A'DIVISION OF BIRDS EMITESONIAN INSTITUTION Sip vee T Boe Fy, a Ga toes i "a. j " $7 » Me " d MI ; 1 beh LA id : ; 83 ! P 4 Lan * ^ E OL Hu M — v a Hi T idi a np DAC ESTE EN £A iie Del piliópuo ab ak cbe, emos desi pttagma Beotyb Woo endo pat P tea Ibo cor TT. d e 'foraid des Jr weh b; Log UPS A birt S i GN ad d e ini mida dibvaetios wr y wu? wt ^ P» , i. : 4 Mx » Lu " a "a LANA "LATA AT i , 2 Dun cv ape yw me Ne a op ai ine USA MV * E " D ba ? » i MiP cse." gent al Tn ^i ETT DTE i ios: ving 7 . "d ri f "^. and: im e N pe. wiih noe 3 A S ae "e Tan «Fe e^ à ri ‘ g j " r L , z to TRITT : Ms , h xi LES PED. ore rp t E E B M E M ] E > zT X 1 ( Evo ele DR vB. «^ OMS ANE ! n 11 e Nr p weitere es e - pu AC B A earn a Gesutign 9 22 ie de - ied " » lay t j Lu Ns Ut. " s Man ue " L - UM. RÀ E Ge. E e a P 9? ! —- “es oy ' | ‘ * ] ! [i óc : T 1 J Y " Lh t TWUMY Kun d hy , PP » " E "v Wa diaddeons snp sd aii @ Nr £BOOÀS diag O F A3 uk to beu. y I... R. PENNANT, in his Hisrory or Qvapnupzps, Preface, p. 8, fpeaks as follows : * From the matchlefs collection of animals, collected by that public-fpirited gentleman, Sir Afhton Lever, I had every opportunity, not only of correcting the Defcriptions of the laft edition, but of adding feveral animals hitherto imperfectly known. His Mufeum is a liberal fund of inexhauftible knowledge in moft branches of natural hiftory, which, I truft, will remain an honour to his fpirit, as well as a permanent credit and advantage to our country." Mr. LATH AM, in hi Generst Synopsis or Binps, in a note ex- planatory of his abbreviated mark, viz. Lev. Muf. fays, “By this is meant the Mufeum of Sir Afhton Lever; well known to abound in the various pro- duétions of nature and art, and in which the inquifitive mind cannot fail of receiving the utmoft fatisfaction in every department.” By an attentive furvey of the above two works, viz. Mr. Prennanv’s Hif- tory of Quadrupeds, and Mr. Larnaw's Synopfis of Birds, the extent and importance of the Leverian Collection will appear in the fulleft manner, and will afford the moft convincing proof of its unrivalled fuperiority in the zoo- logical department. REPORT or rug CoMMITTEE OF THE LHoNOURABLE HOUSE or COMMONS R. THOMAS TENAN T informed the Committee, that he had been upwards of Twenty Years a Collector of Subje&s of Natural Hiftory,. and had feen all the Cabinets of Curiofities, both Public and Private, of any note in Holland, France, and Portugal; and thofe at Bruffels, Drefden, Brunfwick, and Vienna; and had alfo feen the Spanifh Cabinet while collecting in Holland: that he had never feen any Colle&ion more rare, more curious, or more ia- ítructive than Sir Afhton Lever’s, nor any that can be compared with it; that it exceeds all others in the Beauty and the Prefervation of the numerous Articles it contains, which are better felected than any he had feen elfewhere: and he concluded with faying, that if a Sovereign Prince was to endeavour at forming fuch a Colleétion, it could not be done in lefs than Twenty Years, nor ever be made fo extenfive and complete, there being many Specimens in this, that could not be procured at any Expence. Mr. JOHN CHURCH. faid, that. he had. amufed himfelf many Years in collecting Natural Curiofities ; that he had feen all the Collections of any note. in England, and that the whole of them put together, would not form one fo rare and valuable as that at iLeicefter-Houfe; that the Articles there are in complete Beauty and Prefervation; that he had taken great Pains to form an - Eftimate of their Value, afcertained by the Prices he had known fimilar Articles fell for at Public Sales, or otherwife; and that, according to, his Calculation, the Value of the whole to be fold, is upwards of 53,0001. Sir WILLIAM HAMILTON, Knight of the moft Honourable Order: of the Bath, faid, that he had feen Sir Afhton Lever's Colle&ion of Curiofities very often, and having a particular Love for Natural Hiftory, he has had an Opportunity in different Journies to and from Naples, of feeing every Mufeum both Public and Private, in Holland, France, Germany, Italy, and Sicily, and that he thinks Sir Aíhton. Lever’s Collection is, in every refpect, taking it al- together, the firft Collection he has feen. BARON DIMSDALE faid, that he had feen the Cabinets of Curiofities at Mofcow and St Peterfburgh, and alfo thofe at Paris and Drefden, which are eíteemed very curious and valuable, and that they are not altogether to be compared with Sir Afhton Lever’s Collection. N.B. Many rare and valuable Additions have been made, NISL'SBSLSLEVIERIANMI Exptl As TO: ASIN hay ieee Ab ee A TUE ING oa, OVE bom A. EZELSDU DIO Cub mG Lk Sukh a Ws — M, DE IR, iG, AD DENT VK BIG iR ZB, PPG Ahr bh RS CAL T AL ET €ODLORSATJ,. LNUPENSIS JACOB E PAR KIN'S ON: M. DCC. XCII. | M " ^ b f 0 In "e Ado ME ARN UN Meter coii iili S esu o je PAS IR ive) RRO we AUT AU aA rds i 5. of pits 43 x Nd M i y roe Day eR NR IX 99€ M. MUSEUM LEVERIANUM, CONTAINING GSELEUBERSEL.SPRECGCIMIENS From the MUSEUM of the late Sud Ue S HT ON LEVER, as WITH ID ESCRLLPTIONSCENLEATUIN AND ENGEIS E, GEORGE SHAW, NT D. PoR.S PUBL PS BD. BY [AMES PAR EDN S0 N PROPREELOR, OF DHE ABOVE -CoOLeECc t iON. l M, DCC. XCII, Li AM e | v P De iA p n I S am = bs $^ Ww os " wit / among. Gn WeTAY esl x4 amer et A dh 1 ^ 3017231402 avoan aHT Pw PIS dI. qae iA : MAL ee dIOX don M Wut AUGUSTIS.SIMO BRIDPANNEARUM & REGI Gl ON GIO T ER T I0, CELSISSIMZEQUE CAROLETTZE REGINZE, ARTIUM INGENUARUM FAUTORIBUS, E M. US EO S9 Uu 0 S P-R:CCTM I NA Bl DE Lik ER DESCR EP TA REI va I Pos) A Ni NAIUR AM DEPIC, Trew SUMMA CUM OBSERVANTIA CULTUQUE Ds By LX TREEQERUS PAR EK. ELN SON: oMiazsiTRuSUA LO vos + O45 A MURATA A ae ae Hec E" paorTAa3T of9303 I 1 Ut ES 1— PI x d: a " (t A . ». iE) : E: I TOU C; I3 OE) 300 *MIgAIe.ISO 4 play" HET. "4 ere £u X3 M pv gi z ET T Tibe I he. £o uw. £s "P a be. 4n - M Quid 8 2. 2 ME X ev ATR pli TR . ] : pt EN r1 MI 1 E g APIS LES el p 54 5$ b c ZEN " ai eT ae. oO i kan " "cl - E Te MED LE ERIELIT CPC PE Meri 5 M T x auo gue, aW osse d LIER. Ar A E o uu Gi E 7 - : e: oe ‘ eas Palisa WA e TEM MAS E n "a TO E=e ite: ROE Me ese S T4 ELE KING AND QUEEN OF GREAT BRITAIN, AS FIRST PATRONS AND SUPPORTERS OF THE ARTS AND SCIENCES, ees WORE IS BY THEIR MOST GRACIOUS PERMISSION, HUMELY PRESENTED AWD DEDICATED $PHEER MATES FIES, MOST OBLIGED AND MOST GRATEFUL SUBJECT AND SERVANT, JAMES PAREINS O N- "Bo De a Roc oA Med deo ades paris x ALATIAG TA AAD ^ 10 5 ^ yrs Lam e ki , - Te ht axA idm mak aos cv eo vatoo E uidi Moni Bene cam v» AME ES E 2 js mne je E SE «aot u Tip dia grade teil ) ann: Ou h Tt im A POL. ues mue: Ex e 1 de ce sii gae D T. x uu 2 "ü M yi 1 — Eus be i mer pag » dii pus -— 4 í LE -— N "] T : j "m Va i A = * C $ = » -* " ~ 0 3» * Y", E E E " " TUXLA * | "TR. 4 epi Sl geet DY OES eo IEEE x9 ADM di MA 4 MUSEUM LEVERIANUM, No. "KE YXULIUR MAGELLANICUS. CHARUMCTER GENERICIU S. Rostrum rectum, apice aduncum. CapuT (plerumque) impenne, antice nuda cute. Lixcva bifida. Lin. Syf. Nat. p. 121. CHAD SA CT ER. SBECIEICUS, &c. Vultur niger, remigibus fecundariis albis nigro terminatis, gula nuda. Vultur Gryphus. ? Liz. Syff. Nat. p. 121. Condor.? Brif. Ornith. 1. p. 473. m. 12. I primis Americanz hiftoriz fcriptoribus credendum fit, in quibufdam orbis iftius occidui partibus, miranda eft et ingens avis fpecies, in exitium czterorum animalium ita lethaliter armata, ut omnes aves predatrices quas Furopzi un- quam afpexerint, mole et ferocitate longe longeque fuperet ; fidemque, (fi liceat dicere,) fobriorum noftratium phyficorum omnino labefactet. | Vulturis hzc fpecies, ut narrant Ícriptores,) nomine Coder cognita, pueros decennes, vel etiam state Ne, I. B pro- (m J provectiores arripit, et cum illis longe avolat : binzeque hujufmodi, fi fimul con- venerint, vaccam facillime dilaniant devorantque. Diriffima hzc avis fabula mire in Arabicis narrationibus de ave Roc feu Ruc anfam dediffe creditur. Quamvis certe valde prater verum augeatur hujus vulturis magnitudo et ferocitas, nequa- quam tamen dubitandum eft quin vulturis alicujus Americani fpecies, alias omnes vulturini generis facile fuperet, quaque, occafionem nacta, in ipfa animalia majora mira audacia ufque ad necem fzviat. In mufxis aliquando occurrunt fpecimina, ut putatur, remigum hujus avis; queis fane confpectis, fi fecundum regulam no- tiffimam * ex pede Herculem" dijudicare fas fit, nullum dubium fit quin mole gigantea inter congeneres ipfa avis praepolleat. Hujufmodi pennz ab ave in Chili {cloppeto confecta detractee defcribuntur in Actorum Anglicorum volumine de- cimo octavo, pagina fexagefima prima, ubi dicitur avem albo nigroque variatam fuiffe more pice vulgaris, (feu corvi pice Linnzi,) caputque habuiffe crifta cornea compreffo-erecta et acuta inftruétum. Alii qui de hac ave fcripferunt dicunt gulam illi effe nudam et rubram, collumque torque velut plumofo niveo circum- datum. Buffonus has aves non Americz peculiares putat, fed et in Europa ali- quando confpici, avemque a Germanis Laemmergeyer nominatam, eandem efle fomniat, quam profecto fpeciem in vulture barbato Linnzi agnofcunt recentiores phyfic. Cum vero, licet nuperrime ardentiori ftudio flagraverint nature inda- gatores, omniaque fere animalia ex India utraque in mufea noftra advecta fint, nullum adhuc mirandz hujus avis adultum fpecimen confpiciatur; fieri non poteft quin defcriptio paululum manca fit et imperfe&a, plenaque ejus hiftoria adhuc fere in tenebris lateat. Linnzus, reliquis auctoribus confifus, in fyftemate {uo hanc fpeciem nomine Vulturis Gryphi admifit. Species in tabula depicta, quamvis giganteo illo vulture, quem fupra memoravimus, multo minor, inter maximos tamen qui ad nos pervenerint numeranda eft. A finu Magellanico alata eft; quodque crifta omnino careat, czterifque de caufis, facile crediderim effe pullum avis ipfius ingentis fupra-diéte foemineum. Ala ejus ab apicibus dimenfe circiter novem pedes funt longe. Roftrum obfcure eft plumbeum, verfus apicem albefcens. Caput collumque plumis carent, fed tomento velut fparfo ba 3 fparfo et fub-pilofo obtecte funt. Vertex ad fufcum vergit; collum vero eft pal- lidius ; nec dubito quin, ave adhuc viva, fubrubrum fuerit. Ad colli partem inferiorem tuberculum pyriforme rubrum confpicitur. Circa collum juxta hu- meros, plumarum eft albarum torquis, primo intuitu cuniculi vellus optime referens. Caetera avis nigra eft, remigibus autem fecundariis albis, nigro termi- natis. Ejufdem quoque funt coloris plumze aliquot fcapulares, te&ricefque minores albido ad apices leviter fub-tinéte. Crura pedefque nigricant, funtque vali- diffima, unguibus tamen parum incurvatis. Cauda apice zquali vix ac ne vix rotundato. Cum remiges hujus avis cum remigibus veri (ut creditur) Condoris, quem ab America huc tranftulit Dominus Byron, componerem, confimiles illas omnino dijudicavi, excepta fola magnitudine. Hiftoriam igitur naturalem puram et finceram aliis tradendi cupidus, pene veritus fum edicere hanc noftram avem verum effe Vulturem Gryphum Linnzi, feu genuinum Condorem ; fed potius habui novo illam nomine infignire, nomenque Linnzanum (quod fynonymum putatur) dubia manu citare, B 2 T H.E qu m THE MAGELTLSZANTO WU tee. GENE Rd:Cis G3H[AGROA-OQ SE: ERs Bitt ftrait, hooked at the tip. Heap commonly bare of feathers, with a naked fkin in front. Toncue bifid. — ———— —— — ——— — S.P EAC LEC Cali A RAC IIR Black Vulture, with the fhorter wing-feathers white with black tips, and naked throat. The Condor. es et F the tales related by fome of the early defcribers of the natural productions of America have any foundation in truth, there exifts fomewhere in that extenfive continent a bird whofe enormous magnitude and prodigious powers of deftru&ion far exceed all that the largeft feathered tyrants of the ancient hemifphere can boaít, and all that the more fober philofophic faith of European naturalifts can eafily be induced to admit. Thefe writers affure us that the fpecies of Vulture called the Condor is capable of fnatching up and carrying off boys of ten years of age and upwards; and that a pair of thefe deftroyers in concert will attack a heifer in the midft of a field and tear it in pieces with the moft perfect eafe. It is imagined that this dreadful vulture has given rife to the exaggerated defcription of the bird which makes fo confpicuous "C VULTURE, OR CONDOR, NICUS THE MAGHLLANIC VULTURE, OUR VULITR MAGILL A YICUS. ey | CRI mm fero PALO ELT: My n^ NL (RU : fan NS PRO UN | ! DOT n Sn 1 J | PULSU Lie UVP PR UT vae Avr y Afia et nx ES AM TUN t») confpicuous a figure in the Arabian tales, under the name of the Roc, or Ruc. Much allowance muít doubtefs be given to the enlarged accounts of the ftrength and fiercenefs recorded by the above-mentioned writers; but there is no reafon to queftion the exiftence of fome fpecies of American vulture of a fize far greater than others of its genus, and which may be capable of committing great devaftations amongft fuch of the animal world as are expofed to the fury of its attacks. In mufeums are fometimes feen fpecimens of the remiges or long wing- feathers of this bird; and from thefe, if we may judge of the fize of the * bird they belonged to, according to the well-known rule of “ex pede Her- culem " the bulk which it fometimes attains, muft be greatly fuperior to that of every other fpecies. In the Philofophical Tranfactions, vol. 18, p. 61, is a defcription of the quills of a bird of this fort which was fhot in Chili, and which bird meafured 16 feet when the wings were extended. The bird is faid to have been coloured black and white like a mag-pie, and furnifhed with a fharp hard creft or comb on the head. Other accounts add that the throat is naked and of a red colour, and that the neck is furrounded by a white ruff or tippet. The Count de Buffon imagines that thefe vultures are not peculiar to America, but that they are fometimes found in Europe, and feems inclined to think that the fpecies called by the Germans Lammer- geyer may be the fame bird; but this feems now to be clearly determined in the negative: the Lammer-geyer of the Germans being no other than the vultur-barbatus of Linnzus. But fince, notwithítanding the eagernefs with which natural hiftory is purfued, and the pains taken to enrich the European mufeums with the moft interefting productions of both the Indies, it does not appear that any full-grown {pecimens of this great American Vulture have yet been imported, we muft be content that its hiftory and defcription fhould ftill remain in fome degree involved in obfcurity. Linnaeus, relying on the ufual defcriptions given of it by moft authors, has admitted it into the Syftema C 6 ) Syftema Nature, and has named it Vultur Gryphus. The fpecies which is figured on the annexed plate, tho' it cannot come in competition with the gigantic fpecimens above defcribed, is yet one of the largeft Vultures hither- to known. It was brought from the Straits of Magellan, and the circum- ftance of its not having the leaft appearance ofa comb on the head, together with fome other particulars, incline me to fuppofe it a young bird, and moft probably a female. The extent of its wings from tip to tip is about 1o feet. The beak is of a dark lead-colour, and grows gradually whitifh towards the tip. The head and neck are deftitute of feathers, but are covered with a íhort ftraggling fort of hairy down. The top of the head inclines toa dark colour, but the reft of the neck is rather paler, and I make no doubt but that in the living bird it was of a reddifh colour. "Towards the lower part of the neck appears a finallifh pear-fhaped tubercle, which probably was red, and round the bafe of the neck, where it joins the fhoulders, is a ruff or circle of white downy feathers, which on acurfory view have exactly the ap- pearance of rabbet’s fur. Beneath the breaft is a confiderable bare fpace. All the reft of the bird is black, except the fhorter or fecondary wing-feathers, which are white with black tips. A few of the fcapulars alfo are of thls ap- pearance, and fome of the wing-coverts are very flightly tipped with whitifh. The legs and claws are blackifh, very ftrong, but the claws not much in- curvated. The tail even at the end and very flightly rounded at fides. On comparing the remiges or long wing-feathers of this bird with fome which were brought by Mr. Byron as thofe of the real Condor, I found them to be exaétly fimilar in all refpe&s except in fize. Not chufing therefore to create confufion in natural hiftory by making it abfolutely the fame with the Vultur Gryphus of Linneus, I have rather chofen to give it a new name, and to place the fuppofed Linnean fynonym in a doubtful manner. URSUS ( 9.3 URS ST UP OC A RES, CHARACTER GENERICUS. DENTES PRIMORES fuperiores 6, intus excavati alterni. inferiores 6; laterales 2 longiores lobati; fecundarii bafi interiores. Lawranrr folitarii, conici. Moranzs 5. s. 6: primo laniariis approximato. Lin, Came Wee TER SPECIFICUS, &c. Urfus albus, cauda abrupta, capite colloque elongatis. Gmel. Syft. Nat. 1. f. 101. Urfus marinus. Pallas it. 3. p. 691. Urfus maritimus albus major aréticus. Martens Spitzb. 73. t. 0. f. & RSUS Polaris, quem cum urfo communi diu falfoque permifcuerunt phyfici, in frigidiffimis mundi partibus femper degit, littora ut plurimum arética et glacialia pererrans, phocas pifcefque devorans. Immenfo robori ti- menda accedit ferocitas. Sub alta nive cubilia fertur effodere, five in lacunis inter moles maximas glaciei. Maribus feptentrionis extremi enormes innatant maífe feu infula glaciei, fpectacula miranda et horrore plena! quz per fpatiam multarum leucarum longe lateque .fluitant, et nonnunquam ventis agitate fra- gore horrifono fibi invicem adverfze occurrunt. His in infulis fpecies urfi jam memorata fepe confpicitur; longe enim admodum a littore vagatur, et ut cibum fibi comparet, enatat audacter in altum mare. Erga prolem fuam maximo amore fervet; qua in defendenda vi et fortitudine incredibili pugnare Íolet. A communi feu vulgar urfo diftinguitur mole corporis longe majore, forma longiore, robore et craffitie membrorum, praecipue vero et infigniter capitis longitudine. Color cft candidus, interdum leviffima flavedinis tinctura perfufus. Labia et ungues nigricant, X HE X E T HIEg POG AR UBSESAUR GENERIC :ICHARAG HER: Six cutting teeth, and two canine in each jaw. Five toes before; five behind. In walking refts on the hind feet as far as the heel. Pennant, SPECI F PEC TA TIRE ER eec. White bear with elongated neck and head. Polar bear. Penn. Hifi. Quad. p. 288. FAFAHE Polar Bear, long confounded with the common fpecies, is confined to the dreary climates of the moft frozen regions of the north; and is principally found. wandering about the icy coafts of the polar feas, where it preys on feals and fifh. It is an animal of tremendous ftrength, fiercenefs, and courage. It is faid to form itfelf retreats under the deep fnow, or in the vacuities which it finds among the maffes of ice. In the feas of the ex- treme north are enormous floating maffes or iflands of ice, which form one of the moft wonderful fpectacles that nature in thofe difmal waftes can exhibit. They are feen floating for many leagues together, and, when driven by winds, frequently approach each other with the moft dreadful crafhing. On thefe iflands of ice the fpecies of bear above-mentioned is often feen, for it is ca- pable of fwimming feveral leagues at a time, and makes frequent excurfions to fea in queft of prey. It is remarkable for the greateft poffible attachment to its young; in defence of which it exerts every effort of the moft defperate and vindictive courage. As a fpecies this bear is diftinguifhed from the com- mon bear by the far fuperior fize of the body; by the more elongated form; by its vaft ftrength of limbs, and particularly by the length of the head; the figure and proportion of which differs widely from the other fpecies. Its colour is white, with a very flight tinge of yellowifh, and the lips and claws are black. M O S- R Ryley ded, URSUS POLARIS. "TUE POLAR BEAR. ieee, ü-w MAH. OUT varie sl TORVT vi j Lm m Ca) MOSCHUS MOSCHIFERUSs C ENAGR'A Cor ERE GE NREPRO TC UES. Cornva nulla. Dentes Lanrari fuperiores folitarii exferti, Lin, Chak UCCTERER SPECIFIGUS, &c. Mofchus folliculo umbilicali. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 91. Capreolus mofchi. : Gef. Quadr. 695. Animal mofchiferum. : Nieremb. Hift. Nat. p. 184. Pallas. Spic. Zool. fafc. 13. t. 4—6. Genere cervino praecipue diftinguitur hzc fpecies eo quod cornubus careat, habeatque in maxilla fuperiori dentes laniarios deorfum fpectantes, longeque pre ceteris exfertos. Magnitudo eadem fere ac cervi capreoli Lin- nzi. Cum imo colore, qui fufco-grifeus faturatior, mifcetur aliquid ferruginei. Corporis partes pofteriores; (in nonnullis faltem fpeciminibus, ut et in hoc noftro) ftriis aliquot obliquis longitudinalibus notantur. Ungule elongate ni- gricant. Cauda breviffima vix poteft difcerni. Femina carere dicitur dentibus laniariis exfertis, nec non ciftula feu receptaculo moíchifero, quod folius eft maris. No. I. G Mofchum (10 ) Mofchum generat Afia, precipue regio Thibetana, cujus frigidiffimas fum- mitates pinetaque dentiffima,folet pererrare. ^ Fertur eum non gregatim ince- dere, fed folum et feparatim. Corpore eft agili admodum vegetoque; timido. famen ingenio, fugit familiaritatem hominum, zgroque domatur. In illius. Afiani orbis partibus quas jam memoravimus {pecies dicitur effe numerofiffima ; quod fatis patet a mofchi copia ilinc per totam Europam difperfa. Inanitur efem laboriofus"fi notum hoc odoramentum minutius defcriberem. Pauci funt qui nefciunt mofchum nafci a peculiari quodam humore qui fecer- nitur in folliculo fub infimo ventre, quique recens odorem fpargit potentiffi- mum, Subftantie eft leviter tenacis, fed fere friabilis: coloris fubferruginei, {eu ferrugineo-fufci. THE M OSCIHUS MOSCHIFERUS. THE COMMON MUSK. G 3) THE COMMON MUSK. GENE RIC CILARACT ER, Two long tufks in the upper jaw. Eight fmall cutting teeth in the lower jaw, none in the upper. Pennant. SEBCLILFIC.CILARACIER, &c, Mufk with a cyft or follicle beneath the belly. Tibet Mufk, ’ Pennant. Quadr. 112. Le Mute. De Buffon, 12. 361. HIS animal is principally diftinguifhed from thofe of the Deer kind by the want of horns, and by the prefence of tufks, or long canine, teeth in the upper jaw, projecting greatly beyond the reft, and pointing downwards, Its fize is nearly that of a Roebuck: its general colour a fort of dark brownifh gray, not without a flight caft of ferruginous, and in fome fpecimens, (as in the prefent) the hind-parts are marked with a few whitifh longitudinal ftreaks. The hoofs are long and of a blackifh colour; the tail very fhort and even fcarce perceptible. The female is fad to be diftinguifhed by the want of tufks, as well as of the receptacle containing the mufk, which is peculiar to the male, C 2 The (1209 The Mufk is an Afiatic animal, and is principally found amongft the mountainous parts of hibet, where it wanders amidft the higheft and coldeft tracts, and amonéft the pine-forefts of thofe regions. It is faid to be not gregarious, but rather a folitary animal It is of an extremely active and vigorous nature; yet timid, and with difficulty tamed. It partakes in many particulars of the habits of the deer tribe. The fpecies is faid to be ex- tremely numerous in the regions above-mentioned, as may eafily be con- ceived from the great quantity .of mufk which is imported from thence, and difperfed throughout Europe. To be particular in the defcription of that celebrated perfume, would be to tell our readers what they are already acquainted with. It is well known to be a fecretion of a peculiar nature, formed in a particular cyft or receptacle, fituated under the lower part of the animals belly. It is when recent of a moft penetrating odor; of a [lightly tenacious or nearly: friable fubftance, and of a reddifh or ferruginous .colour. PEP RA Com) P PR o RDP ll-C Og BA CHARACTER GENERTCUS Rostrum capite brevius, bafi fubtrigonum, integerrimum, apice incurvum, Pzpzs grefforii. Lin, Cr ARH CO"ER'"SPECHEEFETPGU'S,"&e Pipra crifta erecta margine purpurea, corpore croceo, tectricibus reétricum truncatis. . Lin. Rupicola, Briffctiy GO. Aside AZT «Mo Tents 194. fo d. a a Ap s Americanas et Indicas, voce fuavi et canora quz fylvis pratifque Eu- ropais amoenitatem affert et oblectamentum, plerumque carentes, colori- bus tamen mirum in modum vividis et variis fuperbire notum eft. Harum non- nulle. fplendidiffima colorum diverfitate fant infignite; nonnulle unico colore per totum fere corpus aque diffufo diftinguuntur. Exemplo fit avis in tabula depicta; qua integra et bene fe habens, coloris vere crocei Ípecimen exhibet pulcherrimum, ipfa Paradifea aurea, cujus dorfum eodem fere colore nitefcit, non excepta. Eft etiam Pipre Rupicole alind fingulare ornamentum; crifta nempe comprefía et erecta, duplex, longitudinaliter fita, cujus dua interne fu- perficies valde fibi invicem appropinquant. Tres tantum preterea aves funt, ut puto, que criftam habent fimiliter formatam; Mergus nempe cucullatus Lin. Columba coronata Lin. et Columba criftata Lathamii. Eadem eft crifta his avibus, quz fane pre ceteris ornamento maximo certe et fibi peculiari infig. ' niri videntur. j Plums Con) Plume praterea que caudam tegunt Rupicole, quzque funt ab utraque parte caude, abfciflae videntur ad apices velut ope forficum ; non ut alis avi- bus, orbiculate vel fenfim attenuate. Hic terminandi modus in lingua _hiftorico- naturali truncatus nominatur. Alja pauce aves exempla hujufmodi fuppeditant ; praefertim Meleagris Gallopavo Lin. cujus collum, pe&us et latera, pennis fi- milis ftru&ure teguntur; et Loxia Coccothranftes Lin. cujus remiges fecundarii oblique utrinque ad apices truncati funt, ut formam fecuridis bellicae veteris pre fe ferant. Plume praterea Rupicole ab utraque parte caudex funt lax- iffime, ut videantur ab ipfa natura negligenter impofite, quod et Ardeis ob- tigit, et precipue avi-Paradifex. Caput fi quis obitur intueatur, primo putet Rupicolam in ordine Gallinaceo debere numerari; roftrum enim roftro galli vulgaris non eft abfimile ; ideoque a nonnullis nomine galli faxatilis vocatur ; nominaturque ab EpwaRDs, qui caput avis accurate depingi curavit, (parum enim tunc temporis de illa notum eft,) Hoopce ben, feu Gallina Upupa. Cum tamen ad Syftema Linnzanum Rupicole characterer genericos attentius fcru- tamur, neceffe eft ut ad genus Pipre amandetur; (quod et ipfum Edwardum non effugit) In gehere igitur Pipre velut gigas eminet; alie enim fpecies plereque funt parve avicule: tenet itaque fuoin genere eundem locum qgem columba coronata in genere columba. Quod ad mores et habitus hujus avis attinet, nihil forfan addi poteft preter quod obfervavit LarHamius in Synopfi fua avium; qui dicit illam cavernas tenebrofas rupium incolere, ibique nidificare, ovaque duo alba columbinis fimi. lia deponere. Addit illeavem effe feram et timidam, ut tamen cicurari -poffit, et inter aves villaticas et galinaceas fervari; et in Cayana et Guiana in Ame- rica Auftrali precipue reperiri. Valde diverfus eft color maris et feminz; haec nempe tota fuíca eft, et criftam gerit multo minus elegantem. : Pulli eti- am maículi fufi funt, vel faltem fubfufi, Interdum eveniffe dicitur ut femina in veflitu maris, feu croceo fuerit confpecta. Similem mutationem gallinis in- terdum accidere notifimum eft. — — — ip quo á uat ege EDU SS nn E AL AME i p^ AD oet Ludo Mis xe cutn Jikclton « PIPRA RUPICOLA THE ROCK MANAKIN LÁ ur the Act directs. Jum) 0g by 1 Farkirgor Leverum T ufo € 222. Cr) PPE PROC Te" WON AK £'N SENER TC "CHA RA C'S EX BiLr fhorter than the head, fomewhat triangular at the bafe, bent at the tip, Fzzr grefforial. ——————— — — ——— &PECIFPFIC:I/IXCELA RAC TE Ruy && Orange-coloured Manakin with upright compreffed creft, and coverts of the tail truncated. Hoopoe hen. : Edw. Glean. t. 264. Coq. de roche du Pérou. Buff. Hift. Nat. des Oif. 4. p. 437. —ÀÓ—— MM —— M ——— M —MÓM—— —Ó—Ó— — que n Birds of America and the Faft- Indies, tho' in general not remarka- ble for that pleafing power of melody which gives fo lively a charm to the European groves and fields, are yet fupereminently diftinguifhed by the beauty, variety, and luftre of their plumage: Sometimes exhibiting a rich and fplendid diverfity of colour in the fame bird, and fometimes affording an ex- “ample of one fingle or individual colour uniformly diffufed almoít over the whole body. Of this the bird which forms the fubject of this prefent plate “is a very remarkable example. When in a ftate of perfection it furnifhes per- haps the fineft example of the true color croceus, or golden-orange, of any bird yet difcovered ; not excepting even the Paradifea aurea, or Golden Paradife- bird, the back of which is very nearly of the fame colour. Another very kurious particular, and which takes place in very few other birds, is the crifta erecto- (163). erecto-compreffa, or the flattened upright creit, which is placed longitudinally and is double, with the two furfaces nearly approaching each other. The only birds (perhaps) yet known, in which a fimilarity of ftrutture in the creft takes place, “are, the Mergus Cucullatus Lin. or Crefted Goofeander; the great Crowned Indian Pigeon, (Col coronata Lin.) and the leffer Crowned Pigeon of Latham; in which birds the creft is nearly of a fimilar ftructure, and may ftand as an example of one-of the principal beauties obfervable in the. feathered tribe. There is ftill another circumftance to be obferved in this curious bird; viz. the very fingular formation of the feathers which lie ‘over the tail, as well as thofe which appear on each fide the tail: thefe feathers are neither gradually leffened towards their extremities, nor rounded, which are the ufual terminations of the feathers -in moft birds; but they appear as if cut off tranfverfely towards their ends with {ciffars. This is a mode of termination which in the language of Natural Hiftory is called truncated. There are not wanting fome few inftances of afimilar form in the feathers of "other birds; the. inftance which moft readily occurs is that of the feathers on the neck, breaft, and fides of the common turkey. Another example is afforded by the fhorter wing-feathers of the bird called the Haw-finch, (Loxia Coc- cothranftes Lin.) in which the tips are fomewhat obliquely truncated on each fide, fo as to refemble the figure of an ancient battle-axe. The feathers on each fide the tail are loofely webbed, or naturally difhevelled; a ftructure of feather which takes place in many birds, but in none more remarkably than in the genus Ardea, which contains the Heron tribe; and in the Paradifea, or bird of Paradife. There is fomething in the air and appearance of the head of the Pipra Rupicola, which feems at firft glance to make a near ap- proach to the Gallinaceous tribe, the beak being not unlike that of a common fowl It is from.this circumftance that the bird has received the title of the Cock of the Rock; and the accurate Mr. Edwards, who has given a pretty good C o4. good reprefentation of the head of the bird, (all that was then known,) has called it by the name of the Hoopoe-Hen. On ftrictly examining however the beak and other parts according to the true principles of the Linnean arrangement, we find that the bird does not in reality belong to that tribe. It is a true Pipra; a genus in which moft of the other fpecies are finall birds ; fo that it is as gigantic a bird in its own genus, as the Great Crowned Pigeon is in that of Columba. With refpect to the habits and hiftory of this bird I believe nothing can be added to what Mr. Latham has faid in his Synopfis of birds, viz. that it principally inhabits the holes and dark caverns of rocks, &c. in which it breeds, laying two white eggs of the fize of thofe of a Pigeon: that it is a wild and timid bird, yet capable of being domefticated fo as to be kept with common poultry; and that it is principally found in the provinces of Guiana and Cayenne in South America. The female is ftrikingly different in point of colour; being of an uniform brown; and has a creft lefs elegant than the male. It is alfo faid that the young are at firft inclining to brown, and that there have not been wanting inftances in which the fe- male has appeared in a plumage nearly fimilar to that of the male. A cir- cumftance which has been fometimes obferved in the gallinaceous tribe. No. 1. D M O S- C xj MOs CH OS GR EMM i. — À—— as re ee woe CHARACTER GENER FCUS. Cornva nulla. Dentes Lawrann fuperiores folitarii exferti, Linz CHA RAC TERS PE CLE ME'U'S) eG Mofchus capite fafciculo tophofo. Lin. Capra fylveftris Africana Grimmii,. Ray. Quadr. 80.. Antilope Grimmia,. Gmel. Syft, Nat. 1. p. 191. — UO tempore Linnzus ultimam (duodecimam nempe) editionem Syfte- O matis Nature confcripfit, quo in genere collocaretur Mofchus Grimmia: multum dubitatum eft; cumque foeminam, cornubus carentem, (fola enim fce-. minea fpecimina tunc temporis in Mufea Europea advenerant) qui primus de eo differuit, defcripferit Dominus Grimme ; Linnzus igitur, fagacem fecutus Briffonium, retulit illum ad genus Mofchi. Poftquam. vero. progreffu: temporis penitius explorati effent characteres, compertum eft pertinere illum potius ad Antelai genus, in quo fane a folertifümo. Pennanto difponitur, Fatendum quidem eft videri eum forma moribufque Mofcho affinem, et effe quafi com- mune quoddam vinculum inter genera Cervi, Mofchi, et Antelai. Notandum «ft C 19 ) eit fub multorum, immo plurimorum antelaorum oculis effe finum feu ca- vitatem ; fed in eorum nullis infignius quam in Mofcho de quo jam lo- quimur. Forma eft Mofchus elegantiffima ; colore badio fubflavefcente, fubtus pal- lidiore. Cornua breviffima, glabra, nigra, et modice acuta. Fronti inter cor- nua adhzret fafciculus retro flexus, acuminatus, niger, pilorum feu potius fe- tarum, nam pilis reliqui corporis longe duriores funt. Hoc optime defignatur character fpecificus. Oculi magni. Ungule parve, nigra. Africam, Guineam precipue incolit Mofchus Grimmia. Ingenio eft miu timidoque. Praftat agilitate, modoque vivendi plerifque Antelais fimillimus eft, D4 T Iib ( 20 ) THE. GUINEA SEU S E GENERIC .CIARSCITEE Tufks in the upper jaw. Small cutting teeth in the lower jaw; none in the upper. SPJECIEDeIHARACT IB Mufk with a fharp pointed tuft of hair on the upper part of the head. Guinea Antelope, Pennant. Quadr. f. 72. La Grimme. De Buffon. 12. 307. t. 41. T the time when Linneus compofed the laft Edition of the Syítema Nature, an uncertainty prevailed with refpect to the proper arrange- ment of this animal; and as no other than female fpecimens had then been feen in the European Mufeums, and as the individual fpecimen mentioned by Dr. Grimm, its firít defcriber, was faid to be without horns, Linnzus was therefore induced to place it as a fpecies of the genus Mofchus; in which he followed the example of the judicious Briffon. The characters of the ani- mal are now better known, and it is found to belong with greater propriety to the genus Antelope, in which it is placed by Mr. Pennant. Itis to be ob- ferved however that it has ftrongly the general habit and appearance of a Mufk, and forms as it were a connecting link between the genera of Mof- chus, 7, 2) Liyleyy ded ( 21 ) chus, Cervus, and Antelaus. It is remarkable that in many, if not in moft fpecies of Antelope, a fort of cavity or finus exifts under the eye. This particularity takes place in a very remarkable manner in the creature at pre- fent under confideration; and in the living animal is even more ftrikinely confpicuous than in the Antelopes themfelves. The whole animal is extremely elegant in its appearance; its colour is a clear yellowifh bay; fomewhat paler beneath. The horns are very short, fmooth, black, and moderately fharp. On the forehead between the horns is a very confpicuous tuft of erect black hairs of a ftronger nature than the reft of the body. This forms one of its moft ftriking characters as a fpecies; it inclines a little backwards, and has an acute termination. The eyes are large, the hoofs fmall and black. This animal is a native of Africa, and particularly of Guinea. It is of a wild, timid nature; is poffeffed of the greateft degree of agility, and in its general habits and manner of life refembles the generality of the Antelope tribe, ( 22 ) DIDELPHIS MARSUPIALIS? CHARACTER GENERICUS. Dentes Primores fuperiores ro; inferiores 8; intermediis 2 bteviffimis, Laniari longi. Moranzs denticulati, Lincua fubciliata, ForrtcvLus abdominalis mammarum. Lin. CHAR A Cot ER. .5PECLEICULS, vbw Didelphis mammis 8 intra abdomen ? Lin, Opofium. Tyfom. AG. Angl. n. 239. Ray. Quadr. 182. UM primo detegeretur occiduus orbis, ftupuerunt homines latiffuime ex- panfam regionem, novamque ipfius telluris faciem : nec minus mirati funt phyfici magnum animalium antea inauditorum et anomalorum numerum. Perculit illos precipue Opoffum, five Didelphis, pullos appropinquante periculo, intra facculum abdominalem, benigno naturz cuftodientis confilio, ad libitum re- cipere folita. Diu habebatur totum hoc genus, (quod plurimas continet fpecies) Americam folam incolere. Inveftigavit poftea phyficorum fedulitas in aliis inundi partibus animalia confimilia : in infula precipue Java pictor Le Brun, ipfe licet Co ae | licet fcientia naturalis parum ftudiofus, perculfus tamen rei novitate, beftiam congenerem Philandrum fideliter depinxit, cujus catulos ipfe vidit e matris fac- culo, abdominali exeuntes et circumfpectantes. Noftris vero temporibus, con- junéto navigatorum et philofophorum ftudio, compertus eft alter quafi novus orbis, animalia continens queis eadem datur capfula ad recipiendos pullos : quo- rum przcipue memorandz funt fpecies dug Macropi, feu Kanguroo. — Quinetiam cetera Nove Hollandiz quadrupedia, utcunque in aliis differant, in hoc tamen: cum Didelphidibus aliquatenus. conveniunt. Species quam reprefentat tabula vulgaris, feu Opoffum communiter et xaT e£oyny dicta, primo omnium: detegebatur, ceteris major. Vix feli domef- tice cedit magnitudine, forma craffiori. Color cinereo-fubflavefcens. Pilus mol- lis, denfus, paululum erectus. Aures tenues, nigricantes, rotundate, margine albo cinétz.. Cauda aliquatenus fquamofa, pilis rariffimis tegitur ; preben/ilis quo-- que eft; eam nempe circa quodcunque voluerit contorquere poteft Didelphis, ut fufpendat fe more multarum fimiarum. Nullam ja&are poteft pulchritudinem ; facies enim elongata eft, ore ampliffimo. Pedes unguibus acuminatis. muniti. funt; digiti vero: interiores feu pollices pedum pofticorum, ungues. habent (ut fint fimiarum) rotundatos. Crura nigricant. Venter albet. Pars caude fu- perior tantum non nigra. Carnibus vefcitur Didelphis, gallinas avefque mi- nores, nec non. alia animalia, more Putori Europzi, pradatur.. Puli primo nati embryonibus dicuntur effe fimiles, facculumque abdomina- lem vel ipfi ilico intrant, aut ibi a parente reponuntur; uberibus fefe arcte afigunt, fimulque ac increverit robur et magnitudo, iterum in lucem prodeunt 5. geinceps latibulum non nifi periculum veriti querentes.. THE A E" VIRG FN PAN? 'OVP*O*S*SSUMNIE GEN ERC «CoHSA E AO. Bek. Two canine teeth in each jaw. Cutting teeth unequal in number in each jaw. Five toes on each foot: hind feet formed like a hand, with a diftin& thumb. Tail very long, flender, and ufually naked. Pennant. S PECIEILC :ÁCH.A-R.A)GIBEJMy, Ss Yellowifh-grey Opoffum, with blackifh rounded ears edged with white. Virginian Opoffum. Pennant. £uadr. p. 301. Opoffum. Phil. Tranf. abridged, 2. 884. t. 13. HE difcovery of the weftern world, while it aftonifhed mankind by its vaft extent of territory, and a new face of nature in the earth itfelf, was not lefs productive of wonder to naturalifts in the numerous and curious fpecies of animals then firít introduced to the knowledge of the European philofophers. Amongft thefe ftriking examples of fingular ftruc- ture the Opoffum formed one of the principal objects: an animal in which nature appeared to have exerted a new and unheard-of contrivance for the protection of the young; which, inftead of being expofed during their ftate of helplefs infancy to the cafualties to which other creatures are liable, were K M MAVC M \ WW SM T QURE l All Wii NS I J I» d. li "A TM UN f bd Tue qu "m pun a Aa ( 55 ) were fecurely concealed in a pouch fituated under the body of the female. So wonderful. an example of the preferving power of nature was moft juftly admired by the philofophic world; and the different fpecies of Opoffum, (for the genus is of confiderable extent, were long regarded as the peculiar and exclufive natives of the American Continent. The refearches however of naturalits in time difcovered that there exifted in other parts of the globe animals of a fimilar ftru&ure, and in the ifland of Java in particular, an animal which belongs to this genus was difcovered by Le Brun, the painter, who, tho’ not himíelf a fcientific naturalift, could not fail to be ftruck by a circumftance of fo much curiofity. He has accordingly defcribed an animal called the Philander, in which he obferved the young peeping out of their temporary refidence in the ventral pouch of their parent. ‘The perfevering efforts of navigators accompanied by naturalits have at length dicovered as it were another new world, and other animals, not lefs furprifing than the Opoffums; and which feem in many particulars to agree in ftru&ure with thofe animals; being like them furnifhed with an abdominal pouch for the temporary refidence of their young. Of this the two fpecies of Kanguroo are remarkable examples; and even the other quadrupeds of New Holland, tho’ very different in the reft of their generic characters, ftill make fome approach to the genus Didelphis or Opoffum. The particular fpecies of Opoffum reprefented on the plate is the common or large American fpecies, or the Opoffum emphatically fo called; which was the fpecies firít difcovered, and is much larger than the reft of its genus. It is fcarce inferior in fize to a cat, but is of a thicker form. Its colour is a pale yellowifh afh or grayifh, and its fur is foft and thick, and grows fomewhat erect. 'The ears are thin, blackifh, round, and edged with a border of white. The tail is very thinly coated with hair; and has [iomewhat of a fcaly appearance: it is alfo prehenfile, or poflefled of a power of coiling, like thofe of fome monkeys, round any obje& by which the ani- No. I. E mal v ( 26 ) mal pleafes to fufpend itfelf. It is a creature which has no great fhare of external beauty. It has a long or produced fharp face, and a very wide mouth. The feet are furnifhed with fharp claws, but the interior toes, or thumbs, of the hind feet are flat and rounded, and have nails like thofe of the monkey tribe. The legs are blackifh, and the belly white. The upper part of the tail is nearly black. It is a carnivorous animal, and preys on poultry and the fmaller birds and other creatures, in the manner of the European polecat. The young, when firft born, are faid to refemble foetufes, and they either enter the abdominal pouch themfelves, or elfe are immediately placed there by the parent animal; where they attach themfelves immoveably to the teats, and when they have attained fufficient growth and ftrength, again emerge; after which they occafionally take refuge in the fame receptacle on the approach of any danger, and are carried about by the parent. PSIT- C» ) PIOS: PPARs ST. EE N DED U's: CHARS CGC LER, GEN E.R IT CUS, Rostrum aduncum: mandibula fuperiore mobili; cera inftructa. Nares in roftri bafi. Lincva carnofa, obtufa, integra. Pzpzs fcanforii. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 139. CH ARACIOER SPECIELDLCUS,. &c Pfittacus macrourus fanguineus, dorfo nigro maculato, alis caudaque cyaneis. Pfittacus Pennantii. Lath. Ind. Orn. p. 91. No. 26. Oloribus vividis adeo et variis decoravit natura numerofas pfittacorum fpe- cies, ut vix ulla arte pictoria ad vivum poffint exprimi; interdum etiam ipfe fpecies, ob nimiam inter fe affinitatem et admixturam, vix ac ne vix ac- curate diftingui. Hanc difficultatem non parum auget magna illa differentia que inter marem et fceminam ejufdem fpeciei non raro contingit. Species jam defcribenda charaéteres quoad colores gerit adeo diftinétos, ut ab aliis adulta et perfeéta facile dignofci queat. In quibufdam tamen fpeciminibus, que forte ad maturitatem non pervenerint, vel fexus funt feeminei, tanta eft plumarum diverfitas ut in dubio hereant phyfici quam ad fpeciem debeant referri, E2 Piit- ( 28 ) Pfittacus hic formofus plerofque fui generis antecedit pulchritudine et colo- rum fplendore. Ad fpecies macrouras {eu longicaudas pertinet, et inter pfittacos vulgo Lories dictos numerandus eft. Color ejus generalis eft vivide fanguineus, corporis parte inferiore paulum pallidiore. Penne dorfi nigte funt, rubro cin&tz. Humeri, feu tectrices minores lucide coerulei. — Verfus mediam alarum partem color cceruleus magis cyaneus eft, non fine virore " aliquo obfcuriore. Super axillas color pennarum niger in maculam traniverfam nigram, apicibus acumi- natis difcurrit. Cauda prelonga ad imum eft cuneatior. Rectrices due inter- medie virore tincte funt, relique pulcherrime cyanez, marginibus lucidioribus. Uropygium fanguinei eft ruboris. — Crura pedefque nigricant. Roftrum albi- cans fubflavefcit, bafi plumbea. Ab utraque parte maxille inferioris macula eft lucide coerulea; quo fane figno fpecies ipía poffit dignofci; in omnibus enim mihi hactenus vifis clare femper extitit. Formofa hec avis Nove EHollandie eft incola, et a Lathamio in Synopfi fua avium, nomine Pfittaci Pennantii, in honorem celeberrimi Domini Pen- nant, diftinguitur. Cum tamen nomina ut dicuntur; trivialia, ad ipfius animalis quod defcribitur vel colorem, vel mores et habitus, aliqua ex parte, quamvis fape forfan remotius, debeant referri, potius mihi vifum eft avem novo nomine defignare. Pfittacum igitur /plendidum apellavi. THE Aw EG SoPD;ESE*NSDID.P.AR-R.O.T. GENBEREGC GEI ARCA © iE Re Birt hooked. Upper mandible moveable. Nostrizs round, placed in the bafe of the bill. 'Toxcvz flefhy, broad, blunt at the end. Lzcs fhort. Toes formed for climbing; viz. two toes forward, “and two backward. Wee CLE LO CR A RAC ET E Rex. &c, Long-tailed fanguine-red Parrot, with the back fpotted with black, the wings and tail blue. Pennantian Parrot. Lath. Symopf. Suppl. p. 61. Splendid Parrot. Naturalif?’s Mifcellany, pl. $3. ATURE has been fo profufe of her decorations in the Parrot tribe, and the number of ípecies into which fhe has diftributed thefe birds is fo great, that it is difficult to imitate with precifion the former in paint- ing, and to diftinguifh with accuracy the latter by exact fpecific characters. This difficulty is (till further increafed by the numerous variations to which they are fubjeét, as well as by the difference which frequently takes place in the oppofite fexes of the fame bird. The prefent fpecies feems to poflefs characters as to its plumage, which in the full grown bird can never fail of difcriminating it eafily as a diftin& fpecies; but in thofe individuals which are either not arrived at their mature age, or elfe are female birds, a very con- C @ 2 confiderable diverfity of plumage takes place; fo great as to caft a doubt over the fpecies, and prevent it from being at all times accurately afcertained. This beautiful Parrot perhaps exceeds moft of its tribe in the richnefs and fplendor of its appearance. It belongs to the divifion of the genus known by the name of long-tailed Parrots, (Pfittact macrouri) and may be placed among the fpecies commonly called Lories. The general colour of the bird is the richeft fanguine red, fomewhat lighter on the under part of the body. The feathers on the back are black, edged with red. The fhoulder parts or coverts of the wings are of a moft elegant lucid blue, which towards the middle of the wing becomes fomewhat darker, and accompanied by a tinge of green. Juft above the axille or inferior bend of the wings the black runs out on each fide into a broadifh fpot with fharpened extremities. ‘The tal is very long and cuneated: the two middle feathers tinged with green, the reft arich deep blue, the edges being more vivid than the other parts. The rump is of the fame fanguine red with the reft of the bird. The legs and claws are black or nearly fo. The beak of a whitifh yellow, "lead coloured at the bafe; and on each fide of the under mandible is a patch of feathers of a very rich lucid blue, which feems to be one of the moft diftinguifhed marks of the fpecies, fince in all which I have yet feen it has been uniformly confpicuous. This curious bird is a native of New Holland, and has been named by Mr. Latham the Pennantian Parrot, in honour of the clebrated Mr. Pennant; but as trivial names fhould if pofüble always be contrived in fuch a manner as to convey fome idea, (even tho’ an indiftin&t one,) of the fubje& itíclf, I have therefore thought it more advifeable to give a name which might in fome degree point out the beauty of the bird, and have accordingly called it Pfittacus fplendidus, C E R- - a3 GuigEs Rag Wo ath Saat A. Las Geile, 8 CHARACTER T GENERIC U S. Conwva folida, tenera, corio hirto tecta apiceque crefcentia, denudata, annua. Dentes Pniwonzs inferiores 8. Lawranr nulli (interdum | folitarii fuperius.) Lin. GEA Ret QUUD EXRGGSCESE.C I EF RC ES, Se. Cervus cornibus acaulibus palmatis caruncula gutturali. Lin. Syfl. Nat. p. 92. Alce. Pim- Hv. Nat. 9576 1$. Cervus cornibus ab imo ad fummum palmatis. Bri Regn. Anim. p. 93. v. 9. ———— —Ó—MM—M —M—MMMMM—MM — NTER cervos maximus eft Alces; eft enim illi moles pene equina. Ve- teris fimul et novi orbis eft incola; at ini America et Afiz partibus fri- gidioribus, amplior eft quam in Europa. Ab aliis fui generis precipue dif- tinguitur cornuum figura menfuraque, que a ftipite feu bafi breviffima illico: latiffime expanduntur, excurruntque in plurimos ramulos extrinfecus acuminatos;. qui junioribus pauciores funt quam adultis. Alces frigidiffimas regiones inco- lere voluit natura. In nullis Europe regionibus confpicitur nifi feptentrionalibus,. et precipue Boreali Suecia. Norunt ilum Americani nomine Mo. Plerique phyfici peramplum et cráfüffimum labium fuperius illi tribuunt: in hoc tamen ipfo fpecimine a feptentrionali Suecia nuper delato, quodque pulcherrimum fimul ac perfe&iffimum eft habitum, nihil hujufmodi videre eft. Le&torem admonitum velim figuram Alces in Buffoni hiftoria prave effe effictam. Multo. accuratius hoc animal reprefentat Pennantius in Zoologia Arctica, Alces: 6 32) ! Alces, fubito excitatus, cum primum in fugam fe dare conatur, corruit in- terdum, velut motu privatus. Num hoc ab ictu epileptico, ut opinantur plures, feu a folo metu accidat, ut in equis notiffimum eft, feu alia quanam de caufa, difficile eft dicere. Res tamen ipfa non deneganda eft, que et fuperftitioni anili et populari anfam dedit, ungulis nempe Alces ineífe vim antiepilepticam ; et ferio olim credebatur poffe illum impetum hujus morbi a feipfo depellere, ungulo aurem fuam fricando. Pilo induitur Alces infigniter craffo, firmo et elaftico. Greffu plerumque incedit (ut phyfici folertis — verbis utar,) alto fed laxo, more fuccuffatoris; qui fane illi inceffus ob crurum longitudinem non male convenit. Corpus breve eft, obefum, et validum ; collo admodum curto, piloque inde in den- fam et fübere&am quafi jubam affurgente. Color generalis eft cinereo-fufcus obfcurior. Alces laceffitus, defendere fe folet pedibus anterioribus violenter feriendo, in quo fane pugnae genere adeo eft, peritus, ut canem, immo lupum interdum unico i&u pofüt occidere. Caro ejus nutrimenti fimul et faporis plena, frigidiorem orbem incolentibus inter cibos eft primarios et dele&abiles. Afferunt Americani cervum AMooe, qui inter varietates eft hujus fpeciei, ferinam prebere longe praeftantiffimam: nafufque ejus precipue inter lautifimas eorum delicias memoratur. Lingua quoque in pretio eft. Cum igitur caro adeo przcellat, per campos nivofaque orbis arétici deferta exquiritur Alces, plagifque et omnigena fraude in perniciem illius confpiratur. Fit etiam non raro ut a lupis et urfis occidatur. Animal eft Alces mite. et innocuum, vaítas zone frigidae íylvas incolens, ubi arborum ramulos et yir- gulta depafcitur. Notandum eft vafta illa cornua, in Hibernia aliifque Europe partibus e terra effoffa, quzeque cornua effe Alces opinati funt plures phyfici, fi atten- fius infpiciantur, ab illis et figura et menfura plurimum diftare, five fit Aices Europzus, five Americanus. Hanc igitur fententiam hodierni jure refpuerunt. NOH E “2ALMUISHTT UDP RIAA? LOLSUMIMY J JRG 7447 UMP 292 7/7)? JID! 229) 8S? GA? (ICH Une aS COP? ALY COLE 1,4 § 7 Yl 9 79?7 fpe appe > LAT qn Gai NE—RICcCHARg ACTER: Horns upright, folid, branched, annually deciduous. Eight cutting teeth in the lower jaw; none in the upper. Pennant. S IEICERDI COGI ARACTER;:'&e Deer with nearly ftemleís palmated horns, and commonly a guttural caruncle. Elk. Pennant. Quadr. p. 93. L. Elan Buff. 12. 79. tab. 7, 8. HE Elk is the largeft fpecies of the Deer kind, and is in fize but little inferior to a horfe. It is common to both continents, but in America and fome of the coldeft parts of Afia it attains to a ftill larger fize than in Europe. Its principal mark of diftin&ion from the other fpe- cies of its genus is the fhape or manner of growth of the horns, which from a very fhort ftem or lower part immediately expand into a great width, and run into feveral fharp-pointed proceffes externally. The number of thefe proceffes differs according to the age of the animal, and is moft confiderable in thofe of advanced life. It is an animal peculiarly adapted by nature to cold climates. In Europe it is found in the northern regions, and more particularly in the northern parts of Sweden. In America it is known by the name of the Moofe-Deer. Moft authors in their defcriptions of the No. I. F Elk, ( 34 ) Elk, mention the grcat length and thicknefs of the upper lip. In the fpeci- men however from which this figure was taken, and which was lately brought over from Sweden, and regarded as a fpecimen of uncommon perfe&ion and beauty, no appearance of this kind is vifible, I think it neceffary to obferve that the figure of the Elk in the natural hiftory of the Count de Buffon is fach as to convey no juft idea of the animal, but in the Ar&ic Zoology of Mr, Pennant is a much fuperior reprefentation. : This animal when fuddenly difturbed, and endeavouring to make its efcape, ' ds fometimes obferved to fall down, as if deprived for fome moments of the power of motion. "Whether this be really owing (as has frequently been ima- gined) to an epileptic fit, or whether merely arifing from fear, or fudden furprife, as is fometimes the cafe in horfes, or from what other caufe is perhaps not very eafy to determine. The fact however is fo well authenticated as to lay claim to our belief. Whatever be the caufe of the phznomenon itfelf, it has given rife to the popular fuperftition of attributing to the hoofs of the Elk avery great and powerful virtue as an anti-epileptic medicine; and it was once imagined that the Elk had a power of curing itfelf of its own diforder, or of preventing an approaching fit, by fcratching its ear with its hoof. The hait of the Elk is remarkable thick, ftrong, and elaftic. Its ufual mode of progreffion is (to ufe the words of an accurate naturalift) “a high fhambling trot,” a pace which is the more peculiarly fuited to the creature on account of the remarkable length of its legs. The form of the body is thick, fhort, and ftrong: the neck very fhort, and rifing up behind into a fort of ftif- fened mane: the head very large, and the tail moft extremely fhort. The general colour of the animal is a deep iron-gray. When attacked, the Elk defends itfelf by ftriking violently forwards with his fore-feet, in the ufe of which he is fo dextrous as eafily to kill a dog, (and fometimes even a wolf) with a fingle blow, To C») To the inhabitants of the colder regions the Elk furnifhes a principal and luxurious article of food. The flefh is regarded as extremely nutritive and pleafant. That of the Moofe-Deer, or American variety, is reckoned the fineit venifon in the world, and the nofe is numbered amongít the greateft delica- cies that America affords. The tongue is alfo in great eftimation. In confe- quence of this fuperiority of its flefh as an article of diet, it is hunted over the plains and ínowy deferts of the northern regions, and every method is devifed by which the animal may meet its deftruction. It is alfo faid to be attacked, and not unfrequently deftroyed, by wolves and bears. It is a mild and harmlefs animal, and is principally fupported by brouzing the boughs of trees amongft the vaft and dreary forefts of the frozen zone. i I fhould not difmifs the fubje& of the Elk without mentioning that the enor- mous foffil horns which have been fo frequently found in Ireland and other parts of Europe, and which have generally been attributed to the Moofe or American Elk, are now no longer regarded as belonging to that animal; fince on an accurate examination they are found to differ both in figure and pro- portion, from thofe of the Elk, whether of Europe or America. F2 SIMEIA (13973 SIMIA MORMON. CFHLA RA, CT, ER... GyESNGEAR LE AS. Dentes Primores utrinque quatuor, approximati. Laxiann folitarii, longiores, hinc remoti. Moranzs obtufi. CHAR ACTER^SRPECTETCU:S$;&c Simia femicaudata fub-barbata olivaceo-fufca, genis coeruleis oblique ftriatis, natibus calvis fanguineis, lumbis violaceis. Simia Mormon. Ginel. Sy/ft. Nat. p. 29. Scbreber. X. p. 65. 4. 8. UM Linnzani Syftematis fynonyma, (quod fane ob operis ainplitudinem vix poffit evitari,) permifcuerit fepe falfoque citaverit illuftris auctor, eo fit ut confufa fit Papionis fpecies quam in tabula depinximus, cum altera omni- no diverfa, huic noftra licet, exceptis magnitudine vividifque coloribus, fimil- lima; cum Simia nempe Maimone Linnzi. Species de qua jam agitur, inter rariffimas fui generis merito numeratur: im Europam interdum invehitur, colorefque reliquis omnibus longe pulchriores for- tita eft, formamque mire peculiarem. Magnitudine interdum pedes quinque fuperat. Corpore eft firmo validoque, fpeciemque roboris auget quafi et efferat pili au M pili denfitas et longitudo: praefertim in partibus corporis fuperioribus. Oculi, quos inter exiguum eft fpatium, colore funt caftaneo; decurritque ab illis fafcia lata rubri ardentiffimi, feu coccinei, et fuper apicem roftri diffunditur, quod quafi abruptum et truncatum eft, roftro fuillo non longe abfimile. Genz funt {plendide violaceo-coerulez, fulcifque plurimis oblique ductis profunde notantur. Cetera facies ex albido fordide fubflavefcit. Super frontem affurgit vellus acu- minatum. A mento barba acuminata fub-aurantio-flava dependet. Dentes, (quos optime exprimit figura,) validiffimi et maximi. Circa collum pofticum pilus multo longior eft quam in reliquo corpore, efficitque quafi torquem ad partes anteriores decurrentem. Color imus ex olivario fufco-flavefcit, non fine nigredine quapiam in illo artuum latere quod exterius eít, et in dorfo. Pectus autem venterque fere albefcunt, et fuper torquem qui in collo exftat, circaque nates, coloris violaceo-fufci veftigia quadam cernuntur. Lurnborum regio pene denudatur pilis, et coloris eft eximie violaceo-coerulei, in late coccineum fen- _fim tranfeuntis : rubor autem precipuus in partibus pofticis caudam. cingit breviffimam et fere nullam. Manus pedefque interne nigricant, latifque et acu- minatis unguibus muniuntur. Ingenü eft robore Simia Mormon, diftinguiturque ferocitate magis quam manfuetudine ; quod Papionibus majoribus commune eft. Africam incolit interiorem. Quamvis in carcere inclufa fedens fepe confpi- ciatur ut refert tabula, fui tamen juris uteretur communiter eodem: corporis fitu quo cetera quadrupedia. Notandum eft falfo fynonymorum citatione con- fundi fepius hanc ipeciem cum Papione Sphinge Linnzi, a quo tamen lon- gifime diftat, quemque vix alium crediderim ab. illo qui Papio vulgaris. dicitur, THE ( 38 j THE VARIEGATED BABOON. GENER LC, CHAR ACIER, Front Tzrru in each jaw 4, placed near together. Canine Terra folitary, longer than the others, diftant from the remaining teeth or grinders. Grinpers obtufe. SITECUPEFCUCIPAOB AC er EB Short-tailed whifkered Baboon, bare behind, with pointed nails, and violet- coloured loins. Great Baboon. Pennant. Quadr. p. 173. Variegated Baboon. Naturalff s. Mifcellany, pl. 48. M MÀ Án H— I a P — — — M n I P — QM — ROM a confufion and mifapplication of fynonyms, which, in fo extenfive a work as that of the Syftema Nature of Linneus, feems almoft un- avoidable, it has happened that the fpecies of Baboon here reprefented has been confounded with one really different, though very much refembling it. The fpecies alluded to is the Simia Maimon of Linnzeus, which, except in fize and vivid colours, bears the higheft general refemblance to our prefent animal, This BAB OQJIN T "t " js Y, ie p “Ny Eo ul moro V ny dn nU ] € 39 ) This very curious creature may be confidered as one of the rareft of its tribe, and is not often to be feen in Europe. It is however fometimes ob- tained, and exhibits at once the moft beautiful and lively colours of any fpe- cies yet known, and at the fame time an appearance in the higheft degree fingular and ftriking. It is an animal of very confiderable fize, having been fometimes feen more than five feet high. Its form is uncommonly ftrong and mufcular, while the great length and thicknefs of the hair on the fuperior parts of the body ftill adds to this appearance of ftrength and vi- gour. The eyes (which are placed very clofe or near each other) are of a deep hazel. Down the middle of the nofe from the eyes runs a broad band of vivid vermilion red, which diffufes itfelf over the tip of the fnout, which has a fomewhat abrupt termination, in fome degree approaching to that of a hog. The fides of the nofe are of a very fine violaceous blue, and are very. ftrongly marked by feveral deep furrows in an oblique direction. The re- mainder of the face is of a pale dull whitifh yellow. On the top of the front the hair rifes in a very remarkable manner into a pointed form. Beneath the chin is a pointed beard of a light orange-yellow. The teeth (as the figure well expreffes,) are moft extremely ftrong and large. Round the back of the neck the hair is much longer than on other parts, and inclines down- wards on the fore parts, fomewhat in the manner of a wreath or tippet. The general colour of the animal is an olivaceous-yellow-brown, with a caft of blackifh on the outfide of the limbs and back; but is much lighter or almoft whitifh infront of the body; and on the projecting tippet of the neck and round the hips it has a flight tinge of violet-brown. Round the region of the loins the fkin is almoft bare, and is of a moft beautiful violet- blue, which gradually alters into a vivid vermilion, which is more confpicuous: On. ( 49 ) on the hinder part where it furrounds the tail which is extremely fhort and fcarce apparent. The hands and feet are of a dufky colour internally, and are furnifhed with broad but pointed claws. It is an animal of great ftrength and ferocity, and, like other large Baboons, is generally diftinguifhed more by thefe qualities than by thofe of docility and mildnefs. It is a native of the interior parts of Africa. Tho’ in a ftate of confine- ment it frequently fits in the manner reprefented in the figure, yet its natural and ufual pofture is like that of other quadrupeds. It fhould be obferved, that from the mifquotation of the fynonymous names of authors, it has hap- pened that this fpecies has been erroneoufly defcribed and quoted as the Simia Sphinx of Linnzus ; which is a fpecies widely different, and indeed feems to be no other than the common large Baboon. PH A- E Baa Io uLIUSS; Ay Re GU oS, Cr Aah ALC EXE RASGBONASER PC. D. S. Genz cute nuda lxvigata. Lin... Syl... Nat. 2-203, Siok Ac © eae S'TREIFICUS, &c. Phafianus luteo-fufcus, nigro punctatus, remigibus maculis ocellaribus ovatis. Phafianus Argus. Lin. yf... Nats .. 272, Lath. Ind. Orn. p. 62g. Rande in hac avi habemus exemplum quid poffit colorum conjunctio, qui figillatim vifi, ob modicam et quotidianam pulchritudinem nihili habentur. Carens Argus lauta illa fulgidaque varietate qua penne phafiani picti Linnzi, five aurati, fuperbiunt; rutiloque et gemmant illius, qui communis feu Col- chicus dicitur, afpe&u; jactat tamen elegantem quandam venuftatem, princi- pemque fibi inter congeneres locum, nec immerito, videtur vindicare. Color primarius languide fufco-flavefcit, maculis undulifque innumeris nigri- cantibus variatus. Ornatur alarum remigum exterius latus ferie continua ma- cularum ovatarum et ocellatarum, leviter fufcarum, cinéctarumque circulo fub- nigro, qui alio albo includitur. Area feu pars media macularum, pallidior multo eft interius juxta fcapum quam exterius. Reliqua tota longitudo lateris exterioris ferie ftriarum nigricantium obliquarum notatur, maculifque plurimis No. I. G ro. rotundis ejufdem coloris. Lateris interioris feu latioris pars qua fcapo proxima, eft fufco-ferruginea; reliquum fere albet, maculifque creberrimus, rotundis, nigri- cantibus, more teíte illius nomine Cyprew Tigridis bene cognite, pulcherrime infignitur. Scapus penne albicat. Alarum penne breviores feu ad humeros pofite a longioribus jam. deferiptis differunt et nequaquam tamen cedunt pulchritudine, licet ocellis careant: {Capus enim plumbeo-cceruleus, — color- que primarius clarior et lucidior elegantius variatur: pars fcilicet. exterior fufco- flavefcit, fub-nigro maculata, qualiter tefta Cypraa; interior feu latior, que pulcherrime ferrugineo-pallida, punctis rotundis albis denfiffime confpergitur ; api- cefque fufco-pallefcunt labeculis nigris rotundis diftincti. Caput parfque colli fubccerulea, et pene denudantur plumis; fuper genas praecipue et circa orbitam oculorum; male tamen (in hoc faltem fpecimine) refpondent defcriptioni quam a Domino Edwards tranftulerunt Linnzus reli- quique. Capitis pars pofterior pennis parvulis nigricantibus leviffime videtur criftata. Dorfi et Uropygii fufco-flavefcunt penne, non fine punctis rotundis fub-nigris. Colli quoque et pectoris parti inferiori idem eft color; ftrim autem et macule nigricantes creberrime confluunt; quod et pennis nonnulli lateralibus obtigit. Cauda fufco-nigrans, punctis plurimis albis rotundis interftincta, ocellis, queis ale ornantur, penitus caret. Rectrices duz intermediz, ceteras longe fu- perantes, apices habent acuminatos, reliquz rotundatos. — Roftrum pedeíque pallida. Infulas Indie Orientalis, Sumatram precipue et abundanter incolit formo- fiffima hec avis. Cum folitudinis fit cupida, timidoque ingenio, vix ac ne vix cicur evadit. In fylvis precipue degit, et in hoc differre dicitur a congene- ribus, quod hebes inerfque diem terat, nocte vigil alacrifque; quo tempore querulam edit vocem palumbe non abfimilem. Magnitudine Meleagridi Gal- lopavoni Linnzi fere zqualis eft Phafianus Argus, a roftri apice ad apicem «auda circiter quinque pedes longus. TX ELE Shelton ARGUS THE ARGUS PHEASANT, 7 AL e 7) " Y. 37! 7727 ; E Lub.” asthe Aot directs Jan! Z,4 G2, by LLarkiisonLeverian Museum, ( 43.) SS TP eee eR CMS ^ PE AS AGN? E. GENERIC (CHARACTER, Cheeks covered with a fmooth naked fkin. Lin. wee crete CHARACTER, &c. Yellowifh-brown Pheafant, {potted with black ; the wing-feathers marked by oval ocellated fpots. Argus Pheafant. Lath. Synopf. 2. p. 710. L'Argus ou le Luen. Buff. Oif 2. p. 361. Phil, Tranf. vol. 55. pl. 3. p. 88. HIS bird affords a remarkable inftance of the wonderful effec of cer- tain colours in themfelves of no peculiar brilliancy, yet in combination producing an appearance of the moft beautiful kind. Without any of that fplendid gaiety which fhines in the plumage of the Golden Pheafant of China, or that rich profufion of glowing tints which adorn the male of the common Afiatic fpecies, it is yet diftinguifhed by an afpect fo fuperior as to be juftly regarded as the moft magnificent of its tribe. G2 The ( 4 4 The general or prevailing colour is a kind of foft yellowifh brown, varied by innumerable fpots and undulations of a deeper or blackifh colour. The long or principal feathers of the wings are marked on the exterior web by a con- tinued feries of large oval ocellated fpots of a light brown, furrounded by a blackifh circle, which is again bounded by a circle of white. The area or internal part of each of thefe eye-like fpots, is of a much paler colour on the fide next the fhaft, than on the oppofite one. The remainder of the outward web is marked throughout the whole length by oblique blackifh ftreaks, ac- companied by numerous round {pots ofthe fame colour. The larger or in- terior web is on the part next the fhaft of a ferruginous brown, while the remainder is of a very pale or whitifh colour, beautifully marked by a pro- digious number of round blackifh fpots, extremely refembling thofe on the well-known fhell called the tiger-cowry. The fhaft, or midrib is whitifh. The feathers on the region of the fhoulders differ in fome refpect from the long feathers juft defcribed, and are not lefs beautiful, tho’ unadorned by the ocellated fpots ; the fhafts being of a blueifh lead-colour; the ground-colour lighter and brighter, and the variegations richer and more curious; the out- ward web being yellowifh-brown, thickly fcattered with cowry-like fpots, and the inner or broader web of a beautiful pale ferruginous, very thickly fprinkled with innumerable round fpecks of white. The tips are pale brown, with round fpots of black. The head and part of the neck are of a blueifh tinge and almoft bare of feathers: the orbits and cheeks bare, but by no means fuch as to agree with the defcription given by Edwards, and from him copied by Linnzus and others. The head appears very flightly crefted on the hinder part with fmall darkifh feathers. The dorfal feathers and the tail coverts are teftaceous, or pale yellowifh-brown, with round blackifh fpots. The lower part of the neck and breaft are of the fame colour, very thickly befet with confluent blackifh Spots and markings. Some of the fide feathers are alfo of this appearance. The € 45 ) The tail has none of the eyes which fo elegantly diftinguifh the wings. It is of a very deep brown, varied with numerous fmall round fpots. The two middle feathers are much longer than the reft, and of a fharpened form at the extremities: the others are rounded at the tips. The beak and legs are of a pale colour. This beautiful bird is a native of the Eaft Indian iflands, and is principally found in Sumatra, where it is not uncommon. It is a bird of a retired and wild nature, and fcarce capable of being tamed or domefticated. It refides in woods, and, contrary to the nature of moft of its congeners, is fluggifh and inactive by day, and lively during the night, when it emits a plaintive cry, fomething like the note of a wood-pigeon. Its fize is nearly equal to that of a turkey, and the whole bird from the tip of the beak to the point of the tail is not far fhort of five feet in length. CAPRA ( 46 ) CA a Ae NEYO quoq an Masse Gwe Bu «Bl udis Goll, CHA’ C IER GENE RG S, ConwNuA concava, furfum verfa, ereCta, fcabra, Denres Primores inferiores octo. Lawrani null Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 94. — — —— — ——— — — CHARA TAE AR SoPA4E € EF T: WS, ake Capra cornibus carinatis arcuatis, gula barbata, Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 94. Capra Angorenfis, Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 94. Tourn. it, 2. f. 185. FFICIT vis quedam que ineft coelo regionis Gracie Afiatice Angore ditt, ut nonnullorum animalium pilus, ovium nempe, felium, et cuni- culorum, longior, mollior, et delicatior crefcat, quam folet in reliquo orbe. Nec Hifpaniam excipiamus necefle eft, cujus lana Angorenfi cedit, licet aliis pretiofior, Pracipue autem parit hac regio caprum formofiffimum, qui quam- vis revera fit varietas tantum illius qui vulgaris dicitur, vellere tamen veftitur multo elegantiori, plerumque pulcherrimi candoris, leviffima flavedinis tinctura perfufi; pilis totius corporis in cirros dependentes, fpirzeque modo intortos dif- pofitis. — Aures pendule. Differunt cornua a cornubus vulgaris capri, quod fcilicet late expanfa fint et complanata. Feminz breviora longe quam maris recurvantur, nec divaricant. Supervacaneum forfan fit le&toribus in memoriam revocare, pannos nitidiffimos qui Cam/ets dicuntur, e Capri Angorenfis vellere confici, T HE "LW 0) VALOS NW lH. IL, (WOO NV NEL 'CPORLDOBOCAUKNSGOOR A GO AX TL C RUNDERILC.CELLARACOREI, Horns bending backward, and almoft clofe at the bale, Fight cutting teeth in the lower jaw, none in the upper. The male bearded. Pennant, eee te Le CH'ARAGTER, SC Goat with very long pendent fpiral haw.. Angora Goat. Pennant.. £uadr. p. $8, Bay. Hi; Noth D. 71. f. 105 1T. » i HERE is fomething in the climate of that part of Afiatic Turkey called Angora, which difpofes the hair of feveral quadrupeds, as the goat, the fheep, the cat, and the rabbit, to grow longer, and to become of a finer texture than in other parts of the world. The climate of Spain | has alo the fame effect; as is fufficiently known from the fuperior finenefs of the Spanifh wool, which is ftill exceeded by that of Angora. This province however is particularly remarkable for the beautiful variety of goats which is produced there, and which, tho’ not fpecifically different from.the common | goat of other countries, is yet fo highly diftinguifhed by the beauty of its hair as to become an obje& of juft admiration, ‘The Angora Goat is generally ofa beau- üful white, with the flighteft tinge imaginable of. yellowifh;. atid. the hair on the whole body is difpofed in long pendent fpiral: ringlets.. The horns differ in their appearance from. thofe of the common: goat, and. are of a. widely ex- panded or flattened form. The ears are pendulous. The horns in. the female, inftead. of divaricating as in the male, turn backwards, and are much. fhorter in proportion. It is needlefs to add that it is from the hair of. this animal that the fineft camlets are prepared, THE CHARA CT ER GEBENdRICUS. Dentrs Primores fuperiores 6: laterales longiores diftantes: intermedii lobati, LaNwranrzr folitaril, incurvati. MoLanzs 6. s. 7. (plurefve quam in reliquis.) Lin, Syft. Nat. p. $9. Fere. CUHSA RuAJCZI ER. SUPE CJ, EJ2C2USS2 866 Lupus cauda incurvata. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 58. Lupus. Gen. Quadr. 634. Aldr. Dig. 144. Raj. Quadr. 173. N luporum perniciem, quos non fibi folum fed et pecudibus inimiciffimos per omne aevum exofum eft humanum genus, omnigenis infidiis hucufque laboratum eft. . Peculiai fibi modo feliciter utuntur Norvegiam incolentes, fpeciem nempe lichenis (que lichen vulpinus Linnei) contufam vitroque in pulverem redacto commiftam in cadavera infarciendo, que relicta in locis ubi lupi pererrant, in ipforum damnum mortemque ab iis devorantur: ea enim eft efurientibus voracitas ut corpora etiam non animalia in ftomachum la- trantem facile ingurgitent. Cum notiffimum fere omnibus fit quicquid ad lupi mores C 49 3 mores et hiftoriam pertinet, de eo fpeciatim differere fupervacaneum foret et moleftum. Notandum tamen eft eum, fi parvulus captus fuerit, et bene inftitu- tus, longe admodum a nativa ferocitate recedere. Hoc fatis probat fpecimen ipfllimum unde delineata eft noftra figura. Hic enim lupus felici induftria et preceptis Domini Lever, tantum non cicur et manfuetus evafit. Perpauci funt qui nefciunt fummam effe fimilitudinem inter lupum et ¢anem: nec defuere qui univerfos canes familiares e lupis primo ortos effe cenfuerint. Si huic opinioni objiciamus mores duarum fpecierum diverfiffimos, refponderi poffit produxiffe qualitates, quas in cane adeo admiramur et dili- gimus, longam a prima ftirpe feparationem, eafque multo temporis decurfu gradatim fuiffe cxcuitas. Utcunque fe res habeat, minus tamen, fortaffe valet argumentum quod plerumque profertur, ut fpecies probetur una effe et eadem; a conjun&ione fcilicet lupi et canis, quorum etiam hybride interdum fuerint fcecundi. Fringilla enim Carduelis cum Fringilla Canaria fepe con- jungitur, et harum hybride interdum pariunt pullos: nemo tamen, Carduelem et Canariam putabit ejufdem effe fpeciei. Confitendum tamen eft inter lupum et canem tantam effe appropinquationem, ut facile ignofcatur dubitantibus an revera canis a lupo originem duxerit an non, —À No. I. H THE e 39. *h LE Boss M Le. Tu MM M — À— M — —À— —— GENERIC CEHIARAGGI/JME Six cutting teeth and two canine in each Jaw. Five toes before; four behind. Long vifage. Pennant, Subs Clk: Ce A RAC LR. Occ. Pale“yellowifh brown dog with incurvated tail. Wolf. Pennant. Quadr. 231. Le Loup. De Buon. "J. 39. diis Se — M HE rapacity and gloomy difpofition of the Wolf have in al ages rendered it the averfion of mankind; and the devaftation which it occafional commits has made it neceffary to exert every artifice by which it may meet its deltruction. In Norway a fingular method is frequently prac- tifed with fuccefs. A fpecies of lichen or tree-mofs (Lichen vulpinus Lin.) is pounded and mixed with powdered glafs. With this compofition the car- cafes of animals are ftuffed, and left in proper places to besifiTeovered by the wolves. ‘The indifcriminating voracity of the wolf is fuch, that when preffed by hunger it willdevour a variety of fubftances even not of an animal nature. Seduced by the external appearance of the carcafe, they devour the whole, and are in confequence deftroyed, The |) Dee HU LS aS —N = iS ? b 1 { j i I —— i M ree) M^: mu utor j "dera ee i . » T 4 nan N. jw "UL TAY Orie) The general character and hiftory of this animal are fo well known that a particular defcription becomes unneceffary. It may be proper however to obferve that the ferocity fo confpicuous in the wolf in a ftate of nature, is greatly mitigated by an early education; of which the individual fpecimen from which the prefent figure was taken, is a remarkable inftance; having been rendered in a great degree tame and gentle by the affiduity of the late Sir Afhton Lever. The general refemblance between the wolf and dog is fo great as to be obvious to every eye; and it has even been fuppofed that in reality the whole race of dogs may have originated from the wolf. If it be objected that the dif- pofition of the two fpecies differ in the higheft poffible degree from each other, it has been anfwered that the qualities fo much admired in the dog are the refult of long feparation from the original ftock, and have been gradually acquired and improved. The argument however which is ufually brought in favour of the identity of the fpecies from the circumftance of the wolf and dog breeding, and even the hybrids themfelves being productive, may perhaps be confidered as not entirely convictive; at leaft if we may be allowed to reafon from analogy. The goldfinch and canary-bird are well known to breed; and it is equally certain that their hybrids are occafionally productive: yet we cannot fuppofe the canary-bird and goldfinch to conftitute the fame Ípe- cies of bird. The approximation however between the wolf and dog is ío very near as ftill to leave it in fome doubt whether the latter might not really have defcended from the former. i ay a anole para Md si 4 | fps ‘thot Ww rin Bote: we via We vs ‘a Af my a ERE MN / No V ip I m d T ewe i itii geri i M4 6f! | n. nd | Miror ot amado Twy y r ; he j a ! LN ^ii ^d r TR iy E o MUSEUM LEVERIANUM. | Né; diit Siow LA .L.ON GI M.A N A. -——-— CIARA TER GENERIC US, DENTES PRIMORES utrinque quatuor, approximati. Lawranir folitarii, longiores, hinc remoti. Moranzs obtufi. Lin. $yf. Nat. 9. 34. C. Mammalia.—Ord. Primates. Ce wen et pees Pee rE Te U Sy" &e. Simia ecaudata, natibus calvis, brachiis longiffimis. Homo Lar. Lin, Mantifs. pl. 2. p. 521. Simia longimana. Schreber. 1. p. 66. Imiarum genus, quarum formam tum exteram tum internam homini fateamur neceffe eft fimillimam, tot et tam diverfas continet fpecies, ut univerfas plene et accurate defcribere inter ea fit quibus fcientia naturalis diu caritura eft; augetque difficultatem fortuita ipfarum fpecierum varietas. Ita fe rem habere infigne exftat exemplum in tabula. Hic enim fimia, licet ut plurimum tota fit nigerrima, interdum tamen, ut et nunc, penitus albicat, exceptis vultu manibuf- que, quibus adheret priftinus et genuinus color, No. II. I Vifu (ow Vifu licet deformiffima fit, et ferociffima forfan putetur, non modo mitior longe et tractabilior eft plerifque congeneribus, queis mira innafcitur petulantia et protervitas, fed et laudem modeftia et urbanitatis adepta eft. Locum habet inter veras fimias, illas nempe quz ecaudate vocantur, quaque humani generis fuperbie funt offendiculo nimia fimilitudine. Linnzus, nimium fortaffe fabulofis quibufdam tunc temporis peregrinatoribus confifus, qui ingenium illi tantum non humanum tribuerint fimiam Satyrum, feu Orang-Otang,- quafi fpeciem hominis defcripfit ; aliamque fimie Satyri va- rietatem nomine Hominis Troglodytis infignivit; que tamen iterum et recte in fuo loco memoratur, viz. i gemere fimiarum. Species quoque de qua jam lo- quimur eandem fubiit generis mutationem, femel nempe a Linnzo defcripta eft titulo Hominis Laris. Depinxit eam Buffonus, ut plerumque cernitur, nigram. Speciem hanc pra- cipue diftinguit immenfa brachiorum longitudo, quae ad humum pertingunt, cum erecta fteterit. Cauda penitus caret; unguefque funt rotundati, ut hominis. Varias Indiz Orientalis partes inhabitat, Bengalam praecipue interiorem. Inter- dum ad humanam crefcit altitudinem : fed exítat quoque varietas minor, huic omnino confimilis, nifi quod dimidiatam attingat proceritatem. Simia quam fi- gura illuftraffe jam diximus Buffonum, faciem habet fufcam, quz cingitur barba alba lateque paffa: pedes quoque fere albi. Ut verum fatear, non prorfus im- poffibile exiftimo ut fit hec noftra vere diverfa a nigra, licet illi nimis fit affinis, I H.E S a à, ns pt edidi Disko @ tee I h “itll SIMA LON GIMANA . THE LONG-ARMED GIBBON. C 55) THE LONG-ARMED GIBBON. GENER TC © Rea AC T.ER. FRONT TEETH in each jaw 4, placed near together. Canine Teeth folitary, longer than the others, diftant from the remain- ine teeth, or grinders. Grinpers obtufe. ab ELC Tl Wwe. CH AR. A.C TER, ... cs Tail-lefs Ape, bare behind, with extremely long arms. Grand Gibbon, and Petit Gibbon. Buffon. 1. 14. f; 92..t: 2 & 3. Long-armed Ape. Pennant. Hift. Quadr. p. 170. HE genus Simia, fo nearly allied in external appearance, as well as in- ternal conformation, to that of Homo, contains fo great a number of fpecies, that a complete and accurate defcription of the whole tribe is yet amongft the defiderata of fcience; and the difficulty of obtaining it is ftill increafed by the great variety to which the fpecies are íometimes fubject. Of this the animal figured on the annexed plate is a remarkable inftance, which, tho’ generally of a uniform black, is fometimes, as in the fpecimen here reprefented, found entirely of a dull white, except the face and infide of the hands, which füll retain the original colour. Notwithftanding the apparent ferocity and deformity of its figure, this fpecies is of a more tractable and gentle nature than moft of its tribe, and r | Ae (what (; 56. ) (what may appear aftonifhing in one of this petulant genus,) has even been celebrated for the decorum and modeíty of its behaviour. Confidered with refpe&t to the reft of its tribe it ranks amongít the genuine Apes, or Simie ecaudate, and is one of thofe fpecies which. alarm. the pride of Mankind by too near an approach to the real Primates of the creation. Linnzus, in his celebrated work the Syftema Natura, has even placed the animal called the Orang-Otang, or Simia Satyrus, as a fpecies of Homo, or Man; but at that time he feems to have paid perhaps too much attention to the exaggerated defcriptions of that animal as given by fome travellers, who have reprefented it as making a nearer approach to Man than is really the cafe. Seduced by thefe authorities Linnzus gives as a fpecies of Man, the Homo Troglodytes, which is nothing more than the Simia Satyrus, and which again occurs in its proper genus of Simia. Our prefent fpecies has undergone a fimilar change in its genus, having been once defcribed by Linnzus under the name of Homo Lar. It is figured in the naturalhiftory ofthe Count de Buffon. Its moft ftriking chara&er as a fpecies is the exceffive length of its arms, which, when the creature ftands upright, are fo long as to touch the ground. It has no appear- ance of a tail, and the nails on all the toes are fhaped nearly as the human ones. This animal is a native of feveral parts of the Eaft Indies; and particularly of the interior parts of Bengal. It fometimes grows to the height of a man, but there is alfo a fmaller variety, which perfectly refembles the large fort, except in not growing to above half its fize. In the figure. of this fpecies given by the Count de Buffon the face is brown, furrounded with a fpreading white beard: the feet are alfo reprefented nearly white. After all it is perhaps not impoffible that the animal here reprefented may be really a diftin& fpecies from the black one, tho’ fo very nearly allied to it. PSIT- (o 53.) P:S-k EEOA QUU:Ss SASU-G-U-CS "eU S CMA kn AC TER. GEN ER ICUS. Rostrum aduncum : mandibula fuperiore mobili, cera inftructa, Nanzs in roftri bafi. LiNcvaA carnofa, obtufa, integra. Pepes fcanforii. Lin. $yfl. Nat. p. 139. CH ARACIGRGSPECIEPFICUS, £&c. Pfittacus Macrourus Cyaneus, roftro pedibufque nigris, orbitis bafique mandibule inferioris luteis, Pfittacus Hyacinthinus, Lath. Ind. Org. p. 84. Enuftifima hac avi Mufeum Leverianum donavit Nobilifimus Comes Orford, nuperrime defunctus, qui etiam viventem emerat. Latuit prius phyficos fpecies incognita. Reliquis omnibus pfittacini generis videtur antecellere mole et magnificentia. De patria nihil habeo quod pro certo dicam: vix tamen dubitem hunc pfittacum cum alis majoribus, iis fcilicet qui Aacaezes vocantur, Americam Auitralem praecipueque Brafiliam incolere. Tota avis eft eximie cyanea, nifi quod (289g quod fuper frontem et margines remigum leviffima fit coloris thalaffini tinctura. Superficies inferior alarum caudaque nigra eft. ^ Roftrum preter folitum magnum validumque omnino nigerrimum. Nigrant quoque crura et pedes; quorum ingens robur. Orbitz, feu fpatia nuda circum oculos coloris funt lutei: lutea etiam eft cutis nuda qua mandibule inferioris bafis cingitur. Partium corporis proportio eadem fere eft huic ac duabus fpeciebus jam memoratis, Macaoni nempe et Araraunz; quas tamen mole fuperat pfittacus auguitus. Prater fpecimen quod jam defcripfimus nullum aliud in tota Europa creditur extare. THE MA C CAW HIN OX TOIT AN T BYATI THE ATGUSTUS PSiITTACTS by LP arkinion Lerrian Musici, 4 April 2. Published uu. - THE HYAGIN'IHINE MA CC A W. GEN B RIC.CL AR ser RR. Britt hooked, upper mandible moveable. NosrRiLs round, placed in the bafe of the - bill. Toncve flefhy, broad, blunt at the end. Lecs fhort, toes formed for climbing, viz. two toes forward, and twe backward. SPRCIELC CIEABSACIEE. &c. Long-tailed deep-blue Maccaw, with the bill and legs black, the orbits and bafe of the lower mandible yellow. F all the parrot tribe yet known this bird feems to be the largeít as well as the moft auguft in its appearance. It is alfo a new fpecies, and was unknown to naturalis till it was introduced into the Leverian Mufeum by the late Lord Orford, who purchafed it living. Nothing certain is known with refpe& to its native country: it may however be ftrongly prefumed that, like the Pfittacus Macao, Ararauna, and the other large Maccaws, it may be an inhabitant of South America, and probably of Brafil in particular. Its colour is the richeft and deepeft mazarine blue, uniformly diffufed over the whole bird; except that on the edges ( 60 ) edges of the wings and the forehead is a very flight tendency to a fea-green or blueifh-green caft. The under furface of the wings and tail is black. The beak is moft uncommonly large and ftrong; and confiderably exceeds in fize thofe of the Macao and Ararauna: it is totally black, the legs and feet are alfo black and extremely ftrong. The orbits or bare fpaces round the eyes are of a deep yellow, and the bafe of the lower mandible is furrounded by a bare fkin of the fame colour. The general proportions of this magnificent bird are the fame as in the two fpecies above mentioned, but its fize is ftill larger. The fpecimen now defcribed is perhaps the only one known to exift at prefent.in Europe. COR A- CORA CPA Stem ML I T-A Robs, Cry A CT ER GENERIC U S. Rostrum cultratum apice incurvato, bafi pennis denudatum, Lincva cartilaginea, bifida. Pepes ambulatorii. Lin, Syft. Nat. p. 159. CEHARACIBHBRBOSPECIELILC.US Coracias? Phoenicea, remigibus caudaque nigris. PECIEM hanc Coracie? íplendidifümam fimul et rariffimam profert regio Americe Auftralis, Cayana dicta. Tota avis (exceptis remigibus alarum primoribus caudaque quz nigricant) fpleudidiffime eft phaenicea. Rof- trum aurantium. Caput leviter criftatum. Penna hypochondriorum feu laterales ceteris multo longiores. Crura pedefque fufca. Quod ad phyficos Europzos hujus fpeciei notitia pervenerit, debetur om- nino felici diligentie Ill. Domini D' Orcy, qui tabellam archetypam depinei curavit, a qua delineata eft figura quam amiciffime nobifeum communicavit Dominus Woodford, unde hanc noftram mutuati fumus. No. IL ; K Certiffime ERU. Certiffime jam primo defcripta eft et inter aves quz in America gignuntur, merito numeratur lautiffimas. De moribus modoque vivendi prorfus filetur. Cum fpecimen defcripferimus non modo pulchritudine fed et raritate com- mendatum, de venia defperare nolumus, licet fortaffe ipfa avis in Mufeum Leverianum non adhuc fit relata. Quamvis Coraciz nomine diftinxi, fatendum tamen eft eam zequali fere jure. ad genus .dmpelis pertinere. JT EHE i ii 7) —n NM EET | | E DM |. M ug. . Su pr Ar y Ae v RD st ^ h » : CORACIAS' MIII,.I'TAJIRIS THE CRIMSON ROLLER! C 8» 7 THE’ GREM FON ROEED-ER:? GEMPR NOKkC PARA COVER. Bix ftrait, bending a little towards the end, edges cultrated. NosraiLs narrow and naked. Tors three forward, divided to their origin; one backward. Pennant. Gen. p. 1o. SI ECIEDCOCIIARACTERE. Crimfon Roller? with the long wing-feathers and tail black. HIS moft beautiful fpecies of Coracias? is a native of Cayenne, in South America, and is not lefs remarkable for its extreme rarity, than for the fuperior fplendor of its appearance; the whole bird (except the re- miges or long wing-feathers and the tail, which are black) being of the richeít and moft vivid crimfon. The beak is orange-coloured : the head flightly crefted: the hypochondrial or fide-feathers are confiderably longer than the reft: the legs and feet are dufky. This bird is an undoubted non-deícript, and may be numbered amongft the moft fplendid birds of the American continent. Nothing is known of its par- ticular hiftory or manner of life. It was introduced to the knowledge of Eu- Keno ropean Cu ropean naturalifts by the fuccefsful diligence of Monf. D' Orcy, and from a drawing taken from the original painting in that gentleman's poffeffion, obli- gingly communicated by Captain Woodford, the prefent figure is copied. Where fpecimens of fuch uncommon beauty and extreme rarity occur, their introduction into this work can furely require no apology, though the birds themfelves may not yet be ftationed in the Leverian Collection. Though diftinguifhed at prefent by the title of Coracias, or Roller, it muft be confeffed to belong with perhaps equal propriety to the genus Ampelis. data Bl «re ( 65 ) ECUMPOROA cy POA RUE ONT A. CHAR ACER ;GENERJCU.S. Rostrum capite brevius, bafi fubtrigonum, integerrimum, apice incurvum, Pzpzs grefforii. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 338. CHARA CPE Re SBRBECIEIGUS, &c, Pipra crifta fanguinea, corpore nigro, dorfo cceruleo. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 339. Manacus criftatus niger. | Brifs, av. 4. p. 459. f. 35. f. 1. I PRIS, que ut plurimum funt parvule et minute, peculiaris quedam eft forme concinnitas pulchritudoque colorum. Species quam magnitu- dine naturali depinximus, phyficis diu cognita, cum reliquis plerifque congene- ~ ribus in America Auftrali et calidiori precipue cernitur. Color imus eft quafi holoferico-niger. Caput crifta pulcherrime coccinea | infignitur. Dorfum. amoene cceruleum, ut et tectrices alarum mihores. Roftrum ( 453 Roftrum fufcum. lrides oculorum coerulem. Crura rubent. Femina tota, (ut perhibent) olivacea. Pipre minores plereque funt agiles et irrequiete, moribufque ad Paros videntur accedere. Sylvas praecipue incolunt, et licet non omnino gtegate coeant, amant tamen parvulis in numeris coníociari, THE i4 oh mE p «t “al \ urn SEU Val UR Le f "La - rua iidem i an] m M ads D NTC E A rj B n ». MAN AUN . KED } -BAC UE B THE AREOLA. p ^ R PP (67) T IPE| BPUÜE-pBWCORED MANARTN. GENERIC CHARACTER. Britt fhorter than the head, fomewhat triangular at the bafe, bent at the tip. Fzrr grefforial. SEE Cer E Cy Ce ARs Cr ER, &c Black Manakin, with blue back and fcariet creft. Blue-backed Manakin. Edwards, t. 261, Manakin noir huppé. Buff. pl. enl. 687. f. 2 HE Pipre or Manakins are in general fimall, and moft of them are remarkable for the peculiar neatnefs and beauty of their appearance. The prefent fpecies has long been known to naturalis, and is found, like moft others of its genus, in the warmer parts of South America. Its prevailing colour is a fine velvet-black. The head is ornamented by a creft of the richeft fcarlet. The back is of a beautiful pale blue: the finaller wing- ( 68 ) wing-coverts are alío of this colour. The beak is brown: the irides of the eyes bright blue: the legs red. The female is faid to be entirely of an olive-colour. The birds are reprefented of their natural fize. The fmaller Manakins are in general of a lively, reftlefs nature, and feem to approach in manners to the Pari, or Titmice. They chiefly inhabit woods, and are in fome mea- fure gregarious; being frequently met with in fmall flocks, SIMIA S «I: Mi I 44 FouER. (QS aa ——Ó——— — À— — — [.IDABRACIOGBABSEDN ROL US. DENTES PRIMORES utrinque quatuor, approximati. Lawranmrr folitarii, longiores, hinc remoti. Moranrs obtufi. Yon. Syft. Nat. p. 34. ————Ó—— ——————— — — CEHSNEACTER SPECGLPEFGUS, &c Simia caudata barbata nigra, barba ampliffima albida. Simia Silenus. Lin. Cercopithecus barbatus niger, barba incana promiffa. Raj. Quadr. p. 158. Ubitari fortaffe poffit fitne hzc fpecies inter papiones potius quam inter fimias vere et xa«s' s£ex»» dictas numeranda. E majoribus eft fui ge- neris, canemque fere zquat modice magnitudinis. Color nigerrimus, excepta corporis parte inferiore, quz pallidior. Barba ingens et longifiima, qua tota facies circumdatur, propemodum albet. Simia eft morofi et ferocis ingenii. Indie Orientalis varias partes incolit, infulam precipue Ceyloniam, in fylvis ut plurimum degere geftiens. In Africa etiam interiori dicitur inveniri. In No, II. Iu, Buffoni € 7e j Buffoni operibus jamdudum depi&a eft; figura tamen, alioquin optima, ipfiffi- mam fimiam non plene reprzfentat; infaufte enim accidit ut fpecimen unde de- lineata eft, caudam haberet cafu aliquo mutilatam. Facilis fane et proclivis eft in pravos errores via, magnaque inde phyficis affertur moleftia, fi animal aliqua ex parte mancum et imperfe&um fuerit ; quod exoticis fepiffime folet evenire. — Hanc ipfam ob caufam in fimiarum precipue genere magna exorta eft confufio, quod utcunque figuris et defcrip- tionibus auctum fit et illuftratum, reftat tamen vel adhuc magna ex parte ob- fcurum et ambiguum, THE EM =: at SAS TREE TON Se) LED 'M ONE RY: GENER PCS GEA RAC T ER. FRONT TEETH in each jaw 4, placed near together. Canine TzzrH folitary, longer than the others, diftant from the remain- ing teeth, or grinders. Grinpers obtufe. SEEGIBIC CHARACTER, &c. Tailed black monkey, with very large whitifh fpreading beard. Lion-tailed baboon, Pennant. Quadr. p. Ouanderou. Buff. 14. p. 169. pl. 18. HIS is one of .thofe fpecies which might perhaps with greater propriety be placed amongft the Baboons than amongft Monkies ftrictly fo called. It is an animal of confiderable fize, frequently equalling that of a middle-fized dog. Its colour is a deep black, except the under part of the body, which is of a lighter caft. The beard alío, which is moft uncommonly large and long, and which fpreads round the whole face, is nearly white. and untractable fpecies. It is a fierce It is a native of the Eaft Indies, and is particularly found in the Ifand of Ceylon, where it refides in woods. It is alfo faid to be found in the 1505 interior ( 72) interior parts of Africa. This monkey has been figured in the works of the Count de Buffon, but unfortunately the figure, tho' extremely good in all other refpeéts, appears to have been taken from a fpecimen which had a mutilated tail; in confequence of which it does not convey a proper idea of the fpecies. Thefe accidental mutilations, which occafionally occur in feveral exotic animals, are productive of confiderable errors in the defcriptions of authors, and no fmall confufion has refulted from this caufe in the arrangement and enumeration of the different fpecies of Simiz, which with every affiftance of figures and defcriptions is yet involved in confiderable obícurity. PAVO or ae Bi Ve B Tso Do4sA RA Shula CIEBEACTER.GENERICIHSH:'S. CapuT pennis revolutis criftatum. PENN uropygil elongate, ocellatz. Lin. Syf. Nat. p. 2 2 oN - CHARACTER SPECIFICUS, &c. Pavo capite fubcriftato, calcaribus binis, Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 268. Pavo Chinenfis. Brifon. av. 1. p. 291. m. 1. Phafianus pavonicus chinenfis. Edw. qui 67. H 67. VES licet Indicas et Americanas diftinguat plerumque plumarum lau- tiffima varietas, nefcio tamen an hac fpecie revera exftet quaepiam elegantior; qua modeftius nitens diu et attente poffit examinari, cum colores quibus pavo qui communis dicitur, magnificentius et fplendidius corufcat, per- ftringant quafi oculorum -aciem, tremulifque hebetent fulgoribus. Color primarius languide fufco-pallet, punctis albicantibus tantum non ro- tundis creberrime afperfus; dorfo, alis, caudaque maculas convexas pulcherrime z quafi (C 74133 quafi amethyftinas, non tam rotundas quam leviter ovatas copiofe jactantibus ; uniufcujufque centro lucide caeruleo. Gemmeo hoc afpectu nihil in avium natura inveniri poffit mirabilius ; non enim oritur convexitas macula a coloribus luce variatis, fed a vera ipfius pennz prominentia; quod fatis poterit probari fi fingule ex obliquo infpiciantur. Chinam inhabitat Pavo Bicalcaratus, defcripfitque eum primo fortaffe Dominus Edwards, fpecimen ab India recenter advectum nactus. Magnitudine phafianum qui colchicus dicitur paulo fuperat. Notandum eft armari, ut plu- rimum, utrumque crus binis calcaribus, unde a Linnzo Jércalcaratus appellatur. Roftrum fufcum; mandibule fuperioris altiore parte fubrubra. Penne capitis angufte, elongate, criftam fuberectam leviter reverfam efficiunt. "n ü n M im M PAVO BICALCARATUS THE PEACOCK PHEASANT \ Published App 2: 492 by ZFneesasose Levertan Muse C 79 3 tee. "LR Be Ae OO CE GA LL,E.D EGET S eee en O"CWP HERBA SOAUNTES Gorn beat Co CHARACTER. Britt convex, ftrong, and fhort. Nosraits large. Heap {mall, crefted. Spurs on the legs. X Pennant. Gem p. 20. —— —ÓÓM SPEGILHLCLCIMES C T ER, -&c Pale-brown double-fpurred peacock, with oval amethyftine fpots. Peacock Pheaíant. Edw. pl. 67. Iris Peacock. Lath. Syn. 2. p. 673. AUG the beautiful diverfity of plumage fo ftrikingly difplayed by many of the Indian and American birds, there is perhaps fcarce any that exceeds in real elegance that of the fpecies here reprefented. If it be faid that the common peacock is more magnificently arrayed, it may be replied, that the eye, however delighted by the firft appearance of that fplen- did bird, is almoft weared and oppreffed by the gaudy radiance and profufion of brilliant hues; while the more fober luftre of the prefent fpecies may be contemplated with a fteady eye, and appears perhaps more truly captivating than that of the peacock itfelf, The [ 285 The general or ground colour of this bird is a foft palifh brown very thickly fprinkled with minute whitifh rounded fpecks; while the wings and the tail are moft richly adorned with a vaft number of round, or rather flightly oval convex fpots of a beautiful amethyft colour, which on the middle or central part of each is exalted into a brighter blue. This gemmeous afpe& is one of the moft curious phenomena that can be found amongft birds: the convex appearance of the fpots being not merely owing to the varying luftre of each, but to a real convexity which takes place on every feather fo marked, as appears very evidently when the feathers are viewed in profile. It is a native of China, and was probably firft defcribed by Edwards, who took his figure from a bird then recently brought from India. In fize it fomewhat exceeds the phafianus colchicus, or common pheafant. It is remark- able that this bird is generally furn fhed with two fpurs on each leg, for which reafon Linnzus has given it a trivial name taken from that circum- ftance. The beak is dark brown, but the fuperior part of the upper man- dible is reddifh. The feathers on the head are narrow, elongated, and form an upright, flightly reverfed creft. BR A- Cau ) BB ASDA Ds. DIDACTYTLUS. CHARACTER GENE Rei.C, U.S; DzwTzs Primores nulli utrinque. Lawiani obtufi, folitarii, molaribus longiores, occurfantes. Moranzs utrinque 5, obtufi. Corpus pilis tectum. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 50. EHARACIER. SPRECIPICUS. &c. Bradypus manibus. didactylis, cauda nulla. Lin. $yf. Nat. p. 51. Tardigradus Zeylanicus, Seb. muf. Y. p. 54. t. 33. Sig. 4. et t. 34. fig. 1. Bradypus pedibus anticis didactylis, pofticis tridactylis. Brif. Quadr. p. 22. RADYPUS communis, feu tridactylus, quadrupedum miferrimus et turpiffimus, in America calidiori folummodo nafcitur, precipue in Bra- fiia. Eorundem locorum incola eft fpecies quam depinximus ; rariffime tamen etiam in India reperta eft. Eadem fere eft utrifque deformitas ; agilior vero eft didactylus: qui, tefte Buffono, fzpius eodem die in arborem confcendere folet, quod tridactylus vel femel facere vix agreque poffit; cuique immenfüm eflet iter fi multis in horis quafi trecentarum ulnarum fpatium rependo fu- peraret. No. II. M Ambz ( 78 ) Ambz ípecies moribus vivendique modo conveniunt, fru&ibufque et foliis vefcuntur. Dentes primarios incifores plane nullos habent, folos autem laniarios et molares. Ambz etiam hoc defenfionis genere utuntur, quod robore bra- chiorum hoftem conftringant. Carentes enim agilitate, arétiffimo tamen am- plexu aufugiendi poteftatem adimunt. Immo audacter dicitur Bradypos cum femel fe animali alicui affixerint nullo modo poffe avelli; fique eos canis te- mere laceffiverit, vix poffe fieri quin fui ipfius vite difpendso poenas luat et inedia enecetur. Sunt enim illi longiffimz famis patientiffimi. Miro preterea robori additur ejulatus dirus et infolitus, qui vel ipíe feras fzpiffime in fugam vertere dicitur, Color dida&ylo eft fordide fufcus, artubus corpore nigrioribus. Trans fron- y 8 tem fupra oculos difcurrit paulum inzqualiter tenia nigra et lata. — Oculi parvi hebetefque. Cauda vix vifibiliss Ungues longiffimi maximi; fortiores tamen gerere videtur Bradypus. tridactylus; a quo prgcipue differt hic nofter 8 y CIP quod pedes anteriores duos tantum ungues habeant, pofteriores tres; cum illius omnes tribus muniantur; quodque vellus fit mollius et tenuius, TA ELE d MOA ROI d 1 1 RA, FP ( 79 ) T.H EBSTyUIWO-'DOWED 8LOQ./EH. Sire hice CH ek As Corer No Cuttinc TzzrH in either jaw. Canine Teern obtufe, fingle, longer than the grinders, placed oppofite. Grinpers five on each fide, obtufe. Fore Lecs much longer than the hind: Craws very long. SPECTHERC CHARACTER, &c. Sloth with two toes on the fore feet. L’ Unau. Buffon. 13. f. 34. pl. 1. Two-toed Sloth. Pennant. Hifl. €uadr. p. 496. HE common or three-toed Sloth, the moft helplefs and deformed of all quadrupeds, is peculiar to the hotteft parts of America, and is principally found in Brafil. The fpecies here reprefented is a native of the fame parts of America, but is faid to have been alfo found, tlto' rarely, in India. In its general appearance it is fcarce lefs uncouth than the common fpecies, but is not fo extremely flow in its motions, being able, according to the Count de Buffon, to afcend and defcend from a tree feveral times in a day; whereas the three-toed fpecies with difficulty performs that operation in a whole day, and can fcarce crawl fome hundred yards in the fpace of many ~ hours M 2 Es Both ( 80 ) Both fpecies agree in their general habits and manner of life, living on fruit and leaves. They are remarkable for the total want of front teeth, and have only canine teeth and grinders. When thefe animals are attacked, they have no other mode of defence than what refults from the great mufcular ftrength of their fore legs, which though it does not enable them to refift by thofe ftrong and violent efforts which moft quadrupeds exert when fuddenly furprifed, yet gives them a power of faftening fo forcibly on the animal which attacks them, as to prevent all poffibility of its efcape; for it is affirmed that nothing can make this creature quit its hold when once it has faftened itfelf; and that if a dog fhould venture to attack it, it would in all pro- bability lofe its own life by being held by the Sloth til famifhed. To this may be added its difmal cry, which is faid to repell other animals by its difgufting tone. The colour of this fpecies is a dufky brown; fomewhat deeper on the limbs than on the body; and acrofs the forehead, over each eye, runs a very broad and fomewhat irregular band of black. The eyes are fmall and dull: the tail fcarce vifible: the claws extremely long and large, but fcarce fo ftrong as in the common Sloth. The fore feet are each furnifhed with two claws; the hinder ones with three; whereas in the common Sloth all the feet have three. To this may be added that the hair of this fpecies is not fo harfh and coarfe as that of the three-toed Sloth, ° PAR A- ( 81) POoAUR CAD ESSWVEAA SA P ODA. CHARACTER, GENERICUS. Rostrum capiftri plumis tomentofis tectum. Penn hypochondriorum longiores. Rectrices duz fuperiores fingulares denudate. Lim. Syf. Nat. p. 166. CHARACTER SPECIFICU S, > &e. Paradifea pennis hypochondriis corpore longioribus, rectricibus duabus intermediis longis fetaceis. Lin. Syfl. Nat. p. 166. Paradifea avis. Clus. exot. 360. ¢. 360. Manucodiata major, Edw. av. 110. £. 110. ARADISEUM vocari folitum eft hoc genus, dignum quippe putetur ob eminentem pulchritudinem quod Paradifum incolat. Speciem quam depinximus, precipuam diu agnoverunt phyfici Europzi, elegantia certe nullis congeneribus cedentem, veftitu licet minus fplendido decoretur. Magnitudine eft quafi turdi vulgaris. Color primarius pulchre nitideque fer- rugineus, corporis inferioribus tantum non purpureis Frons, roftrique bafis cingitur ( $2 ) cingitur capiftro aureo-viridi, quafi holoferico; nec alius collo antico color: Cá. put flavefcit. Hypochondria faíciculis longiffimis fubflavis, (interdum Alaviffimis,) plumarum pendentium decorantur, laxis, levibus, et tenellis, ut nihil fupra; quas caudam plerique falío opinati funt, cum vera cauda brevior fit, et his ipfis plumis fere abícondita. In zthere tranquillo plurime hujufmodi aves gregatim convolant, nonnulle feparatim per aperta ferena quafi fluitant, papiliones majores aliaque infecta predantes. Sin increbuerit ventus de fubito converfus, plumarum luxuria im- plicite in terram non raro decidere dicuntur, et facillime capi. Exiftimarunt nonnulli, ab hac avi preter folitum venuíta exortam effe ve- rerum de Phoenice fabulam ;. cujus fortaffe fides vel nunc non omnino obfolevit, quaque, undecunque originem duxerit, nulla poetis philofophifque magis in- ferviit. Cum fpecimina olim in Europam advecta pedibus cruribufque manca effent, increbuit vulgaris opinio quod avis penitus illis careat; quodque per- petuo volet, nifi cum quietis cupida, ope fcaporum duorum a tergo poftico - prodeuntium, ab arbore fe fufpendat. Immo ipfe doctiffimus Gefnerus, oblitus deeffe penne vim mufculi, in eundem errorem incidit. Indiam Orientalem, Infulas pracipue Moluccas inhabitat pulcherrimum hoc avium genus. THE 4 * PY wn tomm emn me cg Ute ur Ms ; ma JA; 3 I ^ ty o. Ald Lt d aed n ica COL [SI Law wv «l NT [i J VR cue [ S WI HT IL z SELF: "nr wr i ed i a a a o av it} My) M M aW n TAM M HI mi M ui (* 88" ) THE GREATER PARADISE-BIRD. GENERIC CHARACIT.ER, Birt furrounded at the bafe by velvet-like feathers. Hypochondrial feathers long and loofe. Two naked fhafts proceeding from the rump. CEMRCRBRTC CHARACIESBH Gc Ferruginous Paradife-bird, with extremely long hypochondrial feathers. Oifeau de Paradis. Buffon. pl. enl. 254. Greater Bird of Paradife. Albin. 3. t. 9. Edwards, t. 110. T is from the fuperior beauty by which moft of the birds of this curious genus are diftinguifhed that they have obtained the title of Paradife-birds ; the chief or principal fpecies, here exhibited, has long been known to the naturalifts of Europe, and tho' lefs fplendid in its colours than fome others of its genus, is perhaps fuperior to them all in point of elegance. This bird is about the fize of a thrufh; and its prevailing colour is a beautiful bright ferruginous; the lower parts of the body being deeper or in- clining more to purple than the upper. The front, all round the beak, is ornamented by golden-green velvet-like feathers, forming a fort of mafk; and the fore part of the neck is of the fame appearance. The head is yellowifh. The lower parts ofthe fides are decorated with long tufts of hanging feathers, generally (¢ 942.) generally of a yellowifh colour, but in fome fpecimens, (as in the — prefent) of the richeft and moft beautiful yellow. Thefe feathers are of a ftructure fo peculiarly delicate, an appearance fo uncommonly elegant, and of fuch an airy lightnefs, asto furpafs all defcription. This part is commonly, but er- roneoufly, termed the tail: the real tail is rather fhort, and is in great meafure hid by the flowing plumes juft mentioned. In calm weather great numbers of thefe beautiful birds are feen flying in companies, as well as fingly floating about, and purfuing the larger butterflies and other infe&s; but when the wind rifes and becomes ftrong, or fuddenly changes, they are embarraffed by their exuberant plumage, and are faid not unfrequendy to fall to the ground, and are thus eafily taken. It has been fometimes imagined that this bird, from its extraordinary beauty, gave rife to the celebrated fiction of the Phoenix, of which the belief is per- haps even yet not entirely extinct. What could have given rife to fo ex- traordinary an idea is not eafy to imagine: no fable however feems to have had a wider dominion, or to have been more frequently quoted by poets and moralifts. Another popular error relative to the Paradife-bird is its fuppofed want of legs ; for as the fpecimens which were formerly imported into Europe were firft deprived of their legs, it became a general idea that this fpecies really had none: that it was almoft perpetually on the wing; and that when it refted, it was by fufpending itfelf from the branches of trees by the two long naked fhafts which proceed from the lower part of the back; and even the learned Gefner, forgetting that this would imply a mufcular ftructure in a feather, relates the fame circumftance. Thefe birds are natives of the Eaft Indies, and are principally found about the Molucca Iflands. PST - PUS. ELEM A Cats .nuAÀSU S T R Aub, 4S. Cia hve Te kh 'GENE RE CWS. Rostrum aduncum: mandibula fuperiore mobili ; cera inftructa. Nares in roftri bafi. Lincua carnofa, obtufa, integra. Pepes fcanforii. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 134. CrrakRAC TER SPECIFICUS, &c Pfittacus brachyurus fufcus, capite cinereo, collo antico abdomineque in- feriore rubro-ferrugineis. Pfittacus Neftor. Lath. Ind. Orn. p. 110. Pfittacus Meridionalis. Gmel. Syft. Nat. 3. 9. 333- AREAT lcet hic pfittacus forma elegantiore lautioribufque coloribus quibus reliquum plerumque genus infignitur, pretium tamen ei quodam- modo facit raritas; cum ex iis fit fpeciebus quas immenfa illa Nove Hollan- diz infula phyficis Europzis nuperrime fuppeditavit. Color primarius eft faturatim fufcus, collo antico, abdominifque parte potte- riore rubro-ferrugineis ; qui color in nonnullis fpeciminibus totum etiam collum No. II. N torque Wa c torque angufto circumdat. Capitis vertex canefcit, Dorfum, ale, caudaque cinereo-fufca, non fine viroris obfcurioris veftigio, cui fuperinducitur cupreus quidam fplendor. Cinguntur oculi fpatio nudo albicante feu cinereo. Roftrum maximum, peraduncum, plumbeo-nigricat; nec longe ab hoc co- lore recedunt crura pedeíque. Notandum eft extremitates pennarum coloris effe faturatioris, unde fit ut tota avis quafi ftriata feu undulata videatvr, THE Us Wa E 1 | nh H i Ky eM ^ "yl cse sn T3 MIA AVIA nm. Y BN LIS URL N ee in / — AT THE SOU THERYS SS ———— I BIR OW W —————— SS S Eni — Se 1 * HES feclton Cet ip - PARROT. MM I$ MM à u$ —ÀHÀ— À—À A—ÀÀ GENERIC CHARACTER: Birt hooked. Upper mandible moveable. Nostrits round, placed in the baíe of the bill, ToncvE fleíhy, broad, blunt at the end. Lecs fhort. Toes formed for climbing, viz. two forward, and two backward. SPRCIFIG OCHITARACTIER, “se. Short-tailed brown Parrot, with greyifh head, the fore part of the neck and lower part of the abdomen dull red, Southern brown Parrot. Lath. Syn. 1. p. 264. HE Parrot figured on the prefent plate, tho’ lefs diftinguifhed either by beauty of colour or elegance of fhape than moft others of the genus, is et highly important from its rarity; being ome of the fpecies which the ample regions of New Holland have lately afforded. Its prevailing colour is a darkifh brown; the fore part of the neck and the lower part of the abdomen are of a deep ferruginous red; and in fome N 2 fpecimens ( 88 ) fpecimens the red encircles the whole neck with a narrow collar. The upper part of the head is greyifh; the back, wings, and tail cinereous-brown; with | a caft of green, and varied by a fort of coppery glofs diffufed over the whole. The eyes are furrounded by a bare whitifh or afh-coloured fkin. The beak is moft extremely large, hooked, and of a blackifh lead-colour. The legs are nearly of the fame appearance. The tips of the feathers in this fpecies are of a deeper caft than the reft of the feather; giving a fort of ftriated or undulated afpe& to the whole bird. ANAS (^ 8917) ANAS GALERICULA T A. CHARACTER GENERICU S, Rostrum lamellofo-dentatum, convexum obtufum: Lincva ciliata, obtufa. Lin. Syf. Nat. p. 194. CEA RACER ScEOE C-E-B LC E. 5, :&c Anas crifta dependente, dorfo poftico utrinque penna recurvata com- preffa elevata. ^ E Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 206. Querquedula finenfis. Brif. av. 6. 9. 450, tt. 34- Querquedula finenfis. Edw, av. 102. f. 102. Es avium genus inquirentes non diu latere poffit deefle, ut plurimum feminis lautam plumarum varietatem, nimiam vero fere et prodigam fuiffe naturam in. decorandis maribus. Hoc nullibi manifeftius quam in anatum ge- nere; in ea przcipue fpecie de qua jam loquimur. Cum enim mas pulcher- rimis coloribus infigniatur, fplendeantque illius ale amoeniffime virides ; hujus viriditatis pauxillum tantum in hac parte fortita eft femina ; reliqua tota infuf- catur, ftriis aliquot obfcurioribus undulata. Sinam ( 99 ) Sinam incolit venuftiffima hzc avis, magni habita, et in principum virorum aquis hortifque fervata. In Japonia quoque confpicitur. Corpus fuperius co- lore eft faturatim fufco, pennis aliquot albo marginatis. Pecoris pars inferior abdomenque albent. Caput infignitur crifta e plumis viridibus et purpureis pulcherrime compofita. Genz albe. Collum fuperius pennis parvis rubro- luteis, lanceola ad inftar acuminatis, obtegitur; inferius cum pectore violaceo- purpureum. Ale pars media feu fpeculum, coeruleo-viridi fulgens lucidiffimum, a parte poftica fafcia alba et tranfverfa termünatur. Corporis latera pennarum ferie fufco-pallentium, lunulis albis nigrifque alternatun diftin&tarum, ornantur : habent tamen nonnulla fpecimina lineas tenues fufcas denfe difpofitas lunularum vice. Super humeros utrinque lunul aliquot altius impreife. Quod autem in avi pracipue mirandum, remiges duo interiores fecundarii feu dorfo utrinque proximi, czteris longe latiores, furgunt lateribus in longitu- dinem erectis, quafi carbafis duobus fimiles.. Colore funt vivide ferrugineo, parte antica albo, poftica nigro leviter cincta. Penne hz prater folitum. ve- nufte, quas cum primo videris, adeo fitas putares ut perpetuo periclitarentur, nec per unius hore fpatium manerent incolumes et intemerate, rariffime tur- bantur et horrefcunt. Roftrum rubet. Crura pedefque aurantia. In Angliam interdum cum femina illata eft formofiffima hzc avis; dubito tamen an unquam noftro fub coelo foetus protulerint, HEIDE: eta fea da idi SS —— = SS ANAS Published April 4.179%. by M Parduwen Leverien Museum. THES MANDARIN DUCK. i € a M M H8 t € € Ó—— GENERIC CHARACTER. Brut broad and flattened; the edges marked with fharp lamellz. Toncve broad and ciliated at the edges. Seer re CHA KR mC PER, c. Duck with variegated creft, and erect compreffed interior remiges. Chinefe Teal. Edwards, pl. 102. Chinefe Duck. Lath. Syn. 3. p. $48. ATURE in the major part of the feathered tribe feems to have lavifhed all her ornaments on the male; while the female, on the contrary, is often deftitute of any peculiar brilliancy of plumage, and of an appearance al- together different from that of the oppofite fex. This is no where more con- fpicuous than in the birds of the duck tribe; and the prefent fpecies in particular is a moft remarkable inftance of this diverfity of afpe&; for while the male is diftinguifhed by the beautiful colours exhibited in the annexed plate, the female is merely of a dull brown, varied with undulations of a deeper caft, and having but a flight approach towards the rich green which fhines on the wings of the male. This e x This fpecies is a native of China, where it is held in the higheft efteem, and is kept in the ornamental waters and gardens of the principal Mandarin. It is alfo found in Japan. The general colour of this bird on the upper part of the body, is a fine deep brown, with fome of the feathers edged with white: the lower part of the breaft and belly are alfo white. The head is ornamented by a creft of the moft elegant ftructure, confifting of a mixture of green and purple fea- thers: the cheeks are white: the upper part of the neck of a yellowifh red, and covered with fimall fharp-pointed feathers: the lower part of the neck, and the breaft, are of a very fine deep violet-purple. The middle of the wings, or fpeculum, is of a moft beautiful lucid blue-green, bounded on the hind part by a tranfverfe bar of white. The fides of the body are ornamented by a feries of pale-brown feathers, marked in fome fpecimens by diftin& al- ternate crefcents of black and white, in others by fine clofe-fet lines of brown. Juft above the fhoulders on each fide are a few fimilar crefcents ftill more ftrongly marked: but the moft ftriking fingularity in this fpecies is the figure of the interior fecondary remiges, or thofe neareft the body on each fide; which are much broader than the reft, and ftand with the vanes or webs upright, in a longitudinal direétion, like a pair of fmall fails. Thefe beautiful and fingular plumes, which at firft view feem fícarce capable of being preferved an hour in their proper pofition and which one would fuppofe liable from their fituation to be deranged by a thoufand accidental circumítances, are yet hardly ever fcen in a difordered ftate. The beak is reddifh: the legs and feet are orange- coloured. This elegant bird is fometimes imported alive into our own country, but has rarely, (if ever,) been fo far naturalized as to breed in. this climate. IJ RS SIELS ¢ 93 3 U RS: U oS ludos C. UU. CHARACTER GENEÉRICU Ss. Dzwrzs Primorss. fuperiores 6, intus excavati, alterni. Inferiores 6: la- terales 2 longiores lobati: fecundari bafi interiores. Lawranrr folitarii; - conici. Morarss 5 f. 6: primo laniariis approximato. Lin. CHARME TER TS PECIEICG.U'S, &c Urfus cauda elongata, corpore ferrugineo, roftro fufco, fronte plagaque laterali corporis. Lin, Syft. Nat. p. 70. Urfulus lupo affinis. Edw. o3. 4. 163, Urfus caftanei coloris, cauda unicolore, roftro pedibufque nigris. Brif. Quadr. p. 188. UM quadrupede longe diverfo ob generalem quandam fimilitudinem confunditur interdum hzc urfi fpecies; cum muftela fcilicet Gulone \Linnzi. Americe Septentrionalis partes frigidiores incolit, in fylvis pracipue degere geftiens. — Magnitudine eft fere lupi minoris. Defcripfiffe eum et de- pinxiffe primus videtur Dominus Edwards nomine Quickbatch, five Wolverene. No. TT, O Color ( 94 ) Color generalis fufco-fubflavefcit, ab utraque dorfi parte deorfum nigrior decurrens fuper lateribus fafcia paululum arcuata, quam fubtus utrinque excipit linea anguftior fufco-fubflava. Crura corpore nigriora. Trans frontem ducitur fafcia pallidior. Roftrum nigricat. Aures retundate brevefque. Cauda longi- ufcula, modice villofa. Ungues magni, validi, uncinati. Prada licet et rapinis vitam fuftentet, non tamen adeo infatiabiliter fangui- nem fitit; ut Gulo. Cum lentior incedat, animalibus infidietur neceffe eft, non curfu affequatur ; morefque igitur Gulonis inter arbores latere dicitur, indeque cafu fubitaneo in predam deferri, | i THE , ‘ Sin - LE > ] iN. Wie: dO ES d aros 7 Ag ze n gear PY A “ANTM TATOM- WHHL "S o S (I SOF a ( 95 © E Ei 5 W- IOS E tba RR, E aN Es — — — —— ——— — GEME RIC) C HAR A Ga ER. Six cutting teeth and two canine in each jaw. Five toes before ; five behind. In walking refts on the hind feet as far as the heel. Pennant. Seber LC CH A Rea TER,’ * &c. Ferruginous brown Bear, with a lateral band of a deeper colour, and flightly bufhy tail. The Quickhatch, or Wolverene. Edwards, pl. 103. HE animal here reprefented has fometimes been confounded with a very different quadruped : viz. the Muftela Gulo of Linnzus, ‘or Glutton ; to which it is indeed allied in general appearance, tho’ really a diftin& fpecies. It is a native of the colder parts of North America, and refides chiefly in woods. It feems to have been firft defcribed and figured by Edwards, under the name of the Quickhatch, or Wolverene. Its fize is that of a fmall wolf.. Its colour a tawny brown; which on each fide the back is much deeper, and fpreads downwards in a fomewhat arcuated ORD ] manner € 98 J manner over the fides; and beneath this dark fhade on each fide is a nar- rower band of light yellowifh-brown. The legs are of a darker colour than the body. Acrofs the front runs a light-coloured band. The fnout is blackifh ; the ears fhort and rounded: the tail moderately long and fomewhat bufhy: the claws large, ftrong, and crooked. It is of a predaceous nature, but not of that immoderately voracious dif- pofition by which the Glutton is faid to be diftinguifhed. Its pace is rather flow than quick; and in confequence of this it is obliged to lie in ambufh for other animals, and to take them by furprife inftead of purfuing them, Like the Glutton it is faid to have a habit of lurking amongft trees, and fuddenly dropping on its prey. MYR- [. 92. 3 MY RgMgEJC.O.B.H AGA .TIUBA IA. CHARACTER GENERIC"U'. Dzurzs nulli. LixGvaA teres, extenfilis. Os anguftatum in roftrum. Corpus pili tectum, Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 51. CHARACTER STECIPFPCUS;Us Myrmecophaga palmis tetrada&ylis, plantis pentadactylis, cauda jubata. ‘Tamandua-guacu. Marcgr.. braf. 225. t. 225. Myrmecophaga roftri longiffimo, pedibus anticis tetradactylis, pofticis pen- tadactylis, cauda longiffimis pilis veftita. Brif. Quadr. 24. —— —Ó— Yrmecophagz a plerifque aliis quadrupedibus differunt non tantum externa fpecie, fed quod dentibus omnino carent; quod quidem, fi folum genus Manis excipias, aliis nullis hactenus cognitis obtigit. Sunt tamen in cefophago Myrmecophagz, teftante Domino Brouffonet, officula quzdam dentibus fimilia. Infe&is folis vefcitur Myrmecophaga, formicis precipue et onifcis; quibus fane miro artificio infidiatur, linguam nempe lumbriciformem et longiffimam diu ( 98 3 diu extendendo, adopertamque opima przda, vifcido humore quo lingua obdu- citur illaqueata, in os fubito retrahendo. Species ‘hic depicta, diu captiva, car- nes crudas in fruftula diffectas comedere non recufabat. Hac omnes congeneres magnitudine longe fuperat; eratque forfan ipfiffüQum {pecimen unde figura hec noftra defumpta eft, omnium quz in Europam unquam illata funt maximum. Longitudo ejus eft circiter feptem pedes. Rudis eft illi et quafi incultus afpe&us. Color eft fufco-cinereus; plagaque nigra lateralis ab humeris utrin- que decurrit, fenfim anguftata, fupraque albo fimbriata. Roftrum longum et tubulatum eft. Cauda pili nigris rudibus et longiTimis veftitur Super crura macula exítat nigra, paulo fupra pedes fita. ^ Pedes antici unguibus validiffi- mis incurvis muniti funt, qui profecto Myrmecophagam, dentibus licet caren- tem, hoftem maxime formidandum reddunt: fzpe enim animalia externa fpecie feipfa longe majora, vulneribus fauciata, et continua preffura fatigata enecat, ‘cum corporibus ungues infixerit, vaftumque robur exercuerit. Noctu evagatur Myrmecophaga, et interdiu in locis fecretioribus obdormit : inceffus ejus eft lentior, morefque pigri et torpidi. aet a r3 BUM Wi j 3 pb 1^ ih AM Ht } NTS ( 99 ) q' H EUER ArT ae Bes EVA UTR: GENBEHBRICGCCICEPAR AC. ER. Body covered with hair. Small mouth: long cylindric tongue. No teeth. Pennant. Dik ch Cate AR AC rT ER, €G Greyifh brown Ant-Eater, with very long fnout, extremely long bufhy tail, and a black band above the fhoulders. Great Ant-Eater, Pennant. Hifl. Quadr. p. 507. Le Tamanoir. Buffon. 10. p. 141. pl. 29. ] HE -curious genus Myrmecophaga, or Ant-Eater, is ftrikingly dif- tinguifhed from moft other quadrupeds, not only by the general fhape and appearance, but alfo by the total want of teeth; a particularity which takes place in no other quadrupeds “yet known, except thofe of the genus Manis. There are however, according to the obfervations of Monf. Brouffonet, certain bones not unlike teeth, fituated in the gullet or cefophagus of the Ant- Eater. The ( ( 160 J The Ant-Eaters feed folely on infects, and particularly on ants and millepedes ; and the manner in which they procure the infects is extremely curious. The animal thrufts out its tongue, which is fhaped like a worm, and of a great length, and lays it amongft heaps of thefe creatures; and when by means of the vifcid moifture with which it is covered, it is fufficiently loaded with infects, it then retrac&s it fuddenly, and fwallows them. In a ftate of captivity the fpecies here reprefented has been known to feed on raw meat, cut very fmall. This fpecies far exceeds in fize all the reft of its genus, and the fpecimen from which this figure was taken is perhaps the largeft ever brought into Europe. Its length is upwards of feven feet. It is an animal of an aukward and uncouth appearance. Its colour is a dark grey; with a very broad band of black, running from the neck downwards on each fide the body, and growing gradually narrower as it paffes down. This black band is accompanied on the upper part by a ftreak of white. The fnout is very long and tubular. The tail is black, and. is furnifhed with coarfe hair of a very great length. On each of the fore-legs is alfo a patch of black a little above the feet. The fore-feet are armed with extremely ftrong and crooked claws, which render this creature, tho’ deftitute of teeth, a very formidable adverfary, fince it has been known to deftroy animals of much greater apparent ftrength than itéfelf; and fixing its claws upon them, exerts fuch powerful force as to kill them by laceration and continued preffure. It is a nocturnal animal, and is faid to fleep during the day in retired places. Its pace is fomewhat flow, and its manners heavy and ftupid. : € 102 ) MUSEUM LEVERIANUM. No. Ill. BAS LA NIS aC, UR OV RCOSSCTGRSIS. OCIPIMRNCHRHTEHCCG Pier RT CU's: Gen cute nuda laevigata, Lin, Syf. Nat. p. 270. CHAR AC LER Sb eer rire u's; "te; Phafianus cupreo-purpureus, viridi-nitens, corpore fubtus nigricante, capite criftato, roftro elongato. ‘Phafianus Impejanus. Lath. Ind, Orn. p. 632. ON nifi intra paucos annos Europzis innotuit Phafianus curviroftris, feu Impeyanus. Plumis decoratur mirum in modum fulgidis et venuftis. Dorfum aleque lucide purpureo-nigricant viridi cupreoque verficolora. Que in collo plume, anguítz et acuminatze, nitidiffime funt cupreo-ferruginem. — Cin- guntur oculorum orbitz cute nuda ceruleo-virefcente. Cauda fulvo-ferruginea, apicem rotundata, Corporis inferiora fufco-nigra, Affurgit crifta infigniter de- No. III. P cora, (. 162.) cora, conftans e plurimis parvis et erectis fcapis, quorum apices fing»li tela feu "n parte plumata ovata et acuminata, capiti colloque concolor terminaatur. Roftri fingularis formatio: mandibula enim fuperior magnopere curvata, longe ultra inferiorem excurrit: quod nefcio an cafu potius evenire fufpicarer, quam proprium effe et perpetuum, niin omnibus quz examinavi fpeciminibus ita fe res conftanter haberet. Nomen igitur triviale curviroffris inde deductum utile eft ad notam diftin&dionis. Nomen etiam Jmpeyanus apte fatis poffit retineri ; cum phyficis nempe noftratibus primo hanc avem communicavit uxor le¢tiffima Domini Eliz Impey Equitis aurati, quz plura fecum ab Indis fpecimina attulit. Magnitudine gallum gallinaceum vulgarem, feu phafianum gallum Linnai, plene equat Phafianus curviroftris. Femina mare minor, maxima ex parte fufca, notis undulifque pallidioribus et nigrioribus variata. In hoc etiam differt, quod remiges primarii nigrent ; fecundariis nigro ferrugineoque tranfverfe fafci- atis; quodque cauda fit breviffima, corpori concolor. Crura praterea non cal- caribus fed tuberibus tantum armata. Illas India partes quas Hindoflan nomine norunt hodierni, feptentrionales precipue inhabitat Phafianus curviroftris. T HE ene DIM AUN MO NTT Oe E zr U ms. d NEP" uw "E D Lem n zi » bn , = 6 bii, MR mE. e. ryt Ss i? ay lean! 2e WM ibi dnd. an Nnm Tid "m NE à ULT Pk Mi ITE Wain E gu : Abe. Maud jü pe MU m 2 , er wv nA ! ] Ay ane i ed ] nm lad» P Pers ime . E za] 7 T TDTA Mra a aT ~ re — y TTVTD 3 TUT IE PHASIANUS CURVIROSTR LWP ay Lievertan duse ( 19: T HIE YOM PUE YAN PH EAS Abo, GENE EDC GHAR ACT Ek. Cheeks covered with a finooth naked fkin. Lin. PIDICLEIC CHARACTER. Se Blackifh-purple Pheafant, with a changeable luftre of green and copper- colour, the body black beneath, the head crefted, the beak long and crooked. Impeyan Pheafant. Lath. SymopA Suppl. p. 208. ——— — ———M— — HE Phafianus curviroftris, or Impeyan Pheafant, is a ípecies known only within thefe few years. It is a bird of uncommon beauty and luftre of plumage: the general colour of the wings and back is a rich, glofiy, blackifh purple, varied with changeable hues of green and copper-colour. The feathers on the neck are of a narrow and fharpened form, and of a very ' bright copper-ferruginous. The orbits of the eyes are furrounded with a naked fkin of a blueifh-green tinge: the tail is of a bright bay or ferruginous colour, and is rounded at the end: the under parts of the body are of a dull black. The top of the head is ornamented by a creft of fingularly beautiful ftructure, confifting of a great many {mall, upright, nearly naked fhafts, each terminated by an oval fharp-pointed web or feathered part, of the fame bril- liant appearance with the reft of the head and neck. — Io The ( 104 ) The beak is of a fingular form; the upper mandible being confiderably pro- longed over the lower, and extremely curved. It might be fufpe&ed that this was an accidental circumftance; but as it takes place equally in all the fpecimens I have yet feen, I imagine it to be the proper and conftant form of the beak. It therefore affords a very good mark of diftinétion, and the Latin trivial or commion name is taken from thence. Its Englifh name of Impeyan Pheafant rnay be full retained with great propriety, fince it was firft introduced to. the notice of naturalifts by the Lady of Sir Elijah Impey, who brought feveral fpecimens from India. The fize of this curious bird is at leaft equal to that of a common fowl, The female is fmaller than the male, and is principally of a brown colour, varied with marks and undulations of a deeper and lighter caft; the longer wing feathers are alfo black in the female, the fecondary ones barred with black and ferruginous : the tail extremely fhort, and coloured like the reft of the bird ; and the legs, inftead of fpurs, as in the male, are only furnifhed with a knob or tubercle. The Impeyan Pheafant is chiefly found in the northern. parts of Hindoftan. CAPRA ( xo ) Ge DP BM T BE CUR CHARACTER GENERICUS. ConwNva concava, furfum verfa, ere&a, ícabra.. DzNTzs Primores inferiores octo, Laniarir nulli, Lin. $yf. Nat. p. 94. CGHAPBACIIHE SPRCIEIGUS, &c Capra cornibus fupra nodofis in. dorfum reclinatis.. Ibex. Gefn. Quadr. 331. "ddr. Bifulc. 732. Fobnft. €uadr. t. 28. Pallas Spic. Zool 1x. p. 31.-t. 3, et 5. Jif. An- Aícitur Ibex in variis Europz et Afiz regionibus. Cordi funt ei rupes locaque montofa, nec alicubi cernitur. Ab hoc ortas effe omnes capre vulgaris feu: domefticae varietates nonnullis phyficis perfuafum eft. Maxima ejus eft copia in infula Creta; generatur etiam in Corfica. Magnitudine capram vulgarem fuperat. Color generalis eft cinereo-fufcus, in: nonnullis fpeciminibus ferrugineo leviter tin&us. ^ Corporis inferiora ex albido: fubflavefcunt. Crura plerumque nigris maculis interfperfa. Per dorfi longitu- dinem decurrit linea perpetua. Caput vafta gerit cornua, quorum pars fuperior i pro- ( 106 ) prominentibus et femicirculatis tuberibus notatur. Retro curvantur in apices mucronatos definentia. Gula plerumque barbata. Mirandi eft Tbex roboris et pernicitatis: faltu fertur longiffimo: pendet fepe de rupium lateribus more capra communis. Cornua foemine longe minora quam maris. Opus fubire laboris et periculi plenum dicuntur venatores, quos, cum ad vite difcrimen ventum fit, fallere fape et effugere folet Ibex, pracipitem fe de monte in cornua dando, et a terra ftatim, nulla accepta injuria, irefiiiendo. THE Di SM UP E fancti aod i pig e ta i^ Hte teg irae LOIN UDIMAAIT UO/MInumgT4. "G4 UEFA PIP Yd SUCHT * N00S NIS SH A ^ xXxHUL Vad vy) ; € fo7 ) T HGB USCE2SOEI YN» OoC Ka GENER IGoGZIAR:AGTER. Horns bending backward, and a!moft clofe at the bafe, Eight curTiNG TEETH in the lower jaw, none in the upper. The male commonly bearded. SPECIETIC GILARACEER, &c. Dark-brown Goat, with large knotted horns reclining backwards. . The Ibex. Penn. Hift.. Quadr. p. 49. HE Ibex, or Steinbock,. which fome naturalifts have confidered as the original or ftock,. from whence the feveral varieties of the common or domeftic Goats have proceeded, is a native of feveral parts of Europe and Afia, but is conftantly found in rocky and mountainous regions. It abounds in the ifland of Crete, and is alfo found in Corfica. In fize it is fuperior to. the common goat. Its general colour is a dark cinercous brown, flightly tinged in fome individuals with ferruginous:. the under pais of the body aie of a dull yellowifh white. On the legs are often feen mark; or patches of black: along the back runs a co 'inued ftripe of black. The horns are of enormous fize, and are maiked on the upper fide by large femi- - ( ves 3 femicircular prominences or tubercles: they are curved backwards, and terminate ina fharp extremity: the throat is commonly bearded. It is an animal of great ftrength and fwiftnefs, and is capable of leaping to a fuprifing diftance; and, like the common goat, is often feen to hang on the brinks of precipices, amongft the lofty crags which it inhabits, The horns of the female are far fmaller than thofe of the male. The chafe of this animal is faid to be an exercife of confiderable danger, as well as fatigue, and it is faid, that when clofely preffed, the animal has a practice of throwing itfelf down a precipice, and lighting on its horns, with- out receiving the leaft injury, and by this means often efcapes its purfuers, MUS- ( 109 ) MU STE aa ra ees ISATPAUT"REÉCHIUS € Eu Gs Rig GiIE.N ER 1.C,USS. Dentes Primores fuperiores fex, erecti, acutiores, diftin&ti. InrerioreEs fex, obtufiores, conferti: duo interiores. LiNcvA levis. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 66. CHARAC TBE SPECIERICUS, &c. Muftela plantis palmatis pilofis, cauda corpore quadruplo breviore. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 66. Lutra marina, Steller. Nov. Comment. Petrop. tom. 2. p. 367. t. 26. Erxl. Mamm. p. 445. Schreb. III. p. 465. £. 128. Utrarum aliz fpecies fluvios, alia maria incolunt. Cernere eft in his fub- obícura externe cujufdam fimihtudinis cum pifcibus veftigia, que in Caftore manifeftior, in Phoca evidens et confpicua, maxima autem et certif- fima eft in Trichechi genere, donec in Trichecho Manato, feu illo cui cauda rotundata, quadrupedis forma jam fere deperdita, in cetariis animalibus penitus deleatur; his enim tanta videtur effe cum pifcibus affinitas, ut inter eos nume- rentur a plurimis qui de hiftoria naturali antiquitus confcripferint. No, III. Q Magni o (r wo J Magni venditur hujufce fpeciei vellus, ex quo praecipue conficiuntur veftes lautiffnmae magnatum Turcicorum et Rufficorum. Varietas vero eft altera et major, cujus pilus pretiofior et delicatior. Circa littora Kamtfchatke nec non infulaum Afiam et Americam interja- centium pracipue cernitur Muftela Lutris. Pifcibus vefcitur, more Lutrz vul- garis, Natat auda&er et celerrime. Maximo erga prolem amore fervet, qui {ane non modo huic generi fed et cetario forfan violentior quam reliquis ple- rifque animalibus. Color fufco-nigricat. Longitudo, ut plurimum, paulo fuperat quatuor pedes a nafo ad extremum caudz, THE "A , ® . , = 4 E h i = LU j á J Mi Meo EN E: , ] EDUC CONTR Es ! ' ^ NN UG EC MEN s Lj sif PEA Ne Oh del M m [e - Salud ado LTD «iin MNT L uis í n a. Was TN t J| o Jim opns] Mere vate aono) phy HL) 4 ig T TM UHNGILIO Vas IHL "SIULAT VIXHISAIN Ss — TM Y fj == —— SSSSSs ( am ) TOR ee en tas Qorsp ^p idonq GENER TC’ C FA Raa CP ER: Six cuTTING TEETH and two canine in each jaw. Five Togs on each foot; each toe connected by a {trong web. Pennant. SiP Gol EbCuC FEA RAC TER, .&c. Sable Otter with tail about four times fhorter than the body. Sea Otter. Penn. Hif. Quadr. p. 356. HE Lutre, or Otters, of which fome fpecies inhabit frefh waters and others the fea, are remarkable for the firft or beginning approach in point of external figure amongít quadrupeds to the animals of the fifhy tribe, which is more nearly approached to by the Beaver; ítil more by the Seal, and extremely fo by the genus Trichechus; till in the Trichechus Manatus, or round-tailed Manati, the outline of a quadruped is almoft obliterated, and at length is quite loft in the Cetaceous tribe, which have fo much the general habit or appearance of fifhes, that by many of the older writers on natural hiftory they have been claffed as fuch. Q 2 Con- ( ate j Confidered in a commercial view the prefent fpecies is highly important, fince its fur is one of the richeft and moft valuable hitherto difcovered, and affords to the Ruffian nobility and to the Turks, a principal article of their magnificent drefs. It is however chiefly the larger variety of this fpecies which is moft efteemed, the fur of the one here figured being not fo ex- quifitely fine as that of the larger fort. This animal is principally found about the fhores of Kamtfchatka, and: the intermediate iflands between Afia and America. Like the reft of its genus, it feeds on fifth, fwims with great ftrength and celerity, and is remarkable for a very ftrong attachment to its young; a particular in which not only the animals of this genus, but even thofe of the cetaceous tribe at leaft equal, if not exceed moft other animals. The colour of the Sea Otter is a very deep. blackifh-brown. Its general length from the nofe to the tip of the tail is. fomewhat more than four feet. TURDUS ( x55 ) TU RS ee a Opes Porn Bae 8 CHAR ACE Ek GENERIC US. Rostrum tereti-cultratum : mandibula fuperiore apice deflexo, emarginato. Nares nudz, fuperne membranula femitecte. Faux ciliata. LiNcva lacero-emarginata:. Lim. Syft. Nat. p. 291. CHA RWG? ER: S;:P EIG/EF:EG U S;-: &c.- Turdus plumbeo-fufcus, fubtus pallidus.. Turdus Orpheus. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 293. Turdus Polyglottus ? Lin. Syft. Nat. p.. 393. Turdus Orpheus ?. Lath. Ind. Orn. p. 339. Mimus.. Bri. Mee. 20, ).262. n. 27. Ntequam detectus effet orbis occiduus, mufices palmam ab aliis avibus L facile preripuit Lufcinia, in fylvis Europeis cantatrix omnium jucundif- fima. Mirum fane fcientiz zoologicz infignis illa epocha attulit incrementum, plurimaque comperta funt animalia quz forma fingulari: omnia hactenus in ve- teri orbe confpecta longe fuperabant. Tum primum phyficis innotuerunt Di- delphides, in folliculo abdominali catulos diu poft partum geftantes. Rana Pipa, feu Surinamenfis, que modo prorfus contrario pullos in cellulis dorfalibus gerit, inter ( 114 5) inter prodigia quae ingeniofa protulit natura, merito habebatur. Viderunt pri- mum gaudio fimul et ftupore; perculír iftius; temporis philofophi immenfe mag- nitudinis Condoram, qua cum ovibus correptis avolat, immo etiam armenta majora perfequitur et~devaftat ;~ nec mon perexiguum-Frochilum, plurimis in- fe&is minutiorem, fuperbientemque coloribus queis cedit longe quicquid eft humane artis. "Íntér aves cantatrices deprénfa eft turdi fpecies fuaviloquo car- mine lufcinie.cipfi antecellens. - i Notiffimum eft aves Americanas plumis verficoloribus nitidiffimas, cantu illo jucundifimo quo fylve prataque Europza maxime hilarantut ut plurimum carere: “quam ‘ob "caufam Britannie eleganter gratulatur poeta noftras non ignobilis. Sint procul a nobis plumz quas mille colorum Sole fub occiduo fplendida turba gerit, Dum Philomela fuos foliis adoperta novellis Inftituat numeros cum filet omne nemus. susóquO aul Canit tamen Philomela moeftum aliquod et querulum, ut dulce dolentem putemus. Flet no&ém, ramoque fedens miferabile carmen Integrat, et moeítis late loca queftibus implet. Vox vero avis quam nunc defcribere pergimus, fonat ardentius quiddam, clarius et alacrius ;; varium magis et canorum. Arbufcule plerumque. infidens nocte dieque canit Turdus Orpheus, idque numeris adeo muficis et fonoris ut in ftuporem plane rapiat auditores. Si orbis occidui incolis. credendum fit, vincuntur longe dulces tenerzque Lufciniz querele potentioribus Americanz cantatricis carminibus, Nec C £*$ ) Nec fclum fua voce precellit miranda hzc avis, fed vocem etiam cantuf- que aliarum plurimarum volucrum imitatur, nec non aliorum animalium, et rerum etiam domefticarum fonitus. Non lautior eft illi veftitus quam. lufciniz noftre. Color generalis eft cine- reo feu plumbeo-fufcus, alis caudaque obfcurioribus. Pars corporis inferior propemodum albicat, ut et re&trices dux exteriores, marginibus nigris. Roftrum et crura nigricant. T'e&rices extremz,. remigefque aliqui fecundarii fubalbidi alam maculant. Turdum noftrum vulgarem magnitudine fere-zquat Orpheus, fed elegantior eft et delicatior.. Varietas hujus avis eft paulo minor, quz lineola alba in fu- perciliis pracipue diftinguitur, quzque a. nonnullis auctoribus (inter czteros a Linnzo) ut fpecies diverfa notatur. Pennantus tamen varietatem meram effe judicat. Interdum.quoque pe&ore maculato confpicitur, quod forfan fiat antes quam plumas perfectas nacta fit.. Reperitur Turdus Orpheus in: omni. calidiori America, in ipfis etiam nu- perrime foederatis provinciüs, Sylvas humidas praecipue amat,.variifque baccis vefcitur, . T HE ( s13& ) THE MOCKING THRUSH. GENERIC CHARACTER. Bitz. ftrait, obtufely carinated at top, bending a little at the point, and _ flightly notched near the end of the upper mandible. NosrniLs oval and naked. Toncve flightly jagged at the end. Middle ror conneéted to the outer as far as the firft joint. SABEEJCIOEIC LCIIAR Z ACIE B. &r Thrufh of a lead-coloured-brown above, »whitifh beneath. Mocking Bird. Ra. Synops. p. 64. No. s. p. 185. No. 31. Sloan. Fam. 2. 306. No. 34. Catefb. Car. 1. pl. 27. HE Nightingale, fo uniformly admired as the pride of the European woods, and fo celebrated from the earlieft ages for its fupereminent mu- fical powers, continued to bear the palm of melody from the reft of the feathered tribe till the difcovery of the weftern hemifphere. At that ftriking period the knowledge of the animal world was increafed in all its branches by a vaft variety of new and interefting fpecies; many of which exceeded in fingularity of form all that the Old Continent had difplayed. The Opoffums, fo remark- able for the extraordinary manner in which they bear their young about them, long after the period of exclufion, were then firft difcovered: the Pipa, or toad V LIF lor, Joep. TURDUS ORPHEUS. THE MOCKING 'THRUSH. Liublished July 7.1792. by 4 Parkinson Leverian Museun. " PUT M r2 vea ram A aae aM il ( mag ) toad. of Surinam, which in a manner dire&ly oppofite, bears its young in nu- merous cells on its back, was another object of wonder to the naturalifts of Europe: while amongft birds, the prodigious fize of the Condor, which feizes and carries off fhecp, and even attacks and deftroys the larger cattle, oppofed to the diminutive race of Humming-birds, fome of which are far lefs than feveral infeéts, and adorned with colours which no art can exprefs, called forth all that admiration which philofophic inquirers muft ever feel at new and cu- rious difcoveries in the hiftory of Nature. Amoneft birds pofeffed of mufical powers, a fpecies of thrufh was found to exift, to whofe voice even the warblings of the nightingale were judged inferior. It is remarkable that many of the highly gay and brilliant birds of America, are deftitute of that pleafing power of fong which gives fo peculiar a charm to the. groves and fields of Europe; and an elegant poet has beautifully expreffed the fuppofed fuperiority of our own ifland in this refpect. * Nor envy we the gaudy robes they lent Proud Montezuma’s realm, whofe legions caft A boundlefs radiance waving on the fun, While Philomel is ours; while in our fhades, 'Thro' the foft filence of the liftening night The fober-fuited fongftrefs trills her lay.” The mufic however of the nightingale has always been confidered as plain- tive or melancholy, and fuch as conveys ideas of diftrets. Flet no&em, ramoque fedens, miferabile carmen Integrat, et maeftis late loca queftibus implet. Darkling fhe wails in fadly-pleafing (trains, And melancholy mufic fills the plains. But the notes of the bird now to be defcribed are of a livelier nature, a bolder ftrain, and of a more varied richnefs and force of tone. It fings both No. III. R by ( we) by day and night, and generally feats itfelf on the top of fome fmall tree, where it exerts a voice fo powerfully ftrong, and fo fweetly melodious as to charm even to rapture thofe who liften to its lays. If we may rely on the atteftations of thofe who have refided on the Weftern Continent, all the thrilling fweetnefs and varied modulations of the nightingale, mutt yield to the tranfcendent mufic of the fongíter of America. Exclufive of its own enchanting note, it poffeíles the power of imitating thofe of moft other birds; nay it even carries this propenfity fo far as to imitate the voices of various other animals, as well as different kinds of domeftic founds. This wonderful bird is as undiftinguifhed by any peculiar gaiety of appearance as the European nightingale. Its general colour is a pale cinereous brown; the wings and tail deeper, or more inclined to blackifh: the under part of the body is nearly white, and the two exterior feathers of the tail are of the fame colour, with dark margins: the bill and legs are black. The covert feathers of the wings are flightly tipped with white, and fome of the fhorter or fecondary wing-feathers are white alfo, forming a mark of that colour on the wing. It is nearly of the fize of the common or fong-thrufh, but of a more deli- cate fhape. Of this bird there is a fmaller variety, which has a white line over each eye: this by fome authors (and amongít others by Linnzus,) is made a diftin& fpecies; Mr. Pennant however has regarded it merely in the light of a variety. It has alfo been feen with a fpotted breaft, which probably is the ftate in which it appears before it has attained its full plumage. This bird is an inhabitant of all the warmer parts of America, and is found as far north as the united Britifh States. It chiefly frequents moift woods, and feeds principally on the different kinds of berries. STRIX. ((. zar. ) S4 UE. Roble D le a: Bore CH AR A CT Pek GEN BRO OS, Rostrum aduncum, abíque cera. Nares pennis fetaceis recumbentibus obtectz, Capur grande: auribus oculifque magnis, LiNGva bifida. Lin, Syfl. Nat. p. x31. CHARAEIER SPECIEICUS oe. Strix Rufa, maculis pun&ifque nigris, fufcis, cinereifque variata. Strix capite auriculato, corpore rufo, Bubo. Bel. av. 29. a. Gefs. avd. p. 234. Aldr. orm. 1. f. 502. Brifs ev. 1. 9. 477. *. 1. Ras Syn. 9. 24. T, VEM oftendit tabula que a fpecimine pulcherrimo fimul et integerrimo delineata eft. "Tantum eft affinitatis inter hoc genus et genus Falco, ut ftriges quafi nocturni quidam falcones non male habeantur, et apte fatis ob- fervavit Linnaeus eandem effe inter has et illos differentiam; que eft inter phalenas et papiliones, Dividitur genus in fpecies cornutas et cornubus ca- rentes ; illas fcilicet quibus capiti utrinque affurgunt plumz cornuum more, eafque quibus caput omnino lzve. In editione licet duodecima Syftematis Nature Linnzi fpecies memorentur tantum duodecim, progreffu tamen temporis id acceffit incrementi, ut jam cog- R 2 nitze (( 190: ) nite numerentur tantum non quinquaginta. Vix ulla major quam que in tabula depingitur, cujus moles paululum aquile cedit. Color generalis e rufo ferrugineus, maculis majoribus minoribufque fufcis, ni- gris, cinereifque variatus, nec non punctutis innumeris concoloribus diftindtus. Color praterea vel pallidior vel faturatior pro diverfa state et valetudine. Irides croceo-rubrz. Roftrum nigrum. Ungues nigri, unci, validiffimi. Crura ad ipfos ungues plumata. In Anglia rariffime confpicitur hzc fpecies; interdum tamen in locis fyl- vofis et faxofis invenitur. In Gallia, Germania, et reliquis Europz partibus minime rara. Cuniculos, aves, aliaque animalia pradatur. Supervacaneum forfan fit notare genus. male ominatum et luctus prefagum ab omnibus fere populi femper habitum fuiffe: qua fuperftitio etiam in Ame- rica dominatur, quaque ex antiquis Immunes fuiffe foli videntur Athenienfes, qui bubonem utpote avem Minervz dilectam, magno favore tutati funt; illam ipfam precipue fpeciem de qua jam agitur, cujus non dubito quin. tunc tem- poris maxima ibi effet copia, cum hodie nulla fit penuria. Notandum eft ftriges aliquot, duas nempe vel tres, mole et partium pro- proportione huic fimillimas, coloribus tamen longe diverfas, a nonnullis va- rietates potius quam fpecies. vere diftin&as haberi; ftrigem. fcilicet Scandiacam. Linnzi, in Suecia Septentrionali natam, qua penitus albet; ítrigemque Virgis nianam ejufdem auctoris, Americe Auftralis incolam, qua a noftra ave in eo. tantum differt, quod pe&us et abdomen alba fint, ftriis innumeris trapfverfis, fufco-nigricantibus fafciata. THE SAAN NS ) SN C ven j —— — ———————— GENE. Re Cas Ci. A, RA, C. E. Bs. BirL crooked ; without cere. NosrRiLs covered with briftly feathers Heap large: both ears and eyes very large.. 'ITowcvz bifid. Latbam.. SPHERE HC! CHAR ASGE:-EBOR, .&e: Rufous Owl variegated with fpots, marks, and fpecklings of black, brown;, and cinereous. Great Horned-Owl or Eagle-Owl.. Will. orn. p. 99. f. 126. Le grand Duc. Buff ois. 1. Pv 3326 te. 22 Great Eared Owl. r Lath, Synops. 1, p. 116.. HE fpecies of Owl here reprefented, is taken from a fpecimen of uncommon beauty ard perfection. The alliance between this genus and: that of Falco, is extremely ftrong; and indéed owls may be confidered as a: kind of nocturnal Hawks, differing, as Linnzus moft happily obferves,. from: thofe birds in the fame manner as moths differ from butterflies; the one- being chiefly nocturnal, the other diurnal. They. are divided into the horned‘ and hornlefs, or thofe which have elongated plumes ftanding up on each: fide ¢ we J fide the head in the manner of horns, and thofe which have the head per- fectly fmooth. In the twelfth edition of the Syftema Nature of Linnzus, the fpecies of owls amount to no more than twelve. Such however have been the rapid advances of ornithology fince that period, that the number of fpecies at pre- fent known is not far fhort of fifty. Of all the fpecies the prefent is perhaps the largeít; being not far inferior toan eagle. Its general colour is rufous or ferruginous, beautifully varied with larger and {maller fpots and markings of brown, black, and cinereous; to- gether with innumerable freckles or minute fpecklings of the fame colours. It is alfo found of a deeper or lighter hue, according to various circumftances of age and health. The irides are of a bright reddifh-orange: the beak black: the claws are alfo black, and extremely large, ftrong, and crooked: the legs are feathered to the claws themfelves. In England this fpecies is but rarely feen: it is however fometimes found, and frequents woody and rocky places. In France, Germany, and many other parts of Europe it is not uncommon. It preys on rabbits, birds, and various animals. It is needlefs to obferve that owls in general are regarded in moft coun- tries as birds of ill omen, and fuperftitioufly confidered as meflengers of woe. This apppears to be the cafe in the new world as well as the old, fince the Americans hold the fame opinion. The Athenians alone amongft the ancients, feem to have been free from this popular prejudice, and to have regarded the owl with veneration rather than abhorrence; confidering it as the favorite bird of Minerva. The fpecies thus venerated, was the fame which we have, juit defcribed: it was probably extremely common in the adjacent regions, as it alfo is at this day. It [ 123 ] It may not be improper to obferve, that two or three of the very large horned owls which nearly refemble this fpecies in fize and general proportion, have been confidered by fome authors rather as varieties than as really dit- tinc, though differing widely in colour; for inftance the Strix Scandiaca of Linnzus, which is found in the northern parts of Sweden, and which is to- tally white; and the Strix Virginiana of Linnzus, found in North America, which differs in having the breaft and belly white, with innumerable tranfverfe bars of brown or blackifh. CER- ( 124 ) CRIT AMS NEG ae NNUS: GUHGA;R A,G. iE R, G;E NLE/RALG U:S. RosrRuM arcuatum, tenue, fubtrigonum, acutum. Lincua acuta. Pepes ambulatorii. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 194. CE ARCACTITQUSPUOGGIEIQCI S, c. Certhia nigro-violacea, alis caudaque fufcis, vertice gulaque viridi-aureis, pectore coccineo viridi-aureo undulato. Certhia nigro-violacea, vertice gulaque viridi-aureis, pectore coccineo. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 186. Certhia Senegalenfis violacea. Brifs. av. 3. p: 660. m. 29. f. 34. R9. Certhia Senegalenfis. Lath, lud. Orn. p. 294. eer diftinguit hanc aviculam color fplendidus et varius. Collum pof- ticum cum laterum parte fuperiore, abdominis inferiore, aterrimum eft et quafi holofericum. Ale caudaque fufca tinguntur leviter fub-ferrugineo. Vertex capitis aureo-viridis, quo nihil concipi poffit fulgentius, Guttur con- | color infra mandibulam inferiorem lucet colore minus faturo. ^ Uterque roftri angulus ( 125 ) angulus maculam habet oblongam nigram. Pe&us et abdominis pars fuperiot coloris funt fplendidiffime phaenicei, ftriis numerofis tranfverfis caeruleo-viridibus undulati; quod oritur a coloribus mixtis pennarum, quz bafi nigricant, medio aureo-virides, apicibus phoeniceis. Roftrum modice curvatum, acutum, nigrum. Pedes quoque nigri. Senegalam incolit hzc avicula, monftratque eam figura magnitudine naturali. No. III. tn T ILE (( 126a y: THE. JjJSOEIGGEG Al, GALE EP E.R GEN ER LC-oGCH AR AC TER. Brit flender, incurvated, fharp-pointed. Nosrrits generally fmall. Toncve in fhape various, in fome fharp-pointed, in others ciliated, in others tubular. Toes placed three before and one behind; back toe large; cle» and long. SPECIFICS CHARACTER oe Violet-black Creeper, with brown wings and tail, crown and throat eold~ green, breaft fcarlet, with gold-green undulations. Senegal creeper. : Lath. Symopf x. p. 709. Le Souis-manga violet à poitrine rouge. Buff. oif. 5. p. 5 É % HIS bird is highly diftinguifhed by the variety and fplendor of its colours. The back of the neck, the upper part of the fides, and the lower part ofthe abdomen are of a deep velvet-black: the wings and tail brown, with a flight caft of ferruginous: the upper part ef the head of the moft fplendid golden-green that can be conceived: the throat the fame, but on the part immediately beneath the lower mandible fomewhat more obícure than on the fides, EPERS. CRE GAIL D NI TE Bg H v 1 zi jus] 3 A 3 PSs * LAT 7 Ss E P - pe [2 E K C S Ml We ( 127 ) fides, At each corner of the beak is an oblong patch of black. The breaft and upper part of the belly are of the moft vivid crimfon, undulated tranf- verfely with numerous blueifh-green ftreaks : this undulated appearance on the breaft is owing to the feathers being tipped with crimfon, while the middle is green-gold, and the bafe nearly black. The beak is moderately curved, fharp and black ; the legs are alfo black. It is a native of Senegal. The figure reprefents it of its natural fize.. Sa TRO- Bids qug oq NS ORNATUS. CHARACTER GENERICUS Rostrum fubulato-filiforme apice tubulato, capite longius: Mandibula fupe- rior vaginans inferiorem. Lincua filiformis, filis duobus coalitis tubulofa. Przprzs ambulatorii. Lin. Syfl. Nat. p. 189. CHARACHER.SPECCHEILCUSJ 685 Trochilus re&iroftris fufcus, crifta rufa, gula viridi-aurea, pennis colli utrin- que elongatis. 'Trochilus ornatus. Lath. Ind. Orn. p. 318. Gmel. Syft. Nat. p. 497. * Rochilorum genus, minutiffimum, pulcherrimum, nitidiffimum, in America folummodo nafcitur ; calidiori precipue, perpauca enim funt in contra- rium exempla. Vividum illis eft ingenium, miraque alarum pernicitas; tanta preterea colorum fulgentiffimorum corufcatio, ut dignior fit quz cum metal- lorum politifimorum, gemmarumque pretiofifiimarum nitore, potius quam cum aliarum avium fplendidiffimo veftitu poffit comparari: nec enim fapphirinz cedit aut fmaragdine luci, aut aureo chryfolithi fplendori. Cavendum ("957) Cavendum tamen eft putemus Jautum hunc ornatum univerfo generi com- munem: funt enim nonnulle fpecies tantum non obfcure, virore quodam fub- aureo fufco-purpureas alas dorfumque leviter perfufe. | Cum numerofiffimum fit genus, quo facilius diftinguantur fpecies, vifum. eft illud in duas divifiones difponere, quas fcilicet vocarunt phyfici curvirofires et reéctirofires. In pofteriore militat fpecies quam jam deferipfimus. Rariffima eft, Cayenamque inhabitat. Magnitudine trochilum qui celudris dicitur fere squat, provinciis nuperrime foederatis notiffimum; coloribus autem longe differt. Corporis enim fuperiora aureo-viridia, inferiora, excepta gula, fubfuica. Abdominis ima parte gradatim albicante. —Erigitur crifta magna, paululum compreffa, lete ferrugineo-rubra, quafi e ferico mollifimo confecta.-- Alarum remiges caudaque cupreo-fufca. Uropygium albet. Utrinque a-collo extant torquis more penne plures longe. rubro-ferruginez, fingulz apice expanfo terminate aureo-viridi, quas dicitur avis vel erigere vel deprimere poffe ad libitum. Gula aureo-viret, interdum tamen in fufcum verficolor. Roftrum pedefque nigricant. T EE ( 130 ) THE RUFF-NECKED HUMMING-BIRD. CEN ere Ct arene te Birt flender and weak; in fome ftrait, in others incurvated. NostRILs minute. Toncve very long, formed: of two conjoined cylindric tubes; miffile. Tors three forward, one backward. Tai confifting of ten feathers. Pennant, a SPI CWEPYe cme mR AC ke RO SC: Strait-billed brown. Humming-Bird, with ferruginous creft, gold-green throaty, and elongated neck-feathers on. each fide. 'Tufted-necked. Humming-bird, Lath, Synops. p. L'Oifcau-mouche, dit le Hupecol de Cayenne. DL. EnL, 640. f... 3. HE brilliant and. lively race of Humming- Birds, fo remarkable at once for their beautiful colours and diminutive fize, are the peculiar natives of the American continent, and, with very few exceptions, are principally found in the hotteft parts of America. Their vivacity, fwiftnefs, and fingular ap- pearance unite in rendering them the admiration of mankind; while their colours are fo radiant, that it is not by comparing them with the analogous hues of other birds that we are enabled to explain with propriety their peculiar appearance, but by the more exalted brilliancy of polifhed metals and precious ftones : TROCHILUS ORNATWUS 2.2) THE RUIT]! “77.92 A, 7 Pork r*rruo n. Zeverrase Ms NECIHKIEJD T UII or ct 7 HU MMING - BIRDS C, £i». ) ftones: the ruby, the garnet, the fapphire, the emerald, the topaz, and poli fhed gold being confidered as the moft proper objects of elucidation. It is not however to be imagined that all the fpecies of humming-birds are thus decorated: fome are even obícure in their colours, and inftead of the prevailing fplendor of the major part of the genus, exhibit only a faint appearance of a golden-green tinge, flightly diffufed over the brown or purplifh colour of the back and wings. The genus is of a very great extent, and in order that the fpecies may with greater readinefs be diftinguifhed, it has been found neceffary to divide them into two fections, viz. the curve-billed and the ftrait-billed. It is under the latter of thefe divifions that we muft rank the fpecies here reprefented, which is one of the rareft of the whole tribe, and is a native of Cayenne. In fize it is nearly equal to the Trochilus Colubris, or common red-throated humming-bird, fo often feen in the united Britifh ftates, but its colours are far different. The upper parts of the body are green-gold: the under parts, except the throat, are brownifh, gradually becoming white on the lower part of the abdomen: the head is ornamented with a large upright, and fomewhat comprefled creft, of a delicate filky appearance, and of the richeft ferruginous or reddifh colour. The long wing-feathers and tail are of a coppery brown: the rump white. On each fide the neck are fituated feveral long feathers ftandinge out in the manner of a ruff, which give a moft fingularly beautiful afpe& te this Ípecies: thefe feathers are of a reddifh brown, each terminated by a golden- green expanded tip, and the bird is faid to have the power of raifing or de- preffing them, at pleafure. The throat is golden-green, which, in particular lights, changes into brown :. the bill and legs are blackifh. PHOE- C 132} PHOENICOPTERUS-RURBER. CH ARA Q.D EAR GoEAN HR LCA: Rostrum denüdatum, infracto-incurvatum, denticulatum. Nares lineares. Pzprs palmati, tetradactyli. Lin. $yfl. Nat. p. 230, — — — CHARACTER SPECIFR ICUS; e&t hoenicopterus ruber, remigibus nigris. Hi : À ‘Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 230. Phoenicopterus. . Jasisi Bell. av. 299. Gefn. av. 688. Aldr. orn. p. 319. Will. orn. 360. i Gc. I fas fit putemus Naturam decorum illum partium confenfum congruentiam- que, quibus pleraque gaudent animalia, confulto preterire, hoc certe Phoe- nicoptero accidit, cujus collum et crura enormi adeo et monftrofa funt longi- tudine ut promptum habilemque avis geftum et inceffum aliquatenus impedire videantur. Quo magis hec incommoda augeantur, roftrum ipfum quafi vi aliqua curvatum et diffractum videtur, mandibulis a medio fubito defcenden- tibus; unde fit ut caput fere retro at terram inter pafcendum convertere, et velut a latere cibum.capere cogatur, Coloris ( 9 ) Coloris autem eximia elegantia avi plene et adulte forme inconcinnitatem compenfat. Color generalis eft rofeo-coccineus, in aliquibus corporis partibus fere in albedinem tranfiens: eft etiam ubi ob ztatem, feu alias quafcunque cau- fas, nonnullis in locis albedo fere dominatur. Remiges, feu pennz alarum lon- giores, funt femper aterrima, et ob infignem a czteris coloribus difcrepantiam,, mirum afferunt huic avi ornamentum. Roftrum rubro-fufcefcens, apice nigro. Crura pedefque fanguinei. Phoenicopterus anfere non multo minor eft. Nidum dicitur ex luto effingere in formam coni, feu colliculij adeo levati, ut cruribus utrinque. dependentibus et extenfis illi infideat. Africae eft indigena, fed et in Europe regionibus calidioribus advena non infrequens confpicitur, Varias etiam Americe partes inhabitat Phoenicopterus, No. III. "3r TALE (o4 ) ToeH «Bot GFOLoAcGOMS Daly 0 GENERIC CHARAECIEJI Bitt thick, large, bending in the middle as if broken, edges of the upper mandible toothed, of the lower traníverfely fulcated. NosrRiLs linear. Fzrr palmated, four-toed. SPEC Perper c MAR ASS ERs ac. Crimfon Flamingo with the long wing-feathers black. Flamingo. Rai Synops. p. 190 1. Sloan. "Tam. p. 321. 17. Catefb. Carol. x. pl. 73- 74. Lath, Synops. 3. f. 299. F ever Nature may be faid to have violated the general rules of pro- portion by which moft animals are fo gracefully diftinguifhed, it muft be in the Flamingo; the neck and legs of which are fo enormoufly and even awkwardly long, that they feem to fubje& the bird to fome inconvenience and conftraint in its manner of walking and fitting. To add to thefe ap- parent difadvantages the beak is fo conftruéted as to appear as if bent or broken by fome accidental violence; the mandibles curving fuddenly downwards from the middle. From this circumftance, the bird when feeding, is obliged to Le. roy, ded PHOENICOP TEMS RUBER, THE FLAMINGO. "ublished at the Ad directs Jub, 2.1792 ey X Parkinson Lewervan Museum e ome ) to turn its head almoft with the back towards the ground, and to take its food in a lateral dire&ion. But the fuperior elegance of its plumage, when in a ftate of perfection, makes ample amends for the extravagance of its fhape. The general colour of the bird is rofeate crimfon, or rather fcarlet, which foftens in fome parts almoft into white; and indeed the bird is fo much fubject to vary from age and other circumítances, that it is frequently feen with the white almoft the predominating colour in fome parts of the body. The long feathers of the wings are always of a deep. black, which adds greatly to the beauty of the bird, by the contraft it forms to the reft of the plumage. The beak is reddiíh- brown, with a black tip: the legs and feet red. The Flamingo is not much inferior in fize to a goofíe. It is faid to build its neft of mud, in the form of a hillock, and of fuch a height as to admit of its fitting upon it with its legs hanging down on each fide at full length. It is a native of Africa, but is not unfrequently feen as an occafional vifitant in many of the warmer parts of Europe. It is alfo a native of the Weft Indies. C 186. ) CAPRIMULGUS MAGUS CHARACTER GENERICUS RosrRuM modice incurvum, minimum,, fubulatum, bafi depreffum.. Visriss@ ad os ferie ciliari. Ricrus ampliffimus. LiwGuA acuta, integerrima. Lin. Syf. Nat. p. 118. CHATRAVTEN SPECIFICUS,dS&e Caprimulgus grifeo-gilvus, fufco nigroque irroratus. Caprimulgus grandis. Gmel. Syf. Nat. 1. p. 1029. Caprimulgus Brafilienfis major nzvius.. Bri. 2. 9. ABE. 70. 7. Ibiau, Caprimulgus Americanus. Rau Syn. p. 27. 2. Caprimulgus grandis. Lath, Ind, Orn. p. i83. UIC generi peculiare eft roftrum minimum, rictu oris ampliffimo, retro- que longe ultra ipfas mandibulas protenfo; unde fit ut os latiffime apertum, deforme omnino, et monftrofum videatur. Hanc ipfam tamen con- formationem hujufmodi avibus, noétu tantum evolantibus, ad cibum commodius. arripiendum benevole dedit natura: majora enim infecta, phalenas nempe et Ícarabzos predantur, queis facilius captandis infervit oris amplitudo. Cha- (( 189€ Chara&eribus plerifque externis Caprimulgus Hirundini eft fimillimus ; ideo- que a quibufdam phyficis in ifto genere difponimr: nec fane quid. vetat quin: inter hirundines apte fatis poffit numerari : immo Linnzus ipfe obfervat genus Caprimulgi ab Hirundine differre uti phalana a papilione, aut ftrix. a falcone. Inter omnes hujus generis aves fpecies jam depicta eft longe maxima. Cay-. anam in. America. Auftrali incolit, et magnitudine cedit paulum Falconi Buteoni. Color ejus eft pallide ochraceus, feu pallide gilvus, punctis maculifque innu- meris fufcis variatus. Remiges feu. penne alarum longiores, cum cauda, fafciis tran{verfis albidis fufcifque notantur. Crura funt brevia, et ad ipíos fere pedes plumulis veftita, Caprimulgi, ut plurimum, funt aves folitarie. Nomen Caprimu/gus huic ge- ner datum eft, quoniam fpeciem communem Europeam caprarum et ovium mammas noctu exfugere vulgo olim crederetur. C138. ) THE GREAT'G-O:.A"T:S!'U'G! KOREA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Bitt very fhort, hooked at the end, and very flightly notched near the point. Nosrrits tubular, and a little prominent. Mourn extremely wide, the edges of the upper mandible furnifhed with füff briftles. Toxcvr fmall, entire at the end. SPECIEIC'CH"ARA'CUEETR; 3X Cream-coloured Goatfucker, fpeckled and varied with black and brown. Grand Goatfucker. Lath, Synopf. p. $90. Le Grand Ibijau. Buff. oif. 6. p. 541. HE birds of this genus are diftinguifhed by having the beak very fimall, while the rictus or opening of the mouth runs extremely backwards on each fide, fo as to país far beyond the mandibles themfelves. In confequence of this formation the mouth appears of fo immoderate a fize, as to be almoft viewed in the light of a deformity. This very circumftance however is the kind provifion of nature for enabling the birds of this genus to fupport their exiftence. They fly only by night, and feed on the larger infects, as beetles, moths, &c. which this large extent of mouth enables them the more eafily to obtain. In CAPRIMULGUS MAXIMUS. THE GREAT GOATSUCKER. Act directe Judy. 2.17.92. by LParkinzon, Leverian Muscum . Published as the € 139 ) In moft of their external characters thefe birds are very nearly allied to the fwallow-tribe, and have even been ranked by fome naturalifts in that genus. In fact there is no impropriety in regarding them as a. kind of nocturnal fwallows ; and Linnzus, in the Syftema Nature, very properly obferves that they are as nearly allied to fwallows as moths are to butterflies, or as owls to hawks. Of all the birds of the genus Caprimulgus, the fpecies here reprefented is by far the largeft. It is a native of Cayenne in South America. It is in fize not far fhort of a buzzard. The colour is a dull. pale ochre, or cream- colour, fpeckled and varied with innumerable fpots and marks of brown. The long-feathers of the wings and tail are barred with brown and whitifh : -the legs are fhort, and coated almoft to the toes with fmall feathers. The goatfuckers in general are folitary birds. The name Caprimulgus or Goatfucker was given to this genus from the popular fuperftition of the com- mon European fpecies being fuppofed to fuck the teats of fheep and goats. PSIT- ( wo 5 ESTT THOUS “A TROPrURT Ure. x. CHARACTER GENERLGUTS... Rosrrum aduncum: mandibula fuperiore mobili, cera inftruéta. Nanss in roftri bafi. Lincua carnofa, obtufa, integra. Pzpzs {canforii Lin. Syft.. Nat. $. 139. CHARA C!LE RY SPE CM PC US) ee. Pfittacus macrourus atropurpureus, dorío alis caudaque faturate holoferico- viridibus, remigibus prioribus rectricibufque exterioribus cyaneis. Pfittacus Tabuenfis. Lath. Ind. Orn. p. 88. NTER elegantiores jure poffit hic numerari quodquot in uberrima illa pfittacorum nutrice, Nova Hollandia generantur. Roftrum pedefque nigri- cant. Caput, collum, et abdomen magnifice atro-purpurea. Dorfum, humeri, ale caudaque coloris graminei faturatioris, fuperficie quafi holoferica. Rectrices duz intermedie caruleo verficolori leviter tinguntur. JEquat magnitudine hzc avis pfittacum fplendidum prius in hoc opere de- fcriptum. Cauda longa et cuneata, rectricibus inequaliter ad latera decreicen- tibus. ( 141 ) tibus. Remiges primores rectricefque due vel tres exteriores coloris funt cyanei. Alia extat pfittacifpecies ? huic noftre valde affinis, quamque Lathamius in Synopfi Ávium pro varietate tantum proponit; coloribus quamvis differat ; qux enim huic partes atropurpurez funt, in illa fplendidiffime coccinez: color praterea viridis longe quam huic lucidior : an tamen vere fit diftin&a avis, feu varietas tantum, ut verum fatear, vix aufim pro certo affirmare. U THE *"No. III. C 142 ) THE! POMPADOURs #2 ARBs. GENERIC CHARACTER. Birt hooked. Upper mandible moveable. Nosrrizs round, placed in the bafe of the bill. Toncve flefhy, broad, blunt at the end. Lecs fhort. Toes formed for climbing; viz. two toes forward and two backward. SPECIFIC CHARALT faa ee Long-tailed dark-crimfon Parrot, with the back and wings velvet-green, tips of the wings and exterior tail-feathers deep-blue. Tabuan Parrot Lath. Symopf. p. 214. MONGST the beautiful fpecies of Parrots fo plentifully difperfed over the ifland of new Holland, the prefent may be confidered as one of the moft elegant. The beak and legs are blackifh; the head, neck, breaft and belly of the richeft and deepeft atropurpurean, or dark crimfon: the back, fhoulders, and tail deep grafs-green, with a rich filky or velvet- like furface: the two middle feathers of the tail are flightly clouded with a varying caft of blue, and the two or three exterior ones incline ftrongly to this colour. The long feathers of the wings are alfo blue. The tail is of great OL. Diyley adel. YS Lu ae : lan nexa pt. / PSITTACUS — ° THE POMPADOTR PARROT. Published az Bre det directs Tu eT yess do T2 7 x = 7.92. $y Z Parkin Lwertan Miseurrs 2 LE "D "m. C 348 ) great length, and cuneiform, or with the feathers unequally fhortening at the fides. There is a fpecies of parrot. extremely nearly allied to this, tho’ differing confiderably in colour, being of the brighteft and moft vivid {Carlet in all thofe parts which in the prefent bird are purple. The green alfo is of a very different appearance, and of a much brighter caft. Mr. Latham defcribes it as a mere variety of the prefent fpecies: indeed it is not eafy to determine with abfolute certainty whether it be really dif tin or a variety only. U 2 PIN. ( 144 ) PON GUTMAR TA PUNUUUCOIDOTSNEOM C HAGA. CADE. RB, GEN ER CALS: Rostrum rectum, apice fubincurvato. Nanzs lineares. Lincvua retrorfum aculeata. Ax. ad volandum inepte. PENN minutiffime. Pzprs compedes. CH AUR AGC TE RR. SEC ILEICUS vere: Pinguinaria fufco-cinerea, plumbeo irrorata, fubtus alba, capite nigricante, fafcia utrinque colli longitudinali flava. Aptenodytes Patachonica. Lath. Ind. Orn. p. 878. Manchot de la Nouvelle Guinée. Son. Voy. f. 179. f. 143. a ———— Uadrupedum nonnulle funt fpecies ita formate, ut animalibus diverfi (Q penitus generis fimillime videantur. Iftiufmodi eft Manis, quam, fi quis exteram tantum figuram infpiciat, inter lacertas numerandam effe pu- taret, vel faltem inter quadrupedes mammatos, ut dicuntur, et lacertas vin- culum effe, Animal ( te Animal Jerboa di&um geftus motufque habet avi fimiles; communiter enim, more avis, pedibus tantum pofterioribus quiefcit, cum, pedes antici adeo breves fint, ut iis folummodo ad arripiendum cibum utatur. Eodem fere modo in Kanguroo fe res habet, nec non in duobus vel tribus aliis ejufdem generis ani- malibus. Vefpertilio quoque alterum et mirum eft exemplum quadrupedis anomali, et avis more volantis. In claffe cetaria fenfim quafi decrefcit figura generalis quadrupedis in exteram formam pifcis; in fpecie precipue Trochechi Manatus nominata, Inter ipfas denique aves non defunt exempla aliqua formz primo intuitu dubiz et incerta, animalibufque diverfe omnino indolis et nature obícurz cu- jufdam et indiftinéte fimilitudinis. — Hujufinodi funt Pinguinarie, queis ale adeo funt breves, ad volandum prorfus inutiles, pennis prxterea parvulis et ambiguis obfite, (fintne enim fquamz an penne primo pene dubitum eft) ut ad ipforum pifcium fimilitudinem videantur quodammodo accedere : nullo enim alio geftu libere et commode uti poffunt nifi natandi et fubmergendi; cum vero in ficco progredi tentant, vacillante valde ct incerto motu feruntur, et turbatz, ftatim titubantes decidunt. Omnium hujus generis avium fpecies in tabula longe eft maxima, coloref- que habet pra ceteris nitidos et elegantes. — Roftrum illi nigrum eft, apice flavefcente, bafique maxillae inferioris crocea. Caput, cum gula, collique parte poftica, eft atro-fufcum. In collo utrinque fafcia longitudinalis flaviffima con- . fpicitur, Caetera avis a parte fuperiore eft cinerea, fingulis pennis apice ceru- lefcente terminatis, ita ut primo intuitu velut maculata appareat. T'ota pars corporis inferior alba eft: crura pedefque nigra. Eximia hec fpecies mundi Antarétici eft incola, et precipue prope Zerram del Fuego confpicitur. In Lin- nei fyftemate fruftra quaritur. Notandum ( 146 ) Notandum eft, fpecies duas hujus generis, quas folas defcripfit Linnzus, quamvis ad rigidam fui fyftematis normam, (quantum attinet nempe ad pedes et roftra) recte difponantur; in ceteris tamen ita diffimiles effe congeneribus, ut vix pofünt cum iis apte fociari; cumque in fyftemate Linnzano nullum his avibus genus peculiare tributum fit, me nomine generico (Pinguinaria {cilicet) illas non dubitafle diftinguere, Hm heb ! CBR oy, dal i PUES. PINGUINARIA PATACHONICA . THE PENGUIN. Ludblisfied as the Act directs July 2.1792.6y 1. Parkinson Leverian Museum. (onm JO IPE UPON CEUA CR OW POM Noo PEN GU 1 N; — —— —M—— —— — —— — ——— — GENERIC CHARACTER, Birr ftrait, flightly bent at the tip. Nostaits linear. Towcvz aculeated backwards. Wives ufelefs for flight. Frearuers extremely fmall. Lecs placed extremely backwards. Saree pie CHARACTER, &. Cinereous-brown Penguin, fpeckled with lead-colour, white beneath, with blackifh head, and a longitudinal yellow band on each fide the neck. Patagonian Penguin. Lath, Synops. 3. f. 563. Le grand Manchot. Buff. ois. 9. p. 399. ple 30. MONGST quadrupeds there are fome particular fpecies which in point of external appearance, feem to make an approach to creatures of a very different nature: thus the Manis has fo much the appearance and make of a lizard, that if outward form alone was confidered, it might be looked upon as conftituting the connecting link between the proper or viviparous quadrupeds and lizards. The Jerboa has the ufual a&ions and attitudes of a bird; ftanding generally on its hind legs, and only making ufe of the fore-feet occafionally to hold its food. The fame is the cafe with the Kanguroo, and with two or three other fpecies of the fame genus. The Bat may alfo be adduced as an ex- ample of a quadruped of an anomalous nature, and poffefled of the power of ( 338 ) of flight. 'The whole Cetaceous tribe affords a ftriking inftance of the gradual declenfion of the quadruped form, till in the Manati it very nearly ap- proaches to that of a very different clafs of beings. Even amongft birds there are not wanting inftances of the fame fort of in- diftin& alliance to animals of an entirely oppofite caft; the penguins, as they are called, being furnifhed with wings fo very fhort, covered with fmall fea- thers fo much refembling fcales, and fo perfectly ufelefs for flight, that they feem approximated in fome degree to fifh: and are capable of exercifing with eafe and expedition no other aétions but thofe of fwimming and diving : fince. when they attempt to walk, they can merely ftagger along in an awkward and unfteady manner, and if difturbed, are liable to flumble and fall. Of all the fpecies of this curious affortment of birds, that which is here figured is the largeft; it is alfo the moft elegant in its colours. The bill is black, with a yellowifh tip; but the bafe of the lower mandible is orange- colour. 'The head, throat, and hind part of the neck are blackifh-brown : on each fide the neck is a longitudinal ftripe of bright yellow: the remainder of the bird, on the upper part, is of a deep afh-colour, moft of the feathers being tipped with blueifh, fo as to give the bird a fpeckled appearance. The whole under part is white: the legs black. This curious fepcies is a native of the fouthern hemifphere, and is principally found about Falkland Iflands, It is a fpecies which does not occur in the works of Linnaus. It may not be improper to obferve, that the only two fpecies of Penguin mentioned by Linnzus, tho' placed in genera to which they may be allowed to belong, according to the ftri& principles of his mode of arrangement from the ftructure of the bills and feet, are yet fo unfortunately ftationed as to be to- tally difaffociated by almoft every other character, from the birds with which he has conjoined them. As there exifts in the Linnzan Syftem no name for this fet of birds, confidered as a feparate genus, I have prefumed to give the generic title of Pinguinaria. M O S- - x MOS CEP oe Bete CG A’ Utes, CPL ao al, ER. GENERICIU:. Cornva nulla. Dentes. Laniarm fuperiores folitarii, exferti.. Lin LN CIPA BMC OIETV CJSPHECILFIECUS Mofchus fufco-ferrugineus, fupra maculis albis notatus. Cervula Surinamenfis fubrubra, albis maculis notata ? Seb, Mus. 3. 71..7-.44.. OSCHO Brafilienf,, quem defcripfit celeberrimus Pénnantus, tanta effe videtur cum hoc noftro fimilitudo et affinitas, ut non omnino pro certo aufim affirmare an fpecies fit hzc revera difün&a, an illius junior et parvula varietas. Pennanti Brafilienfis z qualis. eft magnitudine Cervo Capreolo, cum fpecimen ipfiffimum quod depinximus vix Mofcho .Pygmzo majus fit; cum quo etiam congruit forma dentium ; habens nempe incifores duos medios in: maxilla inferiore latiffimos et maximos, quibus utrinque adjacent dentes tres parvi et angufti. Caret etiam, ut et Mofchus pyemeus, dentibus laniariis ex- fertis, qui in eo qui communis feu Mofchiferus dicitur, infignes funt ad notam difcriminis. No. III. X Color ( 1$0 ) Color eft ferrugineo-fufcus faturatior, maculis ovatis albis pulchre denfeque diftin&us. Corporis inferiora pallidiora; caput parvum; cauda modica; crura gracilia, ja&atque totum animal peculiarem quandam elegantiam et concinni- tatem. Non modo magnitudine et coloribus, fed forma et facie convenit huic cum animali a Seba depi&o, nomine Cervuli Surinamenfis fubrubri, albis maculis notati. Americe Auftralis partes calidiores incolere creditur, pre caeteris Brafiliam. Praftat celeritate, locaque montofa et faxofa praecipue amat. THE ADU P D d p B LUAM gat i». 6 baa ep app ———— SS SSE LS == Liyley del MoscHUS DELICATULUS , THE SMALL SPOTTED MUSK . > / » 4 Lo > 7 f, by LLATK LIS OF, Lever Muscur ( 1:31 ) tHE: SMA LL SPOTTED. MUSK. GENER LC GEILAR A.C. TE R. Two long rvsks in the upper jaw. Eight fmall curtinc TEETH in the lower jaw, none in the upper. Pennant. SI BCBBRC CH A RAC T E R. Ferruginous-brown Mufk fpotted above with white. HE animal with which this fpecies feems to have the greateft affinity is the Brafilan Mufk of Mr. Pennant, and it is not impoffible that it may be a variety of the. fame fpecies in a much younger ftate. The Brafilian Mufk being defcribed by Mr. Pennant as of the fize of a roe-buck, whereas the individual fpecimen here reprefented is fcarce larger than the Mof- chus pygmeus, or Guinea Mufk. It alfo exactly refembles that fpecies in the form and difpofition of the teeth, the two middle incifores in the lower jaw being extremely broad and large, and on each fide of thefe are fituated three fmall and flender teeth. Like the Mofchus pygmeus it is alfo deftitute of tufks, or exíerted dentes laniari which form fo confpicuous a feature in the large or common Mufk. The colour of this little animal is a very fine deep ferruginous brown, thickly and beautifully marked and fpotted with fomewhat oval patches of white. ( 152 ) white. "The under part of the body is fomewhat paler than the upper: the head is rather fmall; the tail of moderate length; the legs flender, and the appearance of the whole animal peculiarly elegant and delicate. It feems to agree in fize as well as in colour and general appearance, with the fpecies reprefented by Seba, under the title of Cervula Surinamenfis fub- rubra, albis maculis notata. It is believed to be a native of South America, and of Brazil in particular. * It is faid to be an animal of extreme agility and fwiftnefs ; and to be found chiefly in rocky and mountainous fituations. ( 183 ) MUSEUM LEVERIANUM. < No. IV. NUCDISLUR UAN GOL EN SIS. ———— CHARAGT ER. GENERIC US. Rostrum rectum, apice aduncum. CapuT (plerifque) impenne, antice nuda cute. Lincua bifida. CURE RA COILBRLSPEICTPEFICES. Vultur albus, orbitis nudis incarnatis, remigibus bafique caudz nigris. Lath. Ind, Orn. p. 7. Falco Angolenfis. Gmel. Syft. 1. p. 252. ARIOR eft et pulchrior hzc fpecies plerifque vulturini generis. Eadem fere ei magnitudo ac anati anferi Linnzi, forma autem gracilior. Rof- trum albicat. Cutis nuda ad roftri bafin fubcxrulea. Irides meline, cinctis oculis cute implumi carnei coloris. Cum reliquis plerifque congeneribus caput INo.-IV. M fit ( 154 ) fit denudatum, huic pennis contegitur. Tota avis albet, exceptis remigibus te&ricibufque majoribus feu fecundariis, nec non caudz bafi nigrantibus, qua tamen albo terminantur. Crura pallida. In Angola innafcitur pulchra hzc fpecies, primum a celeberrimo Pennanto defcripta, Reliquis plerifgue vulturibus alacri ingenio dicitur antecellere. ur v PATE 5 i "v. 7 AD, 2 MES YUIL'TUR ANGOLEN SIS THE ANGOLA VULTURE Wandon Leverton Museurr, ( 595.5 THE ANGOLA VULTURE. GENERIC CHARACTER, Brix ftrait, hooked at the tip. Heap commonly bare of feathers, with a naked fkin in front. Toncue bifid, SPECIFIC CHARSAGLER, &c. White Vulture, with naked flefh-coloured orbits, the longer wing-feathers and bafe of the tail black. Angola Vulture. Pennant’s Tour in Walesy vol. 1. p. 228, te 19. Lath. Synopf. 1. p. 18. HE very rare fpecies of Vulture here reprefented, is poffefled of a de- gree of elegance not often feen in this voracious tribe. In fize it is not far inferior to a goofe, but is of a more flender make. The bill is of a pale or whitifh colour; the cere, or bare fkin at the bafe, blueifh; the irides ftraw-coloured, and the eyes are furrounded by a bare flefh-coloured kin. 'The head is not naked, as in moft other vultures, but clothed with feathers. The whole bird is white, except the larger wing-feathers, or remiges, which X.39 are ( 156 ) are black. ‘The bafe, or lower part of the tail, is alfo black; but both that and the wings are tipped with white. The legs are of a pale colour. This curious fpecies is a native of Angola, and was firft defcribed by Mr. Pennant: it is faid to be of a more lively and attive difpofition than soft other vultures. CUCULUS ("393 CUCULUS CUPREUS. CHAWACTER GENBERICUS. Rostrum teretiufculum. Nanzs margine prominulz. Lincua fagittata, plana, integra. Pzpzs fcanforii. Lin. $yf. Nat. p. 168. CHARACTER SPECIFLCUS. Cuculus aureo-cupreus, abdomine femoribufque flavis. IDE patria avis pulcherrime jam primo defcripte nihil adhuc pro certo compertum. Africanam tamen pene aufim pronunciae ob [fummam affinitatem qua ei effe videtur cum alis nonnullis ejufdem generis Africam in- colentibus. Mole alaudam communem fere equat, corpore longiori et elegantiori. Tota fuperne contegitur plumis nitidiffime cupreis et verficoloribus ; fplendore nempe, variata luce, partim aureolo, partim quafi zneo et rubriori. Pennz rotundate, ita difpofibe funt ut fquamis non fint abfimiles. Venter femoraque Narciffi lon- ( 158 ) Jonquille Linnzi flavedine obducta, Cauda leviter cuneata, reCtricibus nempe exterioribus duabus intermediis gradatim contractioribus, notatifque una et altera ad apicem macula alba triangula. Roftrum pedefque nigrant. Si totam avem fpectes uno intuitu, affinem quodammodo putes Cusulo ax- rato, Ab eo tamen valde differt coloribus, caudaque longiori, THE ( 159 ) THRE GUPrBeECUS CUCEK OW. GENERIC CHARACTER, Britt fomewhat bending. NosrniLs bounded by a fmall rim. 'ToNcvuz fhort, pointed. Fzzr fcanforial. SPECIEBUS CHAR AGT ER Copper-coloured Cuckow, with a glofs of gold; the abdomen and thighs yellow. fFAHE very elegant bird figured on the prefent plate is a fpecies never before defcribed: its native country is not certainly known: it is, how- ever, moft probably, an African bird, and is pretty nearly allied to fome other African fpecies of this genus. In fize it is almoft equal to a lark, but is of a longer and more delicate form. Jt is remarkable for the beautiful luftre and changeable appearance of its plumage, which, on the whole upper furface of the bird, is of a bright copper-colour, with a metallic fplendor, varying according to the direction of the light into a much brighter or more golden caft in fome parts, and into a much [ x60 uy a much ftronger.and redder copper-colour in others. The feathers are of a rounded fhape, and, from their difpofition on the bird, have an appearance refembling fcales, The belly and thighs are of a beautiful jonquil-yellow. The tail is flightly cuneiform, or with the fide-feathers fhortening a little gra- dually from the middle ones. One or two of the exterior tail-feathers on each fide are alfo marked at the extremity with a triangular fpot of white. 'The beak and legs are black. In general fhape and appearance this bird is fomewhat allied to the Cuculus auratus, or Gilded Cuckow, but differs much in its colours, and in having a longer tail in proportion. VIVERRA ( x9» VIVERRA ICHNEUMON. CHARACTER,GENERIC LIS, DzwTrs Primores fex: / intermediis brevioribus, Moranzs plures quam tres. Liwcva retrorfum fepe aculeata. Uncues exferti. Lin. Syf. Nat. p. 63. ms CHARACTER SPECIFIC US) £c Viverra cauda e bafi incraffata fenfim attenuata, pollicibus remotiufculis, Lin, Syft. Nat. p. 63. Ichneumon. Gefx. Quadr. $68. Ichneumon, f. Vulpecula Zeilanica. Seb. Mus; te 9. 66. E. 4t. f. T. Chneumonem tradiderunt veteres crocodilo effe inimiciffimum, ovaque cjus diligentifime exquirere. Non miror eum ova ad comedendum expetere ; vix tamen credam alia quavis de caufa ipfi crocodilo precipue infenfum. Colebant eum antiqui ZEgyptii quod e domibus mures, forices, aliaque id generis animalia expulerit: cum enim in corum latebras corpus gracile infi: nuando inde ea poffet exturbare, adjunxit plus quam feling audacis peritiam No. IV. Z Fiverre ( se7 3 Fiverre Furonis. Sevit in ferpentes hoftili odio, His de caufis ali fepe folet Ichneumon ab /Egypti incolis, nec non Orientis aliquibus populis, Cito manfuefcic ; nec offendit immunditiis. Magnitudine vix cedit feli. Singuli pili ferrugineo grifeoque alternatim cre- broque annulati ^ Caput gracile, roftro acuto et elongato. Oculi flammeum rubentes, — Aures breves et rotundata. Cauda bafin villofiffima, inde feafim ad extremum decrefcens. Dentes acutiffimi. Ungues validi. Repit non raro Ichneumon humi, more fere ferpentis, et de fubito infilit in przdam. Flagrat acerrimo odio in felem, eamque [emper aggreditur, et, ut plurimum, debellat. IT SEE CE ~aumemnpy unseen uomnyary A " 1021 6,4022. «nep. ey ey BOL IAT “NOWOUNEA DT WH “NOW WE NAOT Vale WALA "non MM 4+ PP ubi ee ( 365 5 THE ICHNEUMON, or INDIAN WEASEL, SeNER IC CHAR AC TE Six cutting teeth, two canine teeth, in each jaw. Sharp nofe: flender body. ‘Five toes before: five behind, Pennant, — EPDESIFIG CHAR AC LE Ry. ae, Weafel with tail thick at the bafe, and from thence gradually tapering. The Indian Ichneumon. Edw. pl. 199. La Mangoutte. Buff. 13. 150. pl. 19. —— — — —— — H E Ichneumon is one of thofe animals which were well known to the ancients, and has been particularly celebrated for its fuppofed antipathy to the crocodile, of which it is faid to feek the eggs with great diligence, and devour them. ^ Exclufive however of its addiction to the eges as an article of food, it can hardly be fuppofed to bear any peculiar animofity to that animal. Its principal value amoneft the antient Feyptians arofe from its oreat ufe- o o S fulnefs in clearing the houfes of the inhabitants from rats, mice, and other Z5 vermin, C 164 ) vermin, which it purfues with ftill greater ardor and dexterity than the cat, and is enabled, from the form of his body, to wind into the cavities inhae bited by thofe creatures in the manner of a ferret. It is alfo a fevere enemy to fhakes, which it never fails to deftroy. In confequence of this faculty of deflroying vermin, it is frequently domefticated in Egypt, as well as in many parts of the eaftera regions. It is an animal of great cleanlinefs, and is eafily tamed. Its general fize is fearce inferior to that of a cat. Its colour is a fort of ferruginous grey, each hair being marked with feveral alternate circles of thofe colours. The head is of a flender form, and the fnout long and fharp: the eyes of a bright fire-colour: the ears fhort and rounded: the tail very thick of hair at the bafe, and from thence gradually tapering to the extremity. The teeth are extremely fharp, and the claws ftrong. Te frequently creeps alone on its belly, with a kind of ferpentine motion, i P S y and fuddenly fprings on its prey. It is an enemy to the cat, which it is generally faid to conquer and deftroy. CUCULUS ( 165 ) CPU Es eR "R^G UPS, CIARACTER GENERICUS, Rostrum teretiufculum. Nanzs margine prominule. Liwcva fagittata, plana, integra. Pzpzs {canforii. Lin. Syf. Nat. p. 168. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. Cuculus ? nigro-czrulefcens, remigibus phoeniceis, roftro. rubro fuper fron- & P tem flavo, occipite purpureo. UOD evitandam, quantum fieri poffit, cenfeam novorum generum infti- O tutionem, ex qua fxpe oriuntur error et confufio, magnificam hanc avem nomine tabula infcripto defienavi. Fatendum fane eft non modo hanc fed et Cuculum Perfam Linnzi, cui affinis videtur, a reliquo. genere fejungi, et in diftin&o et fibi proprio debere numerari, quippe tum roftris tum corporis habitu ab aliis differant. Inter ( 555 Inter aves rariffimas habenda eft fpecies de qua jam agitur. . Tota capite remigibufque exceptis, fplendide nigrat cyaneo perfufa. Roftrum fulvum, feu rubefcens ; qua parte fuper frontem affurgit, leviter melinum. Utrinque a bafi mandibularum ftria alba retro paululum excurrit. Vertex capitis occiput- que atro-purpurea. Remiges eximie pheenicei, Crura fufca. Africam interi- orem incolit Cuculus regius. - d tri = SSS 2 — —— E ERIS CUCULUS RECGIUS [US, THE ROYAL CUCKOW. T EE bR&QY AgkotG, U; Gok, QW. —— — —À GENERIC CHARACTER Brit fomewhat bending. Nosrrits bounded by a fmall rim. TowcvE fhort, pointed. Feer {fcanforial. SPECIFIC CHARA CTE R. Black Cuckow? with a glofs of blue; crimfon remiges; red beak yellow on the front; back of the head purple. E. is merely from a wifh to avoid the confufion arifing from the inftitution of new genera without abfolute neceffity, that the magnificent bird here reprefented is called by the title expreffed on the plate. In fact, not only this bird, but the Cuculus Perfa of Linnzus, (with which it feerns to have a confiderable affinity,) ought to be feparated from the genus Cuculus, and ar- ranged in a diflin& one; their beaks and whole habit differing from. the reft of the cuckow tribe, The ( 168 ) The fpecies here figured is extremely rare. The whole bird, except the head and remiges, is of a deep black, with a rich caft of glofly blue. The beak is of a pale fuivous red; the upper part, which rifes over the fore- head, is of a pale ftraw-colour. From the hinder part of the mandibles on each fide proceeds a ftreak of white, running backwards to a fmall diftance. The upper and back part of the head are of a deep crimfon or purple. The remiges, or long wing-feathers, are of the richeft and fulleft crimfon or car- mine-colour, The legs brown. It is an inhabitant of the interior parts of Africa. SIMIA ( 169 ) SGIMTI A "PTTHECTDTA. CHA BACT E.R GONE Rit CUS, Dentes Primores utrinque quatuor, approximati. Lawranm folitarii, longiores, hinc remoti. Moranzs obtufi, Lin. Sift. Nat. 9. 34. — — CTIA RACERS FE CIF TOUS, & Simia caudata imberbis, vellere nigro apice albo, cauda nigra villofiffima, j Lin. Sift. Nat. p. 40. Cercopithecus pilis nigris apice albo veftitus, cauda pilis longiffimis. : Brif. Quadr. 195. Simia Pithecia, Schreber Saeugtb 1. p. 125. f. 32. B aliis fui generis facile dignofcitur Simia Pithecia, cauda pilis longiffi- mis denfiffnime hirfuta. Guianam incolit in America -Auftrali. — Coloris eft, ut plurimum, fufco-nigricantis, interdum fubferrugineum aliquid retinentis, In nonnullis etiam pilorum extremitates albefcunt. Facies crine feu lanugine albicante immutabiliter te&a eft, barbaque cingitur paulo promiffiore quam eft pilus quo vultus obducitur. Albida funt inferiora corporis. Magnitudo hujus fimiz eft quafi felis domeftice majoris. No; IV! A a SD Ens, SET THE .PF.OGETAILLED, M M;QUSUIPRO G ESUERRIC.OCIEH ARACUS.R Front TzrzTH in each jaw 4, placed near together. Canine Teers folitary, longer than the others, diftant from the remaining teeth or grinders. Grinpzrs obtufe. SPEPECI-E-I-C--C-H-A-R-A.C-T-E.R, &c. Blackifh-brown Monkey, with the tips of the hairs whitifh ; the tail ex- tremely full of hair. Le Saki. Buff. 15. p. 88. pl. 12. Fox-tailed Monkey. Pennant. Hifl. Quadr. p. 207. («HIS fpecies of Monkey is diftinguifhed from all the reft of its genus by the unufual appearance of its tail, which is thickly coated with hair of extraordinary length. It is a native of Guiana in South America. The general colour of this fpecies is a deep brown, which is fometimes ac- companied with a ferruginous tinge; and in fome the tips of all the hairs are whitifh. The face is always coated with white downy hair, and is furrounded by a fort of beard, of fomewhat longer hairs than thofe on the face. The under parts of the body incline to whitifh. The claws on all the feet are fharp. It is about the fize of a large cat. VIVERRA NN \ i \ MN WI GAN Y 1) MON HE FOX-TAILD T UTHRCUN ud d ' ) Á ho Lo E) AM V RD ni TO Vua yo ii inta NAE / Nm We aK if i=) ) D % n 2*1 / m ] ; Ax i BATES NAT AJ Kom goby SEN » VT PO, NEST C e D ^ ] mf ' Mr n^i f hy ML T LN " ] DIM 1 , LAM a T SOR Lene vtr utt WA Pe m D NET PP | mal paula " à - u n " J d [ r 5 " ; i d )' > 1 " * fe : ; ) 4 Cmn VV RR A" M^BP HIT I CX GHAR ACT E'RCGEN-EXICUES. DzwNrrs Primores fex: intermediis brevioribus. Mo tarts plures quam tres, Lincua retrorfum fepe aculeata. Uncues exferti. Lin. Sy/ft. Nat. 2- 63. —— — — CHARACTER. SPECIEIGCU.S;,éo Viverra nigro-caftanea, dorfo albo, cauda villofiffima. Viverra Mephitis, Gmel. Syf. Nat. p. 88. N America Septentrionali generatur que in tabula depingitur Viverre fpe- cies. Amat precipue fylvas; aliquando tamen, more putorii Europzi, in domos irrepit et ftragem infert gallinis. Huic quoque eadem fere magnitudo eft ac putorio, cum modica quadam pulchritudine. Color imus eximie fer- rugineo-nigricat, dorfo fafcia feu fafciis albis longitudinalibus notato. Cauda longa et villofiffima fere tota albet. More reliqui generis aves quadrupedef- que minores predatur, ovaque avidiffime devorat, Acuti funt dentes unguefque validi. Aa2 Mirus ( 372 ) Mirus eft fe defendendi modus, qui dubitari prorfus poffet, ni teftarentur de eo homines fide dignifimi. Si enim fubito irritetur, aut in periculo fit a venatoribus, effluvia illico emittit dire odeo olentia, ut aera longe lateque in- fando foetore inquinet et corrumpat. At vero nifi paulo augeatur veritas ab iis qui teterrimi odoris non fine horrore reminifcuntur, cedit huic longe quicquid praterea in rerum natura foe- dum fit et putidum. Peftilentifimo hoc halitu repulfi canes predam longius perfequi recufant, hominefque in fugam vertuntur. Quod fi vel minima par- ticula humoris odiofi infaufte in venatorem inciderit, offendiculo ftatim fit om- nibus, nec in hominum focietatem recipi pofüt donec veftes exuerit, iterum iterumque eluendas, totumque corpus creberrima purgatione luftraverit. Dicitur Viverra mephitica cicur interdum et manfueta in domibus Ameri- canis nutriri ; quod fi fiat, przcipue cavendum videtur, (ut recte obfervavit folertiffümsus quidam phyficus,) ne injuria aliqua provocetur ad ultionem. No- tandum praterea vaporem peftilentem emittere non huic foli fpeciei proprium et peculiare effe, fed ineffe minorem hujufmodi vim et alis paucis Americam incolentibus. THE í i 1 germane * Pa s pA it D " cS P tm — 1 E l j Mun MH ‘i Ó 1 (P 2 VIP AVR f (i UAR i = SSS SSS ~~ ear = 2j pee ERR ESAUE A P A TN ERES LA = RS SS SS ox I = r4 MIE MB PHITICA RA VIVER a3 sx N ES E M. NSN Ant directs Cot] & t] «x [( 85579 P THE MEPHITIC WEASEL, or CHINCHE. GENERIC CHAR AC T ER. Six cutting teeth, two canine teeth, in each jaw. Sharp nofe: flender body. Five toes before: five behind. Pennant. SPECIFIC CHARACTER, &c Blackifh-brown Weafel with white back, and extremely villous tail. Le Chinche, Buff. 13. 9. 294- pl 39. Skunk. Pennant. Hif. €uadr. p. 343- — HE animal here reprefented is a native of North America, where it re- .fides principally in woods, but fometimes, like the common polecat, {trays into houfes, and commits depredations amongft poultry. It alfo refembles the polecat in fize, but its appearance is far more elegant; and indeed it pof- feffes no inconfiderable fhare of beauty; its general colour being a very fine blackifh-brown, varied on the back with one or more longitudinal bands of © white. The tail, which is very long and bufhy, is alío nearly white. Like others of this genus, it preys on birds and the fmaller quadrupeds. It is alío fond of eggs, which it greedily devours. It is armed with fharp teeth, and its claws are of confiderable ftrength. The ( 174 ) The principal mode of defence which Nature has beftowed on this animal, is of a nature fo extraordinary, that were it not afferted by perfons of the moft ungueftionable credit, it would feem entirely apocryphal. When fuddenly irritated, or when purfued, and in danger of being taken, it poffeffes the faculty of fuddenly emitting effluvia fo powerfully offenfive as to taint the air to an almoft incredible diftance. If the defcriptions given of this odious vapour are not aggravated by the abhorrent recollection of thofe who have experienced its effeéts, every other ill fell which nature can produce, is furpaffed by the overpowering fztor of this extraordinary quadruped. In confequence of this horrible emanation the dogs relinguifh their purfuit, and men are obliged to fly with precipitation from the tainted fpot: but if unfortunately the leaft drop of the liquid which it com- monly difcharges at this particular jun&ure, fhould happen to light on the clothes of the hunter, he becomes a general nuifance wherever he appears, and is obliged to diveft himfelf of his drefs, and practice all the arts of ab- lution, in order ta be reftored to the fociety of mankind. To add to the hiftory of thefe flrange circumftances, it is affirmed that the animal is fometimes tamed by the Americans, and rendered domeftic; but, furely, (as an eminent zoologift has well obferved,) if this be ever really prac- tifed, the creature ought to be treated with the higheft attention, left it fhould at any time be provoked to exert its extraordinary faculty. It fhould be added that this peftilential vapour is not abfolutely peculiar to the prefent fpecies, but is exerted in a fomewhat inferior degree by two or three others of its genus, which are alfo natives of the American continent. TROGON € xs 3 T oR: OQ GuOe Neos Bie koRok ALN Wad, CIHIARZACIHER:.GENERILCU,S. Rostrum capite brevius, cultratum, aduncum, margine mandibularum fer- ratum. Pzpzs fcanforii, Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 167. CHAR AO Roos EE Cirle us, Trogon violaceus viridi-aureo nitens, alis nigris, abdomine albo, remigibus tribus exterioribus nigris apice albis. ON plene et in omnibus congruit formofiffima hzc avis cum ulla Tro- gonis fpecie adhuc defcripta. Trogoni tamen violaceo Lathami quam reliquis fimilior eft, nec impoffibile puto quin illus fit varietas; ni fortaffe fexu tantum differat. Roftrum plumbeo-nigricat, verfus apicem albefcens. Caput, collum, pecus, egregie et faturatim violaceo-cyanea. Ala nigre. Remigum latus exterius margine albo notatur, unde fit, ut alis claufis, linee multe concolores ducantur. Dorfum cyaneo-viride fubaureum fplendet. "Te&rices cauda fuperiores quafi ferice, perviridi-ceruleo lucidiffima. Cauda ipfa nigrans, ut tamen paululum vircícat, (we 3 virefcat, e re&ricibus conftat apicem fere quadratis, feu quafi fubtruncatis, in- termediis duabus ad extremum aterrimis. Rectrices tres utrinque exteriores gradatim breviores nigrant, lateribus apicibufque oblique albo terminatis, ut de- monttrat tabula. Abdomen album fubgilvo leviffime perfufum. Crura pedefque nigrant. America Auftralis eft incola Trogon Leverianus; et cum rcliquis plerifque congeneribus in Cayena precipue cernitur. Magnitudine Trogonem violaceum sequat, Tae Ik MN i Y "RONDA vds! DV MUR" TR OG ON LAV BRIAN) S TUHOISB — Xa OY JE RILAS TROGON Pu) THE LEVERIAN TROGON. GENER TC CHARACTER. Bit fhort, thick, convex, generally dentated on the edges. Nostrits covered with ftiff briftles. Fzzr fcanforial. Sec tc CHARACTER. Violaceous Trogon with a glofs of green-gold; wings black; abdomen white; the three exterior tail-feathers black with white tips. HIS moft elegant bird does not perfectly agree with any fpecies of — Trogon hitherto defcribed. It however approaches more nearly to the Trogon violaceus, or Violet-headed Curucui of Mr. Latham, than to any other fpecies; and it is not impoffible that it may be either a variety, or a íexual difference of that bird. The beak is of a dark lead-colour, growing much lighter or whitifh towards the tip: the head, neck, and breaft, are of a very fine and deep violet-blue: the wings black; the long-feathers or remiges edged on the exterior fide with white, forming feveral longitudinal ftreaks of that colour when the wings are clofed. The back is of a deep blueifh green, with a flight golden tinge. No, IV. B b The ( m The upper tail-coverts filky, and of a very deep lucid blue-green, The tail itfelf black, with a caft of green; the feathers of a fquarifh, or fubtruncated form, and the middle ones flightly tipped with very deep black. The three exterior feathers on each fide gradually fhorten, and are black, obliquely edged and tipped with white, as reprefented in the figure. The abdomen is white, with an extremely flight. tinge of reddifh or buff. The legs and feet are black. It is a South American bird, and, like moft others of its genus, is found in Cayenne. Its fize is equal to that of the Trogon violaceus, CERVUS C m» ) CERVUS CAPREOLUS. CHARACTER GENERICU :S. Cornva folida, tenera, corio hirto tecta apiceque crefcentia, denudata, an- nua. DzwrTzs Primores inferiores octo. Lawrammn nulli (interdum folitarii fuperius.) Lin. Syf. Nat. p. 93, CIHARAXCULERSSPECIFIGU S, .&c. Cervus cornibus ramofis teretibus erectis: fummitate bifida. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 94. Cervus cornibus teretibus erectis. Brifs. regn. an. p. 89. n. 5. Capreolus, Gef. Quadr. p. 324. 1098, ERVUS Capreolus, Europeorum minimus, diftinguitur cornubus ut plu- rimum trifurcis, raro paucas uncias longitudine fuperantibus. Forma pulchra et eleganti, eo noftratibus gratior eft, quod non advena fit et exoti- cus, fed indigena et quafi autocthen; in hunc ufque diem in nonnullis Scotiz montibus ferus et juxta naturam degens. Bb» Color ( ‘ro jJ Color ei fufco-cinereus, ferrugineo leviter perfufus, Corporis inferiora longe pallidiora fere albicant. Facies prope oculos et fuper roftrum nigricat. An- teit pernicitate Capreolus reliquos plerofque congeneres. Ingenio timidiffmo, egerrime cicur evadit: nec gregatim incedit, ut folet magna pars cervini generis, fed parvulis tantum eft felectis manipulis, feepif- fime e mare, femina, et hinnuleis conftantibus. man ho ROEBUCK, m. "I TRUE. AXE LY me AS N WS v C IIR U OM em uy et ^ bu LParkinson, Leverian Museum 1798 D yx dab às ed! as ( 18r ) JI Bo Re BB UC’ EK: GENERELC»CHARA'CT ER; Horns upright, folid, branched, annually deciduous. Eight cutting teeth in the lower jaw; none in the upper. Pennant. SPECIFIC CHARACTER, &c. Deer with fmalhfh upright rough trifurcated horns. Roe. Pennant. Quadr. p. 108. Le Chevreuil. Buff. 6. p. 289. pl. 22. 23. HE Roebuck is the fmalleft of the European Deer, and is diftinguifhed by its fhort and generally trifurcated horns, which feldom exceed the length of a few inches. It is not only pleafing in its general appearance, but becomes more peculiarly interefting from its being a native of our own ifland; and is ftill found in its natural or wild ftate in fome parts of Scot- land. Its €. 82. ) Its colour is a cinereous brown, with a flightly ferruginous caft; the lower parts of the body being much paler or whitifh, The face on the parts near the eyes, and the muzzle are blackifh. This fpecies is remarkable for its ex- treme fwiftnefs, in which refpect it furpaffes moft of its congeners. It is of an extremely wild and timid difpofition. Roebucks feldom affo- ciate in large groups or herds like many others of the deer kind, but in very fmall detached parties; commonly confifting of only the male, female, and young. PSIT- ( 183 ) PSITTACUS RODOCHBEPITPELU:S CHARACTER GENERICU S. Rostrum aduncum: mandibula fuperiore mobili; cera inftructa. Nares in roftri bafi. LiwGva carnofa, obtufa, integra. Pepes fcanforit. Lin, Syft. Nat. p. 139. CHANEEIBNM SERCIFICUS, +&e Pfittacus macrourus viridis, capite rubro czruleo obducto, gula nigra, tor- que nigro et pallide viridi. Pfittacus Ginginianus. f. Lath. Ind. Orn. p. 100. Pfittacus Erythrocephalus. g. Bengalenfis. Gmel. Syft. Nat. 1. p. 325. NTER hunc et varietates aliquot minores Pfittaci Mexandri feu torquatt tanta eft fimilitudo, ut iis potius annumerandus videatur quam ut fpecies diverfa defcribi. Speciem tamen revera diftin&am habuerunt tum Buffonus tum Lathamus. Mandibula fuperior aurantia eft, inferior nigricans. Frons geneque egregie rofea; color autem rofeus in reliquo capite gradatim fatifcit, donec a cxruleo molli ( 184 ) molli et eleganti vincatur, laute illi florideque farine fimillime, que in pruno Aureliano precipue cernitur. A bafi mandibule inferioris circa collum ducitur torquis anguítus aterrimus, quem ftatim infra excipit alter viroris thalaffini ; qui etiam color fuper hume- ros et uropygium leviter perfunditur. Dorfum aleque pulchre viridia. Collum pe&us et abdomen flavo-virefcunt. Super humerum utrumque macula parva oblonga confpicitur nitide ferruginea. —Caudz longa re&rices duz intermedia ceteris multum produétiores cyanez funt, apicibus albis. Duz his proxima cyanez etiam funt, fed apicibus fubflavefcentibus. ^ Reliquarum latus exterius cxruleo-viride, interius flavo-pallens. Crura pedefque grifeo-carnea. In India nafcitur Pfittacus rodocephalus. d ER. 6. I en del. JI WM s PSIT'TACUS RODOCEPHALUS. THE ROSK-HEADED PARRAKERT, (58 y THE ROSE-HEADED PARRAKEE T. ee ————À——— — —— GA NER/LC,C CIAR AC T ER. Birr hooked. Upper mandible moveable. Nosrrits round, placed in the bafe of the bill Toneve flefhy, broad, blunt at the end. Lzcs fhort. Toes formed for climbing, viz. two forward and two back. ward. SPECPEFCCCHIARTACTER; &e: Long-tailed green Parrakeet, with deep rofe-coloured head overcaft with blue, with a narrow collar of black beneath the head. Bloffom-headed Parrakeet, Var. A. Rofe-headed Ring Parrakeet. Lath. $ymeps. 1. p. 239. HIS beautiful bird in its general appearance bears fo near a refemblance to fome of the fmaller varieties of the Pfittacus Alexandri, or Ring Parrakeet, that it might almoft be confidered as rather belonging to one of thefe than as fpecifically diftin&. It is however regarded as a diftinét fpecies both by the Count de Buffon? and Mr. Latham. The upper mandible is orange-coloured; the lower blackifh: the front and cheeks are of a fine rofy red; which colour on the remainder of the head No. IV. Ce gradually ( 186 ) gradually declines, and is overcaft by a ftrong tinge of full, yet foftened blue; which perhaps can be explained by nothing fo well as by the appearance of that beautiful bloom which fhews to fo much advantage on the furface of the Orleans Plumb. From the bafe of the lower mandible, round the neck proceeds a narrow collar of the deepeft black; immediately beneath which is a correfponding circle of fea-green. A tinge of fea-green is alfo obfervable on the fhoulders and the rump. The wings and back are of a beautiful green. The neck, breaft, and belly, of a fair yellow-green. On each fhoulder is a fmall oblong patch of bright ferruginous. The tail is long, and the two middle feathers much exceed the reft in length, and are of a fine deep blue, with white tips: the two next pair are of the fame colour, with pale-yellow tips. The remain- ing tail-feathers are on their exterior webs of a blueifh green, and on their interior ones pale-yellow. The legs and feet are of a greyifh flefh-colour. ‘This fpecies is a native of India. SCAN- ( 187 /) CAN CROM FOO rn LYE ARPA: ———— —— re — —— —— ——À CELA R A, C uEiE;R 0G E,N.E A LO los. Rostrum gibbofum; mandibula fuperiore cymbz refupinatz forma. Lin, Syft. Nat. 5. 233. —— — ee — M —— —À MÀ ——À — —— CHARACTER SPE GBETC U S, & Cancroma cinerafcens, ventre rufo, vertice lunulaque cervicis nigra. , Lath, Ind, Orn. p. 671. Cancroma Cochlearia. Lin. Cancroma Cancrophaga ? Lin. Cochlearius, Bris, 5. f. 506. 1. INGULARIS huic avi roítri formatio, quod forfan latius pro longitu- dine quam alii alicui. adhuc cognite; mandibula fuperiore carinata, feu in prominentiam longitudinalem duca, cymba inverfe non longe abfimilem. Co- lor primarius plumbeo-czruleus, pectore pallidore, abdomine fufco-ferrugineo, magis minufve in diverfis fpeciminibus faturato. Roftrum fufcum. Frons al- bet. Caput crifta nigra, longa, dependula decoratur, Ale caudaque brevia, Crura valida fufco-flavefcunt. (Ge: Varietas ( 3188 ) Warietas interdum confpicitur, quam quafi fpeciem diftin&am defcripferunt nonnulli phyfici, licet fortaffe dif'erat tantum coloribus, aut fexu, aut etate magis minufve provecta. Hzc corpus fuperius fufco-ferruginea eft, inferius albida: ad cetera priori fimilis. Americam Auftralem incolit Cancroma Cochlearia, locaque aquofa frequentat, victitans more ardearum, ranis, pifcibus, reliquifque id genus animalibus, THE x > D Durs risenaen m toc cct IA AM a A M EU wig Ue Pps e ui URS TESTS ENT = | | ( 3189 ^) T RSEU GB Abe Bo? EST EN ER: -CH ACRGA Gidiok R. Bitt broad, fiat, with a keel along the middle, like a boat reverfed. NosraiLs fmall lodged in a furrow. Tozs divided. STPECIPIC CHAEACTER, &e Cinereous Boat-Bill with the abdomen rufous, (fometimes white,) top of the head and crefcent on the neck black. Boat-Bill. Lath, Synops. 5$. p. 26. f. 76. Boat-Bill. Brown ilufl. p. 92. t. 36. Le Savacou. Bais, PD. 443: f 23. HE formation of the beak in this bird is ftrikingly fingular, and is per- haps broader in proportion to its length than in any other known bird: the upper mandible is carinated, or furnifhed with a rifing longitudinal pro- minence, which gives it an appearance not ill refembling an inverted boat. The general colour of this fpecies is a dull blueifh, or lead-colour; paler on the breaft; the abdomen being of a ferruginous brown, more or lefs deep in different fpecimens. The bill is dufky: the forehead white: the head furnifhed with ( 190 ) with a large black pendent creft, of confiderable length. ‘The wings and tail are fhort. The legs ftrong, and of a yellowifh brown, Of this curious bird there is a variety, which, though confidered as a diftin& fpecies by fome ornithologifts, is probably owing to nothing more than the natural difference of colour, arifing either from the more or lefs advanced age of the bird, or from the difference between the male and female. This va- riety is of a ferruginous colour above, and whitifh beneath: in other refpects it refembles the former, The Boat-bill is a South American bird, and frequents watery places, feed- ing nearly in the manner of Herons, on fifh, frogs, &c. LACERTA € Ww Trac we) A Girma M & EO Ns G.HeA RA GE ER. GENER EC U's. Corpus tetrapodum, caudatum nudum. Lin, $yf. Nat. p. 359- CR AE Ds ia 4S BPE CI iG, S, &c; Lacerta cauda tereti brevi incurva, digitis duobus tribufque coadunatis. Lin. Syft. Nut. p. 36.48 Chameleon, 4Aldr, Quadr. 670. Chameleo. Raii Quadr. Chameleon. Gros. Mus. 2. p. 76. HAMZLEONTI miram ineffe facultatem colorem pene pro arbitrio mutandi agnoverunt jamdiu omnes phyfici; nec fama eft aliquid cele- bratius. Hoc tamen non foli chamzleonti contingit, fed et aliis multis la- certis, quamvis longe circumfcriptior illis et addu&ior fit hzc poteftas. Color chameleontis generalis eft fub-caeruleo-cinereus, qui interdum in vi- ridem, interdum fubflavum, maculis rufis inzqualiter diftinétum tranfit. Hzc IN colorum é 1:192.) colorum mutatio clariffime cernitur, cum animal ab uno latere foli expomi- tur: latus enim umbratum plerumque flayet, maculis magnis rotundatis, rufis, variatum. Sed inverfo fitu, latus quod antea erat in umbra et flavebat, ma- culis ferrugineis, nunc in fufcum mutatur, dum latus oppofitum flavum rufo- maculatum confpicitur. Szepiflime tamen variant he colorum mutationes et macularum fitus. Dicitur chamzleontem colorem fuum fubftantiz cui imponitur affimilare ; quod tametfi verum omnino non fit, vero tamen eft proximum; cum afferunt Gallici phyfici chamzleontem linteo albo involutum, poft parvum tempus educ- tum, fere album apparuiffe. ^ Fefelit tamen illos experimentum fecundo iteratum, ^ Pulmones huíc animali funt maximi, et frequens eft illi corpus pro arbitrio inflandi mos, adeo ut plenum et pingue diu videatur; aliis temporibus, fe contrahendi, ut ipfa macie confe&um crederes. Ad hee ufque tempora vulgo creditur Chamzleontem nullo alio cibo in- digere prater quem ab zethere abforbeat, acere nempe veíci. Infectis vero vitam fuftentat, quibus dolo callido infidiatur, quaeque linguz fuz, (ut pice eft viridi) longiffime et ad libitum retractz apice dilatato et tubulato arripit, et incredibili velocitate in ftomachum ingurgitat. Inediz mirum adeo in mo- dum eft patiens, ut per aliquot menfes fine ullo vi&u duraverit ; opinionem uz vulgus tenet aliqua ex parte comprobans. gq 5 H P Oculi chamzleontis funt magni et globofi; pars autem denudata feu con- fpicua, eft perexigua, et iride conftat aurea, pupilla nigricante: oculifque e contrario directis poteft fpe&are; uno nempe ad calum, altero in terram verfo, vel uno antrorfum, altero retrorfum. ^ Caput interdum criftatum, interdum fere planum. Pedum forma eft fingularis: antici enim pedes digitos duos habent antrorfum C 193 2 antrorfum verfos, trefque retrorfum, poftici tres antrorfum, duos retrorfum. Omnes digiti unguibus validis muniti funt; quod magis notatu dignum eft, quoniam Gronovius, (qui plerumque accurate defcribit) hic peffime lapfus eft, cum in charactere chamzleontis generico dixit, ** pedes unguibus deftituti.” Ut chameleonti firmior et fecurior fit fedes, cauda longa ramulum arctius ample&itur. Diverfa eft illi magnitudo: pene pedalis eft interdum in longi- tudinem ; plerumque multo minor. Africam et Afiam incolit, nec non Europe partes calidiores, Hifpaniam nempe et Lufitaniam, Inceflus eft tardiffimus, et non fine cautela ingredi videtur. ** No, IV. Dd | THE ( 194 ) THE. Gat AMS LE O:N. GENERIC CHARACTER. Bopy four-footed, tailed, naked. ee ee ee SPECIFIC CLHARAC GER, &c Lizard with cylindric incurved tail, and toes conjoined by two and threes The Chameleon. HÀ ee HE Chameleon has ever been celebrated for the wonderful power which it poffefles of changing its colour in certain particular circumftances and fituations. This faculty, however, is not peculiar to the Chameleon alone, but is obfervable in a lefs degree in feveral other fpecies of lizards. The general colour of the Chameleon is a blueifh afh-colour, which fome-. time changes to a green, and fometimes to a yellowifh colour, fpotted un- equally with red. This is particularly obfervable when one fide of the animal is expofed to a full funfhine ; when the unilluminated fide generally appears yellow, with large roundifh patches or fpots of red-brown. On reverfing the fituation of the animal, the fame change again takes place ; the fide which was before in the fhade, and yellow, fpotted with red, now becoming brown; while the other fide becomes yellow and red. But thefe changes are fubject to much variety, both as to colour and difpofition of fpots. It / Ez - EN 1 > 19 SP yevr 7 (g $720.07) 22 p* LUMI] T OPAC UU Jn Tos P, ] i Tb A e M DEMON vu mir TP A ug A nim ur eoe n Pony E m n d A ee 7S Tid y E 2250 (M jJ It has been faid that the Chameleon has a power of affimilating its colour to that of the fubftance on which it is placed. This is not entirely true : yet it feems to make fome approach to fuch a faculty; fince the members of the French Academy declare, that on wrapping a chameleon up in a linen cloth for fome minutes, it appeared nearly white when taken out; but this experiment did not fucceed when repeated afterwards. The lungs of the chameleon are extremely large, and it has a way of in- flating its body, and appearing very plump and full for a long time together ; and at other times of contracting itfelf, fo as to appear in the higheft degree of extenuation. There prevails a popular error relative to this animal, which feems to have been almoft univerfally received; viz. that it requires no other nourifhment than what it abforbs from the atmofphere, or in the ufual phrafe, that it feeds on air. On the contrary, it is extremely adroit at catching infects, which it feizes by means of its tongue, which is of a very great length, and is retrac- tile, like that of a woodpecker, and has a fort of widened tubular opening at the end. This it darts upon infeéts within its reach, and fwallows them with a motion fo quick that the eye can ícarce follow it: and by this means it fupports its exiftence. It is however true, that it can remain for a furprifing length of time without any food, fo that the common idea is not without fome foundation; for a chameleon has been kept for the fpace of feveral weeks without the leaft fuftenance whatfoever. The eyes of the chameleon are large and globular, but the part which is expofed to view is very fmall, and confifts of a gold-coloured iris, with a dark pupil It has the power of turning its eyes in oppofite directions, fo as to look with one eye backwards and the other forwards, or with one eye upwards and the other downwards at the fame time. The head is fometimes very much crefted, and fometimes almoft plain. The ftructure of the fcet is Dd2a fingular ; ( 196 } fingular; viz. the fore-feet have two toes forwards and three backwards, while the hind-feet have three toes forwards and two backwards. All the toes are furnifhed with pretty ftrong claws; a circumftance which deferves the greater attention, as Gronovius, an accurate fyftematic naturalít, has, by a moít unaccountable error, made it a principal chara&er of the chameleon to be without claws on the feet. The tail is longifh, and the animal makes ufe of it to faften itfelf more fecurely, by coiling it round the branch on which it fits, The fize of the chameleon is very various. It fometimes meafures near a foot, exclufive of the tail, but is generally much lefs. This curious creature is a native of Africa and Afia, and is alfo found in fome of the warmer parts of Europe, as Spain and Portugal Its pace is very flow, and it feems to move with much caution and circumfpection, ; CORACIAS (v 19d, i COR ACIAS' SU TA T A Oi Ak AC Gee RG EN EB RCS. Rostrum cultratum, apice incurvato, bafi pennis denudatum. Lincua cartilaginea, bifida. Pepes ambulatorii. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 159. CHARACTER SPECIFIC U S. Coracias nigra, jugulo pectoreque coccineis. ORACIAM fcutatam nemo adhuc defcripfit. Licet corvo vix cedat magnitudine, fumma tamen ei videtur effe fimilitudo cum Mzfcicapa rubricolli Lathami. Tota nigrat, dorfo alifque fubceruleum quiddam nitentibus. Roftrum validum, bafin modice latum, apicem leviter emarginatum. Mandibule inferioris extremum pallefcit. Superioris utrinque ab imo fetz feu vibriffe feptem protruduntur infra complanate, quaque curvate furfum ten- dunt. Exiguo intervallo a roftro, colli anterioris color ad imum pe&us niti- diffime ( 198 ) diffime eft coccineus, qui inde in obfcure ferrugineum tranfeuns decurrit faícia interrupta ad ipfum abdomen, Cauda leviter rotundata conftat e duodecim re&ricibus, quarum dus exte- riores unciz dimidio breviores quam cetera. Crura brevia, modica, nigrant, Ungues validi, poftico reliquis. majore. Quanam patria Coraciam fcutatam protulerit pro certo non aufim affirmare. PH E, Pri ( 1799 ) FIIECRED-DAEASIED ROLLE R GENERIC CHARACTER, Biri ftrait, bending a little towards the end, edges cultrated. Nostrits narrow and naked. . Tors three forward; divided to their origin; one backward. Pennant. SBE CP TD Cai oh BR Ae TER, Black Roller, with crimfon throat and breaft. HIS bird, hitherto undefcribed, in its general appearance and colour, bears a ftriking refemblance to the Maufcicapa rubricollis, or purple- throated Flycatcher; but is confiderably fuperior in fize. It is not much lefs than a common crow. Its colour is an uniform black, with a flight blueifh glofs on the back and wings. The beak is ftrong, broadifh at the bafe, and flightly notched or emarginated at the tip. The lower mandible is of a palifh colour towards the point. On each fide the bafe of the upper mandible are feven vibriffe or hairs, which are of a flattened form at their lower part, and ríe upwards in a curved dire&ion. "The fore-part of the neck, from about half an inch below the beak, to the bottom of the breaft, is of a very rich bright ( 200 ) bright fcarlet, which colour, at the lower part of the breaft, finks into deep ferruginous, and is continued in a broken or interrupted band, down the be- ginning of the abdomen. The tail confifts of twelve feathers, and is flightly rounded at the extremity, the two exterior fide-feathers being fhorter than the others by about half an inch. The legs are rather fhort, mioderately ftout, and black. The claws ftrong: that of the back toe larger than the reít, 'The native country of this curious bird is not certainly known. MIISRUDMUEEVERIANUM. No. V. Ad Me: AuSzY E VE QUO'ETA CHARACTER GENERITGU:. Dzwrzs PRimores utrinque quatuor, approximati. Lawianr folitarii, longiores, hinc remoti. . Moranzs obtufi. Lin. Sy. Nat. p. 34. Gia A Gar ER SPECLFICU.,. &c. Simia femicaudata grifeo-ferruginea, facie manibus pedibufque nigris, natibus calvis. ENERIS totius una e rarifimis Simia Sylvicola alta eft circiter tres pedes, corpore valido et torofo. Cum notentur finguli pili annulis al- ternis nigricantibus ferrugincifque, idem fere huic afpectus ac Simiz Mormoni, jampridem in hoc opere depicta. ^ Facies pedeíjue omnes nigrant ^ Pedum anticorum feu manuum ungues longuli fed rotundati: pofticorum longiores ‘tantum non acuminati, Nates ample, nude, rubreque. — Africam incolit hec fpecies, in Guinea precipue reperta. No. V. Ee THE (^ 902. )) T HE WO 0 Dire] ON: GENERIC. Cee ew. bak. Front Tretu in each jaw 4, placed near together. Canine Teeru folitary, longer than the others, diftant from the remaining teeth or grinders. GarINDERS obtufe. ———Ó— — — — ———À —— —À SPECIFIC CHA Ree BIB " Short-tailed ferruginous-brown Baboon, bare behind, with black face, hands, and feet. Wood Baboon. Pennant. Hif €uadr. 1. p. 176. —À —— — M M M — —— M M — —— — — —— ——— — HIS animal which is one of the rareft of the genus, is of a very confiderable fize, and of a robuít frame. Its height is about three feet. Its general colour a fort of ferruginous greyifh-brown, owing to the alternate rines of blackifh and ferruginous with which each individual hair is marked, and which gives a fort of fpeckled appearance, fimilar to that of the Simia Mormon, or Variegated Baboon, already figured in the prefent Work. The AMA ep) = JS X3 mm TRE BABOON. ) WOO! lr E "T “= ys rid A iaa ~~ y ( 203 ) The face, hands, and feet are black. The nails on the hands longifh, but rounded at their extremities : thofe on the feet longer, and much more in- clining to acuminate. The fpace on each fide the tail is large, bare, and red. The tail very fhort. It is an African {pecies, and is principally found in Guinea. Res - PH A- PIHASTYAN'US' PICTUS CHAR-A.CT ER! GENER DED S. Gen cute nuda levigata, Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 271. — CHSRACTER SPEC OE I CES, ec: Phafianus crifta flava, pecore coccineo, remigibus fecundariis caruleis, cauda cuneata, Lin. 528. Nats 7p. 22. Phafianus aureus finenfis. Brif. av. Ts pe 271. frt. Ae Phafianus variis coloribus fplendidus. . Edw. av. 62. t. 68 & 69. f. 2. NTER exempla avium varia nitidiffimaque, plumarum luxuria exube- rantium, infigniter exftat Phafianus Picus, cujus valentis et adulti colores hebetant, adverfo fole, fpectatorum oculos, fuperati non nifi politiffimis Tro- chilorum et Certhiarum fplendoribus: cedit enim vel ipfius Pavonis ftellatus gemmaníque decor. " Minor eft Phafianus pi&us communi feu Colchico, et afpe&u delicatior. Caput infignitur crifta magna, dependula, ferica, lucidiffime aureo-flava. Col- lum fuperius tegitur quafi cucullo e pennis truncatis eximie aureo-aurantiis confecto, C 205 °) confecto, fafciifque plurimis nigris tranfverfim notato. Reliqua pars colli pennis rotundatis, more fquamarum difpofitis, aureo-viridibus veftitur. Gula gilva eft feu ex albo fub-rubefcens, flavedine intermifta. Pectus cum toto corpore infe- rore fplendet ardentiffime aureo-coccineum, eodem fere modo quo Amaryllidis formofifime linnzi flores. Ejufdem fere funt coloris alarum tectrices minores, nifi quod paulo minus luceant: majores nitide | fufco-ferruginew, nigro con- Íperfz. Penna fcapulares lucidiffime cyanee. Remiges fufci, margine gilvo. Remigum autem fecundariorum ali magis infufcantur, nigro guttati, alii fplen- dide cerulei. Dorfi pars pofterior cum uropygio aureo-flavet, carens tamen fplendore crifte. ^ Cauda tectrices qua fubjacent pennis flavis quas jam me- moravimus, purpureo-ruberrimz, quarum nonnullz longiffimz et lancez ad inftar formate fuper latera cauda producuntur. Cauda ipfa longa et acutius cuneata nigrat, maculis tamen modicis, ovatis, caftaneis, creberrime afperfa, ut «olor primarius, fcilicet niger, pene delitefcat. Roftrum flavefcit, ut et crura. calca- ribus armata. Rutilis his et micantibus plumis avem formofifimam fuperbire voluit Na- tura. Quod fi quis eam ipfam nunquam vidiffet, fed imaginem tantum in tabula, putaret profe&o pictorem, colores pulcherrime difponendi ftudiofum, ingenio indulfiffe ut imaginariam fingeret venuftatem. Femina, mare minor, modica tantum eft pulchritudine, obícure fufco-flavens, ftriis maculiíque | obícurioribus feu nigricantibus notata. E regione Sinenfi primitus advecta eft hzc {pecies, mufzeorum. Europzorum grande Decus. Sub noftro tamen ccelo, Britannim jamdiu familiaris prolem fepiffime alit nullo fere negotio; non enim neceffe eft ut mollius et delicatius curetur, cum eodem, ut plurimum, utatur vivendi modo quo reliqui congeneres. TEILTE (. 206. ) TH Ey: PANY PE DaiPee BUADSUA NOCT. GENE RTC*S CHAR ACT ER: Cheeks covered with a fmooth naked fkin. Lin. SPEERCIEIG CHARACTER. fc. Pheafant with yellow creft, fcarlet breaít, blue fecondaries, and cuneated tail. Painted Pheafant. Edw. 1. 68, 69. Lath. Syn. 4. p. 717. Faifan doré de la Chine. Buf, 2. fu. 375. " P. esl. 217. The Golden Pheafant. F the brilliancy with which Nature fo often decorates the feathered tribe the Golden Pheafant of China is unqueftionably one of the molt ftriking examples: a bird, of which the colours, when in a ftate of perfection, are fo powerfully lucid as to dazzle, in a full light, the eye of the fpectator; and can only be exceeded by the polifhed luftre of the Humming-birds and Certhiz. Even the Peacock himfelf, with all the grandeur of his gaudy plumage, falls fhort in comparifon, The *y Vive nto juam Witty n NUM V M WII \ WW NI l NN YTED PHEASANT. THE Pa PICTUS. PHASIANUS London, Lublifhd as the Act directs Feb, 2,1794. by L Parkinfon Leverian Mufeum ("207 /) “The fize of the golden or painted Pheafant is fmaller than that of the Coi- chic or common Pheafant, and its fhape is much more delicate, The head is ornamented by a large pendent creít of the brighteft golden yellow, and of an appearance refembling filk. The upper part of the neck is covered with a fort of hood, or mantle, compofed of truncated feathers of the richeft golden-orange, traverfed with numerous bars of black. The remainder of the neck is cloathed with gold-green feathers of a rounded fhape, and difpofed in the manner of fcales. The throat is of a bright buff, or very pale red- difh-brown. The breaft and whole under fide of the body are of the fulleft, brighteft, golden-fearlet, nearly approaching to the colour difplayed in the fparkling petals of the Jacobean Lily. (Amaryllis formofiffima Lin.) The fmaller wing-coverts are of a fimilar hue, but fomewhat lefs bright. The larger coverts are of a high ferruginous brown, dafhed with black. The fíca- pular feathers of the richeft and moft refplendent Pruffian-blue. The remiges or long wing-feathers brown, edged with buff; fome of the fecondaries darker, and dafhed or fpeckled with black; others of a rich blue. The lower part of the back and rump are of a gold-yellow, but deeper than the creft. The tail-coverts, (which lie beneath the yellow part juft men- tioned,) are of the richeft carmine-colour; fome of them are very long and lanceolate, and {pread over the fides of the tail The tail (which is long and fharply cuneiform,) is black, mofít thickly befet with moderately large pale- chefnut oval fpots, fo as almoft to invade or neatly exclude the black ground-colour. The beak is pale yellow. The legs the fame, and armed with fpurs. Such are the colours with which Nature has decorated this brilliant bird; which, had it been only known from-paintings; would doubtlefs have been confidered as the exaggerated reprefentation of fome fanciful artift, intent on producing a figure of the moft profufe and unlimited eaiety. The (5.208. ») The female bears no marks of fuperior beauty; being lefs than the male, and merely of a pale yellowifh-brown, barred and fpotted with much deeper or blacker ftripes. It is to China that we owe this matchlefs ornament of our European collections. It is a fpecies which may be confidered as in great meafure na- turalized to this country; fince it frequently breeds here, and requires no very particular care in its management; refembling in its general habits the reft of its genus, PELE.- £7 tU [€) AC M PRLROCANUS LIRACIIYREHIYNGCILOS —— GEILARACIHEGENERICU S. Rostrum edentulum, re&um: apice adunco, unguiculato, Nanzs rima obliterata. Facres nudiufcula. Pzpzs zquilibres: digitis omnibus quatuor fimul palmatis. —— — — ———M — — SIDA AC EBR.SSPIEIECIBI&IUS.-c Pelecanus criftatus albus, mandibula fuperiore tuberculato-carinata, gula faccata nigro ftriata. Pelecanus criftatus albus, gula faccata nigro ftriata. Latb. ind. orn. p. 884. Pelecanus erythrorhynchos. Ginel. $yfl. 1. f. 571. PECIEM hanc obiter et incuriofe vifam facile putemus eandem effe ac Pelecanus communis, feu; faltem iftius varietatem. Quod fi eam accuratius examinemus, patebit tantum differenti, ut revera diftinctam pronunciare non dubitemus. Tota avis albet, fi excipiamus remiges orafque humerorum, qua nigrant. Roftrum, quod e flavo paululum rubefcit, non ut Pelecani communis, leve, fed ferie longitudinali prominentiarum inzqualiter affurgentium diftinguitur. Saccus qui in gula magnus lineis plurimis nigris in longitudinem duétis infig- No. V. Bf niter ( $15 ) niter utrinque ftriatus Ad Pelecani communis magnitudinem vix plene per- tingit Pelecanus trachyrhynchos; modus vivendi fere idem. Americam incolit Septentrionalem. Conveniunt inter fe, ut plurimum, moribus fpecies hujus ge- neris majores, pifcibus praecipue victitando, quorum nec non et aque magnam copiam in facculo poffunt afportare. Diu habitus eft Pelecanus communis quafi erogys fymbolum, et vulgo credi folitum eft pafcere eum pullos cruore e fui ipfius pectore fponte extracto. Ad quam opinionem quodammodo contuliffe verifimiliter fatis putarunt nonnulli fitum ipfius avis fimul atque in nidum advolaverit et confederit; certatim enim e patulo ore efcam in facculo allatam vellicantibus pullis, roftri apex oreque rubentia velut fanguine perfufa videntur: quod quidem ipfum incuriofos fpecta- tores in errorem duxerit. Omnibus notiffimum eft monftrofam hanc materni amoris imaginem, decan- tatamque iftam phcenicis de flammis exurgentis fabulam in fignis publicis et infignibus gentilitiis reprafentari; unde fit, ut imperitze multitudinis animis hal- lucinationes abfurdiffimz in perpetuum dominentur. T HE THE ROUGH=BILLED PELICAN. PELECANUS TRACHYRYNCHOS. London Lrblifh d as the Act directs Feb 2 7.93 by E rhinfon Levertan Miufeum (C amm» af THE ROUGH-BILLED PELICAN. a eee ee GUN BRoBG3-C HARA C ACER: BiLL long and ftrait; the end either hooked or floping. NosrniLs either totally wanting, or fmall, and placed in a furrow that runs along the fides of the bill. Face naked, Gutter naked, and capable of great diftenfion, Toss all four webbed. Pennant. ———M— —— — M — M — — — —À — BIBLESCH BSEC n0€»H -AGROA:C UT EARS! &e; Crefted white Pelican, with the fuperior mandible carinated and tubercu- lated; the gular pouch ftriated with black, Rough-billed Pelican. Lath. Syn. 3. p. 586. Phil, Tranf. 42. p. 419, 54. N its general appearance this fpecies fo much refembles the common Pe- lican, that, on a curfory view, it might eafily pafs for the fame bird, or at leaft for a mere variety. When accurately examined, however, the differ- ences, tho’ not very ftriking to a common eye, are fufficient to juftify its being confidered as fpecifically difin&, The whole bird is white, except the longer feathers of the wings, and the edges of the fhoulders, which are black, The Buf o bill Cf joan bill, which is of a reddifh yellow, inftead of being fmooth or even, as in the common Pelican, is furnifhed with a very remarkable elevated longitudinal ridge, the prominences of which are irregular, or of unequal heights in differ- ent parts. The pouch or gular membrane is large and ftriated with nume- rous longitudinal lines of black on each fide. In fize this bird is fcarcely equal to the common fpecies, which it refembles in its manner of life. It is a native of North America. The larger birds of this genus agree in their general habits; living principally on fifh, of which, as well as of water, they are capable of carrying a vaft quantity in the pouch or fíkin of the lower mandible. The Pelican has been long confidered as the emblem of parental affection, and has been idly fuppofed to feed its young ones occafionally with blood, voluntarily drawn from its own breaft; an abfurdity the origin of which has with fome degree of probability been attributed to the pofture and general ap- pearance of the female when juft returned to her neft with provifion in her gular pouch, when the eagernefs of the young ones, in endeavouring to obtain the contents, and the appearance of the tip and edges of the bill, as if ftained with blood, may be fuppofed in fome meafure to excite this erroneous idea. it would be fuperfluous to obferve that this outrageous difplay of maternal tendernefs füll continues to be exhibited on fign-pofts and in heraldic paint- ings, and together with the reprefentation of the Phoenix in flames, contributes to: ro perpetuate fome of the ‘moft remarkable amongft popular errors. OTIS ( 213 ) OVE Toy. OU B. AR X CHPRAROASGUILERR.GENWERICUS Rostrum mandibula fuperiore fornicata. Nanzs ovate. Pzpzs curforii, tridactyli ; femoribus in parte inferiore denudatis. Laib. ind. oru. p. 658, CHARACIER SPECIBICUS, &c Otis flavefcens fufco maculata, collo pennis elongatis albidis rachibus nigris, remigibus nigris medio macula alba. Latb. ind. orm. p. 660. Otis flavicans, colli pennis albidis nigro-ftriatis longiffimis, remigibus magnis nigris, prope medium macula alba notatis. Gmel. Syfl. x. p. 725. a —— € ——— M M M N Otidum genere fingularis omnino et rariffima eft fpecies que in tabula cernitur; et ab aliis omnibus torque maximo pennarum longiffimarum fu- per collum prope humeros difpofitarum, et utrinque ad pectus dependentium diftinguitur, quem erigere poteft feu deprimere ad libitum. Conftat torquis e plumis diverfe coloratis: pennz {cilicet qua in collo poftico maxima ex parte nigrant, qua vero utrinque dependent, albz. Caput ( 214 ) Caput crifta alba dependula decoratur. Collum cinereum, ftris tranfverfis ni- oris undulatum. Color generalis pennarum in corpore fuperiori pallet leviffime fufco-flavefcens feu gilvus, punctulis maculifque fufcis creberrime guttatus. Re- miges primores nigri maculam habent prope medium albam. Cauda modica pallet, fufco confperfa, fafciifque tranfverfis fufco-nigricantibus virgata. Pectus et abdomen fere albent. Crura longa fufco-flavefcunt. Magnitudine fuperat Otis Houbara gallum vulgarem gallinaceum. In Ara- biz defertis przcipue invenitur. Ja mer P vip, O'TLS JHOUBARA , THE JRUFF ID BUSTARD, Ach , 424 21703 bv I Pret nom Levertan Mufeum ey Si Jn - doi BR UE ED BUSTARD. GENRBRIC oe EA RUA CT ER, Brix a little convex. NosrRiLs open, oblong. Toncue floping on each fide near the end, and noe Lecs long, and naked above the knees. Tors only three; no back toe. Pennant. ——— — MÀ M—Ó————— ee — SIUENCH.FIC CIDARAXCOFER, &c Yellowifh Buftard, fpotted with brown, with very long ruff-like neck-fea- thers; the longer remiges marked by a patch of white. Ruffed Buftard. Lath. 2. p. 805. Le Houbara, ou petite Outarde huppée d’Afrique. Buff ois. 2. p. $9. MONGST the birds of the genus Otis the moft fingular, as well as A perhaps the rareft, is the fpecies reprefented on the prefent plate, which is diftinguifhed from every other kind by a very large ruff of greatly length- ened feathers furrounding the lower part of the neck, and hanging down on each fide the breaft. This ruff can at pleafure be elevated or depreffed according to the will of the bird, and confifts of plumes of different colours: ^ ' thofe Es (916 .) thofe on each fide being chiefly white, while thofe on the back part are moftly black. The head is furnifhed with a white pendent creft. The neck is afh-coloured and undulated with black. The general colour of the plumage on the upper parts of the body is gilvous, or very pale yellowifh-brown, freckled with in- numerable fpots and markings of dark-brown. The larger wing-feathers or re- miges are black: each marked near the middle by a patch of white. "The tail is of a moderate length, and of a pale or whitifh colour, fpeckled with brown, and marked by feveral tranfverfe bars of blackifh-brown. The breaft and belly are nearly white. The legs are long and of a yellowifh-brown. The fize of this fpecies confiderably exceeds that of a common fowl. It is found chiefly in the deferts of Arabia. PSIT- & 75. 7) Pel tT PQWCUS"TPERRESTRIS Cie ke Cnn GEUCERICUS, Rostrum aduncum: mandibula fuperiore mobili; cera inftruca, Nargs in roftri bafi. Lincva carnofa, obtufa, integra, Pzpzs {canforii. Lin. Syft. Nat. 9.139. CHEERS TER SPECIFIC US, &e, Pfittacus macrourus viridis, nigro flavoque E capiftro rubro, cauda flava fafciis numerofis nigris. Pfittacus formofus. Lath, ind, oru. p. 103. N. B. Re&rices duz intermedia virides flavo fafciate. pn aves que ad nos a nova Hollandia nuper advenerint, parva eft hac pfittaci fpecies: forma fane adeo venufta ut plurimis iifque formofiffimis fui generis antecellat. Magnitudo eft quafi parvi Turturis, In illa generis divifione ponitur, quz fpecies macrouras continet. Color imus eft gramineo-viridiffimus ; fingulis plumis fuper dorfum hume- rofque macula nigra media flavo fafciata ornatis; — Caput nigro leviter ftria- INO. V. Ge tum, o ( 218 ) tum, et in fronte macula rubra confpicitur. Cauda admodum cuneata, coloris eft flaviffimi, re&ricibus (intermediis exceptis,) fafciis plurimis nigerrimis tranf- verfe notatis: Roftrum pedefque fubfufca. Infgniter differt hzc avis a reliquo genere, quod nunquam arboribus infidat, fed loca amet juncofa et caricea, humi curfitans more ralli, .Crura ei pedef- que longiora funt quam ceteris pfittacis; unguefque, digitorum przcipue pofti- corum, ita in longitudinem gracilefcunt ut ad alaudz unguium fimilitudinem quodammodo videantur accedere, | X he m en L ("e DANT As MSN B e : AM M ; MN (A J WX >) Oh ean ( DP ud rere n | "M ELE jw ue naf" Ar UMIMLINE TT uo uan T 42 COLIT gegp sep FIP Af] SO PWT EL E277 pup 'LowWWQ anaowy) — DHL, "'SIN.LSSNHSH,L SMIVLLISd ACT (ea) ) THE GROUND PARROT. GE WE RT C/C HAGR. ALC TE R: Britt hooked. Upper mandible moveable. Nosrrizs round, placed in the bafe of the bill. Toneve flefhy, broad, blunt at the end. Lecs fhort. Toes formed for climbing; viz. two toes forward, and two backward. eine PE LC CRA RAC TER, &c. Long-tailed green Parrot, fpotted with black and yellow; the frontlet red; the tail yellow, with numerous black bars. N. B.,The two middle tail feathers are green barred with yellow. MONGST the new fpecies of birds lately received from New Hol. land is a {mall Parrot, of an appearance fo fingularly beautiful as to furpafe moft of the gay tribe to which it belongs. Its fize is that of a {mall Turtle, and it belongs to the divifion in this genus containing the plittacl macrouri or long-tailed parrots. The general colour of the bird is a full grafs-creen, each feather on the back and fhoulders being marked in the middle with a dafh or fpot of Gga black ( 220 ) black fafciated with yellow. 'The head is flightly ftreaked with black, and in front is a red fpot. The tail is highly cuneiform; all the feathers (ex- cept the intermediate ones) of a rich jonquil: yellow, croffed throughout the whole length with numerous bars of the deepeft black. It is remarkable, that this bird, (unlike the reft of its genus,) never perches on trees, but conftantly frequents fedgy and rufhy places, running along the ground in the manner of a Rail Its legs and feet are of a lon- ger and more flender form than in other parrots; and the claws, particu- larly on the hind toes, are long and flender, approaching in fome degree to thofe of a Lark, TRTRAO T Ea Ro Adis: Ve ReOeGeA LE U's. CMA RA CT ER GENE RIC U S. RostruM conico-incurvum, fornicatum. Macula fupra oculos nuda, papillofa. Pzpss plumofi, Lath, ind. orn, p. 634. CRA RA CE ER. SP RCL ENC BS» c Tetrao pedibus hirfutis, cauda rotundata, axillis albis. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 273. Tetrao fufco-rufus, capite colloque cinereis, gula abdomineque nigris, axillis albis. Latb. ind. orn. p. 634. Urogallus major. Brif. 1. p. 182. lg inter congeneres Tetrao Urogallus, avium fane omnium galli- naceorum quotquot revera Europee, fi Otidem communem excipiamus, facile maximus. Longus eft mas fere tres pedes, vix ac ne vix cedens mag- “nitudine Meleagridi Gallopavoni Linnzi. Color corporis fuperioris et alarum eft ferrugineo-fufcus feu caftaneus, virgis inzqualibus tranfverfis maculifque nigricantibus notatus. Capiti colloque cinereis linea ( 222 ) linee innumere nigre oblique obducuntur. Pectus nigrum, nitore relucens eximie viridi. — Reliqua inferiora nigrant, abdomine et femoribus albo macu- latis: Caudze late, rotundate, fufce, margines exteriores albo diftinguuntur. Roftrum validum et breve. Oculo utrique fuperimponitur quafi crifta, feu cu- tis nuda produ&a ruberrima, eranofa. Crura valida, plumis fufcis veftita. Inter marem et feminam mira diverfitas, cujus in variis avibus varia funt exempla. Mare multo minor femina maxima ex parte lucide ferruginea eft, lineis maculifque nigris variata. Nigrat dorfum cum parte quadam alarum, quarum reliquum fubnigrum maculis pallidis afpergitur. Aves has anteactis temporibus abundanter protulit Britannia noftra, in par- tibus precipue feptentrionalibus. In Scotia etiamnum, rariffime tamen, dicuntur inveniri. In Hibernia olim extitiffe feruntur, jam deperditz. In Aréticis re- gionibus, Suecia nempe et Norvegia, et in Alpinis Italicis frequentes degunt. Amant precipue fylvas, baccifque veícuntur; gemmis autem et feminibus pini fylveftris creditur eas maxime delectari. THE oL Rd "T el = y i UM Wi d ) E T i P. Ww N isa Ville A TI z LT n. vanis T Von i Al Ja ur SS NS SSS C my) Ts H.E; WrO.QCD! » GR. Q/U:S GF N-E R..L.C ::GHoATFRoA Gi EE R. Bir, convex, ftrong, and fhort. A naked /carlet fkin above each eye. Nostrizs fmall and hid in the feathers. Toncve pointed at the end. Lecs ftrong, feathered to the toes; and fometimes to the nails. The toes of thofe with naked feet pe&inated on each fide. Pennant. SEC Le CIHARAGIEER;: &e, Ferruginous-brown Grous, with cinereous head and neck, black throat and belly, and white axilla. Coq de Bruyere ou Tetras. Big 092. hp ox, OT. 8l IP nr. i lg au Cock of the Wood, or Mountain. Ray. Syn. p. 63. A. x. Will. orn. p. 172. £. 20. 4 HE Tetrao Urogallu, or Cock of the Wood, may be confidered as the prince of its genus, and indeed, (if we exclude the Buftard,) may may be reckoned the largeft of all the European birds of the gallinaceous tribe. The fize of the male is fcarce inferior to that of a Turkey, and its length is not far fhort of three feet. Its general colour on the upper part ; of ( 224 ) of the body and wings is a ferruginous-brown or cheftnut, marked with irre- gular tranfverfe lines and fpots of blackifh. The head and neck are of a dark colour, owing to innumerable tranfverfe lines of black difpofed on an afh-coloured ground. The breaft is black with a rich glofs of green; the re- mainder of the under parts black; but varied on the thighs and belly with patches of white. The tail is broad, of a rounded fhape and of a dark colour, and is marked on the exterior fides with white. The bill is fhort and ftrong. Over each eye is a very confpicuous upright creft or production of bare, red, granulated fkin. The legs are ftrong, and coated with duiky feathers. The female is one of the moft remarkable inftances of that ftrange differ- ence which takes place in the oppofite fexes of many of the feathered tribe. It is much fmaller than the male, and its predominant colour is a bright ferruginous, barred and fpotted with black. The back and part of the wings are black; the remainder of a browner caft, variegated with pale fpots. Thefe birds were once not uncommon in our own ifland; but were chief- ly confined to the northern parts of the country: in Scotand they are ftill faid to exift, tho’ very rare. In Ireland they were alfo faid to be found, but feem at prefent unknown. In the more northern climates of Norway and Sweden they are frequent; as well as in many of the northern regi- ons of Afia, and in the Alpine tracts of Italy. They live chiefly in woods, and feed principally on various kinds of berries, as well as on the buds and feeds of pine-trees, of which they are faid to be particularly fond, 5 6 C O- UCOLUMBA CHALGOPTERXA CHAR OCT ER GCG PME Pred S Rosrrum rectum, verfus apicem defcendens. Nares oblonge, membrana molli tumida femitecte. * Lincva integra. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 279. L1 * CHAK Se? ER SPECT REC US, &c Columba fubfufca, roftro pedibufque rubris, te&tricibus fingulis macula au- reo-cuprea notatis. Columba Chaleoptera. : Lath. ind. orm. p. 604. N pulcherrimis qua a Nova Hollandia hactenus afportatz funt avibus jure habeatur Columba Chalcoptera, qu& magnitudine fere palumbi zqualis eft, corpore graciliori et elegantior. Color quoad fuperiora fufco-pallet, tec- tricibus alarum majoribus fingulis macula lata fplendide cuprea infignitis, unde per alam ducuntur totidem ordines metallici nitoris. Variata luce, variant quo- que macula, pulchritudinem avis mirum: in modum augentes. — Pennarum, de quibus jam diximus, apices coloris funt leviter cinerei. Remiges interiores No. V. H h feu (. 226. ) feu fecundarii fimiliter fpeculo lucide ceruleo-viridi, ut in anatum alis videre eft, notantur apicibus fufcis. Cauda plumbea feu czrulefcens prope apicem fafciam habet nigricantem. Colli latera nec non corpus inferius funt plumbeo-czrulea, pectore vinario, A roftro trans oculos excurrit ftria fufca, et utrinque capiti imponitur nota albicans. Roftrum pedefque rubra. [2 * FX WP Shelton femel i I (UM » | ri TN E = A . a) EAT Aves = SC [dz] ^ z i E N E E S ! e HE S k Br | A i. ^ E -— R S A o l n J = n Mt aan a 2 - I" Act directs Feb Lendon Lublif{hd as the MIN ^ | QUAM | COLUMBA CHALCOPTERA . T NN | Il WA I TM WA INR li QI / AA, ( dep ) THE BRONZE-WINGED PIGEON. GENERIC (CTPA RA CT ER, Birt weak, flender, ftrait at the bafe, with a ‘oft protuberance in which the noftrils are lodged. 'Toxcvr entire. Lzcs fhort: toes divided to the origin. SPE Capp ic Crea RAC’! ER, Gc Brownifh Pigeon, with red beak and legs; the coverts each marked with a fpot of golden copper-colour. Golden-winged pigeon. White's Voyage to New South Wales, p. 146. HIS fpecies may certainly be numbered amongft the moft beautiful birds hitherto difcovered in the continent of New Holland. Its fize is nearly that of a wood-pigeon, but it is longer and of a more elegant form. The colour above is a fine pale brown, the larger wing-coverts being each marked by a broad patch of lucid copper-colour, and by their pofition on the wing forming fo many rows of large cupreous fpots, of the richeít me- tallic fplendor, and accompanied by a degree of varying luftre, which adds in a fingular manner to the elegance and beauty of the bird. Each of H h 2. thefe (c -208r. ) thefe feathers is tipped with pale afh or dove-colour. The interior remiges or fecondaries are marked in the fame manner with a fpeculum of deep, lucid, blue-green, like that of a duck: the tips of thefe feathers are brown. The tail is lead-coloured, or blueifh, and marked near the end with a blackifh bar. The fides of the neck and under parts of the body are of a blueifh lead-colour, but the breaft has a ftrong caft of vinaceous. The fore- head is yellowifh-white. From the beak thro’ the eyes runs a ftreak of brown; and a whitifh mark is vifible on each fide the head. The bill and legs are red. ANAS ( 229 ) Av Av Soe GrhnMeB E-N:S- ES. Cpe Orn eRe GRAN EIR'TC'U' S; Rostrum lamellofo-dentatum, convexum, obtufum. Lincva ciliata, obtufa, Lin. Syf. Nat. p. 194. CHARACTER SPEGEHBRIC U.S; tee! Anas nigra purpureo nitens, fubtus alba, humeris fpinofis, roftri bafi gibbo. Anas roftro bafi gibbo, corpore nigro fubtus albo, dorfo purpurafcente, roftro pedibufque rubris, Latb. ind. orn. p. 839. Anas roftro femicylindrico, cera gibbofa, humeris fpinofis. Lim. Syf. Nat. p. 195. Anas Gambenfis. Will, orn. 275. t. 61. dra a pleraque mufea Anate Gambenfi Linnzi, cujus meminit Wil- loughbeius nomine Gambo Go» notatque Lathamus in Synopfi avium, vix aliud fpecimen in Britannia exftare praeter quod in Moufeo Leveriano af- fervatur. Anas /Egyptaca Linnzi, fpecies penitus diverfa, a quibufdam ícrip- toribus cum hac confunditur, Notam ( 230 )j Notam habet hzc noftra praecipuam fpinam magnam, acutam, validiffimam, utrinque fuper humeros. fitam, qua quamvis non huic fpeciei propria fit et peculiaris, major tamen eft et eminentior quam in alia ula quam adhuc no- vimus. Roftrum rubet, affurgitque a bafi mandibule fuperioris tuber dilatatum in fronte. Tota avis fuperius nigrat, non fine purpurei cujufdam nitoris vef- tigis, exceptis genis humerifque qua albent. Pectus quoque inferius cum ab- domine albet. Crura pedefque rubra. In Africa nafcitur Anas Gambenfis, in regione Gambiz pracipue confpecta. Magnitudine Anatem Anferem Linnzi aequat. ve NS ED [ RA i n PU TANE i y UU Moe m us did "NC n quM "d xp Min [ M HDI dee LG 2m "Md mw | liar d DA DM aa A aj Ds Mr Vus 2 | prc M S d "AA uh m guy eae M zu A TUE "Ww y fF tttler fet CIL wey del AS GAMBENSIS THe GAMBIAN GOOSE io London / bt directs Fel. 2, 1793 lv LParkinjon Leverian Mufeum (. 23r ) Tae SG AM BURBAUN (Q'OO'SFtE. GUENETWICUCHSARBJACT ER. Bixt ftrong, broad, flat or deprefled; and commonly furnifhed at the end with a nail Edges marked with fharp /JameLz. NosrRiLs fmall, oval. Toncvue broad, edges near the bafe fringed. Fret, middle toe the longett. Pennant. —————— — ——— SBECIEIGCCILARAE€IESRE; Gc Purplifh-black Goofe, white beneath, with fpined fhoulders, and bill gib- bous at the bafe. Gambo Goofe. Will. orn, p. HE Anas Gambenfis of Linnaeus, or Gambo Goofe of Willoughby, is very rarely to be met with in collections; and it is obferved by Mr. Latham, in his Synopfis of birds, that it is probably no where to be found in our own Country except in the Leverian Mufeum. The Fgyp- tian goofe, (Anas Aegyptiaca. lin.) a (fpecies widely differing from it, has been fometimes confounded with it by ornithological writers. Its (53m Its principal mark of diftin&ion confifts in a large, ftrong, and fharp fpur, fituated on each fhoulder: a particularity, which tho’ not peculiar to the prefent fpecies, is poffeffed by it in a far higher and more ftriking degree than any other yet difcovered. The bill is of a red colour, and rifes at the bafe of the upper mandible into an expanded protuberance in front. The whole upper part of the bird is black, with a caft or glofs of purple, except the cheeks and fhoulders, which are white. 'The breaít and belly are alfo white. It is an African bird, and is principall found in the regions of Gambia, Its fize is that of a common goofe. PSO- (2) PASHOWPEXH PA Gave P. ICI ACON"US COLLAR Ae ER GB N ERI CU. Rostrum cylindrico-conicum, convexum, acutiufculum, mandibula fuperiore longiore. Nares ovate, patula. Pzpzs tetradactyli, fiffi. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 262. CHAR ACIPRSSPECIPFICUS,-&e Pfophia nigra, dorfo grifeo, pectore caruleo-viridi fplendente, orbitis nudis rubris. Lath. ind. orn. p. 667. Pfophia crepitans. f 94g Lim. $yf. Nat. p. 263. Grus Píophia. Pall, Spit. 4... Be. t. OMEN inde adepta eft hzc avis quod a peculiari partium. internarum difpofitionem proveniat fimile quiddam voci palumbis; fed abruptius et majori intervallo : quodque qracipue auditur poft finitam vocem communem ab ore, cui fere conftanter refpondet fonus interior. JEquat faltem magnitudine gallum vulgarem gallinaceum, quo fane major vi- detur ob colli crurumque longitudinem, Color niger eft, nitore caruleo-viridi No; V. 1 et (2387 3 et mutabili fuper pectus praecipue perfufo. Penne, que in collo et pectore, breves, rotundate, ferice, et fquamiformes; quz vero in corpore et alis, elongate, feu e fibris laxis longifque conftantes. Dorfi et alarum, quae cinerea, pars fumma nitet quiddam ferrugineum. In America Auftrali generatur Pfophia crepitans. Convenit huic modo vi- vendi tum Gralli tum Gallinis, quippe non modo grana comedit, fed et pilces. TUTE pha m fpa! de. "t in Jui is 1 i me = LSE Fe SS 7297997209977 IPSOPHIA CREPITANS THE TRUMPETER London Publifhid as the Act- directs Fel,,2,71793 ty L,Parkinfon Levertan DMujeum E 235 ) Toe Eee te UMP © UT ER. GENERIC CHARACTER. Bitz fhort, upper mandible a little convex. Nosrrits oblong, funk, and pervious. Toncue cartilaginous, flat, torn, or fringed at the end. Lzcs naked a little above the knees. Tors, three before; one fmall behind, with a round protuberance beneath the hind toe, which is at a fmall diftance from the ground. Pennant. SPECIBIC CHARA C PER, ‘éc. Black Trumpeter, with grey-brown back ; breaft gloffed with blue-green; orbits of the eyes red and naked. L'Agami Buff. ois. 4. p. 487. t. 23. Pl. eni. 16g. ; HE curious bird reprefented on the prefent plate has obtained its com- mon title from an extraordinary circumftance in the conformation of its internal organs, in confequence of which it is enabled at pleafure to produce an uncommon found, not ill refembling the voice of a wood-pigeon, but more abrupt, or interrupted. This particularity is moft obfervable after the bird has lis emitted ( 236 ) emitted its common or natural note by the mouth, which is almoft conftantly fucceeded by the internal found above-mentioned. The fize of this bird is at leaft equal to that of a common fowl, but its length of neck and legs give it a ftill larger appearance. Its general colour is black, richly gloffed (particularly on the breaft) with a changeable blue- green. The feathers on the neck and breaft are fhort and ícale-like : thofe on the wings and body long-fibred and loofe. The wings and back are ci- nereous, accompanied on the upper parts with a ferruginous caft. Tt is a native of South America, in many parts of which it is not un- common. In its habits and manner of life it feems to partake of the nature both of the Gralla and Galline, feeding not only in the manner of poultry, on grain and vegetables, but likewife on fifh. CAL- € 237 J CUOMGEtE Ao) corr N SERE B A. CHARACTER GENERIC US, Rostrum incurvatum, fornicatum, mandibula inferiore breviore, fubtus ad bafin carunculata. Nanzs depreffe, membrana fubcartilaginea femitecte. Lincvua fubcartilaginea, apice ferrato-bifida, ciliata. Pzprzs ambulatorii. Latb. ind. orm. Ginel. Syft. Nat. CHARACTER SPECIBRVE US, &e Calleas nigricans, oculis caruleis, palearibus rubris. Glaucopis cinerea. _ Gmel. Syft. Nat. p. 363. Calleas cinerea. Lath, ind. orm. p. 14g. N ilarum avium numero eft Calleas, quas nuperis temporibus regiones antarcticee fuppeditarunt. Quod ad ejus notitiam pervenerint phyfici Eu- ropzi, debetur omnino illuftriffimo Cook, quo duce iter facientibus navibus, a Nova Zelandia allata eft, Ibi fatis abundare dicitur. Longa ( 238 ) Longa eft circiter quindecim uncias, magnitudine corvo glandario Linnzi fimilis. Color cinereus pene nigricat. Frons penitus nigrat, et utrinque a mandibula inferiore dependet caruncula rotundata, magna, rubra; qualis fere cernitur in gallo vulgari gallinaceo. Caruncula utriufque bafis eft czrulea. Oculorum quoque irides lucide cerulee. Cauda longula leviter cuneata. Mores huic fere iidem ac cervino generi. T REDE fa v [57 ua jj SST T Ce} i paitte TU gU FECE TEE TIT 282 Ey ee r Cy té Y et CALLEAS CINEREA. THE WATTLE BIRD, London, ubl fud as the Act directs Feb 2r 1794 by L Farkinjon LEVverian, Mujeum : ( 239 ) a eee AUR LIE - DI ER L. GENER RC eC PARA GT DR. Birr incurvated and arched: the lower mandible fhorter than the upper, and furnifhed with a pair of wattles. Nosrrizs depreffed, half covered with a fomewhat cartilaginous mem- brane. Toncvue fub-cartilaginous, divided at the end, and ciliated. SPRCIFIC GPA R 2 Ce BRS &c Blackifh Wattle-bird, with blue eyes, and red wattles. Cinereous Wattle-bird. Lath. Sys. 1. p. 364. HE Wattle Bird is one of thofe late acquifitions with which the dif- coveries in the fouthern Hemifphere have enriched ornithology. It was a bird entirely unknown to the naturalifts of Europe, till brought during the voyages of the late Captain Cook from New Zealand, where it is faid to be tot uncommon, ( 249 ) Its length is about fifteen inches, and its fize that of a jay. Its colour is an uniform deep cinereous or rather nearly black; the front of the head is of a deep black, and from beneath the lower mandible on each fide hangs a rounded wattle, of confiderable fize and of a red colour; in fub- ftance not ill refembling the fame part in the common cock. The bafe of each wattle is blue. The irides of the eyes are alfo of a bright blue. The tail is rather long, and in fhape flightly cuneiform, In its manners it feems much to refemble the birds of the genus Corvus. LANIUS LANIUS LEVERIANUS. CHARACTER GENERICUS Rostrum rectiufculum, dente utrinque verfus apicem, bafi nudum. Lixcua lacera. Lin. Syfl. Nat. p. 134. CTE RA CPE RR: SPECIFICUS, &e Lanius cauda cuneiformi, corpore albo nigroque vario, re&ricibus omni- : bus apice albis. Lath. ind. orn. p. 73. Lanius Leverianus. Gmel. 8yft. p. 302. RETUS omnino celeberrimi Lathami fententia avem hanc rariffimam inter Lanios numeravi, licet fortaffe huic generi in omnibus non plene refpondeat. Species eft de cujus hiftoria locoque natali nihil adhuc pro certo exploratum eft, nec ab alio quopiam defcripta eft preter Lathamum, qui in fynopfi avium nomine eam diftinxit apto fatis et idoneo, viz. Magpie Shrike; Corvi enim Pice Linnzi fpecimini pufillo primo intuitu fimillima eft. No. V. Kk Ob- ( 242 ) Obfervavit autem Lathamus eam ad genus Corvi nequaquam poffe perti- nere, quippe quod careat capiftro reverfo, feu fetarum ferie, qua in ifto ge- nere infignes funt ad diftinctionem. —Notavit praterea, licet ob roftrum validum inter Loxias fortaffe non inepte poffet difponi ad Leniorum tamen fimilitudi- nem magis accedere. Magnitudine turdum vulgarem feu muficum fere aquat Lanius Leverianus. THE t 1 Imo v UE m NY. i eres ed dr "n CRI. plea de SI Fittler feubp f / AANIUS LEVERIANUS. THE LEVERIAN SHRIKE. Act a ts PPh 2 43 by L Parkinjon Lev rian Miefeum . a og ) THE LEVERIAN SHRKIK E. GEN ER LC..€ EAR. A: C FER, Bite ftrait, hooked only at the end, near the end of the upper mandible a fharp procefs. NosTRIiLs round, covered with ftiff briftles. Towcvuz jagged at the end. Tozs divided to the origin. Tait cuneiform. Pennant. SPECIPICSCILAR ACIER, Gags Shrike with cuneiform tail; body varied with black and white; the tips of all the tail-feathers white. Magpie Shrike. Lath. Syn 1. p. 192. T is entirely in compliance with the opinion of Mr. Latham that the very rare and curious bird here reprefented is placed under the genus Lanius, though not perhaps accurately correfponding in all particulars with the characters of that genus. It is a fpecies whofe hiftory and native country are not certainly known, and was never noticed by any ornithological writer till Mr. Latham introduced it into his Synopfis of Birds, under the title of the Magpie Shrike; a name by no means ill adapted to the appearance of K ka the ( x 9 the bird, which, at firft view, bears a ftriking refemblance to a diminutive fpecimen of the Corvus Pica of Linnzus, or common magpie. Mr. Latham has obferved that it cannot with propriety be referred to the genus Corvus, fince it is deftitute of the capiftrum reverfum, or feries of briftles in front, which characterize that genus. He alfo adds, that though the ftoutnefs of the beak might almoft admit of its being placed in the genus Loxia, yet it feems to have more conformity with that of Lanius. Its fize is that of a fmall thrufh, and its length about tea inches. DA. ( 245 ) DASYPUS NOVEM-CINCTUS CHARACTER GENERICU S Dentes molares plures, abfque primoribus, abfque laniariis. Corpus cataphractum tefta offea, zonis interíecta. Lin. Syft. Nat. 9. 53. Cl AURUA GALE REUS ,ECIJIELCU S,-.&c. Dafypus cingulis novem, palmis tetradactylis, plantis pentadactylis. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. $4. Cataphractus fcutis duobus, cingulis novem. Brif. Quadr. 42. Tatus. Gefn. Quadr. p. 935. D A.SY PUS:-^i:2-CQL6NGTUS? CHA RAG TER: SHE Corr leu S. Ac Dafypus unicinctus ? Lin, Syft. Nat. p. $3. Cataphractus fcutis duobus, cingulis duodecim? Brif. Quadr. 43. Tatu feu Armadillo Africanus. Seby il.) 3. fe AE Fs n0. f 324. YSTRICES fane et Erinaceos ípinis longis et mucronatis, Manimque Íquamis validis et acutis contexit Natura: habet vero Dafypus loricam offeam, mire adeo confectam, eximieque ornatam, ut exquifitiffimum artificium non fine ftupore poffit confpici. Huic quidem generi gula pectus et abdomen cute granofa contecta funt. Appro- ( 246 ) Appropinquante periculo, illico fefe contrahere folet Dafypus in formam ovi vimque omnem mediocrem facile poteft fuftinere. Noétu potiffimum eva- gatur, et vermibus, frugibus, et radicibus innocue vefcitur: interdiu in antris fubterraneis habitat. Caro ejus multum laudatur; et in delicis ab Americe Auftralioris incolis habetur. Brafiliam et Guianam precipue incolunt Dafy- podes. Valde inter fe fimiles funt varie hujus generis fpecies, pracipueque ilas diftünguit in loricato corpore circulorum numerus. Inter pulcherrimas funt {pecies jam depicta. Fecunda funt hec animalia, frequentefque partus edunt. In magnam mo- lem rariflime crefcunt, nec fepe longitudine unum pedem fuperant ; cauda excepta. Buffonus tamen fpeciem defcripfit, qua tres fere pedes prater cau- dam longa fuit. Fortaffe igitur qui in Europam advecti fuerint Dafypodes, ad plenam magnitudinem non pervenerant. THE ih rl Tu "Wie n Vul Ly AAG e MAR A e^ » Me i GUN nora ae tar e eptasaag torte vp peu he pa, 2 pro mA m ‘OTTIOVINIY CIACNV Yt WHHLIL “SMLINID €t Sndksvq "Orrmavawry asasvg 6 wm 'sanosuryÓ6 sa aX S v ( dap) THE NINE-BANDBED ARMADILLO. ——— —M—— — —— — —— M — — — GENERIC CHARACT ER. Grinpers only, without either cutting or canine teeth. Bopy covered by a fort of offeous armour, ———— ——— M — — MM —MMMMÓ —À — — SP Beet C CARA CEE R,. &c. Armadillo with the armour divided on the back into nine bands or zones. American Armadillo. Phil, qranf. $4. 9. $7. 4. 7. Le Cachichame, ou Tatou a neuf bandes. Bug? vo. p. 919908 37: Pig-headed Armadillo. Grew’s Rarities, 18. THE TWELVE-BANDED ARMADILLO? cr MM See le iG CHARACTER, de, Armadillo with armour divided into tweive bands, Le Kabaffou, ou Tatou a douze bandes. Buff. 10. f. 218. +. 40. Twelve-banded Armadillo ? Pennant. Quadr. p. 501. ———————M———— ATURE, which has clothed the Porcupine and the Hedgehog with fharp quills, and the Manis with ftrong fcales, has beftowed on the genus Dafypus a complete fuit of armour, fo admirably conftruéted and fo elegantly ornamented, that it is impoffible to view without aftonifhment an ap- paratus 2C m8 ) paratus of fo much curiofity. 'The throat, breaft, and belly, are covered with a granulated fkin. On the approach of danger thefe animals roll themfelves up into an oval form, and are then fo fecurely cafed up in their bony covering, that no common force can injure them. They are of a perfectly harmlefs nature, and wander about chiefly by night, in queft of infects, roots, and fruit; and in the day-time refide in their holes, which they make under ground. Their flefh is reckoned excellent, and is much admired by the inhabitants of South America. They are found principally in Brazil and Guiana. There is a great general refemblance between the feveral fpecies of Ar- madillos, and they are principally diftinguifhed by the number of divifions on the body part of their armour. The two fpecies reprefented on the prefent plate may be reckoned amongít the moft elegant of the genus. Armadillos in general are prolific animals, and breed frequently. They do not grow to a large fize, and are feldom feen of more than a foot in length, exclufive of the tail. Yet the Count de Buffon has defcribed one which meafured near three feet without the tail: in all probability thofe which are generally brousht over to Europe are not arrived at their full fize. MUSERRLBVERERANI Bx EA Gm Eb O; Been GE ROO EH 9 ee A. TAA NA OPER A ET STUDIO ener G hk SHAW, MD Hs ADD UN TF UR. .EXYG U ER E HEEGANTER SCULPT/E ET COLOR A Fs. IMPENSIS JACOBI PARKINSON. M.DCC.XCVI. FX 5428170 MUSEUM LEVERIANUM, CON TAINING QEPEZBGCISPHCIMINZE!ÓNR From the MUSEU M of the late SER ASTON ERNRVESRE. Rx WITH BESCRIEPTEONS IN LATIN AND ENGLISAE; GEORGE SHAW, M.D. E.R.S. BUBBLE LSE Dy By ]IA M OB 3 Bo A ROR FON SON, BERORRENEETOR OF THE ABOVE GOREEGTION M.DCC.XCVI. VIRO ORNATISSIMO | OG SEB HQ: BACON CK. S, BABQ NER TO, HONORATISSIMI ORDINIS BALNEI EU TIL REGIA SOCIETATIS LONDINENSIS PRZESIDI, S EC;UN;DUM,IEU. NC NB DUE ILES W:IBEERORU MIN. BASGLOUSfrRUM IX D. EB. EAQQ'B'US*PAROEINSOQIMNM SIR FOOSE PE BANKS Bia KNIGHT OF THE MOST HONOURABLE ORDER OF THE BATH, AND PRESIDENT OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, THIS SECOND VOLUME OF MUSEUM-LEVERIANUM IS RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED, JAMES PARKINSON. " 462401710 Lat Ay MUS EUM, Bip Vide ER. LA N.U M. No?23VI. Vi Ua Ree Gy Revo P IR UPS: CHA RrA Gil E5R 5, GENE: RI C: Uis. Rostrum rectum, apice aduncum. Capur (plerumque) impenne, antice nuda cute. Lincua bifida. Lin. $yfl. Nat. p. 121. i Arkon, Ch eRe) SPECURICUS' &c Vultur niger, remigibus fecundariis albis, caruncula verticali comprefla, gula nuda rubra, collo utrinque carunculato. Vultur Gryphus. V: maximus, caruncula verticali longitudine capitis, gula nuda. Lin. Syfl. Nat. p. 121. Lin. Syft. Nat. GmEL. p. 245. Vultur Magellanicus. Mus. Lev. No. 1. p. 1. 7. 1. (US fpecimen, quod in ipfo limine hujus operis depingitur, crifta caruerit erecta et acuta, cujus precipue meminerunt peregrinatores et phyfici, licet alios characteres plerumque leviter tetigerint ; quamque evidentem effe et Vor. II. B infignem (ye) infignem diftinctionis notam affirmat Linnzus; paululum addubitavimus effetne avis noftra revera Vultur Gryphus Linnai, et tutius putavimus eam alio nomine diftinguere. At jam nacti eximium fpecimen quod ab oris Magellanicis in Mufeum Leverianum tranftulit Dominus Middletonus, dux nauticus, certo certius habemus, vulturem quem Magellanicum nominavimus, feminam fuiffe Gryphum, tate minus provectam. Domino igitur Middletono debetur quod jam peffumus de multis figillatim et fidenter dicere que hactenus phyficos latuerunt. Praecipue notatu dignus eft faccus qui in gula, feu pellis quaedam dilatata, a bafi mandibulz inferioris longe per collum ducta. Prodeunt etiam e late- ribus colli appendiculz feptem quafi carnez, feu caruncule femicirculares et velut auriformes, magis magifque decrefcentes, alia fuper aliam leviter ob- ducte, et prope carulez. Totum collum pectufque rubentia carent plumis, pilis tantum raris et nigricantibus huc illuc afperfa. Magna eft crifta capitis, erecta, bafi craffa, margine acuto et quafi cultrato, nec omnino zqualis, fed leviter finuata, medio paululum depreffo, parte poftica affurgente; levis pra- terea, lateribus inzequaliter convexis, quoad fubftantiam non longe abfimilis criftee vulturis qui Papa dicitur. Ab hac crifta parvo intervallo fita eft et alia minor utrinque ad nucham, fimiliter contexta, et hirta lanugine veftita. Co- lor criftarum fere nigricat, nonnullis in locis paululum caeruleus et fubru- bens. A collo inferiore dependet tuberculum pyriforme, ei omnino fimile quod gerit femina quam prius defcripfimus, cuique in omnibus refpondet mas de quo differimus, excepta magnitudine. Diftat apex ale unius ad apicem alterius circiter quatuordecim pedes. Copiam dat nobis hoc fpecimen non levem errorem corrigendi, in quem inciderunt nonnulli auctores, qui forte avem vivam longius .fedentem, alis claufis, remigibufque albis fecundariis dorfum) celantibus confpexerint, feu mortuam: incuriofe et ofcitanter examinaverint. Dorfim enim dicunt album effe, quod carbonaria eft nigredine. Cumque latius fe diffeminare plerumque foleat (. R3) foleat error, eundem evulgavit Dominus Gmelinius in nova editione fyfte- matis Linnzani, Molinam fecutus, qui Lathamum quoque, cum preclarum opus Indicem ornithologicum edidit, videtur a vero abduxiffe. Similiter quo- que peccavit Dominus Kerr, qui fyftema Linnzanum in linguam Anglicam " tranftulit. Nec praterendum eft omnes hos auctores caudam avis parvam af- firmaffe, quae certe majufcula eft, fi cum corpore comparetur. B 2 THE (o3 3 ier wom ND) Gan, GENERIC CHARACTER. Bitz ftrait, hooked at the tip. Heap commonly bare of feathers, with a naked fkin in front. Tonevue bifid. SP,EC LPFICcGIDGARBOAJCI IER; 6c. Black Vulture, with the fhorter wing-feathers white; the head furnifhed with an upright compreffed flefhy creft or comb, the throat naked and red; the neck carunculated on each fide. The Magellanic Vulture. Mus. Lev. No. 1. p. 4. pl. 1. N the defcription of this fpecies in the firft Number of the prefent work, I had fome reafon to doubt whether the fpecimen there figured could be confidered as the real Vultur Gryphus of Linnzus, or genuine Peruvian Con- dor; from the circumftance of its wanting the crifta compreffa, or erect fhar- pened creft or comb on the head, which makes fo confpicuous a figure in the flight defcriptions which have commonly been given of that bird by tra- vellers and naturalifts, and which Linnzus had fixed upon as the principal character of the fpecies; for which reafon it was thought advifable to dif- tinguifh it by a different name. The magnificent fpecimen, however, now delineated, and which was brought from the Magellanic coafts by Captain Middleton of the Royal Navy, and foon after introduced into the Leverian Mufeum, 2097097 VULTUR GRYPHUS, Time CONDOR. London, able f hit as the 1Lct directs June 2, 1793, by LLarkinyor Levertan Nufeu » eu Mufeum, has long fince difpelled every doubt relative to the fpecies; and it is perfectly clear, that the former fpecimen, or Vultur Magellanicus, was the female Condor in a lefs advanced ftate of growth. By this highly interefting fpecimen we are enabled to afcertain with pre- cifion many particulars relative to the appearance of the bird which have hi- therto efcaped obfervation. Of thefe one of the moft remarkable is a kind of gular pouch, or large dilated fkin, of a blueifh color, proceeding from the bafe of the lower mandible, and reaching to fome diftance down the neck. On each fide the neck is alfo fituated a row or feries of flat, carneous, femi- circular, or ear-fhaped flaps or appendages, to the number of feven on each fide, and which gradually decreafe in fize as they defcend; being fo difpofed as to lap flightly over each other. The whole neck and breaft are of a red color, and perfectly bare of feathers; being only coated here and there with a few ftraggling filaments of blackifh hair or coarfe down. The color of the lateral wattles or caruncule inclines to blueifh. The creft, or comb on the head, is large, upright, thick at the bafe, fharpened on its edge, and not en- tirely even in its outline, but fomewhat finuated, finking flightly in the middle, and rifing higher on the back part. It is fmooth, and irregularly convex on the fides, and in its texture or fubftance not greatly diffimilar to that of the Vultur Papa of Linnzus, or King Vulture. At a flight diftance behind this, on each fide, is fituated a much fmaller femi-oval nuchal creft of a fimilar fubftance, and befet with coarfe down. The color of the creft is blackifh, flightly inclining to reddifh and blueifh in fome parts. "Towards the lower part of the neck is the fame kind of pear-fhaped pendent tubercle as in the female bird before defcribed, and which, in every refpect indeed except in fize, it perfectly refembles. The extent of this bird from wing's end to wing's end is about fourteen feet. This fpecimen affords an opportunity of correcting a very important error in the defcriptions of the Condor given by general obfervers, who feem to have e 6 have defcribed it from a curfory view, either from the living bird, when feated at fome diftance with its wings clofed, or from too inattentive a fur- vey of the dead fpecimen. Such defcriptions tell us that the back of the bird is white; which, on the contrary, is coal-black ; an error moft evidently owing to having feen the bird with the wings clofed over the back, fo that the white fecondaries covered it from view. This erroneous defcription is copied by Dr. Gmelin, in his new edition of the Syftema Nature of Lin- nzus, from Molina, who has given a fimilar one himfelf. Molina’s defcrip- tion feems alfo to have mifled Mr. Latham, who, in his Index Ornithologicus, has defcribed the Condor as having the back white inftead of black. In Mr. Kerr's tranflation of Gmelin’s edition of the Syftema Nature, the felf- fame miftake is again repeated: fo widely does an error once received fpread its contagion thro’ fucceeding pages. I muft add, that in all thefe defcrip- tions the tail is exprefsly faid to be fmall; which, on the contrary, is ra- ther large in proportion to the bird. PARADISEA (162 Pie Dt So Ak eS OG PA GCHAR A Clb Rh Ge NE RT Cus. Rostrum capiftri plumis tomentofis tectum. Penn& hypochondriorum longiores (plerifque.) Recrrices duz fuperiores fingulares denudate. CPA RA CCE RS SPEGIBIGCUS,. &c. Paradifea caftaneo-purpurea, fubtus albida, fafcia pectorali viridi-aurea, rec- tricibus duabus intermediis filiformibus, apice lunato-pennaceis. Lath. ind. orn. p. 149. Rex avium paradifaearum. Pet. Gaz. 1. f. £3. Clus. exot. 362. Manucodiata minor. Bri/s. av. 2. p. 136. f. 13. f. 2. Avis regia, feu Paradifiaca minor Amboinenfis. Seb. Mus. 1. t. 38. f. 6. | genere Paradifeo continentur aves quarum eleganti forma decus addunt colores venuftiffimi. Paradifeam communem feu caftaneam (que Paradifea apoda Linnzi) in hoc opere non ita pridem depinximus. Speciem jam per- gimus defcribere hac longe rariorem, quae vix alauda major, in infulis multis Indicis generatur. Color generalis eft pulcherrime rubro-ferrugineus, non fine fummo nitore. Ducitur per pectus fafcia lata viroris adeo graminei, ut fa- turatiorem et fulgentiorem non jactent ipforum trochilorum pluma. Eodem quoque ( 8) quoque colore decorantur apices nonnullarum pennarum ab hypochondriis prodeuntium ; nec non pennarum iftarum nudarum ab uropygio crefcentium extremitates plumatz, et quafi fpire in modum contorte. Ingenio longe differt perpulchra hac avis a fpecie communi, qua cater- vatim, ut plurimum, volare folet: folitudinis enim amans raro fibi adjungit comitem. Vefci dicitur przcipue majoribus papilionibus, more reliquorum congenerum. THE. imr WU AUS Pry re m DAL oL ub QU F.- um jum "Wu y repeti rome icd seyn rd Inm " | ‘ j AS ! Deny Healy wr. JH 35. MEM lh ft ^ RES T M inf MO ht n." E ieee ATIS S. WE Eun i 2 ON, Riley ded. OEY Mee woul é PARADISIEA IRIE GIA KING PARADISE TRJUR DD Published as the Act directs March ti7o5 by LParkinsenLeerian Masian (. v ) THE ROYAL PARADTFSE-BIKREP GENERIG € HARA CIE R. Brit furrounded at the bafe by velvet-like feathers. Hypochondrial feathers (in moft fpecies) long and loofe. Two naked fhafts proceeding from the rump. SPEC BEPC’ CEARL OPER. &c: Ferruginous Paradife-bird, whitifh beneath, with a golden-green band acrofs the breaft; the two intermediate tail-feathers filiform, with lunated fea- thery tips. Roi des Oifeaux de Paradis. Son. Voy. p. 156. 4. 95. King of the greater Birds of Paradife. Edw. /. 111. Le Manucode, Buff. 3. p. 163. jd fplendid genus Paradifea contains birds in the higheft degree beau- tiful in point of color, as well as fingular in point of appearance. The common or chefnut-colored Paradife-Bird has already been figured in the pre- fent work. That now reprefented is a fmaller fpecies, viz. about the fize of a lark. It is a native of many of the Faft Indian iflands, and is con- fidered as a much rarer fpecies than the former. Its general color is a very rich red-ferruginous, accompanied by the higheft degree of glofly luftre ; Vor. II. c while (Cie J while acrofs the breaft runs a broad band of the brighteft grafs-green, of fo vivid an appearance as to equal the varying fplendor difplayed in the colors of fome of the Humming-birds: The extremities of fome of the hypochon- drialor fide-feathers are alfo of a fimilar appearance; and the two naked or fhaft-feathers, which fpring from above the tail, are ornamented at the ends with a circular or fomewhat fpirally-turned and plumed web of the fame rich color as the feathers before-defcribed. 'This beautiful bird is faid to differ confiderably in its manners from the common Paradife-bird, which is often feen flying in flocks: this, on the contrary, is of a more folitary nature, and is commonly obferved fingle. Like others of its genus it. is fuppofed to feed principally on the larger butterflies, BRADYPUS BR AY. P US ER LDA Cul Y LU: CHARACTER GENERICWUS. Dentes Primores nulli utrinque. ; Lawianrr obtufi, folitarii, molaribus longiores, occurfantes. Moranzs utrinque quinque, obtufi. Corpus pilis tectum. Lin. Syfi. Nat. p. 5o. CHARACTER SPECIPICUS,:/G&c. Bradypus pedibus omnibus tridactylis. Bradypus tridactylus. Vivarium Nature. tab. 5. Bradypus pedibus tridactylis, cauda brevi. Lin. S$yf. Nat. p. $0. Ignavus. Clus. exot. p. 372. figs p. 373- Tardigradus pedibus anticis et pofticis tridactylis. Bri/s. quad. p. 21. Ai Ball Eb. Nat. 13. 2. Jat. 5s. 6. RADYPUM tridactylum, quadrupedum omnium tardiffimum, toties de- {cripferunt phyfici, ut de eo fpeciatim differere fere fupervacaneum vi- deatur. Cum tamen ipfum vivum animal in natalibus regionibus examinaverit Pifo, audiant eum velim lectores, qui certe, fi quis alius, quicquid bradypo proprium et peculiare fit, optime novit. (eno «© Mediocris (Cas oy ** Mediocris canis eft magnitudine, roftro ad afpectum foedo, et perpetua faliva madido, cauda admodum brevi; unguibus ad digitorum fimilitudinem prominentibus, tenaciter adeo tenet quicquid apprehendit, ut pendens dormiat fecure, quia a junctura pedis cum tibia tres nervi folidiffimi, ad quemlibet unguem unus intentus tendit, quibus ungues incurvare, et validiffime fe fuf- tentare poteft. Corio eft folidiffimo et tenaci. "Totum corpus prolixis et mollibus pilis cinerei coloris eft veftitum, et ex occipitio coma cervicem ve- lat jubarum inftar, lentoque ipfa ventris adipe verrit humum, nec unquam in pedes exfurgit, etiamfi quzdam imagines id videntur exprimere. Non bibit, victitat arborum foliis, et in earum cacuminibus degit plerumque: qua- rum in afcenfu biduum circiter, tantumdem in defcenfu ponit. Neque vero adhortationibus tantum aut minis fed ne plagis quidem fuftibufve, beftiam vel tantillum de infita ignavia ac tarditate dimoveas.”’ THE TRA TN m V) ATA é eae " TUE han? Pi d id PST Arp uh UM. rd thy he Pye mis my 1 TUM qua geh AN, Wb [| PIA in i^y x E Pa Wu ML ‘ 5 oP mavens "i f 20 Ws -" a ae AP "d M Urt i J a V Fetish lass auth "Hil, Q'LS — dO, - WEE WH SIILAJLIPWADESENI — S DAR V S E rr E PH Be TH Ree aT OED Seo TH. GENRE G:C HACK CILE R: No Curtinc-Teetu in either jaw. Canine Teetu obtufe, fingle, longer than the grinders, placed oppofite. Fore-Lecs much longer than the hind; Claws very long. SPECTPRCOCIDARXCTHER, Gc. Sloth with three claws on all the feet. Three-Toed Sloth. — Nazural/f s Mifcellany. pl. s. Three-Toed Sloth. Penn. Hifl. Quad. 2. p. 240. I Ado Baye Fife Nat.or3e 44. d 4.6. HE three-toed Sloth, a quadruped diftinguifhed above all others by the extreme flownefs of its motions, has fo often been defcribed by writers on natural hiftory, that a peculiar enumeration of its qualities might fcem, in a great degree, unneceflary. The account however given by Pifo, who examined the living animal in its native regions, may not be unacceptable to thofe who might wifh for the moft authentic information relative to fo extraordinary a creature. It is of the fize (fays Pifo) of a middling dog, with an unpleafant look- ing fnout, which is conftantly wet with faliva: the tail is very fhort; the claws (te) claws projecting in the manner of fingers, with which it fo tenacioufly holds whatever it faftens upon as to be able to fleep fecurely in this hanging pof- ture; three extremely {trong tendons paífing from the juncture of the foot with the tibia, each going to its refpective claw, by which means it is thus enabled to fupport itfelf. The fkin is very ftout and tenacious; the whole body is covered with long, foft, afh-coloured hair, and from the hind part of the head grows a kind of long hair, covering the neck in the manner of a mane. In crawling it trails along the ground with its belly, and never rifes up on its feet, tho’ fome figures feem fo to reprefent it. It never drinks ; lives on the leaves of trees, and commonly refides on their tops; employ- ing about two days in climbing up, and as many in defcending; nor can it be made in the leaft to quicken its pace, or conquer its natural fluggifh- nefs, by any incitements, threats, or even ftripes or blows. PSITTACUS BS Toe CU Shea GNLELEC US CHAR AC IVE.R GENERIC US, Rostrum aduncum; mandibula fuperiore mobili; cera inftructa. Nares in roftri bafi. Lincua carnofa, obtufa, integra. Pepes fcanforii. Lin. Syf. Nat. p. 139. CHAR AG TE. Re SCBEDCOER rel Coursey Gc Pfittacus brachyurus fubcriftatus niger, fronte humerifque gilvo punctatis, cauda medio rubra nigro fafciata. Vivarium Nature. tom. 1. t. 50. Pfittacus Bankfii. Lath. ind. orn. p. 106. A. M huic adultz et fatis plumate denegari non debet locus inter pfit- tacini generis fpecies venuftiffimas. Sapius tamen accidit, ut multa fit colorum variatio. Caudam nempe mediam in nonnullis fpeciminibus per- currit fafcia latiffima aurantio-rubra, ipfa virgis plurimis nigris notata, quae in aliis eft intemerati ruboris, fine ullo virgarum nigrarum veftigio. Exftat quoque varietas adeo ambigua ut dubitari merito poffit annon revera diverfa fit fpecies, cujus media cauda colore tantum eft melino, punctis nigris in- zqualibus creberrime irrorato; quem avem ipfe defcripfi in Nature Vivario, titulo, um S titulo pfttaci funere. Figura noftra pfittacum magnificum feu Bank/ianum of- tendit integerrimas habentem fumme pulchritudinis notas, caudam nempe au- rantio-rubram non fine fafciis nigris. In Auftralia detecta erat haec fpecies, quum orbem antarcticum primo petiit folertiffimus ille nature indagator, Jofephus Bankfius. A DEDE: ji VAM nés i , e Ae j [ UA NEUE hs b finas AU Ja t ‘ ies vi Sea M AA D UN ere Wi , uh [Af » (um SEM hi, i i ve » i UNE * BY : eA NS "EU D. BS i hi ' NC E) SUL T P ' M RP! o4 fo MPO, M S) 1 ty KW j ET VAN oes eat ; m j NAM yap ee oy ‘Wide LEN AN VN j a ] 1 ^ n J ea , M, y m ae i LAS v. eM i MY » ^ M: As ' # "E Wie ^u um i wo COPAIN OOM | KSIAN COCKA BAN] THE THE MAGNIFICENT. COCKATOO. GENERIC CHARACTER. Birt hooked; upper mandible moveable. NosrRiLs round, placed in the bafe of the bill. Toncue flefhy, broad, blunt at the end. Lecs fhort. Toes formed for climbing, viz. two forward and two back- ward. SPEGCLIFEICOCHARACIER; cc. Even-tailed Black Parrot, with the head fomewhat crefted, the front and fhoulders fpotted with buff; the middle of the tail red, croffed with black bars. The Bankfian Cockatoo. Lath. Synops. Suppl. p. 63. pl. 109. The Magnificent Cockatoo. Naturalif?s Mifcellany. pl. 50. HIS bird, when in full perfection, may be confidered as one of the moft auguft of its tribe: it is fubject however to much variation as to color: the tail, which in fome fpecimens is marked in the middle by a very broad band of bright orange-red, traverfed by numerous ftripes of black, is in others entirely of a vivid red in that part, without the leaft appearance of the black tranfverfe bars. There is alfo a variety fo highly fingular, as to make it doubtful whether it may not be really a diftin& fpecies; in which Vor. II. D the ( 81) ) the middle of the tail, inftead of the colors above defcribed, is of a pale dull yellow or ftraw-color, freckled all over with innumerable black irregular fpecks; in which ftate it is defcribed in the Naturalif’s Mifcellany, under the title of Pfittacus funereus. The prefent plate fhews the magnificent or Bank- fian Cockatoo in its moft beautiful ftate, in which the vivid crimfon of the tail is ornamented by the black fafcia. This fpecies was difcovered during the firft voyage of Sir Jofeph Banks to the Southern Hemifphere, and is a native of New Holland. VIVERRA VIVERRA LEVERIAN A. CHARACTER GENERICUS. Dentes Primores fex: intermediis brevioribus. Mo ares plures quam tres. Lincva retrorfum fepius aculeata. Uncues exferti, Lin. Syfl. Nat. p. 63. CHAR A Chek SPECEEICUS?&c: Viverra cinerea nigro maculata, cauda annulata, genis gulaque nigris, ma- cula utrinque fuboculari alba. REAM hanc, cum a generali fimilitudine nulla fuerit aberratio, ac- curate fatis defcripferunt Buffonus et alii auctores. Indiam incolit, et nonnullas Africae regiones. Coloris eft plerumque cinerei, ferrugineo leviter commifti; ftris tribus vel quatuor a poftica capitis parte fuper humeros per dorfum anticum decurrentibus. Inter fpecimen autem quod jam depinximus et reliqua pleraque adeo notabilis eft colorum difcrepantia, ut illud fpeciatim defcribere Pennanto vifum fit in hiftoria quadrupedum. Liceat igitur cele- berrimi phyfici verba lectoribus proferre. D 2 ** Speciminis, (eer) * Speciminis, quod in Mufeo Leveriano confpicitur, diverfa adeo a reli- quis eft facies, ut pleniori defcriptione videatur indigere. Utrinque ad na- fum macula alba; altera fub utroque oculo. Quod reliquum nafi eft cum genis gulaque nigrum. Aures permagne, erecta, rotundate, tenues, nude, nigra. Frons, latera. corporis, femora, uropygium, crurumque pars fuperior, cinerea. In dorfo funt plures pili longi, nigri. Super humeros, latera, et uropygium, fparfee funt varia macula nigra. Cauda ad apicem nigra, verfus bafin ferrugineo mifta, nigro leviter annulata, Pedes nigri, ungues albi." Satis tamen patet debere fpecimen, de quo jam agitur, infignem varietatem haberi; cumque Leverianam dicimus, uti volumus figno diftinctionis. Notan- dum praeterea eft, figuram quam effingi curavit Buffonus, non longe ab hac noftra recedere etiam in maculis. Feri ingenii eft hac Viverra, et egre man- fuefcit. In infula Madagafcaria praecipue generatur. THE AU "S NI 7. ! LM hi Y» AUN NU, E taa Db Uf "ME n PUES " NO TOT S olli | e RAM sime Hoo -a VAI tn VIVERRA ILIEVIERIAN.A THE LEVERIAN FOSSANE T HESMERBVERIANUCRBOSSZAN:B. GENERIC CHARACTER. Six cutting-teeth, and two canine teeth in each jaw. Sharp nofe: flender body. Five toes before: five behind. Pennant. SPECRELC.CILAR ACIER, Sc. Cinereous Weafel (Foffane), fpotted with black; with the tail annulated ; the cheeks and throat black; with a white fpot beneath cach cye. The Foffane Weafel. Var. Penn. Hifl. Quad. vol. 2* p. 76. ‘ 5 nea Foffane in its moft common or general ftate, has been long ago defcribed with fufficient exactnefs by the Count de Buffon, and other naturalifts. It is an inhabitant of the Eaft Indies and fome parts of Afri- ca. In its difpofition and manner of life it refembles moft others of the weafel tribe. It is commonly of a cinereous color, with fome flight mix- ture of a ferrugineous tint; and is. marked with three or four black ftreaks proceeding from the back part of the head, and running along the fhoul- ders over the fore-part of the back. The prefent fpecimen however varies fo much from the general appearance as to color, that Mr. Pennant in his Hiftory ( a } Hiftory of Quadrupeds has thought it neceffary to give a particular defcrip- tion of its markings. On this occafion therefore we cannot do better than quote the words of that eminent zoologift. ** The fpecimen in the Leverian Mufeum differred in fo many refpects that it is neceffary to give a full defcription of it, viz. A white fpot on each fide of the nofe, and another beneath each eye: the reft of the nofe, cheeks, and throat black: ears very: large, upright, rounded, thin, naked, and black: forehead, fides, thighs, rump, and upper part of the legs, cinereous: on the back are many long, black hairs: on the fhoulders, fides, and rump are difperfed fome black fpots: tail black towards the end, near the bafe, mixed with tawny, and flightly annulated with black: feet black: claws white.” It is obvious however that the fpecimen thus defcribed can be confidered in no other light than that of a remarkable variety; and we only mean, by giving it the title prefixed, to diftinguifh it in a more particular man- ner from the fame creature in its general or common appearance. We mutt alfo add; that the figure of the Foffane in the Count de Buffon’s Natural Hiftory of Quadrupeds feems to approach very nearly, even in its mark- ings, to that which we have now reprefented. The Foffane is an animal of a wild difpofition, and not cafily tamed, and is principally found in the ifland of Madagafcar. STRIX SrTETROLREU FATDI GUN OS KB. CHARACTER ,/GENERACHUS. Rostrum aduncum, abfque cera. Nanrs pennis fetaceis recumbentibus obtectz. Caput grande: auribus oculifque magnis. Lincua bifida. Lin. Syfl. Nat. p. 131. C HA RSAJCÓDOESRA SPECLE LEC WS) &c. Strix cinerco-fuliginofa, nigro irrorata, fubtus nebulofa, pennis circum - oculos concentrice lineatis. Strix cinereo-fuliginofa, nigro. tranfverfim lineata, fubtus albido cinereoque nebulofa, regione periophthalmica circulis concentricis nigris. Latb. ind. orn. p. 58. Strix capite cervice et tectricibus alarum fuliginofis, lineis fordide albis, pectore et abdomine albidis, maculis magnis oblongis obfcure fufcis. Lin. Syfl. Nat. Gwzr. p. 29r. — M M, —— c —— N pleroque hoc genere mirum in modum languefcit et quafi fatifcit color: hzc autem (ut et nomen vult,) omnium eft hactenus cognitarum obfcu- rifima. Color imus eft fufco-cinereus, punctis fufco-nigricantibus creber- rime irroratus; ita ut, fi parvo eam intervallo infpicias, fuliginofa videatur; fin propius, minime expers fit pulchritudinis: fingule enim penne fubni- gro et cinereo colore variantur, alis femoribufque fufco cinereoque pulcher- rime fafciatis. — Americae Septentrionalis partes frigidiores incolit hzc avis. THE THE FULIGINO US OWL, GE NER’) CCA A RASC TER. Bitt crooked ; without cere. Nosrrits covered with briftly feathers. Heap large: both ears and eyes very large. Towcvz bifid. Latham. SPECIERICOCIHA RAICUDER) &c. Dufky-cinereous Owl, freckled with black; clouded beneath; with the feathers round the eyes marked with numerous concentric circles. The Cinereous Owl. Lath. Synops. 1. p. 134. The Sooty Owl. Penn. Aric. Zoology. 2. p. 232. Wee prevails in moft of the birds of this genus a peculiar foftnefs and fobriety of color; but of all the fpecies yet known the prefent is of the deepeft caít; the general color of the whole bird being of a brown- ifh afh-color, very thickly fprinkled with fpecks of blackifh brown; fo that the bird, when viewed at fome diftance, appears of a fmoky tinge; but when clofely examined, the variegations are by no means deftitute of beauty; each individual feather being elegantly marked and fprinkled with blackifh and afh- color. 'The wings are barred or croffed with afh-color and brown, and the thighs elegantly barred with the fame colors. It is a native of the colder parts of North America. VIVERRA PReyley, del. pape STRIX WTLIGINOSA. THOR FULIGINOUS OWI, Pub as the 2 lel direcis Deed! 1795 by LParkansen Leverian Museurn . PEL + sania to rat ant tnt morus rubei E VE VOR RVR Sa NYAS? UPR: CHAR AC TER GENER ICUS. Dentes Primores fex: intermediis brevioribus. Moranzs plures quam tres. Lincua retrorfum fzpius aculeata. Uucvzs exferti. Lin. Syfl. Nat. f. 63. CHARA Ch ER SPECIFEEGHI/SS &c. Viverra rufa, cauda albo annulata. Lin. Syfl. Nat. p. 64. Viverra rufa, cauda albo annulata, nafo producto mobili. Lin. Syfl. Nat. Gwzr. p. 86. Goati mondi. AZ. Pare n-3 P. 32 5: 19- fe 37: Urfus nafo producto et mobili, cauda annulatim variegata. Brifs. Quadr. p. 19o. ON omnino inter phyficos confenfum eft quo in genere reponi debeat viverra za/ua. Urfis eam annumeravit Briffonus: fed ut in viverris ha- beatur, Linnzo placuit caterifque recentioribus. Et fatendum certe eft cha- racteres ejus viverree magis quam urfo convenire. Magnitudine faltem eft Vor. II. E felina ; ( 26 ) felina; colore communi cinereo-fufco, feu cinereo-fubrubro. Caudam lon- gam cingunt annuli nigri: infigne eft roftrum; longum fcilicet, flexile, et apicem habens quafi fuillum; cujus ope terram rimatur, lumbricos effodiens et radices. Praedatur quoque varia animalia; aves nempe et alia ejufmodi. In America auftrali primus eam defcripfiffe videtur Marcgravius in Hiftoria Brafilienfi. "Notandum eft pedum pofticorum cutim juxta calcem abire inter- dum in tubera quadam quafi cornea, longa fere quartam unciz partem, vel majora vel minora pro varietate fpeciminum. THE ed PN. Thy ih i eit etnias » s E mw pipi MN THE, BRAS ELTA NY’ W ASEM GENERIC CHARACTER: Six cutting-teeth, and ‘two canine teeth in each jaw. Sharp nofe: flender body. Five toes before: five behind. Pennant. SP HELE EC. GH A RAC T ER: .&e. Rufous-grey Weafel, with the tail annulated, and the fnout long and moveable. The Coati mondi. The Brafilian Weafel. : Penn. Quadr. 2. p. 61. j| p animal has been differently arranged by naturalifts. Briffon has placed it under the genus Urfus, or Bear, rather than that of Viverra. Its characters however furely approach much nearer to thofe of the latter than the former; and it has accordingly been confidered by Linnzus, and moft other fucceeding writers, as belonging to the weafel tribe. Its fize is at leaft equal to that of a cat. Its general colour is of a cinererous brown, or afh-colour, with a caft of reddifh. The tail, which is of very confider- able length, is annulated with diftin& circles of black. One of its moft R2 remarkable ( 28 ) remarkable characters is its long, flexible fnout, fomewhat truncated at the end. By the affiftance of this it turns up the earth in the manner of a hog, in queft of earth-worms, roots, &c. Like the polecat, it alfo preys on the fmaller quadrupeds, birds, &c. ‘This fpecies is a native of South-America, and feems to have been firft defcribed by Margrave, in his Hiftory of Bra- zil. There is a particularity fometimes obfervable in the hind-feet of this animal worthy of notice; viz. a kind of prolongation of the fkin at the back of the heel into feveral horny proceffes of about a quarter of an inch in length; and which are more vifible in fome fpecimens than in others. PSITTACUS fint PSpETAGUS AZIUNIB/UANUS CHARACTER! GENER E CAU S. Rostrum aduncum: mandibula fuperiore mobili; cera inftructa. Nares in roftri bafi. Lincvua carnofa, obtufa, integra. Pzpzs fcanforii. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 139. C HEA REA"CIEDE/RUI S PEOCDEEGUS 5&c. Pfittacus macrourus viridis, capite collo corporeque fubtus coccineis, fafcia alarum obliqua pallidore, cauda fufca. Pfittacus Tabuenfis. Lath. ind. orn. p. 18. UM pfittacum atropurpureum non ita pridem in hoc opere defcripfimus, fpeciem obiter notavimus ei adeo affinem, ut non revera diverfa, fed varietas tantum a quibufdam habita fit. Hanc igitur fpeciem, qua vix pul- chriorem jactat genus pfittacinum, in tabula depinximus. THE QE» THE TABUAN PARROT. GENERIC CHARACTER. Brit hooked; upper mandible moveable. NosrRiLs round, placed in the bafe of the bill. Toncue flefhy, broad, blunt at the end, Lecs fhort. Toes formed for climbing, viz. two forward and two back- ward. SPEC PF IC GHASNRBACILER; S6 Long-tailed Green Parrot, with the head, neck, and body beneath, fcarlet ; an oblique band of light-green acrofs the wings; the tail dufky. Tabuan Parrot. Lath. Synops. 1. p. 214. a the defcription of the Pfittacus atropurpureus, or Pompadour Parrot, in a former number of this work, I mentioned a fpecies to which it feemed very nearly allied, and of which it had fometimes been confidered as a variety. The fpecies then mentioned is reprefented in the prefent plate, and may juftly be confidered as one of the moft beautiful of the whole parrot tribe. SOREX m SUNY CURES del WSkelion c Ur PSI'TT'TACUS "TABUARUS THE TABUAN PARRO’'T Published as the Act directs LIE IN LF arkinsen Levertan Museu ( st ) SLO Bo Pek UU UBUXUCERO R LI BA CHARACTER GENERICUS, Denres Prrmores fuperiores duo longi. inferiores 2—4; intermediis brevioribus. Lawrang utrinque plures. Mo ares cufpidati. Rostrum productum, acuminatum. CHARACTER SPECIFICUS,.&c Sorex glaucus, fubtus pallidor, roftro acuminato, cauda pedibufque carneis. J. "1 arces omnino funt qui longe lateque diffufi ab animalibus et plan- tis exoriuntur potentiffimi odores. Notiffimi iftius excrementi quod in folliculo abdominali reperitur Mofchi mofchiferi tanta eft vis, ut quicquid vel leviter tetigerit odore imbuat non perituro: et experimentis fuis comprobavit celeberrimus Boylius quantum fpatii poffit una micula fuffiri. De a/a foetida feu flercore diaboli fupervacaneum prorfus effet differere. Quam longe polluat aera Viverre mepbitice Americane intolerabilis foetor, egre credant qui infan- dum iftum vaporem fuis nunquam hauferint naribus. Quicquid delibaverit animal quod in tabula depinximus, diu fapit id omne non omnino ingrata fed pollentia effluvia. Corrumpi vinum, quod fubere arctiffime inclufum pe- dibus (^32 dibus calcaverit afferit Pennantus, innixus ipfe auctoritate teftium oculatorum et fide digniffimorum. Non caret Sorex Pilorides vel formae vel colorum elegantia; pulchre fci- licit ceruleo-cinereus, fubtus pallidior, pedibus, cauda, et extremo nafo car- neis feu fubrofeis. Generatur in infulis Indicis, in Java precipue. Longus eft circiter octo uncias, cauda excepta, qua ipfa paulo tres uncias fuperat. THE 7 pu 1 , i mI owe | TN, NW S SW MISS c a E THE MUSK MOUSE. ( gee) aid Eee US" Kars Re Row G.ENIER E€uCH AAA C TE R. Two cutting teeth in each jaw, pointing forward. Long flender nofe: fmall ears. Five toes on each foot. Peunant. S"PEQ'ITJQC€.CIPAR A.G:T- EB Ryy-8&e. Glaucous Shrew, paler beneath, with fharp-pointed fnout, and flefh-colored tail and feet. 'The perfuming Shrew. Penn. Quadr. 2. p. 222. HE powerfully diffufive and penetrating odors which proceed from many animal and vegetable fubftances may be numbered amongft the miracles of nature. Thus the well-known fubftance, called by the title of mufk, which is a fecretion formed in a peculiar follicle, or cyft, fituated in the lower part of the abdomen of the Mofchus mofchiferus, or common mufk- animal, is of a nature fo extraordinary as to communicate a ftrong and laft- ing odor to fubftances which have been but flightly touched by it; and the experiments of Mr. Boyle have proved how large a fpace may be fcented by a fingle grain. The fmell of that extraordinary drug, called Afa foetida, is too familiarly known to be particularly infifted upon. The effluvia proceeding from the Mephitic Weafel of America are of fo horrible a nature as to taint Vor. Il. F the (59 J the circumambient atmofphere to a diftance too great to be conceived by thofe who have not experienced the vapor. The animal which forms the fubject of the prefent plate is among thofe creatures which poffefs an odor, not indeed difagreeable, but fo powerfully diffufive, and of fo penetrating a nature as to communicate a lafting perfume to every object which it comes in contact with. We are affured, on the authority of Mr. Pennant, from the moft unqueftioned teftimony of actual obfervers, that it has been known to render the wine in a well corked bottle not drinkable, merely by paffing over it and communicating to it its own mufky fmell. In its general appearance this animal is by no means unpleafing; pofleffing an elegance of fhape, as well as a confiderable beauty of color. It is about eight inches in length, exclufive of the tail, which is fomewhat more than three inches long. The color of the animal is a very fine blue-grey, fome- what paler beneath; while the feet, tail, and tip of the nofe, are of a light pink, or rofe-color. It is a native of the Eaft Indian iflands, and of Java in particular. MACROPUS ( 3820) MLOROPUS*Gre AN EU's, CHARACTER GENERICUS. Dentes Primores fuperiores fex, emarginati. Inferiores duo, validiffimi, acuminati, antrorfum porrecti. Moranzs utrinque 4—5, remoti. Pzpzs antici breviffimi; poftici longiffimi. ForrricurLvs abdominalis foeminz. 1 CHARACTER SPECIEFCUS,'&c. Macropus cauda fenfim attenuata. .Vivarinm Nature. 33. Didelphis gigantea. D : cauda longa crafia, pedibus pofticis triplo fere longioribus trida&ylis. a Lin. Sy. Nat. Gen. I. f. 109. Yerboa gigantea. Zimmerman. 526. : H^ fatis inter phyficos'convenit, nunc his nunc illis characteribus ni- ‘mis confifos,.qua in claffe quadrupedum reponi debeat mira hzc et anomala regionis antarétice proles. Si folliculum examinemus quem infig- nem in abdomine gerit femina, affentire poffumus Gmelinio, Schrebero, Pen- nanto, aliifque, quibus placuit Macropum inter D:pe/pbidas numerari. Si F 2 : vero KS vero in formam fitumque dentium inquiramus, hos inveniemus longe adeo diverfos a didelphidum dentibus, ut inter illas et macropum nulla poffit effe cognatio. Quod fi faciem folam habitumque externum contemplemur, ve- niet illico in mentem fpecies pregrandis Jeróce: cum crurum pofticorum cadem fit longitudo, eadem anticorum brevitas, cadem profiliendi peritia. Dentes tamen vix minus differunt a Jerboz quam a didelphidis dentibus. Ut verbo dicam, nihil vetat quin genus Macropo proprium et feparatum in- ftituamus, characteribus conveniens qui defcriptioni huic noftre prefiguntur. His igitur premiffis, maxima totius generis erit fpecies que in tabula de- pingitur; quaque, five formze, five celeritatis habeatur ratio, digna omnino eft quz. penitius examinetur. Quz in Europam hactenus illata funt fpeci- mina, magnitudine funt quafi ovina: at majora longe dicitur interdum in Auftralia confpici. Uno partu unum tantum pullum edere, ut plurimum, fertur Macropus. Hunc, more didelphidis, in folliculo cui eft in abdomine diu recondit, donec fcilicet pilo contectus in auras iterum excludatur; in idem latibulum fe ad libitum recipiens, ufque dum ztate provectior fuz pof- fit faluti confulere. Color adulto pallet pulchre cinereo-fufcus, fubalbentibus tum abdomine, tum artuum parte interiore. Mira omnino eft pedum con- formatio. Antici nempe unguibus quinque fere zqualibus inftruuntur: pof- tici uno validiffimo, maximo; duobus aliis minoribus; aliis dein duobus mi- nutiffinmis, in una eademque pelle arctius inclufis. Similis quodammodo eft avis pedi pes totus pofterior. Notandum porro eft et aliorum quadrupedum quos generat Auftralia, pedes pofticos ungue hoc quafi duplice muniri. Ve- getabilibus folis vefcitur Macropus, ingenio miti, fed admodum meticulofo, fugitque celerrime a venatoribus, faltibus longiffimis et continuatis vaftum fpatium conficiendo. Quod fidem non excedere fatis probat Jerboz com- munis agilitas, pedum decem, viginti immo etiam triginta longitudinem uno faltu fuperantis. At quo major Jerboa eft Macropus, eo plus habet roboris et nervorum: fupra enim diximus formaffe naturam. utraque hzc animalia fere eadem generali fimilitudine. Arrectum eum depingit tabula; quo cor- poris ("uw ) poris fitu fepiffime utitur, non tamen conftanter et perpetuo, ut falfo pu- tant nonnulli, qui certe vivum non fatis examinarunt. Graditur enim non raro quatuor pedibus, more reliquorum quadrupedum, quiefcitque erectus ; turbatus vero magno impetu continuifque faltibus fe folet in fugam reci- pere. THE ( Ts8E-) Jd EINE, KA NO GOU ORT © GENERIC CHARACTER. Six CurTING TrrrH in the uppermoft jaw, flightly emarginated. Two very ftrong SuanrrNEp. TzerH in the lower jaw, pointing forwards. Grinpers on each fide 4— 5, diftant from the other teeth. Fore Lecs very fhort; Hiwp Lecs very long. Female furnifhed with an abdominal pouch. S PAC PEC 'CIHJA.R;ACODEJR, uod Kanguroo, with tail gradually attenuated. Naturalis Mifcellany. pl. 33. Kanguroo Opoffum. Penn. Hifl. Quadr. ed. 3. vol. 2. p. 29. pl. 64. Kanguroo. Cooks Voyage. 3. 5577. pl. 20. HE Kanguroo, the moft extraordinary and ftriking animal which the Southern Hemifphere has yet exhibited to our view, may admit of be- ing differently arranged by fyftematic naturalifts. If we take into confider- ation the very remarkable particularity of the abdominal pouch with which the female is provided, we may, with Gmelin, Schreber, Pennant, and others, rank it in the genus Didelphis, or Opoffum: but if we advert to the form, ftructure, and fituation of the the teeth, we fhall find them fo totally dif- ferent from the animals of that geuus as to preclude all poffibility of an affociation (39. ) : affociation with the Didelpbides. In the mean time, if external form or ha- bit alone were to be regarded, we might confider the Kanguroo as a gigantic: kind of Ferboa, fince it has the fame length of hind-legs, the fame brevity of fore-legs, and the fame fpringing motions and fhape: yet the teeth are almoft as different from thofe of the ¥erboa as from thofe of the Opoffums In fact, we need not have the flighteft hefitation in forming for the Kanguroo a diftinct genus, with the characters above prefixed. The largeft animal then of the genus is that reprefented on the prefent plate. Its fize, fhape, and fwiftnefs, concur in rendering it a tryly curious and interefting quadruped. The fpecimens which have been commonly fent over to Europe have been equal in fize to a fheep; but far larger are faid to have been feen in its native regions. The Kanguroo is faid rarely to produce more than one young at a time. This, as in the Opoffom tribe, is preferved a long time in the abdominal pouch before it acquires its fur, and receives as it were a fecond birth; after which it takes refuge occafi- onally in the fame receptacle, till it is fufficiently advanced to be able to pro- vide for its own fafety. The color of the Kanguroo is a beautiful palifh afh-brown, lighter or whitifh on the abdomen and infide of the limbs. The form of the feet is fingular; the fore-feet being armed with five claws of nearly equal fize, while the hind-feet are furnifhed with one extremely large middle claw, two other fmaller, and two very {mall ones clofely united un- der one common fkin. It is alfo a fingular circumftance, that feveral other Auftralian quadrupeds have the fame kind of double interior toe on the hind feet. The whole afpect of the foot of the Kanguroo bears fome diftant re- femblance to that of a bird. The Kanguroo feeds only on vegetables, and is of a harmlefs nature, but is extremely wild and timid; bounding forwards with amazing celerity, by repeated fprings of a great many feet at a time, fo as eafily to efcape purfuit. This is what may well be imagined, if we confider the diftance to which even the common ¥eréva is faid to fpring, viz. ten, twenty, or thirty feet: it may furely then be granted, that an ani- mal E 47] mal fo much larger, and formed on the fame general plan, muft be capable of exerting the moft aftonifhing force, combined with the greateft celerity in its progrefs. It may not be improper in this place, to rectify an error which feems to prevail with thofe who have not had an opportunity of examining the Kan- guroo in a living ftate, viz. that it always appears in that erect attitude in which.it is commonly reprefented. On the contrary, this is only one of its moft general attitudes; and it frequently moves like other quadrupeds on all its legs, and at pleafure alters its pofition and refts again in its upright pofture; and when difturbed, or purfued, confults its fafety by fpringing. LEMUR ( 41 ) De eee Mig UY Baa M Te, AS CHARACTER GENERICUS. Denres Prrmores fuperiores quatuor: intermediis remotis. IxrznroRzs fex : longiores, porrecti, compreffi, paralleli, approximati. Lawrani folitarii, approximati. Moranzs plures, fublobati ; antici longiores, acutiores. Lin, Syf. Nat. p. 44. CEIPARAG- ER SPHECIEICU :S;.&c Lemur caudatus, ferrugineo-cinereus, cauda albo nigroque annulata. Profimia cinerea, cauda cincta annulis alternatim albis et nigris. Brif. Quadr. p. 222. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 45. Lemur caudatus, cauda albo nigroque annulata. RASTAT Lemur Catta reliquis fpeciebus lemurini generis, feu forme elegantiam fpectes feu agilitatem corporis. Motu incedit levi, ludibundo, et quafi felino; habetque fimiarum jocofam, fed non improbam, alacritatem. Generant eum infule Indice, Madagafcaria pracipue. Color illi generalis eft pulchre grifeo-fufcus, cui immifcetur paululum ferruginei. Abdomen albet. Vor. II. G Cauda ( 42 ) Cauda prelonga, albo nigroque pulcherrime annulata. Oculi permagni et pro- minentes, iride aureo-fulva, circulis cinguntur nigris, qui frontem plerumque co- euntes percurrunt in nafum. Facies elongata et acuta. Pius huic, ut et aliis lemuribus, delicatulus eft, molliffimus, et fuberectus, adeo ut magnitudo animalis, qua, ut plurimum, quafi felina eft, videatur paululum augeri — Catervatim in fylvis incedere dicuntur lemures, fructus quarentes, ipfaque etiam animalia mi- nora praedantes. THE m EAR A hi j| no MI hee "LT E. ur oi ins j uU MAC ns ome e à Tin TN rab SR I N'WUT umi | NP wee v Pa Et n o ett ‘ (ei au "UN h "m "N ^ D "A hy Mo N Nn Du q ATENOAT MPA] ni T rh Di ed n ! M: à Ludi Ve, ( 43 ) THE RING-TAILED MACAUCO. GENERIC CHARACTER. Six CurTiNG-TzTH and two CaxixE-TzzTH in each jaw. VisaGE commonly fharp-pointed. Feer formed like hands, in the manner of apes. SPECTBERCTGIFARACTER.I:XEc Ferruginous-grey Lemur, with very long tail, annulated with black and white. The Ring-tailed Macauco. Penn. Quadr, ed. 3. 1. p. 130. Le Mococo. Buff. 13. 173. pi. 22. The Maucauco. Edw. pl. 197. HE peculiar elegance of its appearance, and fprightly agility of this animal, give it a decided fuperiority over every other fpecies of this genus. Ever active, lively, and playful, it equals even the cat in the lightnefs of its motions, and the cleanlinefs of its difpofition ; and has the vivacity of the monkey tribe, without any of their mifchievous and difagreeable qualities. It is a Native of the Indian iflands, but is principally found in Madagafcar. Its general color is a beautiful greyifh-brown, with a flight tinge of reddifh : the G 2 abdomen C 44. ) abdomen is white: the tail very long, and beautifully annulated with numerous diftin& circles of black and white: the eyes are very large and prominent, and the irides are bright golden-orange: they are furrounded by a circle of black, which commonly unites in front, and paffes down the nofe: the vifage is long and fharp: the fur, as in others of this genus, is extremely foft, and grows ina fuberect manner, fo as to give the animal a larger appearance than it would otherwife have: its general fize is that of a middling cat. Thefe animals in their native ftate are faid to affociate in troops, and wan- der about the woods in queft of fruits, and even the fmaller animals. In the ftru&ure of the feet the Macaucos refemble the Simia. LOXIA (m) EL OVI Rok? G^ U^ EUS. CHARACTER GENERICUS e Rostrum conico-gibbum, frontis bafi rotundatum verfus caput: mandibula inferior margine laterali inflexa. Nares in bafi roftri. Liwcva integra. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 299. €———— CIARACTER^SPECIERCU S Loxia nigra, macula alarum alba, occipite fubcriftato coccineo. NTER rarifimas fui generis reponitur hzc avicula, jam primo depicta. De patria nihil pro certo exploratum eft. Si avem uno afpe&u intueamur, prope accedit ad fimilitudinem Loxie craffroffris Latbami, nifi quod huic noftrz occiput fafcia lata, tranfverfa, coccinea, et quafi fubcriftata decoretur. Verifimile igitur videtur diverfam effe fpeciem a Loxia craffiroftri, nifi forte malint non- nulli marem effe foemine quam defcripfit Lathamus, THE ( 46 ) THE CRIMSON-CRESTED GROSSBEAK. GENERIC CHARACTER. Biit ftrong, thick, and convex. NosTRiLs {mall. ToncveE truncated. SPECIFIC CILIARAC-I' ER. Black Grofsbeak with 2 white fpot on the wings, and a crimfon creft-like band on the hind-head. HIS bird, of which the native country is not certainly known, has never yet been figured, and may be confidered as one of the rareít of its ge- nus. lt approaches very near to the Loxia crafüroítris of Mr. Latham, but differs in having on the hind part of the head a very remarkable creít-like zone, or broad traníverfe band, of the richeft crimfon. It is therefore ex- tremely probable, that it is a diftinct fpecies from the Loxia craffiroftris, (unlefs it fhould, perhaps, be rather confidered as the male of that fpecies.) LOXIA 2 ‘e ; he a We Se 2 z | (| R [T] LOX GU n TH! SMS ON. CRIE S1 UOSSTISTUNK Tee SPOT THD SIDED GROSSBEAK * : te » j 3 : NE b v » * i , 2. . / : Y : / ) , j^ d » 1 4 4. n+ E , y * 7 x j) ] f : - w x "wm I - 4 "ide E S j " ] 2; vig E " ( Fe ed N c , ' * * "s " à i X " ' : i t atts A 3 * . T4 he, ; ET ! ] T ^ E ' " . y | r UE ‘ x 3 m É E * P = - : y ] à 1 * N - i 2, NER Fly ; ts uU "m x. : J ul S . "ae = . : : ' MIT - ; E B , ; be hay E "» , " ' » j ^ VE. - ’ Bos " * ! Qe. : ‘ = E eu E y . 1 - E . s (Com 7) LX NOCERE Ph AN GW CTUT SAD Te A CoE ASRACC SOE Rs) G E-NSE;R. T CU. S. Rostrum conico-gibbum, frontis bafi rotundatum verfus caput: mandibula inferior margine laterali inflexa. Nares in bafi roftri. LiNcva integra. Lin. Syft. Nat. p. 29g. EHULIDAROACIIERaGSPIERCIEICU. S. Loxia fufca, pectore nigro, roftro uropygioque rubris, lateribus corporis nigris albo maculatis. ELL hujus avicule, nunquam fortaffe antea — depicts, veram magnitu- dinem in tabulam tranftulimus ab eximio fpecimine quod fuppeditavit Mufeum Leverianum. Auftraliam incolit, et inter pulcherrimas fui generis jure numeratur, THE ( 48 ) THE SPOTTED-SIDED GROSSBEAK. GENERTC (CHARA CATER. Brit ftrong, thick, and convex. Nostrits {mall. TonGveE truncated. SPECIFIC CHARACTER: Brown Grofsbeak with black breaft, red bill and rump; the fides of the body black fpotted with white. HIS beautiful little bird, which the plate reprefents in its natural fize, has perhaps never before been figured. It is engraved from a fine fpe- cimen in the Leverian Mufeum, and may juftly be confidered as one of the moft elegant of its tribe. It is a native of New Holland. Sha pe raion 3 : ] 3 ak Y » i E a $5 C3 » d FIM A J n ABA : zT. o * Uus ul PETALA DLE id r i Riggs $ Ly MMAR EE Ly. Nol teres ok ego de RR 3 or, Pe fos ae dor "HN AEn SMS ; spent re TE ROLA a c yx ud dies ithe i E EET eme. ic i : à st d ^ " ) P A s x d 2 33 a SE AM L JE v cam A IUS A dol vub n» 7, ] > ri } - B i * af w FA (1 : na» Nu. ot 5 tace KE ! | 4 Lgs p» : ! o d AA" pe LA roy Ec TO MM TET "m DIOE vua ioo » B A Vasto HP dta Hop dw ‘Walleye chr v ee amen icd 20e Ve d ts d^ DE pom TN i BE decis hok ERN M nc MUN + ty enh a ) » E] * " À ' a, ee : ; | Ww * 5 Al y - "ns , 7 Li - i} A. L ; ü ' a 22 4 1 II ^ he , = qu >a! 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