MOGICAL SOCLETY
OF ONTARLO

& Medical

«Msial MAY, 1913,

NTOMOLOGIGAL

eH

I
Volt ocx Vv. SaNew 5.
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Titian Ramsey Peale (1800-1885).
PHILIP P. CALVERT, Ph.D., Editor.
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ENT. NEws, VoL. XXIV. Plate VII.

j

ae

APANTESIS, 1-6, PHYCIODES, 7, 8.—BREHME.

ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS

PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION

ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.

VoL. XXIV.

MAY, 1913.

No. 5.

CONTENTS:

Brehme—A Note on Apantesis anna
and persephone (Lepid.)......-..- 193

| Use of Ants in Punishments (Hym.)... 226

Skinner—To Collect Lepidopterous
Brehme—A New Aberration in Phycio- ENTERS cee aun eeccopasSscseSa sce 226
GSS (Lat) ee eae Tg4Ge PE AItOLI Alea danse c= toe ian ee == pote oats 227
Girault—Fragments on North Ameri- Johannsen—Macrobrachius in America
can Insects—IV. (Col... Lep., Hym.) 195 GDR a esbdnos ss boctisd tose ee 228
Rowley and Berry—Last Year’s Work Herms—Pacific Slope Association of
with Catocalae and other Lepidop- Economic Entomologists.......... 228
UBTE. - 26a 36d ESR AR oD poeene 197 | Society for the advancement of Forest
Ellis—Seven New North American Entomology in America........... 229
Bees of the Genus Halictus (Hym.) 205 | Skinner—Notes on Lycaena aymntula,
Girault—A Twelfth New Genus of monica and tejua (Lep.).........- 230
Hymenoptera Trichogrammatidae | Cuisinier—International Exposition of
SPST ATISEIALIA. occ ccescsossc0s% 211 Ornithology, Entomology and Bot-
Girault—Standards of the Number of FOTN pac one {abe O SS HOB OCS on Deo On ILE 231
Eggs laid by Spiders—II..-......... 213 Green—On the Humming of Chirono-
Aldrich—Collecting Notes from the rift ates (Die JP acga- ae scncn 2 Soacer 232
Great Basin and Adjoining Terri- Entomological Literature.....-......-- 232
a COT Ee 67 2 ee 214 Doings of Societies ......,..-.ccaccoses 238
Bird—The Appearance of an Unexpec- Obituary—L. E. Ricksecker........... 239
ted Noctuid on the Atlantic Sea-
(ETE (Cha G be a 222 |

A Note on Apantesis anna and persephone (Lepid.).
By Herman H. BreHME, Newark, N. J.
(Plate VII, figs. 1-6.)

Arctia anna and persephone were described by Grote from
a single female and a single male respectively. It has long
been known that these names apply to forms of one species.
A. anna is the less common form with wholly black hind wings
and has been said by collectors to have no male. A. perse-
phone is usually represented in collections by the forms having
yellow hind wings with a broad black margin and a black dis-
cal lunule joined sometimes to the marginal band. This form
occurs commonly in both sexes (Plate VII, Figs. 1 and 2). But
with it are usually associated males of a form having the mar-
ginal band joined to the base of the wing by black bars on the
costal and near the inner margins of the wing, and the yellow
space left is sometimes almost completely filled in with black.
The form with considerable yellow on the disk of the wing
is, however, the one that Grote had before him when he named

193

194 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ May, ’13

persephone. Since, as above mentioned, both sexes of the
yellow form occur, it is fair to assume that the blacker form is
the male of amna. Indeed, as is shown by the extreme form
of persephone (Fig. 5), there seems to be little doubt that oc-
casionally males with wholly black wings do occur. In Fig. 3
is shown a specimen of typical persephone. From it will be
seen the gradation into typical anna.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE VII.
Fig. 1 Apantesis anna, yellow form male.
Fig. 2 Apantesis anna, yellow form female.
Fig. 3 Apantesis anna v. persephone, typical male.
Figs. 4 and 5 Apantesis, intermediates between persephone and anna,
males.

Fig. 6 Apantesis anna, typical female.

A new Aberration in Phyciodes (Lepid.).

By Herman H. BreuMe, Newark, New Jersey.
(Plate VII, figs. 7 and 8.)
Phyciodes picta Edw. ab. jemezensis n. ab.

Above: Primaries black; three small fulvous spots in the discal cell;
an outer row of six pale spots, the last two of which are fulvous and
rather obscure; this row of spots is succeeded by a broken shade line
of a yellow color which in the normal form of picta is almost absent.
Secondaries also black, with an angular, rather broad fulvous band
crossing the wing about one-third out. The band originates a little be-
low the costa and extends only to a little below the cubital vein. An
outer row of three or four very faint fulvous spots followed by an
equally obscure whitish shade line more pronounced near the inner
margin. Fringes of both wings as the normal form. Beneath as in
normal specimens, but the black markings of the primaries are more
suffused and the fulvous spots form a continuous band passing through
the center of the wing. Two rather small brown spots which are not

present in normal specimens are near the center of the yellow hind
wings.

Type.—One male in the collection of the author.

Habitat—Jemez Springs, New Mexico, June 21, 1912.

This handsome aberration was bred by Mr. John Woodgate
along with numbers of the typical form.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE VII.
Fig. 7. Upper side, Fig. 8. Under side, of Phyciodes picta, n. ab.
jemezensis.

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 195

Fragments on North American Insects—IV.

By A. A. Grrautt, Nelson (Cairns), North Queensland,
Australia.

1. Duration of the Pupal Stadium of Lucanus placidus (Col.)

A nearly grown grub of this beetle was found just under the
surface of the ground at the base of a stump at Blacksburg,
Virginia, July 10, 1902. It was suitably confined, formed the
prepupa about August I, pupated on August 3 and became adult
not until the sixth of October. It was not fed and died on Oc-
tober 21.

2. Asymmetry in Telea polyphemus Cramer (Lep.)

Two hundred and thirty-five eggs were deposited by a fe-
male of this species captured August 7, 1902, at Blacksburg,
Virginia. A full-grown caterpillar taken from an oak tree on
August 26 had the spiracle on the left side of the eighth ab-
dominal segment missing, being replaced by a wartlike protub-
erance. Also, on the same side of the meson, in the lateral as-
pect, there were only seven of the oblique yellow stripes pres-
ent, while eight were on the opposite side; the missing stripe
was correlated with the missing spiracle; to complete the sym-
metry there should have been a stripe on the eighth abdominal
segment. This caterpillar appeared to be parasitized, since
there were present also several black-rimmed holes on one of the
thoracic segments.

3. Duration of Egg Stage of Prionoxystus robiniae (Lep.).

Nine eggs deposited by a female captured at light, late P. M., June
2, 1902, hatched late P. M., June 17, 1902, or after about fifteen days.
The larvae refused foliage of all kinds, but accepted twigs of locust.
Blacksburg, Virginia.

4. Epargyreus tityrus (Lep.)

The caterpillars of this butterfly were very abundant at An-
napolis, Maryland, during the latter part of September, 1902,
on locust. They live singly in a cocoon-like shelter formed by
tying together two leaves. When feeding they leave the shel-
ter and this is usually done at night, though in the day an oc-
casional larva may be seen crawling about. From several lar-

196 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ May, ’13

vae confined on September 25, three chrysalids were obtained
two days later. The adults did not issue until the following
June. Pupation occurs within the larval shelter.

5. Pentilia misella (Col.)

Pupae of this minute ladybeetle formed October 28, 1902, emerged
November 19, 1902, at Salem, Virginia. About October 20, 1902, larvae
were still numerous, but all had practically disappeared by the first
of November.

6. Nadata gibbosa (Lep.)
A caterpillar of this species was obtained at Blacksburg, Virginia,
June 23, 1902, from the trunk of an oak; it molted on June 30, losing
the anal loop of yellow. On July 2 it commenced to construct a cocoon,

completing it on July 4; July 6, pupa present; July 16, the adult
emerged.

In the penultimate stadium the caterpillar is smooth and pale bluish
green with red spiracles, large, prominent, broad, grayish head and a
loop of yellow around the caudal margin of the anal shield. Also a
few pale longitudinal stripes along the dorsum. A larva obtained
crawling over the ground August 13, 1902, made a cocoon on August
15 and the chrysalid was formed on August 18. The pupa hibernated.

7. Coleoptera Reared from Bullet Galls, Holcaspis.

During early March, 1903, at Blacksburg, Virginia, a small
number of the old, vacated galls of several species of Holcaspis
from oaks were kept in confinement with the result that several
insects were obtained from them. On June 13, the lot was ex-
amined. The beetle Otidocephalus laevicollis Horn, as identi-
fied by Schwarz, was obtained in six instances. Two had al-
ready emerged, while four others were found when the galls
were opened; they were within the larval case of the cynipid,
the exit-hole of which was plugged with frass. The larvae of
this beetle probably feed upon the substance of the gall, using
the larval case of the cynipid for pupation. A single adult of
Hypothenemus dissimilis and three of Hemuiptychus castaneus
were also obtained. These were likewise identified by Schwarz.

8. Polynema psecas Girault (Hymen.)
I have a single additional female specimen of this rather
rare Mymarid captured in turf at Urbana, Illinois, April 22,

1909 (J. D. Hood). The second funicle joint was wholly
black like the joints following it.

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 197

9. A New Locality for Polynema consobrinus Girault (Hymen.).
Mr. R. L. Webster has also sent me a single male specimen

of this species on a slide labelled “On leaves of Ptelea trifoli-
ata, associated with Empoasca flavescens, Ames, Iowa, July
15, 1911.” He suggests that it may be parasitic upon the eggs
of the Empoasca; the suggestion is probably true.

Last Year’s Work with Catocalae and other
Lepidoptera.
By R. R. Rowtey and L. Berry, Louisiana, Missouri.

As in the previous spring, the eggs of Catocalae were kept
cool till a supply of young leaves was ready for the hatch-
lings, and the earliest larvae were those of imnubens that
emerged on the 5th of May, followed on the 7th by those of
both retecta and luciana.

May 12th, a larva of C. luciana, feeding on willow and five
days old, having hatched May 7th,

was nearly one-half an inch long, brown along the side, indistinctly
striped longitudinally with lighter. Dorsum light with mid-longi-
tudinal white or cream-colored band or stripe. Head a little flattened
above, light brown or chestnut. The two hind prolegs only full length,
the two pairs in front being short and unused, the front pair the short-
est.

The larvae before the first moult is dirty ground color with a tinge
of green. Head large and bright chestnut color.

May 18th, larva of C. luciana three-fourths of an inch long, tan or
light brown with a flattened head like that of cara having a lateral
black dash from the center above to the mouth. Inside of the dashes
the color is brighter than that of the body. Dorsum lighter than the
body color. A slight hump over the third pair of prolegs in a black
cross band or patch as in cara. The 8th dorsal pair of tubercles
stronger than the rest and black laterally. The mid-dorsal line quite
yellow. The larva described was nearly an inch long. Others of a sec-
ond lot but half an inch long and light brown.

May 23rd. The larvae of /uciana one and one-fourth to one and one-
half inches long, light brown. The head as in cara, flat and with lateral
black dash or streak and inner elongate ellipses, two in number sur-
rounded by narrow black. The true legs are a little lighter than the
body color. The hump over the third abdominal prolegs is low, deeper
brown with yellow crest. The tubercles are reddish brown. The last

198 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ May, ’13

two pairs of prolegs are very light, almost cream color, outside flanked
by very dark brown.

On May 26th larvae of Catocala luciana after 4th (?) moult, some-
what lighter color than before the moult, but taking on a grayish tinge,
a day or two later. The hump over the third pair of prolegs red brown,
Head, the same color. Lateral setae short but thick. The larvae at this
time were nearly two inches long.

May 20th. Grown larvae of Catocala luciana two and one-half inches
long, light brown, with a reddish tint. Tubercles deeper red brown.
Head, as in cara with yellow lobes above and a lateral brown facial
dash. The true legs, body color. Prolegs slightly browner. The body
indistinctly lined longitudinally. Lateral setae very short.

There are two colors that prevailed among the larvae, one
light reddish brown and the other slightly bluer or with a
leaden tint.

It is proper to state in this connection that the chrysalids
from these larvae gave two types of imagoes, possibly distinct
specifically. The eggs were laid by two females and sent to
the senior author, the autumn before, from Denver, Colorado.

At the time the senior author visited the locality on the
Platte River and took numbers of the moths under the wagon
bridge over that stream, none other than /uciana were seen
among the scores that were frightened from their hiding
places. -It was hardly more than a week from that time that
Mr. Dulany obtained the females that laid the eggs mentioned
above.

On June Ist there is this record on /uciana. Larvae very
light gray with a small, somewhat darker cross hump over the
third abdominal prolegs. The darker larvae remind one of
parta caterpillars, the lighter ones of concumbens. The first
larva began spinning under paper on the above date, 25 days
from hatching.

The larvae of C. luciana spun from the Ist to the 6th of
June while the retecta began on the 5th.

The pupae of Catocala luciana gave the first imagoes of that
species on July 3d. Both were males. This is nearly a month
earlier than the species appears in Colorado. The chrysalis
period of this moth is one month as the larvae of these two
moths pupated in the first week of June.

The first female imagoes of C. luciana emerged on the 6th

of July.

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 199

The larva of C. luciana spins a thin cocoon in leaves like
that of cara and others, and the pupa is brown, covered by a
whitish pruinescence as in cara.

The imnubens larvae, as in past years, were little trouble to
tear, being perfectly healthy, and rapidly matured, but, from
crowding in the jars, were a little undersized. All were hinda
as was their mother. Among the earliest moths taken in the
woods in the last three years by the senior author were a few
beautiful specimens of this variety with a white spot set in a
faintly purplish fore wing.

On his first visit to “Catocala Hollow,’ June 27th, George
Dulany took two hinda along with ilia and epione. During
the succeeding two or three weeks this same moth was found
abundant, resting on the tree trunks near the ground, often
half a dozen of them flying off on our near approach. One
small tree especially seemed to be very attractive to these
“Cato-moths” and equally attractive to us as we took some
beauties there. This was near the entrance to the hollow,
where trees were few, a little to the left of the path just as
it ascended a steep hillock, in a clump of bushes and young
trees.

The larvae of Catocala innubens that hatched May 5th be-
gan spinning in the honey locust foliage in three weeks and
were chrysalids in a month from the time they began eating.

The first imago of Catocala innubens from bred pupae
emerged June 27th.

On the 8th of May the eggs of Catocala vidua hatched.

On June 8th many of the viduwa larvae were passing their
last moult and were nearly two and a half inches long.

After moulting, the caterpillars are very light pinkish gray with in-
distinct longitudinal lines and bands of darker dots. The cross band
between the third and fourth prolegs on the dorsum, very dark brown.
Lateral setae about as long as in retecta. The head, pinkish brown
with cream-colored longitudinal wavy lines. No cheek dash of black
but the front edge of the head shield is black. Tubercles flesh color.
True legs, flesh color. The underside of the body is pale greenish with
a midventral row of black spots.

Some days after the last moult, the larvae of C. vidua present white
ventral surface with central row of black spots in red brown spots.

200 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ May, ’13

June 14th. Full grown larvae of C. vidua are three inches long, ashen
gray with cream-colored tubercles. A row of lateral setae. The body
covered by minute black dots that more or less arrange themselves in
longitudinal lines that outline indistinct longitudinal bands, thirteen in
number. A dark cross band over the dorsum between the third and
fourth pairs of prolegs. The true, as well as the prolegs, are body
color. Head, light gray with red brown irregular lines. A slight black
dash either side of the mouth. Some specimens have a slight reddish
tint while others are slightly darker gray. All larvae before the last
moult are reddish.

On the 15th of June the first vidua larva began to spin.

From overcrowding, disease carried off a number of the
larvae of vidua and pernyt.

The larvae of both vidua and retecta likewise spin their
cocoons between leaves and the pupae, as in other species, are
brown, covered by a white pruinescence.

The first imago of Catocala vidua emerged on July 20th, a
full month after pupation, allowing five days between spinning
and pupation.

On May 26th the larvae of Catocala retecta were about two
inches long.

On June Ist, about two and three-fourth inches long, dark uniform
gray with a broad, illy-defined cross, dark brown band between the 3rd
and 4th abdominal segments. These larvae hatched May 7th.

June 8th. The larvae of C. retecta fully grown, measuring two and
three-fourth inches, light gray with longitudinal lines of wavy dots and
dashes. The cross band between the third and fourth pairs of prolegs,
somewhat darker than the general body color. The tudercles cream
color. Lateral setae present. The head has the color of the rest of
the body, with black cheek dash. The logitudinal dark lines form nar-
row bands.

A larva of Catocala minuta, found feeding on honey locust
by the junior author, was one and three-eighths inches long on

June 6th, dark brown with light gray patches. Head, small, gray, flat.
A slight hump over the first abdominal segment with a minute black
dot on each side. The hump is gray. There is a cross hump between
the second and third abdominal prolegs on the dorsum, gray in front
and darker behind with a small white crest. There is a lateral row of
short setae. A sharp crest is over the eighth abdominal segment as in
other Catocala larvae. The ventral side is pale green with a row of
medial black spots.

The larva of Catocala minuta spun on June 7th and the

pupa gave an imago on June 3oth.

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 201

On the same day, May 23d, eggs of Smerinthus ophthalmi-
cus, received from Mr. E. A. Dodge, of Santa Cruz, Califor-
nia, hatched. The young larvae were white with large, green-
ish heads and strong brown caudal horns, curved backward.
The eggs were small, and often with red rims, as in ova of
Sm. geminatus, myops, modesta and excaecatus. In fact,
ophthalmicus eggs are hardly distinguishable from those of
excaecatus in size and shape.

May 20th. Larvae of Smerinthus ophthalmicus, hatched on the 23rd,
moulted for the first time on the 27th. After the first moult the
“worm” is light green with a light, almost white lateral line. Head
pointed above. Caudal horn strong, directed backward, yellow green
with a rich red brown line at the base. The horn nearly half an inch
long.

June 2nd. Larva after second moult, three-fourths of an inch long,
light green with light toothed lines. Caudal horn light with faint vio-
let at the base. Head, triangular. Much like excaecatus.

The larvae moulted the third time on June 7th. After the third
moult, the larvae are one and one-fourth inches long, dark green with
pale yellow, toothed sphingial bands or lines. Small pale yellow gran-
ules cover the body. The head is blunt triangular, hardly sharp at the
apex, dark green with strong yellow facial lines (one to each side).
The last sphingial band extends to the base of the caudal horn and is
stronger and yellower than the other bands, except the facial bands.
The caudal horn rather strong, medium length, directed backward and
but little curved. The horn is rosy on the sides and behind nearly to
the apex where it is yellow green. The front side of the horn is blue.
The true legs are rosy with green bases. The prolegs are of the body
color. The caudal shield has a yellow edge.

On June 16th the larvae were two and one-fourth to two and one-
half inches long, yellow-green with lighter granules. Longitudinal lines
that bound the dorsum and the sphingial bands are pale white or yel-
lowish. The last sphingial band extends from the middle of the sixth
segment to the base of the caudal horn and is strong and yellow. The
head is triangular, rather sharp and bluish in front with lateral yellow
band. The true legs are pale red. The caudal horn nearly straight,
directed backward, blue in front and violet behind. Spiracles small,
elliptical, almost black with yellow centers.

The first larva of S. ophthalmicus burrowed on June 16th.
On the same date the Smerinthus geminatus larvae began
burrowing.

The mature larva of Sm. ophthalmicus burrows about as
deeply as that of excaecatus and the chrysalis is about the

202 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, 13

same size and color as that of the latter, being one and one-
half inches long, thick, dark brown, probably as dark as that
of geminatus.

The first two imagoes, male and female, of ophthalmicus
emerged during the night of July 8-9 and both were deformed,
twenty-one and twenty-two days from burrowing or fifteen
to sixteen days from pupation.

The deformed female ophthalmicus laid one hundred and
thirty-two eggs, a number of which were infertile. A part of
these eggs were sent to the junior author, who secured imagoes
from them, while the senior author signally failed to rear the
larvae of the rest.

On July 1oth two splendid females of ophthalmicus emerged.

Eggs of Sm. ophthalmicus hatched six days after they were
laid. In color the egg is pale yellow, a little flattened, ellipti-
cal and usually with a peripheral red streak halfway around.

The deformed female Sm. ophthalmicus died the night after
she laid the one hundred and thirty-two eggs, or two days
after emergence. The deformed male companion to the fe-
male died four days after emergence.

On the same day that the retecta and luciana eggs hatched,
May 7th, the ova of Antherea pernyi gave larvae and, on the
afternoon of that day, those of Cricula andrei. These latter
two are Asiatic Saturnids, the first a second cousin of our own
splendid polyphemus and the other distantly related to io,
possessing his stinging qualities.

On the 12th of June the first larva of Antherea pernyi began
to spin, thirty-six days after the first eggs hatched. On the
13th four larvae of Cricula andrei began their cocoons, thirty-
seven days from hatching.

The larvae of Antherea pernyi and Cricula andrei continued
to cocoon till June 26th and those of Catocala vidua till the
20th.

The first A. pernyi, a female and deformed, came from the
cocoon on the 14th of July. A male of that species emerged
at 4 o’clock P. M. the same day and these were all that the
fifteen or sixteen cocoons ever gave. After spinning, the lar-
vae died without pupating. Allowing six to eight days after

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 203

beginning the cocoon before pupating, the chrysalis period of
pernyt is about twenty-four or twenty-five days.

The first imagoes of Cricula andrei appeared on July toth,
twenty-seven days from the time they began spinning their
cocoons.

The first imago of Cressonia juglandis from autumn chrysa-
lis emerged on the 29th of May.

Eggs of Catocala relicta furnished by the junior author
hatched on the 23d of May.

From captured females of Sm. excaecatus and geminatus,
ova were laid respectively on the r8th and 22d of May and
the larvae hatched and in due time pupated, those of the for-
mer failing to a one to give imagoes in the summer and
autumn, while the geminatus chrysalids yielded moths in July.

Eggs from a captured female polyphemus were laid May
2oth.

May 25th, eggs of Actias luna hatched.

The first imago of Everyx versicolor from pupae received
from New Jersey emerged May 25th.

June 15th, I found two larvae of Catocala neogama and one
of C. piatrix between shingles leaning against a small walnut
tree. All three of these were small, probably past second
moult. We have referred to the shingle trap in a previous
paper on Catocala larvae.

Mr. George Dulany took imagoes of Catocala epione, tlia
and innubens in the woods on June 27th.

On June 28th, the senior author, accompanied by Mr. Du-
lany, visited “Catocala Hollow” and took seven Catocala
epione, two polygama, two innubens and sixteen tia, including
a white spotted one of the latter species. At the same time
we took a Ceratomia undulosa moth.

The first larva of Smerinthus excaecatus burrowed on July
Ist.

Imagoes of Sm. geminatus emerged on July 5th, twenty
days from burrowing and fourteen or fifteen days from pupa-
tion.

On July 6th, took in the woods, in addition to species cap-
tured on the previous day, two beautiful specimens of Catacala

204 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ May, ’13

insolabilis and saw a specimen of ultronia. The insolabilis
were taken on a small linden tree.

The first Catocala piatrix larva spun on July 9th. The first
imagoes of C. retecta emerged on July roth, about thirty-five
days from burrowing or thirty days from pupation.

The first imago of Citheroma regalis emerged on July 4th.

A second regalis slipped its chrysalis skin on the 9th of July.
On July 5th, in company with Ralph Dodge, the senior author
took, in the woods, C. innubens, scintillans, amica, neogama, -
palaeogama and a fine parta. Ralph captured two fine nebu-
losa and a number of ilia and polygama.

The first C. neogama from a chrysalis was on July 11th.

Captured a fine male regalis at light on July 20th.

The senior author took a few Catocala residua in the woods
from July 20th to August roth. The pupal state of Catocala
relicta is about sixteen to eighteen days.

Moths of the second brood of imagoes of polyphemus from
July 2oth to 26th, the eggs having been laid in May. The
imagoes of the second brood are redder than those of the first
or spring brood.

The first Catocala cara taken in the woods in 1912 were cap-
tured on the 27th of July. The first Jacrymosa on the same
day, a fine evelina, and saw the first viduata. The first
retecta was taken on July 20th, as also the first phalanga and
habilis.

On the same date took three other Jacrymosa and a splendid
viduata.

On the 29th, the senior author took in the woods, thirteen
species and two good varieties of Catocala.

The cocoons of the second brood of polyphemus gave
imagoes in from twenty-five to twenty-seven days from the
time the larvae began to spin.

July 20th was the best Catocala day of the season. The
weather was. warm, dry and cloudless and numbers of the
moths were low on the tree trunks. On the 31st, a day in
every respect a duplicate of the 29th as to weather, few moths
were to be seen in the woods, and they were mostly high on
the trees.

Vol. xxiv | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 205

On July 31st, a single specimen of Euparthenos nubilis was
taken in “Catocala Hollow.”

A brood of Papilio philenor larvae feeding on Aristolochia
sipho and serpentaria in the back yard of the senior author
were ready to pupate on the 4th of August.

The first vidua of the season in the woods was taken on the
16th of August.

A full grown larva of Catocala piatrix was found feeding
on walnut, August the oth.

Sugaring on the night of the 17th of August, a number of
specimens of Catocala cara, vidua, habilis, retecta and residua,
two hawk moths and a number of Homoptera were taken by
the senior author and Mr. G. W. Dulany.

On September 14th, accompanied by Prof. F. E. Alsup and
Harold Davenport, the senior author took one Catocala
robinsoni, the first of the season, battered specimens of a num-
ber of other Catocalae, Deiopeia bella and larvae and chrysalids
of Anaea andria.

The rest of the season was spent rearing larvae of Anaea
andria, the last of which pupated October 18th.

In much of the work of rearing larvae, during last summer,
the Senior Author was kindly assisted by Mr. G. W. Dulany.

Seven New North American Bees of the Genus
Halictus (Hym.).
By Mrs. Marton Dursin EL is, Boulder, Colorado.

During the study of some material of the genus Halictus, in
the collection of Professor T. D. A. Cockerell, the following
new species were distinguished. These species all belong to
the sub-genus Chloralictus Robertson and are further charac-
terized by the more or less distinctly metallic, green or blue
abdomen. The work was done in the Zoological laboratory of
the University of Colorado, under the direction of Professor
Cockerell.

Halictus succinipennis sp. nov.
@ —length about seven (7) mm. Head, thorax, and abdomen, me-
tallic green. Face much longer than wide, slightly concave toward

206 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, 713

the antennal fossae; clypeus produced half its length beyond the lower
margin of the eye; face opaque except over the clypeus and frons, at
the lower tip of the median carina; very closely punctured above and
finely roughened below. Mesothorax opaque throughout, rather finely
and very closely punctured, and finely roughened; parapsidal grooves
short, median groove distinct, much deeper in front. The disc of the
scutum blue-green, the scutellum and _ postscutellum brassy-green.
Basal area of the metathorax with a low, rounded, finely roughened
rim with numerous very crooked rugae, which are straighter and more
distinct near the sides. Tegulae pale testaceous. Wings amber hya-
line; stigma and nervures pale testaceous. Tarsi dark brown. Abdo-
men rather broad and blunt, rich metallic green; the disc of even the
first segment finely punctured; the very narrow apical margin of each
segment testaceous, segments 3 to 5 densely covered with short, closely
appressed, pale grayish or whitish hair. Pubescence comparatively
abundant and whitish throughout, somewhat ochraceous on the legs
and scutellum.

Hab. Florissant, Colorado, two (= type), 6.9 mm. long, on
sand, June 14, 1908 (S. A. Rohwer); one nearly 7 mm. long,
June: 21, t908, CS. A. Rohwer) one 7 mim: june! 23: 1907 (3:
A. Rohwer).

This species is very near H. pruinosus Rob. from which it
differs in the yellow wings, and finely punctured disc of the
first abdominal segment. The pubescence of the abdomen is
not yellow as in H. pilosus Sm.

Halictus pavoninus sp. nov.

9.—Head and mesothorax dark, greenish blue; basal area of the
metathorax and the abdomen darker blue. Head a little longer than
broad, narrowed below and with the clypeus produced so that the face
appears triangular, eyes narrow; face finely and closely punctured,
only the frons and clypeus shiny; under side of the flagellum dusky
testaceous. Mesopleura with shallow, coarse, irregular punctures;
upper end of the metapleura with three or four irregular plice di-
rected toward its upper anterior angle; mesonotum somewhat shiny
in spite of the numerous, close, rather fine punctures. Basal area of
the metathorax without a rim, the edge broadly rounded and finely
roughened, slightly indented at the middle, plicae weak, numerous, and
irregular. Tegule pale testaceous, darker at the base. Wings brown-
ish hyaline; third swhmaroeinal cell one and one-half as wide as the
second; stigma dusky testaceovs, nervures dusky testaceous to dark
brown on the costal nervure. Legs black to piceous, inner spur of the
hind tibia with a series of four or five graduated teeth. Abdomen

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 207

sharp behind; disc of the first segment very shiny, the others a little
less so, all the segments very finely punctured, less conspicuously line-
olated; apical margins of the segments testaceous; discs of segments
4 and 5 and the sides of the other segments covered with thin, short,
pale gray hairs, thicker and more ochraceous around the anal rima.
Pubescence scani, not very dense even on the legs, where it is pale
yellowish gray; whitish below.

Hab. Tolland, Colorado, altitude 8,900 ft. one (= type)
6 mm., near the Mountain Laboratory.

This species seems to be related to H. veganus Ckll., from
which it may be distinguished by the longer face, and the ciose-
ly punctured mesonotum which is not opaque with fine lineola-
tions.

Halictus lazulis sp. nov.

9 .—Length about six (6) mm. Much like H. pruinosiformis Crawf.
in general contour, rich peacock blue throughout. Face very slightly
longer than broad; opaque, the punctures moderately coarse and very
close; the small tubercle beneath the eye and those at the outer cor-
ners of the clypeus well developed; clypeus produced, so that three-
fourths of it lies below the lower margin of the eyes; color on the
under side of the flagellum pronounced. Mesothorax opaque, rather
coarsely and very closely punctured; median groove of the disc dis-
tinct, parapsidal grooves poorly developed. Metathorax with a low.
narrow rim, indented at the middle, around the comparatively broad
basal area; basal area with a middle ridge decidedly pronounced, the
plice just on either side of this central one irregular and very weak,
but becoming more distinct laterally. Tegule testaceous. Wings am-
ber hyaline; stigma pale testaccous, the nervures rich reddish brown
to testaceous. Legs black to piceous; inner spur of the hind tarsi with
three large and one small clavate teeth. Abdomen not stout, acutely
pointed behind; very shiny, finely punctured and openly lineolated dor-
sally; ventral side and narrow apical margins of each segment, above,
dark testaceous; segments 4 and 5, and sides of segment 3, with rather
dense, short, closely appressed, pale greyish hairs. Pubescence very
scant except on the legs and abdomen; pale grey tinged with buffy
above, more whitish below.

Hab. Florissant, Colorado, one nearly 6 mm. on sand, June
14, 1907 (S. A. Rohwer) ; one about 6 mm. long at flowers of
Argentina anserina (L.), June 23, 1907. (S. A. Rohwer).

This species looks more like H. pruinosiformis Crawf. than
any other, but is easily distinguished by its amber wings, close-
ly punctured disc of the mesothorax, and dark blue color.

208 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ May, ’13

Halictus tenuis sp. nov.

@.—Length, 5 mm. A small slender species, metallic biue through-
out. Facial quadrangle a iittle broader than long, clypeus short but
distinctly produced, face finely and very closely punctured, opaque ex-
cept on the almost impunctate frons and on the clypeus: flagellum
tinged with yellow below. Pleure rather coarsely but not sharply
roughened, metapleure with five or six, very weak plice near the up-
per end; mesonotum almost opaque with fine scattered punctures and
very sharp, rather coarse lineolations; median groove deep, parapsidal
grooves not developed. Basal area of the metathorax, almost as broad
as the scutellum, the margin rounded, a little elevated near the middle;
the surface sharply lineolated, a few very weak, irregular, reticulate
ruge near the base, the middle one straight, and somewhat stronger.
Tegule brown in the middle, almost hyaline at the edge. Wings light
brownish hyaline, third submarginal cell almost twice as wide as the
first; stigma dusky honey color, nervures darker, costal nervure dark
brown. Legs black, tarsi dark testaceous. Abdomen shiny, with very
fine scattered punctures and very fine lineolations, margins of the
segments testaceous. Pubescence scant except around the anal rima
and on the legs; pale gray below, faintly buffy above.

Hab. Sugar Loaf Mountain, Colorado, altitude 8,500 ft. one
(= type) 5 mm. long, May 18, 1907 (S. A. Rohwer).

This species is much like H. veganus Ckll., from which it
differs in being blue, not green, and in having no distinct rim
around the basal area of the metathorax; it also resembles
H. pruinosiformis Crawf. from which the well-separated, finer
punctures, and the sharper, more distinct lineolations of the
mesonotum, and the very weak rugae of the basal area of the
metathorax, distinguish it.

Halictus umbripennis sp. nov.

@.—Length, 7 mm. Head and thorax metallic, olive green, abdomen
quite as metallic, but more brown. Facial quadrangle as broad as long,
somewhat shiny, although finely and closely punctured; clypeus only a
very little produced, its apical two-fifths purplish black; flagellum not
conspicuously colored below; cheeks shiny, the punctures fine and
scattered. Mesothorax shiny throughout; median groove of the meso-
notum deep in front, but scarcely evident behind the tegule, parapsidal
grooves distinct but not deep; disc with very fine scattered punctures
(not quite so smooth as H. sephyrus Sm.), and with microscopic line-
olations: scutellum almost impunctate; postscutellum closeiy punctured.
Metathorax without a salient rim, broadly rounded from above down-

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 209

wards, and very shiny; the basal area narrow, finely roughened, and
with very few (less than twenty), short ridges. Tegule brown.
Wings dusky hyaline, with a faint cloud toward the apex; stigma and
nervures almost black. Femora shiny black; tibie and tarsi brown,
and with ochraceous pubescence. Abdomen rather broad and blunt,
shiny throughout; discs of all the segments very finely punctured, their
apical margins impunctate but distinctly lineolate; those of segments 2
and 3 appear a very little contracted, so that the rest of the segment
bulges slightly above the margin. Pubescence very scant, whitish be-
low and buffy above.

Hab. Quirigua, Guatemala, one (=type) nearly 7 mm. Feb-
ruary 1912, (Mrs. W. P. Cockerell).

This species is most closely related to H. zephyrus Sm.;
from which its larger size, olive color, absence of testaceous
margins on the abdominal segments, and the almost black ner-
vures of the wings, easily distinguish it.

Halictus cattellae sp. nov.

2 Length 7 mm. Head, mesopleurae and metathorax, blue green;
mesonotum brassy, olive green; abdomen very dark olive green, the
apical margins of the segments dark brown. Facial quadrangle about
square; lateral margins of the clypeus free, the lower corners of the
eves long; face opaque, finely and very closely punctured above the
antennae, less closely punctured but finely roughened below. Meso-
pleura coarsely punctured; the upper half of the metapleura with
short irregular plicae crossing it at right angles; mesonotum opaque,
rather coarsely, and closely punctured, and finely and sharply rough-
ened, median and parapsidal grooves long but not deep. Basal area
of the metathorax narrow, its edge broadly rounded, slightly elevated
and indented at the middle, finely lineolate, and with a few short,
simple plicae. Tegulae dark testaceous. Wings dusky, amber hyaline;
costal nervure reddish brown, stigma and other nervures dusky honey
color. Legs piceous to black, tarsi reddish brown. Abdomen broad-
esi at the second segment; very shiny throughout, punctures very fine
and widely scattered on the discs of all the segments, even less dis-
tinct on the first; the dark brown apical margin of each segment al-
most impunctate. Pubescence scant except around the anal rima and
on the legs; ochraceous above, more whitish below.

@ Length 7.5 mm. Like the female in sculpture and color of the
thorax and venation and color of the wings. Face and abdomen
brassy like the mesonotum. Clypeus much produced, entirely brassy
like the face, labrum pale yellow, entire under side of the flagellum
ochraceous. Tegulae light testaceous, legs black to dark brown, knees

210 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, ’13

and tarsi light testaceous. Abdomen slender, the end blunt; discs of
all the segments finely punctured and inconspicuously lineolate, the
apical margins and the ventral side of the segments dark brown.
Pubescence rather scant, deep ochraceous on the vertex and dorsal
half of the thorax, and pale gray on the face, cheeks and legs.

Hab. Garrison, New York, one @ (=type), nearly 7 mm.
long, (Eleth Cattell) ;two @ nearly 7 mm. long (Eleth Cattell) ;
Woods Hole, Massachusetts, one ¢ almost 7.5 mm. long, June,
Ci DAs Cockerell):

This species and the next seem more related to each other
than to any other species ; they probably belong to a group with
FA. aquilae Ckll., and H. nymphaearum Rob., since they all have
plicee on the metapleura. The very rough mesonotum suggests
FH. pilosus Sm., from which the short round face of H. cattellae
distinguishes it. H. cattellae may be separated from H.
perpunctatus n. sp. by the entirely shiny abdomen, and the few,
simple plicee of the basal area of the metathorax.

Halictus perpunctatus sp. nov.

Female. Length about 6 to 6.5 mm. Head and thorax metallic,
blue-green, abdomen brown with more or less distinct, blue-green
metallic reflections, the margins of the segments brown shading to
pale testaceous on the edge. Face a very little longer than broad;
clypeus produced, its lateral margins entirely free, the broad lower
margin shiny black, toothed along the edge; face finely and closely
punctured above the antennae, a little more coarsely and scatteringly
below, frons and clypeus shiny; cheeks rather full and shiny, although
finely punctured. Mesopleura with coarse scattered punctures of ir-
regular shape; slender plicae crossing the upper half of the meta-
pleura, becoming very weak and broken below the middle; mesonotum
opaque, rather coarsely and very closely punctured; median groove
well developed, parapsidal grooves faint. Basal area of the meta-
thorax almost as wide as the scutellum; with a low, sharp rim ex-
tending well laterally; rugae strong and rather numerous, reticulate
near the middle. Tegulae brignt brown. Wings hyaline; stigma and
nervures pale honey color, costal nervure darker. Legs black, shad-
ing to brown on the tarsi; inner spur of the hind tibia with two
large and three rather abruptly, smaller, clavate teeth. Abdomen
stout; disc of the first segment very shiny, the few scattered punc-
tures very fine and shallow, disc of all the other segments with the
punctures fine, sharp and close together; segments 3 to 5 closely

Nol, xxiv | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 211

covered with thin, short, pale yellowish gray hair, the last four seg-
ments showing the metallic reflections more distinctly than the first.
Pubescence only moderately scan abundant on the legs; pale gray
throughout.

Hab. Boulder, Colorado; one (= type) 5.5 mm. long, at
flowers of Claytonia rosea Rybd., April 20 (T. D. A. Cocker-
ell) ; one 6 mm. at the flowers of Bursa bursa-pastoris (L.),
May 22, 1907 (G. M. Hite) ; one 6.7 mm. long, June 10, 1907
(G. M. Hite); one 6.5 mm. long at flowers of Taraxacum
taraxacum (L.), April 16, 1908 (S. A. Rohwer) ; and Rito de
los Frijoles, New Mexico, five 6 to 6.5 mm. long, August I910
(W. W. Robbins).

This species probably belongs to the group of H. nymphaea-
rum Rob. and is most closely related to H. cattellae. The close-
ly punctured mesonotum distinguishes it from all the species of
the group except H. cattellae, from which it differs in having a
longer face, a rim around the basal area of the metathorax,
and a closely punctured disc of the second abdominal segment.
Individuals of H. perpunctatus with but little of the metallic
reflection on the abdomen somewhat resemble H. perditfficilis
Ckll. from which the broad basal area of the metathorax, the
sharply lineolate mesonotum and the whitish, not yellowish
gray of the pubescence on the abdomen separates it.

A Twelfth New Genus of Hymenoptera Tricho-
grammatidae from Australia.

By A. A. Grrautt, Nelson (Cairns), North Queensland,

Australia.
LATHROMEROIDES new genus.

(Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea, Family Trichogrammatidae, Subfamily
Chaetostrichinae, Tribe Lathromerini. )

Female—Similar to Lathromerella Girault, but the anten-
nal club only three-jointed and not terminating in a spinelike
seta, the discal ciliation of the fore wing dense and together
with the venation as in Aphelinoidea, the marginal cilia of
the fore wing very short; moreover, the abdomen is very long
and tubular, nearly twice the length of the head and thorax

212 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ May, *13

combined, the very long ovipositor inserted at the base of the
abdomen and distinctly projecting beyond the latter’s tip for a
length equal to about a seventh or eighth that of the slender,
tapering abdomen. Stigmal vein merely a very short, foot-
like projection from the marginal; postmarginal vein absent.
Posterior wings with moderately long marginal fringes caudad,
bearing five longitudinal lines of discal ciliation. Also resem-
bling Tumidiclava Girault, but the abdomen is totally differ-
ent, the antennal club does not terminate in a spine-like seta
and is not so swollen, while the discal ciliation of the fore
wing is dense and normal. The distal joint of the club forms
over half the length of that segment. One ring joint; no
funicle. Cephalic tibial spur present, short and straight. Tar-
sal joints rather long. Thorax with a median sulcus.

Male.—Not known.

In my table of genera Lathromeroides will drop in near
Pterygogramma and Uscana, but the very long, tubular abdo-
men, very dense discal ciliation, very short stigmal vein and
the distinctly exserted ovipositor readily distinguish it.

Type :—The following species:

1. Lathromeroides longicorpus, new species.

Female.—Length, 1.00 mm. Bright golden yellow, the eyes and ocelli
bright garnet, the exserted portion of the valves of the ovipositor and
a small, dot-like spot under the stigmal vein deep black, the distal tar-
sal joints and the antennae more or less dusky. Wings slightly em-
browned under the venation. Legs uniformly pallid yellowish. Inter-
mediate joint of cephalic tarsus shortest, the other two sub-equal; long-
est tarsal joint is the proximal joint of intermediate legs. Wings mod-
erate in width, convexly rounded at apex. Proximal two joints of an-
tennal club wider than long.

(From a single specimen, 2-3 inch objective, 1 inch optic, Bausch and
Lomb.)

Male.—Not known.

Described from a single female specimen captured from a
window, men’s quarters, mill yard, Proserpine, Q., November
4, I9I2.

Habifat—Australia—Proserpine, Queensland.

Type—No. Hy. 1271, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the
above specimen in xylol-balsam.

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 213

Standards of the Number of Eggs laid by Spiders—II.*

Being Averages Obtained by Actual Count of the Combined Eggs
of Twenty (20) Depositions or Masses.

By A. A. Grrautt, Nelson (Cairns), North Queensland,
Australia.

2. THERIDIUM TEPIDARIORUM C. Koch.

Zz
Md

Date 1911 No. counted | Successive Av. per

per mass Totals Egg Mass a ee
I | Chicago, July20| 341. 341. 341.
2 | 382. | 723. 361.
a1 477- 1200. 400. 477.
4 AS I4Il. 353°
5 244. | 1655. 331.
6. | 248. | 19032; | 3I7-
7j 233. le 21.36: 305.
8 | 394. | 2530. 216:
9 | Urbana, July 31 | 209. 2739. 304.
be) 221. | 2960. 296.
Bie i) ee ro: 3142. 286. 182. |
12 | 2098. 3440. 287
13 | terz. esGca 281.
14 i250: 3915. 279.
Sie 38r. 4206. 286.
16 e252" 4548. 284.
17 | 296. 4844. 285.
18 | 217. 5061. 281.
mg? |) 249. 5310. 279
20 | 232; 5542. 2771 295
20 5542. 277. A772 = 182. 5I

The first eight of these masses were collected in a small
pumping station on the shore of Lake Michigan, Chicago,
Illinois, July 20, 1911 ; the other twelve at Urbana, Illinois,
July 31, 1911, in the cellar of a building on the campus of the
University of Illinois. As many as three of the globular,
brownish egg cocoons have been observed in a single web, but
I believe that as many as five have been recorded. The aver-
age obtained then represents approximately what number of
eggs will be found in each cocoon and not the average expecta-
tions from any single female which must be near from three to
five times more. The numbers 3, 4 and 5, 6 and 7 respectively
are each from one nest, so that we may be assured that a
female may lay as many as 477, 455 and 481 eggs. It is also

plain that one female may put as many eggs in one cocoon as
another does in two.

* For the first of this series, see ENT. NEWS, XXII, pp. 461-462, Dec., 1911.

214 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ May, ’13

Collecting Notes from the Great Basin and Adjoin-
ing Territory (Dipt., Col.).*
By J. M. Atpricu, Moscow, Idaho.

In the summer of 1911 I traveled about 5000 miles in a
62-day expedition having for its main object the study of the
insects found in ‘and about the western salt and alkaline lakes.
Although I have published four articles on my results and
have another in press, there are so many facts of entomologi-
cal interest remaining that a more general discussion of the
theme seems to be required. Much of my material outside the
Diptera still remains unidentified, hence it is even yet im-
possible to give a list of the species collected. Nor do I think
such a list wholly desirable, as it would contain only here and
there a species of real interest, nine-tenths being compara-
tively common and widespread insects. The better way would
be to enumerate only species not heretofore known in the ter-
ritory under consideration, or those whose distribution is little
understood. This plan will be pursued with the Diptera, while
other orders must wait indefinitely.

The first three weeks of the trip were spent with a farmers’
institute party from the University of Idaho, to whom had
been assigned a schedule of institutes mostly in rather out-of-
the-way places. Our itinerary took us to Payette Lake and
down Long Valley to the southward, a fine collecting ground
for all kinds of insects, and now becoming accessible through
the construction of a branch railroad from Nampa. We were
there too early, about June 20; nearly a month later would
have been better. The valley is bordered on both sides by
heavily timbered and snow-capped mountains, the summits
being only a few miles from civilization, ideal for entomolog-
ical work. Along the main line of the Oregon Short Line as
we progressed eastward there is nothing of especial interest
in the way of a collecting ground until Pocatello is passed. East
of this point the railroad enters a mountain valley, and the
entomological field is highly interesting until the Wyoming
line is reached. We left the railroad at Montpelier and made

*Part of the results of an investigation made by aid of an appro-
priation from the Elizabeth Thompson Science Fund.

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 215

the interior points of St. Charles and Liberty. This also is a
high country and it was early for good collecting. The next
and concluding institute was at Malad City on July 3, and
from here my trip of investigation began. I had collected so
far only the following Diptera of special interest:

At McCall, Idaho, on Payette Lake, Asemosyrphus mexi-
canus.

At Council, Atherix variegata.

At Boise, Heteropterina nasoni and n. sp.

At Soldier, Tabanus phaenops.

At Bellevue, Campsicnemus thersites, Dolichopus coquilletti,
Chrysopila tomentosa.

At McCammon, Pelina truncatula, Tephritis clathrata.

On the roundabout railroad trip into Malad, a day had
been spent on a side trip to the Utah Agricultural College at
Logan ; while awaiting the train at Cache Junction, I collected
Dolichopus amnicola and Hydrophorus gratiosus Ald. In
Logan I found Chiromyia (Scyphella) flava common on a
stable window.

At Brigham City, Utah, on July 4 and 5, I spent the avail-
able time at Box Elder Lake, an expanse of brackish, shallow
water about two miles north of town. On the way thither
along the railroad were great quantities of parsnip in bloom.
On these I got three species of Thereva and specimens of
Helophilus similis and Sarcophila (Paraphyto) opaca. Along
the shores of the lake or pond I found a new species of Lispa
(described in a forthcoming paper), also Ephydra subopaca,
which breeds in the salt waters; in the adjacent grasses along
a waste water ditch occurred Melieria occidentalis and a new
species of Pelastoneurus, while I was attacked by Chrysops
disealis, fulvaster and moerens. On the bare mud, where the
lake had recently dried away, there were many specimens
of Cicindela echo, somewhat difficult to capture from a bad
habit of flying a long distance when flushed; they enter the
shallow water fearlessly and run about in it where it is a
quarter or three-eighths of an inch deep, capturing some kind
of prey there. In this situation they are unable to take wing,
and I picked up a few specimens from the water in my fin-

216 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ May, ’13

gers. This habit in a Cicindela was new to me. In the vicin-
ity of the pond I got Dolichopus afflictus, which is unusual
so far east, although it has been reported from Wyoming.

About Salt Lake City there is of course much to interest
the entomologist. The electric line up Emigrant Canyon gives
a ride up to about 7000 feet altitude for 80 cents, and should
never be overlooked by collectors who visit the city in sum-
mer. Near the end of the line, high up in the mountains, I
captured Dolichopus n. sp., Tachytrechus n. sp. and Hydro-
phorus philombrius. The shores of Great Salt Lake are eas-
ily accessible by going to Saltair or by taking the local trains
which run out to Garfield and Smelter station next beyond.
The local train turns round on a Y just beyond Smelter, and
from this it is only a short distance to the shore of the lake.
There is some brackish water in spots between, around which
I collected, but the shore of the lake is a particularly rich
field. Ephydra gracilis occurs by millions, the larva living in
the water; Ephydra Mans is also numerous in places on the
shores, and likewise lives in the water in the larval stage.
Caenia bisetosa occurs abundantly along the edge of the water,
but its larva has not been found. The brackish water back
from the lake has along its edges a beautiful new species of
Tachytrechus.

I stopped off from morning until 5 P. M. at Promontory
Point, almost in the middle of the lake, where I found essen-
tially the same beach fauna as near Salt Lake City, adding
Rhicnoessa coronata. The wife of the station agent kindly
provided me with dinner, as there is no hotel. The same
afternoon I continued across the lake to Lakeside on the west
shore, where again the beach fauna is about the same. It
is a sidetrack with a few railroad employees, the surrounding
country an absolute desert. The main divide between the an-
cient lake basin of Utah and that of Nevada is a little east of
Wells, Nevada, which was the point I selected for my next
stop, having been informed that it was on the bank of a river.
I had to inquire in the town, after a vain search, whether
there was any water near, and was informed that there was
a little seepage about a mile below town. It was 2 P. M.

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 217

when I got off the train, and I had already lost an hour, so I
made what haste I could in the hot sun to the place indicated,
where I found in a small space more new and interesting Dip-
tera than I ever collected in the same time before. Within
two hours the following and many more common species were
obtained: Anacampta latiuscula and two new species; Doli-
chopus ciliatus, amnicola, obcordatus and five undescribed spe-
cies; Sphegina n. sp., Euparyphus n. sp., Asyndetus n. sp., Ca-
lobata pallipes, Palloptera jucunda, Diaphorus palpiger and
opacus, Hydrophorus sodalis and magdalenae, Lispa tentacu-
lata and uliginosa, and some not yet fully determined. In
accordance with my plans, I continued my journey at ten that
evening, but there are some very attractive-looking high moun-
tains a few miles south of Wells that had timber and snow
upon them, which would in my opinion be one of the best
collecting fields in the West.

Hazen, Nevada, was reached the next morning. A good
hotel is the principal feature of the place, which consists prin-
cipally of a few railroad employees. The Soda Lakes are
about ten miles south, being some two miles from Mirage
siding, on the Fallons branch. They are small bodies of very
alkaline water, where quite a business was done in the manu-
facture of soda until the seepage from the new irrigating
canals of the Truckee-Carson government irrigation project
raised the level above the evaporating beds and put a stop to
the enterprise. I stayed over night with the caretaker at the
works and collected at the shore of the lakes Ephydra hians
and Caenia bisetosa, as at Great Salt Lake. A single male
of Hydrophorus plumbeus Ald. was found also, known previ-
ously only from a single female from Soap Lake, Washing-
ton. Around fresh or brackish seepage I found another new
species of Dolichopus, Hydrophorus aestuum and gratiosus,
Pelastoneurus cyaneus, Thrypticus fraterculus, and Melieria
occidentalis. Chrysops discalis was occasionally present.

On July 14 I made a visit to Reno and called upon Profes-
sor S. B. Doten, whom I found much engrossed with his in-
teresting investigation of the habits of Hymenopterous para-
sites, for which he has invented several ingenious pieces of
apparatus; his devices for instantaneous photography under

218 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, 713

the microscope are especially worthy of commendation. A
short stroll around the outskirts of the town yielded Thrypti-
cus fraterculus, Chrysomyza demandata, Asemosyrphus mex-
icanus, Madiza (Desmometopa) halteralis and some commoner
things.

The next day I returned eastward to Wadsworth and took
the stage 20 miles north to the Nevada Indian School, where
the superintendent, Mr. J. D. Oliver, provided me with accom-
modations and I remained four days. The trip in was highly
interesting to me, as I discovered a really garrulous Indian in
the driver “Fat Joe,” and we struck up a warm friendship.
The school is four miles from Pyramid Lake and eight from
Winnemucca Lake, both of which I visited. They are mod-
erately alkaline, but contain large quantities of fish. There
is a more alkaline pond a mile south of Pyramid Lake, but
it was difficult to reach, as it was on the other side of the
Truckee River and the water was high; so I did not visit it.
The bottoms of the Truckee River are verdant in this desert
region and offer some good insects. The shore of Pyramid
yielded a few Lispas of an undescribed species, as well as
Ephydra hians; at Winnemucca I found still another unde-
scribed Lispa with several common species of the genus.
Among the Diptera collected on my trips to and from the
lakes and about the Indian school were Chrysops discalis and
coloradensis, Tabanus opacus, Exoprosopa eremita, Anthrax
agrippina, nugator, lepidota, Ceria tridens, Tachyirechus an-
gustipennis, Thrypticus fraterculus, Hydrophorus gratiosus
and philombrius, Geomyza frontalis, Rhicnoessa albula, Urel-
lia abstersa and Caenta bisetosa.

On July 19 I returned to Wadsworth and took the train
to Hazen, where I took the Goldfield train next morning to
the little freighting station of Thorne, close to the south end
of Walker Lake. An automobile conveys the passengers seven
miles across a very sandy desert to the county seat town of
Hawthorne, occupying a little oasis less than half a mile
square. After dinner another auto stage runs before supper-
time to Bodie, California, climbing over the Walker Lake
mountain range, crossing a valley and ascending almost ex-
actly to the summit of the next range, Bodie having an ele-

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 219

vation of 8400 feet. The road was good and our speedometer
indicated 35 miles an hour on one down grade stretch, with
seven passengers and a heavy load of mail, express and bag-
gage. Bodie is an old, decayed mining camp with a few hun-
dred inhabitants. Next morning a horse stage driven by a
Mexican took me to one of my main objective points, Mono
Lake, a distance of 22 miles. I stopped at the Mono Lake
post-office and secured accommodations for a few days at the
combined store, saloon, hotel, blacksmith shop and feed mill
of Jack Hammond, about a mile beyond. Here I devoted my
first attention to the insects of the lake itself. It is a highly
alkaline body of water and contains vast numbers of the larvae
of Ephydra hians, used in the pupa stage as food by the In-
dians under the name of “koo-tsabe.’”’ The specific identity of
the fly had not been ascertained prior to my visit. Along the
west side of the lake the shores rise abruptly into the Sierras,
and there are numbers of rapid streams, large and small. The
collecting is superb, and I could have spent more time to good
advantage, but my plans limited me to four days. Besides
some new species, the following are the more interesting re-
sults of my collecting: Bittacomorpha sackeni, Tabanus opa-
cus and phaenops, Thereva johnsom, Tachytrechus olympiae
and angustipennis, Nothosympycnus vegetus, Psilopodinus pi-
licornis, Sympycnus marcidus, Chrysogaster nigrovittata,
Clausicella setigera, Notonaulax cincta and Themira putris.

Mono Lake lies close against the east side of the main
Sierras, directly east of Yosemite Park, which comes up to
the divide, about 16 miles by trail from the lake. Partie’ not
infrequently come down to the lake from the Park; in fact it
is more visited from that side than from the railroad some
65 miles away to the eastward. When I was there the Sierras
towering above it were covered with great fields of snow and
I never saw a more picturesque view than the one looking
down on the lake and across it to the mountains, from the
range near Bodie.

On my return to the railroad I had to stay over night at
Thorne, in order te have time to box up some freight for ship-
ment. The hotel business mostly goes to Hawthorne, but I
felt well repaid for any little inconvenience of my stay in

220 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, ’13

Thorne in making the acquaintance of “Doc” Stewart, mine
host at the Old Crow,—an old-timer of the sixties, whose
warm-hearted interest in me is a pleasant memory.

From Thorne I continued my journey to Southern Califor-
nia by an unusual route, as it was necessary to include Owen’s
Lake in the itinerary. I continued down the Goldfield railroad
to Mina, where I changed to a narrow-gauge line that ends at
Keeler, on the east side of Owen’s Lake. I left this line at
Owenyo, where it is joined by a Southern Pacific broad gauge
branch that strikes the main line at Mojave, from which it is
easy to reach Los Angeles.

We reached Owenyo about midnight, several hours behind
time, and were accommodated in a box car hotel, the single
men occupying hard bunks in an undivided car. Next morn-
ing the mixed train on the branch took me as far down as
Olancha, which I had been informed would be a good point
from which to inspect the west shore of the lake. It proved to
be about five miles beyond the lake, so I put in most of the
day collecting along a beautiful little mountain stream coming
out of the Sierras and around some seepage near the lake.
Diptera of interest were Pelastoneurus dissimilipes, Tachytre-
chus auratus and Rhagoletis minuta. Many insects of other
orders occupied my attention and would be well worth record-
ing if they had been identified. That evening I took the up
train again to get to a point near the lake, and (accepting
advice again) stopped off at Brier siding at 10 P. M., only to
find that the ranch supposed to be there was at another siding
and there was not a human being within miles except the Mex-
ican boy who had driven down from the Los Angeles aqueduct
camp to pick up any Slavs who might have drifted in to work
on the ditch. The boy took me up to the camp and let me
sleep on a few sacks on the ground. Next morning I secured
breakfast with the laborers and walked to the lake, where I
made what observations were necessary in time to leave again
on the southbound train. The lake is densely alkaline and is
full of the larvae of Ephydra hians.

The evening of this day found me in Los Angeles and the
remainder of the trip may be passed over in a few paragraphs.
In Los Angeles I collected carefully about the ponds of crude

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 221

petroleum in the oil well district for Psilopa petrolei; although
I could not find the larva in the petroleum, I succeeded in get-
ting the adults on grass around the pools. In the same locality
was Pelastoneurus dissimilipes.

On the beach at Santa Monica were many specimens of a
new species of Stichopogon, and on the surface of a brackish
pool close to the beach was a swarm of Ephydra millbrae.

On the beach at Long Beach Lipochaeta slossonae was
abundant.

At Lake Elsinore, an alkaline lake south of Riverside, I
captured the same beautiful new species of Tachytrechus that
I got at the south end of Great Salt Lake; also a single speci-
men of a new species of Lispa, of which I later secured a pair
at fresh water at Lewiston, Idaho. Caenia bisetosa was the
most abundant insect at the shore.

On the salt marsh adjacent to Palo Alto I collected several
specimens of a species of Canace, a very peculiar sort of
Ephydrid; also Hercostomus metatarsalis, Pelastoneurus cya-
neus and Hydrophorus aestuum.

A two days’ trip of a strenuous sort was made to Clear
Lake, Lake County, Cal., from San Francisco, to ascertain
what sort of Ephydra it was of which the larva had been
named E. californica by Packard many years ago. As the
lake is fresh water, and not salt as Packard had been inform-
ed, it was evident that the larvae came from some other water.
I found that two borax ponds near the lake were well known,
and made a visit to one of these, where I speedily found E.
hians, which seemed to settle the identity of Packard’s species.
I also found the same large, undescribed Lispa which accom-
panied hians on the shores of Great Salt Lake.

The papers which I have published on the results of the trip
are the following:

1. Larvae of a Saturniid Moth Used as Food by California Indians.
Joun Ne Ye Ent Soc, xx, 1-45 1 pl.; Mar, 1912:

2. Flies of the Leptid Genus Atherix Used as Food by California
Indians. Ent. News, xxiii, 159-163; Apr., I912.

3. The Biology of Some Western Species of the Dipterous Genus
Ephydra. Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc., xx, 77-90, 3 pl.; June, 1912.

4. Two Western Species of Ephydra. Ibid., too-103; June, 1912.

5. The North American Species of the Dipterous Genus Lispa.
Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc., in press.

222 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ May, *13

The Appearance of an Unexpected Noctuid on the
Atlantic Seaboard (Lepid.)
By H. Brrp, Rye, New York.

In 1881 Grote described a western Noctuid, now classed an
Apamea, as Gortyna erepta, his unique type being captured
by Prof. F. Snow, in Douglas County, Kansas. This type
found its way to the British Museum and the species seems
not to have been met with since. Some years ago, during the
lifetime of Prof. Snow, the writer corresponded with him in
hopes of securing other examples from that locality, but while
the professor remembered the insect very well, he had never
learned of its capture again. Little were we aware that a fine
colony was flourishing within ten minutes’ walk of my door.

One of the largest grasses found at Rye is Tripsacum
dactyloides L., and its occurrence seems confined to a few
locations where the margin of upland and salt meadow meet,
and is here subjected to inundation by the extreme high tides
that occur at intervals. This strip of vegetation, rarely but
a few feet wide, exemplifies a remnant of primitive flora which
it is hard to duplicate elsewhere. The salty conditions render
it unfit for cultivation, and it is allowed to remain waste, a
sample of our only local, pre-Columbian, upland flora. It
seems evident that Tripsacum obtains here due to this undis-
turbed condition, rather than that it likes a salty environment,
since it follows the Upper Austral zone, south and westward,
more than half across the country. A search of the grasses
had been going on for some years to apprehend the larva of
Apamea americana Speyer, or A. nictitans L., as some choose
to consider it, reported to bore “grasses” by certain American
writers. This is a generalized statement apparently and
seems based on reports from European sources that there the
nictitans forms have such a food habit. While many grasses,
and Tripsacum in particular, had been under observation be-
fore, it was not till 1911 that a likely borer was found work-
ing in the latter, a form showing Apamea or Hydroecia char-
acteristics, and supposed at the time of its discovery to be
americana without doubt. It so happened on this occasion a

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 223

very high tide covered the meadows, and as we stood in water
to our shoe tops while digging out a root containing several
larvae, we were forced to conclude that the term “atlantica”
as applied to our alleged insect by Prof. J. B. Smith, when he
separated our forms on _ genitalic characters, was well
chosen. If one might stand in the Atlantic Ocean and pluck
its larva, surely it was aptly named. In due course, however,
the moths appear, but instead of an Atlantic coast form we
find the only insect with which it tallies is the Kansan erepta.
Specimens were kindly compared by Sir G. F. Hampson with
the British Museum type, and he reports they differ only in
minor detail. While it may be hard to reconcile the habitats,
as Tripsacum occurs in Kansas we may assume erepta feeds
on it there, though it may be doubtful if a chain of the plants
now exists across the country that the species could yet enjoy
an uninterrupted range. Believing the local colonies are a
stable variety of the type form, the varietal name ryensis is
proposed for it.

Apamea erepta ryensis, new variety.

Head smooth in front, antenna of male finely ciliated, thoracic tuft-
ings normal. The ground color is straw yellow, occasionally becom-
ing more deeply ochreous in the primaries, powderings of wine-red or
brownish scales are more or less diffused thereon and frequently in-

terspersed with some black scales, the quantity of powderings pro-
ducing some variation. Basal line vague, antemedial line irregularly

Male genitalia of Apamea erepta ryensts.

224 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, ’13

waved, transverse line rounded outward past reniform; these lines
simple and defined in brown, subterminal line vague, a finely penciled
black line at base of fringes; claviform wanting; orbicular usually
wanting, rarely a vague ring; reniform a pure white lunule or angu-
lated crescent in a black setting. Secondaries show ground color more
or less diffused with black, the discal lunule and mesial line drawn in
black powderings. The female is usually lighter due to less of the
overlaid powderings.

Expanse, 34-35 mm.; size very constant.

Genitalia of male are of a unique pattern, departing materially from
the nictitans group, and are best understood by a reference to the fig-
ure.

Type locality—Miulton Point section of Rye, inception of
Forest and Stuyvesant Avenues, N. 85 deg., E. 302.5 meters;
West Chester County; No Ye. Uy 5.7

Forty bred specimens are at hand. A male type is so label-
ed in author’s collection, and paratypes have been forwarded
to the U. S. National and the British Museums.

The variety differs chiefly in the absence of a well-indicated
orbicular. Knowing the value of genitalic comparisons in the
closely allied species, where the differences of the imagos are
slight, we feel there may be further departures from these
characters of the type form.

The work of the larva is easily overlooked. Tripsacum
sends up such a mass of culms that those dwarfed by the
borers are soon overtopped by the normal growth. The young
larvae, having hatched out about the first week in May, work
down in the tender center of the culms, when they have grown
but a few inches. The individual culms arise from hard
nodules, or corms, arranged in a great spreading root-clump,
and the boring is confined to the base, though never entering
the corm. The dwarfed stem that arises does not develop a
flowering spike, and the burrow is but a few inches in length.
At first the frass is thrown out, later the gallery becomes
rather clogged with it. The larva seems always tightly jam-
med in the boring, for the rapidly growing leaves enfold it in
an ever tightening envelope. As the leaves conduct moisture
down to their bases, these galleries get in a very unwholesome
condition, and become congenial haunts for several dipterous
species. Two of these are species of Drosophila apparently,

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 225

that find the fermenting frass a proper environment, another
appears to be a Trypetid whose larva keeps among the frayed
and broken leaf tissues. This same fly has been noted associ-
ated with Papaipema nebris, when the latter was boring corn.
No parasites have been detected. The winter is passed in the
egg stage without doubt, though this and the first larval stages
were unobserved, and the species is single-brooded. The lar-
vae were first met May to, and the following stages observed:

Stage IV ? Head small, rounded, pale yellow, a dark spot at ocelli.
Thoracic joints small compared to middle, as is anal extremity; sutures
deep; color is whitish translucent, each segment except the first and
twelfth showing a contrasting ring or girdle of purple brown on the
anterior half, giving a peculiar and characteristic ringed appearance.
The cervical shield is wider than the head, the anterior edge marked
heavily and the posterior, rounded portion, penciled lightly in black;
tubercles normal, do not show clearly on the dark rings, similar through
last four stages; setae well developed for a borer; legs sixteen.

Stage V ? No change.

Penultimate stage. The purple rings not so dark, otherwise no
change.

Last stage. Color of rings fades perceptibly, and are lost ventrally;
tubercles not large, black; on joint two Xa and Xb seem defined in
a small dark area but are without setae; Ia, Ib, Ila and IIb small but
bear stiff setae, IV is largest, the size of a spiracle; on joint ten IV is
very low down, and on eleven I and II enlarge, III and IIIa are separ-
ate, and on twelve I and II are fused, III, IV and V appear separated,
all closely preceding the anal shield; leg-plates prominent and facing a
little anteriorly; crochets on prolegs on joint nine number fourteen.

Length for the four stages: 14, 22, 28, 34 mm. respectively.

The pupal change does not occur in the gallery, but under
a slight depth of soil. The pupa is very active, of brown color,
surface shining, no frontal development, cremaster two sharp
straight spurs.

Pupation occurs June 8-14, the moths emerge June 28 to
July 6.

Comparing these larvae with the allied genera Hydroecia
and Papaipena, they come closer to the former in their pecu-
liar ringed coloration, which finds duplication in the similar
larval pattern of H. immanis and micacea.

There is little doubt that this colony of ryensis has flour-
ished many years at its present station. Both they and their

226 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, ’13

food plants possess certain features that may make for longev-
ity and a vigorous line of descent. While the moths emerge
in a short interval, there is a noteworthy appearance of males
first; further these males are exceedingly active. Even in
day time it is hard to raise the lid of a breeding box without
some escaping, while at night they very soon spoil their wings.
The tendency of such borers to form isolated colonies involves
the likelihood of inbreeding to some degree. As working
against this, the earlier appearance of the males indicates there
may be some dispersal of them to seek mates afar. Their
activity and strength of flight would permit of it.

With the food plant there is surely a pronounced effort to
avoid self-fertilization at the time it blooms, its unisexual
spikelets striving to co-operate with those of another flower.
Here we see the staminate portion blooming sooner than the
pistillate, on the same stemmed rachis, and there is so much
difference that chance of self-fertilization is rather remote.
Their great clustered root stocks show in part a perennial rec-
ord of the culms born, and many of the plants in the type
locality have surely been established for half a century. Thus
we seem to have a plant and an insect admirably associated,
and a knowledge of the food habit will, we predict, bring the
species to light from many other quarters.

Use of Ants in Punishments (Hymen.).

In British Guiana the natives make what are termed “ant mats,”
which are employed in certain ordeals, and as punishments for young-
sters, especially of the female sex. Certain varieties of “biting” ant
are stuck into the smaller interstices of the mat, where they are held
in place by the stretching upon the handles of the mat, which is then
pressed as a whole upon the forehead, breast, or stomach. (Jour. Roy.
Anthrop Inst., July-Dec., 1912.)

To Collect Lepidopterous Pupae.

In the spring thousands of young trees are sold by nurseries and
are dug for shipment and many lepidopterous pupae are unearthed.
This should prove a fruitful source of supply for the collector and
give opportunity to rear many rare and beautiful specimens. Work-
men in nurseries would doubtless be very glad to save pupae for those
interested, especially if some slight compensation were offered —
HENRY SKINNER,

ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.

[The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS solicit and will thank-
fully receive items of news likely to interest its readers from any source.
The author’s name will be given in each case, for the information of
cataloguers and bibliographers.]

TO CONTRIBUTORS.—AIll contributions will be considered and passed
upon at our earliest convenience, and, as far as may be, will be published
according to date of reception. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS has reached
a circulation, both in numbers and circumference, as to make it neces-
sary to put “‘“‘copy’”’ into the hands of the printer, for each number, four
weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special
or important matter for a certain issue. Twenty-five ‘‘extras,’’ without
change in form and without covers, will be given free, when they are
wanted; if more than twenty-five copies are desired, this should be stated
on the MS. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged. Proof will
be sent to authors for correction only when specially requested.—Ed.

PHMADEREPHIA,PA.,. MAY; 1913.

Mr. S. A. Rohwer, Corresponding Secretary of the Entomo-
logical Society of Washington, has recently written us that “on
April 3rd, Dr. David Sharp, Lawnside, Brockenhurst, Hants,
England, and Dr. J. H. Fabre, Serignan, Vaucluse, France,
were chosen as the first two honorary members of the Entomo-
logical Society of Washington. The Entomological Society of
Washington has ten honorary members to be chosen only from
among foreign entomologists.”

We are glad to learn that the Entomological Society of
Washington has provided for foreign honorary members and
the choice which has been made for the first two places in the
list is highly to be commended. Very diverse opinions have
been expressed on the honor attaching to such membership
in societies in general but, when all has been said, it is a pleas-
ant thing for one who has labored long and well in our chosen
science to read his own name in a brief list of those deemed
worthy of special mention by his collaborators. Entomology
is no national property, but is international in its scope and
in its endeavor. It will prosper as international co-operation
increases, and one of the ways by which this co-operation is
furthered is just that way which the Washington Society is
instituting.

227

228 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, ’13

Notes and News.

ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS
OF THE GLOBE.

Macrobrachius in America (Dipt.)

This genus was erected by Dr. H. Dziedzicki, in 1889, for the Myce-
tophilid, M. kowarzii n. sp. from eastern Europe. In Bulletin No. 200,
Maine Agricultural Experiment Station, p. 60, I described, under the
name Phronia producta, a fly taken at Brookline, Mass., which should
have been placed in Macrobrachius. By some mischance I overlooked
the genus, although three years previously I had correctly placed it in
the dichotomic table in Genera Insectorum, Fasc. 93, page 57, last line.
In the key of the last mentioned paper there are two entries of the
genus, the first of which (page 56, seventh line from the bottom)
should be stricken out, as an examination shows that the ocelli are
placed as in Phronia.—O. A. JoHANNSEN, Cornell University, Ithaca,
New York.

Pacific Slope Association of Economic Entomologists.

The following program was announced for the fourth annual meet-
ing of this Association, at the University of California, Berkeley,
Cal., on Thursday, Friday and Saturday, April 10-12, 1913, in affilia-
tion with the Pacific Association of Scientific Societies:

Thursday afternoon, April 10. “Notes on Entomological Litera-
ture and Events of 1912,” Professor R. W. Doane, Leland Stanford
University. “Internal Anatomy and Development of Epidiaspis piri-
cola,’ Mr. LeRoy Childs, Leland Stanford University. “A new method
of automatic dehydration,” Mr. George A. Coleman, University of
California. “A preliminary list of the Coleoptera that have been in-
troduced into California,’ Dr. Edwin C. Van Dyke, University of
California. “The Sensory Reactions of housefly larvae with special
reference to light, heat and moisture,’ Mr. R. J. Jungerman, Univer-
sity of California.

Thursday evening, April to. Meeting of the Pacific Coast Entomo-
logical Society under the Presidency of Dr. Edwin C. Van Dyke.

Friday, April 11. “Sesian borers of strawberries, blackberries
and currants in the Santa Clara Valley,’ Mr. Verne G. Stevens,
Leland Stanford University. “Raisin Insects,” Mr. L. J. Nickels, Uni-
versity of California. “A Resumé of Aphid Economics,” Professor
J. C. Bridwell, University of California. “Our Quarantine Service,”
Professor A. J. Cook, State Commissioner of Horticulture. “The
relation of sensory reactions to the assembling habits of Hippodamia
convergens,” Miss Martha S. Beaser, University of California. ‘“Im-

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 229

portation of Beneficial Insects,’ Professor A. J. Cook. “Tnsecticide
Co-efficients,” Professor C. W. Woodworth, University of California.
“Flour paste as a control for Red Spiders and as a spreader for con-
tact insecticides,” Mr. W. B. Parker, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture.
“Fumigation Injury to Oranges,” Professor C. W. Woodworth. “The
Progress made in the use of Miscible Oils in California,’ Mr. R. R.
Rogers, R. R. Rogers Chemical Co.

Friday evening, April 11. Dinner and Round Table.

Saturday morning, April 12. “Cockroaches as carriers of infection,”
Mr. Y. Nelson, University of California. “Notes on Diptera reared
from cow manure,’ Mr. W. L. Smith, Leland Stanford University.
“Some observations on Stomoxys calcitrans,’ Mr. H. F. Gray, Uni-
versity of California. “Some special problems of External Parasiti-
zation,’ Professor Vernon L. Kellogg, Leland Stanford University.
“The present status of knowledge respecting the Stomoxys fly and its
relation to Poliomyelitis,” Professor W. B. Herms, University of Cali-
fornia. “A study of the prevalence of malaria in California by coun-
ties covering a period of four years,’ Professor W. B. Herms. “An
experimental study of insecticides as applied to fly larvae,’ Miss
Laura Cairns, University of California.

Saturday afternoon, April 12. Business meeting.

Saturday evening, April 12. Pacific Association of Scientific Socie-
ties.

W. B. Hers, Secretary-Treasurer.

Society for the Advancement of Forest Entomology in America.

An organization, to be known as the “Society for the Advancement
of Forest Entomology in America,” was effected at a meeting held at
Washington, D. C., on March 1, 1913, with A. D. Hopkins, T. E. Sny-
der, S. A. Rohwer, F. C. Craighead, C. T. Greene, and W. S. Fisher, of
Washington, D. C., H. E. Burke and J. M. Miller, of Placerville, Cal-
ifornia, Josef Brunner. of Missoula, Montana, and W. D. Edmonston,
of Ashland, Oregon, as charter members.

The object of this Society is to promote a more general interest in
the subject of forest entomology and the protection of forest resources
from avoidable waste due to the depredations of insects.

Membership is open to persons who manifest an interest in the sub-
ject of insects in their relation to the forest resources and the forest
products of North America, provided that they are recommended by
a member or a responsible person, and the initiation fee of fifty cents
and the annual dues of fifty cents are paid to the Secretary-Treasurer.

The following officers were elected: President, A. D. Hopkins; Vice
President, H. E. Burke; Recording Secretary, T. E. Snyder; Corre-
sponding Secretary-Treasurer, F. C. Craighead.

Annual meetings will be held at which the economic side of forest

230 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ May, ’13

entomology will be discussed, including the reading of papers on the
conservation of forest resources. It is intended to publish Proceed-
ings when the Society becomes established on a sufficiently extensive
basis. In the meantime, papers and discussions of general interest will
be presented for publication to forestry, entomological and timber
journals.

Persons interested in this movement should correspond with Mr. F.
C. Craighead, Corresponding Secretary-Treasurer, Room 410, Evening
Star Building, Washington, D. C.

Notes on Lycaena amyntula, monica and tejua (Lep.).

I was interested in what Mr. Bethune-Baker said in the last issue
of this journal, in relation to amyntula being single-brooded, with
possibly a partial second brood. There seems to be a lack of data in
regard to the species and I thought it would prove of interest to pub-
lish the data on the specimens in the collection of the Academy of
Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, where the specimens had more than
State labels on the pins. Los Angeles, California, April 18; Cochise
County, Arizona, May (Huachuca Mountains?) ; Olympia, Washing-
ton, May; Golden, Colorado, May 24th; Stockton, Utah, May 3ist;
Fort Klamath, Oregon, June 10, 17, 21; Priest River, Idaho, June 21st;
City Creek Canyon, Salt Lake City, Utah, July 5th; Silver Lake, Utah,
July 15, 18th. These are all bright, fresh specimens and those men-
tioned from City Creek Canyon and Silver Lake were taken by my-
self. It would appear from these records that there may be a second
brood in July. It should also be remembered, however, that the late
records are in places where it is relatively cold and at considerable
elevations in the mountains, Silver Lake being at 10,000 feet altitude.
I have seen ice in the lakes and streams there in July. Now that it
is the custom to put date of capture on specimens it will be Ss to
work out these interesting problems.

I look upon an examination of the genitalia as a valuable aid in the
identification and separation of species. After such examination and
differentiation is made, the student should be able to give satisfactory
secondary characters to separate the forms or species. It is too much,
to ask those interested, to make mounts of the genitalia of all their
specimens to identify them. Mr. Bethune-Baker would confer a favor
by giving absolute characters to separate amyntula and comyntas other
than genitalic.

He evidently received some of his references second-hand. Lycaena
tejua Reakirt is a synonym of Hesperia strabo Fabricius, and Lycaena
monica Reakirt is a synonym of Hesperia cnejus Fabricius.

The types are in the Strecker collection, now in the Field Museum,
Chicago, Illinois. ‘“Reakirt received at various times considerable ma-

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 22%

terial from Lorquin, Jr., a dealer in San Francisco, who sent him in-
discriminately examples from the Philippines, California and Europe
not accurately ticketed as to locality, hence such mistakes as the above,
as the real home of tejua, which is only a synonym of strabo was
somewhere in the Philippines or the Dutch East Indies.’ The re-
marks preceding apply equally to monica and cnejus. See Strecker,
Lep. Rhop. Het. suppl. No. 3, p. 20—HENRyY SKINNER.

International Exposition of Ornithology, Entomology and Botany.

[An “Exposition Internationale documentaire d’Ornithologie, d’En-
tomologie et de Botanique dans leur rapports avec l’Ornithologie” has
been organized by three of the Ornithological Societies of Belgium.
We have received the following statement in regard to it.]

We have the honour to send you a program of our approaching ex-
hibition which will take place from May 3rd, to June Ist, 1913, on the
premises of the “Palais des Beaux-Arts” in the town of Liege. This
exhibition is of quite a new kind, and believe we can certify that it
will prove a great success, considering the adhesions which have al-
ready been promised us up to the present.

We should be very glad if you would take part in it by sending col-
lections. As you will observe our field is pretty large and collections
of birds, insects, plants, different books, etc., will find a place in it.
Knowing all the value that amateurs attach, and rightly, to their col-
lections which are sometimes very fragile, we can assure you they
will be the object of the greatest care on our part. Besides a vigor-
ous watch, being kept day and night in the exhibition, we have con-
sidered it wise to assure against the risk of fire.

We draw the attention of possible exhibitors to the fact that what
they send will be admitted in transit and that every facility for sale
will be eventually reserved to them. Finally, it is incontestable that
professionals and dealers have every advantage in putting themselves
before the public by means of an advertisement in our catalogue which
will be published on the occasion of this exhibition. This is a novelty
in Europe and will contribute to the union of amateurs and profes-
sionals.

We beg to remain, sir, for the Committee, the General Commissary,

L. Cursinrer, a Ans, rue de Bruxelles 155 (Belgique.)

[The Exposition is stated to have the encouragement of the King
and the patronage of the Queen of the Belgians; the Honorary Com-
mittee comprises the Minister of Agriculture and Public Works, the
Minister of Sciences and Arts, the Governor of the Province and the
Mayor of the City of Liege and the Mayor of Verviers, and among
other members we note the names of the entomologists MM. Baron
Crombrughe de Picquendaele and G. Severin.]

232 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ May, 713

On the Humming of Chironomidae (Dipt.).

Mr. KE. E. Green, of Peradeniya, Ceylon, in the Entomologists’
Monthly Magazine for February, 1913, gives an account of his experi-
ence with Chironomus ceylanicus Kieffer, of which the following is an
abstract :

“Colombo, Ceylon, is plagued at certain seasons by dense swarms of
so-called ‘lake-flies,’ which issue at night-fall from the margins of the
shallow lake that spreads its many arms through the residential quar-
ters of the town. . . . Bungalows situated on the leeward side of the
water are rendered almost uninhabitable during the fly season, when
the insects swarm into the lighted rooms, blackening the walls .
and making themselves generally objectionable. In the morning they
may be swept up literally by the bushel.

I happened to be bicycling one evening along a road that impinged—
at one point—upon an arm of the lake. On approaching this spot I
became aware of a gradually increasing and insistent noise . . . when
I suddenly was involved in a dense fog of flying insects. I was in-
stantly smothered in the flies which filled my eyes, ears and nose,
almost blinding and suffocating me. . . . The noise which, at the time,
I supposed to be produced by the vibration of the myriad wings, was
most extraordinary. I now understand that it is more probably attrib-
utable to actual stridulation.”

Entomological Literature.
COMPILED BY E. T. CRESSON, JR. AND J. A. G. REHN.

Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the
Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En-
tomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and
Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted;
but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, how-
ever, whether relating to American or exotic species, will be recorded.
The numbers in Heavy-Faced Type refer to the journals, as numbered
in the following list, in which the papers are published, and are all
dated the current year unless otherwise noted, always excepting those
appearing in the January and February issues, which are generally dated
the year previous.

The records of systematic papers are all grouped at the end of each
Order of which they treat, and are separated from the rest by a dash.

For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Record,
Office of Experiment Stations, Washington.

2—Transactions, American Entomological Society, Philadelphia.
4—The Canadian Entomologist. 5—Psyche. 7—U. S. Department
of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology. 8—The Entomologist’s
Monthly Magazine, London. 9—The Entomologist, London. 11—
Annals and Magazine of Natural History, London. 21—The Ento-
mologist’s Record, London. 22—Zoologischer Anzeiger, Leipzig.
38—Wiener Entomologische Zeitung. 49—Annales historico-natu-
rales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, Budapest. 50—Proceedings of

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 233

the U. S. National Museum. 59—Sitzungsberichte, Gesellschaft der
naturforschenden Freunde, Berlin. 75—Annual Report, Entomo-
logical Society of Ontario, Toronto. 79—La Nature, Paris. 87—
Bulletin, Societe Entomologique de France, Paris. 92—Zeitschrift
fur wissenschaftliche Insektenbiologie. 99—Cornell University
Agricultural Experiment Station, Ithaca. 104—Mittheilungen, Na-
turhistorisches Museum in Hamburg. 148—New York Agricultural
Experiment Station, Geneva. 153—Bulletin, American Museum of
Natural History, New York. 160—Internationale Revue der Ge-
samten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie, Leipzig. 166—Interna-
tionale Entomologische Zeitschrift, Guben. 169—‘Redia,’ R. Sta-
zione di entomologia Agraria in Firenze. 175—Aus der Natur,
Berlin. 176—Archiv fur entwicklungsmechanik der Organismen,
Leipzig. 179—Journal of Economic Entomology. 182—Revue
Russe d’Entomologie, St. Petersburg. 191—Natur, Munchen. 194—
Genera Insectorum. Diriges par P. Wytsman, Bruxelles. 198—
Biological Bulletin, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole,
Mass. 216—Entomologische Zeitschrift, Frankfurt a. M. 281—An-
nals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, University of Liver-
pool, Series T. M. 820—Der Tropenpflanzer, Berlin. 322—Journal
of Morphology, Philadelphia. 387—Meddelelser om Gronland. Den-
mark Ekspeditionen til Gronlands Nordostkyst 1906-08, Copen-
hagen. 351—Zeitschrift fur Allgemeine Physiologie. Herausge-
geben von Max Verworn, Jena. 868—The Monthly Bulletin of the
State Commission of Horticulture, Sacramento, Cal. 869—Entomo-
logische Mitteilungen, Berlin-Dahlem. 390—Zoologischer Beobach-
ter, Frankfurt a. Main. 411—Builetin of the Brooklyn Entomologi-
cal Society. 420—Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus: A monthly jour-
nal of entomology, Washington, D. C. 421—Report of the State
Entomologist on the Noxious and Beneficial Insects of Illinois,
Urbana. 422—Coleoptcrologische Rundschau, Wien. 423—Journal
of the College of Agriculture, Sapporo, Japan.

GENERAL SUBJECT. Babak, E.—Ueber die atmung der in-
sekten, 175, 1913, 293-98. Berlese, A.—Piccolo apparecchio per
raccogliere automatecamente i Calcididi parassiti da collezione, 169,
vili, 471-72. Gli insetti Vol. II, fasc. 4-6. Gli affini degli insetti,
L’antichita degli insetti, pp. 97-176. Criddle, N.—Insect migration
at Aweme, Manitoba, 75, 1911, 74-76. Curtis, W. P.—The coloration
problem, 21, 1913, 57-61 (cont.). Dewitz, J—Physiologische unter-
suchungen bezuglich der verwandlung von insekten-larven, 22, xli,
385-98. Essig, E. O.—Injurious and beneficial insects of California,
368, ii, 1-351. Gardner, C. C. B—Experiments on the capability of
ants to withstand drought and to recover from its effects when
nearly dead, 21, 1913, 81-83. Gibson, A——The entomological record
1911, 75, 1911, 89-112. Gibson, A. et al—Reports on insects of the

234 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ May, 713

year 1911, 75, 1911, 9-38, 72-74. Grandori, R.—Studi sullo sviluppo
larvale dei copepodi pelagici, 169, viii, 360-457. Hartman, F. A.—
Variations in the size of chromosomes. Giant germ cells in the
grasshopper, 198, xxiv, 226-244. Herrick, G. W.—Some external
insect parasites of domestic fowls, 179, vi, 81-85. Hewitt, C. G.—
Insect scourges of mankind (abstract), 75, 1911, 46-50. Holloway,
T. E.—Field observations on sugar-cane insects in the U. S. in
1912, 7, Circ. 171. Kirby, W. F.—Obituary notice, 166, vi, 325-26.
Kusnezov, N. J.—Sur la tendance vers les denominations superflues
en entomologie (‘‘die Namengeberei’’ des auteurs allemands), (Rus-
sian), 182, xii, 256-76. Lengerken, H. v.—Etwas ueber den erhal-
tungszustand von insekteninklusen im Bernstein, 22, xli, 284-86.
Olsen, C. E.—The enemies of a plant louse, 411, vili, 41-42. Osha-
nin, W.—Zur nomenklaturfrage in der zoologischen systematik,
216, xxvi, 197-200. Semichon, L.—Sur la differenciation chroma-
tique de certains granules de reserve chez des insectes, 87, 1913, 69.
Sokolar, F.—Entomologische fundorte, 422, ii, 46-51. Walker, E.
M.—Some injurious forest insects at De Grassi Point, Lake Simcoe,
75, 1911, 55-63. Woglum, R. S.—Report of a trip to India and the
Orient in search of the natural enemies of the citrus white fly, 7,
Bul. 120. Zacher, F.—Notizen ueber schadling tropischer kulturen,
320, 1913, 131-44.

ARACHNIDA, ETC. Cooley, R. A.—Notes on little known
habits of.... Dermacentor venustus, 179, vi, 93-95. Kautzsch, G.—
Studien ueber entwicklungsanomalien bei Ascaris, II, 176, xxxv,
642-691. Quayle, H. J.—Some natural enemies of spiders and
mites, 179, vi, 85-88.

Kraepelin, K.—Neue beitrage zur systematik der gliederspinnen,
II, 104, xxix, 45-88. Tragardh, I—Acari (of the Danish expedition
to Greenland, 1906-1908), 337, iii, 417-26.

APTERA AND NEUROPTERA. Cummings, B. F.—Apropos
of the first maxillae of the genus Dipseudopsis (Trichoptera), 11,
xi, 308-12. Hewitt, C. G.—Thrips affecting oats, 75, 1911, 63-65.
Saemann, J.—Das ausschlupfen der libelle, 191, 1913, 266-68.

Navas, R. P. L._Nemopteridae (Neuroptera), 194, fas. 136, 23 pp.
Navas, R. P. L.—Zur lebensweise der ameisenlowen, 369, ii, 81-87.
Paine & Mann.—Mallophaga from Brazilian birds, 5, 1913, 15-23.

ORTHOPTERA. Caudell, A. N.—Locustidae, subfam. Mecone-
minae, Phyllophorinae, Tympanophorinae, Phasgoneurinae, Phas-
modinae, Bradyporinae, Ephippigerinae, 194, fas. 138, 140. Hart-
man, F. A.—(See under General Subjects.)

Bruner, L.—Results of the Yale Peruvian expedition of 1911.—
Acridiidae, 50, xliv, 177-87. Caudell, A. N.—Results of the Yale

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 235

Peruvian expedition of 1911.—O. (exclusive of Acridiidae), 50,
xliv, 347-57. Chopard, L.—Description d’un genre nouveau et d’une
espece nouvelle de Mantidae de la Republique Argentine, 87, 1913,
55-60. Karny, H.—Locustidae, subfam. Listroscelinae, Conocepha-
linae, Copiphorinae, Agraeciinae, 194, fas. 131, 135, 139, 141.

HEMIPTERA. Blacklock, B.—On the resistance of “Cimex lec-
tularius” to various reagents, powders, liquids and gases, 281, vi,
415-434. Hartzell, F. Z—The grape leaf-hopper, 148, Bul. 359.
Hewitt, C. G—The spring grain aphis or “green bug” (Toxoptera
graminum), 4, 1913, 77-80. Teodoro, G.—Sulla struttura delle valve
anali del “Lecanium Oleae,” 169, viii, 458-61. Wheeler, W. M.—
A giant coccid from Guatemala, 5, 1913, 31-33.

Distant, W. L.—Homoptera. Cicadidae, subfam. Cicadinae, 194,
fas. 142, 63 pp. Kirkaldy, (late) G. W.—Generic tables for the cimi-
cid subfamilies Phyllocephalinae, Phloeinae and Dinidorinae, 4,
1913, 81-84. Lallemand, Vi—Homoptera. Cercopidae, 194, fas. 143,
167 pp.

LEPIDOPTERA. Burgess, A. F.—The dispersion of the gipsy
moth, 7, Bul. 119. Cockerell, O. J.—lIllustrations of American L.,
9, 1913, 73. Dawson, H.—Some notes on Hepialus hyperboreus, 75,
1911, 81-82. Frohawk, F. W.—Hibernation of Pyrameis atlanta, 9,
1913, 40-42. Gill, J. B—The fruit tree leaf-roller (Archips argyros-
pila), 7, Bul. 116, pt. 5. Harwood, W. H.—Duration in the larva
state of Trochilium apiformis, 9, 1913, 58. Johnson & Hammar.—
The grape-berry moth (Polychrosis vitaena), 7, Bul. 116, pt. 2.
Kleine, R—Die kummelmotte Schistode-pressaria nervosa, 92, 1913,
37-41 (cont.). Das ei von “Propylaea 14-punctata,” 166, vi, 330-31.
Kosminsky, P.—Zur frage ueber die unbestandigkeit der morpholo-
gischen merkmale bei Abraxas grossulariata (Russian), 182, xii,
313-28. Rau & Rau.—tThe fertility of Cecropia eggs in relation to
the mating period, 198, xxiv, 245-50. Rizzi, M.—Sullo sviluppo dell’-
uovo di “Bombyx mori,” 169, viii, 323-59. Rothke, M.—Ein weiteres
beispiel des schlupfens von schmetterlingen bei niederer temperatur,
92, 1913, 1-3. Rowland-Brown, H.—Further notes on Hesperid
classification, 9, 1913, 25-28, 109-10. Schmidt, A.—Die entwicklungs-
geschichte von “Oxytrypia arbiculosa” (Hungarian), 49, x, 617-37.
Schuster, W.—Beitrage zur oekologie und biologie dieser “Licht-
motte” (Eurrhypara urticata) wie der Hydrocampinae uberhaupt,
92, 1913, 42-44. Sheldon, W. G.—A contribution to the life-history
of Brenthis frigga, 9, 1913, 80-81. Tanaka, Y.—Studies on the struc-
ture of the silk glands and the silk formation in Bombyx mori, 428,
iv, pt. 2, 1-28, 1911. Watson, J. H—Hewitson’s drawings of L., 9,
1913, 63. Wood, J. H.—The wingless geometer, 8, 1913, 59-61.

236 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ May, ’13

Boullet, E.— Description d’une forme femelle de Baronia brevi-
cornis, 87, 1913, 99-101. Comstock, W. P.—A new No. American
butterfly in the family Lycaenidae, 411, viii, 33-36. Dyar, H. G.—
Descriptions of n. spp. of Saturnian moths in the coll. of the U. S.
Nat. Museum. Descriptions of new L., chiefly from Mexico, 50,
xliv, 121-134, 279-324. The species of Sphida. The larvae of Xan-
thopastis timais. A note on the Macrothecinae. 420, 1913, 18, 19, 22-
23. Jordan, K.—Diagnoses of some American Acraeinae, 9, 1913,
32-33. Jorgensen, P.—Zur kenntnis der Syntomiden Argentiniens,
92, 1913, 3-7 (cont.). Meyrick, E.—Heterocera, fam. Adelidae; fam.
Micropterygidae, 194, fasc. 132, 9 pp.; fasc. 133, 12 pp. Schaus, W.—
New spp. of Erycinidae from Costa Rica, 11, xi, 298-303. Swett, L.
W.—Geometrid notes—new varieties, 4, 1913, 75-76. Walsingham,
L.—Biologia Centrali-Americana, IV: Heterocera, 169-224.

DIPTERA. Adie, H. A.—Note on the sex of mosquito larvae,
281, vi, 463-66. Berlese, A.—La distruzione della Mosca domestica,
169, viii, 462-70. Bishopp, F. C.—The stable fly, an important live
stock pest, 179, vi, 112-126. Brues, C. T.—The relation of the Sto-
moxys calcitrans to the transmission of infantile paralysis, 179, vi,
101-110. Elser, H.—Aus dem leben der schlammfliege, 390, 1913,
33-39. Forbes, S. A.—(See below.) Frost, C. A.—Peculiar habits
of small D., “Desmometopa latipes,” 5, 1913, 37. Hunter, S. J.—
Pellagra and the sand-fly, II, 179, vi, 96-100. Illingsworth, J. F—A
study of the biology of the apple maggot (Rhagoletis pomonella),
together with an investigation of methods of control. Cherry fruit
flies and how to control them, 99, Bul. 324 and 325. Knab, F.—
Some earlier observations on the habits of Aphiochaeta juli, 420,
1913, 24. Richardson, C. H.—(See under Hymenoptera.) Strick-
land, E. H.—Further observations on the parasites of Simulium
larvae, 322, xxiv, 43-106. Tothill, J. D—Tachinidae and some Cana-
dian hosts, 4, 1913, 69-75. Vimmer, A.—Erganzungen zu dem auf-
satz “Zur kenntnis Phytomyza xylostei,’ 92, 1913, 19-21. Weiss,
H. B.—Positive thigmotropism of Culex pipiens in hibernation, 5,
1913, 36-7. Weiss, H. B.—(See under Coleoptera.)

Alexander, C. P.—New neotropical Antochini (Tipulidae), 5, 1913,
40-54. A revision of the So. American dipterous insects of the fam-
ily Ptychopteridae, 50, xliv, 331-35. Becker, T.—Berichtigungen
zur monographie der Chloropiden, 49, xi, 645-46. Forbes, S. A—
On black-flies and buffalo-gnats (Simulium) as possible carriers of
pellagra in Illinois, 421, xxvii, 21-55. Johnson, C. W.—Species of the
genus Gaurax of the eastern U. S., 5, 1913, 34-35. Insects of Florida,
158, xxxii, 37-90. Knab, F.—Some neotropical Syrphidae. Names
and synonymy in Anopheles. 420, 1913, 13-17. Malloch, J. R—A
new genus and 3 n. spp. of Phoridae from N. America, with notes on
....Crepidopachys and Pronomiophora, 5, 1913, 23-26. Descriptions

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 237

of n. spp. of American flies of the family Borboridae. Two n. spp.
of D. in the U. S. National Museum collection, 50, xliv, 361-372,
461-463. Villeneuve, J—Notes synonymiques, 38, xxxii, 128.

COLEOPTERA. Boving, A. G—Studies relating to the anat-
omy....of Dytiscidae, 160, 1913, Biol. Sup., pt. 2, 28 pp. Champion,
G. C.—C. in orchids, 8, 193, 55-56. von Dalla Torre, K. W.—
Coleopterorum catalogus. Pars 50: Scarabaeidae; Meloionthinae,
IV, pp. 291-450. Dow, R. P—Makers of coleopterous species, 411,
vili, 37-41. Gibson, A-—Blister beetles, 75, 1911, 83-88. Houlbert,
C.—L’arlequin de Surinam, 79, 1913, 241-242. Kleine, R—Ueber
den stridulationsapparat bei “Sibinia pellucens,”’ 166, vi, 357-59.
Knab, F.—Larvae of Cyphonidae in Bromeliaceae, 8, 1913, 54-55.
Lasch, W.—Einige beobachtungen am herzen der hirschkaferlarven,
351, xiv, 312-19. Lengerken, H. v.—Beitrag zur lebensgewohnheit
von Otiorrhynchus rotundatus, 92, 1913, 7-12. Newell, W.—Notes
on the rice weevil (Lissorhoptrus simplex), 179, vi, 55-61. Schulze,
P—Studien ueber tierische korper der carotingruppe, 59, 1913,
1-22. Weiss, H. B.—Some tropic reactions of “Megilla maculata”
and notes on the hydrotropism of certain mosquitoes, 4, 1913, 85-
87. Wesenberg-Lund, C.—Biologische studien ueber Dytisciden,
160, 1913, Biol. Sup., pt. 1, 129 pp.

Bowditch, F. C—Notes on Chlamydae with descriptions of a
few new forms, 2, xxxix, 1-21. Clavareau, H.—Coleopterorum cata-
logus, Pars 51. Chrysomelidae: 1. Sagrinae; 2. Donaciinae; 3.
Orsodacninae; 4. Criocerinae, 103 pp. Dupuis, P.—Carabidae, sub-
fam. Notiophilinae, 194, fasc. 134, 5 pp. Fall, H. C.—A brief review
of our species of Magdalis, with notes and descriptions of other No.
Am. Rhynchophora, 2, xxxix, 23-72. Kerremans, C.—Monographie
des Buprestides. VI, Livr. 4, 5, 6. Pic, M—Deux nouveaux An-
thicides de la Republique Argentine. Trois nouveaux Pelecoto-
moides, 87, 1913, 46-48, 93-94. Wickham, H. F—New No. Ameri-
can Elateridae and Scarabaeidae, 5, 1913, 27-31.

HYMENOPTERA. Bischoff, H.—Ein interessanter hymenop-
terenzwitter, 92, 1913, 53-54. Brun, R.—Zur biologie von Formica
rufa und Camponotus herculeanus, 92, 1913, 15-19. Forel, A.—Die
weibchen der “Treiberameisen” Anomma nigricans....nebst eini-
gen anderen ameisen aus Uganda, 104, xxix, 173-181. Foster, S. W.
—The cherry fruit sawfly (Hoplocampa cookei), 7, Bul. 116, pt. 3.
Rohwer, S. A.—Chalcidids injurious to forest tree seeds, 7, Tech.
Ser. 20, pt. VI. Wheeler, W. M.—Notes on the habits of some
Central American stingless bees, 5, xx, 1-9. Winn, A. F.—A hy-
menopterous parasite of Hepialus thule, 75, 1911, 70-71.

238 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, ’13

Cockerell, T. D. A.—Melionine bees from Central America, 5,
1913, 10-14. Emery, C.—Formicidae, subfam. Dolichoderinae, 194,
fasc. 137, 50 pp. Kurdjumov, N. V.—Synonymic note on some Tri-
chogrammatidae, 182, xii, 281. Mocsary, A.—Species Chrysidida-
rum novae, 49, x, 385-414, 549-592. Richardson, C. H.—An unde-
scribed hymenopterous parasite of the housefly, 5, 1913, 38-39.
Rohwer, S. A.—Results of the Yale Peruvian expedition of 1911—
Vespoidea and sphecoidea, 50, xliv, 439-54. Viereck, H. L.—Re-
sults of the Yale Peruvian expedition of 1911.—Ichneumonoidea,
50, xliv, 469-70.

Doings of Societies.
FELDMAN COLLECTING SOCIAL.

Meeting of January 15, 1913, at 1523 South Thirteenth
Street, Philadelphia. Eleven members were present. Presi-
dent Haimbach in the chair.

The President read his annual address, which was ordered
to be incorporated in the minutes.

The following officers were elected to serve for the year
1913: President, Frank Haimbach; Vice-president, H. A.
Wenzel; Treasurer, H. W. Wenzel; Secretary, George M.
Greene; Assistant Secretary, Chas. T. Greene.

Mr. Wenzel remarked on the genus Eleodes and particu-
larly on a minute species collected by H. A. Wenzel in South-
ern Texas. This species is not in the American Entomologi-
cal Society’s collection or the Horn collection. He had sent
this with three other species to Dr. Blaisdell (who has worked
on this group for ten years, having had the material from the
collections all over the United States) for confirmation, as he
had worked it out in Dr. B.’s monograph as debilis LeC. The
reply received was that the former was undoubtedly debilis
and the other three, had they been found in Arizona or further
north, he would pronounce to be all new species, but having
come from Texas they might be Mexican, and he would
have to look them up further in the Biologia Centrali Ameri-
cana Coleoptera.

Two species of moths were exhibited by Geo. M. Greene;
Chloridea virescens Fabr., collected on a window in City Hall
by himself July 2, 1912; among other things this species in-

Vol. xxiv] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 239

fests the tobacco plant. Mesoleuca vasaliata Gn., from Rox-
borough, Pa., April 16, 1910, collected by C. T. Greene.
Adjourned to the annex.

Meeting of February 19, 1913, at 1523 South Thirteenth
Street, Philadelphia. Nine members were present; Mr. John
Pemberton, Jr., of this city, visitor. President Haimbach in
the chair.

Mr. Wenzel stated that he had gone over Cychrus and had
added many species to his collection of this group, which now
numbers about four hundred specimens. These were exhib-
ited. He said that it was peculiar that all the iridescent forms
came from this side of the Rockies. His collection of Dicaelus
was also shown, with only one known species missing.

Mr. Harbeck started a discussion on the Bot Flies, and ex-
tracts were read from Howard’s “Insect Book.” The chapter
on Midges was also read by Mr. Wenzel, Jr.

Mr. Wenzel, Jr., said he had noticed small white larvae in
the seed-pods of the wild hollyhock, Hibiscus moscheutos, at
Essington, Pa., but none of the members knew the species.

Adjourned to the annex.

GeorcE M. GREENE, Secretary.

OBITUARY.
L. E. Ricksecker.

Lucius Epcar RICKsECKER, well known to all American
students of Coleoptera, died at his home in San Diego, Cali-
fornia, January 30, 1913, (as was briefly announced in the
News for March, page 144), of an attack of angina pectoris,
following a stroke of paralysis, nine months before, from
which he had recovered but slightly.

He was born in Nazareth, Pennsylvania, January 14, 1841.
From October, 1862, to July, 1863, he was a corporal in the
153d Pennsylvania volunteers. In 1868 he went to Salt Lake
City, where for several years he was in charge of the Division
Engineer’s office of the Union Pacific Railroad, and later serv-

240 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, 13

ed in a similar capacity on the Northern Pacific Railroad at
Spokane. Since 1873 he has resided almost continuously in
California, and was for many years county surveyor, or City
Engineer, at Santa Rosa. Following the great earthquake
and fire of 1906, in which he lost heavily, he went to Oakland
for a year, whence in October, 1907, he moved to San Diego.

Mr. Ricksecker was an enthusiastic naturalist and a collec-
tor of objects of natural history from boyhood. At first birds’
eggs, fossils and shells received his attention, but later, largely
through the influence of Prof. O. B. Johnson, of the Univer-
sity of Washington (State), he became interested in insects,
especially Coleoptera, of which he accumulated a valuable col-
lection. These, with all other collections and his library as
well, were totally destroyed in the catastrophe which, on the
18th of April, 1906, fell almost as heavily on Santa Rosa as
upon San Francisco. He did not again attempt a private cabi-
net, but for several years he collected for sale Lepidoptera
and Coleoptera about San Diego, among these a number of
species new to science.

Mr. Ricksecker is best known to entomologists as a Col-
lector of West Coast Coleoptera, and there is hardly a cabinet
of any size in this country but that has been enriched by his
efforts. While he has published very little, he has contributed
from his experience much valuable information in letters to
correspondents, notably, on the occurrence and habits of Pleo-
coma, and such fine species as Pleocoma rickseckeri and Cych-
rus rickseckeri have been named in his honor.

A correspondent for many years previously, I have, for the
past dozen years, been personally acquainted with Mr. Rick-
secker. I found him a good naturalist, well and widely inform-
ed; a courteous gentleman; a firm friend, generous and just in
all his dealings—in short, a man that it was worth while to
know.

Mr. Ricksecker was married in 1881 to Miss Henriette E.
McFarland, of San Francisco, his second wife, who survives
him, Fiore.

CoRRECTION.
Page 186 (April News), lines 5 and 6. The paper on Schlechtendalia
credited to Rigakuhakushi, C. S., should be credited to Sasaki, C.

EXCHANGES.

Not Exceeding Three Lines Free to Subscribers.

#- These notices are continued as long as our limited space will allow; the new
ones are added at the end of the column, and only when necessary those at the top
(being longest in) are discontinued

For Exchange—Lepidoptera from Pennsylvania, Florida, Arizona
and California for desirable North American species.—Henry Engel, 753
Ensign Ave., Pittsburg, Pa., U. S. A.

Exchange—I desire to exchange Lepidoptera in papers with collec-
tors in the Southern States, Central America, India and Japan.—Paul C.
Squires, Clinton, N. Y.

Wanted—Entomologica Americana, Vol. III, No. 12. Will pay cash
or give Lepidoptera in exchange. Have western species in papers and
local species mounted to offer for other mounted Lepidoptera.—Alex.
Kwiat, 2055 Pensacola Ave., Chicago.

I have hundreds of North American Lepidoptera of all families to
exchange. Exchange lists asked for. Mine on application.—Joseph H.
Reading, 1456 N. Rockwell St., Chicago, II.

Specimens of 7hanaos lucilius desired. Also specimens of 7hanaos
from the south and west. Good exchange given. Will also name speci-
mens.—Henry Skinner, Logan Square, Philadelphia.

Wanted—Living cocoons of 7iphia inornata and Myzine sexcincta.
Will paw *10.00 per hundred Please correspond for details of shipping
and qua tity wanted, etc —Experiment Station, Hawalian Sugar Plant-
er’s Association, Honolulu, Hawaii

Wanted—Tipulidae (Craneflies) from any part of the Globe, but espe-
cially of North America. Will buy for cash or give exchanges in Lepi-
doptera or Coleoptera —Dr. W. G. Dietz, Hazleton, Pa.

Wanted for cash, no exchange, general entomological literature to
1830 ; all literature directly or indirectly on North American Coleoptera
to date. European and American dealers send lists.—R. P. Dow, 15
Broad St., New York, U.S. A.

BUTTERFLY HUNTING IN MANY LANDS

NOTES OF A FIELD NATURALIST

By GEORGE B. LONGSTAFF, M A., M.D. (Oxon.), late Vice-Presi-
dent Entomological Society, London. To which are added Translations of
Papers by FRITZ MULLER on the Scent-Organs of Butterflies and Moths:
With a Note by E. B. POULTON, D.Sc., F. R. S. With 16 Plates, 7 of them
Colored. 8vo. Pp. xx + 728. $7.00 net. (Postage 22 cents.)

Butterflies occupy the first place, but Moths and Beetles, Bees and Wasps
come in for a share of attention. Isolated entries in note-books are strung
together into a continuous narrative, especial attention being given to habits.
In the last chapter numerous observations are brought together under various
headings such as the scents of butterflies, peculiarities in their flight, or in their
attitudes at rest, mimicry, etc. Many new species of various orders are figured.

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CALIFORNIA LEPIDOPTERA.

Experienced collector and propagator of California Lepidoptera, again going to make
an extensive tour of California, breeding and collecting in each locality. Gentlemen or
Museums wishing quantities of each species taken, can have them at a flat rate of five
cents each. Fertile ova and cocoons of those bred cheap. Parties wishing only certain
species should send for my price list, and save 50 per cent. on their Calif. Lepid. Still
a few of this season’s catch on hand. Lycaena anna 50 cts. pair; this Lycaena retails
at about $2.00 pair. Parnassius clodius 50 cts. pair. Argynnis egleis 30 cts. pair, ete.
Noctuidae and Geometridae 5 ets. each for quantity, lots only, and unnamed. State if
wished in papers or on pins. Sent on approval by my new system of mailing, which
insures us both.

Prof. JAS. SINCLAIR, 333 Kearny St., San Francisco, Cal.

JUST PUBLIS Fi E

Notes on Calligrapha and its allies, with descriptions of a few new spe-

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Descriptions of new species of North American Neuropteroid Insects, by

Nathan Banks, 26 pp., 3 pls. . . .40
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notes on described genera and species, by A. A. Girault. 72 pp. .75

The Entomological Writings of John Hamilton, with an Index to the
New Coleoptera described and named, and an Account of the
Disposition made of his Collection and Entomological Library,

by Haran Klages) 7 5pp! a: .I0
The Ichneumon Flies of America belonging to the Tribe Ophionini, by

C. W. Hooker, 176 pp., 3 pls. . 2.00
Notes on Chlamydae, with descriptions ‘of a few new ‘species, ‘by Fred.

C. Bowditch, 21 DDse .20

A Brief Review of our Species of Magdalis, with Notes and Descriptions
of other North American Rhynchophora, by, He.G.7 Fall) so) pp. aeese

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