THE NAUTILUS A MONTHLY JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE INTERESTS OF CONCHOLOGISTS VOL. XXII. MAY, 19O8, to APRIL, 19O9. EDITORS AND PUBLISHERS : H. A. PILSBRY, Curator of the Department of Mollusca, Academy of Natural Sciences, PHILADELPHIA. C. W. JOHNSON, Curator of the Boston Society of Natural History, BOSTON. INDEX TO THE NAUTILUS, VOL. XXIL INDEX TO SUBJECTS, GENERA AND SPECIES. Acharax Dall, n. gen. of Solemj'a ..... 2 Achatinellidse, Description of new species of . . .67 Acteon pompilius var. multannulatus Aldr., n. var. (PL V, fig. 11) 76 Alabama, A week at Claiborne ...... 98 Alcadia pusilla intermedia Pils., n. var. . . ... 96 Amnicolidse from Alabama ...... 85 Ampulla Bolten, Type of 83 Ancey, C. F. (obituary, portrait) 11 Andrews, Mrs. George (obituary) 60 Area (Barbatia) lignitifera Aldr. (PI. V, figs. 6,7) . .75 Ashmunella kochii Clapp, n. sp. (PI. Till, fig. 1-3) . . 77 Bifidaria armifera Say ...... 52, 108, 110 Bifidaria bilamellata Sterki & Clapp, n. sp. (PL Till, fig. 7). 126 Bifidaria (Chsenaxis) tuba intuscostata Clapp, n. sub. sp. (PL Til) 76, 96 Bifidaria clappi Sterki, n. sp. (PL Till, fig. 4) . . .108 Bittium hiloense Pils. & Tan., n. sp. (fig. 1) . . .56 Brachiopods, Some new 28 Caecum johnsoni Winkle}', n, sp. . . . . .54 California!! Mollusks, Miscellaneous notes on . .37 Cancellaria ? sotoensis Aldr., (PL T, fig. 3) . . .74 Chloritis tosanus okiensis Pils. & Hir. . . . .44 Clappia clappi Walker, n. sp. (PL VI, figs. 1, 4, 7) . .89 (iii) IV THE NAUTILUS. Clappia, n. gen .89 Corbula clarksana Aid., n. sp. (PI. V, figs. 4, 5) . . 74 Ccelocentrurn hinkleyi Pils., n. sp. . . . 138 Coelocentrum ischnostele Pils., n. sp. . . . . 139 Coryphella mananensis Stimp. ...... 15 Cratena gymnota (Couth.) ....... 15 Cuban notes . ....... 3 Cypraea annettse Dall, n. n. . . . . - . . 125 Cypraea californiana Gray ....... 126 Cyprsea caputdraconis Nielv. ...... 126 Cyprsea costispunctata Gask. ...... 126 Cyprsea gracilis, Notes on . . . . . . .10 Cyprsea miliaris var. nivea Preston, n. var. . . . 121 Cypraga robertsi Hid. ........ 125 Cypraea sowerbyi Kien. . . . . . . .125 Cyprsea xanthodon var. carnicolor Preston, n. var. . . 121 Danish Molluscan fauna, A small addition to the knowledge of the 54 Dendronotus frondosus ....... 15 Diplommatina okiensis Pils. & Hir. . . . . .43 Euglandina liebmanni (Pfr.) ...... 114 Epitonium (Acrilla) atwoodi Dall., n. sp. . . . .80 Erato albescens Dall 126 Euconulus fulvus and E. trochiformis . . . .25 Exotic Vivipara in California ...... 33 Facelina bostonensis Couth. ...... 16 False shells 70 Ferguson, David W. (obituary) 124 Ganeaella ferruginea okiensis Pils. & Hir., n. subsp. . . 44 Ganesella myomphala euomphala Pils. & Hir. . . .44 Helicostyla leucophthalma togolandensis Pils., n. subsp. (PI. IV, figs. 5, 6) 47 Helix arbustorum var. roseolabiata . . . . .72 Helix hortensis, A note on 30, 52 Heron held prisoner by a clam ...... 82 Holospira bartschi Pils. & Clapp, n. sp. (PI. VIII, figs. 5, 6). 114 Holospira goldmani Bartsch. . . . . . .115 Homalog}'ra atomus in New England . . . .95 Hyriine and Uniouinse, Remarks on the subfamilies . .106 THE ] NAUTILUS. V lanthina globosa in California ...... 37 Japan, Land shells of the Oki Islands . . . .41 Kaliella okiensis Pils. & Hir., n. sp. . . . . .45 Kaliella gsetanoi Pils. & Van., n. sp. (fig. 1) . . .73 Kellia interstriata Aldrich, n. sp. (PI. V, figs. 1,2). .74 Kendig, Rev. A. B. (obituary) Ill Lamellidoris aspera ........ 15 Laminella aspersa Baldwin, n. sp. . . . .68 Laminella duoplicata Baldwin, n. sp. . . . . .68 Lampsilis iridella Pils. & Frierson, n. sp. . . . . 81 Laqueus morsei Dall, n. sp. ...... 29 Lepton vaughani Aldr., n. sp. (PI. V, fig. 12) . . .76 Leptopoma tagolandense Pils., n. sp. (PI. IV, fig. 1,2) . 46 Leptopoma tagolandense var. iinmaculata Pils., n. var. . 46 Limax flavus ......... 66 Littorina, The development of . . . . . .83 Lymnrea bakeri Walker, n. sp. (PI. II, figs. 11, 12) . . 18 Lymnsea cubensis Pfr. . . . . . . 7, 19 Lymnsea cyclostoma Walker, n. sp. (PL II, fig. 4) . 7,19 Lymntea davisi Walker, n, sp. (PI. II, figs. 9, 10) . .17 Lymneea desidiosa (PL II ; PL III) . . . 18, 20 Lymnaga desidiosa var. peninsulse Walker, n. var. (PL II, fig. 7) 9, 16 Lymnaea florissantica Cockerell, n. sp. . . . . 69 Lymnrea hendersoni Baker, n. sp. . . . . .140 Lymnsea marginata ....... 5, 18 Lymnaea obrussa Say . . . . . . . .22 Lymneea palustris, Formation of epiphragm by . . .33 Lymnaea petoskeyensis Walker, n. sp. (PL I, figs. 3, 5, 7). 6, 18 Lyinnrea pilsbiyana Walker, n. sp. (PL I, figs. 2, 8, 11). 4, 18 Lymnaea stagnalis var. perampla Walker, n. var. (PL II, figs. 5, 6) 8, 19 Lymnsea umbilicata . . . . . . . 7, 19 Lymuaeas, New Michigan . . . . . . 4, 16 Maine, Additional shells found in Aroostook County . 19 Maine, Fossil and living shells found in Little Mud Lake, Westland (Aroostook County) ..... 105 Martyn's Universal Conchology . . . . . .72 Meseschiza grosvenorii Lea . . . . . .56 VI THE NAUTILUS. Mexico, Notes on shells collected at Balsas . . .114 Minnesota Mollusks, Records of 119 Mitramorpha eocenensis Aldrich, n. sp. (fig.) . . .13 Mollusca of Keene, New Hampshire 32 Nason collection 10 Nassa perpinguis var. bifasciata Berry, n. var. . . .39 New England fauna, Shells new to the . . . .95 New Mexico, Mollusks from around Albuquerque . . 103 Nitidella hendersoni Dall., n. sp. ..... 31 Notes and news . . . .10, 33, 59, 71, 82, 95, 122 Nudibrauch records, Two interesting New England . . 13 Opisthobranchiata, Northern 23 Palio lessonii 15, 16 Paludestrina salsa Pils 53, 82 Partulina mutabilis Baldwin, n. sp. . . . . .68 Partulina winniei Baldwin, n. sp. ..... 67 Pearl hunting in the Fox River, Illinois .... 122 Petrasma Dall., n. subgenus of Solemya .... 2 Pholadomya pacifica Dall., n. sp. . . . . 115, 142 Physa sayi 19 Pisidiuin in Massachusetts . . . . . . .113 Planorbis bicarinatus . . . . . . . .122 Planorbis bicarinatus portagensis Baker, n. var. . . .45 Pleurobema tornbigbeanum Frierson, n. sp. (PL III). . 27 Polygyra inatermontana Pils. . . . . . .114 Polygyra mooreana 66 Publications received 34, 47, 83, 96, 122 Pyrgulopsis wabashensis ....... 56 San Diego, Mollusca dredged at ..... 134 Scala, Another large miocene . . . . . .80 Shells collected at Balsas, Guerrero, Mexico, by Walter E. Koch in Dec., 1908 114 Showalter collection . . . . . . . .117 Sicily, Shells of 128 Sigaretus (Eunaticina) erectoides Aldr., n. sp. (PI. Y, figs. 8, 9) . . . . . . . . . .75 Solemya 1, 2 Solemya (Acharax) bartschii Dall., n. sp. . . . .61 Solenomyacidse, A revision of the ... 1 THE NAUTILUS. Vll Somatogyrus decipiens Walker, n. sp. (PI. VI, figs. 10, 11). 86 Somatogyrus hendersoni Walker, n. sp. (PL VI, fig. 2) . 87 Somatogyrus hinkleyi Walker, n. sp. (PL VI, figs. 8, 9) . 87 Somatogyrus pygmseus Walker, n. sp. (PL VI, fig. 3) . 88 Sphaerium pilsbryanum Sterki, n. sp. . ... . . 141 Strange shells . . . . ... . . . 110 Strobilops, Notes on the genus 78 Strobilops quadrasi and S. trochospira . . . .79 Stylommatophora, Some notes on the locomotive disk of . 49 Tagolanda, Land shells of . . . . . . .46 Terebratula (Liothyris) sakhalinensis Ball., n. sp. . . 28 Texas, List of the shells from Amarillo .... 9 Texas, Mollusca of McLennan County . . . .63 Torinia discoidea sterkii Pils. & Van., n. subsp. (fig. 2) . 57 Trishoplita cretacea pergranosa Pils. & Hir., n. subsp. . 43 Trivia galapagensis, Notes on . . . . .11 Trivia mangeriae, Note on . . . . . . .10 Turbonilla (Chemnitzia) gabbiana . . . . .39 Turbonilla (Chemnitzia) thaanumi Pils. & Van., n. subsp, (fig. 3) . . 58 Unionidae, Supplementary notes on the breeding seasons of the Ill Unionidse in Pennsylvania, The breeding season of 91, 99 Unioninse and Hyriinae, Remarks on the sub-families . 106 Valvata humeralis californica Pils., n. subsp. . . .82 Verrill collection ........ 33 Verticordia (Haliris) granuloides Aldr., n. sp. (PI. V, fig. 10). 75 Vertigo nylanderi Sterki, n. sp. . . . . . . 107 Vesicomya ticaonica Ball., n. sp. . . . . .63 Vivipara lecythoides Bens, in California . . . .33 Waldheimia raphealis var. albida . . . . .30 Yates, Br. Lorenzo G. (obituary) 124 INDEX TO AUTHORS. Aldrich, T. H. . . 13, 74 Baker, F. C 20, 45, 140 Balch, Francis N 13, 59 Baldwin, D. D. 67 Berry, S. S I . . . 37, 72 Bryant, Owen ......... 82 Button, Fred. L 10, 11 Clapp, Geo. H 76, 114 Cockerell, T. D. A 69, 72 Conner, Chas. H. . Ill Coolidge, Jr., Win. H. 32 Dall, W. H 1,28,31,51,80,115,125,142 Daniels, L. E . .119 Ferriss, J. H 103 Frierson, L. S 27, 81, 106 Gripp, C. W 134 Hannibal, Harold ......... 33 Henderson, Jr., J. B. . . . . . . 3, 9 Hinklev, Anson A. ........ 56 K * Hirase, Y. .......... 41 Johnson, C. W 70, 123 Keene, L. A . 122 Macfarland, F. M 23 Morse, Edward S. ........ 95 Nylander, Olof 0 19,30,105,143 Ortmann, A. E 91,99 Pilsbry, H. A., 25, 41, 46, 56, 73, 78, 81, 83, 96, 103, 115, 123, 138 Preston, H. B .121 Schlesch, Hans ......... 54 Smith, Maxwell 128 Smith, H. H ... 117 Sterki, V 49, 107, 126, 141 Strecker, Jr., John K. ... .... 63 Vanatta, E. G 56, 73 Walker, Bryant . . . . . . • . 4, 16, 85 Walker, R. D .32 Wheeler, Rev. H. E .97 Winkley, Rev. Henry W 53, 54, 113 Oil.) C. F. ANCEY 1800-190(5 THE NAUTILUS. Vol.. XXII. MAY, 19O8. No. 1. A REVISION OF THE SOLENOMYACID2E. BY WM. H. DALL. Having recently to review the species of the Lamarckian genus Solemya, and having nearly all the known species for study it was a surprise to find that the group contains three well marked subgenera and several subordinate sections. A full account is in preparation, meanwhile the following synopsis may serve to call attention to the subject : Genus SOLKMYA Lamarck, 1818. I. Subgenus Solemya s. s. Ligament amphidetic, chiefly internal. Type -S. australis La- marck. Ligament appearing on the internal face of the valve in advance of the chondrophore. A. Proximal part of the chondrophore prolonged as a thickened ridge part way across the interior surface of the valve, S. australis Lam. B. Base of the chondrophore divided, anterior part extended as a narrow ridge ; posterior part forming a thickened prop to the chon- drophore ; exposed ligament linear. £ parkinsonii Gray. C. Chondrophore thickened, without props or extended rib. S. solen v. Salis. 2 THE NAUTILUS. II. Subgenus Petrasma Dall, nov. Ligament not exposed inter- nally in front of the chondrophore ; type S. borealis Totten. A. Chondrophore supported by two strong props with a deep cavity between them. 1. S. borealis Totten. 2. S. velum Say. B. Chondrophore with an anterior prop extended as a slender rib in front of the adductor scar ; no posterior prop. 1. S. occidentalis Deshayes. 2. S. pusilla Gould. 3. S. panamensis Dall, n. sp. C. Chondrophore without props. S. volvulus Carpenter. III. Subgenus Acharax Dall, nov. Ligament opisthodetic, wholly external, visible internally only where it crosses the gap between the margins of the valves. Nymphg without props. Type S.johnsoni Dall. 1. S.johnsoni Dall. 2. S. patagonica E. A. Smith. 3. S. agassizii Dall, n, sp. 4. S. ventricosa Conrad, fossil. 5. S. grandis Verrill and Bush. NOTES. — S. togata (Poli) auct., and S. mediterranealuamarck, are synonyms of S. solen. S.jctponica Dunker, is the adult of S. pusilla Gould. S. macrodactyla Rochebrune and Mabille is probably identi- cal with S. patagonica, though the unique type of the latter seems pathologically callous dorsally. S. protexta Conrad, if not the young of S. ventricosa Conrad, from the Miocene of Oregon, probably belongs to Petrasma. S. occidentalis Deshayes, is common to the Mediterranean, West Indies and Gulf of Mexico. S. panamensis extends from off Santa Barbara, Cal., to Panama Bay ; S. valvulus Carpenter, from San Pedro, Cal., to the Gulf of California ; S. agassizii from off Tilla- mook Bay, Oregon, south to Aguja Point, Peru, in 1036-1800 fathoms, and S. johnsoni Dall, from Puget Sound to Panama Bay in 60 to 1740 fathoms. The rarity of these species, and the fact that they usually break up into fragments in drying, are probably the reasons why the remark- able differences between the hinges of the different species have not previously attracted attention. THE NAUTILUS. 3 CUBAN NOTES. BY J. IJ. HENDERSON, .IK. Mr. C. T. Simpson and the writer this winter yielded to the call of the wild, and we have just concluded another of our collecting orgies in the Antilles. This time we descended upon Cuba, and all of those delights of the chase formerly experienced together in the mountains of Jamaica and Haiti we renewed in this island of con- chological joys. Now the collector with two months at his disposal can pretty well clean up Jamaica, barring, of course, the rare ties and the elusive small fry, but Cuba is an altogether different proposition. The island be- comes surprisingly large after leaving Havana, and then it is only in the mountains that the really good picking is to be found. Then, too, the mountains seem always to be far away from the railroad or the towns where accommodations are to be found. If all the exten- sive plains and lowlands of Cuba could be eliminated by some Alad- din's lamp process and the mountain systems shoved up together, as they are in Jamaica, then indeed Cuba would present a field to the snail-hunter that no other place on earth could equal. The moun- tains are excessively rich in molluscan life, and the species found are for the most part of exceptional beauty and interest. The lowlands are not wholly without their mollusks, only there they are more scattered and difficult to find. The range of the lowland species seems to be much greater than that of the mountain forms. In fact one may travel all day by train and still find quite the same species of land shells. In the moutains, however, the distribution of species is often very restricted, sometimes to one side only of one particular hill. But as a rule a species occurring typically at a certain spot in a range of mountains gradually changes through varietal forms as one follows the range until it acquires a new name, and perhaps still another one later on. Thus it is in Cuba there are so many species of Urocoptis, of Chondropoma, of Helicina, Eutrochatella, etc., which belong to strongly-defined groups having a central typical form. One is constantly trying to verify a suspicion that the central typical form represents the ancestor that lived upon the higher land and sur- vived a subsidence of the lower country, and that the other forms of the group are the descendants that have wandered away into new THE NAUTILUS. surroundings and conditions as the island was raised to its present altitude. There is need for much study on the distribution and evolutionary history of the Cuban land shells, and perhaps right here will be found the answers to some Cuban geological problems that fairly call aloud to the traveler. There is evidence, for instance, that Cuba was not very long ago divided and separated into several islands a large east and a large west one — with several smaller islands lying between and projecting high above a shallow sea. Almost beyond question there has been a considerable exchange of species between Florida and that portion of Cuba lying directly south of Florida. This may be accounted for most plausibly by the migrating water fowl which divide their seasons between the great swamps of this portion of Cuba, the Everglades in Florida and the more northern waters of the United States. If the editors of the NAUTILUS can afford me space later on I would like to give accounts of some of our personal experiences in the field, particularly about the southern edge of the great Zapata swamp, at Vignales in the Organ Mountains of Pinar del Rio, and finally of our race to catch those two most astonishing shells, Uro- coptis elliotti and U. dautzenbergiana, which live only upon the lofty cliffs of two isolated mountains near Guane. NEW MICHIGAN LYMNJEAS. BY BRYANT WALKER. A careful review of the Lymnseas of Michigan, incident to the preparation of Part II of the Michigan Catalogue, has increased the number of species represented in the state fauna from 18 as recorded in 1894 (Rev. Mich. Moll., p. 11), to 28 at the present time. In the material examined, the following forms occurred, which seem worthy of specific or varietal recognition : Lymnaea pilsbryana n. sp., PI. I, figs. 2, 8—11. Shell ovate-conic, slightly perforate ; dark brownish-yellow, fre- quently tinged with purple, with a light line just below the suture ; whorls 5, convex, with a deeply impressed suture, the three apical whorls small, forming a short conical apex, penultimate whorl twice THE NAUTILUS. 0 as long as the three preceding, inflated and convex, body-whorl large and well rounded ; lines of growth strong and regular, cut by numer- ous fine spiral lines giving a shagreened appearance to the surface, in some specimens the last half of the body whorl is obsoletely mal- leated ; aperture broadly oval, somewhat more than one-half of the entire length of the shell, dark brownish-yellow within, with a liver colored band just within the lip ; lip sharp, regularly rounded and slightly expanded toward the basal margin ; columella thick, white with a strong fold, broadly reflected over and appressed to the axial region, leaving only a very small perforation, and connected with the upper insertion of the lip by a broad white and rather thick (for the genus) callus ; axis thick, solid, twisted. Alt. (Fig. 8) 22; diam. 13^; length of ap. 13; width 10 mm. Alt. (Fig. 11) 24; diam. H ; length of ap. 14; width 10 mm. Type (No. 21345, coll. Walker) from Washington Harbor, Isle Royale, Lake Superior, Mich. Cotypes in the collection of the Philadelphia Academy and Chicago Academy of Sciences. Immature specimens of this species were first taken by the Uni- versity of Michigan expedition of 1904, and in the report of that trip (Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich., 1905, Separate, p. 97) was stated to be " related to L. sumassi Bd., but probably undescribed." The expedition of 1905 was fortunate in securing fully-matured specimens. And a comparison of these with a photograph of cotypes of sumassi from the British Museum, kindly furnished by Mr. F. C. Baker, of Chicago, showed that the two forms were entirely dis- similar. The affinities of pilsbryana are entirely with L. emarginata Say, a species of general distribution through the Great Lakes from Saginaw Bay northward. It differs from that species in its darker color, more inflated whorls, especially those of the spire, and the entire absence of the emargina- tion characteristic of that species. L. emarginata was also found on Isle Royale, and there main- tained the acute conical spire with a less impressed suture charac- teristic of the usual form of that species. The axis of the Isle Royale emarginata (fig. 1) is more slender, more curved and less twisted than that tf pilsbryana (fig. 2). Both of these figures are made from immature specimens. t> THE NAUTILUS. Lymnsea petoskeyensis n. sp., PI. I, fig. 3, 5-7. Shell elongate oval, acutely conic, perforate; thin, pale horn- color, almost white, translucent ; whorls 6, regularly increasing, con- vex, with a well impressed suture ; spire elongated, acutely conical, apical whorl minute ; body whorl somewhat inflated, elongate oval ; lines of growth fine and regular, cut by numerous very fine revolv- ing, spiral lines, surface more or less malleated ; aperture oval, sub- angulate above and rounded below, slightly more than one-half the entire length of the shell ; lip thin and sharp ; columella nearly straight without any fold, inner lip expanded and reflected over the round deep umbilicus and continued as a thick white callus over the parietal wall ; where this callus passes over the umbilicus toward the basal margin it is abruptly depressed into the umbilical opening, forming a well marked furrow between the columella and the parietal wall, and giving the appearance of a twist to the face of the columellar enlargement, but the columella itself is scarcely affected by it; the axis is large for the size of the shell, without any trace of a fold, and nearly cylindrical, the base of the preceding whorl abruptly flattened around the insertion of the upper end of the pillar. Alt. (Fig. 5) 23.5, diam. 11.25, ap. length 13, width 8 mm. Alt. (Fig. 6) 24.5, diam. 11, ap. length 13.5, width 7.5 mm. Alt. (Fig. 7) 25, diam. 10.5, ap. length 12, width 7 mm. Types (No. 14347 coll. Walker) from a small spring-brook flow- ing into Little Traverse Bay, near Petoskey, Mich. Cotypes in the collections of the Philadelphia Academy and the Chicago Academy of Sciences. This species was at first supposed to be a very thin, fragile form of the elongate variety of L. catascopium, characteristic of the lake region. But upon cutting into the shell, the peculiar shape of the axis forbade its reference to that species. Under Dr. Ball's arrangement of Lymncea (Harr. Exp. XIII, p. 64) it would belong to the section Galba. Compared with L. desi- diosa Say, (Fig. 4) the axis of petoskeyensis (Fig. 3) is proportion- ately much larger, more elongated and more cylindrical, but the general features of both are the same. The peculiar contraction of the base of the whorl around the upper end of the pillar, so remark- ably developed in petoskeyensis, is present, but not at all marked, in desidiosa. The umbilicus in petoskeyensis is round and deep, and is more conspicuous in the immature shells, as the expansion of the broadly reflected columella nearly covers it in the adult. THE NAUTILUS, XXII. PLATE I. (X2 ) 1. 2. ( x a ) g. 7. NEW MICHIGAN LYMN^EAS. THE NAUTILUS, XXII. PLATE II. NEW MICHIGAN LYMNvEAS. THE NAUTILUS. 7 The little brook, only a few hundred feet long, in which the species lives, is also the type locality for Physa walkeri Crandall. Lymnsea cyclostoma n. sp. PI. II, fig. 4. Shell ovate conic, turreted, umbilicate, light yellowish horn- colored, shining ; lines of growth fine, irregular, subobsolete on the body whorl, stronger on the apical whorls, reticulated by indistinct revolving, impressed spiral lines. Spire elongated, apex subacute ; whorls 5, very convex, those of the spire somewhat shouldered, suture deeply impressed ; body whorl large, inflated, very convex. Aperture broad oval, subcircular, rounded above and below. Colu- mella broadly reflected over the round, deep umbilicus, convex, smooth with no fold, parietal wall with a thin transparent callus. Lip sharp, but thickened within by a heavy white callus. Alt. 7.5, diam. 3.25 mm. Types (No. 13599 Coll. Walker) from Indian Creek, Kent County, Mich. Also from Alma, Gratiot County, Mich. This very distinct little species was first collected by Dr. R. J. Kirkland, of Grand Rapids, Mich., and was listed as L. cubensis Pfr. (umbilicata C. B. Ads.) in my Review of the Moll. Fauna of Michi- gan (1894). Through the courtesy of Mr. E. A. Burt, curator of the Museum of Middlebury College, I have been able to examine the specimen of L. umbilicata deposited in that museum by Adams, and for comparison have figured it (fig. 1). The two species are so obviously distinct that verbal comparison is hardly necessary. L. cyclostoma differs in its more elevated, turreted spire, more broadly reflected columella and thickened white lip. It resembles umbilicata, however, in the sculpture, and is no doubt derived from the same stock. In this connection it may not be out of place to add that the inspection of the authentic specimen of L. umbilicata confirms Dr. Pilsbry's reference of that species to L. cubensis Pfr. It is evidently distinct from L. caperata Say, and its reference to that species as a synonym by Haldeman, Tryon, Binney and others is quite erroneous. The Middlebury specimen is not quite mature. It has 4^ whorls and measures 6 mm. in height and 4 mm. in diameter. For further comparison I have figured (Fig. 2) a Rhode Island specimen, which is apparently typical ; the dimensions (6.5 x 4.25) agreeing almost precisely with those given by Adams. It is however, somewhat 8 THE NAUTILUS. more inflated than the Middlebury specimen. The apparent fold on the columella is evidently an individual malformation, as it does not appear in any of the other specimens in the same lot. Compared with typical cubensis (Fig. 3), umbilicata is more globose, with a shorter and more obtuse spire. If the difference holds good for the northern form, umbilicata would be entitled to varietal rank. A single small specimen from Otter Lake (Lapeer ? County), FIG. 1. Michigan, (Text Fig. 1.) collected by the late Dr. Manly Miles, seems referable to umbilicata. It is smaller than the Rhode Island specimens (3. 5x2) and differs some- what in shape, the body whorl being somewhat shoul- dered and the spire more acute and slightly more elevated. But the characteristic axial (longitudinal) sculpture \% present although there is no trace of any spiral lines. The lip is decidedly thickened within, and both it and the columella are pink. The umbilicus is not as large as in the Rhode Island form. Lymncea stagnalis v. perampla n. var. PL II, figs. 5 and 6. This variety differs from the usual North American form, var. appressa Say, by its shorter, rapidly acuminating spire and larger, strongly shouldered body whorl ; the first three whorls of the spire are slender and increase regularly in size ; the penultimate whorl ia disproportionately enlarged, swollen and subangulated by the flatten- ing of the upper part of the whorl, which in the body whorl develops into a prominent shoulder. Alt. (fig. 5) 45.5, diam. 26, length ap. 28, width 18 mm. Alt. (fig. 6) 45, diam. 23.75, length ap. 26, width 17 mm. Types (No. 1834 coll. Walker) from Houghton Lake, Roscom- mon County, Michigan. Cotypes in the collections of the Philadel- phia Academy and the Chicago Academy of Sciences. Also from Douglas Lake near Petoskey, Michigan. All the specimens of stagnalis from Houghton Lake that I have seen, more than 30, are of this peculiar form, which apparently a well-marked local race. I have been informed by the late Dr. W. H. DeCamp that the late A. O. Currier of Grand Rapids, who was the first to make known the peculiar Lymnseids of Houghton Lake, intended to describe this form under the very appropriate name which I have adopted for it. An elevated, almost scalariform example of this variety was figured in the NAUTILUS, Vol. VI, pi. 1, fig. 6. It is interesting to THE NAUTILUS. note that in Marl Lake a small enlargement of Marl River, which connects Higgins and Houghton Lakes, the typical L. stagnalis appressa was the only form found. Lymnaa desidiosa var. peninsula, n. var. PI. II, fig. 7. Shell slender, elongated, spire long and acute, subturreted, whorls of the spire very convex, with a very deeply impressed suture, body- whorl elongated, subcylindrical, aperture oval, not very much ex- panded. Alt. 13.50, diam. 6.25 mm. ( To be continued. ) LIST OF MOLLUSK8 FROM AMAEILLO, TEXAS. KY J. B. HENDERSON, JR. The " Pan Handle " of Texas is a flat, treeless plain where the traveler could make good use of nautical instruments. I could find no vestige of molluscan life there except in the deep canons, a few of which are encountered on a journey across the " Handle." The following is a list of species taken from one of these canons at a point about 15 miles S. E. of Amarillo. All were found in drift debris — none actually alive and crawling about. The identifications are by Pilsbry and Vanatta. Zonitoides singleyana Pils. Zonitoides minuscula Binn. Vallonia perspectiva Sterki. Vallonia gracilicosta Reinh. Helicodiscus parallelus Say. Pupoides marginatus Say. Bifidaria pellucida hordeacella Pils. Bifidaria tappaniana C. B. Ad. Bifidaria armifera Say. Bifidaria procera cristata P. & V. Vertigo ovata Say. Planorbis parvus Say. A few specimens of Physa, Lymnaea and Pisidium too young for identification were also found. 10 THE NAUTILUS. NOTES AND NEWS. THE NASON COLLECTION. — The University of Illinois has lately acquired the collection of shells of Dr. Wm. A. Nason, of Algonquin, Illinois. The collection numbers approximately 50,000 specimens, representing 10,000 species. Among these are large series of the species found in Illinois, together with many beautiful specimens from various parts of the world. THE ANCEY LIBRARY — The books and many of the papers of the late C. F. Ancey can be obtained from Mr. Gerat, 76 rue du Faubourg St. Denis, Paris, France. NOTE ON CYPR^A GRACILIS, GASK. — A few months ago, among some small shells from unknown localities which came into my hands, there appeared a small cowry which for a time puzzled me exceedingly, being very different from any of the species then known to me. Upon careful study, however, in connection with the var- ious monographs of the Gyprceidse, it has proven unmistakably to be the very rare Cyprsea gracilis, Gask, the type of which was brought from the China Seas by the " Samarang " and which has since been found only at Mauritius and Reunion I. (Weinkauff, Hidalgo). Although the coloration of the back has been obliterated, the specimen being beach-worn, it has the peculiar lip, the narrow, bent aperture, sparsely scattered reddish-brown dots and fine teeth called for in the Gaskoin description, and it also corresponds, as to base and contour, to the figure -in the Sowerby monograph, probably copied by Weinkauff and Roberts. Length, 10 mm. FRED L. BUTTON. NOTE ON TRIVIA MAUGERI^E, GRAY. — Of this very rare species — sometimes also known as Tr. " Maugeri," (Roberts, Hidalgo) and thus far found only at the Galapagos Is — I have known but three ex- amples in all the West American collections. The first which ap- peared was a badly bleached one which I detected among the molluscan material brought back by the Stanford University expedition of 1898, the specimen being now in the University collection. The second, a fine one in the Arnheim collection at San Francisco, was unfortunately destroyed in the great fire of 1906 ; while my own specimen, although beach-worn, is in fair condition and color. Length, 13 mm. — FRED L. BUTTON. THE NAUTILUS. 11 « NOTE ON TRIVIA GALAPAGENSIS MELV. — Upon examination of the molluscan material brought back by the Stanford University ex- pedition to the Galapagos Is. in 1898, I noticed this novelty and sent it to Mr. Melvill for description (Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist., Aug., 1900.) Although the small type lot of this interesting species were all jet black and shiny, I have since then obtained from the same locality another specimen which is clearly referable to this species but which is of a reddish-brown color, while all the other specific characteristics, including the two whitish spots on the back, are well marked. As already noted by me (Jour, of Conch., Oct., 1902) this species proves to be ribbed throughout when perfect, in- stead of smooth on the back, as described. — FRED L. BUTTON. PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED. A SURVEY OF THE SPECIES AND VARIETIES OF PUPA DRAPAR- NAUD, OCCURRING IN SOUTH AFRICA. By JAMES COSMO MEL- VILL and JOHN HENRY PONSONBY (Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist., I, ser. 8, pp. 70-86, pi. i, ii, 1908). The paper is based on a collection made by Mr. Henry C. Burnup, to whom credit is given for two new forms. The figures are excellent. In all 28 species are re- corded, with several varieties. DESCRIPTIONS OF NINE TERRESTRIAL MOLLUSCA FROM SOUTH AFRICA. By JAMES COSMO MELVILL and JOHN HENRY PON- SONBY, INCLUDING ANATOMICAL DESCRIPTIONS OF Two PRO- POSED NEW GENERA (Afrodonta M. & P. and Peltatus G.-A.). By Lt.-Col. H. H. Godwin-Austen (Ann. & Mag. Nat, Hist., I, ser. 8, pp. 129-136, pi. 7 and 8, 1908). C. F. ANCEY. C^sar-Marie-Felix Ancey, administrator at Mascara, Algeria, was born in Marseilles, November 15, 1860. His father, well known 1 Taken in part from the obituary by Mr. H. Fischer (Jour, de Conch., LV, pp. 404-496), to whom we are also indebted through Mr. Geret for the accom- panying portrait. A complete list of Mr. Ancey's writings will be found in the above publication, pages 406-412. — EDITORS. 12 THE NAUTILUS. for his publications on entomology and author of valuable work on malacology, encouraged his well-developed inclination for zoological studies. At the age of twenty-three he was appointed conservator of the fine Oberthur entomological collection at Rennes. This posi- tion not promising material success, he returned to Marseilles, where he studied law, and obtained his diploma in 1885. He then entered the government administration in Algeria ; was married in 1889, and the same year was appointed deputy administrator, and filled successively positions at Fort National, Boghari and Dra-el Mizan. After thirteen years spent in that locality he was promoted to acting administrator at Mascara. It was a just reward for his great quali- fications and for the esteem which he had been able to win amidst duties that were frequently of a difficult character. Mr. Ancey hoped shortly to fill a State mission to the Cape Verde Islands, which was sure to furnish opportunities for malacological studies. After a brief illness he died at Mascara, October 10, 1906. His death was a painful surprise to his scientific correspondents. Most of his writings were on conchology, and his many papers, some 140 in all, give an idea of the importance of his work, devoted principally to the malacological fauna of Hawaii, Central Africa, Polynesia, Central Asia, etc. He was especially interested in the study of the smaller land shells, of which he had a large collection. As his appointment to Mascara promised to be permanent, he ex- pected to be able to work up his large accumulation of undetermined species, still packed just as he had received them. It was his pur- pose some day to study the land mollusks of Algeria ; although thoroughly competent for the work, he hesitated to undertake it on account of the difficulties arising from the many doubtful species, which made the study of the Algerian fauna a most ungrateful task. Mr. Ancey is authority for many generic or subgeneric names, among which may be mentioned : Boysidia, Parabal/a, Haplotrema, Pseudomphalus, Monomphalus, Micromphalia, Platystoma, Rhytidi- opsis, Pararhytida, Microphyurtt, Ochroderma, Tomoste/e, Mabilliella, Thomsonia, Lechaptoisia, Thacmumia, Baldwinia and Armandiella. The genus Anceyia was dedicated to him by Bourguignat. Re- markably gifted and thoroughly acquainted with the bibliography of the subject, he leaves behind him work which marks a real progress in our knowledge of the terrestrial mollusks. His untimely death is a great loss to science. THE NAUTILUS. VOL. XXII. JUNE, 1908. No. 2. A NEW EOCENE FOSSIL FROM CLAIBORNE. BY T. H. ALURICH. MlTHOMORPHA EOCENENSIS, n. Sp. Shell small, hut five whorls remaining (the em- bryonic whorls are broken off), sulcate, the longi- tudinals close set and prominent, the spirals the same on the smaller whorls, but on the body whorl more prominent at the suture and the base ; suture distinct and rather deep ; outer lip denticulated ; pillar lip with two tubercles, the one nearest the canal long and tapering. Canal short, slightly widened and slightly twisted. Length 7 mm., breadth 3 mm. Claiborne Sand Bed, Claiborne, Alabama. In Mitromorpha pygmaen Dall and others examined, Locality : Remarks the spiral sculpture seems to predominate, but in the species de- scribed above the longitudinal is the stronger. TWO INTERESTING NEW ENGLAND NUDIBRANCH RECORDS. BY FRANCIS N. BALCH. The absolutely lamentable state of our present knowledge (or rather ignorance) of the New England Nudibranchs is in no small part due to the capricious and baffling occurrence of that interesting 14 THE NAUTILUS. group. Here to-day and gone to-morrow, perhaps abundant one year and not observed again for decades, even on shores where they are in most years common if rightly sought at the right season, they remain practically unknown to many whose collecting is done only in summer. A good deal of evidence has accumulated to show that many of the forms, chiefly Aeolidians, have a peculiar life-history, somewhat as follows : Coming on the shore in early spring they breed in the rock-pools or not far below low-water mark, and almost immediately die. The young, growing slowly at first and escaping observation by reason of their minute size and often marvelously " protective " (?) coloration, work their way slowly off shore with the coming of warmer weather, migrating still further out as the cold sets in, and attain their growth over winter in comparatively deep water, only to perform the reverse migration, breed and die the next spring. They are thus annuals. This is supposed to be the case particularly with Aeolidian forms, but not even for them is the theory universally accepted. There are certainly grave objections to it. It has been urged that neither the on-shore nor the off-shore migration has been followed ; that the ycung ought not to escape observation over sum- mer even though minute and inconspicuous ; that they occasionally, though rarely, occur in summer adult or nearly so ; that the dredge fails to reveal them of nearly adult size in winter when they should occur. On the other hand it is a fact that many of the species have a fairly definite season (usually early spring, more rarely late autumn, and still more rarely at other times) when in most years they are with us in fair numbers and of full size, and thereafter — and suddenly — thence depart and are seen no more till the next year at the same season or perhaps many years later at the same season. This holds good of the rocky shores in the neighborhood of Boston, and I imagine few of us have ever seen there, except in spring, more than very scant and scattering examples of the Aeolid type. The following captures, therefore, have a distinct interest, even though, by the fault of the writer, it is much less than it should be. On November 15, 1905, Owen Bryant, Esq., of Cohasset, Mass., took from kelp dislodged by a storm from water of moderate (but uncertain) depth more than sixty Nudibranchs of at least eleven different species practically in company at that one spot. Not one was very young (less than say 3-4 mm.) Not one was adult. THE NAUTILUS. 15 He very kindly notified me and gave a Sunday to a trip to Cohasset where I saw the remarkable haul still alive. The early darkness of a November afternoon, the absence of apparatus and books and my absorption in professional work which precluded the possibility of my attempting to transport and preserve the living creatures for further study, may be held sufficient excuse for my failure to identify the species at the time fully and reliably, but not for my appaient failure to preserve some of the more interesting forms for later working over. To my great regret, however, the single Dorid form is the only one I am now able to find. The species identified were as follows according to my notes: Cratena gymnota (Couth.). " 1 specimen quite juv., cores of cerata very dark." ? Cratena veronicae Verrill. " 1 specimen, abt. | in., cerata very green, very like viridis A. & H." * Coryphella mananensis (Stimps.) " 1 specimen, abt. ^ in., juv." ? Coryphella salmonacea (Couth.). " > diversa Couth., 1 nearly adult spec., abt. 1 in." Unfortunately salmonacea (Couth.,) [now Bergh] does not include diversa (Couth.), as I then sup- posed, and both species are in utmost need of further elucidation. Wherefore I much regret my failure to preserve this specimen as a consequence of which I am now quite unable to say what I really had before me — at all events something wholly distinct from mananensis. Dendronotus frondosus (Ascanius). "3 specimens, abt. 1 in." Dendronotus robustus Verrill. " 1 specimen, abt. f in." Polio lessonii (d'Orb.) " 2 specimens, abt. -g in., like A. & H's. figures of adult but anal tubercles very conspicuous and white instead of yellow." Lamellidoris aspera (A. & H.) ^> pallida A. Ag. "1 specimen, juv., abt. ^ in." The above enumeration certainly includes all the species (and like- wise all the specimens) of all except the Aeolid forms. But of the Aeolid species enumerated there were in all likelihood many more specimens, while I noted that there were at least three obviously different Aeolid species which I did not undertake to name. Quite probably there were more. The whole enumeration only * I had Alder & Hancock's figure before me in makiug the comparison. 16 THE NAUTILUS. accounts for eleven specimens out of more than sixty. I only had time to note the larger and more conspicuous ones. On September 19, 1907, Mr. Bryant made a somewhat similar haul, although less interesting. He most kindly brought the mate- rial to me still alive, and I was able to study it more adequately. There were twenty-nine specimens of three species, and all were taken together from the bottom of a floating clam-car. The species were as follows : Facelina bostoniensis (Couth.) now Coryphella bostoniensis (Couth.). Bergh et auct, al. Europ., " 7 specimens, 4 to 10 mm." Coryphella mananesis (Stimps.). " 2 specimens, 8 mm., 14 mm." Palio lessonii (d'Orb.). " 20 specimens, 1 abt. 12 mm., the rest abt. 5 mm. Seem browner in coloration and much more sparsely tuberculated, with relatively more conspicuous circum- anal tubercles than the European type as figured." It will be noted that here again not one is adult, while not one is very young. It seems to me that these two captures suggest strongly an au- tumnal condensation of the half-grown Nudibranch population (of certain groups) in moderate depths, just off the shore perhaps, best explained tentatively as a " wave of migration " to deeper water for the winter. It is clear enough how a population, which would be very sparse if spread over the whole area from three fathoms, let us say, to extreme low-water mark, might be much condensed if the cooling waters or failing food supply set them all moving off shore about the same time, only to check and bank up at the edge of some particular deep channel or cold current or on some specially favor- able hunting-ground which all hitherto living anywhere inshore of it must cross. NEW MICHIGAN LYMN.EAS. BY BRYANT WALKER. ( Concluded. ) Lymnsea desidiosa peninsulx Types (No. 20040 Coll. Walker) from the headwaters of the Union River, Ontonagon County, Michigan. Cotypes in the collec- tions of the Philadelphia Academy and the Chicago Academy of Sciences. Also from Little Iron River, Ontonagon Co., Salmon THE NAUTILUS. 17 Trout River, Marquette Co., and the St. Mary's River at Saulte Ste. Marie, Mich. This variety differs from the usual and more typical form (pi. I, fig. 4 and pi. II, fig. 8) of general distribution in the lower Penin- sula, by its slender, elongated form. It is apparently characteristic of the small rivers tributary to Lake Superior. With the exception of a few specimens from Saulte Ste. Marie, the typical form of desidiosa has not been as yet found in the Upper Peninsula at all. Peninsulas is very similar in shape to a small form of general distri- bution through the State, which is probably referable to some one of Lea's indefinite species, but differs by its much greater size, being twice as long with the same number of whorls. As a characteristic local form of a large region, it seems worthy of a name. Lymneea davisi n. sp. PI. II, fig. 9-10. Shell of medium size, globose-conic ; perforate ; light horn-color ; whorls 5 ; the spire about one-third of the entire length of the shell, rapidly acuminating and with a minute, sharp apex ; the whorls of the spire are flattened and but slightly convex, with a distinct, but not deeply impressed, suture ; body whorl large, inflated, ovate, flattened above and rounded below ; lines of growth distinct, fine and regular, minutely decussated with revolving spiral lines ; aperture large, pear-shaped, acutely angled above and broadly rounded below, about three-fifths of the entire length, lip sharp, slightly thickened within, straight above, somewhat expanded below, broadly reflected over and nearly covering the small umbilical perforation ; columella with a very slight fold ; axis rather thick, round, scarcely if at all folded. Alt. (Fig. 9) 15.2, diam. 7.5 mm. Alt. (Fig. 10) 15, diam. 7.5 mm. Types (No. 20092 coll. Walker) from Fish Point, Tuscola County, Mich. This species is well characterized by its large, ovate body whorl and its very acute spire; the apical whorls are flattened and the straight line of spire is prolonged over the upper part of the body, giving a " pot-bellied " appearance to the shell. Named in honor of Prof. Charles A. Davis of Ann Arbor, its dis- coverer, in recognition of the many valuable contributions he has made to our knowledge of the distribution of the mollusca in Michi- gan. 18 THE NAUTILUS. Lymnsea liakeri n. sp. PI. II, figs. 11-12. Shell slender, elongate, perforate ; whorls 5 ; spire elongated, tur- reted ; apex acute ; body whorl narrow, elongated, compressed below ; suture deeply impressed ; lines of growth fine and regular with fine subobsolete, revolving, spiral lines ; aperture narrow, elongated, within the flare of the lip, the sides are nearly parallel, and about equally rounded above and below ; lip thin, sharp, suddenly and broadly expanded, subreflected, continuous, not appressed to the parietal wall, and roundly reflected over the perforation, columella straight, with- out a fold ; axis round and smooth. Alt. (fig. 12) 16.5, diam. 7.5, length ap, 8.5, width 4.5 mm. Types (No. 9353 Coll. Walker) from Pine Lake, Charlevoix County, Mich. This remarkable species was dredged from the marl bottom of Pine Lake. No living specimens were found, and in all prob- ability it is extinct. In its external characteristics it is more nearly related to L.jayi Dunker (gracilis Jay) than to any other of the described species, but the resemblance is a general one only, the two species differing in nearly every detail. The continuous, free lip and straight columella are exceedingly like those of jayi, and would naturally cause it to be referred to the subgenus Acella. But the axis is not gyrate, as in that group, but is rounded and without a fold, as in Galba. The young shell (fig. 11) is subcylindrical, and with its heavily- shouldered, turreted whorls and narrow aperture reminds one of the curious L. contracta Currier from Houghton Lake. I take pleasure in dedicating this very peculiar species to Mr. Frank C. Baker, of the Chicago Academy of Sciences, who has made a special study of the North American Lymnceas. EXPLANATION OF PLATES. PLATE I. Figures 1-4 inclusive are enlarged. The remainder are of natural size. Fig. 1. L. emarginata Say (immature), Isle Royal, Mich. Figs. 2, 9 and 10. L. pilsbryana Walker (immature), Isle Royal, Mich. Fig. 3. L. petoskeyensis Walker, Petoskey, Mich. Fig. 4. L. desidiosa Say, Ann Arbor, Mich. THE NAUTILUS. 19 Figs. 5, G and 7. L. petoskeyensis Walker (types), Petoskey, Mich. Figs. 8 and 11. L. pilsbryana Walker (types), Isle Royal, MicL. 1M.ATK II. Figures 1 to 4 inclusive are enlarged on the same scale. Figures 7 and 8 are also equally enlarged, but on a smaller scale. Figures 5, 6 and 9 to 12 inclusive are natural size. Fig. 1. L. timbilicata C. B. Ads. (ex auct.), New Bedford, R. I. Fig. 2. L. umbilicata, Rhode Island. Fig. 3. L. cubensis Pfr., Enterprise, Fla. Fig. 4. L. cyclostoma Walker (types), Indian Creek, Kent County, Mich. Figs. 5 and 6. L. stagnalis perampla Walker (types), Houghton Lake, Mich. Fig. 7. L. desidiosa peninsulas Walker (types), Union R., Onton- agon, County, Mich. Fig. 8. L. desidiosa Say, Oakland County, Mich. Figs. 9 and 10. L. davisi Walker (types), Fish Point, Tuscola County, Mich. Fig. 11. L. bakeri Walker (young) Pine Lake, Charlevoix, Mich. Fig. 12. L. bakeri (type), Pine Lake, Charlevoix, Mich. ADDITIONAL SHELLS FOUND IN AROOSTOOK COUNTY, MAINE. BY OLAF O. NYLANDER. Circinaria concava Say, one small living shell of this species found at Sherman, in 1904. Physa sayii, Tappan, very fine, large specimens found in Calleu's mill pound, Caribou stream, Caribou, Maine, at Salmon brook, Lake Perham and in the dead water on Salmon brook in Woodland. Lymnsea palustris Mull., a large colony of this species was found in a small brook on G. C. Hall's farm 3 miles south of Caribou village. Planorbis bicarinatus var. The carinations on this are extremely developed; Portage Lake, Square Lake and Cross Lake all on Fish River. Volvata sincera var. nylanderi Dall., Portage Lake, Square Lake and Cross Lake, dredged at various depths to 25 feet. 20 THE NAUTILUS. NOTE ON LYMNAEA DESIDIOSA SAY. BY FRANK COLLINS BAKER. An examination of Say's specimens of L. desidiosa in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia reveals the fact that all subse- quent naturalists have misunderstood this species and have given the name to a species belonging to a different group of Lymnaeas. The true desidiosa is a member of the palustris group, as shown by Say's specimens and by a close study of Say's descriptions. The two specimens in the Philadelphia Academy may be described as follows : Shell oblong-ovate, rather solid, color pale horn ; surface dull, lines of growth crowded, conspicuous, crossed by impressed spiral lines ; whorls 5£, convex ; the body whorl is quite convex ; spire acutely conic, about as long as the aperture ; sutures well impressed; apex of l£ whorls, brownish horn; aperture long ovate; outer lip thin, with an internal rib or varix ; inner lip reflected over and appressed to the parietal wall, leaving a small umbilical chink ; columelar axis with a distinct plait. Length 15.00, breadth 7.50, aperture length 8.00, breadth 3.00 mill. Length 14.25, breadth 7.50, aperture length 7.75, breadth 3.50 mill. The specimens bear the following label in the original hand- writing : Lymnaea desidiosa Say, Journ. Acad., v. 2, p. 169. T. Say, Penn. ? (No. 58731). The figure in Binney (fig. 68) is said to be from an authentic specimen in the Philadelphia Academy, but no such specimen is now in existence, nor are the specimens mentioned from Cayuga Lake to be found. In the absence of any other authentic material Say's specimens must be taken as typical of desidiosa. A close analysis of Say's description would seem to indicate that he did not have the shell before him which has so long borne the name of desidiosa. He says " It is closely allied to elodes, but the whorls are more convex, one less in number, and the two terminal ones are proportionately smaller."1 This statement is repeated in the Amer- ican Conchology. This statement of its relation to elodes would 'Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci., ii, p. 169. THE NAUTILUS. 21 scarcely have been made by Say, who possessed a peculiarly dis- criminating sense of minute differences between shells, if he had been describing the shell now known as desidiosa. The size of the Philadelphia specimens (15 mill.) also corresponds pretty well with the size given by Say (T75 of an inch = about 17 mill.). The most convincing fact to the writer is the presence of a specimen of " desidiosa " of authors in the Philadelphia Academy marked " Lymnaea , Canandaigua Lake, T. Say" (No. 58732), showing that the form usually called desidiosa is not the one so called by Say. Prof. Edward S. Morse, who made the drawings for Binney's work, has been unable to give any information concerning the specimen figured by Binney. Last summer the writer made three trips to Cayuga Lake, one to the south end at Ithaca and two to the north end at the town of Cayuga, with the hope of securing specimens which would cor- respond with Say's specimens. Three whole days were spent in exploring several miles of the shore and the small creeks, and while specimens of both palustris and obrussa were obtained, not a single specimen was found which agreed with Say's desidiosa. The palus- tris were the large, thin-shelled form and the obrussa were rather small specimens, not at all like the description or specimens of desidiosa. As Say gave no particular part of Cayuga Lake as the identical spot in which the types were collected, it renders the task of finding locotypes well nigh impossible, since the lake is 68 miles in length. Recently, Miss Mary Walker, of Buffalo, New York, sent the writer a number of shells from Young's Quarry, Williamsville, New York, which are identical with Say's specimens of desidiosa, having the same number of whorls and almost the same measurements. These are given for comparison: Say's specimens: Length 15.00, breadth 7.50, aperture length 8.00, breadth 3.00 mill. Length 14.25, breadth 7.50, aperture length 7.75, breadth 3.50 mill. Miss "Walker's specimens: Length 15.00, breadth 8.00, aperture length 8.00, breadth 4.00 mill. Length 14.00, breadth 8.00, aperture length 8.00, breadth 3.50 mill. 22 THE NAUTILUS. Say's figure in the American Conchology (plate 55, fig. 3) cor- responds with the specimens from Williauisville, all having the peculiar obese body whorl. Say himself identifies desidiosa from western New York in Long's expedition, II, p. 263, where he says, '' Lymneus desidiosus nob. Falls of Niagara." The history of desidiosa in the American monographs is interesting and clearly indicates that since Say's time little attention has been given to closely analyzing this species. In all of his references Say distinctly indicates a shell of the palustris type. Haldeman describes and figures the form now distinguished as obrussa and not the true desidiosa (compare his plate with Say's figure 3). Many of Haldeman's figures are abnormal and do not represent obrussa as it is usually developed. Tryon, in his contin- uation of Haldeman's work, (p. 104) states' that many of the figures on this plate are not desidiosa but a form of columella (inacrostoma). In this statement Tryon is wrong and could scarcely have seen Haldeman's specimens, for a recent examination proved them all to be referable to obrussa (desidiosa of authors) although as stated above several of the specimens are abnormal. The writer has col- lected many specimens similar to those figured on Haldeman's plate. Binney, in his Land and Fresh-water Shells of North America, Part II, makes obrussa a synonym of desidiosa, thus showing that he considered the latter the small, smooth form and not the true desidiosa of Say and his figure 68 is questionable for the reason and is probably of a long-spired obrussa. In Baker's Mollusca of the Chicago Area obrussa is described and figured as desidiosa. Recently Dr. -W. H. Ball, in his Alaska Mollusks (p. 73, fig. 51) figures Say's obrussa under desidiosa, but also refers in his synonymy to Binney's figure 68. The European monographs have given figures referable to obrussa rather than to desidiosa. Amidst the uncertainties caused by the absence of Say's types we must look for a shell which is closely allied to elodes, but is smaller, with more convex whorls, and possesses 5 instead of 6 full whorls. Such a shell is found in the autotypes of desidiosa in the Philadel- phia Academy, and this type of shell occurs in several localities in the eastern part of the United States, and is easily separable from any other known species or variety. The spire varies considerably, being short, or long, or even scalariform. There are from 2 to 5 rest varices on the whorls. THE NAUTILUS. Desidiosa, then, differs from obntssa (desidiosa of authors) in it4 THE NAUTILUS. Mollusca are exceedingly few and far between, I feel that my list is sufficiently complete for publication at this time. During the present year, the heavy rises and great floods have played havoc with the various species of univalves inhabiting our smaller streams. In 1907 a light-colored variety of Planorbis tumidus Pfr. was found in Waco Creek in countless thousands but in July of the present year repeated visits to the most favorable places on this stream failed to result in the finding of a single living specimen. In April, 1908, I collected a large number of examples of Lymncea bulirnoides techella Hald and Physa mexicana conoidea C. & F. in a small stream flowing through Lindsey's Hollow. As my time was limited, I left the collecting of a still larger series until another time. A month later, during the flood, all of the mollusks in the stream were washed into the Brazos River. On the other hand, the drying-up of most of the smaller water courses in the latter part of the summer is also responsible for the destruction of many species. In places along Hog Creek, during the dry season, I have found thousands of fresh dead shells of Physa forsheyi Lea, Planorbis bicarinatus Say and Planorbis tumidus Pfr. lying together in one heap. In the same place, on a bed of sand and gravel, I have found half-grown living examples of Anodonta im- becilis Say. The bed of this stream, in some places, is composed of pebbles and small boulders to a depth of 18 or 20 inches, and when the naiads are left high and dry it is impossible for them to burrow down to the line of moisture. At Day's Lake I have found living specimens of a variety of Unio tetralasmus Say that must have been out of the water for several months. They were half buried in a bank of dry earth about five feet above the water line. This Unio is much more tenacious of life than our species of Quadrula and Lampsilis, as a very few hours in the sun usually suffices to kill them. Thanks are due to Mr. Bryant Walker of Detroit who kindly identified most of the species on the list. Also to Mr. W. B. Marshall, U. S. Natl. Mus. Washington, D. C., and Dr. W. S. Strode, Lewistown, 111., to whom the others were referred. THE NAUTILUS. 65 Helicina orbiculata tropica Jan. Praticolella berlandieriana Mor- icand. Praticolella griseola Pfr. Polygyra dorfeuilliana Lea. Polygyra dorfeuilliana sampsoni Weth. Polygyra mooreana W. G. B. Polygyra texasiana Mori can d. Polygyra roemeri Pfr. Polygyra monodon fraterna Say. Bulimulus dealbatus liquabilus Rve. Bilimulus dealbatus mooreanus Pfr. Bulimulus dealbatus schiedi- anus Pfr. Strobilops labyrinthica texasi- ana P. & F. Pupoides marginatus Say. Bifidaria armifera Say. Bifidaria contracta Say. Bifidaria tappaniana C. B. Ad. Bifidaria pentodon Say. Bifidaria procera cristata P.& F. Bifidaria pellucida hordeacella Pils. Vitrea sculptilis Bland. Vitrea indentata Say. Vitrea indentata umbilicata Singley. Vitrea dalliana roemeri P. & F. Euconulus fulvus Mull. 'Euconulus chersinus trochulus Reinh. Zonitoides arboreus Say. Zonitoides minusculus Binn. Zonitoides singleyanus Pils. Limax flavus Linn. Philomycus carolinensis Bosc. Pyramidula alternata Say. Helicodiscus eigenmanni P. & F. Punctum pygmoeuni Drap. Succinea avara Say. Carychium exile II. C. Lea. Planorbis bicarinatus Say. Planorbis liebmanni Pfr. Planorbis parvus Say. Planorbis trivolvis Say. Planorbis tumidus Pfr. Physa mexicana Ph. Physa mexicana conoidea C.& F. Physa forsheyi Lea. Physa rhomboidea Crandall. Physa osculans Hald. Amnicola peracuta P. & W. Lymnaea desidiosa Say. (Variety?) Lymnaea bulimoides techella Hald. Calyculina transversa Say. Tritogonia tuberculata Barnes. Quadrula forsheyi Lea. Quadrula aurea Lea. Quadrula pustulosa Lea. (Smooth variety.) Anodonta imbecilis Say. Lampsilis gracilis Barnes. Lampsilis purpuratus Lamarck. (Variety.) Lampsilis berlandieri Lea. Lampsilis berlandieri Lea. (Va- riety.) Lampsilis anodontoides Say. Lampsilis parvus Barnes. Lampsilis texasensis Lea. Lampsilis ventricosus satur Lea. Lampsilis laevissimus Lea. Plagiola macrodon Lea. Unio tetralasmus Say. Unio tetralasmus manubius Say. Unio tetralasmus camptodon Say. 66 THE NAUTILUS. NOTES. Polygyra mooreana W. G. B. Near the gravel pit north of Waco, I found two adult and three juvenile specimens of a variety of tins species with a hirsute epi- dermis. Three of these were found under a rock lying at the foot of gravel bank. A fourth was attached to the under side of a plank lying across a spring about three or four yards away. The fifth ex- ample was crawling around in the damp grass about a yard from the spring. In the living specimen, the hairs are very conspicuous and stand straight out from the shell. Living examples of the ordinary type were afterwards found on all the surrounding elevations, but the hirsute variety seems to be confined to the vicinity of the spring. Limax flavus L. This species is now common, but must have been introduced within the last three years. Prior to that time a great many slugs were collected by students of the Biological Department of Baylor University. These are now in the University Museum, and all prove to be specimens of the native species Philomycus carolinensis Bosc. Most of my examples of L.flavus were captured during the spring of the present year. Planorbis trivolvis Say. This pond snail is rare. All of the examples I have seen came from Day's Lake about five miles notheast of Waco. Planorbis tumidus Pfr. This species is our most abundant Planorbis. A large, light- colored variety was formerly abundant in Waco Creek. A small, depressed form is found in Hog Creek in considerable numbers. Physa sp. Imperfect specimens of an indeterminate Physa were picked out of drift material on the Middle Bosque River. The spire was broken in all these specimens and while Bryant Walker stated that he was certain that they were different from anything that I had sent him before, he was unwilling to attempt to name them until he could ex- amine more perfect material. Lymnsea sp. We have at least one other species of Lymncza but of this form only juvenile examples, too young for determination, have been collected. Quadrula pustulosa Lea. THE NAUTILUS. 67 A smooth variety of this species is found associated with Quadrula aurea Lea. In this variety there are only a few small pustules near the umbones and in some specimens even these are lacking. Speci- mens identified by F. C. Baker and Bryant Walker. Several pus- tulous shells of this species that were supposed to have been collected in this county, prove to have come from southern Illinois. Lampsilis purpuratus Lamarck (Variety). A number of shells from near Mussel Island in the North Bosque River were first identified as typical L. purpuratus Lk. Later ex- amples of the same type were identified as typical L. bertandieri by Dr. W. S. Strode and Mr. Bryant Walker. The last-mentioned gentleman found three different forms in a second sending from the same locality. These he designates as Lampsilis berlandieri Lea. Lampsilis berlandieri Lea var. Lampsilis purpuratus Lamarck var. The variety of L. berlandieri Lk., is very variable in the color of the nacre which ranges from white, through pink and salmon, to dark purple. These shells were found in the ripples above Mussel Island while the examples of the typical form and the specimens of L. purpuratus var., were found in a large bed some distance below. DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES OF ACHATINELLIDAE, FROM THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. BY D. D. BALDWIN. Partulina winniei n. sp. Shell sinistral, subperforate, rather thin, elongately conical, apex subacute; surface shining, striated with fine growth lines, and under a lens showing very close and delicate decussating spiral striae ; nuclear whorls faintly decussated. Color white, striped and mottled irregularly with longitudinal dark brown streaks ; apex white. Whorls 6, slightly convex, margined above. Aperture oblique, oval, purplish-white within. Peristome acute, thickened within, columellar margin reflexed. Columella terminating in a slight, flexuous, white fold. Length 16; diam. 8 mm. 68 THE NAUTILUS. Habitat, Kahakuloa, West Maui. This shell is the Maui counterpart of Part, theodorei, Bald., a much larger shell found on the Island of Molokai. Named in honor of Miss Winnie of Walluku, Maui. Partulina mutabilis, n. sp. Shell dextral or sinistral, minutely perforated, somewhat solid, acuminately conical, apex subacute ; surface shining, marked with delicate incremental striae, under a lens exhibiting very close decus- sating, spiral striae ; apical whorls smooth. Color varying from pure white to dark fulvous, often variously striped with brown lines and bands, some on the base and others spiral. Whorls 6, convex, margined above, suture well impressed. Aperture oblique, oval, white within, columella margin reflexed. Peristome acute, thick- ened within. Columella terminating in a well-developed, flexuous white fold. Length 16 ; diam. 10 mm. Habitat, Waichu Valley, West Maui. This shell seems to be the Maui counterpart of Partulina varia- bilis, Nc. a larger shell which is found on the neighboring island of Lanai. Laminella duoplicata, n. sp. Shell sinistral, sometimes slightly perforated, thin, elongately con- ical, apex obtuse ; surface shining, marked with fine growth striae, nuclear whorls smooth. Color light yellow, marked with somewhat regular black lineations, apex black, whorls six , convex ; suture well impressed. Aperture a little oblique, oval, white within. Peristome simple, very thin. Columella white, biplicate, the terminal plication a thin, oblique lamellar plait, the inner one less prominent. Length 12 ; diam. 6 mm. Habitat, Waichu Valley, West Maui. This and the following species are important additions to the Laminellae of Maui. The only previously described Maui species of this section are Lam. picta, Migh., Lam. alexandri, Nc. and Lam. erecta Pse. Laminella aspera, n. sp. Shell sinistral, minutely perforated, thin, conical, apex obtuse, TIIK NAUTILUS. 69 surface exhibiting very coarse and irregular growth striae. Color yellow, plain or marked with irregular black lineations, apex black. Whorls 6, convex; suture well impressed. Aperture a little oblique, sub-rotund, yellowish within. Peristome simple, very thin. Colum- ella white, biplicate, not prominent. Length 10; diam. 7 mm. Habitat, Wailuku valley, West Maui. This species is remarkable for the very coarse and irregular growth strias exhibited on its surface. Cotypes of these species deposited in the Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. will be figured in the next volume of the Manual of Conchology. THE MIOCENE SPECIES OF LYMNAEA. BY T. D. A. COCKERELL. In Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., Dec., 1906, I described two small species of Lymnaa from the miocene beds of Florissant. In 1907, at station 1, I found a much larger species, unfortunately not in the best state of preservation. 1 hoped to find more material in 1908, but as none was obtained, a description from the original type is now offered. Lymncea florissantica, n. sp. Length 21 mm.; diameter about 10^; spire short, scarcely over 5 mm. long, the whorls moderately convex ; body-whorl not very con- vex, with coarse, shallow, vertical grooves. In Baker's key in his Mollusca of the Chicago Area, it runs nearest to L. palustris, but it is not at all like that species. It is in reality a miocene representa- tive of L. emarginata. In Mr. O. O. Nylander's series of figures of L. emarginata (published by the author in a pamphlet, 1901), it closely resembles PI. 1, f. 7, except that it is distinctly more slender, and the base is narrower, about as in fig. 8, though the rest of the shell is not at all like fig. 8. The following table separates the miocene species of Lymncea. Spire short and rather obtuse, body-whorl large 1 . 70 THE NAUTILUS. Spire rather or quite long, acute, the apex slender 2. 1. Length over 20 mm., apparently related to L. emarginata . . . L. florissantica, n. sp. Length 6 mm. or less, perhaps related to L. catascopium . . L. scudderi Ckll. 2. Small species, about 8 mm. long, closely related to L. truncatula . L. sieverti Ckll. Larger species, over 18 mm. long . 3. 3. Smaller, aperture about half length of shell ; apparently re- lated to L. palustris . . . . L. shumardi Meek & Hayden. Larger, aperture over half length of shell ; apparently related to L. stagnalis L. meekii Evans & Shumard. L. slmmardi and meekii are from the White R. beds ; the others are from Florissant. Lymncza was extraordinarily well developed in the Oligocene of Britain. As my memory serves me it seems that the minor modern groups were already well marked, arid it may be considered probable that the types of L. stagnalis, palustris and truncatula, at least, were developed first in the old woi'ld, and reached America during the tertiary period. This is also suggested by the fact that the older (Laramie and Eocene) American species of LymncRa, do not suggest the modern circumpolar groups. FALSE SHELLS. BY C. W. JOHNSON. Among the many specimens received from young collectors for determination there are occasionally non-molluscan forms so closely re- sembling shells, that they have been mistaken for mollusks ; in fact, they have even deceived some of the more experienced concholo- gists. In the more primitive Crustacea, including the Phyllopoda, espe- cially in the family Estheriidtz and the Gladocera and Ostracoda, the carapace is largely developed and forms a broad oval shell covering THE NAUTILUS. 71 entirely or most of the body, and divided into right and left halves, and hinged together on the dorsal line, thus giving the appearance of a bivalve mollusk. Some of the insects also afford interesting examples. The larvae of several species of caddice-flies, including the genus Helicopsyche, make spiral cases in which they live clinging to the rocks and stones in rapidly flowing streams. The little spiral cases composed of grains of sand, fastened together with silken threads resemble so closely the form of a Trochus or Valvata that Swainson (Treatise on Malacology, p. 353, f. 113, 1840), described one as the Thelidomus braziliensis, placing it in the family Trochidae, sub-family Rotellina. Dr. Isaac Lea (Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., iv, 104, pi. xv, f. 33, 1830), described a similar larva case as Valvata arenifera. In the Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, xxi, p. 1, 1884, Robert McLachlan describes and figures an " extraordinary heliciform lepidopterous larva case from East Africa." These closely resem- ble a high-spired Helix or Vivipara, both sinistral and dextral. The larva case of an allied species of Southern Europe, Psyche (Cochloplanes) helix is also figured, having the form of a small irregular helicoid shell. Larvae of the genus Microdon of the dip- terous family Syrphidce have twice been described as land mollusks. Numerous worm tubes of the family Serpulidce formed by species of Ditrupa and Pomatoceras have frequently been described as Dentalium (see Pilsbry and Sharp, Manual Conch., xvii, 240). NOTES. CAUGHT IN A LIVING TRAP. — In the window of a Salem, Mass., store may be seen a unique sight, that of a kingfisher held tightly in the grip of a mussel. The story is this : This forenoon patrolman Michael J. Little while crossing Beverly bridge, saw the bird fluttering on the flats, and he asked a fisher- man to investigate. The latter went to the spot and there found the bird drowned. It had swooped down and poked its bill into the open shell of a mussel, which suddenly closed on the bill of the bird. There the the two remained, until the incoming tide drowned the bird. Hun- dreds have viewed the singular sight today. — (Boston Globe). 72 THE NAUTILUS. MARTYN'S UNIVERSAL CONCHOLOGT — In the course of his very instructive paper on " Thomas Martyn and the Universal Concholo- gist," in the Proc. U. S. N. M., xxix, 1905, Dr. William H. Dall writes as follows (p. 425), " I am not aware of any other copies of the " Universal Conchologist " in America than the one I have described [a copy in the U. S. National Museum comprising the first eighty plates] and a similar copy in the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. Later in his " Supplementary Notes, etc.," in the same Proceedings, vol. xxxiii, 1907, p. 185, Dr. Dall describes a third copy in the possession of Mr. John B. Henderson, Jr., of Wash- ington, likewise consisting of eighty plates, " elegantly bound." It may be of interest to readers of THE NAUTILUS, especially those residing on the Pacific Coast, to know that there is a fourth copy of this rare work in the library of the Leland Stanford Junior University. This copy comprises all four volumes of the work, including beautiful impressions of the entire 161 plates, and is complete save for the ex- planatory table for the plates of the third volume. The series was the gift of Mr. Timothy Hopkins, and in this case, also, each volume is " elegantly bound." A copy of the prospectus of the work, simi- lar to the one described by Dr. Dall is laid into the first volume. Beyond this the copy agrees very well with those already described by Dr. Dall. S. S. BERRY. HELIX ARBUSTORUJI var. ROSEOLABIATA. — The var. roseolabi- ata, described as new by Mr. Schlesh in NAUTILUS, October, p. 55, is var. roseolabiata Roberts, described from the British Islands many years ago. T. D. A. COCKERELL. MR. J. H. FERRISS, who has been getting snails, ferns and health in the Chiricahua range, Arizona, expects to return about Novem- ber 15th. He has not yet turned up the multicornis — a shell re- ported to be as big as a tin-cup, with horns — but he has found many other good things. THE NAUTILUS, XXII. PLATE V. ALDRICH: NEW EOCENE MOLLUSCA. THE NAUTILUS. VOL. XXII. DECEMBER, 19O8. No. 8. A NEW HAWAIIAN KALIELLA. BT H. A. PILSBRY AND E. G. VANATTA. KALIELLA GAETANOI n. sp. Fig. 1. The shell is perforate, thin, cream-white (the specimens being fossil). Spire straightly conic, the apex rather obtuse. First 1^ whorls white, smooth and convex; following whorls are flattened, finely, rather weakly and irregularly striate radially, the base being irreg- ularly radially striate, with fine micro- scopic engraved spiral lines. Whorls 5^, very slowly widening, the last acutely carinate, this carina showing immediately above the suture as a narrow seam. The base is convex. The aperture is narrow, truncate at the ends, basal and parietal margins parallel. Columellar margin is short, subvertical, with the edge narrowly expanded. Alt. 2.87 ; diam. 4.84 mm. Palihoukapapa, Hawaii, fossil. Type No. 95779 A. N. S. P., from No. 4730 of Mr. D. Thaanum's collection. Kaliella subtilissima (Gld.) and K. konaensis Sykes are both less elevated species, otherwise related. Named for the discoverer of the Hawaiian Islands. FIG. 1. 74 THE NAUTILUS. NEW EOCENE FOSSILS FROM ALABAMA AND MISSISSIPPI. BY T. H. ALDRICH. KELLIA INTERSTRIATA n. sp. PL v, figs. 1, 2. Shell orbicular, slightly inequilateral, very much the shape of a tumid Diplodonta, surface smooth except in the medial part where it is distinctly striated. These striae are rather coarse, extending to the basal margin, but they stop at the umbo. Beaks rounded, fairly prominent, pointing inward, and terminate directly above one of the semi-laterals ; no lunule. Dentition normal. Length, breadth and thickness about 5 mm. LOCALITY. Enterprise, Miss. Top of Burrstone. REMARKS : This shell has the general shape and outline of K. suborbicularis, Mont., also a similar dentition. It is peculiar in carrying the medial striations. Kellia prima Aldr. is a Bornia according to Prof. W. H. Dall. CANCELLARIA ? SOTOENSIS n. sp. PI. v. fig. 3. Shell small, whorls about seven, the first two and a half embryonic and smooth, the cancellation beginning on the second half of the third whorl : the remaining whorls strongly cancellated, the body whorl contains 12 spiral lines, while the longitudinals are nearly three times as many ; slightly nodular at the intersection points, suture very deep. Whorls strongly rounded. Base somewhat rounded. Aperture oblong, outer lip denticulated within, inner lip rather twisted, and carrying a small fold near the base. Umbilicus not entirely closed. Length 8 mm. ; width body whorl 3 mm. LOCALITY. De Soto, Miss. Claibornian. REMARKS : This little shell is more slender in shape than the drawing shows, and the suture is much more deeply impressed. It has somewhat the aspect of a Scala. CORBULA CLARKEANA n. sp. PI. V, figs. 4, 5. Shell small, medium thickness, valves moderately inflated. Beaks not very prominent, polished, a groove running from beaks to base in the largest specimens, nearly in the middle of the shell. Valves marked with a few impressed lines of growth wide apart ; the outer THE NAUTILUS. 75 surface having a polished look ; smooth internally, cardinal tooth large, projecting. Lon. 3£ mm. ; alt. 3 mm. LOCALITY. Wood's Bluff, Ala. REMARKS : This little shell differs from any Corbula known to the writer by its polished appearance, and its few impressed lines, rare. One small valve does not have any depression running from beak to base, but is quite regularly rounded. ARCA (BARBATIA) LIGNITIFERA n. sp. PI. v, figs. 6, 7. Shell small, thin, extremities rounded, moderately convex, beaks small and flattened ; surface marked by many radial riblets crossed by irregularly spaced lines of growth ; a depressed area running from beaks to base nearly central ; valves smooth internally, but showing faint lines corresponding to some of the riblets. Hinge line long, slightly curved ; the hinge carries four close-set teeth anteriorly, next a short vacant space, and then ten to thirteen small teeth, larger and more nearly parallel to the hinge line as they approach the posterior. Lon. 5 mm. ; alt. 3 mm. LOCALITY. Six miles east of Thomasville, Ala., Wood's Bluff horizon. SlGARETUS (EUNATICINA) ERECTOIDES n. Sp. PI. V, figS. 8, 9. Shell small, thin, whorls five rapidly enlarging, apex somewhat twisted ; the first two whorls smooth, the others covered with very numerous fine raised lines which become coarser on the body whorl. Aperture oblong, nearly twice as long as broad ; outer lip slightly thickened ; umbilicus channeled, and slightly open. Lon. 6^ mm.; diam. 4 mm. LOCALITY. De Soto, Miss., Claibornian. REMARKS : This little shell has very much the form of a small Succinea, and resembles in miniature the living forms of the subgenus. VERTICORDIA (HALIRIS) GRANULOIDES n. sp. PI. v, fig. 10. Shell small, rather rotund, surface with numerous rounded ribs, about nineteen in the type; they are granulated under a glass, and rather scabrous between the ribs, especially on the anterior. Pos- terior slope slightly angulated ; basal margin crenulated. The riba 76 THE NAUTILUS. also show through the body of the shell. Beak small and smooth, the cardinal tooth strongly projecting. Lon. 2^ mm.; alt. 2^ mm. LOCALITY. Wood's Bluff, Ala. REMARKS : This species is mentioned by Prof. Ball as Vertieor- dia sp. indet. The description is made from a good specimen found by the writer. The shell is rather small for even this genus. ACTEON POMILIUS Con., var. MULTANNULATUS. n. var. PI. v. fig. 11. The specimen here figured differs from the typical form by having much more numerous raised lines with shallower interspaces. The spire is higher and the shell more slender. The Acteon found by me at Wood's Bluff is different from the form figured by Prof. G. D. Harris, not having any smooth space on the body-whorl. These so- called species appear to belong in one basket. Height 9 mm.; diam. 6 mm. LOCALITY. Six miles east of Thomasville, Ala., Wood's Bluff beds. LEPTON VAUGHANI n. sp. PI. V, fig. 12. Shell small, surface smooth and shining ; lines of growth very fine, shell rather triangular in shape, longer than high ; slightly inequila- teral. Muscular scars showing, the posterior one rather long and narrow. Long. 3 mm. ; alt. 2 mm. LOCALITY. Wood's Bluff, Ala. REMARKS : This species seems to be an undoubted member of this genus, as it has the proper dentition ; some specimens are equi- lateral. Named in honor of T. Wayland Vaughn of the U. S. Geo- logical Survey. This seems to be the first Lepton found in the Eocene. NEW LAND SHELLS FROM ARIZONA AND NEW MEXICO. BY GEO. H. CLAPP. Bifidaria ( Chcenaxis) tuba subsp. intuscostata. Differs from the type, externally, by its larger size, length 4, diam. 2 mm. and the greater number of whorls, 6J. The smallest normal THE NAUTILUS. 77 (hell measured is 3£x l£ mm. with about 5£ whorls, and the largest 4^ x 2 mm. with 6| whorls. Internally there is a strong lamella on the columella, which can only be seen by breaking the shell, about 2 whorls long in fully adult shells. Examination of a large number of shells of all ages shows that this lamella is a mark of maturity, as it does not appear until after the angular, parietal and outer columellar lamellae have begun to form. The arrangement and number of the other lamellae and plicae are the same as in the type, with the usual variation as to extra denticles, ordinarily seen in Bifidaria. The body whorl is decidedly angular at the umbilicus, and flattened below the periphery. Foothills of the Plumosa Range, about eight miles east of Quartz- site, Yuma county, Arizona, in drift. Collected by Mr. Geo. S. Hutson. Type No. 5769 of my collection. Cotypes in Academy Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, and U. S. National Museum. In the peck or more of drift from which these shells were picked, there were only two other species, Bifidaria hordeacella Pils. and Pupoides marginatus (Say), with not even a fragment of anything else. In the Eagle Tail Mountains, twelve miles north of Kofa, Yuma county, at an altitude of about 2,000 feet, Mr. Hutson found a form which is apparently intermediate between the type and intuscostata, in that the columellar lamella is weaker and does not extend in so far. This is probably the form referred to by Pilsbry in Proc. A. N. S., 1906, page 146, taken by the late Dr. Ashmun at Tempe", Maricopa county. The habitat given by Hutson is : " In moist places among piles of loose rock covered by decaying cactus. Asso- ciated with these were also Bif, hordeacella and P. marginatus. The finding of this species in Cochise, Maricopa and Yuma counties, shows a distribution of B. tuba clear across the territory. ASHMUNELLA KOCHII n. sp. Shell very much depressed, almost flat above, convex below, car- inated, the carina about in the plane of the upper surface ; sutures well impressed, whorls 5^ ; surface almost smooth, with faint and closely-set incremental lines ; nuclear whorl and a half finely granu- lated ; base convex, flattened around the umbilical region ; umbilicus deep, about 1^ mm. wide, showing a full turn of the penultimate 78 THE NAUTILUS. whorl, termination of the body-whorl sharply descending at the aperture to about the middle of the whorl. Aperture very oblique ; lip obtusely angled and almost perpendicular below the middle of the whorl ; strongly constricted behind the reflected lip ; peristome well expanded above, narrower below, somewhat flexuous, united over the body by a thin callus ; parietal lamellae two, converging, but not united at the inner end into a V; the lower lamella stout, sinuous, the outer end bent sharply towards the umbilicus; the upper lamella low, narrow and straight, starting near the upper in- sertion of the lip and terminating back of the front end of the lower lamella ; basal part of the peristome with two strong lamellae trans- verse to the lip, the upper ends converging and united at the base on the lip, forming a U ; a broader and less transverse lamella set more deeply within the aperture on the upper lip, a small internal lamella on the base of the body whorl about three or four mm. long, showing faintly through the shell. Greater diameter 20^, lesser 18, alt. 6| mm. Black Mountain, at the southern end of the San Andreas Range, Donna Ana county, New Mexico, at an elevation of about 6,800 feet. This interesting shell was first collected by Mr. Walter E. Koch over a year ago. He sent me one perfect and one broken shell. Lately he has sent me three additional specimens, also dead. He reports dead shells quite plentiful in the crevices of a limestone cliff, but was unable to find living ones. I take great pleasure in naming the shell after him. Type no. 5765 of my collection. A. kochii is undoubtedly closely related to A. mearnsii, but is very much larger, more strongly carinated, and differs markedly in the umbilical region. Both of these species will be figured on plate VI, to appear next month. NOTES ON THE GENUS 8TEOBILOPS. BY HENRY A. PILSBRY. The small forest-snails known as Strobilops are spread throughout all parts of North America east of the Rockies where sylvan condi- tions prevail, from Canada to Florida, Mexico and Central America. THE NAUTILUS. 79 Southward the genus extends to Venezuela, and even to the Gala- pagos Islands, if I am right in referring the little snail described as Endodonta helleri Dall to this genus. For many years similar snails have been known from the European Tertiaries, beginning with the Eocene and running up with numer- ous species through the Miocene, when the group apparently died out in that region, though many of its companion groups survived.1 Pdre Heude, the keen and brilliant Jesuit missionary-naturalist, described the first Asiatic Strobilops, in his memoirs on Chinese snails, under the name Helix diodontina. He did not recognize its kinship with other forms of Strobilops, nor has this been noticed by any other author until the present year, when the receipt of specimens of a Strobilops from Korea gave occasion for referring the Chinese H. diodontina to its proper genus. The Korean species, which I have decribed as Strobilops hirasei* is conic, like most American species, but it is simply striate instead of being ribbed. Quite lately a third Asiatic species has been sent by Mr. Hirase, discovered in the main island of Japan. It will be described in the Japanese Conchological Magazine. The finding of three species, in China, Korea and Japan, indicates Eastern Asia as another evolution-center for species of Strobilops. Probably still more will turn up there as the country is further explored. But this is not all. Several years ago Dr. O. von Moellendorff described several small snails from the Philippine Islands under the generic name Plectopylis : P. quadrasi with a variety brunnescens from Luzon, and P. trochospira from Bohoi. In his able and ex- haustive work on Plectopylis? Mr. G. K. Gude has erected a sub- genus Enteroplax for these species, rightly holding that they differ markedly from true Plectopylis. In reality, these Philippine snails are nothing more or less than Strobilops, having the form, sculpture, peristome and internal armature of this genus, the entering lamellae or cords on the parietal wall being minutely nodose, as in American and East Asiatic Strobilops. These Philippine species will stand as Strobilops quadrasi (Mlldff.) and Strobilops trochospira (Mlldff.). 1 The identification of S. labyrinthica as a European fossil, recorded in Wood- ward's Manual and copied in some American works, is erroneous. The foreign species is quite distinct. »The Magazine of Concbology, II, p. 39, figs. Y. Hirase, Kyoto, 1908. •The Armature of Helicoid Land Shells, Science Gossip, 1899, p. 149. 80 THE NAUTILUS. As to the place of origin of Strobilops we have no reliable data. The presence of typical forms of the genus in the Eocene shows that the group is a very old one, evolved in the Mesozoic. It is, more- over, strikingly distinct from all other genera, and wonderfully con- servative in general morphology. Until information from Mesozoic strata comes to hand, we can only surmise with some probability that Strobilops arose somewhere in the northern hemisphere. It probably overran the entire Holarctic realm a long time ago, pushing south- ward into the Oriental region and the American tropics at a time remote enough to permit the evolution of strongly marked species in these areas. ANOTHEB LARGE MIOCENE 8CALA, BY W. H. DALL. Mr. W. W. Atwood of the U. S. Geological Survey has been making a study of the Miocene strata of Alaska Peninsula and the Shumagin Islands during the past summer, and collected a number of interesting fossils. Among these is a specimen of a species of Scala, or Epitonium, belonging to the group of giant Scalidae which is so characteristic of the Miocene of Oregon and some other parts of the Pacific coast. The list comprised the following species already described and figured. Opalia rugifera Dall, Arctoscala condoni Dall, Catenoscala oregonensis Dall ; together with the species about to be described. The type of Arcto- scalu is A. greenlnndica Perry, a recent species. Opalia rugifera is a member of the group represented in the San Diego Pliocene by 0. varicostata Stearns, and in the recent fauna by 0. borealis Gould. Catenoscala is a new group in which the anterior third of the whorl is covered with a thick layer of enamel. Epitonium (Acrilla) atwoodi n. sp. Shell large, with rotund whorls rapidly increasing in size ; sur- face covered with a low reticulate sculpture comprising low axial lamellae, about 1.5 mm. apart on the periphery of the whorls, slightly THE NAUTILUS. 81 retractive, pinched together and more prominent, and slightly angu- larly bent, at the suture ; these are crossed by low rounded threads, with wider interspaces, about a dozen on the penultimate whorl between the sutures ; the surface is also finely sharply axially striate ; the aperture is rounded, the outer lip slightly reflected and crenulate by the spiral threads, but not thickened ; whorls more than five, closely adjacent ; base (?); max. diam. 34 ; diam. at the truncate apex 10.0; alt. of five whorls (the apex lost) about 60.0 mm. The type specimen of this fine species, consisting of internal and external casts, was collected about five miles south of the head of Port Holler, in the pass leading across Alaska Peninsula called Low Pass Canon, U. S. Nat. Mus. 111072. Illustrations are in preparation. (Published by permission of the Director of the U. S. Geological Survey.) DESCRIPTION OF A MEXICAN LAMP8ILI8 BY H. A. PILSBRY AND L. S. FRIERSON. Lampsilis iridella P. & F. The shell is oblong, wider posteriorly, with the beaks at the ante- rior two-ninths of the length ; anterior end rounded ; posterior part sloping above, subtruncate at the end, compressed below the hinge. Surface glossy, smoothish, obliquely corrugated along the posterior slope (but sometimes very indistinctly so), and usually having a group of short impressed lines or furrows vertical to the basal margin, near the middle of the disk. Of a dull straw or pale greenish color, pro- fusely marked with green rays, which are usually quite distinct and narrow. The valves are thin, nacre bluish silvery, very iridescent posteriorly. Cardinal teeth small, a single rather stout one in the right valve, two more compressed and generally subequal teeth in the left valve. Lateral teeth very narrow, double in the left, single in the right valve. Length 49, alt. 26, diam. 15 mm. Valles, Mexico. Type no. 93810 A. N. S. P., collected by Mr. A. A. Hinkley. Cotypes in collections of Hinkley and Frierson. 82 THE NAUTILUS. L. iridella,, NAUTILUS, XXII, no. 8, pi. 12, two lower right hand figs. This species was decided to be new when we studied Mr. Hinkley's Mexican shells in 1907, and so indicated in correspondence between the authors and Mr. Hinkley. It was figured as Lampsilis iridella in this journal for December, 1907. It is related to V- popei and U. medellinus (see NAUTILUS, Nov., 1907, p. 80). In this connection attention m'ay be called to the newly-described Lampsilis salinasensis Simpson, in Dall, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1908, p. 181, pi. 30, f. 3, type loc., Salinas River, Coahuila, also reported from Valles River, Valles, Mexico. This form is closely related to L.jimbriata Frierson, from the same place, figured on the same plate of the NAUTILUS with L. iridella. NOTES. A NOTE ON THE TYPE LOCALITY OF PALUDESTRINA SALSA, AT COHASSET, MASS. — The largest and finest specimens were found on rocks and eel-grass in about a foot of water and not more than three hundred yards from where the creek empties into Cohasset harbor. A dam and tide gates over which the salt water flows for only one or two hours at the top of each tide prevent the water at the epot where the shells were found from being as salty as one would expect, while a considerable amount of fresh water received by the upper part of the creek flows out on top of the salt water without mixing with it completely. Therefore the surface water is only brackish, not salt, and forms every winter very good black ice almost to the dam. Specimens were also found on floating plants about a mile further up the creek where the water has practically no salt in it. Dr. Pilsbry had specimens from both localities at the time he described the species — OWEN BRYANT. VALVATA HUMERALIS CALIFORNICA n. subsp. The shell is much more depressed than V- humeralis, the last whorl descending less ; whorls convex below the suture, not flattened there as V. humeralis is. Alt. 2.7, diam. 4 mm. Bear Lake, San Bernardino Mts., California, collected by Mr. S. S. Berry. — H. A. PILSBRY. HERON HELD PRISONER BY CLAM. BLOOMSBURG, PA. — Walk- THE NAUTILUS. 83 ing along the river at Beach Haven, Augustus Remaley saw a fine specimen of blue heron evidently unable to fly. Attracted by the beautiful bird's distress, he discovered that a clam or fresh water mussel had closed tightly about one of the bird's toes and held it so securely that it could not get away. In the bird's mouth was a imall fish — N. Y. Herald, Aug. 16, 1908. TYPE OF AMPULLA BOLTEN — This name, proposed in the Mu- seum Boltenianum p. 110, for species of Achatina, Limicolaria and ffalia, evidently has precedence for some part of this assemblage. I propose to restrict it to the last genus, Ampulla priamus Bolt, being the type — H. A. PILSBRY. THE DEVELOPMENT OF LiTTORiNA — " The eggs of L. litorea, each enclosed in a hat-shaped capsule, are laid freely on the shore, not aggregated together in a gelatinous mass. There are trocho- sphere and veliger stages. L. litorea lives down in the zone of La- minaria and Fucus serratus. L. obtusata lives higher among Fucus vesiculosus ; its larva leaves (he egg as a veliger. L. rudis and L. neritoide.Si which live near high-water mark, are both viviparous. Thus the genus exhibits three stages in the evolution of the land from marine mollusca, with the suppression of larval forms with suc- cessive specialisations of habit." — M. M. TATTERSALL, M. Sc., in The Irish Naturalist, Nov. 1908, p. 238. PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED. REPORTS ON THE DREDGING OPERATIONS OFF THE WEST COAST OF CENTRAL AMERICA TO THE GALAPAGOS, TO THE WEST COAST OF MEXICO, AND IN THE GULF OF CALIFORNIA * * * BY THE U. S. FISH COMMISSION STEAMER "ALBATROSS" DURING 1891. REPORTS ON THE SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF THE EXPEDITION TO THE EASTERN TROPICAL PACIFIC, ETC., " ALBATROSS," 1904-'05. By WILLIAM HEALEY DALL. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. xliii, no. 6, October, 1908. The dredging operations of the "Challenger," " Blake " and "Al- batross" have made us reasonably familiar with the deep water fauna of the western Atlantic, Caribbean Sea and Gulf, but hitherto prac- tically nothing has been known of the deep water fauna off the west- 84 THE NAUTILUS. ern shores of Middle and South America, with which this Report deals. A comparison of the two faunas reveals many interesting facts. The known fauna of the eastern Pacific deep sea contains about 300 species of mollusks, belonging to 134 generic and subgen- eric groups. The Antillean region possesses 174 groups and a much larger number of species. "There are practically no species com- mon to the two regions except at the southern extreme of South America, where a few species extend northward on both shores of the continent, but do not reach the Antillean or Panamic regions." The 300 species known from the Eastern Pacific deep sea fauna belong to 67 families, but 159 of them belong to only 8 families, of which the Turritidse or Pleurotomida (57species), Ledidtz (35 species), Dentaliida and Pectinida are the most abundantly represented. The Antillean deep water fauna has 174 generic and subgeneric groups, against 144 in the Pacific, but of this number only 89 are common to the two regions. Very many characteristic and prolific groups in either fauna are unrepresented in the other. " These statistics would indicate, if confirmed by further researches, that the separation between the abyssal fauna of the Pacific and that of the Antilles is very ancient indeed, for in the shallows many of these groups are represented on both sides of the isthmus of Darien, yet have not yet succeeded in reaching the deep water." The total absence of Tri~ phorida, Cerithiopsidce* Marginellida and Pyramidellidce in deep water on the Pacific side is especially remarkable. Some 254 new species of mollusca are described. A very useful synopsis of the recent species and subspecies of Argonauta is given, 8 species being recognized. Much new and interesting material for the systematic student is given, especially in the Terebrida, Turritidce, Solemyacidce, etc., and as in all of Dr. Ball's papers, there is a large store of information of value far beyond the limits of the particular fauna under consideration. The changes in nomenclature consequent on the resurrection of Bolten's Catalogue, are numerous, and important to those engaged in similar work. Several lists are appended, of interest to those engaged in faunistics : shells from the. reefs and beaches of Easter Island and of Flint Island ; and a single valve of a Pisidium, Corneocyclas magellanicus n. sp., was taken in Magellan Straits, evidently washed in from some adjacent stream. As the pioneer work in a new fauna, this scholarly report will be welcomed by conchologists the world over. THE NAUTILUS, XXII. PLATE VI. 6 8 WALKER. NEW SPECIES OF SOMATOGYRUS AND CLAPPIA. THE NAUTILUS. VOL. XXII. JANUARY, 1909. No. 9. NEW AMNICOLID.E FROM ALABAMA. BY BRYANT WALKER. In the fall of 1907 Mr. Herbert H. Smith explored about twenty- five miles of the Coosa River, lying between Chilton and Coosa counties. Amnicolides were very abundant, and more than 15,000 specimens have been passed under examination. Among them were the several species herein described, which appear to be new. The principal collecting points were Cedar Island, three miles above "Waxahatchee Creek (in THE NAUTILUS, xxi, p. 128, this island was erroneously stated to be that distance above Yellowleaf Creek); The Bar, two miles further down stream, and two and one- half miles above Yellowleaf Creek (the second creek of that name); Butting Ram Shoals, five miles below The Bar; Higgins Ferry, seven miles further down; and Duncan Riffle, seven miles below the Ferry. Duncan Riffle is about twenty-four miles above Wetumpka. This interval still remains for some enterprising collector to explore. All of the Coosa River species collected by Hinkley were also found by Smith, with the exception of Som. aurens. S. hinkleyi, crassus and nanus occurred in great quantity, the latter being the most numerous. S. coosaensis, obtusus and aldrichi were less abund- ant, but were fairly common in some localities. S. constricts still remains the rarest of the Coosan Somatogyri, a bare half-dozen rep- resenting the total catch. An interesting "find" was that of S. substriatus, originally collected by Hinkley at Florence, Ala., and Columbus, Miss. As none of the Amnicolida collected by Mr. Smith in his journey 86 THE NAUTILUS. by boat down the Coosa from Rome, Ga., to Widtiska Shoals, Shelby county, Ala., in 1904-5, have been worked up, it is not at present possible to say how far up the river any of these species extend. SOMATOGYRUS DECIPIENS n. sp. PI. vi, figs. 10 and 11. Shell obtusely conic, imperforate, thick, solid, light greenish- yellow, smooth, lines of growth very fine and inconspicuous. Spire elevated, obtuse; whorls 4, roundly shouldered below the suture, which is well impressed ; body whorl large, shouldered above, flat- tened on the sides and obliquely angled below and descending to the axis. Aperture very oblique, obovate, obtusely angled above and widening toward the base, which is slightly emarginate. Columella concave, with a heavy, wide, flattened callus which extends over the parietal wall. Lip sharp, heavily thickened within. Alt. (fig. 11) (apex eroded) 3^, diam. 2^ mm. Types (No. 28431, Coll. Walker) from the Coosa River at The Bar, Chilton county, Ala. Co-types in the collections of T. H. Aldrich, G. H. Clapp, John B. Henderson, Jr., and the Philadelphia Academy. Also from the Coosa at Cedar Island, Butting Ram Shoals, Higgins Ferry, Duncan Riffle and other points in Coosa and Chilton counties, collected by Smith, and from the Coosa at Wetumpka, five miles above Wetumpka, "Wilsonville, Fort William, and Montevallo, collected by Hinkley. A careful study of many hundreds of specimens has convinced me that under the description of Somatogyrus hinkleyi (NAUTILUS, xxii, p. 135) I confounded two distinct species, one imperforate, and the other perforate. As both the figured types of hinkleyi fortunately belong to the same form, the perforate one, that species will retain the name under the amended description given below. The imper- forate form is the species here described as decipiens. The dis- tinctive characters of the two species are so marked that, once appreciated, there is no difficulty in separating them at sight, and it is a matter of some chagrin that the difference was not realized in the first instance. S. decipiens is a smaller, thicker species than hinkleyi, and always imperforate, without any suggestion of an axial groove. While both species are alike in the elevation of the spire, decipiens is at all stages of growth distinctly biangulate, with the intervening side of the whorl flattened ; in some instances the lower angulation becomes a distinct carina, but this is not usual. THE NAUTILUS. 87 For comparison with the similar state in S. hinkleyi, a young specimen of 3^ whorls (2^ x 1^ mm.) is also figured. (Fig. 10.) The following amended description should be substituted for that originally published for SOMATOGYRUS iiiNKLEYi "Walker. PI. vi, figs. 8 and 9. Somatogyrus hinkleyi Walker, NAUTILUS, xvii, 135, pi. v, figs. 1 and 2. Shell globose, conic, narrowly umbilicate when young and perfo- rate when mature ; light horn-colored, smooth, growth-lines scarcely evident. Spire elevated, obtuse; whorls 4-4^, those of the spire convex, body whorl large, more or less shouldered above, but regu- larly rounded at the periphery, suture deeply impressed. Aperture large, rounded above, somewhat flattened at the base, and decidedly angled at the junction of the lip with the base of the columella, and angular at the upper insertion of the lip; lip simple, acute, in aged examples somewhat thickened within. Columella heavy, callused, flattened and nearly straight, reflected over and nearly concealing the narrow umbilicus, callus thinner on the body wall. For better illustration and comparison with S. decipiens I have refigured the original mature type (tig. 8) and have added another of a young shell (fig. 9) of 3-^ whorls (2^x2 mm.) for the purpose of showing the open umbilicus at that stage; the thin, shining shell and rounded whorls are very characteristic. S. hinkleyi, when mature, has a larger, thinner shell than decipiens, the columellar callus is not so heavy, and the persistent perforation, very rarely entirely obliteiated, as well as the general shape, are distinctive. This species was found by Mr. Smith at the localities mentioned in connection with S. decipiens. SOMATOGYRUS HENDERSONI n. sp. PI. vi, fig. 2. Shell globose, perforate, thick, solid, greenish-horn-color, smooth, lines of growth slight, but regular. Spire short, subacute, whorls 4-4^, flattened above, and roundly shouldered, body-whorl very large, inflated, somewhat constricted immediately below the suture, which is deeply impressed and then flatly expanded and roundly shouldered. Aperture large, subcircular, expanded; lip sharp, cal- lously thickened within, rather abruptly bent in above and meeting the parietal wall at nearly a right angle, broadly rounded below and 88 THE NAUTILUS. curving regularly into the columella. Columella narrow, thickened, rounded and concave, separated below from the body-whorl by a small but profound umbilicus and a strong axial groove, adnate only on the parietal wall, which is heavily callused. Alt. (apex eroded) 4.5, diam. 4.5 mm. Types (No. 28432, Coll. Walker) from Coosa River at Duncan's Riffle, Chilton County, Ala. Co-types in the collections of T. H. Aldrich, G. H. Clapp, J. B. Henderson, Jr., and the Philadelphia Academy. Also from the Coosa at Wilsonville, Ala. This species is about the size and general appearance of S. depres- sus Tryon, and sargenti Pils. It differs from the former in its heavier shell, sub-sutural constriction, large umbilicus and strong axial groove. The latter species is rather larger, not so thick and imperforate. A single specimen from Williamsville was recently sent in by Mr. Hinkley, which was not included in the material sent to me in 1904. Named in honor of Mr. J. B. Henderson, Jr., who has been a hearty supporter of Mr. Smith's work on the Coosa. SOMATOGYRUS PYGM^EUS n. sp. PI. vi, fig. 3. Shell minute, globose-conic, imperforate, rather thin, light green- ish horn-colored, smooth, lines of growth indistinct. Spire obtusely elevated, whorls 4, convex, suture deeply impressed ; body whorl large, convex, regularly rounded, impressed at the axis. Aperture subcircular, not much expanded. Lip simple, sharp, thin, regularly curved from the upper to the columellar extremity. Columella con- cave. Columellar callus narrow, flattened, closely appressed to the body whorl and extended over the parietal wall to the upper inser- tion of the lip. Alt. (apex eroded) 2.5, diam. 2 mm. Types (No. 28433, Coll. Walker) from the Coosa River, at The Bar, Chilton county, Alabama. Co-types in the collections of T. H. Aldrich, G. H. Clapp, J. B. Henderson, Jr., and the Philadelphia Academy. About twenty-five examples of this diminutive species were col- lected at The Bar. It did not occur elsewhere. I have been wholly unable to identify this form as the young of any of the associated species. Though so small, the shells have every appearance of maturity. Compared with j'oung S. nanus of the same s\ze,pygm/f a kirtlandiana Lea. One gravid female was found on August 2, '07, among hundreds of specimens collected ; all four gills were charged, and red. Later in the season, in August, September, October, no gravid females were seen. Quadrula coccinea Conr. Found gravid on June 18, '08 (Nes- hannock Creek, McKean Co., collected by Mr. Dennis Dally on June 22, '08. There were, altogether, about a dozen of them, and in every case the marsupium did not agree with the type of the genus Quadrula, for only the outer gills were charged in their whole extent, and were whitish. This would remove this species from the genus Quadrula, and would place it with Pleurobema. (Baker, '98, p. 80, gives a description of the soft parts, and says " four gills used as marsupium," but this may not be founded upon personal observa- tion, but may have been inferred from the systematic position of the species.) Tritogonia tiiberculata Barn. Gravid, according to Sterki (NAU- TILUS, 21, '07, p. 4» fl P< 03 g ^> bfl -^ n V Q) O O