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GIFT OF

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NATURAL HISTORY

O F

mon 1). d.

PEE US ft RAL ED

With a Hundred and four Copper Plates,
Eneraven from the Life.

Publifhed by the Author ELEAZAR ALBIN,
and carefully colour’d by his Daughter and Himfelf,
from the Originals, drawn from the live Birds.

EGO Mom O i :

Printed for the Author: And Sold by Wint1amInwnvys at the Weft-End of St. Pauls;
Joun Crarke under the Royal-Exchange, Cornhill; and Joun BRINDLEY
at the King’s rms in New Bond-Street, MDCCXXXIV,

br Paki eeesd) SEA Wey: gaits a

My Ridge alla te

slag a cae toe tt
( ‘

(es TO

The Right Worfhipful

Sir ROBERT ABDY Kt.

———SS—S—==—=

Zadae| HE Succefs my former Volume met with
| | from the Credit you gave it by your large
| Contributions and Patronage, would vindi-
cate my Addrefs to You in This, either
— from a Motive of Gratitude to. You, or of
Intereft to itfelf. But this Volume hath no room to com-~
memorate Your Favours to its elder Brother, whilft it
ftands indebted to You in fo great a Sum. Your
Inquiries, Str, in Natural Hiftory have been of great
Advantage to my Defigns in painting and defcribing the
Subject of them; and ’tis to be hoped there isa more pub-
lick one {till to come; that our Gentry, by the Example
of Sir Ropesr Aspy, will not content themfelves with
a Pleafure they enjoy in a lefs degree than their Dogs,
that of purfuing and killing the Game; but that by
their Obfervations upon the Polity, Manners, or extraor-
dinary Qualities belonging to thefe Creatures, they will
exert a Knowledge above that of their Game-Keepers.

’Tis

D ED. ft: CoA. To Oe

Tis certain, brute Animals were placed amongft us for
nobler Ends than juft to kill and eat, and to a Mind
athirft for Knowledge, as all unprejudiced are. An Ac-
quaintance with the Actions, Views, and Defigns of thefe
Creatures muft be an higher Gratification than ever they
can yield in the Field or the Dining-Room; this is a
Truth You have reminded our Gentry of, and offered
them a fair Pattern to copy after. Your Name, Sir,
will ftand firft in the Lift of thofe who fhall think
the Title of a Philofopher, no Abatement to that of a
Gentleman, and for which, the World is obliged to make
You its publick Acknowledgments: ”Tis not in my Power
to make You mine, for the many and great Favours
You have conferred on me, otherwife than by this un-
feigned Profeflion, how much I am,

HonovureEb Sir,

Your moft Obliged,
and moft Devoted

Humble Servant,

Eveazar ALBIN:

ete oD OE ER

=| Have at length acquitted my felf of the Pro»
|| mife I madethe Publick of a Second Volume of
“|| my Natural Hiftory of Birds, and hope twill
Weil find that favourable Reception the former met
===! with among the Curious. I can affure them
Lf have not been wanting in my Care and Application in the
Paintings, all the Drawings having been taken from the
Subjects themfelves, and the Defcréptions agreeable thereto.
Lhe Learned have been long Yenfible how defective De-
feveptions are towards a Natural Hiftory of the Animal and
Vegetable World without Figures, which when in proper
Colour give us a Pleafure, and certainly next to a View of
the Things themfelves. I have in this Work been partt-
cularly induflrious to procure all the Englith Birds I
could by my own, ov the Intereft of my Friends. From the
Time L undertook my Natural Hittory of Infects, I had
an Ambition of making all imaginable Progre{s in painting
the natural Products of this Ifland, and have now an Hif-
tory of an hundred aud eighty different. Spiders in their pro-
ber Colours veady ta be publifbed.

4 ——

a fx)

To the RE AD ER

To fee an umiverfal Natural Hiftory of Great Britain
compleat 15 what exceeds our higheft Expectation; as what
can never be executed, but by the Labour of a great many
Pencils fupported by the Mumpicence of a Prince, with a
Curtofity of feecng bis Cabinets ftored with the Portradts of
the Ammals and Vegetables Nature has placed under his
Dominion: thefe would be attended with a Pleafure peculiar
io themfelves, as they would reprefent Originals fubjifiine to
the lateft Generatzons ; for Nature is fo uniform zn the Struc-
ture of the whole Speczes, that the Picture of an Indzvidual will,
to an human Eye, at leaft ferve for a Repyefentation of any
of the Species (the Sex only excepted.) Befides thefe ave not
liable to the Calamutzes the Originals of the King of France’s
Models of his Towns were, whofe Beings might have been
defiroyed by a Marlborough and vittorious Army , whereas
a Buiterfly and Bird preferve their Species amidft the Ra-
vages of a Kingdom, and thé feebleft Genus of Plants main-
tain their Kind under the Feet of the Grand Signior’s
Horfe. Such a Collection perhaps would not boaft that Pomp
and Gavety a Gallery filled with Rarities felected from the
difiant Kingdoms of the World would do. However, thefe
I mention feem to have a Claim to the Patronage of the Prince
whofe Subjects they are, and to deferve his pecultar Study
and Obfervation.

THE

"*

Dr

H E

Noa M ES

mons C RUBE RS

A

S IR Robert Abdy, Bart.

Sir Anthony Thomas Abdy, Bart.
William Archer, Eq;

Robert Antrobus, 4. MW.

ce

B

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Two Books.

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Serjeant Baines

Mrs. Beflwick

B. Baron, Engraver

John Brotherton, Book/eller

John Brindley, Bookbinder to Her Mayjefty.
Six Books

C
The Right Honourable the Lady Elizabeth Comp-

ton
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D

_ His Grace the Duke of Devonthire

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E

The Right ‘Honourable the Lord Chief Fuftica
Eyres
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F

The Right Honourable the Lord Foley
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G

The Right Honourable the Lady Mary Gore
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H

The Right Honourable the Lady Elizabeth Her-
bert The

The Names of the SUBSCRIBERS,

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I

The Right Honourable the Lady lay
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K
Fhomas Knowlton, Gardiner
L.

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M

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Majefty at the Archimedes in Ludgate-fireet

N

The Right Honourable the Lord Vi/count Nuton
John Nicholas, £/;

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Dr.Cafpar Neuman, Chymi/t to the King of Pruffia

0.

The Right Honourable the Earl of Oxford... Two
Books

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The Right Honourable John Lord Percival

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R

The Lady Ann Rufhout

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S

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ge

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U
Abraham Vandenhoeck and Comp.

W
The Right Honourable the Earl of Wilmington
The Right Honourable James Earl of Walgrave
Watkins Williams Wynn, £/g;,

John Ward, Ef;
John Willcox, Book/eller-

Hh
[7

Hip
fig

(1)
The Golden Eagle. Aquila Fulva, feu Aurea.

Numb. 1.

is Weight was twelve Pounds; its length from the Tip or Point of the Beak to
the End of the Tail, three Foot and nine Inches; the Breadth, when the
Wings extended, were fix Foot; the Bill was four Inches, the hooked part alone
hung down beyond the lower Chap a full Inch; the Point was blacker; the reft
of the Bill of a Horn Colour, inclining to a cinereous or blewifh: The Tongue
was broad, round, and blunt at the Tip, towards the Root on both Sides armed with
two hooked, horned Appendices, tied down in the Middle to the lower Mandible
by a thin Membrane: The Palate perforate in the Middle; the lower Chap of the
Bill channelled; the Edges whereof ftanding up on both Sides are received in the
upper. :

The Membrane which arifing from the Forehead, is extended beyond the Noftrils,
and likewife the Borders of the Bridle or Corners of the Mouth are yellow: The
Feathers of the Neck are rigid and ferrugineous: A certain thick Tunicle, ftretched
forth from below upwards, covered the Eye in Nidtation; this Membrane is called in
Latin Perzophthalmium; two Eye-Lids, one above, the other beneath, covered the Eye,
although the lower alone, extended upwards, was fufficient to cover the whole Eye:
The Region of the Eye-Brows was very eminent, like that prominent Part of the
Roofs of Houfes, called the Eaves, under which the Eyes lay hid, as it were funk in
a deep Cavity ; the Eyes were of a fiery Splendour, fhining forth in a pale Blew; the
~ Pupil was of a deep Black. It is very admirable to obferve what Care Nature hath taken,
and what Provifion fhe hath made for the Confervation of the Eyes, than which,
there is no Part in this Animal more excellent; for not being content with one Tegu-
ment, as is ufual in other Animals, fhe feemeth to have framed four feveral Lids or
Covers for them. The Periophthalmium, or Membrane for Niation is the fame
thing, and affords the fame ufe to them that the Eye-Lids do toa Man. Befides which
Nature hath fuperadded two other Eye-Lids, and of thefe lower fo large, that they
alone fuffice to cover and preferve the Eyes. The Colour of the Wings and Tail is
dusky, and fo much the darker as the Feathers are bigger; the Colour of the reft of
the fmall Feathers of the whole Body is a dark Ferrugineous or Chefnut Colour, mixed
here and there with a yellowifh Caft. The Legs were feathered below the Knees; the
Legs and Feet were yellowifh; the Talons very large and black; he was young and
very tame: I kept him in a Basket-Cage, made on purpofe for him, for fome time,
and fed him with the Guts and Heads of Fowls, the laft of which he was very fond
of, and fometimes a young Cat, which he would feize with his Talons, and with
his Beak break her Skull, killing her immediately, after which he would divert him-
felf with pulling off her Furr for fome time and then eat het.

B The

(2)
The Black Eagle. Aquila Valeria.
Numb. II.

HIS Bird was fomewhat lefs than the common Eagle ;

its Bill of a blewith Horn-Colour; the Sear or Skin

covering the Bafe redifh ; the Irides Hazel-Coloured ; the

Fye-Brows white: The whole Bird was of a dark ferrugi-
neous Colour inclining to black.

The Legs were fhort, and covered with long Feathers,
fcarce half an Inch remaining bare; that and the Feet
covered with hard, dusky, yellow Scales; the Talons long
and black. It is a Bird of great Strength and Valour,
and continually feeking to deftroy Hares, delighting in
their Flefh rather than that of Birds.

This Bird I drew from the Collection of Sir Thomas
Lowther, who was pleafed to let me draw feveral fine
Birds out of the fame Collection. 3

The

i)

Li Gul

L ale

——~ S\
W\\i\ \\)
)y 1

hy]
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Wy)

Ip /f

VB Lragle

miley Acne Oe Ty MR NI WL
7

evel A eee

77 /

/
L fe

B ald

if
Witte
/

TF Villurine Li gle

(3)
The Vulturine Eagle.

Numb. III.

HIS Bird was as large as the common Eagle; the
. Top of the Head and Neck were bald or covered
with a whitifh Down ; the Beak black and ftreight almoft
to the Middle, toward the Point bowed into a remark-
able Hook, as in the common Vulture: The Chin and
Side of the Face round the Eyes covered with a dusky
or ferrugineous coloured Down; the Irides of the Eyes
yellow, the Pupil black: The Breaft and Belly of a pale
Cream Colour, fpotted with oblong dusky Spots: ‘The
Back and covert Feathers of the Wings redifh brown; the
quill Feathers and tail black; the Legsand upper Side of
the Feet lead Colour, the under fide light Brown; the
Talons large, hooked and black. This I had out of the
Collection of Sir Thomas Lowther.

ike

(4)
The Warwovwen, or Indian Vulture.
Numb. IV.

HIS Bird I faw at the George Tavern at Charing-Grofs, with

the Caffowares; it was almoft as big as an Eagle; the top of its

Head and Neck of a Flefh Colour and bare of Feathers; the fides
of the Face, Chin, and Back Part of the Head were of a dark brown
Colour; the Bill long and hooked at the End, of a Red or Saffron Co-
lour, with a broad Stripe of Lead Colour in the Middle round the upper —
and under Mandible; on the Bafe of its Bill grew two broad flat {colloped
Caruncles of an Orange Colour. The Irides of the Eyes white, circled
round with Scarlet; the Ruff was thick fet with foft long downy Fea-
thers of an Ath Colour; the Back and covert Feathers of the Wings were.
of a pale buff Colour, the quill Feathers black; the Craw was of a fleth
Colour, and bare of Feathers hanging down like a Bag on the Breaft:
the Breaft, Belly and Thighs white; the Tail was compofed of twelve
white Feathers tipt almoft half way with black.

The Legs and Feet were of a yellowifh flefh Colour; the Claws black:
its Food was raw Flefh. Thofe who were his Keepers called him the
King of the Yawows, or King of the Vultures. He was brought by a
Dutch Ship from Pallampank in the Ea/t-Indies. 1 believe it to be fome-
what like that Bird which Mr. Willoughby defcribes by the Name of
Uruba, or the Brafl Vulture. Pag. 68. of his Ornithology.

The

y hye Ib, 5
Ee Warwouvenum L Lcvdlore CELLS .

The VWarrvourvrcn ~

Koy

LOL

42 LLA/7

~

The hing lal Lt

Ly gargs

is)
The Ring-Tail. Pygargus.

Numb. V.

HE Male is called the Henharrier, it weighed feventeen Ounces and an half; the length, from the Point
of the Beak to the End of the Tail, was twenty two Inches; its breadth, when the Wings were extended
was three Feet feven Inches; the Mouth an Inch and a half long. From the hind Part of the Head round
the Ears to the Chin, a Ring or Wreath of Feathers ftanding up, having their Middle dusky, and their Edges of
a redifh White, encompafies the Head as it werea Crown; from this Wreath hangs down a naked Skin cover-
ing the Ears; the Back is of a dark ferrugineous Colour; the Edges of the Neck Feathers redifh ; in the Crown
of the Head lefs red ; the Bottoms of the Feathers in the Hind-Part of the Head whitifh ; above and under the
Eyes were white Feathers ; the Belly and Breaft of a reddith Yellow marked with long dusky Spots, tending
downward along the Shafts of the Feathers; the Middle of the ‘Throat of a dusky or dark ferrugineous Colour =
the Edges of the Feathers being red; the Rump hath fome white Feathers with two or three Spots of a dark
redifh Yellow.

The Number of Flag-Feathers in each Wing was twenty-four; the exteriour Webs were of the fame Colour
of the Back, the interiour being variegated with tranfverfe black and wh.te Streaks alternately fituate: In the
exteriour and greater Feathers, the white Strokes are bigger and broader; in the interior and lefler, the black
in the inmoft whole Web is dusky, the white by degrees growing darker and darker, tll at laft it comes to be
wholly brown or dusky ;_ the Tips of the exteriour Feathers in the fecond Row are white, of the interiour, red 3
the reft of them being of the fame Colour with the Back. q

The Tail is ten Inches long, made up of twelve Feathers; the Tips whereof are of a redith yellow; to
which fucceed alternately redifh and black Bars, the black being much the broader ; in the two middie F eathers,
the Red do altogether difappear, the Feathers being wholly black.

The yellow Skin covers the upper Chap, reaching from the Root of the Bill beyond the Noftrils, elfe the
Bill isblack, hooked and prominent; the lower Mandible ftreight, the Mouth wide when gaping ; in the Pa-
late is a Cavity equal to the Tongue; the Tongue broad, flefhy, and undivided, both Tongue and Palate
black; the Angle of the lower Chap, as in other Birds of this Kind, is round; the Border of the Eye-lids round
likewife ; the Eyes yellow. A ;

The Feet were yellow, the Talonsblack; the outmoft Toe, for fome Space from the Divarication, is joined
to the middlemoft by an intervening Membrane; the middle Toe longeft, the inmoft thorteft, but the Claw of
the outmoft leaft: “The Legs are long and very flender, beyond the Proportion of other Hawks; it hatha great
Craw ; {mall, round, tumid, blind Guts; a large Gorge, in which when opened were Feathers and Bones
of Birds; a Gall joined to the Liver; the Eggs were befmeared over with Red, the White here and there ap-
pearing underneath it. i ;

The Male or Tarcel of this kind differs both in Magnitude and Colour 3 the Head, Neck and Back are
of an Ath Colour, like that of a Ring-Dove; the long Feathers growing on the Shoulders are fomewhat
dusky ; the Rump not fo white as in the Female; the Breaft white with tranfverfe dusky Spots; the two mid-
dlemoft Feathers of the Tail cinereous, from the middie to the outmoft, the Colour is more languid and dilute
inclining to white; all but the middle ones marked with tranfverfe blackifh Bars: The exteriour F lag-Feathers
of the Wings are black, the Tips being Afh-coloured, and the Bottoms white, the out fide of the reft is cinereous
only their inner Limbs or Borders white; the covert Feathers of the upper Side of the Wings cinereous, of the
nether Side white; the Shafts of the interiour being black ; the firit Row of the covert Feathers of the infide of
the Wing have tranfyerfe dusky Spots: In all other Refpetts it agrees with the Female, the Difference of the
Sex omitted.

(6)
The Falcon Gentle.

Numb. VI.

T HIS Bird is fomewhat lefs than the Peregrine Falcon: The Crown
of the Head flat and compreffed; the Beak thick of a blewith lead
Colour bending downwards with a fharp Hook; the Eyes large and of
a lovely black; the Irides yellow: The Top and Sides of the Head of a
dusky Brown {potted with black; the Throat and Sides of the Neck of
a dilute Yellow which incompafies it like a Collar; from the Corners of
the Mouth on each fide a black Line was drawn almoft to the Middle
of the Throat or Gullet; the Breaft, Belly and Thighs of a gold Yel-
low, ftained with Marks of Black drawn downwards; the Back, Wings,
and upper Side of the Tail of a dark Brown inclining to black; the
Wings were fharp pointed, and when clofed reached to the End of the
Train.

The Legs and Feet yellow, and covered with Scales; the Thighs long;
the Shanks fhort; the Toes flender; the Talons black and very fharp.

It flies and preys upon Geefe, Ducks, and other Water-Fowl. I was
credibly informed by Sir Michael Newton, that this Bird was the true
Falcon Gentle.

P QU
UT fF Sere. Ve
ay aS = i Ss YE
t ems Ww GIS <>
WZ S24 De Y
7.8 Siew) owe? om
TO ARBONNE RO) SF
Js > Ze S ys \ = > f
Ay Walia A> >
WIA

The

=¥,

Fitlcon gente.

CLs Zk fs gore
Vi Lil Ole CC.

Cae sth tig!

Py

*

+ ise

4
pide

Gy )
The Lanneret.

Numb. VII.

HIS Bird is fomewhat lefs than the Falcon Gentle, and is diftin-
guifhed from other Hawks by thefe marks, his Beak, Legs and Feet
-are blewifh or Lead Colour; his Breaft Feathers parti-coloured of Black
and White, the black Marks not crofling the Feathers, but drawn long
_ ways down the Middle of them contrary to what they are in Falcons

The Eyes are large, the Irides yellow, over each Eye is a white Line
reaching round the Fore-part of the Head; the Top of the Crown, up-
per Side of the Neck, Back, and covert Feathers of the Wings are of a
dusky Brown; the Quill-Feathers black, .the under Side of the Wings
dusky with {mall round whitifh Spots like Pieces of Money, difperfed
through the Superficies.

It hath a thick and fhort Neck; the Legs fhorter than the Reft of
the Falcon Kind.
- Jt feems to be called Lanarius a laniando, i. e. from tearing. It is of a
gentle Nature, of a docile and tractable Difpofition (as Be/lonius writes)
very fit for all Sorts of Game, as well Water-Fowl, asland; for it catches
not only Pies, Quails, Partridges, Crows, Pheafants, &c. but alfo Ducks,
yea and Cranes too, being trained up thereto by human Induftry: They
abide all the Year in France, being feen there as well in Winter, as in
Summer, contrary to the Manner of other rapacious Birds.

Tf)
The Gofhawk. Accipiter Palumbarius.

Numb. | VIII.

T is fomewhat bigger than the common Buzzard:

its Head, Neck, Back, and upper Side of the Wings of
a dark, dusky Brown or Buzzard Colour: The whole
Breaft and Belly white with tranfverfe black Lines ftand-
ing very thick; the Thighs in the Cock are covered
with redifh Feathers having black Lines in the Middle
down the Shaft ; the Legs and Feet are yellow; the Ta-
lons black. iF

The Beak blewifh, the Sear of a yellowifh Green ; the
Wings when clofed fall fhort of the End of the Train,
by which Note alone, and its Bignefs, it is fufficiently di-
{tinguifhed from all other Hawks,

The Train is of a dun Colour, with black Bars ftand-
ing at a good Diftance from each other.

It takes not only Partrédges and Pheafants, but alfo
greater Fowls, as Geefe and Cranes, fometimes alfo it
catches Conies.

The

Tcetputar WE oe

B

Ny

The Giteid 5

a:
*
t

eseragema

Lhe great Horn l hel lock
Ci

(9)
The Great Horn-Owl, or Eagle-Owl. Bubo.
Numb. IX.

A HIS Bird was as big as an Eagle; its Head large, in Shape and
Bignefs refembling a Cat’s; above each Ear, which were large,
ftuck out a Bunch of parti-coloured Feathers about three Inches long re-
prefenting Ears or Horns: The Eyes were large, the Irides of a lovely
golden or faffren Colour; the Pupil of a fhining Black; the Bill thort,
black, and hooked; the Feathers about the Eyes and Face white incir-
cled with Black; the Top of the Head, Back, and upper Side of the
Tail of a dusky ferrugineous Colour variegated with black and yellowifh
Spots; the Breaft, Belly, and Thighs redifh Yellow marked with long
black Spots, crofled with dusky horizontal Lines promifcuoufly here and
there in no Order; the quill and covert Feathers of the Wings were va-
riegated with redifh, brown, black, and light yellow Spots; the under
Side of the Tail more dilute, with fine broad dufky Bars; its Legs and
Feet feathered down to the Claws, which were black, hooked, and very
fharp.

This Bird I was obliged to Sir Thomas Lowther for; the Hen, which
I faw at Sir Hans Sloane's, is more darker all over the Body, Wings, and
‘Tail: They are faid to build upon high and inacceflible Rocks; it preys
not only on Rats, Mice, and {mall Birds, but alfo on Hares and Radb-
oe like the Eagle, no Animal gathering fo much Prey by Night as
this Owl. ;

1 C895,
GO So =

mal

(\ £0) )v
The Horn Owl. Otus five Afio.
Numb. X.

qi: Weight was about ten Ounces; its Length from the Point of the
Bill, to the End of the Tail was fourteen Inches; its Breadth when
the Wings were extended three Feet four Inches; the Bill was black;
from the Point to the Angles of the Mouth, one Inch and half a quar-
ter; the Tongue flefhy and a little divided; the Irides of the Eyes of a
lovely Yellow; the Corners of the Ears large; the Face ic encompafled
with a double Row of Feathers, the exteriour variegated with fmall
white, black, and red Lines; the interiour under the Eyes redifh: The

Feathers which cover the Breaft and Belly are redifh, the middle Part _

black, encompaffed with Red and Yellow, the Bottom of each white,
the Feathers on the Thighs yellowifh, with a Line and tranfverfe Bars of
a dark Brown; the beam Feathers of the Wings are regularly {potted
with White and dark Brown; the Reft of the covert Feathers are parti-
coloured, of a yellowith Brown with dusky Spots; the Edges and Bot-
toms of the Feathers whitifh; the Top of the Head and Back of the
fame Colour with tranfverfe Lines of Black; the Horns were above an
Inch long, of a -yellowifh White with fix indented tranfverfe Lines of
Black; the Eyebrows redifh Brown.

The Tail was made up of twelve Feathers fix Inches long; the exteriour
being fhorteft, and the reft in Order to the middlemoft; fo that when
{pread it was terminated in a circular Circumference, croffed with fix or
feven Bars of black, but narrower than in other Birds of this Kind, the inter-
mediate Spaces above were of an Afh-colour, below of a pale Yellow.

The Legs are feathered down to the Feet, which are of a Light-brown;
the Claws black; that of the middle Toe on the infide thinned into an
Edge; the outermoft of the Fore-Toes may be turned backwards, as in
other Ow/s. It had a large Gall; the Guts were twenty Inches long; the
blind Guts two Inches and a quarter, longer and more tumid than in
other carnivorous Birds; in the Stomach was found Bones and Fur of
Mice. This Bird I faw at Sir Heary Herns, who thot it on Enfield Chafe;
Talfo faw the fame Bird in the ColleGtion of Sir Thomas Lowther, Baronet.
Thefe Birds are found in mountainous and unfrequented Places, not
delighting in the lower and plain Countries. —

Tbe

Pex ae,

he thorn Owt ” oe |
ll © Otis Sve Use

(11 )
The common Barn-Owl, or White-Owl. Aluco minor.

Numb. XI.

‘TS Weight was nine Ounces and an half; Length from the Point of the Beak to
the End of the Tail fifteen Inches ; Breadth, when the Wings were extended, three
Feet; the Bill white, hooked at the End, an Inch long; the Tongue divided at the
Tip; the Noftrils oblong, a Circle or Wreath of white, foft, downy Feathers en-
compaffed with yellow ones, beginning from the Noftrils on each Side, paffed round
the Eyes and under che Chin, fomewhat refembling a Hood, fo that the Eyes were
funk in the middle of thefe Feathers, as it were in the Bottom of a Pit or Valley 5
at the interiour Angle of each Eye, the lower Parts of thefe Feathers were of a tawny
Colour; the Ears were covered with a Valve, which arifes near the Eye and falls
backwards; the interiour Circle we mentioned of white downy Feathers paffed juft
over this Valve, fo that Part of them grow out of it.

The Breaft, Belly, and covert Feathers of the infide of the Wings were white,
marked with a few quadrangular dark Spots: The Head, Neck, and Back, as faras the
prime Feathers of the Wings, varioufly and of all Night-Birds moft elegantly coloured
the Feathers towards the Tips were waved with {mall whitifh and blackifh Lines, re-
fembling a grey Colour; but about the Shafts of each Feather there was as it were a
Bed or Row of black and white Spots, fituate longways, made up in fome of two
white and two black Spots, in fome of three of each Colour, in fome of but one,
or elfe the whole Plumage was of a dilute tawny or orange Colour, which fame
Colour was alfo the Ground in the Wings and Tail.

The Mafter-Feathers in each Wing were in Number twenty four, whereof the
ereater have four tran{verfe blackifh Bars. (In thefe Bars in the exteriour Vane of the
Feather there is alfo a White mingled with the Black, which makes an Appearance
of a grey Spot,] the intermediate Spaces are fulvous, and powder’d with fmall black
Specks; the Tips of thefe Feathers incline more to an Afh-Colour; the Wings when
fhut up extend full as far as the Tail End; in the exteriour Vanes of the firft or
outmoft Feather of each Wing, the Ends of the Pinnule are not contiguous one to
another, but ftand at a diftance like the Teeth of a fine Comb.

The Tail is made up of twelve Feathers, of the fame.Colour with the Wings, hay-
ing four tranfverfe black Bars, four Inches and a half long; the interiour Margins of
- the Feathers both of the Wings and Tail are white.

The Legs are covered with a thick Down to the Feet, but the Toes are only
hairy, the Hairs alfo thin fet; the Claw of the middle Toe is ferrate on the infide as
in the Herons, but not fo manifeftly ; it hath two Toes before and two backwards.

The Guts were eighteen Inches long, the blind Guts but two Inches; it had a large
Gall; its Eggs were white.

1 found this Ow/ ina Field near Waltham-Abby in the dusk of the Evening, fly-
ing up and down, and now and then catching at the Grafs: I defired my Son
who was with meto fhoot him, and when we difleGed him, I found in his Stomach
feyeral of the white Grafs-Moths and other Infedts.

The

(.12))
The Little-Owl. Noctua:
Numb. XII.

J I was about the Bignefs of a Blackbird; it weighed three Ounces; its Length

from the Tip of the Beak to the End of the Tail, was feven Inches and a half;
when the Wings were extended ’twas fourteen Inches: its Bill was like that of other
Owls ; the Tongue a little divided, as in the reft of this Tribe; the Palate below black,
having a wide or gaping Cleft, and below it a round Hole; the Noftrils oblong; the
Ears great; the Eyes leffer than in other Ow/s.

The Wreath or Circle of Feathers encompafling the Face, beyond the. Ears lefs
and lefs difcernable; the upper Part of the body was of a dark Brown, witha Mixture
of red, having tranfverfe white Spots, intermixed with Lines and fimall Specks of
black; the Tail was two Inches long, made up of twelve Feathers exadtly equal,
having fix whitifh tranfverfe Bars.

The Feathers about the Ears were more variegated with black and white; the Chin
and Belly of a yellowifh white; the Breaft marked with long dusky Spots inclofed
with a Border of white.

The Number of Beam-Feathers in each Wing was twenty two, the fir of which
was fhorter by half an Inch than the fecond, third, and fourth, which were of equal
Length, the fifth equal to the firft; then fhortening by degrees to the eleventh,
then increafing in Length to the nineteenth, then decreafing again, the twenty fecond
being the fhorteft of all; both inner and outer Webs were {potted with white Spots.

It was feathered down to the Claws; the Feet were of a dark yellow; the Claws
blackifh : Ir had two Fore-Toes and two back-Toes; the Talons black; the inner Side
of the middle Talon is thinned into an Edge.

It hath a great Gall; the Length of the Guts was ten Inches; of the blind Guts,
one Inch and a quarter.

This Bird was taken on the Coaft of Ufhant by Captain Boreman, it having loft
its Way at Sea, lighting on the Maft of the Ship, was fo tired that it fuffered it felf
to be taken without any Refiftance, and was preferved and brought home by him, and
given to me by his Brother Thomas Boreman, Bookteller on Ludgate- Hill.

The

Noclwet Wlipume . De Melt Onl.

a

e Lik coloured Butcher Btira

(13)
The greater Butcher-Bird. Lanius cinereus major.

Numb. XIII.

le is equal in Bignefs to the common Blackbird; its Weight is three Ounces; its
Leneth from the Bill end to the Tail end is ten Inches and a half; its breadth
when the Wings are extended, fourteen Inches: The Bill from the Tip to the Angles
of the Mouth, an Inch long, black, hooked at the End, and furnifhed with an Angie
or Tooth on each Side, like that of the Keffrel, Sparrow-Hawk, and lefler Birds of
this Kind: The Tongue is flit or forked at the End and rough; in the Palate is a
Fiffure or Cleft, and above the Cleft a hollow Cavity equal to the Tongue; the Nof-
trils are round, about which grow black ftiff Hairs or Briftles; from the Corners of the
Mouth, on each Side through the Eyes, to the hind Part of the Head is drawn a black
Stroak; the Head, Back, and Rump are afh-coloured; the Chin and Belly white.

Tt hath in each Wing eighteen prime Feathers; the Tips of all which excepting the
four outmoft, are white; the fecond and third have alfo their exteriour Edges white ;
moreover, the firft or outmoft Feather begins to be white at the Bottom; all the
reft in Order as far as to the tenth, the white Part increafeth, fo that more than the
half of the tenth Feather is white; from the tenth, in the following Feathers, the white
diminifhes again, yet in their interiour Edges it runs up to the Top; in the laft, that
is thofe next to the Body it fails quite, elfe both the beam Feathers and the firft Row
of covert Feathers are black: The Tail is made up of twelve Feathers, of which the
middlemoft are the longeft, by Meafure four Inches and a quarter; the reft in Order
fhorter to the two outmoft, which are but three Inches and a half, the outmoft Feathers
are all over white, the middlemoft have only their Tips white, the reft of the Feathers
being black; in the intermediate Feathers the black Part gradually diminifheth to the
outmoft; whence (faith A/drovandus) when it flies the white Part of the Tail fhews
like a Crefcent.

The Legs and Feet are black; the outmoft Toe at the Bottom is joined to the
middlemotft.

The Tefticles are round and little, one that was diffe€ted had in the Stomach, Car-
terpillars, Beetles, and Grafhoppers: It will alfo fet upon and kill, not only {mall
Birds, fuch as Finches and Wrens; but alfo Thrufhes, cc. It is a Bird of Paflage,
coming tous in Spring from Germany, France, ¢rc. This Bird I received from my
honoured and good Friend Sir Robert Abdy.

2 The

( 14 )
The leffer Butcher-Bird. Lanius tertius.

Numb. XIV, XV.

FT weighed two Ounces and a half; from the Tip of the Bill to the End of the Tail

‘twas feven Inches and a half long; from the Tip of one Wing to the Tip of the
other when extended ‘twas twelve Inches and a half broad,

The Bill was an Inch long, black and ftrong; the Tip of the upper Chap hooked ;
near the hooked Part furnifhed with two angular Appendices, over hanging the lower
Chap when the Mouth is fhut, it having no Dents or Cavities to receive thefe Ap-
pendices, wherein the Bill of this Bird differs from that of the Hobdy or Keffrel; the
Mouth within yellow; the Cleft of the Palate rough; the Tongue divided into many
Filaments; the Noftrils round, about the Noftrils and Corners of the Mouth grew ftiff
black Hairs or Briftles; the middle of the back, and lefler Rows of Feathers covering
the upper Side of the Wing redifh or ferrugineous; the Head and Rump cinereous ;
from the Corners of the Mouth through the Eyes a black Stroak is produced beyond
the Ears; this black Line is terminated and divided from the Afh-Colour by another
whitifh Line; the lower Belly is white, as is alfo the Throat and Breaft. with a faint

“Tindure of red,

There is in each Wing eighteen beam Feathers ; the firft or outmoft very fhort and
little, the third longeft of all; the Wings fhut much fhorter than the Tail; the
greater Wing Feathers dusky ; the exteriour Vanes of thofe next the Body being red ;
the Edges of the middlemoft white; the Tail is three Inches long, compofed of
twelve Feathers, of which the outmoft is fhorteft; the reft on each Side in Order
longer to the middlemoft, which are the longeft, and almoft wholly black; of the
next to thefe, the Bottoms or lower Parts are white, efpecially the interiour Web;
of the four next on each Side, the lower half is white, as alfo the Tips; of the out-
moft, the exteriour Webs are wholly white.

The Feet are black, the outmoft Toe joined at the bottom to the middlemoft ; the
Tefticles white and round; the Gall large ; the Guts eleven Inches long; the blind
Gut fhort and little; in the Stomach, when diffe&ed, was found Flies and Beetles.
They build their Neft of Grafs, Bents, and Feathers, in which they lay five or fix Eggs,
pretty large and of an oblong Shape, almoft wholly white, except toward the blunter
End; they are encompafied witha Circle of dark red, as it were a Coronet. This
Bird was a Cock.

The hen is a very fmall matter lefs than the Cock; the Bill of a dusky cinereous
Colour with a Dafh of red; the Top of the Head, Back, and prime Feathers of the
Wings, of a dark redifh brown; the leffer Rows of covert Feathers are inclining to
red ; the Throat and Breaft of a dusky white with fome circular tranfverfe Lines of a
dusky Colour, after the manner of the Wryneck; the Belly and the Thighs are white ;
the Legs and Feet of a pale redifh brown: The Tail of the fame Colour of the Back,
the under Part white.

The

ww“
~

L anius lerteitd. | Lhe lfier butcher-B rd,

\

max
i)

Lanwyalerttus

The tefrerB uteher bird Hen,

Es

it

JZ

we

LO

=

SSS
Soe

Lhe red head d baldber bird

a

(15)
The red headed Butcher-Bird.

Numb. XVI.

“HIS Bird was of the fame Bignefs of the afh-co-
loured Butcher-Bird; the Top of the Head, and
‘upper Part of the Neck was ofa pale red, or ruffet ; the fore
Part of the Head, round the Eyes and Sides of the Neck,
of a dusky brown, as was alfo the Back, Wings, and
Tail, except a long white Mark on each Shoulder, and
a large Spot of white on the firft Row of covert Feathers
of the Wings: The Bill for the Shape and Make like
the others of this Kind, the Colour black; the Noftrils
{mall and round, a white line encompafling the upper
Mandible at the Bafe.

The Irides of the Eyes of a dirty white; the Throat,
Breaft, and Belly white; the Thighs of a light brownifh
afh Colour. | |

The Legs and Feet dusky ; the Claws black ; this Bird
1 had out of the Collection of Sir Thomas Lowther. |

Mr. Willoughby defcribes one killed near the River
Rhine in Germany, whofe Head was of a lovely red; a Line
or white Space of the Figure of a Parabola, encompafled
the Tail ; the interiour Space or Area therein contained,
being black: The eleven exteriour Quills were white

from the Bottoms almoft to the middle; the Feet and
Claws black.

Lhe

( 165)
The. Maccaw from Jamaica. ©
Numb. XVII

~y" HIS Bird is the largeft of all the Parrot Kind; from

the Tip of its Bill to the End of the Tail thirty
Inches; its Bill was large and Semicircular, of an Ath-
Colour, tipt with black; the Irides of the Eyes yellow;
the Skin about the Eyes bare of Feathers, and rough or
rugged ; the whole Head, Breaft, and Belly of a’moft
beautiful fcarlet Colour, as was alfo the under Side of
the Tail; its upper Side blew; the Wings were party
coloured, of blew and fcarlet, with fome Mixture of green
in the blew Feathers on the upper Part of the Wing;
the Legs dark Afh-Colour, with a Mixture of brown: -
This Bird is the Male, the Female being blew and yel-
low: They are commonly brought from ‘famaica, and ohter
Parts of the Wefl-Indies, and bear a good Price, being
commonly fold for ten Guineas.

Dbe

WP toy,

x LP ats Pere a wily ee een
; CO MAMI OCSS, AL AEE FP OTP AL OPCML -
d

Vhe Bracelet

Larrakeee fPOME: asb-Jnilet :

(17)
The Bracelet Paroqueet from Eatk-India.

Numb. XVIII

THIS Bird is about three times as big as the fmall
Green Paroqueet; the Top of the Head was of a
blueith green; the Cheeks were more dilute; the Bull thick
and hooked; the upper Mandible orange colour, the
lower black; the Irides of the Eyes of a lovely yellow,
incircled with a dusky brown: It had a broad black
line reaching from the lower Chap of the Bill towards
the back Part of the Neck inclining downwards, and was
met by a purple Line which encompafles the back Part of
the Head; the Breaft is ofa pale rofe Colour: The Back,
Wings, lower Part of the Belly and Thighs are of a yel-
lowifh green Colour; the Tail is about eight Inches long,
of the fame Colour of the Back and Wings; the mid-
dle Feathers being the longeft, and ending in a Point
the Legs and Feet are of an afh-colour; the Claws black.
IT faw this Bird at Mr. Bland’s at the Tiger on Tower-
Fill, amongft other curious Birds which were brought
from the Haft-Indies; it {poke very articulately feveral
Words in the Portuguefe and Englifh Tongue.

in The

( 18 )
The Crown Bird from Mexico:
Numb. XIX.

ol HIS Bird was of the Bignefs of the Miffel-Bird;
its Bill of a tawny flefh Colour, thick and ‘fhort
after the Manner of the Grosbeaks ; the Irides of the-Eyes _
of the fame Colour of the Bill, encompafled with a Ring

of fcarlet, above that a Line of black encompafling the
fore Part and upper half of the Eye, then white, the
white reaching from the Bill, beyond the Eye on the
under Side, and about half way on the upper Side; it
had a large Creft of green Feathers, which it could fet
up or lay down at Pleafure; the Head, Neck, Back,
Breaft, and Part of the Belly green; the lower Part of
the Belly and Thighs of a dusky brown Colour; the
firft four quill Feathers of the Wings fcarlet, the fourth
having fine long white Marks m the exteriour Web;
the reft of the quill feathers purple, as was alfo the Tail;
the covert and fcapular Feathers of the Wings purple,
with a Mixture of green; the Legs and Feet of a blue-
ih lead Colour: This Bird I drew at Mr.’ Bland’s on
Tower-Hill, who called it the Crows Bird from Mexico.

(4
rCUR5).
Gye at
Cane
eDCe,,
Boa
? & ie) \

The

ix
S

——__—_——

DVL youn Bud from hex tio.

eee

i
At
}

{ OV UTES

(19)
The Raven. Corvus.

Numb. XX.

T weighed two Pounds and two Ounces; its Length from the Tip of the Bill to

the End of the Tail, was two Foot and one Inch; its Breadth, when the Wings
were extended, was four Foot and one Incn; the Bill long, thick, fharp, and very
black; the upper Chap fomething hooked, the lower freight; the Tongue broad,
cleft at the Tip, rough and black underneath ; the Iris confifts of a double Circle;
the exteriour being of a light cinereous or afh-colour; the interiour of a dark ci-
-nereous; black Hairs or-Briftles bending from the Head downwards cover the Nof-
trils; the Plumage is black all over the Body, having a blue Splendour or Glofs in
the Tail and Wings, the Belly is fomething paler inclining to brown; on the mid-
dle of the Back grow only downy Feathers; for the Back is covered with thofe
long Feathers that {pring from the Shoulders, as in many other Birds: The Number
of prime Feathers in each Wing is twenty, of which the firft is fhorter than the {e-
cond, the fecond than the third, and that than the fourth, which is the longeft of
all ; in all from the fixth tothe eighteenth the Shaft extends further than the Vans,
and ends in a fharp Point; thefe are of fingular Ufe in Harpficords and Spinets.

The Tail is about nine Inches long, made up of twelve Feathers ; the exteriour be-
ing gradually fomewhat fhorter than the interiour

It hath large crooked Claws, efpecially thofe of the back Toes; the outmoft fore
Toe is joined to the middlemoft from the Divarication to the firft Joint.

The Liver is divided into two Lobes; it hath a large Gall flicking to the Guts ;
the Length of the Guts is forty three Inches; of the blind Guts one Inch.

The Gullet below the Bill is dilated into a Bag, wherein fhe brings meat to her
Young; the Stomach within is wrinkled. The Raven feeds not only on Fruits and
Infe&s, but upon the Carcafles of Beafts, Birds, and Fifhes; and alfo will fet upon
living Birds killing and devouring them.

Ravens ace found not only in one Part or Region of the World, but abound in
all Countries; do eafily endure ail Changes of Weather, fearing neither Heat nor
Cold, enduring well to abide and live wherever there is plenty of Meat for them.

They build in high Trees, or old Towers in the beginning of March with us in Eng-
land, and fometimes fooner: they lay four or five Eggs and fometimes fix, before
they begin to fit ; their Eggs are of a pale greenifh blue, full of black Spots and
Lines. :

The

((20%)°

The common or carrion-Crow. Cornix.

—

Numb. XXI.

TS Weight was one Pound five Ounces; Length ftom the Tip of the Bill to the

End of the Tail was nineteen Inches; its Breadth, when the Wings were ex-
tended, three Foot four Inches; the Bill ftrong, thick, ftreight; from the Tip to the
Angles of the’ Mouth, two Inches and almoft an half long; the lower Mandible be-
ing fomewhat fhorter; the Tongue cleft, and as it were jagged or torn; the Eyes
large having the Irides of a hazel Colcur; the Noftrils round, covered with black
Briftles refleed ‘towards the End of the Bill ; the Plumage of the whole Body is
black; the beam Feathers in each Wing are in Number twenty; whereof the firft is
Shorter than the fecond, the fecond than the third, that than the foi urth, which is
the longeft of all, being by Meafure ten Inches and three quarters; the inner of
thefe Feathers end in fharp Points.

The Tail. was feven Inches and a half long, compofed of twelve Feathers of equal
Length; the Legs. and»Feet black ; the Claws black and firong; the outmoft fore Toe
is joined to the middle one, from the bottom as far as the firft Joint.

The Liver is divided into two Lobes, of which the right is the biggeft: It hath
a large Gall, - which empties it felf by a double Channel into the Guts; the Muf-
cles of the Stomach are but fmall; che Guts have many Revolutions ; the blind
Gut no more than half'an Inch long.

This Bird. delights to feed upon Carrion, that is the Carcafles of dead Animals
when they begin to putrify, neither doth it feed only upon Carrion, but alfo fet upon,
kill, and devour living Birds, in like manner as the Raven; it alfo eats Grain and
all forts of Infe@s in England at leaft, for beyond Seas, they fay, it meddles with,
no Kind of Grain.

They build on high Trees, and lay four or five Eggs at a Time. They are noi-
fome to Lambs new yeaned if they be weak and feeble, firft picking out their Eyes;
they are faid to have a very fagacious Scent, which makes them difficult to be fhot,
they fmelling the Gunpowder at a great Diftance.

The Liver and Heart of the Crow is a moft excellent remedy for the Falling
Sicknefs, being dryed and given in Powder to the Quantity of a Scruple, with black
cherry Water, fweetned with Syrup of Pionics, at the Full and New Moon, three
Days before and three Days after; I was credibly informed by the Lady Trevor,
of the Cure of a Gentlewoman in my Lord’s Family, which had the falling SicknefS
fome Years, and was cured with this Remedy.

The

COTTUXL UGra The Crow

hy
i}

1

Cornet

/

a

[TUGllly
7 uv

x

Ld

(az)
The Rook. Cornix frugilego.
Numb. XXII.

TS Weight was one Pound and three Ounces; Length from the Tip of the Bill

to the End of the Tail was twenty Inches; the Diftance between the Wings
when extended thirty eight Inches; it hath no Craw, but inftead thereof the
Gullet below the Bill is dilated into a kind of Bag, wherein it brings Meat to feed its
Young.

In the old ones of this Sort the Feathers about the Root of the Bill as far as the
Eyes are worn off, by often thrufting the Bill into the Ground, to fetch out Wo ms
and other Infeéts ; fo that the Flefh thereabouts is bare, and appears of a whitifh Co-
lour, by which Note it is to be diftinguifhed from the common Crow.

It differs alfo from the Crows, fecondly, in that it is fomewhat bigger: thirdly,
in the purple Splendour or Glofs of its Feathers. Fourthly, In that it is gregarious,
both flying and breeding in Companies.

The Number of beam Feathers in each Wing is twenty, of which the fourth is
the longeft, being by Meafure ten Inches and a quarter; the Shafts of the middle
Wing-Feathers end in Briftles or Spines; the Tail is {even Inches and a half long,
made up of twelve Feathers; the exteriour whereof are a little fhorter than the mid-
dle ones.

The Bill, from the Tip to the Angles of the Mouth, is two Inches and a half
long; the Noftrils round ; the Tongue black, horny, and cloven at the End; the
hind Toe hath a large ftrong Claw; the outmoft fore Toe is joined to the middle-
moft, as in the Crow.

It hath a large Gall; fhort blind Guts like the Crow of about half an Inch long ;
the Stomach is great and mufculous, as in granivorous Birds; the Guts wide and va-
rioufly reflected. They are moft greedy of Corn; yet feed alfo on Earth-Worms,
and other Infects, refraining from Garbage and Carrion: They build many together
upon high Trees about Gentlemen’s Houfes, who are much delighted with the Noife
they make in breeding Time: Both Cock and Hen fit by turns; their Eggs are like
the Crows, but leffer, {potted with greater Spots, efpecially about the blunt End.

When the Rooks build, one of the Pair fits always by to watch the Neft till it is fi-
nifhed, whilft the other goes about to fetch Materials, elfe if both goand leave the Neft
unfinifhed (as fometimes they venture to do) their Fellow-Rooks, ‘ere they return
again, will have robbed and carried to their feveral Nefts all their Sticks, and what-
ever elfe they had got together. Hence perhaps, the Word Rooking, with us, is
ufed for cheating or abufing.

_Thefe Birds are noifome to the Corn and Grain, fo that the Husbandmen are forced
to employ Children with Hooting, Crackers, and Rattles of Metal, and finally with
throwing of Stones to fcare them away; fuch as have no Servants or Children to
{pare for fuch a Purpofe, make ufe of other Devices; cither of Mills made with Sails
to be turned with the Wind, making a continual Snapping as they turn, where-
with they fright the Birds, or by placing Scare-Crows in the Fields drefled in
country Habits, ia ta ae

G The

( 22 ) ke
The Royfton Crow. Cornix Cinerea.

Numb. XXIII

| ke S Weight twenty two Ounces; its Length from the Point of the Bil
to the End of the Tail, was twenty two Inches; Breadth when the
Wings were extended three Foot and three Inches.

The Bill from the Point to the Angles of the Mouth two Inches and
a half, ftrong, {mooth, black, but having a whitifh Tip; the upper
Chap fomewhat longer than the lower, and a little bowed or crooked ;
the Noftrils round covered with briftly Hairs; the Tongue broad, black,
and a little cloven, and rough on the Sides ; the Irides of the Eyes of
a cinereous hazel Colour.

The Head, Wings, and Throat as far as the Breaft-Bone black, with
acertain blue Glofs; the breaft, Belly, Back, and Neck cinereous or
grey, the Shafts of the Feathers being blackifh; the Feathers on the
Throat where the black and cinereous meet have their exteriour Sides
cinereous, and their interiour black; the Back is fomewhat of a darker
Afh-Colour than the Belly.

It hath in each Wing, twenty Mafter-Feathers, of which the firft is
the fhorteft, the third, fourth, and fifth equal; from the fixth the
Shafts being produced above the Feathers end in fharp Points; the Tail
confifts of twelve Feathers, the exteriour whereof were gradually fome-
thing fhorter than the interiour to the middlemoft, which were feven
Inches and a half long.

The back Toe and Claw are large; the exteriour and interiour fore
Toes equal; and their Claws reach as far as the Root of the Claw of
the middle Toe, the outmoft and middle Toe are joined at the Bottom
as in the Crow.

The Liver is divided into Lobes; the Stomach or Gizzard large, and
in it when difleéted full of Wheat, Barley, and other Grain: ‘They are
infefted with Lice and Ticks.

In the Summer time (faith Adrovandus) it lives on high Mountains,
where it alfo breeds, in the Winter, compelled as is likely by the Cold, it
defcends into the Plains, on the Heaths about Wewmarket, Roy/fron, and
elfewhere in Cambridgefbire it is frequently feen in Winter Time: I
have likewife feen many of them about Hackwey near London pe

4 é

ee ee eo

Corn LEE, (ALES ER

24

COTOACLAAI

(23 )
The Cornith Choygh. Coracias few Pyrrhocorax.
Numb. XXIV.

jie weighed thirteen Ounces; the Length from the Point of the Bill
to the End of the Tail feventeen Inches, the Breadth, when the
Wings were extended, was thirty three Inches and a half.

It is like the Fack-Daw but fomewhat bigger; The Bill is long, red,
fharp, and a little bowed or crooked; the upper Mandible being fome-
thing longer than the lower; The Noftrils round; the Tongue broad,
thin, and a little cloven, fhorter than the Bill; the Sides of the Fiffures
of the Palate, and Wind Pipe, and of the Root of the Tongue, are
rough, and as it were hairy; Feathers reflected downwards cover the
Noftrils ; the Feet and Legs are like thofe of the ack-Daws, but of a
red Colour; The Plumage of the whole Body is all over black.

The Number of prime Feathers in each Wing is twenty, of which
the firft is fhorter than the fecond, that than the third, the third
than the fourth, which is the longeft of all, being by Meafure ten
Inches and a half; the Wings complicated extend as far as the Tail;
the Tail Feathers are in Number twelve, all equal, or if any Difference
be, the middle a little the longer, as in the reft of this Kind, being by
Meafure five Inches and a quarter. 7

The Liver was divided into two Lobes, of which the left was the
lefs; the Spleen long, foft, and round; the Stomach flefhy, and full
of Infects. nh ange

It frequents Rocks; old Caftles, and Churches. by the Sea-Side, it is
found not only in Cornwal, but alfo in Wales, and all along the Weftern-
Coafts of England, about the Clifis and Rocks near the Sea: Its Voice
is like that of the common Fack-Daw, but more hoarfe.

It is of great Ufe in Gardens, for to deftroy the Infeéts, Worms, &c.

The

( 24)
Toe Brafilian Pie. ‘Toucan.
Numb. XXV.

HIS Bird is little bigger than the common Magpie, the Head, Neck, and upper

Part of the Back towards the Neck are black; the reft of the Back and Wings
fhew fomething of a cinereous whitenefs ; The Breaft fhines with a moft bright and
lovely gold or faffron Colour with a certain rednefs near the Beginning; the Belly
and Thighs of a moft beautiful vermilion or fcarlet Colour: The red Colour reaches
almoft half way of the Tail, and is intercepted by a broad Bar of black, and ending
in a beautiful red; the Legs, Feet, and Claws, are black.

Its Bill is very large, confidering the Bignefs of the Bird: Its Length was fix Inches ;
Breadth at the upper part towards the Head two Inches and a quarter; the Circumference
at the fame Place five Inces and a half; the upper Chap is large and fomewhat hooked
with a Cavity exadly fitting the under Chap, both cerate or toothed, and of a thin
bony Subftance, anda covering over that of a horny like Scale, both very thin and
light, weighing but eight Drams; It was of a yellowifh Colour clouded with a darkifh
green :: towards the End or Point redifh; its Noftrils were fituate juft above the horny
Subftance of the Bill, adjoining to the Head, which is large and thick, as is fuitable
and requifite to fuftain a Bill of that Length and Bignefs: They are faid to build
their Nefts in Holes they make in the Trees where they fecure their Young ones
from the Monkeys, after this manner; when fhe perceives the Approach of thofe
Enemies, fhe fo fettles herfelf in her Neft as to put her Bill out at the Hole, and
vives the Monkies {uch an unwelcome Reception, that they prefently withdraw and
glad they efcape fo: From this Quality of making Holes in Trees, this Bird is called
by the Spaniard, Carpentero, and by the Brafilians, Tacataca, in Imitation, I fuppofe,
of the Sound it makes.

It feeds upon almoft all the fame Things which Parrots do, but was moft greedy of
Grapes, which being pluckt off one by one, and toffed to it, it would moft dextroufly
catch in the Air before they fell to the Ground; the Flefh of the whole Body was
of a deep violet Colour.

This Bird I faw in the ColleGtion of Thomas Walker, Apothecary, in Crooked-
Lane, London. 1 likewife have one of the Bills now by me while I writ this De-
{cription, # j

The

A

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—,

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( 25 ) |
The Bohemian “fay or Chatterer. Garrulus Bohemicus,
| Numb. XXVI.

“HIS Bird is as big as a Blackbird; from the Point of the Bill
to the End of the Tail nine Inches; Breadth, when the Wings
were extended, eighteen Inches; the Bill is of a greenifh cinereous Co-
lour, blackifh near the Bafe; the Eyes are of a beautiful red Colour en-
compafied with black; its Head is fomewhat compreffed, of a chefnut
or ferrugineous Colour, adorned with a Creft or Tuft bending backward,
of the fame Colour, the Top more dilute; the Neck is fhort and black
on the fore Part, with a Border of white proceeding from the Bill;
the upper Part of the Neck, Back, and covert Feathers of the Wings of
an amber Colour; the Breaft, Belly, and Thighs more dilute; the
quill Feathers of the Wings are of a dark afh, inclining to black, the
half of whieh have their Tips yellow; the upper ones are white, their
Appendices being like to little Drops of red Sealing-Wax; the {mall pi-
nion quill Feathers are tipt with white, which make a large white Spot
on the outer Part of the Wing. :

The Tail is compofed of twelve blackifh Feathers with yellow Tips;
the Legs are of a dark brown in fome, of a blueifh black.

This Bird is faid to be peculiar to Bohemia: It feeds on Fruit, efpe-
cially Grapes, which it feems very greedy of. It is of a very hot Tempera-
ment, and exceedingly voracious; flies in Companies and is eafily tamed.
This Bird I drew from the natural Bird preferved by Mr. Fofeph Dan-
dridge.

£8

( 26 )
The black Woodpecker:

Numb. XXVII.

HIS Bird weighed ten Ounces and a half, being in Length, from the Tip of
the Bill to the End of the Tail eighteen Inches and a half; Breadth between the
Tips. of the Wings extended twenty nine Inches and a half.

Its Bill from the Point to the Angles of the Mouth was two Inches and a half
fong, ftrong, hard, triangular, as in the reft of this Kind, being parti-coloured black
and white; the Tongue, when extended, is of a very great Length, which it can fhoot
out and draw back at pleafure, which is common to all the Woodpeckers; its Nofirils

are round covered with refle@ted Hairs; Its Head large; the Irides of the Eyes of a:

pale yellow.

The Colour of the whole Body is black excepting the Crown of the Head, which
down to the Noftrils is of a lovely red or vermilion Colour.

The Number of flag Feathers in each Wing is nineteen, of which the fifth and
fixth are the longeft; the farcel or pinion Feather is very fhort,-and not greater than
thofe of the fecond Row.

The Tail.is made up of ten Feathers, of which the outmoft are fhorteft, the ref
on both fides gradually longer to the two middlemoft, which are the longeft of all;
the Ends of thefe Feathers are ftiff, fharp pointed bending inward, about feyen Inches
long, upon which in climbling Trees they lean and fupport their Bodies.

The Legs are feathered on their fore Part almoft dewn to their Feet, behind ne

further than the Knees; the Feet are of a lead Colour; the Claws ftrong and large,

except that of the leffer back Toe.
Fhe Gall of a dark green; the Tefticles yellowifh; the Guts feventeen Inches
long, great and lax; the Stomach alfo lax and membranous, full of Hexapods and

Ants. It wants the Appendices, or blind Guts as the reft of this Tribe, This Bird.

I faw in the ColleGion of Sir Thomas Lowther.

Lhe

i tre a

a

Lteus maclimius 7uger

The great black Woodpecker

—

The thet?

(27)
The Nuthatch. Sitta feu Prcus cinerus.
Numb. XXVIII.

TS Weight was one Ounce; its Length, from the Tip of the Bill to the End of

the Tail, was five Inches and three quarters, to the End of the Toes fix Inches; the
Bill was ftreight, triangular, black above, underneath towards the Throat: white, al--
moft an Inch ‘long, meafuring from the Tip to the Angles of the Mouth; the Tongue:
broad, not longer than the Mouth, horny at the End and jageeds the Noftrils round:
and covered with {mall Bridles; the Head, Neck, and Back of an: Afh-colour; the
Sides under the Wings red; the Throat and Breaft of a pale chefnut red; the lower-
Belly under the ‘Fail hath fome red Feathers with white Tips, from the Bill through.
the Eyes to the Neck is extended a black Stroak; the Chin is white.

The Number of flag Feathers is nineteen, of which the firft is very fhort and little ;-
the intericur, or thofe next the Body, have their Webs cinereous; the exteriour dusky ;:
the Shafts of all are-black: The Wings underneath are marked with a: double. Spot,
the ene white at the Roots of the exteriour Quills, the other black and larger_beginning -
at the Infertion of the baftard Wing.

Fhe Tail is fhort, {carce two ‘Inches, made up of twelve Feathers, all of equal:
Length, not fharp pointed, nor ftiffas in the Woodpeckers, but flexil and limber; tive
two crasilleniont cinereous, the two next to them black with cinereous Tips; the two-
fucceeding have the ae of their Tips white, the outfide cinereous; the outmoft hay
their Tips of a dark Afh-colour,. and under that a tranfverfe white Spot,. the reft of he
Feathers being black.

The Legs are fhort; both Legs and Feet, of a dark flefh~ Colour ; ‘Tt hath but one.’
back Toe equal to the middle Of the fore Toes; the Claws are great and crooked, and-
of a dusky Colour, that of the back Toe the biggeft, the outmoft fore. Toe the leafs :
both outinoft and inmoft joined to the middle Toe at: the Bottom.

Ir had a-mufculous Stomach or Gizzard, in which were Beetles aud other Infects ; ;
the Length of the Guts was fix Inches.and a half; the blind Guts fhort.

It builds in-Holes of Trees, and if the Entrance be too big, it doth artificially. ftop»
up part of it with Clay, leaving a {mall Hole for it felf to pals in‘and out by. It-
feeds not only on Infeéts, but alfo on Nut-Kernels: it is a pretty Spectacle to-
fee her fetch a Nut out of her Hoard, place it faft ina Chink, and then ftanding—
above it, with her Head downwards, ftriking it with all its Force, breaks the. Shell.
and catches up the Kernell..

—"

| ( 28)
The Mofcovian black Game-Cock and Hen,
Numb. XXIX, XXX.

T HIS Bird is as big asa Turkey; the Cock from the Point of the
#- Bill to the End of the Tail was thirty two Inches long; the Hen
but twenty fix; Breadth, when the Wings were expanded, forty fix

Inches, the Hen no more than forty one. When it was pluckt and

gutted it weighed ten Pounds: its Bill was yellow and like the reft of
this Kind, an Inch and a half long, from the Tip to the Angles of
the Mouth; its Sides fharp and ftrong; its Tongue fharp and not
cloven; in the Palate is a Cavity imprefied equal to the Tongue; the
Trides of the Eyes of a hazel Colour; above the Eyes is a naked Skin
of a {carlet Colour in the Place of Eye-Brows: the Legs on the fore Part
are feathered down to the Foot or Rife of the Toes, but bare behind;
the Toes are joined together by a Membrane as far as the firft Joint,
they having a Border of Skin all along ftanding out a little and ferrate;
the Head and Neck black and grizzled with {mall Specks of white;
the Breaft dark green, {potted and fpeckled with black and white; the
Wing brown, the Back a dusky brown; the Tail Black ; the lower
Part of the Belly and Thighs dusky, mottled with white: The whole
Bird is {potted and fpeckled with black and white. |

The Hen is of a yellowifh brown and white, finely marked with black
Feathers having white Tips. Both the Cock and Hen have a large white
Spot on the fcapular Part of the Wing. Thefe Birds differ in their Colours
very much, either by Age, Place, or other Accidents. They are found
in the mountainous Parts of Mu/covy, the Alps, and other Places.

Tha

os

PANINI
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32

Sipe Cara For’ LTen

( 29 )
The Carafow Cock and Hen,
Numb. XXXI, [XXXII

Ts Bird is almoft as big as a Turkey; its Bill thick and hooked at the
End, partly cinereous and partly yellow; on the Bafe of the upper
Mandible is a round hard Excrefcence of the Bignefs of a Nutmeg, of a
yellow Colour; the Eyes black, the frides crimfon with a Border of white ;
the Head and Neck covered with Feathers of a deep black like Velvet;
on its Head was a Greft of curled black Feathers with white Tips turn-
ing up fpirally as far as the Beginning of the Neck, which they can
erect or let fall at Pleafure, All the reft of the Bird is Black, excepting
the lower Part of the Belly about the Vent, which is white, with a Mark
of the fame Colour acrofs the Thigh; the Legs and Feet are of a pale
ferrugineous Colour.

The Head and Neck of the Hen were black; the Tips of fome of
the Neck-Feathers white with a broad Stripe of white acrofs the middle
of the Creft; the Bill was cinereous; the Excrefcence on the Bafe yellow.

The Breaft and lower Part of the Neck, Back, and Wings were of
a dusky brown, the middle of the Belly white; the Tips of fome of
the Feathers black; the-Thighs and Parts about the Vent of a pale yel-
lowifh brown; the Tail black, with four Bars of white at equal Di-
ftances acrofs it; the Legs and Feet cinereous.

I took the Pourtray of this Bird at Mr. Berrisford’s at Chemlsford in
Effex: it was very tame and fociable, eating and drinking with any
Company.

The Cock I had of a Man from the We/f-Indies. They are generally
brought trom Cara/ow, from whence they take their Name. ‘They are

called by the Indians, Tecuecholi Mountain-Bird, or American Pheafant.

x

iC 93))
The white crefted Turkey.. Gallopavo Creftatus.

Numb. XXXII.

HIS Bird I faw in the Pofleflion of Henry Cornelly-

Jon, fg; beyond Chemlsford in Effex: It was of the
Bignefs of the common Turkes, having a beautiful large
white Copple on its Crown or Top of the Head; the
Hefhy Part of the Head and Neck was red intermixed.
with purple and blue as in other Turkies. - :

The Back and upper Sides of the Wings were of a
dusky yellowish brown; the Breaft, Belly, Thighs, and
under Sides of the Wings white; the Feathers on the
lower Part of the Belly and Thighs were edged with

black; the Tail white, the extreme Feathers of which were
{colloped near the Ends with black; the next circular’

Row fcolloped with a dusky yellow; the Legs flefh Co-

lour having only the Rudiments of Spurs; the Claws.

dusky. The Cock may eafily be diftinguifhed from the
Hen, by a bufhy Tufte like Horfe-hair, growing on the
lower Part of his Breaft: They have a ftrange Antipathy
again{t red Colours, and are exceedingly provoked at the
Sight of them.

The wild Turkies are now kept bya great many of our
Englifh Gentlemen, and feem to do very well where there
are {mall Woods, and Copfes, in Parks or other enclofed:
Places for them. :

4. The

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(31)
The Hen of the black Game. Grygallus mincr.

Numb. XXXIV.

TS Weight was forty feven Ounces; Length from
the Tip SE the Bill to the End of the Tur twenty
three Inches; Breadth, when the Wings. were expanded,
thirty four Inches: ie is the Colour of a Woodcock, but

darker, of a redifh brown, intermixed with Bein tee

Lines GE black; the Chin yellowith white ; the Breaft and

Belly had a Mixture of yellow, brown, and black tranf.
verfe Lines, which made it appear hea y and higher:

' coloured ak the upper Side. It had a large whith

Spot on the fcapular Part of the Wings, in each oe which:
were twenty fix beam Feathers; the eetioue Webs of a.
yellowifh white, as was alfo the exteriour Webs of the:
firft Row of Coverts ; the under Side of the Wings white.
The Tail confifts of fixteen Feathers, the utmofe
fomewhat longer than the reft, but not fo much reflect--
ed as thofe in the Cock, and is of the fame Colour of
thofe of the Body. See Plate the twenty fecond, Vol. I,
This Bird I had from Sir Robert Abdy,

4

(32)
The Guiny Hen. Gallina Africana.
Numb. XXXY.

ip ae Weight was two Pound; Length from the Point of the Bill to

the End of the Tail two Foot; Breadth, when the Wings were ex-
panded, thirty two Inches. It is for Bignefs equal to the common Hem, but
its Neck longer and flenderer: they are commonly of a dark Afh-co-

Jour inclining to a black, all over chequered with white Spots; this -

Bird was a Hen; ,the Breaft white, {potted with large Spots of black
chequered with white: its Billred, towards the Point of a horn Colour;
the Top of the Head of a dusky Colour, on which grew a horny Sub-
ftance of the fame Colour; the Pupil of the Eye black, the Irides
white; round the Eye on each Side of the Head was of a flefh Colour
intermixed witha pale blue; the back Part of the Head of a dilute redifh
brown, on which grew black Briftles ftanding upright; the Bottom of the
Head on both Sides all along is taken up by a Kind of a callous Fleth of
a fanguine Colour, which, that it might not hang down like Gills or
Wattles, Nature hath taken care to turn backward and fold up, fo that it
ends in two acute Procefles; from this Flefh arife up on both Sides certain
Caruncles, wherewith the Noftrils are invefted round, and the Head in
the fore Part feparated from the Bill, of the lower Edges are lightly re-
fleGed back under both Noftrils; what is between the Crown and this
Flefh on the right and left Side, is marked with a double fealy Incifure,
but behind with none.

The Colour under the Jaws or Throat isa dark purple; the Neck more
dilute, and fprinkled with {mall white Specks. The Number of quill
Feathers was twenty three, the firft four of which were white, as were
alfo four of the firft Row of covert Feathers; all the whole Bird, ex-
cepting the Breaft, was of a dusky black, chequered with white Spots:
the Legs were of a redifh fiefhColour, in fome dusky; the middle Claw
in thefe Birds is longer than in the common Alex; this which I drew
being two Inches and a quarter long. The beft way to raife them 1s,
by fitting their Eros under the common Hew. The Right Honourable the
Lord Burlington was pleafed to fend me this Bird from his Seat at
Chifwick.

4 The

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( 33)
The Pied Fieldfare.
Numb. XXXVI.

HE Head and Neck of this Bird was white; fpot«

ed in fome Places with black, in others with lead
Colour. It had a dark yellow Spot on the fore Part ot its
Neck, and on that feveral Spots of black; its Back dark
brown; the Rump Afh-Colour; the middle of its Breaft
dusky yellow with tranfverfe Lines of black; the Bill yel-
lowilh ; the quill Feathers of the Wings dark or dusky
brown, their Edges of the exteriour Webs white, as was

alfo the fcapular Feathers; on the upper Part next the

Back, it had two or three white Feathers; the Belly and
Thighs white, with fome tranfverfe Lines and Spots of

black. ae ‘
The Tail was made up of twelve black Feathers ; the
Tegs and Feet of a dusky brown; the Claws black.
This Bird was fent me by my very good Friend Mr.

Abraham Francia: \t was fhot among other Feldfares.

(34)
The Pied Blackbird.

"Numb. OOo

T3 Bill was of lovely yellow, as in others of the male |
Kind of this Species; the Pupil of the Eyes black,
the Irides yellow; the Top of its Head and upper Side of
its Neck white, with tranfverfe Lines of black; the under
Side of the Neck and Breaft {potted with oblong Spots of
black down the Breaft ; on the lower Part black with fome
tranfverfe Lines of white ; it had alfo four large Spots
of white, two on the upper Coverts, and two on the
fcapular Part of the Wing: All the reft of the Body,
Wings, Belly, Thighs, and ‘Tail were black.

The Legs and Feet dusky brown; the Claws black.
This Bird was fent me by Sir Robert Abdy, and collect-
ed by a Gentleman as a great Curiofity.

The

VV levi Z arigalits io

The ee ae

soi

\nysh

an

The. Westen from, Feast Tritltt.

lene

(35)
The Miner.

Numb. XXXVIIL

“HIS Bird is about the Bignefs of the; Mizzletoe T. hrufhs

its Bill of a beautiful red Colour; the Irides of the
i pale yellow ; on the hind Part of the Head is a
broad Stripe of yellow, reaching as far as the Eyes, the
Ends inclining downward; the whole Bird is black, ex-
cepting two long white Marks in the two outmoft quill
Feathers of the Wings; its Legs were of a orange Co-
lour; the Claws black. This Birdimitates a human “Voice;
{peaking very articulately. I drew this Bird at Mr. Mere’s
Coffee-Houfe, in King-fireet, Bloomsbury. Sir Hans Sloan
had one of thefe Birds that {poke very prettily, which he
prefented to Her Mayjefty Queen Carolina. They are
brought from Eaft-Iudza.

The

oC")
The Water-Ouzel. Merula aquatica.
Numb. XXXIX.

176 Weight is two Ounces and a half; its Length from the Point of
the Bill to the End of the Tail, eight Inches and a half, to the End
of the Claws nine; Breadth, when the Wings were expanded, fourteen
Inches. It hath a fhorter Body than the Blackbird, anda thicker Neck ;
its Bill is ftreight, fharp pointed, flenderer than the Blackbird’s, mea-
furing from the Point to the Angles of the Mouth about an Inch long,
or fomewhat lefs, black coloured ; the Head and upper Side of the
Neck are of a dark dusky Colour or black, with a Tin@ure of red; all
the Back, and both prime and covert Feathers of the Wings are party
coloured of cinereous and black, the middle of the Feathers being black,
the Edges blue; the under Side.of the Neck and fore Part of the Breaft
are milk white, the Feathers contiguous to the white are redifh, the
lower Belly towards the Tail black; the Eye-lids white round about.

It hath in each ‘Wing eighteen Quills; the Tail is fhorter than in
the reft of this Kind, {carce two Inches and a half long, compofed ‘of
twelve Feathers of equal Length; theLegs, Feet, and Claws are black;
the outmoft fore Toe at Bottom joined to the middlemoft; the Tongue
is black, flender, and a little cloven at the Tip; the Circles encompafiing
the Pupils of the Eyes great, broad, and of a fair hazel Colour; the Eyes
furnifhed with nictating Membranes ; the Noftrils long, the Plumage co-
vering the whole Body thick fet as in water Birds.

It frequents ftony Rivers and water Courfes in the mountainous Parts
of Wales, Northumberland, W eftmoreland, Y ork{hire, ee,

This Bird was fhot by‘Sir Rodert Abdy, and fent to me out of Cum-
sberland.

It feeds upon Fifh, yet refufeth not Infe@s; fitting on the Banks of
Rivers it now and then flirts up its Tail; although it be not webfooted
yet it will fometimes dive or dart it felf quite under Water. It isa foli-
el Bird, accompanying only with its mate in coupling and breeding

ime,

The

Nu

Mi
My HW Yypil

golly,

Merita Montana

/ TAN pa 7 F a) r ‘ b
TEE ht 49 OGD?I OPC €. £2 ' j ; Sf ee 2

G37 i)y
The Banana Bird from Jamaica.

Numb. XL.

gets Bird was of the Bignefs of our Englifh Ster-
) ling; its Bull, thick, long, and fharp pointed; the
upper Mandible of a dark cinereous or afh Colour: the
under Mandible blue; the Pupil of the Eye of a fhining
black; the Irides of a lovely yellow, bordered with a
broad Stripe of blue ending in a Point on each Side; the
Head, Neck, and upper Part of the Breaft, part of
the Back, the Wings and Tail black, except fome white
Spots in the upper covert Feathers of the Wings, all the
ref{t of the Body is of a fine gold yellow. -

It refembles the Starlng in all its Actions being very
mifcheivous. It is a Native of ‘famaica, and other of the
Caribbee Iflands. ‘This Bird 1 drew from a Bird which
Her Grace the Duchefs of Portland brought with her from
Famaica. I have feen four or five of them fet upon and
kill a large Bird or Fowl, and when dead each one, ac
cording to his Place of Mafterfhip, choofe his Part,. wz.
_ the Heart, Brains, @c. keeping the Part which he makes
_ choice of till he has fatiated himfelf.

L The

G8
The yellow Starling from Bengall.
Numb. XL
HIS Bird is of the Bignefs of our Exghfh Starling;
its Bill thick, long, andl one dusky Colour; the Pu-
pil of the Eyes black; the Irides hazel coloured, encom-
pafled. with yellow; ‘the Top of the Head and Sides of

the Face round the Eyes is of a dark Colour inclining

to black, tending downwards and ending ina bitin a

~ Point on the Side Of the Neck ; at the Bae of the: upper
Mandible is a large Spot of yellow ending in a Point
on the fore Part OE the Head; the Back. rump, and
Tail is of a fine beautiful yellow; the Chin, Breaft, and
Belly more dilute; on the Phroat and Brest are long
dusky Marks down the middle of the Feathers; the quill
Feathers of the Wings are of a dark Colour; the Edges
of the exteriour Webs yellow.

The {fcapular Part of the Wing is yellow sist fine
large dark coloured Spots; the Legs and Feet dusky.
This Pourtray I took from a Bird Mr. Fofeph Dandridge
received from a Friend of his at Bengall. 1 have not.
found this Bird defcribed by any Author. |

The

4z

GY
eg from Bengal ,

:
}

es

oe

SY

Ls YEE 2

Le
Z Cts lp gees

| ( 39 )
The Hoop or Hoopoe. Upupa.

\ Numb. XLII, XLHUI.

‘1 TS Weicht was ten Ounces and ten Drams; its Length, from the Tip of the Bill to the End of the Taif,

was twelve Inches; Breadth, when the Wings were extended, eighteen Inches; its Bill two Inches anda
quarter long, black, fharp, and fomething bending ; the Tongue fmall, deep, withdrawn in the Mouth trian-
gular, being broad at Bottom, and fharp at Top like a perfect equilateral Triangle.

The Shape of the Body approacheth to that of a Plover; the Head is adorned with a moft beautiful
Creft two Inches high, confifting of a double Row of Feathers reaching from the Bill to the Nape of the
Neck all along the Top of the Head, which it can at Pleafure fet up and let fall; it is made up of twenty

four Feathers, fome of which are longer than others; the Tips of them are black, under the black they are

white, the remaining Part under the white being of a chefnut inclining to a yellow; the Neck is of a pale

tedifh yellow ; the Breait white; the Tail is four Inches and a half long, made up of ten Feathers only, black

with a crofs Mark or Bed of white of the Figure of a Crefcent or Parabola; the Tail is extended further than
the Wings complicated.

__There are in each Wing eighteen Quills, or mafter Feathers, of which the ten foremoft are black having a
white crofs Bar, which in the fecond, third, fourth, fifth, fixth, and feventh is more than half an Inch broad ;
the feven following Feathers have five ar fix white crofs Bars; the Limbs or Borders of the lait are fomething red ;
the Rump is white. ‘

The Irides of the Eyes are of a hazel Colour: the lower Eye-lid bigger than the upper; the Legs fhort;
the ouimoft Toe at Bottom faftened to the middle without any intervening Membrane; the Windpipe at the
beginning of the Divarication or Divifion into two Branches which go to the Lungs, hath two little Bones:
outwardly fupplying the Ufe of the Head of a Windpipe, between which is fpread a very thin Skin: the annu~
lary Cartilages beyond the Divarication in each Branch were only femicircular as in Heras.

In the Stomach were found Beetles and other Infects. It hath no blind Guts.

_ In the Number of Tail-feathers; want of blind Guts, crofs Lines of the Wines, and partly alfo in its Food,
it.agreeth with the Woodpeckers. aS

About Colsgn and elfewhere in High Germany it is very frequent, where they call.it Widehuppes it fits fox
the moft part on the ground, fometimeson Willows, &c.

The Hen of this Bird was fhot inthe Garden of Mr. Starkey M/ayos at Woodford on Epping Fore/t, where.
they had obferved it fome Time, and ufed all the Means to take it they could; but it was fo fhy, that it avoided’
all their Traps which were laid for it,. which the Gentleman obferving, ordered it to be fhot: It was:fent to me
to be preferved for him. :

The Cock of this Kind I drew from a Picture done in Germany by a great Mafter there, now in the Pof--
feffion of Mr. Nisbet, Gentleman, who had it drawn from the Bird then alive.

There is fome Difference in the Colours of the Hen, and this Bird which was a Cock ; I was credibly in
formed by Robert Briffow, Efq; who faw both the Drawings of the Cock and Hen, and told me his Son-fhot.
the Cock, which was like the drawing, at his Seat at Micheler near Wincheffer in Hamp/bires

®

| ( 40)
The Bee-Eater. Merops five Apiafter.

Numb. XLIV.

T is for Bignefs equal to a Blackbird; from the Tip of the Bill, to the End of

the Tail, eleven Inches and a half long ; Breadth, when the Wings were expanded,
eighteen Inches; in the Shape of the Body it is very like that of the Kingsjifher.

The Bill is great, from the Tip to the Angles of the Mouth almoft two Inches
jong, fave only, that it is a little more arch’d or bending downward than that of the
Kingsfifher ; the Tongue flender, deeply cut in or torn at the Tip; the Itides of the
Eyes ofa lovely red, and in fome of a hazel Colour.

The Head is great and oblong; the Colour of the Feathers at the Bafe of the upper
chap is white, then yellow and green; the back Part of the Head of a dark red, but
in fome Birds, of a green and red Mixture; from the Corners of the Mouth, through
the Eyes on each Side, is extended a black Stroak, contiguous whereto under the
Chin are bright but pale yellow Feathers; the Neck, Breaft, Belly, and Thighs of
a blucifh greens; the fcapular Feathers green with a Mixture of red, in fome the Co-
Jour of the under Side is blue.

The Number of beam Feathers in each Wing, is about twenty one or twenty two,
of an orange Colour tipt with black, intermixt with fome green Feathers; the wing
Feathers varied in feveral Birds, in fome blue, in others more red the Tail is about
three inches and a half long, made up of twelve Feathers of a green Colour, in fome
blue; the-under Side of a dun Colour; the two middlemoft Feathers run out in
Length beyond the reft, and end in fharp Points. ;

The Legs are very fhort, but thick for the Length; both Legs and Feet exaétly like
thofe of the Kingsfifher; for the fore Toes, as in that, are all joined together to the
firft Joint, as if they were but one Toe; of a blackifh Colour, in fome of a dusky
reds the Claws black,
~ The Liver was of a pale yellows the Stomach rather membranous than mufculous,
in. which when diffe&ted was found Beetles and other Infedts. - It feeds not only on
Bees, but upon the Cicade Beetles, and alfo on the Seeds of the Nipplewort, baftard
Larfley, Turnips, gc. as Bellomius teftifies.

6

e 9
es

ogkaoe

‘
4

The

44

Wiley °f? dt The Bee-cater

i

bebe, ThE

eet

f
“)

. ie L/ he llirf mare Ledger

(41)
The Horfeman Pigeon.
Numb. XLV.

HESE Pigeons are of a baftard Breed, between the Carrier and

Cropper, and fometimes the Carrier and Runt, retaining the Marks
of both Sorts, having the flefhy Excrefcences on the Bafe of the Bill, and
round the Eyes; their Crop a little fwollen; the Irides of the Eyes
of a beautiful orange Colour inclining to red.

This Bird was of a dark blueifh Afh-colour; the upper Part of the
Neck, as it was diverfly objected to the Light, did exhibit to the Be-
holder various and fhining Colours like thofe of the Rainbow: the
Crop was white intermixed with pale green; the outer quill Feathers
of the Wings were half way white, the lower half black with white
Edges: the firft Row of Coverts tipt with black, the fecond Row of
Coverts had a black Stripe acrofs them, ending in a Point towards the
outer Edge of the Wing; the Tail was compofed of twelve black
Feathers about four Inches and a half long.

The Legs and Feet were red. ‘Thefe Pigeons are faid to be the beft
Breeders of all the Pigeon Kind, as I have experienced by keeping them
feveral Years. ‘They are very apt to decoy other Pigeons, and is often
practifed by our London Pigeon-Merchants. They take the Cock as
foon as the Young is hatched, and carrying him where there is any
Dove-Houfes, they throw him up, and he will, by taking turns about,
be fure to carry off fome of the Pigeons from the Place, or if he meet
any in his Way, he will endeavour to take them with him.

ess

4
M The

( 42)
The W ood-Pigeon. Ocnas:
Numb. XLVI.

T is bigger than the common Pigeon; its Weight was fourteen Ounces:

anda half; its Length from the Tip of the Bill to the End of the
Tail, was fourteen Inches long; and the Breadth, when the Wings
were extended, was twenty fix Inches: the Colour and Shape: of the
Body are like that of the common Pigeon; the Bill alfo a like, and of
equal Length, of a pale red Colour; the Noftrils were great and pro-.
minent; the Top of the Head cinereous; the Neck covered with:change-
able Feathers, which as they are varioufly objeéted to. the Light, appear
of a purple or fhining green, no Silk like them; the fore Part of the
Brea{t, the Shoulders and Wings are dafhed with a purplifh or red-wine
Colour, whence it took the Name (Oevas.). The Wings, Shoulders,
and middle of the Back are of a dark Afh-colour; the refl of the Back
to the Tail of a paler; all the quill Feathers (except the four or five
outmoft, which are all over black with their Edges white) have their
lower Part cinereous, and their upper Part black; the Tail is five Inches.
long made up of twelve Feathers, having their lower Part cinereous,
their upper, for one third of their Length, black; the nether Side. of
the Body, excepting the upper Part of the Breaft, is all cinereous;. the
Wings clofed. reach not to the End of the Tail ; in both Wings. are-
two black Spots, the one upon two. er three quill Feathers next the
Body, the other upon two or three of the covert Feathers incumbent
upon thofe Quills, both Spots are on the out Side of the Shafts, and
not far from the Tips of the Feathers; the two outmoft Feathers of
the Tail have the lower half of their exteriour Veins white.

The Feet are red, the Claws black; the Legs feathered down a little
below the Knees; the blind Guts very fhort: it had no Gall-Bladder
to be found; it had a large Craw fall of Acorns and other Grains: It
hada mufculous Stomach, long. Tefticles, and a long Breaft-bone.

The

v—

— . . ——

Tipe Me Plow ear: Wow Pudge

O77?

Purl es é 1
Tourterelle
rterclle (O PLATE
LHE SU) Se Dove

( 43 )
The Turtle-Dove. Turtur,
Numb. XLVIL

if S Length, from the point of the Bill to the End of the Tail, was
twelve Inches; its Breadth, when the Wings.were extended twenty
one Inches; its Bill flender; from the Tip to the Angles of the Mouth
almoft an Inch long, of a dusky blue Colour without, and: red within ;
its Tongue {mall and not divided; the Irides of its Eyes between red
and yellow: A circle of naked red Flefh encompafleth the Eyes, as in.
many others of this Kind.

Its Feet were red; its Claws black; its Toes divided to the very
Bottom; the inner Side of the. middle Claw thinned into an Edge.

Its Head and the middle of its Back blue or cinereous of the Colour: of
acommon Pigeon; the Shoulders and the Rump of a fordid red;. the
Breaft and Belly white; the Throat tinétured with a lovely vinous
Colour; each Side of the Neck was adorned with a Spot of beautiful
Feathers, of a black Colour with white Tips; the exteriour quill Fea-
thers of the Wings were dusky, the middle cinereous; the interiour had
their Edges red; the fecond Row of wing Feathers afh-coloured; the-
leffer Rows black: the Tail was compofed of twelve Feathers of which.
the outmoft had both their Tips and exteriour Webs white; in the fuc-
eeeding the white part by Degrees grew lefs and lefs, fo that the: mid--
dlemoft had no white at all; the Length of the Tail was four, Inches
and a half.

The Tefticles were great, an Inch long; its Guts by Meafure twenty
fix Inches; its blind Guts very fhort ;_ its Crop great, in which was found
Hemp-Seed ; its Stomach or Gizzard flefhy; above the Stomach the
Gullet is dilated into a kind of Bag, fet with papillary Glandules. This
Bird I had from Sir Robert Abdy.. :

Sree

( 44°)
‘Lhe Portugal Dove.

Numb. XLYIIL

HIS Bird is a fmall matter bigger than the com-
mon Turtle-Dove kept in Cages; the Head, Back,

Breaft, and Belly were of a dusky brown ; the Bill black;

The Irides of the Eyes of a beautiful fhining faffron Co-
lour: it had on the middle of its Neck on each Side two

or three Feathers of a fhining black with white Tips;
the wing Feathers were dusky, their Edges of a deep

yellow, the fcapular Part adorned with black Feathers
with white Edges: the Tail was made up of twelve Fea-
thers, the outmoft of which had their exteriour Webs
and Tips white, the reft of the Feathers of a dark Ath-
colour with white Tips. met

The Legs and Feet red; the Claws black. This Bird
I had of a Captain which traded to Portugal, who told _
me they were very common in that Country.

nts
ES

=

Lhe Lortigal Dove

i

ta LO ee ey ee

oer

et iaees <7

Boy

AL Lurtle Dove from Samia ~

Sear

(a5. }
Che Turtle-Dove from Jamaica.

Numb. XLIX.

“THIS Bird was about the Bignefs of the common

_ Turtle-Dove, which are kept in Cages; its Bill red
towards the Bafe, the Point of an Afh-colour ; the upper
Mandible a little hooked at the Tip ; the Noftrils oblong; ©
the Head and Chin ofa lovely rich blue with a fmall Bor-
der of white, round both.

The upper Part of the Neck, the Back, Belly, Wings,
and Tail were of a yellowifh brown; the Edges of the
quill and covert Feathers of the Wings more pale; the

Legs and Feet red, the Claws black. This Bird I faw

at the Right Honourable the Lord Trevor’s at Eaft-Bar-
net. Xt was brought with other curious Birds from the
W eft-Indies to Charles Hedges, Efq; who was pleafed to
give it to my Lord; and defired me to go thither to draw
it, and give it a Place in the Book, 4

x05 x
(Ree

N The

ee

( 4}
The Bunting. Emberifa alba:
Numb. L.

TS Weight was fourteen Drams; Length, from the:
A Point of the Bill to the End of the Tail, feven Inches ;.
«. Breadth, when the Wings were expanded, ten Inches.
Jts Bill great and thick, having a hard Knob or Emi--
nency in the upper Mandible or Palate, wherewith it is-
thought to bruife Wheat, Oats, and other Grain; the:
Sides of the lower Chap, rife up in an Angle on each:
Side, and incline to one another under the ‘Tubercle of;
the Palate: the Tongue is fharp, and {lit in two;. the:
Claws are of a pale dusky Colour; the back Toe is great,.
armed with a leffer and more crooked Claw than in Larks;.
the outmoft Fore-Toe 1s equal to the inmoft, and grows:
faft to the middlemoft at Bottom, as in other. Birds: the.
Colour of the whole Body like that of a Lark, but more.
dark, the middle of the Feathers blackifh; the. Chin,
Breaft, and Belly are of a dusky yellowith white with.
oblong dark Spots; the quill and covert Feathers of the
Wings are dusky, “having their outer Edges cinereous:
the Tail is more than three Inches long, of a dusky Co-
lour. It fings fitting upon the higheft Twigs of Trees
and Shrubs. It feeds on Corn, and other Grain.

The

J ~

lire.

x

Wh Bian

a lla.

2b

Len

——
=e

“3 partes

- ey Tipe coco Tre ae Ces

(47>)
The Reed Sparrow. An Cannevarola.
Numb. LI...

fae Length, from the Point of the Pill to the End of the Tail, was
t fix Inches and a half; Breadth, when the Wings were expanded,
ten Inches; Weight three quarters. of an Ounce; the Bill fhort and
black, the lower Chap, having its Edges on both Sides bent inwards, is
Hollow in. fafhion of a Funnel, and contains the Tongue within it. Be-.
fides, near its Bafe it rifes up into a Dent or Angle on each Side, to-
which there. is a Notch or Furrow correfpondent in the upper Chap to»
receive it, as in the Bunting’s Bill; the Head is. black, a white Ring
encompafles the Neck pointing towards the Corners of the Mouth; the -
Chin and Throat are black; the Breaft and Belly white, {potted with a:
faint dusky Colour on the Breaft; the Back and covert Feathers of the |
Wings.are party coloured of black and redifh Colour, the middle of each
Feather. being black, the outfides red; the Rump ted with a Mixture
of Ath-colour; the quill Feathers of the Wings are dusky, having their
exteriour Edges red; the Tips of the feven firft or. outmoft are fharp,
of the reft blunt, indented and of an Afh-colour; the lefler Rows-of
wing Feathers have their outer Edges and Tips red ; the Plumage.on the .
Bafe or Ridge of the Wing blueifh, underneath white; the Tail was
two Inches anda half long, and made up of twelve Feathers, of which,
the two middlemoft are fomething fhorter than the reft, and black; .
the outer Edges red, the three next on each Side were-dark coloured,
and almoft black; the exteriour Edge of the fifth is white; the inte- -
riour alfo not far from the Tip is {potted with white; the outmoft Feather -
is wholly white, all end in fharp Points; the Feet are blackith, the Claws ;
black; the outmoft and middle Toe joined at Bottom; the backToe great «
and ftrong; the blind Guts fhort and thick. It hatha gall Bladder: the
Stomach is mufculous ; in it when opened were found Seeds, &c. ~

The Hen, as in moft Birds, is not fo fair coloured, the Ring about -
her Neck is darker and fcarce appearing; all the reft of the Feathers. of
the Head, Back, Shoulders, and covert Feathers of the Wings are of the
fame Colours of the Cock, but much paler; the Legs and Feet. of a.
fiefh Colour ; the Claws black.

¢ 48.)
The Cock and Fen Sparrows from Bengal.

Numb. LII.

HIS Bird is fomewhat bigger than our common
Houfe Sparrow ; its Bill large and fharp pointed, of
a horn Colour; the Irides of the Eyes whitith; the Top
of the Head of a beautiful yellow with a Shade of orange
Colour; the upper Side of the Neck, Back, Wings, and
Tail were of a dusky Colour, the Edges of the Feathers
light hair Colour: it had a broad Stripe of the fame Co-
lour reaching round the Breaft: the Chin, under Side of
the Neck and Belly were of a light hair Colour with a
Tincture of yellow; the Legs and Feet orange Colour;
the Claws cinereous: The Hen was of the fame Colour:
but more dark ; the Stripes acrofs the Breaft not fo broad
as in the Cock. |
Thefe Birds are in the Collection of Mr. Fofeph Dan-
dridge, to whom I have been obliged for feveral curious
Birds. Thefe Sparrows were fent to him from the Bay
of Bengal in the Eaft- Indies.

The

S01

Bepeile vests

nD / F
Benowle 3

,

/

COST OF?

1€ Sparrvon’

?
o

s

P2470

Lhel

Chere 7st

U-S-C1"

Li

( 49)
The Chinefe Sparrows.

Numb. LI.

HESE Birds are of the fame Bignefs of Lzunets;

the Bills afh-coloured, fhort and thick like that of
the Chaffinches; the Head, Neck, Breaft, and under
Side of the Belly of the Cocks are black: the reft of the
Body, Wings, and Tail ofa redifh brown or light chefnut
colour ; the "Legs and Feet dusky.

The Hen’s Back, Wings, and upper Part of the Tail, —
are of a more dusky bupwn than the’ Cock’ s; the lower
Part of the Breaft, and Belly, of a light hair Coben: the
Sides of the Belly, and under the Wings, were regularly
{potted with black and white; the Lees, and Feet of a
light yellowifh hair Colour. tlhe Nee Ge like the.

whiltling of the Wind. The Pourtray of thefe Birds T-
drew at “Mr. Bland’s at the Tiger on Tower-Hzll, who told
me they were brought from China in Eaft-India by the
Name of Chinefe Sparrows.

O The

Pak)
The Pied Chaffinch.

Numb. LIV.

“THE Bill of this Bird from the Point above half

way was of a redifh Colour with a Stripe ofa blueifh
lead Colour round the upper and under Mandible, towards
the Bafe red ; the Eyes black, the Irides white, the Eye- =
Lids black; the whole Head and Neck white, round the
lower Part was a treble Collar, the firft blueifh lead Go- =
lour, then white, then blue fucceeding the white; the
Back redifh brown fpotted with greenifh yellow ; the
Breaft and Belly of the fame Colour, with a large feol-
loped Mark of blueifh Colour down the middle of the
Breaft.

The Wings were white witha faint tin@ure of greenifh
yellow, intermixt with a few black Feathers; the Tail
was made up of twelve Feathers, the two outmoft of
which on each Side was white, the two next to them
black, the middle ones white; the Legs and Feet of a
redifh flefh Colour. fa

This Bird I faw in the Poffeflion of Mr. Noble, who
told me it frequented his Brother’s Garden at Havering
Bower in Effex, where he ufed to feed it a long time
before he could take it.

Lhe

oh Nee

eet amperage

a ote ee

Uz:

IE ee Lud ¢ taffune

32

Anas taken the r0 of Brrl 173 2 2b Havering Provan Lifer
Kidward the lyfaer kept fs Courl.

ut

/
2 RETS «

‘ F

‘te ae gti ect

ey
fitted

Li

PUsLAC

te,

| ( 5)
The black Martin or Swift. Hirundo Apus.
Numb. LY.

ga Bird is much bigger than the common Swallow; its Head is large,
the Mouth wide, and the Bill fmall and black, oirards the Noftrils

_ broad and deprefied; its Tongue is broad and fomewhat cloven; its

Noftrils long placed obliquely, obtufe towards the Head, acute eee

as the Point of the Bill; its Eyes great, and their Irides of a hazel Colour,

Tt hath almoft no Variety or Difference of Colour in the whole

e :. dy ; for as well the upper as the lower Side, and. alfo the Wings and
© Tail are black with an obfcure Tinéture of redifh brown, ons under
me the Chin is a notable Spot of white or Afh-colour.

It hath in each Wing eighteen quill Feathers, all ending in ifort

‘Points, but efpecially the exteriour ones; the Tail is aout a hand

Breadth long, confifting of but ten Feathers, from the middle to the
outmoft in order one longer than another ending all in fharp Points.
Its Legs are very fhort and thick; its Feet very fmall; the Toes are
divided from the very Rife; the gall Bladder is little; the Stomach not
very flefhy, out of which when diffected we took Beetles and other
Infeas.
It is faid that by reafon of the Length ae its Wings and Shortnefs of
its Legs, if it happens to alight or fall upon the Ground, it cannot raife

it felf up again, but may eafily be caught; wherefore it doth either

always fly or fit upon the Tops of PRS, Towers, or other ancient
Buildings.

Its Weight was three quarters of an Ounce and ten Drams; its Length,
from the Tip of the Bill to the End of the Tail, feven Tock and a
half; the Diftance between the Wings when extended was fifteen Inches
and a half; the Bill three quarters of an Inch, which was alfo the
Length of ‘the Legs.

I found on the Body of this Bird an odd fhaped Infe& of the Loufe
Kind, different from any I have feen amongft our Engli/h Infects.

Tbe

52) :
The Martin or Martinet. Wirundo agreftis. -

wae

Numb. LVI.

T S Length was fix Inches; Breadth ten Inches and a half; its Bill and Head very

much deprefied and flat as in the Houfe-Swallows: the upper Mandible fomewhat
longer than the nether; the Mouth yellow within fide; the Tongue cloven; the —
Irides of the Eyes of a redifh Colour; the Feet {mall and Legs fhort, and covered to
the very Claws with a white down, by which Note it is to be diftinguifhed from all
thofe of the Swallow Kind.

Its Head, Neck, Back, Tail, and Wings are of the fame Colour with the Swal/ow’s,
but fadder and not fo gloffy; its Rump, Breaft, and Belly white, under the Chin the
white is more obfcure; in each Wing is eighteen mafter Feathers; from the tenth to
the feventeenth have their Tips broad and indented; the Tail is lefs forked than the Swa/-
Jow’s; the outmoft Feathers two Inches and a half long. ‘This Bird builds a round
Neft covered above, Icaving around Hole in the Side by which it goes in and ont.
In the Stomachs of the Young was found Flies and Beetles.

The Sand Martin. Wirundo riparia.

HIS Bird is the leaft of all the Swa//ow Kind, being from the Tip of the Bill

to the End of the Tail, but five Inches long; its Bill is fmall, fharp, ‘flat,
black, as in the.reft of this Kind; from the Point to the Angles of the Mouth half
an Inch long; its Tongue cloven; its Eyes great; its Feet dusky; at the Rife of the
back Toe, a few {mall Feathers grow, elle the Legs are bare as far as the Knees.

Its Head, Neck, and Back are of a dark dun or moufe Colour; the Number of the
Feathers in the Wings and Tail are the fame as in other Swa//ows, but the quill
Feathers of the Wings are darker than thofe of the Coverts, and Back; from the
tenth to the laft of all of equal Length; the fix next to the tenth, have their Tips
broad and indented ; the middle Feathers of the Tail are an Inch and three quarters
long, the outmoft an Inch and half. It builds in Holes of river Banks and fand Pits;
makes its Neft of Straws, and Bent of Grafs, Gc. within of Feathers, on which it
lays its Eggs: it differs from the common Martiz in having no white on its Rump,
nor its Fect feathered as that hath.

The

a,LLirusrnide agreflis.
VIOLA, Ca

HG Ye Mlorbp or Whartle E-
The Sand or lank Martyr

Paris Casuals
Paris Crifiale. -

7

Lhe long latld Liltmiufe b

The Urofled Ditnoufe

SN oee

(53 )
The Long Tail Titmoufe. Parus caudatus.
Nanb.| LL

= HE Crown of the Head of this Bird is white; from the Bill, above the Eyes on each

Side round the hinder Part of the Head is a broad black Mark fcolloped on the Top;

the Jaws, Throat, Breaft, and Belly white, varied with fmall dusky Spots; the Back of a di-

lute chefnut Colour {potted with black ; the quill Feathers black, the outer Edges of the interiour
of thefe are white.

The Tail of this is like that of the Magpie, the outermoft Feathers being the fhorteft, the

other in notable Degrees longer to the middlemoft which are the longeft of all; of the outermoft

Feather on each Side the Top and outer half from the Shafts is white, the next hath lefs white;

the third only the outer Part of the Tip white, the reft are wholly black ; the Bill is fhort, ftrong,
and black ; the Tongue broad and divided into Filaments ; the Eyes bigger than in other {mall
Birds; the Irides hazel coloured ; the Edges of the Eye-lids yellow; the Noftrils covered with

~ {mall Feathers.

The Legs, Feet, and Claws black. It frequents Gardens rather than mountainous Places:

It builds like the Wren, or more artficially, making an Arch over the Neft of the fame Matter

and Contexture with the reft of the Neft; fo that the Neft refembles an Ege erected upon one
End, a {mall Hole being left in the Side, whereat the Bird goes in and out. By this Means

_ both Eggs and Young are fecured from the Injuries of the Air, or other Accidents of Wind,

Rain, or Cold, and that they may lie foft, fhe lines the Neft within with Store of Feathers
and Down, without fhe builds the Sides and Roof of Mofs, Wool, and Webs, curioufly in-
terwoven together.

See Aldrovandus in the feventeenth Book, and fixteenth Chapter of his Ornithology.

The Crefted Titmoufe. Parus criftatus.

mpaits hath a pretty fhort big Bill of a dusky Colour; its Tongue is broad and divided into
four Filaments ; its Feet of a lead Colour; the outer Toes for fome Space from their di-
varication, joined to the middle one; the Crown of the Head black, the Edges of the Feathers
being white; at the hinder Part of the Head begins a black Line, which like a Wreath or Collar
encompafies the Neck; from the lower Mandible of the Bill to this Collar is a black Line pro-
duced; the Sides of the Face and middle of the Neck white intermixt with dusky Feathers ;
the middle of the Breaft white; the Sides, lower Belly, and Thighs fomething red; the Wings
and Tail dusky, the Edges of the Feathers of a greenifh white ; the Back of an Olive green.
Its Weight was two Drams and a half; itis from the Tip of the Bill to the End of the Tail
five Inches long; Breadth, when the Wings were extended, eight Inches anda quarter; the
quill Feathers of the Wings are nineteen in Number ; the Tail is compofed of twelve Feathers,

Pu The

(54)
The yellow Water-Wagtail. Motacilla flava.

Numb. LVIII.

HESE Birds are of the bignefs of the common black — q

and white Water-W agtazl; its Bill is black, ftreight,

{lender and fharp pointed ; its Eyes grey, both upper and a 1

under Eye-lids white, moreover above the Eye is a white

Line extended; the Top of the Head and upper Part of — 4

the Body is afh-coloured; the Rump of a dusky yellow;
the Head (which in Proportion to the Body) is fmall

and compreffed ; the wing Feathers black, their exteriour
Fdges white, croffed in the middle of the Wings witha ~~

Line of white; the Chin and Throat white with a faint
yellow Cait; the Breaft and Belly yellow. |

The Tail is made up of twelve Feathers very long, the
outmoft on each Side is all white ; the two next white on
the infide and blackifh on the out, the fix middlemoft all
over blackifh.

The Legs (which are long) and the Feet (which are
rough) were of a redifh Colour; the Claws black; the
Hen was of the fame Colour of the Cock, the white on
the Throat and deep yellow on the Rump excepted.
Their Food is Flies, Beetles, and other Infects.

The

’

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VUlolucilla £ iava The lock 5 LLen ylenw Muler Weg bal

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55)
The Green Wren. Regulus non Criftatus.
Numb, LIX.

TS Weight two Drams, being in Length, from the
Tip of the Bill to the End of the Claws or Tail, which

is all one, five Inches; in Breadth, when the Wings are

extended, feven Inches,

The Head, Neck, Back, and Rump of the Cock are

ofa dusky green; the Chin and fide of the Face under

the Eyes yellowifh, with a Spot of the fame Colour on
each Side the Breaft near the fcapular or upper Part of
the Wing; the Breaft, Belly, and Thighs are very white:
a yellowifh Line is produced from the Noftrils above the
Eyes almoft to the hinder Part of the Head; the Wings
have eighteen prime Feathers of a dusky Colour having ©
their out Edges green; the Tail is two Inches long made
up of twelve Feathers of the fame Colour of the Wings.

The Bill flender, ftreight, fharp of a dusky Colour ;

the upper Mandible fomewhat longer and hooked in the

Cock, in the Hen not; the Noftrils large; the Legs and
Feet fmall of a dusky amber Colour m the Cock, the
Hen’s black. Its Food is Infects; it fings like a Graf-
hopper, and frequents Woods and folitary Place fitting
on the Tops of Oaks.

It builds its Nefk of Mofs and Straws, lined with Hair
and a few Feathers: it lays five Eggs all over freckled
with red Specks. The Hen is of the fame Colours with
the Cock but more dusky. :

The

{(°56))
The Caffowary or Emen,
Numb. LX. nr a
i Length from the Tip of its Bill to the End of the Claws was

almoft five Foot; the Height of its Back from the Ground was two
Foot fix Inches; from the Knee to the End of its middle Claw twenty
Inches; on the fore Part and Top of its Head grew a horny Subftance;
the Head and Neck are bare of Feathers, only thin fet with a hairy —
Down, the Skin under the Down is of a blueifh purple Colour, except
the lower Part of the back Side of the Neck, which is of a vermilion Ga-
Jour, as was alfo the two Wattles or Lobes of Flefh which hung down —
on the lower Part of the Neck almoft as low as the Breaft; its Bill was
near four Inches long, of a moderate thicknelfs and ftreight; its Legs are
thick and ftrong five Inches and a half in compafs, covered with many
broad thick Scales of a yellowifh Colour: they have three Toes all
{landing forward, for it wants the back Toe; the under Parts of the
Feet and Heel are callous and hard, with which they ftrike with great
Force, and run very {wiftly; in the Place of Wings it hadtwo fmall Pi-
nions, on each of which grew five naked Shafts about two Foot long of —
a fhining black, and fomewhat like thofe of a Porcupine: it had no Tail; |
the Body large invefted with black Feathers of a peculiar Texture, two
of them coming out of one Pipe or Hofe, and lying one upon the
other, the upper being fomewhat the thicker or grofier, being about
feven or eight Inches long, flender, with thin-fet Filaments oppofite
one to another on each Side, and of different Lengths, thofe on the
Rump being fourteen Inches long; thefe Feathers had that Form and Sir
tuation, that the Bird at firft fight feemed to be covered with Hair inftead
of Feathers refembling the Skin’ ofa black Bear: the Claws were black and
large, the infide Claw the longeft. Two of thefe Birds were to be feen
at the George Tavern at Charing-Cro/s, to which Place | went to draw
them. ‘Their Food was Bread, Flefh, Fruit, &’c. which they {wallow
very greedily, having no Tongue: they were brought by a Duzch Ship
from Pallampank in Eaft-India. 2) HE eatig

¥

SNEMRANY :

Sy .
WEISS STII
BENS

bit of

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Mloriirelle’ | The lock. Dotterrd fran the Peak ofDerly

up

ee Ltheon Dotter! [rom a Peak of Derly

(57)

The Dottre?. Morinellus.
Numb. LXI, LXIL

5 Weight was four Ounces and a quarter; Length,. from the Point
~ of the Bill to the End of the Tail, ten Inches; Breadth, when the
Wings were extended, eighteen Inches and a half; the Bill, meafuring
from the Tip to the Angles of the Mouth, was an Inch long; the Head
- elegantly variegated with white and black Spots, the middle Part of each
_ fingle Feather being black, above the Eyes was a long whitifh Line; the
Chin whitifh, the Throat was of a cinereous Colour inclining to a light
brown, as far as the broad white tranfverfe Line which encompafles the
Breaft, and reaches above the Pinion of the Wings on each Side the
Breaft; under that Line it is of a dark bay or. chefnut Colour, ending
near the Thighs in a broad Shadow of a blackifh brown; the lower
Belly and ‘Thighs are white: the Wing hath about twenty five prime
Feathers, of which the firft or outmoft is the longeft, and hath a broad
firong white Shaft, the tenth the thorteft, from the tenth to the twentieth
they are almoft equal; the reft to the twenty fourth are again longer,
the foregoing than the following, the three outmoft are blacker than the
reft, which are of a dusky or redifh brown Colour: The lefler Rows of
_ the wing Feathers are brown with yellowifh Tips or Edges, the upper
Part of the Neck and Back are of the fame Colours with them: the Tail
is compofed of twelve Feathers, two Inches and a half long, the mid-
diemoft being the longeft of the fame colour of the Back: the Legs are
bare for a little Space above the Knees, of a brownifh Colour, with a
Tin@ture of green; the Feet a little darker, the Claws black, the inner
Toe is joined to the middle Toe at Bottom, the outer by a thick Mem-
brane as far as the firft Joint; it wants the back Toe, wherein it agrees
-with the Green Plover: its Bill is ftreight and blackifh. It hath a
. flefhy Stomach, in which when I- had diffe&ted it, I found {mall black

Beetles; its Guts were fourteen Inches and a half long. The Cock and
Mee «Hen agree in all the Colours and Marks excepting the black Shade at

the lower Part of the Breaft, which is the characterifiick Mark of the
» Gock. Thefe two Birds I received from Sir William Abdy, they were
fent to him from the Peak of Darby.

ie : The

( 58 )
The Dotirell from Lancolnthire.
Numb. LXII.

US Weight was four Ounces and a half; Length, fron:
4 the Point of the Bill to the End of the Tail, nine
Inches and a half; Breadth, when the Wings were ex-
tended, feventeen Inches and three quarters; the Bill’
black, about an Inch long ; the Top of the Head finely
{potted with white, yellow, and brown, the Eyesblack, the
Irides white ; over each Eye 1s a broad white Line reaching
almoft to the hinder part of the Head (this being a parti-.
cular characteriftick Note of the Dottrell Kind :) the Breaft,.
Belly, Thighs, and under Side of the Tail were white:
with a Tincture of faint yellowith buff Colour ; the upper
Side of the Neck brown; the Back, covert Feathers,
and baftard Wing brown, their out Edges yellow, the
quill Feathers black, the exteriour Web of the outmoft
white; the upper Side of the middle Feathers of. the.
Tail brown, the reft on each Side white. The Legs and.

Feet of a fordid green. It wants the back Toe.
This Bird I had of William Lydal, Poulterer, who had

it out of Lincolufhire, by the Name of Dottrell.

EES
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Ciconta’ alba

~

(59)
The common or white Stork. Ciconia alba:
Numb. LXIy.

T is bigger than the common Hern: its Neck thicker:
and fhorter having but fourteen Vertebras in Num-
ber ; its Bill is long, fharp pointed, and red, the Noftrils.
oblong; the under Mandible black at the Bafe; the Pupil
of the Eye of a dark purplifh Colour; the Eye-brows
dusky, under the Eye a Border of orange’ Colour, like--
wife a Spot of the fame Colour on each fide the Chin;
the Head, Neck, Back, Belly, and covert Feathers of
the Wings white; the quill Feathers of the Wings were
black; the Tail fhort and white ; the Legs-and Feet red
and bare above the Knees; the Claws.dusky and fhaped
like human Nails: their Food is Frogs, Snails, &c. They
are Natives of Holland, breeding on the Tops of Houfes ;
they are alfo Birds of Paflage, coming thither in the
Spring, and going away at Michaelmas, but to what
Place is uncertain, they not being found in any other
Part of the known World, and are feldom found in. Exg:.
land in the Summer Time without being driven over by
a Storm, or brought over by fome curious Perfon. fF
faw two of thefe Birds at His Grace the Duke of Chan--
doss at Edger in Middlefex. |

aN
SON

The

Lhe Crane. Grus.
Numb. LXV.

TTS Length from the point of the Bill to the End of the Tail isal.
moft five Foot; its Weight fometimes ten Pounds; its Bill is ftreight,
tharp pointed, of a : greenith Colour, near four Inches long, compreffed fide
ways; its Tongue ‘broad and horny at the Tip; the Top of the Head
dark brown inclining to black, on the back of the Head isa Space or
Bed of thin-fet Hairs of a red Colour: the Chin and under fide of the
‘Neck are of a dusky or blackifh Hue; the reft of the Head and Neck
Afh-colour, as is alfo the whole Bird excepting the quill Feathers of
the Wings; the Tail is fhort, and compofed of twelve Feathers all
déimereons swith black Tips, when {pread, making a round Circumference.
The Wings are very large, the quill Feqherg are in Number twenty
four, the leffer of which fon black incline to ruffet.
The Legs are black, bare of Feathers for a ee s Breadth above the
Knees; the Toes dark brown and very long; the lower Joint of the
‘outmoft and middle Toe conneéted by a thick Meetincis
That which is moft rare, and efpecially remarkable in this Bitd, is
the conformation of the Windpipe; for entring far ito the Breaft-bone
which hath a great Cavity within to receive it, being there thrice re-
fle&ted goes out again at the fame Hole and fo turns down to the Lungs. J
The blind Guts are five Inches long; the Stomach or Gizzard’muf, |
culous as in granivorous Birds ;: the Flefh is ver y favory and well- tafted,
not to fay delicate. They often come to usin England, efpecially in
the Fen-Countries in Lizcolnfhire and Cambridgefbire, where there are
creat Flocks of them; but whether they breed in Ezgland or ‘not, is not
determined, norte differ from Herns, in that the Claw of the middle
‘Toe is not ferrate_as in Herns; fecondly, in Bignefs, wherein they ex
ceed them; third]; y> in having a fhorter Bill; and fourthly, a mufculous
Stomach or Gizzard: Gfthly, two Appendices or blind Guts, whereas
Herns have but one; fixthly, in the ftrange Revolution of the Wind-
pipe within,

at

The

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ae: )
The Spoonbill. Albardeola.

Numb. LXVI.

“TTS Weight forty five Ounces and a half; its Length, from the Tip of the Bill to

the End of the Claws, was thirty four Inches, to the End of the Tail twenty
four; the Colour of the whole Body was white like a Swan's: beyond the Eyes
towards the Bill grow neither Feathers nor Down, as in the Herm and Cormorant;
the Angle alfo of the lower Chap is bare, which perchance is peculiar and proper to
this Bird.

The firft quill Feathers of the Wings are black, of the fecond only the exteriour
or outer Web half from the Shafts and the Tips of the interiour are black, of the
third only the Top, and of the fourth yet lefs: in like manner the Tips and Shafts of
the inferiour of the fecond Row were black; the Tail is fhort, being but three Inches
and a half in Length, made up of twelve Feathers.

The Bill is of a fingular and unufual Figure, plain, deprefled, and broad, near the
End dilated into an almoft circular Figure of the Likenefs of a Spoon; whence alfo
the Bird itfelf is called by the Low Dutch, Leplaer, that is Spoon Bill; the broad
Part of the Bill is graven with twelve or fourteen Lines or Crevifes, but its inward
Surface is {mooth and even, without any fuch Lines or Gravings.

The Bills of the young ones are of a yellowifh white, of the old ones black; the
Tongue is fharp and little; the Legs half way up the fecond Joint are bare of Fea-
thers, of a chefnut Colour; the Feet ftrong, the fore Toes joined together by a mem-
brane, the outmoft and middiemoft to the fecond Joint, the middlemoft and inmof
no further than the firft; the Toes and Claws black.

It had a large Gall, the Guts had many Revolutions, above the Stomach the Gullet
was dilated into a Bag, whofe inward Surface was rough and uneven, with many
papillary Glandules.

Its Eggs are of the Bignefs of large Hen’s Egos, white and powdered with a few
fanguine or pale red Spots.

Ina certain Grove at a Village, called Sevenhuys, not far from Leyden in Holland,
they build and bread yearly in great Numbers on the Tops of high Trees, where
are alfo Herns and Night-Ravens,.¢xc. when the young ones are almoft fledged, thofe
that farm the Grove, with Hooks on the Tops of long Poles, pull them down. I
was obliged to Mrs. Legrand for the Sight of this Bird.

ban The

( 62)
The Ni vehi -Ravew. Ardea cinerea minor,
“Numb. LXVIL

°'T is fomewhat lefs than the common Hern and hath a fhorter-
- Neck; its Bill is of a yellowifh green towards the Bafe; the Point:
and ‘upper Side of the upper Mandible black, the Noftrils oblong; the

Trides of the Eyes of an orange Colour; the green Colour from the Bill 4

encompafies the back Part of the Eyes ending in a Point; a white Line
is extended from the Bill round the green; the Crown of the Head is.
black, from the hinder- part of which it hath a Creft of three white
Feathers, five Inches long hanging down over the Back, whereby it dif

‘fers from all other Birds ; the upper P fide of the Neck i¢ofa pale yellowith:
brown; the Chin white, the under fide of the Neck, Breaft, and Belly
oeieitls with a faint Tin@ure of brown; the Wings sand Tail dark Afh-

colour, the Edges of the Feathers of a ferrugineous red Colour; the “a

Back of a dark green, inclining to a black; the Legs and Feet yellow,
and bare about an Inch above the Knees; the outmoft Toe connected
with the middle one by an intervening Membrane from the Divarication to-
the firft Joint; the Claw of the middle Toe ferrate on the inner fide,
asin the common Herz.

It hath a great Gall, a large Stomach glandulous within but not + leh
or maiealene in w ich was fone hc She! ls of Beetles; in the middle.
of the Bone, called the Merry- Thought, is an Appendix. ‘This Bird.
builds in high Trees near Sevenhuys in Holland, and lays white Eggs.

I was obliged to Sir Thomas Lowther for this curious Bird, and fe-- 4

veral others.
GOSS x.
Sas Soo

The

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The QWWCLL ae Llor friar or Eemiale Totrnra
ee ‘ :

a gt 28 03 )
The Totauus or Red-leg’d Horfeman: |

Numb. LXVII, LXIX.

| ae Weight was eight Ouncés; the Length, from: the Point of the

Bill to the End of the Claws, fixteen Inches and a half; Breadth,
when the Wings were expanded, twenty four Inches. This Bird is:
what the French call Chevalier aux Pieds rouges, the red-legged Hor/e--
man; its Bill was about two Inches long and lender, redifh at the Bafe
and black at the Point, the Noftrils eblong; the Tongue. fharp,.

_-flender, and undivided.

The Top of the Head, and upper Part of the Neck are of a light brown;-
the middle of the Feathers fomething darker; the Feathers of the Back,

and covert Feathers of the Wings in the middle black, then brown and

edged with white, which continues down to within an Inch and a.

half of the Tail, then all white for about an Inch more, then intervenes

between that and the Tip of the ‘Tail, a Stripe of brown, then black,

and laftly white; moft of the quill Feathers of the Wings are black,.

reaching, when clofed, about a quarter of an Inch farther than the Tail;

the Feathers of the baftard Wing are of a dark brown with cinereous
Edges, and covers the Tail within a quarter of an Inch; the whole under-

Side white.

The Legs were long, and of a pale redifh orange Colour, bare above-
the Knee; the fore Toes long, the Claws {mall and black;. the back.
Toe very {fmall, having a very little Claw. ‘This Bird was fhot by Sir
Robert Abdy, on the fandy Bank of a River in Effex, and. was not
much ufed to the Sight of Men, it letting him come within ten Yards
of it before he fired at it, and did not offer to fly away. The Hen is:
much of the fame Colour of the Cock, the Legs excepted, which are

af a green Colour,

The

( 64 ) |
The Godwit, or Yarwelph. Aigocephalus.

Nim

(Es Weight was eleven Ounces and a half; Length, from the Point

of the Bill to the End of the Claws, feventeen Inches and a half;
Breadth, when the Wings were extended, twenty eight Inches and a half;
the Feathers of the Head are of a redifh Colour, their middle Parts
being black ; above and below the Eyes of a pale yellowifh Tin@ure;
the Neck, Throat, and Breaft are redifh, with tranfverfe Lines of
black, edged with pale yellow, the Bill of a fordid white with faint tranf-
verfe Lines of a blackifh Colour: in the Hen the Throat and Neck are
grey; the Rump is white, powderd with blackifh Specks.

The great Feathers of the Wings are black with white Shafts; this
Bird had abroad Bar of white acrofs the middle of the firft, fecond, and
third Feathers, the reft of the firft Row and thofe of the fecond have redith
afh-coloured Tips and Edges; the lefler covert Feathers of the Wings
are of like Colour with the Body; the Tail Feathers are in Number
twelve, all crofied alternately with black and white Lines; the middle-
moft, which are the longeft, being three Inches and a quarter, the reft
on each Side in Order fomewhat fhorter, the exteriour than the interiour.

The Bill is of a pale dilute redifh Colour at the Bafe, black at the
Point, longer for the Bignefs of the Bird than the Swzpe’s or Woodcock’s ;
the upper Mandible a little longer than the lower; the Tongue fharp,
the Noftrils oblong, the Ears great; the Legs are not very long, naked
to the middle of the fecond Joint; the Claws black: the Claw of the
middle fore Toe is on the infide thinned into an Edge; the outer Toe
is joined to the middle one from the Rife to the firft Joint by a pretty
thick Membrane of a dusky or dark green Colour.

It lives and feeks its Food on the fandy Shores by the Sea-fide, which
for a great Space are uncovered when the Tide is out, where it walks
up and down on the Sands in open View like the Gu//.

The

5 A yoces heals Lhe Godt

65 )
The Barker.
Numb. LXXL

“His Bird, when meafured, was from the Point of the Bill to the End
of the Tail twenty three Inches and a Quarter, to the End of the
laws twenty nine and a half; Breadth, when the Wings were expanded,
thirty nine Inches; the Head and upper part of the Neck cinereous, with
{mall black Spots interfperfed here and there; the Back, covert and {ca~
pular Feathers of the Wings dark, redifh, brown, their Edges and Tips.
white; the Quill- Feathers black; the Edges of the exterior Webs white;
_ the whole under fide a dusky white, with a Tincture of yellow; the Tail
is made up of twelve fhort Feathers of a dusky brown Colour, regularly
ftriped with White on both the Webs.

The Legs long, and bare above Knee, both Legs and Feet are of a
cinereous Colour, with a Tincture of green and dusky yellow; the hind
Claw very fhort. .

Its Places of feeding are in the falt Marfhes near the Sea. It is a ti-
morous Bird, not fuffering any Man to come near it, therefore feeks its.
Food in the Night, moft of the Marfh Birds being no€turnal. I was:
credibly informed by a Man, which goes often to the Decoys, that it
makes a Noife like the barking of a Dog, from which they give it the
Name of the Barker. I take it to be the Berge of Bellonius, which the
French call Petit Corliew, who fays it hath a Cry like a Goat. It is:
efteemed a delicate Bird by the French, iy

Ss: rhe

) \ (66,) i.
The Weater-Hen or More-Hen.- Gallinula chloropee

major. ie
Numb. LXXII.

HE Cock weighed fifteen Ounces, the Hentwelve; from the Point of the Bill

to the End of the Feet was feventeen Inches anda quarter, to the End of the Tail
thirteen Inches and a half; Breadth, when the Wings were extended, twenty two
Inches and a half; the Bill was ftreight about an Inch long; the nether Chap, as far
as the Angle, of a pale yellow, then red; the upper lefs yellow at the End; about the
Noftrils, and to the End of the bald Paint red; the bald Part is round and ends at the
Top of the Head, being like that of the Coot, fave that a Coot’s is white, but this is
ted; the rednefs on the Bill is as it were plaiftered on, and may be feraped off ; the
red Part of the Bill is feparated from the yellow by a round Circumference a little
elevated, fo that in the middle of the Bill it is produced further than on the Sides;
the Tongue is pretty broad, not cloven, rough at the End; the Irides of the Eyes are
red, the lower Eye-lid is not feathered : [in the young Birds, neither the Bill, nor the
bald Spot in the Forehead are red] the Legs are green, the Claws of a dark brown near
black, indifferently long; the Toes long, as in the Coot, the middle the longeft, nexe
the outmoft, all broader and plainer below than in the other cloven-footed Birds, for
the ufe of fwimming ; the back Toe is broad, ferving perchance as a Rudder to
fteer and dire&t their Courfe; the Legs are feathered almoft downto the Knees, be-
tween the Feathers and the Joint marked with a-red Spot.

From the Shoulders or fetting on of the Wing, all along its Bafe or Ridge, and to
the very Ends of the Feathers, runs a line of white ; the longer Feathers under the
Wings are curioufly adorned with white Spots or Lines tending downwards; the Breaft
is of a lead Colour ; ; under the Tail are white Feathers; as it fwims or walks it often
flirts up its ‘Tail, and fhews the white, efpecially when it puts down its Head to pick
up any thing; the Back and lefier Row of wing Feathers approach to a ferrugineous
Colour, elfe it is all over blackifh: in the Male the Feathers under the Tail are
whiter, the Belly more cinereous, and the Back more ferrugineous.

Its Liver is fmall, Gall-bladder great, the Gall wichin being of a greenifh black
Colour. Ic will feed very fat, its Flefh is very well tafted, and even comparable to
that of Zea/. It gets its Food on graffy Banks and Borders near Waters, and in the
very Waters, efpecially if they be weedy, feeding (I believe) on fuch Infeéts as it
finds among the weeds. It builds on low Trees and Shrubs by the Water fides, breeding
twice or thrice in a Summer, and when the Young ones are grown up, it drives them
away to fhift for themfelves. Ins Eggs are fharp at one End, white with a Tin@ure of
green, {potted with redifh fpots; it Waikee with its Bill like a Hen; it fits upon Boughs
and flaggy Places of the Rivers, but thofe only that are thick, and near the Water; it
lives about Motes, and great Pools of Water near Gentlemen’s Houfes. It flies with its
Feet, hanging down, it is narrow bodied, and very much oe fideways (this is
e¢ommon to all of this Kind) contrary to the Duck Kind, whole Bodies are broad, flat,

and deprefied,
The

aN

a

Gailliniili Chlore

VOUS -

The Smile titer Plen .

( 67) |
The [mall Water-Hen. Poliopus Gallinula minor.
Namb. LXXHI

TS Length, from the Point of the Bill to the End of the Tail, twelve

Inches and a half; Breadth, when the Wings are expanded, four-
teen Inches; Weight three Ounces and three quarters; it is in Shapé
like the. Water-Rail, but lefs.

The Bill fhorter than either the Razl’s or More-hen's, comprefled, or
nartow, fharp-pointed ; the under Mandible and towards the Bafe in the
upper is redifh or orange Colour, the reft of the Bill dusky ; the Noftrils
{mall, and of an oblong Figure; the Irides of the Eyes white, above
the Eyes on each Side is drawn a line of white.

The Head is of a dark brown with a Tinéture of red; the upper
Side of the neck, Back, and Wings, were of the fame Colour, with
traniverfe indented Lines of white at intervals; the Breaft and Belly of
a pale yellowith hair Colour; on each Side below the Wings, wasa Row
of tranfverfe Lines of black; the lower Part of the Belly, near the Vent,
was of a fordid redifh Guigun

The Tail is fhort confifting of faelee Feathers, of the fame Colour of
the Quill-Feather 8; and ees is efpecially remarkable in the Tail is, that
when fpread, it is not plain as in moft Birds, but notably concave; the
middle Feathers longer than the reft, their lateral Edges have fome-
thing of white.

The Legs, and Feet are of the Ga Colour and Figure, with the
common W ater-Flens, viz. a fordid green; the Toes very long, and di-
vided to the Bottom; the hind Toe very fhort.

This Bird was Brobehe me by William Lydal, from Newgate-market,
which he bought there amongit other wild Fowl.

The

(68)
The Sanderling, called alfo Curwillet about Penfance ia
| Cornwal.

Numb. LXXIV.

It weighs two Ounces. Its Length from the point of the Bill to the
* end of the Claws is eight Inches and a half, to the end of the Tail
but eight Inches; its Breadth when the Wings are extended fixteen Inches ;
it is rather long than round-bodied.

The Bill is ftreight, black, flender, an Inch long; the upper Man-
dible a little longer than the nether; the Tongue extended to the end of
the Bill; the Noftrils oblong; the Ears great ; the Legs, Feet and Claws.
black ; and which is efpecially remarkable, it wants the back Toe; the
fore Toe disjoined from the very rife.

The Head is fmall, party-coloured, of cinereous brown and black ; the
Neck, middle of the Back, the Shoulders and fcapular Feathers are of a
lovely brown Colour; in fome various, of black and white, and in others of
black and afh-colour; the Tail is of the fame Colour, with white Edges.

Each Wing hath twenty two Quill-Feathers ; the four outmoft (exeept-
ing the Shafts which are white) all of a dark Colour, almoft black; the
reft have their upper Halves, as far as they appear; above the fecond
Row, brown or dusky Colour, the lower white; howbeit thefe Colours do
not divide all the Feathers equally, but from the fifth the white is gra-
dually increafed, fo that in the twentieth it takes up almoft the whole
Feather. The next following after the tenth have alfo their Tips white;
the firft row of covert Feathers (next the Quills) have white Tips; which
when the Wing is fpread, make a long tranfverfe white Line, broader and
broader, by Degrees from the beginning; the Feathers near the Ridge of
the Wing, and on the outmoft Joynt, are all dusky; in the Cocks almoft
black, of the fame Colour with the middle of the Back; the Wings when
clofed reach as far, or further than the Tail itfelf, which is fhort of about:
two Inches long, confifting of twelve Feathers.

The whole Belly, and under fide of the Wings, as white as Snow ; in.
fome the Breaft is fpotted, or clouded with brown, in others no Spots; the
blind Guts are an Inch and half long ; the Stomach not very mufculous.
Thefe Birds live on the fandy Shores of the Sea; there is a great many of
them onthe Sea Coafts of Cornwall. The

The Sanides tng

‘ Cilepwatritas Te aaarntis aK al SCALIOC OF MU er,
t a at

( 69 )
The great Sea-Loon or ‘Diver. Colymbus maximus,

Numb. LXXYV.

TS Weight was three Pounds four Ounces; its Length from the Point

of the Bill to the End of the Claws, twenty feven Inches ; Breadth
when the Wings were expanded, three Foot eight Inches; the Bill, from
the Tip to the Angles of the Mouth, was two Inches three Quarters long:
the Feathers invefting the whole Body were fine, foft, and thick; the
Head and Neck brown; the Back darker; the Sides and lower Belly near
the Tail dusky; the Breaft and Belly of a Silver Colour. It wholly wants
the Tail; each Wing hath about thirty QuilleFeathers, of which the out-
moft twelve are blackifh; the Tip of the thirteenth is white; and the
Tops of the following, in order more and more'to the twentieth; after
which the next four are wholly white; the twenty fifth towards the Tip is
brown, and in the twenty fixth the white Ends; the leffer Rows of Wing-
Feathers underneath are white. 5

The Bill is redifh, narrow, compreffed fide-ways, about the Point
whitifh; the Tongue long, and a little cloven; the Eyes ofa dark Colour,
with fome mixture of red; its Claws were broad like the Nails of a Man’s.
Hand, black onone fide, on the other of a pale blew or afh-colour; the
outmoft Toe the longeft; the Legs broad, flat, ferrate behind, with a
double Row of Afperities ; the Toes are broad, bordered on each fide with:
appendant Membranes, but not web’d together.

It hath no Labyrinth onthe Wind-pipe: That we have defcribed had a
great Gall, a large Stomach, almoft round, and therein was found Sea
Weeds and Fifth Bones: This Bird I had from Sir Thomas Abdy, who took:
it alive in a Net.

T The

(090) »
The Dobchick. Colymbus minor.

Numb, LXXVI.
“ae Shape of its Body is like that of the Tea/, but lefier by almoft a third Part ;

its Weight was feven Ounces and three quarters; Length, from the Tip of the
Bul to the End of the Claws, ten Inches and a half; Breadth, when the Wings were
extended, was fixteen Inches and a half; its Bill, from the Point to the Angles of the
Mouth, is one Inch, ftreight, tharp, almoft like a Thru/b’s Bill, thicker at the Head,
and leflening by Degrees to the Point; the upper Chap black, excepting only its Tip

and Sides, which are of a white or pale yellow, as is alfo the whole lower Mandible. —

The Tongue is long, fharp, like the Bill, and cloven; the Noftrils are a little remote
from the Feathers; the Eyes great with hazel coloured Irides; the whole Body is in-
wetted with a thick and foft Plumage or Down, efpecially on the under Side; its Colour
on the Back is a dusky or dark brown, on the Belly a white or rather filver Colour ;
the Chin white, the Head and Neck darker than the Belly, lighter than the Back; the
‘Throat and Sides of the Neck are a little red; the lower Belly of a fordid dusky Co-
Jour; the Thighs have a little mixture of red; the Neck is flender, {carce fan hand’s
Breadth long; its Wings are fmall and concave, each having twenty fix Quill-Feathers,
the twelve outmoft are of a moufe dun or blackifh brown; the interiour to the twenty
third party coloured, the outer Webs being dusky, the inner partly white, the white
Part being in the nearer to the Body, broader, in the more remote Feathers, narrower ;
as for the lefler Row of Wing-Feathers, thofe above are black, thofe beneath white;
it hath no Tail at all, but yet hath the Rump-glandules, though leffer than ordinary,
out of which fprings a Brufh, or Tuft of Feathers, as in other Birds; the Legs are fi-
tuate very backwards at the End of the Body, made rather for fwimming than walk-
ing (fo that it cannot walk but with the Body ere& almoft perpendicularly) compreffed

or flat, of a fordid green Colour, ferrate behind with a double Row of Afperities; ~

the Soles of the Feet are black; the Feet are divided. into three broad Toes, finned on
each fide with lateral Membranes, having thin, broad, blunt Claws like human Nails, yet
are the Toes joined together by intervening Membranes from the Divarication to the
firft Joint; ic hath a {mall back Toe, finned in like Manner on each Side, two blind

Guts of a moderate Length, no Labyrinth on the Wind-pipe, a membranaceous Stomach, ~

ftrong mufculous Thighs, by the help whereof it {wims very fwiftly, diving down to
the Bottom, and rifing again at Pleafure. From the Make and Conformation of its
Parts, it moves with more Eafe and Expedition under Water, than either upon the Sur-
face of the Water, or upon the Land. As foon as it is rifen above Water, it holds up
its Head, looks about it, and with wonderful Celerity plunges it felf under Water again;
it can hardly raife itfelf up out of the Water, but when it is once gotten upon the
Wing, it can hold out flying a long time. The Stomach of one diflected, was full of
Grafs and Weeds; Bellonivs faith, it willingly feeds upon Fifhes, being roafted fmells
very ftrong, and is not very agreeable to the Tafte,

The

lolym tus Minor Lhe Dob Cpick

ie

ee ee.
iy in Snr

z

“4
4
+ 4
5
=o

we Meenicoper us The Flamengo aes

(71)
The Flammant. Phoenicopterus.
Numb. LXXVII.

TS Length, from the tip of the Bill to the end of the Claws was four
Foot ten Inches and a half; Breadth four Foot; the Legs fixteen
Inches from the Knee to the end of the middle Claw ; its Bill five Inches
and a Quarter long, of a fingular Shape; the upper Mandible is flat and
broad, crooked and toothed; the lower thicker than the upper ; the Tip
black, in the young Birds of a dark blew.

It is two Years before it arrives to its perfect Colour, at which time it
is entirely red, except the prime Feathers of the Wings, which are black,
when it is at its full bignefs; its Weight is two Pounds fix Ounces and a
half; its Legs are long, and of a red Colour, bare of Feathers a good
way above the Knees; the Toes webbed together; the Claws black.

Thefe Birds make their Nefts on Hillocks in fhallow Water, on which
they fit with their Legs extended downward. They breed on the Coafts of
Cuba and the Bahama Mlands, and frequent the falt Water; a Man, by con-
- cealing himfelf from their fight, may kill great Numbers of them, for they
will not rife at the report of a Gun; neither is the fight of thofe killed
clofe by them, fufficient to terrify the reft, and warn them of the Danger;
but they ftand gazing, and_as it were aftonifhed, till they are moft or all
of them killed. When they feed (which is always in fhallow Water) by
bending their Neck, they lay the upper part of their Bill next the Ground,
their Feet being in continual Motion up and down inthe Mud; by which
they raife a {mall round fort of Seed or Grain, refembling Millet, which
they receive into their Bill; and as there is a Necefflity of admitting into
their Mouths fome Mud, Nature has provided the Edges of their Bill
with fine Teeth like thofe of a Comb, with which they retain the Food,
and reje& the Mud that is taken in with it. This Account Mr. Catesby
had from Perfons of good Credit, but cannot pofitively affirm it to be
true, having never feen them feed; neither doth he contradi& the Opi-
nion of their feeding on Fifth, Nature having made fome of our Birds,
viz. the Shovelar, with an exquifite fine toothed Bill, which preys on Fith,
which I have found in the Stomachs of thofe I have difle@ed. This Bird
» Thad fent me by William Archer Efg; who had it from Sir Robert Wal-
pole's, where it had been kept alive.in the Kitchen fome time,

The

(72)
The Puffin or Coulternib. Pica marina.

Numb. LXXVII, LXXIX.

T is not fo big as the tame Duck; its Length, from the Point of the Bill to the End of the

Feet, twelve Inches ; Breadth, when the Wings are extended, twenty fix Inches; its Bill is fhort,
broad, and comprefled fide-ways, contrarily to the Bills of Ducks, of a triangular Figure, and
ending in a fharp Point; the upper Mandible arcuate, and crooked at the Point, where it is
joined to the Head a certain callous Subftance encompafies its Bafe, as in Parrots. Between
this callous Body, and the firft Furrow are long Holes; the Bill is of two Colours, near the
Head cinereous or livid, towards the Point red: it hath three Furrows or Groves impreffed in it,
one in the livid Part, two in the red; the Mouth is yellow within, the Eyes grey or afh-coloured,
the Eye-lids are ftrengthened with a black Cartilage, in the lower is a carnous protuberance of
a livid Colour, in the upper a fmall triangular Excrefcency of the fame Colour. :

The Top of the Head, Neck, and Back are black; the Breaft and Belly white, a Ring or
Moffler of black produced from the Neck, encompaffes the Throat; the Sides of the Head from
the Crown to the now mentioned Muffler are white, with a Mixtute of yellow and Afh-colour,.
fo that the Eyes and Ears are included in thefe white Spaces ; the Wings are {mall made up of
Short Feathers, neverthelefs near the Superficies of the Water they fly very fwiftly; their Flight
is helped by dipping or wetting their Wings as they fly; the Tail is two Inches long, made up
of twelve Feathers all black ; the Stomach within is yellow, the Liver is divided into two Lobes,
with a Gall annexed; the Cock is fomewhat darker than the Hen.

The Legs and Feet are yellowifh red, or orange Colour, fituate backwards as in the Doukers
or Loons, fo that the Bird ftands or walks almoft perpendicularly ereéted upon the Tail; ic
wants the back Toe, the inmoft of the fore Toe is the fhorteft; the Claws are of a dark blue
inclining to black.

They build no Neft, but lay their Eggs upon the bare Ground; they breed in Holes under
Ground, which either they dig for themfelves or borrow of the Rabbits, whom they drive out
and difpofiefs of their Burrows. They lay but one Ege a piece (which is efpecially remarkable):
but if you take away the Egg out of any Neft, that Bird will lay a fecond, if you move that, a
third, and fo onto the fifth. The Eggs are very large for the Bignefs of the Bird, even bigger
than Hens or Ducks, of a redifh or fandy Colour, much fharper at one End than Hen’s Egos,
and blunter at the other. In the Iflands of Man, Bardjey, Caldey, Farn, Godreve, Sillies, and
other {mall defert Iflands near the Sea-fhore they breed yearly in great Numbers; and not only
in Ifands, but alfo on Rocks and Cliffs by the Sea-fide, about Scarborough, Tenby, and elfe-
where.

In the Summer Time they abide in the Places mentioned, being bufy in breeding, and feeding
their Young. In the beginning of Autumn they fly away, returning again the next Spring 5
whither they fly or where they fpend their Winter is not known.

It is reported, that in the latter End of March, or Beginning of April, there come over firft fome
Spies or Harbingers, which ftay fome two or three Days, as it were to view and fearch out the
Places they ufed to breed in, to fee whether all be well ; which done they depart, and about the
beginning of May return again with the whole Troop of their Fellows ; but if the Seafon happen
to be ftormy, or tempettuous, and the Sea troubled, there are abundance of them found caft upon
the Shores, lean and perifhed with Famine ; for they cannot, unlefs the Sea be calm, either pro-
ceed in their Journey, or fifh for their living. In Auguft they all depart, nor are they feen any.
where about our Coafts till the next Spring,

The

ee ae *
Sipe ome aed

UTE
|

Cniadsetrcelica

| G he Leypin or

=S

VL
> Coullrnil

lo LE000L Lb Groenlandica

The Cock Greenland Dove

7

(738%)
The Greenland Dove-Cock.

INDY) EXO:

HIS is Bird like the Coulternel but lefs ; its Bill longer,

not comprefled fideways, fharp-pointed, a little crook-

ed at the End, and prominent; the Eyes black, the Irides
yellow ; it hath a large white Spot on the covert Feathers
of each Wing, elfe it is all over black, of the Colour of
the Coot. In each Wing was twenty feven Quill-Feathers;
the Legs and Feet were of a beautiful red Colour ; I found

this to be a Cock by diflecting of him.

- . The Bill of the Hen is of a jet black, and like that of
the Cock; the Irides of the Eyes yellow ; the Head, Neck,
Back, covert Feathers of the Wings and ‘Tail are of a dusky
black, the Quill Feathers more dilute. |

The whole under fide of the Belly, as far as the lower
part of the Neck, and under the Wings white.

The Legs and Feet are of an afh-colour ; the Toes are
webbed together; thefe Birds want the back Toe; they
build in the Holes of Rocks and lay two Eggs, and are found
in plenty on the Coafts of Scotland and Wales. See the
- Hen of this Kind in Vol. I. Plate the 85th.

x COO5.x
aie

U The

: (74)
Lhe Cormorant. Corvus aquaticus,
Numb. LXXXI.

PES Weight was three Pounds and three Ounces; the Length, from

the Point of the Bill to the End of the Tail, two foot four Inches;
Breadth three Foot fix Inches: in Bignefs it is not much inferiour to a
Goofe; it is of a dusky obfcure brown Colour all over the Body, ex-
cepting under the Chin, and round the Eyes it is of a fordid white in-
clining to a yellow: the Bill is like that of the Shag, three Inches and
a half long, hooked at the End, of aredifh yellow; the upper Mandible
having fharpe Edges, the Sides of the lower Mandible compreffed and
broad; the Tongue very fmall hardly to be perceived; the Eyes fituate
nearer the Aperture of the Mouth than in moft other Birds, having ci-
nereous Circles about the Pupil.

The Tail is compofed of fourteen ftiff hard Feathers five Inches and
a half long, when {pread, ending in a round Circumference, being con-
cave on the under fide, not being in any Part covered with Feathers
either above or beneath: the Legs are ftrong, thick, but very fthort,
broad, and flat; (at leaft in the Young ones) the Feet and Claws
black, covered with a Skin, not divided into perfeé Scales, but can-
cellated. It hath four Toes in each foot all webbed together by a broad
black Membrane, like the E/h’s. "

The Stomach is membranaceous, but its upper Part thick and glan-
dulous; within were Bones of Fifhes which it had devoured, and one
Fith entire, which was a fmall Codfith; alfo many little long blackith
Worms of the Figure of Earth-Worms, Mr. Willoughby allo found the
like Worms in the Stomach of a Young one, which he got at Sevenbuys
in Holland, where many of this Kind build upon ‘Trees: the Guts
were long having many Revolutions; the blind Guts very fmall, the
Liver large divided into two Lobes, the right one the bigger. It is
infefted with Lice of a pale red Colour haying a great black Spot in the
middle of their Backs,

The

le

For nas CE oo

Py

Corts Melts WA WZ C7 WORM

The clover yooted Cull.

———~ 2 ie

—————————————————————

(75)
The cloven-footed Gull.
Numb. LXXXII.

TS Weight was feven Ounces and a half; the Length,

from the Point of the Bill to the End of the Tail,
was fixteen Inches and a half; Breadth, when the Wings
were extended, thirty fix Inches; Its Bill was ftreight
and black at the Point, the reft of a yellowifh white Co-
lour, having no Nob on the lower Mandible, in which
it differs from moft of the other Gulls; the Noftrils ob-
long; the Eyes black; the Head, Throat, Breaft, Belly,
and Thighs were of a fordid yellowifh white, clouded and
{potted with a blueifh Afh-colour on the Breaft and upper
fide of the Neck. The Wings were fomething longer
than the Tail; the Number of prime Feathers in each
Wing was about twenty eight, the firft four of a dusky
brown, the reft of the quill Feathers of a light brownifh
Colour with cinereous Edges, as was alfo the Back and
all the covert Feathers of the Wings; the under fides of
the fame Colour but more dilute.

The ‘Tail was five Inches long, made up of twelve
Feathers of a dusky brown Colour, with a broad black
Border at the Ends: the Legs were bare above the fe-
cond Joint; both Legs and Feet of a pale fea green Co-
lour; the Toes of a more dusky green inclining to an
Ath-colour, bordered on each Side with lateral Mem-
branes and joined at the Bottom; the Claws black. Three
of thefe Birds I bought of a Poulterer, vis. two Hens and
one Cock, but could not perceive any Difference in the

Shape, Bignefs, or Colours of them.
The

(:76))

The great grey Gull, Larus albo-cinereus torque cinereo, —

Numb. LXXXIII.

TS Weight was one Pound fourteen Ounces and a,half; Length, from the Point of

the Bill to the End of the Tail, twenty one Inches and a half; its Breadth, when
the Wings were extended, fifty three Inches; its Colour on the Back and upper fide of
the Neck were grey mixed with whitifh and brown; the Feathers on the Back are
black in the middle and afh-coloured about the Edges; the Rump Feathers incumbent
on the Tail are for the moft part white, only fpotted in the middle with brown; the
forepart of the Head, Throat, Breaft, Belly, and Thighs were white.

Each Wing hath thirty Quill-Feathers of a dark brown, in fome black, the leffer
Rows of wing Feathers were alfo brown; the Tail is fix Inches and a half long con-
fifting of twelve Feathers, the outmoft Tips of the upper fide of which were white,
then fucceeds a crofs Bed or Bar of black of about two Inches broad, the under fide
is varied with tranfverfe Bars of a dusky Colour. , ,

The Bill is almoft three Inches long, all black, the upper Chap bending a little
downward and as it were hooked; the lower, between the Angle and the Tip under-
neath, bunches out into a Knob; the Noftrils oblong, the Eyes grey, the Neck fhort,
the Head great, which in walking or ftanding ftill it always draws down to its Shoulders,
as do alfo all other Gu//s, fo that one would think they had no Neck.

Its Legs and Feet are of an orange Colour; the Claws black, that of the middle Toe
fharp on the infide.

It hath a huge Liver divided into two Lobes, a Gall annexed to the right Lobe, The
Stomach more mufculous than in carnivorous Birds; the blind Guts fhort but little, yet
turgid and full of Excrements.

The Cornifb Men relate for a Truth, that this Bird is wont to perfecute and ter-
rify the Sea-Swallows, and other fmall Guwi/s fo long till they mute for fear; and then
catches their Excrements before they fall into the Water, and greedily devours them as
a great Dainty: but I rather believe, they take from them the Fith which they have be-
fore taken, caufing them to caft it up out of their Stomachs, which example I have
feen in the We/t-Indies, of the Bird called the Man of War and the Booby; which laft as
foon as he has taken a Prey, the other perfecutes him till he has thrown it up, which
he catches in the Air immediately.

The

sat Rea
‘ z . ~ a .
a Rees ae ae
i BE aa =e ee oe
= . x > aT Sa Ss
— " =o 4 ee = a == an. aoe

“ee

se

ISS SES =

}
fe
ty
y y,
oi

————

DL ay tts Gl pews Wig Utes LVhe groal grey Gull

C77)
The white Gull.

Numb. LXXXIV.

t. Weight was eight Ounces and three quarters; the
Length, from the Point of the Bill to the End of
the Tail, was fifteen Inches and a half; the Breadth,
* when the Wings were expanded, thirty fix Inches; its
Bill redifh and fomething bending at the Point, the lower
Mandible bunching out into an Angle; the Noftrils oblong ;
the Eyes black, the Irides white with a Circle of Afh-co-
lour; the Head, Throat, Breaft, and Belly white, witha
faint Tincture of yellow; the Back and covert Feathers
of the Wings afh-colour; the prime Feathers of the
Wings black, with their Edges and Tips white, fhooting
beyond the Tail about two Inches ; the Tail was five Inches
long, compofed of twelve white Feathers of equal Length.

The Legs and Feet were of a fordid green, bare above
the Knees; the back Toe fmall, the Claws fmall and of
an obfcure dusky Colour. ,

This Gull and moft of the fmall Kind are very ufe-
full in Gardens to deftroy Worms, and Infects: it was
brought me alive. [I kept it fome time, feeding it
fometimes on fmall Pieces of Liver and the Guts of
Chickens ; at other Times with {mall Sprats, and Bits of
other frefh Fihh.

cays

xX The

(73) )
The brown Gull.
Numb. LXXXV.

rs Weight was eight Ounces; Length, from the point
of the Bill to. the End of its Tail, fixteen Inches;
Breadth, when the Wings were expanded, three Foot two
Inches. It is not like a Gull in any thing fave the. Bil
and Legs; the Bill is of a horn-colour, one Inch and a
half long, and of a moderate Thicknefs: the Tip which —
1s hooked, black; the Noftrils oblong ; the Eyes little ;
the Trides yellow ; the Head, Neck, Back, and covert
Feathers of the Wings of a dusky brown; the Breaft and
Belly more dilute with tranfverfe Lines of brown ; the
prime Feathers of the Wings black, as was alfo the Calle
the Legs and Feet of a dusky yellowith Colour, and bare |
above the Knees; the back Toe fimall, the Claws black. mat

This Bird was fent me by Sir Ribere Abdy. It was ie
found dead in his Park, and by its Leannefs it was fup- _
pofed to have loft it felf It feems to be a non-defcript —
Bird: the Cepphus of Aldrovandus, mentioned by Wal-
loughby, Pag. 351. has fomewhat like its Bill, but differs

in other Points quite.

The

et. Le nies ane ae
Pes i Sure Sh),
iY ee

£
a1)

th arid Lifeus bpd POISE Sued

The brown haded Gull

(79)
The brown headed Gull.
Numb. LXXXVI

FITS Weight was feven Ounces and a half; Length,

from the Point of the Bill to the End of the Tail,
was fixteen Inches ; Breadth, when the Wings were ex-
tended, thirty eight Inches; its Bill was red, fharp-pointed
and a little bending; the under Mandible bunches out
into an Angle; the Eyes are black, the Irides red, and
encompafled with a broad Circle of white Feathers ; the

| Head and Throat were of a brownifh Colour, towards
/ the Neck more dusky, as it were ending in a Shadow.

Mh. whole Body is white with a Tincture of pale yel-

lowifh green, excepting the Back and outer covert Fea-
thers of the Wing, which were afh-coloured; the prime
Feathers of the Wings were black, their exteriour Webs
white. :

The Tail was almoft five Inches long, made up of
twelve white Feathers of equal Length.

Its Legs and Feet were of the fame Colour of the Bill;
the Claws black, crooked, and fmall; the back Toe fimall.
Thefe Birds are’ very frequent in the River Thames near
Gravefend, : | Lae bp) 21

ory
vibe

The

( 80 )
The Coddy Moddy. Larus hybernus.

Numb. LXXXVII.

| iets Weight was fixteen Ounces; its Length, from the Point of the
Bill to the End of the Claws, eighteen Inches; Breadth, when
the Wings were extended, forty four Inches. The lower part of the
Throat is a little dusky, elfe the under fide of the Body is all white;
the Head is white, in the hind part cinereous, having a tranfverfe black
Spot behind the Eye, and another large Mark like a Crefcent on the
back part of the Neck, encompafling it above half way; the Back ci-
nereous; the fcapular Feathers varied with black Spots; the Rump is
white, the Tail five Inches long made up of twelve Feathers; the ex-
treme Tips black, the reft of the Tail white; the outmoft Quill-Fea-
thers of the Wings are black with cinereous Tips and Edges; the leffer
covert Feathers of the Wings are of a mixt Colour of cinereous and
black, thofe on the under fide of the Wing are white.

The Bill is more than two Inches long, the upper Mandible of a
brownifh Afh-colour, longer than the nether and crooked at the End;
the nether underneath black, and bunching out into an Angle or Knob,
as in other great Gué/s; the Tongue white, cloven, reaching to the End
of the Bill; the Eyes hazel-coloured, and furnifhed with niétating Mem-
branes; the Ears great; the Legs and Feet of a dusky greenifh Colour;
the back Toe little, armed with a {mall Claw, the inner fore Toe the
leaft; the Claws black, that of the middle Toe fharp on the inner fide.

The Guts were long, being twenty eight Inches, having many fpiral
Revolutions; the Stomach mufculous; the Liver divided into two Lobes,
the Gall-bladder large. It frequents moift Meadows, Fens, and Rivers,
and fometimes plowed Lands many Miles diftant from the Sea,

The

Larus Ly berries JAS loddy Wddy

-°

|
i}
4
1
|
r
;
?

&
&
we,

Greater Seadwa

2
€

VA

DAD OP UR DPA OT”

CL WL

“A

Lis,

( 8 )
The greater Sea Swallow. Hirundo marina major.

Numb. LXXXVUHI.

WTS Weight was four Ounces and three quarters ; its Length, from the Point of the
if Bill to the End of the Tail, was fixteen Inches; Breadth, when the Wings were ex-
panded, two Foot eight Inches: its Bill is long, the upper Mandible ftreight, the under
Mandible bunches out into an Angle, at the Tip redifh, the reft black; its Mouth
within redifh, its Tongue fharp, its Crown black being terminated by a Line drawn
from the Noftrils through the Eyes to the Neck and hanging down loofe behind, fo
that above the Eyes the Head is black, under the Eyes white; the Chin, Throat,
Breaft, and Belly are whice with a faint Tincture of yellow ; the upper part of the
Neck, Top of the Back, and Wings were cinereous or afh-colour, tinctured with a for-
did yellow.

The Number of Quills in each Wing are twenty nine; the outmoft ten whereof
have their outer Webs running out into fharp Points, the reft their inner; the exte-
riour Web of the firft or outmoft Feather is blackifh or dusky; the Shaft white, and
of a notable Thicknefs; the Tips of the following, till the tenth, and the infide of all,
white: the Tail is compofed of twelve Feathers, the outmoft being fix Inches long, and
having their exteriour Webs from a cinereous to a dusky black, the two middle ones
fcarce three Inches long and white, the reft having their outer Webs cinereous, their.
inner white.

The Legs and Feet dark afh-colour; the back Toe fmall, the fore Toes web’d to-
gether as far as the Claws; the Craw large, in which was found a Gudgeon; the Giz-
-zard full of Fifh-bones; the Guts twenty Inches long, the blind Guts very fhort.

Thefe Birds flock together, and build and breed on Iflands uninhabited near to the
Sea-fhores many together in the fame Quarter. They lay. three or four Eggs either on
the Ground or a Neft made of Reeds; their Eggs are. {mall at one End, white and
{potted with a few black Spots, their Young are alfo fpotted. They often frequent
Rivers and great Pools of Water far diftant from the Sea; in Wales they call them
Spurres, and in other Places of England, they are called Scrays, from their being very
noify and clamorous. This Bird.1 had from my honourable and good Friend Sir Ro-
bert Abdy, out of Effex. :

Y The

( 82 )
The leffer Sea Swallow. Hirundo marina minor.
Numb. LXXXIX, XC.

i: Weight was two Ounces and a half; Length, from the Point of
the Bill to the End of the Tail, ten Inches; Breadth, when the
Wings were extended, twenty four Inches; the Bill, Head, Neck, and
Breaft were black, excepting a few light cinereous Feathers about the »
Eyes; the Back, Wings, and Tail were of an Afh-colour, the two laft
darker towards their Ends; the Belly and Thighs of a fordid white; the
Wings are longer than the Tail, two Inches; the Tail is fix Inches long
compofed of twelve Feathers, the middlemoft being the fhorteft, the
reft gradually encreafing to the outmoft (reprefenting the Tail of a
Swallow) from which Charaéteriftick, 1 fuppofe it took its Name, as
alfo that of its fwift Flight, and continually keeping itfelf on the Wing;
when it perceives a {mall Fith, it plunges itfelf into the Water, and catch-
ing up its Prey flies away immediately.

The Legs and Feet are red and bare of Feathers half way above the _
fecond Joint, the Claws black.

The Hen is exaétly fhaped like the Cock, but fomething lefs; the
Bill and Top of the Head black, and a Spot of the fame Colour between
the Bill and the Eyes; the reft of the Head, Throat, Breaft, and Belly,
white ; half the upper part of the Neck, the Back, Wings, and Tail
were of a dark brownifh Afh-colour; the Legs of a dirty yellow, and
bare of Feathers half way above the fecond Joint.

Its Guts were half a yard long; in the Stomach when diffected were
found Bones of Fifhes and fome fmall Fifhes not digefted. Thefe two
Birds I had from my good Friend Sir Robert Abdy.

Huunite Marie Minor DheLefier Seca Cock: Swallow.

> ss) Wi pay ae . A v4 : ? >
: fli virule Wiariue mm LL GE: fee Le efter. hea Swallon

iso ae
1

at
:

aie

bata}, shad! ail

The Mufporin Gander

Aran

is eas q

.

Lhe- Mlufcovian Goofe.

(83)
The Mofcovian Gander and Goofe.

Numb. XCI, XCII.

9 us: E Weight of the Gander was fourteen Pounds; Length, from
the Point of the Bill to the End of the Tail, was forty two Inches;
Breadth, when the Wings were expanded, fixty Inches. They are bigger
than the common Goo/e; being majeftick and flately Birds. The top
of the Head, and upper fide of the Neck are of a dark brown Co--
lour, the fides of the Face and Neck more dilute.

The Bill orange Colour; on the Bafe of the upper Mandible was a:
large round Knob of the fame Colour, the Bottom of which toward
the Head black, bordered with white; the Irides of the Eyes of a lovely
gold yellow, the Pupil black, under the Bill is a large Wallet or Bag;
the upper part of the Back is of a dusky brown, the exteriour Edges.
of the Feathers more dilute; the reft of the Body and Wings white,
except two or three dark brown Feathers, on the upper fide: of the Tail;
the Legs and Feet were of a beautiful orange Colour, the Claws black.

The Head, Neck, and Breaft of the Goofe were of a dilute dusky
Colour; the Back, Wings, and Thighs of a dark dusky brown, the ex-
teriour Edges of the Feathers of a fordid white; the Bill was of the |
fame Colour of the Gander’s, the Knob not fo large; the Irides of
the Eyes yellow, the Pupil black, the Belly white, the Legs of an
orange Colour.

Thefe fine Birds I had of a Mofcovian Merchant, who fent for
them to that Country with a Defign to propagate them here, which
he did and fold them at a great Price.

cs

The

ae

(84 )
The Ganfer.
Numb. XCIII..

HIS Bird may be claffed with thofe of the Guofe

Kind, the Bill and Feet being like them; the Top —
and back Part of the Head, Breaft, Belly, and Thighs
were of a pale yellowifh buff Colour, with a light Tinc-
ture of redifh brown, here and there in Spots, excepting
alarge Spot of redifh brown on the middle of the Breaft ;
the Bill was red, flat, and toothed like that of the Goofe ;
the Irides of the Eyes white; the forepart of the Head
round the Eyes redifh brown, with a Ring of the fame
Colour, round the upper part of the Neck, joining to the
Head ; the back part of the Head and Back were of a
redifh brown Colour; the covert and fcapular Feathers
of the Wings white, the Quill-Feathers black; the Tail
fhort and black: it was web-footed, its Legs very long,
and bare above Knee, both Legs and Feet of a red Co-
lour. Its Food was the fame with that of Geefe, eating
Grafs and Corn. My Lord Burlington was pleafed to
give me two of thefe Birds, from one of which, 1 took
this Pourtray. The Difference between the Cock and
Hen could not be diftinguifhed, neither by the Colours or
Shape,. but only by the Cock’s running to the Hen with
open Wings, clafping or embracing her round with them.
I could not find any other Name for them with the Poul-
terers, but that of Gaufer. This Bird comes the neareft to
Mr. Willoughby’s Gambo-Goofe, the Spurs in the Wings ex-
cepted, Pag. 360. Tab. 71. :
| The

OG ANREET .

e

The

Anes caudacute The kceaLlheasuntor Lintatl 4
i

eal, : Pee wy
6 ERT 9
.

Hh SO) 1 Wi hy
oo way

Sea Phcascoel LLE7t

: ( 85)
The Sea Pheafaut Cock and Hen, Anas caudacuta. _

Numb. XCIV, XCV.

TS Weight was one Pound and eight Ounces; Length, from the Point of the Bill

to the End of the Tail, twenty eight Inches ; Breadth, when the Wings are extended,
thirty feven Inches; its Head is flender; its Neck long for this Kind; of equal Breadth
almoft throughout; the nether Mandible wholly black, the upper partly blue partly
black, wz. black in the middle, on the Sides beneath the Noftrils blue, black alfo at
the Corners of the Mouth, at the very Tip, and in the lower Edges near the Tip; the
Colour of the Plumage on the whole Head is ferrugineous or brown, behind the Ears
tinétured with a light purple, beyond the Ears on each Side from the hinder part of
the Head begins a Line of white, which paffes down the fides of the Neck to the
Throat; all the Feathers between or adjacent to thefe Lines are black; under the
black the Neck is afh-coloured, then curioufly varied with tranfverfe black and white
Lines, as is alfo almoft the whole Back; the long fcapular Feathers are black in their
middle parts, but the exteriour have their outer Webs almoft to the Shafts black, their
inner (which are much the narrower) varied with white and black with a mixture of
brown in Lines; all the nether part, Neck, Breaft, and Belly to the very Vent are
white; the Thighs are light afh-colour varied with black Specks; the Feathers under
the Tail are black; the Wings, of which the ten outmoft Quills and moft of the co-
vert Feathers are of a dark cinereous inclining to a brown; in fome Birds the interiour
Edges of the feventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth Quills are white; the fecond Decade of
Quills is parti-coloured, for the Tips of all are white, or from white to red, then in the
outer Web fucceeds a black Line, the remaining Part thereof, as far as appears beyond
the incumbent Feathers, being of a glittering purple Colour; the interiour Webs of alf
are of the fame Colour with the reft of the Feathers, of the following the exteriour
Webs are cinereous, the interiour black; the covert Feathers of the fecond Row im-
mediately incumbent on the fecond decade of Quills have their Tips of a redith yellow.

The Tail is made up of fixteen Feathers all afh-coloured, excepting their exteriour
Edges, which are whitifh; the two middlemoft run out into very long and fharp Points,
their Ends black, being produced two Inches and a_ half beyond the reft, which gives
this Bird the Name of the Sea-Phea/ant, or with fome the Pintai/; its Feet are of a
dark lead Colour, it hath a {mall Labyrinth, and a great Gall. The Hen is like in Co-
Jour to the common Wild-Duck, but fairer and lighter coloured, with more full and
lively Mixtures of white and brown Colours; the Head and upper part of the Neck in-
clining to a redifh brown; the Bill and Legs of a dark lead Colour. att ees

This Bird may be diftinguifhed from all others of the Duck-Kind by the Length of
the middle Feathers of its Tail, as by a certain and characteriftick Note.

(86)
The hocked-bill'd Duck and Drake. ‘Anas roftro adunco:
ee XCVI, XCVII.

ee Drake; its Weight was two Pound and two Ounces; its

Length, from the Tip of the Bill to the End of the Tail, was
twenty five Inches and a half; the Breadth, when the Wings are ex-
tended, two Foot ten Inches; the Bill was two Inches and a half long,
of a pale green Colour moderately bending; the Hook or Nail at the
End black.

The Head and upper part of the Neck, of a dark green, with two
Lines of {mall white Specks, one from the upper part of the Bill, reach-
ing over the Eye almoft to the back part of the Head, the other from
the Bill, to the under part of the Eye, which was encompafied with a
Circle of the fame {mall white Feathers, the Chin was alfo fpeckled.

The Throat, Breaft, and Belly, were white with fome few tranfverfe
Spots of redifh brown; the Back, fcapular Feathers of the Wings, and
the Sides, are of the fame brown Colour, edged and {peckled or dufted
over with white.

The prime Feathers of the Wings were twenty four; the firft fix
were all white, the reft redifh brown; the firft Row of covert Feathers
were blue with white Tips, the fecond Row brown with white Tips.

The Tail was made up of twenty black Feathers with white Tips,
four of the middlemoft being reflected, circularly towards the Head:
the Legs and Feet were of an orange Colour.

The Duck of this Kind was very like the common Duck, excepting
the Bill, which was hooked. Thefe Ducks are better layers than any
of the other, either wild or tame.

The

oO

Unias raftro alunto Lem

cord v:
Eb

wr

: ite

Oz

iy,

a

Reavorip

an"

wt

Rue
a ad
sol gl

fe Pochard- oF great red headed Nig con

( 87)
The Pochard or great red-headed Wigeon. Ornas fera fufca.
Numb. XCVIIL

[> S Weight was thirty three Ounces; its Length, from the Tip of
the Bill to the End of the Claws, was twenty one Inches; Breadth,
when the Wings were extended, was thirty two Inches. It is bigger
than the common Wigeon, and for its Bignefs fhorter and thicker.
‘The leffer covert Feathers of the Wings, and thofe on the middle of the
Back, are moft elegantly variegated with dark brown awd cinereous:
waved Lines: the Rump and Feathers under the Tail are black, fo that
the Tail is encompaffed with a Ring of black, the lower part of the
Neck is likewife black: the Head and almoft the whole Neck, are of a
deep fulvous or red Colour ; the middle part of the Breaft, and lower part:
of the Belly, are of the fame Colour with the Back, and varied with the
like undulated Lines, but both the Colours paler; towards the Vent it
is by degrees darker coloured; the Tail is very fhort, not exceeding two
Inches, made up of twelve Feathers, of a dark grey; the outmoft the
fhorteft, the reft gradually longer to the middlemoft; yet the Excefs is.
not confiderable, fo that notwithftanding it is not to be reckoned among
thofe that have fharp Tails. The Quill-Feathers of the Wings are about
twenty five all of one Colour, viz. a dark cinereous or Afh-colour; the:
interiour or baftard Wing, and leffer covert Feathers of the under fide of
the Wings are white: the Bill is bigger and broader than in the Wigeons,
the Feathers divide the middle of the upper Mandible, coming down:
from the Forehead in Form of a Peak or acute Angle; the upper
‘Mandible is of a lead Colour, but its Tip black, the nether is wholly
black, the Irides of the Eyes are yellow, the Feet lead-coloured, the
Membranes connecting the Toes blackifh, the inmoft Toe the leaft,
having a membranous Border annexed to its outfide, the back Toe hath.
an Appendant Membrane or Fin.

The characteriftick Note of this Bird is one uniform Colour of its:
Wing, without any Feathers of different Colours in the Middle of the
Wings, as is ufual in moft Birds of this Kind.

The:

( 88 )
The Wigeon or Whewer. Anas Fiftularij wot
Numb. XCIX.

1 eee Weight is one Pound and fix Ounces; Length, from the Point of the Bill to
the end of the Feet, is twenty Inches ; Breadth, when the Wings are extended, two
Foot ten Inches; the Head and upper End of the Neck are red; the Crown towards
the Bill is of a dilute Colour, from red inclining to a yellowifh white; the upper part
of the Breaft and Sides, as far as the Wings, are beautified with a very fair Tin@ure of
red wine Colour, with fimall tranfverfe black Lines; the fcapular Feathers, and thofe
on the Sides under the Wings are very curioufly varied with narrow tranf{verfe black
and white waved Lines; the middle of the Back is brown, the Edges of the Feathers
being cinereous, efpecially towards the Tail; the Feathers behind the Vent next the
‘Tail are black; the Breaft and Belly are white with a little Mixture of yellow; on
both Sides under the Legs are Spots of a redifh brown; under the Tail are white
Feathers alike {potted and mingled with black: the Tail is fharp pointed, and confifts of
fourteen Feathers, of which the fix outer on each fide are brown, their exteriour Edges
being whitifh, the two middle ones are black, with a Mixture of Afh-colour; of the
Quill-Feathers the ten outmoft are brown, the next ten have white Tips, and among
them the fifteenth, fixteenth, feventeenth, and eighteenth have their outer Webs
firft of a black purplith Colour, then as far as they appear beyond the Covert Feathers
of a lovely blue ; inthe eighteenth Feather the exteriour half of the outer Web is of a
purplifh black, the interiour towards the Bottom is cinereous; but along the Border of
the black are {mall light Spots from the white Tip to the Bottom; the twentieth Feather
is all of a pale or white Afh-colour ; the twenty firft and twenty fecond are white about
the Edges, black in the middle along the Shaft; the {mall covert Feathers of the Wings
are of a light brown, or dark Afh-colour, but thofe that cover the Quills from the
tenth to the twentieth are parti-coleured of brown, white, and cinereous.

In the Structure of the Mouth, Tongue, and Head, it differs little from the com-
mon W7ld-Duck, unlefs perchance the Head be lefs in Proportion to the Body; the
upper Mandible of the Bill is of a lead Colour, with a round black Nail at the End;
the Feet from a dufky incline to a lead Colour; the Claws are black; the outmoft
‘Toe longer than the inmoft; the back Toe the fhorteft.

It feeds upon Grafs and Weeds growing in the Bottoms of Rivers, and Lakes, and
Channels of Water, alfo upon Wilks, Periwinkles, @c. that it finds there. The Males
of this Kind at Cambridge are called Wigeons, the Females /Vbewers. The Flefh of ic
for Delicacy is much inferiour to Tea/, or indeed Wild--Ducks.

The

ee ae,

ee oe
Oe ee, re

[pd

(89 )
The wild Mallard. Bofchas major.

Numb. C.

TS Weight was two Pound four Ounces; Length, from the Tip of the Bill to the

End of the Tail, twenty five Inches anda half; Breadth, when the Wings were
extended, was thirty four Inches; the Bill is of a greenifh yellow, from the Tip to
the Angles of the Mouth, two Inches and a half; Breadth one Inch, not very flat;
the upper Mandible hath at the End a round Tip or Nail; the lower Eye-lids are
white: the Head and upper part of the Neck are of a delicate fhining green, then
follows a Ring, of white, which yet fails ot being an intire Circle not coming round
behind; from the white Ring, the Throat is of a chefnut Colour down to the Breaft;
the Breaft it felf and Belly are of a white Ath-colour, fprinkled with innumerable dark
Specks as it were all Drops; under the Tail the Feathers are black; the upper fide of
the ‘Neck from cinereous is red, fprinkled in like manner with Spots; the middle of
the back between the Wings is red, the lower part black, and {till deeper on the
Rump with a Glofs of purple; the Sides under the Wings, and the longer Feathers on
the Thighs are adorned with tranfverfe brown Lines, making a very fair Shew; in
them the white Colour feems to have a Mixture of blue.

The lefler Rows of Wing-leathers are red: the long fcapular Feathers are filver colour-
ed, elegantly variegated with tranfverfe brown Lines ; in each Wing are twenty four Quills,
the outmoft ten of a dusky brown; the fecond Decad have white Tips, their outer
Websare of a fhining purplifh blue Colour, but between the white and blue intercedes 2
Porder of black; the Tip of the twenty firft is white, the exteriour Web of a dark purple ;
the middle part of the twenty fecond 1s a little filver coloured; the twenty third is wholly
of a filver Colour, yet the Edges on each fide are black; the twenty fourth is like-
wife of a filver Colour, only the exteriour Border black, the outmoft covert Feathers
are of the fame Colour with the Quills, but thofe immediately incumbent on the
purple blue Quills have black Tips, and next the Tips a broad Line or crofs Bar of
white, fo that the blue Spotis terminated witha double Line, firft black, and above that
white: the Tail hath twenty Feathers ending in fharp Points, the four middle ones
of thefe are reflected circularly towards the Head, being black with a Glofs of purple;
the eight next to thefe on each fide are white, efpecially the outer ones and on their ex-
teriour Webs, the nearer to the reflecied ones the greater Mixture of brown they
have; the covert Feathers of the infide of the Wing, and the interiour baftard Wing
are white; the Legs and Feet of a faffron Colour; the Claws brown, but that of the
back Tce almoft white; the inmoft fore Toe is the leaft, the Membranes connecting
the Toes are of a more fordid Colour than the Toes; the Wind-pipe at its Divarication
hath a Veffel calleda Labyrinth ; the Legs are feathered down to the Knees. See the
Wild-Duck, Vol. 1. Plate gg.

Aa The

("92")
The Cock Goofavder. Merganfer Mas.

Numb. CI.

1 es Weight is four Pound; its Length, from the Tip of the Bill to
the End of the Tail, is twenty eight Inches; its Breadth, when the
Wings are extended, forty Inches: the Body long, the Back broad and
flat; the Head and upper Part of the Neck black, below that white,
as it were a broad Ring ; the Breaft of a beautiful chefnut Colour, with
tran{verfe Lines of dusky brown; the upper fide of the Neck more ob-
{cure inclining to black; the Belly of a yellowifh white, as is alfo the
under fide of the Tail; the Wing hath about twenty fix Quill-Feathers
moftly black, the next Decad white with a Bar of black between them
and the fecond, and alfo between the upper covert Feathers, and the
third Decad with a Border of black round the Wing; the upper part
of the Back black: the Tail is compofed of eighteen black Feathers.

The Bill was four Inches and a quarter long, from the Tip to the Angles
of the Mouth, of a red Colour, hooked, and the upper and lower
Mandible toothed on both Sides like a Saw; the Tongue and Palate _
yellow; the Ears are round, the Noftrils large, the Irides of the Eyes
of a fanguine Colour.

The Legs and Feet red, the back Toe broad with an appendant
Membrane. It hath a huge bony Labyrinth, on the Wind-pipe juft
above the Divarications.

The Stomach is {carce mufculous, out of which was taken feveral
{mall Fifth; it hath a Gall-bladder; the blind Guts were three Inches
long, and full of Excrements) The Flefh is not wholefome having a
fifhy unpleafant Tafte,

The

SS
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Merganfer The Cock Goofander

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Quaquedila Francta. Shee [rerecle Leal-ler .

—— er

( 91) ae
The Hen French Teal. Querquedula Francia Fem.
Numb. CI.

TS Weight was twelve Ounces; Length, from the

Tip of the Bill, to the End of the Tail, was fix-teen
Inches; Breadth, when the Wings were extended, was twen-
ty four Inches ; its Bill is broad, black, and fomething
reflected upwards ; the Irides of the Eyes, of a yellowith
white; the top of the Head, upper part of the Neck,
Back, and Tail were of a dusky brown Colour; its
Tongs Breaft, Belly, and Thighs were of a fordid
white, ‘with tranfverte Spots of dark brown towards the
Neck and Back, and more dilute on the Breaft, Belly,
and Thighs.

The Number of prime Feathers of the Wings are
twenty four, being for the moft part of a dark brown
Colour; the fone or five firft Feathers, of the firft Row
of Coverts are of a dark blue, all the reft in that Row
of a fhining green Colour, both havi ng white Tips. The
fecond Row, was of a hair Colour with broad Tips of for-
did white, inclining to yellow, the fcapular Feathers, of a
hair Colour edged with faint {mall Stroaks of white. The
Legs and Feet were of a pale dusky brownith Colour.

This Bird is of a delicate Tafte and wholefome Nou-

rifhment, See the Cock, Vol. I. Plate 100,

The

| ( 92)
The Summer Teal Cock and Hen. Ana circiaz

Numb. CII, CIV. —

i Ade Weight was twelve Ounces; Length, from the Point of the Bill

to the End of the Tail, fixteen Inches anda quarter; Breadth, when
the Wings were extended, is twenty three Inches, this is the leaft of all
the Duck-Kind; its Bill is blackifh, the Head is of a dark bay Colour
with a broad Stripe of white on each Side over the Eyes tending down-
wards to the hinder part of the Head; the top of the Head, upper
part of the Neck, and Back are of a dusky Colour, as is alfo the Tail;
the Breaft is of a fordid yellow with tranfverfe dusky Lines, the Belly
more dilute, and faintly {potted with a yellowifh brown and dusky
Colour.

The Wing hath twenty five Quill-Feathers of a brown dusky Colour,
having ‘their exteriour Edges white; the firft Row of covert Feathers
of a fhining green with white Tips, the next above them afh-colour, the
lower Part half way white; the fcapular Feathers are afh-coloured, the
long ones of this Kind are white with black Edges; the Legs and Feet
are of a dusky brown Colour, the Claws black. In the Stomach, when
diffeé&ted, was found {mall Stones, Grafs, and Seeds of Water-Plants.

The Head of the Hen wanted the bay or redifh Colour, and had
more white intermixt- with the brown; the upper Part of the Neck,
Back, Wings, and Tail were of a dusky brown Colour; with five or
fix blueifh green Feathers; their Tips and exteriour Edges white, the

firft Row of covert Feathers of the Wings, the Breaft, and Belly, of a -

faint yellow; the Thighs and lower part next the Vent, dusky and
faintly {potted.

The Legs and Feet were of the fame colour with thofe of the Cock,
the Claws black, Thefe two Birds were brought me by William Ly-
dall, Poulterer.

—

103

, f /
Lhe Cock Sumner Leal.

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Tiana Pe sqamy ys rs

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ie Ed

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mw NM Dek Xx.

B,

Anana Bird -
Barker
Bee-Eater
Black Game-Hen
Bunting

Butcher-Bird [Ath-coloured]
Butcher Bird [Leffer Cock]
Butcher-Bird [Leffler Hen}
‘Butcher-Bird [Red headed]

Black Bird [Pied]
Cc

Carafow [Cock]
Carafow [Hen]
Cafoware

Cha ffinch (Pied]
Chatterer [Bohemian}
Coddy Moddy
Cormorant

Corpifh Chough -
Crane

Crow

Crown Bird [Mexican]
Crow [Royfton]

D

~ Dobchick

Dottrel Cock
Dottrel Hen

Dottrel [Lincoln hire]
Dove [ Jamaica]
Dove [Greenland]
Drake [Hookbiil’d
Duck trookbilra

E
Eagle [Golden]
Eagle { Black]
Eagle [ Vulturine]

F
Falcon Gentle
Fieldfare [ Pied |
Flamingo

G

Gander [Mofcovian]
Ganfer

Godwitt

Goofe [Mofcovian]
Gofhawk

Guinea Hen

Gull [Brown]

Gull [Brown headed}
Gull [Cloven footed]
Gull [Grey }

Gull [ White }
Goofander Cock

Hen Harrier

Hoopoe Cock

Hoopoe Hen

Horfeman [Red-legged}
Horfeman [Green-legged]

Lanneret

i‘)

43
68

Loon

(3)

Loon [Greater]

Macaw Jamaica \

Mallard
Martin [Houfe}
Martin [Bank]
Minor

More Cock
More Hen
Mountain Cock
Mountain Hen

N

Nuthatch

O
Owl [Great Horn}
Owl [Lefier Horn}
Owl [white]
Owl [Little |
Owzel [Water]

lg

Paroquet [Braflet]
Pie [Brazillian]
Pigeon [ Horfeman].
Pigeon [Portugal]
Pigeon [Weood}
Pintail

Pheafant [Sea] Cock
Pheafant [Sea] Hen
Pochard

Puffin Cock

~ Puffin Hen

Raven
Raven [Night]

\

me Ne UD. Se

Ringtail
Rook

Sanderling

Sparrows | Bengal]
Sparrows [China] «
Sparrows | Reed]
Spoon-Bill

Starling [ Bengal]

Stork [White]

Swallow [ Great Sea
Swallow [Leffler Sea] Cock:
Swallow |Lefler Sea | Hen-
Swift

i:

Teal [French] Hen
Teal {Summer} Cock
‘Feal | Summer] Hen
Titmoute | Crefted],
Titmoufe [Long-Tailed]
Totano Cock
Totano-Hen

Turky [Crefted]

W r)
Warwowen
Water Wagtails [Yellow],
Water Hen [Small]
Widgeon:
Wood-Pecker [Black]
Wood Turtle
Wrens [Green]

Yarwelp

Fo Die iV <a aes.