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Biological : &

Medea DECEMBER, 1911.
a

ENTOMOLOGIGAL NEWS

Wed. SOX TT. Woe tG:

ONTO BI ANGH
WUGICAL SOCIETY
GF ONTARLO

re ttre os Cr Cement a

Major John Eatton Le Conte, 1784-1850.

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454

Ent. News, VoL. XXII. Plate XV.

HENRY C. McCOOK.

ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS

PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION

ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.

Voorn so <II, DECEMBER, Iog!Ilt. No. 10.
CONTENTS:
Obituary—Henry Christopher McCook 433 ter modestus......---.---.eeseeeees 449
Schaus—A new Papilio from Florida, Girault—Standards of the Number of
__and one from Mexico...-.......--- 438 Eggs laid by Spiders—I. (Arach.) 461
Gillette—A new genus and four new Cockerell—An Aleyrodes on Euphor-
species of Aphididae (Rhynch.).... 440 iba, and its Parasite (Rhynch.) .... 462
McCoy—A new Flea, Ctenophthalmus IDG xero Fl UnoeaobaUedS po aunos aaceaucoadoT 465
heiseri spec. nov. (Siphonaptera).. 445 | Notes and News....-..---.+++e++eeeees 466
Calvert—Studies on Costa Rican Odo- Entomological Literature ..........-.- 471
nata. I]I—Structure and Transfor- Doings of Societies .......+.-+eseereees 477

mation of the Larva of Mecistogas-

Henry Christopher McCook.

(Portrait, Plate XV.)

The Reverend Doctor Henry Christopher McCook died at
his home in Devon, Pennsylvania, at a quarter past eleven
o'clock, of the morning of October 31, 1911.

An editorial in one of the leading Philadelphia newspapers
for the morning after his death justly remarks:

“In the death of the Rev. Henry C. McCook, D.D., Pennsyl-
vania loses one of its most distinguished citizens. Doctor Mc-
Cook was one of the “fighting McCooks” and saw himself ser-
vice in the Civil War; he was a preacher of power; his long
occupancy of one of the chief pastorates in Philadelphia en-
deared him to thousands and thousands of Philadelphians; he
was a fine man, citizen and patriot. Asa minister and preacher
he occupied a high position, but his fame outside of Philadelphia
and of the circles of his own denomination rests on wholly dif-
ferent grounds, and it is likely to be enduring. He was one of
the world’s eminent scientific observers and investigators. Es-
pecially did he achieve distinction in the most interesting phase
of that department of natural history—the lives and works of
ants and spiders. It frequently happens that a man may write
entertainingly of these or similar subjects on a slight basis of

433

434 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec.,.. x

knowledge, and it also frequently happens that a man with deep
and accurate knowledge may have no skill in description, nar-
ration or exposition. But by a peculiarly happy conjunction
of capacities Doctor McCook was profoundly equipped as in-
vestigator and also a skilful writer. His works, therefore, are
a happy, combination of scientific accuracy and of the charm
which we usually look for only in romances.”

Henry C. McCook was the son of John and Julia Sheldon
McCook, and was born in New Lisbon, Ohio, July 3, 1837.
His father, a physician, was of Scotch-Irish descent ; his mother
came from New England. He attended Jefferson College, at
Canonsburg, Pennsylvania (now united with Washington Col-
lege, at Washington, Pa.,) receiving an A.B., in 1850. He is
said to have been a printer’s apprentice, then a student of law,
but finally studied at the Western Theological Seminary, at
Allegheny, Pennsylvania, until 1861. The Civil War breaking
out, he assisted in raising the Forty-first Regiment of Illinois
Volunteers, becoming a First Lieutenant and Chaplain therein.
After being in charge of Presbyterian churches in Clinton, II,
and in St. Louis (where he was exposed to much danger from
cholera epidemics), he was called to the pastorate of the Tab-
ernacle Presbyterian Church, in Philadelphia, entering his new
office in 1870. The church building was then at the southeast
corner of Broad street and South Penn Square, where the Betz
Building now stands, but the congregation moved to a new ed-
ifice, at Thirty-seventh and Chestnut streets, in 1886. At this
new location, Dr. McCook continued his ministrations until
1902, when ill-health compelled his resignation. Since then
he resided at Brookcamp, Devon, about sixteen miles from
Philadelphia, devoting himself to literary work.

Along with his pastoral duties, he found time to act as chap-
lain to the Second Regiment, National Guard of Pennsylvania,
both at home and in Cuba, during the war with Spain, in 18908;
to found and to act on the National Relief Commission in the
same war; to reorganize a hospital in Havana; to re-arrange
and mark the graves of American soldiers in Cuba; to serve
as chaplain in other semi-military organizations; to take an

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 435

active part in the establishment of the Philadelphia city flag;
to participate in political reform and philanthropic movements ;
to design the seal of the Presbyterian Church in America, and
to make researches into the early history of the denomination ;
to write theological essays like The Gospel of Nature and
Ecclesiastical Emblems, romances as The Latimers and Quaker
Ben, poems, and The Senator—A Threnody in Verse and Prose
(for Senator Hanna).

From this rapid sketch of his principal activities—and Dr.
McCook was first and chiefly a clergyman—it will be realized
that his entomological interests were secondary in his life. He
devoted himself in this latter field to the habits and taxonomy
of spiders and the habits of ants. His studies on spiders ap-
pear to have begun about 1873, to judge from expressions in
the prefaces to his American Spiders and their Spinning Work.
Professor Wheeler, in his recent comprehensive volume on
Ants, cites twenty-one books and papers on these insects from
Dr. McCook’s pen between 1876 and 1907, and at least one more
title of later date must be added to this list. Dr. McCook’s
_entomological work, therefore, commenced after his settle-
ment in Philadelphia, and his technical papers on both spiders
and ants appeared for the most part in the Proceedings of the
Academy of Natural Sciences and in the Transactions of the
American Entomological Society. Dr. McCook became a mem-
ber of the Academy in 1875, and served as one of its two vice-
presidents, from May 23, 1882, to December, 1900. The other
vice-president, for much of the same period, was the botanist,
Thomas Meehan, and among other active scientific members
were Leidy, Cope, Horn, Gibbons Hunt, Heilprin, Harrison
Allen and Ryder.

Dr. McCook entered the American Entomological Society in
1877 ; was vice-president from 1884 to 1893, and president from
1898 to 1900. His last appearance at an entomological gath-
ering was probably at the meeting, held in the rooms of the
Society and Entomological Section of the Academy, on De-
cember 29, 1904, at the occasion of the meeting of the Ameri-
can Association for the Advancement of Science.

‘

436 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [BDee,,. "a1

That part of his work on the habits of spiders and ants
necessitating field observations was done almost wholly in the
summers. As he wrote in one of the prefaces quoted above:

“The duties of my calling in a large city have held me rigorously
away from the open country except during two months of the year.
Summer vacations, and such leisure hours as a most busy life would
allow, have been given to the pleasant task of following my little
friends of the aranead world into their retreats, and watching at the
doors of their fragile domiciles for such secrets of their career as
they might happen to uncover. Occasional excursions at other times
were unavoidably brief, and often broken off at the point of promised
discoveries. I have, in part, indeed, overcome this obstacle by trans-
porting and colonizing specimens, and by directing the observations
of others. But, at the best, artificial conditions fall short of Nature’s
fulness, and no faithfulness of assistants can quite equal personal
investigations.”

So in August, 1876, he camped on Brush Mountain, near
Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania, to obtain the results recorded
in his Mound-Making Ants of the Alleghenies, their Architec-
ture and Habits (1877). Three weeks of the summer of 1877,
spent near Austin, Texas, furnished much of the material for
The Natural History of the Agricultural Ant of Texas, A
Monograph of the Habits, Architecture and Structure of
Pogonomyrmex Barbatus (1879), recording his conclusion
that “I do not believe that the ants deliberately sow a crop, as
Lincecum asserts. . . . . . ._ but, finally. [he thought]
that there is nothing unreasonable, nor beyond the probable
capacity of the emmet intellect, in the supposition that the crop
is actually sown” (pp. 38, 39), and for the description of the
Basilica Spider and her Snare (1878). The vacation of 1879,
in the Garden of the Gods, near Manitou, Colorado, ultimately
resulted in The Honey Ants of the Garden of the Gods and the
Occident Ants of the American Plains (1882). Of this work,
Professor Wheeler wrote (J. c. pp. 367-360).

“The first to publish a trustworthy account of this, or in fact any
of our Myrmecocysti, was McCook. He discovered horti-deorum in

the Garden of the Gods near Manitou, Colorado....... effectively dis-
pelled the notion that the repletes manufacture the honey which they
COmlteimenra te [made] careful dissections and figures of the gaster

of ordinary workers, semirepletes (“semirotunds”’) and repletes

ee

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 437

and inferred....that the honey-bearer is simply a worker with an
overgrown abdomen...... Although McCook gave excellent reasons
for believing that the replete must develop from a worker of the or-
dinary type, he did not actually witness the transformation.”

Dr. McCook’s opus magnus was his American Spiders and
their Spinning Work. A Natural History of the Orbweaving
Spiders of the United States with special regard to their in-
dustry and habits, in three quarto volumes, dated 1889, 1890
and 1893 (1894). The first treats of “Snares and Nests,” the
second of “Motherhood and Babyhood, Life and Death,” the
third contains “Biological Notes, Descriptions of Species.”
The whole is illustrated by 853 text figures and forty colored
lithographic plates of 913 figures. The author explained that he
“was induced to assume the disagreeable role of publisher by two
considerations, the first the wish to be free to present the book ac-
cording to his own ideas as to typography and illustration, which
however, were too luxurious to meet the views of ordinary publishers.
In the second place, as a commercial venture, the printing of a scien-
tific work of this sort, with so limited a circulation, gave no prospect
for remuneration for cost and care. It is indeed a work of love and
must be carried forward chiefly from a desire to enlarge the bounds of
truth. Morover, the cost was too considerable to warrant any Scientific
Society to undertake the work of publishing from funds always too lim-
ited. The author therefore accepted the burden of cost, together with
the yet more uncongenial details of selling, as a part of his task.”

The edition was limited to 250 copies and the author had re-
ceived subscriptions for about 140 of these at the time of pub-
lication of the second volume.

Of this work, Professor Thomas H. Montgomery, Jr.,
writes:

Dr. McCook’s studies on spiders, brought together in the three
large and beautifully illustrated quarto volumes of his work,
‘American Spiders and their. Spinning Work,’ represent the
most comprehensive accounts of the habits of spiders since
the times of Blackwall and Menge. These contain a wealth of
new observations particularly on the architecture of snares and
nests, as well as a full taxonomic treatment, accompanied by
colored plates, of the American Epeiride. This work is a
classic of arachnological literature, and has been a powerful
stimulus to other naturalists.”

438 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., ’11

His later entomological publications were chiefly of a popu-
lar nature. Such were Tenants of an Old Farm; leaves from
the note book of a naturalist (1885): Old Farm Fairies. A
Summer Campaign in Brownieland against King Cob-weaver’s
pixies, A Story for Young People (1895); Nature’s Crafts-
men, Popular Studies of Ants and Other Insects (1907); and
Ant Communities and How They are Governed, A Study in
Natural Civics (1909), in which the social activities of ants and
of men are compared.

Washington and Jefferson College, his alma mater, gave
him its LL.D.; Lafayette College made him D.D., and hon-
orary Sc.D., and he was an honorary member of the British
Association for the Advancement of Science.

Dr. McCook married in 1861, Emma C. Herter, who died in
1897. Two children, Mrs. William Slade Clark and Captain
Paul McCook, of the United States Army, survive their par-
ents. In 1899, Dr. McCook married Mrs. E. D. S. Abbey.—
Peb ac,

A new Papilio from Florida, and one from Mexico
(Lepid.).
By W. Scuaus, London, England.

Papilio ponceana sp. n.

$, Palpi black ringed with ochreous before tip. Head, collar, and
thorax black brown, with lateral yellow lines on frons continuing across
vertex, collar, and along patagia dorsally. Abdomen dorsally black,
laterally and underneath yellow.

Wings black brown, markings yellow. Fore wings: a narrow yellow
fascia from close beyond cell and vein 5 to middle of inner margin; a
spot above 5 more outset, and a large elongated spot above it contain-
ing a fuscous brown spot anteriorly; lunular spots above and below
vein 8, oblique towards apex; a spot close to cell above 7, surmounted
by short costal streaks; subterminal small semilunular spots, very small
above 6, and in a nearly straight line; terminal spots between the veins.

Hind wings: the medial fascia broader, irrorated with brown on
inner margin; large subterminal spots, the one on costa inset; the spot
between 4 and 5 projecting inwardly, those between 2 and 4 deeply

Vol. xxii} ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 439

lunular; the spot on inner margin elongated, shaded with rust brown,
heavily towards base, partly divided by a transverse black spot, and
surmounted by some bluish scales; terminal interspaces and margin
of tail yellow; the tail straight and of even width.

Fore wings below yellowish; fuscous streaks in cell; a black shade
at end of cell and along median, and on basal half of submedian; 2
broad postmedial black space from the much broader medial fascia to
subterminal spots, its outer edge lunular; this black space is irrorated
with yellow above vein 4, and from 6 to 8 forms two narrow lunules
merely edged with black; termen narrowly black, with yellow spots.

Hind wings below yellow, showing the dark surface of upper side; a
large black lunule at end of cell; an irregular brown postmedial space
widest between 3 and 4, and almost obsolete on costa, cut by the yellow
veins, and followed by light blue irrorations, narrowest between 4 and
5, widest between 2 and 3, separated from the brown space by an irreg-
ular black line, and followed on inner margin and between 2 and 3
by a black shade, and a black lunule at anal angle; a broad marginal
lunular black line; some yellow irrorations along vein 4 on tail. Ex-
panse 78 mm.

Female browner; the subterminal spots on fore wings lunular, those
on hind wings between veins 2 and 5 more deeply lunular. Hind wings
below more ochreous yellow, especially on outer margin. Expanse
85 mm.

Hab., Miami, Florida.

Allied to P. aristodemus from Haiti, and P. temenes Godt.
from Cuba, differing in the much narrower medial fascia, the
straighter row of subterminal spots, and in the markings un-
derneath. Types in U. S. Nat. Mus.

Papilio lopiusa sp. n.

6, similar to P. alopius G. & S., the tails however straight as in
P. montezuma, not spatulate; the spots on hind wings close together,
those between 6 and 7 almost suffusing; the inner row of spots larger
than in alopius, and whiter. Underneath the single costal spot is white, -
not red; the inner spots between 5 and 7 are large, lunular, and sut-
fuse with the outer spots. Expanse 82 mm.

Hab., Guadalajara, Mexico.

This may possibly be a hybrid between alopius and monte-
zuma. Typein U.S. Nat. Mus., Washington, D. C.

Both species were collected by the writer.

440 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., ’11

A new Genus and four new Species of Aphididae
(Rhynch.).
By C. P. Girtrterre, Colorado State Agricultural College,
Fort Collins, Colo.
(Plate XVI.)
ATARSOS n. gen.

Lice in all stages without tarsi; a small pulvillus-like pad on
the distal end of each tibia; moderately hairy, the hairs being
capitate in all stages; cornicles short, tapering; antennz in all
adults much shorter than the body and with numerous sensoria
on joints 3, 4 and 5, and with spur little longer than the joint
bearing it.

Type: Atarsos grindeliae, n. sp.

Through the kindness of Mr. J. T. Monell, I have been able
to examine mounted specimens, alate and pupe, of Mastopoda
pteridis Oest. Striking characters are the 6-jointed antenna
with the very long third and short fifth joints, the very long
filament, the long cornicles convex on the free end without
flange, and the vestigeal tarsi on all legs.

Atarsos grindeliae n. sp. (Plate XVI, Figs. 1-6.)
Described from specimens taken on leaves of Grindelia
squarrosa, at Fort Collins, Colo., May 23, 191T.

Alate Viviparous Female—Color of abdomen dull or dusky green;
head, thorax above and below, distal ends of femora, tibiae and anten-
ne black or blackish; eyes very dark red; on the dorsum are numer-
ous broken transverse dusky dashes, and lateral spots. Length of body
1.60 to 2 mm.; antenna I.lo mm.; joint 3 about equaling joints 4, 5 and
6 together (occasionally joints 3 and 4 are connate); joints 3, 4 and
5 with tuberculate sensoria about as follows: III, .40; IV, .18; V, .13;
VI, .09; spur, .13 mm; terminal joints very scabrous; venation normal,
the veins rather heavy and dusky; cornicles stout, cylindrical, sharply
constricted close to the rather broad flange, .15 mm. in length; cauda
short, broad at base and tapering to a moderately acute apex; all
tibiae ending in a light pad, depressed at the center and protruding on
the ventral surface and entirely without tarsi; hairs on all parts, except
the cauda, capitate.

Apterous Viviparous Female—Pale shining green in color, with
antennae, at least in distal half, distal ends of tibiae and cornicles
dusky to blackish; eyes red; cornicles distinctly stouter at base than

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 441

at tip; antennae about the same as in the alate form; numerous sen-
soria on joints 3, 4 and 5; joints 3 and 4 often coalesced on one or
both sides.

The most striking peculiarity of this louse is the entire ab-
sence of tarsi in all stages. There seems to be no modification
of form too difficult for nature to bring about if it is needed
and if sufficient time be given. This louse is undoubtedly bet-
ter able to travel over the sticky surface of the Grindelia leaves
without tarsi than with them. Yet two other species of lice
having well developed tarsi get along well enough on the same
plant.

On June 17 and 18 at Fort Collins the lice were common
among the young, tender leaves of the host plant, but no alate
lice or pupze could be found. The alate lice were migrating
freely two weeks ago. A rather common species from Fort
Collins to Denver at least, and taken many times by both Mr.
L. C. Bragg and the writer.

Brachycolus tritici n. sp. (Plate XVI, Figs. 7-9.)

Alate Viviparous Female——Specimens taken from leaves of
Colorado blue-stem, Agropyron glaucum, at Fort Collins, Colo.,
May 24, 1911, by L. C. Bragg.

Head, thorax above and below, antenna, except basal portion of
3rd joint, eyes, tarsi, distal ends of tibiae, and the greater portion of
the distal ends of the femora, cauda and anal plate black, and pow-
dered with white. Wing veins also conspicuously black, stigma blackish
and rather narrow and stigmal vein nearly straight; cubital twice
forked; abdomen light green, the color of the leaves of the grass and
lightly powdered with white; cauda stout, broad in basal portion,
pointed, and more or less dusky; cornicles a little yellowish or brownish
and slightly raised above the surface, not as long as broad; vertex
broad and but little convex; no antennal tubercles; length of body
1.30 to 1.50 mm.; antenna .70 to .£0 mm.; joints 4, 5 and 6 about equal;
spur a little longer than joint 4; joint 3 a little shorter than joints
4 and 5 together. There is an irregular row of about 8 sensoria on
distal two-thirds of joint 3 and about 2 sensoria on joint 4; length of
wing, 2.30 mm.

Apterous Viviparous Female—Body long and narrow, nearly paral-
lel-sided, and rather densely covered with a fine white powder; length
about 1.88 mm.; width .60 mm. The general color is pale greenish to

-442 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ Dec.,; a

pale yellowish; the head, distal one-half of antenna, most of the
rostrum, the anal plates, cauda and legs, especially the tarsi, dusky;
eyes black. In most specimens an impressed line just inside the
lateral margin extends nearly the full length of the thorax and abdo-
men. ‘The legs are very short, the hind femora measuring about .34
mm.; the hind tibiae .43 mm.; length of antenna .59 mm.; joint III
slightly the longest; joints IV, V and VI sub-equal; beak just sur-
passing the second coxae; cauda rather broad and flat, pointed, a
little longer than the width at the base; length .10 mm.; cornicles
very small, tuberculate, located upon joint 6; in color like the body
or a little dusky.

Described from specimens taken on wheat at Fort Collins,
October 10, 1908. Winged specimens have also been taken
early in June and in July.

Apterous Oviparous Female.—Apparently the apterous oviparous
females are exactly like the viviparous form. At least they are so
nearly alike that I do not notice any marked difference in characters.

Apterous Male.—A few males were present in the colony studied.
They are more yellow in color with less powder upon their bodies.
The antenna is entirely black or blackish, and the other parts that are
dusky in the females are dark in color in the males. Length about
1.10 mm.; width .40 mm.; length of antenna and the various joints
as in the viviparous female above, or slightly shorter; the rostrum
attaining the third coxae; hind femora, including trochanter .29 mm.;
tibiae .40 mm. I have not been able to distinguish any sensoria upon
the antenna except the cluster at the distal end of joint 6.

This is seemingly a rather rare species occurring upon
grasses, and has been taken several times by L. C. Bragg upon
the leaves of blue-stem, Agropyron glaucum, and upon wheat
during the summer months in the vicinity of Fort Collins.

Chaitophorus agropyronensis n. sp. (Plate XVI, Figs. 10-12.)

This louse differs so much in general appearance from typi-
cal Chaitophorus species that is scarcely seems right to place it
here, but I dislike to establish a new genus for it.

Alate Viviparous Female—General color of abdomen, green; the
black or blackish parts are head, thorax above and below, antenna
(except basal portion of joint 3), tarsi, distal ends of tibiae, entire
“femora, cornicles, a spot on each lateral margin of the abdominal
segments, a rather broad but much interrupted band on the abdominal
segments after the first, and narrow transverse dashes between the
segments, and the knobbed cauda. The wing veins and the stigma are

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. . 443
also black or blackish. The body is everywhere set with stout gray
hairs much as in the apterous form, and is also everywhere covered
with a white pulverulence. The cornicles are conical, the length being
less than the basal diameter; wing venation normal, the cubital usually
with two forks but the second fork sometimes lacking; the cubital
cell shallow, the vein being somewhat recurved; legs short and stout;
length of body 1.65 to 1.90 mm.; wing 2.50 mm.; antenna .65 mm.; hind
tibiae .60 mm.; tarsi unusually long, measuring .20 mm.; joints 3 and
4 of antenna coalesced into one with no indication of the union in
most examples before me, and equal in length to joints 5 and 6 and
the spur combined, the spur being a trifle shorter than the joint which
bears it, and this joint is fully as long, or a trifle longer than the joint
preceding it; hairs of body short and stout with acute points. Cauda
short with knob broad and not narrowly constricted at base; the long
third joint of the antenna with 4 to 5 small circular or oval sensoria.
The pupa is greenish yellow, set with gray hairs, and has very black
wing pads; black markings of abdomen very similar to the alate form;
a pair of very conspicuous black patches on mesothorax.

Described from specimens taken on Agropyron glaucum at
Fort Collins, Colo., May 30, 1911. Fairly common.

Apterous Viviparous Female—A rather long narrow bodied louse,
of a rather uniform rusty yellow color when fully mature but with a
distinct darker brown, somewhat broken stripe extending longitudi-
nally the whole length of the body on either side of the median line;
eyes dark red; legs and antenna dusky yellow, the latter with the
terminal joints blackened; number of joints 5; joints 4 and 5 and the
spur sub-equal. Antenna less than one-third the length of the body;
legs short and rather weak; cornicles raised but little above the sur-
face, broader at base than they are long; cauda knobbed; the entire
surface of body set with short, stout gray hairs.

A letter from Mr. E. O. G. Kelly, dated Wellington, Kansas,
October 6, 1908, states that he has taken this louse in several
places throughout the Northwest, both last year and the pres-
ent summer.

Agropyron glaucum is the only food plant upon which we
have taken this louse. The colonies rest upon the upper sur-
face of the harsh leaves of this grass and are usually accom-
panied by small ants.

Chaitophorus artemisiae n. sp. (Plate XVI, Figs. 13-16.)
Alate Viviparous Female—Abdomen cinnamon brown, head and
thorax brownish black; tibiae and basal portion of third joint of

444 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. (Dec, 1%

antenna pale yellowish; tips of tibiae and tarsi very black; veins and
stigma of wings dusky; cornicles short and stout and broadest at base,
where the diameter just about equals the length. Length of body 1.40
to 1.50 mm.; wing 2.25 mm.; antenna I.70 mm.; hind tibiae .85 mm.
Joints of antenna: III .40; IV .29; V .27; VI .11; filament .58 mm.;
sensoria about 4, on joint 3.

Described from specimens taken at Boulder, Colo., June 1,
1911, by L. C. Bragg.
I have taken the alate lice at Fort Collins as early as May 25.

Apterous Viviparous Female-——General body color almost uniform
brownish black, highly polished throughout; antenna black in distal
portion to the middle of the third joint; legs black except the proximal
one-half of the tibiae which is yellowish in color; cornicles colored
like the body, tuberculate, not longer than broad, cylindrical, without
flange; prothorax with stout, blunt tubercles; body, legs and antennae
with a few weak hairs; antennae not upon distinct tubercles; vertex
moderately convex; cauda small, broader than long; antennal joints
about:.as follows: IIT :34) LW c265 Wese3: “Vil cigs” Vill sais
length of body 1.70 to 2 mm.; antenna I.40 mm.; sensoria I or 2, on
joint 3. Figure 13 is of a stem Q.

Apterous ¢ ¢ and oviparous 2 2 were seen in September
upon the same host plant but have not been described.

While this louse does not seem to be very common, it fre-
quently becomes very abundant upon individual plants of Ar-
tenusia dracunculoides.

The younger larvae are decidedly green in color.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE XVI.

Atarsos grindeliae: 1, alate agamic female; 2, apterous form of
same; 3, antenna; 4, cornicle; 5, footless tibia of alate form; 6, antenna
of apterous form.

Brachycolus tritici: 7, apterous, and 8, alate viviparae; 9, antenna of
alate form.

Chaitophorus agropyronensis: 10, alate and II, apterous viviparae;
12, antenna of alate form.

Chaitophorus artemisiae: 13, stem-mother; 14, alate agamic form;
15, antenna of alate form; and 16, third joint of antenna of apterous
summer form of same louse, but in most examples there is but one
sensorium.

All the figures of lice are enlarged 15 times; figures of antennae
and other small parts, 52 times.

Drawings by Miss M. A. Palmer.

Plate XVI.

XXII.

NEws, VOL.

ENT.

LATTE TET ETAT ae
4 =
a

SoS a ee

aT ARRSARAAS
ESO

reer
watys

Aat

pp O ss
KS)

NEW APHIDIDAE-—GILLETTE.

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 445

A New Flea, Ctenophthalmus Heiseri spec. nov.
(Siphonaptera).
By Greorce W. McCoy,

Passed Assistant Surgeon, U. S. Public Health and Marine
Hospital Service, San Francisco, California.

Ctenophthalmus heiseri sp. n.

Female. Head—Occiput is very gently rounded, and forms with
the front of the head a distinct angle at which the occiput slightly
overlaps the anterior margin. A row of five large bristles is found
extending from just in front of and below the upper extremity of
the antennal groove to the insertion of the maxillary palpi. Two

or three bristles are found about one-third of the distance from
the posterior margin of the occiput; the upper near the midline,
the lower further forward and about midway to the upper end of
the antennal groove. Posterior to these is a row of about five
bristles extending slightly forward; the lower being about midway
between the upper extremity of the antennal groove, and the pos-
terior border of the occiput. The posterior inferior curved margin

446 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec as

of the gena carries a row of five stout spines. The origin of the
upper one is apparently overlapped by a chitinous projection. The
three succeeding ones are of about the same length. The lowest one
is somewhat shorter than the others. Near the middle of the front
margin of the gena is a very large bristle. The antennal groove is
about five-sixths of the depth of the head, and is not connected with
the opposite antennal groove by a furrow extending across the head.
Labial palpus extends beyond three-fourths the length of the an-

i
|
i

f SLL ae

terior coxa. The maxillary palpus is about as long as the first four
joints of the labial palpus. The first joint of the maxillary palpus is
longer than any of the succeeding joints. The eye is wanting.
Thorax.—Pronotum carries a row of about ten bristles just pos-
terior to the middle, and on the posterior margin a row of twenty
stout spines. The mesonotum bears two rows of very fine hairs
near the anterior margin; back of these there is a row of stouter
hairs, and still further back a row of about twelve heavy bristles.
The metanotum is similarly clothed except that the two rows of

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 447

fine hairs are wanting. The epimerum and the episternum of the
mesonotum are joined by a strongly marked suture. The epimerum
bears one hair, the episternum none. The episternum of the metanotum
carries one hair near the posterior superior angle, and a very large
bristle just below this.

Abdominal segments—The first tergite bears from before back-
wards an irregular row of hairs, a row of about 12 long bristles, a
row of shorter bristles, and six stout pegs or teeth between which
are long bristles. The second tergite carries about eight teeth between
which are small hairs, and behind these a row of bristles. The third
carries an anterior irregular row of hairs, then a row of bristles and
behind these a row of six teeth. The fourth has bristles like the third,
and four stout teeth. The fifth has similar hairs and bristles, and
two stout teeth near the midline. The sixth has about six long
hairs on each side. The seventh carries two antipygidial bristles on
each side. The second, third and fourth tergites have two bristles
below the stigma; the fifth and sixth have one. The sternites each
carry a row of long bristles.

Modified segments—The eighth tergite is quite hairy. The style
is cylindrical and carries a long hair at the point.

Legs—The hind coxae have several irregular rows of short, stout
bristles on the inner side below and toward the anterior margin.
Hind femur has three or four hairs on inner side. The last hind
tarsal joint has six spines on either margin, the last being a little
shorter than the preceding ones. Between the two distal spines are
two rather small spines.

Relative lengths of hind tarsal joints, 22, 14, 8, 5, 9.
Relative lengths of middle tarsal joints, 11, 8, 6, 4, Io.
Length—2.4 mm. e
Color, dark brown.

Type specimen in the collection at the U. S. National Mu-
seum, Catalogue No. 14,154. Host unknown. Locality, Mo-
jave, California.

The specimen was sent to the Honorable N. Charles Roths-
child, who kindly examined it and pronounced it a new spec-
ies of Ctenophthalmus.

Judged by the description of C. fraternus, Baker (1), the flea
described here stands nearer to it than to any other American
species.

1. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, Vol. 27,
1904, page 423.

448 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ Dec.,

Vi,

Wf jf
VA 4
Whiff —
/ ee ae
Lat Wh
ds PX

oe,
i; i/ i

/ Bis,

Ctenophthalmus heiseri sp. n., page 445.

II

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 449

Studies on Costa Rican Odonata.

III. Structure and Transformation of the Larva of Mecistogaster
modestus.
By Puiie P. Catvert, Pu.D., University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, Pa.
(Plates XVII-XIX)
The early stages of this long-bodied dragon fly whose dis-
covery and habits have been described in the News for Novem-
ber, pages 402-410, furnish the following

DESCRIPTION OF THE LARVA OF M. MODESTUS.

Material Studied:
(a) From Juan Vifias, Costa Rica.

Total length Body length
including caudal excluding
No. gills. caudal gills.
ai ES GRE Co (gills lacking) II mm.
49 2 8 So BROS C eee 15 mm. Les
54 2 OO ee ToOSh me
Gi ay Gat CU AR pe (gills lacking) ZnSe
56 ¢ partly transformed ........
sy © SSE Ane 25 mm. To:5. ““
Me ante) (ee 23 i: EQo a
PIUCEMIE AS = ls Scie ee ee (gills lacking)
SPR ELT ee e sd 1g9:57 *
Greed) extivia of March 13-16.... “ cs (in fragments)
nog: RGAE) ees Dern te 2I mm.
29 Cs BAe acne ees 24 % oor ES
3 9 RMN estes So gE wid arore 308 75 TAP
@ exttvia of April 28...... (gills imperfect) (distorted)
9 e MIRE TT says foro isle 23.5 mm. 19.5 mm.
é ¥ “es Ve (gills lacking) (distorted)
tor ? larva recovered from crop of
INIGL. 1 we BEARS eee (in fragments)

(b) From Orosi, Costa Rica, March, 1o1t, collected by Sr. C. Picado
T., and forwarded by Prof. J. F. Tristan.

Q exuvia dimensions as above, 20.5 and 18 mm.

@ exuvia dimensions as above, 23 and 19.5 mm.

(c) From Cordoba, Mexico, April, 1908, bred by Mr. F. Knab.
(See Calvert, 1910.)

@ exuvia (distorted).

450 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., ’11

Mature larva. =

Description based on larve Nos. 1, 2 and 58, and exuvie of 55, 57,
59, April 28, May 1, Orosi (2) and Cordoba.

Color, pale yellowish- to reddish-brown, according to the length of
time which has elapsed since moulting, posterior ends of abdominal
segments darker.

Head concave in the middle posteriorly for the reception of the
prothorax, angles of the hind margin rounded off and clothed with
short hairs and short spines. Compound eyes distinct. Ocelli indi-
cated by three pale yellow spots.

Antenne 7-jointed, ratios of the lengths of the joints in an antenna
detached from larva No. 1 and in alcohol under a cover-glass: 18, 20,
33, 26, 19, 12, 7; joints I to 7 successively decreasing in thickness
(Pl. XVII, Fig. 3), the distal ends of joints 3-6 a little thicker than
the proximal ends; naked, except for a whorl of long and very deli-
cate hairs on the middle of the 2nd and 7th joints and near the distal
ends of the 4th, 5th, 6th, and, in some, also the 3rd, joint; in dry
exuvie, e. g. after metamorphosis, these hairs are often matted down
on the antenne and not visible except under a compound microscope.

Ventral surface of each gena with a row of about twenty short
spines parallel to the posterior margin of the compound eye, the spines
directed forward.

Mandibles one-branched, apex of left mandible with five teeth, first
(counting from the dorsal margin) and third shorter than the other
three, ventralmost longest; apex of right mandible with four teeth
more nearly equal in size, ventralmost longest.

Maxille very similar to those of the larva of Cora described and
figured* in the first study of this series, except that the attenuate tip
of the inner lobe bears two, instead of three teeth.

Labium, when at rest, reaching almost or entirely to the hind edge
of the prothorax; mentum about twice as wide at the level of the
articulations of the lateral lobes as at its proximal end (Pl. XVII,
Fig. 6), strongly produced distad to form the median labial lobe which
lacks the slightest trace of a median cleft, but bears 32-41 crenulations
on each side of the median line (Pl. XVII, Fig. 2), usually a short
blunt spine in the excision between each crenulation and the next;
three or four pairs of setae near the middle and other shorter setae
situated more proximad and more laterad, and a number of very short
pointed spines near the crenulated distal margin, on the dorsal mental
surface; each lateral mental margin in the distal half with 14-21 short
conical articulated spines, which series is continued mesad by about
4 similar spines on a thickening near the articulation of mentum and
lateral labial lobe; on the ventral mental surface are two pairs of
moderately long setae, one pair proximal to, the other pair distal to,
the level of articulation of the lateral labial lobes, and many small

*Ent. News, XXII, p. 53, pl. III, Figs. 29, 31.

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 451

setae. Lateral labial lobes (Pl. XVII, Fig. 5) with a long tapering
terminal articulated spine and two tapering distal teeth, the inner
(mesial or ventral) of which is the longer, 6-7 setae between the
terminal spine and the base, and a group of 4-6 (8-9 Cordoba) short
conical spines on the lateral margin opposite the most proximal seta.

Thorax without well-developed tubercles or other peculiar struc-
tures. Mesostigmata latero-dorsal, between prothorax and mesothorax,
elongated transversely. Metastigmata smaller, lateral, close to the
anterior margin of the somite. In the alcoholic larve, the front wing-
pads reach to slightly posterior to the middle of abdominal segment
4 (Nos. 1 and 2), or to the anterior edge of 5 (No. 58), the hind
wing-pads to the hind end of segment 4 (Nos. 1 and 2) or to the mid-
dle of 5 (No. 58). In the (metamorphic) exuvize, the point reached
by the front wing-pads varies from the anterior edge of 4 to one-
fourth the length of 4, and that reached by the hind wing-pads from
one-third to one-half the length of 4. These differences between the
larve and the exuvie are probably due to the distortion produced
by the process of exuviation.

Legs slender, with very short hairs on the longitudinal carine, tarsi
three-jointed with two untoothed claws which are curved and very
sharp at the apex (Pl. XVII, Fig. 1), no empodium; on the distal part
of the tibiz and on each lateral margin of the plantar surface of the
tarsal joints are one or more rows of strong, trifid (or less frequently
quadrifid or pinnate) spines (Pl. XVII, Fig. 4), whose length ranges
from .07 mm. to .I5 mm.

Abdomen subcylindrical, of ten complete segments, decreasing grad-
ually in width and in height from 1 to Io, without dorsal or lateral
hooks, covered with minute hairs .1 mm. long. Viewed ventrally, the
lateral margins of each of segments 1-7 widen caudad from the an-
terior end to two-thirds or three-fourths of the segment’s length and
thence narrow to the posterior end. Hind dorsal margin of Io in the
middle shallowly concave and produced upward (dorsad).

Rudiments of accessory male genitalia visible under the chitin on
the ventral side of abdominal segment 2. Male gonapophyses rep-
resented by two strong sharply-pointed spines on the ventral side of
9, situated at three-fourths of the segments’ length, about half as
long as 9 and projecting ventrad and caudad to the level of the middle
of Io.

Female gonapophyses: ovipositor, in the alcoholic larve, reaching
to the middle (No. 2), or to seven-eighths (No. 58) of abdominal seg-
ment 10, in the exuvie to seven-eighths of 10, or to beyond this seg-
ment for a distance equal to about one-eighth of the length of 10;
the sharply-pointed genital valves reach to the middle of 10 (No. 2),
or to barely beyond 10 (No. 58), or in the exuvie to beyond Io for
as much as one-third of the length of Io.

452 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dee., a7

Rudiments of the superior appendages or ‘cercoids’ of the imago
viewed dorsally half as long, or less than half as long, as 10, digitate,
bent more or less ventrad near the middle of their length in the male,
nearly straight in the female, pale brownish-yellow. (PI. XVII, Fig.
8) sa)

The three caudal gills much darker in color than the abdomen,
lozenge-shaped or diamond-shaped in transverse section of the an-
terior portion or stalk (which comprises one-half to three-fifths of
the total length of the gill), the vertical diameter greater than the
horizontal, the four angles distinctly keeled or carinate, the carine
minutely serrate (less marked on the lateral carine of the median gill
and on the mesial carina of each lateral gill), each serration bearing
a short hair; on the two lateral gills the dorsal serrations are larger
and fewer than the ventral serrations, while on the median gill the
dorsal serrations are smaller and more numerous than the serrations
of the ventral edge. The height of each gill (i. ¢., its vertical diam-
eter) increases gradually from the base caudad to one-half or three-
fifths of the total length and then expands more abruptly into the
thinner, foliaceous, terminal portion (Pl. XVII Figs. 12, 13, Pl. XVIII,
Fig. 10), which may taper rather rapidly to an acute apex or may
end as a fully rounded convexity. The lateral carine of the anterior
stalk of the gill are not continued on to the terminal foliaceous por-
tion, but the dorsal and ventral carine are continuous with the non-
serrated but sparsely hairy dorsal and ventral edges of the foliaceous
part. The maximum height of the foliaceous part is about twice the
maximum height of the stalk. The caudal gills are held in life so that
the foliaceous part is vertical (Pl. XVIII, Fig. 11).

The following viscera are described from larva No. 1, the only one
which has been dissected as yet.

The fore-gut reaches to the middle of the third abdominal segment,
the mid-gut to the anterior end of the seventh abdominal segment
(Pl. XVII, Fig. 8). The distinct gizzard is armed with eight larger
and eight smaller longitudinal chitinous folds, all bearing teeth (PI.

a i 5 + 23%
XVII, Fig. 9), whose formula may be written 8 (F : f=
(cf. Higgins, 1901, pages 132, 133, 136.)

The rectum opened longitudinally and spread flat has three wider
cellular (glandular?) longitudinal areas, one of which is mid-dorsal,
the other two right-ventral and left-ventral respectively, separated by
narrower, non-cellular, longitudinal bands (Pl. XVII, Fig. 10). The
nuclei of the cellular areas can be seen in the unstained rectum, but
become much more distinct after staining (alum carmine was em-
ployed). Each of these three cellular areas is supplied with a branch-
ing trachea which for the ventral areas is a derivative, direct or in-
direct, of the lateral trachea of the same side of the body (Pl. XVII,

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 453

Fig. 7); the origin of the mid-dorsal rectal trachea was not deter-
mined. The three non-cellular longitudinal bands of the rectum had,
when the viscus was first opened, the shiny, silvery appearance which
suggests enclosed air, but no trachee could be followed into these
bands. The chitinous lining of these bands was much wrinkled into
short folds.

The crop of this larva (No. 1) contained fragments of a smaller
larva of the same species which belong undoubtedly to the small larva
referred to on page 407 as having been collected at the same time;
these fragments were identifiable as follows: A large part of the head,
most of the mentum with left labial lobe and much of the right labial
lobe still attached, groups of two or more abdominal segments, and
two of the caudal gills. The crop also contained a mosquito larva 4.2
mm. long, comprising head, thorax and abdomen all in one piece;
and most of the body of a copepod measuring .3 mm. long. The size
of these fragments is such as to excite. wonder that they were not
more minutely subdivided by the mouth-parts, unless indeed their size
is due to unusual ‘bolting’ by the larva under the stimulation of cap-
ture. Behind the gizzard the contents of the alimentary canal were
much smaller particles and if the food fragments in the crop were
not abnormally large, there is here more evidence of a subdividing
function in the gizzard than I was able to adduce on another occa-
sion (Calvert, 1899, p. 416).

The arrangement of the principal tracheze is indicated in Pl. XVII,
Figs. 7, 8. It does not differ in any important features from that
shown in a large-scale (unpublished) drawing which I made many
years ago from a living larva, 2 mm. long, of the European Agrion
puella. The chief trachee of two caudal gills have also been figured
(Pl. XVII, Figs. 12, 13) from the preserved material. Unfortunately,
no study of the finer tracheoles was made from life, when alone they
can be distinctly traced.

The ventral nerve cord consists of suboesophageal, pro-, meso-,
and metathoracic pairs of ganglia (these last three in their respective
somites and very distinct from each other), and seven pairs of ab-
dominal ganglia as follows: the first in the middle of segment 1, the
second near the hind end of 2, the third at the articulation of 3 and
4, the fourth to the seventh in the extreme anterior ends of 5, 6, 7
and 8 respectively.

Developmental Changes in the Larva.
Comparison of larvae Nos. 48, 49, 54, 3 and that (No. ror)
recovered from the crop of No. 1 and the exuviae of 58 and

61 listed on page 449, have furnished only the following differ-
ences from the above description of the mature larva:

[Dec., ’11

ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.

454

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Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 455

In this table the forms compared have been arranged in or-
der according to size from the smallest to the largest. The in-
crease in total length and in body length is accompanied with
increases in the number of crenulations and of spines of the
mentum and in the lengths of wing-pads and of female gonapo-
physes except in larva No. 3. Miss Butler (1904) has found
an increase in the number of distal mental crenulations to take
place with increasing age in the larva of Lestes uncatus, while
a lack of constant correlation between increased size and in-
creased length of wing-pads has been noted by Balfour-Browne
(1909, p. 278) and Backhoff (1910, p. 654) for larvae of sev-
eral species of European Agrionines.

A comparison of the last two columns of the table is inter-
esting as showing the amount of change which can take place
within ten days after a moult.

General Features of the Larva.

In spite of their unusual habitat, the larvae of M. modestus
show very few differences from the general Agrionine type of
larva, the stalked caudal gills of the later stages being one of
these. As in most, perhaps all, Zygopterous larvae, the caudal
gills may be lost without interfering with growth, development
and transformation (Pl. XVIII figs. 1-7, Pl. XIX fig. 8). Only
two features of the larvae seem to be distinct adaptations to
their environment, viz., the divided spines of the tarsi and dis-
tal ends of the tibiae, and the strongly-curved, sharply-pointed
tarsal claws, both classes of structures being apparently of as-
sistance in moving up and down the steeply-inclined or verti-
cal surfaces of the bromeliad leaves. So little has been done,
however, in comparing the minuter details of Odonate larvae
that it is not certain that these features are peculiar to Mecisto-
gaster. It is also important to note that the larva shows nothing
of the hypertrophy of the abdomen which is so striking a char-
acteristic of the imago. This great increase in abdominal length
is accomplished only at metamorphosis and is clearly brought
out by the figures on Plates XVIII and XIX.

456 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., ’11

TRANSFORMATION.

As related on page 407 the larvae collected at Juan
Vilas were brought to Cartago and placed in glass tumblers,
The opening of each tumbler was covered with a piece of net-
ting. In the early days of April, 1910, we noted that some of
these larvae showed signs of approaching metamorphosis, so we
took care that some leaves of the small bromeliad in each glass
touched the netting and thus afforded a means whereby the
larva could reach the latter and there attach itself for transfor-
mation.

On April 4 larva No. 59 had so attached itself and at 8.15 A.
M. the splitting of the cuticle on the thorax began. By 8.30 A.
M. the thorax, head, legs, wings and first four abdominal seg-
ments were disengaged and hanging from the exuvia which
was attached to the under side of the netting, the body of the
imago being sustained entirely by the hind end of the abdomen
which was still within the exuvia; the wings were about 10
mm. long. At 8.40 A. M. the imago was completely free from
the exuvia and clinging to the netting by its legs. In the mean-
time we had set up our camera in a convenient position in our
room; then pinned the netting cover with the exuvia and ex-
panding imago on it to the door of the wardrobe and obtained
the photographs which are reproduced as figure 8, Plate XVIII,
and figures 1-8, Plate XIX. The imago made its first flight at
1.53 P. M. It lived in captivity until April 11.

Larva No. 55 transformed April 6 and, with the experience
obtained from No. 59, we were able to secure photographs of
earlier stages in metamorphosis (Pl. XVIII, figs. 3-7). The
whole series of figures on these Plates, together with their ex-
planation, may dispense with further description here. As will
be seen from an examination of them, the great length of ab-
domen of the imago is a relatively sudden acquisition and is not
foreshadowed by the size of the larva. This may be still more
appreciated by comparing our figures with those of the trans-
formations of other Odonata as given, for example, by Latter
(1904) and Ward (1910). The decrease in thickness of the
abdomen between the stages represented in Pl. XIX, figs. 6 and
7 is also noteworthy.

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 457

On page 410 a hypothesis as to the usefulness of this long
imaginal abdomen has been suggested.

Efforts to secure a pairing between ¢ 55 and 2 59 were un-
successful.

THE SpEcIFIC IDENTITY OF THIS MECISTOGASTER.

In the Biologia Centrali-Americana (Calvert 1907, p. 354)
I was doubtful as to whether Costa Rican examples of M. mo-
destus should be referred to the race iphigenia Selys or not. In
describing iphigenia (from Bogota and Panama) de Selys
wrote (1886, p. 22): “La seule différence 4 noter en com-
parant ces exemplaires au type [de modestus] du Mexique,
cest que dans les deux sexes. la raie humérale interne est
reduite a une virgule basale trés courte,” and on the following
page he states, “9? Le bout des quatre ailes blanc laiteux.”

The material now before me is more extensive, so far as
Costa Rica is concerned, than that available when the Biologia
was written and consists of the following imagos:

Costa Rica, Juan Vinas (2 3 No. 55 and April 28, rg1o, and
32 2 Nos. 57, 59, and May 1; also the @ by Bruner quoted in
Biol Cent. Amer.), Orosi (1 @ by Sr. Picado) and Tuis (1
pair in coitu and 12 June, 1907, by Mr. C. H. Lankester, for-
warded by the late Prof. Biolley and now in the Acad. Nat.
Sci, nila.)

Guatemala, Purula (34 32) and Cubilquitz (1) cited in
Biol. Cent. Amer.

Mexico, Presidio in Vera Cruz (2¢ 22) and Atoyac (1 2 )
cited in B. C. A., Cordoba (fragments of two individuals reared
by Mr. F. Knab).

The pair from Tuis and the Juan Vifas male of April 28
have fully colored thoraces and on comparing them with the
equally well colored examples from Presidio and Atoyac, the
internal humeral ray is no shorter in the former than in the lat-
ter. The Juan Vifias female by Bruner has this ray of the
same length as the other Costa Rican specimens.

As stated in the Biologia volume, page 57, one female from
Presidio has the tips of the wings milky, as described by de
Selys for iphigenia; this female has the pterostigma creamy-

458 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., 711

white. The other Presidio female and the Atoyac female have
the pterostigma reddish and brownish respectively, but the tips
of the wings are not milky. All the Costa Rican females now
before me have the veins at the apices of the wings white but
in none of them is the membrane of the wing as milky as in the
first mentioned Presidio female which has the veins at the apex
brownish or blackish. My belief, as expressed in the Biologia,
p. 57, 1s that reddish and brownish pterostigmata in this species
indicate greater age than a white stigma. None of the Costa
Rican females before me have red or brown pterostigmata, al-
though two of the males have them dark brown.

Judged by the length of the internal humeral ray there seems
to be no reason for separating the Costa Rican specimens from
the Mexican, and as milkiness at the apex of the wings of the
females is evidently not a geographical character, whatever else
its significance may be, I refer all the Costa Rican specimens to
modestus.

LITERATURE, QUOTED.

BackHorF, P.—1gto. Die Entwicklung des Copulationsapparates
von Agrion. Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool., xcv.

BALFOUR-BROWNE, F.—1909. The Life-History of the Agrionid Drag-
onfly. Proc. Zool. Soc. London. August.

Burtier, H.—1904. The Labium of the Odonata. Trans. Amer. Ent.
Soc. xxx. June.

Catvert, P. P.—1899. Odonata from Tepic, Mexico, with Supple-
mentary Notes on those of Baja, California. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci.
(3) Zool. I. May.

Ip.—1907. Biologia Centrali-Americana: Neuroptera. London.

Ip.—r1910. Plant-dwelling Odonate Larvae. Ent. News, xxi, pp.
365-306. October.

Hiccrns, H. T.—1901. The Development and Comparative Structure
of the Gizzard in the Odonata Zygoptera. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.
April.

Latrer, O. H.—1904. The Natural History of some Common
Animals. Cambridge. :

SELYS-LONGCHAMPsS, E. pE—I886. Revision du Synopsis des Agrio-
nines Premiére Partie. Mem. Couron. Acad. Roy Belg. xxxviii.

Warp, J. J.—rto10. The Life Story of a Dragon-fly. The Strand
Magazine. October.

ENT. NEws, VoL. XXII. Plate X VIE.

MECISTOGASTER MODESTUS—caLvert.

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 459

EXPLANATION OF PLates XVII-XIX.
(All three Plates refer to Mecistogaster modestus Selys).

Piate XVII.

Fig. 1. Tarsus and distal end of tibia, larva No. 2. x 33.

Fig. 2. A little more than the right half of distal margin of mentum,
dorsal surface, larva No. 1. x 28.

Fig. 3. Right antenna, larva No. 1. x 18.

Fig. 4. A single trifid spine from the proximal tarsal joint of fig.
1, length .o7 mm. x 370.

Fig. 5. Lateral labial lobe from exuvia of larva No. 49. x 14.
Fig. 6. Labium, larva No. I. x 8.
Fig. 7. Principal tracheae supplying the rectum, larva No. 1. The

outlines of the ileum and rectum are shown by broken lines. The left
dorsal trachea (/dt) has been turned to the left out of its normal
position. x 9Q.

Fig. 8. Some of the principal viscera of larva No. 1. The outline
of thorax and first seven abdominal segments has been shown on the
right side only, the dorsal body-wall being supposed to have been
entirely removed from these segments, but its right half retained and
spread out to the right in segments 8-10. The dorsal trachea is in
normal position on the right (rdt), but turned over out of position
(Idt), and the lateral trachea (J/t) also exposed, on the left. The
dotted lines on the head show the outlines of the compound eyes. x 4%.

Fig. 9. One-fourth of the gizzard armature as seen when the viscus
is cut lengthwise and spread out flat, larva No. I. x 45.

Fig. 10. Inner surface of the rectum, larva No. 1, cut lengthwise
to the right of the mid-dorsal line and spread out flat. x 16.

Fig. 11. A caudal gill of larva No. Iol. x 9.

Fig. 12, 13. Caudal gills from larvae Nos. 48 or 49 and I, respec-
tively. x 9.

All these figures drawn by camera lucida and compound microscope.

Abbreviations :
ab, abductor muscle. mcgt, trachea to median caudal
ad, adductor muscle. gill.

mdrt, mid-dorsal rectal trachea.
mg, mid-gut.
mssp, mesostigma.

br, brain (cerebral ganglia).
dv, dorsal vessel.
fg, fore gut.

g7, seventh abd. ganglia
il, ileum.

Icgt, trachea to left caudal gill.

Idt, left dorsal trachea.
llt, left lateral trachea.

lurt, left ventral rectal trachea.

mt, Malpighian tubules.

mtsp, metastigma.

og, optic ganglion.

r, rectum.

regt, trachea to right caudal gill.
rdt, right dorsal trachea.

460 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec.,)71a

rit, right lateral trachea. | 2nd and 8th abd. segs.,
rurt, right ventral rectal trachea. | respectively.
sa, superior appendages (cercoids) | t, trachea.
of imago. wp, wing pads.
Sp. 1, Sp. 2, sp. 8, spiracles of Ist, |I-X, abdominal segments 1 to Io.

Piate XVIII.

Figs. 1, 2. Larva No. 55, placed on the netting out of water for
comparison.

Figs. 3-7. Larva No. 55, transforming April 6, 1910. Figs 3-5 show
the tracheal linings being pulled out of the right thoracic spiracles as
white lines.

Fig. 8. Larva No. 59, transforming April 4, 1910, 9.05 A. M. (For
continuation of this series see Plate XIX).

Fig. 9. Ventral surface of metamorphic exuvia No. 55.

Fig. 10. Dorsal surface of metamorphic exuvia No. 57. After
transformation the exuvial coverings of the gills as they dry become
shriveled. In this case special care was taken to spread them out on a
piece of paper that they might dry in approximately natural shape
attached to the paper.

Fig. 11. Larva No, 57 photographed alive in water, March 2, rg1o.

PLATE XIX.

Figs. 1-7. Larva No. 50, transforming April 4, 1910. Between the
taking of photographs 3 and 4 the netting was shifted to bring the
imago into side-view.

Fig. 8. Metamorphic exuvia of No. 59 after transformation, April
4, 1910, at 10.46 A. M.; 20 mm. long.

All figures on Plates XVIII and XIX from photographs by Amelia
S. Calvert.

THE PEcCKHAM COLLECTION OF SpIDERS.—The Public Museum of the
city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, has recently received a donation of
great value. This is the entire collection of spiders, chiefly Attide,
from all parts of the world, of Dr. George W. Peckham, whose
work on Solitary Wasps and Spiders is so well known. The collec-
tion includes many thousands of spiders, among them many species
determined by Simon. The types, of which a few are still in the col-
lection, will be sent to Cambridge, where the rest of Dr. Peckham’s
have been sent. Dr. Peckham included his entire library on Arach-
nida in this donation. He expects to leave shortly for Central Ameri-
ca, probably Guatemala, where he will stay for six months.

R. A. Murrxowsk!, Milwaukee, Wis.

Plate XVIII.

Ent. NEwS, VOL. XXII.

“Ww'V 90°86
OLl6L ‘bp Tddv
69 ‘ON VAUYT

WOu4

Ol6L

'@ HOHWW
49 *ON

“LYSA1VO

SNLSAGOW YALSVDOLSIOAW

49 ‘ON
dO VIANXS

gg ‘ON
dO WIANX3

‘Wy 02'°6

99

“OL6L ‘bh Vibd¥

"ON WAHY)

“WV bbl “WV Ob'L

——— —__
O16 ‘9 Tlddv

rs > os
gg *ON WAYYV1

“We Lord

“WW 92°L

“WV OL'6

"OL6L

“pb Wddv¥

9.68 A.M. 10.11 A.M. 10.46 A.M. 10.46 A.M,

9.48 A.M.

9.45 A.M.

9.20 A.M.

9.10 A.M.

Ent. NEws, VoL. XXII.

Plate XIX.

MECISTOGASTER MODESTUS—CALVERT.

WINGS 46 MM.

ABD.

71 MM.

ABD.

68 MM.

ABD,

WINGS 46 MM.

71 MM.

34 MM.

ABD.

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 461

Standards of the Number of Eggs laid by Spiders.—I.
(Arach.).

Being Averages Obtained by Actual Count of the Combined Eggs
from Twenty Depositions or Masses.

By A. A. Girautt, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

I, EPEIRA SERICATA Clerck. (=SCLOPETARIA Clerck.).

| l l
No. coun i :

No. |Date 1911) ee Su ceeere | eee tees | Max. Min. | Range
I | July 22 236 236.0 26: 300
2 227 463 221s |
3 | 239 702 234.

4 SY/ | 1039 | 259-7
5 182 le i227 244.2
6 254 1475 246.
7 166 | rO4qr | 234:
8 247 | 1888 236.
9 | 182 2070 | 230.

10 300 2270)" |" 1237. 300

II 279 2649 241.

12 261 | 2910 242.5

13 189 3099 238. |

14 114 3213 229 5 114

15 236 3449 | 230. |

16 292 3741 234.

7) 145 3886 229.

18 165 4051 226.

19 153 4204 | 221.

20, | 238 | 4442 222 ee 114

20 238 4442 222. 300 114 | 186 | Finals

All of the egg masses of this spider were collected at one
time from the sides of windows and beneath the sills, from the
under sides of piles of lumber stacked up on the ground, from
the sides of wooden structures under projections of all kinds
and from other similar situations in a limited area on the west-
ern shore of Lake Michigan occupied by an experimental sew-
age pumping station, Sanitary District of Chicago, Chicago, II-
linois. The collection was made during the afternoon of July
Be IOie.

The spider was extremely abundant in this situation, espe-
cially along the elevated boardwalks and platforms leading to
and from the several experimental sewage filters back of the

462 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., *1%

plant and bordering on the shores of the lake. Here, after
nightfall, their webs were very abundant. An abundance of
aquatic dipterous and neuropterous insects in the imaginal
stage afforded an ample supply of food. These latter were
partly from the sewage and partly from the lake.

Since a single female of this spider probably deposits sev-
eral or more masses of eggs during its life, the average given
should not be taken as the average total progeny of a pair but
rather as the approximate average number of eggs per mass.

An Aleyrodes on Euphorbia, and its Parasite
(Rhynch., Hym.).

By T. D. A. CocKERELL, University of Colorado, Boulder,
Colorado.

A short time ago Mr. FE. Bethel collected at Glenwood
Springs, Colorado, some material of Euphorbia robusta badly
infested by an Aleyrodes. I was able to breed out the adults
of the Aleyrodes, and also large numbers of an undescribed
parasite. This appears to be the first record of Aleyrodes on
Euphorbia in this country, though A. euphorbiae Loew was
found on Euphorbia peplus in Austria. Euphorbia robusta is
also the food plant of the very interesting moth Doa ampla
(Grote), which I have bred at Boulder. Dr. Dyar, who kindly
determined the moth, will describe the larva.

Aleyrodes pruinosus euphorbiarum n. subsp.

Adult Q.—(measurements in microns). Length of body 1200;
head and legs grey, thorax grey with the scutellum light yellowish;
abdomen light clear lemon yellow, with the apex broadly grey, and
dorsal markings as in A. pruinosus; eyes completely divided; third
antennal joint 160; joints 4 to 7 subequal, all together 224; length of
antennae about 432; anterior wing about 1595 long and 640 wide; main
vein distinctly angulate beyond middle (about 770 from base), but
with no upper branch, though this is represented by a slight fold;
anterior wings white with a faint greyish patch in apical field; border
of wing as in pruinosus.

Pupa.—Broad-oval, 1280 microns long, 1040 wide, or sometimes

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 463

smaller; nearly black, but variably brownish, becoming brown at sides;
usually no fringe of wax, but there is a very easily deciduous fringe
in good specimens, about 30 across, finely striate; no dorsal wax; an
obscure median keel, and the usual strong transverse sutural marks;
a more or less evident pale marginal zone, the edge of which is finely
crenulate. Immature specimens are brown. Vasiform orifice triangular ;
operculum very broad (62 broad and 30 long), truncate apically, much
as in A. amnicola, except that the sides form a much wider angle with
the truncation; lingua 30 broad at broadest part, and extending 27
beyond operculum, the apex broadly rounded, very minutely irregularly
beaded, slightly notched on each side just above widest part, below
which it rapidly narrows; a dark band crosses the lingua at the widest
part.

I had regarded this as a new species, but it was so close to
A. pruinosus Bemis, found on Heteromeles in California, that |
thought it prudent to send specimens to Mr. Quaintance to be
compared with type material of pruinosus. Mr. Quaintance
kindly replies that it seems to be structually identically with
pruinosus, though there are differences in color. He adds that
probably A. spiraeoides Quaintance will prove to be conspecific
with pruinosus. A. spiraeoides, also from California, has a
bright lemon-yellow pupa and the anterior wings of the adult
have two dusky spots. On comparing the Euphorbia species
with the description and figures of A. pruinosus, it seems to dif-
fer in having the pupa flatter (certainly not “very convex”),
the vasiform orifice more produced apically, and the operculum
different. These characters are, however, somewhat evasive,
and it seems probable that the insect does not deserve more than
subspecific rank. It is rather contrary to expectation, that the
form from the arid interior of the country should be character-
ized by its extremely dark coloration in the pupa.

The parasite, reared from this species in great numbers, sca
member of the interesting group Aphelinine. On looking it up,
I found that it would not fit well into any known genus, but
combined the characters of Encarsia and Coccophagus. Speci-
mens were accordingly submitted to Dr. L. O. Howard, who re-
plied: “The truth is, it belongs to a new genus. It has the an-
tenn of Coccophagus, but its wing veins are quite different. I
suggest that you make a new genus for ifs

464 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., *11

MIMATOMUS nn. gen.

Runs in Howard’s table (Bureau of Entomology, Tech. Ser.
No. 12, part iv), to Coccophagus, having the wings without a
hairless line, the antennz 8-jointed, with the slender club 3-
jointed, the stigmal vein well developed, the marginal a little
longer than the submarginal, the hind tibiz normal, etc. The
small size and the parasitism on Aleyrodes suggest Encarsia; so
also does the large stigmal vein, which is directed apicad and is
without a definite knob. The tarsi are 5-jointed ; eyes very dis-
tinctly hairy, the hairs quite long; ovipositor projecting very
little beyond the abdomen.

Mimatomus peltatus n. sp.

9 —(measurements all in microns). Length 670; width of head
312; length of anterior wing 720, its breadth 312; length of fringe on
its lower margin 30; length of submarginal vein 176, of marginal 208,
of stigmal 30, end of stigmal vein to end of wing 304; length of
antennal club 152; ovipositor projecting beyond abdomen 27. Black,
with the scutellum bright yellow, suffused with brown basally, its sur-
face with an irregular coarse network sculpture; wings clear; antenne
ferruginous; legs pale yellowish or ferruginous, the hind femora and
coxae brown. Antennal joints with longitudinal dark lines; scape
ordinary; pedicel moderately swollen; funicle joints successively long-
er, all conspicuously longer than broad; parapsidal grooves straight;
axille formed as in Howard's figure of Prospaltella murtfeldtit; mid-
dle tibia 256 long, its spur about three-quarters the length of the basi-
tarsus, but very slender and sharp apically.

—

ENTOMOLOGICAL THESES For DocTroRaTES IN AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES.
—According to the list of theses offered by those who received the
degree of doctor of philosophy from American Universities in I9I1,
published in Science for August 18, 1911, the following bore entomo-
logical titles:

University of Chicago, Robert Kirkland Nabours, Mendelian In-
heritance in Orthoptera. ;

Columbia University, Charles Virgin Morrill, The Chromosomes in
the Oogenesis, Fertilization and cleavage of Coreid Hemiptera.

Cornell University, Robert Matheson, The structure and Metamor-
phosis of the Fore-intestine of Corydalis cornutus L. Edith Marion
Patch, Homologies of the Wing-veins of the Aphididae, Psyllidae,
Aleurodidae and Coccidae. ;

Harvard University, Edward Gaige Titus, Monograph of the species
of Hypera and Phytonomus in America. 4

University of Cincinnati, Annette Frances Braun, Observations on
the Development of Color in the Pupal Wings of Several Species of
Lithocolletes.

University of Pennsylvania, Norman Eugene MclIdoo, Lyriform Or-
gans and Tactile Hairs in Araneads.

ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.

[The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS solicit and will thank-
fully receive items of news likely to interest its readers from any source.
The author’s name will be given in each case, for the information of
cataloguers and bibliographers.]

TO CONTRIBUTORS.—AII contributions will be considered and passed
upon at our earliest convenience, and, as far as may be, will be published
according to date of reception. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS has reached
a circulation, both in numbers and circumference, as to make it neces-
sary to put “copy” into the hands of the printer, for each number, four
weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special
or important matter for a certain issue. Twenty-five ‘‘extras,’’ without
change in form and without covers, will be given free, when they are
wanted; if more than twenty-five copies are desired, this should be stated
on the MS. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged. Proof will

be sent to authors for correction only when specially requested.—Ed.
s

PHILADELPHIA, PA., DECEMBER, IQII.

There are at least two kinds of sermons, one of them the
hortatory. As man is prone to fall into the same evil ways year
after year, he must be continually exhorted to reform the same
particular bad habit. Herein, we see the chief practical value
of sermons hortatory.

So also there are at least two kinds of entomological editor-
ials, one of them the hortatory. Persuaded of the necessity of
this sort of editorial utterance, as of the hortatory sermon,
we shall make no apology for saying one and the same thing
many times in this column, if it appear desirable to do so.

Now we say: Label your insects carefully and fully.

A well-known entomologist writes:

“So much of the material that comes to hand is poorly labeled
and it is even common for collectors to send in a lot of speci-
mens to a specialist and expect him to label them all in ac-
cordance with data given in a letter. Let every man label his
own things! (Exceptions may be made for lots of unmounted
specimens of the same species).”

In these days when special printers of entomological labels
exist and when many have their own micro-printing outfit, there
is no excuse for not labeling even a long series of specimens.
Each label should bear the name of the locality (nearest town,
village or postoffice, if no other exact designation is available)

465

466 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., “11

county, state or country, altitude if not readily and exactly as-
certainable from a geographical hand-book, date including year
(and the month should never be indicated by Arabic numerals.
for an American abbreviates October 9, by 10-9, and an Eng-
lishmen, 9-10,—not that these are unfailing national characters),
and the name of the collector as a clue to the specimen’s his-
tory.

Some insects will require additional information, as to the
plant or the nature of the soil, or the species of animal on which
they were taken.

No specimen intended for preservation should be ticketed
with a number only and all the information separately recorded
under that number in a book. The chances are in favor of
book and specimen following different paths in the maze of
life whereby the specimen soon passes into the limbo of forgot-
ten things.

To recur to the sermon again: What I say unto You, I say
unto All—LAaBEL!

Notes and News.

ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS
OF THE GLOBE.

MosourrorEs Fep sy ANTs.—The Javanese ant, Cremastogaster diffor-
mis Smith, excavates its nests in ends of dead branches. When these
nests are placed in unfavorable places they become filled with rain-
water, and are abandoned by the ants. In this water the mosquito,
Harpagomyia splendens de Meijere, lays its eggs, and is not known
to occur elsewhere than in association with this Cremastogaster.
Breeding the ants and the mosquitoes together, E. Jacobson found that
the mosquitoes spent much time on an upright rod supporting the ants’
nests, rocking their bodies gently to and fro, until an ant ran along
the rod between a mosquito’s legs. The ant was then caressed and
produced a drop of liquid between its wide-opened jaws, which was
sucked up by the probosis of the mosquito. The operation is figured
by some photographs and drawings on three plates (Tijdschrift voor
Entomologie, liv, pp. 158-161, taf. 11-13, 1911). In a description of
the larva and pupa of this Culicid, following Jacobson’s paper, Prof.
de Meijere points out, as of special interest, that, although the adult
Harpagomyia possesses neither mandibles nor maxillae, rudiments of
these mouth parts are present in the pupa.

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 467

THE Mone or INFECTION BY THE CAyor Worm.—Doctors Rodhain
and Bequaert conclude, from their observations in the Congo State,
that Cordylobia anthropophaga (Griinberg) lays its eggs on the ground.
The larvae, known generally as Cayor worms, crawl over the soil un-
til they come in contact with man or a mammal, penetrate the skin and
lie in the subcutaneous tissue, causing the formation of tumors. On
reaching full growth, the larvae leave the host, fall to the ground, bury
themselves and there pupate. This Muscid fly is said to be the most
common cause of human or animal myiasis in tropical Africa, from
Senegal to Natal. In the region of Bas-Katanga where these inves-
tigations were made, dogs appeared to be the principal hosts, although
Cordylobia larvae were found also in guinea-pigs, a monkey and two
white men. The larvae are always localized on those parts of the
hosts which come in immediate contact with the soil. (Ann. Soc.
Entom. de Belgique, lv, pp. 192-197, I91I).

THE OccuRRENCE oF PoLYNEMA CONSOBRINUS GIRAULT IN GEORGIA.—
Professor A. L. Quaintance, in charge of Deciduous Fruit Insect
Investigations, Bureau of Entomology, U. S. Department of Agricul-
ture, had loaned to me some time ago several specimens of species
of Mymaridae among which was a female of the above named Poly-
nema. The specimen has been referred to in print before as a Poly-
nema reared in connection with Polynema piceipes Girault (Psyche,
1905, p. 92). Only recently have I been able to identify it. It has
been remounted in balsam from a tag and bears the labels, “Fort Val-
ley, Ga. J. H. Beattie, VI, 20, 1905. Quaintance No. 774. Reared in
connection with eggs of Anthonomus quadrigibbus Say in Crataegus
fruit.” As the species consobrinus has been recorded as a parasite of
the eggs of Enchenopa binotata Say, it is probable that this specimen
came from some membracid or jassid egg concealed within the fruit
of the hawthorn.

This specimen is worthy of mention not only because it extends the
known distribution of the species, but also because it appears to be a
variant. Thus, the proximal tarsal joint of the caudal legs is dis-
tinctly longer and more slender than usual, the second tarsal joint
of the same legs longer than the distal joint, the first joint subequal
in length to the combined lengths of the other three joints, facts
which are not true for the comparatively large number of specimens
of consobrinus which I have seen so far. But the relative length of
the joints of appendages is by no means constant in Mymaride, there
being considerable variation in some cases and because of this I have
little doubt that the specimen under consideration is but a variant
and not a distinct species. The discal ciliation of the fore wing in
this specimen disappears farther out from the base of the wing than
is usual, but this also varies somewhat and has no specific value in
this case—A. A. GIRAULT.

468 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ Dee.,. 751

ANTS PARALYZED BY THE SECRETION OF A Buc.—E. Jacobson has
observed that a Holoptiline Heteropter, Ptilocerus ochraceus Montan-
don, of Java, possesses, on the underside of the second abdominal
segment, a tuft of yellow hair (a trichome), which apparently secretes
some substance with a flavor agreeable to ants of the species Dolicho-
derus bituberculatus Mayr. On the approach of one of these ants,
“the bug is at once on the alert; it raises half-way the front of the
body, so as to put the trichome in evidence. * * * The ant at once
proceeds to lick the trichome. * * * At this stage of the proceed-
ings the bug does not yet attack the ant. * * * It is surprising to
see how the bug can restrain its murderous intention as if it was
knowing that the right moment had not yet arrived. After the ant
has indulged in licking the tuft of hair for some minutes the exuda-
tion commences to exercise its paralyzing effect. * * * As soon
as the ant shows signs of paralysis by curling itself up and drawing
in its legs, the bug at once seizes it with its front legs and very soon
it is pierced and sucked dry.” (Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, liv,
pp. 175-179, 1911). An accompanying paper by the late G. W. Kirkaldy
describes and figures the Ptilocerus.

PARASITIC ORTHOPTERA——The rareness of the parasitic habit in
this order of insects makes additional information concerning it very
welcome. The most famous Orthopterous parasite is Hemimerus,
for which de Saussure proposed the formation of a new order—
Diploglossata. Prof. Dr. Richard Heymons, of the Royal Museum
fur Naturkunde, at Berlin, describes his observations on the habits
of Hemimerus talpoides Walk. in Heft II of the Deutsche Ento-
mologische Zeitschrift for 1911. Dr. Heymons kept in a cage, an
East African hamster-rat, Cricetomys, infested with 20-25 Hemi-
meri. ‘The behavior of these insects with relation to their host, light
and food is discussed at length, and the conclusion is drawn that
Henumerus can be considered as neither injurious nor useful to its
host. It is not regarded as a parasite in the narrower sense of the
word, because it does not injure the rat. On the other hand, the idea
of Jordan (1909) that Hemimerus and Cricetomys are symbionts
and that the former benefits the latter by consuming fungi found on
the skin of the mammal, is rejected. Heymons, indeed, found spores
of fungi in the alimentary canal of Hemimerus, but he believes that
their occurrence there and on the exterior of the host is incidental
to the habits of life of Cricetomys. The principal food of Hemimerus
is the upper horny epidermis of its host, but as the insect not in-
frequently leaves the rat for short excursions, it consumes other
things in addition, Heymons finding plant-cells and chitinous pieces
in its digestive tract. Hemimerus is quiescent while its host is ac-

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 469

tive, and the insects seemed to seek the inguinal region of Heymon’s
Cricetomys at such times, but when the rat was sleeping or quiet,
wandered over all parts of the body, rarely attracting any response
from the rat. Heymons agrees with Hansen (1894) in considering
that Hemimerus is most nearly related to the Forficulidae—earwigs—
and in this connection it is worth while to mention the discovery,
within the last two years, of an earwig, Arixenia esau, found in the
breast pouch of a naked bat in Sarawak, described by Dr. K. Jordan

in 1909, and exhibited at the Entomological Society of London,
Feb. 2, Igio.

A RAT-FLEA AS THE INTERMEDIATE HOST OF TAPE-WORMS.—The dog-
flea and the human flea have long been known to serve as hosts of
the cysticercoid stage of the tape worm Dipylidium caninum. Dampf
recently found a Cysticercoid, supposed to be that of Hymenolepis
nana, in the flea, Mesopsylla eucta, from the jerboa, Alactaga jaculus.
Nicoll and Minchin have now found two species of Cysticercoids
in the body cavity of the rat-flea, Ceratophyllus fasciatus.

One of these Cysticercoids has been proved to be the larval form
of Hymenolepis diminuta; it “occurred in about four per cent. (8
in 207) of all the fleas examined during a period of thirteen months.
It was found in the body cavity and usually only one specimen at a
time. As many as three, however, had been found in one flea.”
Feeding experiments to determine the identity of the Cysticercoid
_were performed on a litter of young rats, separated from their
mother, isolated, and kept under observation until it was certain that
they were free from tape-worms. After three months, fleas were
mashed up with their food, and nineteen days later mature tape-worms
(Hymenolepis diminuta) and their ova were found in the intestine
of the rats and in the rats’ feces respectively. It is thought that
only the oldest and largest flea-larvae are capable of ingesting the
tape-worm eggs and that no development of these eggs takes place
until the beginning of the pupal stage.

Of the other Cysticercoid, only one specimen has been found in
Ceratophyllus fasciatus. From a microscopic examination and com-
parison with the known tape-worms of rats, “the authors were forced
to the conclusion that this Cysticercoid must either be referred to
H[ymenolepis] murina or to some other as yet undescribed form, the
scolex of which was indistinguishable from that of AH. muyina.”
This discovery is of special interest; first, because it has been believed
that H. murina dispensed altogether with an intermediate host, passing
its encysted stage in the walls of the intestine of the rat itself; sec-
ond, because some have considered H. murina to be identical with H.
nana, a dangerous tape-worm of man; and third, because no inter-

470 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. | Dec.,. 22

mediate host has yet been discovered for H. nana. “Rats certainly
ingested a large number of fleas from time to time, but it was diffi-
cult to imagine that they would acquire a very large infection with
H. murina by this means; and if H. nana be identical with H. murina
it was scarcely conceivable that a human being could accidentally
swallow a sufficient number of fleas to give rise to an infection of
over a thousand tape-worms, as was frequently found to be the case.
It would still, therefore, be necessary to admit that the develop-
ment of H. murina usually took place without an intermediate host,
but that occasionally the rat-flea might function as such. With such
a conclusion the life-story of H. murina became even more re-
markable than before.” (Proc. Zool. Soc., London, 1911, part I, pp.
9-13, with figures of the two Cysticercoids.)

MEANS OF TRANSPORTING FUNGI BY THE AMBROSIA-BEETLES.—In the
current volume, No. 7, of Entomologische Blatter (which describes it-
self as an International Monthly for the Biology of European Beetles
with special reference to Forest Entomology), Strohmeyer describes
and figures in halftone some of the very curious bunches of bristles
to be found on the heads of the females only of various species of
Platypodidae. As in certain species (Mitosoma sp.) he found clumps
of Ambrosia fungus always adhering to the bristles, he infers that
the latter serve to transport the fungus from one place to another. In
conclusion he remarks that in a very large number of Platypodidae,
perhaps in more than half of all the species, a special apparatus for
the transport of fungus is lacking. Why are not all Platypodid
females so provided? To answer this question it is necessary to glance
at the habits and character of the food of these beetles. According
to the mutually confirmatory researches of Hubbard* and Negerj the
fungi of different Ambrosia beetles are different, the species of fungus
depending not on the kind of tree in which the beetle lives, but on the
species of beetle. It therefore results that the introduction of the
fungus into new brood-tunnels must be brought about—unconsciously
of course—by the beetle itself. Dr. Neger has shown that the fungi
which are associated with the German species of Xyleborus and
Xyloterus discharge their spores not as dust but in slimy balls, which
easily adhere to the unevenesses of the elytra and to the hairs. A fun-
gus with such peculiarities requires no special apparatus for its transport
on the part of its symbiotic beetle. Only when the fungus is wholly
or in part unable to be attached to the beetle does the need of some
special modification of the insect arise.

* The Ambrosia beetles of the United States. Bull. No. >, U. S.
Dept. Agric., 1897.

+ Aus der Natur IV, p. 921, 1908. Zeitschr. f. Land- u. Forstwirtsch.,
1908, p. 274. Zentr. Bact. Par. Abt. IT, Bd. XX, p. 279.

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 471

To the Entomological Research Committee the Natural History
Museum owes a beautiful enlarged model of the tropical rat-flea
(Xenospylla cheopis), which appears to be the main vehicle in the
conveyance of bubonic plague to the human subject. The species is
believed to have been a native of North Africa, but is now practically
cosmopolitan. The model is about 12 inches in length. (Nature, July
13, IQII).

Entomological Literature.

COMPILED BY E. T. CRESSON, JR., AND J. A. G. REHN.

Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the
Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En-
tomology of the Americas (North and South), excluding Arachnida and
Myriapoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted;
but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, how-
ever, whether relating to American or exotic species, will be recorded.
The numbers in Heavy-Faced Type refer to the journals, as numbered
in the following list, in which the papers are published, and are all
dated the current year unless otherwise noted. This (*) following a
record, denotes that the paper in question contains description of a new
North American form.

For record of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Record,
Office of Experiment Stations, Washington.

2—Transactions, American Entomological Society, Philadelphia.
4—The Canadian Entomologist. 6—Journal, New York Entomo-
logical Society. 7—U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of
Entomology. 9—The Entomologist, London. 10—Nature, Lon-
don. 11—Annals and Magazine of Natural History, London. 12—
Comptes Rendus, L’Academie des Sciences, Paris. 14—Proceed-
ings, Zoological Society of London. 21—The Entomologist’s
Record, London. 22—Zoologischer Anzeiger, Leipzig. 35—An-
nales, Societe Entomologique de Belgique. 40—Societas Ento-
mologica, Zurich. 50—Proceedings, U. S. National Museum. 68—
Science, New York. 7 —Transactions, Kansas Academy of Sci-
ence, Topeka. 84—Ento ologische Rundschau. 92—Zeitschriit
fur wissenschaftliche Insektenbiologie. 102—Proceedings, Ento-
mological Society of Washington. 107—Revista, Museu Paulista,
S. Paulo, Brazil. 152—California Agricultural Experiment Station,
Berkeley. 159—Bollettino, Laboratorio di zoologia generale e
agararia della R. S. Superiore d’Agricoltura in Portici. 179—Jour-
nal of Economic Entomology. 180—Annals, Entomological So-
ciety of America. 198—Biological Bulletin, Marine Biological
Laboratory, Woods Hole, Mass. 251—Annales, Sciences Natu-
relles, Zoologie, Paris. 271—Fauna Artica, herausgegeben von Dr.

472 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., ’11

F. Romer und Dr. F. Schaudinn, Jena. 846—Fauna Exotica, Mit-
teilungen aus dem Gebiete der exotischen Insektenwelt, Frankfurt
am Main. 848—State of Connecticut Geological and Natural His-
tory Survey, Hartford, Conn. 349—Zoologische Annalen, Zeit-
schrift fur Geschichte der Zoologie, Wurzburg.

GENERAL SUBJECT. Bethune-Baker, G. T.—“The latest in
nomenclature,” 21, 1911, 263. Britton, W. E.—Guide to the insects
of Connecticut, Pt. I, 348, Bul. No. 16, 38 pp. Gillett, J. A.—In-
sects feeding on “slime flux” of trees, 10, 1911, 516. Gregory, J. W.
—The scientific misappropriation of popular terms (mentions in-
sects), 10, 1911, 538-541. Luederwaldt, G—Os insectos necro-
phagos Paulistas, 107, viii, 414-533. Pocock, R. I—On the palata-
bility of some British insects, with notes on the significance of
mimetic resemblances; with notes upon the experiments by E. P.
Poulton, 14, 1911, 809-868. Prout, L. B.—Descriptions or figures?
21, 1911, 263-265. Scudder, S. H.—Obituary by H. J. Turner, 21,
1911, 255-256. Obituary by T. D. A. Cockerell, 68, 1911, 338-342.
Shelford, R.—Sparrow v. butterfly, 21, 1911, 245. Silvestri, F.—
Contributo alla conoscenza dei mirmecofili del Messico, 159, v,
172-195 (*). Smith, J. B—Report of the Entomological Depart-
ment of the N. J. Agr. College Exper. Station, New Brunswick,
N. J., for the year 1910, 300-424 pp.

APTERA AND NEUROPTERA. Hilton, W. A.—The struc-
ture of the central nervous system of Corydalis larva, 180, 1911,
219-256. Navas, L.—Neuropteros del Brazil por el Reo Padre,
107, 476-481. Parker, W. B.—California redwood attacked by
Termes lucifugus, 179, 1911, 422-423. Silvestri, F—Contributo alla
cOnoscenza dei Machilidae dell’America settentrionale, 159, v, 324-
352 (*). Materiali per lo studio dei Tisanuri. Un novo genere e
undici specie nove di Japygidae dell’America settentrionale, 159,
v, 72-87 (*). Wodsedelek, J. E.—Phototactic reactions and their
reversal in the may-fly nymphs Heptagenia interpunctata, 198, xxi,
265-271.

ORTHOPTERA. Allar, H. A.—Studying the stridulations of
Orthoptera. 102, 1911, 141-148. Shelford, R.—The latest in nomen-
clature, 21, 1911, 241-242. Walden, B. H.—The Euplexoptera and
Orthoptera of Connecticut, 348, Bul. No. 16, pt. 2, 39-169 pp.

HEMIPTERA. Barber, T. C.—The Coccidae of Louisiana (2d
paper), 179, 1911, 448-451. Crumb, S. E.—The Jassoidea of Kan-
sas, 72, xxiii, 232-238. Gahan, A. B.—Notes on two important
parasites of economic insects (Telenomus quaintancei & Alphidius
nigripes), 179, 1911, 423-425. Heidemann, O—Some remarks on
the eggs of N. A. sp. of Hemiptera-Heteroptera, 102, 1911, 128-140.
An. sp. of N. A. Tingitidae, 102, 1911, 180-181 (*). Hempel, A.—

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 473

Descripcao de um novo genero e uma nova especie de coccidas,
107, viii, 52-53. Leonardi, G.—Contributo alla conoscenza delle
cocciniglie della Republica Argentina, 159, v, 237-284. Lindinger,
L.—Beitrage zur kenntnis der schildlaus und ihrer verbreitung, IJ,
92, 1911, 244-255 (cont.). Martelli, G—Notizie sull’Aphis brasse-
cae, e su alcuni suoi parassiti ed perparassiti, 159, v, 40-54. Ma-
tausch, I.—The effects of parasitic castration in Membracidae, 6,
1911, 194-196. Silvestri, F.—Sulla posizione sistematica del genre
Termitaphis, con descrizione di due specie nuove, 159, v, 231-236.
Smith, P. E.—Specific characters used in the genus Pseudococcus,
180, 1911, 309-327.

LEPIDOPTERA. Banks, C. S—A manual of Philippine silk
culture, Department of the Interior, Bureau of Science, Manila,
53 pp. Barnes & McDunnough.—New species and genera of N. A.
Lepidoptera, 6, 1911, 151-162 (*). Bethune-Baker, G. T.—Lepi-
dopterology, 21, 1911, 271. Bordas, L—L’appareil digestif et les
Tubes de Malpighi des larves des Lepidopteres (suite et fin), 251,
xiv, 193-273. Bryk, F.—Apollinische liebe, 40, 1911, 50-52. Chap-
man, T. A.—Lepidopterology—no description of a species valid
without a figure, 21, 1911, 239-240. Viviparous butterflies, 21, 1911,
233-234. Forbes, W. T. M.—A structural study of the caterpillars,
II: The Sphingidae, 180, 1911, 261-279. Grossbeck, J. A.—Utetheisa
bella var. nova, 6, 1911, 196-198. Hampson, G. F.—Descriptions
of new genera and species of Syntomidae, Arctiadae, Agaristidae
and Noctuidae, 11, 1911, 394. Hormuzaki, C. F.—Die systematische
und morphologische stellung der bukowiner formen von Melitaea
athalia und M. aurelia, 92, 1911, 213-218. Michael, O.—Lebens-
weise und gewohnheiten der Morpho des Amazonasgebietes. Be-
obachtungen uber vorkommen und lebensweise der Agriasarten
des Amazonasgebietes, 271, i, 13-20 (cont.). Pierce, F. N.—
Viviparity in Lepidoptera, 9, 1911, 309-310. Pocock, R. I.—The
distastefulness of Anosia plexippus, 10, 1911, 484-485. Prell, H—
Biologische beobachtungen an Termiten und Ameisen, 22, 1911,
243-253. Reiff, W.—Experimente an uberwinternden Lepidoptera-
puppen, 92, 1911, 235-237 (cont.). Smith, J. B.—New species of
Noctuidae for 1911, No. 1, 6, 1911, 133-151 (*). Strand, E.—Eine
neue, riesenhafte Gelechiide aus Ecuador, 84, 1911, 151. Zwei neue
sudamerikanische formen von der lepidopteren-familie Riodinidae
(Erycinidae), 84, 1911, 150. Walker, E. M.—Rare captures of
Lepidoptera, 4, 1911, 340. Wolley-Dod, F. H.—Further notes on
Alberta Lepidoptera, 4, 1911, 329-339.

DIPTERA. Bezzi, M.—Restaurazione del genre Carpomyia
(Rond) A. Costa, 159, v, 2-33. Felt, E. P.—Three new gall midges,
6, 1911, 190-193 (*). Hosts and galls of American gall midges.

474 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. Dec., Para

New sp. of gall midges, 179, 1911, 451-484 (*). Herms, W. B.—The
house fly in its relation to public health, 152, Bull. No. 215. Keéilin,
D.—On the parasitism of the larvae of Pollenia rudis, in Allolo-
bophora chlorotica, 102, 1911, 182-184. Knab, F.—Dr. A. Lutz’s
studies of Brazilian Simuliidae, 102, 1911, 172-179. Payne, F.—
Drosophila ampelophila bred in the dark for 69 generations, 198,
xxi, 297-301. Roubaud, E.—Nouvelle contribution a l’etude biolo-
gique des Glossines. Quelques donnees sur la biologie des G.
morsitans et tachinoides du Soudan nigerien (note), 12, 1911, 637-
639. Smith, R. I—Formaline for poisoning house flies proves very
attractive when used with sweet milk, 179, 1911, 417-419. Strick-
land, E. H.—Some parasites of Simulium larvae and their effects
on the development of the host, 198, xxi, 302-330. Townsend,
C. H. T.—Review of work by Pantel and Portchinski on repro-
ductive and early stage characters of muscoid flies, 102, 1911,
151-170. Corrections to my paper in the June (1911) issue of the
Annals E. S. A., 180, 1911, 328-329. Tucker, E. S—Description of
a new fly of the family Dolichopodidae, 72, xxiii, 105-107 (*).

COLEOPTERA. Coblentz, W. W.—The color of the light
emitted by Lampyridae, 4, 1911, 355-360. Cushman, R. A.—Studies
in the biology of the boll weevil in the Mississippi delta region of
Louisiana, 179, 1911, 432-448. Gahan, C. J—On some recent at-
tempts to classify the Coleoptera in accordance with their phylo-
geny, 9, 1911, 312-314 (cont.). Hartzell, F. Z—The use of sweet-
ened poisons against the grape root-worm and the rose chafer,
179, 1911, 419-422. Kerremans, C.—Monographie des Buprestides
Polybothris, Tome V, 449-512 pp. Knaus, W.—Additions: to the
list of Kansas Coleoptera for 1909, 72, xxiii, 108. Lameere, A.—
Revision des Prionides, Genre Derobrachus, 35, 1911, 260-277.
Leng, C. W—A n. sp. of Luperodes, 6, 1911, 193-194 (*). Lueder-
waldt, G.—Quatro lamellicorneos termitophilos, 107, viii, 405-413.
Moulton, D.—The California peach borer, 7, Bull. No. 97, pt. 4.
Palmer, M. A.—Some notes on heredity in the coccinellid genus
Adalia, 180, 1911, 283-302. Pic, M.—Coleopterorum catalogus, Pars
36: Anthicidae, 102 pp. Weise, J—Aufzaehlung von Coccinellen
aus dem Museu Paulista, 107, viii, 54-63. Wheeler, W. M.—Notes
on the myrmecophilous beetles of the genus Xenodusa, with a
description of the larva of X. cava. An ant-nest coccinelid (Bra-
chyacantha quadripunctata), 6, 1911, 163-174.

HYMENOPTERA. Brethes, J.—Quelques nouveaux Ceropa-
lides du Musee de Sao Paulo, 107, viii, 64-70. Chapman, T. A—
Showers of peppercorn oak-galls, in England, 21, 1911, 214. Cor-
netz, V—Das problem der ruckkehr zum nest der forschenden
ameise, 92, 1911, 218-223 (cont.). Gahan, A. B.—A note on Xylo-

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 475

crabro stirpicola, 179, 1911, 431. Girault, A. A—Descriptions of
No. American Mymaridae with synonymic and other notes on de-
scribed genera and species, 2, xxxvii, 253-324 (*). Miscellaneous
notes on the Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea: the genus Arthrolytus;
Horismenus microgaster, 4, 1911, 346-354. Notes on the Hymen-
optera Chalcidoidea, with descriptions of several n. g. and sp., 6,
1911, 175-189 (*). A new Mymarid genus and species from N. A.
allied with Anthemus, 102, 1911, 185-187. von Ihering, R.—Algu-
mas especies novas de Vespas solitarias, 107, viii, 462-475. Knab,
F.—How Emphor drinks, 102, 1911, 170. Lozinski, P—Ueber einen
eigentumlichen nestbau von Osmia_ bicornis, 92, 1911, 223-230
(cont.). Macgillivray, A. D—New species of Empria, II: Western
Species, 4, 1911, 341-346 (*). Marchal & Feytaud.—Sur un parasite
des oeufs de la Cochylis et de l’Eudemis, 12, 1911, 633-636. Meiss-
ner, O.—Ameisen und Ameisenlowen, 84, 1911, 151-152. Rohwer,
S. A.—New sawflies in the collection of the U. S. National Mu-
seum, 50, xli, 377-411 (*). Santschi, F.—Formicides de diverses
provenances, 35, 1911, 278-287. Schmidt, A.—Neue Aphodiinen
und eine synonymische bemerkung, 40, 1911, 52-53 (cont.).
Schrottky, C.—Descripcao de abelhas novas do Brazil e de regioes
visinhas, 107, viii, 71-88. Ichneumonidarum species quatuor novae,
159, v, 35-36. Schulz, W. A.—Zweihundert alte Hymenopteren,
$49, iv, 1-220. Silvestri, F.—Della Trigona cupira, e di due aspiti
del suo nido nel messico, 159, v, 65-69. Szepligeti, G—Zwei neue
Braconiden aus Brasilien, 159, v, 285-286. Trotter, A——Contributo
alla conoscenza delle galle dell’America del Nord, 159, v, 100-133
(*). Turner, C. H—Experiments on pattern-vision of the honey-
bee, 198, xxi, 249-264. Wood, H. P.—Notes on the life history of
the tick parasite (Hunterellus hookeri), 179, 1911, 425-431.

A Manual of Philippine Silk Culture. By Charles S. Banks (from
the Entomological Section, Biological Laboratory, Bureau of
Science, Manila, Philippine Islands), 53 pages and Ig plates.

The introduction of silk culture into these islands, if it could be
made a profitable industry, would be very desirable. This work is
intended to collate data and interest those who may wish to take up
the commercial production. “The Bureau of Science made the first
attempt to import and to propagate mulberry silkworms into the
Philippine Islands six years ago.” A historical account is given of
the attempts of the missionaries in the early eighties and also of the
later efforts. The life history of the species is given in detail. An
account is also given of the eri or castor silkworm (Aftacus ricint)
and of the wild silkworms of the islands. The proper “silk house”
is described and also the varieties of mulberry and their cultivation.
The manufacture, reeling, etc., and the quality of silk is also discussed.

476 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, [Dec., ’11

In summing up the author says “We have now carried on a sufficient
number of experiments with both mulberry and eri silkworms in the
Philippines to warrant the statement that this industry can be carried
on here under conditions as favorable as those which obtain in the
best silk producing countries of the world and with the added advan-
tage that no disease has appeared among the insects, or on the trees
used for feeding them.” The work is a very useful one and will
doubtless stimulate an interest in the subject.—H. S.

THE EUPLEXOPTERA AND ORTHOPTERA OF CoNNECTICUT. By Benjamin
Hovey Walden. Bull. No. 16, Connecticut State Geol. & Nat.
Hist. Survey, Guide to the Insects of Connecticut, pt. II, pp. 41-
169, Pls. VI-XI, 63 text figures. IgQII.

The author of the above paper and the editor of the Guide to the
Insects of Connecticut, Dr. W. E. Britton, are to be congratulated
on the appearance of this very interesting and useful work. In an
introduction of three pages the author reviews previous work which
had been done on the Connecticut Orthopterous fauna, as well as giv-
ing such acknowledgements and abbreviations of collectors’ initials as
are necessary. The systematic treatment is comprehensive, with keys
to the genera and species and diagnoses for each, while the distribu-
tion within the state is summarized in the more generally distributed
forms and the localities indicated in the scarcer and more localized
forms. The arrangement is in accordance with Scudder’s 1900 Cata-
logue, while the keys of genera and species are chiefly from Morse
and Blatchley.

The numerous text figures, a portion of which are original, assist
very greatly in a clear understanding of the text, making the work
of value to the specialist as well as to the local student.

The number of species treated is one hundred and nine, of which
one hundred have been recorded from the state, the remaining nine
being included on the probability of their occurrence within the state.

From the nomenclatural standpoint the names are not in all cases
those used by most authors at this date, 1.e., Tettix instead of Acry-
dium, Stenobothrus instead of Chorthippus, Locustidae instead of
Tettigonidae, and Xabea instead of Neoxabea, but this is probably due
to a close adherence to Scudder’s Catalogue, although other recent
changes, as Blattella for Phyllodromia, have been made.

The general character of the work is excellent and it will stand with
Blatchley’s Orthoptera of Indiana as the best type of a state cata-
logue of insects, more of which we hope will be forthcoming in the
future.

The only suggestion we can make for the authors of such works
in the future, and one based on considerable experience in mapping
the distribution of Orthoptera, is that enough localities be cited for

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 477

even the commonest and most widely spread species to enable those
studying the distribution of species in a comprehensive fashion, to
utilize such records in their own work. Frequently a general state-
ment of distribution must later, when more evidence is in hand, be
qualified by zonal or environmental restriction. (J. A. G. R.)

Doings of Societies.
FELDMAN COLLECTING SOCIAL.

Meeting of June 21st, 1911, at 1523 South Thirteenth Street,
Philadelphia. Fifteen members present, Mr. John Green, of
Easton, Pa., visitor. President Haimbach in the chair.

Dr. Skinner described his recent visit to the Carnegie Mu-
seum in Pittsburg, Pa., where he studied the Edwards collec-
tion of Lepidoptera. He said he had had his doubts as to the
validity of certain species which Edwards described and men-
tioned one, as being satisfactorily placed by himself before
studying the type material; Pamphila viris which is a topo-
morph, a northern form of a California species described by
Boisduval. The collection as a whole is very poorly arranged.

He also said that Nodonota puncticollis Say (Col.) has been
very destructive to rose bushes at Ardmore, Pa., since 1909, eat-
ing everything but the roots. Dr. Dixon had reported it to him
as feeding this year on the tops of red oaks at Black Rock
Farm, Gladwyn, Pa.

Mr. Daecke exhibited a box of several orders of insects show-
ing the diversity of one day’s catch at Inglenook, Pa., May 30,
1911, and pointed out the following as interesting: Leptura
octopunctata Say, and Toxotus trivittatus Say (Col.) both
found on Viburnum acerifolium Linn. the former common and
the latter rare, saying they were so thickly covered with pollen
as to look like lumps on the flower; Emmesa labiata Say (Col.)
one specimen; a Microlepidopter, a species of Micropteryx,
and the following Diptera: Coenom’yia ferruginea Scop., Xt-
phura fumipennis O. S., Nephrocerus daeckit Johnson (of
which there are only six specimens known), Laphria sericea Say

478 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dee.,. “ax

(quite common) and several Syrphids. A shrub, Hydrangea
arborescens Linn. along a path seems to be the favorite feed-
ing place of Trichius bibeus Oliv. (Col.).

Mr. C. T. Greene exhibited and recorded the following Dip-
tera: Nephrocerus daecki Johnson, Roxboro, June 10, 1911,
and Temnostoma pictula Williston, same place, June 11, I9I1,
both collected by himself.

Mr. Hoyer exhibited several specimens of a species of
Platyptera, Chauliodes fasciatus Wlk., saying it was very com-
mon along Cobb’s Creek west of Sixty-ninth Street, May 28th.

Meeting of September 20th, 1911, at 1523 South 13th Street,
Philadelphia, President Haimbach in the chair, thirteen mem-
bers present.

Mr. Daecke mentioned a trip to Hunter’s Run, Pa., July 2,
1911, where, although the place had been burned over, collect-
ing was very rich. Among the rarities were Neoclytus scutel-
laris Oliv. on oak, and Leptura emarginata Fab. (Col.)

Mr. Harbeck described the trip taken by himself and Mr. C.
T. Greene this year to Pocono Lake, Pa., the week of July gth,
to collect Diptera, saying that many species rare here are com-
mon there, and many of those common there are not found here
at all. A box of various orders was exhibited.

Mr. Hoyer said that two specimens of Goes tigrina De G.
(Col.) had been taken flying around a house in the neighbor-
hood of Haines and Chew Streets, Germantown, Philadelphia,
about July 8th.

Mr. Schmitz said that at Anglesea, September 3, he had wit-
nessed the nuptial flight of ants which lasted about an hour,
from 6 to 7 P. M. He had seen a Mantis Paratenodera feed-
ing upon a Cicada.

Mr. C. T. Greene exhibited and recorded the following Dip-
tera from Pocono Lake, Pa.: Pyrophaena granditarsus Fors-
ter, VII, 12, and Sericomyia militaris Walker, VII, 11, both
collected this year by himself and thinks they are the first rec-
ords from this State.

Mr. H. A. Wenzel described in detail his trip to Texas with

*

Vol. xxii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 479

Mr. Green, of Easton, and the hardships they encountered
there. Photographs and colored cards of some places visited
were shown, also the material so far mounted, among which
were sixteen specimens of Plusiotis woodi Horn and two of
P. gloriosa LeC., the latter being about half the size of those
taken in Arizona——Geo. M. GREENE, Secretary.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Meeting of June 12, 1911. Dr. Philip P. Calvert, president,
in the chair. Eight persons present.

Mr. Cresson reported the death of Mr. J. W. McAllister, on
May 28th, aged seventy-five years. He was an organization
member, and served many years as a member of the Finance
Committee.

The death of John Meichel, a member, who died in October,
1909, was announced.

The President reported the death of S. H. Scudder, on May
17th. He was elected a member of the Society, October 14,
1861.

Dr. Skinner made some remarks on the destructiveness of
Nodonota puncticollis in Montgomery County, Pa.

Dr. Calvert exhibited four excellently preserved fossil wings
of the dragonfly Phenacolestes from Florissant, Colorado, sent
by Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell for study. This genus belongs to
the legion Podagrion of De Selys. As far as the speaker had
been able to compare these fossils with living forms, they
showed a greater number of resemblances to the genera Phil-
ogenia, of Costa Rica and Tropical South America, Mega-
podagrion of Tropical South America and Argiolestes of Cele-
bes, New Guinea and Australia than to any others known to
him.

Meeting of October 26, 1911. Dr. Philip P. Calvert, presi-
dent, in the chair. Twelve persons in attendance.
Mr. Wenzel referred to some remarks made by Dr. Skinner

480 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec.,. *11

at the last meeting of the Feldman Social, on the destruction
of hickory trees at Ardmore, Penna., by a bark beetle and said
an illustrated article on the subject of the destruction of trees
of this species had appeared in the issue of “Country Life in
America,” for October 15th.

Mr. West exhibited speciments of Catocala, among them be-
ing the beautiful C. nivea from Japan; also some Pierids in
Denton glass mounts.

Mr. Rehn exhibited a specimen of Acridoxena hewaniana, a
peculiar Locustid from the Cameroons, West Africa, and a
pair of Corycus abruptus, another Locustid, from tropical
Africa. The latter species exhibits great sexual dimorphism,
the male tegmina being enormously inflated and modified into
sounding boards for the tympanum, while in the female the
tegmina are single, vertical and unmodified.

Mr. E. T. Cresson, Jr., exhibited a specimen of Clanoneu-
rum (Diptera) which he determined as infumatum Becker, and
said it was curious that the species occurred in America as it
was identical with specimens described from Egypt under that
name. He gave a history of the genus, which was erected for
the Egyptian infumatum of Becker. A species from the Bal-
kan region has also been described by Strobl, and Czerny found
a form in Spain and suggests that they are all the same species.
The speaker coincided in this opinion, having found a repre-
sentative in Arizona and Southern California, which in every
respect agrees with Becker’s description of infumatum.

Dr. Calvert made a communication on Bromeliad insects
found in Costa Rica (published in the News for November and
December).

Mr. C. T. Greene reported the capture of Trichopoda lan-
ipes at Castle Rock, Penna.

Mr. Andrew Gray Weeks, of Boston, presented some en-
eravings of the late W. H. Edwards and S. H. Scudder.

The Curator reported that the work of removing the insects
to temporary quarters began yesterday, and that it would take
a week to remove everything in the entomological rooms.—

HENRY SKINNER, Recording Secretary.

INDEX TO VOLUME XxXIl.

(Notes and articles on geographical distribution are indexed under the names of the
States or countries concerned, and of under the species listed therein, except in the case
of new or redescribed forms. * indicates mew generic, specific or subspecific names.)

GENERAL SUBJECTS.

Academy of Natural Sciences
of Philadelphia, Entomo-
logical Section, 46, 138,
379.

Id., Entomological Lectures at 86

African Entomological Re-
search Committee

American Association Eco-
nomic Entomologists, 190, 421

American Entomological So-
GICL VAs 5. 138, 284, 335,

American Society of Zoolo-
ISAM W aches, os ova: sjsi « 05

Animal Behavior, Journal of 84

Antilles, Expedition to ...... 423

Arcadia

Arizona, Collecting in South-

237;

479

ee

GO Osho 058 ee one 330
Bat as host of earwig ....... 469
Bermuda. Insects of ........ 284

Birds following insects, 287, 420
Birds, Insect parasites of ..10, 75
Books, Insects injurious to, 41,
Vike :
Bromeliadicolous animals. 405-411
Brooklyn Entomological So-

GUE? Soo 0c ge eecrEseCenEae 139

Cell-studies on Insects ...... 95

Coition between different spe-
SLES) a5 ¢ ce Ap oae a OneSSaeee 272

Colorado State Biol. Survey 277
Disease and Insects, 45, 92, 181,
228, 333, 432, 467, 460, 471.
Editorial Changes
Editorials, 41, 83, 130,
276, 325, 360, 417, 465.

177, 225,

Entomological building for
Massachusetts Agricultural
College

Entomological Literature, 39, 40,
42, 84, 86, 87, 131, 134, 177, 179,
180, 182, 183, 232, 279, 326, 328,
369, 371, 374, 423, 471.

Entomological Society of
NNR Lon cnacee 187, 416, 421
Faeces’ and) flies =... 2-2 2500: 228

Feldman Collecting Social, 47, 94,
188, 285, 383, 477.

Fish captured by Bug ....... 372
Fungi transported by Am-
brosiay beetles oe. . sees ene o 470

Gall insects (see under Dip-
tera and Hymenoptera).
Genotypes, Determination of. 278
Georgia, List of Insects of.. 309
Guiana, Expedition to .......
Gypsy Moth, Destroying the. 225
Hamster-rat, Orthopterous

PvE GH Bacdeoasoasoor 468
Honorary degrees for Ento-
MOlOSIStS eae EEeE Cee 371

House-flies, Campaign against 373
Instruction, Entomological, in

Europe, 188, in U. S., 97.

International Anti-Locust
Commission! si.6./cekie fan 327
International Entomological
COneness! «40. coe Sens on. s 66
Jelly: rain “fof eggs]... -..... 420
Labeling specimens ......... 465
Lake Laboratory, Ohio State
Wniversitvatnel. vaciacos ch 179
Le Conte; echt waacuceetccs 276

ii : INDEX.

Le Conte, J. L., Portrait of... 277

Local Distribution, Possible
Caises Sor ieacte ces. gees 229

Mershon expedition to the
Charity Islands, Lake
EAT OMN oc cise ren oe 230

IMimicnyes ee cuckcene ce cre 336, 384

Myrmecophilous insects, 274, 466,
468.
Newark Entomological So-

CICEY Wats wiaives oto ee 139, 286
New Species, Publication of.. 325
Nomenclature question ..... 130

Number of Eggs laid by in-

Gee ci ctosnesono dao dinace.oc 14

Nursery stock in Europe, In-
GrdcstomeGhe qanoaadsdoousas 144

Obituary:
Goqrullett. D> W. .2..- B37,
Gironit-c eee tere eee 192
eveillesaisa vAGr see a LO2
McAllister, J. W....... 479
WieCecile Wb (Cs soncad- 433
MieichelOiy saactee cee ne 479
Paik 1. oo acadcacec 239
Perini As del scer ere 192
Piageb thoy oe.. coer cee 288
Plateatt, 1h cn ister seer: 239
Reed VEG. oe... 192
Scudder, S. H., 288, 2809,
479.

Selys-Longchamps, M.
BR Gencrates tee 179
Atta Win ecercorentctic.s IOI

v. d. Weele, H. W. ... 287
Personals:

Aldrich, J. Me sees 180
Avebury, ordi seener 133
Bonds qi AE, oteseniee 131
Bradley, J: (C.)s..veeen 373
Brown tS: a. ee aeeeeee 131
Bisel As 2h2-¢ eae 4
Calvert. oP WP. oS aeeneee 2
Crampton, ‘G:C: 2c. 216

GressoniiEs' TT; Jroze ce 2

Daeckes Bee asec toe 2
Benyes, “AS ets eee 227
Gates) sbseN eee eee ae 178
Geddes, Jz: M. 2.0..2- 423
Gillins ieee 131
Girailt, JAS Ancor 373
Hardenberg,. 'C. Boe. .Ae
EHebard) Mo eee eere 47
Hollandy\Vear)eeeeeee 226
Howard, 2,0" teoceee 371
MacGillivray, A. D. .. 373
MeMillan sD eke: 230
Michelson Ace AL eee 83
Moore? Jit / Poe 87
Newstead) (Rate eee 371
Pilsbry, Jee PA see 86
Porter; -Avapeyeereeee 423
RehnjeOAvGi a aa 47
Robinson Viena 357
Schwarz, 2A eee
Scuddemmon ee ere 224
Skinner, H. ...2, 82, 86, 371
Snoderasssineue eee 17s
oT FiImen whee eee ee 217
WelimanmCs eee ee 413
Wheeler, W. M. ...... 27
Willing; il INeS ao eet
Wright, HW iia eects 12
Phoreésie - 6559-2 eee 104
Plants attacked or visited by in-
sects:
Agaricus’ Sik. Co aoe 274
Agropyron glaucum .. 44%,
442, 443
Alder 200 hte poe eee 210
Apple «ix s<+ s.seeee 173, 174
Artemisia dracunculoides,
444.
AGH Ti ..thce eee 174
Beanth 4. See eee 176
Birch: . 5d: heer eee 176
Blackberry.’ << .:tk eyes 114

INDEX. iii

Blue-stem ......... 441, 442 Phen” fee ee oe 174, 176
Bromeliads, 96, 381, 402-410 Prickly: ast panccaces ts 174
JOGO 7 172 Ouercus, 82, 242, 245, 477;
Bugle weed .......... 173 478.
Carynota mera ........ 143 Ranunculus acris ..... 300
Citharexylum quadran- Rhododendron cataw-

CLIUMTAD. CSc Re OES 301 Bicnser eee. oh ts. os 273
Coffea liberica ........ 305 Roset Gs seesch Nounesies 477
Colorado blue-stem, 441, 442 Sarracenia sledget ..... 194
WCRAMICOUS a sdcios suas 467 Sassafras tat -cs)0/<- 172, 176
Enchanter’s nightshade, 173 Smilacina racemosa ... 346
Euphorbia robusta .... 462 Sweeb Sm! ..ciuece: 143
Evening primrose 112 shamMaAtO meee aoe te GOS
Meverwort ............ 176 Trumpet vine ........ 285
middiewood .........- 301 PSUGM AeA ates aoe 286
Fraxinus velutina ..... 120 Veronica beccabunga, 309
202 S¢- cae eae 384 Viburnum acerifolium.. 477
Grindelia ee O55.» 440 Wialidtee see eee 176
Hickory ees eee 172, 480 Wiheat! = ceeceen sane 442
ee Sa Willow ote ee 176
Elo os 174 P 5
Pineeweedarhorescens 478 | ost ean, Entomological eee
Japanese Hemlock .... 386 Preparation of Scientific
Ll 350 DANES ss deese ees ac 360
Ledum groenlandicum ..217 | Preservatives against Der-
Lycopersicum esculen- MeStdSh eee een re 418

ye 303 | Puget Sound Marine Sta-
Lycopus europaeus .... 300 HOU 2 onstrate se ecko oe 202
Mamtenan eels oss. . 173, 176 | Rat fleas and tapeworms .... 469
Mentha spp. ........- 309 | Reviews:
Mimusops hexandra .. 224 Banks’ Manual of Phil-
Oaks (see Quercus) ippine Silk Culture.. 475
Oenothera biennis ... 112 Blatchley’s Coleoptera
Oieanders S522... :.': 167, 168 GE Indiana, <53 628. 46
WMIVEd 2 sae cooks ee 167, 168 Boyce’s Mosquito or
Mietaee sts sss... 167, 168 1 Cr ee erene Ae See me Q2
HIGACHMNMES cores sa. alse 383 Burr’s Orthopt. of West
“RE VE eae 134 Burepet i3.29-0 0d 185
SPREE sod eccccs.s. 167, 168 Doane’s_ Insects and
Reppermink 5....6..6<. 173 Disease? as cae cae 45
ieesimmon ........ 172, 176 Hancock’s Nature
Eaecner plant ......... 194 Sketches in Temper-
VOLS oh RAO ae as 173 ate ‘America! 22.2220 334

iv INDEX.

artis: “Last “of VAN.
Amer. Cicindelidae ..
Horvath’s Taxonomy of
Family Names
Howard’s House
—Disease Carrier ... 333
Kellogg’s The Animals

283

eval Iwlehal Secaoo 4c ite, 9335
Kirby’s Catalogue of

Ogthopreray ees. coy. 158
Ross’ Reduction of

Domestic Mosquitoes, 432
Smith’s Report on the
Insects of New Jer-

SEya eet ees 93, 182
Walden’s Euplexoptera
and Orthoptera_ of

Connecticut
Week’s Illustrations of

Diurnal Lepidoptera, 284
Salt and Alkaline Lakes of

U. Ss Tnvestication of: 14... 180

Sexual dimorphism, Great, 480
Silk Culture, Banks’ Manual
of Philippine Viiccec. .sco.. 475
Simplified spelling .......... 262
Sleeping Sickness Commis-
SIOM sear e usin Risser 226
Snails, Dipterous larvae para-
SitiCuIni Choe eae ae cae ome 326

St. Louis Entomological Club, 383

Students in Entomology,
INumbersot ss. crease eco 17
Tapeworms, Fleas as_ inter-
mediate hosts of -......... 460
Termitophilous insects ...... 274
Theses for doctorates, Ento-
MOLOLICAl sr Aen eee 464

Transvaal, Entomology in ... 41
Tropical Entomology, Liver-

pooluchairiinl asc. eee 84, 371
Venezuela, Bond Expedi-
HOBREG 065. s hehe ones 131

United States Dep’t of Agri-
culture

ARACHNIDA.

Araneus, Use of name ...... 418
CostagkRicawACnOt eee 405
Courtship in Tarantulas ..... 127
Beira’). he eee 461
Eriophyes) Hanes. ees 12
Illinois, Spider from ........ A6I
Number of eggs laid by

Spider -......J00t i eee eee 461

Peckham collection of Spiders, 460

sericata, petra ois0use et... 401
COLEOPTERA.
abruptus, Enoclerus ........ 121
acerbus,*, Emoclerus .......-. 119
Aen eSalacOrig eee eee 132
Ambrosia beetles transporting
FUNGI oeca ction ee eee 470
anglis,-Emoclerus se andecne 120
Arizona, ‘C. of, 72, 117, 122) 275
320.
Aithous (Jee omc yee set eee 275
australis*, Pleocoma ........ 65
Mgion <br eeeeesie Anes ve 71
bagoiformis, Listronotus .... 178
beyert, Plustotis ......:..:-- 326

Biologia Centrali-Americana,

Curculionidae Gf. <..45.<-. 223
bipunctata, Cymatodera ..... 117
bituberculata, Hydnocera .... 123
brevis, DOrcus act eceest her 354
California, C. of, 64, 117, 118, 110,

227,

Galotiliuskh ¢ cceka 343 8e eee II5
carolinae*, Scaphisoma ..... 275
Carrion-feeding C. ...... 324, 336
castoris, Platypsylla ..... 227, 288
Catalogus Coleopterorum ... 86
Chrysomela ...... so<sGneeses 305
Prcindale 2): <n e meee 271, 283
Colorado, Cot Gclsenen ae 72, 118
Casta Rica, C. Of 22.) cen 405
(Cyunatodera. .qctoae ie 116, 117

damicornis, Orthopleura .... 134

INDEX. b

delicatula, Cymatodera ..... 116
Dermestids, Preservatives
ROSE Aes Se Ss: sc ana ae na 418
DD OR EMSEND PAI Cs ole wccaio hice 354
eburneocinctus*, Calotillus ... 115
cin i 123
L208 2S 118
WIMMUPHAMMES) <5 (fl cis cisco Se ees cs 124
Pioeimeoilection. .2..........- 374
flammula*, Hyperaspis later-
IES oc SO ceR CODED EEE EEE 72
iit 116, 189
foveolatum, Tyloderma ..... 112
PAGUNIEG HOrMa +. ....6.-. 16
(Gasrsig. (C. OlSa anaes 727 he
IELG ENE. 3 oo RDA OCDE LOveL7, 132
IENMONOCENG ceec.s: 06s. 122) 129
UPUPERASPIG) Soa ccc s slew cee. 72-74
llisiners. (Cs Ch 72
incompletus*, Axion ........ 71
(angie. (C30) 46, 74
ESATIGASHE OSE OED ser. calc ego ss « 15
koebelei*, Psyllobora ....... 71
laticornis, Ellipotoma ...... 123
PEER IMOMS 8 38 P osteo 275
IL GOUT) 5 ao AR eee 16
laine (Co Ol So pede noe ean 119
marutha*, Cicindela ........ 272
mexicana*, Hydnocera ...... 122
Mexico, C. of, 116, 117, 119, 122,
123, 125, 326.
Iulic mezigls (Coon: aa 72

Nevada. Of ..::73, 74, 117, 120
New Jersey, C. of 230, 354, 355,
383, 384.

Memmimexics, ©, of ........ 122
Mewawenre ©. Of .......... 272
North Carolina, C. of ....273-275
Moavaeaeotia ce. Of ......... 306
ocreatus, Enoclerus ......... 118
opifex, Enoclerus .......... 120

Pennsylvania, C. of, 47, 48, 94, OF
134, 383, 384, 477, 478, 479.

PHOLPESIE? 355.2585 228 2202S ee es 194
EVCOCOMGR de ona ate Se 64
PiCAtG) (CRIGNIYS: ne saat ae 114
ploribunda*, Hyperaspis .... 74
PIUSTOUS AS acne 326, 356, 479
PHIONOSHERACUST —o Fo Nal iocice we 125
pulchellus*, Eurycranus ..... 124
EZ SUICU OL tance Jae a teeter: 71
rufiventris, Enoclerus quadri-

LOTT SI im AO IDOLE BH OGL 119
santa-clarae, Cicindela ....... 271
SCUPHIOMMGEUS. soe tance oe cose 275
SCapHSOMEre eases tc. ena. 275
Schilsky collection .......... 373
South Carolina; G of 25.4.2). 226
spinolae, Enoclerus.......... 119
staphylea, Chrysomela ...... 306
superba*, Hydnocera ....... 122
TexasiG< of i2..% 120, 350, 478-9
turbata, Cymatodera ........ 117
Plo Perma oss eee See ae II2
WiahwGuck ish.ssn4-oae4 120, 178
virescens*, Pinacodera ...... 275
vulturina, Cicindela ......... 271
wellmani*, Hyperaspis ...... 2
wolcotti*, Hyperaspis ...... 73
woodw, Plisiotis .....:.. 356, 479

DIPTERA.

abdominalis*, Endaphis ...... 128
LZIDELPIOMGAG® in jaiar = « fee © araiet alee 352
americana*, Endaphis ....... 12
AN OPNELES se scatterer 05
ATIzOnas Ds -Oleasmeiseeeee 129, 480
ALS PHONOVUW ae oases eae 109, 301
Calttormias Dot is. anee 447, 480
California, New flea from ... 447
Cate flea Aoki aee.aeye Oeeoemierecs 226
Cayor “Worm -aas-eee. ese 467
Ceylon: Doiteren = cee 22
Chironomid larvae parasitic

dfs SATS erste ree tele te tri 326
coffeae*, Hyperdiplosis ...... 305

vi INDEX.

Gontarinid ae netiee see eee 303
Costa Rica, DOF ete eae 405
CrLOTIANG ieee oahes oils sits istetoreveks 318
Gtenocephalusena- coe ec se 226
Ctenophthalmus ........+.2+- 445
Culley aera wine Cie cee eis iers 95
Dasiyneuragieer aceon 210, 346
Dog’ feat. monte sis oreo 226
Eggs of chironomids, Jelly
PAM COL Seen cores mesiewte 421
Endaphis SM ath howe Cae 128, 224
eupatorii*, Hyperdiplosis .... 110
BuUsiqQlomyia 2.5. 2-025 cous oae 321
fasciatus, Ceratophyllus ..... 46G
fisherit*, Syrphus ..c00..220- 319
Havay SAOCOnGAGO eb ee bee eet 351
Bled’ 2vows olor 226, 445, 460, 471
Flies and disease ...228, 333, 467
RUD, IAS se00n0000000 133
fungicola*, Toxomyia ....... 302
Gall midges, Io, 109, 128, 210, 224,
301, 346.
heiseri*, Ctenophthalmus .... 445
Wartoa*®, Endapys. cern <0 n\010e 224
Hyperdiplosis .:......+.- II0, 305
NDANG Bo xsi eet Gow etic oebiae 320
infumatum, Clanoneurum ... 480
laetus; Macrodon ... 06. <cs 319
Westodiploses priieeeiaetiicie: ois 10
LAMAN ODIO. slajs crea, sicrevheiee aetsiioe 85
lycopersici*, Contarinia ...... 303
margimata*, [dana ..........- 320
melanocerus, Tabanus ....... 133
Maastor Nanvae (nie cele 227
MaACrod on. wae tyeccinentecitie weno 319
Mosquitoes fed by ants ...... 466
New Jersey, D. of, 48, 182, 188,
285, 384.
New York, D. of, 85, 227, 346, 340-
354.
nigriventris*, Criorhina (Pen-
PROSHUD) os. ccnkivk ask EEE 318
oestriformis, Eristalis ....... 209

parietina, Limnobia

pattersoni*, Asphondylia .... 301

Pennsylvania, D. of, 48, 188, 318-
322, 384, 477, 478, 480.

Renthestiiige eee ee ee eee eee 318
‘Peru, 0): Of. seen neers 10, 128
peruviana*, Lestodiplosis .... 10
Phoresie’ 2c bose eee oes 194
Pypelia.. oe vo Re eee er 321
v. Roeder collection and li-
Dray <ceeeceacer oer 373
SGCONdAGG eee eee eee 349
senilis, Adelphomyia ........ 352
serena, Pyreilig nape ime nes oe 321
serrulata, Dasyneura ....... 210
smilacinae*, Dasyneura ..... 346
Tabanus. o.cce2v en ee 133
Theopaldigaeen-s eee oes 95
ROLOMVIGE A cea eke eee 302
trimaculatus, Tabanus ...... 133
Tseztse fliesiesa tcp eee 277
vincenti*, Asphondylia ....... 109
vittipes, Eustalomyia ........ 321
Westiindiess sD vole ce- 109, 301-5
HEMIPTERA.
(See Rhynchota).
HYMENOPTERA.
Amp hibolips ] 5 tee eek enn oe 198
amygdalina*, Caliroa ....... 263
ANGOTUS {ac oe ee 207, 209
Anaphes 2. Sec AE ee ee 364
Annphowmens ica ceo eee 215
ARGFICES Jos eo eee 69, 70, 108
Anthophora, Parasites of ..17, 132
Ants car cerere 143, 405-7, 419, 478
Ants, Coleoptera associated
With Mao eet 8 OEE 274
Ants, Green Tree, of North
Queensland <.. 2.ecueeemee 327
Ants, Mosquitoes fed by .... 466
Ants paralyzed by secretion
ORB ie ss sc a he eee 468

INDEX. vii
PPIETOSHGMG! 2.2... ..-.- 406 fn. | Migration of Ants ...... 419, 478
aspidioti*, Polynema ....358, 367 | Mimatomus ..............+.. 464
E0505 5 in 26 | multipunctata*, Dryophanta .. 67
etal OF eae dice a's st 407 fn. | New Hampshire, H. of ...211-215
brittanum*, Polynema ....... 366 | New Jersey, H. of ........ 70, 95
caepulaeformis*, Andricus .. 69 | New York, H. of ........ 18, 211
Caliorma, H..of ...... 67-60, 357 | nigra*, Amphibolips ........ 198
californica*, Philonix ....... GO) I} NOMmagi he Boe ee ia oe 2 26
So cig A Se 263 || Nomadosoma® «2. ...0.00.<5.< 24
chrysolepidis*, Holcaspis .... 68 | Nomenclatural changes ..... 218
clavula*, Dryophanta ........ G7, || North? Carolina, Loft 5-2. -- 214
Gelamiag, 1. Gt ....82, 210, 462-4 | Oregon, H. of .......4...... 357
confertus, Sphecodes ....... ET ||" OSI Te aoe a cits Sao oe 18
consobrinus, Polynema ..... 467 | paraplesius*, Sphecodes ..... 213
Rare nical! Of .....:. AOL AOTZ, le OSULE Shr metre tra ancitaciee ache 24
(Clie. Jeb Ogee 6s 2 peltatus*, Mimatomus ....... 464
ENMBSCUS) LETEUS). . 2 << 200.050 s 363 | Pennsylvania, H. of ....198, 321
diana*, Anaphoidea ......... DUCA) CAO were ates eae eras aicke 69
Loca S i BAMN| NOTESIG@L. oa) joss «raises ASereroe 194
DDENOEOSINMS: 2.2 < 2. - +2005 197) ||| piltpes:, Pasites: 4.4.20. se. 24
BO 67, 357 | pisiformis*, Andricus ....... 70
durangensis*, Andricus ...... 198 | Polynema ...... 358, 365, 366, 467
Papiand) (Hof ....... 216, 363-8 | pratensis, Anaphes ....... 364, 368
FS S| OS TEE SOS OPIS oS oa saan gee 213-215
Eriocampoides .............. 263 | pulchella*, Dryophanta ...... 357
euchariforme, Polynema..365, 368 | punctum, Anaphes .......... 364
favus*, Dryocosmus ........ raze | Ouchee: Hw Gtr orc. ots care 349
UA 5 18 | Rhode Island, H. of ........ 213
SoS a 67, 82, 197, 357 | Saunders’ collection ......... 272
Geneiypes of He. ........... 218 | shawi*, Sphecodes .......... 212
Swse. Ee AGF | SERECODES A ons = arma 211-213
halitus*, Dicopus ........... 347 spirtius*®, Anagrus .........- 209
Piewmumade ............... 26 | Striaticorne, Polynema ...365, 367
heterus*, Sphecodes ......... 212 | SnitGmaspiSags = psiea eier = 82
Ags Se 68, 82 | telepora*, Prosopis .......... 213
incarnatus, Anagrus ........ 207 | Tenthredinoidea, Genotypes of 218
Indiana, H. of ...... 70, 211, 213 | Texas, i. OR, ci ones 4II
a tit 363 | warrent®, Syntomaspis ...... 82
lon: 95 l) WisconSints blatO tee eee 215
Louisiana, H. of ....198, 263, 265 | LEPIDOPTERA.
Massachusetts, H. of ........ 70; || Achalarus. i: c2ec sae ace ee 3
mehiiia*, Prosopis ......... ZEX || Acronyeia. 25.0 ce pee ce eee 300
Mesto. Of .......... FOS: - 359.04 Gelphaa stacaamadttaca vetoes 414

vili

Albettay 0) Of a. ss % 108, 231, 400
amicora*, Acronycta ......-- 312
amnemonella*, Diatraea ..... 203
ANOCTUSNS” Kactcrcenss cee aie 125
angustella*, Diatraea ........ 205
ATCRVUS Oh Sched te deca wee ee 265
ALG YRINS! Soa te oe ecice oat o's 108
Arizona, L. of, 3, 266, 267, 293, 312,

379, 415.

TASTED RAMA OCS EOL OC 229
(OM dip PANELS CERO DO BEAD ODOOC 229
battoides, Lycaena .......... 259
Wait, (GORIS” scandncoudane ac 220
bellifactella*, Diatraea ...... 205
Dellus, Wastor <cth chow tyes 267
berthellus*, Diatraea ........ 206

beutenmulleri, Catocala ..140, 180
Brazil, of; 125, 202, 203; 205-
207.

bredowi, Adelpha ........... 414

Breedme whe J a eee ees 172-176

British Columbia, L. of, 108, 390,
400.

California, L. of, 11, 220, 228, 259,
293, 415.

californica, Adelpha ........ 414
Ganadas Es tot its shee ce cies 316
Cannibalismian eee ee eee 174
carteri, Protambulyx ....... 4I
Catalogus Lepidopterorum, 379
Catalparspininscees ease erie 47
Catocala ...139, 140, 175, 180, 371
CeLnUurad, EMChIOe eee e cece II
CHAO em ives row eeRepievetenet as = eearet 206
chlorina*, Stenoma .......+- 126
CIVTIE. PRECIO ee hits crei te eee 203
COMBS ones culos cane ee ceon mies 220

Colorado, L. of, 220, 259, 268, 311,
400, 413, 462. .

Connecticut (oteee sees 370
continens*, Diatraea ......... 202
Costa RucayWya Ons anche 258, 405

dacotae*, Pamphila sassacus.. 412

INDEX.

Dakota, 1. of South: ....2:- 412
DGG xh 05 Ate fe ee a 300
Dtatrdew « ss25262522220%2 5% > 199
dissimilis*, Stenoma ........ 126
enoptes, Lycaend ...........- 259
Bpcbus 282000155 eee 370
EG OSE O78 As bie Pos Poe ee 412
Buchwerta- 2222202 -> a-eee 13
1 AYIA LY SRS AOAC Il
EWP CHIOVUS SNe 5 2s ap da es 2 ate 193
faunellus*, Crambus ........ 207
Florida, L. of ...41, 111, 226, 439
Gas lamps’ for attracting
moths, . hs s28s2. aes 87
Geéorgias L; OF}. S203... adeees AI2
glaucon, Lycaenad ........<-- 259
grandiosella*, Diatraea ...... 205
grenadensis*, Diatraea_ sac-
CHOTQHUIS Joists ole te tas =5-clo's ore tee 200
Guiana, 1. of .....%. 202, 203, 206
Gypsy sinoth: cet eee 225
HeterocnroG ois 2.> Jseneee 414
Hiibner’s Exotic Butterflies.. 379
Fivperchirta. ost. 2326 eoreee vs 144
Idaho, Is:«08) £25/-25 eeeee eee 413
theringi*, Anacrusis ......... 12
Tikinois; of Le seeeece 359, 399
immaculata*, Parnassius .... 108
incarnata, Hyperchiria ...... 144
Mes. dL hecla=* 4: shee Poe a ae 293
instructella*, Diatraea ....... 201
Towaj.J54 Ob + 25a eae ares oe 412
jouw, (Catocdla ~245..ceeee. oe 140
yuaith,Catocala .23-ss.28.<- 140
leda; Theclay ..-4 22a eae 203
lopmusa*, Papilio 2.2.2. 3teas- 439
Eyeaena 22.3 62.5222 238, 259, 359
lygdamus, Lycaena ......... 359
magnifactella*, Diatraea .... 201%
Manitoba, L. of, 300, 314, 315, 399,
400, 401.
Massachusetts, L. of........ 316
WESTOP. rctcreicrcrah oooh Ave ais See 267

INDEX. ix
WRERTITIYRUS oo cece cee wane quer | phylace, (Mason 2 2. <2 <ais\>+'<\ 267
NERUDA te a ae See eine’ 1 cee ea eas es « 285
mewa™, AfOnytia ......... 31 | ponceana*, Papilio .......... 438
Mexico, L. of, 144, 201, 202, 204, | pseudocellus*, Achalarus . 3
205, 293, 415, 439. | quinquemacula*, Pamphila 413
Microlepidoptera, Methods of ISG apa er D.OnO ODE EOC 266
capturing and breeding ... 141 | Resemblance of L. to a caddis
Migrations of L. ....48, 371, 415 Hy ied rc de ade Oa ee oe 8 ee 384
minimifacta*, Diatraea ...... 202 | Rhode Island, L. of ........ 399
Mrssissippi, I. Of ...:....... 194 | saccharalis, Diatraea ....199, 200
Missouri in 1910, L. of, 170, 322, | Sakuntala*, Argynnis ........ 108
370. Saskatchewan I °Or-.. 2.7... 400
montana*, Pamphila pawnee, 413 | seminole*, Eresia texana 412
Myriads of moths .......... 371 | soctalis, Euchaeria .......... 13
navajo*, Megathymus ...... 300 | South Carolina, L. of ....... 203
neomexicana*, Datana ...... 300 | South Dakota, L. of ........ 412
ic 397 | Starlings picking Arctia co-
INVER Gs ILA ae 250 | COOUS Beste «) erst ctotale aici etatol cial oi aiete 287
New Jersey, L. of, 47, 48, 140, I4I, | SHZGONEES eas cad afew eae Whee 126
142, 238, 383, 384. streckeri, Colias nastes ..... 231
New Mexico, Tusgi(oh rie . 268, 300, 413 | strigipenella*, Diatraea ...-. 206
Niearagia, L. of ............ 200 | tabernella*, Diatraea sac-
epee ee .. 266 | _chardlis ....0.0...00eee0 200
North Carolina, L. of ....... 203 | Lallant collection of Lep., 41, 81
Number of yearly broods of tener, Archylus ......-.0i%- 205
L. in New Jersey ........ 238 | Tennessee, L. of ........ 142, 316
DOGRE EPCOUS <0. 22.205. e es 370 | Texas, L. of ............05- 415
remem iy of ..2....-... 250, 415 | Lhecla ..........2-...e eee 203
oslari*, Chionobas alberta ... 220 | Timetes .......--2.000s Bld; 226
Pairs, Pupation in .......... 370 | tracyi*, Eurycttarus ........ 193
ampbila wl 2022. es. 412, 413 | tristis*, Acronycta .......... 316
Pearamede: (Ofickes, s.. rs. 20m | turpis*, Aeronycta .......--. 311
pallida*, Pamphila mystic ... 412 | Utah, L. of ......... 250, 312, 413
pallidostricta*, Diatraea ..... 205 | utahensis*, Pamphila sylvan-
Palpi, Libythea bachmani - 0 SOLOS Hse ok shat ert ictal o Oe a) 413
ie. 379 Wirsiniane le sOt ccccesse sere 203
oe A 140 warneri, Catocala ....... 140, 180
2 os a 438, 439 Washington, L. of ...... ote SIE
pedibarbata*, Diatraea ...... Bae |) oes) Mastatces et Exar
‘ ; 76 Ga Be ge ar oss SN 2 2 284
pedidocta*, Diatraea ........ aaa eet Tadicciale mee 200, 202, 203
Pennsylvania, L. of, 229, 371, 399, Witsconsin® (enote ee ee 370
415, 422, 477. Wyong, L. of 2::.50.0.... 108
RES os ce ay seca e neo eele 196 | zeacolella*, Diatraea ........ 203

x INDEX.

MALLOPHAGA.

agonus, Goniodes ........+.. 23
Bolivian birds, M. from ... 19
Californian birds, M. from .. 75
Colpocephalum sp. .........- 77
IDNEGAVOFUS. Saackoosac¢ 19, 75, 76
epiphanes*, Lipeurus ........ 21
fissi-signatus*, Docophorus .. 19
PAR OULU: | cote tas feSoiayne shes oom oy6 21
monachus*, Docophorus per-

HOSS “So g6b0 600 COsNaO000GC 75

stictum*, Colpocephalum .... 77

NEUROPTERA (excl. Mallophaga
and Odonata).
Bromeliadicolous caddis-worm 411

fasciatus, Chauliodes in Phila-
delphia 24h scien nee 478

North Carolina, Panorpa of.. 274

Pennsylvania, Trichoptera of, 384

Termes, Coleop. associated
With, sc nevenvee neve caste renee 274
ODONATA.

ACOGYION EH Ret eran on ee eee 344
angustipennis, Calopteryx ... 148
ANISOPIEUTE scence com eee eer 149
BAVGCera re oe eee ee 150
Biologia Centrali-Americana,

Odon Mot Wer nes bet aaely vay 39
Biel © Ol isoosessodouns 303, 305
brimleyi*, Gomphus ......... 221
Caloptervie \Farue seca ons ee 148
Causes of Local Distribution

Of “Odon mts VERA LER ee 220
cavillaris, Gomphus ......... 222
chinensis, Neurobasis ....... 147
chirrepa: (Coral Als coc aeioe 51, 58
comes, Antsopleura ......... 140
Goramlarvaseeer 49, 96, 138, 153

Costa Rica, O. of, 49, 96, 380, 381,
402-410, 449-458.

(CORA OAUMHE Besontcsgdoanscec 304
Gomphowdes: i... skies sock 79, 303
GOMPRUS 305 BS eNO ee 221

High altitudes, O. from ..380, 381
PCH IMS Ac. 3 ceca om ateee rene 395
Mlin@is=(O: cote sect aeeeee 395

India, O. of, 147, 149, 150, 153, 342-
344, 394, 395.

Indica Bayadera. =. eee 150
iphigenia, Mecistogaster ..... 457
eto, (Oh Gi sonsacccas4s5 I51
Kentucky, ©O=tofsee re eeeree 148
lineatus, Onychogomphus ... 395
Macrogomphus ........0e00 306
Mecistogaster, 96, 381, 402-410,
449-460.
Mexico @ of > ee 402, 449, 457
MisrationvorOl ee seer 419

modestus, Mecistogaster, 96, 381.
402-410, 449-460.

Niewrobasts: 155 Ssanee eee 147
New. Jersey, O) ot... eee: 420

North Carolina, O. of ....79, 222
Nymphs, 49, 96, 138, 147, 153, 342,

392, 449.
Ontholestes se seee eee eee 152
Pennsylvania, ©} of -ee- eee 336
Phenacolestes: h--nnsee een e ee 479
Phaloganiaw.-cseceee eRe 153
Plant-dwelling larvae, 402-410,

449-458.

Podagrion nymph ...........- 342
Pseudagrion’) saa cee eee 344
ORTHOPTERA.

abortivus, Nemobius fascia-

i) AERIS ACen SiS. AS Se te)
AGimantus: Layne ohn coe eeek oe 251
Atrica: (Owe? 2. sence ee 480
Africa, O. of Lake region of

Géntral, «<i Jch eee Oe 237
agraecioides*, Bertoniella ... 255

angustipennis, Melanoplus ... 9

atlanis, Melanoplus ......... 8
atlas*, ‘Hormetica. 22.0 eees 248
Bertoniella® 2x .c. cme eee 255
Bilatella, <a Gokcx on tue wee 14

INDEX.

collare, Spharagemon
Columbia, O. of District of, 37, 157
Connecticut, Walden’s O. of, 476

mseicr ©. Of 0.2. csee0. 405
esau, Arixena, on bat ...... 469
GRAIG APIA 2.0550 00005% 7
Georeias Oo i4...s B15 132) 155
germanica, Blatella ......... 14
gracilicormis, Sisantum ...... 250
IEICTATLG ALS BAD OC EELS 468
JEL FLLGHIGN)! (ein BORO DIU 248
indiana @= Of .- ccs 50s 381
NiTimr@sa OF Of aes «cs ac cs che’ 381
IISHHIBNC. vos 65 SACO OEE Ro EOEe 252
Kirby’s Catalogue of O. .... 158
ILGROSE ERS OAC OB Ee 257
maculatus, Hippiscus ....... 7
Manitoba OY Of .5..55.-< 0. 5
Massachusetts, ©: of ...:.... 28
melanochloris*, Isophya 252

Musical Habits of O. ..... 28, 154

neglectus, Gryllus pennsyl-
GETEELIS Soe ROC CHOSE 9
New England, O. of ........ 28
Nemmvark= ©. of —...95....% 28
Nomenclatural changes in O.. 158
North Carolina, O. of ....238, 387
OMMETECHO Wa. o55)s sc. 0's 251
ERIN OL. .... ois avs « 247
paranensis*, Lutosa ......... 257
IRASHHICM ON S88 caciecisyiecie sso 468
Paratenodera feeding on Ci-
CHES, ooodonos Cente Sno nnee 478
Pennsylvania, ©. of ...... 190, 237
Resemblance of O. to Mem-
(PARIGAE? bs 4bns Ono eee 330
Sexual dimorphism, Great ... 480
srmplex, Eritettix .........6 238
SASOMEUIN Han 6 arsys.0 ois 6 os ode e's 250
virens, Omme-xecha ........- 251
vitticeps, Adimantus ........ 251
Western Europe, O. of ..... 185
Mitertern UW. 5. O. of ........ 47

xi

RHYNCHOTA.

Africa, R. of 416
agropyronensis*, Chaitophorus, 442
Aleyrodes
americanus, Lethocerus (Be-

loSEOMa) eee on ets o's:
Arizona, R. of
arizonensis*, Dendrocoris, 269, 270

artemisiae*, Chaitophorus ... 443
PAS PAULO LUS Yad tetero ose Sas wets 385, 386
Val ZAG PRE Be GROG DORAN ORAE 440
Atlantic States, R. of ....... 246
Belostoma captures fish ..... 373
Blackscale! 32 ese cieeee 167
BYAENVGCOWWS) Mss yo ee ase 441
British Columbia, R. of ..... 246
Duenort «Gers insu << falco 246
7 Galitomntay, RevOfien - se seer 167
Gapyella ache Mle cies oe 416
Ghattophorus... 2201044 442, 443
Cicada, Mantis feeding on ... 478

Coccidae, Parasites of, 10, 224, 358
Colorado, R. of
Columbia, R. of District of .. 245
Con onhintsianeiia ae ore eek
Costa Rica, Heteroptera of .. 405

Pendnocorts: «sanas<s tosses 268
euphorbiarum*, Aleyrodes
PYMAMOSUS DV HH davsroare set etsieker are 462
AUS CHASEUS. aacieyotactaeas foes 95
QOS Sarthe Siosrcttoe Os eeetontie 2416
grindeliae*, Atarsos ......... 440
Mim o1ss (RevOteas epee 241, 245
Keansacue Re iOteveet.erie aioe 443
ledi*, Pseudococcus ......... 217
Membracidae Habits of 143
Membracidae, Models of ... 228
Membracidae, Resemblance of
Orthoptera to. 725-2 -6- 336
Moulting of Membracidae ... 143
New Jersey, R. of ....... 142, 1890
New Yorke Re ob fe5e oe. 217
novella*, Capyella .......... 416

xii INDEX.

olegey “SaisSevia enetenae eer 167
Periodical cicada ....142, 177, 189
ehvilaphis taco secs 243, 245
IPSEWAOGOGGUS waite ee) vate 217
pteridis, Mastopoda ......... 440

Ptilocerus ochraceus, Ants
paralyzed by secretion of .. 468

querci, EvioSOMG .......0000 241
reticulatus*, Dendrocoris, 269, 270
Sis CHG! warahraraereure ens Hanae 167
Saunders? collection, ..:.¢.2: 272
Taxonomy of Family Names, 431
tritici*, Brachycolus ........ 441
tsugae*®, Aspidiotus ....600.- 385
SIPHONAPTERA.
(Indexed under Diptera).
AUTHORS.
Mexanders ©, (Bs 2 aces 86, 349
AWlard: Hie Aen Stiaasaitederer 28, 154
BankesatNiiynserrcteroccet tees 194, 419
Barbers py letsm Gey a acecd ete erero eke tote 268
IBennars,’ WW “Go addouadosn 265, 267
xYSreArony IDs 5 oahaadaoconoce 416
Beutenmuller, W. ....67, 197, 357
ISH OMY Sit Cun sc ois sun'le Be Mpls 8 340
Bower ipblerdMi . oe.3/2. paettetarele 359
Brehme ws Weluereie ats 144, 287
Brimley, iCy "Ss. oa sis o's wee 133, 387
Britton We (Hs be carectesascs 373
Bueno; J. JR. Teenssicteteuneerier 246
Burgesss Ai. Fe skccio. navel ae 422

Galvert; P) P., 40; 40) 181) 83h 230)

177, 223, 325, 335, 370, 402, 417,
420, 438, 440, 465 and Index.

Caudell,. Ak INe\ 4s. snctisiees 159
Chanipion, |G: Gawebsn eter 132, 178
Glemence:: Vie Li.) .citak lah 3, II, 226

Cockerell, T. D: A., 18) 82) 217,
462.

Coolidge, K. R., 3, 11, 40, 226, 327,
339.

Cresson, EB. Ty Jty 42°87, 134) 183,
233, 279, 328, 338, 374, 423, 471.

Davish iis J eatica Na carant teres 241
Dod, FF. Hi Wa. iee ie vor Mae 307
19/0) | el Pan oe Ran SoS. ob a clot 300
Dow, RaiPRs Wassy. dae ee 130) 275
Diiirys "Ge aeskerettate Sao eee 273
Dyary Els Give, Syke eset 199
Pall? EL x eee aerate 64

Felt, FE; -P., 10,) 100; 428) 227, 232;
301.

Bemyes CAs ate ares ee ee eels 227

Gillette; Ge (Pes cc.ncc ade overs 440

Girault, A. A., 14, I12, II4, 207,
215, 347, 358, 363, 411, 461, 467.

Greene, G. M., 48, 95, 190, 286,

384, 479.
Grinnell WE npr.) oe soe eeeee 293
Grossbeck;-9J. (AH tax-os eee 143
Baskin; J, RA eas. a: uss 203
lébardsiMi.. Ba. 8s. aeare carers 5
Bill MEDS: Fes oe wee 421
Howards W:4Ob tse euss- eee: 97
We. 1G kebab A eas S220
Ones: J SME Fs 3 toe rat one ere 193
Rearfotti iW. Die eee 125
Relloge;V. is 2 eSee eee 19; 75
Rotgkaldys (Gs Wiss eerste tee 246
Bey Be Sater cee inde cates 3006
Bavell, he ddyiske vices a. is 211
MacGillivray. AS Ds) sesso 188
Marlatt ©. Le 2.6% .243824 385
Mirc@oyaGreWerenctecn neat 445
McDunnough, J. ...180, 265, 267
Meiners: sE: GR: to. et eee ee 370
Montgomery, ©: H:, Jr. .:.08 437
Miérton;, IK fz ssecees See 4II
Misttkowskis aRe. eee aes 221, 460
Needham, J. G. ....145, 342) 302
Nunenmacher, F. W. ........ 71
O'Brien; UR: Aas saiieecates 327
Qsborn, dee Ek ce ieee 179

Paine: J. Ta lal yee 19, 75

INDEX. Xili
Petrankevitch, A. .......... '2% i). Sherman: sede fees awer'es = 387
leila. (GS ene Seoepeanne 371 | Skinner, H., 1, 46, 47, 94, 108, III,
i ol 2S) Deer 79 138, 130, 220, 225, 226, 231, 277,
UD iri eee 87 283, 284, 202, 300, 334, 354, 381,
HAGIONO EIST since ect esscce se 167 412, 414, 415, 432, 476, 480.
225d. 10) So 370) Ae SIOSSOMSS AG eliirs cto ciciam eisis este 3 4l
Peau, 5, 42,. 97, 134, | Smith, J. B. ...<+. 6.06554 309
eteemteS 1 163, 167, 233, | Stamm, J. CG. ....0....e0.2- 423
Bigee7on 20%, 328, 374, 423, 471, | Stiles, C. W. ..<.2...5%. 13I, 278
477. Vani Duzees Baebes... sete 432
Rarer \\e 12 Rear eeiae AG. | Vato Wiyices VB Go arcs a'c Sctais 220
PME PA, ear cie cece ences O3hi. Waltons Wea eee. sce 182, 318
vonmwerno. JA: oc. s..<. 2AM 21S, 203) |e Wiashburi. (Be Ion sosee cs 422
Lee iS eee 7H We NWellnaaths Criscare ule oes Sakic’ ae 15
Raye ENE Gr) (5 -<a\s ciaveial caress 230 | Wheeler, W. M. ...406 fn., 407 fn.
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ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION

OF THE

Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

VOLUME XXII, 1911.

MAJOR JOHN EATTON LE CONTE, 1784-1860.

PHILIP P. CALVERT, Ph.D., Editor.
E. T. CRESSON, Jr., Associate Editor.
HENRY SKINNER, M.D., Editor Emeritus.

ADVISORY COMMITTEE:

EZRA T. CRESSON ERICH DAECKE. J. A. G. REHN.
PHILIP LAURENT WILLIAM J. FOx H. W. WENZEL.
PHICADELPHIA:

ENTOMOLOGICAL ROOMS OF
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES,
LOGAN SQUARE.

1911.

The several numbers of the NEws for 1911 were mailed at the

Philadelphia Post Office as follows :

January
February .
March
April

May

June

July
October

November

The date of mailing the December, 1911, number will be

Bee. 41, 1910

Jan. 30, I9II

Feb. 28,
Mar. 31,
Apr. 28,
May ai,
June 30,
Oct. 6,
Oct. 30;

announced in the issue for January, 1912.

PRESS OF
P. C. STOCKHAUSEN
PHILADELPHIA

EXCHANGES.

Not Exceeding Three Lines Free to Subscribers.

4as- These notices are continued as long as our limited space will allow; the new
ones are added at the end of the column, and only when necessary those at the top
(being longest in) are discontinued

Wanted for cash or good exchange, live fertilized females or fertile
ova of Versicolor, Pandorus, Achemon and Bicolor; can supply fertile
ova of hybrid Actias selene, luna, Antherea mylitta and others.—James
L. Mitchell, 212 Indiana [rust Building, Indianapolis, Indiana.

Wanted addresses of reliable collectors or dealers in Florida, Texas,
New Mexico and California for the exchange or purchase of Lepidop-
tera.—Carlo Zeimet, 170 William St., New York.

Butterflies—! will name spread North American butterflies. Many
rare species for exchange.—Dr. Henry Skinner, Logan Square, Phila., Pa.

information wanted as to some efficient method of completely remov-
ing vestiture from the legs of Lepidoptera without injury to spines or
spurs.—F. H. Wolley Dod, Millarsville, Alta, Canada.

Books—Jardine’s Nat. Hist., 40 vols., 1st issue ; Entomologist’s Ann-
ual, complete, 20 vols. in original covers, fine sets ; Stephen’s Mandibu-
lata, 7 vols. and suppl., and a quantity of Riker mounts for exchange for
books on Lepidoptera.—R. C. Williams, 254 S. 13th St., Phila., Pa.

Identified specimens of Philippine Lepidoptera to sell at % dealers
rates. 100 species, including 10 Papfilios, Hestia leuconoe, Ornithoptera
nephereus, for $25. A few to exch.—O. B. Burrell, Lamao, Bataan, P. I.

Wanted—A copy of Entomological News for January, 1gio. Will
pay liberally for same.—Philip Rau, 4932 Botanical Ave., St. Louis, Mo.

Saturnidae—Have always many rare species in papers and live co-
coons to exchange for rare American Saturnidae or Parnassiinae.—J.
Henry Watson, 70 Ashford Road, Withington, Manchester, England.

Notes on certain species of the Saturnidae. Description of a new spe-
cies of Hemileuca from Western Nevada. In answer to numerous en-
quiries for reprints of the above 2 papers, I am sorry I have none left,
but they may be obtained from Mr. Alan Boyd, The Alton, Altrincham,
England, at 25c. post free ; stamps may be sent.—J. Henry Watson.

Wanted—All kinds of cocoons and pupae, either for cash or exchange.
Also all kinds of butterflies and moths.—Herman H. Brehme, 74 Thir-
teenth Ave., Newark, N. J. .

For Exchange—350 species of Coleoptera for native or exotic speci-
mens new to my collection. List on application.—Emil Liljeblad, 1018
Roscoe St., Chicago, III.

Semiophora tenebrifera, Choephora fungorum and many other
desirable species of Nocturnal Lepidoptera offered for exchange.—Fred.
Marloff, Oak Station P. O., Allegheny Co., Pa.

Lepidoptera—I have for exchange Ca/ocala nubilis, elonympha, gra-
cilis, grynea, ultronia, cerogama, tlia and var. uxor, unijuga, cara,
antinympha, paleogama, neogama and var. snowiana, piatrix and epione.
Desire other Catocalae.—John H. West, 2229 N. Mascher Street, Phila., Pa.

Live ova and pinned imagoes of Catocalae. chrysalids of Sphinges and
Papilios and cocoons and pupae of the Saturnidae and Ceratocampidae
for exchange.—-R. R. Rowley, Supt. Schools, Louisiana, Mo.

Papilios of the world wanted, either by exchange or purchase.—C. F.
Groth, 45 Poplar Place, New Rochelle, N. Y.

Wanted—!_eConte and Horn, Classification of the Coleoptera of North
America. Will pay cash.—Fred. S. Carr, 544 Isabella St., Edmonton,
Alberta, Canada.

For Sale—A copv of the: Butterflies of North America, by W. H.
Edwards. Copy in beautiful condition.—Dr. F. W. Russell, Winchen-
don, Mass.

SECOND VOLUME

ILLUSTRATIONS OF

DIURNAL LERIDOP Wisi

WITH DESCRIPTIONS
BY ANDREW GRAY WEEKS. 7 =
Lott

This second volume contains 37 pages and 21 colored plates
by J. Henry Blake, ad. nat., and B. Meisel, lithographer, descrip-
tive of 35 species hitherto undescribed or figured, from the Suapure
District of Venezuela, with a steel plate frontispiece of William
Henry Edwards. The plates are of the same high, artistic order
as those of the first volume, for sample of which see the adver-
tisement in the News for June, IgII.

Vol. 1. $15.00—117 pages, 45 plates, 81 species.
Vol. 2. 5.00

Address orders to H. PECK, Agent, 8 Congress Street, Boston, Mass., U. S. A.

Or to Bernard Quaritch, 15 Piccadilly, London

1,000 PIN LABELS 25 CENTS! At Your Risk. (Add 10¢ for Registry or Checks)

Limit : 25 Characters ; 3 Blank or Printed Lines (12 Characters in Length.) Additional Lines 10c. Characters ic. per 1,000.
In J cape of 1,000 only : on Heaviest White Ledger Paper---No Border---4-Point Type---About 25 on a Strip---No Trim-

ming---One Cut Makes a Label. SEND ME ORDER WITH COPY, FOR ANY KIND OF ARTISTIC PRINTING LARGE OR SMALL.
INDEX CARDS, MAPS, SEX-MARKS, LABELS FOR MINERALS, PLANTS, EGGS Etc, IF QUANTITY IS RIGHT, PRICE IS SURE TO BE.

c. V. BLACKBURN, 77 CENTRAL STREET, STONEHAM, MASSACHUSETTS

JUST PUBLISHED

New and Little Known Bees, by T. D. A. Cockerell, 25 pp. ......

The Gerrids of the Atlantic States (Subfamily Gerrinae), by J. R. de la
‘Torre: BuenoMio'ppi, cae ccc oh ete aes anc cid gee ee 5

The Larger Boreal American Hesperidae, including Eudamus, Erycides,
Pyrrhopyge and Megathymus, by Henry Skinner, 41 pp., 1 col. pl. —_.60

The Boreal American Species of Chlorippe (Doxocopa, Apatura), by

Henry Skinner, 5\DPs 0» ccecs.- (es =) es ee .Io
Notes on Calligrapha and its allies, with descriptions of a few new spe-

cies, by F.C). Bowditchvse pipes.) 0 SRS eo 2 ee aS
Descriptions of new species of North American Neuropteroid Insects, by

Nathan Banks 26) p pies) plSa. gem ere ” oe che See

A Price List of Entomological Publications Mailed on Application

Address American Entomological Society
Publication Department, Logan Square, PHILADELPHIA, PA.

When Writing Please Mention ‘‘Entomological News.”’

JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
os Official Organ of the Association of Economic Entomologists

_ £ditor, E. Porter Felt. Albany, N. Y., State Entomologist, New York.
Associate Editor, WW. E. Britton, New Haven, Conn., State Entomologist, Conn.
Business Manager, E. Dwight Sanderson, University of West Virginia, Morgantown, W. Va.
The only journal devoted exclusively to economic entomology.
Six illustrated issues per year—bimonthly 50 to 100 pages. Subscription in U. S., Canada
and Mexico, $2.00; and in foreign countries, $2.50 per year in adyance. Sample copy on request.

SS JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY, Morgantown, W. Va.

ebrated Original Dust and Pest-Proof
METAL CASES

Fats Fa: f

fe a FOR SCHMITT BOXES

oe Described in “ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS,” page 177, Vol. XV
____-__ These cabinets are the best and safest ever designed for the preservation

__Ofinsects. They are used by the leading museums in the United States. Send
___ for our illustrated booklet describing them.

aes BROCK BROS., Harvard Square, Cambridge, Mass.
_ HEMILEUCA BURNSI n. sp. ex. Nevada

ot ae By arrangement with Mr. Burns, I am disposing of the available limited
supply of this species described in Trans. Manchester Entom. Soc., rgro.
oat _ Fresh, perfect specimens, </, $1 25; 9, 1.00; pair, 2.00. Carefully

_ papered, carriage free, or set specimens at same price, carriage extra.

a _ J. HENRY WATSON, 70 Ashford Road, Withington, Manchester, England.

_ “The Butterflies of the West Coast”

The above book is out of print, but I have on hand copies of the Book of Plates ; thirty-two
plates, same as are in the unabridged work; all actual photographs, nearly a thousand different
butterflies. All figures are life-size, and colored as in nature, a complete series of Coast Butter-
flies. There are many photos of zew species never before known, so that you will have like-
nesses of species you would stand no chance to get if you were to come to the Coast for them.

This Book of Plates is a guide by which to veri/y species and sex, and to check up the speci-
mens you may receive from the Pacific Coast. The species are all consecutively numbered and
named and the sexes indicated, with Index; but no technical or descriptive text.

Samples, with further information, furnished students who have not yet seen these Plates.

Size 8x1oin. Nicely bound in red silk cloth. Price $1.50 postpaid. Address the author.

W. G. WRIGHT,
445 F STREET, SAN BERNARDINO, CAL.

_ THE POMONA JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY

Published by the Biological Department of Pomona College

The only entomological journal published on the Pacific Slope. A well-established, high-class
quarterly in its second year, fully illustrated, and devoted to original investigations in economic,
biologic and taxonomic entomology. Indispensable to working entomologists everywhere.
Price merely nominal, $1.00 to domestic, and $1.25 to foreign postal countries. Separates of any
articles always availabfe. Address

s Pomona Journal of Entomology, Claremont, California

When Writing Please Mention ‘‘ Entomological News.”

K-S SPECIALTIES ENTOMOLOGY

THE KNY-SCHEERER COMPANY

Department of Natural Science 404-410 W. 27th St., New York

North American and Exotic Insects of all Orders in Perfect Condition
ENTOMOLOGICAL SUPPLIES—CATALOGUES GRATIS

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3 OLN Comte S Oe yr, Se eee RR geht ap $45.00
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Papilio laglazai, Toboroi, New Guinea.
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Please send your list ot Desiderata for Quotation

THE KNY-SCHEERER CoO.

DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL SCIENCE.
G. LAGAI, Ph.D., 404 W. 27th Street, New York, N. Y.

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PARIS EXPOSITION:
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ST. LOUIS EXPOSITION : Grand Prize and Gold Medal ee
ENTOMOLOGICAL SUPPLIES AND SPECIMENS

North American and exotic insects of all orders in perfect condition.
Single specimens and collections illustrating mimicry, protective coloration,
dimorphism, collections of representatives of the different orders of insects, etc.

Series of specimens illustrating insect life, color variation, etc.
Metamorphoses of insects.

We manufacture all kinds of insect boxes and cases (Schmitt insect boxes
Lepidoptera boxes, etc.), cabinets, nets, insects pins, forceps, etc..
Riker specimen mounts at reduced prices.

Catalogues and special circulars free on application.

Rare insects bought and sold.

When Writing Please Mention ‘‘Entomological News.”
ockhausen, Printer, 5355 N. 7th Street, Philadelphia.