great. On arriving at Chapman’s, the tugs
were cast off and the great vessel was left to her-
self. Increased speed was then got on her, simply
to give her good steerage way and move her engines
readily, but with no view to try her power. In
ten minutes, however, says the correspondent of
the Times, she set at rest all doubts as to her be-
ing the fastest vessel beyond comparison in the
world, employing less than two-thirds of her power
in her worst trim, being six inches down by the
head and too high out of the water to permit her
paddles or screw blades to work perfectly, and
with a very strong peeepesinst her, she ran
a distance of fiftee atute miles in fifty-four
minutes. The engines worked with astonishing
ease, and there was scarcely a vibration percepti-
ble. Before anchoring, the vessel was put about
and went completely round in less than three-
quarters of a mile.
On the afternoon of the 9th, when the Great
Eastern was off Hastings, a feed pipe casing, in the
forward funnel, exploded with terrific force, blow-
ing the funnel into the air and tearing to pieces
the grand saloon and lower deck cabins, and other-
wise damaging the internal fittings to the amount
of £5,000. Three firemen were found in the rub-
bish in a dying state, and soon expired, and eight
others were injured, two of whom subsequently
died. The guests bad just quitted the grand
saloon, where they had been dining. The explo-
sion was of terrific force, yet the Great Eastern not
only resisted it, her frames sustaining no injury
whatever, but it made so little difference in her
movement that her engines were not stopped until
she reached Portland. {It may be proper to state,
(some misunderstanding having occurred, from a
confusion of names,) that the Portland now enjoy-
ing a visit from the Leviathan, is in the county of
Dorset, England.) The Coroner’s Inquest had
commenced, and the evidence showed, first, that
the supply of the boilers through the water-jacket
was stopped because of a failure in the auxiliary
pumping power, and secondly, a tap in a stand-
pipe, which acts asa safety-valve, had been turned,
apparently intentionally, so that the pipe was use-
less prior tothe accident. The performance of the
vessel was satisfactory, and she was almost without
motion, while large vessels in her vicinity were
pitching and tossing in a stormy sea,
The London Post has an editorial on the report
that Gen. Harney had taken possession of the
Island of San Juan or Belibue, in Puget’s Sound.
It considers it possible that another boundary dis-
pute may arise, and says that the occupation of an
island which is still sud judice, is the exercise of a
power to which the British Government cannot
tamely submit, and hopes that no concessions will
be made which are inconsistent with the dignity
of the country or the security of the gold regions.
A new reform movement, under the auspices of
Mr. Cobden and others, had been started.
Some of the master builders in London had
yielded to the men,
Franxce.—A Paris letter in the /ndependence
Belge, says that the Hmperor made peace merely
for the purpose of putting down the naval suprem-
acy of England, and unless she submits quietly
to have her nayal estimates fixed by France, there
must be war, The Je/ge asserts that France is
making vigorous naval preparations for the coast
defenses.
Relaxation of the press system was said to be
under the serious consideration of the French
Government.
Attempts, it is said, were being made to arrange
an interview between the Emperor Napoleon and
the King of Belgium. Prince Napoleon had gone
to Switzerland, and it was supposed his journey
had reference to the intended interview between
the Emperors,
The Paris correspondent of the London Times,
writing on the 3ist, of the Zurich Conference, adds
nothing except that they are every hour expecting
to come to an abrupt close without any result
worth talking about. The Duchies are, of course,
4 great difficulty, and there appears to be no pos-
sibility of any agreement. The Emperors have
agreed as to the proposition that relates to the
technical meeting of the three Dukes, but divide as
to the means of setting about it. Austria would
not object to force. France desires to employ
moral suasion, which does not appear to have
made mush progress, while Pi
nt is still read:
to accept the annexation spontaneously ote
Now the case is this — if Piedmont arise, will Aus-
¥
the
| The
onKER.
Biarr
uropean Congress on
Italian affairs is neo
The members of the Zurich Conference con-
tinued to have occasional interviews, altbough a
formal suspension of the Conference has occurred.
The English Government has presented a note,
drawn up friendly style, requesting explana-
tions tlie Subject of the concentration of
troops at Algesiras, in the immediate vicinity of
Gibraltar.
Traty.—The National Assem| ‘arma unan-
imously voted the exclusion of the Bourbons and
the annexstion of Parma to Sardinia,
It is said that Victor Emanuel was discharging
his army, but the men are supplied with passports
into Tuscany and Modena, where they will swell
the army of Central Italy.
The vote in Parma on annexation to Piedmont,
resulted in its fayor—63,000 to 500.
The conclusion was general on the Continent
that the answer of Victor Emanuel to the Tuscan
Deputation, in regard to annexation to Piedmont,
was preconcerted with Napoleon, Mtg council of
the different districts had officially proclaimed to
the people of Turin, that the Tuscan deputies had
presented a deed of annexation to the Sardinian
Government. °
Victor Emanuel received the Tuscan delegation
onthe 3d. To their address he thanked them for
their expressed wish for annexation, but said its
accomplishment could not take place by negotia-
tion, and hoped Europe would not refuse to prac-
tice tomardilfuscany that mark of redressing
grievances which it has under Jess favorable cir-
cvmstances practiced towards Greece, Belgium
and the Danubian Principalities.
The National Assembly of Bologna, on the 7th,
adopted a resolution declaring that the people of
Bologna desire annexation to the Constitutional
Kingdom of Sardinia, under the sceptre of Victor
Emanuel. Bologna was illuminated in honor of
the event.
The Tuscan Government had issued a decree
enacting that the arms of the Inte Grand Ducal
family shall be obliterated from the government
stamp, and that the latter shall remain blank until
further orders.
The correspondent of the Times says, the latest
accounts received from Paris were far from fayora-
ble. The advance of the Pontifical troops into
the legation was believed to be immediate. If
they were successful, the entry of the Duke of
Modena into his State at the head of his army, was
considered probable. But if the Papal advance is
repulsed, a rising in Naples would most likely
follow.
A Milan letter expresses an apprehension that
bad blood was thrown up between the French
army of occupation and the Italians.
The return of the French Ambassador to Rome
is accompanied by a rumor that the Emperor de-
mands of his Holiness the establishment of the
legitimate legations of a Viceroy, who should
govern in the name of the Holy See,
Cuwa.— Highly important news had been
received. Admiral Hope arrived off the Peiho
iver the 17th of June, and found that the fortifi-
Bion: had been rebuilt, but no guns or men were
ible, The entrance into the river was barred
by boomsandstakes. The Plenipotentiaries joined
the squadron on the 20th, and no notice was being
taken of their arrival. An attempt was made on
the 25th to force a passage, when, on a sudden,
batteries, supported by a mongrel force, of appa-
rently 20,000 men, were unmasked and opened a
destructive fire, After a severe action the squad-
ron was obliged to withdraw with the loss of the
gun-boats Cormorant, Lee and Plover, and 464
killed and wounded. The French had 14 killed
and 10 wounded out of 60. The Plenipotentiaries
had returned to Shanghai.
A farther telegram mentions that seven officers
were killed and seyenteen wounded— Admiral
Hope being among the latter. Other telegrams
confirm these particulars, and one, via. Trieste,
adds the following :—It is stated that the Ameri-
can Ambassador has been admitted to Pekin. The
hope of the treaty being carried out, is given up,
and a fresh war is considered imminent.
Clippings from Foreign Journals,
In the Middlesex sessions, England, agentleman
sued a lady because, in a tussle with her to get a
kiss, she bit his nose off. The court ruled thata
man had no right to run any such risk with his
nasal organ, unless he was willing to stand what
damages might come from such atrial of strength,
Tue contemplated decimal system of England is
to remain in abeyance for the present, but a new
coinage is tobeissued. The metal to be employed
is to be a bronze, consisting of ninety-five parts of
copper, four parts of tin, and one partof zinc; and
the weight of the new coin will hardly exceed one-
third that of the old. Upon re-coining one-fourth
of the copper now in circulation, a profit of $94,-
000 will be realized.
Tue Paris correspondent of the London Zimes
writes that Prince Napoleon is reported to be more
than discontented with the turn of matters in
Italy; he proposes to leave Paris for some remote
part of France, to lay aside even his armorial
bearings, to quit the busy scenes of politics and
pleasure, and lead the life ofahermit, Such, at all
events, are the on dits of the Palais Royal.
Tae British Parliament is no place for a poor
man. At the last election Dr. Mitchell was re-
turned to the Commons from a place in Cornwall;
he was charged with bribery, but although be
declared himself wholly innocent, he relinquished
his seat because he was too poor to defend it. The
cost of defending before a Committee, would have
been not less than a thousand pounds, and might
haye been five thousand.
Tuere are in Egypt three hundred miles of rail-
road. When the running of the trains was com-
menced, mummies were used for fuel, and are said
to make a very hot fire, ipply is almost in-
tria recognize the war? If Austria recognizes the
war, will France once more oy to the relief of an
old ally? |
»
exhaustible, and they are used by the cord. What
adestiny. Think of devoting one’s oxiktgnsasts)
providingifgel for a locomotive,
~
On |
Gh de Condenser,
— Prol Agan
— The present popy
51,499, :
— A Registry Law
for the frst ime,
— Ejk in great numbers no’
Stoux City, Iowa.
—The French army left in Italy
men, with 95 guna.
—Jobn C, Fremont is taking $5,000 a week out of his
mines at Mariposa.
—Some of the banks of the interior of Ilinols ares:
fusing to pay specie. =
—The Isle of Man bas been eonneoted with Ei ad
by a submarine telegraph, * pe
—The corn on the lowlands in Towa has beom se
yerely injured by the frost,
—In Dover, N.H., there are annually made by 12
firms, 900,000 pairs of shoes, rs
oaltiane
— Mr. Greeley is expected home by
Mail Route within a fow days,
— The Emperor Napoleon, at Inst accounts, was sll
in ratirement in the Pyrenees,
—The venerable Daniel Dana, D. D,, died at New-
buryport, Mass, Aug, 26, aged 83
—Miss Lydia Barnard of New Hamahire
years old on Tuesday of Jast week.
es effect in Michigan this fall,
juent the violnity of
— The coal miners !n Pennsylvania, to the sumber
of three thousand, are on aistrike, a
— Commodore Stewart resumed command af the”
Philade'phia Navy Yard last week,
— Passengers are to be brought over by the Great
Eastern at rates ranging from £18 to £25,
— The first general Editorial Convention held im D-
linols convened at Freeport on the 9th inst
—Mention is made of much injury to the potatoe
crop in some parts of Connecticut by the rot
—New Orleans papers say that the sugar crop will
fall off from from 50,000 to 75,000 hogsheads.
— The frost on the mountains in Western Hampden,
Mass , on Thursday morning was very severe,
—The mountain summits in the vicinity of Piko’s
Peak were white with snow on the 15th of July.
—The new Freshman Class at Yale will be the
largest ever admitted. It contains 170 members.
— The black tongue is committing dreadfal ravages
among the cattle in the neighborhood of Belleville,
Ind.
— On the 4th inst, the American Board of Com-
missioners for Foreign Missions will meet in Philadel-
phia.
— Qhebee is again the Capital of Canada, AW the
Departments of Government haye now been removed
there.
— Prof. Owen hus accepted the office of Slate Geolo
gist of Indiana, and will commence work on the Ist of
October,
—A national horse fair is announced to be held in
Boston, beginning on Tuesday, Oct, 4th, to continue
two weeks,
—The City of Washington, which sailed for Liverpool
on Saturday week, took out two recent purchases of Mr,
Ten Broeck.
— The sheep killed and injured by dogs in Obto dur-
ing the last year, according to the late census, are val-
wed at $145,000.
—For accommodating the Empress of Russia and her
suite in his hotel, for ove night only, a landlord in Basle
charged $3,400.
— On the tax list of Providence, R. L, Alex. Duncan
heads the list. His taxable property Is $2,091,700, and
his tax $19,741.
The Kansas corn crop is so good that the article ts
worth only 15 cts. a bushel at wenworth, The wheat
crop is excellent.
— The Webster Statue, in frontef the Stato House at
Boston, was inaugurated with appropriate ceremonies
on Saturday week.
— During General Scott's absence, General Wool, as
senior officer, will be acting Commander-In-Chief in
the Atlantic States,
— The proprietors of the Great Eastern realized over
$20,000 from admission fees during the time the ship
was open to Visitors,
— The earnings of the inmates of the Auburn State
Prison, for the month of August, exceeded the expenses
of the institution $959.
—Mrs. Wm. P. Dana, of Perry, Me., has preserved
and put up during the past season fifty-seven hundred
pounds of strawberries,
— The oldest person in Cheslea, Mass., says the Tel-
egraph of that city, is a Mrs. Callahan, an Irish woman,
whose age is 104 years.
— The new freshmen class of Amherst College num-
bers 67. The sophomore class has received several ad-
ditions and numbers 70,
— An address to the free negroes of the United States
Inviting them to settle in the Island, has been issued by
the Haytien Government
— In the town of Canfield, Mahoning county, O,, two
extensive coal-oll factories are now in operadon, and
three more are being built.
— A correspondent of the New York Tribune states
that a subterranean fountain of rock oll has been dis-
covered at Sisterville, Pa.
— Mrs. Seymour, wife of the inate Henry Seymour,
and mother of ex-Governor Seymour, died at her resi-
dence in Utica, Friday week,
—Douring July, the coinage at the San Franolsco
mint consisted of $1,640,000 in double eagles, $30,000
in eagles, and $30,000 in half eagles,
—The Montreal Gazette saya about thirty or forty
marriages have been concluded at St Catherines, be
tween white women and colored men,
— A most valuable discovery of diamonds has recent-
ly been made at the foot of the Ural Mountains, Russia.
One speciinen brought the owner £60,000.
— In an old book of records of the town of Norwich,
Conn,, & fine of twenty shillings ts recorded 04 Imposed
upon Benedict Arnold, for getting drunk: 7
—Ten Broeck writes from England to a frlend in
Memphis that his winnings in Bogland ey lop-
ped $440,000! to gain which, he risked but $20,000. 4
—The first white male child of the Piko’s Peak re-
gidn was born on the Sth inst The event made quilea
sensation in Denver City and the adjacent country,
— spension bridge now in the course of
the earl yh fo at Wheeling, Will have a span of
erection oyer the Onl
over 1,000 feet, The cost of the structure is $57,000.
—San Francieco has lost its Jail and $100,000 pald
therefor, because the deed of the land on which the
building stood was not properly signed and recorded.
|
|
i
a
ala TB
irassboppern—A New Besnty tn Plas...»
ae Bollding—No. VI, (Three Iiustrations).
Foropesn Agricultare—Plowing
‘9 Third Lareer; Manner of
Killing Chickens,.....
Huogarian Grass,
Hen Ftatistics—Profitable Poultry,
Plowing—My fem. i
Winter Fallowing—Inqalry..
Borgbum * Sul) Saves
Spirit of the Press.—
ena gallons Use of 0 Check Relay... 3B
grtoultura ollany.—The Weatber; N.Y, State
ant College: tee Festivals; Boughton Wheat;
Trapeactions of a Farmers’ Club; Victory Town Palr
Outing Corn Fodder: As'l Pairs Next Week; New York
Btave Palr; The Onondaga Co, Pair; Cortland Oo. Falr,..318
AORTIOULTURAL
Prult Growers! Society of Westera New York—Pall Meck
{ng «sagas Ras
sammer Proving of the Grap ala
Varieties of Grapes for General Oulture,.
Best Pears for Western New York,...
Best Manure for Trees, &0......-++
Black Raspherry—Oulture and Valu
Black berrics—Calture and Value...
Carranta- Best Varieties and Cultare,
Preserving Flowers,
Caterpillars in Winter,
Apples,
DOMESTIC ECONOMY.
To Color Orange: To Color Blue on Cotton; A Good Way
to Keep Ripe Tomatoes; Sugar Oakes; Apple Ous-
ae B19
DIES’ OL10, em
cal :} lilo Dayton : The Right Train-
fokieats Wfoinen and Pictare Fs)
CHOIOB MISOFLLANY.
Hit, [Poetical] Hope Amld Decay; The
A Mint Hoe Hessians Ohsraster and Reputation ...... 520
SADBATH MUSINGS
ing Stil, (Portical;) The Two Ideas; Dark
Toone Doctrine and Good Counsel; The Holy i
Clty .. i
Little R.
fog of
EDUMATIONAL.
Perseverance: Seif-Education ; 8-hoo!-Room Etiquette;
Th
Teaching of Paysical Selence: Lwas Oncw Young:
Influence; Mexico Academy, Mexico, N. Y., (Lius-
trated) . sah
USEFUL OLI0,
Ancodotes of Wild Geese—No, III; The Bedoulns ..... 321
YOUNG RURALIST.
‘The Dignity of Labo:
Trimming Fruit Trees, &.; De-
eplalng Ridicule, 321
ATORY TELLER.
Moonlight Pictures, [Poetical ;) Mabel Vincent's Warn-
ing; Blnful Housekeeping ou
LIST OF NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
A Companion to Michelet's Love—Dick & Fitsgerald,
Highland Noraerles—Cowlea & Warren,
Norsery Stocks for Sale—s. T. Kelsey & Co.
“The Farmer and Gardener,""—A. M. Spangler.
The Chorlater—Abbey & Abbot,
eens
%
Toformation Wanted—Wm M,
Frankllo Grape Vines—O, T, Hob!
Cherry Troes—Wm. F tton,
Fall and Winter Campaign —1859-60.
ow is THE True
TO SUBSCKIBE FOR AND CIRCULATE
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
‘The leading and largest circulated AGuicuLTonaL, Lirenany
AND PamiLy Newsparen, 08 9 New Quarter commences with
October. The Ronare widely knownos the Best and- Most
Popular Journal of its clns—Its ConrenTs being of the first
order, (Useful, Botertaining and Pure,) and its APPEARANCE
nnique and attractive. Though published less than ten
years, it is the acknowledged
OHAMPION OF THE RURAL PRESS
in Ability, Boterprise and Circulation! It not only treats
ably and fully upon Agricultare, Hortioulture, Rural Archi-
tecture, &o,, buthas many other distinct and carefully con-
dacted Departments—under such headings as Domestlo
Economy, Educational, The Traveler, Ladies’ Portfolio,
Choice Miscellany, Sabbath Musings, Useful Olio, (Scientific,
&c.,) The Story Teller, Young Ruralist, Youth's Corner, &c.;
with a complete Summary of News, Market Reports, &c,, &c,
‘The present (10th) volume Is pronounced, by Its Patrons
and the Press, the most perfect model of a RumaL aXD
Pamity Jouawau ever published, and we invite a compari-
son with any others extant.
THE ELEVENTH VOLUME, FOR 1860,
Will routy equax the present in all respects—in Qualjty of
Matter, Paper, Printing, Itustrations, &c,, &c. As the long
evenings and lelsere of Winter are coming on apace, all
friends of the Ronax and its objects are invited to subscribe
and form Clubs for the leading advocate and promoter of | Oorn
Real " Progress and Improvement’ Journal which ever
ignores trash and humbug, and faithfully sceks to advance
the Best Interests of Individuals, Families, Communities
and the Country.
Style, Terms, &c.—Tho Ronan is published Weekly,
each Dumber comprising Eiaut Dovste Quarto Paces
(forty columns) — printed and illustrated fn superior style —
with Tite Page, Index, &c,, at close of volume, Only @2a
year —¥1 for six monthy—with great reduction and liberal
inducements to clubs and agents. Local Club-Agents want-
ed in every section where the RunaL is not circulated,
$2 Specimens, Show-Dills, &o,, sent free to all applicante.
We shill bo glad to furnish “the documenta” to any and all
persons desirous of examining or circulating the " Eircel-
stor” Rural and Family Weekly of America,
Address D. D. T. MOORE, Rochester, N. ¥.
*,* Newspapers giving the above brief Prospect -
rectlng attention to the same, will receive the Tlurvolunse,
of the Rumab
desired,) without ‘sending to us in exchange,
Id also the last half of 10th volume, if
Annivan or Tar Overtann Mar,.—The Over-
land Mail reached Jefferson City on the 20th ult,
Business at San Francisco showed more activity,
but the demand was mainly of a speculative
character, and principally in candles and pro-
visions,
A report from Oregon states that Capt, Wallen’s
command, consisting of 140 men of the 4th infan-
try, had been massacred by the Snake Indians, at
Warm's Springs, east of the Cascade Mountains.
Tho report was credited at Fort Dallas.
Dates from San Juan Island ara to the 20th ult. |
Affairs thero _Were unchanged. The American
troops wore still in possession of the island, and
their number had been increased to 400 men,
————_+e.__
From Mextco—Sovrurrx Pacirre Rartroap.— OL Stee
Monterey advices state that Gen. Senera was there
confering with Vidaurri, Diese, with 750 gen
and four guns, holds Guanojuatee, and had ban-
ished several liberals. Miramon was arming 4,
800 men for Northern Mexico. Late advices from
a Marshal, Texas, state that President Faulkes, of
_ the Southern Pacific Railroad, had made a final
} Settlement with a new company, and the creditors
From the Pacific Side,
Tax steamship Habana, of the Tehaantepec line,
arrived at New Orieans om the 2ist ul& onolala
dates are te Jaly 30th, The American bark Lan-
caster, of Follederpb age route from San Fran-
cisco to Australia, valu 822,000, foundered off
Loki, Jaly 10th, No lives were lost. The vessel
and cargo are a total loss, but fally insured.
The news from San Juan is very conflicting.
Victoria papers say that fire companies of infantry,
four of artillery, and o battery of eight thirty-two-
pounders, of the U S steamer Massachusetts, were
atibeisiand The House of Assembly on the 12th,
adopted an Address to Governor Douglas, urgently
requesting him to enforce upom the English goy-
eroment the meécessity of demanding of the gor-
eroment of the United States an immediate with-
dravval of its troops, but streauously, and atall
risks, to maintain the rights to the island, and
also to all the other islands in the same Archipela-
g9, now clandestinely and dishouestly invaded.
A motion was also adopted, urging Gory. Douglas
to form volunteer military companies, Another
statement is to the effect thatfive thousand Ameri-
cam troops were on the island. Erections bad
been thrown up, and the harbor of Victoria was
commanded by the field pieces. The island was
in 5 complete state of defense. Gen. Harney says
he will call for volunteers from theterritory, if he
is attacked. Gen. Harney had written a letter to
Gor. Douglas, to the effect that he had occupied
he island to protect the Americans from insults
of British authorities of Vancouver's Island and
the Hudson Bay Co. officers.
The British Admiral refuses to obey the orders
of Gor. Douglas to bring on a collision, and also
refuses to bring thé North Pacifie fleet pear the
island. He says he will wait for orders from the
home government, and disclaims all hostile inten-
tions, Tbe American and British officers were on
friendly terms.
tee
From Denver Cirr.—The Denver City Ex-
press of the 15th reacbed Leavenworth, bringing
$52,000 in gold dust, the largest amount yet re-
ceived in a singleshipment. Returns from eleven
mining districts give a majority of 1,600 against a
State Constitution, A vigilance committee bad
been organized in consequence of the depredations
upon property by thieves,
——____+«+
Lance Imaicratton Exrecrep,—The Liverpool
Times says it bas the best authority for stating
that the prospects of emigration to the United
States are ‘‘most promising, and that an active
movement for some months is anticipated. The
latest emigration statistics show that while there
is a falling off in the Irish emigration, the number
of English and Scotch emigrants is largely in-
creased,”
Markets, Commerce, Le.
Bonar New-Yorren omen
Rochester, Sept, 27, 1859,
FLoon—A temporary lull In trade avd no changein prices.
Gxar—Almost all kinds of ersin are moving upward In
rates. Wheat Is fully 2 cents better than last week—Corn 2
@5 cents and Oats 1 cent, By reference to our New York
olty and Albany reports it will be seen that Rye and Barley
are in demand atthe East, and the prices there obtalnable
are very much greater than in this vicinity, These are the
only grains which have not advanced in our market, distil-
ers and brewers either holding aloof altogether, or purchas-
Ing atthe figures we give, They will not pay any bigher
than we have indicated, at present; what will be thelr
course hereafter, time will show. This Is thelr purchasing
season, and the {dea prevalent with those in the market
seems to be a declining rather than an advancing tendency,
Other changes are slight and will be observed by reference
to quotations,
Rochester Wholesale Prices.
Fiovr AND Gramm,
Flour, wint.wheat,#4,76@5,75
Flour, spring do. .#4,25@4,60
Flour, buckwheat, # cwt. #0,00
Wheat, Genesee. ,91,15@) Apples, bushei
Best white Oan’a. Apples, dried
a Peaches, dries
Rye, # Cherries, dried, # D
Oats, by weight Pi
Barley...
Buckwheat
Beans...
35:
bi. 85, 0009,50,
Codfish,® quintal.es 60@4,60
Trout bbls. ..-.-- coes80
Produce and Provision Markets,
NEW YORK, Sept. 2—Fiovn—Market Ge better, with a
brisk demand'for the eastern and local trade. Sales at
94,1024,50 for super State; 94,60@4,75 for extra do.; H4,40@
4,00 for sper Western: $4,60G 1,66 for common to good ex:
tra do,: $5,15@5,80 for {nfetlor to goodshipplog brands extra
round hoop Ohio—closing buoyant, Oanadian firmer; sales
At 85,25@6.00 for extr
Gniix—Wheat 14 less actlve—holders are asking an ad-
vance of 1o, while buyers refuse to pay any, Sales at |:
100 for white Kentucky? %e for Minwaukee club; Thee tor
red Towa; 125@180c for white Western; 1200 for red Ken-
tucky; 122¢ for falr white Canadian. Rye firmer, with sales
at8l1@Sic. Barley scarce and firm; sales old State at 60c:
prime new is held at 90@91. Corn opened buoyant and
Stoned as meee ewita Ie ee 93! Ce with gales
al ic. Oal irmer al for State; 39@48c
Western: ad dase for Canadian, eRe ior
‘ROVISIONS—Pork unchanged. les at s 16,00 for
mess; 914,75 for thin do: #10, 6010, he
sales at 1ON@11\c for No, 1 city to prime Western, Butter
Steady at 18G17e for Ould; Ieg@ate for State. Chiese hrm
ALBANY, Sept. 2%.—Froon axp Mzar—The d
Fiour'is falr and there ia a pood business deine nets
tre voy ira forthe Helter rades. and the reporied falliog
¢ Inf eS hs maiber crop in the
‘eastern al eode: strengthen the market
bier descriptions. Com Afea ie fin and waleable mage
the markeb is firm, wi
Mediterrani
~ | AL Bbc, deliverable this week. Oute are In fair
et full
We at We,
lerate dewand and a
Frep—aA steady with a
fale id f
Beal. uae car lots at 830 for 18s, and Yéc for 23
RUFF, —Frorr—Deman t not
‘bad obtained full possession of the Road, and that | 34. paket ncaa Galea at #400 for fine Tndlana:
| work was ed immediatel; Tranas Whee Be en edn BLaay
recommenc: y. ste orcnt toe seit rand #965,
nb: Rooms, of North Adams, Mass,, has a shoe watee oy seal sora
her
= bas remained steady, with
Seph Memand from. Montreal conuaties St
rr ater gud prices bere are fra st
foro. Sabaitice: Sue vo 8400 for fancy, and 4,75 to 8
for exira.
6 —Wi to notice another Important move-
a Ak aa
aidas © Op react ied, Fith @ slight deciioe.
lower than the Tay pald to farmers Yesterday, the aver-
for car loadson the track *
Perera! ‘sales were reported Dollness was the feature of
ed on.
mand, at Sic to 574e# bushel,
Hay amp STraw —Hay has not been freely offered, and
prices are well sustained. The best Timothy has brought
920 Lo 026 # tun of 2,000 ms. common, $16 to #19, Straw is
Very scarce at #9 to 811 # tan —(lobe.
The Cattle Markets,
NEW YORK, Sept, 21.—The current prices for the week
at all the markets are as follows:
Beer Oatrie—First quality, @ ewt., #9,00@10,00: ordina-
Ty do, $3.00@3,75: common do, #7,00@ 8.00; inferior do,
! yas—Pirst quallty, #55,00@65,00; ord!
do FiigiSd, Gommaon dor 600000400" interior doy #340
vi ality, # ™, B@6MKe; ordin: do,
aie ssee Pie ee he Iai toe
er axD Lawns — Prime quality, @ 05,50@6,50;
oraaary do, #425@5,25: common do, $3.0064.00: inf
Gowrie Fire quailty, 6@6Xo: other qualities. 6¥@6
ALBANY, Sept, 26 —Carriz—Prices are no better than
last week. The best. and there are some very good, can
he for about 60 Wm The following are the quota
The ( nf
over the Central allroad.
Corresponding
Thisweek. Dastweek, week latyear.
lattle. ..0 2655 2784 D8
Sheep and Lambs 44 4873
HORE. .seeeeenes 133 2650
—Argua,
OAMBRIDGF, Sept 21,—At market 2119 cattle, about 1100
beeves, and 1012 stores, conslating of working oxen, cows,
and one, two and three years old.
Puices—Market beef— Extra, @7,00@7,75: first quality,
#5,00@6,25; second do, #5.25@000; third do, $4,25@0,00;
ordinary do, $3.00.
WORKING OXEN—$70, 90, 1100175 ® par,
Cows ann Oat vas—$25, 85, .
Stones — Yeartln) 0012.00; two years old, $16,008
al marke, Prices—in lots, #1,00,
20,00; three years old.
Sieer AND LAME
1.541,00, Extra, #2. 9256075
Hipes—7%G@8o#®. Pelts, 62@75c each.
OaLr Sxiss—l@ lac #D. Tallow, 7@7%4e 8m
TORONTO, Sept, 23 —Beef 1a In good snpoly at 85 for the
best, and 93,76 to $4 for second clsss an'mals. Sheep #3,50
to 81,60, Laos $175 to #2 Onives $5 to $7each. Fresh
pork #8 to $5,0 ® 109 ms.
Wout 27 to 340, Sheep skins from butchers 800; from
pedlurs, 40cto d5ceach Berl hides #6 #100 be,
The Wool Markets.
NEW VORK, Sept 22.—There has been some activity in
the wool market during rae week, and prices continue
firm but at the close the demand was less animated. A
Jarge lot of superior Califoroia wool has claimed the atten-
tion of brokera and manufacturers, aad considerable sales
have been effected at an advance in prices. Manufacturers
who have tested these wools find them desirable, as the
shrinkage is less thao In most other kinds of unwashed
treme prices prevalent,
fine descriptions in Philadelphia Is also unusually light for
the season, The eales include 150,000 ms, State and West-
ern fleece at 874 @62%e forcommon to choice band-washed
Saxony: 150.000 tte. California inferior fair te fine quality,
at 144G28\c; 65,000 Ms. pulled at 82@50c, as to qualiw:
5,000 ts Canada mixed at 82@3tc (sorted Canada js beld
at 87@ase;) 5,00 ta. uowashed Smyrna at 17c% 10,000 Is
unwashed Cordova at 18@20c, 6 mos; 100 bales Mestizo, 70
do Smyrna, 40 do Buenos Ayres, ond 50 do Cordoya on pri-
vate terms, supposed at full prices.—7ribune,
BOSTON. Sept. 22.—There 1s a good demand for fleece
and pulled wool, and the stock of both Is quite small for the
season. The sales of the week have been 20,000 tg, at 40@
Sse @ M. forfleece, The transactions in foreign wool com:
prise £00 bales. Smyrna, South American, Cape ana other
kinds on private terms, but at full prices,
Sax. and Mer,, fine Western mixed
Pall blood
Half and
Buenos Ayres
Peruvian, washed.
Harviages.
Is Buffalo, on the 2st Inst., by the Rey Dr. Hosen, Mr.
T. B, WRIGHT and Miss AMANDA M, SEYMOUR, all of
the above place,
Auburn, Sept, Ist. at the residence of the bride's fath-
ony the Rey, I M. Horrex, Mr ROBERT T. PAYNE, of
the firm of Payne & ALLEN, and Miss ALbgnTINE E., daugh-
ter of the Hon, Dayip P, GReENovGH, all of toe city of Au-
bura,
Deaths.
Deranrep this life. February sth, 1859, In hope of immor-
tallty aud eternal life. Mrs, JULIET, wife of Mr, G. 1,
OASWELL, of Pluinfleld, T1L. (formerly Miss Jonterr Ban-
Low, of Hrockport, N. ¥.,) aged 9 years,
Ar Rochester, Sept, 20th, of dysentery, CHARLES MAR-
TIN, son of M.'B, aod O. Simioys, aged 1 year, 9 months
and’17 days.
Sweet hahe, thy tiny harp Was scarcely strung
Ere tuned to higher notes In Heaven.
Advertisements.
‘Terms of Advertising —Twenty-Flve Cents a line, each
Insertion. A price and a half for extra display, or 374s cta.
perline of space, Spectat Noriors—following reading mat-
ter, leaded — Fifty Cents a Line, eack insertion, ox apvanor.
(@ The clroulation of the Rozat New-Youegs far exceeds
that of any similar journal in America or Europe, rendering
{t altogether the best Advertising Medium of {ts class.
HERRY TREES, om nice Cherry trees 2 years
Se eee ee TTTON, Genera, Ont. Oo., N.Y,
IRANKLIN GRAPE VINES—! year old, by mall,
5 : sdoxen—$20
Fis ue 0 SUT cr ig ca
Randolph, Orawford Co., Pa. s 608-1t
[NFORMATION WANTED.--
A information Concerning the life
and! foPcr character Geo. W, Beau who cameo Sichi-
ye 1. Y., several ago, will be re-
Sarde” Nidrese Opa. Me CHADS, Bevis
pet cee
iD GARDENER,” A NE’
HE FARMER AND GP ATOHTLOULTURAT
and handsot
AGRICULTURAL AND
iTHLY—One of the largest Peeaezicalia-
BM. SPANGLER.
eed Market street, Philadelphia, Pal
T=23 cz OR t875HR
A MONTHLY PERIODICAL,
devoted to the improvement of Choirs and the élifust
Musical Intelligence.
mene 2 sent gratis, & ABBOT,
51k
Tr.
Ss. GREAT VALLEY, N, ¥.,
Stocks, &c,
charge for packing or delivery at the depos,
See our
Wholesale Catalogue, 508-26
THE AMERICAN CHOIR,
By Paor. A. JOHNSON,
Pantie colleeNlon of NEW and very pleasing SACRED
containing, also,
1.—THE ART OF READING MUSIO.
TOR SIN 6.
I HE AST ie SINGING RPFE TIVELY,
1V.—THE ART OF SINGING IN CHORUS,
An Invaluable work to aJl who would learn to sing well
Price, 75 cents. Specimen copies sent nost-pald, on receipt
of price. ABBEY & ABBOT,
Tt 119 Nassau street, N.Y.
SS NURSERIBS,
Syracuse, N. Y.
60, Stand. and Dwarf Pear Trees, 815 to $30 per 100.
10,000 Stand. Cherry Trees, 2 yr.. extra Goe, $13 per 100,
100 000 Apple Stocks, 2 yr. #», and 1 yr #3 per 1000,
200,000 Apple Root Grafis In spring, $50 for 10,000.
80,000 Cherry Stocks, $4 per 1000,
10,000 New Rochelle or Lawton Blackberries, #40 to #60
per 1000,
20,000 Toanell, Catawba and Clinton Grape Vines, #50 to
Also, a general assortment of Nursery Stock, including
App'e, Plum. Peach, Qaince, Currants, Raspberries, Straw-
berries. Mountain Ash, Horse Chestnot, and other Orna-
mental Trees and Shrubs for sale oteay by.
COWLES & WARREN,
A COMPANION TO SUCHELETS. LOVE.
DICTIONARY OF LOVE,
Containg a Definition of all the Termes
used in the
HISTORY OF THE TENDER PASSION,
With Rare Quotations from the
ANCIENT AND MODERN PORTS OF ALL NATIONS.
TOOBTHER WITH
SPROIMENS OF CURIOUS MODEL LOVE LETTERS. and
many other Interesting mattera appertaining to Love never
before published; the whole formiog a remarkable TEXT
BOOK FOR ALL LOVES. aa well as a complete GUIDE TO
MATRIMONY, and a COMPANION OF MARRIED LLFE.
Translated, In part, from the
French, Spanish, German and Sirlian, with several
Original Translations from the Greek and Latin,
BY THEOCRATUS, JUNIOR.
12mo, cloth, Gilt Side and Back.
Published by DICK & FITZGERALD,
No, 18 Ann street. New York.
Also for sale by all Booksellers in this place.
Copies of the above hook sent by mail, to apy address,
free of postege, on recelpt of One Dollar. 5ORTt
ACADEMY, MEXICO, OSWEGO
Y.—The Winter Term of this long-established
December 6th. Its thorooxhoess and
popularity continue undiminished. For pariiculars address
607-08 J.D, SeEELE, A. B,, Principal.
ARGE TURKEYS.—1 shall have for sale after Nov,
Ist a fine lot of Youna Tuakeys,—old stock welghs—
Hens 1 tbs. to 23 1ba, One Tom at9mos,, 26 Ibs, Another,
aged, 93lbs. rice $10 to 915 per pair,
N ark and light colored, #5 per
trio, Also, au extra lot of CayoGa Buack Ducks $5 per pair,
Sennett, N. ¥, (074) JOHN R, PAGE.
TT OURN-TABLE APPLE-PARERS,
AT THR
STAND OF D. R. BARTON,
No. 3 Buffalo Street.
McKINDLEY & PHELPS.
PUGH SALE! two hundred thousand French Quince
Stocksat the following Law-rnices: Rie «2
Tk she emppesper ovesnd.
‘S forten **
per
for ten
Address
Rochester, N. Y., Sept,, 1859,
TRAWBERRY SEED FOR SALE—We havea
few packages of STRAWBERRY Skep, each package con-
taining more than 15,000 seeds from Hovey’s Seepuino, Wit-
SON'S ALBANY, McAvoy, Ean.y ScaRet, and other leading
which we have taken to dispose of for a worthy gar-
This is an. excellent opportunity for the amateur
who wishes to try his hand at raising new varieties of Straw-
Price #1 per package, Address “ RORAL” office,
EW GROCERY ESTABLISHMENT,
No. 20 Front Street, Rochester, N. ¥.
JONIN J, JARVIS has opened a Grocery Store, where
can be had a choice lot of Groceries —Teas, Coffees,
Sugars, Molasses, Spices, Raisins, Pranes, Zante Currants,
Nutmegs, Indigo, Tobacco, Olgars, &c,
JOHN J, JARVIS,
Rochester, Sept. 13, 1859. 607-3
LOOMINGTON NURSERY, ILL._SO ACRES.
A General Assortment of Fruit and Ornamentals, Ap-
Pie Gnarts, fine, 1 to 3 ft, & 5 to7 feet, #95 per 1,000, Per
100 Goosenknny. Honghton, 44. Rasesenny, Orange, #7,
Strawoperny, Wilson's Albany, 31,50, Tours, of 20 fine
named sorts, single and double, ‘$4. Linceus Racparn,
large roots, #10. Apri Stoces, erafting size, 10,000 #30, &c,
Terms. cash, New Bulbs and Wholesale Catalogues ‘out.
7-3 P. K, PHOENIX.
AMILTON FEMALE SEMINARY.
Mias A, A. FIELDS. ?
Miss M. A. HASTINGS, Principals,
The Fall Term of this Institution will commence on
WEDNESDAY, September 29th, 1859.
Expenses for Board, facluding Furnished Rooms, Wash-
ing, Fuel and Lights, with Tuition in regular course of
study, $174 per year.
For Circulars or admission apply to the Principala, Ham-
ilton, Madison Co,, N. Y., Sept, 7th, 1359. 507-8t
RAVENSWOOD FRUIT GARDEN AND
NURSERY.
H. 0. FREEMAN, (late Freeman & Kendall,) offers to the
Trade and others, at wholesale and retail, a large and weil-
grown stock of the following desirable plants, viz,;
RRINCKLE'S ORANGE RASPBERRY,
Myatr’s Lisnaos Rovpano,
New ROcHRLLE OR LAWTON BLACKDKRRY.
Davawane axp Rupkcca Guare Vixes—Land 8 years old,
CieRaY QURRANTS.
Also, DWARP PEAR TaeFs—of the best selected varletles;
very fine 3 years old Trees,
‘Also, NEWMAN'S ‘DHORNLESS BLACKBERRY, BLACK NarLes
Compass, &c, ke. Address 1. O 'PREEMAN
S074t Care ANDREW BRIDOEMAN, 803 Broadway, N, ¥,
oLD
wre
10 00
80 00
6 00
50 00
G. W. EASTMAN,
507-3
Price, 60 cents ver snpam, ae
119 Nassau street, N.Y)
BREERSEY & CO.,
offer for the Fall and Spring trade alarge stock of Ameri-
"THe BEST BOOK FOR CHOIRS AND SINGING
SCHOOLS,
RES! TREES! [esi
FOR THE AUTUMN OF 1859,
Puce takes Oeai{S1G0) 9 and 3 years—fne, strong and
trera, juinoe,
rat approved on the
large and fine assortment of the
can Arbor Vita 8 to 12 inches, at #15-per 1,(00; Balsam | Cuenny ee
Apia inches, $18: Norway Sornce, 3to 6 incnes #15— ears i large Dwart_one,
fui inches, #99; Red Oedar Ansan, Sootcbyand White | | Rest sorma Deautiful trees, and ef the
Pioes; European Mountain Ash: Baroptan and Ame ACH TRIES *
neaate ste Scarlel, aad Slvr Maple Seediines. Baskst | Connaxrs Red Doth: Wate Dee ee tie
WW ilben lougdton ant just oseberry; Apple }o08 | S 2
Bey Gaeiiaond plknte-at.sne lowest caan raven, No sorts Gam Secaling ‘and’ Wo beak Bich
Fr Ee eae rman
Ravesxe—Downlng's
targe earl ath frat Cahoon's Mammoth, and &
RAP VINES— e beat
“in prpAZALINE, we are enamide andthe Best care
Diana, Rebs
CON,
many other Hew and old sorts.
varieties for growling uoder glass,
dozen, or bundred, oF larger quant
Evercrenns—Noreay Spruee alam
and White Pines, Red Cedar, Am. Ai
Drowwvous Tages axp Sanons—Horse Ohe wee
Am Linden, Maples Am Onestnut, Am. ani
Ash. Judas Treo, Lal Ball
jen, ke.
oses—Climolng and Hybrid Perpetuals—a fine
of stron plants,
nu ee Arbor Vitw, Red Cedar Privet, Osage
range. £0.
Srogxs rox Nonsenrax¥_A fine supply of Angers Quincw
Pear, Plum, Oherry, \Mazaard and Mahaleb,) one year
old, and Apple Stocks 3 years old.
T. C. MAXWELL & BRO.
Geneva, Ontario Go., N, ¥., Sopt, 1, 1859. 604-5
i ts LOGAN GRAPE.—The earliestripening, biaot
hardy Grape with which are acquainted. Its fruil
Was seot to us this year earlier than any Other grape grow
outof doors Berry oval, bunch ponipack
Our Tilustrated and Desoriptive Catalogue of over 70 sorts
of Grapea, sent to applicants who Inclose a stamp,
Bote O. P. BISSELL & SALTER, Rochester, N. ¥.
Vy ATER YBFPIPF DB.
THE CHEAPEST & MOST DURABLE IN USE.
We have been onable daring the past three months to
supply the demand. for this Pipe, but have recently made
Arrangements for the manufacture on h more extended
Scale, and hope hereafter to be able to Oil all orders
promptly,
This Fipe la made of Pine Timber, in sections elght feet
long _ [tls easily lald duwn, not liable to get out of order,
and if properly ald, is the most durable of any kind of
Pipe in uses
We can produce any amount of evidence of its durability,
capacity, streogth and superiority over any other,
he price of the sixe commonly used for fara purposes,
is 4 cents per font at the Factory.
Our Manufactory is at Tonawanda, Erle Co., but orders
shoula be directed vo us aba Arcade ochets
N.Y
LS. HOBLIE & 60.
RUE DELAWARE GRAPE VINES, PROPA-
rated from the original stock, price #2 to Mf. Also, Lo-
gan, Rebecca, Diana, Concord, Hartford Prolific, and othee
new varletics, $1 to $2—all strong and well rooted, ready
for delivery in the Fall. GEO, W. OAMPBELL,
August, 1859, (602-180) Delaware, Ohfe,
SPureRERO GUANO—SO PER CENT. BONE
PHOSPHATE OF LIME.
Try 5 Bags this Pall, on an acre of your poorest land, on
Winter Wheat. Send or write for a circular and certificate
from those who have used it. Soid at #30 per tun, 2,000 Da;
14 Bags per tun.
WOOD & GRANT, New York.
502-8 WM. A. MARDIN & 00,. New York.
PHIPPS UNION FEMALE SEMINAR:
Albion, Orleans Co., N. ¥.
The next School Year of this Institution, commences on
the first Thursday of September next. For Terms, see
Catalogue at this Office, or apply to
tt'L! AOHILLES, Proprietor,
Albion, N. ¥., Aug, & 1 SOLE
RUIT AND ORNAMENTAL
TREBS, PLANTS, &c.
A. FROST & OO., Proprietors of the Genesee Valley Nur-
series, Rochester, N, Y., publish the following Catalogues
to represent thelr stock, which occuples Three Hundred
eres.
Ail parties who may desire to purchase Pralt. Ornamental
es, OF Planta, will consult thelr Interest by examining
ollowing Gat sehlehyarefarnished on applicalon.
ig ea all commmpnications,
io. L. Descriptive Catalogue o!
Re ‘0, 2 Descriptive Catalogue of 0} tal Trees, Shrubs,
thea e
No. 3. Descriptlye Catalogue of Dahlias, Verbenas, Green-
house Plants, &c,
No, 4 Wholesale Catalogue or Trade Dist.
_No. 5, Descriptive Oatalogue of Flowering Buths, 601-76
10 HOUSEKEEPERS, —SUMETHING NEW,
B. T. BABBITT’S
| BEST MEDICINAL SALERATUS,
GBs manufactured trom common salt, and Is pre GR
‘pl entirely different from other Saleratus,
all the deleterious matter extracted In such.
xD {manner as to produce Bread, Biscult, and all) AND
Kinds of Oake, without containing a particle of
"7 Smeratus when the Bread or Cake ts baked '7()
thereby producing wholesome results, Every.
particle of Saleratus is turned to gas, and passes
G8 erous the Bread or Blacult while Bakings eon- 68
sequently notlilng remains but common,
AMD
by
Water and Flor, You will readily percelve
AND |the taste of this Salerntus that it uy firey ater
ent from other Saleratas,
70) Tv is packed In one pound papers, each wrapper! 70
branded, *B. £, Babbitt’s Beat Medicinal Salera-
tus;"* also, pictireytwisted loaf of bread, with a)
GBs of eiterv: water on the top. When (6
you purchasé one paper you should preserve the)
wrapper, and be particular to get the next exack
AND lily fike the Girst—Drand as above,
Full directions for making Bread with this Sal-
[Ojeratus and Sour Milk or Cream Tartar, will ao- 70
company ench package; alo, directions for mak
ing all kinds of Pastry; also, for making Sods
GR) Water and Seldhitz Powders, 1
MAKE YOUR OWN SOAP,
win AND
Babbitt’s Pure Convcen-
) trated Potash. 0
Warranted double the strength of ordinary Pot.
ash. Putup In cans—1 ®, 2hs., 3 ms,, 6 ms. and 68
6812 ta,—with fall directions for maklog Hard and)
[softSoup. “Consumers will And thls the cheapest
Anp |Potash in market.
Manufactured and for sale
. T. BABBITT, 710
70 Nos, 68 and 70 Washington st.. New York,
501 and No. 3 Indla st., Boston,
H'CK O88, PATENT PORTABLE
CIDER AND WINE MILL AND PRESS,
This sterling Machine, which from the test of feveral
ara bas proved itself eer in polnt of simplicity and
e market, 18 now ready for the
wp\B 2:
rices. Address
0. OK, le Works,
600-9 arrisbureb, Pa.
(6) B. MAXWELL & CO.,
+ Desire to call the attention of Nurserymen, Dealers
and pibaters to thelr present stock of Frult Trees, Seed-
fines and Stocks, that for health, thrife and beauty, is not
excelled in the State, and consists principally of
AprLe Trees—Standard, 1 to 4 very thrifty and
xy, ;
Pean Tanés—Standard and Dwarf, 2 years, very S06
Cuenay Trees—Standard, 1 and 2 gears, vem uniform,
thrify and handsome, and largely of Dukes and Sor
Hf
Curnny Trees—Early Richmond, 1 year, by the 100 or 1,000,
PLum Trees—1 and 2 years, that are quite as thrifty and
handsome as the Cherry, very stocky and finely rooted,
Gooseuenntes Mostly Honghton’s Seedling, 1 and2 years,
OOSKUERRIES— Mos n ¥ GB
-Rasroxrntes—Leading sorts, and largely of Brinckl
Rosts Climbing and Hybrid Perpetuals, strong plants.
STOCKS AND SEEDLINGS FOR NURSERYMEN
PEAR Semuagpe—* lorge quantity, unusually strong and
bi la
Poot ’uedtanca—From the Large Ble oF Horse Plum, very
jeenLINos—Mahaleb and Mazgard No, 1,
Smepuings—2 years, a very large quantity.
Quixce Srooks—Aneers, strong and well rooted,
Quixce SeenLINGs—Orange, 1 year, and various other arti-
cles of Nursery Stock. 0. 8, MAXWELL & CO.,
507-4t Dansville, Livingston Co., N. Y.
UANO.—We would call the attention of Guano Deal-
on hand and forsite-at THIRTY PER GENT Lees THA
PERUVIAN GUAND, and which we claim to be superior to
. This Gu
aillr derg fom fs ate aa Soh
Sa anita pe ee
Meera Onentis oot ed ce none
Basep Mts a
H. WEBB,
Bons Phosphate
canses ihe
insects, For orders in
saperence oA eee cunpuly attended. 10.) Or ‘Dal
(whi
ni
bo JOHN i 8. RDY, Agen!
ed x.
hid Guano or fertilizer ever imported or manufactured in
this count
jakers’ Island, in the “South
ted by many of our prominent
it Ren Obtain a pure.
found to contain (as Ww!
Fairpo1
cid, and other animal organic
matter. yielding ammonia sufi lent to preduce immediate
ms
gets ‘taining full particulars of ann and tests of
No, 68 South st., corner of Wall st, N. Y.
M*#® YouR_own soap.
SAPONIFIBR:
OR,
PURE CONCENTRATED POTASH.
Warranted double the strength of ordinary Potash, One
ound will make twelve gallons good strong Soap, without
ime and wich Ute trouble, Manufactured and put.ap tm
Aad an 6B. cant, {no Jorape, ith directions, at the Omat-
Lanae CoEMIoaL WokkS, ch a DURKEB & 00,
181 Péurl sirect, N. Y., Proprletore
Sold everywhere. 500-256
Heme=s FOR ALL!
FOR SALE,
able FARMING LANDS to
Weatrevh i deta Kenia, and Middle Teanomen
‘Also, Valuable Lands 1p van and Elk Counties,
Pennsylvania,
Axwnican Emionaxt Arp axp Homesteap
caret d Hroadway, New York. rig
Company, No. 1°
FAtmroar CHEMICAL WORKS,
B. DeLAND,
th greatly
maul perlor:
EAM TARTA OAR.
SALER AVA DA, ‘Sal SODA
Ill be sold
eee rte oe
pure
careful to p
He on the wrapper, as
rt, Monroe Oo., N. ¥.
ire mas toes vara ato
‘De
rig anid sole.
ry, Bags and
and Meal
a
£
Bi Fe.
vd RES.
YS MOONLIGHT PICTURE
————-
i O, Moowtigim, making pictures bright
; Upon my parlor wall—
¥ Thom bringeds to me a ebildish yolee,
i A gentle, timid call
one who, with her little face
ed "gainat the window-pano,
1d call throughout the twilight-time,
moonlight, come again
jake bright pictures on my wall 1”
when the drooping trees
Were parted by the moaning winds
That came up from the seas,
And quivering bars of silver light
Were moving o'er the wall—
The shadows of the boughs without,
And c’en the blossoms fall— 7
She'd try to grasp t jone shining rays
And, in that soft, bright light,
Bhe looks as now—unseen she walks
With angels robed in white,
most 8 uptorned face,
lari wondering eyee,,
A watching now the fleecy clouds
Go sailing up tho skies,
Talmoss hear those childish words—
‘They soothe my hearts deep paln—
‘As clouds go drifting o'er the moon,
“O, pictures, come again!
re
1
O, whispering winds and sobbing seas,
listen —now she's dead ;
Her little yotce filled all my heart,
T heard not what ye sald,
©, moonbeams, rest upon the grave
Where my blue-eyed baby sleeps;
But come not to the dreary walls
‘Wherein o mother weeps.
[ome Journat.
*
Vi
i
i.
»*
he
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
‘MABEL VINCENT’S WARNING.
BY KATE CAMERON.
“Trene! Harry, that is what I call a model
husbsn: aid the young and beautiful Mrs. Viv-
cext, looking through the half drawn Venetian
blinds of their pretty cottage parlors, at a stately
mansion across the way, the owners of which were
iat stg themselves in their elegant carriage
for their evening drive.
“There's Mr. Lawrence, who thinks all the
world of his wife, I’m sure he does, for there’s no
end to the splendid silks he buys her; and then,
~ whenever she chooses, she can haye him to wai
on ber to rides, oF to, parlor the opera, and
you never go anywhere with me/”
“And does my little wife think I love her less
because I cannot, like a. millionaire over the
way, devote myself ex ely to her service ?”
Harry spoke kin d threw his arm care-
lessly about his wife.
» At any other time, Manger would have answered
him with a kiss, and dropped the subject ato,
irit of discontent was aroused, and
ttishly, “No doubt you do love me
one likes Fome proofs of affection
not working for you all the while,
the response; “but,” he added, a
nly, ‘‘you shall have proofs—you shall
have substantial proofs.”
And before Mrs, Vincent could speak, her bus-
band had gone back te the sto: gone without
the “‘Good-night kiss,” never before omitted since
] e brought is bride to their humble but tasteful
ome — gone, with a weight upon his buoyant
rits, and a heavy feeling in his heart to which
48 all unused,
_ And Mazen? At first she strove to justify her-
self for her cruel words. “At any rate I only
spoke the truth, Harny never does go anywhere
with me, heis always delving in that old store;
and only to-night when I asked him for that blue
silk, he told me he couldn't afford it. I used to
think merchant's wives could always have their
choice out of their husband's stock of goods, but
here, I've only had a two shilling gingham, anda
four shilling berege this Summer, while Mrs.
Lawerece has had at least a dozen beautiful and
oxyppsire dresses, Ob, dear! it is too bad!”
Mapex Vincent leaned her head upon her
‘end wept.
t. It contained the coveted blue silk, with
h trimmings she had so earnestly desired,
ddelighted, Maver carefully examined
ne costly fabric, now throwing it ever @ chair,
i he better to mark its ef-
ng
id
that hour there was a perceptible
ives of
Some costly gift was not added
to feel in
a
their little co
her simp
old
l hana it ahaaeore
Harry and Manen. Scarce |
RURAL NEW-
T
happiness? Ab, no! she wearied, even to satiety,
of the heartless show and ceremony by which she
was surrounded — sbe pined for the quiet comfort
which bad been hers in their cottage home, for
then HaRny Ww: leyotion to her; now he never
spent an bow! t converse with her—be
had no time be was ‘‘a man of the
world,” she a * onable lady”—he no longer
called her “Maneu,” or “ Durling,” it was “Mrs.
Vixcrnt,” for she was the same cold and haughty
person to bim, that she was to the world, and if
she smiled, twas as she did all other things, a
studied effort. There were no more ringing laughs
heard, telling of a light and joyous heart. All
was cold and glittering, a8 an iceberg in the sun-
shine,
Meanwhile, there was some speculation among
the inhabitants of the goodly city, where dwelt
our friends, a8 to the sudden change in the life of
the Vincents. Some shook their heads wisely and
declared it boded no good; they used to think
Hanry Vincent a prudent business man, and one
well-to-do in the world, but he was getting to be a
sad spend thrift, and could not long maintain such
anextrayagant style, Others hinted plainly about
his ill-gotten gains, and neglected business; until
at last, the dreadful conviction was forced upon
Manet’s mind, that her husband, whom she had
believed to be the very soul of honor, had sunk to
the level of 1 common gambler! Nor was the
kindred vice of intemperance long in making of
him another victim. Night after night would he
enter his dwelling, with blood-shot eye, and flush-
ed countenance, telling too plainly of the midnight
revel. And poor Manet would weep bitterly over
the ruin of his noble manhood. Expostulation
and entreaty were alike in vain. Her own band
had given the first impulse, and now she had no
power to stay the course of events which were fast
hurrying to destruction all that had been dearest
to her.
But the crisis came, Debts of honor, which he
had not the means to cancel, accumulated on Mr.
Vincent's hands. Night after night, day after
day, he played and lost; the fates seemed against
him. At length, driven to desperation, by the
taunts of bis successful opponent, to whom he w,
| indebted for many thousands, he plunged the as-
sassins knife into his heart, as they were both
leaving the saloon where Vincent had staked and
lost his all,
Rushing through the deserted streets with the
frenzy of a madman, Harry Vincent entered his
house, and hurrying to his wife's dressing-room,
where she was laying aside the costly raiment she
had just worn at a fashionable levee, be rudely
seized her arm, and drawing the blood-stained
dagger from his yest, he exclaimed yehemently,
“Here, Mapet Vincent, is the proof of my love
for you! You asked for proofs, and I have given
them. I have perjured my yery soul for you.
Step by step, baye I gone down—down—from the
respectable and honorable position I once enjoyed;
Ihave become a gambler,—a drunkard,—and,”
he added in a low, hissing voice, “a murderer /
Manet, the oflicers of justice will soon track my
footsteps; they will arrest me, and I shall offer
no resistance, I will pay the penalty of my crimo
with the life which is a burden to me, and when
all is over,—when your husband has suffered an
ignominious death,—then, Manet Vincent, do
not say I never gaye you any proofs of my love!
At your hands will Gop Tequire my soul, for you
have been my destroyer!”
With a loud cry, Manet sunk fainting at his
feet,—and just at that moment she heard a cheer-
ful voice exclaiming, ‘What! darling, have you
been asleep? I didn't think ’twas so late;” and
Manet opened her eyes to gaze upon the frank
and beaming countenance of her husband, and to
realize th a grateful heart that she had been
dreaming! They were still the humble, but
happy and honorable inmates of the cottage; the
princely mansion, and all its gilded misery, had
faded into the shadowy tissues of a vision. She
looked in yain for the blue silk, which had been
the token of the first downward step, and with
tears of mingled penitence and thanksgiving, she
bounded to her husband's side, and throwing her
arms around his neck, exclaimed, ‘Oh! Haney,
forgive me; I have been go miserable since you
went away, and I spoke so unkindly to you,—can
you forget it all, and love your wayward Mane.
still?”
Hanry sealed the ready pardon with a fond
kiss, then added in a serious tone— Yes, Maven,
Ido forgive you, though it grieved me to hear
‘ou complain to-night, and to know that all my
iisor for our mutual happiness and sperity
failed to satisfy you of my sision, Mu see
how it is—you did not really mean you said;
“twas but a passing whim, not the sober conviction
of my true-hearted wife. We will still be happy
in ourilittle home, and bye-and-bye you shall have
all you wish.”
“T have it now,” wi ABEL'S earnest response.
>, dear Hanky, is worth more than gold
me. I would not give it in exchange
ealth of the wide world,”
and Hope spanned their pi
Not very long afterwards, Mr. Viner: faving
completed a Be transaction, told
his wife that now he thought be could
blue silk she had 0 much desired.
“No, Hanry, not forthe world,” shi
with an untary shudder, f
bear to hat dress!”
“Very well, I'll not compel you to, my dear,’
was the rejoinder; “but I thought you wished it
A
“TI could never
Hanry’s eyes thanked his thoughtful wife,
though he said not a word, and as she had never
related her dream to him, he was somewhat ata
ge in her
Fouxs must put up wi’ ‘aggre kin as they do
= wi’ their own noses—it’s th wn flesh and blood.
his'career, and the gliding years found him rap-
idly advancing in the estecm of the wise and good,
as well 8s rising in the scale of worldly prosperity.
His gentle wife was to him, meanwhile, a bless
and ao aid. Her love avd her sympathy were
never withheld, and after they bad, in reality,
exchanged the home of their early married life,
for one more befitting their social rank, and were
surrounded by all the luxuries that wealth oe
procure, Manet Vincent still retained the child-
like simplicit} and earnest truthfulness that bad
first won the love of her kind and noble husband,
~ Bochester, N, ¥., 1859.
~
SINFUL HOUSEKEEPING.
Tr was oWBusy. day with me. How many euch
did every week bring with it! Moroing “chores”
in abuodance—little lunch baskets to prepare for
achool—little faces and hands to wash—refractory
hooks, missing buttons, knotted strings, all to be
arranged at the moment, Fretful baby to quiet
and amuse—an early dinner to get—table provision
to be made for company, upon the shortest notice
— house to be set in order to receive them — and,
worse than all, a3 sharp goad in the side, under
all this burden, lay that easily-besetting but care-
fully-concealed sin, the determination that every-
thing should be done with just so much nicety and
exactness a3 I deemed essential to “good house-
keeping.”
Sir ever before was baby half so irritable as
this day !—never half so unwilling to sit upon the
carpet and please himself, I had some misgivings
as I remembered the difficulty with which he had
cut the former teeth, and the possibility of a return
of the convulsions; yet how many items, in the
order and arrangement of my house, must I neg-
lect, if I gave my time to him? And the rest of
the children, too—it seemed as if they would never
get off to school, Books mislaid—slate lost—and
excuse wanted for a deficient composition! I
thought Job certainly had never tried a mother’s
perplexities, when he won the palm for patience.
Yet, secretly, conscience was worrying me sorest
of all—for if I would but omit the polishing of cer-
tain articles of table use, upon which I was bent, I)
knew I might soon find little Emma's book, and
for Charlie's slate, 1 remembered that some little
school-mates were amusing themselves with it the
day before, seated in the wood-shed, where no
doubt it was left. But Iwas too much provoked
by the successive vexations to be willing to redeem
his carelessness so easily.
As the children left the house, Emma's sobs ie
not ceased. Anna was cross at the long delay.
But Charlie turned his large, loving eyes upon his
mother’s yexed and care-worn countenance, and
murmured su¢h a cautious, sad ‘*good-by, ma,”
that the words fairly stungme. An angel's reproof
lay all over that fair young face, with its earnest
gaze! With neryous haste, I buried myself in
domestic concerns.
At lost, although fatigued, heated and restless in
spirit, all was completed. Each room had received
the last touch; every desired arrangement had
been brought about—even baby bad dropped in a
quiet Before the arrival of my guests, and
for jort interval, I was conscious of one of
tho! ses in which the soul is ready to speak.
Just then, walking slowly across the room to
replace a broom, which had been in use, I observed
a shred or string lying upon the carpet. Sur-
prised that even this small remnant of untidiness
should be left, where I thought all had been in
complete order, I paused, and set about removing
the intruder. I swept—but it remained. Stoop-
ing down to pick it up with my fingers, I found it
—a sunbeam !-—a tiny, sweet beam had stolen be-
tween the darkened blinds and actually nestled in
the carpet, when bustle and hurry, and annoy-
anees had banished every vestige of sunshine from
the heart. A light from that peaceful sunbeam
shone into my deepest soul, as ifit were a light-
ning’s flash that had poured in upon me,
In my ignorant nicety, I had been trying to
sweep away a sunbeam from the carpet! Oh, how
many bright beams had I, on that very day, swept
and washed and cleaned out of my house! The
faces of my little children peered up from the ray
on the floor, and—how they did plead to a mother’s
heart. The soothing, forbearing tone with which
my husband had met the fretful complaints of the
morning—this, too, spoke out from the little sun-
beam. I quivered under the sound of it. No
angry reproofs could have pierced my heart with
halfso many sorrows! Asall my folly and ingrati-
tude stood unmasked before me, my anguish was
inexpressible. Sinking into a chair, I buried my
face in my hands, and while the scalding tears
flowed, such prayers wentap? from my aching
heart as, I trust, have nover been forgotten or lost,
How trifliog—how unimportant, now appeared
the vain emulation which so constantly spurred
me to anxious labors, Every household article
might shine by the toils of neatness, but how was
my soul, day by day, darkening with impatience,
complaints and unthankfulnes#. How small a mat-
ter in the sight of God, and now in my own sight,
was the envied reputation of a housekeeper in
comparison with that gentle patience, that loving
sympathy and aid, which my children required and
deserved at my hands. I longed for their return
from school, that I might begin to retrieve my
injustice to them, Peace, sweet peace, how bad I
shut it out from my heart—shut it from my family
—ah! how busy had I been sweeping it all away !
T love the remembrance of that gentle monitor,
the sweet little sunbeam! I date a renewed exis-
tence from the day it strayed so unbidden into
my parlor, I trust I have learned to devote my
energies to hat is satisfied and eternal,
rather than ain ve ever so well the meed
of haman ap; for its own sake, I now ques-
tion the virtue of that degree of household order,
neatness, ort:
le kindnesses and charities of
main plan,
our estimate
tions are
de bry onal happiness and comfort, —
Advocate and @uardian,
— Ee
wv
moderate price, ani
tion price, in cloth,
scription price
my Publicat
Vit and Humor,
Misrnixts. will present themselves in other
columns than those of ni pers. The author
‘of a temperance novel wrote, drankenness
is folly,” was horror-strack to read, “‘drankennesy
is jolly.”
A wvapy said to her husband, in Jerrold’s pres
ence, “My dear, you certainly want some new
trousers.” ‘No, I think not,” answered the nffeo-
tionate husband—" Well,” Jerrold interposed, “J
think the Jady who wears them ought to know.”
“Bor!” called out Brown, to the waiter at Sam’a
“Don’t call me boy, sir; I’m no boy, eir,” said the
latter, “Then do as you'd be done by,” put ia
Brown; “‘and don’t call this mutton damd any
more!”
“Wire,” said a man, looking for a boot-jack,
“Thave places where I keep my things, and you
ought to know it.” “Yes,” said she, “I ought
to know where you keep your late hours — but I
“T am certain, wife, that I am right and that
youare wrong; I'll bet my ears on it.” ‘Indeed,
husband, you shouldo’t carry betting to extreme
lengths!”
“Tre Law,” said Judge Ashurst in a charge,
“is open to all men, to the poor as well as the
rich.” “And so is the London Tayern,” added
Horne Tooke, who was present,
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA.
/ 1 4 composed of 22 letters,
My 21, 20, 4, 8, 21 is « boy's name
My 1, 2, 20, 4, 121s @ petty rascal,
My 18, 8, 9, 22 is to be eaplent
My 7, 5, 16 1s an adverb,
My 18, 8, 21, 6, 18, 20, 8, 10, 12, 6 ie an ofMcer who
watches the landing of goods at the custom house,
My 15, 8, 16, 5 is to swell,
My 8, 17 Is a preposition.
My 10, 14, 13 is to draw by a rope.
‘My 11, 22, 2 is a domestic fowl.
My 11, 14, 18 is an adverb,
My 13, 20, 6 is the act of opposition.
My 19, 8, 1, 12 is a garden tool.
My whole is a proverb,
Hopewell, N. Y., 1859.
~ Answer in two weeks,
IE
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
PROBLEM.
‘Toe boundaries of a certain rectancular farm, con-
taining 163 acres, haying been completely effaced, the
owner requested o Surveyor to determine anew the
magnitude and position of the bounding lines, Find-
ing four trees, A, B, O, D, remaining, which were
known to stand one on each side of the farm, he meas-
ured the distances A B, BG, OD, D A, A OG, and found
them to be 160, 120, 187.3, 40, and 171.02 rods respec-
tively. Can the boundaries be determined from these
data without the aid ofa compass? What are the di-
mensions of the farm? A. B, Evans.
Madison University, N, Y., 1859,
§@~ Answer in two weeks.
Squarine Time OrnoLe—Of course your readers are
acquainted with the game of “ squaring,” agiven word,
which has of late been current in society. You will
perhaps put upon record the “equaring of the circle,”
which Isend you, It is us follows :
O1BOLE
» TOARUS
RAREST
OnREATE
LUSTRE
ESTEEM
The condition of this squaring is that avery Itne, hori-
zontal and vertical, shail be a knowo d. I may re-
mark that the reason why the circle Is especially diffl-
cult to square in this way is, thatin it three consonants
come together—k © 1; and these, of course, in makin,
the other words, must be followed by a vowel ora liquid,
—Selected.
ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS, &c., IN No, 506,
Answer to Miscellaneous Enigma;—A model of pru-
dence and perfection,
Answer to Poetical Enigma :—86 years.
Answer to Algebraic Problem ;—907377,096 plus acres
at $1,00 per acre.
Advertisements.
‘OT A HUMBUG .—Wanted, one or more Young Men
In each State to travel, to whom will be pald 30 to #76
per month, and expenses, For particulars, address with
stamp, M. Bb, ALLEN & OO., Plaistow, N, H. 604-136
600. 000 ACRES OF HANNIBAL AND ST,
A JOSEPH RAILROAD LANDS, For Sale on
Long Credit and at Low Rates of Interest.
These Lands, granted by Congress to aid in construction;
the Road, lie, to a great extent, within Six Miles and all
within Ritteen Miles of the Road, which Is now comploted
through a country unsurpassed in the salubrity of its Cli-
mate and fertility of lls Soil, Its latitude adapts It to a
greater variety of prodvots than land either north or south
of iN rendertos pie RORUAI OY lebron Sire ‘cert and
steady than in any other district of our .
ts position is such as fo command at Low Rates of Frelght
both Northern and Southern Marketa,
‘To the Farmer desiring to bette his condition, to parties
wishing to Invest money In the West, or any in dearch of a
Prosperons Home these Lands are commended.
or full particulars apply to LAH .
Tand Commissioner Hannibal and Se Joseph allroad,
505-18t Hannibal, Mo.
ROFITABLE EMPLOYMENT!
AN IMPORTANT WORK FOR AGENTS,
JUST PUBLISHED,
THE LIFE, SPEECHES AND MEMORIALS
oF
DANIDL WHBDBSTHR,
Yolume, at a ve
form, Buber.
leather,
recelpt of sub-
contents of the work, and Catalo;
MOHD ANE RUM Pa
SON. Pu
% South Third Street, Philadalp!
ple copfes sent by mall, pos
ber,
506-13 hia, Pa,
r
<-
sae
op a
REAT SALE OF Rear, fF TATE,
WITH VALUABLE my
Apicaty, Ning al Co, BUILDINGS,
‘Tum Executors of the
will nell
‘he Brick Hotel kno:
the Dulldings connected w
Jaod, The buildings are
ousand dollar. —
2d. The Steam Saw-Mitt, nearly new,
eave? at a costo four or five thonsand
nished with power suflicient for a
ery, maith Taud sufficient for the puro
and other
f the xoiil,
Ninety.six acres of land with ble thle
one mile west of Olcott known i the Hopking
Sune
Tet 7
Haine
Seventy-five acres of timbered land, Ising
Tiles southwest of Olcott, ‘This {sa valuable woutiiot, and
Wil ve sold all torether orth parcels, as we and ph m8
Sth, Two wataatte villae lots in West Olcott in the een
tre of the village, onposite M1) ‘Ouitwater's store, ‘Also,
perce Shela es East Oloott,
he properly above enumerated must bé eold, and
yaluable proveniy Milt probatly be olfered, Tie vilinee oF
Olcott Is located at the mouth of the Kighteen-Mile Creek
on the shore of Lake Nae fod for benuty of scenery,
salubrity-of al imate, ood rouds, water,
FOUL. GE flo
arouind It cannot be excelled by anvihlon In thie wale att
Pera decitinn soaire y mi come and gee, as this wilt
fe arare chance for a .
BAe a argain, Bale to commer atld
TknMS OF Sim —All sums onde
and balance In three equal and
est; all sums over $1,000
{o five equal annual
bankuble paper, due in
An Meu of cash, If
it four
1 pertaininy
je had by
ALBRIGHT,
icott,
o the above co
or A. T
Yates, Orleans
it
F.N. ALBRIGHT,
A. T. WETHERWAX,
OC: FOR THE ScHOOoLS!:
‘To the Children of the North, the
South, the Hast and the West.
CLARE’S SCHOOL VISITOR,
Volume IV,
The October number of this popular DAY-SCHOOL
PAPER will be the commencement of the Fourth Valine:
‘The Visitor is a quarto monthly paper, containing, in pleas-
Jog varlety, Useful Stories, Readlo
501Steow } Executors,
Diniogues, Poetry
Sketches of Travel, Music. (in round and seven.shaped
notes,) Songs, Enigmar, Pozzlem Educational News, and
Floe Eogravings.
biiehed In Volume TT —
Me So,"
Love
rds Can Never Die
Darling Neliie Gray;
Set My Heart Upon a Flowers" "TakeMe Home
Wide Awake, Boys;" “Just Twenty Yeurs Ago,"”
or ** My School-boy Daya," &c_
Next year we shall do more than ever for our young
friends. The Visitor has a beaatifully engraved heading,
and Is printed in the best style,
Winter Schools and Long Evenings are at Hand.
GET IT FOR A SCHOOL READER,
GET IT FOR A HO! COMPANION,
Premiums are given for Clubs, Compositions, Map-Draw-
‘be Angels To!d.
{ive Childe
“Listen to
riting.
RRM fty Cents a year; Twelve Coples, only Three
Dollars,
7 Practical Teachers the Visitor ts furnished at
oe 1 fossanecimian (Ades
en.
iii ‘ALEX. CLARK,
5068508
Editor and Pablisher, Pittsburgh, Pa,
Wee SALE, TEN FARMS IN FAIRE.
©,, contaln-
ing from $0 to #55 per acre. —
Va., 15 to 18 miles from Washington City,
acres, Prices, $15 to
Healthily located and adapted to the growth of arain,
fruits, vegetables, &c.
AX CO.,
To the midst of a northern
ment, and a better market than New York City. For par-
Aculars, address ARLES SULTON,
Steow Fairfax Court House, Va.
MANN ¥Y’S COMBINED
REAPER AND MOWHBR,
WITH WOOD'S IMPROVEMENT,
For the Harvest of 1869.
‘The subscriber bees to Inform the public that he continnes
to manufacture this popular machine, and pledges hinnself to
produce an implement that will fully sust
its former repu-
tation, as the best combined
machine yet introduced, and
inferior to none, either as a Reaper or Mower,
Tt Los bad a. ly ond ee fe ep ap uae Soar etree
achieving a complete success In the first important trial
Geneva in 1852, It carried off the highest honors atthe
Natlonal Field Trial at Syracuse in 1857; and amidat
tition and trials of 1858, came out with more and
G
pe
al principles pecullar to thie machine, and upon
Is constructed, hat ‘succesful that thers
ern,
‘The main effort during the last year has been to improve
Teale quid ancien fa resoeation $4 tue laatx aoe en
snd mustain ita reputadon ss theses aril
re le machine fo the largest class
country.
of farmers ip the
Woaranted vanpble of enialn from 10 to 15 acres of grass
B workmanlike manner.
oWice of Machine os heretofore, varies wcsording 16 width
of cul, Peto peal ty He rater b Leda te
re vere ere on
sections of the country, from Tio 016d d i yeah
ON annfacturer and Proprietor, Hoosick Falls, 2. Y.
BENNETT GRAY, Brockpo)
ON,
col TE Me sg x
Wee SP ae Mow H5AR.--
Patented February 224, 1859,
bg the six years I haye been engaged in the manafac-
fore of the Many Combined ‘Reaper and Mower, T bars
iven much thoughtand attention to the construction of what
[pees would be agreat want of the Farmers—a
= Sneane mactine expressly for mowing, than
een made,
id now, after the most thorough and repeated experi-
ments and testa In every variety of field, and in all kindsand
In every condition of grass, I ain prepared, with entire confi-
dence, to offer to the farmers and dealers of the United
Btates, the tens Gan ter neae i this Soa re a
ibor- chines—a Mower, 6
fiyforgood work to any hitherto introduced. of aay
Dat cheep, and durable.
ls
ye
chine I now offer as my latest invention, lo meet a
special want of farmers, and to place within the reach of all,
a Mower that for ces oat working, cheapness and simplici-
ty, will be without a rival. >
{ build Two-Horse and One-Horse Mowera. The Tyo-
Horse Mower welghs 425 ma., and cuts a swath ,our ‘cet wide
or moreM specially ordered’) The One-Horsa Mower welghs
Gos lesa, Ge Ba,,) and cuts a swath three and a half feet
de
wide,
For amore fall d lon of the Mower, re crencelsmade
il hich be furnished on application. —
win each mad Je wall be furnished two extra guards two
jong, one wrench and oil can.
Warrant ted capable of cutting ten acres of grass per day tn
a workmanlike manner,
Price of Two-Horse Mower, 080
Da a ed h penane Mower, 10
ered here on the cars.
Toontinue as heretofore, and with greater muocess than ab
‘any previous time, the manufacture and sale of “Manny's
Patent Oombined Reaper mid Mones wlth ny 's Improve-
ment” ER A. y
facta d Proprietor, Hoosick Falls, N. ¥.
PRASE E ROGLESFON, Of Hiate BL, albany, Axenta for
Albany County and vicinity.
BENNETT GRAY, Brockpo!
port,
IN, Scotteville,
eg) BENBY Batra for Monroe County, N.Y.
SS
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
THE LARGEST CIRCULATED
Agricultural, Literary and Family Weekly,
13 PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY
BY D, D, T. MOORE, ROCHESTER, N, Y.
(fico, Union Buildings, Opposite the Court Mouse, Buffalo St,
TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
Two Dollars a Yeor—8! for six months, To Clubs
and Agents as follows :—Three Coples one year, for #5; Six,
and one free to club agent, for #10; Ten, and one fres for
415; Sixteen, and one free, for #2; Twenty, and one free,
for #2; Thirty-two, and two free, for #10, (or Thirty for
#57,60,) and any greater number at same PA ad
per copy—with an extra copy for every Ten Subs ‘fein
over Thirty. Clad papers sent to different Postoflices
sired, Aswe pre-pay American postage op Papers sate
the British Provinces, our Canadian agen! 7 th
add 124 cents per copy to the club rates e
The lowest price of coples sent to Burope, Bc.
60 —Including postage. 2
rebortie 8 —Twenty Five, Sane cn
e Is
ton, payable In advance. Out Tats to elght consecutive
brief, more th
pean alee reer Medicines, &c,, are not advertised in
conditions.
eM rae Rorat Is only 94 cents per quarter
‘State, and 64 cents to any other State, if
ataney saab at the post-office where received.
1x ordering the MysAt plese send us the best money
conveniently obtainable, and do 0k forget to give your Mu
address—the name of ts also State, &e.
ts and fri
e
is only
$a i'n i
FO,
ae. |g
machin
ase
Tso,
7
th
veld
2
I
ooking
D
le
TWO DOLLARS A YEAR.)
“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.”
[SINGLE NO. FOUR CENTS.
VOL. X. NO. 41+
ROCHESTER, N. Y.—FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, OCTOBER 8, 1859.
{WHOLE NO. 509,
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
AM ORIGINAL WEEELT
RURAL, LITERARY AND PAMILY NEWSPAPER
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE,
With an Ablo Corps of Assistants and Contributors.
Tre Rona New-Yonxen 1s designed to be unsurpassed
in Value, Parity, Usefulness and Variety of Contents, and
unique and beautiful In Appearance. Its Conductor devotes
his personal attention to the supervision of its various de-
partments, and earnestly labors to render the Runat an
eminently Rellable Gulde on all tho Important Practical,
Sclentific and other Subj intimately connected with the
business of thoxe whose ts It xealously advocates. —
It embrnees more vie Horticultural, Sclentifie,
Faucatlonal, Literary and News Matter, Interspersed with
appropriate and beautiful Engravings, than any other jour-
| nal—rendering It the most complete AGRICULTURAL, Lit-
| Rmany axp Pasir Neweraren in America,
JOTTINGS FOR THE SEASON.
Whew the labors appropriate to the present
| month are concluded, it may be said that the active
he can now enjoy a brief period of leisure. There
isto be no “folding of hands,” certainly; but, the
hurry ond bustle incident to all the months be-
tween seed-time and harvest will give place to
comparative ease and quict. Those latter condi-
tions of both mind and body, however, will very
much depend upon the proper accomplishment of
the tasks yet on band, and though we may not
add anything to the general stock of knowledge by
our present writing, we purpose giving a few
hints, just jogging the mentalities of our readers
to the merits and necessity of completeness. The
sluggard, and he who procrastinates, will be
caught, not only napping, but badly froat-bitten,
should the former indulge ‘in a little more sleep,”
} and the latter put off for a ‘more convenient
season” the duties of to-day, ‘ Now is the con-
stant syllable ticking upon the clock of Time,” we
are told, and he who marks these conditions, and
fulfills the requirements of the moment, will
always be found among the dfn of the age.
The Corn Crop, judging from the quotations
now obtainable, and the recent advance taken in
rates, isto be one of our paying institutions, for
several months, at least. The early part of the
year was very unfavorable,—in fact, during the
entire summer we have had but little ‘old-fash-
ioned corn weather,””—and the development of the
crop has been a succession of diflicultios. Proba-
bilities seem to fayor the idea that considerable
quantities will not be well matured, and the
aggregate valuo considerably diminished thereby.
Every advantage which can be taken, ought to be
seized with promptitude by the cultivator, so that
not only himself but the country at large may be
benefited. “Topping” and ‘‘cutting up,” are
the two recognized modes of securing, and the
favorites of each haye pressed their claims upon
the public ear through the columns of the Ruran
in days past. The main arguments for the former
course were, that it cures the better portion of the
stalk before it is injured by frost—allows free
access of sun and air to the crop, thus hastening
its ripening—and requires less labor. Our fodder
is very short, however, and if there were no other
Teason for adopting the practice of “cutting up,”
this, under the circumstances, would be deemed
suflicient by a goodly number of cultivators. —
When corn is fairly glared it is fit to eut up at the
ar: this mode will materially assist in keep-
ing wp the condition of fodder-rack and cattle.
If not burried by fear of frost, we should allow
corn to stand until the busks begin to loosen, to
facilitate their removal in securing the crops.—
After cutting and binding, the best method is to
place in stooks of from six to ten bundles. It can
stand in this condition for considerable period
withoutinjary. After husking place the bundles
in larger stooks until the corn is entirely beyond
the reach of On a dry day draw and
stack near the barn in small stacks—of not
‘More than two loads each—and it is well to place
Pole in the centre of each stack, with two others
against it, so as to furnish an air passage,
there be any tendency to heating. Stalks | p:
Temain well stooked in the field, until
‘wanted for feeding ont, than to be stored in large
stacks oF close mows, where they are certain to
goftr from heating or mould, or both combined.
7
portion of the farmer's year has passed away, Gok
of care in securing corn-fodder—if self-preserva-
tion will not compel the grower to give all the
required preparation, we are not aware of avy
“higher law” that will furnish essential aid in
enforcing the claims of those interested.
The potatoes are to be dug and housed the present
month, After all the care and labor devoted to this
crop during the months of development, it is to
be hoped that in the last duties connected there-
with, a laxity of watchfulness will not be permitted
tocreep iv. If the “rot” does not make its ap-
pearance, and opportunity is offered for gathering
under favorable circumstances, all things over
which the farmer has control should be properly
prepared. Every opening likely to admit frost
must beclosed. Jack is well known to bea ‘great
insinuator,” and if the most minute avenue is loft
unguarded, the cellar will soon give ample proof
of his visits.
Yoor after year the caution against standing
water upon the wheat fields is issued by the Agri-
cultural Press, ‘Hope deferged maketh the beart
sick ;” but we earnestly desire to see the day when
the thousands of miles of tile and other drains will
render unnecessary apy such word of counsel, in
our own State, at least. A special attention to
this matter will pay large dividends, and winter-
killed wheat would become almost s myth if drain-
ing received a tithe of what the system merits.
Amid all the calls that are made upon your time
and exertions, don’t let us hear any emanating
from the domicil of the porkers. There is neither
music nor poetry in such sounds, and, viewed in a
ore practical light, very little profit. Quiet is
iH essential to fatness, and who ever noted a sin-
gle instance of passivity in a half-starved speci-
men of the genus under consideration? We have
heard and read of “educated hogs’”’—and we have
seen a few—but not one was so thoroughly im-
bued with a disciplinary spirit as to resist the
clamorings of an empty stomach.
When all the peculiar demands of the season are
attended to and completed,—when the “ painted
month,” is numbered with the past,— when the
“bright colors in which everything green loves
to die,” have disappeared,— when a new year is
hidden along the boughs, and another summer is
nestled amid the falling leaves and fuded flowers,
what a glorious field of observation is opened to
the gaze of the ardent cultivator. Wait not for
the “days of great things,— the least of Nature's
children are deserving notice from the most tower-
ing intellect, and worthy theintensest study. ’Tis
the ‘vaulting ambition that o’er leaps itself,” and
he who waits for brilliant opportunities is the
drone in the great hive of humanity. The follow-
ing, which we extract from the London Gardener's
Chronicle, is to the point:— Mr. Nocxotns, at the
late meeting of the Farmers’ Club, said that the
power of observing and recording facts and phe-
nomena was a most valuable portion of a farmer's
education. He remembered that when he quitted
school, and was placed to learn his business, hia
master would, as opportunities occurred, pointout
particular trees, explain their distinctive charac-
teristics, the purposes to which the timber might
be applied, and make other observations, relative
to familiar objects, which he could not fail to
treasure up in his mind; and he believed that he
had acquired more information by these practical
means than he could have done by any amount of
mere theoretical teaching. He had two sisters,
who exerted a sort of double Queen Victoria power
over him, They were very clever, and were well
versed in chronology, from the days of Adam down
to the present time. In short, they knew every-
thing. On one occasion, the conversation happen-
ing to turn upon Henry the Eighth’s wives, be had
forgotten what was their number, and could only
recollect that he was brute enough to cut off the
heads of one or two of them. ‘Don’t you know
hew many wives he had? was the question. ‘No,
I don’t,’ he replied, ‘but do you see that little
bird?’ ‘Yes.’ ‘Do you know what itis?” The
young ladies confessed they did not. ‘That,’ he
rejoined, in triumph, ‘that is a hen chaflinch; and,
Ithink, my dears, you had better make the ac-
quaintance of tie.common things by which you
trouble yourselves about
CRUELTY TO
Messrs, Ens. :—In alate Rega>you quote from
Prominent veterinary surgeon, among other
things, that “all cutting of their tails’*i+“‘crael
and unn ” in the case of horned cattle, If
opinions of very may
onsidered and revised. M)
“4 to start the blood from the
my cattle every spring, and
oftener during the summer with ag show
Tough hair, or other evidences of a want of thrift.
This is done by a square dock, or by slitting,
much reduced. Ordinarily, it is probably
best to perform the operation early in the
day, when the animal is in cool blood, and
in seasons of the year when flies are not
over-abundant. The cruelty of the thing
is too trifling to mention. Still, if no
good follows the practice, it were better to
omit it. But upon this point, sometbing
more will be needed to satisfy my mind
than the dogmatic declaration of any one
writer, however distinguished. I have al-
ways supposed that it was @ preventive of
horn-ail; and as a remedy for the disease
when it was already seated, it has seemed
evident and marked, But according to Dr.
Dapp, it was all an illusion!
I have seen cattle in neighbors’ fields
with a hard, round roll or twist of hair in
the centre of the brush,—their tails having
never been cut,— and have ached to apply
the knife, so sure was I that it would afford
to the system a needed relief, and give
to the outer coat of the animals a gloss
that it probably lacked. I once purchased
a pair of oxen in the month of August.—
At the first glance, I saw that they were
not thriving very well, though they were
in good pasture. The eye was a little
heavy, and the hair was rough snd dull,
and lacked that gloss and appearance of
life which it ought to have. I saw, or
thought 1 did, the difficulty; and as soon
as the cattle were delivered, the knife was
used without stint, : the cattle turned
out. A few hours after, word came that
one of them was “bleeding to death,”
whereat the writer was not particu-
larly alarmed, It proved to be the ons
that most needed the operation, and there
were evidences that good deal of blood had
spilled. Nothing, however, was done to stop the
flow. In afew days there was a second shedding
of cost, the eye brightened, they grew and thrived
exceedingly, and in a few weeks the lively, well-
Jaid hair fairly glistened, and there was, and con-
tinued to be, all the evidences of perfect, vigorous,
abounding health. Nothing else was done for
them, no other sufficient cause could be assigned
for the change, and it will need more than the
dictum of the learned veterinarian to satisfy me
that the cutting was not called for and advanta-
geous. And this case, in its results, accords with
my almost uniform experience. we
Prattsburgh, N. Y., 1859.
———
B. P.
CORN SYRUP, *
Ens. Runan:—The agricultural publications of
1858 were sweet and welcome visitors, containing
a much larger proportion of saccharine substance
than is ordinarily afforded in tea and coffee. The
syrup-loviog boys and girls flattered themselves
there would be no more famine in the bread and
molasses department; and the good dames of the
north were jubilant with gratulations, expecting
to see no more wry faces in response to the sweet
hint that so often accompanies the morning cup
of coffee, “ My dear, we are nearly out of sugar.”
Sorghum was the hobby, and its riders promised
us an abundant supply through this novel agency.
But, alas! in 1859 we have to take our papers
without sweetening. Still they relish very well,
being full of the “staff of life,” with which we
are so amply supplied the present season, But
the boys want a little molasses with the bread, and
the good wife scrapes the sugar-bowl, hoping to
give a hint without a word, and avoid haying the
cream curdle in the coffee beneath the vinegar
scowl of the embarrassed husband. Under this
pressure of the times W. B. P. asks, “Sorghum,
where is it?”
I do not propose to answer this inquiry, os Iam
not one of the persons to whom it is addressed.
I can only say of my Sorghum, it has gone to the
worms, the frost, and the drouth.
This failure revived in my mind the memory of
the “Corn Molasses” excitement of 1848, which
constituted the sweetning of all the country papers
of that year, and then took its leave, without
imparting an item of its deliciousness to the buck-
wheat cakes. Hence, in the absence of Sorghum,
I determined to test the value of corn as a substi-
tute. I give your readers the result of my experi-
ments, which have been much more satisfactory
than I had anticipated.
My corn is about three-fourths the usual growth,
having been much retarded by drouth. When my
first experiment was made, one-half of the corn
was ripe enough for the crib. I then obtained, of
rup, in the proportion of eighteen gallons per
die, and of corn eighty bushels of ears, including
the Soft or unripe portion. The leaves, busks and
tops were carefully saved for fodder, I continued
my experiments weekly, and found, as I supposed
- _
PARCE’S IMPROVED HOISTING CRANE.
Tue above engraving represents an improved
Hoisting Crane recently patented by Mr. J. B.
Parcs, of this county. Messrs. D. B. DeLann &
Co., proprietors of the Fairport Chemical Works,
have one of these cranes in use in their extensive
establishment; it operates on any place inside of
a circle of forty feet in diameter, by which two
men can raise or lower and place in apy position
required any weight not exceeding 4,000 lbs., and
by the addition of another man or two, (or with
steam power,) five tuns can be handled in like
manner. It will pass a post or any obstruction
within ten feet of the centre, and can be thrust
through a doorway or window for the purpose of
loading or unloading freight from acart,&c, The
gentlemen above alluded to assure us that it can
perform more labor than eight men by any other
means known to them; and they consider it in-
valuable for iron foundries, ship yards, docks,
marble works, stone quarries, railroad freight
houses, ete.
The Crane is thus noticed by the Soientijic
American :—* The device for bracing the arm
against the twist, or torsion strain, will attract
the attention of such of our readers as take an
interest in mechanical contrivances. To the post,
A, which turns on pivots, the main arm, E, is
firmly fastened. By means of a hinged joint, the
outer arm, F, is connected with the main arm, 2;
the pin of this hinge is oval in form, and is firmly
fastened into the main arm, E, so that it cannot
turn, with its largest axis perpendicular to the
line of the arm. The jointed arm, F, turns about
this pin; the holes in F, through which the pin
passes, being round, and fitting the pin loosely.
The object of this arrangement is to hold the end
of the arm, F, up horizontally when it is turned
at right angles to the main arm, E. The rope, G,
passes between friction rollers, m, the axles of
which are vertical.”
The specifications describe the bracing device
as follows:—The main arm, E, is strengthened
by means of double dingonal braces, I, which ai
united by a stay, 7, which passes freely throug!
an aperture, S, in the arm, B, without touchin|
any part of the same, and the several arms, ¢ and
?’, are attached to the arm by means of bolts or
rivets, uu’ wv’ and wv”, as clearly represented in
Fig. 1; and all the arms, ¢/', are secured in the
resented in Fig, 2.”
* * “Tf the weight be brought into a position,
aa represented in dotted lines in Fig. 2, the strain
exerted by the same on the main arm, E, has a
tendency to twist the outer end of the same, #0 a8
to turn the bolt, wv’, out (Fig. 1,) and the bolt, u,
in; but any strain which has a tendency to twist
the outer end of the main arm, B, in this direction
is brought to bear on the bolts uw” and wu”, by
means of the arms, ¢ and /’, of the brace, I; and,
as the stay, r, passes freely through the aperture,
S,in the main arm, £, any little motion in the
braces, ¢ and ¢’, has no effect on the central part
of the arm.” The object of this bracing is to
allow the arm to be swang with less power than
would be required if it was allowed to twist; and
“‘that the strain exerted by the weight on the arm
may be brought to bear on that part of the same
where it joins the post.” If the bent arm twists
with a heavy weight at the end, in swinging the
arm out straight, we are obliged to raise the
weight, with a useless expenditure of power.
Messrs. DeLann & Pance, of Fairport, N. ¥.,
are the proprietors of this apparently very valua-
ble patent, and will cheerfally respond to any
+ inquiries in relation thereto.
stalk continually decreased as the corn ripened.
My last experiment was made after the corn was
fully ripe, and the yield of syrup was in the pro-
portion of eight gallons per acre. The mode of
cleansing, evaporation, &c., was the same as that
of the Sorghum, and those who have eaten of the
corn syrup pronounce it superior to the former.
The balance of my corn is now cut and in the
stook, and upon this J shall experiment still fur-
ther, in order to learn how long it may stand in
this situation without spoiling it for syrap. The
yield will, of course, be less than before. To grow
corn exclusively for sugar, the sets should be re-
moved when they appear. Bat it is a question
whether it will not pay better to connect the grain
and syrup product together.
These experiments prove that every rural dis-
trict can supply itself with sugar from the corn-
stalk, which is next to worthless for fodder, and is
8) trodden under foot, The expense of con-
vertin, to syrup is but a trifle more than that
of fitti for feed, by cutting, ke. True, the
yield per acre is not large, but sure.
when otherwise the brush of the tail will be too|I shorlld, the saccharine substance in the corn-!| The Editor of the Rurat, three or four years | much more so than wheat. But when
sal — - mee — --— — =
2? -
a a =
since, récommended his readers,
“never to employ others to do that
as well be done by their own hands.’
this suggestion has been worth, annually,
times the cost of that excellent paper. Would
not the adoption of the motto ot me of our
worthy fathers be equally hap) ts effect, ¥
“Never import or buy that which can as well be
produced or manufactured at home.” Let us test
Sorghum and corn, side by side, for # series of
years,—develop the merits of each, and manufac-
ture our own sugar, from one, the other, or both.
Menesha, Wis., 1659. PC
WHEAT OR WINTER BARLEY—
Eos, Rowan :—On this question ¥'
weeks since, the diverse eer of two Presidents
of Agricultural Societies, and without presuming
to “decide when high officials disagree,” permit
me to suggest that perhaps ot were right (a con-
clusion certainly Bai paler Ae PU
offi ity). Win
ves tage as extremely liable to winter-ki
|
centre to the stay, 7, by means of nuts, 0, a8 rep: |
eee f
|
seri
0. P. ;
i
BI
satisfactory to lovers of YZ
i
the winter it is midge proof,
bountifully, often, on good land, from forty to
fifty bushels per acre. Oa good, dry land, such
23 will produce twenty-five bushels of wheat per
ecre, you may expect forty or fifty of winter barley,
while on land which will produce fifteen ortwenty
bushels of wheat, you need expect only cight or
twelve of barley. Early sowing is also essential
to enable the burley to get good root before winter,
and so too is thorough drainage, ns if there is the
least excess of moisture the plant will surely
“heaye,” yeton dry land no crop pays better. I
think winter barley is merely spring barley, ac-
climated to endure our winters, as after mild
winters wheat on spring barley stubble will con-
tain heads of barley scattered through the sheaves.
On extremely good soil spring barley would an-
swer to sow in the fall, though I think winter
barley would be rather more hardy. Probably
winter barley will become more and more hardy
with repeated sowings—the farther it is removed
from the spring sorts.
In regard to the morality of the crop, about
which doubts are iptimated, I am not aware that
winter barley contains any more wickedoess,
pound for pound, than the spring sorts, besides
being, on our best land, much more productive,
and bringing five to ten cents more per bushel.
Henrietta, N. Y., 1859. W.J.F.
——_—__+e+
ON BREEDING HORSES IN WESTERN N. Y.
Eps. Rurat New-Yonkern:—An esteemed cor-
respondent and a regular subscriber deeply inter-
ested in the above subject, has kindly handed me
his file of your talented and highly pleasing paper,
and drawn my attention to an article in your im-
pression of July 23d, wherein Mr. Pansons, anxious
to improve the breed of horses in Onondaga Co.,
recommends larger and heavier horses to be used,
whilst in your editorial remarks in the same num-
ber, you remind the writer that small horses not-
withstanding briog high prices and are much in
demand, And your correspondent, in the impres-
sion of August 13th, under the signature of “ Ru-
ral Reader,” on the same subject, and apparently
anxious for further information, asks: ‘* What
kind of stallions crossed with the mares of West-
ern N. Y., will produce the fastest trotters, best
roadsters, most stylish and valuable carriage hors-
s, and most useful stage, cart, and farm horses?”
Difficult as this question may be to solve, in-
volving as it does in its sweeping grasp, the whole
of the mares ot present existing in Western New
York, large, small, and medium sized, and not-
withstanding all the varied opinions on the sub-
ject, I will obey the call of your correspondent,
and try to assist youin solving this knotty but
most interesting question,
Mr. P. recommends large horses, weighing 1,600
Ibs., while you remind us that small horses are
valuable; you are both apparently right, but asa
general rule you are both wrong. Mr. P.’s large
horse would produce too many leggy 17 banders,
neither useful nor ornamental, and yoursmail horse
indiscriminately used would fill the country with
weeds, I may say with your correspondent, I
have no axe to grind.” Both these horses would
no doubt produce some good ones, but they would
produce far too many bad, and leave you with a
very poor stock from which to breed in future.
I understand the object to be attained by your cor-
respondent's remark, it is this— What kind of
horse would you recommend us to use to all our
mares—great, small, and medium size, bad, good,
and indifferent —in order to produce the greatest
amount of valuable, useful horses, for all purpos-
es, saddle, harness, and draught, with the least
loss by wasters, (that is, overgrown useless ani-
mals, and undorsized weeds, equally worthless,)
leaving us at the same time with a goodly quanti-
ty of mares not deteriorated, from which we can
continue our breeding operations with success?
In order that I may be properly understood by
Your large circle of readers, to whom I am a stran-
ger, and may use terms (although correct) not in
common use by them, permit me to explain that,
by a Drought horse I mean a pure bred Clydesdale,
4 Suffolk, or a Northnmbrain; they are a}l of them
good. Ly Harness, I mean a pure Cleveland bay
carriage horse; and for Saddle a thorough-bred,
and I do not mean in this paper to speuk of any
other. Let me here state, however, for reasons
hereafter to be named, that on no account whatev-
er would I use a stud horse of a mixed breed, even
¥ he was the fastest trotter in creation, The borse
for your purpose must be pure, although neither
he, or his blood, ever trotted fast in their lives —
Imported Messenger, Trustee, Bashaw, &c., &c.,
Were not trotters, but they produced the best of
trotters, and so shall the horse I recommend if he
can be obtained and have a fuir trial, I speak from
years of practical experience, spent in producing
horses that could walk, trot, and gallop, as long
and as fast as any horses in this fast country.
We must infer that a large proportion of your
mares are not pure; hence the necessity of the
above observation, that on the male side I insist
upon purity, so that you can fall back and replace
it, and follow it up for any period, even to all time,
Where the mares are pure, the result will spoak
for itself; but where. the mixture of breeds exist
on the male side, no calculation can be made—the
produce may perchance be right, or it may take
after some great, gt. gt. grand, no knowing how
far back. Therefore, to begin we must have one
side pure blood, either saddle, harness, or draught;
the mares we presume are not all so, and therefore
to obtain, or attempt to obtain, the object asked
by our friend (Rural Reader) we must have purity
0 one side, and the male is preferable,
__ In order to show the necessity of puro blood in
the sire, and not only pure blood but perfection in
shape, T will use the Authority of an esteemea
8 and able Writer, Reorarp Ontox, M. D,, on
logy Of Breeding. The learned doctor
no uncertainty in nature's
* confers the external
while the female gives
rds, we reasonably cal-
offspring will bear the
tion and locomotive powerg of
e internal, (i. e.,) vital Organs or
stitution of the Now, if this observation
vist a ott a “: assist us in our object; if
co
@4
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
and yields pont | itis not, wo will of course letit slide. By way of
illustration, however, with your permission Pe!
will bring before your readers a few Physiological
facts bearing upon this important subject, to ena-
ble them to judge of the necessity for using pure
blood and superior form, such as I huve strenu-
ously recommended above, in the borse to be used
for Weatern N. Y., and from which so much is ex-
pected. 5
In the firstexample a mare pot to an ass will
produce a mule, with its head, ears, tail, mane,
legs and feet of the sire, or Jack, with the body
and constitution of the dam or mare; and vice
versa, put a pony to an ass, and the offspring will
be a binny, with all the externals of the pony and
the body and constitution of the ass. The former,
sired by the Jack, will bray; and the latter, sired
by the pony, willneigh. Mr. Tomas, of Haverford
West, in writing on this subject, says—‘‘In using
along eared boar and a short eared sow (two pure-
ly distinct breeds) the progeny will have the long
ears of the sire, or boar, improved by the fattening
qualities of the sow, and the produce from a short
eured boar and a long eared sow, will shorten the
ears and body of their produce, with a correspond-
ing loss of adaptation to fatten.”
The cross with a pure draught horse, and a sad-
dle or blood mare, will produce a fine, strong horse
with the form of the sire, and the game of the
mare, but at an awful saorijice of pace and lasting
qualities. The blood borse upon the draught mare
is a decided improvement; it is, in fact, implant-
ing blood upon strength; the form and locomotive
powers are improved, at an apparent loss of size
and strength, but this is not so much in reality as
itisin idea, the bones of the blood horse being
more dense, and stronger for their size than
draught, and the muscles and tendons are also
stronger in the same proportion. Experiments
similarly conducted with sheep prove the same
result. For instance, the Leicester ram with a
Chevoit ewe will produce more size, and asquarer
form, with longer wool—while the Cheviot ram
with the Leicester ewe, will deteriorate the Lieces-
ter, and only slightly improve the Cheviot, proy-
ing indisputably that blood and form must beused
on the male side, to guide us to a successful re-
sult.
This Jaw is not confined to animals alone; na-
ture dictates the same principles, and obeys the
same law as rigidly in the feathered tribes, Mr,
Ganvert, of Clithero’, bred from a Muscovy drake
and a common duck, the produce having the large
form and wild habits of the male, with improved
flesh of the common duck, while those hybrids
produced from the common drake and Muscovy
duck made little or no alteration in their form.
There is another rule in the Physiology of breed-
ing, so very remarkable, and at the same time so
well authenticated, that it cannot fail to prove in-
teresting. The female system imbibes other in-
fluences (than those already named) from the male,
which modify the future progeny of other males;
in almost all kinds of animals the effect has been
noted, and I now select a few which most suit our
purpose for illustration, Mr. McGittavoray ob-
Serves that, ‘in several foals in the Royal stud at
Hampton Court, by Acteon, there were unequivocal
marks of the horse Colonel, to whom the dams of
these foals had been put and bred from the preyvi-
ous season. Again, a colt belonging to the Earl
of Sheffield, by Laurel, so resembled the horse
Camel that it was not only thought, but boldly as-
serted at Newmarket that he must have been sired
by Camel. It was ascertained, however, that the
only relation the colt bore to Camel, was, that his
dam had been to Camel the year before.” ‘Prof,
Low affords us another instance, after remarking
that there is sometimes a difliculty in getting
thorough-bred mares to breed to blood, and in
order to induce them, a courser horse is used.—
The Professor adds, the effect never fails to be
Seen in the progeny, the courser characters of the
first male reappearing, however highly bred the
subsequent stallion may be.”
Hauuer and Becker both say that when a mare
has had a mule to anass, and thena foal to a horse,
the foal exhibits traces of the ass, a statement also
confirmed by Prof. Low. Many reasons are as-
signed for this phenomenon, but, to enter into
them, and explain how they come to pass, would
lead my already too long paper beyond the limits
of your columns. We will therefore try to solve
Rural Reader’s question, viz: what horse, under
all the circumstances will answer his question, us
given in the beginning of this article?
Now, Sir, if these gentlemen are correct in their
Physiological remarks, a3 to the male conferring
the external form and locomotive powers to the
offapring, and the female the constitution in the
first instance, and in the second that the malealso
has the power of influencing the female in respect
to her subsequent progeny begotten by another
horse,—I say if they are correct (and until wocan
prove they are not so,) we cannot be wrong in
choosing the male with the greatest possible care,
both es to blood and shape.
All well made horses from a good, sound stock,
with proper treatment will have their natural pa-
ces in perfection, (the walk, trot, and gallop,) in
which they will go os fast as any reasonablo man
wishes ; and they (I mean any of them,) oan read-
ily be taught to go faster, and do a mile in fewer
seconds than is absolutely necessary for any use-
ful purpose; and will also easily learn any ugly,
awkward style, fast or slow, the owner chooses,
and it may be called trotting—“ s rose by any other
name would smell as sweet”—but to accomplish
these things well (asa genoral rule) both blood
and shape are necessary, There aro plenty of
horses, with very fine names, that go fast, but they
have neither a natural pace or an elegant style;
they are fit for a butcher's cart, and their intense
yalue in the eye of a judge is—ni?,
Our object is to produce valuable, stylish, Fast,
and wieful horses from al? your mares, and the
draught horse will notdothis. “ We cannot make
a silk purse from a sow’s ear”—from draught we
cannot produce a saddle horse nor a first class for
harness; elacticity of limb, speed and clegance,
would be sacrificed on the shrine of size and
strength. With a short-legged Cleveland carriage
horse you will come much nearer perfection; you
will keep up your size and strength with more
speed and elegance, and leave you with the best
blood mares in the world for trotting, or any other
purpose but racing; from this stock you never can
compete with thorough blood.
To fill all the requirements of Rural Reader, I
fear there is only one horse, but there is one horse,
and from him you can (according to the quality of
the mare you use) produce every kind of horse
enumerated in your correspondent’s sweeping
question. This horse I would have thorough-bred,
so that from him you can produce racers, trotters,
saddle, harness, draught, and horses for every in-
termediate purpose; but to do this it is necessary
that he should be chosen with judgment—and that
is not, can he do 2.30?—but itis, can he walk well,
and sound, trot in due form, and gallop correctly ?
His limbs must be as strong as a wagon horse,
short, flat, and free, not tied in anywhere; his feet
good and sound, small head, wide nostrils, and
sloping shoulders; his neck long, but not toolong,
nor his crest too high, (I don’t like your peacock
horses, they are only for show, they are flat catch-
ers—more for ornament than use.) I would have
his body thick, muscular and strong, and his back
short, his blood as pure as flowed in the veins of
Eclipse, his height under 16 hands, his color a
bright blood bay, with jet black legs, and not only
without a blemish, but if possible without a fault,
I do not wish to be invidious, or speak ill of any
particular horse; neither do I wish to praise an-
other beyond his trae merit. I cannot, however,
resist remarking that I yesterday saw in a public
exhibition a horse 25 years old, with all, or nearly
all, the qualities I have enumerated, and upon in-
quiry I found that it was the celebrated race horse
Mango, imported to this country from England,
and now the property of Messrs. Baracate, of
Westchester, Co., N.Y. This horse won the St.
Leger at Doncaster in 1847; his raising qualities
and performances are of first class order, and if he
was 5 years old, instead of 25, I would say of all
the horses I have seen in this country he is the
nearest the animal I have described, and the most
likely to answer all the requirements of our friend
Rural Reader.
The only excuse I can make for the length I
have unfortunately run this article is the interest
I feel in the subject, a desire to be useful to your
readers in particular, a benefit to the human fami-
ty in general, and also to give you, Sir, an oppor-
tunity of becoming acquainted with
Yours, most respectfully,
September 24, 1859, Op Wine.
Rural Spirit of the Press.
Bones and Wheat,
Accorpine to Sir Robert Kane, the distin-
guished chemist, says the Scientific American, one
pound of bones contains the phosphoric acid of
twenty-eight pounds of wheat. A crop of wheat
of forty bushels per acre, and sixty pounds per
bushel, weighs 2,400 pounds, and this requires
about eighty-six pounds of bones to supply it with
that essential material. The usual supply of bone
dust (three to four ewt, per acre,) supply each of
the crops for four years with a sufliciciency of
phosphoric acid, which is given out as the bones
decompose. It may, therefore, be conceived what
would be tho effect of a double dressing of bones,
renewed each year from time to time, by adding
doses, all giving out the phosphoric acid by the
slowy process of decomposition,
Manuring Winter Wheat.
Pror, Camrneut says:—*Some farmers put
off the application of their stable and yard manure
to wheat until winter or spring. When this is
done, they are usually but poorly compensated for
their Isbor. Winter wheat has two periods of
growth; the first in autumn, and the second dur-
ing the following spring or summer. The vigorof
the crop in its second period, generally depends
very much upon the healthful development of
those parts of the roots which are natural to the
first or autumn period, If, then, manure is incor-
porated with the soil at the time of sowing, the
impulse given to the wheat plants in autumn is
almost certain to continue until the crop is ma-
tured—unless some p/iysical cause comes in to
prevent, such as drouth or the depredation of
insects, But when manure is spread upon fall
wheat in winter or spring, it comes too late. The
basis of a good crop is not there. As well might
you expect to make a great ox from a stinted calf,
as to make a good crop in such a case us this.”
Keeping Sweet Potatoes.
A whiter in the Oskaloosa Zerald gives his
method of preserving the sweet potato through
the winter. His way is as follows:—‘I use dry
sand to put them up in—it don’t matter how the
sand is dried, inakiln, ina log heap, or in the
sun, so it is dry, that is all that is required, 1
profer drying in alog heap, as it costs at least four
times less, and is just as good. Anda family that
has alittle room with a stoye in it, may keep a
box or two of eight or ten bushels, without much
inconvenience. The boxes must be raised six or
ejght inches from the floor, and they must not be
nearer than four inches to the wall. Full the box
with potatoes, and then put in sand, cover the
potatoes with sand, There is a good deal suid
about kiln-dried sand, but is all fudge. I bave
also known them kopt well in buckwheat chaff.
In order to keep potatoes with success, there must
be a thermometer keptin the room. The mercury
must not sink below 40°; if it does, the potatoes
will chill and rot; it also must not rise above 60’,
or they will grow. I have never lost any of my
potatoes only by letting the room get too cold, A
thermometer only costs a dollar, and every man
ought to have one.”
“Artesian Wells a Curse.”
So says the California Farmer, and without
agreeing with the opinion, we give an extract from
its article on the subject :
“We have made critical examination of the
result of this flooding the land, this profuse irriga-
tion, and not o solitary instance have we found
where we do not see a blight in some degree, and
it is rapidly increasing. We venture the assertion
that within two years many fine and flonrishing
garden spots will have become so diseased as to
literally die out. The system, a3 now practised,
is contrary to all principles of science, and we
hope most earnestly that the cultivators of that
great valley will communicate freely and fally
with us upon this subject, giving us all impor-
tant facts relating to artesian wells and their influ-
ence. We know this fact. The fruit raised by
the irrigation system is neither so high colored or
60 rich and juicy; and the trees that produce the
fruit look succulent in their brooches; they did
not ripen their wood well, and thus become Subject
to be destroyed by cold and frost. Trees and
Plants raised under this system, make long, nuked
‘tap roots,’ and consequently bear fruit upon the
extremities of the limbs.
“We ask coltivators to examine our Statements,
and they will find them so. We do not believe
there is # gardener, nurseryman or orchardist that
will not soon deplore the error be bas committed
in thus being led into this unnatural system. God
said ‘fountains shall spring up in the desert,’
across which in his own time he will ‘make ahigh-
way for our God,’ and then across the desert will
ere long be found for the coming thousands to our
land, the artesian well, and there they will be a
“blessing for man and beast;’ and here, too, they
would be a blessing, were it not for man’s uyarice,
Artesian wells, if here and there only, would be
well enough; but the system of irrigation should
only be in accordance with nature's plans; the
earth must not bedelaged; gentle showering over
the foliage at the evening hour to cleanse and
refresh, is always good, and that is about all that
is needed. But there is a great evil that will soon
be felt at Santa Clara; in fact is now felt. The
earth is parched up, and bitter and grievous com-
plaints come from all quarters, for it is found that
the evil is increasing. And yet, ‘men have eyes,
but they see not.’ All the surface water of the
entire county is drawn off by means of artesian
wells; drawn down to their channels, and then
sent up ogain in one stream instead of ten thon-
sand through all the pores of the surface earth, and
then carried off into the bay.”
Agricultural Miscellany.
Tur Stare Fare, at Albany this week, will probably
prove one of the best ever held by the Society, The
weather promises to be foe, and the Albany papers
say everything is ready on the Fair Grounds—tbat
nearly a thousand entries were made last week; the
buildings are all fitted up; many of tho beavy articles
have arrived, (including horses and cattle in droves;)
the moving power for the machinery is being arranged,
and every one to Whom official duties have been assign-
ed are at their posts. We hope the Fair will excel thoso
held in this city—the most successful ever made by the
Society—and if so, Rochester and Western New York
will “try again” the first opportunity.
Aa. Fains xext Werx.—The only Northern State
Fair to be held the coming week {s that of Connecticut
—at New Haven, Oct. 11-14. Though proyerbially the
“and of steady habits,” Conn, is becoming progressive,
agriculturally, and will make a creditable demonstra-
tion of the skill and industry of her producers, The
Tennessee State Fair takes placo at Nashville, Oct
10-15, The only County Fairs in this State, so far as
we learn, are—Seneca, at Waterloo, Oct. 12-14, and
Yates, Penn Yan, Oct. 12,13, Now York Union Fairs
—Brockport Union, at Brockport, and Palmyra Union,
at Palmyra, Oot. 11, 12—both spirited Societ(es, which
always have good exhibitions and aro largely attended.
Fairs are to be held at Hemlock Lake, Oct 18, 14, and
at Wyoming the 14th, which will, we believe, close the
exhibitions in this State for 1859,
Conn, &o,, Damacep ny Frost.~The frost which
occurred the middle of last month proved far more
injurious in some portions of this State than was report-
ed atthe time, Judging from what we saw and heard
in this vicinity, we suppesed and stated that the dam-
age was not materlal,—but subsequent observation in,
and reports from, many counties east of this, and
through Central New York, convince us that much
damage was caused, especially to corn and buckwheat,
Very little corn bad been cut up at tho time of the
frost, and perhaps not oyer half the crop was glazed or
out of danger; hence, there must be much soft corn,
while the stalks are badly injured for fodder. We fear
there will not be half an average crop of sound corn tu
many counties. Buckwheat is also badly injured in
some localities,
Ovonro Guarz Wive.—We are indebted to Mr. A,
Devenavs, of Clyde, N, Y., for asample of winemade
from the Oporto grape. Mr. D. ecnt usa sample last
winter, which we noticed faverably,—asking informa-
tion relative to the culture ef the grape, &e. In giving
his reply, our associate of the Horticultural department
mado some remarks relative to wine from Oporto grape,
pronouncing it altogether too sweet, &c. Itis proper
to state here—and the correction ought to have been
made earlier—that the remarks were intended to apply
toa sample of wine gent us from Seneca county, (and
sald (o be made from the Oporto grape,) and not to that
reocived from Mr, D. Our associate got things a little
mixed, though usually accurate, and hence this volun-
lary amende,
To Keer Oipen Swest.—In answer to an inquiry,
“How to keep Cider fresh and sweet,” in a late Roza,
Mr. N, Payne, of Auburn, says:—‘I will give you a
simple process, which has proved satisfactory to me.
Take Cider, pure and swoot from the press, Boll it
snfficiently to clarify as you would syrup to make
maple sugar, with eggs or milk. Skim thoroughly ;
when cold put it into sweet casks; bung tight. Aftera
few months tap and you will find it ‘fresh and sweet.”
If you wish some of it for festive occasions, O11 some
bottles when you rack off—put one raisin or dried grape
in each—tle the corks, and lay the bottles on their sides
in the cellar until wanted.”
Tne Oxy “Sprnir or THe Tites,”"—In response toza
request, it is but Just to state that our long-time ex-
change, the “Old” Spirit of the Times, is in no wise
involved in the controversy recently brought before the
public through “ Porter's Spirit” and “ Wilkes’ Spirit
of the Times”—a mistake not altogether unavaidable,
the names of the papers mentioned being nearly the
same, We are assured that ‘The ‘Old? Spirit,” as it
is familiarly termed by its friends aud subscribers, still
flourishes as the leading Journal of the Turf and the
Field, and that {ts subscription list was never larger
than at present, or its conductors more prosperous,
—______\|
Teatn Honsrs to Watx,— We have heretofore
spoken of fast walking as more desirable in horses for
general utility on the farm than fast trotting, and sng-
ested that Agricultural Societies offer premiums ac-
Sordingly, An exchange truthfully remarks that “o
plow-horse should, above all things, be a good walker.
The walking gait !s not cultivated enough in training
horses, Only consider what @ team that could walk four
miles an hour, for ten hours per day, conld do towards
hurrying through spring or fall work.”
RECENT AG) u
Tue Pa, State Fam—noar Phi
on thesame grounds where he Cae eee
few yoars ago-~was a decided «1 i. According to
the reports which have reaohed us the enuirios wore
numerous, and the exbibition fino, with a Jorge attend-
ance, Tho most prominent and AUractive festare of
the Fair was a trial of steam and hand fire onginos—
not very agricaltural—some forty fre COMpAniCs (in
cluding sixteon owning steam engines,) obtering tho
‘rena ef competition, The woathor was Propttious
during the weok. The premiums amounted to 95,000,
‘Tue Great St. Lovis Fatz.—Tho Pair of tho St
Louis Agricultural nod Mechanical Soclety, held Inst
week, proved a splendid affair, though the weather was
unfavorable @ portion of the time, The display of
Stock—expoolally of improved Horses and Uattio was
Jarge and superior, and the prizes are said to have been
fairly distributed among the various States represented,
Among the $1,000 premiums (of which several wero
offered,) we observe that one was awardod to Cnas. B.
Maok, of Lockport, N. Y., for the beat draught stsilion
—showing that Western New York was ahead in at
least one class, In consequence of the loclemency of
the weather on Thursday and Friday the progress of
the Falr was greatly retarded, and tho awarding of the
sweepstakes prizes postponed until this week,
Tre InprANA Stare Fain—at Now Albany, Sept,
26-29—Ia reported to have been an improvement upon
its predecessors, in many respects, and especially in
grounds and arrangements, The Indiana Farmer
says:—* The exhibition grounds are the most extensive
and best arranged we have ever seon anywhere, Tho
plat embraces some seventy-two acres, and is the prop-
erty of the Floyd County Agricultural Association,
which embraces in its territorial Jurisdiction several of
the adjoining counties, Tho grounds and tho improve-
ments on them cost about $20,000, Of this amount the
State Board has contribated $3,000, and tho remainder
has been made up by the Assoclation owning the
Property and by individual stook subscription.”
Mownor County Fate. —Our County Fair, last woek,
was worthy of the Society and locality. The exhibition
Was large and excellent in most departments—the dis-
play of Fruit, especially, being the largest aud best we
ever saw at a County Show. Tho,weather was most
fayorablo on the principal days—Thursday and Friday
—and the attendance large, with corresponding receipts
(some, $2,000.) The Indian Hap ay, on Thursday,
atiracted an immense audie the novelty proving
More magnetic, apparently, than the vory creditable
exhibition of Stock, Implements, Fruit, Domestic
Manufactures, &c. The address by Hon. J. 0. Putnam,
of Buffalo, was appropriate, instructive and eloquent
—delivered in tho best atyle, and well reocived by a
large and appreciative audience. We presume the list
of premium awards, cto., will be given in our local
county papers,
Exe Co, Fain.—We learn that this Fair, last weok,
was the most succcssfal ever held by the Society. Tho
attendance was large, the exhibition fine, and the re-
ceipts greatly exceeded those of the previous year,
The Buffalo Republic specially commends the dieplay
of implements, carriages, etc., made by Cuas. Rogers,
of Lancaster, and a new straw, stalk and root cutter
manofactured by J, M. Cuacnorn, of North Evans, It
adds that the annual address, delivered by Hon, A. B.
Dioxrxson, was decidedly agricultural, and both inter-
osting and instructive to the many practical farmers of
the audience.
Tie Wromtno Co, Farr—at Warsaw, last week—is
sald to have been very satisfactory. Tho address was
delivered by Honaos GResxey to a large concourse of
people. In proposing a vote of thanks, our friend
Msj. H. T. Brooxs gaye the orator proper credit for
punctuality in meeting his engagement—remarking
that Mr. G. had left New York almost immediately after
his arrival from California, without even kissing bia
wife, a duty which he hoped would be performed the
first conyenlent opportunity! The Mujor’s joko ts
better than the philosopher’s example as a husband.
Tie Onteans Co, Farn—at Albion Inat week, (ad-
Journed from previous week on account of bad weather)
—was unusually successful. The exhibtiion of stock,
particularly, is said to have been the best ever made in
the county, The attendance was large, and the receipts
snfficient to pay all expenses,— although the Fair was
held only one day, in consequence of the fatal bridge
accident at the rope-walking in the village, a perform-
ance, we are glad to say, having no connection whatey-
er with the Fair,
Tur CaNavA West ProvrxciaL Far—at Kingston,
Inst week—Is reported, by telegraph, to have been
largely successful, in both show and attendance. We
have no particulars,
Wueat Onor Arter Frost.—Dr. C, Mrntxe, of this
city, presented us with a handful of wheatas cut, and
aleo a sample threshed and cleaned, that was grown in
afield that had been considered entirely destroyed by
the hard frost of the Sth of June last Itis from the
farm of Joun Bier, of Gates, near this city. Mr, B.
had five acres of winter wheat so injured by the frost
on the 5th of June, that on the 10th he commenced cut-
ting it and curing for fodder. After cutting one acro
the press of work prevented any further progress until
the 20th, when the other four acres were treated in the
same way. Tho wheat on the first acre cut ecatup uew
leaves, formed heads, and was barvested on the 10th of
August, Just two months after the frst mowing, and
yielded 10 bushels of wheat, a specimen of which we
now have before us, The four acres cut on the 20th
yielded nothing, This fact it would be well to remem-
bor, should we be again visited with alate spring frost,
Wiser Barter.—In the Branch Co, (Mich.) Repub-
lican, Mr, Jas, CL1sneR, & prominent farmer, states that
Winter barley has been grown in that vicinity for the
Inst three years, and done well in every instance where
it had a chance—the general yield being from 20 to 24
bushels per acre, Mr, C, farther says:—* Judging from
what we bave seen of the grain, it is capable of yleld-
ing 80 bushels per acre, During the past season it bas
been raised by the side of spring barley and has pro-
duced four bushels to one of tho spring variety. Mr.
Amos Curve, of this place (Quincy,) has raised daring
the past season 60 bushels per acre on oat stubble once
plowed, or 180 bushels on three acres, and on Jand that
bas been cropped for eight years in succession. Wo
think it hns decided advantages over spring barley,
viz:—Ist, It may be sown after farmers get through
with thelr hurry In sowing winter wheat ad. It a
be harvested before wheat {a ripo. Sd. Ithas no ee
or false heads, 4th. It yields two to one, at Teast =
‘The insect will not hurt it im the fall, and 1 18 80 pe
that the weovil will not burt i, We are tn eae Fi
barley will prove a substitute for the wheat okey in
should be obliged to give up the cultivation
of the insects and weevil, which
ae SRC destruction in Michigan, This
Be seasiey anon be sown sometime between
ord of ai: aniber and the Ist of November, requir
fig Shoal feobusbeli of seed per acre, It will ss
ten days earlier than wheat, npc leaves the ground in
good condition for that grain.
‘MORTICULTUBAL:
FRUIT RECEIVED.
Wr: are indebted to numerous friends for very
fine collections of choice frvit, received within the
two past weeks. To Gronoe Beck, of Charlotte in
this county, for the largest specimens of the Clin-
fon that weeversaw. Mr. B. says:—‘I wish you
would compare these with an engraving you gave
in the Rurac in 1857, and see whether you do not
think thet engraving fur below these specimens;
and if so, please select the best bunch, if you know
of none better, and give usa fair illustration. I
think we should at least do justice to our old
varieties, when there is so much boasting over
everything that is new in the form of a grape.
From what I have seen lately of the Clinton grape,
among different cultivators, I am led to suppose
that I am for in advance of most of them in culti-
vating thia grape, for which reason I present you
with these.” The engraving we gave is a fair
specimen of the Clinton as commonly grown; the
berries and bunches of Mr. B.'s are twice the size
of the plate.
To Cuanves Down1No, Esq., of Newburgh, for a
dozen bunches of the Delaware grapes, of good
size and excellent quality. Mr. D. says :—‘ Those
Isend are about the average size—the largest]
have reserved for the N. Y. Horticultural Society.
There has been no extra cultivation with the vine,
not even trenched, but spaded 16 or 16 inches deep,
and made about a4 rich a8 you would a bed for
beets. Fruit is very scarce bere, and I have noth-
ing else worth sending.”
To Jonx Boonxixe, of Dundas, C, W., for one
variety of apples and one of pears. The apples
were the Black Detroit, sometimes called Black
Canoda. The pears were too far gone to judge of
name or quality.
To Dr. ©. W. Grant, for the finest lot of Dela-
ware grapes that we bave ever seen—the bunches
and berries were very large for this variety.
To Mr. Brocksnank, of Hudson, N. Y., for superb
Rebecca grapes. The Rebecca is the highest
flavored of all our new grapes, even excelling the
Delaware, which is next in quality. The leaves,
however, and particularly the lower ones, become
injured by the sun, most cultivators think, drop
off, or remain half dead, thus retarding the growth
of the vine. While, therefore, we would not rec-
ommend the planting of this variety largely, we
do recommend all amateurs to get a good vine,
and to plant it in some sheltered locality, a8 on
the cast or south side of a building. On a build-
ing belonging to Messrs. Exvwanoen & Barry,
few days since, we saw a vine sheltered in this
way that bas made a fine growth the present
season, several canes being twelve or fourteen feet
Jong, and the vino in apparent good health. Next
season, we doubt not, it will given good crop. It
scemsa to us the injury to the lenf is caused by cold
winds.
To Wx. Towrxins, of Germantown, N. Y., for
Concord, Diana, Brinckle, Isabella and Catawba
grapes,—all fine and wellripened. Of the Brinckle
wespeok elsewhere, Mr. T. says:— The Catawba
is the only variety that has been injured by the
rt, In 1854 I introduced dwarf pears in this
place; sold some and planted some myself, which
have done first rate, many of them having made a
good growth and produced a heavy crop of pears
atthe sametime. I bave trees of the Louise Bonne
de Jersey that have made five feet of wood the
presentsenson, Duchessed’ Angovleme, Buffum,
Vicar of Winkfield and Brandywine do equally
well. My soil is a strong loam, well drained, and
well adapted to the Quince.”
To Joun G. Wiitrams, for apples, called the
Baird Apple around Deerfield and otber places in
Massachusetts, which prored to be the Rambo.
To D. Down, of North Huron, N. Y., for a box
of large, highly colored apples, which on opening
the box, we supposed to be Twenty Once, but
which Mr. D. says is “believed to be a seedling
which originated with me. The samples sent are
average size, picked from a single bough, without
moving from my position. The tree is a free
grower, largoandspreading; bears regularly every
Year, and has been in bearing over twenty years,
The fruit is much admired in this neighborhood,
and for some few years past scions have been
eagerly sought for, The quality of the fruit you
will be able to test from the specimens sent. One
yaluable peculiarity of this variety is that they are
in use for culinary purposes about the 20th of
Angust, and continue to ripen and fall off until
Sometimein October, thus supplying a family with
the best kind of an apple more than two months. I
have had much larger apples than. these sent—
some fifteen inches in circumference, but these
being of the ordinary size, will furnish a correct
idea of the average size, Sliced, they will cook
soft in four minutes.”
=o
Pivg-Arrie Sgvasn.—I want to tender my
ey hea Sali le to the man who an-
swered the inquiry about the Pine-A je Squash.
Tam well acquainted with the ei the per-
son who named it, brought it into notice and
distributed the seed—bave tested it thoroughly for
summer and winter, and ventured to label them
“Equally good for Summer or Winter.” The
matured specimens will keep in ® good, dry cellar
all winter, and will be found an excellent substi-
tute for sweet potatoes. By cutting the squash in
sections longitudinally, as marked out by Dame
Nature, and a very little trimming of the sharp
corners, you may practice @ little deception upon
Your guests, entirely harmless as far as regards
their palates and stomachs; and for pumpkin pies
no hae can excel it.
wecall a perfect specimen, is pine-apple
shaped, skin Yery smooth, and a beautiful cream
color. Some, however, are more like a stick of
stove wood in shape, but in matter and substance
the same. I. W. Barces.
Macedon, N. ¥., Sept, 1889,
We present our readers
with a drawing of the Brinckle
Grape, taken from @ banch
seat us by Wm. Taoxursox, of
Germantown, Colambia Co.,
N.Y. The Brincklewas grown
from seed obtained from Ger-
many, by Mr. Raanz, of Phils-
delphia, and its character
shows its foreign origin. The
boneh is long, berries set quite
thick, are thio ekinoed, with
little or no pulp, and of fine
quality. After taking the
drawing we placed the bunch
on exhibition at the meeting of
the Fruit Growers of Western
New York, intending, with the
Fruit Committee of that So-
ciety, to test its quality, but
before either bad an opportu-
nity to examine it, all was
gone but the stem and label.
Mr. Tuowrsox says:
“As I never bave seen o
drawing of the Drinckle prape
in your paper, or elsewhere,
permit me to suggest that you
will much oblige the writer
and fruit growers generally,
by inserting it in the Rurax.
The specimen that I send is
the first that my vine has
borne; the fruit will, no doubt,
improve in size and flavor
when it becomes older. The
vine is a good strong grower,
and holds its ample foliage till
quite late in the fall, and the
fruit commences to color about
the 14th of August, I do not
send this by way of an adyver-
tisement, as I bave no vines
for sale—my only object being
to call the attention of the pub-
lic to this fine variety, which I
think bas been too much neg-
lected. We have had no frost
to injure the grape here up to
this date, (Sept. 20th.) Ihave
a good crop of grapes in my
vineyard this season, and they
are nearly ripe enough to send
to market,”
We saw this grape only once
before, and we know of no one
who has bad experience with
it 80 as to express a well-
founded opinion as to its adap-
tation to our climate, In 1856
and in 1858, it was brought
before the American Pomo-
logical Society, and no one
could give much information
in regard to it, Dr. Barxcnre
stated that it did not suffer in the least from the winters in Philadelphia. The vine, Mr. Toomeson
says, makes a strong growth, and holds its foliage well, and does not mildew, but many of the foreign
varieties will give one or two fair crops in the open air,
FINE MUSKMELONS,—EXCHANGE OF SEEDS.
Aviow me to make a suggestion that may be of
great value to some of your subscribers. All are
anxious to procure choice seeds, and many would
be glad to exchangethem forothers. Cannot some
plan be devised which will facilitate such a move-
ment. By way of beginning, I have raised this
year some very delicious melons, (new varieties,)
from seed sent me by Jonn Siu, Esq., of Albany,
and have sayed seed from all the perfect ones,
which I will send to any subscriber who will send
me his address—enough to enable him to enjoy
them also. My mode of planting is to dig the
ground first and, after raking, dig holes four feet
apart, fill with fresh horse dung, cover with earth,
and plant the seeds, This makes a hot-bed under
each plant, which grows rapidly, and soon draws
nourishment from the manure. My melons ripen
early, bear abundantly, and pay well for the
trouble. One of the sorts is nearly white outside,
and rich green inside, which I call the John Sill
Melon. Another is dark green skin and bright
orange flesh. Both are super-excellent.
Mortonyille, Orange Co.,N.Y. W.A. Woopwaup,
eo —___.
Monroe County Farn— Horticultural Depart-
ment.— Never have we seen so fine a show of fruit
and vegetables at any County Fair, as was exhib-
ited at the Monroe County Fair, held last week.—
Over one thousand plates of apples and pears were
on the tables, besides about one hundred of grapes
and quinces. The fruit was fair, without a speck,
large and fine every way, and we never beheld a
finer exhibition, particularly of apples. Fruit-
growing is fast becoming a leading business with
the farmers in this part of Western New York.—
‘Thousands of barrels of apples are every day leay-
ing this city for the Eastern market; and several
thousand barrels of pears have already been
shipped, while our market is fully supplied with
the choicest varieties. The exhibition of flowers
was good. Messrs. Exuwancer & Barry and A.
Frost & Co , made the best displays, though several
amateurs made very creditable exhibitions.
Cuear Postace ror Horricurrvnists ann Acri-
cuLruaists.—I am very glad to see the subject of
cheap postage commented upon in Tux Parer so
extensively circulated among that class of our citi-
zens who are most interested in this proposed
reform. I am informed by s correspondent in
Canada that they have what is called the “ Parcel
Fost,” by which a parcel under four pounds’ weight
is carried to any part of the Provinces for 25 cents.
If this is so, we are a little behind the age of
Answer in two weeks. W. A, Garry,
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
PROBLEM.
If two bodies start together from the extremity of the
diameter of a circle, the one movingalong the tangent
atthe rate of 10 feet per second, and the other in the
circumference, with a variable velocity so a8 to be al-
ways in the straight line joining the first body with the
centre of the circle, whatis its velocity when passing
the forty-fifth degree from the staring polnt—the
diameter of the circle being 50 feet?
Bennetsburg, N. Y., 1859. H. D, Downey.
(2@~ Answer in two weeks.
For Moore's Rural New-¥orker.
CHARADE.
My first is applied to a girl,
When she bas entered ber teens;
My second js feared by children emall,
And yet has always been ;
My third is part of a word,
Often a predx tolink ;
My fourth we are none of us fond, I ween,
‘My whole isa
Semprontus, N. Y., 1359,
{cy Answer in two weeks,
ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS, &c., IN No. 507,
Answer to Miscellaneous Enigma:—William Hick-
ling Prescott.
Answer to Problem:—Three Cakes, Diameter of
Dipper, 14 27-100 inches, plus. Fraction unoccupied,
86-100 plus. .
NEw
Advertisements.
REAT CURITOSITY-.-
We haye one of the Greatest Curiosities and
MOST VALUABLE INVENTIONS
In the known world, for which we want Agents everywhere.
ull particul y
iUrAisow “SHAW & OLARK, Biddeford, Maine,
woRcEsTER’s
PIANOFORTE MANUFACTORY & WAREROOMS,
Corner Fourteenth Street & Third Avenue,
A WORCESTER offers for sale a large assortment of
cl
PIANO FORTES,
from 6 to 74 octaves, in elegant rosewood cases,
which ae mAniiTaalined) under his own supervision,
are for sale op reasonable terms.
By devoling his personal attention to the touch and tong
of bis instruments; which haye hitherto been considers!
Honyalen. he wil conenyar ie muaintaio theles aie
reputation, and respectfally roliclts amination
the profession, amateurs, and the public. 507-7teow
ANNIBAL AND ST.
600.000 sSi ae tiinoa LANDS, Yor Sate on
Long Credit and at Low Rates of L
These Lan
the Road,
‘os {a needed to Introduce the pupil from the study of Arith-
rh.
ROBINSON'S UNIVERSITY ALGEBRA
Ss too well known to need any commendation,
the Kind has ever been so favorably received angen gerber
slastically admired astuis. Itis a book Allied with gems,
Rosinson’s Geomerry, SURVRYING, ANALYTICAL GnowR
TRY, CALCULUS, ELEMENTARY ASTRONOMY, UNIVENSITY AS-
TRONOMY, AND MaTHEMATICAL OPERATIONS, Are all works of
decided merit,
Single copies of the following booka will be sent pre-palad
to those deatelng to examine them with reference to thelr
introduction, on recelpt of the annexed prices, in stamps,
or money:
Ropinson's NEW ELRMENTARY ALGEBRA
Ropixson's UNIVERSITY ALGEBRA...
SANDER’S PROGRESSIVE READERS,
THE CHEAPEST AND BEST BOOKS IN MARKET,
contaaing the greatest average amount of matter, at the
bapesd ice, belog In some instances from 25 to 50 per cent,
Delow that of competing books of the same grade,
The circulation of these Reapsns has increased 33 per
cent, during the past year, and is now about
ONE MILLION OF COPIES A YEARI
To this series bas just been added
SANDER’S ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH WORDS,
a book that should be used in the advanced classes of all
our schools. Price, 60 cents,
Weits' NavoraL Parosopny, aNo Wests’ Onmustay,
are works of great merit, and have been receive’ with very
general and enthusiastic favor byteachers. Price, #1 each.
Singlé copies of such books os are used In clases, and
belonging to the AmenIcAN EnuoATIONAL Senses, will be
sent pre-paid to Teachers, at half price, for examination
with reference to introduction. Spectaly favorableterms
given for first introduction,
A New Descriptive CaTaLoaue, containing 160 pages, with
full descriptions, terms, notices and. commendations of
teachers, &,, of all their pub'ications, will be gent Lo any
address, upon application to the Publishers,
IVISON & PHINNEY, Publishers,
48 and 50 Walker street, New York.
D, W. Fist, Rochester, N. ¥., General Agent for Intro-
duction, y BOT-2Leow
UANO !—The superiority of Phosphatle over Ammo-
niacal fertilizers, in restoring fertility to worn-out
lands, 1s now well understood. The subscribers call the
attention of Farmers to the Swan IsLanD GUANO, which for
richness in ProsPHATES and ORGANIC matter, and Ite soLo-
BILITY, if UNSURPASSED.
For sale at 830 per ton of 2,000 tts, and liberal discount
will be made by the cargo,
Olrculars, with directions for use, may be had on applica-
tion at our office. FOSPER & STEPHENSON
65 Beaver Street, New York,
494-13teow Agents for The Aulantic and Pacific Guano Co,
MANN Y’S COMBINED
RBEAPDR AND MOWER,
WITH WOOD'S IMPROVEMENT, '
For the Harvest of 1868.
‘The subscriber bes to Inform the public that he continues
to manvfacture this popular machine, and pledges himself to
Foduce an mplement'that wil fully éustain its former repy-
fition, au the best combined machine yet Introduced. and
inferior to none, either aa a Reaper or Mower.
Tt has had asteady and increasing popularity from the fire,
achieving a complete success in the Important trial ab
Geneva in 1852, It carried off the hizhest honorsut the ereat
National Field ‘Trial at Syracuse In 1857; and amidst all the
competition and trials of 1854 came outwith more and better
tat ed points of excellence than ever before.
The general principles peculiar to this ae and apon
which It ls constructed, have proved so su: that there
has been no attempt to change them.
The main effort during the last year has been to improve
{te mecbanlca} construction, to make it stronger and more
durable, and sustain its reputation as the le: 2 and most
acceptable machine t the largest class of farmers In the
country.
‘Warranted capable of gaitiog from 10 to 15 acres of grass
or grain per day, in a workmanlike manner.
Price of Machine as herctofore, varies according to width
of cut, and its adaptation in size and strength to different
a 9125 to #150, deli: ‘db
sections of the country, from a5 No, $100) WOO! here ob
1D,
he cary snufacturer and Proprietor, Hoosick Valls. NY.
BENNETT GRAY, Brockport,
WM. HENRY HARMON, Scottsville,
9-00 Agents for Monroe County, N. ¥.
oop’s MOwWwWHBR.—
Patenteé February 224, 1859.
During the six years I have been engaged in the manufas-
fore of the Manny Combined Reaper and Mower, I have
lven much thoughtand attention to the construction of what
foresaw would be agreat want of the Parmers—a Ughter
and cheaper mackine expressly for mowlng, than wet
been made.
‘And now, after the most thorough and repeated expert.
ments and tests in every variety of field, and in all kinds and
in every condition of grass, I am prepared, with entire conf.-
dence, to offer to the farmers and dealers of the United
Btates, the great desideratum in this department of Agricul-
tural labor.saving machines—a Mower, superior In Its capac-
ity for good work to any bitherta Introduced. of esay dr
ep, and durable.
lati\smachine Tow olfer as my latest invention, to meet a
special want of farmers, and to place within the reach of
a'Mower that for practical working, cheapness and elmpltel
will be without a rival.
) "ull Two-Horse and One-Horse Mowers. The Two-
Horse Mower welzhs 425 hs., and cuts a swath .our leet wide
(or morelf specially ordered.) The One-Horss Mower welghs
aad Ra,) and cuta aswath three and ahalf feet
id
e,
r Amore full description of the Mo ver, re erence !smade
ray Pad which will be furnished on application. —
ine will be Riraaned two extra guards, two
080
Delivered ne neHorse Mower: 270
\vered here on the cars,
Toontinue aa heretofore, and with greater success | than at
any previous time, the manufacture and ale of “Manny's
Patent Combined Reaper and Mower with Wor Improve
ment” L \ y
racturer and Proprietor, Hoosick Falls, N. ¥.
PEASE f EUGLESFON, #4 diate Bk, Albany, Akents for
Albany County and vicinity.
BENNETT GRAY, Brockport,
HEN! MON, Scottsville,
ou BY HARM als for Monroe County, Ni Y.
—————
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
THE LARGEST CIRCULATED
Agricultural, Literary and Family Weekly,
IS PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY
BY D. D. T. MOORE, ROCHESTER, N. Y.
Ofico, Union Buildings, Opposite tho Court Mouse, Buffalo St.
TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
Two Dollars a Year—8) for six months, To Clods
and Agents as follows :—Three Coples one year, for #5* Six,
and one free to club agent, for #10; Ten, and one free, for
$15; Sixteen, and one free, for #22; Twenty, and one fee,
for #23; Thirty-two, and two free, for #0, (or Thirty for
#57,50,) and any greater number at same ale — only 4
per copy—with an extra copy for every Ten Subse! nee
over Thirty, lub papers sent to diiferent Post-ollices, If de
aired. As we pre-pay American postage 0 PApCrs ees to
the British Provinces, our Canadian agents and friends must
add 19}4 cents per copy to the club ratea of the RonsL—
Tirguaiea couaty
ough @ coun’
Ba teh aga uae id
of it, rendering the 1
ther district of our country,
rane anal, ato command i abLowBatenct, Frelght
‘or south
and
HUNT,
eran ommissioner Hannibal and St, Joseph Rallroad,
606-18t Hannibal, Mo,
ee ee es
1T A HUMBUG.—Wanted, one or more Young Men
Nw each State to travel, to whom will be pald #30 to #75
nth, and expenses. For particulars, address with
Riimp, M. B. ALLEN & CO. Plaistow, N. He BOLI
s,, ls only @2,-
The lowest price of coples seat to Europe, &eo., is only 92).
‘as ding re.
Cea a ee rent Five Cents a Line, each inser-
ton, payable in advance. Our rule Is to give no advertise-
ment, unless very brief, more than slx to elght consecutive
Hons. Patent Medicines ‘&o., are not advertised in
conditions.
Pe toittes of rm Rorat fs only 34¢ cents per quarter
to art of this State, ‘and 6) cents to any other State, if
paid quarterly in advance at the postoflice where recelved.
Is ordering the RORAL please send us tho best money
conveniently obtainable, and do sot forget to elve your full
tddress—the name of Post-Ofllce, and also State, de.
Nos “aot
Ey
AGRICULTURE]
TWO DOLLARS A YEAR)
“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.”
(SINGLE NO. FOUR CENTS.
VOL. X. NO. 42.5
ROCHESTER, N. Y,—FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, OCTOBER 15, 1859.
{WHOLE NO. 510.
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
AM ORIGINAL WEEKLY
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE,
With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors.
Tae Rona New-Yoreer {s designed to be unsurpassed
in Value, Purity, Usefulness and Varlety of Contents, and
unique and beautiful in Appearance. Its Conductor deyotes
his personal attention to the supervision of its various de-
partments, and earnestly labors to render the Rurat an
eminently Reliable Guide on all the important Practical,
Sclentific and other Subjects intimately connected with the
business of those whose interests it zealously advocates.—
It embraces more Agricultural, Horticultural, Scientific,
Edocatlonal, Literary and News Matter, interspersed with
appropriate and beautiful Engravings, than any other jour-
nal,—renderlog it the most complete AcricuntoraL, Lrr-
ERARY AND Pasty Newsrarar in America,
27- All communications, and business letters, should be
addressed to D. D. T. MOORE, Rochester, N, Y.
For Tras and other particul sce last page,
MENTAL IMPROVEMENT.—TIMELY HINTS.
Tre season of almost unceasing physical toil on
the part of soil culturists is again drawing to a
close, and that of recreation and mental improve-
ment rapidly approaching. The long evenings
and leisure of Winter are coming on apace—and
for nearly six months the great mass of American
Ruralists will have a comparative vacation from the
arduous labors of their occupation. As we haye,
at appropriate periods, offered suggestions rela-
tive to the labors of seeding, cultivating and
harvesting soil crops, we may now be permitted
to present a few thoughts touching the mental
improvement of those who have become physi-
cally strong by the manly and noble exercise
required to secure success in the culture and
management of Garden, Orchard and Field.
“Tmprove the Soil and the Mind” is a wise
maxim, and one worthy of far more consideration
and action than it receives from the upper (or,
rather, Zower,) ten hundred thousand of American
Agriculturists. In regard to mental improve-
ment, as in other matters, it may truly be said,
and sung, of them that
“They know the right, and they approve it too,
Condemn the wrong, and still the wrong pursue.”
The Rural Population of this country has more
leisure than any other laboring class—especially
during the (in the North) long season of Nature’s
hibernation—and its members ought to possess
as much intelligence and mental cultivation as
those of other occupations. Indeed, our idea of a
true farmer—the farmer for the present age—is
that he should be as truly a member of the
“learned professions” as any lawyer, physician
or divine; and the time is not distant when the
intelligent cultivator of the soil will be entitled
to such rank and dignity. Ere that time, how-
ever, the farmer’s son must have and embrace the
opportunity to study his profession and the Natu-
ral Sciences in the Common School, the Academy
and the Agricultural College, Meantime, let us
Suggest what may be accomplished by Ruralists
distant from, or in conjunction with, these insti-
tutions of learning—what may be done during
the coming season of comparative leisure.
. Inthe first place, the farmer, and every member
of his family who has arrived at proper age,
should devote more time than is now given to
reading, study and thought upon useful subjects—
moral, practical and scientific—subjects a knowl-
edge of which enables the possessor to think,
labor and act aright. We hold that the farmer
should be a reading, thinking, educated man, and
thoroughly informed, not only in regard to his
own occupation, but as to what is transpiring
throughout the world. And all this he can be
by devoting a little time to reading and study.
Every farmer should possess books and journals
devoted to Agriculture and kindred subjects, and
read, study and criticise them with earnestness.
As winter approaches the wise farmer will annu-
ally make additions of such books and periodicals
88 are best calculated to correctly advise and
instruct himself and the various members of his
family, and seo that the investment is properly
appreciated, so that it will ere long return good
dividends. And he will be as careful rovide
Proper mental food for his wife, sons and daugh-
ters, as for himsclf—thus manifesting wisdom of
; head, kindness of heart, and the foresight of a
true educator, His centre table and library
shelves will be covered with books and journals
which discuss practical, scientific, historical,
moral and timely topics—while those of a light,
superficial or trashy character are either entirely
ignored or extremely rare. Regarding the prin-
ciples, training and mental discipline and improye-
ment of his children of paramount importance—
of greater consequence than the amount of money
or number of acres they may possess on arriving
at majority, or inherit at the time of his decease—
he adopts such home measures that both the heads
ond hearts of his sons and daughters may be
properly directed and educated, Is not his exam-
ple suggestive to thousands of parents who read
the Runa. New-Yorker, and worthy of emulation
at ihe present season?
But, aside from the sources of individual and
family improvement at home, there are other im-
portant means which can and should be rendered
nyailable in augmenting the knowledge and men-
tol culture of the farmer. In many sections of
Rural America —and especially in thickly popu-
lated districts—we are rejoiced to know that
Farmers’ Clubs, and similar associations designed
for the mutual instruction of their members and
“to improve the soil and the mind” (more prop-
erly the mind and the soil,) are in successful
operation. These are proving of great benefit to
members and community—becoming popular, and
annually increasing in numbers and usefulness,
Every town or neighborhood embracing a dozen
farmers may and ought to have some such organ-
ization, holding frequent meetings,— especially
suring winter, forlectores, discussions, the reading
of essays, etc.,—say weekly or fortnightly. This
would not only enable young men, and even the
middle aged, to require much valuable informa-
tion, but prove an excellent school to train mem-
bers in speaking, compesition, &c.,—matters sadly
neglected by the great mass of our population.
For example, the writing of an essay on any spe-
cified subject—practical, scientific or historical—
necessarily involves thought and investigation, so
that the essayist not only acquires valuable infor-
mation but also disciplines his mind in properly
imparting it to others. The discussions would
prove of decided benefit to participants, the
practice of speaking enabling them to acquire con-
fidence and fluency in expressing their views pub-
licly. Why is it that each one of a company of six
to twenty or more farmers, when seated, can talk
readily and sensibly on any subject with which
they are familiar—yet, when organized in a meet-
ing, and it becomes necessary to rise and address
the chairman or president, not one of them can
speak calmly or to the point on the same subject?
The reason is too obvious to be stated—the habit
of talking informally, and the lack of practice in
speaking otherwise, being the correct solution.
—There are other matters connected with this
subject worthy of notice, but we have suggested
enough, it is hoped, to induce thought and action
in the right direction,
RINGBONE, CAUSES, TREATMENT, &c,
Eps. Rugzat New-Yorxer:—I own what would be
& very valuable young horae, but for a ringbone be-
tween the hoof and lower joint Gan you, or some of
your numerous correspondents, find an effectual reme-
dy For such I would be willing to make handsome
compensation.—S, H. Kerne.e, Cornwall, Vt.
Sone very strange idens are entertained con-
cerning the nature of ringbone, and when we give
utterance to our own convictions, by stating that
a clearly established case is incwrable, we are aware
that such expression is in contact with the opinions
held by yery many sound, practical, thinking men.
Past volumes of the Runax have contained scores
of “cures,” so-called, and though we may appear
to join issue with those who haye furnished these
recipes, we are in readiness to receive more light
upon the subject, and shall be happy to chronicle
experiences, no matter how widely they diverge
from our own views, This is the true mode to
elicit such information as will prove of value not
| only to horsemen but to the entire community.
Ringbone is a bony tumor—erostosis—its situa-
tion is on orin the vicinity of the pastern bones,
and the end is generally anchylosis of the pastern
joint. Toa proper consideration of this disease a
knowledge of the construction of the pasterns is
essential, and we give an illustration from “ Youatt
on the Horse."
The upper ern receives the lower pulley-like
head of the shank bone, and forms a hinge-joint
admitting only of bending and extension, but not
of side motion; it likewise forms a joint with the
Sessamoid-bones. Its lower head has two rounded
protuberances, which are received into correspon-
ding depressions in the lower pasterns. Oneither
side, above the Pastern-joint, are roughened pro-
jections for the attachment of very strong liga-
ments, both in capsular ligaments, and many cross
ligaments, which render the joints between the
two pasterns sufficiently secure.
[A. The sessamoid bone, JZ.
Upper pastern. (. Lower pas-
tern. JD. Navicular bone. 2.
Coffin bone.]
The ower pasternis a short and
thick bone, with its larger head
downward. Its upper head has
two depressions to receive the
protuberances on the lower head
of the upper bone, bearing some
resemblance to a pulley, but not
so decidedly as the lower head of
the shank-bone, Its lower head
resembles that of the other pas-
tern, and bas also two prominen-
ces, somewhat resembling a pul-
ley, by which it forms a joint with the coflin-bone,
and a depression in front, corresponding with a
projection in the coffin-bone. There are also two
slight depressions behind, receiving eminences of
the navicular bone.
In the case mentioned by our correspondent, the
ringbone lies ‘between the hoof and lower joint.”
The bony deposit, we should
infer, is on the lower pastern,
>) and is recognized by aslight
enlargement, or bony tumor
just above the coronet. The
annexed illustration, (see a)
gives the appearance when
firs( distinguishable upon the
——™ +* the pastern, aboye the
joint, and where there is 4 prominence of bone,
The causes, according to the best writers, are
three, “hereditary, structural, and incidental,”—
This is the view held by that oft-quoted writer up-
on the horse—Perciyatt—and it is sustained by
the observations of practical veterinarians. Soiy-
SELL remarks:—‘ Ringbone is sometimes heredi-
tary; though itis usually occasioned by a strain
taken in curvetting, bounding turns, violent gal-
loping or racing.” The latter author ascribes the
“exciting causes” to any acts or efforts of speed
or strength productive of concussion to the pastern
bones. He also thinks that blows may produce it,
although ‘the bones of the pasterns are unlikely
parts to be struck.”
There are ¢wo modes of treatment, and, os we
give both, our readers are left to make their own
choice, Dr. Dapnp,—one of our most skillful veter-
inarians, and in whom we have much faith,—
states that the old method of treating exostosis
by fire and blister is fast giving way to a more ra-
tional procedure. It has been discovered that
there is not, really, any cure for this malady; if we
can relieve the horse from lameness, that is all that
can be expected, We treat the disease, when first
discovered, just as we would a recent splent or
spavin, by cooling, evaporating lotions, cold water
bandages, &c,; rest, too, 80 much disregarded by
physicians, is of some importance.” In chronic
cases Dr. D, applies acetate of cantharides daily,
until the parts appear hot and tender, then substi-
tutes cold water bandages, repeating the process
if necessary.
Mr. Spooner, one of the most distinguished of
England’s veterinary practitioners, says “the best
treatment for ringbones of either kind is, after the
inflammation has been in a great measure removed
by cooling applications, to fire the part, or other-
wise, well rub in the iodide of mercury ointment,
washing off the effects on the following day, and
thus repeating it again and again. We have by
such means succeeded in removing the lameness,
diminishing the enlargement, and restoring the
animal, in many instances, to a state of useful-
ness.”
—— ae
EUROPEAN AGRICULTURE.
Wixter Banver ror Feevinc Sueep.—A corres-
pondent of the London Agricultural Gazette,
writes to that journal :—“ Last spring a farmer in
Hants fed his sheep on this dry plant, after it was
in ear; his flock haye not recovered from the effects
of ityet. In August it first scoured them, and
he has lost some 23 ewes and several lambs; they
dwindle away, and the shepherd says when they
die, they have not a drop of blood in their veins,”
Pasrurage in A Prowric Season.—A writer in
the Mark Lane Express, in an article on this sub-
ject, speaks of the difficulties of “too much grass,”
and suggests a variety of courses to pursue with
it, “Itis always desirable,” he says, “to have
plenty; but profusion is certainly an evil in graz-
ing. The stock leaye the coarser herbage for the
finer spots; consequently these get ovyereaten and
bare; the coarser grows Still coarser, and in the
end becomes nearly worthless.” One course would
be to shut up a part for mowing, which would be
the same in result, but less risk and expense than
WHST HIGHLAND FAT OX.
In perusing “Rural Letters from Turope,” by
Saxronn Howanp, Esq., recently published in the
New Yonker, our readers have doubtless noticed
the frequent mention made of West Highland Cat-
tle. This breed has its admirers, and we give, in
connection with a brief description of its habits
and peculiarities, the above illustration of an ox
in condition for the butcher.
The West Highland Cattle area primitive breed,
and are principally found in a range of islands
(the Hebrides, skirting the Western coast of Scot-
land from the promontory of Cantire to the North-
ern extremity of the country. From the earliest
accounts we have of Scotch cattle, this breed has
remained unchanged, or improved only by eelec-
tion. This group of islands extends nearly two
hundred miles from North to South, and while the
striking features of the Highland cattle are evi-
dent in all, there is considerable difference in size,
earliness of maturity, and consequent value, the
change being readily traced to the effects of cli-
mate and superior pasturage. Those upon the
island of Islay, the most Southern of the group, are
awarded the palm in the specialties mentioned. —
The increase of size, however, is not considered an
advantage in the Northern islands, or even on the
mainland, as itis gained by a loss of hardihood,
rendering them unable to withstand the inclemen-
cy of the weather, or to subsist upon the scanty
forage that the Highlands supply. ‘Breeders are
so much aware of this,” remarks Youarr, “that
they endeayor to preserve the purity and value of
their stock, by selecting, not from the districts
where the size has increased, but, by almost gen-
eral consent, from the Isle of Skye, where the cat-
tle are small, but are suited to the soil and to the
climate; and can be most easily and securely rais-
ed at the least expense; and, when removed to
better provender, will thrive with a rapidity al-
most incredible.”
After viewing them at the Glasgow Cattle Show,
Mr. Howanp writes:—*They are very handsome
in form, occupy the bleakest districts, and thou-
sands of them are reared without shelter and with
no other food, except a little milk from their dams
in early childhood, than what they grub from the
rugged pastures. Nature has given them a coat
of hair which protects their bodies against the
winter’s storm. Some of them at this show had
8 considerable portion of their last year’s hair,
three or four inches long, hanging in patches on
them. They are bred almost exclusively for beef,
but some of the Highland cows present by no
means & mean appearance for dairy purposes, and
their milk is of the richest kind and affords butter
of the best quality.”
The Highland hull should be black, or pale —
red, the head small, the ears thin, the muzzle fine,
and rather turned up. He should be broad in the
face, the eyes prominent, end the countenance calm
and placid. The horns should taper finely to a
point; and, neither drooping too much, nor rising
too high, should be of a waxy color, and widely
set on at the root. The neck should be fine, par-
ticularly where it joins the head, and rising with
agentlecurve from theshoulder. The breast wide,
and projecting well before thelegs, Theshoulders
broad at the top, and tbe chine so full as to leave
but little hollow behind them. The girth behind
the shoulder deep; the back straight, wide, and
flat; the ribs broad, the space between them and
the hips small; the belly not sinking low in the
middle; yet, on the whole, not ferming a round
and barrel-like carcass. The thigh tapering to
the hock-joint; the tailset on a level with the back.
The legs short and straight. The whole carcass
covered with a thick, long coat of hair, and plenty
of hair also about the face and horns, and that hair
not curly.
The value of the West Highland cattle consists
in their being hardy, and easily fed; in that they
will live, and sometimes thrive, on the coarsest
pastures; that they will frequently gain from a
fourth to a third of their original weight in six
months’ good feeding; that the proportion of offal
is not greater than in the most improved larger
breeds; that they will lay their flesh and fat equa-
bly on the best parts; and that, when fat, the beef
is close and fine in the grain, highly flavored, and
so well mixed or marbled, that it commands a su-
perior price in every market. Mr, Howarp thinks
the breed adapted to some portions of our country.
turning in more stock. Or the rough spots of
grass might be mown for hay, or mown in small
quantities daily, and left to dry on the field, to be
eaten at pleasure by the stock. Another sugges-
tion is to let a portion stand for winter and early
spring pasturage. The grazing will possess con-
siderable value as an auxiliary supply to root-fed
cattle and sheep,
Fiowerixa or Porators.—Dr, Manny, an emi-
nent English agriculturist, and the author of a
prize essay on the cultivation of early potatoes,
says in that essay, which has recently been pub-
lished, that “a flower to an early potato is consid-
ered a sign of deterioration, the first symptom of
growing out, it being contended that all the
strength of the plant should be thrown into per-
fecting the tuber, and not into the opposite ex-
treme,” He would therefore eradicate them a3
soon as they appear, and save seed from plants
which haye shown no indication of flowering.
Experiments have shown that potato plants be-
ginning to show a tendency to flower, perfect their
tubers less early and perfectly than before that
tendency was developed. be
Is-anv-Ix Breepra.—About ten years ago the
Londonderry Standard published a series of letters
upon “The Form of the Horse,” written by Jamas
©. L. Carson, M. D., and the substance of these
have now made their appearance in book form,
The English press is giving some extracts to
their readers, ané re thus enabled to obtain
the following passage upon in-and-in breeding :—
“There is not the slightest foundation for the
strong prejudice which exists in the public mind
against in-and-in breeding, Many of the best
horses, as well as the best short-horned cattle, we
have ever had, were very much and closely in-bred.
To a certain extent this was unavoidable, when the
studs and herds were first formed; but it makes
little difference whether it was the result of neces-
sity, or of choice. It has fully established the im-
mense advantage of breeding in-and-in, when the
stock is of the right sort; indeed, I can see no
other possible way of retaining the perfections of
any particular strain than that of returning fre-
quently to the same blood. We must be careful,
however, to observe that the individuals we select
to breed from are as near perfection as possible,
both in themselves and their ancestors, We will
thus secure the transmission of their good quali-
ties. On the other hand, if there is any special
defect, it will be sure to pass down, when it is
thrown in-aud-in, and will hardly ever be got rid
of. I think it is owing, in a great measure, to
want of attention to this rule, that there is so much
prejudice against close breeding. It will succeed
only when the good qualities bear an immense
preponderance over the bad ones.
Experienced breeders very properly place great
reliance on blood. In short, this just amounts to
the fact, that good and bad qualities are all heredi-
tary. Like begets like. No person ever saw a
Clydesdale foal got by a blood-horse out of a blood
mare, or a short-horned calf by a long-horned bull
out of along-borned cow. Such a thiog is nover
expected. If then, these general obaracteristics
are invariably transmitted, bave we not some rea-
son at Jeast to conclude, that all things are heredi-
$ tory. In fact, that the offspring will inherit, either
in whole or in part, the most trifling peculiarities
of their ancestors, sometimes taking more after the
one parent, and sometimes more after the other,
or being a mixtaré of both, as the case may be,—
Whatever the peculiarities arc—whether sound-
nose, disease, form, temper, softness, strength, du-
rability, speed, vind, or any other thing—they pass
down from generation to generation. We should,
, by all meuns, keep to the good blood; but, at the
same time, we must be careful to select the best
specimens of that blood, if we wish to attain to
high success.”
THE NEW YORK STATE FAIR,
HELD AT ALBANY, OCT. 4—7.
Tue New Yorx State Agricorronan Socrerr
has long been the leading institution of its class
in Rural America, but never so fully demonstrated
its superiority, or achieved such marked success,
as during the holding and in the results of ‘its
Nineteenth Annual Exbibition, After a combined
display, attendance and receipts unequaled by
any other State Association, “ Excelsior” may
well be adopted as the motto of the Society—and
surely every native Rural New-Yorker, wherever
located, (whether still in the “Empire,” tbe resi-
dent of a sister Commonwealth, distant Territory,
or sojourning in foreign lands,) will rejoice in this
triumpb, and justly feel greater pride in New
York on account of the achievements of her most
prominent institution for the promotion of the
Rural and other Producing Interests of the Coun-
try. Bot, rather than glorify the State, Society
and People, by the use of strong adjectives, we
prefer to state such facts as will speak abund-
antly in their behalf, and sustain the enviable rep-
utation hitherto acquired.
As already intimated, the State Fair was a re-
markable success, in all respects—in the extent,
and quality of the exhibition, the number in at-
tendance, and amount of receipts. Much of this
is attributable to the very fine weather of the
week, an item of the first importance, and in which
the Society were never more favored than this
} year. The gencral arrangements for the Show
were also very complete, and hud evidently been
made known to those most interested. These
things, however, important as they are, would
never have produced so fine an exhibition and
large attendance, had not the Society beenin good
repute and the Ruralists of the State imbued with
the true spirit of emulation and improvement.
With such a rare combination as fair weather,
fine arrangements, good reputation of the Society,
and the right feeling among a progressive people,
the exhibition could not be otherwise than credit-
able and successful,—and we are not, therefore,
surprised tbat, taken all in all, the New York
State Fair for 1859 excelled its predecessors, —
For the manner in which the arrangements were
made and carried out, and the successful result,
much credit is due to Col. B. P. Jonnson, the
long-experienced and capable Secretary, and the
unequaled General Superintendent, Maj. M. R
Patrick,—for these gentlemen and their assistants
were really the most active, working and efficient
men of the Fair, whatever the positions or assump-
tions of the numerous honorables and amateur
farmers presect. Tho Judges and Exhibitors also
aided largely in perfecting and properly carrying
out the arrangements, Among these were many
of the most enterprising and influential Farmers,
Horticulturists, Mechanics and Mavufacturers of
the State—nearly every section being represented
by model sex, and presenting superior animals
and articles os well. Indeed, at this Fair,—great
as it was in the essential and creditable clements
of the skill, industry, and ingenuity of our people
—like most others we baye attended, the represen-
tatives of the people were, to us, most interesting,
and we are half inclined to give the names and
characteristics (mental and physical,) of scores of
men whom we met, rather than speak of the pro-
ducts of their skill and industry. But ¢Aaé is not
our province, and we proceed to other delineations,
a
The Exbibition was large and of good quality
in most departments. In connection with assist-
ants we took very full notes of the display in vari-
ous departments, but are unable to give more than
& synopsis of the memoranda in our possession.
[We also have notes of the evening discussions,
which wul be given hereafter.) The entries were
far greater than last year, Aggregating 3,555, and
being classified as follows:
Cattle, .
Horses sesece
Sheep, Swine snd Poultry
Plowing Implements and Machinery y
Grain, Vegetables, Dairy, Sugar aud Honey
Domestio Manufactures. .
Miscellaneous Department.
Flowers, Plants, Designs and Fruits.
Special Committeo...
The show of Iuprovep Stock was very large,
each class being represented by superior animals.
In gualify we think the display in the various
classes of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, Swine, Poultry,
&o,, by far the best we ever saw. Referring to
our notes we will make brief mention of the main
features, commencing with
THE CATTLE,
Short-horns.—This popular breed made an ad-
mirable display—the show being large and fine,
Excellent animals were shown from the herds of
Samucl Thorne ond Wm. Kelly of Dutchess, Wood
and Eastman, and J. F. Converse of Jefferson,
Hurst, Slingerland & Bullock of Albany, J. R.
Page and Henry Fellows of Cayuga, A. B. Con-
ger of Rockland, Lewis G, Morris and S. Leland
of Westchester, J. W. Chaddock of Genesee, J. H.
Pucker of Erie, J. B. Garrett of Onondaga, D,
T. Vail of Rensselaer, J. Snoll of Canada West
A. TL Beach of Conn., and several othors—in.
cluding many animals worthy of special notice,
(such os Mr. Thorne’s bull “Grond Park” Horst
BH & Co's “Noptuno,” J. R. Page's “Hiawatha,”
Go) Xe.) W. R. Duncan of Kentucky, extibited some
twenty animals—mostly beautiful roans, but not
, equal in form and size to the representatives of
several New York herds, and inferior to what
Kentucky should send to an Zmpira State Show.
Mr. Thorne made a grand show of imported and
home bred animals.
Devons.—The show in this class was unusnally
large and creditable, evincing that the beautiful,
uniform Devons are increasing in favor. The
principal exhibitors were Messrs. Wainwright of
Dutchess, E. G. Faile of Westchester, E. Ottley of
Ontario, Troman Baker of Madison, Geo, Vail and
P. S. Forbes of Rensselaer, 0, Howland of Cayuga,
A. B, Conger of Rockland, Webb & Rogers and B.
G. Cook of Jefferson, J. Hilton of Albany, J. Free-
myer of Schoharie. The display was superb, of
course, as several of the best herds in tho State
were represented.
Ayrshires—A much better show than usual, in
both numbers and quality. The herds of Messrs.
S. D. Hungerford and Brodie & Converse of Jef-
fersop, Sam’! Curtis, H. D. Hawkins and E. P.
Prentice of Albany, Jobn C. Hitchcock of Dutch-
ess, Jas. Thompson of Saratoga, and perhaps
otbers, were represented. The Ayrshires are at-
tracting attention as dairy stock.
Herefords.—D. Corning, Jr., of Albany, made a
fine display — exhibiting 18 animals. Fine ani-
mals were also shown by A. Bowen of Orleans, M.
C. Remington of Cayuga, Geo, Clark of Otsego,
and Eli P, Gardoer of Schoharie,
Alderneys.—This breed was represented by ani-
mals from the herds of Wm. S. Johnson of Dutch-
ess, Jno. T. Norton of Conn., A. B. Conger of
Rockland, and Chas. A. Burt.
Grade Cattle and Working Oxen were not want-
ing, and the show was creditable in both numbers
and quality. The much-abused and neglected
“natives” evinced that their owners were not
know nothings in breeding and care, whatever
their political proclivities. Good animals were
shown by Mather & Moore, W. H. Slingerland, A.
Fitch, ©. B. Pease, G. W. Harcourt, and J. H
Booth of Albany County; J. H. Converse and
Wood & Eastman of Jefferson, H. & F. Bowen and
Coon & Tompkins of Orleans, E. Ottley of On-
tario, Henry Cook of Dutchess, Luther Comstock
of Oneida, Peter Slocum of Wyoming, and others.
Fat Catile.—We think the show of Fat Cattle
the best we have seen at any State Fair—not of
monster's, but of animals that will make “ beef as
is beef.” Of stall fed, Thos. Doty and G. H. & A.
D. Gazley of Datchess, Thos. Kimber of Onon-
daga, and E. Sheldon of Cayuga, presented extra
fine animals, Among the grass fed, the two pair
of Short-horn three year old steers exhibited by
Craig and James (sons of J. S.) Wadsworth of
Livingston, were decidedly extra—worthy the
Genesee Valley. George H. Charles of Albany,
and ©. J. Willis and W. R. Duncan of Ky., also
showed fine fat animals.
HORSES,
The display of Horses was so large and elegant
that we were unable to observe closely half of even
the animals most noted for blood, beauty and en-
durance, and bence shall not attempt (this week,
at least,) to particularize. The show was by far
the largest in numbers and best in quality we ever
witnessed, including many superior animals from
Western and Central New York. The exhibitions
in the ring attracted great attention—the display
of style and speed being the “cynosure of all
eyes’ that could obtain a sight, All present who
had a streak of horse-admiration in their com-
Position—i. ¢., almost everybody—appeared de-
lighted, from Gov. Morcax (who, by-the-way, pur
chased two or three fine horses from this county,)
and Gen. Woor down to the smallest and hum-
blest judges of the “ noblest of all animals,”
SHEEP.
Of Sheep there was a good show, though the
Coarse and Middle Wool or Mutton Breeds were
most numerously represented. Fine Leicesters,
Cotswolds, cbc., were shown by Robt. Brodie, Wood
& Eastman and Robt. Hungerford of Jefferson,
Jurian Wione and P. Van Wie of Albany, John
McDonald of Herkimer, G. H. & A. D. Gazley and
Y. H. Hallock of Dutchess, H. Bowen, Jr., of Or-
leans, G. ©. Hitchcock of Conn., J. Bettridge of
Monroe, O. Howland of Cayuga, R. Gipson of
Oneida, Nelson Gower and Thos. Kimber of Onon-
a; MOORR’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.,
SSS Le
ough apt to suffer in our cold winters; but for
this we would prefer them over all others. Game
Fouls, too, are increasing, but we hope this is no
evidence that the American people are beginning
to tolerate the cruel sport of cock-fighting. Bre-
men, African, and othe Geese were shown in ex-
cellent condition; but really the most beautiful
thing we saw in the poultry line was a cage of
Black Cayuga Ducks, shown by John R. Page, of
Sennet, Cayuga county, Perhaps they pleased us
the more because we had never before seen them
—or, only @ very young pair, some years since.
The Turkeys were well represented, as were also
the Rabbits and Funcy Pigeons.
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.
It would require more space than we can afford
to this department, evea to give a list of articles
on exhibition. Never have we seen so large a dis-
play at a State, or even National Fair. The Horse
Powers and Threshing Machines were the most
prominent, and seemed to attract general atten-
tion. Westinghouse, Emery, Pease, Wheeler and
others exhibited their respective machines in ope-
ration. Three Potato Diggers were in competition
for the premiums, and the first was awarded to one
from New Jersey ; the machine of Mr. Niyen, which
was figured and described in the Runau a few
weeks since, received the second premium, These
run a point or plate of iron under the hill, and the
soil and potatoes are carried up an “apron” made
of iron rods, on the endless chain principle, the
soil falling through and the potatoes passing to
the back of the machine where they are deposited
on the ground. We do not know that the Com-
mittee saw these machines in operation, and if
not, their award is of litileconsequence. A Steam
Engine designed to propel a steam plow, traveled
about the grounds and subsequently attempted to
plow, but did not succeed to the satisfaction of the
spectators, A novel implement which attracted
attention, was a roller made of cast iron wheels,
about an inch broad, and set on arod about two
inches apart, but each one acting independently of
the other, Tyo others thus constructed were at-
tached by means of an iron hinged reach, like
“bob sleighs.” This machine is designed for
breaking clods and dragging, or rather rolling in
grass, wheat and other seeds, and is said to be
quite effective. Reapers, mowers, plows, harrows,
cultivators, drills, &c., were shown by the acre,
but our limited space will not allow us to particu-
larize. We may notice many of the novelties and
improvements in future numbers,
DAIRY HALL,
The show of Dairy Products was much better
than that made at Syracuse last season, when we
counted only eight or nine specimens of butter and
a dozen or so of cheese, At Albany we counted
over fifty-fine large cheeses, and about forty speci-
mens of butter, and the quality of many of the
samples was excellent. Still, the exhibition of
dairy products was not creditable to the great State
of New York, nor did it do justice to our dairy in-
terests. A gentleman from New Brunswick re-
marked to us that, juds from the exhibition, he
thought dairying must}be unprofitable in this
State. Most of the cheeses shown were from Jef-
ferson, Lewis and Herkimer, though there were a
few from Oneida, Onondaga and other counties.
GRAIN AND SEEDS.
There was quite a respectable exhibition of
Wheat, Rye, Barley, Oats, Flax Seed, Timothy
Seed, Corn, &c. The White Winter Wheat of E.
8. Hayward, of this city, was a very fine sample,
and reminded us of the palmy days of Genesee
wheat, The Red Winter wheat of 0. Howland of
Cayuga, was another excellent sample, and there
were others almost as good.
DOMESTIC AND MANUFACTURERS’ HALLS.
The Domestic Hall was a very attractive feature
of the Fair, and was constantly thronged with vis-
itors, being a favorite resort of the ladies, Had
time permitted us to take notes of the embroidery,
the crochet work, the quilts, the stockings, the
hoods, scarfs, shawls, ond a thousand other things
which we saw and admired, the crowd would have
prevented, as we were compelled to occupy a very
small space and to move on with the mass,
Tn the building devoted to Manufactures there
daga, D. D, Campbell of Schenectady, and others.
OF South-Downs there was a good show— prin-
cipally by Sam'l Thorne of Dutchess, C, Parsons
of Monroe, (20 head,) A. B, Conger of Rockland, B,
Corning, Jr., and J. H. Booth of Albany, J. C.
Taylor of New Jersey, O. Howland of Cayuga, and
E.G. Cook of Jefferson. Shropshire Downs by J.
Lorillard of Westchester, and J. C. Taylor.
The display of Fine Wools was not large, Good
Spanish Merinoes were shown by Jesse Hinds of
Vermont, Geo. Brown of Ontario, J. Stickney of
Steuben, N. M, Dart of Delaware, E. G. Cook of
Jefferson, and J. M, Percy, Potter Baker, W. P.
Brown and W, H. Armstrong of Rensselaer.—
Silesians of extra quality— imported and home
bred—were exhibited by Wm. Chamberlain of
Dutchess; same breed by Geo. Brown of Ontario.
Mr. Chamberlain also had some French and Sile-
sian, Saxons were shown by Geo. Dakin of Dutch-
ess, C. W. Hull of Columbia, and T. Y. Maxson,
SWINE.
The show of Swine was not large, but comprised
Some fine and weighty specimens of the genus Sus,
with few or none of the long-nosed, Wind-splitting
and thistle-digging varieties. Fine animals of the
Essex breed were shown by Messrs, Thorne, Con-
ger, H. Griffin and A.M, Underhill—of Suffolks
by Conger, E. G. Cook, B, Corning, Jr., and J, H,
Booth—and of Yorkshires, Berkshires, &c., by 8,
D. Hungerford, Wm. Richardson, and others,
POULTRY,
Although the “ chicken fever” has subsided, and
all are ready to laugh ot the foolish things said and
done during that epidemic, yet the Poultry exhi-
bition continues to be quite an important part of
our State Show, and always commands crowded
houses. The first thing that attracted our atten-
tion on entering this department was the fine ex-
hibition made by J. H. Clapham and B. A. Wen-
dell, of Albany, of all names and colors. The
Black Spanish seems to be gaining in favor, and
every year we notice an increased number on ex-
hibition, They area beautiful and valuable bird,
was a fine display of carriages, sleighs, and other
work creditable to the Albany manufacturers; but
the display was not large, as many articles of man-
ufacture, such as leather, pianos, clothing, India
rubber goods, &c., were exhibited in Domestic
Hall and in another building, and the most tasteful
one on the grounds—indeed the only one making
any pretensions to architectural style. This was
erected by the
ALBANY MECHANICS’ INSTITUTE,
an Association recently organized, which will in
future make its own annual exhibitions. This
building contained several steam engines in ope-
ration, furnishing power where it was needed, for
the performance of various mechanical operations,
Here the printers were at work at the press, the
lithographer “striking off” views of the fair
ground, cooking and parlor stoves of various styles
were in full blast, a telegraph office established,
and sending friendly messages from the visitors to
anxious friends at home inall parts of the country,
and a hundred other mechanical operations per-
formed, which we have not space even to mention,
THE ADDRESS
was delivered about noon on Friday, the last day
of the Fair, by Hon. Joux A. Dix. The day was
unpleasant, the wind blowing strong and cold,
which made speaking difficult, and listening very
unpleasant. The number of hearers was, there-
fore, less than usual. After the address the Secre-
tary announced the Premiums, and the General
Superintendent declared the Fair at an end,
—A report of the Horticultural Department of
the Fair is given on next page—by reference to
which it will be pbserved that our assootate was
not favorably impressed with al? the arrangements,
The receipts of the Fair were some $18,000; we
will give the figures next week. Oar report is
made from notes taken bofore the premiums were
awarded, and, finding it difficult to obtain post-
office addresses of exhibitors, We have only at-
tempted to give the cownties in which they reside.
The Premium Awards will probably comprise full
particulars in this respect.
Rural Spirit of the Press,
To Remove Films,
A cornesronpent of the Southern Fomestead
writes :—“ Having seen a number of remedies for
taking film from horse's or cattle’s eyes, I'l) give
the method that I have practiced for years without
failing ina single instance. Take a piece of fresh
butter the size of a common walnut, and putitin
the opposite ear—that is, if left eye, put in right
ear, If the butter is hard, hold the ear with your
hand for a short time, until it melts and runs into
their head; in most cases one application is all
that is necessary. If you have not got the butter,
hog's lard will answer.”
Fall Plowing.
Ty an article on this subject, by the editor of
the Country Gentleman, we find the following hints
upon the manner of performing the work :—1. Do
it thoroughly and in a workman-like manner, 2.
If the soil is at all liable to standing water in win-
ter, it should be plowed in narrow lands, and the
water-furrows carefully cleared and free outlets
provided, so that all surface moisture may at once
drain away. Unless this is attended to, it is of
little use to plow low lands in the fall, If covered
with water until spring, the frosthas no mellowing
effect, and very little decomposition takes place—
the soil is only hardened by its exposure. 8, In
fall plowing, the furrows should be deep and nar-
Tow, So as to expose as much surface as possible
to the action of the frost, and it matters little how
rough the work may be, previded the whole sur-
face be inverted by the plow.
Leaves as a Manure.
Tue following, which we clip from the Work.
ing Farmer, is not only timely, but well worth ex-
amination and trial:—In many parts of our coun-
try wood, lands have deposits of leaves, until the
amount contained on the surface is entirely greater
than is required for any benefit they can furnish
to the growing forests. In such cases the leaves
may be removed to the manure shed with great
profit; having parted before their full, or soon af-
ter, with all their aqueous portion they become a
Progressed representative of large amounts of in-
organic matter, and when properly composted and
decayed, form a manure of great value. Woods-
earth, to be foundin many localities in large de-
posits, is very valuable as manure, but first requir-
ing treatment with the lime and salt mixture, we
have often described, to neutralize tannic acid and
to disintegrate the fibre so as torender the manure
fine for distribution, We have often seen woods-
earth of three times the value per cord of the
best barn-yard manure. Dried leaves may be
used as an absorbent for urine in stables in the
place of straw, and they may be gathered up
through the woods. The best way of collecting
leaves, particularly where the ground is not level,
is to brush them down hill with a birch broom;
as soon as the windrow is formed, the pushing or
rolling over of this windrow will cause it to pick
up all the leaves in its wake, and at the foot of the
hill it may be loaded into carts. In the making of,
hot-bed earth, and borders for grape vines, etc,
gardeners prize wood-earth very bigbly. Black
mould from the woods is extremely rich in all the
inorganic materials; all of which are ready for re-
assimilation in plants,
The Use of Quails.
Wx. Norroy, an intelligent, observing farmer
boy, who makes his home in the Southern part of
Illinois, has recently been studying the habits of
the quail, or, incorrectly, “partridge,” and gives
the following testimony which will interest agri-
cultural readers ;
He observed a small flock commencing at one
side of the field, taking about five rows, following
them regularly through the field, scratching and
picking about every hill till they came to the other
side of the field, then taking another five rows on
their return, and thus continuing till he thought
they were certainly pulling up the corn. He shot
one, and then proceeded to examine the corn
ground. On all the ground that they had been
over he found but one stalk of corn disturbed; that
was scratched nearly out of the ground, but the
kernel was still attached to the stalk. In the crop
of the quail he found one cut-worm, twenty-one
striped vine bugs, over one hundred chintz bugs
that still retained their individuality, a mass ap-
parently consisting of hundreds of chintz bugs,
but not one kernel of corn. The quails have been
decreasing in number in that vicinity for about
five years past, and the chintz bug increasing. It
is believed that these facts stand in the relation of
cause and effect to each other.
In connection with the above we give the fol-
lowing extract from the New York Tribune:—
“One of the prettiest of our American birds
is the quail, and although not very musical,
its notes are clear, thrilling, and pleasant. With
anything like decent treatment, quails become
semi-domesticated, though never entirely so, and
add not only in beauty, but in real value to the
farm; for they are not grain eaters, but immense
insect destroyers; and a farmer should no more
permit a quail to be destroyed about his premises
than he should his domestic poultry—in fact, not
as much, for it may be necessary to kill off the
surplus, to eat or sell, to save the expense of
winter feeding. But that is not the case with
quails; and even should they increase to such ex-
tent as to require a little grain to sustain them
through the deep snows, they will pay back all
the cost of keeping in the spring. A flock of
quails in your garden or yine-patch would be the
most effectual remedy for striped bugs that could
be applied, and then, the remedy costs nothing.”
es hee aes
How 10 Hunt tix Wooponvess.—Perhaps some of
the boys_will thank Mr, Gxzo, Stapx, of Mendon, for
this novel and said to be successful mode of heading
woodchucks:—" Take a turtle about the size of your
hand; bore a hole in the edge of bis shell and tea
string {n the same, Then put on his back, near his tall,
@ small amount of sulphur with a little turpentine;
ignite the same, and head the animal down the hole,
Impelled by the excitement in his rear, he diligently
seeks the bottom. The woodchuok, terrified by the
smell of the sulphur and the flaming appearance of his
Visitor, evacuates the promises, and is met at the hole
by the club of the hunter, The turtle is then pulled out
for another bunt Itissald the experiment never fails.”
Agricultural Miscellany,
Hamaonp Fare—Jeforson and &t, Lawrence.—On
onr return from tho State Fair we left the Contral road
at Rome, and passed through portions of Jefferson aud
St. Lawronce countes—Adams, Watertown, Antwerp,
Rossie, &o,—to fu'fill an engagement to epeak ate
loca! Fair near Chippewa Bay, in Hammond. Tao
Fair was held on the 6t and 7th, but (arriving late the
second day,) we saw litle of the exhibition, which
was largely attended, several towns boing represented,
We were glad to mako the personal arquaintanos of
Sach men as Davin More, Exq., Prosident of the Soote-
ty, Col. Lampnier, Messrs. ALLEN, Wuson, Fornns-
TER, Gonpon, and many other officera and members
Who appeared to be of the right stamp to forward Rarat
Improvement Hammond proved a far more fertile
and beau/ifaltown than we Anticipated--especially aftor
Passing the rough granite ledges of Rossie—being flooty
altuated on the St Lawronce river, It basa strong,
fertile soil—mostly clay loam—evidently cultivated by
intelligent, todustrious and thrifty farmers. We bare
rarely seen better farm buildings, fences, etc, of re
indications of good culture and profitable Dosbanary,
even in the most favored localitics, than in Hammond
and some parts of Rossle. Roagh and forbidaing as
much of the Jatter town appears, it contains many
farmers who have become wealthy among rocks that
Would frighten a farmer of Monroe county. Dairying
is the main branch here, the rough lands, unfit for tho
plow, affording rich pastur In Hammond tho ce-
reals are grown advantageonsly—spring wheat quite
oxtonsively—but we saw little fruit, These towns sere
originally settied and are mainly occupied by intelli-
gent and thriving Scotch farmers, who have become
independont by their industry, economy and good
Management. In passing through ecveral towns of
Jefferson and St. Lawrence we saw many fine horda of
cattle, principally dairy stock, and found a richer coun-
try than we bad expected. We wore pleased with both
people and country, and regret that lack of space pre-
cludes proper mention of many Uhings observed. Water-
town is a beantifal, busy, thriving village—almost a
clty—with many foo pablic edifices and business blocks.
The Watortown & Rome Rallroad—extending from the
Central at Rome to Cape Vincent, and ably superin-
tended by Cartos Duron, Eaq.,—is largely benefiting
the people aud country of Northern New York,
SeANRATELES Fanwens! Ovus Fair—The Seorctary,
W. M Bravowamr, Enq, gives us a very interesting
account of the Fair of the Skudeateles Farmera’ Clap—
One of the most spirited and progressive assoolations in
the Unlon—which was held the 28th ult. Mr, B, says
no better evidence need be given that Free Fairs aro
an improvement on the common plan than was wit-
nessed that day, The morning dawned cheerlass after
a streaming night of rain, and many thought it beet to
postpone; but about 10 a. w. the people and articles
began to pour in, and for three hours the clerks were
kept busy, more than 600 entries being made in that
time. Among the working oxen, there appeared 18
yoke to one wagon, tastefully got up, boing fluely dec-
orated with farm produce, implements, etc. Tne show
of cattle and horses was flno; also of sheep (35 pens,)
swine and poultry—wbile the entries of grain, farm im-
plements, vegetables, fruit, dairy, domestic manufac-
tures, etc,, were large and the exbibition creditable. It
is estimated that 7,000 persons were present, J. V. HL
Crank, Esq,, of Manlius, gave a practical and forcible
addres on the Duties of Agriculturists,
—Well done, Skaneateles Farmera’ lub! Your ex-
ample io this and other matters js worthy of emulation
and imitation in a thousand localities within the circle
of our parish of readers, and we'll keep talking about
the benefits of Farmers’ Ciubs every opportunity,
Suenscrse Fars—Progress 8f Improvement Ilus-
frated.—Chenango county people get up good Fairs,
At the recent Fair in Sherburoe there was a procession
illustrating the progress of Improvement, in which ap-
peared pionees with theiraxes; an emigront car drawn
by oxen and filed with children as careless in their
mirth as if they were not supposed to be making their
way among the bears and wolves and other appendages
of frontier life; old and improved plows, harrows, &0. ;
dairy animals ; sn old lady, seated in crouching attitude,
and steadily plying the dasher of an old-fashioned
churn, was followed by a dog-power churn in opera-
tion, in the wake of which came other dairy teols anda
manufactory of cheese boxes; a butcher industriously
cutting up juicy steaks; masons with hammer and
trowel; carpenters at their benches, and a car with
eight or ten sash and blind makers at work ; black-
smiths blowing and striking, aud shoeing horses; paint-
crs, moulders, prioters, tanners, sboewakers, tailors,
harness-makers, wagon-makers, tlnners; potters mix-
ing their clay and moulding vessels for use and orna-
ments; milliners, cabinet and chalr-makers, seam-
stresses, batters, silversmiths, dentists, and the Sher-
burne and Smyrna fre companies.
Men Wuo Anz Men.—A Chicago paper says:—*In
ono of the carriages at the opening of the Nationel
Fair, were four members of the U. 8. Ag. Soclety, who
haye never used alcobolio liquors or tobacco; three of
them have never known sickness in any manner, and
one only once belng silgbtly 20, Two of them are over
seventy years of age, and two over fifty. Three of
them are at present Vice-Presidents of the United
States Agricultural Society, and one a member of the
Executive Committee. Toe names of these distioguish-
ed gentlemen, who aro an example to the rising gone-
ration, and who should take knowledge of them, are
Vice-Presiden's J. Brooks, of Massachuactts, Jobn
Jones, of Delaware, snd F. G. Cary, of Ohio; the
member of the Exccutiye Committee is J. W. Ware, of
Virginia.”
Comparative VAve or Har AND Ornen Foppen.—
The following table gives the comparative value of
different kinds of food for farm stock, made from what
are said to have been carefully conducted English
experiments:
180 1b of hay are equal to
276 1b green Indian Corn| 46 1b wheat,
Teale, 59 Ib oats,
442 tb rye straw, 45 1b peas or beans,
164 th ont straw,
109 Tb pea straw,
201 Ib raw povatoes,
176 th botled potatoes,
489 1b mangold wortzel,
504 1b turnips,
bi lb rye,
64 tb buckwheat,
57 Ib Indian corn,
68 Ib acorns,
105 th wheat bran,
109 Ib rye bran,
107 Ib wheat, poa and oat
chaff,
170 tb rye and barley chaff,
According to the above, wheat is worth but little
more than twice as much per pound as bay, and [odian
corn not half as much; and oats are worth more than
corn, We are confident that this will not bold good im
this country.—N. ¥. Ziribune.
A Waaurr Two-Yuas-01n.—Mr. 0, Wiuttams, of
Sunderland, Mass,, aays he last spring sold a two year
old Durham bull for batcheriog, tho live weight of
which was over 2,000 pounds,
Dereznep—The extended report of the State Falr,
given elsewhere, compels us to defer several articles
intended for this number of the Runan
THE NEW YORK STATE FAIR.
HORTICULTURAL DEPARTMENT,
Tar New York State Agricultural Society, as
most of our readers know, held its Annual Fair at
‘Albany, on the 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th insts. The
weather was all that could be desired, and the
grounds were visited by immense numbers of
people, yielding a large revenue to the Society, and
we hope a corresponding amount of pleasure and
profit to the people. A pretty full report of the
other departments will be given in other pages of
this paper, and we purpose here only to give some
notes of the Fruits, Mowers and Vegetables.
PLORAL HALL—ARRANGEMENT AND MANAGEMENT,
The arrangement of Frozat Haut, in which was
shown the Frwitsand Flowers, was the most incon-
venient and ill-adapted to the purpose that we
have ever seen. In the centre of the building
‘a platform or staging was erected with four ranges
of sbelves on all sides, the first about the height
and width of the ordinary table, the next a foot or
so higher, and so on, as shown in the little draw-
ing which we have made from recollection, and
which we presume is not correct in its proportions.
The dots represent a railing, about three feet from
the lower shelf, to keep the crowd from disarrang-
ing or handling the fruit.
Section of Floral Hatt at Albany,
By this arrangement a pretty good view is had
by the people of the lower shelves, but of those
above they can see nothing but a mass of fruit—
not a label can be read, or one variety distin-
guished from another. Indeed, on the upper
shelves, twelve or fifteen feet distant, it is difficult
with the light afforded, to tell apples from pears,
and the Committee have to climb around among
the fruit, to the great danger of the plates and
their own necks. This has been the system
adopted for several years past, and if the object of
the Superintendent is to give all possible annoy-
ance to the Committees, and to prevent the people
from gaining any knowlege of the fruits exhibited,
he certainly deserves great credit for bis inge-
nuity—for a nice adaptation ofmeanstoends. The
only thing that rendered this plan of exbibition
bearable was the fact that exhibitors generally
stood within the railing, and were quite accommo-
dating in giving information—ever ready to climb
the shelves and hand plates of the different varie-
ties that spectators might wish to examine. But,
at the late show, the Superintendent excluded
exhibitors from the space within the railing, so
that there was no one of whom an inquiry could be
msde, We saw one gentleman from Erie county
with a paper in his hand containing a list of pears
which he had been recommended to plant, and he
came to the State Fair almost for the sole purpose
of examining the fruit of these varieties, but the
tables were in charge of a few policemen, and he
could not obtain a particle of information, and no
one could tell him whether the fruit was on exhi-
bition or not. Two other gentlemen of Herkimer
were anxious to see certain varieties of apples, and
applied to us to assist them, but we could render
them no aid, The people present being thus effec-
tually debarred from gaining information, there
was only one chance left, and that was through
the reporters for the press, who were anxious to
take notes, to spread before the readers of their
journals. This, however, was prevented, by the
Superintendent, who excluded them from within
the railing, the only place where they could
obtain the desired information. Twice we were
requested to leave, and our notes are consequently
yery mengre. The State Society should appoint a
new Superintendent or learn the old one that the
object of the exhibition is to afford the people the
best possible facilities for gaining knowledge.
BETTER PLAN FOR A FLORAL HALL.
While we are on this subject we will give a very
simple and convenient plan for the arrangement
of a Fronar Hatt, for the exhibition of Fruits,
Flowers, and Pot Plants.
oa
Scotion of Floral Hall, as Proposed,
Figures 1 and 2 may consist of either one table
wide enough for four plates, or two tables or
shelves, figure 1 being raised some six inches
above figure 2, and wide enough for two or three
plates; figure 2 made for three or four plates.
‘The lower shelf in the centre oval, (figure 3,) is
designed for cut flowers. Shelf 4, raised six to
eight inches above 5, is for boquets and small
pot plants. Shelf 5, raised a foot or more above 4,
is designed for large and fine specimens of pot
plants, the largest in the centre, giving the crown-
ing grace to the whole. Figure#, floral ornaments,
or large pot plants. Figure 7, entrance deor,
figure 5, door for egress. 4, dotted lines, the rail-
4 ing to keep spectators from crowding near the
4 fruit, handling and disarranging it, In the space
fy) inside of this railing the exhibitors should stand,
{ready to answer all inquiries and hand the speci-
. mens to such yisitors as may wish to examine
them critically, If the railing is made of rustic
work, poles and branches from the woods, instead
of boards and ecantling, the effect will be much
better, The general effect of many a good horti-
cultural show is destroyed by rough carpenter
work. Rustic work should be substituted as much
Ground Plan of Proposed Floral Haut,
as possible. 0, pastage way, and as the people
enter through one door and pass out at the other,
crowding and confusion are in a great measure
prevented, The passage way, shown in the plan,
is only six feet between the railing. In most
cases this would be too narrow.
This plan, with such variations as circumstances
may render necessary, will be found a very con-
yenient arrangement, in which every article re-
quiring close examination will lie quite convenient
for the purpose.
PRUIT.
The exhibition of fruit was large, and the speci-
mens exceedingly perfect. Most of the apples
and pears were from the Western part of the State,
Pxtwanoer & Barry, as usual, took the first pre-
mium for the largest and best collection of pears
and apples, and Sara & Hancuerr, of Syracuse,
the second premium on both. These collections
were yery fine. L. Menanp, of Watervliet, showed
some good pears, 2s did also W. Fennis, of Throg’s
Neck, and J. M, Marriso, of Jacksonville. Joun
W. Bauer, of Plattsburg; 8. S.Haxwann, of this
city, 8. Buntis, of Oaks Corners, P, S. Fonnes, of
Bath, and others, made excellent exhibitions of
apples.
There was a good show of both foreign and
native grapes. Davin McLeop, of Albany, exbib-
ited most superb foreign varieties, and J. G.
Wuire, of Albany, A. B. Mock, of Westford, and
M. Howarp Merritt, of Hart’s Village, well
grown and well ripened specimens of native
grapes, mostly Isabella and Catawba, Seldom
have we seen such magnificent Isabellas, as were
here exhibited, and one plate, by Mr. Mernirt, we
think we never saw equaled. They were almost
as large as the Black Hamburghs on exbibibition.
FLOWERS,
The show of flowers was not large, there being
but two or three collections of Dahlias, the best
being shown by Jonn Wirson, of Albany, and
Swit & Hancuert, of Syracuse. Suita & Han-
cuett and L. Menanp, made a fair show of roses.
There were a few Phloxes, but nothing worthy of
especial notice, Verbenas, few and fair, Asters,
numerous and poor, Mrs, VAN Namex, and Mrs.
Newcons, of Pittstown, made their regular annual
show of flowers, and took about all the premiums
offered in the amateurs’ list. For years, —almost
as long os we can remember, — these ladies have
made a good exhibition of flowers, and pecketed
the premiums, almost without competition. We
should hardly realize we had been to a State Fair
did we not meet their smiling faces; but we wish
other ladies would enter this list, and not allow
them to carry off the premiums quite so ensy.
VEGETABLES,
The show of vegetables was large. Plenty of
the coarse Mexican pumpkin were exhibited, and
attracted attention from their large size, as they
always de. A few Hubbards were on the tables,
but most of them showing signs of mixture. Ina
few years, unless we are more careful, scarcely o
pure squash of this fine variety will be found.
Cxauncey E, Goopricn, whose large collection of
seedling potatoes, has for many years formed the
principal attraction of Vegetable Jall, was not
present, (being, as he wrote, detained by sickness,)
but Judge Cueeyer exhibited 21 varietes of Mr.
G.’s later seedlings. The Prince Alberts were in
abundance, and very large, many specimens being
from ten to twelve inches in length. No Fiukes
were shown; Afericans were in two collections,
and fine, but the Peach Blows were the favorite
sort, and altogether the most abundant. The first
premium was given to this variety, and the second
to the Black Diamond, a seedling by Mr. Goop-
nion, A poor, worthless sort, was labeled Zarly
June, the same as is generally sold here under
that name, but is not to be compared to the true
Early June.
Onions were plenty and fine; the Cabbage was
large, and some Savoy excellent, but most of the
common sorts showed mixture. No one should
show what claims to be @ green cabbage all
streaked with purple, or blushing with red, at its
doubtful origin,
Farm Roor Cnors were scarce. A few good
Buta Bagas were shown by A. V. Tuonxton, of
Watervieit, and large White Turnips by A. M.
Unpenmit. We also noticed half a dozen Man-
golds, but a two-bushel basket would haye held all
the roots. A good exhibition of roots we seldom
MOORKE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
see at any of the Fairs in the States, but we have
never visited a Canada Fair where we did not see
alarge and fine display. Ourfarmers have a good
deal to learn in root culture from their Canadian
neighbors.
—___—__+42—_____
FRUIT RECEIVED.
We are again indebted to various friends for
collections of fruit, for examination, names &c,
—To BE, Tuaren, of Watkins, Schoyler County,
in this State, for a small box of White Grapes,—
Mr. T. eoys they were “from a seedling of my
cultivation,’ planted four years ago this full, and
which produced some forty clusters last season,
but owing to the excessive cold last winter, the
vine produced but a very few scattering grapes
thissummer, Those I seud you are the two best
bunches, and are one-third of all that the vine
produced this season. There was no full develop-
ed clusters, as was the case last year. From the
fact of their being an entire new variety, as tho’t
by many in this place, the name of Thayer's
Martha wos given them. Now I wish you, as far
ag the specimen sent will permit, to sey from
their color, transparency, size, (though they fall
short in that,) shape, and particularly the flavor,
what, or by what name they may be called if not
& new variety; and give your opinions through
the Rugat, or otherwise, whether they are en-
titled to the name given themor not, The grapes
are ripe and fit for eating about the 12th of Sept.,
or before, Clusters regular, and a trifle smaller
than the Isabella, but like them in size and shape,
and a little irregularity in some clusters. I think
at a more mature age of the vine it would produce
about the same clusters in shape, size, &c., as the
Isabella. The vine is very thrifty and hardy, and
foliage thick,”
The clusters of grapes received are yery small,
the berries about the size and shape of small
Tsabellas, green, tinged with amber. They plain-
ly show their native origin. The quality is good.
We should judge this to be a very promising
variety, but another season will afford a better
opportunity for a more satisfactory opinion.
—To 8. Bouaurton, Pittsford, N. Y., for well
ripened Catawba Grapes, and a black, seedling
grape of large size, but too strongly native in its
character to become popular,
To D. Bat, of Perry Center, N. Y., for apples,
under the name of St. Lawrence County, which
proved to be the Alexander.
—To A. 8. Crackyen, of Pittsford, for beautiful
specimens of the Pomegranate Melon.
—To H. C. Hearn, gardener to L, A. Warp, for
fine specimens of the Mammoth Tomato.
ee
PRICES OF FRUIT IN NEW YORK CITY.
Tse Day Book gives the following report of
the Fruit Market : z
Apples.—Receipts pei amboats are now yery
light, and prices hav advanced, Shippers
have commenced forwarding by the canal, and
some boat loads have already arrived, but prices
continue firm. We quote:
Western Apples, mixed lots, per bbl
Common Apples
Orange Pippins .
Ted Streaka,....
Twenty oz. Pippins.
Pall Pippins “
Detroit Reds. Kaa «--< 2 0002 50
Pears—Are becoming scarce, and we advance
our quotations. We have several consignments
in to-day, for which we hope to render a good ac-
account. Virgalieus ripen up very badly this
year, becoming spotted and mildewed, so that
dealers are afraid to buy them until they are fully
ripened. A few Bartlett’s have come in from
Maine, sold at $25a$20’per bbl. Seckels are most-
ly poor, and sell at irregular prices, We quote:
Beckels, geod,........... --$10 00015 00
Virgalieus, porfect . 10 00a15 00
Napoleons... ‘ 10 00a15 00
Lonise Bonne de Jersey. ++ 10 00016 00
Duchess d’Angouleme, per bbl. . -.. 10 00020 00
Quinces—Have made their appearance, and o
few have been sold at $102 per hundred, accord-
ing to size and quality, and at $8a4 per bbl,
Grapes—We quote:—Catawba, 11015 cents per
Ib. ; Isabella, choice, 10a12c. per lb. ; do. common,
Gage.
SS
TO SAVE TREES FROM MICE.
Messrs. Ens:—As we often hear complaints
about the depredations of mice upon fruit trees,
and the enquiry how to prevent their depreda-
tions, I thought I would give my remedy, to wit:
Some six years since, about the first month,
when the snow was some twelve to eighteen
inches deep, I found the mice had commenced
gnawing several young trees in my orchard, and
on one side of my small nursery, along ¢ide of the
fence; some fifty rows 1}¢ rods from the fence,
were more than half destroyed. Whatto do I did
not know, but finally concluded to try ashes—by
so doing saye them. I took dry sshes and strew-
ed around those trees in the orchard, and along
on the nursery trees on top of the snow, and nota
mark of a mouse track did I see after. I have
used ashes about my trees ever since, by applying
them about the roots and bodies of my trees, from
January to April, and haye not had one tree in-
jured since, I consider this a perfect preyen-
titive, and at the same time a great benefit to
the tree. E. Sauispury,
ro
Triowene pp Gasp AND Ation Maupe Straw3en-
uirs.—Can you, through the Ruzat, inform me and
many other readers, whether the strawberries Triomphe
de Gand and the Alice Mfaude are one and the same
thing, or are they different? The Alice Maude is cul-
tivated here by afew toalimited extent, and is well
spoken of by thoso who have tried them, I very much
Iiked your description of the Zriomphe de Gand and
thought of sending for « few vines, Last week I was
told I was already in possession of the same; that it
was the same as Alico Maude—J, E. Inisn, Waites
Corners, Erte Co., N. Y-
They are not the some, and quite distinct, but
both European sorts. The Triomphe de Gand is
the most promising aod popular of any foreign
variety, and we have confidence that it will be
profitable, both for the umateurand market grower.
THE HORTICULTURIST — PEAR QUESTION,
THE EDITOR AMONG THE DWARP PEAS
Our readers will remember the recent eontro-
yersy in our columns, as well as in other Journals,
on the possibility of raising pears with profit—
The Editor of the Horticulturist took rather de-
cided ground against dwarf poars; but we haye no
doubt became satisfied at last that a little more
information on the subject would be a decided ad-
yantage. So, a few weeks since he visited Roches-
ter, and sent to his Journal the following letter.—
This, we suppose, is only the first step in the right
direction. We might make several corrections,
but prefer to give the main part of the article
just as we find it.
Rocuesrer, New York.
Dear Hormoustunist:—The lovers ofyour pages
during the years that are past and gone, may not
object to reading a few hasty lines from this, your
old residence, and now most certainly containing
some of the best examples of horticultural pro-
gress. Consider me then shaking off the dust of
Broadway on Board the New World, that Great
Eastern of the rivers, and dining next day in Al-
bany, knocked about first on one side and then on
the other elbow by ladies waiting on table in extra
large crinolines; evidences that women are agsert-
ing their rights in these progressive quarters,—
Thence follow to the garden nurseries of the
wealthy city of Rochester, and into the grounds of
Ellwanger & Barry, the latter the able conductor
of your historical pages for so considerable a por-
tion of your lengthened history,
A fanciful writer says: “Of some plants the
seeds, ao far as we can perceive, are living animal-
cules, with voluntary motion, till they pitch their
tent upon a spot that they think will suit them;
they then germinate, and change from animals to
alge.” Now surely the pear seeds would seem to
haye yoluntary motion, and to have pitched upon
Rochester for their home, but for the fact that ap-
ples and plums. have done the same; and to sup-
pose that all the fruits could have assembled them-
selves, is going a little too far, We must believe,
therefore, when we see acres of trees, nearly all
loaded with fruit, that there has been some human
ingenuity invoked to call them together. Such is
the case; superior culture in a suitable soil and a
proper climate has arrayed the trees in a garb
such as I never saw before. The pears assume
here to my vision the same unaccountable increase
of health, beauty, size, and productiveness, with
fruit so large as not to be recognized or called by
name, as surprised Mr. Berry at the exhibition at
Burlington, Iowa, when he fairly admitted even
he was at fault, Now in Rochester, the Duchess
and the Bartlett assume an aspect and a color—I
may as well call it the pear bloom, which is to me
from @ little farther south,—the greatest of sur-
prises; and this bloom, or a similar tinge, per-
vades other fruits. The grape and the green gege
plum have itin a very marked manner. Then the
sizes and the health! Why, so orange-tree in the
tropics is more beautiful than thelonded peartreés
of Ellwanger & Barry, and others of Rochester.—
A soil of the quality that the pear would select for
itself, and s climate to suit it also, have made the
product all that has been said of it. And yet,
without the greatest attention in other orchards of
the same vicinity, while the few pears that adorn
the trees are larger than farthersouth, there is also
evidence that the utmost culture is required. The
accounts we have had are realized in several, but
not in all cases; the mode of treatmentis precisely
what has been often promulgated. To insure suc-
cess there is no other crop, not even a spear of
grass allowed to grow in the vicinity of either
pear or plum-tree. Aeration of the root, mulching
with stable manure in the fall, good trimming, and
fine fruit is the result,
The plums are a perfect sight; the curculio is
shaken off into sheets regularly every morning by
a person appointed for the purpose; it requires
but little time to do this, and the resultis magnifi-
cent, The Green Gage, Pond’s Seedling, Bow-
man’s Magnum Bonum, Peter's Yellow Gage, Da-
mascus Red, and the Pruin plums, here hanging
like ropes of onions, are examples of what core
and attention will do.
Of the pear, the largest number budded is the
Bartlett. The best bearers, where all seemed to
be loaded, were probably the Duchess D’Angov-
leme, Bartlett, Flemish Beauty, Vicar, Beurre
Clairgeau, and Hardy, Belle Lucrative and Virga-
lieu; and we noted as very fine, Beurre de Water-
loo, Goubalt, Calabasse monstreuse, Cramoisie, in
beauty number one, though in quality second;
Pratt, Livingston, Virgalieu, the Downing, named
by Leroy; Wharton, new; Buffam, St. Ghislin,
Consellier Ramwez, very large; Beurre Nantsis,
Baron de Mello, Beurre Superfin, very good; Ty-
son, Beurre D’Amaulis, large and good; Sheldon;
and the Church, known and esteemed for twenty
years as one of the best.
The apples here are quite as successful as the
pears; the trees are breaking down with the
weight, and the dwarfs are especially beautiful—
We noted as standards, Early Joe, Strawberry, and
Jersey Sweeting, as highly ornamental; as fruit-
ful, the Keswick Codling, Mother, Broadwell, Red
Astrachan, Baldwin, Gravensteiu, Genesee Chief,
Rousselet de Stuttgard, and Reine de Reinette—
The dwarf apple-trees were also borne down with
fruit, and of extreme beauty, the best for orna-
mental purposes being, perhaps, the Doucain, but
all were handsome and nearly all fruitful.
Gnares, Pears AND Qurxors,—As you seem willing
to be troubled, I would like to ask a few questions, too.
Ast, Ihave two or three hundred grape cuttings bedded
which I wish to transplant next spring—will it be boat
to cut them back, and let them remain where they are,
or take them up and heel them in? 2d. I want to set
them on the east side of a north and south fence, where
the suow drifts considerably in winter—will the drifts
inJure them, and should they be taken down from the
trellis or left up? 8d. I have a few quinces budded for
dwarfs very close to the ground—ought the earth to be
hoed up to them so as to partially or wholly cover
them? Or would tan-bark, sawdust, or something else,
be better if they need’ any protection ? 4th, The apple
described by Mr. WABRES, of Alabama, Js, I should
think, much like, if not the same as, the Clum Apple,
or Clum Pippin, raised in the adjoining town of Shelby,
The original tree—a seedling, a8 near as I can find out
—stands on a farm formerly owned bya Mr, Ouvm, now
by Jno, Eoxenson. The applets Gtfor
dle of August, ripe last of Septemberyor
ber, will keep with good common care\ill
‘Tree very thrifty and an excellent bear
80d send a few specimens by the bearer of tt
the quality of the apple you can judge for yoursel
A. 8. Bacon, Ridgeway, NV. $09,
Isr. Nothing would be gained by taking wpb
Vines and heeling them in, 2d. Many cultivatorn
think it is good economy to lay all grape vines
down in the winter, imply covering them witha
little earth, The vines start more vigorously, and
no evil can result frome hard winter, Drifts of
snow would not injure the vines, but be a suf-
ficient protection if constantly covered, but we
often have very severe weather without much
snow. 3d. It is better to cover the quince stock
with earth, if possible. 4th, This is the same
apple we think, although we did not an
opportunity to examine the specimens sent us,
for we placed them on exhibition at the Fruit
Grower’s Meeting, and they disappeared before
even the Fruit Committee saw them.
eee
Prazs ox Mountarn Asn, &c,—I want to know
through the Runar whether Pears will do well grafied
on the Mountsin Ash? How should they be grafted, in
the root or body of the tree? Also, will they do well
set on a dry elde bill which faces to the south? Will it
pay to raise Cherries for a market crop?—J. D., Solo,
WN. ¥., 1859.
Severat varieties of pears will succeed on the
Mountain Ash, ond this stock is said to be well
adapted to light, sandy soils. Our nurserymen
have only just earned what varieties will succeed
on the quince, and we cannot say what varieties
will grow best on Mountain Ash. Work on the
stock as near the roots as convenient. Cherries
may be grown with profit near cities that afford a
good market.
COOKING MEAT, PIE-PLANT PIE, &,
Eps. Rorau:—I am glad to see that some of the
female contributors to the Domestic Corner of
your excellent paper think there is something to
be learned in regard to the cooking of meats, as
well as making cake, It is a fact that a large
majority of our housekeepers are sadly deficient
in this branch of the culinary department; but
in this day, when so much information can be
obtained through the press, we cannot have much
excuse for not knowing the best method of cook-
ing a beefsteak or a sheep’s head and pluck for our
husband’s dinner—when he is kind enough to
provide us with the material. In alate number I
noticed a recipe for cooking beefsteak, which
would have been véry good had the salt been lft
out while cooking, for it injures it materially to
salt while broiling or frying. A very little may
be sprinkled over it when taken from the fire, or
a piece of butter will often season it enough for
most people.
Aword in regard topie-plantpie. In preparing
the stalks, I do not think it economy, or even
necessary, to peel the skin off, for I think no per-
son can tell the difference, when cooked, between
that which has been peeled and that which has
not. After itis cut in small pieces, it can easily
be washed to remoye the dust, and then, with
plenty of sugar and good crust, makes a nice pie.
And now, permit me to endorse the sentiments
a late correspondent utters about the canine race,
The women are the greutest sufferers from these
mischievous brutes, for where one saves themao
step in driving a chicken from the door, they have
to take ten to see that their pantries or cellar
doors are shut against their noses. I haye no dis-
like for a nice dog, but for my life I cannot see
the benefit of keeping one, unless it be to keep up
the price of mutton, or rob the chickens and pigs
of what justly belongs to them.
North Shenango, Penn,, 1859.
M. A. EKrxgsiry.
Ixquinies, Puaix Cooxres—Having seen in o
late number of the Rusa New-Yorker, some
recipes for dyeing, I would like to learn through
its columns, how to color woollen goods drab, or
stone color, that wil? not fade. Also, whether any
of your readers can give directions for preparing
cifron to use in cake and pies; and whether our
common citron melon is suitable for that purpose.
I send a recipe for Plain Cookies, which is very
good, thinking some of your housekeeping readers
might like to try it. Four eggs; 2 cups sugar;
14 cup of butter; 1 teaspoonful of saleratus in
milk enough to dissolve it; just enough flour to
roll ont thin. Flavor with nutmeg or carawoy
seed.—A Reaver, Audurn, WV. ¥., 1859.
Ixporsarion Wantep.—As some of the Ruran-
ists may be M. Ds., or just adout as good, can any
one give a remedy for weak eyes?—also, to re-
move a film from the eye! What is the best hair
invigorator or restorative, or what will keep the
hair from falling off? What is the best kind of
varnish to use on oil paintings, and how should
it be puton to preserve the picture from cracking ?
‘As good artists are hard to be found in the conn-
try, we poor “ farmers’ girls” have to get some
knowledge the best way we can, or be satisfied
with half-way affairs. We find by experience,
that much of the boarding-school wisdom is al! a
“‘sham,” even in the boasted “ornamental de-
partment.”—G., Prattsburgh, N. ¥.,1859,
Tomato Wixe.—As an answer to an inquiry in
the Rurat New-Yorker for making Zomato Wine,
Isend the following recipe, which I have always
found good. To one quart of juice add 3 quarts
of water, and 8 pounds of sugar, (not brown,) let
it ferment four days then bung up, and let stand
two weeks before using, Muke fromgreen toma-
4
|
pr’
U4
i
t
P)
4
tocs.—Many F. W. P., West Chester, Pit, 1869, R
Sax-sopa will bleach very white—one spoonful is 3.
enough fof a kettle of clothes. 43
$e
ETP BN
ee
ae
“6! tame we
336
SS
WHE DEAR LITTLE GIRL IS DEAD.
A witree song Is still!
‘A Mtile warble that one summer mado
So sweet a melody in our garden bowers
It brightened all the blooming of the flowers.
Alas, the garden bowers are clothed in shade,
‘The little song is still,
‘Two little fect have fed!
Two little, busy fect are heard no more
To fall as lightly os the summer rain
Upon the grass plot—ne’er to come again,
And trip in joy across our cottage floor.
The little feet baye fled.
Look upward in the night!
When you are bowed with grief and wild alarm,
See from the shining window of your star,
To beckon you to her bright homo afar,
Your loved one reaches forth her beaming arms,
Look upward in the night!
Hearken when all is still!
Can you not hear the song an angel sings?
“ Of such beaven’s kingdom is,” your God has said.
Pale mourners, from the dust lift up your heads,
And hear the music borne on zepbyr’s wings,—
Hearken when all is still!
Henceforth let murmurs cease !
“Suffer the little children,” sald the Lord,
“To come to me, of such heaven's kingdom is,”
Let sorrow cease, let faith take hold on this,
His promise —for eternal is His word.
Henceforth let murmurs cease!
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
A CHAT WITH YOUNG MOUSE-KEEPERS.
I am not going to come at my object through
any circumlocution of preface or introduction, but
stepping, in imagination, (a swifter way than by
steam,) into the sitting-rooms or kitchens of you
Lvoys, and Jennies, and Annzs, who have of late
taken upon yourselves the vows of “love, honor
and obedience,” I settle myself,—as though I
were an aunt that you had known all your liyes,—
for a comfortable and cosy chat.
I om neither a prying “old maid,” nor a med-
dling matron, however,—¢/at I must give you to
understand at once, or lose entirely the hearing
sense of my auditors, —for the days of my youth
lie not so far in the past that I have forgotten
how peculiar and incurable is the spite which
beginners in the art of ‘‘managing” have against
these neighborhood nuisances. I know notbing of
city ways or life, so I speak only to you who are
ruralists,— who, having taken upon yourselves
new responsibilities, are earnest to do for the best,
and make the most of your beginning.
First of sll,—attacking the enemy at the most
formidable point,—please don’t say to yourselves
“T guess I know enough to keep house without
going to other folks for assistance.” Perhaps
you do,—it may be that you have grown up under
the eye of a mother whom you were willing to
learn of,— yet, again, it may not be, and perbaps
something of the experience of one who has kept
“eyes and ears open” as to the ways of doing, and
the ways of leaving undone, may be of benefit in
either case. I take it for granted that you have
carried into your new sphere something of the
romance of girlhood, for only the real cares, per-
plexities and sorrows of life can entirely uproot
this, and I trust that they bave not yet fallen to
your portion. But with the romance of your new
situation, with its happiness and bright fancies,
have you room in your hearts also for thoughts of
the duties it imposes; for reflections that should
you take the wrong path at the beginning, a few
years will bring you into a maze of perplexities
and pains where you hoped to find your Eden,—a
maze from which you will find that only the clue
of Love can lead you, and that only through stern
endeavor?
You must think of this, not only after but
before you are bound by ties that nothing but
death can sever, for it is no light thing to take into
your keeping the happiness and well-being of a
heart—perhaps the destiny of a soul,
You must have ambition, — not the article that
bears the name, when it should be labeled ava-
—but ambition to do right, to be useful, to do
all that woman can do for the happiness of others,
—to be a thorough, practical keeper of the house
which is your ome.
You must have pride,—not the pride that carries
a high head in contrast with modesty, but pride in
doing well whatever you find to do,—pride that
will not let others do for you what you can and
ought to do yourself.
You must have caloulation,—not the counting of
dollars and cents along, though this is necessary
knowledge; but a quick and true perception of
the best uses of the one, five, or ten talents which
you hold, and a head clear enough to adapt your
needs to your means,
You must haye order. If the “bump” is not on
your cranium, perhaps you may think that you
are not accountable for leaving your bread-loaf in
One pan, the slices cut from it in another, and both
® tomptation to flies,—for hanging or dropping
your dish-cloth where half an hour of hunting
will not find it, or for having half your chairs in
the middle of the room, the table at right-angles
with the wall in one corner, and the curtains with
pepe nekihe au nearly at the top, and the other
Tevtpia good sides Window, but —if you want
eeperand have a happy home,
my advice is that YOu raise such bump by bring-
ing your head in contact with the next hard sub-
stance that you meet; for, though 1 pretend to no
knowledge of Phrenology, 1 have an idea that
Srdting Vies next to order, and when the latter is
not fully developed, the former has rather too
much development,—runniog into the vacant
ground adjoin
‘on must have patience. It is one of the
» ‘‘Divine attributes” in any situation, but as 5
wife and a Wouse-keeper, you must have it, or there
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
will be Joose ends in your household, temper-
flashes between its inmates, and discord generally.
“You must haye”—I might go on saying to the
last lines of a quire of paper, but I have not time
to think of all your needs for you. If you have
the will to be as nearly perfect in your sphere of
life as you may be, you will not fail to think for
yourselves, and that is all Tam writing for, —to
set you thinking. Yet I may enlarge a little on
what I have said.
There are few among young house-keepers who
have not the first requisite,—ambition,—yet there
are many who have not the right kind. It is not
iow much you can do alone, but how much you
can do well. I don’t like to see young people
lazily moderate in motion, but to my mind there is
such a thing as “going on the jump” too much.
It is destructive to shoe-leather at the least, and
in the end you seldom accomplish more; for it is
an old, a tried, and a proved saying, that “haste
makes waste.” Guard against a habit of saying,
in reference to your work, or habits of doing it,
“it would have been better, but I couldn't spent
time.’ Time is used to the very best advantage
in doing work thoroughly and well.
As to calculation, you all ought to know what it
means, for economy can’t live without it. There
are a thousand little ways in which you can plan
for convenience and comfort as well as saving, if
you try. To prove it, never consign an article to
the garret, or food to the pig-trougb, until you have
thought in vain of a way to make it useful.
But you must think for yourselves, I say again.
The secret of all success lies in this, yet how few
think it applicable or necessary in just keeping
house! Try it,—sit down to the task; for it will
be one if you are not used to it, and if you do not
find it the best oil ever applied to domestic
machinery, you may doubt the word of
Oak Grove Farm, N. Y,, 1859. Aunt Marr,
ee
THE LITTLE HAND,
Tue little hand! bless it, how confidingly it is
placed with our own. It trusts in its helplessness
and weakness for guidance. Every nerve rests
tranquilly, as its tiny fingers are encircled by a
firmand loving grasp. Watch the footsteps of the
little one as he ranges the lawn, and with his little
hand he gathers the purple violets, and with child-
ish glee he strews them around, His dark eyes
look up roguisbly as he runs laughingly on saying,
“ Catch me if you can.”
How lovingly the little hand entwines its tiny
fingers amoug your curls, or clasping them at your
knee, lisps outan infant's prayer that speaks peace
to the troubled heart as if an angel's voice had
whispered it from heaven. Beautiful childhood!
would it could be always shielded from harshness,
from corroding care, and corrupt influence. Look
at little hands stretched out for help from a harsh
father, or an intemperate mother. There are five
little ones, the eldest not more than seven, with
large dark eyes and curling hair. She stands in
front of a band of little ones, singing and keeping
time with her little hands, for there are none to
molest or make her afraid. She has been taken
away from the dark fate that awaited her child-
hood’s home, and the beautiful boy that she points
out as her brother, that unnatural mother bad
placed a rope around his neck to strangle him, but
was discovered and arrested in her dark design,
in time to save hislife, There he is, not four years
old, with a doll in hand, and he looks up, his
face radiant with smiles, as he replies to our simple
question of ‘are you fondof dolls?” Hehaslarge
dark eyes, and a noble head; we could predict a
splendid career for him in the future, if rightly
guided.
Little hands are all around us, seeking for guid?
ance, relying upon the protecting influence of those
older than themselves. Would that we kept onr-
selves pure, so that we could perform our duty
faithfully and well. Thatnature must be hardened
indeed that can see a tear drop fall from the eyes
of childhood, or the little hand stretched out in
vain,
Who cannot recall to mind little hands they
have caressed and tenderly cared for, that have
now passed on to the spirit land? Our darlings
were laid to rest in their narrow house, their little
hands filled with white rose buds, the last of sum-
mer’s offering. Though now all unseen to our
mortal gaze, their angel hands are still inyisible
ministers of love, drawing us to them in their
beautiful home. Cherish, then, the little hand, and
guard and guide it while you may, for it is an
angel in your household, You know not how soon
their wings will unfold and soar upward and on-
ward into the world of love and light, leaving you
in your anguish to mourn and lament oyer their
brief stay, Blessed memories of the little hands
that haye clung to you in their simple, child-like
faith ond trust. Oh! may those memories never
be Jaden with harshness or unkindness, “for of
such is the Kingdom of Heaven.”—Aothers’ Mag.
————_+o-______.
Frrenpsuir.—We know that cartbly affection is
deepened and intensified by increased familiarity
with its object. The friendship of yesterday is not
the sacred, hallowed thing, which years of grow-
ing intercourse have matured. If we may with
reverence apply this test to the highest type of
holy affection, (that love which dwelt in the bosom
of the Father from all eternity towards his Son,)
what must baye been that interchange of love
which the measureless lapse of eternity had fos-
tered—a love, moreover, not fitful, transient,
vacillating, subject to altered tones and estranged
looks—but pure, constant, untainted, without one
shadow of turning! And yet, listen to the words
of Jesus, “‘ As the Father hath loved me, 40 have I
loved you/” It would have been infinitely more
than we had reason to expect, if He had said, “As
my Father hath loved Ancets, so have I loved
you.” But the love borne to no finite being is an
appropriate symbol.
—_+e+—____.
Tie wears slippers of list, and his tread is
noiseless. The days come softly dawning, one af-
ter another; they creep in at the windows; their
fresh morning air is grateful to the lips that part
for it; their music is sweet to the ears that listen
to it; until, before we know it, a whole life of days
‘has possession of the citadel, and time has taken
us for its own,
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
GIVING.
Iv o'er thy suony pathway
A shadow dark is thrown;
Orin a heart of purity
Some evtlaecds are sown —
Koow, then, the voice of duty
By thee bas oft been spurned,
Or, from the poor, the lowly,
‘Thy footsteps have been turned.
Kind words thou hast not givon—
The mourner's heart to cheer;
Or from the suffrers eyolids deignod
To wipe away a tear;
No voice amid earth's weary ones
Doth riso, thy name to bless;
‘No wonder earth seems dark and lone,
Or life a wilderness.
O, wouldat thou find some gentle balm
To sooth these shadowy hours,
Go forth amid the lowllest ones
And scatter Joyous flowers;
Give gentle words—give freely
From thy heart's secret store —
Nor think the blessing lavished
Will come to thee no more;
For, oh! if on the wators
Thy broad is freely cast,
Ne’er deem it lost, for plenteously
It will return at last;
If fortune’s smile thy path tllumes,
And life seems glad aad froe,
Give freely, oh, give thankfully,
As Gop hath given thee,
South Danby, N. Y., 1859. Marr A.B.
Written for Moore’s Rural New-Yorker,
A MAGAZINE OF THE LAST CENTURY.
Looxrne over a collection of old volumes, the
other day, I found s magazine printed in London,
in 1777,— a volume which, I doubt not, my great-
grand-mother read, many long years ago, with as
great pleasure as in these modern days her un-
worthy descendants peruse the pages of the At/an-
tic, or columns of the weekly newspaper. Each
No. contains about fifty pages of reading matter,
and romance, fashions, family government, medi-
cine, philosophy, French tales, poetry and music,
afford a sufficient if not a select quantity of reading
material. The yolume is embellished by a variety
of wonderful copper-plate engravings. The first
of these represents a lady of rank seated before
her mirror, while her maid, who stands bebind her,
is performing the difficult task of hair-dressing. —
A large number of na pins, with ornamental
heads, form a sort of crown in connection with a
large puff above her brow. Her robe is trimned
with an immense quantity of ruffles and flounces,
which would make one groan, even to think of
making. Her father, her lover, and a page, are
all present, watching, with evident interest, the
structure which is being reared. The page plays
the guitar, the lover assists the maid by passing
the hair pins, and the father, seated near, with his
hand raised and a smile of pleased surprise on his
countenance, admires her beauty.
Tn another No. is a charming representation of a
lady's head-dress, ‘A la Zodiague.”’ Near each
ear are five curls of various dimensions, the re-
mainder of the hair being combed over on im-
mense cushion at the back of the head. This
cusbion is several times larger than the head, and
in the form of a hemisphere. Around this is a
band upon which the signs of the Zodiac are em-
broidered in gold and silver, jewels representing
stars ornament its extensive surface, and over the
left ear is a half moon. Do we wonder that a cen-
tury ago hair-dressing was considered one of the
fine arts!
Lysipas and Exrripa illustrate a pastoral tale.
Sheep and cows, the most distant of which, in vio-
lation of ‘all perspective, are as large as those
nearer the foreground, walk with great com-
placency down perpendicular hills, and unexpect-
edly find themselves in very small valleys and be-
hind very singular trees. Four pages of “ poeti-
cal essays” are inserted in each No., in most of
which some rustic swain, bewailing his lot,
threatens to retire from public life aud take up his
abode in some lonely cave.
Tn the “Foreign News” the speedy surrender of
the rebel army is prophesied, and the victories of
the English troops and the humanity of General
Howe, spoken of in the highest terms of praise, —
The most amusing thing, however, is an account
of “the trial of Mr. Honve fora libel.” The first
charge is that an advertisement bas been inserted
in the Public Advertiser, “ purporting to be anac-
count of the Constitutional Society having met on
the 7th of June, and agreed that the sum of £100
should be raised, to be applied to the relief of the
widows, orphans, and aged parents of our beloved
American fellow subjects, who, Jaithful to the
character of Englishmen, perferring death to
slavery, were for ¢at reason only inbumanly mur-
dered by the King’s troops near Lexington, or Con-
cord.” This was signed by Jou Horne, and for
this offense, after long, and what now seemsa
very amusing trial, he was sentenced to pay a fine
of £200, to be imprisoned twelve months, and at
the expiration of that time to give security for his
good behavior for three years.
A magazine of the Jast century! There flits be-
fore my mental vision scenes of those. good old
English days—lords and ladies, and more com-
mon folk clad in garments to the fashion of which
the nineteenth century is a stranger —groups of
eager listeners gathered around the “ keeping-
room” fire to hear news of the war — fathers with
listening ears, and mothers with anxious counten-
ances — the one eager to hear of & son's bravery—
the other anxious lest the news should be of defeat
and death, And then there rises @ far off view of
a cistant land—a land thought by many a sturdy
Englishman to be fit only for the dwelling place of
Indians and wild beasts —a country beyond the
boundaries of civilization, present or prospective.
But now,—who need comment on the changes
which eighty years hath wrought?
Mes. J. W. Wi
Zambrots, Minn., 1859. peas
ee
PROSE POETRY.
Tue poet-editor of the Chicago Journal, B. F,
Taytor, Dsq., gives the following beautiful des-
cription of the Northern Lights, that were so bril-
liantly displayed recently :
Taz Norrnern Liouts.—If we could always got
change for that noble word-coin, “ Aurora,” and
think of ayrea hora—the golden hour—we should
like “Aurora Borealis” better;—the northern
golden hour, the northern morning. Anda gold-
en hour it was on Sunday evening last, when thou-
sands of eyes brightened in the colored lights that
shone through God's painted window in the north,
Its only parallel within our remembrance was
eight years ago, when we penned a little descrip-
tion that is as fanciful as was the display. Howit
seemed to us was wrapped up in a rhyme for con-
venient transportation; and here is the whole of
ibe
To claim the Arctic came the Sun
With banners bright of burning zone,
Unfurl'd, they streamed from airy spars,
And frozo beneath the light of stars,
But the prose part of the description capered
after this wise: Last night, the moon, in a new
coat of silver, rode high in the west, while in the
north and north-east, pure, pearly white, overlaid
the blue—then deepened to an orange—then turn-
ed to a crimson; until it looked like a pillar of fire
in the wilderness, or a daguerreotype of sunset—
Anon it changed; the crimson was pink; the blue,
a blush; and the pearl a delicate green.
What they were doing up aloft, is more than we
know. Whether rehearsing sunset or sunrise;
shifting scenes for the never to-be-performed drama
of “To-morrow ;” or spreading out rainbows on
the upper decks to dry, is a mystery.
Now and then, white, silvery looking spars were
lifted from the northern horizon, and converged in
the zenith; and it occurred to us, that, may be,
they were repairing this great blue tent we live
under, and that we saw the blue spars and thered
linings of the curtains that were thrown up, to
keep them out of the way of the aerial craftsmen,
And then again, as it crimsoned, and pearled, and
clouded so exquisitely, we fancied it might be Heay-
en's grand pattern for sea shells to tint by, dis-
covered at last.
And once more, such a beam, nay, cloud of red
light, streamed out into the night, and over the
stars, that we would be sure it must come from
Heaven's painted window, and that somebody—
perhaps somebody that we once knew and loved—
was passing to and fro, giving us, without the
walls, a glimpse or two of the glory within. And
who knew thatit might not be the evening of some
forgotten and long past yesterday, thus “revisitr
ing the glimpses of the moon,”—one that you and
we loved, and have sighed for, more than we could
care to tell, and would give a dozen to-morrows to
see again,
As we looked, it changed, and the heaven, from
far below the “dipper” to the zenith, was a flut-
ter. Through the silver lace-work shone the stars,
and the blue and the galaxy itself. What coudd it
be, but the dim scarfs of the loved and lost, thus
waved in token of remembrance to the earth be-
neath? And why not? How beautiful and how
calm lay that earth beneath the great Argus sky!
The eyes of hundreds were turned towards heaven,
that, during the broad and glaring days forget
there is a heaven, and a treasure init, They re-
membered it then, and remembered it in turn.—
Ab! if our fancies were only half true! But while
we gazed and mused, the vision vanished; the
window was curtained, the rehearsal over, the sea
shells taught their lesson, the tent ‘‘as good as
new,” the last scene shifted, and the old yesterday
faded out.
—+.
BEWARE OF PARTING.
Butwenr, the master novelist, writes a reflection
which will appeal to the sensibilities of every man
and woman :
“There is one warning lesson in life which few
of us haye not received, and no book that I can
call to memory has noted down with an adequate
explanation, Itis this, ‘Beware of parting!’ The
true sadness is not in the pain of the parting, itis
in the When and How you are to meet again with
the face about to vanish from your view! From
the passionate farewell to the woman who has
your heart in her keeping, to the cordial good-
by exchanged with pleasant companions at a
watering-place, a country-house, or the close of a
festive day’s blithe, or a careless excursion—a
cord, stronger or weaker, is snapped asunder in
every parting, and Time's busy fingers are not
practiced in re-splicing broken ties. Meet again
youmay; willitbe again in thesame way? With
the same sympathies? With the same sentiments?
Will the souls, hurrying on in divers paths, unite
once more, as if the interval had been a dream?
Rarely, rarely! Have you not, after even a year,
even a month's absence, returned to the same
place, found the same groups re-assembled, and
yet sighed to yourself, ‘But where is the charm
that once breathed from the spot, and once smiled
from the faces?’ A poet said, ‘Eternity itself
cannot restore the loss struck from the minute.’
Are you happy in the spot in which you tarry with
the persons whose voices are now melodious to
your ear? Beware of parting! or, if part you
must, say not in insolent defiance to Time and
Destiny —‘What matters! we shall soon meet
again.’ Alas, and alas! when we think of the lips
which murmured—‘Soon meet sgain,’ and remem-
ber how in heart, seul, and thought, we stood
forever divided the one from the other, when once
more, face to face, we each only exclaimed, ‘Met
again |’"”
_—___—_+e+—_____
Ose contented with what he has done in this
world, stands but a very small chance of becoming
famous for all he may do hereafter, He has laid
down, and the grass will soon be growing over him.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
“GoD's FIRST TEMPLES.”
BY ELLEN 0, LAKE,
“Tie groves were Gop's first fomples, Ah, why
should we, in the world’s rl per years, neglect Gon'’s
ancient sanctuaries?”
No sound of solemn organ-tones
Breaks through the quict air,
No chiming of cathedral bells
‘The winds of summer bear;
No gorgeous arches echo back
The hymulng of our praise,
No marble pillars make the strongth
Of temples hero upraised,
Only the whispers of the wind
Under the maple bough,
Blent with the joy-bymna of the birds
In the rippling muasle’s flow;
Only the clear and holy calm,
‘The silent alr of rest,
Wake to a life both trae and warm,
‘The faith within our breasts,
OF old tho prophets stood and apake
Where’er the spirit bade—
We of these years go up to pray
Only in churchly shade,
Bat struck apart from other souls
By wounds of pain or sin,
Tho changeless temple of our Gop
Calls us to enter in,
Under their arches, brond and deep,
One Eye alone can see,
One Priest doth shrive and comfort us
Wohate'er our pain may be;
For all the mysteries of the creed
Are compassed by a word,
The Love that ransomed us, for love
All prayers of earth hath heard.
Charlotte Centre, N. Y., 1859,
——_____ ses
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
SELF -KNOWLEDGE.
“Know Tayse1! is one of the most compre-
hensive precepts in the whole moral system. It
was considered of such yast importance by the
ancients that it constituted one of the three pre-
cepts consecrated in golden letters at the temple
of Delphos, and was supposed to have been given
originally by Arotto himself. As that idolatrous,
superstitious people conjectured that this sublime
precept originated with their Gop, and was trans-
mitted to them from heaven, should not we in this
enlightened age, ferret out its origin, and strive to
comprehend and appreciate its value? What they
conjectured we are sure of. This oracle is uttered
and unfolded to us in many ways in the revelation
of Gop’s word. One great design of thescripturesis
to teach man to know himself,—to know his fallen
and deprayed condition by nature, and his incli-
nation to remove still further from the standard of
virtue.
Self-knowledge is commendable, because it is
the root of all wholesome information, Man
should know what he is, that he may know what
he is to be, and have some faint idea of what he
canbe. It teaches man his mental capacities, his
deficiencies, his most prominent traits of charac-
ter, and his besetting sins. It points out too fully
developed passions, which need subduing, and it
brings to light those weak points which need
guarding and fortifying. It is the keystone in the
fabric which man is rearing for himself. It is the
trusty pilotwho can guide with unerring hand our
barque across the troubled sea of life; and steer
our course from those siren isles which so often
wreck the thoughtless voyager. This knowledge
is preferable because it is attainable by all persons.
To become versed in it does not require that depth
of thougbt and force of penetration which is de-
manded by the sciences; those of common capacity
can call home their rambling thoughts, turn them
in upon themselves, and watch the motions and
intents of the heart. To do this effectually, we
haye got to raise that veil which the deceit of the
heart has thrown around us, and discharge the
fawning sycophant and delusive flatterer who has
so long stood sentinel at the door, forbidding the
admittance of ambassadors of truth and inspection.
When this is done, we can then probe the heart in
all its labyrinths and reveal the dormant germ and
hidden sin. We shall then have access to the
fountain head, where we can search out the bane
which has alloyed its source, and poisoned the
whole stream. We shall find the bitter waters of
self-secking, sweeter than the waters of the Gan-
ges to its Hindoo worshipers. Though the master-
mind of the royal sage, feast on the mysteries of
wisdom, yet shall ignorance of self bow down the
spirit of a Socomon to idols. J. 3.
Prospect Hill, N. Y., 1859.
———_—— ——o7-
Don’t take your Bible and say, “I don't want to
read it, but I suppose I must,” nor your byma
book, and say, “I don’t want to sing, but I guess
I had better ;—don’t say, “I don’t want to pray,
but I will, and keep praying till I do feel like it.”
Tam in the habit of likening the Savior in my
thoughts to some great and noble friend—don't
you suppose, if you went to the door of such a
friend and said to him, ‘I did not want to see you
a bit to-day, but I was afraid you would feel hurt
if [did not come, and would treat me according-
ly,” that he would say, “ If you don't want to see
me, I am sure I don't want to see you;” and do
you suppose that God is less delicate in friendship
than an earthly friend ?—Beecher.
—_——_+or————
Gon's Bouxry.—The flowers do not implore the
gun to meet them. He looks down with genial
warmth, and draws them forth from the dark
ground to rejoice in his light. And why should
we implore God to grant us the spiritual mercies
we desire, as if He were cold and unwilling, when
over us He bangs, like the sun over the earth, rich
in all bounty, and longing to bestow it?
‘
5 EE — —_ OAOOONHST[T—--"onOc1..] 7 SS
Ee, SHE
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
THE ART OF TEACHING.
Muon bas been said and written upon this
subject, yet how few of our educators seem to
understand anything of the real and proper method
of imparting instruction. Generally speaking,
some youth, just emanicipated from the confine-
ment of the district school, where he has, perhaps,
“been through the Arithmetic,” and obtained a
slight smattering of English Grammar, Geogra-
phy, &c., imagines himself fully prepared to teach
‘young ideas how to shoot,” and thus equipped
he starts forth in quest of employment. This
obtained, he commences the usual routine of hear-
ing recitations, solying problems, and the thou-
sand-and-one duties which present themselves
with each revolving day, The children measure
his capability to teach by the readiness with which
he answers their arithmetical puzzles,—and the
parents judge of hia proficiency and success by
the rapid strides with which their offspring march
through their text books,—the number of times
they have been through their readers,—and the
favorable account the children bring home of their
wonderful proficiency in their various branches of
study.
Here, it appears to me, is one cause of the many
imperfect teachers. The standard by which the
public judge is an improper one. Rapidity is
taken for thoroughness; a knowledge of words
instead of a knowledge of things; and until this
standard is changed—until the public mind be-
comes aware of the fact that no one is properly
educated in any branch of science, until he is thor-
oughly acquainted with the principles upon which
that science is founded, the crop of poorinstructors
willbelarge. Forinstance, in studying Arithmetic,
it is better to go threugh once, with a thorough
analysis of its principles and rules,—even if only
1 few examples under each head are solyed—than
@ score of times, in the semi-mechanical method
which is so much in vogue at the present day.
Yet this change must be made by the teacher
himself. He must labor to impress the truth of
these facts upon the minds of his pupils, and
through them to reach and influence the minds of
the parents, Could this be done thoroughly and
systematically, a vast improvement would be made
in our educational system, and a step of great
importance taken toward the acme of literary
excellence.
This subject, when viewed in its proper light,
goes far toward showing the vast responsibility
which rests upon the school-teacher. Upon him
not only rests the duty of instructing the young,
but of diverting the public mind from its false
position and pointing it to that which is true,—
tearing off the veil which ignorance and prejudice
has placed upon their eyes, and holding trath
up to their view in all its fair proportions. And
as he comes in contact with error in its thousand
forms, and prejndices and biases as peculiar and
various as the individuals who possess them, he
must be a man of great originality and invention,—
one whose head is well stored with useful knowl-
edge, whose reading has been varied and extensive,
and whose eye is ever open to the true interests
of society, both old and young. This is a subject
worthy of the deep and earnest attention of every
one interested in our National and individual
prosperity, aud one which presents itself not only
to the teacher but to every one in any way con-
nected with our Educational System.
Harlem, Del, Co., O,, 1859. L, Doria.
ee eee
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
PHYSIOLOGY IN SCHOOLS,
How greatly this important branch is neglected
in our common schools. Even teachers them-
selves are ignorant of this study. I think the
assertion can be sustained, that one-half of the
District School Teachers of this State do not
understand Physiology. They do not know the
number of bones in the human system, nor the
number of pulsations of the heart, unless they
have learned by observation. j
Now, it is my belief that every teacher should
be able to pass an examination in Physiology, as
much as Grammar. Although it is not taught by
means of text books, itcan be taken up as a lecture
during the time of general exercise. This is
accomplished very easily in the country where you
haye everything athand. You can easily procure
the different parts of an animal, and dissect and
explain the functions of different parts in a plain
andconyincing manner. Youcannotimagine what
on interest this will create, and the anxiety with
which the scholars will await the return of the
general exercise, for they know something good is
coming.
It will not only excite the children, but it will
pat some new ideas in the heads of the parents,
giving them a good impression of the teacher.
When we see the benefit that is derived from a few
minutes’ labor, and observe how much difference
such lectures have caused, then will we witness
and feel the teacher's true reward. Fellow Teach-
ers, try this, and if my views are tight, you will
succeed.
Prospect, Oneida Co,, N. Y., 1859,
—+--—______
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKEER.
THE CLOSE
OF SCHOOL,
tao
oe
C—s
oo 8 6
“8-5
1. Our tasks are said, our work is done,
2. Our parents dear shall know how well
Our things are in their places -
Our les - sons we've re - peated:
= Hee Tes ee
to our homes we'll quickly run,
all to them we'll surely tell,
Now
For
===
With cheerfal hearts and faces,
“As round the hearth we're seated,
fee es Sees eae
in his love,
7~
+
For well we know that
Our teacher's heart re - joices,
8
=
4. So now we part in right g
ood cheer, Nor feel a touch of
So
9
La
We'll gladly go; but,
f
[
teacher dear,
We'll all come back to - morrow.
“oe
iS ere niaee sac
is less frankness in its ayowal. The confinement
of children st so early an sge must be prejudicial
to the proper development of their physical pow-
ers. Action is as necessary to the health of a
little child, as the atmosphere is to life. To keep
achild still and unoccupied, is doing violence to
its physical nature, In its very sports and plays,
a child may be learning what are, for its age, the
most important and practical lessons.
It is true, a precocious development may be
secured, by a premature stimulus of the mind,
carried on in advance, and to the neglect of physi-
cal and moral training. Dr. Johnson’s suggestive
question, ‘‘Wbat becomes of all the clever chil-
dren” fitly indicates the value of such precocity.
A few years ago, infant schools suddenly became
yery numerous, and little lispers astonished won-
dering spectators by their ready answers, from
“Tnfant Philosophy,” “Physiology made easy,” etc.
Some thought a new era in education was about to
dawn upon the world, and predicted that those
precocious prattlers were the harbingers of “the
good time coming.” Time, however, has not veri-
fied their predictions. But the eager attempts
still made in certain directions, to convert our
schools into nurseries, show that some vestiges of
this exploded theory still remain. The number of
children under five, attending Public Schools in
Massachusetts, the last year, was 12,570. It is
gratifying to observe that there was a decrease for
the year of 1,238.—Massachusetts Teacher.
—————— oe
Scuoot Linearres.—The benefits of a well-
selected school library in every school-room in the
State surpass computation. The good books in
them would be useful for reference not only during
the sessions, of school, but would_keep many fr
idleness and vice, from sorrow and despair, when
no otber but these silent and impressive monitors
and teachers were present. They would admonish
and teach our youth and bless our homes the
whole year. They would banish from among us
the hurtful literature so cheaply and abundantly
furnished, with tempting pictures, at every corner.
If our youth are taught to read they will read
something. If parents do not see that reading, in
cheap form, is thrown in their way, bad men will.
These good books would form a correct taste for
reading, which could not afterwards well be per-
verted, leading to habits of inquiry which must
result in better citizenship, wealth and a happier
state of society, The quickening, conservative
and elevating influence of such a library in every
town can require no argument.—Hon. Jonathan
Tenney.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
WEYER’S CAVE—No. I.
Tus celebrated Caye is situated in the Valley of
Virginia, seventeen miles north of Staunton, and
near the western base of the Blue Ridge. It was
discovered in the year 1804, by Bennanp Weyer,
afox-hunter, who, while searching for a lost trap,
thus stumbled upon immortality.
The entire length of the Cave, in a direct line,
is about sixteen hundred feet, but this distance is
nearly doubled by the numerous branchings and
windings of its passages, In height it varies from
four to ninety feet. The floor is dry and hard, but
the walls are constantly wet with the lime-water
which trickles from above. These drippings in
time form the beautiful incrustations and strangely
life-like statues which people almost every room
of this subterranean palace,
At the time of its discovery the entrance was so
small as to make the Cave somewhat difficult of
access, but the present owner has removed the
rocks by blasting, so that 1 man may enter stand-
ing nearly erect. Passing for some distance
through a narrow and irregular passage, the ceil-
ing suddenly lifts, the walls expand, and the
“Guard Room” is before us. Around the walls
are ranged rows of pale images, resembling, by
VERY YOUNG CHILDREN AT scHoon,
Ture statistics show that a large number of chil-
dren are sent to school at too early anage. We
sometimes hear parents object to the rule adopted
by Committees, excluding all under four, and, in
some towns, five years of age. It is a question
whether the limit should not be higher than lower.
In some cases it is frankly acknowledged that
“they are sent to school to get them out of the
'y,”' and, as this educational fever is intermittent
and hebdomadal, uniformly most prevalent on
Mondays, the motive may be no better where there
the dim light of the candles, groups of statuary,
and appropriately called the “Guards.” In the
center of the arched roof is an opening bordered
with brilliant stalactites, which reveals to us o
lofty dome, surrounded with columns and hung
with gorgeous drapery.
From this room a passage sixty feet in length,
and terminating with a descent of thirteen feet,
brings us into “Solomon's Temple.” Here wa
find an elevated seat, glittering with snowy stalac-
tites and bung with elaborately wrought drapery,
which is called the “Throne.” In a corner of the
Same room a beautiful stalactite depends from the
roof, exactly resembling a chandelier, while just
behind and beneath it the formations resemble a
pulpit and desks. Strangely out of keeping with
the rest of the room is @ mass of rock called
“Niagara Falls.” So perfect is the resemblance
to a cataract that we can almost fancy s time when
some magic wand touched the plunging waters
and foaming spray and changed them into stone.
Just above the cataract a stalagmite, somewhat
similar in form to a man in the act of leaping, is
called “Sam Parca.”
Next in order in the guide-book, though not
in order as we visited the rooms, is the “Shell
Room.” This, formerly called the “ Radish Room,”
is remarkable for the beautiful formations which
adorn its roof. Thousands of small stalactites,
various in color and form, depend from the ceil-
ing, and as the guide lifted his light among them,
the pendant crystals, with drops of lime-water
sparkling among them, assumed a brilliancy
which recalled to the mind the wonders of ALAp-
rn’s palace.
Passing through the “ Porter's Lodge,” a long,
narrow room of no special attraction, we enter
the “Pantheon,” and leaving the direct route,
gain access to the ‘‘ Lawyer’s Office,” a room fitted
up with strange imitations of boxes, benches,
rolls of parchment and other legal paraphernalia.
In the floor is a reservoir of delicious water, cool,
and clear as crystal, from which visitors are accus-
tomed to refresh themselves. Still keeping out of
the main way we visit ““ Werer’s Hall,” where o
couple of stone figures are pointed out, which the
imagination, with considerable effort, transforms
into the fortunate hunter and his dog. The third
and most interesting of these side rooms is called
the Armory.” It contsins many magnificent
stalactites, numbers of which beara strange re-
semblance to the Varrsus Implements uf-war-— 0;
of these, the “‘Shield of Ajax,” is surrounded
with armorial accompaniments, and in a hall dedi-
cated to Mars, seems well placed and appropriately
named. BertHa Mortimer,
— ee
A LIST OF WONDERS.
Amone the thousands of marvelous inventions
which American genius has produced within the
last few yeurs, are the following, compiled from
the Patent Office Report:
The report explains the principles of the cele-
brated Hobbs Lock. Its ‘‘unpickability” depends
upon a secondary or false set of tumblers, which
touches the real ones. Moreover, the lock is pow-
der-proof, and may be loaded through the key hole
and fired off till the burglar is tired of his fruitless
work, or fears that the explosions will bring to
view his experiments more witnesses than he
desires.
A harpoon is described which makes the whale
kill himself. The more he pulls the line, the
deeper goes the harpoon.
An ice-making machine has been patented,
which is worked by asteamengine, In an experi-
mental trial, it froze several bottles of sherry and
produced blocks of ice the size of cubic foot,
when the thermometer was up to eighty degrees.
It is calculated that for every tun of coal put into
the furnace, it wilt make s tun of ice,
From Dr. Dale’s examiner's report, we gather
some idea of the value of patents. A man who
had madea slight improvement in straw-cutters,
took a model of his machine through the Western
States, and after a tour of eight months, returned
with forty thousand dollars, Another man had a
machine to thresh and clean grain, which in fifteen
months, he sold for sixty thousand dollars. These
are ordinary cases—while such inventions as the
telegraph, the planing machine and India rubber
patents, are worth millions each.
Examiner Lane's report describes new electrical
inventions. Among thes¢ is an electrical whaling
apparatus by which the whale is literally “shocked
to death.” Another is an electro-magnetic alarm,
which rings bells and displays signals in case of
fire and burglars, Another is an electric clock,
which wakes you up, tells you what time it is, and
lights o lamp for you at any hour you please,
There is a “(sound gatherer,” a sort of huge ear-
trumpet, to be placed in front of s locomotive,
bringing to the engineer's ears all the noise ahead,
perfectly distinct, notwithstanding the noise of the
train,
There is an invention that picks up pins from a
confused heap, turns them around with their
heads up, and then sticks them in papers in regu-
lar rows.
Another goes through the whole process of
cigar making, taking in leaves and turning out
finished cigars,
One machine cuts cheese; another one scours
the knives and forks; and another rocks the
cradle; and seven or eight take in washing and
ironing,
There is a parlor chair patented that cannot be
tipped back on two legs—and a railway chair
that can be tipped back in any position without
any legs at all.
ae b
Another patent is for a machine that counts
passengers in an omnibus and takes their fare.
When a very fat gentleman gets in, it counts two
and charges double.
There are a variety of guns patented that load
themselyes; a fishing line that adjusts its own
bait, and a rat trap which throws away the rat,
and then baits itself, and stands in the corner for
another.
There is a machine, also, by which a man prints
instead of writes his thoughts. It is played like
a piano forte. And speaking of pianos, it is esti-
mated that nine thousand sre made every year in
the United States, giving constant employment to
one thousand nine hundred persons, and costing
over two millions of dollars.
—————__+e+—_____
ARTESIAN WELLS.
Tue Columbus (Ohio) Gazette gives the follow-
ing account of the boring of an artesian well in the
State Capital grounds of that city:
At the depth of 123 feet below the surface, the
auger first struck a hard limestone rock, and at
149 feet limestone waterappeared; at 180 feet, sul-
phur; and at 675 feet salt water veins were struck.
At 684 fect slate or shale rock was reached, thro’
which the auger penetrated to the depth of 1,974
feet. Atthe depth of 1,445 feet, iron tubing was
inserted for 226 feet in length, which prevents the
brittle, soft, shelly rock from filling up the cavity.
On Monday morning last, the borings indicated
the presence of sand rock, giving the most flatter-
ing prospects of a near approach to water. On
Wednesday last the anger reached a depth of 1,990
feet, sinking from four to five feet every twenty-
| four hours. The workmen are more encouraged
at this time than they haye ever been heretofore,
and we shall not be at all surprised to hear of the
entire success of the experiment.
The strata perforated by the auger may be set
down as follows:—Loam, sand and gravel, 125
feet; and sand rocks 14feet. The bore of the well
to the depth of 1,700 feet is 44¢ inches in diameter;
below that 31¢ inches. The cost of the work thus
far is about $9,000,
There is an Artesian well at Louisville, Ky., of
three inch bore, and 2,086 feet deep. The water
rises by its own pressure, when confined in tubes,
170 feet above the surface, and itis said discharges
260 gallons per minute. The St. Louis Artesian
well at Belcher’s sugar refinery, is 2,199 feet deep,
and the water rises 75 feet above the surface of the
ground. Some of the salt wells near the Ohio,
Muskingum and Hocking rivers, are from 1,500 to
2,000 feet deep.
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
GEOGRAPHICAL ENIGMA.—ACROSTICAL,
I awe composed of 15 letters.
My 1,5, 3, 7, 14, 7, 9, 10, 8, 5 ts a county in Virginia,
My 2, 10, 9, 9 fs a county in Kentucky.
My 8, §, 2, 10, 7 is a county in Michigan.
My 4,8, 7, 9, 18, 6, 2, 10, 7 is a county in Kentucky.
My 5, 14, 18, 18 is a county in Georgia,
My 6, 18, 4, 8, 16, 10 is a county in Texas,
My 7, 14, 1, 5 is a county in North Carolina,
My §, 2, 5, 8, 7, 15 is a county in Ohio.
My 9, 14, 9, 8 is a county in Georgia.
My 10, 15, 8, 12, 6 is a county in Missouri.
My 11, 4, 15, 10, 7 is a county Ia Georgia,
My 12, 6, 7, 3, 1, 6, 8 is. a county in Michigan.
My 18, 10, 12, 8, 7 is a county in [linols.
My 14, 11, 12, 11, 15, 2, § is a county in Virginia.
My 15, 2, 6, 4, 6, 8, 7, 15, 10,7 1s a county {n Illinois,
My whole is a distinguished Statesman.
Toaco, Michigan, 1859, A. O. Haven.
2" Answer in two weeks,
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
ALGEBRAICAL PROBLEM.
A ranmen has four flocks of sheep, In the second
are four more than nine times the equare root of one-
fourth the number in the frat The third contains
double the number in the first and second, and the
fourth ten more than one-elghth the number in the third.
The whole number in the four flocks is 843; how many
are there in each flock? A.0.P.
Genoa, N, Y,, 1859,
(2 Answer in two weoks.
ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS, &c., IN No, 508,
‘Answer to Miscellaneous Enigma:—Knavery is the
worst trade,
Answer to Problem:—They can. Length 168, and
Width 160 rods.
THE ODORS WE ENJOY.—CAMPHOR.
Tsar solid, concrete substance called Camphor,
is known to all Young Ruralists, for we doubt if
there is any one thing more generally found in the
houses throughout the country, notevenexcepting
our National Narcotic—tobacco. Some one has
said, ‘‘concerning the simplest and most familiar
objects men are too apt to be the least informed,”
and asthis may be the case with Camphor, we
take an illustration of its source, together with a
description of varieties and mode of manufacture,
from Jounston’s Chemistry of Common Life,
hoping our young readers will be gratified there-
with, Seale, one inch to twenty feet. Scale for
flower and leaf, one inch to four inches.
CAMPHOR TREE AND LEAF.
“There are seyeral known varieties of camphor.
The two most familiar in commerce, are the cam-
phor of Japan, called also Dutch camphor, because
it is usually brought to Europe by the Dutch, and
the China orFormosacamphor. Every part of the
camphor tree (Zaurus camphora) is impregnated
with the perfume. Itis extracted by chopping the
branches and boiling them in water; the camphor
rises to the surface, and becomes solid, when the
water is afterwards allowed to cool.
The odor of the camphors is powerful, very
characteristic, and to many persons very agreea-
able. Itis used for scenting soaps, tooth-powders,
and numerous other preparations for the toilet,
What is called Borneo eamphoris obtained from
a different tree (Dryobalanops), but by the action
of nitric acid is converted into common camphor.
An artificial camphor also is prepared from oil of
turpentine; but it does not possess the composi~
tion or fragrance of the laurel camphor, and can-
not be used as a substitute for it.”
—___+e+______
NOBLE SENTIMENTS,
Ts isanagreeable world, afterall. Ifwe would
only bring ourselves to look at the subjects that
surround us in their true light, we should see
beauty where we behold deformity, and look and
listen to harmony where we heard nothing but
discord. To be sure, there is a great deal of vexa-
tion and anxiety to meet—we cannot sail on a
summer sea forever, yet, if we preserve & calm
eye and a steady hand, we can so trim our sails
and manage our helm, as to avoid the quicksands
and weather storms that threaten shipwreck. We
are members of one great family; we are trayel-
ing the same road and shall arrive at the same
goal. We breath the same air, are subject to the
same duty, and shall lie down upon the bosom of
our common mother. It is unbecoming, then,
that brother should hate brother; it is not proper
that friend should deceive friend; it is not right
that neighbor should deceive neighbor.
We pity that man who can harbor enmity
against his fellows; he loses balf the enjoyment of
life; he embitters his own existence. Let us tear
from your eyes the colored medium that invests
with the green hue of jealousy and suspicion; turn
a deaf ear to scandal; breathe a spirit of charity
from your hearts; let the rich gushings of human
kindness swell up a8 o fountain, so that “the
golden age” will become no fiction, and the islands
of the blessed bloom in more than Hyperian
beauty.
+o
TueRe are many who say more than the truth
on some occasions, and balance the account with
their consciences by saying less than the truth on
others, /
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER.,
TO RURAL AGENTS, SUBSCRIBERS, &c.
Tue Rurat New-Yousen enters upon a New
Quarter this week, and we embrace the occasion to
notify its Agents, Subscribers and other friends that
single and club eubscriptions—either for a year, or
three months, on trial—are now in order and respect-
Sully solicited. To those who know and appreciate
the paper, we need only say that the quarter upon
which we now enter, and the ensuing volume, will
de worthy the enviable reputation the Runar has
attained —and all others are invited to giveit a care-
Jul ecamination.. It has thousands of ardent and
influential friends, each of whom will, we trust,
make some effort (during the enswing few weeks and
months,) to augment its circulation and usefulness
in their respective localities,—and Now is the Best
Time to Commence the Canvass. As liberal Pre-
miums and Gratuities will be given for Clubs, ke.
as last year. Oct. 1, 1859.
TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
POR ONE YEAR.
POR SIX MONTHS.
Twenty copie:
Thirty-Two do,
ROCHESTER, N. Y., OCTOBER 15, 1859.
DOMESTIC NEWS.
Matters at Washington.
Waite it is authentically stated that Minister
Ward did set out for Pekin, there is now, after
having exchanged ratifications, no official advices
reeeived at the State Department. It may be
mentioned that Captain Tatnall, in a letter dated
July, says that the invitation of the Governor of
the Province to Mr. Ward designated the 8th of
that month for a conference with him.
Bat little official information has been received
in official quarters, relative to the fillibuster move-
ments. As to the reported departure of a party of
fillibusters, the only authentic account in the pos-
session of the Government, is, that they left in a
tug boat about 10 miles below New Orleans, but
which could not convey them to the place of their
destination. They doubtless expected to be taken
on board a larger and more suitable steamer. In
the meantime, the federal officers were, according
to their instructions, to use every legitimate means
to intercept the fillibusters.
Lord Lyons, the British Plenipotentiary, has
had a protracted interview with Secretary Cass in
regard to the departure of the Nicaraguan Expedi-
tion. He announced it as the determination of his
Government to protect Nicaragua by force against
invasion. This course is recognized by the Goy-
ernment of the United States, and therefore a
telegraphic dispatch was at once sent to the com-
mander of the British squadron, directing him to
land such a force as may be required for the
expulsion of the fillibusters, should they succeed
in effecting a landing.
T. B. Beaumont, formerly of Jamaica Plains,
N. Y., now a resident of Hong Kong, China, ina
letter dated July 23d, says, a rumor here, probably
a Chinese story, is, that the Emperor has sent a
communication to the Governor of Shanghai, say-
ing that the firing from the forts of the Peiho
river upon the British and French Ambassy, was
not by his orders, but by those of Mandarins,
whose heads he has ordered to be struck off for
the aet. Itis expected that the American Minis-
ter, Mr. Ward, has proceeded to Pekin.
Perilous Aironautic Voyage.
In the last issue of the Rona New-Yorken we
made brief mention of the balloon ascension of
Messrs. LA Mountain and Jonn A. Happock, at
Watertown, Jeff. Co. ; the fact that they were nine
days absent without a word as to their whereabouts,
and the receipt of a telegraphic dispatch stating
they had “landed 300 miles north of Watertown
in the Canada wilderness.” Since that date Mr,
Happock has returned to the editorial chair and
furnishes his readers with a graphic account of
the trip. We make extracts as follows:
Every arrangement had been made for a success-
ful inflation, and st 27 minutes before 6 P. M., the
glad words ‘‘all aboard” were heard from Mr. La
Mountain, and myself and that distinguished sero-
naut stepped into the car. Many were the friend-
ly hands we shook—many a fervent “(God bless
you,” and “happy voyage,” were uttered and ma-
ny handkerchiefs wayed their mute adieu.
As we rose into the light fleecy clouds, they
looked, between us and the earth, like patches of
Snow we see lying upon the landscape in Spring-
time; but when we rose a little higher the clouds
completely shut out the earth, and the cold white
masses below us had precisely the same look that
mountainous snow-covered country does, as you
look down upon it from a higher mountain, In
Six minutes we were far above all the clouds, and
the sun and we were face to face, In eightminutes
ufter leaving the earth, the thermometer showed
4 fall of 24 degrees, It stood at §4 when we left.
The balloon rotated a good deal, showing that she
Was ascending with great rapidity. At 5.43 the
the thermometer stood at 42, and falling very fast.
At 5.50 we were at least two miles high—ther-
mometer 84 At 5.59 we put on our gloves and
shawls—thermometer 82. The wetsand bags now
became stiff with cold—t]
. 7 hey were frozen. As-
aod eee, At 5.54 thermometer 28,
an ing. Here we caught 1 i
earth by daylight, ght our last sight of the
: At 6 o'clock we thought we
were descending alittle, and Mr. La Mountart di-
rected me to throw out about 20 pounds of ballast.
This shot us up again—thermometey 26, and fall-
) ing very slowly. At6.05 thermometer 22—my feet
YW wore very cold. At 6.10 thermometer 19, We
Ki drifted along until the sun left us, and in a short
He time thereafter the balloon began to descend, At
§ 9.30 thermometer 22—rising. Threw over about
15 pounds of ballast. We must have been, before
we began to descend from this height)3}g miles
high. At 652 thermometer 23—rising. We were
now about stationary, and thought we were sailing
north of cast, We could, we thought, distinguish
water below us, but unable to recognize it At
6.88 we threw over a bag of sand—making 80 lbs.
of ballast discharged—leaving about 120 Ibs. on
hand. We distinctly heard adog bark, Tbermom-
eter 28—rising rapidly. At 6.45 thermometer 83,
At 6.50 itwas dark, and I could make no more
memoranda. I put up my note book, pencil and
watch, and settled down into the basket, as much
at home as though at my post in the Itformer
office, From this point until the next morning I
can only give my experiences from memory.
We heard, soon after dark, a locomotive whistle,
and occasionally could hear wagons rumbling
along the ground or over a bridge, while the dogs
kept up an almost ceaseless serenade. We sailed
along, contented and chatty, until about half past
seyen, when we distinctly saw lights and heard
the roaring of a mighty waterfall. We descended
into a valley neara very high mountain, but as the
place appeared rather forbidding, we concluded to
go up again. Over with 30 Ibs. of ballast, and
skyward we sailed. In about 20 minutes we again
descended, but this time no friendly light or “deep
mouthed watch dog’s heavy bay” greeted us. We
were over a dense wilderness, and settled down
over a small lake. We had our life preseryers
ready for use, but got up again by throwing over
all our ballast except about 18 pounds. Mr. LaM.
now said it was folly and madness to stay up any
longer, that we were over a great wilderness, and
the sooner we descended the better. We conclud-
ed to settle down by the side of a tree, tie up, and
wait until morning. Ina moment we were near
the earth, and as we fell I grasped the extreme top
of a high spruce, which stopped our descent, and
we were soon fastened to it by the large drag rope.
The touch of that spruce sent a thrill of discomfort
to my heart, for I knew that its kind did not grow
in any well settled, nor any warm country.
Mr. LaMountain said, after he looked around,
and made as much of an examination of the scene-
ry as we could do for the darkness and rain, (for it
had rained the past hour) that the “Atlantic was
played out—we were far into the woods, and if we
got out alive we ought to be thankful.” We rolled
ourselves up in our blankets, and patiently waited
until morning. The rain dripped down upon us
in riyulets from the great balloon, and it was not
long before we were wet as men could be, After
@ night passed in great discomfort we were glad to
see the first faint rays of daylight. Cold, wet and
rainy, the morning broke, the typical precurser,
we were to learn, of many other mornings to be
spent in those uninhabited wilds. The rain did
not cease, and we concluded to throw over all we
had in the balloon except acoat apiece, the life
preseryers, the anchor and compass,
The Atlantic, relieved of her wet load, rose ma-
jestioully with us, and we were able to behold the
country below. It was an unbroken wildernosa of
Jakes and spruce—and we felt, then, that we had
gone too far, through a miscalculation of the ve-
locity of the balloon. As the current was driving
us still to the north, we dare not stay up, as we
were drifting farther and still further to that
“frozen tide” from which we knew there could be
no escape. Mr. La Mountain seized the yalve-
cord and discharged gas, and we descended in
safety by the side of atall spruce. We made the
Atlantic fast by her anchor, and for a moment
talked over what we should do, We had not a
mouthful to eat. No protection at night from the
damp ground, were distant we knew not how far
from any habitation, were hungry to start with,
no earthly hope of raising a fire, and no distinct
idea as to where we were. We concluded to trust
to the compass, and took a course which would
bring us out of any wilderness we might be in —
We settled in our own minds that we were either
in John Brown's tract or in the great Canada wil-
derness—to the south, we thought, of the Ottawa,
and knew that a course south by east would take
us out, if we had strength enough to travel the
distance.
To the south-east, then, we started, After tray-
eling about a mile and a half we came to the bank
of a small creek, flowing down from the westward.
At this point we were agreeably surprised to find
that some human being had been there before us
—for we found several small trees cut down, the
coals from an old fire, and a half barrel which
had contained pork, Teagerly examined the stamp,
Tt read,
“Mess Pork,
P
Montreal.”
This settled the question that we were in Cana-
da—for I yery well knew that no Montreal inspec-
tion of pork ever found its way into the interior of
New York State. We traveled all day Friday up
the unknown creek—crossing it about noon on a
floating log—and striking on its southern bank, a
“blazed” track, which led us up to a deserted tim-
ber road, lying on the opposite side froma large
lumbering shanty.
For four days our adventurers were rafting down
rivers or journeying across the country, with noth-
ing to eat but a frog apiece and four fresh water
clams. While poling the raft they had construct-
ed upon one of the lakes, seemingly so numerous
in that vicinity, they heard the report of a gun,
quickly followed bya second report, Mr. Haddock
remarks :—“No sound was ever so sweet to me as
that. We halloed as lond as we could a good ma-
ny times, but could getno response. We kept our
poles going, and had gone about half a mile when
I called La Mountain’s attention to what I thought
was a smoke curling up among the trees on the
side of the hill, My own eyesight had begun to
fail me to an extent that I could not depend upon
it when a long, steady gaze was necessary. Ho
said it was smoke, and that he thought just below
it, on the bank, wasa bark canoe, Ina few mo-
ments the blue smoke rolled gently yct unmistaka-
bly above the tree tops, and we felt that we were
SAVED.”
Paddling the raft to shore, Mr. H. hurried up the
bank, and came upon the shanties of a lumbering
Station. “TI halloed”—he writes—“a noise was
heard inside, and a noble looking Indian came to
the door. ‘Vous parley Francais?’ was my eager
inquiry, as I grasped his outstretched hand. ‘Yes,
sit—and English, too.’ He drew me into the cab-
in, and there was the head ef the party, a noble-
hearted Scotchman named AngusCameron. I im-
mediately told my story—that we came in with a
balloon, were lost, and had been four days without
food—asking where we were. Imagine my sur-
prise when he said we were one hundred and fifty
miles due north of Ottawa—in the dense, uninhab-
ited forest, whose only limit was the Arctic circle.
I dispatched the young Indian for La Mountain,
who came in after a moment, the absolute picture
of wretchedness, All that the cabin contained
was freely tendered us, and we began to eat. Lan-
guage is inadequate to express our sensations
while doing so. The clouds had alllifted from our
sombre future, and the silver lining shone all the
brighter for the deep darkness through which we
had just passed.”
Personal and Political.
A vispaten, dated Augusta, Ga., Oct. 6, says:—
Jones, Democrat, is elected to Congress in the Sth
district, by a majority ranging from 250 to 850.
In the 7th district, Hill, opposition, is elected by
250 majority. Goy. Browa’s majority is fully 15,-
000. The Democrats are successful in all but the
third and seventh Congressional Districts.
Tne returns of the Mississippi election show
Democratic gains,
Tris a remarkable fact that the Alabama Legis-
lature is unanimously Democratic,
Lieut. Mowny’s election as Delegate from Ari-
z0D8 Was unanimous ; out of 3,000, it is not known
that even one was against him.
Orrictat returns of the Maine election are
received from all but o few small towns, and the
result is as follows:—Republican, 56,848; Demo-
crat, 44,348. Republican majority, so far, 12,000.
Senate, — Republicans, 80; Democrat, 1. Tep-
resentatives.—Republicans, 119; Democrats, 32.
Tus citizens of Ohio, at the next election, vote
upon 6n amendment of the Constitution, eatab-
lishing annual instead of biennial sessions of the
Legislature.
Mason Davin B, Gneer, an early pioneer in
Arkansas, and Secretary of State for 19 years, died
on the 29th ult., aged 57.
Tue Governor of Florida has issued a proclama-
tion, directing the Judges of Probate in the
counties to take a vote on the question whether
West Florida shall or shall not be annexed to
Alabama.
FOREIGN NEWS.
Grear Brrrain.—The American occupation of
the island of San Juan attracts considerable atten-
tion in the journals, The Times editorially states
the facts of the case and says, fortunately the af-
fair is in good hands, and we trust there can be no
reason to doubt that the governments of the two
countries will proceed to a decision in a spirit of
moderation and equity. The article concludes as
follows:—‘‘It is not a question of convenience, but
of justice. The decision should depend on the in-
terpreted terms of the treaty, and it was evidently
not doubted by either government, a short time
ago, that this interpretation could be discovered.
If, however, it should prove that the existing con-
yention cannot be so applied as to satisfy the con-
tracting parties, there can surely be no reason why
two States, which have now adjusted their respec-
tive limits across an entire continent from the At-
lantic to the Pacific, should not complete the work
in the narrow waters of Vancouver's Island.—
Americans may assure themselves that in such ne-
gotiations they will meet with no conditions but
those of fairness and amity on the part of this
country. It would be hard, indeed, if children of
the same stock, who can feel the sympathies of
blood and lineage as they were felt and expressed
in the waters of Peiho, should find much difficulty
in adjusting a petty boundary question on the
coast of the Pacific.”
The London Post also again refers to the subject,
aud says if the importance of San Juan is to be
considered, there can be no doubt that its posses-
sion by England is absolutely necessary to the se-
curity of British Columbia. It thinks the govern-
ment at Washington con have nothing to gain by
the adoption of the violent and unjustifiable pro-
ceedings of Harney.
The screw steamer Fox, Capt. McClintock, sent
by Lady Franklin to the Arctic regions in search of
the traces of Sir John Franklin’s expedition, has
returned to England, having been completely suc-
cessful. At Point William, on the north-west coast
of King William’s Island, a record was found dated
April 25th, 1848, signed by Capt. Crozier and Fitz-
james. The record says the Erebus and Terror
were abandoned three days previously in theice
five leagues to the N. W., and that the survivors,
in all amounting to 105, were proceeding to Great
Fish river. Sir John Franklin had died June 11th,
1847, and the total deaths to date, had been nine
officers and fifteen men. Many deeply interesting
relics of the Pxpedition were found on the western
shore of King William's Island, and others were
obtained from the Esquimaux, who stated that af-
ter their abandonment, ene ship was crushed in
the ice and sunk, and the other forced on shore,
where she remained, Mr. Fox was unable to pen-
etrate beyond Bellot straits, and wintered in Brent-
ford Bay. Minute and interesting details of the
expedition are published. Several skeletons of
Franklin’s men, large quantities of clothing, &c.,
and aduplicate record, up to the abandonment of
the ships, were discovered.
The crew of the Great Eastern had been arrest-
ed and tried at Weymouth, for mutinous conduct,
in refusing to wash the decks when ordered. The
two ringleaders were sentenced for three months
imprisonment respectively, at hard labor, and the
remainder for a fortnight. The evidence showed
that the ship's crew were far from complete. The
English journals strongly denounce the incomplete
and hurried manner in which the ship was sent to
sea, A yague rumor has been current that her
first voyage will be postponed until November,—
This, however, is authoritatively contradicted, and
she is still advertised to leave Holyhead for Port-
land, on the 20th of October.
The London Morning Herald gives prominence
to the following paragraph :—We haye reason to
believe that a definite treaty of peace will soon be
concluded at Zurich. It will, however, have the
Signature of only two powers—France and Aus-
tria. The preliminaries of Villa Franca will be
strictly maintained as to the relations of Austria
and Sardinia. A Berne telegram says a courier
from Vienna had reached Zurich with instruc
tions to draw up a treaty of peace, and doo-
uments for the eession of Lombardy and Sar-
dinia, No allusion is made to the Dachies. It is
hoped that a treaty will be signed in a few days.
At the Agricultural show at Lewes, a steam chaff
cutter exploded, killing six persons.
Upwards of a thousand marines, strong detach-
ments of the rifle light infantry regiments, &c.,
were to leaye England for China, by the overland
Toute. The first of the squadron, in service against
China, had already sailed. The government intends
to dispatch fifty gun boats, sloops, frigates and
other vessels. An order for 2,000,000 catridges
packed in 200 boxes, had been executed at Wool.
wich, in one day, including the stowing on ship-
board. These go to China, overland, and a second
order toa much greater extent was progressing
for the sea voyage,
Fraxoz.— The Times Paris correspondent says
the report of the day was, that the question of the
Duchies had been arranged, and that Tuscany is
to be reigned over by the King of the Belgium’s
second son, and Parma and Modena by Maximilian.
Another report says the Count de Flanders is to
have the three Italian Duchies and the Arch Duke
Maximilian, Venetia, with separate constitutions,
These reports must be taken for what they are
worth,
Another Paris rumor was to the effect that there
was to be no Chinese expedition at the head of the
Peiho. The Mandarin has proffered an atonement,
coupled with the promises of all the satisfaction
required, and that the Ambassadors will be re-
ceived at Pekin.
The Paris correspondent of the London Herald,
regards the scheme for placing a Belgian Prince
on the throne as a ridiculous canard.
The Times Paris correspondent again draws at-
tention to the great activity in the French dock
yards, and states that he has been assured that
there are now building, or under orders to be built,
twenty ships of the line—ten of the very largest
size, but all strictly fighting ships, steel-plated and,
provided with iron peaks or prows.
Numerous exiles had arrived at Marseilles.
The Paris correspondent of the London Specta-
tor, who has, on several occasions, communicated
early and authentic news, asserts that Napoleon
accepts the plan of the King of Belgium, which is
to give the fortress of Peschiera and Mantua, and
the States of Parma and Modena to Sardinia, to re-
instate the house of Lorainein Tuscany, and restore
the legations to the Pope. After the introduction
of a variety of reforms, Venetia is to have goy-
ernmental instructions and an army of its own,
under the Arch Duke Ferdinand Maximilan, with
the title of the Grand Duke of Venitia. This
stimulation has the concurrence of Austria A
Congress is to be held at Brussels, It will be pre-
sided over by the King. This letter is dated on
the evening of the 27th. The Paris Patrie has an
article, which partially confirms the above state-
ment,
According to the last accounts from Paris, the
treaty between France and Cochin China, was ex-
pected to be signed on the first of August.
The Paris correspondent of the Times says that
Cherbourg is about to be armed completely ona
war footing, and that rifle cannons are being pro-
yided for all its batteries.
Iraty.—The Sardinian Government hasaddress-
edacircular to the Great Powers denying the re-
ported secession of Savoy to France, and declaring
such rumors entirely void of foundation. The
Sardinian Government is also said to have pro-
tested to the Great Powers against the secret aid
afforded by Austria in recruiting soldiers for the
Pope. Evidence is being published to prove that
Parma, under the government of the Duchies, did
not maintain 2 neutral attitude during the late war.
The Pope remained in a very alarming state, and
Cardinal Antonetti had declared him unfit to take
part in public affairs.
SwirzertANp.—The Lausanne Gazette says that
the minister of the United States, Mr. Fay, has
presented a memorial to the federal council, pray-
ing it to intervene with the cantons, which have
persevered in their laws, restrictions or intolerant
measures against the United States, in order to
maintain a modification of the same.
Tunxey.—Amicable relations were established
between Turkey and Persia.
Matters in Candia were assuming a serious as-
pect, and numerous troops had been sent there.
Crrcass1A.—Schlamyl! was betrayed and deliver-
ed a prisoner to the Russians for a bribe of 6,000,-
000 rubles. The Circassians continue to war
against Russia.
CommenctaL — Breadstufe, — Messrs, Richardson,
Spence & Co. report decline in breadstoffs. Piour dull
and quotations maintained with difficulty; new Amerl-
can 26@27s per bbl.; wheat was also dull, and had de-
clined 1d@2d per cental; western red Te4d@9s; west-
ern white 9s@9s4d. Corn dull and declined 6d per
quarter; mixed 5sSd@6s1d ; yellow 53; white Ts@7s6d.
Messrs, Bigland, altnya & Co. quote a’ decline In corn
of 6d@1s per quarter. Provisions,—Messrs, B., A. &
Co,, James McHenry & Co,, and others quote beef
steady, with moro activity for the India, Sales at
£5@£6. Pork quiet and quotations nominal. Bacon
dali and holders preasing their stock of old on the mar-
ket. The official report shows a decrease of 147,000
pigs. Lard stendy at 56s for good reflued. Tallow ad-
vanced 6d. Butchers quoted at 578.
++
Tae Sax Juan Boonpany.—The National Intel-
Uigencer, which always speaks upon such topics
with caution and accurate information, says, in
reference to the boundary dispute :—‘ Although
we do not, in general, like to see our military com-
manders on distant frontier posts assuming, with-
out very urgent considerations, responsibilities
which may jeopard the peace of the country, yet,
unless all the maps we have had -access to are
grossly inaccurate, it would appear to us highly
probable that the Island of San Juan, jn the Strait
of Haro, properly falls within the American boun-
dary, and that Gen, Harney could not, consistently
with strict duty, permit it to be taken undisputed
possession of by the British troops or agents.”
Ghe News Condenser,
— Lake Superior fron ore fs findin,
eonzin.
— Spain is agitating the question of taking
from England, Sas
— There are 200,000,000 fect of lamber
in Bangor, Me,, yearly.
— Kossuth hes returned to London,
of a few days in Paris.
— The bears are committing depredations in Dearly
every part of Wisconsin.
— The gas works at Galveston, Texas, were put
fall operation last month, : , ae
— Platt ©o., TIL, hus 82,000 acres in corn, estimated
to yield 50 bushels per acre,
— The Cleveland Medical Gazette has an account of
a tumor welghing 129 pounds,
— Mr, Gregory, of the diggings at Piko’s Peak, has
returned to Georgia with $25,000,
— A new volcano has sprung up fn Oregon, Mount
Hood is in a state of active erupiion,
— The loss of the Austrians in the Italian war was,
altogether, 1,134 officors and 47,500 file.
— The fever is slowly increasing at Houston and Gal-
Yeston, where more deaths are reported,
— A new aalino deposit has been discovered at Can-
tral City, Marion Co,, Southern Illinois,
— There are at preaent in the world about one bun-
dred and twenty-one thousand Mormons,
— Andreas Piizy, ono of the “Old Guard” of the
Napoleon, died on Sunday last in Brooklyn.
— The Queen of Bont, of the South Pacific, has left
her twelve husbands and taken a new one,
— There has been a tremendous gale on Lake Mich-
igan, causing an unprecedented rise of water.
— It is stated that the Circassian Chief Schamyl has
been taken prisoner and sent to St Petersburg.
—In the Cincinnati jail there are now fourteen
prisoners charged with murder in tho first degree,
— Fifty horses were burned with a stable at Mud
Springs, El Dorado county, California, August 23,
—The Boston Tranecript eays the swallows have
gone South, and that they all left on the same day.
—The people of Turin are going to express thelr
gratitude to Napoleon by erecting a monument in Paris,
— Some burglars in Albany have been living ino
temporarily vacated houge in the densest part of the
city.
— The people ef Paris haye recently presented to the
Empress Eugenia two vases of gold, weighing 180
ounces,
— The cholera has carrried off one thousand six hun-
dred persons in Hamburg this summer—nine hundred
in July.
—The total value of American vessels and cargoes
lost at sea during the month of Beplember, is about
$950,000.
— The French Academy’s prize for poetry has been
awarded this year to Mile, Ernestine Dronet, a echool-
teacher,
—Samuel Pike, of Brattleboro, Vt, gathered Jast
week a second crop of strawberries grown in his garden
this year.
€& market in Wis-
manufactured
He had a halt
— A good telegraph operator, working ten hours per
day, brings a receipt of about $75 to the treasury of the
company.
— “What's in aname?” One of the candidates for
county offices in Lu Salle Co,, IIL, is Wait, and another
Waitmore.
— The Governor-General of Canada has appointed
Thursday, Noy. 3, as a day of general holiday and
thanksgiving.
—The champion oaramen of St. Johns, N. B., are
about to go to England to meet the great oarsmen of the
mother country.
— The papers of the entire West—as far ss the Mis-
sissippi—are rejoicing over therecentrains, They were
greatly needed.
—The New Bedford Standard reports a pumpkin
vine in that city which is three hundred feet long, and
bore 115 pumpkins,
— The Austin (Texas) State Gazette says that $16,000
have been lost lately in the mails between Galveston
and New Orleans,
—lIt is eaid that Capt. Comstock, formerly of the
steamer Baltic, is to bring the Great Eastern from Port-
land to New York.
— A horned owl, supposed to be about one hundred
years old, bas just died at Arundale Castle, the seat of
the Duke of Norfolk,
— Photographing on porcelain, it is stated, has been
successfully accomplished in New York, regardless of
irregularities of surface.
— Chicago ia cursed with obscene handbills to such
an extent that an abatement of the nuisance is urged
in some of the papers,
—The first Arab newspaper ever published in the
Turkish Empire, and out of Constantinople, has been
commenced at Beyrout,
— The equinoctial storm at the South was unusually
seyere, Great damage {s reported all along the coast
from Virginia southward.
—There are now in Germany, Denmark and Switz-
erland, 63 Baptist churches and 7,120 members; 25
years ago there were only 7.
— A miner on Lake Superior was blown 60 fect by
the premature explosion of a blast he was preparing.
He was torn into fragments.
— “One-legged Jim,” a renowned Sioux warrior,
died recently at Redwood, Minn. He became a tem-
perance man some years ago,
— The quantity of coal gas annually used in Philadel-
phia is estimated at 6,000,000 cubic fect, for which the
public pay $18,500,000 per annum.
—The clergy of Springfield, Ohio, have united in
publishing a remonstrance against the holding of lot-
teries at church and charitable fairs,
— A large number of Pike's Peak miners are loaving
the mountains for the valley, in consequence of the
preyalence of rain and snow storms.
—The Misstonary Herald for October says the French
emigrant traffic on the African const still continues, and
its baneful influences are sensibly felt.
— Garibaldi bas issued a proclamation threatening to
shoot any of his men who venture to profess themselves
Mazzinians, Republicans, or even Bee. =
arivalin a young la
Seater nue tome A aaa uae coe
mseiceatcli eater os i horses with great success,
her powers on yiclous
— The N. Y. Post says that if General Tom apenl
finds a fitting wife, the public will enjoy the pomolog
cul exhibition of a new variety of “ Dwarf Pair,
— The Toronto Leadersays photogaph ten dollar nly
on the Gore Bank are in circulation, They cam be lls
tinguished from the genuine by their purple tinge.
OS rn
CONTENTS OF THIS NUDMIBER.
AGRICULTURAL,
Mental Improvement—Timely Hints...
Ringbone, Causes, Treatment, &c., (Illustrated).
‘West Highland Fat Ox, (Ilustrated).....--
European Agriculture — Winter Barley for Feeding
Sheep; Pasturage in a Prolific Season; Flowering of
Potatoes; In-and-in Breeding..... 333, SM
‘The New York State Pair—Report of varlous Depart.
How to Hnnt the Woodchucks., eae
rtoulltural Miscellany, —Harsmond Falr—Jelferson
Aaa st Pe H ‘sraneaidles Farmers’ Club Fair; Sher-
burne Fair; Men who are Men; Comparative Value of
Hay and other Fodder; A Welehty Two-Year Old; De:
ferred.,....++» ied ib
Rural spirit of the Prest.—To Remove Films; Leaves
asa Manure; The use of Qualls. ” Bil
HORTIOULTURAL,
New York State Fair—Hortlcaltural Department—Section
of Floral Hall at Albany, ((Uustrated,) Better Plan for a
Floral Hall. Section of Floral Hall, as Proposed, (Iilus-
trated.) Ground Plan of proposed Floral Hall, (Iiiustrated)
Frolt, Flowere, Vegetables, 5
Fruit Received...
Prices of Fruit in New York
To Save Trees from Mice. Bi
‘Triomphe de Gand and Allce Maude Strawberries.
The Hortlculturist—Pear Question. The Editor among
the Dwarf Peara.......+ 835
Grapes, Pears and Quincey 835
Pears on Mountain Ash.
DOMESTIO ECONOMY.
* Cooking Meat, Ple-Plant; &o.; Tngalries: Plain Cookies:
Information Wanted; Tomato Wine. on 335
LADIES" OLIO.
The Dear Little Girl is Dead, (Poetical :) A Chat with
Young Louse-keepers; The Little Hand; Friendship. 036
CHOICE MISOELLANY.
) A Magazine of the Last Centu
jeware of Parting .
SABBATH MUSINGS,
God's First Temples, [Poetical Self-Knowledg:
God's Bounty,......
EDUOATIONAL.
Art of Teaching: Physiology In Schoo!
THR dAty Ghildren at School; School Libraries,
USEFUL OL10.
No. I; A List of Wonders; A.
835
roeth
oetry;
Giving,
Prose
Very
rtesian
Waist a aoe
YOUNG RURALIST.
The Odors we Enjoy—Camphor, [iilustrateds] Noble
Bentiments px vee 897
[Poetical ;) The Orphan Govyerness; 310
Aguenttarel Hymn,
CED veer ee
LIST OF NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
rate Life of the World-Renowned Engineer—Ticknor &
elds,
Webster's Unabridged Dictionary—Pictorial Edition—G.
& O. Merriam,
Auction of Cattle, Horses and Sheep—Chas, H. Carroll,
Hardy Frult Trees—Cowles & Warren.
“Shawmut Mills.’ Rochester—James M. Whitney & Oo,
Ontar'o Grape Vines—A. W. Potter & Oo.
Ulinols Farms—John W. Hedenbers.
Graoes by Mall—O. P. Bissell & Satter,
Wood Sawing Machines—Henry ©. Lake.
5,000 Agents Waoted—Ephraim Brown.
Peach Trees—R. Banfo
600 Agents Wanted—M. M. Sanborn.
News Paragraphs,
Ox board one of the English gun-boats, in the
late attempt of the British to go to Pekin in their
own way, @ single shot took a leg from each of six
men who were standing in a line.
In Chester Co., Penn., an old cent has been
exhumed. On one side it bears the inscription,
“ Nova Constellatio.” In the centre is the “eye,”
and around the thirteen stars. On the other side
are the words “ Zibertas—Justitia—1783." In the
centre, “U.S.” surrounded by a wreath.
Tue Springfield (0.) Republican has a poor
opinion of tobacco raising. It says:—‘‘If there
is any dirtier work than raising tobacco, except
chewing it, we should like to know it. A gum
issues from green tobacco that covers everything
that it comes in contact with. We met recently a
troop of men fresh from the tobacco field, that, in
any other portion of the world than this, would
pass for Hottentots. They looked as if they always
burrowed in the ground, and in hands and face, as
well as dress, were the color of woodchucks.””
Resprctina the island of San Juan or Bellevue,
which is now in dispute between the United States
and Great Britain, Col, Lee of the graphical
Engineers, made a thorough exp! ion in the
Straits of Haro, and reports that island is
worthless to either government for any purpose
whatever. Col. Rankin’s report is to the same
effect. According to the observations of Col. Lee,
Son Juan is destitute of wood and water, and
entirely unproductive. The value of its harbor is
also said to have been much exaggerated.
From an official report, it appears that since
1847 the introduction of Asiatics to meet the wants
of Cuban labor cover 42,501 subjects—there hay-
ing perished in the transit 7,622, or 15 per cent. of
those taken on board.
Tae Toronto Globe of Monday, says :—‘ Mer-
chants and others should, at the present time,
make a close examination of the one dollar bills
on the Niagara District and Commercial Banks,
Canada, as counterfeits on them are afloat. A
large number of them were put into circulation
on Saturday evening. They are well executed,
bills!”
Vanwont refuses to allow a traveling circus to
desecrate her torritory, As the State is not very
and down her eastern and western boundaries.
Ma. Lustre, the enterprising young man who
teachers and leaving them suddenly in New York,
three years hard labor in the Penitentiary.
Scriptures can “come down!” If the Chitten.
den County Grand Jury is a “blessing,” i
emphatically a
and have a yery close resemblance to the genuine
wide, the showmen, however, manage to accommo-
date her sight-seeing population by exhibitiag up
swindled a platoon of girls by hiring them as
at the same time attempting to steal their baggage,
was sentenced in Philadelphia, on the 20th, to
Tun Grand Jury of Chittenden county, Vt., has
indicted the Managers of the State Agricultural
Society, for giving premiums on horse trotting.
The Burlington Times says, “human virtue” can
go no further than this. The Pharisee of the
it is
“blessing in disguise,” this time,
As Aoentcan “Great Easterns.” —The sail-
ing ofj the Great Eastern revives reminiscences of
rican ship very nearly her size. She was
ed about thirty years ago on the St. Law-
600 feet long, and was composed of long
timber clamped together in the roughest
MOORK’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
immediately en her arrival in England was broken
up and sold. She was, in fact, an ingenious expe-
rt dient to get rid of the timber duty, which was then
| excessive, and was a sort of magnified and finished
ocean raft. The Government would not allow the
experiment to be repeated, holding it to be @ viola-
tion of the revenue laws.—Al. Jour.
American Conons.—The Kennebec (Me.) Jour-
nal says that a few years since the wife of the
American Minister to England, received from a
friend in New England, s box of autumnal leaves,
selected for their beauty and variety of tints. The
lady wore them as ornaments, and they attracted
much attention, and were greatly admired by the
English people. Since then these leaves have been
in demand there, and every autumn packages are
sent over in steamers, and flash their beauty in
high circles in London.
Fao Venezveia.—We have later news from Ven-
ezuela The French Charge d’Affairs had been
sent out of the country on ten days’ notice. His
opposition to the existing government and partici-
pation in the bloody revolution are the causes al-
leged for driving him away. Gen. Rubin, with the
government forces, had taken the town of Murgue-
retta, but the rebel chief, Gen. Aquada, escaped to
Barcelona. He had beenretaken, and the govern-
ment forces were everywhere victorious. The
revyolutionists, or rather the robbers, had commit-
ted the most outrageous excesses, murdering and
plundering to a fearful extent. From present ac-
counts, however, their triumph is at an end,
Anniyat or Tae Overtanp Mart.—The overland
mail has reached Jefferson City with San Francisco
dates of the 12th instant. Sufficient returns had
been received to ensure the election of the entire
Democratic ticket. All the candidates forSupreme
Judges and State Printer, and the two Lecompton
candidates for members of Congress, were also
elected. There was also a very large Lecompton
majority in both branches of the Legislature. The
people’s reform ticket in San Francisco was elected
by a majority of from one to three thousand.
Business at San Francisco continued dull, with
aslight country demand. Quotations were nomi-
nally unchanged, but for the goodssold buyers ob-
tained better terms.
The silver mines of Arizona were doing well,
although the people there were much annoyed by
the depredations of the Apache Indians. Capt.
Smith, Supt. of the 8d Division of the Overland
Mail line arrived from El Paso, having in charge
200 Ibs, of silver bullion assigned to the Philadel-
phia Mint. There was upwards of a ton of silver
bullion at El Paso awaiting shipment to the States.
A private letter from Arizona, dated Sept. 17th,
says the Apaches are getting bolder, and we have
almost the usual number of murders and fights,—
The vote at the recent election for delegates to
Congress exceeds 2,000. Only sbout one-sixth
participated in the New Mexican election.
Propuction or Goup 1x Catrrornta.—A cor-
respondent of the N. Y. Courier & Enquirer says
the quartz-crushing machines now in Coalifornia
cost upsvards of $3,300,000, and makes the following
statements as to the present rate of go! fac~
tion in that State :—The richest quartz vein in the
State is that of Allison’s Ranch, which is believed
here to be the richest gold mine inthe world. The
first sixty-three tuns of quartz from this vein pro-
duced $22,000. The vein or ode, called lead by
the miners, was opened in October, 1856. The
yield during the ensuing two years was esti-
mated at about $1,500,000. Eight thousand tuns
of rock haye been crushed, which has yielded
$200 per tun. Street & Soulsby’s claim, in Tou-
lumne county, is supposed to contain gold rock
worth $4,000,000. Colonel Fremont’s Mariposa
Ranche mines are yielding him, it is estimated,
$5,000 per week. The authorities, adopted by the
Register, state the production to have been very
uniform since 1854, at about $70,000,000 per
annum, and from various facts brought to my
knowledge, I believe the estimate to be nearly cor-
rect. The total yield of the California mines from
the discovery up to December, 1858, is stated to
have been $580,623,297.
ee
Aonicuttversts, try Guano and Plaster on your fall
sown crops. Bone Phosphate of Lime and Phosphorio
Acid and Ammonia is what you want to quicken your
fall wheat, and give it strength of root, putting it be~
yond the power of insects to injure. Guano will do
this, with the advantage of a splendid crop without
weeds. 509-26
Markets, Commerce, twenty small farms. Two
railroads are witbin five miles of the tract, and the distance
from Ohicavo Is viebty-five miles, Bargains are offered to
arties wanting farms in the West for their own necupancy,
ror oarticulars address JOHN W. HEDEN BERG,
610-16 P. 0, Box, 1462, St, Louls, Mo.,
NTARIO GRAPE VIVES—THE LARGEST AND
BEST Native Grape in America, Bunches and Berries
enormously large. Good size plants, 35,00. For 25 cents we
will mall, post-pald, a few berries of this splendid grape,
Ripe '6th September. The 2 cents returned to those who
buy avine. Priced list of 150 varieties sent free to oll appll-
cants, Stamps not refused,
Address A. W. POTTER & Co..
Grapelawn Nurseries, Knowlesville, Orleans Co., N. Y.
“Oe AWMUT. MILLS” ROCHESTER—We con-
tinue to do CUSTOM GRINDING at the lowest rates,
and baving improved the macbinery of our mill for that
purpose, we pledge ourselves to glye full satisfaction to all
cus‘omers,
We have for gele at all times, wholesale and retail, the
best and most reliable brands of Flour, Also, Corn Meal,
Rye Flour Mill d and Screentngs at the lowest prices,
and we solicit the attention of the furming community,
610-186 M. WHITNEY & Co,
Brown" 859
ARDY FRUIT TRESS.
50,000 Stand, and Def. Pear, 2yrs, very fine tree:
10,00) Stand, Oherry, 9 yr, extra fine. $12 per 100s
19.000 New Rochelie Blackberries, $0 to $80 per 1000;
20000 Isabella. Cacawba and Clinton grapes, 830 to 950 =
500 010 apple Root Grafis, o order in. spring, 10,000 for 9505
200,000 stocks, Apple, Lyr a 25r $f, extra $5, Cherries $4
to #5, Quince, #10, Pear, 83 to #12.
Also Apple’Tiees, Plo, Pesoh, Qalnce, Currants, Rasp-
berries. Strawberries, Movntain +sb, Horse Chestout, All
for sale very cheap at wholesale, hy
COWLES & WARREN.
B101t Highland Nurseries, Syracuse, N. ¥,
AUCTION OF CATTLE, HORSES AND SHEEP
‘On Wednesday, 25th October, at the residence of the
Subscriber—Ssle Lo commence at 10 o'clock A. M.
GI) Head of Ca te—Durham and high erade Durham,
Among them the thorough bred imported bull Usurper. Six
years old; severul young bulls and bull calyes,—steers,—
‘cows,—helfers and calves,
CTE Horses Amane them, valuable. blooded breediny
ae PTeTEa eae font by” BhaNp Allen FOr
Horses nd colts.
FOO Sheep and Lambs — Fine and coarse wool.
TERMS. Sos under €M, cash: over #0 and under #50,
six months; over #30 aud onder $10", nine months; over
finoctwelve'months, Approved endorsed notes for ali sums
not paid in cash, CH-sRL! HW, OAKROLL,
5lt-2t Groveland, Liv, C ¥., Oct. 10, 1859.
\
Rochester, Sept, 25
GET THE BEst.
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1600 PICTORIAL ILLUSTRATIONS.
CA to 10,000 NEW WORDS in the Vocab-
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Table of SYNONYMS, by Prof. Goodrich.
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Peculiar Use of Words and Terms in the Bible,
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§10-3t) G. & C, MBARIAM, Springfield, Moss
HE WORLD-RENOWNED ENGINEER !—
THE LIPG OR GORGE STHPHENSON,
RAILWAY ENGINEER. By SAMUEL, SMILES. Second
‘american, from the fourth London edition, 1 volume, 16
mo,, price $1,00.
“Pickwon & Freips have done a good work for the young
men of the country In preparing a dollar edition of the “Life
‘allway Engineer.” The biography
of this selfim ne of the most remarkable in the
world, ‘There can hardly be found in the range of English
literature, tne record of a life which, from so humble a be-
ginning, rose through such terrible obstacles to such stupen-
Fae a ee ee een stich biographies as these, there
isan abundant {nspiration—an inspiration really more val-
vable than the important statistics which they contaln, and
we hope every young man will buy aod read the one under
notice. A dollar sent to the publishers will seoure it,—
Springfield Repu! Ucan. 3
Dire and permanent is the Interest excited by this won.
drous story of genius, No one can read unmoved the early
struggles of th able character, as they are narrated
iu this work, men faltering, It ives lessons which
should supply fresh vigor, The continuous: t
Jor, the daring Ingenuity, and ever-active in
iiler hoy, teaching himself, gradually making his
Value felt by all around him, and Shally raising himself to
pne of the noblest positions in life—that of a great benefac-
tor to mankind—these must be studied In the pages of this
biography." —London Leader,
‘pew romances possess so strong an interest as this life,
go brave, so simple, 80 strenuous in its faith. Tt is concelyed
in a spirit rorthy, of its subject, the true history of a working
man, written With a fullness of style and a clearness of
Knowledge, which render it invaluable to all working men."
—Lmdon Literary Gazette.
+ PuuseVeRASCR Was Stephenson's device and principle,
‘This blography must always be widely read and consulted."
Lond Atienaum,
‘iy fame of George
‘as it has at last become, we cannot quest
tinue to Increase with time, It is, as the
way locomotion, that, be founds his h
Rratitude of the world, There is soa
blography which {s not suggest
of George Steph
ely a page of this
he whole ground Ig
novel, aad of the highest Interest""—Quarlerly Kevtew.
“para work canuot fail to be both popular and useful; the
great leason which It will inculcate among young mep, will
be that which Stephenson himself used to inculcate, when-
ever in Inter life he addressed a mechantes’ institution, or &
public meeting for educatlunal purposes—the power of per-
geverance.""— Weatminater Remew,
Tris not too much to say, that Mr, Smiles has performed
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page of oder history. We see the
nd the epic story of thia age of ours
ised in the feats of the strongest and
‘The worker bimself, with bis noble
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heen eminent in any age or condition of ety, bat In
5
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600. 000 ACRES OF HANNIBAL AND ST.
( JOSEPH RAILROAD LANDS, For Sale om
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ue postions wel as fo command at Low kalésot relght
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oT the Farmer desiring to better bis conditfon, to partes
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ply t JOSIAH HUNT,
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Ber month, aAELEN & CO. Plalstow, N.H. _ 604-106
JAN GRAPE.—The earliest ripening, bia
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itor doora. Berry oval; bunch compact.
Oar ilasiate ae esata woo iadiosee scape
yea ent 1D.
of Grapes Oy gfasELL & SALTER, Rochester, N. Y,
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iv
‘Apply to the Ascenca Fxionay ATD AND
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to
letor.
AOHILLES, Pronrteter.
At Bi
re en ETT,
AGRICULTURAL HYMN.
———-
DY REY, JONN PIERPONT, D. D.
ee
To God, tho gracious Giver
Of sunshine, dew and rain,
Of hillside, vale and river,
And broad and fertile plain,—
Who giveth to our mountains
‘The glory of their trees,
And poureth ont the fountains
‘That fill our inland seas,—
Who wrappeth Winter's bosom
In His soft, woolly snows,
And openeth every blossom
That Spring around us throws,—
To Hux, our tribute bringing,
Of thankful hearts, we come,
With joy and gladness singing
Our hymn of * Harvest Home.””
Shall we, Thy sons and daughtere,
Withhold our grateful lays,
While all Thy winds and waters
Are yocal in Thy praise?
No! while all earth rejoices
In Thy paternal care,
Will we lift up our voices,
O, God, in praise and prayer,
God, who onr patient labor
With plenty crown’st thus,
Help us our suffering neighbor
To bless as Thou dost us;
‘And while Thy gifis we gather
From field and fold and stall,
To serve the good All-Father
Who giveth all to all.
Written for Moore’s Rural New-Yorker.
THE ORPHAN GOVERNESS.
BY ANNA BURR.
{Continued from page 933, last number.)
Y Chapter II.
“Wnuen did you reach New York?” inquired
Myna, after they were seated.
“The steamer from Liverpool arrived three days
since, and I came up here quite as soon as Aunt
Many would let me, for I wanted to see you and
Cuantre—sbe said that your mother had gone.
That Miss Nives is a very queenly-looking lady—
T have heard something of her history.”
“Oh, she is a lovely person! I never was so
happy in my life before as I have been since she
came here.”
The gentleman smiled at Myra’s earnestness.
“J would go through fire and water for her sake,”
said Cuartre looking up from the kite he was
fixing.
“ Ah, I see that she has two pretty good friends;
but when do you expect aunt home ?”
“Sometime in August. I hope that you will
not go back to the city immediately because
mama is absent. I want you to stay very much.”
“Well, I'll visit here a few days, Mrra—we
must have some nice rides together before I leave.”
“Oh, yes, cousin,” exclaimed Curve, anima-
tedly, ‘‘and I want you to hunt and fish with me,
too.”
“Ym justin the mood for ruralizing, Cuanuie.
Ayear’s travel throngh foreign cities, and wan-
dering among ancient ruins, has well nigh jaded
me with sight-seeing, and I will throw off my
fatigne in this charming retreat,” and Herbert
Leste did enter into the enjoyment of country
life with a youthful zest. He had known Myra
and her brother from their infancy, and there had
always been a strong attachment between the
cousins. A large fortune was left at his disposal,
when he had attained his majority, two years after
his father’s decease. But the early education of
pious parents had shielded him from the evils
which are the attendants of wealth, His time
was mostly occupied with benevolent schemes
and projects, or in overseeing his immense landed
estates, until, at the earnest request of Mrs.
Lesuie, he left his business, and traveled with her
in Europe for the benefit of his health. There
was a manly independence and freedom from
social distinctions in Heauenr's very air, which
indicated the true gentleman, and Gracw felt,
instinctively, that he would scorn to do a mean
act, As they were necessarily thrown much to-
gether, she had an opportunity to observe him
closely in his intercourse with the children, She
soon experienced no restraint in his presence, for
his respectful deference was peculiarly agreeable
to one who had formerly moved in refined and
elegant circles.
Myna continued to grow thinner and paler every
day. She had aslight hacking cough, and Hea-
err began to watch her anxiously. Grace was
walking alone in the garden one day, and she was
somewhat surprised at his sudden appearance in
the path before her, for she had eft him in the
library with Myra.
“Miss Nixes, may I telk with you awhile?”
Gnace signified her assent, and followed him to
the arbor with undefinable sensations, for his
manner was strange,
“Tam beginning to feel troubled about Myrna
—she has grown worse since I arrived—don't you
think so?”
“Yes, sir, and I have written to Mrs. ATHERTON
about it to-day.”
“Thank you, I am greatly relieved—I was going
to request this of you. Myna is a lovely girl. I
shall prolong my visit for ber sake, It seems
hard that she must leave the world while yet so
young,” and Henpenr sighed,
«Please do not speak of it—I cannot bear it yet.
She is the dearest friend that I have onearth.”
“Forgive me if I have pained you, Miss Niues”
—for Grace’s voice had sunk into 4 whisper, and
she burst into tears. Asudden impulse prompted
him to say “I will be your friend, if you consider
me worthy of the honor.” She raised her head,
and a look of warm ude shone from the soft,
hazel eyes,
——— ET TU U[S CUS SIS S| SDS So LL. ——
MOORS’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
“Thank you, Mr. Lesure, but our paths in life
diverge widely.” prt
«Modest worth is elevated above these distino-
tions. Permit me”—and he respectfully lifted
her hand to bis lips. ‘This seals the compact;
and now please remember that while I live you
have ‘a friend.’” His tone was earnest, and
hearing it, Grace knew that he meant what he
sod. After a time she talked more calmly of
Mrna, and somehow their conversation widened
and deepened upon subjects which discovered o
strange congeniality of sentiment, Gnace forgot
that she was a governess, and ere she was aware
of it, Heapert drew her into talking of herself.
Tho sorrowful story of her life was related in her
own touchingly, eloquent manner—telling it more
with ber changeful face and soft eyes, which grew
dark with intensity, or sent forth sudden gleams,
just as a streamlet will glide deep and still through
forests, aud then burst out into the sunshine upon
the plain before it wonds its way back again.
When they returned to the house, Grace went up
to her room, while Hernerr joined his cousin in
the library. New thoughts were surging through
the orphan’s mind, and she could see a hand
writing beautiful, glowing words upon the walls
of her heart. The language was strange, but still
her soulinterpreted the words, although they were
seen through a misty yeil—just as we sometimes
behold a transparent cloud wrapping its pearly
folds oyer the glorious, rising sup, not concealing
it, but softening its dazzling brilliancy. She sat
down to write, and she held the pen in ber hand
along time before it was dipped in the gilt ink-
stand which Ciartre had given her. I will take
an extract from her letter which may interest the
reader, It as addressed to an aunt who resided
in Central New York.
“T was sorry to hear of your anxiety upon my ac-
count; please do not feel troubled about me, for I am
yery happy here. Your kind invitation for me to come
and share your home was warmly appreciated; but I
knew of your limited Income, and duty urged me to seek
situation. Mra, ArueTon is very kind, and I am de-
yotedly attached to her children. She entertains a
great deal of fashionable socicty, (for there are mavy
country-seats of the wealthy in this viclnity,) but I see
little of it, for Myna’s delicate, nervous organization
cannot bear much excitement. The world never seem-
ed half as beautiful. There is a wondrous depth and
expansion of blue sky out here in the country, and I
have such delightful rambles in the deep woods. O,
how Flove them! and Myna docs, too, She is a dear
girl. We are more like companions than teacher and
pupil, for she is very mature for one of her years, and
our gouls often hold sweet communion together. A
cousin of hers is visiting here now. I like him very
much. There is a graceful ease and social polish In
his manners, and at times a strange depth in his dark
eyes, when he becomes interested upon some favorite
theme,”
When Hernenr entered the library he found
Myra reclining upon the sofa, with a book in her
hand. He came up bebind her very softly, and
she did not see him until he spoke— What are
you reading, little cousin ?”
“My Bible,” and Myra’s eyes looked uncom-
monly large and brilliant when they turned upon
the young man. She would have said more, but
her cough prevented. A pang shot through his
heart, and dropping by the sofa he drew her head
to his shoulder.
“Do you cough much now?”
“No, only mornings.” The two cousins made a
beautiful picture.
Mrra’s curls swept Hennenr's cheek, and a sad-
ness stole over his face as he bent his handsome
head over her, The setting sun shone in at the
large bay-window upon them, and trailed rosy
bars of light across the dark wainscoting of the
lofty room; for Mrs, Arxerron’s house was built
in the style of old English manors. This library
was adorned with the portraits of the family, in
heavy gilt frames, and there were several rare
painting, of Italian scenery. There was also an
elegantly carved mahogany bookcase, and the
costly bindings of several hundred volumes shone
through the glass doors,
“T have been reading this,” and Myna’s soft
voice took up the sweet words of Cunist—‘‘‘ Let
not your heart be troubled—ye believe in Gon,
believe also in me. In my Father's house are
many mansions; if it were not so, I would have
told you. I go to prepare a place for you—ond if
I go and prepare a place for you, I willcome again,
and receive you to myself, that where I am there
ye may be also.’ I do want to go,” and there was
the old dreamy look in Myra’s eyes, ‘Don’t you
think that angels hover around us sometimes,
cousin Herperr?”
“Yes, darling, the pure and good often feel their
influence; but why do you ask?”
‘Oh, it seems as if papais near me sometimes.”
T presume that hedoes watch over you, Myra,”
and he pressed a kiss upon her fair brow.
“Do you think so? It makes me very happy to
believe that.” A sudden animation lit up the
pale face.
“ Always believe it then, for nothing can harm
us that brings holy and good thoughts to our
minds.”
The cousins had many such conversations to-
gether during Herpent’s visit, but sometimes
Myrna would talk of her governoss, and then her
listener appeared much interested, He never
seemed weary of hearing her praises from the
artless lips. One day it happened that Grace and
Hersent were left alone in the library. He took
down a volume of Scorr’s poems from the book-
case, and read several passages from ‘The Lady
ofthe Lake.” His clearintonations, accompanied
by occasional suggestions and explanations of his
own, made the time pass very agreeably to his
attentive listener. At length he closed the book,
snying—‘ How do youlike this poem, Miss Nixes?”
“Oh, yery much—it carries me into a sort of
dream world, where all is strangely beautiful—at
least some parts of it affect me thus.”
They talked a long time, and when Henpent
said, with one of his rare smiles, “Our tastes are
similar—we shall be very good friends,” Grace
could not help marking the earnestness which
made his eyes grow dark.
Aletter from Mrs, Lxstre suddenly summoned
her son to New York, and he departed, leaving
Myrna sad, but somewhat comforted by his last
words—I will come back when aunt returns, and
then, perhaps, yon will be able to enjoy some
pleasure excursions.” Gnacr felt a strange
heaviness when he bade her “‘ good-bye,” saying,
“T trust that we part friends.”
“Yes,” and there was an ingeouous blush upon
her checks. But now the welcome guest had left
Willow Dell, and Caancie wandered through the
house whistling to himself, as if endeavoring to
overcome the sense of loneliness which pressed
heavily upon his beart, too. Two days after
Henvenr’s departure, a carriage laden with tranks
drove leisurely ap the avenue, and Cuantre came
running in, exclaiming, ‘Mama bas come, and
there is adady with her.”
Chapter III.
Mrs, Arnertay bad not received the letter from
Grace, but she felt wearied, and concluded to
return before the expected time. The young
lady who accompanied her she introduced as
“Miss Geatrope Berxont,”’ @ rich Southern
heiress, and the daughter of an old friend. She
was a very handsome, stylish-looking girl, and
wore the air of one who was accustomed to admi-
ration, and idolized it with all the intensity of her
nature, Mrs, Arnenton had met her at Nahant,
and persuaded her to spend a few weeks at Willow
Dell, upon her homeward route to Virginia. Miss
Betwont’s education had been such as to nourish
selfishness and pride, She possessed a disposition
so artful and designing, accompanied with fascina-
ting manners, beauty, and wit, that crowds of
admirers attended her triumphal appearance in
society. She had become a confirmed coquette,
and now it was necessary for her happiness to
have at least twenty flirtations during a season.
Mrs. Atnerton was delighted upon hearing of
Hernent’s return, and before she retired that
night she wrote a letter:
“My Dean Nepoew :—I want to lecture you soundly
for going off before I had returned. You must come
back immediately, and your mother and Aunt Ray-
MOND must accompany you. A Miss Beuaonr is here
from the South, and you can ‘play the agreeable? to
her, for she must not die of ennuf; and now, I think of
it, bring Canare and her aflanced, Mr. Sanprorp,”
So ran a part of this epistle.
The next day Grace sought Mrs. Atagrton,
and informed her of Mrna’s symptoms,
“Well, I don’t think that we need be alarmed
about her yet,” was the thoughtless mother’s
reply. ‘Her health always begins to fuil this
time of the year. Dr. Txonnton knows how to
strengthen her up—he must call to see her to-day.
Thave just sent for Herserr to come out to Wil-
low Dell, with some city relations, for you know
I must entertain our visitor agreeably—so I shall
leaye Myra in your charge. But there are some
presents in my trunk.” The lady soon produced
an elegant dress-pattern, ‘(This black silk is for
you, and Jane must make it up this week. Your
kind attention to my children is appreciated.”
Grace’s eyes filled with grateful tears, and she
warmly expressed her thanks. “You are per-
fectly welcome to ity’and here are some jet brace-
lets to matoh.”” Bfs, Armenron could not have
chosen more appropriate gifts, for Grace's ward-
robe was not very extensive, although her exquis-
ite taste had made it appear more ample than it
really was.
The gentleman put on @ very sober face, and
called out, “Miss Betaonr, will you please extri-
cate me from my embarrassing position? Here
this little lady bas actually won the game from
me three times in succession.”
“Tinfer that you wish me to take her place,
and let you win now,” said Gentnupe, smiling.
“That is precisely what I desire,” he replied
with comic gravity, for Hanny SANDFORD was fond
of a joke, and his playful jests made him a great
favorite with the ladies. His manners were also
very pleasing, and this, joined with an income of
six thousand a year, made bim quite a “lion” in
the fashionable circles.
“Do come, Miss Bersonr, for he is in a very
precarious situation,” and Carrie sprang up from
her chair. So Herserr crossed the room with
Genrrupe, who accepted the challenge; and the
two cousins watched the game with some interest,
but then Herpenr left them to join Myrna, After
tea, music was proposed, and as Grace was re-
quested to play, she sat down to the piano, and
Herserr turned the leaves while she sang a few
songs. But she excused herself as soon as polite-
ness would allow, for Myra looked weary, and
they left the room together.
“Miss Nites is very attentive to her charge,”
remarked the soft voice of Mrs. Lestre, when the
door had closed behind them.
“Ob, yes! I feel under lasting obligations to
sister Many, for sending me such a prize,” was
the mother’s complacent reply. “She seems very
well bred, too, and there is a graceful ease in her
manners, which is truly charming.”
“She came of an old family, and was not bred
for a teacher,” Mra. Rayon remarked.
Henserr felt gratified to hear his mother’s
meed of praise, and Gerraupe saw it with o pang
of jealousy.
“They all seem to be captivated by this upstart
governess, and construe her impudence into good
breeding,” she thought, and again the heiress
employed a}! her fuscinations to win Herpert’s
Advertisements.
DP RAFNESS_ CORED, HOWEVER
AUSED,
ally or by letter, at NO. 974 Brondway, New Yorn Papo
So ae Serna VAL
INTER WORK {Prom Uires
day can be made, Work easy ce era
tamp for particulars. G..0,
stamp for partic Drawer 13, Hockaee N.Y.
GENTS WANTED !— POPE GRE
RUSS AND WEATHER MIRROR! Aron ota
Ounosity, Consulted every day by every body, Seni
stamp for particulars, which are free,
rests 1G. ©. OLARK, Drawer 212, Rochester, N.Y,
RGE TURKEYS,—1 shal) have for sale after Nove
i a fini Yi
Ist a fine lot of
ree Ring dak ‘OUNG TuakEys,—old stock weig!
ht colored, $5 per
OCKS. #5 per pair.
JOHN R PAGE
EW GROCERY ESTABLISHMENT,
No. 20 Front Street, Rochester, N. Y.
JOHN J. JARVIS has opened a Grocery
in be hid a choice Tot at Grocers Tea Tee
irs, Molasses, Spices, iD ve Currant
Nuumexs, indigo, Tobacco, Olgars, &c. a
JOTIN J.
Rochester, Sept, 13, 1859. baat
UANO.—We would call the attention of Guano Deal.
era, Planters aod Farmers to the art
on hand and for svle at THIRTY PER CENT, LESS THAN
PERUVIAN GUAND, and which we claim to be superior to
4 Guano or fertilizer ever imported or manufactured in.
thiscountry. This Guano is Imported by WM. H. WEBB,
of New York, from Jarvis & Bakers’ Island, in the “South
Pacific Ocean," and Is gold genuine and pure as Imported,
It has been satisfactorily tested by many of our prominent
Farmers, and analyzed by the most eminent and pepular
Agricultural Chemists and found to contain (as will
by our circulars) large per centage of Bone Phosphate of
Ama and Phosphorio Acid, and other animal organic
maiter, yieldiog ammonia suffi ‘lent to produce Immediate
abundant crops, besides subslantially enriching the soil Tt
can be freely used without danger of burning the seed or
plant hy coming incontact with {t, as is the case mith some
other fertilizers; retaining a greht degree of moisture, it
causes the plant to erow In a healthy condition, ad as
experience has proved, free of fi For orders in any
qoantlty, Cepich wlll De promptly attended to,) or pain.
phiets containing fall particulars Of analyses and tests ef
farmers; apply 10 OWN B. SARDY, Agent
606188 No, 68 South st., corner of Wall at, N. ¥.
w
2 seen
Wipe he Pre Dp.
attention, for a little rivalry was a sufficient in-
centive to the artful coquette at anytime. Before
sunset that evening the gentleman went to sce
Myrna.
“How is our invalid now?’ he inquired os
Cuarcie opened the door,
“Ob, I am resting; come in, cousin!” said a
faint voice from the sofa. Hennerr obeyed, and
Grace arose from the low stool where she had
been sitting. They stood together near Mrra’s
head, while Caantre leaned upon the other end of
the sofa, A new idea seemed to flash through the
boy’s mind, for he suddenly clapped his bands,
exclaiming, ‘Oh, sister! don't Heapert and
Grace (she had long before this requested the
children to drop her formal appellation) look near
enough alike to be brother and sister 27,
“Thave thought so a great many times,” was
the artless reply.
Grace turned away her head quickly, bot not
before the gentleman had caught a glimpse of the
sudden light breaking through the rosy glow upon
her face. A deep conviction of what prompted it
settled in his heart, and there was a new tender-
ness in his tones when he bade her good night,
which made her strangely happy, The interest
which her acquaintance had inspired, during his
Dr. Taornron came that afternoon, and his
countenance was very serious. Grace watched
him closely, and ber heart sank within her. The
mother seemed alarmed, too, and anxiously await-
ed the result; but she took comfort from the
assurance that Myra was in no immediate danger.
Return mail brought nothing from New York, but
the following day the sudden advent of Mrs,
Aruenrton’s city friends, threw her into a state of
pleasurable excitement. Henrnert immediately
sought his cousin Myrna, and her joyous face told
more than her words how happy she was to meet
him again. Grace seemed pleased, too, and an
hour soon passed very swiftly over the trio.
Then, there came a rap at the door, and Mrs.
Aruenton entered, followed by the ladies. There
was her sister, Mrs. Raysonp, with her daughter
Cannis, and Hexpenr’s mother. Grace perceived
at once that the latter was different from either of
her sisters, for she was a dignified woman, without
coldness or hauteur, and her manners were dis-
tinguished by that repose which characterizes a
true lady. She had a yery peaceful, sunny coun-
tenance, and looking at her for the first time, our
heroine felt that she was all that Henasrr's
mother should be. Mrs. Raywonp was a gay,
social lady, much like Myma’s mother, and Carrie
was what education had made her—a butterfly of
fashion, lovely in person, and naturally of an
amiable disposition; but she was a petted, spoiled
girl, and dress, gay society, and worldly pleasure
was her constant delight. Gnace thought that
she saw a deep under-current of lively sensibili-
ties and affectionate impulses beneath the frothy
surface of her character, for she embraced Myna
very warmly, and then turned away her head to
hide the tears which sprang to her eyes upon
beholding her cousin's evident decline,
“Tm not going to let you remain here any
longer,” said Mrs. ArsurtoN, peremptorily, when
they had chatted awhile with the invalid. “Miss
Bexwont and Mr. SanpForp are alone in the
parlor, and we must join them. Do you feel able
to go down this afternoon, my daughter ?”
“Oh yes, mama,” and Henverr offered his arm.
“We will fix a nice seat for you,” said he.
“Come, Miss Nires, you are going, too?”
“Cortainly, Gnace,” said Mrs. Arnerron, nod-
ding pleasantly,—and so she went.
When Myrna was comfortably seated in a large,
easy chair, Henpert’s aunt drew him across the
room, to be introduced to Miss Brtmonr, for he
had not seen her yet, The gentleman was accus-
tomed to meeting with beautiful women, therefore
he betrayed no peculiar signs of admiration when
presented to Gznrnups. Perhaps this was what
piqued her vanity, for she certainly exerted herself
to please this fastidious young man that afternoon.
She was brilliant in conversation, and her spark-
ling witshone to the best advantage, and effectu-
ally engrossed Henpent’s attention for some time;
but she noticed that his eyes occasionally wandered
to where Grace sat with her charge. Mr. Sayp-
Forp was having a game of backgammon with his
betrothed, and at length a burst of musical
laughter from Cann proclaimed her victory.
two weeks’ visit at Willow Dell, had been deepen-
ing ever since, and now, when he thought over
her superior qualities of mind and heart, Hersenr
knew that he had found his ‘“‘soul’s elect.” But
he resolved not to make this known to her at
present, until he had derived more evidence of ao
reciprocal attachment.
There is an old saying that “Delay is danger-
ous;” and how many times has this proved true
in our own lives! A strange fatality often causes
procrastinations, which may appear very trifling,
but are so connected and interwoven in the chain
of circumstances, that time has proved them im-
portant links, and set them up as shining way-
marks upon life’s road.
One morning, while Mrs. Armerron’s guests
were lingering around the breakfast-table, engaged
in pleasant desultory chat, she remarked, ‘ Gen-
tlemen, I know that the young ladies would enjoy
ahorseback ride this fine morning. That thunder
shower last night has laid the dust, and the air is
very fresh.”
“T am always a willing cavalier,’ said Mr,
Sanprorp, jumping up and bowing very gallantly
to the ladies.
“(So am I,” added Hennenr, with less alacrity.
“Oh, I’m so glad! Now you can use that beau-
tiful riding-suit which I saw in your room, Miss
Betwonr; but what shall I do, aunt?” and Carnie
drew down her face, as if in a dilemma,
“Never fear! I can provide you with one.
Now remember, girls, I shall have the horses
around in a half hour, so you must be ready,” for
they were leaving the room together. GernrrupE
was not displeased with having an opportunity
for displaying her elegant figure upon horseback,
and she heard the arrangement with inward de-
light. She did make o splendid appearance,
Grace thought, for she watched the riding-party
as they went down the avenue, until Gerrrupe’s
waving plumes were no longer visible. Myra
was leaning upon the arm of her governess, and
she said, “That Southern lady is very beautiful,
but I never could love her,”
“Why, darling?”
“Oh, she has such a scornful expression about
her lips sometimes, and then her eyes have a
strange glitter, too.”
Gnace had marked it. There had been a reserve
between the two ever since their first introduction,
for Miss Betwoxr was naturally overbearing, and
since Henperr’s arrival, her restraint toward
Gnace almost approached to rudeness, at times.
(Concluded next week.)
S—_—.:
Surer.—The keenest pang of remorse, as paint-
ed by the great poet, is that it “‘ murders sleep ;”
and the choicest boon that man receives from his
Maker is described in that pregnant line go beau-
tifully pharapbrased by England’s noblest female
poet—“ He giveth his beloved sleep.”
eS
Tnoe beauty is but virtue made visible in out-
ward grace. Beauty and vice are disjointed by
nature herself.
THE CHEAPEST & MOST DURABLE IN USE.
We have been unable daring the past three months to
supply the demand for this. Pipe, but have recently made
arrangements for the manufacture on a more extended
scale, and hope Lereafter tobe able to fill all orders
promptly.
This Pipe ls made of Pine Timber, in sections elght feet
long. [tls easily laid down, not liable to cet ont of order,
and If properly lald, is thé most durable of any kind of
e In use,
Ve can produce any amount of evidence of ita durability,
capacity, streneth and superlority over any otter.
be price of the size commonly used for farm purposes,
is 4 cents per foot atthe Ractory.
Our Manufactory is at Tonawanda, Erie Go,, but orders
should be directed to us at 4 Arcade Rochester, N.Y
HOBBIE & 00.
(0 HOUSEKEEPERS, —SOMETHING NEW.
B. T. BABBITT’S
|. BEST MEDICINAL SALERATUS,
G8 Temanufactured from common salt, and Is pre
pared entirely different from other Saleratus.
All the deleterious matter extracted in auch &|
xD manner as to produce Bread, Bisculh, and all
kinds of Oake, without containing a particle of
"7 Saeratus when, the Bread or Cake ls baked; )"7()
thereby producing wholesome results. Every
particle of Saleratua is turned to gaa, and passes
GRerovsh the Bread or Biscuit while Baking; con- (83
sequently nothing remains but common. Salt,
Water and Flour, You will readily perceive by
ithe taste of this Saleratus that it is entirely differ-
Tt is packed in one pound papers, each wrapper,
branded, “B. T. Babbitt's Beat Medicinal Salera-|
68
AND
70
Full directions for making Bread with this Sal-
leratus and Sour Milk or Cream Tartar, will ac-
company each peceaner also, directions for mak-'
ling all kinds of Pastry; also, for Bo
Water and Seldlitz Powders.
MAKE YOUR OWN SOAP,
wits
Babbitt’s Pure Concen-
trated Potash.
Warranted double the strength of ordinary Pot.
fash. “Put up in cans—1B.. 2s. 3 ms. o me, and) ey
12 hs.—with full directions for making Hard and|
Soft Soap, Consumers will find this the cheapest}
Potash in’ market.
Manufactured and for sale by
B. T. BABBITT,
70 Nos, 68 and 70 Washington st., New York,
(501 snd No. 83 India st., Boston.|
MA YWouR OWN SOAP.
SAPONIFIER:
OR,
PURE CONCENTRATED POTASH.
B. T.
68
70
68
Warranted le the strength of ordinary Potash. One
ound will mi elve gallons good strong Soap, without
ime and wit trouble, Manufactared and put up in
1,2 4and6 in lumps, with directions, atthe OxaL-
Laxas CuEMt fons, New Yoo
rie.
E.R. DURKEE & 00,
181 Pearl street, N. ¥., Proprietors,
500-256
Bold everywhere. 500.
FAtBroRT CHEMICAL Wonks.
D. B. DeLAND,
Acknowledging the favor and patronage which have been
bestowed upon him by the Trade and eee es ‘the com-
mencement of his enterprise, respectfully {nforms his pa-
trons and the public generally, that with greatly increased
facilities he continues to mauufacture a superior article of
SALERATUS, PURE CREAM TARTAR, BI OAR-
BONATE OF SODA, SAL ba ee
The above articies will be soid in all varieties of packages,
at as low prices as they are afferded by any other manu
turer, and in every case warranted pure and of superior
quality, Orders respectfully solicited and prompt
@- Consumers of Saleratus, Cream Tartar, an
bonate of Soda should be careful to purchase that
eae of DB mer on the wrapper, ag they
in a pure article.
Fairport, Monroe Oo., N. ¥. rotf
Als HOUSE, Broadway, New York.—Ail the
used here comes from a Farm carried on for the
express and sole purpose of Vegetables,
Poultry, ‘and Pork to this House, The Oows feed in
bi f Hi d Meal, and Ip Summer on rich
Peniteg and Mew only. (401 O. A. STRTEON,
IME.—Page’s Perpetual Kiln, Patented Joly, 57,
for Wood or Coal. 33 cords of
een eeTOF 27 doal to 100 bhi —coal not mixed with
mone. Ad Gi)? 0. D. PAGH Rochester, N. ¥.
SS
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
Agricultural, Literary ad Family Weekly,
ay D. D. 7, MOORE, ROCHESTER, N. Y.
Ofice, Union Buildings, Opposite the Court House, Buffalo St.
TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
Two Dollara a Year—4} for six months, To Clubs
and Agents as follows :—'Three Copies one year, for 05; Six,
and one free to club agent, for #10; Ten, and one free, for
#15; Sixteen, and one free, for #22; Twenty, and one free,
for #26; Thirty-two, and two free, for #40, (or Thirty for
997,50,) and any greater number at same rate — only #1,95
per copy—with an extra copy for every Ten Subscribers
over Thirty, Club papers sent to different Postoflices ifde-
sired, Aas we pre-pay American postage on papers sent to
the British Provinces, our Canadian agents and frlegds must
add 12} cents per copy to the club rates of the Ronat—
The lowest price of copies sent to Europe &c., 1s only #2~
aes tage.
Wacinsladiag post eTwenty-Fire Cents a Line, each, {nser-
ton, payable in advance, Our rule is to give no ad ertlse-
ment, unless very brief, more than elx to elght consecutive
Insertlona, Patent Medicines, &c.. ure not advertibed 1n
the Ronat on any conditions.
"Taz Postace ‘on rae Ronat fs only 354 cents per qiyarter
la State, and 6% cents to any other St}
pald quarterly in advance at the post-office where recal fred-
Iv ordering the Ronat please send us the best m
convenlently obtainable, and do sot forget to give you
jddress—the name of Post-Oflice, and also State, &c,
te bf
to any part of th
TWO DOLLARS A YEAR)
“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.”
[SINGLE NO. FOUR CENTS.
VOL. X. NO. 43.
ROCHESTER, N. Y.—FOR. THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, OCTOBER 22, 1859.
{WHOLE NO. Sit.
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
AM ORIGINAL WEEKLY
BURAD, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE,
With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors,
‘frm Rorat New-Yorxen !s designed to be unsurpamed
fn Value, Purity, Usefulness and Variety of Contents, and
‘unique and beautiful In Appearance. Its Conductor devotes
his personal attention to the supervision of its various do-
partments, and earnestly labora to render the RUAAL an
‘@minently Reliable Guide on all the important Practleal,
Selentific and other Subjects Intimately connected with the
Duainess of those whose Interests it zealously advocates —
It ewbraces more Agricultural, Horticultural, Sclentific,
Educational, Literary and News Matter, interspersed with
appropriate and beautiful Engravisgs, than any other jour-
Bal,—rendering it the moat complete Acricuntunat, Lir-
ERany AND Famity Newsearen in America.
£27 All commnnicationa, and business letters, should be
addrosaed to D. D. T, MOORE, Rochester, N. Y.
Fon Tenas and other particulars, see last page,
NEW YORK STATE FAIR.
EVENING DISCUSSIONS.
A very creditable desire was shown by the
farmers in attendance at the State Fair to improve
every moment; and notwithstanding all were
weary with the labors of the day, the evening
discussions were well attended. The large and
beautiful Lecture Room of the State Agricultural
Socioty, was literally crowded until nearly ten
o'clock each evening. We did not reach Albany
in time for the discussion of Tuesday, but took
full notes of what was said on Wednesday and
Thursday evenings. We have only room for our
report of the meeting held on Wednesday eve-
ping, and in the next number will give that for
Thursdoy, and perhaps o few suggestions as to
the best way to render Agricultural Discussions
interesting and profitable.
Ar the suggestion of Hon, ©. Perens, of
Darien, Col. Zanock Prarr was called to the
Chair. Mr. Perens announced the subject pro-
posed for discussion as Manures, and the Best
Modes of Applying them, ond remarked that this
Was a very important question, for many farmers
had learned that they could not grow crops with-
ovt manures, and others were fast learning this
important lesson, whereupon,
Ww. Prose, of Onondaga, spoke of his system.
He used from 20 to 25 londs to the acre. Apply it
generally in the spring, and plow under as soon
4s practicable. Takes long, dripping manure
from the barn-yard, spreads it on the land, plows
‘under, and plants corn—next year barley, and next
wheat. Then lays downtoclover. The President
inquired if Mr. P, could live by such a system if
he employed a man to do the work. To which he
replied that he commenced with nothing, bad paid
for his farm, and had a little money left toexpend
in attending the State Fair.
Mr. Winner, of Cayuga, thought manureshould
wy
dormant unless it ean come near the surface, His
farm was mostly in grass, and he applied manure
in September ond October, on the surface, Its
effect on the growing grass can be seen for half o
mile. If manure is applied in the spring it is
lifted up by the growing grass, clogs the machine,
nod its full benefit is not gained until the follow-
ing year. A good wayof manuringisto put sheep
on the grass in the fall, and allow them to eat
down to the roots. Had one meadow, giving fine
crops, that had never been plowed since the crea-
tion, and of course it had received no other than
surface monuring.
Mr. Lyons, of Lewis county, bad cultivated what
was called a hungry or leachy soil, Plowed
manure in just as itcame from the barn, and deep.
That which did not decompose the first year was
not lost, it was aynilable afté® the hexy plowing.
He did not believe in the leaching of manures.
Manure water poured ona barrel of sand would
leach through pure water. He did not, either,
believe in late fall pasturing, as recommended by
Mr, Auuen.
Mr. Wixeaar, in reply to the remarks of Mr.
Perers, that nature had pleced manure on the
surface, said that nature did no plowing. The
greatest difficulty with bim was to get the manure
under, Had no fears of getting it too deep.
A. Gotpsmitx, of Orange county, said inorganic
mapures may be spread on the surface without
logs, in fact they would be likely to gain ammonia
from the atmosphere.
Mr. Coutts, of Lewis county, bad a piece of
land which had been in grass over fifty years. It
pom Producas over three tons to a
et ever manured, excepto
The effect of surface mavuring on this grass could
be seen for five years.
Mr, Marks, of Oonondaga, was first taught that
manure sbould be plowed in, but often saw no
good effects from the manure he used. Now he
composted in the yard, and drew to the fields in
September or October, and applied on the surface.
Some years ago he had resolved never to plow
under manure again, but last spring deviated from
this purpose, and well plowed under twenty cords
per acre, and planted corn; the crop is not much
better than where nomanure wasused. Hewould
never bury manure again, as he invariably got the
best results from surface manuring.
Mr. Syxvester, of Lyons, always plowed under
manure. Was so particular to have it covered,
that if be drew maoure to his fields in the winter,
he covered the piles with swamp muck. Obtained
a field that was so poor it did not produce six
bushels of corn to the acre the year before—ma-
nured it heavy with stable manure, plowed it
under deep, and the first year got eighty bushels
shelled corn to the acre. The soil is a clay loam,
north of the village of Lyons.
Mr. Geppes, of Ooondaga, said such experiments
‘as that stated by Mr, Sy-vester were apt tolead to
error. It was complicated. Mr. S. had plowed
deep, broken up the subsoil, which perhaps had
not been done before, and this, in addition to the
manure, gaye a good crop. He was indebted to
Mr. Mangs, of his county, who taught him by ex-
ample to put manure on the surface, but Jouy
Jonnstos was the first man who had the boldness
to recommend such a course in print. The object
to be sought in manuring is to make the grass
grow; this fills theearth with roots, which rot and
greatly enrich the soil. Mr, G. found manure to
pay better upon grass and wheat than upon avy
‘be plowed under, as a general rule, but had found
a top dressing excellent for wheat.
Mr. Mosery, of Onondaga, had learned much
about manures and their management from Jouy
Jonxstox, of Geneva, and had, in the main, adopt-
ed his mode. Stabled his stock, and made the
most of the manure, Drew it to the fields in the
winter directly from the stable, and threw it on
the snow. In this way did not have to draw as
mnch water as though it hed Jain soaking until
spring—drawing does not cut up the land, andthe
work is done ataleisure time. As soon as the
ground was ready, plow it in lightly. In this way
he had subdued beavy clay knolls, and made them
as mellow as an ash heap,
Mr, Perens said he differed with some gentle-
men in regard to the application of manure, He
would not plow in manure deep. Bury it ten
inches or so and the roots of plants would have
difficulty in finding it, The second time of plow-
ing he would plow deep, so as to sandwich the
Manure between the two plowings. Nature ap-
plied her manure on the surface, and she had made
© Wise provision for an annual manuring. His
experience was that manure placed on or near the
Surface, produced the most satisfactory results.
Lawis F. Auuey, of Black Rock, said any general
rule for the application of manure will prove a
fallacy. One system will not do forall soils. Clay
Soil retains manure as it does water, and it remains
other crops. Apply manure upon wheat as atop
dressing, in the full or early in the winter, and
it will remain green os a meadow through the
winter; even upon knolls where the snow was
blown off. Had called the attention of Mr. Perens
to this, and he expressed fears that it would not
stand through, but his fears were groundleas. In
answer to the inquiry, whether drilling had not
been the cause of the thrift of his wheat, Mr, G.
said that all his wheat was drilled, and only apart
top-dressed, and this part showed the vigor thro’
winter, of which he spoke. Mr. G. inquired of
farmers present, whether they had ever derived
any benefit from the use of plaster before the
clover came up. He wished them to give alittle
attention to this subject, as his experience was
that plaster required the leaf to operate upon.
Mr, Cuester, of Ulster, had found manure ap-
plied in all ways beneficial—the question, anda
very important one, which was the best way to
apply it. Mr, C. generally plowed six or seven
inches deep, and then harrowed. Farm, a sandy
loam; brought manure from the city. Always
used composted manure; had tried coarse manure
and found it far less profitable than that which
was composted. A little compost in the hill would
Produce better results thon alarge dressing plowed
or dragged in. Last year plowed in manure, and
did. not Teceive fire per cent. of the benefit he
would, hadit been used in the hill. Neverlet land
lie in grass for a series of years—could not be
satisfied with a small crop—broke it up, manured,
and made it produce abundantly,
‘L.F. Avven said grazing lund in Kentucky that
never plowed, was worth from $100 to $170 per
e, and would keep a bullock to the acre. The
cattle was fed upon it, and that was all the manure
the land got, From these lands came the fine
Kentucky catile to the New York market. Some
time since Mr. A. spent a day at Mr. Patrenson’s
farm in Maryland. When he came in possession
of it, it was poor, worn out Itnd, not worth $5 an
acre, Mr. P, bought lime-stone land, made lime,
and scattered it over his poor soi), until it looked
as though it had been visited by a snow storm,
No manure was applied bot lime and plaster, and
now this land produced 244 tongof hay to the acre.
A. L, Fise of Herkimer, owned a furm 800 feet
above the Mohawk, on the south side, When he
came in possession of it, it was very poor—could
not make grass grow. The hard problem with
him was, how to commence to improve. He
plowed, planted to corn, and manured in the hill
with artificial manure. Fed the corn and stalks
to cows, carefully saved all the manure, and drew
itoutio the winter. Manure should be thoroughly
mixed with the soil. Manure itself will not grow
plants, nor will poor soil, but when both are well
mixed together, healthy plants and a good crop
may be expected, He plowed deep and then
sowed clover, which succeeded, and the difficulty
was then overcome. Now tht product of his farm
was four times what it way twenty years ago.
Then twenty-five head of cattle was all the farm
would support; pow be kep) sixty, and all done
i jepure Pradnesdunng) the farm, with the
ton of a little gumag,ait first, to get n-start.
Mr. Bartierr of Dutchess, made a good deal
of manure by stabling his cattle. Would recom-
mend to farmers a course which he had pursued
with advantage. Wherever he noticed a poor
knoll, or & poor spot anywhere on his farm, as
shown by the crop, he put stakes to mark it, and
at the proper time applied manure liberally to
these places, just as he would notice and nurse a
weak Jamb in the flock.
A. Goupssura of Orange, said all farmers know
that land can be kept in grass a long time, but the
great mojority, he thought, considered it a very
uvprofitable practice. Gentlemen said that after
top-dressing from year to yeur, fine grass was
produced, Then he advised that it be plowed
under, so 48 to enrich the soil. Was astonished
to hear any one say that manure could be applied
to wheat and gress more profitably than to any
other crops. Corn would grow in a manure heap,
and no crop was more benefited by manuring.
James Wituis of Queens, said his methed of
manuring corn was to draw out the manure in
the fall aod plow it under in the spring.
Sono» Ropinson wished those present who were
giving advice, to remember that the most difficult
thing was to commence improving poor land,
Afier o good commencement, progress was easy
enough. He had some very poor land; couldn’t
ufford to buy guano, or other manures, to enrich
it; bad no stock, and what could he do?
Mr. Fisu recommended the planting of corn,
and the use of ashes and vightsoil in the hill.
Zapvock Prarr said in the Catskills they placed
the tanbark, aud the fallen leaves from the woods,
inthe barnyard. This soon made manure, and
was placed upon corn land. This was the way the
furmera of Catskill commenced to enrich their
land.
Mr, Perens thought be might aid Mr, Roprxson
in his effort to make the “desert blossom as the
rose,” by giving a brief statement of a case of
improvement in Genesee county. There was a
streak of poor land lying south of his residence,
80 very poor that it would not grow grass. A
number of years since o German bought three
acres of this land. He sunk an old barrel, and
into it was emptied all the slops from the honse,
When it became strong it was placed over a emall
piece of land, and the barrel was refilled. In this
way about a quarter of au acre was enriched ond
planted with cabbage plants, and these, as they
grew, were refreshed and fed by the contents of
the barrel, The result was a very great crop of
cabbage, These were fed to a cow, all the stock
the owner kept, and the manure applied to the
soil. The next year more than half an acre was
enriched. That three acre farm had grown into
fifty acres as good Jand as there was in Genesee
county,
A.B. Coxcen, President of the State Agricul-
tural Society, said he regretted that the discussion
had not been a little more philosophical. There
Was some good in all that had been said, but there
were principles well settled in agricultural philos-
ophy which might account for the different expe-
riences of the speakers. It had been settled in
England that nitrogenous manures were the best
for grasses, and phosphatic manures for legamin-
ous plants, Fermenting manures had been talked
about. Fermentation was the process of decompo-
sition; it was another word for dissipation, Unless
something is done to arrest it, it would destroy the
manure. On the best mode of applying, there
was but one rule. The manure was for the benefit
of the roots, and should be placed where it can
be within their reach, Mr, C. said his object in
rising was not to talk himself, but to introduce a
farmer from Massachusetts, the Hoo. Josian
Quincy, Jr., who bad bad great succesy in soiling,
and could impart valuable information on that
subject.
Mr. Quixcy said he would make but a simple
statement of his practice, Owned a farm that
twenty years ago produced only twenty tuns of
hay; now it gave him every year three hundred.
This improvement was effected by the introduc-
tion of the English system of soiling. The saving
of fencing by this system would be immense. On
one hundred acres he had not au interior fence.
Farmers do not appreciate the value of cow ma-
nure. Most of his information was derived from
Mr. Dana, a chemist, and author of the Muck
Manual. We was chemist to the manufacturers
of Lowell, and cow manure was the only thing
known that would se¢ colors, until Mr. Dana, by
studying the composition of cow manure, discoy-
ered the principle in the manure so necessary to
the manufacturers, and taught them how it could
be obtained in a better and cheaper way, A cow
will produce about 3!¢ cords of solid manure in a
year, and the liquid manure is equal to about 3
cords of the solid. If dry muck was used in the
stables, this quantity would be increased three-
fold, making it about 20 cords o year to each cow.
Such manure, within five or eight miles of Boston,
was worth from $5 to $8 per cord. From these
figures, he had come to the conclusion that the
manure of a cow was as valuable as her milk;
but, for fear he was over-estimating its value, he
submitted the question to Mr. Dana, who had
giyen perhaps more time and study to this subject
than any other man, and Mr. D. pronounced his
estimate correct. On this authority, therefore,
he would state that the manure of a cow was as
valuable as her milk, The farmers of this country
have not yet learned bow much can be done ona
little land. The laws of Frauce divide the farms
among the children, and it is estimated that there
are in that country 250,000 farms less than five
acreseach. The farmers gf this country should
divide their farms with their sons, instead of
sending them West, and grow a large amount of
produce on a small breadth of land, and great
good would result to both old and young.
Se
CURING, SMOKING AND KEEPING HAMS,
‘A MOST VALUABLE AND SEASONABLE ARTICLE.
Eps. Rorat New-Yonker:— Having seen in
your paper of Oct. 1st, an article by C. I. S., Mill
Creek, Erie Co., Pa., requesting some ove to send
a recipe to keep haus and shoulders after they are
smoked, permit me to give you my experience for
the benefit of C. I. S., and your readers in general,
Formerly I tried keeping hams and shoulders in
salt, and also in groin, but they would dissolve the
salt or mould in the grain, T then tried keeping
them in pounded charcoal with no better effect. I
next tried dry ashes, but unless the hams were
very dry when put up they would taste of the
ashes. I then tried sewing them up in coarse
cloth and white washing them several times over,
as I bad seen them in that condition in market;
but they did not keep well—would either mould
or the lime would crack and the flies get in.
For a number of yenrs I have adopted a new
method and never failed to keep them sweet and
free from mould or flies. I prepare a sack for each
ham, A yard square of good sheeting is sufficient
fora goodsizedham, After the hams are smoked,
and before apy flies haye infected them, I put them
up, one inasack. I take sweet hay and cut it (in
a cutting-box) about one inch long, und fill in the
sack and around the ham, so that the ham cannot
touch the bag. Tie a cord around the open end
and hang them up in the smoke-house or some
cool, dry place, and they can be kept any length
of time; the bag and hay will keep away the flies
and allow the moisture to escape so they will not
mould,
Hams should always be well cured before they
are smoked. I have seen several good recipes ip
the Ruran, foreuring hams. The following is my
method, and I have often been asked how I could
keep them through the summer and have them of
so fine a flavor:
Recire ror Cuntxe Haws —To one gallon of
water take one and a half pounds of good salt, one
half pound of sugar, ond balf au ounce saltpetre—
to be increased in this ratio to apy quantity re-
quired to cover the hams. As soon 48 your pork
is cold cut out the hams and pack them closely in
youreask. Sprinkle each layer lightly with fine
salt — put on a weight and pour on the brine im-
mediately, and before the juice of the ham has
escaped. It will reqnire from four to six weeks
for the salt to strike through, according to the sige
of the hams. I¢ will be necessary perhaps to add
a little salt on top of the hams; sometimes, if
they are very Jarge, they stisorb eo much of the
salt as to leave the brine so weak it may sour, It
would be well to take them up after they haye
been in a week or two, and examine them, ond if
necessary add a little more salt. Great care
should be taken not to salt too much, a8 by doing
so you lose the flavor of the hanf, and but just
enough should be used to keep them. As the ham
be well struck through. When the hams are large
I tuke out the flat bone and cut off the round socket
bone with a chisel, leaving always the large bone.
With care I never have failed to keep hams sweet.
How to Make A Swoxe-Hovse.—Having given
you my metbod for Curing and Keeping Hams, let
me add my plan for a Smoke-House. No farmer
should be without a good smoke-house, and such
a one as will be fire-proof and tolerably secure
from thieves. Fifty hams can be smoked atone
timein a smoke-house 7 by 8 feet square. Mine is
6 by 7, and is large enovgh for most farmers. I
first dug all the ground out below where the frost
would reach, and filled it up to the aurface with
smallstones. On this I laid my brick floor, inlime
mortar. The walls are brick, eight inches thick
and seven feet high, with a door on one side two
feet wide, The door should be made of wood and
lined with sheet iron. For the top I put on joice
2 by 4, set up edgeWise and §}¢ inches from cen-
ter to center, covered with brick, and put ond
heavy coat of mortar. I built a small chimney on
the top in the center, arching it over and covering
it with a shingle roof in the usual way, An arch
should be built on the outside, with a small irom
door to shut it up, similar to a stoye door, with a
hole from the arch through the wall of the smoke-
house and oo iron grate oyer it. This arch is
much more convenient and better to put the fire
in than to build a fire inside the smoke-house, and
the chimney causes o draft through into the
smoke-house, Good corn cobs or hickory wood
are the best materials to make a smoke for hams.
The cost of such a smoke-house as T have de-
scribed is about $20. Aunx. Brooxs.
Factoryyille, Tioga Co,, N. ¥,, Oct, 1959,
—+0+
ABOUT WATER PIPE.
Eps. Runat New-Yorxer:—In your issue of
July 17th, 1858, I saw a communication from H.
J.F, of Palmyra, N. Y., describing o water pipe
he had made, said pipe being constructed of ce-
ment and drain tile, which I concluded was the
pipe. Thad over sixty rods of wooden pipe—taid
down in the summer of 1854,—which failed the
past sommer, and being, part of the way, from
three to six feet deep in a coarse gravel, and also
very difficult to find the leak, I concluded to put
down a cement pipe that would not rot in five
years. T used two inch drain tile; the mortar was
composed of one bushel of lime to three of clean
sand. I took two boards, about three feet long
and four inches wide, nailed a piece across one
end, leaving the sides four inches apart. For the
otber end I took a piece of stake iron, bent it toa
hulf circle, and screwed it fast on the outside, near
the end, making it of the same width, or o triflo
wider. Ithen put my box in the ditch, plastered
the bottom about a half inch deep with mortar,
laid my tile ag near the centre as possible, filledin
the sides and over top, and then drew the box
along, again going through the process, fitting
the tile as closely together as possible. It hard-
ened nicely, and being badly off for water I was
induced to let the water in about three weeks from
the time it was finished. The pipe not being dry
enough, the water sweats through in some places,
and there were some stnall holes where the cement
was not closed together. The latter I could easily
stop with tallow, and then give them a coat of
plaster. Were I to do the same job again, I would
make my box four and a half, or five inches wide,
and let it stand five or six weeks before letting in
the water.
In answer to the inquiry of H. T.B.,—* Should
the dirt be put on to the mortar immediately, or
should it harden firat?”—I would say, on part of
mine I covered it lightly immediately, part I left
until the water was let in, and part, which was on
low ground, was covered with water in Jess than
six hours after it was laid, but I could see no dif-
fereuce. The one appeared to harden as fast as
the others. To his second inquiry, I would say,
if the bottom of Your ditch is soft, remove all the
soft muck and fil! in with earth thatis better, or
Jay a plank under your pipe. As to the depth of
laying cement pipe, it should be 80 deep that tho
frost will not heave ft up in places to crackit. I J
absorbs the sult from the brine it should be fedby
adding a little salt on the top and the hums should
© another sugg'
obliged to rise and fall with pipe, it should be
done systematically, that air muy not be confined
at the nigh points without a chancetocscape, My
Pipe has between five and six fect of pressure. I
have now a beautiful stream of pure water,—no
taste of decaying wood, but as sweet and cool at
the ciscbarge as at the spring. 8.0. Pr.
Erlo, Pa, Ook, 1809.
— +02 _____
GEASS LAND ON LONG ISLAND,
Eps. Rorat New-Yorker:—I have read your
article on “Grass Lands,” in the last number of
the Runa, and am glad to see the manner in
which you set forth the importance of tho grass
crop, as the “stacle crop of the country”—a crop
of the greatest value and importance, and one
that probably receives as little or less attention
thun any otber production of the earth. I simply
Propose to state a fuct as to the grass-producing
quulity or power of Long Island ‘‘barren land,”
80 called.
There ia a field of about two acres near this
place, North Islip, by the side of the Long Island
Railroad, that was cleared op a few years ago out
of the “barrens and bushes,” and laid down to
grass—cleur timothy. The land received a dress-
ing of wbout fifty bushels of leached asbes per
acre, with very little if avy other fertilizer. Iam
uvable to learn anything more than this concern-
ing the clearing and laying down of this lot, as
the mun who cleared it is not here now; but the
present owner and occupant, who bas been in
possession of it for the past threo years, makes
this statement, adding that the lot has been
mowed for five years in succession, and has pro-
duced about two and a balf tuns of the finest and
best quality of hay per acre, at the first mowing
each year, baving been sometimes mowed twice a
year, besides beiog pastured every year, or fall,
until winter. Ido not meption this as # practice
to be imitated, but to show the grass-producing
quality of tbe land; for, during the five years
past, it bas pot bad a particle of any kind of
mapure or fertilizer applied to it in any way or
form, except the droppiogs of the stock whilst on
it for pasture in the fall. The yield of this piece
of land bas been at Jeast two and a half tuns per
acre, five years, besides the pasture.
North Istip, L. 1., Oot 5, 1859, AGuicora.
Se
DISEASE OF CATTLE—INQUIRY.
Eps Runau New-Yonser:—The stock of cattle,
consisting of nine head, principally cows, belong-
ing to Mr. Bexy. Kenaca, my neighbor, has been
entirely swept off by astrange, and to us unkoown
disease, during the last six months, A statement
of the facts aod description of the disease is given,
in the bope that some of your numerous corres-
pondents may know something about the disease,
and perhaps its remedy, and will render a public
favor by giving their experience in the matter.
Mr. K. describes the symptoms as follows:
First—Vrofuse watering from the eyes for one
totwodnys. Second—Discharge of whitish matter
from the eyes for one totwo days. Zhird—Chills,
with eacessive shivering or trembling, Jourth—
High fever until the animal dies, the matter run-
ning profusely from the nose. Oa dissection the
matter is found in great quantity in the throat;
and the gall is found to be enlarged to two or three
times the natural size. No caseof similar sickness
has occurred in thianeighborhood, although thick-
ly settled, Any information on this subject, given
through your pper, will be appreciated by numer-
ous friends of the Rorat in this vicinity.
Williamsville, N. Y., 1859. T. Wirurs,
Rural Spirit of the Press.
Save the Straw.
Repouts from many sections speak of an un-
usually light bay crop. In some counties in the
western partof New York, and north-eastern Obio,
farmers are disposing of their stock at reduced
prices. An intelligent friend just returned from a
Visit io that neighborhood, expresses the opinion
that there is vot enough hay there to winter half
the stock. Fortunately there has been grown this
year an upusually large breadth of grain, and
Straw und sta/ks will be plenty. If these are prop-
erly secured, und fed ont judiciously, they will do
much to make up for the scarcity of bay, Straw
alone, wercly piled up in the yard without protec-
tion from the wentber, and Jeft for the cattle torun
too at pleasure, will not keep them in good condi-
tion, If it be housed or properly stacked, and fed
cut, mixed with a little addition of roots, bran,
shorts, or oil cake, it will be eaten readily, and
stock wiil thrive upon it, The experience of all
who bave used a swaw-culter, proves that it isa
great economizer of food, and that the labor re-
quired to cut trav, stalks, aod even hay, is amply
repaid by tbe suving effected, and the greatest
value wiven to the feed. By cutting and steaming,
the very coarsest purts of stalks may be prepared
for mixture with ground stuff, and become palat-
able, nutritious food. Let those who think of sell-
ing their cattle at a sacrifice, first see that all re-
Sources of this kind are counted upon; they may
find the present necessity a real benefit in teach-
ing them how to winter stock cheaply and well,
almost without the use of hay, So says the
American Agriculturist.
The Value of Different Manures.
Tae lesson inculcated by the following para-
“graph, from whe pen of Hon. F. Ho.sroox, in the
NE, Farmer, is one ot great value to the thinking
Farmer. Av gives confirmation to the remark of
* Mr. Coxe, Inte Earlof Leicester:—That the value
of theyarnmr-yand manure is in proportion to what
itismadeof. If €xttle cat straw alone, the dung
ods straw alone; the eatle are straw, tho farm is
straw, wud the farmer is Straw—they are all straw
together.”
“ Not long ago’ I’hed fowr cows come up tothe
stable in the full, which I fbought might yield a
good supply of milk through the winter, if we})
fed. Talso had four other animals, cows and
hei pepe were not expected to give much
ie following grass season. The first
four were tied in the nd re-
ceived each, in addition to bay and stalks, four
quarts of small potatoes each morning, and two
quarts of corn and oatmeal each evening, through
the winter. As was expected, they gave good
mess of milk, and came out well in the spring.
The manure of these four cows was thrown outa
stable window, under the cattle shed, by itself.
Theother four animals were tied in the samestable,
next to the first four, and received only hay ard
corn fodder. Their manure was thrown out by
itself, at the next stable window, and under the
same shed, 80 that the two hesps lay side by side.
The heap made by the four cows that were daily
messed with potatoes and meal, kept hot and
smoking all winter, and was wholly free from frost.
The heap made by the other animals that had only
hay and stalks, showed no signs of fermentation,
and was sowewhbat frozen. Observing this differ-
ence from time to time, curiosity prompted me in
the epring to apply these two heaps of manure
separately, but in equal quantities, side by side,
ona piece of corn ground, The superiority of the
corn crop where the manure from the messed
cattle was applied, over that where the other heap
was spread, was quite apparent and striking; and
called my attention more particularly than it was
ever before direoted, to the importance of feeding
out or best our richest products, if we would have
the best kind of manure for our lands, and large
crops from them.”
A Wool Train.
Tue last received issue of the Kansas City
Journal of Commerce remarks :—Yesterday morn-
ing we were standing on the steps of the Union
Hotel, when the wool train of twenty wagons be-
longing to C. G. Parker, entered the city. There
were several guests of the hotel from New York
and other eastern cities, watching it as it passed.
This was a feature—a spectacle of western country
commerce entirely new to them, and naturally
elicited many inquiries of a business character, all
of which we believe were satisfactorily answered,
The train yesterday of Mr. Parker brought in
27,500 pounds of wool, belonging to John Dold &
Bro., of Las Vegas, consigned to W. A. Chick
& Co., of this city, and by them to be forwarded
to Glasgow & Bro., of St. Louis. These wagons
were thirty-one days from Las Vegas.
Axornen,—A Mexican train of twenty wagons,
belonging to Mr. John J. Carr, came in yesterday
morning, bringing 39,000 pounds of wool; 2,900
mountain goat skins and seven bales of buffalo
robes, The wagons were exactly forty days com-
ingin. There were three hundred and twenty-nine
head of cattle belonging to the train,
Agricultural SHiscellanp.
Patayea Union Aa, Soorety.—The Annual Fair of
this Boclety—held Oct, 11, 12—resulted most auspicl-
ously, The weather was fine, the attendance large, and
the exhibition considered better than either of its pre-
decossors—a rare combination of good fortune, calou-
lated to produce unusual success, and prove satisfactory
to members and community, We were present on the
12th, and (after making considerable noise in endeayor-
{vg to diecharge the duty assigned us, bad an oppor-
tunity of ylowing the grounds and portions of the
exhibition. We had heard of the fine grounda of the
Society, and tho progressive spirit of officers and
members, but wero most agreeably surprised, The
Fair Grounds are beautifully situated and well arranged
—the best, we think, considering expense and age, of
any we have visited. Indeed, 60 well wero we pleased
with the arrangement that we have concluded to give,
soon, a plan and description of the grounds and im-
provements, Of the varlous departwents of the exbi-
bition we can only speak/in general terms. The show
of Cattle was good—belter thau usual (we were assured)
io both numbers and quality, Short-horns were shown
by J. 0, and L, Hatuaway, and T. U. Brapnury, of
Farmington, @. D, and A. J. DowrNo of Palmyra,
Evian Yeomans of Walworth, and perhaps others.
There were also many fine grades and natives on
exhibition. The display of Horses was also good,
including fine animals in each class, The show of
Sheep was very creditable, especially of flae woola
Mr. Exvysau Exnis, of Palmyra, made a fine show of
Spanish Morinos (nearly 40 bead ;)—also J, O, Perrir
of Palmyra, 8, M. Bunnanx of Marlon, Nanum War-
nen of Macedon, and others whose names we did not
ascertain. Lelcesters and South Downs were shown
by Wat, Cuapaan of Palmyra, and 8,8, Lawnenor of
Manchester. Among the Implements, &c., of which
there was quite a display, several raliroad horse powers
ond threshers were exbibited in operation. Bioxyorp
& Horran, of Macedon, showed a model Grain Drill,
worthy the commendation we have heretofore given
thelr machines, ALANson SugnwaN of Palmyra made
a fine show of carriages, &c,, and A. 8, Cnay of the
tame placo some excellent samples of draining tile,
‘Tho large exhibition building comprised Fruits, Vege-
tables, Fancy and Domestic Manufactures, &e,, In
abundance, and of such quality as to attract great
Attention, The arrangement of the whole exhibition
{ndoors was oxcellent, and each department would
bear close examination, ho fruit was very fine,
especially apples and grapes, and we regret that wo
could not ascertain names of exhibitors, The display
of Vegetables was ulso bighly creditable, Among
them we found a collection of rarities or wonders
contributed by I, W. Baioas of Macedon—inclading
the largest and finest head of Paris Cauliflower we ever
saw, Mr. B. also had fine specimens of the Honolulu,
Pine-Apple and Snow-ball Squashes—the Mammoth
Citron and Apple-Pie Molon—aud last but not least (in
the eyes of the curious) a bill of the celebrated Dios-
corea Batatie. A good display of Stoves, &c,, was
made by Bowman & Warken and L. M. Cnase of Pal-
myra—and of Cabinet Ware by H. D. JENNER. Tho
Ladies did thelr part in decorating the hall with many
superior specimens of handiwork, both ornamentel and
useful, Tho President of the Society, Lurmen San-
ronp, Esq, of Palmyra, contributed to various depart-
ments of the exhibition, a8 also did the Messra, Rooxss,
J, Norrixouam and J. G, Towssxp of thesame place,
Samvet Dunrer ond Jas Wirre of Macedon, and
many others, In fact, the Fair was every way worthy
the reputation of the Society and its members, and we
congratulate all concerned upon its marked success,
We are indebted to tho officers of the Soolety for cour-
tesles, and especially to OAntton B, Rooens, Esq., whose
hospitality we enjoyed, Palmyra has long been known
to us as a beantiful village, but we were not before
Aware that {t contalned such a model residence as that
of our temporary host—a home and surroundings which
Prove Mr, R, to be a man of taste and progress in prac-
flee as woll as precopt. A grapery which he has
recently constructed is worthy of particular notice—but
‘We must close for want of space,
AonrovLTuRAL Exurpitio: e been held daring
the past two months, in the United States and Canada
West, to the nomber of nearly or quite flve hundred,
While the number of Shows is much greater than ever
before, the quality and attendance bave excelled former
demonstrations, Bural America és progressing.
Tne Reortrrs at N. Y. State Farr, (Albany,) for
entries, admissions, etc., amounted to $15,183,45 - some
$5,000 greater than at any previous exhibition of the
Society. We have not the figures at hand, but think
the receipts atthe Fair beld in this city, in 1851, were
far larger in proportion to price of single admieaion,
(which was then 1234 ots, half the present rate,) and
hence that the attendance was greater, In 1851, also,
a member's ticket admitted a whole family through the
Fair—wheress now it only entitles the holder to four
single admission tickets.
‘Tae MromiGan Srate Farn—at Detroit, Oot. 4, T—
was remarkably successful in most respects, indicating
augmented zeal and commendable progress on the
part of the Agriculturists, Horticultarists and Artisnos
of the Peninsular State, We shall endeavor to give
some delailsin our next.
Mrourcan StaTR Aq, Soorry.— Oficers—At the
recent Annual Meoting of the Mich. State Ag. Society,
the following officers wore elected, with great unani-
mity, for the ensuing year:—Presidont—H. G, Writs,
of Kalamazoo, Seoretary—R. F. Jonnstonx, of De~
troit, Treasurer—Bens, Fourert, of Ypsilanti. #w-
ecutive Commiites—E, N. Witcox, of Wayne connty ;
J. B. Onierey, of Branch; Horace Wexon, of Wash-
tenaw; E. N. Tompson, of Genessee; Fnep. Fowier,
of Hillsdale; Gro, R. Jounson, of Kent; Jas, G, Brn-
ney, of Bay; and Cus, Dioxey, of Calhoun,
Tue Connecticut State Farn — at New Haven, Inst
week — is reported to have been the greatest and most
successful of all the State Fairs evor held in said Com-
monwealth, The weather was delightful throughout,
the attendance unusually large, and the aggregate re-
ceipts exceeded $10,000. Good for Connecticut!
Canapa West Ao. Soorrty.— After on animated
contest between tho friends of London and Hamilton,
the Proyinclal Agricultural Society of Canada West,
which met at Kingston recently, selected Hamilton as
the place for holding the Annual Exhibition or Fair of
the Province in 1860. The President of the Aasocin-
tion for the ensuing year ia Jonx Wane, of Cobourg
Huon 0. Barwiox, of Woodstock, was elected Firet
Vice-President, and F. W, Stone, of Guolph, Second
Vice-President.
Tue Brooxrort Union Farr—Oct 11th and 12th—
resulted very satisfactorily. The Republic states that
there were about 800 entries, including 186 of horses, 61
cattle, 60 sheep, 57 fruit, 99 vegetables, 83 implement,
The exhibition was Jarge and fine, and the attendance
on the second day estimated at 15,000, The receipts
wore noarly $1,000, Altogether the Fair was very auc-
ceesful, and the result both gratifying and profitable,
as “it is believed the income from all sources will
nearly or quite place the Society out of debt.” We
regret that an engagoment elsewhere precluded ua from
attending and taking notes of the exhibition.
‘Tue Union Fare—at Tromansburg, Sept, 29, 80 and
Oct, 1—is sald to have been a great affair. The ediior
of the Ithaca Demodrat, who was present “in the
expectation of seeinghothing more than a one-horse
country town arranggment,” ssys he was never more
ogreeably surprieed— odeed “astonished at the com-
ploteness of the arranflementa, the large and elegant
display, and the manifest enthusiasm of all concerned,”
The grounds of the Soolety, the large and commodious
hall, and other improvements, are slso commended.
“In fact,” adds the Democrat, the arrangements are
perfect in all respects, and reflect credjt on thoee
engaged in getting up the exhibition.” ‘The display of
fruit was very fine, surpassing any other our contem-
porary bad seen in the State.
A Lance Yiexp or Porartoes is thus mentioned in a
letter Just received from D. B. Waire, of Springwater,
N. ¥.:—“ To-day I have dug the product of one potato
(which I brought from Minnesota, last fall, in my pocket )
After washing the tubers carefally they weigbod one
hundred and three pounds, and measured nearly two
and a balf bushels. The heaviest tuber weighed 3 lbs. 18
oz, and the four heaviest ones 18 Ibs. 7 oz, The soil
was rather cold clay and not manured, Hoed twice
and both times when the vines were wet, whieh some
potato-ralsers condemn, When you hear of a larger
yield, let us know it”
Sarz or Inprovep Stoox.—The attention of breedora
and others is directed to the advertisement of Judge
Caxnoxt, announcing that his blood cattle, horses and
sheep will be sold at auction on the 26th inst, In notic-
ing the sale the Livingston Republican says:—"The
Judge bas for many years been ono of the most active
of our citizens in the improvement of stock. Many
years ago he introduced a breed of horses that bave no
superlora for the road or farm. When our farmers
began a progressive movement for a better quality of
Cattle, the Judge, by his puree and personal influence,
entered heartily into the movement, and as a result,
noted as our county has become for fine cattle, thera
are no herds superior to the Judge's. At tho Jato
County Fair, he was awarded the Orat premium for
tho best show of cattle owned by one person. And it
is this class of stock he proposes to offer at auction
Farmers or others who desire fall blood animals should
by all means attend this sale, as tt is soldom that so
fine o lot is offered.”
Is Lanv Invoverianep nx Woop Ozorrixa?—in &
private letter one of our Long Island subscribers
makes some suggestive remarks on a subject Jittle
understood, He says There fs, to my mind, a very
Interesting question connected with the forest produc-
tions of Island lands, or the portions of the Island now
uncultivated. It is thie: —What effect docs the repeated
cuttings, burning and removing of all the woody pro-
duct, for a long series of years, or a long period of time,
haye upon the land?—say for a period of 150 or 200
years. Several years ago, Isuggested this to, or before,
the Farmers’ Club of the American Institute, but there
never Was much said on it; no one seemed to know
much about it, or really to comprehend tt, I submitted
it chiefly to call ont fuformation on the subject, Most
of those who eald anything about It seemed to think
land could not be {nJared or impoverished by growing
wood on it, but I believe it can be, and by tuking off at
stated intervals, or periods, all the woody product,
leaving nothing on the land to decay. Why will land
not become exhansted by producing a succession of
crops of wood as well as by crops of corn and wheat—
only continue the process long enough? I contend that
land, or a section of country, can be greatly impoy-
erished, or rendered barren, by depriving {t of its woody
Product, continually carrying off all that grows on it
for a series of years.”
Cnrcaco Srring Waear is sald to be constantly
improving in quality, either from better varieties being
planted, or more pains taken in growing and prepar-
ing itfor market, The proportion of Spring and Win-
ter Wheat has yery largely increased, and it 1s expected
that the difference in price between the two sorts this
year wilt be less than ever before.
PREMIUMS AWARDED AT THB NBW YORK STATE
Hewp ar Atnany, Oocroure, 1859,
IR.
CATTLE.
Sront-Honws — Bulla—Three
Page. Senoett, ij
Wood & Bi
New Rochelle, 6.
Or
Ht
y.
neat i. SI
#25,
|. ome,
Myrtle,” 5.
same, 3 8d,
Kelly, “Mite Wiley, Bb i Binge
Jand and Bullock, Albany, “Florence,” 6.
Imported O.ro\—Three yeara and over—8 Thorne, “Lal
Jah Kook,” #25, Commendatory notice of the herd of
Col LG Morris.
Dervons—Bulls—Three
and sil med to breeder,
Phelps, 16: HA, AG
Saeam)
SG AT 5.
nd By
Disoretionary—J Freemyer, Fulton, his Bull, dro}
Mirolit0, 1850) Man eo eed
Imported Butlx—Chree years—O 8 Walnwelght, 825,
‘bree years and over—O 8 Wainwright, * Helena
i med to preeder 2d, T Baker, Earlville,
15; Od, O8 Wainwright, “Helena Ad." f
—J Hilton, “Belle, 0s tae ke
Ad, B Ottley, "Matchless," 5. One
y te," Queen Ann." 15; 94, 0.4 Walawrieht,
“Helena 1h," 10: ad, same, "Helena Ith,” 5, Helfer
caltSame, “Helena 10th," 5; 20, J Hilton, Grace,” trans
and 3,
Imported Cows—Three years and over—OS Watnyright,
“Kate Kearney," @25.
Jr, Aloany, ** Wasbioxton,
E Springfield. 6:
and 3. Cor
ous,"
*Blora 94," 2); Ba,
A Boweo, * Myrtle, Jr," ¥
One year—Same,
89, MO Remington. “stella”
Clark, “Snow Hank." 5; 2d, seme, “Geraniam." trans aud 4,
Imported—Oow—Three years and over—E Corning, Jr,
“Cora 24," $25, Heifer—Two years—Same, 20,
Aynsnines—Bul’s—Three years and over—E P Prentice,
“Dundee 7th," $25, aod sil med to breeder, Two yeara—
John © Hitchcock, Povehkeepsie, "Duke of Ayrshire,” 20;
Samuel Curls, Flat Bi 'd, S D Hunxerford,
Adams, "5. One year—Same, “Highland
Lad." 15; 24. HD Hawkins, Albany, 10, 3d,S D Hungerford,
“Tiger.” 5. Bull caif—Jas Thompson, Ballston Spa, 'Coun:
try Gentleman," F; 2d, same, trans and 3. Cow—Three
eurs and over—Drodie & Converse. Rural Hill, “Peach
n med to breeder; 24,8 D Havgerford,
'd, J ames Thompson, "Pancy.""5. Helfer
years oll roale & Converse, Flora Temple," 20,
One year od—S8 D Wungerford, “L'Dale 2d," 1,” Helier
calf—Geo W Harcourt, albany, 6; 2d, 8 D' Hungerford,
“Princess,” traps and 3,
Imported—Cow—Three years and over—SD Hungerford,
“Obailenge,” 925; Same, cow “ Bessie," diecreiionary: A
B Converse, two beautiful heifers, diseretionary,
Auprnneys on Jensevs—Bulla—Three years and oyer—
M E Viele, "Jersey," $25 and sil med to breeder, ‘Tivo
HS Jobnson, Poughkeepste, 20. Bull calf—M
"J T Norton Heifer—Une yeur—Same, "Violet,"
Three years and over—Same, “Marfa,”
— Cows—Three yenra and over—Mather &
2d, WH Silogerland, Normanskill, 15;
rae, Woodville, 5. Helfer—Two
Henry Cooke, Rbineoeck, 20; 2d, H & F Bowen, Coon &
Tompkins, Medina, 10; 84, Chas B Pease, Albany. 6.. One
year—H Griffin, Cilnton Cornera, 15; 24, Wood & Eastman,
10. Heifer calf—Same, 5; 24, L Woodward,
rans aud 3, Milch cow—lW H Slingerland, 20,
Wonkixo OxeN—Qver Five Years—Yoke, T Baker, Earl-
ville, $20; 20, Josevh Hilton, 16; 80, WW Siiowerland, 6.
Four Years—Single yoke, BO Philos, 15; 24, A Fitch, New
Scouland, 10; 8d, L Conietock, Kikland, 4.
Srxens—Three Years—Single yoko, F Ottley. 910; 24, 1 &
Fr hom goon, &ompklns, ii i Taano Ballers Valley
Hs tranaand 3, To boys under 16, for training yare of
Steere Bente Wiliis A Wione, Sonodacky all made: ters pabce
—Single yoke, Wood & Kastman, 8. One year—Siogle do,
same, f; 24, P'S Forbes, Bath, Rens co, 6; 84, Wood & Bast:
man, traus and 3.
Far Carrir—Stall Fed—Ox-—Four years and under five—
T Doty. Clinton Corners, $12 Cow—Four years and over—
Sheldon, Nennett, 10, ‘Heifer—Three years—G H & A D
Gazley, Plensant Plaine, &
Note-—Thorons Kimber, of Syracuse, exhibited two oxen,
oned reavectively and 6 vears, excluded by the Society's
rules from competition, on account of age. The commities
Fecommend some gultable token of appreclation of their
wei its,
Mesers GL & A D Gazley exhibited one yoke of fine
exen, excluded for same reasons above stated, and the
Committee make the same recommendation,
Fed on Hay and Graas—Cow—Four years and upwards
—G'H Charles, albany, $10, Steer—Three years—J Wads-
worth, Jr, Geneseo, & 2d. G Wadsworth, do, 3.
FongioN CaTTLP—Short-horn pull—Two years and over—
TSnel, Canada West, dip and $15, Cow—Same, 15, Ayr.
shire Bull—Two years and over—H D Rurget, West Stock.
bridge, Mass, 15, Working Oxen, pair out of State, Wit
Duncan, Ky. 16; 2d, 8 Blackman, Vi, 10, Fat Ox—J Van
Alstyne. Ghent, 10." FatSteer—W RK ‘Duncan, 10, Fat cow
or beifer—C F Willis, Ky, 10.
HORSES,
For Aut, Work—Sfal/fons—Your years and over—Geo W
Adams, Whiteball, #25; 2d, J Vandenburgb, Rhinebeck, 15;
$d, Thomas North, Middlefield, 5; 4th, 2 WW Deltz, Scho:
harie, Youatt,
trood Mare (with foal at her foot)—Pour years
ra Blakeman, Greenbush, $25; 24, BB Kiruand,
MY Blessing, Albaby, 6; 4th, Chas A Mott, Lan:
, Youatt,
Honses oF THE MonoAN on BLACK TWaws Barep—Stallions
—Pour years and over—Grove Bradley, Mecidian, #25: 9
AW Swift, New York, 15; 80, Mariia Deyo, Clavera
Brood Mure—Fonr years and upwards—h W Macy, Cha
ham Four Qorners, 25.
Dravonr—Statlions—Four venrs and over—D Case, Lock.
port, "Young Norman,” 1, James Boyle, A
8d, O Scoble, Springport, “Young Sampson," 6; 4th, 8
Kouers, Joroan, Youatt, Pair of matches draught or
horses—J_P Wisner, Lyons, 15; 2d, Jurian Winne, All
10; 8d, © Slingeriand, N Scouand, (is,) Youatt
Muonovaw-anep — Stallions—Rour
§chermerborn, Scheneotudy, “Peer,
Gvith foal at ber foot)—Pour years
Bato, Rengselaer co, “ Madonna," 25,
1m, West Troy, Dadd
Troy, 15; 24, 448 G Mott Loosing!
Weat Troy. Dadd, Stallloos—On
Bethlehem, 10; 24, ¥ M Law
Bathgate, Morrislanla, Dadd.
Matcuep Honses—Sixteen hands and over—D T Wal-
bridge, Rochester, $15; 2d. JG Treat, Auburn, 10,
Yor Road or Carrtuge—Pair matched horaes, 14 to 16
hands B Milbanks, Bethichem, $15; 2d, L Rosekrang, Our
ton Park, 10.
Geupinos—E Milbanko, $10: 9d, Tf Beals, "Onaslus M
Clay, Jr,"'8. Three years—b Rosekrans, 6,’ Mare—Dhree
yeara—Senéoa Denpis, Schaghlicoke, 6.
Sixoue Manes—Four vears—J R Hemingway, Canaan,$10;
G Buck, Fort Edward, &
Sixaue Trorrens—Charles Robinson, Dutchess co,, $10;
2d, RG Olark, Argyle, 8, Trained coltWlilie Hawley,
(discreilonary,) 5,
From Orin States AND OANADA—Blood Stallion—Three
years and over—T G Aycrigg. Passaic, N J. “Gov Wrigot”
415. Brood mare—H L Shields, Benaington, Vt, 15. Stal-
Jinn, horse for all work—Three years and over—U M Gilles-
ie NJ, “Arablan Marmaduke,” 15. Brood mare, do—T
PT Watluve, Providence, Hl, 1s Theee years and over—A
Jeffrey, Canada West, 15. 'Matched horses noc under 16
hands bigh—U J Ayerigg, 15. Siogle mare, horse or gelding
in harnest#—O 8 Halves, New Jersey, 10,
Disoretionary—H 1 Shields, Bennington, Vt, (all work,)
brood mare, dip.
Jacks ap Mutes—Jack—Chamberlain & Whittlesey,
Avceiius, 32), Jennet—W J Wheeler, Watervliet, 20. Pair
thules—A Strain, Albany, 16,
SHEEP.
—GH &
Jorian
ad, J lonverse,
Under two years—H Bowen,
ley, 8: idge. 5, Pen Five Ewe:
‘Two yeurs and over—V H Hallock, Dover Pining, 10; 2d, G
H & AD Gazley: &
Woot a Betan 3 OF i
i
ley, 5. 24, J MeDonsld, Morrell SAD Gas.
“GWEN D Ganley, 5 a mame, Mofeelts Bea e® Lamba
eis his Chee baMlag Seabee am, aval otk
Bites ee by the coin
Jobo McDonald. 5, Tn
John Mohionata &
—G
1m yearn and
5. Pen 10; 24. Sam
Con R 2d. Jo
buck lambs, Sd best—& G Co
Pen three eve Jambs—Jolin
lektiey, 6; 2d, Cra Brown, Mowe
amis ame, 6: 9 WM Holmen
less than five Neeoea,
tsOk—Bucks—Two years an —
Chambheriai ed Hoos, 810, 94, ae ae ow Holt,
New Lebanon. 5, Under 9 yeare—W Ghamberlain, 10. 9
G Brown, in Coambertain. 5, Pen five ewes—Une
der two yenrs—AV Chamberlalo, 10, ‘Two yenra and aves,
Same, 10; 24, G Brown, & 3d, W Chamberlain 6 bon
three buck lambs—Same, 6. Pen threo ewe Inmnby same,
Pichi t Meninogs—Discretlonary to 0, Howland, Aubura,
Sivesian M. wm
Saxoxs—Bucks—Two years a)
ams, $10; 24, George Dakin, Noi
New Lebanon, 6 Under two
Maxon, Adams, 8;
years aod ove
Hut, 6.
W Hall,
Years
Curtis, Canaun
Frox Oot THe State—Long
Edmonton, CW10 Pen 5S ewes—3 0 Hitehcock, Asherove,
nebr Preston. Conn, 10. Middle Woole’—Buck, J O'Tnylor,
Holmdel, NJ, 10, Sterinoes—Uuck, Jesse Mines, Brandon,
SWINE.
Lance Breep.— Boare—Two years and over—F. Wal
Walocn, 910; 2d. 8 D. Hungerford, Adams, 6. One yout
old—E GriMib, Clintou’ Corvers, 10; 2d, Wm. Richardson,
Wooled—TMuck, John Snel},
Albany, 5, 6 months and over—Clurk € Gillet, Smithyiltes
8. Breeding Sowa—iwo years und over—S, D, Hunser-
ford, 10; 2d, Wm. Richurdson, 5, One yearold—A, M. Une
derhill, Cinton Corners, 10. 'Piga— Under lv months, best
5— Jus. F. Converse, Woodville, 8; 2d, Converse & Brodie,
Woodville, 4.
SHALL Breep.—Boars—Two years and over—A, M.
derhill, $l. One yesr old—J. If, Booth, Rethlehens, M3
Jas, L. Mitchell, Albany. 5. 6 months ‘and over —
Thorne, Thoruedale. 8, 9d, W
Breeding Sowe—two
Un-
iu
ood & Kastuunn, Woodills 4
years and over—E: Vorviny, Jr,,
paler, 10; cit aa L. ai Gay 5. On year old—v. appt
r. Albany, 1, § months and over— W eastinan, 8;
24,'Samuel Thorne, 4. ; gen ee
BUTTER.
Best lot (qui
from 5 cows i
Girls under 21 years of age.—Best lot of butter, not less
than 10 hs, made atany time, Lydia 8 Gurney, Hurpersficld,
ilver © -p; 2d, Norman Gowdy, Lowville, pair butter knives
Sd, Miss B Banister, Phelps, set tea spoons; 4th, Mary
French, Richield Springs, sual silver wedi),
Diseretionary—W H Olum, Claverack, jar of butter un-
der 50 bs , special premium of 35.
CHEESE,
One year old and over—100
24, AL Fish, Herkimer Co, 15; 3
10, Less than one year— Norman Gowd
SUGAR AND HONEY
Sug 4r.—Best 95s. maple sugar, Wm A White, New Road,
$5; 2d, WB Van Ktten, New-Scotland, 3. Best sample ma:
ple syrup, 1 gal., W A White, 8; 2d, W'B Van Etten,
Hovey.—Best 20 hs. honey, H W Bulkley, Ballston, $7; 2d,
BJ Van Ho: Castleton, 3; id, M Quinby, St- Johnaville,
trans, Best bee hive, RG Otis, Keuosba, Wis, dip; 2d,
Hays & Mitchell, Albany, dip.
FARM IMPLEMENTS AND MACHINERY,
Pans Iopve
Lioyd, Albany,
gle harness, same, 5;
. 3; 2d, ryant, Mech
ville, 2; best 13 hand rakes, Pease & Eceleston,
Sd, Emery Brothers, Albany,
Pease &
ssorted)
Bi Pare
rangement for uoloadlig hay, by horse’ or steam power, U
E Gladding, Troy, Pa., 9 2d, Herald & Tompkins, Trumuns-
3; best table saw mill, f E
corn sheller, horse-power, sane, 4;
ower, PP Taft, Taftsville, Vt, H
able grist mill, Tay
ad scraper, Vense
se-hoe for drilled crops, Millon al-
s cliow of Agri
ents insnufuctured inthe State by aud uns
rvision of the exhibitor, Chas E Pease, Ds best
horse-power, (lever prineiple,) Dow & Fowler, Fowlersville,
8; 2d, G Westinghouse & Uo,. Schenectady, 3; best horeo:
power (endless railwsy,) joint award to Wherler, melick &
& Co,, aud Eroery Brothers, Albany, as ehusl in merit, 8
best thresher, with cleancr and seporator, Duw & Fowler. 5;
bestfarm wagon, J E Morgan, Deerfield, 5; 2d, W P Ott
st combined harrow und. cultivator, Peas
id, SS Parker, Lockport, 3; best two:horse cul:
ayer & Remivgton, Ilion, 5; best one-horse culthe
vator, Pease & Eggleston, 5; 2d, Sayer & Remlugton, 3 besk
fanning mill, Wm Lavryer, Schiliarie, OH, T Grunt
& Wo,, 3; best corn stalk and hay cutler (Qumminus' pat
y Brothers, 5; 2d, J 1 Mumma, Hurrisuursh, Vi
best corn und cob crusher, by horse
‘roy, 6; 2d, Pease aud Kegieston, |
cleaver, Birdsull & Brokavy, 5;
clover gutherer, Jas A Disbrow. 6; best horse
gett, 4; 9d, L Bertwhite, Stamford, Ot
Keneral use, Reuse & Exglestou, 5; best ol
er (combined) Herald & 2d, Ans' \OLNPSOD,
Glen's Falls, 8; best hay, s talk cutter) on a new
and improved princi! Sil Med best ox
yoke, Peuse & Exglesto Ewery Bolen sae
iacretionary —A Bi Pratt, Albany, barley forks, Fitch:
rata Drothers 6 potato diggers, Ritch; Pease & Bx eatony
6 potato diggers, Fitch; Emery Brothers, six spades and
shovels, trans ; Pease & Egleston, 6 spades und shovels, do;
Emery Brothers, § mattocks und bog hoes, Youatt,
Macutveny.—Best grain drill, with apparatus for distribu-
ting grain, seed, manure, John € Stevens, Lee, Muss, 3 Mi
beat inproved tile or other Invention for securing the run of
water In drains, F M Mattice, Butfulo, #3; best set draining
Thols, same, 6; Dest assortment of carpenter's toola, K Uar-
ter, Troy, 5 best chime of bells, Jones & Co., Troy, div; beak
Church bell, same, dip; best steamboat bell, 4 Mencely's
Sons, West troy, dlp; hést locomotive bells, Jones & Go, ding
best Improved drain tile and pipe machine, F _M Mattloe,
M st hydraulic ram, Pease & Eggleston, S Mj best farm
wood, P'S Carhart, Collamer, @3;'best bank lock,
Winne « Abeel, Albany, ULittle’s patent) dip; best orn
mental cast-iron vase, same, dip; best ornamental sine
statuary, same, dip; best tron chair, sane, diy and SM; beat
murblelzed iron, same, dip; best fruit and flower us l.
same, spe best portable machine for watering ik Ane
Pease & Eggleston, dip; best exhibition of saws Prey!
Lansing, dip, and S, M.
Discretionary — Alien Sherwood, for combined raper
der the su,
Fi
fericey
and binder, and binder separate, dip; © F Anderit N a8
field, Mass, combined planter of superior merit dins ease
& fanter (Albany seed planter) dip
P, dip, 8 Rob.
EA Clove.
OE A Oren, yin
dlp: Emery Broihers, cali? BBs sfiany, or Dllad slat
dip; Same, bind slat stapling aching SM
Jones & Gon trey, patent rotary yoke for, bells: CHlldrelh's
patent) 8 Bi; Whitman & Miles West Fitchburg, Biasa,,
of planing machine kalves, iP.
PLOWING MATCH.
Slocum, Warsaw, #20; 24, John Rulof
16; od, Rulefson & Harvey, Penn Yan,
First premium, P
ck, Bethlehem, 5; Sth, O Howland,
ack Landing
Torahea Ke Alecorm
Aubura, Trans
Boys under eighteen.
manskill, Albany Co.,
W Clum, Claverack, 1
Firat premium, Nelson Best, Nor
1d, 8D French, Warren, 16; 8d, 1
ith, JM Slingerland, Bethlehem,
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YOREER.
MARKET PRICES OF FRUITS.
It is an encouraging sign of the times that people
are beginning earnestly to inquire the best way to
dispose of their fruit—it shows progress—success
jo fruit culture. As the bestway of avswering the
mony inquiries on this subject, we give the market
prices in New York city, aod at other places, Ose
thing our fruit growers have to learn, and tbat is
to send ovly the best specimens to a distant
market, and to take especial pains to pack them,
#0 that they will reach their destination in good
condition, Fine fruit, well packed, always sells
ata bigh price in the eastern markets, while in-
ferior sumples in bad condition, are often a drug,
scarcely puying for transportation. It costs no
wore to send a barrel of apples to New York that
will briog $3, than one that sells with difficulty at
Dalf that price. While attending the last State
Fair at Albany, two gentlemen living on the Hud-
son, inquired if we could send them a supply of
winter apples, This we thought strange, as they
Tived less than abuadred miles from the city.—
They informed us, however, that it was difficult to
obtain eound fruit in New York. The packers in
this city buy the fruit by the wagon load. Itis
then thrown into barrels, headed up and abipped.
No care is exercised, and no judgment in selectiog
out the bruised specimens,
Paces ov Frorr 1x New York Crry.—The
following report of the New York market, from
the Tribune, is valuable, as showing not only the
present prices of fruit, but the dependence of that
city opon Western New York and the Western
States for a supply of fruit. The suspension of
receipts by the Erie Canal, even for a few days,
causes a scarcity, and the reporters are compelled
tosuy “the market is quite bare of good apples:”
Apres —The extensive break in the cansl above
Socbeneotady cuts off the receipts via. that route, and
tho market is, to-day, quite bare of good apples, It le
suid hata wook to ten days must elapse before boats
an pass the break, and in the meantime apples must
bo comparatively scarce and high, offeriug good induce-
ments for prompt shipments of choice fruit by the moat
expeditions routes, Should the weather be uoseasopa-
Diy warm, touch of the frait now delayed would reach
market in poor order, In uny event toe present scarci-
ty must be followed by m temporary glut, and corres-
Pobding low prices, Quotations are now difficult to
make, the transactions of the day not being sufficient
fo establish any markot rate; but we name the follow-
ing Ogores:
Weatern, mixed lots
$2 00/@2 50
Common, % obt
1 WW@1 25
1 50@1 75
2 2%@2 50
2 OOM? ou
- 2 W@2 00
Peaus.—We quote:
Boekels, good, ¥ bbl ..
Virgaiievs, perfect
.$15 00@20 00
10 HOI 00
10 00@20 ov
Quixors are very #cnrce and wanted. Apple Quinces,
¥ wvl, $3495; Peur Quinces, ¥ bol., $2@ss.
Grares—Oatuwba 121150. ¥ Jb.; Isabella, choice,
107 140.; do common, 6 a8¢.
Diep Arrizs—Sontbern new, O@63gc.; Southern
Old, Dud}ge.; Statevld, 6s @Te. ; Sate now, Ti TKe.
Dairp Peaours—New Southern, best from Georgia,
Timize F 10,5; do. common, 709e.; best Virginia,
Walse F lb,
Driep BLAokBERnIEs—Southern, 87
Dated Cuesnres, pitted, ¥ tb, 21
Dutep Pivas ¥ 1b, 182200.
cc. ¥ lb.
Verceranies AND THEIe Prices ix SacrAweNto.
—A. G. Wureter, Esq, of Sacramento, California,
sends us the following statement, showiog the
order and date of arrival of the Spring, Summer
and Winter Vegetables at that market. Also, the
price when first taken to market, and subsequent
ruling rates of each:
SPRING AND SUMMEN VEGETADLES,
Spinach, in March, 12 to 6 conts per pound,
Asporagus, about April 1st, $1 per buocn to 75 cents
per dozen,
Rbubarb, about April 15th, 50 to 6 cents per pound,
ay Potatoes, about April 16th, 2 to 7@S cents per
0d,
Green Peas, about May 1st, 75 to 5 cents per pound.
SGA about May Ist, $150 to 75 cents per
Bpring Onions, about May 16th, 12
eBoi y to 6 conts per
Green Beans, about May 20th, 75 to 5 cents per
Oucumbers, from open beds, about June in eas
cents per dozen.
English Beans, about May Sist, small demand.
Tomatoes, abont June 5th, 76 to 6 cents per pound,
Okra, about June 6th, $1 50 to 8 cents per pound,
Green Corn, about June 5th, $1 to 25 cents per dozen,
Lima Beas, about June 15th, 12 cents per pound,
Sommer Sqnashes, July, 25 to 8@4 cents per pound,
Egg Plant, July, 60:10 6 cents per pound.
Muskmelons, about July Ist, $1 to 12 cents each.
Watermelons, about July 1st, $1 to 12 cents each,
SUMMER AND WINTER VEGETABLES,
Canliflower, $1 50 per dozen,
Celery, $1 50 per dozen,
Cacambers, in hot-beds, $8 per dozen,
ian roan! {until January,) 12 cents per pound.
eels, Carrots. Lettnoe, Parenips,
‘Turnips, each 834 to bo vents meee pans
WISTEE VEOETANLES,
‘Oabb:
ages, In sacks, 140
Oatons, jnmcks, Tig ec par Poa
toes, cents per pound.
Breet Potal coke, 8 cents
Beets, Carrols, Parships and Turuips, re 14@2
Cucumbers, e per dozen,
Green Pi to 12 cents
Letinee, in bunches, 87 to
Rudishes, in bunches, 87 to
er pound,
con's per do;
50 cents der dozen,
The last number of the California Farmer gives
the market report of San Francisco for September
Ist, and we copy enough to show the Prices of the
Principal fruits in that city:
Apples and Pears from 12 to 25 cents
elt Pears 25 cents pound. Betpomnl
Lawton Blackberries 50 cents per pound,
¢ 1D a) peas ren ee ey id
teen vai cae cooking, 123¢ cents per pound.
Piome ad angina ‘5 pot
Bt
white, 60 we em
Ix Boston apples range from $1 50 to $2 50 per
barrel. The Toronto Globe says “the supply of
apples continues large, but consists purely of
importations from lake porta. Prices range from
$1 75 to $2 25 per barrel.”
Prices ov Fauit 1x Covent Ganpen Manet,
Loxpor.—As prices of fruit, not less than of other
goods, convey # pretty acccurate idea of the
abundance or scarcity of the supply, we have
prepared the following tabular statement, by
which the prices obtained in Covent Garden mar-
ket, in the first week in August, this eeason, may
be compared with those of the same week in the
yeurs indicated, beginning with 1841:
1841. 1845. 1850. 1855, 1859,
Apples ® doz....9a 0d. 2s 0d. 2s 04, 840d. Bs. 0d
Hnlf sieve. SrO ren A Oo.
Oe SnOrand Praxowe es O
o mo 80 0 130
o 86 20 16 236
o 560 40 86 80
Di Bi Oe Bin 8 Oi O10
Dir e0 18) D.C ieage D:
o 60 50 580 60
0 50 560 560 60
0 DOr O80) <0) obo!
APD 60} AKOR SY HOB)
Apricots ¥doz,.8 0 26 26 80 40
We may add that an ordinary sieve contains
about five pecks, and o currant sieve two and a
half pecks. A puonet is a round, flat basket that
holds from twelve to eighteen good sized plums.—
Gardeners’ Chronicle.
From the above it will be seen that almost all
fruits sell higher now than they did eighteen years
ago. But we do not suppose any one will be fool-
ish enough to argue from this, that fruit culture
in Eng)and is a fuilure—or thet the soil or climate
of Bogland is such ag to render fruit culture un-
profitable. This was the argument used by the
enemies of dwarf pears—because pears were as
desr as when the dwarf pear excitement com-
menced, therefore dwarf pear culture was a failure.
BOQUET STANDS.
Sows of our readers, no doubt, have experienced
a good deal of difficulty in arranging boquets to
suit their taste. Even professional gardeners,
many of them, make sad work in arranging flow-
ers. Our attention has recently been called to an
ingenious invention by Danret Step, of Hudders-
field, England, called " Stead's Pyramidal Boquet
Sland, “It consists of a pyramidal cylinder ot
metal, pierced with holes
at uniform distances, ood
within it is another cylin-
der, fitting a0 a8 nearly to
touch the outer one, and
with just enough space be-
tween to receive the stalks
of the flowers which are in-
serted in the holes. At the
top of the outer cylinder is
a tubular orifice, stopped
with o small tube reaching
to the bottom of the cylin~
der. Thesmalltubeis lifted
out, and a little water poured
into the central bore or tube,
and then the small tube ia
agaio inserted, and a little
water poured into that also.
The flowers are then insert-
ed according to the fancy of
the decorator, sod as each
flowerbas but on inch stem,
they sit close to the outer
cylinder, touching the inner one, and by the pro-
cess of capillary attraction, get from it just enough
moisture, without being actually wet, as serves to
sustain their freshness of color and odor for a
considerable length of time, With the addition of
a glass shade over it, the lower edge of which is
immersed in water, most flowers will keep near a
month. Nothing can be more simple in use,
though so thoroughly philosophical in construc-
tion, as this Boquet Stand,"
Another, and more simple contrivance for the
purpose, is described by a correspondent of the
London Cottage Gardener, “I went to China
store and selected about six or eight Chins or
Liverpool-ware cups, of such size as would just fit
into or nest in each other,—commencing at the
largest sized coffee-cup, or small bowl, and ending
with the smallest of o child's tea set. I then
placed under the bottom of each of them a circular
piece of wood (such as come with ribbons, but
anything else will awswer the purpose,) to sepa-
Tate the cups, 80 a3 to leave a space for putting
the flowers into,
It is not necesgary that the cups should be one
uniform shape, as none but the lowest cup will be
seen when the flowers are arranged in it. The
lower cup should be mounted on the wooden base,
with 8 circular rim around the upper edge of it to
held the cup firmly; or it may be placed inside of
8n ornamental vase,”
SS
DETORTICATION OF TREES,
Axtow me to call attention to the following:—
“The system of stripping the bark off the trunks
of trees for the purpose of destroying the insects
which infest them, has now been generally applied
to a large number in the Champs Elysees and
elsewhere in Paris, and has led to the discovery
of a curious fact, recently communicated to the
Imperial Horticultural Society by M. Robert. It
appears that trees may be deprived of the whole
of their bark not only without experiencing any
injury, but even with considerable advantage, the
operation tending to increase their power of vege-
tation. Elms, for example, which before the ope-
ration did not increase more than one or two
millimetres in diameter each year, have been
found to increase four or five when stripped of
their bark, Trees having a very thin bark, such
4s the birch and others, need not be stripped to
obtain a similar result; it is sufficient for the pur-
Pose to muke longitudinal incisions in the bark by
means of a kind of three-bladed scarificator, It is
now intended to subject all the young elms ina
languishing State to this treatment throughout
Paris, it having answered perfectly with those
planted on fortifications, In a commercial point
of view, the discovery is of some importance,”
The above, if correct, promises most valuable
Tesults.— Cor. of Gardeners Chronicle,
FRUITS RECEIVED,
We are indebted to J. H. Stanter, of Le Roy,
for a singular apple—one half a fine russet, with
a reddish cheek, and the other half green. The
line of demarkation is a3 plain as it could be
painted, dividing the apple in two equal halves,
ond running through the centre of the calyx and
the stem. We give o drawing showing this cu-
rious sport
Mr. 8. sent with tne apple the following note:
Eps. Ruea, New-Yorker:—I tend you an apple,
raised by my brother, which is a curiosity, The tree
which bore it bears all green sweet apples like the
green half of the one I send you, About forty or filly
feet from it stands a tree which bears an apple like tho
Rosset half, and the only tree in the orchard which
bears that kind of apple. The one bearing the green
apple bad about six bushels on it; this year all green
but this one, The Russet tree had none on, though it
Probably blossomed, When the apple was first picked
the division was plainly marked through the centre of
the stem, If you consider it worthy of notice, plesse
give us your views as to how the amalgamation was
brought about, &e,—J, H, Stanuey, Le Roy, N. ¥,
—To Josep Macompen, Macedon, N. Y., for
specimens of a green, sweet apple, much like R. I.
Greening in appearance, and Jarger and more con-
ical than Green Sweeting. It appears like a long
keeper, and in all respects we should judge it to
be a valuable sweet apple. It was brought origin-
ally by Mr. M. from Vermont,
— To Exuwaxcer & Banry fora large basket of
magnificent pears which we are examining and
tasting daily, as they mature, with great satisfac-
tion,
— To EB, W.Syxyvesrsr, of Lyons, for specimens
of a small seedling apple, known as the Sylvester
—small, round; calyx closed, in a shallow, wrip-
kled basin; stalk very short and slender, inserted
in a deep, narrow cavity; skin smooth, yellowish
cream color, sometimes with a beautiful blush on
the sunny side; flesh white, tender, very juicy,
with a pleasant flayor, Mr, S. says ‘the tree is a
good bearer, the apples always fair, and full of
vinous juice, Season, October and November.”
—————
NEW SUBSTITUTE FOR GRASS LAWNS.
Srencura Prat 'o Mr. Mongredien be-
longs the merit of Koving first pointed out that
Spergula Pilifera was capable of forming an excel-
lent substitute for grass in the formation of lawns.
A piece of ground planted here four years ogo
with this pretty little moss-like Alpine, is now, and
has been for these three years past, closely covered
with a carpet of the richest green—soft and elastic
to the tread, and forming a turf equal to that of the
finest grass, for which, at first sight, it might
easily be mistaken, Over grass, it however pos-
sesses many advantsges; in the first place it
requires no mowing, and it is reported to with-
stand the effects of long-continued drouth better
than any grass, remaining comparatively green
when the latter hasbeen burntup. Another point
in its favor is its evenness of surface, provided the
ground laid down with it has been made so in the
first instance—a matter of great importance — for
as the plant itselfnever grows more than a quarter
or half of an inch in height, any inequalities or
other defects of formation are ever afterwards
perceptible. After planting, the only care that
it requires is sweeping and rolling. If left undis-
turbed it would be one mass of white flowers in
July, but as most people prefer a lawn perfectly
green to one covered with blossoms, the latter
should be removed by frequent sweepings with a
fine besom. A birch broom is too rough for it.
In forming « lawn with this plant, Mr. Mongre-
dien’s gardener, Mr. Summers, recommends the
seeds, which are very small, to be sown bebind a
north wall, and when up to be transplanted where
required, placing the plants regularly over the
surface, at say six inches apart. On strong clay it
sometimes assumes a yellow hue, but this has been
found to be easily converted into a beautiful green
by watering with weak liquid manure, Unfore-
seen disadvantages may yet arise, however, in
connection with the employment of this as a lawn
plant; but at present, judging from the little
experiment that has been made with it, it certainly
promises to answer perfectly, and in an economical
point of view, seeing that mowing may be dis-
pensed with, it cannot fail to be highly appre-
ciated, A trial of it ona more extensive scaleis now
being carried out, the result of which we hope to
be enabled to report hereafter.— Gardeners’ Chron.
GRAPE CULTURE ABOUT SYRACUSE.
Tuis subject having become of such general
interest, it may not be amiss to give a few leading
facts necessary to be known and heeded in order
to give permanent success to Grape Cultivation,
The soil, climate, and proper treatment of the
vine, summerand winter, must combine to reward
the careful and diligent with an abundance of
grapes in full maturity. First, make the selection
of the yines with regard to their being hardy and
productive; haye the soil mellow, rich and deep,
with plenty of sun and circulation of air, with
underdrainage, ordinarily, at least three feet deep,
Sprinkle sulphur on the leaves once or twice in
the summer, if they are inclined to mildew; take
out the suckers and weak sprouts, so as not to
haye too much vine for theroom, Take the cheap
fertilizers during the growing season, mixed with
common sense, aod no good reason can be shown
why each American sovereign’s table should not
be daily graced with this prince of luxusies dur-
ing ths winter, Acting upon the valuable sug-
gestions recently made in the Runat New-Yorker,
to visit our neighbors’ gardens, I will refer to the
to the practical experience of some of our neigh-
bors and citizens I have observed during a few
spare hours snatched from my profession.
Recently, in o call on my venerable friend Hon.
B. Davis Noxoy, he called my attention to his
grapes, recently gathered, and the perfect bunches
nicely laid down for the winter, in boxes three or
four layers deep, with cotton between. Also, to
the fact that upon a frame made over a flat roof
some two feet above it, he run a portion of an
Isabella vine, and upon a space of some eight feet
square had gathered a bushel of most elegant
grapes. They were the best he raised, as to ripe-
ness and perfection.
T next called upon Mr. Auten Corey, of this
city, whose vines are of seven years setting,
mostly Isabella, the rows Tunning north and
south, eight feet apart. The soil is a sandy loam,
with a gravelly subsoil, and his Isabella grapes,
in size, excel any I haye ever seen, He informed
me his crop last year from half an acre was 8,200
pounds of grapes, He also called my attention to
@ seedling grape just in bearing, raised by him, a
hybrid between a Connecticut grape and the
Catawba, It was two weeks or more earlier than
the Isabella, Tbe grape certainly tasted well, 1s
somewhat higher colored than the Catawba, and
may prove a valuable acquisition.
My next visit was on Mr. Gronrce Raynor, of
this city, whose aoil is of a gravelly loam, and the
quantity and quality of his grapes were indices of
happiness and rational enjoyment. His Concords
and Dianas were especially fine.
Syracuse, N. Y,, 1859. 8. .N. Horus.
————-+ ex ——_—___
THE NEW GRAPES.
J. J. Tuomas, editor of the Country Gentleman,
makes the following notes on some of the new
Brapes, received by the editor, from Saxver
Mituer, of Pennsylvania. Some of these we were
Anxious to see this year, but have not succeeded
in doing so.
Union Village—Bunch 6 inches long, not shoul-
dered, berries large, seven-eights of an inch in
diameter — dark-brownish-black — much resem-
bling the Isabella in flavor, hardly so good perhaps
—nearly round. We should like to know the
exact period of ripening.
Mary Ann.—Bunch small, berries half an inch
in diameter, black,— probably very early; flavor
good, equal to Isabella, sweet, perceptibly foxy,
but not disagreeable. S. Miller says, “hardy and
immensely productive.”
Cassady. —Bunch of medium size, 4 or 5 inches
long, slightly shouldered, moderately compact;
berries half an inch to five-eights in diameter,
light green, sometimes « faint shade of salmon;
Sweet, scarcely foxy, with much pulp, rather defi-
cientin flavor. Downing says “very good,” and
S. Miller, “sweet a3 honey, with a peculiar and
delightful aroma.” Tastes differ, and we cannot
place it so high in the scale of excellence,
ZIenoir—Bunch scarcely shouldered, 4 inches
long, rather compact; berries rather small, or
three-eighte to one-half an inch in diameter, with
arather brisk and quite high flavor—*good” or
“sery good.”
Franklin,— A small, broad, shouldered bunch,
compact and even—berries half an inch or more in
diameter, round, black, apparently thoroughly
ripened, and hence an early sort. Quality “good,”
perhaps “very good.” There is a perceptibly
brisk flavor, a very slight shade of the acerb
quality of the frost grape,
Mr. Downrna states in the, Jorticuléurist, the
results of his experience and observation with the
new grapes, as follows:
Rebecoa.—Any one who tastes it will be unwil-
ling todo without it. Mildews a little, but not
more than the Isabella. Requires but time to rank
as the “American Chassselus.”
York Madeira.—Wardy, produciive.
good.” A few days earlier than Isabella,
TNyde's Eliza, Canby's August and Baldwin's
Larly.—A\\ probably same as York Madeira.
Delaware, — Longest tested. Not a delicate
grower, as some represent. Fruit sugary, aro-
matic, refreshing. Never cloys, and is of the
highest quality.
Diana.— One of the most vigorous growers.
Begins to color, and is very good to eat almost as
“Pretty
insurance of laying down the vines, (after they
are trimmed about the 1st of December,) on the
ground, and covering them slightly with earth or
other substances. Give them soap suds and other
early as the Delaware, but does not hasten to
maturity as that kind does,
HHerbemont.— Needs protection in winter, and
will not ripen its fruit north of New York, as a
rule. It gives abundant crops of delicious, spicy
fruit, the berries of which are bags of wine.
Anna, — First froited while A. J. Downing was
living. Flavor reminds one of the Muscat of Alex-
andria, It grows much like the Catawba, and
seems to resist mildew better than any except
Delaware. Berries large, much like Catawba,
peculiarly dotted and covered with bloom. Golor
greenish white, sometimes light amber. Less
acid than the Catawba. Ripens as early as the
Isabella.
++ —_____
PEAR BLIGHT,
Eps. Rona New-Yorxer:—Lither through a
failure on my part in making myself understood
in my communication published in your issue of
August 25th, or through some misunderstanding
of said communication on the part of Mr. Srence,
{seo his article in the Runan of Oct. 8th,) we
(Mr. Spence and myself,) failed to understand esch
other.
It appears that the disesse alluded to by Mr.
Srexce, affects nothing but the roots, while the
bark blight to which I referred in my article is
confined to the body and base of the lower limbs,
or, I should say to the larger limbs.
Will Mr. Srexce, and other gentlemen of the
Fruit Growers’ Society of Western New York, give
us, poor benighted outsiders, a little “more light”
on the subject? G. C. Beecuer,
Livonia, N, ¥,, Oot, 1859,
GOOD, WHOLESOME BREAD-POTATO YEAST.
Take two teasaucerfuls good flour; scald tho
flour so that when itis thoroughly scalded it will
be about the consistency of mush; beat well;
when cool enough, add two-thirds teacup fresh
yeast. When very light, knoad with alittle warm
water,—it is much better touse part giilk,—koead
just flour enough to have it smooth, without stick-
ing to the board, then muke in loaves, When
again light, bake in a good oven. The foregoing
will make two loaves which should be baked in
two quart pans, Let it rise very light before
placing in the oven, or until it begins to crack on
top. Bake balf to three-fourths of ao hour, keep-
ing good watch thatit does not scorch or brown,
and you will have bread that your worser balf will
declare is the very best be ever eat. If not, we
shall put him down as bard to please.
Porato Yeast.—As [have never yet noticed in
the Ronan New Yonker ao recipe forthe kiod of
yeast that we use, { fortuwith send it. Boil toree
good-sized potatoes; pare and mash very fioe.
While the potatoes are boiling, toke usingle hand-
ful of hops, tie them in muslin bag, and place
them in an earthen bowl that you can set over the
teakettle, Pour about o quart of boiliog water on
them, let them stand from three to five minutes,
or until the potatoes are dope aod musbed, add
to the masbed potatoes one teasaucerful flour;
two tablespoons sugar; one-fourth teaspoon salt;
ope teaspoon ginger—scald the whole with the
hop water; mix well, and when cool enough, add
two-thirds teacup brewer's yeast. Set in a warm
place until very light. This yeast, if kept in o
cool place, but where it will not freeze, wall be
good for several weeks during the winter.
Chautauque Co., N. ¥., 1859, Nerrz.
HOW TO PUT UP HAMS AND LARD.
Messns. Epirons:—Noticing an inquiry in the
Rurat “how to put up hams,” Isend you a recipe
that I will warrant to keep them avy reasonable
length of time, perfectly sweet—as follows:
When the hams are sufficiently dried (say two
and half months after killing,) wrap them well in
newspapers—(the Rurat would give them a
splendid flavor, as it contains so many nice things,
though I would prefer to keep my o/d ones to read
again; buta truce to the digreesion,)—and pack
them in good, strong ashes. Youcun keep them
sweet and nice as long a3 you pleuse.
While I am in the way of it, I will send youa
recipe for making lard ‘as whiteassnow.”’ Now,
don’t be incredulous, but éry, and then you will
know ’tisso! Take about the proportion of one
gallon 7yeand two tablespoonfuls of soda to thirty
gallons water, and boil the fat in it the usual way,
and my word for it, your lard will rival snow.
Fosteryille, Toon, 9. M. FW.
COLORING RECIPE—CREAM PIE,
Ens. Runan New-Yorser:—In reply to on in-
quiry in a late issue I send the following :—
To Cocor Straw Leap, og Mouse Co.or.—Take
beech-bark chips, cover with water and set over
the fire notil you think the strength is out, then
strain the dye, pluce it over the fire again, adding
a little copperas, (not too much, or it will make it
too neara black.) Thedye must be very stroug
of the beech-bark. Clean your straw with soap
and water and a brush, then put it into the dye,
stir and tarn over often (to prevent spotting,) air-
ing it occasionally until dark epoogh, Rivse in
clear water. When dry it may need brushing. I
have always colored in brass, but something else
may be as good.
Crea Pres —Lady readers of the Rurat, please
try my way. Into one pint of cream stir 1 tuble-
spoon of flour, nearly a half cup sugar, alittiesalt,
and season with nutmeg or extract of lemon.—
Make a good crust and your pie will be good. *
Hendereon, N, ¥., 1859. Mua, M, E, Rice.
Srancuma Fixe Suirrs.—Noticing an inquiry
in the Runa New-Youser for a good recipe for
starching fine shirts, collars, &¢., 1 send you one
which I have never seen published. Qne ounce
spermaceti and one ounce white wax—melt into @
thin cake ona plate. A piece size of a quarter dol-
lar, added to a quart of prepared starch, gives &
beautiful lustre to the clothes, and prevents the
iron sticking.—Viy1a, Levant, WV. F., 1869.
Sopa Cnacxens,—One and one-half cups of milk;
1 teaspoonful soda; 2 teaspoonfuls cream, tartar;
apiece of butter as large as a hens’ egg; alittle
salt—put the soda in the milk, the cream tartar
with the flour, mix hard, roll thin, and bake ina
quick oven,—Nettie STERLING, Kalamazoo, Mich.
Exvenpenry Wixe.—Will some of the Runar
readers please inform me how to make elderberry
wine? I have eighteen gallonsof the juice. Will
it pay to manufacture 2—D.N. Ganpiver, Dundee,
Yates Co., N. ¥., 1859.
Borrermick Caxe.—One teacup buttermilk; 1
tablespoon butter; 1 teaspoon soda; 1 teaspoon
salt; 1 tencup dried currants; 1 teaspoon cream
tartar; 8 cups flour. Bake slowly one hour—
Livre, Oakland, N. ¥.
————__.
Coons Kip Gtoves.—Will some of the Ru-
RAL’s numerous correspondents please to inform
men how to color white kid gloves a light green
or blue?—Sauuy, Sidehitt, 1859.
Cuantorre Rosie.—Will some of your readers
inform us throngh the Rorau New-Yorkex how
to make Charlotie Russe, and oblige—Audusra,
Knowlesvitte, N. ¥., 1859.
Exawine your pickles, sweetmeats, and every
thing put away.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
WATCHING.
BY KATE CAMERON,
Tam watching by my window,
Bot, ab, ’tis all in vain—
Tho loved ones and the loving
Thoy never come again,
‘Thoy loft us when the blossoms
Made bright the summor day,
‘Tho flowers wHl return in spring,
Bat tney—ah, never, they!
Lam watobing by my window,
And musing on the Past,
‘Tho sanny visions of my heart
Too fair, too frail to last.
A thousand dreamy fancios
Woven in idle hours;
Ab, never will bloom such flowers again
In Fanoy’s faded bowers,
Tam watching by my window,
Tho busy, bustling sirect,
The ever changing faces,
Tho tread of passing feet;
And ono thought comes to cheer me
That Gop is over all,
Ho knoweth overy heart-pang,
Te «oes each tear-drop fall
In love Ho watches o'er us,
Nor wiil it be in vain,
For Ho will bear us safo at fast
Over Life's troubled main,
And in those blessed mansions
Upon the SpiritShore,
Earth's faded flowers again will bloom
To obange and dio no more!
Rochester, N. Y., 1859.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
MOONLIGHT.
Aw enlightened mind can regard only with
wonder and contempt, mingled with the most
heart-felt pity, the poor, deluded heathen, who
bows with reverence, and, perchance, with a yield-
ing up of life, before an image his own hands
have fashioned. But I confess to a feeling of
admiration for the untutored enthusiast who gives
vent to his inherent religious zeal by a sincere
worship of the moon; and, without doubt, I
should follow his not altogether inglorious exam-
ple, had I never been taught of Him who made
both “the heavens and the earth.”
In childhood I possessed a love of moonlight
that became the subject of many a pleasant jest
by merry companions, who delighted to remind
me of the man said to hold undisputed possession
of that enchanted realm, and to gaze forever
down upon tho bustling, transient mortals who
inhabit this mundane sphere. Although I entirely
ignore the story of the poor unfortunate recluse,
yet my passionate love of moonlight has grown
with my growth and strengthened with my
strength, until it has become a part of my very
being. Even now, as I sit at my open window
and write, the pale moonbeams are illuminating
every object around, and shining full upon my
face, and I am strangely, calmly happy—as I
always am under their silent, soothing influence.
At times, when some great sorrow has fallen with
crushing power upon the heart, and the darkness
of despair enveloped the soul with a midnight
gloom—at such times, I have gone forth and stood
alone under the broad canopy of henyen, and the
moon, looking so pityingly down, would charm
away the spirit-pain, and the old light-heartedness
returning, it seemed I could almost defy the world
fo reader me again unhappy. ‘‘Sickly sentimen-
talism!” I hear from some plain matter-of-fact
reader, Well, perhaps it is, yet I always feel that
my moral nature is refined and purified by such a
communion with Nature and with Nature's Gop.
An incident intimately connected with this
Subject is engraven with a pen of iron upon the
Mojt sacred tablet of memory, and time can never
efface the record there. One bright morning in
the early Autumn time, when tle shadow of a
recent aflliction had darkened our household,
there came to us a little dark-eyed, brown-haired
fairy, like a roy of sunshine dispelling every
cloud, and creating by her presence an atmos-
phere of joy and love. She was the child of a
Sninted sister, and we loved her, first, for her
mother's sake, and afterward, for her own sweet
self. She seemed a little miniature embodiment
of all that was pure and beautiful, and to me she
became dearer than all the world beside. Through
house and garden, in kitchen and parlor, were
heard the musical tones of her voice, and stran-
gers who came to the house murmured blessings
upon the fair child, and parted with regret from
one who seemed formed only for love. But our
darling was too pure for earth, and Heaven had
need of her. While sitting on a low stool at my
feet, and singing, in her peculiarly sweet and
varied tones,
“T want to be an angel,”
she complained of sudden faintness, and ag she
became rapidly worse, we sent for the family
Physician. The child was a particular favorite of
tho good old doctor, and though he told us there
was hope, YetL could gather little encouragement
from bis words whon [ noticed his agitated voice
and manner, which he vainly attempted to control.
But why linger over a scene more painful than
words can describe. Three days of intense anxiety
for us, and of the most ©xeruciating pain for the
little sufferer, and then our idolized Tiny was “an
angel.” Wegazed for the last time on that loved
countenanoe, beautiful oven in death, witha amile
still hovering about the rigid lips, and then they
buried her forever from our sight,
During all that long, melancholy day, dark
clouds had obscured the brightness of » summer
sky, and though the evening bronght no change,
et I could not resist the strong impulse that
ompted me to visit our darling’s new-mado
beside the little mound. A long time I lay thus,
shedding no tears, uttering no sound, and in the
deep despair of my heart I thought that Heaven
Was cruel thus to afflict one who had done naught
to deserve this overwhelmingsorrow. Wath these
unreconciled, sinful thoughts still in mind, I
chanced to cust mine eyes toward the now cloudless
heayens, and the unrivaled beauty and sublimity
of the scene which met my upward gaze, caused
an instant revulsion of feeling. Tho moon was
shining clear and full upon the still, quiet earth,
and to my excited imagination seemed like o
reproving angel, with a serene, sorrowful counte-
nance, chiding mine unbelief, and at the same
time whispering of heaven, where was our lost
darling, singing the praise of Him whose good-
ness I had so wickedly doubted, Tears of repent-
ance were soon flowing fast upon the fresh-lain
sod, and with a choking voice, but a peaceful,
resigned heart, I murmured, “Not my will, 0
Lorp, but thine, be done.” Frances.
Cherry Grove, N. ¥., 1859.
++ —______
A WORD TO FRETFUL WIVES.
Tuere you are, with your mouth puckered up
again! What's the matter! Are your friends all
dead? No,—well, have you lost every cent you
ever owned? No,—are your children sick? Is
your busband cross? have you got the toothache,
or heartache? Neither of these, and still as cross
as a young bear! We wonder how your family
can endure your presence. Those young hearts,
whose sun you ought to be — how you chill them
with your frowns and pettishness! No wonder
they long to get out of the house, And now you
have struck your little child because “he would
not stop teasing.” Friend, that blow fell on his
soul, and left an indelible scar there, He will feel
it long after he has forgotten it. Many years from
now, when your hend is laid low in the grave, that
blow, given without cause,—impntiently, angrily,
will do its work.
Why can’t you be good-natured? Were you
neyer so? Memory points to the days of your girl-
hood — seldom the lines of avger disfigured your
brow then, And the man who won your love
thought what a happy home she will make for me!
How sweet it will be to sit down by her side after
the cares of the day are over! How beautiful to
read for her pleasure — to be repaid by smiles and
kisses. And the home was ready, and the bride
established—but she proved unworthy of the trust
reposed in her. Instead of meeting care with a
hearty laugh, and “get behind me Satan,” you
worried and fretted, and began to tell every little
trouble to your husband. It was not womanly ; it
betrayed a weakness of both head and mind! Im-
perceptibly its influence crept into his spirit, chil-
ling it with a worse chill than that of death, till it
made a shroud of iron for the disappointed heart,
and the charm of love and family and home was
gone.
“Was once!” —how often these words drop
from your lips. “Iwas handsome once—I was
this, that, the other once’—and why not now?
You yourself have willed your own destiny—you
haye chosen the scold’s office; you must receive
the scold’s deserts. A little philosophy, o few
words breathed to heayen for patience—a pew,
resolute hope for to-morrow if to-day be stormy—
a little self-denial in telling petty crosses—a great
deal less selfishness—a desire to make home a
sanctuary for yourself and little ones as well as
your husband —and to-day you would have been
happier, handsomer and more beloved.
Fretting sister in light affliction, let us ask a
few plain questions, Does a spirit of fault-finding
lighten your cares? If your bread is burned toa
cinder, does it bring you a good, light, sweet loaf,
to sit down and worry about it? If the baby is
cross, does it make him smile like an angel to
shake him almost out of existence? If it rains on
washing day, will your anathemas hurry out the
sun until he stops right over your clothes line?
But if your quick bands should turn to the flour
barrel to mold another loaf—if you soothe the
weeping babe with sweet words of a mother’s pity-
ing love; if you devote your washing day to some
appropriate work, how smoothly care will iron
down his features, and become your humble slave,
instead of the tyrannical master he would be.
It is not too late yet, Surprise your husband
with a smile,— it will be worth a dollar to see his
glance of astonishment; hold the salted water of
thoughtfulness in your mouth, that you may say
nothing unpleasant, and the angel that bas been
lying prostrate in his heart with folded wings will
begin to flutter, and lift itself heayenward and
look out of his eyes with the loye of the olden
time, and your home will yet be the paradise you
once coveted,
oe
Tainute to Woxay.—The celebrated traveler,
Ledyard, paid the following handsome tribute to
the female sex:—“T haye observed,” he says,
‘that women in all countries are civil, obliging,
tender and humane. JI never addressed myself to
them in the language of decency and friendship,
without receiving a friendly answer. With man
it has often been otherwise. In wandering over
the barrens of inhospitable Denmark; through
honest Sweden and frozen Lapland; rude and
eburlish Finland; unprincipled Russia; and the
widely-spread regions of the wandering Tartar; if
hungry, dry, wet, cold or sick, the women haye
ever been friendly, and uniformly so; and to add
to this virtue, (so worthy the appellation of he-
nevolence,) these actions have been performed in
so free and kind a manner, that if I was dry I
drank the sweetest draught, and if hungry ate the
coarsest morsel with a double relish,
a
Fresa A1r—Give your children plenty of fresh
air. Let them snuffit until it sends the rosy our-
rent of life dancing joyfully to their temples. Air
is so cheap, and so good, and so necessary withal,
that every child should have free access to it,
Horace Mann beautifully says :—* To put children
on 8 short allowance of fresh air, is as foolish as it
would have been for Noau, during the deluge, to
have put his family on a short allowance of water.
Since Gop has poured out an atmosphere of fifty
miles deep, it is enough to make a miser weep to
See our children stinted in breath.”
“ Or all the beantiful pictures
‘That hang on memory’s wall,”
‘That ono of the old home parlor
Tiove tho bost of all.
Not for the dark old wainscot
Where tho ancient portraits hung;
Not for the low, deep windows
Where tho dark green ivy clung,
Not for the high carved archos,
The mantle-piéce beside—
Not for the huge old chimnoy,
Not for the hearth-stone wide,
Not for the tal, old-fashioned vases,
Nor the lounge where [ used to rest;
Nor tho old arm obair nor sofas—
It seemeth to me the best,
. But I once had an aged mother,
With eyes that were blue and mild;
And in this old home parlor
Bhe, dying, blest her child;
Her silvery hair, like a halo,
Upon her forehead lay,
Betokening the white spring blossoms
Of an eternal day.
Gently her pale hands folded
As a glory lit her faco—
I knew she was gently sinking
Tn the angel’s soft embrace,
And when the arrows of sunset
Fell on the curtain’s crimson fold,
She passed in her snint-like beauty
‘Through the gates of peatl and gold.
Therefore, “of all the pictures
That hang on memory’s wall,”
The one of the old home parlor
T love tho best of all.
ellamyy.
Wi A
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
ANTICIPATION — RETROSPECTION,
Tue materialist and the unimaginative are al-
Ways praising the beauties and blessings of the
present and the real, and cannot perceive the
pleasures that others claim for dreaming upon the
past, or hoping for the future. They dwell on the
bountifulness of the harvest, the kindness of
friends, and the joys of their every-day life, But
do we not find more real pleasure, and more true,
unalloyed happiness in the vagaries of imagina-
tion,—in the ideal past which memory brings, or
in the unexplored future which hope fills with all
that will be bright? Amid the hard struggles of
life do we find any scenes like those when we,
happy children, without care or trouble, sported
around the haunt sacred jo us as the home of
father and mother? Who Has not turned from the
brightest present and the joys it gives, when the
heart seems warm with sunlight, to some by-gone
hour when he was far happier thannow? It is so
with us all,
Ask the youth “in life's green spring,” whose
smile islike a ray of light, so much of joy it gives
“My brightest days are in the future, its strifes I
long to join, to taste the supreme joy of wealth,
and fame, and thick clustering honors. What are
the joys of boyhood to them?” Ask the maiden,
She tells of a happy home, of a loving heart, and
the society of her friends; or, perhaps, she hopes
for pomp, for the homage of the noble and the
gifted, who should be happy in her smile; or she
dreams of Oriental splendor and luxurious ease.
The praise and respect she receives she cares not
for, as they are but shadows of what her fancy has
painted. Ask the bridegroom, whose last wish is
gratified in the possession of the long sought
prize, He, too, turns to the ideal, and fancy paints
a beautiful home, shaded by trees of his own
planting, where he shall see her smile for him
alone, The gratification of one hope sends him
again on the chase, and wealth, which shall be all
for her; honors, that shall crown her head as well
as his own; fame, whose trumpet shall proclaim
her name and his alike—all these come thronging
in prompting tonew effort. And when years have
passed, and memory reverts to this time, he will
sigh that we can only enjoy the present as the
glass through which we see joys and pleasures
magnified, far in the future—summits still unat-
tained and victories still unwon.
Ask the man of honors—the man who has gained
the object of his ambition, aud on whose brow the
laurel wreath sits with the grace of worthiness.
He speaks not of all this, but he may point to
Some little brown house, some fayorite old haunt,
some mother, whose fingers were twining in his
hair, whose ready heart conceived, and ready hand
bestowed blessings innumerable on him, her idol.
He has seen life in all its phases—from the poor
school-boy to the man of wealth, of honor, and of
fame—and he knows that all is false that glitters
8o brightly. He remembers a3 the only true
friendship the sunny-eyed mate of his boyish
sports—the only happiness is narrowed down to
the hours of his childhood, and the only true love
in the holy affection of a mother.
But time passes, and we find that all is not as
we hoped, He still looks forward to the comforts
of old age—thinks of the arm-chair by the fireside;
the happy smiles of those to whom he will bea
father; the welcome paper which is to be the link
binding him to the external world; when, with
his toil completed, he feels that he can surrender
the cares to those who have 80 long looked to him
for guidance. Hope gives the joy that thus far has
eluded his grasp, Afemory turns his eyes to the
Past, and his greatest pleasure is in reverting to
many a happy hour—many a good deed.
Geneva, N. ¥., 1859.
ee ean
We should be very careful that, in our anxiety
to get the outward part of an action performed to
our mind, we do not destroy that germ of spon-
taneousness which could alone give any signifi-
cance to the action, —P}wits of Leisure.
Boron,
SS eee eo
MOORK’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
Bopy and soul, made for Perpetual activity,
must work, and work together, in order to be in
good condition, Of all engines, the human body
is the most amazing. From the days of Socrates,
4s reported by Xenophon, philosophy has been
studying the mechanics, the chemistry, the vital
forces, the adaptations, the final causes of this
structure, so fearfully, so wonderfully mude,—
There is no step forward to now Principles in
physics, in optics, in the growth of structures,
which does not find itself anticipated by some
marvellous realization of its idea in the buman
body. Considered as a working engine, there ig
none which works so cheaply, with se little waste,
and so long, or which contuins auch provisions for
its own repair.
How every survey of the skillful mechanism
shows that it was made to move. Its central,
propelling engine never stops, except in cases
which cause instant dread of death, Heart, lungs,
and brain, play on through all the thousand nights
ofsleep. An instinctof nature Prompts the young
to be in almost perpetual motion. Absolute rest
there is none, And if from necessity or choice,
uy approach to immobility becomes the habituda
of body, as is the casein somesluggish aod morbid
natures, the resultis lothargy and endless disturb-
ances of the vital functions. This frame was made
for labor.
Equally true is this of the yet more Subtle, be-
couse spiritual part. Thesoulis essentially active,
Of a mind that does not think, no man can framea
notion. The human mind is made to be active.
It is inquiring, and athirst for knowledge. Its
active powers irresistably seek for some object on
which to exert themselves, Healthful, moderate
repose, chiefly by change of employment, is good;
but entire, continual, unbroken quiesence, is
misery.
Never was there a more dire mistake than that
of men who abandon the honest and useful business
of life, under the pretext of rest, Unless they
bave singular resources, in science, literature, or
philanthropy, they sink into hebetude, weary of
the everlasting holiday, let their hearts corrode
with sullen thoughts, and sometimes fall a prey to
evil habits of premature dotage. Philosophy, no
Jess than religion, enjoins—unless where invinci-
ble necessity from infirmity or age clearly speak
another language—that we should live working,
and die in the harness.
Hence the value of a trade or calling, and of
working at it. I believe it lengthens life, I be-
lieve it staves off tribes of maladies and conceits,
Tam sure it promotes that spring and elation of
soul, without which life is along disease. If you
would find the most wretched man or woman in
your neighborhood, look for the one that has noth-
ing to de, Unless allowed to prescribe employ-
ment, even the best physician cannot cure the
yaletudinary complainer, For after all has been
said, employment begets cheerfulness; and a
“merry heart doeth good like a medicine.”—Rev,
J. W. Alexander.
——— ——
GOLDEN AUTUMN,
Ocroper is with us, introducing the nut-brown
maid Autumn, who comes to garner in the fruits
of her departed sister, Summer. Pomona lays
her tempting offerings at her feet, and Ceres,
rejoicing in abundance, fills her lap with cereals.
Gently does she smooth the couch of declining
Nature, preparing her, by gentle changes, for
the rude hand of Winter. Mildly she tempers
the northern blasts; coquetting with genile
zephyrs; at times relapsing into the refulgence
of Summer, anon chilling, with an icy breath, a
foretaste of her relentless successor. The forest,
which she finds verdant and beautiful, she leaves
bare and desolate; but see the bright green
change into hues radiant and diversified; one
by one its leaves wither and fall, and its feathered
inhabitants forsake it for more favored climes.
We cannot but think there is beauty in the decay.
So Autumn leads us with a soothing hand from
the gorgeous realms of Summer to the ice-bound
regions of stern Winter, preparing us step by
step, beguiling us on our way with sweet offer-
ings and pleasing reminisences, storing our gran-
aries, and inuring us to the cold embrace of the
coming season. Though she found us surrounded
with beauty and splendor, and leaves us bleak
and drear, yet was her reign so benign, her touch
8o soothing and gentle, and so tenderly did she
accomplish the sad change, that we bid her adion
with sadness, as sighing through the forest her
last echoes die away.
eee
THE BRIGHT SIDE.
Loox on the bright side. It is the right side.
The times may be hard, but it will make them no
easier to wear a gloomy and sad countenance. It
is the sunshine, and not the cloud, that makes a
flower. There is always that before or around us
which should cheer and fill the heart with warmth.
The sky is blue ten times where it is black once.
You have troubles, it may be. So have others,
None are free from them, Perhaps it is as well
that none should be. They giye sinew and tone
to life—fortitude and courage to man, That
would be a dull sea, and the sailor would never
get skill, where there was nothing to disturb the
surface of the ocean, It is the duty of every one
to extract all the happiness and enjoyment hecan,
without and within him; and, above all, he should
look on the bright side of things. What though
things do look alittle dark? The Jane will turn,
and the night will end in broad day, In the long
Tun, the great balance rights itself. What is ill
becomes well—what is wrong, right. Men are
not made to hang down either heads or lips, and
those who do, only show that they are departing
from the paths of true common sense and right,
There is more virtue in one sunbeam than a whole
hemisphere of clouds and gloom, Therefore, we
repeat, look on the bright side of things. Culti-
vate what is warm and genial—not the cold and
repulsive, the dark and morose,—Selected.
—EEEE——Ee
Tuune is nothing like a fixed steady aim, with
an honorable purpose. It dignifies your nature
ond insures your success,
Written for Moore's Raral New-Yorker,
THOUGH MOURNING, I REJOICE.
Tmave sill the golden suniight,
Flooding bili and mossy dale;
T have still ihe Witching starlight,
T have still the Moonlight palo,
T have muse still to cheer me,—
Voice of Singing bird and bee;
Voice of Jangbing wind and water;
Voice of mountain echo free,
T have gentle, human Volces,
Breathing words of Pleasant cheer;
Breathing words that soothe in sadnoss—
Breathiog words of import dear,
T have many left to love me;
Thave many left to love,
‘Though the ones I loved most dearly
Now are loving—loved above,
Thave «till the love of Heaven,
Lingering in my bleeding heart:
Oh, no earthly source of Pleasure
Peaco like this can e’er impart,
Oh, my Farner -Gop—T thank Thee,
‘Though of joys I am beren—
Twill pratse Theo—I will love Theo
For tho blessings Thou hast 24/¢,
Hillsdale, Mich., 1859, Brssra Day,
ees
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
SELF-DENIAL REQUISITE TO BENEVOLENCE.
Caw benevolenee exist without self-denial? If
not, what do we know of benevolence? How
many of us practice it? Of what do we deny our-
selves to bevefit others? If a case of suffering or
Want presents itself, and wo can, without forego-
ing any comfort or laxury, render assistance, we
will do so; but who of us has sufficient moral
courage to appear in unfashionable attire, or wear
our last year’s garment another season, for the
sake of helping forward the cause of benevolence?
If retrenchment in our wardrobe, in order to
benefit a suffering fellow creature, becomes a ne-
cessity, who of us is suflicient for the emergency?
The Spirit of Canisr is one of self-denial. For
us He laid aside His glory, assumed our suffering
humanity, and died the ignominious death of the
cross. We put on the livery of His disciples, and
call ourselves by His name —we ask Him to make
us like Him, and go forth to the world and act as if
we dreaded its frown, more than that of our
Saviour, Where the world forbids us to tread,
we dare not venture —its commands we hasten to
obey—in the race after fashion we benumb our
sensibilities and stifle our convictions of right,
until to do as others do, becomes our standard and
aim. Alas! that to do as others do, we should
dishonor the Holy name by which we are called,
and open afresh a Savioun’s bleeding wounds!
Tt is a fearful consideration that the sum annu-
ally expended by the daughters of Zion upon
needless ornaments, is three times as great as the
entire amount received by all the benevolent so-
cieties of the day. There are many who excuse
themselves entirely from giving anything for pur-
poses of benevolence, yet whose dress and living
are of the most approved style, Surely we may
not with impunity indulge this needless expendi-
ture, and shut our hearts to the claims of Christian
charity. The requirements of Goo change not to
suit the degeneracy of a Iuke-warm Christianity,
nor will it avail us in a dying hour, or at the
judgment day, that it was to do as did others that
we attired ourselves in gorgeous apparel and fared
sumptuously every day, while the cause of Cunist
lapguished for want of aid.
O! how long must fashion rule us with iron
sway, and we be content to kneel at her shrine?
How long must the spirit of pride and selfishness,
which this love of display engenders, be indulged?
Itis surely time for the church to consider ber
position, and ask herself whether it is one Gop can
approve. While we go up to His sanctuary so at-
tired that only those who can emulate our style
dare enter there, do we not virtually deprive the
poor of the meaus of grace, and will not Gop bold
us accountable therefor? If we do not deny our-
selves for Cunist and His cause—if we do not
seek to conform ourselves to His requirements,
preferring His approbation to that of the world,—
what reason have we to hope He will own us as
His, in the great day of His final appeariog.
Sherburne, N. ¥., 1359. Lina Les
++ —____-
Tur Hour or Deatu.—I have lived to see that
this worldis full of perturbations; and I haye long
been preparing to leave it, and gathering comfort
for the awful hour of making up my account with
God, which I now apprehend to be near. And
though I have, by his grace, loved him in my
youth, and feared him in my age, and labored to
have a conscience void of offence towards all men;
yet, if thou, Lord, should’st be extreme to mark
what I have done amiss, how shall I avoid it?
Where IJ have failed, Lord, show mercy to me; for
I plead not my righteousness; but the forgiveness
of unrighteousness, through His merits who died to
purchase pardon for penitent sinners, And since
Lowe Thee a death, Lord, let it not be terrible, and
then choose Thy own time; I submit to it. Let
not mine, O Lord, but Thy will be done. —/ich-
ard Hooker.
+e. —_—_
Prayer.—Prayer draws all the Christian graces
into its focus. It draws Charity with her lovely
train, Repentance with her holy sorrows, Faith
with her elevated eyes, Hope with her grasped
anchor, Beneficence with her open hands, Zeal
looking far and wide to bless, and Humility looking
at home,—Hannah More.
__ io
Divine TureaTsxtes.—What are the threaten-
i ivine loye?—
i the law, but the warnings of divine et
They foe a fence thrown round the pit of perdition
to erat rash men from running into ruin.
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
Px TTS
Tae Cumare forms one of the most interest-
4 ing subjects belonging to Physical Geograpby,—a
study, by the way, which has been almost totally
neglected in our common schools. This term, as
generally understood, denotes the temperature of
the air in the various portions of the globe; but
taken in its more general sense, it signifies all
atmospheric states and conditions which directly
affect animal or vegetable life. In connection
with the Chart of Temperature and Climate, given
above, we condense from the “ Outlines of Physical
Geography” the following list of causes for these
variations, the full comprehension of which will
prove of great utility to the reader:
Climate is determined by a variety of causes, the
chief of which are:—1. The latitude of a country;
that is, its geographical position with reference to
the equator. 2. Elevation of the land above the
sea-level. 8. The proximity to, or remoteness of
acountry from, thesea. 4. Theslope ofacountry,
or the aspect it presents to the sun's course, 5.
The position and direction of mountain chains.
6. The nature of the soil. 7. The degree of culti-
vation and improvement at which the country has
arrived, 8. The prevalent winds. 9. The annual
rain that falls in a country.
The latitude of a country, and the consequent
direction in which the solar rays fall upon its sur-
face, are the principal causes of the temperature
to which it is subject. At the equator, and within
the tropics, the greatest heat is experienced, be-
cause the sun is always vertical to some place
within those limits, and the solar action is more
intense in proportion as the rays are perpendicular
to the earth. As we recede from the equator, they
fall more obliquely; and because fewer of them
are spread over a larger space, they are less pow-
erfal, and consequently less influential in promot-
ing temperature, It has been calculated that, out
of 10,000 rays fulling upon the earth’s atmosphere,
CHART OF TEMPERATURE AND CLIMATE.
8,128 arrive at a given point if they come perpen-
dicularly; 7,024, if the angle of direction is 50°;
2,821, if it is 7°; and only 5, if the direction is
horizontal.
The temperature of countries is largely affected
by the extent of their elevation above the level of
the sea. As we ascend in the atmosphere the cold
increases,—an effect due to the rarefaction of the
air, and to the circumstance of being farther from
the heat reflected from the surface of the earth,
We may travel several hundred miles from the
equator towards the poles, along the level surface
of the earth, before we become sensible of a dimin-
ished temperature; but the moment we begin to
increase our elevation, a rapid change of tempera-
ture is experienced, until we arrive at a point
where constant frost prevails,
The ratio of the diminution of temperature usu-
ally given, is 1° for 800 feet of height; 2° for 595
feet; 3° for 872 feet; 4” for 1,124 feet; 5° for 1,347
feet; and 6° for 1,539 feet. In the temperate
tone generally, if one site is a thousand yards
higher than another adjoining, it will have a cli-
mate 12° colder; and the higher the latitude the
lower the snow-line becomes, till it meets the sur-
face of the earth in the frigid zone.
The nearness to, or remoteness of a country from,
the sea, is an important element in determining its
climate. The ocean preserves a much more uni-
form temperature than the land, far lower than its
extreme of heat, and higher than its extreme cold.
The winds that sweep over it have this character
to some extent impressed upon them, and commu-
nicate it to the countries over which they range.
Hence islands and maritime districts have milder
climates than inland regions under the same par-
allel of latitude,—the currents from the ocean
tempering their summer heat, and moderating
their winter cold.
The slope of a country, or the aspect it presents to
the sun's course, has an important influence on its
climate, The angle at which the sun's rays strike
the ground, and consequently the power of those
rays in heating it, varies with the exposure of the
soil relatively to that luminary, The irregular
surface of the earth,—sunk into deep valleys in
some parts, and raised into table-lands and moun-
tains in others, with slopes at all possible angles
with the general level,—presents every variety, so
far as the greater or less obliquity of the sun’s
rays is concerned,
The position and direction of mountain chains.—
Mountains affect climate in more ways than one,
They condense the vapors of the atmosphere, and
thus give rise to those violent rains which are so
often experienced in the neighborhood of lofty
ranges. At Bergen, in Norway, there falls annually
881¢ inches of water, which is more than at any
other city in Europe; this is because the clouds
from the Atlantic are driven forward by the south-
west winds into the fiords, where they are arreated
by the mountains, and accumulated, and the water
(as it were) mechanically squeezed out of them.
Mountains also afford shelter from the winds,
while the absence of them often exposes regions to
the chilling blasts of the north or the burning
winds of the south.
Another cause which affects climate is the nature
of the soil, One soil acquires heat, keeps its
acquired heat much longer, or radiates it more
readily than another, All the varieties of soil,—
light and open, vegetable molds, gravelly and
rocky tracts, stiff, wet clays, and sandy plains,—
have, it can not be questioned, their different
powers of radiation and absorption; and whether
a district be clay or sand, bare or covered with
vegetation, for a like cause, greatly affects its tem-
perature, The differences of surface so observable
in various kinds of foliage,—their darker or lighter
colors, their more or less glossy leaves,—are all
circumstances which affect the radiation of their
heat with an infinite variation.
The degree of cultivation and improvement at
which a conntry has arrived.—The clearing of
forests, the draining of swamps and marshes, the
cultivation of the soil, etc., are among the opera-
tions of man by which the climate of a country is
greatly modified and improved. The clearing og
a country from trees has the effect of raising the
Mean annual temperature, but at the same time
greater extremes of heat and cold are introduced,
Open grounds are always frozen deeper than ywood-
lands, but the latter retain the snow and ice of
winter mach later in the spring than the former.
The prevalent winds of a country constitute
another cause which affects its climate. In the
United States the winds from the north are usually
noted for their coolness, a property they derive in
the frozen regions of Hudson and Baffin Bays,
while these from the south, coming from the Gulf
of Mexico, impart a mildness throughout the
whole country. The comparatively mild cllmate
of the British Isles is owing to the prevalence of
westerly winds, which are warmed by sweeping
over the region of the Gulf Stream. In Venezuela,
the temperature, which is from 87° to 90° in March,
rises to 104° or 105,* whenever the wind blows from
the parched surface of the Llanos or great plains,
The annual quantity of rain that falls in a
country considerably affects its climate by impart-
ing a greater or less degree of humidity or damp-
ness to the atmosphere, In general, more rain
falls in islands and on sea-coasts than in inland
districts, among mountains than in level regions,
and within the tropics than in the other zones;
the great heat which prevails in the equatorial
regions causes the amount of evaporation to be
much greater than in higher latitudes, and hence
the atmosphere becomes loaded with a greater
quantity of moisture.
Ghe Reviewer.
Tor Wwear Praxt: Its Origin, Culture, Growth,
Development, Composition, Varieties, Diseases, ctc.,
etc. Together with afew Remarks on Indian Corn,
its Culture, ete, By Joun WH. Kumrarr, Correspond-
ing Scoretary of the Onio State Board of Agriculture ;
Member of the Academy of Natural Sciences, &c,
&o, With One Hundred Wustrations. [2mo0.—pp,
if Cincinnati: Moore, Wilstach, Keys & Co,
1500, Rochester—E. Dannow & Buo,
Bvor ts the title of a handsome volume which has
been awaiting examination and notice for some weeks
—douring the season of Agricultural Faire, And,
thongh we have been unable to bestow upon it that
attention and critionl perusal its importance demands,
we are constrained, from n somewhat cursory oxamina-
tion, to commend it to the notice of all interested in
wheat growing. It is apparently the most complete
work on tho subject extant, containing a vast amount
of information not obtainable in any other work. The
following oxtract from the author's Preface comprises
iis reasons for, and objects in, proparing the work:
“Several years ago I became sware of the fact that
Wheat—the staplo crop of Ohio—was annually dimin-
ishing in ite yield per acre; that in Jess than fifty years
the average product was reduced from thirty to leas
than fifteen bushels per acre, I also Ioarned that, in
Great Britain, the yleld had increased from sixteen
bushels to thirty-six per acre during the same period,
A knowledge of those facts induced me to investigate
the subject of wheat culturo, aa well as the collateral
subjects, in ordor to ascertain tho cause of the decrease
on the one hand, and the increase on the other, as well
as to learn what remedy, if any, might readily be ap-
plied to restoro our sails to their former productivences.
The result of this investigation is embodied in the
present volume. I am not aware that any apology is
necessary for introducing this volume, Imporfect as it
necessarily is, to the agricultural public. To me itbas
boon a matter of surprise that no American haus pro-
duced a treatise on the wheat plant; and more than al}
that even professional agricultural writers have been
content to loaye the ‘scattered fragments of thought?
n #0 important # tople aa the physiology, culture,
Varietios, deseases, etc., of the wheat plant dispersed
through a multitude of Journals or serial publications,
have endeavored to produce; and this work is now
Presented to the public with the assurance that there is
no other work in the English language so complete on
all subjects relating to this indispensable cereal,”
—E. Dannow & Bro, of this city, are the sole agents
for the work in Monroe county.
Toe New Awerioan Crovorzp1a: A Popular Diction-
ary of General Knowledge. Edited by Grorar Rir-
uey and Onanves A. Dana. Vol. VIL.
Fueros. [Royal octavo - (p) ]_New York: D.
Appleton & Co, Rochester- Haut, No, 5 Ath-
eniweom Building.
Tue seventh volume of this great American work
has been issued, and equals its predecessors in both
contents and appearance, A momorandom from the
publishers mentions the authorship of some of the
principal articles, as follows:—Edwards, (Jonathan)
by George Bancroft—the paper read by him before the
Now York Historical Society ; Egypt, by Robert Garter;
Electricity, Engraving, Fire Engine, Fossil Foot-Prints,
by J, T. Hodge; Elephant, Entomology and Ethnol-
ogy, by Dr, Knecland; Queen Elizabeth, History of
England, Prince Eugene, by C, C, Hazewell; Episcopal
Church, by Rey, Dr. Wilson ; Epizoa, Eotozoa, Epiphy-
lis, by Dr. White; Europe, by Mr. Raster; Aloxander
Everett, Edward Everett, by G. 8. Hilliard ; Euripedes,
by Prof. C. 0, Felton; France, by P. Arpin, Among
the bfographies of living men are those of Rev. Dr.
Ellis, R. W. Emerson, G. B, Emerson, Hon, Thomas
Ewing, Bey, Dr. Fuber, T. 8. Fay, Prof, 0, 0, Felton,
W. P. Fessenden, Rey. Dr. Finney, Henry 8. Foote,
Peter Force, Rev, Dr. Frothingham, Richard Froth-
ingham, Jr. Most of tho Jaw articles in this volume
are contributed by Professor Theophilus Parsons, of
Harvard University.
Tho Cyplopwdia may be obtained of E.R. Haxx, No.
6 Athenwum Building, who is Subscription Agent for
Rochester and vicinity,
A Bacuetor’sStony. By OurvenBuxor. New York;
Rudd & Carleton.
‘Tux Bachelor's Story is somewhat of the style of the
Reveries of a Bachelor, by Ix. Manver, which created
so much enthusiasm a few yeare since. Though not
quite its equal, the “Story” contains many thought-
gems,some of which have found their way into our
“Spice-Column.” Tor sale by Dewey.
‘That portion of the present volume published in the
Odio Agricultural Report for 1857, caused the entire
edition of 20,000 copies to be absorbed fn less than
sixty days from tho dato of publication. The urgent
solicitation of personal friends, in the correctness of
whose Judgment I hayo the utmost confidence, again
indicated to me a want, which I had previously seri-
_ ously fell, of a work which should embrace all that is
known relative to the wheat plant, Such a work I
Oxe Hunper -ELAND = ‘]
Boal Ove Bison eGo Nano and Worse
Tx this little work we have a strange compound of
the grave and cay, the sentimental and the ridienlous.
‘The kindly feelings so characteristic of Erin's children
gem the lines of many of these melodies, while others
are brimming with the wit and humor of the Jolly,
rollicking Irishman. For sale by W. S. Mackre.
—
Books Received.
Apyancep Course or Composition AND Ruetoric:
‘A Series of Practical Lessons on the Origin, History
and Pecoliarities of the English Languoge, Ponc™a-
tion, Taste, the Pleasures of the [magiuation, Pig-
ures, Style ond {ts Essential Properties, Criticism,
and the various Departments of Prose and Poetical
Composition; Iilnstrated with Copious Exercises,
Adapted to Self-[ostruction, and the Use of Schools
and Colleges. By G. P. QuAcKENnos, A. M., Aasoci-
ate Prino'pal of * The Collegiate Schoo!,” New York;
author of “First Lessons in Gompnsition,” etc,
16mo.—pp. 451] New York: D. Appleton & Co,
ocbester—Apams & DABNEY,
Forry Years mv toe WILDERNESS oF PILLa AND
Pownens; or, The Cogitations and Confessions of
an Aged Physician, [12m0.—pp, 384] Boston:
Jobn P, Jewett & Co, Rochester—E, Darrow &
Brorner.
Finest Lessons ry Comrosrtiox—In which the Princl-
ples of the Art are Developed in Connection with
the Principles of Grammur: Embracing full Direo-
tions on the Snbject of Panctuation—with Copious
Exercises, G. P, Quackennos, A. M., Rector of the
Henry-Street Grammar School, New York. [Ninety~
eighth thousand, 16m0.—pp. 182] New York: D,
Appleton & Co, Rochester—Avaus & Dauney,
Borner Wan:—A Tale of Disunion. By J, B, Jon
author of * Wild Western Scenes.” [\6mo.—pp. 6
New York: Rudd & Carleton, Rochester—Dewey.
Menores or Rosenr Hovnry, Ambassador, Author
and Conjurer, Written by Himself Edited by Dr,
R, Suevton Mackenzie. (l6mo,—pp, 445] Phila-
delphia: G. G. Evans, [From the Publisher.]
$$ ror —___
Txpustry Anp Genrvs.—There are many teachers
who profess to show the nearest way to excellence,
and many expedients have been invented by which
the oil of study might be saved. But let no man
be seduced to idleness by specious promises, Ex-
cellence is never granted toman but as the reward
of labor. It argues, indeed, no small strength of
mind to persevere in habits of industry without
the pleasure of perceiving those advances which,
like the hands of a clock, whilst they make bourly
approaches to their point, yet proceed so slowly as
to escape observation. There is one precept, how-
ever, in which I shall only be opposed by the vain,
the ignorant and the idle. I am not afraid that I
shall repeat it too often. You must have no de-
pendence on your own genius. If you have great
talents, industry must improve them; if you have
but moderate abilities, industry Will supply their
deficiency. Nothing is denied to well-directed
labor; nothing is to be obtained without it—
Selected.
ee
Evi men speak what they wish rather than
what they know.
Ui ner
Yl
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA,
T Axx composed of 38 letters.
My 24, 6. 4, 11, 19, 23, 80 1g an acrinl monster.
My 18, 12, 8, 27 are a4 aweet sometimes as my 95, 16, 20,
25, BL
28, 18, 83, 86, 17 I am very fond of,
1, 9 is my mother’s name,
ploral of 5, 9, 84,
. 29, 82, 25 Is my father’s name,
My 87, 22, 21, 9 1s. a mount,
My 10, 6, 30, 84, 883 is a girl's name,
‘This Rotema is respectfally dedicated to 9, 5, 18, 33—
85, 20, 16, 22. 83, by his uffectionate sister, 0, 12,3, 26, 16,
14—10, 4, 9, 85, 85.
My whole is a saying and the name of a poet,
Grove Hill, N. ¥., 1859. Moruz Page,
27 Answer in two weeks,
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
BIDDLE,
My face 1s smooth and wondrous bright,
Which mostly [I keep out of slzht
Within my house; how thatis made
Shalt with much brevity be suid.
Composed of timber and of skin,
Covered with blankets warm, within,
Here 1 lie snug, uniess in anger
T look out sharp, suspecting danger;
Tor Um a blade of mighty wrath,
Whene'er provoked [ eslly forth;
Wet quarrels I frequently decide,
But ueler am knowo to change my side,
Thongh e’er #0 much the parties vary,
Tn all disputes my polnt TI curry.
Thousands by me are daily fed,—
As many laid among the dead.
T travel into foreign parts,
But notin coseh conveyed, nor carts.
Ladies, for you I ofien war,
‘Then, in return, wy namo declare.
Altion, Onto, 1859, 23: Aa
2™ Answer in two weeks.
ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS, &0., IN No. 509,
al
Mn. Epiton:—Dhave long desired to contribute
m Jmite towards sustaining the Young Ruralist
ABE? of your valuable paper, I have been o
‘ident of your city most of mny life, until within
two or three years past. In fact, Iwas born and
reared in the city. Two years ago [ exchanged
the noise and bustle of your busy streets for the
stillness and healthfulness of the country, and by
this time perbapsI am able by experience to speak
rightly in regard to the desirableness of life in the
Rural districts over that of a life in the town.—
True, you haye advantages and privileges which
We arc in 4 great measure deprived of. Your
school, cburch, and social privileges are greater.
Your opportunities for knowing the current news
of the day in regard to events which are taking
place in the political, moral, and social worlds, are
somewhat more extensive. But, on the other
hand, you are not permitted to breathe the pure,
health-giving atmosphere by which we are so
bountifully surrounded. You cannot rise in the
morning and cast your eyes upon green fields,
waving grain, and a glorious sun-rise. You can-
not view the glorious works of Nature, and look
through them up to Nature's God, so freely and
cheerfully as we can who are constantly surround-
ed by them. And the labors of a Farmer are so
varied, pleasant, and health and strength impart-
ing. With these considerations alone in view, life
in the country is, in my estimation, by far the
most desirable, I have tried both, and this is the
conclusion I have arrived at,
T have chosen for life the Farmer’s vocation, and
Tlove my calling more and more every day; and
aw I to be the only one of the young men of your
city who shall leave off looking to mercantile and
professional pursuits for a liveithood, and instead,
to become tillers of the soil? How strange it is,
since mercantile pursuits are so precarious, and
the professions are so crammed full, that young
men will still continue to squeeze themselves into
the same ranks, when there is hardly room for
anotherone, How few succeed in acquiring wealth
in mercantile pursuits. How few lawyers and
doctors rise to eminence in their professions, and
even get a good living. The Science of Agricul-
ture (for indeed itis ascience, in the most enlarged
sense of the word,) offers health, wealth, and hap-
piness to its yotaries.
To all who stand at the desk or behind the coun-
ter, suffering with headache and dyspepsia, let me
say, leave the shop or the office and start for the
country ; apprentice yourself to some good farmer,
learn your business thoronghly and practically,
and then start on your own hook. This is the
course I have taken, and Ido not regret it. Iam
healthier and happier for the change. Instead of
suffering with the horrors of dyspepsia, and look-
ing on the dark side of life continually, I can now
enjoy life and health, and feel, talk, and actin a
more pleasent and cheerful manner than I once
Answer to Miscellaneous Enigma:—Friendsbip, love
Five feet per second,
‘Miss Night-en-gale,
did. a
Livonia, N. Y., Sept. 20, 1859.
QUESTIONS FOR DEBATE,
Eps. Rurat New-Yorken:—As there was some
inquiry afew weeks ago in the Rorar for ques-
tions to be debated in Lyceums, and having alittle
time this rainy day, I thought I would send some
to you, to be inserted in your paper for the benefit
of the young:
Resolved, That Noa Wensrex was a greater bene
factor to his country than Daniet Wesstex,
Which exerts the greatest influence, oral or written
communications?
Ought foreigners to hold civil offices in the United
States?
Does the hope of reward slimulate to greater exer-
tion than the fear of punishment?
Are professional men more beneficial than mechani-
cal?
Is man governed more by reason than habit?
Would it be a good policy for the United States to
annex to themselves the Sandwich Islands?
Is it for tho interest of the young men of New Eng-
land to settle in the Western States?
Does pride exert more inflaence upon mankind than
religion ?
Is it right to require a man to be able to read before
allowing bim to vote?
Adams, N. Y., 1859.
—_—-——
Fottow rae Ricut,—No matter who you are,
what your lot, or where you live, you cannot afford
to do that whichis wrong. The only way toobtain
happiness and pleasure for yourself is to do the
right thing, You may not always hit the mark,
but you should nevertheless always aim for it, and
with overy trial your skill increases. Whether you
are to be praised or blamed for it by others;
whether it will seemingly make you richer or
poorer, or whether 00 other person than yourself
knows of your action, still, always and in allcases,
do the right thing. Your first lessons in this rule
will sometimes seem hard ones, but they will grow
easier aud easier, till, finally, doing the right thing
will become a habit, and to do wrong will seem an
impossibility. :
L. E. Fis.
Tas Danaens or INvoLeNce.—Indolence is one
of the vices from which those whom it once infects
are seldom reformed. Eyery other species of lux-
ury operates upon gome appetite that is quickly
satiated, and requires some concurrence of art or
accident which every place will not supply; but
the desire of ease acts equally at all hours, and the
longer it is indulgedis the moreincreased. To do
nothing is in every man’s power; we cam nover
want an opportunity of omitting duties. The
lapse of indolence is soft and imperceptible, be-
cause it is only a mere cession of activity; but
the return to diligence is difficult, because it im-
plies a change from rest to emotion, from privation
to reality.
TO RURAL AGENTS, SUBSCRIBERS, &o,
Tne Rona, New-Yorsen enters upon a Now
Quarter this week, and we embrace the occasion to
notify its Agents, Subscribers and other friends that
single and club subscriptions—either for a year, or
three months, on trial—arenow in order and reapect-
Sully solicited. To those who know and appreciate
the paper, we need only say that the quarter upon
which we now enter, and the ensuing volume, wild
be worthy the enviable reputation the Rurar has
attained —and all others are invited to giveita care-
Jul examination. It has thousands of ardent and
influential friends, each of whom will, we trust,
make some effort (during the ensuing few weeks and
months,) to augment its circulation and usefulness
4n their respective localities,—and Now is the Best
ime to Commence the Canvass, As liberal Pre-
miums and Gratuities will be given for Clubs, &c.,
as last year, Oct. 1, 1859.
TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
FOR SIX MONTH.
One copy, 6 mo’
ee copies,
TOR ONE YEAR
cccvervs
Ssocsseo
ROOHESTER, N. Y., OCTOBER 22, 1959.
DOMESTIC NEWS.
Matters at Washington,
Tue N. Y. Herald's Washington correspondent
says it is understood that Lord Lyonshas received
8 peremptory and important dispatch from his
government, demanding explanations from our
government touching the course of Gen. Harney
in the San Juan affair, to which Mr. Cass is now
preparing a reply, which will vindicate fully our
rights. A communication lias also been received
from the British government, through Lord Lyons,
requesting that their acknowledgements may be
conveyed to our Minister to China, and also to
Commodore Tatvall, for his friendly conduct in
the affair on the Peiho.
The N. Y. Times has advices from Washington
stating that Mr. McLane is about to resume his
official post near the Mexican government,
Toformation bas been received here that es soon
as Col. Sumner heard of the attack on the Santa
Fe mail with fatal results, he dispatched a com-
pany of dragoons to Pawnee Fork to punish the
offending Indians. Hopes are entertained that
this prompt action on the part of Col. S., will re-
sult in the capture of the murderers, and the rescue
of the passengers by the overland mail. It will
probably be found necessary to station troops at
Pawnee Fork, to escort the mail through to Cold
Springs, and thus obviate the recurrence of such
outrages.
The Government is satisfied that the yacht
Wanderer is the only vessel that has landed Afri-
cans on our coast, but with a view to prevent any
further violation of the law, the most stringent
efforts haye been, and will continue to be made to
intercept any such cargoes destined for the United
States.
A priyate letter from London says that our Min-
ister, Mr. Dallas, is exerting himself to procure
the recognition of the Mexican Liberal government
by England, while other prominent gentlemen are
similarly engaged.
The Consul General of the United States in
Canada, writes to the State Department that gigan-
tic efforts are on foot to divert from American into
Canadian channela the products of the North
Western States that seek an outlet to the ocean.
Insurrection at the South,
Durie a goodly portion of yesterday (Monday)
the telegraph was conyeying dispatches calculated
to cause intense excitement throughout the coun-
try. The first of these ran as follows:
“Bautionr, Oct. 17.—A dispatch just received
here from Fredericksburg, dated this morning,
states that an insurrection had broken out at Har-
per’s Ferry, where an armed band of abolitionists
have full possession of the government arsenal.
The Express train going east was twice fired into,
and one of the railroad hands and a negro killed
while they were endeavoring to get the train
through the town, The insurrectionists stopped
and arrested two men who had come to town with
a load of wheat, and seizing their wagon loaded it
with rifles and sent them into Maryland. The
insurrectionists number about 250 whites, and are
aided by a gang of negroes. At last accounts
fighting was going on.
The above is given just as it was received here,
It seems very improbable, end should be received
with great caution until confirmed by further
advices.”
‘The third dispatch, which was received at Balti-
more at one o'clock P. M., stated that “it is
Apprehended that the affair at Harper's Ferry is
ore serious than even citizens here are willing to
believe. The wires from the Ferry are cut, and
Sonsequently we have no intelligence beyond
Onoeacy station. The Southern train which was
due here at an early hour this morning, has not
Jetorrived. tis rumored there is a stampede of
negroes from this State,”
The President
Marines stationed at Washin,
and saw the captain, whose name 15 Bul Smith 1
was kept prisoner more than 40 hour, and sax
from five to six hundred negroes, all having arms,
There were two or three buudred white men with
them. All tbe houses were closed, I went into v
tavern close by Mr. Chamber's; thirty of the
inbubitants were collected there with arms; they
enid most of the inhabitants bad left, but they
declined, preferring to protect themselves. It was
reported that five persons had been shot. -
Mr. Simpson was escorted back over the bridge
by six negroes. The train with the Frederioks-
burg military, is at Point Rock. A train with the
Directors of the Pennsylvania Railroad on board,
is on the other side of Harper's Ferry, It wos
believed that the insurrectionists would leave as
soon asitbecamedark. Orders have been received
here that the train sball stop at Sendy Hook until
Colonel Lee, who is following in a special train,
arrives, There are apy amount of rumors, but
nothing certain.”
Personal and Political.
Cor. Pritip Hickey died in East Baton Rouge,
La., on the Ist inst., at the age of eighty-two. He
was, some time before his decease, the only citizen
in Louisiana who was born within the present
limits of the State, a subject of Great Britain, and
who had lived under the Governments of the three
Great Powers, of Great Britain, Spain, and the
United States, without any chunge of his civil
status, his residence, or the exercise of his own
will.
Tue venerable Rey. Samuel Willard, D. D., of
Deerfleld, Mass., died in that town on the 7th inst.,
in the eighty-third year of his age. For half a
century he has been a most acceptable preacher
and beloved pastor, receiving the respect of men
of all creeds, and exerting great influence in the
region where he has labored. For about forty
years the deceased has been blind. He graduated
at Harvard College in 1803, and was the class mate
of the famous Dr. Payson, the late Dr. Asa Katon,
and others widely known.
Tue American State Committee of Massachusetts
have voted that itis inexpedient to calla State Con-
vention to nominate candidates for State officers,
Tue two branches of the Vermont Legislature
convened on the 13th inst. Lieut. Goy. Martia
called the Senate to order, when the oaths were
administered. Rey. William H. Lord was elected
Chaplain. The House organized by electing Mr,
Edmonds, of Burlington, as Speaker—ballot stand-
ing as follows :—Edmonds, Rep., 179; D. Dunn, of
Bernard, Dem., 40; scattering, 18. Charles Cum-
mings, of Brattleboro, was elected Clerk.
A Leavenwonrtn dispatch to the St. Louis 2e-
publican says that the Topeka Convention on the
12th nominated a full ticket, headed by C. Robin-
son for Governor, and J. F. Root for Lieut. Gover-
nor. M. F. Conway was nominated for Congress,
The Convention was harmonious, The election
for State officers will take place in December,
Taz New Hampshire Democratic State Conyen-
tion was held at Concord on the llth inst, and
was quite fully attended. The bullot for candidate
for Governor reaulted as follows:—Asa P. Cate, of
Northfield, 122; J. S. Cheney, of Manchester, 99;
scattering, 4. Cate’s nomination was made unani-
mous. The Convention did notact upon the ques-
tion of delegates to the Charleston Convention.
We are without anything very definite as to the
result of the recent elections; still, from such
figures as are attainuble, it seems to be apparent
that nearly all have resulted in favor of the Repub-
licans. We give such information as has been
received.
Miynesora.—A dispatch to Chicago, on the 14th
inst., gives the following Republican gains: —
Ramsey County, 500; Hennepin Co. , 500; Dacota
Co,, 400; Rice Co., 170; Washington Co. , 100;
Anoka Co,, 100; Cower Co., 100. The Republi-
cans are known to have gained two Representatives
in Ramsey Co., one Senator and one Representa
tive in Anoka, and probably five Representatives
in Dacota. The Democrats gain four in Winona,
There is but little doubt of the election of the Re-
publican Congressmen, Governor, and State ticket,
and a Republican majority in both branches of the
Legislature.
Onto.—The Republican majority on the State
ticket will be 17,000. To the Senate, 25 Republi-
cans and 10 Democrats are elected, and to the
House 64 Republicans and 20 Democrats,
Towa.—There being but four telegraph offices in
the State of Iowa, some days must elapse before
the result of the election there can be definitely
ascertained. The yote received thus far is about
the same as in 1857, when Low, Rep., was elected
by 2,000 majority.
Gzonaia.—Brown's majority for Governor of
Georgia is about 20,000.
PennsYLyanta.—The “ Peoples’ Party” journals
figure up a mojority of about 20,000 on the State
ticket. The Assembly is Strongly Opposition—
nearly the same as last year, when it stood 63 to
87. The Senate (last year Democratic,) is also
nearly two-thirds Opposition. The Lecomptonites
have carried one of the eleven Senators chosen this
year—Crawford over Irwin, in the Perry and
Juniata District.
News Paragraphs,
Sur'r Beave writes from Fort Tejon, California,
of the great advantage of camels in the public
service of the West. He tested the comparative
value of mules and camels as pack animals, and
the experiment proved beyond all question the
great superiority of the camel, both as regards
rate of speed and amount of burden, He finds no
difficulty in rearing camels,
Dr. Jewerr has left the Boston Traveler an
ounce or two of fine starch, extracted from only
eight horse-chestnuts, picked up in the strect,—
‘| coinage was $64,497.15, being in quarter dollars
NeaRty $2,500,000 in gold and silver was received
at New York from California ond Central Ameri-
4, oD the 18th inst, the largest amount of treasure
that ever arrived at the port in one day.
ASan Francisco writer, of late dute, says the
following are about the rates of wages now paid
in Culifornia :— Carpenters from $4 to $7 per day;
brick layers and masons, from $4 to $6; black-
smiths, wheelwrights, machinists, painters, tin-
Smiths, from $3 to $4,50; common laborers, $3;
farm hands, from $80 to $40 per month, and
found; cooks from $80 to $60.
Tr is said that Queen Victoria's second daughter
—now the first on the marriage roll—has express-
ed a wish to resign her “royal dowry” in order to
become a professed Catholic. The Court papers
insinuate that this is a step to court the young
King of Portugal, who lately Jost his wife. When
Don Pedro was in England, a few years ago, the
Princess Alice was “smitten,” but religion was in
the way, and there the affuir dropped.
AxoxG the many reforms contemplated by the
Emperor of Austria, is one which will place all
forms of religious worship upon an equally free
basis, removing all the restrictions placed upon
Protestants and Protestantism. The number of
Protestants in Austria is estimated at about three
millions— two millions two bundred thousand of
whom are in Hungary, or about one-fourth of the
people of the Kingdom. This is a much larger
number than is generally supposed to be there, and
the reform will be hailed with delight by them,
Tax last statement made by the Commissioners
of Emigration shows that there has been a de-
crease of 1,870 in the number of persons arriving
at the port of New York, compared with the same
period Jast year.
Recent advices from Genoa, state that while the
United States frigate Wabash was lying at the port
a large fire occurred in the city, when her com-
mander, desiring to assist in subduing it, dispatch-
ed to the aid of the city a portion of her officers
and crew with the fire engines of that ship.—
Shortly after the occurrence a Jetter was received
by the commandant of the Wabash from the Vice-
President of the Royal Chamber of Commerce, at-
testing their gratitude, as well as of all Genoa, for
the important services rendered.
Tu Pacific wagon road has been finished. Du-
ring the Summer some 1,500 wagons, 12,000 head
of cattle and about 4,000 persons have passed over
it. Grass, wood and water are found sbundantly
along the entire route. It commences at the South
Pass, leaving the Suge Plains to the Southwest,
and, going directly through the Wasatch Moun-
tains by way of Thompson’s Pass, crosses the head
waters of Bear and Great Snake Rivers.
A TRAVELER stopping at one of the hotels in
Minnesota, recently, saw the phrase “Fried Water
Chickens” on the dinner bill of fare. Desiring to
know what this meant, he sent for a dish of water
chickens. They came, and sure enough looked
very much like the smallest and whitest of fried
sprivg chickens. He tried them—found them
excellent—recommended them to the rest of his
party, ladies and all, All who tried them liked
them wonderfully; and so, nearly all of them be-
came /rog-eaters, almost without knowing it.
Rocnester University aNp THEOLoGicaL Seu-
INaRy,—We see it stated, says the Democrat, that
sixteen pew students bave been admitted to the
Theological Seminary in this city, the present
term, and about fifty-five to the University—forty
of them forming the Freshman Class. This, we
believe, is the largest number ever admitted to the
University at the opening of the Academical yaar,
Kiya Wituram's Istanp.—The Albany Journal
says :—King William's Island, the spot where the
remains of the Franklin Arctic Expedition were
found, is one of the southern-most islands of the
Arctic Ocean, It is but a little north of the upper
shores of Hudson's Bay ; is twelve degrees of lati-
tude farther south than the spot where Dr, Kane
wintered safely, and three hundred miles further
south than are the Davish Settlements in Green-
land. Ithas long been known and visited. Be-
cause it was so near by, and so far south, the Ex-
peditions have never dreamed of looking there
before, but have prosecuted their search in the icy
regions further north.
Toe Source or tue Nits.—The great problem
of the source of the Nile, which bas occupied the
attention of the world during so many ages, may
now be considered os definitely solved. Capt.
Speke, who has just returned to England from an
extended tour in Central Aftica, in company with
Capt. Burton, discovered a lake, called by the na-
tives Nyanza, but by the Arabs Ukerewe, which
appears to be the great reservoir of the Nile, It
extends from 2° 80 south to 3° north latitude, ly-
ing across the equator in east longitude 43°. Its
waters are the drainage of numerous hills which
surround it on almost every side. The new lake
washes out the Mountains of the Moon as at pres-
ent existing in our atlases. An expedition has
been formed in Bombay for the purpose of contin-
uing and completing the discoveries of Captains
Burton and Speke. Mr. J. Kenelly, Secretary to
the Bombay Geographical Society, and Dr. Sylyes-
terare at the head of it, They are to set out in
November, and will attempt a thorough explora-
tion of the great lake regios, which is now known
to contain the source of the Nile.
Operations or tHe U. S. Mint.—The gold coin-
age of the United States Mint in Philadelphia for
the month of August was $95,151,50, in double
eagles, eagles and quarter eagles. The silver
and dimes. Of cents $25,000 were coined. The
whole number of pieces coined was 2,738,542, of
the aggregate value of $174,638.20, The total
gold deposits of the month were $111,650, of which
$66,560.81 were from California, and $45,089.19
were from other sources. The silver deposited
was $64,900. Total deposits for the month $179,-
Important from Texas,
Abvyices from Brownsville, Texas, are received,
stating that that place was attacked on the 28th
ult., bya band of Guerillas, who killed fivecitizens,
broke open the jail and freed all the prigoners,
The most intense excitement prevailed, and the
Mexicans had sent aid from Matamoras, The
Guerillas were beaded by Castina, who shot the
Sherif of Brownsville last July, while he was at-
tempting to arrest him,
A party of outlaws, one hundred strong, rode
through the city on horseback, and posted senti-
nels, when Gen. Cayarajel and others from Mata-
moras arrived, and persuaded five to leave, Fort
Brown was garrisoned with Mexican troops from
Matamoras, and the citizens had formed 4 patrol
to keep a watch on the outlaws, who Were encamped
near the city 200 strong. The Mexican General
visited their camp, and obtained a promise from
them that they would not molest the city any more.
The citizens, however, expect still another attack,
as the outlaws stated that they had more on their
list to kill, An express had been sent to San An-
tonio for troops.
The Brownsville Flag, in an extra, thanks the
military and civil authorities of Matamoras for
their aid, and blames the Government for leaving
them defenceless, The Sheriff with a posse came
down to Point Isabel with the Arizonia’s mails.
The cause of the difficulty is said to be a desire on
the part of Castina for revenge for injuries which
healleges he has received. The citizens of Browna-
ville bad mostly fled to Matamoras, haying no
faith in the promises of the outlaws, that they
would molest them no more,
Advices from San Antonio state that Gen, Twiggs
has responded to the call for aid from Brownsville,
that he has not menenongh at his disposal to drive
the Indians from the frontier, and can therefore
do nothing. The ranches on the Texas side of the
Rio Grande, haye been abandoned on account of
the Indian depredations, The citizens of San
Antonio were raising two companies of rangers,
and other places were raising volunteers on ac-
count of General Twiggs’ inability to protect the
country.
From the Pacific Side.
Tue steamship North Star, from Aspinwall on
the 4th inst., arrived at New York on the 12th
inst., bringing 700 passengers, $600,000 in specie,
and California dates to the 20th ult.
The duel between Senator Broderick and Chief
Justice Terry, took place near San Francisco on
the morning of the 18th. Broderick fell at the first
fire, having been pierced through the lungs. He
lingered until half past 9 o'clock on the morning
of the 16th, when he died. Some of the San
Francisco papers evince a disposition to make it
appear that Broderick was the victim of a conspi-
racy. Broderick’s pistol went off before it was in
line with his antagonist. Terry’s shot took effect
two inches from the right nipple, carry away part
of the breastbone. Mr. Broderick suffered intense
agony from the time he was shot until he died.—
Judge Terry had been arrested. The public were
much incensed at the killing of Broderick. His
funeral was the most imposing ever witnessed in
San Francisco,
Victoria dates are to the 7th ult. The Colonist
says that the United States troops on San Juan
Island were throwing up a fortification on the
summit of a hill below the Hudson Bay Company’s
station.
The Portland, Oregon, papers of the 10th, pub-
lish a reply by Gen. Harney to Gov. Douglas’ let-
ter of August 30th, in which he accepts Douglas’
explanation as an apology for his past conduct,
but evidently reposes no faith in the Governor's
professions, and declines to withdraw bis troops
from San Juan until the pleasure of President
Buchanan is known on the subject.
There was but little business doing in the San
Francisco market, but prices were sensibly weaker.
SSS ee
Frow Santa F'e.—The Santa Fe mail of the 15th
ult., reached Independence on the 10th inst.—
Messrs. Otero, Porter and Cranshaw arrived, and
confirm the attack on the mail party. The Indi-
ans took all the mules, provisions and clothing,
but did not molest the mail, which was taken for-
ward by the next out-going party. The incoming
party found the dead bodies of four men, supposed
to have been Pikes’ Peakers. Two subsequent
attacks on the outward-bound mail caused the de-
tention of the incoming party, owing to the train
behind them haying been apprised of the difficul-
ties ahead by a Mexican. The combined strength
— Austria is making groat ‘concessions
ante.
— Tho receipts of the St Louls Fat
$50,000.
— Potatoes are selling far 15 cente n Duphel at Hast.
ings, Minnesota,
— Hoops and widely extended skirts are
fashion in Paris,
—The Chinese navy consists of two vessels Monnt-
‘ing im all ten guns.
—Tho American Board of Foreign Misslons
session in Philadelphia,
to the Protest
ff amounted to
going ont of
is in
—Itis thought that the value of the wine trade in
Ohio this year will be over 1,000,000,
— On Friday last the large quantity of 148,000 bushels
of wheat was shipped from Chicago,
— In 61 counties of Indiana, According to the asses
sor’s returns, there are 1,245,990 hogs.
— In the city of Chicago there are over 1,500
of which 890 are regularly licensed,
— The yellow fever has appeared in New Orie:
much to the alarm of Northern visitors,
— Senator Sumner is still bathing at Frascati, near
Havre, and is daily expected in Paris,
— Goy. Morgan, of New York, bas fixed on Thureday,
Novembor 2th, as Thanksgiving Day,
— In Paris, it is compnted that each inhabitant con-
sumes 216 bottles of wine during the year,
saloons,
‘ans,
— With four weights, viz: 1lb., S1b., 91b., and 7b,
“ny number of pounds, from 1 to 40, may be Weighed.
— The name of the Chinaman who was in command
of the victorious armies on the Petho, is Hang—General
Hang.
— The Spaniards are going to send 12,000 men against
the Moors, and the troops aro to be “ thrown Into trans-
ports.”
— The annual value of the brandy produced in France
is about $12,000,000, at an average cost of 48 cents per
gallon.
—The Bishop of London has closed tho Puacyite
Oburch, where the congregation have recently been so
riotous,
—The clty of Detroit is about to erect a new City”
Hall, ata cost of $250,000, and workhouse ak a cost of
350,000,
—The wine crop of France this year will bo a good
one, probably exceeding the annual average of $00,-
000,000,
— Tho bleck tongue ie committing dreadful ravages
among the cattle in the neighborhood of Belleville,
Todiana.
— The Northern Albany Railroad bas Jnat been sold
at auction. Stockholders and bondholders lose over
$3,000,000. =
— Mr. George Gregory, of Janesvillo, Wis, has put
down 144,000 eggs in a picklo composed of salt, lime
and water.
— The products of the varlous manufacturing depart-
ments of Cincinnati for the present year are valued at
$112,254,000.
— The Post-Master General ia making some arrange-
ments for the more effective return of dead letters to
their writora.
—They have a giant in Ohio, who, thongh only 17
years old, welghs 897 pounds, and fa soven and one-
third feet high,
— Patrick Riordan, a respected and eminent citizen
of New Orleans, died in that city recently, at the ad-
vanced age of 103.
— A fire engine, made in London In 1659, was, only
two years ago, still in working order, in the village of
Bethlehem, Penn.
— Wise, the wronaut, says that in 234 balloon ascen-
sions, he bas only met with two accidents, and two
losses of his balloon,
— The Cleveland Herald has introduced a new feature
in its matrimonial notices. It gives thenames of bride-
maids and bride-men.
— The Kansas corn crop 18 so good that the article Is
worth only 15 cents a bushel at Leayenworth. The
wheat crop Is excellent.
— Recent accounts from Roman Catholic authorities
state that three hundred priests are at work in China,
propagating their faith.
—The N. Y, Board of Education have made ont their
eatimates for 1860 at one million three hundred and
fourteen thousand dollars,
—A large body of land, $2,000 acres, lying im the
counties of Highland, Randolph and Pendleton, Va,
has been sold for $60,000.
—A good step has been taken towards erecting a
monument to Kane, one of the noblest of the noble
army of martyrs to science.
—Six hundred and fifty-eeven mules were sold at
public sale in Paris, Kentucky, on Monday week for
the aggregate of $63,495 20.
of two trains probably prevented another attack.
A company of cavalry had been ordered to march
immediately to Fort Riley, to chastise the Indians.
ge
From Mexico.—A conspiracy on the part of the
leading officers in Miramon’s army, with the object
to overthrow Miramon and recognize the Liberals,
was divulged on the 21st ult., and the execution of
the officers would take place on the 25th. The
other conspirators, not in the army, would not, it
was supposed, be punished at Vera Cruz. Active
preparations were making to seize upon Jalapa,
Cordova and the Capital. Corbas’ division was
entirely routed on the 28th by the Liberals of Oat- | !
faca, Large numbers of persons were taken, but
were pardoned. The Church party had taken
Moreno and others, and they had been shot. Mr.
Connor, Consul at Mazatlan, has secured conces-
sions of great advantage to our commerce on the
western coast,
a
Waar rae War Cost.—The two months cam-
paign in Italy can scarcely be said to have been
cheap amusement for any of the parties con-
cerned. The Allgemeine Zeitung figures up the
cost to the immediate parties to the war, and also
to the neutral Powers who were required to make
preparations for contingencies, in the following
table:
with between 80 and 90 pupils. Among
are ladies from ten different States.
— Parke Godwin has in presa the firet volume of a
History of France, which will be a valuable contribu-
tion to Amerienn literature,
— Daniel Stafford stole a yoke of oxen at Detroit, and
{n 14 honrs was arrested, convicted and on his way to
State Prison for flve years.
—The Cooperstown papers s8y that the supply of
hops will not be large enough to supply the current
brewing demand for the year.
— The Cherokee Indians are getting civilized. They
have a debt—small, to be sure—but so large that they
cannot pay the interest of it
— Autographs of John Milton and his wife were
lately bought by a Philadelphian in England for two
hundred and fifteen dollars,
— A statistical publication just issued, states that the
cost of keeping up permanent armies on the continent
amounts to 80 millions sterling.
— “Grace Greenwood” is in the list of lecturers be-
fore the Albany Young Men’s Aesoclation. Her subject
is “the heroic in common life.”
—The Eastern country has had alarge supply of rain,
At Mauch Chunk, Pa, the water was running last week
three feet deep through the streets,
— In California the Chinamen test brandy by apply-
ing to ita lighted match, and if it doss notyleld a blue
flame, they pronounce it ‘no good.
his class at Cambridge,
d
— Prof. Agassiz has opene: Raia bee
r i .£20,000,000 ing $8,080 per day ather
TY companies. At 10 | The experiment shows this nut to be so abundant] 999, Austria, about "1 — The Great Eastern fs earning $9
P, M., we received the following . in starch it may readily be turned to valuable] 4 Rgirednatvnauann Tn He iiinptioldaae aerance, Feet tee mau, this being the amount of admittance
‘Moxocacy Barner, Oct, 17.—The train arrived | account, of the Halif i; h Company, the European| Other Italian States. 800,000 | goog, Bho had bettor stay there awhile,
here at 9 o'clock. Luther sim pee nee. 2 Russia... 1,000,000 ing to yield her silver ltberally,
ih ot trata ot son, baggage-| Tue temperature of the frozen well at Brandon, | news monopolists, againts the American Telegraph England 000 — Arizona fs begin! ES ‘ould’ dotbelear allil, ‘We
easier tt je mai iD, gives the following | a few days since, 40 feet below the surface, was 34 Company, praying in substance that the latter may Germany . 5,820,000 ‘and but for the Apaches she
particulars: .
degrees, while in the open air it was 68, From
observations made in that vicinity it is shown that
& stratum of underground frost exists there,
extending over a large aren.
fear thoy will have to be—‘ olyilized.”
—A genuine “ wooden nutmeg” was one of the iors
tures of the Hartford county fair Inst week, It 1s a1
to have decetved even Connecticut folks.
be compelled to forward to the Speculators the
European news in advance of the report to the
Associated Press, the Judge refused to grant the
injunction,
Total ...0e-eseery cess eneees+£52,000,000
This makes the snug little aggregate of $260,-
000,000—or nearly one-third of the whole national
debt of England.
I walked up the bridge; was stopped, but after.
Wards permitted to go up and see the captain of
the insurrectionists. I was taken to the armory,
mS
CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER.
AGRICULTURAL.
New York State Fair—Evening Discusslons
Coring, Smoking and Keeping Hams—A Most
and Bessonable Article.
About Water Pipe.
Grass Land on Long Island.
Disease of Catthe—Inquiry. a
Premiums Awarded at the New York State Falr .
Rural Spirit of the Press—Save the Straw; The
Value of Different Manures; A Wool Traln.... wo BD
Agrtenitural Miscellany —Pal
clety’s Pair: Agricultoral Exbibidons for 8s pecs
at New York State Pair; Michizan Stave icbigaa
Btate Ae. Soclets—Officers: The Connecticut State Patrs
Canada Wea Ag, Soclery; Brockoort Union Fair, The
Ceres a ee tleld of Potatoes; Sale of Im.
proved srock; Is Land Tapoverished by Wood-crop" |
I
ping? Chicago Spring Wheat.
HORTICULTURAL.
to deprive them of all value, It suffices, without
speaking of the engagements entered into at Villa
Franca, to bring to recollection the acts and words
of Ewperor Napoleon before and since that epoch.
It is announced that several regiments of the
s da armis, under command of Marshal Cas-
telline, ia the Lyons district, had received orders
to hold themselves ready to march. Letters from
the Provinces, in France, confirm the reports of
grand armaments in the various ports. The Goy-
ernment bad purchased land at # high priceon the
coast for the purpose of erecting fortifications. At
Bologna a floating battery is to be constructed
without sails, narigated by steam, and armed with
rifle goos.
The Paris Patria publishes the following in
regard to the movements of Mr. Ward, the Ameri-
can Minister:—The latest news from Shaoghai
establishes beyond a doubt the arrival of Mr.
Ward, the American Envoy, st Pekin, This
diplomat ascended the Kitiechon Yuobo, one of
the branches of the Peiho, accompanied by all the
members of his legstion, Arriving st Ning Ho
Fou, the American corvette, which should have
Market Prices of Frult....--- 38
Bovauet of Stands, (Mlustrated, “a3
Pruiits Recelved.sses-ssrrserneee * sis
Bport in the Apple, (Illustrated), “313
New Substitute for Grass Lawns 343
Grape Culture About Syracuse ... 30
‘The New Grapes. a “313
Pear Blight..... 38
DOMESTIC ECONOMY.
Good Wholesome Bread; Potato Yenst: How to putup
Hams and Lard; To Color Straw Lead or Monae Color,
‘Sodn Crackers; Fl-
Coloring Kid
Cream Pie; tarching Pine Shi
derberry Wine: Buttermilk Cake
Gloves; Charlotte Russe. .
LADIES’ OLIO.
Watching, [Poetical;] Moonlight: A Word to Fretfal
Wives; Tribute to Woman; Fresh Air, oe
CHOICE MISCELLANY.
Pletures of Memory, (Poetleal:] Antlclpation—Retro-
apection; The Value of Employment; Golden Au-
tumn; The Bright fide ...,..- a aeceeee
SABBATH MUSINGS.
M , 1 Relotce, {Poetical} Self-Denlal
Theaeh Wowale tenors i abe Hour of Death:
Prayer; Divine Threatening: ate
THE REVIEWER.
‘The Wheat Plant; The New American Oyclopedia; A
Nachelor’s Story; One Hundred Songs of Ireland
Books Received
USEFUL OLIO.
Chart of Temperatare and Olimate, (Illustrated)
YOUNG RURALIST.
City Life va. Country Life: Questions for Debat
low the Right; The Dangers of Indolence 5
STORY TELLER,
Autumn, (Poetleal;} The Orphan Governess; Loving
and Forgiving, wees BIB
LIST OF NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
Washington Medalifon Pen—W. M. Pen Co.
Banbomnis Fary Feed Cutter—D, R, Barton and McKind-
ley & Phelos.
Apple Trees for Sale Cheap—oriton H. Rogers,
A Splendid Qoportunlty—Sanderson & Bro,
vholvsale Nurserymen—Reagles & Co,
‘Agents Wauted—S. M. Myrick & Co,
A Teacher of Penmanship Wanted—H, HL
FOREIGN NEWS,
Gnear Brirain.—The Paris correspondent of
the London Zimes snys that the task of the Pleni-
potentiaries bas been diminished by dispatches
from Vienna, and that itis believed the Confer-
ences will be terminated in a few days, unless
some fresh instructions should be received, The
amended programme is stated to be as follows:
A definitive treaty of peace will be signed by the
three powers, when another treaty will be drawn
up by which Austria will cede Lombardy to France,
who will make it over to Sardinia. The most diffi-
cult point in the double transfer is the debt, and on
this head it is believed Austria will moderate her
demands. Documents will be brought up respect-
ing the Italien Confederation, the restoration of
the Dukes and other questions, but they can only
be signed by the Austrian and French Plenipoten-
tiaries, as Sardinia utterly rejects the restoration
of the Dukes, and will not agree to a conference
under present circumstances. Spsin is requested
to be represented, should a Congress take place.
The gossips of Paris and Brussels state that Prince
Albert will represent England; the Arch-Duke
Maximilian, Austria, at the prospective Congress
at Brussels,
‘The repairs on the Great Eastern were going on
actively at Portland, but it was considered doubt
ful whether the ship could be got ready for sea
during the month of October. The fittings and all
connected with ber ses-going equipments bad been
placed entirely in the hands of the marine depart-
ment of the Board of Trade; and this, it was
Supposed, would increase the expected delay. It
Was thought probable that in a few days the ship
would proceed to Southampton for convenience of
receiving materials from London and for the grati-
fication of excursionists, who continued to visit
her by thousands.
The telegraph cable between Malta and Sicily
had been successfully laid. Business had com-
menced upon it.
Col. Hawkins, Chief Commissioner of the Ore-
gon Boundary Survey, arrived in London, in the
capacity of Special Euvoy from Goy. Douglas, in
conseqnence of the occupation of San Juan island
by United States troops, Col. H, transacted his
business at the foreign offico, specially, after his
alas
‘be China mail, with dates from Hong Kong t
the 19th of August, bad reached Tannen ee ee
Nothing of aoy moment had occurred since the
affuir at the mouth of the Peiho. Two gun boats
4nd a steamer remaioed in the Gulf of Pechey, the
rest of the defeated squadron being at anchor off
theentrance of Singapore river. Some ofihe Hong
Koog newspapers state that Mr, Ward, the Ameri-
can Plenipotentiary was still on board his ship,
and was likely to obtsin the ratification of his
treaty, as the English Minister. Aootber journal
speaks of the probability of bis having gone on to
Pekin, and a Rassiao dispatch, published at St,
Hoterspig, says be had arrived in Pekin and was
kept in confinement.
brought Mr. Ward, was retained in port. The
Stic of the legation, under tbe guidance of a
Mandarin, were placed in a buge box, about five
metres long by three broad, which was closed
everywhere but above, so as to prevent those in it
from seeing the country. This box or traveling
chamber, provided with all things necessary to the
comfort of the travelers, was placed on a raft and
taken first up the river and then up the Imperial
Canal as far as the gate of the Capital, Here it
was placed on a large truck, drawn by oxen, and
in this way the Minister of the United States and
suite entered the town of Pekin. They were per-
fectly well treated by the Chinese, but were not
allowed to see anything. The truck was drawn
into the court-yard of a large house, which was to
be the residence of the American Enyoy, but from
which they were not allowed to go out. At the
last dates they were awaiting their interview with
the Emperor. They bad not been allowed to have
any communication with the outer world, but
were permitted to send a dispatch to Mr. Fish, the
American Consul at Shanghai, informing him of
their safety. After the interview, the American
Minister was to be re-conducted to the frontier in
the same manner in which he camo,
Trary.—The Times Paris correspondent says
the latest and most accredited report respecting
Italy is, that the Grand Duke of Tuscany will
regain his throne, not by forcible means, but by
an appeal to universal suffrage, accompanied by
the grant of a constitution, and by a general
amnesty; that the Duchess of Parma will bave
Modena, and that Parma will remain annexed to
Piedmont.
The warmest and most sanguive partisans have
pow given up hopes of being emancipated from
Papal rule.
The Herald's Paris correspondent says that the
Doke of Modena is at the bead of 10,000 troops,
backed by 5.000 more under the Grand Duke of
Tuscany. Calbernatten has collected some 10,000
men, of whom about one-third are Croats, and the
remainder Swiss, aod he has gone to Vienna, it is
said, to organize a plan of attack against Fantis’
army of Central Italy, now concentrating round
Rimini, whilst the Arch-Dukes would operate from
the north. Piedmont is also eagerly preparing
for the affray.
Inp1A.—The Calcutta mail of August 29d, had
reached England, but the news generally was
anticipated. The disarming of Oude bad been
completed. It was stated that no official requisi-
tion for troops for China bad been made by Mr.
Bruce, but io anticipation that he would take this
course. The Indian Government warned two
regiments to hold themselves in readiness.
Ausrnatta.—Telegraphic advices, in anticipa-
tion of the arrival of the Australian mail, state
that the screw steamer Admilla was totally Jost on
the 6th of August, near Northumberland, Bighty-
seven lives were lost; only twenty-five of the
whole number on board were saved. There was a
great outcry against the Ministers for not sending
relief to the Admilla. No detaila are received,
The Tasmania sub-marine telegraph cable had
been successfully laid.
The shipments of gold from Melbourne since the
July mail and up to Aug. 19th, amount to £750,-
000. The yield of gold wus very satisfactory,
Advices from the Cape of Good Hope ‘are to
Ang. 21, Satisfactory accounts had been received
from the Livingston expedition,
The ship Shakepeare, bound for the West Indies,
with Coolies, was burned at sea Joly lst. The
captain and crew, 64 in number, were rescued,
but all the Coolies, 350, perished.
Jaran.—In Japan, affairs bave assumed a very
unsatisfatory position, On the 11th of July the
British treaty was duly ratified. Then the Japa-
nese Government attempted to confine foreigners
to a small island about ten miles from Yeddo.
They further sought to establish a new coin as
the only one to be used in commercial dealings
with foreigners, although according to the terms
of the treaty foreign coins were to be received at
their intriasic value, The present urrangement of
the Japanese produced a depression of 66 per
cent, The British Consul General bad signed 4
protest, and estopped trade for the present.
ComanotaL — Breadstuffs, — Messrs. Richardson,
Spenoe & Co report decline in brendstuffs, Flour dult
and quotations majotained with difficulty; new Ameri-
oan 15@26s per bol; Wheat was alko dull, and bad de-
clined 1d@2d per cental; weatern red Te4d@9a; weat-
ero white 8s@9s8d. Corn dull and declined 64 per
quarter; mixed Ss8d@6std; yellow Gs; white 7+@7s6d,
Messrs, Bigland, altnya & Co. quote a decline in corn
of eagle por quarter. Provisions.—Beef io fair de-
mand.
Markets, Commerce, rc.
Rurat New-Yoreer Orrice, }
Rochester, Oct. 18, 1859,
Frovr—No change in prices. Buckwheat Js being offered
in market, $2 # owt, being the rates,
Grary—Wheat as last quoted. Buckwheat Is worth 50
cents ® bushel, Corn still going up—85@85 cents Is readily
obtained, Rye has got Into the ascending scale, and we
pot on 5@10 cents # bushel. Barley tsatlast week's figures,
The Hong Kong correspondent of the London
Times, says that the trouble with the British bad not
produced any change in their relations with the
Chas It was reported that some of the wound-
ay dn the hands pith Chinese and are well
I °! q
serious. a dmiral Hope’s health was
There had been a serious emen' i, i
which several foreigners had ae i eae
ers wounded, Among the latter was Mr. Inter-
preter Fay, who was in a precarious state. The
riot is said to have arisen from the kidoapping of
Goolies for a French vessel, but the Master of the
vessel asserts that the Chinese on board attempted
to rob him, and he was compelled to firo x on
theminself-defence. The French minister ordered
‘the Coolie sbip into port for a straight investiga-
tion of the case,
France.—It is announced that the French force
for China will consist of 5,000 troops of the line,
15,000 marines, six large transports, six sailing
{rigates, six first class and six second class gun-
0
Another authority says that the expedition will
‘number from ToscOe to 12,000 men. 2
Tench commercial affairs show no improvement.
Wheat bad advanced both in Paris and the Pro-
Vincial market, Flour was also dearer.
ath ur Bays some journals have stated
oan — solution of the affairs of Italy would be
aan eh ke ne lesire of the Emperor of the
his house. These rumors do not need refutation
= > lam s
3 aaa:
rm & kingdom of Italy for 8 Prince.of
though rather dall.
Dainy—We make no change Jn the price of butter, al-
though to-day a tip-top article would bring 19 cents. Eggs
are up 8 cents ® dozen.
Sager Pevts are going up In price—cholce are worth $1,13,
Hay—While the very best Is without material alteration,
poorer grades are advancing, Common Js worth $15, and
occasional loads of prime bring $21 # tun,
Rochester Wholesale Prices.
Puour ASD GRarN. Fegs, dozen...
Flour,wint, wheat.#4,75@5,75 | Honey, box.....-
Flour, spring do,..94,25@4.50 | Candles, box 18@ lsc
Flour, buck #! Cotte sn Pxuits aNd Roors.
Wheat, Genesee Apples, bushel,
Best white Gan’ Apples, dried.
‘orn oe Peaches, dric
Oberries, dries
8 quan
Trout, bol.
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKEER.
Produce and Provision Markets,
NEW YORK, Oct. 17.—Fuorn— Opened buoyant but
closed ra'her beary. Sales as $LO0B'09 for super State:
$1506 1,9) for extra do: $1,624.79 for suver Western: 84.55
@3,5 for coumon to good extra do: 49. 0 for inferior
{ Kood shipping brands extra round boop Onie—market
closing dail. Canada unchanged; sales at $5,50@0,25 for
common to cholce extra,
Gnaix—Wheat dail and rather heavy. Sales at (2c for
vers chol ite western; 12«@197¢ for amber do, Rye
firmer. wal "Os." Barley lower ad more active: gules
at 76@80e, she Jaiter for choice Canada East Qorn dall;
sales at 100e for yellow, 9X40 for round ¥ellow, 99sec for
Jersey do: mixed western firmly held at @1 Oats arc dull
tL As@lic fur State, Weatern and Canadian,
Provisions—Pork market firmer. Sales at 915.95@15 57
for meas; 910,75 for prime: 415.87 for Uningpected meses, in-
cludiog ove thousand bbis seilers’ option to Nov, 10th at
$15. Lard in fair reauest and firm: rales at M@lle But
terateady at 114@lve for Oblo; 14@2Me for Stare, Cheese
Steady at 64@10Mc for common to prime,
ALBANY. Oct, 17.—FLour—Very aulet and unchanged.
Grats—Wheat Is io good supply and offered freely, bat
market not active, Sales at 10s0 for Canada elun; 1%6c for
white Michicao. Oats ia fa'r request; sales at 41@11 Wo for
Canad Exst on the asot, 4c to arrlve. Core sells in smull
parcels at 31@1,(@ Barley offering freely: buyers offer *);
sales at £00 for Canada Eust, 78¢ for Lockport, and some
Canada East on p. t.
all,
ri Iv at
0 to $5.25 for double extra; 44,50 to 8% for extra; #100
4,10 for fancy; $495 to #440 for No. 1 superfine: $7.90
for No 2superfiae, Oatmeal is la fair supply at $4.50
to 94,75 ® barrel.
Gaain—The #heat market has now for three weeks rnled
yer steady, with a very aradual Improvement, in prices.
Dorling the past week there bas been little orno flactuntion,
except towards an advance, av which the market continues
animated and firm, The rates during the past few day!
fapecally on Tuesday and Wednesday, were for good. an
prime shipping fall wheat, 1.10 to 91,15 ® bushel: for extra
prime and "giltedged" samples, 91,16 to 41,18, with one or
two loads at $129, For laferior and common, 31 to $1,06.
On Tuesday the recelots vere larger than on apy previous
day this season, the deliveries amounting to about 1100)
bushels, the average price of which was about $1.08, Wed-
nesday the recelols were about 9,000 bushela, and the aver-
ageprice $I,11 @ bushel The demand for Spring Wheat
hag slackentd, aod prices are not so high, 90 cents being
the outside gure, with 92 cents orcasionally oald for an
extra lot. Soring wheat on the cars. Gin to 950, The de-
elle io prices hus checked the supoly of barley, and the
market has been # Aull one during the week, The receipix
are, all together, 1,000 bushels ® day, which were sold a
0 bie F bnshel.” Rye cont'nues scarce and in stendy de-
mand av60c ® bushel. Pens are more freely offered, and
prices have settled to 500 ® bushel, at which rate the mar.
ketisheavy, Oats bave been very sparingly #ffered, aud
prices have becn reguiated by each day’a supply. Yester-
day giles were made at i0 to32c # bushel. As high as Sic
iiss sen realized daring the week, Prices are unsetuled,—
eb.
Tho Cattle Markets,
NEW YORK. Oct. 13.—The current
aba chasis) as followe: prices, fonaike ‘yack.
eer Carrik—Rirat quality, ¥ owt. $9,50@10.00; ordl-
nary do, 94900300; common'do, $1,00@8,00cinfetor ay
#0070700. et
Cows AND Oatyes—First quality, $50,00@65,00; ordinary
do, $10,00@50,00; common do, #30, 3 int
Hoiansow s 00@.10,00 ; inferior do,
#aL CaLves—First quality, @ 0, 6@70;
@5'sc; common do, 4@se; inferlor Hee ss
Steer AND Lamas—Prime quality, @ hend, $5,50@6,50;
eats $4,58@5,00; common do, 93,50@4,00; inferlor,
Swine—Pirst quality, 6@6%c; other qualities, 54@5)e.
ALBANY, Oct, 17.—Market for cate more actly:
for several Weeks, although the receipts are Ha The
Fastern men found a pretty good market at Brlahton Just
Week, the demand being active, aod are buylae rather Iho.
erally in anticipation of a cont'nuance of the nctive trade
they then met with. Oo the contrary, the New Yorkera
found an over supply In the city last week, and realizing
very little if any profit in their sneculations. are not dis
posed now to ventare too deep, The indications are that
over one thourand head will be taken for the East, and with
the stores and the number retailed here, there will scarcely
be more than elebtren hundred to go to ‘ork,
We advance onr quotations on toe better grades, remork-
{ng that the rnling prices are put little if any beiter than
last week, but the improvement in quality of the same
classes of cattle commands bigher rates, and we quote ac-
cordingly:
Extra....-..
First quality.
Second quality.
Third quality
Inferior ...
BRIGHTON, Oct. 13.—At market 1500 beeyes, 1000 stores,
7000 sheep and lambs, £0 swing.
Prices—Market beef—Extra, $8,25; first quality, $8,00;
second, 87,50: third. 85.5005,
Working Oxakx—8100, 8130@165,
Micon Cows—$12@14; common, $19@20,
Vaat, OaLvEs—93, #46,
YeARLINGS—8I@L1; two years old, $17@41; three years
old. $:0@25.
Hipes—5M@OMo BW.
TaLLow—7@1Mc.
Susur ann Lasns—91,2
bwixe—Fat hog:
OAMBRIDGE. Oct. 11—At market 1981 cattle, abont 900
beeves, aud 1081 stores, consisting of working oxen, cows
and calves, yearllngs, two and three years old,
Pi —Narket beef— Extra, 97,50@7,75; first quality.
$6,757.25; second quality, 96,00; tuird quality, #1,00;
ordinary, 23,00.
Working oxen, $75. $100@150; cows and calves,
$95, 340, 850@63; yearlings, #&G@L1; two years oid, $17@21;
three years uid, $20@25_
‘Sueep AND LAMuS—7355 at market, Prices, In lots. 91,00,
$1.25@1,75 Extra and selections, #200, $2,50@0,00,
Hipes: aie Pb, TALLOW—7@7 4c BR bb.
Peits—62@ $1 each, CALF SKIAS—l0@13s @ D.
TORONTO. Oct. 15 —Brer—The cattle market continnes
to be well supplied, and purchases are stil heing made for
the American ma'ket. Prices for first clasa ranae froin
$1.50 to $5 #100 Ibs,, and lo for commun, Sheeo
#3 to Sheach, Lambs 81,75 to 9225 eaca. Calves af to 36
each Pork—Fresh pork is commencing to come In, and
ee ind fair sale for immediate consumption at 95,50
(0 a,
Woot ateady at 26to 270 B®. with Nicht supplies, Sheep
aking, fresh slauehtered, Bic each, Beet hides, $6 # 100 ns,
Calf ekins, lOc # B. ‘ove.
The Wool Markets,
NEW YORK. Oct, 13.—The market hag been less actlye
during the werk, owing to the reduced stock and the ex
alted pretensious of holders, who now ask as high sis 700
ior sisictly coolce band-washed Saxony feeves, from Wasti-
ington conniy, slvunia, We hope, nowever, that ovr
interior friends will nol rua up the price of thei¢ woot be
cunae We quote auch an extreme pice for a small desirable
purcel, There 1s very little of this class of wool in the
country, abd tbls ia well, for no large parcels could be
placed at apy such aorice, We hope, therefore, thavevery-
body will not ask this rate for wools not worth aver hdc
4s many did last year when we quoted w sale of wool ut 80c,
which Was Ht to lay on the looms, aod cheaper ar that than
full blond off the sheep's back ut 6c, We are led to these
remarks lest our {nterlor friends should misunderstand us,
as we hays reason to believe they do, when we bappen to
quote a sale of wool at an exorbitant price, The market
for wool Js now fully high enough at 40@sue for comu
quarter to full-blood Merino and Saxony; small sates of in
sorts are often made at 62'4@bie and uoward, but those ar
fancy lots for fancy purposes, abd it tardly serves any «ou
purpose to the farming interest to have such sales quoted.
We want the farmers to realize fall prices for their wool,
but hy wil means when ft commands 40 to 6c not to wait
to gell oat till it woes to 70 or alc, for such prices would in-
duce a Jarger growth very soon, and the effect would crash
manafacturera the succeeding year, and then they would
be wowble to pay more than 3 oF 0c. and fs 4 cousrquence
many farmers would hesitate about growiag wool tu this
Jatinude at these figures.
The stock of fleece wool now available in this market does
notexceed 700,000 hs, and that in Philadelphia and other
adjacent cites, we haye reason to believe, fs fully, if not us
small, while the receipts immediate and in prospect from the
interior are and will likely prove Yery light, as dealers and
producers have already purchased liberally in the country.
The ew # of the light supply, then, all will, no doubt, ere
this admit, isa short clip, not in length, but in bulk, The
croo in all the old States is quarter short of a full average,
and, thongh that of California and Texas is much larger, i
is only like a goutee, dans le Dasquet; sales of 125,000
common to extra Merino and Saxony at i0@tse,,
00 ths,
including
50,000 ths, mi. Western New York half to three-quarter
blood at 620; also, 70,000.08 Oulifornia at 15@87%e. for
common mixed to fine: extra fine sorted California Is now
held at 42%c.: some small parcels of low Canada mixed have
been soldat 3c, and extra fine at 89c.; a full price Old
pulled Isnow in meager supply, and but little if any lamb's
ave heen recelyed as yet; prices are, therefore, very firm,
sales of 80,000ns, at 32@aze, as to quality, Forefen is in lim-
ited request: the stock of fine descriptions fs light, and prices
ure very firm, but there Is a g-0d supply of the low and me-
dium qualities on sale; the transactions include 100 bales of
Donskoi at 1§4a@19e.: 60 do. Rlo Grande at 18@190,, and a
small lot of extra fine sorted Mestizo, from second bands, at
Ac., 6mn03,; also, siles 99 bales Cordoya, and 190do, washed
African on private terms.—7riune,
ALBANY, Oct. 13.The demand for wool has been quite
active throvghout the week, and the market firm, with wn
np*ard tendency. The sales sum np 62.000 its, including
10,000 Ts. coarse Qeece, at 9c, 8 common do at
874c, 15,000 do on p, t,, 20.0 Bs. fine do ut 52)4, 8,000 ma,
Soper pulled at 43, and 7,000 ms. extra do at 47. The stock
bere fy quite Ii,ht, and at the cloge the greater part of It
Was under negotiation. —/ournat
BOSTON, Oct. 13.—Fleece and pulled wool are ve
with sales the past ects of 108000 ts,
Ori
The transnctlons It
foreign comprise 700@=00 bales Mea rranen and South
American at varlous prices, a3 to quali
Saxon & Merino, fine.
Fall blood.
Do. No, 1.
Do. No, 3,
Marriages.
Ix Fibcldee, Oct 6, by Rev. R. Dunstxo, Mr WARR
a HROWN, of Jordau, und Mise PUEDE. HONT, of te
former place.
Advertisements.
Terms of Advertising —Twenty-Pive Cents a line, each
Insertion. A price and a half for extra display, or 37 cla,
perlineof space. Srectat Notices —following reading mat-
ter, leaded — Fifty Cents Line, each Insertion, oF aD¥a SCR
27 The circulation of the Rowat New-Yorees far exceeds
that of any similar jeurnal in America or Europe, rendering
it altogetber the best Advertising Medinm of {ta class.
[2 All transient advertisements must be accompanied
with the cash, or a responsible reference, tosecure insertion,
Those who send as advertisements to be published at prices
they specify, are respectfully advised that we are not ina
position to allow any one to dictate terms—especlally when
the demand upon onr columns, at published rates, exceeds
the space appropriated for Advertising.
A TEACHER OF PENWANSHIP WANTED.—
Addrces, with pardcutars, H.H, Paris Hill, Qnelda co,
EADER, If you want employment that will pay, take
an Agency, Address with stamp, for partioulars,
bila 8, M. MYR(OK & O0,, Lynn, Muss.
O WHOLESALE NURSERYMB’
of Agricultural Implement Dealers, Nuiarrymen, «le,
fo the United Staves, Canadas and Europe, just pubiished,
containing nearly 2509 names made by special canvass,
and revised to date, Pricereduced to al.
REAGLES & CO.,
Bible 18 North William street, New York.
A SPLENDID OPPORTONETY Is now offered to
AA. Agents to make from $75 to $100 per month. An agent
wanted in every county througonnt the Union, by which
the above and more can be realized. Ror particulars,
which are free, address with stamo for return posinge,
SANDERSON & BRO,
Bilt Newark, Wayne county, N. Y.
PPLE TREES FOR SALE CHEAP.—The Sub-
seriher bas on his Paria near Fairport, Monroe county,
some 30.000 Apple frees, compria'ng all tne popular varie~
tles, These trees are four years old. straight, turifty, with
fine Ohrons rants, and In excellent condition for removal
Asthe land Is wanted for cultivation, the Trees will be
sold in quantities, delivered upon the premlsesut very low
prices,
For particulars, inquire of Dr. M_ Srnoxo, Rochester, or
address my Ae nt, OuARLeS D. JOHNSON, Palinyra, N.Y.
October 12, 1859" (011-28) CARLTON H. ROGERS.
GANpoRN’s EASY FEED CUTTER
THE BEST IN USE.
advantages aré as follows:
me fseuitable for cutting STALKS Hay, or BrRAW.
9; Te will cut any tength you require.
8. Tuis cheap and durable,
4 Icia warranted to do more work, with less power, than
any machine in Use,
‘ctured and sold by,
aon R. BARTON and MCKINDLEY & PHELPS
No, 8 Buffalo street, Rochester, N. ¥.
PEN.
S5L1-6t
VV Asani nan MEDALLION
ens! bi .
oF ese Pen sent on recelpt of two 3 cent P. O, stamps.
dress. W. M. PEN CO.
Lite Box 8,135 P. 0., New York,
AGENTS WANTED, TO ENGAGE IN A
300 ee itratve and honorable business, For partic-
ulars address M. M. SANBORN, Brasher Falls, N. ¥. (102%
PEACH TREES—10.000, one year from the hud, large
and fine, and ofthe best varieties, Boxed snd sbipoed
for #7 per dred. R. SANFORD,
Marion, Wayne Co. N, ¥. b10-2t
Fall and Winter Campaign —1859-60,
ow is THE TIME
TO SUBSCKINE FOR AND CINCULAT
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
‘The leading and largest circulated AonIcoLTURAL, LITeRARY
asp Fanity Nawsrarnn, as a New Quarter commences with
October. The Reratis widely known aa the Gest and Most
Popular Journal of its class—its CoxtenTs being of the first
order, (Useful, Entertaining and Pure,) and its ArrRARAKGR
unique and attractive,
youre, Ie UornREneyT Though published less than tea
$ onARENeS OF THE RURAL PRESS
bility, Enterprise and Ci 1
ably and fully upon pieonena reteea tae tee
tecture, &c., but has many other distinct axd carefully con-
ducted Departments—under such headings as Domestio
Economy, Educational, The Traveler, Ladies’ Portfollo,
Choice Miscellany, Sabbath Musings, Useful Ollo, (Scientific,
&c,,) The Story Teller, Young Ruralist, Youth's Corn: :
with a complete Summary of News, Market Reports, ire
The present (10th) volume Is pronounced, by Its Patrons
and the Vress, the most perfect model of a Rurat axp
Pasty Joognat ever published, and we invite a compari-
son with any others extant.
THE ELEVENTH VOLUME, FOR 1860,
‘Will routy equan the present in all respects—{n Quality of
Matter, Paper, Printing, Illustrations, &c., &c, As the long
evenings and leisure of Winter are coming on apace, all
friends of the Runa and its objects are invited to subscribe
and form Clubs for the leading advocate and promoter of
Real “Progress and Improyement’'—a Journal which ever
ignores trash and humbug, and faithfully seeks to advance
the Best Interests of Individuals, Families, Communities
and the Couatry,
Style, Terms, &c.—The Runat Is published Weekly,
each number comprising Eiout Dovpie Quarto PAGES
(forty columns) — printed and illustrated In superior stylo —
with Title Page, Index, &c., at close of volume, Only a
year —$] for six months—with great reduction and liberal
inducements to clubs and agents. Local Club-Agents want
ed in every section where the Rurat is not circulated.
§27 Specimens, Show-Bills, &c., sent free to all applicanta,
‘We shall be glad to furnish “the documents" to any and all
persons desirous of examining or circulating the " Mircel-
lor" Rural and Family Weekly of America,
Address D, D, T, MOORE, Rochester, N. Y.
Par Newspapers glylog the above brief Prospectus, and di-
recog stan Hon io Barns, pl rool. the pth yolume,
je Rui fand also the last half of 10th vol
desired,) without sending to us in exchange. irs
INTER WORK !—From diree to Ave dollars per
diy can be made, Work easy and pleasant, Seod
stamp for particulars, . 0. OLARK,
609-4 Drawer 212, Rochester, N. ¥,
600.000 AGRES, OF HANNIBAL AND ST.
A JOSEPH RAILROAD LANDS, For Sale om
Long Credit and at Low Rates of Interest,
Toese Lands, gracted by Congress to ald In constructing
the Road, lie, to a great extent, withio Six Miles and
withio Pifteen Miles of the Road, which is now completed
through a country unsarpassed in the salubrity of its O-
ate ond fertility of jis Soll. Its latitude adapta it to a
greater variety of products than land either north or south
of i, readerlog the profits of farming more cert
steady than in any other district of our country.
Tis position ts such as to command at Low Kates of Freight
both Northern and Southern Markets.
To the Farmer desiring to better his condition, to parties
wishing to invest money in the West, or any in search of &
prosperous Home, these Lands are commended
For full particulars apply to, JOSIAH DUNT,
Land Oommisstoner Hannibal and st, Joseph Railroad,
505-13¢ Hannibal, Ma,
EW GROCERY ESTABLISHMENT,
No. 20 Front Street, Rochester, N.
JONN J. JARVIS has opened a Grocery Sto
ean be bad a choice lot of Grocerics—Tens, Coffees,
Sugars Molasses, Soices, Raisins, Prones, Zante Currants,
Nutmegs, Indigo, Tobacco, Cigurs, &c.
JOUN J. JARVIS.
Rochester, Sept, 13, 1859. GONE
AGRNTS WANTED.-To cell 4 new inven-
ee area have made over $25,000 on one,—
Bevtar, ew all other almtlar egencies, Send four stamps
eh 1 lcolars, erails.
ber est TIES PPURATM BROWN, Lowell, Masa,
RAPES BY MAIL.—Sample Grapes sent post-paid
Griatioe=to Inclose 15 cepts In stamps, The 19 cents
returned tu those ho buy vines.
LOOAN ripena eurly lu August; Kiva 20th of August ;
Decawane last of Ansust; DIANA, TO Kavon, &c., &o.
Our Mustrated and Descriptive Catalosue of 75" sorta
‘dy Native Vines, seat to apulicants Inclosing a stamp
eee ae OD VISSBLL & SALTER. Nureerymen,
510-2
Rochester, N, Y.
“ QHAWMOUT. MILLS” ROCHESTER —We con-
STtuete do CUSTON GRINDING. at the lowest rates,
and haying improved the machivery of our mill for that
purpose, we pledge ourselves to give full satisfaction to all
era.
cuve nave for s-le at all times, wholesale and retall, the
Vest and most reliatle brands of Flour, Also, Corn Meal,
Rye Flour bu Feed and Screenings at the lowest pric =
ve solicit the attention of the farming community,
antstat ere JAS. M. WHITNEY & Co,
Brown's Race, Rochester, Sept. 25, 1859.
YDION OF CVPTLE, HORSES AND SHEEP
A vennestay, Mth October, at the residence of the
Subscriber—Sule to commence at 10 o'clock A. M.
G0 Hend of Ca‘tle—Durham and high «rade Durham.
Among them the thorough bred imported bull Usurper, 81x
Juary bids several young bulls and bull calves,—steers,—
cows,—helfers and calves. :
16 Horses— Among them valuable blooded breeding
mates or Florizel atock, I foal by Philip Allen, Work
e3 ond colts.
pomp0 Sheen and Lambs — Fine and coarse wool.
—Sums under #9), cash; over $2) and under 850,
over $50 and under #100, nine montbs; over
months, Approved endorsed notes for all sums
not paidin cash. CHARLES HW, CAKROLL,
Bist Groveland, Liv. Go,, N. Y., Oct. 10, 1859,
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GTRAWBERRY SEED FOR SALE.—We havea
$9 ‘few packages of StRAW Benny SuED, each Duckuse con-
taining more than 15,000 seeds from Hovey's SeepLing, Wil-
Sox'S ALsaxy, MCAVOY, RARLY Soagter, and other leading
sorls, which We have Liken Lo dispose of for a worthy ar
dener. This is an. excellent opportanity for the amateur
who wishes to try his bund at ratang new varieties of Straw-
berries, Price #1 per package, Addreas " Ronav" office.
A Vee sss ePrPirPee-
THE CHEAPEST & MOST DURABLE IN USE.
We have been unable during the pust three months ta
Perea ana ge mumuretare on 4 are gaan
arrangement for the manufact
scale and hope hereafter to be able to fll all orders
Pron Pip x ons elght feet
P} Timber, in sections
rel i aot Pine Tosca aha fe
and’ If properly laid, is the most durable of any kind of
Pipe te ee oduce any amount af evidence te durability,
nd superiority ovel 7
capnctiee of ue ize, common used for farm purposes,
is at Tonawanda, Erle Co., but orders
is 4 cents per foot at the Fac
tous at #4 Arcade: Rochester, N.Y.
Our Manufactoy :
mop pa dizeste LS, HOBBIE & CO.
UANO.—We onld call the attention of Guano Deal-
ers, Planters and Farmers to the article which we have
on band and forsale at DHIREY PER CENT. LESS THAN
PERUVIAN GUAND, and whlch we claim tobe superior
auy Guano or fertilizer ever imported or manufactured im
this country. This Guano Is tmported by WM. EL WEBR,
of New York, from Jarvis & Bakera’ Island, in the “South
Pacific Ocean,” and is sold genuine and pure as imported.
It hasbeen satisfactorily tested by many uf our prominent
Farmers, and analyzed by the most eminent and pepular
Agrloultiral Chemists and found to contain (ag will be seen.
by our circulars) a large per centage of done Phosphate of
Lime and. Phosphoric Act, and other animal organic
meiter, yleldiog ammonia sufi tent to produce immediate,
abundant crops, besides substantially enriching the soil, I¢
can be freely used without danger of buroing the seed or
plant by coming In contact with it, as is the case with some
other fertilizers; retaining a great degree of moisture, It
causes the plant to grow in a healthy condition, ond ag
experience haa proved, free of insects. For ordera In any
quantity, (which will be promptly attended to.) or pani
pblets containing full particulars of analyses and tests of
farmers, apply to JOHN B. SARDY, Agent
606 13% No, 58 South st., corner of Wall st, N. Y.
Nor. A HUMBUG.—Wanted, one or more Young Mem
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For particulars, address with
. He iad
per month, and expenses.
. ALLEN & CO., Plaistow. N.
stamp, M.
44 0 HE LOGAN GRAPE&.—The sarlleayrinenine, bla
hardy Grape with which we are acquainted. Its fruil
was seul to us this year earlier (han any Other grape growa
outof doors. Berry oval; bunch compact,
Our Illustrated and Descriptive Catalogue of over 70 sorts
of Grapes, sent to applicants who Inclose a atamp,
BOt-c O. P. BISSELL & SALTER, Rochester, N. ¥.
PRUE DELAWARE GRAPE VINES, PROPA-
gated from the original stock, price $2 to $3, Alaa, Lo-
gan, Rebecca, Diana, Ooncord, Hartford Prolific, and other
new varieties, $1 to $2—all stron und well rooted, r
for delivery in the Pall, W. OAMPBELI
August, 1859, Delaware, Ohlo,
S UNION FEMALE SEMINARY
eee eet N Ao Sricane Soa neces
The next School Yeur of this Institution, commences on
Be Grst chee ie Banton next Por Terms, so
Jatalogue at tt ce, or apply
s HL. AOHILLES, Proprietor.
Albion, N, Y., Aug. 8, 1859. BOL-te
M4 jae) HOUSEKEEPERS. —SOMETHING NEW,
B. T. BABBITT’S
| BEST MEDICINAL SALERATUS,
68 Is manufactured from common salt, and Is pre- 68
pased entirely dilfereat from other Saleratus. |
all the deleterious matter extracted in such a)
xp |muoner as to produce Bread. Blscult, and all) AX
lkinds of Cake, without contulaing » particle of|
TO Suteratus when the Bread or Cake ls baked: 70
thereby producing wholesome resulta. Every)
particle of Saleratus 1s turned to eas and passes),
GB throws the Bread or Biscult while Baking: con 68
sequenuly nothing remains bul commoa Salt
Water and Floar. You will readily percelve by
the taate of this Saleratus that it is entirely diifer-
en Ro Sat Race. d papers, each wrapper
tis oaokes one pound pap:
ded, "B, T. Babhitt's Best Medicinal Salera-
AND
70
tus;"” also, picture, twisted loaf of bread, with a)
Gikitss orreitérvesciog water on the top. When GS
SR aaahes frloular to get the next exact |
Uke the Orst—brand as above.
Pull directions for Bread with tbls Bal.
AND
"JZ (jernius and Sour Milk or Cream Tare, vil)
company each package; l20,
‘ds of Pastry; also, for making Soda,
68 Wier and Seldute Powders. 68
MAKE YOUR OWN SOAP,
wire
AND
bbitt’s Pure Concen=
70) B. T. Bitated Potash.
ble the strength of ordinary Pot-| _
war rata chose] D2 bs, 8 Me, 6 Ds, And 68
G8 itis Lwiet full directions for making Hard and
\Soft Soup. Consumers will find this the cheapest|
Pounsh in ured ind for sale by
oe ‘a 70 W: Hngtomee "York,
Nos, 68 an: ashington st,, Ne
as and No, #4 India st., Boston,
M*==
YOUR OWN SOAP.
SAPONIFIBR:
OR,
PURE CONCENTRATED POTASH.
Warranted double the strength of ord yas.
pou il make jrelve allons BOOM eaGEE Benen elton
me and with tte trouble, Manufsctored and. put up 1a
1,2, 4and 6 ®. cans, In lumps, with directions, at the Onal-
Laxae CumMioAL Wonks, New York.
11 Pearl sircek NY, Proprietors
Bold everywhere, Oh Ne Yor BPOPT posh
He™M=ss FOR art
FOR sALuH®
Acre, desirable FARMING LANDS itn
a and Middle Tennessee,
nia, Bastern Reuvvitivan and Elk Oountles,
st Am AxD Howesreip
AsERIOAN Bao rein
At L125
Wester
‘ali
Renniyvania
Cowman No, Me Broadway, New
ty
STs wee Rierees: FS Nt
gleaming gold, the weat—
More gorgeous gild win.
were nenever ls race is run,
Fe = The Lye As Jeaves
ats pers © beath with ominous eound,
Whilo i» empty and deserted nests are found
@ oad jenth the eaves,
©) The frequent blast
Groans o'er the 140d, and moans In Tashing soe,
Bends the dead limbs, ond leaves the rifled trees 7
y ~)) Bkeletons of the past
i The winds that moan,
| The lenves hat wither, snd the Nmbs that fall, ©
The Might of birds, but dying years recall o
‘With many o groan,
‘These, life doth typify 5
Misfortune is tue blasl, aad treasnred joys the leaves,
And friends, the birds that fy the wlotry eaves
When comes adversity. —
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
THE ORPHAN GOVERNESS.
BY ANNA BURR.
| [Concluded from page 340, Inst number.)
Tine passed swiftly away at Willow-dell, in the
enjoyment of the picnics and drives which Mrs,
Arnerton knew bow to muke pleasant, She
always managed it that Herperr should be Grr-
| taupe’s attendant, for it evidently gratified the
girl, and Hrrpent could not refuse, Two weeks
i passed in this way, and he had not found time to
be alone with Grace and his cousin but a few
, minutes of each day, The latter was growing
better, Dr. Tuornton said, and Mrs. Arasnton
{ now threw off all anxiety; but Grace remained
faithful to her charge, aud mingled only occasion-
ally with the guests, for Myra could not bear any
excitement, Mrs. Lestie often came and sat with
I them several hours, ond the interest which in-
duced her to seek the acquaintance of Grace,
leepened into @ growing friendsbip. Grntnuve
Bexaonr did not succeed very well in making ber
conquest, and she saw that Henpenr’s attentions
| were often forced. He was absent from the parlor
F one day, and bis aunt came in, saying, “ Hennent
| gone again? He thinks that he mustsee Myra
once a day, and I presume that we should find bim
with her, if a search were instituted. How he
does love that child!”
These words sank like ice into Gerrrupe’s
heart, for she readily divined that another attrac-
tion existed. The proud girl really felt an interest
in Hensenr Lesiie which no other gentleman had
ever inspired in her breast, and she paced the
room that night with a half-formed design float-
ing through her brain, which she resolved should
accomplish her purpose. A settled determination
} was at length apparent upon her agitated counte-
r nance, Yes, Genrnupe had resolved “to stain
her soul with a Jie.” A few days after thie, the
young people were walking, and Henxseat with
Gentes, as usual, for Mr. Sanprorp was very
devoted to his betrothed, and they had lingered a
short distance behind. “Mr. Lesure, don't you
think that every heart cherishes some secre
sorrow?” inquired the soft, insinuating voice.
“Perhaps so; but why do you ask?”
“0, I was thinking of Miss Nixes.”
“Were you?” and Genrnupe felt another pang
of jealousy, when she observed his sudden start.
But she was always calm and self-possessed, ay
her yoice betrayed nothing unusual when she said,
“Yes, I could not help remarking to Mrs. Aruen-
Ton one day, that Grace looked as if a secret grief
Was preying upon her mind, and then she told me
that this young lady bad been engaged more than
two years; the gentleman is in very limited cir-
cumstances, and is trying to push his own way
through college, for he intends to be a minister;
but he has many discouragements, and probably
8 long time will elapse before they can be united.”
Hexnenr listened to this recital with intense
interest, and when it was finished, there was &
i settled paleness in his face which almost startled
i the narrator. For a moment she repented of her
H words, The remainder of their walk was an
Ul almost silent one, for the guilty girl tried to be
i gay at first, but failed in interesting Henpenr,
1 who was striving to hush the troubled waters of
his soul, and Genrrnope returned to the house
with that restless, dissutisfied feeling which inya-
riably attends a wicked act. Henrnent’s love for
Grace was now very apparent to bimeelf, and be
saw how barren his life would be without her.
Many times her words in the arbor, when they
were talking of Myra, recurred to bim:
i is the dearest friend that I have on earth.”
| | could not reconcile them with what he had just
|| better?” He asked
| | heard, but the source of this information was too
ble for contradiction. He did not remain
ith Grace and bis consin as long as usual that
ay, and the former could not interpret the mean-
ing of his changed demeanor toward her, He was
Still kind, but there seemed to be a restraint, and
Ce sho thought that he looked at her almost
repronchfully, The anxiety which she manifested
upon Myna'y ‘ccount, he now ascribed to her own
Secret Sorrow, and this misunderstanding con-
spired to widen their Separation,
Another week passed, and Gunravpe began to
have some hope, for she had a Woman's intuition,
and observed his inclinations and consulted his
tastes with consummate skill, Hennunr began to
Her as an innocent, artiess girl, but atill
only one image was fromed in his heart, An
extract from Gack’s journal will acquaint the
is viene occurrences Which would not be
noted otherwise: ;
nae = ode “ Raabe sth.
‘Tho el and th
skies aro ing eweate golden hi ‘which
_Autumn always brings. I feel languid aud spirit-
= cs
SY SS
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
A A
7; —
Jess most of the time, Mr. Lesvre woticed it the
other day, and [ was silly enough to Jet the tears
come in my eyes when be said,‘ You are looking
pale, Miss Nives; yon ought to ride or walk more
‘Myrna often urges it, but T bi no desire 10° g0:
since sbe has - become unable to enjoy it with-me,
was my reply; but it was a comfort to know that
he thonghe of me sometimes. He is with Mirs
Beuvonr a great deal now, avd T beard Cann
telling Mr, Saxproup that probably they would
be engaged. What a wild girl | hove been, to
think that be cherished anything more than
feiendabip for me, » poor governess! But bis
manner. toward me bas certainly undergone a
change, and I con see that he avoids my society,
Well, [must go buck to stern realities again, and
when Myra dies avother bome must be songht.
L can think of my darling’s daily decline with
more composure now,—she is £0 peaceful, and bas
such © fervent trost in ber Savion. Wer spirit
hos been *pluming its flight’ for a long time, and
T cannot pray that she may linger in this cbrysalis
state of existence, < Aste
“Cxantre bas been talking sbont his sister
to-day, and I tried very gently to warn bim of his
appronebing trial. He hos grown softened and
rebned of late, *O, I wish that Myma was able to
go down to the pond this afternoon; it is so still
and quiet there, and you know it was always ber
favorite resort. Do you think that she is growing
this question very earnestly,
while he leaned over my chair, ‘No, Onantte, I
must tell you truthfully ; she coughs a great deal
nights, and this leaves her much exhausted, so we
bring ber meals up to her now. My dear boy, it
would be very bard for you to spare your sister.’
He took this more calmly than I bad anticipated,
but his lip trembled, and large tears dropped
upon my work when he said, ‘I think of it almost
all of the time, and Myra gives me much good
advice when we are alone. Ob, I never sball
forget it! Henry sobs shook the boy’s frame,
and I drew him close to me. We mingled our
tears together, but after awhile he looked up, say-
ing, ‘Grace, why don't mama think more about
Myna’s illness? ‘She is much engaged with her
company, and there is no present danger. They
will Jeave Willow-dell before long, and then she
will have time to prepare ber mind for sorrow.’
‘T wish that they would go away, especially that
Miss Betwont, for Henperr cannot think of apy-
body else while she is bere.” *You shouldn't
speak so, Cuantie. Perbaps she will be your
cousin, some day,’ ‘Well, I'll never claim her as
such,’ replied the obstinate boy,
“He lett the room, and returned with Hersert
in balf an hour, He gave me one of his rare,
almost tender smiles, saying, ‘Cuaniie bas gained
Aunt AtHenton’s consent to bave Myra taken
down to the elm grove, in the sedan, and I have
come to obtain yours.’ ‘You have it, cheerfully,
sir.’ The invalid seemed quite animated with the
preposition, and Herverr carried ber down very
tenderly to the sedan chair. The company all
went, and I had an opportunity of seeing Miss
Betnoxr and Mr. Lestie together, They are a
noble couple, and if she is the gentleman's choice,
I pray that they may be bappily united.”
Mrs. A. soon after this gave a splendid party,
and invited all her fashionable acquaintances for
twenty miles around. Myra had urged it, for her
mother expressed a wish to make such an enter-
tainment before her guests departed. Genrnupe
neyer appeared so beautiful to Henserr as ehe did
that night, and in after years he looked back upon
that time with clear recollections, for a few
remarks which she made when they were standing
by the centre-table, looking over some engravings,
cansed the young man to view her in a new light.
It was during the early part of the evening, and
Geatavpe bad just entered the room with that
gtaceful, gliding movement so peculiarly adapted
to her style of beauty. She was quite tall, and
ber rayen hair was arranged in heavy braids,
interwoven with pearls. The fuce usually wore a
bright, sparkling expression when animated, but
the mouth was the most characteristic feature of
all, for her lips were delicately cut, slight, and
“changeable as an aspen.” A listever to her
conversation could almost guess the words which
they shaped before her clear voice uttered them.
She wore a rich purple moire-antique dress, which
suited her queenly style and dazzling complexion.
“Those engravings and sketches that you
wished to sce, have arrived, Miss Betwonr,—I sent
to New York for them yesterday,” said Henzenr,
and the lady felt an inward exultation when she
met his glance of admiration.
“Todeed! Thank you, Mr. Lesuiz, for regard-
ing my wisbes,—but I am impatient to see them,”
and Hennear led her to the table,
“ Are not some of these your own productions?”
Genrrnupe asked.
“Yes, a very few—I never professed to be much
of an artist. Here is a sketch which I took from
Ttulian scenery,”
“How beautiful!
travel there,”
“Perhaps you would not experience so much
pleasure as you anticipate. Its skies bend over
wrecks of former greatness ; squalid poverty
meets you at every step, aud the deadly blight of
ignorance and religious superstition seems to
spread over the whole land.”
“0, if a pure Christianity could be once firmly
rooted, the desert places would soon blossom with
roses,” said Genrhupe, with seeming earnestness,
for she kiew that this was her auditor's favorite
theme. Their conversation widened and deepened,
and Hersenr could not help remarking the sin-
cerity and beauty of her sentiments,
Mrs. Atuerton would make Gnace come down
and mingle with the guests, but Hennerr was
near ber only once during the evening, and then
he was suddenly drawn away by Carniz, who
declared that Miss BeuMonr and he must make
up the set, for they wanted to dance. Her cousin
persisted in denying that he ever indulged ia this
amusemont, but Carnie led him off to find Ger-
TRUDE.
“My obstinate cousin is bent upon having me
dance with you, Miss Bexson7, but I cannot con-
vince her that I never indulge in the amusement,”
“Well, Miss Carnie, you have brought him to
the wrong one, for I never dance, either,” Grn-
trope thought that it would be policy to say this,
and it was, for he thus derived incroased admira-
tion for her character.
* * * * . . * *
Mrs. Raywonp and her daughter, with Mr, Sanp-
youn, returned to the city the next day after the
party, but the remainder of Mrs, Arnenrox's
guests still lingered, One morning Genrgupe
said, “Mr, Lesiim, I have received a letter which
summons me home immediately, and I must start
to-morrow,” and she thought that there was some
disappointment in his tone, when he replied,—
“Indeed, so soon?” Then there fell a silence be-
tween them, Genrnope bad grown to love Her-
bent with all the intensity of her nature, and he
T have. always longed to
saw itin her eyes whea she
have been very bappy bere.”
The sad, sweet fuce of Grace Nites arose before
him, but be bapished it and thought—*‘she loves
another! Would it be wrong to muke this beauti-
fal girl happy?” Hensrer did not pause to con-
sider, but all the gencrous wermth of bis nature,
spoke in the words —* Would you be any bappier
as my bride, Gentnune?” The fountain of joy in
her breast dashed its crimson spray to hercheeks,
and she placed her hand in his.
ee |
Chapter V.
“And so it is all settled,” said the lively Mrs.
Arnenton to her sister that afternoon. The only
child of my old friend, Anevixe Camp, will soon
become my neice, and your daughter. Hennsnr
is going to accompany her to New York to-mor-
row, I suppose, but when will they be married ?””
* About Christmas, he says,” replied Mrs, Les-
ie, and her voice had a sad tone.
“One would think that you ere not pleased with
your son's choice. Do you not think that he has
secured a prize?”
“Certainly. Bat yon never can know, until
you experience them, the feelings of a mother
when ber only son takes a bride to his heart and
bome., I know that Arnoenr will ever love and
respect me, but when a man is married, his wife
always takes the most sacred place in his affec-
tions. Iam not jealous of his regard, but we have
lived for each other a long time,” and Mrs, Les-
118’s voice trembled.
“ Well, I shall not have this trial for sometime
yet; butit makes me sad to think that Crane
must go away next winter. An uncle of his who
resides in New Jersey, has sent to have him come
and attend his school, for he bas the superintend-
ance of a large Seminary for boys.”
Before Hernert left he summoned all his reso-
lution to meet Grace, for the young man had ex-
perienced undefinable sensations since bis engage-
ment, She wos suffering from a severe attack of
nervous head-ache, so he found her in an easy
chair, propped up with pillows,
“You confine yourself too closely, Miss Nries.
I am afraid that your health will be seriously
injured"”’—he took her hand with a brother’s
kindness,
“Oh, n0,—I shall be better soon,” and while
Herpert looked down upon the pale face, he
longed to draw ber to his heart saying, ‘Rest
here always, my beloved,” but then he thought
“She loves another, and this anxiety of mind is
wearing away her health. Ab, my beautiful Gea-
trope! I will be your faithful husbund, but I
never can say to you—‘we were born foreach
othor,’””
Gnace looked up, and as the old tender gaze
met her eyes she quickly averted them.
“My presence is painful to her,—perhaps she
reads my heart,’’— and bidding her a hasty adieu
he left the room.
Myra and ber consin had a long quiet inter-
view, which he seemed to enjoy intensely. Only
once she reverted to Gnace. ‘‘ You will always
be her friend, won't you?”
“Yes, I will care for her as I would for an own
sister,” be replied, solemnly, and hearing this
Myrna was satisfied.
Hensert accompanied his betrothed to New
York, and there ascertained that business matters
required his immediate presence in Philadelphia,
so he continued on with her to that city. Two
days after his departure from Willow-dell, Myrna
seemed to fail very rapidly, and Mrs, Arnenron
was thrown into a state of alarm, bordering upon
despuir, for there was now a reaction from the
gayety of the past six or eight weeks, and her
eyes were opened to the true state of her daughter.
Mrs. Lesire's calm self-possession was now sum-
moned to soothe the mother’s agony of mind. Dr.
Tuornton called in the morning, and Grace no-
ticed that he looked very grave when he departed.
He came again in the afternoon, but Myna had re-
vived a little. Canute avd his Governess were
alone with her towards night, and the dying girl
held o hand of each, There was a beauty not of
earth in her countenance, and her pale, emaciated
features were lit up with a boly smile —I am go-
ing down to the ‘Dark Valley’ very soon, but I
can see the rushing waters of the River of Life
beyond, and angels are beckoning me home. You
must all follow me,
“ Where etreams of pleasure flow o'er the bright plains,
And the noontide of glory eternally reigns.”
Tears flowed in quiet from the mourner’s eyes,
for it would have broken the peacefulness of that
dying hour to have indulged in wild parexysms
of grief,
“ Gnacte, won't you get the scissors and cut off
a curl for cousin Hernent?—I never shall see
him again while I am alive—tell him to meet me
in Heaven.” Her request was obeyed and the
precious memento placed in @ drawer, No tears
dimmed Myra’s eyes, and when Mrs. Arnenton
and her sister entered the room, their unusual
brightoess, startled the mother.
“Do you feel worse my dear?”
“Oh, no, mama! I want to talk with you.—
Will you promise to come where I shall be with
pspa?”
“Yes—yes—my angel child!” and the agonized
mother wrapped her arms around her daughter,
while the first earnest prayer went up from her
pale lips. Itbrought a new peace to her soul, and
the mourning group were weeping silently, when
Myna’s spirit pussed from earth, Mrs, Lesure saw
her eyes close, and a new pallor spread over her
face, She bent over the form of clay and listened,
but “the silver chord was loosed, the golden
bowl broken.” “She is dead!” and afterwards
Gnace had a dreamy recollection of hearing these
Words, but then a strange darkness came over her,
and Cuantie caught her as she fell insensible to
the floor,
Mrs. Lesure immediately wrote to her son of his
cousin's death, bat the letter was delayed, and he
did not get to Willow-dell until a week after the
funeral, Grace bad been in alow, nervous state
ever since her pupil's death, for the long anxiety,
and constant Watching over the invalid, had af
fected her health, Her mind was also very much
thing about leaving to ber, butGnace Knew that
her services were no longer required. An inde-
scribable sense of desolation filled ber heart, and
she contd only say “I will lift op mine eyes to the
hills, from whence cometh my betp.”
Cuaritn's grief at his sts cag ‘Was really
touching to bebold. Ie spent most of bis time
With Grace, or by Myna’s grave, for she was
in the shade of a large weeping-willow be-
low the garden. Hensenr found bim there when
he arrived, and they sat down, and wept together.
“Ob, cousin Henserr, I cannot bear to think of
going away next wiater— mother says that [must
go to New Jersey.”
“ Where is Gnace going?” and the young man
eagerly listened to the reply.
“0, I don't koow! You knew that she had been
very ill didu’t you?”
Nol"
“The night that Myra died, Gnace fainted and
was confined to her bed severat days, Dr. Taony-
TON says that it was caused by over-exertion, and
apxiety. Since sister has died she often says —‘I
ave no one left to love mie but you, Caantie,—
and I shall a3 long as I live,”
The boy spoke very earnestly. Henpenr arose
and walked slowly towards the house, with anew
purpose in his mind. “T promised Myra to bea
brother to Grace; mother and aunt may think me
yery absurd, but [ will tell them my plan.” He
sought them withont delay — Aunt Arnenron,
when will Grace Nixes leave here ?”
“She never sbalil I want her asa friend and
companion.” The Jady’s eyes filled with tears for
she was a changed woman since her daughter's
death, and Grace was yery dear to her.
“But you wish to see her happy, and if I should
aid this gentleman to whom she is engaged, would
you think it absurd?” Hernent’s fuce glowed
with his generous purpose, but his aunt seemed
astonished at his words.
Advertisements,
[ES=anD- = = =
NEWBURGH, Nowy,
ost respectfully foform het
promplly attended to,
wa directed, packed Jb the best im
eh “A. SAUL & 00,
CCHS ear sunny
EXPERIENCED AGENTS and Active men with n small cash
capital may engage profitably In handling the follo
important ae books, and new editions—ail selling rapidly:
Osden on Edocation Tea
pages, Tyo}. 13 ma ngne Bc onan =
Klippact on the Whent
Doe vaetlce We tioceatene Rpapilors, Discuss
Prof. Day's Art of Elocution, 8! pages $1,00,
Nine Years a Sailor, By N Profusely Yinstra.
Ted. WO paren 810, #0 eo Protusely
Palte’s My Vt
altela. sHommopal ae Domestic Physician, 20th
Pulte’ Woman's Medical Guide, 12mo. 41,25,
Besch’s American Family Practice. 2%)
200 Hlustrations, 860 Busta Go, Scene. map
READY OOT, 15,
Bayord Taylor's Cyclopedia of Mi
Revised and Eolarged Edition. 2 Pighere, carey
1030 pages, ‘Numerous Vinstrations. Price #5.
Either work sent by mail for price recelyed. for further
rate aT SORE, WILSTACH, KEYS. 00 |
509.2teow Publishers, Oincinnatl, 0.
BEAT CURITOSITY.
We have one of the Greatest Curiosities and
MOST VALUAGLE INVENTIONS
in the known world, for which we want Agents everywhere,
Full particulars sent Pres.
jAveow SHAW & CLARK, Biddeford, Maino,
wWwoRoypstTtER’s
PIANOFORTE MANUFACTORY & WAREROOMS,
Coroer Fourteenth Street & Third Avenue,
H. WORCESTER offers for sale a large assortment of
cholce
PIANO FORTSS,
“To what gentleman do you refer?”
“Surely you ought to know,” and he rapidly
recounted Gerrrupe’s story.
“Te is false! I never told ber that”— and the
two ladies exchanged horrified glances,
“May Gop forgive her, then! But it is not too
late to make reparation for this foul wrong. Can
I see Grace?” There was a new light on Her-
BERt’s pale face.
“Yes, she is io her room,’ and Mrs, Arnenton
guessed the truth, “Sister he never loved Gen-
Trupg as he does Grace Nixes, aod she knew it.”
The young man beard these words as he left the
room. When be met Grace, she saw that there
was a straoge agitation in his manner, but she
ascribed it to Myrna’s death, and they talked of her
for sometime, Atlength she presented the curl,
“vith his cousin's message. Still, be lingered, and
Grace thought —* perhaps he wishes me to con-
gratulate him upon bis betrothal.”” With astrong
effort, she casually mentioned Miss Brxwont's
name.
‘Please do not speak of her,” and he waved his
hand peremptorily, while an expression of loath-
ing crossed his face. “She has wronged you
deeply, and [ have come to make it known.” He
then related the story, and the long course of de-
ception in her conduct, which was now plainly
manifest. Grace heard it all, and her head was
bowed in mute astonishment and horror, A ten-
der voice said,—“' She knew that I loved you, and
now I tell you what should have been told before!”
An hour later Hersenr led Grace Nives to his
mother, “She has promised to be mine — will you
receive heras adaugbter?” and Mrs. Les.ie press-
ed the weeping girl to her heart.
The next day Henesnr placed a sheet of paper
in the hands of his betrothed, saying ‘read it,
dearest.” There were only a few words:
“Miss Betmonr:—Your perfidy is discovered,
and may Gop forgive youasIdo, H. Lesuie.”
“Tait enougd ?”
“Yes,” and Grace wrote in ber journal that
duy—¢*Night brings out stars ag sorrows show
us Truths.’ The light has broken throngh the
clouds, and it has come to me bearing lope and
Joy upon its flame-tipped pinions,
“God bath bis mysteries of grace,
Ways that we canuot tell,
Ile hides them deep,’
Like the coral beneath ocean waves, but Time
reveals all His Providences, and now I bless Gop
that this has happened, for it is anew page from
the human beart. I have learned how weak our
natures are, but I pray to be delivered from the
commission of a sin like Gentrups Betmonr’s. It
seems like a dream that I am to be Hernent’s
bride so soon, Mrs, Ararmron wants to make the
wedding, and when I sball be Ais wife, we are to
take a trip to Saratoga aud Nisgara. We shall
not be gone long, though, for this beautiful Octo-
ber weather will soon pass, and Hernerr must re-
turn to New York, where business-matters require
depressed, for she felt that now the wide world
was before her, in which she must seek another
home, Mrs. Armzrtoy, had not mentioned any-
his presence.”
+
LOVING AND FORGIVING.
Man bos an unfortunate readiness, in the evil
hour after receiving an affront, to draw together
all the moon-spots on the other person into an
outline of shadow, and a night-piece, and to trans-
form a single deed into a whole life; and this only
in order that he may thoroughly relish the pleasure
of being angry, In love, he has fortunately the
opposite faculty of crowding together all the light
parts and rays of its object into one focus, by
means of the burning glass of imagination, and
letting its sun burn without its spots; but he too
generally does this only when the beloved, and
often censured being is beyond the skies. In
order, however, that we should do this sooner and
oftener, we ought to act like Winckleman, but
only in another way. As he, namely, set aside a
particular half-hour of each day for the purpose of
beholding and meditating on his too happy ex-
istence in Rome, £0 we ought daily or weekly to
dedicate and sauctify a solitary hour for the pur-
pose of summing np the virtues of our families,
our wives, our children, and our friends—and
viewing them in this beautiful, crowded assemblage
of their good qualities. And, indeed, we should do
so for this reason, that we may not forgive and
love too Jate, when the beloved beings are already
departed hence, and are beyond our reach.—
Richter.
from. 6 to 74 octaves, in elegant rosewood cases, all of
which are manufactured under his own supervision, and
are for sale on reasonable terms
By dévoling ersonal Attention to the touch ani
of bia instcuments, which bave hitherte been cousi
uorivaled, be endeavor to maintain thelr previous
reputation, and respectfully foliclta an exainiawtion from
the profession. amateurs, nud the public. (07-7te0w
A FAHNESTOCE & SONS
= OFFER GREAT INDUCEMENTS AT TH
TOLEDO NURSERIES.
Nonskayares and others wishing to purchase small stock
for the West and South, would do well to call and examine
the following desirable articles, offered at the lowest rates:
100,000 Apple Trees, 5 to 7 feet, very flue,
200,000 Apple Trees, 3 to 4 feel very fine, $50 per 1,000; by
qanoll Ny. 15 per 1,000,
800,070 *e Ma ara year from graft, $25 per 1,000; by quan-
uty, per I,
500,00) Avple Trees, grafted this com!ng winter and sent out
i che spring, at €6 per 1,000; when &,0W) aro taken, at
5 per 1,010.
20,000 Rrandard Pears, 1 year old, very strong, from bud,
$20 per 100: 8180 per 1,000.
25,000 Dwaif Pears, 1 year old, yery strong, from bad, $18
er 100; $100 per 1,000.
10 Soper Pears, 2 years from bud, $23 per 1005 9200 per
2,000 Sandard Plums, on plum stocks 1 year, #20 per/10):
180 per 1,000,
16.000 Cherries Standard, 610 7 feeh very fine, O16 per 100;
er 1,000,
150% Shertles Siandard, 1 year old, very fine, #19 per 100;
per 1,000,
15,09) Hon ghtan Googeberries, from cutilogs, very strong,
Sper 1,000.
40,000 Currants, (In 12 varletles,) very low; Red and White
Dutch, M0 per 1,000.
15,00) Lawton Blackberries, 03 per 100; #80 per 1,000,
10,000 Linnaeus snd Victoria Rhubarb, $10 per 100; $80 per
1
90.000 Angers Quince Stocks, $15 per 1,000,
20,000 Tsabella, Catawba and Clinton Grape Vines, 1 year,
920 per 1,0
1500 {dubellt Gatawen ahd! Clinton Grape Vines, 9yearm
i ‘A
#00 1,000,
90,00) Munetti Rose Stocks. €2,25 per 100; #80 per 1,000
per 1
60,000 Norway #pruce, | foot,
20,000 Norway Spi
1,000 Silver Maples,
500 Tucea, or Adacn's Needle, $15 per 100,
With a lage lot of Kaspherries, Peaches, Apricots and
Nectarine. Also, Ornamental Tre uba. Evergreens
and plants, in quantities, Diana, Concord, Rebecca and
Delaware Grane Vines, at the lowest price.
Our New Descriptive Fruit and Oruamental Ontalownae
as well ns our Wholesale Price List, is no* out of press, an
Will be forwarded to order ou receipt of a postage stamp for
each. all communications premptly responded to, and
orders solicited at ug early a day 48 possible.
A. PANNESTOCK & BONS,
Toledo, Oblo, Sept. 5, 1859. 605-Gteow
GUANG !—The superiority of Phosphatlo over Ammo
biacal fertilizers, In restoring fertility to worn-out
lands, is now well understood. The sunscribers call the
alteotion of Farmers to the Swas Iskan> Guano, whlch for
richness In PuosrHaTes and OsG48iG matter, and ite SOLU
BILITY, 18 ONSONPASSED. Fi
For eule at 890 per ton of 2,000 4, and Uberal discount
will be made hy the cargo,
Clcalars, with directions for ase, may be had on appllea-
tion at our office. VOSTER & STEPHENSON,
65. Beaver Street, New York,
44-1ateow Agents for The Alantic and Pacific Guano Co,
fx Areroer CHEMICAL WORGS,
D. B. DeLAND,
Acknowledging the favor and patrounas wi baye been
bestowed upon him by the Trade and o' at aince the com-
mencement of his enterprise, respectfally toforme bis pa
trons and the public generally, with greatly Increased
facilities he continues to manufacture & superior je of
SALERATUS, PORE OREAM TARTAR, BI OAR
BONATE OF SODA, SAL SODA &o.
The above articies will be sold tn all varieties of packages,
at as low prices as they are alferded by any other manulse
turer, and in every case warranted pure and of superior
quality, Orders respectfully gollcited and brompily ied.
ee Consumers of Saleratus, Cream Tartar, apd B}-Car-
bonate of Soda abould be oareful to purchase that having
the name of D, MLAXD On the wrapper, as ther will thus
Obtain a pure article,
Fairport, Monroe Co., N.Y. wolf
Aas AHUUSE, Broadway, New Cork.—all
sae
for the
Vegetables,
The Cows feed in
Meal, and in Sosamer on #1
yores and Mea! only, (401-0. A. STETSON,
Lear: Perpetnal Kiln, Patented daly, 57,
corde of
uperior to any ip use for Wood or Goal.
tans 100 bhla—coal oot mixed with
fone. “ad ga © Op. PAGE. Rochener, NOY.
nan A SAARI ER
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
TUE LARGEST CIRCULATED
Agrioultural, Literary and Family Weekly,
18 POBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY
BY D. D. T. MOORE, ROCHESTER, N. Y.
Olice, Union Buildings, Opposite the Court House, Buffalo St.
TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
Two Dollars a Year—@1 for alx montha To Clubs
and Agents as follows :—Three Coples one year, for #5: Six.
and one free to club agent, for #10; Ten, and one free, for
#15; Sixteen, and one free, for #22; Twenty, and one free,
for #98; Thirty-two, and two free, for #10, (or Thirty for
#97,50,) and any groater number at gatno rate —osly #135
per copy—with an extra copy for every Teo eee
over Thirty. Club papers sent to different Postoflices Lf de
sired. Au we pre-pay American postage oD papers sent to
the Bridsh Provinces, our Capadian agents and friends must
add 12} oents per copy to the club rates oA au Are
The lowest price of copies seat to urope, Ko
60—Including postage.
Tus Posraor ee
of thle State,
pall duarertyia advance at the postoflice where received.
par Ts ordering the Ropar plese send us the best moa
eonventently obtainable, and do 10% forget to eive your fl
‘address—the name of Post-Office, and also State, Ac.
TWO DOLLARS A YEAR)
VOL. X. NO. 44.5
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
AS ORIOMNAL WEEKLY
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER
CONDUCTED BY D, D. T. MOORE,
‘With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors,
fre RoRAL New-Yonken 4s desiened to be unxorpassed
f Value, Purity, Usefulness nnd Variety of Contents and
manique and beagtiful In Appearance, Tks Conductor devotes
his prraonw) attention to the supervision of it various de
parteota aod earnestly Inbora to render the RURAL an
eminently Reliable Guide on all the Important Practical,
Belentifo and other Subjects Intimately connected with the
Dorinees of those whose Interests It realously advocates —
Ti embraces more Agricu)tural, Hortlcultura), Selentific,
EAvoational, Literary and News Matter, Interspersed with
approprinte nnd beautiful Engravings, than any other jour-
mal.—rendering It the most complete Aoniconrunat, Lrr-
KRARY ND PamiLy Newsraren in America,
£37 All communications, and business letters, should be
addressed to D. D. T. MOORE, Rochester, N, ¥.
Fon Terwa and other particulars, see last page,
NEW YORK STATE FAIR.
NornieG connected with the Annual Fairs of
‘this State, ond we presume the same is true of
other States, is more interesting and profitable,
or better enjoyed by the farmers in attendance,
than the evening discussions. At these, after the
labors of the dey, judges and superintendents,
exhibitors and spectators, meet to compare views
and relate experiences bearing on the subjects
presented to the consideration of the meetings.
A few years since, a score or so of persons was
‘all that could be induced to attend these discus-
sions, generally beld in the parlors of some hotel;
now alarge hall will scarcely accommodate those
who are anxious to be present. In this respect
there is a gratifying improvement. We notice,
ao, an improvement in another respect, but not
as rapid and thorongh os we could desire, Those
who tolk in these meetings are not always those
who possess the most information, but those who
foe) confident that they can express their ideas in
® proper and pleasing way. Many a man, with
important facts in bis possession which would
perbaps orerturn some fulse but plausible theory,
or account for contradictory statements which
Seem strange and irreconcilable, hides his light
ender bushel, and deprives thousands of the
Denefit of bis knowledge, because be lacks, or
imagines be lacks, the ability to tell what heknows.
Tho discussions are, therefore, confined to few—
loft too much with the éalkers, and not sufficiently
participated in by the ¢hinkers und workers. The
plain, stubborn facts are what should be brought
out on these occasions; and those that have such
@ faculty for talking that they can make “the
wrong oppear the better reason,” should not be
permitted to take the lead in these farmers’ meet-
ings. We know of but one effectual remedy for
this, and that is for the farmers to organize clubs
in every town, for discussions during tbe winter.
Here, among their friends and neighbors no
embarrassment would be felt, but all would freely
express their views a8 calmly as though sitting
by their own firesides. A little practice of this
Kind would be of great benefit; and those who
persevere in this course, will find that in a little
while they will have no dillioulty in telling what
they know, even before thousands.
These remarks are not designed to reflect on
any of the speakers at the mectings reported;
bot we noticed a backwardness on the part of
farmers, which should be corrected, Many a man
torned to his neighbor during these discussions,
and whispered in his ear traths either confirma-
tory or contradictory of what was said, These
facts, thus kept secret, would have been spread
before the meeting, but for the evil which we are
attempting to correct.
DISCUSSION.—-LAST EVENING,
Tae discussion on Thursday evening was fally
‘a8 interesting as that of the preceding, and every
feat in the Society’s large Lecture Hall was
cecupied. At the suggestion of Hon. T.C. Perens
Dr. Cntspecz, of Ulster county, was called to the
chair. The discussion on Manures, and the Best
Afodes of Applying Them, was resumed, though
ling, as on the previous evening, occupied a
» large share of attention.
Air, Leetaxn, of Saratoga, wished, as much had
been said about spreading manure, and its evapo-
ration, to know the experience of farmers in
“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.”
[SINGLE NO. FOUR CENTS.
ROCHESTER, N. Y..—FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, OCTOBER 29, 1859,
spreading manure in the winter, when the evapo-
Tating season is over, Mr, L, thought in the
falling weather in the fall, winter and spriog
the manure gained more from the atmospher:
‘han it lost. There wos a great differevce in
soils, which must be taken into consideration ic
spplying manures. Where Mr. L. lived plaster
did no good.
Judge Biovoerr, of Lewis, thought the mos!
important question in the treatment of land hao
been overlooked,—that was its preparation for
manure and foracrop. Itsbould be well broken
up, made deep and friable, and then the full benef:
of avy manure applied was received. Toe Judge
fonnd it difficult to reinstate a good pasture after
the lund had been disturbed and robbed of its
virgio fertility. Avoided disturbing pasture as
much as possible, but when it became necessary,
did the work shorough—underd rained, cultivateo
ond enriched the soil, and in this way o good
pasture was again secured. His treatment of
meadows was different—plowed deep, and iocor
porated the manure with the soil, as fur down as
pulverized. Sowed but little grass seed, for i!
‘the soil was natural to grass, it would soon become
as thick as necessary or profitable. After o
meadow was started right—with a rich, well-pre-
pared soil—top dressing might answer, but top-
dressing would not be of much benefit to a poor
badly-prepared meadow. Manure is of much
more benefit on good Jand than poor. Manure.
that, when applied to a meadow givioy two tun»
of bay to the acre, would iucrease it to ¢/iree tune
would hardly be perceived’ if put on a mendow
Living one ton or Jess to the acre, =~
~ i, BP. Avven snid that in England lond bad
remuioed in pasture ever since the conquest. In
Massachusetts Jand bad Jain in pasture for more
than 150 years, The Southern Tier is the fines!
duiry region in this State, and there pastures are
never disturbed, but remain with their cradle
knolls, and any man would he thought a fool who
disturbed them. On the surface there is a thin
coating of decayed Jeaves, and buds, and branches,
just right for the roots of the grass, but turn this
under, and the soil that comes in contact with the
roots is uncongenial.
At this stage of the meeting Mr. Perens intro-
duced Hon, Jostan Quincy, Jr., of Massachusetts
of whom many present wished more particulu
information in regard to bis system of soiling, o!
which be gave some uccount at the last meeting.
Mr. Quixcy said that bad he known what would
have befalien bim, be hardly thoozbt be would
bave ventured into the room lust evening. For,
he had stated about ten o’clock Jast night tha’
the manure of a cow was worth as much as her
wilk, and gave his reasons for thinking so, the
figures on which the estiavate was founded, and
the endorsement of the celebrated chemist, Dana.
That morning, about 10 o'clock, on taking up a
New York paper, be was surprised to reud s pura-
graph saying Mr, Quincy stated at the meeting
of farmers last evening, that cow manure was as
valuable as milk.” This, without any explanation,
he feared his friends at home would take as pretty
good evidence that he needed Jooking after. Mr.
Q. said he would endeavor to answer the questions
that bad been asked him, and would give all other
information in his power.
What is the Best Material for Soiling ? Grass,
oats, corn und barley were all used. Begun with
grass, and continued its use until about the Ist of
July. About the 5th of April sowed oats, four
bushels to the acre, and made another the 20th of
April, and another the Ist of May. The oats
furnished food during the months of July and
August. After the first of May planted Southern
corn in drills, and again the 1st and 20th of June
This supplied food after the oats were gone, du-
ring the months of September and October. Next
sowed barley, making several sowings about ten
days apart, votil the Ist of August, and that gave
plenty of food until time to diy the roots, when
the tops were fed. English writers thought that
seyen cows could be kept by the soiling system
for one by the old plan. With Mr.Q an acre
would keep three or four cows, the difference
depending upon the manuring, It is almost im-
possible for us to realize the value ascribed to
manures in England, Mr. Mescur, at Tipton,
used all his manures in a liquid state, forced
throngh iron pipes by an engine. The crops pro-
duced by this system seemed incredibly large.
At the Willow Bank Dairy, manure is applied
liquid by carts and casks, The crop is cut green
for soiling, and then the land is deluged with
manure water. The result is four or five crops in
& season, seeming almost fabulous in amount,
The farmer must rely on home-made manures,
andthe making manure must be a main feature
in all good farming, Qur artificial manures were
greatly adulterated. Farmers thought that mitt
was the only article that could not be adulterated.
Muck was of-great value in Saving manure and
io increusing the manure beap, By composting
with much the amount may be trebled. Mr. Q.
read a letter from Dr. Dana, endorsing the state-
Ment be had made the previous evening, that the
manure of a cow was worth os much as her milk
{n bia own stubles made o trench 4 inches deep
and 18 wide, water-tight, atthe back of the stebles,
snd over the barn cellar. Filled these trenches
with muck, to save the liquid manure, In England
similar trenches were sometimes filled with water.
Toto these all the manure was swept, when it was
allowed to run into a reseryoir, and the trenches
were again filled.
To answer to a question in regard to the health
of his stock, Mr.Q snid he had not had a sick
animal in a long time. They appeared quite
comforiable. Let them out in a yard for an hour
or so, morpiog and afternoon, but they generally
appeared glad to retura to their quarters. The
vow don’t need much exercise. In the pasture,
when feed is plenty, they eat what they need, and
then lie down carefully and comfurtably and chew
the cud. Just in the best season pasturing may
be as well, and perhaps give a little more milk,
but this only lasts for a few doys—just in the
flush of grass. Mr, Q. was much in favor of soil-
ing—liked it; made it easy to keep a large amount
of stock on o small farm—tbus increasing the
fertility of the Jand and the numbers of farms
ond farmers, The farmers were the conservative
element mn this country. When we read of the
Dead Rabbits in New York and the riots in Balti-
more, we were apt to have some misgivings as to
the stability of our institutions, forgetting this
conservative element. “be ocean is of the same
temperature at all seasons, and modifies that of
contineots, So the farmers, with the love of
home ond country—virtuous and patriotic princi-
ples—strongly implanted in their breasts, will
modify these destructive elements, and preserve
all thatis right and trve io ourinstitutions. He
goce asked the elder Anaus when he first became
convinced that the Colonies would sever their
convection with the mother country—if it was at
the first outbreak at Lexington, or Boston—and
he replied that he firat became convinced of this
fact when he taught school at Worcester and
learned the sentiments of the farmers. In an-
swer to furtber inquiry, Mr. Q. said, in a well-
arranged stable it was very little trouble to take
care of stock in this manner. :
BantaoLomew Gepney, of Westchester, drew
out manure in the spring, with all the juices;
tben plowed under, for coro. Saves all the liquid
smaoure from the cows. It rans into a cistern
prepared for the purpose, and is pumped up with
achain pump. The result was entirely satisfuc-
tory.
Mr. Srewanr, of Erie, had practiced soiling for
tbree years, Oue acre with this system is equal
to four tilled in the old way. The extra manure
pays for all extra Jubor, and tho saving in fences
is no small item. Adopting this system would
double any man’s farm. Steaming food he hud
also found of great advantage. Straw, cut,
steamed, and mixed with a little meal, he found
better than the best Timothy hay. One mon can
‘ake care of more than fifty cows; hud kept that
pumber, and it did not occupy all a man's time.
Considered that steaming and soiling was worth
more to him this year than $500. Ruised a good
mony carrots, and fed these until about the 20th
May, or until clover was ready to cut. Fed with
this until corn was large enough to cut, Corn
comes the nearest to fresh grass in the manufac-
ture of butter. In winter fed roots largely, with
about three bushels of cut end steamed straw to
a cow, and a pint of meal to each bushel of straw.
The roots were steamed with the straw.
Groncx Crank, of Otsego, was willing to learn,
but wished to learn from those who knew more
than himself of farming, and not from those who
live in cities and ride out in their carriages two
or three times a week to see what Patnick is
doing, and to furnish the money for him to work
with. Was opposed to this high farming; it
would grow so large crops, and muke produce so
plenty, as to bring down prices and ruin farmers.
In fact, should all go into this system, there
Wouldn't be mouths enovgh in the world to con-
Sume the produce, Some years ago, growing
hops was very profitablein Otsego county, Rather
small crops were raised, which sold at a bigh
price, and those engaged in the business made
money. But others went into rsising hops, exer-
cised a good deal of skill at the business, grew
large crops, and for the Jast seven years hops
have been a drug, and all have Jost money, So it
Would be with grain, cheese, butter, &c., if we all
go in for raising large crops. Itis better to keep
on in the old way, only improving gradually as
fast as there was a demand for more produce,
This speech caused a good deal of merriment,
Mr, Danurna, of Cincinnati, wished to endorse
what had been said about steaming food for stock.
He found it of great advantsge, particularly to
corn stocks, which cattle would eat up clean when
cut, steamed, and mixed with meal,
Mr. Grpxey of Westchester thought one acre of
corn used in soiling worth as much as ten acres of
good rowan pasture.
Geo. Gepves of Onondaga County, asked no
man to adopt his mode. Don’t attach so much
importance to manure as the farmers of the vicin-
ity of the Hudson River. Yet followed a system
that increased the productiveness of the soil, and
that was the true rale upon which all farmers
should act,
Mr. Govvswira of Dutchess County said that it
was the practice of apy farmers to sow corn to
feed when pastures grow short, which practice
they found profitable, and so they did to feed meal
largely.
Mr. Cortis of Tompkins wanted to know if
farmers could afford to baul mapure balfa mile,
when they can buy clover seed at $5 a bushel, and
plaster for 10 or 12 cents a bushel. Clover seed
was the cheapest manure that he could use,
Mr. Day of Genesee County was in fayor of
msnouring with clover, when he can make it grow,
but finds great difficulty in getting the seed to
germinate, and then he is obliged to haul manure,
no matter how far, because if he neglects to
manure bis Jand he gets no profitable returns.
At o'clock a motion was made to adjourn, but
was voted down, with a strong manifestation to
hold on and gather all the information possible,
Soon Roninsox, being called for, said that be
had no desire to occupy the time. He wanted
{WHOLE NO. 512.
because having once commenced it rapidly spreads
through apy herd, and often in opposition to every
care. As soon as there is seed formed upon the
seed stems of the grass, the prudent breeder may
take notice of danger, and his wisest policy will
undoubtedly be to put his cows and heifers upon
the after grass. There are very many districts
where the climate, from being dry, does not render
this precaution necessary, but at the same time
there are nomerous tracts of Jond where the
moisture of the climate acts upon the grass seeds,
ond favors the growth of ergotised grass, and
such land is noted forthe difficulty experienced
in keeping the stock in proper breeding order.
The oge of the fcetus appears to be a matter of
small importance, for it varies from two months
upwards at the time when the abortion takes
place. Some stock are mach more sensitive to
its influence than others, and this is doubtless
dependent upon their bealth and vigor; and thus
stock which are well bred, d. €, nearly related,
are more liable to injury in this way than those
which are inferior in this respect: for although
by judicious breeding we improve the general
character of an animal, yet at the same time this
altered character is generally accompanied by |
diminished vigor.
Practical farmers pot to be afraid to speok, and he fi
urged all present who felt the importance of theae
Parmers’-Ciub meetings to organize them in their
own neighborhoods, end try to learn facts from
each other's expericnce, and above all to try to
learn what are facts,
Mr. Gennes said, that although he did not think
the mass of farmers of this State were prepared
to adopt the system of soiling recommended by
the Hon. Jostan Quincy, Jr., yet he moved a yote
of thanks to Mr. Q for bis interesting and valua
ble remarks. Tne vote was npanimously passed
Several other persons spoke, and at 10 o’clock
the meeting adjourned, every one spparently fully
pleased ; and thus ended the discussions,
Si a
EUROPEAN AGRICULTURE.
Ercor —At certain periods the columna of the
Agricultural Preas of our country teem with arti
oles concerning this fungus, and its baneful effects
upon stock, It would almost seem,—if we may
judge from tbe tenor of these various communica-
tions, —tbhat farmers generally do not rendily
recognize the appearance of this parasite in their
grain or grass, and tbat the result of its use is
first apparent upon the animals to which it has
been given in their fodder, The stock-producing
interest of the conntry has grown to such magni-
tude, und the welfure of both breeder and con-
sumer has become #0 intimately connected, that
any information calculated to promote the health
end vigor of onr domestic animals possesses an
almost universal value, This being the case, our
readers will cheerfully acknowledge the propriety
of making the following extract from the London
Agricultural Gazette :
“The existence of ergot on many varicties of
grass, bas been proved beyond all doubt, ond in
like manner we bave strong evidence of its influ-
ence upon breedingcattle. ‘Two conditions sppear
necessary for its production: first, the formation
of the seed; and secondly, that peculiar condition
of climate which predisposes the seed to favor the
development of the ergot. An examination of
the seed stems of our meadows will generally give
evidence of this disease, but it is only when itis
abundant that its influence is so manifest. Un-
fortunately much of the grasa land in the moist
climate of the West is too frequently the cause of
trouble and loss by causing the abortion of the
cows fed thereon, The disease is seldom found
upon grass land which bas been mown in the
same season, and even when it is found its appear-
ance is so casual as to be of little importance
The Jand which bas been grazed during the sum-
mer is that upon which the ergotized grass is
found to exist most abundantly, because the stock
having avoided the seed stems, these have been
enabled to fulfill their special functions and pro-
duce seed which has subsequently become dis-
eased. Itis clear that if prevention is the object
to be aimed at, this will be best attained by keep-
ing breeding stock from Jand thus bearing a
diseased produce. This may be accomplished on
the mojority of farms by removing the breeding
cows and heifers from their summer pasturage,
say in July, and keeping them afterwards upon
land which had been mown that season. The
remoyal of the stock should not be delayed until
any case of abortion has positively occurred,
JUNE GRASS APFECTED WITH ERGOT.
“This explains how the best bred cows and
heifers will often throw their calves, whilat some
common stock about which the breeder is iadiffer-
pot, will frequently escape, although their treat-
ment and food may be similar, and each may haye
partuken of this ergotised grass. Kuoowing as we
do the action of this diseased form of grass seed,
it becomes highly importent that we should ayoid
4 cause so prolific of trouble and Joss to many of
our best breeders. The preventive treatment is
simple ond readily ayailuble, and we trust that
attention having been drawn to this very much
overlooked cause of abortion, it may help our
readers to avoid & recurrence of the losses and
disappointments which we regret to know have
been so frequeot.”
In connection with the foregoing we give an
illustration of the sppearance of June grass when
this poison is prevalent. Our engraving repre-
sents a head of the Poa pratensis, natural size,
infected with ergot: 1, spikelets in the natural
condition; 2, 2, 2, 2, ergotised spikelets, Tous it
is seen that the ergotised grains protrude beyond
the chaff, or glumes; 8 is the ergot magnified,
surrounded with the glumes at the base, which
are also partially covered with o white, fibrous,
cotton-like substance, doubtless fungoid, that does
not appear at the base of a healtby seed; 4, the
ergot detached from the glumes; 0, glume, with
the cottony substance attached.
Sueer Breepina ix Great Barrary.—At the
recent sale of Mr. Hanpixo’s Seuth-Downs, Mr,
Yeatwan gave the following facts and figures
relative to the breeding of sheep in the United
Kingdom, and their influence upon the manufac-
turing and pecaniary interests of the country :—
“There are few persons, perbaps, aware of the
circumstance that this is a branch, looking at it
relatively, looking at it positively, which is of
immense importance, Permit me to state, upon
the authority of one of the most able writers we
haye met with in this country, Mr. Macqueen, that
there are not less than 48,000,000 head of sheep
in the United Kingdom. Just fancy the import-
ance in a national point of view of carrying to the
highest possible point of perfection the improve-
ment of these 43,000,000 of sheep, yielding 246,-
700,000 Ibs. of wool. And remember again, gen-
tlemen, for it appears almost incredible, that the
capital invested in this stock amounts to £66,578,-
885, according to Mr. Macqneen. Permit me also
to state that the value of the wool grown in this
country, leaving out fractions, ia not less than
£14,000,000 per annum, Permit me further to
state that the importation of foreign wool does
not amount to more than £4,000,000. So that out
of the £18,000,000 sterling worth of wool used by
this country, which employs no less than 1,250,000
manufacturers and operatives, the large propor-
tion of £14,00# 999 worth is provided by our agri
culturists, th’ gs affording means for the employ-
meptof lab or, the investment of capital, and the
increase * of the wealth of this country. Allow
me to “sey that we are deeply indebted to the
sheep pyeeders of England, and to them is due
“eVery honor for thus adding to the common wealth
-of ¥ a6 United Kingdom. Well then, gentlemen,
Y? ju baye in that class such names as the Duke of
T tichmond, Mr. Jonas Webb, Mr. Rigden, our
excellent friend Mr. Harding, and our honorable
friend on my left, who bas lately come with all his
honors blushing about him,—Mr. Wood. When,
again, I look at the Vice President, whose shelf is
not wide enough for the number of cups be has
won, I ask permission, honestly and conscien-
tiously, to say that I do believe such men are not
merely entitled to the passing thanks of the pres-
ent moment—they are not merely entitled to those
honors that old Dorset can offer, but I do believe
they ought to be considered as benefactors to their
country.” °
————————S—
“77? IS THE GOOD CROP THAT PAYS.”
Tne above remark, once overheard from a prac-
tical farmer, may sound like a bald truism to some,
but it contains, on the contrary, a great and im-
portant truth, often denied even in theory, and
atill more generally ignoredin practice, The idea
is this:—Tbe increased expense necessary to in-
sure good crop, is always, when judiciously
applied, more than repaid by the increased value
of the crop and land. For instance, in a crop of
corn, the increased cost in time and money neces-
sary to produce one hundred bushels per acre,
instead of fifty, bears small proportion to the in-
creased value of the crop, besides the impossibility
of leaving the ground in as good condition after
the poor crop as after the good one. The interest
upon the value of the land—plowing, planting,
&c,,—are all the same, or nearly the same, upon
the acre yielding fifty bushels as upon the one
yielding one hundred, and these are the always
heavy items in the expense. A good coating of
maniire (which, however, benefits the land more
than the first crop,) and a little extra attention
dag the summer, constitute the principal extra
expense, with the exception of increased haryest-
ing, at which, however, no farmer would gramble.
And yet nothing is more common than to hear
farmers saying they cannot afford to make some
needed improvement because they cannot spare
the money, even when they admit it will repay
twenty to thirty per cent. interest on investment.
(That is a kind of logic you never heard from any
but farmers. Any other class of men would hire
money to invest stsuch profit.) Even in regard to
draining—the greatest bugbear of all, because
most expensive of farm improvements—nothing is
more certain than if farmers cannotafford to drain,
they certainly cannot afford to farm at all. On
two-thirds of our land underdrains will pay fifty
per cent. on cost, and often with a wheat crop
nearly or quite paying for their construction in
one year. Besides, they are a permanent invest
ment, and after paying for their cost, as they will
in a year or two, all increased gains from their
construction are clear profit,
It may well be doubted, whether, with the high
price of lands in Western New York, farming is a
paying business— the interest alone of the value
ofa farm of one hundred acres, worth sixty-five
dollars per acre, being nearly five hundred dollars,
besides the cost of working farm, stock, tools, &c.
But if farming can be made profitable, it must be
thorough forming. Every acre must be kept in
good condition, for the interest on the land is
accumulating as fast under poor management as
under good, And this will cost far less than is
generally supposed. Thereare thousands of farms
worth now from five to eight thousand dollars,
where the expenditure of five hundred or a thou-
sand dollars in draining and manuring would
double the value of produce to be sold from the
farm, and without causing any extra expense in
production after the first outlay. Thus, the farmer
would get the same interest from five or ten hun-
dred dollars invested in improvements that he
gets from five to eight thousand invested in land,
If be cannot make money with the improvements,
he certainly cannot without them.
Henrietta, N. Y., 1859. W. J. Fow zr.
THE QUEEN BEE.
Eps. Rurat New-Yorxer:—To solve the reason
why eggs laid by the same queen should produce,
respectively, queens, workers and drones, has been
one of the greatest puzzles to bee-keepers. The
theory of Dztenzox is, that to produce drones,
coition of the queen with the male is unnecessary,
while the semen of the drone is essential to the
development of the more highly organized work-
ers and queens, and Prof. Lirnotp bas shown that
this peculiarity is common with various kinds of
insects, Dr. Dunparr, of Germany, artificially
impregnated some drone eggs, causing them to
produce workers, thus showing tbat the semen of
the drone will bear exposure to the open air with-
out destroying its vitality. Ina letter received
from Mr. Quinny, (who has the largest apiary in
the United States,) I find that he has succeeded in
producing a queen in a colony that had none, be-
fore drones made their appearance, by giving
them eggs, or young larym, This shows thatif
impregnation is necessary, it must have been
done by the workers, from semen deposited by the
drones in the summer or fall before, And it is
Probably a wise provision of Providence that the
drones should deposit their semen in cells before
they are destroyed, in order to raise young queens
before drones make their appearance in the spring,
in case of Any accident to the old one,
This deposit of Semen, near, or with the bread,
or pollen, has induced observers to suppose that
queen bees were produced by being fed a peculiar
kind of food, called royal jelly, which is as absurd
as that a highly cultivated piece of ground would
produce a crop without any seed. Almost all
modern writers are now greed that the oviaries
of the queen are filled with eggs that will produce
drones only, but that impregnation is essential to
the production of workers. My own opinion ig
that a still further impregnation of the egg, after
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
itis laid, is necessary to produce a queen. This
is certainly as rational os the authenticated fact
that a drone egg, by impregoation, will produce a
worker. The bees have certainly power, from
their brood comb, tofproduce workers, drones, or
queens, as may be necessary to the existence of
the swarm, and I see no other way in which they
can make such changes, and regulate the charac-
ter of the new colony, except by artificially im-
preguating the eggs with the semen of the drone.
To suppose that they can eflect these great
changes in any other way, is to impeach the wis-
dom of Him who reserved in the Ark all the
various kinds of animals and insects, and His
veracity in declaring that such should produce
after its kind. x
Henriotta, N, Y., 1859.
EXPERIENCE IN HEDGE GROWING.
Eps. Ruray New-Yorxer:—Should the follow-
ing be worthy an insertion in your paper, please
publish it for the benefit of those whom it may
concern, A mite of practical knowledge, though
often dearly bought, is of more worth than a vol-
ume of theorizing. In the absence or scarcity of
cedar in this country for farms and suburban
fencing, resort has been had to various expedients
to supply the deficiency, Patent metallic and
movable board fences have been presented, both
of which are either teo expensive or flimsy to war-
rant general introduction. The Hedge, too, has
had its advocates. Who, that is a lover of Nature,
and has seen a full-grown hedge, properly trim-
med, has not admired it, especially when occupy-
ing 4 position contiguous to one’s house,
Though owning a cedar lot, I was induced, six
years ago last spring, to have an Osage Orange
Hedge, set about my yard and frit garden, (sixty
rods in all.) Directions as to cultivation and
trimming were fully followed. The hedge grew
luxuriantly, and gave promise of an early and
well matured fence, sending forth shoots of four
feet growth in one season, as the soil in which they
were set was & warm, gravelly loam, but each
succeeding spring exhibited naught of my hopeful
hedge but a mass of lifeless twigs, to within one
foot of the ground, My only hope was in accli-
mation, but the last spring found my hedge in a
more hopeless condition than any preceding one.
So that I am fully prepared to say that the culti-
vation of the Osage Orange in this latitude, as o
hedge, is a hoax. Still desiring an ornamental
hedge fence, will you, or some of your correspon-
dents that have been successful in the cultivation
of the Eoglish Hawthorn, give their experience
with that plant, the time and method of setting,
and after cultivation? Should it be set in single
or alternate rows? Wu. B. Rice.
Elbridge, N. Y., 1859.
+0
ABOUT BOUGHTON WHEAT.
Eps. Runa New-Yorker:—In your paper of
Oct, 10th, I noticed an article in reference to
Boughton wheat—you having received a sample
from Mr. Wa. R. Dunyes, of Nunda, Livingston
Co., and stating that his weighed 651bs. per bushel,
Also a communication from Mr. Joun Houmes, of
Burnt Hills, Saratoga Co., giving his experience
with Bovughton’s wheat, and stating that his
weighed 643¢ lbs. per bushel. Now, Mr. Editor,
I will give you my experience with the same kind
ofwheat. I obtained one bushel from Baltimore,
and had it sown the 7th of September. It gota
very fine growth before the inclement weatber set
in, and was not injured in the least by the fros's
of winter, but the frost of June 5th injured it very
much, as it was just in the milk. I obtained only
eleven bushels and three pecks. Afierreading the
articles alluded to, I thought I would weigh some
of mine, as I had some left, and it weighed 66 Ibs.
per bushel. I think, Mr. Editor, that the little
town of Gates can send friendly greetings to her
sister towns, and challenge them to produce
heavier wheat. It is not quite as white as the
Soule's, but ripens much earlier—I had mine cut
the 6thof July, Itis far superior, in my judgment,
to the Dayton wheat,—and would not be surprised
ifit should become the favorite wheat of Western
New York. H. Wray.
Gates, Monroe Co., N. Y., Oct,, 1859,
SENECA COUNTY FAIR.
Ovr three days’ Fair closed last week. Some
$1,500 was taken at the gates, including the amount
received for show privileges, terraced seats, &c.—
Had it not rained all the morning of the last day,
when the trotting was to come off, the receipts
would have been larger.
The show of Equines, Bovines, Sheep, Pigs, and
Poultry, was creditable to this very fertile and all
arable little county; and Floral Hall, if not in full
bloom, contained, nevertheless, a goodly show of
substantial vegetable productions, as well as those
of the dairy, workshop, &c.,— not forgetting the
fine paintings, pictures, embroidery, &c., and the
merry toned melodeop, a pretty specimen of which
was constantly under the fair fingers of some one
of the bewitching rural fair ones, doing execution
that constantly encircled her with an admiring
host — including, of course, wore than one admir-
ing, if not mystified swain? But that which in-
terested me most, as it gave an earnest of our
country’s astounding progress in mechanical in-
dustry, was the show of improved Mowers, Reap-
ers, Straw Cutters, and other farm implements;
and the large and varied handicraft contributions
of newly-invented domestic articles, powerful and
unique forcing pumps, &c., &c., fresh from the
workshops of that growing little Birmingham of
our county, Seneca Falls? There was also on ex-
hibition, and in successful operation, our towns-
man, A. Latourerre’s improved tile machine. It
moulded and turned out from two to seven, four-
teen inch tile, according to size, at each revolution
One great inducement for general turn out to
the Fair, was the generous privilege granted by
Josern Warout, the proprietor of the grounds, to
every farmer and family to drive in and over the
whole twenty acres, It was sad to see bow soon
the fine clover sward was cut up by wheels and
hoofs into an unctuous semi-vegetable compound!
The Plowing Match, on the second day, with
three plows, came off on a stoneless meadow of
clay loam. The work was beautifully done, and
the best execution was with the plow of Newcoun
& Ricuarpsox, Iron Founders here; yet strange
to say, except the judges, there was but one far-
mer present to see the work done! It would seem
of late that farmers go to an Agricultural Fair to
enjoy, rather than to learn. When they drop the
plow handles at home, they go to the Fair to for-
get the plow, and to patronize the raree shows ex-
hibited—to see the trotting, and the msthetics
generally —while those who have animals or other
products on show, are stimulated by premiums
hoped for, and if disappointed, they enjoy the
privilege of censuring the poor judges, * Thank
God,” said one of the premiamless, ‘they are no
judges.” Ss. W.
Waterloo, N. ¥,, Oot. 18, 1859.
FARMERS’ CLUB FAIR AT LITTLE FALLS,
Tue Farmers’ Club at Little Falls, Herkimer Co.,
held a Fair on the 11th and 12th of October, Al-
though this Club is of but two or three years
standing, the exhibition redounds to the praise
of directly concerned. There was an excellent
display of Vegetables, not inferior to those in many
of our best County Fairs, The exhibition of Fruit
was fine. Muny superior specimens of apples
loaded the shelves, and pearaand grapes of several
varieties made the show of fruit magnificent. Tho
needle work, fancy articles, &o., (very many of
them beautifal in design and exquisite in comple-
tion,) could not easily be excelled. The show of
stock was not large, but met the expectations of
the Club. Of farming and mechanical implements
there was anample display; and, to digress, while
looking ot the mowers and respers, my mind
reverted to the time when the sickle laid low
the waving grain, the heavy stroke of the flail
tbhreshed, and the plodding team drew it to the
distant market. How did folks live without reap-
ers, threshers and locomotives—or, to express it
concisely, without machinery.
Daring the forenoon of the last day of the Fair,
& poem, witty and logical, was read by Mr. Boxcar,
of the Central Independent, and in the afternoon
an address by Judge Graves, of Herkimer.
The Fair was doubtless a success, and may the
like happy results ever crown Farmers’ Ciubs,—
for they, like the capillaries of the circulatory
organs of the human system, carry the life blood of
agricultural enterprise to the heart, and where the
arteries, the larger organs do not permeate. The
State and County Societies do not form that micro-
scopic net-work essential to the proper nutriment
of the whole agricultural system. There musta
more complete circulation commence where those
arteries terminate, to effectually nourish every
tissue of the body, and Farmers’ Clubs are the
capillaries that perform that function—that secrete
and convert the nutrient materials of the husband-
man’s enterprise into “bone and muscle,”’—thus
making the system of Agriculture athletic and
imposing. E. U.
St. Johnsyille, N. Y., 1859,
—+4+-—
CRAWFORD COUNTY (Pa,) FAIR.
Ens. Rogar New-Yorker:—Atlow ove of your
constant readers a short space to speak of the
County Fair held at Coneautyille, Pa., on the 5th,
6th and 7th of October. The June frost was par-
ticularly damaging in this section of country, and
the idea pretty generally prevailed that Agricultu-
ral Exhibitions would prove slim affuirs this fall,
Indeed, out of a dozen euch in the adjacent
country, held in the month of September, several
proved entire failures, and not one came up to
their usual standard, either in variety, quality or
quantity of articles exhibited, or number of people
in attendance. But the Crawford County Fair was
a decided success; indeed it was the dest exhibition
of the kind ever beld in Western Pennsylvania, or
Northern Ohio. There were 1,500 entries for pre-
mivums, and some 500 for exhibition. Over 1,000
head of cattle and horses were on the ground, com-
prising as full, and as good grades of stock as is
frequently witnessed at State Fairs. Every de-
partment was full, including the best lot of Grain
and Vegetables I ever witnessed.
Tbe farmers and citizens of Crawford county
have long been celebrated for their energy and
thrift, but this last demonstration has added more
than all others to their deserved fame, and if we
mistake not, will prove of lasting benefit, From
five to seven thousand persons were in attendance
each day, and I learn the Society will have quite a
fund on hand after paying off debts, premiums and
expenses. The secret of our success is liberal,
just and equitable regulations, promptness in car-
rying them out; officers who know their duty, and
are vigilant and active, backed by o noble and
progressive community, If you or your readers
wish to see a model Fair, come to Crawford county
next year, Wecanconvince you there is Yankee
spiritat work, even in thesober land of Pann. s,
Coneautville, Pa., 1859.
———— og
SORGHUM AND OTHER MATTERS,
Eps. Rurat New-Yorker:—As the molasses
subject is again being discussed to some extent, I
will give you, and your readers, an idea of what
we are doing in Central Iowa, in the maoufactur-
ing of molasses, A great many who tried it in
1558, became disgusted, and did not plantany cane
in 1859, but, notwithstanding, the army of experi-
menters is greatly increased, and it is now appa-
rent to all that with a fair season here, Central
Towa will produce more than sufficient for home
consumption. I have tbe best yield of any in my
neighborbood—about 89 gallons of good thick
molasses to one-balf acre. The use of mill and
evaporating cost me about 10 gallons. We have
all been greatly encouraged in the cultivation and
manufacture of the sorghum. The greatest diffi-
culty is in the seed, it being easily mixed, aod
some have lost the whole crop I had a few seed
of the /mphee, or African Sugar Cave, and altho’
late plauted, and not fully matured yet, I gota
greater yield from it than the Sorghum, and the
olusses is far superior, with the same mode of
manufacture, 3
lam greatly pleased with the Japan Apple-pie
Melons (as a substitute for greeo apples,)— they
grow to great size in our prairie soil, some as
heavy a8 53 pounds, have been grown here this
caro pate Hubbard Squasb, seo Hlawly saoken
of Enst has maintained its reputation as “A” No,
1, Squash. R Saw’ M. Drnz.
East Desmoins, Towa, 1859.
Rural Spirit of the Press.
Milk vs. Beef.
Tue following article, which we clip from the
Maine Farmer, contains a great deal of “ food for
reflection.” We hope that the class of our readers
Specially interested in the subject discussed, will
give it proper consideration, and furnish their
own opnions and experiences for publication -—
“Té was allowed, we believe, by all who visited the
State Show and Fair last week, that there were
never brought togetherin Mainea better collection
of cattle. They were, taken as a whole, large and
in good order. This is all yery well. The pro-
gress made by our farmers in breeding stately
oxen and heavy beef is commendable. But thera
was another thing observable, and that was the
comparatively small number of milch cows entered,
and the still smaller number of real good milkers
presented for examination. This should not be.
There can be no denial of the fact, that in the de-
sire and in the efforts of raising cattle superior for
work and beef, the farmers of Maine are going
astern in rearing superior animals for the pail.
Our dairy stockis not beingimproved. The ques-
tion very naturally ocours, Why is this? The
earlier Durhams introduced into Maine were good
milkers—they arenotso now. The earlier Devons
were good milkers—they are notso now. Whatis
the reason? There ase undoubtedly two good
reasons for this. The first is, the selection of
animals that havea more natural tendency to fatten
than give large quantities of milk, to breed from.
The second is, the mode of rearing the young, or
feeding, is such as to stimulate the fat gathering
or adipose vessels of the system, instead of the
milk gathering or lactiferous vessels.
We may be wrong in our theory in this last
assertion, but we will endeavor to give our reasons
for it as plainly as we can, Thereis inthe human
system, and indeed in all the mammalia or milk
giving animals, two sets of vessels. The office of
one set is to secrete and gather fut. The office of
the other is to secrete and gathermilk. Now the
action of each of these organs is entirely and es-
sentially opposite to the other, They may act
together in a moderate degree—thus, an animal, a
cow for instance, may be moderately fat andat the
same time give a moderate quantity of milk, but if
you push the action of one set of vessels to the
extreme, you diminish proportionally the action
of the other. You cannot get your cow extremely
fat, and at the same time have her a great milker.
On the other hand, youcannot have agreat milker
and at the same time have her excessively fat.
Hundreds of examples may be cited where great
milkers, when made excessively fat, have been
ruined as milkers. The famous Oakes cow is a
case in point, After becoming celebrated as a
dairy cow, she passed into new bands, where she
was fed liberally with meal. She became fat, and
was nothing extra after that for the dairy.
Our farmers are now wide awake for large, fat
avimals. It seems as if they had imbibed the be;
lief, that to grow and accumulate a great pile of
coarse beef in one hide is the ‘chief end of man.’
This was manifested by the array of large, stately
calyes atthe show. How thesecalves were brought
up to the point of fat and stature was also abund-
antly evident, Scarcely one of them came upon
the ground without baying a wet nurse by its side,
in the form of ameek old cow—not its mother, but
some one that would give a good supply of milk
to the young giant, at the expense of her own
tbrifty appearance.
Now, according to our theory, these calyes can
never become good milking stock. Why? Because
from their very birth the fat gathering or adipose
organs have been set into active operation, at the
expense of the milk or lactiferous system, and they
will always keep the ascendency. But, say you,
how can we stimulate the milk-gathering organs
ofacalf? We answer, by not overtaxing the fat-
gathering organs. The leaner or poorer you can
keep acalf, and at the same time keep it in a thrifty,
growing state, the better milker will it become,
Understand us fairly in this position. We do not
contend tbat poor keeping of calves will inevitably
make great milkers of them, but it will have a
tendency to make beéfer milkers than if kept ex-
cessively fat. For instance: you may take two
heifer calves—twins, if you please—put one of
them into liberal feed, and keep it fat all the time
untilit is mature. Put the other into moderate
feed, where it shall grow moderately well until
mature, but not fat, and this last will makea much
better milker than the first. We could cite in-
numerable instances to prove this. We could tell
some experiments of our own in proof of this,
The complaint that the Durbams and the Devons
have lost their former good milking properties,
arises from the oyer-feeding of their progeny.
Select from each breed those that have good milk-
ing points, and breed them on the moderate pres-
sure principle, and you will again get good milkers
from them,’
A Proritanie Frock or Sxeer.— Mr. Thomas
J. Marvel, of Dover, Md., furnishes Wilkes’ Spirit
of the Times a statement of his gains from a small
flock of sheep, the lust spring andautumn. In the
spring his flock consisted of 22 ewes and 2 weath-
ers. The increase was 24 lambs, 8 of which he
sold for $37 60, and 7 for $20. He has left 8
lambs, for which he has been offered $45, and one
buck lamb, for which he has been offered $5. He
also sold from the same flock $26 worth of wool,
making altogether $145 60. Who can beat it?
Farrenina Swinxe—A New Inea.—A lot of
1,500 hogs arrived at Urbana, Ill., last week, by
railroad, all the way from Pennsylvania, for the
purpose of being fattened. They were let out to
the farmers of the vicinity for $3 per hundred, and
are to be taken back fattened at the same rate,
We bear that other lots are on the way. Seven-
teen car loads were put off at Dudley, and let out
to the farmers in the same manner.
Cuanoina Seev.—A writer in the New England
Farmer says the yield of his potato crop is increas-
ed from fifty to one hundred per cent, by procuring
seed potatoes which on an entirely different soil,
fifteen or twenty miles apart. And this plan of
changing seed isa good one, and should be remem-
bered by all practical cultivators.
Agricultural Miscellany.
ExrLanatony.—Absenco from home much of the
timo for several weeke—attending Agricultural Pat
&c,,—and recent dangerous {liness {n family, te
precinded the Editor of the Rumat from dovotlog time
to many matters requiring his personal attention, This
explanation {8 duo those who have addressed us on
various subjects, and wero entitled to replies or other
attentions which we could not bestow. And mas it will
save all partics time and trouble of corrospondeni
we may be excused for saying, in this connection, that
We cannot consistently mako any engagements (o
lecture before Farmers’ Clubs or other sasociations
until after the frst of January ensuing.
— For reasons above stated we haye been unable to
prepare Show-Bill Prospectuses, &c., for the Eleventh
Volume of the Runar, and hence cannot comply with
tho requests dally received from agents and other
friends for such documents. Asaoon as Issued, how-
ever, bills, &c., will be mailed to all Agents and other
applicants disposed to lend influence In extending our
cireulatton—and It will afford friends of the Runa
Pleasure to Jearn that we never received #0 many ‘Sppli-
cations, or such encouraging letters (at the same season
of the year,) as during tne past month.
Aontovtrurat INetrvotion At Yate Coruror—At
a discussion on The Dissemtnation of Agricultural
Knowledge, (during the Conn, State Fair,) Prof, Porrer
described a plan of popular Agricultural Instraction
which it is proposed to adopt at Yale College tho enau-
ing winter. Some twenty men, noted far and near for
their success in various departments of fold, garden
and orchard culture, and stock raising, baye consented
to lecture on subjects with which they are familiar. It
1s therefore proposed to have a course of instruction to
occupy about one month—doring which lectures will
be given (three or four in a day) upon the most impor-
tant practical subjects connected with general farming
and frutt culture, At the close of each lecture, some
time will be spent in answering inquiries, &c. In the
evenings itis intended to hold meetings for free discus-
sion—farmers’ club meetings—to be participated In by
all attending the course as lecturers or hearers, an
important and indispensable part of the plan. The
course is to comprise from 80 to 100 lectures, which
will bo fally illustrated by models, diagrams, &c.,
Among the lecturers named aro P. Barry, Esq, of this
city, on General Propagation and Pruning of Fruit
Trees, and Dr. O. W. Granr, of Iona Islands, on Grapes
—both admirable eclections, as no more competent
gentlemen, for the specialties named, can be found in
the Union. Tho lecturers on other subjects are also
well qualifed—such as Hon, M, P, Witprr on Pears,
Judge Faenxcn on Drainage, etc., etc.
— We highly approve of this plan, and trust it will
be brought to a successful issue, It will do much to-
ward properly deciding the “irrepressible conflict”
between Knowledge and Ignorance among American
Agricultorists and Horticulturlats.
Hosrrrauiry at Sourneen Fares—Here is an item
proving that they have abundant fare at southermfutrs,
and that Kentucky hospitality is fully ca th
credited to “Old Virginia” and the Southern States
generally. A gentleman attending the Agricultural
Fair of Mason and Bracken counties, Ky., says, in bis
deecription of the scene about “feed time,” that each
family brings enough ‘grub’ to feed a company of
half-famished soldiers, and the heads of families le in
ambush around the Secretary’s office and the jadges’
stand, for unsuspecting strangers, in order that they
may ‘take them in.” He was compelled to accept or
decline some sixty invitations to dine, and pleasantly
refers to the groups of from five to fifteen spread about
over tho grass, disposing of roast pig, chicken and the
usual e¢ ceferas of a good feed, sans ceremonia, but
with an excellent appetite, heightened by the spirit of
genuine social hospitality.
AGniourtvge 1x Tuscany.—A correspondent of the
Newark Advertiser gives this account of the slow-coach,
non-progressiye mode of securing tho harvest in Cen-
tral Italy :—“ To-day—in this nineteenth century—one
sees here sunbaked women and girls, cutting, or hack-
ing rather, the grain, with ill-shaped, twelve inch
sickles, and beating it out, sheaf by sheaf, on a stone,
with the hand, alded only by a rongh stick. Threshing
instruments are almost unknown in Tuscany; and then
what a winnowing, without machines, follows the reap-
ing. It {s done in this wise:—The grain heaped upon
the ground in one place, is thrown by shovelfuls through
the alr to another place, the wind belag winnower, and
supposed to blow away the chaff as {t passes. One
watches this bebind-the-times operation with his teeth
‘on edge with the sense of gritty bread, and the prospect
of eating his ‘peck of dirt? in Italy before him,”
Suevter v3, Exrosuze or Stock.—As cold weather
approaches, we again enjoin upon farmers the econ-
omy of providing good shelter for domestic animals.
Warmth—protection frem chill blasts and storms—will
pay largely in saving feed, and the judictous farmer
will see that his cattle, sheep, eto., are well abeltered,
especially in a senson of scarcity of fodder. It has
been proved by experiment, in England, that sheltered
sheep eat one-third less of linseed cake and two pounds
less of turnips per day, and yet the incréase of those
sheltered as compared with those that were nol, yet
consumed more food, was 98 56 is to 36.
Se.y-Weieuino Bre-urves.—The Tribune says:—
“Here is a chance for Yankee ingenuity. Itisto make
a weighing balance upon a cheap plan, s0 that every
bee-keeper can afford fo attach one to each hive, upon
which {t hangs suspended, to indicate each day the
weight of the swarm and its stores. Such a thing will
prove highly eatisfactory, und should at once be
invented.”
Ton ANagorA Goat.—Tho Angora Goat ta being
extensively acclimated In France. The fleece sells at
from $2 to $2 50, and tho wool, or rather hair, makes
excellent velvet A fow of these beautifal animals
wero imported into South Carolina in 1649, They
haye increased to upward of 50 of the pare breeds,
besides many moro half breeds,
Onreans County AG. Socrety.—At the Annual Meet-
ing of this Society, held at Albion on the 18th inst, the
following board of officers was clected for tho ensuing
year:—Preaident—Davin N. Haron of Marray. Vice
Pres't—A, Stewanr, Albion. Seoretary—A. B. Pat
vexson, Albion, Zreasurer—Joux H. Wut Albion.
A Fan Nozrm Aa. Soomrr.—Some gentlemen have
organized in Douglas Co., Wis, the “Lake Superior
Agricultural Society,” and have awarded dollar a
pound for the best, and afiy cents a pound for the second
best butter made in the county, and $10 for the best
barrel of flour from wheat grown there,
—Mxcmt, who Is a bighly
ing Suxer v4. BREVES. q
Siaueed and practical English agrioultarist, says he
is pemrinend that beef must sell at 20 per cent higher
than mutton to make them pay alike, He also remarks
that be agrces with a frlend of his who aays that he who
keeps many pbullocks will never make s will,
k
Eas a
g
trees,
AUTUMN WORK IN THE GARDEN.
TMBING ®OSES—
INQ WALKS—FROTECTION FOR CL
AL HEATHEN? OF RUUBARB AND ASPARAGUS —
List oF GOOD AND HARDY ONEREIES.
I nave some few questions about Autumn work in
the Garden to ask, ond f trust you will take the trouble
to answer them, as I presume some of them, if answered
through the ROnAt, would also meet the decirce of
others,
Rirst.~Tow to make Gravel Walks eo that grass and
weeds will not grow through them ; in fact, what ls the
best way to make them? F
Second.—The best way to Protect OUmbing Roses
during Oe Winter, 1 have some very fine ones, and
they have been killed down bad the last two Winters.
‘They bave made a fine growth of some Ofteen feet, or a
little over, this season, and I very much dislike to have
them Injured this wioter by the cold, as they areas fino
specimens a8 one often seca,
Third,—The best course to pursue with Rhubarb—
cover it with manure in the fall or in thespring? And,
what is the best course to pursue to get the dest and
earliest growth?
Fourth. would make the same inquiries In regard
to Asparagus that I have tn regard to Rhubarb,
FY/th,— Will you give me a list of some good reliable
Cherries, Ooe quality; trees hardy, and bark not liable
to gum and crack?
If you will please auswer the above very soon you
will greatly oblige L. A. Gniswou.
Vernon, N. Y., 1859,
Maxine Warxs.— Mark out the walk precisely
us you wish it to be when done, being careful to
get the direction you wish, nice, easy curves, if it
is not a straight walk, and the width, from one
end to the other the same. This is best done by
small stakes put pretty close together, and these
ean be changed until you are satisfied that it is in
all respects as you desire. Now remove the earth
from the walk to the depth of one foot, leaving the
edges smooth and atrvight. Fill this walk or ditch,
as it now appears, with rough stones, gathered
from the farm, or old bricks, or any similar ma-
terial, putting the largest at the bottom until
Within about four inches of the surface, Then
level off with smaller stones, and finish off with
about three inches of gravel, making it a little
rounding. The stones in the bottom act es a
drain, and if an outlet is provided at the lowest
point of the road, all the better. No grass can
take root and grow through such o mass of ma-
terial, and the tio great points are therefore
secured —a clean and a dry walk. A little earth
will wash from the sides upon the gravel, and here
alittle grass will start occasionally, but this can
be kept down without much trouble. A heavy
dressing of salt once or twice a year will be ef-
fectual, or the hoe may be used when necessary. —
A little fresh gravel should be added occasionally,
aa the walk should be well-filled at first, and kept
fall.
Protection ror Crimpixe Roses,—A very little
protection only is necessary for Climbing Roses,
and this may be provided in several ways, Where
the situation is such as to make it convenient they
may be taken down and covered with earth er
straw, or they may be covered with straw on the
pillar or trellis. The prettiest winter covering for
all shrubs or vines is one of evergreen branches—
such as the Arbor Vitw—when it can be obtained.
Fat. Treatwent or Ruvpars anp Aspanaaus.—
Give Rhubarb very heavy coating of manure in
the autumn. In the spring fork this in lightening
up the earth around the roots. Cut away the old
stalks of Asparagus the latter part of October or
November, and cover the bed with three inches of
mapore, In the spring fork this in very carefully,
50 as not to wound the crowns of the plants,
List or Goop Axv Hanpy Cuerntes.—We dislike
very much to make ont a small list of fruits—for
there are 40 many good kinds, each haying some
desirable quality that makes it yaluable,—as we
are compelled to discard many fayorites, The
Duke ond Morello cherries are the hardiest class,
and sbould be planted in localities where the
Hiarts and Bigarreaus ore found too tender, and
gum and crack, as we suppose they do somewhat
in Vernon, by the remarks of our correspondent,
Of this class we would name as the best, Belle de
Choisy, May Duke, Reine Hortense, Carnation,
Belle Magnifique ond Early Richmond.
A few remarks farther in regard too Autumn
work, now that our attention is called to the sub-
ject, will not, we think, be out of place or unprof-
itable. All rough garden work, such as making
walks, grading, trenching, &c., should be done in
the Autumn, if possible. Our springs are short,
unpleasant and uncertain, and much work that
remains undone until spring, remains also in the
Same condition during the summer, Those who
Planted Lettuce or Spinach in September for early
spring use, should now give it a little protection,
Beds of Crocuses, Hyacinths, and other bulbs,
should have a coating of manure or leaves thrown
over them. All plants that are not completely
hardy and that need protection, should be covered.
This may be done in many Ways, old boxes or bar-
rels with holes bored through their tops are good
tor shrubs, roses and the like, ana straw, mats,
and evergreen boughs are all useful, Every, hour
spent in protecting Strawberry, Raspberry and
many other plants and vines, even our hardy grape
vines, is time well expended, as the next fruiting
season will most abundantly prove.
Many tolerable gardeners seem to think it no
disgrace to have their gardens look slovenly all
the winter, but there is no necessity, and indeed
no excuse for this, All the weeds should be cut
down in the full, and decayed leaves and litter of
every description should be removed from the gar-
den and placed upon the manure heap. Stakes
used for supporting plants, bean poles, &c., should
be gathered up and stored away until sgain needed,
Hundreds, and we have no doubt thousands of
our readers are Spending money this fall for fruit
and whether this money is a profitable in-
Ee Doe
tbe manner in which the trees are treated. Have
the groand well prepared, enriched, deeply culti-
yated and drained. Theo plant carefully, remem-
bering that there is a vast difference between
setting a post and seiting atree. Remove all in-
jured roots, spread them out in their natural posi-
tion, on a bed of fine mellow zoil, and eover them
with the same, Then throw up a mound of earth
sround the stem to keep them steady during the
storms of autumn and spring. If you do not de-
sign to plant until spring, unpack the boxes or
bundles, and place the roots in trenches, covering
them well up the trunk with earth. If your trees
reach you during a cold snap, and you think they
are frozen, place the bales or boxes in the cellar
until they are completely thawed out, then heel in,
as before advised.
See that all trees planted last sprig, or before,
are ino proper condition to endure the winter, and
if not, bank upor stake. A tree that bas made
one summer's growth is worth three times its ori-
ginal cost, and is worthy of some attention.
ae eer
TASTE IN PARIS,
Ir is generally admitted that the French area
people of fine taste, and this taste is carried into
the smallest matters, even what we would consider
trifles. Even the apple pediar would arrange his
fruit nicely in his basket, putting the red, perhaps,
inthe centre, surrounded by the yellow, and the
green nicely arranged areund them, and all made
bright and glossy by rubbing, instead of tumbling
them promiscuously togetber, as is the custom
bere. Then the cherries will be fastened to a stick
by the stems, with leaves interspersed, making a
pretty and tempting boguet. All the American
seller would think of, would be to twist them up
in a piece of brown paper, We have seen some-
thing like this done in other parts of Europe, but
never recollect of seeing anything of the kind in
this country. A correspondent of the London
Cottage Gardener, writing from Paris, calls atten-
tion to the fact we have mentioned, and gives a
very good drawing of one of these Cherry Boguets,
and also of a very chesp and convenient Garden
Seat, which we copy with the accompanying re-
marks :
“All who have lived here only for a few days,
will admit, I think, that the Parisians show 8 good
deal of taste in setting off orarranging their goods
in the most attractive manner. It is common to
have large plants at each side of the shop door,
and numerous flowers in the window. Even the
meat in the butcher's shop may frequently be seen
studded with flowers, and the intervening spaces
filled with tall Rose trees, Hollyhocks, Fuchsias,
and other sorts.
CHERRY BOQUET.
“The yery firewood in the wood-yards is gener-
ally piled up so that the facade may represent a
number of ornamental figures; and I have often
seen melons and yines, coyered with fruit, grow-
ing along the sides, The poorest vendors in the
street have usually some notions of ornament; if
it is only a few Cherries that are sold for a sou,
they are always displayed in the form of a small
boquet, worked up with the leaves of Lily of the
Valley, one or two Pansies being stuck in at the
top. Twoor three leaves areleft open at the sum-
mit, but all the others down the sides have their
points tied in,
PIG, 2—GARDEN SEAT.
“When I was in the country some short time
ago, I noticed a very simple form of garden seat,
of which the enclosed sketch will give a better
idea than the longest description (fig. 2). It is
made of common pine boards, and may be put to-
Sether with great facility and little expense.”
st
Tonoxto Faurr Manxer.—Green fruit continues
to be freely offered, the bulk of the supply coming
from the other side of the lake. For ibe best va-
rieties of apples $2 to $9.95 per bbl. is got, and for
common $1,50 to $2. Pears are in small supply,
at $5 per bbl. and 89 per bushel. Quinces scarce,
at the ih zat + Grapes 7c. to 10c, per pound.—
‘Tan Sor should be mellow and rich,—s sandy
Joam is the best, This, however, is not essential.
Spaovrixe tue Ssep.—This most be done ina
hot-bed which should be prepared from the first
to the 20th of April. The potatoes should not be
put in for about a week after the bed is prepared.
Preparixa rae Grocxp.—Abont the first of
May the ground for the crop shoald be Prepared ;
Plowed and barrowed till it is completely pul-
verized. Then plow it up in ridges by throwing
8 or 4 furrows together with a team and plow,
afler which go over it with a hoe and smooth it
off ready for the plants which may be set in as
soon as all danger of frost is over, Set after a
rain, or if putin when the ground is dry, the plants
should be watered.
Coutryation.—Keep the ground free from
weeds and grass, &c. Some recommend pulling
the vines loose from the soil, as they spread over
itand strike root. As to the utility of this I can-
not say, but think it would pay.
Hanyvesting.—The crop should be gathered be-
fore the vines are killed by frost, if not, the tubers
will be injured and will not keep so long. Should
the vines be frozen before digging, go over the lot
with a sharp hoe and cut off the vine close to the
tubers, as soon as possible after the frost. This
saves them the worst effects of the freeze.
Savino Seep.—The only good way I have ever
found is to select the nicest of the small tubers,
place them in abox that will hold half abusbel, with
fine soil, in which they grow, Nail down the lid,
taking care to leave small cracks for ventilation,
butnotsolargeastoadmitmice. Then place them
in a cool bank which is dry, and sufficiently far
from the entrance to secure an even temperature
Then, if your potatoes are not disturbed by mice,
or other causes, you may be sure of findiog
them safe and sound in the spring, ready to
sprout for another crop. Exocu Enaue.
Indastry, Beaver Co,, Pa, 1859,
————_+-e-_____
RENOVATING OLD ORCHARDS.
Eps. Ruan New-Yorken:—The failure of
apple orchards is a subject of very general re-
mark. In this vicinity it is caused by insects,
and the lack of proper nourishment in the soil,
which has become exhausted. The fallis the beat
time to apply manure to renovate old trees. If
the orchard is covered with turf, tear it up to the
depth of three or four inches, by running a plow
very shallow, or with a harrow or cultivator. The
roots must not be injured. Now, how shall the
manure be applied? I have seen several orchards
where the manure was piled about the trunk of
the tree, to the depth of a foot or more, extending
but three or four feet cach way from it. Is this
right? The roots ofa tree will always extend as
far as the top, and therefore fill a circle with roots
twice the diameter of it. Sometimes they will ex-
tend much further. The extremities of the roots
supply the nourishment to the tree. Consequent-
ly the manure should be scattered evenly over
this circle. In orchards where the trees stand
thirty or forty feet apart, the whole ground should
be covered.
Trees seem to do well when the ground is rooted
by hogs. Itis doubtless poor economy to work
them, but if they are allowed to root, they des-
troy a great number of worms. In the spring of
the year put straw, or very coarse manure, in
small piles upon the ground, ofa sufficient thick-
ness to shade the ground, and keep it moist. The
worms will collect under this, The hogs will
soon learn to root over these piles, mixing them
with the soil, forming an excellent manure and
mulch, and destroying the worms which may have
collected under them. Mark D. Wittson.
‘West Bloomfleld, N, Y., 1859,
STRAWBERRIES,
Ens. Rurat New-Yorker:—Although the season
of strawberries has passed, we still retain the
charms of that first and finest of fruits. We must
not now forget them until another bearing season’s
return, for they must have annual attention to
produce annual crops.
As horticulturists differ so widely as to the best
varieties, and the best mode of cultivation, I pro-
pose publishing my experience, Have always had
what we believe is the /authois—found in all our
gardens—and during many years we cared for
them without the return of a single berry, while
some of our neighbors had fine returns. We
finally discovered staminate plants among beds of
successful amateurs, got some ourselyes, while
they were in bloom, and contiguous berries devel-
oped that season. During this time we had
Hovey's Seedling, with astaminate variety growing
near—only separated by an alley—but the Hau-
bois had never been impregnated by these, show-
ing that different varieties may not mix readily—
that certain hermaphrodite kinds may not impreg-
nate certain pistillate kinds. These two are all
the kinds we had until last summer, when the
bearing commenced of over twenty kinds “of all
the newest and best varieties,” received from C.
W. Seexye, Rochester Central Nurseries, who
Previously advertised in the Rurar. Our Hovey’s
Seedling appears to be the most trifling of berries,
being scarcely ag large a8 the Zarly Scarlet, more
sour, (so sour that nobody likes them,) and far in-
ferior in bearing. We certainly never had any
much over half an inch indiameter. We got them
from a nursery in this county some years ago,
when it was called the berry. Have we the right
Hovey's Seedling, or not?
Another interrogation a3 to Hooker's Seedling,
received from Rochester. They are pistil/ate, and
in every respect resemble Schneike’s Pistillate and
MeAvoy's Red—good bearers, but very sour and
tender, blunt, and of color, form, and habits of
our Hovey's Seedling, but larger. Is there a mis-
take in Hooker’s, or not? We call them compara-
tively poor for marketing or amateur purposes.
Experience teaches that the advice of Gxo. W.
Dean is wisdom:—“ Find what is best for your
soil and clintate, then plant them exclusively.”
Our soil we call upland, sandy clay—so clayey as
to need frequent stirring to keep mellow and moist;
will produce fair crops. Our ides of cultivation
pow isto ploot io rows six or eight feet apart,
with other trock between, the first year. Keep
free from weeds, and the next spring Gill these
Tows with good sets, and trim down and thin the
older rows from six to twelve inches wide, and afew
inches apart, After bearing, destroy these old
rows, these to be reset by vigorous plants the next
spring from the new rows, which may then be
called old; and afier bearing destroy as before.
It seems necessary that plants should be kept
vigorous and free from weeds,
Our earliest are, in order—Burr’s New Pine,
Jenny Lind, Monroe Scarlet, Large Early Scarlet,
Genesee, Ohio Mammoth, &c. Fest producers—
Willson’s Albany, Jenny Lind, L. EB. Scarlet,
Monroe Scarlet, Hooker's Seedling, ‘Triomphe de
Gande. Flavor—Scott’s Seedliog, Black Prince,
Walker's Seedling, Ingram’s Prince of Wales,
Burr's New Pine, &c.
We made outa list of the comparative merits
on nine qualifications of over twenty varieties,
which we would be glad to present to your readers,
as it differs materially from Horticultural Socie-
ties’ Reports, &c., in other sections of the Union.
Of course lists as to flavor, &c.,are very indefinite,
for some would report tobacco better than honey!
Our experience thus far teaches us to care inmost
for Jenny Lind, Scott's Seedling, Burr's New Pine,
Tromphe de Gand, Black Prince, Willson's Albany,
L. E. Scarlet, &c. A nurseryman of Salem Obio,
says his Burr’s New Pine is not early, but ripens
with Rival Hudson. Which is right? Let us
keep these matters straight as far ag Possible,
Ubrough the press, which should be a boon of in-
telligence and truth to all mankind. But we de-
spise long articles unless they are good!
East Fairfleld, O., 1859, T. &S, B. MoMitiay,
HOOKER STRAWBERRY.
Remarxs.—The Hooker is a large berry, nearly
as large as Hovey’s Seedling; the engraving shows
a medium sized specimen. Color, very dark,
shining red. Form, rather long, conical, some-
times flattened in large specimens, very rich and
high flavored, The plant is a vigorous grower,
hardy, and an abundant bearer, The flowers are
perfect. Thatis its character here,
EE
NUMBER OF PLANTS TO AN ACRE.
Eps. Runat New-Yorxer :—Will you be kind enough
to give your readers a table showing the number of
Plants contained on an acre at one foot apart, and so
onup to fifty feet? Such a table would be a great con-
venience, save a good deal of figuring, and some mis-
takes and false calculations. Youno Garprner,
Tue following table will be found correct and
useful, and should be sayed for reference:
DIS, APART,
1
ix
i
DIS, APART, —_—-NO. PLANTS.
T 7 ‘88s
2
2g
0 60,
8
8
PEAR TREE BLIGHT.
Eps. Runa New-Yorxer:—A correspondent, I
observe, is troubled with the bark blight of the
Pear tree. My pear trees being likewise diseased,
my remedy as practiced has been to underdrain
the land, make the soil lighter and more porous
about the roots, scrape off the black bark to that
which is alive, and wash the body repeatedly dur-
ing the summer with caustic soda wash or strong
soap suds, although caustic soda wash is the best.
Tn so doing I have had marked success in promot-
ing the health and vigor of the tree, and in the
perfection and quality of its fruit —S, N, Houwes,
Syracuse, N. ¥., Oct., 1859.
Remanxs.—About a year ago, while at Syracuse
attending the State Fair, we visited Mr, H.’s gar-
den, and must confess that we never saw anything
before that looked so much like curing the pear
blight without amputation. From many of the
trees the dead bark had been removed, and a new
and healthy bark had almost entirely covered the
wounds,
-+—______
Raisixa Squasues.—In a recent number of the
Ronat a contributor speaks of the grubs and bugs
that infest his vines, and inquires for a remedy.
Having been encroached upon in the same way,
among other remedies I sprinkled the vines a
number of times during the summer with whale
oil soap suds; with decided effect, and I think if I
had done soa few more times, I would have got
rid of the pests altogether. My neighbor, last
spring, who sells fresh fish in his market, had a
few his customers did not call for in season, and
getting stale, he put one or two under each hill of
his squashes, some four or five inches deep, and
now hus just gathered a splendid crop of squashes,
No bug or grub has presumed to touch his vines
the past season.—S. N. Houmes, Syracuse, N. ¥.
+2 —___<_
Taxe precautions to secure your trees from mice,
An hour's labor may saye many years of regret
COOKING BEEFSTEAK, CIDER PIE, &o.
Eps. Rurat New-Yorxer:—I noticed in your
valuable paper ® recipe for frying beefsteak which,
although very good, can, T think, be somewhat
bettered. My method is this:—Take a good, ten-
der steak, place it in a frying pan, add a teacup of
sweet milk aud set itover a slow fire, boil until
the milk is boiled away, then add a Piece of butter
and fry until done. Meat done in this way is no
only very tender, but very sweet and juicy. Try
Ciner Prs.—As the season for cider is at hand
Iwill send you a recipe for cider pie, which we
think is excellent:—One egg; 2 tablespoonfuls of
flour; 2 cups of boiled cider; 1 cup sugar—line a
deep dish with rich pie-paste, beat the egg and
flour together, then add the cider and sugar, stir
well and pour into the paste. Bake until done,
and you cannot fail to pronounce it extra.
Norrixcuam Popprya,—Take small-sized, tart
apples, pare them and remove the cores with the
point of a penknife, without breaking the apples,
cover the bottom of a pudding dish with them,
setting them on the end so that they may be filled
with batter, then make a batter with six eggs,
well beaten, as much sweet cream or milk as you
have eggs, a teaspoonful of salt, and flour enough
to make as thick as sponge cake. Cover the ap-
ples with this, then put another Inyer of apples
and more batter, continuing to do so until your
dish is filled, then bake until the apples are done
which you can ascertain by trying with a fork,—
Serve with any sauce you like. This pudding is
also good steamed. Lizzie.
Niles, Mich., 1859,
CAKES, PUDDINGS, &c.
Sroxoz Cake,—Three eggs; 8 tablespoons melted
butter; 1 cup of white sugar; 1 of flour; 1 tea-
spoon of cream tartar; 1 of soda,
Borrenuitx Poppixc.—One quart of good but-
termilk; 2 teaspoons of saleratus; 1 cup of mo-
lasses; 1 teaspoon of cinnamon; 14 teaspoon of
ginger; same of salt; thicken with meal to suit
yourself; 1 egg; scald the buttermilk.
Mrxore Puppixa.—One quart of sweet milk; 3
eggs. Beat the flour and eggs together, and stir
itallin your milk till thick enough for pudding,
Serve with sugar and cream. This equals the
best corn starch pudding.
To Resrore Sramwep Linen.—Rub the stain, on
each side, with wet brown soap; mix some starch
to a thick paste with cold water, and spread it
over the soaped places; then expose the linen to
the air. If the stain does not disappear in three
days, rub off the mixture, and repeat the process
with fresh soap and starch. Then dry it, wet it
with cold water, and wash.
Remepy ror A Bee Srina.—As quick as possible
slice an onion, and pound it till you start the
juice, then bind it on. Farnmen’s Davouter.
Eco Puppixo.—I send you a recipe, which you
may use if you please—perhaps some of the young
housekeepers who take your paper may like it.
‘To one quart sweet milk add six eggs, well beaten,
together with seven tablespoons of flour, and one
teaspoon of salt. Bring the milk toa boil; add
three spoonfuls (table) of cold sweet milk to the
flour and eggs; then tir all slowly into the boil-
ing milk, and (stirring all the time) let it boil one
minute; then pour into a wet dish or mould.
When cold, serve with rich, sweetened cream.
The dish being wet will enable it to be turned ont
nicely moulded into whatever shape you please.—
M.K. T.
Loar Caxe.—Six Ibs. of flour; 4 of sugar; 8
of butter; 6 eggs; 6 nutmegs; 144 Ibs. raisins;
l cup of good yeast.
Cream Caxe.—Two cups of cream; 2 of sugar;
4of flour; 8 eggs; 1 teaspoon of saleratus, nut-
meg or lemon,
Cooxtes.—Three cups of sugar; 1 of butter;
1 of cream ; 3 eggs; 1 teaspoon saleratus ; nutmeg.
Cur Caxe.—One cup of butter; 2 of sugar; 3
of flour; 4 eggs.—Mas, E. Paine, Orwell, Ohio.
A Remepy ror Cuitotars.—I noticed an inquiry
in the Rourat, from F, L., of Springport, Mich.,
for the cure of chilblains, I have tried lard skin,
and found it very beneficial. I have been badly
afflicted with them, and haye tried several reme-
dies, all of which proved worthless until I tested
the above, and, to my great relief, it proved effec-
tual. Isewed them on the inside of my stockings,
so as to cover the affected part, and, as long as I
wore them was not much troubled.—Susiz, Zwn-
bridge, Vt., 1859.
Vivecan Pir.—Take 1 large-sized cup of sugar;
1 do. of vinegar; s heaping tablespoonful of flour ;
a little lemon peel. This makes a good pie,
Bouev Cer Pre.—Will some reader of the
Rorau please inform me how to make Boiled
Cider Pie; also how to color soiled white kid
gloves, and oblige—Mantan, MceGrapville, NV. Y.
Citron ror Cake AND Pres,—As an answer to
an inquiry on this subject, I send the following
recipe:—Take the outside or solid part of common
melons, and boil in water until tender; then pre-
serve in sugar as for citron sauce ; dry on plates,
and pack in glass jars. The syrup can be used
for mince pies.
ee
Inp1an Breap.—I send you a good recipe for
Indian Bread—hope all your readers will try it:
‘Two cups sweet milk; 1 of sour cream, or butter-
milk; 2 eggs; 2 cups corn meal; 1 of flour; 1
teaspoon saleratus; 1 tablespoon sugar; a little
salt. Bake one hour—M., Za Grange, WV. ¥.,1859.
UNDER THE VIOLETS.
DY 0. W. HOLMEA.
Her hands are cold; her face is white;
No more her pulses come and go;
Her oyes are shut to life and light;
Fold the white vestures, enow on snow,
And lay her where the violets blow.
But vot beneath a graven atone,
‘To plead for teara with alien eyes;
A slender cross of wood alone ;
Shall say that bere a maiden lies
In peace benoath the peaceful skies.
And gray old trees of hugest immb
Shail wheel thofr circling shadows round
To make tho scorching eunlight dim
‘That drinks the greenness from the ground,
And drop thoir dead feaves on her mound.
When o'er their boughs tho squirrels ran,
‘And through their leaves the robins call,
And ripening in the autumn sun,
‘The acorns and the chestnuts fall,
Doubt not that she will heed them all
For her the morning choir shall sing
Its matins from the branches high,
‘And every minstrel-voice of spring,
‘That trills beneath the April sky,
Shall greet her with its earliest cry.
‘When, turning round their dial track,
Eustward tho lengthening shadows pass,
Her little mourners, clad in black,
The crickets, sliding through the grass,
Shall pipe for her an evening mass,
At last the rootlets of the trees
Shall find the prison where she Iles,
And bear the buried dust they seize
In leaves and blossoms to the skies—
So may the soul that warmed it rise!
If any, born of kindlier blood,
Should ask, What maiden lies below?
Say only this: A tender bud,
That tried to blossom in the snow,
Lies withered where the violets blow.
[Adantlo Monthly.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
THE SOCIAL DEMON.
Tue white head-stones of yonder quiet grave-
yard mark the silent resting-place of many whom
we knew and loved in life, and the snow wreath
lies lightly above the tiny form of childhood, the
prouder, stronger, beauty of riper years, and the
locks growa white with fullness of days ere the icy
hand of death led them to the gate through whose
portals none ever return. We stand beside the
coffin and the open grave, and lift not hand nor
yoice in opposition, because we know that One
mightier than we has appointed to ail “once to
die.” But a darker doom than this palsies the
limbs, and dims the eye of strong and vigorous
' youth. The mother, sister, wife, who watches
tearfully the death seal as it gathers on the brow
of the beloved, crushes within the depths of her
own aching heart the fearful thought that one
day she may stand beside the death-bed of that
dear one, almost with a feeling of relief. She can
then thank Gop that He has removed from her
path the blight that made her once faircheek grow
pale, her voice low and sad, and the laugh that
rang so merrily in other days, a stranger to her
lips and her heart forever.
The Social Demon,— can you not read its name,
its terrible history, in the sparkling cup that the
careless, unthinking youth raises to his lips?
Often-times the glittering poison is unpleasant, is
even nauseating to the taste, but boon-compan-
ions drain the glass, and he may merely taste it.
Beside, (I know you will not confess it openly
young man, yet you are aware that it is none the
less true,) there are few, very few, who are not
sadly lacking in moral courage, They would not
hesitate to avenge an insult, no matter how great
the opposition,—they would not shrink from any
act that requires merely animal courage,— but
when this dashing friend, this pleasant compan-
ion, offers the brightly-tinted goblet, how can they
refuse. They dare not stand up like men and say
to the tempter as their Master said to the Evil
Spirit, “Get thee bebind me, Satan.”
“He'll never be a drunkard—he, so strong in the
pride of his young manhood become the wretched,
brutalized" apology for the name of man.” Take
care, faves as fuir ond forms as active as yours
have lain upon o drunkard’s death-bed,— gone
down toadrupkard’sgrave. You have not passed
so blindly through the world that you have seen
no instance of this, —they are on every side, and
what surety haye you, that such may not be your
fate? “Ob, I don’t drink enough to hurt me,”
You see not its effects now, but you surely will,
That poor, helpless being, was once only 4 mode-
rate drinker,—doubtless he has often made the
same plea. Do you think he drinks enough to
hurthim now? Goto his wretched home andask that
pale, care-worn woman, ifin that bloated face there
remains one trace of the manly beauty which won
her maiden heart, and made her thrice blessed in
the husband of her youth. Ask that little child,—
old far beyond her years, in looks and acts,—why
she shrinks with fear and trembling as ber listen-
ing ear catches the echo of the unsteady footsteps
If she can, for her tears, she may tell you, per-
hops, of @ father’s love cast upon the fearful shrine
of intemperance, and ofa father’s curse,—the only
inheritance of adrunkard’s child. Yet that man’s
youth promised as fair as yours, but the Social
Demon wound its loathsome clasp around him,
and as well might you turn the river from its
source as attempt to stay, at this late hour, his
head-long race to destruction,
We are all aware how strong any habit may
become julgence, and how few inducements
there are for the moderate drinker to refrain from
his cups,—save those which his own heart ang
reason digtate, —and how many to continue on in
evil, Saloons of the worst description, although
MOORK’S RURAL NEW-YORKEER.
often most attractive, open their demon arms at
every step, and many wait to entice the uowary
into the path which once trodden is seldom
deserted.
Custom and society sanction this wholesale
murder of body and soul, but the persons who
wink at trifing excesses, and smile sweetly upon
moderate votsries of the intoxicating cup, will be
the first to desert its victim when be allows the
demon to gain the ascendancy, and the wisely
judging world pronounces the, at one time, much
courted companion, that degraded thing—s drunk-
ard. Like him of old these summer friends pass
by on the othe rside,and bestow their approbation
upon tho individual who, regardless of every-
thing but gain, “maketh his neighbor drunken,”
enriching himself with the ‘dirty shillings,” taken
in exchange for that which draws down upon his
fellow the anger of Him who has said, ‘no drunk-
ard sball inberit the Kingdom of Heaven.”
Attica, N. ¥., 1859, Onana.
to.
WHY DON’T LADIES LEARN TO COOK?
Ox all sides we bear complaicts of the difficulty
of finding, and of retaining when found, a cook
who can roast a leg of mutton, and make batter~
pudding or pea-soup. In point of fact, we have
heard of ladies who have it in serious contempla-
tion to dispense with servants altogether, as the
least troublesome alternative. Without wishing
matters carried quite so far, we are convinced
that many of our fair friends would lose nothing,
either in point of respectability or happiness,
while they could add st least one-third to the
effective incomes of their husbands, if they were
to spend a little more time in theirkitchens, super-
intending the preparation of the family dinner,
instead of contenting themselves with ordering it
—if, indeed, they condescend to do even that,
Some forty years back, ladies were driven to
shoemaking as a fashionable way of killing time.
Why not try a little cooking? Thanks to the
modern stoves, with their nicely-arranged skillets
and stew-pans, which science and mechanical skill
have substituted for the blazing kitchen hearth of
other days, young ladies of the nineteenth century,
just passing its prime, may cook without soiling
their fingers, orinjuring theircomplexions. Were
it not so, we would not recommend them to cook.
We would rather live on bread and cheese all the
days of our lives.
It will be said, perhaps, that our notions with
regard to female education and employment,
are too antiquated; that in these matters, as in
everything else, a new era has dawned, and the
Solid course of instruction now given in colleges
for ladies will be triumphantly appealed to,
Ladies, however, who possess these solid acquire-
ments—who, like Lady Jane Grey, prefer Plato to
a pic-nic—will be least likely to neglect the econ-
omy of the kitchen. They will thorougbly under-
stand the dignity of employment, and call to mind
all the poetry of cooking. To say nothing of the
dinner which Milton describes Eve as preparing,
when ‘‘on hospitable thought intent,” there are
the Homeric banquets at which kings literally
“killed their own meat,” and at which queens
and princesses turned the spit for the Toasting, or
drew the water and chopped the wood for the
boiling. Cooking is classical, and no lady will
disdain to take part in it who has read of these
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
NATURE'S PiCTURE-GALLERY.
DY AMY sUSMEES.
Wro reared th\s ball—the paintings dyod?
What purpose did the pencil movet
Oar Pather, buman minds to gaide
Unto the jofuie Source of love,
More splendid ‘sis than esstern dome,
Which, brilliant, dezztos those who gazo;
OF mosque, Whose count/ces min’rets loom
Till drowned tn floods of pearly haze,
‘Tho cofling silver-sprinkled blae,
Arched perfeotly by skill Divine,
With walls of varied emerald buo,
And carpets wrought io rose and vine,
At morn, Sol bathes it in bis tight,
And warma {t with bis gonial ray—
A thousand golden Iamps at night
Hang from the yaulted canopy.
Listen! for musto’s varied chime
Comes floating "long tho temple aisles,
‘New in a touader-tono sublimo—
Now swoet and puro as angel smiles,
T love to tread this grand old hall,
Hullowed by steps of ages past,
Stady the plotares on its wall—
Piotures by Masten Antist cast—
Of forests whioh have braved the atorms
Of centuries, atill tow'ring high,
E’en to the moss and flow’ret germs,
Which, child-like, on Earth’s bosom lie,
Thero, through the leaflets, shimmors white,
Bilv’ry water decked with curls
Of foam which glimmer to the light
Like royal Curoratna’s pearis, .
Fishes are gamb'liog in the wayo,
Care-free they skim the surface o'er,
Then, diving ‘neath, tholr jowols lave,
Naught sighing for the verdant shore,
See yonder ollff, whose craggy sides,
Strewn thick with sombre, jutting rocks,
Tang dilzzly o'er caverns wide,
Where mystic nymph her treasure locks,
Songsters with plumes of rarest dye,
In rural fanes are gathered now,
Pouring their bird-notes to the sky,
Aa if tho grateful heart to bow.
‘There in the back-ground waving fair
Aro flelds with treasure richly lade;
Here prairic-billows dance in air,
While flowers gay its bosom ride,
The Antist guards His plotures well;
Time's dosty flagera touch them not—
Ages roll on, and still they tell,
“The Antisr never hath forgot.” >
A lesson beautiful they teach—
If He forsake His pictures never,
His infoite care will surely reach
Those for whose sake He paints them evor,
Rochester, Mich , 1859,
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
TRUE HONOR.
Tus desire for honor is natural to man, and
feasts in the original Greek. Let it be observed
that it is the middle and working classes on
whom we wish to urge the importance of the
study. A gentleman's daughter can afford to
be go ignorant of common things as not to be willing to fill earth with the lamentations of
able to recognize chickens in a poultry yard,| widows and orphans, if they may but fill the
because they do not ran about with a liver under
alittle go a great w:
a thousand cares.
pear perfidious himself.
tongue or discontented brow?
receive and hush his cares to rest.
in nature so fascinating an object a5 a faithful,
tender and affectionate wife,
—<—<§_ +o.
13 me Rict ?—Many a heart is broken, many a
life is rendered miserable, by the terrible infatua- nothing but infamy upon him who is cursed with
tion which parents often evince in choosing a life it; and many of earths’ intellectual giants have
companion for their daughters. How is it possi- gained for themselves only an immortality of
ble for happiness to result from the union of two| shame. Who, that hus not devested bimscif of
principles as diametrically opposed to each other every noble emotion, can look with any other
as is virtue to vice? And yet, how often is wealth feeling than that of disgust upon the man of talent
considered o better recommendation to a young | perverting his powers of mind to the service of the
man than virtue! Hov often is the first question | evil one? Who ever felt any real esteem for
which is asked respecting a suitor of a daughter, | Byrox? Thousands haye read and praised his
“Ishe rich?” Is he rich? Yes, he abounds in works, because in them they find apologies for
wealth! but does that afford any evidence that he | their vices; but at the same time they could not
will make a good husband? Isherich? Yes, he help despising the poetin their hearts, Had Vor-
has thousands floating on every ocean; but do not | rarne’s talents been used aright, they might have
riches some sometimes take to themselves wings | made him the favorite of the virtuous and the in-
and fly away? and will you consent that your telligent, but their peryertion robbed him of the
daughter shall marry a man who has nothing to | esteem of all whose praise was worth gaining,
recommend him but his wealth?—Ah? beware—| Mere Genius cannot, then, confer true honor upon
the gilded bate sometimes covers the barbed hook. | its possessor.
Ask not if he has wealth, but if he has honor.
ee —
Kinp words are the brightest flowers of earth’s | it in his life. The philanthropist and the patriot,
existence; they make a paradise of the humblest | may not be tho favorites of their own age. They
home the world can show,
whether that desire shall be a blessing or a curse,
depends upon our views in regard to what consti-
tutes true honor. Ambition is a vice or a virtue,
according to its object. Many expect to derive
honor faom military achievements. They are
mouths of their fellow-mortals with their praise.
one Wing and a gizzard under the other, though | And they often gain their object. A large portion
our modern poultry shows, it must be confessed,
will tend much to dissipate this error. A know]-
edge, however, of the art of cooking is of more
importance to the wives of the laboring popula-
tion than to those of the middle classes, because of thousands, be sought after by a noble mind ?—
it is the art, when properly cultivated, of making
y-—Godey’s Lady Book,
of the labor of the historian is expended in record-
ing the deeds of heroes, But do they gain true
honor? Can the fame that results from the oyer-
throw of empires and the blasting of the happiness
As the world progresses in virtue, the hero will
receive less and less praise, until there will come
a time when he will cease to be worshiped by the
Rerrections ox Mannrage.—Theleading features | populace. Robbed of the false glare that is now
in the character of a good woman are mildneas, | thrown around him, by poets and historians, he
complaisance and equanimity of character. The| shall become the object of the world’s detesta-
man, if he be a provident husband, is immersedin | tion. Reader, do you desire such a fame—a fame
His mind is agitated, his mem- | that is only significant of igncrance and disgrace?
ory loaded and his body fatigued. He retires
from the battle of the world, chagrined perbaps| withit? Surely the souof genius cannot be desti-
by disappointment, angry at insolent and perfidi- | tute of an enviuble reputation, The possessor of
ous people, and terrified lest his unavoidable con- 4 superior intellect, when his mental powers are
nections with such people should make him 4p-| properly employed, is an honor to his country.
Is this the timo for the| The genius of Pascan reflects more true credit
wife of his bosom, his dearest and most intimate upon France than all the victories of Naroteon.
friend, to add to his yexations, to increase the Newron has spread more glory upon England than
fever of an overburdened mind, by & contentious | all the heroes to whom she ever gave birth, Per-
Business, in the haps Danre’s immortal poem has done more to
most prosperous state, is full of anxiety and tur- perpetuate the fame of Florence than all the wealth
moil. Oh! how dear to the memory of man is| that once made her the mart of trade and com-
the wife who clothes her face in smiles, who uses| merce; and. Bryant's poetry may be read in a
gentle expressions, and who makes her Jap soft to] hundred climes, when the names of Cerero Gordo
There is not] and Monteray shall have faded from the memories
But does not literary fame bring true honor
ofmen,. All honor to the virtuous man of genius.
He is one of the noblest gifts that heaven ever
bestows upon our race,
But genius used to pervert mankind, confers
True honor bolongs only to the good man. All
men admire virtue and respect him who exhibits
may even arouse the anger of their contempo-
raries by their opposition to the desires of the
populace, and their denunciations of rice, Stil,
in their boars of sober thought, the most vicious
cannot bat respect them— while time shail wipe
from their characters every stain that envy or
malice has attempted to fix upon them, Man's
highest henor, however, is derived from the favor
of heaven, and this belongs to every good man.
It confers upon all who seek it a nobler heritage
than thrones and coronets ever gave to their
possessors, 8. L. Leovann,
Batler, Wis., 1859.
a Se
POWER OF THE BEAUTIFUL,
Tuer is another important power that the
instructor should call to his aid, and that is the
power of the beautifal. A more important ele-
ment in the formation of character than this the
teacher has not within his command, for all that
is éruly beautiful is truly good, and upon it rests
the basis of all character worth possessing. The
whole human species acknowledge its power in
some form. From the monarch on his throne to
the wild Indian of the forest, its power is felt and
Sought after; but what o poor idea do they con-
ceive of it, and how sadly and sometimes how
miserably do they attempt to expreas it. With
the lowest of the human species this power ceases,
The brute knows nothing of the forms of beauty
or of ornament. The glorious trees that spread
their floral crowns above his head attract no admi-
ration. The silken-petaled flowers beneath his
feet are less to him than the ugly weed from which
he wins ao savory morsel.
And so with the lower orders of human life,
The minds that are most allied to the brute have
little or no love of the truly beautiful; and
wherever we cultivate this loye, we cultivate the
higher nature of man, For beauty, symmetry,
harmony, are only forms of that perfect unison
and completeness which is the great aim of tho
Creator; and an sppreciation of the beautiful is
in some degree necessary to a fall comprehension
of the charm of virtue, or the power of truth,
That outer garden of earthly beauty with which
God has surrounded us, is but the symbol of that
inner garden of the heart which he has command-
ed us to cultivate to its fullest perfection for our-
selves, and to teach its culture to those who are
placed under our charge. We all know the en-
nobling effects of this love of the beautiful, and
the love of virtue and the love of God that is
called out by it; and te some extent we are adding
this power to the means used for the culture of the
young. There is nothing that so shows the gleam-
ing Jove of the great All-Father as the wondrous
beauty with which the earth is spread. Without
this bond, what are we? What is the bond that
binds ns to virtue and truth? Let us cultivate it
then, not only by surrounding our school room
yards and walls by beautiful objects, but by teach-
ing the mind as well as the eye to look into and
appreciate them, When the mind of the student
is weary with his efforts at some dry study—some
Science into whose dark chambers he sees but
dimly—call him aside with you to listen to the
flowers while they whisper of that love and har-
mony that formed all nature, and underlies all
science, and he will turn back refreshed and
strengthened, feeling that even tho iron gate
through which be must enter is carved and hewn
into forms of beauty. Not only moral but mental
strength has been imparted to him, and he is
better able to battle with difficulties in his way up
the hill of science, for the time spent in the more
lovely and delightful walks of nature,
“ For sure of all that {n this mortal frame,
Contained is, naught more divine doth ecem,
Or that resembleth more the immortal flame
Of heavenly light than beauty’s glorious beam.”
The student who finds no echo in his heart for
the beautiful is a student to be feared. If that
principle cannot be awakened into activity, what
else may be taught him will but add tenfuld power
to the discordant elements within him.—Pres. Arey,
WHERE THE STRENGTH LIES?
Wuenre is the strength and safety of a people?
Is it in their multitude? Look at Durope, and be-
hold the million the sport of the few—look at the
nations and races, trampled by a tithe of their
numbers in the dust—look at the myriad slaves
whom a thousand tyrants and taskmen scourge in
the fields, and campsand dungeons. The strength
of a people is not alone in multitudes. Is it inthe
power of revolutions and massacres, or in the bay-
onets they can fling to the gleam of the sun? Did
bayonets save Rome— did they save Poland, and
Hungary, and France, and Germany to the people?
The strength und safety of a people lie in dheir
knowledge of their rights, and their union in de-
Fense of them, Yguorant and disunited, the great-
er the danger ofa people. They fall upon and de-
stroy themselves, In their hands bayonets become
suicidal. Give a people a true knowledge of them-
selyes, and no power can oppose them. Liberty
comes with intelligence, and the unarmed, intelli-
gent million are strenger than ignorant, armed
millions, The strength of the American people
lies least in the number of their cannon and most
in their school-houses, newspapers and books.—
These are indestructible weapons, to which age
adds knowledge and might;—and armed with
these, we are safer and stronger than soils brist-
ling with murderous steel, Armed with these,
millions lean together, and strike mightily, but
bloodlessly as one man, through the ballot-box:
—‘ a wenpon suror yet,
And mighter than the bayonet;
A weapon that comes down as still,
As snow-flakes full upon the sod,
And exeoutes a freeman’s will,
As lightnings do tho will of God!”
=. eee SS Eee
Dreps.—Deeds are greater than words. Deeds
have such a life, mute, but undeniable, and grow
as living trees and fruit trees do; they people the
vacuity of time, and make it green and worthy.
Why should the oak prove logically that it ought
to grow and will grow? Plant it, try it; what
gifts of diligent, judicious assimilation ond secre-
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
SWEET HOURS,
BY LIBBY NBA
To mo those aro the eweotest hours
Lever knew,
When wand’ring ‘brongh the enchanted bowers
Of friendship true,
When, 'mid a group of chosen ones,
T plainly spoke
My honest thonghts, in kindly tones,
Without a cloak—
When they, with frankness, in roturn,
‘Their feelings told—
O, those are hours I would not spurn
For stores of gold!
How kindred spirits eweetly blend
In barmony,
‘When they, around the fireside, spend,
In unity,
The happy wintry evening—when
Tho blast without
Is chilling, pleroing—then, O, then,
Must vanish doubt—
Or when, in some secinded nook,
Woe there would read—
Wonld turn the leaves of Mem'ry’s book,
And o’er them brood—
Would note with care each time-worn page
‘That bears the namo
Of friends who are treading iifo’s rough stage,
(Perchance, to fame;)
Or when we ramble by the side
Of those we love,
To gather flowers that, nestling, hide
*Neath leaves above,
0, where can sweeter Joya bo found
Than these bespeak?
Thongh earth with these and mors abound,
Still are they weak
Compared to those which Heaven bestows
On faithful ones
Who seoks to rise, wherever glows
Suniight from the throne,
Ab, yes! those bours are happler yet
Than Earth employs,
‘When 'neath the sacred desk we eit
’Mid Heavenly Joys,
And dream of sacred hours of bliss
And purity,
Ina fair world remote from this—
In yon bright sky.
And blessed, too, those hours of prayer
When communion sweet
We have, and every burden bear
To th’ mercy seat
When to our Maker's pationt ear
Our woes we tell,
Assured that /7e alone can hear,
And that Ze only will.
Northville, Mich., 1859,
——
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
THE EXISTENCE OF GOD,
“Tur fool hath said in his heart, there {s no Gop."—
Psalms 14: 1,
Tuus sentence seems to be applicable to many of
the present age. It can be applied quite appro-
priately to that class of persons who endeavor, by
unceasing effort and the use of dishonorable means,
to accumulate wealth, They make it their great
object to become rich in earthly possessions, for-
getting that time will soon cut them off, and they
must leaye all behind. They have said in their
hearts, “‘ There is no Gop,”—no one to reward the
good, or punish the wicked.
How terrible must be the feelings of the Atheist
on the bed of death. He cannot look forward wtth
the fond hope of beholding Jesus and dwelling for-
ever in his presence,—all is darkness to him. He
struggles with death, and passes away without
hope and without Carisr.
All nature declares the existence of Gop. The
whole universe beurs the stamp of a First Cause,
infinitely wise and powerful. Every plant, and
every atom on the face of the globe, bears witness
of a Deity. We cannot look upon even a spider’s
web, or theant’s granaries, withoutacknowledging
that there is a higher being than acreature, who
has implanted this genius in them. When welook
upon a garment, we know there has been a weay-
er; when we see houses and ships, we understand
there has been a carpenter and an architect; when
we look upon the solar system, we know there is
aGov. We might as well doubt that there is
sun, when we witness its dazzling rays, as to
doubt there is a God when we see his mighty
works.
The existence of a Gop has been acknowledged
by all nations, and in all ages. However barbar-
ous or profligate they have been, they have con-
fessed a Higher and more Infinite Being than man,
It is folly for any to shut their eyes and stop their
ears, and attribute those things to chance which
nothing but a Being infinitely wise and powerful
could effect.
The last moments of the dying Christian furoish
another and a powerful argument. His death is
like the morning star which goeth not down inthe
darkness, but melts aivay in celestial brightness.
He leaves this world with the solemn assurance
that he will go to a better, where he will be at the
right hand of Jesus, singing His praise forever.
Guilford, Medina Co., 0., 1859. J. A. ObanK.
--¢—______
Wanr or Sysparny.—The immense defect the
want of sympathy is, may be strikingly seen in
the failure of the many attempts that hare been
made in all ages to construct the Cristian charac-
ter, omitting sympathy, It has produced numbers
of people, walking up and down one narrow plank
of self-restraint, pondering over their own merits
and demerits, keeping out, not the world exactly,
but their fellow creatures from their hearts, and
caring only to drive their neighbors before them,
on this plank of theirs, or to push them headlong,
Thus with mapy virtues, and much hard work, at
the formation of character, we have had splendid
tion it has of progress and resistance, of force to
grow, will then declare themselyes.— Carlyle.
bigots or censorious small people,— Friends in
Council.
SIR JOUN FRANKLIN'S PATE ASCERTAINED.
RETUEN OF LADY FRANKLIN'S EXPEDITION.
For more than two bundred years the attention
of the principal nations of Europe bas been di-
rected to the Arctic regions. Of this cold clime,
locked in everlasting ice, little was known, aod
that litUe so strange, so romantic, as to excite &
strong desire for farther knowledge. Expeditions
of hardy and courageous adveptarers, aided and
encouraged by Governments, Geographical and
otber Associations, have from time to time been
sent on perilous voyages of discovery to these
inhospitable s and shores. The earliest at-
tempts to navigate the Arctic seas were indaced
by the bope of finding a north-west passage to
the East Indies, a problem that for a long time
engaged the attention of the commercial world,
but as the hope of any practical advantage io this
direction decreased, the love of science—the
desire to add to the sum of human knowledge—
was found quite sufficient to induce men of science
snd courage to peril their lives in this hazardous
work. The extension of trade in oils and furs,
the principal products of the polar regions, how-
ever, was one of the objects sougbt and gained by
these expeditions. Of late years eur own country-
men haye taken an active share in these perilous
adventures, impelled partly by love of excitement,
partly from hope of profit in the whale and seal
fisheries,
Among tho noted adventurers in these regions
may be mentioned the names of Purrrs, Desunew,
Beneina, Brevines, Vancouver, Fornisuer, Bar-
pix, Barkow, Paany, Ross anp Frankuin. Frank-
un sailed from England on the 20th of May, 1845,
with 128 men and two ships, the /rebus and Zorror.
The expedition was not expected home, nor were
tidings expected from it, until thé close of the
year 1847, but when that time arrived without
bringing any intelligence, the public became
alarmed for its safety. Since that time, the expe-
ditions to the Arctic have been undertaken with
higher and holier motives,—the desire to rescue,
if possible, these noble men from their icy prison
house. In 1848 three expeditions were sent by
the British Government in search of Frankuin; in
1850 three more were sent out by the Government,
beside two by Lady Franxuin, two by public sub-
scription, and one by Henry Grinnet of New
York. Franxuin's first winter quarters were
found, but nothing more. Ino 1852 Sir Epwarp
Beever sailed from Kogland, in search of him,
with five vessels, and Commander Dayreriei.p
with a screw steamer. In 1853 Dr. Kane went
out as commander of the second Grinnell Expedi-
tion; Lady Frankurn sent a steamer and sailing
vessel; Dr, Ras started for a second exploration
of Boothis, and two vessels were sent in aid of
Sir Epwanv Betcnen. In 1854 Dr. Raw heard
from Esquimaux a story of forty white men sledg-
ing toward the south, near King William's Land,
in the spring of 1850, and later, of thirty white
corpses and some graves on the continent, and
five corpses, considerably eaten, on an island a
few miles to the north-west of the mouth of Back’s
River. Dr. Rae found telescopes, guns, and
watches among thenatlves. Mr. ANpenson visited
the island in 1855, and found many articles, but
no bodies. THe was unable to reach the principal
scene of disaster. The fate of Sir Jouy remained
a mystery until the discovery of M'Curtock, of
which we give a full account, with a portrait of
Sir Joun Frankcix, and a view of Winter Quar-
tera in the Arctic Region.
The London Zimes, from which we copy, Capt.
M’Cuixtock’s Report, says—“Tho Fox screw
discovery vessel, Capt. M’Cuintocx, R, N., which
had been sent to the Arctic Regions, at the ex-
pense of Lady Franxuin, to discover traces of the
missing expedition, arrived off the Isle of Wight
on Wednesday, Sept. 21. On landing, Capt.
M'Gxtxtock at once came on by train for London,
bringing with him two cases containing relics of
the long- missing expedition of Sir Joun Frankiin,
The following are copies of original papers left
by Sir Jomx Franxury, and found by Capt.
M’Cuinrock on Prince of Wales Island :
— of May, 1847.
Hor Mojesty’s ships Erebus and Terror wintered in
the ive in jut, 70 deg. 5 min, lon, 93 3 min. W.
Huying wintered in 1846-7 at Beeohey Island, in Jat
TA deg. 43 minules 2S seo. N.,91 deg. 89 min. 15 seo, W.,
a(ler aacending Wellington Channel to lat 77 deg., and
rolurnivg by thé wost side of Cornwallis Islaud.
Bis Joun Fuaxxk in,
All well. Oommanaing Expedition.
Waoovor finda this paper is requested to forward it
to the Secretary of the Admiralty, London, with a note
of the time and place at whioh it was found, or, 1 more
convenient, to deliver it fur thut purpose to the British
Consul at the nearest port,
‘The same in French,
The same in Spanish,
The same tn Duten,
‘The same to Danish,
‘The same in German.
Left the ships Monday the 25un of May, 1847, the
party consisting of two officers and six men,
G. M. Gone, Lieutenant.
Cras, F. Des Vax, Mate,
‘Tho words “ Wintored in 1546-47 at Beconey Island,”
should be “fn 1845-46,” o5 In 1846-47 they wero bDoset
in the ice, and the ships abandoned in April, 1848, The
S4m6 miatuke Occurs im both papers,
Admiralty, Sept. 22,
We give in full the report of Capt. M’Cx1xrock,
after the first winter, in which nothing of general
interest occurred.
CAPTAIN M’'CLINTOCK’S REFORT TO THE
ADMIRALTY.
The Fox effected her escape ont of the main
pack in Davis’ Straits, in lat, pty deg. N., on 25th
April, 1868, after a winter's ice drift of 1/194 geo-
graphical miles, The small settlementof Holstein-
borg was reached on the 28th, and such very
scanty supplies obtained as the place afforded.
On May Sth our voyage was recommenced;
Godbayen and Uppernavik visited, Melville Bay
entered early in June, and crossed to Cape York
by the 26th. Here some natives were communi-
cated with. They immediately recognized Mr.
Peterson, our interpreter, formerly known to
them in the Grinnell expedition, under Dr. Kane.
Tn reply to our inquiries for the Esquimaux dog
driver “Hans,” left behind from the Advance in
1558, they told us that he was residing at Whale
Sound. Had he been there I would most gladly
have embarked him, as his longing to return to
South Greenland continues unabated.
On the 19th July communicated with the Cape
Warrender natives, near Cape Horsburgb, they
bad not seen any ships since the visit of the
Pbeenix in 1854, nor have any wrecks ever drifted
upon their shores.
It was not until 27th July that we reached
Pond’s Inlet owing to a most unusual prevalence
of ice in the northern portion of Buflin’s Bay, and
which rendered our progress since leaving Hol-
steinborg one of increasing struggle. Without
steam power we could have done nothing. Here
only one old woman and a boy were found, but
they served to pilot us up the inlet for 25 miles,
when we arrived at their village. For sbout a
week we were in constant and most interesting
communication with these friendly people—
Briefly, the information obtained from them was,
tbat nothing whatever respecting the Franklin
expedition had come to their knowledge, nor bad
any wrecks within the last 20 or 30 years reached
their shores.
‘The remains of three wrecked ships are known
to them; two of these appear to have been the
whalers Dexterity and Aurora, wrecked in
August, 1521, seventy or eighty miles southward
of Pond’s Inlet. The third vessel, now almost
buried in the sand, lies a few miles east of Cape
Hay. This people communicate overland every
winter with the tribes at Iglook. They all knew
of Parry’s ships having wintered there in 1822-3,
and had heard of late years of Dr. Rac’s visit to
Repulse Bay, describing his boats as similar to
our whaleboat. aud his party as living io tents,
within snow-houses, smoking pipes, shooting
reindeer, &c. None died. They remained there
only one winter.
No rumor of the lost expedition has reached
them. Within Pond’s Inlet the natives told us
the ice decays away every year, but so long as any
remain’ whales abound. Several large whales
were seen by us, and we found among the natives
a considerable quantity of whalebone and many
norwhals’ horns, which they were anxious to
barter for knives, files, saws, rifles, and wool;
they drew us some rude charts of the inlet, show-
ing that it expands into an extensive channel
looking westward into Prince Regent's Inlet.
We could not but regret that none of our own
whaling friends—from whom we had recently re-
ceived so much kindness—were here to profit by
so favorable an oppportunity. Leaving Pond’s
Inlet on the 6th August, we reached Beechey
Island on the 11th, and landed a handsome
marble tablet, sent on board for this purpose by
Lady Franklin, bearing an appropriate inscription
to the memory of our lost countrymen in the
Erebus and Terror,
The provisions and stores seemed in perfect or-
der, but a small boat was much damaged from
haviog been turned over and rolled along the
beach by astorm. The roof of the house received
some necessary repairs. Having embarked some
cosl and stores we stood in need of, and touched
at Cape Hotham on the 16th, we sailed down Peel
Strait for 25 miles on the 17th, but finding the re-
mainder of this channel covered by unbroken ice,
I determined to make for Bellot Strait on the 19th
of August, examined into supplies remaining at
Port Leopold, and left there a whale-boat, which
we brought away from Cape Hotham for the pur-
pose, so as to aid us in our retreat should we be
obliged eventually to abandon the Fox. The
steam launch had been forced higher up on the
beach, and somewhat damaged by the ice. Prince
Regent’s Inlet was unusually free from ice; but
very little was seen during our run to Brentford
Bay, which we reached on the 20th of August.—
Bellot Strait, which communicates with the west-
ern sea, averages one mile in width by 17 or18
miles in length. At this time it was filled with
drift ice, but as the season advanced became per-
fectly clear; its shores are in many places faced
with lofty granite cliffs, and some of the adjacent
hills rise to 1,600 feet; the tides are very strong,
running six or seven knots at the springs. On
the 6th of September we passed Bellot Strait
without obstruction, and secured the ship to fixed
ice across its western outlet. From here, until
the 27th, when I deemed it necessary to retreat
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YOREER.
SIR JOHN FRANKLIN.
Oar wintering position was at the east entrance
to Bellot Strait, in a snug harbor, which I have
named Port Kennedy, after my predecessor in
these waters, the commander of one of Lady
Franklin's former searching expeditions. Al-
thongh vegetation was tolerably abundant, and
our two Esquimaux hunters, Mr. Peterson, and
several sportsmen, constantly on the alert, yet the
resources of the country during eleven months
ond a half only yielded us eight reindeer, two
bears, eighteen seals, anda few water fowl and
ptarmigan,
The winter was unusually cold and stormy.—
Arrangements were completed during the winter
for carrying out our intended plan of search; I
felt it to be my duty personally to visit Marshal
Island, and in so doing proposed to complete the
circuit of King William Island.
To Lieut. Hobson I allotted the search of the
western shore of Boothia to the magnetic pole,
and from Gateshead Island westward to Wyn-
niatt’s furthest. Capt. Allen Young, our sailing
master, was to trace the shore of Rrince of Wales
Land, from Browne's furthest; and also to exam-
ine the const from Bellot Strait northward, to Sir
James Rae's furthest.
Early Spring journeys were commenced on the
17th of February, 1859, by Capt’ Young and my-
self, Capt. Young carrying his depot across to
Prince of Wales Land, while I went southward,
toward the magnetie pole, in the hope of commu-
nicating with the Bsquimaux, and obtaining such
information as might lead us at once to the object
of our search,
Iwas accompanied by Mr, Peterson, our inter-
preter, and Alexander Thompson, quartermaster.
We had with us two sledges drawn by dogs. On
Feb. 28, when near Cape Victoria, we had the
good vortune to meet a small party of natives,
and were subsequently visited by about forty-five
individuals.
For four days we remained in communication
with them, obtaining many relics, and the infor-
mation that several years sgo a ship was crushed
by the ice off the north shore, off King William
Island, but that all her people landed safely, and
went away tothe Great Fish River, where they
died. This tribe was well supplied with wood,
obtained, they said, from a boat left by the white
men on the Great River,
We reached our vessel after 25 days’ absence,
in good health, but somewhat reduced by sharp
marching and the unusually severe weather to
which we had been exposed. For several days
after starting the mercury continued frozen.
snow village contamming about 30 inhabitants.—
They gathered about us without the slightest ap-
pearance of fear or shyness, although none had
ever seen living white people before. They were
most willing to communicate all their knowledge,
and barter all their goods, but would have stolen
everything had they not been closely watched.
Many more relics of our countrymen were obtain-
ed—we could not carry away all we might have
purchased, They pointed to the inlet we had
crossed the day before, and told us that one day’s
march up it, and from thence four days overland,
brought them to the wreck.
None of these people had been there since 1857-
8, at which time they said but little remained,
their countrymen having carried away almost
everything.
Most of our information was received from an
intelligent old woman, She said it was in the
fall of the year that the ship was forced ashore.—
Many of the white men dropped by the way, as
they went toward the Great River; but this was
only known to them in the winter following, when
their bodies were discovered. They all assured us
that we would find natives upon the south shore,
atthe Great River, and some few at the wreck;
but unfortunately this was not the case. Only
one family was met with off Point Booth, and
none at Montreal Island, or any place subsequent-
ly visited.
Point Ogle, Montreal Island, and Barrow Island,
were searched without finding anything except a
few scraps of copper and iron in an Esquimaux
hiding-place.
Recrossing the Strait to King William Island,
we continued the examination of its southern shore
without success until the 24th of May, when, about
ten miles eastward of Cape Herschel, a bleached
skeleton was found, around which lay fragments
of European clothing. Upon carefully removing
the snow a small pocket-book was found contain-
ing a few letters; these, although much decayed,
may yet bedeciphered. Judging from the remains
of his dress this unfortunate young man was a
steward or officer’s servant, and his position ex-
actly verified the Hsquimaux’s assertion that they
dropped as they walked along.
On reaching Cape Herschel next day, we oxam-
ined Simpson's Cairn, or rather what remains of
it, which is only four feet high, and the central
stones haye been memoyed, as if by men seeking
something within it. My impression at the time,
and which I still retain, is that records were de-
posited there by the retreating crews, and subse-
quently removed by the natives.
WINTER QUARTERS IN THE AROTIC REGIONS.
into winter quarters, we constantly watched the
movements of the ice in the western sea or chan-
nel. In mid-channel it was broken up and drift-
ing about; gradually the proportion of water in-
creased, until at leagth the ice which intervened
was reduced to three or four miles in width. But
this was firmly held fast by numerous islets, and
withstood the violence of the Autumn gales. It
was tantalizing beyond description thus to watch
from day to day the free water which we could not
Teach, and which washed the rocky shore a few
miles to the southward of us.
During the Autumn attempts’ were made to
carry out depots of provisions towards the mag-
netic pole; but these almost entirely failed, owing
to the disruption of the ice to the southward.—
Lieutenant Hobson returned with his sledge
parties in November, after much suffering from
Severe weather, and imminent peril on one occa-
sion, when the ice upon which they were encamp-
ed became detached from the shore, and drifted off
to the leeward with them.
journeys were commenced; Lieut. Hobson accom-
panied me as far as Cape Victoria; each of us had
a sledge drawn by four men, and an auxiliary
sledge drawn by six dogs. This was all the force
We could muster.
Before separating we saw two Esquimaux fam-
ilies living out upon the ice in snow huts, from
them we learned that a second ship had been seen
off King William Island, and that she drifted
ashore in the fall of the same year. From this
ship they had obtained s vast deal of wood and
iron,
Tnow gave Lieut. Hobson directions to search
for the wreck, and follow up any traces he might
find upon King William Island.
Accompanied by my own party and Mr. Peter-
s0n, I marched along the east shore of King
William Island, occasionally passing deserted
snow huts, but without meeting natives till the
| Sth of May, when off Cape Norton we arrived at a
On the 2d of April our long projected Spring |
After parting from me at Cape Victoria on the
28th of April, Lieut. Hobson made for Cape Felix;
at a short distance westward of it, he found a very
large cairn, and close to it three small tents, with
blankets, old clothes, and other relics of a shoot-
ing or a magnetic station; but although the cairn
was dug under, anda trench dug all around it at
a distance of ten feet, no record was Uiscovered.—
A piece of blank paper folded up as was found in
the cairn, and two broken bottles, which may per-
haps have contained records, lay beside it, among
some stones which had fullen from off the top.—
The most interesting of the articles discovered
here, including a boat's ensign, were brought away
by Mr. Hobson, About two miles further to the
south-west, a small cairn was found, but neither
records nor relics obtained. About three miles
north of Point Victory, a second small cairn was
examined, but only a broken pick-ax and empty
eanister found.
On 6th May, Lieut. Hobson pitched his tent be-
side a large cairn upon Point Victory. Lying
among some loose stones which bad fallen from the
top of this cairn was found a small tia case, com-
iMibg a record, the substance of which is briefly
#s follows :—This cairn was built by the Fraoklia
Expedition upon the asaumed site of James Ross’
Pillar, which bad not been found. The Brebua and
Terror spent their first wioter at Boecby Island,
alter having ascended Wellington Channel to Jat.
7 N., and returned by the west side of Cornwallis
Island. On the loth September, 1846, they were
beset in lat. 70" 05° N., and long. 98" 23' W.
Sir J. Franklin died of the 11th of June, 1847.
On the 22d of April, 1848, the ships were aban-
doned five leagues to the N. N. W. of Point Vic-
tory, and the survivors 105 in number, landed
here under the command of Capt. Crozier. This
paper was dated 25th of April, 1848, and upon the
following day they intended to start for the Great
Fish River. The total loss by deaths in the expe-!
dition up to this date was nine officers and fiftees
men. A yast quantity of clothing and stores of
all sorts lay strewed about, as if bere every article
was thrown away which could possibly be dispen-
sed with; pick-axes, shovels, boats, cooking uten-
sils, iron-work, rope, blocks, canvas; a dip circle,
8 sextant engraved “Fredric Horaby, R. N.,” a
small medicine chest, oars, &c.
A few miles southward, across Back Bay a
second record was found, baying been deposited
by Lieut, Gore and M. des Vaux, in May, 1547,—
It afforded no additional information.
Lieut, Hobson continued his search until within
a few days’ march of Cape Herschel, without fad-
ing any trace of the wreck or of natives, He loft
fuli information of his important discoveries for
me, therefore, when returning northward by the
west shore of King William Island, I bud tbe ad-
vantage of knowing what bad ulready been found,
Soon after leaving Cupe Herschel, the traces of
natives became less numerous and jess recent, and
after rounding the west point of the isiand they
ceased altogether. Tbe shore is extremely low,
and almost utterly destitureofvegetauion, Numer-
ous banks of shingle and low islets lie off it, and
beyond these Victoria Strait is covered with heavy
and impenetrable packed ice.
When in lat, 60° 09' N., and long. 99" 97’ W., we
came to a larger boat, discovered by Lieut, Hob-
son a few days previously, as his notice informed
me, It appears that this bost had been intended
for the ascent of the Fish River, but was aban-
doned apparently upon a return journey to the
ships, the sledge upon which she was mounted be-
ing pointed in that direction. She measured 28
feet in length, by 714 feet wide, was most carefully
fitted, and made as light as possible, but the sledge
was of solid oak, and almost as heavy as tbe boat,
A large quantity of clothing was found within
her, also two human skeletons. One of these lay
in the after part of the bout, under a pile of cloth-
ing; the other, which was much more disturbed,
probably by animals, was found in the bow. Five
ocket-watches, a quantity of silver spoons and
forks, and a few religious books, were also tound,
but no journals, pocket-books, or even names upon
apy articles of clothing. Two double-barreled
guns stood upright ogainst the boat's side, pre-
eisely as they had been placed eleven years belore.
One barrel in each was loaded and cocked; there
was ammunition in abundance, alsq 30 or 40 log.
of chocolate, some tea, and tobacco.
panting a drift-tree lay within 100 yards of the
at.
Many very interesting relics were brought away
by Lieut. Hobson, and some few by myself. On
the 5th of June I reached Point Victory, without
having found anything further. The clothing,
&c., was again examined for documents, note-
books, &c., without success; a record placed in
the cairn, and another buried ten feat north of it.
Nothing worthy of remark occurred on my re-
turn journey to the ship, which we reached on the
19th of June, five days after Lieut. Hobson.
The shore of King William Island, between its
north and west extremes, Capes Felix and Crozier,
has not been visited by Esquimuux since the
abandonment of the Erebus aud Terror, as the
cairns and articles lying strewed about, which are
in their eyes of priceless value, remain untouched.
If the wreck still remains visible, it is probable
she lies upon some of the off-lying islets to the
southward between Capes Crozier and Herschel,
On the 28th of June, Capt. Young and his party
returned, haying completed their portion of the
search, by which the insularity of Prince of Wales
Laud was determined, and the coast-line interven-
ing between the extreme points reached by Lieuts.
Osborne and Browne discovered; also, between
Bellot Strait and Sir James Ross’ furtherest im
1849, at Four River Bay.
Fearing that his provisions might not last out
the requisite period, Capt. Young sent back four
of his men, and for forty days journeyed on thro
fogs and gales with but one man and the doge,
building & snow but each night; but few men
could stand so long a continuance of labor and
privation, and its effect upon Capt. Young was
painfully evident. ;
Lieutenant Hobson was unable to stand without
assistance upon bis return on board; he was oot
in good health when he commenced his long
journey, and the sudden severe exposure brought
‘on a severe attack of scurvey; yet he also most
ably completed his work; and such facts will more
clearly evince the unflinching spirit with which
the object of our voyage has been pursued in these
detached duties than any praise of mine.
We were now, at length, allon board again. As
there were some slight cases of scurvy, all our
treasured resources of Burton ale, lemon juice, aod
fresh animal food were put into requisition, so that
jin a comparatively shart time all were restored to
sound health.
Dawg our sojourn in Port Kennedy we were
twice called upon to follow ashipmate to the grave.
Mr. Geo. Brands, engineer, died of apoplexy, on
the 6th of November, 1858; he had been out deer-
shooting for several hours that day, aud appeared
in excellent health, Qa the 14th of Juoe, 1559,
Thomas Blackwell, ship's steward, died of scurvy;
this man had served in two of the former search~
ing expeditions. The summer proved & warm
one; we were able to start upon our homeward
vyoyageon the 9th of August, aud although the loss
of the engine driver in 1857, and of the engineer in
1858, left us with only two stokers, yet with their
assistance I was able to control the engines and
steam the ship up to Fury Point. For six dayswe
lay there closely beset, when a change of wind re-
moving the ice, our voyage was continued almost
without further interruption, to God-heaven, in
Disco, where we arrived on the 27th of August,
aud were received with great kindness by Mr.
Olick, Inspector of North Greenland, and the local
authorities, Who obligingly supplied our few wants,
The two Esquimaux dog drivers were now dis-
charged, and on the 1st of September we saued for
England.
from sll that can be gleaned from the record
paper, and the evidence afforded by the boat, and
yarious articles of clothing and equipment dis-
covered, it appears that the abandonment of the
Erobus and Terror had been deliberately arranged,
and every effort exerted during the third winter to
render the traveling equipments complete.
It is much to be apprehended that disease had
greatly reduced the strength of all on board—tar
more, perhaps, than they themselves were aware of.
The distance by sledge route from the position
of the ships when abandoned to the boat, 1s sixty~
five geographical miles; and from the ships to
Montreal Island, 220 miles. The most perfect
order seems to have existed throughout.
PL, M’Curstocx, Captain, B. N.
ding the Final Searching Expeditton.
Yaeh ron y 5, of the Isle of Wight, Sept 21, 759.
Fuel was not*
‘
Toe Runat New-Yorken enters upon a New
Quarter this week, and we embrace the occasion to
Notify its Agents, Subscribers and other friends that
single and elud subscriptions—either for a year, or
three months, on trial—arenow tn order and respect-
Sully solicited. To those who know and appreciate
the paper, we need only say that the quarter upon
which we now enter, and the ensuing volume, will
be worthy the enviable reputation the Rurat has
attained — and all others are invited to giveita care
Jul eamination. It has thousands of ardent and
influential friends, each of whom will, we trust,
make some effort (during the ensuing few weeks and
months,) to augment its circulation and usefulness
in their respective localities,—and Now is the Best
Time to Commence the Canvass. As liberal Pre-
miums and Gratuities will be given for Clubs, &e.,
es last year. Oct. 1, 1859.
ADVANCE:
YOR SIX MONTIS,
TERMS, IN
YOR ONE YEAR.
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blateen copies, 2 | Rixteen cop 100
‘Twenty coples 6 | Twenty copl 3 OO
Phirty-Two copies...40 | Thirty-Two do..20 00
ROCHESTER, N. Y., OCTOBER 29, 1859.
DOMESTIC NEWS.
Matters at Washington.
Tue correspondent of the N. Y. Zimes writes
that Secretary Cass has received a letter from the
Mexican Consul at Brownsville, stating that the
men engaged in the recent outrages in that place
are all American citizens—no Mexicans by birth.
They reside in Texas, and only four of them passed
over into Mexico. The Consul visited their Chief
in person, and induced the party to disperse.
Latest accounts from Texas say Gen. Twiggs
had ordered two companies of Infantry to Browns-
ville, and a body of Cayalry were Scouting through
that region.
The Government has not yet been officially ad-
vised that Minister Ward has reached Pekin, but
information received in diplomatic quarters leaves
no doubt of the fact. It is confidently expected
that the ratification treaty will reach here before
the meeting of Congress.
The names of various gentlemen have been
named in connection with the mission to France,
butno action has been taken, and it is doubtful
whether it has yet been even considered by the
President.
Mr. Irving, Secretary of the British Legation, is
among the recent arrivals.
The President has commenced the preparation
of his annual message.
District Attorney Ould and Col. Lee haye re-
turned from Harper's Ferry. The former has had
a conference with the President, and the latter an
interview with the Secretary of War. U.S. Mar-
shal Johnson, of Ohio, now here, says one of the
parties engaged with Brown was prominent in the
Oberlin rescue.
Parties have been arrested at Washington for
uttering counterfeit gold dollars and halves, re-
markably well executed, but lighter than the
genuine. It is supposed that several thousand
dollars worth have been thrown into circulation,
‘They were brought from Pennsylvania.
Receipts of the Treasury for the week ending
Monday, were $1,021,000. Amount subject to
draft, $4,677,000—an increase over previous week
of $108,000.
The Harper’s Ferry Insurrection,
In the last issue of the Rurat we gave such
particulars of this insurrection as had then been
received, (leaving the insurgents in possession of
the National Armory there Situsted,) and we now
furnish our readers with all important details
down to the defeat of the rioters and the Suppres-
sion of the movement.
On the morning of the 18th Colonel Shute ap-
proached with a flag of truce, and demanded a
surrender. After expostulating for some time
the rioters refused, and the Storming of the
Armory was determined upon, The first attack
was made by a detachment of the Charleston Guard,
which crossed the Potomac river above Harper’s
Ferry, and reaching the building where the ingur-
gents were posted, by the canal, on the Maryland
side. Smart firing occurred, and the rioters were
driven from the building. One man was killed,
A man went outand tried to escape by swimming
theriver. A dozen shots were fired after him—
his face blown off, and the body taken Possession
of. Hiscoat skirts were cut off, and in the pockets
Were found a captain’s commission to Capt. BE. H.
Leeman, from the “Provisional Government,” The
commission was dated Oct. 15th, 1859, signed by
AW. Brown, Commander-in-Chief of the army of
the Provisional Government of the United States.
A party of five of the insurgents, armed with min-
nie rifles, and posted in the rifle armory, were next
expelled by the Charleston Guards. ‘They all ran
forthe river, and one who was unable to swim
Was drowned. The other four swam out to the
Tocks in the middle of the Shenandoah, and fired
upon the citizens and troops onboth banks. This
drew on them the muskets of between 200 and 800
men, Bnd not less than four hundred shots were
fired at them from Horper’s Ferry, about 200 yards
distant, One was finally shot dead; the second,
| negro, attempted to jamp over the dam, but fell
short, and was not seen alterwards ; the third was
: badly wounded, and the Temaining ones taken un-
harmed, The white insurgent, Wounded and cap-
tured, died in a few moments after.
For nearly one houra running ang random
firing was kept up by the troops against the riot.
ers, Several were shot down, andmany managed
_ tolimp away wounded. Daring the firing the Wo-
| men and children ran shrieking in every direction,
MOORK’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
lectors, they took courage and did good service
in the way of preparing refreshments and attend-
ing to the wounded.
To the meantime the Marines had advanced to
the charge, and endeavored to break the door
down with sledge hammers, but it resisted all
their efforts. A large ladder was then used aso
battering-ram, and the door gave way. The riot-
ers fired briskly, and shot three Marines; the
Marines firing in turo through the partly broken
door, The Marines then forced their way through
the breach, and ina few minutes all resistance was
at so end. The following list comprites those
killed and wounded among the insurgents, with
their proper titles under the “Provisional Goyern-
ment”:—Capt, Oliver Brown, dead; Capt. Watson
Brown, dead; Capt. Aaron O. Stevens, of Conn.,
wounded badly,—he bas three balls in him,—can-
not possibly recover; Lieut. Coppie, of Conn., un-
hurt; Lieut. Albert Haselett, of Pa., dead; Lieut.
Leeman, of Maine, dead; Capt. John E. Cook, of
Conn., escaped.
Privates—Stewart Taylor, of Canada, dead; C.
P. Bidd, of Maine, dead; Wm. Thompson, of New
York, dead; Adolph Thompson, of New York,
dead; John Kage, of Ohio, dead; Jeremiah Ander-
son, of Ind,, dead; three whites previously sent off,
making seventeen whites. Negroes—Dangerfield,
lately of Ohio, raised in Virginia, dead; Emperor,
of N. Y., raised in South Carolina, not wounded
but a prisoner—the Jatter was elected a member of
the ‘Provisional Government” some time since;
Lewis Leary, of Ohio, raised in Virginia, dead;
Copeland, of Ohio, raised in Virginia, wounded,
prisoner at Charleston. Gen, Brown has nine
wounds, but none fatal.
The Gen. Brown above referred to is now a pris-
oner, and in conversation with various individuals,
states that he is old Ossawatamie Brown, whose
feats in Kansas have had such wide notoriety;
that his whole object was to free the slaves, and
justifies his action,
The first active movement in the insurrection
was made at about half-past 10 o'clock on Sunday
nigbt. William Williamsov, the watchman at
Harper’s|Ferry bridge, whilst walking across to-
ward the Maryland side, was seized by a number
of men, who said he was their prisoner and must
come with them. He recognized Brown and
Cook among themen, and knowing thom, treated
the matter asa joke, but enforcing silence they
conducted him to the Armory, which he found al-
ready in7their possession. He was detained till
after daylight, and then discharged.
The watchman who was to relieve Williamson
at midnight, found the bridge lights all out, Sup-
posing it anattemptat robbery, he broke away,
and bis pursuers tumbling over him he escaped.
The next appearance of the insurrectionists was
at the house of Col. Lewis Washington, a large
farmer and a slave owner, living ubout four miles
from the Ferry. A party headed by Cook proceeded
there and rousing Col. Washington told him he
was their prisoner. They also seized all the slaves
near the house, took a carriage, a horse, and a
large wagon with two horses.
Gen. Brown has made a full statement, in which
he says he rented a farm from Dr, Kennedy six
months since and the rent is paid till next March.
He never bad over twenty-two men at the farm at
one time that belonged to the organization, but he
expected reinforcements from Maryland, Kentucky,
North and South Carolina and Canada. He had
arms sufficient for 1,500 men. He had 200 reyol-
vers, 200 Sharp’s rifles, and 1,000 pistols. He left
them at the farm; be had abundance of powder
and other ammunition; he brought all the arms
from time to time from Connecticut and other
eastern points to Chambersburgh, Pa. They were
directed to J. Smith & Sons, Kennedy Farm, his
assumed name; they were packed in double boxes
80 as to deceive the parties who handled them to
the farm ; he says he made one mistake, in either
not detaining the train on Sunday night, or per-
mitting it to go along unmolested. This mistake,
he seemed to infer, exposed his doings too soon,
and prevented his reinforcements from coming.
A detachment of marines and some volunteers
made a visit to Brown's house, They found a
large quantity of blankets, boots, shoes, clothes,
tents, and fifteen hundred pikes with large blades
affixed. They also discovered a carpet bag con-
taining documents throwing much light on the
affair, printed constitutions and by-laws of an or-
ganization, showing or indicating ramifications in
various States of the Union. Also letters from
Various individuals at the North—one from Fred,
Douglas containing $10 from a lady for the cause,
Also a letter from Gerrit Smith about money mat-
ters, anda check or draft by him for $100, endorsed
by the Cashier of a New York Bank.
The Independent Grays, of Baltimore, found
two wagon loads of arms at Brown's house, The
arms consisted of boxes filled with Sharp's rifles,
pistols, &c,, all bearing the stamp of the Massa-
cbusetts Manufacturing Company, Chicopee,
Mass. There were also found a quantity of
United States’ ammunition, a large number of
Spears, sharp iron bowie knives fixed upon poles,
4 terrible looking weapon, intended for the use of
the negroes, with spades, pick-axes, shovels, and
everything else that might be needed—thus proy-
ing that the expedition was well provided for,
that a large party of men was expected to be
armed, and that abundant means had been pro-
vided to pay all expenses,
Personal and Political,
Tux Rey. Jobn Angell James died in Birming-
ham, England, on the 1st inst,, in his 75th year,—
He was well known as a philanthropist and a re-
ligious writer/ bis “ Anxious Inquirer” having
been, says the Birmingham Journal, more exten-
sively read than any other work, except the Bible
and “The Pilgrim's Progress.”
Tue people of Canada have purchased William
Lfon Mackenzie a fine Homestead in Toronto,—
This substantial compliment has been richly earn-
ed by an earnest (though sometimes mistaken)
zeal for the people, during the past 36 years,
Avuenr Gattamin, grandson of the former Vice
President, died 18th September, in the 35th year
of his age, at Geneva, Switzerland, having sailed
from Philadelphia on the 20th of June last, for the
wise distinguished in his profession for sound
Judgment and accuracy of legal investigation. He
died in the birth-place of his grandfather, who was
a Swiss,
A errer from Paris dated Oot. 6th, soys that
Senator Seward would leave England in two or
three days for home.
Ir now appears that Dr. Willing hos been elect-
ed Delegate to Congress from Jefferson Territory,
instead of Mr. Williams, a3 announced.
InTeLuicencr has reached Leavenworth, Kansas,
direct from Nebraska City, that Daily, Republican,
is elected Delegate to Congress by a majority of
48 over Eastabrook, Democrat. *
Twenty-Five counties in Minnesota give 2,716
Republican majority. The seven to hear from
gaye a Republican majority in 1857. The St. Paul
Times of the 15th, says the Republican majority in
the State Senate is 7, and in the House 14.
Tue House of Bishops has refased to restore
Bishop Onderdonk conditionally or otherwise.
Hoy. Rost. P. Duntar, Ex-Governor of Maine,
Past Grand High Chief of the Royal Arch Masons
for the United States, died on the evening of the
20th inst., at his residence in Brunswick.
Towa Exrcrion.— As far as heard from, the
Republican majority is 2,066. The Senate (count-
ing 14 Senators holding oyer, half of whom are
Republicans and half Democrats,) stand thus far
25 Republicans to 14 Democrats, The House
stands 45 Republicans and 24 Democrats, with 11
districts yet to hear from. The entire number of
Senators elected is 42, and Representatives 86.
News Paragraphs,
A citizen of Brooklyn bought an old clock at
auction a few days ago for ten dollars. On tal ing
it home he discovered that a looking glass which
was in the back of the clock was cracked. He
took it out with the intention of having a new one
putin, when to his astonishment he discovered
notes of the Bank of England behind it amount-
ing to abont $3,000.
‘Tue servant girls in New York city have struck
for higher wages —they want $10 a month. The
Journal of Commerce says it is in consequence of
assessments for the new Fourth Avenue Cathedral.
A company of Americans have launched asteam-
eron the Amoor River, on the southern portion
of Siberia, and gxpect to make a profitable com-
mercial enterprise out of it. The Russian officials
show the greatest favor to them.
A wovement has been started in New York,
among the Hebrews, for the formation of a Board
of Representatives of the Jews in the United
States. The plan proposes the formation of a Con-
sistory of Delegates from each congregation in the
United States. This body, like the British Board
of Representatives, will look to and forward Jew-
ish interests.
Tue volcano at Maui, Sandwich Tslands, was not
80 active at last accounts. The lava stream has
cooled, so that horses cross without difficulty, A
long point has been formed, running out into the
sea at Kiholo, with a depth of water at the outer
edge of sixty-three fathoms, and the liquid rock is
still dropping ont seaward.
Mr. La Movnraty’s balloon, the Atlantic, which
was abandoned by him in the Canada woods, has
been secured and returned to Watertown, some-
what torn, but serviceable,
A couparative statement of the wheat inspec-
tions in the State of Virginia, during the past
quarter, ending Sept. 30, and same period of three
preceeding years, shows that the crop of 1859 is
the largest ever grown in the State,
Aw exchange paper says:— The best safety-
valve to a boiler is a sober engineer. Congress
may legislate till doomsday, but as long as the of-
ficers carry too much steam, the boats will follow
their example.”
Tue Russian government has just commenced a
railroad to connect Kiev to Odessa. It will take
fifteen years to build it, and will involve more dif-
ficulties and a heavier outlay than would a road
from St. Louis to San Francisco.
A courte of woman, quarreling for place and
power in the fancy needle-work department of the
Canada Provincial Fair at Kingston, last week,
came near breaking up the show—the husband of
one of them removing his articles from exhibition,
thus taking away the most of that department,
In a case at Worcester, the Supreme Court of
Massachusetts have decided that where confiden-
tial communication between client and counsel is
overheard by a third person, such person may
testify thereto, Communications to counsel are
only so far privileged that the counsel cannot be
permitted to testify to them.
Tue people of the Southern counties of Califor-
nia have given a large majority in favor of separa-
tion from the rest of the State, and of the erection
of themselves into a new Territory to be called
Colorado,
Soxe one insinuates that in America it takes
three to make a pair—he, she, and a hired girl.—
Had Adam been a modern, there would have been
ahired girl in Paradise to look after little Abel
and ‘raise Cain,”
A reAnrut malady bas broken out among the
Omaha Indians in Nebraska, and fifty of them have
died, The Indians think it is the effect of eating
the meat of the buffalo affected with bloody mur-
rain. The Indians had thrown away all the meat
of the one thousand buffaloes which they had put
up for winter use, and were preparing for another
buffalo hunt.
Twenty Years ago the number of colored men
in Canada West was 3,400; now there are more
than 40,000. In four months after the passage of
the Fugitive Slave Law, 10,000 poured into the
country,
Wesrwann Exignation.—According to advices
received in St, Louis, 3,449 emigrant wagons
have passed over the Western plains this season,
for California and Salt Lake City—eight-ninths of
them Were going to California, Loose cattle esti-
mated at from 120,000 to 140,000; sheep, 6,000.
Great Britain.—The Great Eastere quitted
Portland at a quarter before 4 P. M,, on the sth,
and anchorod in Holyhead a quarter before 4 P.M.
on the 10th, having accomplished the voyege round
under favorable circumstances. ‘The distance ran
during 43 hours ia said to be something over 550
miles. The average rate of speed for the whole
trip is stated to be a little over 13 knets, thovgh
during the greater Part of the time the €ngine did
not go at more than half that speed. The greatest
speed attained was over 1444 knots, or Dearly 17
miles per hour. This was accomplished without
any special exertions on the part of the epgines,
but a considerable quantity of canvass was spread,
The weather during the trip was Squally, and at
times heavy ground swells were experienced, caus-
ing, according to some authorities, a good deal of
pitching and rolling on the part of the vessel
while others say that the motion, if at all, was
most slight.
It was reported that the Great Eastern would
Temain at Holyhead 10 or 12 days, and then pro-
ceed to Southampton to have her boilers thoroughly
repaired, in accordance to the requirements of the
Board of Trade, The correspondent of the London
Times, on board the Steamship, writing before the
ron to Holyhead, says itis more than probable that
the ship will not leave England during the winter,
and that Southampton will probably be her winter
quarters,
The London Zimes, in another editorial on the
San Juan difficulties, reiterates the denunciation
of Gen. Harney’s course.
Rumors were current of considerable differ-
ences, and even asplitin the English Cabinet, on
the Chinese question.
Great hope had been raised that the builders’
strike in London was about to be terminated, but
on the day preceding the steamer’s departure these
hopes were dispelled, the pending negotiations
haying terminated in an unsatisfactory mapner.
The official correspondence between the British
Government and its officials in China, relating to
the measures taken for the ratification of the
treaty at Pekin, is published. The Hon. Col
Bruce, British Ambassador, states positively that
if Admiral Hope had expressed any doubts as to
the result of attempting to force the passage of the
Peiho, they would not have been shared by the
squadron, and if it be decided that the means at
command were insufficient to justify so bold a line
of policy, Col. Bruce accepts the responsibility of
Admiral Hope's act. Bruce, in one of his letters,
shows the position occupied by Mr. Ward, the
American Minister, and expresses the opinion that
the Chinese will not make difficulty about exchange
and ratifications with him, as the conditions under
which the American Minister is alone entitled to
visit Pekin, contain nothing offensive to Chinese
pride. Col. Bruce expresses much gratification at
the friendly feeling and assistance experienced
from Mr. Ward and flag-oflicer Tatnall, and con-
cludes as follows :— Mr. Ward's position is one of
considerable difficulty, nor do I see, after our
unsuccessful attempt at Peiho, that any course
was open save the one which he has adopted. He
has acted cordially and frankly in the spirit of bis
deliberations at Hong Kong, and it is a matter of
satisfaction to me that his concert in previous
proceedings is a strong argument in fayor of the
conduct pursued by Mr. Debourbolon and myself.
France.—Nothing further has been received
regarding the proceedings at Zurich, beyond the
general assertion that progress continued to be
made toward the signing of the peace treaty.
The Paris Consti¢utionnel, containing an article
by its chief editor, says that the preliminaries at
Villa Franca had rescued Italy from every foreign
intervention, no matter under what name or form,
wherever it might come. France confines herself
to giving Italians proper advice. If followed by
them, that advice would have insured the pros-
perity of Central Italy; but having in vain offered
advice, she cannot go so far as to dictate orders to
Italy.
The prorogation of the Conference is anticipated.
Difficulties still remain unadjusted, and it was
doubtful when the treaty would be signed. The
Plenipotentiaries of all the three Powers held
conferences on the 19th inst., and couriers were
afterwards dispatched to Vienna and Turin.
The Times’ Paris correspondent says that the
delay is attributed to Austria; that the Vienna
Cabinet was doing all that it could to win over the
Emperor to its views, while at the same time it was
reported to be preparing a collision against him in
Germany.
The Emperor and Empress had quitted Biarritz
and arrived at Bordeaux on the 10th. Their
reception was enthusiastic. On the 11th inst., the
Emperor received the authorities of Bordeaux.
The Cardinal Arch Bishops addressed a speech
to the Emperor, who read a reply to it. Both
speech and reply produced the most favorable
impression. The Emperor said that the Govern-
ment, which was the means of restoring the Holy
Father to the Throne, would only give utterence
to such respectful counsels as were directed by
sincere deyotion to the interests of His Holiness,
could but be alarmed about the day, which is not
far distant, when Rome will be evacuated by the
French troops, It is necessary, instead of appeal-
ing to the ardent passions of the people, to search
with calmness for the truth, and pray to Provi-
dence to enlighten the people as well as their
sovereigns, under a wish for the fulfilment of their
rights, and that they may well understand their
daties. All the Bishops have received orders from
Rome to preach the restoration of Italian duties.
A Paris journal says that Napoleon is becoming
disgusted with the procrastination of Austria, and
for the moment French policy inclines to more
intimate understanding with England.
— Breadatuffs, — Messrs. Bichardson,
BP eon deolineta broadstuf. Flour dull
and quotations maintained with difficulty; new Ameri-
can 18@26s per bbl.; wheat was also dull, and had de-
clined 1d@2d per cental ; western red 1s4d@9s; west-
ern white Se@9e3d, Corn dull and deolined 6d per
quarters mixed SsSd@Osld ; yellow Os; white T@Tebd,
Messrs, Bigland, althya & Co. quote a’ decline In corn
of Gd@1s per quarter. Provisions.—Beef in fair de-
mand, Pork dull. Small sales of American st 50s.
Lard quiet but steady. Tallow unchanged. Sugar
sieady. Coffee quiet. In the London market wheat
was firm, and a partial advance of 1s per quarter had
been obtained.
‘
Ghe News Condenser.
= In Paris, child stoaling has Become quite fashton-
able.
— Sixty Pint river Padians have doen kulled
of whites. preety
— There are soven revolutionary soldiers Sill Hving
in Maine.
—Thore are now going up in the ity of Brooklyn
early 900 buildings.
— The yellow fover is very fatal at Houston, Texes,
ten deaths occurring per day.
— It is stated that Senator Brodorlok Js the first U, 8,
Senator that bas fallen in a duel.
— One thousand dollars have been ralsed in New
York to ald the London strikers,
—A decrop has been Published abolishing elavery
from the Island of Java from Oot 1, ¢
— Is is enid that our government has made a per-
emptory demand on Ghill for redress,
— Mention is made of mueh Ipjary to the Potato crop
in eome parts of Connecticut by the rot.
— Twenty-five gambling houses are in one litle oir
cult of the business portion of Chicago.
— Kossnth has retarned to London to resume his
melancholy watch over European affaira,
— The Schooner Geo, D. Dousman, of Cleveland, 0,,
was at Constantinople on the 20th of Sept.
— Bevere shocks of an earthquake were felt at Baton
Bouge and Bayou Sara, La., on tho 29th ult.
— Elder Knapp, the famous Baptlet revivalist, has
been engaged to spend the winter in Boston,
— There are now ten ferries between New York and
Brooklyn, and they are crowded in the day time,
—Information bas been received of the death of
Geo, R. West, Consul at Bay Islands, New Zealand.
— President Juarez, of ‘Mexico, bas ordered the erec-
Non of a statue in honor of Alexander Von Humboldt.
— D. @. Brown contemplates an early resignation as
Obief of the Agricultural Branch of the Patent Office.
— The Provincetown Banner says the catch of cod-
fish has not been large, but on the whole afair average,
— Lady Franklin bas spent all her fortune in Arctic
researches, She is in the south of France in {Il health,
— Col. Sol, Meredith, of Wayne county, Indiana,
carried off $700 worth of premiums at the Indiana State
Fair.
— The colored people of Canada bave been holding
© meoting to consider the expediency of eceking a now
home.
— The lettors I. O, 8. M. (Independent Order Sons of
Malta,) have been interpreted to mean, “I Owe Some
Money.”
— After 11,000 observations, M. Charles Defour has
made the discovery that white stars twiskie more than
red ones,
— Three bears were killed the other day in Cambria,
Co.,Pa, by a farmer. They had come right up to his
front door,
— Judge Terry has been placed under $10,000 bonds
to appear for trial on the charge of killing Senator
Broderick.
— A snow storm of fifteen minutes duration prevalled
at Florida, Mass., on Wednesday, and nearly whitened
the ground.
—A number of interesting drawings and mano-
scripts by Michael Angelo have Just been discovered
at Florence,
— Gen. Twiggs has gone to the Rio Grande to drive
off the Red Skins who threaten to Tavage the settlements
on its border,
— The railroad bridge across the Obio river at Mari-
etta has been completed and opened for travel. It Is
558 feet long,
— There is some talk of connecting Charlestown and
Roxbury to Boston. This would give Boston 3 popula-
tion of 230,000.
— Our naval force in the Pacific consists of 8 vessels
of war, of 11,825 tunnage, carrying 150 guns, and a
force of 2,850 men.
—The merchants and business men of California
design to erect a monument to the memory of the late
Senator Broderick.
— The Tuscan Government has, by a decree of the
15th of Sept, raised Maj. General Garibaldi to the rank
of Lieut, General.
— 8. E. Cohen, the compiler and Gen, Superintendent
of Cohen’s Philadelphia Directory, puts the population
of that city at 650,000.
— The amount of tar, pitch and turpentine, shipped
to England from North Carolina during the year 1353,
is valued at $2,176,370,
— The overland immigration to California this season
has, according to the latest accounts from Sait Lake,
reached ten thousand.
— The Waterville (N. Y.) Times reports that during
the last week about 60,000 pounds of new hops have
changed hands at 10@1 1c,
—The Mercantile Library Association of San Fran-
claco pald Bayard Taylor $5,000 for a series of lectures,
and cleared $1,500 profits,
— A smart earthquake shock was felt atSan Francisco
on the morning of the 25th September. It was strong
enough to cause some alarm.
— We have seen itstated that the aggregate of cold is
greater the present year than during any one for 70
years past, except that of 1845,
— During August, 59,895 ounces of gold wero deposit-
ed in the San Frauclsco mint; 86,920 ounces of silver
Were purchased; $962,000 coined.
— John Wise writes that out of 118 balloon ascents
in which he reached an altitude of three miles, the bal-
loon sailed to the east 112 times,
— In Cincinnati, on Monday, two youths wero united
in marriage, and both are waiting transportation to the
State Penitentiary, each for one year,
— Barrow, the Ohineso traveler, computes that there
is more material in the great wall of Ohina than in all
the houses of England and Scotland,
—The report that Schamyl was betrayed Into the
hands of the Russians isnow denied. He was captured
in a regular fight, the Russiana say.
— The Quaker City for Havana broke her machinery
when off Hatteras, and nearly all her passengers have
arrived by a sailing vessel at Norfolk.
—The Louisiana Sugar Planter says the yleld of
ugar this season will be Jess than that of last year by
over one hundred thousand hogsheads.
— A fro in the town of Monte Christo, Cal., destroyed
$92,000 worth of property. By another at Diamond
Springs $40,000 worth were consumed,
— Pike’s Peak gold is making its appearance quite
freely in Chicago. Several thousand dollars were sold
to gold dealers there 00 Wednesday week,
— The Utah mail brings intelligence of the trial and
sentence to two years’ imprisonment in the Penitentiary
of McKenzle, the forger of Government checks.
eS a
CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER.
AGRICULTURAL. Pac
New York State Falr—Discuslon, Last Evenlog........ 90
Yaropean Agricultare,—Ergot—June Grass Affected
with Ergot, (Lilastrated;) Sheep Breeding in Great
Britain...
The Queen Bee .
Experlence in Hedge Growing
It {s the Good Crop that Pays.
About Boozhton Wheat .
Borgbom aod other Matters.
Seneea County Palr.
Farmers’ lub Pair at
Crawford County (Pa) Falr .
—Milk 08 Beef: A Profits.
wie Prone 2 Suesoe Partenlbe Brine} Ohancing Beed.. 20
x ory; Agriculta-
ale nal MT te Oolage sith tally at Southern
Patra; Aericoltore ta noseaDy aa Hes
loca ; felt sede focieiy; A Far North ag. Society
SESSeeges
County Ag Foclety
Feeding sheep ©. Becves
HORTIOULTOBAL.
‘Antamn—Work in the Garden...
Making Walk
Protection for Climbing Roses...
Fall Treatment of Rhubarb and Asparagus,
List of Good and Hardy Oberrles ..
Taste in Paris...
Oherry Boquet, (Tilustrated
Garden Seat, [Tlustrated).
Toronto Froit Market
Sweet Potatoes...
Renovating Old Orchards
Stawberrie eS
Hooker Strawherry, (Iilustrated).
Number of Plapis to an Acre.
Pear Tree Blight
Taislog Squashes
DOMESTIO ECONOMY.
lool refstonk ; Cider Pie: Nottincham Padding;
erates 5 Muiterailk Podding: Minute Padding;
lore Staloed Linen: Remedy for a Bee Sting;
a! Loaf Cake: Cream Oske; Cookies;
edy for Coliblatns: Vinerar Pie; Boll-
tron for Cake and Pies, Indian Bread. 351
LADIES OLIO.
dor the Vinleta, (Poet } The Social Demon; Why
Mion'e Castes tan to ook? Welecsous on Mare
riage; Is He Rich?........ . %2
CHOICE MISCELLANY,
Natore's Pletare Gallery, [ Poesdoal;) True Honor;
‘Power of the Beuutiful: Where the Strength Dice: _
Deeds .,...... 52
SABBATH MUSINGS.
Breet Fours (Poetical;) The Existence of Go:
Want
of Bympathy ... aes
853
USEFUL OLI0.
STORY TELLER.
Tho Anples of New England, (Poetical :] Anything Here
ford. .? Marriage Worans Ailadlon » 055
LIST OF NEW ADVERTISEMENTS,
Rochester Premium Out!lng-Box—A Gordon.
Agrlonttural Panlishing Hourse—0.M. Saxton, Barker & Co,
Volume—New Stors—Fowler and Wels,
Frult Trees for Sale—Anson Braman,
Bioominaion Nursery, Tl! —P. K. Phoonix.
Jammer Pie's Diets tie Suloratus
Plum Trees for Sals—H. O, Biogham.
Bix More Avents Wanted—H. N. Lockwood.
Bomethiog New—Sanderson ro,
Apple Seed for Sale—J, A. Rook,
SPRCIAL NOTICES.
Wild Tarkeys Wanted—Sanford Howard.
—
WILD TURKEYS.
Wantep—a patr of Tarkeys, entirely of tho Wild
Blood, but well domesticated. Persons baying them
‘Will please communicate with Sanrond Howanp, 43
Commerolal street, Boston, stating age, welgbtand price.
October, 20, 1859. 512-24
nD
Powner Mitts Brows Ur—Szven Persons
Kitiep.—At about 11 o'clock on the morning of
the 22d inst., four of the powder mills in Wash-
ington, Del., exploded with aterrificcrash. Seven
persons and one horse were killed.
Aw Ente Canat Proretten ox a Lona Trip
up 1x Wisconsin.—The little propeller Z. Z. Brit-
ton, of Albany, we hear of up in Wisconsin. Sho
passed up the Lower Fox River last week to
Fond du Lac, for a cargo of wheat, as an experi-
mental trip. The Ditton is one of the Erie cunal
8team propellers, of about 200 tuns burden, and if
the experiment sbould prove successful it will
establish a new era in the freighting business
between Luke Winnebago and the Atlantio,
Tue Ovrraces at Bnowssvitte, Texas,—Ad-
vices from Brownsville tothe 10th inst., have been
received. There had been no further outrages,
The citizens had formed themselves into four bat-
talons, which perform, alternately, gw uty
during the night, Advices from Monte he
Sth ult, state that Durango, in the prov of the
same, bad been taken and sacked by and of
robbers numbering about two hundred, Troops
afterwards came to tho relief of the town and dis-
persed the robbers, killing many of them.
Deatn ov tue Axentcax Minister 10 France.
—The last steamer announces the death of Hon,
Jobn Y. Mason, of Va, the American Minister to
France. Mr. M. has occupied a conspicuous place
in the political and diplomatic history of the coun-
try. He bad many good points of character; and
although byno means among the most gifted of our
Statesmen, he Commanded the respect of several
of the Democratic Administrations, and maintain-
ed an unsullied reputation among the diplomats of
Europe.
From Bugnos Arnes.—Advices from Buenos
Ayres of the 26th of August, are unimportant,
The previons report of the Sppearance of the
Argentive Squadron off Buenos Ayres and the
exchange of shot, is confirmed. A Montevideo
letter states that a forgery of 60,000,000 bonos had
been discovered, and the forger arrested. He
proved to be the captain of a Spanish vessel plying
between that port and Rio. The discovery served
to unsettle business affairs, and create a great run
on the banking houses of Senor Macra. Mr. Hen-
derson, British Charge to Paraguay, bad demanded
his passports in consequence of Carostad affairs
not having been satisfactorily settled.
Sonpay Canetace Darvixo Fonnropex.—Mayor
Weaver, of Pittsburg, Penn., has made a final de-
cision in the carriage case which bas attracted so
Much attention at Pittsburg. Some hack drivers
took pay from invalids riding on a Sunday,
and were prosecuted therefor, under the act of
1794, expressly forbidding all worldly employ-
ment on that day under penalty of a stated fine. —
The Mayor considered the act clear and unambig-
UoUS in its terms, forbidding al? worldly employ-
ment, and Accordingly gave decision against the
defendants. A fine of $25 was imposed upon each
driver, and judgment was entered accordingly.
MOORR’S RURAL NEW-YOREER.
BRIGHTON. Oot 2). —At market 1900 beeves, 1100 stores
70) sbeep and lambs, 1100 swine.
Patoes—Market beef—Zxtra, $300; Orst quality, #7,75;
*Woncins Oxey 81%0o (60
ORKING Oxan -|
Mivoa Cowa#4@ 16; common, #19930,
Sal OALvms—93, 8485,
Natiunae “satis two years old, 916920; three years
ol
IDEs 6A5e Rp. Carr Sxis3—I2e,
5c.
Tattow—i@. Me
Sueur asm Lawas—t1@L0: extra, $23, Paurs. 75G91.
Bwine—Pat hogs, 6c. Piss, 94% Relalk bat, >”
TORONTO, Oct. 22—Beef Io good request for shipment,
and for local consumption. but prices continue Jow. For
ere cattle hed $5 #100 Ds. 1s palg, and for second
ral 75 to 9425,
gSUMfF1t0 WS each, Lambs 81.75 to 4225, and calves
Wontar to 2c, >. Sheep aking from batehers fresh
slaughtered, ; from peddlers, o les lower,
fav grice for this month belng 65,00 ® 10) be Gall eins
je
HMarkets, Commerce, er.
URAL -Yoreen OFFICE.
Bomat rochester, Uck 3 1889,
FLove—Under the Influence of advices from the various
grain porta ‘at the East and West, an advance equal to 25
cents #harre) upon all grades has been taken, and the
market Is firm atthe figures quoted below.
Gnarx—Wheat has gone up 5 cents ® bushel, and consid-
erable fs doing in Western and Canada Corn Is etill
moving upward, and is wanted, Barley remains at last
quotations, aluhough considerable activity is notloed in
travzactions, >
Boren is exceedingly scarce. and we put up rates 1@2c
Pound. Prime sclls readily a* 20 cen's,
Har—Very lite is now sold for leas than 918 ¥ tun, and
occasional loads of extra bring #21.
The other changes are of little importance, and may be
noticed by reference to the following table of quotaUlons:
Rochester Wholesale Prices.
AND Grat.
wheat es, 00!
The Wool Markets,
ALBANY. Oct. 20.—In the early part of the wecka sale
of seventy-five thousand ts. medium fleece was made, since
which the bign pretensions of holders and the advanced
prices asked has restricted business. Several lots are un-
der negotiation, and at slight concessions large sales could
be ellected.— Journal.
NEW YORK, Oct 2°.—The demand fs quite moderate
both for native fleece and palled Wools; owing to the
mossre supply offering, and the extreme prices now asked,
| bolders bave advanced their ideas again Jo ® mB. on the
| current rates of last week, which tends to limit transac-
tions materiaily, and bayers are therefor:
foterfor aud Western States for supplies
thoosand Ms, State and Western fleeces
FLoor
Flour, wint.
Wheat, Genesee. .@1,29@1,25
Best whive Can’a..#1,200125
Cor ...... 85G905
Peaches, dried, ®
Cherries, dried, # B..
Tween
at 19 A
two hundred
id fifty do ood to fine
i, three hundred bales
Ayres, seventy do Per-
, Cordova, on private terms,—7riduna,
24.252 50
Goal. Shamokin, #4. 25 (50
ote Gh arenas. LOG LIK
BOSTON,
and pulled
mand,
hb
OrdOsh.® quin'
Trout, bbl.
Produce and Provision Marke.
NEW YORK, Oct 29.—Fiovr—Market exalted and 10a
‘0c hetter, but closed heavy and droeping, 06
6 for
bi
Western mixed.
Smyrna, washed
RGAE
17@30
Do. unwashed.
4@19
1@s
AGH
9@17
45
Do, a
Do, Ni *
+ 25@32
0, L
Do. No, 2. Peruvian, was!
85,65@5.75 for Inferior to good sbipplog brands extra round
hoop Ohio—closing dull and tendency downward. Cana-
divn @ shade better; sales at $3,50@6,40 fur common to
choice extra,
Gaat—Whent 2@40 better, bat the demand ia chiefly
specoladve, and the market c'os-d heavy. Sales at 135@
1330 for white Canadian: 112@1150 for common to
Milwaukee club; 1500 for do Kentucky Rye lower
at 86%" Barley more active and firmer: sales
East at86c, Corn steady: sales at 104%@1050 for Jersey
and Northern yellow; 10’c for Western mixed. Oats beter
At 45@iGe for State, and 4G@\6c for Western and Canadian.
Pnovisions—Pork market firmer, Sates ac ue
for mess; #10,93 for prime; 915,50@1%62 for uninspected
mess Lard tn dall and lower; sales 200 bbls at 4 @ll Ke,
Butier rteady at 1l~@18c for Ohi 15@2o for State,
Cheeso steady av 64@10c for commun to prime,
BUFFALO, Oct. 34 —Fiovr—Demand good and 5@l0c
better. Sales at #3,50@4 for floe: $1.75 for extra Wisconsin:
21.90@5,10 for extra Michigan, Indiana and Obio; $5,25@
6,75 for double extras.
Waeat—Market advanced {@7c daring the day for upper
lake spring, but closed duil and drooping. Sales No. 1 Chi-
cago spring at $1; No. 1 Milwaukee club at 81; Canada club
at 980@.31.03; Recine club to arrive at $1; amber Onin at
$1,11@1,20, white Canada at 91,25; white Kentucky at 91,35,
Corn firm; sales Toledo at 90c,” Other grains quiet,
ALBANY, Oct. 24 —PLour—Advanced 15 centa.
Gram—Wheat io lgot inquiry, Sales chole# white Mich-
Sgan at 91,301,420; Milwaukee club at $1,08@1,100; Cana
da clnb at $1.01. Harley in good demand and holders firm;
receipts monerate; sales Lockport at 78c; Yates coudty at
£00; handsome two-rowed, for prarling, at 8c; Canada
East, part to arrive, at 8c. Sales Oats at 434@ tio, welght,
OSWEGO, Oct. 24 —FLoun—Firm but unchanged.
Wikat—Opened firm and closed 2@30 better,
Ohicago sprog No.2 at #1,03@1,6c; Milwaukee club at
105e, Corn Quid owing to abseuce of suppltes Barley
and Rye quiek Outs are in light supply and somewhat
dull; sules Canada at 42c, to arrive,
peroaao, Oct, 4. —FLovur—Market buoyant and 10c
ieher.
On: Mi ebaol| and advanced ales sprinc at
‘om store; No, d'do at ono on boards Cort ne
Rud Sie higher sien at 708s, See oer ors ae
TORONTO, Oct, 23.—FLovr—The contlnned firmness of
the sheat market, and tbe bieh prices paid by exporters,
with the waut of a proportionate Imprevement in four, bas
checked the manufacture of the article, and the recelots,
both present and prospective, are small. The «mall offer.
Ings, the apparent Indisposition to operate, and above all
the advance frelgbts, have had a depressing tendene:
on the mark and Instead of prices symoathizing wit
wheat they have taken an opposice movement, and, if
SMarriages.
‘ON the 18th fost. by Rev. J. Woop , of Cohocton,
Steuben Co,, M NDREW SAORSON BROWN of Dane:
ville, Livingston Co., and Miss FRANK SHEPARD, of Avon.
Deaths.
Ar the residence of her brother, in Dansville, N. ¥., Oct.
15, of consumption, ROSE ANN STRIOKLAND, late of this
city, aged 29 years, Like ber sister, who died only five
wreks before, at the same place, and of the same disease,
she fell asleep in Jesus, witnessiog In her death, as io her
Iife, to the power of the Gospel of Curist.—W.
Oanada
Advertisements,
Terms of
Advertising— Twenty-Five Cents a line, each
insertion, A price and a balf for extra display, or 37% cts.
per Une of space. Sraciat Norices—following reading mat-
(er, (caded — Fifty Cents 4 Line. cach insertion. IN ADVASCE.
(27 The ciroutation of the RORAL NeWw-YORKER far exceeds
that of any similar journal in America or Europe, rendering
{t altogether the best Advertising Me¢inm of {ts clasa.
{2 All transient advertisements must be accompanied
with the cash, or a responsible reference, to secure insertion.
‘Those who send us advertisements to be published at prices
Shey specify, are respectfully advised that we are not in a
poaltion to allow any one to dictate terms—especially when
the demand upon our columns; at published rates, exceeds
the space appropriated for Adve
Sales
5() BUSHELS PRIME APPLE SEED, FOR
sale in lots to suit purchasers, J, R ‘y
SLES Skaneateles, N.Y.
SOMETHING NEW .—999 Agents can make from $21
+ to $23 per week, In anew and genteel employment, No
humbug, Sead stamp for particulars to
5
EW VOLUME—NEW STORY._LIFE ILL
N TRATED Is an elegant gaurta of giepk eau hee
a tride larger than the /Uuatrai lon Newsen
| perfect model of excellence in size, shape, and sentiment
and is, altogether, one of the most sound and rpanible: ol
Iike he theold folks ike youne folks ikele theennaies
ike it, the old folks like it, young fo! ren.
Ike le and the rest of the’ folks can keep house without
LIFE ILLUSTRATED.
The new volume of Lirs ILuvstraTED, commencing Octo-
ber 2), will contain a story from the pen of one of the best
American writers, entitled
THE SCHOOLMASTER'S WOOING;
A TALE oF New Esoiann,
which we have no hesitation In promising our readers will
be one of the bi ries ever written for newspaper col-
‘ Dmns; and ent i bas been the widely-read and
far-famed History indater’a Wooing. thst of the
Schoolmaster will be not less worthy of pubiic attention.
5123 FOWLER AND WELLS, New fork,
BADER, ir yon rene saplo mary at a ay, take
an a reas | stamo, for par! ar
stat” ““S'AC MYRICK & CO” tynn, Mites,
APPLE TREES FOR SALE CHEAP.—The Sub-
scribe has on his Farm near Falrport, Monroe county,
some 80,000 Apple Trees, compris\ng all the popular varle-
Hee, sraese trees are four years old. straight, torifty, with
fine fibrous roots, and in excellent condition for removal
| Asthe land is wanted for cultivation, the Trees will be
sold In quantities, delivered upon the premises,at very low
prices,
For particulars, inquire of Dr. M. Stroxa, Rochester, or
address my Ag-nt, CuARLes D, JOHNSON, Palmyra, N.Y.
October 13, 1859, (511-21) CARLTON H. ROGERS.
S ANBORN’S EASY FEED CUTTER
THE BEST IN USE,
Trs advantages are as follows:
is suitable for cutting Stacks, Hay, or STRAW.
il cut any length aire.
cheap and durable,
ar lore work, with less power, than
‘Manufactured and sold by
D. RB. BARTON and MoKINDLEY & PHELPS
611-68 No. 3 Buffalo street, Rochester, N. Y.
we
8338
HINGTON MEDALLION PEN.
{‘sthe drawn namber of the Patron's Ticket for
the first #eries of 104,000 $1,000 sil be paid to
the holder of that ticket on oresentution at the office of the
Company, 58 Cedar Street, New York,
e Second Series is now being fesued. The Pens are
| now all Extaa-Fise Points, and more perfectly made in
every respect than ever before, and are put up in new and
expensive boxes.
| Box 3,135 P.
AGENTS WANTED.—To «ell 4 new inven:
5000 As8 Agents bave made over $25,000 on ont
| better than all other similar sgencies, Send four stauips
and get 80 pages particulars, gravis,
610-136 EPHRAIM BROWN, Lowell, Mass.
“QHAWMUT MILLS" ROCHESTER — We con-
tinue to do CUSTOM GRINDING at the lowest rat
and baying improved the machinery of our mill for that
purpose, we pledge ourselves to give full satisfaction to all
customers,
We have for sale at all times, wholesale and retail, the
| best and most reliable brands of Flour. Also, Corn Meal,
Rye Flour Mill Feed and Screenings at the lowest prices,
and we solicit the attention of the farming community,
) JAS, M. WHITNEY & Co.
Brown's Race, Rochester, Sept, 25, 1859.
New York.
G2Bt THs BEST
WEBSTER'S UNABRIDGED DICTIONARY,
New Pictorial Edition,
1500 PICTORIAL ILLUSTRATIONS,
e000, to 10,000 NEW WORDS in the Vocab-
ulary.
| Table of SYNONYMS, by Prof. Goodrich.
Table Giving Pronunciation of Names of 8,000
DisUinguished Persons of Mudern Times.
Peculiar Use of Words ond Te: in the Bible,
With other new features, together with all the matter of
previous editions,
IN ONE VOLUME OF 1750 PAGES.
PRICE $6.50. SOLD BY ALL BOOKSELLERS,
“GET THE BEST." GET WEBSTER.
G. & C. MERRIAM, ®pringfletd, Mass
G1OSt)
| DEAFNESS CURED, HOWEVER CAUSED,
by anew method. Address Dr, BOARDMAN, person-
ally or by letter, at No, 974 Broadway, New York. ' 609-4
see
AGENTS WANTED !— POPE GREGORY'S
OROSS AND WEATHER MIRROR! A very valaable
Cortosiry. Consulted every day by every body, Send
stamp for particulars, which are free.
609 G. OLARK. Drawer 212, Rochester, N. Y.
EXICO ACADEMY, MEXICO, OSWEGO
00., N. ¥_—The Winter Term of this long-established
| Institution opeos December 6th. Its thoroughness and
popularity continue undiminished. For particulars address
607-1 J.D, SCEELE, A. B., Principal,
anything re lower than at the date of ourlast. The fol-
lowing are the weneraily received anotations: Double
tra, 85.114 @5, Xtra. 94.874@5,05; fancy. 81,60G4,65
supsifine No, 1, $4,9)@ 1,974; superfine, No, 2, e4, 0G 415
omtmen!, 83.50.
226 SANDERSON & BRO., Newark, New York.
pi TREES-2% to 4 feet high, budded on Wild
Pium, at $12.60 per 10°. 1.000 Dwarf Apple, very cheap,
And a geoeral assortment for retail,
612 Ii. C. BINGHAM & CO., Brantford, 0. W.
=i)
)
X MORE AGENTS wanted to go Sonth, to sell
to the undersigaed, at Vict
612 HN.
Oolton’s atlases on commission. Avply immediately
Cayuea county, N. ¥.
OR WOOD, General Agent.
BPURS,
TRY
JAMES PYLE
DIBTHTIC SALBRATUS,
‘Tre Bast article ever prepared for making toholesome
BREAD. Sold by Grocers everywhere, it
2-4t
ie Hevs=x=z
rates, that they come
aod wet weather,
ANDRE LEROY’S NURSERIES,
AT ANGERS, FRANCE.
The Proprietor of these Nurseries, the most extensive in
the world, bas the honor to inform bis numerous friends
| and the pubiic, that his Catalogue of Fruit and Orna-
mental Trees, Shrubs, Roses, Seedlings, Frutt Stook:
for the present season, js now ready and at their dispo
Apply as heretofore, to FP. A. BRUGULER
607-Lamat G1 Cedar street, New York.
JTRAWBERRY SEED FOR SALE.—We havea
» few packages of StrRAWBERRY Seep, each package con-
taining more than 15,000 seeds from Hovey’s Seep.ina, Wu
SON'S ALBANY, McAvoy, EBanLy Soarter, and other leading
forts, which we have taken to dispose of for a worthy gar-
| dener, This is an excellent opportunity for the amateur
| who wishes to try his hand at ralsing new varieties of Straw-
berries, Price #1 per package. Address “ Runat" office.
Depot 345 Washington, cor, Franklin st,, N.Y.
LOO WINGTON NURSERY, ILL._SO ACRES,
A General Assortment of Fruit and Ornamentals —
AppLe GRaAPra fine, 1 to 3 {c, $35; 5 to 7 feet, $95 per 1,000,
A 4: Raspoerary, Orange,
Wasany, Wilson's Albany, $1,50: Totes, of 20 foe
named sorts, single and double, $1; Linnmus Roope,
Jarge roots, $10, APPLE Sroogs, grafting size, 10.000, #30, &c.
aa ah New Bulbs and Wholesale Outalogues out,
a
(2. F. K. PHOENIX.
00.000;
FRUIT TREES FOR SALE,—
0,000 Standard and Dwarf Pears, 1 andi yrs,
10,00) Tompkins Oo, King App'é Trees, 8 years, ‘#12 per 10U,
10,090 Oherry Crees, extra floe, 2 years, $10 per 100.
10,00) Peach Trees, 1 and 2 years, 83 per 100.
20,000 Apple Trees, leading varieties, $10 per 100.
15,000 Isabella. Catawba and Oiloton Grapes,96 to $12 per 109,
10,000 Cherry Seediings. $5 per 1,000,
Also, Plam Trees, Quinces, Currants, Raspberries, Straw- |
berries, Gonseberrles, and various other articles of Nursery
sto. ail forsale very cheap by | ANSON BItaMfal
12-1 Weat Hill Nurseries, Ithac
\ GRICULTURAL PUBLISHING HOUSE.—
Havlog purchased the entire stock and business of A,
0; Moone € Go. Aanicotrunst PoDLisitens aND Dooksnut:
Bas, (formerly O, M. Saxten & Co,,) and uolced the same to
Our busiaess as heretofore coniicted, we now offer to the
public the most extensty tof works on 4 GRICUL-
Tonk, HORTIOULTORE, RURAL Al d Domestic Ecoxomy,
that can be found In the world,
It will be our purpose to keep constantly on hand a full
supply of everything In our ling, and all orders and inqul- |
rles addressed to us will recelve prompt attention, |
Complete Catalogues of our pubtlcations, which embrace
the BioorarnrcaL Senres and MDE LLANEODS Works, for-
merly oupiished by Miller, Qrfoweé Co., will be forwarded
fo aby a 'es8 upon application.
5 pong SAXTON, BARKER & CO.,
Apricultoral Pablishers and Booksellers, and Publishers of
+ Tae Honticouronisr," 25 Park Row, New York.
Having disposed of my interest in the Agricultural Book
Business to Messrs O M, Saxton, Barker & Oo, (my friend,
Mc. 0, M. Saxton, having been formeriy my partner.) I can
cordially commend my successors to the agricultural pub-
Tic, with the assurance that the cause for which Mr. Saxton
an myself have for years corjolntly and separately labored, |
will not suifer by this transfer. 4.0. Moonn. * |
New York, Oct, 20, 1859. Site
OCHESTER PREMIUM CUTTING BOX.—
We tuke pleasure in calling the atteatlon of dealers,
Sod all who sell or use OnrTriNa-
Rocuestan Peep Gorter,
Simplicity and Utility \o
doit
food qu alit! ring from 54 to Sic,
# bushel—Globe,
The Cattle Markets,
ALBANY, Oct-21. —Oarrie—The receipts are again large
—much larger than buyers anticloated on Saturday, ‘The
total by railroad last week was 317! id 236 over the turn-
pike—In all, S415. This week the total hy rallroad ls $519,
and 125 over the turoplke—3515 to y
In view of the comparatively f
speculations last week entered t
consiterahle spirit, taking four of
Of which has been shipoed Uurgugh hy then
Uhat they will meet with ready sales there
are howeve bi
train after
they showed
a
‘Yo
rer, that although
nd is now some-
13.
one xéS, to our Improved
% no great A degree that it must |
commend itself to every man atOrstalght. It does lts work |
With the GREATEST EASE AND RaFIDITY, cUttIDg COBN-STALKS,
eltber wet or dry, with EQUAL BASE 48 HAY orsTRaw. There
$8 no chance for clogglog; it is self-feeding, cutting from
five-elghths to one inch to fength
An extensive dealer In Agricultural Implements says of
our Feed Outter:—" We conslaer It the MosT PeRFect CUT-
TER MADR, and offer them to our frieads with the roLtest
CONFIDENCE.’
\ 24o@?' Le
¢ at ti red pea: have chanted bi
—The trade ts not so act
recelots Inst which tended to low
ie DASE six day:
200 at $3,060 # head; 915 at 80
5
1 Sales 101 800 Bs.; 200,
‘¥100 Be—average 176 BR—Atlas and Argus,
CAMBRIDOR.
Oct, 19 —At market 2541 cattle, abont 1200
bere and 138) aiaree consisting of working oxen, cows
Prices:
earings, t d three years old.
lrker beet Extra 87,007,755 frst quallty,
eype7s oj, gecond quality, 6,00; third quality, 94,50;
STORES—Working oxen, $90, $100G1%; cows and calves.
ae asi POS WEIL; two years old, #16620;
SAREP AND LAMBS—7HO0 at
apa 1.60 ash. Extra ant Pa es #1,00,
ae ALLOW—7@7 Mc
4h AL
yy hand or horse power.
wners of the right
tes,
GORDON,
‘ochester, N.Y.
INTER WORK !—From fires to fine dollars per
W: York easy and pleasan|
daycan be made. Worl G6. Grates S04
stam) *
woot at Drawer 313, Rochester, N. Y.
ow
Pleach Car 10G129 ¥ D,
a machine combining Strength, | is
ROFITABLE EMPLOYMENT!
AN IMPORTANT WORK FOR AGENTS,
JUST PUBLISHED,
THE LIFE, SPEECHES AND MEMORIALS
or
DANIEL WEBSTER,
CONTAINING HIS MOST CELEBRATED ORATIONS,
A Selection from the Eulogles delivered on the occasion
of his Death, and bis Life and Times.
BY SAMUEL M. SMUOKER, LL. D.
In one ais volume of 650 pages, printed on fine paper
and bound in beautiful style; coutainiog excellent tint
iMvstrations of bis Birthplace and Mansion at Marsbfeld;
and a fulllengtb, life-lke Steel Portralt The Publisher
offers It with confidence to the American public, and is con-
vinced that i will supply an important want in American
literature. No work was to be obtained heretofore, which
Presented, within a compact and convenient compass, the
chief events of the life of Daniel Webster, bls most remark-
able intellectual efforts, and the most valuable and interest
ing eulogles which the great men of the nation uttered in
honor of bis memory.
We present all these treasures In this volume, at a very
| moderate price, and in a very convenient form. | Subscrip-
ten, price, In cloth, $1,75; handsomely embossed leather,
‘ample coples sent by mall, post pald, on recelpt of sub-
scription price
Circular, giving contenta of the work, and Catalogue of
my Publications, will besent freeupon application, Address
DUANE RULISON, Publisher,
606-13t 83 South Third Street, Philadelphia, Pa.
Wi Verse te ss BrFPIP DB.
THE CHEAPEST & MOST DURABLE IN USE.
We have been anable during the past three months to
supply the demand for this Pipe, but have recently made
arrangements for the manufacture on a more extended
scale, and hope hereafter to be able to fill all orders
romptly.
Piphis Pipe fs made of Pine Timber, In. sections elght feet
lon Itls easily laid down, not llable to get out of order,
and If properly ald, Is the most durable of any kind of
¢ In use,
We can produce any amount of evldenceof its durability,
capacity, strength and superiority over any other,
he price of the size commonly used for farm purposes,
4 cents per foot at the Pactory.
ur Munufactory is at Tonawanda, Erle Oo., but orders
should be directed to us at44 Arcade, Rochester, N.Y.
606 LS. HOBBIE & Go.
OT A HOMBUG.—Wanted, one or more Youns Mea
in each State to travel, io hone wilt be pal a0 to bid
per month, and expenses.” For. pa ™
| stamp. M. ALLEN & CO. Plalgtows Nee satis
HE LOGAN GRAPE.— lest ripening, biac
Le SS an ap ei
Was sent to us this year eaglier than any Other grape growD
Outof doors. Berry oval: bunch compact
{Our Muatrated and Descriptive Catalogue efovert
of Grapes, st Spplicants who Inclose a st re
fo 0. B, BISSELL & SALTER, Rochester, N. ¥.
RUE DELAWA RAPE VINES, PROPA-
Trate tro te tna otp Si Also. Cos
ebecea,
Dew Varieties, 91 to" ied ready
Pee cay in MEBELD
FEMALE SEMINARY
ugust, 1859,
| PHIPPS UNION, FEMALE SPYPNARY,
f this Institution. commences on
syne next School Year or caber next. Wor Terma, see
Catalogue at this Office, or apply to
Fall and Winter Campaign —1859-60,
NCew is THE TIM
TO SUESCRIDE FOR AND CIRCULATE
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
The leading and largest circulated AORICULTORAL, LITKnARY
AnD FAMILY Newsparen. as a New Quarter commenocs with
October. “The Runat is widely known as the Best and Most
Popular Journal of its class—its Contents being of the first
order, (Useful, Entertaining and Pure,) and its APPRARANOR
unique and attractive. Though published [ess than ten
years, itis theacknowledged \
CHAMPION or THE RURAL PRESS
in Ability, Enterprise and Circulation! It not only treats
ably and fully upon Agriculture, Horticulture, Rural Archi-
tecture, &c., but has many other distinct aed carefully con-
ducted Departments—under wuch headings as Domestic
Economy, Educational, The Traveler, Ladies’ Portfolio,
Choice Miscellany, Sabbath Musings, Useful Ollo, (Sclentific,
&o.,) The Story Teller, Young Youth's Corner, &c,;
with a complete Summary of News, Market Reports, Bo, bo,
The present (10th) volume Is pronounced, by {ts Patrons
and the Press, the most perfect model of a Borat axo
Famiy Jouxwat ever published, and we Invite a compari.
son with any others extant.
THE ELEVENTH VOLUME, FOR 1860,
Will FoLty equat the present in all respects—In Quality of
Matter, Paper, Printing, Lilustrations, &c., £0, As the long
evenings and leisure of Winter are comiog on apace, all
friends of the Runat and Its objects are Invited to subscribe
and form Clubs for the leading advocate and promoter of
Real "Progress and Improvement" —a Journal which ever
ignores trash and humbug, and falthfully seeks tc advance
the Best Interests of Individuals, Pamiiles, Communities
and the Country.
Style, Terms, &c.—The Rona Is published Weekly,
each number comprising Eront Dovpur Quanto Paoss
(forty columns) — printed and {ustrated In superior stylo—
With Title Page, Index, &c,, at close of volume, Only #2a
year — 81 for six months—with great reduotion and liberal
{inducements to clubs and agents. Local Club-Agents want.
ed In every section where the Runat Ig not clrculated.
£2 Specimens, Show-Bills, &c,, s
We shall be glad to furnish "the to any and alt
persons desirous of examining ne the " Barcel
sior” Rural and Family Weekly of America,
Address D. D, T, MOORE, Rochester, N. Y,
Newspapers giving the aboye brief Prospect dd di-
xasttbg pricntion ata Re wll rseve tet
oO ie Ror, and also the last of 10th vy,
desired,) without sending to us in exchange, peat
ACRES OF HANNIBAL AND 8T.
600.000 sSSRE RAILROAD LANDS, For Sale o&
Long Credit and at Low Rates of Interest.
Toese Lands, granted by Congress to ald
the Road, Ue.to a great extent within Si
within Fifteen Miles of the Ko
through a country unsurpasse
mate and fertility of lis Soil.
free to all applicants,
ring to better his condition, to parties
ney In the West, or any Ip search of a
Prosperous Home, these Lands are commended
For full particulars apply to JOSIAH HUNT,
Land Commissioner Hannibal and 8t, Joseph Railroad,
505-136 Hannibal Mo,
EW GROCERY ESTABLISHMENT,
No. 20 Front Street, Rochester, N. ¥.
JOIN J. JARVIS bas opened a Grocery Store, where
gan be had a cholce tot of Groceries — Teas, Uoffees,
Sugurs, Molasses, Soloes, Raising, Prunes, Zante Currants,
Nutmegs, Indigo, Tobacco, Olxars, &c.
JOIN J. JARVIS.
Rochester, Sept. 13, 1859. 604-13¢
any Guano
this count
It
id or
th It, as is the case with some
farmers, app!
606-18t
Ah HOUSEKERPERS. —SOMETHING NEW.
B. T. BABBITT’S
BEST MEDICINAL SALERATUS, °
Gis macufactured from common salt, and is pre-
pared eotirely diferent from other Saleratus
an
EB
70
All the deleterious matter extracted in auch a
manner as to produce Bread, Biscult, and all
kinds of Cake, without containing a partlale of
Saleratus when the Bread or Oake la buked;
thereby producing wholesome resulta, Every
particle of Saleratus !s turned to gas and passes,
through the Bread or Biscult while Baking: con-
sequently nothing remains but common Balt,
Water and Flour, You will readily percelve by
ithe taste of this Saleratus that it isentirely diger-
ent from other Saleratus — *
| It is oacked In one pound papers, each wrapper
branded, "B. £. Babbltt’s Beat Medicin,
itus;"* also, pict twisted loaf of br
Beer
MAKE YOUR OWN SOAP,
with
B. T. Babbitt’s Pure Concen-
trated Potash.
[Warranted double the atrength of ordinary Pot-|
Jash. Putup in cans—1 B,,2is,,3 M., 6.28 and
6815 fha.—with full directions for making Hard and
Soft Soap, Consumers will find this the cheapeat
yp |Potash in’ market,
Manufactured and for sale by
0 . T. BABBITT,
7 Nos. 68 and 70 Washington st., New York,
601 ‘and No, 83 India at,, Boston,
M*=®= YouR_own soap.
SAPONIFIDA:
oR,
PURE CONCENTRATED POTASH.
Warranted double the strength of ordinary Potash, One
und will make twelve gallons ood strong Soap, without
Rineacd with tule trouble. Manufactured and put up ta
1, % 4and6 ©, cans, in lunps, wits directions, atthe OaALe
Lavoe CHeioaL Works, New York.
&. R DORKER & CO,
181 Pearl street, N. Y,, Proprietors
Bold everywhere, 500.28
Homes Ss FOR ALL!
FOR SALE,
At @1,25 per Acre, desirable FARMING LANDS in
Eastern Kentucky, and Middle Tennessee,
Wepters yumi Stands io Sullivan and Elk Oountles
Pennsylvania.
Amxnioas EMORAS® AID awp Hi
Cer wo ide Broadway, New York, tt
FArnPogt CHEMICAL WORKS,
Be Pat DeLAND, “
fe favor and patronage which
font eae him by tae Trade nad obsera ene eee
mencement of his enterprise,
trons and the public generally
facilites be continues to mauufacture
SALERATUS, PURE
BON are OF
T.
baat CAB
by acy thr Sasa
er manu!
turer, {on every case warr: Pi
Guallly’ Orders respectfully woileltad Art nap afe ROE
ta Consumers of Saleralus. Cream i and Bl Gar.
bonate of Soda ghould be careful to purchase that having
f D. B.
Snare aie eate oh wb ante wl
rt, Monroe Go,, N. ¥,
STOR HO)
A ‘Milk used here cm he
ot
express and
Poultry,
use for Wood or
L. AOHILLES, Proprietor,
Albion, N. ¥., Auz. & 1859. Hntty
bla —Co:
Gith”? Op: PAGE. Boon
THE APPLES OF NEW ENGLAND.
BY MES M. A DENISON.
A atonrovs enxo on # glorious theme. Let os no
Jonger slavder tbe Gulden Pippo end Bel-flower as
appice of discord, but hereafter look om tnem as fore
yupnere of peace, as the “Early Harvest” of good
‘Mbinge.
‘Tur apples of New Englond!
Tow bung their loaded boughs,
Over the gray stone fences,
In rench of the dappled cows;
Ob! every red-cheeked Baldwim
Hatha merry song to eing
OF owe 10 mors roofed cottage,
Where the farmer ina king.
‘Yer, Kiog of bis Dorsting scree,
Whose grain takes n thousand huce
To the wonder-tinting sumebin!
Yeo, king to bis cobbled shoes
King of the sturdy plowspare;
Kiog of the sickle keen
King over God's full meadows,
Budding in white and green.
‘Tho Rosacts of New England!
What ruddy Ores they see,
Where the crack of the veloy walowt
And the crack in tbe pine agree;
Where the herds bang bigb in tne chimney,
And the cat purrs on the hearth,
And the frolicking boy» guces riddles,
With ony a ehout of mirth.
And they bear the fearful stories
That trouble the children’s sleep,
Of ghonts seen in the valleys,
And spectres in the deep;
And they bi heir sides with Isoghing,
And fiing Weir rich wines round,
Or dance to janing piping,
As the co 8 White ata bound.
Oh! the Swoetings of New Enolondt
OF the old Rode Island stock —
Rigen from the Eogiish gardene
grace the land of rook ;
As fair as Britain's dangbters,
As hardy vs ber men;
Bout fairer Jada and Jasses
Have plucked ber Jruit since them
Ob! the Pearmain of New Englands
With its blended milk ond rose,
‘There's a eme)) of Albion's orcnards
Wherever the good tree growe;
A stout old pilgrim broogbt it,
And to eradte tie seed be broke
‘The pacred soil of Hartford,
By the roots of the Charter Oak
Ob! the Pippins of Now Eoglandt
What Jovers?’ omiies they sec,
When their yellow coats in lettera
‘Tell tates at the apple-bee:
‘What rosy checks at the quiltinge,
What kissing in bussing time!
That svon lead off to the parson,
Or end in wedding chime.
Ob! the apples of New England!
‘They are fumovs tn every Jand;
And they sleep to the sliver baskets,
Or blueh in a Jewelled hand;
‘They ewell in deliciovs dreawieg
On 2 beaniifal erimaon lip,
Aud lasie of the neoiared Dilseos
No lover has dared w sip.
‘They go to the gonthern islands,
They go to the western wild,
And they tel} of their glorious Dirth-place
To every frolicking child;
Of the home where men are noble,
And the women as good as fair—
Ob! the apples of New Bogland,,
Thoy are welcome every wbere!
ANYTHING HERE FOR D. B.?
BY LBINAD.
Tom and I bad just come up from brealtfast. It
had been asorry one, and we were discontented
and vexed. Threats of removal had been made
for months; but the horrors of moving, even to
two comparatively unencumbered bachelors, had
Prevented the accomplishment. We were in the
Trishman’s first floor ofa boarding-house, where
all the miseries, and none of the “comforts of a
home,” had been borne by us for months.
“Dudley” —Tlooked up from my paper—“ Dud-
ley, we must move; I can't, I shan’t endure it any
Jopger. This elevation in lodgings don’t tend to
Aacorresponding elevation of Spirits. This plain
fare may be bealthfal, but it’s decidedly uncomfort-
able. This vile coffee might have been a fair in-
fliction on Job, but, in my present condition, I
don’t feel called upon to endare such fare, So, ‘as’
ion Jovest me, Dud,’ look up different quarters,
and I will as ever be your obedient chum,”
I replied nothing, but turned overto the “Board
and Rooms” column of the Herald, I found
nothing that would do,
“Well, Tom, I will put an advertisement in the
Psper, and await the result. How the “elegant
brown stone fronts, in genteel Jocations, references
exchanged, dinner at six o'clock,’ ete., will flow
‘0 upon us.”
The morning thereafter you might haye read the
following advertisement:
“Two you
second or th):
went into Godfrey's, and
© boy behing the P, ili
“ Apything bere for D. By» ost-Oftice roiling, —
“A few,” was the’ response; and he showed me
a pile consisting of some thirty or forty letters,
euch bearing the superscription « DB.” It was
preity aight, that two score of letters, Hero a
neat white envelope, with the letter, delicately
traced as if by the pen of a fairy; there a business
» boll, with great masculine chirography; but these
$ epistles were all on the most material Of subjects,
stop; I caunot recollect that.
and I did not stop for sentiment. The boy WAS
Paid bis demanded charge; bis quizzical, inquist-
live, impudent face lefe unnoticed, while 1 satdown
to read these answers to our inquiries.
As vehr as I can now remember—all this bap-
pened some four years ogo—the first one I opened
rao thus:
“My Dean Miss—(Miss! some mistake bere)—
Your inquiry in yesterday's Herald (ob! Ieee, a
mere slip of the pen—Miss for Messrs.)—was seep,
ond awakened in my beart (visions of —— dollars
& week in advance, fire and Jights extrs,) sesa-
tions such o8 it bad not known for years. I bave
long sought for one, (there are two of us, won't do
I'm afraid,) to take the nt room (sentimental
boarding-bouse proprietor this) 1m my sovl.”—
(Soul! what does this mean? We dou’t wanta
room in his soul. Is the fellow duft? Its ad-
dressed toD. B.” Says, “ Your advertisement in
the Herald of yesterday.” What con it mean 2)
Just at this moment light began to come in upon
my darkened and confused mind. Jasked the boy
for o yesterday's Herald, and there | found, under
the head matrimonial, the following advertwhement:
“A young lady of good family in this city, with
omple fortune, tired of the psincertties of tasbion-
able society, desires to cultivate the acquaivtance
ofa young man of like social position, wish a view
to matrimovy, Please address, D. B., Union
Square Post Office.”
The puzzle was over. There were two D.B.’'s
in the world, and I bad some letters belonging to
the other; morcover I os b reading them—
reading # lady’s privat arespondene T sat
and thought awhile. The indetitness of the adver-
tisement either teils of woeful, igoorance, or the
pravk of some one of the fun-loving school-gir)s of
New-York; sono great harm will be done to the
feelings of the writer. I can only open them all,
aud hand back to the boy those for the other
D.B.
It was time to explain to him, however—fur the
young official stood gazing at me, os I sat with the
first opened letter in my band, and with all the
others untouched beside me, I told it all to him,
whatI proposed doing; he assented, sstovished
that such a coincidence should have bappeved,
even in that place of queer doings, Union Square
Post-Office, Iturned tomy correspondence again;
the next was as it should be, a business offer of
rooms; the next a matrimonial one. I had got
about to the tenth of these alternate layers of
matrimony and boarding-houses, when a Judy en
tered the store. I have reason to remember ber,
and I think I can describe her appearance even at
this time, Sbe was of medivm height, and this
means five feet two inches in woman, with brown
hair, worn, os a handsome one of the sex will always
weor it, behind the ears; abazel eye, cheeks just
tinged with rosy coloring, pouty, yet inviting
lips; and her band was ungloyed, showing not the
exquisite taper 60 much admired in ideal, yet sel-
dom seen, but a charming chubbivess. Her foot
(this I have learned since) was a pretty one, and
expressed us much by its tapping as the flashing
of many a beauty’s eyes. She wore—bere ] must
She was dressed
With taste; whether her bonnet was stramor silk,
her dress green or gray, 1 can’t sey. Imagive
what would be becoming such a one us I have de.
scribed, and you have what she wore, provided
you are w lady reader.
it was asort of a mischievons glance that she
threw at me, as sbe pasted me perched on the high
counter stool, with the pile of Jetters at my side;
bat she stopped net, and walking upto the pigeon-
hole where letters are delivered, she asked the
very same question I had asked ten minutes be
before—“ Anything here for D. B.?" The boy
pushed his bead from the sanetwm, and turned two
imploring, puzzled, quizzicul eyes on me. The
lady turned also—{ looked in vain for relief, aud
for two instanfs—they seemed moments then—
three puzzled faces were gazing together.
“Miss,” I begain, and I went through with an
explanation, how I was “D. B.;” that I bad
opened some letters, end now advised the opening
of the remuinder, tendered an apology, etc., etc.,—
in fact, stumbled through the best sort of an ex-
planation my confused intellect would allow.
Tsbould like to see again the expression I saw
in thut face, a8 the color came and went; then
abode there until the whole countenance was suf-
fused with blushes; and then the tears came, and
the little foot patted hurriedly.
1 was prepared forempurrassments, for blushes,
but for tears—no, not for them; and I stood still
like a convicted school-boy. She remained stand-
ing, al30; a queer picture was it, this side-view in
the great panorama of New York life. At last I
offered the letters.
“Idon’t wish them, sir, Iwas but jokiog—how
foolish!” and she turned from the store.
She went across the Park, up Broadway, then
into one of the twenty streets. I know, because I
was near her—yes, walking by her side; and when
we stopped at No, —, Daisy Bartlett and Dudley
Barnwell were conversing easily and freely,
“Tt had been a joke, and she had not expected
such a finale, She did not wanta busband ob-
tained in this way. “She thougbt,” with a sly
smile, ‘abe might get one in a more womanly
manner. IfI could get a mutual acquaintance to
introduce me, she would be glad to know me; but
she was not romantic enough to consider the co-
incidence of the two ‘D, B.'s” a sufficient claim to
8n acquaintance.” So we talked, or she did, and
I congratulated myself on obtaining evidence of
her impression that I was a gentleman ; for, if not,
why should she advance apologies for conduct of
hors?
Tleft heratthedoor. Iwent home; Itold Tom,
and be sat back in his luxurious old rocking-chair
and laughed.
“Well, will you find the mutual Acquaintance?
and will you cultivate the acquaintance of Miss D,
B.? and will you—ob! itis rich,” and he relieved
himself by more ha, ha’s! “ine eyes; yes, I
see, only a joke—not foolishly romantic—must
have a knowledge of your antecedents— your
family—before she will receive you as an acquaint-
ance, Yes, I see; but don’t she know that you
will find the mutualacquaintance. Let mebe seer
and prophet for a time.” Tom stood up andgazed
at vacancy in the orthodox, oracle style. ‘I see
in the dim future a castle—an airy one; yet not
t all in the clonde, but resting on the more tangible
foundation of terra firma; in that castle site a
mao and woman—busbaod and wile; material
furviture is there, and lo! my iocreasing vision
Sees on a wall, in a room, in tbat oforesvid struc-
ture, agilded frame, whichencircles two advertise-
mepts—the one asks for a room, the other fora
husband; the faces of the psir seem ‘to sey that
the advertisements bave been answered — that
Daisy Bartlett bas a busband, and Dudley Barn-
weil @ room—room in Daisy's heart. What say
you eld fellow »”
Reader, if yon will come up town, and see me—
us, I mean—I will tell you bow true a prophet
Tom was; tell you tbat I asked some if there was
ca thing there fur D. B.2” and how she an-
swered. —Home Journal.
MARRIAGE—WOMAN'’S MISSION.
ReEAvER, marriage is not the end of life; it is
but the beginning of a new course of daties; but
I cannot now follow Beulab, Henceforth, her
bistory is bound up with another's. To save ber
husband from his unbelief, is the Jabor of her
future life. She had learned to suffer, and to bear
patienty; and though her path looks suppy and
ber beart throbs with boppy Hopes, this one
shadow lurks over her home, and dims her joys.
Weeks and months glided swifly on, Dr. Hart-
well’s face lost its stern rigidity, his smile
became constantly genial. His wife-was his idol;
day by day, bis iove for her seemed more com-
pletely to revolutionize his nature. His cynicism
melted insensibly away ; bis lips forgot their iron
compression; now snd then his long-forgotten
lavgh rang through the house. Beulah was con-
scious of the power she wielded, and trembled
lest she failed to employ it properly. One Sabbath
afternoon she satin her room, with her cheek on
ber band, absorbed in earnestthought. Her little
Bible lay on ber Jap, and she was pondering the
text she bad beard that morning. Charon came
and nestled his huge head sgainst her, Presently
she heard the quick tramp of hoops and whir of
wheels; and soon after her husband entered and
sat down beside her.
““Whet are you thinking of?” said he, passing
his band over ber head carelessly.
“Thinking of my life—of the bygone years of
Struggle.”
“Toey ore past, and con trouble you no more,
‘Let the dead bury its dead !’””
* “No, my past can never die, Ponder it offen,
it dors me good; strengthens me by keepibg me
bumble. I was just thoking of the dreary, deso-
Jate days and nights I passed, searching for a true
philosophy, and going further astray with ever:
effort. I was so proud of my intellect; puf so
much faith in my own powers: it was no wonder
I was so benighted,”
“Where ia your old worship of genius” asked
her husband, watching her curiously,
“Thave not Jost it all. I hope I never shal),
Human gevius hus accomplished a vast deal for
man's temporal éxiatgnce. “he physicalseiences
have beea wheeled f0Mvard in the marvh of mind,
and man’s earthly path gemmed with all that o
merely sensval nature could desire, Bot looking
aside from these channels, What bas it eflected for
philosophy, that great burden which constantly
recalls the fabled Iubors of Sisyphus and the
Danaides? Since the rising of Beth'ebem's stor,
mm the cloudy sky of polytheism, what has human
genius discovered of God, eternity, destiny ?
Metaphysicians build gorgeous cloud palaces, but
the soul cannot dwell in their cold, misty atmos.
ebere. Antiquarians wrangle and write; Egypt's
moulderiog monuments are roked from their
desert graves and made the theme of soventific
debate; but bas all this learned disputation con-
tributed one iota to cléar the thorny way to strict
morality? Put the Bible out of sigbt, aud how
much will homan intellect discover concerning
our origin—our ultimate destiny? Ina the morn-
ing of time, sages handled these vital questions,
and died, not one stop nearer the truth than when
they began, Now, our pbilesopbers struggle,
earnestly aud honestly, to make plain the same
‘oscrutuble mysteries, Yes, blot out the records
of Moses, and we wonld grape in starless night;
for notwithstanding the many priceless blessings
it has discovered for man, the torch of science
will never pierce and illumine the recesses over
which Almighty God has bung his veil, Here we
see, indeed, as ‘through a glass, darkly.” Ye
believe the day is already dawniog when scientific
data will not only cease to be antagonistic to
scriptural accounts, but will deepen the impress
of Divinity on the pages of boly writ ;*when the
torch shall be taken ae hands of the inf.
del, and set to bur. temple of the living
God; when Science and Religion shall link hands
I revere the lonely thinkers to whom the world
is indebted'for its ran inventions, TI honor the
tireless laborers who toil in laboratories; who
Sweep midnight skies in search of new worlds;
who upheave primeval rocks, hunting for footsteps
of Deity; and I believe that every scientific fact
will ultimately proye but another lamp, planted
along the path which leads to a knowledge of
Jehovah! Ab! it is indeed peculiarly the duty
of christians ‘to watch, with revérence and joy,
the unveiling of the august brow of Nature, by
the hand of Science; and to be ready to call man-
kind to a worship ever new!” Human thought
Subserves many useful, nay, noble ends; the
Creator gave it, as a powerful instrument, to
improve man’s temporal condition; but oh, sir,
I speak of what I know when I say, alas for the
soul who forsakes the divine ark, and embarks on
the gilded toys of man’s invention, hoping to
breast the billows of life, and be anchored safely
in the harbor of eternal rest! The heathens.
‘haying no law, are a Jaw unto themselves;’ but
for such as deliberately reject the given light,
only bitter darkness remains. I know it; for 1;
too, once groped, wailing for help.”
“Your religion is full of mystery,
husband, gravely. ;
“Yes, of divine mystery. Truly, ‘a God com-
prehended is noGodat all!’ Christianity is clear,
as to rules of life and duty. There is no mystery
left about the — to man; yet there is a
”
said her
divine mystery infolding it, which tells of its
divine origin, aod promises o failer revelation
when mao 1s fitted to receive it, If it were pot
£0 we would call it man's invention, You tura
from Revelation, becwuse it conta pa tome things
You caopot comprehend; yet you Plooge into a
deeper, darker mystery, when You embrace the
theory of an eteroat, selbexiating voiverse, hav-
jog no intelligent creator, yet constantly creating
intelligent beiogs, Sir, can Jou understand how
matter creates miod ?””
She laid ber Bible on his knee, her folded bonds
rested upon it, aod ber gray eyes, clear aud earn-
est, looked up reverently into ber husband's noble
face. His soft band wandered over ber head, and
he seemed pondering her words,
May God aid the wife in her holy work of love.
— Beulah,
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA.
Tax composed of 4 leuern,
My 1, 2, 4 in a falsenond,
My 1, 4 8,216 4 men’s name
My 8, 2, 4 18 to atiompt to equal.
¥ 4,8 416 4 Woman's name,
My 1, 4, 4 is the side opposite to the wimal
Wit and Humor,
PROFESSIONAL “JoKERS,»»
Clerical.
A RENOWNED clergyman of New York Iately
preached rather a long sermon from the text—
“Thou art werghed io the balance and found want-
ing.” After the congregation bad listened about
4n bour, some began to get weary and went out;
others soon followed, greay to the anuoysnce of
the minister. Aoother person started, wbereupon
the parson stopped in his sermon, and said:—
“Thats right, Reotlemen; as fast as you arg
weighed, pars out!” He continued bis se) mon at
Tevgth, but no one disturbed bim after that,
A cLenayMAN from a town near Providence,
R. 1., nod one of his elderly parishioners, were
walking bome from church one Toy day lust winter,
when the old gentleman slipped apd fell flat on hig
back. The mivister looked av him a moment, aud
being assured he was not much bort, said to him,
“Friend, sinners stand on slippery places.” The
old gentleman looked up, as if to assure himself
of the fuct, and suid, “I see they do, but T can't.”
Medical.
Doctor Bouus, who was very angry when any
joke was passed on bis profession, once said :—“J
defy aby person whom I ever attended, to accuse
me of ignorace or neglect.” “That you may do
safely, doctor,” replied a wag, ‘dead men tell no
tales.
“Doctor,” ssid a gentleman to o physician,
“my davgbter had a fit this morning, avd con-
tinued for half an hour without knowledge.” —
My 4, 4,118.0 bind of Dan,
My 4, 1, 1 )a.0 mesanre of length.
My 4, 3,2, 118 wicked,
My 8,4, 2, Lis worn by women,
My 8. 2,1, 41s worthless,
My 1, 4.8.4, Lis even,
My 1, 4, 8. 4, 419 3 bank of earth,
My whole is on Intansitive verb, eigelfying foexte,
Hil'sbore, L,, 1859 ’ MV.Z
2" Answer in two weeks,
For Moore's \Raral New-Yorker.
GEOGRAPHICAL ENIGMA,—ACROSTICAL.
T a composed of 20 letters.
My 1,14, 8,72, 19 18 a county in Migsonrh. =
My 2.14.6 Ina bay In New Fouvdiend, =
My 8, 5, 16, Gis acily in Pennrylenvin,
My 4 6, 8,7, 12 Oteariverin Kenacky, —
My 5, 10, 20, 20 18 @ county in Ohio, —
My 6,8, 20194 riverin Germany _
uty in New York, ~
‘9 Oriver to Sentard,
Tip ariverin Mune, —
My 10, 2. 15, 18 te one of the United States,
My 11, 12, 15, 18, 16 18 4 county tn Arkaosan
My 12,6. 11, 20.8 8 a river in North Caroling,
My, 7, 10,20, 14, 2019 u river to tana
My 14,9, 15, 18, 7.18.8 ooppty 10, Misnissipph
My 15, 18,16, toa A county yn Mrebigag, «
My 16, 14, 6, 0,8, 1, 14 m4 river in Turkey.
My 17, 18, 20918) 10, 12 de a city fa Mash
My 18, 2,15, 10 fy a city 1y Odio,
My 19, 11, 17, 14 1s a Fiver tu Walifornia.
My 20, 11, 9, 12, 7, Of a conory in. Toancasee,
My whole wok quite A promigent part inthe Arnerl-
ape tha,
can Revolution. “yy
a
Cadiz, Cutt Co, NEY, 1859,
(™ Answer in two Weeks.
For Moore's Rural New-Yerker,
» POETICAL ENIGMA
Iw searching the records of antiqe lore,
My bifth you *i/! 60d was with Adam and &
[stimulate maa to grasp more and mor:
T have slwoys wrovged him, und I always decelyo,
Very choning avd shrowd my actions oft are,
‘To delude und to cheat I sm atwaye alert,
(instigate crimes ip man, and debar
Froa Justicy ond rigot-bis mind I perverk
The wrovgs and the evfferings mon dovh endore,
Most of thelr origin: may be traced unto me;
T govern the natloos—I lead them to war —
Tyranny and slavery would cease but for me,
Though a vaesal hos man ever been upto me,
Goaded with cares, oft wearied with time,
Might bis servitude ceaso and thos become free,
Would he couse to obey thous mandates of ming
How happy and useful bis days might remain,
Woile to bis probation on earth here below,
Were ho to refose wo a place in hia brain,
No longer would trouble his mind uodergo.
Etba, Govegee Co, N.Y. Natnas Brorweu.
2" Answer tp two wee!
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM,
rf
Surrosino a pole, 82 feet bigh, to stand on a horizon-
Ja) plane, at what height must it be cut off that ibe top
of itmay fall on o polpt 46 feet from the botwm, and
tho ond where it wos cut off rest on the upright ¥
Hartford, Wis , 1859, E. ,
0 Answer f eck.
ENIGMAS, &c,, IN No, 501,
Aua\ 0; graphical | Enigma; — Stephen A.
Dou -
Anower to Algel al Problom rat flock con-
tains 64, second 40, d 208, and fourth 36,
A Cup ar Ean is always a most curious
Spectacle to watch o child alone at play, and see
it contriving pleasure and mimic business for
itself. Itis marvelous what imagination does for
this little poet, who works, not orda, but
Creates strange Visions for itself out Of sticks, and
stones, and straws. Dive, if you can, into the
urchin’s mind, and follow to its source that ex-
clamation of joy and surprise which @ mere
nothing has called forth! It is a most curious
Spectacle. But when, at the same time, we call
to mind that we ourselves have been just such
another charming simpleton, there arises before
us one of the most fascinating of day-dreams
which the grown-up mun ean jodulge in, It is
veritably a fairy land we are peeping into.—
Thorndale.
roe
Ir is necessary to allow the night to pass over
the injuries of the day.
“Ob,” replied the doctor, “never mind that,
mavy people contioue so all their lives!”
Pnysicians io India raise blisters with red-hot
jroo, and dress them withcayennepepper. If such
treatment does not make people ‘‘smart,” we
doa’t know anything that would, -
Tue venerable lady of a celebrated physicion,
one day castiog ber eye ont of the window,
observed ber husband in the funeral procession of
one of his patients, at which she exclaimed :—“ I
do wish my busbaud would keep away from such
processions; it appeprs too much like a tailor car+
rying home bis work.”
Morner.—“ Here, Tommy, is some nice castor
oil, with orange in it,” Doctor.—* Now remem-
ber, dou’t give it all to Tommy; leave some for
me.” Tommy—(who has been there)— Doctor's
a nice map, ma; give it all to the Doctor.”
Legal.
A wan who had brutally assaulted his wife was
brought before Justice Kavanaugh, of New York,
lutely, and bad a good deal to sny about “getting
justice.” eed replied Kavanaugh, “you
can’t get it here, This court hag no power to
bang you.”
Wuer the celebrated Dunving, afterwards Lord
Ashburton, was ‘stating Jaw” to a jury in court,
Lord Mansfield interrapted him by suying,—" If
that be Jaw, I'll go home aud burn my bookie”
“My lord,” replied Dunning, “you bud beter go
home and read them.”
A TRAVELER writes— We started from a little
town in the vicinity of Holstein. I would not un-
dertake to spell or pronounce the name; but if
you will take Tzchuoken and Kionojed, and mix
them up with Ompompanooshe, Scotch snuff, and
Possamsquoddy, and pronounce the whole back«
wards with a Sneeze, you will get within about
six miles of it.” °~
5 =e '
“Jom, did Mrs. Green get the medicine I or-
dered?”
“T guess £0,” replied Jobn, “for saw crape on
the door the next morning,”
“War are you always looking into the glass,
madam?” “Sir, the glasses I look into belp me
to improve my appearance; those you look into
degrade yours?”
A panpy’s occupation is to show his clothes;
‘an. ey could but walk themselves, they would
sav the Inbor, and do his work as well a3
hims
Tue pg Isdies’ best friend —their looking:
glass, because it always gives them ‘‘aids to
reflection.”
He whose soul does not sing, need not try to
sing with his throat. °
Way does s sailor know there is a man in the
moon? Because he has been to sea.
Tue rour P’s.—Pride breakfasted with Plenty,
dined wah Povey, and supped with Penury,
Whar would Neptune exclaim if the sea were
taken from him ?—I have not a notion.
Ir e° marry a shrew, are we to suppose he is
shrewd ? s
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
Agricultural, Literary end Family. Welly,
18 PUDLISHED EVERY BATORDAY
BY D. D, T. MOORE, ROCHESTER, N.Y
Office, Union Buildings, Opposite tho Court House, Bulfalo St,
TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
ro
Two Dollars a Year—8) for six montha To Clubs
and Agents &s follows:— Three Copies one year, for #5; SLX
and one free to club agent, for #10; Ten, and one free, for
#15; Sixteen, and one free, for #22: Twenty, and one free,
for #26; Thirty-two, and two. free, for #40, (or Thirty for
497.60.) and any greater number at same rate —ooly #125
ber copy—witb an extra copy for every Ten Sutmcribers,
over Thirty, Club papers sent to different Post-ofliocs If de-
sired, Aswe pre-pny American postage on payers sent to
the British Provinces our Canadian ageots and friends muss
800 13% cents per copy to the club rates of the RowaL—
‘The lowest price of coples sent to Europe, 46, ls only #2,~
oh
oe Cents 6 Line, each Inser-
tion, payable in advance ur rule Is to «ive 00 advertise
ment, unless very brief, more than #lx to elght consecutive
Insertions Patent Medicines, £c., are not advertised Io
pdltions.
PR a oF Bonar {9 only $4 centa per quarter
to any part of this State, and 6% cents to any other State, If
paid quurterly In advance at the post-office where received.
53 In ordering the RURAL plese send us the best moncy
‘conveniently obtainable, and do jot forget to give your full
address—the name of Post-Oflce, and also Btate, £0,
TWO DOLLARS A YEAR
—
“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.”
2 Se
{SINGLE NO. FOUR CENTS,
VOL. X. NO. 45.+
ROCHESTER, N. Y.—FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 1859,
{WHOLE NO. 513,
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
AS ONIGINAL WHEELT
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE,
‘With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors.
‘Tre Ronst New-Youken 1s designed to be unsurpassed
4m Value, Purity, Usefulness and Variety of Contents, and
wnique and beautiful in Appearance, Its Conductor devotes
his personal attention to the supervision of ita various de-
partments, and earnestly labors to render the Rurat an
eminently Rellable Guide on all the important Practical,
Scientific and other Subjects intimately connected with the
business of those whose Interests It zealously advocates.—
It embraces more Agricultural, Horticultural, Scientific,
Educational, Literary and News Matter, interspersed with
‘appropriate and beantiful Engravines, than any other jour-
wal,—rendering {t the most complete AGrioutronat, Lir-
RAARY AND Fawity Newsrarea in America
[27 All communications, and business letters, should be
addressed te D, D. T, MOORE, Rochester, N, Y.
For Terw3 and other particulars, see last page,
FALL HARVEST—CORN, POTATOES, &o.
Farmers are now improving every moment to
elose up their summer’s work. For the past few
weeks we have had unpleasant weather for gatb-
ering in the crops, and corn-buskers and potato-
@iggers have suffered from cold fingers. Frosty
nights and cold, windy days—cold rains, with an
occasional flurry of snow, haye rendered out-door
work slow and unpleasant. The weather is now
(Oct. 27th) clear and cold, with a sharp frost
nights, which will injure potatoes that lie exposed,
or near the surface.
The Conn Cror in Western New York is not
a medium one, and there is much more soft corn
than usual. The frost the latter part of Septem-
ber cut the corn in some localities, and since that
time we have had but little favorable weather, with
occasional frosts, and late corn has not ripened.
Much of the corn was so injured by the frost of the
4th of Jnne as to make it late, and a good deal had
to be re-planted. From that time to the 15th of
June, and later, many were engaged in re-plant-
ing, and a favorable fall was most anxiously de-
sired by corn-growers. In this they were not
gratified. A letter before us from Ontario county,
in this State, says: — ‘September frosts have
destroyed one-half of our corn crop, or at least,
diminished its value to that amount.” The Con-
necticut, and most of the Dastern papers, say corn
is much injured by frost in that section, Almost
all of our Western exchanges give very favorable
reports of the corn crop in the West.
Poratogs never yielded better in this section.
m almost all sections of the country, however,
we hear complaints of rot. When at the State
Fair we were informed by growers from Long
Island and New Jersey, that a great portion of the
crop was diseased, and that the Peach Blow
suffered more than any other variety. We were
prepared to hear that this new and favorite sort
Was predisposed to-disease, for the seed that wo
obtained from the East last spring was affected,
and nearly one-third rotted before we got ready to
plant, and a good many of the sets rotted in the
Bround. Jonx Jonnsron, of Seneca Co., writes to
the Country Gentleman:—“I am sorry to say our
potatoes are all going with the rot, and a better
crop and better quality we bave not had in many
years. When in Canada lately I found they were
also commencing to rot,” Here, the potatoes
grown on heavy land are very badly rotting, while
on light land, as a general thing, they are sound,
We have grown more than thirty varieties this
season, and the Peach Blows dug late on heavy
land were diseased. The Mericans on the dryest
~ soil was halfrotten, all others sound. The yield in
all Western New York,'so far as we can learn, is
very great. Joserm Raxpors, of Penfield, in
this county, informs us that he grew 2,200 bushels
of salable potatoes on eleven acres, a3 measured
by the buyers for the New York market. The
Buckeyes yielded the best, giving 250 bushels to
the acre; Peach Blows and Fiukes alike, 250 bush-
els; and Dykemans, 200 bushels. These four
Sorts were the most productive. Our experi-
ence bas convinced us that the Davis’ Seedling,
® Massachusetts potato, of which we shall say
more, is the most productive good potato grown,
In hills, three feet apart each way, it produced
818 bushels to the acre; in rows two feet apart,
and the sets one foot apart in the rows, $44 bush-
els, while the Prince Alberts, with the same treat-
ment, (in bills) produced 257 bushels, and the
Peach Blows 241 bushels. W. D. Purvy of Obili,
in this county, presented us with fine specimens
of Prince Alberts, and a statement that he had
grown 800 bushels on a fraction less than an acre.
The Zoot Orops were never better, seldom 0
fine, so far as we have seen or heard, and never,
perhaps, were they more needed to make up fora
deficient hay crop.
rn ood
BUTTER AND CHEESE.
AvrtnovcH we are occasionally permitted to
chronicle certain wondrous lacteal qualities x-
hibited by isolated representatives of the “milky
herd,” there would seem, judging from present
prices and demand, to be a general falling off in
the dairy product of this State. Individuals who
can afford to butter only one side of their bread,
are anxiously inquiring as to the probable cost of
such an operation during the winter now before
them, and after careful investigation of the facts
obtainable, are ready to shrink back appalled;
while those who are indifferent as to the footing
up of the bills, but would gratify the palate with
that which is redolent of clover blossoms, are just
now enjoying an equally bleak prospect. Amid
the denizens of this city, at least, the important
inquiry now is—“ What has become of the butter?”
This query is fraught with interest to producer
as‘well as consumer. The agriculturist bas a
special investment in stock for dairy purposes,
and he ought to be aware whether it is likely to
yield a profitable per centage, or become a draw-
back upon the returns of labor expended in other
departments of farm economy. He should know
whether this portion of his business is furnishing
its pro rata towards the liqudation of the demands
upon his purse, and if found wanting, ways and
means must be devised to restore it to a paying
standard.
A month or two since we published an extract
from the N. Y. Tribune, showing the inorease in
the average weight of cattle offered for sale to the
butchers, and the figures then presented proved
that a gain of about 800 pounds per head had been
attained in a comparatively brief period of time.
In furnishing ecto the mass of consumers, the
farming community,—by the exercise of judgment,
and care in the selection of animals from which to
breed,—have accomplished an object the pecuniary
yalue of which cannot be over-estimated. The
success which has thus far attended the efforts of
those who sought to improve the meat-producing
qualities of such animals as are “ good for food,”
is the result of close scrutiny and comparison, and
by the employment of the same agencies the
Dairyman can solve the question which, as we
have before intimated, is agitating the public
mind.
Referring to the market reports in the latter
part of October for the past ten years, as they
stand published in the Rupa, we note quite an
increase in the prices of dairy products, and if
the annual return, per cow, now equals that of
1850, we must conclude that this branch of farm-
ing pays well. Let us examine the figures:
Butter.
124¥@14
4 20 (@21
During the period selected, (October,) for the
first five years of the decade presented, the aver-
age price of cheese was about six and one-half
cents per pound, and of butter fifteen and one-half
cents; for the closing five it advances to nearly
eight and one-half cents for the former product,
and nineteen and one-fifth cents for the latter,—an
addition of more than twenty-five per cent, to the
one, and but a fraction less than a like amount to
the cost of the other of the articles under consid-
eration. And the end is not yet. During all
these years, (with, probably, the single exception
of 1856,) every family which so desired could lay
in acrock of butter for the winter's supply, but
this privilege was denied the great majority the
present season, The country within twenty or
thirty miles of Rochester, has usually furnished
Sufficient for local consumption, but now our
dealers are compelled to widely extend the area
of search for a good, sweet article, and, too often,
they find themselves ‘‘in the pursuit of knowledge
under difficulties.” Western Pennsylvania and
Northern Ohio furnish a goodly proportion of the
“supplies” in this particular line, and we are
strongly inclined to the belief that we are more
indebted to the skil) of Buckeye milkmaids for
our delicious “Hamburg” cheese, than to those
who would fain have the credit of its production.
Tt is useless to ask—‘ Can these things be?”
Twenty-eight to thirty cents a pound for butter,
and fifteen cents for good cheese—we doubt not
the retail rates will fully reach these figures the
coming winter—are facts, plain, palpable, not
admitting even the shadow of adoubt in the mind
of the purchaser. Why is it thus? We have
thrown these thoughts together for the purpose
of calling the attention of producers to the sub-
ject, and we leave the matter in their hands,
hoping to hear their solutions of the query—
“What has become of the butter ?”
HOW FARMERS TIME IT.
Every farmer should be governed by a regular
system for using the hours throughout the day, so
as to calculate with some degree of certainty on
the daily routine of the labors of the farm. Show
me a man who is not governed by a strict system,
I care not what business he is engaged in, and I
will show you a man who is always getting into
difficulty, and who is troubled with a vast amount
of what he terms ‘‘bad luck.” Now, to remedy
this, let me place before your notice a method for
dividing the time, which, I think, if adopted by all
our farmers, would be greatly conducive to their
prosperity.
First—always rise before the sun, and when I
say always, I mean seven days out of the week, and
not six,—for I find that the habit of sleeping about
an hour later than usual'on Sabbath mornings
prevails to a great extent among our farmers,
which should not be, for if a farmer rises at five
o'clock six days in succession, he can easily do the
same on the seventh, and he not only injures his
own health by sleeping longer, but he injures the
health of whatever live stock he may chance to
have about him also, as they should be taken care
of at precisely the same hour every morning.
Next, never have your breakfast till after you do
your morning chores, as it is also very injurious
to eat just after rising. Settle upon some hour,
say about seven, and then regularly, as the hands
of the clock point to the hour, take your place at
the table. Observe the same regularity with your
other meals, day after day, through the whole
year, and we think we can safely assert that you
will perform as much labor, and as advantageously,
as though you had eaten your dinner some times
at twelve and sometimes at two o'clock, your
Supper some times at five and some times at
eight o’clock,—and we are sure that you will be
troubled less with dyspepsia, nightmare, and all
the other “petty evils that flesh is (not) heir to,”
but brings on by its own follies and vices,
Prospect, N, Y., 1859, Gzo. H. Worpex,
FAIR GROUNDS AND EXHIBITION HALL
OF THE PALMYRA UNION AG. SOCIETY,
Wirsix the past five years decided changes
have been made in the organization and manage-
ment of Agricultural Societies, and great improve-
ments instituted in the preparation of grounds
and buildings for theirexhibitions. In this State,
4 great impetus was given to associations designed
GROUND PLAN oF EXHIBITION BUILDING.
A, Centre of Hall.
B. iazza, ‘with battony above,
Fron ined on ‘with balcony above,
B.D. Staire to gall
lery.
E, Businoss Onice, and Com, Boom, 16x16,
¥. Ladies’ Roth.” bere py a ed
ding A. wi
extend rar parbaieand is 16 foot ieee
‘There are three large doors 8} each end of hall.
My i ! i
ip
rr ue ne
| io Vil esl iy
i enna
7
a
Bead
FRAUEN GERCER 5°!
EXHIBITION BUILDING,—ELEVATION.
to advance Rural Improyement, by the passage
(in April, 1855,) of an Act to facilitate the form-
ing of Agricultural and Horticultural Societies—
the law authorizing County and Town Societies,
organized according to its provisions, to hold real
estate and personal property to such an extent
that they could own suitabie fair grounds, build-
ings, etc. The act had no sooner taken effect
than many of the old Societies were re-organized—
electing boards of officers according to its pro-
visions, and proceeding to render its advantages
available. Mony new Societies were also formed
under the law, and commenced operations under
favorable auspices. Most of these associations,
both old and new, have secured (or are about to
do so,) permanent Fair Grounds, with requisite
improvements. In Western and Central New
York almost every County Ag. Society has adopted
the plan of permanent location, having purchased
or rented grounds adapted to holding exhibitions,
and many Town and Union Associations have
adopted the same course. We might specify
some twenty Societies, each of which has fine
grounds, with proper conyeniences—such as
offices, exhibition buildings, &c.,—creditable to
the taste, enterprise and liberality of the people
of their respective localities; but our present
at least equal, if not superior, to any structure
of the kind which we have examined in the State
—the Ampitheatre of the Ontario County Agricul-
tural Society (heretofore illustrated and described
in the Rurar,) alone exceling it in cost, extent
and conyenince; but that is not an exhibition
building of the style and class we are describing.
From the elevated balconies at each end, a fine
view can be had of the village and surrounding
country —a panorama which would delight the
poet, painter and lover of natural scenery iyproved
by art and industry. [We believe the building
was designed by Cantton H. Rogers, Esq.)
The arrangement and conyeniences of the
Grounds are so well shown in our diagram, and
its references, that any detailed description is
unnecessary, Could the reader have viewed the
grounds (and their varied contents or coyering,)
during the recent Fair of the Society, as we did,
he would have concurred with us in pronouncing
all most complete and commendable. Be that as
it may, however, we regard the subject of our
notice worthy of this illustrative description, and
trust its presentation will awaken a spirit of
emulation in such matters among the numerous
Societies within the somewhat wide range of the
| Rurat's circulation,
object is to give a brief descrip-
tion of what one of them has ac- |=
complished in this respect, in the
belief that it will prove suggestive |=
and beneficial to associations which
have not yet secured desirable im-
provements.
The Fair Grounds of the Union |
Agricultural Society at Palmyra, F
(Wayne County, N. Y.,) are among |=
the best we have ever seen — most
creditable to all who participated
in their arrangement and comple-
tion, and a good model for simi-
lar associations. So thinking, we
present the accompanying diagram
of the grounds, and plan of the
main exhibition building, — with
such references as will convey
a clear idea of their arrangement,
capacity and convenience.
The Grounds of the Society are
situated on Jackson Avenue, within
the limits of the villageof Palmyra,
and comprise about nineteen acres
—the whole being enclosed bya
substantial board fence, eight feet
high, The main entrance is four
rods in width, bordered with shade
trees, and otherwise adorned. The
arrangements for entrance of pe-
destrians and carriages (with ticket
office convenient to both,) and also
for exit, are admirable. The sepa-
rate entrance for stock, machinery,
etc,, is very convenient, — while
the abundant “ water privileges”
(two wells and a living stream,)
should not be overlooked among
the items of comfort and conven-
ience for man and beast,
The principal exhibition build-
ing—Floral Hall—is 96 feet long, |
60 feet wide, and two stories high,
with a spacious gallery extending
around the whole interior. It is a
finished thronghout in a substan-
tial manner, at a cost of over $3,-
000, and is to be lighted with gas.
The building has a fine, command-
ing appearance, (as shown in our
engraving). For beauty of loca-
tion, convenience of arrangement,
and adaptation to the purposes for
which it is intended, it is probably
&. Ticket Office.
F. Floral Hall,
@. Ground for
&o.
A, Entrance for carriages.
B. aie way. lor carriages.
C, Way for ns on foot,
1D, Entrance for Stock.
Pepe | Is
AI, Stalls for Horses,
J, Stalls for Cattle,
, Pens for Sheep and Swine,
DIAGRAM OF FAIR GROUNDS.
Z. Stalls for Catue,
Mf. Posts oy hitching fat cattle,
rN, Wells,
Re Fonts a puching Teams
. Jndges’ Stand.
2. Track for horses, (half mile tong
—40 feet wide.
Beats, (150 Heroktiae 2]
~ D lof
Two Daralf Anes, stream, bridged
over at track,
ae:
WINTERING STOCK.— SHEEP.
Mn. Moone:--Sdme time sgo I received your
letter saying you had mislaid my article on win-
tering stock, and requesting another. I can say
little on the subject but what Thave often written,
yetas many farmers are 80 very remiss in win-
tering their cattle and sheep, it would be well
if the Agricultural papers would remind them of
their duty every Autumn, until there would be
Jeo farmers in the country but would keep their
stock improving in winter as well as in summer;
and well I know that either sheep or cattle turned
to pasture when nothing but skin and bone, make
but very little improvement in the pasturing
season, and often go into another winter in worse
condition than they ought to be at the time they
were turned to pasture at the middle of May. I
think a farmer would be equally excusable, who,
after raising a crop of grain, should wilfully waste
one-half of it, as waste the flesh off his sheep and
cattle for five or six months every year. I trav-
eled through some of the western counties of this
State lately, and saw many miserably poor ewes
and lambs, which must be very well cared for the
coming winter, else they will be food for worthless
dogs long before spring—and I know that keeping
sheep in that way never can pay, no matter how
little the food costs. If every farmer would feed
each of his sheep ®ne bushel of corn, or 60 lbs.
of oats, buckwheat or barley, (whichever he found
cheapest,) during winter, with good straw, even,
for fodder, they would pay him better for the
grain, by far, than if he were to carry it to market
and sell it for cash, But if he would feed each
sheep 90 Ibs. of corn, or other grain, they would
still pay him better for the grain—they would
yield him double the wool to what they did when
he fed no grain—tbey would raise him double the
number and much better lambs. Try it, farmers.
I have practiced this for over thirty years, and
think I cannot be mistaken. You no doubt will
hear farmers say, “I fed grain to my ewes one
year, but I will never do so again; they lost their
wool, the lambs came before their time, and I lost
nearly all of them.” Now, let me tell you the
reason of those men’s bad luck. They did not
begin feeding tho grain until their sheep were in
poverty, and the feed was too strong for them;
hence it created fever, and bad luck attended
them. But you that will take my advice, begin
to feed grain whenever your pasture fails in fall,
so as to keep up the condition of the sheep, and
if you keep the dogs from them, and give them
reasonable shelter, I will warrant no bad luck in
loosing wool, or premature lambs, will befall them.
There is no animal that will pay better for good
feeding than sheep, and none, as a general thing,
is worse fed; if they only got half the care that
is bestowed on the filthy swine, they would pay
much better.
When I tell farmers that they ought to keep
their sheep much better, they shake their heads
and say, “It may pay you to feed grain and linseed
cake to sheep, but it would not pay us.” Far be
it from me to advise farmers to run any great risk
in feeding a large quantity of grain to their sheep
until they have the best of proof (experience) that
it will pay them, and that double what they could
get for the grain in cash; but I do wish I could
persuade every farmer in the country to feed
‘8 few sheep in the way I mention, and I feel sure
‘all who thus practice would feed their whole flocks
*so the next year. No farmer ought to keep a
flock of Merino sheep without shearing at least
five Ibs. of clean wool per head. If they shear
less he ought either to reduce his flock, or feed
better, or both, until he gets up to that amount of
wool or over; and with such feeding as I advocate,
Merino wethers at three years old can be made to
average (in the fall) from 120 to 180 lbs., live
weight. As they are now kept it is only a picked
flock that will average 90 lbs. But you must
breed those that are to weigh from 120 to 180 lbs,,
and that from well-fed ewes, and not expect to take
litle, stunted yearlings or two year olds, and
think to make them weigh the higher weights.
Again, if a lot of Merino wethers averaging 88
or 90 lbs,, live weight, in the fall, is worth three
cents per 1b,, a lot weighing 120 lbs. average is
better worth four cents, and those averaging 130
Ibs, four and a quarter cents—for the reason that
the offal of the 90 lb. sheep is only a trifle less
than the one weighing 120 Ibs. The fact is, there
is u profit every way in high feeding. Itis just like
high manuring, and the higher you feed the higher
you manure, the manure being so much richer,
Thad intended to have said something on feed-
ing Cattle, but I have said so much for the poor
Sheep I must stop. Perhaps I have said more
than will be read by many. Yours, truly,
Near Geneva, N. Y., 1959, Joux Jomnston.
Rewarss.—We hope Mr. J. will give us an
article on wintering cattle, for we are confident
what he may have to say on the Subject will be
read with interest and profit. A man of his
observation, years, experience, and (we cannot
refrain from adding) merited reputation, ought
not to be afraidof writingtoo much. An allusion,
in a recent address, to his example and success in
underdraining and other matters, was received in
Such manner as to assure us that Mr. Jonnsrox’s
practical teachings were of the right stamp to
forward farm improvement and enrichment.
rs
How ro Kitt Wooncuucks.—“J. 8. M.” of
Fillmore, N. Y., wishes to know “‘if there is no
Way of killing woodcbucks short of hunting and
shooting or trapping them?” To which I reply,
there is. Take a sweet apple, quarter it, make an
icision in each quarter, into which insert a small
quantity of strychnine, or a larger quantity of
arsenic; puta piece or two into each hole. Ina
short time the “pple will be gone, and the wood-
chuck @ “‘goner.”_J, §, Tinpets, Nankin, Mich.
SESS
A Goop Cow.—Mr, Manriy Tyaenson, of East
Bloomfield, Ont. Co,, states that he has o cow
(three-fourths Durhat,) from which his wife made
and sold, last summer, from the oq day of May to
the 2dday of Angust, one hundred and one pounds
(101 Ibs.,) of nice, rich butter, besides what was
Tequired for the use of the family, consisting of
three grown persons. During tho firat twenty
days of June, she gave 58 Ibs. of milk each day—
26 Ibs, in the morning, and 82 Ibs. at night,
MOORR’S RURAL NEW-YORKEER.,
LESSONS OF THE SEASON.
Travers ov tHe Ror. ain “wo stand
among the fallen leaves,” aud look over our fields,
most of them already stripped of their produc:
tions, it seems hardly possible that any intelligent
cultivator of the soil should fail to call to mind
many observations which he has made during the
passing season, of failures or success, and their
Ptah causes, both in his own operations and
those of his neighbors,—observations which may
hereafter be of great practical importance to him-
self and others. There is no person that thinks
who does not make such observations. And yet,
through failure to record them in his journal, or
in the public prints, they are unknown by others,
and many of them soon forgotten by himself. In
many things we perhaps do not trust our memo-
ries enough,—in others, aud especially such mat-
ters os have been referred to, we trust them too
much. We need something in black and white,
which shall be a reminder of them when the
season returns for using them.
In many parts of our country, the past season
has been remarkable for frosts and other calami-
ties to the farmer. The place where the writer
resides was not only visited, on the 4th and 10th
of June, by the severest frosts perhaps ever known
here so late in the season, but was clean swept on
the 24th of June by ao devastating hail, which
hardly left a green thing. Early peas, in some of
our gardens, were ready for picking, and other
vegetables proportionately advanced. On the
morning of the 25th our gardens and plowed fields
were as clean almost as if just harrowed. In
these circumstances the question ‘‘ What shall we
plant?” was an important one. “What can we
plant so late and get any return?” Some replied
after the frosts, ‘‘You need not plant anything;
the corn will come again, and so will the potatoes.”
Others said, ‘It is too late for corn; put in buck-
wheat, and by-and-by, turnips and corn forfodder.””
After the hail they said, “There isn’t time for
anything but turnips.” Rather poor prospect,
was it not, forcomfortable living for the following
nine months or more? .
To these remarks I wish to subjoin a few facts
which have come under my own observation
during the past season, in hope that they may
prove of service to some who may read them,
1, Corn, where it was frozen below the ground,
did not ‘‘come again” so as to be worth the cul-
ture. Though every hill started again, and looked
green for a few days, much of it died; some of it
put out small, poor ears, close to the ground;
and a very little of it yielded good corn.
2. Potatoes, many of them, did come again, and
gave a fair crop. In somo cases, however, they
were frozen so severely as to make them worthless.
8. King Philip corn, planted from the 12th to
the 20th of June, and a few rows in garden soil
as late as the 27th and 28th of June, ripened.
4. Potatoes planted several days after the frosts,
ripened perfectly, and yave a good crop, Others,
planted the 29th of June, though still green in
the tops when the frost came in October, gave the
largest crop of large potatoes that I have ever
raised on an equal area of ground.
5. I have never had better peas than from those
which I planted the 26th of June, and though
they came at a time of year when green peas are
ordinarily only remembered as luxuries long ago
past, they were declared by all who partook of
them to be in good time, and a note was made to
plant some peas late hereafter, frost or no frost.
Beans planted the 27th and 28th of June, ripened
a considerable part of the crop. Limas were not
replanted,
6. Melons, squashes, &c., did notpay. Tomatoes,
likewise, except those which have been for some
time past under frames, with glazed covering, and
additional protection when there is danger of
frost. These are still affording fine ripened fruit.
7. Sweet potatoes, planted out late, gave no
return, Those which ‘‘came again’ after frosts
and hail were little worth,
8. Turnips are fine, and having been sown in
more places than usual, are more abundant. The
old rule, The 25th of July, wet or dry,” will not
answer well one year with another, as to time.
So far as my observation goes, it is too late, except
upon very quick soils, or in very favorable seasons,
or with some of the quicker growing varieties.
9. Our meadows, which were greatly injured by
the frosts, and wholly cut up by the hail, have
many of them yielded something worth cutting in
September and October,
To conclude, I wish to place on record for those
who shall look over the back numbers and yol-
umes of the Rurat in time to come for something
to encourage them, when disasters to their crops
in the early part of the season occur, that that
kind Providence which ‘‘tempers the wind to the
shorn lamb” has crowned our efforts to make up
as far as possible for our losses by frost and bail,
with, I believe, even unhoped-for success,—thus
kindly urging us to trust ourselyes confidently to
fis keeping who careth for us, though the peach
tree should not blossom, neither should there be
fruit in the vines, though the fruit of the orchard
should fail, and even the fields yieldno meat, u,
=
BREEDING HORSES FOR ALL-WORK.
Eps. Runa New-Yonker:—As I am a great
admirer of fine stock of all kinds, I take pleasure
in reading all that appears in the Rurat on the
subject; but am forced, from experience and
observation, to differ with some of your corres-
pondents, I contend that “like begets like,” and
that it isimpossible to change the laws of nature,
I therefore contend that no horse is suitable to be
bred to all kinds of mares, so as to prodoce fine
animals from all. AndI furthermore contend that
no stallion can produce animals suitable for all
kinds of work. If thorough-bred stallions will do
80, why was it not done in the blue grass country
of Kentucky?
Some twenty odd years ago, everybody bred to
thorough-bred stallions; the consequence was that
the horses became too small for everything but the
saddle, Then they resorted to the other extreme,
and imported a number of draft stallions. It is
true they increased the size of their horses, and
produced many fine animals, and at the same time
many worthless weeds, He who breeds a small
mare to a thorough-bred stallion, expecting to get
large draft animals,—or a mare possessing no fine
gait, expecting to get a good saddle animal ora
fast trotter, will assuredly be disappointed. I ac-
knowledge that we cannot produce stylish, fast
horses from draft stallions, nor can you do it with
a thorough-bred horse from common mares, I
have seen it tried too often; four-fifths of the time
the experiment failed. I have handled more
thorough-bred stallions than avy other one kind,
and have been forced to believe that they are not
the horse to breed all kind of mares, I would
much prefer a Cleveland Bay or a large Morgan
to breed to promiscuously. I haye neither, so I
am disinterested, as [have no such stock. I have
been convinced from observation that they are the
best animals that baye ever been brought out
West, for all purposes. If the mares are under
size, I would prefer breeding to a Cleveland Bay
stallion; but if my mares were of good size, I
would prefer a fine sized Morgan to all others.
Their colts have fine size, and a great deal more
style, and move better than all other horses I have
ever seen. Those thorough-bred men contend that
“like begets like,” and, in the same breath, that a
horse that does not trot, (if he does, it is done very
poorly,) and who cannot pace a lick, and who is
a small-boned, light-bodied animal, will produce
animals that will excel in trotting, pacing, and
fine size, Then I contend they must get it from
their dams. “That there is no uncertainty in
nature’s operations, the male confers the external
structure of the offapring,”—all of which believe,
Then, where are the offspring to look for those
traits that the sire does not possess? It is true
that there are freaks of nature—that the produce
differs from sire and dam, but it is very seldom.
So I contend that we should first determine what
we desire to raise, and breed with an eye to that
point. Perfection in no particular point is gained
in one cross, but it takes years to excel or produce
perfection in stock. Too many expect the sire to
do everything—that all they havg to do is to breed
to a fine animal,—and that they will get a splendid
animal out of ascrub. Such persons are doomed
to disappointment, I care not to what they breed.
To produce fine stock, you must breed to fine
animals and keep at it, at the same time taking
good care of the produce. 0. M. B.
Saline Co., Mo,, October, 1859.
SSS Se ee
THE SORGHUM IN KANSAS,
Ens. Rurat New-Yorker:—A correspondent
wishes to know concerning the Sorghum, and I
can say, for this vicinity, we are making a good
thing of it. Six mills are in operation within two
miles of me, and molasses that has given good
satisfaction has been made, and we think that but
4 small amount of molasses need be brought from
the South for this vicinity in future. It isan easy
crop to raise here. As this morning was our first
show of frost it has had full time to mature. —
Should I be able, Iwill send you figures of the
amount made here this fall.
We have raised some wheat, but the same com-
plaint is prevalent bere as elsewhere. The yield
is light, and we have yet toimport both wheat and
apples. Wehayean abundance of corn and potatoes
—both sweet and common yarieties—and we hope
soon to raise all that our climate will allow.—Jas.
Wii1ams, Osawatomic, Kansas, Oct., 1859.
SS
MANURES—SAFE RULES,
Ans there not a few rules in regard to manures
which it is safe to rely upon as unalterable? Ist.
All fine or well decomposed fertilizers should be
applied at or near the surface. 2d. All coarse, in
contra-distinction, should be buried beneath the
surface at a slight depth.
All manures are better for having been housed,
unless we except the very coarse, where moisture
may be needed to aid decomposition. For quick
growing crops, like corn or tobacco, the fertilizing
matter should (if of proper fineness,) be placed
near the plant or in thehill—W.J. Perrer, Lake
ville, Conn., 1859.
SS
Rarsixc Turkeys.—In a June number of the
New-Yorker I made a few inquiries about raising
turkeys, which were very promptly answered. I
cannot explain my success better than by saying
that Ihave raised more turkeys from a litter of
ten, this fall, than from seventy young turkeys last
spring. Shortly after the advice given in the
Rurat, I had a litter of ten batched, which I fed
bread and milk, water, and occasionally a little
lobbered milk, for about four weeks, according to
the instructions, and haye raised all except three
which were caught by the hawks, After this
when I wish advice, I know where to get it. Zuke
the Rurat all.—Sunscriper, Cayuga, NV. ¥., 1859.
——______+-e-—__\_
Goop Burren rx Wixter.—Mrs, H. wishes to
send you the following method for making butter
in winter, yellow, and containing as pleasant flavor
as in Mayor June. Grate carrots, (the deepest
orange color,) sift through a seive, mix in a little
milk, (water will answer,) and put into the cream
when you commence churning. You will be sur-
prised at the great difference it makes with the
butter, Scores of her neighbors have tendered
her their sincere thanks for the information.—C,
A. HL, Ohicago, Zll,, 1859.
EN ee
Szzp Corn.—Wm. 8. Morgan, of Warren Co.,
writes to the Prairie Farmer that seed from the
butt end of an ear of corn will ripen its product
all at the same time, and some three weeks earlier
than seed from the little end of the sameear. He
recommends farmers always to break their seed
corn ears in two in the middle, and use the butt
ends only for seed.
SS So
Oswrao Co, Aq, Soormy.—At & recent meeting of
the Oswego County Ag, Society (the one which held its
last Fair at Fulton,) it was resolved to hold the next
Fair at Oswego, The following officers wore elected
for the ensuing year:—President—Jori Tunniir,
Oswego. Vive-Prasidents—Orson Titus, Hannibal;
David Nichols, New Haven. eo. Seoretary—John
U. Smith, Oswego Falls, Cor. Seoreary—Dudley
Farling, Oswego. 7reasurer—8. G. Merriam, New
Haven, Zascutine Committso—Thos, Askew, Scriba ‘|
John Reeves, Granby; D, 0, Buell, Oswego.
Rural Spirit of the Press,
Feeding off Pasture Lands.
Tr is certainly advantageous to Pastures, says
Tuas, to remove the cattle from them often, in
order that the grass may have time to recover it-
self. Forthis reason, on the best conducted farms,
the pasture land is divided into separate parts.—
The animals which require the most Succalentand
nourishing food are first turned to each separate
division, and as they are removed, the other kinds
which need a smaller quantity of untriment, are
fed there. By this means the whole of the grass
is eaten, those kinds to which the cattle are least
partial with the rest. The herbage is then left to
recover itself for a sufficient time, and afterward
the first herd is again allowed to feed upon it,
Tn commenting upon the foregoing, the editor of
the Wew England Farmer says:— This system
Possesses decided advantages over the practice of
suffering the cattle to wander over the whole ex-
tent of pasture ground. If the space is large a
great deal of herbage is spoiled or deatroyed by
tho trampling of the cattle; the pasturage is never
uniformly eaten off, but some portions are left to
grow until it becomes dry and hard. The luxu-
riant but distasteful herbage is constantly increas-
ing, and in time crowds out the finer kinds, already
lessened by being cropped 80 closely and continu-
ally. Another advantage is, the stock are more
quiet, and consequently feed better, and keep in
betterhealth. The succession of the various kinds
of stock must be regulated by the circumstances
of the owner. Tuer says that in spring the best
pasturage is often given to ewes, because it is
needed to increase their supply of milk, and give
them strength to nurse their lambs with sheep in
spring, if not allowed too long, has a tendency to
thicken the growth of grass. But they cannot be
followed by cattle immediately, with advantage ;
at least three weeks should intervene, to allow the
smell of their dung to dissipate, and the grass to
get a fresh start.”
Night Soil—Its Value.
Iy a recent issue of the Planter’s Banner the
editor remarks:—‘ The best of all manures is the
one which in our country is the most universally
wasted, In Belgium, where agriculture is carried
to great productiveness, they ‘order things differ-
ently.’ There, the estimate is, by nice calculation,
that it is worth $10 for every individual, man, wo-
man and child. We traverse sea and land, send
to Africa and South America to bring elements of
fertility which at home we throw away on every
farm in the country. What an immense amount
is wasted in our cities. It must be the most yalu-
able, containing the elements of all kinds of food
consumed by man, and in returning these to the
soil, we return the identical constituents which
former crops and animals have taken from the
land, Night soil contains the phosphate of lime,
which is indispensable to the growth of animal's
bones and to the nutriment of all plants, and which
is not supplied from the atmosphere like carbonic
acid and ammonia, All fluid and solid excretions
should be preserved by mixing with burnt clay,
saw-dust, ashes, peat or wood charcoal, muck, etc,
We have a great deal to learn, and, alas, much
more to practice that we have learned.”
Horses and Colts.
A corresponpent of the Maine Farmer, says
he has a five year old horse and o two year old
colt, and wishes advice in regard to their keep and
feed. The editor makes the following suggestions
in reply :—‘ A warm stable that can be easily ven-
tilated; good water easily come at; good, sweet
hay in sufficient quantity; a feed of oats or corn
and cob meal once per day. These are the requi-
sites of good keeping for horses or colts. Some
think that colts that do no work need no proven-
der, but a moderate allowance daily, will ‘pay,’ as
the Yankees say. In regard to cutting feed, if
your hay is clean and sweet, with no mixture of
coarse grasses, &c., it will be as well to let the
horse do his own cutting. If you have rough fod-
der, or your hay is coarse, with a mixture of all
sorts, it will pay to cut it and mix it with your
meal and a little water in a mash tub.”
Saving Clover Seed.
A Canapa West farmer writes to the Zoronto
Globe, that many agriculturists are deterred from
saving clover seed for their own use, from the
great trouble and expense of hulling and cleaning
it. But in his section it is a common practice to
sow the seed and chaff together, which is done by
making a large, deep box of boards, on the top of
an ordinary wagon box. The chaff is then shovel-
led in and hauled out to the field, and scattered
over the surface from the wagon, as evenly as pos-
sible, with a straw or dung fork, just thick enough
to give the ground a dark appearance, It is then
harrowed in with a light harrow.
Training Steers.
Ar the Maine State Fair, a boy fifteen years
of age, from the town of Woodstock, had a pair
of three year old steers which obeyed him as an
obedient boy will his parents. By a motion of his
hand they would go forward, halt, and return, go
to the right or left, kneel down, and perform other
things much to the surprise of some older farmers
who are in the habit of putting the brad through
the hide, At the New York State Fair, there was
a perfect Raney of an ox tamer, who practices
breaking steers for farmers, who never treats
them inbumanly, but he soon has them under per-
fect control, and as bidable as well-trained child-
ren, So says the New York Zribune.
Agricultural Miscellany,
Farep, axp Crosen.—“I¢
&o. That long-time odtons bee reps #
tho “ Agricultural Department of the Patent OMeo ”—
#0 beautifully engineered of late years by
and formerly by Dr, Danie, .Lxr, et. aL—has gone
into liquidation, the Commissioner of Patonts baving
closed the concern, and declined to ask Congress for
forther appropriations, Aocording.to rumor there ts a
$100,000 defaloation in this branch of public sorvice(?)
‘but the facts are not yot patent to the People, The
‘ Advisory Board” should be convened and consulted:
—though we are credibly informed that its members
considered the “branch” a humbo, ind reported
accordingly, which report was suppressed, perhaps to
make room for plagiarized matters in the anpual volume!
— Now that this Patont-Omico-cellar nuisance, which
has been scattering foul seeds and—« Reports” for
years, 8 abated, it may be well for thosa interested in
the progrees and prosperity of the leading interest of
Raral America to agitate the Propriety of establishing:
a distinct Barean or Department of Agriculture,
D.J. Browns,
Tue AcniovturaL Boox Poniswers. —It will be
seen by reference to an announcement in this paper,
that C. M. Saxton, Banken & Co,, of New York, bave
purchased the establishment of A. O. Moone & C by
which they unite the stock, copy-rights, &o,, of the latter
firm, to their already extensive business, “It will be
remembered that Mr, 8axT0N was the projector and for
many years the conductor of the first Agricultural Book
Publishing Houso in this country, and that he disposed of
the business to Mr, Moonr, Since them Mr, O, bas be-
come publisher of the Morticulturist, as woll as of
many standard and miscellaneous works—and hence the
purchase of the old establishment, as now announced,
with his known enterprise and long experience, will
give the new firm a commanding position and peculiar
facilities for transacting an extensive, increasing and
important branch of the publishing business, The new
firm will merit, and we doubt not achieve, abundant
success,
Tue Onrcon Fanwen—Progress.—Tho last number
of this Journal comes to us in quarto form, (about the
size of the Rurat,) and changed from a monthly to a
temi-mouthly. This indicates prosperity and the right
kind of progress, We trust it will celebrate its next
anniversary by changing to a weekly—for every pro-
gressive farmer, wherever located, needs a weekly
journal which ehall advise him in regard to matters
connected with his occupation, the markets, etc., as
much as the city business man requires a daily, Tho
Farmer is well conducted and handsomely printed.
Wrtson Town Fare.—We learn that the recent Fair
of the Wilson (Niagara Co.) Town Ag. Soolety—the
firat held since its organization—was quite successful.
Tn some respects the exhibition is sald to have excelled
that of the County Society, Wilson austains a Farmers’
Club, and of course its members would not allow an
exhibition te prove a failure, ‘ Now is the time to
organize” Farmers’ Clubs—a matter in which men of
all political parties can and should cordially unite,
‘Transactions or State Aa, Socrery,—A Subscriber,
Kalamazoo, Mich., asks—“ Can you inform me whero
or to whom I should apply to obtain a copy of tho
Transactions of the N, Y, State Agricultural Society,
and the price? Please anawer through the Rurar.”
[apply to the Secretary, Col. B. P, Jounson, Albany,
N.Y. We think the price is $1.]
“RoraL” Letress raom THe Peorie are quite
numerous and encouraging of late. We quote from
two or three of the most seasonable—simply remarking
that we will cheerfully furnish duplicates to any of our
felends who wear out or lose numbers of the Runan
while exhibiting them as specimens on Election or any
other day:
Exzction Day is a good time to ask your friends and
fellow townsmen to take the Runa, as many of our
friends can attest. Reader, please take a copy with
you, and, after discharging your duty toward “ saving
the nation,” politically, work a little for a paper which
seeks to promote the beat interests of the people and
the country. Mr, A. N. Haypen, of Cattaraugus Co,,
proposes to do this, for he says:—“ I would like to have
you send me a show bill and a number of the Rurar if
you can spare its aoon as possible, as I intend to get
up a club, and I think Election day will be a fuvorable
time to make some exertion. If you will send in timo
Ishould like it, I reside in a town where but few of
your papers are taken, but think some more may be
induced to subscribe by a little effort on the partof ite
friends; I therefore will see what I can do.”
Mr. A. J. Reussr, of Genesee Co,,—a young man
attending school—also proposes to do a good work on
Election day, and we trust many of our young friends
will emulate his example, He writes:—‘ As the tenth
volume of the Runa {s drawing to a close, I begin to
look forward with pleasing anticipations to the next,
nod I really hope that its subscription list may far
exceed the present, I hope to send you a goodly num-
ber of subscribers this full and next winter; at apy
rate I intend to do the best I can. If you please I
would like a show bill—before Election day if cen-
venient, as I think that day a fayorable one to get
subscribers. If possible I hope to be of enough service
to you this ensuing campaign to deserve a Webster's
Unabridged Dictionary, a book I have long wished to
own,”
—That’s right!—for a Dictionary will be a good
Investment. And, by way of encouragement to our
young friend, and all other Young Men and Maidens of
like disposition, we will heré make 8 special offer to
all Youne Rugauists—viz., To every minor who remits
payment, according to our terms, for Forty Subscribers
to the Rurat New-Yonkrs previous to Christmas
Day (Dee, 25th, 1859,) and competes for no other pre-
mium or gratuity, we will give a copy of Wrusrne’s
Unauarparp Dictionany—the new and splendid Pro-
rontat Epition. “ Boys, Do You Hear That?”
‘Tie Rona Is highly esteemed in Canada Weat, and
gaining in popularity, A Member of Parliament wroto
usanote notlong since that it was worthy of genoral
circulation throughout the Province, especially as Can-
ada had no such Journal. Anda letter Just received
MANAGEMENT OF Mitx.—The Homestead says :—
“The milk-room and dairy management have
something to do with the production of butter, and
thinks an improved style of milk-room would be
quite as likely to inerease the yield of butter as an
improved breed of cows. There is much truth in
this; though there is no reason why we should
not haye improved breeds of cattle as well as im-
proved dairy-houses and more skillful manage-
ment, In fact, they often go together,”
Oxz-norse Mowine Macuinrs—In reply to an in
quiry in the Boston Cultivator, a correspondent at
North Andover, Muss, recommends Kerono’s one-
horse mowing machine, which he says he has used
with advantage this year,
from a gentleman in Brant county (who sent us sixty
subscribers to present yolume) says :—‘ From present
appearances the RumAu’s circulation will bo greatly
increased the ensuing year, Several who have never
taken it have already bespoken it, to commence with
tho new year; and several who felt too poor last year,
acknowledge it very poor economy 10 do without it, and
will Join the club for 1860, You may be sure I shall do
my best to secure a large club.” ait
cg, Socrerr in Clayton Co. Iowa,
Mee ecole Hawitron, Secretary,) payment
for thirty-two copies of the Ruxat, which it has award-
ed as premiums. A gool beginning for an Iowa
Township Boclety. By the way, the Society is ontitled
toa bound volume of the Rusa, or (if preferred) $2
in Ag. Books, post-paid. Which sball we furnish?
“A PALACE OF FLOWERS.”
‘Aut of our readers, and particularly those
among them who lore flowers, have noticed in
eur columns the advertieements of B. K. Buiss,
the Fiower-seedman of Springfield, Massachusetts.
To many we have sent bis seeds, while others,
no doubt, have received them directly from
Mr. Buss, and all, so far 03 we have learned,
have had reason to rejoice when the plants grew
and bloomed so beautifully, that they had dealt
wb one who knew what constituted s good
flower, and that he was not one of those who
“know the right, and still the wrong pursue.”
We have planted a good many of Mr. Burss’ seeds,
and in almost every case we can say we were
satisfied with the result—which is no mean praise,
Our show of Asters this fall was superb—the 7ruf-
Jaunts, Boquets, Ranunculus-Flowered, &o, were
splendid, and were awarded the Premium at our
County Exbibition. Mr. B,, we see by the Spring-
field papers, bas been compelled by his increasing
business to change his store fora larger, and in
doing so has erected one which the Springfield
Republican declares to be the most elegant of the
many beautiful stores in Springfield :—“ The room
is sixty-five feet deep by thirty wide, the front-
half paved with marble. The counters, frame
work and all, from the plate to the floor, are of
Deautifully polished marble. Too much praise
eannot be given to the taste that has ornamented
so highly, without the introduction of a single
feature that is tricky or tawdry. The element of
fitness is apparent everywhere, and that of beauty
is made to be its natural outgrowth and expres-
sion. The fresco painting, exquisitely done, unites
harmoniously in the general effect.”
We rejoice at the prosperity of our Nurserymen
and Florists—at the success of all who are labor-
ing to make the world better, and happier, and
more beautiful. The New York Zribune calls the
store of Mr. Briss a “ Palace of Flowers,” and
makes the following remarks :—‘ We have in this
eity some specimens to show how palaces can be
built of pills; or how a Fifth Avenue mansion
may be made to resemble a bottle of sarsaparilla,
being built of the profits of that delectable com-
pound; and we have some knowledge of a tall
building in Chestnut street, Philadelphia, built of
a panacea of the ills that human flesh is heir to
here onearth. Butit is only in Springfield, Mass.,
that o palace of flowers is to be found. ‘May bis
shadow never grow less;’ and may the cultivation
of flowers so increase that a thousand other pro-
pagators may be able to live in flower palaces.”
Inquiries and Answers.
Hyoermrixe rs Gxare—Now that there {s so much
interest folt in producing new grapes, will you please
give ue o little foetruction about Hybridiziog—how Is it
dono t—N,, Ontarto Co., N. ¥., 1859.
Tw response to the above, we think we could not
do better than to give a brief chapter from Allen
on the Grape:—*The Isabella, and generally the
kinds that withstand our climate in Massachusetts,
blossom fourteen days earlier than the Chasselas,
or Barly Black July. The Muscat of Alexandria
is a few days later still in flowering. To remedy
this difficulty, and to obtain the different kinds in
flower at the same time, resort must be had to
retarding the former by some process of shading,
or of promoting the flowering of the European
sorts by protecting them with glass, or some other
covering, or the farina may be saved in atin box,
or glass bottle, from the grapery, until the vines
arein bloom, Ibave an Isabella in the grapery,
growing principally for the purpose of impregna-
tion, and I may, one of these days, prodoce some-
thing new fromit. This difference of the flowering
ealls in question the accounts of seedlings having
been the result of a natural cross between our
native sorts and foreign ones; under usual circum-
stances, it could not have taken place.
Seeds matured by the most healthy and vigorous
plants are presumed to be best for planting, to
obtain now kinds, The applying the pollen, or
farina, of one variety, to the pistil, or stigma, of
another, is the surer method of proceeding to
obtain new soris in the shortest time, and this is
called bybridizing.
To do this properly, the bunch to be acted on
should be thinned of three-quarters of the buds;
tho lower part should be cut away entirely,
(immediately before inflorescence ;) the strongest
buds always to be left,
Observe them closely, and, as soon as the flowers
open, with sharp scissors clip the anthers, being
esreful not to injure the pistil; with a soft brusb,
apply the pollen from the kind to be used in
impregnation, or, the whole bunch which is to
furnish the pollen may be ent from the vine, and
gently rubbed or applied to the bunch, by fre-
quently striking them together on every side.
This should be Fepeated several days, until it is
ident the fruit is all impregnated; o fresh
bunch, with pollen in a suitable condition, must
‘be had atench operation, The pollen must be dry,
and ip a falling condition, to be fit for the purpose.
If your vines are so situated that a branch to be
acted upon can be brought into contact with the
branch of another kind, and the bunches inter-
laced, this will be a good method of proceeding, —
catting away the male part of the blossom from
the kind that is to ripen the seed for the new kinds.
YW 9
‘The right hand figure is a magnified representa-
tion of the bud of the grape; the middle one is the
Blossom. Thechange from the bud to the blossom
48 usually rapid, and takes place about 30 to 40
KS TU
days after the shoot appears in the spring which
bears the fruit. This bud, which forms the blos-
80m, consists of a covering, or cop, and the embryo
berry with five anthers, which, when the time for
inflorescenee has come, is raised, or ified, by the
aptbers, and the wind blows this cap free.
The third is the blossom, or embryo grape, with
the anthers clipped and deprived of their farina;
on the top of the embryo is the pistil; pon this is
to be placed the farina, or pollen; of the male
plant; when this ia done, impregnation tukes
place, and the embryo rapidly swells off. If the
Operation has not been effectual, the berry will
Temaio as itis. When the grape bas attained one-
third or one-half of its size, it remains stationary
two or three weeks, and, at this time, it is perfect-
ing the seed. When this is done, the fruit begins
growing again; thus it appears the seed will
vegetate, even if the fruit does not ripen sufficiently
to be entable.
To obtain hardy grapes, in new varieties, I
should recommend the Catawba, or the Isabella,
to be impregnated with the Frontignan, the Black
July, the Golden Chasselas, the Pitmaston White
Cluster, the Black Hamburgh, and Esperione; a
hybrid from apy of these would probably be a
grape ripening in less time than the first two.
Srenouta ror Lawns.—I notice in a Jate Rugav
New-Yorkes an article recommending the use of
Spergula Pilifera as a substitate for grass in yards on)
Jawns. I have a small yard, 50 by 60 feet, in which I
would try the experiment if I can getiheseeds or plants
Without too much expense, It isa sandy soil just filed
io, Will you please inform me by return mail, (if you
can do so without much Inconyen{ence,) where the seed
can be obtained, and at what price, and about hew
much should I need ?—D. 0. MoG., MeGraroville, Cort-
land Co,, N. ¥., 1859.
‘The article we gave was from an Eoglish journal,
and contained an account of the first attempt to
use this plant as a substitute for grass, which
seemed very successful. The late English Horti-
cultural journals contain advertisements of plants
at from one to four sbillings per dozen, according
to size. We have not seen plants or seeds adver-
tised in this country.
Prantino Grare Seep —Ovcumser Seep.—I am
very desirous of some instruction with regard to the
proper time and mode of planting grape seed. Bhould
itremain in the ground daring the winter, or be dried
and put aside until spring? Any information either
from yourself, or through the Rumat, will greatly obliga
one who bas a fancy for trying to raise seedings, Also,
can you give me the name and address of any persons
or houses from which I can get the seed of Lord Ken-
you’s Favorite Cucumber ?—R. N. P., Waterloo, N. ¥
Grare seep may be planted as soon as the fruit
is matured, or they mey be kept in a box of sand
until spring. Plant in a good, warm, mellow soil.
The cucumber seed will be found advertised in
this number of the Rurat, by the gentleman from
whom we obtained the specimen from which our
drawing was made, Its genuineness can, there-
fore, be relied upon.
Koni-Ranr Sexps,—Will you, or some of your
readers, pleaso loform me where I can obtain some
seod of the Kobl-Rabi, mentioned in the Rurat of
Sopt 10? Ithink those who haveit for sale will find
it to their interest to advertise the same through the
columns of your widely clreulating paper.—R. It, 0,,
Clinton, Conn., Oct, 1859.
Kout-Razt Seep can now be obtained of any of
the leading seedsmen who advertise in the Rona
—Tronnurn & Co., of New York, B. K, Buss, of
Springfield, Muss., &.
ITEMS FROM THE FRENCH JOURNALS,
A Drevyrra specrasiiis with white flowers has
been obtained by M. Rolland, a gardener at Meaux,
Tr has been found that Grapes sulphured in very
hot weather and very hot places, become burnt as
it were by the sulphur, but that this never hap-
pened elsewhere or at other times,
M. Payen proposes to drive off caterpillars and
grubs attacking fruit by means of a weak prepara-
tion of oil dashed upon the trees. He mixes a
few scruples of whale oil in a quart of water,
addjog some drops of ammonia; the mixture is
beaten up into an emulsion, which is thrown
upon the trees by a garden engine,
A, M. Garr, o gardener at Nantes, used collo-
dion to cover the wounds in fraits thut bave been
bitten or wounded by insects or otherwise, and
that are beginning to spread in a state of decay.
For this purpose he scrapes away carefully with a
silver knife all the injured part, and then gently
paints the place with collodion applied with a
camel's bair pencil. He assures us that the decay
of injured fruit is thus effectually arrested.
Aw amateur wishing to destroy the transparency
of the glass roof of his greenhouse, hit upon the
MOORK’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
THE CHRYSANTHEMUM.
Tse Chrysanthenum is ® beantifal antumnal
flower, easily cultivated, aod thrives in apy fair
soil. In warm seasons it flowers ont of doors in
October and November, in sbeltered situations in
the garden, but our falls are £0 uncertsin, or
rather so certain to be cold and frosty, that the
Chrysanthemum cannot be relied on in thisJatitude
as a garden flower. In the parlor, however, it is a
perfect gem. Before bard frost, the plants should
be taken from the garden and placed in pots,
which can be done safely even after the buds are
formed. Then placed in the parlor orsitting-room
or conservatory, they furnish most charming flow-
ers until after Christmas. Mostof our readers, no
doubt, are acquainted with the old Indian Chry-
santhemum, which formed alarge plant, with semi-
double flowers, a class by no means to be despised
or neglected, but in 1847 Mr. Fonrune sent from
China a new race of Chrysanthemums, called
the Chinese or Pompone, and sometimes the
Button or Daisy Chrysanthemum. They are of
a dwarf and busby habit, emall foliage and
dajsy-like flowers, small and very double like
# Ranunculus, and are produced in profusion.
Since their introduction they have been multiplied
and improved by florists from seed, and every
season adds to the number of choice sorts.
PLOWER OF THE CHRYSANTHEMUM, PERFECTION.
The flower shown in our engraving is the Fer-
Section, & purplish lilac, of a regular and beautiful
form, and blooms in large clusters. One of the
best of this color.
Cuttings are generally made in March or April,
and they rootin a sandy soil, in pots, if kept ata
temperature of 60 or 70°, in about two weeks,
They may be turned out in the garden in May, in
adry, rich soil. Here a little attention in cultiva-
tion and pinching to make the plants grow bushy,
is all the care they will need until the latter part
of October, when they should be taken up, potted
and carried to the house for flowering. A better
way is to place the plants in large pots in May,
and sink these pots in the border, when they can
be removed to the house for flowering without
trouble. The roots may also be divided in the
spring and planted out, which will save the troub!
of starting new plants, but young ones flower best.
Those who live near nurseries can obtain fine
plants ready to flower, at the green-house very
cheap, and we know nothing better for early
following plan :—He melted a tallow candle over a
gentle fire, poured the liquid grease into a pot,
and let it stand till it became unctuous—neither
too soft nor too hard. On a warm day, when the
condensation on the glass was all dried up, he
Smeared the glass in the inside with the grease,
applied byacottondabber. Herubbed anddaubed
the glass until be brought the grease to a uniform
surface. After which he gently passed the same
dabber of cotton linen over the glass pependicu-
larly, which gave the glass the appearance of
being finely furrowed. The roof thus prepared so
completely prevented the direct rays of the sun
from passing that nothing in the inside could be
seen from the outside, although when in the
light was clear and bright without the least glare,
We are assured that this is an effectual prevention
of all burning or scorching which so much dis-
figures plants kept under glass in summer,
Beavrivvr a tree as isthe hardy Sophora japon-
fea, it is little cultivated either in this country or
elsewhere; and yet it does well in all Sorts of soils
except those which are cold, heavy and undrained,
It appears that its buds have great importance in
dyeing. The Chinese use them for a pure yellow,
or with the addition of indigo for one of their
greens. The yellow is particularly yaluable for
dark orange yellow. The flowers may be used in
the same way, and indeed are richer in coloring
matter; but the tint they give is browner than
that of the buds. What is very remarkable is,
that neither the bark, nor the wood, and scarcely
the leaves, are capable of Yielding this dye,
winter flowers than the Chrysanthemum.
————
THE FLORAL HALL AT STATE FAIR,
Eps. Rurat New-Yorxer:—In the last number
Tsee you object to the arrangements of the fruit
avd flower building, and very justly, too, You
might have complained of the limited space, for
there was not room enough, bad as it was, to show
all that was sent to the fair. Some articles were
unpacked, although they arrived inseason. There
was not room enough for the professional fruit
grower, to say nothing of the amateurs, who, by
the way, were poorly represented. Your proposed
ground plan is very good, only give length enough,
—better have empty shelves than have the things
crowded. The Fair was too late for a good show of
flowers. There should besome stated time selected
for the State Fair,—neither too late or too early,—
say the 8d week in September, and the County
Pairs could then set their time so as not to come at
the same time in the locality where the State Fair
is held.
This reminds methatI have heard the propriety of
permanently locating theState Pairagainspoken of,
This putting up sbam buildings for one exhibition
and tearing them down, is rather poor business, but
itshould not belocated at any one place, notless than
three places, nor for more than éen years, Albsny,
Rochester and Elmira, or some other place in the
Southern Tier of counties, to be held in succession,
By thatarrangementa better show could be made, as
there would bea strife between the localities which
would have the best fair. They could then afford
a shingled roof to protect fancy articles from the
rain, and a few glass windows in case the wind
blows so as to make it necessary to board up the
sides,
‘A few words as to what constitutes an amateur
florist. You mention the names of Mrs. Van
Nawee and Mrs. Newcons, of Pittstown, as ama-
teur florists. They enter their articles as such,
and as such get the premiums, but if the line was
drawn between the professional and amateur florist
as it is between the fruit growers, they would be
found on the wrong side, They are both concerned
in the sale’ of seeds and plants of all kinds
in the spring of the year, and have been for some
time, as avy one can satisfy themselves that wishes
to, by calling at the store of W. E. Hacas, Tenth
Street, Troy, and at the Agricultural House of
Henny Wanzes, River Street. As an amateur, I
object to this, as it gives them a pocket fall of
cash, that costs them nothing but the trouble of
preparation, (as there is always a surplus of plants
every epring,) with which they can buy everything
that comes into the market. For this reason J
have kept aloof from the fowers at the State Fair.
I hope to see some additional rules, if what we
bave already are not sufficient to keep people in
their proper places, I bave no objection to any
one’s turning purseryman, but let them compete
among their own class. A Lavy Amarzur.
Saratoga Co., N. ¥., Oct, 1859,
————_+2-_____.
FLOWER SEEDS,
Tae past season has been rather a discouraging
one to cultivators of flowers. The cold, dry state
of the ground during the month of May was very
unfavorable to the germination of seeds, and the
great June frost cut down many plants that had
managed to get ao start, thus putting them back,
So that early Autumn frosts came soon enough to
destroy tender annuals, such ss Balsams, French
and German Asters, &c,, before they were out of
flower, and too soon to allow many bardier yarie-
ties to ripen their seeds. On light, warm soil,
and with s good exposure and extra care, most
kinds of flowers may have come forward rapidly
enough to mature a tolerable crop of seeds, but in
ordinary situations, and with common cultivation,
it will require close picking to find enough for
next year’s sowing. There will therefore, doubt-
less, be opportunity for benevolent persons to
give away there entire surplus of these fancy
Wares, and it is to be hoped that such as are
favored with on abundant snpply of them will
take pains to lay ina good stock for distribution
among their less fortunate neighbors, A most
delicate and acceptable service might, with little
trouble, be rendered to those who would engage
in the cultivation of flowers if they possessed or
could easily obtain necessary seeds, by gathering,
putting up in packages, and labeling such varie-
ties as one bas to spare, for presentation to
neighbors and friends. Such gifts always havea
peculiar appropriateness and value; and in
bestowing them, the donor may properly make a
distinction according to the floral circumstances
of the receivers, since one does as great a fayor by
offering the commonest kinds to those who are
wholly destitute of flowers, as in giving newer
and rarer varieties to such as already have a col-
lection of the ordinary sorts.
Lest, in the pleasant excitement of preparation
for next spring's gardening, all adverse experi-
ence in flower-culture should be forgotten, and,
for lack of warning, beginners repeat the mistakes
common to the class, let me bere caution those
intending to lay out their first flower bed next
year against sowing seeds of high and of low-
growing plants in mixed rows; especially in rows
running east and west, The objections to such an
arrangement are obyious on slight reflection.
Tull, branching plants growing among low ones
shade the latter too much, preventing them attain-
ing their perfection of bloom and hindering the
ripening of the seed. The mischief might be
somewhat less in the case of rows running north
and south; still, it would not allow low flowers to
show to the best advantage, and is by no means a
tasteful arrangement. A bappier plan would be
to place the highest-growiog plants along the
border furthest from the walk; or, if the beds be
surrounded by walks, let the plants haying the
tallest flower-stalk stand in the middle, and grad-
uate down to the borders. Or, if such on arrange-
ment demands too much time and study, it will
do very well to place the high and the low flowers
in separate groups. To facilitate the lubor of cul-
tivators in this respect, papers containing flower
seeds should always beara statement of the height
to which they grow.
The sowing of seeds seem such a simple opera-
tion that the directions of professional florists in
relation to that, as well ag the treatment of the
plants, are quite apt to be neglected by amateurs,
often to their own serious loss, As a case in
point, Mr. Briss, seedsman and florist of Spring-
field, recommends that asters should stand ten
inches apart each way, and the plants be tied to
neat stakes. Now, this space, though probably
limited enough for Massachusetts, seemed to me
too liberal an allowance for Western New York
soil ; agcordingly, I thinned out my plants to five
or six inches, but relying on them to support
themselves as they do when standing thickly
together in rows, I neglected to fasten them to
stakes as directed. The consequence was that
owing their high growth and top-heayiness they
were easily beaten down by the wind and rain,
aud many of them uprooted before they had fuirly
attained full bloom. A little care in the way of
providing them suitable support would haye
enabled me to enjoy them much longer than I
did, and perhaps gather seed for further use,
South Livonia, N, ¥., 1859, A.
+02
Faoir ix toe New York Manger.— Apples.—Tho
receipt of tbe large amount of apples recenuy detuined
by tbe canal break, bos not depressed the market as
was expected, Toey bave been readily closed oat on
arrival without any material reduction a price, although
many of them bave been damaged by the delay, and
proved poor bargains to the purchasers, The cool
weuther has favored this result. Good to extra Winter
fruit is sold readily on arrival at $242 25, and §2 50
has, in some instances, been reached, but the market
is not quite ao frm to-day. The apple crop of the
conptry is mainly confined to the northern half of
Walera New York, to the northern portlous of Ohio,
Indiana and Illinois, aod the southern portion of Mich-
jgan. The yield in these sections Is large, and the
quality good; but we hear that the fruit, including the
Winter varieties, in the Western States, does not keep
Well; and, if it did, the fruit prodacing sections seem
altogether too limited for an abundant supply, and low
prices, Hence we think @ shill further improvement
in Winter fruit may ere long be expected, Wo hcur
that a Jarge amouot of apples in Western New York
wore frozen badly on the trees, on the night of the 20th
inst. We quote:
Western, mixed lots $2 00a2 50
Common, ¥ bbl. 1 00a) 26
Red Streaks 1 bal 15
Twenty oz Pippin 2 202 6a
Pall Pippins.... Seed 2 oes Ke
Greeniogs and Spitzenburghs, 2 0G:
h wanted,
Qutxces are very scarce indeed, and muc! ‘5, ¥ bbl,
rete Quinces, ¥ bbl, $5a$5; Pear Quince
aC a
Guarzs—Catawba 12@15e. ¥ 1b.; Isabella, choice,
7-0 2a 15 ;
TOD Me 5 Jo. comm nern new, 666. ; State new,
TGs. 4
_- New Southern, best from Georgia,
TD HE Pxacurs “Nevmon Téoe.; best Virginia,
12 #180. ¥ 1b.
1rs.—Soutbern, S@8i4c, ¥ Ib,
Pe eee ceres, pitted, ¥ ID, 216 22c,
Darep Pivms ¥ td. 18¢20c.
Dae RasrnEnnins.—23@24e.— Tribune, Oct, 29,
OUR SOCIETY “OUT WEST.”
Eps. Runat New-Yorxen:—I am a reader of
your excellent paper, which is very interesting to
us who live Out West, perbaps more particularly
80 because we used to live in the good old State of
New York. It may be that some of your many
eastern readers feel a little interested in western
life—many have friends living in the “Great
West,” and some may anticipate Moying in this
direction. For such I will write a little about
social life in this part of our beautiful and fertile
State.
Times are hard, in a financial way, and the
people do not feel able to spend much for luxuries,
consequently they cannot give entertainment to
large parties,—in a fashionable way, or such as
gre expected in the East, where money is more
plenty, Butwe have social gatherings that are
plessant and proper under present circumstances,
although some fashionable people might think
differently,—and we are quite willing they should,
as long as their opinion does not cause apy inter-
ference with our social arrangements. A few of
our leaders in society get together and agree to
meet at a friend’s house on a certain evening,
(after ascertaining that they will be welcome,) and
then word is sent around (not invitations,) to all
the neighbors informing them of the time agreed
upon, 80 that all who feel disposed may meet with
the company. All who attend these parties take
some provision from home for the table, pic-nic
fashion, so that we get a great variety of good and
nice things to eat in abundance, and have baskets
full left. The Indy of the house where they meet
usually furnishes butter, ten, coffee, sugar and
cream, Those who do not believe we have good
suppers and a delightful social time, may ‘come
and see.”
We have some comfortable, good-sized dwelling
houses on this lovely prairie, at which we have
our social gatherings. The number at each party
yaries from forty to seventy-five, according to
circumstances, weather, &c. We also have o
pleasant Sewing Society here—usually meeting
onceintwo weeks. Theinhabitants ofthis vicinity
are nearly all people who came from the Eastern
States within a few past years, and are intelligent
and industrious. We haye a comfortable Church
with a good bell, &c;,—preaching part of the time,
but no permanent minister. Last winter, the first
time in a number of years, we were without regu-
Jar preaching. Prayer meetings are held every
Wednesday evening at private houses. The choir
meet for rehearsal Saturday evenings, and there is
a good Singing Schools little out of our neighbor-
hood, at Sand Spring, which we attend occasion-
ally. From these facts you may know that we still
keep moving, though “hard times” may be on
every tongue, A-A.
Bowen's Prairie, Iowa, 1809.
PRESERVING CRAB APPLES, CAKES, &,
Eps. New-Yorker :— Noticing in alate Rona
an inquiry for the mode of preserving Crab Ap-
ples, I thought that I would anawer it by telling
how my mother preserves them, and also add my
mite to the column of Domestic Economy.
To Preserve Cras Apriss.—To 1 Ib. of Crab
Apples, take 1 1b. sugar; put the sugar in a kettle
with just enough water to keep it from burning;
let it boil up, thon skim and put in the apples.—
Let them cook until you can ron a straw through
them, then skim out and boil the juice down to a
jelly, then pour over the apples.
Ricu Cooxtes— Rub together, till white, 1 tea-
cup butter; 2 teacups sugar; beat 2 eggs aod stir
in the butter and sugar with a little four; grate
in a natmeg; dissolve 1 teaspoon soda in 1 teacup
sweet milk, or water, and strain it on the cake,
then add flour till stiff enough to roll easily.
Sponat Cake.— Three eggs; 1 cup sugar; 3%
up sweet milk; 1 teaspoon soda; 1 do. cream tar-
ae 2 cups flour.
“Gixoer Cooxres.— Two § molasses; 1 cup
boiling water; 1 do, ‘ar; 1 butter; 1 tablespoon
ginger; 1do. saleratus.
Gixcer Caxe.—Two eggs; 1 cup butter; 1 do.
buttermilk; 2 do. molasses; 4 do. flour; 1 table-
spoon ginger—a little salt. Marr.
Erie Co,, N. ¥., 1859,
CHARLOTTE DE RUSSE, CAKES, é&c.
Eps. Rurat New-Yorxen :—In compliance with
a request in a late number of your paper, I Inoloxe
the following recipe for “Charlotte De Russe,’ —
Also for Bakers’ Ginger Cakes, and Old Maids’
Cake. .
Cuanrorre De Russe.—Take 6 eggs to 8 pint of
milk; sugar to sweeten it; strain into it an ounce
of dissolved isinglass; when baked let it cool.—
Make a whip and mix with the custard,—cool it in
Ly in the bottom of the dish thin slices
rae alternately with jelly around the
of sponge cake,
dish.
Baxens’ Gincen Caces.—One pint molasses;
1b. butter; 2 eggs; 2 tablespoonfuls ginger;
14 tablespoonfuls saleratus; 1 teacup buttermilk;
flour to stiffen, Roll thin and cut in small cakes.
Oxp Maips' Cake.— One and a balf pints butter-
milk; 2 teaspoonfuls saleratus; 4 large spoonfuls
molasses; & little salt; 2}¢ teacups each of flour
and meal. Bake three quarters of an hour.
These recipes I call very good. Mas, H.
Bath, N, ¥., 1859,
Nice Cusranp.—Take the whites of eight egg%
beat them toa froth, add one pint and a balf of
new milk; three tablespoons of white sugar; nut-
meg to taste; bake slow and not brown; make a
frosting of one egg and one spoonfal of sugar, and
when the custard js dene puton frosting and set
in the oven three minutes.—F. M. L., Westfield,
WV. Y., 1859.
As blooming maidenhood gradually advanced, a
dark-haired youth, whom I will call Epxunp, sud-
denly discovered that he loved me, and behind
the master’s back, perfect as Epunp was, o frank
declaration of his attachment came across the
aisle, which only received a non-acceptance and
promise of remembrance. But when he declaim-
ed that evening, I as suddenly discovered that he
THE AMERICAN AUTUMN.
BY FANNY KEMBLE,
Txrov comest not in sober guise,
In mellow cloak of russet clad—
Thine are no melancholy skies,
Nor hueless flowers, pale and snd;
But, like an emperor, triamphing,
‘With gorgeous robes of Tyrian dyes,
the feelings of reverence and devotion, and to
compel us to bow in humility and adoration before
Him
‘ Whose nod is Nature's birth,
And Nature's shield the shadow of his hand ;’
whose words spake into existence this vast aggre-
gation of suns and worlds, and whose kingdom
ruleth over all.” M. I. Starnexsox,
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
A WOMAN'S PRAYER.
BY CARLIE MAYNE.
Tne chariot wheels of the day-god were broken,
And he has fallen into a sea of clouds that bathed
Hts dying head with glory. Night had come
To weep her dewy tears o'er his departure, and the
moon
Shed holy radiance on the earth, impartial as the light
Of Gop’s eternal love. The stars, those gems that grace
Th’ Almighty’s crown, glistoned like dewdrops
In the morning sun, The alr was fragrant
‘With the breath of flowers. O’er all the universe
A stillness reigned, as though each living thing
‘Was awed to allence by earth’s loveliness,
Bat hush!
Upon the evening air a sound arises, musical
As harps of gold by angel fingers played,
It is the voice of prayer,
“Great Gop of all the universe above
And Gop of all below; Father of love;
Thon who from everlasting art
‘And ever shall be; 0, draw near to-night
And hear my prayer, and guide my voice aright,
And bless my waiting heart.
“ Yet, O, dear Father, unto Thee I come
To ask not blessings for myself alone;
Only that I may henceforth be
More Christ-like—but for him I pray
‘The husband of my love, who roams to-day
In distant land afar from me.
‘Oh! bless him, Loup, and may he ever be
A meek and humble follower of Thee;
‘And grant him heavenly light
To guide him on his way, that he may not
Sin 'gainst Thy holy law in word or thought,—
Oh, guide his steps aright,
“Grant him inorease of faith, that he may look above
This world of sorrow to a heaven of love,
Where sit in glory bright
‘The cherubim and angels round Thy Throne,
And sing the glories of their heavenly home
In never ending light.
“ And grant him meekness, joy, and hope, and peace,
And may his love to Thee ever increase,
And grow each day more pure,
More fervent, and upon his living soul,
In characters of light, Thy name enroll,
Lest sin his steps allure,
‘Tesch him submission to Thy holy will,
‘That midst afflictions he may Jove Thee till,
And praise Thy holy name,
Oh, let Thine angels watch o’er him from heaven;
And, 0, I pray that unto them be given
A charge concerning him.”
She ceased!
So near the angel came that caught the prayer,
She felt his breath upon her upturned brow,
He bore it up to Him, th’ Unchanging One,
Who, on earth, said, ‘Ask and ye shall recelyo.”
+e
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
MEMENTOES OF THE PAST.
Tue memory of the olden time. O! how it
comes rushing over my heartto-day, as I sit alone
in the place hallowed by so many youthful associa-
tions, more lovely and holy than it is often the lot
of man or woman but once to experience. Yes,
once in the life of all there is a time of vernal
bloom, when fragrant flowers spring up around
our path, and Hope whispers that they are ever-
liying—when the mind, exulting in its glorious
freedom, soars to reach at once the heights which
maturity alone can scsle—when the earth seems a
paradise, unsullied by the feet of Sin, and Fancy
paints her most gorgeous landscapes, luxuriant
with golden fruit, to be ours with the simple
grasp. This is the time of youth. Slowly, but
surely, the realities of life creep over our path, at
first dimly and in misty obscurity, like the sub-
dued sunshine of the early summer; dreamy
hours of life's rising sun, when the mind strives to
read the foreshadowing of its sober destiny, the
fulfillment of which forms a leaf in the biography
of mankind, written in living characters of imper-
ishable beauty.
That glorious youth is the time of which Iwrite,
when we were a band of merry boys and girls,
The school-house was not an old, or a red one,
but new and white. We had no brook to cross,
but there was one down the great hill, anda beau-
tiful place it was in the warm, bright summer,
We reveled amid the trees and rejoiced by the
dancing brook till our cup of happiness was full
—yet mine was not so full that after years did not
drink it all. The other girls had their boyish
lovers and I had mine, for now I remember a
fancy wedding by an old gray stone on the mossy
hillside, There, where the blue sky bent tenderly
above us, and the swaying trees nodded assent to
the mimic ceremony, Rorvs ALLEN called me his
little wife. We all thought it very nice—and go it
was. I wondered if I ever should be really mar-
ried, but I have ceased wondering now, since my
maiden love has been turned to its fountain, and
the reservoir at last removed. It was not Roros
Auten that I loved so much, His was not the
ardent and impulsive nature which my earnest
spirit sought. It was a mercenary disposition,
and young as he was (only thirteen,) his conyer-
sation was of sheep and cattle, dollars and cents,
and of his future farm in Ohio, Surely, be was
as good a specimen of a rustic farmer’s son as
ever entered into the conceptions of a city belle.
He waited on me to and from the little singing-
school where we Sang Ortonville, Lanesboro,
Dene ea ety and 4 score of other tunes—dear
our fathers and mothers,
AGakioned man, » for the teacher was an
This school-boy preference was not i
last, and now California is his Paved te rf
his silent grave. His sordid souj may ant ox
glittering baubles, all his own, and his untimely
grave may be made in Piuto's secret caves,
‘Yet Iife with love were sweeter far,
Though poverty bis lot;
lof
And en has less of victory
Within the native cot,
was noble, intellectual and good, and one in all
respects fit to be the recipient of my affections,
which bad never before flowed so pure and ten-
der, constant and exalted, as in this, my first love.
As the years passed swiftly and happily away, I
knew naught of disappointment. But while
Epaonp was at a neighboring academy, a change
came. Through the secret agency of a malicious
person, a misunderstanding arose, I censured
him, and be me, until the last farewell was said,
and each returned to take up the burden of life
again. Often since has he sought to renew the
old love, but I, proud and unyielding, repelled
each advancement until now, alas! my blooming
sister will, ere long, be folded to that heart, which
should have been the high prerogative of mine,
All too late, Truth unveiled her mysteries. Now
I, the taught, am myself the teacher, and as these
familiar walls echo to the sound of merry voices,
it seems but the dirge of childhood’s departed
joys, or the requiem of departed friends who are
now scattered far and wide, from the shores of
the mild Pacific to Atlantic's troubled waters.
Although but five years have passed since then,
it seems that the sorrows of a longer life, and the
experience of maturer years than mine, have been
crowded into the short space which has sufficed to
work so many changes. Yet I can take up the
duties of life with a firmer hand, and bear its
disappointments with a more chastened spirit
than would have been possible had I been the
happy recipient of consummated hopes. May I
be thankful that the admonition has come thus
early. ‘The glory of man passeth away.”
Prospect Cottage, N. Y., 1859.
—————.
COMFORT vs, SHOW.
Ina.
FAsHioNaBve society contrives very ingeniously
to destroy the happiness of its votaries, It makes
them live for others, not for themselyes,.and yet
bestows none of those substantial joys which fol-
low self-denial. The ew York Times says:
“Call in at any brown stone front above
Bleeker, at any time, except on the occasion of a
great ‘spread,’ and it has the air of a very nice old
maid in morning-gown and curl papers —a cross
between iron precision and painful desolation.
Everything exists in a state of bagginess. The
sofa is a mute, inglorious corpse in a dimity wind-
ing-sheet, The chairs are put away in aprons and
pantalettes, The chandelier wrapsits night-gown
round it. The shutters are closed to keep from
fading the carpets, and only here and there,
through the cracks, a little bit of scared light
peeps in and looks around, in a tremulous and
sickly way. Everything smells of brown Holland,
and everything looks as if it considered you fear-
fully impertinent for daring to come and disturb
its elegant uselessness and brown linen repose. It
is very much like going into o family vault after
an epidemic, and having a lively time with a party
of corpses in fresh grave-clothes. In fact, you
feel decidedly like asking the mistress of the house
why she doesn’t complete the picture by putting
up the clothes-lines in the parlors, and hanging
up the week's wash.
“Soberly, this show-shop arrangement, which
makes home a nuisance, and drives father and son
out of doors for that comfort which their own
house is far too fine to afford them, is & growing
puisance, and lies at the bottom of half the social
evils. When a man comes home after the fatigues
of business, he doesn’t want a show-wife nor a
show-shop house, He doesn’t want an invisible
palace; buta visible home. He wants something
made to wear and use, and allowed to be used after
its kind. He wants chairs that he can lean back
in; and carpets made to be walked on; and a
house alive all over; and a wife and children
whose daily thought is how it can all be made
happiest, cheeriest, most thoroughly comfortable
for him.”
ee
COLOR AND DREss,
You ought never to buy an article because you
can afford it. The question is, whether it is suita-
ble to your position, habits and the rest of your
wardrobe, There are certain clothes that require
8 carriage to be worn in, and are unfit for walking
in the streets. Above all, do not buy wearing
apparel because itis miscalled cheap. There is no
Such thing; cheap clothes are dear to wear. The
article is unsalable because it is either ugly, vul-
gar, or entirely out of date. One reason why you
see colors ill-arranged is, that the different articles
are purchased each for its own imagined virtues,
and without any thought of what it is to be worn
with. Women, while shopping, buy what pleases
the eye on the counter, forgetting what they have
got at home. That parasol is pretty, but it will
kill by its color one dress in the buyer’s wardrobe,
and be unsuitable for all others. An enormous
sum of money is spent yearly upon women’s dress;
yet how seldom a dress is so arranged as to give
the beholder any pleasure! To be magnificently
dressed certainly costs money; but to be dressed
with taste is not expensive. It requires good
sense, knowledge, refinement. We have seen fool-
ish gowns, arrogant gowns, Women are too often
tempted to imitate the dress of each other, without
considering ‘‘the difference of climate and com-
plexion.” The colors which go best together are
green with violet; gold color with dark crimson or
lilac; pale blue with scarlet; pink with black or
white, and gray with scarlet or pink. A cold
color generally requires & warm tint to-give life to
it, Gray and pale blue, for instance, do not com-
bine well, both being cold colors.— Dicken’s « 471
the Year Round.”
to
Tr requires not time nor proof to make virtuous
hearts coalesce; there is a language without
sounds, a recognition, independent of visual
organs, which acknowledges the kindred of con-
genial souls almost in the moment they meet,
“The virtuous mind knoweth its brother in the
dark,” —Jane Porter.
Full flush of fragrant blossoming,
And glowing purple canopies,
How call ye this the season's fall,
That seems the pageant of the year?
Richer and brighter far than all
‘The pomp that spring and summer wear,
Red falls the western light of day
On rock, and stream, and winding shore;
Soft woody banks and granite gray
With amber clouds are curtained o'er;
The wide, clear waters sleeping lic
Beneath the eyening’s wing of gold,
And on their glassy breast the sky
And banks their mingled hues unfold,
Far in the tangled woods the ground
Is strewn with fallen leaves, that lie
Like crimson carpets all around
Beneath a crimson canopy.
The sloping gun, with arrows bright,
Pierces the forest’s waving maze;
The universe seems wrapt in light,
A floating robe of rosy haze,
Ob, Autumn! thon art here a king—
And round thy throne the smiling hours
A thousand fragrant tributes bring
Of golden fruits and blushing flowers,
Choice {vliscellany.
\S fe BN
xs
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
“THE DAY OF DEATH IS DARK.”
Is it a dark day for the warrior when he rests
from the battle he has won, when the laurels are
on his brow ?—dark for the tempest-tossed mar-
iner who has gained the post he had despaired to
enter? Is it a dark day for the cherub child who,
ins moment's warning, is snatched away from
this cold clime to one where flowers forever bloom,
and skies are forever blue; and can it be a dark
day for the Christian, who has come up through
great tribulation, when he shall receive the plaudit
“Well done good and faithful servant !””
This life is but a probation, the first stage of an
endless existence,—why should we fear to enter
thesecond? All the knowledge we acquire here we
can carry with us,—this is the only imperishable
wealth we can accumulate in this world,—this is
pure gold which pays better for the search than all
the mines of California, But, ere, how slowly
we gather knowledge,— what hard work we haye
to comprehend the geography of this little planet,
— there we shall stride rapidly on in our celestial
education. That bright comet which we saw
careering in its orbit through the heavens yester-
night, will no longer be @ source of mystery and
wonder to us, for, if Astronomy is true,—and who
doubts it?— thousands, it may be hundreds of
thousands of these splendid bodies are coursing
their joyous journey through infinite Space, and
in our second stage of existence, we miay be able
to comprehend their structure, to examine them
for ourselves, and, as Dr. Dick, observes “go from
star to star to view the handiwork of Gon.” Here
we cannot imagine how beings, at all constituted
as we are, can liye on the interior planets, Mer-
cury, for instance,— where the mean temperature
must be hot as boiling water,—or, in the other
extreme, how life can be sustained in Neptune,
the exterior or outermost planet in our system,
where water can exist but as a solid, and to the
inhabitants of which our sun must have dwindled
down to the size of a star. Hundreds of such
mysteries puzzle and bewilder the student in
Astronomy, for, slas! here we see “through a
glass darkly,” but in the bright day ahead wo
shall ‘see face to face.”
The great telescope, Mr. Crara’s, has revealed
thousands of stars so distant that a ray of light
from them takes sixty thousand years to reach our
earth —or, in other words, the light by which we
would see them to-night left those stars sixty thou-
sand years ago, As Mr, Craic remarks, “the
very stars themselves may have been extinguished
in space, and still appear to us to shine on from
the light transmitted to us in past ages, on the
same theory that we do not see the stars in the
place they really occupy; or the sun in the place
it was eight minutes berore we looked at it, as it
takes time for light to travel; though it does
moye with the rapidity of twelve millions of miles
every minute.” There are, too, according te Mr.
Crata’s supposition, suns and systems stretching
away and away beyond those revealed to our gaze,
and which, to even his powerful telescope, appear-
ed a dim light, but which he supposes will yet be
defined and resolved into separate stars or suns
as the before mentioned have been,
We will now close this too lengthy paper in the
words of a rare lover of and writer on astronomy :
“When we cast a rude glance upon the eyening
sky, we behold a few whitish spaces, which may
appear as no more than an accidental tinge across
the firmament, but which are, in reality, composed
of millions of splendid suns, where not a single
Fair Haven, Carroll Go,, Ill., 1859.
—————_+e+—______
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
THE PHILOSOPHER,
Tue philosopher, whatever position he may oc-
cupy, or whatever may be his surroundings, wheth-
er a palace or a cottage, is an instructor of his
fellow-men. He deals in principles, and is clear-
sighted enough to discover them in facts and cir-
cumstances a common observer would think trif-
ling. He is searcher after truth, both in the
things of nature and in the actions of men, If
any assertion or opinion can be proved false, he
rejects it, though it may have received the homage
of men for centuries. If he can demonstrate a
truth, he embraces it though all the world oppose,
He is an earnest thinker. Though in society he
may appear the most absent and unobseryant of
all men, yet his keen eye and quick ear, are ever
furnishing food for his busy brain to work upon.
From his point of observation, he watches the
mass of humanity surging around him. He ob-
serves, but slightly shares in their ambitions, He
ismoreateacherthan an actor, He seeks quietude
more than the busy scenes of strife, and in his
calm retreat, does the thinking for that portion of
humanity which never stops to think for itself—
Does he read a book, it is to him rich in sugges-
tion, and often does he pause in its perusal to fol-
low some train of thought it awakens, Pleasure
is not the object of his search, but truth. Does
he come in contact with anything unaccountable
or new, he rests not fill reason and investigation
have done all they can to cast light upon it. He
loyes truth more than notoriety, and the success-
ful solution of a problem in nature or science
gives him more pleasure than all the garlands of
fame. Me 0.
Butler, Wis., 1859.
————~+e,_____
THE POET'S SLEEP.
Tuar sensitive organization which causes virid
impressions, that fertility of the mind that makes
it, as Herbert says, a kingdom, accounts for the
peculiar enjoyment of sleep by the poets, both as
4 vital fact and a subject of contemplation. Its
luxury has never been more attractively set forth
than by Tennyson in his “Palace of Sléep,” and
“Sleeping Beauty;” and one of the bitterest
touches in the “Locksley Hall” is the “drunken
sleep” of the unloved bridegroom; Shelley cele-
brates its ‘mighty calmness;” and Wilson's Ode
to a Sleeping Child is full of pathos; Keats enfolds
it in a classic yoluptuousness. How exquisite is
the description of Madeline asleep :
“Blissfully havened both from Joy and pain;
Clasped ke a missal where swart Paynims pray;
Blinded alike from sunshine and from rain,
Aa though a rose should slut, and be a bud again,”
Notwithstanding the eloquent beauty and the
profound truth of such apostrophes, perhaps the
indirect and casual references of the bards to sleep,
more nearly hint its benign economy and its latent
significance. Thus criticism has recognized o
peculiar aptness in the phrase of Shakspere— how
sleeps the moonlight on this bank ;” so to the point
of Collin’s description of Fearis that on the “ridgy
steep” of “some loose overhanging rock, he
throws himself to sleep.’ Leigh Hunt utters a
natural exclamation in his vigil by a sick child—
“sleep breathes at last from out thee.” Talfourd
well attributes an invigorating rest to the ‘‘select-
est fountains of repose ;” and Coleridge has a fine
expression in the Ancient Mariner:
“0, Sleep! it is a gentle thing,
Beloved from pole to pole!
To Mary Queen the praise be givea—
Sho sent the gentle sleep from heayen
That slid into my soul ;”
while Mrs. Browning describes the aspect of death
as “long disquiet merged in rest.”
An infinite variety of epithets might be gleaned
fcom Shakspeare to the same effect, as when he
calls sleep a “ golden dew,” and compares patience
to the “midnight sleep.” But it is in its relation
to the passions that he has treated of this mystery
of our being as only the Poet of Nature can. How
memorably the wakefulness of Remorse is unfolded
in Macbeth!—of Jealousy in Othello, whom ‘not
poppy nor mandragora, nor all the drowsy syrups
of the world, can medicine to that sweet sleep he
knew but yesterday,”—of haunted and cruel ambi-
tion in the dream of Richard, and of fantasy in
Mercutio’s description of Queen Mab; how chastely
beautiful the sleep of Imogen, how innocent that
of the infants in the Tower! How Duncan's yen-
erable sleep unneryed his murderer’s hand! How
profoundly Hamlet muses ofits relation to immor-
tality ‘to sleep—perchance to dream!”—and
how natural, in the midst of the supernatural, the
Ghost’s allusion to his custom in life “ of an after-
noon” to sleep. Cleopatra’s wonderous fascina-
tion is indicated memorably in death :
“She looks like sleep
As she would snare another Antony
In her strong toil of grace!”
And what a comprehensive epitaph is this—
“after life's fitful fever he sleeps well?” or where
shall we find in the same space a better picture or
orb can be seen by the naked eye. The distance,
the number, and the magnitude of these brilliant
globes overpower the imagination; the grandeur
and magnificence connected with such august
objects are utterly overwhelming. We cannot
comprehend the extent of the solar system, or
even the dimensions of the sun; but what is one
Sun or one system, in the presence of twenty
millions of suns, perhaps far exceeding ours in
magnitude and splendor, and forty times that
number of mighty globes that revolve around
them? What is the number of the inhabitants
of earth to the countless myriads that populate
this universe of solar systems! Language ig
inadequate to express the emotions of the mind
when we reflect upon such a stupendous scene ;
but itis sufficient to call into lively exercise all
philosophy of the whole subject than in King
Henry’s familiar soliloquy ?—W, 7. Tuckerman.
——____- +e —____
Conversation.—Conversation may be too timid
and respectful to be either pleasant or profitable.
It is the collision of the flint and steel that brings
the fire out, Southey says, finely and truly :
“There is a pleasure in frank dialogue,
When mind meets mind in free and full debate ;
Men may live years and never know the strength
‘That is in others or within themselves,”
—_——_++—_____.
Errner there is dignity in intellectual rank, or
there is not; if there is, no other rank is needed;
if there is not, no other rank can give it; for dig-
nity is not an accident, but a quality.—G. HZ,
Lewes.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
THE RECORDING SPIRIT,
‘Tue sun has through his fall course rushed,
The western clouds have falntly blushed,
And once again carth’s din is hushed,—
‘The spirit of another day
Has penned its record, and away
Has fled on the last glimmering ray,
He watched theo as each Moment passed,
‘The first, the second, and the last
That eped with thee along so fast;
He saw thy gay hours and thy sad;
He marked thy good deeds and thy bad,
And every thought which thou host had
Of evil, or of right, is known
To that swift spirit who has flown
From earth to yon Eternal Threne.
The record which he boro away,
With others, too, in strong array,
‘Will meet thee on a coming day,
Not only all the sleeping dead,
But o’en the hairs which crown thy head
Have numbered been by Him who's fled ;
Nor has thy bosom heaved a sigh,
Nor gushed a teardrop from thine eye,
Whose record does not stand on high.
The pages of that book unfold
Many a bloody crime untold,
‘Whose only cause was madd’ning gold.
And many a proof that earneat prayer
Can shield thee from temptation’s enare,
In glowing type, is written there,
And bast thou friends in heaven? If 60,
Didst ever think how oft they go
And read that book thy deeds to know?
Ah, weep they not, if tears there be
In a splrit’s eye from sin act free,
Such black and fearful lines to seo?
There bastes a day when thon shalt look
Upon the pages of that book,
And read the doom thyself hast took.
Oh, write it, then, with greatest care,
And place no damning sentence there,
But mingle every line with prayer.
Disco, Mich., 1859. A.J.0,
+ e+
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
THE SABBATH.
“Wauen the heayens and the earth were finish-
ed and all the host of them, Gop rested on the
seventh day, wherefore Gop blessed the seventh
day, and sanctified if,” Well did the morning
stars sing together, and all the sons of Gop shout
for joy, as looking through the vista of coming
years, they saw all the blessings which would ac-
crue to man from this institution,—indicative of
the Eternal Sabbath above.
The Sabbath is always and everywhere beauti-
fal! As the dawning light throws open its sacred
portals, what a throng of hallowed memories rush
into every willing heart, and brood with a dove-
like peace over the slumbering world. We in-
stinctively allow our memories to float backward
and gaze at its onward march through the track
of time, like a guiding pillar of fire or a refresh-
ing pillar of cloud, interweaving with all its light
new beams of discovery and promise, until now it
stands forth more beautiful than when its rays
were reflected from the tiny dew-drops, or imbibed
by the flowers of Eden,— more awful than when
it was proclaimed by the thunder-toned trampet
of Sinai. Itstretches up its hand to heaven, and
plucking beauties which “bloom eternal” upon
the green banks of the “River of Life,” it strews
them at the feet of every humble worshiper.
A Sabbath in a crowded city is beautiful, but te
my mind a Sabbath in the solemn stillness of the
country is far more suh/ime. All nature both ani-
mate and inanimate, seems to know and welcome
its coming. Every sound which breaks upon the
ear seems mellowed into notes of exquisite sweet-
ness,—therivulet glides with a gentler murmur—
the birds send forth their sweetest strains,—the
spirit of beauty takes possession of the hours and
leads them on from the time the sun rises aboye
his eastern hills, until he hides his brightness be-
hind the pleasant glories of the western sky—
And when the Sabbath-bell sends forth its pealing
notes, chiming in sweet concord with the beauties
of nature, methinks earth can present no loyelier
scene,
The only discordant notes which are heard are
from man, for whom the Sabbath was created.—
He will not allow all this glory to have its design-
ed effect upon him, but would willingly raise his
tiny hand to pluck from Gop's Holy Day its robe
of hallowed rest, and mar the perfect picture, Sad
indeed must be the state of those who will shut
their hearts against all the sweet, wooing influ-
ences, which would fill them with love and praise
to Gop, and willfully trample, not only upon
Gop’s command, but upon their own most blessed
privilege. Man may say, I will use the Sabbath
for my own pleasure,—I will not interfere with
others,— but this cannot be. We are all so placed
by Divine Providence that each has an influence,—
from the highest to the lowest, all are so joined in
# social compact that no one can fall without
drawing down others.
The steps which lead to the desecration of the
Sabbath are easy and regular, and may tempt you
to follow them, but shun them as you would a
deadly viper, for if you begin with no Sabbath, you
will end with no Gop, Maite Ge
Newark, N. Y., 1859.
+0
Ox1y Betieve.—Jesus himself had no higher
remedy for sin, for sorrow, and for suffering, than
these two words convey. Attheutmost extremity
of his own distress, and of his disciples’ wretch-
edness, he could only say, ““ Let not your hearts be
troubled; ye believe in God, believe also in me,”
“Believe, only believe.”
———
rox was the reply of a venerable man to
Rape whether he was still in the land of
the living: “No, but Iam almost there,”
\derness
(Mlustrated), ...0...-+-+--+0
How to Get Throvgh the Winter,
“Sorghom, Where Is It?"
“ What Billed the Bees?’
Wintering Bees...
Boral Notes from Miss
Agrlouiturol Miscellany.—Des
Sopyeraene ona. Oper Ni Pairs;
and Town Ag'l societies; Hamliton Qo, Av'l Soci
Death of lon, We, Jarvis: Carn-Huskings Is ie hile
Like; A Mine of Emery; a Timely Suggestion.....,.... 866
HORTICULTURAL.
‘Transplanting Large Trees, (Illustrated).
Onondaga, or Swan's Orange Pear,
Grape Culture in Alabam:
European Nureerl
A Bering of Question:
Apples for Names,
‘The Limber Twig Apple.
New Plant Protector, (Illustrated).
Hedge Growing.
The New Grapes
Death of Thomas Nattall,
Perelmmops.
Massachos cultural
Death of Professor Henfrey.
Death of David Thomas. .
DOMESTIO ECONOMY.
How to Make Beer from Malt; Wilmington Cake; 1, 2
LADIES’ OLIO.
For the Mother's Sake, [Poetical;] The Two Nests;
Children’s Joys and Sorrows ; Household Care:
Good Nature, . SAE
CHOICE MISCELLANY.
The Automn Time, [Poetical;} The Beautifal; Middle
Life; Endure Hardship,
SABBATH MUSINGS.
My ome, [Poetical ;) Forgiveness of Sin Throurh
rist; Christian Enthusiasm; They Soall Obtaia
Mercy; Reading the Bibie..-..2... oc...
EDUCATIONAL,
Diffidence of our Abilities: The Good Newspaper a
Teacher; How Shall | Begin ?.
THE REVIEWER.
863,
069
USEFUL OLIO.
A New Plano, [Poetical ;) Tnsects as Seen In the Micro-
pepe Autograpbs of Milton and his Wife; Borax 0
, YOUNG RORALIST,
Harrah for the City; Boys, Help Your Mother..........
LIST OF NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
The New-York Tribune—Horace Greeley & Co,
Pianos for $160—Yoardman, Gray & Co,
Notice to Teachers—D. W. Fish.
Removal—E. PF. Wilson.
Normal Mosic School
$1000 to 81500 Per Yer torke.
‘Thorough:bred Stock fu 1, & Af. O, Mordoff,
Home Iusurance Company—J. Dorr.
50 Bushels Prime Apple Seed—J. a. Root,
ROCHESTER, N. Y., NOVEMBER 12, 1859.
DOMESTIC NEWS.
Matters at Washington.
Tue special correspondent of the N. ¥. Times
says that Mr. McLane, on the 8d inst., left Wash-
ington en route for Mexico. His instructions are
very full, including the subject of transit protec-
tion, and looking to the possibility of a general
Teciprocity treaty with regard to American pro-
tection of the transit. He is instracted to insist
on that, but to limit the operation of the treaty to
some definite period.
At the last session of the Senate a resolution
Was passed, requesting the President to cause the
heads of the Departments to submit estimates for
the expenses of the Government for the next Con-
gress, exclusive of the public debt and interest
thereon, provided the same can be done without
injury to the public service, Estimates ore in
course of preparation and in accordance with the
spirit of the resolutions, and with a view to strict
economy, but it is not at all probable that the ex-
penditures will be restricted to such a narrow
limit.
Reliable advices state that the government of
Nicaragua has every disposition to make with ns
a satisfactory transit arrangement, and that the
, only obstacle to this is the Belly contract, which,
however, has already failed in some particulars,
The dispatches from Consul Black to the State
Department show that Ormond Chase was most
atrociously murdered in Mexico, by officers be-
longing to the Church party, All that was in the
President’s power to do, will be or has been done
in view of that crime. If more than this is neces.
sary to protect the lives and property of American
citizens in that country, Congress must provide
farther means. There is no doubt that the Presi-
dent will prominently present this subject in bis
annual message, The friends of the Constitutional
Government think it is highly essential that Senor
Ledas should immediately return to Vera Cruz, in
order to exert his influence towards the consum-
mation of the pending treaty,
Official information from Mexico to the 2d ult.,
Says that the Juarez governmentis waiting for the
sae of Minister McLane, to renew treaty nego-
7 ee this Bentleman commenced them at
1s Was considered that it would be dis-
Feapectfal for him to transfer the proceedi t
Washington. » Tre tetd
The Treasury Teceipts for the past week are
$1,809,000. Drafts paid amounted to $1,072,000
Amount subject to draft, 4,505,000, On hand last
—_
Personal and Political.
How. Jaues C. Joxes, of Tennessee, is dead, Te
has long been prominentin politics, was Governor
that State, and for the last six years represented
in the United States Senate.
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
Iris svid that Ex-President Martin Van Buren
is engaged on an important and elaborate work,
which sball embrace # political history ef the
country down to the close of bis administration.
ls is to be hoped that the Ex-President will be
spared to complete bis undertaking, begun in the
eveving of life, and amid the retirement which is
80 favorable to its accomplishment.
Ar Easton, Pa, on Monday week, the Right
Rey. Andrew Benade, the oldest Bishop of the
Moravian church in America, and nearly 90 years
of age, died. He was much respected for his intel-
ligence aud good qualities.
Tue Legislature of Georgia met on the 2d inst,
Legrand Gerry was chosen President of the Senate,
and Isaiah Irving Speuker of the House. The
message was sent in; it is quite lengthy, and con-
fined to State affairs,
A pispaten to the Philadelphia Zzprecs says that
the Pennsylvania Opposition State Committee have
agreed to call a State Convention to clect delegates
to a National Opposition Convention of the whole
Union.
A srecrat dispatch to the St. Louis Zepublican
gives the official vote at the recent Clection in
Kansas as follows :—For the Constitution, 10,419;
against the Constitution, 5,530. For the Home-
stead Law, 8,758; against it, 4,772.
Tue returns of the recent election in Maryland
are very meagre, and seem to favor the Democracy.
Io Baltimore dreadful scenes were to be witnessed
at the polls, firearms were freely used, and quite
a number were killed. In a mojority of the wards
the rioters took possession of everything, carrying
all matters to suit themselves. The following
members of Congress are elected :—Harris, Davis
Webster, Americans; Stewart, Kunkel, Hughes,
Democrats. The State Legislature stands as fol-
lows:—House—25 Americans, 49 Democrats.—
Senate—8 Americans, 13 Democrats. One district
to hear from. re
Wews Paragraphs,
Tue death of Frederick I, Smith, Bsq., ‘the
first white male child” born in Erie county, Ohio,
is announced as baving taken place at Sandusky,
a few days since, at the age of fifty years.
A Srats Convention of sportsmen will be held
in the village of Geneva, this State, on Tuesday,
the 15th inst., for the purpose of discussing and
devising means for united action throughout the
State for a revision of the present inefficient game
and fish laws.
Over 500 men sre now employed in getting out
timber in the Virginia mountains near Rowles-
burg, on the Cheat river, which is to be used for
gun-carriages by the British Government. The
contractor has orders which it will take two years
to fill. The Cheat river oak is said to be the best
yet imported into England,
Tue fourth span of the Mississippi bridge at
Clinton, Towa, was finished on Saturday week.
This completes the entire work between Little
Rock Island and Willow Island. The masonry is
nearly done—the sixth and last pier being far
advanced towards completion,
An American traveler in Europe, in describing
the German railways, says that “smoking is all
but universal in railway carriages. In some of
them, in fact, I have seen this queerly illustrated
by a small compartment of the car devoted to
those who did not like tobacco smoke — quite the
reverse of our system of smoking cars.”
A piscovery of great importance has just been
made by the State Geologist in Texas. It is no
less than the discovery of vast bodies of iron ore,
as well as tertiary coal or lignite, beds of lime-
stone, pipe-clay, fire-rock and hydraulic limestone,
in the region of country immediately south of
Harrison county.
Ty 1858 more than one million two hundred
thousand barrels of flour were received in Boston,
or about four thousand barrels each business day.
The year ending September 1, 1859, the receipts
were 1,077,720 barrels. From Boston this article
is distributed all over the Eastern New England
States and British Provinces. Western Massa-
chusetts, a portion of Maine, and the large seaports
of Massachusetts, import their own flour to a con-
siderable extent.
Tue 1st of October, 1859, occupies an important
place in the meteorological history of San Fran-
cisco; its night was the first sultry one known to
the oldest inhabitant. Never before had a night
passed without blankets being necessary for a
comfortable sleep.
Wuite repairing the break in the Croton water
pipes in New York, it was discovered that the
Pipes, all the way from Croton lake to the city,
have been a swimming pond for the fish, Num-
bers of white and yellow bass were found, and as
fast as found were roasted by the laborers at the
great resin fires kept up during Friday night, and
eaten with avidity. One of the fish thug caught
was nine inches in length,
A Swarx or Bees rer Loose mw a Depor.—A
few days ago a man from Illinois passed through
Cleveland, on the railrond, with one hundred and
ten cases of bees, on the way to California. While
the boxes were being conveyed from the Tolede to
the ©. and T, train, one of them fell off the truck
and burst open, and in an instant the air was
filled with the buzzing insects. The depot being
crowded with Passengers, quite a commotion was
excited by the pointed attentions of the bees,
Cuance or Fasmiox.—We take the following
notice from the Philadelphia U.S. Gazette of Aug.
Sth, 1837: —" Mutthias, the Prophet,” visited the
Northern parts of this county last week, and on
Friday, preached in Manchester, Va. He was
decently clad, bat from the fuct of wearing his
beard, both on his chin and upper lip, he pre-
sented a most singular and uncouth appearance,
From Santa Fe.—The Westport correspondent
of the St. Louis Republican, says that four Santa
Fe mails are now due at Independence, and that
Serious apprehensions are felt for the safety of
both out-going and in.coming parties. The same
correspondent also states, on the authority of the
email carrier between Council Grove and Fort
Riley, that nineteen returning Pike's Peak emi-
grants, have been murdered by the Indians on the
plains since the killing of the Chief of the Karnz,
at the former place about two months ago.
Bosrvess Prospects 1x tus West.—The Cin-
sinnati Gazette says:—The demand for money
continues sctive, but chiefly from the country,
which is a favorable sign, indicating that business
in produce throughout the interior has become
| very active, and that country collections will con-
sequently very soonimprove. Throughout Iilinois
and Indiana, the desire to sell corn ut 20 cents to
25 cents per bushel, is general and strong, and at
Layfayette, Indiana, Monday, we understand, the
supply of corn bronght in by wagons, exceeded
anything before known, and the price declined
five cents per bushel. This abundant supply of
corn will lead to an abundant supply of pork and
beef, and will place the West in a position to
liquidate its indebtedoess, which cannot be large,
and put financial matters in an easy position
witbin sixty days, Wesay theindebtedness of the
West is not large, which will be apparent when it
is considered that ever since 1857, business men
have been engaged collecting up old accounts, and
contracting their business, rather than extending
it, so that no undue expansion can exist in th
Western States just now; and consequently, no
collapse need be feared. This, to our mind, is the
common sense view, and in fact the true nature of
the case, and it will take but comparatively little
to place business matters in a most comfortable
position, and the business community in very easy
circumstances,
Naturauizep Cuartnaman.—One of the immi-
grants from the Celestial Empire, has become a
full-fledged American citizen. He declared his
intentions in 1853, and having now perfected his
papers, stands on his reserved rights, which
white men in California respect without contest.
Tae Caanperry Crop.—The Barnstable (Mass.)
Patriot, says:—The cranberry crop has not been
overabundant this year, but there has been a mid-
dling yield, and the berries have ripened finely.
The higher lands and richer soil seem to have
produced best. The amount gathered in this town
is not far from a thousand bushels, and they will
sell for about $40 bushel. In Brewster, Albert P.
Clark raised 265 barrels, sold at $18 121¢ per
barrel—amounting to $3,478; Mrs, Lurana Wins-
low, 214 barrels, on three acres; Nathan Winslow,
58, on one acre; and many others have from 15 to
20 barrels. Our renders can judge for themselves
of the great profit growing out of the culture of the
cranberry in Barnstable county.
Brown Convicrep,—The leader of the Harper's
Ferry insurrectionists has been convicted, and
sentenced to be hung on Friday, the 2d day of
December next. Green, the negro, was convicted
of inciting negroes to insurrection and murder in
the first degree. The charge of treason was
abandoned in his Case, he not being a citizen.
—_+e+____
A Goon Dentist.—The root of an aching or
diseased tooth may)not be the root of all evil, but
it is the cause of abundant pain and tribulation.—
Sofferers from aching, diseased or lost instru-
meats of mastication, are confidently referred to
the card of Dr. B. F. Wrison, a practicul and
scientific Dentist of rare success, who performs
operations which are often painful and annoying,
in a satisfactory manner, giving little pain or
trouble to the recipients of bis delicate manipula-
tion’. Mr. W. isa true progressive, taking the
lead in adopting’new inventions and real improve-
ments in the dental art. We know whereof we
affirm, and therefore take pleasure in saying thus
much without the knowledge or solicitation of the
party commended,
FOREIGN NEWS.
Great Brirary.—Tlte London Zimes,in speaking
of Commodore Tatnall’s dispatch, relative to the
operations at the mouth of the Peiho, editorially
eulogizes it, and says if any defence were needed
for the acts of the British Minister and Admiral
in those distant regions, it would be found in the
dispatch which it has had the pleasure of printing,
The departure of the Great Eastern for America
hod been postponed sine die, and would probably
not take place this year.
The strike of the London builders continued,
and there were indications that it was beginning
to tell seriously against the men who refused to
resume work. The dividend was diminishing, and
a resolution was adopted to appeal to the public
for support. Recent returns show excessive mor-
tality among the wives and families of the opera-
tives in the building trade, and there was fear that
scores of innocent persons and young children
were perishing from sheer want.
The weather in Wngland had been unusually
severe for the season. Heavy frosts prevailed,
and a considerable quantity of snow had fallen.
Parliament is further prorogued to Dec. 10th.
The policy of England, in taking a part in the
Congress, is being canvassed by the press, and
generally the arguments are against it. The Lon-
don Times and Jerald are both averse to England
joining any European Congress on Italian affairs.
The London Post, Lord Palmerston’s organ, asserts
that it were an idle trifling with the influence of
England and the hopes of Italy, to expect any
Doglish statesmen, at all worthy of the name,
would hazard his own reputation and the national
honor entrusted to his care, by entering a Con-
gress, of which the basis may be an execution of
the Zurich treaty, The journal, in another edito-
rial, regards the Italian complications as very
serious, and the position of Napoleon as extremely
embarrassing. He has undertaken the special
protection of the Papal Government, and also of
Italian liberty —an opposition warfare. It is
almost certain that the Romagna will be attacked
by the Papal troops, It is also certain that at the
first menace of armed intervention in the Duchies,
the troops of Garibaldi will sweep before them
every vestige of Papal rule. Under these circum-
Stances the intervention of Austria will be antici-
pated. What part France will then play, and
What extension will the Roman question then
Assume? The Fost concludes by saying that Eng-
lish statesmen will make ‘efforts to avert the
dangers which threaten Europe.
The Chronicle says that Messrs. Beardmore
& Robinson, electricians, visited Valentia this
week, and sct on foot a series of experiments on
the Atlantic cable, Encouragement as to the
Success of the undertuking, both ag Tegards the
Tesuscitation of the old and the laying of the new
was in the ascendant These gentlemen found
room in the state of the cable to disseminate new
coursge among its friends,
Fraxce.—A Zurich telegram of the 18th, says
the principal points of the treaty of peace between
France and Austria, signed by the Plenipotentia-
ries and ratified by the two Governments, are as
follows: — Austria gives up Lombardy, except
Mantua and Peschiera, and as far as the frontier
line fixed by a special commission to France, who
transfers it to Piedmont. Pensions acquired in
Lombardy are to be paid by the new Government,
Piedmont is to pay Austria 40,000,000 florios, and
be responsible for three fifths of the debt of Monte
Lombard—Venetia making a debtinall transferred
to Sardinia, 250,000,000 The two Powers will
unite their efforts in order that reform in the
administration should be carried out by the Pope.
The return of the Dukes of Tuscany, Modena and
Parma, are expressly reserved to the two Empe-
rors, who will assist with all their power in o
formation of a Confederation of all the States of
Italy and Venetia, under Austrian rule. Ratifica-
tions were to be exchanged at Zurich within fif-
teen days.
The projected Chinese expedition had been dis-
cussed in the Council of Ministers, It was pro-
posed to dispatch 15,000 men, but nothing definite
was arrived at. The troops would not leave
before the end of the year.
Accounts from Cochin China say that the French
forces were so worn out by fatigue and disease,
that they were preparing to abandon Touraine,
and return to China. The only point which the
Admiral will not abandon is Segon, where exten-
sive fortifications had been raised, and a strong
garrison will be left.
Tracy.—Marshal Vailliant is reported to have
written to Napoleon, suggesting the occupation of
the Duchies by French troops, to prevent civil war
from breaking out.
The Neapolitan army, the Roman portion, was
increasing. It was rumored that troops had
landed at Ancona.
Considerable excitement prevailed in Piedmont
on the condition of the Zurich treaty.
The King of Sardinia, on receiving a deputation
from the municipality of Genoa, reiterated his
intention to defend the cause of Italian indepen-
dence to the utmost of his power. He expressed
the hope that the wishes of Italy would be granted.
The Common Council of Milan had voted 100,-
Q00f. toward Garibald’s subscription for the pur-
chase of muskets.
It is expected that the effective strength of the
new Sardinian army will be 100,000, exclusive of
the rifle corps and military marine. In addition
there will be throughout the kingdom, abont 600,-
000 National Guards,
Coumexorat — Breadstufs —Breadetuffa depressed,
the improvement noted at beginning of toe week being
all lost Fiour 22464@27s; Red Wheat 9-Sd@ 96d ;
Wheat do. 99de@lls, Yellow Oorn 69@ 3 Wotte
do, 638d@Te8d, Provisions. —Very iittle dong in beef,
Bales of pork steady. Lard steady—5s@O0s, Bacon
dull. Tallow unchanged,
Clippings from Foreign Journals,
Tue oldest pensioner at the Chelsea Hospital,
England, is in his 105th year. Excepting that he
is unable to feed himself, his powers and faculties
are remarkable; his sight, hearing, memory, etc.,
are good, and he is able to walk without the aid of
a stick.
Tue Rajah of Coorz, who bas lived in Oriental
magnificence, near London, of late years, is dead.
He leaves a daughter to inherit his millions, who
has been the object of the especial care of her
Majesty, and been educated and brought up with
English ideas, and in the Protestant faith.
Scuamrz, who, at the head of his Caucasian
mountaineers, has so long baffled and annoyed the.
Russians, is a prisoner for life, He was presented
to the Emperor lust month, and has been assigned
by him a residence and an income in an inland
town, where he will enjoy every liberty except
that of leaving the place.
Ix a speech delivered at Aberdeen, Scotland, a
few days since, Lord John Russell entered at large
upon sundry political questions. In speaking of
Italy he took occasion to declare that England
would never, under’ his auspices, enter into the
contest if the rights of the people of Italy to goy-
ern themselves, without the interference of foreign
coercion, were recognized, At the same time he
declared his firm belief that neither Austria nor
France would use any compulsion with the people
of Central Italy.
Tue London Zines says that agents of the
French, Austrian and Sardinian governments have
been soliciting tenders from the leading English
iron founders for a very large number of rifled
cannon. The Paris correspondent of the London
Terald suys nothing is heard on eyery side but
preparations for war. Not a single man in the
French army has yet been sent home on renewable
furlough, and only those entitled to discharge in
December next have obtained it. Not a single
ship has been dismantled, and active measures of
defence are progressing at the ports, The corres-
pondent gives a similar picture of operations in
Austria and Sardinia.
A paper read before the British Scientific Asso-
ciation on “Underground Temperature,” stated
that, with the thermometer sunk to the depth of
three feet, the greatest cold was experienced in
February, while at six feet deep the greatest cold
was in March; at twenty feet deep the greatest
cold was in April, and at twenty-four feet deep the
greatest cold was in July.
Lorp Brovanaw, though eighty-one years ofage,
has just undergone an amount of work in a single
week which would have severely taxed the energies
ofa man in middle life. His address at the meet-
ing of the Social Science Association on the 11th
ult., was a marvel of length and ability; on the
night of the 12th he took part in the anniversary
proceedings of the Bradford Mechanics’ Institute;
on the 18th he paid Sheffield a visit, and delivered
speeches marked by his wonted fire and vigor;
and the same night he was one of the speakers at
a working-men's meeting at Bradford.
2. TE A EE Ss: : :
G:
NOY. 12,
Ghe News Condenser.
a
— Filibuster Walker ts ving im obscurity in Now
Orleans. :
—The Walker Fillibusters have been scquitied in
New Orleans. :
— The United Btates forces at San Jaan Island nom-
ber about 500 men. :
— An eel three feet and six inches long was found in
hydrant in Boston last week.
— The International and Colonial Banks of Canada
suspended payment Iast week.
— Garibaldi has issued on addrossto bis troops warn
ing them that a batue js at hand.
— Atthe Inst State Fair of California, a cabbage was
exhibited that welghed 08 pounds,
— Salt springs have been discovered in the coal felds
of Southern Liinojs, in Marion Co,
— Secretary Floyd, it is sald, will succeed Ion. J. ¥.
Mason, (deceased) as Minister to France,
— The coon crop in the Obio and Selota bottoms,
says the Porismouth Tribune, is very heavy,
— Orsawatamie Brown was a soldier in the war of
1912, and fought at the battle of Plattsburgh,
— A well preserved colossal bronze bust of Cicero
bas bevn recently discovered near Pompei.
— In Hamborg, out of 2,848 cases of cholera thissum-
mer, 1,193 have died and 1,149 have recovered,
— Wild ducks abound tn the Sueqnehanna now, and
the sporlamen bag large numbers of them daily,
— All the prisoners in the La Crosse, Minn., Jail,
including a German murderer, recently escaped,
— Providence, RB, I,, contains 52,000 inbabitants, of
whom 82,000 are Americans and 20,000 foreigners.
— They charged one dollar for an admission ticket to
a single lecture by Bayard Taylor in San Francisco,
— Hon, Francis P. Blair, of Miseourl, a few days
since emancipated four slaves in the St. Louie court,
— 8ome of the Chicago merchants are agitating the
establishment of a clearing house for grain in that city,
—There is as mugh difference between a statesman
and a politician as there is between a pillar and a post
— At Lavacca, Texas, it is stated that a line of pack-
ets will shortly commence running from that port to
Hamburg.
— The Tennessee Legislature bas before it a propo-
sition to expel all free negroes from the State after Jan-
uary Ist, 1862,
— Thero was s general white frost in South Carolina
on the 22d ult. and in the middle and upper country
there was ice,
— It is estimated that two-tbirds of the population of
the United States haye at least two initial letters to
their names,
— Frost and ice were noticed near New Orleans on
Sunday week, and also in various parts of Mississippi
and Alabama.
— The Free Masons of Son Francisco have purchased
a lot of land for $92,000, and will erect a building worth
$100,000 on it
— There are five starch mannfactories in Stowe, Vit,
each of which uses from 17,000 to 20,000 bushels of
potatoes a year.
— A company of Zouayes bas been formed in New
Orleans, their commander baying eerved in one of the
corps in the Crimea,
—The N. ¥. Times numbers fifty-three actual sui-
cides within the Jast six weeks, with twenty more un-
successful attempts, €
— Agents from Tascany are understood to have been
in London and Paris trying to raise one or two millions,
but without success.
—The French Courter de Etats Unis states that
the original of the Pilgrims’ Progress bas been dis-
covered in Eogland.
—The Ex-Royal Family of Fravce—the Duke and
Duchess D’Aumale, the Count de Paris and the Prince
de Conde, are in Ireland.
— Rey. J. W. Grier, the oldest Chaplain in the Navy,
bas resigned. He is from Pennsylvania, and entered
the service 85 years ago.
— The Museum of the late Hogh Miller hos been
purchased by the city of Edinburgh for the sum of one
thousand pounds sterling.
— Horace Vernet, the femous French painter, is en-
gaged upon a Jarge historical painting of Napoleon
surrounded by bis Marshals,
—A farmer-in Dearborn Co., Ind., produced proof
that ten acres of his corn averaged one hundred and
seventy-five bushels per acre.
—In England no Jees than 80,000 tana of iron are
reqnired every year for the necessary repairs of the
tracks on the different roads,
—A deaf and dumb man in Connecticut, who mar-
ried a deaf and dumb woman, have had five children,
all of whom hear and speak,
— The mannfacturing of salt from the brine of the
eprings discovered at Graod Rapids, Mich,, has com-
menced, It is of good quality.
—Two “cattle drovers” were arrested in Columbus,
O., Monday week. They had 51 head, all of which they
had stolen at different points.
— It is expected that, by the middle of January, tele~
graphic communication will haye been established
between London and Calcutta.
— A steamboat to run upon the ice between Pough-
keepsie and Albany during the winter, ja among the
novelties talked of in New York.
— The Georgia State Railroad has paid into the State
Treasury, for the year ending September, the sum of
$402,000 over and above expenses.
— Omuibutes, the first in Syria, have been run ab
Beyrout. Crowds of natives stood gazing at them for
hours with wonder and admiration,
— The taxes in Austria which were Imposed last May,
‘and which were to continue only during the war, are
to be prolonged to November, 1860,
— Arkansas contains 825,885 inhabitants; of these
80,885 are slaves. The increnee of taxable property for
tho last six years has been 183 per cent,
— The Bol. American states that there are in the clty
of N, ¥. about 200,000 emokers, each using two clgare
daily, making 400,000 cigars every day.
—Arich vein of gas has been discovered at Mans-
field, 0, Soon after being openod it caught fre, and
has been burning brilliantly ever since
— The Michigan Normal School at Ypsllantl, with two
Ubrarles, furniture and Iuboratory, were burned Satur-
day week. Loss $20,000, insured ae she 4
cabndraw lacks on acai eattt by that
ter in South Carolina, With Aaa aL
employment, he began the study :
— delphis, according to the directory, there
In Philade'p prowns, 886 Johnsons, 904 Joneses
aro 505 Smiths, 412 Browne,
269 Williamses, 225 Wilsons, and 178 Davises,
— Itis a proverb in Jeff. Co., N. ¥., that snow always
a at Sackelvs Harbor 19th Oct, and an old gentleman
y annually on o bet to that effect
fall
wins mone,
AUBANY, Nov. 7.—Fioun asp Mrat—The market for HE NEW-YORE TRIBU ROFITABLE PLOYMENT!
Arar opened lancols, and throughout the moroing only a 7T oe: P
moderate oust Weoa done at iis closing prices of Satur- Advertisements. Tre -Tmoya—now more than elehteen yeary old, and | AN IMPORTANT WORK FOR AGENTS,
REDUCTION OF CLUB BATES! r al ‘9 having over Two Hundred Thousaud subscribers, oc oo ed
Single Copy, One Year, - - - 82
‘Three Copies, - - + 8
Bix ‘and 1 free to Club Agent, 610
Ten - B15
Filteen aes s 21
Twenty aoa “ $25
And any additional number at the latter rate—only
81.25 por copy !—with an extra free copy for every
Ten suoscribers over Twenty. Club papers sent to
different post offices, If dered.
{27 As we pre-pay American postage on papers
sent abroad, Canada subscribers should add 12} cls.
per copy to above club rates.
PUBLISHER'S SPECIAL NOTICES,
(7 Tre Ronat. Snow-Brit. ror 1860— pronounced afine
specimen of the Typograpble Art—Is now belng printed and
will soon be sent (post-paid) to all our agents, Wesball be
glad to send coples of the bill, specimens, etc., to all persons
disposed to ald a circulating the Romat, for which kind ser-
vice liberal inducements are offered.
$2 VoLontany Acests ron rae Roat.—Any and every
Subscriber, Post-Master or reader Is requested to act as vol-
‘untary agent for the Romat, by forming clubs or otherwise.
Now t4 Uo time for \ta friends to manifest thelr Interest in
the paper and the cause itvadvocates, elther by obtaining
new subscribers, or Inducing others to nct in its behalf. If
any lose or wear out numbers in alowing the paper,—
that's the best way to gct subscribers, —we will duplicate
them Ip order to make their files complete for binding.
27> Tuk Best War to obtain subscribers for the Ronat
Isto suiow A Xounen With @ paper to exhibit, almost any
person can get from five to thiry subscribers among bis
neighbors aod townsmen, Please try It, and “report pro-
gress.” If you do not get as large a club as you wish, Join
with some other person, or add your club to thatof the P.
M. or other nearest azent, By so doing you wilt confer a
benefit upon all interested,
S27 Sproiens Pree.—We always take pleasure In send-
ng specimens free of charge, Reader, if you bave any
friends, near or distant, that you think would subscribe for
the Ronat, or act as agents, please give us thelr addresses
and we will send them specimens, &o, No mater how
many names. he more the merrier,”
£27 Asr person who remits pay for a club of 6, 10 or 15
at the specified rates for auch o'ub, and adds a suffic'ent
number within one month thereafter, can avall himself of
the advantage of the price of large club, and retain the
amount overpaid.
§2- Drarts ar ovn Risk.—We lose Uttle money by mall,
but prefer Drafts on New York (less exchange,) payable to
our order, and which maybe sent at our risk if carefully
mailed to D. D, T, Moons Rochester, N. ¥.
2" Tuk Rowat is published strictly upon the casn
system—coples are never mailed to individual subscribers
until pald for, (or ordered by a responsible agent,) and
always discontinued when the subscription term expires.
{2 Any person so disposed can act as looal agent for
the Ronat, and each who volunteer In the good cause will
recelye gratuities, and thelr klodness be appreciated.
0
Taave AND Cousence or CixcrsNati.—The
products of the various manufacturing depart-
ments of Cincionati are valued for the present
year at $112,254,060, In the boot and shoe trade
there are 24 wholesale and 307 retail houses. The
book publishing trade is valued at ¢2,600,000. Ta
the clothing trade there are 66 houses in the
wholesale business, and the value of the clothing
manufactured is estimated at $15,000,000. In the
dry goods business, there are ¢4 wholesale and 194
retail bouses. The value of the furniture manu-
_ factured is set down at $5,587,000. The value of
the exports last year was $91,906,506. The ton-
nege of barges ronning between Cincinnati and
other ports 1s 10,459; of steamers 62,763.
Markets, Commerce, Le.
Runat New-Yoreen Orvice,
Rochester, Noy. 8, 1859.
We aro enjoying superb weather to-day—just that quallty
necessory for driving trade or political affairs, and in this
latter vocation most of the voting population of the Em.
pire Btate are actively engaged, The only “speculations'
Indolged in this A, M., are as to the prospects of the differ-
ent parties, and their candidates, and, as a consequence,
there Is exceeding dullness observable “on change.”
FLoun Is without alteration in rates,
Grain—The range in wheat has been considerably cir-
cumscribed durlog the week, poorer qualities advancing a
Nitle. Corn and Rye as Inst quoted. Oats declining
slightly: Barley Is Iso In the fall ng scale,
Borrau bas fallen off slightly, the reduction being equal
to 1@2 cen's # pound on both roll and firkin,
Daieo Fromr—Apples are advancing, having put on a
shilling # bushel during the week, Peaches are in market
at 18 cenia ® pound, Cherries 16@18 cents ® pound,
Poraroes have fallen off 12)¢ cents on choice varieties.
The rates for Hay remain as usual, but there is not so
much Sirmoess as has been observable for some weeks past,
Rochester Wholesale Prices,
Fioor Axp Grary. Eegs, dozen.
Flour,» int. wheat. 05,25@6,95 | Honev. box.
Flour, spring do, ..#475@475 | Candles, box
‘lour, buck wheat, ¥ ort 82.00 iy
Whea®, Genesee, .81,25@1,49 | Apples, bu
Best whive Can‘a, 91,2501 30
Apples, dried
Peaches, dried,
Cherries, dried, #
Potators .
Sheep pelts’.
Lamb pelts
Coal, Pittston.
Oval, Sbhamo!
ra
er Wester
45@5,°0 for
a
rales tir favor of the boy-r with a good auvpy olferiog.
Sweet wbite Oanaalan at #1,30. Corn lower an
roand yellog Ve Rye gales Barley duil veary ant
lower, #I'h a good sapply offering, Rales Canada East on
B. t. do Wraten p b.do:wo-rowed at 7+c. four-rowed state
ai Bic, and wwo-rowed do at 76c. Oats in fai
TC,
‘¥eeo —The market fs quiet with a good sunply offeriog.
TORONTO, Nov. 5.—PLocn—The demand for flour at
this polot bas no! in Very active, but still quice sofll-
ciently so to take up moat of the offerings, #bich nave been
small, Prices continue to rule steady, at somewhat biener
rates than last week. Toe following are the current quota
tens: Douhl tra, 05 614@5,75: extra, 6.5@%,
fancy, 0,805.00; superflus NO. i, €4,60@14t0; do No, 2,
Laas)
Gnain—We ba
west, The purchases over tb:
Ince have beea large, and cert
0 has put Into clreulsti
dav week, The rates curceut for fall whe)
Week uo to Toesdas ruled ve
of from #117 to 81.20 @ bast
there duriog |
ay, prices
&
i
erha
at esterday the inar-
ket was firmer, pair quite freely
amole. In tone, the feeling wes animated, and the
-age orice for tl deliveries. which amounted to
7,0" bushels, was not less than SLis ® busbel.,
av
about
‘There has been a steady demand for spring wheat through-
out the week, tne deliveries of which have been larger, |
and the samples genera ly of a fine description. fhe price
pais during the week bas beto in the vicinity of #1 ¥
ashel, wich an occasional purchase at €1.03 and #1,05,
Rince Tuesday the price bas elven way, and 95 to $70 for
common, and | for prime, are the current rates For car
loads % to 930 bas been realized. The markee for barley
has been active, at better rates. The receipts have been
small, not averaging over 609 bushels Bday. Prices have
bad on woward tendence, and oo Tuesday 70 to 75c was
pald quite frequenty for cood lots, The bulk of the erop
is. out at this point, but receipts at western polots continue
fair, Oa's continue to offer very sparingly, much to the
Por ahext ure demand Je lated. and the market
quie'; sales
qaest wt
revions prices. Sales Sute at 424c, and Cavada Eds at
for
Terms of Advertising —Twenty-Five Cents a line, each
perline of space, Seactat Norices—following reading mat-
ter, leaded — Fifty Cents » Line, each insertion, mm apvason
(@™ The circaiation of the Ronal New-Yorken far exceeds
that of any similar journal (n America or Burope, rendering
{t altogether the best Advertising Medium of \te clase.
fF All transient advertisements must be accompanied
with the cash, or a responsible reference, to secure insertion,
Those who send us advertixaments be published at prices
they specify, are respectfully adv that we are not ina
ition to allow any one to dictate lerms—especially when
the demand apon our columns, at published rates, exceeds
the apace appropriated for A\ rerusing.
aule in lota to suit purchasers. JA,
5() BUSHELS PRIME APPLE, SPED—FOR
SIL janeateles, N.Y.
OME INSUR ANCE COMPANY —\eency at Scotts-
vil spieal 41,001.00; aarplas 8100000. ‘The Suh-
soviher, having been aopolated Agent for the above relia-
‘bl+ Tovurance Company. will recelve apollcations and laue
ices onfavorabieterms. Para Raildings and Dwelitoes
insured at better rates than In Matual Companies, without
Haditity to assessment, 1. RR.
October 23, 1839, (Ut-1t) Scottayille, N.Y.
" RORCUGHBEED STOCK FOR SALE.—The
Sanscribers offer for sale & few pale of very One im-
proved Saffulk Pies trom J. STIORNRY'# stock, Boston: &
few pair of Essex Pigs and a few South-Down Rams from
the stock of Sawo#t THoaNe, of Dutchess Co.. nad a few
Silesian Rams from Ww. GIAMDEALAIN'S stock, Also, @
very fine Alderoey Bul. All of the alee is alrect from
Imp srted stock, or Its immediate descendants, address:
Slate HL. & M. 0. MORDOP?, Rochester, N. Y.
T 18 SO--WRITE AND SEE.—
81000 TO 61600 PER YEAR.
Ir you want a FINELY PAYING WINTERS RUSINESS,
worth triple the ordinary pay of Mechanics. Qlerks, Teach-
err, dc, one, too, that any one can doa bis owa vlcloliy,
and that {s entirely free fenm rial. then send for a OCROU-
Laof the ANBURN PUBLISHING 60,, and learo the
very liberal terns they wife Uo OsNPASSeRS evergwhere
oper NEW agen ROOK and address
surprise god dieonointment of consumers Every day G. SCORKE, Agent, Auburn, N. Y.
Jpwens the orababliiy af a continuance of high rates ts
asnn passes: aod the present prices deter consti
Fe ee tear Eon twice ecoubL a [oe WAN DERE: BE AB LON sows
very large one, beglos to move toe rates must go down,
Doring the past few days 474 to 400 © bushel bas been
freely paid, Peas have been brought in fo a moderate ex-
tent, yel the receipts are sma'l In comparison to the known
extentof thecrop. Rates continue to rule steady ar0@
5c, and for an ex!ra sample S7c # bushel.—Globe,
The Cattle Markets.
—The current prices for the week
@ as follo:
y OatrLR—First quality, @ ewt, $9,00@10.00; ordl-
16,00@7,00; luferior do,
* Ce gla Bl common do,
ALVes—First qnallty, # ., 6@6)0; ordinary do,
5@5'40; common do, 4@5c; {oferlor do, 34@Ac.
NORMAL MUSIC SCHOOL,
will be held in ALmoN. Orleans Oo., N, Y., commencing on
Monday, December 4, wud contisuing In acssion 81x
eeks,
‘Tuiriox, Ten Dollars. Circulars elving full particulars
may be ohtained by addressing A. B, Battey, albion, This
School atferas an nnsaroassed opnoriusiy for acquiring &
thorugh knowledge of Music at Aa low expense, ‘Those
withing to qualify themsrives as Music Teachers, and all
wishing athoroagh Musical Education, are earnestly Lavived
to send for & Circular, blals
EMOVAL, —T would reapectfally announce to my
frienda and patrons, that [ have renoved my rffice
from Gaffoey Bloca (cos, of North 3t, Paul and Malo sta.) to
NO. 7 MANSION HOUSE BLOCK,
(Over No, 54 State Street.)
SHeke AND Lames—Prime quality, @ head, #5,00@800; | ,Mynew rooms will be onen on and after Monday next.
ordinary do, #4,00@35 common do, #3,00@ 1,00; inferior, After a constant praotice of 20 veara, a ge acquaiotance
92,023, 00, with the best Dentists In the Calon, and with extensive
Swine—Pirst quality, 6@6Me; other qualities, 54@5%e. | crnvenlences for doing all kinds of work reqnired in den-
tistry, Lam prepared to perform all operations In the most
AUBANY, Noy, 7,—Cattur—Market dall, With a falllag
off of recelyts, holders are olsposed ty advance orices,
while buyers decline to meet them, It ls probable that
holders will remslo ficm, and there will pe considerable
Driakaess at the close,
whaton all grades;
We advance our quotations sume
This Week, Las week.
54@5K
Premium, @
Extra .. 44c@bu 4 Kea5
First quality iuc@in 4 @4
Second quality. Beet = - Bad.
Third quality 2kc@3 24@24
Inferior se a
Sueer AND TaMps—The supply continues Mberal—tao
much go for the interest of drovere—and the market is de-
cidealy In favor of buyers. Prices range from $2,50 to 04 @
head.—AUas and Argus,
BRIGHTON, Nov. 3.—At market 1825 beeves, 1100 stores,
6000 sheep and lambs, 1745 awine.
tra. $8.00@850: Orst quality,
#7.5@7,75; secon + third, #5,25@6,00.
Workixa Oxan Mm 157,
Mitch Cows—$12@5"; common, $22@97.
Vea Oatves—, 84@5,
YeARLINOS—$4@ 12; two years old, $16@20; three years
REP AND LAMDS:
WINE—Fat hogs, 6@}40,
CAMBRIDGE. Nov, 2—At market 2248 cattle, abont 1000
beeves, and 1213 stores, consist'ng of working oxen, cows,
yearlings, two and three years old.
Prrows—Market beef— Extra, #7,50@7,75; first qnallty,
$6,75@7,00; second quality, @5,75; third quality, 4,3);
ordinary, #3.00,
Srores—Working oxen, $9 $115@10; cows and calves,
925, #30, 815@62 earlings, 49@11; two years old, #16@19;
@
Ubree years old,
Deo in lots, 91,00,
Sneep aNp LAsns—¥800 at market,
$1.%5@1,50eacn Extra. #2 $225@2,7!
Hiprs—-8@7c PM. TALLOW—7@7Kc BB.
PeiTs—87@8l each. Car Skins—l0@12c F B.
TORONTO. Nov. 5.—Beer—There continves to be a falr
supply of cattle, the better qualities of which are purchased
for tbe New York and Albaby markets at 91,50 © 100 ha
Canada, for the part few weeks, has contributed more cattle
to the New York market than Illinols, and we are rejoiced
to hear from many quarters of a determination to do more
fo this individaal and generally profitabie line of business
Saeer plentifal, at #3.50 to St. Lambs, @1,75 to 92,50.
Calves are scarce, at $6 0 #8 each_—@lobe,
The Pork and Beef Markets.
approved styles, and at p. eur
lil please all.
Kochester, Nov, 4. (5Lbt E. PF, WILSON, Dentist,
NOT TO TEACHERS.
The attention of Teachers and Educators Is invited to
Rohingun’s Complete Series of Mathematics, embracing a
full course for Common Schools, Academles and Colleges.
Robluson's Series of
PROGRESSIVE ARITHMETICS,
and bis
INEW ELEMENTARY ALGEBRA,
and
UNIVERSITY ALGEBRA,
revised, are the moat prantical and most popular echool
books of the kind ever yet published, Many new methods
and practical noerations are embraced to. them, which are
not found in other works of the same grade,
The ahove books, aud also SANpen’s New Sentes oF
Teapens, SANDeR'S ANALYSIS oF Worps, Weis’ NaTORAL
PaiLosorny aod OneMisray, nay be obtained by teachers,
in single coples tor examlnatinn, at Aa/f price, and for
First Introduction, at very liberal discounts from wholesale
prices, by addressing the Punlishers’ General Agent,
D. W, FISH, Rost
bitte mies
iey's Bookatore,
TANOS FOR $150.
WARRANTED GOOD IN EVERY RESPECT,
MADE BY
BOARDMAN, GRAY & Co.,
Albany, N. Y.
Tue Subscrihera bavine heen Induced, after repeated
application. to make a PIANO at a low price, to meet the
wants of many now deorived of the luxury, have perfected
such an instrument, suitable for
SMALL PARLORS, SITTING ROOMS, &o.,
Finished in Rosewood, a Beautiful Piano, at
ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY DOLLARS,
{These Planos are yuLLY WaneaNreD, and have all
our lete Improvements, 3
Circulars Furnished on Application, giving Full
Particulars.
They also furnish a
insertion. A price and a balf for extra display, or 3714 ctx. |
are not in market. Sale at #110
#1 \are).14 for Nillwaukee clu
nes sales at 99
= mix
Bo aeady at MGIC Tor Siete,
oa heary and lower,
een foe mess: 81080 for nrime. Lard anckecs. Rt
sales at 1OM@@1L%C. «Butter less actly :
pic for ‘Cheese steady at 8@llc for common to
ie,
HS acectr thar teehee
eid for extra Michigan, Indian i
extra Lo! 05@ 5,40 for ex! Onlo;
ber Arretae for double extras.
RAty—Wheat in moderate demand and market steady.
Bales No 1 On)
Oricago snoring at %6@%70; Milwaukee club at
3 Rack h et and no sales,
dy anna pera Otbereratos lee”
OSWRGO Nov,
Grace—'
sales w:
Bh
OHTOAGO, Ne Frovn—Activeand
WEE ‘Sori ‘from store :
Gora active ang holders pressing the market
HANDSOMELY FINISHED PIANO,
Adapted for School Practice and Purposes, at
ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIVE DOLLARS!
(SEND FOR CIRCULARS.)
Our Regular Styles of LARGE PIANO-PORTRS, 6%, 7,
and 74 Octaves, we continue to maka with all the Late
Improvements, at from $40 to $)00, acrording to Size and
Finish. Large Discounts made to Oxsh Buyera,
ILLUSTRATED PRICE LISTS AND CIRCULARS FUR-
NISHED ON APPLIOATION,
All our Plano: Fortes have our Great Improvement,
THD INSULATED IRON RIM,
Making them the Best and Most Durable in the World.
tar SEND FOR CIROCULARS..23
Perfect Satiafaction Guaranteed, or Money Refunded.
BOARDMAN, GRAY & CO.,
site side of the water,
there wlil be no marketin Great Britain for products that
wil! justify over #4 for bogs. but their words fall upon the
ears of traderanaamere luie tale Nobody expects bora
to sell at #4—while packers generally would be willing to xo
through the season. at an average of # They are only
afraid thatthe price ill rule bieher, in which event, tbe
prevaliing Imoression fs, but tile will be accompiisbed
toward regaining the losses of the year, At present, hogs
for delivery within the current month, are not obta'nable
below #5,75,
Tue feelIng among hog buyers and packers Js very much
depressed, says the Ohlcago Democrat of the 3d Inst., and
prives will without doubt rule lo*for some days to come.
Not more than @4,50@3,75 was offered yesterday,
Tae Toronto Globe says:—Pork \s commencing to come Blt tf ALBANY, N. Y,
in freely, and flods a ready demand at from 3,25 to
100 fa, the general rate below $5,50, The demand la yet =
Confined’ tothe ineal and lamediate consumption, out | P2REMIOM DL ACK INK you avn make i for cle,
E RU.
slant ourcnawrs difused through eters State Terr.
‘of our Usion—eill continue in essence hak it nee
beea—the earoest champion of Liberty, Progress and of
whaverer wll cinfuce to oor oatlooal growth to Wi
Indasiry. Knowledge, and Prosperity, tt sil contlous to
Urge the emancipation not only of she Black laborer from
eosttellsmn aud legal imyoteace, but of the white likewise
from Land Monopoly, Totem,
vil spirit which
averandl
ment which ts to be trut
development and caltivation of our Interaal resources. It
i urgeotly advocate a more effectively discriminating
iT, the Freedom of the Pubilo Lands, the constraction
of a Kallroad from the pavieanle waters of the Mirsissippt
ery other mersure which
seems to us calculated to enbance the dignity or the recom-
pense of Labor aod promote the well-being of Maokind.
The “irrepressible conflict" between Darkness aod Light,
Inertia and Progress, Slavery and Freedom. moves stendlly
onward, Isolated acts of folly and madness may for the
moment elve a seeming advantage to Wrong; bot Gou still
reigns, and the Ages are trae to Humanite aod Right. The
ear 180 must witness emorable conflict between these
ncilable antagor lata, Shatl Human
by the power
now to re-
“Land for
Nexroless” is the
wept
“the Landless, for W
batule-cry of the embodied Millions *ho, having jot cy
pear fn tI
versus Negrors
Penorylvania. Obio and the North-Weat, a1
Congress bucked by nearly every Pree State, to de id
recognition of every m: rleht to caltivate aod lore
a modicom of the earth's surface wherever he has not been
anticipated by the State's cession tomnother. Free Homes,
and the consecration of the virgia soil of the Territories to
Free Labor—two requirements, but one policy —smust
largely absorb the att-ntion of Congress through the enau.
ing session, as of the People in the succceding Presidential
canvass: and, whatever the immediate fssue, we cannot
doubt that the vliimate verdict will be in accord avance
mith the dicia es of impartial Philanthropy aod the ioallen-
able Rights of Man.
Having made arrangements for fuller and more erapblo
reports of the dolnes of Congress, and of whatever else
traospiring at the Federal Metronolls aball reem worthy of
ublic regard. and having ex'eoded both our Forelgo and
omvatic Correspondence and strengthened our Editorial
slaff, we belleve THe TRIH08e may safely challevge a oom-
parison witn any rival, whetoer as na exponent of princl-
pies or as & reliable mirror of the passing world. We
purpose not vo be surpassed nor anticipated fo the collec-
Lon or presentation of lotelligence, though we esnnew that
reputation for enterurise which Is acquired by bribing mes-
sengers and clerks in pubile offices to connive atthe prema
tore puolication of tresties or other official docaments,
We prize accuracy of statement quite as highly as promotl-
tude, but endeavor not to sacrifice the ja'ter while securing
the former, Essentially, Tue TRIBUNE Will be what tt has
been, while we shall covstantly study to improve its every
feature, and “make each oay a crite on the Inst.” The
general verdict of the Press and the Public has affirmed the
success of our past labora. and those of che future shall be
characterized by equal earnestness and assiduity. We ask
those who belleve the general lofluence of our journal to be
salutary to aid us in extending tuat fafluence through an
increase of our subscriptions.
THE NEW-YORK DAILY TRIBUNE
is printed on a large imperial sheet, and published every
morning and eveolog (Sundays excepted.) Tt contains
Editorials on the tovics of the times. emplayiag m large
corps of the best cewspaner writers of the day: Domestic
and Foreign Gorrespondence; Proceedings of Congress;
Reporta of Lectures; Oity News; CawWe, Horse and Pi
duce Markets; Reviews of Booke; Liter Intellivence ;
Papers on Meobanics and the arts, &o. ‘BE Westeive vs
make [He TRIBUNE a newspaper to meet the wants of
the public—its Telegraphic news alone costing over 415,000
per anauin.
TERM3:
THE DAILY TRIBUNE |s mailed to subscribers at @5
per anowm, ia advance; 93 for six months,
THE NEW-YORK SEMI-WEEKLY TRIBUNE
fs published every ToespAy and Fripay, and contalos all
the Editorials of toe Daily, with the Cattle, Horse and Gen,
eral Markets, reliably reported expressly for THX TRUB-
UNE; Poreizn and Domestic Correspondence; aod during
the sessions of Congress it contains a summary of Cougres-
sional doings, with the more important speeches. We
shall, as heretofore, make THE SEMEL WEEKLY TRIBUNE
a Literary, as Well ds a political newspaper, and we are
determined that It shall remain in the frontrank of family
One Copy. Five Coples, one venr..@11 95
Teo Cop! a Ten do. © ona add-exs. 1 00
Ten Cop! fo address of euch subscriver,
92,:0 enc!
hy peraon sending us a club of twenty, or over, will he
entitled co.an extacopy, Foraclub of fifty, we will send
the Dally Tribune one year,
THE SEML WEEKLY TRIBUNE Is sent to Clergymen at
€2 per annum.
THE NEW-YORK WEEKLY TRIBUNE,
large elght-page paper for the country, Is published every
Saturday, and contains Editorials on the important topics
Or the times. the news of the week, foteresting correspond.
énoe from all parts o! the world, the New York Cattle,
Horse, and Produce Markets, Interesting and reliable Po-
litical, Mechantvat and Agricultural articles, &0,, 4c.
We ‘shall, during this year, as bitherto, constantly labor
to Improve the quality of the Instractive entertainment
aturded by THE WEEKLY TRIBUNE, wbion, we lutend,
shall antinge to be the best Kamily Weekly Newspaper
published in the Werld, We consider the Cutie Murket
Renoris alone richly worth to cattle ralsers a year's sub-
scription price,
TERMS:
One Copy, one year .. H| Five Conies, one year.
Three Caples, one year.-,. 6| Ten Copies, one year.
Twenty Covies, to one addrexs, . ch
and any larger nuinber, #1 each, ‘
Trenty Copies, fo address of each subscriber...
and any larger number at 1,20 each,
‘Any person sendiog us & club of Twenty, or more, will
be entitled to an extra copy. For a club of fifty. we will
send the Semi-Weekly Tribune; aad for a club of one bur
dred the Dally Tribune will be s.nt gratis, We continue to
send tue Weekty Taipone to Clereymen for #1.
Subscriptions may cowmence ataby time, Terms always
cash in advance, All letters to be addressed to
HOKA JE GREELEY & CO., Teibane Bulldings,
tt Nasiau street, New York,
EADER, if you want employment that will pay, take
an Agency, Address with stamp, for particulars,
olla S. M. MYRICK & CO,, Lyno, Muss
’S EASY FEED CUTTER
THE BEST IN USE.
Irs advantages are as follows:
1, It is sultable for cutting Staks, Hay, or STRAW.
2 [twill cat any Jength you require,
8. It is cheap and durable,
4 Itis warranted to do more work, with less power, than
any machigg Jpule 1a by
anuf and gold bi
aE BARTON and MCRINDLEY & PAFLPS,
511-6t No. 3 Bullalo street, Rochester, N. ¥,
CG ANBCEN
Brrangements are being made for an extensive winter busi- 13-at RTON, Eillagton, Onaut, Co, N. ¥.
UTCH BULBOUS ROOTS
ness in pork, In cured meats there is uotning doing.
Brer Packtno At Ontcago,—We are Jnst ia the middle of D
i" The Subscriber would inform his friends end patrons
of the arrival of bis Grst cousizoment of Datch Fl
ason, remarks the Press and Trilune
Roots, and is pleased to aay that they are partical
og
of the Ist Inst, and uo to to-night there have been packed
full 25.000 head. In the fall of 1858 we packed altogether
tulsseason, The stack comprises ail of the most de:
Varieties In cultivation, of
45,50t head. in the fail of 1857 and the spring of 1858 Lo-
Becher. 31,075 newt. ‘The following table shows the annual
Hy aciNT0s—Dounle and Singl@
To.irs—Double and Singie, Karly and Late.
packing sloce 1801;
JosQuits, PoLYaNTHOS Nakciss0s
Nancissos—Deuble Roman and Paper White,
Crocos—Many new and superb varieties,
CROWN [sPantats, Tara, SXOW Deora, RaNoscotos, AWE
MONeS ARUM el, eto, Also DooaL® Dauttas in upwards
of 400 euriertex—Dry Roots of which can be sent to any
partof the couatry fn safe'y.
For the convenience of those who desire a fine asvort-
ment, batare unacquainted with the varieties, be bas put
them'up in collections as follows, with full directions for
cultures otlection No. 1-Price #10—Contains
20 Hracinras, double and aingl*, (all nomed flowers.) de-
sirable for culture In pals or Blasses,
90 Hyacintas, double aud single, to for the Flower Border,
0 ToLrs, early, donb'e aad slogle, for pot cultare or border,
20 do late for the border.
6 PoLYANTHus Nancissvs of various sorta.
6 DOUBLE ROMAN ao,, for pols, (very fragrant.)
19 DowaLe Josquiura,
present to estimate the number yet to
son, bat If we are to judge from the
of cattle coming forward, the fal’s packing will
not fall far short of last year's. Some of the principal
pack|pg houses, however, state that they are nearly closed
for the season,
‘The Wool Markets,
BOSTON, Novy. 3.—The demand for fleece and pulled wool
Ate and the market continurs steady and
Mediterranean, S
jouth American and’ Kast Indian,
previous prices.
Saxon & Merino,fine..S8270 | Western mixed. it ao
Pull blood... ‘bt@s7 | smyrna, wasbed .. we Rane Sethe aniewaid Chinese plant, Dieuyrna SrxctA-
Half ana X blood. ...-4 cae
Common... 4 Roots Peontes, distinct varieties.
pate Collection Nu. 2—Price ¥5—Containa
Done. Onehalf of each of the above varieties, with the exception
of the Peonles.
Collection No, 3—Price 8—Contains
10 Dovnte end Sixaue HrAciXTas
12 ToLies fine mixed,
GO Noy.8—The following are the quotations,
‘almost entirely nomloal, as but very few sales
ASHINGTON MEDALLION PEN,
£84 [a the drawn namber of the Patron’s Ticket for
the first series of 104,000 gross, $1,000 wiil be paid to
the bolder of that ticket on presentation at the office of the
Company, 63 Cedar Street, New York.
The Second Series is now belng issued. The Pens are
now all Extra-Fine PoryTs, and more perfectly mude In
every respect than ever before, and are put up in new and
expensive boxes.
‘A sample Pen sent on recelpt of two 3 cent P, O, stamps,
W. M. PEN C
Box 4.135 P. 0.. New York.
\TED.—To sell 4 new Inveny
500! tions, Agents have made over $35,000 on one,—
better an all one almilar mpeccles) Send four stamps
and get 8 particulars, eratls.
S10'1se wont EPHICATM BROWN, Lowell, Mass.
© QUAWMUT. MILLS " ROCHESTER —We con-
S5 tinue to do CUSTOM GRINDING at the lowest rates,
‘and having improved the machinery of our mill for that
purpose, we pledge ourselves Lo give full satisfaction to all
customers.
We have for a*le at all times, wholesale and retall, the
best and most reliable brands of Flour, Also, Corn Meal,
Rye Flour Mill Feed and Screenings at the lowest prices,
and we solicit the attention of the farming community.
510-131 JAS. M. WHITNEY & Co.
Brown's Race, Rochester, Sept. 25, 1850.
MEXICO, ACADEMY, MEXICO, OSWEGO
Oo, N. ¥.—Che Winter Term of this long-e:tablisned
Institatlon 9) December 6th. Its thoroughoess and
popularity continue andiminished, For particulars address
SO7-Af J.D. S¢RELE, A. B., Princioal
HE LOGAN GRAPE.—The earilest ripening, Diack
hardy Grape with which we are acquainted. [ts frult
‘Lence—Co! tlve, S0@Se; quarter blood. 33@35; | 3 Nancrssv3s,
bar blood, Waste; tree quarter blood, S#@4#c; full} _3 Josquits
bloed, 46@42e. 25. nocos, fine mixed.
PoLen—No. 1, 9@25: superfine, 80@35; extra, 35@40; 1
double extra, 40@42.
Hean! tage stamp. Address
anpiicunts nclosing a postr BLLAS, Springfield, Masa,
Marriages.
Tx Bast Rush. Octaber 241 JOUN PARKER
THBODORE B, GREEN ay Boia PARI al of Kast
Hevs2s22Fr2BRs,
TRY
JAMES PYLE’S
DIBTHETIC SALBERATUS,
‘Ix Onondaga Valley. at the residence of the bride's fsther, | Te Rest article ever prepared for making wholesome
on Wedoesdur, Oc Se bp hee a THOMAS | BREAD. ‘a= Solid by Grocers everywhere,
OUSHING and Mis MAY L Pharr Mt Depot 245 Washington. Or. BLN. bizdt
wis nk to us eas cia nen any Tas grape crowd
outof doors Berry oval; bunch compact
Our Ilustrated and Descriptive Cats onus, of over ee
of Gri sent It is who Incloss Me
Ske C, P. BISSELL & SALTER, Rochester, Ne Ys _
STRAWBERRY, SEED FO)
few Leptin fo of Stnawaerny S
JUST PUBLISHED,
THE LIFE, SPEECHKS AND MEMORIALS
or
DANIEL WEBSTER,
CONTAINING HIS MOST CELEBRATED ORATIONS,
A Selection from the Bulogles delivered on the o¢casion
of bis Dent, end bis Life and Times,
BY SANUEL M. SMUCKER, LL D. |
rinted on fine pat
meontainiog exeetene at
pplage and Mansion at Marehfeid;
tb eat oe rural, a Poplar
1¢ American pul and Is con-
winced that {e will supoly an important sant In Americaa
literature, No work as Uo y i
resented, within’ coupact and enuenient crimoien. re
Chief events of fel Webster, bis most remark:
pee Inve ec a araaae ‘he most valdable aod lnterest-
bonor ot ble memery, = ena "adel
We present all these treasures In thls volume, at a very
moderate price, and In & very co,
tion oe cer in clo, #116: handsomely eanbossed ivaiacn,
*
Fample coptes seat by mail, post pald, on rece|pt
scription yrice on. Rio.
Clroular, giving contents of the work,
my Publications, will be sent ree upon pol
DUANE RULISON. Papllsher,
606-Steow 3 South Third Street, Philadelphia, Pa,
UANO.—We would call the attention of 10 Deal-
ers, Planters and Farmers to the article which we hav
on band and forasdeat TILKCY PER CENT, LESS THAN
PERUVIAN GUAN ), and wh'ch we claim to be superior to
any Guano or fertilizer ever Imported or manufactured
this country, This a
of New York!
Pa
4. Ontal
"a direas
Aerioaltaral Chemi:
by our circalars) « lange per centage of do:
and found to contain (as will bi
ne
ep hte
causes the plant to grow we ie
h nA
"NR. ¥.
600. ACKES OF HANNIBAL AND 8ST,
A JOSEPH RATLROAD LANDS, For Sale om
Long Credit and at Low Rates of [nterest.
Toese Lands, graoted by Congress to ald In. pracencing
Six Miles and all
the Road tie, to a great oxtent, #ithig
within Pifteeo Mies of the Koad, which Is now completed
Ubrough @ country unsurpassed In the salubrily of ita Oll-
mate and fercility of lus Soll Its latitude adapts It to @
greater variety of prodacts than land elther oorth or aon!
OF it reuderive tne prods of Tarrclng wore certain” and
Mealy tina in any ocber diarictof odr counter. | 1)
fs position ta auch. as to commanct at Low Raven
both Nortiern and Southern Nurketa, ~
To the Parmer desiring to better bla condition, to
wishing to invest money in the Weat, or any in cabot
prosperous Home, these Lands are commended”
For (ull particulars upoly to) JOSIAH WONT &
Land Oommissioner Hanolbal and St Joseph Mallrond,
13 Hanalbal, Mo,
ATBHR FIP BD.
V
THE CHEAPEST & MOST DURABLE IN USE.
Wehavo heen unable during the past three months to
supply the demand for this Pipe, but have recently made
arrangements for the manufacture on a more extended
scale, nnd hope hereafter to be able to All all orders
promptly,
This Tpe ts made of Pine Timer tn, sections elght foot
long | tls easly Iald down, not able to get owt of orien,
god If properly lald ls the most durable of any kind of
ipe In use,
We ean produce any amount of evidence of its durability,
capacity, strength and superiority over any other,
be price of the size commonly used for farm purposes,
is d certs per foot at the Puctory.
Our Maoufactory is at Tonawanda, Erle Co,, but orders
should be directed Lo us at 44 Arcade, Rochester, N.Y.
508 18, HOBLIE & GO,
EW GROCERY ESTABLISHMENT,
No. 20 Front Street, Rochester, N. ¥.
JOIN J, JARVIS has opened a Grocery Store, where
can be had a cholce lot of Groceries— Tens, VolTees
Sozars, Molasses, Svices, Raisins, Prunes, Zante Currants,
Nutmegs, Indigo, Tobacco, Clears, &c.
JOHN J. JARVIS,
Rochester, Sept, 18, 1859, GOL-ist
TPROE DELAWARE GRAPE VINES, PROPA-
#ated from the original stock, price #1 to Also,
gan, Rebecca, Diana, Concord, Hartford Prolific, and other
Hew varieties, #1 to $2—all strong and well ronted
for delivery in the Fall. ‘GEO. W. CAMPBELL,
August, (359. (602-13t) Delaware, Ohio,
UNION FEMALE
pares SEMINARY
Albion, Orleans Co., N. ¥.
The next School Year of this [nstitotion, commences on
the first Thursday of September oext For Terms, see
Catalogue at this Office, or ard to
AOHILLES, Proprietor,
Albion, N. ¥,, Aug. 8, 1859. GLU
0 HOUSEKEREPERS, —SOMETHING NEW.
B. T. BABBITT’S
BEST MEDICINAL SALERATUS,
GQjls manufactured from common aalt and Is pre-
pared eatirely diferent from other Saleratas.
All tbe deleterious matter extracted In such a|
manner as to produce Bread, Biscuit, snd all) A™>
lklods of Cake, without contalding & particle of
Saleratus when the Bread or Oake is baked;
thereby producing wholesome resulta. Every
article of Saleratus ls tarned to and passes
hrough the Bread or Biscult while Baking: con-
kequeotly nothing cemains but common Salt,
Water aod Flour, You will readily percelve by!
ithe taste of this Saleratus that it lsentirely differ-
ent from otber Salerutus,
70 It fs oacked Ly one pound papers, each wrapper
AU branded, *B. T. Babhite’s Best Medicinal Satera-|
‘tus;"" also, picture, twisted loaf of bread, with a!
68 es of elfervesciog water on the top. Wheo
You parchase one paper you should preserve the
wrapper, and be particular to get the next exact
ly like the Orst—brand as above.
Full directions for making Bread with this Sal-
70) eratus and Sour Milk or Cream Tartar, will ac-/7()
lcompany each package; directions for mak-
all kinds of Pastry; for making Soda
‘ater and Seldlita Powdera.
MAKE YOUR OWN SOAP,
wita
Babbitt’s Pure Concen-
trated Potash,
Warranted double the strength of ordinary Pot'
lash. Put up In cans—l Rs, 6 Os. aud
68) ts.—with full directions for making Hard and
Soft Sosp, Consumers will Gnd this the cheapest
Potash In market.
Manufactured and for sale by
B. T. BABBITT,
70, Nos. 68 and 70 Washington st, New York,
601 and No, 83 Indla st,, Boston.
Mass YOUR OWN SOAP.
SAPONIFIPR :
On
PURE CONCENTRATED POTASH.
Warranted double the strength of ordinary Potash. One
und will make twelve gallons good stroog Soay without
fime and wich Utde trouble, Manufactured and pat up In
1, 4 and 6B. cans, to lumps, wite directions, at the CHa
Lsvau OxewicaL Wouxs, New York
An,
B. T.
PR DURKEE & CO,
151 Pearl sirecl, N. Xu Broprletors
Bold everywhere. 00-254
He™mess FOR ALLI
FOR SALE,
Acre, desirable FARMING LANDS in
Kentucky, and Middle Tennessee,
Westera Virsiola, Easter? io Bullvan and Elk Counties,
OAS EMIGRANT AID AND HOMESTEAD
New York. ott
FAMBrOnT CHEMICAL WORKS,
2. B. DeLAND,
edxing the favor and patronage wi
Acknowledeiom hit by the Trade and ote ray
menoement oats generally, eat wit grea tne cased
facilities he cobtinuesto mauufacture & superior article of
SALERATUS, PORE CREAM
BON ire DE ODL BAL KODA ee! CAE
The above articles will be sold tn all varteu
oF packages,
low grices as they are afforded by any other fmanal
and Io every i ior
Care
case warranted pure and of
Orders respectfully solicit
Gant y solicitad and promi 1
e rtby gar- | express and sole a
sorts, which we bave taken to dispose of for a wo i
0 y for the amateur ‘the teed In
denen hia a apy excelent ofl iow ganietea ot Straw: | Winter on Ue bes ‘Gor to uationeny foe Come,
berries, Price #1 per package. Address “ Ronan" office, and Meal only. tl 0. A iN.
OT A HU MBUG.—Wanted, one or more Young Men
N' in each State W» travel, fo wham mT be bald 40 Ae
Plaistow, N. H. SOLE
and expenses,
ee is ALLEN & COw
inge’s Perpetual Alin, Patented Joly, ‘57,
Ly A ee AMHR My
oe adnate ©! gitn’? OD. PAGE, Rochester, N.Y,
‘Written for Moore's Roral New-Yorker,
BE BRAVE OF HEART.
*
DY URDHON DELLS
Bu brave of heart, ye men of toil,
Bear up "neath Labor's load awhile,
5 \e Darren whste that’s now o’crepread
| oestsony abrubs and jointed eanes
1 With golden grain will wave instead,
And Plenty bloom whero Want now reigns.
Be brave of heart! let anvils ring,
And forges breathe their fire and smoke,
Sweat attby task and proudly swing
The hammer with a steady stroke;
q Mould out the stecl in graceful shares,
1 And forge the iron with jest and song—
What though thy life is filled with cares,
Thy heart is brave, thy hands aro strong.
Be brave of heart! with wood and stone
Rear temples to the clouded sky,
Make rivers toll and engines groan,
While wheels revolve and shuttles fy,—
Let Progress take a higher flight,
For steam, tho giant, is our slave,
‘With it we scale the rnountain’s height,
And ride the ocean’s crested wayo,
Be brave of beart, and scorn the fools
Who fling thoir taunts at those who toll,
They are vain fashion’s servile tools,
‘The barren fig trees of our soll,—
Although they boast of ease and wealth,
Of glittering gold and fertile lands,
q Their heritage is not thy health,
Nor yet thy rough and honest hands.
Be brave of heart! the captives bound,
‘With all earth’swrong’d look up to thee;
‘The Roman with his chaplets crown'd
‘a8 not more noble, nor as free ;
ian mien al forge, and loom, and plow,
nd Fortune, from her ample store,
With Honor’s wreath will bind thy brow,
And bid thee go and want no more,
. Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
UPS AND DOWNS.
BY EMILY C. HUNTINGTON.
‘Tue Siurn’s were going up in the world; nobody
disputed that, and this I take to be conclusive
proof, since there is nothing that people are so
loth to admit as that their fellows, who have stood
upon the same social platform, are rising in the
scale above them. The Surrus then were going
up, not slowly and gradually, but all at once, and,
as often happens to people in such circumstances,
they were a little giddy with the sudden elevation.
It was hard to tell when the Surrus first came
to Newton; one thing was certain, three genera-
tions of them had lived and died in the old red
house by thecross-roads. Of these families, Surrn,
the first, was a cobbler, and managed to makea
tolerable living by repairing the boots and shoes
of the farmers round-about. Sra second, eldest
son of Sura the first, inherited the old red house,
but, disdaining the paternal trade, converted the
cobbler’s shop into a corner grocery, stocked it
moderately, and drove # steady trade in sugar,
flour, tobacco, and cheap whiskey, until, from the
natural wear and tear of life, and the effects of
hard drinking, he was gathered to his fathers, and
left his earthly possessions, with his good name,
to his son Anprew Sara, called. Anny “forshort.”
Anxvnew, like a dutiful son, stepped quietly into
the honorable position his father had vacated, and,
assoon as decency would allow, married Berry
Gneen, old farmer Green's daughter, a most sub-
stantial maiden, who had been brought up to work
all day in the field in haying or harvest, bare-
footed, like ‘‘Sweet Maup Muxter,” and then milk
the cows at night, like those milk-maids poets say
Such pretty things about. Farmer Green hadn't
any boys, but, ag he very justly remarked, “Berry
Was equal to six boys any day.” Certainly, there
Was enough of her to furnish material for a half
dozen city dandies,
Thewedding was quite a merry affair in its way,
after which Anny and his bride took a trip to the
neighboring city in a one-horse wagon, with a
if oats under the seat, to save expense for
Eiekesiins, and, returning in a day or go, set-
tl
b
a
‘ir of
lown in the old red house by the cross-roads,
ide brought as her dowry, a feather bed, a
blankets, and several blue and white woolen
“‘kiverlids,” woven by her o
might have been anticipa'
beginning, the married
smoothly enough for
| ges ars. Olive branches grew up in abundance
) le shin them, and | either poverty nor riches
ey might baye \d died contented with their
lot, but for an unlooked-for event.
Somewhere, down east, Mrs. Berry had a wealthy
relative, as all heroines have, who was good-na-
tured enough to die and Jeave all her property to
her “dear niece, Berry Ssaru, formerly Berry
Gneex.” When the attorney’s letter was received,
formally announcing the fact to the heir at law,
the whole family was thrown into the greatest ex-
Sitement, Every one was immediately clothed in
the deepest and blackest of mourning, for the
dear Aunt whom they had never seen, and whom
they had long regarded as a sort of mythical per-
sonage. The effect of this change of costume was
rather odd, particularly upon Mrs. Surrs, whose
round, red face shone out like a full blown peony
from its black surroundings; but she was evi-
dently delighted with herself, and who had a right
to call her taste in question?
‘Time would fail me to tell all the things that the
Surras found it necessary todo. OF course they
could not think of living in the little old red house
any longer; so ANpy put up ® board on the
with “FoRe salL,” written on jt, in
t black letters. In spite of sundry jokes by
‘ags of the village about ““Anpy Surrn's fore
MOORE'S RURAL NEW
sail,” a purchaser was found in due time, who was
to take possession as soon as the Surrn’s: could
find another place that suited them. Ty
Mrs. Burry contended strongly for building a
grand house, ‘‘with littlefences round the windows,
and a belfry on top,” but her husband dwelt upon
the long time they should have to remain in the
old house if they waited to baild, and so won her
over to his plan, of buying the great staring red
brick on the hill, that was originally built fora
factory boarding house, and abandoned because
there was not any factory started. After fitting
this up with what they called “modern ingre-
jences,” the Svrrn’s took up their abode in it, and
immediately installed themselves as, the aristoc-
racy of Newton. Henceforth Mrs. Berry became
Moxvy, but Marre, and Simm, junior, who was
christened Anprew, in loving remembrance of
both father and grandfather, wrote his name upon
all occasions A. Jackson Saytne. These two
eldest hopefuls were placed for a year in a bourd-
ing schoo), where the boy learned to smokecigars,
play whist and get up astonishing neckties, while
his sister eead cheap novels, and spent a great
part of her time in eating chalk and starch, and
taking enormous doses of vinegar, in the yain hope
of becoming pale and elegant, after the style of
the willowy heroines that so charmed her faney.—
They came home perfectly accomplished, as their
delighted mother was assured; indeed, as she af-
terwards told a confidential friend, her daughter
was pronounced a “regular deficient in her
studies.”
Tt was really pitiful to see Anny Suir wander-
ing about town, in a painful state of uncertainty
as to what propriety required of him. He bad an
evident hankering for the corner grocery, and
gazed at it wistfully in passing, as if he really
longed to stand behind the counter again, but he
seldom entered. He would examine the sleeve of
his new coat, stroking it admiringly, as if aston-
ished at its quality, while the coat itself wore
almost as visible a look of wonder, and struck
every one as being hung up in the wrong place.
As months wore on, poor Anny grew more and
uncomfortable. A man placed suddenly upona
high tower may amuse himself for a while with
the novelty of his position, and the extent of the
scenery, but when these tire a little and he begins
to look down, and calculate the distance to the
ground, and think that a single false step might
send him there, he is very apt, especially if his
head be weak, to forget everything else in the fear
of falling. It was very much se with Anpy, and
yet he wi [mot have admitted that he was not
the happiest man in the world.
One summer, just as the hot season began to
come en, Mrs. Sima and “Manre,” after a great
deal of consultation, and numerous cabinet con-
ferences, announced to the paternal head that it
was necessary, for the health and respectability of
the family, to take a trip to some watering place,
and Saratoga was suggested as the most desirable.
No objections being raised, they immediately en-
tered upon a course of preparation. Mrs. Siure
was in favor of taking all the children, but Mante
talked so convincingly of the vulgarity of large
families, that it was finally settled that only the
three eldest should go—A. Jacxsoy, Manie, and
Nancy.
This last daughter deserves a special mention,
as she was, par excellence, the genius of the family.
Plain and outspoken, even to a fault, she stub-
bornly resisted every attempt to reduce her to any
thing but her simple, natural self. She would not
be Nannie, or Nancie, or anything else but Nancy;
that was her name, and she liked it. She entered
heartily into all manner of fan and frolic, and it
Was a matter of perpetual regret to her that she
was not allowed to go barefyoted, and play in the
barn,
Afterinnumerable trips to the city for dry goods,
and consulting of milliners and mantua-makers,
the party were equipped to their satisfaction,
and ready for the jaunt. The baggage, at the sug-
gestion of A. Jackson, had been simply marked
“Smith,” as the most aristocratic way, and altho!
the young gentleman contended strongly for a
different spelling, his papa for once was inflexi-
ble; “his name wasn’t Swyrne, no how, and ’twas
forgery to put other folks’ names on to things; he
knowed a chap sent to State Prison for it.”
Mrs. Sarum had never traveled by railroad in her
life, and consequently was in a state of nervous
trepidation lest she should do something out of
the proper course. The driver who conveyed
them to the city, deposited them bag and baggage
atthe depot, Mr. Swira with the children entered
the sitting-room, and Mrs. S. was about following
when a man stepped up, and laying his hand upon
the trunks, asked, “Where is this going ma’am ?”
“To Sarrytogy,” was the hesitating answer, as
she eyed the man sharply.
“Allright; here Paz, take this over; here are
you checks ma’am.”
Mrs. Sain took no notice of the checks, but as
soon as the Irishman took up her trunks, and
commenced trundling them toward the freight
platform, she rushed after him exclaiming,
“See here, Mister, you need not try to play any
of your city tricks on me. We're goin’ to ride in
the locomotion, and them trunks is goin’ with us,
and you needn't to think we shall let you carry’em
to Sarrytogy on that wheelbarry.”
In her indignation she raised her yoice until it
reached Manze in the setting-room.
“Gracious! what is ma doing,” she exclaimed,
starting for the door, followed by her brother.
The tableau was complete— Mrs. Syuru, red and
angry, the amused railroad official, the perplexed
paddy, scratching his head and looking from one
to the other—but A. Jackson very quickly spoilt
the picture by respectfully requesting his mother
‘not to make a fool of herself,” which suggestion,
followed up by some indignant ejaculation of
Manus, had the effect to bring her into the room,
where she sat vigorously fanning herself with a
newspaper until the train arrived. Having made
one blunder Mrs. Suirm quietly subsided and gave
up the whole care of the baggage to her son.
Just at dusk they reached the city of A., where
they were to spend the night, All but Ssura
junior were completely bewildered by.the crowd of
importunate hackmen that clamored in every key;
that young gentleman, however, was gifted with
’
Exizapetn, ber eldest daughter was no more |.
an unlimited amount of cool impudence—not a t
bad traveling companion where brains are lacking
—and accordin, ly undertook the escort of the
party, which, rath to tell, he carried bravely
through, establishing them in a eapacious car-
ringe, and landing them srinmphaa Dy ® first
class hotel.
After considerable parleying and some confu-
sion they found themselves in possession of ite
of rooms—a parlor and two bed-rooms, for, as
amt declared, “the gals can haye one room,
we can have the other, and ANprew Jackson can
sleep on that big gofy.’”
“Will you have your trunks sent vp,” asked the
grinning waiter, +
“Yes, the largest one.”
“What name, sir?”
“Smith,” very emphatically.
In a few moments a porter brought in o big
black trunk, landed it in one corner and retreated,
Mrs. Surrm sat panting in a large rocking chair,
her spouse stretched at full length on a sofa;
Nancy looked from one window and laughed at
some comical scene; A. Jackson, with his hunds
stuck in a consequential manner in his breeches’
pockets, promenaded the room and whistled;
while Maxie commenced preparations for appear-
ing at the supper table. ‘Where are the keys,
brother,” she asked. The young gentleman care-
lessly tossed her a bunch, and continued his
promenade.
“Can't you tell me which one belongs to this
trunk,” sheasked impatiently, after trying several.
“Keep on till you find it, if you have not got
sense enough to tell,” was the gracious answer,
After a good deal of trouble she succeeded in
forcing one of the keys in, and opening the trunk.
“Gracious! ma,” she exclaimed, “here is pa’s
blacking brushes right on top of everything,” and
the offending articles were tossed across the room,
She tossed over the contents a moment more,
throwing various masculine habiliments to the
right and left in a very summary manner. ‘TI de-
clare,” said she finally, “I can’t finda thing, My
pink barege is n't here, and right where I put it is
a pair of great dirty boots. I think itis a shame
for'pa to act so.”
Mr, Sara being roused from his nap by the
storm of indignation, feebly declared that he had’nt
puta thing into that trunk, which brought Mrs.
Sacre to the rescue.
“Sakes alive, Mort, them isn't your pa’s clothes
none of ’em; nor that isn’t our trunk neither, tho’
it is most exactly like it”
The whole family were in the greatest conster-
nation, when all at once there came a thundering
knock at the door,
While this scene had been transpiring in their
room, one equally strange had been enacted ina
room close by, occupied by a sturdy bachelor of
forty, who likewise rejoiced in the name of Santx.
Having ordered’ his trunk brought up, he had
divested himself of dusty coat and boots, and was
very energetically exploring the depths of the
washbovwl, when the porter appeared with his load.
“Put it down there,” came in smothered tones
from behind the towel, and the porter obeyed.
Somewhat refreshed by his ablutions, the nice
old bachelor applied his key to his trunk, with a
pleasant recollection of clean linen; said a few
rough words when it didn’t come open very
easily, threw up the top with a jerk, pounced
upon something white, and shook out—no shirt at
all, but something very elaborately ruffled and
trimmed thst fairly made his hair stand up with
astonishment.
“Thunder !—women’s fixin’s in my trunk, I’d
sooner have black snakes in it. I do believe,” he
added, slowly turning over the things curiously,
“‘T do believe this is somebody else's trunk. Bah!
laces and ribbons and all sorts of filagree non-
sense, Curis, though; I should like to know how
the critters get these things on—hanged if I can
guess. I’ll bet now,” he exclaimed, starting up,
“some tarnal woman is mussing my trunk over
and grinning at the things.”
A vigorous jerk at the bell brought a waiter to
the door.
“Are there any other Swarms here, waiter.”
Waiter didn't know; he would find out; and
soon returned with the information that there
was 4 family of that name in the rooms close by.
Utterly forgetful of coat and boots, he strode to
the door pointed out, and startled the occupants
by a knock which conyinced them that the police
were on their track,
“T beg your pardon, ladies, he began, in great
confusion—when, seeing his trunk open and his
clothes scattered about, he bolted into the room,
gathered up the garments with one vigorous
sweep, seized the trunk and marched out again,
calling, as he entered his own door, “‘ Here, waiter,
come and take this confounded female trunk out
of my premises.”
There was no chance for a word of explavation
on either side—both parties seemed satisfied with
regaining their property unharmed. Manre was
soon arrayed in her dear, pink barege, whose
multitude of flounces seemed to have used up so
much of the material as to leave nothing for
sleeves, and very little for waist. Mrs, Sarrn’s
delicate complexion was set off by a fanciful head-
dress of blue and white, but Nancy insisted upon
wearing her traveling dress, and could not be
induced to change it, ‘ What is the use of taking
so much trouble,” she asked, ‘for people that you
neyer expect to see again? Jam sure I don't care
what they think of me, and if I did, they will like
me just ag well in this dress as any.
At the table they attracted sufficient attention
to satisfy even Manie, who giggled and simpered
in a most remarkable manner upon discovering
that she had for a near neighbor the nice old
bachelor Swirn. That gentleman, after giving
the whole family a sweeping inspection, and nearly
annihilating Mani by a scowl from under his
bushy eyebrows, threw a half nod at Nancy's good-
natured face, and then devoted his whole attention
to his supper.
In due time the party went on their way—
reached Saratoga in safety, where Maniz made a
tremendous sensation by wearing her ball dresses
at the table, and flirting desperately with a foreign
nobleman, who turned out to be one of the coach-
men at the next hotel. A. JACKSON was initiated
by a distinguished young friend of his into the
mysteries of a gambling s: from which he
issued quite late at night, m his money and
watch, and with no very distino leas of his own,
except that the streets were very crooked and the
lamp-posts blowing about oddly enough, and it
Yaguely occurred to him that something must be
drunk. Naxcr found some girls of her own age
whobad come toga a8 nurses to som
children, and ig that they were “the nicest
kind of girls,” made them her constant compan-
ions, and probably enjoyed herself more than any
other member of the family. 5
After a few weeks spent in this way, they were
all glad to return to Newton, and for the res) of
the season they were the ‘traveled monkeys” of
the place. “Our tower to Sarytogy” was an inex-
haustible theme for Mri Sara, upon which she
held forth at sewing societies, and on all possible
occasions,
Two or three years passed, and brought with
them no great changes to the Swiras. The pater-
nal head of the family subsided more and more
into 4 nonentity, and was only seen creeping
timidly about town with his hands clasped under
the skirts of his coat, or leaning over his fence of
& Sunshiny day, consoling himself with his pipe.
Mrs. Sarra’s red face changed gradually to a
mahogany brown, and her shrill voice acquired a
higher key, while Marie grew as pale and languid
as she ever aspired to become. A. Jackson was
emphatically a “fast young man,” and the wise
ones shook their heads prophetically as he dashed
by them; but Nancy, in spite of incessant scold-
ing from her mother, and ridicule from Manze,
bid fair to prove a valuable member of society,
from the force of her own good sense.
So they stood at the end of three yesrs, but
from that time signs of retrenchment began to
show themselves. Parties began to grow rare;
summer excursions were rarer, and after a while
the last servant was dismissed, because, as Mrs.
Suita very wisely said, the girls needed more
exercise, for they were getting to have “naryes,
and neurology, and she didn’t know what all.”
By and by they discovered that the house was too
large for them, it was so much trouble, to take:
care of it, and a part was rented to another family,
while the Ssuras modestly retired into the second
story.
Then Mrs, Sint got to having the “narves,”
and could not possibly bear the care and confusion
of her two youngest boys, who were accordingly
apprenticed to trades in the city, and, just to keep
her out of mischief, Susan, the youngest davghter,
was allowed to learn mantua-making in the yil-
lage.
remarked, and she had heard it was very genteel
to fit one’s own dresses.
The Sutras were going down, everybody said
so, but the Ssurus themselves resolutely shut
their eyes to the fact, and fancied, because their
own heads were in the bush, all their neighbors
were in the same condition.
One day a portly man, with a pocket full of
papers, arrived in Newton, knocked at the red
house on the hill, and had a brief conference with
the united head of the family. Before night it
was generally known that somebody, who held a
mortgage on the estate of the Swirns, had fore-
closed it, and the property was offered for sale.
Oddly enough, the old red house by the cross-
roads was just then vacant, and the tattered
remains of our aristocracy was fain to moye
thither. It was not too much to venture that
there were red eyes and tearful faces behind the
thick veils of the female Sarras, but Anpy was
fairly triumphant, He whistled as he trundled
boxes and bundles from one house to the other on
his wheelbarrow, and he actually chuckled with
delight as he brought out from a dusty corner of
the little shop, the old painted sign that had
swung over the heads of his customers so long—
“ Anprew Suara, Grocer.”
At this present day, a little old man in rusty
black smiles patronizingly upon the country folks
who frequent his shop, and draws a sigh of quiet
relief whenever he chances to pass the big red
house on the hill. His wife, once more Mrs.
Berry, keeps her small house quite tidy, and
manages now and then to do an extra washing or
ironing, by way of giving a neighbor a lift ina
busy time, but she cannot forget her former glory,
and still dwells upon it whenever she can finda
listener. Susan is our village milliner, and really
has a natural tact for flowers and ribbons, and
occasionally goes oft to dressmaking just to see
what the news is about town. Nawcy, after much
opposition, married a very respectable farmer,
and takes premiums at county fairs for unim-
peachable butter. A. Jackson has disappeared
from the stage of our observation, but there is a
theory among some of the old ladies that he was
gradually transformed into a monkey, Manie
still languishes, reads highly wrought novels,
copies sentimental verses, and is waiting impa-
tiently for the arrival of the hero whois to raise
her to the station in which nature intended her to
shine.
Our town of Newton is not peculiar in anything,
least of all in its inhabitants. There are Sauras
upon a larger or smaller scale in every little ham-
let of the country, and people who have watched
their ups and downs will recognize the truthful-
ness of my picture.
Do you want a moral from all this? Then
supply it to suit yourself. I haye read over all
that I have written, and do not see any in particu-
lar, unless it be given in the words of quaint old
Joux Boxyan:
‘“Tfe that is down, need fear no fall ;
He that {s low, no pride.”
+e ——_—_
Ispustry.—Toil is the price of sleep and appe-
tite, of health and enjoyment, The very necessity
which overcomes our natural sloth is a blessing.
The world does not contain a briar or thorn, that
divine mercy could haye spared. We are happier
with the sterility which we can overcome by in-
dustry, than we could be with the most spontane-
ous and unbounded profusion, The body and
mind are improved by the toil that fatigue them;
that toil is a thousand times rewarded by the plea-
sure it bestows. Its enjoyments are peculiar; no
wealth can purchase them, no ingolence touch
It would do her no hurt, her mother | |
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
BIBLICAL ENIGMA. —
T Aw composed of 54 Jettors,
‘My 42, 00,35, 46,42 wasagreatking.
My 52, 10, 7, 16, 2, 88, 38 is one of the books of the Ol
‘Testament,
My 86, 23, 46, 42, 1, 18 waa prophet in tho olden times,
My 18, 6, 52, 31, 19, 46 was also a pro)
My 8, 5, 16, » 84, 15 wae 4
‘My 27, 10, 28, 41,/4, 9, 48 16 Ta... New
‘Testament a oN
‘My 49, 27, 19, 14, 21, 3, 18 was kin, of Egypt “A
My 4, 41, 40, 52, 43 was one of then a f° yh
My 81, 59, 15, 51, 16, 44, 50, 24, 43, 12, 27 is a lake of pure
eweet water,
My 16, 15, 49, 15, 54, 25, 17, 53, 21s the most famous river
in Western Asia.
My 42, 46, 35, 83, 7,
ticed among the heathen. i
My 28, 86, 6, 51, 16, 47, 52, 84, 16 are called sons of
thunder. j
My 20, 11, 33, 45, 46, 51, 91 was probably taught men by
the inspiration of God.
My 22, 16, 88, 80, 10, 41, 42, 21, 22 Is @ term used to do- |
26, 40 3, 51 is an art much prac-
note past time,
My 28, 88, 7, 15, 3, 39 Js to clean grain by exposing it te
the wind. ‘
My 5, 82, 88, 28, 29, 17, #4 is money pald by tax,
‘My 80, 83, 17, 87, 88 was an eminent christian paige
My 12, 86, 51, 31, 48, 84 is that member by which we
articulate sounds.
My whole is one of the Proverbs of King Solomon.
‘Tipton, Ind., 1859, IW. Axreu.
27 Answer in two weeks. |
ILLUSTRATED REBUS, ie
{3 The Answer will be given in two weeks.
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
RIDDLE.
Taxe a cardinal virtue most blended with art,
What is near the left breast, a delicate part,
‘The qualification least famed among bees,
‘What Orpheus played on to animate trees,
What contained all the living within a small space,
With the fate that fs entatled upon all Adam’s race,
The bird that the Romans displayed on their arms,
With what moves the fastest, and as it moves warms,
What some fatr ones use when thelr beauty declines,
With a fruit much in use and gathered from vines,
‘The name that is most common for water congealed,
With the letter that is frst unto children revealed,
Now take the {nitial of each mentioned thing,
And to your view itcorrectly will bring
A large, modern city, of fame and renown,
An clegant, regular, beautiful town.
Honeoye Falls, N. Y., 1859.
(ee Answer in two weeks,
3.0, Ta.
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
ARITHMETICAL PROBLEM,
Requiep to fence in a certain square lot of ground
with a post and rail fence, each panel to be 11 feet in
length? How large mast this lot be to contain as many
acres as it requires panels to enclose it?
Allensville, Ind., 1859.
Ee Answer in two weeks,
U. H. Stow,
ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS, &., IN No, 512,
Answer to Miscellaneous Enigma: —Live.
Answer to Geographical Enigma :—The Green Moun-
tain Boys.
Answer to Poetical Problem :—Selfishness.
Answer to Mathematica} Problem :—2S feet and 1 7-41
inches,
Wuerx theorists and philosophers tread with
sublime assurance, woman often follows with
bleeding footsteps; women are always turning
from the abstract to the individual, and feeling,
when the philosophers only think.— rs. Stowe.
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
THE LARGEST CIRCULATED
Agricultural, Literary and Family Weekly,
IS PUBLISHED BYERY SATURDAY
BY D. D, T. MOORE, ROCHESTER, N. Y.
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{SINGLE NO. FOUR CENTS,
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VOL. X. NO. 47.}
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
‘AN ORIGINAL WEEELT
RURAL, LITERARY AND PAMILY NEW
2 CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE,
‘With an Able Corps of Assistant: 5
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dd estly labors to render the Rvnat an
af Seine Raa cle cat all the important Pragtical,
lentific and other Subjects intimately connected with the
‘Dusiness of those whose’ interests it zealously advocates. —
It embraces more Agricultural, Horticultural, Scientific,
Educational, Literary and News Matter, Jterspersed with
appropriate and beautiful Engrayings, than any other jour-
pal,—rendering {t the most complete Aanicuurunat, Lir-
fr All communications, and business letters, should be
addressed te D, D, T. MOORE, Rochester, N. Y.
For Tens and other particulars, see last page.
VALUE OF STRAW FOR FODDER,
aie a -
Ar least one autumn out of every four we hear
sad complaints of scarcity of fodder, ond of the
anxiety of farmers as to how they can manage to
get through the winter without suffering to their
cattle and loss to themselves. Almost every
farmer keeps as much stock, as, with his system
of culture, he can farnish with feed in a fair season.
When the hay crop fails, as it has done the present
year, great difficulty is experienced in providing
for the deficiency. Cornstalks is the first and
generally the most ayailable substitute, but these
are sometimes injured by early frosts, and when
these two evils come upon the same season, the
prospect for many is gloomy indeea. This is the
cose the present year—the cornstalks being in-
jured, overa large district, to at least one-half their
value, while the hay crop is deficient almost to
the same extent. Did our farmers grow from half
an acre to three or four acres of roots—carrots,
turnips, mangels, parsnips, or kohl-rabi—we
would not be so entirely dependent upon either
hay or cornstalks for fodder, and a short crop of
either, or both, would not leave us in such straiten-
ed circumstances. It is not our design, however,
to discuss this subject, which was well done by
“HT. B.” in our last issue, our purpose being to
bring to the notice of readers the value of straw for
fodder, and the opinions recently promulgated on
this subject by both practical and scientific men,
Doring the discussion at the late Fair of this
State, a gentleman of Erie stated that he had found
straw cut and steamed, and mixed with handful
of meal to give it a relish, of more value in keep-
ing stock than the same weight of Timothy hay,
This idea of steamed straw being more valuable
than good Timothy hay was rather startling, and
we do not think one in a score of those present
was prepared to endorse, or willing to believe such
a statement without further proof. Mr, Mecn,
however, the celebrated English farmer and experi-
menter, advances the same opinion, and urges its
trial upon the attention of farmers, declaring it to
be ‘‘a vital question for agriculture.” He consid-
ers that the present low estimate placed on straw,
arises from the fact that farmers do not understand
how to feed it, and unless properly prepared it is
not available as food, In all cases straw should
be cutand steamed, and in this condition he thinks
it is as good as the same weight in hay. In proof
of this he gives the result of some experiments he
hos made. In feeding ten Short-horn bullocks,
about thirty months old, he gave a steamed mix-
ture of 216 gallons of cut straw, 6 of rape cake, 8 of
malt combs and 6 of bran—moistened with 90 gals
lons of hot waterper day. Healso fed 300 pounds
of mangel wurtzel; the whole cost, not including
the straw and labor, is about one dollar per week.
The animals are in a fattening and growing condi-
tion, and advancing remuneratively, After feed-
ing they lie down contented, free from restless-
ness, He further says:—‘‘The whole question
may be anid to hinge upon the condition in which
the food is administered. It must be moist and
warm. Were I to give my bullocks the same
quantity of cut straw in adry state, they would
not eat one-half of it; and, besides, they would be
dissatistied, This I Know from ex-
4 Now, we will ascertain how far these statem 5
of practical men are sustained by the composi
ROCHESTER, N. ¥.—FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 1859,
straw as shown by, lyses. The following
lable we take from the Cyclopedia of Agriculture £
Average compositon of wheat strarc,
Alr-di
Dried at 212° P
. edt See
00 parts of wheat straw]
contaln :
MMrogenized substances, }
(muscle-producing sub's).
fobmances free (soluble in|
from nitrogen } potash
(heat and fat-
producing
Toatters, Insoluble;
100.00
Thus, it will be seen that 100 pounds of wheat
straw contain over 69 pounds of mnscle, heat and
fat producing matter, and 26 pounds of the remain-
ing 30 are water.
Dr. Lyon Puayrair, the Chemist of the English
Royal Agricultural Society, gives the following
table of the relative value of wheat straw, hay, and
several other kinds of food :
Composition of the principal articles used as food.
Dry Organ-\The Portions Subtract
ic Matter, ed as useless are
or Real
Food, Water. Ashes,
ms.of Wheatstraw, | ths, ths, tha,
contain..... + 79, 18 8
100 Ds, of linseed cake, 19 Ww 14%
* Peas, . 806 16 36
‘a 824 it BM
76 16 Ts
824 15% a
q cS) 9 3
: £ uu 5
i 79 18 3
q 7 3 1
a 10 a9 1
e 10 89 1
e 14 5 1
2 12 | 87 1
10 cS) 1
By this it will be seen that 100 pounds of wheat
straw contain more real food than 100 pounds of
hay, nearly as much as 100 pounds of bran, and
precisely the same as 100 pounds of oats, We do
not suppose that the experience of many of our
readers will agree with this scientific estimate of
the value of wheat straw, and we doubt if careful
experiment would prove it so in practice. But,
reducing the estimate one-half, and then 100 pounds
of straw is equal in value to 50 pounds of oats, or
50 pounds of wheat bran, for which many farmers
willingly pay the cash, while they waste tuns of
straw in yards and stables. But, who is prepared
to say that this estimate will not prove correct in
practice? Who has cut and steamed, or scalded
straw, and fed it with a little corn or oat meal, or
bran, and made even an attempt to ascertain its
value? Many, we have no doubt, have felt com-
pelled to sell a portion of their stock on account
of the scarcity of food, and to put the remainder
on short allowance, which all know to be a most
unprofitable practice, while they had straw enough,
if prepared in a manner suitable for stock to eat,
to keep all in a thriving condition.
In nearly all the English estimates of the value
of the wheat crop, which we have seen, the straw
is reckoned at $10 per ton. This may be consid-
ered o high estimate, with our present notions
and experience, but the gentleman of Erie County,
to whom we above referred, informed us that he
considered wheat straw worth that price, and that
by its use, in the last two years, he bad saved in
feeding over $500. This is the experience of an
American farmer. We hope our readers will not
only take care of their straw, this season, but
institute such experiments as will enable them to
form a reliable estimate of its true value for food.
—_—<—_—__.,_ =
HORACE GREELEY AT THE WYOMING FAIR,
Iw reading the discussions at the State Fair ina
late Rurav, Lam reminded of my intention to re-
view Mr. Horace Gneevey’s address at the Wyom-
ing Co. Fair, It was his first public appearance
afler his celebrated visit to Salt Lake, the “salted
claims,” and the salt border of our Western do-
main. We should expect him to be well seasoned,
as indeed he was, with facts and illustrations; but
T apprehend that neither the matter nor the man-
ner of his agricultural addresses explains the “im-
mense sensation’ which his announcement as a
speaker on such occasions creates, The early part
of the day was dreary, yet the mere chance of hear-
ing “Gneever” set all the plebion, and some of
the better vehicles of the county in motion at an
early hour, No body much expected he would be
there, which prevented many from coming, as it
was not known that he had returned from his
western trip. He arrived, however, in New York
the day previous, and came on at once to fill an
appointment made months before, without stop-
Ping to salute his New York friends—emphatic
testimony that promises are binding on lecturers!
He announced Vater as the subject of his dis-
course, treating it agriculturally and not in the
light of the “Maine Law.” While he did not
exactly endorse the complaint of the crusty Yan-
kee who thought water, “take one year with an
other, did ebout as much hurt as good,’ he showed
{WHOLE NO. 515.
great leanings to that side of the question in his
advocacy of extreme measures for draining it out
of the land. His srguments and illustrations
under this head the public are acquainted with.
I cheerfully concede, ay, I insist, that every
farmer should baye a garden, an orchard anda
corn field made dry by ditching, if needs be, but I
protest against the wholesale advocacy of draining
which of late forms the staple of most of our
agricultural addresses and essays, Mr. Greeiey
stated the annual fall of rain at from ¢hree to five
feet; he had witnessed great damage from the
washing away of the banks of streams and the
best part of the soil from the hill-sides. ‘No
man” said he, “‘can afford to let his fertilizers go
off in the rivers, and you must guard against this
sopping out of the life-blood of the land, Plow
deep and your soil will not wash. I plowed my
steep hill-sides in Westchester Co., so deep that
nothing had washed off from them. The first step
in good agriculture is deep plowing. Two thou-
sand years ago men took a sharp stick and tried to
plow with ib by jabbing it into the ground.—
Within this century iron plows haye been intro-
duced, Six inches depth of plowing may do for
England with her moist atmosphere, but eighteen
inches is none too much for our climate, In
Belgium they plow deeper than in any other coun-
try, and with decided advantage. Keep plowing
deeper till you get deep enough, if you have to go
twenty-four inches. The soil would then defy all
drouth. This is the cheapest way of getting
more land, Itis better than ever so many acres
in anew country, Thora will be less distance to
send the children to selol, Our farmers act as
though they owned only six inches deep, instead
of to the centre of the earth.’ * * * “Ameri-
can implements are better than all others —
We know how to make the least possible amount
of weight in an implement and yet give it all
needful strength.
“T went to see a farm in California which had
been plowed three times, on which corn was raised
without a boe ever haying been puttoit. Every
other crop was grown in the same way, without
any weeds, We haven't yet begun to see what
virtue there is in plow-handles,
“Tn the way of fertilizers, snow plowed under
in April is good for the soil, Drain this land on
which we stand four feet, and plow three feet and
you would get more and better crops than if cul-
tivated in the usual way.” [Mr. Gneruey stated
that he had three miles of defective tile drain on
his farm; he now understood what to avoid in the
way of draining.) “Get the best fertilizers —
Gypsum is among the best. All fertilizers are
resistants todrouth. Old leached ashes are cheap,
if one busbel of corn will buy two bushels
of ashes. Salt is also good. These fertilizers are
thrown away upon swamp land. Raise corn and
roots to use in case of a short crop of grass. To
make it pay to raise corn, you must get near sixty
bushels to the acre, Small farms are better than
large ones.
“Begin early to teach agriculture to your chil-
dren; the first school book-should be a work on
agriculture. Now, our children grow up and run
away because they are not interested in the subject
which they should make the object of their lives’
study.”
Mr. Gneevey closed with the following very
timely advice to young men:—Haying recently
passed over a great extent of wild land at the
west, I say to you;—Get your land soon and keep
it. There is not so much untaken land as many
suppose. Don’t range and wander over the whole
face of the earth. Choose your location where you
will, and stick to it — make it a permanent home.
Get good, cheerful, and virtuous wife, and lead
a steady, useful life. Don’t be a filibuster, roy-
ing over the land, but an industrious American
Citizen.”
These were the main points in Mr. Gneexey’s
address, I understood him to recommend top-
dressing of grass land as & substitute for plowing.
This may do on some soils, but I think the occa-
sional turning under of turf is one of the most
successful and cheap methods of enriching land.
Tam much in favor of deep plowing, but am not
as confident as Mr. Gnegvey was that it would in
all cases prevent the soil of side-hills from washing
away, unless, forsooth, we should plow (which I
did not exactly understand Mr. Greevey to re-
commend,) some of our hard-pan three rods in-
stead of “three feet” deep. The theory of
“washing” I suppose to be this:—When the
soil fills with water, or is very compact, so that
it will no longer absorb what falls, if the surface
is inclined the water runs off, taking the lighter
portions of the soil with it. Underdraining and
deep plowing enables the water to pass down
instead of running off on the surface, and, though
greatly serviceable, are not always quite effectual.
I know some men that would like to swap “two
bushels of leached ashes for one of corn,”
A few words upon Mr. Gnesvey, himself, may
be excused. “The philosopher of the Tribune”
is one of the problems of the age. The secret of
his power over the masses is worth finding out,—
Many people have been as negligent of dress, as
Gudacious in their opinions, as profound, and as
peculiar, without being able to perform the
greatest of human achievements, that of holding
@ large audience in breathless attention during
the delivery of a long discourse in a prosy manner,
on a prosy subject, unenlivened with wit, unsea-
soned with humor, unaided by new facts, theories,
or assumptions. He brought his popularity with
him.
A lecturer on miscellaneous subjects, a leader in
4 great party, the head of a prominent press, he
must necessarily be an object of interest anda
man of influence; but when it is recollected that
his “million readers’’ are the ardent, the active,
the speculative, the inquiring, the hopeful, the
proselyting, the agitating classes, it is seen that
their leader is doing more to control the destiny
of the world than any man living. Has he attain-
ed to this position by the force of talent?—men of
equal ability are not uncommon. Did he turn up
by accident, like Taynor or Potk ?— every inch of
his progress was in the face of difficulties, He is
laborious, husbands his strength, and applies it
with a purpose—a good beginning always. He
is a philosopher, studies cause and effect, and has
a wide range of vision, He is sorry for the poor
seamstress — sympathy and talent hard at work, is
power always; but it rained when Wyoming
county disgorged her thousands to “‘/iear Greeley,”
so the solution isn’t arrived at yet. Mr, Gresvey
listens to projectors in art, mechanics, philan-
thropy, social science, religion, and politics ;—this
makes him friends, but if he can’t go all lengths,
or if he does, enémnies also! ‘'Phis is a gain, how-
ever, ina race for notoriety, valueless in itself,
but capable of being turned to good account ;—
three enemies will sometimes do more for a man's
celebrity than five friends. Still, Mr. Gree.ey’s
is not accounted for, His great mental and moral
peculiarity seems to be this: while he has the
enthusiasm, the heroism, the intensity, the mental
and moral activity and power, which comes from
looking at things in the light of jirst principles,
(rather than conyentional usage,) he also possess-
es what is very seldom found in combination, a
worldly expediency that makes him “fight and run
away, that he may live to fight another day.””
The history of ‘‘reforms and isms” will show
that Mr. Grestey in no one of the “agitations”
has been the originator or even the most promi-
nent actor; but while his coadjutors have staked
all upon the result, and retired from the contest
crowned with laurels or overwhelmed by disaster
and defeat, Ae, active as ever, still fulminates his
anathemas from the Tribune against the enemies
of ‘free speech and free labor.” Like Tammany
Hall, he seZects the issues he would like to try. He
feels the popular pulse as scientifically as Dr,
Weep or Dr. Croswett in the palmiest days of
their practice. He treads on dangerous ground,
“Practical” politics is a dirty pool, and if Mr.
Gneevey can dabble there without getting muddy,
he is ‘the first of his line’— probably the last,
EXPERIENCE IN BUILDING,
Mr. Moore: — Having just completed a farm
household, and is thought to be commodious
comfortable by others, I have thought it might be
a benefit to some of your readers who may contem-
plate building if I should relate my experience.
And here I cannot but think what a fine medium
your beautiful paper is for the interchange of
thought. How low the commission, how triflin,
the expense for such a fund of experiment
knowledge fresh from the business ofevery-day life!
“May building take you,” was the wish of a
man to his worst enemy. No greater calamity,
he thought, could overtake him. “Fools build
houses and wise men live in them.” Well, build-
ing took me, and with the above anathema fresh in
my mind, I determined that I would build for
myself alone. As my means were limited, the
point was, to take time enough in order to modify
the expense as much as possible by my own labor.
I therefore determined to be three years in build-
ing, and that I should have the workmen at such
times as were most convenient for myself and man
to assist them with the least injury to my business
as a farmer and teacher. Between the close of
school in the spring and the commencement of
farm work, I drew the stone and other material
for the foundation, and also considerable of the
lumber, After spring work, I moved into a
temporary abode, pulled the old house down, and
erected the cellar and walls ready for the sills.
These I covered till after haying, when the car-
penters came. When they arrived, myself and
man, (a Yankee, handy with tools,) labored with
them, doing the coarse work, such as scoring,
shingling, sheeting, planing, &c, When the house
was finished outside and two rooms ready for lath-
ing, I turned the carpenters adrift, performed the
lathing, had them plastered, moved in and closed
up for the winter. In spring, after my school was
out, I employed a first rate joiner, and working
with him I completed the lower part of my house
before spring work commenced,—having the plas-
tering and painting done when I could most
conveniently assist during the season. The past
spring I worked with a joiner and got the upper
part of my house ready for lathing, which myself
and man performed wet days during the summer,
and this fall the mason and painter, with my
assistance, have finished the house,
house which suits the presiding genius vad °
It is now just three years and a half since I took
the first step in building. The expense through-
out has been greatly modified by my own labor.
My house is thirty-six feet long and twenty-six
feet wide—such a proportion dividing up to the
best advantage— giving large front rooms and
good sizable bed-rooms in rear. In front there is
a sitting-room and parlor of equal size. Between
them the entry and stairs to chamber, In a house
of this proportion the stairs are not winding but
straight, the latter being not only the cheapest but
the most scriptural. In rear of parlor is the par-
lor bed-room. Next to that a small clothes press,
then a large family bed-room, with the work-room
adjoining. The work-room contains a sink on one
side, shelves on two sides, with drawers and cup-
Some of his friends think they see in his repri-
mands of Gerrir Sairs, who is always ready to
‘dio in the cause,” evidence that the politician is
getting the better of the reformer; certain it is
that whoever underyalues “uncompromising and
impracticable” adherence to convictions, knows
not what material the world’s teachers and
martyrs are made of, Whatever Mr. Greever’s
future may be—whether, in the war of moral
elements, his enthusiasm shall lead him to a sub-
limity of self-sacrifice that will quicken the hero-
ism of distant centuries, or his adroitness make
him the dispenser of the city sweepings, he isa
historical character, at once exerting a marked in-
fluence upon philosopby and fact,
Ihave appended this criticism to matter designed
for the Agricultural department of the Rurav
New-Yorxer, and to forestall objections will add
that as Mr. Greevey has been called an “cass” it
is meet that I should here examine his “points”
to see whether the classification is just.—u. 7. 0.
ee Eee
Wouree Men ane Raisen,—The “Rural Districts”
not only feed the nation, but produce nine-tenths of the
most useful, enterprising and successful Mzw of the
country, In his address at the recent Mich. State Fair,
Goy, Banxs pertinently asked and truthfully answered
& question on this point, as follows :—* Whence come
the recuperating vitality, Intellect und learning, that in
each generation give now life to the quick-moving,
reatless and prosperous town and elty population? Do
lawyers, divines, deacons, merchants, mechanics, edi-
tors, philosophers and fops reproduce themselves?
Never! it is from the farm that society reproduces
Alself; it fs from the original sources of pepulation and
power, the cultivators of the soll, that advancing, recu-
perative, christian civilization seeks and finds new
agents who work out her newer and nobler destinies,”
boards underneath for spices, bread, &c., besides
recesses for flour and meal barrels. In addition
there is in the sitting-room a large cupboard for
dishes, extending back to the stairs, with door
same size as the others in the room. In rear of
work-room is the wood-shed, which is floored, so
that a portion is used for the stove in summer,
besides a corner for unusual kitchen work during
the year, Just out of the wood-shed is the water,
which is brought to, but not in the house in pipe,
so there is but a step to both wood and water.
With the exception of the wood-shed all is under
one roof. There are no outside works of any kind.
—no porticos or piazzas. All is plain and paid
for. The last is not the least important ornament
about a house to my mind—for internal satisfuction
is better than outside show. My first design was
to have a piazza in front, (for I am not insensible
to that which pleases the eye,) and the carpenter
teased me hard, of course, and I should have had
it but for a story I read of one boy boasting to his
companions that bis father’s house had a cupola;
“and,” said he, “we are to have a mortgage on it,
too, for I heard him telling so last night.” My
house fronts the road, s0 that ourselves and
visitors can see who is passing, and we can be
found without half & day’s search by strangers or
others.
The upper part of the house divides to as good
advantage as that below. There are four large
sleeping apartments wbove, besides a recess, &
clothes press, and 4 large and comfortable room
which I have appropriated to myself for a study.
The house is nine feet between floors, and is built
in the most substantial manner. The outside is
sheeted and clapboarded, and within lathed and —
plastered between the studs, so that there are four
le
¢ a ng
Nw a a or
*
thicknesses, which render jtimperriousitallrost—
It is with pleasure I look back upon the severe
exertions of three years, for the ae aan
built without pecuni istress, or tresp:
the least a ne Sided asiness. I feel grate-
4 ful to Providence for sings of health, and
that He gave me isdom to profit by the
\ kindly suggestions and experience of those older
than myself, The chief value of a paper, to my
| mind, is that we get through its columns the
oggregate experience of men in every condition
of Ife. It is this wish to contribute my mite,
rather than apy ambition to display my building
capacity, which prompts this article. If any who
contemplate building sballin the least be benefited
by my experience, I shall feel that I am fully com-
| pensated. To young men just commencing life,
i I would say, build for yourselves. Take time.
| Rome was not built in a day—neither should a
| house be, a. K. F.
4 Cambridge Valley, N. Y¥., 1859.
ee
POTATOES: SHALLOW OR DEEP PLANTING?
———
Eps. Runat New-Yorker:—Some “‘us have
fallen into a habit of planting potatoes very near
thetopoftheground. Therecent freezing weather
coming, when perhaps the bulk of the potato crop
was yet ungathered, and taking hold with dam-
aging effect of such exposed specimens as it could
reach, presents, in itself, a very plain and convin-
cing argument against the policy of providing a
Toot 80 sensitive to frost with only a light cover-
ing of earth. Itis true that frosts of the severity
of those we have experienced this October are
quite the exception at this season of the year, yet
there is always danger that either from bad weather
or the press of other business, or both, the potato
Laratall remain unfinished till bard frosts have
actually come; and so, a portion, at least, of the
crop be secured in an injured condition, Many
persons believe that if left in the ground and un-
touched by frost, potatoes continue growing till
late in the fall, long after the tops are dead; and
with such, of course, considerations of profit will
unite with other reasons to put off the gather-
ing of this root till the latest practicable season,
or until the occurrence of a sharp freeze gives
warning that the case admits of no further delays.
When a loss, plainly traceable to any particular
mode of culture occurs, it is natural for the losers,
contemplating the calamity, to think of other ob-
jections to which that method or system is open,
besides the one arising out of the cause of their
present ill luck, and also to consider the advan-
tages belonging to a different plan of cultivation.
Without knowing what superiority the advocates
of shallow planting claim for that practice, let us
state what appear to us some of the objections
that may reasonably be made to it, and that go to
recommend &n opposite management.
Potatoes growing but little way under ground,
though they have the benefit of a greater number
of showers, during an ordinary summer, than
deeper-planted ones, are yet sure to suffer much
more severely from continued dry weather, such
as we always expect at intervals through the
growing season. The question is, whether the
moisture at the depth below the surface at which
potatoes used to be planted is not sufficient to
make them so independent of rains as to overbal-
ance the advantage of more frequent wettings
from moderate showers, with the attendant draw-
back of exposure to intenser heat,
An effect of shallow planting is plainly visible
in the inferior quality of potatoes. When the
seed has but a thin covering of earth, it is very
common for the growing tubers to push above
ground; and, on cooking these specimens, the ex-
posed part shows a greenish look accompanied by
a bitter taste, both greenness and bitterness sup-
posed to be caused by sun-burn. The inclination
to bitterness of flavor is seen also in the better
covered roots; they lack the sweetness of taste be-
longing to those growing deep in the ground.
Judging from not very extensive observation, I
should say that shallow planting is not favorable
to a large yield of potatoes. Certainly, there is a
great difference in the habits of the growth of po-
tatoes planted near the surface, from those buried
deeper. The latter will be found lying close to-
gether in a heap, like eggs in a nest; the former
Hl are scattered about, many of them further from
| the center of the hill than one unacquainted with
their power of roving would think of looking for
| them. Whether this rambling habit of growth
i causes a portion of the roots to be overlooked in
gathering, or whether the practice of growing po-
tatoes with very little dirt over them is unfayor-
able to their attaining their greatest size, both
which suppositions I suspect are true, I am ready
to believe that more and better potatoes are ob-
tained from the same varicties by deep than by
shallow planting. re
South Livonia, N. ¥., 1859,
Rewargs.—Some varieties of potatoes it is al-
most impossible to keep below the surface, if they
are planted ever so deep, while others will not
show themselyes above ground if they are merely
covered with earth, Some varieties, too, ramble
overs large territory, making digging slow and
f tedious, while in others the tubers lay close to-
) gether, “like eggs in anest.” This depends more
i
|
{
upon the habit of the potato than upon the manner
of planting. All extensive potato growers know
‘efi, and a rambling habit is always considered an
| objection to any variety, —
io ____
POTATO EXPERIMENTS,
:
i Eps. -Runxi Ngw-Yorxen:—When gathering
potatoes—Prince Ay herts and Dovers—in the
} Gutumn of 1858 there ws among the former a
fy Small oneof such perfect shay, that I was induced
| to preserve it for no other reason, ‘It would puz-
- Ns zie a skillful artist to turn out » por. 8Ymmetrical
ip form. Early in the spring of the cny,"ent year,
@ «April, it was weighed and plonted, The weight
el ows twenty-eight grains. The mancre applied
Was a.¢mall quantity of guano and crusted bones,
4 bucketof suds from the weekly Washing, being
thrown over the vines thre es during the
Season. The haulm did not'show signs of decay
Ul the first of October, when'they were taken up.
The result was twelve potatoes, suitable for tho
MOORE'S
table, weighing three and a half pounds, also,
eleven potatoes weighing one pound, too small for
other purposes than to feed the pigs. Tbe haulm,
or vines, was large, bushy and full five feet long,
weighing four pounds; in its vigorous state with
leaves expanded, the weight could not have been.
less than balf as much more, say six pounds.
Here were ten pounds of vegetable product from
twenty-eight grains—o pound avoirdupois con-
tains seven thousand grains—exactly two thou-
sand five hundred for one, A Dover potato still
smaller than the above, planted at the same time
and cultivated in precisely the same manner, pro-
duced six potatoes all sufficiently large for the
table, weighing two pounds,
Perhaps we here have a couple of hints thatmay
be useful in domestic economy; first, that the
Dover is, relatively, a3 I think it will be found by
‘doings. Fewcrops yield so well
experience, actually, the best potato. Second,
that potatoes, if we would have the full value of
our money when we buy them, should be sold by
weight, not measure. There is another inference
which I think can be drawn from this experiment
and tbat is, that the nourishment, whatever is,
that forms and perfects the plants, is drawn—net
from the soil, but the atmosphere.
You have sometimes combated the notion
which persons entertain, that potatoes may mix
in the hill—a doctrine taught by Conpsrr in his
Book on Gardening. Connerr was undoubtedly an
industrious man, but a very unreliable person to
follow, either in morals, politics, or physics;—as
far as principle went, he was very shallow in all
ofthem. Some time since I saw in some paper, a
statement that the Northern Peach Blow was pro-
duced by binding tightly together the halves of
two separate and very different varieties of
potatoes. InthisI had no faith, Last Spring I
bound together Dover and Dayis’ Seedlings,
Mercers and Prince Alberts—and in both cases
the two first grew distinct as if planted separate-
ly, rods apart. In the case of the Mercers and
Prince Alberts, I was, however, very much dis-
appointed. The former were numerous, but all
were very badly diseased ; of the latter there was
but a single tuber, which, though sound, was
shriveled to one-third or one-fourth the size of
the parent, and was covered with small scales, not
unlike a fish; the epidermis, (if a potato has
such an organ) was cracked, and the corners
rolled up in a manner quite novel to me. It
would seem that the two varieties are not com-
patible with each other—that, somehow, the influ-
ence of the Mercer upon the Prince Albert was
deleterious, and prevented its proper development.
Whenever I have cultivated these two varieties
properly, I have never failed of a satisfactory
crop, though I consider the Prince Albert nota
desirable potato for the table. Perhaps an
inquiry may be suggested by the above fact—
whether the reason for deterioration of crops,
both as regards quality and quantity, may not be
found in the fact that the soil is impure?
Norwich, Conn., 1859.
+e. _____
APPLYING MANURE TO GRASS LANDS.
0. W.
Eps. Runau New-Yorken:—I was much inter-
ested by the evening discussions at the State Fair,
as reported in the Rumat, and for one, wish they
might be continued through your pages. I ama
farmer, and I hope not too old to learn, and know
of no more reliable source of information than the | __
opinions of practical farmers, based on their
experience,
I would like to know how to apply manure so as
to get the most lasting benefit on grass lands.—
Will some of my brother farmers please give us
their opinion through the Runar? My method
has been to manure sward in the spring with fresh
stable manure, and plow under to the depth of six
or seven inches and plant or sow. At the next
plowing, plow eight or ten inches deep, thus leay-
ing the rotted sod and manure a little below the
surface. Sow grain of some kind and stock down
with a mixture of clover and timothy, about half
abushel to the acre. Soil is sandy loam, with
very retentive subsoil. By this method I get good |
grass for four or five years, after which I repeat.
This certainly increases the fertility of the soil,
but perhaps not as rapidly as a better way. The
better way is what I am looking for.—O. D, Hix,
Jefferson Oo., N. ¥., 1859.
+e.
SMUT IN WHEAT—EXPERIMENT,
Ens. Ruran New-Yorxen:—I ama farmer, and
reside in a neighborhood where large quantities
of spring wheat are raised, which is frequently so
affected with smut as to deteriorate its value; con-
sequently the question frequently arises, what is
the cause, and the preventive of smut wheat? In
order to answer that question, I tried the follow-
ing experiment, which is only one of many that I
am or have been engaged in:
I prepared the plots of ground exactly alike,
and sowed them the same time. No. 1 was sowed
with smut wheat, entirely, No. 2, with wheat
that had been bruised ; (having read that that was
the cause of smut wheat.) It included all condi-
tions of bruised wheat, from a ground kernel to a
perfect one, No, 3 was sowed with wheat that had
been rolled in smut until the kernels were all
black with it. The kind of wheat used was
Canada Club. The result was, that the smut
wheat (No, 1,) did not grow. No. 2 produced few
stalks; but no smut. No, 8 produced one-half
smut wheat,
Farmers should experiment,
South Onondaga, N. Y., Noy. 1959,
a
Large Yield of Carrots.
A connesronvent of the New England Farmer,
writing from South Danvers, says:—“ Mr. B, fl,
one of the most successful cultivators in this town,
informed me that he had gathered six tuns of as
handsome carrots as he ever saw from 37 square
rods of land. This would be about one tun to six
square rods, or 27 tuns to an acre. The price of
carrots at this time is $8 per tun, consequently
the produce of an acre would amount to 8 times
27, oF $216 per acre, Considering that carrots are
nof an exhausting crop, I look a3 good
—cold
7
A. M. Wuire.
as it has been.”
THE LATE DAVID poOMany
_ Davin Tuomas died at Union Springs, Cayuga
Co,, Nov. 5th, at the ripe age of 84 years, a mem-
ber of the Society of Orthodox Friends. He came
from Pennsylvania to the early settlement of Scipio,
Cayuga Co., N. Y., and being a civil eer, be
was employed more as a surveyor than in the la-
bors of his farm; yet such was his passion for
Horticulture, Pomofogy and Floriculture—being an
accomplished botanist—that his domain at Great-
field, two miles eastof Aurora, was soon celebrated
for its fine fruits and beautiful flowers. He was
one of the first contributors to the Agricultural
Press of the State, and the young Genesee Iurmer
was often graced and enlivened by articles, on the
the proper culture of fruits and flowers, from his
practical pen. .
De Wirr Crrxtox, who, in pursuing his canal
policy, was always sure to find out the best men
in every county, to aid him in his great work, soon
made the acquaintance of Davip Tuostas, when he
immediately appointed him Chief Eogineer of the
Western Division of the Erie, and the Cayuga and
Seneca Canals, The writer of this notice after-
wards heard Goy, Oxinton say that Tuomas only
lacked impudence to pass for a much greater man
than a certain Professor he then named. But with
his habitual modesty, and polite deference to the
opinions of others, no man was more firm and de-
cided when he knew he was right; and to this
trait in his character the great city of Buffalo is
somewhat indebted for its present commercial po-
sition. When Tuomas was surveying the Canal
and harbor location at Black Rock, aod Buffalo
creek, Gen. Peter B. Porter beset him with all
his great tact and influence to muke the barbor at
Black Rock instead of at Buffulo creek. But, not
being able to convince THomas, he commenced a
newspaper war against him, criticising his en-
gineering severely. Tuomas, in his final reply to
these attacks, says :— I now submit the question
to the elements, and if Boffulo harbor becomes a
failure, I shall then, but not till then, confess my
error.” But he lived to see the fruition of his la-
bors. Buffalo Creek is now a great Lake Harbor,
crowded with steam and sail vessels of the largest
class, while Bluck Rock habor is little more than
an adjunct to canal navigation.
Tuomas, while Canal Engineer, built a new
house on his farm with av observatory on top
overlooking the broadest expanse of the Cayuga;
here on shelves were numerous Geological speci-
mens he had himself collected. His ornamental
and fruit trees were now increased, his flower gar-
den extended, and its beautiful specimens greatly
augmented. But as age and infirmity crept on, he
became more and more dependent on costly mer-
cenary help, and rather than see his beautiful
flowers run wild, and his fruit trees a prey to in-
sects, he sold the beautiful domain and retired to
a comfortable cottage near the sparkling lake
waters at Union Springs. Here, as his physical
infirmities increased, his mind and memory par-
tially gave way; yet Providence dealt kindly with
bim, for he might often be seen on a genial sum-
mer’s day among the flowers of his now narrow
border, or the evergreens in his door-yard, enjoy-
ing their fragrance and beauty; a comfort kindly
youchsafed to compensate us for the privations
and infirmities of age. 8. Ww.
Inguiries and Answers.
Best Treatise on Diseases or Donest1o ANIMALS,
—Will you please inform me through your valuable
paper, what is the best work on the management, dis-
eases, and treatment of domestic animals, where it can
be obtained, and price ?—A Sunsoniwex, Coventry, N.
Y. 1859.
We are not aware of any single work that
would cover the field spread out by “ Subscriber.”
Writers have generally made a specialty of some
one department—each, if we may so speak, having
his peculiar hobby. The “Modern Morse Doctor,”
by Dr. Dapp; “ Youatt on the Horse,” by Wm.
Youarr, and “ Hints to Horse-Keepers,” by Henny
Wirx1Am Hernent, are all worthy of a prominent
position in the farmer's library. The price of the
first named is $1,00; of the others $1,25, “ Youatt
on Cattle,” ($1,25,) and “Zhe American Cattle
Doctor,” ($1,00,) by Dr. Dapp, treat more par-
ticularly of horned stock. The ‘ American
Shepherd,” ($1,00,) by L, A. Mornett, and “ Zhe
Shepherd's Own Book,” ($1,25,) by Youvatr,
Sainver, and Ranpaxz, treat of the history,
management, and diseases of Sheep. ‘Sub-
scriber,” can procure apy of these volumes by
application to C, M. Saxton, Barker & Co., New
York, or at the office of the Runa New-Yonrxer.
Fitunvustentne AMoxa Tor Bers.—Will any of the
readers or correspondents of the Runa New-Yorker
be kind enough to inform me and the public how to
prevent bees robbing their neighbors’ colonies, and
what effect (if any,) will it have upon the victors?
Some persons allege that oyen the conquerors will not
prosper in their ill-gotten gains, often quarreling among
themselves over the spoils, One query further, While
spoaking of bees, is it a rare or common occurrence for
bees to swarm as late as the 26th of September? This
swarm did no work, or attempted 80 to do, as far as I
could discover, remaining in the hive where they were
put, until they all perished in about one week, the
queen being the last survivor.—H. B. H., North Rush,
N. Y., 1859,
Bees are most disposed to rob early in the
spring, before the flowers are open, and the weak
Swarms are the sufferers, though where the bee-
keeper attempts to feed his bees by placing sweets
outside of the hive at any season, itinvitesthenotice
of the bees of neighboring colonies, and an attack
on the hive is apt to follow. The effect of this is
not only disastrous to those that are robbed, but de-
moralizing to the robbers, as after having once had
a taste of stolen sweets, they do not cheerfully
return to the habits of honest industry, The only
Preventives against robbing is to keep the colonies
strong, able to defend themselves, and not to
tempt the robbers by exposing the honey or sweets
of any kind around the hive. Very late swarms
4re never profitable, seldom worth wintering over,
Tn some cases two or more late swarms may be
united, and make a good colony. From your
peat should judge that the colony left
the old hive disheartened, from the ravages of the
bee-moth, or some other enuse. . ‘
RAL NEW-YOREER,
s **
Rural Spirit of
the Press.
Importance of Shelter for Stock. ri
Tur Country Gentleman calls attention to ai
error of not unfrequent occurrence among farmers
1n the early stages of futtening, which should be
avoided by all who care for the reputation of judi-
cious farmers or the profits of economical ones, It
is the practice of allowing creatures to depend
mainly on pasturing after the last of September or
the first of October, and to sleep out in the field,
after that time of the year, Both of these prac-
tices, except in years uncommonly warm in a
tump, tend to rob cattle of fat and to lower their
condition, The nutritive qualities of grass ore
materially lessened after frosts, and when an ani-
mal suffers from cold, as must usually be the case
in sleeping in the open field in October, Nature
bas provided a partial relief by consuming por-
tions of the fat, which the animal may have already
stored, in the creation of additional supplies of
heat. In aword, it seems forgotten by some, that,
without something additional to grass after frosts,
and without sbelter in chilly nights, cattle will
lose in condition and quantity of fat; and that this
is the opposite of economy, as it is much easier to
keep on fat than to put it on. True economy and
judicious management require early stabling dur-
ing nights, and something in addition to grass
after frost.
To Make Good Butter.
Aunt Ruopa, in the New England Farmer,
says:—Skim the milk as soon as it sours, and
before it thickens, if possible; stir the cream faith-
fully, especially when new is added. Set the jar
1p & cool place; if the cellar is not cold aud sweet,
set it in the spring or hang it in the well—any
way to keep itcool. After the last cream is added
before churning, then ‘go a visiting’ if you please,
as cream should not be churned the day it is taken
off. At night fall, fill the churn with coid water,
and start the churning at early dawn, and my
word for it, you will soon find a solid mass of
golden-colored butter, free from white specks, and
when properly salted and packed, fit for anybody's
table. Afier the buttermilk starts pour in cold
water, a little ata time, turning the crank slowly
and carefully back and forth; this prevents the
butter from closing too rapidly, does not break
the grains, and gives every particle of the cream
a chance to form into butter,
Cutting eed.
Tus New Jersey Farmer illustrates the eco.
my of cutting feed for cattle in a few words:
a farmer has no fodder to be disposed of, except
five, ‘merchantable hay,” there will be little need
of cutting it, But most persons have corn stalks,
hay and straw a little damaged, which, if fed out
unprepared, would be much wasted. Now a care-
ful farmer would run this through a straw-cutter,
then mix with a little meal and moisten, and it
will be a vastly more palatable dish, little or none
will be wasted, and what is eaten will be well
digested. Our good housewives hash up odds and
ends of meat, to saye them, and to make them
more acceptable to their families,—why should
not the same principle of economy rule in the
farmer's barn?
Agrioultural Miscellany.
Our Market Reporta.—A friend who is famillar
with the subjeot, and a close observer of the reports in
several agricultural and other prominent journals,
epeaks in very complimentary terms of the accuracy
and quantity of Market Reports given in the Runa,
ayerring that they are far superior to those of its imme-
diate contemporaries, He thinks we ought to tell our
readers of this superiority —especlally as other agri-
cultural journals (including monthlies whose reports
are, necessarily, almost useless,) make considerable
ado in Prospectuses, &c., about thelr market intelli-
gence, yet give little of value,—but we have no dispo-
sition to boast in the premises, It is sufficient for ua to
know that many of our readers appreciate this impor-
tant feature of the Rugat, as frequent letlers attest,
and baye no doubt that all discriminating persons will
come to a proper conclusion, without any laudatory
remarks on our part, either in the paper, bills or
prospectuses,
Tne ‘‘Proresson” or Tegna-Cuitore.— We have
lately received several letters from Western Pa, speak-
ing in no very complimentary terms of the operations
of this charlatan, and telling us how he “ pitched into”
the Rusay New-Yorker and its Editor. We beg our
friends to glye themselves no uneasiness on our account,
The “ Professor,” as we have proved, is the father of
liars, and all we ask of bim is that he will not speak
wellofus! Aas to publishing the articles against him
and his theory, we consider it unnecessary after what
we have given inthis and former volumes. And, be-
side, we observe that the Pittsburg papers and their
correspondents, (especially Gen. Nrouey,) are after the
Professor” with a sharp slick—have indeed driven
him from the State, for we learn that be has just ap-
peared in Connecticut. We commend him to the kind
and critical attention of our friends of The Homestead,
A letier just recolyed from an Sntelligent correspondent
says:— Verily, Comstock bas more )ives than a cat!
He is certainly entitled to the merit (1?) of being able
to live and thrive longer on humbug than even Bannum
himself, Even tho astute N. ¥. Evening Post pub-
lishes a puff from one of bis dupes,” Vivelu Humbug
Unirep States Ac, Society.—The N, Y. Tribune of
the 12th, says:—The Secretary of this Boolety {s in
the clty for the pnrpose of meeting members of the
Executive Committee to settle the contested awards at
the late Chicago Fair. The annual business meeting
will be held, as usual, at Washington, in January, and
we earnestly hope that the report of the Treasurer will
show how the $180,000 recelyed from the public since
1852, bas boen disposed of. We wish to sec how far
the Soclety has been bled by local officials in the several
cllies, and who of the regular officers have, while pre-
tonding philanthropy, managed to be well pald for their
services, If wo do not greatly mistake the augurles, a
thorough reform will result from the next annual
meeting,”
Anotien AonwountoraL Proressonsme Expowep,—
A Soutvern paper states that Hon, OL1ver J, Monoan,
of Carroll parish, La., has presented to Bishop Pour,
of Lonisiana, the sum of forty thousand dollars, as the
-—A recent letter talks to
lease fod enh rt
vn
usin this wi
the advertisoment enclosed. 1
and more ie par for It If not ,
two, write me the balance due, and 1
Bk $9) would pay for three [iasertio
‘bat you charge bigher.”—Yes, Sir,
bigber,” and 3 the very cogent reason that ore e
lation of the Ronat New-Youxern és full ee cese
tatof the 0. G. [Still, tao 0. G, has a 800d ciroula~
(jon, aod charges fair rates for Advortising, though
much “higher” than the Rugan in proportion to
clrowlation] And wo hereby reqnest all who consider
ur char, gant to send their orders to other
ik no patronage, as auch—wish no
one to advertise in or tuke the Rura without a reason-
able prospect of obtaining value received for the .
Investment, Above all, we beg to be spared the addl-
tion of insult to injary—as, for examp!o, when a party —
sends us balf the amount of our rates, (we do not now
refer to above case,) and ask: Publication on such
terms because “ other papers charge no more! Such
Savors are usually returned without the least “ pre-
monitory reluctance”—for we haye no ‘special desire
to deal with people who would, Judging from thelr
actions, expect to ride one hundred miles Paprallroad
—
on paying the fare for ten miles,
During the past week the publisher of a popular if
magazine Wrote us inquiring what it would cost to
insert 4 certain advertisementin the Runa one Ume,
and what for two—remarking that he thought he bad
paid us too much heretofore, “compared with othor
papers.” [This same publisher charges from 350
$100 per page for advertising, while others obarge from
$10 to $20!) Our answer was that one fosertion would
cost 25 cents a line, be the same more or less, and two
double that, provided it was inserted before Jan,
1860, after which date we should probably materi-
ally increase our rates, as they were far too low “com-
Pared with other papers.” We hope the response was
satisfactory. Within the same time (past week) we
refused au offer to advertise, at our own price, to the
amount of $1,200 —the advertisement being unobjeo-
tionable, (not a patent medicine or humbug,)—because
we do not wish to give any one announcement, weekly,
for 80 long a period as deaired (six months,) aud for the
— Though the heading of this article {ndicates
brevity, we are constrained to add another fact, Some
years ago we published in the Ruraux (for Mr. E, M,
Brapvey of Ontario county,) a brief advertisement of
cholce stock, charging therefor $4 Mr. B aferwardsin-
formed us that he realized a profit of full one thousand
dollars from eaid advertisement—and, moreover, that
the person whose note we quote above purchased som
of the animals and subsequently obtained first premium
on same at the N. Y. State Falr! And here we reat
% ¥
Caurronnta Stata Farr.—The California Farmer of
jept. 23d, (lately received,) says the Fair of the Pacific
State was a noble triumph—‘a triumph of mind, of
genius, and taste” The Fair was hold at Sacramento,
continuing some ten days, (Sept, 18, 23,) and, according
to our authority, was successful in every respect—exhi-
bition, attendance and receipts. It gave evidence that
“in every department of labor, California can bosst
the very best workmen—equal to any in the world. In
agriculture there was the proof, The grain-flelds bad
hundreds of noble examples from the brave tillers of —
the soils.” “The orchardist and gardener may well —
be proud of this Futr, fur the world never saw prouder
specimens of pomology.” ‘‘The vegetable kingdom
could well claim this chow as a triumph, for it never
was equaled, Where on the face of the earth did man
ever sco vegetables of every kind so enormously large
as thoze on the tables in the lower hall of the Pair?
Where did any one ever see them before so thickly
grown as to require a bridge over them ao aa to gather
them ("—&e,, &, The sentences we segregate are
hardly fair specimens of the style in which ourrespected
contemporary—with the aid of poetry, admiration points,
italics, &o,,—shows how far California is ahead of ‘all
the world and the rest of mankind,” and then cooly
adds, “Io our next the detalls will commence.” We
are prepared for the worst, Colonel; but pray tell us,
in the details, how they constructed that bridge. Wo
can’t get the “ hang of it”—and only ask for informa-
tion, without any design of “infringing tho patent.
Meantime, we sincerely rejoice in the great success of
the Ruralists of the Golden State.
Excovrasine Domestio Ixpustry.—A Western paper
says:—At the recent Mechanics’ Fair at Battle Creek,
Mich, C. 8, Gray, a public-spirited cltizen of that
thriving town, offered a premium for the best specimen
of spinning done by any young Jady. Four young
Jadies appeared to contest for the prize, The awards
were as follows:—To Miss Brown, of Emmet, the first
premium of $5, for best quality; Miss Newbre, a pair
of fine Gongress galters, as second premium; and
each of the others a palr of kidslips. In presenting
the premiums he made brief and good-senslcal speech,
concluding as follews:—* And now, Jadies, in conclu-
ston Jet me eay that next spring, when the wool clip
comes off, claim enough to make at least three good
suits of clothes; and the one that will present a father
and two brothers here, next fall, in a full sult of her
own manufacture, if the institution does not give her a
gold wateb, worth at least twenty-flve dollars, I will
give her fifteen dollars in cash.”
Horse Censvs.—The following curlotis account ts
given in Appleton'’s Cyclopmdia, of the number of
horses in the varfous paris of the world:—“‘Tbe gen-
eral estimate bas been eight to ten horses in Europe
for every hundred inhabitants, Denmark has forty five
horses to every hondred inhabitants, which is more
than any otber European country. Groat Britain and
Treland have 2,500,000 horses; France 8,000,000; Aus-
trian Empire, exclusive of Italy, 2,600,000; Russia
8,500,000, The United States have 5,000,000, which is
moro than any European country; the horses of the
whole world ure estimated at 57,420,000."
Domxstio Piarons, Which, according to tho present
use made of them, are about as profitable as rats, may
be turned to valuable purposes. They increase very
rapidly when thelr propagation is fostered, They are
larger and sweeter than the wild pigeon, and by 4
proper care of their almost extinct race, they may be &
very abundant, desirable and profitable game. Look
to this subject, you that wish to increase the wealth of
your poultry yards. So says an exchange.
Fis Gvano.—Ina Jecture at Montreal, Prof. Horr
expressed the opinion that from 100,000 to 160,000 wing of
artificial manure might be manufactured annually from
the waste of the Canadian fisberies; and this equal to
Peruvian guauo, The Freneh were aware of the im-
portance of this manure, and were now manufacturing
iton a large scale in the Btralts of Bell-Isle,
we —The lettors written by
foundation of professorship of Agricultural Chemis-
try in the * University of the South,” This donation
makes up the entire amonnt of 5,000,000, required by
the charter to establish the proposed University,
~~
xp Issa vorl!
ge Prairie Farmer, daring his
ther Bagnox, of tte F
ann among old felends In Northera New York.
tion, We purpose to glve,
To maintain this rash assertion, we pt
ere long, some segregations therefrom.
i
additional reason that our space im wo
“ty ah
are often obliged to defer new advertisement wo
are, by the way, this week.) ¥
t
i] tg
7
ae
:
a
¢ B
| is not the severity of the weather, but sudden and
MATERIAL FOR HEDGING.
Our readers will have voticed in our last twe
jesues articles condemning the Osage Orange, as
too tender for » Hedge Plant, and recommending
the English Hawthorn. To-day we give the expe-
jence of another hedge grower, Perbaps we
have not yet discovered the plant that in centuries
to come will line our roads and divide our fields
with living walls of green; and we may never
obtain a plant that will succeed in all sections of
our wide-extended country, with its diversity of
soil and climate. In many sections the Osage
Orange is bardy, and, in fact, we have only just
begun to learn that it is not bardy everywhere.
In the summer of 1856, during a brief sojourn at
the West, we formed very favorable opinions in
regard to the hardiness of this plant, as did every
one else, The previous winter was one of extra-
ordinary severity; apple trees a foot in diameter, |
and ten or fifteen years planted, were killed to the
ground—whole orchards were destroyed—while
the Osage Orange hedges e immediate vicin-
ity, and sometimes actually surrounding these
orchards, were uninjured, except at the tender
extremities of the branches, and in many cases, in
. fact, almost all cases, the hedges seemed as safe
and vigorous as though kept over winter in o
green-house.
With these facts, it will not seem strange that
the Osage Orange should be proclaimed as hardy;
nor will it answer to charge, as one correspondent
has almost done, that these opinions have been
promulgated only by interested parties, and for
selfish ends, We have almost concluded from the
observation of the past two or three years, that it
CLUSTER AND LEAF OF THE DELAWARE GRAPE.
REER,
ae TT)
Inquiries and Answers,
——
Paints Frowzrs.—Inclosed {s a section of the
flower of a wild prairie bulb, and aleo a leaf. The
bulb in its construction is something after the order of
the Hyacinth in form, but grows nearer the surface. It
bas no scales like the lily, but seems entire, Itsends
up from five to eight racemes of flowers, like the seo
‘ion Inclosed, varying in length from one and a half to
three feet, and is a very atriking object in a flower bed.
If you can give us the botanical name, it will lay us
under many obligations —G@. G, OQ. & Co., Sfaysville,
Ky., 1889. ‘
Tae specimen is Liatris scariosa (Mx. Gay
Feather,) a well known plant over the West.
Root bulbous, but the plant is wholly distinct from
the bulbous planés, and has no family or even class
relation to them.
Maxine 4 Grare Bonpzr—Belng a subscriber to
the Rurat, I would like to ask @ question or two for
my own benefit and perhaps many others, Ihave just
built a house, and having quite a quantity of waste
lime, such as the masons waste in laying brick and
Plastering, composed of lime, sand, bair, pieces of
brick and some shavings, I would like to know if that
would be good to put into my grape borper, I thought
T would take that, add leaves, horse manure and soll for
my border, but then I thought I would ask you first, for I
might be wrong, as I just beginning tomakea home
for myself and family. Will the Northern Muscadine
Grape need protection here in this climate, (about 40
degrees ?)—R, P. R., Quincy, Il, 1859.
Otp praster and refuse lime is good for a border
—so0 is the hair. Theshaviogs would help lighten
it if the soil was rather heavy, and bo of adyan-
tage. The bricks you might use at the bottom in
making good driinage. Well-mix the leaves, and
there is nothing better, with the horse manure,
plaster and soil, and you will have a good border,
The Northern Muscadine is represented as being
extremely hardy. It has never suffered by the
winter here,
ee,
as
i \\,
wy. — =:
\
extreme changes, and perhaps bright, sunshiny,
winter days, that causes the Osage Orange to
suffer, After all, we bhaye not seen an Osage
Orange hedge injured beyond recovery, by winter,
while we have seen scores ruined by bad treatment,
_ Very much rejoiced would we be to know that
the Pnglish Hawthorn,—the Quickset of the farmer,
and the sweet May-Flower of the merry children,—
with its beautiful green, glossy foliage, its fragrant
flowers, its bright-red winter berries, its dense,
living wall, could be grown as well in this country
as in England, but for this we cannot hope. The
Hawthorn seems perfectly at home in the moist
climate of England, flourishes in any spot where
it has a chance to take root, makes perfect hedges,
as secure against man or beast as a stone wall, and
beautiful ornamental trees, to be found on every
Donixe the past few years there has been a
good deal of discussion in regard te the origin and
history of the Delaware Grape. Some bave con-
tended that it is a foreign variety; indeed, that
was at first the general opinion, and mapy Ger-
mans now contend that they have seen it in their
native land. For some time it was supposed to be
the Zraminer, but from this it is quite distinct,
though bearing some resemblance. It is not
unlikely that there is in Germany a grape bearing
even a still more striking likeness to the Delaware.
The opinion for some years has become quite
general, and every year more so, that it is a native,
and it has been almost proved that it originated in
a garden in New Jersey, some thirty years ago.
Mr. Mesnan, editor of the Gardener's Journal,
contends that itis a true native, and thinks he has
seen and tasted it growing in the woods while
making botanical excursions. Below, we give an
article from Mr. M. on thisinteresting subject. No
one, we think, will regret to see evidence that this
delicious grape is a native of the American forest,
“While making some botanical trips on the
upper portion of the Delaware some years back,
we recollect a casual notice of a grape which we
have often thought had a strong resemblance to
what later years had taught us to call the Dela-
ware; and throughout the discussions on the
native and foreign origin of this variety, we have
often wished we could call to mind the exact spot,
or that our duties would admit of auother few
weeks’ trip in this romantic region. However, we
have done the next best thing. We have tried to
put others on the track; but though we have got
the grape from near a score of localities, on close
investigation we cannot assure ourself with confi-
fidence that they are entirely wild. One thing,
however, is remarkable,—none of the grapes are
exactly the same, Some have the bunches loose,
some compact, some shouldered, some with short
bunches, and some above the average length; but
yet in every essential quality they are Delaware,
and nothing but Delaware. From one bunch we
selected a portion and sent them to Mr. Garber for
a name, Mr. Garber replies, ‘Judging from the
berries alone, they are the Delaware, and nothing
else,’
Those sent to Mr. Garber we got from Quaker-
town, Bucks county, and in reply to our inquiries,
our correspondent says:
‘The grape sent you is called in this neighbor-
hood the Ruff Grape, as it is supposed to have
been originally brought from New Jersey by a
party of that name.”
At onr recent Horticultural Exhibition we pre-
sented four bunches, all from different localities,
and selected for their varied forms, to our regular
Fruit Committee ‘for name,’ without explaining
any of the circumstances, They were pronounced
‘Delaware.’
Tn our own mind, we have no more doubt about
the Delaware being o native grape,—both pomo-
logically and botanically,—than we haye about our
own existence; and, did not true courtesy demand
otherwise, would alter the old couplet, which says
that,
‘When Bishop Berkeley says there {s no matter,
It is no matter what the Bishop says,’
into a pomological construction. However, if any
one will take a few bunches of Delaware, and con-
fine them for a few days in a close box, ind then
suddenly open the cover in the vicinity of his nasal
organ, it will be saluted with that peculiar odor
which may be classed with the Mus-cat or pole-cat
order, according to the peculiar tastes or preju-
dices of the owner; but which is universally sug-
gestive of an American origin.
With regard to its leafy characters, our friend,
John Sherwood, at Bristol, Pa., will show any
Visitor a Delaware C m
BRANCH OF THE HAWTHORN,
In this country the Zorn makes a beautiful
small tree, and is somewhat planted, but not as
"extensively as its merit deserves. The White,
Double White, Pink Flowering, Scarlet and Double
Tied varieties, are valuable small trees, which we
recommend to every one planting shrubs or trees.
But, we haye little hopes that it will succeed as a
hedge, over a large extent of country. The borer
attacks the plants and destroys many, and the
Aphis injures the leaves, stops the growth, and by
a little after midsummer a Hawthorn hedge is a
sorry sight indeed. Still, we know of some that
do well. One, growing in the village of Pittsford,
in this county, is equal in vigor and beauty to
anything that could be found in England. On acold,
clay soil, we think the Hawthorn succeeds the best.
The Osage Orange, we are led to believe, by
pretty extensive observation, suffers more from
neglect and bad treatment, from want of pruning,
neglect of culture, crowding near fences, &c., than
from tho effects of winter. The Honey Locust has
been tried, to some extent, and we know of some,
who after years of trial, are prepared to say that it
is better adapted for a farm fence than any other
plant in our possession. It must be remembered,
however, by every hedge grower, thatafter a hedge
is planted in a well prepared soil, the work is only
just commenced, It should be given plenty of
room, not crowded by fences, the soil several fect
on each side should be kept clean and mellow, and
the plants must be kept cut back, so as to secure a
good, thick bottom, for without this, every attempt
to grow a hedge will be a failure,
st
:
_Fovm Cunysasrazwow Puasts,—A few days
since we made a call at the conservatory of CHas.
W. Seevye, nurseryman of this city, to see his
Chrysanthemum plants, having learned from some
of our practical gardeners, who are always on the
look o} nice things, that he had some of the.
finest ever grown in this part of the country, We
found them all that they had been represented;
indeed, we never saw better show-plants anywhere,
‘They are grown upon a single stem forfour or five
inches, when they throw out vigorous branches,
forming beautiful round plan’ @ two or three
tin bh
C
eight more in circumference,
wil ‘f
Tits
howe! e yugh which
t foliage’oc 0 recent The
ir. 8. ! irate
have amongst us many varieties of the Isabella.
We have trayeled on foot over nearly every square
mile in the State of Delaware, and in the woods
and swamps of that State, many forms of Isabella
are frequent,—the main difference only being that
they are not quite as good as the cultivated. We
haye very little hesitation to infer from the above
personal histories and our own observations on
wild grapes, that the Delaware’s home is on the
hills and head-waters of the Delaware river, and
that if the woods and wilds of those localities were
searched, many similar varieties would be found,
all referable to the same form, which might indeed
result in its being considered a distinct species,”
The engraving above was taken from a bunch
on exhibition at the fost meeting of the Fruit
Growers’ Society of Western New York, and we
think from specimens sent us by Cas. Downina.
The editor of the Horticulturist says, “at the
late exhibition of the Pennsylyania Horticultural
Society specimens of Delaware grapes found in
three different localities, in a wild state, were ex-
hibited.” If this is so, it settles the question, but
our understanding of the matter is, that these
specimens were not found wild, but were taken
frem old vines growing in gardens in different
sections, and of course planted long before the
Delaware grape received its present name, or be-
came known to pomologists, Mr. M. B. Rarewas,
of Ohio, states that some years ago he saw this
grape on exhibition at Pittsburgh, where it was
called Lady's Choice, named so because first picked
by the owners lady friends.
$$ —_—___<_
MORE EXPERIENCE IN HEDGE -GROWING,
SEWING MACHINE AWARDS,
BY THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE, NEW YORK.
Sewine Macuryes, considered in their social, in-
dustrial, and physiological bearings upon society,
are second in importance to no material agent of
the day. Economizing nine-tenths of the time re-
quired for sewing by hand; eliminating most of
the evils of needlework; enlarging the sphere of
woman's employment by creating new and profit-
able branches of industry; relieving the house-
keeper of her most grievous burden, the Sewing
Machine ranks with the fabled deities as benefac-
tors of humanity,
The Committee of the American Institute, N.
Y., appointed at the late exhibition st Palace Gar-
den, to examine Sewing Machines, haye made a
long, elaborate, and able report, of much interest
to the public. Although the atility of this inven-
tion is established beyond all question, yet, for
the various purposes of its application, ignorance
exists as to the particular patent best for a specific
purpose. Committees heretofore haye not dis-
criminated and classified sufficiently. This report
is free from these faults, The Machines are ar-
rapged according to the stitch made, and the pur-
pose to which the machine is to be applied, in four
classes, 1st, 2d, 8rd, and 4th; a classification indi-
cating the general order of merit and importance:
Cxass Ist, includes the Shuttle, or Lock Stitch
Machines for family use, and for manufacturers in
the same range of purpose and material. The
Committee has assigned this class the highest
rank, on account of the ‘elasticity, permanence,
beauty, and general desirableness of the stitching
when done,” and the wide range of its application.
At the head of this class they place the Warren
& Witson Machine, and award it the highest pre-
mium. This has been the uniform award for this
Machine throughout the country for several years,
and we think no disinterested person will dispute
its justice and propriety.
Cass 2p, includes the Shuttle, or Lock Stitch
Machine, for heavy manufacturing purposes. At
the head of this class the Committee place Finst &
Frost's Machines.
Cuass 3ep, includes the Double Chain Stitch
Machines. The Grover & Baxen Machine is
placed at the head of this class. The Committee
objects to the stitch made by this Machine, inas-
much as it consumes more thread than any other
stitch, and leaves a ridge projecting from one side
of the seam. This, in the Committee's opinion,
must usually impair the durability of the seam,
and often the beauty of the garments or other
articles so stitched, though some of the Machines
making this stitch can be used very successfully
for embroidering purposes.
Messrs. Epitons:—Your correspondent, Wa.
B. Rice, in the Rurat of the 29th of October, in
giving his experience in the rearing of Osage
Orange for Hedges, and also making inquiry in
regard to the cultivation of English Hawthorn,
for the same purpose, justly remarks that a “mite
ofpractical knowledge, though often dearly bought,
is of more worth than a yolume of theorising.”
The remark is true, and willing to save him and
others the trouble, expense and disappointment
consequent upon the attempt of building fences in
that way, I will give also my experience. Some
eight or nine years since, I purchased the Quickset
and planted out between one hundred and fifty and
two hundred rods of English Hawthorn Hedge.
I took much pains in preparing the ground, setting
out the plants, and cultivating them for three or
four years, keeping them free from grass and weeds,
They grew well and made fine promise for a fence,
and it was observed by an English tenant that
they flourished as well as any that he ever saw in
Old England, and when trimmed and in full foli-
age were beautiful indeed. But my hopes and
expectations were doomed to disappointment.
Soon after the hedge was deemed suflicient fora
fence and the protection removed, it began in some
places to show symptoms of decay. Upon exami-
nation I found the bushes deeply girdled, or eaten
entirely off, at or near the surface by a worm or
grub, perhaps the same that infests the apple and
and locust tree; so, while I have sought by much
labor and expense to have a neat, useful and orna-
mental live fence along the highway, about the
door-yard and orchard, I haye an unseemly apol-
ogy for a fence, dead by feet, and almost by rods,
inviting hungry and unruly street cows and land-
shark swine to commit depredations.
I can assure Mr. Rice that I am as fully pre-
pared to condemn the cultivation of the English
Hawthorn for hedges in this locality, as he is to
pronounce that of the Osage Orange # hoax in this
latitude. As to to the latter, I planted out about
seventy rods three or four years ago, and they did
well until I found last spring they had been pretty
badly scorched by frost. I trimmd them, and they
have grown pretty well this
they do not look as health Es
will determine their failure o
p for either. q
ton Centre, N. Y4 Ne
Cxass 47n, includes the Single Thread Tambour
or Chain Stitch Machines. The tendency of this
stitch to ravel, the Committee considers an objec-
tion so serious that they refuse to recommend the
Machines making it for any premium.
The public is much indebted to this Committee
for the able discharge of their duty, in rendering
clear a subject that interest has so much darkened.
Buexere Caxe.—One pound of flour; 1 1b. su-
gar; 1 teacup butter; 6 eggs; 1 cup milk; 2 te
spoons cream tartar, mixed through the flour; 1
teaspoon soda, dissolved in the milk.
Sunewseory Caxe.—One pound of flour; }¢ lb.
butter; 84 Ib. sugar; 5 eggs; 1 teaspoon soda,
dissolved in water; spice with lemon; bake three
quarters of an hour.—Ecoxour, Salem Co., N. oJ.
Reweny vor tae Feu Take a pint of com-
mon a and mix it in sir-slaked lime till it is
of consistency of glazier’s putty. Make 8 leather
thimble, and fill it with this composition, and in-
the finger therein, and change the composition
once in twenty minutes, and the cure is certain,
C22
[ADVERTISEMENT.}
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SPALDING'S PREPARED GLUE!
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SAVE THE PIECES!
Economy: DISPATCH!
Fa" A Strom ov Tore Saves Nove" 3 om
Ss!
ca
22
ae Pb
_ AB aocidenta will hay in well-regulated fam-
idles, iis very desirable to have, sone ce
ient way for Toys, Croc!
SPALDING'S PREPARED GLUB
can afford
itr vice conte
ken cradles. Tk
ental
and
Aner
cold,
“USEFUL IN EVERY HOUSE.” re
N. B.—A Brush accompanies each bottle, Scents, |
— =
Wholesale Depot, No. 30 Platt St, N
Address HENRY €. SPALDING & CO,
Box No, 5,600, Nuw York,
Put up for Dealers in cases contalnine four, eight and
twelve dozen—a beautiful Lithograph Show-card accom.
panying each package,
A single bottle of SPALDING'S PREPARED GLUE —
Will save ten times Its costannually to every household. 8 |
fold by all prominent Stationers, Droxist ardware
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Country merchants should make a note of SPALDING'S
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Manufactured by
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30 Plait-St., New York.
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usefulness by
SPALDING’S PREPARED GLUE:
.Mends ACCOUNT BOOKS
lends aUReUS
ADLES
ia PAN:
.Mends GUITARS
Mends wane
ds A
.-Mends RIAN FOR
ROTOZR OAR ROSE SOn>
ZAc8"xON5'
ends WORK-BOXE
fends XYLOGRAP!
:Mends YARD-STICK
Mends ZEPHYR WOOD-W
‘n conclusion. SPALDING
useful in Libraries and Schools,
NK
SRTERSERE Semana
SRSSESSemssameowe
M
1.:Mends
Mends
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Written for Moore's Roral New-Yorker.
DIRGE FOR THE DEPARTED.
BY HEBRON BELL,
‘Tum sunlight struggles, pale and dim,
Through fleecy clouds that wrap the sky;
I miss the song-bird’s morning bymn,
For winter's nigh,
And they have sought a warmer clime
Where flowers still bloom ’mid tangled fern,
But soon, when comes the warm spring-time,
They will return,—
‘When April skies are bright above,
‘When sparkling fountains dance and play,
‘Their songs will echo in each grove
And meadow gay,
But she, who bad the power to send
Buoh Joy from out her ample store,
And with my own sad nature blend,
Will come no more,
Beneath yon elms, that to the skies
‘Their long and leafless branches wave,
Swayed by November's wind, she lies
“Low in bor graye,”
The cold winds, o'er the wooded height,
Sigh like the far-heard ocean’s surge,
‘And chant, through all the dreary night,
A mournful dirge.
My heart Is crushed,—it could not bear
‘The blow,—she was my ondy friend,—
Oh, why should life, so young and fair,
Bo early end?
When twilight with the southern breezo
The golden hours of day prolong,
Then she would gently seek to please
With sweetest song,
Ter happy voico, when sho was glad,
Would echo through my throbbing heart,
And then, at times, so low and sad,
‘That tears would start.
Oh, lonely hours I yet shall see—
Oh, bitter tears I yet shall weep,
Ere I shall sink, dear M—, like thee,
In Death’s calm sleep.
But firmly to one hope I cling,
‘The sweetest to us mortals given,
It is that I'L) yet hear her sing
With choirs in Heaven.
Fayette, Mo., 1859.
! Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
FADED FLOWERS.
Tr was on a pleasant day, not long since, that,
looking over an old box which [ had not seen in
some time, I discovered a cluster of faded flowers.
Twas about examining them more closely, when
TI heard a gentle rap at the door. On opening
it, whom should I see but dear aunt Patience.
Aunt Patience is a widow lady, about sixty years
of age. She lives with a maiden daughter, in a
little vine-covered cottage a few miles from us,
and, though she enjoys good health, she but sel-
dom visits us, on account of the distance, She
keeps her eyes open, and by this means has
become quite a wise woman. There is not one
among her acquaintances for whom she has not
a kind word; and her pleasant yet dignified face
always seems to bring peace with it. The little
children leave their sports and rue to meet her,
erying, ‘Aunt Patience is coming;’”’ and the
quiet housekeepers smile a satisfied smile, as they
place the rocking chair for her by the open win-
dow. Always “patient and loving,” we think she
is rightly named,
“Tam glad you have come,” said I, taking her
bonnet and shawl, and putting them carefully
away. Aunt Patience smiled; then, taking her
knitting, commenced her work.
“ Always at work, aunt,” said I.
“Don’t you know that
‘Saran finds some mischief still,
For idle hands to do?”
Ab! you must never be idle, Aurce. But what
have you there?”
‘Tis a withered nosegay, aunt, FANNIE gave
it to me—and you know Fannie is dead now,”
said I, softly, as the memory of that dear friend
came over me.
“Yes, yes, Avice, I know it full well. Sho was
@ faded flower on earth, but her pure spirit blooms
in Heaven.”
“Yes, aunt, and when she gave them to me she
said, ‘Think of me often, Avicz.” Ido very often,
aunt. This little bud she wore in her hair the
last evening I saw her,—I begged it to put with
other flowers that she had just given me, They
retain their fragrance, if not their color,” said I,
as I carefully laid them away.
“Auior, dear, on that never-to-be-forgotten day
on which Fannre died, did not the Angel of Death
beg that sweet bud to place with others which he
had that day gathered? The jewel,—her soul,—
was taken away, and the casket only remained.
So with your flowers, Arice,—the life of them has
departed,—the faded flowers only remain. The
Sweet fragrance which they even yet give is like
the good deeds, kind words, and pleasant smiles
which Fannie herself has given, which, though
past, are not forgotten. That sweet bud is a fit
emblem of herself, thus early transplanted to the
bright land where is no parting, and where the
righteous shine forth as the sun in the Kingdom
of ‘their Father,” ”
“Ab,” said I, “you have found the true secret
of happiness. You hope to meet Fannre in that
better land. Is it not go, dear aunt?”
“Yes, Arce. ‘The Loup is my shepherd, I
shall not want,’ even in the hour of death.” After
a few moments’ pause, aunt resumed :
“To you know of any other fadeq flowers ?”
«J think not, aunt.”
“There are very many faded flowers, Avice, —
more than is sometimes supposed. How meny
flowers that once grew in human gardens are
faded. They lie cold, and alone,—they sleep the
dreamless sleep,—their bright eyes are closed,
never to be opened here,—their merry, laughing
Yoices, that once sounded in joyoullifieo through
their happy homes, are husbed, and the little
dimpled hands lie folded over bosoms that are
never to know more of pain or,care, How many
of these are in the old church-yard,—how many
faded in yeurs gone by, and whose graves are
forgotten,—how many lie in the depths of the
sea,—how map; whose last resting places will
never be known till the earth and sea shall give
up their dead. Another faded flower, Auton, is
the aged, respected mot/er, oared for and loved
with the pure affections of achild’s heart. Mother
toiled against poverty to give her children an
education and to clothe them, and shall hey refuse
to provide for her wants, and to increase her com-
fort by every means in their power? What if the
infirmities of age rest heavily upon her? They
will never leaye her,—never turn her upon the
cold charities of the world alone. ‘Honor thy
father and thy mother,’—how often in ehildhood
have they heard it from her venerable lips, and
now they obey the command cheerfully. May
you, Avice, ever remember to love and cherish
this faded flower.”
Aunt Patrence continued ;—“The wife, worn
down with care and watchfulness, is another faded
flower. Care has taken the rose-tint from her
cheek and the once bright and beaming expres-
sion from her eye. The hilarity of youth is
gone,—the step is slow. Husbands need not
remind them of it,—it is enough that it is so.
We know, ourselves, that ‘we do fade as a leaf.’
Let them Jessen our cares; let them take more of
the responsibility of the family upon themselves,
and they will not be so ready to perceive the
inroads of decay; or, perceiying, and knowing
the cause, will wisely refrain ‘from the reminders
in which some husbands are inclined, either un-
wiltingly or heartlessly, to indulge. Many a wife
toils on alone, as far as the interest or care taken
by the husband is concerned, and then, added to
all their trouble, is the taunt, “How you have
faded.’ By-the-by, Avice, I find that husbands
are very apt to see ‘faded flowers’ in the peraons
of their weary wives on their return from an eve-
ning’s pastime amid the young and gay. I saw
Mrs. S., and Mrs. H., last Sabbath, at church.
They wore a look of care, and I thought, Axice,
perbaps their husbands had seen ‘faded flowers’
on their return from the last party.”
Aunt’s conversation was suddenly broken off by
a rap at the door, which proved to be a call upon
her to visit the sick, and thus ended her descrip-
tions of ‘faded flowers.’ Very sorry was I that
we were interrupted,—for I was being educated,
and wished to learn more. Dear me, I did not
know before that there were such flowers as aunt
has last described,—my idea was that husbands
and wives faded together, ALICE.
Canandaigua, N. Y., 1859.
MARRIAGE OF IDA FAIRFIELD,
Tr doubtless will interest the many attached
and widely scattered personal friends of Mary S.
Bassett, and the more numerous readers of the
chaste aud beautiful poetical productions of her
pen, full of high-toned moral and religious senti-
ment, which have so frequently appeared in the
Rurat New-Yorxer and in some of the magazines
to which she has contributed, over the signature
of “Ina Farrrrevp,” to learn that she was married
on the evening of Sept. Sth, at the residence of
her mother, in Independence, Allegany Co.,N. Y.,
to Wu. L. Crarxe, Esq , of Rhode Island, the Rey.
Janep Kenroy, officiating. The invitations to the
wedding were confined, with few exceptions, to
relatives of the family, as it was intended to be as
private as the circumstances would admit, as the
bride had lost a venerated father, and a much-
loved brother and sister, within the last eighteen
months,—yet, the company was large as the
family connections are numerous. Miss Basserr
is a grand niece of the late Gen. Erastus Roor of
this State, and a niece of Joseru Suerrretp, Esq.,
of New Haven, one of the Railroad Kings. Her
uncles, Georce Sr. Joun of New York, and Tuos.
Sr. Jonn of Mobile, gentlemen of fortune, were
present, and among the most liberal contributors
of the numerous articles of massive and beauti-
fully and elaborately wrought silver plate, and
other bountiful and well-merited gifts of friendship
and affection, which adorned a side table in one
of the parlors—the admiration of all, and the
envy, perhaps, of some of the less fortunate among
the fair guests.
The company was an interesting one, much of
it from abroad. The mother, an intelligent mat-
ron, exhibiting the dignity and grace of the olden
time, of New England birth and education, yet an
early settler of this Switzerland of New York, pre-
sided, surrounded by four married daughters, and
two daughters-in-law, all matrons of dignity, the
most of them returning to the home of their child-
hood from a distance, to be present at the marriage
of a cherished sister, Fairy fingers and fairer
lips, dispensed sweet music, inspiring and impart-
ing an interest to a scene, made elegant, by the
presence of more than one of those birds of Para-
dise whom Heaven had destined to wander here
upon earth for the benefit and happiness of man,
among them, the fair bride, exbibiting an unpre-
tending and charming native simplicity, and the
fairy bridesmaids, one of them a young sister, in
their appropriate and beautiful adornments, around
whom the graces, or mountain fairies, might have
danced a cotillon, The evening, with music and
feasting, the meeting of friends and congratula-
tions, passed cheerfully away, The next morning,
however, tearful eyes told of the parting of many,
never to meet again upon so joyous an occasion,
The bride, after a few parting visits, will leave
the quiet home of her nativity among the Allegany
hills —just before they rise into those lofty moun-
tain ranges, and stretch away to the sunny South—
to seek a new one at Ashaway, Rhode Island, the
residence of her fortunate husband, where she will
doubtless meet a geuerous welcome. May the best
of Heaven’s blessings and the happiest fortunes
attend that gifted and devoted child of the moun-
tains, who aums to accomplish @ noble mission, in
a humble and quiet way, by doing good.
Wellsville, N. Y., Sept. 10, 1859,
Norg.— The above was received during our absence,
and mislaid. In giving it publicity, we fear the parties
named may oouliign the sketch too personal, yet the
bride is a favorite with so many of or readers that we
Yenture to ‘assume the responsibility.” The scene
described must have been a trying one fo its apparently
faithful delineator—a bachelor ex-M. C., who has long
delayed becoming one of the principals on "80 joyous
4n occasion.” We hopo our frend will soon correct the
single defect in his character. 4
ee,
MOORR’S RURAL NEW-YORKEER.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
INDIAN SUMMER.
BY CLARA P. YAWGER.
Wuex the smiling summer's ended,
And the golden harvest past,
Cold, gray elouds, by storms attended,
All the azure overcast; ‘i
When the “sunny days” are over,
And the “melancholy” come,—
When each little wHd-wood rover
Has secured its winter home,—
And the birds have all forsaken
Byery forest, grove and bower,
‘Where, whene’er a bough is shaken,
__ Past it sheds a yellow shower,—
‘When the flowers have all departed,
And the ebill winds sob and moan,
Tin We're sad and weary-hearted
Listening to their dirge-like tone,—
Then, how welcome the appearing
Of the Indian Summer fair,
With {ts golden light, so cheering,
And its mild and mellow air,
Over mount and river stealing,
Making hills and hearth-stones bright,
‘With a soft, blue veil concealing
Half the faded Jandscape’s blight.
‘Oh, its sweet and dreamy sadness,
And its happy peacefal sigh,
Like a smile of holy gladness
Tn the dying Christian’s eye,
Gently whispering winds caress ws,
Summer seems returned again,
With a few, sweet days to bless us,
Ere stern Winter’s oruel reign.
hoice itliscellany.
\ oY
Z —
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
CULTIVATE THE BEAUTIFUL—No. 1,
Troy! this world is beautiful/ It is no new
thought, but it came to me this morning with
such freshness and force that I strove in vain
to repress its utterance. It seemed, indeed, as
though it were borne to me on every ray of the
sunlight streaming in at my window, and irradi-
ating not external things simply, but my inner
soul rejoiced and reveled in its beams. Gop made
the sunlight beautiful, and the earth it shines
upop. Beautiful in every phase, and form, and
combination,—beautiful in its external workings,
—beautiful when, unfolded and explained, we
trace the chain of causes, linked in one whole,
necessary to produce the various phenomena of
nature, until we are lost in admiration for their
Great Architect,—beautiful, even in its mystery.
It is well at times for the human soul to feel its
own littleness—to shrink into itself—to compare
the finite with the Infinite, the mortal with the
Immortal. Go forth on an autumnal morning,
when nature sleeps, and the earth is strewn with
dry leaves,—emblems of our decay,—and you still
feel the force of this assertion. Does not the sun-
light shining on them come to us as does that
glorious ray of hope which emanates from Heaven
as we stand beside the ashes of a departed friend—
these shall rise again? Each particle shall be
endowed with life,—shall drink the sunlight and
the dew, and nature shall rejoice. Nor is Earth
less beautiful when shrouded in white,—emblem of
purity. We recall the promise of seed-time and
harvest, and are strengthened patiently to await
its coming. We could hardly greet the spring-
time with so cordial a welcome were it not for the
winter—or the summer, were it not for the spring-
time. The very change is both rest and recreation,
These frames of ours, protected with such care,
are formed of atoms old as is Creation’s self. They
are but the form, the dress which the spirit takes ;
the mere machines to work its ends,—to carve its
imagery! They arenotourselves/ Yeteyenthese
are beautiful. See the blood coursing and recours-
ing without our will, painting the passions in the
face, and strengthening us for our life-work. The
nerves,—those little monitors, miniature tele-
graphs, messengers of joy and woe,—are they not
beautiful? What wonder that the ancient poet
said, “Man, know thyself." The human frame is
a mimic world. What sparks of thought has not
art borrowed from its workings.
Pardon this digression; but are we not too
prone to bury ourselves in the cares and perplexi-
ties which our own human passions have woven—
to become soured by disappointments and failures
in our own futile and imperfect schemes, becoming
mere plodders, toiling because we must, and shut-
ting out the joyousness, the light and the beauty
which are ready to greet us at every turn of our
pathway if we but woo them? Do we not some-
times carry this spirit into the family circle and
the school-room? The world reflects back to us
the image of our soul, If the picture is dark, rest
assured that there is something wrong. We never
adequately prize a privilege until it has been de-
nied us; thus we grow callous and indifferent to
daily blessings, simply because they are common.
A healthy body is the first of Heaven's blessings ;
a healthy mind the second; and yet, with both
of these, how often we render ourselves miserable.
There is virtue, love, kindness, gratitude and
charity in the world if we but seek for them. Just
as naturally as each seed sown in the soil draws
therefrom that nutriment necessary to perfect its
growth,—each different in its kind,—so do human
beings draw around them spirits congenial to their
natures, Mind acts upon mind with a reflex influ-
ence, and we cannot divest ourselves of it. We
leave our impressions upon persons and things
with whom we are associated, and just so certainly
will they make their impressions upon us. The
company we keep, is as true an index to our mind
as though our every thought were written. Smile
amid a group of children, and a dozen smiles will
greet you in turn, Speak a cheerful word, anda
dozen cheerful voices will respond. There is an
emanation from your spirit which will warm or
chill theirs just as naturally as a heated body will
impart warmth to the atmosphere around it, or a
cold one frigidity. Go cheerfully to your work;
teach them as though you loved to teach, and they
willlovetolearn, Words are the signs of thought,
but are not always necessary to its interpretation,
An expression of the countenance, a glance, a
motion, the movement of a muscle, involuntary
though it may be, is sometimes more potent than
words. There are passions and emotions which
words lack power to paint, yet intuitively a child
comprehends them. The lips may speak words
‘soft or stern to clothe a thought, yet the soul will
shine through them. No person need hope to
excel in any vocation which he does not love,
That only can be well done which is entered into
with heart and mind in the work. Awaken the
curiosity of a child and Jead him on from truth to
truth, and the Jabor of instructing becomes a
Pleasant pastime. A love of knowledge once
awakened, it will burn on like o heavenly fire,
brighter and purer. B. A. M’N,
Lockport, N. ¥., 1859, .
+e
CELEBRATED AUTHORS,
Dr. Jonson preferred conversation to books,
and owned that he had hardly read a single book
through, declaring that the perpetual task of
reading was as bad as slavery in the mine, or
labor at the oar.
Byron was an exceedingly rapid writer and
composer, He produced the whole of the “Bride
of Abydos” in a single night; and it is said with-
out even mending his pen. The pen is now pre-
served in the British Museum.
Pope never could compose well without first
declaiming for some time at the top of his Yoiee,
and thus rousing his neryous system to the fullest
activity. He says, “the things I have written
quickest have always pleased me best.”
A friend once said to Moore, the poet, that his
verses must slip off his tongue as if by magic.
“Why, sir,” replied Moore, “that line cost me
hours, days and weeks of attrition before it would
come,””
It cost Lord Lyttleton twenty years to write
the ‘Life and History of Henry 11;"— Gibbon
was twelve years in completing his ‘Decline and
Fall of the Roman Empire ;”—and Adam Smith
occupied ten years in producing his “Wealth of
Nations.”
Calvin studied in his bed. Every morning, at
five or six o'clock, he had book, manuscript and
paper brought to him there, and he worked on for
hours together. If he had occasion to go out, on
his return he undressed and went to bed again,
there to resume his studies.
Bacon could only compose in a small study; he
fancied that a contracted room helped him to con-
dense his thoughts, and always invested the cere-
mony of writing with solemnity. He knelt down,
before composing his great works, and prayed for
light from Heaven.
Balzac, the finest writer in French prose, who
gives vast majesty and harmony to his periods,
has been known to bestow a week upon a single
page of composition, and was never satisfied with
the first production of his thoughts.
Martin Luther's literary labors were enormous;
during an interval of less than thirty years, he
published seven hundred and fifteea volumes;
Some were pamphlets, but the most were large
and elaborate treatises. He was very fond of his
dog, which was ever by his side.
“The Comforts of Human Life,” by R. Heron,
were written in a prison, under the most distress-
ing circumstances. ‘The Miseries of Human
Life,” by Beresford, were, on the contrary, com-
posed ina drawing-room, where the author was
surrounded by every luxury.
Steele wrote excellently on temperance, when he
was sober. Sallust, who declaimed so eloquently
against the licentiousness of the age, was himself
an habitual debauchee. Johnson'’sessay on polite-
ness is admirable, but he was himself a perfect
boor, Young's gloomy verses give one the blues,
but he was a brisk, lively man.
We find the depressed and melancholy Cow-
per, who passed so many days of religious des-
pondency and doubt, devoting the hours of night
to the production of the mirth-provoking story of
“John Gilpin.”
All the friends of Sterne knew him to be a most
selfish man; yet, as a writer, he excelled in pathos
and charity. At one time beating his wife, at
another, wasting his sympathies over a dead don-
key. So Seneca wrote in praise of poverty, on a
table formed of solid gold, with millions let out
at usury.
It is a remarkable fact that the mass of poetry
which gave Burns his principal fame, burst from
him in a very short space of time, not exceeding
fifteen months. It was a sudden, impetuous flow,
which seemed soon to exhaust itself.— Flag of Our
Union.
————— oe
Moxey.—The desire to be rich is not evil in it-
self. It is nonsense for a man to stand up and dis-
claim the desire for wealth, and urge upon itself
the idea that he should be poor. Money is neither
an evil or a good of itself; it has not a moral char-
acter. It is simply aa agent, and whether it be
good or evil depends upon the manner in which it
isused. Itis like a sword. Whether a sword be
in the hands of a Benedict Arnold, bathed in his
country’s blood, or in the hands of a Washington,
wielded for justice and liberty, it is a sword only,
and has not a character. Whether it be an instru-
ment for good or evil depends upon the character
ofhim who holds the hilt, and not the sword itself.
So itis with money. It is an agent; itis a gigan-
tic motive power, that thunders around the world.
If the devil stands engineer, it thunders on,
freighted with untold mischief, scattering oppres-
sion and cruelty and wrong. But if it is guided
by the spirit of love and truth, it is like the sun,
shedding light and summer upon the world. Ttis
an angel of mercy and love, when directed by th
Spirit of Christ.—Beccher.
—$—$— SOO
Men’s lives should be like the days, more beau-
tifal in the evening; or, like the season, aglow
with promise, and the autumn rich with golden
sheaves, where good words and deeds have ripened
on the field.
THE SUNSET ISLE.
Wnex the sun is setting golden,
Setting crimson in the Wost,
Staining all the sky around him,
Purple, ruby, amethyst;
When his glories burn so brightly,
Ere he vanishes from sight,
‘That the forest stands transfigured
In the splendor of the light.
Then I seek, with hurried footsteps,
Once again the river's side,
Gazing, with an eager longing,
Far across its glassy tide,
Where its waters, like a crescent,
Curving far into the land,
Seem to meet the blue above them,
Hiding all the further strand,
Rising slowly from its bosom,
Gleaming rosy through the mist,
Lies a tree-embowered jaland,
Which the parting sun has kissed ;
Graceful forms are Axting lightly
‘Neath the ever-waving trees;
Liquid tones of sweetest music
Flutter to me on the breeze,
And they call to me in accents
Ihave heard in days of yore,
Ere they sought the spirit mansions,
Ere they preesed the spirit shore;
And I still my pulse’s throbbing,
Lest I lose some precious word ;
And I chide the murm’ring waters,
By a passing zephyr stirred,
And they beckon to me fondly,
Beckon each with shining hand;
But the foot of living mortal
May not press that mystic strand.
When the orimson deepens purple,
And the purple turns to gray,
Then the white mist gathers thickly,
And the island fades away.
Never eyes but mine have aeen it,
Neyer ears but mine have heard
‘Those soft tones whose liquid music
Living memories have atirred,
And my heart has been kept tender,
Softened by the holy smile
Of the angel ones at evening
Gathered on the Sunset Isle,
[Burlington (Vt) Free Prese,
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
IMMORTALITY,
Tue heavens and the earth are the works of
Omnipotence, and they are worthy of Gop. Thou,
too, O! man, art the work of his hand, and shalt
thou be unworthy? Was not the earth made for
man, and not man for the earth? If the former,
then man is the superior, and earth is made sub-
servient to his wants, and if the earth, in allits
beauty, its glory, its exalted grandeur, is a mere
footstool for the creature man, how superior must
he be. How near must he approach to Deity, and
what brings him nearer than immortality? Are
all the wonderful powers of his mind to be wasted
in one short life, and then sink into insignificance,
the creature of a day, like the feeble insect of a
summer's sun? If so, what object hast thou in
life? ‘Let us eat, drink, and be merry, for to-
morrow we die?” Is this poor life so full of sor-
row, disappointment, and blighted hopes,—to-day,
fraught with bliss and brightest prospects, to-
morrow filled with crushed and bleeding hearts,—
is life like this, the whole of our existence? No,
we know itis not so. Often as we have gazed on
the glories of departing day, have we longed for
purity of heart, and freedom from sin—longed for
a time when we should bask in the sunshine of
eternal peace. Those feelings and sensations of
the soul, struggling in vain for utterance through
the coarser fabric of human nature, are proofs of
immortality. I know and thank Gop that there
is a time when I shall put off this mortal part,—
that my existence is not temporal, but eternal,—
my soul shall rise on wings of immortality, and
soar unrestrained through the regions of thought,
to fathom eternity. Yes, man thou art immortal.
Thou hast been:created “ only a little lower than
the angels, and crowned with glory and honor."’
Piffard, N. Y., 1859. dane E. Hiasr.
Gorxe Home.— Going home!” Is it so, be-
reaved Christian? Then let us comfort one another
with these words. We may weep beside the graves
which are hallowed to the memory of the departed,
but the sunshine of heaven shall illumine our tears,
and bring a rainbow of promise over our hearts.
True, our friends cannot return to us—but ob,
blessed thought! we shall go to them; nay, we
are already going to them. We have set out on
the journey which is to bring us where they now
dwell; and ere long we shall be clasped in their
embrace, and gladdened by their concern, Eager-
ly they await our arrival, for the joy is incomplete
without us; and as we think of the glad meeting
which will restore us to each other, and banish in
a moment the pain of past separation, the distance
between us seems to lessen, and we say to our-
selves,—‘‘Patience, sad heart; bear up a little
longer; we shall be at home presently.”—Zife’s
Morning.
——+e+____
In Seance or 4 Pasror.—A Congregationalist
pastor, in Connecticut, made a hard hit at certain
tendencies, in more than one Christian denomina-
tion, in saying that “when a pulpit was vacant
now-a-days, the chirch generally appointed a com-
mittee to go and make inquiry of some Theological
Professor, or of some other eminent divine, for a
suitable candidate, The first question about him
usually was, Is he a popular man? The second,
Ishe a good speaker? Third, Is he social and
easy in his manner? Fourth, Is he a man of de-
cided talents? Fifth, Can he live on a small
salary? And then, a8 the committee was about
taking leave, with hat in hand, and one foot over
the door sill, it is sometimes added—‘ he's a man
of piety, we suppose.’”
Che Reviewer.
Gorn-Fort.—Hammered from Popular Proverbs. By
‘TimoTuY Trrcomn, anthor of * Letters to the Young.”
16mo.-pp. 855) New York: Onaries Scribner.
Lochester -Stezte, Avanr & Co,
Ovex the nom de plume of Truorny Trrcoms, Dr.
J. G. Houtann, of the Springfleld Bepublican, has
heretofore attained bigh rank aod usefulness in the
field of Literature—especlally in bis ablo, instractive
and popular “Letters to Young Men”—and “ Gold-
Foil” confirms bis repotation as « writer of rare ability
and origtoality of thought #04 expression, “ Gold-
Foil” ja a bouschold book of the right stamp and
tendency, and will continue to impart moral and im-
pressive lessons long after the great mass of tempora-
rily-popular works of the day shall be forgotien. Rich
in entertainment and Instruction, and exhibiting the
beat fratis of culture, observation and experience, it is
jn thought and finish no work of sterling merit—its
earnest and genial style, sound philosopby and bigh
moral tone appealing saccessfally to the bead and heart
of the sppreclative and {ntelligent reader. This is
strovg language, we admit, but “Gold-Foil” is not «
common book, and merits unusual commendation. It
is tested fn the best style of the enterprising publisher
whose Imprint it beara.
— To sustain the opinion aboye expressed In regard
“Gold-Poll” we append afew extracts from its pages,
though it is difficult to segregate paragraphs from chap-
ters and subjects which we should bo glad to copy entire:
Exordial Remarks,
A vew months ago, the pen that traces these
lines commenced a series of letters to the young.
The letters accumulated, and grew into a book;
and this book, with honest aims and modest pre-
tensions, has a place to-day in many thousand
homes, while it has been read by hundreds of
thousands of men and women in every part of the
country. More and better than this, it has become
an inspiring, moving and directing power in a
great aggregate of young life. J say this with
that kind of gladness and gratitude which admits
of little pride. I say it because it bas been said to
me—revealed to me in letters brimming with
thankfulness and overflowing with friendliness;
expressed to me in silent pressures of the baod—
pressures so full of meaning that I involuntarily
looked at my palm to see if a jewel had not been
left in it; uttered tome by eyes full of interest and
pleasure; told to me in plain and homely words
in the presence of tears that came unbidden, like
go many angels sliding silently out of heaven, to
vouch for their honesty. To say that all this
makes me happy, would not be to say all that I
feel, I account the honor of occupying a pure
place in the popular heart—of being welcomed in
God's name into the affectionate confidence of
those for whom life has high meanings and high
issues—of being recognized as among the benefi-
cent forces of society—the greatest honor to be
worked for and won under the stars. So much
for that which is past, and that which is.
And now, I would have the old love renewed.
I would come to the hearts to which the letters
have given me access with another gift—with food
for appetites quickened and natures craving fur-
ther inspiration. I would bring new thoughts to
be incorporated into individual and social life,
which shall strengthen their vital processes, and
add totheirgrowth, I would continue and perpet-
uate the communion of my own with the popular
heart. To do this successfully, I know that I
must draw directly upon the world’s experience,
and upon the results of my own individual think-
ing, acting, living. I know that no truth can be
uttered by a soul that bas not realized it in some
way with hope to be heard, Perceptive wisdom
that has not been vivified by life has in itself no
affinity for life.
Trust.
Everytsine good in a man thrives best when
properly recognized. Men do about what we ex-
pectofthem. If aman with whom I have business
relations perceives that I expect him to cheat me if
hecan, he willcommonly doit. If, onthe contrary,
he sees that I place implicit faith in his honor—that
I trust him—everything good in the man springs
into life, and demands that that trust be honored.
The sordid elements of his character may possibly
triampb, but they will triumph by a struggle
which will weaken them, If [ am unwilling to
trust my son or my daughter out of my sight, I
may reasonably expect to plant and nourish in
them precisely those qualities which would make
it dangerous for them to be out of my sight. If I
refuse to trust the word of an honest man, I may
reasonably expect that with me, at least, he will
break faith at the earliest opportunity. IfI place
all men and women at arm's length, in the fear
that one of them will be treacherous to me, I place
myself beyond the desert of good treatment at their
hands—beyond the reach of their sympathies and
their good will—in short, I insult them, and volua-
tarily institute an antagonism which naturally
breeds mischief in them toward me. So I advo-
cate the policy of universal faith, as an essential
condition of universal faithfulness—of universal
trust as a pre-requisite for universal trustworthi-
ness. The world does not half comprehend the
principle of overcoming evil with good, but clings
to the infernal policy of overcoming evil with evil.
I know of no power in the world but good, with
which to overcome evil; and when I seeon every
side exhibitions of a lack of personal honor, I
know that I can foster the honor that remains in
no way except by recognizing it and calling it into
development by direct practical appeal.
Labor.
Homanrrr is constitutionally lazy. Ihave yet
to see the first child take naturally to steady work,
or the first young man look forward with no desire
to an age of ease, There are multitudes of men
who loye work, but they have learned to love it,
and have learned that they are made troly happier
by it. We are all looking forward to some golden
hour when we may “retire from business,” read
the newspapers at leisure, drive a pair of steady
bay horses, walk to the post-office with a well-fed
belly and a gold-headed cane, and be free. Ido
not believe that any man ever became thoroughly
industrions, saye under the impulsion of motives
outside of the attractions of labor. We labor, be-
cnuse itis necessary for us to labor for sustenance,
or to achieve an object of ambition, or because idle-
ness is felt to be a greater evil than labor. The
number of potatoes anearthed in the world “for
the fun of it,” would not feed a flockofsheep. In
fact, I believe that God made us lazy for a pur-
pose. He did not intend that we should have any-
thing but and water costless. If labor were a
pleasure, we should have really to pay fornothing,
and, as a consequence, we should prize nothing
that we have. Ali values bave their basis in cost,
and labor is the first cost of everything on which
we seta price. But labor bas a higher end than
this, and I will try to reveal it.
Patience,
Ir there be one attribute of the Deity that aston-
ishes me more than another, it is the attribute of
patience. The Great Soul that sits on the throne
of the universe is not, never was, and never will
be,in a hurry. In the realmof nature, everything
has been wrought out in the august consciousness
of infinite leisure; aad I bless God for that geology
which gives me a key to the patience in which the
creative process was effected. Man has buta brief
history. A line of nineteen old men, centenarians,
would, if they were to join hands, clasp the hand
of Christ; and the sixtieth of such a line would
tell us that his name is Adam, and that he does
not know who his mother was. Yet this wonder-
ful earth, unquestionably constructed with refer-
ence to the accommodation of our race, was begun
so long ago that none but fools undertake to reckon
its age by the measurement of years. Ah! what
baths of fire and floods of water; whatearthquakes,
eruptions, upheavals and storms; what rise and
fall of vegetable and animal dispensations; what
melting and moulding and combining of elements,
have been patiently gone through with, to fit up
this dwelling place of man! When I look back
upon the misty surface of the dimly retiring ages—
the smoking track over which the train of oreative
change has swept—it fades until the sky ef the
past entirely shuts down upon the vision; andI
only know that far beyond that point—infinitely
far—that train commenced its progress, and that,
even then, God only opened his hand to give flight
fo a thought that He had held imprisoned from
eternity !
Youth.
Our life's ideal is always filled with the blood
and breath of youth. Our finest conceptions of
human beauty evermore embrace youth as their
prime element. Strength, enthusiasm, hope,
purity, love,—all these, when combined and em-
bodied in their most attractive forms, rise in our
imagipations as youthfu! attributes. So true is
this, tbat in looking forward to the day when the
dust of those who have gone before us to the land
of spirits shall rise, and assume the forms they are
to wear in the celestial city, there springs up al-
Ways 8 vision of their youth. We expect to meet
the tottering father whose eyes we closed, and
whose wasted and feeble limbs we composed, as
young, and fresh, and strong as when he bore us
to the baptismal font. There are to be no thin,
Silvery curls upon the brow of the mother, but in
some sweet way, all the hallowed graces of mater-
nity and the unfathomable tenderness of a soul
disciplined by sorrow are to be associated—inter-
fused—with the beauty and the youth of the bride,
Immortality —twin-sister of Eternity —is always
young, and brings no thought of age and decay.
An angel witha wrinkle? A cherub with a feeble
ora weary wing? We cannot imagine such be-
ings. Heaven and everlasting youth are insepa-
rable thoughts.
What we Love,
Wuens the treasure is, there will the heart be
also—the heart with all its manifestations of love,
devotion, charity, and honor. I know of no good
reason why the earth should differ essentially from
heaven—why men may not so identify themselves
with their highest treasures here that they will
partake of the home feeling of those who walk io
white upon the banks of the river of life—why
they may not feel with relation to God and that
which is most precious to Him—His children, His
realm, His heayen—as they do toward their earth-
ly father, the paternal mansion, and the brothers
and sisters that cluster there.
An Aspiration.
Give us an age of gallant, chivalrous Christi-
anity—of men who maintain the honor of their
Father's house. Give us an age that shall enlist
the respect of all who respect earnestness and
honor, Give us an age that shall appreciate that
which itis fighting for, and will not crawl before the
inferior and infernal powers that make war upon
the threne. Give us on age in which Christians
will fight for and stand by one another, and not
fight against one another. Give us an age in which
Christian manhood shall assertitself as the highest
earthly thing and the noblestearthly estate. Give
us an age that, instead of whining and groaning
under the truth, shall rejoice in the truth. Give
us an age which, lifted into identity with its
highest possessions, shall be made by those posses-
sions patient, pure, heroic, and honorable. Give
us the blessed thousand years!
Sanpens’ Awatysis or Exorisn Worns,— Designed
for the Higher Classes in Schools and Academies,
By Cuas. W. Sanpres, A. M, author of “A Series
of School Readors,” “Speller, Definer, and Analy-
sis,” Elecutionary Char.” (16mo.—pp, 240.) New
York: Ivison & Phinney,
Tus Analysis is similar in plan to “The Young
Analyzer” and “Tbe Analytical Manual,” works
presented to the public by Jauzs N. MoExuigorr, LL.
D,, and the design is to teach the analysis of those
derivative and compound words in our Janguage which
have been taken from the Greek and Latin. Section
first is devoted to an explanation of derivative and
compound words, Then follow rules for spelling,
explanations of the prefixes, observations and exer-
cises illustrating their use; derivatives made opposite
in meaning by means of prefixes; denvatives formed
by means of prefixes; explanations of the suffixes, with
observations and exercises illustrating their use; radi-
cals and derivatives defining each other; radicals and
derivatives opposite in meaning; radicals combined
with 4 yarloty of suffixes; compound words and mis-
cellancons derivatives and compounds—the whole
Presented ina simple and comprehensive form. For
sale by Apaus & Danner,
2S See
Ir is worthy of notice, that, while second
thoughts are best in matters of judgment, first
thoughts are always to be preferred in matters
that relate to morality.— Rush,
WOMAN WITH WATER-SKIN — TURKISH SOLDIER —ARAB SPINNING.
Tue present year we have given several illustra-
tions showing the present manners and customs
in Palestine, illustrative of the Holy Scriptures.
With one more number we shall close the series.
The engraving above shows the dress and general
appearance of the Turkish soldier, the primitive
style of Spinning, still commou among the Arabs,
and the Water Skins, or Bottles, to which allusion
is so frequently made in the Bible.
Mrs. Jonnson says, “the use of these still pre-
vails extensively throughout the East, and altho’
earthen jugs are also used, the former are greatly
preferred, and much more common, They are
made of the skin of a goat or a sheep, and are so
slightly mutilated by preparation for use, that
they retain almost the exact shape of the animal
from which they were made, They are hung on
the back of a donkey, or more frequently a woman,
and, haying been filled with water, thousands are
carried daily to the city. Abraham provided
Hagar with a bottle of water on sending her to the
desert; but, properly rendered, might it not be
water-skin ? They are sometimes regularly tanned
into leather. This was no doubt the material of
the wine-bottles of the Gibeonitish spies, who
‘did work wilily, and went and made as if they
had been ambassadors, and took old sacks upon
their asses, and wine-bottles old and rent, bound
up.’ These bottles, from constant use, become
rent, and when mended and patched give full
proof of good service and ancient date. Hence, to
put new wine in these old bottles would be utter
folly, for the process of fermentation would cause
them to ‘break through,’ which would not be the
case while new and flexible.
“Our camping ground being very near the well
that supplies the village with water, I often met
the village maidens there, who repaired thither to
fill their jugs. Their usual time for drawing
water is just before nightfall, and the office is al-
ways performed by the women, as in the days of
the Patriarchs; for we read that Eleazar, whom
Abraham had sent to obtain a wife for Isaac, made
his camels to kneel down without the city by a
well of water at the fime of the evening, even the
time that women go out to draw water. And
Rebekah, the very maiden whom he sought, ‘came
out with her pitcher upon her shoulder, and she
went down to the well and filled her pitcher and
came up.’ How often have I called upon fancy
to imagine the retreating form of a Fellabab, with
a vessel on her head or shoulder, and decorated
with bracelets and ear-rings, to be the veritable
Rebekah of old!
“A stone trough is generally placed near the
well, from which cattle are watered, and around
ita flock of goats or sheep is usually gathered, as
in the days of Jacob, who beheld a well in the field,
and ‘three flocks of sheep lying by it.’ And in
another particular they agree with the wells of the
days of the Patriarchs, in having the mouth cover-
ed with a large stone of great weight, requiring
the strength of two men sometimes to move it.
The usual method of drawing water is with a jug
or leathern bucket, let down by a rope tied to its
mouth; and when the well has been long in use,
deep incisions are made by the ropein the topmost
lying stones. This method was no doubt referred
to by the woman at the Well of Samaria, when
she said, ‘The well is deep, and I haye nothing
to draw with.’ Itis also seen from Gen. xxrx. 8,
that the present manner of covering the well is the
same as that which made it necessary for Rachel
to require the greater strength of Jacob to roll the
stone away, when she came to water the flocks of
her father.” —Zadji in Syria,
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
WEYER'S CAVE.—NO. Il.
Descenpina a flight of steps, we enter Washing-
ton Hall, the largest and most regular apartment
in the cave. We turn aside, however, at the
entrance, to visit the Theatre, a room in which
the walls are thought to resemble a stage, pit
and gallery. A small room at the side is called
the Green Room. Returning to the Hall our
attention is called to the beautiful masses of spar
andcrystals which stud the roof and walls, and
to the formations which are scattered about in
every variety of grouping. A group of three
stalagmites standing not far from the entrance
has been called the Crucifixion. About the centre
of the Hall rises a statue seven feet in height, and
covered with elaborately-wrought drapery. It is
difficult to conceive a more perfect imitation of
art,—under the imperfect light of the candles,
the creamy hue of the stone, the flowing folds of
the drapery, the regular features, all contribute
to the illusion, and it is almost impossible not to
believe that it has received the finishing touches
of the sculptor’s chisel,—this is Washington's
Statue.
At your right rise two immense masses of rock,
one of which is named the Rock of Gibraltar, and
in the narrow passage between them—the Strait
of Gibraltar—a tapering formation is denomina-
ted, without much regard to geography, the Pyra-
mids of Egypt. Pompey’s Pillar, Cleopatra's
Needle, Julius Cesar and Mark Antony are found
atthe further end of the Hall. This apartment
is of uniform breadth and height, and perfectly
straight from one end to the other. Its length is
257 feet.
Adjoining this Hall is Lady Washington's Room.
Here, an oval sheet of stalactite, about three feet
in diameter, resembles, in shape and position, an
old-fashioned toilet mirror. It leans from the
wall about a foot at the top, and touching it at the
bottom, forms the best “‘angle of reflection” for
the toilet, Near the mirror is the toilet table,
hung with folds of snowy drapery. A little room
ip the side wall is called the kitchen.
Jackson’s Room, named in honor of the Presi-
dent, contains nothing particularly noticeable.
At the entrance of the Diamond Room is a large
rock, some distance from the floor, covered with
clear and perfect crystals. It is called the Dia-
mond Bank, and as the guide, by means of a long
pole, passes his lantern over it, ten thousand
jewels flash back its rays with dazzling brilliancy.
It is sometimes called the Fire-flies, a name more
descriptive of its appearance, but no words can
give any idea of its glittering beauty,
Next in the main path is the Church. Here is
the Organ, composed of a number of perpendicu-
lar stalactites, varying in size, and giving out
musical tones, when struck, corresponding to the
scale of notes. The Vestry and the Choir are on
opposite sides of the room, and almost between
them patriotism has assigned a pew to La Faverre,
Above the Choir rises a spiral column of snowy
whiteness, called the Steeple. It is forty feet in
height and exquisitely beautiful. The resem-
blance, however, is not very striking. It rather
resembles an old-fashioned back-comb, of enor-
mous size and elaborate workmanship, over which
is thrown in careless folds a heavily-wrought
white veil.
A high and inaccessible rock, called Mont Blanc,
guards the entrance to the Garden of Eden. Here,
in a recess, we find Adam and Eve's Bed-chamber,
and near by, numerous stalactites depending from
the reof meet the stalagmites below, and form the
curious figure known as the Banian Tree.
We now enter the Dining Room, a long aisle
ninety feet in height, furnished with a dining
table and other dining conveniences. Just beyond
this room is a ledge of rock from twenty to forty
feet in height, which may be easily surmounted,
and from which an excellent view may be obtained.
It is called the Giant’s Causeway. Upon its edge
are several stalagmites, ‘so grouped as to suggest
the idea of sentinels watching in silent patience
through the everlasting night.” The guide in-
forms us that these are Naroveon and his soldiers
crossing the Alps, A rough and narrow passage,
called the Wilderness, brings us to Jefferson's
Room. Here are curiosities in abundance,
The Half Moonis an oval stalactite of the purest
white, resembling the rising or setting moon, and
shown off to advantage by being placed against a
wall of dull brown. A couple of statue-like stal-
agmites standing near, bear the names of Minerva
and her Shield, and Niobe in tears. The Ladies’
Toilet and the Gentlemen's Toilet are at the fur-
ther extremity of the room. On the other side is
4 beautiful recess called the Gothic Temple.
Here is a spring of fine water, at which the com-
pany stop to drink. Berta Mortimer.
Newark, N. Y., 1559.
———_—__+e
Acnear aim in family discipline should be to
provide for each of the juveniles some line of
pursuit which will give them a sense of their
usefulness and necessity to the household. This
feeling properly instilled into their minds will
make them members of society valuable to others
and happy in themselves. The Creator, who
THE FAIRS.
Tue “Pairs” for another year are over. Both
Old and Young America have made another
annual bestowment of their tin upon &-tin-erant
showmen and peddlers, as also upon the numer-
ous proprietors of eatables and (sad to say, in too
many cases,) of drinkables, candy boys and all the
other various money-taking enterprises with which
people are constantly beset at such Places of gath-
ering. Isaid money-takiog: any doubts in that
quarter might speedily be dissipated by consider-
ing the empty state of many previously well-filled
purses, some of whose owners, after having spent
the day and their money in gratifying their appe-
tites, instead of observing fine cattle and sheep, —
return home in the firm belief that Fuirs are
humbug; that is, all but the pulling at the purse
strings! But these evils (if we may so call them,)
are but the necessary attendants dpon the “ Fair,”
and due submission must be exercised, or rather
one must be proof against them in order to fully
carry out the original design of Fairs, viz., the
display of products of industry for the notice and
observation of the public.
Fairs (or Agricultural Bxbibitions, as bas been
shown to be the proper term,) would now-a-days
seem to have become a popular institution; a not
unnatural conclusion when we consider theirnum-
ber and the crowds that throng to them. They
are the center of attraction to the youth in general
and the Farmer’s Boys in particular, with which
latter class it may be considered the chief holiday;
and such being the case, they of course should be
allowed to attend; and they generally are, but
there are left about the country some farmers,
relics of antiquity, who refuse to let their sons or
their families attend the Fairs from an unfounded
prejudice thereto. They class them with mowers
and reapers, and new-fangled and worthless no-
tions. Such men are brethren to tie man who
did'nt take the papers, and who still supposed
Joun Tyxer to be President, Of course it cannot
be expected that the boys will profit very largely
by the various improvements exhibited, though
the more observing ones will do so, Yet, sucha
day of pleasure is necessary, as a change from the
unceasing labor of the farm; and if they do spend
a little money and appear to have derived no sub-
stantial benefit, it will be found in the end that
good will result. c.
Livonia, N, Y., 1859.
CELERY, KOHL-RABI, PEARS, &c,
I mv got into trouble, and do not know any one as
able as you to help me out, Ishould like to know the
best time to transplant asparagus and rhubarb —If in
the fail, ta it too fate? How large should celery be
before you begin to earth up? I bave a few, but think
they are small. If they are too emall, could I keep
them over winter, and then set them out and they be
good? Do they obtain cauliflower seed tbe same wa)
as cabbage? What time should I sow kobl-rabi. t
bave quite a number of small cautiflowers, olgnteen
inches to two feet hizh—what oan Ldowith them? My
large ones are three or four feet high. Where can
applic maton eced be obtained, and what price? Please
give a liet of six or twelve of the best varieties of pears
for the Central part of [linots. and the best preparation
for rich, black prairie loam. By answering these qies-
tions you will confer a great favor on one friend aud
subscriber, and perhaps many,
Princeville, Peoria Co,, Ill.
Asparagus may be transplanted, and bedsformed
either in the autumn or spring, and Rhubarb the
same, though we would prefer the fall for either,
when convenient. Celery may be earthed up a
little, sufficient to keep the leaves erect after they
begin to grow after transplanting, and have made
a few inches of growth. The main earthing up
for blanching should not be done until the latter
part of September or the beginning of October.
Celery plants kept over the winter are worthless.
Cauliflower seed is obtained just like cabbage
seed. Plants that have not headed may be placed
in the cellur before heavy frost, the roots in o little
earth, and many of them will grow good heads,
Kohl-rabi seed should be sown early in # nice bed,
like cabbage seed, and transplanted to the field or
garden when about six inches in height, The
Apple Melon seed, we judge, can now be obtained
of most of the seedsmen at moderate prices.
Prairie soil, as a-general thing, needs draining,
and if a little clay could be added all the better.
Piont in o high and dry location. Among the
hardiest pears for the West, are Flemish Beauty,
Buffum, Columbia, Dix, Winter Nelis, Fulton,
Lawrence, Osband’s Summer, Oswego Beurre,
Stevens’ Genesee, and Onondaga.
Youno Runartst,
PIE PLANT, PROPAGATING SCIONS, &o.
Daw a reader of the Rusar New-Youkre, and am
anxious for a litte information through its columns, If
you will please auawer the following inquiries, you will
confer a great favor upon & young farmer:
Ist, What is the best way to propagate rhubarb or
Plo Plant! ye propagated successfully from seed ?
Qd. Willthe kind produced from the seed be the same
‘as that which produced the seed ?
4th. Can scions and cuttings bo preserved properly
in moss, if kept in a cellar?
Bo, Onondaga, N. ¥., 1859. AM. W,
1st, 2d, 3d. Take up the large plants and divide
the roots, leaving only one crown to each part,
which will grow a new and strong plant in one
season, and may soon be divided again, Rhubarb
can be easily grown from seed. Sow itin a deep,
mellow bed, and keep the ground clean, after the
plants come up. After making one summer's
growth they may be transplanted. A plant raised
from seed may not be like the parent plant in
makes nothing in vain, does not in vain send
human beings into the world if only they would
find their places and fill them. Idle men and
women are the bane of any community. They
are not simply clogs upon society, but become,
sooner or later, the causes of its crime and poverty,
its folly and extravagance. In plain old English,
every family motto should read:—“ Besomebody ;
dosomething; bear yourownload.”—Philadelphia
American,
hardly any respect, or it may be very close in its
likeness. In raising a bundred plants from seed
you would have, most likely, a great variety a3 to
appearance and quality—some worthless, some
fair, and some very good, 4th. Scionsmay be kept
in acellar in dry sand, They should be kept as
cool as possible without freezing, 80 48 not to start
the buds, and as dry as possible, so that they will
not mildew or rot, without causing the bark to
shrivel.
_ MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER FOR 1860.
EXTRA INDUCEMENTS
10 AGENTS AND ALL WHO FORM CLUBS BARLY.
In addition to o copies offered according to
our Terma, ele tees of the One Houn-
Dnep Pexsoxs tie first ists of Tumty or
more Yearly Subi ers to the Rowan after this
date (remétling payment at our club rate—$i 25
por copy,) 4 vound volume of the Runau for either
1858 or 1869, price $3,— on $2 in Ag. Books, post-paid.
To sacu of the ONE Huxpren Pensons sending the
firat lists of Tex or Frrveen Yearly Subscribers as
‘above, remitting payment according to our terms,
we will give either another extra copy of the RURAL,
on $150 in Ag. Books, post-paid, on « Gross of the
Washington Medallion Pens, post-paid, as preferred.
Still More Liberal!—Jn anpition fo any extra
copies or Gratuities to which persons may ve entitled
Srom the above offers, we will give an unbound but
perfect Copy of the Tenth Volume of the Rurau(for
1859) to EVERY ONX who remits (previous to Christmas
Day, 1859,) either 85 for $ copies, $10 for 6, $15 for 10,
$21 for 15, or $25 for 20 copies. [B~ Finally, in
ADDITION to what ts abore offered, we will give tozacn
of the Twenty Pensons remitting payment for the
first Usts of Seventy-Five or more Yearly Sub-
sorivers after this date, a Copy of WEBSTER'S
UNABRIDGED DICTIONARY —New Pictorial
Edition, containing 1,500 Illustrations,—
[Orewn Quarto—1,100 pages.)
LF For New Club Terms, ho. see last page.
ROCHESTER, N. Y., NOVEMBER 19, 1859.
NOTICE AND REQUEST,
Havre concluded to mail the Eleventh Volume of
the Ruzat New-Yorser by a new Patent Machine
Process, it becomes important to receive a great
Portion of the list of Subscribers for 1860 at the earlicst
possible moment, To secure this result,—and also as
an inducement for the friends of the Ruzat to make
early efforts to 1NoREAsE its circulation,—we offer
above (and in a circular mailed to Local Club Agents,
&o,,) some extra inducements for clubbing. The new
system of mailing by printing is regarded as a vast
_ improvement in both accuracy and speed, and we
trust every Club Agent, or person disposed to act as
such, will aid us in successfully inaugurating it by
sending in lists as early and fast as convenient, And
if our friends generally will renew their subscriptions
at an early day, they will greatly facilitate the
accomplishment of our object. It will require con-
siderable time, labor and’ expense to adopt the new
system, but when once in operation we think every
. subscriber will regard tho change as a decided mani
~ festation of “ Progress and Improvement,”
e-—_______
DOMESTIC NEWS.
i.
| Matters at Washington.
— Revianve information just receiyed from Utah,
states that Judges Sinclair and Cradlebaugh are
on their way to Washington, Mr. Hartnett, Sec-
retary of the Territory, arrived on the 9th inst. It
appears that there continues to be frequent mur-
ders and assassinations, but no arrests, as the
Mormons systematically obstruct the course of
justice.= The opinion prevails among all the Gen-
tiles, that the courts will be useless unless Govern-
ment changes its policy. General Johnston is so
governed by his instructions that he cannot afford
the necessary protection. The continuance of the
army at Camp Floyd only serves to add to the
prosperity of the Mormons by means of the large
Sums of money spent in the Territory for supplies.
The N, Y. Times Washington correspondent
says, Secretary Floyd has just completed his esti-
mates for the ensuing fiscal year. They are less
by $1,500,000 than those of last year, and half a
million Jess than the appropriation for the actual
Year,
The N. Y. Tribune's Washington correspondent
says, the Post-Master General will ask about $10,-
000,000 for mail service the next fiscal year, —the
increase being made necessary by the overland
and other routes established before he entered
upon the duties of his office, *
While the Cabinet were in session on the 8th
inst., the President received a dispatch showing
the* pressing necessity for military assistance at
Brownsville. The Secretary of Wor within half
an hour thereafter, issued instructions to Capt.
Pickett, commanding the artillery company at
Baton Rouge, to place his men in readiness for
amarch, while at the same time the Quartermaster
at New Orleans was telegraphed to make arrange-
ments for transporting the troops to Point Isabel,
towards which place they are now probably on
their way. J. B, Thomas, the special delegate
from Brownsyille, had an interview with the Sec-
retary of War, and fully explained to him the
alarming condition of the frontier of the Rio
Grande.
The receipts into the Treasury last week were
$891,000. A reduction from the amount on hand
in the previous week of nearly $125,000. Amount
Subject to draft $4,141,000.
Personal and Political.
_ dons Mircnext, who is now in Paris, has com-
meneed 4 series of letters in a Dublin paper,called
the Irishman (similar in its politics and designs to
the Nation,) in which his object is to suggest to
the Irish peasantry that France will soon be at
war with England in the Mediterranean, and that
the opportunity will then have arrived for in-
ducing the Emperor Napoleon to invade Treland,
Dorrxo the past week the telegray
the melancholy intelligence of ‘he cee
Gerrit Smith, and his removal to the Insane
, Asylum. A person writing from Utica to the
Albany Argue says:—‘‘Gerrit Smith was brought
“to our Asylum yesterday, and is quite deranged,
——————— See ee ye 3G
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
intellectually and morally; and he is also feeble
physically, He refused to take an anodyne,
alleging that they only wanted to put him to
sleep for the purpose of boxing him up and taking
him to Virginia, When informed that be must
take it, voluntarily or by compulsion, he opened
the door and sereamed (into the hall) I protest !—
He then took it.”
The case is a melanchely one, and itis only
with emotions of deep regret that we ean chron-
icle the obscuration of an intellect so brilliant yet
of such uncertain light.
Tue Republican majority on joint ballot in the
Ohio Legislature is 27.
New Jensey.—Returns from New Jersey indi-
cate the election of Olden, Republican candidate
for Governor, by about 2,000 majority. Senate—
12 Democrats, 8 Opposition and 1 American
elected. J/ouse—29 Democrats, 28 Opposition
and 8 Americans chosen.
Massacuvserts.—Returns from nearly the whole
State give Banks Rep., mojority of upwards of
9,000 in the whole vote. His plurality over
Butler, Dem., is upwards of 23,000. Senate
stands 84 Rep., 4 Dem, 2 doubtful. House 182
Rep., 50 Dem., and 4 Opposition. The entire
Republican State ticket is elected. ¥
Mississirp1.—A special dispatch to the Charles-
ton Courier from New Orleans, states that the
Mississippi Legislature organized on Tuesday, by
electing Mr. Drone President of the Senate, and
Mr, Campbell Speaker of the House. The Gov-
ernor’s inauguration will take place on the 21st.
Wisconsix.—The returns from Wisconsin are
yet incomplete. The Milwaukee Sentinel of the
10th says that those already received confirm the
opinion that the entire Republican State Ticket is
elected by a handsome majority, and that the
Republicans are in the ascendant in the State
Legislature.
Lovistana.—The Democratic State Ticket is
reported to be elected. Slidell, Democrat, and
Bouligney, American, are elected to Congress.
In New Orleans the American ticket was tri-
umphant by about 2,500 majority. Nineteen out
out of the twenty-three city Representatives, and
ail three of the Senators, are Americans.
New Yorx.—The election in this State passed
off very quietly, The vote was exceedingly light.
That portion of the Republican Ticket which
received the endorsement of the American Con-
yention, was chosen by a large majority—25,000 is
the amount claimed—while the remaing portion is
stillindoubt. The Republicans claim the entire
ticket—figuring a small majority upon those who
received only strict party support. The position
this morning (Mouday,) is:
Leavenworth, Republican 46,041
Jones, Dem, and Amer, 44,817
Leavenworth over Jone: 17724
The Senate, (on reported majorities,) stands as
follows:
- 8
soneee me ares yo
the result
is thus reported:
Republicans,
Democrats, F acces
To hear from........ 6
The Justices of the Supreme Court chosen are:
William H. Leonard, W. W. Scrugham, Rufus
W. Peckham, Democrats; Augustus Bockes,
Le Roy Morgan, John M. Parker, Addison T.
Knox, Martin Grover, Republicans, Democrats,
8; Republicans, 5. It is thought that the Official
Canvass will be necessary to settle the political
complexion of a portion of the State ticket.
Kansas.—Parrot’s méjority for delegate from
Kansas, will probably reach 8,000. The Republi-
cans haye a majority in both branches of the
Legislature.
News Paragraphs.
A tate Utah City paper mentions the arrival of
a company of European Saints who came in fifty-
six wagons, and numbered about four hundred
souls, mostly from Scandinavia, There were six
deaths and three births on their journey of three
months through the country.
Tue California Annual Conference of the M, E.
Church, at their session in September, passed
resolutions requesting the next General Confer-
ence to provide for the residence of a Bishop on
the Pacific coast.
A stupenr in the University of Virginia, writing
from that institution, states that “no vestige of
the marble slab that designated the last resting
place of the author of the Declaration of Indepen-
dence,” remains to mark the spot. The visitors to
his tomb, by chipping off fragments, have com-
pletely demolished it, and by piecemeal carried it
away. An uncouth granite pedestal, greatly dis-
figured, alone remains to mark his grave,
Aw anonymous advertisement appears in the
Richmond Whig, offering $10,000 for the delivery
of Joshua R. Giddings in that city, or $5,000 for
his head.
A tetter was lately sent from Paris to New
York and a reply received back in Paris in three
weeks, four days and nine hours. The Vanderbilt
out and the Persia back were the mediums of trans-
mission.
Tr is stated that the New York snuff manufac-
turers employ hundreds of juveniles whose sole
business consists in collecting old stubs of cigars,
which are ground into snuff, and gold to customers,
Accorpina to a late census taken in Georgia, by
the State authorities, its population is about 1,050,-
000. In1850ithad 905,000. Increase innine years,
about 150,000.
Tr is stated as acurious fact in regard to persons
who are killed by an explosion of steam, that in
some cases, a few moments after the accident they
are apparently unhurt and are able to walk about
and conyerse, Where not begrimed by the smoke
and ashes, the peculiar bright, soft whiteness
of the face, hands, or breast, however, tells us
us at once that the skin, though unbroken, has in
fact been boiled by the steam, and they soon sink
from the result of their injuries. One man on the
Great Eastern, when assistance was proffered, said
quietly, ‘‘Tamallright. Others are worse than I;
go after them,” while at the moment, though walk-
ing about, the flesh of his thighs was burnt in
deep holes, and he was the very first to die.
In New Jersey the other dey a young couple
while courting by the fire fell asleep. While
asleep the young Jady’s dress took fire, As soon
as they awoke, the young man made every exertion
to extinguish the fire, but without success, The
young girl rushed out of the door enveloped ina
sheet of flame, which continued to burn until her
clothing was all consumed. She lived only a few
hours afterwards, The young man will probably
be crippled in the hands for life.
Tue disappointment concerning the Grent Rast-
ern’s visit has been a great injury to Portland,
says the Argus. Much has been expended in
Various ways in anticipation of her presence and
the crowd it would draw, which will be a partial or
total loss. It has also had the effect to delay and
embarrass business transactions.
Tue Clerk of the Cincinnati Probate Court the
other day issued a marriage license for the union
of a man of sixty with a buxom damsel of sixteen,
The old man, a rickety old chap, said the disparity
in their years was more than counterbalanced by
what he called the “unnsual amount of affection”
that existed between them.
Sows of the Iowa papers find fault with the
Governor's proclamation for aday of thanksgiving,
because in itis the assertion that the State has been
blessed with a plentiful harvest this year, whereas,
they say, every one knows that there was but half
a crop!
R. L. Davenronr, son of Lewis Davenport, of
Holyoke, Mass., suddenly disappeared from Weat-
field about three years ago, and nothing was known
ofhis whereabouts, A etter has just been received
by his father, announcing his death at Kurrachee
in the Scinde, India, It seems he joined an artil-
lery company of the English army in India, and
survived the late war to die a natural death,
Tse Requisiion ror Gernir Suiru.—During
the past week the telegraph has several times
announced, upon “ undoubted authority,” that
Goy. Wise had made a demand upon Governor
Morgan for the delivering of Gerrit Smith to
Virginia, A dispatch from Richmond, Va,, on
the 12th inst., states, ‘on the highest authority,
that no requisition has been made by Goy. Wise
on Goy. Morgan, of New York, for Gerrit Smith.”
Taanxscivina.—We find, by gathering the
proclamations together, says the Rochester Dem-
ocrat, that the good old Yankee observance of
Thanksgiving is to be honored this year in seven-
teen States onthe same day. The following are
the States that it will observe the day on the 24th
inst:—New York, North Carolina, Alabama,
South Carolina, Connecticut, New Hampshire,
Maine, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Kentneky,
Pennsylvania, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota,
Maryland, Ohio, and Kansas. Mrs. Sarah Jane
Hale, a well known literary lady, has been active-
ly interested in procuring the assent of the Goy-
ernors of the different States to the appointment
ofa uniform day of Thanksgiving. She proposes
that the last Thursday of November, shall be
made the regular day of National Thanksgiving,
and she has procured the assent of the Governors
of some of the above named States to that ar-
rangement.
Tue Insurrectionists.—Cook, Coppie, Green
and Copeland have been found guilty. Copeland
and Green are negroes, and the jury, under the
“Dred Scott decision,” did “not find them guilty
of treason, as they are not citizens, but of inciting
the slaves to insurrection, and murder in the first
degree.” When the prisoners were brought out
for sentence, the negroes Copeland and Green
declined to say anything. ook and Coppie both
addressed the Court, denying that they had any
knowledge of Brown’s intentions to seize the
Ferry, until the Sunday previous. They were
called on to take the oath of obedience to their
commander, They expected to be punished, but
did not think they would be hung.
The negroes are to be hung on the morning of
the 16th, and the whites on the afternoon of the
same day.
From Cavirornia.—The steamship Atlantic
from Aspinwall, the 20th ult., with 344 passen-
gers and $1,569,107 in treasure, arrived at New
York on the 10th inst. with California news.
Gen, Scott arrived at San Francisco on the 17th,
and received a flattering ovation from the people.
He left the next day for San Juan. The Saranac
had arrived at Aspinwall and San Juan del Norte,
with news that Rummels had really obtained a
contract with Nicaragua for opening the transit
route, The contract is for $50,000. No passenger
tax to be paid, the government receiving $15,000
per annum. The Harbor of the San Juan was
fast filling up.
Mexico.—The New Orleans Picayune speaking
ot Americans in that ill-fated Republic, says ;—
“We have seen our limited numbers robbed of
their property, and thinned by imprisonments,
banishments and assassinations, without exciting
any positive action at Washington. We have
witnessed the gradually increasing hatred and
cowardly animosity against us until an apparent
climax has been reached in the brutal assassina-
tion, and hanging afterwards, of one of our num-
ber, Mr. Chase, (as you doubtless already have in-
telligence,) to whom fame accords nothing but an
unblemished name,”
Frou Texas.—We have advices from Browns-
ville, to the 24th ult. Cardinas and his band still
continue their depredations, threatening the in-
habitants with fire and sword. On the 20th inst.,
thirty men entered and fired one round, when
they were dispersed by artillery and fled, On the
24th, and twenty men, with cannon and
howitzers, marched against Cardinas, and drove
the guard frem his house. Subsequently they
were surprised in an ambuscade, and lost acannon
and howitzer, and finally were entirely defeated,
with four men jyounded and one killed. Cardinas
lost two men, killed. Cardinas sent a letter de-
manding of the citizens of Brownsville that they
should surrender the Sheriff and others, to save
the city from destruction, A general paulo pre-
vailed at Brownsville, The city was barricaded
and trenches dug for defence. An attack was
hourly expected. It was reported that after sack-
ing Brownsville, Cardinas would attack Brazos,
The Mayor of Brownsyille appeals to New Orleans
for 100 men, as their own citizens are worn out,
and the rangers had not arrived from Mexico,—
Sixty felons released from the prison at Victoria
had joined the Guerilla band, and were devastating
the country,
FOREIGN NEWS,
Gnear Bairary.—The following is taken from
the Liverpool Daily Post of the 27th Oct:—"The
public will learn this morning, with overwhelming
grief, that the splendid vessel, the Royal Charter,
Was totally lost yesterday in Muffa Bay, near
Bangor. The melancholy intelligence was brief,
but only too true—out of the 465 persons on board,
only ten were saved. The Royal Charter had
about half million of gold when the disaster took
place, The telegraph had ceased to work, and so
destructive had been the storm slovg the coast
yesterday, that the Chester and Birkenhead Rail-
way bad been destroyed in many places. A’
Penmanaw, 20 of the dead bodies had been washed
ashore, The bay in which the catastrophe occur-
red, is two or three miles to the eastward of Puffin
Island, in Anglesea, and six or seven miles to the
northwest of Beaumarris, It has a shallow, sandy
beach for several miles, with promotories at each
end of the bay. The country around is wild, and
few houses are to be seen.”
Anotherheayy gale had been experienced on the
English coast, but no disasters to American ship-
ping had yet been reported.
The widow of Sir Robert Peel is dead.
France.—A letter purporting to have been
written by Napoleon to the King of Sardinia,
dated October 20th, has found its way into print.
There was some doubt of its authenticity, but it
was generally regarded as genuine. The Paris
correspondent of the London Times, who started
the letter, guarantees its authenticity,
The Emperor writes to the King to settle with
him the course which ought to be followed for the
future, The circumstances, he says, are grave,
and it is requisite to lay aside idle allusions. He
says that the question is not now, whether he has
done well or ill at Villa Franca, but rather to
obtain from the treaty the results most favorable
for the pacification of Italy, and the repose of
Europe. Itis necessary to conclude a treaty that
shall secure in the best manner possible the inde-
pendence of Italy-which should satisfy Piedmont,
and yet should not wound the Catholic sentiment
of the rights of sovereigns, in whom the Pope felt
an interest. The Emperor gives in detail his views
as to the mode in which his object may be best
accomplished, and adds,—it is the real interest of
your Majesty to second me in the development of
the plan, in order to obtain from it the best
results; for your Majesty cannot forget that I am
bound by treaty, and I cannot, in the Congress
about to open, withdraw myself from my engage-
ment. The part of France is placed before hand.
The plan itselfis already known. The Emperor
demands that the Dutchess of Parma shall be
called to Modena, Parma is to be united to
Piedmont, and Tuscany augmented, perhaps, by a
portion of territory, is to be restored to the Grand
Duke Ferdinand, and a system of moderate liberty
shall be adopted in all the States of Italian confed-
eration, with the Pope as Honorary President.
This increase of his moral influence, would
enable him to make concessions in conformity
with the legitimate wishes of the population.
The letter attracted much attention, and some
English journals see in it good reasons why
England should refuse to join the Congress.
The French government has given orders for
100 gun boats, 25 of which are to be completed
with the utmost despatch.
The Minister of War has placed materials of
war at the disposal of the Spanish Government,
and has declared that the Emperor shall support
the military operations of Spain in a war against
Morocco in a similar way to those made to
Piedmont during the late war.
Trary.—The Times Ministerial asserts that the
Sardinian Cabinet bas not adhered to the diplo-
matic arrangements by which Italy has been dis-
posed of at Lurich, and in case of Romagna being
attacked Piedmont will take the field to assist
them.
According to advices from Sicily the insurrec-
tion there had not ceased. Reinforcements of
troops are being dispatched. Numerous arrests
Were made, ~
The Pope, according to several journals, has
accepted the several principles of reform that has
been suggested, but desires to be himself the judge
of the time they shall be applied, and herein is
the difficulty.
Napoleon had written a letter to the King of
Sardinia, urging him to carry out the Villa Franca
agreement. In the letter he says that France
demands that the Duke be recalled to Modena;
that Parma be united to Piedmont, and that
Tuscany, with an augmentation of her territory,
be restored to the reign of the Grand Duke, and
that the projected confederation on the basis of
moderate reforms be carried out.
Srary.—The Spanish Government have charter-
ed all the steam packets which run between its
ports and Marseilles, for the conveyance of the
expedition against Morocco.
The Queen offered to contribute part of her civil
list, and to sell her jewels towards defraying the
expenses of the war.
Marching orders have been given to the troops
which are to join the expeditionary army against
Morocco. Marshal O'Donnell will start at the end
of the week,
——————+e+—_____
From Mexico.—The steamship Tennessee, from
Vera Cruz on the 8th inst., arrivedat New Orleans
on the 11th. The Liberal expedition against
Tehuacan, Orizaba and Cordova proved a disas-
trous failure. Gen, Mejia retreated without firing
a gun, losing 600 men, who were taken prisoners;
also 1,000 muskets and 12 cannon, W! ich Gen,
Minion captured without killing a man. Gens
Marquiza had pronounced for Santa Anna, after
seizing a conducta with $2,800,000 in specte,
which he undertook to escort to Tepic. an \
propriated $600,000 to himself, and detained the
rest at Guanajuato, The British and French
Ministers had energetically protested against this
conduct. Gen, Miramon, against the wishes of
his Cabinet, with only four aids, had left the
Capital, ostensibly to collect troops and pursue
Marquiza os a traitor, but it was feared that he
was really leagued with him, The Liberals were
reatly dnequregedl thereby. Gen, Degollado had
Fofeated Alford, capturing his artillery, and
entering Guanajuato with 5,000 men. Gen. Wool,
at Legros, and Gen, Degollado were pushing on to
attack him,
NOY. 49.
Ghe News Condenser.
oo
— They had a delighifal fat of snow
the 5th inet aoe
— The cost of living in our cities has increased 10 per
cent in 10 years.
— Letters from Paris state that the old Prinee Jerome
Bonaparte is dying.
— The proposition to annex Western Florida to Ala-
bata has been defeated,
— The aggregate pnbite debt of Virginia on the ‘lst
of October was $80,190,000,
— The New Iumpshire Gazette has entered Upon its
one hundred snd fourth year. a
— The colnage of the United States Mint daring
October amounted to $249,661,
— There {s a now Bwedish singer, Mile, Roesk, who
is said to be equal to Jenny Lind,
— On the 25th ult, 85 proprietors of real estate went
under the hammer at Philadelphia,
— Mr, Everett is wriling an article on Washington
for one of the foreign encyelopwdias.
*
— Highway robberies were never so frequent in and
about New York, as during the last month,
— St, Louls has manufactured more Jager beer than
she can drink, and is therefore in uiter despair, '
— Thirty flounces per dress, and not one less, is sald
to be the last order from fashion’s head-quarters,
— A-writer in the Medical Gazette cautions patients
against the use of soap in any eutaneous disorder,
— The authorities of Missour! have offered a premium
‘of $3,000 for the best plan of a national monument
— Plans for a new hospital, on an extensive scale,
have been adopted by the City Couneil of Cincinnati,
— A monstrous alligator found its way into Mr, Halt
ley’s residence at Galveston, Texas, a few weeks ago.
— The colored people of Canada have been holding
© meeting to consider the expediency of seeking a new
home,
— Mary Howit, the distinguished English anthorees,
has announced her bellef in the doctrines of Sweden-
borg.
— The Hon. Mr. Burlingame and the Hon. M. J. Par-
rott, of Massachusetts, have gone to hunt buffaloes out
West.
—The Boston Traveller says that the business of
the world has not reached the capacity of the tunnage
afloat
— Last Saturday some four miles of drives in tho
Central Park, New York, were thrown open to the
public,
— The faneral of Mr. Mason, Jate U. 8. Minister to
France, took place at Richmond, Va,, on Sunday, the
80th ult,
— Three bears were killed the other day in Cambria
Co,, Pa, by a farmer, They had come right up to his
front door.
— There never has been an execution in our country
for Treason, John Adams pardoned Fries and Kis
fesociates,
—Mirs Thompson, in Tennessee, has recovered
$15,000 in a suit for a breach of promise against Mr,
Patterson.
—A number of interesting drawings and manu-
scripts, by Michael Angelo, have jast been discovered
at Florence,
—Duriog the present Napoleon's reign, the French
have constructed railways to the extent of more than
4,500 miles,
—John A, Washington has lost all the money he
received for the Mount Vernon estate, by speculating
in Chicago lots.
given orders for an immediate campaign against the
Apache Indians.
— Sir John Bowring expresses bis opinion that China
will yet be a great cotton-growing country, and will
supply England. :
—The Tuscan Government has, by a decree of the
15th of Sept, raised Major Gen. Garibaldi to the rank
of Lieut, General.
— The sale of Rufus Choate!s library, just completed
by auction, will realize to his family about $15,000—Iess
than half it cost.
— Capt, Joseph Wood of West Lebanon, N. H. has
reached his one hundredth year, and his faculties re-
main vnimpasired,
— Gen. Twiggs has gone to the Rio Grande to drive
off the Red Skins who threaten to ravage the settle-
ments on its border.
—The merchants and business men of Culifernia
design to erect a monument to the memory of the late
Senator Broderick.
—Mr. Alfred Robinson, of Hartford, has, in his pos-
session, a Hebrew shekel, which is supposed to be more
than 8,000 years old,
— One hundred different patents have been issued in
France for as many different styles of that favorite
garment, ‘crinoline?
— The Massachusetts Legislature has passed an act
providing for the establishment of a nautical branch of
the State Reform School,
— The Choctaw nation numbers about 18,000. They
have diminished since they left Alabama. They still
hold their lands in common,
— A new mineral spring has been excavated atSara-
toga. The spring was struck ata depth of 47 feet, issu-
ing from two fissures In the rock.
— Rosa Bonheur, the renowned female artist, shortly
intends visiting America, with a view of studying the
life of our prairies and backwoods,
— During August, 89,835 ounces of gold were depos-
{ted in the San Francisco mint; 86,20 ounces of silver
were purchased; $962,000 coined,
— Prof. Lowe commenced inflating his balloon at
Reservoir Square, New York, on the Ist, and expects
to start for Europe in a fortnight
—The male births in Europe surpass the female
4,000,000 every year, but are balanced by the greater
number of accidents to males,
—In Mobile, Ala., the other day, a fisherman pulled
up a half pint bottle, A crab had got into itand grown
so large that he could not get out,
— The persons who killed Pres't Geffrard’s daughter
in Hayti, confess that they did it in order to attract her
father to the spot and then kill him.
—Mr. Joseph Cline died in Freeport, Iil., last week,
from the bite of a cat, He was bit in the Anger, and in
four days died, in the most intense 8gonY-
—Beyen ships of the English Channel fleet were un-
der orders to prepare for sea immediately, the destina-
tion of which is sald to be Vancouver's or ‘
a cburch in Princoton, Ill,, dur-
eae Sean ouch stir among the crinoline.
Ho was captured and “‘takem out of meeting.”
— The clause in the Kansas Constitution excepting
the homestead from attachment for debt was separately
submitted to the people, and adopted by a large ma).
— The Arizona papers say that Col. Bonneville had _
CONTENIS OF THIS NUMBER.
'
AGRICULTURAL
Value of Straw for Fodder ...
Horare Greeley at tre Wyoulog ulr....-»
Where Men are Mnleed,
Experiments,
Tue Late David Thomas. ae =
Inruirien and Anairara—Best Treatise 0
of Dometic Avlmals; Pilibusteriog os Aer o74
raz —Importance of Shel
10 inti Spel Of Os de Garrots, To Make Good Bat-
ter; Cutting Feed... 2 ae
cu jacallany. — Our Market Reports:
winters, Mireree Caltare: United States ss.
Society, Another Agrlealtaral Professorh|p Easowed ;
To advertisers Drlefig: Oallfornia state Pale: Encour-
Aine Domenie Industry: Horse Census; Domestic
Pigeons, Fish Gaanor Spicy and Instraclve......-.++-
HORTICULTURAL.
Material for Hedging.
Dens ae the Htawtho
Fine Ubrysanthemum Plants, .
Cluster and Leaf of the Delaware Grape (Illustrated),
More Beperience in Hedge-Growing
Prairie Flowers.......-«
Making a Grape Border.
74
DOMESTIC ECONOMY.
LADIES’ OLIO,
Dirge for the Departed, (Poetical;) Faded Flo
Marriage of Jda Fairfield, . ‘
CHOICE MISCELLANY,
Indian Sommer, (Poetical;) Cultivate the Beautifal—
No. 1; Gelevraved Authors; Money... +» 876
SAUBATH MUSINGS,
‘The Suneet Isle, (Poetical ;) Immortalit,
In Search of a Pastor,, fA
THE REVIEWER,
Gold Foil, Hammered from Popular Proverbs,
othy Tlcombs Exordint Remarks; Trost;
Patience; Youth; What we Love; An Aspiration
Sanders’ Analyats of Eogiish Words, r
USEFUL OLTO,
Scenes In and About Jerusalem, (Tilustrated
‘Cave—No, I Re m0
YOUNG RORALIST.
The Pairs; Celery, Ko)l-Rabi, Pears, &
Propagating Scions, &0..,
STORY TELLER
‘The Dying Year, [Poctioal;) Our Thanksgiving; Talent
and Genius nase -. 380
ty tin.
bor;
377
LIST OF NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
Spaulding's Prepared Gluc—I. O, Spaulding & Co.
7 ork Tribune—Ht. Greeley & <0,
Gale's Universal Feed Cutters—Whittemore, Belcher & Co.
Fairfield Serinary—J, 1, Van Petten,
Choice Stock for Sale—E. G, Cook.
pac wing enoblg es. ue Dibble. A. Trartt
‘Auction Sale of Parm Stock, &c.—Muary A. Tarris*
Female Agents Wanted—Marie Louise Hankins & Co,
For Sale or to Rent—E. J, Burrall,
DIRECT COMMUNICATION WITH NEW YORK,
Any article of merchandise to be found in New York
will be carefully selected, purchased, and shipped to
any address, Persons requiring sample and prices be-
fore purchasing, must onclose stamp to pay the return
postage, Don‘r WESITATH ADOUT SENOING FOR TRIPLES,
All orders must be accompanied by cush.
Address I. G, STONE,
[518-cow2t) Tribune Building, New York.
{9™ Refer to the Editor of the Runat New-Yorken.
MMlarkets, Commerce, Le.
Rona New-Yorken Orrice. t
Rochester, Noy, 15, 1859,
Froon and Gnare, with the singte exception of Barley,
remain at (he quotations of last week. In Barley a decline
of 2@5 cents ® bushel Is observable, The receipts and
sales have been heavy at 60@65 cents ¥ bushel, and malt
eters have been supplying themselves very generously.
Meats—A considerable quantity of pork is exhibited in
our streets this morning, Little animation among buyers
is noted, 25 cents ® cwt, difference between holder and
purchaser retarding transactions. The onlysales that can
‘be effected will be for home consumption.
Tay is moylog upward,—the best now commands $22
Ptun,
Rochester Wholesale Prices.
FLO® AND Gratn. Begs, dozen,
Flour,win® wheat, Honey, box
Flour, spring do, Candles, box Ir)
lour, buckwheat, FRUITS AND Roors.
Wheat, Genesee, Apples, bushel... 25)
Best white Can’, 91,25 Apples, dried. -.81,00@1,1
Corn a rate Peaches, dried, # i,
Rye, 6) na. Pu, Cherries, dried, # B..16@18c
Oats, by welaht Potat a 31@31Kke
arley
‘SieDS,
Clover, bush
Timottiy ..
Spridelamba.each€), 601.79
ution, carcass .
Hams, smoked...
4,2500 4,50
baton... (84,25 1.50
Shamokin, .04.25@ 1.50
Char, if
W YORK, Nov. 14 —FLoun—Market for four without
striking change, Speculative and less activ my
05 for sper State , 1
‘a for extra di
per We 45,0 ieee
@
4,40 for common ‘to kood
bi
Specalatoy
Sales at 91,95 fo
ern yell Oats uctive at iy
Gulie for State, Western and Canadian, ei
Pnovisioss—Pork market a shade firmer, Sales at #15 for
mess: 410.60 for prime; 15,00 for crime mess, Dresved
hogs Armer nt 7@740, Lard in fale request and stendy
at lOe@lle, Matter very quiet at 1148180 for Ohio |
M@tle for Stave, Cheeserales steady ate@ilo for common
Ww prime,
OIIOAGO Noy, 14—Frovn—Qaiet and declined So,
Gnvis—Wheat stendy and advanced lo: sales spring at
Mo fram store, and No, Qak87ige, Corn dull and declined
Sac on new, Oats buoyant
TOLEDO, Now. 1 er Wheat
stanton itunes Flour steady at $5 for sup:
TORONTO, Nov, 12—Ytoon—The flour market at this
polbt bas been inanimate during the week, and the mov:
ment has been tn a downward direction, prices closing fally
10 cents lower than onr last quotations, Toe tendency of
Le arn eee as Dea in this direction, and there bi
now no poTak ak which shloments ean be made with profit
‘Heat have ruled
shel for the best
L
fan A,
a
tate
very
ean lots The aver, rioe for the
les, and # for
cotire duilvsries of the week ts not much tase trace fon the
bushel for all grades, For prime and extra orime gam
4 pwd was pald froel,
i \F
Pi requrak but the deciand le ach
ieman
ase of last week. The best sau
eculative demand has been
The ‘aver
Wheat Is tn
ent as
#1 bashel. ie from that
i ihe ‘supplies of wh
common,
\ if fat
large as formerly, Sales Rt
switch. Bark atau
ready etc pred rates of ast
moans @:
ie toouth to be ‘not much more to
gemmencing to oo:
week, vii
e country,
|
OSWEGO. Nov. .—PLoor—Dal! bat onchanzed.
Gaui Wheatin good wiliog d-mand snd market firm:
les Chicago No i at $1.12, afloat: Milwaukee club at
1,03; extra do at 1,08 Other grains quick
‘The Cattle Markets.
Be it YORK. Nor. ane current prices for the week
"1 WB:
Bane Gavree First quality, “a ert, $9,00010.00: ordi-
nary do. $4,00@875; common du, $6,007,00; lnferlor do,
9 1,50685,00.
Cows axp Oatves—Pirst quality, 950,00965,00: ordinary
33, a asno0: common do, #30,0040,00; Inferior do,
sos Okio—Wiret anaue Rota bra er) paella) do,
; common do, 3 Inferior do,
SoRRP AND Uames—Prime ara ¥ re 65.0088. 00;
Pad do, #4.00@5,00; common do, #3,00@4,00; ioferior,
wine—Pirst quality, 5@5i¢e; other qualities, 4X@5e.
ALBANY, Noy, 14,—Cattie—Another bad market for
the dro i—the worst, some think, that bas heen expe-
rience here for many months, and perhaps this Is so, if we
take Into consideration the BURY of the beef offering.
‘The average quality ix considerably better than that of last
week, and yet the market opens with prices ic eff on all
erades, ‘The decline is mainly attributable to the low rates
that rnled in New York last Tuesday and Wedoesday,
Drovers who went through last week report that they never
sold in a more discourseing market On. ere 4 rices
dropped, during the morning. something like #4 ead,
and oo Wednesday ‘here was a sul fartber decline.
We alter our quotations on ali grades the sa es thus far
Jostifying m reduction of at least 4c Pm, live weieht
There were slight lidications last nicht that the weather
would change sharp, cold, and io this event the decline
may be recovered belore tue close,
2 This week, Last week.
AMc@S 4NQ@5%
First q
wis
Second quality,
Third quality .
Inferior...
Sameer ap Lawes.
[ease doll,
settled, During the inst six days the butchers have taken
only 2.000 head, at prices ranging from $2,602 to 8t To
bring the ontalde figure, sheep must be fat aud average full
1
Tloos—Bat few have arrived on th's side, only about 350
heat; sales 60 head, averaging 202 fhs,, at #0,06 ¥ owt,
Miten Cows—8s7 —argus,
CAMBRIDGE. Nov, 9—At market 1543 cattle, about 800
beevea, and 744 stores, conslat'ng of working oxen, cows,
yeurliogs, two and three years old. 2
Prices—Market beef— Extra, toa first quality,
$6,75007.00 ;, second quality, 95,76 d quality, $40!
ordina i
ex—Working oxen. #85, @110@175; cows and calves,
#50, $45@62, venrlings, #9@11; two years old, #16@21;
three years old, #23@25
Seep axp LAwps—300 at market. Prices, In lots, $1,00,
$1,°5@1,60 each. Extra, #2, $3,25@,75.
Hiprs—f@70 Bh TaLLow—7@7 Me BP.
Pevrs—#!,00@$1,25 each. Oacr Skins—10@120 ¥ D,
TORONTO, Noy. 12—Berr—For beeves the market con-
tloues unchanged, with pretty liberal purchases for the
States’ markets ot @1.50 for first class animals, and 93,60 to
Si for second rate ® 100 ms, of b Slavebtered beef is
Shee;
pelts 850 to $1 exch ia paid.
Skink 60 to 0c fa the currentrate, Wool37 to 28 # I,
hides $6 W100 Ds, Calf skins luc Wm,
‘The Pork ond Beef Markets.
Onto.—In the market report of the Cincinnatl Gazette,
dated the 10th inst, we find the followine:—"Il the weatoer
admitted, packing of pork would now be general: as itis,
however, there is not much doing, and prices must be re-
garded nominal at $5.75, which is the rate asked, The
Hutchers are paying #4@4,3) # cental gross, and the market
is rather dull ot these rates, Nine thousand head were
recelved during the week."
Towa,—The Dabuaue Herald contains an article on the
Importance of establishing a pork-packing estabilshment
atthat point. Last year the number of hogs sold was 439,-
For September and Uctober
Beef
681, ALi Rs. to the hog, this amounted to 67,916,200 Ihs.,
and sold for 84,069,189, Lee connty stands highest on the
list, having sold 19,524 hogs. Dea Moines stands second,
selling 18,034 Davis sold 17,953; Wapello, 15,318; Keokuk,
15,513.
The Keokak Gate City of the 5th says:—Our Keokuk
patkers have extensive preparat!ons for slaughtering
and vacklog this season, They have the capacity for kili-
jng about 5,000 head aday. We learo that the hog crop of
this year will fully equal that of last year in pounda, Prices
are ranging at present from $4,75@4,5 hundred, The
corn crop in the Des Moines Valley was never better than
this season, and pork ougbtto be good and abundant. The
money that is already going out for pork will find its way
back here soon, and will give some relief to the present
stringency in financial affairs,
Kentocry.—The provision market, says the Louisville
Gourier, ja quiet and rather dull, with sales of old mess
pork at '@1°,50, a decline, while for hogs, for packing, no
transactions bave been reported, and we quote nominally
at41o 5c gross and net, The Auditor's report of the hogs
assessed in Kentucky, as published in the Courier some
time past, shows an Increase of over 35000 bogs as com-
pared with the report of lastyear, Ithas been ascertained
that In the thirty-nine countles which lie contiguous to
Lontaville, there is an Increase of over 210,000, These hogs
will be brought fo Lou'svilleto be packed.’ This fact, added
to the declining tendency of the market for provisions, has
caused quite a dullness, and we bear of but few contracts
for hogs for packing, Packers are inclined to think that
hogs cannot be cut up and assorted so as to pay at the pre.
yalliog rates, hence there are but few buyers in the market,
Hogs were selling at Paris, Ky., at #4, gross,
Iutrxois—The Springfield Journal remarks that the
acking buslaess has not yet opened in that city. Opera,
tions will begin as soon as the weather becomes cool
We beard of the following contracts for early
ry yesterday: 300 head to average 915 Ibs, at 4 net,
delivered; 290 head at $3,75@4. net, dividing on 200 hs. In
relation to the number of bogs for the market, the general
opinion i# that itwill be equal to lastyear'a crop. The
bogs in this region will he mosuy late, and not much will be
done in the pucking line before the Istof December,
The Varlinville Democrat says:—" We have taken pains
to learn wito something like correctness the number of hogs
that wlll be fatted and sent to market from this county
during the packing season. ‘The result of our inquiries
leads vs to the opinion that there will be a falling off of
one-third, or sometblag more; from the usual number.”
IypiaNA.—In ap article upon the prospects of the drovers
rs, the Vincennes Gazetfe of the 5th Instant re-
The farmers, who have the best means of asc
taining, say thatthe ‘hog crop’ in this country the present
year wilinot be over an average, Some of them say that
there will be no more than last vear, Itis thought that the
price will range from 5 to 85,50 ¥ 100 Ms. net,
Mrssount.—The St Louis Demoorat says the weather is
excellent for fattening hogs and for gathering ip the corn
crops, We may look for very heavy, well-fatted hogs this
senson, A few days slbce a party offered to contract for
1,000 head that should average 240 tts, net, none to be under
U0 Os, A packer offered 85,50 net for them, hutalso overed
to bet two bats they would not welgh so muco, as \t would
be almost without a parallel, There ia nothing to change
the views heretofore given relative to probable prices: Itis
probanle that $3.50@4,60 net will be the country price, and
the range in St, Louis $5@5,50 net But packers are hold.
ing off, and thé season whl open late, The stock of provis-
fons is nearly exhausted here, hotwith the small demand,
‘there is enough tudo untitprckingeommences. Shoulders,
in casks, now selling at4}4@Xc, are about out, and parties
have sent to Clocinnatl for snppt Sides and hams are
also scarce: ribbed sides 94@lile; clear, in casks, 120
canvassed hains 114@12)<6, aud plain 104c,
‘The Wool Markets,
NEW YORK, Novy. 10.—The Inquiry for domestic fleece
and pulled wools is confined to the pressing wants of man-
ufaclurers owing to the mengre supply offering, and the
extreme prices now demanded in town and country, Sales
of 100,000 ts. native fleece at s0@"Se for inferior to choice
Saxony: 70,000 Ms. Onlifornia ac 124@4e, the latter rate,
for a parcel of 1,000 ms, pick locks, Is the bighest price yet
obtained for any wool coming from the Golden State; the
buyer is satisfied, however, that it Is cheaper at this price
than any wool In market, from the fact that the shrinkage
is 100015 ¥ cent, less, Sales also of 45,000 Its. pulled at 32@
526, Including some lambs’ at 88\4@40c__Forelen is quiet
but firm in price: sales of 189 bales Uordova. 120 do Mes-
Bap en 100 do Buenos Ayres, on lerms not disclosed. We
quote:
am. Saxony fleece, # D.
A full blood Merino
Am. }4 and & blood Me:
Am. Dative find i blood M
01 at alos
0 # Dushel on the
me in very slowly, but Onds
o! +70 ty Te
aly for thelooaltrade. There | have
BOSTON, Nov, 10.—Pleece and pulled wool are firm, and
en sold to the extent of 10,000 is. at sieady prices,
. Oats are
Ze nomewhad | Paatitk Ho change since last week, “the transactions 1a
Hlarriages.
Tinga county, N.Y. on the 0th inst, by the
Rev. S uit, A. J. ENSIGN, Esq, of Lock: a
REUVECOA U., daughter of LEWIS Oakisr, MD. of tue
former place.
Deaths.
Tx this city, en the 12th inst, ELBERT H., son of N.
Ossves, aged 20 years ae
Advertisements.
Terms of Advertising —Twenty-Pive Cents a line, each
Insertion. A price and a balf for extra disolay, or 87% cla
per Uneof space. SPectat Notices—following reading mat
er, \eadeo — Fifty Cenw » Lite, c40S (userting. oy aU¥ aKCe,
427 The clroulation of the RURAL New-Voxeen far exonuas
that of any aimilar journal In A‘oerica or Europe, rendering
{t Altowether the nest Advertisine Medium of Ite class
2 All transient advertisements must be accompanied
with the cash, or a responsible reference, to secure insertion,
Those who send us advertisements to be published at prices
they specify, are respectfully advised that we are not In a
poe on tomilow any one to pina Heretted eae when
the demand pon our column: ublished rates, exce:
the space appropriated for Advertising.
ERKSHIRE PIGS !—OF pure breed and Jow price.
Delivered in Albany or New Vork free of freight,
615-3¢ WM. J. PETTEE, Lakeville, Conn,
ALELe SEEDS. —I am prepared to furnish clean
+1 Apple Seeds, in quantities to sult purchasers
GEORGE BURRELL,
Lockport, N. Y., Nov. 13, 1859. 515.
nes SALE—%0 choice Saxony Bucks, of diferent
styles and crosses, some of them bred oy the subscriber
from: pure imported stock. JOHN i. WARD,
Fails Village, Litchfield Co., Conn., Nov, 2d, "59. 515-3t
EEDLING STOCKS—Ex'ra quality of Apple and
Oberry, Qvince layers, a few Pear and Pluw, Also a
ge stock of Lawton Blackberries. Oherry Trees, and ex-
tra size Pear, both Standand an’ Dwarf, for sale by.
COWLES & WAKREN, Syracuse, N. Y.
Fer SALE OR TO RENT—0n very favorable
terms. an Agricultural Foundry and Machine Shop, in
good working order, having a well established busiaess and
requiring a moderate capital, Address
bio E. J. BURRALL or H, 0. SOHELL,
Geneva, N, Y.
$2 A DAY.—FEMALE AGENTS wanted everywhere
on SALARY or Commission, af ome or to travel and
extend the circulation of the “PAMILY PICCURIAL,”
now the largest and Aandsomest paper to the world for
only 50.centsa year. For Confidential terms to Femules,
And instructions to “new beginners," Soecimen Copies
&>., Inclose stamp and address Misses MARIE LOUISE
HANKINS & CO,, Publishers, New York City, 510-1t
UCTION SALE OF FARM-STOCK, &o.—The
personal paperty of the late Rionano Haners, will be
offered for sale at auction, on the 2th day of November,
‘at tbe farm formerly occuplea by himin the Town of Oxden,
Among the articles offered will be found stock, Farm Imple-
ments, Grain, &c. Also, a large quantity Of Household
Furniture,
Tenms—A credit of one year will be given on all sums
ver $5, secured on cood endorsed notes, on interest.
615-It MARY ANN HARRIS, Administratrix,
VV BBSLER & WILSUN MANUFAU'G CU's
IMPROVED
FAMILY SEWING MACHINES,
GOS Broadway, New York.
These Machines combine all the late Improvements for
Hemming, Stitching and Felling Seams, and are the
best fn use for PAMILY SRWING nnd tailoring Work.
Prices from 950 to 3150, Hemmers $ extra.
S, W. DIBBLE, Agent,
Nos, 8 and 10 Smith's Arcade, Rochester, N. Y.
HOICE STOCK FOK SALE
years old, $50; 1 Yearling, $7
Helfer, 3 years, and Helfer ¢
#60; 2'Bull Oelves, $40 and 35
year old Buck. 8195_ Lamb by a. Book
Lamb bought for me by Co! is, at J, O, Taylor’ sale
in September last. Sire *' World's Prize,’ suld to have cost
$2,000; dam Imported by Col. Lt
10 Brench Merino Ewes and a Buck, $150. Also, the cross
breed Buck and pen of 5 yearling Ewes (fine wool) that T
took the first prize on at State Fair, Albany—#60; 1 Suffolk
Boar, 2 years old, $20.
A credit will be given on part of purchase money. if de.
sired. A Uheral deduction for all down, For further in
formation address EB. G. 000
Nov. 12, 1859, (615-2t]__—_Ellisburgh, Jet. Go,, N. Y
AIRFIELD SEM
01
515-tf
One Devon Bull, 3
a
Tne. Es
NARY.—This is one of the oldest
For five
present Faculty, its patronage has been uni.
Its Faculty consists of twelve thorough
our of whom are College Gradu-
ates, nolpal and Preceptress, and nearly the whole
Faculty. /oard in the Hal with the students, The Build-
ings aré large, partly new and in most excellent condition—
rooms ample and furnished with clo: For the Ladies,
there Is an excellent and well furs Bath Room and
Gympasium. Diplomas are awarded to graduates, and if
possible, positions to teach secured. Special pains are taken
with those preparing for College,
and best established Institutions in the State,
years under tl
si
Extra advantages alforded
in Music, Oil Painting and other Ornamentals, The Insti-
tutlon his a well established
MERCIAL DEPARTMENT,
which, with commodious and well furnished rooms, thorough
Professors and able Lecturers, furnishes advantages equal to
those of the best Commercial Colleges.
Board, Washing and furnished room per term of 14.weeks,
997 50, Tuition from $4 to $5, Winter Term beuins Decem:
ber 7th. For Catalogue, or to engage rooms, address the
Principal, (515-2) J.B. VAN PETIEN
GSE's UNIVERSAL FEED CUTTERS,
MADE AND SOLD BY
WHITTEMORE, BELCHER & Co.
~ CHICOPEE FALLS, MASS.
‘Tney are self feeding and are WARRANTED to work well
on Hay, Straw and Gorn-Stalks,
Do not ce? out of order, work rapld, very easy, and clve
entire satiafaction to the veer. Can he sec by merely
turning a screw to cut different lenats from Sy to 1 inches.
They make 1A sizes: price, #910 82 at the factory.
For sale by Dealers generally In the United States and
Canadas, and by the following dealers in the State of New
York:
James Waker & Co. . Schenectady.
Thos, FosTen, .. Unica.
L. Y. Ganpyen ... Amsterdam,
Geo, AsHiry, +. Little Falla,
©. M. Dow, Sherborne,
A. MARTIN. Ga'skill.
Moyraoue & RuvNouis.
B, Mansit
LU & Son. .
Saugerties,
Pokvepsie.
Peekskill.
Newburgh.
. Riken, ci
TAS. 8. Baown. -
Mavyner & MONALLY
R. H. Morpock
Eatery Buos..
Cuoate & Bro.
Ween & Many,
Minter & Ononise.
Wire & Swatn,.-
R. F. Rannovra
ort Byron.
< Warwick,
W_D. Tnwin & Co. Florida.
L, Doourrie... Champlain.
Ginas, ASHLEY | \Ogdensbargh.
T, W. SKinwel 9,
& RB. Terwitui Saratova Springs
jlenns Falls.
Sandy Hill.
hawplain.
do.
Davis & Co. Brasher Falls,
FR, Wrekin Potsdam.
Ginsox & TOLLY OsweRo,
Wi. L. Sacknrper.--.--2- Panton,
Sauspers, Hapoock & Co. Oneida.
Onis & Yaue. a Watertown.
A.B. Menniasi = OsweRo,
Wrresien & ALLEN,
Bu
DM. Rep
. S. & M. Pecamam,
Weeo, Couxwart &
W. D. Monoax
Jous Coo.er...
OLank & Sooriett
Grant, Viste & D
Hexey Warren...
Gurrerso Rios. & Co.
Bowaan & Walken
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ence from all parts o' the world, the New York Cattle,
Horse, and Produce Markets, interesting and reliable Po-
ideal, Mechanical and Agricultural articles, &c., dc,
t Ne shall, Guring Wits ‘eed aa mirherts: COMBO TAHOE
0 Improve the quailty of the instructive entertainment
afforded by THE WEEKLY TRIBUN ich, we lotend,
shall centiogs to be the best Family Weekly Newspaper
published io the Werld, We consider the Gatlle Market
Repors alone richly worth to cattle raisers a year’s sub-
scription price.
TERMS;
One Onpy, one year .......92] Five Conies, one year
Three Coples, one year... 6] Ten Copies, one yeur.
Twenty Covies, to one aildress... =
and any larger number, #1 each.
Twenty Poples. fo address of each subscriber.
and aby larger number at #1,20 each.
Any person Bending us a club of Twenty, or more, will
be entitled to an extra copy. For a club of fifty, we will
send the Semt-Weekly Tribune; aud for a club of one bun-
dred the Daily Tribune will be s:nt gratis, We continue to
send ‘tue WEEKLY TRIDUNR to Clereymen for @l.
Subscriptions may commence atany tine. Terms always
cash in advance. all letters to be addressed to
HORAQE GREELEY & OO,, Tribune Bulldinga,
5-at Nassau street, New York.
50 BUSHELS PRIME APPLE SEED—FfOR
ae lo lots to sult purchasers, J. A. ROOT.
4-28 Skaneateles, NY.
NOROUGH-BRED STOCK FOR SALE.—The
Subscribers offer for sale a few pair of very fine im-
| proved Suifulk Pizs trom J. STIOKNEY'S stock, Boston: a
few pulr of kxsex Pigs and a few South-Down Rams from
the stock of Samui Taonxe, of Dutchess Oo., and afew
Silesian Rams from Wa. CHaMMRALAIN's stock. Also, a
very fine Alderoey Bull. All of the avove is alrect from
imoorted stock, or Its Immediate descendants. address
bidet Hi, & M. 0, MORDOP, Rochester, N, ¥.
the Dally Tribune o:
ME SE!
EMOVAL.—TI would respectfully announce to my
friends and patrons, that [ have removed my office
from Gaffaey Bloc« (cor, of North St. Paul and Main sts.) to
NO. 7 MANSION HOUSE BLOCK,
(Over No, 54 State Street.)
My new rooms will be open on and after Monday next.
After a constant practice of 20 years, a large acquaintance
with the best Dentists in the Union, and with extensive
convenlences for doing all kinds of work required jn den-
Ustry, [ am prepared to perform all operations In the most
Approved styles, and at p.loes that will please all.
Kochester, Nov. 4. (514-tf])—-B. B. WILSON, Dentlat.
N TO TEACHERS.
OTICE
*
The attention of Teachers and Educators is invited to
Robinson's Complete Series of Mathematics, embracing a
full course for Common Schools, Academies and Colleges.
Robinson's Series of
PROGRESSIVE ARITIHMETICS,
and his
IWinwy ELEMENTARY ALGEBRA,
UNIVERSITY ALGEBRA,
revised, are the moat practical and most poputar school
books of the kind ever yet published, Many new methods
and practical boerations are embraced In them, which are
not found In other works of the same grade.
The above books, and also SaNpen’s New Series oF
READERS, SANDERS ANALYSIS OF Woxps, Wetts’ NaTORAL
\
IANOS FOR S150.
WARRANTED GOOD IN EVERY RESPECT,
MADE BY =4
BOARDMAN, GRAY & co.,
Athapy, N. ¥.
seinen i ri sche ae
‘foch an seer ter tt ahaa
SMALL PARLORS, SITTING ROOMS, &c..
Finished in Rosewood, a Beautiful Piano, at
ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY DOLLARS.
te These Plans
our inte improvementncaey ot Wannastap, aod have all
Oireulara Bui ye
Particulare, Mrnehed on Application, giving Puls
‘They also furnish a
HANDSOMELY FINISHED PIANO,
Adapted for School Practice and Parposes, at
ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIVE DOLLARS!
(SEND FOR CIRO!
Nar Sty'es of LARGE PI.
ant De Ostavea. ee: continue, ao thake INR be kas
Improvements, at from #500 to $900, according to and
Finish. Large Discounts made to Oash Buyers,
ILLUSTRATED PRICE LISTS AND OIROUL,
NISHED ON APPLIQATION, Ft
All our Pisno-Portes have our Great Improvement, —
THHEH. INSULATED IRON RIM,
Making them the Best and Most Durable In the World.
$27 SEND FOR CIRCULARS. .23
Perfect Satisfaction Guaranteed, or Money Refunded,
BOARDMAN, GRAY & CO.,
ALBANY, N, ¥.
CUTTER
Blete
S4 NBORN’
8 EASY FE
THE BEST IN U;
Paivosoruy aud Cagmistay, may be obtained by teachers,
in single coples for examination, at half price, and for
Jirst \otroductlon, at very liberal discounts from wholesale
prices, by addressing the Puolishers' General Agent,
D, W, FISH, Rochester, N ¥..
51Lt
At ADAMS & Danyer's Bookstore,
CUSEXRESDPBHS,
TRY
JAMES PYLE’S
DIBTHETIC SALBRATUS,
Tre Resp article ever prepared for making wholesome
READ 1 Sold by Grocers everywhere,
Depot 345 Washington, cor, Franklin st. N.¥. 12-4
() AGENTS WANTED.—To sell 4 new Inven-
5000 tions. Agents have made over $25,000 on one,—
hetior than ail oiner similar agencies, Send four stamps
d get ages particolars, gratis.
“Sidie ra EPHRAIM BROWN, Lowell, Mass.
“QHAWMUT MILES? ROCHESTER We con-
tinue to do QUSTOM GRINDING at the lowest rates,
and baving improved the machinery of our mill for that
purpose, we pledge ourselves to glve full satisfaction to all
pustomers,
“We bave for sale at all times, wholesale and retall
best and most reliable brands of Flour, Also, Corn M
ity Flour Sill Feed and Screenines at the lowest prices
id we clt the bbe: OO! e farming ce a
wat no He Abkention fA, WHITNEY & Co.
Brown's Race, Rochester, Sept, 25, 1839
M EXICO. ACADEMY, MEXICO, OSWEGO
6o., N, ¥.—Phe Winter Term of this long-established
Institution opens December 6th. thoroughness and
popularity continue undiminished. For particulars address
607-tf J.D, SUEBLE, A. B., Principal.
ANDRE LEROY’S NURSERIES,
5 AT ANGERS, FRANCE.
The Proprietor of these Nurseries, the most extensive in
the world, bas the honor to Inform his numerous friends
and the pubiic. that his Catalogue of Fruit and Orna-
mental Trees, Shrubs, Roses, Seedlings, Prust Stocks, £0,
for the present season, is now ready and at thelr disposa L
ly ay heretofore, & FP. A. BRUGULERE,
Biante 51 Cedar street, New York.
WORCESTER’S
PIANOFORTE MANUFACTORY & WAREROOMS,
Corner Fourteenth Street & Third Avenue,
H. WORCESTER offers for sale a large assortment of
of
shoe PIANO FORTES,
from, 6 to 7 octaves, {a elegant rosewood cases, all of
which aré manufactured under his own supervision, and
tre (or sale on reasonable terns,
By devoting his personal attention to the touch and tone
of nis iostruments: whlch have bitherto been considered
Qorivaled, be will endeavor to maintain thelr previous
reputation, and respectfally solicits an examination from
the profession, amateurs, and the pubile. HOT -Tteow
OTA HuMsUG.—W: ‘anted, one or more Yoong Men
In each State to travel, to whom will be pald #30 to 975
and expenses, For particulars, address with
. ALLEN & ©O., Plaistow. N. HL BAL TAE
stamp, M.
MeA== YOUR OWN SOAP.
SAPONIFIER:
OR,
PURE CONCENTRATED POTASH,
Warranted double the strength of ordinary Potash. One
und will make twelve gallons good strong Soap, without
Tiiwand wih lie rouble. Manufactared and pat up ip
1, 3 4and 5 m. cans, io lumps, wita directions, atthe OxaL-
Leva OnemioaL Works, New York.
I. DURKEE & O.,
181 Pearl street, N. Y., Proprietors.
600-256
per moni
Bold everywhere.
Gans !—The superiority of Phosphatio over Ammo-
olacal fertilizers, im restoring fertility to worn-oat
lands, is now well understood. The subscribers call the
attenilon of Parmers to the Swax IsLanp Guano, which for
ee i Puoseaates and OxGANIo matter, and its soL0-
BILITY, [s ONSURPASSKD,
ant, slot Sp ton of 2000 ps, and Uberal discount
will be made by the .
Circulars, with directions for ase, be had gu avplica
tlon at our office. FOSPER & STEPHENS!
65 Beaver Street, New Yor!
Irs wilvantanes are as follows:
1, It is suitable for cutting Stacks, Hay, or Stnaw,
2% It will cat any length you require.
9, Ttis cheap and durable, 7
4 Itis varranted to do more work, with less power, than
any machine in ose o
‘Manufactured and sold by
D. R. BARTON and MoRINDLEY & PHELPS,
BiL-6t ‘No. 3 Bulfulo street, Rochester, N, Y,
ASHINGTON MEDALLION PEN.
S884 Js the drawn number of the Patron's Ticket for
the first series of 104,000 gross $1,000 wiil be pald to
the holder of that tleket on gresemration at the ollice of the
Company, 53 Cedar Street, New York. .
‘The Second Series Is How below issued. The Pens aro
now ‘all Extaa-Fine Boia and tnore perfectly made ia
every respect than ever before, and are put up In new and
eaiearitg Bases a {pt of twen 8 P.O,
A sample Pen sent on rece!pt of two 3 cent P. O. stam;
Aduress Wr M, PEN CO a
~ 61L-tt * Box 3,185 P. O., New York.
4 Fees WURSERIES,
NEWBURGH, N. Y.
The underalened most respectfully taform thelr frienda,
and the pabilc in general, toat thelr stock of TREES
PLANTS &c., which they offer for sale this fall, Is unusually:
fine, and comprises everything to be obtained In the trade,
both in the Pruit and Ornamental Departments,
Toey particularly call attention to thelr stock of large
ORNAMENTAL TREES AND EVERGREBNS, for Park»,
Lawns and Street Planting, of extra size for Immediate
effect, which embraces all the best kinds of Declauous and
Evergreen Trees A very large stock of HEDGE PLANTS,
‘such as Osage Orange, Buckthorn, Arbor Vitw, &c., of extra
size and quality,
All orders by mall or otherwise promptly attended to,
and forwarded aa directed, packed in the best manner.
509-4teow A. SAUL & 605
Warts PIrIPeHe.
THE CHEAPEST & MOST DURABLE IN USE.
Wehave been anable during the past three months to
supply the demand for this Pipe, but have recently made
Arrangements for the Manufacture on & more extended
soall poe hope hereafter to be able to Ol all orders
promptly.
This Pipe is mado of Pine Timber, in sections elght feet
tong [tis easily laid down, not liable to get out of order,
aud If properiy lald, ls the most durable of any kind o|
ne In use,
We can produce any amountof evidence of \ts durability,
ca oltyy erent aE Superiority oxer Spy. ae
e orice of the size commonly used for farm purpo:
Is # cents perfoot at the Factory. » UBONS
Our Manufactory Is at Tonawanda, Erie Co., bat orders
Rochester, N. f.
LS. HORKTE & CO,
should be directed to us at di Arcade.
0
UANO.—We would call the attention of Guano Deal-
ers, Planters and Farmers to the urticle which we have
on hand and for saleat THIRTY PER CENT, LESS THAN
AN), and wh'ch we claim to be superior to
PERUVIAN GU.
It has been satisfactor!
Farmers, and analyzed by the most eminent and
Agricultural Chemists and found to contain (aa will
by our circulars) a large per centage of Bone Phowphate
Lime and Phosphorio Acid, xod otber animal organlo
maiter, yielding ammonia suffi lent to produce Immediate
abundant crops, besides substantially enriching the soil It
can be freely used without danger of burning the seed or
plant by coming in contact with It, as is the case with some
other fertilizers; retaining @ kreat dezree of molsture, It
causes the plant to grow In a healthy condition, and as
experience has proved, free of insects, For orders lo any
quantity, (which will be promptly attended to,) or pam-
phieta containing full parUculars of onalyses and teats of
farmers, apply JOUN B, SARDY, pxent
506-188 No. 68 South st., corner of Wall at, N.Y,
600.000 sAGRES, OF HAY MEAL AND Sr.
00. JOSUPH RAILROAD LANDS, For Sale om
Long Credit and at Low Rates of Interest.
These Lands, granted by Congress to aid tn constracting
the Koad, lie, to a great extent within Six Miles and al
within Fifteen Miles of the Road, which Is now completed
through a country unsurpassed In the salubrity of I
mate and fertility of lia Soil. Tis latitude adapta It to a.
greater variety of products than lund elther north or soul
of it, readering the profits of farming more certain and
Steudy than in any other district of our country.
sition Is such as to command at Low Rates of Freleht
bot Northern and
2 BEM
To the Parmer desiring to better his condition, Nea
wishing to invest money in the Weat, or any in
prosperous Home, these Lands are commended ry
For full pay apply 1 ay JOSIAH MUNT
Land Oommissioner Hannibal and st, Joseoh Rallroad,
-18t Hannibal, Mo.
HE LOGAN GRAPE,—The earliest ripening, blac
Fee LOAN i whlch we nee socoaipnenie te eal
T
was seat to us this year earlier (han any Other grape grown
Sutof doors. erry oval: bunch compact.
Our Illustrated ahd Descriptive Ontalogue of over 70 sorts
of Grapes sent to applicants who Inclose a stamp.
600 0. P. BISSELL & SALTER, Rochester, N. Y.
EW GROCERY ESTABLISHMENT,
No. 20 Front Street, Rochester, N. ¥.
JONIN J. JARVIS has opened a Grocery, Stor here
ean be had a choice lot of Groceries— Tess, Oollrem
Sagars, Molasses, Soles, Raising, Prunes, Zante Currants,
Nutmegs, Indigo, Tobacco, Cigars, OLN J. JARVIS.
Rochester, Sept. 13, 1859, 501-186
; UN! SEMINARY
PHIFES UNION ont Griearia Oo, N= Xe
The next School Year_of this Institution, commences on
the first Thursday of September next Por Terms, see
Catalogue at thls Oilice, or pay to
ACHILLES, Proprietor,
Albion, N. ¥., Aug. 8 1859, OL-tr
PERS. SOMETHING NEW.
ALD SOE: BABBITT’S
BEST MEDICINAL SALERATUS, |
AnD
‘kinds of Cake, without onal a
68
Suleratas #7 fake ‘ta Daked 70
manner,
ASD
0 roduclog wholesome resalts, Every
7 terials of Saleratua ls turned to ‘gag and passes
|Piacuh the Bread or Blacult while Baking: con-
as
68 ine of elfervescing water on the top,
{you purchase oné paper, you should preserve the
articular to get the next exact-
d as above,
Bread with this Sal-
65,
(9L-13teow Agents for The Ausatlo and Pacific Guano Co.
eS ee
G7RAWBERRY, SEED FOR SALE.
few Backer
taining more
Pull di
eratas and Sour Milk or Cream Tartar, will
TO srrasy ek Basnager ialeo, directions for mak 70
GQ Water and'Seidius Powders.” ™Atine Bods) ag
MAKE YOUR OWN SOAP,
wit
B. T. Babbitt’s Pure Concen-
trated Potash.
8 Q be Tothing woois are
ads having been Bales of sbicgapy bales Mefiverranean. Chilan SOM's ALBANY,
ron Taesfay ata | {deran.®
an rem
0
168
? ‘ken to disp: Warranted double the strength of ordinary Pot.
extreme rate, | and South American, on prt at full prices. sorte, wblph me nave ceellent Patup in cans—t p., 2.03.2 Da, Ms, a0
ema InO\ONE! AAT S Weaver. mised... 98BN5 Ce ee tn cet at rasta [2 tis. —with full directions for inaking Hard and
2 Berries, Price #1 per package. oftSow. Consameru wil find this the cheapest
L y A®D |Potash In marke!
Prorry & Sxr.rox: e 1 Kiln, Patented Joly, ‘67 Manufactured and for gale by,
TERRILL & JOmNsON. ert aay ta ase for Won oF Goal. 334 odrds a} iad te uaad Watioas ear rome dO
‘ rood. or 14 tans oF i)” 0. D. PAGE. Rochester, NY, - and Nov 68 India st, Boston,
THE DYING YEAR.
Frou the old woods, dim and lonely,
Comes a m
There the winds are sighing only,
Summer’ gone |”
All the bright and sunny honrs,
4 d the green and leofy bowers,
‘With the Summer's Jatost lowers,
Are faded now;
And the brow
Of the waning year
Has been twined with dying leaves;
And the gathering of the sheaves
Tells us Autumn’s here,
Now the winds go loudly moaning
Through the vales;
And the forest trees are groaning
Mourefal tales iy
Of decays that swifily gather,
Of the coming wintry weather,
Of the snow that, like a feather,
Soon will fall;
And the call
Of Death ts sighing
Over all the rippling #trenms;
And the Summer’s lingering gleams
Are sadly dying.
*Tis the waning, waning twilight
Of the year
‘That hovers now, all strangely bright,
Round us here;
And soon the year will pass away,
‘Like the light of an autumn day,
Adown old Winter's dim highway
To its tomb ;
And the gloom
Of the Silent Land
‘Will rest on the bright years flown;
And the winds of Time will moan
O’er the dreamless band!
[Knickerbocker Magazine,
Stor
4 iy
=
i)
Zell
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
OUR THANKSGIVING.
BY CAROLINE A, HOWARD,
THANKsGrviNG in the country, at grandmother's!
Isn’t it splendid? Ours was, though I dare say it
did not differ so very much from hundreds of
others. I hope it did not for the sake of the many
who I should be glad to know were so fortunate, I
shall not linger over a description of the bountiful
supply of good things with which the pantry was
filled. No wonder that little Jos asked Aunt
Cranissa if she locked the pantry door “to keep
the goodies from breaking out,”
As you have all had Thanksgivings of your owa
many a time, you can imagine, while I tell you
something of the place and the people where and
with whom we spent ours,
The house in which my grandmother lived, and
still lives, thank Heaven, is a substantial country
residence about twenty miles froma large city. It
is not a farm-house, for my grandfather was the
village doctor, and in that capacity he managed to
build upon a foundation bequeathed to him by his
father, a pretty substantial fortune for those days.
My grandmother is very youthful in appearance,
and is not so old but she can sympathise with
young folks and share in their enjoyment. She
was very young when she married my grand-
father, a sedate, but excellent middle-aged gentle-
™man—a widower with threechildrbn. She feltlike
achild among them, but after she had a child of
her own,—and she never had but one,—she settled
down into the nicest little housekeeper and the
most devoted wife and mother, People said she
didn’t marry the doctor for love ; no lively young
girl ever fell in love with a sober, quiet man, old
enough to be her father. Some sagely hinted of
Sn early disappointment, but grandmother let them
talk and took no heed. Her husband and his chil-
dren loved her dearly; she had everything that
heart could wish, and was always cheerful and
loving herself,
So you see she was not my real grandma, only
my grandfather's second wife, but her step-children
‘ded her as a mother, and we would not have
thought her less than a grandmother to us for
anything in the world. Aunt Cuarissa was her
only child, and being the youngest and the last one
married, had always lived at home, Little Jor,
his sister Kate, grandmother's namesake, and a
yearling baby, made up Aunt Cranissa’s jewels,
Some of the guests arrived the night before the
great anticipated day,— Uncle Honace and wife,
with seven cousins, of both sexes, from twelye to
twenty years of age. My father and mother, two
brothers and a sister, nearly filled the house by
ten o'clock on Thursday morning. Uncle Jony’s
family had not come, but we were expecting them
in the next train from the city. It had begun to
snow very fast, but we felt so sure that that would
make no differenfe, that a party of us set out for
the station to meet them, Aunt Jane and Cousin
Hetrx were on hand promptly, but no Uncle
Jouy. He had been detained by urgent and unex-
pected business, and would drive out, if possible,
in time for dinner. So we consoled ourselves as
well as we were able, Uncle Joux, though a
lawyer, was by no means “as grave as a judge,”
and was the prime favorite with all his nephews
and nieces. He had married ao beautiful and
eget roman, on whom our unsophisticated
] in childhood as the embodiment
of our ideas of @ Indy of rank, such as we found in
story-books. Of late, however, the grandeur of
the model had seemed somewhat diminished,
Cousin Heres, their only chila, United in herself
the warm heart of her father with the beauty and
Stateliness of her mother. Her naturally fine
talents had been cultivated until she was truly an
accomplished young lady.
The dinner passeth all attempt at description,
Of course it was the finest to which we ever sat
down, but we ate it without Uncle Jou, to whom,
MOORD’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
=
as being the oldest son, had always been conceded
the honor of presiding.
By two o’clock so much snow had fallen that the
fences began to disappear, and dittle Jor said he
should think there was going to be a thanksgiving
dinner out doors, they were laying such big,
white cover.
Our young gentlemen were amusing themselves
in reading and exploring the premises, while “we
girls” betook ourselves to grandmother's room,
where we were shortly joined by the dear old lady
herself, who could never let us be long out of her
sight,
“Why, girls, how still you all are to-day! Ara
you dull because it is so stormy? or has dinner
made you sleepy? Come down and let's have
Some music, Hexen’ will play, and you can all
sing.”
But Cousin Hexen ignored that plan, and the
next suggestion was that grandmother should tell
‘us a story.
"A story? About what? Shall it be a love
story?”
The majority of us were young ladies in our
teens, or @ trifle over, so the yote for the love story
was nearly unanimous. We wheeled grandmother's
cushioned chair to the open fire and arranged our-
selves around in attitudes convenient for listening,
some preferring to sit upon the hearth-rug. With
an affectionate smile grandmother said :
“Kirry Clover was a wild little thing, pretty
and smart, like many a one who has lived and
flourished long since her day. Of course she had
plenty of beaux, and some said she was a bit of a
flirt, though they must have been the envious
ones, for with all her faults, Kirry had o kind
heart.
“Though ber plump and well-rounded little
figure, in a neatly-fitting dress, combined with her
fair complexion and blue eyes to form a quite
attractive picture, Kirry possessed some more
solid attractions, which doubtless had their full
weight with her rustic vassals. Farmer CLover
was well to do in the world, his acres were broad,
his barns were large, and his good, old, honest
heart was larger. Kurry was the only child which
was left to bless his fireside, the others slept
beneath the green grass, or the fading leaves, or
the deep snows on the hill-sides, and his dear and
faithful wife was an invalid who never went beyond
the home which Kirry’s active industry and youth-
ful spirits made so comfortable.
“Korry’s knowledge of the world was not limited
to the retired village which contained her home.
Before her mother required so much of her atten-
tion she had been away to boarding-school, and
with her ready intelligence she soon made herself
one of the most accomplished girls in her native
town, and ‘a capital match for somebody,’ so the
gossips said,
“T suppose Hearn Bert agreed with them, and
with the self-satisfaction which often accompanies
youthful ardor, he considered himself to be that
somebody, and bestowed his attentions accordingly.
‘I suppose you would have said she did not)
him, for she never gave him any ceneouragemeut,
that anybody could see, and never seemed so
happy as when teasing or tantalizing his grave
lordship. He was one of those quiet, conscientious
young men, who, to use Kirry’s expression, ‘ap-
pear to mark their lives by rule and compass.’
There was some fun in teasing bim, she said, he
took it so seriously. But with all her coquetry,
and the little quarrels which they had from time
to time, his visits still continued, and the neigh-
bors prophesied a wedding at farmer Cuover’s,
Kirry knew their thoughts, but with a knowing
shake of her head and a mischievous twinkle in
her eyes, she said to herself—‘ Not so fast my good
friends—I’m not caught yet.’
“Now, Hearn Bext had a cousin, one Canter-
bury Bext, a sprnce and handsome youth, who
kept the village drug store. He was somewhat
older than Hearn, and had the advantage of him
in personal attractions and address, and as he
seemed equally sensible of Miss Kirry’s charms,
he was considered by all but herself, a dangerous
rival. In her secret heart she considered him a
shallow coxcomb, and would have remained an old
maid — much as she dreaded such a fate— sooner
than have married him. But she encouraged his
acquaintance, partly because it amused her to see
the annoyance of sundry maidens who were so
foolish as to admire him, and partly because it was
‘good fun’ to play him off against Hearn; for,
being his cousin, he could not resent it, though
liking it none the better on that account. is
“Hearn was of rather a jealous temperament,
and found plenty of food for it in the yariety and
quantity of attentions which Kirry constantly
Teceived. There was young Iyy Green, who pro-
tested in lisping tones that he would die for ‘Mith
Kurry if she thaid the word;’ and Nancissus
Wuiure, whose father kept a green-house, used to
send her choice boquets, and then call to see if she
received them. Jonny Quit1, Burr Dock and
others, shared her smiles, and poor Hearn seldom
called without finding one or more of them present,
“There was a spelling-school— you've heard of
such things, I dare say—eyery week in the school-
house about half a mile from Kirry’s. She had
been unusually gracious to Hearn for some time,
and on his leaving her the night before the spel-
ling-school, she accompanied him to the door,
taking care to close the parlor door behind her.
Encouraged by her manner, his parting was more
than usually impressive, and he begged the fayor
of her company the following evening, She ex-
cused herself on plea of her mother’s ill-health,
but really to dampen his hopes, which she could
see were rapidly rising.
“The next evening was fair and moonlit, and as
Kirry lighted the candles, she half wished that
she had told Hearn that she would go to the
spelling-school. She had scarcely thought so
when a chaise drove into the yard, ond Mr. Can-
rersory Bexx bowed himself in, In the most
affable manner he greeted her father and mother,
and asked the privilege of taking Miss Kirry to
spelling-school. Neither father nor mother knew
of her refusal to go with Hearn, and urged her to
accept, telling her she must not stay at home all
the time. The idea entered her little wicked brain
that it would be such a good joke to sce Huarn’s
Surprise when she should come in with his cousin,
so she went,
“With an airy motion, and a smile and nod for
everybody, she entered the school-house, but all
the while she was glancing hurriedly around to
see if Hearn was there, By-the-way, girls, when
you see & young girl more than usually talkative
and mirthful in a company where there is one
whom she has wronged or quarreled with, rely
upon it he is never absent from her thoughts,
But Hears wasn’t there that night, and Kirry
being vexed thereat, grew silent and short, and
on reaching home dismissed Mr. Bart number
two quite unceremoniously, for which he retalia-
ted by telling Hears next day that he waited on
her to the spelling-school, and found her company
most agreeable.
“So Hearn stayed away, and she only saw him
at church, when he didn’t appear to see her at all.
“Tt was very hard, and in private Krrry shed
some bitter tears, though if she had seen him the
next instant, she would not have made the slight-
est advance toward a reconciliation. Proud, per-
verse little heart! She made all sorts of excuses
for her own conduct; his was unjustifiable. To
add to her chagrin, Porry Antuvs, an officious
and very intimate friend, as she called herself,
was so kind as to tell her that report said that
Heat Bevt was waiting on Mary Gon, a gay,
giddy girl, whom Krrty detested. Potty said he
had been seen to go there as much as twice a week,
of late.
“After Potty had gone, Kirry had a good cry
all to herself. Then she grew angry. She knew
Hearn could not bear Mary Goxp, he had said so
a hundred times. If he went there it was in the
hope of making Jer jealous, However, she wasn't
sure he did go, but he would see that she could
do without him, easily, _
“Many Goup lived within sight of farmer Cro-
ver’s, and one Sunday evening as Kirry sat by
the parlor window, thinking how lonely the Sun-
day evenings seemed now, she was startled by
the sight of Heara Bart. He had paused, and
was intently gazing ather. She blushed crimson,
and her heart beat quickly, for she thought at first
that he was coming in; but no, he passed, and
running to another window, she saw him enter
Mr. Gorp's house a few moments after. That
night she lay tossing on her lonely pillow, and
when her worn and unrefreshed appearance was
remarked next morning, she said she could not
sleep because the moonlight in her room kept her
awake.
“There was to be a grand cherry party on the
4th of July that year, and Kirry had looked for-
ward to it for a long time. Now she no longer
eared to go, but thinking that Hearn would prob-
ably wait upon Many Goxp, she determined to do
so, if only to show him how little she cared. Her
devoted Canternory was the first to offer his
escort, and she accepted him solely because she
thought him the most disagreeable admirer in her
train,
“Here, again, she had miscalculated, for though
Hearn was there, he bestowed his attentions upon
Lity VAre, the sweé# and modest daughter of
their clergyman. H#?uoticed Krrry’s presence
only by a formal bow in reply to her nonchalant
salutation, and ag they parted, Kirry could not
help comparing herself to the gentle Liy, and
felt humbled.
“Throughout that unhappy day Kirry kept
hoping that something would occur to bring them
together, and that Hearn would make some ad-
vance; but they seemedfated not to meet. Only
once, as she stood near a lage tree, a little apart
from her companions, she ee suddenly and
saw Hearn leaning against the tree on the other
side. He had not observed her, and hastily obey-
ing her first impulse, she moved away. In after
years she often recurred to that moment, and
thought, ‘Ab, how much better for us both would
it have been, had I silenced my proud heart, and
going to him, inquired in what I had offended!’
“Such reflections were generally put to flight,
when she considered that they had never been
engaged, and, except so far as they understood
each other, there was nothing binding in their
relations, Connected by a link so slender as to
be almost invisible, now that it was to be severed,
each suffered a severe pang, while gradually the
breach was widening, thongh both were too proud
to offer to lessen it until they could be certain of
the wishes of the other.
“The summer waned, and with it the roses on
Kirry’s cheeks. People remarked her paleness,
but she was well, ‘perfectly well,’ she said, and
her eyes beamed as brightly, her voice was as
gentle and sweet as ever, while her langh among
her young companions was more gay, though less
frequent than before. In her own quiet home,
with no curious eyes upon her, her mother saw
that her step grew less elastic, and that when
spoken to, she started sometimes as if recalled
from some far land of dreams.
“Now I am not going to tell you how she pined
away like a wilted bud, and died at length of ao
broken heart. I leave such things to the roman-
cers, for I have to deal with a woman of flesh and
blood, I think Suaxspeare spoke almost as truly
of them as of men, when he said
*Men haye died from time to time,
And worms haye eaten them— °
But not for love,’
I'm not sure that’s quiteit, Ihaven’t read Snaxs-
PEARE much lately, but when I was a girl I didn't
want any better reading, except my Bible.
“Dear me, children! It grows late, and I must
cut my story short.
“One day towards the last of October, when
Kirry was feeling more than usually depressed,
and under the influence of the general decay
around her, she penned a litle note and sentit to
Heatu Betx. This is what she wrote;
‘I know that in some way I have offended you, I
fear that I have been to blame in not making this ac-
knowledgment sooner, I donot make it now in any
hope of reparing a broken friend’hip—I suppose it is
too late for that. I only ask you to forgive me if I hayo
been unkind to you, and remember me hereafler ag
one who sincerely esteemed you.’
“She sent it immediately, otherwise he would
not have received it, for scarcely had it gone ere
she reproached herself for her weakness. Perhaps
you think, yourselves, that it was not avery maid-
enly act, but may be you would have done the
same. We can't say till we're tried. As she
:
said, she had no hope that he would ever return;
she wrote to ease her conscience, which had fora
long time been ill at ease.
“Two days from the date of the note it was
answered thus:
‘Thave nothing to forgive in you, thongh bad you
said, two months ago, as much as you have now, we
might both haye been spared much pain, There js
much in my own conduct which I never can forgive,
With regard to the change in my feelings toward yon,
T bave nothing to say, I can say nothing. Kirry,1
sball (Gon willing,) be married on the approaching
Thanksgiving day, to Linx Vaz, whom you know,
and I am sure must love’ "
“That was a sorrowful Thanksgiving at Farmer
Coven’s, for Kitty lay sick with a fever. The
doctor thought it had been brought on by weak-
ness, and too frequent exposure and exertion in
attending the religious meetings, in which Kirty
hud of late felt a deep interest, So great had
been her eagerness to attend them, that her pa-
rents could not deny her the privilege.
“When she recovered her health she seldom
exhibited that exuberance of Spirits once go natu-
ral to her, but there was a gentle womanliness
about her, that was quite as pleasing. As she
united with the church soon after, most of her
friends ascribed her altered manners to that cause,
and they were right in some degree.
“The change in her prepared them somewhat
for the event which shortly took place—namely,
her marriage to a person yery different from any
of her former lovers, though some shook their
heads very gravely when they beheld the husband
elect, in Perry Wing xe, Esq., a man old enough
to be her father.”
“Why, grandmother! That is too bad! You
don’t think Kirry /oved him, do you?”
“TI don't pretend to say,” replied grandmother,
segely. “Such things are not impossible, when,
as in Kirry's case, the gentleman did not look so
old, and was good, and kind, and in all respects
trustworthy. I rather think Kirry did love him,
but for all that I do not sdvise you girls to follow
her example, even should you lose a youthful
lover like Hzarn Bex,”
As she pronounced the last words, I stole a
hasty glance at Cousin Heven, and noticed that
her large, dark eyes, apparently fixed on vacancy,
were shining with crystal drops.
There is a wee bit of romance about this Cousin
Haven of ours. There always is, you know, about
stately, handsome cousins,
Her father had a ward, young Ropenr Frecpixa,
@ fine, manly fellow, whom we all loved, and
thought (to ourselves) was an excellent match for
Hetex. As uncle Joun lived at quite a distance,
we did not have a chance to observe matters very
closely, but just as we had made up our minds
that everything was in good train for the desired
consummation, off went Rosent very suddenly to
New York, and had not been seen by us since,
while Hexen was statelier than eyer when we saw
her next, and resented all our jokes with her on
Roperr's disappearance. I had formed my owd
conjectures, and subsequent events confirmed
them.
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA.
1 AM composed of 8 lettera,
My 8, 7 is an exclamation.
My 4, 6 is a river in Europe,
My 3, 2, 8 is a certain kind of fish.
My 6, 7,7 is the peculiar noise of a common bird.
My 1, 3, 3,4 is. plant
My 4, 7, 7, $ is a small collecti water,
My 4,3, 5,11sa grain measure,
My 3, 8, 8 is a measure of length,
My 8, 6, 5, 1 is sometimes troublesome to burglars,
My 5, 8, 7, 5, 1 is a very useful instrument,
My 4, 6, 2 is the namo of a celebrated poet.
My 8, 7, 5, 1 1s a part of a gun,
My 1, 2, 8, 8 18 & part of a ship,
My 4, 6, 1, 8 is a machine, the purpose thereof is tokeep
unruly animals within bounds,
My whole would be well for every passionate person
to remember. Sax Horxrxs,
Fayette, Seneca ©o,, N. Y., 1859.
(2~ Answer in two weeka,
ILLUSTRATED REBUS,
{7 The Answer will be given in two weeks.
For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker,
GEOMETRICAL PROBLEM.
Waar fs the diameter of a circle, within whtch Is
insoribed four circles, each six inches in diameter?
North Bergen, Gen, Co,, N. Y. E. W. Horr,
§~ Answer in two weeks.
‘Tre Lover's Puzzie.—To learn to read the follow-
ing, #0 as to make good sense, is a mystery, If any of
our |i friends can do s0, they may call and get the
printer's hat:
I thee read see that me
Love is down will Pil haye
Bat that and yon bave you'll
One and up and youif.
ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS, &c,, IN No. 513,
Answer to Gcographical Enigma :—An editor's offlce
without a lounger.
Answer to Miscellaneous Enigma :—Piety is the best
Practice.
Answer to Algebraical Problem:—He had traveled
85 miles; he traveled 2% miles an hour; police traveled
4 miles an hour,
tn ere ee
TERMS OF THE RURAL FOR 1860.
As soon as grandmother had finished her story,
which I strongly suspected to be a page in her
own life-history, we hastened down stairs to enjoy
4 quiet hour of music before tea. Cousin Hexen,
after much persuasion, had consented to play for
us, and was in the midst of that beautiful German
song, ‘‘ When the Swallows,” when there was an
outcry among the children, and uncle Joun ap-
peared with one upon his shoulder and another
tae his great-coat. And who do you think
was with him, besides? Why, Ronsrr Frexprxo,
to be sure!
There was not any scene at this discovery, so I
shall not attempt to get up one. Cousin Heten
greeted him very much as the rest of us did, and
all made him very welcome. Late in the evening
Thad occasion to enter the room which had for-
merly been the doctor's study. A bright fire
blazed upon the hearth, and the wintry moonlight
streamed in, for the storm had ceased. My
entrance was unperceived by two figures upon
the sofa, and I beat a hasty retreat just as one of
them said in a subdued and tearful voice, “I
know, Ronerr, that it was but a trifle, not worth
quarreling about, but if sorrow could do it, I have
earned your forgiveness.”
Could that haye been Cousin Heten—our gueen-
cousin, as we often called her? I never asked, but
this I know, that we all went to her wedding about
Valentine’s time the next spring, and the bride-
groom was not Mr. Mossy, the rich old bachelor
who had for a long time been trying to win her
favor, to the great alarm of her anxious relatives.
After all, what a common-place affair our
Thanksgiving was! I don’t doubt that a great
many of you think so, but what is human nature,
the world over, but commonplace?
ee
Tatent anv Genrus.—Very felicitous is Dr.
Holmes when he says, “ the world is always ready
to receive talent with open arms. Very often it
does not know what to do with genius. Talent is
a docile creature. It bows it head meekly while
the world slips the collar over it. It backs into
theshaftslikealamb. Itdrawsits load cheerfully,
and is patient of thebit and the whip. Butgenius
is always impatient of its harness, its wild blood
makes if bard to train.
“(A goose flies by a chart which the Royat Geo-
graphical Society could not mend. A poet, like
the goose, sails without visible landmarks to un-
explored regions of truth, which philosophy has
failed to lay down uponits atlas, The philosopher
gets his track by observation; the poet trusts to
his inner sense, and makes the straighter and
swifter line. i "
“Talent is a yery common family trait; genios
belongs rather to individuals; just as you find one
giant or one dwarf in o family, but rarely a whole
brood of either. Talent is often to be envied, and
genius yery commonly to be pitied. It stands
twice the chance of the other of dying ina hospital,
in jail, in debt, in bad repute. Itis a perpetual
insult to mediocrity; its very word is a trespass
against somebody's vested idens,”
Ir aman cannot find ease within himself, it is
to little purpose to seek it anywhere else.
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MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
Reetrnitarad, "ae Fete eee Weekly,
BY D, D, T, MOORE, ROCHESTER, N.Y:
Ofice, Union Buildings, Opposite tho Court House, Bullalo St.
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and one free to club agent, for #10; Ten, and one free, for
#15; Fifteen, and one free, for #21; Twenty, and one free,
for $25 —with an extra free copy for every Ten Sabscribera
over Twenty, Club papers sent to diferent Post-ofllces, If de-
ured, An we pre-pay American postage 02 papers sent to
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‘add 12} cents per copy to the club rates of Lee
‘The lowest price of coples sent to Europe, &c,, 18 only #2.
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aa ine or rae Rorat Is only 24 cents per quarter
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‘
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“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.”
[SINGLE NO. FOUR CENTS.
’
VOL. X. NO. 48}
ROCHESTER, N. Y,—FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 26, 1859.
“YWHOLE NO. 516.
é
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
AN ORIGINAL WEEKLY
BURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER.
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE,
‘With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors.
Tam Ronav New-Yorker s designed to be unsurpassed
in Value, Purity, Usefulness and Varlety of Contents, and
unique and beautiful in Appearance, Its Conductor devotes
bis persona) attention to the supervision of its various de-
partments, and earnestly labors to render the Rurau an
eminently Reliable Guide on all the important Practical,
Sclentific and ottier Subjects intimately connected with the
business of those whose interests It zealously advocates.—
It embraces more Agricultural, Horticultural, Scientific,
Educational, Literary and News Matter, Interspersed with
appropriate and beautiful Engravings, than any other jour-
nal,—rendering it the most complete AonicunrunaL, Lrr-
HRABY AND PawILy Newsrapen in America,
$27 All communications, and business letters, should be
addressed te D. D. T. MOORE, Rochester, N. Y.
For Tens and other particulars, see last page,
INQUIRIES AND NOTES.
Potatoes Changing in the Till.
___TLast Searsa_1 cut three potatoes iota thirty seta
and planted them. The potntocs were red and white,
To-day Idugthem. About half are red and white, the
restare all white. On one stalk there were red and
white potatoes and some all white, Can you explain
the canuse.—W. M. Beaveuanr, Skaneateles, N, Y.,
Oct, 29,
Parti-colored potatoes, as white and red, some-
times grow almost, or entirely, of one color. The
White Peach Blow, for instance, we have grown
ibis season with scarcely a shade of red, while
other specimens are almost entirely of this color,
with only a faint show of white. If they are alike
in other respects, this cannot be called a change,
With a change in the hill further than this, ora
mixing of varieties in the hill, we have no expe-
rience, having never seen the like, nor do we pre-
tend to account for some strange statements
which we have seen, They are beyond our com-
prehension, '
Root Cutters+
_ Bodte of the faffiers in this section, myself among
thé fest, aro beginning to learn the value of roots as a
help in winter feeding, What we want now ts some
simple and cheap machine for cutting them up, If
something that farmers could make themselves, all the
Detter.—T. S., Orleans Co. N. ¥., 1859,
Tue simplest arrangement for a root-cutter, is
_ to fasten a knife in a block of wood, and attach a
handle, which will be like a heavy clothes-pounder
—the knife inserted in the lower end. The roots
must be placed in a strong trough for chopping.
This is rather slow work, but where only a few are
needed every day, it can easily be done during the
leisure time of winter, when work is scarce and
time not very precious. The next most simple
form is the arrangement of knives, so that they
can be operated by a lever, somewhat in the fash.
jon of a nut-cracker,
LEVER ROOT-CUTTER,
h ove shows a lever cutter ‘in use in Bn-
gland. One cheek is an open “harp” of edges
arranged in a cup-shapen manner, and the other a
block fitting those edges, so that «
between the two is forced by the former through
sateen 3 Wiens as a time is cut, and is
livered in slices below. The most epproved
cutters now in Sain an calea
ae & coarsely grind the rob!
is the favo)
the
ts are the con-
Yenience of mixing with meal, shorts, Kc.
Quite a good machine is made by several manu-
facturers of agricultural implements, called the
Vegetable Outter, and is sold by many of the dealers
throughout the country, at $12. The engraving
above will give a very good ides of its appearance.
ROTARY ROOT-CUTTER,
The large wheel shown, is the cutting wheel, made
of cast iron and faced on one side, through which
is inserted three knives, like plane-irons. These
cut the vegetables into thin slices with great
rapidity, and then by cross-knives they are cut
into strips of convenient form and size for cattle
orsheep to eat. It is said to cut sixty bushels in
an hour.
The Way to Approach a Bee-Five.
A wuutirvbeE of your subscribers will be everlast-
ingly obliged to any aplarlans who will give us a lesson
or two upon the right and safe way to approach a bec-
hive when you desire to inspect it, or take honey from
the boxes. Itis not enough with our bees to puton a
ld front, and pretend to be at home and fearless, for
ud aveniinel always armed to the teoth rendy to
report, without waiting for the countersign, the ap-
proach of any one, Itis a fact that some individuals,
for some unexplainable reason, can handle bees with
impunity, while others, for some reason, cannot.
Singing masters say al/ can sing; patent bee-hive
venders say a// can handle bees, if they only think so.
Bat facts, stubborn facts, upset each theory. We are
told, “disturb the bees and they will fll themselves
with honey, and when go filled, they are good-natured,
and not disposed to sling” Well, if this is necessary,
how shall we do it—with a long pole, at a safe distance,
or otherwise? Let us, Messrs. Editors, have the A, B,
©, of the matter, commencing at least two rode from
the hive. Orsay plainly, you probably are not a favor-
ite with the bees, and might as well give them up.—J.
B,, Batavia, Kane Co., I, 1800,
Iris said that some persons are go offensive to
bees, that they will never allow them to approach
thelr hives, and will sting them whenever they
get a chance; but such cases, if they exist, are
rare, and if our correspondent finds himself one
of these rare exceptions, he had better keep as far
from the bees as possible, and obtain the sweets
of life from some other source. As a general
thing, the hives may be approached and handled
sufficiently to remove the surplus honey boxes,
without the least danger. All that is necessary is
to be careful, slow, and grac¢ful in all your mo-
tions, Any jarring or blundering work of any
kind around the hive, will causé a commotion
among the bees, A clumsy, careless, slovenly,
bungling man will never make a successful bee-
keeper, unless he turns oyer an entirely new leaf,
These are the kind of folks, we rather suspect, to
which the hees show such aversion,
Dut, ouf correspondent says, ‘it is not enough
With our bees to put on a bold front, and pretend
to be at home and fearless.” When the coward
puts on airs and pretends to be bold and fearless,
he generally makes very bad work of it, and
shows his fears more than though he had not
attempted to appear in a false character. So our
correspondent, we fear, when he pretends to be
“at home und fearless,” is watching narrowly
every bee, expecting every moment to have his
mortal body pierced with a poisonous dart. We
seldom are children stung with bees, even though
they play around and among the hiyes. Their
‘onfidenceis not pretended. The present summer
a child about fifteen months old wandered from
its mother, and made directly to one of our hives.
Placing himself at the front he commenced play-
ing With the bees, as they crawled over his hands,
‘and was engaged in this play for some time
sninjured, before his mother discovered his dan-
erous situation, when she rushed to the rescue.
The A, B, C of Bee Culture is justwhat we need
at this day, for most of the recent writings on the
there is no use in commencing wo rods from the
hive, nor will J.B, find that distance any safer
than two feet from it. The bees are long-sighted,
Pulpers, | and we have often noticed that if any one is stung
into a pulp, | during any operation with the hive, it is some
Hat least two rods
n s tof danger. If you
spay, “ot a ot assume a confidence
Foudo not feel, but attend to your surplus homey
boxes in the cool of the evening, or very early in
di
—
on
——
anything pleced | subject have been more curious than useful. But |
the morning, when the bees are quiet. If you
wish to examine the condition of the bees and the
comb, and use a Lanostrorn hive, which gives
the keeper almost as much control over his bees
as be has over his chickens, then roll up a piece
of old cotton cloth, and light it so that it will
make a good smoke. Take off the top of the hive,
and a little smoke among the bees, and they
mil one quiet. Then go to work, and if at
any time during the operation the bees show signs
of discontent or unger, give them a little more
smoke, and all will be quiet, the bees becoming as
harmless us flies. Your copfidence must be real,
aud not assumed, which is somewhat difficult for
the beginner. As a sure protection against the
sting of the bee, get a piece of wire cloth, such
as the bottoms of seives are made of, eighteen
inches wide and three fect long; fasten this togetber
in the form of a large hat, so that it will cover
the head and rest upon the shoulders. The top
may be of cloth or a thin piece of board, On the
bottom edge sew a piece of cloth one foot in width,
something like a frill. Put on the hat, tuck the
frill under your coat, and button it up, and then
put on a pair of India rubber gloves, and no bee
can possibly inflict a stings These can be used
until you gain confidence, but you will soon throw
off the gloves, and use the hat only occasionally
when performing some important operation, like
changing bees from one hive to another. The
fact is, bees seldom sting unless pinched, or hurt
in some way, unless they get among the bair, in
which case they almost invariably use their stings.
Bees filled with honey seldom sting. A sprink-
ling of sirup from a watering pot will quiet, ina
minute, the most angry swarm,
aad “EUROPEAN AGRICUL TURE,
Cuance or Seep Wueat— Early Mipening, de,
—During the present year the Ruray New-Yonker
has contained a considerable number of articles
upon Wheat, its Cultivation and Characteristics,
and, among the subjects discussed, the advantages
to be derived from a change of seed, have had a
full share of notice. Our brethren across the
water are agitating the question, and we may be
able to draw something of benefit from their con-
clusions. Inthe London Agricultural Gazette, of
October 1st, a correspondent wants a change of
seed. He has asked advice from one of his neigh-
bors, who recommends him to go to the north and
obtain from a colder climate the change he needs;
he has asked auother of his neighbors, and by him
he is recommended to go to the southern counties
and obtain his seed where the harvest is three
weeks earlier than itis in Scotland, Now, whose
recommendation is he to adopt?
This is the query, and the editor replies as
follows :—“‘ Let it, in the first place, be admitted,
that a healthy grown, thoronghly ripenend seed is
perfect of its kind, and that, these conditions
being fulfilled, it matters nothing whether it be
grown on chalk, or clay, or sand, A ‘change’
from one geological formation to another, or from
one farm to another, {s not, as some seeili to think
it, necessarily an advantage, But you can obtain
healthily grown and thordughly ripened wheat in
Any county in the kingdom, and if, having it, you
hate that which is perfect of its ‘kind’ itis plain
that you need not travel for a ‘change.’ The
question, however, is—what of the character of a
grain is involved in this term ‘kind;’ and the
answer we presume to be—all that it inherited or
can transmit, Now nothing is more certain in
agricultural experience than that, besides those
characters of plants which botanists admit as the
permanent distinctions of species, there are other
habits or features, of greater or less permanence,
which plants acquire by the constant treatment of
the cultivator or the constant influence of habitat
and climate, and which, though capable of altera-
tion and ultimate extinction by other treatment,
are yet not altogether transient, but will re-appear
in subsequent seasons in greater or less degree
according as the circumstances of the locality or
season are fayorableor otherwise. Thus we doubt
not that a ‘kind’ distinguished for several years
under good cultivation for extraordinary produc-
tiveness will be more likely than one of inferior
character in this respect to yield well under infe-
rior cultivation, And the advice which we should
offer to our correspondent would be, simply to
fook out for seed of s sort which has been known
for many years to yield most bushels per sore of
good grain. Tf he can get it from his neighbor
then he will ‘be saved the trouble of sending to
either en of the island for it.
“There are, however, characters which grain
from Sussex and from Aberdeen respectively are
likely to bring with them in addition to the quan-
tity or quality of the produce; and if a choice
must be made between the two it must hinge upon
the relatiye value of those characteristics which
the respective climates of those counties are likely
GROUP OF SILESIAN MERINO SHEEP.
Our engraving represents a group of Silesian
Sheep, owned by Mr. Georce Caurrexy, of West
Westminster, Vermont, who has the reputation of |
being a good shephered andhonorable man, Tho’
the first importation of Silesians into this country
was made within the past ten years, they have
been somewhat widely disseminated, and there
fre now many fine flocks in this State, Vermont,
Ohio, and elsewhere, These have principally
sprung from the importations of Messrs. SANFoRb |
& Campnect, of Vermont, Wa. Cuanervarn, of
Dutchess Co., N. Y., and Wx. H. Lapp, of Jeffer-
son Co., Ohio. Perhaps we cannot better give the |
history and characteristics of this breed of sheep, |
than by copying the following paragraph from
an excellent series of articles written by Sanronp
Howarp, and published in a former volume of the
Rorat New-Yorker:
The Silesian Merino.—This breed was derived
from one hundred ewes and four rams taken from
the Infantado Negretti flock in Spain, and carried |
to Prussian Silesia, in 1511. Such, at least, was
the origin of those which haye been introduced
into the United States under thisname, The first
were imported by Wa. R. Sanrorp, and Geo.
Campnetn, of Vermont, in 1851. Other importa- —
tions have since Ween made by Messrs. Cuamnen-
Lain, Cappers & Lapp. It is yet too early to
pronounce, positively, as to what these Silesian
Merinos will do. in the country, generally, but so
for ag experience with them has gone, we believe
it to be highly in their fayor. The sheep appear
‘to excél in'the following points:—Ist, the thick-
ness of the wool as it stands on the skin, growing
fo an unusual extent on the belly, and covering
nearly every part, giving an uncommon weight
of fleece in proportion to the size of the carcass;
£d, the fineness of the staple considered in refer-
ence to the weight of fleece; 3d, the uniform
character of the fleece, the wool on the belly and
thighs approximating, to a remarkable degree,
the quality of that on the back; 4th, the fullness,
evenness, and elasticity of staple. They have
rather small bones, and the body is symmetrical.
‘The different animals are quite uniform in their
appearance and properties, e
*
to have encouraged, and as it were imprinted. Is
hardiness and ability to withstand severity of win-
ter and spring especially desired, then seed from
the northern county will probably be preferred.
Is earliness of ripening desired, then though this
is probably a less certain character than the other,
yet it is more likely to be found in grain from
Sussex than in that from Aberdeen, Itis proba-
ble that the latter is generally in this country the
most valuable character of the two, and that if our
correspondent cannot get what he wants at hand
fe haa Petter apply to some wheat grower in the
South.’ a
Cispens For Pros. —J. J. Minx, of Triptree
Hall, England, bas been publishing his experience
in fattening swibe, and, among other things, he has
learned the fact ‘that pigs are very fond of coal
ashes or cinders, and that you can hardly fat pigs
properly on boarded floors without giving them a
moderate supply daily, or occasionally.” He says:
“Jn the absence of coal ashes, burned clay or
Drick-dust is a good substitute. If you do not
supply ashes they will gnaw or eat the brick walls
of their sheds, I leave to science to explain the
cause of this want. It is notorious that coal deal-
ers, where pigs have access to the coals, are gene-
rally successful pig feeders. Those who find that
their pigs, when shut up, do not progress favora-
bly will do well to try this plan; a neighbor of
mine found that a score of fat pigs consume quite
a basket of burned clay ashes daily ; we know that
there is an abundance of elkali in ashes. I wish
some of your practical correspondents would com-
municate their experience on this matter, and 1
also want them to atate how many pounds of barley
meal it takes to make 1 stone (14 pounds) of
pork, not dead weight.”
Coxtivatixa Hors—A valuable dintovery in
the cultivation of hops, bas just bees communi
cated to the French Academy. Like vome agricul-
tural improvements, it has been the result of
observations made by a laboring peasant. It
consists in making the plant Fun in & horizontal
direction, instead of climbing up the pole. This
js managed by means ofS low trellis-work of the
simplest construction. The advantages of this
niode of culture ateamerous. In the first place,
+ enables the grower to investigate the plant
iwhile growing, end cleanse it from the numerous
insects which ipjere it to so vast an extent; then
it is protected from the sun, which always destroys
the upper shoots; it obviates the great destruction
of hops in very stormy weather, when the wi
lays low whole hop grounds from the heigh'
of the poles; and, most of all, it enables the —
gathering of the cones to take place withou
uprooting the plant, besides permitting the selec-
tion of the ripest ones at first, and preventing th
great loss which arises from the necessity of tear-
ing down the whole plant to get at the ripest
blossoms,
Growixe tHe Same Crop Too Orrex. —Tt bas
been a practice on many of the light or mixed
soils of England, to follow what is called the
four course rotation— that is,—I1st, turnips; 24,
barley; 3d, red clover; 4th, wheat. It will at
once be seen that this system required heavy
manuring, and is one of the most profitable
courses adopted in Great Britain, At a late meet-
ing of the Farmers’ Club of London, the subject
was brought under discussion, as it had been
found by « lopg experience that the frequent
return of the turnip crop had rendered the land
unable to produce this crop, even with the most
liberal aid of artificial manures. The crop grew,
but it was not bealtby; the turnips were diseased.
Some of the speakers recommended an application
ofcommon saltand guono. On the light soils, the
salt was found very beneficial; it had a marked
effect in stiffening the straw of the grain crops,
On clay Jand it was found to make the soil more
adhesive, and was therefore considered to operate
injariously.
oe
WINTERING STOUK.
How to WinterStock on ashort supply of forage,
seems just now an important question. I can tell
how a very intimate friend of the Colonel's did
Jast winter, and perhaps somebody may be the
better for it.
This gentlethan had a pretty good pile of corn-
stalks, well saved, His stock consisted of cows,
and his teem of horses, but he had little straw and
less hy. He's a great believer in the virtues of
cornstelks, and thinks he knows how to feed them.
The first thing he did was to buy of Fowler & Day,
of Fowlerville, one of their strav-cutters and get
it’home, Then he fixed some tubs, by sawing
{good stout barrels in two, and made a good warm
Stable for his cattle.
EOS h ANS
i
“|
The stocks were all cut, and more OF less straw
was cut with taem. Each cow was allowed all she
could eat three times a day, and the mess night
and morning was fixed in this wise:—The cows a
noon had a feed of dry cut stalks and straw, which
they would eat pretty clean except the coarser
bits. At about 5 o'clock these were gathered into
the tubs and enough more added to make the even-
ing meal. To this was added two quarts of corn
meal and two quorts of bran, and hot water turned
op, a8 much as would well moisten the whole, and
all well mixed. The morning meal was the same,
being mixed over night or early in the morning.
In this way no stalks were wasted, the cows gave
a good supply of milk, and increased in condition.
It was some trouble, but the manure paid for that
abundantly. On Long Island, where it is the
custom for the farmers to sell their hay, they keep
their horses mainly on cut stalks and ground feed,
and their teams look well.
The Colonel's friend and I agree that we can
winter four times as much stock upon an sore of
corn and stalks as upon the hay from an acre, and
that there is no profit in growing hay for stock
upon Jand that will produce good corn. But the
corn must be ground, and the stalks cut, and
cooked with the meal.—r.
St
WHAT HAS BECOME OF THE BUTTER?
Tue above question, so emphatically asked in
the Runa of the 5th of November, I will answer
briefly,—it was not wape. And by the first of
Morch or April next, the inquiry will be as
anxiously made, What Jas become of the Hay?
The answer is equally short,—it did not crow.
The same reasons that caused a failure in the
hay crop apply with equal force to the butter. A
large falling off from both may be attributed to the
two frosts of June. The frost not only reduced
the quantity but deteriorated the quality of both.
The same bulk of hay that grew on the weak
meadows that did not head out would not weigh
more than three-fourths as much, and would not
contain more than half the nutriment of good hay;
and pastures suffered equally as much. I do not
believe that the pasture lands of the severe frost-
bitten districts afford more than one-third their
usual supply—that is, for fattening or making
butter. This estimate is perhaps too low for keep-
ing the breath of life in cattle, which is nearly all
that has been done where the pastures were
stocked up to their usual capacity.
The frost-bitten, bitter grass will tell, in more
ways than one, ‘* What has become of the Butter?”
A firkin that opens fair, will, before it is consumed
by a small family, in many instances, become
rancid, and in more, nearly rotten by May. This
is not the fault of the dairyman, as it is out of the
question to make first quality, or even good butter,
frost-bitten grass. Those who haye butter to buy
will do well to look for it in sections of the country
that bave escaped the frost.
The frost was a most singular one, It ruined
some meadows and pastures, and left others
entirely unipjured, on the same farm; and so with
corn and left the fourth, in the same hill. There
are a fewy dairymen who saw the condition of their
pastures, and disposed of their butter to be used
whilst fresh, (as it lacked solidity and flayor,) so
causes will not affect cheese so essentially as to
raise the price materially, as a table can be set
the table has a bad look.
These calamities must not all be attributed to
the frost, as there are some portions of the country
from the frost.
that will keep good through the winter, out of
fruit. In some instances it killed three spears of
that what they have on hand is good. These
and a good meal made without it. Without butter
that are good grazing land that did not suffer
The drouth of May told with severity on all, as
well as the unprecedented drouth of ’53, which
killed out some of the timothy—and the severe
PRIVATE NOTES WORTHY OF PUBLICITY.
Iw giving the following extracts from a private
letter, we have no intention of transcending “‘the
modest prescriptions of Quaker discipline.” As
the remarks are from a Jong-time correspondent
of the Rurat, and pertinently refer to and review
matters which appeared in its last number, we see
no impropriety in presenting them to our parish
of readers:
A CRITIC CRITICISED AND COMPLIMENTED.
I covuy but feel that) H. T. Brooks criticised
Gneeter a little too roughly, transcending as he
did the modest prescriptions of Quaker discipline,
True, Gneeter is a little vain, and not always
alive to the adyerse side of his argument; but
what would he be without his vanity, or what
could he do to interest others, if he was visited by
the swoons of self-esteem? If he was more pro-
found, and less dogmatical, he would be a sealed
book to at least one-half of the million that now
endorse his specious, ill-digested theories; but his
untiring industry, energy and confidence in him-
self entitles him to become an institution of the
age in which he lives. I like H. T. B. There is a
quaint, epigrammatio originality about him, not
borrowed from the schools; and his truly practi-
cal, farm education gives him a great advantage
over all mere theorists and amateurs in farming.
He will neither be carried away by a Comstock, or
batten in the rut of tradition,
VALUE OF STRAW—ITS PROPER OFFICE.
I can also but think that the Rurat avait beau,
as the French say, to publish that table from Dr.
Prayrair. Regal chemist as he is, he evidently
lacks Bousstxcavur’s farm-life experience, when
he says that 100 lbs. of wheat straw contains as
much organic matter as 100 lbs. of linseed meal,
beans, &c. He should also say that the organic
matter of the straw was nearly all carbon, about
as nutritious as charcoal, and altho’ serviceable to
distend, and keep up animal heat in the stomach
in cold weather, it has very little intrinsic nour-
ishment if fed alone. Scotch Jonnston never com-
pels his stock to eat straw, but he invites his sheep
to do it by adding to it the most nitrogenous food
—oil meal, oat meal, &c. Every farmer knows
that cattle will hardly eat straw until they need it
to burn in their stomachs in cold or stormy
weather. At the great livery stables they cut hay
instead of straw, on which to put the meal. The
proper office for wheat straw is to litter cattle
rather than to feed them; it is a great absorbent
of the wealth of animal manures. It is early cut
hay, cured with its juices intact, well saved stalks,
meal, &c., that makes the bone, muscle and flesh
of animals on the farm. Hence, when the Royal
chemist says that 100 Ibs. of straw contains as
much “real food” (nitrogenous, of course,) ag
100 Ibs. of hay, he certainly brings chemistry into
disrepute with those farmers whose faith in
science is not as well grounded as yours or mine.
MANURING PASTURES AND MEADOWS.
Your correspondent, O. D. Hitt, of Jefferson
Co., “needs not that any man teach him.” His
plan of manuring in the spring with fresh stall
manure turned under, is very economical, and so
is his succeeding mode of plowing and culture —
Yet, on large dairy farms, top-dressing meadows
in early winter, or as long as the snow lasts, may
be equally economical; but if manure is kept over
the summer it must be saved from waste by fire-
fang as well as washing. If there is any farm to
be envied it is one whose meadows and pastures
need no renewing. I have seen white clover half-
leg high in August, in the pastures of a dairy re-
gion, when, in our grain region, farmers milked
seyen cows into one pail. These pastures had not
been plowed in the last twenty years. Yet many
of these highly-favored dairy farmers sigh for
farms at the West, where they can grow the large
Dent corn, fat plenty of pork, and enjoy the fever
wi
pouring a quantity of boiling water upon the
winters of fifty-eight and nine disposed of at least
one-half the clover in some sections where the
soil was unprotected by snow. The next inquiry
will be, ‘What has become of the corn?” —for a
farmer that has no hay or grass has not much of
anything by the time his cattle have raised May
hill; and add to that no corn and he bas got noth-
ing. I never saw a country where there was no
grass that had much personal property; and
whenever I get where there is no grass, and no
butter, I take the back track. Having found but
little on this side, I am sure there will be less on
the other, and ‘Nothing in the House or in the
Barn either.” A. B. Dickinson.
Hornby, N. Y., Noy., 1859.
and sgue!
es
HOW TO MAKE BEESWAX—A NEW PROCESS,
Eps. Rorat New-Yorker:—The methods of
making Beeswax, in large or small quantities, are
known to be many, but as only a few are supposed
to be acquainted with my method, I shall take the
liberty of making it public, hoping that others,
haying a better one, or as good, even, will do
likewise. ,
Before giving the process of making, I would
state that the bee-keeper should look well to his
own interests before he suffers his comb to be
made into war. Combs—pure white combs—and
those even, of two to three years’ use, are of inesti-
mable yalue,— that is, if they are bright and
healthy, of much size, and not too much marred or
bruised. To prove this assertion, it needs only be
said that it is now pretty generally conceded by
our best Apiarians, that it requires twenty pounds
of honey, for the elaboration of one pound of wax ;
hence, it will be seen that whoever melts his good
combs is not a very good economist. Those who
use movable frames can fasten their good combs
in the frames to be used the following season; or,
as may be wanted. The nicest combs may be
used as guides in the surplus honey boxes, This
process is intended only for manufacturing wax
out of combs that are unfit for the above purposes.
Yet those who will persist in following the error
of their ways, may, of course, adopt the same
means of procuring the wax from combs of two to
three years’ use,
Tux Process.—Pill a kettle, of avy desirable
SMALL AND LARGE POTATOES FOR SEED.
fps. Runat New-Yorker:—I have often seen
it published, and more often heard it asserted,
that farmers used too much seed in planting
potatoes, which induced me to try a small experi-
ment the past season. The kind chosen was what
is known as Sthe Round Pink Lye, the length of
rows fifty-one hills. Row number one was plant-
ed with the largest that could be selected, and
number éoo with those of the size of a good but-
ternut. The soil had been cultivated for two
years, and slightly manured, with the exception
of a small strip on the west end of the rows,
which had been a pasture for hogs for three years.
The treatment was in all respects alike, after they
Were planted.
Now, mark the result. The large tubers pro-
duced from eight to thirty vines in a hill, the
Small ones from two to eight. The potatoes
may, run through tbe strainer, occasionally
refuse matter, as the melted wax quickly cools
and collects thereon.
If the foregoing directions are strictly adhered to
there will be no need of re-boiling and re-straining
the coarse refuse matter; if not, it will have to be
resorted to to get it perfectly free from wax,
Tue Wax.— Let the wax remain in the tub of
cold water until it is thoroughly hardened, then
Temove it—put it into a kettle and let it melt.
This should now be strained, as it contains much
refuse matter of minute particles. Strain into a
tub of cold water as before. This time it will be
expedient to use a strainer of fine material, which
may be done by hanging it over the circular one,
It should be cloth, There will, doubtless, be some
refuse matter still adhering to the bottom of the
hardened wax. This may be separated by a knife,
leaving the wax, in many instances, perfectly pure.
It will now be necessary in order to have the wax
in a good salable condition, to re-melt it. The
melted wax may be poured into pans, forming
cakes of any desirable size or shape. Pure, white,
new combs, may be converted into pure wax, sim-
ply by putting them into a kettle and melting
them. It has been said that bleaching the wax
renders it perfectly white, This is done by melting
the wax, and dipping shingles into the liquid, then
laying them upon the snow,—if in summer, in the
sun,—frequently turning them over. After the
wax is thoroughly whitened, it may be cut off with
a knife, melted, then made into cakes as above
stated.
It will be perceived that this mode of, procedure
answers equally well for either large or small
quantities. Manton M. Baupninae.
Middleport, Niag, Co., N. Y., 1859.
WEEKLIES PREFERABLE TO MONTHLIES.
Hayine made an effort in this locality for the
Rorat, and wishing that its influence should be
felt as powerfully here as in the Genesee Valley, I
send a thought or two consequent thereon,
In canyassing I have urged, successfully, the
decided advantage which a weekly has over a
monthly, The trouble with the latter is like Pad-
dy’s chicken —it speaks (oo late. If we are to be
benefited by the aggregate experience of our co-
laborers in the field of Agriculture and Horticul-
ture, we must haveitin time. Contracted as most
of our operations now are, by good implements,
Superior managementand improved machinery, the
chances are that a mohthly will be behind time,
and the information can do us no good till next
year, and then we may probably forget it. For
this reason I never took a monthly. This and the
facts that my reading time is more equally distri-
buted, and that I have four times as many oppor-
tunites toread a weekly as a monthly, have always
been insuperable objections. A monthly is like
one meal a day, we are in danger of surfeit;
whereas, a weekly we can leisurely read and di-
gest, sugar-coated ag it is with an endless and
pleasing variety on other subjects. We consider
a farmer's wife who hus long been in the habit of
reading the Rurat, as fully competent to manage
affairs discreetly, in case of the absence or death
of the husband. Of the many intelligent people
with whom I have conversed, all have agreed,
without one dissenting voice, that if we are to
haye agricultural information at all we should
have it weekly. I trust the time is at hand when
we shall not only have it semi-weekly, but daily,
needing line upon line as we do,and groping amid
the darkness led only by the hand of experiment.
Cambridge Valley, N. Y., 1859. H. K. F.
RexAnKs—Though the above is truthful, we have
but for the fact thata neighboring monthly some time
ago gave what it called a prize essay on the other side
of the question. he superiority of weeklies is too ap-
parent to require argament,
——____ +e+
CORN STOOK JACK—SHORT NAMES NEEDED,
Eps. Rurnav;—In your issue of November 12th, I
notice a description of a contrivance for stooking
corn. We have used one of this character, and
have found it very handy, But it does not seem
that the instrument has been properly christened
yet. The name givenitin your paper is “ Corn
Stook Jack,” but this is decidedly too long to be
rect nomenclature for the “thousand and one”
farming inventions that are daily coming into use.
not thought of calling a convention to effect this.
by the mass,
applicable to the workman.
writing “shock,” some “shook,” and some ‘took.’
its use in farming. J. D. Youna,
size, part full of water, bring it to a boiling heat,
and then, or before, if desired, put in the combs,
It will require but a short time to reduce them to
what is termed a pulpy state. In the meantime,
fill a tub or tin boiler full of cold water. This
latter is the preparatory step to straining. Cover,
or place over the top of the tub or boiler a strainer
—it being supported by two narrow strips of wood,
or, what is better still, two nailrods. The strainer
is made in the following manner:—Take a wooden
or iron hoop 18 or 20 inches in diameter, and fasten
to its circumference, by means of wire or twine, a
circular piece of fine mesh wire gauze, or cheese
strainer, 20 or 22 inches in diameter. The strainer
should be somewhat concave, to aid in straining.
Everything being in readiness for straining, take
a dipper and bail out the boiling mixture, and let
Were of more uniform size where the small
ones were planted, owing no doubt, to a much
smaller number setting. The row where the
small ones were planted produced a fraction
less than t10 bushels, The row where the large
ones were planted produced t/irce bushels and
one-eighth of bushel. There was a much greater
difference in the yield on the soil which had been
cultivated two years, than on the rich green
sward. It took one-fourth more hills to make a
bushel on the sward, and more than donble the
number on the old soil of the small potatoe row
to produce a bushel, as compared with the row
planted with large ones. The number of tubers
varied in the large row from eight to thirty-seven;
the small row from three to twelve.
Newark, N, Y., 1859, A. G. Punory,
Plymouth, Mich., Noy, 15, 1809.
————————
Waar 1s A “Pune Broop?”—I have heard it stated
by some that four crosses of a Durham bull on common
enttle makes a pure blood —or at least ffteen-sixteenths,
which is considered to same a8 pure blood—and I have
also heard this statement denied. Can you, or some of
the Rural cattle-breeders, satisfy me on this subject
and give me the reasons for thelr decision, and thereby
greatly oblige—James 8, MoCALt, Geneva, N. Y.
0
hesitated somewhat about publishing It, aud would not
in keeping with the genius of the age. One of the
wants of the agricultural world is a system of cor-
And it is almost a wonder that some genius has
A name of over one or two syllables should never
be affixed to a tool, otherwise it will be discarded
In the case of the above mentioned
contrivance, we would suggest the name stookhold,
a combination of stook and old, as being not in-
appropriate. Stooker is objectionable, as this is
A word in regard to “stook.” There seems to
be considerable diversity in the use of terms, some
The first has been as widely used, perhaps, as any,
but it will be seen by reference to Wensrer that
“stook” is the only term primarily entitled to
represent the action, or kind of work, it indicates.
“Shook” is the name of a barrel filled with staves,
and it is possible that a transfer of idea bas led to
Rural Spirit of the Press.
=
Contraction of the Feet of Hrorees.
R. Juxnrsas, Professor of Anatomy in the Vet-
einary College of Philadelphia, gives the causes
for contraction and the remedy therefor, fol-
lows :—The tendency of a horse’s feet, in vealy
condition, are to expand whenever the Weight of
the body is thrown upon them. Being averycom-
plicated piece of mechanism, they are very easily
disarranged, and ence out of order are difficult of
repair; and hence the necessity of preserving
them in a sound condition.
Causes.—l. By cutting away the bars of the feet,
which are the main stays for the support of the
quarters. 2. By (opening the heels as the smith
calls it,) cutting away a portion of the frog, in
consequence of which the moisture of the frog be-
comes absorbed, loses its elasticity, and destroying
its function, thus exposing the feet to injury by
theconcussion. 8. By standing upon plank floors,
4, By improper shoeing. An ordinary observer
Will, upon an examination of the common shoe,
notice that it inclines from without inwards at the
heels, thus forming a concavity for the feet to rest
in; the consequence is a lateral resistance to the
expansion of the hoofs, when the weight of the
animal is thrown upon them. The effects of this
resistance is to force the heels together, creating
pressure upon the sensitive parts within the horny
case; establishing fever by which the moisture of
the hoofs are rapidly absorbed, rendering the
hoofs hard, brittle, and liable to crack and fre-
quently causing corns, navicular joint lameness,
bony deposits to be thrown out from the lateral
wings or processes of the coflin bones, rendering
the animal permanently lame or unsound. These
are but few of the bad effects arising from contrac-
tion; enough, however, to serve our purpose at
present,
Remepy.— Preserve a level bearing by making
the shoes perfectly flat on the quarters, so as not
to interfere with the expansion of the feet. Should
contraction already exist to a considerable extent,
bevel the shoes slightly outward at the heels, in
order to facilitate expansion. Care should be used
not to bevel too much, or bulging of the lower
part of the hoofs at the quarters will be the result.
The shoes should in all cases be forged and not
twisted, as is sometimes done to ‘savetouble by
the bungling smith. Proper applications, to soften
the horny parts and promote elasticity, should
also be used. Such preparations are put up inthe
form of hoof ointments.
Manures—An Experiment.
A corresronpent of the Ohio Valley Farmer
writes: —“I had seen it asserted in a paper that
the solid and liquid manure of one cow, carefully
saved, and carefully composted with other materi-
als, such as every farm affords, was sufficient to
keep one acre of ground in the highest state of
fertility. I was then paying two dollars per
month for very poor pasture for my cow, besides
losing all the manure. I was paying one dollar
and fifty cents to a neighbor for each wagon load
of manure he delivered inside my gate. Deéter-
mining on trying an experiment, in 18531 kept
my cow up and fed her at an expense of one
dollar per week, including also the tending of her,
and bedding her with dry leaves from the woods,
During this time her health remained perfect, her
milk was richer, and her manure—properly saved
and composted with the ashes, wood chips, etc.,
from the house, and weeds and refuse straw from
the garden, including also her bedding which was
removed daily—was worth one dollar per month,
at the prices I had been paying. It was amply
sufficient to enrich an acre of our ground for ordi-
nary purposes of culture. With two or more
cows the expense would be proportionately less,
and the yield greater.”
Kidney Worms in Swine.
In answer to an inquiry the editor of the Maine
Farmer replies, that it is not very uncommon for
swine to be troubled with loss of power in the
muscles of the back and loins to support the hind
quarters of the animal, This is sometimes occa-
sioned by a worm which lodges itself in the kid-
neys and by the irritation it produces there, brings
on a weakness of the loins. Sometimes it is
caused by a disease of the spinal column, by which
the nervous action from the spiral column to the
several muscles of the loins is stopped and renders
‘Tae Wzarure of last week was unusually
pleasant for the season—more like 1 ag
November. The brightand balmy days were just what
farmers needed to perform and close up fall work, and
especially to secure the corn and potatoes yot affeld,
The present week opened with chill blasts, but the
temperature moderated Monday night, and now (Tues-
day noon) the sun shines bright and warm—indices of
continued favorable weather for out-door operations,
Hoxsvg Apyermiszments will occasionally creep
into the Ruman, {in spite of us, though our alm and
desire is to ignore every thing of the kind. Daring the
past year we have refused numerous advertisements
which had @ suspicious, deceptive, cutch-penny look,
Within the last week alone, we have refused Ores,
returning the money, Two of these asked for money—
one a dollar and the other fifty cents—for some pre-
tended valuable secret or recipe, and the other wantod
all who were afflicted with the gravel to address box
No. —, Syracuse P, 0., for relief! Wo are disgusted
with the whole race of sconndrels who are trying to
“steal the livery of heaven” wherein to serve thelr own
selfish purposes —the more so because they are so artful
that we are often unable to decide whether an adver-
tisement (sent, with the money, by a respectable adver-
tising agency,) is honest or a lying cheat. For instance,
a subscriber in Cayuga Co., writes us (relative toan
advertisement which we supposed to be from an honor-
able source,) as follows:
“Tn your valuable paper dated Aug, 20, 1859, I read,
Astounding Improvement!’—Elastic and Combina-
tion Stitch sewing machine, using one, two, or three
threads, at the opt(on of the operator, &c, Now, this is
to inform you, and the public (if you see fit to ingert it,)
that there is no such machine, neither such a company
as Jf, Ballou, Carter & Co. But there is a (claims to
be) man by the name of Bat/ou, that is swindling the
credulous out of their $15 each; and then, to pacify the
would-be agent, sends him a printed document stating
that the company that manufactured his machine bas
been bumed out, that he has made arrangements with
another company to make his machines, and that he is
to receive his first lot at such a date, and will All their
order and send iton. Bot the machine does not come,
from the fact that there is no such machine or com-
pany.”
—Now, our advice is to beware of all advertisements
offering to make you rich, impart a wonderfal secret,
et id omne genus, for a small consideration. In vulgar
parlance, “ don't buy a pig in a poke,” but keep your
money until you see or are satisfied (from known char-
acter of the advertiser) as to the value of the anamile
or article advertised,
‘Tue Trmmvne on Tennd-Curture.—A lale anoiber
of the N. Y. Tribune contains a “‘firstrate notice” of
terra-culture, for which Horace or Soxon will probably
be indicted for libel, (‘the greater the truth the greater
the libel,”) or cruelty to animals, Here it is:—‘tA
friendly puff of ‘Professor Comstock,’ and what he
calls his system of terra-culture, appears in yesterday's
Courier and Enquirer, with the information that the
sald ‘ Professor’ is now in this city delivering lectures
on his system. This moves us to say that in our hum-
ble judgment ‘ Professor’ Comstock is a bore, and his
system worthless. It was exposed several years ago by
the late A. J. Downixe, Terra-culture consists in put-
ting the seed on the top of the ground, and covering it
with straw. Whoever pays money for lessons in such
a system is either a dape or an ass—perhaps both.”
— A friend suggests that the “ Professor” is shrewd
‘in gelecting N. Y. City to deliver his lectures in, as
fools there predominate in direct ratio to the great pop-
ulation,” But we think it was “ Hobson's choice "—
for, after being kicked out of the raral districts, he
must perforce flee from the wrath which had come to
the great “city of refuge” for fools and knaves!
BE.—The New York Tribune
ina late work establishes the
Prosraates ror BM
says:—'*M. pe Mote
fact that fossil phosphates, although containing 5 per
cent. of Phosphate of Iron have always given resultsin
agriculture superior to those obtained from the phos-
phates taken from bones. The same results have been
observed and particularly commented on by Prof.
Maves for several years.”
If fossil phosphates have always given botter resul!s
than phosphates from bones, it is strange that the fact
has not been discovered by practical men, and espe-
cially by the farmers of England, who use immense
quantities, and pay $6 per ton higlier for the bone than
for the fossil phosphate.
A “Fare” Soow.—At the Gibson Co. (Ky,) Fatr,
recently, Mr. StePueN Meane and his wife entered the
ring, followed by twelve sons and two daughters,
each on a gray steed, and in the order of their ages,
They proceeded around the ring, while the band struck
up Hail Columbia, and drow up in front of the Execu-
tive, when the President made some very appropriate
remarks, after which the mammoth family was vocifer-
ously cheered from one side of the grounds to the
other. The old gentleman was boro in 1792. Mrs,
Meape was born in 1804. The two were married \n
1891, The oldest son is 6, and the youngest 14. The
oldest daughter {s 19, and the youngest 17. Eleven are
married, and haye 22 children, The fourteen children
the animal unable to raise up and use the hind
quarters. At the South, where the kidney worm
in swine prevails much more than here, they give
in the swill, wood ashes, salt and red pepper, with
a view, we suppose, of their acting on the kidneys
and destroying the worm. In the other case,
tonics, such as a little copperas in the swill, and
external applications, such as cold water dashed
on to the loins, followed by brisk frictions, Lini-
ments of a stimulating kind freely applied and
rubbed in, clover tea and green clover fed freely
are often useful as a corrective to the digestive
organs.
Cider-Making Without Pressing.
Ir is stated that a man at Parkersburg, Va., is
successful in making cider by the following pro-
cess:—Ile grinds the apples, and fills casks with
‘one end open, the bottom having some sticks and
straw, like a leach for ashes. On the pumice he
pours as much water as it would yield juice by
pressure, and that displaces the juice, and sends it
to the bottom, from which after two days, it is
drawn by opening the faucet, and as the cider is
heavier than water, it runs off at first pure. The
pumice, too, having no affinity for water, absorbs
1] that, which displaces the natural juice, and leaves
the pumice quite tasteless. This process may be
useful to persons who have a fow apples and no
cider-mill,
Wheat Planted in Hills. ;
2 Mn. Yan, near Bolivar, Ohio, writes to the
Ohio Farmer, that be has planted an acre of wheat,
about 20 by 16 inches apart, in hills, using a little
over five and a half pounds of seed to the acre.—
Fnost-Brrran Staaw For Fopprn—Will some of| rH, put five kernels to the hill, but thinks one-third
the Runav’s correspondents give information whether
or not frost-bitten wheat straw is injurious when fed to
horses. A rumor {s abroad that the beards will choke
and kil a horse, A reliable answer Will oblige more
failed from grubs, cut-worms, etc., and this he has
splendid —as far as that is concerned he has no
fears. As to the expense, compared with the yield
of grain, next harvest will show.
than one of your subscribers, as Well a8 several individ.
uals that should be.—R. F,, Painesville, Olio, 1850,
replanted. A part has been hoed; the growth is
of Mr, MEave were all born in Gibson county, and all
now live there but one, and are the best of citizens.
None of the family have died, and all now look hale
and hearty, So says a Kentaky paper,
{Tne MAN with A Grevance of a personal, and
periaps private, neighborhood nature, who files to the
Rurat or ome other paper for defence or redress, is
respectfully requested to read and inwardly digest this
truthful passage from a recent Ode by Horace, sir-
named Greeey:—“ One of the chief terrors of an
Editor's harassed lot is—not, by any means, the Ilbel-
suits with which paltry pottifoggers contrive to infest
him, nor yet the {ndignant pulsances who stalk into his
office to talk of cowbides and revolvers When be wants
tobe quietly attending to his own business, but—the
good people who most unreasonably insist on engross-
ing his columns with replications to attacks made upon
them by somebody else. * Take any shape but that—
come armed with writs or bludgeons—and he meets
you with smiling composure, but the man with @
grievance for which said editor is nowlso responsible,
{s his despair.”
‘Tuose Humpanp Sqvasues sent us, a few days alnce,
by Mr. H, N. LANawosrny, of Greece, fully sustain the
reputation of the variety and the cultivator, and are
therefore worthy of honorable mention. A dooade of
years ago, Mr. L, cultivated the “Boston Marrow —8
good baking squash when pure—but it was ae
keep the variety distinct and It soon ‘yun out. re ec
Hubbard is much better, and will prove & lasting ee
Ing if it will only ‘hold its own.” What Is the as
enco of Mr. L. and other cultivators os to the best mode
?
of keeping the varloty pure and distinct ?
ance Topsre.—IN a recent note,
R ités:—* 1 noticed in
ster, of Le Roy, WH
ey atin Denarch not long since, that its editor
had been presented with a turnip weighing 12 pounds.
f iS) ‘ ee ‘Awnin, of this place, laid a White Swedes
a abn my tablo, a few days since, which weighed
uae pounds, and measured 8 feet 2 inches in
cireumforenee | When Monroe county beats that, old
Genesee will try sgain,”
A Weionry anv 8
»
AMERICAN FRUITS IN EUROPE.
Uxper the title of “Old World Conservatism,”
the Scientific American gives an article from an-
other journal, which it says ‘forcibly illustrates
the slowness of the English in adopting any im-
provements from abroad, and especially from this
country.” It further remarks :—* While Ameri-
cans engaged in calico-printing, in ship building,
in agriculture, in every department of industry,—
are always on the alert to adopt any improvement
from whatever source it may come, the French, the
German, and the English, each deems his own
nation so superior that it has nothing to learn from
any other. This contrast between Americans and
Europeans has been exemplified a hundred times.
“Some years ago the Messrs. Hovey, of Boston,
embarked in an extensive series of trials to produce
an improved strawberry; it was said that they
frnited over 2,000,000 of new seedlings, and out of
these they selected two remarkably large and fine
varieties. Has any one ever heard of these being
cultivated in Europe? On the other hand, our
nurserymen are so eagerly on the watch for any
new varicties of fruit that may be originated in
Europe, that, when the ‘ Victoria Currant’ was
first produced, the Messrs. Parsons, of Flushing,
Long Island, paid $30 for the first bush which
they could ,procure,”
It is not our object to defend Europeans from
the charges thus made in the Scientifiv American,
and other journals, and which are copied and re-
iterated from time to time. But the éruth willdo no
hurt, although in some respects it may destroy our
self-complacence, and cause us to examine the
foundation on which we build our bonstings. The
same mail that brought us the Journal containing
the article from which we have quoted above,
brought us the London Gardener's Chronicle con-
taining Vitwonins’ Catalogue and descriptions of
Strawberries, and among them we find two Ameri-
can varieties, one of them being Hovey s Seedling,
which the Scientific American thinks no one ever
heard of being cultivated in Europe.
It would be difficult to find an English Horti-
cultural Journal that does not contain advertise-
ments or notices of American Plants, the Azaleas
and Rhddodendrons, and every garden of any
pretensions, contains a department for American
plants, called the American garden, Our Virginia
Creeper is & universal favorite, and can be found
much more frequently in English than in Ameri-
can gardens. George the Fourth and Early York
Jaches are generally cultivated in England, and
the latter is a great favorite for forcing. The
Seckel Pear is acknowledged to be unsurpassed in
all the long catalogue of European varieties, while
our Jefferson Plum stands at the very head of the
list of fine plums.
The great California tree attracted attention in
Burope, and received its name, Gigantea Welling-
‘onia, before it was hardly thought of by American
horticulturists, who at Jast awoke to the impor-
tance of the subject, and claimed the privilege of
giving ita new name, Gigantea Washingtonia.
Probably more young plants of this tree have been
shipped from one establishment here to England,
than have been planted in this country.
Whatever may be true of England in regard to
the adoption of the mechanical improvements of
other lands, the people of that country havealways
evinced the greatest zeal to obtain for their little
island everything valuable in the World of Nature.
She has sent her explorers to every land, and
every mountain's side. To the English explorers
are we indebted for many of the beautiful things
that adorn our gardens, and the rich stores of our
own country were first laid open to the world by
Europeans ?
et
HEDGE GROWING —THE HAWTHORN,
Eps. Rurat New-Yonker:—I did not intend
when I finished my last to you, to again take the
trouble of writing on the subject of the so-called
English, but what is there termed the White-
thorn. The only thorn, I believe, that is truly
English, is the Blackthorn, which makes a for-
midable barrier in the fence line, but is apt to
throw up Suckers, as do our native thorns here,
I did not intend writing again on this subject,
but seeing an article in your last by S. G. Gace, I
am induced once more to write. He gives the
opinion of au English Tenant respecting the
growth of the hedge, Is S. G. Gace sure that the
seid tenant knows any thing about the planting
and management of hedges? I have seen thou-
Sands of Englishmen that never saw a hawthorn
hedge, or that knew the plant from a Gribble, and
I suppose I have seen ten times that number that
never saw the process of planting. This reminds |
me of a man that applied to me for work—had
long worked at hedge-planting, and told me he
assisted in planting o hedge that I know had been
planted 80 years. I asked him his age. He
answered, 36! a fine hedge-planter I found—but
such anone as expected—I kept him partofa day,
and then got rid of him. It is such as these
that profess to know what they donot, 1 do not
say that Mr. G’s. tenant is of that sort, but is
he acquainted with the kind of soil most Suitable
for the Hawthorn, the diseases to which the plant
is liable and the remedies? From Mr. Gace’s
failure, I presume not, From the statement, I am
led to infer that the plants were forced by
manuring. Imay be in error on this head, but I
thinkIam not, The plants too may have been
diseased before their transfer from the nursery to
, the hedge-row, I could give the remedy in all
such cases, and even now—if no more damage had
scerued than is stated, a good substantial fence
may be made, that in two years would create con-
iN fleroation in any biped or quadruped that was
it, and I think no inducement
would gain consent to a second trial.
I see, too, by “the Register of Rural Affairs, for
800,” that the hackneyed tale of the White Haw-
thorn having been formerly tried, bad proved a
failare, and they bad been swept off by miles
together, is now ascribed to the native Newcastle
and Washington thorns, brought into notice I
think, by A. J. Dowsixa. There appears to be an
eminent personage ever at hand, but never seen
named—* they say.” This personage has a great
influence with some, but you seldom find him
backing up his adherents. This’ has been the
case in the alleged charge of the English Haw-
thorn demise, as was once told by a gentleman, a
nurseryman. It took place in the unprecedently
short period of 24 hours time. You know the tale
of the Three Black Crows.
About 40 years ago, Col. Livrsostoxe, of this
place, had over some plants from England for a
hedge. He employed incompetent persons to
plant it—now the fences this farmer had been
used to were Dikes or Ditches, where hedges
would not grow. ‘The result proved as may have
been anticipated—even worse, the hedge from
improper treatment rather retrograded than ad-
vanced, It continued in this tantalizing state for
years, an eye-sore to the owner, and ominous to
the beholder. The property fell into the hands of
a thorough, go-a-head gentleman, who set about
renovating it, and ina few years it was imper-
vious to man or beast. Some few spots where the
plants had died out soon after planting, are now
obliterated by the adjacent plants. It is nowa
formidable fence, but occupies, to my liking, too
much width—sbout the same as allowed for an
Osage Orange hedge. We have good hedges from
from 24 to 30 inches thick.
AsI expect to give you this coming Wintera
demonstrable proof of the application of the
Whitethorn for hedges, I will say no more—
leaving you to contradict or confirm me in my
confidence in this plant for hedging purposes.
I think the Viburnum may makea pretty screen
fence, and perhaps, by interweaving, a suflicient
barrier against cattle, It is handsome in appear-
ance, and of low size. The English Hazel, too,
makes a fence almost impregnable, when properly
managed. W. M. Beavenaur,
Skaneateles, N, Y., Noy. 1859.
Remargs.—We think our correspondent must
be mistaken, in the statement that he ‘has seen
thousands of Englishmen that never saw a Haw-
thorn hedge, or that knew the plant from a
Gribble.” There is scarcely a square mile of cul-
tivated land in England, where the Whitethorn is
not found in abundance, and even in copses and
wild land, the Hawthorn is everywhere to be met
with. There is scarcely a child in England but
has gathered its sweet May/lowers in early sum-
mer, and every school-boy fills his pockets with
its bright scarlet fruit, after the first frosts of
Autumn. It is the only plant in general use fora
good protective hedge, and an English tenant
farmer, or even a farm laborer, who has not work-
ed weeks and months at pruning and training
Whitethorn hedges, must be something of ao
curiosity. The Blackthorn is but seldom used,
and then generally as a protection from winds,
and is not kept closely pruned,
SS
FLOWERS FOR THE PARLOR,
Masy plants are kept with difficulty in the par-
lor or sitting-room, on account of the dryness of
the atmosphere, and the irregularity of the tempe-
rature. There are a few things, however, that can
bear rooms as hot and dry, and ill-ventilated and
irregularas man. The Cactus family will bear a
temperature from anything above freezing point
to more than 80°. They require but little atten-
tion, fresh earth once a year and watering once a
week in winter and twice or three times in summer
is sufficient. They are curious and beautiful, —
The Bulbous Moots, such as the Hyacinth, Crocus,
Narcissus, Tulip, &c,, will grow and flower wellin
a room where there is a stove, if kept near the
window, and if properly cared for will furnish
plenty of flowers most of the winter. Those of
our readers who cannot procure plants from green-
houses, can mostly obtain a few dozen bulbs from
Some nurseryman or seedsman, as they can be
done up in small packages and sent by Express
safely almost any distance. The Hyacinths and
Tulips cost from $2 to $3 per dozen, the Narcissus
$2 and Crocuses about 25 cents. They were ad-
vertised by many dealers in the Runa during the
month of October.
CULTURE OF THE HYACINTH IN POTS,
The soil most suitable for the Hyacinth is com-
posed of two parts sandy loam, one-quarter leaf
mold from the woods, and one-quarter thoroughly
decomposed manure, The common pots, rather
deeper than wide, will answer. A succession of
flowers may be had for two or three months, by
adopting the following method:—Fill as many
pots as you desire to have plants with the compost
already described, in November, insert the bulbs
and put them in some cool place, where they can
be kept for some time without being excited into
growth—a cool, dry cellaris about as good a place
asany. Then, at intervals of a fortnight, or So,
remove some of them to the parlor and give them
4 good watering with tepid water, and they will
immediately commence to grow, and the resul
will be asuccession of fine flowers for along period.
CULTURE OF THE HYACINTH IN GLASSES,
This is alsoa very simple way, and one in which
any person may succeed in having fine flowers,
The bulb may be either placed in the glasses of
water at once, or they may be plantedin sand until
they emit roots, and the leaves begin to grow.
When this latter mode is adopted, previous to
placing them in the glasses, remove them from the
sand, and thoroughly wash the roots and straight-
en them. The water in which they are grown
should be changed, from time to time, as it appears
to be the least discolored or muddy, which may be
about once each week, The red and blue flowered
single sorts are preferable for sitting-rooms, as
the light colored varieties emit a fragrance far too
Powerful to please many, On this subjeet a cor-
respondent sends us the following :
Messns. Evrrons:—As the winter season is at
hand, when flowers are scarce and highly prized,
Iwish to recommend all your readers to cultivate
s few Hyacinths in glasses or pots, as they wil!
afford more pleasure even than costly plants from
the green houses. The bulbs, fit fer flowering,
can be obtained at most of the seed-stores, and
from the nurserymen.
Procure as many pots as yOu wish to fill, and if
you desire a succession of flowers the bulbs may
be planted in the pots at different periods in
November and December. Prepare a rich com-
post as for out-door culture, only a little richer,
fill as many pots as you wish verylightly with the
compost. The pots ought not to be less than six
inches in diameter. Place the bulb on the soil in
the centre of the pot and press it firmly down with
the fingers and thumb, covering it with a little
more compost, and set the pots away in a cool
dark cellar, and keep them perfectly dry. In
about five or six weeks they will be in a fit condi-
tion to remove into the house. The balance may
be planted at intervals of a fortnight, and treated
in the same manner. By this means a succession
of fine flowers may be obtained,
For Oulture in Glasses.—Light colored glasses
are inferior to dark colored ones, because the roots
do not bear the light well—place the bulb in the
glasses and fill up with rain water to within half
an inch of the bulb. Put the glasses away in a
cool, dark place. At the end of three or four
weeks they will have emitted roots sufficient to
admit of their being removed into the house.
They must not be placed in the windows immedi-
ately, but be kept in a moderate light until such
time as the leaves have assumed a fine green color,
when they may be placed in the windows. Turn
the glasses frequently round, to prevent their
growing too much to one side, and change the
water about once a week. To invigorate them,
dissolve an ounce of guano in a quart of rain-
water, adding about one quarter of an ounce of
chloride of lime, and apply about two teaspoonfuls
twice a week, after the flowers begin to show them-
selves. Hyacinths treated in this manner will
bloom finely, and amply reward the florist for his
trouble. Ww.
CULTURE OF THE CROCUS IN POTS.
Crocus Pots are now in common use, and are of
Various patterns, and may be obtained at almost
every seed store and at some of the crockery stores,
he most popular is the kind in imitation of a
hedge-hog, and there are also other patterns, two
of which we give, It is perforated throughout its
outer surface with holes, large enough to admit
the bulbs, so that the pots after being filled with a
compost such as is recommended for Hyacinths,
may have the bulbs or tubers inserted through the
holes. There are a large number of varieties of
the Crocus, some of the best of which are, Crocus
Versicolor, or Feathered Purple; Suisians, or
Cloth of Gold, striped orangeand purple; Biflorns,
striped, white and purple; Sulphureus, or Cream
Colored; and Luteus, or Common Yellow. These
Tequire about the same treatment as Hyacinths in
Pots. The Crocus is very pretty when grown ina
common pot, the surface being covered with moss,
Nothing could look finer than a wire basket sus-
pended and filled with moss, in which the bulbs of
the Crocus may be planted. If the moss is kept
constantly wet they will flower beautifully. Those
who live near cities can obtain hanging vasea of
Porcelain and other materials, in which the Crocus
may be grown in earth, as in pots; and those who
. 7“? ,
have not the means or opportunity to obtain them
in this way, can go to the woods some fine Indian
summer day, and find knots that will make vases
as beautiful and more appropriate than anything
to be found in the stores.
Inquiries and Answers.
CRANBERRY CULTURE.
Eps, Rvrau New-Yorxen :—Having noticed in your
most valuable paper, of November 12th, an item in
regard to the enormous yield and profits of the Cran-
berry, itled me to refer to the number of March 19th,
which gives direction as to the soil and mode of cul-
ture best adapted to it; but not being @atisfed, and
Wishing for farther light upon the subject, I thought I
Would trouble you—one of the most patient of all men
—with a few inguirles) 1st How many varieties are
there, and which is the most prolific? 2d. Where can
they be obtained, and at what price per hundred? 8d,
Does once setting sufice, or will they run out? 4th.
How are they propagated? 5th. How soon will they
come into full bearing? If you, or some one of your
numerous correspondents, who has had experience in
the matter, will answer the aboye, you will oblige many
readera of the Runat.—W.F, 8,, Maple Grove, NV. Y.
Wut you be so kind as to inform me, through the
pages of your excellent paper, where Cranberry bushes
can be obtained, the price, the manner of culture, and
what soll is beat adapted, &e,, &¢,?—A Svnscxioen,
Durham, N. ¥., 1859,
Ist. There are several varieties of Cranberries,
how many we cannot say. We planteda variety
called the Cherry Cranberry, and another named
the Zow Land Lelle, both were productive, but
our experience with the Cranberry is not very
extensive. 2d. Plants, we think, can be obtained
of D. L, Harsey, of Victory, Cayuga county, and
Nose Hitt, of Caton, Steuben county, in this
State. The latter advertised plants in the Runa
last year at $1 per hundred. 4d. Once setting
plants is sufficient, as, if taken care of, they grow
and increase yery rapidly, and even if entirely
neglected they struggle manfully for an existence
among the weeds. Good plants can generally be
found in an old bed that has been neglected for
many years, 4th, The vines run on the ground a
great length, and throw out plenty of roots, so
that each branch can be cut into several pieces
and transplanted. 5th. About the third year a
Jull crop may be expected. We have had some
fruit ripen in the autumn on plants set in the
spring, and the second autumn a pretty good crop.
Mr. Hirt, who is an extensive grower and usu-
ally exhibits fine fruit at our State Fair, sends us
the following in regard to soil and mode of culture:
Soil Best Adapted to Cranberry Raising.—Low,
swampy lands, in my opinion, are preferable.—
Nature herself seems to teach this lesson. Travel
from Maine to Minnesota and you will meet with
the Cranberry growing ina state of nature only in
Some swamp,or on its margin. You will also find
that it has selected a swamp which is likely to be
moist throughout the season, thus showing its
great affinity for water. The swamp commends
itself to the would-be-cultivator of the Cranberry
for another reason, viz:—that in its natural state it
is generally useless for other purposes; and to fitit
for other purposes would require a greater outlay
than to fit it for Cranberry raising. For the latter,
you need only a sufficient number of drains to re-
move surface water; more are not only unneces-
sary, but, in my opinion, detrimental. Then
again, the ease with which most swamps can be
flowed during fall, winter and spring, gives the
cultivator an advantage over weeds, which, on dry
land, are not only more annoying, but can only be
kept in check by a persevering use of the hoe or
some equivalent. To accomplish this, one has
only to close the outlets of his drains in fall as
soon as the crop is gathered, and let them remain
closed until the return of warm weather in the
spring—acourse which I would recoriimend where-
ever it is practicable. When this can be done,
very little, ifany, weeding or hoeing will be needed.
Mode of Culture.—Having drained the land as
already intimated, those portions on which the
water formerly remained most of the year, will
usually be sufficiently clean for the immediate in-
troduction of the plant. That part covered with
a thick sod, I pare off, and throw the sods into
heaps for decomposition,—the result of which
forms an excellent manurial preparation for fruit
trees. In the clean surface thus exposed, I make
shallow parallel trenches eighteen inches or two
feet apart, and in the trenches place my vines,
varying from one to eight feetin length. Aslight
covering every six or eight inches, completes the
work of transplanting. At each point so covered,
roots will be formed, and new vines will shoot off.
Set in such soil, no loss from drouth need be
feared. In two or three years they will cover the
ground. Being an evergeen, the month of May is
a yery good time, if not the best, for transplanting.
If set in the fall, having no time to root, they are
liable to be thrown out by frost. -
Osonpacs Prans and IsanELtA Guares From
OxoxpvaGa.—Inclosed I send you the compliments of
Mr. ALLEN Coney, of this city, in a specimen of his
Isabella Grapes, which I have before referred to. And,
lastly, I thought perhaps you would not object to an
Onondaga Pear, of my raising.—S. N. Horas, Syra-
euse, N, ¥., 1859,
Wirz the above we received a box of Isabellas,
very large, well ripened and well preserved; and
some fine Onondaga pears.
WI1tow, Straws: ea Trecetyed the inclosed
have to take up
best method of wintering them?
I wish to Bs } & piece of land next season to
P ih in 1861, with native grapes, If I should
jay the foung vines now, could I forward them by
growing them In a nursery row, and thelr future vigor
and fruitfalness be unimpaired by removal? Your
advice in next Runt, on these three questions, will
realy oblige—A Coxstant Reaper, Woodstock, C.
ry 1859.
1st, The willow you sent us is not the purpurea,
but the Black Willow, (Salix nizra,) which makes
4 good, strong, stock. We would heel in the
strawberry plants in place, and then cover
them with leaves. They will come out all right
in the spring. dd. By obtaining small plants,
and giving them good culture in nursery rows for
one season, you will make good plants, just right
to transplant into the vineyard, and they will
hardly notice the second removal,
USE OF SALERATUS AND CREAM OF TARTAR.
Ens. Rurat New-Yorxen :—)
n reading recipes
in your valuable paper, partic in the “Cake
Department,” I observe that all, with scarcely an
éaleratus, or
exception, contain a quantum
cream of tartar. Nom, why this should be I bare
ever been at a los imagiue, By using a few
more eggs, (and are they not as plenty as anything
else?) the cakes, &c., will be quite ag light, and
far more nutritive and bealthy than with such an
eternal putting in of soda, etc. Eggs are as cheap
as butter, abd those who make cake at all, ought
to afford to use them, and their cake will taste and
be much better for it. A great deal has been writ-
ten ngainst the use of saleratus, and yet it seems
indispensable, judging from the many recipes
recommending it, For my part, I am afraid of it,
and prefer doing without cake if I can’t afford
egg Besides, if a housekeeper has it in her
kitchen, the girl or help she has, will, without her
knowledge, clandestinely put it into the bread,
under the idea that it makes it lighter, prevents
Sourness, and, thereby, will spoil many an other-
wise good batch of bread. Though not partial to
sour bread, I prefer it to saleratus bread,
‘Tea Caxe.—Take one pound of flour; one pound
sugar; three-fourths pound butter, and ten eggs—
cream the flour and butter together, beat the eggs
light,—the yolks and whites separately,—leaving
out the whites of two eggs. Mix and beat well.
Take one-third of the mixture and put it in a
Square pao and bake it plain,—take gnother third
and mix with it slips of citron, and bake ina
Square pan,—with the remaining third put French
currants, well washed, dried and rolled in flour,
and bake as above, Take a cup of sugar to the
whites you reserved, and make an icing for your
cakes, which spread on while warm, and mark
into squares or diamonds with a knife to make it
cut better. This will make two cake baskets full
for a tea-drinking, and is a good and easy recipe,
Frencu Loar Caxe,—Light eggs; 3 cups sugar;
1 of butter; 4 of flour; half cup sweet cream; 1
lemon, and a glass of brandy —with or without
fruit.
Qurex Caxe.—Two cups sugar; 1 of butter; 1 of
sweet milk; 4 of flour, and 6 eggs.
Rurat Reaver.
ROASTING CHESTNUTS,
Ens. Rurat New-Yonken.— This favorite nut is
abundant this season. Most people are very fond
of them, especially children. They delight to
havea chestnut roast, and when fire-places were
in common use the hot ashes was a favorite place
to cover up the nuts to get “done brown.” Now
stoves are in general use, and this favorite plan is
obsolete. The best way to serve them under the
existing state of things, is to cut a small piece off
from the shell—just enough to show the meat,—
then place a cup full in a corn-popper, and shake
over aclear fire, or hot coals. They will soon be-
come mealy, and when thus roasted are truly de-
licious. Every family who have not thought of
this method should adopt it? Raw chestnuts are
extremely hurtful, particularly to children, but
when roasted this objection is entirely done away
with, and old folks can enjoy a chestnut roast with
the young ones, and all have a good time, and pass
an hour of an evening with pleasure and delight,
these cool nights. They make a palatable desert
after dinner. Serve warm from the corn-popper.
—Box 1,334, Syracuse, NV. ¥., 1859.
INQUIRY-ROLLED JELLY CAKE, &o,
Dean Runat:—Allow a young housekeeper,
who has been greatly aided in learning the art of
cookery by yopr valuable recipes, to add two
others which cannot fail to please the taste of
the most fastidious, Also to ask through your
columns the best methods for making almond
custards,
Roviep Jerry Caxe.—One cup sugar; 8 eggs;
lcup flour; half cup butter; half teaspoonful of
soda; teaspoonful cream tartar. Dissolve the
soda and cream tartar in half a teacup of sweet
milk. Bake on two flat tins. Spread each cake
with jelly and roll when hot.
Composinion Caxe.—One-half pound butter;
three-fourths do. sugar; 2 do, flour; 6 eggs; half
cup of sweet milk; 1 teaspoon cream tartar; half
teaspoon soda. Bake in a slow oven one hour and
a half. MRS. P. 7.
Westfleld, N. ¥., 1859,
Pork Caxe.—I have a Jong time been a reader
of the Rurav, and its recipes have helped to fill
my book. Please accept one from me which I
assure you is very good. One pound salt pork,
chopped very fine, dissolved in 1 pint of boiling
water; 2 cups of brown sugar; 2 do, molasses; 2
tablespoons cinnamon; I do, cloves; 2 grated
nutmegs; 1 pound of raisins, seeded or chopped
fine; 1 heaping teaspoon of soda.—Myra, /am-
mondsport, NV.’ ¥., 1859.
Poratoes.—How few cooks know how to fry
potatoes. There is nothing so easy to get and yet
so palatable for breakfast, with a thick, tender
beef steak, or @ mutton chop fizzing from the
gridiron. To fry raw potatoes properly, they
should be pared, cut lengthwise into slices an
eighth of an inch in thickness, dropped into a pan
over the fire, containing hot beef drippings, turned
frequently, nicely browned all over but never
burned. The addition of a little salt and pepper
while in the pan, and a little flour dredged over
them, is an improyement,—S¢/ected.
eee
Trp-ror Cake.—One and one-half cups of sugar ;
leup of milk; 2¢ cups of flour; I egg; 1 table-
spoon of butter; 1 teaspoon of soda; 2 teaspoons os
of cream tartar.—B., Hampton, NV. ¥., 1859. je}
~
.)
ry
«x
.
SOG 2
LADY FRANELIN.
[ Iris seldom that two such poets live under one roof,
as come of our readers may have visited in acottage on
the Merrimac, in Amesbury, Mass.
graceful tribute to Lady Franklin is from the pen of
Elizabeth H. Whittler, sister of John G. Whittier: ]
Fon thy hands, thy work is over!
Cool thy watching eyes with tears,
Let thy poor heart, overwearled,
- Rest alike from hepes and fears.
Hopes that saw with sleepless vision,
One sad picture fading slow;
Fears that followed, vague and nameless,
Lifting back the vetls of snow,
For thy brave one, for thy lost one,
Truest heart of woman, weep;
Owning still the love that granted
Unto thy beloved sleep,
Not for him that hour of terror,
When—the long ice-battle o’er—
In the sunless day his comrades,
Deathward trod the Polar shore.
Spared the cruel cold and famine,
Spared the fainting heart’s despair—
‘What but that could mercy grant him?
‘What but that has been thy prayer.
Dear to thee that Jast memorial,
From the cairn beside the sea ;
Evermore the month of roses
Shall be sacred time to thee!
Sad it is the mournful yew tree
O’er his slambers may not wave;
Sad it is the English daisy
May not blossom on his grave.
But his tomb shall storm and winter
Shape and fashion year by year—
* Pile bis mighty mausoleum
Block by block, and tier and tier.
Guardian of its gleaming portal
Shall his stainless honor be,
While thy love, a sweet immortal,
Hovers o’er the winter sea!
=
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
“WEDDED TO GOLD.”
No wonder she was so strangely sad as they
bound the orange blossoms amid her golden curls,
—no wonder that her brow was pale as marble,
as they threw the long snowy veil back from her
lovely face; and as a joyful child went past her,
tripping lightly on its way, no wonder that in her
heart arose the prayer, “Gop save thee, little
prattler, from a like fate!” They looked upon her
as the hollow laugh rang from her lips, when the
fitful jest passed round, and they thought she was
happy. Oh, human nature! how many there are
who part with every noble affection,— with every
feeling of the heart, for paltry gold. He whom
they had chosen for her was rich, and why should
she not be happy?
As she spoke the words which bound her to an-
other, her face was illumined by a smile, and she
was classed among those enjoying fortune’s favors;
but they could not look into her heart,—could not
see the affection which had long ago brightened
her way,—the childish love which she had once
possessed, The mournful spectre which haunted
her by day and night was unseen, unknown by all
others. None could open the secret doors of her
heart, and go far back through all the silent halls,
and gaze upon a little mound with the inscription:
“ Buried Hopes.” None witnessed the throbbings
of the young heart which beat so wildly, and none
knew the constant prayer to Gop, ‘that He would
send her rest,— rest, though it came with the bier,
the pall, and all that mortals dread. Gladly
would she have wrapped a shroud of withered
hopes around the heart which had so often been
swayed to and fro in the tempest of grief —like a
willow by the water's edge, ever bending to drink
the bitter waters, yet not breaking —gladly would
she have done this, and found rest beneath the
coffin lid; but no, she must live on, smile on, and
be happy, though her heart were breaking. ss
Was she not rich ?—then, why not happy? Aye,
why? No wonder that, as time passed on, she
changed. Theycalled her cold, proud, haughty,—
but they knew not how long and earnestly she had
struggled to cloak her inner life, that those gazing
on the calm and placid exterior should never dream
* of what was passing beneath —well had she ac-
complished her object.
At length her prayers were answered,—the rest
so long sought was found. They laid the form,
which had moved so sadly through the halls of
pleasure, in the silent coffin, and she was free. No
longer must she carry on the work of deceit—no
longer need she endure the crushing weight —
they put back the hair from the fair white brow,
folded the hands over her pulseless breast, and
laid her where the spring flowers blossomed, and
the autumn song-birds carolled above her. That
life of weariness had closed —she was happy.
Tillisdale, Mich., 1859, L. L.
—
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
THE ABSENT.
‘Turne is a hallowed pleasure in the memory of
absent loved ones who have long wandered from
our side, and who we may never behold again on
earth. AS we revert to the gladsome hours we
spent in their Society, we seem to feel the warm
pressure of their hands, und to hear again their
well known voices utter words of hope and cheer
which strengthen us anew for life's great con-
flict, To-night Iam thinking of g dear, absent
brother who, one year ago, Was amid our household
circle, but now is far away in a western land,—far
from the home that gave him birth, and the many
loved friends and companionsof earlier years, Ag
memory her vigils keep, # fervent prayer ascends
to Gon to guide and protect him through the many
snares and temptations of life.
There come to me to-night many fair forms
The following.
which I shall never more bebold but in memory.
How natural—how life-like they look, They speak
to me of departed joys, and gently whisper of
those which never die. My spirit seems entranced
as I listen to their strains of melody, and I forget
for awhile earth's cares and griefs in the contem-
plation of all that is pure and lovely. Though
absent in body, yet, methinks, on angel's wings
they hover near me, whispering of their better
home onhigh.
As I take a retrospective yiew and dwell for
a moment upon the many changes marking the
past—bringing to mind the children who are now
men and women—I am lost amid its field of
thought. How great the contrast. Where is the
youthful band which once mingled together? Ah,
Time, that insatiable destroyer, has separated
them by land and sea, To-night I sit wondering
where they all are. In memory’s hall they flock
around me, and I seem to hear again their merry
laugh as in days of yore. Some are instructing
the young immortal mind. Nettie is teaching
wheresheand I ofthavesported. There stands the
old shade tree (only its shadow has a little broader
grown,) where happy children with me have gath-
ered, but are now far from the rural retreat. I
cannot enumerate the memories of those who are
far away, yet are bound to my heart by a thousand
ties and recollections which strengthen with each
fleeting year. How oft some old familiarlay brings
the absent back again,—they loved and sang the
same in the days of “auld lang syne.” Their
parting token, how dearly we prize it. Oft we
bathe it in tears to keep remembrance sweeter and
purer. I love to think of absent loved ones, and
when we've crossed the ocean billows of life, may
those who have long been seyered here meet, no
more to part, around the Throne of the Great
Eternal. Rosa,
Marcellus, Onen. Co., N, Y., 1859.
ry
GROW BEAUTIFUL,
Persons may outgrow disease and become
healthy, by proper attention to the laws of their
physical constitution. By moderate and daily
exercise, men have become active and strong in
limb and muscle. But to grow beautiful, how ?—
Age dims the lustre of the eye, and pales the roses
on beauty’s cheek; while crow-feet and furrows,
and wrinkles, and lost teeth, and gray hairs, and
bald head, and tottering limbs, and limping feet,
most sadly mar the human form divine, But dim
as the eye is, as pallid and sunken as may be the
face of beauty, and frail and feeble that once
strong, erect, and manly body, the immortal soul,
just fledging its wingsfor its home in heaven, may
look out through those faded windows as beautiful
as the dew-drops of a summer's morning, as melt-
ing as the tear that glistens in affection’s eye—by
growing kindly, by cultivating sympathy with all
human kind, by cherishing forbearance towards
the follies and foibles of our race, and feeding day
by day on that love of God and man which lifts us
from the brute and makes us akin to angels,
SS SS
Axout tHe Epvcation or Youna Laptes,—Lady
Morgan, the gifted Irish authoress, whose novels
delighted the higher circles in former years, when
conversing with a friend about some young ladies
who had lost their fortune, made the following very
sensible remarks concerning the proper education
of young women:—‘‘In the tete-a-tete conversa-
tion with Mrs, Hall, on the subject of some young
ladies, who had been bereft of fortune, Lady Mor-
gan said, with an emphatic wave of her green fan,
‘They do everything that is fashionable — imper-
Sectly; their singing, and drawing, and dancing,
and language, amount to nothing. They are edu-
cated to marry, and had there been time they
might have gone off with, and hereafter from, hus-
bands, They cannot earn their own salt; they do
not even know how to dress themselves. I desire
to give every girl, no matter what her rank, a
trade —a profession, if the word pleases you bet-
ter; cultivate what is necessary in the position
she is born to; cultivate all things in moderation,
but one thing to perfection, no matter what it is,
for which she has a talent— drawing, music, em-
broidery, housekeeping, eyen; give her a staff to
lay hold of, let her feel this will carry me through
life without dependence, I was independent at
fourteen, and never went in debt.’”
———+e.—
Strericiry or Dness.—Prentice of the Louis-
ville Journal, speaks thus to his readers:—‘ Those
who think that, in order to dress well, it is neces-
sary to dress extravagantly and gaudily, make a
great mistake, Nothing so well becomes true
feminine beauty as simplicity. We have seen
many a remarkably fine person robbed of its fine
effect by being over-dressed. Nothing is more
unbecoming than over-loaded beauty. The sim-
plicity of the classic taste is seen in the old
statues and pictures, painted by men of very
superior artistic genius. In Athens the ladies
were not gaudily, but simply arrayed, and we
doubt whether any ladies excited more admira-
tion. So also the noble old Roman matrons,
whose superb forms were worthy of them, were
always very plainly dressed. Fashion often pre-
sents the lines of the butterfly, but fashion is not
a classic goddess,”
——
Banynoop.—We are profoundly convinced that
the first year of a child’s life is the most tremen-
dously important of any Succeeding twelye-month,
though the creature shall number three-score and
ten, Consider the blank sheet of paper with which
the head of every baby, according to the philoso-
pher, is lined. Think of it ana shudder, when
you see nurses and nurse-maids writing their pot-
hooks and hangers upon it, as though they wrote
with rolling-pins, or, at best, wooden skewers !—
Poor human papyrus! How many after-scratch-
ings and cuttlefish-rubbings it will take to rub out
the marks—that, after all, may never wholly be
effaced, but remain dingy and dark under snow
white hairs.—Jerrold.
Harprvess in part is imaginary, and its posses-
sion depends almost entirely upon ourselves; con-
tentment is the key which unlocks the treasure
house, and with “ godliness is great gain.”
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
ON THE RIVER.
BY I, M. DERDER,
gust, and delude ourselves in the vain effort to de-
lude the world. 4
There is beauty everywhere, yes, and Joy, if we
will. Experience and observation every day
demonstrate that they are not confined to condi-
tion. They exist in the soul, and will Tespond
when called upon. We are seldom unhappy from
reflecting too much, but often from Teflecting too
little. We never repine at the dispensations of
Providence, except when we undervalue the Dless-
ings which we receive, and then wecheat ourselyes
instead of the Giver. Nohere is the wisdom
and benevolence of Divine care more beautifully
shown than in this,—our highest enjoyments are
universal, All the charms of the outer world are
acommon feast. Air and water, dew and sun-
shine, are without money and without price, The
luxuries of life, are the bane of our existence,—
They enfeeble our bodies, weaken our minds, blear
our eyes, benumb our faculties and warp our
judgments. It is well for us as a nation that they
are confined to the few. It is the mechanic, and
the farmer’s son that steps into the halls of legis-
lation, Their children in turn become pampered,
and again the poor boy steps up to fill the post of
honor and emolument, . »
The Englishman, in the quiet of his home, con-
tenting himself in the adornment of his grounds,
or the pleasures of the chase, forms a striking
contrast to the bustling money-making American,
So long as we pay a premium for rogues to sit in
Legislative Halls, and lend our devotions to
wealth, while artists, the literary, and the scien-
tific, starve, just so long shall we have of these,
second-rate individuals. It is no wonder that we
have not painters like the old Italian school; or
poets such as England has produced. The talent
which might have generated these have been
drawn to another channel —statesmanship,—and
is, too often, perverted to unholy purposes. If
this ambition to rule were at an end, and merit,
only received preferment, we might hope for a
revolution in society. But it is possible to awaken
alove for the truly beautiful, which shall grow
with coming years.
“There's beauty all around our paths, if but our
watchful eyes,
Can trace it’mid familiar things, and in their lowly
guise, B. A. MN.
Lockport, N. Y., 1859,
-A oniry stood by a river;
He spied a poor old man
Whore form was bont and shrunken,
_ His features old and wan;
‘Floating down the current,—
’Twas smooth and easy now,
, Clear and unobstructed
As the youth’s unclouded brow,
‘Tho old man moored his bark
By the still and silent shore,
Neyer to guide its rudder,
Never ply its oar,
Neyer to breast the current,
Never to face the gale,
Never, in ll his future,
To trim the laboring sail ;
But to rest for a single moment
Beneath the spreading trees,
To breathe the fragrant odors
That float upon the breeze;
To feel a shade of sadness,
A lingering ‘mid the toil
Of the endless river running
O’er Time's absorbing soll.
‘The child unmoored the vessel,
And launched upon the tide;
Hope, Courage, in his bosom,
And angels at his side;
He gave no look bebind him,
As he plied the tiny oar,
His gaze was to that future
Which he must now exploro,
The old man’s labor finished—
The infant's Just began—
And this is but a picture
Of the life of child and man;
For each must breast the currents
‘That beneath their vessels glide,
And each must steer his Journey
On a deep and dangerous tide,
The old man’s course !s ended—
He fiads his fated grave;
The child embarks his fortunes
Upon life’s troubled wave,
Thus pass the generations—
‘Thus do our moment’s go—
Like the gladness of a wedding,
Like the sadness of a woe!
Watertown, N. Y., 1859,
POVERTY NOT SO GREAT A CURSE,
Ir there is anything in the world that a young
man should be more grateful for than another,
it is the poverty which necessitates his starting
in life under very great disadvantages, Poverty
is One of the best tests of human quality in
existence. A triumph over it is like graduating
with honor from West Point. It demonstrates
stuff and stamina. It is a certificate of worthy
labor ereditably performed. A young man who
cannot stand this test is not good for anything.
He can never rise above a drudge or a pauper.
A young man who cannot feel his will harden as
the yoke of poverty presses upon him, and his
pluck rise with every diffiulty that poverty throws
in his way, may as well retire into some corner
and hide himself. Poverty saves a thousand times
more men than it ruins; for it only ruins those
who are not particularly worth saving, while it
saves multitudes of those whom wealth would
have rumed. If any young man who reads this
letter is so unfortunate as to be rich, I give him
my pity. I pity you, my rich young friend, be-
cause you are in danger. You lack one great
stimulus to effort and excellence, which your poor
companion possesses. You will be very apt, if
you have a soft spot in your head, to think your-
self above him, and that sort of thing makes you
mean, and injures you. With full pockets and
full stomach, and good linen and broadcloth on
your back, your heart and soul plethoric, in the
race of life you will find yourself surpassed by
all the poor boys around you, before you know it,
No, my boy, if you are poor, thank God and
take courage; for he intends to give you a chance
to make something of yourself. If you had
plenty of money, ten chances to one it would
spoil you for all useful purposes. Do you lack
education? Have you been cut short in the text
books? Remember that education, like some
other things, does not consist in the multitude of
things a man possesses. What can you do?
That is the question that settles the business for
you. Do you know your business? Do you
know men and how to deal with them? Has your
mind, by any means whatsoever, received that
discipline which gives to it action, power and
facility? If so, then you are more a man, and a
thousand times better educated than the fellow
who graduates from a college with his brains full
of stuff that he cannot apply to the practical
business of life—stuff, the acquisition of which
has been in no sense a disciplinary process so far
as he is concerned. There are very few men in
this world less than thirty years, of age, and
unmarried, who can afford to be rich. One of the
greatest benefits to be reaped from great financial
disasters is the saving of a large crop of young
men.—Zimothy Titcomd.
Noyesnen.—The following lines by Hartley
Coleridge are beautiful :
Tne mellow year is hasting to its close;
‘The little birds have almost sung thelr last,
Their emall notes twitter in the dreary blast
Thal, shrill piped, harbinger early snows,
The patient beauty of the scentless rose,
Of with the morn’s hoar crystal quaintly glassed ;
Hangs a pale mourner for the summer past,
And makes a little summer where it grows.
Tn the chill sunbeam of the faint brief day,
The dusky waters shudder as they shine;
‘The russet leayes obstruct the straggling way
Of oozy brooks which no deep banks define;
And the gaunt woods, in ragged, scant array,
Wrapt their old limbs with sombre ivy twine,
+e —___
Oxp Acz,—Beautiful is the old age of the right-
eous, beautiful as the slow, drooping, mellow
autumn of arich, glorious summer. In the old
man, nature has fulfilled her work; she loads him
with the fruits of a well spent life, and surrounded
by bis well trained, obedient children, and his
children’s children, she rocks him away softly to
the grave, to which he is followed by blessings.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
CULTIVATE THE BEAUTIFUL.
NUMBER II,
We are many times of that class, “which, hay-
ing eyes see not,” and debar ourselves of much of
the enjoyment Heayen has bountifully spread for
us, We become buried in self, forgetful that we
live more, enjoy more, are better and nobler by
living in the world around us, The larger the
draughts made upon the fountains of the human
soul, the more copious they become. There isa
taste for the beautiful implanted in our natures,
and Gop has spread around us ample means for
its gratification. Shall we not cultivate it? They
are but sorry philosophers who would teach us to
be simply utilitarians. They err (if I mistake
not,) not only in education, but in morals and re-
ligion, who fail to make them attractive and beau-
tiful. Gop has not made them so, why should we
deform them? Why desecrate and despoil what
he has beautified?
Acute observers tell us that the surroundings of
a people has to do, not only with the formation of
their characters, but that the lineaments of the
face are moulded by them. And does not our own
observation confirm it? You find the rugged
mountaineer a counterpart of his home. Why is
Italy the foster-mother of the arts? Is it not that
her beautiful landscapes, and soft and sunny skies,
tend to develop the beautiful in the soul? The
atmosphere we breath, joyful or sad, thankful or
complaining, slowly but surely stamps itself upon
us. Jf our homes and our school-rooms are sur-
rounded with lovely objects—if only the good,
the true, and the beautiful are inculcated, will
they not gleam from the countenance, and sparkle
in the eye?
Aside from the service of our Creator there is
no pleasure deeper or purer than the cultivation of
the beautiful in nature and in art. It may serye
not only as an agreeable pastime to fill up the in-
teryals occurring amid severe studies, but may be
combined with them, Unlike other enjoyments it
does not satiate, but elevates and ennobles the
other faculties. It would seem as though beauty
begat beauty in its tendency upon the human
heart, for, ever softening and purifying, it unfolds
4 higher life,—engenders a new existence—creates
a new sense the enjoyment of which renders life
more blissful. Can that individual be truly said
to live who sees in an external world, with all
its nice dependencies and adaptations, nothing
beautiful?
It is true, literally and proverbially, that Ameri-
cans who have bidden defiance to everything where
intellectual or mechanical skill is concerned, haye
forgotten one great item, viz., the art of rendering
existence pleasant. The child, instead of being
permitted to give expression to the natural emo-
tions of its heart, is taught to repress and cloakin
Stoical indifference the finest feelings which
Heaven has implanted, It is but a little thing for
4 parent or a teacher to mould the plastic mind of
4 child in such a manner,that it may seek its own
enjoyment within itself, A timely word, an allu-
Sion, a thought, may enable it to discover beauty
in an act, in a landscape, in a blossom; or, per-
haps, in the embodied conception of some more
fertile mind. Nature, ever prodigal in her gifts,
has surrounded us with inexhaustible sources of
delight; but neglecting these we chose phantoms
and dreams that end in disappointment and dis-
- =
Sloe S_
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
THE RAINY DAY,
BY £)
IN LEE,
‘Tue mist is on yon mountain's brow,
A cloud hangs o'er the vale—
The sunset leaves no cheering glow
Upon Nighvs darksome vell;
But all is dark, and lone, and drear,
For deeply groans the dying year,
Its race is almost run—
Its spring of light and Joy is gone,
Its summer vanished all too soon,
And autumn now, with shortening days,
Bathes in the light of golden rays,
And sighs upon the listening ear,
The grave is cold, and damp, and drear,
Its portal knows no sun, 7
Yet throngh this cloudy, dreary day,
And through the darker drearier night,
We see the light of Hopo’s bright ray,—
How glad it beams upon our sight;
No clouds can dim its cbeering rays,—
*Mid darkest storms it brightly Plays,
Dispelling all their gloom.
Its gentle light foretells the day
When wintry skies shall pass away,
When singing birds and fragrant flowers i]
Shall gladden fairy-shaded bowers,—
Even “ Death shall lose its yenomed sting,”
And the cold grave merge into spring,—
A spring of Heavenly bloom.
Scipio, N. ¥., 1850, .
+-—____
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
VOICES,
Tas voice was the crowning gift of Gop to man.
By means of it we can most readily convey our
thoughts to our fellow-creatures, and through this
medium the most of us can exercise the greatest
influence. The different tones of the voice have
reat power over the emotions of the soul,—if they
are gentle and kind, a kindred feeling will be
awakened within our own breasts; if harsh and
unfriendly, like emotions will be aroused. How
carefully then should we guard this delicate instru-
ment, so that its keys, when touched, shall ever
send forth sweet, harmonious music.
But there dre voices, myriads of voices, breath-
ing everywhere. ’Tis not alone to man that Gop
has grapted this great gift. Ah, no. Who has
not heard another voice—even the voice of Nature,
either amid the loud roaring of the cataract, the
howling of the storm, or in the musical plash of
the mimic waterfall. There may be much in her
sublime tones to stir the quick perceptions of the
soul, but her gentle whisperings have so much of
beauty and sweetness they cannot fail awakening
deepemotion. Glad songs have thelittle babbling
brooks sung to us in our childhood, and now we
can never watch their silvery waters, murmuring
So peacefully along, without having our thoughts
wafted back to happy by-gone days.
But the human voice and the voice of Nature
are not the only ones we may hear; for there are
Yoices, sweet spirit voices, that thrill through the
soul, and echo there long after the tones that
awakened them have died away. When the heart
is sad and weary, soothing whispers are heard
telling of a Land of Rest where the cares and sor-
rows of earth have no entrance. They speak of
unfading flowers,— of trees that always are green,
— of bright, beautiful waters, ever flowing peace-
fally,—of angel bands with snowy wings and
golden harps,—of music more melodious than e’er
was struck from earthly lyres,—of a starry crown
to be exchanged for the burdensome cross, and we
long to say to the fettered soul, “Plume thy
pinions for thine everlasting flight,—leave far
behind the sin and sorrow of earth, and find an
eternal rest amidst the glories of the Better Land.”
At such moments, when we feel an impatient res-
tiveness of soul, and find it well nigh impossible
to exclaim, ‘‘ Thy will be done,” one spirit yoice,
superior to all others, will speak to the heart, and
if we but listen it will teach us the difficult les-
sons of heroic endurance and patient Waiting, till
we be called to inherit our eternal reward.
Loose Lixpex.
Galnesville, Wyoming Co,, N. Y., 1859.
Taue Contextuext.—In this age of restlessness
and wild speculation, when so many are searching
eagerly for happiness, and sighing, after numer-
ous disappointments, ‘Who will show us any
good?” it is refreshing to meet with a contented
Christian heart, which has found true peace by
living in constant communion with Gop. In one
of our exchanges we find the following:—Said a
venerable farmer, some eighty years old, to a rela-
tive who had lately visited hia,—“T have livedon
this farm for more thanhalfacentury. I have no
desire to change my residence as long as I live on
earth. Ihave no desire to be any richer thanI
nowam. I have worshiped the Gop of my fath-
er’s with the same people for more than forty
years. During this time I haverarely been absent
from the sanctuary on the Sabbath, and havenever
lost one communion season. I have never been
confined to my bed by sickness for a single day.
The blessings of Gop have been richly spread
around me, and I made up my mind long ago, that
if I wished to be happier, I must have more re-
ligion.”
——___+e+ —___ _
SPEAK LOW TO ME.
Srzax low to me, my Saylor, low and sweet
From ont the hallelojahs, sweet and low,
Lest I should fear and fall, and miss thee 80,
Who art not missed by any that en(reat.
Speak to meas to Mary at Thy feet—
And if no precious gems my hand bestow,
Lot my tears drop like amber, while I go
In reach of Thy divinost volce, complete
In humanest affection—thus, in sooth,
To lose the sense of losing! As achild
Whose song-bird seeks the wood for evermero
Is sung to, In its stead, by mother’s mouth,
‘Tin sinking on her breast, love recenciled,
He sleeps the faster that he wopt before,
(rs, Browning.
»
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
ACQUIREMENT OF TRUE PRINCIPLES,
‘Wnuen we place our estimate upon individuals,
the first thing to be considered is moral principle.
All other possessions sink into insignificance when
taken in connection with this. It is the real,
genuine stamp which characterizes individuals,
keeping their memory sacred in the hearts of
others. No person can be truly educated without
it. He may have all the knowledge of books which
one mind can contain, and still, without correct
principles—a keen and just perception of right,
and a desire to do that right—there is a great
mental deformity marking such a person just as
perceptibly as outward deformity.
When, if ever, are these principles to be obtain-
ed? May we, after years spentin vice and wicked-
ness, hope to reform and entirely undo those habits
which were formed in childhood? There is an
old saying, and a true one, though couched in
simple lsoguage:-—“ At the fiz is bent the tree's
inclined,” These principles, then, must be in-
stilled into our being from our earliest years; or,
when that little ¢tofy shall have become a éree, we
will behold a knotted and gnarled oak. Fellow
teachers, upon you and me devolves a part of this
great work,—how are we to accomplish it best ?—
The stamping of the foot, and the throwing of the
ruler, may frighten the child into obedience, yet
they will not give anything rea? when the princi-
ples come to be tried and refined, and the dross
thrown aside. We want something sferding, then
—something that will withstand the tests to which
We are obliged to submit before we are pronounced
ready to take apart in the “great concerns” of
life. For one, I do not want that obedience which
only moves the hand subservient to my will, and
leaves the heart in entire rebellion. I want to
reason with the child, and convince him that a
certain course is right, and he must pursue it be-
cause it is rigit, and for the same reason neglect
to do wrong because it’ is wrong. Here we have
the standard course of action, which will be con-
tinued without our keeping an “eye watch” over
every movement. I argue that children never do
wrong in early life because the evil yields pleas-
ure. Children err many times from an inability
to determine what is right, andif left to continue
in a wrong course, think there is no other way;
or, become so accustomed to wrong practices, and
find it hard to change, yet if taught the right at a
time when the «wi// is more /lerible, learn to love
it, and by-and-by will act from a natural desire to
do right which has taken possession of the heart.
Talking to children about the necessity of hay-
ing good principles, will not suffice to teach them,
—we must ever live and act them ourselves, and
let them be adorned with perfect kindness, that
they may seem more beautiful and inviting, Eyer
place a proper estimate upon every childish act in
which the least principle is involved, thus teach-
ing the just appreciation which those acts deserve,
—ever be truthful, as truth lies at the foundation
of all other principles. But I need not enumerate
the little links which, when united, form the great
chain of true principles, Exaty Exuis,
New Lebanon, Col. Co., N. ¥., 1859,
+e.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
THE OLD SCHOOL-HOUSE.
How many pleasant memories, how many en-
dearing recollections, come thronging to my brain
as I look back to boyhood’s sunny hours, when,
with my books under my arm, I went whistling
with gay, light-hearted companions towards the
old school-house, by the big pine tree, How joy-
ous and full of gladness were those days, when,
after reciting our lessons, (which we sometimes
thought outrageously long,) we were let out upon
the grassy lawn to make things “hum” for awhile
with our hoisy glee. How we tumbled, wrestled,
and played the thousand games and sports known
only to the school-boy, and then, when we heard the
tinkling of the good old master’s bell, with what
a happy shout would we disperse, each trying to
outstrip the others in the race for the school-room
door. How we loved that old master, and how
patiently would we sit, and with the strictest at-
tention, listen to him, while he recounted anec-
dotes without number, of terrible deeds performed
in battle,—of men who crossed the sea to find new
worlds —all of which we, with big eyes, and wide
open mouths, would swallow with heart-felt admi-
ration, Ah! those were happy days—but thoy
have passed never to return.
Where now are the boys that thronged that
grassy lawn?—where now is the old master?—
where the old school-house? The boys are gone;
some of them to take an active part in business
life; some to hold the reins of government; some
are great and famous; others are lowly and ob-
scure; while some, alas,
“Life's fitful fever over, sleep well.”
The kind old master, who labored so hard to make
us useful and prominent members of society, was
long since gathered to the graves of his fathers,—
The old, time-worn school-house has given way to
a more costly edifice, which looks too cold and
formal to me, as I think of the little brown build-
ing of years ago. But the old tree stands there,
more beautiful and majestic than ever,—other
boys play beneath its brond-spreading branches,
making the welkin ring with their thoughtless
gaiety, while it looks down 4s smilingly upon them
4s it did upon us, in the years long since gone.
, ~~ Gro. H. Worpes.
——____+e+—___—_.
Iris not wisdom, but ignorance, which teaches
men presumption. Genius may be sometimes
arrogant, but nothing is so diffident as knowledge.
_ Tue greater a man is, the less he necessarily
thinks of himself; forhis knowledge enlarges with
his attainments.
THE EDUCATION MOST NEEDED.
Tue question is often asked why it is that 50
few people sre successful in business, and why
property finds such an unequal distribution?
This man, they say, received the advantages of a
good English Education, and that man was educa-
ted at one of our best colleges. Both have been
industrious, honest and economical, and yet neither
of them has been successful in business. Why is
it? asks the New York Express, and that journal
proceeds to point out the cause, and, in the course
of its remarks, observes:
“The idea too commonly prevails that a mere
knowledge of books is the beginning and end
of education. The sons and daughters, espe-
cially of the rich, grow up with this notion in
their heads, in idleness, os it were, with little
idea of the responsibilities that await them.
Their natures revolt at the mention of ‘labor,’
not dreaming that their parents before them
obtained the wealth they are so proud of by
industry and economy. How many young men,
college-bred though they may be, are prepared
to manage the estates which their fathers pos-
sess, and which it may have required a lifetime
to acquire? How many young women, though
haying acquired all the knowledge and graces
of the best schools, know how to do what their
mothers have done before them, and which the
daughters may be compelled to do at some period
of their lives? The children of the poor have
to labor or starve, and as far as that goes they
are educated to be practical. The education
that scoffs at labor, and encourages idleness,
is the worst enemy for a girl, man, or woman.
Tnstead of ennobling, it degrades; it opens up
the road to ruin. The education which directs
us to do what we are fitted to do—that respects
labor—that inculcates industry, honesty, and
fair dealing, and that strips us of selfishness, is
the education we do need, and that which must
become the prevailing system of the country
before we can be a people either happy or pros-
perous.””
————__+o—______
RUDIMENTAL ACCURACY IN EDUCATION,
Ar the distribution of certificates to the success-
ful candidates at the late Oxford Local Examina-
tion, at Exeter, a few days ago, the Right Hon.
Sir J. Coleridge delivered an address, in the course
of which he said :—‘‘ I would press the importance
of that which the University of Oxford adhered to,
to the great disappointment of many persons,
namely, the sticking to the elements, and saying
that nothing shall supercede accuracy in the lower
and rudimental parts of education. An examiner
had a class before him—the first class in arithme-
tic. They were able to answer questions; they
had gone through all the higher branches of arith-
metic, and were prepared to answer anything.
But he said, ‘I will give you a sum in simple
addition” He accordingly dictated a sum, and
cautiously interspersed a good many ciphers.—
Suppose, for instance, he said, ‘a thousand and
forty-nine.’ He found there was not one in the
class who was able to putdown thatsumin simple
addition; they could not make count of the ciphers.
That showed him the boys had been suffered to
pass far too quickly over the elementary parts of
arithmetic. The examiner took themin grammar,
and quoted a few lines from Cowper:
‘Tam monarch of all I survey,
My right there is none to dispute,’
‘What governs right?’ There was nota boy could
say, till it was put to them ‘none to dispute my
right.’ Then:
‘The beasts that roam over the plain,
My form with indifference see,’
None could tell what governed ‘see’ or what ‘see’
governed after it. These are instances thatI think
it not useless to mention, for the purpose of draw-
ing the attention of intelligent schoolmasters to
the necessity of attending—not merely once in the
beginning, but going back from time to time—to
the elements.""—Znglish paper.
—_+e+_____
THE TEACHINGS OF ARITHMETIC,
Wuen the pupil does not understand the ques-
tion or proposition, he should be allowed to reason
upon it in his own way, and agreeably to his own
associations, Whether his way is the best or not,
on the whole, it is the best way for him at first,
and he ought by no means to be interrupted in it,
or forced out of it. The judicious teacher will
leave him to manage it entirely by himself, and in
his own way, if he can. Or, if he meets witha
little difficulty, but is still in a way that will lead
to a proper result, he will apply his aid so as to
keep him in his own way. When the scholar has
been through the process in his own way, he should
be made to explain how he has done it; and if he
has not proceeded in the best way, he should be
led by degrees into the best way. Many teachers
seem not to know that there is more than one way
to do a thing, or think ofa thing; and if they find
ascholar pursuing a method different from their
own or that of the text book, they suppose of
course he must be wrong, and they check him
at once, and endeavor to force him into their way,
whether he understands it or not. If such teach-
ers would have patience to listen to their scholars,
and examine their operations, they would frequent-
ly discover very good ways that have never oc-
curred to them before. Nothing is more discour-
aging to scholars, than to interrupt them, when
they are proceeding bya method which they know
to be right; and to endeavor to force them into
one which they do not understand, and which is
not agreeable to their ways of thinking. And
nothing gives scholars so much confidence in their
own powers, and stimulates them so much to use
their own efforts, as to allow them to pursue their
own methods, and to encourage them in them,—
Warren Colburn.
Tue Howas Mixb.—How vast, how marvellous
the amplitude of the human understanding!—a
principle so nearly allied to the Divine, that, like
images of the resplendent worlds above, impressed
on a tranquil sea, the thoughts of God glance upon
the peaceful, meditative soul, and the Infinite is
reflected through the finite, for the improvement
and elevation of the whole race of men.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
WEYER'S CAVE.—NO. Iv.
Ar the entrance of Jefferson's Room is an oral
stalagmite of enormous size, gradually diminish-
ing toward the top, and having the appearance of
being left in an unfinished state. It is thirty-six
feet in length, by about thirty im breadth, and the
samein height, ‘The peculiarity and beauty of
this stalagmite consist in its being composed of
several stories or stages, which are separated by
seyeral horizontal layers of crystal spar, and from
layer to layer the space is filled up with perpen-
dicular flatings, formed by the dropping stalactites
descending from stage to stage. This is most
happily denominated the Tower of Babel, for tho’
not strictly resembling the mass that yet remains
of this stupendous edifice on the plains of Shinar,
it is nevertheless very like the popular represen-
tations of the Tower of Babel accompanying the
old editions of the Bible.” Behind this Tower we
find Sir Walter Scott's Hall, and Sir Walter’s
Library. In the center of the former is an eleva-
tion called the Tomb, and fancy has not failed to
find, in the numerous incrustations which adorn
these rooms, many imitations of the armor and
aronial trophies which filled the classic Hall and
Library of Abbotsford.
Snow Hill resembles in form and size the Tower
of Babel, but its top is crowned with a mass of
dazzlingly white spar, suggesting the name it
bears. Near the Hill is a formation bearing the
names of Oyster Shell and Fly Trap. ‘Both of
these oames,” says Miss Caney, “are in some
sort descriptive, but neither in poetical keeping
with the object designated. The stalactites of
which it is formed are two thin layers, nearly cir-
cular in shape, and from five to six feet in diame-
ter. These hollow sheets are joined at their
smaller end precisely like the shells of an oyster,
and stand apart at the larger and outer end until
they gap open a width of several feet. The inner
surface of these shells is perfectly smooth, but
their exterior is covered with all sorts of strange
appendages. From the under one hangs a collec-
tion of folds resembling the bosom ruffle of a shirt,
or the full lace trimmings of a lady’s cap, depend-
ing edgewise, and so translucent as to admit of
candlelight shining through them. Some of these
rufiles are of the purest snowy white, others are of
a dull yellow, and others again of a brown color.
Nature has done her starching so well that not-
withstanding the continual moisture to which they
are exposed, they do not in the least grow limp,”
A little beyond these, a recess in the wall leads
to the termination chamber, a room situated two
thousand five hundred feet from the entrance of
the cave. Here is a fine spring of water covered
over with a very thin, yet strong lid of rock. This
is the last point to which visitors penetrate, and
sit is somewhat difficult of entrance, the name
of the traveler, Bruce, has been given to the
stalagmite at the entrance, and the fountain has
been appropriately named the Source of the Nile.
The return may be made much the most inter-
esting part of the route, since many of the rooms
present a very different appearance when viewed
from different points. But many become too much
fatigued, and too anxious to look again upon the
smiling earth and the o’erarching heaven, to lin-
ger long in these subterranean caverns. Miracles
of beauty and wondrous freaks of fancy were hur-
riedly noticed, and at midnight our party emerged
from the mouth of the cave, and with glad hearts
entered the grove through whose leafy arches the
blue sky and the silver stars looked down witha
gentle radiance, never before so beautiful.
There is much to awaken poetic fancy in the
darkness and silence of this strange palace—in
the patient toil of Nature through unknown ages—
inthe strange creations which start up like pale
ghosts at almost every wave of the torch, and in
the solemn vigil of “(the Guards” watching out
the long procession of centuries, but neither poet's
pen nor artist’s pencil can convey an adequate
impression of the wonders which fill this cele-
brated cave. Bertoa Mortimer,
Newark, N. Y,, 1859.
ECONOMIES OF MODERN SOCIETY.
We seem to be approaching a time, says Dr.
Potter, when valuable use will be found for every-
thing, however vile and apparently worthless.
Take rags, for example; when they have ceased
to be fit covering even for a beggar, and are cast
out, loaded with filth, they are carefully collected,
transported as precious freight from one country to
another, and, after being washed and bleached, and
subjected to the operation of cutters and presses,
come forth a beautiful white fabric, ready to
receive and transmit to distant places or ages the
records of wisdom, or the messages of business,
or the confidential breathings of friendship. So
bones and offal, which have been thrown into the
streets, are picked up and carried to the sal-
amméniac factory, where, after being boiled,
distilled, &c., they yield grease for soap; and oil
which, on being burned in clos’ apartments, de-
posits the black soot called lamp-black, and affords
at the same time the carbonate of ammonia, or
hartshorn; the sulphate of soda, or glauber salt,
and lastly, sal- ammoniac. Horns, which are
attached to hides when purchased by the tanner,
are separated, sold to the makers of combs and
lanterns, who make combs of one part; knife-
handles, tops of whips, &c., from another; glue
again from another; fat for soap from another;
the transparent part of lanterns from another; and
finally, by grinding down the bony substance
which remains after all these operations, they
have a manure which they sell tothe farmer. The
prussiate of potasb, a beautiful mineral, by which
we obtain prussian blue, is produced from the
hoofs of horses and cattle; # black dye, for the use
of calico printers, is extracted from old tin kettles
and worn out coal scuttles; bread, which, though
not very palatable is still nutritious (?) and diges-
tible, has been obtained from sawdust! and linen
rags, mixed with a common acid, have been made
by chemists to yield more than their own weight
of sugar.— Scientific Artisan.
DAMASCUS,
Dawascus is the oldest city in the world. Tyre
and Sidon bave crumbled on the shore; Baalbec
isaruin; Palmyrais buried in the sands of the
desert; Nineveh and Babylon Bave disappeared
from the Tigris and Euphrates; Damascus remains
what it was before the days of Abraham—a centre
of trade and travel—an island of verdure in a
desert—‘a predestinated capital,” with martial
and sacred associations extending through more
than thirty centuries. It was ‘near Damascus’
that Saul of Tarsus saw the “‘light from heaven
above the brightness of the sun;” the street which
is called Strait, in which it was said “he prayeth,””
still rons through the city. The caravan comes
and goes as it did athousand years ago; there are
still the sheik, the ass, and the water-wheel, the
merchants of Euphrates and of the Mediterranean
still “occupy” these “ with the multitude of their
waters.” The city which Mahomet surveyed from
a neighboring height, and was afraid nter,
“because it is given to man to have but one para-
dise, and for his part, he resolved not to have it in
this world,” is to this day what Julian called “the
eye of the East,” as it was in the time of Isaiah,
“the head of Syria.” From Damascus came the
damson, or blue plum, and the delicious apricot
of Portugal, called damaso; damask, our beautiful
fabric of cotton and silk, with vines and flowers
raised upon a smooth, bright ground; the damask
rose, introduced into England in the time of Henry
VIII; the Damascus blade, so famous the world
over for its keen edge and wonderful elasticity,
the secret of whose manufacture was lost when
Tamerlane carried off the artists into Persia; and
that beautiful art of inlaying wood and steel with
silver and gold, akind of Mosaic, engraving and
sculpture united, called Damas-keening —with
which boxes, bureaus, swords and guns are orna-
mented. It is still a city of flowers and bright
waters; the streams from Lebanon, the “rivers
of Damascus,” the “rivers of gold,’ still murmur
and sparkle in the wilderness of “Syrian gardens.”
See
WANT OF AIR,
A vate writer thinks that the “old fashioned fire-
place” wasone great sourceof health. We quote:
“Now it is remarkable to observe how simulta-
neously the gradual introduction and use of stoves,
and the diminution of life, and the increase of
mortality in the United States, haye advanced
together. Fifty or sixty years ago, stoves were
not much in use. In all the old houses, which
have been built for that length of time, and in
many built long since, we find the old, open fire-
place—but now no longer in use; being either
permanently or temporarily closed up, and re-
placed by a close iron stove, or at best by a small
grate, or else by a furnace. And correspondingly
we find, wherever we have the records from which
to determine, a deterioration of life and health
regularly progressing with the change in our
domestic habits and arrangements. Thus we
have seen the average age at which death takes
place has, within the last half century, diminished
from six to nine years; thatin Philadelphia and
New York, the age at which half the deaths occur,
has receded within the same period, from twenty-
four years to less than five years. And that the
rate per cent. of infant mortality in Boston nearly
doubled in twenty years, and in New York city
actually trebled in forty-seven years; the deaths
of children under five years of age in 100,000
inbabitants of all ages, having regularly increased
from 688, in the year 1516, to 2,004 in an equal
population in the year 18,
hese facts are worthy of consideration, With-
out proving that stoves are unwholesome, they do
prove, we think, that our houses should be prop-
erly yentilated, and our rooms better supplied
with oxygen. The old-fashioned fire-place venti-
lated the room in which a fire was kindled. The
part formerly played by the open fire-place should
now be performed by some other opening.
——_ 2. —_—_—_—
THE RIVER JORDAN.
A cornesponpenr of the Utica Herald thus de-
seribes the River Jordan:—A line of low green
forest trees betrayed the course of the sacred
river through the plain. So deep is its channel,
and so thick is the forest that skirts its banks, that
I rode within twenty yards of it before I caught
the first gleam ofits waters. I was agreeably dis-
appointed. Ihad heard the Jordan described as
an insipid, muddy stream. Whether it was the
contrast with the desolation around, or my fancy
had made its green banksso beautiful, I know not,
but it did seem at the moment of its, revelation to
my longing eyes, the perfection of calm and loveli-
ness. Itis hardly as wide as the Mohawk at Utica,
but far more rapid and impassioned in its flow.
Indeed, of all the rivers I have ever seen, the
Jordan has the fiercest current. Its water is by
no means clear, but it as little deserves the name
ofmuddy. At the place where I first saw it, tradi-
tion assigns the baptism of our Savior, and also
the miraculous crossing of the children of Israel
on their entrance to the promised land. Likea
true pilgrim, I bathed in its waters and picked
afew pebbles from its banks as tokens of remem-
brance of the most familiar river in the world.
Three miles below the spot where I now stand, the
noble river—itself the very emblem of life—sud-
denly throws itself on the putrid bosom of the
Dead Sea.
———_o-_
Teapenance.—Sully, the great French states-
man, always kept up at the table the frugality to
which he had been accustomed in early life in the
army. His meal consisted of @ few dishes dressed
in the plainest manner. The courtiers often re-
proached him with the simplicity of his table; and
he would reply, in the words of an ancient:—“ If
the guests are men of sense, there is sufficient for
them; if they are not, I can very well dispense
with their company.”
We devote the whole of the Yoox Runauist’s
column the Present week to ans ering a number
of inquiries from ou: young friends, and have
others still on hand eat wi attention in
a week or two.
>
Maxixe Prorvne Prawes— Young Ru-
ralist inform me how to make picture frames from pino
burrs, acorns, beech nuts, &c.? What kind of frames
should be used, in what order should they be placed,
and how fastened to the frames? Any information on
tho subject will bo kindly appreciated by~G.'B, W.,
Penn Yan, N. ¥., 1859. . e
Anrestan WELLs,—I see occasional notices in papers
of what are called artesian wells, which aro sunk from
900 to 2,000 feet, Whatis the object of boring so deop
in the earth for water, when it can be found almost
anywhere, from 20 to 50 feet from tho surface? And
what kind of machinery is used to do the work ?—J.
IL, Glens Fatls, N. ¥., 1859.
Anrestay Wetts are boted through rocks by a
heavy steel borer, moved by a spring, as common
drills are by hand. They are only 3 to 5 inches in
diameter, and bored so deep because water enough
is not found at 80, or 300, or 2,000 feet deep.
These wells raise the water above the surface of
the well 50 to 150 feet deep, so that the power of
the water is easily applied to desired purposes. J.
H. should read the account of the well at Louis-
ville, Ky., 2,080 feet deep, in this paper half a
year since,
=
Sux-Doo,—Will some one please explain the philos-
ophy of what is called a sun-dog, supposed to bo an
indicator of storms ?—C, H,T., West Northfield, Mase.,
1859, iad
A suN-p0G, or mock-sun, is caused by the reflec-
tion or refraction of light from a cloud or hazy
atmosphere, so as to give light like a far inferior
sun, Itis one of the common halos or parhelia,
and seems to occur when the state of the atmos-
phere is fitted for storm or change,
Farrztxe Boren WArex.—Seeing that you reserved
one column of your paper for the children, I thought
perhaps I might gain some information respecting a
question which I am unable to answer. Why does
water that has been boiled freeze sooner that that which
has not? I have not the means to find the true answer,
as I reside in the country, but I hope you will not deem
ittoo simple to respond to.—P. 8,, Purcellville, Va.,
1859,
Ler P. S. expose two equal portions of water in
similar vessels, in a cold day or evening, one
having been boiled and the other not, and see what
the trial will show; a good experiment for him.
Then let him report to us the result, and offer his
question. He will receive the due answer.
Exzorerorry IseonDERARLE.—If the theory, ‘as taught
in chemistry and philosophy, that electricity is impon-
derable is correct, how is it that a flash of lightning
can penetrate the alr, a ponderadle body, and what
causes the report 5., Crum Creek, N. ¥., 1859,
Execrniciry is said to be imponderable because
it cannot be weighed; this does not prevent its
being being very elastic and powerful. The
explosion (thunder) is caused by the air, separated
by the passage of lightning, closing again with
great force.
Purssure ox A Mitt-Daw. — Please inform me,
through the columns of the Rurat, whether there will
be more pressure on a mill-dam in which the water
stands back from the dam ten miles, than there would
be in the same dam if the water stood back only ten
feot, provided that In each case the water is of the samo
depth ?—J, B., Kinsman, 1859.
Axy common school philosophy will show J.
B. that the pressure of water is proportional to
the depth.
Minera Rop,—Will you, or some of your able nssis-
tants, please give me through the columns of your paper
information as to a mineral rod—whether there be such
a thiog—if so, where I can get one, and also the price ?
—8. 0., Pembroke, N. Y., 1969.
Miyerat nops haye gone out of use, because
they are good for nothing. If 5. C. wished one,
he can make one out of a forked limb of the apple
tree, or of witch-hazel, which will work admirably,
if he knows /ow to use it—all depends on this.
Warten-Proor Cexext.—I have a favor to ask of
you. Can you, or some of your numerous readers,
inform me how to make a cement that will adhere to
glass, wood, or stone; and harden under water, and not
‘jure animal or vegetable life? I have tried several
kinds, but do not succeed, and presume I do not use
the right material. By giving me the dealred informa~
tlon, you will confer a fayor on one of your—CoxsTANT
Reapens, Phelps, N. ¥., 1859.
Porry and litharge, well mixed together, makes
a good cement, but it must be well dried before
water is applied, Wantof patience in this respect
causes failure. Let it dry three weeks. We pre-
sume “ Constant Reader” is endeavoring to make
an aquarium, Rosendale cement is good for the
bottom, but will not adhere well to glass, and does
not make a neat job for the corners. The Engli
use what is called Roman cement, but we |
not been able to obtain itin this country. Gzo.
Faavensenoe®, of this city, the artist who makes
most of the engravings for the Rugat, prepares
cloth, with a water-proof composition, which
makes 4 very neat job, and never fails. Strips
sufficient to make an aquarium about eighteen
inches square, would cost about fifty cents.
Geneser Mopet Scnoot ror Boys.—Will you, or
some of your numerous correspondents, please
inform me if the “Genesee Model School for Boys,”
is in operation now or not, Ifit is I would like to
know the address necessary to send for a circulur
to that institution, As Ihave no other means of
ascertaining whether the above school eqys now
oF no, 4n answer through the Rosat will greatly
oblige—Joszpn, Geneva, W. ¥., 1859.
‘Tar building of the Model School was burned
several years since, and the school in consequence
broken up, Prof. Seacan, the Principal, we be-
lieve is now the Principal of a school in Dansville.
on
ay
”
CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER,
AGRICULTURAL. Pace.
Inquiries and Notes.—Potatoes Changing in the Hill;
Root Cutters—Lever Root-Cutter, [llustrated}]—Ro-
tary Root Cutter, (lustrated;] The Way to Approac!
a Bee-Hive..,... a ay
European Agriculture.
Ripening, £c.; Cinders for Pigs; Cultivating Hop
Growing the Same Crop Too Often
Group of Silesian Merino Sheep, (Mlustrated).
Private Notes Worthy of Publiclty—A Ori
and Complimented—Value of Straw—Its Proper Of
fice—Manuring Pastures and Meadows. 833
How to Make Beeswax—A New Process 383
Weeklles Preferable to Monthlies... 382
Corn Stook Jack—Short Names Needed. bod
What is a Pare Blood?..., 833
Frost-Bitten Straw for Fodder. 8s
Fair’ Show; The Man with a
ibbard Squashes; A Weighty and 38
able
HORTIOULTURAL.
American Frults{n Europe...
Hedge Growing—The Hawthorn.
Flowers for the Parlor........
Culture of the Hyacinth in Pots
Culture of the Hyacinth in Glasses, (Tllustrated] .
Qultare of the Crocus in Pots, [Two Dlustrations)..
— re; Onon-
adage Beare an fenvelts Gropesfrou Onondazas Wil
Jow, Strawberries, &c....
DOMESTIC ECONOMY.
‘Use of Saleratus and Cream Tartar; Tea-cake; French
BB
Loaf Cake; Queen Cake; Roasting Chestnuts; Rolled
Jelly Cake; lompoaition, Oake; Pork Cak low
Gook Potatoes; Tip-top Cake, oes
LADIES' OLIO,
Lady Franklin, [Poetical;] Wedded to Gold; The Ab-
sent; Grow Beautiful; About the Efucation of Young
Ladies; Simplicity of Dress; Babyhood aeeee OM
CHOICE MISCELLANY.
SABBATH MUSINGS,
‘The Rainy Day, [Poetical :} Volces; True Contentment;
Speak Low to Me, (Poetical)...
EDUCATIONAL,
Agmnirrenk of True Principles; The Old School House;
in
ie Education Most Needed; Rudimental Accuracy
Educatiop; Lhe Teachings of Arithmetic; The
Human Mind...
USEFUL OLIO,
Weyer's Cave—No. IV; Economies of Modern Society;
Damascus; Want of Air; The River Jordans Tem-
perance ....... a eee
YOUNG RURALIST,
Making Picture Frames; Artesian Wells; Sun-Dog;
Freezing Boiled Water; Electricity amponderables
Pressure on a Mill-Dam; Mineral Rod; Water-Proof
Cement; Genesee Model School for Boys....,....-..+
7 STORY TELLER.
November, [Poetical;] Kate Richmond's Bouquet
at Became of It.
LIST OF NEW ADVERTISEMENTS,
Godey’s Lady's Book—t.. A. Godey. : :
The Illustrated Aonual Register of Rural Affairs for 1860—
Luther Tucker & Son.
The People's Mill—K, L. Howard,
Brown's Bronchial Troches, or Cough Lozenges.
‘Trees, Stocks and Seeds—! |. Frost.
20,000 Two Years Oid Apple Stocks—P. Bowen,
Apple Seeds—A. Fahnestock & Sons,
ROCHESTER, N. Y., NOVEMBER 26, 1859.
DOMESTIC NEWS.
Matters at Washington.
Tue estimate of the War Department has been
reduced $2,000,000 for next year, and half a million
below the actual appropriation made by Congress.
The War Department has received a dispatch
from Gen. Twiggs, dated San Antonia, 12th inst.,
saying that an express had just arrived from Rio
Grande city, stating that Cortinas had laid Browns-
ville in ashes, killing ahundred American citizens,
and Cortinas, with 800 men, was marching toward
the Nueces, Full credence was not given to the
Teport.
Mr. Ward, Minister to China, recently expressed
& wish to return home after exchanging the ratifi-
cation treaty, but the President objects, and wishes
him to go to Shanghai and settle the American
claims for which the treaty provides.
The correspondent of the N. Y. Zribune writes
that Secretary Cobb has not commenced writing
his Annual Report, and will not until the latest
figures arereceived. Theclerks are now digesting
information already obtained from his notes and
references. Besides apparent balance of $4,700,-
000 in the Treasury, the Secretary has $5,000,000
in notes received from customs during the heayy
imports, which are capable of re-issue, and about
$1,000,000 anticipated by miscellaneous securities,
These two sums, with a temporary draft upon
the working margin of the Department, will enable
him to meet the Post-Office demand of about gs,-
000,000 by about the 1st of January, and $1,000,000
for Congressional mileage. If the revenue fulfills
his anticipations afterwards, he can get on; if not,
a new law will be neceessary.
Upwards of twenty members of Congress are
now here, and others have been here to make
arrangements for accommodation during the Ses-
sion,
Nothing can yet be positively ascertained con-
cerning the precise object of sending large bodies
of troops to the Rio Grande further than the pro-
tection of that frontier from the attacks of the
force of Cortinas, to utterly destroy which it is the
purpose of the Administration, As it was but
recently supposed, in official quarters, that two
companies from Fort Clark and one from Baton
Rouge would be sufficient to check the movements
of that brigand, the augmentation just ordered
has naturally excited suspicions of other contem-
measures. Various lations are in-
plat
ct
_ revelations de:
p existence of Mexico, or the substitution of a monar.
eby under the protection of those powers. In
view of these circumstances, the pro! i
that our Government may feel constrained to
occupy the Northern part of Mexico to secure the
ratification of the claims of our citizens against
that country, as well as for the security of Ameri-
cans on the frontier, . From all that can be ascer-
tained, it is fair to presume that some of the
| vessels of the home squadron will soon proceed to
Vera Cruz, and other ports of Mexico. Indeed
this seems to be certain, so impending ore the
reported purposes of France, England and Spain
now regarded in official quarters.
es
Personal and Political. .
Tue official returns of the late election in this
State have not all been received as yet, but sufli-
cient intelligence has come to hand to show (hat
Jones, Richmond and Skinner, Democrats, have
been elected by majorities ranging from 400 to
1,200. Forrest, Republican candidate for State
Prison Inspector, has between 500 and 600 majority
over his Democratic competitor.
Avausros Beiyonr, our former Minister at the
Hague, is to remove to Hurope, to take theplace of
head of the house of Rothschild.
Px-Goy. Ginater died at Lexington, Ga. Wed-
nesday afternoon, 16th inst., after a month’sillness.
A whiter in Once a Week, gives the following
account of the death of the great Pitt:—“ Pitt
died at his house on Putney Heath, near the spot
where Canning and Castlereagh fought their duel,
in a very neglected state, none of his family or
friends being with him at the time. One, who was
sincerely attached to him, hearing of his illness,
rode from London to see him. Arriving at his
house, he rang the bell at the entrance-gate, but
no one came, Dismounting, he made his way to
the hall door, and repeatedly rang the bell, which
no one answered, He then entered the house
wandered from room to room, till at last he dis-
covered Pitt on a bed— dead and entirely neglect-
ed. It is supposed, that such was his poverty he
had not been able to pay the wages of his servants,
and that they had absconded, taking with them
what they could,”
Tue vote called out in New York was only 56,-
258 in all, where One Hundred and Four Thousand
stood on the Registers.
Sexator Dovetas’ physician considers his con-
dition considerably improved, and he isconsidered
convalescent.
Tue Brooklyn Star seriously and strongly urges
Horace Greeley for President,
Tue returns of the election, in Louisiana, tor
Governor, thus far, foot up 9,686 for Moore, Dem.,
against 6,775 for Wells, Opp. The Representa-
tives stand 42 Democrats to 22 Opposition and six
Independent.
Te London papers are remarkably well inform-
ed upon the personnel of American politics. The
latest evidence of this is the announcement in one
of them that “‘ amgng the candidates of the Demo-
cratic party for the Presidency, the most promi-
nent is Stephen A. Douglas, a black man, who for
many years has conducted an abolition and eman-
cipation paper with signal success.”
Tae Dubuque Herald gives the following foot-
ings of the official vote on Supreme Judges at the
late election in Iowa:
Republican. Democrats,
Rowe... 5 Wilson 53,885
Stocktol 5, Mason 57,625
Baldwin. . .55,740 | Cole. . 53,418
Aw election for State officers takes place in Kan-
sas on the 4th of next month. Samuel Medary is
the Democratic candidate for Governor, and Goy.
C. Robinson the Republican candidate,
Tue official vote of Maryland at the recent elec-
tion foots up Democratic 38,468, Opposition 48,806.
This, however, includes the vote of Baltimore,
much of which is claimed to be fraudulent.
Tue Milwaukee Sentinel now has returns from
all but eleven countiesin Wisconsin. The majori-
ty for Randall, Rep., thus far is 3,000, and the
counties to come will probably increase it.
Tue Provisional Government of Nebraska has
gone into operation by the organization of both
branches of the Legislature. Mr. Steele, the Goy-
ernor elect, delivered a message in which he urges
the necessity of the present form of government
until Congress shall take action in reference to the
Territory.
Wews Paragraphs.
A rina in Minneapolis is engaged in building
eight large ice boats, which they intend to load
with ice at the foot of Lake Pepin, during the
winter, and run in the spring to Memphis and
other southern markets, The boats will hold in
the aggregate about 25,000 tons,
Tne Elmira Female College is in a flourishing
condition. President Cowles informs us that the
aggregate attendance is greater at this time than
ever before since the opening of the institution,
the number of pupils now in regular attendance
being about one hundred and sixty.
Caxrronyta bids fair to excel Ohio in the produc-
tion of native wine. Most of the wine made there
is consumed in the State, and hence yery little of
it is seen in this quarter; but one of the San
Francisco papers advertises a list of 26 brands.
Tue Secretary of the Treasury has received
through the mail an anonymous letter enclosing
sixty dollars, with a statement that it belongs to
the Indian Department, The conscience of some
defaulter has been touched,
Tne last overland news received in San Fran-
cisco was telegraphed from anew station, Pochcoco
Pass, about one hundred and ten miles from that
city, the operator seated on a box, and holding the
machine in his lap, while the files of the Eastern
papers are spread on the grass around him, The
telegraph line is slowly creeping eastward at the
rate of about four miles per day,
Tie Bordens, who solidify milk up in Litchfield
county, Ct., have also succeeded in solidifying
Sweet cider, so that five quarts are reduced to one,
which becomes a jellyish substance, and can al-
ways be made sweet and liquid cider again by
adding water. The Winsted Herald editor, who
ought to know, seems to like the article.
A Vensoxr paper states that a short time since
aman in Coventry, while engaged in digginga
well, came upon a quantity of frogs, embedded in
the clay, about twenty feet below the surface.—
After exposing them to the air a short time, they
became active and hopped off.
A wAnp winter is predicted in California. The
crop of mast is enormous. The trees in many
places are literally loaded down with acorns. The
Indians predict, “heap snow, heap snow—much
wet,”
Tue foundation of a new Fort on Hog Island
Ledge, Portland Harbor, has just been completed.
The foundations could only be worked at low water,
and the process was along and tedious one. The
cost of the Fort is $480,000, and it is to be fitted to
mount ninety-three guns.
Ar the first census of the United States, which
was completed in 1791, the population was 3,921,-
826; revenue, $4,771,000; exports, $19,000,000;
imports, $20,000,000.
Tue government of Peru has entered into a con-
tract with Dr. Edward Cullen for the introduction
of 25,000 Irish emigrants. The principal stipula-
tions are that the emigrants shall renounce alle-
giance to their government, and must become
Peruvian citizens. The government of Peru has
to pay their sea passage, and every colonist is to
haye about nine English acres of land, at an eleva-
tion of 4,000 feet above the level of the sea,
AitLe plant is found upon the prairies of
Texas, called the “compass flower,” which under
all circumstances of climate, changes of weather,
rain, frost or sunshine, invariably turns its leaves
and flowers towards the north, thus affording an,
unerning guide to the traveler who, unaided by the
needle, seeks to explore those vast plains alone. —
Tue last Runa contained the offer of a South-
erner for Mr. Giddings, dead or alive. The re-
ward has met the eyeof Mr. G., and he replies that
“when he has done with his caput, the enraged
Southerner can have it for $5,000.
Tue Jews of Cincinnati have agreed to close
their places of business on the Christian Sunday,
and to allow no business to be transacted on that
day in their stores and offices.
Fors Exrraonpinany.— A New York corres-
pondent of a Charleston paper says, our leading
far manufacturers have been working up, during
the past summer, skunk skins, exclusively intend-
ed for the foreign market, where the skunk and his
remarkable qualities are entirely unknown. Large
quantities of them go to Europe, and they are
highly prized there under various fictitious and
fancy names.
Sarery or tae Noatn Srar.—For some days a
great deal of anxiety has been felt in reference to
the safety of this California steamer, as she was
nearly two weeks overdue, and had not been heard
from, On the 17th inst., the joyful intelligence
was received that all was right with the steamer,
and the S78 souls on board, by a letter to the
Charleston Courier, stating that she got ashore
about the 26th of October on the French Keys and
remained on the Keys six or seven days, but
finally got off without extra assistance by throw-
ing over some coal and with a loss of anchors,
and proceeded on her voyage on the 2d inst.
Rescue or Forty -THReEE Parsons rromw a Sinx-
ine Vessev.—T he Hungarian which arrived at Port-
land last week, put into St. Johns, N. F., on the 9th
inst., for the purpose of landing forty-three per-
sons a had been rescued from the British
schooner Jobn Martin, bound from Labrador to
Carbonier. In addition to her own crew, the
John Martin had on board the crew of another
schooner which was wrecked on the coast of Lab-
rador in September. The rescue was not made
without considerable difficulty and danger, the
sea running so high that it was next to impossible
for the life-boat to approach the sinking vessel
without being stove to pieces. But the task was
finally accomplished without Accident. The crew
who manned the life-boat were presented by the
passengers of the Hungarian with two sovereigns
each, and a silver cup was also voted to each one
of the brave fellows.
Gioomy Prospects ror Rarroaps.—One hun-
dred million dollars of railroad bonds mature
within the next five years. It is estimated that
not five per cent. of this amount will be returned
from the earnings of the roads. From a table of
one hundred and twenty roads, not one-third of
them declared a last half-yearly dividend.
Exrorts.—The statement is made that the
exportation of specie, from the first of January to
the first of November, reached the sum of $53,270,-
614, while the exports of produce amounted to
$45,228,748, or only fifteen million more specie
than produce,
Scuooner Wreckep.—The schooner Charles S,
Peaslee, Capt. Baker, from Jacksonville for Phila-
delphia, was totally wrecked in a gale while at
sea, when all hands perished except one seaman,
At the commencement of the gale the vessel was
thrown on her beam ends, the sea sweeping over
her, filling the cabin and forecastle, drowning the
captain’s wife, who was below, ond dashing the
man from the wheel, The captain perished in an
effort to save his wife, and all the sailors excepting
one were washed overboard in attempting to cut
ayay the masts, The seaman who was saved was
named George Satterly, He was taken off the 2d
inst., lat 81° 18', lon. 77° 55°, by the bark Samuel
Shepherd, Capt. Hathaway, which arrived at Bos-
ton. The C. S. P, was 164 tuns burden, and
owned by Mr. Hgffman, of Philadelphia,
From Mexico axp Brownsville. — The India-
nola Courier of the 28th, says that an express from
the Sheriff of Mercer county, has arrived, and
reports Cortinas with 1,500 men and nine cannon
in full possession of the Rio Grande, from Browns-
yilleto Rima. His forces are scouring the country,
All communication west of the Neuces was cut off
with Corpus Christie. Capt. Tobin, with 100 men
from Corpus Christie, had been defeated, and it is
feared that he is cut off. The reports, however,
are conflicting, and probably exaggerated. The
latest reliable accounts from Brownsville, are
received by the New Orleans merchants, direct
from Brownsville to the 4th, when affairs were
unchanged,
New Line or Susmaniwe Canve.—Mr. Sam'l,
C. Bishop, of New York, has jast completed an
important length in our Cape Cod telegraph
facilities by laying a very substantiel submarine
telegraph cable of his own manofacture, from
Edgartown to Nantucket, a distance of from eight
toten miles, This new line will supply a want
much felt by the people of Nantucket. The new
line connects with the Boston and Cape Cod line
at Edwardstown,
FOREIGN NEWS.
Great Briraty.—It is asserted that England
will join the Congress, and that the French and
English Governments have agreed on ao basis for
the settlement of the Italian question,
The Great Eastern Jeft Holyhead on the 2d, and
reached Southampton on the4th, Sheexperienced
very rough weather and a heavy seaon the passing
round. The Times’ account of this third trial says
that when the ship was exposed to the roll of the
Atlantic, she rolled and dipped with ease. The
ship seemed to swing herself with a side-long gen-
tle motion over every wave, dropping deeply and
easily beyond them, The whole roll of the yessel
is calculated at only eight degrees each way, or
sixteen degrees in all, an every-day amount to
smaller yessels, though something for one which
was supposed to be almost immoyable by wind or
sea, The greatest speed attained was 1514 knots,
close on to 18 miles per hour. However, the run
from Helyhead to Southampton is pronounced far
more satisfactory than either of her previous trips,
The engines were under the sole control of Mr.
McLennan, Chief Engineer of the ship.
France.—The organization of the French army
for China is considered definitely settled, and the
preparations at the seaports for embarkation have
already commenced.
Cholera had broken out among the French
troops destined to invade Morocco, and carried off
several distinguished officers, including Colonel
Lafout, commanding the engineers. The ravages
exceeded fifty per day, and the total deaths were
1,500.
Irary.—It was vaguely reported that Garibaldi,
in his interview with the King of Sardinia, de-
clared that Italy was betrayed, and that he would
lead the revolution. The King protested against
such proceeding,
The Sardinian Plenipotentiaries have received
orders from Turin to sign the treaty of peace. It
is believed that the treaty will be signed to-
morrow, and the convocation to be held at Paris
will immediately follow.
The elections of members of the Municipality at
Florence and other places have terminated without
any result, almost all the electors haying abstained
from yoting. The National Assembly bas been
conyoked for Nov. 7th.
Avsrr1a.—The Vienna correspondent of the
Times says it is tolerably certain that the moment
in which the Austrian Government will have to
make concessions to Hungary, is not far distant.
Cowncerctat — Breadstuffs.—Market quiet, though
wheat and corn were slightly higher, Richardson,
Spence & Co. quote flour dail, with sales of new State
at 24s@%s 6d. The range of prices were 2286d@27s 6d.
Wheat steady, and inferior and heated descriptions
2@Ad better. Red 9s8d@9s6d ; white 9s@10s per cental.
Corn firm and advanced 6d@1s on the week. Yellow
B0s6d@8is6d; white 878 per quarter. Provisions.—
Market dull. Bigland, Athya & Co,, James MoHenry
& Co,, Richardson, Spence & Co., quote beef heavy, and
holders offering their old stock at a decline of 2s6d@5s.
Pork steady at 50s. Lard firm at 56s@60s for refining
extra,
Sennen
From the Pacific Side.
Tne Overland Mail arrived at St. Louis on the
17th inst., with California dates of the 25th ult.
The acconnts from Carson Valley and Walker
River Mines continue to excite great attention, A
stampede of Californians in that direction has
already commenced, and a promised emigration
equal to that of Fraser River, These mines are on
the east side of the Sierra Nevada, and are sup-
posed to extend from Honey Lake on the south
about 200 miles. Theprincipal discovery is called
Gold Hill. It is a mound 60 feet high, and 5,000
feet long, and 200 feet wide, and lies 20 miles
north of Carson Valley. It is traversed by veins
of quartz, a part of which when decomposed,
realized from $500 to $2,500 per tun.
Goy. Walker had appointed Judge H. T. Haron,
formerly of Ky., as United States Senator, to fill
the yacancy caused by the death of Mr. Brode-
rick. The new Senator was to leave for Washing-
ton on the steamer of Nov. 5th.
Colonel Lander, Superintendent of the Fort
Kearney and Honey Lake Wagon Road Expedi-
tion, had completed his work in season, and was
about to repair to Washington, haying in hand an
unexpended balance of $17,000. His stock, pur-
chased in Missouri last spring at $13 per head,
had been sold for the benefit of the Government,
at over $200 per head.
Business was more active at San Francisco, but
without improvement in prices.
The dates from the Sandwich Islands are to Oct.
3d. The prospects of business were poor, and the
community was troubled by reports from the
Atlantic States, relative to the cheapness of coal
oil, which it was thought would diminish the
demands for whale oil, and injure the whaling
business of Honolulu, Some of the sugar planta-
tions were paying moderately well, but the coffee
crop was an entire failure.
The British ship Achilles, Capt, Hart, which
arrived at Honolulu on the 27th of September,
reported that the American clipper ship Mastiff,
Capt. Johnson, from San Francisco to Hong Kong,
haying on board one hundred and eighty passen-
gers, of whom one hundred and seventy-five were
Chinese, was burned at sea on the 15th of Septem-
ber. The passengers, with the exception of one
Chinaman, who was smothered, were safely taken
off by the Achilles and conveyed to Honolulu,
Among the passengers were Richard H. Dana,
of Boston, 0, 0. Harris, George Clifford, and
I. H. C. Richmond. The Chinese are said to
have lost a large amount of treasure. The cargo,
consisting of about 500 tuns, was lost. The fire
ornate between decks from the Chinamen
allowing sparks to get among their combustible
articles, which soon had the whole ship in a blaze¥
The escape of passengers was owing to the intre-
pidity and coolness of Oapt. Johnson and bis
officers, and the fortunate appearance of the Achil-
les, The Mastiff was a Boston first class clipper,
valued at $90,000, and was insured for $80,000 in
_ Boston.
SS ee Ee ee a
The News Condenser,
“
See
— The population of Mobile is set down at 82,008,,
— Money Ss worth in San Francisco
cent. s from 24 to 80 per
—The mines at Frazer
“i
xe yt is anid, are doing
— Two men were euffocated in a corn bin at
last week, .
= Amicable
and Porsia,
Chicago
rolations are established between Turkey
— The Canadian Parliament is to meet at Queb,
December 7th, ee
— The wreck of the steamer
towed to New York,
— One hay speculator in Canada has purchased
22,000 tuns of tho article,
— A tree lately cut near Placerville, Cal., furnished
10,240 feet sawed lumber,
,
— During the week ending Noy. 7, the numbe;
deaths In New York was 361, aac
— Frederick Douglas sailed from Quebee, for Eug-
land, on Thursday, 17th inst,
— The aggregate value of the taxable Property in the
city of New York is $582,903,476,
— The American treaty with China bas been ratified
by the Chinese Commissioners,
—A census of Iowa just completed shows that the
State has a population of $33,549,
— A spring of salt water has been struck at East Sag-
inaw, Mich., at the depth of 500 feet.
— Vulcanized India rubber is found to be the best
material for the manufacture of flutes.
— Co), Fremont gave $500 towards the erection of
the Broderick Monument in California,
—Itis said that a Mr, Wells has sold a patent for a
new kind fish hook, in England, for $25,000.
— There is an immense amount of prairie on fite in
the Northern and Central parts of Illinois,
— The Philadelphia sheriffs advertisements fill 17
columns of one of the largest papers in that city.
— The taxable property in Texas this year is 9125,-
43,260, being an increase of thirty millions over lest
year.
New World has been
—Six murderers were arraigned on Monday week
in the Court of Oyer and Terminer in the city of New
York,
— Thomas A. Green, of New Bedford, gathered from
one tree, this season, 1,450 perfect pears, of excellent
flavor.
— There is talk in England of a World’s Industrial
Exhibition for 1860 or 1861, the Prince of Wales to be
President.
— Baron Liebeg says that the quantity of soap used
by a nation furnishes a pretty correct indication of its
civilization.
— The first hogshead of the new crop of tobacco
has been sold at Richmond for eight dollars per hun-
dred weight,
— It is sald that Dr. Hayes, who accompanied Kane
in his Arctic explorations, intends going again to the
North Seas,
— There is a mare near West Troy thirty-four years
and six months old. Rather an antiquated speeimen
of horse flesh.
— Mr. Rarey of Jate has been giving gratuitous exbi-
Dillons of horse taming to the carters, cab and omnibus
men of Glasgow.
— At the opening of the Court of Common Pleas In
Cleveland last week, there were 55 applicants on the
docket for divorce,
— An editor down South apologizes for delay In the
issue of his paper, as he had an extra “male” to attend
to during the week,
— M. Victor Menniet, a well known scientific writer,
informs the world that the next deluge will not take
place for 6,800 years,
— There are large plantations of pea-nuts in Califor-
nia, end the article will eventually be exported in con-
siderable quantities. “
— A correspondent of the West Randolph Statesman
says that gold has been found in the bed of White river,
in Bethel, Vermont.
— It is now reported that Senor Oviedo, whose mar-
riage has made such a talk, ig an of! merchant, and not
worth over $100,000.
— The exodus of slaves from the borders of Missouri
continues unabated. White labor is comingin and that
of negroes golng out,
—Avvein, supposed to be inexhaustible, of the real
old-fashioned Pittsburgh coal, has been discovered in
Van Buren Co., Iowa.
— The Chicago Prairie Farmer speaks of the increase
in the culture of Sorghum at the West. It has thus far
met with much success,
— Chicoge is cursed with obscene hand bills to such
an extent that an abatement of the nuisance is urged
{n some of the papers.
— Eli Thayer keeps at work at Ceredo his Virginia
free colony, Several New England families have lately
purchased homes there,
— An apple, grown this season by Thos. R. Patten,
of Vallejo township, Cal., weighed 82 ounces and was
16 inches in circumference,
— The New Orleans papers estimate the losses by fire
in that clty for this year to have been one million seven
hundred thousand dollars,
— The American Ambassador, in his Chinese box—
Solus:—I go to Pekin tosee the Chinese; the Chinese
come to peek in to see mo!” :
— At the late railroad accident at Albany the locomo-
tive ran through a brick house and carried away the
gable end of a frame building,
— A London writer shows that the report that Joho
Bunyan did not write the Pilgrim’s Progress, is wholly
without foundation, and untrue,
—A firm in Bangor purchased five tuns of spruce
gum, and estimate their sales of the prepared article
will this year reach 20,000 boxes;
— Aman in Kalamazoo is training an elk to trot. The
elk has already trotted against a horse for a purse of
$700, winning by a long distance.
—The silyer mines of Arizona are again advertised
as very promising. Lt. Mowry bas brought away with
him 46 pounds fn various consitions.
— A letter from Baltimore states that the dead body
of one of Old Brown's sons was carried off by the Vir-
ginla medical students for dissection. rats
_ Ambargh’s elephants escaped Priday
Peete Keane a Williamsburg, and went into
the street, emashing things Come ae
= r of hoop #kirts made in Danby since
eet aes bo 950,000, consurning at least 9,100,~
000 yards of tape and 445 tuns of steel, es
letter-writer says Kossuth has yet tho
ReaenreTe purchased in this country, The
great Magyar ought to set up a gun shop,
Markets, Commerce, Le.
Froun remains at lsat quotations.
4 cents @ bi
the advance of the week being equal
has lost 6@3 cents
Ponx ls coming in pretty
exceeding 96,75 ® cwt The decline all round is aby
cents on the 100 pounds.
is lite (comparatively speaking, next Thursday
‘the latest moment.
observable. Eggs are up to 17@18 cents # dozen,
sold in this market during the past week was brow
miles and upwards.
Por all other matters see following table:
Rochester Wholesale Prices.
Flour anp Gra
Apples, bushel,
Oats, by welght.--
Barley .
Shoulders.
Ohickens.
Butter, roll
Butter, firki
od soeculative demand.
Ge ps for extra do; #4.
super
hio—cloxing buoyant.
#5.15@6,20 for common to choice extra
Gnain—Wheat 1@2c better, with limited export a1
fair soeculative demand: sales at $1,30 for red State;
for Racine; $1,18@1,20 for Milwaukee club. Rye
and active; sales at 88c.
gales at 78@80c for Cannda East; 77@80c for State.
declining; sales at 80@85c for new yellow, 98@99¢ for
do, Oats better and active at 46@47}4c for State, We:
and Canadian.
@15,40 for mess, 210.75 for prime.
Tio. Lard dull and heavy; sales at 104@10Kc,
rules steady at $@1lc,
BUFFALO, Noy. 91.—Frour—Market
ed. Demand principally confined to ordinary grades,
at @4 for fine; #4,60
Ohio; 25,60@6 for double extras.
WiesT—Is in fair request, but
market, therefore, rules quiet,
day evening nt 990,
and bagged Oanada club at €1,02. Corn in
TORONTO, Noy. 19,—Fiorn—The transactions in
uncertain demand, Prices have been well sustained,
tendency of the New Yor!
rades for Boston and the New England States. The
fine No, 1, #4,60@4,
@5; cornmeal, 93,75; #4.
Gnraty—The deliveries of fall wheat during the
bas not been above the average quality. ‘The market
to-day was not very animated, and steady at 31,
1,21 for prime lots, but since then an advance has
established, and #1,20 to $1,27 has been the range for
prime and extra prime samples, and 1,16 to 81,20 for
mon and ordinary grades,
may be attributed to the desire to complete cargoes
part aboard, so that they may be got through to thei
fn Iimited demand at
activity, and 95 to 97o is realized freely for
and 81 for extra lots of Golden Drop,
current now. Rye is in steady distillery demand,
small deliveries. Prices are steady at 600 ® bushel.
rates.—Globe,
The Cattle Markets,
NEW YORK, Nov. 16.—The current prices for the
at all the markets are as follows:
£9,00@10,00 ;
Brrr Oarrie—First quality, @ cwt.,
nary do, $8,00@8,75; common do, 96,00@7
94,60005,60,
7 common
lo, #3,00@4,00;,
ordinary do, #4,
shovanog: MoO
provementin rates. The average qualit
day Is considerably atiead of that last weel
bering th!s fact. It ‘ean
been obtained for the beef.
Last
4
Deeves, and 665. stor i
SERN Ta aan ed pomaistiog of working oxen,
ac eG MarKeh Leet Extra,
75@7,00; second quallt fi
ordinary, 83,00, eA
025, 457, 42@67; yearil
three years old, 22@.25.
Li
@1,60 each. Extra, $2. 82,956 175,
Hies—6@70 WM TALLOW—T@TKe BD.
Paurs—s7e@l,25 each. OALe SEIS—“10120 0 n,
‘7000. sheep
Bente 10@18¢ Pp.
25: extra, 8.2.75.
lesale, 6¢; retall, 6@7.
RAL. Youken O7rice, | ?
Boma Meester, Nov. 2 1380.5
Gaswx—Very cholce White Wheat is moving up alittle—
Corn drooping, Barley down about 2 cents; Dackwheat
and we bear of no sales
Poourny—We leave our quotations unchanged. There Is
‘Thanksglving,) In market; the extreme mildness of the
weather compelling the farmers to put off dressing untll
Borrgn—Considerable quantities of butter have found
their way to market daring the past week, and a decline is
Hay is unchanged In rates, There ls on salethis morning
several loads that have been drawn from Marray, Orleans
county, about 20 miles distant. Mr. Rocxns, the welgh-
master, informs us that a considerable quantity of that
i "a. 41; Apples, dried... 81,00@
Date xtra Peaches, dried, % i
Rye, 6 hs. Wa Cherries, dried, # .,i6@
186
31@37 40
4,50
25@.4.50
Coal, Char. 0@ 12%
Salt, bbl.
jh, 00K 9,
Codfish,# quintal. ¢4,60@5,25
Trout, bbl...,..,.#3,00@3,50
NEW YORK, Novy, 21.—PLoor—Market for flour Se bi
ith Sales at 4,90@4,9:
featern ; 5.1 30 for common to good extra do; $5,30@
6.50 for Inferior to good shipping brands extra round hoop
ol Canadian a shade better; sales at
firmer
Barley scarce and quite firm;
PaovrsioN3—Pork market a shade better: sales at 15,25
Dressed hogs quiet’ at
Butter
dal and heavy at 11}@180 Ohio, 14@2lc State, Oheese
niet and unchang-
for superfine; 84,75 for extra State;
91,90 for extra Canadian; 95,25@5,40 for extra Indiana and
artles are apart, and the
jales Chicago spring Satur-
This morning Waukegan spring at $1,
fair demand
ers belng pretty generally firm, in view of the advancing
York market, although the influence
of any movement in that market is more imaginary than
real, as the purchases made here are mainly on Lower
Oanada account, with an occasional sale of the higher
mar-
‘The cause of this improvement
ination ot as early a date as possible, and that they may be
pushed forward prior to the close of navigation. There are
also orders on the market for prime lots for the Eastern
States at high rates, Benne Wheat up to Tuesday was only
90 to 950, but since then there is more
‘ood and prime,
D arley 1s not so
brisk, and prices are a trifle easier, 65 to 67c being the rates
are slightly in better request, with still limited deliveries,
The market is steady at52 to 65c ® bushel. Oats, alth
in more liberal supply, are fm active request, and prices
have gone back to their old level of 38 to 40c ® bushel.
Any increased receipts would however affect the market,
and any considerable quantity could not be placed atthese
inferior do,
Cows ax Oayes—First quality, $50,00@65,00: ordinary
do, $40,00@50,00; common do, es), ink
Biota in = ae 00G10,00; inferior do,
HAL OALVS—First quality, ¥B,, 6@6}c: ordi :
BQsyor common do, 4@5e; Inferior do, ere nays
WEED AND LaMns—P,
‘ime quality, # head, 1073028005
ferlor,
‘Swink—Pirat quality, 5@5}0; other qualities, 4 @5c.
ALBANY, Noy. 31.—Oarrur—Although there 1s a falling
off In the receipts, we cannot quote wholesale prices any
better than Jastweek, Holders are asking more, and are
pretty atifl, but what sales have been made show no im-
ity In the yards to-
; and *~
Hot be aald that higher flgures have
grades, which have
This week, week.
yashel.
yout 25
being
ht 40
1,12)
lke
ind a
91,16
Corn
ir old
stern
Sales
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
The Pork Trade.
To: ©. W.—The Globe says that pork does not come
fn so freely as expected, and the demand 1s very active,
principally for curing, good hogs being from 85,25 to #5,50,
and ony $5. The carrent rate for the average quality
Rs, ‘.
Kesrvcxr.—The Loulsville Courier says that the market
Js getting somewhat better, we were not many left over
from last week, and but a few in market at present The
prices ranged last week from #4,50 to #3 for well corn-fatted;
second rate were sold at #4@4,2> @ 100 @s. eros.
ity has
supplied with dressed hogs, but the few that are coming
forward are mostly of very fair quality. Packers were in
the market before the present cold weather set in, and of
course the demand may now be considered active, Preps-
rations are making for a much larger business atany
forme Season. the opening rates for the season are as
follows:
Lots averaging 290 to 250 Ds...
Lots averaging 200 (if of good quality)
Packing hogs below 200. .
c} 550
00@5 50
60@5 00
margin of 874c between the two cities would be amply
sufficient to Taduce importations, and prices would necessa-
be equalized.
Om10.—Since our last, remarks the Cincinnati Gazette of
the 17th inst., the season has fully opened, and a brisk busi-
ness has been done. Friday, 1ith, about 7,00) head were
slaughtered; Saturday was a bad day, but the weather
changed suddenly Saturday night, and Sunday all on the
market were taken at 95,75, and Monday 26 was paid, but
yesterday the market became doll, and holders were anx-
lous to take $5,75, with few buyers at this rate.
Iuurors—Provisions are very {nactive, but packers in
the city are at work to some extent, and as there are some
orders in the market, the trade may be expected to become
more lively before lone.—Chicago Demoorat.
The Wool Markets.
LiveRpoot Woot SAtes.—We have recelved the Olrcular
(ated 21st Oct.) of Apzaw GaxtsIpz, Wool Broker, Liver-
pool, England, with the following statistics in reference to
the sale, which commenced Oct. 19th:—Our stock had a
total of 18,115 bales, consisting of Bast India, Australian,
Buenos Ayres and Entre Rios, English, Peru, Ohili and
Lima, Portugal, Russian, Iceland, Turkey, Egyptian, Alpaca
andsundries. Up to the present date the quantity which
has passed the hammer $s 9,450 bales. The attendance of
'| buyers is very large, belng particularly so at the first day’s
sale (which was composed of Australian and fine Entre
Rios,) consequently the competition was spirited, at 4d to
1d ®m, on the late London sales. The Australian consisted
of Port Philip and Sydney kinds, forming a nice assortment
of clothing and combing qualities, which realized from 1s
10d to 2s24®#D, This desoription of wool has hitherto been
confined to the London market, but the sale being so satis-
factory to all parties, we may naturally look forward to the
ménopoly being pretty nearly at anend. The ruling prices
have been, for Port Philip and Sydney—clothing qualities
18 10d to 2s 20, Locks and Pieces 1s 8d to 1s 7d; East India
2d te 164d; Buenos Ayres 6d to 18d, principally low quall-
ties; some fine Entre Ries 17d to 2s; Egyptian 10d to 16d.
West Coast—Peruvian fleece 12d to 16d, Lima 11d to 13344,
Ohilian 5d to 7d. Portugal—Lisbon and Oporto greasy
5d to 7d, Oporto washed 10d to 144d. Russlan—white
fleece 8d to 9d, gray 6d to 74d. Iceland—white 11d to 18d,
gray 9d to 10d. From the large consumption at home and
abroad, Ido not see any prospects of a decline in prices.
The London sales are expected to commence on the 12th
November, which will consist of 40,000 bales Colonial.
NEW YORK, Nov. 17.—The market for all descriptions |s
extremely quiet, owing to the high prices asked and the
diy of desirable qualities :
flour
at this point continue small, owing to limited offerings and
hold-
week
have not amounted to over 10,000 bushels, a sample of which
up to
418 to
been
good,
com-
8 now
ir des.
with
Peas
ough
week
ordl-
African, unwashed.
African, washed..
Smyrna, unwashed.
Smyrna, washed...
Mexican, unwashed .
BOSTON, Nov. 17.—The market 1s firm for wool, and the
sales have been large, comprising 800,000 ms, fleece and
ulled at full prices. The principal sales were from 52%@
Wm, The demand for foreign wool has been active,
and desirable kinds are firm, The sales have been 1300
bales Cape, South American’ and Mediterranean at full
prices, as to quality.
Saxon & Merino, fine. .58@70 | Western mixed.
i i Smyrna, washed
Do, unwashed.
Ftexce—Common native, 30@34c; quarter blood, 33@25:
Pal: Piao dy Bo@sTe; three quarter’ blood, Ba tke rae
TLLED—No, 1, 20095: rt 5; ,
double extra BERS Demovrane oes Cxtrey B5@AN
Marriages.
In Junius, Noy. 9th, by Rev. W. H. Meare, Mr, JAMES
DEPUY, of Owasco, and Miss MARY ABEL, of Junius.
Aso, by the same, Noy. 20th, Mr. LORENZO BROWNELL
Miss LOUISA MARIA WELLS, both of Junius,
; Deaths.
Is Ontario, Wayne Co., on the 17th inst., of consumption,
ISABELLA COLLINS, wife of NkLsoN COLLINS, and eldest
EE of Rosexr and Avena H. Brarrawaire, aged 21
Advertisements.
‘Terms of Advertising—Twenty-Five Cents a line, each
insertion, A price and a half for extra dis lay, or a7 cts,
pes iine of space, Spxctat Notices — following reading mat-
r, leaded — Fifty Cents a Line, each insertion, is ADVANCE.
€2~ The circulation of the Ronay New-YorkeER fur exceeds
that of any almilar journal in America or Europe, rendering
it altogether the best Advertising Medium of its ol
CAMBRIDGE, Nov. 16—At market 1285 cattle, about 700
cows,
500,00; first quality,
+ third quallty, #4,00;
Srones—Working oxen, #75. #115@175; cows and calres
Ings #9@11; two Feurs old, #15@21;
SIEKE xp Launs—T560 at market. Prices, in lots, #1,00
BRIGHTON, Nov. 17-—At market 1500 beeves, 00 stores,
. Fat
PPLE SEEDS,—150 bushels Fresh Apple Seeds f
ney oD PAUNESTOGE © BUNS Ie ON
000 29. XBAns OLD APPLE sTocRS
i. for sale, No. 1. at 3,50 1,000,
S163t __"'P. BOWEN, Bast Aurora: Erie Oo., N.Y.
BrOwNS BRONCHIAL TROCHES,
OR, COUGH LOZENGES,
Qure Cough, Cold, Hoarseness and I
Oure any Irritation or Soreness of the Whoa
Brown's Bronchial Troches
Relleve the Hacking Cough in © tion,
Relieve Bronchitis, ‘Asthma and Catarrh.
Brown’s Bronchial Troches
Ls) id give strength to the voice of Sixt
RAE ARENTS pth git of Brom.
Brown's Bronchial Troches.
A simple and elegant combination for Covans, &c."
Dr, G. P. BisELow, Boston,
= ely serviceable Bit i
Mave proved estrone rete Sore
“TL ir use fo PoBLic SPEAKERS.”
ae al Ror, EL H. Osarrs, New York.
“ Most salutary relief in BuoxcHms.”
Fas (OMOPY TET, 8, SEIGFMIED, Morristown, Ohio,
en Ruwhi to speak, rin
cata tes asa eek ef
weeness and Irritation of
so affectuat in removing
the Throat, so ”
Prot, eemon with Speakers and SINGERS,
ACY Jouxsos, LaGrange, Gx,
« Preat hen tenthet of Musi Sonthern Female College.
jenesit taken preachi
as they prevent Wen Defers lan eee pes T
¢ foarseness. From th
think they will be of permanent advantage to Me.
Rey, E Rowney, A, MM.
“ ident Athens College, Tenn.
Sold byall Drugzists, at 25 cents per box.
=
Oherry Pils, at 45 per busuel.
Wholesale and fe
BE PHEOYPUrE’S mraTG:
SANFORD’S PATENT,
A Pinu Mrct, portable, simple. compact, and made on
an entirely new principle, with nlates having a reciproca-
ting and oscillating, instead of a rotary motion, with all
the power applied within one iach of the centre of the
‘aft, and one that has been fally tested and improved by
two years’ experience, is now offered to the pnblic.
Itisthe PREMIUM MILL for the People, and obtained
the SILVER MEDAL at the Inte Exhibition at the Ameri-
can Institute in the city of New York.
‘Tne Psorie’s Mie is the cheapest mill ever offered to the
jablic.
Tue Peorts's Maxx Lethe simplest mill ever made,
‘Tue Peorie’s Mint Js the most durable in use,
‘Tue Peorie's Mitt has the most grinding surface of any
portable mill.
‘Tue Peorre’s Mitt requires less powerthan any other mill.
Tue Peore’s Mitt requires less speed than any other mill
Tre Peorxe’s Mit is adapted to any kind of power.
‘Tue Peop.e’s Mit is not a rotary mill.
Tuk Peorie’s Miu obviates all the objections to the cast
‘on rotary mills,
Tie Peorue's Mrrx will grind all kinds of grain, coarse or
fine, for feed. ©
‘Tue Peopte's Mitx will grind plaster, bones, salt, char-
coal, fec., £c. bs
‘Tor Prorte’s Mitt largest size, requires only about two
horse-power.
‘Tae Peor.e’s Miu requires only abont 200 revolutions per
minute,
Tue PEoPLe’s MILL will grind from 150 to 200 bushels of
grain in 34 boars,
Tse Peorie’s MILL may be renewed at the cost of the plates
The Plates are made of hard iron, dressed or grooved on
both sides, and the reciprocating motion civen to them,
Keeps the grooves sharp, There ls no Uolt to It, which, we
think, isa humbug on portable mills. ‘The common sleve
is sufficient for all ordinary famlly purnoses, ‘Three sizes—
No. 1, ahandmill—one man can erind a bushel in 20 min-
utes—price $20,00. No. 2, 830,00. No. 3, #10.00. Rights for
sale and Agents wanted. ‘Liberal discounts to dealers,
General Depot in the olty of New York, No. 19 Spruce st.
Address R, L. HOWARD, Manufacturer,
Buifalo, N.Y.
INOS READY-—Single Coples sent by mall, post-paid,
for Twenty-five cents—Oxe Doze Corres, post-paid, for
‘Two Doliars, Agents wanted. a
THE ILLUSTRATED
ANNUAL REGISTER OF RURAL AFFAIRS,
FOR 1860.
Tae Sixtm Nowwen of this work is now ready, and pre-
sents features of no less attractiveness and value than its
predecessors, The following abstract of its contents, to-
ether with the fact that they are ILusraareD by no less
than ONE HUNDRED AND SkVENTY-ricHT ENoRAVING®, will
afford better evidence of this than anything the Publishers
can say. S
I. ORNAMENTAL PLANTING—Tminry-S1x ESonAvINoS,
. COUNTRY DWELLINGS—Twenty-rive ENGRAVINGS—
(2 Eionr Onrorvat Desions,
* This isa Ohapter which will prove serviceable, espe-
clally to those who wish suggestions as to neat aud inex.
pensive structures for practical purposes, which with some
taste and considerable extent of accommodations, combine
great convenience of interior arrangement,
TIL HEDGES—Tmerren ExGRAvixas,
IV, FENOES AND FENOE MAKING—Frrrzzy ENGRAYINGS.
V. FARM GATES—FIrTEEN ENGRAVINGS,
Vi. BARNS AND STABLES—Twesry-vive Exonavinos.
Vii. IMPLEMENTS OF TILLAGE—Twextv-oxe EXcna-
yoxas.
VII. OTHER NEW IMPLEMENTS—Srx ENGRAVINGS,
TX. FRUITS AND FRUIT CULTURE—Srven ENGRAVINGS,
X, SUPPLEMENTARY LIST OF NURSERIES,
XL RURAL MISOELLANY—TWetye ENGRAVINGS.
This, Preceded. by the usual Calendar pages and Aatro-
nomical Calculations, forms a book which Is certainly cheap
at its retail price, while the Publishers, in order to promote
its extensive circulation, are prepared to offer the most
liberal terms for its introduction in quantities, either to
Agents, Agricultural Societies, Nurserymen, Dealers in Im-
plements and Seeds, or any others who take an interest in
the dissemination of useful reading, and in the promotion
of Rural Improvement,
Address all orders or inquiries to
LUTHER TUCKER «& SON,
Albany, N. Y.,
Who also publish
THE COUNTRY GENTLEMAN—A Weekly Journal for the
Farm, the Garden, and the Fireside—Two DoLiars 4
Year, and
THE OULTIVATOR—Monthly—Pisry Cxxts A YEAR,
Saupre Copies:
Of these journals sent free to all Applicants,
“7T IS NOT A LUXURY, BUT A NECESSITY.”
FOR THIRTY YEARS THE STANDARD.
isco.
The unanimous voice of the Ladies of America and
the public press throughout the United States
have pronounced
GOoD2zy’s LBADYS BOOxX
“not a luxury, but a necessity,” in every well-regu-
_ lated household.
Sixtieth and Sixty-first Volumes,
And the Thirtieth Year of its Publication by the same
Pablisher.
516-2
WILL CONTAIN
1200 Pages of Reading Matter, 24 Pages of Music, 12 Colored
Steel Plates, containing at least 60 figures, 14 Steel En-
gravings, 720 Wood Engrayings, 780 Articles by the best
ERKSHIRE PIGS !—0f pure breed price.
B pastes in Albany or New York free of helene’
51536 WAL J. PETBE, Lakeville, Gonn_
JOR _SALE—20 choice Saxony Backs, of Aliferent
styles and crosses, some of them bred is the subscriber
from pure imported stock JOHN R WARD. —
Fails Village, Litchfield Co,, Conn., Nov. 2d, "59. S153t_
os SALE OR TO RENT—0n very fayorable
terms. an Agricaltaral Foundry and, Machine Shop. In
i
good working order, having a well estabiished business and
requiring a moderate capital Address
BJ, BURRALL or H, 0, SCHE
515-tt Geneva, N.Y.
WHEELER & WILSON MANUFAC'G CO's
IMPROVED
FAMILY SEWING MACHINES,
505 Broadway, New York.
These Machines combine all the late Improvements f
Hemming, Siehing and Malling Seams wad ges we
best In use for FAMILY SewiNG and tailoring work,
Prices from #50 to $150. Hemmers % ex!
8, W. DIBBLE, Agent,
SI5-tf Nos, Sand 10 Smith's Arcade, Rochester, N. ¥.
(CHOICE Sv0CK FOR SALE.—One Deron Tull, 3
Heiter es old, Sort en $70; 16.
#00 9'Bull Oalves 440 and.
Authors of America. And all these will be given In 1860,
at prices for which see
Our Extremely Low Club Rates.
TIE OLDEST, ME BEST & THE CHEAPEST MAGAZINE,
Usefal, Ornamental and Instructive,
THE ONLY LADY'S BOOK IN AMERICA,
THE LITERATURE
in the Lady's Book Is by the first writers in the country,
and the stories are always
MORAL AND INSTRUCTIVE,
‘The following is a list of some of the articles in the Book:
‘A SPLENDID STREL ENGRAVING.
A SPLENDID COLORED FASHION-PLATE, con-
taining at least four figures,
Dress.—How to Adornithe Person,
Blunders in Behavior Oorrected,
‘A Whisper to a Newly Married Palr. From a Widowed
Wife.
The Crochet Flower Book.
The Art of Knitting Imitations of Natural Flowers,
The Art of Knitting Imitations of Natural Berries and
Fruit,
‘dening for Ladies,
ifaste Department—two pages of new music each
qn Mealth Department, conducted by Dr. Wilson, of
tumbus, Georgia.
Columbus Kat an be made for Presents or Fancy Falrs,
NOVELTIES.
We have agents in France, England, and Germany, that
forward us every novelty that appears in those countries,
that fs In any way sultable for Godey.
The Art of Ornamental Hair-Work.
We have also articles upon "The Kitchen," "The Laun-
dry,’ Confectionery.” “The Nursery,” ete,, etc,
Drawing in all its Varlety.
Dads: Batteriu—Tnfants’ ad children’s dresses, with
descriptions how to make them,
GODEY’S INVALUABLE RECEIPTS
UPON EVERY SUBJECT,
indispensable to every family, worth more than the whole
cost of the Book, and a great saving of expense to all those
a he Book.
Fee en ooo mbers for 1850 will Be found the newest
esigns for A
Window Curtains, Broderte Anglaise, Slippers, Bon-
nets, Caps, Cloaks, Evening-Dresser, Faney Articles,
Treaddrasses, Hair-Dressing, Rover de Chambre, Car-
plage Dresses, Brides’ Dresies, Wreaths, MantiNas,
Watking-Dresses, Riding Habits, Morning- Dresses,
Chemiscltes, Collars, Undersleeves, Embroidery Pat.
_ ferns, Patelacork, and Crochet and Netting Work,
DERMS, CASH IN ADVANCE.
One copy one year, 83. Two coples one year, 95, Three
coples one year, #6.
Five copies ‘one year, and an extra copy to the person send-
m
SlG4teow | S1é1t
~
aking six coples, $10.
Ee eae Fan extra copy to the person
sending the clab, making nine coples, $15.
Hleven copies one year, and an extra copy to the person
sending the club, making twelve cop! .
‘And the ony magazine that can be Introduced Into any
of the above clubs is Arthur's Home Magazine. One or
more of that work can be included In a club in the place of
the Lady's Book, if preferred.
SPECIAL CLUBBING WITH OTHER MAGAZINES,
Godey's Lady’s Book and Arthur's Home Magazine both
one year for 93.50. 5
Godey's Lady's Book and Harper's Magazine both one year
ote Lady's Book, Harpers Magazine, and Arthur's
Home Magazine one year, .
t banks taken at par,
oy nae ‘will be sent direct to any person
making the request.
ibscribers in the British Provinces, who send for clubs,
Tae Sea oxy on every subscriber, to pay the
A ostare to the
erionn postare to ihe postage on your letter,
Address L, A. GODEY,
$23 Chestnut street, Philadelphia, Pa.
and pen of 5 yearling Ei ine wool) that [
Pair, ‘Albany $00 1 Buffolk
A credit will be given on part of purchase re Af di
sired. A liberal deduction for all down, Por further in.
formation address 3
Noy, 13, 1559. [515-2] __Eilisburzh, Jeif. Co., N. Y.
—
PAIRELELD SEMINARY —This is one of the oldest |
and hest established Institutions in the State, For five
years under the present Faculty, its patronage has been unl.
form andextensive, Its Faculty consists of twelve thorough
and experienced Teachers, four of whom are College Gradu-
ates. ‘The Principal and Preceptress, and nearly the whale
Faculty, board in the Hail with the students, ‘The Build-
ings are large, partly new and in most excellent condition—
rooms ample and furnished with closets. For the Ladies
there is an excellent and well furnished Bath Room an.
Gymnasium, Diplomas are awarded to graduates, and if
possible, positions to teach secured. Special pains are taken
With those preparing or College. stra advantagcs nlforded
in Music, Oil Painting and other Ornamentals, The Instl-
tution has a well established
MMEROIAL DEPARTMENT,
which, with commodious and well furnished rooms, thorough
Professors and able Lecturers, furnishes advantages equal to
those of the best Commercial Colleges,
Board, Washing and furnished room per term of 14 weeks,
$97 50. ‘Tuition from #4 to 85, Winter Term begins Deceta-
berth. For Catalogue, or to engage rooms, address the
Principal, (515-2) J.B. VAN PEDTEN,.
U besser NEW-YORK TRIBUNE
is printed on a large imperial sheet, and published every
morning aud evening (Sundays excepted.) It contains
Kdjtorlals on the topics of the times. emp! exit a large
perp of the best newspaper writers of the day; Domestic
and Foreign Correspondence; Proceedings of Oongress;
Reports of Lectures; Oity News; Onttle, Horse and Pro-
dace Markets; Reviews of Books; Literary Intelligence;
Papers on Mechanics and the Arts, &c,, &c, We strive ta
make THE TRIBUNE a newspaper to meet the wants of
the public—its Telegraphic news alone costing over $15,000
per annum.
TERMS:
THE DAILY TRIBUNE 1s mailed to subscribers at #5
per annum, in advance; #3 for six months.
THE NEW-YORK SEMI-WEEKLY TRIBUNE
is published every Tuespay and Frmay, and contains all
the Editorials of the Daily, with the Oattle, Horse and Gen,
eral Markets, reliably reported expressly for THE TRIB-
UNE; Foreign and Domestic Correspondence; and during
the sessions of Congress it contains a summary of Congres-
sional doings, with the more important aera We
shall, as heretofore, make THE SEMI-WEEKLY TRIBUNE,
@ Literary, as well as a political newspaper, and we are
determined that it shall rematn in the front rank of family
papers,
One Copy, one year.......¢3| Five Ooples, one year,.811 25
‘Two Copies, one year...., 6| Ten do. (0 one address. 20 00
iten Goples, or aver, to address of each subscriber,
ench,
Any verson sending usa club of twenty, or over, will be
entitled to an extra copy. For aclub of fifty, we will send
the Daily Tribune one year.
THE SEMEWEERLY TRIBUNE is sent to Olergymen at
$2per annum, ©
THE NEW-YORK WEEKLY TRIBUNE,
alarge elgbt-page paper for the country, 1s published every
Saturday, and contains Editorials on the important topics
of the times, the news of the week, interesting correapond-
ence from all parts of the world, the New York Cattle,
Horse, and Produce Marketa, Interesting and reliable Po-
Itieal; Mechanical and Agricultural articles, &c., &c.
We hall, during this year, as hitherto, constantly labor
to improve the quality of the instructive entertainment
afforded by THE WEPKLY TRIBUNE, which, we intend,
shall cantinue to be the best Family Weekly Newspaper
published in the World. We conslder the Oattle Market
Reports alone richly worth to cattle raisers a year's sub-
scription price,
: TERMS:
One Copy, one year .......92| Five Coples, one year.
Three Copies, one year 6} Ten Copies, one year
Twenty Copies, 40 one
find any larger number. @1 en i
Twenty Copies, to address of each subscriber.
and any larger number at #1,20 each.
‘Avy person sending us a club of Twenty, or more, will
be entitled to an extra copy, For a club of fifty, we will
send the Sem{-Weekly Tribune; and for a club of one hun-
dred the Daily Tribune will be sent gratis, We continue to
send Tue WeexLy TripoNe to Clergymen for $1,
Subscriptions may commence atany time, ‘Térms always
cash in advance, All letters to be addressed to
HORAGE GREELEY & CO,, Tribune Buildings,
15-2 Nassau street, New York.
TP HOROUGH BRED STOCK FOR SALE.—The
Subserlbers offer for sale a few pair of very fine im-
roved Suffolk Pigs from J, Stioknsy’s stock, Boston; a
Tew pair of Easex Pigs, and a few South-Down Rams from
the stock of Samost ‘lsoane, of Dutchess Co., and 4,few
Silesian Rams from Wa. OmApervain's stock. Also, a
very fine Alderney Bull. All of the aboye is direct from
imported stock, or ita immediate descendants, address
bleu i. & M. 0. MORDOPF, Rochester, N. Y.
Reever —) would respectfully announce to my
friends and patrons, that I have removed my office
from Gaffney Block (cor, of North St, Paul and Main sts,) to
NO. 7 MANSION HOUSE BLOCK,
(Over No. 64 State Street.)
My new rooms will be open on and after Monday next.
After a constant practice of 20 years, a large acqualotance
with the best Dentists In the Union, and with extensive
conveniences for doing all kinds of work required in den-
tistry, I am prepared to perform all operations In the most
approved styles, and at prices that will please all.
jochester, Nov. 4. {514-tf] E. F. WILSON, Dentlat.
INiP St2= TO TEACHERS.
The attention of Teachers and Educators’is invited to
Robinson's Complete Series of Mathematics, embracing a
full course for Oommon Schools, Academies and Colleges.
Robinson's Series of
PROGRESSIVE ARITHMETICS,
and his
WEwy ELEMENTARY ALGEBRA,
ana UNIVERSITY ALGEDRA,
revised, are the most practical and most popular achool
books of the kind ever yet published. Many new methods
and practical operations are embraced In. them, which are
not found in other works of the same grade.
The above books, and also Saxpen’s New Senres or
Readers, SaNDuR'S ANALYSIS OF Worns, WeULs' NATURAL
Paitosorny and Cresistny, may be obtained by teachers,
in single copies for examination, at Uf price, and for
First Introduction, at very liberal discounts from wholesale
prices, by addressing the Paplishers! General Agent,
|H, Rochester, N. ¥.,
Slate at Apams & DAasyey's Bookstore.
5000 AGENTS WANTED To ell new inven:
ions, Agents have made over. 825,000 on one.
better than all other similar agencies. Send four stamps
and get $0 pages particulars, eratis,
BIOLst EPHRAIM BROWN, Lowell, Mass,
“QHAWMUT MILLS” ROCHESTER — We con-
SS tinueto do CUSTOM GRINDING at the lowest rates
and haying improved the machinery of our mill for thal
purpose, we pledge ourselyes to give full satisfaction to all
customers.
We have for sale at all times, wholesale and retail, the
best and most reliable brands of Flour, Also, Corn, Steal,
Rye Flour Mill Peed and Screenings at the lowest prices,
und we solicit the attention of the farming community,
5 M. WHITNEY & Co.
t JAS
Brown's Race, Rochester, Sept. 25,
XICO_ ACADEMY, MEXICO, OSWEGO
CO,, N. ¥.—The Winter Term of this long-established
Institution opens December bth. Its thoroughness and
d__ Por particalars address
Populartty continue undimioishet eLK oA, Principal.
> FOR $150.
WARRANTED GOOD IN EVERY RESPECT,
MADE BY
BOARDMAN, GRAY & Co.,
Albany, N. ¥-
‘Tum Subscribers baying been induced, after repeated
gupleaton. to make a BEANO a 8, Lom vile. ko niece the
want ‘Dow deprived 0! e luxury, have perfect
such an instrument, suitable for
é SMALL PARLORS, SITTING ROOMS, &c,
Finished in Rosewood, a Beautiful Piano,
ONE .AND FIFTY DOLLARS,
Th
ourlatelinprovemenuegip WARRANTED, and have all
Ginguiore, Furntihed on 2 giving Full
Particulars,
They also
HANDSOMELY FI:
Adapted for School
ONE HUNDRED AND Tw DOLLARS!
(SEND FOR OIRt
a
Our Regular Styles of LARGE PLAN
eerste ee ag ae
1 aod
Improvements, at from $300 Patil acco}
Finish. Large Discounts made to Oash Buyers,
ILLUSTRATED PRICE LISTS AND OIRGULARS FUR-
NISHED ON APPLIOATION. oa .
All our Piano-Fortes have our Great Improvement,
THE INSULATED IRON RIM,
Making them the Best and Most Durable in the World,
(- SEND FOR CIRCULARS, 8
Perfect Satisfaction Guaranteed, or Money Refunded.
BOARDMAN, GRAY « CO.,
ALBANY, N, Y.
GANDORN’S EASY FEED CUTTER
THE BEST IN USE.
Trg advantages are as follows: .
1, Itis suitable for cutting Sracks, Hay, or StRAw.
3. It will cut any length you require,
8, Itis cheap and durable,
4, It 1s warranted to do more work, with less power, than
any machine in use.
Manufactured and sold by
RTON and MoRINDLEY & PHELPS,
51L-6t No. $ Buffalo street, Rochester, N, ¥,
ASHINGTON MEDALLION PEN.
85381 1s the drawn number of the Patron's Ticket for
the Orst series of 108,000 gross. $1,000 will be pald to
the holder of that ticket on presentation at the olfice of the
Company, 63 Cedar Street, New York.
‘The Second Serles is now being issued. The Pens are
now all EXTRA-Fine Porsts, and more perfectly made in
éyery respect than ever before, and are put up in new and
expensive boxes.
A sample Pen sent on rerelny of two 8 cent P. O, stamps.
dares My 10,
bILtt Box 3,135 P.O, New York,
Werte PrP.
THE CHEAPEST & MOST DURABLE IN USE.
We have been unable during the past three months te
supply the demand for this Pipe, but have recently made
arrangements for the manufacture on a more extended
scale, Keck hope hereafter to be able to fill all orders
romptly:
Prphls Pipe lsmade of Pine Timber, in sections eleht fect
long, Itis ensily laid down, not liable to get out of order,
auf properly iid is the most durable of any Kind of
ye in use
‘e can produce any amonnt of evidence of Its durability,
capacity, strength and superiority over any other,
ne price of the slze commonly used for farm purposes,
is 4 cents per foot at the Factory.
Our Manufactory is at Tonawanda, Erle Oo,, but orders
should be directed to us at 44 Arcade, Rochester, N.Y.
508 LS, HOBBIN & Go,
UANO.—We would call the attention of Guano Deal-
ers, Planters and Parmers to the article which we have
on hand and for sale at THIRTY PER OENT, LESS THAN
PERUVIAN GUANO, and which we claim to be superior to
any Guano or fertilizer ever imported or manufactured in
this country, This Guano is imported by WM. H. WEBB,
of New York, from Jarvis & Bakers’ Island, in the “South
Pacific Ocean,’ and is sold genuine and pure as imported.
Tt has been satisfactorily tested by many of our prominent:
Parmers, and analyzed by the most eminent and popular
Agricultural Chemists and found to contain (as will be seem
wy, our circulars) a large per
ime and Phosphoric A
matter, yielding ammonla
abundant crops, besides substantlal
can be freely used without danger o!
Litt
3k
B, SAR DY, Agent,
farmers, 3) wb
BEIT PY © wo, 68 South at, corner of Wall sh, N. Y.
600.000 AGRES, OF HANNIBAL AND sr.
6 JOSEPH RAILROAD ‘DS, For Bale on
Tong Credit and at Low Ral
These Lands, granted by Congress to ald In constractin
the Rond le, to a great extent, within Six Miles and
within Fifteen Miles of the Road, which is now completed
Through a country unsurpassed in the salubrity of its Ol
mate-and fertility of lls Soll, Its latitude adapts It to @
greater variety of products than land elther north or south
Of renitering the profta of faring more certain an
ites an io any other rict of our country,
ts position is such as to command at law Raves of Freleht
ott Northern and Sonthern Markets,
To the Parmer desiring to better his condition, to parties
wishing to invest money in-the West, or any in search of &
Prosperous Home, these Lands are commended.
Forfullparticulars apply to, ° SOSA HUNT,
Land Gommissioner Hannibal and St, Joseph Rallroad,
605-18 Hannibal, Mo,
ites of Interes'
T A HUMBUG.—Wanted, one or more Young Men
eae eer Gavel to whom will be pal €80 fo 676
per month, and. expenses,’ For particulars, address with
slamp, M. BD. ALLEN & CO., Plaistow, N, H. “ome 564-181
HE LOGAN GRAPE.—The earllest ripening, black,
hardy Grape with which we are acquainted. Its frult
was sent to us this year earlier than any Other grape grown
outof doors, Berry oval; bunch compact, ~
Our Iilustrated and Dessripiira ae logue ofaven 70 sorts
Grapes, sent to applicants wha Inclose a stamp,
Cina 0. P, BISSELL & SALTER, Rochester, N. ¥.
NEW GROCERY ESTABLISHMENT,
No. 20 Front Street, Rochester, N. ¥.
N J. JARVIS has opened a Grocery Store, where
caw a bad a choice lot of Grocerles—Teas, DoiTees,
Sugars, Hrolames Rpibee: re Fane Zante Ourrants,
Nutmegs, Indigo, Tobacco, Cigars, Be. | JARYIS,
Rochester, Sept. 13, 1859,
S UNION FEMALE SEMINARY.
[pPHEXBLUN ‘Albion, Orleans Co., N. Y¥-
‘The next School Year of this Institution, commences on
the first Thursday of September next, For Terms, eee
Catalogue at this Office, or apply to
AOHILLES, Proprietor.
Albion, N. Y., Aug. 8, 1859. re BOLE
[© HOUSEKEEPERS. —sumerHina NEW.
B. T. BABBITT’S
BEST MEDICINAL SALERATUS,
68 Tamanofactured from common salt and ls pres 68
[pared entirely different from other Saleratus.
All the deleterious matter extracted In such, &| |,
AND |manner ag.to produce Bread, Biscull, and alt
kinds of Cake, without containing a particle of 70
the Bread or O
TO ater nee sa wholesome results, Every
pastel. of Saleratus {s turned to mas) and Mince 68
fad or Biscuit while con.
GR itouch he ide Pa commng Sale
rand Flour. You will readily percelve by] |
AND |the taste of this Saleratus that It is en! fer-|
~
ream Tartar, will ac-
et also, directions para)
for
IMAKE YOUR OWN SOAP,
wir
B. T. Babbitt’s Pure Concen-
trated Potash.
‘Warranted double the strength of ordinary Pot.
68's. Pot np in cans—1 ®,, 2ms., 8 ms,, 6 Ma. and
12 ts.—with full directions for Hard and
Soft Soap. Consaniny will find this the cheapest
Manufactured and for sale
asp [Potash in’ mi
70 ate E EE vot, (10
Nos, 63 and 70 Wi in. st., New York,
sa and No, 88 tadla st, Boston.
BSE
\VWe== ZouR OWN SOAP.
SAPONTETSEH'
OR,
PURE CONCENTRATED POTASH,
‘arran! itrength of ordinary Potash. One
Sarandon aoa deh Ot
Peteand with little trouble. Manufactured and put up ip
1,2, 4and 6 ®. cana in lamps, with directions, atthe Omar
Ye York.
Luce Caeuroat WORKS, Her i DURKEE & CO.
181 Pearl street, N. ¥., Proprietors
Sold everywhere, 500-25t
TRAWBERRY SEED FOR SALE—We havea
Str D of STRA yal kage gon-
15,000 seeds from Hovry's SKEDLUNG, Wit-
de
who wishes to try his hand at
berries. Price #1 per package.
Le Pacets Pervetaal Kin, Patented July,’
Bop i
Wor
stone,
lor to any io use for Wood or LONE
tans 100 bbls.—coal not ved with
aC aatres of saa to ORO soa net een
=
NOVEMBER.
CLARK.
BY JAMES @,
‘Tr red sun gathers up bis beams
To Bid the withered carth farewell,
And voices from the swelling streams
Aro ringing with the evening bell;
The cold lake sobs with restless grief,
‘Where late the water lilies grew,
While autumn fow! and autumn leaf
* Are sailing down tho rivers blue,
Forsaken are the woodland shrines,
The robin and the wren have fled,
And winds are walling through the pines
A dirge for summer's glorious dend ;
E'en man forsakes his dally strife,
And muées on the bright things flown,
As if in Nature's changing life,
He saw the pictare of bis own.
T often think, at this sad hour,
As evening weeps her earliest tear,
And sunset gilds the naked bower,
And waves are breaking cold and clear,
Of that glad time, whose memory dwells
Like starlight o’er life's cloudy weather,
‘When side by side we roved the dells
Of proud New England’s coast together.
*Twas on old Plymouth’ rock-famed shore,
One calm November night, with thee
I watched the long light trembling o'er
The billows of the eastern seca;
‘The weary day had sunk to rest
Beyond the lines of leafless wood,
And guardian clouds, from south to west,
Arrayed in hues of crimson stood.
We climbed the hill of noble graves,
Where the stern Patriarchs of the land
Seem listening to the same grand waves
‘That freed them from th’ oppressor’s hand ;
We talked of spirits pure and kind,
With gentle forms and loving eyes,
Of happy homes we left behind
In vales beneath the western skies.
A few brief days—and when the earth
Grew white around the traveler's feet,
And bright fires blazed on every hearth,
We parted never more to meet
Until I go where thou art gone
From this dark world of death.and blight,
And walk with thee above the sun
That sank upon thy grave to-night
Thear the muffled tramp of yeara
Come stealing up the slope of Time;
They bear a train of miles and tears,
Of burning hopes and dreams sublime;
But future years may never fling
A treasure from their passing hours,
Like those that come, on sleepless wing,
From memory’s golden plain of flowers.
The morning breeze of long-ago
Sweeps o’er my brain with soft control,
Fanning the embers to a glow
Amdt the ashes of my sora;
And by the dim and flickering light,
Ieee thy beauteous form appear,
Like one returned from wanderings bright,
To bless my lonely moments here.
Written for Moores Rural New-Yorker,
KATE RICHMOND'S BOUQUET;
AND WHAT BECAME OF IT.
BY KATE CAMBRON,
Ir was a clear, sunny day in the latter part of
Winter—one of those bright days which some-
times come at that season, as a harbinger of
returning Spring—and the streets of our “Modern
Athens” were thronged with gaily-dressed belles
4nd fashionable exquisites. Prominent among
the stylish equipages passing through Washing-
ton street, was an open carriage, containing four
ladies—the Misses Ricuuoxp and their cousin,
Miss Wasnsurn. A merry and an interesting
group they were, wrapped in yelvets and furs,
and decked with plumes, laces and flowers; but
far more attractive than their French artificials,
Were the elegant bouquets which they all carried;
for during their drive about town to show the
“lions” of their native city to their guest, Gzonara
Wasusovrx, they had called at a favorite green-
house and procured these costly blossoms, in view
of a grand levee to which they were that evening
inyited—for, fair and fashionable ge these ladies
were, they had not as yet succeeded in attaching
fo themselves those most desirable appendages,
admiring beaux, who would have furnished them,
as a matter of course, with the coveted bouquets;
but very fortunately their wealthy papa supplied
this deficiency, as far as money could do it,
Owing to the crowd of vehicles, the driver found
it necessary to stop for a few moments near one
of the crossings, and the youngest of the com-
pany, Kare Ricnmonp, perceived a little boy
Standing very near, and gazing wishfully at the
flowers in her hand. There was a sad and earnest
expression in his clear blue eyes, which plead
more eloquently than words, and obeying the
generous impulse of her sympathizing heart,
Kare reached out her hand, saying, “Here, little
boy, you may haye these flowers, if you would
like them.”
The boy looked at her with a glance of eager
surprise, then exclaimed, as he grasped the
bouquet, “Oh! thank you, thank you!""and dis-
appeared quickly in the crowd, while Miss Kate
received the wondering stare of the Lees
and the rather uncharitable ents of her
companions, with the unfej jd nature
which ever irradiated her face es.
The united voices of sisters un eocniny de-
nounced her proceeding as absolute folly, Wh:
ee een I'm positively AREA of you ?
was Miss Juiis’s exclamation. “Giving ‘those
splendid flowers to a dirly beggar” chimed in
Awexta. “Decidedly ‘casting pearls before
Swine,’ simpered Miss Gxonora. “T think papa
will give you no more five-dollar bills to throw
away.” “And what will you do for flowers to
old maid!”
-
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YOREER,
weir at Mrs, Revene’s this evening?” “A very
refined taste, surely, you display in the selection
of the recipients of your bounty.”
By this time the carrisge, extricated from the
crowd, was being rapidly whirled towards its
destination, the handsome residence of Mr. Ricu-
wonp, on Chestnut street, Kare remaining silent
and smiling, while her elder sisters entertained
their cousin with a graphic account of her
“oddities.”
“She is always patronizing some beggar or
other, stopping to bid the dirty street-sweepers
Good morning,’ or to drop some money into the
blind organ-grinder’s cup, or help some old
woman pick up her oranges, which the boys have
upset. Ifshe happens to stumble over a boy who
stands staring into a shop window, she always
says, ‘I beg your pardon,’ or ‘Excuse me,’ as if
he were a lord of the land; and whenever the
children come for cold pieces, if Kare is in the
basement, they are called in, to be warmed and fed,
Oh! she will make a benevolent, philanthropic
And the sister of eight-and-twenty
looked compassionately upon the maiden of eight-
een, as though she regarded her doom as inevitable,
“But bere we are at home,” and the ladies
alighted, and, ascending the broad stone steps,
entered the mansion.
We will leave them there, and follow Kate's
little protege as he wends his way through narrow
streets and alleys, in an opposite direction from the
current of fashion still sweeping down Washing-
ton street. He holds his bouquet with a tight
clasp, as if fearful of losing the new-found treas-
ure; and as he hurries along, old and young eyes
look with wonder at the strange apparition,—
flowers, and such flowers, in winter!—and little
hands are stretched out eagerly, but in vain; for
Carvey knows there are dear eyes at bome that
will brighten at the unexpected sight, and he must
show the gift, unmarred, to them.
At length he pauses before a large tenement
building, where families are crowded in with but
little regard to comfort, and none to convenience,
Ascending two flights of stairs, he enters a room,
which, despite the visible poverty, is scrupulously
clean, and the humble furniture is arranged in a
tasteful manner, imparting a home-like look to
the narrow limits. There are two women busily
sewing; one, with silyered hair and careworn
brow, the other young and fair, but there is a
hectic flush upon her cheek, and now and then her
hand is pressed involuntarily upon her sides,
while a dry, hacking cough is echoed by a sigh
from her mother's lips.
“Do lay aside your work, Anne, for a little
while, and go down stairs and see Mary Spracue.
She may like a little assistance from you, for this
is her wedding night, you know.”
“Sure enough, mother; and I promised to plait
her hair. But there'll be time enough, by and by;
and here comes Cuarer.” ‘
“Mother! Axxe! guess what I've got!” he
exclaimed, holding his hand behind him. ‘But,
oh! you never can, so I'll show you.” And with
childish delight he displayed his floral prize,
“ Beautiful! beautifull” exclaimed Mrs. Wester
and her-daughter, as they examined the flowers.
“But, Cuanvey, where did you get them?” was
his mother’s inquiry.
“Oh! a lady gave them to me, and she had
such a sweet, kind face.”
“But how dared you ask her for them?” said
Anne; ‘these flowers must have cost a great deal
of money.”
“I didn’t ask her,” answered Cuantey; “I
only looked at them, and she gave them to me;
but I thanked her, I did, and I shall always love
her.”
“She was indeed kind,” said Anne, “and I wish
I could thank her too; for I have been pining for
the flowers to come once more, and these will do
me more good than medicine. But we mustn't
be selfish about them,” she continued, as she
unwound the boquet, carefully laying the flowers
in her lap; ‘this japonica, and these sprays of
white jasmine, will be just the thing for Mary's
hair.”
“And I,” added her mother, “would like to
carry a few of them to poor Mrs. Brown, whose
baby died last night.”
“Oh! do, mother; these white rose-buds and
geranium leaves will be so sweet!”
And mother and daughter, intent on sharing
their happiness with their friends, left Cuantey
to arrange the remaining blossoms in a large
tumbler, while one ascended the rickety stairs to
the death-chamber, ond the other went down to
the cosy rooms of the old shoemaker, Sixox
Sprague, on the second floor,
Mrs. Brown had just completed the sad task of
preparing the lifeless form of her infunt for its
last resting-place. Very plain was the little pine
coffin; but the mother’s tears fell upon the coarse
pillow with a3 much heartfelt grief as was ever
manifested above the costly rosewood and satin-
lined casket, in the stately abode of the wealthy.
True, they were very poor, and the ‘hard times’
made it indeed a difficult task to procure needful
food and decent raiment, but what parent would
ever willingly resign a child for the sake of
abridging the family expenses?
Mrs, Wesron entered quietly, and placing a
tiny rosebud in the waxen fingers, and laying a
few flowers about the little face, bent down and
kissed the baby brow with that reverence which
one cannot but feel in the presence of the dead,
“Bless you,—bless you!” was all that the sorrow-
stricken mother could say; and her husband
coming in at that moment, she pointed silently
towards the beautiful blossoms, which were so
strange a sight in that dark dwelling, and he,
rough and uncultivated man that he was, gazed
at them with tear-dimmed eyes, and thanked Mrs,
Wesron in a husky whisper.
Meanwhile, Anne was seated in her friends
little bedroom, and Many knelt at ber feet, look
ing with delight at the unexpected offering which
would be so appropriate for a bride, and talking
in the low tone which seems ever to be the chosen
medium of happy thoughts. She had long been
betrothed to Wiux1aa Masow, an honest, indus-
trious mechanic; and now that her younger sister,
to whom she had been as a mother since the death
of their kind parent, had grown to woman's estate,
she felt that she could safely leave her to take
care of their old father, and she was now to be-
come the light of another home, humble indeed,
but rich in a pure love, which gold can never buy.
Anne plaited the long raven tresses, and twined
therein snowy blossoms snd dark green leaves;
and when Many, attired in her simple muslin
dress, went to her father’s side to receive hia
approving smile, no wonder that he gazed upon
her with admiring fondness; and when the en-
trance of the happy bridegroom called the rose-
tint to her cheek, Wirttam might well say, with
affectionate pride, ‘You never looked half so
pretty before, my Many!”
But we may not linger in that humble abode,
nor watch the fuding blossoms which for many
days. were so carefully treasured, and when all
their beauty had fled, little Cuarvey laid away
the dry stalks and withered leaves as a memento
of “the dear, kind lady,” for whose well-remem-
bered face he long looked whenever he passed
through the fashionable thoroughfares of the city.
Two slips of geraniums there were, which, set
out in broken pitchers, grew green and thrifty.
One stood in the window near which old Srixon
Spracue sat on his bench, plying his awl and
waxed ends. He would pause in the midst of
some psalm-tune which he was humming, to count
the leaves and buds on what he always called
“Mary's posy.” The other plant was carefully
tended by gentle Anne Weston for a few months,
when its leayes shed their fragrance within her
coffin—a fitting emblem of her sweet memory, as
itlingered in the heart of her mother and brother;
but oh! far more transient was that perfume than
the deep, abiding affection which enshrined that
lovely girl in the inmost souls of those who had
best known and loved her on earth.
Thus much for the history of the bouquet. Let
us resume our acquaintance with the kind donor
and her fashionable friends.
We will precede them to the stately mansion of
Mrs. Revere, on the evening of the same day
which witnessed our introduction to them. The
hostess was a wealthy and beautiful widow, and
her only brother, Pency Lincoux, having recently
returned from a three years’ sojonrn in the old
world, she determined to honor the event with an
assembly which should be the most elegant and
attractive of the season. The brother and sister
stood together in the princely suite of rooms,
marking the effeot of the lights and the arrange-
ment of the furniture, and chatting merrily of the
anticipated pleasures of the evening. ‘Grant me
one fayor, sister mine,” at length he exclaimed,
“Anything you may ask,” was her reply ; “could
Ideny you aught, Percy?”
“Then allow me to ensconce myself behind the
yelyet drapery, which nearly conceals the bow
window in the library from view. I wish to see
awhile, without being seen, and I will join you by
and by;” and, bowing with mock reverence, he
touched his lips to the daintily-gloved hand of
Mrs. Revere, and retired to his chosen retreat
before the door-bell commenced giving its contin-
ual summons. Mrs. Revere received her guests
with that perfect ease end affability which’ had
ever made her a fuyorite in her large circle of
acquaintance. The perlors were soon thronged
with lively groups of fair and graceful forms,
clad in costly robes of every hue. Ladies there
were who might have passed for queens, with
their jeweled diadems; others haughtily tossed
the flowing plumes which adorned their hair;
and others still, with studied simplicity, wore no
other ornament save Nature's gems—beautiful
flowers. *
Prominent among the gay crowd were JuLia
and Awsiza Ricuyonp and Georara Wasnpurn.
Their silks were of the richest texture, but too
showy to please a fastidious taste; their silver
bouquet-bolders contained the choicest exotics,
and pearls were gleaming among the dark tresses
of the two sisters; while their cousin had encircled
the heavy braids of herhair with a golden wreath ;
and the pins, rings, chains and bracelets, which
they all so lavishly displayed, could not but sug-
gest to the beholder their resemblance to @
Jeweler’s show-case,
And Kare was there, too, but without a single
rnament. Herdressof azure-hued moire-antique
Was rich but simple, and tte luxuriant waves of
her soft brown hair needed no adornment. Her
sisters had relented while performing their toilette,
and offered to share their flowers with her, or lend
her some of their jewels; but while she thanked
them for their proffered kindness, she declined
aveiling herself of it, and seamed perfectly will-
ing to abide by the consequences of what they
had termed her rashness and folly, while they
prophesied that if she went dressed in that plain
and unheard-of manner, she would not receive a
single attention from any gentleman the whole
evening, “unless,” suggested Miss Juria, “some
prim old bachelor, or fatherly widower, takes
pity on you, and takes you out of the corner for o
promenade,”
Such remarke were too frequent from her sisters
to make any very deep impression on Kars’s
spirits, Never had she felt more happy, and her
blue eyes shone with an unwonted radiance as she
glided through the splendid apartments at Mrs.
Revene's. There was a child-like simplicity and
grace in her moyements which could not fail of
winning the admiration of all who prefer Nature
to Art; and Mrs, Reyere was not surprised an
honr later to hear her brother's whispered request
for an introduction to “that charming fairy,”
who, he declared, had at last lured him from his
secluded nook in the library. Nor did he after-
Wards seem inclined to return thither, but through
the remainder of the evening he hovered about
Kate Ricuaonp—now talking of a favorite author,
or recounting some of his foreign adventures;
then examining a choice engraving, or looking at
4 costly painting; anon asking her opinion on
Some of the leading questions of the day, and
listening with pleased attention to her views, at
once candidly and politely expressed; and if he
were culled away to greet an old acquaintanee, or
be presented to a new one, he inyatiably sought
out that modest girl, whose unaflected nature and
well-stored mind had a peculiar charm for him,
Nor could she be quite insensible to the attentions
of one 80 noble and gifted as Percy Lixcony ;
one, whom to know was but to admire and love.
And yet, true to herself, she received the half-
envious congratulations of her sisters upon what
they termed her “splendid conquest,” with the
same gentle and unruflled spirit which had onabled
her to bear their reproaches so meekly.
Need we go on to relate how, a year from that
memorable evening, there was a select party at
Mr. Ricawoxn's, on which occasion his elder
daughters, still left to their maiden meditations,
appeared in their gay dresses and ji , while
our friend Kare, again leaning upon ¥ Lin-
COLN’s arm, wore white satin and orange blossoms.
After the solemn and impressive rite had been
performed, and the newly wedded and truly happy
husband and wife bad received the congratulations
of their friends, Pency reminded his lovely bride
of their first meeting just one year previous,
“But,” added he, “I saw you once before, on the
afternoon of the same day, when you gave a
bouquet to a little boy in the street. I was at-
tracted by the novel spectacle, and thought I had
never witnessed a more beautiful tableau than the
whole scene presented. I determined at any rate
to learn your name, and to ascertain from personal
Acquaintance if that generous and unprecedented
deed were in keeping with your real character. I
at once recognized you in my sister's house,—and
you know all the rest. Blessicgs on you, my true
and noble Kare!”
Rochester, N. Y., November, 1859,
Wit and Humor,
THE BASHFUL MAN,
Wasurineton Inyina at a party in England, one
day playfully asserted that the love of annexa-
tion which the Anglo-Saxon race displayed on
every occasion, proceeded probably from its
mauvaise honte, rather than its greediness. As a
proof he cited the story of a bashful friend of
his, who being asked to a dinner party, sat down
to the table next to the hostess in a great state
of excitement, owing to his recluse life. A few
glasses of wine mounting to his brain, completed
his confusion, and dissipated the small remains)
of his presence of mind, Casting his eyes down
he saw on his lap some white linen, “My
heavens,” thought he, “that’s my shirt protrud-
ing at my waistband.” He immediately com-
menced to tuck in the offending portion of his
dress, but the more he tucked in, the more there
seemed to remain, At last he made a desperate
effort, when a sudden crash around him, and a
scream from the company, brought him to his
senses. He had been all the time stuffing the
tablecloth into his breeches, and last time had
swept everything clean off the table. Thus our
bashful friend anwexed a tablecloth, thinking it
the tail of his own shirt.
Toe Smewatx Cemerery.—One of our Massa-
chusetts exchanges tells a good story of a jolly
fellow who, on the “Glorious Fourth,” passing
along the streets of Springfield, in that State, saw
the inscription, ‘““B, K. Bliss, Apothecary,”
neatly chiseled on a marble slab in the centre of
the sidewalk. Stepping reverently over the stone,
he turned round, and reading slowly, “B. K. Bliss,
Apoplery,” exclaimed, ‘ Apoplexy—yes—well—
but what in creation did they bury him under the
sidewalk for?”
A Srrona Recossenpation.—A peddlar wish-
ing to recommend his razors to the gaping crowd,
thus addressed them :—‘Gentlemen, the razors
T hold in my hand were made in a cave by the
light of a diamond in the province of Andalusia
in Spain, They cutas quick as thought, and are
as bright as the morning star. A word or two
more, and I am certain you will buy them. Lay
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA.
T Ast composed of 88 letters.
‘My 18, 80, 22, 26 Is the name of a State and river in the
United States,
My 19, 17, 21 1s a kind of fish,
My 11, 6, 18, 4, 29, 16 has been witnessed during the
past summer,
My 27, 7, 20, 2 is what a husband does over buttonless
shirts,
My 2, 14, 1, 82, 25 grows only in summer,
My 32, 4, 10, 1, 21 is what every farmer should have.
My 23, 5, 8, 14, 28, though human, is brought into bon-
dage, a -
My 16, 31, 8, 7 is an adverb,
My 28, 18 is a preposition.
My 12, 9, 22, 23, 15 is what a refined lady loves to do in
company.
My whole is essential to good manners,
Oaketone Dell, Wis,, 1859.
27 Answer in two weeks,
Cuantey.
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
HISTORICAL ENIGMA.
Im composed of S4 letters,
My 1, 47, 80, 43, 7 was an American general,
My 4, 57, 15, 2, 11, 47, 10, 43, 57, 81, 24, 73, TL was a mar-
itime city of Caria, the birthplace of Herodotus,
My 18, 47, 83, 9, 87, 58, 49, 67 Was a mountain of Cam-
pania, famous for its wine. -~
My 16, 57, 4S, 8, 47, 42, 78, 74 waa a son of Jupiter, the
father of Pelops, and king of Phrygia.
My 20, 47, 74, 17, 21, 43, 53, 5, 18, 5S was commander-in-
ebief of the American army.
My 28, 47, 90, 50, 26, 81, 57 betrayed the Roman cltadel
to the Sabines,
My 27, 47, 80, 10, 82, 6S was an American general,
My 29, 86, 10, 83, 14, 76, 75, 67 was a celebrated hero,
the son of Jupiter and Alomena. .
My 84, 47, 19, 24, 28, 41, 05, 62, 74 was the shepherd by
whom Romulus and Remus were brought up.
My 40, 47, 35, 57 is the goddess of Report.
My 43, 89, 76, 65, 44, 47, 56, 74 was one of the captors of
Major Andre,
My 45, 25, 47, 76, 69, 67 was one of the seven wise men
of Greece,
My 50, 46, 57, 51, 61, 24 was the name of an island on
which was a tower, esteemed one of the seyen
wonders of the world.
My 55, 54, 7, 85, 52, T4, 66, 61, 11, 76, 75, T4 was a cele~
brated Athenian general io the Persian war,
My 59, 60, 75, 84, 64, 81 was the wife of Peleus and
mother of Achilles,
My 68, 61, 65, 77,75 was an English general who was
killed in 1759.
My 63, 18, 70, 9 was an Englieh officer who took a prom-
inent part in the American Revolution,
My 71, §3, 75, 67, 7, 14, 24 was one of the most celebrated
heroes of antiquity,
My 79, 72, 2, 58, 7, 19, 24 was a king of Arcadia-and
priest of Apollo,
My S2, 26,61, 78, 61, 49 was a glant who was slain by
Hercules, and whose oxen were driven Into Greece,
My whole may be found in the elghteenth psulm.
Bennett's Corners, N, ¥,, 1859. HL. N, Ancuzs,
[™ Answer in two weeks.
For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker,
GEOMETRICAL PROBLEM.
Tue area of a certain right-angled triangular field {s
15 acres, and the longer segment of the hypothenuse,
made by a perpendicular, let fall from the right-angle
on the hypothenuse, measures 64 perches, Required
the sides of the triangle. Anrauas Martin,
Franklin, Venango Co., Penn,, 1859,
2" Answer in two weeks,
them under your pillow at night, and you will
find yourself clean shaved in the morning.”
A Person’s Feeurncs at Sea.—The first hour
that a person spends at sea is commonly devoted
to admiring man’s triumpb over the deep—the
nextin admitting that the deep is gradually tri-
umphingoyerhim, ‘Steward, where's my room?
I begin to feel as if I should very soon need a little
weak brandy, or a good deal of tin basin.”
A STRING OF LITTLE JOKERS.
“Taat, sir, is the Spirit of the Press,” said a
lady, as she handed a glass of cider to a gentle-
man,
Exteemes meet. Civilization and barbarism
come together. Savage Indians and fashionable
ladies paint their faces,
Taree things that never agree—two cats over
one mouse, two wives in one house, and two lovers
after one young lady. e
A weGro’s instructions for putting on a coat
were :— Fust de right arm, den de lef, and den
gib one general conwulshun.”
Pawnsrokers and hard drinkers often take
pledges ; we fear that the former generally keep
them longest.
A teapina maxim with almost every politician
is always to keep his countenance, and neyer to
keep his word.
Avy paper can publish the appointments after
the coming in of a new administration, but what
paper in the world is large enough to publish half
the disappointments ?
Ove day Jerrold was asking about the talent of
a young painter, when his companion declared
that the youth was mediocre. ‘The very worst
ochre an artist can set to work with,” was the
quiet reply,
A noox about England has just been published
in Germany, in which the author mentions, among
other equally interesting facts, that thieves are so
scarce in that country, that a reward is often
offered for the discovery of one,
Some rude country critic quoting the London
Times’ remark that our Secretary of the Treasury
has woven “ some curious financial webs,” remarks
that they are like other Cobb-webs. We wonder
is the oritic intentionally personal ?
ANSWEES TO ENIGMAS, &., IN No, 614,
Answer to Biblical Enigma:!—A soft answer turnetii
away wrath; but grevious-words stir up anger, *
Answer to Riddle:—Philadelphis.
Answer to Arithmetical Problem :—8 miles square, or
5,760 acres,
Answer to Illustrated Rebus:
Harper's Ferry Armory raid excels alt Kansas
doings.
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
‘THE LARGEST CIROULATED
Agricultural, Literary and Family Weekly,
18 PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY
BY D, D., T. MOORE, ROCHESTER, N. Y-
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and Agents as follows :—Three Coples one year, for #5; Six,
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aired. As we pre-pay American postage 0D papers sent to
the British Provinces, our Canadian agents and frlends must
‘add 12% cents per copy to the club rates of the Ronar.—
The lowest price of coples seat to Europe, &c., ts only #2,-
Oo rentigesara Treaty Fire Cents a Line, each Inser-
thon, payable in advance. Our rule 1s to give no advertise-
ment, unless very brief, more than six to elght consecutive,
{nsertiona Patent Medicines, &c,, are not advertised Jo.
the Ronan on any conditions.
‘Tue Postace ox Tx Ruaat Is only 84'cents per quarter
to any part of this State, and 6) cents to any other State, u
pald quarterly in advance at the post-ofllce where recelved.
My 6, 57, 8, 12, 22, 88,47, 51 was a Carthaginian general. —
ee
Oe
%
tee
corn at the time the last cens
; sorrogon Guanes, whtoh
TWO DOLLARS A YEAR)
“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.”
[SINGLE NO. FOUR CHNTS,.
VOU. Xo NO eo le
ROCHESTER, N. Y.—FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, DECEMBER 3, 1859.
(WHOLE NO. 517,
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
AN OBIGINAL WEEKLT
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE,
‘With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors,
7 Al) communications, and business letters, dhould be
‘Rddressed to D. D. T. MOORE, Rochester, N.Y.
For Tensa and other pi
THE GREAT CROPS OF THE COUNTRY.
Tue Census Returns reveal strange and impor-
tant facts, and we occasionally look over these
large volumes of apparently dry figures with
interest and profit. They teach us facts—some-
times facts which ast first we can herd)y credit,
bot which must be so, for figures tell the troth.
Should we ask which are the three gréatest crops
of the country, the answer in most cases would
woheditatingly be, wheat, corn and cotton, abd
yet figures show the hay crop to be more impor-
tant than either wheat or cotton. The prodact of
was taken. as
‘yer tusbel
295,805,466. The hay crop is stated at
tuns, whieh at €10 per tun is $195,287,-
The wheat raised was 100,061,962 bushels,
660.
which aot the estimate price of $1 per bushel
would give the same number of dollars. Ohio
iy the greatest producer of corn, but Kentucky,
Tilinois, Indiana end Tennessee are nearly equal.
New York, Pennsylvania and Ohio are the great-
est producers of hay. New York, Pennsylvania,
Obio, Virginia, Illinois aud Indiana are first on
the list as producers of wheat.
Fourth in order, we have the cotton, of which
2,445,779 bales are reported, which at $30 per bale
gives a value of $78,373,370. Onts, 146,478,170
bushels worth, at 40 cents, $5 ),389. Potatoes,
108,850,590, at 38 cents, $39,474,628. The cotton,
of course, is grown exclusively in the Southern
States, Alabama being the greatest producer, and
Georgia and Mississippi and South Carolina fol-
lowing in order. New York and Pennsylvania
each produce more oats than any other two States.
Tilinois and Virginia are sbout equal. New York
produces nearly as many potatoes as any other
three States; and Georgia and Pennsylvania next.
We have now given the statement, furnished us
by the Census, of the products of our six largest
crops and their estimated value. The sugar crop
js far less than we supposed, being only sixteen
millions. We have often felt disposed to quarrel
with these figures, considering that sugar has
ceased to be a luxury, aud is now a necessity in
almost every family, but, of course, this we are
not prepared to do, and must wait patiently for
the next Census. The tobacco crop exceeds that
of sugar by more than three millions of dollars,
Tobacco to the value of about a million and a half
is grown in Northern States. Sugar to the value
of twenty to forty millions is annually imported,
But, in all the curious facts shown by figures,
there is nothing more corious or interesting than
_ the average products of the great crops per acre,
as shown by the following table:
ACTUAL CROPS PER ACRE ON THE AVERAGE.
alalg_ lf
51s
STATES, S 3 Ss |33
2) 2 (33/23
2| 215° |=
Eis ]
Gopnectic Neen | cof 0 ag ee
| | a5
3/8 | ih
~ | st | 190
35} 3. 1m
26 m2} 140
an | 30 | 200
| a].
a | 3 |
ii 100
are
. | Is et
2
BEESSSBRES: BRASS: SS:
i
&
Only think of the farmers of sterile Connecticut
hpsing those of the fat prairies of Illinois at their
THOMBERY SYSTEM OF PRUNING AND TRAINING THE VINE.
Herewirn we give the plan
of proning and training the
Grape Vine, practiced at
France, 4 locality famed for
the excellence of its grapes,
which McInrosu says are so Mi)
presents over most of the Eu- m4 le ig
ropean continent, Itiscalled Tie
the “ Thomery System,” avd i
mene modification is well ~ a La}
jepted to the growth of the | of ‘
grape in cities, as the vine Mi} \
con be made to coversthoosks 4 \
entire fronts of the highest §
houses, entirely out of the i
Thomery, near Fontainbleau, ff
fine that they are sent as
ES
reach of passers by, the trunks —S=-qreA
being protected by a suitable ti j
box or casing, for ten or more sii pil
feet from the sidewalk. Barns i
may be covered in the saine
wey, the vine being entirely
out of reach of the cattle.
At one end of the trellis is
seen a sireng post, around
which wires are fastened. To
keep the post upright it must
be braced, but the bracing is
not shown. At the other end
little portions of wire are
shown, designated by figs. 1
and 2, The portions of the i \\\
vine lying alon; and a simp
tained in pl itare 1
arms. ‘hose shoots fastened [
towards the tops to the wires
(1) are called the courses (cor- é
The one nearest to the post and tbe fifth furnish arms for the lower courses.
The second and the sixth furnish arms for the upper courses. The third and the seventh for second courses from tho
top. The fourth and eighth for the remaining courses, which completes the system, which, when loaded with fruit, will all be like the one designated by 4, In our horticultural page will be found a
full description of this system of pruning and training the-vine.
own game, growing Indian corn; and the farmers
of Massachusetts and Vermont producing 170
bushels of potatoes to the acre, and those of
rocky New Hampshire over 200, while we of New
York obtain only 100, and Pennsylvania only 75
bushels, while Texas carries off the palm, and
averbges 250. This difference, we think, is not
to be accounted for by soil or climate. There
must be difference in the men, in the system of
cultivation; for in some cases where nature seems
to be the most propitious, the product is the least.
We leave these figures, without farther remark,
to the contemplation of our friends, hoping that
all will feel a noble pride in having their State
give areport of which they will have no reason
to be ashamed, when the next Census shull be
taken, in 1860.
SSS Ee
JOHN JOHNSTON ON WINTERING SHEEP.
Mr. Jounston says in the Runa of Noy, 5th,
“If every farmer would feed’each of his sheep one
“bushel of corn, or 60 pounds of oats, buckwheat
“‘or barley, (whichever he found cheapest) during
“winter, with good straw, even, for fodder, they
“would pay him better for the grain, by far, than
“if he were to carry it to market and sell it for
“cash. DButif he would feed each sheep 90 pounds
“of corn, or other grain, they would still pay him
“Detter for the grain—they would yield him
“double the wool to what they did when he fed
“no grain—they would raise bim double the
“number, and much better lambs.’”
That assurance was given ubout election time,
when experience has taught mankind that a cer-
tain tinge of vagueness and uncertainty attaches
to human affairs. I have some Merino ewes
which have sheared six pounds of wool, and
brought from one to two lambs, without being fed
anygrain. Am I to understand that feeding them
90 pounds of corn” this coming winter, will
take them shear ¢welve pounds of wool, each, and
raise fro) to four lambs apiece? I endorse
most hea ‘the opinion that frequently it will
pay to feed sheep 60 pounds, and even 90 pounds,
of grain each during the winter; bot I am of
opinion that no universal rule can be adopted as
to the amount of grain which it is expedient to
feed. , 7
An abundance of Peteawes!, nutritious grass
Will put sheep in good order in the summer time,
and the best of hay and the best of care will keep
well-formed, hearty, middle-nged sheep in good
condition through the winter. I have seen sheep
wintered on hay alone (with plenty of water) that
were as fat as it is profitable, in my judgment, to
have sheep, I believe there is such a thing os
breeding animals too fat, My father was in the
habit of selecting choice portions of white clover,
red clover, and fine upland timothy, which he cut
early and cured carefully for his sheep. He fed
rather abundantly, and made the big colts and
steers eat the “‘orts” or leavings; he claimed that
he could keep his sheep in good order in this way,
and he did it, It was not uncommon for his half
blood Merino wetbers to have twenty-five pounds
tallow the fall after they were three years old,
fattened, on grass. He insisted that “ good pas-
tures are indispensable to good farming’’—that
whoever neglected to get their stock in good
order on pasture, had missed a golden oppor-
tunity. I have known cattle gain in winter on
hey; but, in general, if stock is poor in the fall,
particularly sheep, it requires grain to keep them
along and make any improvement. I admit—I
assert—I insist—nay, J insist with emphasis, that
stock of any kind pays better if kept well than if
kept poor; but there is one thing which Mr.
Jenxsron did not say in his excellent communica-
tion above referred to, which should never be
lost sight of:— Zvery art and every science should
be exhausted in getting animals up in good con-
dition before grain is resorted to.
Mr. Page, of Wyoming, drives fat horses—Mr.
Page does not feed grain—Mr, Pace considers
horses that eat a good deal of grain, on the high-
way of ruin. He buys a horse accustomed to a
forced and artificial Jife, viz.:—a half bushel of
oats per day; he puts the horse aforesaid on grass
(Graham) diet; the horse grows poor ‘you
thought he would ?” you miserable !)—¢/ter,
months he grows fat, and Mr, Pace, in
way, will explain to you that you can dou good
fair day's work every day with your tean and feed
no grain, if you will be right and regular in your
management, and so add five to ten years to their
life.
You buy a buck of Messrs. Buock, Coax & Co.,
of Vt.; you have prudent notions; you feed him
only two quarts of grain per day. Firstly, he
grows poor, Secondly, he dies.
- I om bad in that department, but I believe
Naturalists do not put our farm stock generally
into the class of granivorous animals, (feeding on
grain,) but in the department of gramnivorous,
(living on grass.) I don’t care a snap for the
natural-s—what did I call them?—any way, I
know, and every body may know, that the e/cep
and goats that for ages climbed the rugged hill-
sides, the bulls and bisons that roam the western
wilds or the eastern plains, the horses of the desert
or the prairie, must through long centuries have
descended from ancestors that had no regular
plies of grain to draw upon, and from the neces-
Sities of the case their constitutions, their habits,
their very natures must have been formed from and
adapted to the wennace they lived upon. We inno-
vate at our peril. The best anybody can do is to
fresh, sweet, nutritious grass and hay, with the
the addition of apples, roots, &c,, with little or no
grain, it seems better for their subsequent health
and longevity than if they are early accustomed to
the “stimulus” of grain. It often, very often
happens, that stock is left through neglect, in the
hurrying season of haying and harvesting, in
pastures so short that they go back irreparably,
and the same thing or worse is suffered to occur
when animals remain in fields covered with frosts
and early snows, but wélerly stripped of vegetation,
jost before ‘foddering begins.” In this way they
frequently go back in three weeks more than they
can be made to gain in six weeks by the largest
amount of grain that could be given to them,
The moral of all this is, that stock should be kept
up, without grain if you can, with grain if you
must {
It is proper that I should add, that whatever
objections may be made to feeding store animals,
and particularly young animals, largely on grain,
the objection does not apply to stock intended for
slaughter within a year. Sheep or cattle to be
butchered the coming summer will produce more
and better meat if they are liberally fed on meal
the coming winter, and very likely they may be
sold in an early market, where they will bring o
third more than if kept till fall to fatten on grass.
The subject is so large, every way, that I will con-
tinue it in a subsequent number.—n, 7. 2.
SAVING FODDER.
Eps. Rurat New-Yortker :—I would like to say
a few words to my brother farmers who read your
paper, as their name is “legion,” in regard to the
necessity of using every means in their power, in
order to keep their stock in good condition the
coming winter, as cheaply as possible. There isa
real scarcity of hay and fodder in nearly all parts
of the Empire State, and the question,—‘‘ywhat
shall we feed, and how?”—has to be met full in
the face, and any facts throwing light on the mat-
ter are seasonable,
There is a great deal of coarse fodder saved thi
year, and by a judicious manner of feeding, stock
may be wintered as well as upon good hay.—
When a boy, the writer had a pair of steers, two
years old, that he wanted to fatten and sel! for
beef. As we were short of hay, we experimented
until we ascertained the following facts. Cows,
two-year-olds, and three-year-olds, will keep in
the same condition, neither gaining nor losing, if
fed two quarts of corn meal, or its equivalent, per
day, with cut stray. I fattened my steers, and my
father fattened some also, giving them all the cut
straw they would eat, and ¢/iree quarts of meal
each, per diem. The cut straw was wet, and the
look and learn. Observe the order of Nature. If
young animals of any kind can be made to grow on
meal was thoroughly mixed with it before feeding.
Oxen, and heavier steers, would probably need
more meal to fatten them. We fed, last winter, a
flock of sheep, after the plan pursued by Jonny
Jouxston, sq., of Geneva, We gave them all the
good, bright, wheat straw they would eat, three
times a day, and one bushel of corn to the 100
sheep daily. Lambs cannot be kept in this way
as so much grain will be apt to make them scour;
at least, such is our experience in the matter.
With the exception of sheep, all stock can be
wintered more economically on mea/, than on
whole grain, fed in connection with hay or straw.
According to the experiments of Cassius M. Ctay,
and others, cooked meal is worth, for hogs, three
times as much as whole grain. In all the experi-
ments that I have seen, meal is worth double that
of unground grain for cattle or hogs, and, per-
haps, horses. In case a farmer has fodder and
grain to buy, or even if he bas the needed quantity
of grain, the fact that by grinding it he can save
one-half, should not be lost sight of, for an instant.
Any man who feeds fifty bushels, or more, annu-
ally, can illy afford to do without a farm mill, oro
cooking apparatus,— but the mill being the most
conyenient of the two, is the one most to be recom-
mended, I have a Leavitt's “Young America”
will, but would like to exchange it for one, that is
not a cob mill. It does not pay, for me at least, to
grind and feed cobs when I can get bran for $16
per ton at our mills, There was a mill at the
American Institute Fair, New York, and ot our
State Fuir, at Albany, which I have seen tried else-
where, that would suit me far better than any
other I have seep. It does not grind the grain,
but breaks it —Jine too, an important requisite. —
I believe it was called “Sanford’s” mill, made by
R, L, Howann, of Buffulo. I have forgotten the
price, butas it is a simple mill, I presome itis
cheap. After any farmer has used a mill one year,
he would not care to be without. The savingin
grain soon pays for it, and a good mill will last a
placed in ‘‘ Young America” for three dollars;
and I presume the “Sanford mill,” can be re-
juvenated equally cheap.
If sheep are the principal stock, I do not believe
it would pay to grind the corn for them, as they
never void corn undigested. An acquaintance
tried feeding two flocks of wethers one winter, and
the flock fed on whole corn gained as fast, appa-
rently, ns those fed on meal—the same number of
busbels being fed to each flock, To feed sheep
profitably, and to winter them cheaply, the best
way is to feed them their hay or straw in racks,
under good, tight sheds, Afver careful experi-
ment,I can safely aflirm that sheep fed under good
sheds, will not consume more than two-thirds as
much fodder as when fed in racks out of doors.—
It requires less food to keep up the animal heat in
Warm sheds, than when the sheep are out of doors,
and in the latter case, if any hay gets the least
life time, except the grinders, and they can be re- _
rain, or wet upon it, the sheep will it, even
to avoid starvation. Enough fodder o saved
in one winter to pay for good stables for either
cattle or sheep, and the animals look so much bet-
ter, too, that I wonder any farmer would be so
extravagant as to feed good hay or straw to cither
cattle or sheep out of doors, exposed to storms,
and to certain less in flesh.
To recapitulate. If you have not hay enough,
or haye only coarse fodder, feed abundance of
grain, well ground, i. e., ground fine, make your
stables and sheds tight, and énough of them, and
my word for it, hay will be cheaper next spring
than now. D. A. A. Nicuors.
‘Westfleld, N. ¥., 1859,
————— +o —______
A WORD FOR DOMESTIC ANIMALS.
“J wisn my cattle had a better shelter,” is the
cry of the humane but improvident farmer, as
each winter he sees those poor, patient servants of
his standing in the open air, suffering from storms
of wind, rain and snow, or shivering in the cold
comfort of the leeward side of barn or stack; and
pity for their dependent, shelterless condition
moves him to resolve that next summer he will set
about providing warm, substantial barns and sheds
for them. But, when summer comes again, the
immediate, pressing need of such conveniences
has passed away; and, occupied with things that
must be done now, the owner’s good resolution
is half forgotten till the sight of his animals
exposed to the severities of another winter brings
it once more to mind. If the season when the
want of comfortable housing for cattle is most
imperatively felt were also the time for supplying
that want, doubtless few farms would be without
8 suitable provision of this kind; but, unfortu-
nately for the poor creatures most interested, the
building of shelters for stock is one of the things
that cannot be done the moment they are needed;
and so the race of well-intentioned but procrasti-
nating farmers continually put off the execution
of their benevolent resolves.
The motive of gain, though more generally
effective than any other, is not the only nor the
worthiest one that can be urged in fayor of careful
and considerate treatment of domestic animals,
Pleas for shelter for these out-door servants of
man haye, hitherto, been made up, principally, of
appeals to the selfishness of their masters. The
less quantity of food his cattle would require, and
the greater amount of work they would be able to
perform, the larger supply of wool his sheep
would yield, and the less hay and grain they
would consume—such are the reasons commonly
employed to induce the owner of domestic animals
to provide them comfortable shelter. Now and
then, the comparative helplessness of the brute cre-
ation, their position of dependence on man, their
sensibility to cold, hunger, &c., &c., are brovght
forward to make up a claim on the compassionate
nature of the lord of the lower animals. The
economists’ argument is as good as anything
purely selfish can be; the plea of the sentimen-
talist would sound better if we did not remember
what we have been told, that in their natural
state, horses, cattle, sheep, &c., managed to take
tolerable care of themselves, and that man re-
duced them to subjection and dependence,
The question whether the owners of farm stock
shall provide comfortable shelter for their animals
is not properly one of self-interest merely, nor of
self-interest joined with the compassion due from
a being of high capabilities to one of lower endow-
ments; it is, and should be treated, partly, at least,
as a question of justice. The proper relation be-
tween servant and served is based on the principle
of mutual benefit. We should be ashamed to
deprive the humblest creatures of liberty and com-
pel their services, unless, in return, we care for
them better than they could care for themselves,
What they receive from us in the way of food and
shelter should not be regarded as so much una-
voidably subtracted from the profits of their labor,
their fleece, or their carcass; nor bestowed grudg-
ingly as asort of alms, but cheerfully paid as right-
fal wages. It is as much their due as if they were
capable of bargaining for it, and withdrawing
their services in case of breach of contract by the
other party. It is time the relation between man
and the brute creation were considered in another
than coldly economical point of view; let us have
a plea for the right usage of domestic animals
addressed to the pockets, the sympathies, and the
consciences ef their owners, AL
South Livonia, N. Y., 1859,
eee
ABOUT BUTTER AND CHEESE,
Eps. Rorat New-Yorker:—In the Rurau of
Noy. 5th, we noticed an article headed Butter and
Cheese, and the question, What has become of
them? This question is a very important one,
not only to your State, (N. Y.,) but to all of the
Northern ones, both Hast and West. That article
says—“ There would seem to be a general falling
off in the dairy product of this State, (meaning
N.Y., I presume,) judging from the present prices
of butter and cheese.” ‘The article also gives
figures of the prices of both those commodities for
one month, (October) of each year, for ten years—
viz: from 1850 to 1859, inclusive. During the
first five years, butter averaged 153¢ cents per
pound, and cheese 6}4 cents per pound. Daring
the next five Years we find an increase of nearly
twenty-five per cent., which is surely a profitable
investment for farmers. But even at these prices
we cun hardly find either for sale,
In this State, (Michigan,) at our market,
(Kalamazoo,) we can scarcely find a pound of
butter at any price, at this date (Noy. 18th,) for
sale,—and when we do find it, have to pay from 18
to 22 cents. Now, we claim this ought not and
need not be. Admitting Michigan to be a grain,
rather than dairy country, still there can be
butter and cheese enough produced for all home
consumption, and some exported at fay less figures
than those above. The failure ig just here:
farmers are too slack about this Matter, and leave
it rather to circumstances than systematic caloy-
lation. In traveling through the State jn almost
“ny direction, we will see cattle of all kindy (cows
included,) standing out beside a straw-stack or
fence, shivering in a cold November storm, with
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YOREER,
nothing to eat except what they can pick them-
selves from said straw-stack, and giving, when
milked, from 1 to 8 quarts per milking. This, we
say, is the condition (except in isolated cases,) of
cows in this State. This is one of the causes, and
& very, prominent one, of a deficiency in butter
and cheese, Another is want of good stock,—but
few farmers taking the pains to improye their
stock by breeding from thorough-breds. If
farmers would only wake up to the necessity of a
reformation in this department, they would find
they could make more money, and make it easier,
by judicious management, at butter ranging from
12 to 15, and cheese from 6 to § cents per pound,
by making more of it, to say nothing about the
advantage accruing to their stock in good looks
and better condition.
More on this subject at a subsequent date, if
this is not consigned to the dark drawer.
Kalamazoo, Mich., 1859. Youne Farure.
Wo ee
THE DAIRY vs. GRAIN GROWING ON THE
PRAIRIES,
Grain-crownyr upon the prairies seems now to
have reached its maximum, so far as economical
production by labor-saving machinery is to aid it.
The plow and the reaper find naught to obstruct
their progress or hinder their labor. When the
price is fair it is indeed a fertile source of wealth,
but at all times its market is to be sought thou-
sands of miles away, and when low prices rule the
cost of carriage consumes much of the product.
Not so with the dairy — especially the cheese
dairy. The home demand exceeds the supply, and
orders haye now to be drawn upon the States of
Ohio and New York to supply the deficit. And
this too in a land where pasturage is unlimited in
frequent localities, and forage of all kinds is
abundant and easily supplied. At the present day
the capital to be invested in grain growing is
nearly or quite as large as that for dairying, but
owing to past success all eyes have been turned
toward the preduction of grain, and the business
of dairying is lost sight of.
Every farmer who uses machinery must own it
himself, or pay others for owning and working it,
which amounts to the same thing, and here is
opened an expenditure for reapers and drills and
cultivators equaling the cost of quite a herd of
cows. Then, the hardest work of the season
comes when his neighbors are pushed to the last
extremity and thousands of acres of grain are be-
coming over-ripened, causing “bidding up on
wages” by those who wish to hire help. All these
are items against the growing of grain,
The dairy has to be provided with suitable and
convenient buildings for the manufacture of butter
or cheese, These at the West are among the chief
obstructions to opening this business upon the
prairie, and haye doubtless hindered many from
investing in it. But the moderate price of lum-
ber at the present date does much toward remoy-
ing this hindrance. When buildings are once
constructed the cost of keeping a cow for the round
year is much less than at the East. Where the
range is ample no interest has to be paid, either
upon the land furnishing summer range or winter
forage. The cost of securing hay is certainly less
than at the East, while of help suited to butter
and cheese making, it may be a trifle greater.
The advantages of dairying over grain-growing
are, while their natural facilities are equal, the
market for the dairy is found in the neighborhood
at high prices, while the other has to seek a
market and be governed by the fluctuations of
commerce and trade. W. H. Ganpner.
Amboy, Lee Co,, Ill, 1859,
Oe
A PROLIFIC SHEEP,
Ens. Rurat New-Yorker :—I noticed an article
in the Rurat of Oct, 29th, speaking of a profitable
Jlock of sheep owned by J. Manvex, Dover, Md. I
will speak of a profitable sheep. I have a small
flock of South Downs, from which I give you an
account of the product of one ewe, raised from one
of my imported ewes. She was 4 years oldlast May.
When one year old she raised a buck lamb; when
two years old two ewe lambs; when three years
old two buck lambs; when four years old two ewe
lambs —in all seven lambs. I weighed this day
her pair of two year old ewes— one weighed 181
pounds, the other 172 lbs. Her last spring lambs
came in May; one weighed 100 Ibs., the other
991bs. The three bucks I have disposed of, which
would of course weigh at same ages as much or
more. The weight of the mother when in same
condition is about 190 lbs. The whole estimated
present weight of the ewe and her product would
be fully 1,200 1bs,, from the ewe lambs of four
years ago last May.
Thave others as large, but none as prolific. I
feed no grain or roots to my sheep—only corn
stalks and-hay in winter. ‘ Who can beat it?”
They are beautiful, as well as large,
Raren HW. Avery.
Wampsville, Madison Co,, N, Y,, Nov, 1859.
oo
Do Bees Serect 4 Hone nerore Swanwine 2—
Facts in the Afirmativé.—A tree was cut down,
and a cavity found in it, with bees at work clean-
ing it out— showing a large amount of labor had
been done, to make it a comfortable dwelling. —
Next day, while men were at work on the fallen
tree a swarm of bees came, rested on an adjoining
tree, and began to make comb on the underside
of a limb.
Axotuer.—A young swarm has been known to
go directly into an empty hive standing near with-
out going through the usual form of swarming,—
The question is still open, do they always select a
home before swarming? What Bees go out to
hunt the new home, Queen, Drones, or Workers?
=S., Centralia, Iil., 1859.
SS eee
Beans ror Fatrenixc Hocs.—I think it is not
generally understood that beans may be used for
fattening hogs. I have had some experience in
the matter, and I think there is nothing that will
fut them faster than beans, They must be boiled
Soft and well mashed, then put into a tub or bar-
rel and let sour, Care should be taken in feeding
at first so as not to cloy them, as they make very
hearty feed. Try it, you who haye beans that are
not merchantable.—A. C., Le Toy, V. Y., 1859.
HORIZONTAL WELLS.
Wetts, as opposed to living fountains of earth-
drawn water, are generally reported against.—
Everybody seems to love the enduring, volunteer
fountain, whether found in forest or prairie —
among rocks, or gurgling forth from the soil,
Poets sing of these fountains and barbarians wor-
ship them—western emigrants shout “Eureka”
at their discovery, and there they rest. The world
of animate nature slakes its daily thirst with
waters self drawn, Mon and only man seeks
water in the earth.
If fountains are to be chosen, why not, in hilly
and mountainous regions, have all our wells foun-
tains, by digging them horizontally into the hill-
sides? Mining after coal in Pennsylvania, and
gold in California has clearly illustrated the fact,
that wells may be dug into hillsides or banks, or
bluffs, as well level or horizontally as down per-
pendicularly; so that every unlucky thing falling
into the water becomes a portion of tie contents
of the well. Very many of the dairy farm houses
in the Empire State may be supplied with water
from the hill by means of the artificial fountains
Weare describing. Also dry pastures may have
such wells, and the water gathered in a trough
as naturally as if it had always flowed there.
Much dangerous and severe labor may also be
sayed in drawing the dirt by windlass from the
well. Water so yery troublesome in common
wells, has not to be bailed in the horizontal, as ic
takes cure of itself, The certainty of discovery or
cutting off veins of water is greater with the hori-
zontal well than the perpendicular, if it starts in
near the base of a hill or anywhere as much below
the surface as a common shaft would be likely to
be sunk.
How much labor and cost in bringing springs in
logs or pipes from distant fields, and in the end
only haying secured semi-cold water of not half
the value for the dairy it had at its source, might
have been saved by a trial of the horizontal well.
The California Farmer indorses their efficiency,
and urges farmers to construct them wherever
practicable. Theconstruction is simple and hardly
need be described. When the location is chosen,
let it be so that the course of the well may rise a
few inches as it progresses, that the water, instead
of running in, may run out. Ifit should be sandy
or gravelly and the arch incline to fall, plank must
be used to support it. The labor can be performed
in a wet time or in winter, as the water runs away
from instead of into the work. The dirt is easily
removed with a wheel-barrow. The stoning may
be with an arch in dimensions sufficient for the
entrance of a man or only a drain or gutter to con-
duct the water, J. 8.
Hornby, Steuben Co,, N. Y., 1859.
SHEET-IRON EAVES CONDUCTORS.
Try eye conductors are expensive in first cost,
and soon rust and become unsightly. Their cost
hinders many from providing their houses with
these necessary fixtures of a dwelling well fitted to
beahome, To a considerate extent this expense
may be obviated by using the better sorts of sheet-
ironin placeoftin. Iron may be soldered as well as
tin and form the gutters as well as round conduo-
tors. Toenableironto withstand, without rusting,
the effects of the weather, it should be well painted
with oil and lead, or gas tar, put on while the iron
is a little warmed. Many buildings now needing
these conductors, may have them if the owners
will but hear the experience of others,
Any ingenious person having the use of tools
can make a set of eve gutters answering well the
purpose designed, and if there are no elbows—the
conductors or spouts also. But as iron is not as
readily soldered as tin, we subjoin the modus
operandi, for the benefit of whom it may concern.
Bright iron edges can be soldered, but it is
better to apply either sal-ammoniac or chloride of
zinc to the edges to be soldered. A few pennies
worth of sal-ammoniac will be sufficient, Wet this
and rub it upon the brightened iron; then sprinkle
on rosin and the soldering is as easy as if of tin
Instead of sal-ammoniac, chloride of zinc may be
used, which can be prepared as follows :—“Put
into a phial or bottle a handful of bits of zinc—
old sheet zinc, cleaned, will do—and pouring upon
it half a gill or a gill of muriatic acid (hydro-
chloric acid,) with three or four times as much
water. The cork should be left out until efferves-
cence ceases.” In a few hours it will be fit for
use, and iron wet with it will solder as readily as
if sal-ammoniac was used. It should be put on
with a stick.
We think there is less apology for farmers not
providing cisterns with the cost reduced to that of
iron, as above given, Well painted they will be
more durable than tin, Aqua Fonranta,
Leland, Noy., 1859.
+0+
MAKING CHEESE FROM A FEW COWS.
Ens. Rurat New-Yorker:—Not witnessing
‘any reply to your correspondent on this subject,
and believing that few make the trial, I will yen-
ture to give you my mode, which I have found
satisfactory and successful. Having commenced
afew years since, ignorant of many of the prac-
tical duties ofa farmer’s wife, while seeking for
information I chanced to find in an agricultural
paper an account of a visit by a gentleman to
some of the dairies in Cheshire, England, in
which he describes a small, self-acting press,
from which I gathered sufficient information to
order one made. It is simply a tin can, 28 inches
in circumference, 8 inches deep, pierced full of
small holes, the corner to be fastened by a hinge
on both sides, and hook over on the outside. I
use no other apparatus, except two wooden follow-
ers to fit inside when the curd does not fill the
hoop. From five cows, I make each day a cheese
Weighing ten pounds, after supplying wy family
with milk. Ifyou have not milk sufficient to fill
the press at once, prepare what you have, and put
in the followers placing a small weight, (a stone
Weighing 6 or 8 pounds is sufficient, ora dish of
cold water will do as well,) upon them, and ie
wish to make the full size prepare another q
and add after scarifying the first. In either case
it should be turned over two or three times, and
gently pressed down into the opposite cover. In
this way, and with very little trouble, I have suc-
cessfully supplied my family with good cheese for
the past seven years, A Fanrer’s Wire,
Hartland, Ning, Co,, N. Y., 185%.
Rural Spirit of the Press,
About Winter Barley.
Ix a letter to the Branch County (Mich.) Repuh-
lican, Mr, Jas. Cutsnee, a well known and promi-
nent farmer, thus writes of winter barley :—« The
barley has been grown in this vicinity for the last
three years, and is, consequently, no longer an ex-
periment. With us it has done well in every in-
stance where it has had any chance, general
yield is from twenty to twenty-four bushels to the
acre. Judging from what we have seen of the
grain, it is capable of yielding eighty bushels per
acre. During the past season it has been raised
by the side of spring barley, and has produced
four bushels to one of the spring variety. Mr,
Amos Cutver of this place (Quincy,) has raised
during the past season, sixty bushels per acre on
oat stubble once plowed, or one hundred and
eighty bushels on three acres, andon land that has
been cropped for eight years in succession.”
We think it has decided advantages over spring
barley, viz:—1st, It may be sown after farmers get
through with their hurry in Sowing their winter
wheat. 2d, It may be harvested before wheat is
ripe. 8d, It has no black or false heads, 4th, It
yields two to one, at least. 5th, The insect will
not burt it in the fall, and it is so early that the
weevil will not hurt it.
We are in hopes this barley will prove a substi-
tute for the wheat crop, if we should be obliged to
give up the cultivation of that grain in consequence
of the insects and weevil, which at present threaten
its destruction in Michigan. This variety of bar-
ley should be sown some time between the 15th of
September and the 1st of November, requiring
about two bushels of seed per acre. It will ripen
ten daysearlier than wheat, and leayes the ground
in good condition for that grain,
Raising Stock.
Tr is choice cows, sheep, horses and mules,
says the Field and Fireside, that yield the greatest
returns to skillful husbandmen. The production
of scrubs, or mean stock of any kind, is rather a
mean business, in a pecuniary point of yiew.—
Raise superior animals on rich perrenial grasses,
if you seek a good income from your farm in stock
husbandry. Such animals may obtain part of
their living from unimproved old fields, particu-
larly sheep; but they want good clover and pea
hay in the winter, or hay made from the English
grasses. The most prominent error in stock
growing is the attempt to rear fine hogs, cattle
and sheep on scanty and defective food. Some
want a good deal of meat, milk, or wool, from lit-
tle or nothing. They ask nature to make them
rich, while they lie in the shade in summer, and
sit by the fire in winter, and leave their poor ani-
mals to nearly or quite perish from neglect.
Increasing the Weight of Wool.
Tux Battle Creek (Mich.) Jeffersonian thus
describes a method adopted by some New England
farmers to improve the aggregate weight of the
fleeces of their sheep. “They noted the weight of
fleece of each sheep in the flock; opposite was set
the number of the sheep, a corresponding number
having been branded upon the animal itself at the
time of taking its last clip, This course had been
pursued for some years, and its results were ap-
psrentin a wool crop, brought up from an average
of four pounds to over five, and a corresponding
increase in size and quality of sheep. The prac-
tice had been to slaughter, and otherwise dispose
of all animals ranking lowest in weight of fleece,
and to improve upon the quality of the remainder
by judicious crossing. The crop of this flock was
disposed of at 48 cents per pound, while we were
there, a buck’s fleece bringing the snug sum of $5.”
Preserving Butter.
A patent has been secured by W. Crank, of
London, Eng.,for the following method of presery-
ing butter :—‘ The butter is first well beaten in the
usual manner after churning, then placed between
linen cloths and submitted to severe pressure for
removing whey and water. It is now completely
enveloped or covered with ‘clean white paper,
which is coated on both sides with a preparation
of the white of eggs, in which fifteen grains of salt
is used for each egg. This prepared paper is first
dried, then heated before a fire, or with a hot iron,
just prior to wrapping it round the butter. Itis
stated that the butter may be kept perfectly sweet
without any salt for two months, when thus treat-
ed, if placed in a cool, dry cellar. The submitting
of butter to pressure, as described, is a good plan,
and farmers can easily practice it with a small
cheese-press.””
Hints for the Warmer,
Tue whitewashing-of cattle and horse stalls,
as well as the inside of hog cotes and henneries,
not only renders them more healthy, but prevents
the animals and fowls from being invested with
troublesome and filthy vermin, Keep your stables
and barms well littered, Leaves from the woods
are excellent and absorb the liquid manure well,
besides of themselves they make good manure.
Nothing that will make good manure should be
wasted, but carefully saved. Never undertake to
fat an animal until you have first made it com-
fortable in bed and board. If you wonder why
other people's cattle are gentle, try the discipline
of kind treatment on yours, and you will soon
learn the secret.
Charcoal for Fattening Animals.
Tue Valley Farmer advocates the use of finely
powdered charcoal mixed with the food of fatten-
ing animals, especially hogs, once or twice a week.
It says that it serves*as a medicine, and is also
extremely fattening, either in itself or by render-
ing the food more available by strengthening and
stimulating the digestive powers. We cannot be-
lieve that it is, in itself, nutritious.
Linseed Coke for Heifers.
C. S. Frist, in his new and valuable work,
"Milch Cows and Dairy Farming, says that heifers
fed with a little linseed cake, in addition to their
other fodder, for three months before calving, ac-
quire a larger development of milk vessels, and
yield more milk afterward, than others fed os
usual. He thinks cotton-seed cake would answer
equally well.
: .
Agricultural Miscellany,
eee
Tux Rugar Procerssixo.—Notr
complaints of “hard timos” in oun cme ne
country, we aro daily receiving the moat gratifying
and substantial evidence that the Eleventh ‘olume of
the Rurar will have a far larger ciroulat( an the
Present From the highly complimentary letters and
bandsome remittances reaching us from all Parts of the
Union, Canadas, &c., we are confident no Journal {n
the land has more ardent friends, and we shan
endeavor to make the Runan continuously worthy of
such large and wide appreciation, Among the encour.
aging letters received by the last mail, were two which
attracted attention—one from South Carolina and the
other from Taunton, Mass,—the former volunteering
aid in support of the Rusa, and the other containing
#4 for two years in advance, Though the same mail
brought us letfers from several States and the Canadas,
we leok upon the two cited as the most Rratifying—
showing, as they do, that the Runa is regarded as an
“institution” beth North and Sonth,
————
“Srop My Parer!”—Under date of “Yadkinsville,
N. ©., Nov. 15th, 1859,” a subscriber writes 8 In this
chivalrous wise:—“I see in your Inst paper a long
advertisement for the New York Tribune, a lying,
hell-flred, sectional concern. You can stop my Paper
immediately. I can’t patronize no paper that advertises
for the Tribune,”
— While receiving new subscribers from all parte of
the Union, (the Carolinas not excepted,) and encourag-
ed with the prospect of adding from twenty to thirty
thousand to our preeent circulation within the ensuing
three monthe, such a logical, peremptory and (so far as
one whole subscription Is concerned) perfectly annthi-
lating epietle as the above Is a stanner—a strong dose
of hydropathy for this chill weather! Our truth-loving,
patriotic friend ought to have considered our “feelinks,”
and not “gone and went and done it”—crushing our
fond hopes, and blasting our bright Prospects in such
summary and overwhelming manner, regardless of
the destructive consequences to the future weal of (mot
only the Rugat, but) that portion of the people of this
great “Universal Yankee Nation” who subscribe to
the somewhat obsolete dogmas of tho Declaration of
Independence, and think the “rights guaranteed by the
Constitution” (including free speech to our friend, and
a free press to us,) are not altogether mythical! How-
eyer, We submit to the great pecuniary loss, and severe
shock to our personal dignity and prospects, with be-
coming hnmility—as we have aforetime to similar
dispensations of wrath from both Northern and Southern
fanatics, Meantime, and perhaps forsome time longer,
we shall continue to edit and publish the Ruzan New-
Yorker in such manner as eeemeth to us right and
proper—furnishing the paper at $2 per annum in ad-
vance, and inserting such advertisements (from the
North, South, Eset and West,) as we consider legiti-
mate, at our usual rates! As the present is a good
time to “stop my paper,” we are thus particular in
giving our platform, so that people who “ can't patron-
ize mo paper” that don’t square exactly with their
notions may govern themselves accordingly.
Saary Farms rv Western New Yonk are in de-
mand. We frequently recelye private letters inquring
for such farms, which create mingled feelings of pleas-
ure and regret—pleasure that we live in a region so
desirable, and regret that we are unable to respond
satisfactorily. As samples of these inquiries, we quote
from two letters of recent date, A prominent gentle-
man residing between Utica and Albany, wants what
many have in this section, but what can be rarely pur-
chased, He writes:—I am looking for a small place
(say about 50 acres,) near a railroad station, (half mile
or Zess,) in a Goop FRUIT CovNTRY; tip-top land well set
out with various kinds of fruit; well watered, suf-
ficlently timbered; first rate buildings; in a hoalthy
climate, good society, and near churches and good
schools, Do you know of such a place near Rochester
orin Western New York? I apprehend places like
one I wantare seldom advertised for sale, and thinking
it probable that, from your extensive knowledge of the
country and its inhabitants, you might know of some
place that would suit me, I have ventured to trouble
you. If you know of a place that fits the above
description, or comes very near it, and will have the
goodness to let me know I will come and see it.
Please let me know all the particulars you may be
possessed of (as to price, terms of payment, &¢,,) in
regard to any place you may think will suit. Whatever
trouble or expense you may be to in the matter, I will
cheerfally recompense you for, as, having been for
forty years a resident of this snowy, cold and almost
fruitless country, I am apxious to quit for a better.”
[If any one has such a place to dispose of, we will, on
notification, cheerfully advise our correspondent.)
A subscriber in Olsego Co,—Mr. W. J. Atkins of
Cherry Valley—writes us as follows:—‘* Permit me to
inquire through your vsluable Rug where I can
obtain a cheap grain and dairy farm in Western New
York. One with comfortable buildings, and as level a5
may be, preferred. Any such information will be
thankfully received,” &o.
Give te Prices.—If those who advertise farms,
implements, &c,, would state the prices, it would save
trouble and expense of correspondence, and otherwise
facilitate trade, Many people would readily pur-
chase an article if the price were named, but would
never write for information. We occasionally receive
complaints from distant subscribers on this subject, and
have heretofore requested our advertising friends to
“yeform it altogether.” A letter just received from a
subscriber in St, Clair Co., Mich., says:—“I on nota
little surprised, after your giving the word of caution,
to see so many new implements advertised in your
paper and no price attached to them, How are we,
who live 500 or 1,000 miles from the place where an
article is made, ever to learn the price, and how does
the vender know how many would buy if they only
knew the price? Without this no man expects to buy.
L have been in hopes of finding in the Rumat, as take
no other agricultural paper, a straw cutter, the price of
which might correspond with my means; and now I
rather supposed I had found the one, but no price 8
given.”
Kansas Wueat Anp Ao, Farr.—Tho local of the
Rochester Zwpreas (who has epent a year or two in
Kansas) says, in alate number :—“A gentleman recently
returned from Kansas, yesterday exhibited to us # 6am-
ple of winter wheat, grown In the vicinity of ae
It is a very white, plump seed, and the specimen shown
us was from a crop yleld{ug thirty bushels a ce
and weighing sixty-flye pounds to the bus! le
past season has been yery profitable to Ea,
The first Agricultural Fair ever hold tn t nes 7 7
came off at Lawrence, on the 6th and 7h of Sep|
asonted, and the Society
parts of the Territory were repre Rich
is now organized upon a permanent basis,
scent lottor Mr, Joszen RB. Dewey,
Oe Ca Oa en The two last weeks of
Sie eet ‘vite made from two cows fifty-two
aston of good butter, and we used what milk ane
cream was wanted in a family of four persons, 0
cow {s native, and one half Durham,”
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
PRUNING AND TRAINING THE VINE-No, I.
Ox the first page of this number will be found
an engraving showing a system of pruning and
training the vine, called the Zhomery system,
from the name of the village near Paris where it
has been practiced for more than a century, with
results that have given it a world-wide celebrity.
This system was designed for foreign grapes,
which bear and in fact require closer praning than
our natives, for the production of good fruit, The
object sought is to cover an entire trellis, of any
required dimensions, uniformly with wood and
fruit, in such a way as to produce the greatest
amount of the best quality, for a great number of
yeors—in fact, indefinitely, without injury te the
vine. At Thomery the vines are trained to trel-
lises screened by walls, only about cight feet in
height, but we have seen in some of the cities of
Europe the entire front of tall city buildings coy-
ered with vines by the same system of training,
atid for this purpose it might be well adopted in
this country. Our barns may be covered with
vines, by simply protecting the trunks, and the
branches be entirely out of the reach of cattle,
and the froit secure from the poultry. For cover-
ing the fronts of buildings in cities itis admirably
adapted. Dr. Grant, of whom we obtained en-
gravings and descriptions, says :—‘‘ I have, during
the past twelve years, on the south side of my
dwelling, trained vines that have borne profusely,
and ripened their fruit nearly or quite two weeks
earlier than those in the garden, not more than one
hundred feet distant. The house is on the line of
the street, and the border occupies the entire walk,
twelve feet in width, Before planting, the ground
was trenched three feet deep, and abundantly
enriched with stable manure and wood ashes
thoroughly mingled with the soil or rather gravel.
Flagging was laid, and it has received no enrich-
ment since, nor bas any apparently been needed.
The lower fruit-bearing courses are about twelve
feet above the walk to avoid depredation. Aside
from the great quantity of superior fruit yielded,
we have been indebted to our vines for a most
beautiful and delightfully cooling shade, for which,
I think, no vine can excel the grape. The best
situation for the vine is often overlooked.”
The direct end to be aimed at we will suppose to
be the covering a trellis, like that represented in
the plate, with besring-wood that will produce a
crop of fruit like that shown at 4, (sce plate,) on
first page. Dy this system, instead of allowing a
vine to bear at different elevations, the bearing-
wood is confined to the same elevation, which is a
great advantage, for it is difficult to make vines
produce good bearing wood through a great per-
pendicular height,
Fioune 5,
At one end of the trellis (see first page) is a
strong post, around which wires are fastened. To
keep the post upright it must be braced, but the
bracing is not shown, At the other end little
portions of wire are shown, designated by figs. 1
and 2. The portions of the vine lying along (2) and
sustained in place by it are called arms, Those
shoots fastened towards the tops to the wires (1)
are called the courses, (cordons,) and on 4 are seen
properly loaded with fruit, but represented without
the leaves, for when the leaves are in place, very
little of the fruit is visible. The figure 3 indicates
the standards from which the arms are taken,
The one nearest to the post and the fifth furnish
arms for the lower courses. The second and the
sixth furnish arms for the upper courses, The
third and the seventh for second courses from the
top. The fourth and eighth for the remaining
courses, which completes the system, which, when
loaded with fruit, will all be like the one desig-
nated by 4.
Tt will be observed that the shoots upon the
arms which constitute the courses are alternately
in pairs and single. In proning, to make single
Ficore 2.
Ones grow pairs or two shoots from one spur, cut
above the first good bud, and that will give two
shoots, one, and the bearing-one, from the well-
developed bud, and the other from a bud scarcely
visible on the vine, and too small to be shown in
the engraving. The shoot from the latter will not
be certain to bear fruit; at its base will be formed
a bud that will fruit, and then the shoots will be
established.
To prune the double shoots, cut the upper one
off by cutting the spur just above the origin of the
lower shoot, and then cut the lower shoot at two
buds, by these means the spurs will always remain
short. This plan is perfectly adapted to renewal
yearly, biennially, or triennially, as may be found
expedient, or to suit the views of the proprietor.
To renew yearly, double shoots should be always
grown, and the one from the upper bud only suf-
fered to produce the fruit. To renew biennially, or
triennially, grow alternately as shown in plate,
and the method of proceeding is too obyious to
require explanation. By recurring to fig, 5, the
manner of cutting will be apparent,
Whatever system is pursued in training the
vine must be commenced early, when the vine is
young. Itis almost impossible to bring an old
vine into any desired form. The first season only
one shoot should be suffered to grow, and that
should be trained to an upright stake set into the
ground at the time of planting. The tying should
be so frequently done as to keep the shoot always
upright. If suffered to bend over, the strength
will go to the formation of secondary shoots that
spring out in the axils of the leaves, at the
junction of the footstalk of the leaf with the main
shoot, and are called laterals. (See Fig. 1, ats.)
These laterals should be all taken off at one leaf
(see s) as soon as they have made a length of three
leaves, as the strength that goes into them is
taken from the leeves of the main shoot while
they give back but little to the formation of root
or to the general strength of the plant.
At the time for pruning, which we will suppose
the month of February for the present, this shoot
should be cut back to the lowest well-developed
bud, which will be near the ground, and the same
course of tying and removing laterals pursued as
directed the previous year. Ifthe vine is a very
strong one, it will show bloom for three bunches
of fruit, which may be suppressed or suffered to
go on to maturity according to the strength of the
vine. If the vine is of the strongest character,
and of prolific habit, fruit may be had the first
season and two sboots grown the second season,
as will be hereafter shown ; but a strong one must
be grown before attempting to grow two. A,
figure 1, is a vine of one upright shoot, as a
strong vine should be at the end of the second
Season; s, Sis a lateral springing from the axil of
a leaf that has been twice pinched at one leaf each
time, first ats, and second ats’. Every bud on
the shoot had a “lateral” that received similar
treatment, or perhaps that required pinching o
third time. a, b, c, d, e, are the points at whichit
may be cut to fit it for the Thomery system, os
on first page; x and x are two shoots at the
end of the third season, whose treatment has been
the same as was that of A during the second
Season, x, x, represents the same shoots laid
down for arms, four feet leng each way from the
standard; on the left but a portion of the arm is
shown from deficiency of size of plate, On the left
below, two shoots, one double and one single, of
the lower course are shown, by dotted lines grow-
ing outofarmx,x. In like manner, arms might
have been taken at b, c, d, ore, as indicated by
the faint lines showing where shoots might have
been, instead of at a.
For a single system only one pair of arms are
taken from one vine; at the height of b, another
pair are taken from another vine, and so on, as at
c,andd,ande. The shoots spring from one bud
on each side, and all of the other buds are rubbed
og. Ifs donble system is required, so that the
Standards may not be inconyeniently near to each
other, two sets ofarms are taken ; we may snppose
one setatd,and another ate, or if desirable at a |
much greater height; but if at a greater elevation
than ate, another year will be required for the
Preparation of the cane fora standard. It may be
remarked that the long growth of one year is
called a shoot. Ifit is for the next season, cnt
short—that is, the length td one or two buds—it
=
arc lt
Fiavre 1.
is called a spur; if the length of a foot or more, it
is called a cone. After the Second year the cane
becomes a standard. (See plate on first page
where the standards support the arms at different
elevations, and the arms support the “cordons,”
or courses, on which the fruit is borne.) Figs.
2and 3 are elegant methods of growing vines on
stakes, and suitable for the garden. Fig. 4 is the
German method of making bows, and is suitable
for vineyard or garden, and Fig. 5 is a short spur
and renewal plan, well adapted for gardens. At
the stage shown in the plate, it is supposed to be
fourteen years old. H, below, marks the third or
perbaps the fourth year; and at H, above, each suc-
ceeding year is marked, adding a spur and two
shoots on each side yearly, or rather each year
adding a shoot on each side, and at the same time
conyerting the previous year’s shoots into spurs,
each bearing two shoots. Every shoot is supposed
to bear three bunches of grapes, and every shoot
alternately by pruning becomes a spur, bearing
two shoots, and every spur is alternately renewed,
so that it may be called a biennial short spur
renewal system. For the garden this is quite
ornamental, and in skillful hands will work
admirably ; but is far less simple than that shown
on first page, and if for want of care or skill the
lower spurs be lost, the loss may be considered
final,
All systems suppose one upright shoot to be
provided, as at A, to start from at the beginning
of the third season, except in case of layers of
remarkable vigor, when the course of training
may be commenced at the beginning of second
season.
—
Coronep Prates oF Fruits np Frowers,—
D. M. Dewey, of this city has for several years
been engaged in getting up colored plates of
Fruits and Flowers, for the use of nurserymen
and their agents, These plates are used to show
the size, color, &c., of the different varieties of
fruits, to those who wish to buy trees, for the
purpose of aiding them in making their selec-
tions. A bad representation ofa fruit, like a bad
portrait, is worthless, indeed worse than worth-
less, a poor caricature, either deceiving or dis-
gusting those to whom they are exhibited, accord-
ing to their knowledge of what a true representa-
tion would be. Most of the colored plates given
in horticultural journals in this country, or sold at
the bookstores, are but miserable daubs, got up to
sell, and though often solicted we haye never
been able conscientiously to say a word in their
favor. To-day, Mr. Dewey exhibited to us
8 large collection got up for a nurseryman
in Missouri, with which we were pleased, for they
exhibited a marked improvement. Some of the
plates were very good. Mr. D., has now over
hundred different varieties, with which he
a supply those who may wish to purchase. We
are glad to notice an improvement in this depart-
ment, where it was so much needed.
Abont half the matter prepared and in type fer
this department we are compelled to omit, for
want of room.
Inquiries and Answers.
Avragas Frrezrxo, &c.—Will you please inform me
how I sball preserve my altheas from freezing down
every winter? What kind of cans is best to preserve
frait? Can frult, such as strawberries, be preserved in
a fresh state, or must they be cooked /—Jannte, Lysan-
dor, N. ¥., 1889,
Pavustno late in the summer so as to check
their growth, and ripen the wood, would per-
haps effect the object. The only objection to this
is, that the Althea blossoms late in the season.
Immediately after the flowers begin to fail, prone
up your plants pretty close, removing a good
Portion of the present season’s growth. Covering
with a few evergreen bushes, such as the Arbor
Vitw, would afford abundant protection, and these
may be so arranged as to look well in the garden.
The double white variety is the most¢ender. The
single varieties are generally more hardy, and not
less beantiful. Almost any of the jars or cans
that can be readily sealed so as to exclude the air
are good for preserving fruit, which must be
heated to nearly the boiling point, and sealed
when hot. Strawberries are somewhat diflicult to
preserve, as though they keep without “working,”
they ore apt to lose their flavor.
\
Arriz Axp Cierny Gxaris.—Will you please state,
tbrough the columns of the Runa, when is the best
time for cutting grafts of the apple, pear, plam and
cherry, and how they should be preserved till set?
Also, will cuttings of grape vines grow if cut in the
fall, and how should they be treated till spring?—S,
Otsego, N. ¥., 1859.
Gnarrs and cuttings may be cut at any leisure
time during the winter. Preserve them in dry
sand in the cellar, or they may be buried in any
dry, sandy situation.
Season ror Prantingo Eyengrern Hences.—(S.
M.,, Wiles, Mich.)—The autumn will answer, if the
next winter is favorable, but for several winters
past fall planted evergreens have ’suffered terribly
by the cold, dry winds, causing in many cases
total destruction, Late spring planting, in our
opinion, is the best.
Avrre Roots ror Grartinc—Grarrixc Paver.
—(J. W.S., Little Valley, N. ¥.)—The roots of
old trees are not used by nurserymen. Obtain
young seedlings, which can be had cheap of al-
most any nurseryman. A thin Manil/a paper is
used for grafting paper. The grafting wax is
heated and put on witha brush. When cold the
paper is cut into strips fit for use.
Rose Currore, &c.—(M. M., ¥York.)—The new
Toses are raised from seed, principally by French
Florists. Phlox Drummondii is an annual, it is
not worth while to try and keep it longer, than
possible in the garden. The perennial Phloxes
you can obtain in the spring of nurserymen, and
Drummondii, if sown early in a warm situation,
will be in flower late in June. Farsons on the
Rose can be obtained at the bookstores for 75 cents,
©. M. Saxtox, N. Y., is publisher,
Sunumer Boncunetsen Pearn.—(G. W. B., Lake-
ville, WV. ¥.)—Is a very old variety, ond is the
common summer pear of Europe. The fruit is
large, well-shaped, though irregular; skin yellow,
with an orange blush on the sunny side; flesh
Yellow, coarse, very juicy and sweet, but with no
flavor. Ripe here about first of September, some-
times a little earlier. Liable to crack in some
localities,
How[rto Keep Onxron ‘‘Sets.’”—We have kept
our onion seed, or sets, (as they are called here,)
by simply putting them in a box, covering with
straw and dirt, as we do our potatoes. They
come out in good condition, if put up dry and
taken out early in the Spring, as they are liable to
sprout if left in the ground late—C. G., Purke
Co,, Ind., 1859.
++
Auten County (Ixp,) Hort, Socrery.—Ofilcers for
the ensuing year:
President—J. D, G. Nerson.
Vice-Presidents—Thomas Covington, M. W. Hux-
ford,
Treasurer—O. W. Jeffords,
Secretary—H. O. Grey.
This Society was organized the present season.
Weekly meetings are held for the purpose of discussing
Horticultural matters,
Dwanr Proxiric Oxra.—Some six years ago, a
lady friend sent us a few seed of the dwarf okra,
since which we have cultivated no other varicty,
and we are quite sure any one trying it will never
plant any other kind. It grows only from two to
three feet high, bears an immense long pod, and
fruits from the ground to the end of each limb.
We are surprised so little is known of it South,
We sent a few seeds of it, a few years ago, to
Messrs. J. M. Thorburn & Co., New York, and
this season received an order from them to raise
five bushels of seed expressly for them. The ad-
yantage of the Dwarf Okra over the common
kind is in the small quantity of wood fibre or
stalk, and the great proportion of pods or fruit.
Roasted okra seeds make a good substitute for
coffee, and where the dwarf kind is cultivated
expressly for seed, thirty or forty bushels may be
raised from one acre.— Cotton Planter.
+++
Love or GarpENING AMONG THE Poon. —The
lower classes in our great cities, (says the Leisure
Hour,) have more affection for the garden and its
floral produce than the class immediately above
them. Perhaps the money-making habit is not
favorable to the cultivation of simple tastes and
the love of (in a pecuniary sense) the unprofitably
beautiful. However that may be, we know itisa
fact that in many a trading house of no menn pre-
tensions, the in-door garden is confined to the
basement floor, and the flowers and greenery
which are ignored and banished from the parlor
and the drawing-room, will take refuge in the
' Eps. Rurat New-Yorxen:—Inoticed an inquiry
in relation to Washing flannels, and as an answer,
I send the following :—Make a hot suds with good
soft soap, put in the flannels and let them lic a few
minutes, then wash thoroughly with the hands.—
Have ready some boiling water, (soft is best,) dis-
solve a little blueing, or indigo, and pour on it
sufficient of the hot water to cover the goods, put
them in and let them remain until cool enough to
wring. Dry in the air, and iron when slightly
damp. Iron on the right side. 1 bave followed
this mode for years, and it has never failed to
make them appear like new, even when almost
entirely worn out.
Broiixo Berrsreax.—Bruise till very tender,
then put over a good bed of coals for a few min-
utes. When cooked a little, take it off, dredge
slightly with flour, and butter will finish the work-
ing, then add half a cup of cold coffee to the gravy,
and you will find a gravy good enough for any of
your “leige lords.”
Cream Cooxtes.—One cop of sugar; 1 of thick
sour milk; 1 teaspoon saleratus; mix very soft
and bake in a quick oven.
Iwould also like to know through yourcolumns
how to color woolen goods a dark blue, (that will
not fade,) also how to color brown or drab?
SL Joseph, Mich. 1859, M. E, Sreexrxo,
DYEING HATS AND FEATHERS,
To Dye Straw Bonnets Blacks.—Suppose there are
two bonnets to dye, one leghorn and one straw.
Put an ounce sulphate of iron into a vessel with
two gallons of water; make the liquor boil; then
put in the bonnets, and let them boil for one hour,
Then tnke out the bonnets, and hang them on a
pegtodry. When dry, rinse them in cold water.
This part of the process of dyeing is called mor-
danting, the liquor being termed the mordant.
After the bonnets are thus mordanted, the mordant
must be poured out of the boiling vessel, and two
gallons of clean water made to boil in its place;
into that liquor put halfa.pound of gall nuts—
broken—and half a pound of logwood, together
with the bonnets, and allow the whole again to boil
for one hour. Then take them out of the hot
liquor, and hang them to dry as before, when they
willbe of dusky brown-black color. Chip bonnets,
as arule, do not require so long a time as straw,
because the chip takes the dye easier. The final
Process is to size or stiffen the bonnets, and put
them into shape. This operation requires two
ounces of best glue, put into two quarts of cold
water overnight, and next day completely dis-
solved by boiling. When the glueis melted, strain
the liquor—then called size—into an earthen ves-
sel. Into this put the bonnets one at a time, till
thoroughly soaked. When the bonnets are taken
out of the liquor all superfluous size must be
sponged off. They are then brought into shape
as they gradually dry, or they may be dried on a
block. After this sizing process the color of the
dye is improved, and becomes black as jet,
kitchen. The conservatory may be stored with
old boxes and packing-cases, but Betty has a box
of fragrant Mignonette in the scullery window,
and a bouncing Geranium outside the sill of her
bed-room.
To Clean and Re-Dip Black Feathers—Feathers
that have become rusty in color may thus be re-
stored :—First, well wash the foathers in soap and
water, using the best mottled soap, and the water
scalding hot for the purpose; then thoroughly
rinse in clean water and dry them. Next, take
halfan ounce of logwood, and boil in a quart of
water. When scalding hot, put in the feathers,
and there let them remain till the liquor is cold,
after which rinse them in cold, clean water, and
put them to dry. Finally, rub or brush oyer the
feathers the smallest portion of oil, which simple
operation brings out the glistening jet appearance
in a remarkable manner. If you draw a long
strip of paper between the thumb and a blunt pen-
knife blade, the paper will curl up. Feathers may
be treated in the same way, using only such tender
care as may be expected to be required in “ touch-
ing a feather.”—Scientific American,
MISS MARTINEAU ON COOKERY.
Waar is to be done, for cooking does not come
by nature, nor even ordering a table by observa-
tion? The art must be learnt, like other arts, by
proper instruction. We want, and we must haye, ~
schools of domestic management, now that every
home is not such a school. Mothers can at least
teach their daughters to know one sort of meat
from another, and one joint from another, and in
arougher or more thorough way, what to order
in the everyday way and for guests. Thus much,
then, every girl should know, from childhood up-
ward. A little practice of observation in the mar-
kets would soon teach a willing learner to distin-
guish prime articles from inferior kinds, and to
know what fish, flesh, fowl], and fruits are in sea-
son every month in the year, We hayeseen ladies
buying pork under a sweltering summer sun, and
inquiring for geese in January to July, and taking
up with skinny rebbits in May, and letting the
season of mackerel, herrings, salmon, and all man-
ner of fish pass over unused.—Once a Week.
Borrxe Porators,—The Irish method of boiling
potatoes, for obvious reasons, ought to be as good
asany. Here is the practice adopted by many of
that ilk, and not a few besides :—Clean wash the
potatoes and leave the skin on; then bring the
water toa boiland throw them in. As soon a3
boiled soft enough for a fork to be easily thrust
through them, dash some cold water into the pot,
Jet the potatoes remain two minutes, and then pour
off the water. This done, half remove the pot lid,
and let the potatoes remain over a slow fire till the
steam is evaporated; then peel and set them on
the table in an open dish. Potatoes of a good kind
thus cooked, will always be sweet, dry, and mae,
A covered dish is bad for potatoes, as it keeps the
steam in, and makes them soft and watery,—
Conn, Homestead,
‘Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
LINES TO ONE AFAR.
Sorrty moonbesams fall around me,
‘And the stars that gem the sky
Soem to lend their sweetest beauty
From their regal throne on high;
Gentle zephyrs, pure and balmy,
Wander in the leafy tree,
And the soul-subduing stillness
Fondly brings kind thoughts of thee.
Thou hast left the hearts that love thee,
And art roaming far away,
‘Won by the delusive glimmer
Of fame’s bright and golden ray.
Comes there now the olden memory
Of that sad, yet kiod farewell,
And the glance which spoke more plainly
‘Than the lip, or pen, can tell.
Beaming, hopeful, glad and brilliant,
‘Smiling through thy falling tears,
Hope was spreading his broad pintons,
Which to gild thy coming years,
May he build no airy castle,
Which shall doom thee to despair ;
Urge thee onward, ever weaving
For thy youthfal fect a snare,
May thy heart know naught of sorrow,
But remain as pure as now;
Trathfal, trusting, kind and loving,
When bright laurels deck thy brow,
‘We have met and we bave parted,
And forever it may be,
Bat my heart will fondly cherish,
Many loving thoughts of thee.
South Danby, N. Y., 1859, Many A. B,
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
THE GARDEN ON THE ROCK.
Beautirut was that cluster of roses I held in
my hand,—the centre one fully unfolded in all its
delicate loveliness, the shining dewdrops clinging
to its leaves, as if loth to quit such sweet company.
Surrounding the perfect blossom clustered a coro-
nal of buds, the soft blush of their closed petals
smiling through the mossy covering which the
grateful angel once bestowed upon the hospitable
rose. I seated myself on the old flat rock beneath
the birches, which was the favorite termination
of my morning walks. How peaceful was the
scene around me—ever new, ever charming to my
partialeye. To my right lay a fertile meadow,
in which the mowers were laying low the balmy
clover, its fragrance mingling with that of the
roses I held in my hands. The little stream
wound with o graceful curye around the rock
forming my seat, and wandered on with pleasant,
murmuring sound, towards the old mill, the walls
of which I could just distinguish between the
maple-crowned hills which rose in the east,—the
robins and orioles darted lightly through the ait,
giving out, everand avon, sweet snatches of song,—
such songs as always lead me to think of “harps
of gold,” and the “better land.”
Thus I sat, drinking in the inspiration of the
scene, when the faint perfume stealing up from
my neglected roses recalled my attention to them.
They had been given me by a poor woman, whose
cottage I had passed in my morning walk. Glanc-
ing across the stream to her garden, from which
she had culled this floral gem for me, I thonght
that the little story connected with it might prove
a salutary lesson to many, who, surrounded by
difficulties, are ready to faint by the wayside,
leaving the cherished purposes of their hearts
unaccomplished.
Mrs. C. was poor, afid she had not only the ills
of extreme poverty to contend with, but that, also,
which is far more bitter to the sensitive heart,—
the disgrace of an idle, dissolute husband, who,
though never absolutely abusive, was such an
intolerable idler, that nothing but the fierce call
of his depraved appetite induced him to perform
8 day’s Jabor,—for strong drink would he work
and for nothing else. His poor wife,—whom be
tad solemnly promised to ‘cherish and protect,”—
‘bad a sorry time of it; procuring food for the
family, and coarse but whole attire for herself and
three little ones, occupied nearly all her hours.
The house in which she lived had been deeded to
herself and children by her father before his
death, so that she was certain of an humble shelter
through her life, —¢/is one comfort alone was
secure from the insatiate clutch of the dram-seller.
1t was situated on a small, low point of land,
round which flowed the little stream, and in spring
and fall was always inundated. Her longing eyes
often rested upon it, with the unspoken wish that
it lay above high-water-mark, and thought what a
nice garden she then might have. With her the
wish was destined to be fulfilled,—she was pa-
tient, courageous, and, with all her hard lot,
hopeful.
All through the long days she toiled at the
wash-board or the ironing table, and when her
little ones had lisped the evening prayer her
Christian heart had taught them, and her idle bus-
band was sleeping the heavy sleep of the drunkard,
she stole out to the hard task which she had
assigned to herself for the coming year. First
she gathered stones which the thrifty farmer had
drawn from his meadow and thrown down by the
Stream, and built the foundation, placing the
large ones at the bottom, wedging with smaller
ones, and closely packing with gravel which she
scooped from the bed of the stream. Very hard
work it was for her poor, tired hands; very slow
and toilsome to gather the soil which was placed
in sufficient depth to make her garden productive,
but after months of patient toil she had the satis-
faction of finding herself in possession of ‘a
garden spot” above the washing of the spring and
autumn floods, Many a comfortable meal did she
gather for herself and little ones from that
_ “garden on the rock;” but precious as every inch
was to her, the sweet love of the beautiful,—which
neither poverty nor disgrace nor toil could blight
in her heart,—prompted her to devote a little
corner to the lingering remains of a once Eden
bloom,—the smiliog stars of earth, the fragrant
flowers.
Those roses arestillin my possession,—withered
and brown they are, yet, a3 L open the time-stained
envelope which holds them, a faint perfume, like
the sweet voice of the olden time, steals up from
them, and whispers a lesson of courage and hope.
When weary with the battle of life,—when my
hands would fain fold themselves from the seem-
ingly fruitless toil, and the sad soul faints for the
“hope deferred,” [look on those withered remains
of beauty, and my heart feels encouraged and my
hands nerved anew for the conflict. Ob, thou
who art sitting sadly down by the rocky wayside,
bitterly weeping that there is naught of joy for
thee here,—who art looking into thine own heart
and finding it turned, by the coldness of the world
and worldly friends, to an almost pulseless stone,
think of that poor mother’s ‘garden on the rock”
and take courage. Patiently gather the rich soil
of daily duties cheerfully performed, — plant
therein the seeds of heavenly love and trust,—
water them with penitential tears, and thou shalt
yet gather the reward of thy labor in plants which
shall bud in promise, bloom in beauty, and crown
the riper years of life with the rich fruits of honor
and usefulness. Thus mayest thou obtain for thine
own self a “Garden on the Rock,” which shall
raise its fruitful front high above the dashing
waves of adversity,—thus mayest thou have a
slight foretaste of the precious fruits, hanging
forever rich, forever fair, on the tree of Everlast-
ing Life, which grow in the Garden of our Lorp.
Enst Henrietta, N. Y., 1859. E. 8, T,
THE HEROISM OF COMMON LIFE,
Grace Greenwoop is a “hero worshiper” of a
rather uncommon type, aud in her search after
heroic men and women, has sought for examples
where, perhaps, few would expect to find them.
That she hasajust and Catholic idea of what real
heroism is, we think it will be proyen by the fol-
lowing extract from the Boston lecture:
“The heroism of private life, the slow, unchron-
icled martyrdoms of the heart, who shall remem-
ber? Greater than any knightly dragon-slayer of
old is the man who overcomes an unholy passion,
sets his foot upon it, and stands serene and strong
in virtue. Grander than Zenobia is the woman
who struggles with a love that would wrong
another or degrade her own soul, and conquers.
The young man, ardent and tender, who turns
from the dear Jove of woman, and buries deep in
his heart the sweet instinct of paternity, to devote
himself to the care and support of sged parents or
an unfortunate sister, and whose life is a long sac-
rifice, in manly cheerfulness and majestic com-
plaint, is a hero of the rarest type—the type
Charles Lamb. I have known but two such. The
young woman who resolutely stays with fathor and
mother in the old home, while brothers and sisters
go forth to happy homes of their own, who cheer-
fully lays upon the altar of filial duty that cost-
liest of human sacrifices, the joy of loving and
being loved—she is a heroine. I have known
many such. The husband who goes home from
weary routine and the perplexing cares of busi-
ness with a cheerful smile and a loving word to
his invalid wife; who brings not against her the
grevious sin of a long sickness, and reproaches
her net for the cost and discomfort thereof; who
sees in her languid eye something dearer than
girlish laughter, in the sad face and faded cheeks
that blossom into smiles and even blushes at his
coming, something lovelier than the old time-
spring roses—he is a hero, I think I know one
such,
The wife who bears her partin the burden of
life—even though it be the larger part—brayely,
cheerily, never dreaming that she isa heroine,
much less a martyr; who bears with the faults of
a husband not altogether congenial with loving
patience and a large charity, and with a noble
decision hiding them from the world—who makes
no confidants and asks vo confidence, who refrains
from brooding over short-comings in sympathy
and sentiment, and from seeking for perilous
‘aflfinities,’; who does not build high tragedy sor-
rows on tho inevitable, nor feel an earthquake in
every family jar; who sees her husband united
with herself indissolubly and eternally in their
children—she, the wife in every truth, in the
inward as in the outward, is a heroine, though of
rather an unfashionable type.”’
—
CHILDISH DAYS,
Days of illimitable faith! were they indeed
mine! How glad am I to have known them!
Not all that we resign, do we regret to have pos-
sessed, Very singular and yery pleasing to me is
the remembrance of that simple piety of childhood,
of that prayer which was said so punctually, night
aod morning, kneeling by the bedside. What did
I think of, guiltless then of metaphysics,—what
image did I bring before my mind as I repeated
my learnt petition with scrupulous fidelity? Did
I see some venerable form bending down to
listen? Did He cease to look and listen when I
had said it all? Half prayer, half lesson, how
difficult itis now to summon it back again! But
this I know, that the bedside where I knelt to this
morning and evening devotion, became sacred to
meas analtar, I smile asI recall the innocent
Superstition that grew up in me, that the prayer
must be said kneeling just there. If, some cold
winter's night, I had crept into the bed, thinking
to repeat the petition from the warm nest itself—it
would not do!—it was felt in this court of
conscience to be “‘an insufficient performance;”
there was no sleep to be had till I had risen, and
bed-gowned as I was, knelt at the accustomed
place, and said it all over again from the begin-
ning to the end, Mo day I never see the
little clean white bed in which a child is to sleep,
but I see also the figure of a child kneeling in
prayer at its side. And I, for the moment am
that child. No high altar, in the most sumptuous
church in Christendom, could prompt my knee to
bend like that snow white coverlet, tucked in for a
child’s slumber,— Thorndale.
——___+e-—___\|_
Panavise is always where love dwells. — Jean
Paul Bichter.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
WINTER'S SONG,
BY GEO, A. UWAMILTON,
Hens ia Winter, bright and gay,
Asking for a cheerful lay —
‘That the scenes of Winter timo,
Be rchearsed io measored rhyme;
Cheerliy on each season glides,
Now ’tis snow,
Choeks aglow,
‘Timo of bells and sleighs and rides!
Here is Winter, oarth {s bright,
Mantled In a robe of white—
Bracing air, clear and cold,
Quichening pulse of young and old;
Now bring out the pleasure sleigh,
Fast or slow,
Echo, ho!
Jingle go the bells to-day!
Winter comes with joyfal token
Of each cheerful heart out-spoken—
@bristmas, with its merry gladness,
New Years, with more hope than sadness;
Let the bells ring out their chime,
Heart aud voice
Again rejoice,
Welcome still the Winter time,
Winter comes with cares and Joys,
Labor, study, books and toys;
Winter evenings, what a treaguro!
Home a scene of social pleasure,
Or out in the moon’s fair light,
Horse and sleigh,
Then away,
Jingle go the bells to-night!
Here is Winter—don't forget
There are poor and needy yot;
To the sorrowing still be kind,
Think of those by pain confined ;
Winter comes most bleak and drear
Tothe needy,
Help the needy!
Not forget them with a tear,
Winter, too, with leisure hours,
Arms the gon! with higher powers —
Time for reading, time for thought,
Hours with our improvement franght—
‘Thus glides round each busy year,
Calm and storm,
Cold and warm,
And eternity {s here,
South Butler, N. Y., 1859.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
COWLEY AND MILTON.
Cowxey’s “Complaint” displays not only his
ingenuity as a writer, but also considerable of his
characterasaman. While we admire his tact in
the production of this poem, we cannot help being
surprised at the circumstances that gave rise to
it. It, is in fact, a dunning letter to His Majesty
Cuartes II., who, it seems, had neglected to re
ward the poet according to the expectations he had
raised. The King was under obligations to him,
and Cowrey had reason to expect a share in his
favors. Not only was he the most popular poet in
England at the time of which we write, but he was
a zealous advocate of loyalty, and while yet at
college connected himself with the old cavalier
party, He accompanied the queen to France,
when she was obliged to leaye England on account
of the civil war, and it was chiefly through his in-
strumentality that a correspondence was kept up
batween the King and his wife. His nights as
well as days were sometimes occupied with their
letters. So we are told in a brief account of his
life in a collection of the “British Poets.” No
doubt he thought he should resp some reward for
his exertions, but it seems Curves forgot all
about the poet in the crowd of applicants for
Kingly favor. Cow ey, however, determined to
refresh his memory. Hence the “ Complaint.”
He represents himself as encountering the muse,
who begins at once to reproach him for so long
neglecting the lyre, and wandering “unto courts
and cities.”
“Art thon returned at last said she,
To this forsaken place and me?
Thon prodigal! who did’st so loosely waste
Of all thy youthful years the good estate:
Art thou retura’d here, to repent too late,
And gather husks of learning up at last,
Now the rich harvest-time of life Is past,
And winter marches on so fast?”
She passes from reproaches to taunting him with
the little reward he had received for his toils,
‘Go, renegade! cast up thy account,
And see to what amount
Thy foolish gains by quitting me;
Tho sale of knowledge, fame and liberty,
Pho fruits of thy unlearned spostacy.
Thou though’st, if once the public storm were past,
All thy remaining life would sunshine
Behold! Tho publlo storm is spent at last,
‘The sovereigns tost at sea no more,
And thon, with all the noble company,
Art got at last to shore,
But whilst thy fellow yoyagers I see
All march’d up to possess the promis’ land,
Thou still alone, alas! dost gaping stand
Upon the naked bench, upon the barren sand.”
After she concludes her reproaches, he under-
takes to excuse himself, and defend his royal mas-
ter. In the closing verse he turns her taunts
against the Muse, herself, thus:
“Teach me not, then, 0, thou fallaclous muse,
Tho court and better king to accuse.
The heaven under which I live if fair,
The fertile soil will a fall harvest bear;
Thine, thine is all the barrenness ; If thou
Makest me sit still and sing when I should plow.”
Ca OFS sah eo Ce VSL HTS 2
“Kings have long hands, they say; and though I be
So distant, they may reach at length to me, *
However, of all princes, thou
Shouldat not reproach rewards for being small or slow ;
Thou! who rewarded but with popular breath,
And that, too, after death,”
The poem displays considerable genius and wit,
Whether it had any effect on the King is uncer-
tain. We are told, however, that through the in-
fluence of some of his nobleman Cowxer obtained
a-lease of a farm at Chertrey, by which his income
was raised to about three hundred pounds per an-
num, It was here that he died.
It is said the fame of Cowxer is dying away,—
At the time of his death, he was preferred to Mrx-
TON,—nDow a comparison between the two ishardly
to be thought of. The fame of the author of
“Paradise Lost” has been of slow growth, but it
promises to endure. Even a short glimpse, either
at their productions or their memories, shows that
the two men were very unlike. Mixon was a firm
supporter of the rights of the people. He wasa
man of principle. Whichever way the popular
tide might turn, it never could move Mittow from
his adherence to right, Cowtry was a flaming
royalist, and a flatterer of the King. Whether
principle or policy governed him in his zeal for
his party, the reader must judge for himself. At
one time he wrote a comedy which was construed
by the cayaliers into a satire on them. This
would seem to indicate that his principles were
movable, to say the least.
But there is also a great differenco in the spirit
of their writings. In reading Minton we feel that
the author was raised above the belittleing con-
cerns of self, and inspired with the greatness of
his theme. We cannot say this of Cowrey. The
opening lines in his poem entitled “The Motto,”
explain the tone of his poetical writings, better
than a page of analysing and describing would
do it.
“What shall I do to be furever known,
And make the age to come my own?”
We eae tar lah Pa oe
“YetI muston. What sound is’t strikes mine ear?
Sure I fame's trumpet here.”
This poem, taken together, is pleasing, especially
the closing lines,
“Tell me ye mighty Three!* what shall I do
To be like one of you?
But you have climb’d the mountain top, there eit
On the calm flourishing head of it,
And, whilst with wearled steps we upward go,
Sce us and clouds below.”
What a different spirit breathes in these lines
from that of Mrurox’s Invocation at the beginning
of ‘Paradise Lost.”
“What In me is dark
Tumine; what is Jow, ralse and support,
That, to the height of this great argument,
I may assert eternal Providence
And justify the ways of God to man,”
Dignity and humility mingle in these lines —
They manifesta forgetfulness of self, and a mind
raised above the mere thought of securing fame.
Men should not be too anxious to erect monuments
to self. They live to the most purpose who seek
to make their works worthy to endure, regardless
of the smiles or frowns of the world. Enduring
fame is rarely bestowed on those who are the most
intent on gaining it, The goddess of fame may
smile upon them for a time, but she soon wearies
of their want of manliness and spurns them from
her presence. Minerva Ospurn,
Buuler, Milwaukee Co., Wis., 1859,
* Aristotle, Cicero and Virgil.
JACK FROST.
Tuere is a mellow ring in this “elegant ex-
tract,” which befits the mellow days of Autumn:
“Mr. Jack Frost does but kiss the chaste face
of Nature, and behold! how she blushes in the
maple, the woodbine, and oak, and turns all man-
ner of colors in the beech, the linden, the chestnut,
and the elm. How beautifal she looks in her
heightened color! But her brilliant complexion
is, alas! but a hectic—an evidence of frailty—a
precursor of speedy decay. Consumption imparts
this glorious and exquisite loveliness to her coun-
tenance, but the expression is not of this world;
it is celestial, the ushering in of the indescribable
future.
“The beauty of the world is most ravishing,
when first touched by the magical finger of the
frost, which is at once the death-stroke of the
foliage, and a cause of its dying-dolphin splendors.
Thus the sun sheds a lustre over creation, filling
the universe with a flood of light and beauty, as
if to indemnify mankind for the privations of both
during the approaching night. So Nature dresses
herself in her wonderful beauty, as a parting
pledge of her love, and as a memorial for us to
take and to cherish during the sombre days of the
coming winter, when no flowers can blossom, 20
verdure quicken.”—Se/ected.
—_—____ ++ —____
Panties.—The system of giving parties is too
expensiye, and when the thing is pushed beyond
the power of the purse, it becomes a social evil of
the greatest magnitude. No manor woman seems
to be legalized in society unless a cool thousand or
two is spent every season in giving the deaw monde
one of those eternal and never-to-be-forgotten
squeezes. The law must be remedied—it must
be blown up—it must be reformed, It has ruined
its thousands and ten thousands. How many
husbands have to race about, day after day, week
after week, to meet the polite invitations which
the banks issue, and much of this hurry and
trouble isin consequence of the very expensive
system we have referred to, of giving dinner
parties, soirees, kc, &c., It has swelled the list
of baukrupts—ruined the hopes of wives—driven
the deserving upon a merciless world—and filled
families with misery.
——_—__+e+
Tr, ANd iTs Progeny.—If every man was
honest, we need not lock our doors. If everybody
would just mind his own business, there would be
much more business done, If we would only talk
less of other people, other people would see fewer
pumb-skulls. If you charge your servants with
lying, they will soon become liars, if they are not
so already. Ifstudents would read less and think
more, there would be a larger number of great
men in eyery community. If girls now-a-days,
did not become women at thirteen, men would
haye better wives.
_—__—_—_+e2——______
Wirn every child we love, we see deeper into
life, as with every added lons we pierce further
into the sky.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
AMBITION’S DREAM,
BY J, W. DARKER,
Owz day when Juno was on the hills,
And Summer in the vale was smiling,
When loudly sang the silver rills,
And bird and flower the day beguiling;
Down through the window shutter fell
A golden sunbeam, soft and still
It threw its mellow radiance over,
And trembled on the parlor floor,
A little prattler, on whose brow
Bat four sweet springs were gent):
Came dashing in his wILAnhaee meee:
Near when the golden ray was creeping.
He paused a moment, while his eya
Which imaged forth the azure sky,
Kindled with new delight to meet
Tho golden picture at his feet,
As quick as thought, bis dimpled hand
Amid the mellow tint was feeling,
He did not fully understand
The wealth and beauty there revealing ;
Bat thought, beneath bis pinafore,
To hide this precious golden store,
And In bis little heart to feel
The conscious pride he should conceal.
Once, thrice, he grasped, thon to his eyoa
He raised the fancied glowing treasure,
And when he missed the golden prizo,
‘His grief and sadaess knew no measure;
And till his eyes were sealed in sleep,
He did not cease to sigh and weep,
‘That such a treasure, bright and new,
Should vanish rudely from his view.
This Is Ambition’s dream I sald;
A Sunbeam o’er our path is straying,
We chase the phantom, still ahead,
Aid the olouds and sbadows playing,
Nor till the damp, deep sleep ’of death
Hath chilled the ardor of life’s breath,
Can we persuade our slugeish sense
‘To seek the Sure Inberitance,
Niogara Falls, N. ¥., 1859.
PREACH BY THE LIFE,
Ler your daily life be an unuttered yet perpetual
pleading with man for God. Let men feel, in
contact with you, the grandeur of that religion to
whose claims they will not listen, and the glory
of that Savior whose name you may not name.
Let the sacredness of God's slighted law be pro-
claimed by your uniform sacrifice of inclination
to duty, by your repression of every unkind word,
your scorn of every undue or base advantage,
your stern and uncompromising resistance to
the temptation of appetite and sense. Preach the
the preciousness of time by your husbanding of
its rapid hours, and your crowding of its days
with duties. Though eternity, with its fust
approaching realities, be a forbidden topic to the
ear, constrain the unwilling mind to think of it
by a spectacle of a life well ordered with perpet-
ual reference to hopes and destinies beyond the
graye. Though no warning against an unspiritusl,
no exhortation to aholy life, might be tolerated,
let your own pure, earnest, unworldly character
and bearing be to the careless soul a perpetual
atmosphere of spirituality haunting and hovering
round it. And be assured, the moral influence
of such a life cannot be lost. Like the seed which
winds waft into hidden glades and forest depths,
were no sower’s hand could reach to scatter it,
the subtle germ of Christ’s trath will be borne
on the secret atmosphere of a holy life, into bearts
which no preacher's voice could penetrate. Were
the tongue of men and of angels to-fail, there is
an eloquence in living goodness which will often
prove persuasive. For it is an inoffensive, unpre-
tending, unobtrusive eloquence; it is the elo-
quence of the soft sunshine when it expands the
close shut-leaves and blossoms—a rude hand
would but tear and crush them; itis the eloquence
of the summer heat when it basks upon the thick-
ribbed ice—blows would break it; but beneath
that softest, gentlest, yet most potent influence,
the hard impenetrable masses melt away.— Nev.
John Caird.
———_-+e
Erernity.— When I attempt to think of the
ocean, its moments of calm and of storm, of sun-
shine and of darkness, of peace and of vengeful
fury, I feel that I have an idea of it, though it
must of necessity be a very faint one, yet ‘tis such
a one that I enn lay my finger on, But whenT
attempt to define eternity, “the Jife-time of the
Almighty,” to limit it by the meagre views of my
comprehension, I dash to sea ina frail bark and
am tossed about, my chart is struck from my
hand, my compass from its box, my rudder from
the stern, and I feel that all effort to resume com-
mand over the vessel is vain—why then do I boldly
dare danger and invite distrust? nay it is idle;
let me then bow in contentment to the present,
and leave the future in the Hand that ordereth all
things well.—JSS. of John Lewis, Jr.
.
Feewine ror tHe Pittars.—When Luther was
at Coburg, he wrote to a friend, “I was lately
looking, out of my window at night, and I saw the
stars in the heavens, and God’s great beautiful
arch over my head, but I could not see any pillars
on which the great builder had fixed his arch;
and yet the heavens fell not, and the great arch
stood firmly. There are some who are always
feeling for the pillars, and longing to touch them,
they stand trembling and fearing lest the heavens
should fall, Ifthey could only grasp the pillars,
then the heavens would stand fast.” ‘Thus Luther
illustrated the faith of his own soul, and wished
to inspire others with the same strong confidence,
e+
Mencres.—Were there but single mercy ap-
portioned to each moment of our lives, the sum
would rise very high; but how is our arithmetic
confounded when every minute has more mercies
than we can distinctly namber!—owe,
»
s
Spice from New Books.
Preservation of Character.
Ax observing man is never without sources of
amosement, and it is certain that among these
sources the unconscious devices reserted to for
the creation and preservation of character, in the
eye of the world, deserve a prominent place. We
meetin every town men who feel that they hare
filled up the measore of their character, and have
nothing furtber to do in life but to bear that char-
acter, like a fall vessel, to their graves, without
spilling adrop. They walk the streets ns if they
were bearing it upon their beads. They bow to
their acquaintances with the consciousness of their
precious burden constantly uppermost. They
refrain from all complication with the stirring
questions of the times through fear of a fatal jostle.
They speak guardedly, as ifa word might jur their
priceless vase from the poiseof continence. There
is nothing so important to them as what they are
pleased to consider their character; consequently,
that is always to be consulted before any course of
action can be determined upon. All questions of
morality aod reform, all matters of public or polit-
ical interest, all personal associations, are consid-
ered primarily with reference to this character.
If they prove to be consistent with it, and seem
calculated to reveal something more of its glory,
they are entered upon, or adopted, otherwise, they
are discarded,
When a man arrives at a point where the preser-
vation of his character becomes the prime object
of bis life, he may be considered s harmless man,
but ove upon whom no farther dependence can be
placed in carrying on the work of the world, As
a member of society, be becomes strictly orna-
mental. We point to him as one of the ripe fruits
of our civilization, We make him President of
Conventions and Benevolent Associations, We
introduce strangers to him that they may be im-
pressed. We chronicle his arrival at the hotels.
We burn incense before him, because we know it
will please him, and because we know that he
rather expects it. Small children regard him in
respectful silence as he passes. He becomes one
of onrinstitutions, like a City Hall or an oldcbhurch.
We always know where to find him, as we doa
well-established town-line. But one thing we
never do; we never go to him in an emergency
that demands risk and self-sacrifice, because we
know that those things are notin hisline. His
character is the first thing, and that is to be taken
care of. When we want any thing of this kind
done, we go to men who hove no character, or,
having one, are not uncomfortably conscious of it.
—* Gold Foil,” by Tisorny Trtcoms,
Domestic Life in Turkey.
Aut Turkish residences are divided into two
parts, one of which is occupied by the lords of the
household, and the other is the department for the
harem. If the house belongs to a man of wealth,
each of theso divisions is sub-divided into nume-
rous apartments, and the building is consequently
of great extent. The windows of the apartments
occupied by the harem are closely latticed by fine
strips of wood painted white, which give a very
neat and pretty effect to the builing. These jeal-
ousies, a8 they might properly be called, answer
the purpose for which they are designed, protect-
ing the inmates from the gaze of all without, while
they are sufficiently open to enable those within to
see without inconvenience whatever passes around
them. Turkish women are by no means confined
to a life of solitude or imprisonment, and they
would be scarcely tempted to exchange the perfect
freedom and exemption from the austere duties of
life, which is their acme of happiness, for all the
advantages that might be gained from intellectual
pursuits, or 6 different form of society. They
roam in parties when they please and where they
please, if it be not far from home, accompanied by
slaves and various attendants. Their highest
enjoyment is in passing the bright sunny days of
their long summers under the brond-spreading
plane trees that are to be found beside every
stream, Atsuch places they may be always seen
in little groups upon the grass, the great diversity
of brilliant colors, and the white yas/ac or veil
that covors the bead as well as the face, enlivening
the pictorial parterre. ‘
One might suppose that Turkish women studied
the tout ensemble, since their parties consist of
persons dressed in as opposite colors as possible,
green, pink, blue and purple. The dress worn in
the street is never partly colored, but entirely of
some one tint. The little children who are ever
of the party, and for whom, by the way, Turkish
women have great fondoess, are either by their
side or strolling about, led by the hand of some
mother or attendant. Boys and girls wear the
same dress, and are the most comical-looking
urchins possible. They can scarcely waddle about,
so enveloped sre they in fez and turban, one or two
long, loose jackets, aud bag trowsers confined bya
large shawl wound round the waist. Even they
partake of the imperturbable gravity of their
seniors to such an extent that, during our long
residence in the East, we never saw nor heard a
child ery, or laugh, or evince any emotion.—" Tent
and Harem,” by Canouine Paine.
Thackeray on Washington.
Tr will be remembered that, at the commence-
ment of Mr. Thackeray's “ Virginians,” the patri-
otism of many American citizens was shocked with
the familiarity of the author on account of bis per-
sistency in designating the Commander-in-Chief
of the Continental Army as Mr. Washington; also,
later in the story, where the American Chief is
made to accept a challenge for a duel, how many
authorities were quoted, and what a mass of matter
was collected and printed to show that Washing-
ton never practically recognized the duellist’s
‘code of honor.” The following extract from the
“Virginians” in the October number of Harper's
Magezine, we think will show the author's real
Sentiments towards the memory of Washington,
and is one of the most beautiful tributes to the
virtues of that great man which ever emanated
froma British pen, The author says, speaking
through one of his principal characters, Sir George
Warrington:
“But it was ordained by heaven, for the good,
STE
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
Sprightly and Cheerful.
TOD 2.Y..sosly.)
TO-MORROW.
fortune with a
iling
Qe bree beer ete ee
way, When shall we stoop to pick them up? "G ~ day, my love, to - day.
face Strew " 3€5 on our
=
2, If those who've wrong’d us ow:
aaa
ntheir fault, And kindly pi - ty
pray, Whenshall we
listen and for - give?
Sees ise
“ve + day, my love, to - day,
gece =:
a Ste
eo
2. If those to whom we owe a debt Are harm'dun-less we pay, When shall we struggle to ba just? + - day, my love, to - day,
( a ee) ee
5 1 ree ] S a (r= é 2 ee ral
a Se aS SSeS SS ea ee See 2
b=f=— = £ (aI sa: ae en E
4,
5, For
virtuous
If Love estrang’d should once
acts and harm - less
Her
The
a - gain genial
joys, minutes will not
smile dis - play.
stay,
When shall we kiss her proffer’d lips?
We've always time to welcome them
ye - day,
Te
my love, to - day.
day,
my love, to - day.
passe
Rete oo eee esea are:
——
aot
But should she frown with face of care, And talk of com - ing sor-row, Whenshall we grieve, if grieve we must? T- morrow, love, to - morrow,
+ . as eee oe ee tee
= =e =e ffs cS see SoS SS iS =
“ Seca Vaile ae + o—6
But if stern Justice urge re- buke, And warmth from Mem’ry borrow, When shall we chide, if chile we dare? Tc norrow, love, to - morrow.
— —— g - = 3 A \
Sas aesa ear Sate aa ee SFr «le
gee eee a = aoe a —
But if our debtor fail our hope, And pleadhis ruin thorough, When shall we weigh his breach of faith? T= ~ morrow, love, to - morrow.
oo S ap z @ & ind e aD 1 7 ¥
; |e b6—-@ F e—9— ee = ome ef e.-0 of ee *
[5-8-5 a ee ee ee
But if she would in - dulge re-gret, Or dwell with bygone — sorrow, When shall we Beat weep we mnust?,}# - morrow, love, to - morrow.
But care, re - sentment, an -gry words, And un - a - vailing sorrow Come far too soon, if they “ap-pear T.- = ‘morrow, love, to - morrow.
as we can now haye no doubt, of both Empires,
that the great Western Republic should separate
from us; and the gallant soldiers who fought on
her side, their indomitable and heroic Chief above
all, had the glory of facing and overcoming, not
only veteran soldiers amply provided and inured
to war, but wretchedness, cold, hunger, dissension,
treason within their own camp, where all must
haye gone to rack, but for the pure, unquenchable
flame of patriotism that was forever burning in
the breastof the heroicleader. Whataconstancy,
what a magnanimity, what a surprising persist-
ency against fortune! Washington before the
enemy was no better nor braver than hundreds
who fought with him or against him; but Wash-
ington, the Chief of a nation in arms, doing battle
with distracted parties; calm in the midst of con-
spiracy; serene against the open foe before him,
and the darker enemies athis back; Washington,
inspiring order and spirit into troops hungry and
in rags; stung by ingratitude, but betraying no
anger, and ever ready to forgive; in defeat inyin-
cible, magnanimous in conquest, and neyer so
sublime as on that day when he laid down his
victorious sword and sought his noble retirement—
here indeed is a character to admire and revere; o
life without s stain, a fame without a flaw.”
A Sketch of Garibaldi.
Dwient, in his “Life of Garibaldi,” portrays
the “Hero of Italy” thus:—Ie has a broad and
round forehead; astraight and almost perpendicu-
lar nose, not too small, but of a delicate form;
heavy brown moustaches and beard, which conceal
the lower part of his face; o full round chest;
free and athletic movements, notwithstanding ill-
health and rheumatism which disables his right
arm; a full dark eye, steady, penetrating, and
pensive, but mild and friendly; an easy, natural,
frank, and unassuming carriage, with a courteous
nod and a ready grasp of the hand, as # recogni-
tion of one introduced by his friend, Foresti.
Such was Garibaldi, as he appeared at the first
glance, and beforehe had time to speak. His first
words were uttered in a tone corresponding with
the courtesy of his movements and the glance of
his eye; while the freedom of his utterance, and
the propriety and beauty of his langunge, drew all
my attention from his form and features, to the
sentiments he expressed and facts he has men-
tioned.
Books Received.
‘Tue Vrearstans. A Tale of the last Century, By W.
M. Toackexay, author of “ Esmond,” “Vanity Fair,”
“The Newcomes,” &e, &o. [Svo—pp, 411.) New
York; Harper & Brothers, Rochester —Sreerr,
Avery & Co,
Frsumn’s Rrver (North Carolina.) Scenes and Charac-
ters. By “Sxrrr,” “who was raised thar.’ Ibustra-
ted by Joux MoLexax. [16mo.—pp. 269.) New
York: Harpers, Rochester—Sreee, AvEny & Co,
‘Tor Scrence or Epveation; and ArtofTeaching, In
Two Parts. By James Oopex, A. M, [19mo,—pp.
478] Cincionatl: Meore, Wilstach, Keys & ee:
Roonester—E, Dannow & Buo,
Wowen Artists, in all Ages and Countries, By Mrs,
Exxer, author of “The Women of the American
Revolution, etc. [16mo.—pp. 837.) New York:
Harper & Brothers. Rochester—Stze.n, Aveny & Co.
Sratrerroan awp Hustorrcat Account of the County
of Addison, Vermont. Written at the Request of the
Historical Society of Middlebury, by Sawunt Swurr,
[Rone 182] “Middlebury, Vi: A. H. Copeland.
From the Pubilsher.
Kexxern Pornes; or, Fourteen Ways of Studying the
Bible. (16mo.—pp, 273] Philadelpbis: American
unday School Union, Rochester—ADaus & Danyey.
Panter tm Poxrmn; or, Tho Cost of Yielding to
‘Temptation. Tiustrated in Two Sto
and sold as above dn Two Diaries [Rona
‘Tur Misstosany Kirx, [Published and sold as above,
‘Tue Lrrtue HerpsMan. [Published and sold as above.
CURE TOR FITS.
For a Fit of Passion.—Walk out in the open
air; you may speak your mind to the winds with
out hurting any one, or proclaiming yourself a
simpleton.
For a fit of Tileness—Count the ticking of a
clock; do this for one hour, and you will be glad
to pull off your coat the next and work like a
negro.
For a Fit of Extravagance and Folly.—Go to the
workhouse, or speak with the inmates of a jail,
and you will be convinced —
Who makes his bed of brier and thorn,
Muat be content to Iie forlorn.
Tor a Fit of Ambition.—Go into the church-
yard, and read the gravestones ; they will tell you
the end of ambition. The graye will soon be your
bed-chamber —the earth your pillow; corruption
your father, and the worm your mother and sister
For a'Fit of Despondency.—Look on the good
things which God has given you in this world,
and to those which He bas promised to His fol-
lowers in the next, He who goes into his garden
to look for cobwebs and spiders, no doubt will find
them; while He who looks for a flower may return
into his house with one blooming in his bosom,
For all Fits of Doubt, Perplevity, and Fear.—
Whether they respect the body or the mind—
whether they are a load to the shoulders, the head,
or the heart—the following is a radical cure,
which may be relied on. I had it from the Great
Physician :—“ Cast thy burden on the Lord, and
He will sustain thee.”
For a Fit of Repining.—Look about for the halt
and the blind, and visit the bed-ridden, and the
afflicted and deranged, and they will make you
ashamed of complaining of your lighter afflictions.
————
A REMARKABLE FACT IN ASTRONOMY,
Tre following extract is from a report of one of
Professor Mitchell's Lectures on Astronomy, in the
Philadelphia Press :
A very remarkable fact was here related by the
lecturer, who said that he had not long since met,
in the city of St. Louis, a man of great scientific
attainments, who for forty years had been engaged
in Egypt in deciphering the hieroglyphics of the
ancients. This gentleman had stated to him that
he had lately unraveled the inscriptions upon the
coflin of a mummy, now in the London Museum,
aud that by the aid of previous observations, be
had discovered the key to all the astronomical
knowledge of the Egyptians. The zodiac, with
the exact positions of the planets, was delinoated
on this coflin, and the date to which they pointed
was the autumnal equinox in the year 1722 before
Christ, or nearly thirty-six hundred years ago,
Professor Mitchell employed his assistants to
ascertain the exact position of the heavenly bodies
belonging to our solar system on the equinox of
that year, (1722 B. C.,) and send him a correct
diagram of them, without having communicated
his object in doing so. In compliance with this,
the calculations were made, and to his astonish-
ment, on comparing the result with the statements
of his scientific friend already referred to, it was
found that, on the 7th of October, 1722 B. C., the
moon and planets had occupied the exact points
in the heavens marked upon the coflin in the Lon-
don Museum,
——__—_—_+e.
Two STREAMS.
Frou the same Alpine mountains flow tworivers;
the same rain and melted snow feed them, but
each of these rivers follows the course it has traced,
The one flows to the south, towards the sun; it
crosses all the towns where the Greeks and Romans
successively planted the germs of civilization, the
traditions of their genius, and those melodious
languages spoken by the greatest poets and the
greatest authors that ever honored humanity. The
other river flows toward the north; it traverses
the vast forests of the Germanic tribes, from whom
descended the Augles, the Saxons, and perhaps
the Normans; it waters cold, cloudy, industrious
and resolute countries. One is called the Rhone,
the other the Rhine. The one, by turns a riyulet
anda torrent, now flows, now precipitates itself,
through a country filled with poesy and its con-
trasts, beneath a blue sky toward an azure lake—
that glorious sea which, from the commencement
of ages, has seen developed on its banks all the
destinies of humanity. The other, mojestic and
calm, bears constantly on its surface steam vessels,
and, reflecting the light on its long banks, shows
the various buildings elevated by modern industry;
it flows into that sea, or rather canal, the junction
between the ocenn and the Baltic, the separation
of the ancient world from the modern, where per-
Che Young Ruralist.
OUT WEST TWELVE YEARS AGO.
Eps. Rurat New-Yourwer:—Having seen an
article in the last number of the Runrat, headed
“Our Society Out West,” I will give my young
fellow Raralists an idea of our society in what was
once termed the woods. About the year 1547 &
few intelligent, honest families, left their happy
firesides to braye the storms and privations of a
woodman's life, destined for the land of Indians
and other ‘wild animals,” Finally, after travera-
ing fifteen hundred miles, fifty miles west of the
shores of Lake Michigan, they ‘drove their
stakes” and commenced their slow and tardy road
to fortune. No sooner .would their cabins be
erected, than an unwelcome visitor, for such he
might be on account of his hideous, savage-like
features, would pop in for the purpose of obtaining
kush-i-gon (bread ;) after receiving it, with a boo-
shoo, (good day,) mount his little wild poney
and bound away whooping and yelling with joy.
In a few months there were families enough to
form a settlement, and then how happy they were-
No cares, no strife, no contentions,—all was har-
mony. Fashion had not stopped in their ranks
and interfered with their dressand customs. Each
one wore the dress he saw fit, whether it was
broadcloth or buckskin, And their “social gath-
erings,” how they did enjoy those evening chats,
at each other's cabius nearly every eyening in
the winter season —an ox team and an old sled
haps some day may be decided the future destinies
of humanity.—J. Loisne.
o-
CHASTE LANGUAGE,
Our good old English tongue is susceptible of
great variations. It will utter in sweet sentences,
smooth and soft as flowing honey, the holiest feel-
ings of tenderness and affection, or it will grate
harsh discord or thunder maledictions. It will do
whatever it is asked to do, It is a pliable instru-
ment ready to serve many purposes. From some
lips it is beautiful and musical, charming the ear
and delighting the soul. From others itis rough
coarse, discordant, It expresses what is in the
speaker or writer.
Good language is ever a beautiful thing. Who
does not love tohearit? Itindicatesa gentleman,
alady,ascholar,a friend. It is evidence of refino-
ment, taste, good manners, culture, judgment, good
breeding. It has a happy influence, is ever the
proper vehicle of good thoughts and proper
feelings.
It is said that at one period of Athenian history
the ear and taste of the people of Athens were so
cultivated that a public speaker would be hissed
by the common people for a coarse expression or
an upngrammatical sentence. This perhaps is
fastidious refinement; but pure and proper lan-
guage is ever delightful, and ought always to be
used. For home use, for friendship, for business,
for social life—how admirable is chaste language.
A grammar, a dictionary, a proper attention to the
cultivation of one’s every-day speech, will soon
give one correct and agreeable habits of conversa-
tion. Try it, all bad talkers — Valley Farmer.
6 ee
Apotoaizixa.—A very desperate habit—one that
is rarely cured. Apology is only egotism wrong
side out, Nine times out of ten, the first thing a
man’s companion knows of his short-coming is
from his apology. Itis mighty presumptuous on
your part to suppose your small failures of so much
consequence that you must make a talk about them,
their mode of conveyance, Cares and anxieties
were strangers to them; doctors were unneeded
and lawyers uncalled for. They had public wor-
ship at some particular house, where they wor-
sbiped with one accord—no distinction of sect or
denomination—all was unity, brotherhood. At
their town meetings nd elections no political
strife was manifested. But oh! the change in
these few years! Instead of “going to towa’””
with “Buck and Bright,” it is now “going to the
city” with their 2.40 “Flora Temples” and “wild
Fires,” and fancy carriages. And then Fashion,
with her Shanghae coats, tight pants and beavers,
silks and crinoline, came crowding in. Social
parties, almost unknown, divided into religious
denominations, each having its own ministers and
place of worship; lawyers receive o better com-
pensation than the farmer; doctors have good
practice, and at town meetings and elections all is
contention and strife—two or three different par-
ties contending for victory. Is such really pro-
gress ond improvement in every sense of the
term? Oscar Berry.
Fond du Lao, Wis, 1859.
‘Tne Bor Farmens.—A Maine paper tells a good
story of two boys, one thirteen, and the other
eleyen, who on account of the sickness of their
father were leftto work the farm. They thoroughly
plowed and cross-plowed three acres of rather
rough ground, which they then sowed, and then
harrowed it three times over. They algo assisted
in clearing one acre of new land, which was sown
with wheat. It grew well, especially that first
sown, but at harvest the father being still sick,
there was none to gather the grain but these two
little leds, Having neither strength nor skill to use
the cradle, they ped the sickle with resolute
hand, and reaping what they could each day, per-
severed until the whole four acres were thus har-
vested by them alone. The produce of this crop
would command in market #135, and they did a
good deal of work on the farm beside. Thisshows
what boys can do if they really set about it, and
make work of work, and play of play — not trying
to do both at once.
—_ SF 2 RS
\ AGRICULTURAL,
‘The Great Crops of the Country.
‘Thomery System of Pruning
Custrated) ...1.005--« ae
John Johnston on Wintering
Saving Fodder. .....+..--
A Word for Domest{o Anlmals
About Butter and Cheese...
"The Dalry os, Grain-Growing on the Prairies,
A Prolific Sheep...
Do Bees Select a Home Before Swarming ?
Beans for Fattening Hogs.
Horizontal Well!
Sheet Iron Eaves re.
Making Cheese from a Few Oows,
Rurat Spirit of the Press—About Winter Barley:
Raising Stock; Increasing the Welght of Wool; Pre-
serving Butter; Hints for the Farmer; Chi
Fattening Animals; Linseed Cake for Heifers.
Agricultural Miscellany.—The Rural Proj
“Stop My Paper;" Small Farms in Western New York
Give the Prices; Kansas Wheat and Agricultural Fair
jood Cows...
SUSSeeeseses
5
te
S390
g
HORTICULTURAL.
Proning and Training the Vine—No.
(Pive Ilustra-
. 891
891
Inquiries and Answers, —Altheas B, &e. 5
Apple and Cherry Grafts; Season for Planting Ever-
green Hedges; Apple Roots for Grafting—Grafting Pa-
per; Rose Culture, 4c; How to Keep Onion "Sets;
Summer Bonchretlen Pear ......
Allen County (Ind.) Hort, Societ,
Dwarf Prolific Okra,.......-..++»
Love of Gardening Among the Poor ,
: DOMESTIC ECONOMY.
hing Flannels; Broiling Beef Steak; Cream Cook-
Wert To Dye Straw Honnets Mack: To Clean and Ke-
dip Black Featner:
Bolling Potatoes,
Miss Martineau on Cookery;
91
LADIES" OLIO.
tical 3] The Garden on the Rock;
jommon Life; Obildish Days........ 908
Lines to One Afar,
‘The Heroism of
CHOICE MISCELLANY.
Winter's Song, [Poetical:] Cowley and Milto:
Frost; Parties; If, and its Progeny ...........
SABBATH MUSINGS.
bition’s Dream, (Poetical ;) Preach by the Life ;
etornley Feeling for the Pillars; Merctes ....c.e+-s+. 392
SPICE FROM NEW BOOKS.
Thackeray on Washington; A 5
Books Received...
FUL OL10,
Cure for Fits; A Remarkable Fact in Astronom:
Streams; Chastc Langugge; Apologizing..
d YOUNG RURALIST,
Out West Twelve Years Ago; The Boy Farmers
STORY TELLER,
) Hidden Loy.
senae 393
LIST OF NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
Spalding's Prepared Glue—Henry C. Spalding & Co.
Toe People's Mill—R. L. How:
Howe's Scales. Herring's Safe:
Teachers, Get the Best—D, W.
SE On: —
Hews} PAR UES
ROCHESTER, N. Y., DECEMBER 3,
DOMESTIC NEWS.
Matters at Washington.
Ix consequence of the recent occurrences on the
frontier, the suggestion has been made to the
Liberal Government of Mexico, from adistinguish-
ed quarter, that immediate steps be taken witha
view of entering into an agreement or treaty with
the Government of the Upited States for the pun-
ishment of such outlaws as Cortinas and his men.
The main feature of the agreement being to treat
offences committed on either side ofthe Rio Grande
as against the peace of both Republics. Tie
parties to be tried and punished according to the
laws of the country in which they may be arrested.
The Secretary of War on the 25th ult., received
the following dispatch from Lieut. Gen. Scott,
dated Straits of Fuca, and sent by way of Leayen-
worth:—Two days ago I dispatched from Fort
Townsend a communication to Goy. Douglass,
proposing a temporary adjustment of the existing
difficulties, on the basis suggested by the Presi-
dent in his instructions tome. There has been
no answer yet, but there is no doubt the proposi-
tion will be accepted. Everything is tranquil in
these islands.”
The number of members of Congress in the city
isdaily increasing. The organization of the House
of Representatives is with them the prominent
topic of conversation and concern,
The Treasurer's statement shows that the re-
eeipts for the week ending on Monday week were
$366,000, The umount of the drafts paid was
$798,000, and drafts issued $1,260,000. The amount
subject to draft is $5,287,000. The increase over
the sum on hand last week is nearly $93,000,
Personal and Political.
A Savr Lake City paper nominates Gen. Sam
Houston as the Mormon candidate for the Presi-
dency in 1860.
Sexator Suwver is about to resign his seat in
the United States Senate, ond, it is said, will
marry and reside in Mogland.
How. Feyyen Fenauson, formerly Chief Justice
of Nebraska, and delegate to Congress from that
Territory, died of paralysis on the 11th ult, The
Nebraska Republican says:—“It is a remarkable
fact that of the eight original appointees to office
in Nebraska by President Pierce, not one of them
is now in office, and only four of them are now
living. Only two of them (Gen. Eastabrook and
A.R. Gilmore, Bsq.,) now reside in Satin.
Gov. Burt, the first Governor, died at Bellevue
soon after reaching the Territory. Marshal Doyle
died suddenly from a fall down a flight of steps in
the Exchange Bank in the winter of 55-56. Sec-
retary Caming died o year and a half ago in this
city, and now Judge Ferguson is added to the list
of the dead.
celebrated trapper and guide, Kit Carson,
one of the noblest of our brave frontiersmen, died
recently at Taos, in New Mexico. He was a native
of Madison Co., Ky., and would have completed
his fiNieth year had he lived to the 21th of
wr next. While he was yet an infant,
ents removed to the Territory of Missouri,
a which wild region his youth and manhood
oN I VOC
MOORR’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
4g were spent, As the borders of civilization en-| abutment on the village side of the river, was FOREIGN ti ————
seventeen years since he fell in with Col. Fremont.
His services as a guide to that explorer, and
others of hia elass, have won for hima national
reputation, In 1847 he was sent to Washington
as bearer of dispatches, and received an appoint-
ment of Lieutenant in the rifle corps of the United
States Army. Six years later he drove 6,500 sheep
to California, for the successful execution of
which difficult undertaking he was rewarded
with the post of Indian Agent at Taos, the place
of his death,
Jerrenson Co., in this State, has the honor of
haying furnished several of the Western States
with Governors, We believe that Gov. Matteson,
of Ill., Goy. Farwell, of Wis., Gov. Wood, of O.,
and the present Governor, (late U. S. Senator)
Petit, of Nebraska, were all natives of that county.
Oneida may also put in a claim for similar honors,
since Judge Miller and Hon. Norman Todd, both
from Oneida Co., in this State, are named at the
same time as candidates for the Gubernatorial
nomination in Iiliaois.
Tue returns are now wearly complete from
Wisconsin. The majorities foot up as follows :—
Randall, (Rep.) 14,799, Hobart (Dem.) 11,003,
showing a majority for Randall in the State of
8,796. Only four Counties remain to be heard
from, and their yote is too small to materially
vary the result,
Tue Newark Advertiser gives the official vote of
New Jersey at the recent election, as follows :-—
Olden, (Opp.) 53,367, Wright, (Dem.) 51,738.
Olden’s majority, 1,629.
Tue St. Paul Minnesotian publishes full returns
of the recent election, from all the Counties. They
show a Republican majority of 3,353 for Governor
Ramsey.
Tue contestants for seats in Congress are unusu-
ally numerous, as is shown by the following list,
prepared by the N. Y. Tribune:
CONTESTED BY
Amer J, Williamson,
James 8,
William
William
William A. Howard,
Francls P. Biair, Jr.
David Logan.
RETURNED.
Daniel E, Sickles. of N, Y.
W..C. Anderson, Ky.
J, Morrison Harris, Md.
Heury Winter Davis, do,
Geo, B. Cooper, Mich.
J, Richard Barret, Mo,
Lansing Stout, Oregon.
E. Estabrook, Nebraska, Samuel G. Dally,
Miguel A. Otero, N. Mex. Henry M. Watta.
Taking the difficult question of organization,
and the settlement of these claims, together with
all the other sources of difficulty, we may antici-
pate a stormy session of Congress,
Tue official vote of New York gives the follow_
ing result—the vote of each candidate, and the
majority, as taken from the returns at the Secre-
tary of State’s office, by the Albany Argus:
DEMOCRAT, EEPUBLICAN. MAJ.
Jones. Teavenworth.251,098.. 1,498
Cbureb Denniston ...2
Vanderpoel Dorshelmer
Tremsin..... Myers.
Richmond Story
Skinner 6 Chapin
Elderkin t
Lewis .
Johnson, ..
News Paragraphs.
Tue city of Brooklyn proposes to lay out a chain
of five magnificent parks, connected by a broad
macadamized ayenue, forming, when completed,
a drive of twelve miles, which will challenge the
world for its equal in magnificence.
Tue Pittsfield (Mass.) Sun states “that A. W.
Richardson & Co., of North Adams, took one
hundred and sixty-two pounds of sand from a
bale of wool they purchased last week for fifteen
cents per pound.”
Tue Board of Underwriters of New Orleans
have offered a reward of three thousand dollars
for every apprehension and conviction of an incen-
diary during the next twelve months.
Tue Massachusetts House of Representatives
has abolished the provision of law authorizing
flogging in the State Prison. Mr. Goodwin, of
Lowell, who is chairman of the Board of Inspec-
tors of the Prison, stated that not a blow had been
inflicted there for nearly three years,
Georce Bower, a resident of Hummelstown,
Pa,, having a very large wart on one of his hands,
was induced to cut it out, and apply arsenic to
destroy the roots. He did so on Monday, and
died from the effects on the Wednesday following.
A youna lady passed through Cincinnati last
week on her way to St, Louis, whither she had
been forwarded by express. She was from Paris,
and being ignorant of our language, her friends
had placed her in charge of an express messenger.
The ‘way bill” was made out in due form and the
charges paid as per tariff. The messenger de-
clared that he never took such good care of
“freight” before, considering it extra, we pre-
sume,
Gexerat Toowas Tuvan, who, although barely
knee-high to a grasshopper, made a large fortune
for P, T. Barnum and a snug one for himself, is
reported to be about to unite himself in wedlock
with a lady of youth and beauty, The authorities
differ about her height, and it is variously stated
as three feet six, and six feet three.
Tue Massachusetts Senate has adopted an
ameudment to the law, which remoyes the dis-
ability to receive the testimony of atheists in
courts of law. The amendment provides that
“every person not a belioyer in any religion
shall be required to testify truly under pains and
penalties of perjury.” To this, an amendment
was adopted as follows; ‘And the evidence of
such person's disbelief in the existence of God
may be received to affect credibility as a witness.”
The latter clause of the amendment was adopted
by a vote of 10to7. The vote upon the amend-
ment, as amended, was 15 to 18, and it was
adopted by the casting vote of the President,
Tur amount of grain afloat upon the upper
lakes for Oswego, up to the latest advices, is
400,000 bushels wheat, 135,000 bushels corn, and
55,000 bushels barley. ‘This does not include the
quantity to come from Canada.
A portion of the bridge across White river,
opposite West Hartford, Vt., from the pier to the
broken down last week by a drove of cattle while
crossing it, and 16 head of cattle fell with the
bridge, from 15 to 20 feet, upon the rocks below,
without killing one or even breaking a limb,
Tie following eight states have no iron works:
—Mississippi, Louisiana, Florida, Texas, Iowa,
Minnesota, California and Oregon, There are in
the United States 1,545 works, $82 furnaces, 488
forges, and 226 rolling mills, which produce
annually aboat $50,000 tons of iron, the value of
which, inan ordinary year, is fifty millions of
dollars,
Ir is rumored that the failure of John A,
Washington, with a half a million of liabilities
incumbering the Mt. Vernon estate, will prevent
him from transferring the property with a good
title.
A tavern keeper named Prangley, living in the
town of Williams, near London, C. W., on the
Grand Trunk Railway, has been indicted for man-
slaughter, because a man was sold liquor where-
with he got drunk, and going home, fell off a
railroad bridge and was drowned. The man
Prangley, while he owned the tavern and the
liquor, was some thirty miles distant at the time
the liquor was sold,
A patent medicine agent named Carr, commit-
ted suicide a few days since, in Ohio, by poisoning
himself with arsenic, He might have accom-
plished his intention.quite as well by taking his
own compound,
Tus CaNaptan Seat or Governuent.— The
Seat of Government for Canada seems to be
established at Ottawa City, beyond peradyenture,
at last, as a contract has been awarded for the
erection of the Parliamentary and Departmental
Buildings. It is taken by Mr. McGreevy, of
Quebec, at the sum of $515,000, which amount
will be largely increased og the buildings ap-
proach completion. The appropriation made
originally was $800,000, and this contract is
lower than was anticipated.
Our Apvoprsp Cimizens.— Apropos of the
Harper's Ferry outbreak, the Winchester Virgi-
nian says :—‘'It is worthy of remark, that, though
the Abolitionists had been a whole year plotting
the insurrection at Harper's Ferry, they were
unable to enlist a single foreign-born citizen in
their ranks; not one was found among them to
share their treason against their race and nation.
An Irishman (the keeper of the bridge) was the
first to offer them resistance—an Irishman was
the second man they killed, while he had his rifle
drawn to shoot—and the last man they killed was
@ young and gallant Irishman (the marine, )”
Waar Jony Mircuert Exprcrs.—John Mitchell
writes a second letter of his series from Paris to
the /rishman, counselling the “nationalists” of
Treland “to be prepared.” He expects ere long to
see Gibraltar, as the key of the Mediterranean, and
San Juan, as the key of the Columbian Archipel-
ago, wrested from ‘“‘the swindler and usurer of
nations,” England; then he adds, on behalf of his
brother “Celts”:—“ Happy if we can but prepare
ourselves to rise to our own feet, and stand erect
upon our own soil, when the felonious gripe is
loosened from our throats.”
A Rane Case.—A person who was recently al-
lowed a pension on account of a disability incurred
in the naval service, and supposed to be of a per-
manent character, has informed the Pension Office
that he is happily restored to health, and there-
fore relinquishes his claim to the beneficence of
the government. A similar instance has not oc-
curred for many years,
From the Pacific Side.
Tue Overland Mail of Oct. 1st arrived at Saint
Louis on the 22d ult. There was unusual agita-
tion of Railroad projects in Calilornia, and strong
appeals were being made to capitalists for aid.
The overland emigration by the Central Route, it
is stated by competent parties, will reach 30,000,
and but little sickness has occurred, and the gold
and silver discoveries in Washoe Valley and
Walker River have created a great demand for
laborers. 2
Dates from Portland, Oregon, are to Oct. 27th,
and from Victoria to the 27th. A special corres-
pondent of the Alta Californin, who accompanied
Gen, Scott on his trip to the Northwest, says that
the General arrived at Port Townsend on the 25th,
and would immediately establish his headquarters
on board the U.S. steamer Massachusetts.
Commissioner Campbell, expected overland from
Colville, had been directed to join the Commission
at San Juan. No plan of action has yet been de-
cided upon by General Scott.
The Overland Express brought dispatches from
the British Consul at San Francisco to Lord
Lyons, at Washington; andalsoa communication,
franked by Gen, Scott, and addressed to the Com-
manding officer at Fort Leavenworth, stating that
the British have withdrawn all their forces from
San Juan, with the exception of the steamer
Satellite,
Advices from Arizona state that Capt. Ewell had
left Fort Buchanan for Sonora, under orders from
the Secretary of War, to call on Governor Pes-
chiera and protest in the name of the United States
Government, sguinst the expulsion of Captain
Storie’s purty and of other American citizens from
that State,
It is said that Peschiera has recently expressed
a strong desire for the formation of Hmigration
Colonies in the United States, for the purpose of
inducing a general emigration into Sonora,
The Bultic, from Aspinwall the 19th, arrived at
New York, Noy. 27. She brought six hundred
and fifty passengers, and upwards of $1,700,000 in
treasure. The Baltic brings over as freight one
hundred cases silk worm eggs from China, for
Ttaly and the South of Wrance.
The Governor has ordered an election for Dec,
10th, to fill the vacancy in the State Senate, This
will be on exciting election, a8 it involves the
question whether the Legislature shall grant the
right to construct bulkheads to proteet the harbor
of San Francisco, a project involving an expendi-
ture of 85,000,000,
An association has been formed at San Francis-
co, with the intention of embracing the whole
State, for the purpose of excluding the Chinamen
from all employmeat except the lowest kind.
alongside.
Gneat Baitars.—Sir G. C. Lewis, at the Lord
Mayor's banquet, said that no final Proposition
had yet been made to England for a Congress.
When one should be received the Ministry would
deliberate on its acceptance on the understanding
that the Italians are not to be coerced.
Two war steamers and four gun-boats had left
England for China,
Capt. Petrie, of the steamship City of Washing-
ton, had been formally presented with a gold
chronometer and chain from the President of the
United States, for services rendered to the crew of
the ship Grey Oak, of New York,
Francx.—The three treaties were finally signed
at Zurich on the 10th, and the Plenipotentiaries
departed on the 12th, It was said that Austria
had consented to take 102,000,000 francs from
France, instead of 104,000,000 previously de-
manded,
The Moniteur, in announcing the signing of the
treaties, says that France and Austria agreed to
promote the meeting of a Congreas,
A circular by Count Walewski announces that
France has demanded from Sardinia, 60,000,0008
for expenses of the late war. The circular also
says that the French government has received
assurances that the Pope was only waiting for an
opportune moment to make public certain reforms
by which the government of the clergy would be
replaced by a government generally composed of
the laity, which would give to the country better
guaranties for the administration of justice and
for the control of the public finances, by means of
an Assembly elected by the people.
The cholera among the French troops, in Africa,
is said to be abating.
The Bank of France had lost nearly 19,000,000
of francs in cases during the month.
Irary.—Tuscany has followed the example of
the other States of Central Italy, and conferred
the Regency upon the Prince of Carignan.
The King of Sardinia, under the pressure of
France, refused to grant Carignan permission to
accept the Regency,
Spaiy.—The affuir between Spain and Morocco
was unchanged, though it was reported that the
Sultan had empowered his brother to grant the
demands of Spain,
ConarrrotaL — Breadstuffs.—Liverpool breadstusts
market firm and all qualities slightly higher. Richard-
son, Spence & Co, quote flour quiet and holders de-
manding an advance of 1s. Wheat firm and 40
higher. Corn buoyant and advanced 1s@le6d per
quarter. Liverpool provision market dull, Pork quiet,
but firmerforcommon, Bacon steady and new wanted,
Lard steady 07s@59s, F
Clippings from Foreign Journals.
Aw association of the members of the clergy in
England baye published an address in which they
pledge themselves to a total abstinence from the
use of intoxicating liquors as a beverage. The
Rey. Dr. Close, Dean of Carlisle, heads the list.
Tue annual demand for postage stamps in Great
Britain is 500,000,000. This would require 1,600,-
000 to be manvfactured each working day.
Tu Emperor Napoleon has recently ordered the
appropriation of twenty-eight thousand dollars
for the thorough repair of Longwood House, and
the tomb of the Emperor Napoleon I, at St. Helena,
as well as the domain called the Vale of Napoleon.
Since the French Government came into posses-
sion of this territory, they have always kept a
resident Commandant at Longwood.
Tue English Home Government and the East
India Government bind themselyes to connect,
with telegraph, the Indian peninsula with the
island of Singapore, while the Dutch Government
agrees to carry out the connection to the south-east
point of the island of Java, which belongs to Hol-
land,
Tue cable for the telegraph from Aden to Kur-
rachee has been dispatched from Liverpool, and
was expected to be laid by the middle of January,
when communication between London and Calcutta
will becomplete. The length of the new shipment
is 1,900 knots, and electricians report it in a high
state of perfection.
e+ —____.
Tue Great Easteny.—It is decided that the new
mammoth is not exempt from the ills that ordinary
ships are heir to, The directors having decided
that the vessel should go to Southampton, she left
Holyhood harboron theédinst. In steaming clear
of the Welch coast she put out far enough to sea)
to give those on board a taste of life on the ocean
wave. It was supposed that the steamer would
ride upon the wayes without rolling or pitching
like ordinary vessels, but this anticipation was
doomed to disappointment. Thechairs and tables
begain to be unsteady, to reel to and fro like a
drunken man, and bo at their wit’s end. The
crockery followed, and cups, saucers and dishes
rushed furiously to destruction against the pantry
walls, and were dashed to pieces like a potter’s
vessel. About five o'clock a giant wave came
surging on towards the bows, and struck theGreat
Eastern with a loud boom, sending its green
waters in a heavy clump clear over the forward
bulwarks, and drenching the men on deck. It
was also proved by this trial trip that the Great
Eastern will require three hundred tons of coal a
day to make her go at the rate of fifteen and a half
knots an hour, So, on the whole, it may be ques-
tioned whether her gigantic size is not, after all,
the chief and only merit of the mammoth steamer.
Wreck or tue IxprAx.— The iron steamer
Indian, from Liverpool, struck a sea ledge near
Marie Joseph, on Monday, the 21st inst. She had
188 passengers, a crew of 190, S00 tons of cargo
ond some specie, Half an hour after striking she
parted amidships. One boat was capsized and
several persons drowned. Another was stove
Two more boats, with part of the
passengers and crew, drifted to sew and have not
since been heard of. The schooner Alexander,
Capt. Shellnut, was first to render assistance, and
arrived at Halifax the 24th inst., with 24 persons
on board, The number of lives lost is not yet
known. The schooner Lutea ran close among the
breakers and became herself a total wreck. Crew
saved.
— Snow fell in Mississippi Noy, 13th.
— There are 280 studonts in Antioch Colle;
whom are females, wrist ot
— Quails are appearing in great nombers in
the towns of Illinois, ad
— The underground railroad brought 26 negroes
Detroit Friday week. i! oe
— There are now nineteen steam fire engines in th
6
city of Philadelphia.
—London and Calcutta are to be connected by tele-
graph in January, 1359,
— The good people of Baltimore are just now hold~
ing business prayer meetings!
— The Canadians are discussing the subject of sup.
Porting schools by direct taxation,
— The suspension bridge over the Sclota River fell
on Saturday week, killing two men,
— The eupervisors of San Francisco, Gal, are pro-
viding for a aystem of city railroads,
— Itis estimated that the British nation spends an-
nually about $2,000,000 for perfumery,
— Voloanized India rubber is found to be the best
material for the manufacture of flutes,
— There is now in operation in the U. 8, one mile of
railway to every thousand inhabitants,
— There is a German woman in Milwaukee, 50 years
of age, who is the mother of 24 childron,
— “ Doesticks”” Thompson, is said to be an applicant
for a passage in Prof, Lowe's great balloon.
—The “bear tax” of Vermont, last year, was $500,
‘The State pays a premium for bear scalps,
— On the Northumberland coast in England, there
Was & heavy frost and snow on the 22 of Oct,
—¥urnbam, a Massachusetts Maine Law liquor agent,
has been indioted for selling adulterated liquor,
— The yellow fever a disappearing in New Orlesns,
in consequence of the recent frost in that region.
—The Ross pavement, in New Yosk city, is being
taken np. Cause—horses cannot etand well upon it,
— One cent damages is the result of a libel suit
against the Cincinnati Times, after six years litigation.
— The State of Maine will export from the port of
Bangor alane, 100,000 bushels of potatoes the present
fall.
— A committee has reported the north pier of the
Chicago harbor liable to be washed away by the first
| Bale.
— In Canada, a scamp named Corbett goes three
years to the penitentiary for throwing a stone at the
cars,
— The stock js all taken for a telegraph line between
Pensacola and Mobile, and is to be completed in ninoty
days.
—A large namber of prosecutions has been com-
menced in New York city, for violation of the Exciso
Law.
— The Brandon (Miss) Republican proposes that no
persons shall travel in Southern States without pass-
ports,
— The artesian well at Columbus, Ohio, is suspended
ata depth of 2,840 feet—the deepest bore on earth, and
no water!
—The merchants and capitalists of great Britain
are eatimated to own about nine hwndred’ ocean
steamers,
— The clty of Detroit is about to erect a new City
Hall, ata cost of $250,000, and a Workhouse ata coat
of $50,000,
— The house in which John Huss, the great reformer,
was born, at Husice, in Bohemia, was recently destroy-
ed by fire.
— The steamer Nile was burned near Montgomery,
Ala., a few nights since, and 500 bales of cotton were
destroyed,
— The Stamford Mercury in England has been pub-
lished without interruption for one hundred and sixty-
four years,
— Margaret Dixon, a young seamstress, recently died
at Cincinnati from the prick of a needle in the palm of
her left band.
— One hundred end fifteen workmen were discharged
from employment at the Norfolk Navy Yard Saturday
evening week.
— Lombardy, birthplace of pawnbrokers, is now her-
self in pawn. Austria has advanced ten millions, Eng-
lish, upon her.
— Joe Smith, son of the Mormon prophet, remains at
Nauvoo, a respected Justice of the Peace. He refuses
to go to Utah.
— The State Prison of New Jersey contains three
hundred and fifty prisoners, a greater number than at
any previous time,
— The Central Park in New York proves very attrac-
tive, On any fair day notless than 5,000 visitors throng
its walks and drives.
— Washington Territory is 600 miles long, 290 broad
and contains 123,022 square miles, Itis now principally
valued for its lumber,
— Fires in the forests of Virginia have spread a dis-
tance of 20 miles, At one time some 2,000 aeres of
timber land were on fire.
— An innocent negro was shot and killed a few nights
since, in Somersot Co., Md., during a panic caused by a
false report of insurrection,
— Three thousand inebriates have applied for admis-
sion Into the N, Y, State Inebriate Asylum, Among
the number are 80 clergymen.
—The Burlington stove manufacturers have con-
structed an oven with over fifty feet of baking surface
for the Connecticut State Hotel.
—The railroad along the Welland Canal has con-
veyed from Port Colburn to Lake Ontario, during the
season, 600,000 bushels of wheat,
—A Olncinnall paper estimates that between $2,000,-
000 and $3,000,000 are invested in that city in the buel-
ness of manufacturing carriages,
— A citizens’ gas-light company has been organized
in Brooklyn, all the stock taken, and contracts made
for building works, laying pipe, etc.
— Southern Legislatures are everywhere called upon
by the plantation press to make stringent laws against
Northern peddlers and traveling agents.
— The amount of wheat accumulating on the Upper
Mississippi for the steamboats to take down the river
before navigation closes, is immensely large.
— Horatio Stone, the sculptor, has matured and mod-
elled his design of a statue of Thomas H. Benton, ashe
often appeared bofore the American Senate.
— A Connecticut school-mistress baying a troublesome
big boy to manage, at# down on him, Bhe Js a large
woman, and “crushed out” his insubordination.
— Foor new churches are in process of erection in
Trenton, N. J, by the Presbyterians, Episcopalians,
Baptists and Methodlats, at a cost of over $100,000,
Markets, Commerce, Le.
vont, New) Orrice.
Ronas epson Nove ie}
Fuove from spring or fall wheat ls without alteratfon {n
rates, Buckwheat is looking up a itde, the range belng
222,25.
Gnars—Not much change in whest—aslisht advance ls
noted, but the market {s not firm at the etart taken. Cora
drooping, and a decline of § cents om the bustiel noted.
Bye isa little better in rates, but the demand is ae
Barley falling off on lower grades—choice Ls as last quo! ed,
while holders are asking an advance. Backwheat stiffer
and In demand.
Meara—Bat little pork In market this morning, and buy-
ers are offering considerably lower figures than were current
lust week—the range seems to be #5@6.50. Beef Is also
declining {n rates, the extremes of the market ranglog
from 93 to #5 # owt
Hay Is falling off, and we note a better supply in market
to-day than for many months,
‘All other matters are nz last quoted.
Rochester Wholesale Prices.
Foor AxD Grass. Egas, dozen,
Flour, wint. wheat.05,25@4,25 | Honey, box.
Flour, spring do...#4, Oandles, box .
Flour,buck wheat. ¢2,
Wheat, Genesee. 41,
Best white Can’a..
oi
Oherri
Potatoes...
Lites xb SELs
Slaughter, .6@!
Calf... 5
Barley ....
Buckwheat
pelts,
Reef, @owt......
Spring lambs,eac
Matton, carcass .
jonl, Scranton 5
Coal, Pittston....94,25004,50
Goal, Shamokin. .€4,25@ 4,50
Ooal, Char. 106 Ke
Butter, roll.
Butter, firkio,
Cheese
Lard,
Tallow ..
Trout, bbl ..
Produce and Provision Markets.
NEW. YORK, Nov. 2—Ptovr—Market 5@10o better,
with a fairapeculative and export demand, Sales at 85,10
te; 05,824@.5.35 forextra do 5,35
10@5,55 for common to good extra
Yerlor to gaod shipping brands extra
hoop Ohlo—closing frm. Oanadiaa a shade better;
26,85 for common to choice excra.
‘Gnatx—Wheat 1@2o better, with a good speculative and
fair exoort demand: sales ‘at #1,2301,28 for Milwaukee
club—tatter for very choloe extra: #1,85@1,37 for red In-
Ginna: 21,40 for common white Canadians 1,60 for do
Bouthern: #1,03 for do Kentucky. Rye qulet and. firm ;
ales at 00s. Barley lowbr and more active; sales av73(@ 760
for State: 75@76c for Oanada Bast; 78c for Chicago. Corn
firmer for new; sales at 70@860 for new yellows 95c for old
yellow. Outs very dull at 484@ATKc for State, Western
‘and Canadian. ,
Paovisioxs—Pork dulland heavy, Sales at 410 for mess;
for prime. Dressed hogs dull at 7c, Lard dull and
avy, sales atl04@l0Xc. Butter plenty and dull at 11s
@ike for Ohio; M@ulc for State. Cheese quiet at 8@1lo,
ALBANY, Nov, 98 —Fioon axon Mar—Our market for
flour is active and buoyant. with an imoroved Eastern in-
quiry. The demand for the supply of the local trade Is
aouve, with an increased inquiry forthe river towns. Pri-
ces, although unchanged, are yery firm. Corn meal Is
steady.
‘GuAix—There Js an Improved milling inquiry for wheat,
and the market rules very firm Sales white Ohio on p. ty
do Canadian at 41,85, and Mediterranean at 81,27, orm
qulet and unchanged. Rye firm and in active request, with
sales at 860, Barley heavy, with but few samples of choice
offering. ‘The eapoly Is Rood, but It Js malaly made ‘up of
ordinary qualities of State, ‘The sales reported were Oana-
da East at 75@78¢, and Western on p.t Oats firm and in
netive request, Sales State at 45)c. and do, delivered in
New York, at 4c, with but a moderate sapply offering,
Faep—A quiet market, Sales 80 ts, feed at #1,15.
= No.1 Milwaukee
hho at 8105,
ago Bpriog to arrive, at 81, Bie R
1 Milwaukee club ‘at #1,05!47 do
0, 1 Obleago spring at #1,05, and Green Bay club
81.08%. Corn market nominal. Onta steady. Sales
Western. Saturday eveoing, atg6%o. Tbis morning, Oana-
Alon at 36e, Barley nominal at 65@7Ne¢ for good to cholce,
Rye also nominal at about 75c. Pork—Small sales heavy
mess at 815,50,
OSWEGO, Nov, 28 —PLoun—Advanced 25c.
Gal eat 2@4c better on upper lake: sales Chicago
spring No. 1 at $1.10; Milwaukee club No. 1 at @1,10: red
Michigan at #130. Ooro in demand for distilling; sales
damaged Illinols at 56c, Other grains qulet,
TORONTO, ©, W., Nov., 26.—Fiour—There has been
more animation in flour during the past fortnight, and con
siderable sales have been made for the eastern markets at
full rates, which, although the market is at present dull,
are firm, Within the past few days no sales. of moment
have transpired, and in consequence of the different views
of operators, more than the usual difiiculty bas been expe-
rienced in arriving at correct quotations. The following,
however, may be considered pretty nearly correct:—Super-
do No, 2 15 3 fancy, $4,904
16; oatmeal,
c y. 85.
Guars—The business of the week in fall wheat has been
unusually small, owlng to the unfavorable weather, but
extending from that to @1,12—the average
price being 81,91 ¥ bushel. The demand for spring wheat
has been active, and prices have been well sustained, The
sumple has been of « uniformly high character, From 9c
to 97e have been current rates for ordinary and good lots,
and @] for prime samples, Barley Is {n fimited local request
at lower rates; the best samples cannot be placed at above
ide, ranging from that down to Soc, Rye 1s in good local
demand at slightly better figures, say 60 to 65¢ ¥ bushel,
‘Oats continue in moderate supply, without much variation
Jo prices. They rule steadily at 35 to 83c F bushel. There
is not much doing in peas, euzoUas the demand remains
actve, Prices are firm at 60 to 65c W bushel.—Globe,
The Pork Trade.
New Yors.—The Albany,Journa? of the 24th ult. remarks
that dressed hogs are coming formard slowly on account of
the uncertainty of the weather, and we can omly quote sales
to a moderate extent of State at 6,50@7 for light and heavy,
rlces
feeling
0
hether
000
ine, there being no s! ort
‘on Oa the
08,
Tuvisors—Accerding to th
oath Wit the hog market in welling had Go Tae Tees tS
demand) Much complaint 1s made by packers that many
of the live hogs brought here are destitute of lard, and do
hot payfor killing, The markethas ranged trom €3,73 to #4,
Toronto, O. W.—The supply of pork bas)
petter, although as yet the recelpts are not lame prlesy
fentlnue wentremerate. ‘he Faves ingen ete iis the
Tak x rr
ure @5,3735 to $5,00 ¥ 100 Ba, aa jeqnently paid
7 the Lonisville Courier of th. *
pOERTUONeiag end pork DNeKiog eeuson Was fines ene
mapeademnt beaxpseceois 7 ‘he Frankfort
mn
not as yet he:
are re!
Missovnt.—The St. Lovis Democrat of the 32d ult. says:
s Ther weather is more favorable for packers, but not rat
rates
for those averaging 180
‘Bs. AS yel, only stall lots have come fl
have been taken by butchers, were not fre:
quarter, #0 plentiful on the market, These 60@100 head
lots are picked up by packers, and slaughtered when a sufli-
clent number accumulates."
‘The Cattle Markets.
NEW NORE, Nov. a.--The current prices for the week
markets. aF ws:
Beer Oirree First quality, @ c=t, #9.75@10.25; ordi-
pacoas 99,0069,60; common do, $7,50@8,5; inferior do,
Wa AND Carves—First quallty. #50.00@65,00: ordinary
93, ‘fiomnasn0o: Sommon 0, #09,00G40,00; inferior do,
Vest Oacres—First quality, #2, 6@6)c: ordinary do,
S@sxo; joeramag. do, 4@so: feRcr Ay ear ee a
ker —Prime qu a ;
ofnnty 40 aLIADS OD; comsaoN Uo, ¥,00@00: Inferno,
#3,0025,00,
Swine First quality, 6@5Ke: other qualities, 4X@5e,
gghRIGHTON, Nov. 21-—At market 769 beeves, 100 stores
sbeep an 7 ine.
a Market beet Extn. $8,000.00: first quality,
econ, 86 50@0,00; third, 04,755.50.
M
Fee cas tiS two years old, #16@22; three years
Car Score 10190 © BB
's—H10@ 41.95.
, extra, $2@3,50.
tos relall, 6271. Fat
hogs, none.
CAMBRIDGE, Nov, 23.—At market 275 cattle, about 250
Lie? and 35 Late c aaa of working oxen, cows;
tho and three yeurs o
> pmo 5) 500,00; first quallty,
Prices—Market beef—
third quality, $4,00 ;
#6,75@7,00; second qualll
ordinary, 42.00, 3
Stores—Working oxen, $75@150; cows and calves, @25
0); Zearlines, none; two years old, none; three years
old,
Steer axp Lawns—560 at market Prices, in lots, 1,50
@2,0 each Extra, 93. r
IDES—6@7c #h. TALLOW—71@7 Kc BD.
Parts—$1@81,2 each Cane Skins—l0@12c FD,
TORONTO, Noy. 25 —Brer—Pirst-class cattle on foot are
becoming scarcer, and rates have advanced to $5 # 100 ths.
for beef, Second rate cattle are plentiful at $3.50 to 84.
Sheep are plentiful at $4 to 94,50, Lambs $1,75 to $2.75.
Calves are scarce at $6, Venison Is plentiful at ¢4 0 $5 #
end.
‘Woot is quiet at 20to 28c._ Sheepskins, fresh slaughtered,
#1, Peddlers, 50 to 0c Beer hides In active demand at
$6 from butchers and $6.25 from farmers. Calf skins 10c #
b, Tallow l2c#. Lard, rendered, 124c UB,
The Wool Markets.
ALBANY, Nov. 23.—Therg is not mach Janney, for wool.
and the gales of the week have been limited to 40,000 ms. of
medium fleece on p.t. There is no change in prices, and
with a limited stock holders are very firm.
NEW YORK, Novy. 23.—The nals both for native fleece
and pulled, though Jimited, is fly equal to the supply and
prices rule high. Sales of 70,00 ma, State and Western
fleece at 40@65c, the latter for cholce Saxony; 20,000 ms.
common Qalifornia do at 12! 000 do, fair to good, at
20@28c : 250 bales washed Texas at Bic; 700 do fair at 20@
5c, and 60,000 hs, pulled atB5@52e for No. 1 city and extra
country Sarony, Foreign isin moderate demand; sales of
800 bales low common to fair Buenos Ayres at 7@150; 300
do unwashed African; 60 do Donskol and 34do Cape, on
private terms; and by auction, 8 bales damaged Donskoi
sold under Port Warden's inspection at 4)4@10c, cash.
Am. Saxony fleece, ® DB,
Am. full blood Merino
No. 1, pulled .
California, fine, unwashed,
California, common do
BOSTON, Nov, 23.—There Js no change to notice In this
article, Both forelen and domestic are firm, and sustain
full previous rates. Sales of 125,00 ms. fleece and pulled,
and 450@56) bales South American, Mediterranean and
Oape, at full prices,
Saxon & Merino,fine, ,68@70 } Western mixed.
bl 8myrna, washed
Do. ashed.
Buenos Ayres
. No, Peruvian, washed
OHIOAGO, Noy. 23.—The following are the quotations,
which are almost entirely nominal, as but very few sales
are made:
Fieece—Common native, 80@34c; quarter blood, 83@85;
half blood, 8@87e; three quarter blood, 8&@4%c; full
bloed, 48@ 4c.
Pouiep—No. 1, 20@25; superfine, 80@35; extra, 85@40,
double extra, 40@12 —Democrat.
Marriages.
by the Rev. Gro. 0.
Warxer, ALVA E, SWEET, ar of Clarkson, Monroe
county, 'N. Y., and FRANCES ©), daughter of Aurazp
Wanaen, Esq., of the former place.
Ix Jeddo, Orleans county, N.Y.
Advertisements.
‘Terms of Adyertising—Twenty-Five Cents a line, each
ertion, A price and a half for extra display, or 3734 cts.
per line of space. Spsotat Notiors —following reading mat-
ter, leaded — fifty Cents a Line, eack insertion, if ADVANGE,
~The circulation of the RunAL New-YoRgER far exceeds
thatof any similar journal in America or Europe, rendering
It altogether the best Advertising Medium of its class.
TT B4C BARS,
“<“GHT THE BEST-”
Tur practical Teacher will do well to examine the fol-
lowing New Books before deciding to change those he has
now in use for others of the same grade.
‘They are universally approved by those who have exam.
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of the kind yet published.
Robinson's Progressive Primary Arithmetic. Price
15 cents.
Robinson's Progressive Intellectual Arithmetic,
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Robinson’s Progressive Practical Arithmetic. Price
50 cents. .
Robinson's New Elementary Algebra. Price 75 cents.
Robinson's University Algebra. Price, 91,25.
Attention Is also called to
Sanders’ Progressive Series of Readers and Spellers.
Sanders’ Analysis of Words. Price 50 cents,
The above Books may be obtalned by Teachers, in
single copies for examination, at half price, and for
Airst introduction, at very liberal discounts from wholesale
prices, by addressing the Publishers’ General Agent,
D, W. FISH, Rochester, N. ¥.
bi7at at Apaws & Danyey's Bookstore,
AMES G. DUDIBZBY,
NO, 93 MAIN STREET,
BUFFALO, N. =;
GENERAL WESTERN AGENT FOR
HOWE’S IMP OVED SCALES,
STRONG & ROSS PATENTS,
reat Simplicity: Wi iN :
oneeK RODS: KYA NeE NR ant rte NS fainter
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Allsizesshownon Store Floor, Scales for all uses on sale,
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FIRE AND BURGLAR PROOF,
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fa First Premiums at Seven State Fairs in 1858 to
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ha Delis ar stakers’ Prices ee Lists, All Scales Bale
GSPALDING’S PREPARED GLUE.
(Prom the New York Coarier, August 21, 1559.)
PREPARED GLUR.
ADVICE TO FAMILY FOLKS,
{From the Times and Messencer, Angust 21, 1859.)
One of the most conrenlent and useful of all articles
recently discovered, with a view to elicit the blessings af
the careful housekeeper, and abate her pains to keep thines
domestic, intact and Udy, is certataly Spalding’s Prepared
Gloe, No matter what you break (onless it be your head,
perhaps) this Glue steps forward like the genil of order,
and promptly unites the dissevered parts—reduces the
fracture, as a surgeon would say—and renders all whole
again, Toys or tools, chairs or vases, leather, silk, wood or
Flase—{t operates alike magically on. all; and at its bidding
the sobs of the child cease, the gratification of the matron
Is complete, No famligshould be without Spalding’s Pre-
pares ue,
(Prom the Hartford Daily Courant, Sept, 22, 1859]
Everybody needs a Glue-Pot occasionally, but everybody
knows that the old fashioned mode of dissolving glue is
inconvenient. Spalding’s Prepared Glue is chemically held
in solution, is equal to the best prenaration of Cabinet-ma-
kers’ Glue, and js used cold, A brash accompanies each
bottle, and the whole costs only Twenty-five cents.
[Prom the Public Ledger, (Philadelphia,) Oot. 11, 1859,
A USEFUL ARTICLE,
Anew and usefal article, called Spalding's Prepared Glue,
bas been introduced to the notice of housekeepers. It is
reliable and really adbesive, and enables every ho!
to repair furniture and housekold ware without
itis always ready for use,
(Prom the Ladies’ Visitor, September, 1859.)
SPALDING'S PREPARED GLUE seems to be universally
welcomed by honsekcepers wherever It goes: it {s precisely
the ready, reliable, ndnesive substance needed for repair-
ing farniture and household ware,
eeper
yuble, as
(Prom the Boston Commercial Bulletin, Sept, 17, 1859.)
Il, 0. SPALDING is astonishing the natives with bis Pre-
pared Glue, which has won a great repatation, and Is fast
enrichiog its inventor. Mr, Spalding is remarkable for
intelligence and tact, which he exhibits In the style of his
advertising. He is a type of the genuine Yankee.
(Prom the Independent, July 23, 1859,]
GLUE, :
Qur advertising colamns contain some testimonies to the
value of a new article known as “Spalding’s Prepared
Glue," useful to housekeepers for mending farniture. It is
prepared with chemicals, by which it is keptin the proper
condition for immediate use, the chemicals evaporating as
soon ns itis apolied. leaving the glue to harden. Wecan
assure our readers that this article has the excellent phre-
nological quality of "large adhesiveness."
(Prom the Boston Evening Transcript, Oct. 10, 1859.) “3
SPALDING’S PREPARED GLUE.}
‘The value of this Glue for domestic purposes is inestima-
ble, The difficulty of preparing common sheet elue for use
led to the new article. In a liquid state the preparation
can be used without heating, dries slowly, emits no offensive
efflavia, and is ready for application. It is put up in glass
bottles, securely corked, and sold with a brush to apply tt
at the low price of Twenty-five cents, Every family shoul
have the compound constantly on hand, as thereby any
article of wood, paper, crockery or glass can be mended.
It will save more than its cost every month in the year,
(From Frank Leslie's New Fam\ly Magazine, Sept., 1859.)
SMALL INVENTIONS-PREPARED GLUE. 4
The numerous small inventions and mechanical conven-
ences adapted to aid in saving time, money, and labor on
the farm and in the household, are most Re aane for our
material and social progress, and we are always happy to
chronicle all such, however apparently insignificant,
It is estimated that there are over five millions of house-
holds in the United States supplied with cabinet and other
furniture, the various parts of which are chiefly united
with cabinet-makers' glue, and which are likely to become
loosened and otherwise injured or broken by constant use.
From one to two dollars is required for annual mendings
and rep: pea, all of which goes to the professed re-
palrer, Who is usually called in when the dilapidation bas
come unbearable, notwithstanding the homely maxia
“n stitch in time saves nine,”
Nine-tenths of such repairs could and would be made at
bome and In season, were a convenient and reliable ia
fast always at band to be preoughe Into requisition, The
want of such an article has Tong een felt.
Spalding’s Prepared Glue lesigned to supply this unt-
versal want. It Js convenient, cheap, remaios soluble,
retains lts tenacity, is stronger than the hest cabinet-ma-
kers’ glue, is putup in a bottle with a brush, ready for use,
similar to the ordinary mucilage, It is also admirable for
refastening book covers and loosened jeaves, and is just
the thing for the library and for use in schools, where books
are constantly liable to need repair.
[From the Home Journal, Aug, 27, 1859.)
Among the many apparent trifles continually being
brought to the surface from the ideal under-world of the
unknown, there are occasionally almple ardcles costing but
little in detail, but whose combined benefit, usefulness and
economy of time and money, aggregate on the basis of
millions.
Such an article is Spaldine's Prepared Glue, Its uses,
‘as may be seen by reference to the advertisement in another
column, are enumerated, and as its cost Is next to nothing,
the demand for it is universal. It is prepared with chemi-
cals, and used cold, requiring but little skill or time for Its
application.
(From the New Yorker, July 30, 1859.)
Among desirable articles, we may name as foremost the
want of a useful glue, easy of use, and of general and uni-
yersal application to the repalr of furniture, crockery,
sbell work, and other ornamental and serviceable purposes,
‘The prime qualities of a food glue are immediate readi-
ness for use at all Umes, and reliability as a holdfast, And
this is the article which Mr. 0, H, Spalding has been so
fortunate as to introduce, In convenient bottles, with a
handy brush, Spalding's Prepared Glue requires no day's
Prgparatayy eo) ‘cening In water; no heating for use, and no
tedious delays to secure Sts junction and cohesion, bein,
held In solution chemically, and capable of being applied
instantly, and to every variety of work and requirement.
Spalding’s Glue thus proves Itself to be a true housebold
friend, and will be welcomed heartily in all parts of the
country, We have given it a trial, and found it quick as
hunger in taking hold, and firm as death in holding fast,
[Prom the New York Freeman's Journal, Aug. 6, 1859.]
SPALDING'S PREPARED GLUE Js such a simple and
cheap preparation that itis a pity avy house should be with-
outit, Read the advertisement in another column for a
fuller description of the valuable uses to which it may be
applied.
[From the Middletown Sentinel and Witness, July 26, 1859.)
SPALDING'S CELEBRATED PREPARED GLUE is a
useful, ever-needed article in the household and office, It
{simply the best glue, chemically held in solution, is al-
Ways ready to use without heating, and does not thicken
by faving the vessel holding it uncovered. It is put up In
neat little bottles, and is accompanied with a brush.
[From the Springfield Republican, Aug. 19, 1859.)
SPALDING'S PREPARED GLUE, the same that Van
Amburgh glued bis lion together with, Is doing wonders
hereabouts. A boy, up town, glued his play-wagon together
“wrong side up," and the glue did its duty so well, that the
wagon had to be broken again before it could be made right.
{From the Merchants’ and Manf, Journal Aug, 20, 1959.)
Having experimented with a bottle of Spalding's Pre-
pared Glue: and the same having proved itself "A, No. 1,"
we ate now prepared to say to every lodividual recelving
Our journal, that a more convenient article to be upon the
mantle of every house in our country, cannot be found.
For all purposes where the old fashioned glue-pot 1s re-
quired, {t 1s an excellent substitute; it is neater, quicker
and cheaper, while it ‘*sticks" better.
a
SPALDING’S PREPARED GLUE: ©
USEFUL IN EVERY HOUSE.
SPALDING’S PREPARED GLUE,
‘SOLD BY STATIONERS,
SPALDING'S PREPARED GLUE,
‘SOLD BY DRUGGISTS,
SPALDING'S PREPARED GLUE,
SOLD BY HARDWARE DEALERS.
SPALDING’ PREPARED GLUE,
SOLD BY HOUSE-FURNISHING STORES.
sky
SPALDING’S PREPARED GLUE,
S0LD BY FURNITURE DEALERS.
SPALDING'S PREPARED GLUE, _
SOLD BY FANCY-GOOD3 DEALERS.
SPALDING’S PREPARED GLUE,
SOLD BY GROOERS.
SPALDING'S PREPARED GLUE,
SOLD BY COUNTRY MEROHANTS GENERALLY.
Mannfactared by
HENRY C. SPALDING & C0,,
30 Platt Street, New York.
Address Post-Office, Box No. 3,000, iT
A eee) PrFPBOPrLDB’S MInEm:
SANFORD’S PATENT.
on
‘Tur Peorie’s MILL can be putinto any save mill,
‘Tas Psorix’s Mit is the cheapest mill ever offered to the
nublic.
‘Tas Peorur's Mitt E the simplest mill ever made.
‘Tux Prorie’s Mitt is the most durab?e in use.
Tax Prors’s Miu has the most grinding surface of any
portable mit
‘Tue Prorue's Mr requires tess powerthan any other mill.
‘Tre Peorie’s Mitt requires less speed than any other mill.
Tue Prorus’s Mux. {s adapted to any kind of power.
‘Tux Pxorie's MILt Is not a rotary mill,
‘Tue Peorx's Mr obviates all the objections to the cast
iron rotary mills,
‘Tre Peorur's Mit. will grind all kinds of graln, coarse or
fine, for feed,
Tue Psortn’s Mrix will grind plaster, bones, salt, char-
coal, &c., kc.
Tre Prorte’s Mr lareest size, requires only about two
hborse-power,
Tue Peorie’s Mitt requires only about 200 revolutions per
mioute.
Tux Pzor.x’s Mint will grind from 150 to 200 bushels of
grain In 3 hours,
‘Tne Prorte’s Mic. maybe renewed at the costof the plates
‘The Plates are made of hard iron, dressed or grooved on
both sides, and the reclprocatigg motion given ta them,
keeps the krooves sharp, ‘There's no Doit to tt whic
think, 1 of no use on portable mills, The common sleve
afiicient for all ordinary family purposes. Three sizes—
No. 1, hand mill—one man can grind a, bushel in #0 min-
ules—price #200. No. 2 $30,00, No. 3, #40.00. Rights for
sale and Agents wanted. "Liberal dlacounts to dealers
Twill All alt orders for Belting at cost,
General Depot in the city of New York, No. 19 Spruce st.,
where @ Mill can be seen in operation.
ddress R. L, HOWARD, Manufacturer,
517.2 Bailalo, N. ¥.
PPLE SEEDS —150 bushels Fresh Apple Seeds, for
sale by A. FAUNESTOCK & SONS, Toledo, Ohio,
20). 000. TWO YEARS OLD APPLE STOCKS
A for sale, No. 1, at 83,50 per 1,000,
516-2t P. BOWEN, East Aurora, Erie Co., N.Y.
‘OW READY-—Single Copies sent by mall, post-pald,
for twenty-five cen's—Oxe Dozks Ooriss, post-paid, for
Two Dollars. Agents wanted.
THE ILLUSTRATED
ANNUAL REGISTER OF RURAL AFFAIRS,
FOR 1860,
Tre Sixt Nownen of this work is now ready, and pre-
sents features of no less attractiveness and value than its
predecessors, The following abstract of its contents, to-
geuier with the fact that they aré ILLUSTRATED by no less
than Og HoNDRED AND SkveNry-rigit ENORAVING®, will
afford better evidence of this than anything the Publishers
can say.
TI. ORNAMENTAL PLANTING—Tuety-81x ExonAvinos,
IL COUNTRY DWELLINGS—Twenty-rivk ENGRAVINGS—
ae Eiout ORIGINAL DsSsiGNs.
This Is a Ohapter which will prove serviceable, espe-
plally to those who wish suggestions as to neat and Inex-
penslye structures for practical purposes, which with some
taste and considerable extent of accommodations, combine
great convenience of interior arrangement,
TIL HEDGE3—Taratrex Exon yinas,
IV. FENOES AND FENCE MAK(NG—Pirtges ENGRAVINGS.
V. FARM GATES—Firtren ENGRAVINGS.
VI. BARNS AND STABLES—Twenty-Five ENGRAVINGS.
VIL. IMPLEMENTS OF TILLAGE—Twenty-oxe Exora-
viNGs.
VII. OTHER NEW IMPLEMENT3—Six ENGRavixos,
IX, PRUITS AND FRUIT CULTURE—Sevun BNORAVINOS,
X. SUPPLEMENTARY LIST OF NURSERIES.
Xi. RURAL M{SOBLLANY—Twetve ENGRAVINGS.
‘This, preceded by the usnal Calendar pages and Astro-
nomical Calculations. forms # book which Is certainly cheap
at its retall price, while the Publishers, In order to promote
Iia extensive clfculation, are prepared to, offer the most
liberal terms for its {ntroduction ia quantities, either to
Agents, Agricultaral Socieues, Nurserymen, Dealers in Im-
plements and Seeds, or any others who take an interest ia
the dissemination of useful reading, and 1a the promotion
of Rural Improvement,
Address all orders or inquirles to
LUTHER TUCKER & 80N,
Albany, N. Y.,
Who also publish
UNTRY GENTLEMAN—A Weekly Journal for the
re OU Ne Garden, and tho Firealde--Two DOLLAns «
BAR, and
THE GULMVATOR—Monthly—Prery Oexrs 4 YEAR,
SaMpLe Corres
Of these journals sent free to all Applicants,
IBERRSEIRE, PIGS !—0f pure breed and low price.
Delivered in Albany or New York free of frelght.
515-3t WM. J. PETTEE, Lakeville, Conn.
516-2
For #ALE—30 choice Saxony Bucks, of different
styles and crosses, some of them bred py the subscriber
from pure imported stock. _ JOHN R. WARD.
Fails Village, Litchfield Oo., Conn., Noy, 34, "
1s SALE OR TO RENT—On very favorable
terms, an Agricaltaral Foundry and Machine Shop, in
good working order, having a well estabiished business and
requiring a moderate capital, Address
B. J. BURRALL or H. 0. SOHELL,
5154 Geneva, N.Y.
‘VV HEELER & WILSON MANUFAC'G CO'S
IMPROVED
FAMILY SEWING MACHINES,
605 Broadway, New York.
‘These Machines combine all the late Improvements for
Hemming, Stitching and Felling Seams, and are the
best in nse for FAMILY SeWiNo and talloring work,
Prices from @50 vo $160, Hemmers 8 extra,
5. W. DIBBLE, Agent,
Nos. 8 and 10 Smith's Arcade, Rochester, N, Y.
615-t£
TT RORCCeH See STOCK FOR SALE.—The
Subscribers offer for sale a few pair of very fine Im-
proved Sulfolk Pixs trom J. Srickwsy’s stock, Boston: &
few pair of Essex Pigs and a few South-Down Rams from
the stock of Samox Taoanr, of Datcbess Co,, and aufew
Silesian Rams from Wat, Ouastnencats’s stock, Also, a
very fine Alderney Bull. All of the above 1a airect from
imported stock, or its immediate descendants. Address
S1dtf H. & M. 0. MORDOFP, Rochester, N. ¥.
REMOVAL —1 would ae evan announce to my
friends and patrons, that I have removed my office
from Gaffney Block (cor, of North St. Paul and Main sts,) to
NO, 7 MANSION HOUSE BLOCK,
(Over No, 54 State Street.)
My new rooms will be open on and after Monday next.
Aftér a constant practice of 20 years, a large acqualatance
with the best Dentists in the Union, and with extensive
convenlences for doing all kinds of work required In den-
tistry, [am prepared to perform all operations in the most
Spproyed styles, aud at prices that will please all.
ochester, Nov, 4. l4-tf] E. F. WILSON, Dentlat.
IANWOS FOR S150.
WARRANTED GOOD IN EVERY RESPECT,
MADE BY
BOARDMAN, GRAY & CO.,
Albany, N. ¥.
Tae Subserlbers having been Induced, after repeated
application, to make a PIANO at a low price, to meet the
wants of many now deprived of the luxury, have perfected
such an instrament, suitable for
SMALL PARLORS, SITTING ROOMS, &c.,
Finished in Rosewood, a Beautiful Piano, at
ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY DOLLARS,
bay These Planos are FULLY WARRANTED, and have all
our late improvementa..
Oiroulars Furnished on Application, gtoing Full
Particulars. They also oy
HANDSOMELY FINISHED PIANO,
Adapted for School Practice and Purposes, at
ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIVE DOLLARS!
(SEND FOR CIRCULARS.)
| 3, 6%. 7.
ANO-PORTE! ate
All our Piano-Fortes have our Great Improvement,
THE INSULATED IRON RIM,
‘Making them the Best and Most Durable In the World.
(2 SEND FOR CIRCULARS.29
Perfect Satisfaction Guaranteed, or Afoney Refunded,
BOARDMAN, GRAY & co.,
outer ALBANY, 'N, Y.
WANTED.—To sell 4 new Inveo-
5000 AGEN ES nave madeover $35,000 00 one—
better than all other palsy ener ee Send four stamps
c jeala
and get £0 Pages Par OA RATM DROWN, Lowell, Mass.
“ QHAWMUT. MILES” RO! =
QThatiado CUSTOM GRINDING at ihe owen
and baying improved the machinery of our mill for th
parpose, we pledge ourselves to give full saésfaction to all
1 wholesal
a oat Tura iy
M4*= YWOuR OWN SOAP.
SAYPONIEISH:
oR,
PURE CONCENTRATED POTASH.
Won seowie Die Strensth of ‘ordinary Fata One
7
fi me aod wih Mule Fone Manutnstared and: put up i
18 Cage. cane folic wi directVons, at
E.R, DURKEE y
ISLPean sees Ye broptletors
500-256
at up in
@ OBAL-
Bold everywhere,
ANDRE LEROW’S NURSERIES,
AT ANGERS, FRANCE.
‘The Proprietor of these Nurseries, 4 ‘most extensive in
the world, has the honor to inform hi pamarous, friends
and the public, that bis Catal
6 bis, Catalonye or nd. Orna-
mental Trees, i cor a
for the preacni seazon, is now ready,and as tbe dlspoua
RUGUE te
51 Cedar street, New York,
Apply as heretofore, to PAL
Bbr-iamse
WwoRcusTER’S
PIANOFORTE MANUFACTORY & WAREROOMS,
Corner Fourteenth Street & Third Avenue,
ui WORCESTER offers for sale a large assortment of
PIANO FORTHES,
from 6 to 7M octaves In elezant rosewood cases, all of
which are manufactured under bis own supervision, and
ors 7 devoting Rls pesonal atisation to the touch and
ly dew person: ntlon to the t tone
of bis Instrumente whlch have hitherto, been. considered
unrivaled, he will endeavor to maintath thelr previous
reputation, and respectfally solicits
he profession, amateurs aad the publiSS BUT Tees
ROFITABLE EMPLOYMENTI!
AN IMPORTANT WORK FOR AGENTS,
JUST PUBLISHED,
THE LIFE, SPEECHES AND MEMORIALS
oF
DANIEL WEBSTER,
CONTAINING HIS MOST CELEBRATED ORATIONS,
A Selection from the Eulogies delivered on the occasion
‘of his Death, and his Life and Times,
BY SAMUEL M. SMUOKER, LL, D,
In one large volume of 550 pages, printed on fine pay
and bound {on beautiful style; containing excellent it
IMostrations of bis Birthplace and Mansion at Marshfleld;
and a full-length, life-like Steel Portrait. The Publisher
offers Itwith confidence to the American pablls, and is con-
Hinced that cwill kupoly, an important want thy American
Uterature, No work was to be obtained heretofore, which
presented, within a compact and convenient compass, the
chief events of the iife of Daniel Webster, his most remark-
able intellectual efforts, and the most valuable and interest-
ing by a which the great men of the nation uttered
honor of his memory,
We present all these treasures in this volw ata vi
moderate price, and in a very convenient form. Subscrip-
75; handsomely embossed leather,
tion price, in
ample coples sent by mall, postpaid, on recelpt of sub-
scription
Circular, giving contents of the work, and Ontalogue of
my Publications, will begens Pee spcn aot lication, Address
JUANE RULISON, Publisher,
500-6teow 83 South Third Street, Philadelphia, Pa,
UANO.—Woe would call the attention of Guano Deal-
era, Planters and Farmers to the article which we have
on han sale at THIRTY PER CENT, LESS THAN
RUVIAN GUAN
Thence
yy our circulars) & large per centage of Bone Phow, of
imo and Phosphoric Acid. and other animal organio
atter, yielding ammonia suilitient to produce Immediate
abundant crops, besides sabstantlallyenriching the soll. It
can be freely used without danger of burning the seed or
in contact with It, as {s the case with some
; retaining a great degree. of molstura, It
t to
fe promp
ficulars
irmers, a]
soe.
600. 000 ACRES OF HANNIBAL AND ST.
Q JOSEPH RAILROAD LANDS, For Sale on
Long Credit and at Law Rates of Interes
within
Througti a country unsurpassed In the ealubrity of ita Oll-
mate and fertility of is Boll. Its latitude adapta tt to a
greater varlety of products than land elther uorth or south
Orit rendering te profits of farming more certain and
steady than in any other distrlet of our country.
Its position Is such as to command at Low Rates of Frelght
poth Northern and Southern Marketa,
To the Farmer desiring to better lis condition, to parties
wishing to Invest money in the West, or any In searcl of &
prosperous Hani these siege bre commended am,
‘or articular’ appl .
and Gomtalssloner Hannibal and Be Joveph Kallrond,
605-00 Hannibal, Mo.
TP HE, LOGAN GRAPE.—Tue earliest lpeniog black,
hardy Grape with which we are acqualnved. Its
was sent to us thie year earlier than any Olher grape grown
Dut of doors. Berry oval; bunch compack,
Gur Illustrated aad Desériptive Ontalogue of over 70 sorta
of Grapes, ent to applicants who inclose a stamp,
BOLO” 0. P. BISSELL & SALTER, Rochester, N. Y,
purrs UNION FEMALE SEMINARY
Albion, Orleans Co., N. ¥-
The next Schoo) Year of this Institution, commences on
the first Thursday of September next. For Terms, see
Catalogue ut this Ollice, or apply to
L, AOHIL Proprietor,
Albion, N, ¥., Aux. 8, 1859. LES, Prot
(0 HOUSEKEEPERS. —SOMETHING NEW.
B. T. BABBITT’S
BEST MEDICINAL SALERATUS,
Saleratus that,
en from other Salerataas 4
is packed in one pound papers, eact per
lbranded, " B. T. Babbitt's Best Mealcinal Balers.
tus; also, picture, twisted loaf of bread, with |
class of elfervescing water on the top. When
you purchase one Daper you should preserve the:
Su Der and be: Herries get the next exact
e the rand as above.
Full directions for making Bread with this Sal
Jeralus and Sour Mille or Crean Tartar, wil 40
company each pact re; a ection mak.
ing ‘all kinds of Pastry; also, for Bods
faver and Beldilts Powders.
MAKE YOUR OWN SOAP,
wit
B. T. Babbitt’s_ Pure Conoen~
trated otash. a maa
ara ble the strength of ordinary Po
Petraes Paes tea lB
ecto
Bors ap. Gonsuimers wil find tis the cheapest Pa
Potash in’ marke!
aale bi
gabeatal cen i “banner «170
1 ‘ashington. iew Yor
Nos, 68 and70 {a No. 88 India st. Boston.
HoO™M=s FOR Artz
FOR SALE,
At @1,25 por Acre, desirable FARMING LANDS in
1a, Bastern Kentucky, and Middl
asia Lands in Bullvan and Mk’ Ooanties,
Pennsylvania.
to the Awerioaw Ewrorasr Arp
AP No: Us Broadway, New Yorke > HOMMEEAD
Pa a Ee
‘ANO !—Th:
Gorlneat ‘ferilize in reat woraat
e
poe Ee eee ee
STOR HO} Broad) ALL thi
ATH acd tere coe tae tem varrled on fo fis
‘heat 1 ve ret) fhe Sonera Toh
stares and Meal only and tot ened. A. BTRTBON.
Patented July,"
Gin’? Orb. PAGE Rochester, N.Y,
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
RELICS OF THE LOST. nqurchiidcmb of bob pide valialaal las.” La. Le
pe NES
“A varor boat; within bor were two buman skele-
tons... mall Bible jnterlined in many places,
‘with numerous references wr) in the margin.”
[Captain McClintock's Journal.
Ovn stout hearts brave the ice-winde bleak,
Our keen eyes scan the endless snow;
All sign oF trace of those we seek
‘Has passed and perished long ago,
O, flash of hope! , Joyous thrill!
Onward with throbbing hearts we beste,
For, looming throvgh the ice-fog chill,
4 lonely boat js on the waste!
Sad recompense of all our toil,
Wrung from the jron realms of frost,
A mournful, but a precious spoll,—
A reliquary of the lost,
Hero lie the arms, the sail, the oar,
Dank with the storms of winters ten,
And by their unexhausted store
‘The bones that once were stalwart men.
‘Their last dark record none may learn ;
Whether in feeblenees and pain,
Heart-sick they watched for the return
Of those who never came again ;
Or if, amid the stillness drear,
They felt the drowsy death-chill creep,
Then stretched them on their snowy bier,
And siumbered to their last long sleep!
He only knows, whose Word of Hope
‘Was with them in the closing strife,
And taught their spirits how to cope
‘With agony that wins to life—
He only knows, whose Word of Might
Watched by them in their slow decay—
Sure pledge that Death’s long, polar night
Should brighten into endless day ;
And when the sun with face unveiled
Was circling through the Summer sky,
With silent words of promise hailed
‘The symbol of Eternity,
Welcome, dear relic! witness rare!
Faithfal as if an angel wrote;
Though Death had set bis signet there,
‘The Lord of life was in the boat,
[Once a Week,
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
HIDDEN LOVE.
_ Chapter I,
My mother had never loved me. Since my
dear father’s death, I had been almost alone in
the world, and sometimes, in the bitterness of my
heart, I had wished to die—yet there was much in
the world to live for, and I would live to make
others happy. Why it was she did not love me I
never knew. I often thonght it was because I
was not handsome, like my cold, proud-hearted
sister,—self was the shrine at which she worshiped,
—the idol she. adored. I remember once, when
Thad been ill—very ill—how I had lain quietly in
the deep silence and solitude of my chamber, and
wished I might go and be with my dear father in
heaven; for he had loved me, oh! so tenderly—
had clasped me in his arms before he died, and
asked Gop to protect his poor, forsaken child—the
memory of his parting kiss, how sweet it lingers—
but I wander, I remember that I thought then I
would soon get well, had I only some one to love
me; but ab, no one came softy to my little room
and whispered, “how is Exza this morning ?”’ or
placed a loving hand upon my aching head. I had
nearly recovered, when, one morning, summoning
all the strength I could command, I had gone softy
to my mother’s room. She was dressed for an
evening party, and looked so lovely in her glorious
pride, that I thought on such a joyous occasion
she must at least be happy, and her heart filled
with love. Mistaken thought! In the warmth of
my affection I rushed in, and throwing my arms
around her exclaimed, ‘Oh, mother, do you love
me?’ In an instant the pleasant smile was gone,
and{with a frown she replied—* Enia, Ena,”
what areyou doing here? youare always troubling
me with some foolish question—go immediately to
yourroom.” Ishronkfromherpresence, feeling as
if the fountain of love had forever ceased to flow in
my heart, and again sought the quiet of my own
little room. Here I threw myself down in the
abandonment of sorrow—the fountain of tears was
loosed. I wept till I could weep no more, and,
sobbing, fell asleep. From that doy I was a
changed being. Iasked no moreif she loved me—
coldness took the place of all affection—but none
knew the deep well of love which was bubbling up
in my heart,—none knew how my soul yearned for
some one on which to lavish all its tenderness—its
sympathy—its love,
Chapter II,
The years rolled on, bringing their changes. 1
was no longer a child, and with this thought came
one that I would no longer be treated us I had
been. I would forsake that home which had been
Snything but pleasant to me, and would seek that
kindness from the cold and cruel world which had
been denied me by my haughty mother and sister.
My father had a sister residing in the village of
[— and I determined to go and live with her.
Tobtnined a cold assent to my proposal from my
er, but 4s this was all I expected, I was not
disappointed or discouraged, One fine morning I
hastily collected what fow things I possessed, and
started on my journey. 1 arrived safely at my
aunt's house, who received me very affectionately,
and.J felt that she loved me for my father’s sake,
though I thought I would try to get her to love me
for my own, After a few days, ut my request, she
ebtained a situation for me as a teacher jn the yil-
lage school. Here I was satisfied, for I now felt
that I would endeavor to win the hearts of my
Scholars,—well I knew how pure and genuine are
the affections of childhood. In time my object
8 shadow would cross the sunshine of my heart
when 1 thought ef sy mother—she who should
have been my best earthly friend was still a stran-
ger to the affectionate beart her own coldness had
chilled. The village was usually a quiet one, and
not much excitement occurred to disturb the
peaceful harmony with which it was invested.
But it was not always to be thus. One morning
the intelligence came ihat a wealthy brother of
Squire Rexxoups had come home from the East
Indies, and was coming to yisithim. The Squire
thonght nothing except a grand party could give
spflicient honor to auch a distinguished visitor,
All the village was now in agitation, for a party at
the Squire's was considered to be a grand affair,
What rendered the excitement more intense was
the fact that Pency Rayxoups was young, and stil}
unmarried, Great preparations hed been going
forward, invitations had been sent, and a brilliant
time was expected. I had not looked for one,
although Sqoire Reynoxps bad beeo a good friend,
still I did not think he would remember me in the
time of rejoicing. But I was in error—for one
bright morning, just before going to school, Aunt
Many perceived the Squire’s “boy” making great
baste towards our bouse, and in a little time he
had left an invitation for Miss ExLa Waraincton,—
80 the note said, —to the Squire’s on the succeeding
evening. I bad resolved not to go, but Aunt Mary
plead so hard that my resolution began to waver.
She remarked I “‘had been too much reserved—
she wanted me to enjoy myself—there was to be a
great deal of singing, and I was very fond of
music,” so I thought I would go and enjoy that, at
least.
Chapter IT.
The great evening came at last. I had gone
early and saw the guests entering, all with smiles
_| and happy faces,— how many had happy hearts—
Gop knew—I didnot, Soon they gathered in little
clusters around the room, and the cheerful langh
and witty remark was heard ever and anon, as the
numbers rapidly increased. Unobserved, I had
obtained a seat near one of the bay windows, and
entered into conversation with a sweet little girl
who sat near me. Presently the hum of many
yoices ceased, the door opened, and Percy Rey-
notps entered. I did not raise my eyes at first,
but when I did, what a form and face did I behold!
From that moment I felt that I loved him—but
what hope was mine! Here was wealth, beauty
and fashion all assembled to do him honor, and
my heart shrank once more from the offering it
would make of its affection. He was tall and com-
manding in person, his eyes were gray, shaded by
long, heavy lashes, out of which beamed the very
soul of tenderness my heart so long had sought,
Once only did those eyes meet mine, and then with
deep emotion I turned away to answer some ques-
tion of the little prattler beside me. Well did I
conceal my agitation —for when the introduction
took place, I betrayed not the slightest feeling.
Late in the evening, the little child bad wearily
thrown herself on an ottomen, and with her head
resting upon me, had fallen asleep. A large num-
ber had collected around the piano to listen to the
singing. Not wishing to disturb the little sleeper
Thad retained my position, and had listened toa
number of songs with much pleasure. At length
sweet voice fell upon my ear. A young lady was
singing some simple melody, of which I could
hear, at times, the words, ‘sweet mother.”” How
those words brought back the past, the tears came
unbidden, but I forced them back, and, turning
away, I gazed far out in the still night upon the
surrounding darkness, I had not looked there
long, before I heard some one beside me inquire
“how is it you do not join in the singing, Miss
Waruixcton?’ Iturned and beheld Percy. At
first I could not speak—smiled and muttered an
excuse about the sleeping child. Perceiving my
embarrassment, his gentle manner re-assured me,
and I soon conyersed with ease. We discoursed a
long time, until the envious eyes of others warned
me that I was perhaps treading on forbidden
ground—that there were some who thought I was
monopolizing more than my share of the conyersa-
tion of the honored visitor. The visitors were
rapidly diminishing, and consigning my self-
imposed charge to her friends, I arose to depart—
not, however, until I had given Percy consent to
accompany me home, I loved him then, but he
knew it not,—that was a great secret hidden deep
in my heart.
Chapter IV.
Several weeks passed, and I daily went to my
little school with acheerful heart—for I was happy.
But that happiness was too bright to last, From
the night of the party, Percy had shown me a
great deal of attention—had visited me many times
— but only to incrense the jealousy of those more
wealtby than myself. Kare Lawron, the belle of
the village, seeing her many attractions slighted,
had circulated a report that I was maneuvering to
gain Pency's affections, Instantly my pride was
roused, and I then thought I would see him no
more. One night, after school was dismissed, I
hastened home to tell my aunt that I was going to
visit one of my pupils who was ill, so that she
would not be alarmed at my absence. It was ua
lovely day, butmy thoughts were rather sorrowful,
and before I was aware I had arrived at the place
of my destination,
be a highly educated Iady, and had entered into
conversation with her until I had remained much
longer than I intended, I was just preparing to
depart, when I heard approaching footsteps, I
looked and Percy wes standing before me, My
first impulse was to receive him kindly as I hed
always done, but when I remembered my resolu-
tion I turned very coldly and said, “good evening,
Mr. Reynoups, I did not expect to see you here.”
He did not appear to notice my manner, but spoke
very pleasantly and asked if I was ready to go. I
told him I believed Iwas, He informed me he had
called at my aunt’s to see me, and when he found
where I had gone, he thought I would not be ab-
sent long, and had started to meetme. I was very
silent and reserved, though my heart yearned to
speak to him as I had done, I thought it would
be an easy matter to stifle my affection—but alas!
Tlittle knew my own heart. When we arrived at
ome he said he had noticed my manner, and
ee
I found the mother of the child |.
confession, and I would give no explanation, He
said he had something to tell me, but as I was in
no mood to hear it, he would bid me simply,
“good night,” and I was alone!—I thonght alone,
forever! Several weeks passed, and I saw or
heard nothing from him. Romors began to be
circulated that he had gone to New York, and
rumor proved to be correct,—he had gone, too,
without bidding me ‘good bye.” Bitterly then
did I regret my conduct, but it was too late, I
thought of the many pleasant hours I had spent
with him. I thought and judged, from my own
experience, that it was a cruel world, with hereand
there a few hours’ happiness, and the rest dimmed
with sorrow’s tears. Now and then some thought
would awaken its buried melodies, and then, in the
sadness of its desolation, would yield the sweetest
music, because most bruised and broken, even as
the flowers, when crushed to the earth, yield their
purest fragrance. I had been sitting one evening
more sad than usual, when I was told that some
one wanted to see me, I needed not to be told
who it was, for well I knew "twas be in whom my
soul most delighted,—even Percy. I met him
kindly then—for time and absence had changed
me. Long and freely we conversed. I told him
all, and though he chided me, it was so very gently
that I knew Iwas forgiven. He told me of the
affection he had cherished for me—asked me for
my heart and hand, and the love I had so long con-
cealed from him was at once revealed. A few
short weeks sufficed to make all the preparations,
and we were married, quietly, for such had been
my request. We had not been long united, when
T received a letter from my sister stating that she
was married, and that my mother was dead—died
without knowing the yalue of wasted affection—
without Knowing the worth of that love which
would have been £0 freely given. This thought
sometimes sweeps like a shadow across the sun-
light of my path, but the angel of love has awak-
ened new melodies, filling my heart with pleasant
thoughts of bliss and happiness. No dark cloud
obscures the beams of my present joys, but calmly,
peacefully, with my chosen one, I wait the sum-
mons which shall call me to a land of Jove,—its
neme is Heaven. Lipa J, Leapseater.
Dexter, C. W., 1859.
SALMAGUNDI.
To dream gloriously, you must act gloriously
while awake.
A woman who wants a charitable heart, wants a
pure heart,
No house is big enough for two wits to live in
together.
Reverence and Love are the opposite poles of
the mind.
Comuson conversation is the best mirror of a
person’s mind and heart.
He is a first-rate collector who can, upon all
occasions, collect his wits.
Most people seem to tbink that advice, like
physic, to. do cood must be disagreeable.
Tune is thought to be very little use in a man’s
meaning well, if he cannot express his meaning
by his acts.
A secret is my slave as long as I keep itunder;
a secret is my master the moment it escapes from
me.
Faia is the key that unlocks Paradise and lets
a flood of joy into the soul. Faith appropriates
all to itself.— Tomas Brooks,
Wuen God teaches thy reins as well as thy
brains, thy beart as well as thy head, these les-
sons are allin love.—Zhomas Brooks.
Tue human heart, like a feather bed, must be
roughly handled, well shaken, and exposed to a
variety of turns, to prevent its becoming hard.
Ar an evening party, a gentleman carving a
chicken asked a lady what part she preferred. “I
will take a foot handle,” she said.
I mp rather never receive akindness than never
bestow one; not to return & benefit is the greater
sin, but not to confer it is the earlier.—Seneca.
One always receiving, never giving, is like the
pool, in which whateyer flows remains, whatever
remains corrupts.
“I neatty believe, husband, that you and your
fellows will eat up everything we have got.”
“Oh, no we shan’t, wife; we mean to drink a part
of it.’”
How it comes that people who write “prize
odes” are never heard of afterwards? Who will
answer? We insert the above for two reasons—
first, because it is pertinent; and second, because
it is impertinent,
You must sometimes fvel with your friend,
before you can possibly think for him, There is
more need of keeping this in mind, the greater
you know the difference to be between yourfriend’s
nature than your own.—Jyuits of Leisure,
Gop loves to lade the wings of prayer with the
choicest and chiefest blessings. Many Christians
have found, by experience, praying times to be
sealing times. They have found prayer to be a
shelter to their souls, a sacrifice to God, a sweet
savor to Christ, a scourge to Satan, and an inlet
to assurance,
A sour weak in grace has as much interest in
the Lord as the strongest saint has, though he
has not the skill to improve that interest. And
is not this a singular comfort and support?
Verily, were there no more to bear up a poor,
weak saint from fainting under all his sins, and
sorrows, and sufferings, yet this alone might do
it— Thomas Brooke.
A Morwoy isa living paradox. He says grace
before a cotillion, swears in his sermons, selects
his texts indifferently from the Bible, the books
of Mormon, an almanac, or the President's Mes-
fnge, aud is perpetually quarreling for the sake
of peace, His religion is a joke, and he makes
the best story-teller a chief of the quorum, He
Assumes dignities, but bas not the slightest
respect for them; and the effect of his piety is to
put him on a level with the greatest reprobate of
the time. In short, he is the Latter-Day Saint;
or, in other words, the last one you would think
of calling a Saint,
Wit and Humor.
A CHRISTMAS TALE
Ware the last century was flourishing, there
dwelt, in what is now a famous city not a mile
from Boston, an opulent widow lady, who once
ufforded a queerillustration of that cold compound
of incompatibles, called “human nature,”
It wos a Christmas Eve of one of those old-
fashioned winters which were so bitter cold, The
old lady put on an extrasbawl; andas she hugged
her shivering frame, she said to her faithful negro
Servant;
“It'aa terrible cold night, Scip. I am afraid
my poor neighbor, widow Green, must be suffer-
ing. Take the wheelbarrow, Scip. Fill it full of
wood. Pile on a good load; and tell the poor
Woman to keep herself warm and comfortable.
But before you go, Scip, put some more wood on
the fire, and make me a nice mug of flip.”
These last orders were duly obeyed; and the
old lady was thoroughly warmed, both inside and
out. And now the trusty Scipio was about to
depart on his errand of mercy, when hia consider-
ate mistress interposed again.
“Stop, Scip. You need not go now.
weather has moderated.”
The
A Boncowne Fexoz.—Lawyer.— “Now, Mr.
A » Was the fence alluded to a good, strong
fence?”
Uncle Will—“ Yes, sir.”
Lawyer—‘ Well, what sort of a fence was it?”
Uncle Will (holding in)—“It was a Buncombe
fence, sir,”
Lawyer (thinking he had cornered the old
gent)— Now, Squire, will you oblige the court
by giving your definition of a Buncombe fence?”
Uncle Will—* A Buncombe fence, Bir, i8 a fence
that is bull strong, horse high, and pig tight!”
Uncle Will was dismissed from the stand, and
retired with flying colors,
Mns. Partincron makes Shakspeare say: “Sweet
are the uses of advertisements,” It’s so—if he
didn’t say it.
Monomaniac.—A Mr. Mono, in St. Louis, has
just married his seventh wife.
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
GEOGRAPHICAL ENIGMA,—ACROSTICAL,
I ax composed of 85 letters,
My 1, 3, 8, 14,25, 85, 15, 80,8 is a river in thesUnited
States,
My 2, 25, 14, 83, 27 is a county in Tennessee.
My 3, 88, 7, 25 Is a lake in the United States.
My 4, 2, 88, 8, 25, 1,8, 28,22, 91, 35 is three mountains
in the United States.
My 5, 82, 85, 81, 83, 5, 24, 7, 5 is an island in Oceanica.
My 6, 8, 80, 24, 20, 14, 9 is an island in Oceanica,
My 7, 12, 5 is a town In South America.
My S, 3, 32, 35, 80 Js a river in the United States.
My 9, 83, 8, 80, 8, 26, 5, 27 Is a town in the United Btates,
My 10, 38, 24, 25, 5, 8, 35 is a town in Europe,
My 11, 24, 5, 4, 1, 80, 83, 27 is a cape on the coast of the
United States,
My 12, 5, 85, 15 is a county in Georgia.
My 18, 83,1, 2, 8, 85 Is a town in France.
My 14, 5, 14, 6, 20, $ 18 a town in Asia,
My 15, 28, 7, 12, 8 is a group of islands in Oceanica,
My 16, 5, 27 is a river in England.
My 17, 82, 85, 5, 26, 24, 8 is a river in New York.
My 18, 8, 24, 15, 10, 21 is a county in Virginia.
My 19, 10, 82, 33, 15 1s a town in France,
My 20, 16, 5, 24, 27 is a Peninsula in Europe.
My 2, 27, 5, 85, 15, 20 isa lake In Africa.
My 22, 4, 28, 5, 8, 1, 18 is a strait in Europe.
My 23, 8, 8, 5, 35 is a gulf in South America.
My 2%, 7, 8, 14 fs a mountain in the United States.
My 25, 38, 7, 8 is n lake in the United States.
My 26, 5, 24, 1, 7, 12 is a gea in Europe,
My 27, 32, 8, 14, 5, 18 {s a town in the Chinese Empire,
My 23, 82, 24, 5 ts n river in the Chinese Empire,
My 29, 18, 12, 24, 7, 14 is a river in the United States,
My 20, 5, 83, 24, 27 is a county in Georgia.
My 81, 5, 9, 82, 15 Is a river in Kurope.
My 82, 28, 81, 18, 8 is a town in the United States,
My 83, 83, 2,95 is a river in Germany.
My 84, 5, 88, 5, 18, 27, 83 is a town in Asia,
My 115, 25, 15, 19, 5 is a mountain in the United States,
My whole is an {mportantevent that happened about
1496, A. O. J. Harsrar Firoian,
Bridgeton, N. J., 1859,
(2™ Answer in two weeks.
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
ARITHMETICAL PROBLEM.
B ann C purchased 1,200 ncres of land at $1 per acro,
each paying $600, Some time after, C, on viewing it,
offers to take a certain square plece at $1 75 per acre,
to the amount of his advance, to which B consents,
Tow many acres will each have, what is the length of
each side of C's lot, and what does B’s part cost him
per acre? Id. W.
Harmony, Chaut, Co., N. Y., 1859,
Ea Anewer in two weeks,
ANSWERS 10 ENIGMAS, &¢., IN No. 515,
Answer to Miscellaneous Enigma :—Keep cool.
Answer to Illustrated Rebu:
Flora Temple recently made the fastest time on
record.
Answer to Geometrical Problem:—From centro to
centre of the emaller circles is just six inches—conse-
quently, a 6 fuch square may be drawn, and the diagonal
of this square (8,485 plus Inches,) plus six inches, the
diameter of the greater circle, equals 14,485 plus.
Publishe 'S Notices,
TERMS OF THE RURAL FOR 1860,
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Process, it becomes important to receive a great
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7 ADU
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For Terms and other particulars, see last page,
FARM HEDGES,
‘We do not know that there is anything to create
@ special interest at this time on the subject of
hedges for fencing — no new plant that any one is
“anxious to sell at a high price—no new book that
the enterprising publisher is very willing to dis-
pose of for the especial enlightenment of farmers
—yet within the few past weeks we have received
more articles and inquiries on the subject of
hedging than for a year or two previous.’ Per-
haps the growing scarcity of timber, its great cost,
and the difficulty of procuring proper material in
some localities, at almost any cost, has made the
conviction pretty general this autumn, that some-
thing must be done to provide a substitute, and
the sooner the better.
We have long considered this question one of
importance, and have not failed to give the readers
of the Runa all the information possible on the
subject. For many years we hoped that the Osage
Orange would prove just the plant needed to make
a good hedge, and that it would succeed in almost
all sections of our country, nor do we yet des-
pair. But, of late, we have heard repeated com-
plaints of injury by severe winters, of hedges of
several year’s growth, being nearly destroyed.—
There may be some local causes for this, so we
wait for further information, and we hope our
readers at the West, where the winters are the most
trying, will give us their experience. Ifthe Osage
Orangeis too tender—ifit suffers seriously one win-
ter in ten, itis unfit for a hedge plant, and no more
money or labor should be expended upon it—it
must be abandoned, Then we are thrown back to
where we were twelve years ago, when the Osage
Orange was first introduced, not having made the
least progress, only to prove that another plant is
unfit for a hedge. But, we hope better things,
and while on this subject we will remark that
many attempts at hedge growing, in fact most
that we bave seen, are only a farce, as much so as
to go into an old meadow with a hoe, chop holes in
the sod, plant corn, leave it and expect a crop.
Sometimes, the planting is done pretty well, but
after that the hedge receives no care or culture,
We never knew an Osage Orange hedge to suffer
in the winter that had been twice pruned the pre-
vious summer, the last time” the latter part of
August. This late proning chetks growth, and
causes the wood to ripen early, Perhaps an an-
nual pruning in the latter part of summer would
accomplish the same object.
We hear much of the ease of making a hedge in
the mild, moist climate of England, but we can as-
sure our readers that with such care as we gene-
rally give to our hedges, 8 good hedge could never
be made in England. There the hedge is culti-
vated more thoroughly than we cultivate ourcorn,
while the pruning is regular and systematic, and
such, at every stage, as experience has found the
best, On this point we have the following inquiry,
andourremarks, which were intended as merely in-
troductory, have extended far beyond our original
design, 4
Hepors axp Drrewes.—If I understand the way In
Which the much talked of hedges of Eagland,—which
are regarded as models,—are planted, it 1s this: a ditch is
dug three or fonr feet deep and two or three feet across
on the Ontside or roadside of the hedge. Then the
plants are set on a bank, part of the earth thrown out of
the ih bog ied a forming it By this course a
Jow hedge will answer, for cattle would find it hard to
climb s hedge with such a ditch between {tand them.
Could not a similar plan be adopted here with sdvan-
tage?—EL., Onondaga Co., N. ¥., 1859,
Hedges in England are generally grown as our
correspondent supposes, with a ditch on the out-
side, particularly on wet or stiff land. The form
of the ditch may be easily seen by the engraving
below.
:
Ni:
ENGLISH PLAN OF GROWING HEDGE, WITH DITCH.
These ditches, when kept in order, make excel-
lent water-courses, and are often used to carry the
waste water from the field drains, while they keep
the road dry at all seasons. With such ditches,
too, it is difficult for stray cattle in the road to
approach the hedge, and, therefore, in a field not
used for pasturage, a hedge fence may be left unpro-
tected when quite young. It has been contended
that the system of ditching would not answer
for this country, on account of our hot, dry sum-
mers; that the plants would suffer from drouth on
account of the drainage of the water, and the extra
surface exposed. We would, however, like to
have the experiment fully and fairly tried. We
have seen the Osage Orange hedge suffering from
excessive moisture in the spring, where we were
satisfied ditching, according to the English plan,
would be of the greatest advantage.
HARDINESS OF THE OSAGE ORANGE.
By the following, from a correspondent in Illi-
nois, it will be seen that the Osage Orange is not
yet a failure at the West. Late summer pruning,
too, is practiced. This is of the utmost impor-
tance, where the winters are severe, and cannot be
too highly recommended,
Messrs. Eps. :—Seeing an article in your paper
of Oct. 29th from the pen of Wa. B. Rice in rela-
tion to hedge-growing, in which he says, after six
years experience, he found his hedge in a more
hopeless condition than ever, and consequently
concludes that the Osage plant for hedge purposes
in that latitude is a hoax. W. M. Beaucnanp,
of Skaneateles, seems to coincide in that opinion,
Being a lover of, and an adyocate of the Osage
hedge, I feel it my duty to add a mite of practical
knowledge in its favor, I have had five years
experience in cultivating the Osege plant, and
have succeeded very well in forming a strong and
beautiful barrier. I labored three years of the
five under the same difficulty experienced by Mr.
Rice, and came very near forming the same opin-
ion’of the plant, but I observed that the plant
made such rapid progress and continued to grow
so late in the fall it was very tender when cold
weather set in, and, as a matter of course, could
not withstand the winter, and I came to the con-
clusion that the growth must be checkedin advance
of the cold weather to give the wood time to
mature. This I tried, and it has proved effectual.
I find the time to trim the Osage to be from the 25th
August to the 15th of September, One clipping a
year is sufficient under good cultivation. When
the hedge is properly matured stock down to
grass, and it will take care of itself with occasional
trimming. I shall be pleased to have Ww. B.
Rice and others try the experiment and report
through the Rurav. There is not the least doubt
in my mind in regard to the Osage doing well in
New York, with proper treatm@nt. I Spent over
forty years of my life in that Stote, and have some
little knowledge of the climate.
Pera, Ii, Noy,, 1859. 8. W. Woouny,
THE NEWCASTLE THORN, HAWTHORN, &,
Hene we give the experience of an old and skill-
ful gardener with both the Newcastle Thorn (Cock-
spur,) and the Hawthorn,
Ens. Ronan New-Yorker:—There seems to be
a difference of opinion about the English White
Thorn, and with your permission I will give my
experience in hedge growing. I have now under
my care more than four hundred rods of hedges,
Some are doing well, others not so well, and the
White Thorn is becoming a total failure. In the
Spring of 1845, I planted a hedge of two thousand
plants of Newcastle Thorn, (recommended by the
late Mr. Dowsrxo.) I have given it every atten-
tion, not letting a weed interfere with its growth ;
itis pruned every year, and yet it is not what I
would call « good hedge—not as good as hedges of
seven or eight years’ growth, that I have seen in
the old country. In 1847 I planted a hedge of
T
English White Thorn, about forty rods in length,
and gave it the same treatment as the former one,
and the land is the same, and for the first five
years it grew as fine as any hedge could do, but
soon after the borers attacked it—and now nearly
one-fourth of the plants are killed by that insect;
in some places for three or four yards, every plant
is dead, and although the hedge of Newcastle
Thorn is along side of it, the borer as yet has not
attacked @ plant.
I planted a hedge some fourteen years since, of
White Thorn, Beech and Privet, alternately, and
for a number of years it was admired by every one
that saw it, but the last five or six years the White
Thorn is going to decay, end in a few years more
there will not be a plant left; the borer, aphis and
bark louse are doing theirwork. Ihayeplanted over
eight thousand White Thorn at different times the
last fourteen years, and in no instance have they
succeeded well after the first four or five years, and
it cannot be said that I do not know how to treat
them, as I had over twenty years’ experience in a
country where the White Thorn was grown to per-
fection, and our regular sales of that article was
from two to three hundred thousand a year, and a
small establishment at that,
I have more success with the Privet as a hedge-
plant than any other I have tried. I have over
two hundred rods of Privet hedge, varying from
ten to fourteen years, and in eyery instance it is
healthy and a good fence, but it is scarcely formid-
able enough for a farm, though itis fine for a our-
sery, garden or door yard, When I commenced
this article I thought,to bave laid before your
readers the utility of hedges, as @ protection to our
fruits, but will leave it to another time, as you like
short articles, Ie
Troy, N. Y., Noy., 1859.
BEAUCHAMP'S DEFENCE OF THE HAWTHORN.
Mn. Beavcnamp, in the communication below,
which we have been compelled to curtail a little,
for want of room, it will be seen criticises a few
remarks made by us upon a former communica-
tion, and gives a very good description of English
hedges. Mr, B. seems to think our failure with
the Hawthorn is entirely on account of bad treat-
ment, In this respect we are much at fault,
Messrs. Eprrors:—Previous to 1820, very few
hedges were newly planted in England for a period
of twenty or more years. The plan was to allow
them to grow for years, and then cut down and
conyert into firewood—the greater breadth the
more substantial the fence. Hedges seldom occu-
pied in those days less than ten feet in width, often
twice that space. They were often composed of
every imaginable shrub, Hawthorn, Black Thorn,
Sloe, Sweet-briar, Dogs-rose, Honeysuckle, Hazel,
Dog-wood, Alder, Willow, Dwarf Maple, Privet,
&c. This latter plant, at one time, was in great
esteem, as considered of great service in obliterat-
ing defects in the Hawthorn, After some years it
was found that the Privet killed the Hawthorn,
and yet many English emigrants will assert that a
good hedge cannot be made without such a mix-
ture. The hedges growing, planted previous to
1820, were many of them of Crances the First's
time, and some even earlier. Since railroads
became of greater notoriety than in days of yore,
a complete revolution has been effected in the
planting and management of the Hawthorn hedges
in England. They are not entrusted to every-day
laborers, but to men of experimental knowledge.
It is a distinct branch from common nursery
work, I spent 1848 in England, and was surprised
at the appearance in hedges, and the improvement
in their cultivation. On soils that, at a previons
period, were thought entirely unfit for a hedge, I
found flourishing hedges. In 1830 I visited Eog-
land, and I passed over large tracts where, for
miles, a Hawthorn was unknown,—either dykes,
embankments, or stone walls, were the fences used,
and dried cow-dung the only fuel,—yet England is
4 great coal country, and no doubt the inhabitants
that were then strangers to coal have now a knowl-
edge of that mineral, and have been benefited by
its use,
Once more, you say truly that the Hawthorn is
the only good protective hedge in England, and
why ? because experience has taught them remedies
for defects and disease, that were formerly incura-
ble,—formerly if a thin place was found, stakes,
boards, &c., were brought into requisition to
strengthen it, which only made a bad matter
worse, That the tenant farmer is generally com-
petent to manage a hedge, is also true; that the
farm-laborer is, too, I cannot concede. He may be
capable of doing what he is told, and perform his
part with efficiency where strength is wanted,—
but no tenant or laborer would undertake to plant
or manage a hedge in an untried location without
advice from persons of experience. I can assure
you that I have seen scores of miles of the finest
soil under cultivation, that never had a Hawthorn
hedge to enclose it. I have seen scores of hedges
of Maple, (a dwarf kind,) the Hazel, the Bo: e | experience light will be evolved that will direct us
Holly, the Laurel, &c., and in bleak situat
Black Thorn and Sloe. The Horn Bean, too, is
oftenused forthe samepurpose. The great variety
of plants used for fences in England, may be
termed legion. I cannot enumerate all, but the
Hawthorn has the pre-eminence, and I think no
other kind is used where strength and durability is
required. ° |
There is a hedge in this township, an excellent
type of the old hedges in England, composed of
almost all the varieties of plants that will bush,
with here and there a piece of dead wood thrustin
to stop a gap. W. M. Beaucnane.
Skaneateles, N. Y., 1859,
Tus old hedges of England are broad as described
by our correspondent, and composed of a mixed
mass of plants, in which the bramble is generally
quite prominent. The Sloe and the Black Thorn
is the same plant. As fast as these old hedges are
grubbed up and new ones planted, the Hawthorn
is always substituted. Still, there were many
fine Hawthorn hedges planted long before 1820.
In 1832 we saw magnificent (Quick hedges; onein
particular, eight feet in height, and as true as a
wall, which the proprietor informed us had been
planted thirty years. Coal, doubtless, will come
into more general use, as the facilities for trans-
portation increase, but we could not but rejoice at
the ease with which the English laboring poor in
the country provided themselves with their win-
ter’s fuel, A few days labor of the father, early in
the fall, added to what the boys and girls could do
during the summer, and half a day with “mas-
ter’s’orse and cart,” and abundance of fuel is pro-
cured, to keep the family warm and comfortable
during the coldestwinter. Zwrf'and cow-dung, in
abundance, with a choice Jog procured and care-
fully saved for a ‘‘ Christmas Log,” is all that the
laborer desires, and is no mean fuel.
BARBERRY FOR HEDGING,
E. C. Frost, the well known nurseryman of
Havana, Schuyler county, discards the old, and at
least, partially tried plants, and recommends the
Barberry. All that our correspondent can say of
its thick growth, its pretty yellow flowers, its
lively foliage and its beautiful crimson berries, we
cheerfully admit, With a very little pruning it
will make a good thick bottom, and « fine screen ;
but we fear it will not prove sufficiently strong for
an outside fence.
ynat New-Y) :—Thi j i
dines uae Ne ysMonmans This abe: Ba Beenie, and facilitates the use of machin-
been brought before the public in several of the
late numbers of the Rurax, I am induced to send | *
you this. It is an important subject, as some
material must be found for line fences or our
whole system of farming must be changed, and |
soiling adopted in place of grazing.
From observation and experience I have come
to the conclusion that our farms will never be
fenced with the Osage Orange or English Haw-
thorn. I will recommend a plant, and risk the
opinion that it will answer a good purpose.
The Banuerry (Zerberis vulgaris) I believe is
the best material yet grown in our latitude. Ina
good soil it grows from eight to ten feet high—
needs no trimming or training—forms, by its nat-
ural growth, a dense, well-shaped hedge—is not
injured by the mice or borers, as nothing will eat
its bitter bark and wood—is not injured by the
cold—is so thick and close at the bottom that
neither pigs or cats can get through it—never
sprouts except from the stool of the plant—and is
armed with thorns large enough to prevent cattle
from eating or injuring it.
The surface of the hedge is uniform, and covered
with leaves within eighteen inches of the ground,
bears a fine yellow flower in May, and has red ber-
ries, which, if not picked, remain durjng winter.
The berries make fine tarts, jellies, pickles and
candies, and when dried are a good substitute for
tamarinds in cases of fever. I have & specimen
which I believe will satisfy any that the above
opinion is well founded, and invite any who feel
suflicient interest on that subject, to inspect it.
For an ornamental hedge, too, I can imagine
nothing superior. E. ©. Fnosr.
Havana, N. Y., Noy., 1859,
We have now, we think, bronght this question
pretty effectually to the notice of our readers, and
have devoted more space to it than we generally
give to one subject; still, we have not done more
than its importance demands, The time is com-
ing when our fields and gardens will be fenced
with living plants, and we may as well th
about the question and compare notes, to see
progress we are making. That there should be
great difference of opinion in regard to the various
plants and plans of growing recommended—that
some should succeed and others fail—is neither
surprising nor discouraging. This must be ex-
pected in the present state of bedge-cultare in our
country, but out of this mass of somewhat chaotic
t| this locality, a good many persons were seized
with a mania for lightning rods, Disinterested
gentlemen, with but slight pretensions to scientific
knowledge, came along frequently to urge upon
the attention of landlords the protection which
they a!
to put them on your dwellings, barns and out-
honses at such, price per foot!
he | in the sure path to success.
The first lesson we have to learn, is to cease to
be in a hurry—to be willing to wait four or five
years while a hedge is making, perhaps, two or
SPECIMEN OF A WELL-GROWN HEDGE,
three feet in height, and while we are Securing a
good, permanent, thick base, which is the founda-
tion of every good hedge. The engraving above
shows a good hedge, with o base that a hedge-
grower might be proud of,
GROWING TIMOTHY SHED ON THE PRAIRIE,
4
Eps. Rurat New-Yorker:—This is a great,
increasing, and remunerative branch of Western
agriculture. As yet ne such weeds are known
here as mar the meadows and pasture lands of
Eastern hillsides, The soil is well adapted to the
growth of Timothy, and it is cheaply and easily
harvested with a two-horse reaper and threshed
with a machine. Mr. B, grew, the past season,
six hundred bushels on 80 acres, which cost him,
in harvesting, but fourteen dollars besides his
labor. The product frequently reaches in cash
value fifteen dollars per acre. Hence it will be
readily seen that this is a remunerative crop.
But, as at the East, only a few crops are grown
before the yield of grass becomes finer and the
product of seed much less,
To grow Timothy seed we prefer rather damp
land, and should seed in the spring with wheat,
barley, or oats, or the ground may be, and some-
times is, cropped with corn and seeded after the
crop is through being cultivated. We would not
seed as thick for raising seed as for pasture.or
meadow, and think one peck of seed per acre a
lenty. The roller has a good effect upon newly-
| haevesting. The first three crops
vusually pay well, and three years
for land to lie in grass in a well-
age
In view of the facts mentioned in this article,
in regard to the purity of Western seed, we would
recommend Eastern consumers to see to it that
they buy prairie-grown seed—seed grown where
we have never yet seen a daisy, nor a thistle, o: i
any weed which has proved itself ~via !
Eastern meadows.
Land on which Timothy seed is to be grown
successfully, should not be cropped with wheat
and oats too severely, or it may not catch well,
even when yet producing good crops, It is neces-
sary to secure the crop before it has become fully
ripened, as showers and heavy winds are liable
to waste it by shelling. Wehave known instances
where half of a large crop was thus beaten off in
anhour. The proper time for securing is when
the seeds in the top of the head have ripened—
binding in small bundles and setting up imme-
diately after the reaper—it will perfect its seed as
well as early cut wheat,
grown among wheat at the East, and cut so green
that nearly all the hull, or outside, was rubbed off
in passing through the machine, leaving the naked
flesh of the seed which grew well. There is no
danger of injury to the seed, therefore, from this
cause, although we would not cut as green as
above spoken of. After it has stood for a little
time in uncapped shocks, it should be secured,
either by threshing or stacking, and carefully
covering the top of the stack so water cannot get
in to destroy it.
husbandry bave proven more profitable than
growing Timothy seed.
We have seen seed
Few departments of Western
J. 8.
Temperance Hill, Lee Co., I1L, 1859,
or
EXPERIENCE WITH LIGHTNING RODS.
Ens. Runat New-Yonker :—Several years
efore the advent of the Chinese sugar cane in
to buildings, and, by your leave, sir,
With a little
insulated wire on the ridge, baving numerous
upright pointers, and one end plunged deep in
the ground, what could the “bolts of Jove” do
towards hitting o building thus guarded! They
would never undertake it, or if they did, this cute
contrivance of man would give them such an
angular slant as they little dreamed of, and send
them, hissing and chopfallen, into the bowels of
the earth! The argument was so conclasive that
the writer went into it, or rather, the humbug
went into him, to the amount of two or three
hundred feet.
A little while after, a rod that ran down the
gable end of the barn got severed in twain some
six feet from the ground, and it would haye been
instantly repaired but for the opportune sugges-
tion of u friend, that the electric current was
sprightly, and could jump that short distance
with all ease, So I let it go. When the rods
were put up, I objected to more than three up right
pointers, believing that numberwould be suflicient
to “draw,” but the gentleman having the job
claimed that each spire of the height used would
only “protect” a radius of six or seven feet, and
hence, that at least five were necessary, the ridge
being sixty-six feet in length. And the five went
up. Efforts have from time to time been made to
keep the whole string “on guard,” but they fre-
quently get out of the perpendicular. While I
write, two of them lie horizontally with their tips
south, which political friends consider ominous,
but which they ought not to so long as three of
them—the larger half—continue to point heaven-
ward. There is trouble also with the rod which
runs along the ridge. The little bone or horn
“jnsulars,” not being good to stand the weather,
have crumbled and worked loose from the iron
fastenings, so that the metal of mysterious power
to convey the subtle fluid when properly adjusted,
lies along loosely on the roof. At the first thought,
it seemed to me that this position was not entirely
safe for the building; but reasoning that if the
little rod had force enough to draw down the
lightning from the clouds, it would also have the
requisite ability to hold on to it in spite of the
shingles, (unless, indeed, wood had greater attract-
ive power than had hitherto been ascribed to it,)
I concluded to make no serious efforts to keep the
insulation perfect.
The whole thiog, on both barn and house, may
go to the Onondaga advertiser of sorghum sirup
for a few, a very few, gallons of a good article of
his own growth and manufacture in this year
1859, he to do the exchanging. And thereafter,
for security against lightning, I shall only trust
the Gop of Storms, whose bolts are neither hurled
by chance, nor thwarted by any Heaven-defying
three-eights wire, but always and certainly accom-
plish the exact purposes which His wisdom
designed. W. B. PL
Prattsburgh, N. Y., 1859.
Sw
ERADICATING MILKWEED.
Eps. Rurat New-Yorker:—Sometime since I
Saw an inquiry in your paper concerning the
best manner of eradicating the ‘milkweed,” by
which name, the inquirer probably means the
“ Asclepias Cornuti,” of Lixyxus, I have seen
this pest killed in two ways. One of my neigh-
bors put a large flock of sheep ina field overrun
by it, and kept them there all summer. There
were about twice as many sheep as the pasture
would support, and to avoid being starved, the
sheep ate the milkweed as fast as it appeared.
The same treatment was pursued the next sum-
mer, and there has been no milkweed there since,
This method nearly killed the sheep also, Tho
most profitable way of killing milkweed, is to
plow deeply and have a boy, (or boys,) follow the’
plow closely to pick up every root; putting them
into a basket carried on one arm. When the
basket is fall, the roots can be thrown out into the
corner of the fence, or apy place where they will
not get covered by soil. The creeping “‘rhizoneas,”
or root stems of this plant, are so tenacious of
life that they will only multiply by plowing and
caltivation, unless they are entirely removed
from the soil. A neighbor of mine eradicated the
milkweed from a field of ten acres, in three or
four times plowing, and carrying off the roots in
the above manner.
The surest way is not to let the enemy get a
foothold. It is a worse weed than Canada thistle,
and, like that, its sole use seems to be to point out
the absence of yood far ming.
Weatfield, N, Y., 1859, D, A, A, Nicwors.
++
SPECIAL PLACES FOR WINTERING BEES,
Ens. Runat New-Yonker:—It is presumed the
bees are snugly put in winter quarters before this,
The main object is to have them so wintered that
the stocks will be strong and healthy in the spring.
Tn order to accomplish this they must haye suit-
able warmth, dryness, and suflicient upward yen-
tilation to carry off the vapor arising from the
bees. If bees are kept in a dark room, or cellar,
which is neither too warm nor too cold, they remain
almost dormant and consume much less of their
Winter store than they would if exposed to atmos-
pheric changes, or disturbed inany way. In order
to bring about the fall benefit of a special depository
you should give the bees that are kept in a cellar
or dark room, a very little ventilation at the bottom
of the hive. If the hives haye holes through the
top, for a passage into the surplus honey boxes or
chamber, leave them open go that the vapor can
Pass off freely, In common box hives bore from
two to four inch and a quarter holes through the
top, near the sides of the hive, and leave them
open. If put ina chamber or garret where they
would be somewhat exposed to the light and the
atmospheric changes of winter, give them a little
air at the bottom, and place the honey boxes on
the top of hive so that the vapor or dampness
arising from the bees can pass off freely into them.
If a box hive, bore holes, as above stated, and
place a box over the top seven inches deep and
_ large enough to cover the holes. If the room or
| garret isnot toocold, you can nail screen wire over
the holes and leave the boxes off.
If the air becomes, from any canse, too dry
where the bees are kept, water must be given them
48 they cannot raise their hroods without it. They
commence their brood usually in January, in
strong stooks, and water is indispensable to keep
them and their brood healthy. From the first of
January till the time they are placed in the open
air you can give them water by injecting it with a
quill, or small syringe, through the holes in the
top of the hive in small quantities at a time—or
place it in a sponge or shallow vessel where they
can have access to it without being chilled. One
strong healthy stock in the spring will yield more
profit in honey than half a dozen weak ones. I
am persuaded by what is known of the habits of
the honey bees, that they can be more successfully
wintered in the open air, in hives rightly con-
structed and protected against the cold and the
north and west winds—and tbat bees continue
mere healthy and vigorous than when placed in
special depositories. Such has been my experi-
ence. E. Kinsy,
Henrietta, N. Y., Dec., 1359. ,
FACTS ABOUT POTATOES.
A Goop Yierv.—For the benefit of those who
believe in using a large quantity of seed, please
publish the following: I planted a half bushel of
large sized potatoes, last spring, on dry sod,
broken deep, I cut them in pieces, one eye to a
piece, and two pieces to a hill, making seven
hundred and twenty-four hills. Some hills miss-
ing when dug. I obtained from the whole, fifty-
three bushels, good messure. From ninety-seven
of the hills, separate from the rest, I obtained
eleven bushels.—C. G., Purke Co., Ind., Nov.
1859.
Wixt Porarors Mix 1x tas Hitn?—My expe-
rience is that they will. I am a farmer, andI
grow twenty-one different varieties of potatoes.
Iwas awarded the first premium for the greatest
yariety of table potatoes by the Livingston County
Agricultural Society, the present year. It causes
a great deal of care and trouble to keep each
yariety separate from the others, it being neces-
Sary to plant them side by side, and stick a stake,
with the number and name written on the stake.
I find by continuing to plant the different varie-
ties side by side the finer varieties degenerate, or
partake more or less of the flavor and color of the
coarser varieties. To fully convince myself that
potatoes would mix in the hill, last Spring I
planted two hills of potatoes, and put a set of the
Blue Mercer, and the Long Pink Bye in each bill,
On digging them this fall, I found one potatoe in
each, one balf of which was Blue Mercer, the
other half Long Pink Eye. The potatoes were of
good size, and the division run lengthwise of the
potatoe. I shall experiment further on these two
potatoes.—F. Ketroce, South Avon, Nov. 1859.
In experimenting on this point it is best to
plant varieties as different as possible in form,
color, and other characteristics, Then, be sure
that there are none self-planted, that the potatoes
which appear different are really attached to the
same stalk, and that the difference is really such
fs distinguish different varieties. There is
always a good deal of difference in specimens of
the same sort which are doubtless pure,
Toe Wire Mesnanock.—I notice in the
columns of your valuable paper, that K., of
Niagara Co., wishes fora description of the White
Meshanock potato, and for his benefit, I would
describe to bim through your paper the only
genuine White Meshanock potato, and the one
that has been the favorite of thy family for many
years. It is very early, has small tops, resembling
those of the Clouded Meshanock, is of a long,
round form, smooth surface, prominent eyes,
extending to about the general surface, and an
average-sized one has from eighteen to twenty-
four eyes, is perfectly white both inside and out,
whether cooked or not, and when cooked is of a
mealy nature, and if baked the most desirable
potato I ever saw; when boiled is very tender
and quite likely to crack or fail to pieces. It is
probably as liable to rot as any other kind, still in
our country it seldom ever fails. They yjeld well,
andin our market are eagerly sought for, and
generally sell from six to twelve cents per bushel
tore than any other kind raised in our country.—
W.S. Curtis, Fairwater, Green Lake Co., Wis,
+—______
RURAL LETTER FROM IOWA.
Ens. Ronat New-Yorken :—I believe those who
write to you about their crops, tell of wondrous
achievements in agriculture, but I suppose there
is a corner somewhere for a letter from the farm-
er's wife who can only tell the story of the majority
of farmers,— medium crops,
To-day in Jowa is a fine sunny day, stich an one
as we did not expect to see after the cold of last
Sunday; the weather has been very favorable for
Securing fall crops, I think I never knew so
pleasant a November, The wheat on our farm
yielded nineteen bushels to the acre. Just after
harvest it was 50 cts. per bushel,—that, it is said,
will just barely pay expenses,— it is now 74 cents
per bushel. There was a report in one of the city
papers, from every county in the State, giving the
proceeds of the wheat crop, and proving that it
will not pay to raise it in this State. Oats
were 80 bushels to the acre, and corn sixty, some
acres as high as eighty or ninety—it is selling
at 20 and 25 cents per bushel. Many farmers say
that the most profit may be realized by feeding the
corn to hogs instead of selling it.
Butter and cheese-making cannot be made as
profitable here as in the East where they have
tame grass, and where the cows are fed vegetables
in fall and winter. From what I hear I should
think that cows in the West do not give as many
quarts of milk as they do in the East. I know the
same amount of butter cannot be made from the
me number of cows. During the summer it
ranged from 8 to 10 and 12 cents per pound. Very
little, if any, is packed for sending away, and such
quantities are brought to the market that itis very
cheap—now itis 15 cents. Some people areof the
opinion that as good butter cannot be made here,
where the cows eat wild grasses. I am sure we
have made as good butter as I ever tasted, but we
have not the conveniences in the way of spring-
houses, and cool, proper cellars, such as are found
in older States. I think, however, that more dif-
ference is made in the butter by the clountiness of
pans, pails, cream-pots, churns, &o,, than in any
thing else, for I fancy that when I wash every dish
myself that the butter is a great deal sweeter.—
Then, the working of the butter may be dong in
such a way as almost to spoil it, making it greasy
—there is a right way, which we can hardly ex-
plain, but if any beginners would like to witness,
we can give au example, and that, Mr, Editor, is
said to be betterthau precept. There is one advan-
tage, however, it costs very little to keep cows as
they run upon the prairies during the summer,
I wonder if Iowa can ever become a fruit-grow-
ing State, some say it never can, because fruit
trees need the protection of timber— that w tim-
beredcountryis the best. I donot thinksufficient
attention is paid to setting out orchards, as but
few fix upon a permanent location,—the idea of
selling out at a bargain is too much in mind.—
Time passes on, the ordinary crops of corn and
potatoes are attended to, and all the little adorn-
ments and comforts of a beautiful farm which
make the home so pleasant and desirable are ne-
glected. We donot realize thatevery tree planted,
every improvement made, adds to the value of the
farm in dollars and cents. How many exélain—
“It takes so long for an orchard to produce fruit.”
What of it? Does it not look beautiful while
growing {—can we not enjoy noting the growth of
the trees, and shall we not plant, that the ripe, lus-
cious fruit shall crown the board on ourchildren’s
wedding day? Lvevta Morris,
Talip Hill, Nov., 1859.
SAVING FODDER,—FARM MILLS,
Soe useful hints about saving fodder, from a
farmer in Chautauqua county, are published in this
week’s number of the Rurat New-Yorner. He
speaks of the Sanford Mill, which I bave re christen-
ed by the name of the “ People's Mill,” andam now
manufacturing of different sizes and capacities, as
“not grinding but breaking the grain, but at the
same time making fine meal.” This is not pre-
cisely the operation, because it both crushes and
grinds the grain, on a new principle, with less
power, with great rapidity, and does not grind all
the life out of the meal.
I make this correction, for fear a wrong impres-
sion should be made upon the public mind. I
intend that the People’s Mill shall deserve its
name, Having pioneered the way for cutting
grass, by the manufacture and sale of many thou-
sand of Ketcuum’s Mowing Machines, I have now
added to my list of manufactures, this People’s
Mill, the adoption of which and general use among
farmers, will add more to the wealth of the country
than any agricultural implement ever invented,
except the plow. Farmers now feed in fattening
one hog, from 60 to 75 bushels of corn in the ear,
but if they would shell and grind the same quan-
tity of corn and feed the meal dry in a trough
where it could not be wasted, it would fatten three
hogs instead of one, and make 1,200 pounds of
pork of much better quality, instead of 400 pounds
of inferior quality. Hete would be saved more
than the cost of the largest size of the ‘‘People’a
Mill,” which is only $40. These facts have been
demonstrated by actual experiment. The same
astonishing results would follow, in feeding stock
of all kinds. R, L. Howarp.
Buffalo, Deo. 8, 1859.
Rewanxs.—The above is a “first rate notice,”
or advertisement, and hardly admissable; yet, as
it is in reply to a correspondent—a correction—
and from one entitled to respect from his position
and efforts in an important branch of improve-
ment, we insert, even at the risk of establishing
a bad precedent,
————e
Inguivies and Answers.
Best Srzinc WHeat.—Will some of your correspond-
ents name the best variety of spring wheat, and the
bost time for sowing, in order to escape the midge, and
also the rust, on our hills in Madison county ?—L, G. D.,
Morrisville, N. Y., 1859.
Cuexse—Inquiries.—Although the time for making
cheese has gone by for the current year, atill the keep-
ing safely during tho winter is no inconslderable item,
While my band fs in, let me ask a few questions about
the whole subject of cheeseology. What is the most
approved method of preparing, saving and using
ronnet? What quantity of salt should be used in mak-
ing, eay twenty cheeses? What is the practice of
cheese-makers who make double curds? In rubbing
cheese during the curing process, is any other ingre-
dient used than butter? Finally, what is the most
approyed way of keeping cheeso over winter? Belng
green in the cheese ling, I will be infinitely obliged to
some old hand if he or she will respond through the
farmers’ vade mecum, the Ruwat New-Yorker —Fre-
ponta, Marshall, Mich,, 189,
A Cuzar Roor Currer.—T. S., of Orleans Co,
inthe Runar of Noy. 26th, wishes “a simple and
cheap Root Cutter which farmers can make them-
selves.” Please tell him to make an old fashioned
Cabbage Outter, and he has it. Itis simplya plank
with a knife fixed across diagonally, (an old
scythe will make half dozen,) leaving an opening
much like that for a plane iron, for the slices to
fall through. Then, make a square box as large
as the width of your plank, letting two of fe sides
go below far enough to fasten cledts on, ander
your bed peice, so that the box will slide back and
forth, fit a follower, with a handle, into your box,
and the thing isdone. Zio knives, the edges in
opposite directions, will work faster—A. S.C.,
Pittsford, N. ¥., Deo., 1859.
e+
Woop Asues ror Tus Pea-Buo.—If it would be
of use to any one, I would say that a sure cure for
the pea-bug will be found in wood ashes. Wet
the sced, then put in ashes enough to dry sufli-
ciently for sowing, and your crop Will be free from
them, as I have proyed more than once.—L, G,
Dean, Morrisville, M. ¥., 1859.
—<———
Enrnara.—tIn your issue of Dec. 8d, you make
me say (what probably I wrote) “you buy a buck
of Messrs. Block, Corn & Co., of Vt.” That is not
the name of the firm. It should be Hack, Corn &
Co. Block, Head & Co. bought the buck, and live
farther West.—u. 7. 2,
Rural Spirit of the Press.
Woot-Rot in Sheep.
Foor-ror is essentially an inflammation of the
softer parts of the foot, about the horny covering
of the hoof, which is contagious; so if it once
appears and is not checked, the whole flock is gen
erally injured. The disease may be known by the
following symptoms :—The animal limps, walking
as if the feet were painful; the hoofs are hot, and
the skin adjoining swells with symptoms of fever,
ordinarily being alternal hot and cold by spells,
The inflammation is partly in the cleft of the foot,
partly in the toes under the hoof, and partly under
the edge and thin part of the hoof. The appetite
fails as soon as the fever appears. If the fever
abates and the appetite returns, it will go well
with the sheep, unless the decay of the bones
(caries) sets in, which symptom attends the most
malignant form of the foot-rot. On the second or
third day following the appearance of the disease,
the hoofs and adjoining parts lose their reddish
color, and become at first whitish and then pearly
color, the skin in the cleft of the foot meantime
being redder, more like the natural'color. Then
follows o watery discharge of exceedingly offensive
odor, the skin separating from the parts beneath,
and the foot becoming more painful as the lame-
ness increases. The inflammation continues to
increase, and extends farther under the hoof and
deeper into the flesh, and affects more extensively
both parts of the foot, on both sides. The cleft
becomes gradually deeper by the dividing of the
flesh; the tender flesh that unites the hoof to the
bones of the toes softens, and results in the hoof
falling off entirely in about three or four weeks.
Remedy.—As soon as the true malignant rot is
discovered in the flesh, the diseased sheep must be
separated from the healthy ones, and the stables
must be cleaned, The best remedy for this disease
that I have found is butter of antimony, (butyrum
antimonii, or chloride of antimony,) and spirits of
hartshorn. The spirits of turpentine and blue
vitriol mixed t@zether are also very good. The
animal must be turned upon his rump, that the
feet may be thoroughly examined, and all the dead
parts cut away with a sharp knife down to the liy-
ing part; if it bleeds a little, that does no harm.
The foot must then be smeared with the mixture
of turpentine and blue vitriol. It is sometimes
woll to bind up the foot in a linen bandage. The
animal must not be allowed to go in any soft or
dirty place, but should be kept on dry straw litter,
Every fourth day they must be carefully examined,
one by one, and the remedy again applied, as long
as is necessary. If this is strictly adhered to, in
the course of a month the flock will be entirely
sound again, the appetite will return, and the
animal in a short time be in good condition.—
Cant Heynz, in WV. Y¥. State Ag. Transactions.
White-Skinned Fowls.
A mankep preference is shown by many poul-
try dealers for yellow-legged and yellow-skinned
fowls, a preference easily traced back to their eus-
tomers, as dealers generally buy most largely that
which sells most readily, Wilson Flagg says, in
the New England Farmer, that some years ago he
heard a Frenchman remark that this supposed
better quality was a mistaken idea — that the
reverse was true, ‘In France,” he added, ‘the
yellow-legged chickens are considered unfit to be
raised. Their flesh is dry and stringy, compared
with that of the blue, black and white-legged
fowls, whose flesh is by far the most tender and
juicy.”
Mr. Flagg says that he has taken considerable
pains to test the above remark, and has found
them to be correct. ‘The yellow-skinned fowls
have commonly either green or yellow legs; those
with black, blue or white legs have a white skin.”
There are some exceptions, but they are not nume-
rous, ‘“Iraise,” he adds, “a great many chickens
eyery year for my own table, calculating to supply
it weekly with one pair from July to February.
They are all raised and fed in the same way, yet
the yeliow-legged individuals have almost always
been found inferior to others with white skins.
The last are most tender, delicate and agreeable.”
Mangold Wurtzel.
In a recent lecture before the Farmers’ Ciub
of London, (England,) a Mr. Burner made some
statements respecting the raising of mangold
wurtzel, from which it appears that fifty-five tuns
per acre of this root have been obtained, at a cost
of $36 for various manures. In the month of
November the tops are hauled out into the cow
pasture, and serve to increase the milk considera-
bly ; the pigs reyel for a month in the article, and
the sheep turned on to the field to finish the crop,
so that nothing is lost. Mr. B. estimates their
yalue for feeding purposes, when compared with
other crops, as follows ;:—Ist, potatoes; 2d, pars-
nips; 8d, carrots; 4th, mangold wurtzel; 6th,
Swedish turnips. They are preferred after hay-
ing been stored through the winter, as when fed
just after digging they are liable to scour animals
fed on them, An ox fed on mangolds gained
sixty-five and a half pounds of flesh per tun, while
the same animal gained only forty-eight and a half
pounds per tun, fed’on turnips.
Feeding Sheep.
Tuene is no season of the year when sheep
are more liable to lose nearly all they have gained
than in November and December, and if they do,
there is an end to the hopes of a crop of wool; for
the want of food bas the effect of stopping the
growth of the wool, and the moment the growth is
stopped, the end of the fibre is completed, &
change takes place, it becomes dead, in a manner
avalogous to the stem of ripe fruit, and a renewal
of good feed after these months, and after the
growth of the wool bas been once stopped, only
prepares the skin to send forth a new growth that
pushes off the old fleece, and causes it to be lost
before shearing time. So ssys the Michigan
Farmer.
Brine Poisonous to Animals,
Tur Kentucky Turf Register says o gentleman
at Lawrenceport, Indiana, recently emptied brine
froma pork barrel into the yard. A number of
hogs, and also one horse, partook of it. The re-
sult was that the horse and seven hogs died in less
than six hours after the barrel was emptied.
a
Agvicultural fHiscetlany.
Rvean Marrees iN THe oj
olty is mot great agricultarally, Sad Vials
inatltatlons desigacd to advance the intercsts of our
Raral Population. Soveral of these we have bad the
Pleasure of visitiog within the past ten days—such ny
the Ag. Book Pablishing House of Saxtox, Banxen &
Co, the Offices of the American Agricutturist and
The Horticulturist, the rooms of the American Toati-
tute, &e. We found Messra, SAxTON & Co, amiable
and smiling—Indices of what we cordially wish them,
prosperity and happinees; while our friend Jupp and
ols associates wero apparently “enjoying the samo
blessing,” and we presume as deservedly. We rejoloo
in the success of all honest and sincere Jaborers in the
cause of Rural Improvement, wherever located, and
regret that any should exbibit a spirit of envy or jeal-
ousy toward those whose best energies are directed to
the accomplishment of laudable objects. Surely the
Aeld of effort embraces “ample room and verge
enough” for all wise and devoted laborers, and instead
of one depreciating the efforts of another, each should
nobly strive to excel in his sphere, and Present a record
worthy of emulation by ils peers and contemporaries,
Of the “institutions” and managers alluded to we
would eay more did time and space permit, for our
Interviews, though comparatively brief, were pleasant
and instructive, We must, however, defer or omit
extended remarks. During our eojournin Gotham, we
also had tho pleasure of meeting Col. Jounson, Secre-
tary of the State Ag, Boclety, Mr. Quinny, the Bee
Culturist, Messrs. Ronrnson and Oxcort of the Tribune,
Mr. Meap of The Horticulturist, Mr. L. E. Breck mans
of Georgia, and other prominent promoters of Rural
Improvement,
A Caxapias Prowine Marcn.—The award of Pre-
miums made at the Annual Plowing Match of the
Branch Ag. Soclety gave rise to a spirit of emulation
belween the towns of Seneca and Onelda,. (Seneca
securing seven of the prizes—Onelda four,) and, in order
to settle the vexed question of superiority, a contest waa
instituted between their respective representatives.
Five were chosen on a side, and on Tuesday, Nov.
20th, the trial was made, “Owing to the frozen state
of the ground,” remarks the Haldimand Z'ribune,
“plowing could not be commenced until Iate, conse-
quently it was almost nightfall when it was concluded.
The judges being unable to examine the whole of the
work sufficiently before darkness set in, put off a deci-
sion until the following day. The whole of the plowing
was executed in a masterly manner, and so nearly
equal was it, that every one predicted that the jadges
would have a most difficult task in assigning the pref-
erence. On Wednesday morning the judges having
chosen an umpire, visited the ground, and, after {n-
speoting the plowing, awarded the premium to the
Seneca plowman.” An excellent mode in which to
settle “disputed points”—will not our Societies adopt
it, and thus put fault-finders “on their muscle?”
A Move rs tae Rigut Dinecrios.—In compliance
with a wish expressed in a late issue of the Runt, we
have received the following from a Town Ag. Society
in Niagara Co, :—* As you desire to have the doings of
Agricultural Societies and Clubs furnished you for
publicetion, we will state that, at amecting of the Wil-
son Ag. Society, it was resolved to hold meetings once
in two weeks, at the district echool-house in the village
of Wilson, or such other place as the Soclety ehall
select, for addresses, essays and discussions on Rural
subjects during the winter. The next meeting will be
on the evening of the 12th inst, at which time
the Sercetary is to deliver an address, after which the
question ‘What crops can be most advantsgeously
grown in an orchard isto be discussed by the mem-
bers—farmers’ club fashion.—E. 8. Hotares, Secretary.”
How many of the farmers comprising the Rvzau's
parish will do likewise?
Lavres anp AGricuttvne.—There Js a great deal of
mock modesty in this world. Some people make euch
pretensions to refinement that they cannot bear the
sight of o matchless bull or a model cow, without
exclamations of wonder, We don’t believe in such
modesty as this, God gave man dominion over the
lower orders of creation, undoubtedly, with the expec-
tation that he should see and know them, and whoever
ignores this fact, ignores a fundamental law of creation.
There is nothing unwomanly in the idea that a lady is
able to “converse wisely and wilttily” with a gentlo-
man on agricultural topics. Ladies ought to be posted
on the subjects which deeply interest their fathars, hua-
bands, brothers and beaux. Every woman should have
an intelligent sympathy with her busband’s calling and
render him all necessary co-operation. Reading agri-
cultural books {a full a8 healthful to the mind of either
sox us reading novels, and walking in tho flelds full as
profilable as shopping for exerclae, So saith the
Springfeld Republican, very sensibly,
—-.-_——
Baztey Ani Oats ix Matse.—The Maine Farmer
states that “Mr, Hexey N. Jounson, of Vassalboro,
ralsed, the past season, on two acres and five rods, from
flve bushels: sowing, oné hundred bushels of barley;
and on one acre, from thres bushels sowing, seventy
bushels of oats.” An opportunity is afforded for
farmers living nearer sunset to “enlarge upon the
subject,” and the editor of the Furmer;in bis imter-
rogatory,—* Can the West come up to this ?”~cordinlly
Invites competition,
AnantAn Horses ror New Yous,— We loara that
Ex-Goy, Szwazp was presented in Aloxandrla with
three superb Arabian horses, which will be shipped to
this country. Two of them will be presented to the
N. Y. State Agricultural Society. The State Ag. Jour-
nal expresses the hope “that these horses will arrive
safely, and, if placed in charge of the Society, they will
be in a altaation where the farmers of the State will
haye the benefit of them.”
==
Manvractcge or StzAM Prows,—The Scientific
Artisan (Cincinnati, 0,,) says that Mires Green woop
& Co,, of that city, baye obtained the right of Mr.
Fawees to build his plows, and it Is the intention of
Mr. Gaeexwoop to baye one of these machines at work
on his farm early next spring, and to exbibit all its
points in great perfection, Several improvements have
been euggested, which will doubtless be adopted.
Pry Stoox vor Texas.—During the past week) Mp).
W. W. Leann, formerly of the Metropolitan Hotel,
New York, started for his immense stock farm, consist-
{og of 17,000 acres, in Western Texas. He took with
him some flac Saxony sheep, raised by Mr. Huu, of
New Lebanon, which took the premlam at the State
Fair, at Albany, aleo a mammoth Jack and full bloe
Morgan stallion.
Jate Sccrotary of the Agricul-
ennessee and editor of the Nashville
Dale asus} diod on the 28d ult, The Nash-
ville papers contain resolutions of tho State Baer
which eulogize the ability and virtues of the decease
in the highest terms. His funeral procession is sald to
have been the largest ever witnessed In Nashville.
Mag. E, G. East an,
AMERICAN GRAPE CULTURE.
Tar before many years we shall rival the finest
vine growing districts of Europe in the quality,
variety and hardiness of our grapes, is our faith.
In quality we are certainly making rapid advance,
The Diana, Delaware and Rebecca, make a near
approach to the réry best European varieties.
The Isabella has been koown and cultivated but
about forty years, and the Catawba even a less
time. Previous to that time we had only the Frost,
or Fox grapes. Now, some of our nurserymen’s
catalogues contain names and descriptions of from
twenty to fifty or more varieties, and we notice
‘one with orer two hundred. Not five per cent. of
these, perbaps, will prove worthy of general cul-
tore, or even of a place in the garden or vineyard;
yet with the Diana for general culture, the hardy
Hartford Prolific, for cold sections, and others we
might name of s somewhat similar character, and
the good opinions we entertain of the Delaware
and others, we have done enough the past ten
years to satisfy the most sanguine, and to encour-
age all to future effort in the production of hardy
grapes of excellent quality.
Hundreds of persons are engaged in the produc-
tion of seedlings, but we must not neglect the
careful trial of those already produced. It will
not do to cry humbug and condemn every new
thing indiscriminately, as some seem disposed to
do, insisting that the Isabella is good enough, for
this would put an end to all progress; nor should
we neglect our old sorts, and believe every-
thing with o new name to be an improvement.
The only safe way is to follow the scripture rule,
“try all things and hold fast to that which is
good.”
Tn our issue of November 19tb,, we gave the
opinion of Mr. Meenay, editor of the Gardeners’
Monthly, that the Delaware was a native grape,
and that it could be found growing on the banks
of the Delaware river, where Mr. M. thought he
had seen it years ogo, but this was only an opinion
without proof, and it seems strange that if Mr. M.
saw such a fine grape growing wild that be should
pass it by instead of introducing it to the notice of
the public. The November number of the Monthly
also contains the following communication:
Purasant Vauuey, Bucks Co., Pa,
Mr. Toowas Mezuax—Dear Sir: You will remem-
ber that when I was st your place, you gave me a
bunch of the Delaware Grape to taste. You will
romember that I remarked that I thought we had the
‘same grape growing about us in abundance. The
public bas been hambugged tong enough, and T think
it no more than just to make its troe clinractor known,
I believe the history of the Delaware Grape is, that
Mr. Prevost, a gentloman living at/Frenchtown, N. J.,
received some grape vines from Italy, and this Is a
supposed seedling from those grapes. We have had
this wonderful grape growing in our neighborhood at
least thirty years,—Jong before we had the Catawba
and Isabella, Mrs, Derr an old German lady, first got
them at Mr, Prevost’s at /east thirty years ago, and
introduced them in our melghborhood. I have two
large yines growing in my garden as thick as an arm,
which were planted about eighteen years age, and
never bore scarcely anything until Jast year, when I
had about balf a crop, I slways thought, from the
quality of the grape, and from its being a poor bearer,
that it did not deserve a’place in my nursery.
Not Jong since there was a nurserymen, I think,
from Jacksonyille, N. Y., trying to sell fruit trees,
When be found out that we had the Delaware Grape,
he was for buying all the young vines he could get,
If avy Person wants cuttings, I could supply bim with
A cart load for morely the price of cutting.
Yours traly, Cuan.es B, Orr.
We hare not the lenst idea that the unproductive
vine of Mr, Orris a Delaware. Our experience is
that it is remarkably productive, rivaling the
Clinton in this respect. To this communication
of Mr. 0. we have received the following reply:
Eps. Rugar New-Yorxen:—In the Gardeners’
Monthly for Novewber, appeared a communication
signed Cuantys B. Orr, Pleasant Valley, Bucks
Co,, Pa, which is a little extraordinary in its
character, and is possibly designed to accomplish
some extraordinary end, but what that end may be
is not to me apparent from the communication.
That Mr. Orr is no humbug is sufliciently mani-
fest from his implied hatred of humbuggery, and it
is equally clear that some ulterior motives ani-
mate him. He is also, at least, in part, endorsed
by the editor who has had some indefinite dream
of something for some indefinite period, haunting
him.
Now, in all matters on which an editor has no
certain knowledge even after discovery of things
that never have been, and never can be, it is not
strange that he should, at least, have had ‘a
droaminess” in reference to it; and also have been
about to announce the same.
So far, Mr, Mueuay is all right, but if he had
made the announcement, he would have been all
Wrong. He was saved by his editorial “instinct,”
which is palpably “a greatthing.” But, Mr. Orr,
having no such guardian angel, is all wrong, and
beyond remedy, unless he goes over incontinently
to the Parsce of bumbugs.
When Mr. Orr bad stated that he had a Dela-
ware vine eighteen years old, and that the region
was “filled with them growing wild,” he had
waded to the utmost limit of safety. He took one
moro step, and that swamped him. He states
that his vine at the age of eighteen years, last
season, for the first time bearing, produced only
half a crop. Now, unless something had urged
him on, he would not bave taken this step, for he
Would have known the Delaware rine never attains
one-sixth of that age without bearing @ most pro-
fase crop, under circumstances which would have
Precluded bearing on apy vine.
For seven years past I haye been intimately
acquainted with the Delaware, and during its
season of growth, carefully noted all of its charac-
teristics. I may further say that I have bad a not
uninterested general or special knowledge ’of the
>
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YOREER.
greatest part of the vines that have left the garden
of Jadge Prevost, of Frenchtown, and its vicia-
ity, and of their prodacts, or the offsets that sprang
from them. With the few that remain there I
have also a hand to hand acquaintance. Many
thousands of them have passed under my bands,
and my heart warms and enlarges at every remem-
brance of them, for it is a noble vine, and no
treachery, deceit or false promise lurks in any part
of it. Of sturdy vigor, end most enduring hardi-
ness of both wood and foliage; most abundant in
fruiting; unequaled in beauty, and flavor, and
wanting in no good quality. I cannot but feela
gratefol pride in the good fortune that bas so inti-
mately associated me with the Delaware grape,
and permitted me to take part in its di: ¥
I veed not feer to say I know the Delaware
grepe, and certainly “none can know but to
praise.” The excellence of gold only is counter-
feited; counterfeiting ofcopper is rarely attempted,
snd although from the tenor of Mr. Orr's commu-
nication, I knew thatit could not be the Delaware,
T did not know how to understand his communica-
tion otherwise than as a broad joke,—for I cannot
be persuaded that he ever thought he had the Del-
aware,—yet I felt so much curiosity to know what
he really had, and also to learn what he aimed at,
that I mede a journey to his place, where I found
a vine, and Mr. Orr and Mrs. Orr, but no suspicion
of a Delaware,
The vines in question bave a small black fruit
far below the Clinton in quality, and is one of the
northern Foxes that approach most nearly to the
Frost grape in quality. Of what I further learned
on my journey I shall speak to you on another
occasion. Of something which I inferred, I may
speak to you in private. J. C. Renwison.
Peekskill, N. Y., Nov., 1859.
While Mr. Meewan and some others are so
decided in the opinion that the Delaware is
native, Wa. R. Paice is just os decided in the
opinion that it is a foreign variety, brought from
Europe, and planted and propagated in New Jer-
sey. Tbe following extracts will show Mr. P.’s
opinion on the subject =
“Derawane, small, round, clear red, thin skin, not a
trace of pulp or foxy flavor, seeds few and small, very
sweet, rich and jaicy, vinous and aromatic, with a
slight musk flavor similar to Chasselas Musque and Red
Frevtigoan; excellent for table and wine; cluster
small and compact; it makes delicious amber-colored
wine; yine hardy, but of very slender delicate growth
like the Rebecca, until the third year, after which it
grows vigoronsly. It is not productlye when young,
but very fully so when it attains considerable size and
sge; ripens the beginning of September, two or three
weeks before the Isabella.
It requires to be protected by training it against a
wall or house having a warm southern exposare, or on
a trellis in a protected garden, and will then produce a
perfect and abundant crop, It is as subject to weak
and etinted growth and to mildew as any other foreign
variety, This grape has been widely disseminated as
a true natlye variety, although the Germans in Ohio
have from the fret declared it to be the Red Traminer
of the Rhepish vinoyards,
‘The writer (W. B, P,) having inspected the Vines at
Delaware, Ohio, and elsewhere, has fully satlafied him-
aclf of its foreign origin. It appears to have been
introduced to New Jersey by Mr. Prevost, who emi-
grated from Switzerland, and brought this and other
fore|go grapes with him. He caltivated these foreign
vines only, as, at that time, no Natlye Grapes were
regarded os suitable for vineyard culture. From Mr.
P's ground, vines were carried by his brother-{n-law
to Chester county, Penn., where some are now found
over twenty years old. Joseph Heath, formerly an
employeo of Joseph Bonaparte at Bordentown, and
now a resident of Delaware, Ohio, carried this vine
from that garden to Delaware. Whether Bonaparte
obtained his yines from Prevost, or imported them
direct from Europe, is 23 yet unknown, If seedlings
haye been found similar, the seeds were undoubtedly
dropped by birds, who‘are especially fond of its early,
smal), sweet berries,
The foreign origin of this grape is also fully estab-
lished by the fact that, from all recent investigations, it
combines every specific attribute of the Vitls olnifera,
and that it possesses none whatever indicatlye of indl-
genous origin,”
Now, we have given our readers the different
opinions on this subject, and the facts, so far as
they can be ascertained. We do this to show on
whatg rounds opinions, so confidently stated, are
founded, so that our readers may not be misled on
this subject by any who use bold assertions for
arguments. There is not the least proof that the
Delaware was brought from Europe, nor that it
originated from seed of any Europesn variety,
Nor, on the other hand, do we see any evidence
thatit can be found growing wild in any section of
our country. Of its quality and productivencssa
there can be no doubt. Of its Aardiness over a
very large section of our country we have the
highest hopes. This point settled, and the Dela-
ware takes rank as the first of American grapes,
The only objection we could ever make to the
Delaware was its small size. On mentioning this
once, in the presence of a number of horticultur-
ists, Mr, Dows1ne replied that its small size he did
not consider a defect; on the contrary he thought
it rendered it much more convenient to handle
and consequently more suitable for the dessert.
We have several times seen statements that the
Tsabella grape had become unhealthy and must be
abandoned. It was first started, we believe, by
that celebrated institution, the New York Farmer's
Club, Mr. Usnwemx's celebrated vineyard of Isa-
bellas was reported as worthless, along with many
others. We saw nothing of the kind in Western
New York. Qor Isabellaswere never better; and
now Mr. Uxpenurit denies the whole statement,
and says he shall plant this year more than ever.
A gentleman, in whose judgment we haye the
greatest confidence, writes us—* You made agreat
mistake in saying the Jtebecca is a higher flayored
grape than the Delaware and Diana, It is more
highly perfamed, butvastly inferior in flavor, lack-
ing tartaric acid greatly, and sugar considerably.”
Owing to the kindness of Mr. Brocxspanx, and Mr.
Dowsrxa, and Dr. Geant, we had a very fine
opportunity of tasting and testing the Mebeccasand
Pelawares the present season. Perhaps, however,
Out taste is all at fault. With a similar opportu-
nity next year, we will endeavor to revise our
epinion, and perhsps may improve our taste.
oo oe
Wostze Exmorrios or mua Hoerricvutrvnar Socrery
or SOUTHERN ILtix013—This exhibition is to be held
at Tamaros, December 20th and 2st,
THE JAPAN QUINCE,
‘Tur following interesting article on that beauti-
ful plant, the Japan Quince, we take from the
London Gardener's Chronicle. More attention
should be given to this shrab—it is fine for the
garden, and not excelled by any thing for-an
ornamental hedge:
PLOWER OP THE JAPAN QUINCE.
It has often struck ns as a singular omission on
the part of gardeners that they have not attempted
to domesticate the Japan Crab, or Pyrus Jaronica
ag itis improperly called, the plant being in reality
a Quince, or Cydonia. This most beautiful of all
hardy shrubs except the Rose is now in precisely
the same state as when it first, about the year
1815, arrived from China; the poor pallid variety
called “white” haviog been also on importation
and not of home production, Here was a plant
unsurpassed for hardiness, for brilliancy of color,
and for the durability of its blossoms, a winter
flowerer and an evergreen, propagated moreover
with the greatest ease, left disregarded by those
who would have expended a life in experimenting
upon the Rose. And whatis the more remarkable
it was a species evidently having a tendency to
change, as its two or three unimportant varieties
plainly indicated, and most nearly related to the
Apple and Pear on the one hand, and the Rose
itself on the other, all three of which are among
the most domesticable of plants, as all men
know.
It has perhaps been owing to the unwillingness
of the plant to ripen its fruit here that the oppor-
tunity of raising seedlings has been neglected.
And yet it does sometimes produce good seeds,
more often perhaps than has been suspected, the
fruit itself being worthless and disregarded.
Attention has moreover been turned more in the
direction of the fruit, whose qualities have been
thought hopelessly bad, than towards tbe flowers,
which appears to possess all the elements of
mutability. When we think of the poor field
Rose, with its red blossoms, not broader thana
florin, which, when transferred from an Austrian
corn-field, grew up from generation to generation
in increasing beauty till it stood revealed what it
now is—the loveliest of flowers, there is surely
every inducement to subject the Pyrus Japonica to
the same discipline.
We have been led to these remarks by the
examination of a case of very marked improve-
ment actually effected in the plant before us, Not
in the flowers, however, but in the fruit, The
Quince which the species bears is described by
Tuonsenc as haying the size of a Walnut in
Japan, where it grows wild on the mountains.
With us it sometimes becomes twice as big—a
rugged angular unattractive thing, which none
pause to look upon. But we received the other
day from Messrs. Lowe & Co., some specimens of
an improved yariety raised by one of their corre-
spondents in the South of France, which presents
s0 very marked an advance towards change as to
hold out great encouragement to skillful breeders,
Instead of the shapeless, angular, rugged fruit
that we see here, the specimens in question were
very exactly oblong, as large at one end as the
other, without any angles whatever, and clean-
skinned like a Nectarine. The largest specimen,
of which the annexed cut represents a section,
Sa tha
FRUIT OF THE JAPAN QUIKCE,
weighed 4!¢ oz., and was inches round when
measured Jengthwise. The flesh was very firm,
Sub-scid, but rather austere, with a weak fra-
grance. As it did not promise to be eatable when
Taw it was made into a preserve with sugar in the
usval way, and it proved to be sdmirably suited
for that purpose, becoming semi-transparent and
baring a very delicate flavor resembling that of
Quince marmalade.
It is now clear that the Pyros japonica does not
belong one of those unchangeable natures that
defy sttempts at alteration; but that like others
ofits Rosaceous kindred it is capable of yielding
to the influence of the arts of cultivation. To
what extent it will yield can only be ascertained |”
by experiment; but considering the changes
already brought about in China in its flowers, and
in Europe in its fruit, there is surely no extraya-
gant enthusiasm in anticipating the appearance of
it, some day, with flowers as double and as Jarze
as those of the Chinn Rose. This at least is cer-
tain—there are now sufficient grounds to jus-
tify serious attempts at opersting upon it,
ee
NURSERYMEN'S CATALOUGES.
Tr has lately occurred to me to wonder why
nurserymen do not take greater pains to circulate
their published catalogues. So far as I am aware,
the only effort they make in that direction is to
furnish them free to those who make personal
application for them, and, according to advertise-
ment, to send them by mail to such as apply in
writing and inclose a stamp, to pay the postage.
A principal object of nurserymen in publishing a
descriptive and priced list of their wares, must be
to inform the public what trees, vines, plants, &c.,
they propagate for sale, what are the distinguish-
ing qualities of each, and at what rates they are
sold, This information, contained in the attrac-
tive little pamphlets sentout by nursery establish-
ments, it is the proprietors’ interest to scatter as
widely as possible among the people; but the
means spoken of above are sadly inefficient. Fur
even of those who would like copies of such cata-
logues, many neglect to send for them, as they
neglect to procure for themselves many other
things which they want, but cannot obtain with-
outa little trouble; while the multitude of persons
who are naturally careless of such things, and
need to be educated to an interest in them, can
never be reached in this way at all, Agents for
nurseries do something towards spreading a
knowledge of the existence of finer fruits and
flowers than are commonly found in country
gardens, but they generally carry about but a
single copy of the list of articles they wish to
obtain orders for, and, as they can make buta
brief call at each house, the people whose patron-
age they solicit are necessarily limited toa very
hurried examination of it. It too often happens,
also, that the agent himself is a person of little or
no horticultural knowledge, unacquainted with
the reputation of different varieties, and their
fitness for different localities, and, therefore, ill
prepared to render intelligent aid to persons
bewildered and perplexed in the attempt to
make a basty selection from a long list of strange
names, each claiming some peculiar and desirable
excellences. Horticultural journals are of im-
mense service to the nursery interest; their draw-
ings and descriptions of fine fruits and flowers
beiog the best advertisement of the things they
represent, and doing more to bring them into
notice and create a demand for them than any
means employed by nurseryman themselves,
But, as comparatively few of those who read
the propose to furnish entalogues to applicants,
avail themselves of the offer, and as agents cannot
profitably spend much time discoursing upon the
merits of articles to people who do not want them,
and as there are thousands of homes whereio
horticultural journals are yet strangers, we sug-
gest to nurserymen the policy of sending their
catalogues unsolicited—making a general distri-
bution of them as dealers in stoves, patent medi-
cines, &c, scatter abroad pamphlets containing
the best things that can be said of their vendibles,
The great advantage expected from such a plan of
advertising is, that, while informing persons who
wish to procure articles of horticultural commerce
where they may obtained and at what prices; it
would also create a desire for these things in
thousands of persons who have yet felt no want of
them. For, so Jong as one hears little or nothing
of the improved fruits, splendid flowering shrubs,
plants, &c,, nurserymen offer for sale, he is con-
tented withont them; but, leave in his house
where he can take up half-a-dozen times a day,
for a moment’s reading, a little book containing
the names and characteristics of rare fruits and
flowers, with perhaps drawings of some of the
finest, ond a statement of the small cost at which
they can be obtained, and it will not be long
before he experiences a longing to possess some
of them.
It would be an experiment well worth trying by
an agent for some nursery, to distribute catalogues
of the establishment for which he is canyassing,
over acertain territory, say one town, informing
the recipients that after a time, some weeks or
months, he will return and take their orders. A
comparison of the aggregate value of orders
obtained on a second tour through that town
with the worth of those collected in another
district equally large, populous and able to
purchase, but canvassed in the usual manner,
we have no doubt would show largely in fayor
ofthe former, For, even those who most gladly
improve on opportunity to obtain choice trees
and sbrubbery, will seldom make out so large
sn order, during a flying visit from a nursery
agent, and after only a hasty glance at the list
to beselected from, as they will if they go about
it leisurely, with the advantage of a catalogue
constantly at hand to consult, as long and as
often as they please, One will rarely look over
the pages of a nursery list without noticing
some tree, shrub or vine that he would gladly
add to those he has already determined to
purchase, and the oftener it meets his eye, the
stronger the inclination for it becomes, till,
finally, he concludes he cannot do without it,
But, reader, if the nurseryman neglects to con-
fer upon himself and you the benefit of providing
you with a catalogue gratuitously, do not inflict
ppon yourself the injury of doing without one.
If you bare never examined a descriptive list of
fruits and flowers, you have no idea how much
pleasant reading it contains. Once get a taste of
this delightfal literature, and you will return to it
again and ngain. It is wonderful how rich a
Tanguage may be made up of a few strong, simple
words, descriptire of the size, form, color, texture,
odor and flaror of fruits, and the characteristics
of trees and flowers. By all means, send and get
‘one of these little books; you will find it a per
petual garden. a
Sonth Livonia, Noy, 1659,
Rewanks—A cheap way of circulating trade
catalogues among the people, is pursued by the
Eoglish nurserymen, and might, perhaps, be
adopted here with advantage, which is to publish
them, in a somewhat condensed form, in the
Agricultural and Horticnltgral Journals,
i
WINTER PROTECTION OF GRAPE VINES.
Messrs. Eprrons :—In No. 511 of the Runan is 9
timely and valuable hint over the signature of
S. N. Horwes, of Syracuse, viz. : a Cheap Insurance
for Grope Vines. For some time I have intended
to send you my experience for 12 or 14 yearson
that subject. When my lorge vines first began to
bear I practiced covering them with dirt through
the winter, and they never failed to give a crop of
fruit with that treatment, For eight or ten years
they have remained on the frame on account of
their large size. Three winters in that time has
the crop of froit been injured by the severe cold.
The winter of '52 or’h3 I got only two-thirds or
three-fourths of a crop of grapes; the winter of 55
and 56, when the thermometer was 32° below zero,
every fruit bud was destroyed excepting a few
branches that got off the frame and were covered
with snow, showing clearly that even @ covering
of snow was a suflicient protection to the fruit
buds with that degree of cold, as I got on theny
large and well filled clusters, The sudden change
from warm to cold of last winter, that destroyed
about every peach bud in this section, injured the
grape crop more than the June freeze did. The
freeze injured my crop of fruit scarcely any, yet I
got only about one-third of aycrop of grapes.
I estimate the loss of fruit in ten years by the
severe cold of three winters, to be at least 1,000
pounds of grapes. Now what would have been
the expense to tuke these two vines down for ten
years, cover them with dirt and put them back
again in the spring? I estimate that ten dollars
would be ample to meet the expense for ten years,
and if 1,000 pounds of grapes can be saved by that
outlay, is it not a valuable one?
There was on inquiry last summer from one of
your readers how to manage his vines on the south
side of a building. He said they were destroyed
in the winter. I had a large vine destroyed back
close to the ground in the same position; the
changes from heat to cold are frequent and sud-
den, just as it was last winter, One day at near
evening it was thawing, the second morning after
at sunrise the thermometer was 13° below zero.
That was the time the peach and grape crops of
Western New York suffered so much. The grape
vine proved itself the most hardy. Take such
vines down and cover them is the cheap insurance,
Bloomfeld, N. ¥., 1859, ALVIN WILCOX.
ALMOND CUSTARD, GOLDEN PIE, &,
Dear Ronat:—Seeing an inquiry in your paper
for Almond Custard, I send my recipe, with some
others, for the benefit of those ladies who like new
things, and would be pleased with something new
for Christmas,
Auyoxp Crsrarv.—One pint of new milk or
cream; one teacup of white sugar; one-quarter of
a pound of almonds, blanched and pounded, two
spoonfuls of rose-water; yolks of four eggs,—stir
these ingredients in a spider, over a slow fire, until
it is the consistency of cream, then remove it
quickly to a deep dish or cups. Beat the whites
of the eggs with a little suger, a few drops of
brandy, and lay lightly on the top.
Gopex Pis.—Take one lemon, grate the peel,
and squeeze the pulp and juice in a bowl,—be sure
to remove every seed,—to which add one teacup of
white sugar; one teacup of new milk; one table-
spoonful of powdered starch, and the yolks of
three eggs, well beaten; pour this mixture into
a nice paste crust, and bake slowly. Beat the
whites of three eggs to a stiff froth, and when the
pie is just done, pour it over the top evenly, and
return to the ovon, just to stiffen, not brown.
Stuver Prr.—Peel and grate ove large white
potato into a deep plate, add the juice and grated
rind of one lemon; the beaten white of one egg;
one teacup of white sugar, and one teacup of cold
water,—pour thisinto a nice under-crust and bake.
When done, have ready the beaten whites of three
eggs, balf teacup of powdered sugar, a few drops
of rose-water, pour this over the pie, and return to
the oven to set. When ready for table lay a few
lumps of currant jelly on the top. Have these
pies just cold for dinner. Mrs. M. L. Scorr.
‘Toledo, Ohio, 1889.
—_--—_—_
OixTent ron Borss.—Herewith I send a recipe
for an ointment for burns, which is the very best
I ever knew, and no family who will try it will
live without it. It will retain its virtue for years.
Take half a pint of white manure from under the
hen-roost, and simmer it in fresh lard ten minutes,
then strain it off into a tin box, and it is ready for
use. The offensive odor will pass off in simmor~
ing, which is but trifling, and you will have an
ointment that will heal o burn quicker than any
other ever inyented.—Mns. M. A. Rice, owe, :
Mass., 1859.
Cooxixa Eco Praxr, &c.— Will some of the
Rourat friends give us directions to cook egg
plant, and also to make rancid butter sweet?—A
Svnscriser, Mexico, Oswego Co., N. ¥., 1859. .
“NOW I LAY ME.”
Tur dreamy night draws nigh;
Soft, delicious airs breathe of mingled flowers,
And on the wings of slumber creep the hours ;
The moon is bigh,—
Seo yonder tiny cot,
‘The lattice decked with vines—a tremulous ray
Steals out to where the silver moonbeams lay,
Yet pales them not!
Within, two holy eyes,
‘Two little bands clasped softly, and a brow
Where thought sits busy, weaving garlands now
Of Joys and sighs
For the swift-coming years!
Two rosy lips with innocent worship part ;—
List! be thou saint—or skeptic, if thou art—
‘Thou must have ears ;—
“Now I lay me down to sleep,
I pray the Lord my soui to keep;
If I should die before I wake,
I pray the Lord my soul to take.”
Doth it not noiseless ope e
The very flood-gates of thy heart, and make
‘A better man of thee for her sweet anke,
Who, with strong heart,
Hor sweet task ne’er forgot
To whisper “ Now I lay me,” o’cr and o’er,
As thou didst keel upon the sanded floor—
Forget them not!
From many a festive hall
‘Where flasbiog light and flashing glances vie,
And, robed in splendor, mirth makes revelry—
Sofi voices call
On tho light-hearted throng,
To sweep the harp strings, and to join the dance,
‘The careless girl starts lightly, as perchance,
Amid the songs,
The merry laugh, the jest,
Come to her vision songs of long ago,
When by her snowy couch she murmured low,
Before her rest,
That simple infant's prayer;
Once more at home, she lays her jewels by,
‘Throws back her curls that shade her heayy eyo,
‘And kneeling there
With quiveriog lip and sigh,
‘Takes from her fingers white the sparkling rings,
‘The golden coronot from her brow, and filngs
The baubles by;
Nor doth she thoughtless dare
To seek her rest till she hath asked of Heaven
‘That all her sins, through Christ, may be forgiven—
Then comes the prayer—
‘Now I lay me down to sleep,
I pray the Lord my soul to keep ;
If I should die before I wake,
I pray the Lord my soul to take.”
‘The warrior on the field,
After the battle, pillowing bis head
Porhaps upon a fallen comrade, dead,
Scorns not to yield
To the sweet memories of his childhood’s hour,
‘When fame was bartered for a crimson fower—
‘The statesman gray,
His massive brow all hung with laurel leaves,
Forgets his honors while his memory weaves
A picture of that home ’mid woods and streams,
Where hoary mountains caught the sun’s first beams,—
A cabin rude—the wild fields glistening,
The cattle yoked and mutely listening,
The farmer’s toil, the farmer’s fare, and, best
Of carthly luxuries, the farmer's rest;—
But hark! a soft yoice steals upon his heart—
“ Now say your prayers, my son, before we part;
And, clasping his hands—a child once more—
Upon his breast, forgetting life's long war—
‘Thus hear him pray:—
‘Now I lay me down to sleep,
I pray the Lord my soul to keep;
If I should die before I wake,
I pray the Lord my soul to take.”
——__—__-+-2-__—_
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
REMEMBERING,
“A werry grecting to my Western cousin,”
wrote my lively coz. Ana, one pleasant June time,
“Art homesick any, mignonne? Don’t say nay,
with that willful look in your eyes. Ihave an
inward consciousness that, on these blessed
Summer mornings, you are looking over the
rugged New York hills towards the rising sun,
murmuring, with something very like a tear in
your eye, and something more than a pang in
your heart,
‘Still are the cowslips from thy bosom springing,
O, far-off grassy dell,—and dost thou see
When Southern winds first wake the vernal singing,
‘The star gleam of the wood Anemone?”
To all such sentimental inquiry I can answer
yes, though the outward aspect of our bonny town
of Fairhaven is much changed. Ancient, moss-
covered houses, which are doubtless part and
parcel of your recollections of home, have been
torn down to give plece to new dwellings, dis-
greeably white and glaring,—dusty roads wind
through the sunny fields where we were wont to
gather red-lipped clover blossoms, and the golden
chalices the buttercups hold up so temptingly,—
that grove of “ Oriental plane trees” which rosted
on the green hollow on the eastern side of the bay
has perished beneath the chopper’s axe. But,
after all, itis still as of yore, “the beautiful town
thet is soated by the sea.” ‘The forests still
harbor those trembling little refugees from a fairer
clime, the fairy wood blossoms, and the wild bees,
dreamy chime rings out from beechen slope and
mossy dell, And those lovely Columbines that
used to bloom on the crag overhanging the tossing
seo,—looking as bright and fresh as Many
Curtt0x, when she stood on “ Forefathers Rock”
with the blue Atlantic waves dashing around
her,—are yet there, though many a sunny bead
crowned in by-gone summers with their scarlet
glory, is laid low in the church-yard. The wood-
bine still drapes the walls of the ‘old homestead’
with its pendant masses of verdure in Summer,
and its gorgeous leaves and scarlet berries in
Autumn, and the dandelions in the front yard
glow in the deep grass like stars reflected in the
emerald water. —
_ Domy descriptions awake in you any of “the
exile yearnings, under the willows of the stranger
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
shore?” [hope they do; I amso jealously fond
of the old place that I cannot bear to think of you
as forgetting it. I wandered down to the sea-
wall at the foot of the garden last night, snd
everything was so strangely like, and yet unlike,
the days that are gono forever, bearing with them
many of those we loved and cherished, that I
threw myself down on the dewy grass and cried,
and I believe I am crying now; but those were
happy days—‘“‘do youremember?” Do I remem-
ber?—as though the bills and dales, and wide
expanse of sunny waters, ay, everything, even
the tree and flower pertaining to that olden home,
were not engraved upon my heart with a fidelity
that mocks the limner’s pencil! Ah me, the
“exile yearnings” visit me full often with but
sorry cause for awakening words. How often
does memory transfigure these gloomy November
days with her witchery, as she drapes the bare
hills with the flushful garniture of Summer,
spreads a soft sapphire over the dismal sky,
and changes the cold gray rime to a golden haze,
and I a child again, roam over the summer
meadows with sunshine on my heart and brow, or
peep over the mossy well-curb to catoh a glimpse
of the brightness at the bottom, or swing beneath
the swaying branches of the graceful willow,
transfigured with the purple sunset glory, or
climb the Alpine summits of the misty hills to
watch for the coming of the gallant ship that bore
the beloved sailor brother, or—but the twilight has
deepened around my musings,and Atperr coming
in scans me with his roguish eyes, and with
unparalleled atrocity declares that I have fallen
asleep over my embroidery! Well, there are “two
lives,”—“ to seem” and ‘‘to be,” and what care I
if this busy, practical world confounds the one
with the other? Lavra E. W.
Cohooton, Steuben Co,, N. ¥., 1859,
—_—_—_+e.______—_
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
“T)M WEARY.”
“T’'w weary, mother,” and with these words, a
sweet child of but four short summers raised her
tear-filled eyes to those of her parent, as if longing
for one sympathizing glance. ‘My flowers are
faded, my bird bas hushed its song, the gold has
left my butterfly’s wings, and I am weary; let me
test.” This was the sweet child’s first lesson in
the mutability of all things earthly,—her lovely
treasures had been touched by the finger of
change, and no wonder that her heart was sad-
dened. She was weary—well might she ask for
reat.
“I'm weary, mother,” and a dark-eyed, intellect-
ual-looking girl gazed sadly on the bright sun-
light, as she thought of the time when she, too,
was joyous and free as a sun-ray; but those bright
days were gone foreyer. She thought of the time
ere her young heart had bowed beneath the weight
of much thought, but wild ambition had fired her
soul,—she had been lured onward by the enchant-
ing rays of the star of fame, and over her it had
exerted a strange, wild power. Night after night
had she wandered in pursuit of some hidden
thought of ancient philosopher, and the morning’s
rosy light still found her at her chosen task.
Step after step had she progressed through the
long years of her collegiate study; only one year
remained, and she would graduate with all the
honors. With gladness she looked forward to the
time when she should stand on the upper round
of the ladder of fame,—still, mingled with sorrow,
were her thoughts of childhood’s hours exchanged
for the student's life. As she reviewed the weary
years of toil and suffering, both of mind and body,
no wonder that she was weary, and sighed for sest.
“T’m weary,” said a rosy-cheeked, laughing
maiden, as she unclasped the pearls from her
snowy neck, “I’m weary, let me rest,” All the
night long had she whirled in the mazy dance,
Not only one night, but her entire existence was
one continual round of pleasure. At times she
longed for something nobler, higher,—she was
almost sick of her aimless life, still she lived on
for pleasure alone, and sometimes, when her heart
called loudly for purer purposes and aims, she
sighed for rest.
, ‘I’m weary,” said a high and noble statesman,
as he bowed his head on his hand, “I’m weary,
let me rest.” Te whose tread awoke the stillness
in halls of State,—he on whose slightest words
hung’an admiring multitude,—asked rest. From
all such scenes of magnificence, he turned with a
weary heart and an aching brow to the remem-
brance of the happy past,—all the glory of the
present he would gladly renounce for rest.
“I’m weary,” said a dying Christian. With
these words upon his lips and a satisfied smile
illuminating his countenance, the soul sought a
refuge in the bosom of hisSavyior. He had found
the promised rest. LL
Hillsdulo, Mich,, 1859,
+o+
A CITY'S PRIDE IN ITS WOMEN.
Tue Philadelphia City Item thus admonishes
that our patriotic pride should not be exclusively
“hero worship :” —“ Cultivated women are as
much an ornament and honor to a city or a State,
as cultivated men. France has as much distinc-
tion from Madam DeStael as from the most bril-
liant of its philosophers. Fanny Burney, (Madam
D’Arblay,) Mrs. Macauley, Agnes Strickland, and
numerous other females, shed the highest lustre
on England. The Irish boast of Miss Edgeworth,
of the Porters, of Lady Morgan and of Lady Bles-
sington, with a spirit indicative of the highest
appreciation. Scotland, too, has gained in honor
through the educated genius of moro than one of
its ‘bonnie, bright-eyed lassies.’ Every country
in Europe has been benefited by talented women.
So has onr grand America. Our female poets
and fiction writers have done as much for our
intellects, mo! ites and honor abroad, as our
literary men. Miss Sally Bridges, of this city,
Mrs. James Campbell, (Chief Justice Lewis’
daughter,) Mrs. Hale, Mrs. Sigourney, and twen-
ties of others, have written poems that America
will be forever proud of. The nation whose
women are cultivated, cannot but be one of happy
families, of the best and finest description of great
men for all departments in its government, and
of glorious, increasing, perpetual power and
existence.”
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
THE SNOW -ROBE.
DY ALLEN J. CURTIS,
Last night 38 we slopt,
And the vigils were kept
By the opirit of s roguish star,
Tn garments of white,
Resplendent and bright,
Came the angols in cloud-wrapt car.
But the star never spoke,
Nor from sleep us awoke,
To toll us that angels were near;
So we slept right along,
Nor heard we their song,
Though sweotly they sang and olear.
And thoy came for this
From their homes of bliss,
To present to our Mother Earth—
At which each of the band
Had wrought with her hand—
A new robe, as a tokon of worth,
Both softer than silk,
And whiter than milk,
‘Was the stuff from which \t was spun;
And the shuttle low
As the thread it drew,
Till the splendid robe was done.
Tho warp was white,
And the woof was light,
Through their myatic fingers run ;
And I'm sure it was made
To wear in the shade,
For it soon wonld epoil in the sun,
Then fold ater fold
They quickly unrolled
Of the ample garment they’d wrought;
And it sparkled bright
In tho stara’ cloar light,
Like the gleam of a brilliant thought,
Then away to the earth
With a song of mirth,
Came the beauteous angel band,
And the light of a smile
Lit their faces the while,
For their joy at what they had plann’d,
And they spread it out,
Without murmur or shout,
O’er the hill, and the wood, and the plain;
‘Then hasted away,
Ere the break of day,
To their glittering homes sgain.
When wo opened our eyes,
What a glad surprise
Was the view from our windows caught,
Of the spotless white
And the eparkling light
Of the robe by the angels wrought,
Kalamazoo, Mich., 1859,
o>
Written for Moore’s Rural New-Yorker.
THE HOMERIC AGE.
Tue tired way-furer ofto-day sometimes imagines
a golden past, and fondly recalls the fifth act of a
drama whose scenery was the heavens and earth,
and the actors illustrious mortals. Some think of
those far-distant days as mysterious hieroglyphics,
strange and unaccountable; others as dreamy mar-
vels and fable-given. But let him who can, turn
aside, and give his hours to that land of strong
men and iron character, now known only in story,
—to that elegant people and marble splendor of
the city of wisdom,—to those Grecian skies where
modern beauty-lovers resort,—and the old Greek
isles where incense perpetually smoked on altars
consecrated to the heavenly synod. To such as
care to turn away from the bustling now, and seek
the retired then, there are cool retreats, and
refreshing waters, where heated energies may
calm, and thirsty lips moisten Also, profit and
treasures of intellectual wealth, and rich‘examples
are found to help and fertilize the mind, But the
multitude are not thus influenced, Drawn on by
the great human tide, they look beyond, but never
behind, For them there are no pleasures in
remote days, when epic song drew infant breath,
and romance had reign over the Greek heart.
With such the cry is—we toil for daily bread, and
care not for the old theories, the sweat of Olympic
sports, the tales of Spartan Leonrps, the talk
of colloquial Puato, and polished atticisms—or
whether the theatre had green curtains, and how
many Atheneums were on the street corners,—we
think of to-day, and look up to-morrow. This
prevails with not a few intelligent, but practical
men. .
There were no modern doctrines and improye-
ments in that spring-time of intellectual glory, nor
the thousand-and-one inventions of an ingenious
age. No Manchester thrived on the water-courses
of the green vallies, or by the great cities, with
myriad looms and busy shuttles working for the
million, But we read of those who wove the sea-
purple threads of wool all the day, and prepared
the vesture. Nor were there heard the shrill notes
of steam amid hills, and around the temples—but
had not Greece her Calliope? We know not that
dinvers were served in the nabob style of modern
fashion lovers, but dinner was as indispensable to
ancient as to latter-day stomachs. Quite minutely
are we informed as to the nature of the feast, and
the dishes. Boiled goose, served up in sauce,
satisfied the keen appetite of the old epicureans,
and why not our turkey-loyers? Pickled livers,
with a pottage of pigeons, delighted Theban
gourmands—and why not modern clubs? We
are not informed us to whether pumpkin pies
served as dessert, but roasted poppy seed, mixed
with a hock of pork baked in honey, was a com-
mon dish, The land of song bad no Drake
or Raxeieu, ‘instrumental in polluting the pure
atmosphere and classic promenades with fumife-
rous mouths,—nor were the public enlightened on
“the confessions of an opium-eater,”—so that we
presume the entertainment did not conclude with
those unwiso, senso-gratifying pleasures of latter-
day civilization. Those Greeks were not puny
and sallow, but given to a healthy vigor, and gene-
rous circulation of blood. Probably the Greek
idea of a public dinner was not Americanized. At
any rate, it is improbable that on the following
day, the newspapera announced that ‘the tables
literally groaned with the delicacies of the season”
—for where were Fausr and Hox at that period?
While winter keeps the fashion-deyotees and
voluptuaries of the present age in ‘brown ston
front” and marble honses, the summer heat bears
them to sea-shore resorts, and far away to the
green valleys and picturesque scenery of a monn-
tain home, But the Greek mammomites had
summer vacations, and watering places, and quiet
seats, remote from dusty streets and undisturbed
by the hum of crowded cities. There was no sea-
washed Newport, or healing Saratoga, or Baden,
in the catagory of Theban and Athenian pleasure
rolls, but there were cool groves, and famous
walks, and inspiring scenery, and isles of the
deep, to while awayestual hours. Where the blue
Egean laved the shore, a princely Newport had
the ocean-breeze, and the smooth beach, Healing
waters—waters of forgetfulness and inspiration—
gushed forth from Parnassian heights; snd. on
adjacent hills and groves were the villas where
tired throngs resorted.
The Greek theology wasaharmoniousfaith. One
church code satisfied the heart, and Zeus was the
spiritual Bishop. No unhealthy qualms of con-
science, or stinging remorse over an unregenerate
heart, soured the temper, or brought on hypo-
chondria, The age was not blessed with divinity
schools and orthodox quills to lay bare Polytheism,
and expose the pseudo-tenets of the Jovine disci-
ples. The heavens and earth were their testa-
ments. The thunder was the voice of their Great
Father; andearth had mansionson mountain-tops
and caverns in the deeps, where his satellites
dwelt, and obeyed his nod. Whether that graft
upon the old tree of evil, which has now blossomed
in its youth—that last work of the Parent of Dark-
ness—entered “the land of genius and of lovely
Women,” and invisible hands rapped on tables,
and chairs danced, the historians of the age have
not mformed us. Nevertheless, the manes some-
times made a flying visit to the abodes of men, and
held colloquies. Had ingenuity been as largely
developed in the Greek brain, as in Yankeedom,
there might have been Salem tribunals, and worse
than “‘scarlet-letter” penalties enforced,
While we know not futurity, and can only move
forward by a gradual march, it is possible to
return to other days, and view the ancient world.
The distant in time throwa off its vagueness, and
the old marvels, myths and wonders of the past
mingle with the present, We are indeed remote
from the days of Homer. But through the gates
of poetry and history we may visit them, still fresh
and vivid to the inner eye. We are ushered into
the age of mythic glory, free thought, fertile con-
ceit,—an age of heroism snd sensualistic beauty.
Clinton, N, Y., 1859. Ws. ©. Wistow.
WINTER SCENES,
Tue following from the Chicago Journal is
worthy of being placed beside the winter sketch
of Jacos Apsorr and N. P. Witts: 2
That old red sleigh, with its long box that
never was full, for down in the straw, wrapped
in the robes, or on one or another of the four seats
it contained, there was always room for one more.
What a grouping of bright young faces there
used to be in it! Faces in hoods, in caps and in
blankets; hearts that have loved since; hearts
that have broken; hearts that have mouldered.
And away we went over the hill, and through the
vale, under the moonlight, and under the cloud;
when the stars were looking down; when the sun
kindled the world into a great white jewel; but
those days have gone forever away, and the sweet
old necklace of bells, big in the middle of the string,
and growing small by degrees, has lost its power
over the pulses.
In that old sleigh, brides have gone away be-
fore now—those that were married to manhood,
those that were “married unto death.’ Great
ships have gone over the waters with less of
hope and happiness than that rude craft bas
borne over the billows of winter; swan-like
shapes now glance along the arrowy way, but give
us, for its sweet memories of Yesterday, the old
red sleigh.
Then, the days when we were “‘coasters;” and
down the big hill, by the maple wood, through
the little pitches, far into the valley we came with
merry shout, each the solitary Palinurus of his
own small craft, How like a flock of swallows
we were, dashing down the declivity, in among
a group of sleds, side by side with a rival, shoot-
ing by like an arrow, steering in gallantry ahead,
like a jockey, and on our way up with a sled in
tow, ere the party had reached the valley below.
Ard then it was, when the wind had swept away
the snow from pond and stream, and the ice was
glare, that we put on the “rockers,” and darted
hither and thither, and cut sixes and eights, and
curves without number, and drew the girls that
we loved, and whirled them like leaves over the
highway of crystal.
And the schools where we pelted each otherdown,
and the schools where we sang Windham and
Mear, and the schools where we ciphered and
wrote, and ‘‘went up;” gone, all gone, teacher
and taught, like the melting snows, under the
rainbows of April. And when, sometimes, after
the great snow, the winds come out of the north
for a frolic, what wreathings and carvings of the
cold alabaster there were. What Corinthian
adornings surmounted the fence posts; what
mouldings were fashioned beside the way; what
fairy-like caves in the drifts; what flowers of rare
finish and pendants of pearls on the trees.
Have you quite forgotten the footprints we
used to find in the damp snow; as delicate, some
of them, as a love letter; the mysterious paths
down to the brook or the old hollow tree, that we
used to wonder over and sot “figure fours”’ by,
if perchance, we might catch the makers thereof?
Haye you quite forgotten how sorry you were for
the snow birds that fluttered among the flakes,
and seemed tossing and lost in the storm? And
there, in the midst of that wiater, Christmas was
set, that made the Thanksgiving last all through
the night of the year, and what wonder the stars
and the fires burned more brightly therefor!
Christmas, with its gifts and its cheer; its carol
and charm; its evergreen branch and its bright
morning dreams. Christmas, when there were
prints upon the chimney tops if we were only
there to see them, where Santa Claus set his foot
as the clock struck twelve. Christmas, when
stockings were suspended by hearth and by pil-
low all over the land; stockings silken and white;
stockings homely and blue, and even the little red
sock, with a hole in the toe. Blessed forever be
Bethlehem’s star,
THE HEAVENLY SOWING.
Sowne Divino,
Sow the good seed in me,
Beed for eternity ;
"Tis a rough, barren soil,
‘Yet, by thy care and toll,
Make it a truthfal fleld,
A bandred fold to sleid ;
Sowor Divine,
Plough up this heart of mins,
Sower Divine,
Qnit not this hamble deid
‘Till thou bast made it yield;
Sow thou by day and nigh,
To darkness and in light;
Stay not thy band, but sow,
‘Then shall the harvest grow;
Sower Divine,
Sow deep this heart of mine.
Sower Divine,
Let not this barren clay
Lead thee to turn away;
Let not my fruitleasness
Provoke thee not to bless;
Let not my fleld be dry,
Sower Divine,
Water this heart of mine.
oo
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
THE SABBATH.
“Iw six days the Lozp made heaven and earth, the
sea and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day,
wherefore the Lono blessed the Sabbath day, and
hallowed it”
How like @ strain of sweet music seems the
remembrance of the Sabbath, as it mingles with
all the wearisome sounds and annoying scenes of
six tedious busy days. And when it comes with
its quiet hours and hallowed influences, whose
heart does not soften and expand with emotions of
love and reverence for the Being who blessed this
day, giving it to man as a faint type of a rest
which ri 3 for those who cheerfully and
lovin, life's most difficult lesson. Other
days mi ring with them happy hours, and
pleasant thoughts, but they are never free from
care, for there are ever mingled with them
thoughts of the morrow.
To my mind no greater misfortune can beft int
person than that they should lose their rey-
erence for the Sabbath,—that it should become
to them as other days, never whispering to them
of Gon and Heayen,—only regarded as a day
excusing them from physical labor, and to be
enjoyed as best pleases their fancy. To such there
comes no fresh baptism of holy influences which
shall rest upon them as a mystic spell, effectually
guarding them from temptstions, and strengthen-
ing for life’s duties and responsibilities,
“Life has a crown of care for all."
To the Christian the Sabbath is a holiday in
which he lays aside this crown, and enjoys a fore-
taste of ‘the rest which remains for the people of
Gop.” He who does not love Gop may lay aside
this crown, but it is replaced by one heavier and
more cumbersome, even the displeasure of Gop,
and the reproaches of conscience.
“Life is a teacher coldand stern,” and methinks
we sadly need all the ennobling influences which
our Father places in our reach, and shall we turn
carelessly away, and while each tiny leaf and
blade of grass seems to whisper “‘ Remember the
Sabbath day to keep it holy,” pass on regardless
of all these holy teachings? Let us, instead,
sacredly treasure each God-given aspiration for
purity, and, perseveringly pressing onward and
upward—msy each reader of our mach loved
Rorav enjoy a Sabbath which shall never end,
the joy and peace of which, is only equaled by its
duration. JENNIE.
Bath, N. ¥., 1859,
————e
“GONE, BUT NOT MISSED."
Tuere are some professors over whose graves it
would be difficult for devout men to find great oc-
casion for lamentation. Such persons would
doubtless be missed in their families, places of
business, and accustomed places of recreation;
butas to her peculiar and noble offices, the church
would be compelled to say of them, ‘Gone, but
not missed.” She would not miss their charities
for Christ and his poor; she would not miss them
in her circles of prayer and benevolence; she
would not miss them at the bedside of the sick,
nor in the house of the mourner; she would not
miss them when great trials were to be borne, or
hard labor to be done for the extension of the
Gospel. In her Sabbath School efforts, and tract
distribution —in her endeavors to evangelize our
city, our land, our earth, with trath and holiness
—she would not miss them, for they have not
cheered those labors of love with their presence,
their counsel, their charities, or their prayers,—
Like the hangers-on of an army, they move with
the host to share the results of victory, but are
absent when martyrs are to bleed upon the field.
The loss of such to the Church by death would be
graded by the benefit which their lives confer up-
on the world; and hence you can judge whether
devout men would make gteat lamentation over
them, Stephen fell at his post, and ¢/is pointed
the grief at his loss.—Dr. Brainerd.
ae ee
Improve tHe Tute.—The lights of heaven do
not shine for themselves, nor for the world of
spirits, who need them not; buf for mao, for
our pleasure and advantage. How ungrateful and
inexcusable then are we, if, when God has set up
these lights for us to work by, we sleep or play, or
in a manner trifle away the precious moments
given us, and thus burn our Master’s candles, but
mind not our Master's work.
Inxcuatiupe is so deadly a poison that it de-
stroys the very bosom in which it is harbored. ©
Les
)
" DEC. 10.
Che Reviewer.
Tux Axaronr xp Parstovocr or tue Horse: With
Anatomical and Questional Iinstrations. Containing,
Also, A Series of Examinations on Equine Anatomy
sod Physiology, with Instructions in Reference to
Dissection, and the Mode of Making Anatomical
Preparations, To which is added Giossary of Veteri-
nary Teobnicalitiee, Toxicological Obart, and Dic-
Nonary of Vetorinary Science. By Gxozon H. Dann,
D., V.8,, author of “The Modera Horse Doctor,”
“Cattle Dootor,” etc., ete. New York: Saxton, Bar-
‘er d& Co, “
AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF INSTRUCTION.
Taz American Institute of Instruction recently
held its Thirtieth Annual Meeting, at New
Bedford, Mass., aud, judging from the published
reports, the assembling was one of extreme inter-
est to educators. The exercises extended through
three days, and while we would be gratified fin
publishing the transactions in detail, want of
space forbids. We condense from the excel-
Tent phonographic report of the Massachusetts
Teacher :
The President, Hon. Jouy D. Patcnrrce, called
the meeting to order, when Rey. Mr. Cxaro, of
Boston, invoked the Divine blessing. The records
of the last meeting, held at Norwich, Conn, were
* read and approved Mayor Nre addressed the
Institute, extending a welcome on behalf of the
city government and bis fellhw-citizens.
The first address before the Institute, (and in
this connection we can only mention the name
of lecturer, and topic discussed,) was delivered by
Euxnson, LL. D., of Boston, on “ The
and Garden.” The second was by Prof.
J. D. Burier, of Madison University,—subject,
“ Claims of the Classics.” J.D. Rowxux selected
for his theme, “ Mathematics as an element in
Liberal Education.” Mr. Cuantes Horcarss of
tbe Dwight School, Boston, spoke upon “ Zhe
Parent Sidein the Work of Education.” The Rev.
R. C. Warerstow of Boston, followed, his subject,
“The Beautiful in Nature and Art as connected
with Education.” Prof. E. D. Sasnonx, of Wash-
ington University, St. Louis, addressed the
Institute upon ‘Aids in the Study of the Classics.”
At intervals during the meeting, individuals
Axoxa the Various trestises, posseasing, in a greater
or lees degree, an influence upon the agriculture of
our country, which have been issued by the American
Press, there are none, we opine, which will serve to
give us a better reputation abroad, or prove more ser-
vioeable at home, than this recent production of Dr.
Dapp, Previous fo the publication of the volame
under consideration, our Veterinary Literatare was
without a work devoted to the Anatomy and Physiology
of the Horse, which we, as a people, could claim as
pecullarly our own,—one to which reference might be
made,—for information or authority,—and, as a conse-
quence, the specialties here treated were either discus~
sed theoretically and imperfectly, or failed to attract
attention. In his preface, Dr. Dapp remarks that
“much Indifference has been manifested regarding
Veterinary Science, in consequence of the difficulty
encountered in its stady, for the want of proper text-
books and teachers; and its unsatisfactory results when
tested by men unacquainted with its fundamental prin-
ciples. The well-known works of English and French
authors farnish all the necessary information, yet their
costis beyond the means of many, and, consequently,
their circulation is very limited. In view, therefore,
of supplying this deficiency, which is disclosed In the
barrenness of our anatomical and physiological knowl-
edge, and for the purpose of furnishing a work that
shall come within the reach and financial meaus of all
men, the author hay undertaken the double task; and
itis hoped that the effort will not be thought untimely,”
This purpose has been boantifally and successfully
accomplished. The principles of the science are clear
ly and demonstratively given, and the engravings,
desjgoed to aid the student, are choice specimens of
art, Rochester—Dannow & Bro.
Lecrvnes ror tre Prorix. By the Rey, Hucn Stow-
nut Brown, of Liverpool. Firat Serics,— with a
prominently identified with educational affairs,
and residing in various portions of the Union,
were ‘‘called out” in reference to the systems pur-
Biographical Introduction by Dr. Suevton MACKEN-
ze, [l6moa—pp. 414] Philadelphia; G. G, Evans,
As a devoted, able, and successful pastoral teacher,
Huon Stowext Brown takes high rank in the minds
of the masses with whom he bas been placed in con-
taot, and has secured a large place in the hoarts of his
people, Although a young man, (86 years of age lost
August.) but few exercise greater influence upon all
classes and conditions of society. Engaged in mechan-
{oal employments until he was twenty-one, be learned,
by experience, the wants of the laboring orders, and is
endeared to them by kindred associations ~devont,
earnest, zealous and talented, he has won the conf-
dence and respect of all his hearers. The Lectures,
(twenty-one in number,) composing # volume of more
than 400 pages, were delivered in Concert Hall, Liver-
pool, to the working classes of that great commercial
and industrial city who were unable to attend the
churches for want of means. They-are as much ser-
mons a8 leotures, furnishing plain, practical truths for
mental digestion—although the book of daily experi-
eace furnishes the majority of the texte,—delivered
Sabbath afternoons to a mixed auditory of from two to
three thousand listeners from all denominations, So
popular were they, hundreds were compelled to forego
the pleasure of hearing, not even standing-places being
obtainable. These Lectures are full of every-day,
common-sense facts, gracefully and eloquently garbed,
and their teachings will be found equally as applicable
to the desires or the needs of both old and young on
this side of the Atlantic, as in the Mother Country.
From the Publisher,
sued in their respective localities, and the inter-
change of thought and sentiment thus effected,
heightened the interest and value of the Associ-
ation, We segregate the following:
Hon. Anson Surra, School Commissioner of
Ohio, was called Bron to give some information of
the schools in his State. He answered to the call
by a highly interesting speech. I believe, said he,
that our school system peas pbod 83 that of any
r State in the Union, and in some points in
ice of all other sister States, though I am far
elieving that our schools or teachers, as a
‘ral thing, are as good as those here. We live
In 8 great Siate, with eighty-eight counties; we
count the inhabitants by millions, and have
22,000 teachers. Our schools cost nearly four
millions of dollars s year, which money is raised,
in the greater part, by direct taxation, Our
school libraries sre growing in size and useful-
ness, and are supported by a general taxation,
_ Prof. Burien, of Madison, Wis,, said that hebad
lived in the West for the lust seven years, which
he reckoned about half his life, the remaining
seven years he had lived in New England. Wis-
consin is a state larger than Old England, but a
little smaller than New England, with 267,000
children of school age. She wants good teachers
and offers them good wages. Although the State
is only eleven years old, the Teachers’ Association
has held, already, seven annual meetings, Prof.
B. referred to a visit which he had recently made
in Danvers, where be called on Ma’am Eden, who
upwards of ninety years of age, Conversing
with her he learned that she had never been in
Boston, and that the farthest place from home to
which sbe had traveled, was Marblehead, a dis-
tance of five miles. She went there before the
Revolutionary war, to be vaccinated. Prof. B.
thought that, great as the contrast was between
Mu'um Eden and the present female teacher who
Anvancep Covese or Composition asp Ruetorto:
A Series of Practical Lessons on the Origin, History
and Peculiarities of the English Language, Punctus-
tlon, Taste, the Pleasures of the eae pa con Fig-
ures, Style and {ts Essential Properties, Criticism,
and the various Departments of Proso and Pootical
Composition; Illustrated with Copious Exercises.
had traveled, at least, it was not greater than it
would be between that same teacher now, and
what sbe would be when be should meet her next
in Wisconsin.
Mr. Natuan Hevoxs of Newark, spoke for New
Jersey, which, during the revolutionary time,
was in the Union, but which now, according toa
New York discovery, is in the State of Camden
and Amboy. New Jersey has, for the foundation | t
of her educational system, a Normal School, and
connected with it a Model School, which will not
suffer in comparison with any in the United
States. We have a Preparatory School establish-
ed at great expense, for those who will later enter | #
the Normal School, and our school-houses and
teachers’ salaries will compare favorably with
those of Massachusetts.
Mr. Nonrnenn of New Britain, made some
remarks with regard to the schools in Connecticut,
The school system, he said, was not free. Their
large school fand gives to the education of every
child between four and sixteen years of age, the
sum of $1.40 annually. The people have depend-
ed too much on this fund. The “Rate Bill sys-
tem” is still found in many districts. Within a
few years, about five hundred libraries have been
formed, The State gives ten dollars to every dis-
trict raising equal amount for that purpose,
Mr. su.#s Axsonoe of Dorchester, formerly a
teacher in Prussia, was called upon. He said :—
The schools in Germany, and especially Prussi
are good, relatively, not absolutely. The differ-
ence between schools in the country, and those in
the cities, isas great there as it is withus. To
judge of Prussian schools after an inspection of
the institutions of learni ig at Berlin, Hulle, or
reslan, is as partial, as to take the Boston
Schools for the average standard of the schools of
our State. There, the higher schools are support-
ed entirely or mainly by government, whie the
expenses of the common people, who have to pay,
not according to their property, but to the num-
ber of children they send to school. The school
laws of Prussia are a
from the first to the las
ty officers,
ies them
that time the
schools have
Were dismi
places fi ior clergy-
men oe item of censor-
forbidden,
them.
tuld wot long Pretty ins for
captivity, than the
her longs for better days.
filed by their circulation,
Davver,
section,” hence the book before us,
are & poor, ignorant, superstitions, whisky-drinking
set, without a redeeming trait. The only ambition
among them seemed to be which could tell the biggest
and ailliest stories, Our author was very fortunate in
escaping from euch a crowd, and we wonder he ever
wished to retarn, We think toomuch of human nature
to laugh over such stories of its degradation. Roches-
ter—Sreeie, Avery & Co.
Adapted to Self-[ostruction, and the Use of Schools
and Colleges. By G. P. QvAcKENnos, A. M., Aseool-
ate Principal of * The Collegiate School,” New York;
author of ‘First Lessons in Composition,” etc.
{16mo,—pp. 451.] New York: D. Appleton & Co,
‘Tuts is a companion to the “ First Lessons in Com-
position,” one of the very best books published on the
subject, and now in use in our Common Schools, The
Wo are well adapted to the private student, as they
afford an insight into the mechanism of language, and
astudy of them can hardly fail to give a proper and
graceful expression, No class more than editors feel
he importance of such works, or would be more bene-
For ssle by Apaus &
Fisren’s River (North Carolina.) Scenes and Charac-
tera, By “Skirt,” who was raised thar.” Tllustra-
ted by Joux MoLewan. [16mo.—pp. 269.) New
York: Harpers.
‘Tis is a book which the artist has well illustrated,
and therein consists its princips! merit. The author
was “raised” in one of the dark corners of North
Carolina, and, after an absence of twenty years, return-
ed to visit the home of his childhood, During this
Visit, he states “ reminiscences of early years naturally
rovived,” and on his return he determined to “ write
out some of the ecenes and stories of that age and
The characters
A Natvsar Parrosorny: Embracing the Most Recent
Discoveries in the Various Branches of Physics, and
Exhibiting the Application of Scientific Principles in
Every-Day Life, Adapted to Use with or without
zy iperatin 4nd accompanied with Full Descriptions
of Experiments, Practical Exercises, and Numerous
Milustrations. By G. P. Qvackennos, A. M., Principal
of the * Collegiate School,” N. Y.; Author of “ First
Lessons in Composition, etc, etc. [16mo0,—pp. 450.)
New York: D. Appleton & Co,
A wet arranged, well illustrated School Philosophy,
which a brief examination causes us to believe is
remarkable for its clearnoss and its simplo explanations
of scientific principles as they appear in every-day life,
Woe recommend this book to every young philosopher;
{n fact, to every one who wishes to know more of nature
and its mysterious laws, Rochester—Luvzery Hatt,
General Agent.
++ —____
Paicosorny axn Cunisrtaxtrx.—Philosopby, in
the light of Paganism, was like the fire-fly of the
tropics, making itself visible, but not irradiating
the darkness. Bot Christianity, revealing the Sun
of Righteousness, sheds more than the full sun-
light of those tropics on all that we need to see,
whether for time or stornity.— Coleridge.
Tue accompanying engraving gives a beautiful
and truthful representation of the Nisgara Sus-
pension Bridge, which remsins, as it was the first
day when completed, one of the wonders of the
world. Far above the water, stretching over the
fearful chasm, aud apparently suspended by gossa-
mer threads whose graceful curves describe lines
of true sublimity as well as beauty, appears the
last great triumph of human genius and engineer-
ipg skill. The distant observer is struck with
surprise at its apparent frailness. Everything in
nature, which surrounds it, is in such majestic
proportion, that the bridge itself seems a mere
network of threads and lines, buoyed up. by its
own inherent lightness, aud the elasticity of the
surrounding air. And yet, when we descend toa
mathematical calculation of its size and materials,
its strength and capacities, quite another idea
takes possession of the mind, and we merge its
grace and beauty into its utility,
The passage way is divided into two parts or
floors, one above the other, The upper is used
for the transit of cars; the lower floor is the
passage way for pedestrians and carriages.
Neither the costof the bridge nor the magnitude
of the undertaking is a matter of surprise or
wonder. There are very many mechanical struc-
tures, even in this country, already completed,
which cost immensely more money; and the
tubular bridge at Montreal, now almost finished,
will exceed it in this respect more than twenty
NIAGARA SUSPENSION BRIDGE.
times told; but it is the boldness and the origin-
ality of the adventure, and its complete success,
in the face not only of natural obstacles, but also
of the discouraging prophesies of the most cele-
brated scientific men, which render it remarkable.
The distinguished English engineer, Sterney-
son, recently deceased, pronounced adversely to
its security, and the public generally regarded it,
at the best, a very doubtful experiment. But that
experiment has proved eminently successful, and
thousands of passengers, and immense quantities
of freight, pass over it daily, and in security.
The following table exhibits the proximate,
not the absolute capacities, dimensions and cost
of the Suspension Bridge:
Length of span from centres of towers,....... . S82 feet
Height of tower above rock on Americanside.. §8
Helght of tower above rock on Oanadianside.. 73 "*
Height of tower above floor of railway 6"
Number of wire cables . 4
Diameter of each cable, 10% ino's
Number of No, 9 wires in each cal 5,6
Ultimate aggregate strength of cables. 12,400 tuns
Welght of superstructure 800“
Weight of superstructure and maximum loads. 1,250 *
Maximum weight cable and stays Will support.. 7,300 “
Height of track above water ceseee 058 feet
Base of towers 16 ft.sq
Top of towers, 8
Length of cables, 1,256} feet
Depth of anchor pits below surface of roc ton0
Outside width of railroad Door, aE te
‘Total length of wire In miles, 4,000 **
Cost of structure. 400,000
HOW TO CURE COLDS.
Hatt’s Journal of Health says the moment a
man is satisfied that he has taken cold, let him do
three things :—‘‘Ist, eat nothing; 2d, go to bed,
cover up warm, in a warm room; 3d, drink as
much cold water as he can and as he wants, or as
much hot herb teaas he can, and in three cases
out of four, he will be almost well in thirty-six
hours.
If he does nothing for his cold for forty-eight
hours after the cough commences, there is nothing
that he can swallow that will, by any possibility,
do him any good; for the cold, with such a start,
will run its course of about s fortnight, in spite
of all that can be done, and what is swallowed in
the meantime in the way of physic, is a hindrance,
and not a good.
“ Feed a cold and starve a fever,” is a mischiey-
ous fallacy. A cold always brings a fever; the
cold never beginning to get well until the fever
subsides; but every mouthful swallowed is that
much more fuel to feed the fever, and, but for the
fact that as soon as a cold is fairly seated, nature,
in a kind of desperation, steps in and takes away
the appetite, the commonest cold would be followed
by very serious results, and in frail people would
be almost always fatal.
These things being so, the very fact of waiting
forty-eight hours, gives time for the cold to fix
itself in the system; fora cold does not usually
cause a cough until a day pr two has past, and
then waiting two days longer, gives it the fullest
chance to do its work before anything is done.
ee
THE BEST FUEL,
Woop is the healthiest, because it contains a
large amount of oxygen; coal has none, hence, in
burning it, the oxygen necessary for its combus-
tion must be supplied from the air of the room,
leaving it ‘closely ”” oppressive. A coal fire will
go out unless it has a constant and large supply
of air, while wood, with comparatively fittle,
having a large supply within iteclf, turns to “live
coals.” Qlose-grained heavy wood, like hickory
and oak, give out the most heat; while pine and
poplar, being opened-grained, heat up the quick-
est. The value of fuel, a3 a heating material, is
determined by the amount of water which a pound
will raise to a given temperature; thus one pound
of wood will convert forty pounds of ice to boil
ing water, while a pound of coal will thus heat
near eighty pounds of ice cold water; hence
pound for pound, coal is as good again for mere
heating purposes, as wood is 4s good again as peat,
which is the product of sedges, weeds, rushes,
mosses, kc.
But, if a tun of coal, thatis twenty-eight bushels,
or twenty-two hundred and forty pounds, cost
five dollars, it is about equal tothe best wood at
two dollars anda quarter acord. Coal, at twelve
dollars and a half a tun, is as cheap as wood at
five dollars and one-half per cord. It would be
more equitable, if wood was dry, to sell it by the
pound. Such is the custom in France. For heat-
ing sleeping apartments, wood should be used.
ps Sf
Rovers ron Goon Hanits.—l. Have a plan laid
beforehand for everyday. 2. Acquire the habitof
untiring industry. 8. Cultivate perseverance, 4
Cultivate the habit of pnactuality, 5, Be an early
riser. 6. Bein the habit of learning something
from every one with whom you meet. 7, Form
fixed principles on which to think and act, §. Be
simple and neat in your personal habits. 9, Ac-
quire the habit of doing everything well, 10. Make
constant efforts to be master of your temper, 11.
Caltivate soundness of judgment. 12. Observe a
Proper treatment of parents, friends, and com-
pasions.—Zbdd.
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
BIOGRAPHICAL ENIGMA.
I aw composed of £9 letters,
My 1, 8, 5, 2, 10, 21, 26, 4, 35, 29 is neatness and fashion.
My 26, 47, 59, 42, 48, 19, 22, 17, 6 is a metal and a name,
My 84, 43, 8, 86 is a princely residence.
My 21, 18, 40, 80, 18, 16, 42, 26, 82 is @ portion, an eleva-
tion and a bird,
My 28, 57, 88, 59, 87, 40 Is an enemy to 21, 13, 40, 30, 18,
16, 42, 26, 32,
My 36, 85, 44, 26, 16, 25, 41, 46, 99, 54 is a tall man,
My 19, 51,8, 11, 14, 55 is an engine and a weight.
My 81, 20, 13, 80 is an animal.
My 89, 25, 9, 56, 53, 44 is a legacy and an heir.
My 12, 7, 4, 17, 49, 29 Is a nick-name and a number.
My 24, 35, 89, 45 is an article of female apparel.
My 50, 5S, 46, 36 pertains to a ship and # nut,
My whole Is a problem.
‘The wise and the prudent
‘fo solve it may try—
‘The echolar and student
I also defy,
‘The loser and winner
May not know the amount,
Till the satnt and the sinner
Give their final account,
Wauwatosa, Wis,, 1959.
{7 Answer in two weeks.
ILLUSTRATED REBUS.
he
y
{7 Answor in two weeks.
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
PUZZLE,
Masses. Eprrors:—I have read the “Lover's Poz-
zie,” end, could I make it conyentent, would certainly
call and get the printer's bat, As I cannot do s0, I
Propose that the printer read the following Puzzle and
call and get my bonnet:
Stand yi take towatch take to watch
I ture andwill you if you will me.
8. A.M.
Williamsyille, N. Y., 1959.
ie !
ANSWERS
Answer to Miscellaneous Enigma:—A true regard
for the feelings of others.
Answer to Historical Enjgma:—With the merciful,
thon wilt show thyself merciful; with an upright man,
thou wilt shew thyself upright
Answer to Geometrical Problem:—, 8) and 100
perches.
TO ENIGMAS, &c., IN No. 516,
Se FE,
FARMERS AND FARMERS SONS.
Eps. Rogar New-Yorxer:—I wish to saya
word in behalfof farmers sons. It ix Sasiseatshte
factthat the sons of good thrifty farmers get discon-
tented and dissatisfied, and leaye the parental roof
to seek employment and fortune abroad, and why
isthis? May not the cause too often be attributed
to a pinching restraint on the part of the parent;
in only partially and grudgingly Temunerating
him for services rendered; and partially in not
supplying him with pleasant and profitable recroa-
tion. It comes very hard for the furmer whose
only ambition is to grasp the “ almighty dollar,”
to hire his own son and pay him fair wages; and
date his time of service on and after the day he is
twenty-one —but will let him goto “shack” for
himself, sometimes (muttering as he goes, “he
never earned his salt,”) and hire any one that
comes along and pay him freely $10, $12 or $15
per month, when the services of the absent gon
were worth far more, even if he did play for a day
once in a while,
Now, were it not better to enlist the attention of
sons in the affairs of the farm, (the noblest calling
pertaining to earth,) either by paying him wellor
by giving him a share in the Proceeds; any way,
only interest him, If you pay him more than he
actually earns it is not lost, unless he be a miser-
able spendthrift, and he is not this, if he has been
rightly taught by precept and example. In short,
parents, as you love your children do all you can
to keep your Sons on the farm, and under the
wholesome influence ofa quiet and peaceful home,
and don’t mind the sacrifice. Whon you have
done all this if he still persists in leaving home,
let him go with a father’s blessing, and when he
has “squandered all his substance and fed on
husks” awhile, he will know how to appreciate a
parent's hone.
To the youth, too, I would say, honor and loye
your parents; bear with any notions that to you
seem unreasonable; for how often haye they borne
with your follies and your faults; how often foryou
have they spent sleepless nights and anxious days.
Many things that look foolish to you now will ap-
pear very different in twenty years. Things
teught me by my father, which I once despised
and considered the height of folly, now I hold to
48 my firmest principles—the sheet-anchor of my
faith. Experience makes us wiser, much as we
may now despise its teachings.
Vernon, N. ¥., 1859.
GN. 1,
HOME MADE PICTURE FRAMES,
Bos. Ronan New-Yorner:—W. B. W., of Penn
Yan, asks for information about making “ pictare
frames of burrs, acorns, beech nuts, &o.” The
frame should be of plain work, no moldings except
perhaps what is terms a “‘Jack-plane Molding,” a
little beveled towards the inside. The particular
order of placing the cones, acorns, &c., will depend
onthe taste of each individual. I have one 94 by
28 inches, but it would be difficult to describe it,
The corners are arranged something in the form of
rosettes, of white and yellow pine cones, acorns,
&o,, and also the same midway between the cor-
ners. The balance is filled up with acorns, cones,
beech nuts, buckwheat, Madeira nuts, filberts, but-
ternuts, black walnuts, Brazil nuts, hazel and
almost everything else in the form of a nut with a
rough outside, indiscriminately — the more so the
better. The frame should be first stained—some-
thing near the color of your materials for the out-
side. The nuts, &c., are fastened on with very
thick glue, and when dry varnished over with
thin ghie, When this is dry it may receive o
couple of coats of ordinary varnish which puts on
the polish. I would recommend that the work be
done in a warm room, and allow it to remain there
two or three days, as the glue will not be so apt to
give outand let the nuts lose, Any person with
ordinary good taste can thus make a very beautiful
picture frame,
Although not a “ Young Ruralist,” perhaps the
above may not be the less appreciated by the
inquirer, MRS. A, 8. ©,
Pitisford, N. ¥., Noy., 1869,
“YB BUILD, YE BUILD, BUT YE EBNTRR NOM IN.”
A rew evenings since the preceding sentence
Was read to me,in connection with a circumstance
which caused it to make a very deep impression
on my mind. But, methinks I hear some impa-
tient Youxo Rugatisr ask the question, “Who
are they that build, but do not enter?” I would
say that they are dreamers, who spend their pre-
cious moments in idly thinking of future joys and
honors; and while they are thas dreaming the
future advances; but where are the joys and
honors they counted so surely theirs? Alas!
poor dreamer; perhaps too late thou wilt find
that thou must toil ere thou will realize the joys
and honors which thou dreamed were already
within thy eager grasp.
Arouse then, dreamer, and commence some
noble work, so that when thy race is run and thou
shalt be laid beneath the sod, the world shall be
bettered for thy having lived init. Let not your
precious time be any longer Spent in dreaming.
Thou, and every human being, has a work to por-
form. And when thou workest, strive to work
well, and thus fulfill the Purpose for which sa
all-wise Creator designed us. And He who secth
in secret shall reward ug Openly, in that groat
day when all nations shall Sppear before Him, and
will greet us with the Words, “ Well done, thou
good and faithful Servant; enter thou into the joy
of thy Lord,” w
Pultneyvillo, Wayne Co., N. ¥., Nov., 1850.
Sruparny of tastes is a pleasing attraction; but
congeniality of principles is the cement of souls,—
Jane Porter.
Qure Crate Defence of the Hawthorn —PBar-
peste ea on the Prairie..
Experience with Lightning Rods.
Eradlcating Milkweed.
Specla) Places for Wintering Be .
Facts About Potatoes.—A Good Yield—Will Potatoes
Mix in the Hill ?—The White Meshanock
Raral Letter from Iowa...
Saving Fodder—Farm Mills
Wood Ashes forthe Pea Bug.
Inquiries and Anmoers.— Best Spring Wheat;
Cheese—Inquirles; A Cheap Root Cutter..,.-..+-.-+00+
Rural Spirit of the Prexs.—Poot-Rot in Sheep; White
Skinned Fowls; Mangold Wurteel; Feeding Sheep;
Brine Polsonous to Animals,,
Agricultural Miscellany, — Ru atters 2
Metso olis: A Canadian Plowing Match; A Move in
the Right Direction; Ladies and Agriculture; Barley
and Oats in Maine; Arabian Horses for New York;
Manufacture of Steam Piows: Fine Stock for Texas, &c,;
Death of Major Eastman, of Tepn.........0.-.000-000000 398
HORTICULTURAL.
American Grape Cultare
‘The Japan Qaince...... .
Flower of the Japan Quince, (Dlustrated)
Fruit of the Japan Quince, [Illustrated] .
Norserymen's Catalogues...
‘Winter Protection of Grape Viner.
DOMESTIO ECONOMY.
Almond Custard; Golden Pie: Silver Pie; Ointment 00,
for Burns; Cooking Erg Plant, &c...
LADIES! OLIO.
jay De," (Poetical :) Remembering
City's Pride in its Women
CHOICE MISCELLANY.
‘The Snow Robe, (Poetical;) The Homeric Ag
Scenes...
“Now I Li
Weary,”
‘The Heavenly Sowin,
{Poetical;) The Sabbath; “Gone,
but not Missed; os 00
fnprove we ‘Time...
EDUOATIONAL.
American Inslitate of Instruction.
THE REVIEW
The Anatomy and Physiology of the Horse, by George
HH.
dd; Lectures for the People, hy Rev. Hugh
Stowell ‘Brown ¢ Advanced Course of Compositi
Niagara Suspension Bridge, (Ilustrated;) How to Cure
Brits The Best Fuel; Rules for Good Habits,
YOUNG RURALIST.
nd Farmers’ Sons; Home Made Picture
Sr rasips be Ye Build, Ye Build, but Ye Enter Not In” 401
STORY TELLER.
‘The Bright Hours are Hasting, [Poetical;) A Story for
the new Year; Death of Wasbingion Irv
gundi...
401
BOCHESTER, N. ¥., DECEMBER 10, 1959.
TO CLUB AGENTS, SUBSCRIBERS, &o.
Is answer to recent letters, we beg to state that
we have not, in any instance, offered the Eleventh
Volume of the Runat New-Yorter for less than
our published rates—and whoever expects the
lowest club price ($1,25) to be reduced to $1 per
copy, will be disappointed. Our aim and deter-
mination is to adhere atrictly to published terms,
treating all friends and agents of the Rurat alike
fairly and honorably, Any one offering the paper
for less than our rates, is either an imposter, or
very generous in paying us more than he receives.
We have no traveling agents. The persons who
haye recently been traveling through the West
and elsewhere, pretending to act by our authority,
or to be connected with the Rurat, are swindlers,
one and all. The proprietor of the Rurat gives
no certificates of agency, has no partners in busi-
ness, nor any relative traveling in bis or its behalf.
We hope some of the pretended partners and
relatives, who, taking advantage of the popularity
of the Ruax and the gullibility of the people, are
obtaining subscribers, will be headed and jailed
soon. Grates and gruel would prove salutary.
—For answers to various inquiries, and for
terms and other particulars, please see Jast page.
~
DOMESTIC NEWS.
Matters at Washington.
Tne Tennessee's mail which arrived at Wash-
ington on the 1st inst, brought a letter from an
entirely reliable source, saying that the Cabinet of
the Liberal government of Mexico are united in
their views, and that there is every renson to
believe they will agree to the Pending treaty with
the United States. So hopeful is the writer, that
he adds that it will be received in this country
very soon after meeting of Congress. There is no
truth in the newspaper report that Juarez intends
asking for an immediate Ameyican armed inter-
vention. The rumor, however, was prevalent at
Vera Cruz just before the Tennessee left, that the
Miramon government was about to make oyer-
tures to our own, but its truth was strongly
donbted,
Private advices from Nicaragua represent
everything quiet, with the exception of fear of
invasion by Senator Walker.
President Martinez and the people have the
Greatest confidence in the friendly disposition of
the United States, and have determined to sup-
Press fillibustering. Much disappointment was
manifested at the non-arrival of our minister, Mr,
Dimetry. Some Supposed that he would not
ane are nee before January. President
artinez admits that M. B h i
PORIAL hia contenst elly has already failed
The last dispatches Concerning the San Juan
affair relieve all practical difficulty on the island’
Gov. Donglas and Admiral Baynes both being
satisfied with the course pursued here, and the
joint occupation is now restored, Nothing but
- the original difference respecting the title remains
in dispute, The President’s Message (which will
‘probably be made public during the week, as
> Congress met on Monday, 5th inst.) will only
gchr to it briefly ase question under negotiation
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORUER.
ikely to be adjusted amicably, and none of the |New Mexico, says he saw Kir in good health,
papers will be communicated to Congress. 3,
No expectation is entertained by the Adminis-
tration that Mr. Forsyth can make a treaty in
Mexico, or enter into any satisfactory ar ‘ange-
ment. The President considers an armed inter-
vention necessary for the protecYon of our
citizens, and, a8 & precautionary measure, to
anticipate a seizure by some other nation, before
a total disruption. Eogland has intimated a
willingness to our possession, leaving the pey-
ment of her debt to future contingencies.
‘The State Department has been oflicially advised
that war has been declared by Spain against Mo-
rocco, and the blockade of the ports of the latter
has been announced.
Conoress met on Monday morning, the 5th inst.
Great interest was felt in the organization of the
House, and the election of Speaker. Long before
noon the galleries were densely filled, and crowds
were unable to obtain admittance. Mr, Allen, the
Clerk of the last House, called the House to order.
at noon. The din of yoices immediately ceased,
spectators were excluded from the floor and the
members took their seats,
The roll was called and 231 members answered
to their names. The absentees were Messrs.
Stalworth and Landrum, of Alabama; Brown and
Adams, of Kentucky; Hinman and Rust, of
Arkansas; and Hamilton, of Texas.
On motion of Mr. Phelps, the House agreed to
proceed to the election of a Speaker viva voce.
Mr. Honston nominated Mr, Sherman, of Ohio.
Mr. Adrian nominated Mr. Davis, of Indiana,
Mr. Haskin nominated Mr. Hickman, of Pa, Mr.
Stevens nominated Mr. Grow, of Pa. Mr. Briggs
nominated Mr. Botler, of Va.
On the first ballot Bocock received 86 votes,
Sherman, 65, Grow, 43, Botler, 14, and there were
21 scattering votes cast, ranging from 105. Mr.
Grow, after the first ballot, withdrew his name.
A miscellaneous discussion was taking place
when our report closed, but no further business
was done.
The Senate was called to order by the Vice
President. Forty-eight Senators were present.
The credentials of John C. Ten Eyck, of N. J.,
and Henry P. Haun, of Cal, were presented.
Both appeared and were qualified. The absentees
are, Messrs. Benjamin, Clay, Crittenden, Davis,
Dovglas, Fitcb, Fitzpatrick, Hammond, Johnson,
of Ark., Polk, Sebastian, Seward and Toombs.
Mr. Mason, of Va., submitted a resolution for
the appointment of a Committee to inquire into
the facts attending the sejzure of the armory and
arsenal at Harper’s Ferry, by a band of armed
mrn, and whether avy citizens of the United
States not present were implicated therein or
accessory thereto by contributions of arms,
money, or otherwise, &c. The Committee to
have fall power to send for persons and papers.
Mr. Trumbull, of Ill, gave notice that when the
resolution came up be should move to amend by
extending the inquiry to the scizure of the
arsenal at Frantalin, Missouri.
Execution of John Brown.
Tne first execution for treason since the forma-
tion of our government, was enacted at Charles-
town, Jefferson Co., Va, on the 2d inst,, when
John Brown yielded up his life to the majesty of
the law. We have already published all the de-
tails of the insurrection at Harper’s Ferry, and, as
intense interestis connected with this case, we now
give the closing scene in the life of the leading
spirit connected with that insane foray against the
regularly constituted powers of Virginia. The
military assembled at 9 o'clock, and were posted
on the field leading to the scaffold, and also at
various other points, in conformity with the gen-
eralorders, Everything was conducted under the
strictest military discipline, as if the town were in
a state of siege, mounted guards being stationed
in the woods, to the left of the scaffold, and picket
guards toward the Shenandoah Mountains, in the
rear, That part of the military which kept the
field was joined in two hollow squares, one within
the other, In the centre of these stood the scaf-
fold, Between the inner and outer lines of troops
spectators were freely admitted, but none were
allowed to remain outside the outer line,
The prisoner was accompanied from the jail to
the scaffold by the Sheriff and his assistants, and
Capt. Avis, the jailer, the procession being escort-
ed by a body of military consisting of six compa-
nies of infantry, one rifle corps, and a company of
horse, There was no clergyman present, Brown
having declined all religious ceremonies, either in
the jail or on the scaffold, Brown was taken to
the scaffold in a small cart, in which was placed
also his coffin, a ploin affair, made of white pine,
On arriving at the scaffold, the prisoner looked
sround calmly upon the assembled multitude for a
moment, and then mounted the scaffold with a
firm step. His arms were now pinioned by the
Sheriff, when the prisoner stood silent for a mo-
ment, He then uttered a few words of farewell to
Captain Avis and Sheriff Campbell, when, at ny
o'clock, the trap of the scaffold was pulled away,
and with a few slight struggles John Brown yield-
ed up his spirit. After thirty-five minutes had
passed the body was cut down, placed in a ooffin,
and conveyed under military escort to the depot,
when it was put in a car to be carried to the Ferry
by a speciul train at 4 o'clock, and placed in Mrs.
Brown's possession, The remainder of the insur-
rectionists are to be executed upon the 15th inst,,
Friday next.
—_—— +=
Personal and Political,
Cmer Justice Macavzey, a jurist of high per-
sonal character, in Canada, died suddenly last
Saturday, of disease of the heart, He was ill only
an hour.
Tne How. Cannout Srexce, late Minister of the
United States to Turkey, has recently returned to
this country, after an absence of several years,
Unica is without a Mayor. Mr, Conkling bas
resigned to proceed to Washington, having been
elected to Congress. The Common Council have
a8 yet effected no choice for a successor.
Tur Press throughont the States have been
engaged in performing faneral ceremonies over
Kir Cansos, but Judge Warts, who is direct from
immediately preceding his departure, and hence
emphatically contradicts the report of his death.
Wasurnoton Irvine died suddenty on the night
of the 28th ult., at his residence at Irvington, He
retired to his leeping room at 1034 o'clock, and
after undressing fell and expired in about five
minutes. He was in the 77th year of his age.
Tue Paris correspondent of the Times states
that Senator Seward had reached that city in good
health and spirits, He indignantly denies ever
hearing of the projected insurrection at Harper's
Ferry, and although he recollects having received
4 call from 4 man known as Col. Forbes, there
was n0 mention made of any attempt at insurrec-
tion. Colonel Forbes asked him for means for
another object, which were refused; and that was
all he ever saw of the individual in question.
Nortce was given in the Mississippi Legislature,
the 10th ult., by Mr. Graham, of the fature intro-
duction of a bill to abolish existing laws against
the introduction of slaves from abroad into the
State; and to legalize the holding of blacks in
bondage introduced from foreign countries,
A RepunticaN State Convention is called to
meet at Jefferson City, Mo., on the 28th inst., to
appoint delegates to the National Republican Con-
vention. It is presumed that the delegates from
that State will present the name of Edward Bates,
Tus Republican National Committee will meet
at the Astor House in New York city on Wedngs-
day, Dec. 21, to decide on the time for holding the
National Convention of 1860, and to agree on the
terms of the call,
Tue Governor of South Carolina in his Message,
while showing the advantange of a united South,
says:—“Tf, as I solemnly believe, we can no
longer live in peace and harmony in the Union, we
can form a Confederacy with ability to protect
itself against every enemy, and which will com-
mand the respect and admiration of the world.”
The following resolutions were passed in the
House:
Resolved, That the State of South Carolina is
ready to enter, togetber with the other slaveholding
States, or such as desire the action, into a forma-
lion of a Soutbern Confederacy.
Resolved, That the Governor be requested to
forward this resolution to the yarions Southern
Executives,
Another resolution was offered asking official
information as to the condition of the State arms,
ammunition, number of men enrolled in the State
militia, the style of their arms, &c.
A pispatcn from Washington to the New York
Tribune says the Republicans are in caucus, con-
sidering the propriety of calling a general opposi-
tion conference, The N. Jersey and Pennsylvania
delegations fator the call to bring on all opposi-
tion elements, The Southern opposition members
are now holding a caucus. The principal Anti-
Lecompton members have signified their readiness
to support Sherman for Speaker.
News Paragraphs,
A parry of the Winnebogoes, variously esti-
mated as numbering from 75 to 400 Persons, have
recrossed the Mississippi to take up their old
quarters a few miles from Genesee, in Henry Co,
Illinois.
Twetve miles from Naehville, Tenn., on a good
road, is what was the home of General Jackson,
Though the grounds and tombs of the Jackson
family haye been purchased by the State of Ten-
nessee, yet there have been no improvements about
them, and decay has commenced its work upon
the fences and outhouses. It is proposed by some
to establish an Agricultural Collegeon one portion
of the Hermitage, to instruct the children and
grandchildren of those who fought under him at
New Orleans, and all who may be entitled to the
privileges of the institution.
Disp at Lucknow, India, September 16th, Rev.
J. R. Downey, of the Methodist Mission, He was
& young Married map, and of great promise.
Thus early has one of the six men sent out by the
Methodist Episcopal church of this country fallen
in the beginning of a most promising life of labor.
A vexenaniz and respected couple in St. Louis
celebrated their golden wedding on the 14th of
November. They were surrounded by their
children, and a large company of happy friends
—none more happy or buoyant than the aged
pair. But on the 16th, the chain was broken.
Elias Ware was followed by the same friends to his
“long home.” ‘The golden bow! was broken.”
Lance quantities of white wax have been coming
ashore on the coast.of Texas during the past
month. One man on Matagorda Bay has realized
nine hundred dollars on what he has picked up.
This wax is supposed to have come froma Spanish
vessel recently lost in the Gulf.
Tue Russian Grand Duchess Mary de Leuchten-
berg has arrived at the Hotel du Louvre, Paris,
with one hundred and ten pieces of baggage. She
comes, it is said, as the bearer of a verbal commu-
nication from her brother, the Russian Emperor,
to Napoleon. Having but a mere word to eay, she
did not bring much luggage.
Tur old frigate Constitution, launched in 1799,
and doing good service in the infant navy of the
Republic, and escaping every disaster to which
ships in commission are subject, is now laid up in
ordinary at Portsmouth, N. H., an object of
patriotic regard, The original cost of the ship
Was $302,719, and the amount expended in repairs
up to 1850, when fitted out for her last cruise, was
$495,233,
Wruis, in his letter describing the American
Watch manufactory at Waltham, Mass,, in epeak-
ing of the astonishing minuteness of some yery
essential parts of the watch, says in regard to the
Screws used in putting the work together: A
small heap of grains wes shown to us, looking
like iron filings, or grains of pepper from a pep-
per-castor—apparently the mere dust of the
machine which turned them out—and these when
examined with a microscope, Were seen to be per-
fect screws, each to be driven to its place with a
Screw driver, It is one of the Waltham statistics
which is worth remembering, that a single pound
of steel, costing but fifty cents, is thus manufac-
tured into one hundred thousand screws which
are worth eleven hundred dollars.”
!
CONTENTS OF UMBER, 1 FOREIGN NEWs. =
Great Barrais.—No formal invitation to the
Congress has yet been sent to England by France,
but Count Persigny has been instructed to arrange
the preliminary conditions with Lord Jobn Russell,
The London Times, upon the San Joan dificulty,
enlarges upon the general conviction that wor
between America and England is impossible, It,
however, says there are some convictions which
work out their own truth in practice, but there are
others which tend to their own practical refata-
tion, We sincerely hope that the different read-
ings of the action, that war with England and
America is impossible, may not be an illustration
of this truth, The editorial, after pointing out
the importance of San Juan to England, an impos-
sibility of surrender of it, unless some very
different title be brought forward from any yet
Seen, concludes by expressing much satisfaction
that the right of the island will be coolly discussed
in Washington and London, while the affairs on
the spot will remain in statu quo.
The Times has again a disquieting article on the
relations of England and France, At complains
that in France every instrument that can work on
public opinion is employed to raise a violent spirit
of animosity, and that the army are taught to look
on awar with England as not remote. The Times
cannot discover any serious question at issue
between the two Governments, end affirms that it
is in the power of the Emperor alone to put anend
to the state of things daily becoming more Serious,
and if he does not do so, there is a reasonable
ground for drawing a gloomy inference from his
silence.
The Times says, no doubt a feeling of hostility
to England is more bitter in France than since
1815, and charges the French Government with
directly encouraging it. The enrollment of 80,000
men, as a nayal reserve, commences in England on
the 1st of January.
France.—The formal and official invitation will
be sent to London and the Cabinets of Vienna and
Paris simultaneously. The invitation will not be
identical. Austria will propose that the Congress
assemble in Paris, while France will abstain from
indicating any place. It is certain that Austria,
through the medium of Prince Metternich, has
protested against the nomination of a Regent, by
Piedmont, as such a Regency would be contrary to
the conditions of Peace signed at Zurich. It is
Stated also that England has made representations
against the Regency.
The Paris correspondent of the Times of Satur-
day, says that a confidential communication, of an
important nature, has been addreseed by the Min-
ister of the Interior to all the Prefects of France,
with a view of obviating the effect produced in
England by the violent language of the French
press. The Prefects are instructed to invite such
journals to be more circumspect. The Minister
Soys that a journal while defending energetically
the rights of the country might easily avoid offend-
ing the susceptibility of a great people by pursu-
ing this line of conduct. Also, that the dignity of
the Imperial policy may be reconciled with the
interest of the alliance of France, and the main-
tenance of peace,
The warlike article in the London Times of the
15th, had produced a great sensation.
The Paris journals generally say that the yiews
set forth are exaggerations, and that the unfriendly
feeling, if any exists, is entirely owing to the vio-
lence of the British press.
Trary.—Parma, Modena and Romagna had ten-
dered thanks to Prince Carigani for naming a
substitute, and informed him that they accepted
with gratitude the Regency of Buoncompagna.
Tt was said that the Sardinian Congress would be
summoned to meet before the assembling of the
Congress. The annexation of Italy is to be fully
discussed, and numerous addresses from the peo-
ple of Duchies will be presented in order to give
weight to their cause.
The Piedmontese Gazette publishes a letter from
Prince Carignan to Buoncompagna, in which he
refers to the repeated assurances of Napoleon that
there should be no intervention in Central Italy,
and says that such assurances are encouragements
to the policy of the King, who could never consent
to let violence from without oppose the national
will.
Spaiy,—The protest of the Moorish Government
against the conduct of Spain, in declaring war, is
publisbed. It asserts that the demands of Spain
in each instance, upon being conceded to, were
followed by increased pretensions; and also Mo-
rocco protests against Spain, because that on three
occasions she paid noattention to her engagements,
and declared war against legitimate notice,
Coxmprorar—Breadstufs.—Market frm, but quiet.
Richardson, Spence & Co, report flour quiet, but frm
At 28:@2Ss per barre’. Wheat firm and Vasa bigher
early 1p tbe week, but closed quiet; red Ss3d@leid ;
Whito 9%60@11e9d, Corn dull, but freely offered at a
slight decline, Yellow 32s@38s; white 85a@sss per
querter. Bigland, Althys & Co, report wheat Id higher
and corn 6d loweron the week, Provisions. —Bigiand,
Althya & Go,, Richardson, Spence & Co, James Mc-
Henry, and others, report pork dull and nominally
unchanged, Lark steady,
o+—______
BourtaL or Wasuincton Irnvixg.—The N. Y.
Tribune of the 2d inst., says rom an early
hour yesterday morning, carriages, barouches,
rockaways, farm-wagons, poured into Tarrytown
from all parts of Westchester County, and from
long miles beyond, bearing sincere mourners to
the grave of Wasuincton Irving, From this city
the cars of the Hudson River Railroad conveyed
thither hundreds of our best people, noted in the
highest professions, with not a few in the humbler
watks ot life. From Boston, from Philsdelphia,
there were present many who bad bastily traveled
80 far to see all that is perishable of the futher of
American literature borne to an honored grave —
Many tuere were, in the farm-wagons, undoubtedly,
who knew little of him as the author of the
“Sketch Book,” but who knew and honored him
as the Christian gentleman, the model of all that
is beautiful, and bigh and noble in human pature,
the peace-maker, the counsellor in difficulty, and
the consoler in affliction. To all he wasa friend
and a great man gone. How touching, indeed, is
the loyalty of men to their sovereign man! All
business was suspended in Tarrytown. Every
fi closed as on Sunday, while the
white and black drapery
store was as fully
of mourning was every-
where displayed. If hung in festoons from neal
every house. It was stretched from house to
house across the street. It hung in the front of
a
DOD _ NRO
DEC. 10,
Che News Condenser,
SSE
Yale Collego has 641 students,
— The project of an Insane Asylum in Onondaga,
is agitated, Bes
— Oberlin College has 1,253
are females,
— The aggregate public debt of
of October was $20,190,000,
— Dispatches from Costa Bloa represent the now
Government us highly popular.
—The Episcopal church at Quincy, Mass,, was de.
etroyed by fre on Saturday week,
— Mr. Everett is writing an article on Washington
for one of the furelgn eneyclopmdias.
— An immente pigeon roost fs now established in
Chenango Swamp, Crawford Co, Pa,
— Daring the Jast day or two the water in the 8
Lawrence river has risen Dearly three feet. 6
— It is estimated that there are 1,400 elgar manufac-
teries in this country, employing 7,000 hands,
— The Dayton Empire says castor oll will preserve
‘Umber. We should think it would work out
—The personal property of Brunell, the English
Engineer, was worth the snug sum of $400,000,
— The perpetrators of the outrage on the Dickinson
family at Beirut have all been brought to Justice,
— Mr. Orelana Allen, a sister of Lorenzo Dow, died
at Brooklyn, N, Y., on Sunday week, aged ears,
— One hundred and two million dollars worth of dry
goods have been imported in New York since January
last,
—The suthorities of Missouri bave offered a pre-
mium of $3,000 for the best plan of a national monu-
ment,
—M, De Beriot, the famous violinist, has sold his
violin for four thousand dollars—rather a costly instra-
ment,
tludents. Of these 459
Virginia on the In
— Several persons have been arrested in Verona,
by Hungarian soldiers, for distributing revolutionary
prints, .
—The cranberry crop of the towns of Hartwick,
Breweter, and Dennis, Mass,, for 1859, sgeregated
$28,622.
—The most profitable business in Virginia now, is
the mannfacture of regimentals and uniforms for citizen
soldiery.
— It Js slated that $600,000 have been realized by
the exhibition of the Great Eastern since she wus
Isunched,
_ —Prof. Whitney, of Yale College, is engaged in the
{ranslation and publication of a Hindoo work on
astronomy.
— Anew steamsbip bas been ordered by the Cunard
Company, which !s to be five hundred tons larger then
the Persia, *
— Daring the present Napoleon’s reign, the French
have constructed railways to the extent of more than
4,500 miles.
—At West Stafford, Connecticut, Francis: Patten
recently killed a running fox, at nine rods distance,
with a stone.
— Mr. A. Robinson, of Hartford, basin bis possession
@ Hebrew shekel, which {s sppposed to be morc than
8,000 years old.
— The first brick house ever constructed in California
was demolished last week to give place to a more Im-
posing structure,
— The Emperor of the French has just completed a
new work, to be published under the title of Histotre
dea cansus rayes,
—Itis ssid that Madame Jenny Lind Goldschmidt
contemplates returning to the practice of her profession
a3 a public singer,
—North Carolina appropriates $180,000 for free
school purposes, South Carolina contributes $74,000 for
the same purpose,
— A Tennessce paper says “the inauguration of the
Governor was celebrated by the fring of minute guns
every half hour !?
— Capt. John Wood, of Lebanon, N. H, was one
hundred years old on Tuesday last, He walks erect,
and without 2 cane.
— The Spanish mackerel, a game fish of the Southern
waters, bas appeared in the Hudson river, and furnishes
sport for fly fishermen,
—The Ames Shovel Works, at North Easton, have
made for the year past two hundred and twenty-six
dozen shovels per day,
— The State, county and elty taxes leyled in Cincin-
nail, for this year, amount to over one million five hun-
dred thousand dollars,
— The Massachnsetts Legislature has passed an act
proylding for the establishment of a nautical branch of
the State Reform School,
— The Montreal Gazette says the Grand Tronk ferry
boats carry over 6,000 barrels of flour dally for shipment
to Portland and Boston,
— The Erie Railroad, with {ts appurtenances, is to bo
sold under foreclosure for default in payment of Interest
on first mortgage bonds,
—The engines of the large ocean steamers make
abont 200,000 turns in crossing the Atlantic, between
Liverpool and New York.
— A New Jersey farmer named Geo. Rice, husks corn
at the rate of one bushel {n three and a half minutes,
or 15 bushels in 52 minutes,
— It is stated that the American ehip Memphis, with
700 slaves, had eluded the English cruisers on the coast
of Africa, and got out to sea.
— A new brand of flour has been introduced into the
New Orleans market, under the style of “ Flora Tem-
ple, 2:225s—It can’t be beat”
— W. D. Perkins, of the Nestorian Mission, now !n
this country, bis a copy of the New Testament, in the
Syriac languoge, 658 years old,
—A Mormon’s advertisement reads, “'To be let—
Rooms for two gentlemen and four wives, or rooms for
one genUeman and six wives.”
— The probable loss of life by the recent disasters on
the English coast ts about 600, Numerous losses are
leo reported on the Welsh coast,
—A lady in New Haven, while reoently directing a
butcher about a plece of meat she wished to purchase,
bad two flugers cut from her hand.
— AtSt. Hildatre, Canada, on the 14th ult, a tract of
ground, estimated at 60 acres in extent, sunk to adepth
of 80 feet, with a nolge like sue a A ss
‘horeday, & child was burned to
rath ric ony persons were seriously injured
by the explosion of can of ore a ro
‘riday week destroyed property
Rr enanesco in Colcago. ‘The walls of several
large buildings in progress were blown down.
— At Neponset Village, Dorchester, Mass., fs still
churches of most denominations, Even the Rail-
road depot had its sign of grief.
standing, and in good repalr, a house built in 1650—one
of the most ancient landmarks of Pilgrim handicraft.
rd
LIST OF NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
New York Observer—fldney B. Morse. Jr., & Oo.
The feat ‘Weekly Tribune—lHorace Greeley & Co.
The Soringfield Reoublican—t uel Bowirs & Oo.
it Ward Beecher's Sermons—Joueph H. Kicharda.
‘s Improved Hay and Cathie Scales—J. G. Budiey.
Ne oni
Cast Steel Bell:
James G. Duley.
How to Winter Oattle—I& Hobbie & Co.
Herring's Patent Safca—James G. Dudley.
Parm for Sale—J. B, 0, Vreelani :
Genesee Agriculiaral Foundry for Bale—Sam't C.
Trai Grape Voes-W He Rta
sabella Grape Vines—W. I.
Gale'a Uaicereal Peed Cut'er—J, Rapalle, ARS.
To Younz Rarailste—D. D, Tooker.
A Ploe Steet Fosrarios Balkley.
20 Agena Wantee—M. M- Sanbora.
Great Ourlosity—8hi ‘Clark.
#Aarkets, Commerce, Le.
Holden.
Rorat New-Yornen Orrice, )
Rochester, Dec, 6, 1854.5
‘A euiont fall of rnow on Saturday last gave token of
delabing, and we hoped that, under the new aspect, busi-
ness would soon put on an appearance of life and activity,
‘This morning, however, the snow Is fast disappearing,
owing to the influence of mild temperature, and, in addl-
tion to the molstare thus furnished, the clouds are yielding
agenerousstore, All this bas a tendency to depress trade,
and there is but little doing,
Fron js without change, except In Buckwheat, which Is
19% cents better.
Graix—Onolce samples of Wheat exhibit improvement
equal to Scents ¥ busnel. Corn drooping; Rye and Oats
ditto, Barley at Jast quotations.
Mears, Datry Paovucts, &c., are all dull, but we cannot
aller rates.
Thay is declining in price for taferior—good, sought for at
usual rates.
Rochester Wholesale Price:
FLOUR Ayn Gna. di
Flour.w int. wheat #5,25@6,25
Flour, spring d 0000 5,00
Flour, buckmhent, 8212@2,95
25140
Wheat, Gonese + B5@500
Best white Qan' 0 s¢ 81, 00@ 1,135
HT eae Peaches, dried, ¥ B. AL
Rye, 6! tha. Cherries, dried, # 2 .16@180
Owa by w Potatoes ......1....81@87Ke
Barley. Huss AND Sina
Slaughter,
outt..
i
Clover, bush .
leet, Bowt. Timothy...
pring lambs,each#1,50@1,75
8@5e
2@ 180
WH@WKe
lish, # quin'
Trout, bbl
LovR—A shade firmer, with falr
consumption, 95,10
95,30@5,40 for extra do; #5,10@5,25
8@5,45 for common to good extra
do; ferior to good shipping brands extra
round hoop Ohlo—closingfirmand pretty active. Canadian
nncbanged: sales at #5,39@6,00 for common to cholce extra.
‘Gnain—Wheat without epecial change, with more doing
for export; sales at 81.95 for red State: 81,18 for Chicago
spring, not prime; 14366145 for white Indiana and Southera
‘and winter red Western: and Canada clab on p. & Rye in
moderate request; sales amall lots av84c.. Barley unsettled
and pot active # at 75c for Canada East, 70@80c for
State, Corn scarce and firmer; sales at 8@88c for new
Bier, 91@%c for old yellow. Oats dull at 45@16c for
te, Western and Oanadlan.
era, who are giving extra attention to thelr stock, kine
them as fat as possible. Oorn cannot be more profi
alsposed of than Gy into hogs, It sill prove a pa}
ing basiness, even if present prices should not be sustaine:
The movement will also Increase the crop,
lancer amount of money will be disbursed in
iy
and thus a
th Ipated. itis safe to TaN
hho Was aol Ve suppose safe to say that
fe ndded on to prices the pastweek will add 900,000 hors
to the crop Farmers will not
use while they can sell them at
pork operators, therefore, whatever mi
their own pockets, sre doing # splendid business for the
Wea, There is danger, however. that Eastern operators
wili not take bold freely at present figures, and that Weat-
ero capital must do the basloess as it did last year. Our
currency is now very pearly a3 high as New York prices,
‘and the latter market bas but litue buoyancy compared
with ours, Toe eoreiels oi the past week were 29,9) head,
and for the season £9,204.—Cincinnali Gazelle of Dec, 1.
Kuyrecey.—Oving to the warm weather hog slaughter-
ing bas been restricted, and the number killed so far is
light. The receipts per the Louisville and Nashville and
Toulrville and Frankfort railroads have been falr. The
transactions In hogs have been light, and our packers are
offering #6 net for heavy hogs delivered on the spot. We
understand that one of our packers purchased 8,000 head in
the vicinity of In#ianaoolls, Ind., the other day, at $4.cross,
We also report a sale of 600 to a pucker at #6 nett,—Louts-
ville Courier, Nov. 30.
Towa.—Woes are selliog at Muscatine, Towa, at @3,25; at
Davenport, for 93,50 to 99,75 gross.
Tonoxto, O. W.—The Globe says there is a very active
demand for pork, of which the supply is on the increase.
‘There are a large number of local buyers in the market,
and there is every indication of the TReteDR bieh prices
belong contiqued. In the early park of the week $5,60@5.75
was the current rate, but recently #5 has been frequently
paid for cholce hogs. and the average of Tuesday's sales
could not have beea below 83,75, The demand runs on the
heaviest lots; light animals vary from #5 to 95,50 ¥ 100 Bs.
at up many for thelrowao
Fomsiato #4 # head. The
be In store for
The Cattle Markets.
NEW YORK. Nov. 30.—The current prices for the week
at ali the markets are as follows:
Bear Oatrce—First quality, ¥ cwt., #10,25@11,00; ordl-
nary do, 89,00@10,00; common do, 87,00@8,55; inferlor do,
06,50@7,00,
Cows asp Oatves—First quality, 950, 00; ordin:
do, sit.00980,00; common Hor #80,00eiN 00% naferlor dor
420, 00@ 30,00,
Veau Oarves—First, quality, @m., 6@6Me; ordinary do,
6@5 se; common do, 4@5c;
ferlor do, 34@4c.
Seep anv Laxss—Prime ually © head, Be 5G.6,5;
ordinary, do, #4,08@5,50; common do, #3,00@4,00; inferlor,
Swixe—Pirst quallty, 5:<@5%e; other qualities, 44@5o.
ALBANY, Dec, 5.—OattLe—The market opens better for
fcllers, notwithstanding s slight increase in the supply.
‘The sales made thos far justify us in quoting prices io ®
th, live weight, better than last week. On the lower erades
there is little difference, but holders are pretty sti, and
the tendency upward,
We quote the market comparatively active at the follow-
Ing prices ‘This wee! it week,
Extra c@ii 1K @5M
c@ 4 Gis
BuU@RK
2N@3\4
a@nk
T b chiefly of
the first grades, the “thin” ones, of which there are many,
being neglected, except in a retall way,
2rP—The supply continues large, and the demand is
he weather being more favorable for killing. McGraw
Broa report purchases ef over 3,000, at prices averaging
45,50 # bead; and Searles & Sweeney some 600 head at the
same average. We notice a slight improvement in the
quailty of the receipts.
Hoos—Recelpts Increasing, but thus far we notice very
little improvementin the demand. A few sales were made
during tbe day at 54@5%o, and one extra lot brought 6c.
Pravisions—Pork more active and firmer; sal 16,5 | —Avas and Arous.
@1180 for mess; $11.50 for prime, including a tule selincs |. CAMBRIDGE, Nov. 80—At market 1946 cattle, about £00
option, TRAY, February and March—at 916,50. Lard | beeves, and 546 stores, consisting of working oxen, cows,
Handy ani unchanged, atl04@llc. Batter quiet at 11i@ | ¥earlings, two and three years ol
tec for Oblo; @Ilo for State. Cheese steady at @iic. | , Psice—Market beef— Extr
Dressed hogs firm at 74@1Me, corn fed. a ARF FBT.00 xy pec. quality, #5,7
NUFFALO, Dec. 5.—Froun—The market opens moders
notive, the demand being confined to ordinary radar
while prices are steady, Sales at $4.50 for ordinary upper
lke: $1,75@4.85 for extra State from spring wheat: $4,90@
6.10 for extra Illinois and Wisconsin; $5,10@5,95 for extra
Michigan; #5,40@5,50 for extra Indiana and Ohio; #5,75@.
6 for double extras, and $6,10@6.40 for small lots fayorite
do, Oanadian in falr demand, with sales at €4,90 for extra.
apring, and €5,65 for double extras, Wheat market quiet
and sieudy; sales No, 2 Chicogn spring at SQ). de
qulet; a sale of new kilo-dried is reported at Osc, ‘Octa
Gulet and steady; sales Canadian Ia bags, on track, this
morning, at c, Other grains quiet and no sales,
OSWEGO, Dec, 5.—PLoor—Market unchanged, with a
moderate demand for the home and interior trade, Sales
at 85 for State from Chicago spring wheat,
Gxatx—Wheat wanted for milling, but as holders are
asking #1,10@81,12 for Chicago spring, and $1,13@1.15 for
Milwaukee club. buyersare out of the market, ‘Small sales
of rye at76c, Other grains quiet.
TORONTO, Deo. 3.—Fiour—There has been more active
ity In four during the week, and rates have been well sus-
talned, There is more disposition to purchase, and as the
stock offering is small, holders are firm in demanding full
rates. The price still beara only a poor comparison with
that paid for wheat and millers have to contend against
the forelen buyer, There has been the usual steadiness in
the market during the week, and rates close firm as f lio)
Double extra, 8),7566,9: extra, 95,50@5,70; fancy.
D1; superfine No, 1, #1,60@4,70; do No. 2 24,25@1,80;
oaty fi Lu oF cornmeal, 3 y . For
family flour, 86 1s the current rate forthe best brands, and
and orime a)
cuntly 81 toed
prices, which are quoted
ora very fine lot ¥
ipts of
Tue Goat Trave or Guroaao. —The entire re;
up to
Re and grain at this polnt since January Ist, 1
dat
are as follows:
Flour, Dbl
fs Compared With those of the same period last year,
1850, 1858,
458,105
Wheat
hoes
Raley, ba
Rye,
ar, bu
Srones—Worklng oxen. #75@150; cows and calves, #95
aw, gearings, #9@11; two years old, $17@22; three years
old, fi
Sirmer AND Lasms—5475 at market, Prices, in lots, 81,00
G@i,s0 euch. Extra, #2209,50. ae aan es
Hipws—f@6Me UD. TaLlow—7@7Kc Pp.
Peits—91@#1,25 each. Oar Skivs—l0@1lc ¥ mn.
BRIGHTON, Dec. 1.—At market 1400 beeves, 900 stores,
6000 sheep and lamba, 600 swine,
Prices —Market beef —
67,76000,00; second, 06,51
Wonxina Oxax—$5i 904100.
Mica Cows—$89@40: common, $18@19.
yet Oaty 93, HGS,
old.
rat quality,
ANLINGS—89G11; two years old, ¢17@22; three years
Hives—6@6iie 9D. Cacr Sxrs—l0@l1c ¥ B,
TALLOW—7@7c UD. Perts—9!@$i,25.
Borer ann Fas S100 LN: extra, $2@2,50,
Bwixe—Spring ples, wholesale, 0c; retall, 6@7c,
bogs, undressed, 10c,
TORONTO, Dec, 8.—Berr—The supply of first-class cattle
Js falling off, as many farmers are feeding for the holidays
in the expectation of higher rates. The export demand
continues active at 84,50@5 ¥ 100 ms, of beef for first class,
and for second class there is very little Inquiry at @4.
Sheep are plentiful at $1@4,50 each, Lambs $2@9,50,
Calves 85@6. Slanghtered beef from farmers’ wagons sells
‘At €3,50@3,75 @ 100 ms, for hind quarters,
Fat
The Woo! Markets,
BOSTON, Dec. 1.—The demand for domestic wool has
een moderate, but prices are steady, with sales of 60,000
Tes. In foreign wool sales of 400 bales Mediterranean, Cape
and East Indian at full prices,
Saxon & Merino,
Full blood.
Western mixed.
Smyrna, washed
Do. unwashed.
Syrian
yres
Do, No, Peruvian, was!
PHILADELPHIA, Noy. 30.—The auction sale of
400,000
Ds, wool commenced at noon to-day, M. Thomas & Son,
auctioneers, There was a large attendance and lively bid:
ding, and in an hopr almost the entire list was disposed of,
The prices obtained were as follows:—Extra fleece, 55@'
doable ext 62; medium, 394@50); common, 82@42:
blood, 514; super pulled, 354@36: tub wool, 38@43%;
Oape ‘of Good Hope unwashed, $24. The sale realized
over 8175,000, and was most satisfactory, Many of the bids
Were equal to the market price, There was a large attend.
ance from the East,
Marriages.
Ar Nisgara Falls, N. Y., Nov. 3, by the Rev. ALEXANDEn
M'Oatt, ALPHEUS P. ‘THOMAS and Miss HELEN E.
DOLPH, both of Penfield, N. Y.
Advertisements.
‘Terms of Advertising — Twenty-Five Cents a line, each
Insertion. A price and a half for extra display, or 87) cts,
per line of space, Sractat Notices—following reading mat-
ter, leaded — Fifty Cents a Line, esch lon, IX ADYANG!
§@7- The ciroulation of the RoBAL New-Yonkan far exceeds
thatof any similar journal in America or Europe, rendering
(t altogether the best Advertising Medium of its class,
T CURIOSITY .—Particalarssent free, Agenta
GUeBAT Gisiug BaAW ae CLANK Biddctord, Maine
AGENTS WANTED-—To engage in a new and
SO0A8ENE business, which ipiare ror #9 to 8 per dy.
For particulars address M. M. SANBORN, Brasher Falls,N,Y,
A FINE STEEL ENGRAVING, A PERFECT
likeness
the Rev. Hayat Want Bec ut to
ino ma receipt of 80.cen css
Any AAAFESS, DOR DAS Or TELEX. Drookiyns NY.
SUR ALISTS.—I have a choice collec-
TS oF NS oe aan as Melons, Almonds, Sweet
Corn, &c,, all new let Send stamp for Catalozae,
Address’ D, D. TOOKER, Napoleon, Jackson Co., Mich.
FOUNDRY FOR
GRIER AGhUCELTUBAL OLDE LFA
4 jcult and other Pat-
Cee ee oe iy maou
wi ye Boll on
‘Address SAMUEL’O. HOLDEN, Batavlay N. Y.
fos UNIVER! D CUTTERS—
i} cut Hay, Seaw ard Comat, are self-feeding,
rapldand easy. Give excellent satisfaction, Can
eut any desired
id
by merely turning a screw,
Price from $8 to $25. ¢
resale hy Hardware and T t Deal erally.
este gt a. RAPALSE, Ast
| Forsaleln Rocheater by [5 a
J[SABELLA GRAPE VINES.—Tho anbscriber has
on band a few thousand thrifty Graoc Vines, from one
to two years old, which be will sell at reasonable terms,
They have been well selecied, planted In good, ferulle soll,
and bave bad che best of cere.
‘The subscriber feels jastified Ip recommending this as the
best chance in the countey to Purchase profitable vines.
All who wish to bus, come and see! SLM. ADAMS,
Naples, October 21 GIS-At
pwM™M™uUS XC.
Prt Ronry Pouxa, (Iastrated! 5 cts,
Prex-4-Boo Po: kA, (Illustrate aoc
Bon, Bos Ware POLKA . "So cts,
Composed for the Piano by M'NacduTox. “Pio
effective Polkas, which come eaily ander the fi
Malled fo any adress on recetpt of the price, Pubilshed
by FIRTH, POND & OO., 547 Broadway, New York,
W &BSTER ACADEMY—At Webster, Monroe Co
N. ¥.. ts jast the place for thi ho desire.a goed
Education, bat whose mess are limited. Good roows can
be had fn the boardine- house for selCboardine, at one
shilliog per scholar per week; also board Ip the Principal's
tne pe aT ill e January 4th, 186),
@ pext Term will commenc h For
Circularsatdress "(51831 ©. IL, DANS, Principal:
F OR SALE.—The subscriber offers for sale bis valnable
Parm, containiog abuut forty-five acres of Inod, situated
about 34 miles south of the large and flourishing village of
Seneca Falls, Seneca couoty, N.Y. On sald Farm is a good
Farm House and necessary out-bulldings. with Pruit of
allkinds and the best varieties. The sol! Is first qualll
and well watered. Persons desiriog to purchase a goo:
Farm, well located, would do well to see tnia before our-
chasing elsewhere, Por further particulars Joqnite of J.B,
Murkar, Esq., Seneca Falls, or of J. B, O, Vii whe on
S130
the premises.
BRBRING’S PATENT
FIRE AND BURGLAR-PROOF SAFES,
With Hall’s Patent Powder-Proof Locks,
HAVE NEVER FAILED
IN MORE THAN
300 DISASTROUS FIRES.
The Safest and Best Safe in Use.
Delivered at any Railroad Station in the United States, or
Oanada, at the very lowest rates. 3
JAMES G. DUDEBY, Sole Agent,
Seth at 93 Main strect, Buffalo, N.Y.
H OW TO WINTER CATTLE IN THE
CHEAPEST AND BEST POSSIBLE MANNER
Every Farmer should remember that with a stream of
Pore Water constantly runing In the barn-yard, where
cattle can have free access to a fall supply withoat exposure
to the cold storms, they will consume at least one-fourth
less fodder, and be in better condition. The best ploe to
use for ils pu ose, is the Wood Pipe manufactured by the
nodersigned. fe is the cheapest and most darable, the
id, least liable to get outof order, and is warranted
to give satisfaction, Price 4 cents per foot at the Factory.
ress 1.5. HOBBIE & GO,,
__BiB-3t ‘44 Arcade, Rochester, N.Y.
AST STEEL BULLS,
FOR CHURCHES, ACADEMIES,
FIRE ALARMS, FACTORIES, &C.
FROM SHEFFIELD, ENGLAND,
Have been tested In all climates, Europe and America.
Welgh less; cost less per pound; have better tones; can.
be heard farther than other bells.” They cost 60 per cent.
less than
THE BEST COMPOSITION BELLS,
which are also sold by me at Makers’ Prices,
Broken Bells Taken in Exchange,
orre-cast on short notice, Sach bells will nearly pay for
sigend for Olrowar-, welle/dellvereditn all parts of th
en. for Circular. ells delivered in
United States or Cabada, by UP pol geold
JAMES G. DUDLEY,
sist 43 Main surcet, BulTalo, N.Y.
FHOWE'S IMPROVED TAY OR CATTLE SCALES,
THE BEST IN USE!
lst PREMIUM OVER FAIRBANKS,
At Vermont State Fair, '57 and ’58.
FIRST PREMIUM AND NO COMPETITION IN 859,
First Premium at 13 Different State Fairs,
SILVER & BRONZE MEDALS
At American Institute Fair, N. ¥., 1859.
Howe's Scaces ror ALL Usts, have Great Simplicity,
Wonderfal accuracy.
Require No Pit; may ve set on top of the ground, or
ona Gara floor, and easily removed.
‘No Check Roda; No Friction on Knife Edges; all fric-
tion received on Balls. Welgh truly if not level.
Delivered at any Railroad Station in the United States
or Canada, set up, and warranted to give entire satisfuc-
tion, or taken.back,
Send for Circulars and price Nets, with account of trial
of Soalés between Howe sod. Fairbanks. at Vermont Btate
airs, to JAMES G. DUDLEY,
General Western Agent, 93 Main street,
nett 2 Buitaloy
PIENRY WARD DEECHER’S
SERMOWS, *
REVISED BY THE AUTHOR,
WILL APPEAR IN
THE INDBEPENDENT
EVERY WEEK.
‘This announcement alone should be a sufficient induce-
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influential and usefal religious newspaper published in this
country, To this end they employ an array of Editors,
Special Contributors, Regular Correspondents, Miscella-
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each of whom ‘contributes a valuable and indispensable
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Tn addition to this, arrangementa are now in progress hy
which Tire INDEPENDENT, for the coming year, will be made
Sul more Interesting and attractive,
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the paper will be printed throughout with new type,
Ttis intended tnat any one of the following departments
of the paper, viz., the Sermons of
HENRY WARD BEECHER,
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Rey. GEO. B. CHEEVER,
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Using thelr lofluence to extend our circulation,
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51e.2t No. 5 Beekman street, New York,
Vas SPRINGFIELD REPUBLICAN.
THE LEADING
NEW ENGLAND FAMILY NEWSPAPER,
An Independent Political, Religious, Literary
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PUBLISHED AT SPRINGFIELD, MASS, BY
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alarge Quarta Sheet of elght pages and forty-elght col.
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atter.
DHFS Te COMPANY,
MUEL BOM pllshers, Springneld, Mass,
518-1
ASTOR suse, Broadway, New York.—Al
Mil 3
farm carried on for
from
used here comes Veretablen
tan a pork fo this Mousa, ‘The
Poultry, an Lid
‘Hay and Mee! and In Summer on rick
Fanursasdteaiony. (40), A. BIETBON.
NE SEMI-WEEKLY TRIBUNE.
Tae New York Sevr-Werxcy Taisoss 's published every
TUESDAY aud PRIDAY.
CONTENTS OF NO. 1,514,
I,.LEADING ARTICLES: Organizing the House;
‘The Mayoralty; Jotn Brown's Insanity; Wh
is the blame; Chanolng on Divorce; Weights
and Measures; Itelian affairs: A New Mesical
Discovery; The Brown Piot; Mexican A(fairs;
Brownsville.
II..WREOK OF THE STEAMER INDIAN; Pall par,
ticular,
« TIL.LATER PROM CALIFORNIA: Arrival of the
Baltic.
IV..ECROPE: News by the Vigo and the Africa,
Y..JOHN DROWN'S INVASION: Tribune Charles-
town Uorrespondence ; Cooke's Confession ;
Pright in Kentucky,
VI..RELICS OF THR FRANKLIN EXPEDITION :
London Correspondence of The N, Y. Tribune,
YIL..LATEST NEWS RECEIVED BY TELEGRACH;
‘The Speakership: The Charleston Nomination;
Dous)as and the Democratic Canc nlo Sena-
torsbip; B Routes
G
VIIt,.A JEU D'ESPRIT: By Walter Savage Landor,
X., CORRESPONDENCE OF THE N, Y, TRIBUNE
frou Boston, Washington. nod Oregon,
X..POETRY: A Welcome to Charles Sumner,
NSTITUCE FARMERS’ OLUB :
Oaliforola Vegetation ; Autumn
Delaware Grapes; Food, and How to
XIL..NEW PU@LICATIONS: Review of Chaplin's Ser-
mons preached in tue Broadway Ohurch; Notices
of New Books, Magazines, &¢.
XII. LITERARY: Sales of Book
pectus of Cornhill Magazine.
XIV..PERSONAL,
XY..POLITICAL,
XVI..JONATHAN TO LOWE: Poetry,
XVII..THE REPUBLICAN FAITH,
XVUI..ARMY AND NAVY INTELLIGENCE.
XIX..GALE IN BUFFALO.
XX..COMMERCIAL MATTERS.
XXI..WEEKLY REVIEW OF PATENTS.
XXIL.MARINE AFPAIR3: Cruelty and Murder on
board U. S. Sloop-of-War Brooklyn.
XXTIL..TRIBUSE ALMANAC FOR 1860,
XXIV..MARRIAGES AND DEATIIS.
XXV,.CALIFORNIA MARRIAGES AND DEATAS,
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ddress HORAOE GREELEY & CO,,
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BIE BPITEATAY BROWN, Lowell. Mass.
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ST
Written for Moere’s Rural New-Yérker.
THE BRIGHT HOURS ARE HASTING.
BY ELIZABETH ;
oe
‘Tyre bright, bright ours are harting,
Are hasting fast away,
And summer's bloom is wanting,
Is wasting every day.
‘The green, green leaves are fading,
Are fading one by one ;
‘The glens and uplands shading
‘With hues pale, bright and dun.
The sweet, sweet flowers have perished,
Have perished from our sight,
As those our love has cherished,
Are lost in Death’s dark night.
The gay, gay birds are winging
Their fight to other Jands,
No more with music ringing,
‘The grove all voiceless stands.
The wild, wild winds are sighing
‘With plaintive tones along,
‘The lonely stream replying
Gives forth a mournful song.
‘The dark, dark clouds are sweeping
With dusky wings the sky,
Their broad dim shadows creeping
‘With noiseless footsteps by.
Oh! sad, sad art thou, Autome,
Thon tellest of decay,
And summer’s glowing beauties
All pass with thee away.
Yet I love, love well this season,
With fading glories crowned,
For the pensive beauty breathing
From everything around.
And its skies, its skies are dearer,
‘Though half arrayed in gloom,
‘Than e’er, when brighter, clearer,
‘They bend o'er summer’s bloom,
Avoca, N. Y,, 1859.
TT
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
A STORY FOR THE NEW YEAR.
“A Happy New Yeas, I wish you, dear father,”
said NexzJe, as she hastened into the magnificent
parlor of Mr, Sara's splendid mansion,
It was indeed a beautiful morning, such as con-
tributes to the joyous feelings of unburthened
human nature, and although “ sunrise,” thatbeau-
ful “scene” in the first act of each day’s “ per-
formance,” was over—a “scene” which heavy
eyelids forbid many to gaze upon—yet there was
beanty enough in the tinted skies, and melody
enough in the gentle breezes, to light up the soul
of the most obdurate.
Her father was busily engaged withthe morning’s
paper, and only answered his daughter's “ good
wishes,” by placing in her hand a “ pair of eagles,”
suchas “bankers” fill their “cages” with; know-
ing that he might as well make his gifta voluntary
action, as to wait for her well-directed hints; or,
in case those should fail, a host of plain-spoken
importunities.
Nextie Suirn was the only daughter of wealthy
parents, and her mother being a devotee to fash-
jon, and her father aman who reads the “list of
Stock! Sales” more than his Bible, it was not a
wonder that their only child was proud, gay, and
thoughtless. To say that she was not beautiful,
as the mass term it, would be an untruth; still,
while one of nature’s barbers was curling her hair,
another, called vanity, had slightly curled her lip.
Yet she was pretty,
Her eyes were each of a beautiful jet,
Little globes of love, exquisitly set
Nature had done much for Netuie Sarr, in that
she possessed a symmetrical form, while circum-
stances had stripped her soul to adorn her body.
She had arrived at an age when her only and
highest ambition was to be designated as the
“belle” of the Metropolis; and although she
flattered herself that this was the case, yet it re-
mained a question with the close observer, wheth-
er she deserved it from any good qualities she
possessed, or from the very important fact that
she was, in all probability, to be the heiress ofa
large fortune. She had visited Saratoga with this
one, Clifton with that one, Avon with a third,
Niagara with a fourth, yet no one dared to call her
a “flirt,” and she verily believed that she was
“Queen” of an “Empire” where the proprietors
of “infant mustaches” and “garrote collars”
figured largely as her “subjects.”
Nevuie had looked forward with joyous anticipa-
tion to this day, when her host of admirers were
to favor her with calls, and accordingly had ar-
rayed herself at an early hour, that none might
find her lacking in any degree of her usual (artifi-
cial) loveliness.
It was generally known that Miss Suarn would
receive her friends on New Year's day; and the
servant who ‘answered the bell” was as anxious
to count his “bits” as she was her “beaux,”
Not in the least disapp at her father’s
mode of reception, she hastened to greet her
mother likewise with a ‘formal kiss,” betraying
Sboutas much affection as you would find devotion
in Worship, where “ custom” isthe sole “master of
ceremonies,” With a mother’s fondness and intu-
itive perception, Mrs, Swimm informed her daughter
that “just one more jewel in ber hair, would make
her look perfectly charming.”
Yes, mother—I know; and I would be highly
- pleased to gratify you in this request, but I have
no time to purchase one this morning, and those
which I have are not fashionable.”
“Perhaps this would suit my Nexie,” said Mrs,
Swarm, as she presented el With a costly pearl.
“Tt is one I selected for rday; a simple
gift, however, for so dutiful a child.” ‘The “ thon-
sand thapks’’ and two and a balf kisses, satisfied
‘Mra. Sworn that her gift was acceptable, while
) Nevire assured her mother that she was “ indeed
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
fortunste in baving a parent so earnest in study-
ing her good.” Suffice it to soy, New Year's day
passed, and Nexurm Siam went to rest that night
perplexed to think that the “calls” she had re-
ceived far outnumbered the compliments. She
could reflect upon no good deed to sweeten her
meditations, or righteous act to be rehearsed in
her midnight dreams; and I presume you are
ready to declare that if the three hundred and
sixty-fourremaining days of Nexue’s “‘ New Year’
were characterized by the first, my subject is but
poorly illustrated.
New Year's day was not alike in every house-
Bold. Lucy Uptox, like Nevure Sairn, was the
danghter of parents in affluent circumstances.
Nature had bequeathed her an equal fortune of
physical beauty, and when one looked in her deep
blue eyes, they seemed none other than the
« windows of ber soul,” through which you might
behold the joy that lighted up ber heart within,—
Her mother had early taught her the precepts of
the Holy Book, and by a christian example had
gently led her in the way of blessedness and truth.
Her father, a successful merchant, had, in former
years, often indulged his charitable spirit by aid-
ing in benevolent enterprises, and finally learned
that he had only “cast his bread upon the waters,
to be found after many days.” It was not surpris-
ing, then, that when Lucy greeted her parents on
the morning of the New Year, that she received a
hearty welcome in return, besides a present, not
unlike Neuure’s, although bestowed with a differ-
ent motive. Mr. Upron was sure that bis daughter
would make good use of the gift, while Mr, Sara
disliked the detraction from his sordid gain, no
matter what the purpose for which it might be
appropriated.
«Oh, mother! what a beautiful day we have for
making our calls!” exclaimed Lucy Upton, asshe
threw open the shutters of the east windows,
which let in a flood of glorious, dazzling sunlight,
“What! what!” said Mr. Upton, “ladies doing
the calling on New Years? Ishould think you
were about instituting a newcustom, are you not?”
“For this once,” replied Lucy, “and if you will
go with us, we promise you a happy day.”
Not loth to engage in any enterprise where a
like guarantee was given by his wifeand daughter,
Mr. Upron assented, and scarcely an hour had
elapsed before his finely matched span of dapple
grays, and well-robed sleigh, freighted with the
trio, were gliding down the street, to the utter
astonishment of their intimate acquaintances,
who, gazing from the windows of their elegant
dwellings, wondered why people so wealthy as the
Uprons, should desert their housebold on New
Year's day, in violation of a fashionable ordinance.
“Well, there! if that is not perfectly horrid!”
cried Mrs. Witson, “there goes the Uprons on
New Year’s morning!”
“Tt seems they do not receive calls to-day,” said
Miss Fora McFnimsey.
“T really cannot imagine where they are going,”
exclaims Miss Exrensio CincuMrereNtra.
Such were some of the many expressions made
as our worthy company went dashing down the
streets, and Mr. Upron soon found, by the direc-
tions which Lucy gave the driver, that they were
out on a charitable mission.
In a few moments the merry sleigh-bells had
ceased their tinkling in front of one of those
rickety tenements where poverty reigns, and
starvation does its desperate work.
Mr. Upron instinctively followed his wife and
daughter as they crossed the threshold and enter-
ed a room where a woman, just recovering from a
severe attack of fever, welcomed their approach.
It was evident that she and her group of children,
had suffered much; but that some ministering
angel had before visited their rude home. Who
this Angel was, we leave you to imagine; while
we cross to another street, where hunger, wretch-
edness and sin, have left their foot-prints unmis-
takable. ws
In a dreary building of stone, at the left, after
passing up the first flight of stairs, lived the poor
Mrs. Morris, who once bad known better times,
but by a sudden reverse of fortune had been
bereft of home and a kind husband. She was
therefore left to struggle on in endeavoring to
support herself and children, and although her
eldest daughter was able to sew for the shops, yet
the small wages she received were reduced so
much smaller on account of “hard times,” that
they were barely kept from starvation; and now
that her mother was taken suddenly ill, it was not
strange that Exren Mornrs’ star of hope had
well nigh set. Not having been able to leave her
mother’s bed-side for the last twenty-four hours,
and with no physician, no food, and the last coal
in the grate, we wonder not, that, amid the heart-
rending cries of her younger brothers and sister,
she groaned in despair. That groan was heard
by Lucy Urroy, as she entered this abode of
misery followed by her parents. She had never
found it before, There had been enough on the
streets where we last left them for her busy hands,
but not enough for her ever bountiful heart. Few
questions were asked of Eurex. Poverty speaks
for itself. Medical attention was summoned by
the direction of her futher, remedies prescribed,
food and fuel furnished. A few weeks had passed,
when Mrs, Morris was quite well, and Exien
received a situation in Mr, Upton’s counting-
room, where with her pen she earned a good
salary, for in their days of better fortune she had
improved her time at school.
“What have you there?” said Mr. Upron to
Ley, as they descended from the old stone house
to resume their seats in the sleigh.
Not lacking in confidence towards her father,
Lucy handed him a book, where he discovered a
list of the immediate wants of the many poverty-
stricken whom they had visited, comprising such
necessities as her own and her mother’s charitable
observation told them were essential to the pal-
liation of the intense sufferings which they had
bebeld for m better purpose than to gratify a
reckless curiosity. Mr. Urrow made no reply, but
smiled; not a sarcastic smile, however, but such
‘as comes from the higher and holier impulses of
the heart, 3
We cannot follow them through sll the haunts
of misery which they visited, but had you secretly
éntered the wholesale establishment of W. J.
Urros on New Year's afternoon, you might have
seen busy bands at work, filling out those
memorandums, and, contrary to Mr. Urron’s
system of ‘‘cash trade,” these parcels were sent
out ‘on time” to be paid for when the Master
saith, ‘‘ Come ye blessed of my Father,”
Yes! many a heart was made glad by the visit-
ations of Lucy and her parents, and when that
amiable group bent around the “ family altar” at
night, and implored ‘Divine protection over the
poor and the destitute, aud especially those whom
they had seen and aided,” think you not that the
First day of January was a “happy one” to them?
And when Lucy Urron, closed her eyes to dream
of the Eternal City with its “shining streets of
gold,” and saw those same needy, suffering
creatures tuning their “harps” for the “everlast-
ing hallelvjab,” had she not entered upon a
“Happy New Year?”
“Dreams! but a deeper thought her soul did fl,
One! One! was near, a spirit holier still.”
Monroe Go,, N. Y., 1859. E
DEATH OF WASHINGTON IRVING.
Tas community is shocked to-dey at the intelli-
gence of the death of Washington Irving, the most
eminent of American writers, and as the tele-
graph shall flash the sad news to the farthest ex-
treme of our land; as steam shall bear i!
the sea and it shall penetrate the whole civilized
globe, there will be everywhere a common expres-
sion of sorrow, that a trae man, a genial writer,
an accomplished scholar, has passed away from
earth. Mr. Irving died suddenly last evening, at
his quiet home at Sunnyside, on the banks of the
Hudson, the home where the calm evening of his
life has been passed; the point which is at oncea
centre of American culture and the shrine at
which the devotees of literature and of truth rev-
erently paid their vows. Henceforthit will be the
Stratford-on-Avon of the Western World. Mr.
Irving retired at 1044 o'clock, and was in the act
of undressing, when he fell and expired almost
immediately. Though the shockof Mr. Irving’s
death is sudden, the event had not been alto-
gether unexpected. Failing health and adyanc-
ing age have sadjy indicated to his friends that
ghe silver cord was loosening.
Washington Irving was born April 4d, 1783, in
the city of New York, in William street, between
John and Fulton streets, not far from the Old
Dutch Church, now occupied by the site of the
“Washington stores,” The father of Mr. Irving
was a native of Scotland; his mother a native of
England. At the time of his birth his father had
been settled as a merchant in this city some twenty
years.) After obtaining an ordinary school educa-
tion, Washington Irving, at the age of sixteen,
commenced the study of the law. Three years
later, under the signature of “ Jonathan Oldstyle,”
he contributed a series of letters to the Morning
Chronicle, a newspaper of which his brother, Peter
Irving, was editor. These attracted much notice,
were extensively copied, and in 1823 or 1524, were
collected and published without the author’s sanc-
tion. In 1904 he sailed for Bordeaux, on a visit to
Europe for his health, In his travels he went to
France, Genoa, Sicily, crossing from Palermo to
Naples, passing through Italy, meeting Allston at
Rome, who advised that he should devote himself
toart. After several months stay on the Conti-
nent, he went to England and returned to New
Yorkin March, 1806, fully restored to health. He
then resumed the study of the law, was admitted,
but never practised, He took the chief part in
“Salmagundi,” the first number of which appear-
ed in January, 1807, and the last in January, 1808,
In December, 1809, he published his Knicker-
bocker’s History of New York. In 1810, two of
his brothers gave him an interest in a large mer-
cantile concern, in which they were engaged, in
Liverpool and New York, with the understanding
that he devote himself to his literary pursuits. In
1818 and 1814, during the war with Great Britain,
he edited the ‘‘Analectic Magazine; and in the
Fall of 1814, joined the military staff of Daniel D.
Tompkins, Governor of the State of New York, as
aid-de-camp and military secretary, with the rank
of Colonel. On the close of the war, May, 1815, he
embarked for Liverpool with the intention of mak-
ing a second tour to Europe, but the business
reverses which followed the peace, involved the
house of his brothers, and after two or three years
attention to business, endeavoring to avert the
catastrophe, the house failed, involving him in
its ruin. In 1818 he commenced papers of the
“Sketch Book,” which were transmitted piece-
meal from London, where he resided, to New York
for publication. Three or four numbers were thus
published, when finding that they attracted notice
in England, they were published in a volume, in
February, 1820, by John Miller; Miller failed soon
after, and the second yolume was published in
July, of that year, by Mr. Murray, who purchased
the copyright for £200, but finding the work
profitable he presented Mr. Irving with £200 ad-
ditional.
After residing five years in England, Mr. Irving
remoyed to Paris, August 1520, remaining till
July, 1821, when he returned to England and pub-
lished “Bracebridge Hall” in London and New
York, in May, 1822, He wintered that year in
Dresden, returning to Paris in 1823, and to Lon-
don in May, 1824, when he published his ‘Tales
ofa Traveler.” In August of that year these were
published in New York, In August he returned
to Paris, and in the autumn of 1625 visited the
South of France, spending part of the winter at
Bordeaux. In February, 1826, he went to Madrid,
where he remained two years, writing the life of
Columbus, which was published in 1828, In the
spring of that year he yisited Granada and other
points mentioned in the “Chronicles of the Con-
quest of Grenada, by Fray Agapida,” making a
sketch of this work. He prepared it for the press
at Seville, and it appeared in London and New
York in 1829. In the spring he again visited
Granada, and spent some months in Alhambra,
where he collected materials for a work of that
name, published in 1892, In July be went to
England, haying been appointed Seoretary of
Legation to the American embassy at London,
under Mr. McLane. In 1832, upon Mr. McLane's
return, be remained a few months as Charge, and
resigned on the arrival of Mr. Van Buren, In
1880, Mr. Irving and Mr. Hallam, the historias,
each received one of the fifty guinea medals award-
ed by George IV. for eminence in historical com-
position.
In 1831 Oxford University conferred the degree
of LL. D. upon him, and in ‘1832 he retarned to
New York, after an absence of seventeen years.
On his return to this city he was greeted with an
ovation, at which Chancellor Kent presided ; simi-
lar testimonials were tendered him from other
cities, but he declined them. In the summer of
1882 he visited the West with Mr. Ellsworth, one
of the Commissioners for removing the Indian
tribes west of the Mississippi. It was during this
journey that he collected the material for his
“Tour on the Prairies,” published in 1835, ‘ Ab-
bottsford and Newstead Abbey,” and ‘“ Legends
of the Conquest of Spain” were also pablished the
same year. In 1836 he published “ Astoria,” and
in 1837 “The Adventures of Captain Bonneville.”
In 1839 be engaged with the “Knickerbocker
Magazine” to furnish monthly articles for two
years, In February, 1842, he was appointed Min-
ister to Spain, leaving for Madrid on'the 10th of
April, 1842. His official duties terminating in
1846, he returned home, and in 1848 commenced
the publication of a revision of his works which
were then extant, —
In 1849, he published “Oliver Goldsmith, a
Biography,” and in 1849 and 1850 “ Mahomet and
his Successors.” In 1855 “ Wolfert’s Roost.” In
the same year he published the first yolume of
“The life of George Washington,” the last volume,
the closing work of his life, was published a few
weeks since. In reference to this last work Prof.
Greene in a recent conyersaston said:—It isa
most invaluable work to this country, for it gives
to the universal mind, for the first time, a living
presence of Washington! To the plurality of com-
mon readers, hitherto, Washington has been a
historical abstraction, hidden in the heavy reading
of statistics and State-papers. By Irving they are
now made acquainted with him in flesh and blood,
as it were, a Washington so pictured that they can
admire and revere him with a human sympathy.”
Since 1549 Mr. Irving's works have been pub-
lished by Mr. G, P, Putnam, who has in that time
disposed of nearly six hundred thousand volumes.
Mr. Irving had four brothers. William Irving,
the eldest, was a merchant. He was a member of
Congress from 1813 to 1819. He married a sister
of Hon. James K. Paulding, and assisted in the
composition of “Salmagundi.” He died in 1821.
Peter, another brother, was editor of the Morning
Chronicle, and assisted in the construction of
“Knickerbocker’s History of New York.” He
was a physician, and died in 1838, Ebenezer
Irving is still living. He has made his home at
Sunnyside. He is the father of Rey. Theodore
Irving, formerly Professor in Geneva College and
in the New York Free Academy. John Treat
Irving was Presiding Judge of the New York
Common Pleas from 1817 until his death, in 1838.
He was also a contributor to the Morning Chroni-
cle. His son, a member of the New York bar, is
the author of several popular works.
A few years since Mr. Irving purchased a resi-
dence on the banks of the Hudson, about twenty-
five miles from this city, and between Irvington
and Tarrytown. This quaint old house, so sug-
gestive of the humor of its proprietor, is immor-
talized in “‘ Wolfert’s Roost,” and in the story of
Ichabod Crane, and is the charming spot so
appropriately named “‘Sunnyside.” Here Mr.
Irving bas resided, his brother and his nieces
composing the family, and here it was that he met
the death for which, with Christian calmness,he had
so long waited, and which had so few terrors for
one who had governed his life by the precepts of
the Christian faith. ¥. Com. Adv., Nov. 29.
SALMAGUNDI.
Try to form a conception of asixth sense, if you
can,
He has the hardest kind of work who has nothing
to do.
A MAN can be ruined only by his own voluntary
evils.
Fasr men, like fast rivers, are generally very
shallow,
Lapies, before marrying, had better destroy all
old love-letters.
‘A prs has as much head as a good many authors,
and a great deal more point.
Tue great chastisement of a knave is not to be
known, but to know himself.
Ir virtue is its own reward, there will be persons
who will have little enough.
A Mr. Ancuer bas been sent to the Ohio Peni-
tentiary for marrying three wives. “Insatiate
Archer! could not one suffice?”
Tix is the most subtle yet the most insatiable
of depredators, and by appearing to take nothing
is permitted to take all; nor can it be satisfied
until it has stolen the world from us, and us from
the world. .
“Wire,” said a man looking for a bootjack, “I
have places where I keep my things, and you
ought to know it.” ‘* Yes,” said she, “I ought to
know where you keep your late hours—but I
don’t.”
Tur duties of the present moment we shall meet
as they rise, and these will open a gate into the
next, and we shall thus pass on, trustfully and
—_—_——————
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Havrse concluded to mail the Eleventh Volume of
the Runar New-Yorner by a new Patent Machine
Process, \t becomes importent to receive a great
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possible moment. To secure this result,—and also as
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Love is a flame which burns in heaven, and
whose soft reflections radiate to us. ‘Two worlds
are opened, two lives given toit. It is bylove that
we double our being; it is by love that we ap-
proach God.—Aime Martin.
Two men, Joseph Sparks and Oscar Flint,
were assailed in the suburbs of Baltimore, a few
nights ago, by a gang of shoulder-hitters, Flint
was knocked down, but his companion escaped
by flight. When the scoundrels hit Flint, Sparks
Je Mawwens,” says Sidney Smith, “are the shad-
ows of virtues; the momentary display of
qualities which our fellow creatures love
respect. If we strive to become, then, what
strive to appear, manners may often be rende:
usefal guides to the performance of our duties.”
|
recelye gratulties, and thelr kindness be appreciate
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
THE LARGEST CIRCULATED
Agricultural, Literary and Family
18 PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY
BY D. D, T. MOORE, ROCHESTER, N.Y.
Office, Union Buildings, Opposite the Court House, Buffalo St.
Terms, In Advance: — Two Doutsns 4 Yean—@1 for
six months, For Club Terms, &c., s¢¢ iS
ApvenrisemenTs —Twenty-Five Cents # e, each inser-
tion, payable in advance, Our rule 1s to give no advertise-
ment, unless very brief, more than six to elght consecutive
insertions, Patent Medicines, &o, are not advertised fo
‘the Ruzat on any conditions.
"Pre Postage on TAS RURAL Js only 344 cents per quarter
to any part of this State, and 64 cents to any other State, if
pald quarterly in advance at the postoflice where recelved.
feckly,
“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.”
[SINGLE NO. FOUR CENTS.
VOL; X. NO. 51.
ROCHESTER, N. Y..—FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1859.
{WHOLE NO, 519.
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
RURAL, LITERARY AND YAMILY NEWSPAPER
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE,
‘With an Ablo Corps of Assistants and Contributors,
‘Tee RonAt Now-Yorees is designed to be unsurpassed
im Value, Parity, Usefulness and Variety of Contenta, and
‘seniqne and benutifal in Appearance, Its Conductor devotes
Lis personal attention to the supervision of its varlous de
partments, and earnestly Inbors te render the Rumau an
exiinently Reliable Gulde on all the Important Practical,
Selentific and other Bubjects intimately connected with the
woxiness of those whose interests it cealonsly advocates. —
: t embraces more Agricultural, Horticultural, Sclentife,
B4voational, Literary and News Matter, interspersed with
Appropriate and beautiful Eogravings, than any other Jour
nal,—rendering it the most complete Aomicuntonsz, Lit-
EAARY AND Fawiny Nswararen in America.
For Teams and other particular, ee
THE PROGRESS OF RURAL DIPROVEMEDT.
Aut changes are not improvements by any
means, and many things are misnemed. But,
amid the numerous changes ad new things in
the various branches of production and mann-
facture, decided improvements aredaily developed,
the sneers and sighs of old fogies and stoical
conservatives to the contrary notwithstanding
The world mores— Agriculturally, Mechanically,
Scientifically. Every department of Art, Science
and Production is stamped with progress, and
improvement is the watchword and endeavor of
the great mentality and physicality (so to speak)
of the age. Many things msy be overdone, but
every honest, well-directed effort toward improve-
ment has its effect, and eventual reward. Mind
and matter are the great instraments—genius the
awakening, propelling power—asnd, though fail-
ures may occur on the start, a new idea in Agri-
callure or Mechanics is sure to lead to successful
results. Years ago Steam Navigation was the
idesa—scouted and derided at first, but now a
success and blessing! Then, the Magnetic Tele-
graph—first ridiculed, now triumphant. And so
we might enumerate scores of inventions and
improvements, inaugurated with difficulty, which
are now indispensable in the prosecution of vari-
ous arts and occupations,
The Roral World moves as well as the Mechan-
ical and Scientific. Witness the improved imple-
ments and labor-saving machinery invented and
adopted within the past twenty years, to say
nothing of the improvements in Culture, Hus-
bandry, Rural Architecture, &c, Look at the
Progress of Improvement in eyery department
of Rural Affairs! We need not particularize or
énter into details. Every intelligent reader who
has lived forty years, and has been a casual
observer for the past twenty, has witnessed
enongh to satisfy bim thet this is a progressive
age, without asking for the items in any depart-
ment. Within the letier period the sickle and
the flail have become classical in many sections
of Rural America—for they are now only emblems,
albeit emblematio of a species of muscular effort
and back-sche almost unknown to modern sgri-
culturists. .
‘The Steam Press is the forersoner of the Steam
Plow. The former has long been ¢ successful—
aye, an indispensable — institation, and the latter
ig as sure to follow as is the sun to shine in the
The fiat has gone forth, and the result
J fureka/” —e\thongh many still doubt
and disbelieve. And with Steam Cultivation, a8
p Steam Navigetion, will come rast facilities
nd economies to the people and a large extent
ir conmtry. Who can tell the advantages
fits that ore to accrue from this improye-
hose which will follow as necessary
ments. What followed the invention
of What will be the result of the success
of Fawxes’ and his coadjators? Homan ken may
not foresee, bat time will determine.
And what of the progress of improvement in
crop colture and soil hment Look at the
single item of undi
unheard of when we commenced our career as an
agricultural journal e fifteen years ago,
Itis safe to say that
Provement and enrichm:
of dollars to the
jg—a thing almost
tore of America, and yet the ground hasscarcely
been broken in this important matter. Dhe man
who has done more than any other to inaugurate
this vast improvement in our land—Jouw Jouy-
STox—ie worthy of all honoy, and if not Knighted
or Sainted, should be held in eternal remembrance
by the Apriculturiste of the Western Continent.
How about Horticulture? What of the im-
provements in the culture, propagation and
introduction of Fruits, Flowers, etc., within the
past twenty years? Look at the results of the
brain and band labors of the Downinos, Barnys,
‘Wiens, and scores of others, and the answer is
fonnd on every band, in almost every section of
the country. For evidence of the progress of
improvement in this department, see the nurse-
ries, the orchards and the gardens throughout the
jand—not only in the suburbs end vicinities of
cities and villages of the Eastern and Middle
States, b in yarions parts of the West, North-
west and Southwest, where a)l was waste and
wilderness twenty years ego.
And so of Raral Architecture, and many other
branches which it is snperflaous to mention in this
connection. Look where you will and there is
evidence of decided progress ian Rural Improve-
ment on erery hand and in every department —
though its advocates and promoters may be (in
some love! 8) surrounded by slothful, non-
progressives, who cling to the past, and scout at
the improvements of tbe present, with a pertinac-
ity-and pugnacity characteristic of direct descend-
antsof the veritable Rie Vax Wixxce of Sleepy
8 an “irrepres-
ollow= “Betwete those tivo clas
Sible conflict” has long been waging, and annually
has|victory perched upon the banner of the ’ro-
_ Witness the augmenting influence and
he Agricaltural Press, and the increase
in numbers, usefulness and beneficial results o
the various Societies designed to advance Rural
Let us rejoice in and for what has
hed in the past, and individually
resolve to contribute our quota of effort that the
future progress of our country may be worthy of
its recent history in this important department.
tee
JOHN JOHNSTON ON WINTERING SHEEP,
“Many farmers are so very remiss,” says Mr.
Jounston, “in wintering their cattle and sheep,
it would be well if the Agricultural papers would
remind them of their duty every autumn, until
thers would be fow farmers in the country but
would keep their stock improving in winter as
well as summer.”
Well, thet's letting the rogues off pretty easy.
It isjevident that Mr. Jonnsron “leans to the side
of mercy,” in that he proposes an annual instead
of _a weekly flagellation of these high-handed
sinners. He ie manifestly conscious that it re-
quires < good deal of Christian fortitude not to
pineb stock = Jitté/e, when hay is from twelve to
twenty dollars a tun, and corn from six to eight
shilliogs a bushel! The value that disappears in
the shape of food, is present and pelpable—we
are conscious of the daily drain upon our purses,
as we replenish the racks with provender—while
the profits on the outlay are seen only through
faith ond hope, if indeed they are seen at all—so,
We save a little to-day, at the risk of losing a good
deal by-and-by, in the low condition of our stock?
In the whole renge of agriculture, there is
Scarce a qneation of greater interest and import-
ance than the one started by Mr. Jounsroy, in
the above quotation :—S/al? we ‘keep our stock
improving in winter as well as summer?” Tam
gled that o gentleman of Mr. Jonnsroy’s jadgment
and experience bas given his views upon it, High
keeping in the winter may be recommended,
7¥nst—Beceuse the animal so kept constantly
grows and improres till it arrives at maturity,
attaining a much greater size and a better quality
than if it is starved and stunted by short keeping
half the year,
Second—Animale in good condition will gener-
elly command « fair price and s ready sale, whereas
Sramesare only in occasional request,at low prices.
Third—W hile an animal is falling away it makes
no return for the food it receives,
Fourth—Mr, Jouxstox, to show “there is a
profit every way in high feeding,” says, “if alot
of Merino wethers averaging 8S or 90 Ibs, live
weight, in the fall, is worth 3 cents per lb., a lot
weighing 120 lbs. average is better worth 4 cts,,
and those weighing 180 Ibs. 4}¢ cts.—for the
Teason thet the offal of the 90 1b. sheep is only a
trifle less than the one weighing 120 Ibs.
Fith—Mr. Jon says yery truly, ‘the
igher yon feed, the higher you manure, the
re being so much richer.”
one Sa Sizth—Disease and death make great ravages
and cultira- |
& Poor animals, particularly sheep. .
Seventh—A fat animal is generally “ foll-blood-
ed,” or pretty much so; is always handsome, and
pays about 10 per cent per. asnum to look at.
Pen Coxraa.—A cucctssfal Livingston county
farmer, largely in the wheat business, used to buy.
steers in “tax times,” (January and February,)
winter them through on rai, put them in good
pasture, and sell them in the following summer
or fall at a good profit. This supposes that straw
was plenty, and accounted nothing except for
tmanure—the steers were lean and bought “‘ very
low for cash.” They would not fall away much
with pleaty-of-good straw. Had he bought
fleshy cattle and put them on straw, they would
heve fallen away and involved him in a loss, as
they would have cost him more money and been
very little better in the end. He dosé the gain on
his cattle in winter, but he fattened them on grass,
the cheapest materiel by balf where land isplen-
tier than labor. The man got rich, but whetber it
was on account of his straw policy, or in spite
of it, Tcannot tell. If his system would do any-
where at the present day, it would be at the West,
where large quantities of wheat, barley and oats
are raised, making straw plenty, and where Uncte
Sauver bas plenty of pasture all “open to the
common.”
One of the profoundest idens took this shape,
“Circumstances alter cases.” Occasionally grain
gets very high, and cattle fed and fattened on it
yield small profits, but I apprehend the general
role is that the stock which is fed best, pays best.
If Mr. Joussros’s plon of making all our stock
gainthrovgh the witter sball be adopted gener-
ally, it will occasion « very large consumption of
grain, and would doubtless sensibly affect the
departments of labor aud commerce.
I inquired of one ot our best farmers why he
did notfsell bis older sheep, and keen his lambs,
which were a better quality. Ie eaid, “I wish to
sell my lambs, for if I am compelled to pinch my
stock, the older sheep will stand it best.” Many
of our stock growers feed grain liberally to that
portion of their stock which they intend to mar-
ket within the year. So, if we do scrimp some,
it must not be the young, nor those that are soo” to
go to market. Old animals whose teeth are poor—
alas! is there no dentistry for them ?—not only
require choice fodder, roots or apples, but they
require grain boiled, steamed, or ground. With
proper attention, in this way they may be made
fit for slaughter, whereas with ordinary fare they
will decline and ultimately die.
Some shrewd people never let their animals
grow old—I do not refer to those whose horses
remain at about the same age for a dozen years or
more, and never get to be above ‘thirteen last
spring,” (following in the illustrious footsteps of
the young men and young women who stop at
twenty-two)—but I refer to people who look at
the teeth of their sheep every year, and cows and
oxen too, if necessary, and take out to fat forthe
butcher all that give evidence of advanced age.
It is policy sometimes to keep animals of rare
meritas long as they will breed, In general, keep
such as are young, or in the prime of life, Sheep
after six or seyen, and cows or oxen after ten
years of age, are growing every year of less value,
and you get less for the food they consume than
you do when they are younger. They not only
cease to improve as young animals do, but they
decline, and if kept to quite an advanced age,
become nearly or quite worthless. Some decline
sooner than others, It is very common to find
sheep who hare lost all or a part/of their teeth,
and cows that would be older if there was any
room on their horns for more wrinkles. I pre-
sume the food given to these animals, if fed to
such as are just arriving at maturity, would yield
25 per cent, greater profit, There are some cows,
many horses, and more sheep, which, if their
owners do succeed in wintering them, (of which
reasonable doubts may be entertained,) will not
be worth the inevitable cost of their winter food.
Now is the time to look the thing square in the
face, and decide to nurse your old animals with
great care or make them into pork or compost at
once. No matter if old Jack has carried you far
and served you well, if he has “ontlived his uge-
fulness,” or if he won’t be worth from forty to
fifty dollars in the spring, just hand him over to
a good marksman—it is an easy death, and nota
“naturel death,” that he has a right to require at
your hands, The French, among their brilliant
additions to modern science, have found out that
horse flesh is a table delicacy; when we have
“conquered our prejudices” and adopted their
suggestion, horses, like oxen, should be slaugh-
tered at about ten; now we may let them go a few
years longer. A very valuable cow may be kept
till she is twelve or thirteen.
T don’t know as anybody can make out better
than I can what I have been at, and so T will state
explicitly that I rather lean to Mr. Jouyston’s
side of the question started above.—u. r. p,
PLAN OF A SUBURBAN VILLA,
Messrs. Epitons:—This sketeh is the ground
and chamber plan of a Cubical Suburban Villaand
Wing of moderate pretensions, to cost—built of
bffick, ina plain, substantial manner—about $2,000,
The interior arrangement is thought to be in good
proportion, economical and conyenient; in fact, is
an attempt at something like a guide for a numer-
ous class of persons that are erecting houses par-
taking much of its character, in every village.
The plan is adapted to any building material used
in this country, and needs but little explanation.
The main building, which is 30 feet square, should
be two full stories in height, the first 12, the
second 11 feet; lighted with large double windows
throughout, One of these may be changed toa
bay-window, S feet wide, with square openings,
and placed opposite the drawing-room mantle-
piece, if preferred—thus adding very prettily to
the variety and size of that apartment, The
cornice and veranda mey be finished to suit the
taste of the occupant, provided they are made bold
in ontline, and (especially im elevated sites,) of a
character that gives agreeable outside effect ata
distant view.
|
w
24X12
FIST FLOOR,
#, Drawing-Room. J, Living-Room. PD,
TT, Hall.
Dining-Room.
A, Cellar Stairs,
V. Veranda.
If more rooms are wanted, the wood-room can
be easily converted into a kitchen and hed-room,
adding a lean-to in the rear for wood, as shown by
the dotted lines. The present dining-room could
then be occupied as bed-room or library. This
latter arrangement will comprise six good sleep-
ing rooms, a large number of commodious npart-
ments for miscellaneous uses, o cellar 24 by 24
feet under the wing, and a liberal supply or
closets; a most indispensable item in household
economy.
K, Kitchen.
G. @, Colsete.
P. Pantry. B. Sink.
W. Wood-House.
SECOND FLOOR.
ZB, Bed-Rooms, C, Closets,
It perhaps may be proper to add, that in such &
structure will be found quite the usual amount of
available social accommodation, as much a8 ¢oD-
sistent,— without saorificing something of its
every-day utility, or home character. + t+
Grand Rapids, Mich,, 1859,
—_———_-e+—___—_—_
How Cory Snerxs.—Perhaps our readers may be
better able to judge of the profit of marketing corn in
the ear now, or of holding it uotil spring, afer reading
the following from the Pratrte Farmer o—“ Mr, Wauk-
Champaign county, told us he welghed out seventy-
FE ound toons ia the car; dried it thoronghly ;
shelled it, and welghed the corn end cobs, ‘The corn
welghed finy-one pounds, the cobs ninc pounds—tota),
sixty pounds, haylog lost Siftcen pounds! We thinks
{t did not shrink more than most of the coro will that
ie wintered over.”
SOILING AND STEAMING.
Ens, Rurav New-Yorxen:—In your report of
the diseussions at the State Fair, upon Soiling, I
am represented ag ssying theta man can take
care of fifty cows, that I had kept that number,
&c, I do not qnote the exact words, as I have
not the paper before me. Nov, as the subject of
soiling is one of recent discussion, and an impor-
tant one to the farmer, I do not wish to be the
means of disseminating loose data. Those who
were present at that discugsion, will remember
that the question was put to Qmixcy, ‘How
many coWS can one man care of ?? To
which Mr, Quincy replied, “That is like asking
‘how big iso piece of chalk? That will depend
entirely upon circumstances.”
In reference to this question I said that, like
Mr. Q., I had not kept that number of animals,
but from my experience in keeping aless number,
T had no doubt that a competent man, with proper
conveniences, could easily take care of fifly cows,
and milk a small number morning and evening.
Some of my neighbors have been curious to know
where I kept those fiffy cows! This will explain
the phenomenon of their invisibility.
I regard the subject of soiling, on farms clear
of stumps, or even in condition to be mown, Of
the very highest importance, If he deserved wi
of his country “who made two blades of grass to
grow where one grew before,” will be not be
equally deserving who shall demonstrate, praeti-
cally, that two animals can be kept where one
was kept before? I'came to the country in gearch
of pure tir and health. Turning my attention to
Agriculture, much of it sppeared to Mo an unex-
plored region—exact knowledge in it very circum:
scribed. That this ancient and most useful oceu-
pation to mankind admitted of farther progress,
appeared quite evident. And among sundry forays
intd the unknown region of experiment which I
Sitempted, was soiling.®T turned to all the stand-
ard agricultural works. Very little attention had
been given toit. Sreruens, in bis “Book of the
Farm,” fsays of it:—“On a small scale, whero
only @ few{animals of every kind are Kept, I con-
ceive that soiling might be practiced with advan-
tage, and it behooves all small farmers to make
their grass land go as far a8 possible.” But ona
large scale he} pronounces it “impracticable.”
The philosophy of this appeared to me out of
joint. Whatever is profitable on a small scale, is
certainly more profitable on a large scale. This
rule may be said to be almost universal, Thus I
drew a very different conclusion from his facts,
Ij.commenced by keeping my work horses in the
stable through the summer, as in winter. This
was profitable.f Then the next season I fed my
cows as well as horses. This was quite as profit-
able. The cows were in better condition, gaye
morefmilk, and the expense Of keeping, as near
as I could estimate it, not more than one-fourth
of pasturing. For the last three years I have
soiled all my animals, numbering, generally, nine
horses, old and young, and six cows and heifers.
They have all been quite as healthy under the
soiling as the pasturing system, and their con-
dition las improved.
Now, as to the expense of keeping. One half-
acre, in good condition, in cloyer, millet (where
the land js favorable for it,) or corn (sown,) will
keep o cow from the 20th of May to the 20th of
November. Of course neither of these should be
fed exclusively, but each at different times. Begin
with the clover. Feed this till otber grasses
mature, then feed them till after haying. Then
feed millet, oats, rye or corn, according to adap-
tation of the crop to the soil. Then for winter,
roots with cut feed, bay, straw or cornstalks,
steamed, if you wish to feed with the greatest
economy,
The Jabor incident to this system has been the
stumbling block. This is more fanciful than real,
When the pasture is not very convenient, the
Isbor is not greater, in coiling six to ten cows,
than that incident to pasturing. I have been
preparing fixtarés to keep from fifty to sity cows,
and when all things are ready, I shall be willing
to enter into an agreement with the tenant, to pay
for all the labor in feeding the animals, for the
extra product, over cows kept in the ordinary
way. The extra value of the manure, when prop-
erly cared for, will pay for the labor. The saving
in fences will more than pay for the labor; and
the extra production will pay for ihe labor, four
times over. And I have no doubt that, under
favorable circumstances, every farmer who intelli-
gently adopts this system will double the income
of his farm, which ig much better than to double
his number of acres,
Asa general rule, the grazing farmers of this
State anda die fourth Yo one-third of the farm
in grain and meadow, and the balance of two-
thirds to three-fourths is devoted to keeping his
snimals through the summer. It is quite evident Z
FO So > Oe
‘is system of pasturi
is undeniable that it
more to keep an an
weather; and yet they t
to summ ir animals to |
As to all the op
of them is not within
In your paper of the 19th ult., I find an article
on the Valueof Straw for Fodder,” in which you
for to some remarks I made upon this subject
at the State Fair discussion. I am glad that the
papers haye begun to call attention to this subject,
and mention it bere as it naturally belongs to
soiling. Millions of dollars are wasted every
year for want of a proper knowledge of the yalue
of straw. It is hardly extravagant to say, that
one-half of all the horses, cattle and sheep kept
in the State of New York might be wintered upon
the straw raised, with proper cutting and steam-
ing. There were in this State at the last census,
1859,) 1,877,629 cattle, 447,014 horses, 8,453,241
sheep. Now, if the straw would winter this num-
ber of animals, it would keep half of them through
the year. We will suppose that the keeping of
each one of the cattle would represent $15, each
horse $20, and each sheep $2. This would give a
total gain from straw, per year, in this State, of
$11,002,825. And we will suppose that from
straw as now used, one-fifth of that sum is realized.
This would leave a balance, in favor of cutting
and steaming, of $8,502,280. In this estimate I
make the straw take the place of hay merely.
Working animals musthave grain. Are not these
figures worth looking at? I haye found, that by
selling all the hay which it would take to winter
my stock, and taking one-fourth of the avails and
purchasing meal to dust upon the straw before
steaming, that my stock were better wintered
thon if fed upon the hay, and I had thus turned
my straw ‘into three-fourths of the ayails of my
hay. And the manure from the straw is worth
more for immediate use than if the straw had
been thrown into the yard for litter.
It would take about thirty tuns of hay to winter
my stock this year. Three-fourths of this is
twenty-two and one-half tuns; this is worth in
the barn $18 per tun, or $405. I will suppose
that the extra labor of cutting and steaming costs
me $50, (and with my facilities it does not exceed
that sum.) Here is a net gain of $355. This
gain is larger this year than if hay were cheap,
but the saving isin the same proportion. I have
practiced upon this method for three years; and
experimented quite extensively to determine
jon some formula which would show the rela-
“te value of straw tohay. I first used two quarts
if Indian meal per bushel of straw, and fed cattle
upon this and hay, side by side. The straw and
meal fattened the animals, while the hay did not.
Farther experiment satisfied me that a bushel of
straw, with from one to one and a half pints of
Tndian meal dusted upon it and well steamed, was
equal to the best Timothy hay. This may appear
extravagant, but let not a matter of this import-
ance be condemned without atrial. It will stand
the test. Butin the allowance of one quarter of
the yalue of the hay which it would take to winter
Ieeetcck, for purchasing meal or bran to be used
With the straw, much more than 114 pints may be
used. One thing is evident; straw is worth
saying and using with more care and economy.
And it is with a view of exciling the attention of
farmers to their own interests in this regard, that
I write this article. I trust that it may fall into
the hands of some who are not afraid to step out
of the beaten track of their fathers, Farmers are
behind, in intelligent calculations of means to
ends, almost every other class of industry. But
from the improvements made in the last twenty
years we have reason to hope that a better future
is before us. E. W, Srewarr.
Glon Erle, near North Evans, Erie Co., N. ¥.
_——
: LESSONS OF THE SEASON. —
‘Tue experience of each succeeding year fur-
nishes many lessons by which the observing
_ farmer may profit. The end of the seasgn, and of
the year, is an appropriate time to review the
See ge prrations of the past, with a
view of profitin, yy their teachings,
___ A prominent lesson of this kind, and one that
brings itself home to the attention of farmers at
this time, more particularly, is the damage on
corn and potatoes in consequence of not having
_ been harvested in season. But few potatoes were
dug io this vicinity before the cold, freezing
weather in the latter part of October. The conse-
“quence was that many were frozen in the ground;
sot t probably while there was not a Single
piece that escaped without losing more than
enough, ata low price per bushel, to haye paid for
| diggin in many fields, such es Mercers, and
: other kinds that lie near the top of the ground,
By ove ‘om a quarter to half frozen, Besides, the
i} cold bad weather, and the presence of so many
} frozen potatoes, made digging, sorting and taking
eare of the crop a much more laborious, difficult
and disagreeable operation than it would haye
been if attended to early in the
So too in relation to corn, O
November nearly all the corn in this section was
till in the field, Ata time when farmers should
‘ing e vest, a large portion
T husking—while
\
“S0n why farmers let their work run
fF ‘tein the fall is, that some seasons, say
ur or five years, we have a warm, dry
Py, Stops can be gathered with little
But such seasons are the
| to follow the practice of, A sm
|| satisfies hnnger—much less than we think for. If
MOORE'S
that farmers, as a general thing, do not
ficient force to do the work on their
farms to good advan The remark is often
heard, that thisor that erop has not been attended
to as it ought to haye been for want of time; or,
that this or that job had been neglected for want
of help; when probably the cost of sufficient help
to attend to the crop, or to do the job, would have
been less than half the loss or damage caused by
their neglect.
Another way in which farmers often miss it, is
in undertaking jobs of work that might be done
much better and cheaper by mechanics. This was
forcibly illustrated a few years ago in the case of
a farmer with whom the writer was well acquaint-
ed, This farmer was asked how his corn crop
came in; he answered that it was poor, not over
two-thirds ofa crop—that he had not done any
thing in his corn after he planted it, so the weeds
and grass had got the start of the crop. He said
that when he ought to have been to work in his
corn, he raised up and new silled his barn, and
put on new siding—that he and his hired manhad
done it alone, without employing a carpenter a
single dsy—bnt that it took him longer than he
expected; so that, instead of having any time to
work in his corn, it was late before he could begin
haying. Now, as this may be considered as a rep-
resentative case, it may be well to look a littleinto
the economy of the operation. First, an average
crop of corn may be put down at $25 an acre, one-
third of which would be over $8. Second, the
cost of a carpenter to do the job could not have
been more and probably would haye been less
than $25—which, with $10 for labor to make up
for the time spent by the owner in assisting the
carpenter, would make $35—so that the actual
loss by this operation, which was intended to be
saving, was nearly $50. It should have been
stated that there was ten acres of corn and that
the estimated loss on the whole was over $80,
There are many other ways in which farmers
lose more or less by not hiring suflicient help,
which we have not room for in this article, some
of which may be brought to mind by reading
these crude remarks. Perhaps some other lessons
of the season may be considered in another
paper. Pr.
Orleans Co,, N. Y,, 1859,
+e+
CROPS, &c., IN FOND DU LAC, WISCONSIN.
Eps, Rurat New-Yorker:—I thought a few
lines might not come amiss to my fellow Youna
Ronauists, relating to our crops, prospects, and
experiments this year in Fond du Lac, This por-
tion of thé “county was settled by New York
people (principally from Dutchess Co.,) about the
year 1846, but as the greater portion were quite
poor, financially, our progress was pretty slow
until within the last five or six years; but they
are now getting somewhat forehanded. Our soil
js of the first quality of wheat land; heavy lime-
stone clay, But, as Honace Grexvey says, they
don't think that they own to the centre of the
earth, and consequently many only plow to the
small depth of three or four inches, and are anxious
to obtain a broader breadth of land, which is
but poor policy in my way of thinking. Face of
RI
demands so long as food remains init. So, if we
wish to save fodder, we should feed often, spar-
ingly. Especially should coarse fodder be given
uently, and little at a time, when all will be
re give liberally, it is picked
oming satisfied by the time
, it is refused and wasted,
‘We saw an evidence of this in the practice of a
poor widow whom necessity compelled to the
closesteconomy. She wintered for several winters
two cows on the smallest possible allowance of
hay, and they uniformly came out in fair condition.
She fed them regularly o little, some half dozen
times daily, and none was wasted, A few miles
from her lived a farmer keeping a fine stock of
young cattle whose practice was a by-word and
reproach in the neighborhood. We often heard it
said that Old M. took a whole fodderiog of hay for
twenty steers under his arm at once. However
this may be, we became intimately acquainted
with his practice and its results, and found his
stock as well or better cared for than his neigh-
bors, but in a yery different manner —none was
wasted—not any—and we doubt not his saying
each winter amply paid him for the extra care he |
took in foddering. His cattle were certainly in |
better condition than those whose yards were
littered with the refused remnants of frequent
feeding.
This rule is good not only in saving fodder but
also in producing rapid growth. Peter Ruopa,
of Hornby, N. Y., produced two 400-pound net
hogs, killed when about ten months old, four suc-
cessive years. They were fed five or six times
daily. He also found the same success in growing
calyes—producing them fully equaling those that
had run with the cow.
We suggest making a virtue of necessity at the
present time, by using extra economy and pru-
dence in feeding this winter. Nor A. Tunns.
Monterey, N. Y., 1859,
———__+.
ENDURANCE OF DROUTH BY SANDY SOILS.
Eps. Ruray New-Yorker:—Will you, or somo of
‘NEW-YOREER.
Agricultural Milisce llany. 7
To Conrrsronpents.—As this Volume of the Ropar
1g neur its close, we are constrained to offer an expres-
sion of thanks to the hundreds ersons Who havo
fayored us with articles during the past year Our
Manks are due and tendered to a?! who baye in any
manner contributed to the value ond interest of these
pages. We hope to centinue the acquaintance of many
who have imparted freely the results of their observa-
Mion and experience for the benefit of the large number
Who seek the pages of the Rurat for advice and infor-
mation, With such aid as we haye had from contribu-
tors and correspondents, the yolume will comprise a
vast amount of practical and scientific information on a
great variety of subjects. But, muchas we have given,
We have recelyed far more than we could publish,—
and now find scores of excellent articles, necessarily
deferred from time to time, or awaiting insertion at the
Proper season, while others must be omitted altogether,
Many of these were received Just too late for publication
at the proper time, others were deferred for want of
pace, while nota few were inadmissible because the
subject had been discussed before thelrreception, Our
aim has been to give the most timely and useful articles
m week to week, yet as most of the matter of each
ber is put in type from a week to ten days in
vance of date, woere frequently received capital
iriicles a few days ate—while, in many instances,
we have been favored with ecyeral articles, of similar
import, on the same subject, and of course the publica-
tion of all would be superfluous, On looking over the
hosts of communications, on all sorts of subjects, still on
hand, we can only regret that the Ruzatis so small,
and that many of them can never be published.
Among them we flad some inquiries «till unanswered ;
though we have endeavored to keep “up to time” in
this important department, it has been impossible,
This explanation is due correspondents,—and we ara
sure that, if those whose articles have not sppeared, or
whose inquiries yet await attention, could only know
how faitbfally we have Iabored, they would acquit us
most cheerfally, As to anonymous articles and
inquirles, we do not consider ourselves under any
obligation to give them the least attention; hence they
are not reckoned in this account,
— During the year we bave probably written hun-
dreds of lottors in answer to inquiries, yet could not
your correspondents, give the reason why a gravel and
sandy soil will bear drouth better than olay or other
stiff soll, and oblige—A Runa Svussoninen, Seneca,
WN, ¥,, 1859.
Our correspondent takes for granted that a
sandy soil will beardrouth better than a stiffsoil,
In this, we haye no doubt, he is correct, in the
main, though many would be found to demur, and
somethink it would not be difficult to find authority
in the books against this position. Wecannotgive
the reason for which our correspondent asks in a
few brief lines, but will endeayor to be as plain
and brief as possible.
A sandy soil will hold only about half as much
water a3 a clay soil. If one hundred pounds of
clay loam be dried thoroughly, aud water is poured
upon it, it will absorb from fifty to sixty pounds,
according to the proportion ef clay, before it begins
to drop. One hundred pounds of sandy soil, dried
in the same manner, willoply absorb from twenty-
five to thirty pounds, This shows yery plainly
that during rains much more water is held bya
clay than sandy soil, subject to the demands of
growing crops. From this fact it is very natural
our country, rolling —not hilly or mountainous,
but gently undulating. Wet seasons do not im-
pede our farm work as much the low, wet
prairies. Plenty of limestone for building purpo-
ses, &c,, and occasionally a hard-head, a regular
‘down easter” in form and color, but fay ahead
in weight according to size. Our timber is oak,
white, black, red, pin, burr. The county is
divided into three classes of land—timber, prairie,
and openings. We belong to the latter species.
We have no huge rocks, soft water, speckled trout,
chestnuts, black walnuts, huckleberries, black-
snakes, rattlesnakes, and other such trifles of sald
to argue that, in adry time, vegetation would suf-
fer most in sandy ground, It is this power of
holding water that makes clay colder than sandy
soils, as a greater quantity of heat is expended in
changing the water into vapor.
Soils absorb moisture from the atmosphere, and
it has been found by experiment that a heavy soil
absorbs much more than a light one, other things
being equal. The moisture in the atmosphere is
condensed by any cold substance, asa pitchercon-
taining cold water, or by the surface of the ground,
or growing plants, in the form of dew. The cold,
value to contend with. We are generally pretty
sure of a good crop of spring wheat—(failed last
year on account of rust)— average this season
about twenty-one bushels per acre; some as high
as forty and fifty. The farmer’s prospects are
brightening considerably, as we obtain fair prices
for our surplus grain, which is no small amount,
We tried the experiment, to our satisfaction, this
season of brining, liming, and vitrioling our seed
wheat before sowing. We brined it to get out the
oats and light grains of wheat and smut, and limed
it to dry it, in order to sow and to promote its
growth, and vitrioled it to kill the vitality of the
smut that would stick to the sound grains. The
result was, not a particle of smut among that
which was brined, &c,, but lacking a couple of
bushels of seed, left a land through the middle of
the lot, took the seed outof the same bin, unlimed,
&c,, and sowed it, Result, one-third smut, and it
proved nearly the same with our neighbors who
neglected or failed to prepare their seed in the
above way. Weare busy hauling muck from the
marsh, as an experiment on grassland. Gave it
au imperfect trial last spring, but withal proved
highly beneficial to our stiff, heavy clay lands.
Fond du Lao, Wis, 1859. Osoan Beney,
——__+e
SAVING FODDER.
MINTS FOR A SEASON OF SCARCITY.
Tnneguian and excessive feeding of avimals is
not as good, and will not result as favorably as
feeding a less amount so frequently that the ani-
mal never gets very hungry. We believe an
animal fed more at one time than it should or will
readily eat, wastes not only what it leaves, but
frequently by over-eating, Wowever careless and
slothfal we may be in seasons of plenty, such win-
ters as this should call for cure and economy.
The philosophy we wish to inculcate in regard
to fodder-saving i8 this:—That frequent feeding
will save, to a considerable extent, the quantity
generally given, We have seen this demon-
strated, but usually by parties who knew little
of the secret of their own success, and cared less
for imparting it, and they are such as we are slow
mount of food
welye crackers in the morning,
t noon — while, by eating a
will be comfortably free
f appetite, if not laboring, for
omach is not emphatic in its
clay soil, will therefore condense much more than
a warm sandy soil. This would also seem toimply
that heavy soils are the most favorablein a drouth.
And yet facts do not appear to justify such conclu-
sions. We have closely watched the effects of ex-
cessive drouth and its opposite on different soils,
the past four seasons. The summer of 1854 and
’56 were extremely dry, so that crops suffered in
most localities. Nowhere did we see such fine
crops, especially of corn and potatoes, during
these dry seasons, as on the light lands, and so
little apparent injury from drouth. Heavy soils
we found, in many cases in 1856, to be dry as
powder ten or twelve inches below the surface,
while on the sandy soil the ground would be
quite moist three or four inches down. On heavy
soils the injury from drouth was far more serious.
The farmers on the light lands in this section say,
give us good, hot, dry summers.
Now, let us look at the philosophy of this a
little, Heavy soils have great power of absorbing
and retaining water, yet they are adhesive and
impenetrable, and a great portion of the water
falling upon them runs off the surface, by surface
drains, into creeks and rivers, while in the sandy
soil it passess rapidly through to the subsoil,
where it is held, if the under soil is atall retentive
inits nature. A heavy soil, under ordinary cul-
ture, is never finely pulverized a sufficient depth,
so that in a dry time it is almost impossible for
the moisture to be drawn from below by capillary
attraction, while in the light lands everything is
favorable to the process. The light soil is also
more open to the effects of the atmosphere which
can permeate through it, leaving 4 portion of its
moisture, as it would of course do, in coming in
contact with the colder earth, Although more
dew is condensed on the surface of clay soils, we
think the effect is not as beneficial as the less
quantity on the lighter, as from its impervious-
ness the moisture may remain on the surface to be
dissipated by the first rays of the morning sun,
———— 0g
Tne Youna Lapres who know the Ruran appreciate
it, and usually when they become wives, or moyo into
@ new country, continue its acquaintance and also
introduce itto others, Miss MH. B., of Shelby Co,, Ti),
‘Writes us:—*As there appears to be nono of your papers
taken here, I think Ican get up club, and a8 I like
your Rvear I wish to do all I can to get it circulated,
Please send mea few copies to distribute, for they will
recommend themselves better than I can recommend
them.” We are frequently indebted to ladies for lists
of subscribers from all parts of the country—the beat
evidence of thetr appreciation of the RURAL, .
attend to all who asked such attention—for want of
time or proper information,
SMart Fars ix Weatean New York.—In a notice
two or three weeks ogo, we spoke of the demand for
small farms, well located, in this section of the Union,
and quoted from two recent letters of inquiry. The
object of fis paragraph is to cay that—if the letters
received during the past two weeks are reliable—there
are quite a number of very excellent farms for sale In
various desirable localities of Western New York, In-
deed, we believe we could now suit the most fastidious
applicant, and have excellent material for opening an
agency for the sale of tip-top, well-located farms. But
euch {8 not our desire; and our principal object, now,
isto say to those who have wrilten us relative to the
inquiry of the gentleman whose address was not given,
that their letters will be forwarded to him during the
present week (at our expense,) and that those who wish
to communicate with the other inquirer should address
him direct, We cannot undertake to publish what had
been sent us, as that would vastly exoeed our ideas of
the limits of propriety in the way of free adveriising.
As we cannot consistently answer all, we will allude to
none particularly, Those who wish to adyertise can do
80, but we solicit nothing in that line.
—Since the above was writton we have recelyed
several adverticements of farms,
ADVERTISING IN ThE Ruka New-Yorker.—We are
in frequent receipt of letters speaking of the advantages
of advertising in the Runa, but rarely allude to or
quote from them for the reason that we haye no occa-
sion to solicit patronage in that line. A letter Just
recelyed from Messrs, Henges, Pner, & Co., of Cincin-
nati, says:—“ We meet with such prompt and gratify-
ing responses through your Journal that we are induced
to try our Farm Bells. Yours is one of the papers in
which we are sure to have a liberal return, especially
when advertisements are of a character to prove inter-
esting tothe better class of farmers,” Yes, ‘‘ the better
class of farmers” and horticulturists, as well as thou-
aands of the better class of business and professional
men in villages and cities, take and read the Runau
New-Yorken.
Corton tN IniiNors,— According to the Prairie
Farmer, Ulinois is getting to be a cotton State. The
oditor remarks ;—* McLean county grows. The Illinois
Central Railroad are doing a heavy freighting business
with it, and now old Sangamon asserts her bellef in
cotton.” A Springfleld paper (Z/e Independent) says:
(Mr, Atuen, the jailor of this county, received a cotton
seed from Washington Inst spring, which he planted,
and from tho stock grown raised four very large and
fully developed bolls of cotton! The boll presented to
us bas four very long lobes, which, when blown out,
form a circumference of about six inches. Indeed, we
neyer saw a finer boll grown of Edisto or Sea Island.
This result justifies our opinion as to the process of
acclimation, The seed came from as far north as
Washington, was planted here in the middle of May,
and yet matured before the average season of frost.
How 10 Fire rue Rvrar.—Those of our subscribers
who wish to file the RugAu ensily, and keep it for cou-
venient reference, before binding, are advised that
H. IL Pater, of Worcester, Mass., is the patentee
and manufacturer of a capital Portfolio Paper File.
Itis juat the thing for those who wish to preserve the
Runax in good shape and safely. We haye had one in
use for several months, for our office file, and find ita
great conventence. Tho manufacturer furnishes all
sizes, from octavo to the largest folio, For sale in
Rochester by AvAws & Dabney, and, we presume, by
booksellers in the principal cities and villages through-
out the country,
Aonioutonal Derantxent or THe PaTeNt-OFFICE,
—The Prairie Farmer says Cas, B. Caryent, Presi-
dent of the Maryland State Agricultural Society, bas
been appointed Chief Clerk of the Agricultural De-
partment of the Patent-Office, We know not but that
this etatement is correct, we had suppoted, however,
that the agricultural clerkship was to be abandoned
for the present. df
Conn Huextxc.—We learn from E N. Tomas, Esq.,
of Roso, N. Y,, that Mr. Argon Harps of that town,
lately husked 60}¢ bushels of corn fom the stook, and
bound and set up the stalks, in 8 hours. There are
various prices pald for busking—from 8 to 4 ots, per
bushel. —
To Waren Door-Yaup Fowzs, Milla bottle with
water and place {t bottom up through a hole in a board,
to that its nose shall be Inserted into a saucer, or any
shallow, open vessel, As the ducks exhaust the water
from tho shallow vessel, the bottle will pay out new
aupplics, So saith the Tribune,
a serarans ausploes Bes the
ting,—and that we never bad such
agement for the future. ‘This, we are, 7 ae
Prove most gratifying to the ardent frends and “ta
Porters of the Ruwan and Its objects, for they aS
naturally rejoice {n the success and Prospects of a jour.
nal whose usefulness and vitality depend, in a groat
degree, upon tho prosperity and Progress of the Rural
Population. Inthe future as in the Past, our aim will
be to appreciate and merit the large measure of confi.
dence and support accorded to this Journsl, by rendering
it“an eminently Reliable Guide on all the important
Practical, Scientific and other Subjects intimately con-
nected with the business of those whose interests it
zealously advocates.”
Js termina-
— Within the past week we have received many very
complimentary and encouraging letters from near and
distant parts of the Unton and the Canadas, Nova
Scotia and New Brunswick—from the East, the South
the West, and the North—letters assuring us that the
Ropat Is a weloome and highly prized visitor in homes
thousands of miles separated, and with People in varied
climates, living under different governments, and hold-
ing antagonistic religious and political tenets, We
might fill a page with extracts from these friendly and
most appreciative epistles, but will only quote from a
few, as Indicative of the gencral sentiments expreased.
Ix 8 recent letter, asking for specimens, bill,
&e,, a former subscriber writea—" stopped URAL
last Dec., and subscribed for the Ledger. ¥ am die-
gusted with that paper, and can’t do withoutthe Ruran
hereufier, I have resolved not only to subscribe again,
but to get as many of my neighbors to join me in taking
the Ruran as I can Induce to doa good thing,”
Uspen date of “Nashville, Tepn., Dec. 7," 5 Bentle-
man to whom we recently forwarded a quarter's nom-
bers of the Roman, writes:— Your specimen copies
came duly to hand, and to say that I am highly pleased
would but ill express my admiration of your Paper, I
will subscribe for the next yolume, and hope to have
the pleasure of ending you other names also, It is
the Lest paper, taken in every sense, I have evergeen.”
The People’s Paper.—One of our best correspon-
dents—a lady of Caynga Co., N. ¥.—says in a letter
Just recelved—“I wish you could hear the praises of
the Rurax as sung in this part of the country, Ask
people what they think of it, and the answer always is,
‘It is the best Agricultural paper published.’ And
what fs the reason? Simply this: it has something
about everything, There is nothing yon wish to know
but may be found in it; and if you havea question to
ask, you do not receive for an answer that ‘no more
correspondence or Inquiries are desired.’ It is the
People’s Paper, and long may it flourish, as now, in
this our ‘ Empire Stato,”
The Rural in the West—lo moet of the Weate:
States and Territories the Rugau has a large and
creasing circulation. Tundreda of New-Yorkers
bave settled in the West of Jate years have introdu
the paper to notice and support among their new friends
and neighbors—and in this way the Ruzax has become
known and loved by thousands of families throughout
the rich valleys and prairies of the truly great and
gtowing West As a sample of letters recently received
from some of these long-time and ardent friouds, we
copy tho following from a correspondent and influen-
tlal volantary agent in Illinols:
“ Fprenp Moone :—Twelve years ago while you was
scattering the Genesee Farmer, I became one of your
readers and @ learner from you, Since that time I haye
for ten years been the weekly recipient of your labor
and thought, Twelve years ago I was a boy—I got 40
subscribers for the Genesee Farmer one year, before L
was 20 years ofago, Eight years ago E commenced for
you. I felt to do whatI did do, and did what I felt,
and I have worked ever sioce. I have got you sub-
scribersin N. York, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois
and Iowa. I amelad. I feel that the Rupa is such
an Educator as the people, the agricultural population
of our country, needs. They need a paper to teach
them or impart taste in regard to reading; they gener-
ally read little—are tired, and should read what they
ought to think, Such reading you furnish. A farmer
said to me yesterday, ‘I guess I will take the Roman. I
have taken the Ledger a couple of years, and can tell
when I begin a piece just about what it will amount to
—ihere is such asamenees’ Their cheapness throws
thousands of copies of the ‘ Dollar Paper? and ‘ Dollar
Times’ into the EOE where they ought not to
go—families where but one paper is taken, and they
have neither jadgment or discrimination in regard to
the paper they should bave, For this reason I have
wished the Rurax could be furnished for one dollar a
year to be even with them;—but the same reasons, fol-
Jowed out, would Jesd to wishing it was published for
nothing and circulated grat’s; and, by the way, what
would it cost to send it for nothing 2”
“Rural” Progress in Canada.—We are daily receiv-
ing the most gratifying indications of large accessions to
our subsoription listin Canada, In several places the
pames already received for next volume are double
thoso now on our books, A letter just received from an
active and earnest frend of the Runax residing In a
prominent town of Canada West, reports decided pro-
gress, As the result of two days canvassing he reports
the signatures of seventy subscribers—including 17 who
never took the Ruran, and 14 who were formerly sub
scribers but felt ‘too poor” last fall to invest for 1359.
Our flend adds:
Tt is quite amusing to me, and T doubt not would be
equally gratifying aud perhaps flattering to you, to hear
the opinions, all uolform in sentiment but various Lo
form and humor, concerning the Ruxat. I say flatter-
ing, because it might well be so to hear your namo, as
[have heard it within the last week, used in connection
with the greatest in modern times among the literary
and sofentific benefactors of the world. One who was
too poor to take the Ruma for 1869, says—‘I want it
for 1860, and never mean to do without it again, for I
believe there is not «man in Canada foo poor to take
itif he or his cbildren oan read, and none so wealthy
or intelligent that they can aford to do without it,
Another says—‘Of course I will renew; one reeEe
alone in it bas been worth $50 to me,’ Avother, who
tried to economice this last year, saya—‘ Don’t forget to
put me in for the Runar for 1860, I will try to econo-
mize in some otber shqpe, and besides that I want it fo
keep peace in the fartt for they baye kept me in a
sweat ever since 1 dropped it last year,’ Another
‘would not do without it for $10." Another, ‘the best
investment I ever made,’ Another eays—' Yes, you
may always count on me as one of the Ruan club.
‘The only mystery about it that I want solved is how in
creation he (Mooke) or any other man can afford such
a paper for that price; and you may assure Mr. Moore
egret I am upable to send him $10 for it,
only reg! ‘Another
work,” we don’t think he is quite equat toHumnount, |
Prescorr, Invine, and the other y
suggest, howover, we take n very lengthy Dow] 0 In
proof of the gentleman's sincerity he noton! y anni Red
himself, but told me to put dows the nem
pereon present who ha aR ar ey
and dociined joining the club fray call on me, for
. e ott
Fn a eee den
man in the County.'” 4 a wn
Jbor anys he can’t get his neighbors
(eee eating Riumatyas thoy thlok ¢ must bo an
abolition paper because It fs published at the North ;
Dut adds that, in reading It Ove years, ho ‘has been
Ruapte to discover apy favoritism toward any party or
section of thi Untou
”
LAST WORDS FOR 1859.
One more number completes the preset volume
of the Rorat, but, horticulturally, it is finisned
with the present number, for the complete and
carefally prepared index, title page, &c., so valu-
sable to those who preserve their papers and bind
them for fatare reference and reading, will pre-
yent us from occupying any space in the closing
paper of the year. We have not, however, left
much to be said at the end of the year, preferring
to do up our work promptly, and as well as we are
able, every week. Of the manner in which this
has been done, we leaye our readers to judge,
simply claiming ao honest intention to serve our
readers, to advance the interests of horticulture,
to spread end increase knowledge and taste, the
love of the beautiful and the true. Inthisdelight-
fal work we hope ever to labor, until our country
houses shall traly become rural homes, until the
lily shall spring up where once grew the thorn and
the briar; waste hearts as well as waste places be
made glad, and the deserts blossom as the rase.—
We have endeavored to make all our teaching as
plain and practical as possible, avoiding all scien-
tific and technical terms, where not absolutely nec-
essary. We have tried to convey valuable infor-
mation in a manner that could not be misunder-
stood. We have labored to tench the learner facts
and modes of culture—important principles—es-
sential to success, and have erer avoided nice
points more curious than useful. No journal has
labored more zealously or more honestly in the
Field of Horticultural Literature the past year than
theRurat. Occasionally some of our remarks may
heve been thought severe, but we think not more
so than necessary to expose and check fraud and
deception, and save our readers from becoming
the dupes of the dishonest and designing, or the
self-deceived. Truly can we say we have set
down naught in malice, for we have no private in-
terest to serye—the good of our readers is our
only object and aim,
The past, however, is before our readers. For
the future we have only to say that we shall be
unceasing in our efforts to make this Department
of the Rurat equal, if not superior to anything in
the country os the Amateur’s Guide and the Horti-
culturist’s Assistant, With our immense circula-
tion, weekLy, we are doing a work for the Horti-
culture of the Country, unequaled by any other
journal ; and, we think, therefore, we have aclaim
upon the kind offices of all lovers of Fruits and
Flowers, and with confidence call upon all disciples
of Fron and Pomona to aid us in extending the
cirenlation and influence of a work so well calcula-
ted for good, as it is at once o HAnp-Boox for the
Farw, the Ganpey, the Orncranp, and the Kircnens
a Comrantow for the Fine-Sipr and the Parton.—
Hoping to continue the pleasant acquaintance
formed with our readers, we shall enter upon the
New Year with fresh zeal, and talk more fluently
than ever of foliage, fruits and flowers.
—— hos
PRUNING AND TRAINING THE VINE - No, I,
Mxssns. Enirons:—I am constantly receiving
so many letters making inquiries as to the differ-
ent modes of cultivating and pruning the Vine,
that satisfactory answers to each is altogether out
of the question, even should I devote all my time
to this work. If, therefore, you will, in addition
to what was published in the Runa of the 3d
instant, allow me a brief space to explain the Ohio,
or bow system, the facts presented I have no doubt
will be useful to your many thousands of readers,
and partioulary so tothat large and rapidly increas-
ing class of the community who are turning their
attention to the culture of the grape.
For training vines in the vineyards around Cin-
cinnati, a system has been in practice for many
years, with no very essential modifi-
{ = y- good judgment and most extensive
experience, thought to be judicious
\\ and partioularly suited to the
growth of Catawba vines. But a
common opinion prevails, that more
room than has generally been allow-
health of the vines, and also to the
Quality ofthevintage. Ishallrecur
to this after explaining the system,
Tt is generally known as the “Obio
German System,” or ‘bow system,”
cation, and is now, by managers of
obtained, two shoots are grown, as
.
The upright shoots are suffered to grow to the
height of the stake, and are then carried horizon-
tally to the next stake. For distinctnesss the
upright shoots are shown in engraving with only
one tie, but several are required as the vine grows
during the season,
This system appears to be faulty, chiefly in not
giving any support to the shoots that spring from
the bow, leaving them liable to damage by the
wind, and not effecting equal distribution of leaves
or fruit, both of which fall together in irregular
masses, and the fruit is often deprived of its
bloom, which impairs its beauty and flayor.
Besides picking out the laterals, as before
directed, shoots that grow from the bow must be
stopped, and the general practice is to leave but
three leaves beyond the last bunch of fruit. Ifthe
vine is very vigorous after the first stopping, it
will again shoot with great strength, and must
again be stopped, and even e third time, always at
one leaf beyond the previous stopping. No stop-
ping is generally required after the last of August.
It has been thought, and I believe justly, that
the single bow system imposes too much restraint
upon such thrifty growers as the Catawba. This
may be easily obviated by growing the vines ona
trellis, for which plan a German method is shown
by fig. 4, and it amounts to pretty nearly the same
as the double Thomery system. For the double
bow system, see representation, fig. 6. One year
more of time is required to bring the vine into full
system than by the single bow plan, but little or
no delay in fruiting, for the upright shoots will
haye a considerable crop the year before the bows
are made,
To prepare for this method, see fig. 1, Instead
of leaving one long shoot for a cane from which to
make a bow, cut both sides at two buds, as seen on
the left, and from these grow two shoots on each side,
and at pruning next season cut off each pair one to
three buds for the spur from which to grow three
upright shoots, and one to eight or ten buds to
form the bow. At F and F is shown where the
bows are to be cut away at pruning, end from
each of the three upright shoots one is to be
entirely cut away; one cut and three eyes for a
spur, and one to eight or ten buds for the bow.
Across, in the line O, and attached to the upright
stakes, may be placed a rod to which the ends of
the bearing shoots may be secured, which will be
of great advantage to the fruit and vine.
\ After one good shoot has been
Y
shown in Fig. 1. An oblique line
ucross above the eighth bud shows
where one of the two shoots is to be
pruned to furnish the “bow.” If
the vine is very strong, a bow of
greater length may be taken; if
weak, less. An oblique line near
the base of the left hand shoot
shows the cut to make the “spur”
or “ point.””
On this spur three buds are
ee Usually left after the vine has be-
* come fully established; but the
Aret\seaton, as shown in figure, it should have
only
: ed, will be very advantageous to the
Figure 6.
Fig. 4, scarcely needs explanation to one who
has become acquainted with the Thomery plan.
Two bearing shoots are taken from near the arms,
and as soon as long enough they are secured to the
wire above, and the upper shoots for the lower
system are fastened at the upper ends to the wire
that supports the arms of the upper system. This
plan is a very good one, and equal to any double
system for simplicity. At fig. 5 is shown a plan
‘ig. 2 shi the same vine after Pruning, and
the lon tanding which is to form the bow,
systems have from time to time been proposed,
but generally not by practical men. The systems
recommended have all been tested by long experi-
ence, Cuas. W. Grant.
Tone, near Peekskill, N. Y., Dee., 1859,
Rewanxs.—Our readers will receive much in-
struction as well as pleasure from studying the
different systems of pruning andtraining the vine,
but the wire trellis plan is the simplest and best
every Way,
————_—___+e+
Inquiries and Answers.
Wirnerep Peacnrs.—I have a large orchard of
peach trees, and last season, some of the fruit, on a
portion of the trees, dried up before ripe, and are now
sticking on the trees Cav you inform me the reason?
‘The soil Is a rich sandy loam.—O, C, Cooter, Manches-
ter, Adams Co., 0., 1859.
Tue trees were undoubtedly diseased, or weak-
ened from some cause, and therefore unable to
perfect the fruit. When a tree is not too badly
affected, the fruit will prematurely ripen, but in
Severe cases, the growth is stopped, and the fruit
withers and dies. Perhaps, by examining your
trees, you will be able to ascertain the cause, and,
if controllable, apply a remedy, otherwise they
may follow the fruit,
Grapes For 4 Corp Hovs&—Will some of your con-
tributors Inform me what grapes are best adapted to a
cold grapery, and also what age the vines ought to be
when transplanted in such a house ?—T, JIarnia, Kala-
masoo, Mich, Dee, 1869,
Goop strong plants one year old are the best,
and can be procured at most of the nurseries.
The following varieties are deslrable:—Wilmot’s
Black Hamburgh, Gfizzly Frontignan, Pitmaston
White Cluster, Sweetwater, Zinfindal, Royal
Mnscadine, Black Prince, Syrian, Black Ham-
burgh, Black Frontignan, White Frontignan,
Decons Superb.
A common coal stove is of great advantage in a
cold vinery in our cold and changeable climate,
and is little trouble dnd little expense. We fre-
quently findin Spring after the vines have started
their growth, that we are liable to have a sncces-
sion of cold, stormy days,sometimes lasting nearly
a week, which affects the vines, and sometimes
proves detrimental, unless some counter agent is
employed to exclude the cold and damp. The
seme also is the casein the Fall. It may not be
necessary to kindle a fire more than two or three
times during the whole season. In the autumn,
too, a little fire is of great advantage in keeping
the grapes, as in cold, damp weather they will rot
quickly after becoming ripe, unless a little heat is
given to dry them off. We do not say that s stove
is necessary, but we do say that its use is very
convenient, and profitable. By the aid of the
stove, the following varieties may be ripened in
addition to the list above: Bowood Muscat, new,
Golden Hamburg, Cannon Hall Muscat, Muscat of
Alexandria, West’s St. Peters.
a es Se
Froir Gnowers’ Society or Westerns New
Yorx.—The Annual Meeting of the Fruit Growers’
Society of Western New York will be held at the
Court House, Rochester, on Wednesday, the 4th
day of January, at 10 o’clock in the forenoon.
The officers for the coming year will be elected,
and questions of interest to the Fruit Growers of
the country discussed. A show of winter fruit
will also be made, and members are requested to
bring specimens for exbibition. These winter
meetings are both interesting and profitable, and
are well attended by the most intelligent Fruit
Growers in this section of the State.
en
Favuit Growers’ Association or Onecox. — The
last number of the Oregon Farmer gives an
account of the Second Annual Meeting of the
Oregon Fruit Growers’ Association, which was
held at Salem, October 5th and 6th. The Furmer
says the display of fruit was universally conceded
to be very fine and very extensive, though neither
the attendance or display was as large as it would
have been, but for the great rush to get off the
large crop of fall fruit.
ce
Tax Hormevurcast.—The December number
of the Horticulturist contains a card from Jxo.
Jax Souru, stating that bis connection with that
journal as its editor had ceased. The publisher, in
noticing the fact, speaks of the advance in Horti-
culture since the commencement of the Horticul-
turist, the valuable contributions itis still to receive
and t forming the spur. On the loft
is seen the spur, and three lines from z, pointing
to three buds on the spur, that are to make three
upright shoots. These upright shoots will each
bear three buaches. This is shown at Fig. 3, At
the time of the entirely cut away,
and also one o: id that generally
the weakest. The 5 is cut above the
eighth or tenth bud
which is admirable for its simplicity, but seriously
objectionable—too much perpendicular length of
each standard covered with bearing wood. Five
courses of bearing shoots spring from each side of
four sub-standards, one ofwhich is shown with its
three bunches on second wire. The objection to
this is, that the tendency of strength upward is so
great that the lower bearing shoots will, soon after
the upper ones begin to bear, cease to ripen their
from the ‘active minds of the country,” &c., bat
says not one word about a new editor, so we judge
it is not to have one. *
—S_
Kroxvx (lowa) Hoaticuntuman Society.—Such a
Society has been organized in that clly, and officers
elected to serve until the first annual meeting, to be
held the first Tharsday in February, 1860. Tho follow-
ing are the officers clected November 17th:—Pyeyident
be; and the remaining
‘ood, and consequently the lower portions of them
become naked. That objection is obviated in
n shown, fg. 4. A great variety of renewal
—A. Brora. Viee-/revident—W. W. Belknap.
Seoretars —J, L. Tewksbury. wurer—S, A. Duke.
Another meeting is to be held Sth of December
Mex!, at o'clock P.M. ~,
THE PINNEO, OR BOSTON PEAR
Qerre 4 controversy is going on in S, =
Eustern papers in regard to the Pinneo, or Boston
Fear. This pear, it appears, originated in Eastern
Connecticut about a hundred years ago, on the
farm of Deacon Pixneo, and was somewhat exten-
sively caltivated in that State. More or lessof the
fruit for many years has been sent to the Boston
market by the Connecticut growers. Iu 1847 Dr.
Rossext described it in the Aidany Cultivator, as
the Pinneo, the mame by which it is generelly
known in the section where most grown. Mr.
Hover says be first saw it in Boston about twenty
years ago, where it was being sold as the Virgalicu,
and in 1847 procured scions from Connecticut,
propagated trees, exhibited the fruit, and named
itthe Boston pear, It seems that Mr. Hover gave
no information as to its origin, although he must
have learned the facts when procuring scions, but
exhibited it at the shows of the Massachusetts
Horticultural Society as “a new native pear,” and
in 1850 received for it a premium of $6. In 1854
gratuity of $20 was awarded “to Hovey & Co., for
their new native pear,” though from a report of a
committee afterwards appointed to examine into
the justice and regularity of this award, it seems
that it was done by a minority of the committee,
and at the urgent solicitation of interested partics,
and a yote of censure was accordingly recom-
mended and passed. This vote, after remaining
on record some time, was ordered to be reseinded,
The trees of this celebrated Moston pear were
advertised and sold at $5 each, but when they
began to produce fruit it was ascertained by
growers in Connecticut to be the same as their
Pinneo, and they objected to the change of its
name. The subject was discussed at the last
meeting of the American Fomological Society, and
it was resolved that hereafter it should be known
by its original name, the Pinneo, and under that
name was recommended as promising well. This
is the highest Pomological authority in the country,
and its decisions should be respected, at least by
its own members, but this decision Mr. Hoyry
treats with contempt, and this season has, it is
stated, placed the Pinneo pear wpon the tables of
the Massachusetts Horticultural Society, labelled
with his own hand, * Boston,”’
In consequence of complaints made in several
journals, cherging the Society with complicity in
this matter of puffing an old fruit as a “new
native pear,” a committee was appointed to inves-
tigate the charge, and report to the Society. The
following is the main part of the report :
Your Committee have carefully investigated the rec-
ords of the Mass. Hort. Soclety, and are enabled to de-
clare in the most positive manner that this Society was
not in any way instrumental in introducing and endeay-
oring to palm off the fruit in question as “a new native
pear,” or in concealing its origin, or fn claiming the
credit of originating it, or in changing its name from
Pinneo to Boston; and are in no Wise responsible, and
onght not to be held up to public odium for the acts of
an individual member.
That with respect to the repeated awards of premi-
ums as alleged, this Society acted in ordance with
what were supposed to be the facts in the case, and
Sully belioved the fruit to bea new native pear én-
troduced by Mr. C. M, Hovey.
‘That £0 far from colluding with any person or per-
sons by misrepresenting the facts of the case and thus
misleading the public, this Society has held to the
course er Konor and honesty, and by the vote of its
delegation In the last Convention of the American
Pomological Bosiety (unanimous with the single excep-
tion of Mr. C. M, Hovey) provounced in favor of the
true and original name of the Pinneo, which vote your
Commiltee have every reason to believe is fully en-
dorsed by the Soclety, and approved by all the friends
of justice and fair dealing to whom the facts of the case
are known.
In view of this whole transaction—of the obloquy
which has been cast upon this Boclety for doings un-
authorized by its action and beyond its contro}, and to
guard against a repetition of a like occurrence, your
Commitiee recommend the passage of the following
votes:
Voted, That no person hes any right to name or re-
name a froit which he does not originate, unless with
the knowledge and consent of the originator or pro-
prietor, and with the knowledge, counsel, and consent
of a majorily of all the persons who cultivate it; or by
a yote of the nearest Horticultural or Pomological So-
ciety that shall haye been put in possession of all the
facta known to the person or persons wishing to have
the name so changed.
Voted, That the Slst section of the By-Laws of this
Society be so amended as to provide that any member
who shall knowingly change the name of any frait al-
ready properly introduced or known, and exhibit the
same for premium in violation of the spirit and mean-
ing of the preceding vote, shall be deemed guilty of a
gross breach Ly ook faith towards the Society and the
community, and shall be forthwith expelled from the
Society.
SAMUEL WALKER,
GEO. W. PRATT, ‘
JOSEPH 8, CABOT, } Committee,
MARSHALL P. WILDER, |
B. Y. FRENCH, J
“a
Se
c dane)
COLORING RECIPES, MOTHER'S PUDDING, &¢,
Ens. Remau New-Yonxen:—I saw in your paper
a few weeks since an inquiry to thiseffect:—' How
can woolen goods be colored drab or stone color,
so that they will not fade?” Tsend yon a recipe,
and if you see fit to publish it, I think it will
answer completely the question proposed,
Recrre.—Take half « bushel of white osk bark,
boil in an iron kettle a sufficient length of time to
extract the strength from the bark, strain and add
to the fluid two tablespoonfuls of copperis, or
sufficient quantity to set the color. Boil five
minutes. This will color woolen or cotton goods,
To Coton Cnitpnex’s Fuanyex on Siixs Pur-
pie.—Take one ounce of cudbear to a pound of
flannel. Boil the cudbear in rain w: ina brass
kettle, five minutes. Wet the flannel in soap suds
and put it in the dye. Keep stirring until it bas
boiled five minutes—hang it in the shade to dry.
Freezing will not hurt it,
Morsen’s Pupping.—Five eggs; 1 quart sweet
milk; 3 teacupfuls of four and a little salt; beat
the whites of the eggs to a stiff froth; beat the
yolks in flour after, adding a teacupful of miles to
the batter add a quart of milk; and, lastly, add
the whites. Beat well, and bake thirty minutes,
Trim to suit the taste,
Etperverny Wie. — To one quart of the juice
put three pounds of sugar, and add water sufficient
to make a gallon. After fermenting with a little
yeast, and it has become clear, bottle it.
Farmer, Sen, Co, Y., 1889,
Macor.
Cune ror Crmpiaixs —I saw in one of your
papers some time since, a request froma Michigan
correspondent, as to what was good for chilblains.
Having waited some time to hear those who had
anything to offer, # lady correspondent has rec-
ommended suet skins as excellent, Now, as I
have been troubled all my life with chilblains, and
have tried suet skinsand every other preseription
I could hear of for fifty years, without being ben-
fited, I will give, for the benefit of all whom it
may concern, my remedy, which is this:—Good
camphor, say 2 oz. of gum to one pint of Boodle
alcohol; keep the feet clean by washing in hot
water, the hotter the better; then moisten the
feet well with the camphor, by puttingitinto the |
hand and rubbing it well over the affected parts,
and dry it in by a warm fire. >
While my hand is in I will give you another
recipe equally as good as the other: 1 pt. alco-
hob; 2ox. aqna ammonia; 2 oz. spirits turpentine;
all put into a bottle together. Apply the same as
the other. Thisis only the third winter since L
have been able to wear boots the size of my feet,
on accOunt of chilblains, Now I am cnred.—
Moses Hantwetr, Fatesville, Yates Co, N. ¥.
Smrpre Cone ron Crovp.— We find in the Jour-
nal of Health, the following simple remedy for
this dangerous disease. Those who have passed
nights of agony at the bedside of loved children,
will treasure it up as a valuable piece of informa-
tion :—If a child is taken with croup, apply cold
water—ice-water if possible—suddenly and freely
to the neck and chest with a sponge. The breath-
ing will instantly be relieved. Soon os possible
let the sufferer drink as much as it can, then wipe
it dry, cover it up warm, and soon quiet slumber
will relieve the parent's anxiety, and lead the heart
in thankfulness to the Power which has given to
the pure gushing fountain such medical qualities.
Axswer to “Mouty.”—If Thad Monty's dress
to deal with, I should boil « half pint of flax seed
in a quart of water, dissolve a little glue, and
strain both into some strong suds, made of bar
soap and cold rain water, then immerse the sill
and handle it briskly a few minutes so as to 1
a good Jather from the soap, and hang up wit
wringing. Whentwo-thirdsdry iron on the wre
side, passing the iron quickly and but once over
The report was rejected after a warm discussion,
by the casting vote of the President. The Secre-
tary, as usual, had entered the Report upon his
record, asa part of the proceedings of the meeting,
with the vote upon it; but its rejection, it seems,
did not satisfy those who were disposed to smother
the truth, and it was yoted that “this report not
haying been accepted, and it being the opinion of
the Society that no report should be recorded
until accepted, the record of this report is hereby
cancelled.” This looks wonderfully like small
business, and while we have no personal interest
or feeling in the matter, we love upright, fair
dealing and despise everything like deception,
whether in societies or individuals,
.
A DESTRUCTIVE GRUB.
Eps. Rorat New-Yorsen:—In the Rurat, some
time since, I noticed a description of the Apple
Tree Borer, which is decidedly a hard enemy to
contend with. Your description, I think, varies
from the grub which infests the trees here, both
fruit and forest trees. The grub most injurious
here is about three-quarters of an inch long, slen-
der, flat body, jointed, with a large, flat head,
which it seems to work from side to side, when
ascending. You will readily perceive their work,
as the bark turns dark and dents to the wood. I
have traced them with a sharp knife from twelve
to cighteen inches before finding the grub. In
the maple trees, transplanted from the forest, 1
have found them, in my Mountaia Ash and Horse
Chestnut. % ms
Why isit that trees brought from the Roches-
ter nurseries so much more infested with the
borer than | of our own raising? I hare
scarcely had @ tree from Rochester escape them,
while my seedlings are rarely attacked. My or-
chard soil is a sandy loam, under a’ ood state
of cultivation.—Svnsceipen, Keni Mich.,
Dee., 1859. 3
any part of the silk,—Mns. Niox, Morgan ., 0. |
Ixquirres.—Will M. F. W. tell us how much
water to use to whiten 100 pounds lard? Also,
whether the lard is to be boiled after it is rendered,
or is the water to be put into the lard and boiled
away during the process of rendering? How
much potash will it require to make the dye the
proper strength? Will some of the Rorat’s cor-
respondents give a recipe for making vinegar from
any other source, save from cider ?— Joux, Nor~
wich, Conn., Nov., 1859.
+
Maxixe Savsaces.—As the time bas arrived fo:
making sausages, 1 would like to have the follow-
ing recipe inserted in the Rurat. It is onewe, in
this neighborhood, have tried for several years :— ,
Forty pounds of meat; one pound of salt; three -
oz. pepper; half pint of sage, pulverized, Some
add a little summer savory.—A. Wittsox, Afar.
cellue, Onon« Coy Ni ¥iy 1859. ~ Be
Porato BauAn.— Boil and peel a do
potatoes, rub them through a sieve, n
thoroughly with twice the quantity
meal, add sufficient water to mak
the ordinary consistence, ferment in #
way with hop or potato yeast, and bake in
hot oven.
»
Crrsrariizina Grasses re Coom—
Having observed the process of crystallizing P
grasses in the columns of the Rvnar, I wish to
inquire the best process of crystallizing them Ff
vations colors.—J, C. F., Westeille, Conn., Dec,
1859. — >
Covonisa Ffutaxe. Rep.—Desiring a recipe for
coloring flannel re, and cotton green, I apply to
your valuable paper for the information.—Jenie,
Walls} Vt., 1859. f
———
| “p/ALWAYS' COVERED MOTHER.”
o [ter following incident has been made the theme of
the bedutifal song, which is subjoined, from the pen of
the poet Wens:—A young lady had taken the sole
care of ber mother during a long and painful ill-
ness. After ber mother’s death, she performed the
last duties previous to interment with mechanical
precision, and without shedding a tear, Her first
words were spoken at the grave, when tho sexton had
ralsed hisspade to throw earth upon the coffin. “Nay,”
orled Karte, arresting his arm and showering a lapfal
of flowers into the graye, ‘I always covered mother
‘up, and she used to say I did itsogently.” Thero wero
few on the ground but wept:]
I mave always covered mother -
‘Sinoe the pain came to her brow,
‘And she said I did it gently—
None else shall do it now.
T have always smoothed her pillow,
And drawn the curtain fold;
And Vii not forget thee now, mother,
‘When thy limbs are all so cold.
"Neath tho willows, deep and narrow,
‘Thoy have made thy bed I know,
But they shall not soil thy robes, mother,
» With the damp earth-monld below.
See, I’ve plucked some wild flowers, mother,
1] And Vi strew them on thy breast;
" But the buds shall fall so gently
i ‘That they may not break thy rest.
\ Id bring the brighter Nowers, mother,
But the roses fled with June,
1 And the daises and anemones
Went with the sweet May moon.
But the buds fell from the stem, mother,
‘To be caught by hands on high—
Now they blossom in God's garden—
Pale lilies of the sky,
And ’tis thus with souls like thine, motlior,
For they pass from life to love;
(| And they leave this dark earth-garden
For the golden walks above,
‘Oh, the sweet star-lilies blossom
‘Where no hand may pluck them down,
Or I'd woave, to. grace thy brow, mother,
A purer, fairer crown.
But the angel’s wings are free, mother,
i And yon can wander there,
Where the flowers are blooming ever
With o fragrance like to prayer.
Now the counterpane is spread, mother,
You'll wake to morning light—
God's hand has drawn the curtain,
So, mother, sweet, good night!
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
THE COTTAGE AND THE MANSION.
Op Cottages and Mansions we all hay® often
heard, and possess some knowledge of the splen-
dor and regal magnificence of the one, and the
homelike beauty of the other. Though peace and
contentment may dwell in the Mansion as well as
the Cottage, yet this is the exception and not the
rule. Follow me,reader. In the city of B. stands
stately mansion,—wealth and magnificence reign
around, and the heart of its proud owner is as cold
and formal as the marble columns that adorn its
freestone front, So icy is the atmosphere that
Peryades the mansion grounds, that it freezes the
flowers until they dare not lift their rosy cups to
receive the rays eyen of the noonday sun, and
they hide their perfume in their heart’s scoret urn
until the mansion occupants have passed by, and
then give it to the wooing breezes or the beggar-
child who pauses by the garden paling, And if,
perchance, a woodland songster strays so far from
home as to enter the rich man’s garden to purloin
a tempting cherry, he hushes his warblings as he
nears the proud mansion, for instinct teaches bim
that happiness reigns not where all so studied and
iy is; and the loye-music that gushes from
at might not accord with the selfish hearts
around, And the song-bird in the mansion sor-
Tows in his gilded cage, and pines for freedom and
ahumblerhome. Thus as even the glad things of
Nature feel the chilling influence of wealth and
selfishness ; So the inmates of the mansion, wrap-
Bae this world’s pleasures, pursuing the laby-
ai hine path to earthly honor and glory, feel not
‘Beonearesy peace and happiness of the soul that
's that ‘in his Father’s house are many man-
sions,” glory and splendor, excelling all Earth’s
crumbling palaces.
But listen —there’s music—let us advance, Ah!
wehayeitnow. There's a grand festival given to
introduce the heiress ‘Soste one” to “Mr, Sowe-
Bopy”’ just arrived from “Somewhere,” Youth,
folly and fashion meet to “chase the glowing
hours with flying feet,” and in this giddy whirl
they circle to the grave. The children of the man-
Sion read of the beautiful country, of trees and
_ Sunshine, and wonder if it can b beautiful
_ than the Park. ‘The rich miser, the mansion’s
‘own gained his wealth by fraud, deceit and
y crushing to the earth his brother, and
where others have sowed and toiled. —
ion table is his “Creed, his Pater
alogue,”” and he shee 4
ney begs.” His heart is shriveled
id the mendicant eyes with scorn
he nabob who, but yesterday was
' id, robed not in ermine as now, call-
ak oe his home but clad in rags, and
emereePy) ‘ot 4 mansion but a cottage, Yet,
A when life's jenn flickers and dies, he ca nats
‘ 1 4 “World with pageantry and sho
Jom f those professing to be
} fi unloved, he will die unwept—
the Mansion and its unhappy
‘More congenial fireside.
le OTTA\
a amt
ar
=
eee ee
MOORE
freedom carol their matin:-and
woodbine boughs that clamber o'er the cottage
oof. The mowers are im the hay-field yonder,
securing summer's wi to store for winter's
use. The cheerful cow- made mellow by the
distance, awakens the music of contentment in the
heart, as it ‘tolls the steps of the tripping hours,
and sounds the notes of rural bliss.” But happy
yoices within, and the busy hum of the spinning-
wheel tempt us to enter, for surely happiness with
lore must mingle where industry smiles o'er all.—
Wo are unseen yisitants and do not interrupt the
various occupations of those within, nor the cheer-
ful song they are singing. "Tis pleasant to be
poor, for they know that though epee a
Cottage here, they will be received wil uch
splendor in heaven, if there they haye stored their
treasures, as though they came from a mansion on
earth, The children here have ample room to
frolic and sport, and are up in the morning to see
the sunrise, not from, behind brick walls and
clouds of dust, but in the crimsoned eastern sky.
With sucha picture drawn, with such acontrast,
who would exchange his Cottage, his contentment
and pleasure, for a mansion, with luxury and dis-
content! For though the elegant abodes in which
our country abounds, may add some of the fairest
ornaments and sweetest attractions to our charm-
ing landscapes, still these external attractions dif-
fer materially from moral loveliness and internal
beauty; for there are a thousand unpretending
joys in the cottage, where Jesus presides, far ex-
celling those of the royal edifice where the Savion
is not; and it matters not how rural the cot, or
how sequestered its site if there be happiness,
holiness and peace within its walls. Then give
mea home ina snug little cottage where though
other sheaves bow not to mine, I may, more blest
than kings, bask ever in a Savior's smile; and,
when this earthly tabernacle I forsake, who will
ask whether in a lonely cottage or a splendid man-
sion I was reared; or whether in some Thessalian
vale I dwelt, ’mid beauties peerless to the eye, or
in some green and sunny spot, where Nature's
works arose in majestic grandeur and striking
sublimity. J. MS.
Portland, Mich., 1959.
————
WOMEN AND LITERATURE.
Tox literature of three centuries ago is not
decent to ‘be read; we expurgate it. Within a
hundred years woman has become a reader, and
for that reason, as much or more than anything
else, literature has sprung to a higher level. No
need now to expurgate all you read. Woman, too,
is now an author; and I undertake to say, that the
literature of the next century will be richer than
the classic epochs, for that cause. Truth is one,
ere, sbsolute; but opinion is truth filtered
through the moods, the blood, the disposition of
the spectator, Man has looked at creation and
given us his impression, in Greek literature, and
in English, one-sided, half-way, all awry. Woman
now takes her stand to give her views of God’s
works, and her own creation; and exactly in pro-
portion, as woman, though equal, is eternally
different from man, just in that proportion will
the next century be doubly rich because we shall
have both sides,
You might as well plant yourselfin the desert,
under the changeless gray and blue, and assert
that yon have seen all the wonders of God’s
pencil, as maintain that a Male Literature, Latin,
Greek, or Asiatic, can be apything but a half-part,
poor and one-sided; as well develop only muscle,
shutting out sunshine and color, and starving the
flesh from your angular limbs, and then advise
man to scorn Titian’s flesh and the Apollo, since
you have exhausted manly beauty, as think to stir
all the depths of music with only half the chords.
The diapason of human thought was never struck,
till Christian culture summoned woman into the
republic of letters; and experience as well as
nature tells us, “what God hath joined, let no
man put asunder.” — Wendell Phillips.
—<———
HOW VICTORIA TRAINS HER CHILDREN.
A primary regard is paid to moral and religious
duties. They rise early, breakfast at eight, and
dine at two, Their various occupations are allot-
ted out with almost military exactness. One
hour finds them engaged in the study of the
ancient—another of the modern authors, their
acquaintanceship with he languages being first
founded ona thorough knowledge oftheirgrammat-
ical construction, and afterwards familiarized and
perfected by conversation, Next they are trained
in those military exercises which give dignity and
bearing. Another hour is agreeably filled up with
the lighter accomplishments of music and dancing.
Again the happy party assemble in the riding
school, where they may be seen deeply interested
in the various evolutions of the menage, hence,
—while drawing and the further exercise of music,
and the lighter accomplishments, calloff the atten-
tion of their sisters—the younger Princes proceed
to busily engage themselves in a carpenter’s shop,
fitted up expressly for them, at the wish of the
Royal consort, with a turning lathe and other
tools essential to a thorough knowledge of the
craft. They thus early become, not enly theoreti-
cally, but practically acquainted with the useful
arts of life. A small laboratory is occasionally
brought into requisition, at the instance also of
cir Royal father, and the minds of the children
are thus led up froma contemplation of the curios-
ities of chemical science and the wonders of nature
Ke an inquiry into their causes, This done, the
young carpenters and students throw down their
saws and axes, unbuckle their Philosophy, and
shoulder their miniature Pereussion-guns—which
they handle with the dexterity of practiced sports-
men—for a shooting stroll through the Royal
|gardéns, ‘The evening meal, the preparation for
the morning lessons, and religious instruc-
tion, close the day.—Select
No woman can be who would
F how beau-
f ti may be, she
”
vulgarity of
—— -
per midst the |
ee a
——.
=
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
THE ‘UNWEARIED SUMMONER,
BY A, 1 BULLOOK,
Aw Exvor, with message no one can avoid,
Comes bearing igns of woe,
By whom strength anc beauty are rent and deetro;’a¢—
Embitters and poisons all blessings enjoyed —
‘To whom dearest treasures must Fo,
Appears at all times, in the sunlight and storm,
When stern Winter is raging or Summer glows warm—
Is goyerned by no human jaw,
No place is exempt from his cruel display—
Its witnersed on ocean and land—
| The halls of a nobleman fills with dismay,
‘The throne of no monarch proceedings can stay,
In the cot of thelowly will stand.
Now booms from the cannon, or gleams from the sword,
And then in dark silence draws nigh—
‘To some sends a herald like ancient proud lord,
To others approaches without sign or word,
And none from his summons can fly.
At no time is idle, by night or by day,
In missions of mourning and sighs,
Has agents in stubborn and countless array,
Can neither be flattered or bribed to delay,
And in slanghter, all tyrants outyies,
‘Though monster so frightfal, in memory dear
We cherish the scenes of his wrath,
Hen while it wrings from us the heart-swelling tear,
We engraye on our tablets, unfading and clear,
The nots which have darkened his path.
Partiality marks his ferocious career—
Some skles oft bedimmed by his breath,
Leaves others till twilight, resplendent and clear,»
No appeal from his sentence, however severe,
For he is the Angel of Death.
His labors suspended, so heartless and rash,
And man would but seldom know fear,
‘The shock of an earthquake, tho hurricane’s crasli,
The horrors of shipwreck, the ewift lightning’s flash,
But Nature's grand pastimes appear,
Yet why should we tremble who feel his embrace,
Or shrink from the grasp of his hand?
Our earthly abode is a bleak, dreary place,
And with the Death Angel we hasten, through grace,
To our home in a beautiful land.
Burns, N, Y., 1859.
Written for Moore’s Rural New-Yorker.
TIME.
Fzox old Eternity’s mysterious orb
Was Time cut off, and cast beneath tho skies,
[Youna.
Time is but a meteor glare, which we see as it
passes, and it is gone forerer. We know not
whence it cometh, or whither it goeth; one mo-
ment cometh and quickly passeth away, while
another and another rush in to fill up the place
of its predecessor. “Time,” says Youna, “is the
stuff that life is made of,” and we would do well
not to waste suchaprecious possession. How ap-
propriate the inscription on the dial in the temple
at London, ‘‘Begone about your business.” A
wholesome admonition to the loiterer.
Time has wrought many changes. Nations
haye fallen, cities haye sunken in ruin, Prince's
palaces haye become hoyels for the poor, while
Time, cruel Monster, has marked thousands upon
tens of thousands with decay! What changes has
he not wrought? The young haye grown older,
the middle aged and aged have grown old, and
dropped one by one into the narrow house pre-
pared for allliving. Gray hairs are whitening the
heads of millions, and the first silver hair, like a
truant nymph, is sown by the band of old Time,
among our own locks. Therosetints that painted
the cheek of some fair Jady have been vanquished
by the wrinkles of riper years, and the vigor and
strength of youth is followed by tottering steps,
and slow and measured tread.
Many that embarked on life’s tempestuous sea
with us, and enjoyed muck of pleasure, happiness
and joy, will meet with us no more. They have
already been cut down by Tiz’s unsparing hand,
and gone to join the millions of the dead, They
have launched their barks on the unfathomed and
unbounded sea of Eternity. The golden moments
of childhood fly quickly by, and we heed them not
until it is too late, and we think ‘‘ Of Time, soon
past; soon lost among the shades of buried years,”
Time is ever making rapid strides; and should it
passas the idle wind and we heed it not? Soxo-
mon says there is a time for everything under the
sun, The duration of a moment is but the swing
of the pendulum, the tick of the watch; itis short,
very short, and its flight is beyond our compre-
hension. No one has eyer been able to compute
the velocity with which it moves, although the
Astronomer has already measured the distance to
the sup, moon and stars, and told us their annual
and diurnal revolutions, Would that we knew
its velocity, that we might be prepared to meet it
atits calling. [ime is eyer moving onward; it
waits not for youth or old age; its pace is firm
and steady; itis true to its purpose; its motto is
onward; it turns aside for no one, but is ever on!
on! until it reaches the yast and unbounded ocean
of Eternity, and there it bathes its never-wearied
limbs in its unfathomed depths. This is
“Phe sparkling cream of all Timo’s blessednees,
The aiken down of happiness complete,”
Time is from ee to everlasting, but a
moment comes like some truant nymph and steals
Upon us unawares, tis so short we hardly realize
its approach until itis past and gone forever.
It is sai reiga moral in everything to the
| moralizing mi ee then, Time once gone
ene Het us make the best use of it; not
sad or serious merely, but sober and reasonable—
ready to labor in the hour of labor, and rest in the
hourof rest. We shall not, then, look back on
misspent moments, with that fecling so aptly ex.
pressed in the German ‘Ach evie nichtig, ach
: -
SS ae .
SS eee eee eee = Fae
'§ RORAL NEW-YoR«un
*
wie fluchtig!” Ah, how eain/ Gh, how fleeting !
The flight of Time, which is silently, but surely
and uniformly, bearing us from Seenes, perhaps
loved too well, eran too accurately marked,
‘The worth of one moment is far above rubies, for
upon it depends all; the moments that are past
are gone beyond our reach; those thataroin the
future may never come. All is uncertninty—not
the least part of time is insured to mao. One
moment he may bloom in health, and tho next be
struggling with the monster Death. As time rolia
on changes will take place. Ali are hastening ou,
and soon the present ‘generation will rost in the
grave. Yet time
“That steals, from day to day,
With slow, unseen, unceasing pac,
Moments, and months, and gears away:
Right onward with resistices power,
Its stroke shall darken every hour,
‘Till Nature’s race bo run,
And Time’s last shadow shall eclipse the sun.”
Flovanna, N. ¥., 1859, IL A. Warrrenonz,
= eee
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker
A REVERIE,
‘How long shall the land mourn for the wickedness
of them that dwell therein. They haye made it deso-
iste andit mourneth unto me: thoy have tangressed
the Jaws, changed the ordinances, and broken the ever-
lasting covenant, ‘Truth has fallen in the streets, and
equity cannot enter.”—Brocr,
Harpiy has the world grown wiser—surély,
not better, in all its long sin-freighted centuries
of experience, Secure in the invulnerable’ mail of
selfishness, man isolates himself from charity—
sacrifices brotherly kindness—wipes out sensibil-
ity—buries love, and prostitutes that intellect
with which Omniscience crowned him an image of
Himself, to groveling passion and sordid gain.
With iron fingers, icy-hearted, strong-eyed
want, clutches the yitals of millions, gloating in
fiendish glee at the mourning and wailing of its
countless victims, deep-toned and terrible in their
bitter anguish. Gilded misery, in flaming ap-
parel, stalks abroad in unshamed calmness, only
to pass on, unsaved, in its path of wretchedness
and crime down to the gates of death. The
hatchet unburied, the emblem of friendship and
peace ignored brotherhoods are changed to
feuds and never ceasing strife.
With as little compunction or regret, birth-
rights are bartered for pottage to-day, and no
mediating angel to wrestle us into repentance and
restitution, Our nativity and life’s holy relations
denied and renounced that our heritage may be
enlarged, or one more be numbered on the
calendar of our days—and no piercing conscience
wakens to contrition and confession. The blood
of brothers unayenged, crieth out from the
ground. Slowly dragging misery’s chains, the
weary nations toil on in their pollution. Seeth-
ing up from suffering human hearts, the feeble
moaning prayer for light,—the bitter wailing of
error burdened millions—the agonizing groan of
earth's oppressed nations,—swells a tide of woe
unutterable, surging onward to the mercy seat.
Mercy bends in tearful supplication. Pity plumes
her quivering wingsin trembling haste to liberate
and save. And onward drag the leaden years,
In silence each bleeding heart folds its crusbing
anguish to itself, the spirit bows in utter desola-
tion, groping in a labyrinth of woe.
Is there no suflicient power, that, wakened from
its apathy of years, shall yet stretch forth its
mighty arms to burst the fetters from im-
prisoned nations, and bid the captive soul once
more breathe the free, gladsome atmosphere of
purity and hope. Shall Mercy plead in vain?
Shall Pity fold her wings and wait? Shall tyrant
error yet trample truth to earth, and ignorance
and misrule hold despairing nations in abject
slavery. Thou who “taketh away the captives of
the mighty, and delivereth the prey of the terri-
ble,” may thine Omnipotent arm save us from
degradation, desolation and ruin.
Ont West, Nov. 1859, Brn. Bunpock.
Excacine Manneas.—There are a thousand
pretty, engaging little ways, which every person
may put on, without running the risk of being
deemed either affected or foppish, The sweet
smile, the quiet, cordial bow, the earnest moye-
ment in addressing a friend, or, more especially
a stranger, whom one may resommend to our
good regards, the inquiring glance, the graceful
attention, which is so captivating when united
with self-possession—these will insure us the
good regards of even a churl. Above all, there
isa certain softness of manner which should be
cultivated, and which, in either man or woman,
adds a charm that always entirely compensates
for lack of beauty.—TZaylor.
<2 ae.
Lines For Meprration.—Beautifully and ten-
derly wrought out is the comparison of the
long suffering of God, to the affectionate care
of a nurse, in these lines from one of Quarles’
Meditations :
Even as a nurse, whose child’s imperfect pace
an hardly lead his foot from place to place,
Leayes her fond kissing, sets bim down to go,
Nor does uphold him for a step or two.
Bat when she finds that he begins to fall,
She holds him up, and kisses him withat—
80 God from man sometimes withdraws His hand
Awhile to teach his infant faith to stand ;
But when he sees his feeble strength begin
To fatl, he gently takes him up again.
e+
Tue papers say there is. great demand for
women in Oregon, Isn’t there a demand for
women everywhere? There are plenty of ladies—
dainty creatures with soft hands and softer heads,
pufled with hoops in the lower story and nonsense
in the upper—but genuine, sensible women are
in demand all over creation, They are scarcer
than diamonds, and far more yaluable—better
than gold, and safer to tie to than the best State
stocks.
— +0.
Tue Steep or Yourm.—Oh! let youth cherish
the happiest of earthly boons while yet it is at its
command; for there cometh the day to all, when
“neither the voice of the lute nor the birds,” shall
bring back the sweet slumbers that fell on their
young eyes, a3 unbidden as the dews —Aulwer
Tytion.
Written for Moore's Rural New Torts,
REMINISCENCES.
Aut vainly thought my wayward cart
‘Tho misty veil of time to part,
And icok beyond.
With wistful syo and eamest gaze,
Tsought to know the ‘Snknown ways
Of future years,
Bat closer shut ths veil batweee
My ouxions eye and the unaeen
OF life befora,
Nor yet an echoing sound I beard
From out those realms, or Ans'ring word
Of good or ill
But, one by one, anfelding yoars
Fall soon unsealed tts fount of teara,
Its Joys decayed.
‘Then bowed my onsubmitted wil,
Nor wlahed to know, if good or it,
My destiny, -
The dove of Pesce thon eought my bréaa
And gently calmed my eoul’s unrest, >
My allof fesr.
Batlgr, Milwaukee Co., Wis,, 1859,
CONFESSIONS OF INFIDELITY.
L.
Aw unbeliever in the Christian system rarely
has any clear or well-defined faith, or any sure
ground of comfort in hours of trial and depros-
sion. Rejecting Christ as a Savior, he is left to
walk “in darkness, not knowing whither be
goeth.” The Lutheran Observer compares very
strikingly the experiences of Voltaire and Hume
with that of Paul:
“I seem,” seid Hume, “‘affrighted and con-
founded with the solitude in which I am placed
by my philosophy. When I look abroad, on every
side, I see dispute, contradiction. When I turn
my eye inward, I find nothing but doubt and
ignorance. Where am 1? or what am 1? From
what cause do I derive my existence? To what
condition shall I refurn? I am confounded with
questions. I begin to fancy myself in o moat
deplorable condition, environed with darkness om
everyside.” Voltaire says:—‘The world abounds
with wonders, and also with victims, In man is
more wretchedness than in sll other animals put
together.” How did he judge of it? By his own
heart. He adds :—‘ Man loves life, yet he knows —
he must die; spends his existence in diffusing the
miseries he has suffered—cutting the throats of
his fellow-creatures for pey—cheating and being
cheated. The bulk of mankind,” he continues,
“are nothing more than a crowd of wretches,
equally criminal, equally unfortunate. I wish I
had never been born.” Here what St. Paul saya:
“Thave fought a good fight, I have finished my
course, I have kept the faith, Henceforth there
islaid up for me a crown of righteousness, which
the Lord, the righteous Judge, will giveme at that
day.”
———__+e-—____.
““SHUTS OUT THE WORLD.”
A raw yearsaince, on visiting a mother in Israel,
one who wrestled and prevailed in prayer, she led
me to asmall room in a retired part of her low-
roofed dwelling, and showing me the hasp ‘which
fastened the door of that quiet retreat, said:—“T
often think that this little piece of iron is more to
me than all the treasures of the sich in yonder
city are to them—for this ‘shuts out the world,'”
It was a sacred spot, that room of prayer, For
more than fifty years it had been a Bethel to the
soul of this aged disciple; and how many in that
mountain village, aye, and in the world, are in-
debted to the prayers offered there, eternity alene
will reveal. It seemed to me holy ground, hard
by the very gate of heaven.
Reader, have you any bar, or boit, or key, which,
when you enter your place of prayer, keeps away
the intruding cares and perplexities of the world
without? Alas! alas! how many weary, aching
hearts, durdened with earthly treasures, would
give all they possess for the “‘little piece of iron,”
the something which would ‘shut out the world,”
and give the sublime repose which He gives to
“His beloved.” — Tract Journal.
Be Nor Discouracep.—Hope on, hope ever.
Life's prospects may appear to you dreary and
uninyiting; life's realities may be painfully op-
pressive to your sensitive feelings; but with trust-
ful confidence, believe that He who made a way
through the Red Sea for his redeemed ones to
pass over, can easily light up your path with sun-
shine, and strew it with fairest flowers. He who
forms the night, creates also the day; He who
directed the course of the storm-cloud also sends
the fair weather out in the north. The railway of
life does not always lie through tunnels, Another
moment and your gladdened spirit may be enjoy-
ing the fine balmy air, and reyelling in the
beauties of earth and sky. It may be that you
are even just now upon the verge of God's choice-
est blessings.
——+o.—___—
Be Prerarep.—No man knows what mercies 4
day may bring forth, what miseries, what good or
what evil, what afflictions, what temptations, what
liberty, what bonds, what good success, or what
bad success, a day may bring forth; and, there-
fore, a man need every day be in his closet with
God, that he may be prepared and fitted to enter-
tain and improve all the occurrences, successes
and emergencies which may attend him in the
course of his life.—Zhomas Brooks.
aes
Tie AND Erersiry.—There are two words which
should take much of our thoughts dnd cares, time
and eternity; time, because it will soon be at an
end; and eternity, because it will never come toan
end,—Zrskine,
THe strength which the hour of trial brings
often makes the Christian a wonder to himself.
Spice from New Boolis.
Desire of the Indians for Martial Fame,
No people probably, on the face of the earth
are more ambitious of martial fame, or entertain a
higher appreciation for the ceeds ofa daring and
successfal warrior, than the North American
Indians. The attainment of such reputation is
the paramount and absorbing object of their
lives ; all their aspirations for distinction invaria-
bly take this ebannel of expression. A young
man is never considered worthy to occupy a seat
in council until be bas encountered an enemy in
battle; and he who can count the greatest number
of scalps is the most highly honored by his tribe.
‘This idea is inculcated from their earliest infancy.
It is not surprising, therefore, that, with such
weighty inducements before him, the young man
who, os yet, has gained no renown as a brave
or warrior, should be less discriminate in his
attacks than older men who have already acquired
aname. The young braves should, therefore, be
closely watched when encountered on the Plains.
The prawie tribes are seldom at peace with all
their neighbors, and some of the young braves of
a tribe are almost slwoys absent upon o war
excarsion, These forays sometimes extend into
the heart of the northern states of Mexico, where
the Indians have carried on successful invasions
for many years. They baye devastated and
depopulated a great portion of Sonora and
Chibuahua. The objects of these forays are to
steal horses and mules, and to take prisoners;
ond if it so happens that a war party has been
unsuccessful in the accomplishment of these ends,
oy has bad the misfortune to lose some of its num-
ber in battle, they become reckless, and will often
attack a small party with whom they are not at
war, provided they hope to escape detection. The
disgrace attendant upon a return to their friends
without some trophies as an offset to the loss of
their comrades is a powerfal incentive to action,
and they extend but little mercy to defenseless
travelers who haye the misfortune to encounter
them at such o conjuncture,
Meeting Indians on the Plains.
A swaut number of white men, in traveling
upon the Plains, should not allow a party of
strange Indians to approach them unless able to
resist an attack under the most unfavorable cir-
cumstances,
It is a safe rule, when a man finds himself alone
in the prairies, and sees a party of Indians
approaching, not to allow them to come near him,
and if they persist in so doing, to signal them to
keep away. If they do not obey, and he be
mounted upon a fleet horse, he should make for
the nearest timber. If the Indians follow and
press him too closely, he should turn around, and
point bis gun at tho foremost, which will often
have the effect of turning them back, but he
should never draw trigger unless he finds that his
life depends upon the shot; for, as soon as his
shot is delivered, his sole dependence, unless he
have time to reload, must be upon the speed of his
horse.
On approaching strangers these people put
their horses at full speed, and persons not famil-
iar with their peculiarities and habits might inter-
pret this as an act of hostility; but it is their cus-
tom with friends as well as enemies, and should
not occasion groundless alarm,
When o party is discovered approaching thus,
and are near enough to distinguish signals, all
that is necessary in order to ascertain their dispo-
sition is to raise the right hand with the palm in
front, and gradually push it forward and back
Several times. They all understand this to be
4 command to halt, and if they are not hostile it
will be at once obeyed.
After they have stopped the right hand is raised
again as before, and slowly moved to the right and
left, which signifies “Ido not know you. Who
are you?’ As the wild tribes have their peculiar
pantomimiec signals by which they are known,
they will then answer the inquiry by giving their
signal. If this should not be understood, they
may be asked if they are friends by raising both
hands grasped in the manner of shaking hands,
or by locking the two fore-fingers firmly while the
handsareheldup. If friendly, they will respond
with the same signal; but if enemies, they will
probably disregard the command to halt, or give
the signal of anger by closing the hand, placing it
against the forehead, and turning it back and
forth whilo in that position,
The pantomimic rocabulary is understood by all
the Prairie Indians, snd when oral communication
is impracticable it constitutes the court or general
council language of the Plains. The signs are
exceedingly graceful and significant; and, what
was 6 fact of much astonishment to me, I discoy-
ered they were very nearly the same as those prac-
ticed by the mutes in the deaf and dumb schools,
and were comprehended by them with perfect
facility.
Jerking Meat.
So puro is the atmosphere in the interior of
Our continent that fresh meat may be cured, or
Jerked, os it is termed in the language of the
prairies, by cutting it into strips about an inch
thick, and hanging it in the sun, where in a fow
days it will dry so well that it may be packed in
sacks, and transported over long journeys with-
out putrefsing.
When there is not time to jerk the moat by the
slow process described, it may be done ina few
hours by building an open frame-work of small
ticks about two feet above the ground, Placing
“the strips of meat upon the top of it, and keeping
up a slow fire beneath, which dries the meat
rapidly. ’
‘The jerking process may be done on the march
without apy loss of time by stretching lines from
front to rear upon the of loaded wagons,
and suspending the them, where it is
allowed to remain unti tly cured to be
packed away. Salt is never used in this process,
and is not required, as the meat, if kept dry, rare-
wine U8. « Prairie Traveler, by Carr.
The Reviewer.
Exuuoxs’ Manvat or Gz0i
‘Tus work bas been lately pul ed by Sowns, Banya
&Co, Philadelphia. Itis a volume of near 800 pages,
12mo,, illustrated by a. great number of Sgares of foseli
plants and animals as well ss geological sections, and
is written in clear, manly style, very rarely diffase,
but always direct and brief. It treats, too, of the geol-
ogy of our country, where our rocks can be seen and
handled, and on which excursions can be made for the
Verification of its statements and the extention of the
learnor's knowledge and experience. The teacher,
who understands the subject, will flad the work an
excellent text-book, and be able to make the most
Profitable use of it for the student The clear brevity
of the statements bas made a great amount of princi-
ples obvious and satisfactory, The plan, adopted by
the author, is to give, on each system of rocks, ‘a
general bistory of the perlod to which they belong,”
and to add “a brief description of the rocks and their
order of sequence,” “illustrated by the organisms or
fossils” contained in them. For understanding this,
some kaowledge of plants and animale, as well as
minerals, is essential, and is presented in the early
chapters. ‘ Palacontology bas become the leading
branch” of geology, because it is the “history of life”
in the ages before Gop created man, the fossils being
the organisms by which the functions of life are dis-
played. The pursults of the author, as late State Geol-
ogist of New York, and present State Geologist of
North Garolina, give Dr, Emmons many advantages in
the elaboration of such a work, On some contested
points, bis proofs are strong and full, The work will
commend itself to the public, The subject Is more
important than ever before, and should be stadied by
all who intend to have any considerable education. Its
applications are most interesting.
Tue Prarere Teaveree. A Hand-Book for Overiand
Expeditions. With Maps and Illustrations, and Itin-
eraries of the Principal Routes between the Missis-
sippl and the Pacific. By Baxpourn B, Maxcy, Cap-
tain
U.S.Army. Pablished by authority of the War
Depariment Nismo 340.) New York: Harper
& Brothers,
Wirn a quarter of a century’s experience tn frontier
life, @ great portion of which time was occupied in
exploring the interior of the continent, far beyond the
bounds of civilization, the author was well prepared
for tho work which he bas so well accomplished, that
of guiding the adventurous * voyager” across the des-
ert lying between our Western and the Pacific States,
None but those who have tried it know the disadvan-
tages the inexperlenced Inbor under for want of a
proper and timely initiation into those minor details of
prairie craft, which, however spparcntly unimportant
in the abstract, are sure, upon the plains, to turn the
balance of success for or sgainst an enterprise, The
main object songht in the book is to explain the best
methods of performing the duties devolving upon the
prairie traveler, so as to secure immunity from the
wiles of the savage and the caprice of the elements,
The principal routes are very plainly described, go that
it would seem none need err, The little volume is
finely ilastrated, with engravings showing the most
convenient forms of camp equipage, as well as strange
mod wild adventures with Indians, swollen streams and
grizzly bears, which travelers have met with, and may
again, AU who think of an “overland voyage,” and
all who wish to know more of this wild and intoresting
Portion of our country, shonld procure this book, Tor
sale by Steere, Avery & Co,
Tur Westwinster Review for October, 1859, Volumo
49, No. 2, Leonard Scott & Co,, New York, Pub-
lishers,
Tax Westminster ranks smong the most important
of the British Reviews, and the present number fully
éustains its ancient reputation, The “Table of Con-
tonts” presents the following array :—Militla Forces ;
Rossenu, his Life and Writings; Spiritual Freedom;
Modern Poots and Poetry of Italy; Physical Geogra-
phy of the Atlantic Ocean; Garibaldi and the Italian
Volunteers; Tennyson's Idyts of the King; Bonapart-
{sm in Italy; Contemporary Literature. Several of
the papers presented will command the strictest soruti-
ny of the reader, and all are well worthy the closest
attention,
THE OLIVE AND THE CEDAR,
Oon distinguished Secretary of State, Lewis
Cass, delivered an address before the Agricultural
Society of Kalamazoo Co., Mich., from which we
make the following extracts :
The Mount of Olives, which overlooks Jeru-
salem, derives its name from these trees, existing
there in the earliest ages, and at its foot, divided
from it by the brook Kedron, is the garden of
Gethsemane, forever memorable as a scene of the
passion of our Savior, Eight olive trees, bearing
every mark of extreme age, are yet growing there,
and tradition has invested them with a sacred
character, as contemporaries of the life and death
of Jesus Christ. No believer in Christianity can
gaze upon them, as I have done, without feeling
the most powerful cmotions—without feeling that
foree of association which connects us with names
and deeds, long since passed away, when we stand
upon the places they haye made immortal, The
world contains no such spot as this, where the
mission of the Redeemer was fulfilled, and where
he pronounced its termination in the declaration,
“Tr 18 PINIsHED.”
Toe Cepan—But the most interesting relic
of the ancient vegetable creation, is to be found
upon one of the ridges of Lebanon, not far from
the renowned temple of Baalbec. It consists of
twelve gigantic cedars, the remains of the primi-
tive forests which once covered that great moun-
tain chain of Syria, and which yet rear their
heads, prodigies of vegetation, and each sur-
mounted with a dome of foliage, overshadowing
the spectator ss in the time of biblical story.
One of them is forty-five feet in circumference,
and all, both in size and height, tell the long ages
that bare swept over them, leaving them the
most striking natural monuments that the eye
can rest upon, What interesting associations
cluster around them! They have been conse-
crated by history, religion, and poetry. Their
beauty bas been recorded by Ezekiel, and their
excellence and perfume by Solomon, who placed
them atithe head of vegetable creation, when he
+
- - woe
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
MECHEMEH, OR TURKISH COUNCIL CHAMBER,
Wirs this number we conclude our series of
sketches and engravings of Scenes in and about
the Holy City, Tbey have been particularly yalu-
able as illustrative of the Scriptures. The present
engraving shows the Zurkish Council Chamber,
containing the Royal Sarcophegus recently dis-
covered inthe Tombs of the Kings, Mrs. Jonyson
visited it and made the drawing soon after the late
war between Russia and Turkey, which ended at
the Crimes, became known at Jerusalom, This
war encouraged the wild tribes to acts of hostility
against the Turkish power, and kept the inbabi-
tantsinconstant alarm. Mrs. J., inau interesting
chapter on this subject, says:
“T ehall not soon forget the deep anxiety and
dread we all experienced soon after war was
declared, when the fanatical spirit of the Fellahin
was first aroused. We had learned from the pro-
prietor of ‘‘the Tombs of the Kings,’’ that a royal
sarcophagus had been discovered in one of its
recesses, & few years previous, and removed to the
Mechemeh, or Congressional Hall of Jerusalem,
now identified os ocoupyiog the site of the
“Council Chamber,” or Sanhedrim. Permission
for a visit had heen obtained from the proper
authorities, snd I was sitting there taking o
sketch of the room and its contents, greatly
evjoying myself, when the Bash Catib’s servant
came running in, almost breathless, and with the
deepest anxiety depicted in his countenance (for
he had sli slong shown us much courtesy and
kindoess), told us to flee for our lives—that the
Fellabin bad taken the city! We accordingly fled
to our premises with all baste, and barricaded the
doors as best we could. But before we could
make sure our defence, he came running, with joy
now lighting up bis face, to inform us that though
they had entered the city in large numbers, they
were not armed; and were being turned out as
rapidly as possible.”
discoursed of trees “from ths cedars, which are
at Lebanon, even to the hyssop that springeth
out of the wall.” Could these mute memorials
of bygone times tell the scenes that hare passed
in the shadow of their foliage, what lessons of
power and instability might they not teach in the
long interval that hes elapsed since these hills
resounded with the noise of the workman, prepar-
ing the timber for the Temple of Jerusalem, to
the solitude which establishes its dwelling places
where the Moslem plants his standard!
I have worshiped in many of the high places
of the Old World—in the Cathedral of Christen-
dom, the Basilic of St. Peter, when the Sovereign
Pontiff, the head of the Catholic Church, minis-
tered at the altar; and though educated, as I have
been, in the simplicity of the Presbyterian faith,
yet I could not look upon the imposing solemni-
ties without fecling a reverential awe pass over
me, as though I were in the presence of Him
whose visible glory descended upon the Temple
of Mount Moriah; aud yet a naked Greek mass,
for it happened to be an annual fete when I was
there, celebrated under the patriarch cedar,
before a rude altar of unwrought stone, by a poor
priest, surrounded by a little band of worshipers,
with the cliffs of Lebanon around them—this
primitive devotion in e temple not made with
hands, has left traces upon my mind and memory
more powerful than the most gorgeous ceremonies,
and which no subsequent erent can eradicate.
——_——- +e, __
Pexin.—A eecent traveler, speaking of the Chi-
nese town of Pekin, and the first impression a
stranger receives on entering within the walls,
says :—‘‘ Once he has passed under the ponderous
northern gate, measured the thickness of the stu-
pendous wall, and is fairly in Pekin, he will be
entirely bewildered; all before him is a confused
and dusty mass of colors, men, mules, cabs, hun-
dreds of camels, with the weary Mongols in their
once red gowns, enthroned and fast asleep on their
high summit; an immensity of wide, perfectly
straight and endless streets; a living ocean of the
most degraded beggars, of cooks, barbers, blind
men beating upon kettle drums, orators delivering
speeches; then, right and left, brilliant shops,
cafes and hotels, surmounted by long poles of all
colors, wooden walls besutifally carved and gilt
over; in fact, itis a scene So unique in the world
that no dream could ever be so eccentric.”
Wuar Goon Perioprcars May Do.—Show us an
intelligent family where newspapers and periodi-
cals are plentiful, Nobody who has been without
these silent private tutors can know their educat-
ing power for goodorevil. Haye youneverthought
of the innumerable topics of discussion which
they suggest at the breakfast table, the important
public measures with which, thus early, our chil-
dren become familiarly acquainted; great phi-
lanthropic questions of the day, to which uncon-
sciously their attention is awakened, and the
general spirit of intelligence which is evoked
by these quiet visitors?
Anything that makes home pleasant, cheerful
and chatty, thins the haunts of vice and the thou-
sand and one avenues of temptation, should cer-
tainly be regarded, when we consider its influence
on the minds of the young, a3 4 great moral and
social blessing.— Hmerson.
=
Excuse asp American Wonps.—The different
uses of words in England and in this country are
interesting. Zumter, which with us is applied
to sawn timber, means trash in England. When
we say doards, the Englishman says deals. We
take Baggage on a journey, the Englishman only
luggage. Our ladies are fond of dry goods, their
English sisters,are equally devoted to haberdash-
ery. The Yankee cries Go Ahead; the Britisher
says All Right. The American travels in the cars;
the Englishman dy the rail. The former sends a
letter by the mail; the latter by the pox, The
one hiss a durcau in his bed chamber; the otber
onlF achest of drawers.
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA.
I Ax composed of 24 letters.
My 21, 16, 7, 20, 2, 14, 12 1a a division of Italy,
My 4,9, 11, 17, 12 was an American naval officer.
My 8, 19, 8, 10, 93 Is one of the Canary Islands,
My 2, 18, 7, 9, 24, 22, 20 Is o metal,
My 15,1, 2, 24, 14, 18, 24 { a river In Ireland,
My 1, 16, 14, 21, 5, 6 wos a distinguished aurgeon of the
18th century,
My whole is a popular theme of conversation at the
present time. Wruson Taooanr.
Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
AN ACROSTICAL ENIGMA.
I aw composed of 15 letters.
My 1, 14, 2, 18 was sn European ruler.
My 2, 9, 4, 13 is a city to Italy.
My 3, 2, 16, 18, 5 often leads to corrow.
My 4, 1, 13, 7, 3, 5 was a great Emperor.
My 5, 9, 16, 18 is a gulf in Europe,
My 6,7, 7, 9, 1, 14 was a great walter,
My 7, 6, 13, 6, 2 was a philosopher.
My 8,6, 18, 2, 8, 6, 14 is the namo of « battle in the
Reyolation,
My 9, 7, 13, 5 fs a river in Haropo,
My 10, 18, 2, 8, 1, 8, 8 {s a cong.
My 11, 5, 6, 6, 2 was a great leader,
My 12, 15, 17, 1is a clty in South America.
My 13, 3, 8, 6, 2 was an American general
My 14, 11, 2, 8, 13, 7 isa city in Franco,
My 15, 7, 18, 1, 4 was s patriarch.
My 16, 13, 11, 6, 16, 18 was a tyrant.
My 17, 11, 14, 2, 1 preserved many thousand iives.
My 18, 7, 9, 1 has been a theatre of thrilling events,
My whole is contained in this number of the RozaL
Naw-Yornee. Aste,
Flint Hill, Fairfax Co,, Viay 1509.
7 Answer in two weeks.
ILLUSTRATED REBUS,
(7 Anvawerio No. 1 of Vol.
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM,
Requinen the side of the largest equilateral triangle
that can be inscribed between three equal circles of 12
inches in diumeter, which touch each other!
Nanda, N. Y,, 1859, N.P,5.
§7~ Answer in two weeks,
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
ARITHMETICAL QUESTION.
A rzstow sold a pumber of sheep, calves and lambs
~ 40 in all—for re How many ald he séll of ench, if
he received for each calf $1 75, cach sheep $1.35, and
each lamb 75 cen? Youxe £0.
O27 Answer in two weeks.
ANSWER TO ENIGMAS, &c., IN NO. 517.
Answer to Geographical Enlgma:—The taking of
The Tarks.
ore cipnavtesl Problem :—C has 342 acres,
8 roods, 17 1-7 rods; B, 907 acres, 22 6-T oda; B's land
Js 70 cents por acre; #ide of O's equals 234 rods, 8 fect,
ON inches.
DIARIES FOR 1860-GET READY.
Eva. Ronan New-Youxer :—I was much pleased
with the remarks of your Fond du Lao correspond-
ent in regard to. Diary for Young as well as old
Ruralists. When ten yoara of ‘age, I began a
daily journal, which I have kept up to the prosent
time. I was inspired with a zeal of this Kind,
perhaps, from two facts, Vit:—My father and
grand-father kept a daily record of evonts, and
also the impression made upon my mind when
reading the “Farm Yard Journal’ in Ryenings:
at Home.” Any boy who has road the abore nutied
book cannot but remember tho simple, yet interest-
ing style of young Rooxr. “The new born calf?
found one morning in the barn-yard—the rascally
sheep-dog “which committed such havoc among
the neighboring flocks, and yet made good his
escape;” and the Taughable incident of the servant
Joserx being scarad by the owls in the ‘loft of
the old farm-house,” are not easily forgotten.
Ta the summer of 1853, I visited the mi ng
region of Lake Superior, and then ‘footed it”
across from Lea Point to the St. Croix, down
which stream I smoothly glided in a birchen
canoe. After a short stayin St, Paul, I traveled
up the valley of the St. Peter's river, Again at
the capital of the territory, on the 12th Sept., I
was prepared for a trip to Pembina, on Red
River of the North, and took up my line of march
thither in company with Gxo. Nontanur, of New
York. We arrived at the northern boundary of
our country on the 14th Oct,, and the next day
were off on a south-west course for the plains, in
company with some half breeds and Indians, At
Devil’s Lake we fell in with numerous herds of
buffalo, In this yicinity we had a grand bunt—
and besides these denizens of the plain, the ponds
and lakes were literally coverd with white, brown,
and grey geese—innumerable quantities of ducks,
and many beautiful swans. In mid-winter I left
my friend at Pembina, teaching the young
“Niji,” and traveled by dog train for St. Paul;
crossed the very source of the Mississippi and
Red rivers, and arrived home in January.
During this voyageur life, my journal was not
neglected. The character of the Sioux warriors,
their inveterate enemy, the Chippewas, the
gambling Winnebago, the daring Cree, the easy
half-breed, the brave Pioneer, and the patient
Missionary—I say the character of each, is care-
fully portrayed. Every incident, physioal geog-
raphy of the country, and the weather, even noted.
And now, after a.day of toil and care, I can recall
some interesting scene, or hour of danger, by
merely turning the leaves of my Diary. As Mr.
Berry says, “I cannot estiniate its true value”
Then, boys, try it, Buy you a book of—say
four hundred pages,—size of an ordinary account
book. You must not take a dozen, ora hundred
sheets of fools cap. Such small pieces will accu-
mulate on your bands and be inconvenient to you.
Your style should not be as brief as that of friend
Berarer. The occupation of each band, and
where employed, should be noted. Mark the
character of your prominent school-mates, or
friends—state your views of certain issues before
the people,—and note the remarkable events con-
cerning the “rest of mankind.” It will be a great
pleasure for you, in years to come, to travel back
to days of boyhood, and know just what your
views were at that time, Haye your book marked
by the Binder:—“Diary No, 1, 1960,” and your
name also, if you wish, on the back of the same,
Begin withthe New Year and write a large, round
hand. Neyer fall into the habit of skating with
your pen as does your humble servant, Don't
fail, boys or girls, to haye all ready for the New
Year. Youwillneverregretthe step. J. ¥.
Locust Hill Farm, Ind., 1889.
PENNSTLVANIA—I7S Meaning.—Will you pleaae tell
the Young Raralists—one at !east—the meaning of the
word Pennsylvania? Of course the @rat part is from
Penx, the founder of the State; but the Isst part is
what I want to know.—M. 0, 8,
Sytyan means woody, or abounding in woods;
pertaining to a wood orgrove; hence a book con-
taining history of the forest trees of a country
is called its Sylva. “The woody land of Penn,”
or Pennsylysnia, was the name given by the king
to the tract of land now forming the State of
Pennsylvania when it was ceded to Pens.
Is Heat Posprranie?—In the Bunat, o few weeks
since, you gave several answers to philosophical ques-
tions, in which Iwas much Interested. As we have a
dispute in question, I will ak you to decide it, viz;—
Is heat ponderabdle, that is, having welght?
Hear is imponderable, Weigh a piece of cold
iron; then heat it and weigh it again, and the
woight will be the same. Procure a cake of ice
and weigh it; then dissolveitand weigh the water,
and it will be found precisely the same ag the ico,
Gov. Money visited the Rensselear County Fair,
in this State, and made a speech, in the course of
which he said:—‘TI have been a furmer—a gen-
uine, hard working farmer—and itis in the hops
that my voice will reach the ear of every young-
man present, that I assert that there is not an in-
diyidual in the County of Rensselaer who com-
menced earlier, labored harder, and had fewer ad-
yanteges than I, prior to the age of seventeen;
and if I have obtained any measure of success in
life, it is entirely owing to habits inculcated, dis-
cipline practiced, and iessons losrned on my
father’s farm.
Tuene’s a great difference between honor and
honesty; the former, it is said, exists among
thieves, the latter certainly docsu't.
‘Tax worst of faultsis false heart; and the least
comely covering that can be imagined is a falso-
hood.
&
ig
4
FELT INC g ye
i
Pk
“>
—_———- ————-- —
MOORR’S
-
has been elected, and no busitess done. At the
last trial, 231 votes were cast; necessary to o
hoiee, 116. Mr. Sarnwan, (Republican,) received
10; Mr. Bocock, (Dem.,) 88; Mr. Giumsn, (Ameri-
can,) 20; Soattering, 12. ere seems to be little
prospect of an or;
” CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER.
AGRI
‘The Progress of Rural Improvement,
of the House unless
. the plurality rule is adopted.
Personal and Political.
Tun entire Republican State Ticket of Kansas is
elected by over 8,000 majority. The following is
the ticket:
Corn. Governor—Charles Robinson, of Lawrence.
Rene wes Lieut. idk a orn Pp. I Eee ae
of State—Jobn W. Robinson, ty -
LastVords for 1889, Alcea tor—George S. Hillyer, Grasshopper Falls. Trea-
Pruning and Trimming the Vine—No, 26 Iinstratlena) 407 | 8urer— William Tholan, pea ay
Inquiries and Anscers—Withered Peaches; Grapes | General—Benj. F. Simpson, Lykins Co. Supt.
for a Cold House , 407 | Instraction—William R, Griffith, Bourbon Co.
Fruit Growers’ Society of Western Ne Chief Justice—Thomas Ewing, Jr., Leavenworth.
pret Growers dmcoltion ontrag Associate Justices—Samuel A. a ep
ae Co., Lawrence D. Bailey, Emporia. Member Con-
, Ao Aoi Sons gress—Martin F. Conway, Lawrence. The Gov-
A Destructive Grab ...... ernor and Member of Congress are the men elected
é DOMESTIC Ee = to those places under the Topeka Cons ation es
) |] Recipe: To eter a ee aa eT Gare fen ouil 1855; Topeka is the State Capital, as then; an
4 nine Simpte Cute for Grou newer to, Molly? the State will be admitted under tsi is essentially
- fagulrlea: Making Baneys Nori: Goloving Flannel ited, 407| the old Topeka Free State Constitution. Mr.
Ewing is the son of the U. S. Senator of like name
from Ohio twenty odd years ago. Mr. Conway is
a native of Baltimore.
In the Georgia Democratic State Convention on
the 6th inst,, a resolution was adopted recom-
mending Secretary Cobb for the Presidency, when
a number of the members withdrew on the ground
that such action on the part of the Convention
was irregular and unauthorized.
tl \ LADIES’ OLIO.
" ered Mother," (Poetical;) The Cottage
Caer iet Metner ata Literate: How Vic:
torla Trains her Children; Oourtesy ... 4
CHOICE MISOELLANY.
The Unwearied Summoner, (Poetical;] Time; A Rev-
erle: Engaging Manners; Lines for Meditation, [Po-
etloal;) The Sieep of Youth .... Bevin 4
~ SABBATH MUSINGS.
1 fessions of Infidelity;
ee act iy Werldie Be Not Discouraged
Prepared; Time ond Eternity, ...seeee00s
SPIOE FROM NEW BROOKS.
Desire of the Indians for Martial Fame; Meeting Indi-
ans on the Plains; Jerking Meat,............ 409
THE REVIEWER.
Emmons’ Manual of Geology; The Prairie Traveler,
by Randolph B, Marcy; The Westminster Review,... 409
: USEFUL OLI0.
The Olive and the Cedar: Scenes in and About Jerusa-
lem, jPiduatrated a) Pekin; What Good Periodicals
May Do; English and American Words,...........--- 409
YOUNG RURALIST,
Diaries for 1£00—Get Ready; Pennsylvania—Its Mean-
ing; Is Heat Ponderable
STORY.TELLER.
“Bye-and-Dye,"' (Poctical;] Judith.
A resoLution was introduced in the South Caro-
lina Senate, on the 6th inst., declaring it inexpe-
dient for South Carolina to enter into any Conyen-
tion with the Northern States for the nomination
of candidates for President and Vice President.
Tue Charter Election in the city of New York
was held on the 6th inst. It wasa triangular fight
between Fernando Wood, (Hard) Mr. Havemeyer,
(Soft) and Mr. Opdyke, (Republican.) The total
vote cast was 78,657, as follows:—Opdyke, 22,716.
Havemeyer, 26,813. Wood, 30,839. Wood’s ma-
jority over Havemeyer, 3,526; over Opdyke, 7,523.
Tue Democratic National Committee have fixed
upon the 28d of April for the Convention, at
Charleston.
News Paragraphs,
Carrie buyers from Milwaukee are traversing
Towa, and collecting ali the herds of cattle they
can purchase to drive to that city, where they are
slaughtered and shipped to Liverpool. The
capital is furnished by Canadian operators.
Tue London Times says that fabricators of
false coin are very busy either in Mexico or the
United States. More than the ordinary number
of dollars recently received, via New York, bave
been found bad.
Tue Toronto Globe says that on Saturday, the
26th ult, the remains of Lount and Mathews, who
were executed in the Court House Square,
Toronto, in the Spring of 1838, for their connec-
tion with the rebellion of 1837, were exhumed.
They were buried on the day of execution in
Potter’s Field, Yorkville,
Lancs discoveries of antique gold articles have
been made in Ireland. In the neighborhood of
Athlone the value of the gold taken out is estima-
ted at twenty-seven thousand pourds sterling.
The relics are melted np by the gold refiners of
London in a remorseless manner.
i ROCHESTER, N, Y., DECEMBER 17, 1859.
TO AGENTS, SUBSCRIBERS &OC.
AN Agent asks if the money sent to secure Christmas Gifte
or Gratuities (offered in Ruzat and Circular,) must reach
To which
we reply it is only necessary to be mailed —“' remitted,” as
our office or be mailed previous to Christmas,’”
we sald in the offer—no matter if it does not reach us until a
‘Week or more afterwards, In our offer we said ‘'remitting
previous to Christmas day," as Ubristmas comes on Sunday
this year—but in order to give all competitors an opportu-
nity to have the Holiday to complete thelr lists, we will
extend the time, and say remitting (ynailing) on or before
the 26th of December, (the day which will be celebrated as
Christmas.)
As there are fifty-three Saturdays this year, we shall issue
no Runau on the Bist inst. Every yearly subscriber will
receive his full quota—rirty-TWo xuMpERS— and of course
none will expect us to exceed the usual limit of a complete
Yolume, The odd week will enable us to change type, &c.,
and get our Mailing Machine (Dick's Patent Mailing Dis-
patch) into operation for the new yolume, We think Sub-
scribers, Agents and Post-Masters will all like the new
process of printing the names of subscribers, as it will be
more speedy and accurate—saving the cye-sight of P. M.'s
and their assistants, and enabling us to mall our large
edition with more promptness.
Tr is reported at Vienna that an autograph
letter of the Emperor would soon be published,
which will annul sll the restrictions imposed
since 1851 on the Jews in Austria, and enabling
them to be the possessors of landed property.
Aw officer in the English army, who was with
his regiment in India during the whole period of
the late revolt, returned to his home during the
last month, and the morning of his arrival the
postman brought to him a letter which was mailed
in May, 1857, which had been following him for
two years and a half, and which had only that
mornivg reached him in the same place where it
was mailed, and in the presence of the person who
wrote it. .
Tue Revolutionary according to official
accounts furnished to the Brifish Parliament, cost
Great Britain 43,633 men, exclusive of officers,
and $645,615,455.
Tuere is a horse in the regiment of the 11th
Hussars of the English army, which has attained
the remarkable age of thirty years. By the horse
register itis shown that he joined the army asa
four-year old on the 2d of October, 1883 ; was sent
to the Crimea in 1854, and was present in all the
actions, including Balaklava, in which that regi-
ment was engaged, being one of the very few
horses who survived the exposure of that winter.
He is still, in 1859, in good health, and fit for
duty,
Kansas has become a formidable rival to Illinois
as a ‘land of refuge’ to the unbappy mated. The
divorce law is a wide open gate to single blessed-
ness, and one Judge has recently granted 25 peti-
tions at one setting. It revuires only twenty days
residence,
Our published terms will be strictly adhered to, and no
‘one has any authority from us to offer the Rona at less than
our rates, The Rorat is nof a “dollar paper,’ as #1,25 is
the Zowest club rate, even if a thousand copies are taken.
We have no traveling agents for the Runat, but depend
“bpon local agents and clubs.
‘E27 Please forward names of subscribers for 1860 fast as
convenient, as we are already ¢yping the list for Malling
Machine. All who compete for first lists, as offered, are
informed that there is yet time, Those competing for the
‘Christmas Gifts are advised (in answer to Inquiries) that
ey can send on part of thelr lists now, and remit pay
the remainder) on or before tre 26th inetant.
"2 See Terms, Special Notices, &c.,-on last paze—and
offer of Gratuities, &c,, in previous numbers,
>
DOMESTIC NEWS.
.
Congressional News. _
Sevare.—In our Jast we announced the intro-
duction in the Senate, by Mr. Mason, of Virginia,
of a resolution to inquire into the Harper's Ferry
affuir, and also an amendment by Mr. Tavuncut,
of jis, to extend the investigation to the
wing a the Arsenal in Missouri, at the time of
the Kansas excitement. This resolution opened
the subject of slavery, which was discussed with
“great freedom and tolerable good temper, (tar and
feathers only being threatened by one Senator,)
until Thursday evening, the Sth, when the Senate
adjourned until Monday. &
_ Hovse.—The subject of slavery was introduced
eee first hour of its session, by an
nan anti-slavery book called the /mpend-
ing Orisis of the South, written by a Mr. Heese
a en of North Carolina, and which had Beant
ended by several persons, members of the
Then followed a violent denun-
nd ull who recommended it,
jing, and other follies which
4, and with which we
S. Wonld it not be well
Dorixo the present year nearly adozen churches
of different denominations have been destroyed by
fire within the limits of the State of Massachusetts.
Some of these it is known were set on fire by
incendiaries. The loss of so many buildings of
the same character, in one locality, in so short a
a time, is unparalleled.
A cpanpson of Tecumseh is now living in
Natghez, Miss. He isa well educated and accom-
plished gentleman, having traveled over a great
part of Europe, and is 81 be an excellent
physician. He derived the secret of the curative
powers of many herbs from his grandmother,
who was a “medicine” woman.
Tun Eng ish Chapel in Geneva, Switzerland, is
the reh in that city in which the service
for some agriculturi
on
is endo ed in the English language. ly
prayer for the President of the United States has
been introduced into the service.
. ‘=
— — =
RAL HEW -
teen, who blacks boots fora
living at the reilway station in Boston, has travel-
ed through nearly every State in the Union,
achieving his passage from place to place by
ingratiating himself with railroad conductors and
agents. He has just returned from St. Louis, the
entire expense trip being 85 cents.
A nurupine is erected at Peoria which will cover
three acres of land all under one roof. Itis for
the manufacture of pottery, and will constitute
tha largest establishment for that business in the
world.
Tue medical men in England gay that vaccina-
tion is becoming ineffective; the virus used for
vaccination haying never been renewed since
Jenner's time.
| A renninue prairie fire swept over fifteen miles
of Jasper county, Towa, a few days ago, The
Newton Press states that it destroyed one man’s
house, stable, stacks, and two horses; the orchard
and nursery of Mr. Newell; the stabling, stacks,
and 800 bushels of corn belonging to John Houk,
and barns and other property of A. W. McDonald,
and an immense amount of fencing.
In Leghorn, recently, a remarkable scene took
place. For the first time, the Jews of that city of-
fered up a prayer for a Christian Prince, and in-
yoked the blessing of Heaven upon Victor
Emmanuel, King of Sardinia. At the first word,
the three thousand Jews present rose to their feet,
and remained standing until the close of the
prayer, to which they all responded with an oyer-
whelming “Amen,”
‘Tire last legislature passed an aet directing so
much of the State lands lying adjacent to the
prison at Sing Sing, as were not necessary for the
purpose of that institution, to be sold at public
auction, under the direction of the Inspectors of
Prisons. Accordingly, the Inspectors sold about
60 acres last week. The sale brought $34,280 95.
The lands sold haye heretofore been leased from
year to year, at a rental of ebout $300 a year.
Tr was stated by 4 leading dentist of Chicago, in
arecentaddress to li/s brethren thatthe annual value
of gold plate and leaf used in the United States
for the replacing and repair of defective teeth, is
$2,250,000. This is a fact that tests the existence
of a high civilization and a good deal of toothache
in this blessed land.
Suprerranean Fores7s.—The Racine (Wiscon-
sin) Advocate states that in digging for water in
sloughs throughout the whole town of Yorkville,
Racine county, traces of dense tamarack forests
are found, and generally in a leaning direction,
their tops towards the southwest, as though some
mighty flood had suddenly overwhelmed them,
Intenestinc Postan Decistox.—P. M. General
Holt has recently decided on interesting and novel
question, A husband who had been separated
from his wife, demanded that his village Post-
master should deliver her letters to him, and
threatened a suit at luw if his demand was nut
complied with. The wife, on the other hand, for-
bade the delivery of her letters to her huss +rd
In these circumstances, the Postmaster ann».
to Mr. Holt for instructions. That geo
pronounces the claim advanced by the hn«band
too preposterous to be seriously refuted—indeed,
he says it is abhorrent to law as it is to the Cbrist-
fan civilization of the age—and he directs the
Postmaster to deliver the letters to the wife.
CairorniA Gotp.—The shipments of gold from
California so far this year, greatly exceed those of
any previous year for thesame time. Asnearas
can be ascertained, the yield of gold from the Cal-
ifornia mines, exceeds sixty millions of dollars per
annum, and this year the product, it is confidently
predicted, will be at least eighty millions. This
would seem to conclusively establish the inex-
haustible character of the mines and their aug-
menting richness.
BankinG Perris 1s GeorciA.—Banking is likely
to be girt with perils in Georgia. The Governor
of that State, in his recent message, recommends
a revision of the criminal code, to the end that a
suspension of specie payment by any bank of
Georgia shall be deemed conclusive evidence of
fraud on the part of the President and Directors,
and punishes the officers of the bank for it, by im-
prisonment in the Penitentiary, without permit-
ting them to show that it was not a fraud.
Manntace or Cousins.—Gov. Magoffin, of Ken-
tucky, recommends the Legislature of that State
to prohibit by law, under severe penalties, the
marriage of cousins, He gays that the imbeciles,
insane, deaf mutes and blind in the different esy-
lums of that State, who are the offspring of cous-
ins, is from sixteen to twenty per cent. of the
whole number; and he claims that it is the right
and duty of the State to protect herself against the
evil and expense by forbidding such unions, which
nature plainly forbids by the natural penalty she
uniformly inflicts.
Tne Great Easteny 4 Farture.—The London
correspondent of the Boston Fvst, writing about
the mammoth steamship, makes use of the follow-
ing language:—“The Great Eastern has flam-
muxed! The leading journal records its trial
trip as ‘only a partial success.’ We all know
what that means. She rolls like @ porpoise ora
log canoe, the decks leak, the iron plates don’t fit,
the decorations crumble and disappear, and—the
worst remains behind—she can only go alittle
more than half the speed that was expected of
her! ‘The very best that can be got of her under
the most favorable circumstances of wind, water
and coal, is thirteen miles an hour. So say some
knowing engineers who were on board, and who
wished and hoped the most favorable results,
There is no disguising it. The great hull is
worth all it would bring for old iron.”
Naw York Coxaerce.—The amount of imports
at New Yorkin October was $15,617,976 against
$15,542,084 for October 1858. Exports, $18,832,-
260—of which one half was specie. Total imports
for ten months, $21,262,116, being alarge increase
upon 1858, buta slight increase over 1857. Ex-
ports for the ten months, $118,005,227. Duties
received, $88,883,700,08. The imports since Jan.
Ist have been larger than for the corresponding
ten months of i rious year upon record,
Daring toe a tbe on rehouse was ‘de-
creased a little over three-qui fa million,
ed
roan
ae
_ FOREIGN NEWS.
Gnoear Bairaix.—Lord Cowley, the British Am-
bassador to France, had arrived in London, and it
is reported that his mi
mpion was to ley before the
English Government @ proposal from the Prench
Government for a simultaneous disarmament by
England and France; but it seems that the English
Government have no idea of decreasing the stren gth
and effieiency of the army, for we have news by the
same mail that the nglish nl in had de-
cided upon making a considerable ini in the
army, by the formation of a second battalion to
each of the regiments up to and including the 21st,
by which means an increase equivalent to eleven
regiments will be obtained. The London Post
says this measure ought to excite no surprise,
when the small amount of the British army iscom-
pared with the extent of territory which it has to
occupy, and the drafts necessary for India and
China,
The Morning Advertiser states that it is the in-
tention of the Government to limit the intended
Reform Bill to the mere extension of the franchise,
The question of disfranchisement, and the mode of
taking the yotes, are either to be deforred or made
Separate measures,
France.—The cases of death from cholera in the
French army, during the twenty days’ campaign
against the French tribes of Morocco, is 2,106.
The French Government was forming large de-
pots of coal to provide against the inconveniences
that might result from any future war, from coal
being declared contraband of war.
Several official paragraphs had been dispatched
to the provincial journals, encouraging the im-
pression that the Emperor had charged Lord Cow-
ley to represent to her Brittanic Majesty his wil-
lingness to promote a general disarmament in
Europe.
It is reported on what is considered good author-
ity, that the French papers are restrained in their
expressions against England.
Inaty.—General Garibaldi had quitted Nice for
Genoa. Before his departure he addressed the in-
habitants of Nice, and said: ‘‘I shall resume my
command when necesgary. Letus beunitedunder
Victor Emanuel. Let us continue under arms as
long as an inch of Italian soil remains oppressed.”
The Sardinian Government had add) HOMESTEAD
jew York. sent
E, Rochester, N,
.
‘We say it first when car hearts a6 645;
‘When our life’s young sky is blue and bright,
And we dream the morping hours away
With never # thought of the coming right
\ Bye-and-bye” we will win of fame ~
Some Jofty niche in her temple high,
The world shall ring with our honored name
§ Jn the years that are coming “ bye-and-bye,”*
But time rolls onward and hope delays
Her flattering promises to fulfill,
Yet we list to her song of the fature days,
And, trusting as ever, believe her still
We have no sight for the swift-winged hours
’ ‘That ere filtting by us go allently,—
‘We are looking still for the thornlees flowers
"That we are to gather ‘ bye-and-bya”
‘Years remorselessly speed away,
{. Stealing the bloom from the faded cheek,
Streaking the sunny locks with gray,
I But never bringing the good we seek,
| “Till weary of sorrow the aching breast
But longs in the quiet grave to lie,
And only aighs for the dreamlees rest
‘That shall be {ts portion “ bye-and-bye.”
Here in our chrysalis state we lie,
Shaping wings for a heavenly birth,
‘And the spirit that fain would mount and fis,
Is bound by life’s pitiful creeds to earth;
q But soon or iate shall its chains be riven,
We shall gein the knowledge for which we sigh,
Why much was witbheld and litle given,—
©. We shall know God’s reasons ‘‘ bye-and-bye.”
[Springfield Republican,
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
JUDITH.
BY CAROLINE A. HOWARD.
I nave not painted much of late years. Whena
man gets towards the sixties, if he has enything
like a competency, he begins to haye a partiality
for good dinners and arm-chairs.
Is art less attractive than in my more enthu-
siastic youth? Notabit of it! On the contrary,
I think I am 4 more sincere worshiper at her
shrine, since the munificence of Fortune has
enabled me to regard her only with the highest
devotion, and not as one compelled to seek her
through motives of self-interest.
Yes, it does take a little from the romance of
artist-life, to feel the harsh hand of Necessity
continnally nrging tm new efforts, bidding you
Goin your bright fancies into money if you would
haye bread. But it does not take away all the
beauty and charm. Som of my happiest days
have been passed in this very city, in a little house
on C—— street.
I was not alone; my little wife was the sweetest,
st charming company which I could have. To
owe some of my best efforts and highest
fe ms. Our house was small, though sufli-
for our simple wants. The lightest and most
rfal room was used for my studio, and to it
my Nevuie used to bring her sewing end sit with
me while I worked away upon the canvas, with
occasional pauses for her approval and sugges-
tions.
Here we are at the door. You look around and
smile. I dare say you are thinking of the contrast
between my present residence and that to which I
have just alluded. Well, there is a contrast, but
thank Heaven! I believe that hopeful perseve-
Trance and prudence have made it all my own.
If you will walk into the back parlor I will show
‘ou a painting which I haye preserved as a
ecto of those old struggling days. My wife
calls it hers, and as she bas always prized it very
highly, I have refused numerous offers to part
with the original, but have made several copies
of it. I have seen various representations of the
Same subject, but never any just like this. Let
Mme open the blinds that you may have a good
light upon it. There!
And I stood before it. Rather it stood before
me, so life-like was it in form and coloring. It
was full length, and nearly filled the little niche in
which it hung, The scene was a midnight land-
e, over which the rays of the full moon threw
" Otcasional gleams of light from scattered masses
of cloud. Lying here and there in the shadows
_ Were the tents of Hororenyxs’ army, while in the
foreground appeared the more gorgeous tent of
the commander, The moon, once more emerging,
threw its clear radiance directly upon it, bringing
into bold relief the figure of Junin, as she lifted
and held it for her hand-
ure, from which a rich em-
in graceful folds, almost
elicate, sandalled feet. The form
| | of the maid was just visible in the interior of the
tent, bearing upon her shoulders the bag which
contained the head of Hororernes. Jupivs, half
turned to hasten her tardy footsteps, bringing to
ger her beautiful, almost fearful face, in which
40 many emotions contended for the mastery.
My feeble pen may not attempt perfectly to
lescribe that face. The glossy dark hair was
brushed plainly back from the low, smooth brow,
and gathered in braided bands, confined with gold
nd jewels. The eyes, dark and piercing, gleamed
with a triumphant light, telling of the proud,
defiant spirit Within, Yet, above those bold,
eyes lay a line of long and silky lashes which
jow their flashings could be subdued at will
t into softest pleadings. The nose, like
arrow at its rise
base, Ackeilite
‘age
he mouth Was small and crimson,
and in smiles t have added to the rather con-
‘sual softness of the rounded chin and cheeks; but
W it curled and stiffened with contempt and
ngth of will, A faint flush stained the clear
)| interest in this striking
olive complexion, and betrayed the eogerne!
the intent which was eo nearly consummated.
After dinner my host etill farther increased my
painting by relating to me
ait of my recollection,
piece upon the easel par! I put
hed, ah
that aside and hastily sketched a BL Thad
studied the Jewish features carefully ; they always
interested me. The picture which had brought
me the highest price of any which I' had yet
painted, was a Wandering Jew, which, strangely
enongh, was bought by Fanquas, the Jew exchange
broker.
‘At first, I sketched a head, representing in the
face the emotions of Jupita when bending over
the couch ofher victim before thedeed. Batit was
too vegue. Then I took a half length, but had no
beiter success. I was feeble and excitable, and
after spending days, which grew into weeks, in this
way, I was nearly determined to give up and take
my wife into the country to her father’s until J
should be strong and well egain.
I had sat down one day for o Jast attempt, and
with a sad heart and cloudy brow was working
busily, when Neuriz, who had gone out to take thi
air inastroll upon Broadway, rashedin preathlecdl
and seizing a fan, began, in her lively way, to
recount her adventures.
“0, Lawnencs! it is so warm, and I am so out
of breath! Iwalked so fast, I wasin such e hurry
to tellyou! I've seen a model for your Jupita!
If yon can only get her! In a lace store in Canal
street! O, you must go!”
In short, as Newvie related more calmly when
she had leisure to collect her thoughts, she had
entered a lece store on Cana! street to make a few
purchases, and been waited upon by a French
girl who bed struck her fancy so much that I must
see her without delay, and if possible induce her
to sit for her portrait.
Had we been in Paris instead of New York, such
@ proceeding would not haye been unusual, but I
felt that, as it was, there were some difficulties in
the way. To ask a young women to perform such
a service would require tact, and that of which I
had less—money to pay her handsomely.
However, to gratify my wife, I walked out with
her next day, and we paid a visit to the might be
Jupire. I was delighted. Neu had an artist's
eye, and in this instanceit was atrue one. I need
not describe the girl. Look at the painting,—im-
agination hasdonebutlittle. But howto approach
her wasthequestion. Nevuizinsisted that [should
leave that to ber, and thus she managed it, rortune
favoring.
She called frequently, and always contrived to
see and speak with the girl, whose reserve grad-
ually wore off before her lively frankness. She
found that Exise Denwgzap embroidered for the
store in which she was employed, and also for any
who wished her services. Having at that time
some delicate work on hand she gave a part of it
toher todo. When she had finished it she came
to the house, and Nevuir, wishing to gratify her,
showed her over my studio. She displayed so
much appreciation and good sense, that I was
quite surprised, and gaye her an inyitation to
come whenever she felt inclined. I showed her
my unfinished Jopiru, and by skillfully painting
out her resemblance to the character intended, I
payed the way for asking her to sit for me once or
twice. I watched her closely, and saw that she
was flattered. The vanity of the French woman
was © strong trait in her, which her expressive
countenance could not conceal. Forgetting her
reserve, she expressed her sense of the honor with
true French yivacity, and promised to come as
ofien as I pleased. The press of business would
not allow her to come at present unless in the
evening, but she hoped to be at leisure soon.
Such was the interest which she had awakened
in my wife’s kind, sympathizing heart, that we
soon learned her story. An orphan, she had left
her native land and found employment in New
York, first as a milliner’s epprentice, then as a
seamstress and nursery-maid, until she had taken
the place in which we found her. She had been
there two years, and possessing the confidence of
her employers, was able to support herself com-
fortably. She boarded, with several others of her
class, in a respectable house in a quiet street, and
though she led a lonely and laborious life, she
seemed happy and contented.
She was but nineteen years of age, and though
educated in the harsh school of poverty, possessed
4 natural refinement and simplicity truly pleasing,
No one could converse with her without feeling
assured of the purity of her mind. We admired
her, but we sometimes trefbled for her as we
noticed the deep-seated and natural vanity of her
disposition, with that confiding affection which
timidity only covered with reserve.
Finding that I should be delayed inthe painting,
I worked upon my historical piece, and had the
Tare good fortune to find a haser for it before
winter set in,
Eise sat for me twice, sittings of an hour each,
in about « fortnight after her first visit, and the
picture was fuirly commenced. Neve sat near
her, and they beguiled the time with conversation
about herself, her trials and hopes, all of which
Nerue drew from her with an ezrneat desire to
understand, and, if possible, benefit her. She
seid she had few friends beyond three girls with
she was thrown in contact, and whom she
cared little to Know. She was acquainted
with of their customers, who had always
peen kind, and those with whom she had lived had
always taken a lively interest in her welfare.
She possessed 9 truefriend ina lady in Brooklyn,
for whom she had formerly worked. Mrs. Attew
and her children often came in their carriage to
the store, and last summer, when she
had vacation,
they invited her to stay severs! deys with them.
There she met ile Auzey’s brother, a man
Dabmeenbitty and for! yet of age, and, as she
very Denerolent, intelligent and
P |
ooklyn was a am spot in
her life, for she dwelt upon it with evident plea-
sure. She said L1x Fowxer, the brother,
had called at the store several times to leave
m his sister, and once or twice had
left + or eome choice fruit for her at ber
boarding a He was 0 kind and thoughtful
of those less fuvored than himself,
I gave her 6 few sharp, questioning glances
when she spoke of this acquaintance, but she stood
them without flinching. Evidently she knew her
place, and regarded him as an indulgent friend,
whom she considered too old, as well as too far
above her, to appesr in any other light.
Some time elapsed, during which we saw noth-
ing of her, and upon inquiry, Nexuie learned that
sbe was sick, She visited her at her boarding
place, and was glad to find that other friends bad
cared for and attended her. Mrs. Arren was
awey spending the summer, but her brother, who
did business in the city, had been unremitting in
his attentions. »
Netti said that had he been a lover, rather
than a generons friend, be could not have been
kinder than he seemed tohaye been. Exrse spoke
of him with tears, calling him her best friend.
Some how, Nerite said, she felt uneasy, and did
not half like this very kind Mr. Fowxer,
One day, after Biise began to recover, we were
walking out, and suddenly turning a corner, we
met her seated in a chaisé by the side of Mr.
Fowxer, as we supposed. She saw nsand blushed
deeply—for just ss we met them he was bending
over her, apparently speaking in a low tone.
Something in his]ook and air struck me unfayora-
bly, and as we walked on I told my wife that she
must speak to Exise, and, if possible, ascertain her
exact position towards him. It seemed to me
very like a courtship. Too like for a man of
wealth and of the world to seem towards a poor
shop-girl.
When next Neviie called to see her, Prise
acknowledged that he had several times taken her
toride. The doctor had ordered wine for her and
adyised her to ride ont. How could she get such
Jnxuries as these unless provided by some friend?
But Newtie urged that they should come from
others; that it was not well to receive them at
his hands. Menwereseldom £o disinterested. In
yain she cautioned; D1ise hed perfect faith in his
honor. He was so good, so thoughtful. Was he
not Mrs, Axuen’s brother? She would have
warned her had there been aught amiss in her
receiving his kindness. Fearful of wounding her
innocent and unsuspecting heart, Nevure said no
moré—but il) at ease, awaited a more favorable
time, resolving, if possible, to aseertain something
more of this man.
Though paler and thinner than before, Eris
once more consented to sit for me, end the picture
It was nearly marked ont, and I
was anxious to finish itin time for the January ex-
hibition. Exiss was to have a vacation in August,
and we had planned a little recreation for her in a
visit with my wife to her father’s farm up the East
River.
I had been over in the neighborhood of Newark
for afew days, sketching with one or two other
artists, end was returning on the ferry boat, when
I noticed, leaning carelessly upon the railing,
Mr, Ferrx Fowrer. 1 directed young Norwoop's
attention to him, asking if he knew him. He
knit his brow, looked sharply at him, and then
catching Mr. Mansuavy by the arm, said—‘“ Hey!
Mansuatt, isn’t that that fast Fowrer who drives
such fine horaes?”
Mansnat assented, and turning again to me,
Norwoop added—‘‘ He is a queer being, so they
say. Nothing very bad, only he never did any-
thing for himself but drive horses and spend
money. A few years ago he married an heiress,
expecting thereby to have plenty at his command,
but he was mistaken there. He couldn’t touch a
cent of her property, so he quarreled with her and
she went back to her home in New England. He
is quite a Iady-killer, they say.”
I had heard enough; he was a married man!
He was, too, as I expected, a designing and
unscrupulous man. I hastened home, feeling that
no time should be lost in warning Exise, who, I
was sure, supposed him to be a bachelor. I was
right in supposing that Mrs. Aven had not deémed
it necessary to allude to his unhappy marriage,
neyer dreaming that he would pursue his acquain-
tance with Exise, or dare to give it her sanction.
She was probably entirely ignorant of his visit to
the girl.
Nexuie was horrified at the news which I had
heard, and would have hastened to find Exise with-
out delay, but I deemed it best to wait until the
next day. On the next morning, just as she was
about setting out, a note was bronght toher. It
was from Exise, and informed her that she had
gone into the country to spend her vacation with
an elderly lady, an aunt of Mr. Fowzer's, who had
kindly written to inyite her, Mr. Fowrer had
escorted her, she said, and she was delighted with
the place, so quiet and retired. She knew she
should be quite well ere she returned to the city.
She added that she would write again before her
return, but she omitted to give the name of the
place to which she had gone. .
We could not but feel anxious, and had Mrs.
Auten returned to Brooklyn, I should certainly
have called upon her to learn her feelings in the
matter. But she had not returned and I had
not her address.
The two weeks passed away and still Eiiza did not
return. At the end of that time my wife received
aleiter from her. There was something touching,
almost sad in that letter, something which spoke
of a change in the simple-hearted girl. She wrote
with an evident effort to bo clieerful and happy,
and wished Nexue to go to her employers and say
that she had been unavoidably detained over her
time, but would soon return. To us she hinted
that she thought the time near when she should
leave the store altogether for & home of her own.
Referring to her benefactor 08 she called him, she
seid—“ He bas been here more than a week, sick,
or rather eiling, and I hare taken care ofhim,
felt it my duty to stay with him, as the lady with |
whom J am visiting keeps but one servant, By
wont on again,
the not Mr. Fowuun’s aunt bat an old
ae of his. I must have misunderstood him.
(e came out to see her and was taken ill, so he
has lingered. Ah! well the hours have gown all
too swiftly.” . ;
From the tone of this letter we feared that our
wors' icions were in a fair way to be realized,
A few days brought Exiza once more
house. She was looking happier, mor
than ever. I dreaded to dash
ground, for it was evident on y
were founded. The picture of
finished, and in a gay mood she seated hers:
she said, for me to
afew last touches, sitice ea
was so improved in appearance all her friends
said. We inquired for Mr. Fowren, and she said
he brought her home, but was soon going to Bos-
ton and Philadelphia,
Ere she left, my wife privately and earnestly
besought her to give her her confidence. She
confessed that Mr. Fowzer had given her proofs
of his love, though they were as yet not engaged.
Her confidence in him was perfect, Neue then
told her as gently as possible, what we had heard
of him. She flew into a passion on the instant,
declaring it to be afoul slander, and finally, with a
burst of tears, she went away almost angry with
Newue for telling her.
Mr. Fowrer left town, and for some days we
saw nothing of Pxise, and supposed that her petty
anger kept her away. Newt called at the store,
but found she had left there for another situation,
We began to feel anxious on her account, and
only waited Mrs, Avten’s return to lay our
fears before her. We hoped to find Exise again
and convince her that we were truly her friends, but
we relinquished that hope when, one day in the
early Autumn, my wife returned from a walk, say-
ing that she had seen some one upon one of the
Avenues, whom she was confident was Pxise but
as she turned to cross, the female saw her, drew
down her veil and disappeared. She evidently
wished to avoid her,
The first of November we paida visit to Mrs.
Auten’s and without reserve related the incidents
ofthe Summer. She seemed much shocked at our
Suspicions, and admitted that her brother’s con-
duct had not always been satisfactory, but that
she was certain that in this matter he had merely
been inconsiderate. She feared that Exisz though
innocent, was very weak minded, and bad been
led by her vanity to miscorstfue Mr. Fowxer's
attentions. She further informed us that her
brother intended going to Europe in the spring,
and that there were hopes that a reconciliation
with his wife was about to take place. Unsatisfac-
tory as this was, it was all we could do for the
present. Thus we heard no more of Exrss for
three or four months,
My picture entered the exhibition, attracted
much attention, and I had numerous opportuni-
ties to sell it. This I was unwilling to do, and
orders for duplicates came in as rapidly as I
should be able to execute them during the current
year,
It was one chilly evening in February thet my
wife and I were sitting by our cosy fireside dis-
cussing my improved prospects, and speculating
upon the fate of one so nearly connected with my
reputation as an artist. Suddenly we heard the
outer door shut violently, and in another moment
Exise stood before us. She dashed her bonnet
from her head, and, standing erect, glared around
the room with restless, suspicious eyes. She was
sadly changed. Her pale face and disordered hair
gaye her a wild expression, with which her
neglected attire, bearing marks of travel, was
strongly in keeping.
“Ttwas true!” shecried “alltrue! Hethovght
to deceive me, but I was too strong for him. Ah!
the villain!” and she laughed a harsh laugh.
“Did you think that I should never find yon?
He was going abroad with his pretty bride to leaye
me here alone, but I found him, and” coming
nearer, she spoke in a cautious whisper, “I’ve
sent bim on alonger journey, and I shall meet him
soon,”
The poor creature would have raved on thus
mere wildly and incoherently than ever, but we
restrained her gently, and having persuaded her
to retire, sent for a physician.
As she turned to leave the room with my wife,
she paused in the door-way, and lifting her
trembling hand shook it at me in an attitude of
defiance, exclaiming—* That last was a dose too
much, but it was not half so bitter as you made
me drink.”
Her expression was at that moment almost
exactly that of Jupiru standing in the door of the
tent, but heightened by life and madness. I felt
as by instinct to whom her words were addressed,
but it was with a start and a thrill of horror that I
beheld in her once beautiful, now distorted pro-
portions, the depth of her betrayal. Alas! for her
the flower of life had perished.
Let me not detain you longer. Ibis only neces-
sary to add that in the hope of freeing herself
from temptation, the poor girl had left the city for
more retired home, but he had traced her out
and succeeded in restoring peace and confidence
between them. We must not speak of her fall
otherwise than to say that it was but as hundreds
have fallen before and since.
When the consequences became apparent, he
resolved to rid himself of the burden at all events,
the more so, that about this time, he had hopes of
a re-union with his wife, and a trip to Europe,
Providing for her temporary wants he left her,
and went to New England, thinking never to see
her again, and ho ang ean to place the broad sea
between them. ith a woman’s quickness she
divined his motives and followed him, not hoping
to reclaim him, but determined to be revenged.
She wrote to him appointing a meeting in Boston,
and fearing exposure he dared not refuse. They
met amicably, and to all PURERrEneS parted so, but
never swerving from her purpose, she hai
mingled poison with his wine, Startled at the
magnitude of her crime, her weak mind gave way,
and feeling only an instinct to fly, she cared not
where, she had come to us.
Gop did not permit the forlorn young creature
tobe her own avenger. The Borate which she
eant showd do the work had failed. He was
Very ill but recovered, and though his friends
knew the immediate cause of his sickness, they
could get no clue from him, so closely did he
t. rm
see ar recovered her reason, but disease at
times overpowered her ravings, anda few short
months terminated her sufferings, “
ower lives, @ prominent civ af this city.
I do not doubt that you have seen him. Hither
the influence of his wife or the fearful experience
of that year, changed him somewhatfor the better.
He is an old man now, but the world has seeming-
ly forgotten the follies and sins of his early man-
hood, 7. he is held in respect by many:
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“QHAWMUT MILLS” ROCHESTER — We con-
» tinne to do CUSTOM GRINDING at the lowest rates,
and haying improved the machinery of our mill for that
purpuse, we pledge ourselyes to give full satisfaction to all
customers,
‘We have for sole at all times, wholesale and retail, the
best and most reliable brands of Flour. Also, Corn Meal,
Rye Flour Mil Feed and Screenings at the lowest prices,
and we solicit the attention of the farming community,
510-14 JAS. M, WHITNEY & Co.
Brown's Race, Rochester, Sept, 25, 1859.
WOoORCESTER’S
PIANOFORTE MANUFACTORY & WAREROOMS,
Corner Fourteenth Street & Third Avenue.
JH, WORCESTER olfers for sale a large assortment of
choice
PIANO FORTES,
from 6 to 7) octaves, in elegant rosewood cases, all of
Which are manufactured under his own supervision, and
are for sale on reasonable terms.
By devoting his personal attention to the touch and tone
of bis instruments; which have hitherto been considered
unrivaled, he will endeavor to maintain thelr preylous
reputation, and respectfally solicits an examination from
the profession, amateurs, and the public. 507-7teow
UANO.—We would call the attention of Guano Deal-
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on hand and for sale at THIRTY PER CENT. LESS THAN
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any Guano or fertilizer ever imported or manufactured in
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matter, yielding ammonia suffisient to produce immediate
ny
to J B. SARDY, Agent
No. 68 South st, corner of Wall st,
N AKEH YOUR OWN SOAP.
SAPONTETEEH:
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E.R. DURKEE & CO.,
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Bold everywhere. 600-25
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2
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‘appropriate and beautiful Engrayings, than any other jour-
nal,—rendering it the most complete AanicuLTURAL, Lir-
ERARY AND FaMiLy Newsrarer in America.
Fon Tenus and other particulars, see last page,
CLOSE OF THE YEAR AND VOLUME,
And of first Ten Years of the Rural New-Yorker,
Tex Yeans! How long a period—the seventh
of a life-time of full “three score and ten” —and
yet how swiftly has it passed, bringing us to
another and important mile-sione in the cycls of |
Time! A decade of years has the Ruran New-
Yonxer existed, and, thanks to its myriad friends,
annually progressed and triumphed—augmenting
in circulation and usefulness as it increased in
‘age and the vigor and strength of maturity. And
now it becomes our duty, for the tenth time, to
indite a closing article for the Year and Volume.
How hackneyed the theme, yet what emotions
arise and what thoughts are awakened on an
occasion so interesting and important. Our first
emotion is one of gratitude — a sincere aspiration
of thanksgiving to Him who ‘“‘doeth all things
well”’—that we have not only been permitted to
live and labor, but to see the fruition of our most
sanguine hopes in regard to an enterprise which
‘was neither commenced or continued on selfish
principles, and to witness a remarkable advance
in the great cause of Rural ‘Progress and Im-
provement” which this journal has zealously,
constantly, and we trust successfully, sought to
promote. This is not an age of miracles, yet how
wonderful, almost miraculous, have been the
changes, the inventions, the progress and improyve-
ments of the past deoade in nearly eyery depart-
ment — Mental, Moral and Physical. Would that
time and space, and memory and power, permitted
@ proper enumeration of even what has come
under our own observation in only one department
—the advancement of Improvement in Rural
Affairs and matters connected therewith. But
‘we must omit o discussion of this pleasant theme,
and turn our attention to more timely topics —
" matters pertinent to the occasion and season.
For five hundred and twenty weeks, and during
the publication of that number of issues of the
Rourat New-Yorker, it has been our earnest,
constant and conscientious endeavor to faithfully
discharge our duty to all in any wise interested or
affected—Individuals, Families, Community and
morals or yitiating the taste of a single individual.
This was our standard, an elevated and laudable
one—perhaps too fastidious to suit the popular
taste—but we resolved to adhere to it, and, if nec”
essary, “learn to labor and to wait” long years for
that success and reward which we firmly believed
would eventually crown well-directed and per-
sistent efforts for the achievement of laudable
objects. And we were obliged to thus labor and
wait for years—ignoring ease and pleasure, sacri-
ficing health, and sinking thousands of dollars,
and even the last dollar we possessed,—before the
Rorat New-Yorxer reached a “paying basis,”
though, meantime, it paid thousands of its read-
ers, and us in the consciousness of benefiting
others and promoting a noble cause. Though
this was a period of trial and sacrifice, we never
wavered for a moment or lost our faith in the
cause espoused, or those to whom we looked for
support;—in yulgar parlance, our pluck toas
always good and courage 96 to the inch. And the
result, as already intimated, has thus far— for we
looked ten years ahead in the outset—fully real-
ized our early anticipations.
Tn adversity and prosperity, through good and
eyil report—and notwithstanding the base imita-
tions in name, style and manner, and subsequent
exhibitions of envy and jealousy, of some of its
contemporaries — the Rorau New- Yorker has
pursued the even tenor of its way, always calling
things by their right names, exposing and con-
demning what it believed to be Wrong, and
defending and advocating the Right, under alt
circumstances and regardless of the frowns or
| favors of individuals or associations. It has ever
relied upon its infrinsic merit for support, and
nererasked-or-reucired-o-doltar of patronage as
such, from any individual or society —nor’has it
ever been in any wise connected with any business
which could be promoted through the use of its
pages, or the pufling of which therein would
detract from its independence or reliability on
any subject connected with the business of those
whose interests it advocates. This is one great
secret of its power and success with those who
think aright—for the great mass of intelligent
men and women of this land believe in honesty,
not only as the best policy, but as the best princi-
ple in practice and action.
The Rurau New-Yorker is not, and we trust
never will be, a favorite with those speculators
and swindling sharpers whose chief labor of life
is to prey upon and into the pockets of the inno-
cent and confiding of all classes, annually deplet-
ing the purses and abusing the confidence of
thousands of unsuspecting persons throughout
the country. Our pages prove that these martyrs,
who would fain sacrifice themselves in teaching
the people how to acquire wealth (and wisdom ?)
with remarkable ease and celerity, owe us nothing
in love or money. Nor is this journal a special
favorite with the would-be savans and self-styled
professors who make great pretensions in various
branches of science connected with Rural Affairs,
but who have only a moiety of the knowledge,
ability or experience possessed by many of its con-
tributors. Agricultural Improvement gains little
—may lose much—from the pretentious displays of
men who really know little, practically or thor-
oughly, yet kindly condescend to teach by precept
the science and practice of Agriculture to those
who are their seniors in both years and experience,
But the Runat is a favorite with tens of thousands
of intelligent, progressive and enterprising culti-
vators all over the land—not only in our own
highly favored ‘Empire State,” but throughout
the Country. Starting with a consciousness of the rich valleys and prairies of the West, the steep
the great responsibility assumed, and humbly
realizing our inability in many respects, we
resolved to make a vigorous and persistent effort
to establish in the heart of the best cultivated and
Populated Rural District of America a WEEKLY
Agricultural and Family Journal which should be
Honest, Independont and Reliable. We had beard
much cant about the necessity of great genius and
talent and science and capital in such a sphere of
journalism, but believed that Pluck, Industry,
Principle and Energy were the first requisites,
and indispensable to a success worth achieving in
such an enterprise as we had undertaken, Com-
paratively young, and hence hopeful, sanguine of
fature success, in benefiting others at least—confi-
dently believing that those whose interests we
advocated would eventually appreciate our efforts
—we determined, against the advice of our best
friends, to venture our all (financially,) and devote
Years of untiring labor in an endeavor to establish
upon a firm basis, ned Rogar, Lirenary
and Pawiny News. wh should excel in
merit and useful:
and rocky hills of New England, the naturally
fertile sections of the “Old Dominion” and other
localities of the sunny South, and in the better
portions of the British Provinces at the North.
From the Atlantic to the Pacific, and from Canada
to the Gulf, it is, we are proud to know, a welcome
and entertaining visitor to the Farmer, the Horti-
culturist and the Family Circle—now having a
far Larger Circulation than any similar Journal.
Thus much, and perhaps altogether too much
personally, of the past. Perchance it would have
been better, hed we referred to former volumes of
the Rvnau for its record and position—for with
all the mistakes, and sins of omission and com-
mission, which must be apparent to the discrimi-
nating reader, whatever has appeared in its pages
must pass the ordeal of intelligent, though we
trust, lenient criticism; and the value and char-
acter of the paper in the past must be the criterion.
by which to judge of its future. This is but just
and proper, and we therefore submit and refer to
the record with diffidence and humility—promis-
mm that day to this | ing only that, if life and health are spared, and our
our great aim has been to render this journal j efforts properly seconded by its Correspondents,
eminently Instructive, Useful and Entertaining—
to enhance, so fyras in our power, the Physical
Interests nd Home Happiness of all its readers—
_ Without misleading the judgment, injuring th
Agents and Subscribers, the rorune of the Rurat
New-Yorxer shall be worthy of its past history —
that it shall strive to command and augment the
confidence and support of its myriad of ardent
friends, and those interested in its subjects, in the
East, the West, the North, and the South —and
that the spirit of its glorious Motto, “ Aceleior,”
and laudable Objects, ‘Progress and Improve-
ment,” will continue to be manifested in our efforts
to furnish an unequaled Rorav, Lirerany and
Fairy Newspaper.
oe
THE FARMER A MANUFACTURER,
Every farmer, great or small, is a manufac-
turer. Tn the manufactory which he superintends,
is made butter, cheese, beef, pork, corn, wheat and
potatoes —in fact, all the real necessaries of life,
No other manufacturer is engaged in a work of so
much importance. We could get along without
manufactories of silk, cotton, or woolen goods, but
let the factories that make onr bread and meat
cease to work, and ruin — death in its most horrid
form —vwould stare us in the face. There is no
work that requires more thought and care,—none
that makes greater calls for the exercise of the
highest faculties of the mind, than farming. Tono
man, in any position of life, is a general knowl-
edge of the wonderful laws of nature of more im-
portance than it is to the farmer. Cotton, it is
well known, can be made into cotton cloth, and
wool into blankets and broadcloths; but the great
question with the manufacturer is, how this can be
So done by a judicious selection of materials, and
skillin their manufacture, as to afford a profit over
cost. On his wisdom in this respect depends the
all-important question, whether his business is a
successor a failure, Manure and labor will manu-
failure of the farmer—the fact whether or not he
makes these crops at a profit over cost,
The farmer, like the manufacturer, pursues his
businessto earn a livelihood for himself and family,
and to accumulate a small store for a rainy day.—
No manufacturer would boast of his large produc-
tions, or think he was doing a business that he had
reason to be proud of, if what he made cost all it
was worth in its production. The farmer may
grow sixty or seventy bushels of wheat to the acre,
and proclaim the fact all over the country—obtain
the first premium#for the largest crop grown in the
State or Nation, and the wonderful performance be
heralded through all the papers in the land; yet,
if this large crop cost more in its manufacture
than it would bring in the market, what has been
gained, and who would like to follow such an ex-
ample for a living? The farmer that raised thirty
bushels, at a price that would allow him a fair
profit over cost, would be far more worthy of
praise and imitation, He that can make corn and
wheat at the lowest possible price, and meat and
butter cheaper than his neighbors, is the best far-
mer; it being always understood that he is not
using up his capital—the fertility of his soil.
We can largely increase almost any of our crops
by the use of guano, (and if we believe half the
stories told, by theuse of many patent manures;) the
question is, whether we can use guano in the pro-
duction of crops, at a profit. This must, of course,
depend a good deal upon its price and the value of
the produce. The English farmers find its use
profitable, and to many of our crops it may doubt-
less be applied with advantage, Experiments
alone will give us the necessary light on the
subject.
For some years we haye thought that in the
production of potatoes the prospect was the most
favorable, and a few smull experiments made a
year or two since, rather confirmed us in the
opinion, though the rot sadly interfered with our
arrangements. The/pastsummer we undertook to
investigate this questiona little more thoroughly,
and procured a quantity of Pernvian Guano for
the purpose. This was carefully weighed and
applied at the rate of three hundred and fifty
pounds to the acre. Thb soil was a sandy loam,
Somewhat impoverished by previous cropping.
The guano cost in New York three cents a pound,
and transportation, cartige, &c., nearly one cent
more, making the whole cost about $14. To this
we may add $1 per acre as the cost of applying,
which was much less tha it cost us, on account of
care in weighing the guino for every row, butis
perhaps more than the mcessary cost in ordinary
practice. The increase 0) thescre from the guano,
over that which received none, the soil being pre-
cisely alike, in every respsct, was 73 bushels. The
product from both the manured-and onmanured
land, was both weighed and measured, for the
sake of the greater accujacy. The land also, was
accurately measured, staked off and labeled, The
extra 78 bushels cost for he raw material (guano)
from which they were made, 20 cents per bushel.
The cost of cultivation was the same as though no
guano had been used, and digging and handling
but a trifle more. Potaioes were worth here the
past fall about 40 cents per bushel, so that the
A NEAT POULTRY HOUSE.
Durixe the year we haye given drawings and
descriptions of houses, barns, corn-cribs, and al-
most every other farm building, and now, in the
last number of the volume, present onr readers
with a very pretty and convenient Poultry House,
built by C. N. Bewesz, at Springside, near Pough-
keepsie, of which Mr, B. gives the following de-
scription : :
Tn a sequestered nook, and cluster of trees, on
the sunny side of a high bank, surmounted by
rocks coyered with shrubbery, may be seen the
facture crops to an almost unlimited nt; but foythi Tavely erected’ by the writer =i
on the cost of this manes,.nnd the and mew fowl House, 2erely ere Bley
puse for which 6 a used, depends te tacts or| TESA
foontion was solocted for the pur
tection from the cold northern blasts, and receiy-
ing the warmth and benefit of the Winter’s sun.
The deciduous trees in front being deprived of
their foliage in Winter, admits the full influence
of the sun, and, when in full leaf, to shade and
ward off his searching rays in Summer.
Description.—The elevation, as will be seen in
the figure accompanying this article, is a rather
pretty affair. The centre building, with the gable
to the front, is twelve feet square; eight feet posts.
The roof very steep and surmounted with a kind
of cupola, for the purpose of ventilation and or-
nament; in the bottom of this are two small swing
doors, to close up when necessary. The roof is of
one and-a-quarter inch plank, tongued and grooy-
ed, the joints painted with white lead and battened,
The entire front is of glass, extending to the very
point at the top.
The left wing is a lower edifice, twenty-two feet
long and ten feet wide. The floor, which is of
broken stone covered with fine gravel, is sunk be-
low the surface, two feet in front and eight feet in
the rear. The back wall resting against the bank,
is of stone, twenty inches thick, faced with brick.
The front wall and ends are also of brick. The —
roof has a gentle pitch to the rear, and made of
one-and-a-quarter inch plank, tongued and grooy-
ed, joints painted with white lead before being
laid. The under sides of the rafters are lined with
hemlock boards, the spaces between the rafters
filled with tan, renderingit frost-proof. The front
wall is of brick, and two feet high, on which the
Wood and gash rest, In the base are gratings, to
itair; also above the gluss, and just under the
paces fer voutilation. In very
cold weather these spaces may be closed with
shutters. On the right is a door for entrance, and
on the left is a small one for the egress and ingress
of the fowls. be.
Internal Arrangement,—In the rei
ning the whole length of the room,
of boxes or nests, which are eighteen inches
square, and the same in height. Adjoining the
nest is an apartment of the same size, where the
hen enters to go to her nest, which is latticed in
front, giving air ond apparent secrecy, with which
she seems much pleased. The under tier is about
two feet above the ground floor. The range of
tiers is set out from the back wall ten inches,—
These nests are covered with boards, sloping
down, like the roof of a house, to catch and carry
down the droppings of the fowls from the perches
immediately over, to a trough in the rear. By
this srrangement the manure is all saved, and out
of the way of the fowls. We kept our Spanish
fowls in this house last Winter, without injury by
frost, to their wattles or large combs.
profit from the use of the guano was about $14 to
the acre,
We will not pretend to say that the farmer
cannot, by judicious management, make manure
that will grow potatoes cheaper than by using
guano, but we do say that no one near a good
market like this, can afford to plant, cultivate and
dig an acre of potatoes for 50 or 75 bushels, while
he can add to the product from 60 to 80 bushels
by the use of Peruyian guano that will cost four-
teen or fifteen dollars, When potatoes are low,
from an oyer-supply, or on account of
distance to market, say from 20 to
bushel, of course they cannot be gro’
at a profit; but at 40 cents
can make money by usin; io to increase
crop. ‘,
How the farmer can make corn, wheat, meat,
&c., at the least cost, is the great question which
farmers should investigate. Each one can do
something towards solving this problem. By
keeping the necessary accounts he can tell how
much it costs him per bushel to produce the differ-
ent grains under the different systems of culture,
and the cost per pound of beef and pork under
different systems of feeding. It is such facts as
these, derived from actual experience, that we are
anxious to lay before our readers.
g
,or more, |
IMPORTANCE OF THE HAY CROP.
Tavrye had occasion to travel through the coun-
ties of Wyoming, Allegany, Cattaraugus, Chau-
tauqna, and the south towns of Erie county the
past summer, after the June frost, 1 was particu-
larly struck with the great loss which its destruc-
tion of the grass over all this region had occasioned
to the farmers. In no section of the State was
its severity more marked than in this, nor saw
any other so badly afilicted. Tt will require years
to place the farms in as good condition as they
were on the lat of May.
Its results demonstrate more than ever the great
importance of the ns crop over all others—espe-
cially in the dairy and grazing regions. The hay
raised in 1854, as appears by the census of 1855,
was,
Allegany,..
Cattaraugas, E
Chautangna,.. ~~ 105,672
Sonth Towns of see= 60,000
Wyoming,.... LT) 58}421
.. 04,697 tuns,
62)545
Total tans, 41,276
The rapid increase of stock indicates that the
growth of hay has nearly doubled in the last five
years. But suppose there had been no increase,
not over one-temth of a crop has been made in
these counties. iat involves a loss of over 300,-
00 tuns, which, wt:-$10 per tun, its value to the
in ordinary years, shows a pecuniary loss
‘the farmers of that devoted region of not less
‘than three millions of dollars.
But the loss does not stop here, for the loss of
the hay crop invglves theuriving away from these
counties atleast Shree se theiranimals,
and they must be sold at priscugo low as to make
it out of the power of many farmers to replace
them again next spring, and their land will not
yield its proper return, because they have nothing
to eat their pasturage.
The milch cows by the Census of 1865, now, in
Allegany,.-
Cottarangus,....
Copulanqgua,,..
Wyoming, .
Erle, South Towns,
Total,. tees enw tee
which last spring were worth at lowest ayerage
$5 per head— making a total value of $3,402,750.
The loss by reason of the forced sales will be equal —
to atleast $20 per head—thus involving a total
loss of $2,250,000. The lose upon their othor
cattle, of which they had 143,000 head, and upon
their sheep and horses, would be at least $2,000,-
000 more.
The failure of the hay crop, then, in these four
counties and the half of another, directly and in-
directly involves a pecuniary lose to the inbabit-
ants of not less than seven millions of dollars. —
The destruction of the wheat crop forms no com-
parigon to this.—r-
P| them an education,
hi
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
‘OTIS SWEET TO LIVE.”
BY IDA FAIRFIELD.
Lire hath dark shadows, doubts and fears,
And bitter storms, which give
A shade of gloom to after yoars,
And mark a pathway stained by tears,
But yet, ‘tls sweet to live.”
The weary child of want and woe,
Who begs from day to day,
‘With bare feet, through the biting snow,
And young heart beating sad and slow,
For length of days will pray.
‘The stricken mourner, bending low
Above her best love's bier,
Bereft of joy by one fell blow,
Still finds, amid her bitterest woe,
‘That life and health are dear,
Hope ever iends her beacon light,
Whose soft, alluring ray
Rich promise gives of days more bright,
Unclouded years of sweet delight,
To cheer each wanderer’s way.
Life hath up-welling founts of love
For every human soul,
Glad hours, whose golden memories proye
Incentives, wheresoc'er we rove,
To wait, and reach some goal,
The glory of the actual dwells
Before our eager eyes,
What life hath been, our being swells
ie With chance of greatness, which foretella
The fature promised prize,
And sometimes love, and hope, and joy,
Their richest treasures give,
That peace which death can ne’er destroy,
Life's purest gold without alloy,
And then ‘’tis sweet to live,”
Ashaway, R. I, Dec,, 1859.
———————+e+—______
Written for Moore’s Rural New-Yorker.
HINTS FOR THOSE WHO NEED THEM.
Usvatty, where there is poverty there is a
slovenly, untidy, heedless woman, A man may
work ever so hard, and get good wages, and yet
» hayeabarren, thriftless home, himself and children
go ragged and comfortless, unless his wife under-
stands true economy and takes care of what comes
in her way.
It is surprising how few women consider it
necessary to use prudence in the management of
their wardrobe and household affairs. A woman
who considers it beneath her time and attention to
use half-worn garments to supply her family with
bed-clothes or carpets, and cannot take the trouble
to keep a rag-bag or basket, deserves to be poor
always. How much better old dress skirts look,
neatly tied into bed-comforters, than stringing
allabont the house, and tucked into odd corners
or broken panes. No matter if poverty does not
compel you to save paper-rags, keep a bag never-
theless, and when full give it to your poor neigh-
bor ; it will cost you not a moment of time to take
care of “lots” of things that, if you do not want
them, will be useful to some one. I like to help a
tidy, industrious, poor family, but when I go into
a house and see disorder, waste, filth, and enough
laying about, if properly taken care of, to make a
comfortable home, I feel it is of no use to give
Such people things to abuse and destroy. They
will always be poor, and no person could possibly
assist them.
Pomposity and fulse pride, or shiftlessness, and
pride, and poverty, usually go hand in hand.
What a pity that men and women, who have no
love of labor, no fancy for housework, no love of
children, should marry and attempt to raise a
family, to be a nuisance to themselyes and the
community,
Some err through ignorance, but many more
through idleness, and unwillingness to study and
Practice the constantly recurring details by which
people in this country usually amass a comfortable
independence. They go to their graves, mourning
over their poverty, and envying those “more for-
tunate,” as they call it, and wondering at the
“mysterious ways of Providence,” while, all the
time, the fault lies at their own doors. Q.
E ———-+e+
TxrLvENce or Mornens,—“ My mother,” said
Mr. Benton, not Jong before he died, “asked me
neyer to drink liquor, and I never did. She
desired me at another time to ayoid gaming, and
Ineyer knew acard. She hoped I would not use
tobacco, and it never passed my lips,”
Not long ago, the Rey. Dr. Mills, in one of his
powerful appeals to mothers to consecrate their
children to the ministry of the gospel, said, “A
Youth, after great deliberation, aud with the
clergyman, decided at last to become a lawyer;
| | and soon after, his mother inquired of him, in a
tone of deep and tender interest, “My son, what
have you decided to do?’ “To study law,
mother,” She only replied, ‘I had hoped other-
Wise,” and her convulsive sobbing told the depth
ofher disappointment. “Do you think,” said he,
“T could go into the law over my mother’s
tears?” He reconsidered the case, and has long
been an able and efficient clergyman,
Give your children fortune without education,
and at least one-half of the number will go down
to the tomb of oblivion—perhaps to ruin. Give
Snd they will be a fortune to
themselves and their country, It is an inherit-
ance worth more than gold, for it buys true honor;
they can never spend nor lose it; ang through
life itever proves a friend—in death Aconsolation.
it
SS ee
A We that hath called us is love; his Spirit,
Spirit of love; his ordinances, ordinances of love;
& his followers, a communion of love; and our yocn-
_ tion, a calling of love.
Knowledge that his mother desired him to bea
SPARE THE BOOK."
[DepicaTep ro aut Possessons or VotuME X or THe
Rupa New-Yorser-]
=
Reapzr! spare the book!
Cut nota single leaf!
‘You dream not of the pains we took,
Or you'd regard our grief,
For many 4 theughtfal hour
‘We cull’d our fruitfal brain
‘To set before you fruit and flower
Allstrung on Beauty’s chain,
Reaves! spare the book!
It is our fancy’s pet: _
Turn daintily its leaves, and look
How tastefully ’tls sot!
There’s learning in its page!
There’s humor in its lines!
And there the wisdom of the sage
‘With poesy combines,
Reader ! spare the book!
Mako it your daily pride,
And keep it in a cherish’d nook
Your cunning skill to guide.
And if your file is not completet
Please name the lacking number,
And you shall be in its receipt
Before you long can slumber,
*« Not by Torres, nor entirely original,
+ By our new mailing machine.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
IT’S OF NO USE,
“Ty's oF No usB,” young man, to put on so
many airs! Justas wellactnatural, Ifyou have
no sense of honor, if you break the Sabbath, ridi-
cule virtue and religion, you are no gentleman,
and there is no use of pretending you are one. It
matters not how rich maybe your garments, or
how agreeable your conversation; the true metalis
not there, and there is no use of counterfeiting, (jy
“T's of no use,” young lady, to mince, and
simper, and act as if you were better than anybody
else. You may never enter the kitchen, and may
sneer all you please at those of your sisterhood
who labor for their bread, but you are no Jady—
nothing but a silly, ignoramus—so there is no use
of feeling so big.
What is the use of strutting aboutso pompously
and using’all the large words Wexster’s Diction-
nary affords to make people think you are educa-
ted? Did you never notice that the most talented
and best educated persons are almost invariably
those who use the simplest language—and did it
never occur to you that you show yourself to
be a simpleton eyery time you speak?
“It’s of no use” to make a great spread, and try
to keep up an appearance of wealth, when you are
not worth a cent in the world. Why not live
within your means, and, instead of trying to ape
those who are rich, wait till you have something
of your own, People will think as much again of
you, and what if they don’t—do haye the courage
to act as you please, for depend upon it, you will
always get found out. You cannot “make a
whistle out of a pig’s tail.
Finally, ‘it’s of no use” for any of us to try to
“shine in borrowed feathers,” Itis a great deal
better to always act natural; then we shall never
be troubled lest people find out we are not what
we seem, AMELIA,
@ayuga, N. Y. Deo. 1859,
ee
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
SEED-TIME,
Seep-rivte lastsebut a short period, and those who
delay endanger the harvest. It would be foolish
indeed to expect a harvest without putting in seed. |,
No one adopts a theory so entirely preposterous,
and yet their practice is sometimes not much bet-
ter than such a theory would be. If the seed-time
is neglected, the harvest will not be worth the
sickle of the reaper, There are those who idle
away the precious season of spring, and the soil is
not prepared to receive the sced in season, and
then the young blade is left to languish for want
of cultivation, and to struggle with weeds which
haye been warmed into an earlier growth, Others
early prepare the soil and sow their seed. Gath-
ering clouds and windy days do not keep them
from their labor. It is true, there are winds that
blast the frnit, and frosts that wither the corn, but
the rule still holds good that those who in due time
sow their seed, do in due time reap their harvest,
Youth is the great seed-time in the rural world,
and those who neglect to labor then find no harvest
in store for them when gathering years withers and
dries up the source of their worldly pleasures,
He who should undertake a long journey to a new
country, and make no provision for his wants
while on the way, or when at his journey’s end,
Would act very unwisely, but how many commence
the journey of life and make no provision for their
journey, nor lay up any store for the future,
Tf one desired to cross an unknown sea and
thereby reach a certain haven, how unwise it
would be to start away without a guide, or any
certain knowledge of his course, and yet how many
start on the journey of life just as unwisely. Let
the young bear in mind thst the voyage of life can
never be repeated—and that one mistake in the
beginning may prove disastrous in all their after-
life. Join, my young friends, in the universal
effort at perfection, and make high and noble aims
for life. early and well thy seed, and trust
hopefully to the future for the harvest.
Syracuse, N, Y., 1859, Firon,
Srxcerecy to aspire after virtue is to gain her;
and zealously to labor after her wages is to receive
them,
Lisenry will not descend to a people; a people
Must raise themselves to liberty; it is a blessing
thet must be earned before it can be enjoyed.
F *
Lo! suddenly a trembling sigh th
SALMAGUNDI.
“DAY-BREAK.
.
—
camo
From the torn bosom of the widowed Night;
Far in the Wast a streak of yellow light
| Marked the dim outline of the world with flame,
All else was dark, but slowly came a ehange:
A song awoke within the dusky wood ; ‘
There grew from out the gleam 4 mountain range,
And glimmered at the base tho rlver’s flood,
The distant city with {ts spires and domes,
Tho pleasant valley with its flelds and homes;
‘The stars put on their palo lights one by one;
The ghastly shadows faded fast away;
‘The hill tops told the coming of the day,
And from his couch uprose the morning sun.
Mere bashfulness without merit is awkward;
and merit without modesty is insolent. But
modest merit a double claim to acceptance,
and generally meets with as many patrons as
beholders.
Tue chief things proven by him who professes to
be perfect, are ignorance of himself and ignorance
of God.
Tax man who builds a house that he has not the
means to pay for, simply provides a home to run
away from,
Loox not back on your dark, stumbling paths,
nor within on your fitful and vacillating heart,
but forward to the land that is far off,
Tnene is as much responsibility in imparting
your own secrets as in keeping those of your
neighbor.—Frits of Leisure,
_ Few persons haye tact enough to perceive when
to be silent, and when to offer you counsel or
condolence.—Frwits of Leisure.
In order to put your company at ease, be your-
self at ease. Be at home within yourself, and all
within your house will be so.— Pouce,
I a firmly persuaded that the man who has not
a sort of affection for all women, cannot love one
as he ought,—Sterne.
No religion can be genuine, no goodness can be
constant or lasting, that springs not, asits first and
constant source, from faith in Jesus Christ,
Tux best way to do ourselyes good is to be
doing good to others; the best way to gather is to
scatter,
Never condemn a friend unheard, or without
letting him know his accuser and the charge pre-
ferred against him.
Love demands little else than the power to feel
and to requite love.—Jean Paul Richter.
KEEP THE BIRTH DAYS,
A Western exchange makes the following
excellent suggestions, which must meet the
approbation of all. We trust they will also be
received with favor by the ‘“‘old folks.” It says:
Keep the birth days religiously; they belong
exclusively to, and are treasured among the
Sweetest memories of home. Do not let anything
prevent some token, be it ever so slight, that it is
remembered, irth ays ‘are great events to
children. For one day they fecl that they are
heroes. The special pudding or cake is made
expressly for them; a new jacket, or trowsers
with pockets, or the first pair of boots, are donned;
and big brothers and sisters sink into insignifi-
cance beside “little Charlie,” who is “six to-day,”
and is so soon “going to be aman.” Mothers,
who have half-a-dozen little ones to care for, are
apt to neglect birth days; they come too often—
sometimes when they ate busy, and sometimes
when they are ‘‘neryous;” but if they only knew
how much such sowvenirs are cherished by their
pet Susey, or Harry, years afterwards, when
away from the hearth-stone they had none to
remind them that they had added one more year
to the, perhaps, weary round of life, or to wish
them, in old-fashioned phrase, “many happy
returns to their birth-day,” they would never
permit any cause to step between them and a
mother’s privilege.
SSS
THAT PORTRAIT, AGAIN,
Mr. Moons :—I was about to ask a favor, but
do not know that I have any right to do so, or how
far I may be getting ‘beyond my limit;” but, at
a venture, I can but speak—for I have put it off,
and hesitated, for a year or more. Would it be
inconsistent, or ont of place, if you were to give
us the portrait of D, D, T. Moorr, in the Ruran?
and is not my wish that of thousands, were it
expressed? For one, Iconfess to a great anxiety
to see how he looks, and to know somewhat of his
previous history, up to this time. But, as I do
not expect ever to mect him vis-a-vis, I will be
content with the shadow of his phiz, and whatever
information he is pleased to bestow. If the
request is deemed impertinent, or betrays lack of
just sense of things, I have no excuse to offer, for
I can frame none, We naturally become much
interested in, and attached to, an Editor whose
paper has been our daily companion for years, and
each one of us imagines him our particular friend,
for he encourages, sympathizes, cheers, advises
and amuses us all, by turns, till it almost seems
that he must have had dur individual case in view.
As for Mr, Moors, ‘(may his shadow never be
less,” and we wish him a right merry Christmas,
and many New Years, in which to continue the
good work in which he has been so eminently
successful. Vive la Rural. Quexcny,
Dee, 20, 1859, |
Nore:—We appreciate {he aboy®, a8 \t is from one who
has written (over various signatures) many capital and in-
structive articles for the Rurat, But, complimentary and
sincere as is the request—nad gratifying a8 we confess it to
be, from such a source—weare moyed to decline, and tore-
iterate what wesald last year in response to alike'appeal, to
wit:—This, and similar requests heretofore, toucheth our
approbagiveness, and, with wool “beaver” in hand, we
“make our manners" In acknowledgment, But, really,
our frlends must ** walt alktle longer,”’ If not along time—
for, though not over yourg, our youthful (we will not say
green or yerdant,) appearance, (and the lack of siver-grey-
dom,)is so commonly remarked whenever we attend Fairs,
&o,, that, even if we poswssed sufllclent merit to warrant
the exposure, we doubt the propriety of golng into the pic-
fer. When we get 100,000 Runat subscribers, and sufticlent
Age and dignity, perhaps |t may answer. Itwould not do
mmo, at all, for (aside from the above and other cogent rea_
son8,) recent illness has made us so much worse looking
than wsud?, that a portrait would indeed prove a countor-
feit presentment! Excuse us, friends!
EEBMECHANICS (©
7
PHILO SOPHYIE
ANCIENT FASHIONS.
Tus New England Historical Register for 1857,
contains the following interesting account of the
clothing in the Old Times ;
Stockings were anciently made of cloth or milled
Stuffs, sewed together, Henry II of France, was
the first who appeared with silk stockings. That
was in 1559, and in 1561 Queen Elizabeth was pre-
sented by her milliner with a pair. The first pair
of worsted stockings knit in England was made in
1564,
Red-colored stockings, whether of yarn, worsted
or silk, were much worn in New England for
nearly half a century after the arrival of our
fathers.
Tn 1629, when provision was made for emigrants
to Massachusetts, the Stockings furnished were
accompanied with ten dozen pairs of Norwich
garters. At an early period of our country, silk
garters were worn by the more fashionable, and
puffed into a large bow-knot at the knee, but as the
costume fell under the notice of the civil authori-
ties, it was forthwith prohibited.
Gloves haye been long in use, and it was once a
proyerb that, to be well made, three kingdoms
must be concerned in the making,—Spain to dress
the leather, France to cut it, and England to sew
it, But France, for a considerable period, is said
to haye had the preference in all these three
Tespects,
Sixty years ago, pall holders, and other persons
attending funerals, wore white leather gloves. In
1741, men’s and women’s “white glazed lamb”
gloves were offered for sale in Boston,
“‘Ruffs,” however odd it may appear to us, were
formerly worn by males as well as females. Queen
Elizabeth appointed officers, it is related, to clip
the ruff of every person seen Wearing it of larger
dimensions than the law permitted. A clergyman
in 1608 took occasion to allude to a lady who wore
a roff that looked ‘like a sail; yea, like a rain-
bow.” Ruffs were wired as well as starched.
Anne, widow of Dr. Turner, for assisting the
Countess of Essex to poison Sir Thomas Overbury
in 1614, received the following sentence:—“ That,
as she was the first to introduce the fashion of
yellow starched ruffs, she should be hung in that
dress, that the same be held in shame and detesta-
tion.” In the play of Albusnazzar, edited in 1614,
Arsinilina asks Trincalo, ‘what price bears wheat
and saffron, that your band is go stiff and yellow?”
Speaking of starch, it first came into use in
England in 1564. It was carried thither by a Mrs,
Dinghen Vanden Plasse, who set up business as a
professed starcher, and instructed others how to
use the article for £5, and how to make it for £20.
ThoNaws Lotior of 1712 gives this notice :—“Very
good starch, made in Boston by a starch-maker
lately from London, is for sale.”
The picture of Goy. Winthrop appears with an
elegant ruff. The custom was imported by some
of our primitive settlers, but in 1729 this part of
the dress became so enlarged that the Legislature
of Massachusetts felt obliged to command that it
be kept within due bounds, a
In the reign of James J, bands succeeded the
full, stiff ruff. They were prepared with wire and
starch, so as to stand out “horizontally and
squarely.” They were held by a cord and tassel
at the neck,
People of the ton had the strings and tassels of
their bands sometimes elegantly scolloped and
embroidered, which custom finally attracted the
attention of our civil authorities, who, in 1634,
“forbade bands to be ornamented with costly
work.” In 1639, a law was likewise enacted pro-
hibiting the wearing of bands as had been the
fashion.
oe
WHY HE FELL,
We often wonder that certain men and women
are left by God to the commission of sins which
shock us, We wonder how, under the temptation
of a single hour, they fall from the very heights of
yirtue and of honor, into sin and shame. The
act is, that there are no such falls as these, or
there are next to none. These men and women
are those who have dallied with temptation—have
exposed themselves to the influence of it, and haye
been weakened and corrupted by it. If we could
get at the secret histories of those who stand sud-
denly discovered vicious, we should find that they
had been through this most polluting preparatory
process; that they had been in the habit of going
out and meeting temptation in order that they
might enjoy its excitements; that underneath a
blameless outward life, they have welcomed and
entertained sin in their imaginations, until their
moral sense was blunted, and they were ready for
the deed of which they thought they were incapa-
ble.—Zimothy Titcom).
+e ——____
Harriness AND Success 1x Lire.—Life without
some necessity for exertion must ever lack real
interest, That state is capable of the greatest
enjoyment where necessity urges, but not pain-
fully; where effort is required, bat as much as
possible without anxiety; where the spring and
summer of life are preparatory to the harvest of
autumn, and the repose of winter. Then is every
season sweet, and in a well spent life, the last is the
best, the season of calm enjoyment, the richest in
recollections, the brightest in hope. Good train-
ing and a fart start, constitute 2 more desirable
patrimony than wealth; and those parents who
study their children’s welfare, rather than the
gratification of their own ayarice or vanity, would
do well to think of this. It is better to run a
successful race than to begin and end at the goal.
Masculine virtue, or courage, is as necessary to
eminence as a powerful intellect. He who is defi-
cient in either, will never, unless from the influ-
ence of fortuitous circumstances, be able to place
and maintain himself in the van of his fellows.
THE EVER GREEN MOUNTAINS OF TIER
> ae .
. BY JAMES G, CLARKE,
‘Tuenr’s a land far away ’mid the stars, we are told,
Where they know not the sorrows of time—
Where the pure wators. Wander thro’ valleys of gold,
And life is a treasure sublime,
‘Tis the land of our @od—tis the home of the soul,
Where ages of splendor eternally roll, ;
Where the way-woary travelor Teaches his goal,
On the ever green mountains of life, :
Our gaze cannot soar to that beautiful land,
Bat our visions haye told of its bliss —
And our souls by the gale from its gard Y
When we faint in te desert of hes Saeed,
And we sometimes have long’d for its holy repose,
When our spirits were torn with temptations and woes,
And we've drank from the tide of the river that ows
From the ever green mountains of life,
O! the stars never tread the blue heavens at night,
But we think where the rangom’d haye trod,
And the day never smiles from his palace of light,
Bat we feel the bright smiles of our God,
We are traveling homeward—thro’ changes and gloom,
To a kingdom where pleasures unchangingly bloom,
And our guide ia the glory that shines thro’ the tomb
From the ever green mountains of life,
——— ee Se
“READY FOR EITHER,"
Ose of our missionary associations has adopted
a device found en an ancient medal, representing
a bullock standing between a plow and an altar,
with the inscription, ‘Ready for either.’”” Ready
to toil and labor in the field of service, or to be
offered up ag a sacrifice in defence of the faith of
Christ, No more significant device could be
chosen to express the feelings of the missionary.
None need enter this field who shrink from the
most painful and trying drudgery, considered from
a worldly point of view, to which man can be
subjected. With but a few to sympathize and
encourage, unsupported by the applause and
admiration which his noble self-sacrifice and
heroic constancy excite in the breasts of his
brethren in his own land, meeting neglect and
contempt from those for whose eternal happiness
he has sacrificed home, friends and country, he
must endure labors under an eneryating tropical
sun that most men would shrink from under
circumstances “best calculated to stimulate and
encourage. From morning till night there is no
rest for mind or body, for millions are perishing
around him, and there are but few to lighten his
labors. But the foreign missionary must be
equally ready to seal his testimony with his blood.
Surrounded by the idolatrous heathen whose
religion teaches that the destruction of the Christ-
jonts & merltorfous uct, hemay be sacrifiod al any
moment. Many haye perished in his manner, and
many more will doubtless lay down their lives
before the evangelization of the race is accom-
plished.—J. C. Presbyterian.
————
“MYSTERIOUS POWER.”
Curistranrry, like a child, goes wandering over
the world. Fearless in its innocence, it is not
abashed before princes, nor confounded before
synods, Before it the blood-stained warrior
sheathes his sword, and plucks the laurel from
his brow, and the midnight murderer turns from
his purpose, and like the heart-smitten disciple,
goes and weeps bitterly. It brings liberty to the
captive, joy to the sufferer, freedom to the slave,
repentance and forgiveness to the sinner, hope to
the faint-hearted, and assurance to the dying. It
enters the hut of the poor man, and sits down with
him and his children; it makes them contented
in the midst of privations, and leayes behind an
everlasting blessing. It walks through cities
amid all their splendor, their imaginable pride
and unutterable misery, a purifying, ennobling,
remedying angel. It is alike the beautiful cham-
pion of childhood and comforting associate of age.
It ennobles the noble, gives wisdom to the wise,
and new grace to the lovely. The patriot, the
priest, the poet, and the eloquent man, all derive
their power from its influence.—Mary Howitt.
Se
Trvz Comrorr.—Comfortless ones, be comforted,
Jesus often makes you portionless here, to drive
you to Himself, the everlasting portion. He often
dries every rill and fountain of earthly bliss, that
He may lead you to say, “All my springs are in
Thee.” ‘He seems intent,” says one who could
spenk from experience, “to fill up every gap love
has been forced to make; one of his errands from
Heaven was to bind up the broken-hearted.” How
beautifully, in one amazing verse, does he conjoin
the depth and tenderness of his comfort with the
certainty of it—‘‘as one whom his mother com-
forteth, so will I comfort you, and ye sau. be
comforted.”
es
Tur Sansato.—This is the loveliest, brightest
day of the week, toa spiritual mind. These rests
refresh the soul in God, that finds nothing but tur-
moil in the creature. Should not this day be wel-
come to the soul, that sets it free to mind its own
business, which has other days to attend to the
business of its servant the body? And these are
a certain pledge to it of that expected freedom
when it shall enter on an eternal sabbath and rest
in Him for ever who is the only rest of the soul.—
Leighton.
+0 —
Nor more faithfully did the pillar-cloud and
volume of fire of old precede Israel, till the last
murmuring ripple of Jordan fell on their ears on
the shores of Canaan, than does the presence and
love of Jesus abide with his people.
Ta quality of love in man is exactly like love
in God—in element, but in quantity/ A taper is
big enough to tell you what what light is, but not
what tho whole history and power of light is.
~
~
.
rs
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER.
as]
PUBLISHER'S SPECIAL NOTICES.
Notice to Advertisers—Anvance or Rarea—After the
Ist of January, 1800, the Terms of Advertising in the Rena
New-Youxex will be Tuy Five Onsts 4 Lise, each iceer-
fon, in advance. A price and a half for extra display, or
52% cents per line of space. Srecrat. Novioss—following
reading matter, leaded—Seventy Cents a Line, each luser-
tlon. These rates are predicated upon #circalation atleast
double that which the Ruxat bad when our rate of 25 cents
3 line was established. g@~ We have already recelved
more advertisements than we wish to give in the first num-
ber of thenew volame,
To ‘Printers and Pushers tre ror Sauz.—The
‘Type used in printiog this-volume of the Ronat, Is offered
for sale at half the original cost. It is Warve’s Lest hard
metal, and also copper-faced—bas been used only one year,
‘and is still good, as the Impression of this number proves.—
It consists of about 700 ha Minion, 295 ms, Agate, 150 Da. of
Noppareil, and sundry fonts of headletter, &c, Terms,
Cash—dellverable January Ist, 1260.
Also forsale, duplicates of a thousand or more Exonay-
mos, such as have been used in fllastrating various Rural,
Selentific, Historical and other subjects in the Rona New-
Yorker, during the pastten years,
2 CLopeivo wire THE Magazines, &c,—We will send
the Ronat New-Yorker for 1800 and a yearly copy of either
The Atlantic, Harper's, Godey's, or any other 83 maga-
zine, for $4. The Runat and elther The Horticulturist,
Hovey's Magasine, Arthur's Magazine, or any other
2 magazine, for $3. Canada subscribers must add the
American postage.
(2 Tne Rorar. is published strictly upon the casH
eyereM—coples are never mailed to individual subscribers
until paid for, and always discontinued when the subscrip-
tion term expires, Hence, we force the paper upon none,
and keep no credit books, experience haying demonstrated
that the Cash System Is altogether the best for both Subserl-
ber and Pablisher,
2 PostAoe ox THe RuKAL,—The postage on the RonaL
New-Youxen is only $4 cts per quarter, or 19 cts. a year to
any part of this State, (except Monroe county, where It goes
free,) and 6} ls, a quarter, or 26 cts. a year, to any other
part of the United States, payable quarterly in advance at
the office where received.
ROCHESTER, N. Y., DECEMBER 24, 1859.
FINALE OF VOLUME X,
BRIEF AND TIMELY ITEMS AND REMINDERS,
Tats No. adds “Finis” to Vol. X of the Rona
New-Yorker, and terminates our engagements
with all whose subscriptions expire therewith.
As we adhere strictly to the cas syste in its
publication, a prompt renewal is necessary to
secure the uninterrupted continuance of the
paper. Though some will neglect to renew, and
others be induced to substitute a trashy literary,
or merely political paper—as did some last year,
to the subsequent regret of themselves and their
Jamilie—we are confident, from the large number
of renewals and new subscribers already received,
that we shall part company with but very few,
while our accessions will be far greater than ever
before. Of tho fow that drop the Ruran,-mare+
will do so through neglect or procrastination than
desire or intention; hence, believing they will
invite its visits again after a few or many days,
we will bid none a final farewell. Thousands are
alteady renewing all over the land, and other
thousands joining the Rorat Standard—all of
whom, whether old friends or new, are and will
be cordially welcomed, and we shall labor to
render unto each and all ample pleasure and profit
for their respective investments.
—And here we frankly ask every friend of Tue
Rorar,—and of useful, pure and hence safe litera-
ture,—to speak and act in its behalf at a season
when only a little effort is necessary to augment
its circulation and benefits, Its low price—and
“especially its remarkably low club rates, com-
pared with those of sny similar journal—renders
it necessary for us to rely mainly upon the yol-
untary efforts of those who like the paper and
believe it is benefiting the People, the cause of
Improvement and the Couutry. But its price
places it within the reach and means of every one
“who has a garden, farm or family—whether in
country, village or city—and hence it is compara-
tively easy for its friends to increase its circulation
and usefulness. Now is the best time to do this,
ond we trust every interested reader of the Ronan
will lend such attention ond influence in that
direction as may be consistent and convenient.
While we sre laboring for your benefit, Reader,
please become our proxy and do what it is impos-
sible for us to perform in person—present the
claims and merits of the paper to your friends. A
litle effort now—a few kind and truthful words,
and showing the paper to this and that neighbor
—will secure from three to ten, twenty or thirty
new subseribers in your neighborhood, school
district or township. Why, this very morning
(Dec. 20,) we receives m & subscriber near
Lancaster, Pa.—a neighbor of President Bu-
CHANAN, but none the better or worse for that—a
list of seventy-one subscribers, mostly new. You
may not equal this, but if you ¢ry you can form a
club. We this morning received a handsome list
from a subscriber in Greene Co.—mostly new sub-
scribers, His friends predicted a failure when he
started, “but,” he writes, “I ¢ried, and the result
is before you.” And you can do likewise, if you
will. Locat effort is a sphere in which you are
potent and can succeed, and we trust will kindly
manifest your interest in the Runa, New-Yorxer
by proper and timely action.
$27 See Terms, Special Notices, &o., on next page.
o
A Vavvaste Vorvme.—The Tenth Volame of
the Rurat New-Yorser contains more yaluable
and interesting reading, and has cost more labor
and TONLE can be easily estimsted. The
very complete Index of the leading departments,
given herewith, will give the reader some idea of
the labor and expense d to the volume, and
of its value as a worl ference. We index
over three thousand five hundred Articles, and three
~ hundred and twenty-siz Engravings /—and yet not
half the articles and items are indexed. The
Volume contains at least fen thousand distinct
articles and paragraphs of interest. May we not
safely challenge any Agricultural, Horticultural,
a -
or Family Journal extant—not only in the number
and variety, but value and interest of the articles
and illustrations given in this volume? And
where can so much usefal, instructive and enter-
taining reading be obtained for $2 (to say nothing
of our club rates, $1,50 and §$1,25)—nye, or for
twice or thrice that amount, in books?
—A friend is Spee some of our sub-
scribers will stop the Rusa and take a political
paper instead next year, (to elect a President and
“save the Union,”) but any man who stops the
Rowat, and thus deprives his family of its reading,
will miss a figure, and Jose more than we shall in
the operation. We think our subscribers are
generally sensible enough to appreciate that,
withoat argument,
© Prooness AND IuproyeweNt.”"—The improve-
ments we are instituting in publishing the Rurav
for 1860, will involve considerable extra expense.
For instance, the paper for which we have con-
tracted is to be of better quality and heavier than
that heretofore used, and will cost much more.
We have also instituted a reform in the printing—
press work—of the paper, which will be manifest.
The proper inauguration of our new Mailing
Machine will subject us to considerable expense.
The materials and type-setting necessary to start
the process will alone cost nearly two thousand
dollars, aside from expense of machines, the
operation, &t. But we think, or tr hese
items will be appreciated—for we anti tter
paper and printing, and great accuracy dis-
patch in our mailing department.
—The Contents of the new volume will vie
with its Appearance. We have made no startling
announcements to catch gulls,—as that business
is overdone by our contemporaries,—yet have
more and better material and facilities at command
than eyer before wherewith to enter upon anew
year and yolume, and are determined to use
them to the best advantage. Time will determine
whether the Runa for 1860 exhibits decided
‘Progress and Improvement.”
Nay, GentLewen!—We are in frequent receipt
of letters asking us to vary from our published
terms, or what we will give for a certain number
of subscribers ;—if we will take $1,25 per copy for
ten copies —if we can’t afford the Rurat “fora
dollar”—what we will give extra for so many
subscribers—what is the best we can do in certain
cases, and so on. Now, we are called amiable,
liberal and accommodating by those who know us
personally, and it would certainly afford us plea-
sure to say aye, but we must adhere to published
terms and rates, and cannot make private offers to
anyone. Whatever price we receive for the paper,
or whatever we offer for efforts in behalf of its cir-
culation, is and will be, printed—and we have
no time to write letters on the subject. The rates
of the Rurat are far Jess than those of any similar.
journal of its size and yalue in the world, while
we think our gratuities are more liberal. Wehave
not made a dollar's profit on the subscription of the
paper the past year —having lived on its receipts
for advertising—and probably shall make nothin,
next. SW enn @hararalat a rates, and eee
to them, Those who want a cheaper paper—or
one which can be had for less money—must look
elsewhere; and those who think our offers for aid
io circulating the Rorau are insufficient, are of
course at liberty to withhold their influence.
Tas Vouvme of tHe Rurat can still be fur-
nished, as we purposely retained an extra edition
of each number to supply the demand at the end
ofthe year. Those whose filesare incomplete, can
be furnished numbers which are lacking, by ap-
plying early. Bound volumes will be ready ina
few days—price, $3. Unbound copies will be
furnished at our usual rates—and can be ordered
with clubs for the next volume at the same rate as
the club, until we announce otherwise.
— We would again state that neither of the first
five volumes of the Runa can be furnished, We
can supply the others—1855, '50, 57, and *55—
bound, at $8 each, The only volumes we can
furnish unbound are those of last year and this
(1858 and ’59)—price, $2 each.
Tue Rurau As A Paesent.—Several inquiries on
the subject, remind us that we have inadvertently
omitted to state that the next volume of the Ronan
will be furnished at the lowest club rate—$1,2
per copy—in all cases where it is sent to friends
or relatives as a present. Many of its readers
annually send from one to ten copies to distant
friends—considering the Runax the best present
they can make, as it renders the recipient glad
fifty-two times in the course of the year, and as
often reminds him or her of the kind remembrance
of the donor. How many shall we make thus
happy in 1860?
Tue Youne Runauists are taking advantage of
our offer to give Wanster’s Unabridged Diction-
ary, Pictorial Edition, to any minor remitting pay
for forty subscribers previous to Christmas, One
young man in Kalamazoo Co,, Mich.—(G. W.
Fixtay)—has already become entitled to the Dic-
tionary, (whieh has been forwarded,) and many
others are competing. As we wish to give all the
boys and girls a chance to secure this splendid
gratuity, we hereby extend the time of competition
to the 10th of January. We hope the seniors will
not grumble, as some have, on account of this lib-
eral offer in behalf of “Young America.”
THANKS TO THE Press.—We tender grateful
acknowledgments for the kind, cordial and highly
complimentary notices of the Runa New-Yorxer
which are appearing in various papers threughout
the United States and the Canadas. Our brethren
of the Press are the most competent judges of the
first cost, taste and yalne of a Newspaper, and
when they almost universally concur in pronounc-
ing the Rurat the best of its class, we may perhaps
be permitted to “follow copy,” but a whole num-
ber would not contain half they have recently said
in its bebale.
Appitioxs To Civns are always in order and
received at the same rates ag original clubs. and,
if sufficient is added to a club of 6, 10 or 15, wil
one month, the rates will be reduced as noticed on
next page of this number.
eir
| potenuiaries. The Si ofVanuury 1s spoken of tor
DOMESTIC NEWS.
Matters at Washington.
Concresstonar—The Senate passed the resolu-
tion for the appointment of s Committee to inquire
into the seizare of the Harper's Ferry Armory,
and rejected the amendment, making a similar
inquiry in regard to the seizure of the Armory in
Missouri. Messrs. Mason, Davis, Collamer, Fitch
and Doolittle are the Committee. This, and the
election of Dr. Guatey a5 Chaplsia, is about all the
business done by the Senate.
The House has not yet organized. The loth
ballot for Speaker was taken on Friday last,
Sueeman, the Republican candidate, received 111
votes, and Jacked four of an election; Bocock,
Democrat, 84. The discussion is warm, sometimes
personal and extravagant. Some members talk
about hanging their associates, dissolving the Union,
and making a general smash-up, as though it
would be an easy and delightful task. If they do
nothing more they will succeed in proving them-
selves great fools or koaves. These men who
publicly avow thgpeelver, in the Legislative Halls
of the nation, as ready for treason, we fear are
worse traitors at heart than Jouy Brown, about
whom they make such a tirade.
Dispatches have been received from Gen. Scorr,
and considered in Cabinet Council, His mission
‘toSan Juan bas been highly successful, he haying
made a temporary settlement entirely satisfactory
to the British authorities there, His course meets
thecaere approval of the Administration.
Fine 1 toe Asentcan Tract House. — About
half past 7 o'clock on the morning of the 13th, the
American Tract House, New York, was discovered
to be on fire, The flames were confined to the 4th
and 5th floors of the building. On the first floor is
a large quantity of books and tracts, comprising
the bulk of the stock; these are thoroughly soaked
by water and are useless. Loss about $75,000, and
fully insured.
Vice-Presipest Breckennimes has been elected
to the United States Senate in place of Mr. Crit-
tenden. His term begins March 4, 1861—the day
when he ceases to be Vice-President.
FOREIGN NEWS.
THE PEACE CONGRESS,
{ Tue invitation of the French Government to
attend the Congress had reached the British Cabi-
net, but the Austrian invitation had not been
received. It is taken for granted that England
will be represented, and speculations are afloat as
to who the representative will be, as to which
nothing authentic is known. The Times urges
Palmerston himself to go, and rumor says, not
without sanction in high quarters, that he will.
The Opinione of Turin confidently points to
Count Cavour as the probable first representative
of Sardinia.
Martinez De La Posa will represent Spain.
All the Powers will be represented by two Pleni-
the first sitting.
The principal representatives of the four great
Continental Powers will, it is reported, be the
following:—Russia, Prince Gortschakoff; Austria,
Count Rechburg; France, Count Walewski; Prus-
sis, Baron Schlemitz.
“The Times’ Vienna correspondent learns from
Berlin that Prussia, Russia and England, were
endeavoring to establish a basis for the neg.
tions with France and Austria during the Congress,
A Rome dispatch of the 2d, says:—The report
that the Pope had already consented to be repre-
sented at the approaching Congress, and had
appointed Antinelli to represent him is without
foundation.
EnGuanp.—The London Star says that the Royal
Commissioners who were appointed to inquire
into the National Defences, have agreed to report
the South Coast Dock Yards so imperfectly de-
fended as to require £12,000,000 to fortify them
thoroughly. The Star also says that the Commis-
sioners will recommend a loan for the amount}
required. F.
The following letter from the Secretary of the
French Emperor, has been received in England
and published in London the 5th of December=:
PAtAce Turtuerres.—7b Messrs, Shaw, Mellotzig
d Co. :—Gentlemen—You haye written to the
Emperor to know what hisintentions are in regard
toEngland. Great fears or great confidenceshould
alone explain this step. On the one side you are
possessed with an imaginary trouble which appears
to have seized upon your country with the rapidity
of an epidemic; and on theother hand you reckon
on the loyalty of him from whom desire a
reply. It was easy for yourselves, however, to
giveit. Ifyou had calmly examine: ‘true state
of your apprehensions you had only found them
in all the rumors crested by your countrymen, by
the obstinate profligation of the most chimerical
alarms, because until now there was not a word or
act of the Emperor’s, which permits a doubt of his
sentiments, and consequently of his intention
towards you. His conduct, parecienlye the same,
has not changed a moment to show his faithful-
ness and irreproachable honor that whatever has
been, he declaresit to you in his name shall con-
tinue to be, ,
Witness, again, the anpasching: community of
perils to be shared at s distance by your soldiers
and ours. Great nations should appreciate but
not fear each other. = J
Receive, gentlemen, the expression of my dis-
tinguished sentiments.
(Signed) Caer pu Caninet.
France.—Considerable activity was evinced in
/17th inst. On its return, a cold collation was
shipping forces to Chins, and it was expected that
the last ships forming the Chinese expedition
would haye quitted France by December 15th,
The monthly average price of wheat as pub-
lished in the Moniteur, shows an adyance of five-
eights of a cent on the previous month’s average.
The French frigate Perseverance, with troops
for China, has been twice driven back by bad
weather,
The Paris Bourse was buoyant, but the business
‘was small. Rents closed on the 2d at 70f.
It is reported that the Protest of Austria against
the Regency of Buoncompagin has been withdrawn
in consequence of Count Walvweski having given
an assurance to Prince Metternich that the nomi-
nation would in no way be prejadicial to the Cen-
tral Italian Dynasties. .
Ghe News Condenser.
—They sre arranging {a Albany, to forma skating
Park. -
— Tho taxable property of the Stata of Ohio is $300,-
000,000.
—In Virginia every mi faxed for the salary he
receives. =
— There was a fice ai display at Boston early
on Tuesday morsing wee!
— Mules are in great demand in Kentucky, and are
fast anperseding horses in farm work.
— The printers of Baffulo are making arrangements
for celebrating the birthday of Franklin, >
—In Milwankee, at 7 o'clock Wednesday morning
week, the mercury stood ten degrees below zero,
— On a trial nt Milwaukee, one lawyer testified that
the fees of a brotoer lawyer were $19,000 last year.
— About twenty million bushels of oysters have been
taken from tho Virginta waters during the past year.
— A vigilance committee has been appointed in Bed-
ford county, Va., to look after any suspicious strangers
— Mrs. Doane, widow of the late Bishop Doane, of
New Jersey, died in Florénce recently, at an advanced
age.
—TIeaao F. Shepard, late treasurer of a Boston Sa-
vings Bank, {s found to be a defaulter to the amount of
957,000,
—Gold diggings have been discovered in Brown
county, Indiana, which are said to pay from $23 to $5
per day.
— A Detroit paper notices that $876,400 worth of in-
toxicating liquors are retatled yearly, in 700 places in
that city,
— tis estimated that the opera, theatres and negro
minstrels of New York city received $16,000 on Thanks-
giving day.
—lIron paper, of which seven hundred leaves were
included in one inch in thickness, was exhibited at the
Great Exhibition,
—The Albany Penitentiary earned a surplus of
$6,000 over the expenses last year. A good inyost-
ment for the city.
— What a horrible place New York ia getting to be,
Only yesterday they actually convicted an emigrant
runner of swindling.
— Five thousand cast iron boxes for the reception of
letters for the U. S. wail are belng put up at conyenient
places in New York clty.
—During the week ending December 8d, the re-
ceipts of the city of Cincinnati were $7,194 47, and the
expenditures $30,587 76.
— Itis said that 15,000 hogsheads and 15,000 barrels
of sugar, with 12,000 bales of cotton, have been re-
ceived this season at Cairo,
— The Raleigh (N. C.) Rogister calls attention to the
fact that there is not one powder mill in the United
States south of Delaware,
—Within the past week farge and rich depoalls of
lead ore, valued at from $100,000 to $200,000, have been
discovered near Dubuque,
— A church bell of glass, 14 inches high and 18 inch-
es in diameter, has recently been placed io the turret
of a chapel at Barrowdale, England.
— Col. Colt presented to the Italian Committee in
New York 100 of his death dealing weapons, to be for-
rare ata; MC Tate patriot — =]
= Itis stated that the health of Hon. Lynn Boyd, of
Kentucky, is so precarious that his friends must pre-
pare themselves to hear of his speedy demise,
—Hon. Jerome B, Kimball, a graduate of Harvard
in 1852, and Attorney-General of Rhode Island, died in
Providence on the 10th inst., of typhoid fever.
—Three Inspectors of Election in Canada have been
sentenced to six months imprisonment and a heavy
fine, for making a fraudulent election return,
+o+
Markets, Commerce, &e.
Ronit New-Yorxer Or:
Rochester, Dec, 20, 1
~ LAK of space compels the omission of our Table of
tationgsbatwe make note of such change as a careful sur-
vey of the market indicates. Flour and wheat remain
last quoted. Cera ix drooping—Old would bring 79 cents,
ae New ranges about 65865. Oats have fallen off to $8
uckwheatis up to 45250. Pork, owing to the mild weath-
cr we have boon experiencing for the past few daya, with no
DeLee change, is dull, with a decline of 5@
@ ran, s! 3
Tas down to SH@ag Taree 1 #08800 for light and heavy.
ene nae =a Provision Markets,
S » Deo, 19.—] —
easier. Sales at 81 5@60 Homa o meet dull apa rather
extra do: $£9505,10 for sup
common to good extn
454@ 4714 for State, Weatern and an: . Pi
Pork {s dull beavy and lower. Sales at @18 for mess: 81ST
for prime: @15,59@ 16,60 for Western and cl e Onesa —
Dresied hogs firm at 707%c., Lard at OM ptm Rastar
ies at 11@lGe for Ohio; 15@33e for State, ese in fair
jemand at 9@1140,
ALBANY, Deo. 19.—Froun—A dull and qulet market, with
sales only in the retall way. GritX—The only irangaction
In this market waa a sale of 1,500 bu. Canada West Barley
at Sic. Hoos—With unfavoravle weather and large re-
ceipa, the market for Dreased Hogs {4 doll and drooping. —
Sates at $9,6255@%, dividing on 175, which is adecline-of full
Ue since Saturday, with ap occasional sale of choice at
ao.
BUFFALO, Dec, 19.—Frour.—The demand continues very
moderate. Markotateady. Sales at $4,75@4,35 for State;
$1,905, 10 for extra Upper Lake: $5.95 for extra Michigan :
95,69@5,65 for extra Tadiana and Ohio, and @5,70@6.25 for
double extras. Canadian quiet, with small sales extras at
95. Wire «t.—Maréet dull and heavy. Small sates Qanada.
club at 21,06, Conn.—Market deoldedly firm, with a good
inquiry for small lois. which are selling at 20@7lo.. OaTs.—
Also firm, Sales at 23c, Other grains Fries and no sales.
Seed.—Timothy nominalat #3.25@260, Clover held at 94,75
@5, Peas—Steady; Sales Canadian at le, Provisions.—
New heavy mess quiet at $16, and light do, at $15, Bacorr
quiet nnd no sales. Dressed hogs Inactive, Sales averag-
Ing 293 ms, at 640, and Iight at #5,85 ® owl. ai
The Cattle Market
“ALBANY, Deo. 19.—The market
quotations: Premlum, 5!s@6c; Extri
quallty, 444@4's0< Second quality, 84@3 ko: Third quality,
24@io; Loferlor, 9@2Mc, Sirer.—Sales of the week about
5,500 head, at 18@2%s per head, Drésskp Hog-—Censider-
able business has been done in dressed hogs the past week.
The cold weather has elven animpetastothetrade. Prices
are firm, but without marked change, Range, 64@7c,
CAMBRUDGE, Deo, 4.—Murket Beet—Extra, #7:60@7,75:
first quality, #7; second quality, 85,70: third quality, eon.
dinnry, @3, Cows. and Calves €35an@ ae, enn,
none: HG 7a a sete eels Rites Daas
Sheep an: arobs— al market; lc in i
cbt extra, #250; 8,4, OTs ne Does In lols O1.80@:
BRIGHTON, Dec, 1
first quality, 87,50@)
5,—Beer Carrie.—Prices, extra $8;
3, Second quality, #6,60; third quality,
$4.75@5,50. Wonkino Oxew.—85, N@91._ Mion Cows. —09
@*4; common, 17@18, Vaart OALves—Sales nt 9%, 4@5,—
Stones —Yearlings, 811@12: two years old, @16@2l; three
old, &23@%. ‘Shere AND LAs ps.—$1,25@1,50: extra,
50, Swine.—Spring Piss, bebe; retall, 64@6c; Fat
undressed, none.
TS
DIARIES FOR 1860.
Sixry Dirrerent Styces or Dianses, from the plalnest and
cheapest to the most beautiful and costly, are manufactur-
ed and forsale by B. Dannow & Buo,, No, 65 Main street,
Rochester. Everybody should have one, See article In
last number of Rurat. Also, superb Books, Gold Pens,
Pictures and Fancy Articles for Holliday Gifts,
Atlarriages,
In this city. Dec, 14. by the Rev. G:
Mr, ARTHUR B, RATHBUN, of 0;
Miss SARAH Z, CONKEY, of this city,
At Union Springs, Caynge County, at theresidence of Jaa.
AnxoLp, Esq, Oct. the 27th, by Rev. Mr, Cosuing, Mr, H. L.
TLEWITT, nud Miss 0. AL ARNOLD.
Deaths.
ae
At Union Springs, Cayuga Co., De
tion, Mrs, MARY E, wife of JAMES
46th year of herage,
W. MoNTGOMERY,
eld, Genesee Co,, to
the 5th. of consump-
‘ARNOLD, Esq., In the
Advertisements.
News Paragraphs.
Tne Arabian horse Imaum, died on Monday
morning, at the farm of the late Garrett Vanmeter,
near Richmond, Va, He was one of the two
horses presented to President Van Buren in 1837,
by the Imaum of Muscat, ond must have been at
the time of his death about 80 years old,
Vicrorta Brings Cateseation.—A special train,
comprising three locomotives and ten cars, con-
taining about 600 invited passengers, passed over
the Victoria Bridge at one o'clock, Saturday, the
served up in the northern abutment of the bridge
which was covered for the occasion. Speeches
were made by the engineers of the bridge. The
bridge is now fairly opened to traffic, and regular
passenger trains commenced running over it this
morning.
Tue Vinow1a Executions.—Four more of the
persons engaged in the Harper's Ferry raid—Cook,
Coppie, Green and Copeland—were executed on
Friday last. They are represented as meeting
their fate with calmness, but we have no heart for
such recitals, nor do we think our readers would
feel pleasure in reading them,
Non-Intercournse.—The Southern papers are
recommending direct trade with Europe, and non-
intercourse with the North. Meetings have been
held to advance the same object. A New Orleans
correspondent of a Washington paper says that
sixty-seven ships are loading there for Liverpool,
sixteen for Havre and sixteen for other foreign
ports. Sixty-four of the principal cotton buyers
and brokers of New Orleans have agreed to send
their cotton to England direct instead of allowing
it to come North for transhipment. Prentice, of
the Louisville Journal, objects to non-intercourse
with the North for various reasons, among which
are the idea of not eating New England salmon
next spring, or of refusing an ice crop from Chicago
when the dog star rages; the bare thought of hay-
ing Indiana grouse, or a Maine supply of potatoes
interdicted; of being compelled to read of New
York oysters or Pittsburg ale, and be in the tan-
Wire GUINEA FOWLS.—I have afew pairs of
those White Guinea Fowls left yet, which Iwill sell for
98 per pair; also a few pair of halfblood African Geese,
|, H. OSGODBY,
520. Pittsford, Monroe Co., N. ¥.
0 NURSEAYMEN.—A few prime Appl
Dire St mTOR A AA Cea os
0 INVENTORS,—Rejected applications for Patents
Bpbebled Without cliarge unless the patents are ob-
tained J. PRASER, Patent Agent,
619-2t 61 Arcade, Rochester, N, Y.
OR SALE—At $3,000, payments easy, a Parm of 113
. LY acres, $0 improved, In Granger, Allegany Co., N. ¥,, 3
miles south of Nunda Station, Inquire of
619-2t ELIZABETH O. OLNEY, Nunda, Livingston Co, ~
YALE’S UNIVERSAL FEED CUTTERS—
Will cut Hay, Straw and Cornstalks, are solf-feeding,
cut ceryrapidandeasy, Give excellent satisfaction. Oan
be sel, by merely turning a screw, to cut any desired
length. Price from $9 to $28,
generally,
For sale by Hardware and Implement Dealers
Forsalein Kochesterby (518-83t) J, RAPALJE, Agt.
‘PV BEBLER & WILSON MANUPACG CO's
IMPROVED
FAMILY SEWING MACHINES.
605 Broadway, New York.
These Machines combine all the late fi 5 f
Hemming, Stitching and Felling Seama, aud are the
best in use for FAMILY S@WING and talloring work.,
Prices from 650 to $150, Hemmers #9 extra.
‘ 8, W. DIBBLE, Agent,
Nos, 8 and 10 Smith's Arcade, Rochester, N. Y.
515-tf
5000 AGENTS WANTED. —‘o sell 4 new inven.
tions. Agents have madeover $25,000 on one,—
eed a all aie 8 ener ances Send four stamps
and get es ‘otis.
BL EPHRAIM BROWN, Lowell, Basa,
FPOB SALE — the subscriber otters for sale bia valuable
Farm, containing about forty-five acres of land, situated
about 344 miles south of the large and dourishlog village of
Seneca Falls, Seneca county, N.Y. On sald Farm Isa good
Farm House and all necessary out-bull with Frult of
allkinds and the best varietfes, The soil Is first quallt
and well watered. Persons desiring to purchase a
Farm, well located, would do well to see tals before pur-
.. For further particalars inguire of | a
Graslng else Wer aca Pally oF of J. B. 0. VREELAND, onl
the premises 518-136
BRHBING’S PATENT
FIRE AND BURGLAR-PROOPF SAFES.
With Hall’s Patent Powder-Proof Locks,
HAVE NEVER FAILED
IN MORE THAN
900 DISASTROUS FIRES,
The Safest and Best Safe in Use.
Delivered at any Rallroad Station in the United States, or
Canada, at the very lowest rates, 4
Ae AMES G. DUDLEY, Sole Agent,
talizing condition of not enjoying them; the terri-
ble calamity involved in giving up the Newark
cider sold for champagne, &c., kc. The Journal
says:—‘‘Our friend of the Richmond Whig will
forgive us, if, after having stood politically shoul-
der to shoulder for years, we now part stomach to
stomach on this question of ‘internal improye-
ment,’””
Fire ar Meprsa.—A destructive five occurred
at Medina on Sunday, the 15th inst. The large
mills owned by Hitz, Waaren & Co., with eight
run of stone, were burned to the ground, Loss
estimated at $60,000.
at 43 Main streét, Buifalo, N. ¥.
HAWMUT MILLS” ROCHESTEH—Wwe con-
Stina Wo OUstoM GRINDING Ee lowest rates
an’ having improved the machinery of our mill for thal
Papo, Be pledge ourselves to give full satisfaction to all
We have for sale at all times, wholesal tall, the
best and most reliable Dranda ef Flour, Mien corn Beal,
lour rat Feed snd Boreanligs at the Towest prices,
‘atten co) r
mn of the farm ONEY t 00.
Brown's Race, Rochester, Sept: 35 1s3)
HIPPS AR
lig eeNON Dien Oalean Conn Ne
xt Tastitatlon, col on
eran nee acho Year aot fs Tosvext. Wor Terms, see
Catalogue at this Office, or a)
ply LO.
s 'L. AOHILLES, Proprietor.
Alblon, N. ¥., ren 8, 1859. BOLL
"Y..—Particalars sen! Z
ene reo eT AW & CLARK, Badcora, meats
|
THE FORTUNATE ISLES.
Wuo bas mm dreamed of the Fortunate Isles?
‘Those islands of iiss and rest,
‘That lie, as the olden legends tell,
" » Inthe unknown eca of the West?
‘Who has not yearned for the apples of gold
.
‘That bang from ambrosia) boughs ?
Who has not sighed for the nectarous tide
‘That from grove and from mountain flows?
Isles of the blest!
Vainly sought in the purple West.
Many a bark with a ewelling sail
The treacherous sea has tried;
‘Many a mariner’s fearless breast
‘The storm and the waye defiled;
And hour afler hour, from dawn to dawn,
‘The watch has been bravely kept;
‘The master himself has sat at the helm
While the wearied sallor slept
But forever away,
On waves undiscovered, the islandé lay.
Fragrant blossoms and boughs of palm
Haye floated out on the tide,
And birds, with the sunset fire on their wings,
Have perched on the yeesel’s aide;
Bat never more than a rosy cloud,
Half seen in the evening light,
Has brought to their eager lips the ory—
“The isles! the isles are in sight!”
A moment more—
Gone was the cloud, the light and tha shore!
Last night a epirit spake with me—
“Dost thon faint for the far-off prize?
It is not enough to watch an wait,
And to trust to each wind that flies;
In the days when all bright omens tell
‘That the goal of delight is near—
‘When the billows blossom with drifting flowers,,
And the birds of promise appear—
To oars! to oars!
Strike boldly on to the clouded shores!
“For by etern and mighty spirits held,
In a strong enchantment bound,
No sighing hope and no yearning dream
Can win that hallowed ground,
But the resolute will and the daring hand,
In the battle with angels strong,
Shall wrest those isles from the mystery
‘That bas shrouded them so long.
After the strife .
Glorious thy rest in those gardens of life!”
©, Fortunate Isles! 0, brightening realms!
Your glories I yet may find,
But my sails are furled—I haye seized my oers,
T haye left my dreams behind,
I haye learned that watching nor preyer will give,
The triumphs for which I long;
‘Throngh noble toil and endeavor beam
‘The beautiful shores of song.
Enongh, if at night
Imay sing—‘The isles! the isles are in sight!”
Feller.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
OUR MAY.—A SKETCH.
BX ANNA BURR.
Sue was a lovely girl! my sister May—and
whenever she swept up the broad aisle of the vil-
lage church, there were many lingering glances
bestowed upon her; sometimes, I would hear with
pride, the whispered ejaculation, “how beautiful
she is!” But one Sabbath afternoon a strange
gentleman occupied a neighboring pew, and I
Knew by the prolonged gaze of those handsome
black eyes, that my pretty sister had made another
conquest. She did not appear wholly ignorant of
this, for when I mentioned it to her, after our
return home, a conscious blush accompanied her
‘ds,
“Appre Witi1aus told me, yesterday, that she
expected her cousin Ensert Mrnron every hour.”
“Indeed!—he is from New York then; I
thought that his manners bore the city polish.”
“ He did not appear like a fop.”
“I inferred from this remark, that the gentle-
man interested May more than she would care to
divulge, “This mutual admiration will not end
here,” was my inward conclusion—and I was right,
for the next afternoon our friend Appre called
upon us, accompanied by her cousin, There was
@ rosy, Wavering color upon May’s cheeks, which
made her appear more lovely than usual when she
was introduced to the city gentleman, and I saw
that her trim, “ mouse-like” slipper, and delicate
tapering hand, also atteacted their due share of
notice. - ¥
Mr. Merton masa sry fascinating young man,
and I thought that he felt conscious of this power—
as what man oryoman does not who possesses it?
He was very social, and soon made us fecl at ease
in his sosiety—for his manners were free from
ostentation or a desire to appear our superior. [
liked him, and May’s unsophisticated heart was
captivated by his marked attentions to her charm-
ing self, The following morning she bounded into
my room with a dainty note in her hand, and
there was a joyous light beaming from her blue
eyes, ‘*O Sister! we are all invited to a Pic-nic
to-morrow afterndon, Appre says that it is quite
& endden affair, for they want to make Mr. Mer-
Ton's visit agreeable, It is to be quite select, too,
The Apaw’s are invited, and Squire Epsonp’s
young people; the Gonnoxs, Euvers, and IsapeL
Ratway, With her cousins, who are down from
Utice ona visit. Thats all beside us.”
Mr. Witax’s farm was a quarter of a mile
‘from our quiet country village, and his beautiful
house was situated in a grove, upon the banks of
asmall lake. Here the pic-nic was held the fol-
lowing day; and for once our enjoyment proved
_greater than anticipation had pictured. It was a
bright June day, and, looking back upon it now,
Ido not wonder that my memory framed it and
hung it upon her walls, ;
- Brother Tom drew me aside once during the
afternoon, and whispered—“ Our May is the belle
to-@ay. Don't she look like a dainty butterfly in
that blue barege, with the delicate lace trimmings»
My brother was quite fastidious shout dress. ‘ Mr,
Murton is very attentive to ber—how do you like
him?” . :
“Very much! I hear that he is considered a
talented la in the city.”
Here we were interrupted, but I was not sur-
prised, when May said to me, that night, “Mr, M.
has asked me to ride with him to-morrow.’”
“Are you going?” “Yes,” And she did.
I must borry over this part of my narrative, for
it fills me with sorrow and remorse, that I allowed
myself to become so dazzled by outward appear-
ance as to forget that the solemn responsibility of
guardianship over my only sister, (for our parents
ldied when she was quite young,) should not
induce me to warn and advise her in time, Mr.
Merton was very wealthy and belonged to an
aristocratic family. I felt that May was good
enough, and beautiful enough, to belong to italso.
He remained at his uncle’s nearly a month, but
every day there was some pleasure excursion
planned, which brought May into his society, and
before he left for New York they were betrothed
lovers.
I felt pleased and gratified with this match,
although my woman’s intuition had discovered, at
times, some traits of character in Ensen, Merton
which inspired nameless fears for my sister's
happiness; but, after all, he carried about him
such a charmed atmosphere that these disagreea-
ble impressions ever melted away in the social
warmth of his presence.
The summer flew by upon swift wings, and one
September afternoon May came to me with an
open letterinherband, Smiles, tears and blushes
Swept over her fair face, when she said—“Oh
Sister! Ensevt is coming out next month, and he
wants your consent to take me back to New York
as his bride,”
These words fell into my heart like icy stones,
and I clasped her in my arms, while a sharp cry
broke from my lips.
“Do you feel so badly # can’t you trust me with
him?”
May's eyes looked up imploringly into mine,
and I quickly replied, “yes! yes! I want to see
you happy.”
Preparations for the approaching wedding now
occupied all of our time, and I had no leisure
moments in which to indulge sad reflections. But
when the marriage morning came, and I heard
those solemn yows uttered which nothing but
death could break, a wild, sad yearning came over
me that this would prove a dream. After I had
caught a last glimpse of the bride's sweet face,
and watched her snowy handkerchief waving from
the carriage window, until lost to view by a bend
in the road, my head fell upon Tox’s shoulder, and
I burst into tears, exclaiming, ‘ We are left alone,
now.”
Time passed on, and every week letters arrived
from the city, telling of the young wife’s happi-
ness, and I began to feel somewhat re-assured;
but when May came out to visit us during the
Holidays, I noticed that her gayety was often
forced, and this gave her an appearance of levity
totally &t vurlunce with ber former selr. —Bosern
accompanied her—and I observed that occasionally
he bestowed much attention upon May; at these
times the forced smile relaxed into an expression
of quiet, subdued happiness, as if she feared to
break the spell, but when her husband became
gloomy and abstracted, the old anxious look came
back to her face, and she strove to win him from
his restraint. Poor May was a victim of caprice!
Her nature was extremely sensitive —therefore, I
readily eonjectured what daily terture she endured
—and this time I saw her depart with a sense of
anguish which Tox read in my countenance,
“What is the matter, sister? You look aa if
Epsevi was carrying ‘our May’ to the church-
yard.”
“Do you think that she is happy?”
“Why, yes!—how can she be otherwise with
such a devoted husband.”
I was not surprised at his reply, for brother did
not possess &@ woman's intuition, and I forbore to
depress his mind with my anxious fears,
Spring came, and with it sweet May Merron;
but 0,so changed! ‘‘I longed to see the green
leayes of our dear old elms, and your sunny
smiles,” murmured the pale lips, while her slight
form tottered into my arms.
“You shmil always stay here, darling, and I cast
areproachful glance at Ensex1, who shrank from
it. When we were alone together, I asked, with a
bitter tone, why he had not informed me of our
Mavy’s evident decline, He seemed confused and
made an unintelligible reply.
Business required Ensetx’s presence in the city
at this time, and I saw him depart without regret.
When he gave May the “good-bye kiss,” she
wrapped her thin arms around his neck and looked
up into his eyes with that meek, imploring gaze
which interprets unappreciated devotion, I sighed,
and thought of Tox’s careless words. Ob! they
were too true.
The weeks went slowly by, and the uncomplain-
ing invalid read her busband’s occasional letters
with fondness, treasuring each word of endear-
ment. She never reproached him, or uttered one
disparaging word against his conduct; but some-
times, during her feyer-dreams, she would say,
entreatingly, “‘O, Enszu.! you did love me once.
Téry to make home pleasant, Do not go away this
evening!” I always ayoided speaking of him, for
it would only have embittered the closing hours of
her life, Death had marked her for his prey—and
a telegraphic dispatch to New York brought
Epsett Merron just in time to hear the dying
words of his angel-wife. There was some remorse
visible upon the countenance of the worldly man
as he gazed down into the large, mournful eyes
whose brightness bad faded with his love; and
when they closed forever, a deep groan escaped
his lips.
We buried “our Max” in the shade of a weep-
ing willow, where its slender green fingers can
drop baptismals wpon her grave, but the light
Went out of my heart when the clods fell upon her
coffin-lid. Epseut seemed to mourn yery bitterly,
but I knew that his fickle, unprincipled nature
would soon cast off all remembrance of that death-
white face, and the little, stiff hands crossed over
a heart which he had broken.
RORAL NEW-YORERR.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
A CHRISTMAS SKETCH.
“Wire, I declare it’s too bd; here I've been
working hard all the week, and after paying out
all I have earned, I am still a dollar in debt, and
to-morrow will be Christmas.”
“‘Jox, you must not be discouraged; we must
do our duty, trust in Providence, and be con-
tented.”
“Tt’s easy enough to talk about contentment;
but when we get up in the morning, and sce the
disappointed faces of our children, who haye not,
e other children, received their Christmas pre-
sents, I’m afraid we shall be far from contented.”
“But Lam prepared for that; I have been doing
something ae this week, as you shall present-
ly see;” and-going to an old bureau, she took
from one of the drawers some money, and hand-
ing it to her husband, continued, “There's my
pay for making a coat for Squire Jones ; you may
finish paying up with part of it, and with the rest
you can buy some presents for the children.”
With pleasure depicted in his countenance, he
called her one of the best of wives, and taking his
hat departed on his mission.
The persons we have so abruptly introduced to
the reader, were Josep Sranton and his wife,
Ten years before, Joszrn Sranrox, they
blacksmith of twenty-three, bad
with and married Many Wivr1ay,
parents’ wishes, Her father, knowin!
to be awild, dissipated fellow, very justly consid-
ered that he was not worthy of being trusted
the happiness of his daughter. Bnt Ma
perceived beneath his rough exterior a kind and
generous heart, and had married him, thinking
that she would control and change his habits, and
for her disobedience had been disinherited by
her father, who was considered the richest mer-
chant in B——. Unable to effect a reconciliation,
Sranton had remoyed with his wife to the village
where they now resided, and reformed. For a
number of years he worked on at his trade, and
accumulated quite a sum of money by his own in-
dustry and the economy of his wife, when there
came a crash among business men, and one morn-
ing he awoke to find himself pennyless; but with
astout heart, cheered on by his ever-loving and
sympathizing wife, he continued to work away at
the anyil, though the times were hard, and ob-
tained but a meager subsistance until the Christ-
mas Eye when he is introduced to the reader.
The next morning, as Joserx Stanton and his
wife were seated around the breakfast table, sur-
rounded by the happy faces of their children, they
were startled by hearing some one knocking at
the door. It was instantly opened, anda richly
dressed stranger entered and took the proffered
seat,
“Do Ihave the honor of addréssing Mr. Joseru
Stanton ?” he asked, as soon as he became seated.
“That is my name, sir,” answered Sraxton.
“You were formerly a resident of B——, were
you not?”
“Yes, sir; I left there some ten years since,”
~Wetl, Mr-Srantox; Tum # lawyer fromthat
place, and have documents here which I would
like to have you examine.”
The summer previous to the date of my sketch,
there had been erected a large and magnificent
dwelling house in the village where Sranron
resided, but who it was built for, or who i,
nobody had been able to ascertain. The workmen,
we were all strangers, had begun the work and
finished it, the house had been filled with costly
furniture, and still the prying villagers obtained
no clue to the mysterious structure.
Josepa Stanton took the papers banded him by
the lawyer, and found them to be two deeds—one
for the strange dwelling, the other for the shop,
where, the day before, he had been a hired work-
man. Hardly crediting his senses, he asked the
stranger to explain. e *
“T cannot, now,” said he, “but if you and your
family will get ready and go up to the house with
me, I will make it all plain to you.”
Soon they were all ready, and a few minutes’
walk brought them to their destination, where
they were surprised to see a smoke ascending
|from the chimney of the hitherto unoccupied
house. As they ascended the steps, the door was
thrown open, and an old lady and gentleman
advanced to mect them. With the simple excla-
mation, “My Mother,” Mary threw herself into
the old lady’s arms, where she was soon sobbing
like a child.
Mr. Wirrraus, hearing of the reformation of
Josern, and his untiring industry, had relented,
and concluded to spend the remainder of his days
with Many, who was now his only child. It was
a happy for them all, and when, in the even-
ing, they invited their friends in to have a good,
old-fashioned “house warming,” Mr, Wiiuraus
gamboled about the room with his new-found
grand-children, and with them seemed to liye over
again the days of his youth. G. H, Wonpen,
Prospect, N, Y., 1889,
———__-+«+
Mustc. — Music a the soprano, the feminine
principle, the heart of the universe; because
it is the voice ‘of loye—because it is the highest
type and aggregate expression of passionate at-
traction, therefore it pervades all space, and trans-
cends all béing, like a divine influx. What tone
is to the word, what expression is to form, what
affection is to thought, what the heart is to the
head, what intention is to argument, what insight
is to policy, what réligion is to philosophy, what
moral influence is to power, What woman is to
man, is music to the universe. Flexible, graceful
and free, it pervades all things, and is limited to
none, Itis not poetry, but the soul of poetry; it
is not mathematics, but it is in numbers, like har-
monious proportion in cast-iron; it {s not paint-
ing, but it shines through colors and gives them
their tone; it is not dancing, but it makes all
graceful motion; it is not architecture, but the
stones take their places in harmony with its voice,
and stand in “petrified music.” Tn the words of
Bettini, “Every art is the body of music, which
is the soul of every art; and so i8
—Mrs, Child. .
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
GEOGRAPHICAL ENIGMA.
I As composed of 57 letters.
My 82, 11, 26, 83, 25 fa a town in Ohio,
My 5, 2, 88, 21, 14, 46 Js a river in Oregon.
My 3, 80, 9, 15, 24, 65 1s a lake in Minnesota.
My 10, 16, 19, 86, 43, 34, 10, 27 is one of the U. States,
My 47, 17, 12, 25, 1, 14 fs a town in Georgia,
My 4, 7, 6, 20, 80, 20, 26 is the Capital of one of the Uni-
ted States, ,
My 18, 83, 23, 81, 19 ia a town in Virginia,
My 16, 40, 10 is a river in Virginia,
My 28, 49, 50, 87, 19, 24 js a lake in Texas,
My 80, 41, 50, 22, 45, 44, 88 is an island in the Gulf of
California,
My 89, 54, 55, 1, 56, 57, 45 is a town in New York.
My 42, 18, 53, 50, 51, 34 isa town in Upper Canada.
My 19, 9, 46, 5, 62, 41, 40, 18, 57 is the Capital of one of
the United States,
8 | adop
*| My 6, 2, 3, 5 is part of a carriage.
too, the H
soul of love, which also answers nator nk] what is French foran egg” “An
ings, for it is the contact of divine man,” | 4
My whole is a rule that will be readily and strictly
by all true and Honest men,
d Centre, N. Y., 1859,
A Sunsorizer.
{pe Answer in two weeks,
For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker,
MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA,
I aw composed of six letters,
My 4, 3, 5 is a great nuisance,
My 1, 2, 3, 5 is useful in the kitchen.
My 5, 3, 4 is used on ships,
My 5, 2,8 ia easily made.
My 5, 2, 8, 4 angels love to gee,
My 6, 5, 3, 4, 2 betokens ill-breeding.
My whole has long been the eport of the unfeeling,
and a target for the most reckless archers the world
has ever produced, i. B.S.
{> Anewer in two weeks.
Por Moore's Rural New-Yorker,
CARPENTERS’ PROBLEM,
Requined the shortest rule for computing the length
of a brace answering to equal distances on a beam and
post of a building; or, which ia the same thing, for
computing the length of the diagonal of a square when
the side is given, *
Exampre.—Required the diagonal of a square whose
side is 42 inches. Puito,
Corn Valley, N. ¥., 1859.
(237 Answer in two weeke,
ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS, &C., IN NO, 518.
Answer to Illustrated Bebus in No, 518:—Steamer
Eclipse, Sturgeon, Commender, leaves Falls City for
Crescent City, at 10 o'clock A. M.
Answer to Biographical Enijgma:—What shall it
profit a manif he gain the whole world and lose his
own soul? Washing-ton; Gold-smith; Hall; Part
ridge; Fowler; Long-fellow; Mil-ton; Hart; Wil-son
Pat-ten; Hood; Hall
Answer to Pazzle:—I understand your overture, and
will undertake to watch over you if you will undertake
to watch over me,
Wit and Humor.
PERMANENT INVESTMENTS.
We find the following commercial dissertation
in the financial column of the Independent:
Inyesting in champagne at $2 bottle—an acre
of good government land costs $1 25.
Investing in tobacco and cigars, daily, one year,
$50—seven barrels of good flour will cost $49.
Investing in “drinks” one year, $100 —$100
will pay for ten daily and fifteen weekly peri-
odicals, ‘
Inyesting in theatrical amusements one year,
$200—$200. will purchase an excellent library.
Investing in afast horse $500—400 acres good
wild land cost $500. ‘
Investing in a yacht, including bettings and
drinkings for the season, $5,000—$5,000 wall buy
a good improved country farm,
Panics, hard times, loss of time, red faces, bad
temper, poor health, ruin of character, misery,
starvation, death, and a terrible future, may be
avoided by looking at the above square in the face.
A mpjority of “financiers,” in maid caloula-
tions for the future, watch the import aan ex-
ports of specie, the ups and downs of stocks, and
the movements of the Wall street bulls and bears.
All that is very well; but let them, at the same
time, estimate the loss of gold in the maelstrom
of extravagance,”
“Doctor,” said a man to Abernethy, ‘my
daughter bad a fit, and continued for half an
hour without knowledge.” ‘ Oh,” replied the
doctor, “‘never mind that; many people continue
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
COUNTING-HOUSE CALENDAR,
ay Bi 2) 8
1860. BeREIEE
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hash 1/993 94 95 1 Ey
Manon... {01.1 1! 9! a's; ti
4 i) 8940) i]t
Wtaiolat ey $834 ne
[25/26/2728 29 90.31 333
Apnit.....| 1] 98} 4} 5) 6)
8 Sho aah RSE | ig
15)16)17)18 19 901 6l7 18 19 20
999/94 95 95 7 2 99/23/94 95 96 97
es }Novesinen fo als
May... 3. sales) 1] 9} 8) 4) 5) ‘V4 910
6),7| 8] 9 10:11 19, i 16 17
hs}ta'15|16 17/1819) 13 331
i}29 93194 95 96 (35)
27\28/20;3081/ | \Decesmer.|.(.-lecheel.ctc]. 1
JONE,...2+. saleales|ea)+a| 11 2. 45) ora 5
3)4)"5)"6)"7) 8] 9 90/14/19 131415
Peer mma
lb4'25196!27128 99 30 aa rei
Publisher's Notices.
TERMS OF THE RURAL FOR 1860.
REDUCTION OF CLUB EATES
Single Copy, One Year, - - -
sz
Three Copies, Seti” OF
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And any additional number at the Intter rate—only
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tar As we pre-pay American postage on papers
sent abroad, Canada subscribers should add 12% cts.
Der copy to above club rates.
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orany Number. No deviation from our Terms,
—
EXTRA INDUCEMENTS
TO AGENTS AND ALL WHO OASIS EARLY.
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our Terms, we will give to Aon of the Oxe Hun-
Dnep Persons sending the first lists of Turety or
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date (remitting payment at our club rate—$1 25
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above, remitting payment according to our terms,
we will give etther another extra copy of the Rurar,
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Still More Liberal!—Zn avprti0n to any ectra
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ee tha_above offers, we roill give an unbound hut
perfect Copy of te Tenth Volume of the Burax (for
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Day, 1859,) either $5 for 8 copies, $10 for 6, $15 for 10,
$21 for 15, or $25 for 20 copies. [R- Finally, in
AvITION Zo what is above offered, we will give to zAon
of the Twuxty Persons remitting payment for the
first Usts of Sevexty-Frve or more Yearly Sub-
seribers after this date, a Copy of WEBSTER’S
UNABRIDGED DICTIONARY—WNew Pictorial
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PUBLISHER'S SPECIAL NOTICES,
(7 Prease forward names of subscribers for 1860 as fast
as convenient, as we ore already typing the list for Mailing
Machine. All who compete for first lists, offered above, are
informed that there isyet time, Those competing for the
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they can send on part of their lists now, and remit pay
(with the remainder) on or before the 2th instant,
(2 Vouunrany AGENTS FOR THE RURAL.—Any and every
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Now is the time for its friends to manifest their interest
the paper and the cause It advocates, either by ob!
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that’s the best way to get subscribers, —we will duplicate
them in order te make their files complete for binding,
f@- Associatep Eyrort leads to success In canvassing for
perlodicals, as well as in other enterprises. For instance,
if you are forming (or wish to form) a club for the RunaL
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Procure, and sending alltogether, Please think of this, and
act upon the suggestion if convenient,
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ng specimens free of charge. Render, if you have any
friends, near or distant, that you think would subscribe for
the Ruma, or act as agents, please give us their addresses
and we will send them specimens, &c, No matter how
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form clubs, And beside, we wish it distinctly understood
that all persons traveling through the country, professing
to hold certificates from us, ARB IMPOSTORS,
[7 Any person who remita pay for a club of 6, 10 or 15
atthe specified rates for sach club, and adds a sufficlent
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the advantage of the price of large club, and retain the
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pz Tue Rorav Js published strictly upon the casn
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until pald for, (or ordered by a responsible agent,) and
always discontinued when the subscription term expires.
f2~ Our published terms will be strictly adhered to, and
no one has authority from/us to offer the Ronau at less than
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the Zowest club rate, even if a thousand coplas are taken.
£2 Axy person so disposed can act as local agent for
the Roninand those who volunteer in the good cause will
recelve gratuities, and thelr kindiess be appreciated.
go all thein lives /?
‘Wxar is the best guard against any attack?”
said a pupil in the or of self-defence to his
teacher—a noted pugilist. ‘Keep a civil tongue
in yourhend,” was the unexpected and significant
reply. -
rs “Huspaxv, I wish you would buy me some
pretty feathers.” ‘Indeed, my dear little wifo,
you look better without them.” “Qh, no, sir,
you always call me pes little bird, and how does
i bird look without feathers ?””
“pa,” asked Master Charley, at breakfast,
) my boy,
is un-euf.” “Well,” said the young rougue
umole
“an epg is not enough for me, for I
want two 7
el
_ MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
THE LARGEST CIRCULATED
Agricultural, Literary and Family Weekly,
18 FUDLISHED EVERY SATURDAY
BY D. D, T. MOORE, ROCHESTER, N, Y,
Otice, Uhion Buildings, Opposite the Court House, Bulfalo St.
ms, In Advance:— Two Donwans A Yean—$1 for
Rtas Months, For Club Terms, &ay #0 above,
‘Tue Postage ov Tus Rona is only 3 cents per quarter
to any part of this State, and 6} cents to any other State, if
paid quarterly in advance at the post-ofllce where recelved.
TWO DOLLARS A YEAR.)
“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.”
{SINGLE NO. FIVE CENTS.
VOL. IX. NO. 36.3
ROCHESTER, N. Y..—SATURBAY, SEPTEMBER 4, 1858.
{WHOLE NO. 452.
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
AN ORIGINAL WEEKLY
Agricultural, Literary and Family Newspaper.
CONDUCTED BY D, D. T. MOORE,
WITH AN ABLE CORPS OF ASSISTANT EDITORS.
Tas Roeat New-Youren |s designed to be unsurpassed in
Valoo, Purity, Usefolnes and Variety of Contents, and unique and
boautifal in Appearanos Its Conductor devotes his persona) atten-
tion to the supervision of its varions departments and earnestly labors
to mnder the RURAL ap eminewtly Reliable Guide on the important
Practical, Sclentific and otber Subjects intimately counected with te
business of thone whows interests ik vealonaly advocates Tt embraces
more Agricoitaral, Horticatraral Sctentific, Educational, Literary and
Nown Mattor,imerspersed with approprinto and beantifal Engravings,
than any other Journal,— rendering It the most complete AGRICULTU-
mal, LrveRary ano Fasoty Jovgxat tn America
Rural LAew-Lorker,
STEAM ON THE NEW YORK CANALS,
In our columns we have given a pretty full
account of the experiments instituted to test the
practicability of using steam on the Drie and other
Canals of the State, for propelling boata We re-
joice greatly that the results of these trials were
such as to convince the State officers—the Gover-
nor, Canal Commissioners, &c.,—as well as all
practical mep, that steam can be used as a
motive power, ata great saving of expense, and
withont injory to the banks of the canal. In this
movement we see a prospect of good that eeems
to have been overlooked by those who have writ-
ten on the subject, and was not once alladed to,
we believe, in the many congratulatory speeches
made on the occasion: We nre not fnsensible to
the fact that the substitution of steam for horse-
power will lessen the cost of carriage, and there-
fore increase the amount of business, to the
advantage of the State and all those engaged in
canal businesr, and to the farmers of Western New
York and the Great West, whose grain will find
access throngh this channel to the New York
market, and the markets of Earope; butwe rejoice
more especially at the homanizing influence of
ateam on the internal navigation of the State,
Who that has traveled on the Erie Canal, or be-
come conversant with its operations, has not been
pained at the treatment of horses engaged in the
lifeless dradgery of towing? Given over to the
care of ignorant, and often cruel drivers, exposed
to all weatber, seven days and nights in the week,
their haggard appearance, and galls and bruiser,
appeal to the sympathies of every humane heart,
The Erie Canal, from its or/gin, has been aschool
of vice. Many a bright boy, tempted by stories of
the independence of a driver's life, has left his
father’s houee, to return, if ever, a wreck in mind
and body. Lured by the hopes of earning a live-
lihood, mapy a widowed nother has permitted her
only son—her last hope in this world—to “drive
on the canal,” to see him retorn after a season
steeped in vice, grown old in sin—a curse, instead
of a bleasing—her grey haira soon brought down
with sorrow to the grave. And is it strange
that this shonld be so? Look at the hosts of low
drinking-honses that almost line the banks of the
Canal—the character of the men with which these
boys are compelled to associate—sleeping in boats
or barns—working nights and days, and Sundays,
and we seo an array of evil inflaences bronght to
bear that few boys—may we not say few men?—
could resist. The Erie Canal may have enriched
Dasiness men, but it has impoverished families,
robbed many a mother of her richest jewel—it
may haye filled the State Treasury, but it has also
filled the State Prisons and Penitentiaries, We
hope the time is not far distant when no more
boys shall be employed on onr canals. Let them
receive their edacation, not on the canal, but in
the common school, or at work on the farm,
where they can read evenings, and have the benefit
of family influence and wholesome exatiple. We
look upon the application of steam on the canal
a8 & great moral reform movement
Scores of cattle end hogs die every summer in
their transit throngh this State in Railroad cars
Tt is troly painfal to eee these animals, packed as
closely 5s they can stand, in hot summer weather
their téngues protrading from their mouths, and
thowing othersigns of suffering. Here they suffer
not only from the heat and close packing, but for
want of water, and it is not strange that many die,
and are thrown ont atthestopping places. Indeed.
we have sometimes thought it strange that any
survive. Those that live after such @ journey, and
so much suffering, are unfit for human food, and on
reaching thelr destination, are no doubt much
Gepreciated In value. For humanity's sake, at
least, we have long hoped that an end would be
pt to this mode of transporting stock. It is
calcalated that with steam, boats will reach New
York tn foar days from Baffalo, without tranship-
ment. Boat builders and cattle dealers are now
engsged in designing the best form of a boat to be,
used for transporting stock on the Canal, amd the
great end aimed at Is cheapness of carriage, and
such arrangements for the comfort of the animals
that they will suffer no dimination of weight on
the voyage. These boats will be constraoted for
the purpose of carrying stock alone, and will be
arranged with every convenience for watering and
feeding. It is estimated that the cost of transpor-
tation will be about one-half the price now charged
by the Railroada Interest, ifnot homanity, there-
fore, we hope will induce all engaged in forward-
ing cattle to the Eastern markets, to give the canal
boats a trial.
———
DOES UNDERDRAINING PAY!
Raruse a strange query for the editors of the
Rurat to proponnd to all their readers, when they
have labored long and earnestly to prove that it
was one of the best investments which could be
made by the agriculturist, Strange, troly, when
they have iterated and reiterated that a thorough
system of underdraining would prove of inoalcnla-
ble benefit to almost every foot of land possessed
by the farmer, Stranger still, that, after all this
labor of word and argument, we are ready to go
back to the starting polnt—to unsettle a principle
supposed to be fixed—and put forth anew the
query,— Does Underdraining Pay? We have a
reason for this, however, a8 will be seen by the an-
nexed sentence:—“ Underdraining is a popular pro-
cess by which any quantity of money can be hidden
under ground past finding again.” This yalaable
piece of information we first saw in a political
paper published in our State Capital, and if we ever
hada particle of unbelief in the aphorisms—“ False-
hood travels faster than Trath;” or “Trath has but
legs while Falsehood wears wings,” such doubtings
are effectually scattered to the winds, because of the
avidity with which the “Union-Saying” portion of
the press has sejzed so precious a morsel. Why
assertions of this character should be given to the
public through the sgency of the printer, we are at
alossto discover. Common sense will never found
an argument upon such premises — facts will not
warrant such declarations, Theory brands the
statement with falsity — practical experience will
nail it as a base coin tothe counter, Let us exam-
ine a few of the facts recorded upon this subject.
From the article on the “Progress of English
Agriculture,” we learn that lands where, to use the
words of Mr. Corr, “two rabbits might be found
quarreling over a blade of grass,” were given by a
thorongh introduction of drains to profitable agri-
culture. “Hundreds of thousands of acres,” says
the Review, “formerly condemned to remain poor
pasture, or to grow at long intervals ‘uncertain
crops of grain and beans, have been laid dry, ren-
dered friable, and bronght into regular rotation.
Sheep stock thrive where previously a few cows
starved; the produce has been trebled, the ren-
tal raised, and the demand for labor increased in
proportion, In the neighborhood of Yorkshire
manofactories, moorland, not worth a shilling an
acre (rental) has been converted into dairy farms
worth two pounds,”
In 1846, Sir Rosent Peer passed the act loaning
twenty millions of do)lars for the purpose of assist-
ing land owners to drain their farms, The various
systems of hosbandry which had wrought such
wonders upon light soils, those who possessed
heavy, retentive clays desired to adopt, and to grow
such crops as afforded a certain reward. For cen-
tories the farmers had been engaged in the trial of
multifarions expedients to relieve the soilof water.
The means called into use were upon the surface, as
laying up in “ lands,’ “ backs,” or steches,” that the
rain might flow off into drains a few inches
deep, Not unfrequently, it is said, farmers would
traverse thoir flolds after heavy rains, attempting to
lead the stagnant little pools to the neighboring
ditches, Favorable seasons rewarded the husband-
man for his toil, but a wet season destroyed his
hepes’ The soils were valoed for their strength,
and for their returns under bright auspices, and the
questionswere, in what manner can the uncertainty
attached to them be removed ?— how can we plant
and be sure that we may also reap? These were
the aspirations of the caltivators, and deep draining
gave to expectancy glad fruition.
What are the details of experience in onr own
country? In the Report by Mr. Novxse, of Orr-
ington, Me. to the Bangor Horticultural Society,
we find some Interesting facts in regard to the
effects of draining upon “cold, springy land.”
The draing were constructed partly with tile and
partly with stome—depth three and one-half and
four feet. He describes his farm “as Jying on the
north-east side of a hill, naturally wet, and hence
unfit for working until late in the season.” Size
of lot dretned one and one-half acres—designed
for a pear orchard; drains laid in 1852, “Thirteen
drains,” says the Report, “fifteen rods in length,
and twenty feet apart, were opened down the hill”
The effects of draining are thus described:—
“Upoh this piece of land the frost comes out
some days earlier, is later in the fall, and of less
depth in winter than contigaons land undrained,
The whole is dry enough for spading or plowing
a3 soon as the frost ia out in the spring, or within
ten hours after heavy rain. Dariog the drouth
of 1854, there was at all times sufficient dampness
Spparent on scraping ts ie of the ground,
(with the foot, in passing,) 8 crop of beans
was planted, grown, and gathered therefrom, with-
ont so much rain as will usually fall in a shower of
fifteen minutes’ duration, while vegetation on the
next fleld was parching for the lack of moistare.
Undrained land of similar character was hard and
lompy in dry weather, and cohesive and miry
when wet, while this was light, porous, arable and
free from water,” The one had been drained, the
other drowned.
A correspondent of the Ha, in our issue of
Angast 15tb, 1857, remarks:—#Jt has been demon-
strated over and over again, that the increased
product from a well-drained field for a series of
years, will not only provide fr the interest on the
outlay, but extinguish the principal in a little time,
after the first year; and yet many farmers cling
to the ‘penny-wise and ponondfoolish’ policy of
allowing a superabundance of water to remain in
the cultivated lots, and bear with all patience the
freqnent loss of one-half or two-thirds what their
lands would readily have prodaved, When, 0,
when, will they prartical/y understand that there
is no safer, or better yielding investment of their
money, than to bury it from 30 inches to three
feet under the surface? When will they come to
know that for hardly any purpose can they so well
afford to submit to exorbitant rates of interest, as
to provide themselves with the wherewithal to
change their swamys and swales, and cold, damp
fields into warm andye/iab/e soil for the production
of crops? * * * * Of some thirty aores of
spring grain on tht writer's form, all of which
looks pleasant in hij eye, one/alf would have been
nearly or quite ruijed but for some 1,100 rods of
drainage in the samp; and the present appearance
is that the enhanjed prodoct this year will be
nearly equal to thetotal cost of the drains, albeit
said cost has been fully and amply compensated
by former crops.”
The spring of '@, it will be remembered, was
late, on account of excessive and long-continued
rains, and the opportunities for testing the benefi-
cial effects of a syaem of drainage were excellent
An experienced agriculturist, residing within a
few miles of this cty, speaking of the advantages
of draining, rem@ked that “he had sown his
barley and it was rp, while his neighbors had not
yet got their grovids prepared. All those whose
land was not thoroighly drained had almost begun
to despair—that f@ the crops on portions of his
own farm, on whic) be had not created any means
by which to reliefe it of surplus water, he had
little hope. Thatwhere drains were erected he
could put on hishorses and plow twenty-four
honra after the mét severe rain, and find the soil
in better conditiol than where it was undrained
three days subseqient”
There are hondeds who can forn{sh experience
corroborating theétatements already given, bat to
the thinking farmir they are not necessary; other
reasons might allo be farnished and arguments
patforth claimingmore attention in this particular
branch of husbaniry, but our space forbids, All
around us are fets so demonstrative that the
advantages to bejerived from thorough draining
cannot but be @parent, Those who have not
witnessed whata revolution well-constructed
drains can work tpon a retentive, cold, heavy soil,
will find a visitto lands provided with these
artificial ontlets redundant soojsture @ profitable
one, fully conviming them that drainage is an
excesdingly effedive agent in Progressive Agri-
caltare,
0G PASTURES,
Ir being generily underatood that hogs live by
“special providaces” until it is time to “fat”
them, there is ltile attention paid to the most
economical wayif growing them up. Certain it
is, that a eros, fur cng variety will make
commendable prigress on grass, and it is worthy
of investigation phother hog-raising may not be
profitably carriecon to a larger extent in Western
New York by thiatd of good pastures and other
appliances. It aay be safe to calculate that a
good-sized, thrifg pig will gain in six months on
grass, a hundre: pounds or more. If an acre of
grasa would keel three hogs, and add a hundred
ponnds to the wight of each, that would be $12
for the acre of petare, reckoning the 300 pounds
gain at4 cents a ound, live weight ‘The particular
point which thispasfora! letter is ambitious to in-
culcate is this:grass being a good thing and
profitable to swi! attention should be paid to the
farnishing of Jbundance of it, and of the best
quality, to thesetnimals Instead of being forced
to bite twice ata short, dirty, dried and battered
spear of June gies by the roadside before getting
any off, imagin a clean and comely Suffolk in’
8 fresb, green pasture just four inches high,
filling bimself rith evident relish. That looks
like gain.
The Atlantic Telegraph scheme having suc-
ceeded, all other visionary and imporsible enter.
prises will of course raise their heads and step
forward; so I venture forth with mine. It iano
less than thia, Make a hog pasture big enough for
all your hogs, and divide it into two or three
parts, letting the animals remain only a week in
one division before moving them into another, I
deem that idea every way original, bot I won't
take out a patent right or copyright, provided you
give credit to the Runa for the suggestion. We
have often heard that a change of pastures makes
fat ealves—horees and sheep, too, have not been
forgotten in this connection; bat hogs, alas! are
not counted in. I propose to count themin. I
don’t know but they pay as much for their board
as anybody, its cost and quality being considered;
and I don't know but they have as good right to
find fault when it don’tsuit You “didn’t know
they had fastidious appetites.” Well, you ought to
know it Just jadge them by yourself, The
likeness is closer than you are aware of.
I am not well enongh informed to express an
opinion as to the best kind of grass for pigs, but I
have heard a man in a fat office, a boy in a peach
orchard, a young fellow going to the Fourth of
Jaly between two girls with white dresses on, com-
pared to “ pigs in clover,” from which I conclade
that somebody has found ont that a clover-field is
a delectable place for hogs. I ask for information,
and would be glad to know of Rogat readers,
which are the best grasses for swine?
I think hogs should not pasture in the same
field with other stock, as there is an objectionable
flavor where they go; so let them haye a place by
themselver, and have it well fenced and plenty of
water. I have an excessive dislike of jewelry, but
I sometimes think that hogs are better for rings in
their nosea—x. 1. 3B,
A FEW HOURS IN THE GENESEE VALLEY.
One day last week we were at Avon, with a few
unemployed hours before us. As we had some
farming friends in the neighborhood, we thonght
a part of the time spent with them would be use-
fu), especially as we had never been upon the
farms in that region, though often in sight.
A good half-hours’ walk brought us toa friend’s
house, He is the occupant of a “ flav’ and an up-
land farm of about seven hundred acres, which he
rents from some heirs of the Wanswonnm Estate.
Nearly or quite five hundred acres belong to the
flats, and are more or less subject to the overflow
of the river, He had no wheat upon the flats, bis
cultivated crops being corn, broom-corn, barley
and oats. The barley was nearly a failure, oats
tolerable, and the corn promising a good crop.
The meadows were very productive, yielding a
large burthen of grass, and generally of first qual-
ity. The pastures were very fine, equal to any of
the famons Bloe Grass pastures of Kentucky.
Upon these, for some years to come, the farms
along this region will be compelled to depend for
their main support.
‘The grazing of cattle or the dairy must take the
place of wheat growing, and these “flats” will
farnish the material for capital dairy farms, As
much butter and cheese can be made to the acre
here as in any region of the State. And when the
farma embrace @ portion of upland, as well as
“flate,” there will be no diffialty in raising wheat
to a moderate extent by using manure freely, and
nnderdraining when required. Still, for the time
being, the value of the land must depreciate very
sensibly, until o more diversified system of farming
is adopted.
The midge will not be got rid of. It has been
more or less prevalent for the last twenty years.
Its ravages have only become serious, when, by
too severe a system of cropping, some of the ele-
ments of fertility have been so exhausted that the
wheat plant does not grow with its accustomed
vigor, Some other element must be returned to
the earth, besides what clover and plaster farnishes,
before the farmer can defy the midge. That will
be found in barn-yard manure.
‘The rich pastarage of the Sata, and the great
yield of hay which they will furnish, render them
very valuable, and if the landlords confine them
to those two branches, the permanent wealth of
that region will not be materially diminished, No
country can be really independent that depends
mainly upon grain-growing for the support of its
farms, It will be found that the dairy regions of
this State are really more independent than the
wheat region, although the wheat lands have been
commanding much the highest price per acre.
Many think that more capital is invested in wheat
farms than dairy farms It is @ mistake — for,
thongh the wheat farms are valued at @ higher
price, the stock upon adairy farm will balance the
difference.
‘The entire failure of the wheat crop in this re-
gion is bat exemplified by the fact that at a point
on the Valley Canal, jast weat of Avon, where a
few years ago from 260,000 to 300,000 bushels of
wheat were taken in yearly, they do not expect to
buy 3,000 bashels this year, and for two yeara
past floor has been imported to supply the inbabi-
tants of one of the finest wheat regions of the Union,
The midge, one of the fratlest of Insects, fa in
its ravages the most destractive enemy the farmer
bas to contend with, and its power will soon be
felt over a whole Continent. In this State alone,
its ravages have cost the farmers not less than ten
millions of dollars forthiayear, Whenthey reach
the black lands of the prairies in the Western
States, as they will in some three or four years, for
they are now in Michigan, it will become a pretty
grave question as to where we shall obtain our
wheat bread.
Bat not much has been said abont our friend's
farming.
We will defer that till another visit—r,
SELF-OPERATING WELL BUCKET.
Eps. Rura:—Althongh we have, in this progres-
sive age, almost every expedient for drawing water
in the shape of pumps and elevators that could be
conceived of; and many of them ore very valua-
ble in rendering the labor of drawing water from’
wells and cisterns comparatively easy; yet there
are hundreds of your readers, and others, who will
agree with me, that not by any of these means does
water taste aa pore and wholsesome as when drawn
from the well in a bucket,
Those, then, who wish to drink water pare—free
from the taint of decaying wooden pipes or rusty
iron—will, with me, choose to let “The Old Oaken
Buoket” hang in the well.
Though “dear to the hearts” of all “cold water
men,’ there is an inconvenience attending it, ns it
is commonly used, in filling and emptying. With
your permission, I will tell your readers how Tover-
came the difficulty, Here, then, {a a correct draw-
ing of my well carb, a board being left off in front
to show the manner of emptying the bucket. Like
its owner, it is plain looking, but I find it answers
the purpose for which it was designed, admirably.
I cut a hole three inches square in the bottom of
the bucket, then, on a thin piece of board, four
inches square, or @ half inch larger each way than
the hole in the buckelTitacked asoft piece ofleather,
letting it extend far enough on one aide to tack to
the bottom of the buoket—forming a hinge to the
yalye. Ithen had a bladksmith move the ears from
the top, to alittle above the middle of the bucket,
or to that point, where the bucket when filled,
would balance nicely withonttipplog over. I then
bad the bail cut in two pieces, making each plece
afoot long, after being straightened, and an eye
tarned on each end, as geen in the drawing.
A thin piece of fron 1) inches long, one edge
bent over, for the hook, fastened to the spout, 10
catch into, was riveted to the top of the bucket, {a-
side. I procured a well twisted § inch cord, twice
aslong #8 my well is deep, found the centre and
fastened it, in two places, by driving a staple two
inches each side of the centre of the axle, then
wound the cord evenly on the axle,
ing towards the end»,—and fastened the ends of the
alwoye wind-
the bucket. The axle was turned evenly,
hot made of a large sapling as is often the case,
There isa ratchet on one end of the axle which
holds it firmly at any desired point
When the bucket is let down to the water the
valve in the bottom opens, and the bucket is in-
stantly filled, without tipping. You wind up, and
the welght of the water firmly closes the valve, and
you are enabled to bring the bucket up till the
hook on the spout catches it, tips it, and throws its
contents into the spout.
The object of having two ropes is to steady the
bucket. I have used this plan over five years, and
would not change itfor any pamp Teyer saw. For
simplicity and ficiency I never saw a better. Hop-
ing this may meet with your approval, and be of
use to your thonsands of readers, I subsoribe my-
self, as ever, a friend to the Runa
Waverly, Tioga Co. N, ¥, 1858. J. A. GRAVES.
APPLICATION OF MANURES,— ABSORBENT
POWER OF THE SOIL.
Messrs. Eps.:—Having read a number of articles
in your valuable paper, on the “abeorbent power
of soils’ and having noticed lately in the N. Y.
Tribune, the remarks of “S. W,, of Seneca Co.,”
before the American Farmers’ Club of New York
city, alluding to this subject, and, differing with
him, I thought that my opinion, founded on ex-
perience, might be of interest to the readers of the
Tonat. I formerly was of the opinion that ma-
nures should be applied to the soil before decom-
position had taken place to any great extent, think-
ing that the only loss to be guarded against was
by evaporation, consequently the manure should
be turned under before it had become much rotted,
spreading it as turned under, 60 that none of the
essential properties should be lost, 8. W., above
referred to, s8y5, “if you can keep manure from
going up, you may let it go down as much as it
will.” On the contrary, I would say if you can keep
manure from going down you may let it go up as
much as it will. In proof he says, further, that
“yyater will always ron clear, from tile drains”—
This is unquestionably so; but, because water runs
clear from tile drains, therefore cleansing itself
from all impurities, by leaching through the earth;
however foul and filthy it may be on the surface—
yet in practice it does not hold true that the most
essential properties of manure do not leach down
beyond the reach of the roots of the plant, I eup-
pose thatsand and fine gravel makes the best filter;
that water filtered through such soils is the most
pure; yet we know that such soils are the most
barren—tbat it is only by constant manuring and
nursing sach soila that we oan get good crops. A
good, thorough application of manure on clayey
or clay loam soils, will render such soils productive
long after a like application on loose, sandy soils
has ceased to perceptibly affect the crop. I have
always advocated deep plowing, and one of the
strongest arguments in fayor of the practice, is
that it not only makes a deeper soil, for the roots
of plants to spread and extend themselyes—there-
by absorbing a greater amount of food for the
plant—but it brings to the surface, and within
reach of the plant, the leachings of centuries of
decomposed vegetable matter ond the mannres
that have been applied.
My practice for years has heen to leave the ma-
nure as near the surface as I can, and haye it coy-
_ered, or thoroughly mixed with the soil. My plan
is this:—I draw my manure when it best suits my
convenience, sometimes in the winter or spring,
and put it in large, compact piles, on or near the
ground where I wish to apply it I leave it until
just before planting my corn, or, if applied to sum-
mer-fallow, or where I wish to sow wheat, until
two or three weeks before sowing my wheat, I
then draw it ont and spread evenly over the sur-
face of the ground. I then take gang-plowe—
which are well adapted to the purpose—and plow
the manure under, from three to four inches deep;
let it lay a few days, take my harrow and thoroughly
mix with the soi), and if I drill in’my wheat, I give
it another gang-plowing and dragging before drill-
ing, in order to get apfine tilth, If the land bea
clay the manure has a tendency to ameliorate the
natural tenacity of the soil, thereby securing the
quick and healthy growth of the wheat plants,
Any farmer that has any thing to do with clay
land knows, if you can get a good, thrifty growth
in the fall, that such lands are the best wheat
lands we have. I have fonnd that im lends tho-
roughly manured, and treated in the manner above
described, the benefit arising therefrom is plainly
to be seen for years; whereas, if plowed under to
the depth of seven or nine inches and suffered to
remain there—if it was a stiff clay soil—little if
any benefit would redound to the crop that follow-
ed the application. If such applications were
continued for a few yeare, you would find the soil
yery much improved, but its effects would not be
as perceptible to each crop that followed the appli-
cation as a surface dressing, evenly mixed with the
surface soil. I would ask if manures lose so much
by evaporation as Mr. 8, W. would seem to infer?
Why is it that composted or rotted manures spread
on the surface of clay soils without being mixed
with the soil are productive of more good to the
crop that follows, than if plowed under deep, with
common plow? In fact the stiffness, or tenacity
of the soil seems to be ameliorated far more than
if it were turned under deep, in a decomposed
state. Should I plow under manore on a stiff soil,
T would wish it to be unrotted—in fact, as coarse
43 I could get it under—for the tendency would be
more to keep the soil loose and porous, than to
materially enrich it for that crop, So you see that
in practice, 1am opposed to deep applications of
™manures, and, at the same time, I do not advise a
top-dressing; without thoroughly mixing with the
Surface soil. In no case would I plow manure un-
der eight or nine inches deep if composted or rot-
ted. Ido not believe that manures lose much of
their essential Properties by “going up,” as S. W.
has it, but much is Lose by being absorbed by the soil
at too great a depth to offord sufficient nourishment
for the growthof crops. From practical experience
and close observation in the practice of others for
a period of over fifteen years, I have formed the
al opinions, whichI could substantiate by vari-
ce experiments atvarious tines, on diferent
oar t soils. Knowing short articles
are preferred, I will close this communication, and,
if desirable, will at some fatore_time give : mes
result of my ‘ Ww. a
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN ‘
PREVENTING DROUTHS—A NOVEL THEORY.
Eps. Roran:—In these times of signs and won-
ders, inventions and discoveries, it would seem to
me that a circumstance of sach vast importance to
the well-being of the human family as the fall of
rain, should recelye more attention, and be the sub-
ject of more experiments by philosophera and
meteorologists, than it has ever yet received.
Suffering, as we now are, from a destructive
dronth, the discussion of the above subject would
be interesting, if not profitable, The idea of man-
nfacturing thunder showers will be looked upon as
chimerical by some, and blasphemous by others;
bat I verily believe the thing may be done, To
witness as I did last night, the rapid formation and
equally rapid dispersion of thunder clouds, very
reasonably suggests the idea that the operating
causes are not so great as to be beyond the power
of imitation by human skill and sagacity,
With Hvou Mixxes, I believe the physical world
is not yet completed; and that it was designed, in
the creation of man, that he should be a co-worker
with Deity in perfecting the physical, as well as the
moral world. And surely, nothing would conduce
more to that end than to be able to cause and con-
trol the fall of rain upon our famishing fields and
extensive plains made sterile by want of water.
We haye never yet been fortunate enough to
meet with a theory which explains to our satisfac-
tion, all the phenomena of 8 common thunder
shower. We are told, to be sure, that lightning is
caused by electricity passing from one cloud pos-
itively, to another negatively electrified; and that
thunder is the reaulting consequence, But I have
never yet been told how, under apparently the same
circumstances and conditions, one cloud becomes
positively, and another negatively electrified. In-
deed, we know there is yet much to be learned on
the subject of electricity. It is not unlikely, that
what we call empty space, is an ocean of electri-
city, binding in telegraphic sympathy suns, planets
and cometa.
After these preliminary remarks, I will proceed
to give as briefly as possible, my plan for produc-
ing rain, In the first place, have a balloon of a
lifting power sufficient for the purpose; then con-
struct a bundle of copper wires, from one anda
half to two miles long; let the upper ends of the
wires be properly shaped and prepared as condac-
tors, and surround the balloon with them, letting
the points extend as far above the balloon as their
strength will sustain, The cord, or bundle of wire,
for the sake of convenience, should be wound
upon a reel, and the lower end of the wires placed
in water.
Thus arranged, let the balloon ascend, and when
it is at a sofficient height, (if my theory is good,)
the wires will commence condacting off streams of
electricity from the atmosphere in the region of
clouds, causing a condensation of vapor, and form-
ing a cloud, from which rain would be immediately
precipitated. A clond thus formed, would be a
nuclens around which the forming process would
continue until a large scope of country would be
overcast with clouds, as in ordinary rains. Show-
era produced in this way would not be attended
with lightning and thunder, and, probably, not with
destructive winds.
Observation teaches us, that when a tract of
country becomes very dry, it seems to repel or dis-
sipate clonds as they rise over it; and the prospect
of rain is nearly (perhaps I should say entirely,)
hopeless, until a brisk wind springs up, thus bring-
ing over the country, from other and more favored
parts, a more humid and better conducting atmos-
phere,
Perhaps I should before have said thatmy theory
stands upon the assumption, that a portion of at-
mosphere in contact with very dry earth becomes
completely & non-conducting medium, thus pre-
venting any electricity passing from the clonds to
the earth, and consequently preventing a conden-
sation of vapor sufficient to cause a fall of rain —
The above theory may be very absurd; but I am
sure nothing but actual experiment can refate it,
0. J. Portes,
Hesperian Plains, Piketon, Ohio, Aug., 1868.
ReMaRks.—In these days of Atlantic Telegraphs
it will hardly anawer to scout the ideas of any indi-
vidual, hence the space given to the foregoing
seemingly chimerical propositions, The assump-
tion of Mr. Paeurs, ‘that a portion of atmosphere
in contact with very dry earth becomes completely
a non-conducting medium, thus preventing any
electricity passing from the clouds to the earth,
and consequently preventing a condensation of
vapor sufficient to cause a fall of rain,” may be ad-
mitted as true, yet the balloon and conducting
rods, as proposed by Mr. P., may defeat the very
object he desires to attain, He must havea proper
atmospheric condition else the electricity may go
up in place of down, and thus prolong instead of al-
leviating the drouth, Will Mr. Paevrs give bonds
not to make the matter woree? However, the sub-
ject is worthy of discussion, and is thrown ont for
the purpose of eliciting the ideas of those who
haye devoted time to the study of this subtle ele-
ment—Eps.
LIGHTNING RODS, AGAIN,
Messns. Eps.:—In your note appended to the
article on Lightning Rods, inserted in the Ruran
of the 28th ult, you state traly, that it isa common
belief that the conduction of electricity in the
same metal depends upon the surface, This com-
mon error has arisen from confounding Static and
Dynamio Electricity, or, to use plainer language,
Electricity in motion and Electricity at rest. The
experiments of the solid and hollow rods prove
nothing in relation to this matter, for, in the case of
the tube, the surface was nearly doubled while the
section was greatly redaced, and consequently, an
equality of conducting power in both cases’ shows
that neither conductor was taxed to near its limits
—without which it would be impossible to obtain
even comparative data.
The experiment by which Povrturr decided
this point is the most accurate and the most beau-
tifal After finding the conducting power of a
round rod or wire, he flattened it 60 as to retain
the same section, while the sarface was greatly in-
creased, The conducting power remained the
same, thus proving the trath of my firat proposition.
Another experiment, devised by myself, consist-
ed in placing ten strips of thin silver leaf in a pile
with strips of paper interposed between each strip
of silver. The conducting power of the pile as
thus constructed, being ascertained, the paper
atrips were removed, and the silver strips pressed
Into close contact between two blocks of varnished
wood. The condacting power remained the same.
I recommended simply tacking the strips together
(the ends being overlapped,) for the following
reason:
Ist, Telegraph wires which are merely twisted
together answer all practical purposes.
2d, The same plan has besn used by able elec-
tricfans to convey the current from a distant bat-
tery into their laboratory, it being convenient to
have the battery out of doors to avoid the fames,
3d, It is the method adopted in the British navy
by Sir W. Sow Haners, and has never been known
to fail.
It is obvious that the longer the lap the greater
the security. The word “diameter,” for which in
your note you correctly substitute thickness, was
an oversight on my part. v P
BUILDING CISTERNS,
Messne. Epirors:—I observed in the Rorax of
the 26th Jane, a communication by J. Vanos, of
Belle Valley, Pa,, on this subject, and am heartily
glad to hear that any one will talk up the impor-
tance and means of obtaining large supplies of
rain-water; one of the most desirable appendages
to a household, for all family uses. It is troly sur-
prising, 80 many people will spend large sums of
money in digging wells, with the uncertainties of
obtaining water, except second-rate, (if any) par-
ticularly in lime-stone sections of country, when
if the money thus used had been invested in mak-
ing /arge cisterns, to contain the floods of clear rain-
water that annually pour off the houses, they would
be so much better seryed every way,
While his plan mustresult in having a very good
cistern, it seemed to me (not exactly ambiguous)
rather complex in detail. There appears to be
considerable engineering, so to speak, in getting
it completed; so, T ‘would suggest a plan, too,
by which one may be more readily made, and an-
swer an excellent ose,
Dig o hole the diameter and depth desired, (and
don’t make asmall ove,) then cighteen inches from
the edge, commence and dig down all around, some
eighteen inches deep, In thisspace build op with
stone, laid in water lime, for the purpose of form-
ing more permanent rim, or protection to the
mouth of the space dug out, avoiding the tendency,
from any cause, to cayein. In this stone work in-
sert your joists or cross piects—upon which you
will plank and cover the clstern—these pieces
should be a foot or more from the top, sufficient to
allow the covering to prevent the plastering from
freezing. The work of plastering may now be
commenced, and completed the usual way, always
using clean and coarse sand, and let it be thor-
onghly dry before letting the jwater in. It is well,
where it can be obtained, tofinish with a coat of
Rosendale Cement, as it préyents much of the
hardness of the water, observable when lime alone
ig used, |
The curb, water pipe, and ihlet will be located
at pleasure, the usual way; rec)mmending also, to
continue the conductor pipe from the roof into
the cistern within a foot of th} bottom, placeing
a flat stone where the be is, to prevent the
wear on the cement; thus the ftesh water is taken
in at the bottom, and the waste pipe being at the
top, the water is less liable to become impure by
standing inactive. The pipe edtering the cistern
should be made of zinc, it beingless lable than tin
to oxydize or rost out. | 6
It is very desirable to so plac the cistern that a
pipe from near the bottom cay be taken into the
cellar, where, having a large faucet, the water can be
#0 easily applied to a properly c@structed portable
water filter, thus securing the|most healthy, the
purest and sweetest of water, fir all culinary and
drinking purposes. |
This method is recommendid from long ex-
perience, as the cheapest, and)more conyenient
than the plap of making a cisten-filter, adopted by
some, The latter answer a ver good purpose if
properly made, bat the objectims are, the trouble
and expense of making, also thefact that so much
more water is filtered than is recessary for daily
consumption, it becomes less pire and perfect by
standing in an inactive state-then there is so
much more water filtered thangsed, the power is
undaly exhausted,—and finally fie trouble and ex-
e of re-packing. ; kK
, Conn., August, 1858. |
CROPS IN STARK Ci, OHIO.
Wnear.—The wheat crop has siffered immensely
by rust and weevil. Wheat on tle upland has suf-
fered the least. The opinion ofour best farmers
is, that there will be about thee-quarters of a
crop this year, The wheat bestadapted to this,
and adjoining counties, is the Tediterranean—it
requires a peck or@ half a bushd more of seed to
the acre,
Ryg.—Rye istolerably good thi year. Inoticed
a piece this harvest that had be@ entirely ruined
by the weevil—something veryBingular for this
locality. j
Bantey.—This orop is very gj0d, but it is on-
profitable as will appear by the aexed prices.
Coun.—The crop this year ies promising as
in 1855. |
Oars.—This crop also ufferedby the rust, caus-
ing it to fall so flat that we had (mow it,
Poratoxrs look exceedingly
Mangers,—Wheat, Red, 90c! ite, $1,00 per
boshel. Rye, 60cta Barley, 20 Corn, Técts.
Oats, 26ote. T. J. Roaon.
Paris, Stark Co., Ohio, 1858.
ya -
LARGE FLEECB.
=
Eprrors Ruran:—Notiolng ofasionally in the
columns of the Runar, weights oheavy fleeces of
wool—reports of sheep shearig festivals, &c,
therefore, I send you the result d the shearing of
small flock of my own, as follops:
One Yearling Buck of thirteenmonths growth,
weight of fleece, 23'lbs; weight # carcass, 76 lbs.
Also, a flock of ten Bucks, samebge as above,—
Average weight of fleece, 15 lit 402; average
weight of carcass, 72 Iba
Unlike Mr, Tart, I roant it distfotly understood
that the sheep that sheared the hove weights of
fleecea were heavily grained,—péhaps they con.
GRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER.
sumed too much grain for their fature bencfit; also,
their conveniences for wallowing in plenty of dirt
were middling good. I should consider it a fruit-
less task to attempt to make a wool-growing com-
munity believe that my sheep sheared a3 heavy
fleeces of clean wool as some particular men report
their sheep to shear, fed only on hay and grass,
Wheeler, Steuben Co., 1858. JoLies Stiokwer,
——_——_+.
CONDENSED CORRESPONDENCE,
Waar, Conn anv Poratoxs rn OaiE Co, Inn —
A correspondent of the Rurar (B. J.) writing from
Oregon, Ill ,says:—“The wheat crop in this seotion
is very poor—some fields yield about 34 bushels
per acre, The corn crop promises to be superior,
Potatoes are bat middling, and the rot is beginning
to manifest itself, Ogle county holds her Annual
Fair, at Oregon, on the 5th, 6th, and 7th of October,
To Prevent Musquirozs Birixa. — B. Roogss,
of Scottsville, asks, “what will prevent musquitoes
biting?” I have always found the application of
the spirits of camphor a sure preventive. I hope,
Mr, Epirox, o3 you are laboring to benefit others,
you, yourself, may be benefited by thia simple
piece of information, and for the future make no
unsuccessful attempts to rid yourself of those trou-
blesome insects —A Hovusswirs, Herkimer, N. Y.
How 1o Kitt Live-For-Evsr.—! have noticed,
in the Rusa, an inquiry of the above import. I
will give you our experience. We have a three-
acre lot, of good soil, that, twenty years ago, was
literally covered with this pest. We used to plow,
plant, and sow it, in turn with the other lots—
carting off loads and loads of the roots; but stock
it down and it was as green as ever. At last we
put sheep upon it—changing to another pasture
about once a week, They cropped it off some,
but our chief exterminator was salt. Salt, enough
of it, will kill almost anything. We sprinkled fine
salt on the branches freely, letting the sheep and
the rest of the stock éat of it what they would,
pnt on old brine and all refuse salt, and it entirely
disappeared. We have plowed the lot since, but
there is none to be seen, We cay, then, salt it to
death. Don't mow it; every leaf or particle that
drops will make a new root—E. H. Wriaut,
Milton, Conn., 1858,
INQUIRIES AND ANSWERS.
A Sonstirore For Renner, —I wonld like to in-
quire through the Rorat if there is a substitate for
rennet in cheese-making?— Mans. M. J. W,, West-
ville, La Porte Co., Ia., 1858,
Boryixo Potators—I wish to be informed,
through the colamns ef the Rurat, of the best
method of burying potatoes to preserve them thro’
the winter in good condition. Will any one who
koows by experience, respond?—W. ©., Homer,
Cortland Co., N. ¥., 1858,
Gaus oN Horsrs—A four year old colt has
been afflicted with lamps on the neck, which be-
came raw during plowing, or when he was worked
hard. By stating the cause or the cure, you will
greatly oblige—A Sussoripes, Cardington, Olno.
Tae query of “A Subscriber,” is rather in-
definite, but we infer that the friction of the collar
produced excoriation. New horses are yery liable
to have the skin injured by the harness—it is
tender, and a little matter exposes the quick—
Prevention is better than cure, and this depends
upon the driver. As a preventive, after every
journey the neck should be closely examined, If
there be any spot, however little abraded, hot and
tender, when pinched, that part of the collar which
produced it, should be ont out before the next
journey. The guard or safe, is a useful article to
prevent galls of this kind. It is merely a thin slip
of soft leather, covering the seat of the collar. It
obviates friction, and prevents injurious pressure
from any little protuberance or hardness in the
stuffing of the collar. On the first or second
journey a new horse often comes in with his neck
somewhat inflamed; it is hot, tender, and covered
with pimples. In the stables it is said to be fired.
A solution of common salt in water is usually ap
plied, and it serves to allay the inflammation; it
should be applied whenever the collar is removed.
Tamora, containg bloody water, frequently rise on
the neck. They should be opened immediately,
emptied, and kept open for a few days, The
piece should be taken out of the collar, and a safe
used, Asa preventive we know of nothing better
than frequent bathing of the neck in a solution of
whiskey and alam—as mach alum being put in
the liquid as it will dissolve—and this, when per-
sisted in, we have known to actually cure the worst
cases, even when the animal has been kept in
continued service,
Fow. Mzapow Grass,—What is Fowl Meadow
Grass?—S. G. M., Benton, Luz. Co., Pa.
Rewarks.—This is a valuable grass for low,
moist meadows, Fuinr describes it thus:—“Tho
specific charaoteristios of this species are two to
four, sometimes five, flowered spikelets, oval, spear
shaped lignles elongated, flowers acutish, green,
often tinged with purple, roots slightly creeping;
wet meadows and banks of streams, very common.
Flowers in July and August. In long continued
moist weather the lower joints send up flowering
stema The panicle is erect and spreading when
in flower, but more contracted and drooping when
ripe. This grass grows abundantly in almost every
part of New Bngland, especially where it has been
introduced and cultivated in suitable ground, such
as the borders of rivera and intervals occasionally
overflowed. It will not endare to be long covered
with water, especially inwarm weather. It is well
to let a piece go to seed, saye the seed and scatter
it over low lands, It makes an excellent grass for
oxen, cows and sheep, but is thought to be rather
fine for horses, It never grows so coarse Or hard
but that the stalk is sweet and tender, and caten
without waste. It is very easily made into hay,
and is more nutritive, according to Sinclair, than
either foxtail, orchard grass, or tall meadow oat
grass, Owing to its constantly sending forth
flowering stems, the grass of the lattermath con-
tains more nutritive matter than the first crop at
the time of flowering, hence the names fertilis and
serotina, fertile and late flowering meadow grass.
It thrives best when mixed with other grasses, and
deserves a place in all mixtures for rich moist
pastares.””
SEPTEMBER 4,
aval
ee
Wagar snp Cazss—Keep COOL, reader excitable,
forwe do not purpose to agitate the subject of
transmutation sofficlently to open a Prolix and
unprofitable discussion. The N. Y, says:
“Mr, John Carpenter, of Raipsville, Tnd,, ends
us a fine, plamp head of Wheat with a Chess grow.
ing out of one side of it,” Though honestly made,
we doubt the correctness of this assertion, and will
give areason why we disbelfeve, Twoorthree years
ago two heads of wheat were sent us from different
localities, presenting every appearance, at first
sight, of having “chess growing ont of the sides”
of them; buton close inspection it was found that
the wheat ond chees did not grow together, though
they were so closely attached as to deceive those
willing to believe without critical examination,
Accounts of these were published in the Rugar at
the time. In one case the sample had been pre-
viously shown by Judge Waronn, of Iro; lequoit,
to the editor of one of onr daily papers, —
it published to the world that the long mooted
question was settled! We soon convinced Judge
W., however, that the announcement was prema
ture, albeit himself, the editor aforesaid, and many
others who had seen the curiosity, bad supposed
there wasmo doubt on the eubject. Now, we eus-
pect that the Tribane man has been deceived or
“sold” in a similar manner; at least we will give
him a new beaver if he will show us (or send to the
next N. Y. State Fair, at our expense,) a head of
wheat with genuine chess ‘growing out of one
side of it”
Tue Corton Cxor.—Under date of Aug, 17, Dr.
M. W. Paruuirs, an extensive planter, of Hinds
Co,, Miss, writes as follows:—“This has been an
awful yearfor the Cotton Planters—overflow, 1ains
and worms, with no prospect forthe better, Rains
every day, when we need all the clear ennshineand
dry weather possible. Well, it is so, and we should
be content to believe all will be well. Notwith-
standing all these backsets, we have a goodly
country, a noble country, and much cotton will be
made, I put the figures at 2,500,000 bales, not to
exceed 2,760,000, and at a value of $125,000,000. I
think from Memphis to New Orleans is the most
desirable country on earth, and that the leading
agricultural spirit can see more than snywhere
else to elevate, expand, and give a true feeling of
the greatness of our land and nation. I would
like to have all your Northern leading agricnl-
turists visit this country.””
— Dr. P. will accept our acknowledgments for
the kind invitation and offer of hospitality, which
accompanied the aboye— and our regrets that we
cannot yet awhile visit him and the rich region of
country to which he alludes.
AYRSHIRE Cartir ror Mass.—A late number
of the Ayrshire Dxpress, published in Ayr, Scot-
land, makes the following announcement:—*“ An-
other compliment has just been paid to the skill of
our Ayrshire farmers, by the purchase, by Mr.
Sanrorp Howarp, of Boston, U. 8. America, of six
bulls and eighteen cows end heifers, for the Massa-
chusetts State Ag. Society, and varionsindividnals,
These enimals are from the yery best stocks, and
are of the very best quality in the country.”
Among the individuals for whom a portion of
the above animals were purchased, are J. 8. Casor
and Dr. Lorine of Boston, Mr. Canrsr of Worces-
ter, and Hon. Jonn Brooks of Princeton. The
animals are expected to arrive this week.
Frost iy Taz SourHERn TreER—GRASSHOPPERS,
&a—A correspondent of the Ronan (J. C.) writing
from Owego, under date August 24th, says:—“ This
vicinity has been visited by an early frost, also in
Litchfield, Bradford Co., Pa, on the night of the
18th. Several other places had a slight touch on
the 22d and 23d. Little or no damage has been
done. Grasshoppers are doing considerable mis-
chief to growing crops, as well as pastures and
meadows. We are also having quite a drouth,
while a short distance from us rain is not un-
frequent.”
——_-+-__—_.
Narronau Horss Farrs—Three Horse Shows,
each claiming to be “ National,” are to be held the
present season. As already announced, one is to
be held at Springfield, Mass, Sept. 14th to 17th,
inclusive. Michigan announces two—one at Cold-
water this week, (Sept 1st to 4tb,) and the other at
Kalamazoo, Oct 12th, 13th and 14th. Though the
premium lists of the Michigan Faira are not as
large as the former, they are varied and liberal, and
from the character of the managers and people we
doubt not the exhibitions will prove creditable to
the Peninsular State.
—_—_-+-____
Aonicurturan Farrs—In addition to the large
number of Fairs recently announced in the Rurar,
we give the times and places of holding two or
three others in this State, from information obtain-
ed during the past week. The Genesee Co. Pair is
to be held at Batavia, Sept 10th, 17th ond 18th.
Wayne County, at Lyons Sept. 22d and 23d. The
Nunda Union (several Towns,) at Nunda, Liv. Co.,
N. Y,, Sept. Sth and 9th.
Tae Hoa CuorznA—Remedy.—This disease has
recently appeared, in its most virulent form, in
Frederick Co., Md. Mr. Parga Couisr, who lost
thirty head, arrested the disease, and saved the
remainder of his hogs, by using the following
remedy:—1 pound of sulphur, 1 pound of rosin and
} pound saltpetre, beaten into a powder, and give
in the preportion of alarge spoonful to seven hogs,
every other day,
Surmnion WaeEat iv Nenzaska.—The Nebraska
City News makes the following reference to the
wheat:—The winter wheat now harvested and
being threshed ont, in this and Douglas Counties,
weighs from 61 to 62 Iba to the bushel. And we
venture to say a more beautiful article was never i
raised in any other State or Territory.
A
this remark by some sensible
os invested in & tool, and the tool
exposed to the weather, is like money loaned to a
spendthrift with no eecurity received. In both in-
‘atances it is adead loss, and the result of indolence
or inexcusable indifference to one’s own interest.
"SEPTEMBER. 4
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER.
Orchard aud Garden.
HORTICULTURAL NOTES.
ArrEn spending a day smong the nurseries and
froit and flower gardens, we retarn to our desk, a
little weary, bat delighted, and thankful to the
Giver of all Good, who has adorned our earth with
80 much of beauty, so much to please the eye,
ratify the taste, and elevatetbebeart Difficalties
the cultivator has to contend with—insects, and
Aiseases, and unfavorable seasons, sometimes blast
his hopes, and slways make care end vigilance
essential to success, — yet the flowers orc alwsys
gay, and lasclous fruits are always found in the
gardens of the diligent. _
Unpacking the specimens we have collected in
our travels, and spreading them ontin bright array
before us, and opening our note book for memo-
randa taken on the grounds, we will give our read-
era 4 little horticultural gossip, First, we have the
Peans The fall yorleties are now ripening, and
although the crop is not as large as some seasons,
we never saw finer specimens, The Limon which
we have jaost now eaten, in perfection, and of
which we give an engraving, {s of mediumaize, ob-
ovate, resembling a small, white Doyenne in size
and form. In color it is greonish-yellow, sprinkled
with reddish dote, and often marbled red on the
sunny side and around the crown, Stem about an
inch long, moderately atout and inserted in a shal-
low depression. Calyx small, open and shallow,
flesh fine, melting, sweet, musky, somewhat resem-
bling the Bartlett in flayorand perfume. The tree
is a free grower, and good bearer. This is a Bel-
gian froit, and will rank among the best summer
pears of medium size, We give an engraving of
this variety below.
The Tyson is nearly double the size of the above,
and the tree is an upright, vigorous grower, mak-
ing 8 most beantifal tree, It originated near Phil-
adelphia. Flesh jaicy, melting, sugary and slightly
aromatic.
Rousselet Stuttgart is a small pear, of pyramidal
shape. Flesh rather coarse, juicy, melting, sweet,
with a rich flavor, and aromatic.
The Bartletts are ripening, and specimens picked
early are now fally ripe. Our market is pretty
well supplied with this excellent froit The only
objection we ever heard urged against this pear,
that it ripens with the peaches, is of little account
this season, as our peach orchards will not give us
ataste, By the by, we saw some very fine, thrifty
Bartletts, to-day, on the quince root, and loaded
with frnit.
Dwarf trees of the Vicar of Winkfield are every-
where bearing an excellent crop. Indeed, many
of the trees are suffering, becanse the fruit was not
thinned ont early inthe season. A little attention
to thinning the froit on dwarf trees will be labor
well expended. When a tree is allowed to over-
bear, it not only affects the growth of the tree, but
the crop is apt to be small the next season, Bya
little care on this point dwarf trees will give a good
crop of fruit every year.
The Louis Bonne de Jersey is another very pro-
ductive sort both on quince and pear stocks, “It
seems to produce a good crop most uniformly, and
sometimes with very poor culture, We never saw
finer specimens of Buerre Supenfin and Buerre a
Anjou than sre now on the trees, Mr. EyLwANGER
thinks we did not do justice to the Pulsifer, in our
notice last week. We desoribed it from the speoi-
mens we tasted, “a yery good, pleasant, but not
high flavored froit.” The specimens we had were
perhaps picked too early; indeed, we think they
were wind-falls, that were kept until they ripened.
Mr. E. pronounces good specimens ripened and
eaten since onr notice, as very highfavured.
eX
A
THE LIMON PEAR.
Among the Piuas, we have to-day (Aug. 31st)
eaten the Lawrence, a delicious plum, a seedling
from the Green Gage, which we described last
week; also, the Bradshaw, one of the finest of the
large plams, It is about the size of the Yellow
Egg, ofa dark violetred, witha bluish bloom. The
flesh is yellowish-green, rather coarse, but juicy,
Sweet and pleasant. The tree is very vigorous,
and bears most abundant crops. Diapre Rouge is
& very beantifal, mediom sized French plum, of
fine flavor. Its color is bright red.
THE JAPAN LILY.
large as the Bradshaw, very deep purple, with a
very thick bloom, rich and fine. Goliath is alarge,
round plum, skin a deep red, and very prettily
mottled with green and brown, and almost covered
with fine dota, It ia very jaicy, with a sprightly
flavor, Nelson's Victory ia a delicate plam of me-
diom size, very jaioy, and the color, which we can
hardly describe, isa delicate mixture of crimsonand
yellow. Those who have become discouraged with
attempting to grow plums on account of the cur-
cullo, should visit the plam orchard of ExnpwanaER
& Baxny, of this city, where all our specimens
were obtained, and they will there see scores of
trees bearing a fall crop of this frnit.
~ GOLIATH.
In the ornaments! grounds, the Alheas are at
this time conspicuous, and they are invaluable, on
account of their late flowering, All lawns and
ornamental grounds should contain a few Alfheas.
The season has been very unfavorable for the
growth of Dalilias, and we fear our fall show of
this queen of flowers will be quite behind that of
other seasons, The Bedding Plants, particularly
the Verbenas and Petunias, are the gayest of the
gay. How much do we owe to these two flowers
From carly summer, until November, they greet us
with smiles of beauty, in their thonsands of bright
and laughing eyes,
The Gladiolus and the Japan Lilies vio with each
other, end equally command the admiration of
the observer. The Japan Lily is as hardy as the
Tiger or any of our garden lilies, and should be
planted more generally. They were bronght from
Japan about twenty years ago, and we have known
them in this country some ten or twelve years, bat
the high price at which they have been sold has
Prevented many from planting. They are now so
cheap as to be within the means of all, and as they
exhibita striking and delicate combination of col-
ors, possess a fine perfame, and are hardy, and of
the easiest culture, we hope all lovers of flowers
will remember the Japan Lilies, when planting this
fall. There are several varieties, and we give an
engraving of one of the best, Speciosum.
The Annuals are now among the most showy of
the flowers. These cost nothing but a little labor,
and every village lot and every farmers’ “ door.
yard” may be adorned with them. Phlox Drwn-
mondii and the Balsams, and the Amaranths are
now as fine as can be desired, and the Aster, that
beautiful fall flower, is being very much improved.
Some of the brond-petaled, or Peony Asters, are
almost as perfect and beautiful as a good dahlia.
Paopuctive Dwanr Pear Trees.—Abont a
mile or go south of this city, on the grounds o
Wat Kixg, we saw five Louise Bonne de Jersey pear
trees on the quince root, eight years planted, and
well loaded with fruit, almost ft to gather. ‘They
are healthy and vigorous, and the fruit from these
trees last year sold for twenty-four dollars. This
looks as if growing pears would pay.
A Fine Frouir Garvey anp AvENvE.— Now
that the fall froits are ripening, and the frait
gardens and orchards can be seen under the
most favorable circumstances for gaining infor-
mation, we design to visitas many of our friends
as possible within a convenient distance. To-day
we accepted an invitation to visit the grounds of
Jaomes Bucway, situated less than two miles from
the center of the city; and here, in a quiet, un-
pretending spot, we found one of the best fruit
gardens it has been our fortane to visit in a long
time, On entering the grounds we found ourselves
in a beantifal avenue, some 40 feet in width and
1,200 feet in length, both sides thickly planted with
deciduons and evergreen trees, many of them
Stown to 20 or 80 feet in height, and fornishing
an ce of grateful shade, This is the only
fine avenue we have about onr city. The
fruit garden proper we foand contained over five
acres, In which we were delighted to see pear
trees of all our most popular gorts, loaded with
fruit, Abeut 100 standard pear trees, planted
some eleyen years ag0,—Bartletts, Virgalieus,
Beurre Diels, &c,,—were mMngnificent trees, show-
ing every sign of health and productiveness. A
Flemish Beauty, some fifteen feet in height, was 80
loaded with frnit that almost every branch had to
be supported with stakes and poles to prevent the
entire destruction of the tree. Mr. Bocaan only
commenced to plant dwarfs abont four years since,
bat has now some 400, all healthy and vigorous,
and many of them beautifal specimens, bearing
from half-a-dozen to fifty fine pears. Here, too, we
found an orchard of standard apple trees, of about
an acre, beautiful in form, the tranks of many of
them entirely hid bythe oyer-hanging branches.
Here, at least, the fruit garden always rewards the
intelligent, industrious cultivator, while it exposes
and punishes the careless and negligent.
DO QUINCES PRODUCE BLIGHT?
Messrs, Eps. :—Can you or any of your numer-
ous correspondents inform me through the Rura1
if Pear Trees in the immediate vicinity of old
quince bushes are more Mable to blight than those
Moreremote? Iwill state one case:—Some five or
six years since, we lost three pear trees which stood
near some old quince bushes; the blight firat com-
menced on the quince, then on the pear; two
other trees were attacked at the same time, but we
saved them by cutting back. The remainder of
our trees were at some distance from these and re-
mained perfectly healthy until the present season,
when the same quince bush waa attacked with the
blight again, and the pear tree standing nearest the
quince has blighted also... We baveanother quince
bash standing in another part of our yard, (and for
want of better stocks,) we cut off part ef the top
and grafted it with the Beurre Olairgeau. This
qnince also blighted, and when the grafis had
grown to the length of one foot they blighted, and
out of eight scions set I haye but one left. The
Beurre d’Anjou and Benrre Boso, the two trees
standing nearest to this quince, Have also blighted;
the former zo bad that I have taken it ont, root and
brancb, and burned it. The above named quince
bushes are all we have, and all the blighted treea
we have had, stand near those bushes, The re-
mainder of our pear trees (150) remain perfectly
healthy. Ido not mean to gay the quince cansed
or is the cause of the blight on the pear, but it looks
rather singular that all the blight that we have had
should be on trees in the immediate vicinity of
these old quince busher, while the others are per-
fectly healtby. This may he acoidental, but if
others have trees similarly affected, we shall be
glad to hear from them, as this blight is a very
mysterious disease. Please give all the light you
possess on this subject J. & Crarre
Greece, N.Y, Aug., 1858.
Remargs—We have never seen any evidence
that the quince produced the blight in pear treer.
The blight of the quince and pear tree is prob-
ably the same disease, though they affect the trees
cifferently, the blight of the quince being confined
principally to the tender branches. It is the opin-
ion of many good cultivators that this disease is
infectious, and the smell given off by trees badly
affected fayora this ides, as does many facts that
we might mention. The facts stated by our cor-
respondent are worthy of note, and any of our
readers who may be acquainted with facts cither
favoring or disproving the idea suggested by Mr.
Crane, will please communicate them, Nothing
is known certainly of the cause of this disease,
and as little of its cure.
THE PEAR TREE AND Is ILLS,
Havina heretofore written briefly referring to
my experience on this sabject, and time having
with me demonstrated my practice; and as other
of your readers, a3 appears by your correspond-
ence, have tested ifs merits, 1am induced to recor
to the subject again. The experiment before
stated, of paring off the dead bark from one of
my trees in particular, last year, and coating the
remaining bark with soap, im effect exceeded my
most sanguine expectations, the tree continuing
its apparent re-invigoration by the means, and this
year is loaded with frait, which is ripening in
perfection. Whether this canker upon the bark
of the body of the tree is produced by the same
cause as what is termed pear tree blight, is as yet
unknown tome, The necessity, in heavy clay soila
like mine, of tile under drains, at least three feet
in depth, contiguons to the pear trees, at least, is
dictated alike by reason and sonnd practice, from
the most sagacions cultivators of the present age,
And it is my earnest hope thot every one of your
Domerons readers will not let the coming fall and
winter pass by in like soils, where pear trees
are growing or to be planted, without thorough
draining. 8... Honea
Syracuse, N. ¥., 1859.
Eps. Ruzau:—The note with its contents has
come to hand. The writer says:—“A neighbor
has found several singalar looking “worms? npon
his cherry trees, one of which Isend you. They
seem to be quite voracious in their habits, devour-
ing the entire leaf” This is all the description
given. The frail tube of an elder, in which the
specimen was enclosed, was croshed into four
pieces, no doubt by the rathless stamp of the Post.
master—these chaps have no sympatby for the
natoralist.
A post mortem examination of the mass of
amashed matter adhering to portion of its en-
velope, revealed several Aaecsicliag pointa,
covered with short, dark brown hairs. This leads
me to infer that the insect wassimilar{n character,
to a very singular species of Caterpillar brought to
me by Mr. Geiss, Sept. 1, 1857, of which I took
drawings, illustrating it in various positions, and
inclose you a copy of them, so that your corres-
pondent may judge whether my conjecture is cor-
rect. There are, however, various species, differ-
ing in outline and color, I jndge it is the larva
of aspecies of Moth, the Pseudo Bomhyces, called
Noiodontians, order Lepidoptera; and of the genius
Limacodes Latr. (Apoda, Haworth, 2 named be-
couse they are apparently destitute of feet) The
latter name, Apodes or Apoda, ia also applied to
an order of fishes, of which the common Kel
is an example; and of course sbandoned by
entomologists,
Dr. Hanris describes a species of these extra-
ordinary Slog Caterpillars, eometimes seen on oak
trees, in the month of September. He saya;—«It
is of a dark brown color, and ig covered with a
short, velvet like down; its body is almost oblong
square, but the sides of the rings extend horizon-
tally in the form of flattened teeth; three of these
teeth on each side, that is, one on the forepart, the
middle, and the hind part of the body, are much
longer than the others, and are curved backwards
at the end. When fully grown, the Caterpillar
measures nearly an inch in length. It does not
bear confinement well, and my specimens died
without making cocoona” Suchis my experience,
also. Dr, Mensneimer, however, raised the moth,
and states that the Caterpillar eats the leayes of
the wild cherry, as well as those of the white and
red oak; that it makes its cocoon about the middle
of September; changes to achrysalis the following
April, and that the moth appears in about eight
weeks afierwarda, The name given to this insect
by Sir J. E. Ssunn, (Abbots “Insects of Georgia,”
p. 147, pl. 74,) 1s Pithecium,the meaning of which
is, shrivelled and monkey-faced ald toman.
In ita winged state, Limacodes pithecium, or the
hag-moth, as it is called, is of a dusky browncolor;
its fore-wings are variegated with light yellowish
brown, and with a narrow curved and wayy band,
of the same light color, edged externally with
dark brown near the onter margin, and a light
brown spot near the middle; the fringes of all the
wings are spotted with light brown; the legs are
covered with long hairs; the antennw, in both
sexes, are slender, almost thread like, and not
feathered. Ibexpands from nearly one inch to ove
inch and a quarter,
Fig. 1 shows the upper part, and hairy scollops
or teeth, of the specimen in my collection, covered
with velvety hairs, of a mottled mahogany color.
Fig. 2. The same, turned up to show its under side.
Fig. 8. The retractile head, antenne and jaws,
magnified,
In place of pro-lega, there are a series of bladdery-
like elevations on its abdomen, which seem to have
the power of exhansting the nir beneath them—
they swell and sink in succession, like wayes in
motion. The body has an orange-yellow fleshy
margin, above this there is arow of small wart-
like granules, covered by short radiating baira, on
a bare fleshy space adjoining to the hairy project-
ing appendages, as shown in figa land 2, Tosce
this queer thing in motion, isenongh to fill ns with
wonder and gurprise; under the lense, it looks like
a Baffalo robe thrown oyer its body, with the skin
of the legs expanded in front and rear—so odd is
its appearance, that! conld not believe at firat that
it was a part of the insect, but some assumed coy-
ering, like the leafy envelopes of the basket-worm.
The allied genns Oiketicus and Psyche, are remark-
able forthe habit which their lary have of con-
structing for themselyes portable cases, of bits of
grass, and sticks or leaves, in which they reaide,
and undergo their transformations, In this re-
spect these ingecta represent the Cadoiceworm,
Phryganeide, And Mr, Newatan asserta that they
ought to be removed from the present order. Be
that as it may, I shall not attempt a discussion,
content to know what the creatyre is, I haye im-
parted all that I deem necessary to give your in-
quiring correspondent a clue to further investiga-
tion, and will esteem it a favor if he will forward
me a perfect insect; and, if possible, a larva of the
same, Tacos Sraurrer.
Lancaster, Penn., Angust, 1868,
———--+—_____
Tasrpeenizs—Scumer Cane axp Pacxing.—
The fact that many readers of the Rurat may for-
get the importance of pruning and cultivating the
Raspberry at this season of the year, is the reason
for this article, It is my practice, a8 soon as the
fruit season with them Is over, to cut out all the
old canes carefully, as well as the weak and slender
new ones—pinching off the ends of those T leave,
if of snfficient height—stirring up snd pulverizing
the soil about the root. Inso doing I largely in-
crease the facilities to their matority and growth,
with the prospect of at least four times the usual
qnantity end quality of froit the coming year—S,
N. Houmes, Syracuse, M. ¥., 1858,
HOW TO DO UP SHIRT Bosoms,
Mxsses. Ens:—It is a rainy morning — Mra,
M— is busy in the cheese room, but wishes
mé, through the Rurat, to tell Joszrumee how to
“do Up” shirt bosoms nicely—for the trath is she
abhors a mussy-looking shirt on aman. She says
when the clothes are ready to iron, take poarl starch,
make it rather thick when boiled, (like thick jelly)
rab it into the clothes over night—next morning —
iron in the usmal way ‘ill dry, Have an ironing
board—the size of the bosoms with three or four
thicknesses of cloth sewed over it to ran nnder the
bosome—now take a linen cloth, wet {t and ring it
out as dry as you cad, and with it just dampen by
lightly rubbing it over the bosom, Take your pol-
ishing iron and rub it hard 4nd quickly over it—if
you want an extra shine on, ‘and repeat
the rubbing. If you have not a Pollshing iron,
any common ronnd-pointed fron will do by using
the point, only. The polishing iron should have
two slightly convex surfaces—one on the point
and one on the heel. & GM.
Benton, Luserne Co,, Pa., 1868.
TO DRY SWEET CORN FOR sUCCOTASH.
Massus. Ens.:—T saw in a recent number of the
Rusax 8 call for @ recipe to dry Sweet Corn for
Suocotash, for winter use, Having seen two or
three recipes, I thought I would give you my plan,
which I think fs fur better than the slow, tedious
process of drying in the oven, Pick the corn
when fit for present use, (the Stowell Ia tho Best,)
strip off the husks and silk, put it Into hot water
and Jet it scald (not boil) a sufficient length of time
tol cook the milk, which will facilitate its drying
very mah. Take it out, cat the corn from the
cob, and spread it on sheets or tablecloths in the
sun to dry. If got ont early on a fine doy it will
be oat of danger by night, but not sufficiently dry
to keep; repeat the drying process until perfectly
dry, then put it-up in sacks forfature use, We
know this to be a good way from long experlence,
Greece, N. ¥., 1858, Mus. J, 8, Cuankn,
Experserny Wine —I have seen a recipe in
your valuable paper for almost everything but
elderberry wine, and haying one I know to bo
good, Isend it, Having taken the largest stems
from the berries, put them into a kettle with water
enough to scald them. Measure the water yon put
in. When well ecalded, strain, and to every pint
and a half of jnice, allow one quartof water, mak-
ing allowance for what you put in to scald them,
and to every pint of joice, add three fourth of a
ponnd of sugar, then return to the kettle, scald
and strain into a clean jar. When cold, toast a
slice of bread, put yeast on both sides and lay
gently on the top. When done fermenting, put
ginger, cloves, and cinnamon fnte a little bag and
place init, When done hissing, take ont the bog,
put the liquor ina cask, but do not close too tight,
let it stand undistarbed several months, It ia bet-
tev for havingsge. Those troubled with asthma
will Bnd it a great medicine—Lima, Albion, W. Y.,
1858.
Nevraora.—Will you, or any of your readers,
give, through the columns of the Runan, a safe
and sure cure for Neuralgia, and oblige an sfiitet-
ed person, who has used many things, but without
success?—O,
Rewanks.—We haye never found anything bet-
ter for this distressing complaint than an applica-
tion of chloroform and landanum, one part of
the former to three of the latter. If the disease
is confined to the head, bathe the face, and moisten
4 little cotton-batting in the mixture and place it
in the ear. Should any of the teeth be decayed,
clean them ont and place a small quantity of cot-
ton, after a slight immersion, in the cavities,
Sticarsa Satve—One bb. rosin; 1 oz. mutton
tallow; 2 ozs, Beeswax; 2 ozs. turpentine; } oz.
sweet oil—melt all together, and when thoroughly
incorporated, take it from the fire end add one
ounce of pulyerized camphor gum. If there is
not heat enough in the mass to melt it, set it over
the fire again. When partly cool, work it like
shoemaker’s wax into rolls.) We have used plaster
made from the foregoing recipe in our family for
seyeral years past, and consider it excellent—A.
T, Ni, Otego, N. ¥., 1858
.
Sroxes Case.—I have noticed a number of
recipes in your valuable paper for making sponge
cake, and will add another which I know to be
good. Take one pound of white sugar; eleven
eggs—separate the whites frdm the yolks and beat
the whites to a solid froth, stir the yolks and sugar
together until the lamps aro all removed, then put
all together, and add one-half pound of flour—
have the oven ready and get {t in aa quick as poa-
sible. Add a little salt and nutmeg —O,, Portage
Ca., Ohio, 1858,
Goop Vinzean—Good vinegar may be made by
putting three gallons of pure tain water, one pint
of molasses, and a plece of “mother” together,
into astone jar. Setina warm place, It will be
good in about four weeka—S, G. L, Gorlam, N
Y, 1858.
=
Proxusp Towators. —Take small, smooth to-
matoes, not very ripe; scald them until the skin
will slip off easily, and sprinkle salt over them,
After they haye stood twenty-four honrs, drain of
the juice, and pour on a boiling hot pickle, com-
posed of one ponnd of sugar to every quart of
vinegar, and two teaspoonfuls each of cinnamon
and cloves, Drain off the liqaid, scald it, and
ponr it on them again, every two days, for a week.
—Selected.
oo
Tomato Carsvr.— Take one half bushel of to-
matoes, scald them, and press them through a
common gieve, Boil them down one-bulf; then
add two | la of salt; one of black pep-
per; one t ‘of cayenne pepper; one-half
of cloves; one-half of cinnamon; and one-half of
mace,’ Mix well, and add one teacupfal of vino-
gar. Bottle and seal, and set in # cool place. —
Selected.
e
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER.
Laiies’ Port-§olio.
‘Wiitien for More's Baral New-Yorker.
MY BOON.
——-
BY CLARA AUGUSTA.
I asx not to dwell in s palace,
Or reign in courtly balis—
To be the toast at the banquet,
‘The belle at the season balls;
Leare not for Fame's proud chaplet,
Of world-praised genius boro—
For the laurel has many @ poison drop,
The rose s hidden thorn.
Bat I plead for a meek contentment,
A beart filled up with love—
A faith to hope for ali things,
A trast in Him above!
Icrare the child, Hamility,
And Charity—may abe rest,
Ever a cherished dweller,
Eternal in my breast.
When I go through the shadows,
Porth on the Unknown Sea—
Gop, let me trust Tay mercy,
Lean my doubtings all on Thee!
Aud ye that are left behind me,
Raise no sculptured biers,
No leaning, sorrowfal statues,
Task but the poor man’s tears
What is a costly cenotaph?
Perishing, soulless, and cold,
Bat the tears of those ye have cared for
Are batter than j r gold!
The grief of one ye comforted,
Raised from the depths of despair,
Is better than pillars or tablets,
° For the Aeart of a mourner is there!
Farmington, N. H., 1858. Pd
Written for Moort's Rural New-Yorke.
DOMESTIC CARES, ~
Ir seems to me that one great cause for the dis-
turbances and yexations of domestic life, is the too
universal habit of overlooking the ten thousand
every-day trifle, In every house where there is
no system, no order, no arrangement, there must
be contentions, trials, diMculties, There are nearly
always some members in a family, who, without
aim, or reflection, feel excused from the necessity
of attending to this or that little daty—whbich
must sorely fall to the lot of some one to do—and
thus there are some who are over burdened with
taska, Daties are neglected, and, hence acoumn-
Jate—meals ore behind time—other things are not
ready in season, cansing delay, vexation, fault-find-
ing, recrimination, falsehood, and a host of evila.
There are few people in the country who are ex-
empt from household cares, by reason of a multi-
piloity of servants to attend to every thing needed,
and those who indolently depend on such help,
know too well how their tasks are generally per-
formed. Hired service is sometimes, butnot often,
well done, .
Tt is always better to know how to avold trouble
then to be obliged to seck a remedy. Heedless
ness is the parent of hours of unnecessary labor
and woariness, and, generally, to be tried, is to be
croas and fretfal, especially if the work is out of
season, and because of somebody’s—perbaps your
own carelessners. Patting away a garment you
did not see that it needed a few stiches, A day's
or half day's sewing in consequence, In caring
for milk, grease, or other liquids you needlessly
epill here and there, hence scouring and scrubbing.
In preparing food, covers are left off, crumbs scat-
tered, and in & short time, hordes of flies and ants
give you an hour's annoyance—or some one else,
which is all the same, Getting things to use, you
forget to restore them to their place —somebody
wants them in haste—the whole honse in confu-
sion, every one looking hither and thither, accusa.
tions, denials, general disturbance, tears, &o. In
gutting, the room is suffered to be strewed with
shreds—pieces are piled away in confusion and
when wanted, nowhere to be found; wastefalness
of time, means, and temper ig the result, And
thus ft goes’ Many a mother who, while her child-
Ten were small, kept a neat, tidy house, and where
order and satisfaction reigned, sees as her girls and
boys grow up, her cares multiplied and increased,
instead of lessened. Disorder, waste, wranglinge,
nd no system, no peace, no happiness The
daughters and sons have been at school and learn-
¢d something more important than lessening home
cares, and sparing home daties. “Mother and
father make a great fuss about a Jitile waste here
and there, and about order, 0.” “If one must be
always on their guard abont making a /itéle work
ivsa pretty story.” And so the littles accumulate,
ALL are unhappy and many an extra dollar goes to
renew, or supply, where daties are Postponed and
neglected. Daughter lets her gloves rip, and rip—
mislays her kerohiefy veils, &o,; rans ina hurry
to get mother's—hers aro always in order—mother
can’t refase, because Mr. So-and-so, bas called to
take her out riding. By and by mother wants
them; daughter not to be found—things rumpled
and soiled. Boys wish to go away unexpectedly;
no shirt, or neok-tles done up; buttons off renta,
&c. General blow up, and prospects of a sooial
whirlwind and earthquake.
Who has not seen families who came under some
Of these desoriptions? Need people complain that
thelr tons will not stay at home—that husband is
fault-finding, and home is any thing but a quiet,
Gelightfal retreat? Let each one do their part
Without ostentation, noise, or praise. Let the
daughters, especially, assume the care of keeping
Seneral order in the house and in the wardrobes,
is your ohjeot in life, if not to be a success-
fol housekeeper? Pat away your “high falatin”
notions, roll up your sleeves, and see if you can-
not be useful and be a lady at the same time.
Sprcractes.
Errmors or Excovaaczwanr.—The celebrated
Benjamin West related that his mother once kissed
him eagerly, when he showed her a likeness he
had sketebed of bis baby sister: and he addg—
“That kiss made me @ painter.”
See
To give to the eyes, abut them early at
t and them early in the morning, and
Witten for Moore's Raral New-Yerker.
LITTLE ELNDNESSES.
How often in life we see faces lighted up with
joy, as though the soul were spesking out its very
being—a being that perhaps bas never known
what sorrow or trouble was—sporting in the sun-
shiny days that seemed created for another world.
Beantifal thoughts are suggestive of a power and
brighter aims than seems allotted to us for more
than a season, at least’ They have a graciousness
that seems to call our attention and win us from
the coilof a serpent’s charm. Then, again—if we
mark the progress of one bright face in early life,
basking fo all the childish innocence that becomes
ripened into matorer years—that same pleasing
disposition is isp in all the litde acts and
kindoesses without a'murmur. Poor creatare, it
is well for thee that yon bright clond has a silver
lining, to portray the good from the évil While
thou art enjoying life, and are bappy within thine
own home, with its own comforts and blessedness,
without are cankering bypocrites, ever ready to
destroy the bappiness if it were the very Angels
in Heaven! Yes, envy, batred and malice take
great liberties with those that have a jealous mind,
and nothing in this world seems too bitter for
them to utter against thee, to injure thy feelings
and crash that happy soul! How many enmities
aod heart-burnoings flow from such a source!—how
much bappiness is interrupted and destroyed!
Envy, jealonsy, and the malignant spirit of evil,
when they find vent by the lips, go forth on their
mission like foul fiends, to blast the reputation of
others. Shall we go on with these illustrations?
They may be taken from every condition in life,
and from all its wide relations There is note
reader who cannot point oat instances of this kind
in his own circle of acquaintances, and even set
them in a stronger light; and there is not areader
who, with the writer, would not exclaim, that there
is nothing so agreeable to our nature, so convenient
to our affuire, whether in prosperity or adversity,
as the friendship of those we love,
Tf the disposition of speaking well of others
were universally prevalent, this world would be a
comparative Paradise. We wonld see, not only
now and then a happy countenance lighted up
with joy as though the soul were speaking, but
every family group or fireside circle would bear
the impress of a Heaven upon earth. Oh! what
a haven for thought to dwellin! The child of ia
nocence, carried forward and moulded in all ten-
derness, to dwell in earth's Heaven, where nota
cast down countenance Js ever dreamed of; but is
this so? Can there be such a spot for a fireside
circle, noleas the world awake to a sense of rey-
erence? MBS, J. K. B.
August 12, 1858.
————————
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorkor.
BE EARNEST,
An earnest soul not only engages in great and
good enterprises itself, but also attracts others to
the work. Enthusiasm is thereby enkindled in
congenial minds, until the requisite number of co-
operators are secured, We know there are some
excesses to which earnest spirits are liable; but
excesses must be endured so long as man remains
mortal. It was this earnestness which gave the
positive mind of yonug MeLancrHon great power
over the actions of the thousands who thronged his
lectares from every part of Barope, It helped
Co.umsus in his noble undertaking, and moves the
Saxon race in the mighty work which they are ac-
complishing. To the earnest, arduous toil becomes
invigorating and attractive, and the soul delights
in that which would otherwise soon disgust, En-
thusiasm is the poetry of exertion, enlisting the
varied passions of the soul in behalf of those deep
problems which the intellect is endeavoring to
solve. Let us be sincere then — earnest and troe,
and we shall not be numbered with those who
\« Fast rooted to their native spot,
In life were useless and in death forgot,”
Andover, Ohio, 1858. i838.
~
INFLUENCE OF FEMALES ON SOCIETY,
Frox an accurate account of the condition of
Women {fn any country, it would not be difficult
to infer the whole state of society. So great is the
influence they exercise on the character of men,
that the latter will be elevated or degraded ac-
cording to the situation of the weaker sex. Where
women are slaves, as in Turkey, the men will be
the same; where they are treated as moral beings
—where their minds are cultivated, and they are
considered equals—the state of society most be
high, and the character of the men energetic and
noble. There is 80 much qnickness of compre-
hension, #0 much susceptibility of pure and
generous emotion, so much ardor of affection in
Women, that they constantly stimulate men to
exertion, and have, at the same time, a most
powerful agency in soothing the angry feelings,
and in mitigating the harsh and narrow propensi
ties which are generated in the strife of the
passions.
The advantages of giving a superior edacation
to women are not confined to themselves, but
have a salutary influence on our sex. The fear
that increased instroction will render them {n-
competent or neglectfal in domestic life, is absurd
in theory, and completely destroyed by facta
Women, as well as men, when once established in
life, know that there is an end of trifling; its
solicitudes and duties multiply upon them equally
fast—the former are apt to feel them much more
keenly, and too frequently abandon all previons
acquirements to devote themselves wholly to these.
But if the one sex have cultivated and refined
minds, the other must meet them from shame, if
not from sympathy. If a man finds that his wife
is not @ mere nurse or a housekeeper; that she
cap, when the occupations of the day are over,
enliven a winter's evening: that she can converse
on the usual topics of literature, and enjoy the
pleasures of superior conversation, or the reading
ofa valuable book, he must have @ perverted taste,
indeed, if it does not make home still dearer, and
prevent him from resorting to taverns for recrea-
tion, The benefits to her children need not be
mentioned; instraction and cultivated taste in a
. | mother enhance their respect and affection for her
and their love of home, and throw a charm over
the whole scene of domestic life — William Tudor,
Choice Miscellany.
THE STRANGER ON THE SILL.
5 ‘REED.
Berwrey broad fields of wheat and corm
Is the lovely home where I was born;
The peach tree Jeans against the wall,
Aod the woodbine wanders over all;
There is the shaded doorway still—
Sat» stranger's foot bas crossed the sill.
There is the barn; and, as of yore,
[can smpell the hey from the open door,
And see the busy swallows torong,
And bear the pre wee's mournful song;
Bat the stranger comes. 0! painfal proof—
His sheaves are piled to the heated roof.
There is the orehani—the very trees
That knew my chi/dnood so weil to please,
Where [ watched the shadowy moments run,
Tid my bibed more of shade than sun;
The swing from the bough still sweeps the air,
Bat the stranger's children are swinging there.
It babbles, the shady epring below,
With its balrush brook where the hazels gtow;
“Twas there I foand the ca’amus root,
And watched the minnows poise and shoot,
And heard ths rbin Jave his wing—
But the stranger’é bucket is at the spring.
0, ye, who dailfeross the sill,
Step lightly, for I love it still;
And when you crowd ths old barn’s eaves,
Then think *hat%eountiens harvest sheaves
Have passed within that scented door,
To gladden eyes that are no more.
= ee
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
“OF WHAT IS THE OLD MAN THINKING?”
An old man sits alone in the chimney corner.
The artless prattle of childhood is hashed, and
twilighv’s gathering shades darken the fields, and
creep unnoticed into the lonely room, The birds
are twittering their faint good-nights in the tree-
tops, and the bees ham softly their drowsy tunes,
The crickets chirp in the grass, and the frogs
croak by the water’s edge; but the old man heeds
them not He sits nnconscions of the sights and
sounds around him, silently commaning with his
own heart—busied with his own thoughts. Of
what is he thinking? Of a farm-house home—of
the red-cheeked girls and sun-browned lads who
called him brother—of a saintly mother, with her
sunpy smiles and loving heart—a white haired
father and his parting blessing. The old manisa
boy again; he drinks from the “moss-covered
bnoket,” fishes in the brook, hunts birdg’ nests in
the green old woods, skates on the mill-pond, and
bounds through the drifted snow on his way to
school.
Twilight deepens into night. The clock ticks
londer and londer in the stillness, but he bears it
not; moonbeams fleck the wall with silver, and
strange, fitfal shadows dance around the old man’s
arm-chair, bot he sees them not. He is still think-
ing. Thought, like a winged arrow, passes over
the intervening years of youthful tasks and pleas-
ures, and he stands erect in the pride and strength
of manhood. Now, not alone he treads life's path-
way. A fragile being—his wife—leans upon his
arm, walks by his side, clinging to him through
good and ill like the wild vine to the forest tree.
He sees again the love-lit glance of her eye, he
hears the melody of her yoice; and children, his
laughing blue-eyed children, play in and ont at
the open door, warbling with the birds in their
gleefulneas, or, wearied of play, climb upon his
knee and rest their flaxen heads upon his breast.
Laden with little care and much happiness, the
day fleets by; but the night of sorrow comes, and
one after another of the old man’s heart treasures
are laid beneath the nodding violets, until mother
and children rest together, all save one—a wan.
derer on the face of the earth, a “stranger in
strange lands,”—and tears farrow the old man’s
cheeks a3 he thinks of the absent—his youngest
and his only son.
Calmly the old man is sleeping now. His eyes
are closed, and his head droops lower and lower
on his breast; asmile lights up his countenance,
Of whatis he dreaming? He is dreaming of the
fature—not that shadowy, uncertain future of his
youth and manhood; no! the veil is drawn aside,
the portals opened, and by the light of the past he
can trace his time to come. He sees in the dis-
tance the heavenly city, nearer and nearer he ap-
proaches its shining walls, clear and more clear
sound the harp-songs of the redeemed; and now
he mingles with the “loved and lost of long ago,”—
“ A father bends o'er him with looks of delight,
His cheek is impearled with a mother's warm tear.”
Wife and children cluster round and lead him in
“green pastures” and “beside the still watera”’
Oh! what joy to the earth-wearied heart—and is it
all a dream?
Night paled into morn, and still the old man sat
in his easy chair, Golden sunbeams streamed in
upon the oaken floor, the perfame of fresh-blown
flowers floated through the open window, but he
admired not their beauty and fragrance, Merry
children rushed in with smiles and “ good-morn-
ing” greetings, but he returned not their friendly
salutations, Wondering athis silence, kind friends
gathered round the sleeper, and said in low tones,
—“The old man is dead;” but they knew nothing
of the happy thoughts, the glorious visions of the
past night, nor of the dream which began on
earth and ended in Heaven. Omzoa.
Wyoming, N. ¥., 1858,
Recagarion.— Recreation is intended to the
mind as whetting is to the scythe; to sharpen the
edge of it, which otherwise would grow doll and
binnt He, therefore, that spends his whole time in
recreation, is ever whetting, never Mowing; his
grass may grow and his steed starve. As, contra-
rily, he that always toils and never recreates, is
ever mowing, never whetting; laboring much to
little purpose; as good no scythe as no edge —
Then only doth the work go forward when the
Scythe is so seasonably and moderately whetted
that it may cut, and so cuts that it may have the
help of sharpening. I would eo interchange that I
neither be doll with work, nor idle and wanton
with recreation—Bishop Hall.
Luyrry in manner, leads to laxity in principle.
‘Writeen for Moores Raral New-Yorker.
THE MARTYRS OF TO-pay.
Tue martyrs of to-day are the heroes of the
age—the untitled nobility of the earth, ‘They may
not have suffered the headsman’s axe or the curling
flame, yet their intrepid spirits have borne, un
daunted, sufferings beyond the block, and Agonies
unknown at the stake. They are the invisible
Pillars of the Church and State—the balancing
weight when the scales are turned by passion or
shaken by ignorance. Theirs is the soothing
power that reclaims the vicious, comforts the
weary, and binds up the broken-hearted. They
dwell alike in the crowded city, the peacefal
hamlet, and the open country. Their homes are
stately mansions, sweet ootteges, and rade buts,
World-wide in their sympathies, they emphatically
Gee in self-sacrifice to those by whom they are sor.
rounded. No age so remote, no clime so distant,
Ro people so illiterate or profaned, no age so dark
and hopeless, that it bas not been illaminated by
the unquenching light of these same martyr-fires,
A few, in support of a great principle, world-wide
and incorporated with government, may have
achieved the notoriety given to thoze who have
suffered at the stake, and yet moy have less of
martyr blood than many whose lives have been an
unmitigated immolation. They are found among
the unlearned, the unhappy, and even the vicious.
Look at the humble Christian, who daily plods on,
oppressed by oare and chafed by petty perseou-
tions, ever patiently unheedfal of their annoying
effect, and sustaining a temper calmand equable—
the unfailing token of a true higher life. Who
more unmistakably displays the elements of mar-
tyrdom than the feeble invalid, calmly enduring
pain, and wrestling with suffering through long
years of aching misery and speechless agony?
Who has borne more in the perils of flame than
the undaunted wife of the inebriate, in rearing her
children to respectability and usefalneas? Who
more than she has felt the continual dropping of
an unuttered and unatterable fear at the heart—
fear that the evil may increase, even beyond the
safety of life, human or eternal?
Our age is heroic; not as when women were
drowned or beaten if they would not adjare their
belief; not as in those days when men, making no
sign and uttering no groan, were officially
butchered and burned; bat in that silent, hidden
world, which, as a lever, movea mankind. None
may know the martyrdom of the patient, neglected
wife, of the unloved husband, of the deserted
child, or disgraced parent. With euch the uni-
verse abounds,—they are those of yesterday, of
to-day, and forever, L, A. 8,
North Fairfield, O,, 1858.
—
THE OLD GARDEN,
Tae old garden! What need to write more?
The thought of the Sweet Williams comes to us
again, and the little grass pinks are sprinkling the
borders with rubies, and the blue violets cluster
modestly along the fence, and } ®onies— Heaven
restore the day we called them “ pineys’—filled vp
the corners; and over there is a row of “bache
lors’ buttons,” white, purple and blue,—gay and
varied enough for the roundabout of poor Joseph.
It is morning, and the sweet bells of the morn-
ings glories “toll their perfume” along the vine;
it is midsummer, and the old red rose, forever
sacred to memory and affection, blushes, and
blesses all the air; it is September, and the starry
China asters rise in rainbow-lighted constellations
in the grass,
The red plames of “love lies bleeding” are mov-
ing in the wind, and the marigold of French vel-
vet glitters on the gronnd—new coin of gold, jast
strack in the mint of June.
There, too, were the hollyhocks, small orches-
tras every one, for the summer bees; many a time,
gathering the edges of the leaves of his tinted
chamber together, have we made prisoner of the
solo singer, And there, all by itself, the broad
disc of the old-fashioned sun-flower tarns to the
light, while a brown bird, the Crusoe of the rock-
ing world, picks fiercely at the rare Mosaic of ita
close sown field of seed.
There, too, are the lilacs beside the garden gate,
flinging their fragrance in the open window, and
ont in the dusty streets; and there, with its broad
grasp of roots fast hold of a square rod of earth,
is the balm of Gilead, that each year out-lives the
threat of the ax and the fire.
Down the main walk were a dozen tafta or so of
garden sorrel, and over there were the feathery
plomes of the asparagus; and who would ever
forgive us for forgetting the caraway and the dill,
that made the old meeting house fragrant of a
Sanday, blended with the breath of pink and white
roses.
And how, as we think of the garden, can we
fail to remember the green, flaring boxes of wood
—hoppera wherein, upon the Lilliput acre of earth,
Spring poured its sweet treasures of sunshine and
rain? The little green boxes with the geranium
race —the lemon, the rose and the strawberry?
And the dew plant, with its frosted verdure, that
both dwelt in theee little green boxes of gardens?
And where are they all, the old-fashioned ger-
dens and flowers? Gone with the Mollya, and Pol-
lys, and Betseys—‘“as lovely and fleeting as they.”
Gone with “Coronation,” and “ Mear,” and “ Wind-
ham,” and “Wells” Gone with the old mossy
bucket
“that hung in the well.”
There are new names, new tunes and new flowers;
the gardens are splendid with statue, and fountain,
and vine; shrubs, gorgeous with the glow of tropic
suns, tower up to skies the g/azier made, and far-
naces diffase a birdless Jane, and prolong it thro’
the shivering year—B. F. Taylor.
Hazpwess or Coanacten.—Hardness is a want
of minute attention to the feelings of others; it
does not proceed from malignity or # carelessness
of inflicting pain, but from a want of delicate per-
ception of those little things by which pleasure is
conferred or pain excited. A bard person thinks
he has done enough if he does not speak ill of
your relations, your children, or your country;
and then, with the greatest good humor and yola-
bility, and with & total inattention to your indi-
vidual state and position, gallops over a thousand
fine feelings, and leaves in every step the mark of
his hoof upon your heart—Sidney Smith.
Sabbath Binsings.
Written for Moores Baral New Yockar
MY FATHER MaDE TREM ALL
“Trs sweet, when morning's
Beam o'er the earth Roe =
To gaze around on all that’s fair
And think of Nature's Gop—
To watob, while from each each
‘The twinkling dew-drops fall,
And thitk, while we their beauties view,
My Father mace them all.
“Tis sweet when pensive evening spreads
Her mantle o'er the earth,
Whediall day's busy toils are o'er
And hushed the voice of mirth;
To gaze, while o'er rook, hill, and flood,
The last bright sunbeams fall,
And think, with reverrnce and lore,
My Father made them all.
tree and fower,
‘Tin awoet to view the glory fade
From out the crimson west,
Aud watch exch radiant cloud Goat hy,
Like islands of the Diest;
While from wonumbered orbs on high
The soft beams on us fall,
To think (ob, raptare-breathing thought)
My Father mace them all.
And, ob, 'tis sweot, when on our way
Affection rhwds her light,
When friends are warm, and foes are for,
And all around looks bright:
To think ax wo the gifts receive,
From whore kind band they fall,
And feel, with warm and grateful hearts,
My Fathor made them all.
Bat sweeter still, when round our path,
The lowering storm: clouds lie,
And not a single ray of hope
Is beaming from the sky;
When like the leafets from the trees
Misfortunes on un fall—
Sweet to look upward and exclaim,
My Father made them all.
And when, upon life's chenging reene,
Doath preada bis brooding wings,
And in this earth-worn, weary heart,
Tmmortal musio rings;
Ob! ‘twill be sweet while far below
Thess morte) fetters fall,
While heaven's glories rise, to ory
My Father made them all.
Salem, Iowa, 1853.
Many.
Written for Moore's Rural Now-Yorker.
THE TWO TELEGRAPHS.
Tue mighty Cable stretches along the plateau of
the ocean from continent to continent, and along
the wire flashes thoughts with a speed so rapid that
it is too wonderfal for comprehension, Tho Atian-
tio Cable is at the bottom of the ocean, and the
news has spread all over the olvilized world, and
the whole country celebrates the event with re-
joicingsandilluminations, Every thoughtfal mind
will rejoice at an achievement so grand, and which
promises so well There is hardly any limit to ite
usefulnesa. Bat, like everything else In this life, it
may fail. That long, slender wire may break; mea-
sages sent along ita track may never reach the end,
Notwithstanding all of these contingenoles, the
achievement is so sublime that it awakens an en-
thusiasm such as has not been felt before,
There is o telegraph far older than the one that
lies buried in the ocean, and its wires never break,
and messages sent along ita track never fall to
reachtheend. It ia that avenue of communication
between man and his Maker. If we would aend a
thought to a friend we must communicate it to an
Operator, and ho will send it along the wires with
the speed of light, but at the other end there moat
be some one to receive and deliver it, or it will fail.
On this heavenly te'egraph we may send our mes-
sages, and we need no operator to give it winga,—
and not only the message but the earnest thought,
indeed, the yearning desires far outapeeda the elec-
tric spark, and even while the petition lingers upon
the lips of the petitioner it has reached the Mercy
Seat, and blessings fall.
Thousands of years these heavenly wires have
been used by every praying heart; in no instance
hasthe commonication failed. The Savior atretch-
ed these wires from the Celestial City down to
Earth, thus binding us to tho skies. Angels pro-
claimed the joyfal tidings to man, and the greatest
illaminations that the world has ever seen, followed.
It lighted up @ pathway through the sky, bot its
greatest glory was over where the Savion Jay,
These heavenly wires are always ready, and they
are free, Who will send a message?
Syracuse, N. ¥., 1868. Frron.
-
PARENTAL DUTY,
A warren in the London Leisure Hours, makea
the following remarks, which are fall of truth as
they are of good common sense:
“The father who plunges into business so deeply
that he bas no leisure for domestic duties and
pleasures, and whose only intercourse with his
children consists in a brief word of authority, or
surly lamentation over their intolerable expensive-
nese, is equally to be pitied and to be blamed.
What right has he to devote to other pursuits the
time which God has allottedto hischildren? Nor
is it an excuse to esy that he cannot support his
family in their present style of living without this
effort. I ask, by what right can his family demand
to live in a manner which requires him to neglect
his most solemn and important duties? Nor is it
an excuse to say that he wishes to leave them a
competence. Is he under obligations to leave
them that competence which he desires? Is it an
advantage to be relieved from the necessity of
labor? Besides, is money the only desirable be-
quest which a father can leave to his children?—
Surely, well cultivated intellects; hearts sensible
to domestic affection, the love of parents, of broth-
ers and sisters; a taste for home pleasures; habits
of order, regularity, and industry; hatred of vice
and vicious men, and a lively sensibility to the
excellence of virtue, areas valoable a aged: =
inheritance of property, simple property, P’
by the loss of pt habit which would render that
property a blessing.”
Ip the way to Heaven be narrow, it is not long;
and if the gate be strait, it opens into endless life.
—Beverage.
SEPT. 4.
The Educator.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
THE INTELLECTUAL CULTUBIST.
Amoxo the thousand avocations of human life,
where mental strength and energy are requisite,
the teacher's task is the most difeult All the
way from the sage and hoary-headed professor of
our Collegiate Institation, down to the gay ecbool
mistress of aixteen, the same motives prompt, the
same responsibilities welgh. They labor for the
same porpose, toil for the same greatend. Yet,
most of all, ere primary teachers responsible; for
they are moulding homan minds, stomping with
their own band impressions that must remain for-
ever—proning & twig that shall become a tree,
from which the intellectasl world shall gather a
harvest of rich frait, or warp'ng the tender etem
go that it shall develop itself foto a distorted and
ongeioly Sgare—kin Ming that God-given spark
of intelligence Into % grent fire of wisdom, or
smothering its feeble light until it shall go out in
darkoess and obscvrity, The discipline which the
child receives ia the foundation upon which is
reared the superstractare—the man, and bis char-
acter formed of materials gathered when he firet
fet out Upon tho great journey of life
Not all plants will fonrish eneath the same soll
end temperatare—neither will all minds develop
thempelves onder the same course of instraction.
There sre beantifal Mowers flourishing beneath
arctic snows in the polar regions—end there ia
benoty and fregrance in the bright blossom of the
sunny soo'h—there are minds apparently stupid
and Inactive, that could you lift the veil, could you
penetrate the darkness in which ontward circom-
stances bas enveloped them, you would find be-
neath that doll exterior, the germ of @ plant more
beantifal than any beneath polarsnowa—a brighter
flower than mother earth can boast As every
perfect seed contains witbia itself the embryo of a
new plant, a0 every perfect craniam contains the
rodiments of & haman mind. A seed will not
germinate unless exposed to moistare and the
Atmosphere, and that too at a proper temperature
—neither will the mind develop iteelf unless ox
posed to such {nflurnces as serve to call into exor-
cise thore faculties with which patare basendowed
it Asthe plant absorba moisture end the g1se8,
and pata forth leaves to be novrished by the genial
atmosphere, 0 does the mind absorb truth, and
pnt forth thoughts to the grest world without—
We may trace still farther the corresponding de-
velopment of mind and matter. When the plant
has become a tree, and is, as it were, ma‘ared, ita
growth to our eyé is less rapid, in fact, ’tis exceed.
ingly slow, though many years may have addJed
their cirole there, and the increase of size is
noarcely perceptible, Not that the earth has
consed to nourish, or the tree to absorb nutriment,
bot there is more surface over which it must be
equally distributed—a larger tree to be fed by earth
and air, And, as it increases in age and size, it
becomes leas and leas susceptible to outward infa-
encer. Thoogh the winter frost moy obill it to
the core, it cannot drive life from its stardy frame
—though the winter winds may rack it fearfally,
itcholds its footing frm and sore—thoogh time's
hoge whrels may have borne a century into eter-
nity, still it stands unshaken in its strength,
When the man has become matured, his oharac-
ter and habita formed, his progress to us is less
perceptible, though he is constantly thinking new
thoughts, and developing new ideas. He grows
within himself, though the outward observer may
not perceive it, since ‘tis enveloped in the same
exterior which presenta to the eye no change, It
is nourished, and fed, and strengthened by the
great universe of intelligence, and from tbat
mighty chaos of mind it arranges, develops, and
embodies thoogh's, and sends them forth, beautl-
fol ond living tratha. And, as be becomes strong
within himself, he yields less to the ever varying
tide of popular prejadice,—is governed less by a
copricious and changing world’s opinion. Though
the chilling winds of adversity like a wild hurri-
cane howl around, he neither falters nor trembles,
for his strength of mind and high purpose never
fail, Horears for himeelf abigh standard of right,
and lives up to the mark he hassetthere, He
weighs every man’s arguments in his own scales of
reason, and accepts them only as the balance is
against himself He measores other men’s tho'ts,
feolings and motives, by his own, and in propor-
tlon as they are wide and high, so aro they pure
and trae, Bat the narrow, pigmy, uncultivated in-
telleot—Is like o stunted, scrubby tree—neither
agreeable to look upon, nor usefal to the world—
there it stands a firmly rooted evi. And there the
ignorant, his perverse natore clinging to all that
is unclean, recognizing nothing above the material
and animal—reigns supreme. We cannot prone
the stunted shrub and develop it into a beantifol
and flourishing troe, neither cana mind matured
in ignorance, be developed into a just and troe
representative of the individualized intelligence it
was oreated,
Bot if that plant, while it were young, and sus-
ceptible, had been watered, watched, and cultl-
vated with care, it might not have been the puny
illsbapen brash it now {a So is it with mind that
has born allowed to mature in ignorance, Hence
the responsibility of those who assist in the growth
and expansion of the intellect —the far-reaching
and deep-searching intellect — the great motive pow:
er of being, and the mighty propeller of the glant
wheels of progress. How can it be otherwise than
that we should feel the responsibleness of even our
Pany efforts, since the instructions which we im-
part take deepest root, are more strongly impress-
ed, and consequently the longest retained. The
works of the least do follow us; not only do the
thoughts we send forth ripple upon the waters of
time, bat vibrate even upon the waves Of eternity,
Little Valley, N. ¥., 1858. B -ee
Revenpanorss i Sreroa—They are “ynired
together” should be “They are cxrrzD.” “T shall
y | Fall doen’ should be “Ksball PaLt;" down ts au:
Perfluons You do not lift up, “to lift up” should
be “to uupr;” you cannot lift a thing don
‘Writes for Moore's Rural New- Yorker.
EDUCATION OF THE YOUNG.
Tung is nothing more interesting to a rightly
constituted mind, than a helpless infant, depend-
ent, as it is, for protection and support Unlike
the brate of creation, whose instinct derives no
strength or skill from protracted age, or the ex-
perience of former generations, the youth by care-
fal culture unfolds the power of bis mind, thus
Defitting himself, with the assistance of others, for
& noble or ignoble existence. Hence, it becomes
necessary that we should kaow the most pradent
course to pursue with these little ones who ere in-
troduced into a world of activity and intelligence,
mingled with cares, troubles and misfortanea—
Their career in life will be accompanied with
mach good or ill to themeelves, sssocister, and
fatare generations “Train up a child in the way
he should go,” is the desire of Him that never errs
in giviog instruction; and it seems necessary that
among the first teachings of youth, should be a
knowledge of their relationship and consequent
daties to their Creator, Acknowledgiog the ne-
ceasity of christianity as an ingredient to the
edacation of the youth, we are to consider how it
can be introduced free from melancholy. “Its
ways Gre pleasantness, and all ita paths are peace.”
By thia we are ioformed that it is only necessary
to be divested of all gloom and melancholy, to be
pure, unselfish religion. Then let all parents and
guardians, having the welfere of the rising gene-
ration at heart, be ¢ruthful, teaching them as
accountable, reasonable beings, who have each a
talent to employ for the glory of its Giver.
Spencerport, N. ¥., 1858. DBS.
PUBLIC SCHOOL LIBRARIES,
A coop newspaper would be worth no small sum
in the school-room. Moltitades are growing up
ignorant of the every day-occurrences aronnd
them. Letthe daily paper visit the school-room;
let o few moments be devoted to mentioning the
chief items of interest, or allow opportunity of con-
sulting it at the various intervals of study, or
when lessons are fally learned, and better men and
women will be made, The world will notseema
strange one when they go forth to aot for them-
selves. Teachers, are you troubled with novels in
your school? Do you have to keep an eye of
“eternal vigilance to keep out the vile trash?—
You cannot destroy that longing for eomething
not in the text books: you may possibly prevent
the pernictous things from coming into the school
room; but may you not take advavtage of this very
longing to aid in edacation? Meke a jadiciousse-
lection of 8 paper you are willing your pupilsehonld
read, substitute its realities for the false piotures
of overstrained imagination, make such use of it
as the circumstances of your school make most fit,
and good will come of it, You cannot get many
novels for your stove, if your pupils become inter-
ested in the daily paper. Let them understand
that History is daily revealing itself in telegraphio
reports of Congressional and Parliamentary action;
Jet them eee the continual record of new inven-
tions; let them read of Hamboldt and Kossuth,
with as mach interest as you wonld excite about
Greek and Roman heroes; Jet them be as much
interested in the intestine broils of poor Mexico,
as in the long past civil wars of Rome—in the
strange career of Napoleon the Third as in that of
Cmsaror Hannibal. Geography comes in the daily
papers. Fremonvs and Liviogstone’s make dis-
coveries too rapidly for stereotyped text books to
keep up—it needs the ever-renewed activity of the
periodical press to present new facts as fast aa they
are known. The paper at home will be read if in-
terest be excited at school Get a tri-weekly, or
semi-weekly, or a weekly, if you can’t get a daily;
try to have the regular visits of periodical intelli
gence—wait not for anew geography to learn that
Minnesota is a State. The teacher himself cannot
afford to be without regular intercourse with the
world. As long as men and women will shut
themselves up to their school-rooms and text-
books, so long will they make the profession to
which they claim to belong, a by-word for imprac-
ticable plans and odd ideas, Let them live m the
world, not secluded from it, and they will be re-
apected according to their desert—Jilinois Teacher,
Hone Fonrnevings.
DOWN THE ST. LAWRENCE!
Eps. Rokat:—From your editorial sanctum we
proceeded to Charlotte, (mouth of the Genesee,)
where we lay till after midnight, awalting a boat
The “Ontario and St Lawrence Steamboat Co.”
advertise to start at 9 o’clock, but they never get
away before 11 o'clock, and seldom as soon as that
hour, It would promote the comfort of passengers
not a little if said Company would promise no
more than they intend to perform. Four honrs of
night watching is @ poor preparation for a journey.
About 1 A. M. the welcome word came, ‘the boat
has come,” and we were soon aboard the Europa,
Capt. Taroor, and fairly started on the “ Northern
Ronte.”
Wednesday was a beautifal day, and after passing
the porta Oswego, Sackett’s Harbor, and Kingston,
we began the descent of the St. Lawrence. All
the way to Montreal—200 miles or more—the ride
was delightful The “Thousand Islands,” the
“Rapids,” and the whole scenery along the route
are always praised, and always will be, by every
tourist. Ten thousand miles by rail will hardly
afford the measure of gratification to a lover of
Nature, that he will experience in passing along
through the thickest of the Islands just before and
after sunset. Dropping gently down at the rate of
15 miles an hour, the glasssy surface of th
unrofiled by # breeze, and through it the shadow
of each island, and tree, and rock appearing as
distinct as the object itself; our vision at times
restricted to a narrow channel, and anon peering
through among the islands to the shore, miles
distant, we actually became enthusiastic; bat
when the sun settled below the horizon, and the
THE LYRE BIRD.
Tats beautiful bird, of whieh the engraving isa
fine representation, is a native of New South Wales,
and we know of no more interesting specimen of
the feathered tribe with which we could favor our
readers. It resembles the Englieh Pheasant in
vize and somewhat in appearance, but its limbs are
longer in proportion, and there are other consid-
erable points of difference, The wings are short,
concave and rounded, and the quill feathers are
lax and feeble; the general plumage is fol), deep,
soft and downy. The tail, however, is very re
markable; it is modified into beantifal, long,
plume-like ornament, representing, when erect
and expanded, the figure ofa lyre; hence itsname
—the lyre bird—while, as the type of a new genus,
it has received the appellaMion of memura superba.
This ornamental tail ia restricted to the male
bird. It consists of sixteen feathers; of these the
onter one on each side is broadly but loosely webb-
ed within, its outer web being narrow; as it pro-
ceeds it curves outwards, bends in, and again
tarns boldly outwards and downwarda, both together
resembling the framework of an ancient lyre, of
which the intermediate feathers are the strings;
these feathers, except the two central, which are
troly but narrowly webbed on the outer side, con-
sist each of a slender shaft, with long filaments, at
a distance from each other, and springing ont alter-
nately. The appearance of these feathers, the
length of which is about two feet, is peculiarly
gracefal; their color is amber brown, but the two
oater tail feathers are gray, tipped with bluck,
edged with rofous, and transversely marked on the
inner web with transparent triangular bara. Inthe
female the tail is long and gradaated, and the fea-
thers are perfectly webbed on both sides of the
shaft, although their texture is soft and flowing.
The general plamage of the menwra is amber brown
above, tinged with olive, and merging into rufous
on the wings and also on the throat The under
parts are ashy gray.
Goutp, an eminent naturalist, who studied the
habits of this bird in its native haunts, says, “it is
extremely shy, and while among the bushes, I
have been surrounded by these birds pouring forth
their load and liquid calls for days together, with-
out being able to get a sight of them; ond it was
only by the most determined perseverence and ex-
treme caution that I was enabled to effect this
desirable object”
They build io old hollow trunks of trees which
are lying on the ground, or in the holes of rocks,
The nest is merely formed of dried grass or dried
leaves scraped together. The female lays from
twelve to sixteen eggs, of a white color, with afew
ecattered light-bloe spots. The Lyre bird isof a
wandering disposition, and though keeping proba-
bly to the same bush, it constantly traverses from
one end to the other, from the mountain-top to the
bottom of the gullies, It{s said to be able at one
leap to piss over a3 mach as ten feet in a perpen-
dicular direction from the ground. It seldom
takes wing, but leaps from branch to branch, and
frequently reaches a considerable height.
forming one of those “magnificent sunsets” of
which tourists speak, but which they cannot de-
scribe, our excitement became intense.
The next day we made the descent of the Rapids
—four or five in number, and two of them reslly
frightfal to the uninitiated. As our good boat
“Saliberry” made its fearfal plunges down, down,
—a mere feather, tossed by the rushing, maddened
waters, the spray, foam and white caps lending a
terrific wildness to the scene—a general shriek
went up from the boat’s company, as hearts palpi-
tated and cheeks blanched. Bat we were soon
through the worst of it, seeming/y, but not really
dangerous, as boats almost every day of the season
do pass unbarmed. The La Chine Rapids, near
Montreal,—the last on the list,—are considered
more dangerous, Bat an old Indian pilot is taken
aboard, who, holding hard to the wheel, guides
the boat safely through a narrow, rushing channel
—the only one at this point that is navigable at
all On either side and near, rocks of formidable
size, both above and below the surface of the
water, are visible, upon which a boat would
inevitably be dashed to atoms should a rudder
break, or the proper track be departed from.
There is much at Montreal to interest the visitor.
The Victoria Bridge, across the St. Lawrence,—
estimated in the outset to cost 7,500,000, but now
thought will cost 12,000,000 of dollars to complete
—is troly a great work. The m: Cathedral,
with its lofty towers, and twelve-ton bell; the
stately stone Charches, Conventa, Nanneries, and
other public buildings; its commodious and well-
kept Hotels; its narrow streets and narrower side-
walks; its heterogeneous population—Eaglisb,
French, Indians, &c.; its general cleanly and sub-
stantial appearance, are all noticeable features of
this ancient city.
From Montreal to Saratoga is a pleasantly
diversified route. At Bouse’s Point—which is
reached by sail—you take steamboat to Fort
Ticonderoga, one hundred miles op Lake Cham
plain, and after viewing the rains of this ancient
fortification, are transferred by stsge—four miles
—to the steamer Minnehaha bonnd for the head
of Lake George—thirty-six miles distant This
beantifal sheet of water, as is well known, liesina
mountain gorge. Without wishing to disparage
its justly celebrated scenery, I may say tha’, save in
the single feature of boldness of outline on either
side, it does not begin with an equal length of the
St Lawrence in the region of Alexandria Bay,
Oar boat halted several times to receive from
fishermens’ craft their goodly strings of perch and
trout, and from another boat a wild deer of the
forest jast killed, a noble buck of four years’
growth and wide-spread antlera, Donbtless ere
this the animal has been served up to some of the
three hundred and fifty pleasure-seekers now s0-
journing at the Fort William Henry Hotel, at the
head of the Lake,
Saratoga has had an uncounted throng di
the season, which now, evidently, has culm! al
The “hard times” have not kept people awa
which may be owing to the fact that there is not
mach to do at home, or perhaps (on the principle
that a man must “fail” three times to be rich) to
the “crash” having provided a largely increased
number with the means wherewith to delight their
dear souls at this fashionable resort. I note a few
evidences of growth daring three years’ absence.
The Colombian Hotel and Union Hall are of
greatly enlarged capacity, The Presbyterian
Society have a new and handsome structare,
Other improvements in private and public edifices
have been made, while the walks are jast as pretty,
the groves quite as lovely, and the fountains not
lesa delicious and health-giving than when the
writer years ago sought to lengthen his lease of
life by their constant and determined use,
WB. P.
Warerxo anp Pore A1rt—Anaximenes tanght
that air is mind. Some one else saya that is the
hidden food of life. Plotarch seems to incline to
Anaximenes’ opinions, remarking that perhaps
the reason why there is a sym, feeling on
various subjects arises fro; ig the same
air, Air is an exhalation of all the minerals of
the globe; the most elaborately finished of all the
works of the Creator, All classes of men affirm
thia Sidney Smith says to public speakers that if
they would walk twelve miles before speaking, they
would never break dows. In English universities,
boat races, horseback rides, and ten mile walks are
a part of the educational mrans for physical de-
velopment. Plato eays # walk in the open alr will
almost cure a guilty conscience.
oo
Wovnpsr with thyself be acquainted, then see
what the others are doing. Bat wouldst thou
understand others, look into thine own heart—
Schaller.
The Aoung Ruralist.
BOYS, STICK TO THE FARM!
Svea is the advice with which we (the boys)
fre often favored in the “Rowat,” and also in
many other papers of the day. It would seem
from the frequent advent of these advisory epistles,
that the advisers, were mach concerned in regard
to the welfare of “the boys,” or were fearfal of
losing their helps when they come to plow, sow,
reap, and mow, As all usefal employments are
alike honorable, would it not be better for each
one to choose the calling for which be is best
adapted, and thns @aswer the great purpose of his
creation?
Tr needs not an extensive obserration to see the
evil effeots growling Outof disregarding this law of
adaptation; they can be found in every commu-
nity, you, in the narrow precingts of home. Yon-
der are the abodes of two farmers, We will walk
over and pay cach @ visi. As we come pear the
ficst farm, we see tho fences are in good repair, and
what the trees and shrols are arranged in a peat and
tasteful manner, and everything goes to show that
this is the abode of thrife and convenience, We
HOW pass onto the next farm, Here we find every-
thing in a disordered atate, and it is plain enough
to see that this is the abode of inconvenience. “But
he ia lozy,” you say. This may be eo in some in-
stances, bat notin all, The trouble is he is not in
his proper sphere of action,
When these two farmers commenced in life there
was no choice ja the farms—either was as good as |
the other; there was no difference between their
property, yet they were not on equal terms; for
one was in his proper sphere, the other was not—
Brery human being was created for a certain de-
sigo, and to execute which, he is given certain
peculiarities of character, and of mind; it ia,
therefore, his duty to become acquainted with him-
self, in order that he may accomplish the greatend ~
for which be was created. Let every youth adopt
for hia motto, “ Know Thyself,” and when he has
obtained this knowledge he can choose bis proper
place, to which, ff it be usefal, let him “atiok,” aod
success will crown his efforta, Rorva.
Pekin, Ningara Co, N. ¥,, 1858.
Remancs—There fs some trath in this, Many
persons, doubtless, fall in the business in which
they are engaged for want of adaptation to it—
They dislike it, and take no pride, no interest in it,
and yet haviog learned no other are compelled to
continue in the business at whioh they are regu-
larly engaged. Aaa general rule, however, it will
be found that he who succeeds in one business will
succeed in almost any other to which he may give
his attention. The carefal, industrious, energetic
mechanic will make & snccessfal farmer as we have
often seen proved, and vice versa.
THE HERO BOY OF HAERLEM.
Massra. Epiroxs:—We often hear the old, and
even the middle-aged among ue, speak of the joys
of childhood and youth, and regret the bright
hours, the innocent pleasures and dreamy splendor
of that happy period, when the young hi
open and confiding, and the mild eyes gon
wonder and amazement on the fair soonca of
earth; when even the most insignificant object
filled them with endless curiosity, and the woea
and cares, the sorrows and anxieties of life were
far distant in the bosom of the futare.
The youth, however, longa for the time when he
may enter on the active daties of life, and {4 ever
figuring to himself the prond position he will
occupy in after yeara, when the fetters of child-
hood are barst asander and the honors and richea
of this world will be within his grasp,—forgetting
that the season of youth {s fraught with opportu
nities of well-dolog, and the youngest may prove
himself a real hero.
I remember reading an account of a little boy
who lived in Haerlem, Holland, many years ogo.
His father had oharge of a portion of the huge
artificial dykes, which, in that country, prevent
the sea from inundating the low lands. On these
lands many people live, though their dwellings are
built below the level of the sea, Hence, their
altaation fs one of great danger from the barating
of the dykes. When this little boy waa nine yeara
old, his father sent him on an errand some miles
from home. Darkness set in on his retarp, and
when hurrying along by the great dyke his ear
caught the sound of water trickling through from
; he knew in an instant that were he to ran
e crevice would be enlarged so mach in
| that no power on earth could stem the
rrent. He shouted for help, but no voice
responded to his call; then he thought of his
father and mother, and the kind friends at home,
and felt that their liv pended on bis exertiony,
After searching in vain forwomething with which
to fill the apertare, he planged his arm into ft, and
stood thus through the long, dark night, silent and
alone, till a priest, passing that way in the morning,
released him from his unpleasant position, His
real name {a forgotten, bat he is known in hiatory
as the Little Hero of Haerlem. 7.0.
Brantford, C. W., 1868.
—_—-
xa Gnassea—Will you, or some of
ee eon sabsoriners inform me how to cr;
tallize grasses, and obi reader of your exc
lent RonaL?—FuonAa, August, 1858.
Remanxa—Dissolve eighteen ounces of alam in
a quart of soft water, (observing this proportion
for greater or leas quantity,) boiling itover o
nearly cold suspend the subject to be crystallized
by a thread from a small stick laid horizontally
across the spertare of a deep glass or earthern
Jar, into which the solution mast be poured. The
articles should remain in the solation twenty-four
hours, and then be taken out and suspended in the
shade to dry. If the subjects to be crystallized
are pat into the solation when it is quite cold the
crystals are apt to be formed large, and the warm:
er the solation the smaller will be the crystala Its
strength may be tested by patting * drop on o
blade of grass, and observing it crystallize as it
coola Almost any flower or vegetable substance
may be operated npon. Fancy baskets may be
made in this way, by first making 4 wire frame of
any desited shape, twisting woolen yarn around
the wires, and immersing it as directed for grasses,
The Cattle Market.
KEW YORK. Aug 2:—The caret peices for he week at ibe
weaken are we ows
Foreign Jatelligence.
Arrival of the Anglo Saxon and Canada.
arrived at Quebec
et Halifax on the
Tae stesmship Anglo Saxon
on the 22d ult, and tae Canada
wih
Gueat Barraix—Great anxiety is felt in regard
to the Atlantic cable. Toe first regular message
from Newfoundland was received a+ Valeatia oe
the night of the 9th. The speed of the Aa
sion ig sald to be greater than was attained at
Plymoath, and the currents were Spparcatly as
mtroog. The shares continued to be quoted at
£000. No messages xcept government ones can
be sent daring we electrical experiments, which
cted to occupy several weeks
Toe London Times reviews editorially the ls
mentable condition of Mexico, and concludes thas:
“J¢ seems there is nothing left for the United
States bat to consumm = a work they Se
annex the land of Montezama and Cortez Wee,
at even under the lash of the slave-driver, will Ce ae ‘Two Years Old, $2425; Taree Tears
not regret the illusion of the liberty of the Mexican | 3, S657. el
Republic.” Pee Belo
aeen Yictoris was visiting her daughter at
Pousdam. mi et:
Paaxce—The papers teem with acconnts o}
Cherbourg fetes, which bad concladed with a ban-
quet on board the Le Bretague. Queen Victoria
left on the Oth, under a triple salate, The feres
were continaed on the 7th by the toaaguration of
the Napoleon Dock, aod the launch of the man-of-
wer Ville Denantea The Emperor had ordered 8
pyramid of granite to be erected at the head of the
new dock, to perpetuate the Queen's visit.
The fetes termioaved on the 8:b, with the inaug-
uration of the statate of Napoleon L .
Toe Emperor delivered » pacific speech on the
occasion, saying it appeared to be part of his des-
tiny to acoomplish by peace he great desigos con
ceived during war. He sald the government
would not wage war exceptin defence of the na-
tional honor, and the great interests of the people.
Toe monthly retarn of the Bank of France shows
‘on increase of cash in band at Paris, of $2,000,000
francs, and in the Branch Banks 1,400,000 francs.
3patw.— Diplomatic ‘negotiations between the
ierrimiatees of Spain ond Mexico, for the setile-
ment of the long pends dispate, were expected
ence very shortly.
» Gat alanis, Mexican Minister to Boglend and
Fraoce, had notified Spain thar he was made Pieni-
BRIGHTON, Ang 25—-At mavkat—1700 Beef Oxia 900 Roce,
Bost Cotas nee $NA, Fint qualty, 7.25G
0p, Recent, SAND, Third, S5C<525
Wousxrxc Oxes—$i0n, 12010"
Micu Cows—Sales at $941, Common, $19G20.
Veat Carres—Sales at
CAMBRIDGE, Ang 25—At market 1°33 Cacthe, shoct 1008 Beeres,
and 45S Store, consisting of Working Oxen, Cows, aod one, two
Lasces—£090 at market.
ym lots, $1, 1,76, 20
at coat.
Sw
Hives—73ga@se Tallow. 7 37: th
Panes thts cach, Tair dik alte pr
The Wool Markets.
NEW YORK, Ang. 2\—The medinm and low grader of Native
Fleeces ave tn steady. fair demand at previous rates, but One quall-
Mes are neglected Tho deprevsioo in the goods market bes an up-
favorable intluence at present ; the sale include 1,0u) Ibx common
to dine Fleecrs chielly at SX@'e. aad somo parcels of extra.
ealtable for Sine doeakios, at 42G) 'e-; the stock conti vues to incremss.
Polled by lo moderate request und p-iees ar- firm ; the stock ts lucbt ;
tales of 40.090 Ihe. No. | City and extra Country at 26@2"e chiefly
Lamis Wool at S°@I!c Porsign is in (mpruved demand. but te
stock of low grades is lange snd toe market ls somewhat depressed ;
rales of 20) bwes Bosnos Ayres Wi and Mixed = 16) do.
Wvbad East Tndin; 80 da Cordova: 13) da Washed Mediteravesn,
end 300 do Dooakol, on private terms—.. ¥. Trbune
BOSTON Ang 25—There hus been an active demand for domes-
tie freon and puled at fen prices Ths sales of the weok amouct
to 260,000 ID at quoted ratex In foreign. there have bren salen of
of 39 bales Mediterranean. 229 bales Chilian Merino, and 240) bal-
Jota Peravinn at prices withla the ramze of qriotations
potentiary.
Torrey.—Thelate collision in Bosnia, in Tarkish
Croatia and Montenegro, has oansed asortof pantc
in the capital The Masselmen and Christians
were living in a fear of one another, The Saltan,
to show his confidence, had gone with a fleet on
an excursion to Smyroa.
A plot, having for its object the massacre of the
Christians, had been discovered at Smyrna. The
Governor had made a selzore of arms, and seat
the guilty parties to Constantinople.
It was reported that on the 28th of Joly a band
of Montenogrins, 1,000 strong, assailed Kulaschim,
killiog nearly 1,000 inhabitants who, coniiding in
the armistice, were unarmed. The Montenegrins
burnt many houses, and ourried away women and
children {ato captivity,
Cutwa.—Hong Kong dates are to Jone 23d, and
Peibo same. Toe gun boats had advanced to the
Pein Sin without opposition, and commanded both
the rivor and the great canal. The English and
the French ambassadors were located on ehore.—
The American and Russian fleet had followed the
allies up the river. A qonptarin oe igh, rank, the
second officer in the Empire, arrived from
Panta sana rpvetat aULAIE te uepotieie Bee
inforoements continued to be dispatched from
Hong Kong.
Inp1a.—The India Calcutta mail of Joly 4th, and
Madras 11th, had arrived at Alexandria. Thenews
is of litte importance. Gen. Layard had resigned
on acconntof ill health. The Gwallor rebels were
bolieved to be making for Bhurpore. Manosinga
was besieged at Shagures by the Begums army.
Gen. Whitlock’s force had captured Fierguan in
Banda,
FITZHUGH §T. SEMINARY, ROCHESTER, Ny, Y,
A Fawr Somoot for Young Ladies—opens Monday,
Sept. 6tb. Circulars, containing references and all neces-
sary information, may be had by addressing the Principal,
Mas, 0. M. CURTIS.
PREMIUM LIST.
Keronum's Parent Mowing anp Reapinc Maonine.
14x anthorized, by Mr. R. L. Howanp, to extend the
time to those contending for the Premium offered by him
to the 10th day of October. T. 0. PETERS,
Darien, Genesee Co. N. Y.
SOMETHING TO DO,
Tae subscribers will employ agenta of either sex in
every town and city, in a business which pays from $20 to
$28 per week. Sond stamp for return postage, for fall
particulars. 8. M. MYRICK & CO., Lynn, Mass.
Tas ANNVAL Fain of the Monroe Co. Ag. Society will
be held on the Socioty’s Grounds, near Rockester, Sept.
14th, 15th, 16th and 17¢h, 1858. Pamphlets containing
Premium Liste, @c., ean be obtained at the RugaL Office.
CROVER & BAKER’S
CELEBRATED
FAMILY SEWING MACHINES,
Commorctal Intellgence. 495 BROADWAY, NEW YORK
Bueapsrorrs.—Richardson, Spence & Co. quote four
Pailadelphia and Baltimore 21s6d@22s;
jew Orleans 22s6d@p2ietd. Wheat tir
Western Gx6d@6a3d; Red Sonthera
; |. Corn dail and
nominal. Yellow S3s@34a; white £3@3300d. The
woather bad been favorable for the crops. Tho Brokers’
and other circulars say that corn was 1s lower on the
week.
Provisions.— Liverpool provision market generally
steady. Pork without altoration in rates, aud steady.
Lard firm. Sales at retail of choice 60
Markets, Commerce, &e.
‘BuRAL New-Yorken Orncr,
Tumboster, Angust Si, 1508" f
Frour is witbont change in rates.
Geaix—Whoat remains at last quotations Bat litle ls dotag, as
that fn market fs beld above tho views of ayers Corn has « range
fn our (able of from 8) to 70 cents The minimum figure is for
deated ; the maximum shows a slight advance on last week Oats
£J™ Those Machines are now justly admitted to bo tho best
in use for Family Sewlag, making a vew, ntrong, and elastic
etitch, which will Nor rip, even If every fourth stitch be cuL—
Otroalars sent on applloatlon by later
UL. G, GILES, Agent,
E13 45 Stato street, Rochester, N. Y.
Aew Advertisements,
ADVERTISEMENTS —Twenty-Gve Cents a Lins, each insartion—
Special Notiees—following reading matter, and leaded—Fify Cents
8 Line, each insertion—IN ADVANCE
Eg Thow of our readors purchasing articlts advertised in the
RUKAr, or who write to advertisers, will plouso stato that they saw
the advertisement tn the Ronat New-Youxen
£~ Tue Reeac is pat to press Tuesday noon, and hence adver
tisemonts should reach us on Monday to secure Insertion
have takon ® start of Sconts per busdil Barlay te going up stendily ANTED—A Partoor to the Nureary business tn Zows, with
pee le Sapa $1000 or more Tole a thls Oc, ort 1 Frank St
‘We make some alight alterations n tho prices of Sheep Potts, Coal,
1c, for which see table below.
BEBesnine PIGS, of tw different imporations for sale by
Rochester Wholesnlo Prices,
al
WALTER COLE 354 miles sootheast of Batavia, N. ¥, in the
Putnem Setilement They may also bo noen at the Genesco County
Pair, to be beld at Batavia on the 16th inst 4ca
OX'S SUGAR AND OLDER MILL |s simple, dusable,
Cane. For particulars
making from Chinese
A J.GoX,
16 Diile Stand, Hamilton Co, Ohta.
i
BRAHMA HENS AND CHICKENS FOR SALE,
NP\HE SUBSCRIBER offers for sale 16 very superior Brahi
dbp AES lock. Ale, 10 Brabma Clckvom bot 4 rrocine
old, of the same quality. Tbey will be sold ata bargain, as the sa>
seriber is desirous of disposing of them They have taken tbe first
x 515, Rochester, N.Y.
RIED BLOOD AND WOOL ap equal to
PEFPE?
F
E
Fe
i
a
fe
Waite Der rene Gusro,”
eS us "ernvian Gusro,”and at peice. For:many
NEW
grades role 3
separ Seams NEW BOOKS FOR ACENTS.
common
Sold Only by Subscription.
ANTED.—An AcEst io o: County
Deauulfully ILLUSTRATED WORKS ee Oe Aas of
‘Clrenlars, giving full tefermation, with Terms to Agents, and « full
‘Lit of my sent 6m application. Adcrem,
DUANE RULI®ON, Pubiwber.
No $3.8 Third Sc, Pladelphia, Pa
TEAOHERS, MEOH. 7
iis oles mate by TH AUBURS TE
wubscribers fer thetr new and
=
I:
F
nat Woea
ii
BSOR
‘will attract thetr prompt attention :
‘receive fro $300 to $030 pers
fal particulars, aé¢rem
wi, ac.
ear, aod
PLUM TREES at
Sodan One peae A goal
of Commercial Namen Syren HY
GREAT S4LE OF
RTED AND THOROUGH-BRED sTOCK
and part eradel, } young Bell and
tha breed | 45 Runs aid $/ Ben>. of @igerent
rommencé each day st Llogitk AM For pariimu.
of sale, see hand’
WitLtase & JOBN M0
32.50.
5
PER QUARI ER.
{4 coop scuooy, {, $82.50
PEA QUARCER
BOARD AND TUITION IN ALL ENGLISH
0% UD eae vex
ASHLAND COLLEGIATE INSTITUTE
axp
MUSICAL ACADEMY,
Rev. HENRY J. FOX, A. M. Principal.
This Institntion is located among the goblins CatsleiMls. to the
town of Asbinod, Greene Coualy, N. ¥. Ste¥ants (male and fra)
reosived at muy time. be head
GREAT INDUCEMEPNT!
FRUIT TREES.
75,00
APPLE TREES. from Sto? feet
100,00) Apple Trex, 2 = old
‘war Tree’, 2 years old.
10,000 Stardard Pes
10000 Dwarf
‘20.000 Chery Trees, 2 to Sears old.
10,000 Blam ou Plug Stock
Also Horse Cheeauis, Grapes, Evorereens. and the nswal assort~
meuekapt i Nurseries. GRAVES & WARNER
Nurserymen and Fruit Tree Agents!
186 VARIETIES OF COLORED FRUITS,
I GAN FORNISH, If APPLIE® FOR IMMEDIATELY,
Six_Ners of the two volumes Natural History State of
New York, describing the FKors of the tate.
Vou. L ¢ wntains 146 Colored vine of Frais, drawn on stone,
and carefully colored after Nutare, as follojey: 80 varieties of Apples
45 Prart, 11 Peaches 2\ Plams 3 Cherries, 4 Currants, 2 Rasp
berries 9 Gooseberrles, and other Colored Plates.
Vob TL contains leitenpross deveriptons of over 850 varieties of
Fro'ta, together with theorrtleal nod practkcal vemarks on busbaniry.
Nurserymen nod Fruit Tree Agents tis these works in the nalo of
‘Trees. exhibitlog by them te rise, coloryan’ sbaia of each ktud of
Froit The nrice of the two volumes qitsmoyts $12 On tho recelpt
of $12 bymall Twill forward a set Wo muy address Theso woke
‘cout the ate of New York more than $5 aset Order at ovce if
you want them. and if you ars not pleased when yon get toem, retura
bem to me, fiee of express chines, nnd Iwill refimnd the money.
Address, 1) M DEWa¥, Arcade Hall, Rechester, N. ¥.
P. S— Colored Froits furnished to ordet fur toe use of Nurserrmen
at 25 conis each Orders furnlabod promptly. Over 1) varieties,
‘Warranted to please or ro nale. 452-20
Syracuse Nurseries, Syracuse, N. Y.
250,000 srois taxes, 2
fo 4y'rs old, standard & dwart
25.000 Peak — do 1 &2yrmold, do do.
HON CHERRY do 1 &2yrold. do do.
100,000 Paacn, Arnicor, Nectanin® & Plow Trees,
21,000 TaankLta, CAT «Wo and CLINTON Gaares ;
Detawane, Diawa Reskoca and Cenconp da
760.0 Bgnceons SeeouNG Goosknerntes,—doot
milldow ;
60000 Conrasts fificen yarletice old and new ;
25,000 Taro Biacknxnnucs lagest and most pro-
active §
Raspnernres and SrRAWNERRIWS. best popolar warts;
ORNAMENTAL TREES ROSES, SH onngepagaubias, mine ko
EVARGRSEN THRES, cholcest hard, kindny G fort, xuperd ;
‘Appice, Pour and Cherry SeepitGs, beablhy, etroog plants ;
Hence Poants Prive, Buckthorn, unt Honay Locust;
All well grown and unexcelied by the productions of any other
Nunes
For descriptions and prices, wholosule and retal, wwe
OUR SEVERAL CATALOGUES,
Forwarded on receipt of a Stamp for each. viz, No. 1, descriptive of
all our productions; Na 2, desaripiive of Prai'x; No’ 3, dexcilptive
of Ornamental Treen, Roses, Shrabbery, &c; No 4, descriptive of
Dablias. Green House and Bedding Plants 4; und'No 5, » Whole:
sale Catalogue for Nurserymen and large dealers.
THORP, SMICH & HANCHETT.
September 1, 1868 452-Bteow
NOT A PATENT MEDICINE!
[Tae subjoloed Romedy 1s not a Secret Proparation, but {+ used
extensively by Medical Men to tho vicinity of Boston with the best
results}
JONAS WHITCOMB'S
REMEDY FOR
ASTEMaA,
Catarrh, Rose Cold, Hay Fever, &e,
REPARED FROM A GERMAN RECIPE, obtalned by the
tha be rareied,
Cael
ae ste
PEASE & ECCLESTON'S
EXCELSIOR CHANGEABLE RAILWAY
wire
‘Threthere, Separators, Cleaners, Clover-Hullers,
- axp
CIRCULAR AND CROSS-CUT SAW MILLS,
FOR VARIOUS FURFOSTS,
Cider Mills and all other Implements adapted to Bower.
EXCELSOR HORSE-POWER.
WB Save, NO FBSITATION, 18, RECUMMENDING our
kes Povtalen Os ‘very beet Machine of ths description
ever offered tp the public. It simplivity of cansiraction, and ec
ceasibilicy to all pats ef 1's ms Bloey, all tbe gears being 00 the cul
sis es ee oh item which should ao en
om of every. fame walous Improvements which we bare
mate Over other MacMiben €f the eine «lum though they ciAy ap-
Paar etall in demi svet em wbole
peveaiity over the ns whicd bad been al
se deenaltteittes ate pile aoe eet
u ata % Powe goa, i
00 the Gr und « uf ‘tes Uxrren St ares AUIICELTOMR AL SCRKETY, beld
@ Lou'svilla to. September, 137:
“At the tial before ibe Oowmittes of Fnrfiess Chain Horre
Powers aod Threhiog or Machine, manutnc-
tored by Richard HL Pease of Albany, N.Y, ormeeil
they bavng threebed sho Oftr sheaves allotted them tn five tn
‘and o ght seconds, while toe Pimery competiog Machine occupied atx
minnie In threshing the saine amount, or Leary tweaty pr cent
Joneer than the ‘xelsor, ‘Toe threshing wax bo
‘wright of tha bores no hamoss being ied, ‘The work!
tha rebar Thresber 1s of very
farmer shoold have one of uhess Ma
-
Sl and 53 John Street, New York,
eee
A Now Filition of BART! AN,
TGS wid lane additcas. Poe $4GH
In Press,
PARKER & WATSONS NATIONAL
Prica 15 ite
PARKER. 4& WATSONS
SPECIAL NOTICE TO
LER,
WORCESTERSHIRE SAUCE,
Pricg, 15 cents
SMITHS JUVENLIE SPRLLER Priva,
MONTEIFHS YOUTHS LUSTORY or rae
—with Maps aod! Brice, 00 cents
£-97~ Teachers will phase scod to AS, Ih & Oo, for their,
tive Calabarne.
O
TEACHERS,
A. S. BARNES & CO., ©
AVE IUST PUBLISHED
DAVIES' New Work on Algebra,
= 5 ‘
1 READERS AND
3 Site, 8 78 coats wo
MECHAN-
PRIMER
NATIONAL Y Ste.
se
vgs.
LEA & PERRINS’
CREEBRATED
ing and grinuing graio, cuiting fodder, sawing wood, pumptog, elrar-
tog. de © Like tenly n usefal and ebeap Machina”
At this Pair we were awarded the Pinst PREwtom, the Seclotr's
Lane Stvee Mmpat, for the best Hone Power and Thresher,
and a Diploma of Special Commendation for tho best MOTIVE
Powek ron Generau *anM Use Under this bead we came into
Competl'ian 10k only with all Horse Powarr, bat Stoam Engines,
Wind Mill Ac. This ts the hgbest commendation that has ever
© ton! ailar Machines, and lodoed {tw a great triarpl,
‘as the most celebrated Machines fn the county camo in irect com,
petition with our own tn # fair and {mpartinl trial We have also
taken Premiams at nearly avery State and County Pair whero wo
have exniblied, acd where the Machinos have bean put in opsratioa
before competeat Commitices
Unr Machines are WARRANTED to perform. satisfactorily. or they
can be rotaroed nt our expense sible Agents wanted
PEASE & EGG ‘TUN, Albany, N. ¥.
Albany, August 27, 1858 492
BUSMELS good Marzard Cherry
10 CeAvie Nasorymaan Palgeas ®
SITUATION WANTED.
GENTLEMAN WHO IS A COLLEGE GRADUATE, and an
experienced Teacher, desires a situation as Principal of an
Academy or other Bigh School He would taka charge of few ad-
‘vanced scholars, if Gexired : or start a school in a flourishiog town or
villaze, Whore a prop’r pubic spirit and other circamstances 4ive
promise of @ good institution Address
41-2" MYRON ADAMS, Bast Bloomfeld, N. ¥,
MAKE YOUR OWN SUGAR.
ULL INSTRUCTIONS for msking SuoAR 4nd Mo‘astrs from
tan New Sugar Canes nod description of the implaments and.
Glensils required ; stmpls ard plain, for the wse of farmers: to which
re adaed tho Inst oxpsrleres of tras who have made Sugar, and
J_ 8 Lovering’s nampolet, nll contained in Olcotta new work,
*Sonauo axp Tarmen” Price $1; rent by mal. too of postage
on receipt of price A O.MOORE, Ag Hook Publisher,
451-3 14i) Fulton 8t, New York.
FLELD’S PEAT CULTURE,
TREATISE on the Propagation and Cultivation of the Pear in
AJ. Mo-
Pitta for sale
ro
Awetica—a full cptalogee ‘and deseription of the olfferent va-
Hietles—their adaptation to Dwarts aod Standarde—the best modes
of prawing, with directions for ripening and preserving the froif, ua
morons engravings carefally prepared, exhibit both the errovecus
and corveet methods of treatment By Thomas W. Field.
PRiCE 75 CENTS; will be sent post paid on recelpt of price
42.0, MOOR, Aurioultora Book Publi ber.
en 140 Enlton At. New York
U. 8. Tent and Flag Manufactory,
NO, 12 BUFFALO ST., ROCHESTER, WN. ¥.
ins Purchased the entire stock of TENTS and FLAGS:
formerly owned by E C. Witttams, I am prepared to rent the
sume at reasonable rates for Agricultural Fairs, Military Encamp-
ments, Camp Meetings, Conferences, dc, &e
Twill also manvfactore, on short notice, Tonts, Flacs, Awnings,
x of busines
ale and retail. noes
FIELD, Box 701, Rochester, N. Y.
100,000 Wilson’s Albany Strawberry
FOR SALE.
EXPERIENCE of another season has fully proved this
Strawberry to be the bestont With the subscriber, daring the
hot weather of the past senson, it continued to ripen fruit for 20 days,
and yielded {n one day, from less than one-third of an acre, 10 bush-
els and 23 quarts Amateurs and Market Gardeners, try {t,
Judge for yourselves. Price, $2 per 100, $7.0 A ‘800, $10 per 1,000,
Also for snle, a fine assortment of PRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL
TREES, Grape Vines, Rhubarb, Aspanwus, Planta, and French
Basket Willows. at 69 centa per 100 cuttings Catalogues free Ad-
dress JOHN SLOAN — CORN Jr's, ry, Albany, N. ¥.
Oneida County Agricultural Society.
Pike Sousa Wolleoats tn Rese eke ienown to have al-
lovlated this disorder fn bis casa. when all other appliances of medical
skill bad been abandoned by him in despalr- In no caso of purely
Asthmatic character, bas it failed to givo trmediats rolief, and it aw
effected many permanent cures Withly the past two this
Remedy has been used im thousands of cases, with astonablng and
uniform success. It contalas no polsonons or injurious properties
whatever; an infant may tnke it with perfuct safety.
The following Certificates from gentlemen of the high-
est respectability, furnish conclusive evidence of the pow-
er of this Remedy
Asthma,
Urnana Obio, April 3, 1
Me Josern Bunnert: Dear Sins * * Foe ae
years I was afflicted with the Asthma I left New England and
came to Objo with the bope of obtaining retlef from a change of eli-
mate, which I partially realized. but as I became accustomed to this
atnosphere my ae Ea retnmed
pea were ibabla, aud wiih me go was the effect of
iy.
T commenced {ts use four months since, was cured within ono
month, aod bave not bad a return of the discus. nor wey rymptoms
of it since, and my general bealth bas constantly Improved.
‘Ast : IRA A BEAN.
A distinguished Lawyer writes from Augusta, Maine,
as follows:
When I first commenced taking Jonas Whitcombis Remedy for
Asthma. I had been affected with that disease nearly twenty year
Tes of the spasmodic k'nd ; 1a» bad attack Ihave frequently vat up
tixfeen nights In saccession Soon aftar tektog tbe Remecy {oan
fan unaccustomed relief; my bealth and +treresb bayan to tinp.ore ; I
bad gained twenty pounds in weight, and comparatively no Asthma
It seems to me that the very foandatlon of my disease ts broken up
‘end that ft mill oon entirely leave me.
Asthma.
Letter from a Clergyman.
ee in mid-wlober, aod resort to every ct
could devise to keep ber alive. At one tims she that
ber_physician pot count her pulse At ‘of
=Whitcomb's Remedy,"—it acted Ike a charm: Der to
quietly inn Sew rolontes. aod tis feesee- 1
SWEEPSTAKES PREMIUM {s offered for the best Srup Honse
4 years old or over—for the best pair of Marcuzp Horses or
Manxs—and for the best SinaLe House, MARE, or GRLDING—to bo
exhibited nt the Annual Far of thg Society, to be held at ROSE, on
the 23th, 29th. and dich days of September next Kach competitor
to pay an entranos fos of $2, and the winper In each class to tale the
entire pnrse £0 obatined, and $5 and @ Diploma from the Society.
COMPETITION OPEN TO THE WORLD!
Any person desiring {n"ormatlon relative to the above will please
adaress the Socrotary, nt Vernon Centre, vo whom notice of a design
to comepte should be forwarred asearly as possible Competent sod
impartial Judges will be io ates
ot SA BUNCE, Secretary.
THE BEST STRAWBERRY IN CULTIVATION,
ILSON'S ALBANY SEEDLING Is without doubt the bext
Sirawberry in cultiva‘ion—that {s for genrral farnfly use or
murketlog It islizh!y more sold than Hovey’s Beedling, Boston
Plos and such sorts, which, bowever good, are 1n man localities no
uccer‘nin crop, and require as much nurelag and fertilizing by plant
ing o'ber varlctles (termed platillate) anong them, us to place tse
uninitiated In the © mysteries in a quandary how to proceed Wil
son's Se-dling requires no such ald, brit looks out solely ater ite own
Increw*e—1, in fact, anti-Mormon.’ References can be given where.
for rewons pas*, in the vicinity of Albayy. upwards of $600 worth of
toe froit hure been sold out of a moderate city garden Three hun-
dred and seventy berries were exhibited by Mr. Ha ris on ane plant
Ths geouine plants for se by the eubscriber mt $2 per hundred ;
560 for 87,00; 100 for $l. It may be frther remarked that this
Strawberry is of a noble eins, rich color, solid, and carries famously
to ma kot [i5t-tt] JOUN WILSON, Albany Numery, N. ¥.
ANDRE LEROY’S
Nurseries at
ANGERS, FRANOE.
HE PROPRIRCOR OF THESE NORSERIES—the most ex-
extensive fn Rurope—bas the bonor to inform his nojwerous
friends and the pablic that bis Cstalogas of Faurr asd Onwawen:
Tat Trees, Sances Roses Se OLUNGS, Puorr Stocks, 4c, for the
present xek-on Ls now ready and at toetr disposition.
The experience wh'ch be has aequired in the last ten years, by on-
merous an4 important Involces to the Un'ted States, te special
cultare whieh be tas established for that market noon an arca of
over 300 acres, ars for bis customers s sure guarantos of the proper
‘sod falthfol exeentiga of their orders
Apply, as beret fore, to F. A. BROGUIERE, 158 Pearl St, New
York, tis sole Aceot tn the United States
Nore —All Advertisements or Circalars bearing the name of LE-
ROY, Ava must pet be ovnsidored as emanating from eur
‘house, if they db not at the + ame time mention that Mr. F. A Bavgo-
TOKE is our Agent
¥. A. BRUGUTERE. New York,
451 or ANURE LEROY, Angers, Fiance.
ATTENTION!
Band—ant thoueh & bas pote hes
‘on band —an’ i bas not cured ber, it
ue of relieg Tana M-thodiet
Lewrstow, April 22 1858
Mem Josxrn ere) & Co.: Gee themen—Por the last
NURSERYMEN, FARMERS, &c.
B HAVE now on band 21,00) Dwar Pear Trees, 2 to 4
Weis ae ofall the leading vaste
Also. 250,000) Frooeh Quince socks, we oer at the following
Low prices
Dwany Pears, 3 to 4 yrs ol4, well rooted & branched, 100
Do do Wor upwards, do do sr .
Do _do 2yearsold, dd 12, s
IELNCE STOCKS selected. 10° B 1000
2d size mitable to bad, Ist season. with good cultare, 6 $2 100
Well packed acd delivered at the Denot. At
pace “BASTMAN & CO, Masia Greve Nanerist
40% faterville Oneida Co, N.Y, Aug, 125%
ONTARIO FEMALE SEMINARY,
Canandaigua, N.Y.
an sccomp!
B RL
TO FARMERS AND DAIRYMEN,
TO THE FIRST APPLICANT.
IMPORTANT
in the Staten of New York
miles around
PRONOUNCED BY EXTRACT
Of a Letier from &
coca Meitical Gentleman,
70 OG TE peak >
To His Brother
Only Good Sauce, jane at Worcester.
May, 1861.
And appticabie fo “Tell LEA & PER
EVERY VARIEIY
OF DISH.
RIN that rhetr SACOR &
{hig bly esteemed In inal,
*Jand is in my opfnion, tho
Sf most palaleblo ax well as
the moat wholrsoqe SAUCE
that is made”
EXTENSIVE FRAUDS,
‘Tho only Modal awarded by tho Jury of tho New York Rxhibition
for Foreign Sauces. was obtatped
WORCESCKRSHIRE SAUCK
by LEA & PERKINS for their
‘The world wide fame of whioa
requested:
having led tonumerons Porgortes, purchasers are
that tbe names of Lea & PXRMINS' are upon
tareo
ths Wrapper, La-
bel, Stopper and Hottle.
Lea & RMI will proceed against any one Infringig, elther
manufacturing or vending Spurions Sauce, and have tnstricted
correspondents {n varlous parts of the world to advise them of any
infringementa. Solo Weolrel Agents for the United States,
A stock always in store. Also, orders recedved for direct shtement
from England iu
COLLEGIATE INSTITUTE,
OLN DUNOAN & BONB,
AUG Broadway, New York,
Meowly
Rochester, Monroe Co,, N. ¥.
18 INSTITUTION embraces ull the di tof tnatraction
Bae ee Oaallty Veadeats fur toa oaktiear of Wachee :
mercial, Selentific. or Professional pursuits :
Tar Fevaue Derantaext, under tho immediéte snpervisfon of
‘an accompliabod and highly qualified Preceptress, tx licits 1 to 00 pu :
tls, who share also the bevelits of tho dally instruction of tho Pro H
ra and otber Teachers {n the Tnstitation
‘Tho Principal with bis fomily. and several of tho Teachers, resides
fo tho New Hoarding House, and by constant intercourse with the
stadents endeavor to secure thelr moral and soclal advancement, ax
well ag their fotellectna' cultura.
Commercial Departo
‘and O. R. Davis,
er the dimetion of J. ¥. Me Crrapscaw
‘rinstpalé of the Chapman Commercial Academy
Rochester, N. Y,
‘Aroong the Teachers ara Profs NW. Bewgvter, A. Larmor,
AH. Mixer,
MoCauLer Batestexe mod Mle ANN 4 Manan.
‘Tho Fall Tera opeos 00 Monday, Sepk Gt For Circulars and
cards giving full particulars, opply e
Roghoater. August 1858. ‘
DEXTER, A M, Prinelpal
MODEL MERCANTILE COLLEGE,
(
For particalars, eend for Cirealars {ncloxtny
G. ST.
Rochester, August, 1888
Wi
PENS PERMANENTLY, Sze
amsley’s Marble Block
Main Street,
Kochester, N. ¥
t., I8B8, when wil bo
Introduced a now aystatn of Mercantile Instracuon, combining
Tieony with PRACTICE
tam
>» W. BA 'AN, Prealdont,
Anthor of Fovtow & Eastuan’s Book-Keeping and Penmanship,
by uf
and the rematnder fs made up fro:
SALE OF SHORT -HORNS,
AN ENTIRE HERD OFFERED,
PURPOSE TO SELL MY ENTIRE HERD OF SHORT-
House I have in my herd, eight very cholce Imported cows,
uo renowned prize animals from tbe
very best of my original stoc!
BS
stock bul
“Dake of Oxford” ts probably ono of the best bulls
of hls age fo this country, and be has already proved bimeslf a capl-
tal stock getter,
T wish to tell the bard entire and together at
igen
tober,
Tn either case « liberal crodit will be xlven.
Glockvills, Madison Co, N.Y Joly 27, 16%
wnte ania. If not
disposed of, they will be told at publlc swe some thm in
wale caso Catalogrien will be rear
8 P CHAPMAN,
44eur
is
E
perve o
IMPOKTED CONSTERNATION.
Celebrated Stallion will stand at ths farm of J.B. Boner,
,bear Syracuse, until ufter the Siste Falr in Oct, aod will
ted number of mares wt $2) the season. 494
T'S
Broadway, New
LL THE MILK used hare comes from a
ly
HAMILTON
FEMALE SEMINARY,
Cutox 0. Burtt. A.M. Prinelpal
Mancawer Hasminas Wattace, Pr
Pail Term of Twenty-two weeks will bevin on Wednesday,
ib 2Hth For Catalogue, apply to the Principal, Hamilton, N.Y.
the
"
xpress and sol
Poattry, Faas and Pork vo ita Howse
the beat of Trt
HOFITABLE EMPLOYMENT
ASTOR HOUSE
York.
of tarsus Milk, Vegetable, |
ea SU as
oe BTRTHON
be bad
ing (post-paid) ROBERT SRA KS, 1st Willan St, N. York
ADVERTISEMENT.
N ANSWER to tho many letters of foquiry om the subject we
tants ay Geamgs oy solutes of ibe “BORALS teak oor i
‘not dexiyned Lo be used for thé purpess of
bend to the Kitchen, Lawn, Yard or Garden, aad or this purpose tf
cannot be excalled, ping chean and durable, ‘The order below ls a
azaplo of many tat are belng
Daxter, May 20, 1828.
wil
TC PET!
& HOBBIE & 00,
4 Arcode, Hochester, N. ¥,
TO NURSERYMEN AND FLORISTS.
the Gmaxp
is now fully
sis
end Inu
SUPERIOR LAND
KEDZIES WATER
SUBSCRIBE)
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER:
SS
AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER.
Eden. Ever since, I have imagined him, seated
among thistles and thorns, teaching Carn and
AnEL their A BOs
Aunt Drrsy is exceedingly fond of poetry. I
a clear, musical tinkle to the eleigh-bellr, as one by
one the crowded vehicles passed the house of Ax-
wetre Lacy on their way to the ball of mirth—
Thrice had Mra, Lacy tapped st her daughter's
A. FRO
GENESEE VY. ad ACES
Choice Loetry. Corner for the Boung.
Written for Moots Baral New-York | door and now she entered. remember two lines tat ceem to be perpetually at For Moore's Rural New Yorker.
_* ovR GUEST. “ Awwerrs,” esta ane, “HExsr fs in the parlor, | her tongue’s end, viz: GEOGRAPHICAL ENIGMA.
= and wishes to see you. What shall I ssy to bim?” “Pull many a dower is born to blush unseen, ———
ate TAPED. “One minute, mother. Tell him to wait one| 4B4 waste its sweetness on the desert air!” I at composed of 22 letters HICKOK?s
We bad read of him ofi—bad beard hia name minnte, and I will come.” “So sppropriste, io expressive!” Aunt Drssr | My 13, 9, 10, 14,20 ia a town onthe Maln river ib | KEYSTONE CIDER MILy
From jipe all Blanched with fear, Mra. Lacy torned away, and again the young girl | #478 I asked her once, if she wrote it Germany. MAYUVACTURED 3Y tae ?
My 5, 12, 19, 7, 2 is a cape south of Nova Scotia,
My 10, 2, 20, 5, 2 isa river in one of the Southern
Ststea
My 1, 2, 15, 20 is a country in South America
My 1, 2, 4, 14,18 is 4 gulf west of Patagonia
My 7, 2, 10, 9 ia a gulf north of Siberia,
My 65, 20, 11, 16 is « river in Treland. sale the best machine tn the
3,17, 7, Bib a river in Egypt ; pelea OW tr Gah
is the initial of a river in Siberia Soret Eagle Works, Harrisburg, Pa
We knew it wae linked with the palland the grave, | knelt at the bedside.
And the bitterly falling tear. “Give me strength,” she prayed, “strength and
‘We knew that be, in our neighbor's halls, wisdom, 0, my Gop.”
Yad sat an undidden guest, ‘The earthy love was wrestling strongly with the
And Grank life's wine with # rathiess hand, voice of duty within her heart “0, I cannotgive
The self-made “lord of the feast.” him up,” was the thought that burst sobbiogly from
Bat many a long, bright year had flown, her lipa. 2
Over time's silvery sen, A clear burst of song came finating up from a
And s bappy band of twelve had grows neighboring cottage, and its barden was the fa
“No, dear,” she replied. “I did not write it, but
Swaxsrgane did. By asd by, you will oppreciate
it better.”
.—.
Iwas ten years old at last, I thought the day
never would come, Ten years old—andI bad been
talking and dreaming of the time for montha I
have lived several years since then, but I think I
shonid always like 10 be, only “ten years old.”
The day came, as bright avd beautiful as eve: i RABE UYRRS.
In the shade of our own home tree. s) ir 2, 5, 20, 8, 17, 20, 5 is a volcano in Italy. CHANCE FOR "i
aie me Tattoksces ane miliar a ne, thesunshone upon. A previous shower had given | My 5, 20, 22, 9, 21 is en island north of Lake MUA BUYERS
‘and ons baarts forgottasidie All to love, a26 follow Thee.” 4 brighter sbade to Natore’s carpeting, and every Huron CATALOGUES SENT F REE.
For the Pale Guest, in bis annual rounds,
leaf, every flower, fairly glittered with the spark-
My whole is one of the United States and its
ling rain-drops, while the birds sang so merrily.
The tears sprang to AnnetTs’s eyes, and with
Still passed our bright home by.
COMPLETE CLASSIFIED CATALOGUE OF
x them the straggle was past. With a sad, sweet 91) because it was Say birthday PESTARED Dic oni = ear JorxBR | A to every deharunent of Literatar,cootalning Oo otaty lad
But one summer's day, bis atep we hoard, smile hovering around her lips, she descended to | 4:4 ‘All the litt! i ae! dress to &. & TVANR Pe “a
And we felt it was drawing near, the iltile parlor, and advanced to meet herloyer. | ~~ e litte girls in the neighborhood had| a> Answer in two weeks. “sin 489 Chestuat Ptreet,
A step as light aa a fairy queen's, a sala * | been Invited to spend the afternoon with me, and
‘Yet it thrilled our hearts with fear. “ Axnetts,” he said quickly, ‘I do not come to THE BEST APPLE PARER IN THE
we were to have te#ont in the garden, uoder the
For Moore's ural New-York. WHITTEMORE BROTHER® PATENT.
claim your promise for to-night. I know that {a | arbor and I wes tobe ed i bi < aa om .
For days bissbadow, dark as the night, of arrayed in my new white HISTORICAL ENIGMA. PPLES prepared for use by Ate revonions of. tbe crank.
Acroms our threshold lay, eal laples hos ae ed, eR must a frock, which my mother had mada on purpose for rf to Fifteen eames ans ar Cre ed nd Simple
And we vainly strove, with borrowed light, know whether this is to make any erense n | the oocasione Waders Gaikiag over onr arrange Tam orripostd CPA Teeane Sicha ad cpio prt te gee
To frighten its gloom away. tween ua—eny difference in your love for me.” jankee Logenulty, and ean
ments, when we heard the tinkling of a guitar, ac-
compavied by @ tanibourine, and a sweet childish
voice, singing under the window:
My 27, 6, 11, 29, 19, 1, 3, 36 was a Greek philosopher,
My 20, 87, 84, 16, 37, 14 was a Latin poet,
My 10, 30, 8, 26, 40 was one of the seven wise men
He entered then—and chose for his bride, The girl's voice was very low and tremulons as
‘The lovellent of our band, she replied, “No, Henny, my love ia not changed,
And Jo! in her heart life's crimson tide it never can be, bot ob! our relations to each 1y, 4 of Greece. Price competion nigl within teach of all
Grow still as ho clasped her band. other must be changed, unless,” she added, plead- elosetnercces 3 away; My 4, 29, 6, 41, 12, 16, 29, 22, 17, 27 was an emt | Wi (ORK BROTHEKS, Worcester, Muss,
"Twas vain that we prayed—in vain we wept, ingly, “unless yon will tarn and go with me. 0} And there’s no one left to Inve me now, nent Greek painter. KETCHUM’S REAPER AND MOWER.
For ber ear bad caught the tone Hanry, I cannot serve two masters. Will you not And you, too, may forget.” My 38, 23, 26, 30, 32 was a philosopher of Syracuse, a F
Of the golden barps by WHE RD galaaeeEy, try, first for my sake, if it must be, and then forthe | The musicians were a boy about twelve years| My 18,5, 11. 1, 26, 34 waa valiant Trojan chief. Rel. HOWARD'S
Ia the light of the “ great white Throne.’ love of Jasus, to walk in this path?”
old, and little girl apparently of my ownage. I My 21, 29, 37, 27, 41, 12, 7, 18, 24, 40, 9,10 was a
thought I never had seen any one half so beautifal comic poet.
as she was, Her soft dark eyes were full of teara| My 2, 35, 29, 94, 15, 31 is an ancient language,
as she sang.—I cried too; I coulda’t help it, and My 33, 18, 21, 13 19, 29, 37, 27 was a tyrant of Ag-
the boy’s lip quivered as he lightly touched his rigentom.
guitar, My whole is the name of lege, its locality,
Cash Premium List for 1858!
Bo abe wmiled on bim, serene and fair, “T cannot feign aa interest in religion that I do
And neemed not loth to go, not feel,” Henny Evron answered moodily. “Is
For ho had sworn he would lead her where this all T am to hope, Annette, for all the love I
LAfe's beautiful rivers Bow. bave wasted? Think of it, don’t anawer me now,
And our Goert turned grimly to depart, I will come again.”
Unmoved an be entered there, The door closed and he was gone, walking with
“How sweet! exclaimed Aunt Denny, as the| and its Preside A . Jacon
Unbeeding the wal of the bleeding heart, quick, nervous steps out into the open conntry.— | child concluded her simple song, “I wonder if Sananica WTR EEEe ee Uf cuties to scteanon the: Dolenets oe Ane ee eee
Y er. 4 BoA 4
Or love's wild, pleading pray Away from tho lighted church, away from the | Se,yxor? really perlshed while rusbiog after| sed” Answer in two weeks ion exe ery Zotatscary Wo the pobiig elmer Wa
And the eunlight falls not as of old, + , streets and cottages, away from the haunts of men, glory, or married some one else, and poor ‘J#an- oat HUNDRED AND FIFTY DOLLARS
And the gloom no more departs, out into the clear, frosty night he bad gone to find é 1st.—ONE a
For never the same will our band be told—
neTTe) was left to ‘waste her sweetness on the For Moore's Rural New-Yorksr. | 7» the farmer who abil cut the greatest number of acres of yras and
Death sliadow is on our hearts.
the solution of a great mystery; for Henny Exton desert air!’” MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA, (grain, in the shortest Ue, In tho best manver, and with tho least ox
. : Machine, manufactured ti year,
Independence, N. ¥., 1858. had on interest in religion that he was unwilling to My mother only laughed and called the children p= aot year,
own. Deep in bis agul he felt that Axwerre hed | in ‘The boy ssid:his name was Faancteco, and| J aie composed of 16 letters, 24.—ONE EUNDRED DOLLARS | :
ohowsa'tie'trne' path. ; little FLORELLE was his sister. Their home was in| My 2, 6, 9, 14 {s an animal, ep a er epee sata pron
The & ketch-Book, lone ea en ama the era, | aly. Ob, such pretty home! He had never | My 4, 8, 6, 16, 16 is a profession. 3a—ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS
er ZOO Rae) sans Gigaie s een anything like it in America, Th My 11, 3, 19, 12 i tion of the body. To the farmer who shall eut one hundred scres of gram, with any
evening, as the bell rang ont its accustomed call, | teem et ee ey had so} My 1, 3, a @ por y Ketchum Mower, in like manver.
many beautiful flowers and birds. It was sacha] My 1, 7, 11 is an adjective. 4th.—FIFTY DOLLARS
happy home too. Every night they would have| My 14, 3 is a preposition. ‘To the farmer, who shall cab fifty acres of grass, i Hike manner, with
such times singing together. Their mother had| My 10, 12, 4 is a number, A AL a
such a sweet voice, and thelr futher was a good My whole was a great man. Sth—TWENTY-FIVE DOLLARS
S that her proud lover was kneeling in the forest on
pen fe Meaty Brel Nees rote 1 bi crusted snow, praying for pardon and peace.
A SKETCH OF THE REVIVAL. Her face was sad, very sad; for the earthly hope
she strove to crush had been her first dream of hap-
b: Trenton, N. J., 1858. Jas. L. Naan, | Tothofarmor, who aball harvest twenty acros of clover seed, with any
BY JENNY A STONE. jlsoi, ni lin wath: pHs wan, Bean waa yet iow ar on ies aide Yes Brenton Neda "Se ranted pt le nn ove and hafta th nr
Loup and clearrang the village bell, Upthrough | t her feet—the consolation not yet fall, Bat so | their mother grew #o pale and thin, and one day a SA ee ee en ee
the evening air floated peal after peal, and the | Many sweet promises and blessed hopes were given | she died, So they left their home then, and came For Moore's Rural New-Yotkayy L
smow-clad hills sent back a shrill echo to the vale | her that night, that she trod tho aisles with a heart upon the great waters—their father, little FLORELLE, ARITHMETICAL PROBLEM. unt thereat per acre, tbe quality of wat
beneath. The little charch was filled to overflow- | fall of rest and peace, and whispered, “all for | ang himself. They had not been in the ship many ies Sich teen hod euch olber circumstances aa ay De
ing. Faooa wore there on which all the heart's | J=5U8,” as she knelt again at the altar,
anxiety might easily be read, and others just as| And although her eyes were turned away, yet
careless of the great Fature before them, And | Others eaw that just as she knelt, the heavy door
many were the bright eyes dimmed with tears, and | 8¥90g open, letting in a flood of moonlight from
hands conynlsively clasped together, as the elo-| Without, and with a firm, light tread, Hexny Evton
quent lips of the speaker poured forth consolation advanced and knelt beside the maiden. The
days when their father was taken sick and died,| THREE men, A, B, and C, own a tract of land. ,
and they buried ‘him in the blae waves. So the | One-bulf of A’s share, plus § of B's, equals 9 of SareaT eeatninalion ronda, oF TAY Sequire acl
little orphans came to this country alone. C’sshare. One-half of B’a share equals § of O's | tevin bis award af etend's te ea ihe
“Weearn a few pennies by singing,” said the | One-third of B's share, minus 1.10 of it, plas 6, fs} Avil tumlsh, blanks fox om aT
little Frorexxe, “just enough to buy our food, al- | equal to 19 acres, Query.—A, B, and ©, each one,
though we have not had anything to eat to-day.” | own how many acres? All together own how ey ‘of the wall
for the bleeding heart, and woke the deep voice of | Prayers were offered, the blessing pronounced, and My mother, bless her! made ready our table for | mapy acres? 9. HL De a cola
repentance in the bosom of pride. the lovers rose face to face, while close beside | the jittle ones, and then stood by, watching them | Obili, N. ¥., 1868. ma
“ Now is the accepted time, now is the day of sal- | them AxrHoR Exon still knelt, his lips moving in | eat, while her eyes shone with pleasure. Asthe| > Answer in two weeks chines, Masofheture of Ketshade Seco o es ees
vation.” rDICRIP mur bation., J TRIE 029 children rose to go, Auat Denny slipped a piece ee Baffalo, May 21, 1858,
h oy i " IN NO, 450.
The words floated down the aisles andoutupon| ,, 0, how I pity Awnzrre,” said a gay girl, as the | ° Money in the girl's hand, and bade her come} ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS, &o, 0,
BLAOK HAWK, Jr., lets,
Ofte. AY BE FOUND at tho Stable of the Subscriber, bad nie
In the course of time the young Italians andI| Answer to Miscellaneous Enigma:—TMlinols— Rocke ee oni aaa
became great friends. We used to sit together on | Springfield.
the banks of the little stream which winds its way| Answer to Geometrical Problem:—49 45+ feet.
throngh Da'sy Dell, and the brother and sister| Answer to Mathematical Pozzle:
wonld sing me songe of their native land, always 7 5 al 10 18
the clear, frosty air, while many a proud D,
head bent eae and Jower, and ey ne ayaldrs paused the cote ge late Wianieete sBhe
from dim and aged eyes, was euch a happy creature, bat of course, young
Then there was a long silence, followed by the Huton will never marry her now,”
sound of many passing forward to the little altar, And Awwerrz Lacy started from her pillow, as
Side by side they knelt. Men and women with the the chiming bells broke in upon her peacefal
, 2418 1210 1
snows of many winters on their heads, and knees | “*®8™& “ ending with “Jeannette and Jzanxor,” my 1 6 4 23 17
that notil now had never bent in prayer. Pair "Thank Gop I'am not there,” she whispered, with favorite, ‘ 8 22 20 11 9
maidens, manly youths, and tender children, —all o sigh of relief, as her head sank back again—
seeking for theself-same blessings. —all bowing be- | And thank Gop that Henry and Anravn are g0-
fore the one great Father. ing to seck Carisr, too. Dear Father, do not give
Near the right of the pulpit two brothers wore | ™¢ %! my blessings in this world.”
standing. The broad, intellectual brow of the one, TAPAS, Maes TEE,
and firm, expressive features of the other, gave
ample evidence that should they choose to heed Uy Mousie Baral Newtons
the call, they would make no common Jaborersin) A SKETCH BY THE WAY-SIDE,
the vineyard. Bat the Spirit had spoken once, yea,
5
As the summer wore on, the Jittle FLorgiuz be- 18 16 Sele
gan to fade. My mother and Auot Dessy took ;
her home, and norsed her with the greatest tender- a nf yer t { 6 eiue ut 5 Ff
ness, but in the autumn, the leaves were falling on
her grave.
Poor Francisco, he was sick a long time after. CENESEE VALLEY NURSERIES,
When at last be fully recovered, he worked day
and night, and in the spring following, a neat white
marble tablet stood at the head of the little mound,
Fruit Trees, Ornamental Trees, and
Shrubs, Roses, &., &c.
twice, and still they resisted the pleading. And BY. WOQUR WAAR. bearing this insoription: BE Pro premise pl Nreeries, have
now they were gazing curiously to mark what “F.oretiz—Singing in Heaven.” TRERS, ORNAMENTAL TREES, SHRUBS, ROSES,
friends should be among the worshipera who pass- We live in such a charming little valley called E TAS,
Seven or eight years have passed since then, and
Feaxcisco isin college now, bat he spends his va- Tho. ascortment of ROSES in very sehen bare)
cations at Daisy Dell. varieties which could be olgatnod, aod which rs coneidared sony
Time has begun to write pom loa oun oh cpllali ie Aime solar ~ ;
mother's brow, and silver her glossy brown hair.| The GREEN-HOUSE DEPARTMENT receives particular niten- a
‘ { Fchsias, Geral id other Groen-House rentent for trans
Bat her /ieart is not changed a bit—no, indeed! boty rire te oy eee omplecnt of Bxtate cloned acca conta wey v8
Aunt Densy is the same Aunt Dzssy still; teeth, FRUIT DEPARTMENT, seglared oF rok acre (ion
our stock consists of They are fen Wo agenta by the case ; with tbe exclusive
Daisy Dell, my mother, Aunt Denpy and J, in the
ptr 3 ith the tread of hope, | whitest of all possible white cottages, with green
aguntad alsng e sislan eir weight of despair, all b)inda, and such a profasion of flowers in the gar-
Eas inl fi den. I will not speak of my mother. It is not ne-
soy Bit! rose from @ seat near the brothers cessary, as every one who has ever bad a mother,
oad seuentd aud came slowly forward.— | knows how good and kind she can be. How her
SRR of tack, baeees pb canght &| bright smile Joving heart, and ekillfal hands, make
. \ long lashes —
were beaded with tears, turned imploringly toward home such a happy place. Bat Aunt Dgssy—she
ringlets and all. Francisco tells her in his play-
to dispose of them to be used tu cartalo doserited tertiory, oo very
can better be imagined than described, as the | ful way, that ele must be blessed with more APPLE of tie land Mag Dee end Beale “ advantageous terms. aad ah a
bh Pear P 2 © maiden passed onward and novela say. She isa maiden lady, somewhere be- | sweetness” than falls to the lot of common mor- PLUMS“A cies lation of wal vn ren rovolar wort oleatios relating 13 Sk baatoom will recive Teatoetats atention, i
by a as tween forty and fifty, very romantic, fond of poetry | tals, for she has Kot expended it all yet. PEACHES—A. choice ora Tro Cor gd
brother, turning to the ay Deslde Lenser | and flowers, and much addicted to the habit of| like Francisco. He is so gentle, 0 good, and | NECTARINES ALRICUTS aud QUINCES: in varty: | _ gag Circular wml cn aplication
“ t Barna i side him. talking to the moon, I remember one night I | sings so delightfully, and then, he has such splen- fing try of on FOR SALD.-
wer, a3 3
eee, tet . e only rere ey threadea their | slept with Aunt Densy, and after she had laid aside | did eyes! CURRANTS—Twents-Aivecholcenort including many new varieties | A FARM. OF ONE HUNDGED Aitt SETI os Lake,
way ont into the open air, just as the man of Gon | her false ringlets, and taken ont her teeth, prepara- KASPBERRIES. GOOSEBERRIES, BLACKBERRIES AND ‘a view of he same equal to aytng oo Use Nort rivet
commenced his earnest appeal for the precious | tory tothe coming on of “ Nature's sweet restorer” | Tum Evi, or 4 Bap Teurzn.—A bad temper is] {AV ERIPS S mtaodaten of NURSERYMEN, STOCK | FE, Coal of sll aed wall uproved: SIP Me, em Van wih
souls who had come to the foot of the cross, she blew ont the light, and raising the curtain, | a curse to the possessor, and its influence 1s most | snd SEEDLINGS, includlug ATIL-E, FEAT PLUM CHERRY, daily, commuiaiion with bth places Tes ccoesiensei tepetion,
Henry Evron, the elder, stepped quickly, lifting | commenced an apostrophe to the Queen of Night. | deadly wherever itiafound. It{s allied to martyr- Dolpding Norway yroce, Balan Fir, Scoteh Pine, Austrian Readout ef a Ta evn being. ‘boat to
his hand now and then with a mysterious, impa-| Ob, dear! how I laughed! It sounded so fanny to | dom to be obliged to live with one of @ complain- | Lah and Hedge Fnnts change his reddeocs i (he exile (arms, to salt the purchaser For
Lf OKNAMENTAL DEPARTMENT. fand seventy acres,
ent movement to his brow, as if to brush away | hear Aunt Denpy talk without her teeth! Y
:
i
F
:
i
ing temper. To hear one eternal round of com-| 9, sencx of Ornamental Trees and Strubs ols, Decous and
+ ss Seed as eed Be mae PAWN sd) eritbiet TREES and SHRULS fated cone in
are rerpetual and Suramer Roses: Mom. :
tela Ten like the sting of « scorpion—e per | Tx, Devs Cm wa Clog or Pate Rae RE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER
Ae RUDE HARDY HERBACEOUS or BORDER FLANTS wa BL] MOO! ,
petual nettle, destroying your peace, rendering | poUS FLOWER ROOTS, an extentive assortment THE LEADING WEEKLY
life aDanten, me tomar reed ene tec ths Seared deal we alee wo Gee Tull ea of Coiooes | Agricultaral, Literary and Family Newspaper,
parest and sweetest atmosp!
ed hm ag A a NO RECS Soe Ce tats, for wie SS oe eS
into a deadly miasma wherever this evil genius Wo: 1: “Deseriptive Catalogus of Frotis, £c. Snot 7D we ae aoe
vaila It has been said truly, that while we “2 do éo— Omamental Fe UGE e, Ne
Shrubs,
ht not to let the bad temper of othersinfluence| + do, do, Fiat, Dahlian te. | Office, Union Buildings, Opposite the Court House,
ug, it would be ss unreasonable to spread a blister ‘Wholesale or Trade List for Nurserymen and Doalers
upon the skin, and not expect it to draw, as to
think of a family not suffering because of the bad
2
Fy
5
*
&
some unpleasant conviction that had settled there.
But it was very evident that he did not sucoeed—
for, as his brother spoke his name for the third
wee ‘ard him a face fall of perplex-
mean’ auswered, “Well, w
ns ‘ell, what is it,
“I was going to say,” replied the other, “that
as be apt to go to the ball w
“Why not speak out y yar fall tho: ” and hear me repeat:
tioned Hawa, bitterly, Sa a dpi Sei “Now I lay me down to sleep,”
spare ing Pain o and every day Aunt Denny would drill me in my Do
myself a Seats ABC's [always pity little children, who are per- | temper of its inmates, One string out of tune will
ABTaUR mo secated by alphabet-teaching Aunt Denny's, destroy the music of an instrument otherwise per- ¥y 3 y 4 3
”™ Dear me! = one a eed oy ies! fect; so if all the members of pSaie SABRES 3 3 3 3 EVERY BOOK,
BR when a child, over same 1| hood, and family, do not cultivate a and affec- IFT ITH
5 Gace terheeae reply, and with | asked Aunt Deeny one day, who invented the | tionate teciper, Hate wile discord and every evil pm i 35 CENTS DO: $0800.
good-night, alphabet. Sbe caid it most have been Apax, for | work.—Siano.
be was the “first man,” end his pame began with
A, ergo,the “first man” invented the alphabet, and
it began with A. Inever pitied Apaw after that,
for being excommanicated from the Garden of
Since I have studied Astronomy, I have discoy-
ered the reason of Aunt Denny's midnight ad-
dresses to the silvery planet, I believe it was Her-
sonst, who made known the fact, that there isa
“man in the moon!” No doubt Aunt Dezsy
studied Astronomy when she was 9 girk
Nothing very unusual happened to disturb the
even tenor of my way during my childhood, Every
night my mother would come to my little roo
I
F
E
5
TERMS, IN ADVANCE:
Turxe is nothing so great that I fear to do for
my friend, nor nothing so small that I will disdain
to do for him — Sir Philip Sidney.
EVANE &
(43-15) O11 Booadexp y, New York City
TWO DOLLARS A YEAR.)
“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.”
(SINGLE NO. FIVE CENTS.
YOL. IX. NO. 37.3
ROCHESTER, N. Y.—SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER U, 1858.
{WHOLE NO. 453.
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,
AN ORIGINAL WEEKLY
Agricultural, Literary and Family Newspaper.
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE,
WITH AN ABLE CORPS OF ASSISTANT EDITORS,
“ These money results, satisfactory, though they be,| after being strained through linen, had a specific
are not, we consider, the only points of advan-| gravity of 1.062; and, after boiling and the separa-
tage which the introduction of these machines| tion of analbuminous scum, 1.055. Three and one-
confers npon agriculture. By their aid we can| half fluid ounces of the strained jaice was evapo-
carry out a complete system of autumnal cultiva-| rated at 212° F., until it became a dense straw-
tion now so generally admitted to be desirable, but | yellow syrup, too thick to ran when cold, and
which it is extremely difficult to effect with the| giving 217 grains of saccharine matter.
That
Tw Borat Xew-Touxen ls Gosigned to be unenrpawed in ordinary force of a farm, in ordinary seasons, and | portion of the juice which had been freed from all
be yo Pato Ld A og been =A Lo! under ordinary circumstances. We can continue| albaminous matter and filtered through paper,
Gon 00 the expervisicn of ts vaioms dan Us ty labows our cultivation by plowing or otherwise, well| gave, on evaporation of a finid ounce, 78 grains
nigh regardless of weather, and upon land which} of thick yellow syrap, which, being dissolved in
would not submit to the pressure of horse labor. | absolute alcohol, left 9 per cent of macilaginous
We have perfect control over the work we wish to | substances containing starch, The alcohol took
have done; and when it is done, it is found to be | UP 6 grains of saccharine matter: The result in
more regular thronghont, and to be in a more open | this lot eqnalled 14 36-100 per cent. on the juice.
and desirable condition than could be obtained by | In other instances the yield of syrap varied from
the best and most judicious application of the ordi-| 12 down to 9 per cent, Lime-water and algo bone-
to render the RURAL an eminewtly Reliable Guide on the important
Practical, Selentific and other Suljects intimately connected with the
business of those whose interests It eealonaly advocates It embraces
more Agricaltural, Horticultural Selentific, Fitcontional, Literary and
News Matter, interspersed witb appropriate and beantiful Kneravings,
than any other Journal— rendering it the mort complete AGRICULTU-
mat, Lirkgaxy axp Fasoty Jovmnat (n America
[FAN communications, and businew letters, should be addromed
to D. D. T, MOOKK, Rochester, N. Y.
Rural Soew-tlovker,
PLOWING BY STEAM.
Now that the telegraph wire is stretched across
the trackless waters, and the lightning flashes down,
down, among the silent caverns and over the moun-
tain tops of old ocean, carrying cold compli-
ments between Queens and Kings and Presidents,
ond warm words of love from friend to friend, we
must move onward to greaterachlevementa. What
the next great step will be in the march of im-
provement we cannot say, but moat assured)y this
nary implementa of a farm. These are point
which we cannot too strongly recommend to the
attention of those interested in the advancement of
agricultare,
We wish it distinctly understood thatthroughout
the trials we bave charged the machines with the
maximum of working expenses, and have credited
them with the minimum value for the work pe:
formed. We feel confident that when in constant
operation on a farm, the work done would be at
lower rate of cost than that now given, and their
great advantages then more clearly and directly
shown. At the came time, too, it must not be for-
gotten that the engines themselves are equall.
applicable to all the other power purposes of th
farm.
From the foregoing results of the trials intruste
step will be made, and will be as mach in advanc
of the present
‘van
ad-
coach:
There is no stopping place—no bonnde id Sean
ventivegoniusofman. Agriculture has, porhape, re-
to our decision by the Council of the Royal Agri-
e | cultural Society, and conducted throughout under
our immediate supervision, it is beyond question
‘tua air. Fowler's machine fa able to turn over the
soil in an efficient manner at dsaving, 05 yey sent;
ta | black were used as porifiers, A small proportion
of crystallized sngar was obtained from the
bottom of a vessel inwhich the syrap had stood
for some days, Dr, J, found that when the seeds
were ripe the cane contained the most sweetness—
in some specimens which were just in flower there
was but very little saccharine matter.
Tn the statements of J. H. Hamonn, Esq., of
Silverton, South Carolina, before the Beach Island
- Farmer’s Club, we observe a point of difference be-
tween his demonstrations and Dr, Jackson's in
reference to the swectneas of the cane at various
stages of growth. Mr. H. had a rude mill put up
iy with two beech wood rollers, and first cnt 1,750
e | canes, which he supposed a fair sample of the
patch. He says:—“The first 300 or 400 were
rl passed through the mill twice, the remainder four
times, and the yield was 194 quarts of jnice. The
jnice was received in common tubs and tested by
4 thermometer, and a saccharometer with a scale
of 40°, The thermome*er stood in every instance
Ot TBO PR, The nwoe porary aa petsA team OTIS tn
fresh-laid egg. I boiled it in a deep, old-fashioned
T-
celved its fall share of attention and advantage from
this faonity, and it is no doubt destined to receive
still greater benefits, We can remember when most
of the threshing was done by the flail, and with
how much difficulty machinery for this purpose
was introdaced in some of the most civilized parts
of the world—when every Earopean arrival brought
us intelligence of the destruction of threshing ma-
chines in England, by mobs of infuriated farm
laborers, who feared they would deprive them of
their labor and their bread, and leave them to star-
vation, Now, not content with using machines
driven by horse-power, steam is much used for this
purpose, and no sane man opposes their use or thinks
they are aught but a benefit, The youngest of our
readers almost can remember the introduction of
reaping and mowing machines, and some will recol-
lect when the reaping hook and sickle were the
implements used in cutting wheat. Seed-sowers ] =
and planters are of bat recent introduction,
within a very few years the various forma of cult!
vators and shovel-plows haye almost superceded
the use of the hoe, much to the relief of the farmer
and the benefit of the crops, as the soil is kept
in mach finer tilth, with lees labor, It was only &
week or two ogo, and daring quite a “dry spell,”
that a farmer informed us that while he once
dreaded the dronth, now he had no fears, as by the
free use of the small plow, cultivator, and shovel-
plow, all injary from this canse was prevented.
Plowing by steam ts bound to attract considera-
ble attention in the agricultural world for a few
years, Tho idea will seem chimerical to many, but
certainly not more so than some things now in
general use would have appeared fifty, or even
twenty years ago. The present week we have for
the first time seen a Steam Fire Engine in success-
fal operation. The proposition to make steam
available for this purpose would have been langhed
atten yearsago. On small, or hilly farme, steam,
wo suppose, will never be used, but there is no land
in the world better adspted to steam-plowing
than the boundless prairies of the West. In ten
years from now scores of steam plows may be en-
gaged in turning over these rich soils, Be this as
ft may, we will keep our readers advised of all that
is being done in the way of plowing by steam.
A prize of $2,000 was offered by the Royal Agri-
cultural Society of England for “che Steam Culti-
vator that shall in the most eficient manner turn over
the soil, and be an BooNOMcaL svssteroTE for the
plow and the spade” Our last English journals
give the report of tho Committee which have
awarded the premiam. There weré fice competi-
tors for the prize, only two of which came up to
the requirements given above, and to one of these
was awarded the prize and to the other a gold
medal, The Committee after giving a full report
of the working of the prize engine and plow,
(Fowler's) and the many careful experiments made
4s to saving of expense, say they found the follow-
ing result. Light land can be plowed by steam
at 50 cents an acre less than by horse heavy
land for 80 cents am agro less, while land can be
Crenched by steam power can be done
by vhe spade and at less. r the cost.
The Committee
on heavy land, 25 to 90 per cont; and in trench-
ing, 80 to 85 per cent.; while the soil in all cases
is left in a far more desirable condition and better
adapted for all the purposes of husbandry. We
are, therefore, unanimously of opinion that he is
fully entitled to the price of £300, and we now give
our award accordingly.”
THE CHINESE SUGAR CANE.
Arter the lapse of several months, in whio
time it would almost seem that the Rurax ha
given this Saccharine Celestial the wall, we agai
revert to his “Sweetness” with pleasurable sensa-
tions. The pastseason has been an extraordinaril,
favorable one for testing the value of this cereal,
for its powers of producing sugar an
and we think that a finality can be reache
Rohan Potatoes, et id omne genus.
pressing agent,” in addition to being assigned
position amid “false prophets.”
In the vicinity of Rochester there was a con-
siderable amount sown the past spring, and, as
far as our knowledge extends, the crop wears
promising appearance. The growth of the past
season has been strong, and with a few weeks good
weather the probabilities for its arriving at ma-
turity are propitious. Thus far we can speak
favorably—the result of the final process of
manvfacturing syrap and sugar is still to be
demonstrated. The mode of operation which
to be the guide of the sugar-maker is not y
definitely settled, even among those whose experi-
ments have been the most successfal; while the
great majority who are now cultivating it, have, to
tay the least, very crude opinions upon the subject.
Thor, in our report last season, one has a produ
“resembling the green scum of a frog pond, and
no more grain than is possessed by tar;” another
makes a syrop, bat with “a strong and rather
disagreeable vegetable flavor; a third baa sn
“excellent article of sweetening, bat dark;” whi
the fonrth produces an “amber-colored liqai
qnestion can be definitely scttled aa to
er it may be written “a good thing,” or
assed with Morus Molticaulis, China Tree Corn,
If St fails, the
“speculation In crushers,” foretold by our RouzaL
correspondent, (W. B, P.,) will find its days num-
ered, and we may reasonably expect “lots of old
wares” upon the market—should success be the
word, unbelief must pay a premiam for an “ex-
“cow-pot,’ and, after six to seven hours’ boiling,
obtained $2 quarts of tolerable syrap. The next
day I selected 10 canes, the heads of which were
fully matured, 10 more in fall milk, 10 more the
heads of which were just fully developed and the
top seed beginning to turn black, and again 10
comprising all these stages, but from which I did
not strip the leaves’ They were all passed through
the mill seven times, and yielded nearly the same
quantity of jaice—about 3 quarts for every 10
h canes. The jaice, tested by the saccharometer,
d showed that the youngest cane had rather the
2! most, and the oldest rather the least saccharine
matter. The whole, together with that of a few
| other good canes, exhibited at 80° of the ther-
mometer 244° of the saccharometer. From 42
a pints of the juice I obtained, after four hours’
| boiling, 9 ‘pints of rather better syrup than that
made the day before. In these boilings, I mixed
with the cold juice about a tea-spoonful of lime-
water, of the consistency of cream, for every 6
gallons.”’
Another experiment in boiling was made before
several members of the Club, in which $74 quarts
of the juice—the yield of 800 canes—were put in
the pot. Mr, H. says:—" With the thermometer at
86° in the Janice, the saccharometer stood at 243°;
8] we boiled the jaice until it ron together on the
rim of the ladle and hong in a transparent sheet
half en inch below it before falling. And this in
two and @ half hours. The result was 6 quarts of
a| choice syrup. The next day I repented the experi
ment on a larger scale, with equal success, and
brought to the Clab enough of the syrup to enable
every member to try it and jodge of its quality.
All who tasted it agreed that it was equal to the best
that we get from New Orleans. In these last boil-
ings, I put a table-spoonfal of lime-water, prepared
is | as before, to every 10 gallons. The whole process
et | of clarifying and boiling was carried through in
the enms pot, and that very unsuitable from its
depth.”
In our next we shal! commence a record of the
experiments of J. 5. Lovexixe, of Philadelphia.
ct | Mr, L. would seem to have met with the most
marked succees of any of those who have yet
endeavored to manufactore both syrup and sugar
from the Sorghum, ani the facts spread out in his
report will doubtless prove of much value to all
le | who are expecting their own fields shall hereafter
4, | farnish them with sweetness, as well as fatness.
much to be preferred to the best sagar-honse in all a —- —
respecta” Here we have disgust—a gleam
hope—s flash of light—and one enjoying the full
fraition of a properly conducted experiment. Our
purpose now is to lay before the readers of the
Rear, intwo orthree consecutive numbers, such re-
Knowledge as has been obtained
upon the subject, so that the great army of inves-
tigators may work understandingly, and that their
labors may result in the best retarns which the
Mable experimental
Chinese Sagar Cane is capable of yielding.
Among the Chemical Researches given in the
of TRANSFEREING BEES,
Mersens. Ena:—In the Ronax of Jaly teh
noticed a communication from M. M. Barparor, in
which he assumes to give the public some valuable
information and advice © for the benefit of all con-
cerned, and the * Movable Comb Hie,’ "—those selling
it i particular. As I have been informed by Mr.
Laxosrrora’s assignee that Mr. Barparnee, or
that family, have porchased the right for the
« Movable Com’ Hive" for Niagara Co., and as five
last Patent Office Report, we find several records | handred or more of the “Combination Hives”
of experiments made by C. T. Jacksox, of Boston, | haye been sold in that and Orleans Counties the
Mass. The first plants operated on were from the | past season, it bas become necessary for them to
close their report by saying-— ‘ £0Vernment grounds in Washington. The juice, | make some bold and special Fort to change the
Ir affords us pleasure to present Runan readers
the accompanying description and illustrations of
an Improved Plow, invented by Mr. H. Warnxn,
of Penn Yan, N. Y., and patented on the 20th of
July, 1858, We understand that this plow has been
thoroughly tested by several of the best farmers in
Yates, Steuben and other counties, who pronounce
itagreatimprovement, Itisapparently worthy the
attention of the agricultural public, and we trust
will prove alike creditable to the inventor and yal-
uable to cultivatora. The figares represent the
several parts, and, with the following description
by the inventor, will enable our readers to compre-
hend the improvement and its advantages:
“The beam is much improved over the beams
heretofore in use, It is made lighter and longer,
and the pecoliar shape of the beam gives it much
Whew Leis oust! which mikes the {ron or & uniform
toughness and consequently greater strength. A
transverse section of the beam nearly resembles
the letter 5.
The union of the beam with the mold-board is
an important point in this plow and is entirely new
and very plafo in constraction, Figures 2, 3 and
4 clearly show how this union is made; and it
may be ecen that the beam extends downward and
forms the landside portion of the plow. The for-
ward part of this portion is fitted to the landslide
part of the mold-board in such manner that when
the plow is drawn the joints are drawn more firmly
together, so that if the bolts become loose the plow
will keep its proper shape and not be in danger of
being broken by careless plowmen. This method
of forming the connection is as cheap as any of the
3 Na Wis
WARREN'S PATE
NT PLOW-Fig. 1.
methods heretofore used, and is far superior to any
other in practical utility.
The mold-board isa fine specimen of mechanical
skill; it is simple and easy of construction, and its
peculiar connection with the beam gives {t strength
and dorabjlity beyond any plow now in use, Tho
share is fitted to the mold-board only, and is fitted in-
Seniously, It hasafirm and analterable place which
much decreseea the liability of breaking shares,
Figure 2 is an attachment for a wood beam; it
may be put in the place of the iron beam when a
wood one is preferred, and can he done without
any alteration whatever, by simply removing the
iron beam and substituting the wood in its place.
This attachment and the wooden beam have
the same offect on the mold-board. Tho at-
tachment, and the iron beam also, rises up back
DEIDg CLOK REG. Alas sicauwemeony we vory spore
tant when large clover, stabble or coarse manure
is to be plowed under, The whole construction
and arrangement of the plow is well adapted tothe
mannfacturer's wishes and to the wants of the
farmer. The satisfaction and recommendations of
the farmers who have used it, ls a sufficient guar-
anty to the inventor and manofacturers to induco
them to offer thia Plow to the public or farmera in
general, for no donbt now remains that it will give
satisfaction when it is thoroughly tried by a prac-
tical farmer.”
Farther information relative to this improve-
ment can be obtained by addressing Warten
Wanren, the Inventor, or Messrs, Wannen &
SECTIONAL PARTS OF WABREN’S PATENT PLOW.
F. W. Toney, the Proprictory, at Penn Yen, Yates
Co, N. ¥.
ourrent of public favor and patronage from the
“ Combination” to the “ Movable Com Hive.” And
it is evident, from the whole tenor of the article,
that the object and intention of the writer was not
so much to benefit “all concerned,” as it was him-
self and others interested in selling the “ Movable
Com Hive,—and not so much to give instruction
in regard to “transferring and driving bees,” aw \t
was to “transfer” public favor and patronage from
the “Combination Hive” to the “ Movable Comb
Hive,” and “drive” the “Combination Hive” ont
of their way. But we have no fears at all of the
result where both kives have been introdaced, and
their merits are Enown.
In a former article of hia on “ Driving Bees,” in
the Rvgax of April 3d, bo says:—"Having had
considerable experience in driving, and having
met with complete success, I will, without hesitancy,
give, for the benefit of all concerned, the true
modus operandi,"—and in the closing sentence of
the article says:—" The above instraction, ifstrictly
followed, will insure success to the most ignorant
beckerper.” But now, after a period of about two
months, he comes ont in another article, and
gravely cantions them to look well to thelr own
interest before atfempting fo do what would “insure
complete success” only o few weeka* previous
Now, I would ask, what bas wrought this wonder
fol change in his mind! Have bees changed fn
their habite?—or bas Mr. B. got astride a new
hobby?—or interested in the “Movable Comb
Hie?” Certainly be bas not hed sufficient time
to test the matter so ss to recommend ft un-
qualifiedly ** the most succemsfol mode of
mansging bees He ssys:—"Hed I last year
known what losses I enstainad by driving, I
should have done quite differently; now, instead of
driving, 1 tranafer;” and gives os bis reasons for #0
dolng, the great advantages derived by transferring
the old combs and honey from the old to the new,
and wouldhave bee keepers believe the old combs
to be just as good and healthy as new ones. And
farther, tolkupport this theory and strengthen his
case, H6 WiPfoses that twenty pounds of honey fs
consumed by the bees in constrocting sufficient
combs to contain that amount of honey, and
finally conclades, after several “ suppositions,” that
five dollars at least is saved on each stock trans-
ferred, by transferring the old combs and honey to
the new bive.
Now the writer may believe all of the foregoing
“suppositions,” and all that has been told bim by
those interested in that theo: For one, I mast
beg leave to differ with him this, as well as
onsome other polnte, Daring twenty years prac-
tical experience and close oleervation—in which
time I bave transferred some two handred stock,
and have {on many Instances transferred the old
comb into the new hive, to be used by the bees
for brood combr—I ave almost universally found
them to do the best, and prove the most healthy
and prodactive, when I have transferred only a
portion of the old combs, (or such 28 contained
eggs and unmatured brood,) into the (op boxer of
the Combination Hive, fo be remored 23 SOORAS tbe
brood matureyj—which will be in the coarse of
twenty-one days—by which time the bees will have
a good supply of new, healthy combe coustracied
ip the main hive, much more to their liking than if
traéferred there by the most stil/fol theorist tn the
E=
universe. In my opinion, the only sdvantage
derived from the old comb isin saving the eggs
and unmatared brood, and the inflsence it has on
the bees in accustoming them to abe
And the “ supposition” that 60 much honey an
time are consumed by the bees in constracting the
comb, some may believe, but those who have had
experience in bee-keeping and paid attention to
the subject I think will know better. It is well
known that a new swarm will often fill a hive with
combs and honey to the amount of from fifty to
seventy while the parent stock will not
have increased in weight ten pounds, and often not
five pounds) The main reason of this difference
in thelr working is the fact that the old colony
have a hive fall of comb and young brood to
attend to, which occupies a good share of their
time, while the new swarm have nothing to do at
the commencement but collect materials and con-
stract combs and store them, but after the firat two
weeks ‘iy will not store honey or construct combs
as rapidly,—and I baye found that transferred
stocks operate very similar. If the old combs are
transferred, it occupies a great share of their time
in attending to them, and the bees very ecldom
work as well after being transferred with the
combs as before, while a stock that-is transferred
and have only a small quantity of brood combs in
the top box will work mach more industriously
than before.
Bat if Mr. B. has as much faith in his supposi-
tions and theories as he would have others believe,
and is as anxious to inform the public on practical
facta as he has been to misinform them by misrep-
resenting facts, 1am ready and willing to test the
matter with him, to the satisfaction of all con-
cerned, in the following manner, viz:—He may
transfer into the “ Movable Comb Hive” five, ten or
fifteen stocks of bees, with thirty or forty pounds
of old combs and honey,—the combs shall be not
Jess than four years old, (as he contends old combs
are as good as new,)—and I will transfer into the
Combination Hive the same number of stocks, of
the same age, and quantity of beee—as near as
may be,—and transfer only a portion of the old
comb (or such as contains eggs and unmatured
brood) into the top boxes. I will however reserve
the privilege (if I choose to do so) of feeding to
each stock in the Combination Hive the same
amount of honey that he transfers into his. The
hives shall all be placed in the care of responsible,
disinterested persons, who shall do justice to all,
and at the expiration of six months or one year
they shall report a true statement of facts; and if
in their opinion five dollars, or one /ia/f that amount
is gained by transferring the old combs into the
new hive, then Mr. B. shall be entitled to the
Combination Hives and their contents; but if, in
their opinion, that amount is not gained by trans-
ferring the old combs—then the “ Movable Com
Hives” and their contents shall be forfeited to me,
Again, he is extremely anxious to inform the
public of all the good qualities of the “ Movable
Comb Hive,’ and even exaggerates them, and is
jast as anxious to misrepresent and injure the
reputation of the Combination Hive.” In referring
to the latter, he ssys:—“ There is a patent hive in
g ” {and he might with ‘ruth said, mor
————
os
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER
A HOME PICTURE
Oxce I built » house just to my fanoy, and— but
let me describe it to you, and tell you all about it
I owned fifteen acres just about a mile from @flour-
ishing village in Western New York, and just a
convenient distance from the New York and Erie
Bailroad. My land was very productive, and well
cultivated. hada great variety of froit. In my
garden were several kinds of strawberries, raspber-
ries, blackberries, grapes and currants. In the
orchard the best of apples, good peaches, pears,
plums, cherries, and, besides, we had a superior
vegetable garden, and asmall spot devoted to flow-
era, and flowering shrubs in our yard. For ehade,
we had several varieties of our native forest trees,
maple, mountain ash, basswood, &c.
Beyond my orchard, was a nice pastare for the
cow, who yielded us abundance of cream and milk,
and some butter, I also kept two good horses,
which could be driven singly or together, as we
chose. I had a plain, double carriage, a single
covered buggy, and a small democrat wagon for
business purposes, or maddy roads.
Now for my house. It was built of brick —part
of it two stories, It was not very large, bat we had
plenty of room, and used it alJ. It was not placed
in the road, but back far enough to be ont of the
dust and noise of travel. On the front of the main
building, was a hall, and our eitting-room. We
had no parlor to keep shut and open it on grand
occasions—we used the best room ourselyea Our
friends always found us there, when we were at
home. The sitting-room was well furnished, and
made in every respect as pleasant as it well could
be, adorned with kindly faces, and loving smiles
We had a sort of rule, not to carry sour or gloomy
faces into that room. On one side of this room,
and adjoining the ball, «vas a small room where we
kept afew books, and contained a writing desk,
table and lounge, pictures, &c, Beyond this was
our family sleeping-room, large, airy, pleasant, In
this room there was a fire-place, as there was in the
sitting-room. Then there was a dining-room and
kitchen,—not the least important department, by
any means. This room was specially arranged for
convenience and ease in labor. There was a box
made in the wall, half of it being in the wood-
house, which conld be filled with wood without
carrying it by armfals in the door. Inside there
was a cover which could be kept down in cold
weather. There was also plenty of water to be
had withont going out of the room. The cellar-
door opened out of the kitchen, as all cellar-doors
should, or else in @ pantry.
Why do people pay so little attention to the
arrangements of the kitchen? What most misera-
bly contrived houses most people live in,—not for
the want of means, but from the inconsiderate,
thoughtlessness of the builders. We spend the
most of our lives in houses, or women do, and yet
how little expense and pains are taken, to make
them attractive, and pleasant, and convenient—
And do we not all of us live ont more than half our
days, before we begin to think, and compare, and
study into the whys and wherefores of existence,
and see whether we are living to some end, and
haying the fall measure of enjoyment which is our
midge, I think ft is useless to sow any other, ex-
cept, perhaps, on some dry sandy foils. If farmers
in this section would continue to grow these hardy
varieties, they may, in the course of a few years,
become s0 acclimated or changed in quality, as to
be nearly if not quite equal to the whiter varieties | day or two,—wash through brain water as before, | arrived for holding
formerly raised in this region. AaB G
Ogden, N. Y., 1858.
NORTHERN ILLINOIS CORRESPONDENCE | brains, place them on plates, and roast them grad- | attend and contribu’
Eps. RvraL:—You haye heard “hard times” | Hack them fine while roasting. They will keep for | terest of the nea.
until it has got to be a worn out story, I suppose,
but it seems the West has cried “wolf, wolf,” when
itwas nothing more than a harmless fox. Last
year our fields waved with golden grain of a loxao-
riant growth, our garners were full and ranning
over, and thongh there seemed to be a dark cloud
hanging over the commercial horizon that sensibly
affected the farmer, yet he could feel a kind of
self.complacency in thinking that at least Provi-
dence had smiled upon his efforts and bountifally
supplied his immediate wants. But there is a
marked contrast this year. The crops are very
poor on the rich prairies of Illinois.
First, about the wheat crop in this section of the
country. A variety known as the “Canada Club”
has entirely failed. As it yielded more than any
other kind last year, farmers put in a great share
of it for the crop of the present season, thus
proving that the experience of one year will not
always be successfol the next. Many fields of this
variety stand unharvested—some farmers cut down
have stacked the wheat, but it will not yield more
than two bushels per acre—some pieces may yield
more, but five bushels is the most we can expect of
poor shrunk wheat. Another variety, but recently
introduced, is from Wisconsin. I belieye but one
piece raised in this town has done well. It hasa
nice, plump berry, and probably will yield from
fifteen to twenty bushels per acre. This variety is
known as the “Scotch Club.” Both of these yari-
eties are bald. Another kind, known as the “Rio
Grande” (bearded) bas done well, Many pieces
will yield twenty bushels per acre, but, in compari-
son to the amount sown, there is little of thisa—
Another sort the “Ttalian” (also bearded) I hear
has done well, bat I have not examined it These
varieties are all spring wheat. But very little win-
ter wheat is raised on the prairies. Old settlers
say that when the prairies first began to be settled
winter wheat did well, but about eleven years ago
there was an entiré failure of the crop, since which
time the farmers haye not succeeded in raising
good crops. In the Barrens, winter wheat does
much better, and spring wheat is much better this
season than on the prairies.
Oats, which may be said to be one of the princi_
ple crops of Illinois, are a bad failare—some fields
are worth nothing. One of my neighborathreshed
out what he got off of twenty acres and he had
twenty five bushels. Some fields are worse than
this, and some much better, but I assure you the
oat crop ia a complete failare—worse than the farm-
ers ever experienced before, and it makes some look
blae. They had seen yheat, corn, and potatoes
‘conceited vendors” [he might also say,
by those using them] “to be just the thing needed,
80 that we can change the combs every year or go,
and also informing the public that if the combs
fre not changed every year or two the bees will
become dwarfs.” In reply to the foregoing we
will state, for “the benefit of all concerned,” that we
do not recommend changing the brood combs every
year or two, or every third year, merely on account
of the cells becoming too small; but there are
other reasons why the health and Prosperity of a
Stock of bees is benefited, and Srequently a stock
saved, by removing the old combs from them. For
instance, where the combs have mildewed or become
mouldy, or infested with moths, or contain a diseased
brood. Bat this we do say:—The hive is just the
thing for removing the old combs, or a portion of
them, or of the honey stored in the lower part of
the hive, just as often and whenever we think the
health and prosperity of the colony and the in-
terest of the owner requires it, whether it is every
year, or only once in five years, and do it, too, with-
out exposure to the bees or injury to them. We
also gay it is “just the thing” to accommodate
either large or small families of bees with as much
or as little space as they actually need, at any season
of the year, We also state, for the benefit of Mr,
B, that we will make him a handsome present if he
will prove that the said seoti
convenient and well arr:
good a purpose,
or used“ long ere,
orn,” —until devised
Reine pear And we will
° ”
we have a claim fora patent on th eect
dividers duly filed on record in the Patent Office,
and that we have the opinion of competent judges
that a patent will be issned on the same whenever
I choose to have it examined; and whoever makes
or uses the same without Sathority will do it at
their peril.
Mr. B. also considers himself in du’
notify the publio that the hive is just
Out “the Moth Trap.” Now, Messre. Editors, one
of two things are certainly true. Mr. B. is either
entirely ignorant of the operations and advantages
of the “Moth Trap,” and states that of which he
ss = nak of knowing whether his statements
or false; or, if he is acquainted with them,
Tl and Meited misrepresents them, for
a a ae statements false by /us-
Now, Messrs, Eds, I hope I be pardoned for
ee 50 much space ie the ae and I
aah Rot have asked the favor or taken the
had the writer been fair and
ity bound to
88 good with.
re tied he could not
oh aimed at
reer ahr of papers who copied
a 4 to, will have the goodness to
copy this alee EW, Puetrs,
Elizabeth, New Jersey, iss. -
en
Wovrse Banuey, Cuurvag Propucr, &o.—Y.
many Roma are anxious ‘take
. Of the past season's 4
ments '— Who will respong on the
Points in which information is 2
ery | however, detract from its quality in the least,
house, wonld you like a picture of its inhabitants?
My wife wore a rosy, bealthfol, happy face, and my
children loved and trusted us, and each other, so
that we were all united, industrious, contented. I
always want to have a happy wife and children, if
any. Why not? I was the head of the household,
held the means in my own Power, and I considered
myself responsible for the well-being and content-
ment of eyery person and oreatare, who, through
my influence, shared my life. In all my arrange-
ments for business or pleasure, I considered my
family first, In the first place, I had taken care
to marry a kind, reasonable, sensible woman, and I
knew, well, that to consult her taste and happiness
Was to augment my own, and to neglect or forget
her, was the worst policy I conld pursue, I found
the study of the natures and needs of my wife and
children most interesting as well as profitable —
Neither did I neglect to attend faithfally to my
bnsiness, but I endeavored to do my whole duty,
and the consequence is, I am walking down to the
grave blessed with affection, respect, and am, I
trust, still a usefol citizen,
Who else will give us a picture of their homes
and lives? Quegcay,
THAT “GOOD YIELD OF WHEAT.”
Massns. Eps,:—I saw a statement in the Ruran
of August 21st, relative to a very extraordinary
crop of Mediterranean wheat, grown on the farm
of Mr, LaFayerre Paironanp, of Chili, I was
faithless, but resolyed to satisfy myself as to the
correctness of the story. Accordingly, Iwas soon
on the farm of Mr, P., and had an interview with
the gentleman himself. I had the Precantion to
arm myself with the number of the Ronan in
question. After a selfintroduction, I called his
Attention to the paragraph, asking him if the
statement was correct, or an exaggeration, His
reply was, that in the main, itwas correct; though
the amount of yield per acre, he thonght would
exceed your statement. After allowing for the
waste in harvesting and threshing, he did not
doubt a yield of over forty bushels per acre.
This is, indeed, a most abundant crop, particn-
larly when we take into consideration the unpro-
ductive variety of the wheat He informed me
that it was carefully though liberally measured as
it came from the separator, and I saw that it was
unusually clean, and of a superior quality. There
Were twenty-four large, very large loads, when ta-
ken from the field. I examined the quality of the
soil, and found it to be Principally clay, inter-
spersed with muck and grayel. It is a very level
field—rather low, I think, for a winter crop, It
had been sammer-fallowed the Previous season, and
Tthink lightly manored. There have been several
very fair cropsof this kind of wheat raised in that
vicinity. , Mr. Ricuarp-Haxnis of this town hada
fail, yet the oat crop stoad by them like a faithfal
ja rer rrr oe tiatestramite it
Corn here will be quite good, considering the
season, unless we have an unusually early frost,
which many farmers are afraid of. We haye already
had aramor of a frost south of us, but I cannot
vouch for the truth of it The potato crop would
be tolerable if it were not for the rot which threat
ens to injure it badly. Grass seed is quite a com.
mon crop among the farmers here. I believe it is
pretty good this year, but brings alow price, twelve
shillings per bushel. Grass is generally heavy, but
as we have had so much rain it has filled the
sloughs full of water 50 we cannot cut the grass
only on the margin. Hay will bring a good price |
next spring, especially if we have a hard winter,
which many prophesy from certain indications
that they think infallible,
There is not much rye sown by farmers in this
section, but the little sown has done well.
Barley is light where raised, but little sown and
that mostly in the Barrens.
The farmers here are almost universally in debt,
and they expected to pay with the incoming crops
but they are doomed to disappoinment. Many have
ron in debt to store-keepers and the merchants
tell they must pay. “We are owing,” say they,
“large debts in New York and you know these
New York folks wait neither for time nor tide—they
must be paid or we shall be rnined. If you can't
do any better you must mortgagey our farm—we
must have our pay.” Alas, too many mortgaged
their farms in prosperous times in order to buy
more land, and are now psying heavy interest for
money that lies deep in the soil. We all see the
evil, and would gladly apply the remedy, but we
all feel our own weakness in the present crisis, and
our only hope is in the Superintending Providence
who does all things well. If mankind would only
learn by experience notto place too much depend-
ence on the future probability of things, there
would be more hope in their case.
Barrington, IIL, 1858. L, M. Hotngoor.
DRESSING DEER SKINS, ONCE MORE.
In reply to your correspondent’s inguiry for the
Indian mode of dressing skins, I give him the
method, as learned me by a person that obtained it
fromthe Indians. Itis as follows:—Place the skins
ina barrel of water, with a sufficient quantity of
ashes to makeaweakley. Let them remain till the
hair will come off easily by scraping with the grain-
ing knife, then grain them with the back of a shoe,
butcher, or graining knife,— graining knife is the
best. Where shoe or other knives are used, drive
i edge of them into a round stick of sufficient
th to handle easily—use a Buckeye log’or
KER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND
FAMILY NEWSPAPER.
of acovered trench of suitable dimensions, lesying
sufficient space for the smoke to pass to the skins.
A trench twelve or fifteen feet long is best, so as to
allow the smoke to psss cool Rotten wood or
sawdast is best to smoke with,— smoke well for a
Repeat the operation of braining and smoking three
times and you will have well dressed leather. To
Prepare the brains for use, take sheep, beef or hog
ually before a fire or in a stove oven till brown —
a year or two. In using,
bag of thin muslin so they
water by rubbing.
Daessine Dees Sxivs ry On.—Grain the skins
well,—put them into s mash of sour wheat bran;
Jet them remain three or four days; take them out,
wring and let them get about half dry, then put
them in oil,—pound well, bulk them, covering from
the air till they are done heating,—wash in pearl-
ash water,—hang up and let dry and they are done,
Jony P. Lanxe,
Porry, Pike Co., Il., Ang., 1858.
place them in a small
will wash through inthe
Messrs. Eps.:—I see in the Ronan that A. T.
Norragvp, of Otego, N. ¥., wants a recipe for
dressing deer skins according to the Indian, or
smoked method. I have one I will send. Soak
the skin in cold or warm water until the hair will
sorape off, then scrape the hair, and grain, wash in
cold water until it is clean — stretch the skin and
hang it up and smoke it for one day,—take the
their fields then left it laying in the gavel—othera | #108 of a deer or hog, or any kind of brains, and | clade,
mix them in warm water; soak the skin in the
liquor half a day—if a heavy skin all day. If you
have not brains, strong sosp suds will do. Rub
the skin a considerable time inthe liquor. Stretch
the skin and rub it until it is dry and soft, then
make a bag of it, diga hole in the ground and make
asmoke therein. Place the bag over the hole—
turn so as to smoke both sides alike, The longer
you smoke the skin the darker it will be. Corn
cobs are good to make the smoke with.
Port Huron, Mich., 1858. C. H. Cuvrca.
CONDENSED CORRESPONDENCE.
A Remepy rox Heaves.—S. Havr, of Auburn,
N. Y., says that the following prescription is asure
cure for the heaves:—One half ounce each of
aloes, asafoetida, flour of lavender, fenyeck, rose-
water, salt petre, sarsaparille, spirits of nitre, anise
seed, camphor gum, and three-fourths of an ounce
Spanish flies, all put into a jug containg one quart
ofalcohol. The quantity to be given is one tea-
spoonful every other morning—give nine timer.
Garouine O11 snp Soar Linnrent.—8. AS,
of Cayuga Co., an English Veterinarian, says that
a gargling oil made of equal parts of Soap Lini-
ment, Oil of Spike and Tincture of Aloes, is supe-
rior to anything else for rheumatism, bruises,
chilblains and burns in the human subject, and
for sweeney, inflammation, sprains and swellings
in horses or cattle. He arrives at this conclusion
after sixty years experience,
Soar Linmrent is made thus:— Alcohol 1 pint;
clarified soap 3 ozs,; aqua ammonia 4 vzs.; oil of
campier ;Droof spirits 2 Ibs; tincture of
as alcohol will dissolye—spirits of rosemary |
pint, Mix, cork tight, and Place in a warm room
for seven days before using,
Propucr oF A Stak oF Miiiet.—Seeing noth-
ing on the subject of the raising of millet, and
fearing from that fact that there was not due atten-
tion paid to its cultivation, I thought that I would
give the product of one plant which grew in my
garden, and which received no extra culture, The
plant was five feet and nine inches high, with e
head eleven inches long, containing three thousand
six hundred and ninety-eight good, well-filled
seeds, besides many which were not filled. The
failure of a portion of the seed filling was owing
to the fact that the stalk was taken up while green
and set in a shop with a small handful of earth
round the roots, to ripen. This may look like a
large story, but it is nevertheless trae, by actual
count—A Sunsoniper, Geneva, N. ¥,, 1858,
See rd
ids
Cizarinc Oxp Fisips anp Pastore Lanna.
Our way of exterminating sprouts from old fiel
and pasture lands, or where fences haye stood for
a long period, is as follows:—Remoye the fences,
cut the brush, briers, or whatever it may be, letthem
liea short time, and burn them off To make an
end of them, take one or two yoke of oxen, as the
Case may require, put them to the plow, and lay
the land over in the fall, turning under all of the
roots if possible. Let it remain in this condition
tillspring; don’t put on aspring crop, but harrow
and plow, as you would for summer fallow, and sow
to wheat, or rye if most suitable. This is our ex-
perience, and we speak whereof weknow. Where
oak, hickory, hazel, witch hazel, ‘or bar-berry
abounds, our theory, if carried ont, will use them
up.—J, W, KrRKENDALL, Painted Post, N. Y.
INQUIRIES AND ANSWERS.
Cement Preg.—Will some of your readers give
their experience in leading water throngh cement
pipe? What proportions of lime, sand, &c., what
the cost per rod, &c.?—G, Graves, Newport, N. ¥.,
Aug. 19, 1858.
For A Nawe.—I herewith send you part of a
head of something,—yon will please tell what it is,
as I never saw the like before. My brother-in-law
sent it to me from Indiana; he said he had recety-
ed some Italian wheat, which he sowed, and found
this amongst it He says the head grows from six
to twelve inches long; the stalk also forks often,
which will make it a great yielder.—Consrant
Reape, Benton Ridge, Aug., 1858.
some soft wood to grainon. When done hang the
skins up and let them cry till they are hard and
flinty, then soak in brain water with alittle soft soap
fine yield of twenty-eight bushels per acre, the Past
season, of this same variety; though there is
slight mixture of the Blue Stem in it It does
is decidedly an advantage as that variety
failer and plumper berry.
As these grades of wheat are the most hardy,
and the least Liable to the attack of the weevil or
has a
they become well softened, wring dry by folding
the ends of the skin together around some solid
that may remain in the folds while wringing. Af
ter wringing, pull the wrinkles out by stretching
With the hands—place your skins (hung loose) in
an old barrel or dry goods box over the extremity
dram de of, and whether there
eee ae aoa tio skin of which is made | attention of breeders and others wishing to procure
not, | Post, take a stick and run through the other end to| into parchment? By 50 doing, you will greatly | fine stock. Our advertising department also con-
but | wring with, and wipe off any water with a cloth | oblige a subscriber—*, Shelby, Orleans Co.,
pean epecies,
Pancumznt.—I wish to inquire through your
added. Haye the watcrabont blood warm. After | Valuable paper, if you or any of your numerous
subscribers, can inform me how to tan parchment,
Rewanx:.—The specimen enclosed was a head | W1tt4¥8, President of the Michigan State Agri-
he Couch or Quack Grass, lied Euro-| Cltaral College, has accepted an invitation to
caer ae 5! deliver the Annual Address atthe New York State
Fair. Anappropriate an admirable selection.
this number by Mr. Caarman, is worthy the special
1858. | tains many other announcements of interest to
Remangs—Parchment is made of sheep and goat | Agriculturists, Horticultarista and others
skins Assome of our readers areso well posted
on the Indian process of tanning, they can no
doubt give the process of making parchment Pair, see notice on advertising page.
Baral Miscellany,
Go ro THE Faras!
Now that the season has
Town, District, County and
State Agricultural Fairs, we would
friend and promoter of improvement in at
tare, Horticultare, Manufactures, Arts, &o, to
ite some product of bis or her
to augment the varietyand {p-
rest exhibition, at least, and
many others as can be consistently attended. We
regard the Town and County Fairs as the most
usefal and important, and wortby of the first atten-
tion but the State exhibitions should not be neg-
lected by those who can conveniently attend as
competitors, or even aa spectators only, for much
can be seen and learned that will prove beneficial
to practical and progressive men, All our Fairs
should be more largely attended, not only by those
who exhibit, but by people who need recreation
and entertainment, as well as instructlon. Our
People have too few Holidays “All work and no
play” ia not best for either health or prosperity,
and we therefore favor the idea of combining inno-
cent amusement with the usefal and instructive
features of our shows, thus rendering them em-
phatically Rural Holidays—days of celebration and
rejoicing as well as of exhibits of the best products
of the skill and industry of the people. The Prac-
tical and Usefal should have the preference, but the
attractive and even amusing may properly be in-
d in every programme.
Tas Porato Cror in Irmpaxn.—The potato
crop in Ireland promiseswell. A letter from Dub-
lin, dated Aug. 18th, says:—" According to the
competent authority of the Banner of Ulster, the
breadth of land under potatoes this year in the
northern counties will be found, perhaps, to ex-
ceed 1,250,000 acres. Last season’s orop turned
out well, ample in yield, and, as a general rule, ex-
cellent in quality. Prices kept up toa high fig-
ure, and the export trade in that article of pro-
duce formed a most extensive branch of cross
channel commerce. This season's crop of the
early varieties is very superior, We are now only
in the second week of August, and yet the prices
for excellent potatoes in the Belfast market are un-
der those which ata similar period of the season
ruled the markets before the advent of the potato
disease. Some solitary cases of the old disease
are to be seen in a few fields in the country; those
instances, however, are so trifilog as not to be
worth any sericus notice, The sale of superior
qualities at 4d. a stone will give some idea of the
healtby and prolific state of the crop.”
‘Wasat Growina 1n NepraskA.—The last nom-
ber of the Nebraska News has an interesting item
on the yield and best time for sowing winter wheat
in that climate. As to the time of sowing, it says:
“The testimony of those who were the most suc-
cessful this seagon is, that the proper time is about
the fifteenth of September—not later than the
twentieth. Mr. T. P, Hall, who lives on the Cotton-
wood, raised a fine field of fall wheat this season
which Wis uvy vuMuupuE Ky sw KUOW Ys FivOy BLU
e sowed in the middle of September. He
also had anothor field which he sowed about ten
days later, which gave a much poorer yield than
the first, did not matore so well, and was more af-
fected by the frost and rust. Mr, Grimsley, living
on Allen oreek, raised about forty acres of excel-
lent fall wheat this season, which was sown the
middle of September. Both these gentlemen will
sow largely this fall, and not later than the fifteenth.
From indications we should judge that there would
bea much larger number of acres of wheat sown
this fall than last.”
industry and skill
Tue State Farr.—We understand that prepara-
tions are actively going on at Syracuse for the
State Fair, to be held in that city Oct, 5th to 8th,
inclusive, The buildings, fences, &c., are negrly
completed, and are said to be superior to those
heretofore used. It is also stated that the applica-
tions for exhibition are more numerous than ever
before at so earlyaday. All which we trust will
be fally verified, and that the forthcoming Fair
willbe creditable to the Society and wortby of the
Empire State. The location is very favorable for
a large attendance and exhibition of the people
and products of the State,
——
Tue AGRICULTURAL Epirors propose to assem-
ble in Convention during the meeting of the
American Pomological Society, to be held in New
York next week. Regret that the holding of Mon-
roe Co, Fair at same time will preclude us from
attending. The Rogan will, however, be repre-
sented by our Horticultural Editor, who attends
the Pomological Meeting as a delegate from the
State Ag. Society.
Porto Ror my Ruopx Isuanp.—The Providence
Jonrnal says the rot is making ead havoc among
the potato tields in Bristol county, Masa, and in
Bristol county, R. I. Some of the farmers {n the
towns of Bristol, Warren and Barrington, will not
average half a crop, while not a few will scarcely
gaye enough, of some kinds, for seed for another
year.
Avyoruez Union Ag. Socrery.— At @ meeting
of citizens of the towns of Sweden, Clarkson and
Union, held at Brockport on the 4th inst,, prelimi-
nary arrangements were made for the formation of
a Union Agricultural Society. The meeting ad-
journed to the 15th, when the organization is to be
completed. Success to the new Union Society!
ApprEss 4T THE State Fare —It affords us
great pleasure to announce that Hon. JoseraR.
Tae Pablic Sale of Short-horns, advertised in
Mongoz Cousry Fare—For Programme of this
Orchard and Garden.
GOOD CULTURE
Ir is often remarked by writers on agricultare
and horticaltare, that s certain tree or plant re-
quires good culture, or when giving the product of
a field or tree, to state these received, or did not
receive, good coltare. It has been said lately, by
those who have written on the culture of dwarf
pears, that we cannot hope to succeed without geod
culture. This is rather indefinite, and a good
many readers are troubled to know just what they
must do to come up to this mark. We shall not
attempt to decide this matter, but will simply give
a few remarks, that will answer one or two ques-
tions asked by correspondents. Trees and plants
require different treatment, and what would be
good treatment for one, would be very improper
for othera As ao general rule, however, we
consider good culture for dwarf trees, and in-
deed, all newly planted trees, to be jast about
such treatment as any good farmer would give his
corn, if he intended to raise a first rate crop. Land
rich enongh and dry enough to raise corn well, is
suited, as a general thing, to the growing of young
trees of most kinds, and the same cultare that will
insure a premiom crop of corn, will insure the
health and rapid growth of all young trees. This
is all the good culture that young trees require, and
noone should think of making them get along
with lesa,
THE EDITOR OF THE HORTICOLTURIST.
Iw the September number of the Horticulturist,
the very fanny editor, Joun Jay Surrau, gives an-
other page on the curious prodaction mentioned
by 8 correspondent of the Romar, about a year
ago, and to which thatjournal bas before devoted
some space. Wo suppose the article was intended
for wit, but of this we sre not certain, nor have
we found any one who could give a very confident
guess on this point So, to give our readers a
chance to exercise thoir ingenuity, we copy a few
sentences, asa kind of riddle, to be guessed ont,
—a specimen of the whole page, and of the aca-
men of this exceedingly amart editor,
Have you any {dea of the hardness of the sbell of the
hybrid? Could you crack it with your teeth, like a soft
#hellod almond? Is it likely to be much in vogue “for
ot purposes?” How does it taste with your roasted
go Would the branches be better than birch for the
Mttle boya who don't ‘promise well?" or could they be
turned to advantage to smoke?
We are not willing snch o desperate attempt at
wit, or something (?) should be confined to the few
readers of the ‘Horticulturist, 80 wo give the
choicest specimens the benefit of our extended
circulation. By the by, the editor has been trayel-
ing. in pursuit of knowledge, we suppose, and visit-
ed Niagara Falla. Speaking of the high water of
the lakes, he says, in the leader in the September
number:
Tho Rapids of Niagars, the Fall, the Whirlpoo!, and
Nie wettest eee oem ee oeepettey wT OXDIDIE
oo vowonted volume
Sttemeltiont iu tines: Suncee eeaes
former continuity of surface of the American Fall, tam-
bled into the abyas below with thandering noise the first
night of our arrival
Tt was to be expected that some great convol-
sion of nature would take place on the “first night
of our arrival,” of course, but whoever heard of
the “Rapids of Nisgara, the Fall, the Whirlpool,
and the entire St. Lawrence” being a0 closely con-
nected before. We recommend our editorial
brother to the Soolety for the Promotion of Use-
fol Knowledge. Won't somebody give him a Pri-
mary Geography, so that he may learn more about
the Falla and the St. Lawrence river, and a Testa-
ment, where he can read about “motes and
* beams?”
Insects ON THE OLbANDER. —I have a large,
thrify Oleander, but nearly all of the leaves and
parts of the trank and branches are covered with
an excresence, like the sample I send you in this
note. What is the cause, and what can I do to
remove them, and prevent theirformation? I fear
they will injure the plant If you can give me
any information on the subject, you will confer a
favor on o snbsoriber—Mae, M. ©. Van Dusen,
Oak Orchard, N. ¥., 1858.
Remarcs.—iVhat you call an excresence, cever-
ing the leaves and branches of your Oleander, is
an insect called the Scale Insect ( Coccus, Testubo,)
or Turtle Scale. The large brown scales, which
adhere to the specimen leaf sent, are fomale in-
soots; the male insects are much smaller and far-
nished with wings, and do not attach themselves to
the leaf like the females, and are so small that it
requires a good o magnifier to distinguish them,
as they move about quite rapidly, and when seen
appear like small gnats. The fomale, when about
hatebing its eggs, is covered with a fine white
wool, resembling spots of the finest cotton woo).
tively smooth and clean. :
Scorn Ar:
‘This inseot is very injurious to many kinds of
green-house plants, and shonld be eradicated as
soon as its presence is detected. The best way to
destroy them is to take a bard brosh and dip it in
Soft soap and water, and brosh the leaves and
branches thoroughly. This will displace the in-
sect and the leaves and branches will be compara-
TLEX—Pormit me to Inquire through | 8 little butter in the
your valaable paper what kinds of summer and | some Finochio already’
fall apples you would plant in ap orchard for mar-| salt and pepper it Ii
ket that would fll up the apace between the Sweet | ed Parmesan chees
THE PINOCHIO,
We introduce to the attention of our readers a| import some of the seed. The seedsmen of this| have been killed. While this is the case with
vegetable used on the Continent of Earope, and
sald to be a very good substitute for Celery. In-
deed, those who are accustomed to it inform us
that after a little use it is preferred by almost all.
We presume it will grow well in this climate, end
we shall make an effort to procure seed and teat it
next season, The following description is from
the London Gardeners’ Chronicle:
“Tn old books on gardening we occasionally find
directions for the cultivation of yegetables that arc
either little known or discarded altogether from
our kitchen gardens of the present day. Among
these may be mentioned the dwarf variety of Fen-
nel, called Fenouil d'Italie by the French, and
Finochio by the Italians, of which we lately had an
opportunity of seeing some beautiful specimens
that were sent for examination to the Horticultural
Society by M. Lupoyico Sawonrny, 95 Eccleston
Square, who has the merit of practically showing
us that this salad plant may be as succeesfally oul-
tivated here as in Italy,
The importance of Finochio in some parts of
Enrope may be gathered from the fact that at Na-
ples and throughout the Roman States, and even
towards Venice, it is so generally used that one
cannot go a step without seeing it, — indeed, no
middle class table {s without it from January till
June. Daring that time it would appear to oconpy
the same place among Italian vegetables that Ce}:
tor months, and in order to supply the great demand
there is for it, a larger extent of ground is occupied
by this plant alone than by almost any other crop.
Finochio, however, must on no account be con-
founded with Sweet Fennel, often called Italian
Fennel, which is little different from the common
sort.
According to Pautr MILLER, Finochio is sup-
posed to have been originally brought from the
‘Azorean Islands, and in his time was only to be
found in a few English gardens, owing partly to
the difficulty of saving its seed, or of obtaining
good seed from Italy. Although known by name
to some of onr English gardeners, we question
whether one in a handred has ever seen it cultiva-
ted, or could tell us what it is like, excepting, per-
haps, that it was a plant resembling Fennel It ia,
ver, very distinct from the common Fennel,
m exeeeding 18 inches in height, and charac-
terized by a remarkable property in the leaf stalks
to become, as it were, gouty close to the root and
swell to a considerable thickness) By means of
earthing up and blanching this thickened part an
esculent is obtained which measures, on an aver-
age, 4 or 5 inches in breadth, and about 2 inches in
thickness, and when fully matured is found to be
perfectly white, fleshy and tender.
The mode of treatment recommended for Fino-
chio in order to keep up & succession is to sow a
small portion of seed once & month from March to
July, in rows a footor 16 inches apart. Itis neces
to ran to flower and the stalks become thready ar
hard. Water must be given occasionally, and@@
plants thinned fn the rows so as to stand fF 9
inches from one another, As soon as +¢ leaf
stalks begin to swell they must be earthe SP and
remain until fit for use.
On the Continent the stems are ¢@2 raw in
slices like young Artichokes, and pAerally with
out seasoning, but to have Finochio* Perfection it
is recommended to be dressed as °!d salad with
oil, vinegar and pepper, and thy according to M,
Baaonrst, it {3 “most delicie’ ™ Maly it ts
much in request for garniaYS fy fowl, or
Joints, in white sauce with w#ron!, for which par-
‘pose it is boiled first, in or® 80 Prepare it for the
got dressing it is to put
macaroni Another mot ma Malatiwipen iiien
0
vee and cut up in slicea,
sen sprinkle with grat-
mall pieces of butter
iy fall.
sary to have several sowings, as the plants are apt We would plant shrubs
country, we are sorry to say, are far behind the
nurserymen in this kind of enterprise.
WHAT SHALL WE DO Wita ovR CAULIFLOWER?
flower? I have read that they would head very
well in the cellar, or under ashed, but how? cer-
tainly not by pulling them up and merely laying
them under the shed, orin the cellar. Or, must
we build a shelter over them as they stand, or
put soil in the cellar in which to insert the roots?
—Mas. E. M. C.
Remarxs.— Cauliflower, particularly the late
kinds, will form the head or flower much better
during the coo], damp weather of autumn than in
the heat of summer, If the fall should be dry,
water your plants as often as you see the leaves
drooping, and most of them may form heads du-
ring this andthe next month. Before frost pull
all that have not made heads and stand them erect
on the cellar bottom, covering the roots with a
little earth, or sand. Insuch a situation we haye
known heads to form quite freely. The only ya-
rloty of caulidower Daan ry Otte te.thip
Paris. The first seed of that varlety that came to
this country was sent us by L. Virion, of Paris,
and it succeeded so well that we have imported it
almost every season since. Nine out of every ten
plants will form good heads with the same care
given tocabbage. We distributed this seed among
the vegetable gardeners here, and induced some
of our seedsmen toimportit, The result is that
now our market is well sipplied with this delicio
vegetable, while a few jears ago a decent cauli-
flower could not be obtaned for its weight {n gold.
Bust Tre For Puantna, &o.—If not too much
tronble, please answer tie following questions:—
What is the best time fr setting ont fruit trees,
apple, peach and pear? What would be a good
selection for apples, 6 vaieties; peach, 3 varieties;
pear, 2 varieties? Whats the best time for setting
evergreens and shrabbey? Give a ecelection of
eight trees of the most birdy varieties suitable for
alawn?—J. R. L., Hickov, Pa, 1858,
Remanca—We like falplanting best in this sec-
tion. In colder localitié where trees cometimes
are injared in the wintr, we would prefer the
spring, and if trees wereobtained in the fall they
should be “heeled in.” J would be pretty difficult
for us to decide what valeties to select were we
confined to so few. Wican give a number of
excalentsorts. Apples—Early Harvest, Early Joe,
Fe! Pippin, Rhode IelanéGreening, Spitzenburgh.
eaches—Early York, Crivford’s Barly, Crawford's
uate, Pears— Bartlett, vonise Bonne de Jersey.
h the fall where the cli-
mate was favorable, but wergreens in the spring.
The trees suitable for a kwn would depend upon
similar small trees, and fe taller growing shrubs
should be selected. For yrounds of more extent
Sogar Maple, American Bnden, Tulip Tree, Mag-
nolia Acuminata, &c., ma} be planted. A few of
trees should have a place h overy lawn.
the conntry, the “Black Enot,” or “Plum Wart,
ing questions, it will be th: means of doinga great
these:—Ist. What isthe cmse of Knot? 2d. What
isthepreventive? 3d. Wiatare the cures or reme-
OREGON-SOIL AND PRODUCTIONS,
.
Epa Rezat:—The soil of Oregon embraces as a omtestic Economy,
Satidenecttaees poms ig SEE ——
some jong and e
following up small water coarses to where there 70 Taq
has been a lake in former centuries the soflisof| Tuaxxrcz for the fayors received through the
a dark, vegetable make, resembling very much the Domestic Column of the Rust, Iam willing to con-
bottom lands of the Connecticut. The prairies | tribute my mite for the benefit of othera First,
which are by far the largest part of (he Willmsette | ' reply to “Await,” I make good and light
River Valley, are of @ black loamy nature, some-| damplings just as I would cream bisonit, that is,
times the clay predominating, and at other times | take, from the cream Jar, one pint good cream;
the larger part being végetable mould. Another | tea*poon sak anda teaspoon saleratas; mix quick,
large part of this valley, embracing the slopes of | divide in elght or ten equal parts, roll out and
the mountains and nearly all the hilly portion, is | fold in your frait—if apples, the quarters of one
@ reddish clay. All of these different soils are| apple in each part Now as to cooking them.
good for wheat, oats, coro, potatoes, carrots | They should be steamed or baked in order to be
tarnips, cabbage, beans, peas, and every other | digestible. If boiled, tie each one separately in
variety of grain and vegetable thatis grown in the|a clotb, tightly, allowing plenty of room for
United States It has been supposed that Indian | swelling.
corn and broom corn would not grow well here | I will tell yon a nice way to starch linen Dis-
This, however, is given up. Thorough, deep oul-| solve two ounces refined gum arabic in one pint
tare, will bring large and remunerative crops of | boiling water, when it has settled pour off ina
corp, a8 good as can be raised in any but the very | bottle. Whon you make starch, put ono table-
best corn growing States, Ihave seen bushels of | spoonfal of this to a pint of starch, then pass
corn in the cribs of our farmers of as Jong, large | anickly, two or three times through, a clean sperm
and thrifty looking ears, as I ever saw in the State | candle end, while the starch is hot.
of New York. Broom corn will grow well, but it} Mss Nick —The following preparation is the
ts not as good as that raised in the Mohawk and | best I have ever seen tried for salting cucumbers,
Connecticut Valleys. The brush is often shorter, | seen tomatees, &c. The salt may be soaked out
and of a much coarser texture. when wanted for use in two days, if kept in warm
Frurrs—Aliost all kinds of fruit which can be | Water, and I have had them keep wellin this brine
raised in the Genesee Valley, grow here with great | ‘W° years. For one barrel pickles, dissolve 20 ha
rapidity, and we have thought that the trees would | *#!t in cold water; ¢ I. saltpetre, 2 ozs alam, in
be leas likely to be killed by frosts, but the last | Polling water, put them together, with sufiotent
year has been very fatal to various kinds of frait, | WAter to cover them. “Er
Many kinds of apples, pedrs, plums, and cherries Ealmre, N.Y 068:
a
ELDERBERRY WINE,—INQUIRY.
many trees—orchards on flat, watery ground,
suffering severely—others haye not suffered, and I
think I can safely say, judging froma
the East, that we have had less trial i
eve that cherries will | and skim {t, then strain it in clean stone jars—
fats J, spread yeast on both sides, and
ay abou
being on the wild, bitter cherry of this coast, aa in PE pet
In answer to those that have written, asking in-| or three days. When it has done fermenting, put
formation, I would say that our nureeriesembrace | it in a keg—put ginger and cloves in a bag and
all the kinds of apples, pears, plums, cherries, | sink in the wine—remove the bags in four or five
peaches, apricots, nectarines, currants, goose-| weeks, To nine gallons of liquor, T pnt one ten-
berries, raspberries, strawberries, and blackberries, | cup of ginger and one of cloves, In January,
that have been proved by our eastern nurserymen | bottle it up and keep in a dry cool place—do not
long enough to become of established good repu-| fill the bottles fall, as they are apt to burst. It fs
tation. No one coming to this country, need | not really nice ontil mid-sommer, T made aquan-
bring with him scions of any of the standard | tity Inst August and it isnow splendid. Iconsider
varieties.of Downina, Banry, or Toomag They | the medicinal properties it contains vory excellent.
are allhere. Our enterprising nurserymen bhaye Can apy of the lady readers of the Ruma tell
spared no reasonable pains to procure all, by way | me how to preserve lemons, fresh and nice, through
of variety in fruit, that we could ask for. Even| the winter. I have kept thom in dry sand, also
the taste of an epicure conld be gratified, if such | wrapped them separately in papers, but they would
a thing is possible. Ithink I can safely say that | become dry and hard, or else mould. M.
the people of Oregon, as a body, know more about | Oak Orchard, N..X.» 1868+. = —
Union. They have studied the character, habite, HOW TO MAKE PICKLES,
and wants of a froit orchard, so that the work of
production is done quicker and better than in| Messrs. Fna:—Mra Nick asks through the col
any of the States. Sometimes you will find four | "™# Of the Rurat for a recipe for making picklea
or five of the standard fruit books on a farmer's | 4%!d¢ to you, Messrs. Editors, do you think “Old
table, and they are not useless appendages, bat Nick” has a wife? If so, is it possible she may be
the same? If you think so, please don’t let her
well read, bearing the marks of haying been
searched through and through. Tella man you know what I write, I would not like to gratify her,
For the rest of your readers, think I haye one that
will give him eight or ten dollars per bushel for
all apples he can raige, and you place before him will suit the most fastidious, Have some made
after it now as good as when made last summer,
the strongest stimulus to energy and perseverance
Take ripe cucumbers, pare them—cut length-
in pushing forward his orchard in the shortest
possible time, This has been the price for the | ¥!#e—scrape ont the inside, and put them in woak
brine, three or four days. To two quarts vinegar,
five years I haye been in Oregon. I do not, there-
fore, boast of any superior capacity for the People, Put four pounds of sugar; one grated notmeg;.p
small bunch cinnamon, and a few cloves, Preas
when I say what I have of their knowledge of frnit-
growing, The farmers of any State would have the brine out of them—rinse in cold water, and
boil in the vinegar and spices until tender and
grow well, i
stooks
searched for, and obtained a like knowledge and
success, with the same inducements,
The question has been asked me, what part of
Oregon is best adapted to fruit growing? Tothis
I answer,—every part, north and sonth, hill and
valley, on prairie land and timber, wherever there
ia dry land, and soil enough for the roots, the trees
will grow, if you will cultivate the land and give
the trees a proper chance, Four years ago this
last spring, I set out asmall orchard of yearling
trees before the ground had been plowed at all;
now some of the trees measure sixteen feet thro’
need waitasingle year before he starts his or
may be had at $25 per hundred,
innaomerable springs gushing ont of our hills and
mountains, end wells of pure soft water may be
the weeping trees and mgnolias and evergreen found at almost every man’s door, I have never | in the Ronmat for destroying ante, I would aay that
seen & marsby piece of land in this whole country, | @ strong solution of chloride of lime, sprinkled
That terrible mfssmatic generator of Michigan | about the places where they frequent, we have
Buack Kor on Prom Trexs.—In this section of | and other Western States, which makes go many | found an effectual remedy for both the red and
pale faces for the new settlers, has not yet crossed | black ant Asan experiment, I sprinkled some of
is destroying our plam tres, and if, through your | the Rocky mountains. Our diseases are mostly of | this solution on an ant hill, long inhabited by
widely circulated paper, ym will answer the follow- | the New England stamp, thongh the country {| black ants, and in a few days I found that the
whole colony bad left for parts unknown—Exizn,
deal of good. The quegions in reference are | will be, when it becomes older. Ihave thus en-| Sweden, W. ¥., 1868. -
not yet as consumptive. Some, howeyer, think it
deavored to answer every inquiry which has teen
made of me by letter. If anything further is de-
the top from tip to tip of limbs. No one coming | ontil it has become perfectly clear,
to Oregon to engage in the fruit-growing business | the liquid shonld then be poured off
of soft rag, wet with the lotion, wrapped round
chard. Ifhe arrives in the fall, he may purchase | the diseased part—thia should not be peaierid. bot
his land in most of the farming districts, for abont kept constantly wet by laying on other cloths satu-
five dollars per acre, put in the plow at once, and | rated with the mixture, If the very beat ‘bra:
its size. For a lawn of stall extent the Mountain | before spring comes bave it fenced and bis orchard | cannot be procured, alcohol will be a good mibsti-
Ash, the family of Thorn the White Fringe, and| growing. Any quantity of good healthy treos| tate. It fs, with confidence, recommended for in-
Sammation only. It may at first appear to irritate,
This whole country is very healthy, and the| bot should be persevered In—A Moruxn, Stafford,
the American Elm, the Hirse Chestnat, Silver and | people generally look fresh and robust, We haye| N. ¥,, 1858.
transparent. Lay them carefully in a jar or earth-
en dish and poor the vinegar over them— keep
closely covered, and J think you will have as good
pickles as you can desire. Evoxnra.
Windsor, N. ¥., 1858,
“Baanpy axp Saut” vor INeLaMMation.—In
reply to to“ A Subscriber,” I would say, (as tho
case appears to require eternal application oply,)
put into the best French brandy, rather more salt
than {t will dissolve, so that after being well shaken
alittle may remain at the bottom. Let {t stand
A portion of
and a piece
indy
To Drsraoy Anra—Having noticed an inquiry
Tomato Carsur.—Take } bushel tomatoes, scald
Bough and Early Harvest and Fall Pippin? 1| until the stew-
wonld a peer “ae oF your correspondents| Whether Fing,
con 8 8q) nown 8s the Low Dutch| in this COUN its taste is too much like
‘Squash, — size and shape about like the cocoanut; | answer. pleasant Oar object in sndag tat
color dark-green, stripedwith yellow. Ihayeseen| Anise Sremarks fs chiefly for the Purpose of re-
enormous crops of these squashes raised for cattle | preeg the fact that Finochio is capable of being
when a boy, but since commencing basiness for| oon in without:
Thave been unable to procare the seed — Pit fon pel eves mapa re out the knot, washes the weand with strong brine, | I now find that it is superior to any rhubarb that I Rochester, N. ¥., 1858,
EB D. J, Wialworth, Aug., 1858. ‘ S008 seed from the Continent (the seed saved jn | Y>/°h arrests it in most cares, ever tried. The leaves are three feet across when
Rewanxs—Pollowing the Early Harvest is, this country being apt to degenerate) may hope to
Early Joe, an excellent apple, and good Noo! se Finockio attain a degree of excellence under =
the Red Astracam, § beantifel frait, bat »5.The English treatment far surpassing wit it bas ever
he
As
tety. We than Engleng,
this vegetable?
dies?—T, T, 8, Dansville div. Co, N. ¥., 1858.
Remanxs.—l, The causéis not known. 2. Pre-| through the Ruzan.
yentive the same, 3, Cataway the limb as so Salem, Oregon Territory, 1868.
83 evidence of the wart isseen. If it appears on
large limba, the Enot may be cut away without
destroying the limb, A friend who has been quite | obtalned a root
Snecessfal in combating this disease, after cutting | Rhubarb,” which
sired, I will be happy to inform your readera| them and pres them through a common seive—
0. Dickixgox, | boll down one-half, then add 2 tablespoons ealt; 1
of black pepper; 1 spoonful of Cayenne pepper; 4
do, of cloves; 4 cinnamon; and 4 of mace, Mix
Vicronta Ravpane—A year ago this spring, 1| welland add 1 teacupfal of vinegar, Bottle, seal
rhubarb, called the “ Victoria | and st in a cool place. Preserved in this wy
lanted in my garden, and | they retain their natural flayor—Pyrm. A. Post,
*
wll ever be worth cultivating
(Uetion we will not ventare to
season, and then gone, and like the meteor, leaving
no trace, save in the half-dezzied memory? Love—
art thou not also like the dewdrop, for thouart not
Written for Moores Raral New-Torker | alone of earth, and he who in this world loveth
&
me receive even ag
SHE. moch, shall in the world to co! 3
"Twas thos, one holy hour of even, ee 1858. ©
I roamed the bill, the vale pursa’d, aad
the softest winds of heaven
Pieper Maer BE AUC tix Sovrrets west.
‘Where one low cot peeped from the trees,
‘And birdlings sang their notes of bilas,
I woke to joy in scenes like th
To rapture (on a woman's kiss.
One lovely cot, and there a fics
Form'd to ensnare, enchant, enehain,
A witching form whose fairy grace
Sped lightning currents thro’ my brals,
‘The pouting lips lit by a smile,
Whose beauty it were woe to miss;
The heart that held no thought of guile
Pare as incarnate virtue ie.
Alone, with nature's glorious throng
Of leaves, and trees, and birds, and Sowers,
Sux breath'’d where forests make their song,
And sipped the sunshine of the hours,
A wild and wayward, careless boy,
I was » man by love's sweet test,
And plucked and ever wore the joy,
A diadem upon my breast.
‘Writes for Moore's Rural New-Yorker
HAVE YOU A HOME?
Hous! How do you interpret the word? It is
plain English—you have heard jt all your life.
Home! How doesitsound? What does it mean?
Is the place where you eat, and drink, and sleep,
your home? Is it the space enclosed within walls
of wood, or brick, or stone? Is it the land within
your fences? Isit——? Whereisit? Whatisit?
Home! Beantifal, but oft misinterpreted word.
One may have food, and shelter, and raiment, and
yet have no home—for no earthly outward seem-
ing, has power to make apy one spot more dear
than another.
Home is not always amid pomp, or within pala-
ces. Itmay bein the secluded valley, and within
@ narrow hedge, or anywhere, if the hearts who
live and beat there are fall of love and kindness,
Home is where angry words and contentions,
jars and misundertandings are banished—where
cruel, unkind words, cannot enter, to pierce and
break the heart, or drive sleep from the pillow—
where all is concord, unity, oneness of purpose,
Home, in short, is not alone in things, but its trae
meaning is a heart we can lean upon and trast with
unlimited confidence. Homeis not any one thing,
but a combination of excellencies,
Reader, if you have a place you call your own—
no matter how humble if it is clean and adorned
with the comforts of life—and the hearts there
welcome your footsteps with joy, to whom your
presence is a delight, your voice musio, then you
haye indeed a home, and your happiness is but
little less than that enjoyed by angela. Harris,
And time has yearly left a leaf
Upon the brow of me and mine,
Till whiten'd as the harvest sheaf,
We calmly wait the final chime,
For she has gilded all my day,
As years laid snow upon my brow;—
Her amile has been the blissful ray
To make my heart as calm as now.
Watertown, N. ¥., 1858.
LMB,
Written for Moore's Roral New-Yorker.
EVENING THOUGHTS,
Nigur comes on again, and silence, and deep
thoughts and sacred memories, Now are here the
treasured images of the past, which fly from the
jostling crowd of cares and busy life's employ-
ment, ond returning with the evening shadows, flit
® moment round in forms so lovely and so real,
that we forget they are bat shadows with the rest;
and, as the heart, delighted, seeks to retain the
charm, @ train of thought rises within, and they
are gone, For while the chill and darkness of
night prevail over the broad domatn of day—from
the point where the new light first beamed in rosy
beauty, to that where its latest gleam expired—we
remember in fear the clonds which may darken
life’s morning, the changes which may obscure its
meridian effulgence, and that night of death which
must at last eo surely ses), in long eclipse, the
springing hopes and ever-forming schemes of man.
Tt Is silence all; yet a voice holds eloquent con-
verse with the spirit. The winds seem hushed to
listen and the stars, in their high spheres, to sparkle
with a new consciousness of a glorious presence
as if He who “walked in the garden in the cool of
the day,” now again more manifestly reveals Him-
self, scattering from the fair earth and sky, the
pollutions which day has gathered, and imparting
how and tenderest tokens of His love a Father's
love! Humility then may bow the spirit down and
tears suffuse the eye; but not in grief Like the
dews of evening they but testify that His purify-
ing breath has passed, and called them forth; for
in the secret chambers of the soul there is a song
of gladness waking, and a softly breathed petition
still repeated —" Thy will be done,”
Then, thanks for the night, its silence filled with
spirit melodies—for its deep thonghts, which warn
us of uncertain joys, and chasten the too presum-
ing plans of life by remembrance of a certain
death! Thanks, too, for those welcome visitants
which come when the fall tide of business and ex-
citement has subsided, briefly to restore the past,
and brighten the beautifal links which hold us to
each other; but, more than all, thanks for the
grace which, in the contemplation of earth's
changes, and clouds of gathering darkness, brings
submission and assurance from on bigh!
New York, 1868.
DESCRIPTION OF A FLIRT,
Your true flirt has a coarse-grained soul; well
modulated and well tutored, but there is no fine-
ness init, Allits native fineness ia made coarse,
by coarse efforts of the will. True feeling is a
rustic vulgarity the flirt doea not tolerate; she
counts its healthiest and most honest manifestation
all sentiment. Yet she will play you off a pretty
string of sentiment, which she has gathered from
the poets; she adjusts it prettily as a Ghobelin
weaver adjnsts the color in his ¢apis, She shades
it off delightfully; there are no bold contrasts, but
8 most artistic mellow of nuances.
She smiles like a wizard, and jingles it with a
langh, such as tolled the poor home-bound Ulysses
to the Circean bower. She has a cast of the head,
apt and artfal as the most dexterous cast of the
best trout-killingrod. Her words sparkle and flow
hurriedly, and with the prettiest donbleness of
meaning, Naturalness she copies, and she scorns,
She accuses herself of a single expression or re-
Wer schooling. She measures wer-wir by tea
umphs of her art; she chuckles over her own fal-
sity to herself, And if by chance her soul — such
germ as is left of it— betrays her into untoward
confidence, she condemns herself, as if she had
committed crime.
She is always gay, because she has no depth of
feeling to be stirred. The brook that rans shallow
over a hard pebbly bottom always rustle. She is
light-hearted, because her heart floats in sparkles.
She counts on marriage, not as the great absorbent
of a heart's love and life, but as a happy, feasible
and orderly conventionality, to be played with, and
kept at o distance, and finally to be accepted as a
cover for the faint and tawdry eparkles of an old
and cherished heartlessners,
She will not pine under any regrets, because she
has no appreciation of any loss; she will not chafe
at indifference, because it is her art; she will not
be worried with jealousies, becanse she is ignorant
of love. With no conception of the soul in ita
strength and falness, she sees no lack of its de-
Written for Moore's Rural Now-Yorker. | Mands. A thrillshe does not pai parasite
cannot imagine; joy is a name; grief is anot! er;
BAS ASDEMDROE, and life, with its crowding scenes of Jove and bit-
Do you mark yon pretty sparkler, poised go | terness is a play upon the stage.—Jk. Marvel.
Sracefully on the extreme verge of the tiny velvet
blossom, which, beautiful as it, bows it fair head
humbly as it woos to its bosom the glitterin . ,
atom, reflocting back from its polished Dean ie Ons of the great social evils of this age is ad-
& thousand brilliant colors, the rays of the rising | Mitted to be the alnpianoe) of our young men to
“day god,” and sinking at last gently back into early marriagez, They won't marry now, we are
the soft embrace of its purple-browed wooer— | t°!4, 98 they used to de, and ought to do, on $300
Quick, ere it fades from our admiring gaze, let us| °9€2" Depend anon ah ta Beny) Bnd Any, pioane
imprison the glittering gem, which, brighter than it is not the odd hundred or two that is wanting—
diamond or pearl, seems to obscure for a time | i’ the attraction. We have lost that Joyous and
even the loveliness of spring's floral be autien, familiar intercourse between neighbors’ families,
Only a dewdrop—it is gone, and we look cieate where young people's individualities had space
for the glowing beauty that a moment since en. | 824 opportunity to develop themselves, and heart
chained our admiring vision. met heart. Our modish Cupid has overstrang his
Another gazed fervently, yet ob, how lovingly, bow—his arrows don’t hit home, Yonng ladies
Spon the tiny form of her heart's ido}, and twining hide away the key of their hearts so carefully that
her soft finger in the sunny luxuriance of curling nobody thinks it worth looking for. Who is to
hair, echoed back from her over fall heart the rich choose “the one” out of a bevy of proper-behaved
melody of baby laughter, that, springing from | 1®™sels like a row of hollyhocks, differing only in
thore amall red lips, filled all the room with a bira. height and shape and color? They all look alike,
like music, more beautiful to that mother's ear, | Oss alike, talk alike, and walk alike; and, for any.
than the most labored productions of art. Yet | ‘ng that appears to the contrary, think alike and
again, she bowed above that slight form, but not feel alike, Why,such a choice is an act of delibe-
as then, with joy and hope lightening up each rate intention—matrimony pretense; few men have
glance, forthe baby limbs lie motionless in their the nerve to venture upon it. No wonder they cal-
Uttle bed, the sweet tonesare hushed, and the bine. culate the probable butchers’ and bakers’ bills be-
Veined Nas fall gently over the dim eyes, bat now fore they take such a plunge as that Don't fancy
with childish love and int telligence. Only that I talk like a cynical old bird, not to be caught
a dewdrop! Ab, mourning mother, hast thou not with chaff I talk asthe exponent of what myown
faith to see that the budding beauty of thy babe meme yonld be if ants young, and.opan al
bas, like the dewdrop,retamed tad 'to ‘the once was to the conviction of brighteyes. There's
from which it was sails aed a nephew, + eee long home from
—Ayou e Crimea, ” ependent, asa
ths world, ange suseely the pacer bai of) Skye terrier, brave as lion, (clasps for ree
thelr gifts sat favored bead, he | Surinres fe decidedly. © What mec moet"
sald in his heart—t am content, when lo, death tald he, in his open-hearted, unabashed simplicity,
came boldly into the sacrea Precints of his house- | “W88 the sight of a woman's ios” yyherenpon I
hold, One by one, its dear ones « spoke:—“I wonder, Jack, you don’t marry; it
ANNA.
YOUNG LADIES,
violets,” lonely slept beneath | wonld make man than living half
bine ale at sat in the elegant oy in ihe am ing-room of the cla Why
ve home, mourning over Rot pick up a nice girl, and set up the familyname
at the old manor?” “Well, so I would,”
id Jack, interjectively between the pulls of bis
cutty; “but there are no girls now—they’re all
et not Paused the destro, , his
‘from him like a dream, and again
b | alone, he braved the world, Only a a young lady!”
demarop. Wealth, worldly honore—are they not °BiStecet's Meee MAINE
‘Lal = 7
——
Og i Se
Choice Miscellany.
‘Writtes for Moore's Raral New-Yorker.
THE ATLANTIC CABLE.
BY J. BEARDSLEY.
Tux Cable in its ocean ded
Where storms forget to rare,
And howling winds refuse
To urge the curling wave,
Beneath the strife of power,
The tempest’s racking breath,
Has hi'd him down to slumber
Unmindfal of their wrath.
Upon a bed of coral,
In “amber-dropping cares,”
O’er shells of brightest lustre
Which sparkle through the wares;
Along the caverned niches
Its lengthen’d form is laid,
Where echo mocks the ringing
Of the shout of happy Naiad.
No prince of eastern nation,
Where “showers barbaric pearls,”
And gems and diamonds rival
The glance of dark-eyed girls,
Can boast a couch more rich,
With wealth from every shore,
Than the ons in whose embrace
It rests for evermore,
Wrapped in a sleep magnetic—
(The spark which science caught
Falling from the altar of Heaven,
And kindled into thought—)
The strange mysterious wire,
Within its twisted coil,
Shall dream of the pride of nations,
Their honor and their toi].
Through each metallic fibre
Made vital by ‘the spark,”
The wishes of a world shall pass
Unerring to their mark;
And such shall be the dreaming,
The visions which shall rise
Like meteors swiftly darting
Athwart the midnight skies.
Nor yet unwatched its sleeping
Beneath the flashing foam,
A silent band of seamen
Are there to guard their own.
The mane of the British Lion
Is lifted by the tide,
And hearts of oak, now wasted,
Are scatter'd by its side,
Columbia's “Spangled Banner,”
Within its twining folds,
In an embrace of honor
Full many a sailor holds,
Whose arms of Saxon prowess
Once nailed it to the mast,
To proudly wave above them
For the glory of the West.
And when the smoke of battle
Had lifted from the deep,
And the sailor's sight grew dim,
And cold and white his cheek,
His quick ear caught the flapping
OF “the stripes” atill foating high—
Wish'd they might @er enfold him
manda Ka alin
sf Pee ee Who feared no,
The dauntless and the free,
Whose white bones guard the Cable
In the deep bed of the sea,
And though the soul which moved them
No longer holds ita sway,
The spirit that infused them
Still warms their kindred clay.
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER.
“Balies’ 2 20 ef Solio. like to the dewdrop, ia fora a Soloed sem ee hey S, pbhbath usings.
with feelings of love. Ah, me! these childish
fancies are, after all, more sensible than some of
the theories of our maturer years
There isa Whip-poor-Will. The little fellow has
“planted himself,” ({ wish that be would grow
there,) directly beneath my window. How ener.
getically he emphasises the “Will” I like some
birds more than others—this one especially, He
has such s prompt, business-like way of announc-
ing the fact that Poor Will must bo whipped. But
T hate the black buzzards that live about this place,
They seem to me like uneasy spirits, clothed in
dark forms, and hung in the air above us, to cast
shadows upon the green earth beneath. It may
appear strange, but I think that the Creator of the
Universe has set apart some birds for the especial
Purpose ofsingingforhim. For instance,—yester-
day I rose early. The stara were still shining, but
dimly. Through the chambers of the east came
the messenger, light With a quick hand he
kindled the morning fires, and soon they began to
burn. At first, with a pale light that trembled for
existence in every breath of air; then with in-
creased brightness, until the stars were paled, and
the crimson flowers burst through the long line of
waving clouds The sun was tising, and another
day was dawning. On the top of a tall tree sat one
of these favored birds. With his head tarned to
the east, he gave to the morning air notea that
came as clear and distinct as the finest trillings of
afinte, At first they rose firm and loud, until his
little throst seemed to tremble with the volume of
sound—then they changed toa gentle whispering
of sweetest melody. Could any other bird equal
the exquisite variations of that song? Did not
his Creator compose the music of that piece?—
Was he not chanting a sweet anthem in accordance
with the will of the King of Kings?
Well, I must stop writing. The night is waning.
My lamp has begun to burn low, and its light
trembles like the hopes and fears of my day life.
These things are but the types and shadows of
greater realities, and nights and days are but
sundered links of the chain of life. More anon
Stanton Copper Mines, Mo,, 1858. 8. E,W.
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
THE POETRY OF THE PRESENT,
We beg leave to differ with J. Wairney &,
of Lima, in endeavoring to support the theory
that, for the present, the time of sublime poetry
and immortal names has passed, Indeed, there
was a time when darkness shrouded a living world,
and there reigned a night, entirely incompatible
with the natore of man. The necessities of a race
of progressive beings called for energetic, spirit-
stirring men, and they arose, Long pent-up light
burst the bonds that held in darkness the windows
of the soul, til), with the rapidity of that ethereal
substance, it covered the whole earth, and now is
shining forth as the noonday sun. Those days
called for great men, and the same raised them up.
In days when history was chronicled only in
traditional song, lived Hower and Osstan—their
lives veiled in obscurity. Coming down to the
find him engaged ia nie gauss of hs county (ihe
defence of the English people) with an enthusiasm
which cost him the sacrifice of sight, shutting ont
the glare of a dazzling world, and leaving the
mighty poet to mature within himself those won-
derfal powers of Conception and imagination
SEPT. 11,
Written for Moore's Ran New Yorker.
I HEAR THEM CALLING,
Tae great and good who hare had thelr birth
In the olden time gone by,
Have passed away from the sordid earth
And dwell with the blest on igh.
But oft when the shades of ere are falling
From their starry home abore,
Teeem to hear them calling, calling,
In the sweet accents of Love.
They beckon me to follow them,
And hold Up to my sight
A eparkling, beanteous diadem
And robe of shining white;
And when the shades of e¥8 are falling
From their starry home above
I stem to hear them calling, calling,
Tn the sweet accents of Love,
They toll me that time's work below
Nobly performed must be,
If T would eat the fruits that grow
On Jife's immortal tree.
Thos when the abades of eve are fling
From their starry home above,
Tseom to hear them calling, calling,
In the sweet accents of Love,
Sandstone, Mich,, 1858,
Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorkor.
WATCH AND PRAY,
AbyiEL.
Mariner on life's tumultous sea, 0 watch and
pray. Though the blest boon of health be thine,
and thy prospect of life fair, thou knowest not how
soon thy pulse may cease ita beating, and thy form
be laid lifeless and cold in the grave. Then, while
life still remains, put aside the vanitios of earth
and lay thy treasureup above, “where nejther moth
nor rust doth corrupt, and where thieves do not
break through nor steal.” Go watch and pray,
Thou canst not know how soon thine hour will
come. The bell that is now tolling fora fellow-
mortal, may next toll its notes for thee, Thy life
hangs ona brittle thread, which may be broken by
4 word from Him who giveth thee breath. his
day may be thy last—art thou ready to go at the
call of Death? Watch and pray, for soon thou
mayest be summoned to meet thy Gop.
And thon, gentle youth, whose little bark has
been launched so short a time, hast need to watch
and pray, Art thou still free from care? Are
hopes’s fair visions spread before thine eyes?
Dost thy pulse beat strong? Does life's sea acem
to be ever tranquil? Watch and pray. Thou
needest a strong arm to guide thy fail vessel, when
tempests rise, and the waves of sorrow roll. Pray
to Him who “heareth the young ravens when they
cry,” and he will guide thee to the “Haven of
rest.” Thongh all appears bright now, it will soon
change. Storms will arise, and the rough winds
rndely blow, and thou wilt be tossed to and fro
upon the billows, But if thou dost pray for his
guidance, thy Heavenly Father will watch over
thee through all changes. When temptations are
thiok wrvuud caw) Aue wy ay yuILE 4 prayer 10
Him_ond than wilt have strength given thee sufll-
cient for thine utmost need, When Gop Protects,
Satan cannot harm thee, Then watch and pray
through Iife’s fleeting hour,
And thon, too, aged man, whose race {4 almost
run, dost thou watch and pray? The bloom of
youth has left thy cheek, thine eye is growing dim,
thy footsteps are slow and feeble, thou art tottering
on the verge of the tomb. Dost thon not need
some hand to lead thee through the “ Dark Valley?”
Light has | Soon thy Master will call thee home, Can’st thon
stroggled and conquered, It has ushered in the | be led astray by false hopes of life? Nay, thon
noon of time, The days that tried men’s soul's | Knowest thine hour is near, Then go, weary pil-
The present state of things | grim, watch and pray.
me; I look out of my widow, and eee upon eyery | does not demand the giant minds that did the days | thee.
side the dim out-line ofthe “forest trees,” like a | of old, and adequate to the wants will be the | river,
Ithaca, N. ¥., 1858,
which, at the last, worked out that one great effort
of his genius,—Paradise Lost,
————___
Writtenfor Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
LAMP MUSINGS,
see them at all Alone did I say?—not quite, yt | Progress in grandenr and sublimity; therefore the setting. But there is
is true that the shades jave deepened into darker | @Xpectations of man are excited to something | ye will watch over your ways, and pray for that
hues—that the trees hye grown more dim—that | higher and better than the world has yet produced. | guidance and help ye ao much need. u.00.Eu
the range of my visionhas become smaller, ang | That of equal merit must fall below its intrinsic | Cottage Home, N. ¥., 1958,
that Ihave lit my eveing lamp. Still, I am no; | worth. a
aloe! In the third place, the great and wonderful THE CLOSET,
Out among the mon-lit trees—where the | poems that have descended to us shine like so
shadows play with the oung oaks—the wilt deer | many suns to illaminate the literary world, and] No Christian can be comfortable’or prosperous
Within their angles of light | withoutretirement, Popnlar ministers may preach,
pauses in his course, toook with the earnestyaze | the light is sufficient,
of hia large hazel eyes, pon the light of my lahp, all onr efforts appear mean and uselesa, converse, or pray in public, to the edifying of
Then, the quiet stars artwinkling in the blue sky If we attempt to delineate the beanties of the | others, and yet decline in thelr own souls for want
Just as they did abovamy City Home; and the\Sacred Scriptures, Mruron's “Paradise Lost” {a | of examination, humiliation, and secret prayer,
moon shines just as tightly as in other lands, Nefore us; our pen drops from our grasp, and we | suited immediately to their own case, Nay, the
Bat there are other ompanions. In the large | ™nquish the effort. We attempt to enshrine on | most able ministers will generally cease to be very
oaks beside the gate, irlustrious insects continu- | M°rablet of poetry the daring deeds of Roman | usefal if their religion is neglected, or hurried over
ally assert that “Katy |id,” and that “Katy did- | hetot bat Saaxsreng, in “Juling Cesar,” has | in a formal manner. This the fervent Christian
n't,” break some unfotanate bottle. And down | 8° 8'Pically described the scene that we despair | Knows. He will, therefore, redeem time for retire-
in the pond—among te green grass, and upon | f 40iDBystice to our task. If we would pro- | ment at the expense of many inconveniences: and
the “wind-stirred” lewes—a thousand “voices of | 2000C@ 8D 1405 non the trials and noble perse- | the friends of popular ministers should remember
the night” are swelling the chorus of Nature’s | verance of at native forefathers, a Mra. Hxsans | this, and not too much intrude upon the regular
grand anthem. Splendd songs theysing! Songs has ber itall in her “Landing of the | needful hours for retirement of thoso persons in
of gratitude—songs of ove to the Summer Queen. ee pigtemnal seasons still roll on in | Whose company they most delight. In prosecu-
I must look againga the moon. How calmly eect re ourses, but Taospson has said | ting the word of God, our dwn eles eet must be
she sits in her car of wiite clouds, and how peace- | Scien! ould sing of the uncertain | thwarted, we must not “spend our time” with them
fotare, ALFRED Thy oy h when daty call us another way, or when a pros.
fally she glides along te blue path o'er which her hat the world will oo” 28% sweetly sung of Ly ial gage
regal consort walked hroughout the long hours | © pect is before us of doing essential good.—Srorz,
“When the ye, = Z
to the h of have passed away. ———
ap ante, wha ets eee never iarew Heelies he * POPtEy® the fature, but little of] Tue OusrPREsENCE OF Gop.—Lord, if thon art
tired of gazing at the “ig round moon.” Thada Janz FE, H—, not present, where shall I seek thee absent? if
iffard, N. ¥., 1858.
theory about her, that) have since looked on as pone Seed everywhere, why do I not see thee present? thou
quite imaginary. I fhonght that when good| Booxs—Books are te Vos of the distant and dwellest in light inaccessble; and where is that
people died, they wentdireotly to the moon; and | the dead. Books are th. troy velers, They give inaccessible light? or how shall I have access to
I fancied that it must le a very happy home, and | to all who will faithfully tie by tia wiclaee ‘and | Ught inacceesible? I beseech thee, Lord, teach
that those who were thire ought to feel very con- | the presence of the best as atest of our | Ze t seek thee, and show thyself to the seeker;
tented. They could sai alonginthe “stillynight,” | race. No matter how port 1 ani apineiy because I can neither seek thee, unless thon teach
Among beautifal clouds with s thousand pale stars | the prosperous of my oyn time will inter my | es nor find thee, unless thou show thyself to me;
to light their happy hones. No scorching heat to | obscure dwelling. If tarned ae a watake let me seek thee in desiring thee, and desire thee in
distress them—no uncertainty of wind or weather, | up their abode under my roof—if ‘dise; and fnsa | *¢¢king thee; let mo find thee in loving thee, and
Thad read of comets, ind thought how splendid | my threshold to sing co me of Sac as tion, aj 10Ve thee in finding thee.—Anselm.
they appeared from the moon, and often (in my | peare opens to me the pporkia ot ed Franklia b.
Ne ee ae eee | we marine atthe al wisdoma—I shall not Muuzrey.—The office of the ministry re-
that I might see the great fiery things rushing | enriches me with his practical w anfonship, and I'| Ofy one, whom no prejadice, entreaty, or gift,
slong through the burning alr, swift as the light-| pine for want of intellectual companionship, who divert from the path of rectitude,
ning's aan ee territle seathanderbolt. When may become a cultivated map, Dorseeeee to pr “ 3 ee ‘and whose whole desire is
my little sister died, and they laid her long golden | from what is called the best society P co
ringlets among the white drapery of Hp bps 1) live—North and South pe a Seis
felt more sorrow than I could express; bat I com- e the adopted children of | ing whom Ao e longer I was find-
forted myself with the thought, that when the| Sxcoxp thoughts ar him being foun are earnestly I beheld
moon ahead she would look ada upon me, and ! experience. x
SEPT. 11.
MOORES RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER.
Ghe Traveler.
‘Written for Moorv’s Baral New-Yerker-
Sketches from the Alps to the Adriatic.
NUMBER THREE.
Distances among Mountains—Salt Mines of Hall—Ascent
lo the Mines—Scenery—Walking into the Mountein—
Manner of Working the Mines— Price of Labor—Hall.
I .err Innsprock early one morning for the
village of Hall, which is situated six miles farther
down the yalley of the Inn. The road on the left
bank of the river is level, and leads between rows
of apple and cherry trees. ‘The bottom land of the
valley is about three miles wide —forests and
pastures extend part way up the mountain sfdes,
bot the extreme summits are barren rocks. I
must ssy a word about distances, which among
high mountains are very deceiving to the un-
practiced traveler. The distance between Hall
and Innspruck does not appear to me to be one-
third of what it really is—the three miles across
the valley seemed not moré thanarifieshot But
I was the most surprised on learning that it was
five honre’ of hard walking to the top of the
mountains, north of Innspruck. If one looked
straight to their summits, without taking notice of
the intervening slopes, they appeared scarcely &
mile distant. Perhaps you are walking towards a
precipice, in which you believe you can see every
cleft and shadow, and you think in ten or fifteen
minutes to reach ita bottom. If you are un-
practiced in jadging distances amid such situa-
tions, you will probably find, after walking steadily
for an hour, that the epace then remaining to be
traversed, will require ten or fifteen minutes to
accomplish,
Tarriyed in Hall at eight o'clock, and going to
the Gasthaus =u den Baren, (Hotel to the heart,)
ate my breakfast of coffee and bread with the
keenest appetite, which the morning air and the
six miles walk had given. Leaving my knapsack
at the Inn, I pnt a lanch of bread and ham in my
pocket, and started for the Salt Mines, which are
up among the mountains, and six miles distant
from Hall The road ascends gradually fer the
first half hour, and exhibits interesting views of
the valley. Innsprock and the Castle Ambras
seemed close by. Across the valley, pastures, in-
termingled with forests, extended up the moun-
tain slopes, until they met the line of bleak rocks.
‘The sun shone hot, obliging meto pull off my coat,
and it seemed odd to feel a heat intense enough
to make Indian corn grow rapidly, and yet see
* snow. When the road enters the narrow gorge
among the mountains, it ascends steeper than be-
fore. On both sides are perpendicular, craggy
precipices of rock many hundred feet high, and
they stand so near together that in some places
the sunshine can scarcelyenter. The pass, fora
considerable distance, is so narrow that when the
sun shines on it sideways, the shadows darken the
bottom. A large torrent roars down the gorge,
broken into masses of foam by heaps of rocks that
le in its bed. Higher up, the valley becomes
wider ond greener, and thore are many trees, and
even small pastures,
After two hours walk, I came to several low
buildings, standing some distance from one
another, and surrounded by patches of snow. All
around rose rocky peaks many hundred feet high.
They looked as if inaccessible to the foot of man,
and heaps of snow lay in the hollows of the rocks,
There were no signs of life round about, and I
climbed to the highest building, and then crossed
aridge into another valley, without finding any
body to give me information about the mines.—
Seeing that I was going in the wrong direction, I re-
traced my steps, and met a couple of laborers, who
told me where I could finda guide. Tenteredaroom
in which two or three men were sitting, one of
whom promised to accompany me, Before going,
I drank a glass of beer, and disposed of the lanch
Thad brought along. Ithen put on a jacket, a
leather cap, apron, and belt, and taking a heavy,
iron-pointed staff, followed my guide into one of
the low buildings that leaned against the steep
acolivity. About the entrance lay a vast heap of
snow, Which was part of anayalanche thathad shot
down from the peak above, during the previous
winter, and buried the building.
Unlocking a door, we entered a gallery which rons
horizontally into the mountains, It is about six
feet high, two feet broad at the top, and three and
a half atthe bottom. The broad shoulders of my
guide, who went in advance with his lamp, almost
touched both sidea The sides and top of the
gallery are strengthened in some places by propa
and beams, but for the most part there is nothing
but thesoft rock. This presses in slowly, and the
galleries have to be enlarged every few years—
Eyen the beams will not resist this pressure, and
they bend inwards so that the narrowest part of
the gallery is often half-way between the top and
bottom. I did not learn the exact length of the
main galleries,—the guide did not know,—but I
am sure we followed one between two and three
miles. There was no descent, for the gallery is
horizontal. The air was cool and damp, and the
guide informed me that it held the same tempera-
tare both in summer and in winter. There are
eight levels in the mine, and the galleries on each
ron horizontal. After walking a few minutes
along this narrow passage, directly into the heart
of the mountain, crystals of white and red salt
begin to glitter in the rock, which increased in
quantityas we proceeded. There is but little solid
salt procured in this mine, for it is mixed with a
mach larger proportion of earth and soft rock.
The method of obtaining the salt from the earth
is simple and very effective. We entered a room
excavated in the soft rock with which the salt ig
intermixed. The room was about six feet high,
and contained, the guide said, sixty thonsang
cubic feet. By means of a set of pipes, thisroom
could be filled with pure water, which, by remain.
ing a few weeks, becomes strongly impregnated
with salt, It is then Jet out by another set of pipes
nd carried through them down the valley to Hall,
where it is evaporated. After the room has thus
been filled with water two or three times, or until
all the salt which its sides contain is exhausted, it
is elevated into fresh earth by shoveling down the
roof, and depositing the loosened earth on the
bottom, so that when six feet of the roof are taken
away, six feet are added to the floor, and the
heighth remains the same, though the space is in
fresh earth. The room is thus filled with water,
until the ealine matter which it contains is re-
moved, after which it is again raised. This
method requires the aid of but little machinery.
The water comes in great plenty from springs
higher up on the mountains than the mines. The
guide told me that three hundred and fifty laborers
were employed, and that the lowest price paid for
six hours labor is six cents, and the highest,
twenty cents) The mine has been worked several
hundred yeara. In one large room isa lake, made
forthe amusementof visitors. My guide litseveral
tapers, and then we entered a boat, which he poled
to an island inthe middle. The island is covered
with images of the spirits which were supposed to
haunt mines, and in that singular place looked
wierd enough. The water of the lake was clear as
crystal, and perfectly salt.
T returned to Hall time enough to wander about
the town an hour ortwo before dark. It contains
six thousand inhabitants, and one sees more of the
peculiar customs of the Tyro}, thanin Innsprock.
What atrack me most was the number of project-
ing windowsthathang overthe pavemente. People
can sit in them and have long views in the street
on both sides, This manner of building windows
is very common in all old German towns, but here
it seemed to be carried to a greater extent than
usval. GP. We
THE DEAD SEA.
Ir is not mere fancy that has clothed the Dead
Sea in gloom. The desolate shores, with scarcely
a green thing In sight, and scattered over with
black stones and ragged drift-wood, form a fitting
frame for the dark sluggish waters, covered with
& perpetual mist, and breaking in slow, heavy,
sepulchral-toned waves upon the beach. It seems
as if yet the smoke of the wicked cities was
ascending up to heaven, and as if the moan of
their fearfal sorrow would neyer leaye that God-
smitten valley. Itisa strange thing to see those
wayes, not dancing along and sparkling in the
sun, as other waves do, but moving with measured
melancholy, and sending to the ear, as they break
languidly upon the rock, only dolefal sounds.
This is, no doubt, owing to the great heayiness of
the water, a fact well known, and which we amply
verified in the usual way, for on attempting to
swim, we went floating about like empty casks.
This experiment was more satisfactory in its
progress than in its results, which were a very
unctuous akin, and a most pestiferous stinging of
eyery nerve, as if we had been flagrantly beaten
with nettles. Nor was the water we took into our
mouths a whit less vile than the most nauseous
drngs of the apothecary. That fish cannot live in
this strong solution of bitumen and salt, is too
obvious to need proof; but to say that birds can-
not fly over it and live, is one of the exaggerations
of travelers, who perhaps were not, like ourselves,
so fortunate as to see a flock of ducks quietly
reposing on the water in apparently perfect health.
And yet this was all the life we didsee, The whole
yalley was one seething cauldron, under more
than a tropical sun. God-forsaken and man-
forsaken, no green thing grows within it, and it
remains to this day as striking a monument of
God's fearful judgments, as when the fire from
heaven devoured the mighty cities of the plain—
Correspondence of the Presbyterian.
ALABAMA,
SEALS OF THE STATES.
MISSISSIPPL
—NO. XXII AND XXIV.
Axvapama, one of the Southern States, is situated
between 30° 10’ and 35 north latitude, and 85° and
88° 30’ west longitude. Alabama was originally
included in the territori@l limits of Georgia, ex-
cept a portion which belonged to Florida. In
1802 Georgia ceded all her territory west of Chat-
tahoochee river to the Mississippi to the United
States, and in 1817 it constituted the Mississippi
Territory. Alabama constituted a portion of this
territory until it was admitted into the Union,
and became an independent State in 1820. The
population in 1800 was only 2,000, and in 1850,
771,671. The masses are divided into, whites,
426,507; free colored, 2,272; slaves, 342,892,
‘The surface of this State exhibits much variety,—
bordering the shore of the Gulf of Mexico, and for
some distance interior it is low, level, soil sandy,
and the prevailing timber pine. The central por-
tion is undulating, with a deep rich, and produc-
tive soil, especially on the margin of the streams,
Approaching the north, it rises into a hilly region,
and in the north-east corner of the State it becomes
mountainous, caused by the southern termination
of the Alleghany ridge. The climate, yarying
from the south to the north part of the State, is
favorable for the production of its great staplee—
cotton, rice, sugar, sweet potatoes, and Indian
corn, and in the middle and northern part, wheat
and other cereals, Alabama has great mineral
resources; the entire middle region is underlaid
with bitaminonus coal, and deposits of iron ore, and
in different localities thronghdut the State, are
lead ore, manganese, limestone, marble, &o,; in
the northeast gold mines haye been worked with
some success,
The Executive power is yested in a Governor,
who is elected biennially by the people. The
Legislative power consists of a Senate and House
of Representatives; the Senate consists of thirty-
three members, elected for four years, one-half
going outevery two years; and the representatives
number one hundred, elected for two years, The
legislature meets biennially in Montgomery, on
the second Tuesday in Novenber. The judges of
the Sopreme Court and the chancellors are elected
by the joint yote of the two branches of the legis-
lature for a period of six years. The right of suf-
frage is possessed by every white male citizen of
twenty-one years of age, who has resided within
the State one year immediately preceding an elec-
tion, and the last three months within the county,
city, or town in which he offers his yote.
Mississtprr, also one of the southern United
States, is situated between 30° 10' and lat, 35° N.
and between 80° 30’ and 81° 35’ W. lon. It is 339
miles long from north to aouth, and 150 broad, con-
taining 47,151 square miles Population in 1316
was 45,929; and in 1350, 606,555.
The southern part of the State, for about 100
miles from the Gulf of Mexico, is mostly a sandy
level pine forest, interspersed with cypress swamps,
open prairies, and inundated marshes, and a few
hills of moderate elevation, This region is
generally healthy, and by cultivation produces
cotton, Ind{an corn, sugar, indigo, &c. As you
proceed farther north, the country becomes more
elevated and agreeably diversified, and the soil is
a deep righ mould, producing abundantly cotton,
Indian corn, sweet potatoes, indigo, peaches,
melons, and grapes, The natural growth of
timber consists of poplar, hickory, black walnut,
Bugar maple, cotton wood, magnolia, lime, and
sassafras, The country in the north of the State
is healthy and productive, and the lands watered
by the Yazoo, in the north-west are very fertile,
The Governor is elected by the people for a term
of two years, and cannot hold the office more than
four years out of six, and in case of his death,
resignation, or other inability, it is provided that
the President of the Senate shall perform the
duties of Governor until another shall be duly
qualified, The Senators are elected for four years,
one-half of the number being chosen biennially,
There cannot be less than one-fourth, nor more
than one-third of the whole number of Represen-
tatives, The Representatives are elected biennially,
on the first Monday and day following in November,
and each county is entitled to one member. The
Legislature meets biennially at Jackson on the first
Monday in January, Every free white male citizen
of the United States, 21 yeara of age, and who has
resided in the State one year next preceding the
election, and four months in the county, city or
town in which he offers his vote, is deemed a
qualified voter. The High Court of Errors and
Appeals consists of three Judges, elected for a
term of six yeare,—one is chosen biennially,
In 1716 the French formed a settlement where
the city of Natchez now stands. This colony was
afterwards destroyed by the Indians in the vicinity.
In 1763 the territory was ceded to Great Britain,
In 1817 it was admitted into the Union as an inde-
pendent State. The original constitution was
formed in 1817, and revised in 1832,
OUR CHANGING CLIMATE,
Tue following beautiful passage by Washington
Trying might almost make a March day cheerful:
“Here let us say a word in favor of those vicissi-
tudes of our climate, which are too often made the
subject of exclusive repining. If they annoy us
occasionally by changes from hot to cold, from wet
to dry, they give us one of the most beautiful cli-
matesinthe world, They give us the brilliant sun-
shine of the South of Europe, with the fresh ver-
dure of the North. They float our summer sky
with gorgeous tints of fleecy whiteness, and send
down cooling showers to refresh the panting earth
andkeepitgreen. Our seasons are full of sublimi-
ty and beauty.
Winter with us hath none of its proverbial
gloom, It may have its howling winds and chill-
ing frosts, and whirling snow storms; but it has
also its long intervals of cloudless sunshine, when
the snow-clad earth gives redoubled brightness to
the day, when at night the stars beam with intens-
est lustre, or the moon floods the whole landscape
with her most limpid radiance. And the joyous
outbreak of our Spring, bursting at once into leaf
and blossom, redundant with vegetation, and yocif-
erous with life and the splendor of summer —its
morning yoluptuousness and evening glory—its
airy palaces of sunlit clonds piled up in a deep
azure sky; and its gusts of tempests of almost
tropical grandeur, when the forked lightning and
bellowing thunder-volley from the battlements of
heayen shake the sultry atmosphere; and the sub-
lime melancholy of our Autumn, magnificent in
its decay, withering down the pomp of awoodland
country, yet reflecting back from its yellow forests
the golden serenity of the sky. Truly we may say
that in our olimate, ‘The heavens declare the glory
of God, and the firmament showeth his handiwork.
Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night
showeth knowledge.’ ”
Anas Proverss—If your friend is made of
honey do not eat him all up. If you trayel thro’
the country of the blind, be blind yourself’ When
you are the anvil have patience; when you arethe
hammer, strike straight and well. He who cannot
take a hint, cannot comprehend a long explana-
tion. Take counsel of one greater and one less
than yourself, and afterward from your own
opinion.
Haprrrsess EyER Distant.—Youth beholds hap-
piness gleaming in the prospect Age looks back
on the happiness of youth; and, instead of hopes,
seeks its enjoyment in the recollection of hopes.
Thus happiness ever resides in the imagination,—
Coleridge,
QuaRRetsowe people are always ready to forgive
themselves; but are very unwilling to pardon oth-
ers. An honest man, and one who loves and fol-
lows peace, however, is always more ready to
forgive others than himself
FRICTION MATCHES,
Tue truth of that trite old maxim, “All that
glitters is not gold,” is exemplified in reference to
new inyentions in mechanism and science, as well
as the other phases of life to which it was origi-
nally designed to be applied. The Boston Herald,
in turning over the pages of the Encyclopedia of
Commerce, just published, remarks that many of
the most important things in commerce are likely
to be overlooked in the broad, comprehensive and
magnificent examinations usually given to such
matters,
In the same manner, inventions of the greatest
importance for domestic purposes are frequently
overlooked and unnoticed in their homely attire,
when placed on exhibition and surrounded by
works of polished art, costly machinery and gor-
geous furnitore, although of less actual worth and
benefit, A humble inyentor once placed in such
an exhibition a few bunches of friction matches,
which were unnoticed by those who passed. Visi-
tors went there looking for some great thing, not
realizing that the despised package ef splints tip-
ped with chemical fire was the greatest thing in
that prond collection, destined to work a revolution
in the means of procuring artificial light, and to
become a universal necessity, to be deprived of
which would be one of the greatest inconveniences
that could happen. It is not more than twenty
years since the tinder-box was in usiversal use;
but it is abolished now, and its place taken by this
simple, cheap and certain method of obtaining
light The introduction of friction matches spread
slowly; but who now would like to do without
them? Rafts of timber are annually cut up for
this purpose,
Eee
Puysioa CoutorE.— The fact is, children are
sent to school too young. They are compelled to
study too many hours, and too many thinga—
Teachers con do much—very much to eradicate
these evils, by encouraging their pupils to exercise
in the open air, and, if need be, joining with them
in their sports. Ona pleasant day no child should
be allowed to remain in the school-room during
the time set apart for exercise, neither should they
be confined to close study for two or three hours
atatime. I am persuaded that there exists no
subject at the present time, in school matters,
which has more urgent need of the attention of
both teachers and parents than this of physical
cultare.”— Cranston (R. L,) School Report.
Snowy Fowerara—The trappings of the defunct
are but the ontward dressings of the pride of the
living: the undertoker, in all his melancholy pomp,
his dingy bravery, waits upon the quick, and not
the dead.
ate Ca
Tue faculty of imagination is the great spring
of human activity, and the principal source of hu-
man improvement.
<
Govner for the Lonng.
For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker.
MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA.
I am composed of 18 letters,
My 1, 5, 13, 13, 7, 18 is an article of commerce.
My 3, 14, 11, 5, 16 is a lady’s name,
My 4, 14, 1, 17, 15 is a man’s name,
My 8, 7, 17, 3, 7 is an article of food.
My 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 is a domestic implement.
My 5, 1, 14, 6, 13, 6 is a lady’s name,
My 4, 10, 12, 17 is one of the months.
My 2, 7, 13 is a color.
My 9, 14, 12, 6, 6, 16 is a lady's name,
My whole is the name of a Ruzat correspondent.
Allen T’p,, 1858. S. E. Saar.
Answer in two weeks.
——-+
(For Moore's Rural New-Yorker.
PROBLEM,
In what shape will the shortest line enclose an
area of one acre? W. EB.
Wanamingo, Minn,, 1863.
Ss Answer in two weeks,
For Moore's Rural New-Yorkar.
HISTORICAL ENIGMA.
T am composed of 61 letters.
My 13, 2, 61, 42, 58, 14, 8, was a king of Portugal.
My 46, 1, 67, 41, 5, 39, 60, 29 was a celebrated city
of antiquity.
My 11, 48, 35, 17, 37, 80, 18, 44 was a cynio philoso-
pher.
My 16, 15, 25, 59, 40, 22 was a powerfal state of
Ancient Greece,
My 7, 13, 11, 14, 34, 42, 9, 55, 26 was a president of
Haryard College.
My 21, 6, 28, 52, 12, 60, 26, 54, 38, 27, 14 was the
greatest orator of antiquity.
My 47, 5, 31, 2, 43, 45 was the muse of comedy.
My 20, 42, 53, 36, 19, 49, 83, 61 was a province in
which one of the kings of England was born.
My 56, 10, 23, 29, 43, 61 was one of the signers of
the Declaration of Independence,
My whole is a beantiful sentiment—partly from
Shakspeare, WB Le
Rochester, N. Y., 1858,
$= Answer in two weeks.
———_---__—_-
ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS, &c., IN NO. 451.
Answer to Miscellaneous Enigma:— Atlantic
Telegraph Co.
Answer to Charade:—A Bocking Chair, N
Answer to Problem:—19 sheep, 1 lamb—$2 for
sheep, $1 26 for lamba.
Ss
Never ridicule what you cannot comprehend;
you thereby betray your own ignorance.
The Aouny Buralist.
THE DIGNITY OF LABOR
Ts some classes of society labor is considered
Ss very degrading. They suppose it renders them
coarse and yalgar,
God has commanded that man shall obtain “his
bread by the sweat of his brow,” and “he that will
not work, neither shall he eat” Again, He has
said, H® 18 “no respecter of persona” Then,
those who labor and those who do net are ona
level in the sight of their Creator. What, then, is
the use of mi So much distinction in life
when there can be none in Eternity, as regards
labor? If there can be any, it will be in favor of
those who have honestly toiled, becanse in so
doing they have done their Master’s will, and the
others have need to ask forgiveness because they
haye not.
Tt matters not whether the bread fs obtained by
the sweat of the brow, or labor of the Drain—only
let all haye some honest employment, and the
world will be better; a good example will be given
those who come after to imitate. The evil one
always finds employment for idle minds and hands,
and chooses such to accomplish his flendish
designs.
A man who keeps head, heart, and hands busy in
some good cause is one of Nature's noblemen, and
such, too, as the world delights to remember when
he is in his grave. But where is there on record
the name of anidle man? Honest labor makes a
man independent. It cultivates his talents, which
sometimes exhibit a brilliancy calculated to light
other souls through the world, which, if not culti-
vated, lie dormant, and the world, as well as him-
self, is a loser thereby. Some make the excuse,
that they have a sufficiency of this world’s goods,
and do not need to labor. Then let them take it
and use for the further improvement of themselves
and those under their immediate care, or those
about them who would gladly and thankfully
receive it, and perhaps reflect honor on their
benefactor. Oo. BM
LAWYERS vs, FARMERS’ BOYS,
Messrs. Epirors:—Harry Haneis, of Hume,
N. ¥,, in Rurau of Aug. 21st, takes particular pains
to inform Ruxat readers, that he don’t like farm-
ing, and don’t fancy Farmers’ boys, clerks, ap-
prentices, tc. Thinks he should like the legal
profession, and after making a strong appeal to
those “who intend to enlist under the banner of
“At’y,” to back him up, concludes by throwing
down the gauntlet to Farmers’ boys, and contem-
plates combating his “formidable antagonists
with such a discharge of talent as they cannot
easily withstand.”
In reply, 1 am a Farmers’ boy, and having no
“natural repugnance to anything pertaining to
farming,” I am willing to do my share of whatever
hard work is to be done, In short,I am one of
the very boys this self-constituted leader of the
“ Att’y's” is after. Perhaps he will see us ona
full trot for the woods, at the first fire, and, perhaps
not! Linfer, however, from the character of the
challenge, that this valorons leader, who, from his
own showing, is too lazy to work, and too ill-bred
to keep his illnatured fancies to himself, expecta
us Farmers’ boys, in the language of a poet, to
“Tremble, quake, quiver, quail,
For lo! I stride a Comet’s tail,”
Andif the Farmers’ boys show fight,
Pl switch it round with all my might!
You, Harry, virtually admit that farming is more
conducive to health than any other employment,
You are willing to sacrifice a portion of your
health for comfort, but think other employments
may be pursued, as conducive to health as farming.
The logic of your argument may be “clear as
mud” to yourown mind—it certainly is no clearer
to mine.
Tn conclusion, friend Harry, if you are really
aching with strength, for a brush with those you
affect to despise—the Farmers’ boys—you can
doubtless be accommodated. Open your batteries,
as you propose, with a “discharge of talent,”—
pitch in “rough and tumble,” just when and where
you please, but bear in mind that it is a squabble
of your own provoking. We are the last in the
fight, and for one I shall be in no hurry to leave it.
Erie County, N. ¥., 1858. EE, 0.
THE CLERKS,
Messrs, Eps.:—Accompanying this note I send
you a specimen of my Excelsior Wine, manufac-
tured and put up by me in pints and quarts from
the native Isabella grape. It will be two years old
the coming ripening. I wish you to sample it
thoroughly and acquaint a “clerk” who signs
himself in your last week's issue of its properties,
&o. Like hia suggestions well respecting the fill-
ing up of a column in the Rvrat by clerks; and
if they will only do go and send slong some speci-
mens of their labors, (not of counterjumping,) I
presume you, Mr. Editor, would appreciate them
rie idea of any salesman or clerk in Rochester
haying anything to do with Agriculture or Horti-
culture may be considered a laughable one, yet I
can assure you, Mr, Editor, of one whose hours are
spent at early dawn, (not quite a3 early as the Rob-
ins begin to sing their beautifal eongs,) but say
from daylight to six in the morning, cultivating a
very small piece of ground, besides proning and
tresselling one of the prettiest and most produc-
tive grape vinea in Rochester, This is done more
for health than profit, although this vine produ-
ces tome in wine alone nearly one hundred dol-
lars net a year.
You may hear from me again, if anything comes
op extraordinary, Day Goons CLERK
Rochester, N. Y., Aug,, 1868.
Remancs.—With the aboye we received a bottle
of very superior native wine. It had less of that
sweet, cloggy taste so common with most home-
made wines, and which makes them more like
cordials than wines. Those who want to make good
wine this fall must use leas sugar and water, and
more juice of the frnit than ia recommended in
therecipes. Water and sugar flavored with a little
grape jnice is poor staf, Let us bave the pure
juice of the fruit, or pure water.
ne Of oot Beap Uisinent Product of = Btalk of MSlet.
Clearteg Old Fietda and Pastore Lands... 2... eee
Rural Maccbany—Go tothe Faire The Potato Crop in Ine
land. Wheat Growing in Nebruka The State Ful. Ag BA
Caorention. Potato Rot in Rhode Inland and Mam Another
Unica Ag Eociety. Address at the State Fatr. Public Sale of
Pee
DOMESTIO ECONOMY.
Answer to Inquiries Elderberry Wine—Ioquiry. How to make
Picklea “Brandy and Salt” for Inflammation To Destroy
‘Ania. Tomato Catsup Salt-Rheum Oiatment,.............
LADIES PORT- FOLIO.
roettea!} Eveuing Thoughts. Only a Dew-Drop. Have
wena dome! Description of a Fie Young Ladies...... 296
CHOICE MISCELLANY.
Ailantlc Cable, {Postical] Lamp Musings The Poetry of
Te Present Botks "Becoad Taoaghtgsessecccree-cosee an 206
SABBATH MUSINGS.
I Hear Them Calling, (Poetical) Watch and Pray. The Closet
Tho Oma = vt Ged. The aod
Sketches from the Alps to
Changing Climate, ..
USEFUL OLIO.
Seals of the States [Minstrated] Friction Matches Physical
Cultore. Arab Pioverbs Happiness ever Distant thowy
Funerals,
THE YOUNG RURALIST.
‘Tho Dignity of Labor. Lawyers va. Farmery Boys The Clerks. 297
THE SKETOH BOOK.
Indian Com, {Poetical] Letters from our Farm. The Wife's
Mistake Constantinople,..... 300
List of New Advertisements this Week
Fall Dress Goods—Habbard é& Northrop.
Genuine Adantlc Cable—Ball, Black & Co,
Agnes, A Novel—Pbillips, Sampson & Cov
Walworth’s Commercial College—C. A. Walworth
Lyons Mustea) Academy—L. Hinsdale Sherwood, A. M.
Are Ont—Are Ont—Olark's Fiell Sty le
Pablic Sale of Short Horns—S. P. Chapman.
The Allen Raspberry—Lewis F. Allen.
Agents Wanted—J. Challen ¢ San.
‘Wooden Wator Pipp—I. Hobbie & Co
Wantoa—Leary & Gets,
Monroe St Nursery—K Boardman
Peabody’s Strawherry—EL. Heffrea.
Devon Vattle, and Sonth-Down Sheep—Lewis F. Allen.
8,000 Apple Trees—O. F. Weaver.
Smith's Portable Corn Hasker— Henry Romyen.
441,000 Wilson's Albany Strawberry—J. Caldwell
Yeoman's frait Bottlo—T. G. Yeomaza
Wanted—Sewell Foster.
SPECIAL NOTICE
Bpasmodic Arthma—Joeph Burnett & Co.
The Sun Dial—W. W Wilson
Monroe Co. Agriculintal Society's Annuel Pair and Show.
ROCHESTER, N. Y., SEPTEMBER 11, 1858,
TERMS OF THE RURAL.
Single Copy, one Tea SS Stele 82
Three Copies, “ se == = 85
Five Copies, ef -e--- $8
Six Copies, and one free to agent, - $10
Ton Copies, and one free to agent, - $15
Subscriptions for Six Months received at half the above
rates, and free copies allowed in proportion. Club papers
sent to as many different post-offices as desired, and names
added to a club at any time.
ee
Burning of Quarantine—Incendiarism.
Sixce the removal of the New York Quarantine
to Staten Island, a spirit of insubordination hag
been exhibited on several occasions by the inhabi-
tants, and the recent arrivals of vessels infected
with yellow fever served to bring the whole affair
to a oulminating point On the Jat inst. ameceting
of the citizens of Castleton was held and the burn-
ing of the Quarantine buildings was decided upon,
The Board of Health of Castleton also posted a
handbill, signed by their Chairman and Seoretary,
in which the Quarantine was denounced as a nui.
sance too intolerable to be borne, and recommend-
ing the citizens to protect themselves iby abating
it without delay. The plan was to burn all the
buildings, and placing the sick ina barge to tow
them to the city, and have them anchored off the
Battery. Tn accordance with thisrecommendation,
the station was attacked in the evening by a mob
of 1,000 men, and several of the buildings frea—
The large hospital buildings for yellow fever pa
tients and Dr, Thompson's private residence were
entirly destroyed. Several other small buildings
were also burnt. Dr, Thompson rallied a force of
60 men and endeavored to protect his dwelling,
bat they were all driven ont. One man of the
doctor's party was ehot through the head and has
Since died. Before firing the fever hospital, they
Temoved the patients on their beds toa distance,
laying them on the ground.
On the 24 inst, the excitement increased con-
tinually during the day, and the sick in the remain-
ing buildings were removed and sent up to New
York and Brooklyn, Many of the infected patients
— Scattered through those two cities One small
Pox patient lay in the City Hall Parkall afternoon,
touch him. When night re-
the buildings were set on
attempt was made by any
one to stop the flames goon after midnight the
‘female bh Was set on fire and wholly con-
sumed. t contained seventy.ayo Patients who
noved tothe grasa
number of buildings coi ‘thirty-two; loss
about $300,000. The obj e mob being ac-
complished all is now qi (prover-
bial for her tardiness in New York city) bas taken
the matter in hand by the arrest of the ring lead-
era.) Anexamination bas been had and the parties
held to answer in $2,000 bail—Com. Vanderbilt
becoming surety.
Washington Matters.
Govxexor Mo Mutuey, of Washington Territory,
arrived at Washington city on the Ist inst. When
he left a month ago the Indians in the Territory
from the Cascade Mountains were disposed to be
friendly, but fears were entertained that they might
be inflaenced by those east of the Mountains A
vigorous campaign against them and severe chas-
tisement will, however, probably haye an effect in
prodacing a general peace among the savages,
who must sensibly feel the power of the Govern-
ment. He says the Indians in the British and Rus-
sian Possessions were extremely formidable and
shrewd, and are in the habit of plundering and
killing the settlers in the most exposed portions of
the Territory.
Lrevr. Pganam, who distinguished himself in the
fight with pirates in the East Indies during the
Perry Expedition, has been appointed to the com-
mand of the Water Witch, fitting out for Paraguay.
Co. Rector has been instructed by the Secre-
tary of the Interior to proceed to Florida, and as
soon as the season will permit to take measures for
the removal of the Seminoles, who are now in the
Everglades. The Secretary of War is desirous
that this shall be done under the superintendence
Col. R. alone without the interference of the author-
ities or citizens of Florida. No militaty force will
be employed. The Indians will be removed to
Arkansas, to which State Billy Bowlegs and his
companions were transferred, should the negotia-
tions be satisfactory. 5
In the case of the disputed title to the Kancho
Dio Delos Americanos in California, the Secretary
of the Interior has rejected the survey of the Sur
veyor-General of that State and ordered a new one
to be made,
Larest INTEvLiczNce From Uran.—The Salt
Lake mail, with dates to the 7th instant, has
arriyed. The election of the 2d August passed
quietly. The Gentiles had an opposition ticket,
but Mr. Osborne, of Green river county, was the
only one elected to the Legislature. In Salt Lake
county, the ticketreceived only 30 votes. The late
appointment, by Goy, Cumming, of Probate Jadge
in Carson aud Green River counties, has caused
some dissatisfaction among the Mormons, but all
was quiet at the departure of the mail.
Col. Hoffman is ordered direct to Oregon with
the 6th Infantry. The road from Devil's Gate to
Fort Bridge is strewn with cattle. Col. Williams’
command was met at Scott’s Bluff. The 7th In-
fantry, 1,000 men, under Col Morrison, were at
Platte bridge, returning. The volunteers under
Col. Bee, were passed at Laramie. Bat few Indians
were seen. The rivers were low. The 6th In-
fantry were ordered to Benicia, California, Col,
Canby, of the 10th Infantry, with two companies
of the 2d Dragroons, and two companies of the 6th
Infantry, are to garrison at Fort Bridger.
ce Sea
Tus Artesian WELL ar Lovisyiiie, Ky.—The
Journal, of the 26th ult, saya:—* Last night, when
at a depth of 1,997 feet, Dapont’s great borerstruck
another stream of water, far more powerfal than
any of the preceding ones, They got a stream on
Friday night, which we have not heretofore stated,
The quantity of water now coming up is about
donble of what it has been heretofore, The water
is much sweeter than it has been, On Sunday they
attached a hose to the well, and threw water over
all the buildings connected with the paper mill —
We obtain the above information from Mr, Kellogg,
the superintendent of the mil], under whose able
direction the great bore has been progressing.”
Foop or Tae Rozix.—A Committee of the Mass,
Horticultural Society, have been investigating this
question, and haye reported for the months of
January, Febrasry, March, and part of April. No
robins were found until early in March, and only
male birds appeared until April. Ten varieties of
inseots were found in their crops, consisting of
beetles, grasshoppers and spiders Nine-tenths of
these consisted of one kind of larve, of the curcu-
lio family—the species undetermined. One hun-
dred and sixty-two were taken in one instance,
from the crop ofasingle bird. The investigations
will be continued through the year,
Tonacco IN THE Connecricur VaiLEy.— The
tobacco crop in the Connecticut Valley is unusually
promising this year, Farmers are now engaged in
cutting it This crop is an important feature of
agriculture in the Connecticut River Valley, and
the business has been created within a few years,
Farmers who understand its cultivation, make it
more remunerative than any other crop. Abont
1,600 pounds to the aore is the average yield of
tobacco in Connecticut, and ten or twelve cents
per pound the price of the leaf.
Nezpraska Lanp Savzs—It is announced dy tele-
staph from Washington that the land sales, adver-
tised for the present month, have been postponed
forone year, This will be good news in Nebraska,
85 very few of the settlers were prepared with the
necessary cash to secure their pre-emptions, and
speculators were flooding the State to take adyan-
tage of their necessities.
a,
Taz Canapa Exzction;—Five members of the
late Government, says the Toronto Globe, have been
elected — Messrs. Foley, Macdonald, Lemieux,
Brown and Mowatt. Only Dr. Connor's election
in Upper Canada remains, and in Lower Canada,
Messrs. Dorion, Drummond, Thibaudeau and La-
berge will speedily be returned.
‘Tue Court at Burksville, Ky., recently gaye a
Verdict against the owner of distillery for the
value of a negro man, for having sold the black a
jug of whiskey on which the slave became intoxi-
cated, and was In consequence drowned in attempt-
ing to swim on horseback aswollen creek. This
verdict, it is thought, will have an important infia-
ence in arresting the sale of whiskey to slaves.
‘Weather of August — Comparisons — Facts.
Axoruzr splendid month bas gone. Rarely is
fo fine an August given to us; rain and eun in
their excellence, so as to make all nature green
and beantiful, and to hasten the maturity of the |.
Of the first half of the month, the mean heat was
73.6 degrees, or three above the mean of 21 years.
Sleven of the fifteen days were clear and fine;
more or less rain on fiye; the greatest heat being
86 degrees, : :
In the second half, the average was 64 4 degrees,
more than three below the average for the same
period for 21 years, Half of the 16 days gave
some rain, and two of them, the 17th and 28th,
much rain; the other eight, with parts of several
others, very fine,
Of the month, the mean heat was 687 degrees,
or two above the mean of this month for 21 years;
@ warmer month than August 1857. There was a
great rain on the 3d, and also on the 27th and 28th.
The quantity of water fallen was 2.7 inches.
The thunder shower of Wednesday, 18th, was
attended with high wind, and a gale. It began
here at 11-2 A. M.; at Utica, at 41-2; at Schenec-
tady, at 6-1-2; Troy, abont noon, and at Sheffield,
Berkshire county, Mass, at about 71-2P.M. The
wind was high in all its course, rain heavy, some-
times hail, and the velocity of the storm was about
45 miles an hour.
Aug. 5.—The Atlantic Telegraph Cable reached
Trinity Bay, Newfoundland, and Valentia Bay in
Treland, and signals were transmitted between
these places. The Cable was laid; a fact.
Aug. 16.—The Queen’s Message, by the Atlantic
Cable, came, and was transmitted along our Tele-
graph lines in the evening. Here, and in many
other places, there were sudden and high demon-
strations of joy oyer the event. As no arrange-
ments had been made, or could have been, the peo-
ple exulted, each in his own way and as the meazs
at hand enabled him. Bells, guns, pistols, cannon,
bands of musio, tin-horns, tin kettles, and all other
common and uncommon demonstrations were em-
ployed; not forgetting speech-making, where were
tongues and ears not afew. Praise and glory to
God were talked along the magic wire, and found
cordial response in worshiping hearts,
Sept. 1, 1858, o.D.
TERRIBLE Rartkoap AccipznTs—On the night
of the 2d inst. a terrible disaster occurred on the
Allegany Valley Railroad, near Hoppon’s Station,
twelve miles below Pittsburgh, Penn. The Kit-
taning train coming down, stopped at Tarentum
Station and hitched on a car containing a large
party returning from camp-meeting. When the
train reached the point mentioned, the Tarentum
car was thrown from the track by the breaking of
the cross bar connecting the brakes. The car
rolled down a steep embankment, turning over
twice, At the first reyolation the roof was torn
off and the passengers scattered over the ground,
mangling the bodies of some of them terribly,—
Miss Mary Ann, daughter of J. T. Kincade, of
Pittsbargh, was instantly killed, and a large nom-
ber more or legs injared. The killed and wounded
belong mostly in Pittsburgh.
On the same night as the train on the Northern
N. Y. road was coming into Albany, crowded with
passengers, a freight train on the Central road
backed down at the crossing, and ran into the last
car of the passenger train, upsetting it One per-
son was fatally injared and several severely
wounded.
Micuiaan Democratic SrarE CoNVENTION.—The
Democratic State Convention assembled at Detroit
onthe 2d inst, when the following nominations
were made:— Governor—Charles E. Stuart. Lieut,
Governor—George ©. Monroe, Secretary of State—
J.P, King. Sup’t of Public Tnstruction—D. C. Ja-
cokes, Zeasurer—Edward Kanter. Com. of Land
Ofice—John Ball. Auditor General—J. J. Adams,
Attorney General—J. G, Sutherland. Member Board
of Education— A. J, Moore. Resolutions were
adopted declaring adherence to the Cincinnati
platform; asserting the right of every people to
vote upon their constitution, if they so desire; ex-
pressing confidence in President Buchanan's ad-
ministration; and congratulating the country up-
on the settlement of the search and seizure ques-
tion on the basis of Gen. Cass! protest.
— -
MassacauseTts Democratic Strate CoNvEN-
TION.—This Convention on the 2d inst, nominated
the following ticket: — Governor — Erasmus D,
Bracn, Liew. Governor — Charles Thompson,
Charlestown. Secretary of State—John M. Cone,
Williamston. ‘Svate Treasurer —Silas Pierce, of
Boston. State Auditor—Seymour L. Meade, Nan-
tucket. Attorney General — Ezra Wilkinson, Ded-
ham. Series of resolations were adopted, declaring
the disposition of the Kansas question by the
rejection of the English bill, a final compromise of
all differences of opinion between Democrats
touching the Lecompton Gonstitation, the doctrine
of popular sovereignty, or the admission of new
States; endorsing the Cincinnati platform; calling
for a repeal of the Maine Law, &c.
Yeutow Fryer mw New Oxveans.—There were
ninety-two deaths from yellow fever at New Orleans
on Monday week. The New Orleans correspondent
of the N. Y. Journal of Commerce says:—“The fever
has become very serious with us—assuming as it
has, a type so malignant as in many instances to
thwart the best medical skill and nursing. How-
ever much indifference we may feel when we view
its ravages, accnstomed as we are to all manner of
afflictions, we still utter aloud the cry of warning
to all unacclimated strangers, and bid them in
God's name, stay away; there is death in the air
We breathe—death in the fiery rays of the sun at
noonday, and pestilence on the ebony wing of the
midnight breeze,”
A New Tenz¢z4rn IxstRvMENT.—According to
the Baffalo Courier, Mr. M. V. B. Buel, Managing
Operator of the Eastern Telegraph Office in that
city, has invented a new Telegraphic Instrament
which is believed to ba superior to any now in use,
By an ingenious arrangement of the machine, diz-
Patches can be sent over the same wire in opposite
directions simultaneously. The instrament will
send 48,000 letters in an hour, while the Hughes’
Tnstroment only sends $0,000 letters. The instru-
ment will soon be on exhibition.
Literary Dotices,
Essays in BioGRarzy axpD CnxiTicism, Parsr
Barss. ‘Second Series. Boston; Gould eit
Mn. Bary is the successor of Htcn Mriuxr in the
ditorial chair of the Edinburgh Witness, the organ of
‘the Free Church of Scotland. He is favorably known by
‘the first series of his Essays, as a writer of great
ey and considerable power. His style of writing is fervia
and intense, with more ornament perhaps than is consis~
tent with perfectly good taste, but his thoughts are
clear and just, and everywhere controlled by a firm atle-
giance to sound moral and Christian principles. His anal-
yeis of the Characters of KivGsiey and MAcaczay, and
his discussion of the relations of the Pulpit and the Press,
are worthy of special study. For sale by CoLs, ApAMs
&Co.
Tug Stony oP THe TELEGRAPH, and a History of the
Grest AtlanticCable. By nas. F. Baicos and Avaus-
mus Mavenick. New York: Rudd & Carleton.
Iya fine volume of 355 pages the authors give an an-
thentic and interesting history of the Atlantic Cable—a
topic which absorbs public attention at the present mo-
ment. As one of the earliest and most reliable works on
the subject it will be perused with avidity by those wish-
ing definite information concerning the inception and
Progress of the great achievment. It is a timely and
valuable book, illustrated with a steel engraving, various
wood cuts, diagrams and a folding-map—presenting in an
intelligible form a plan of the great Submarine Telegraph
and also the relative positions of America and Europe,
with nearly every telegraph line in both countries. It
embraces a complete history of the inception, progress
and accomplishment of the vast undertaking, as wellas of
land telegraphing, descriptions of the apparatus used,
and biographical sketches of the principal persons con-
nected with the Atlantic Telegraph. Fixup, Morse, and
other gentlemen associated with telegraphing by land
and sea are properly noticed, if mot immortalized in its
pages, For sale by STEELE, AVERY & Co,, 18 State st,
Tor Lira AND ADVENTURES oF Mas. RoGER SHERMAN
Porrer; together with an accurate and exceeding!
interesting account of his great achievments in Poll.
tics, Diplomacy, and War—all of which are here reveal-
ed out of sheer love for the martial spirit of this troly
ambitious nation, Illustrated by Huser. By ParLxg
VAN TRUSEDALE, who, without asking permission, re-
spectfully dedicates it to his friend and benefactor,
Jauxs BucHANAN, President of the United States.
New York, Stanford & Deliaser.
In addition to the above brief extract from the title
Page, the author furthermore declares that “this great
work was neither translated from the French, or prigged
from the unpublished work of any English author, but
was truly and honestly written for the especial benefit of
my publisher.” To which we respectfully add, after the
perusal of several chapters, that if a sufficient number of
copies are disposed of to benefit ‘the party of the second
part,” 8 great many other parties will be “sold” likewise,
Its 600 pages may contain much wit and wisdom, but we
can only commend the work as a powerful sedative, and
are surprised that an enterprising publishidg firm should
issue such a volume. For sale by Wa, ALLING.
Tus North British Review, for August, has come to
hand, and contains its usual quota of interesting articles.
Ita “Table of Contents” exhibits twelve papers, as fol-
lows :—Chautebriand, by M. Villemain; Gladstone's
Homer; State Papers—Pre-Reformation Period; Biblical
Interpretation—Epistles to the Corinthians; British Art
—Painting and Sculpture; The Modern British Drama;
Egypt and Syria— Western Influence; Researches on
Light—Sanitary, Scientifle and Zsthetical; Our Army in
India; The Literary Fund; Political Parties; Recent Pub-
lications, &. Lzovarp Scorr & Co,, New York, Pub-
lisbers, D. M. Dewey, Arcade, Agent.
ews Lavagraplis,
Tae Cabinet at Washington are busy with ar-
rangements for the expedition to Paraguay, which,
it is said, will be more formidable than heretofore
reported,
Groncr Couns, the eminent Scotch philosopher
and champion of phrenology, died at the Water
Cure of Moor Park, Surrey, England, on the l4thof
August, He was 70 years of age, In 1830 he
visited and lectured in this country.
Davin L. Grea, sent ont as U.S. Commissioner
to the Sandwich Islands, likes the country so well
that he has concluded to stay as Minister of Fi-
nance. There are no naturalization laws there,
nor apy requirement that the Sandwich Islanders
shall rule the Sandwich Islands. That braach of
business is generally confided to Americans and
Englishmen.
Prarie pu Caren, on the Upper Mississippi, is
represented to be a very fine town, of four thousand
inhabitants. A few years ago, it was a mere
hamlet,
Tue San Francisco Bulletin says a specimen of
gold-bearing quartz, two feet long, one foot broad,
and six inches thick, valued at $2,000, was taken
from a claim near Tuttletown, Tuolamme county.
A szconp Fraser River excitement is apprehend-
ed in Western Kansas, Recent arrivals at Law-
rence from the gold regions of Pike’s Peak, confirm
the reports of the existence of ore in abundance,
The company which left Lawrence in June, had
met with good success—the gold found being
similar to that of Fraser riverand California. Two
mep, with inferior implements, it is stated, washed
out $600 in one week, on agmall stream fifty miles
from Pike’s Peak,
A taw of Ohio requires Commiesionera to count
quarterly every dollar in the Hamilton County | ®!
Treasury. The work was performed last Tuesday,
when the Commissioners had $205,000 in cash to
manipulate, including $16,000 in gold dollars, and
23,000 pennies of the new coinage, As each coin
was handled separately, the work was not slight.
Tue Cooperstown Journal of Thursday, says that
an extensive blight pervades the entire hop dis-
trict of the State, more marked and destractive
than has been recorded for fifteen yeara past—
Some yards are more affected than others.
HantrorD (Conn,) papers announce the death
of Abiel A. Cooley, M. D.,aged76 years, He made
the first “locofoco” match ever made. He ob-
tained the first patent for pills ever taken out He
was the inventor of Cooley's liquid blacking—the
cam movement in pumpe—a foot printing preas,
and several other matters, which have been im-
proved and made usefal. Dr, Cooley wrought
more good in his day and generation, than half a
score of the most celebrated soldiers of the nine-
teenth century.
Briguam Youne ia eaid to be worth $3,000,000,
besides having the control of all the church
property in Utah. The latter exceeds in yalue all
the rest of the property in the territory, and is ex-
empted from taxation by the territorial law.
strong, | from violen
The Aews Condenser,
: = +3
— “Cable” hats are already Adverticed
for sale,
a Oregon State Government was organized July
—There are 50,000 Free.Wi
country, ill Baptists in this
—A Telegraph from London to
commenced’ ~ non to India has, been
— There
were 15 deaths in New York las
. ork lash we,
—The celebrated Humboldt si
he will die ion amboldt has predicted that
—Two hundred b
shipped at ea of apples a day are now
—The Navajo
tronkionsie ‘ee in New Mexico are
— Mozzini hasissued 1 i »
lamation to his flaws pepnaracteristio pros
—The late frost injured the
Massachusetts very mach. Sperry, orop of
—The cattle disease is sproadin, i
throughont South Carolina 3 Ue rapidly
—A whale was captured in
cester Co., Va, on the 9th ult.
— The Skaneateles Democrat says that sno
in that region ow Banday week. ‘ie “ou
—A paper in }} sota says the retail prio
a Minnesota Legis! is $500. ie
— Cows are dying in Cleveland, Ohio, in eat
numbers, from the black tongue. ae
— Martin Kozta, reported dead, is still living in
Medera county, Texas, and is well off,
— Crops for 1858 throughout Europe will fall
little if any short of the usual average,
—The telegraphic celebration on Wednesday
week was a great event in New York oity.
—Companies are being organized in Missouri,
to proceed to Frazer river via the plains,
—The British Bast India Company ceased to
exist a8 a corporation on Wednesday week,
— An agent has arrived in New York from Heyti
to induce free negroes to emigrate thither,
—On Genesee Fats is afield of 300 acres of
broomcorn, Enough to “sweep the State!”
—In some parts of Alabama and Georgia the
red rust is seriously injuring the cotton crop.
— There has been a financial orisis at Shanghae,
The new tea crop is of a very inferior quality.
— Dr. Harney, of the U.S. A., brother of Gen,
Harney, died at Baton Rouge on Sunday week,
—A letter from Old River Lake, Arkansas, Bay
the hogs are dying off by hundreds of the cholera,
—A woman, seven feet in height, was at the
American Hotel, Indianapolis, on Thursday week.
— A mass of copper weighing 4,300 pounds was
taken from the Ridge mine, Michigan, a few doys
ago.
— The Chicago Press states that there are nino
men awaiting trial for murder, in the jail of that
city. 7
—A vessel of 800 tuns burden is being built at
Green Bay, Wis, to go direct to Liverpool with
Tamber.
—A few days since, Mr. Charles W. Flint, of
Concord, Mass, shot a barn swallow that was pure-
ly white,
— The War Department has ordered Gen, Har-
ney to the command of the army in Washington
Territory.
North river, Glon-
— Every clergyman but one in Greenfield, Masa,
are sick, The health of the clergy thronghont the
country is bad.
— On the Troy and Boston Railroad is an “old
red hone,” standing in four towns, three counties,
and two States!
— Mra. Daniel Mitchel, of Rome, Ga, finds that
dried peach leaves will make as good yeast for
bread as do hope,
—A gentleman in Essex Co., Masa, plowed ina
thousand bushels of rotted potatoes and sowed
turnips, recently.
—All the peaks of the White Mountains were
capped with snow Tuesday week. A rare sight
for the dog-days,
— The heat the past summer {n Spain, has been
excessive. Almost every day the mercury bas been
100 in the shade,
— There arrived at the port of Boston daring the
month of August 71,970 tuns of coal, most of it
from Philadelphia.
— A German starved to death the other day in
Detroit. He was out of work, but preferred to die
rather than beg. :
—The N. O. Picayune notices a hunter of alliga-
tors, who has captured 400 in the swamps, near
that city, since May.
—A short time since, Samuel Cleayer, aged 101
years, went to work, as a reaper, in a field at Lea-
mington, England.
— Mr. Cyrus W. Field has crossed the Atlantic
twenty-one times in the service of the Atlantic
Telegraph Company, .
— An effort is making in Arkangas to induce the
Legislature to compel the whole colored popula-
tion to leave the State,
— The N, Y¥. Courier gives the bank-note cireu-
lation of the U, 8, this year at $160,000,000, against
$214,000,000 last year,
— The experiment of growing tobacco in Min-
nesota has proved successful—a heavy crop being
anticipated this year.
—Five thousand dollars have been raised at
Leavenworth, Kansas, to connect that city by tele-
graph to Boonville, Mo.
— In Milwaukee city, Wis, the people are taxed
at the rate of $2'87 for every man, woman and child
for city purposes alone,
—Itis settled that the charges of the Atlantic Tel-
egraph are to be one dollar a word, inclading
signature and address,
—A new ronte for an Atlantic Cable has been
ady pointed ont. It is through the Bermudas
and Fayal to Portugal,
—The Mayor of Providence, R. L, has refased to
license any more circuses in consequence of @ mur-
der committed in the last.
—Fonrteen days from Louisville to Washington
was the quickest time in 1824. Thirty-six hours
is the utmost required in 1858,
—The harvesting of the tobacco crop has com-
menced in Connecticut The average yield per
acre is said to be 1,500 pounds.
— The Indfanapolis Journal anys the corn crop
along the line of the Central Railroad promises
well, in a majority of the fields.
— Charters for fourteen different passenger rail-
roads have been granted by the Legislature of
Penn. for the City of Philadelphia.
— Gov ent having abandoned the attempt a“
improve Red river, two boata with the tackle whic!
cost $30,000, have been sold for ath ud
— The retail dealers of Philadelphia co
greatly of the amount of counterfeit pln} coin in
Circulation, especially quarters and dime: im
—Since the opening of the dog Renae a OG
city, 6,477 dogs have been brought Dy a 219
kilied; the remainder have been redeeme, Jf
—In the cheapest lodging houses at N. Y., there
are no beds in the spartments, but the occupanta
lay upon the floor in limita marked out by chalk.
— John W. White, a member of the Tenn. Legis-
lature, has been arrested for forging papers to se-
cure land warrants from the U. & Government.
SEPT. 11.
Forrign Jutelligence,
Arrival of the Pacific and Africa.
Tae new steamer Pacific, of the Galway and New
York line, arrived at St Johns on the 2d inst, and
the Africa at New York on same day.
Gaeat Barrarx.—The announcement of the col-
lision between the Arabia and Baropa, reached
England per Atlantic Telegraph, on the 20th, and
was the first public message sent East through the
Cable.
The ship Essel, with 75,000 ounces of gold, had
arrived from Melbourne.
A project ison foot for running a railway to
Valentia.
‘The fact that an inquiry could be sent from Lon-
don, and a reply of some length be received from
Newfoundland in two and a balf hours, had been
demonstrated in the matter of the collision be-
tween the Arabia and the Europa, and was regard-
ed with great satisfaction.
The American barque Champion arrived at Gib-
raltar on the 12th, having on board Mra Stanback,
the widow of the United States Consul, who was
recently murdered by the Torks, at Jaffa, together
with her family.
The messages which passed between the Queen of
England and President Bochanan over the wires of
the ocean telegraph cable, were published fn Lon-
don on the 23d August, and excited comment, ea-
pecially the dispatch of Mr. Bachanan
The Daily News says there is more of simple
dignity in the Qaeen’s message, but great grasp of
thonght in the President's response, with perbaps
a dash of ambitious straining after effect. The
News says, also, that it would have been better for
the President to have omitted the last paragraph.
Fraxce—The Emperor and Empress returned
to St. Clond on the eve of the 21st, from their tour
in it
The bombardment of Jiddah is said to have ta-
ken the French government quite by surprise, and
caused some uneasiness in Paris, but explanations
which were made to General Pellisier in London,
were considered satisfactory, and the uneasiness
subsided.
Some Italians had been arrested at Cherbourg
and Paria, and the Paria police were exercising a
marked snrveillance at the station of the Great
Western Railway,
The Government had been informed that Maz-
ina had left London.
The Monitenr announces that a Treaty had been
concladed with China, The ports are thrown open.
The Christian religion is allowed to be freely prac-
ticed. Foreign Consuls and diplomatic agents are
to be admitted to Pekin. An indemnity is to be
paid to England and France,
Avsrais.—The Empress of Austria was safely
delivered of a Prince on the 2lst of August.
Prossta.—The rumor is gaining ground that the
definite abdication of the King of Prussia has be-
come absolutely necessary. His disease is getting
worse, There are some fears that the event will
bring on a political crisis
Sraty.—The Spanish government has announced
4 deoree that all merchant vessels, whether native
or foreign, shall pay light-house duties only once,
Crwa.—The dispatch announcing the Treaty of
Peace, as sent to this country by the ocean tele-
graph, and also by the steamer Africa, still lacks
Positive confirmation, but is generally oredited in
Europe.
It reached the French Government throngh its
Embassy at St. Petersburg, where it arrived over-
land, being dated Tein-Sein, Aug, 7th—more than
three weeks later than the dates received in
England.
Commercial Intelligence.
BreApstorrs.—Richardson, Spence & Co, quote four
doll and 94 lower; Philadelphia and Baltimore 21s6d@228;
Ohio 21s@23.6d; New Orleans 22s6d@23a6d. Wheat firm,
but quiet. Red Western 6354@6e3d; Red Southern
6s104@6s2d; White Southern 681d@7s3. Corn dull and
nominal. Yellow 33s@34s; white 83@33s6d.
Paovisions.— Liverpool provision market generally
steady. Pork without alteration in rates, aod steady.
Lard firm,
Special Rotices,
SPASMODIC ASTHMA.—The most severe cases of
this dreadfal complaint haye been cured by a few doses
of Jonas Whitcomb's Remedy for Asthma, and in no in-
stance has it failed to give immediate relief, See ad-
vertisement.
PREMIUM LIST,
Keronua'a Parayt Mowing anp REAPING MAoHINE.
Tax authorized, by Mr. R. L. Howarp, to extend the |,
time to those contending for the Premium offered by him
to the 10th day of October. T, C, PETERS,
Darien, Genesee Co, N. Y.
SOMETHING TO DO,
Tae subscribers will employ agents of either sex in
every town and city, in « business which pays from $20 to
$28 per week. Sond stamp for return postage, for full
particulars. 8. M. MYRICK & CO., Lynn, Mass.
CROVER & BAKER'S
CELEBRATED
FAMILY SEWING MACHINES,
495 BROADWAY, NEW YORK.
“Horas nom numero nisi serenas."'
sie 1 NUMBER NONE BOT SUNNY HOURS.
Sox Diat, the most ancient registrar of
time, has
ee la Prevented from general use by the expense
necessary to made them ornamental, accurate, and dura-
4 bis. The undersigned has succeeded in
—
great beau:
and at a vo)
useful. No suburban residence,
factory should be withont this sien,
register of time. They can be sent safely
‘to any part of the United States, and are
farniahed ready for abipping at $15.—
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER.
The Great Pair of Western New York!
MONROE COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY'S
ANNUAL FAIR AND SHOW,
WILL BE BELD ON THE GROUNDS, NEAR ROCHESTER,
Sept 14th, 15th, 16th and 17th, 1858,
PROGRAMME OF THE FAIR-
TUESDAY—Will be devoted to making Entries, receiving Animals
aod Articles AD Animals must be entered on or before that day,
and all Implements, Fruits, Vegetable, Domestic Manufactures,
4c, during the fint two days of previous to tbe Fale
The Plowing Mateh at 5 o'clock, P.M.
WEDNESDAY—Will be principally devoted to the Exhibition
and Examination of Stock, Catt, Homes, Sheep, Swine, Poultry,
4c. In the afteroon m procemion of all the Homes entered for Exhl-
bition or Premiums will be made upon the Track, aud alo of Cattle,
0 fur a practicalibe
THURSDAY—Acricaltural Implements and Machinery, Fruit,
Vegetables, Dalry and Domestic Products and Manufactures, dtc,
‘Ac. will bo exhibited, and the Judges will make their Examinalious
and Awards
FRIDAY—Tbo Lact Day, the Premium. Animals will be formed
into a Procession at ten o'clock, A MM.
Tho Annual Addreas will be delivered at 11 o'clock, A.M,
on Priday.
The Equestrian Display will be at 2 o'clock, on Friday, and
Immediately after the Tait oF Honses ror Srrur axp Sruen
TERMS OF MEMBERSHIP—Life Membership, $10; Anvnal
Membership, $1. A Lif or Annual Member ticket entitles tho owner
and bis or ber fumily (with carlage) to admission to the grounds
daring the Fair.
ADMISSION FEES—Al non-members will be changed 15 cenia
admission
ACCOMODATIONS — Refreshments can be obtained on tho
grounds Hay and water will be provided for all animals entered for
premiums A portion of the grounds can be occupled by animals
and articles designed for sale Hay scales will be on tho ground for
weighing animals and articles, free of chanze.
{9 Pamphlets cootaloing Premium List, complete Rules and
Regulations, &c., can be obtaived of the President, at the office of the
Raral New-Yorker, or of tie Secretary, at tho Agricultural Rooms,
44 Arcade, Rochester, where entries can be made previous to the Fair,
SUPERINTENDENTS—f Grounds, L HL SormeR.ann ; of Cal-
tle, AC. Hoare ; of Horses, Asniey CoLvry ; of Floral Hall, Jas.
Vick ; of Domestic Mannfuctures, &c, 0. P BricHas; of Sheep, W.
R Boorn; of Swine, Rost. H. Brown; of Poultry, D. P. Neweut
OFFICERS—D. D. T. Moone, President; F. W. Lay, L 8. Sorn-
ERLAND, BM Baxter, Vico Presidents; I. S Hozsre, Secretary; E
‘SS Harwano, Treasurer; J H Waneen, D. D.S. Brown, Srarazs
Leccerr, S H. Gout», N.N. Taear, P. Barer, Directors.
Kansas anp Nepaaska News.—The Pike's Peak
gold excitement is on a rapid increase. Two old
Californians are making arrangements for working
the mines successfully, One company has left for
the gold region, and others are now organizing.
Governor Richardson, of Nebraska, has called a
special session of the Legislature for Sept. 2lst,
for the purpose of remodeling the laws of Territory,
many of which he alleges to be in conflict with
each other, and not offering ample security to life
and property.
Tr is a grand peach year down inSouth Carolina
and Georgia, and the finest specimens of that fruit
are vended in Augusta at fifty cents to a dollar a
bushel.
Markets, Commerce, &e.
NEW YORK. Sept. L—Tee curve prices for
wakes we ws blies: es
Osesnces SUNS Leroy Sen N ao
Cows axp Catres—First 7, SUES; Ordinary; HOGAS;
}, Inferior, -
a Cremer quay, $ Ib. S@EMe; Other qualities, 34¢
Sune ap Lawns—Prime per bend, j, Ord
nary, $3.7! y, Common, @AS), Loferior,
Swixe—Best com fed, 474 ge; Otber qualities p@Qusio.
BRIGHTON, Sept 2—At market—1000 Beef Qatie, 400 Stores
000 Sheep nod Lash 6 Seto -
oa
175; Gait 12@l 36. BM
The Wool Markets.
BOSTON, Sept 1—There bax been a moderate demand for Do-
ices. The sales of the week amount to 1K)000
Aew Advertisements,
Tenus oy Apvenrmnc :—Twonty-Fire Gents a Line, cach
insertion SpEciAL Norices—following reading matter, and leaded
—Fify Cents a Line, each insertion, IN ADVANCE. S9™*The elr-
culation of the RURAL New-YORKEX far excoes that of any similar
Jourpal in America or Europe, rendering it altogother the best Adver-
tising Medium of its class
G7 Tose of our renders purchasing articles advertised in the
RURAL, or who write to advertisory will please utate that they saw
tho advertisement in the Ronat New-Youwen
WANTED- A Partner in the Nurery bnsindss with $1,000 or
mora Inguire of J. FOS{SR, 91 Frank St, or of S8WRLL
FOSTER, Muscatine, Iowa. 453
YEOMAN’S FRUIT BOTTLE.
NEW, SUPPLY NOW READY f r tho Fall Trade.
453.3t T G. YROMAYS, Walworth, N.Y,
MITWS PORTABLE CORN SKE, cheap, darable,
and convenient Town and County Rights for sale
HENRY RUOMYEN, Lyons, Wayne Uo, Ageat for N. ¥. State.
Single Machines $°,50. 403
50.000 WHSONS ALBANY STRAWBERRY
A PLAsTs warranted true, $1 per 100; $12H) for 00,
S5,for, WOU) Parked fee of change Address JOSEPH CaUD-
WELL, Nurveryraao, Troy, N. x ASS
30,
APPLE TREES 4 years old; $14,010 do do 3 yrs;
‘90,000 do do 2 yrs; 2000 Floma2 yrs, aud 20,000
‘Osage Oravge Hedge Plants 2 yn All of the above extra stock.
For sale by C.F. WEAVER,
40%-2¢ Penficld, Mouros Co, N. ¥.
DEVON CATTLE, AND SOUTH-DOWN SHEEP.
T BANE FINE HERD OF THE ONE, and a choice Bock of
tho other—males and females,—which I will sell at fir prices, aud
‘a liberal credit, if applied for soon.
453-Steow, LEWIS F, ALLEN, Black Rock, N. ¥
MONROE ST. NURSERY, ROCHESTER, N. Y.
PHE Subscriber has for sele Apple, Pear, Cherry, Peach and
Plum Trees; also, Enropean Mountain Ash, Balsam Fir, and
Norway Spruce ‘trees 8 good variety of Strawberry Plants
and Currants. All to be sold at the lowest market prices, elther
wholesale or retali (465-26) B. BOARDMAN,
PEABODY’S STRAWBERRY.
50. 000 PROPAGATED FROM PLANTS received direct
from Mr. PEABODY, and warranted genuine, at prices
to suit the times—50 eauts per dox; $3 per bundred; $25 per thou-
saud Packed and delivered at tho Expreas Ollice, fres of
South Salem, Ross Co,Obin [M531]: HEFFRI
Borat New-Yoreer Orrice,
Rochester, Sept 7, 1853,
FLovr—Ths various brands hold same prices as last week Con-
siderable ts going forward and the market {s frm.
Gnaix—In Wheat we cannot alter xates althongh occasional par
celshave brought bighor Hgures than are quoted in our table of pri-
cea We notice enles of 4,000 bushols, new white Canada, from Wel-
Hogton Squares, at abont $1,30, and $,200 bushels, from kame polnt, at
$),28 The two lots were stricUly prime. Corn is firm at70 centa—
Barley has taken another etart of 62 per bush—first quality readily
brings 623¢c.
Provistows do not exhibit any marked change Poultry is begin-
ning to make its appearance on eale. See quotations.
Fans Propvce—Batter is op a little Honey—box—tis worth 15
@Néc, as te quality. Potatoes aro down to 25@S73zc per bush.
Frust—A few Peaches sre on sale in our streets and are taken
quickly at $2 per basket—about one-half busbel—for No.1. We note
the receipt this A M, from up the Genesee Valley—in the nelghbor-
hood of Cnylerville—of 120 barrels of “Green Sweeting,” for a
Philadelphia house. ‘There have been sent to same destination about
6500 barrels this summer. A new and doubtless good market ls now
‘opened {n the “ Quaker City” for the products of our orchards.
Rochester Wholesale Prices.
Produce and Provision Markets,
NEW YORE, Sept 6 —Flour—Market dull, and prices are
SQUO cents dower Sales at 100 for common to cholce
super H xia
five Thinols, Wi
im and extra do;
ror
‘Gratx—Wheat is firm wiih a moderate demand x
Gumaged Milwankee club; 10le prime Chicas song i bias
x god Kentucky; 110@)1900 for ed Southern,
FW
nil; sales made at 75(a)7 6c.
{onl 62@)75. Corn dull and deciisiog; sales at
1760 good mixed Western; 96@)70' yellow Sou
<@S8e for Btate and Western.
and lower. Sales at $17,40@
1780 for mes SUBU@IB G0 for prise, $18 i0G1G80
i mess) 80 for prime; $18 4 Palme
pre Nit aera elie Ms ’ \t re eta iT ‘ica
selling °
State Tinese at ares woul a
ALBANY, Sept. 6—Floor and Meal—The market for Flour is
steady, but not acti
leg at SLikaee ive, and the recelpts moderate. Corn Meal is sell-
‘GRAIN—Wheat Is freely offered, bat at prices above the views of
buyers, 60d no sales bave tre red. Com Is telling lowly but at
“aS tales Western
request at lower prices; aales wew Ruato at 453
Amonkd, gross weight 22 ths
tare, aM
— net wh 15's Ths
‘Weight of molasses, Sy Sugar. Molasses.
— petwi7ibs Sk ibs
Adds ths.
a *
— bet wt. 10
‘weight of molasses,
ross weight,
tare,
tm
— netwt 4igtts 5X Is
AW molasses made from the tops, as above, 13k
Total weight of product of 200 feet ofa row, the. 150 S735
Pitty rows, four feet apart and two hundred and
fost long, constitnte an acre, and two
hundred fect of a row is loss than one-titiech
Dart of an acre by eighteen fret therefore, add
ae 103245
Product offose-aniets part of = ees
Makipb by Dart of aa acre in ths a mare
Pradoct of an ner ist Sa is
A gallon of mo!
lasses weighs twelve pounds,
therefore, divide 1,485 by 12, and we have, gallons,
123,75.
For the sore 6254 pounds sugar,
molasses, produced from 13143 Saas
By gallons juice, weighing nine ponnds per gal-
PD, or 15,633 pounds, being four per cent, of sugar
and 9.50 per cent. of molasses, or 18.50 per cent
together,
This sugar is of a yellowish
as dry as, and about the color
Caba sugar, such as is used byin
Ture Exrzencent.—Oot. 23, temp. 8 A. M. 36°,
M. 55°, foggy.—The foregoing favorable progress
indaced me to make another trial, on a larger
scale. The weather looked threatening, and asa
precaution, I cut five hundred feet of canes, and
stored it in the barn, to be used in quantities con-
fo: to my means of working.
fa iettn having elapsed since the first
polariscope observation was taken, and two weeks
since the second practical experiment, having had
several heavy frost, and three nights of ice, one-
eighth to three-sixteenths of an inch in thickness,
I concluded to have another examination by po-
larized light, to see the effect of these changes,
when I was gratified to find the following result;
jnice weighing full 10° Besume:
First observation, right sa)
Add ten per cent for dilation, 5.955 PD right
After inversion, “pp
‘Adid ten per cent. as abore, 092 temperatare 259 2°2 left.
Sum of inversion, oT
This sum of inversion, (62°.7,) at temperature
25°, indicated 79.06 grammes of sugar per litre of
juice; then, as 204.24 : 18.82 :; 79.06 : 7.29 per
cent. of sugar in the juice.
Oct. 24, temp. 8 A. M. 54°, noon 60°, fog and
rain.—Ground 100 feet; canes 160; gallons juice
183; 10° B.
Oct. 26, temp. 50°, -60°, heavy rain.—Ground 100
feet; canes 169; gallons juice 184; 10° B.
Oot, 27, temp. 46° -529, yery stormy.—Ground
100 feet; canes 166; gallons juice 18 1-16; 10° B,
Oct. 28, temp. 40° -52°, Clondy, N. W.—Ground
100 feet; canes 149; gallons juice 16g; 10° B.
Oct. 29, temp. 43° -489, clear, N. E.—Ground 100
feet; canes 148; gallons juice 147; 10° B,
These several parcels were clarified like the
second experiment, boiled to 15° and 18° Beaume,
and set aside till November 2d, when I found all
but the last day’s work had changed to a thick,
liver-like mass, resembling good soft soap, very
acid, and totally roined. The last parcel, having
stood a much shorter time than the rest, was bat
partially affected. It was boiled to proof, and
crystallized very well.
I regret this misfortune less for the trouble it
cost me than for the failure of the experiment, for
it worked beautifally in the first stagos, and the
last grinding oryetallized freely. The juice weigh-
ed heavier than previous or subsequent parcels,
and would probably haye produced better results.
Tt taught me, however, the danger of delay, and
also that no injury had been sustained by the juice
80 long as the canes remained unground, the last
parcel having orystallized perfectly.
[To be Continued.]
BEES AND BEE-HIVES.
MY EXPERIENOE.—NO. IIL.
Havine now decided pretty nearly as to the size
of the hive, (2,000 cubic inches) it remains to decide
what shape we shall have. This is aquestion that
many have decided for themselves, and among the
infinite variety of forms, hardly one can be found
without some one to adyocate it,—“ that it is a lit-
tle better than any other—a swarm in this hive
will get more honey by many pounds than one in
that.” This we have heard until a great many
sensible men haye come to the conclusion that
very little of the vigor with which a swarm labors,
for the first season, at least, depends on the shape
of the hive. Even after combs, bees, and honey
haye been transferred from the common hive to
the moveable frames of Mr, Lanastxorn, it might
be attributed by some to imagination, when it was
asserted that the bees labored “more vigorously
than before.” It will soon be time for patent ven-
ders to adopt some other method—give some other
reason for adopting a new hive than the one:—
“They will make more honey than on any other
plan.” Bees will store honey and work vigorously
in a;flour barrel, nail keg, a hollow tree—even a
chicken coop will answer. All these will do for
the first summer, if sufficient room is afforded—
the quantity of honey will be nearly the same in
all. Facilities for managing subsequently, are all
important.
Many of our patent hives have gained one point
that would be of some adyantage, were it not that
in gaining it they have added difficulties to more
than balance all the good. In trayeling through
the country, we find the finished bee-house and ex-
pensive fixtures accompanying a few empty patent
hives—nine-tenths of all who haye attempted to
work with them have ended thus in about three
years, showing, conclusively, that something is
wrong. The only good to be discovered to bal-
ance this eyil was, it gaye the bee-keepers the idea
of obtaining surplus honey without killing the
bees—as they all recommend something for that
purpose, It is preferable to managing with the
brimstone pit, and may be worth the sacrifice,
There are some enemies of bees, and some dif-
ficulties in managing, that we are all anxious to
get rid of, as far as practicable. For instance,
Sometimes in cold weather the mice will enter the
hiye and commit depredations, destroying bees,
comb, and honey. Hence the suspended hive to
ayoid them. The inclined bottom board in seyeral
forms was now added to this to throw ont the
Worms; giving rise to several patents. Some-
times, in yery hot weather, combs, fall of honey,
would break loose and settle to the bottom. To
Prevent it, the hive was made smallest at the bot-
tom—Werss’ patent When a colony of bees
Toses its queen, and has combs containing eggs or
Young larvie, it will rear another. Here was a
chance for several kinds of dividing hives. Brood
combs, when used several years, become black and
thick from the number of cacoons left by the
young bees. Hence the necessity of changing the
combs after atime. This principle has been pro-
lific in varieties. Colonies of bees, with room to
extend their combs in a place perfectly dark, sel-
dom swarm. Hence several forms of non-swarm-
ers. The depredation of the moth has brought
out many hives that are offered to us as proof
against them. Relative to the last, I would re-
mark that no hire has yet been invented that is safe
from the attacks of the moth, without a good col.
ony of bees to defend it. When the bees get ont,
the worms get in.
Tt cannot be expected that I haye used ever;
variety of hive that has been constructed, but the
principle of b een pretty welltested. Mrs
Gurerie, of New Jersey, is said to have invented
the “suspended chamber hive, with inclined bot-
tom board.” Mr. Wesxs adopted Mrs. Gairrira’s
hive,"with the addition of making the bottom
smaller than the top, to prevent the combe from
settling down—as point on which he obtained a
patent Those that have adopted the suspended
hive have copied Mra Garrirs more extensively
than Werks, yet I find nearly all suspended hives
called “Weeks’ hive.” It is frequently the case
that a patent is obtained on 8 point so trifling that
it is often left out as non-essential by makers ina
shorttime. In purchasing # patent right, it has
been recommended, first, to ascertain that the
thing is and then whether the part coyer-
ed by a patent is worth the money asked for it
The simple chamber hive is made with two
spartments; the lower and largest is for the per-
manent residence of the bees; the upper, or cham-
ber, for the surplus boxes. Its merits are these:—
The chamber affords all the protection necessary
for boxes of glass or wood—considered asa coyer,
itis never lost. Its demerits are inconvenience in
handling, it occupies more room if put in the
house in the winter—if glass boxes are used only
one end can be seen, and this may be fall, while
the other may hold some pounds yet, and this can-
not be known till it is taken ont. Now, if it is re-
turned to have the bees finish it, the disturbance
will cause the bees to remove the honey into the
hive below, whenever the flowers yield a scanty
supply. If this chamber was simply a loose box,
it would be out of the way when handling, or in
the house, and can be raised at any time when the
boxes are being filled without the least disturbance
of the bees—the boxes examined on every side,
and the precise time of their being finished ascer-
tained, (that is when made of glass) when, if we
want the combs in the utmost purity, they should
be taken off, M. Quiusy.
St, Johnsyille, N. ¥., 1953.
MISSOURI STATE FAIR
Eps. Rurat:—Thinking a short account of the
Fair now in progress in this city might interest
your readers, I take the liberty of sending you the
following sketch. The grounds of the Society are
situated about three miles from the center of the
city and are the most complete in their arrange-
ment of any it has been my fortune to see. One of
the first things to attract the visitor’a attention as
he enters the gates, is the immense amphitheatre, I
have not heard its capacity stated, but should think
it would readily seat fonr to five thousand people,
In the center is provided a stand for the judges,
and also for a band which daily adds the charm of
masic to that of the smiles of the fair ones who
occupy a goodly share of the long tiers of seats
rising one above another. Aronnd the amphithea-
tre are grouped the other buildings for the exhi-
bition of the thousand different articles always
found at a State Fair, These buildings, are many
of them, “got up” in @ substantial and tasteful
manner.
Nearest the gate stands the edifice devoted to
the Fine Arts. Here were some very well executed
portraits of public personages, also a few fancy
pieces and compositions of surpassing beauty and
indicating realmerit inthe artist. There were also
the usual number of daguerreotypes, photographs,
and the like, plainly showing that St Louis is not
behind her neighbors in this line. A thousand
things in this Department claim a word of remark
and praise, but must be passed by, for the oyer-
whelming attraction of Fruits and Flowers,
Floral Hall is a circular building, graceful and
attractive in design. Standing in the eastern en-
trance, one would almost imagine he had found the
reality of those gorgeous dreams of the Arabian
Nights. Immediately before you is a fountain ris-
ing in a single jet some eight or ten feet, then fall-
ing into a picturesque basin of rocks half coyered
by rich green moss, which seems to grow luxuri-
antly on all sides. Just back of this miniature
lake rises a rocky cliff, from a projecting point of
which, drips a neverfailing spring. Apparently
growing from every crevice in the rocks, are splen-
did specimens of the Ficns and Laurel, also a fine
show of coniferous plants—intermixed with these,
and giving variety to the whole by their brilliant
flowers and varied foliage, are Salvias, Bignonias,
Petunias, Dwarf Phloxes, and Lycopodiums. On
the side of the cliff, opposite to the fountain, are
gracefal festoons of Arbor Vitw, encircled by ivy,
seeming a fit dwelling for some fairy mistress of
the grove.
Around this grand centre piece, which is gotten
up by the Society, are the various shows of I'rnits,
Flowers and Plants. The exhibition of apples is
very fine, among them I noticed very fine speci-
mens of Maiden’s Blush, which ripens here about
the middle of August, also Summer Queen, very
fine, and immense specimens of the Alexander,—
some of them measuring about five inches in diam-
eter. The White Bellflower and Large Red Ro-
manite are favorites In thiscountry. The Michael]
Henry Pippin and Rambo are highly valued for
their long keeping qualities. Among pears, the
favorite sorts appear to be much the same as in
New York. They all mature much earlier here,
however. The Seckel, for example, is now rather
past its prime. The exhibition in this department
is rather limited, though the specimens are almost
unlimited in point of size. The show of peaches
was very good indeed, considering that the season
for them is nearly past.
This section of the country will, I think, in afew
years vie with Western New York in the beauty
and variety of the fruit it produces’ Many fine
orchards are now growing, and the number is
being annually increased. The show of green-
house and trepical plants was emall, though it con-
tained some interesting specimens, among which
we noticed a very large plant of the Cycas Rev-
oluta, or Sago Palm.
Tn the Agrioultaral and Mechanical department
we noticed an uncommon variety of labor-saving
implements, Sewing Machines; also very hand-
somely carved cabinet work. The show of Agri-
cultural Machinery seemed, by mutaal consent, to
be voted small; there was, however, a goodly
number of Threshers and Mowers. The display of
Horses and Cattle, althongh small, contained some
splendid animals. Black Hawk and Morganstock,
which seems to be a favorite one in this region,
was shown in perfection. Several of the young
horses equaled, we venture to say, in style and
symmetry of proportions, anything to found in
this country. There seemed * pe 9 generally ac-
knowledged want of & 40d course on which to
try the speed of many of the horses entered, all the
trotting being confined to the ring of the amphi-
theatre. The entries of blooded cattle were limited,
There were a few fine Devons and some Bramah
cattle. Of Native Stock, there were some
handsome cows also some immensely fat speci-
mens.
Altogether, I may say that the Fair has so far
proved a brilliant success; it is estimated that
there have been from twenty to twenty-five thou-
sand people on the grounds daily since the open-
ing. It is interesting to watch the crowd which
nightly collect upon the pavement before the far-
famed Planter's House to discuss the sights and
wonders of the Fair as well as the price of stock
and Gavernment lands, for this spot seems to be
selected by mutual consent as a Merchant's Ex-
change.
St Lonis, on the whole, seems to be the most
Prosperous and active city in the West. Business
men here appear to haye suffered less from the
universal depression than {n any other place I
have visited. Splendid buildings are being erected
on all sides; the city is growing rapidly,—the back
country also, is being settled by cultivators of the
soil Here seems to be ¢he place for an industrious
young man, no matter what his business,
St. Louis, Sept. oth, 1858. W.E.B.
CHEESE AND CHEESE-MAKING,
Eps, Rurat:—An April No. of your valuable
paper contained an article on Cheese and Cheese-
Making with a request that more might be far-
nished. Ihave waited long and patiently, but asyet
have seen none, If some of the good cheese-
makers Past would give, through the Rugae, their
mode of making, they would confer a great favor
on many Western people who are ambitious to
make a good article.
I would like to know the best way of preparing
rennet?—how long the milk should stand after the
rennet is putin before the “curd comes?—whether
it makes a difference what kind of knife is used to
cnt the curd provided it is smooth and long enough
to cut to the bottom of the tub?—whether the curd
should be broken with the hand after outting?—
how much and in what way it should be warmed or
“scalded” ?—how much salt used by weight; mea-
suring in a teacup is hardly safe, they vary ao much
in size; how the curd is cut or prepared for the
press?—how long a cheese should remain in press?
—how we can decide whether or not we apply the
proper amount of weight, (we use the old fashioned
lever press.)
I am aware that it will tax the patience of some
body to reply to all these queries, but trust the con-
sciousness of having performed an act of beneyo-
lence will be a sufficient reward if any one shonld
take the trouble to do it. When J take the pre-
mium at the Mich. State Fair, (I intend to do it in
less than ten years if life and health continue,) I
will let my “light shine” for the good of others,
and will never tell a poor ignoramus, like myeelf,
who is thirsting for knowledge that “itis nothing
to make cheese if you only get your milk just the
right heat, and jus¢ rennet and salt enough, scald
the curd and press the cheese just about right’—
and when asked how this is to be done, gay “ haye
the milk a little more than milk-warm, put in ren-
net according to your judgment, and salt according
to your taste, but you can’t tell by the taste of the
curd how salt the cheese will be; the salt runs off
some in the whey,— have the whey you scald with
ao that you can just pnt your hand to the bottom
withont burning it, (some hands will bear fifteen or
twenty degrees more heat than others.) and tell by
the looks of the cheese whether it is pressed right,”
No, I will know how good cheese is made and be
able to inform others. I had no idea I was writing
so much, and owe an apology to the Runa for en-
croaching upon valuable time, but I can’t make a
good cheese, and I desire early information on the
subject of cheese-making and the manner of keep-
ing cheese from those who are possessed of expe-
rience. Will they give it? A BusscriBer.
Coldwater, Mich., 1858.
INQUIRIES AND ANSWERS.
PLASTER ON Meapow Lanp.—I would like to
derive a little information from farmers in relation
to the benefit to be derived by sowing plaster at
this season of the year on meadow land, some of it
timothy, some clover, and some timotby and clover.
The soil, some of it, is loam, and some a stony, hai
wet soil in spring, and fall, but dry enough now.
How many bushels to the acre ifany at all? Like-
wise for sowing it on wheat; whether to sow with
the wheat and drag in or wait till the wheat is up,
or not sow at all, coil same as above? Will lime
pay to sow on wheat land of thia description when
it costa 18 cents per bushel and 5 miles to draw?—
If so, about what quantity to the acre, and how
should it be put on?—C, A. Russ, Oswego Falls,
N. ¥, 1858.
Best True ror Sgepina OxcHarp GRass,— A
friend of mine requests me to ask of you, or some of
your correspondents, information aa to the proper
time and manner of putting in orchard grass seed.
—O0. J. P., Hesperian Plains, Ohio, 1858.
Remanks.—In ceeding orchard grase, it should
neyer be put in alone, except for the sake of rala-
ing the seed—mix with clover when for pasture or
hay. Seeded by itself, two bushels (twenty-four
pounds,) per acre is generally used—if with clover,
one bushel is sufficient It may be sown early in
the fall, after wheat or rye, or in the spring, after
oats. It is frequently sown in the spring on winter-
wheat, but much of the seed never germinates.—
When sown after oats, the litter should not be very
thick, and should be cut early, if the main object
is to have the ground well set with grass.
Bh eek
Wrvrer Barey.—I inquired, thro’ the Rona,
about one year ago, for information in regard to
Winter Barley, and from what was published on
the subject, was induced to sow 28 acres. of fallow.
It was threshed by Danrex Ssars, in about four-
teen honrs, and, according onr tally, there is 1,400
bushels of it—making the average 50 bushels per
acre. From experience in this single crop, and
what I hear from others in this vicinity, I think I
can recommend it to those who are inquiring,—
“What shall we sow?”—Huou MoVeay, Srotts-
ville, N. Y. 1858.
zunal Biseellany,
Tas Psovinctan —
ments for this great gathering at > asa
proaching completion. The Canadian Agriculture:
states that the “Crystal Palace is finished, and the
fittings up are actively proceeding with, All that
now remains to look for isan adequate Tesponse
from the country, by means of visitor, stock, and
material, which it is believed the result will justity,
The Show will commence on the 28th inst, and
terminate, so far as the Live Stock is concerned,
on the Ist of October, but it has been determined
by the Board of Agriculture to keep open the
Crystal Palace an additional week, in order to give
the public ample Opportunity of carefully inspeot-
ing the numerons Productions of Canadian inge-
nuity and skill, with which the eapacious building
willabound. Exhibitors, theref
9 ‘ore, are requested
to leave such non-perishable Articles as they can
conveniently for another week, This arrange.
ment will, it is hoped, prevent the ‘usual over-
crowding for a day or two, annually complained
of, and afford ample opportunity for our Manufac-
tarers, mechanios, and artists to bring their pro-
ductions in a favorable manner before the public,”
=
Morr Asrsnrcan Horses ror Narongon IIf.—
Abont one year ago the Emperor of the French
purchased, through an agent in Boston, a few
specimens of Vermont Trotting Stock, and these
Save such satisfaction that an order for additions
to his stable was recelyed recently, and, on the 4th
inst, three Morgan three year-olds, standing each
fifteen hands three inches, and of a royally dark
brown, were sent out by the Ariel, to be landed at
Havre, and thence forwarded to the Emperer at
Paris. Speaking thereupon, Porter's Spirit of the
Times remarks:— There is one good effect that
will certainly attend this second imperial importa-
tion of American horses, and that will be, to draw
the general attention of France to the qualities of
this superb breed of roadsters, and to render their
introduction fashionable. The horse business of
New England may therefore be considered on the
rise,”
oe —___
Canapa WakAT—Paopvor, Quaumy.—Colbome
—situated just across the lake from Rochester—ia
fast becoming the centre of a large grain trade.—
The Transcript, of Sept. 10th, says:—“ On Saturday
last the largest purchases were made of any day
since harvest, Itwas a continual stream of teams
nearly all day, and the quality of the grain we
have neyer seen equaled in this region, Threeor
fonr American gentlemen who are engaged in the
wheat trade, unanimously pronounced Colborne
wheat the best average sample they had seen be-
tween London, C. W., and Kingston. The price to-
day is about a $1 for Spring and about $1,25 for
ordinary Fall wheat, while occasionally a very su-
perior load was taken at a $1,380."
——_-+-__
Crors tN InzLanp.—The Cork Examiner, in an
article upon the harvest in Treland, says:—“The
sickle is already busy on all sides, and a traly
golden harvest is falling beneath its stroke. The
crops of all kinds are so abundant and ao entirely
free from even the appearance of disease or
failure, that this may be called the firat year of
plenty since the famine. The yield of all prodace
is far beyond the measure of the best yeara we
have had for a long time, and the country may at
length congratulate {itself in the assurance that the
trials are at an end. Byen the potato seems all at
once to have recovered the firmness and sweet-
ness of its best days. In point of prosperity Ire-
land need enyy no country in Europe at the pres-
ent moment.”
Sorcaum iN Inxninois.—Some of the Illinois
farmers agree in saying that the amount of sugar
raised in that State this year from the Sorghum
cane, will exceed in amount—including, of course,
the molasses made in the same process—that of
any other one product or article of export grown
and manufactured in the State. Tho Cincinnati
Times thinks this is an exaggerated statement, but
adds, “there can be no doubt the amonnt is really
very considerable, and that sugar may hereafter
be regarded as one of the staple productions, not
only of Illinois, but of most of the Northwestern
States.”
An OLp VeTeRAN.—Says the Burlington Sentinel,
“the ‘Royal Morgan,’ well known as the ‘Steele’
or ‘Cream horse,’ is 37 years old. He {a owned by
John Gregory, of Northfield, Vt, who has declared
his intention to exhibit the old veteran in harness
at the State Fair, to be held in Burlington the
present month. He eatsno hay, but subsists chiefly
on meal, oats, shorts, potatoes, &c,, and appears in
4 thriving condition. His step fa still quick and
nervous, and he trota as square asever. He will
be quite a curiosity, as he fs the oldest horse
known to be living.” -
Povtrry 1x ENoLANp.—In the Liverpool market,
as stated by Mr. Howard in the Boston Cultivator,
live poultry of all the noted breeds is abundant
A Dorking cock and two hens, good ones, were
held at £2. Like lots of Spanish fowls, gold-
pencilled, silver-pencilled and silver-spangled
Hamburgs and Games of different sub-varleties
were from 15a to 10s. each. Shanghals were
considerably lower, and some Jersey Blues from
America were held st higher prices than the pure
Orientals, as they shonld be,
+
Ono Starz Fark.—A telegram from Sandusky,
on the 13th inst, says:—“ The city is fall of strang-
ers, and the arrangements for the State Fair are
complete. The number of entries already made {a
2,000, and the Fair will be the finest ever held in
the State. The exhibition of horses and cattle will
be superior in every respect to any that has before
taken place in Ohio.”
Lzz County (iui) Fam. —The First Annual
Fair of the Lee Co. Ag. Society will be held at
Dixon instead of Amboy, as heretofore announced,
Time, Oct. 20th, 21st and 22d.
AMIL! 5s COUNTIES — The Annual
ee H. Co. Society, will be
the 28th inst
Foro 4xp H
Exhibition of the F. au
held at Johnstown, Tues447,
baad “oss.
-_-——
Society, holds its An-
Tae Chautanque Co. Ag y
nnal Fair at Fredonia, Sept. 21st, 224, and 23d.
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND
_FAMILY. NEWSPAPER.
ich is very easy
ple, keeps the fruit from the ground, and
Orchavd and Garden.
THE AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
sear Beanty, W. 7 . ko
inictonciina tanoinen| Domestic Cronomp,
eeu descost and Steven's
pro} well, both as standard and dws Y
daga excepted.) _ "paage
parallel, and are about eighteen inches apart, and | my experience partly resembles that of Mr. CLARKE, "
Tas Society holds its next meeting, as we have CAKE RECIPES—GOOD VINEGAR,
before announced, in New York, on the 14th inst.
Our journal, which is dated on Saturday, goes to
press on the Tuesday previous Our large cizcula-
tion renders this necessary. This will be on the
first day of the meeting, and, of course, we shall be
able to give no report this week. On Monday
morning we start for New York to take part in the
Convention as well as to report the proceedings for
our pages The Nao York State Agricultural So-
ciety has appointed the following delegates: —
Cuas. Downtxo, Gzonce Evtwaxoes, E. 0. Frost,
Louris Menanp, Herman Wenpeii, Joun C. Jack-
son, R. H. Luptow, L. G, Morris, Josera Frost,
and James Vick, The Genesee Valley Horticul-
tural Society appointed H. E. Hooxgr, Cuas.es M.
Hooker and James Viox, delegates; and the Frat | #
Growers’ Society of Western Nao York the follow- 5
ing:—P. Baney, RocngsTsr; H. E. Hooker, Roch- | LANGWORTHY’S METHOD OF TRAINING TOMATOES.
ester; T. C. Maxwsut, Geneva; Dr, SyivesteR,| Speaking of training Toma
Lyons; J. B. Eaton, Baffalo; W. B. Sarrs, Syra- | one trained in this is £0 ae aes et
cuse; W. P. Townsznp, Lockport. ornamental object. Taste will show itself, in some
— Way, and we have seen the old gardener, or the
ey with a love of flowera, when confined to the
city by uncontrollable circams it
Tue weather for the past week or two has been i le or even a broken oe eee ups
extremely warm, and for the last three or four | would not disgrace the most, costly conservatory.
days the thermometer has reached ninety degrees, | The gentleman that raised this plant is confined
‘The result is that all our fall fruits are ripening | to a small city lot shaded by old trees—a moat un-
very fast—the pears, perhaps, a little too fost, for | forbidding place for growing an object worthy of
unless they are closely watched, where a good | notice, and yet he has succeeded with tho unpre-
many varieties are grown, some specimens will be | tending tomato in growing a plant so beautiful
found fallen or spoiled on the trees, We never} that jt has been viewed with astonishment and
saw 60 great a progress in the ripening of fruits, | delight by handreds. Indeod, great has been
HORTICULTURAL GOSSIP.
in so short a time, as has been made in three or | the demand for sced of this nao varlety, Bat,
Isabella Grapes | alas! in the hand: i
are now as near matority as they were last year at | jt Ai be cay eat Be Bee
: covered with tomatoes that will never ripen, and
culty in ripening Isabellas perfectly, and Catawbas | the few that do ripen coated with dirt, We have
four deys of the past week.
the setting in of winter. There will be no diffi-
would ripen this season, we think, with fair treat-/ had our artist take an engraving of this
ment. We did think of desoribing a few varieties | which we present to our how 4 a a we
of pears now in perfection, but as tho list is along | oounted one hundred and thirty tomatoes, of
one, and this froit will be pretty freely talked | various sizes, over twenty had been picked and
about at the Pomological Convention, we forbear. | about a dozen more were fully ripe, while a score
A. Faosr & Co. presented us with several fine | or so more were coloring. The plant coyera a
specimens grown on their beautifal dwarf trees, | space ten feet in height and abont nine in width.
and Exiwancrr & Banry did the same. Pears :
are now plenty in our market, but we cannot say
they.are cheap. They sell readily for from three
to four dollars per bughel; peaches are scarce, and
bring about the same price.
More than a dozen varieties of plums are now
ripe, and among them we notice the Victoria, Coe's
Golden Drop, and Ponds Seedling—the latter a
mammoth, as will be seen by the engraving:
A MODEL TOMATO PLANT,
One of our market gardeners informed us that
he had picked 450 bushels of tomatoes from the
Plants grown on three-quarters of an acre.
The White Grub is doing a good deal of mischief
to strawberry plants in some locations, as well as
to potatoes, We fear we must give up all hopes of
4 show of Dablias this fall, as the insect that
ipjores the potato tops is killing the buds as
fast as they appear. At first the mischief was
charged to the grasshoppers, bat a close examinoa-
tion proved the enemy to be the Phytocoris, which
has been charged in the Ruran and other papers
by Mr, Henperson with being the cauee of the
potato rot, ‘This little mischievous insect, we
think, is beginning to tread on dangerons groond.
The florists will find something to give him
“fits” if he persists in destroying their flowers,
Mr, Jerrazys, of Canandaigua, informs us thatthe
borer is destroying the Mountain Ash trees in that
village; that of late they are suffering more than
the loonsta,
POND'S SEEDLING,
In making our visits to the fruit gardens last
week, we found ourselves, one warm afternoon,
at the grounds of H. N. Lanaworrny, about
five miles from the city, on the Ridge Road.
This place consists of about ten acres, and when
it came into the possession of ita present owner,
about three years since, it was in a very dilapidated
aS ae
laid ao them, in the manner shown in the en- | have a quince tree, both of which this spring had
graving.
standard Sheldon pear scarcely two paces from the
TREE MIGNONETTE.
Havine been very succesful for some years in
Srowing fine specimens of this, the result of my ex-
my garden I | perience may not be unacceptable to your readers.
T generally sow in four-inch pota about the end
their annual visits from an insect which attacks | of March, or beginning of AGH according to the
the extreme points of the young shoots, The | number of standards required. Th
effect is at the point of the shoot, which shrivels | maiden loam and Jeatmonld ine Shed
Ens Rvmar:—Having read many valuable re-_
—l any ible re-
ye a regen zene qxcellentsepardagmughs |
§ contribute my mite in sending a few
that have found to be ates :
Sorr Caxrn—One cup of sugar; ;
ARR gar; 1 egg; a piece
otha the size of anegg; { ofa cup of sweet milk;
‘aspoon of cream tartar; half as much soda.
ANOTHER.—One onp
ual quan’ ne cup of sugar; 1 .
up and acts aa an encasement for the egg deposited | with a little well-rotted manure ne eae quantities b 5 1 egg; 4 cup of
The case is this:—At each end of |
matter; 1 cup of buttermilk; a teaspoon of sod
therein, where it finds protection until the process | I drain and fill the pots in the usual Coox1z.—One and one-half ee.
f way, b .
of life and maturity shall have ripened the inhabi- | not press the soil too firmly. I smooth A of butter; } cup of battermitk; teanrose af aa
2. ”
tants’ instinct to “move on” This blight, as many | and put a pinch of seed in the centre of each pot, | Tol! them rather thick and bake quick.
knom, de ae sledinsk epensenge, and effec, 7 SURE silat with fine wed soil, water ame JoxunLES—Two caps of por 1 cup of sour
qninces affected; for the attacksof the latter does | available, to a is, ~ ee — ait heer Te pie a
not make its appearance until the froit has set, | their appearance, As soon as they have grown a | 1 cup of butter; 3 = 71 a 3 2.oupsof sugar;
mae ater SKN wes dnseerariow to the ex- a I pnll out all but three of the strongest near | cream tartar: salt See spice to ra ot
Pp jossom. © centre of the i 4
Sones to come to the'point, I may say that | damping off has ee ao ger cae Saar to ea to make good —
hese quince treca have been attacked this| move the two weakest, and tie the other toa neat leant th ans Laas SB 25, cente Her gallon,
year with the blight your correspondent has been | stake, I repot as the plants require it, and remoye 4 all try the following:—One quart of molasses;
troubled with, And new for their position— | the lateral buds €5soon as they make their appear- s d TRS Aar ser an BInt of yensh—let It
Quince tree No. 1 is within two paces ofa fine thriv-| ance in the axils of the leayes, at the same iime ne ee
ing Siberian crab apple which has evidently been | preserving the leaves on the stem carefully. The aay ie ~.
infeoted with the same blight. This tree was at-| flower will soon make its appearance on the top of fen 8 om
tacked six or eight weeks since, and but littlenotice | the stem. I remove it once, and allow the highest CORAM: TARDE VB TRIIERe RO COLOR DRAB.
taken of it until lately, when the blight was mak-| lateral bud to grow to form the next leader to be
ing rapid progress to the main stem; the side | tied to the stake as 800n as possible. Iremovye the
branches were, therefore, immediately cut out, and | Jaternal buds as before, and so on, till the stem js
on examination the discoloration had almost] the desired height, i
reached the point referredto. Ihaveslsoayoung| When the atem is the height required, I cut off
the top and allow four or five of the highest lateral
G Ss We
Eps. Rurau:—I have read with great intorest
the column devoted to Domestic Bconomy in your
paper, as also every other part of it, and have no-
ticed of Jate the increased interest manifested in it
by all, in contributing somethingtoit; so I thonght
same quince tree, and I have had the greatest difi-
condition, as it had been for a long time, although
some very good things had been planted, and in
spite of bad treatment bore tolerable fruit. Not
having visited the grounds under Mr. Lana-
WORTHY’S administration, We were surprised and
pleased at the wonderfal change. The house had
been repaired or relmilt, carriage house erected,
now fences made, and all painted, and as neat as
posaible, The old Isabella vines that had rambled
unchecked for years were praned and trained, and
loaded with magnificent clusters; the old apple
orchard had been renovated, and the trees appeared
to bave taken a new lease of life. Here, too, we
found a vigorous young peach orchard, an orchard
of dwarf pears consisting of about two hundred
trees, and a good many standards, some of them
loaded with frnit, and this was particularly the
case with the Bartleteé and Mlemish Beauty. We
don’t wish the fact to be generally known, for fear
it might cause too great a rash of visitors, but we
‘will just say that if any one who can appreciate &
good melon wants a feast, just let him call on H.
N. Laxawortny. We don't know any one that
gets up melons in s0 good A style, He don’tallow
his friends to eat anything but the “sess,” and bis
White Imperials and Black Spanish, are nnequaled
to say nothing about the Nutmegs. Then the
eloquent manner in which your host wil
their qualities will cause you to relish
Tue Lancs Warre Gave—Will you be do kind
as to inform me through your paper if there is any
means by which the large white ground grub can
be destroyed? They have been very destructive for
the last-two years to the strawberry plants in this
vicinity. Last spring I set out some choice varie-
ties, for which, it would seem, they show a decided
taste. They work under the ground, eating al the
roots of the plants, I haye thought that they live
on the roots of weeds also, and therefore the
page Go, Ill, 1858,
soi. Has any of our readers succeeded in destroy:
ing them?
———
Saxton. Now, if
alicea'of the samo sort after you have had enough, | img Pork, Ohio, 1858.
as be will very confidently assure yon that a
good melon never borts any one—a doctrine not | is an old sweet variety called the Crow Beg. It is| i
hard to believe, Among the many new things we | a fall apple, not very good, oblong oval, greenish-
found here, was the Eutavo Cucumber, a very large, | yellow, tender, large core. Another epple iscalled | Far1—50 Snow.
nearly white cucomber, very sweet and good for| by the same name in. Kentucky. It-is a winter.| ener, 200 Willow Twig,
cleaner the ground is kept, the more they will con-
centrate about the planta—C, Orans, Zurner, Du-
Rewannes,—This large white grub has heen quite
troublesome here in some places. Last week we
sow a plantation of strawberries of about an acre,
in which three-fourths of the plants were destroyed
by the grab. Potatoes, also, in the same lot were
much injured by them. They are difficult to
destroy, Salt, or anything that will kill them will
also kill'the plants. When anything is placed on | jow Twig, 5 White Bellflower, 6 Yellow do., 5 N.Y,
the surface that they dislike they go deeper in the | pippin.
Arries—Timn Naswes.—I am eyméwhat in the
nursery business, and have the foJlowing apples in
nursery thot I am entirely unacquainted with:
Crow Sweet, Orange Russet, Ked Cheek Pippin and
through the Rogar I can be| ner, Yo Willow Twigs
idilateon | made acquainted with their character you will'| ¢,’ yy N. Y. Pippin, 10 Red Seeknofurther, 10
© few more | confer o favor upon your subscriber.—J. R., Hock- 2
Rewanss—Don't know the Crow Siceet, There
had evidently been punctured by some insect near
the extreme point of the shoot, and the discolora-
tion made rapid progress to the base of the shoot,
but whether this may be’ attribnted to the same
cause as that in which the quince suffers, it did not
occur to meat the time, Within the past two or
three weeke, however, I have more matured evi-
dences of the same discoloration precisely, upon a
dwarf Doyenne and Steven’s Genesee; and on a
close examination, I find the same punctures pre-
vionsly mentioned in the case of the Sheldon pear,
while on other shoots could be traced specimens
of the inseot world in various stages of progrese—
on others neither insect or punctures could be
seen. These observations, it will be seen, are
necessarily incomplete, as my attention has not
probably been called to it until the various stages
of the blight had progressed too far. Thus far,
however, they coincide with the experience of Mr,
Cranks. But when I tarnback to quince tree No,
2, which has been most serionaly attacked with the
Picuuow wwewry as aru sny —s
eties of Van Monsleon le Clerc, Dachesse de An-
gouleme, &e, upon none of which can I find any
symptom of the blight. ‘Shall we puzzle our brains
any more in the matter? I think I will promise it
a thorough investigation next season, and watch
fits earliest stages.
On another examination, since writing the
above, I find the standard Bartlett punctured on
several shoots, but on the second growth of this
season. The discoloration doesnot, however, make
ita appearance, Probably the wood is too ripe for
its downward progress, Wa. Creep.
Quince anv Peae Buicnt.—The observation of
your correspondent, J. 8, CLARKE, in relation to
the blight in quince trees being transferred to
pear, is new to me, but I must say, very probable,
‘As facta, not theories, are wanted in this matter, I
syould state that during the past three years, I have
get ont 25 dwarf pear trees in a emall city lot—
They all thrive well, end some are bearing very
well. One, however, which was planted near a
quince bush afflicted with the blight, has been at-
tacked by the same disense, All the others, being
further distant, have escaped. If the experience
of others coincides with this view of the matter, a
knovledge of the facts will be of the utmost im-
portance, both theoretically nd practically. 3. P.
FRUIT FOR THE WEST.
Ir is very easy to jump at conclosions and say
this or the other frult will not do for the West, just
because somebody failed in the attempt to grow it,
when perhaps the treatment was such as to cause
almost enything to fail. On this subject we are
pleased to give all reliable information. VERAaY
Axpgicn, of Arispe, Baoreau connty, Illinois, in
tiye;”
Pennock
Cloth ‘of
‘Byraar. ~
If near by and large,
Wistex—100 Dominie, 150 Wa;
eating in the ordinary way, but solid and rather | fruit, enb-acid, conical form, yeltow, striped with | Pippin, long keepers
difficult of digestion. It makes an excellent pre.| dull red. Know no Orange Russet. There is an
serve, much better than the Ciron, being clearand | Orange Appi with skin of an orange-yellow, | market for summer (rnit, diminish the sammer and
Sometimes partially covered with blotchea of rus- | add more winter.
We have not space to notice many other things, | set. Red Check Pippin is a synonym of Monmouth
bat-we will call attention to the mode adopted by ‘Pippin. We never before heard of @ Saxton apple, nor vari
nt.
Of pears, have not bad experience enough
culty to preserve its wood of this year’s growth.—
This tree I have very closely watched, and have
nipped off (to a healthy bud) all the young shoots
twice, and insome cases threetimes. These shoots
Emery’s Journal, gives the following list of apples
«pest adapted to that locality, and most profitable
for family use or market—all hardy and prodac-
Six lest apples for orchard of 100 trees. —SusiwER—
10Red June, 10 Summer Pennock, Farr—loSnow.
WistEn—20 Dominic, 20 Wagener, 25 Willow Twig.
Twelve best apples for an orchard of 100 trees.—
Svinrex—10 Red June, 5 Sopsof Wine, 10 Sommer
Far1—5 Tompkins, 5 Snow, 5 Cloth of
Gold, Wrxter—15 Domine, 15 Wagener, 16 Wil-
7
1,080 trees for market will depend on how near it
Brocc2—200 Red June, 100 Summer Pennock.
long keepera; 200 N. ¥.
When the orchard is located too far away from
yet |
ties euMiclent tomake bata list. Among Phil Journal.
boda to grow. Assoon as they haye pushed a lit
October,) whea they will require their final shift,
using 8 or 9 inch pote, According to the size of the
Plants. I prooure some iron wire for supports, or
neat wooden stakes. After being inserted into the
pots they must stand two or three inches Above
the head of the plant, to allow all the laterals form-
ing the head to be suspended from them with small
pieces of bast. If they are not tied up carefally
they will as they grow droop down and break, as
Mignonette is 2 plant of straggling habit. Treated
in the above way Mignonette will flower freely till
the time when there is plenty to be had ont of
doors, when the plants may be thrown away, I
Prefer growing from seed every season. The little
extra tronble required is amply compensated by
the neat compact form of the heads of the young
plants.—M,, in London Gardeners’ Chronicle
ACHINESE GARDEN.
Uuiedy pure =
make the following extracts:
“he plants consist of good specimens of south:
ern Chinese things, all well known in England —
such, for example, a5 cymbidium Chinese, ole
fragans, oranges, roses, camelias, magnolias, ete,,
and, of course, a multitude of dwarf trees, without
which no Chinese garden would be considered
compelete, In the alcove alluded to, there aro
some nice stone seats, which look coo! in aclimate
like that of southern Ohina. The floor of this
building is raised a few feet above the ground
level, so thet the visitor gets a good view of the
water and other objects of interest in the garden.
That this is a favorite lounge and smoking place
with the Chinese, the following Chinese notice,
which we fonnd on one of the pillars, will testify:
‘A Carefol and Darnest Notice—This garden earn-
estly requests that visitors will spit betel outside
the railing, and knock the ashes off pipes also out-
side.’ Several fine frnit trees and others are grow-
ing near the walks, and afford shade from the rays
ofthe sun. Onone of these we read the following:
‘Ramblers here will be excused plucking tho fruit
on this tree.’ How exceedingly polite!
“Near the centro of the garden stands asubstan-
{ial summer house or hall, named the ‘ Hall of Fra-
grant Plants’ ‘he same notice to smokers and
chewers of betel-not is also put up here; and there
ia another and a longer one, which I must not for-
get to quote. It is this:—‘In this garden the
plants are intended to delight the eyes of all visit
ors; a great deel has been expended in planting
and in keeping it in order, and the garden is now
beginning to yield some return. Those who come
here to saunter about are earnestly prayed not to
pluck the fruit or flowers, in order that the beanty
of the place may be preserved.’ And then follows
a piece of true Ghineee politeness:—' We beg those
who understand this notice to excuse it!’ Passing
through the Hall of Fregrant Plants, we approach-
mental snite of rooms, tastefully furnished and
decorated, in which visitors are received and en-
Between this part of the garden and the straigh!
rather dilapidated.”
A ———
Fruits op maz Cenea.—Ne
ordinary excellence,
Borope and Americo. Pallas speaks of one call
.| tae Sinop Alms, which
of acquires its ex
to Si. Peterabart. There is
t to be !aP the beat ever
ae lor es cObnut than heretofore koown,
also recorded.
are cultivated, i
of them appear to be of importance.—.
either for wine or the table.
tle I pinch them, leaving only tsvo buds op each; I
allow them, to start a little and then remove the
Plants to @ ccol green house where they get plenty
of air, I continue to pinch regalarly as the plants
grow till the heads are the desired size (which will
be about the end of September or the middle of
ed, between two rows of Olea fragans, a fine orna-
tertained. An insoription informs us that this is
called the ‘Fragrant Hall of the Wocheo Tree.’
Leaving this place by a narrow door, we observed
the following notice: —‘Saunterers here will be
excused entering.’ This apparently leads to the
private apartments of the family. In this side of
the garden there is some Srtificial rock-work, which
the Chinese know well how to construct, and vazi-
Medily batt apples efule Noel a frees | ong summer houses tastefally decorated, one of
Svinmn—5 Red June, Sops of Wine, 5 Sommer) 41.4 ss" called the ‘Library of Verdant Purity:
Pennock, 3 Red Abtrachan, 2 Early White (Coop-
er’s,) 2 Lelcester Sweeting. Farr—3 Tompkins, 6
Snow, 2 Fail Wine, 3 Hawley, 2 Sweet Wine, 2
Gold. Wrrzr—10 Dominic, 10 Wage-
2 White Bell Flower, 2 Yellow
walk already noticed, there fs 2 einall pond or luke
for fish and water lites, "This is crossed by a zig-
zag wooden bridge of many arches, which looked
w apples of extra-
have been discovered in the ard
Crinies, which will, no doubt, find thelr AS principle ther Aaiee in this renpoct the Dini
keeps till Joly, and only
cellence before ihn new ete
sneeily sent to Moscow, and even
Wagon loads a0 ornare also an autumn epple,
tasted in any.coun-
y varieties of grapes | ing them is about eleven vo)
thor for wit ON one and about four in the aftern
Edinburg | for very young bill
IT would oast in my mite, and perhaps somo one
might be benefited by it
Cream Tarran Biscurr.—Take a pint bowl two-
thirds full of sweetmilk, add to it 4 tablespoonfal
of soda; then take a emall pan half fall of flour,
and add to it two tablespoonfals of shortening;
1 of cream tartar, and one half do, of salt;
mix well and add the milk. Make it hard enough
to roll out good, and out in cakes abont 14 inches
thick. Bake very quick. Try it, and if you make
them right, you will never want to make any other
kind.
To Coron Drar—Take plom tree spronte and
boil them an hour or more, then add copperas ac-
cording to the shade you wish your articles to be,
White ribbons take a very pretty color in this dyo,
I would like to be informed through your paper
how to take out ink stalns from wood and cloth.
Tecumseh, Mich , 1853, A Fanwer’s Davonran.
To Mrxp Broxen Guass AND PARTHEN WARE. —
I see in the Rona an inquiry fora cement to mend
glass and earthenware, Broken glass may be
mended quite securely with white paint, such as is
used for painting buildinge, Pot it neatly on both
edges and press them firmly together. Pat them
eWhy until the paint becomes thoroughly dry and
ee A enh
curely with a cord, you Gan by Doing the WIA
sweet skim-milk, mend it so that it will never como
apart by using. The fractured edges must not be
wet with water before mending, and after boiling,
put away the dish until it shall become thoronghly
dry before taking off the sfring—M. BE. P,, Pal-
myra, N, ¥., 1858.
poses
Canoriwa CAxe.— Two coffee cups of white
sugar; 3 of flour; 1 of sweet cream; 2 tablespoons
of melted butter; whites of 6 egge, well beaten; 4
a teaspoon of cream tartar; { do. of soda; 1 tea-
spoon of extract of lemon,—it is an improvement —
to add citron,—put about half of the mixture in the
baking dish, cut the citron in thin slices and lay
them over the mixture pretty plentifally, then pour
the remainder upon the citron. I think Mrs.
A, P. G., of Janesville, Onondaga Co,, N. ¥., will
acknowlédge this to be as good a recipe for cake as
her recipe for lemon pie, which fg equally delicious.
If any donbt, let them try it, and they will find it is
worth a year’s subscription to the Rorat.— MC,
Oak Orchard, N. Y., 18
Goon Druriixcs.—Asei4, of Cayuga, N.Y. |
wishes for a recipe to make Good Damplings.
Here is one that we call a good one, Take 1)
pounds flour; 6 ounces of beef suet, chopped fine;
+ teaspoonful saleratus; 4 ponnd raisins —mix
these together with water as stiff as can be stirred
with a spoon. Pat the mixture in a bag, fecurely
tied, and boil 1; hours, To make of preserves in-
stead of raisins, leave out the raisins and mix with
the hand the same quantity of flour, suet, &,, roll
like pie crust to the thickness of a quarter of an
inch and spread on preserves, roll the whole to-
gether and put into a bag and boil as above—A.
B. 0, Oicego, N. Y.,1868.
pens roR WixTER UsE—
Preagavixa Crocus
wan an inquiry as
ince I saw in the Ru
ua 4 chal preserve cucumbers for winter
use? Iwill send you my mode, Potone pound cf
alum and three quarts of salt to one barrel of
pickles—water sufficient to cover them, and laya
cloth on top. There will a scum rise on top, which
take off with the cloth and ringe it in cold water.
When you wish to use them, soak over night, or, if
on like them pretty salt, jost rinse them off, cad
ee vinegar and pour Upon them—C. M. C., Fudéon,
N, ¥,, 1858
Marors AND Meroni