UBR> NEW Yo botanic CARD'- NewYork State Museum Bulletin Published by The University of the State of New York No. 335 ALBANY, N. Y. January 1944 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Charles C. Adams Ph.D., Director ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM CONTENTS PAGE Accomplishments of the Year. 13 Cooperation with State and Other Organizations 14 State and County Planning 16 State Council of Parks 16 Relation of Museum Exhibits to Schools and Colleges 17 Annual Attendance to Exhibition Halls 19 Information and Publicity 19 Printing and Publications : 19 Condition of the Exhibition Halls and Exhibits 20 Condition of the Storage Facilities 23 Photography and Drafting 24 Museum Collaborator 24 State Museum Council 24 The Historic and Art Collection 25 Summary of the Activities of the Museum Staff 37 Accomplishments by the Relief Agencies for the New York State Museum, 1933-42 49 Annual Financial and Statistical Summary 54 General Administrative Problems and Needs of the State Museum 56 Annual Bibliography of the State Museum 57 Museum Accessions for the Year 59 Index 71 ALBANY THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK 1944 New York State Education Department The New York State Museum, March 9, 1943 The Honorable George D. Stoddard President of the University and Commissioner of Education Sir: I beg to submit herewith the report of the Director of the New York State Museum for the period from July 1, 1941, to June 30, 1942. Very respectfully Charles C. Adams Director Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from IMLS LG-70-15-0138-15 https://archive.org/details/newyorkstatemuse3351newy FEB 1 4 1344 r?/ ^ Vo*'* i0r*N*CU NewYork State Museum Bulletin -^ Published by The University of the State of New York No. 335 ALBANY, N. Y. January 1944 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Charles C. Adams Ph.D., Director ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM CONTENTS PAGE Accomplishments of the Year 13 Cooperation with State and Other Organizations 14 State and County Planning 16 State Council of Parks 16 Relation of Museum Exhibits to Schools and Colleges 17 Annual Attendance to Exhibition Halls 19 Information and Publicity 19 Printing and Publications 19 Condition of the Exhibition Halls and Exhibits 20 Condition of the Storage Facilities 23 Photography and Drafting 24 Museum Collaborator 24 State Museum Council 24 The Historic and Art Collection 25 Summary of the Activities of the Museum Staff 37 Accomplishments by the Relief Agencies for the New York State Museum, 1933-42 49 Annual Financial and Statistical Summary 54 General Administrative Problems and Needs of the State Museum 56 Annual Bibliography of the State Museum 57 Museum Accessions for the Year 59 Index 71 ALBANY THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK 1944 M 3 70r-Mr 43-2000 \ THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK Regents of the University With years when terms expire 1955 Thomas J. Mangan M.A., LL.D., Chancellor Binghamton 1945 William J. Wallin M.A., LL.D., Vice Chancellor - - - Yonkers 1950 Roland B. Woodward M.A., LL.D. - -- -- -- - Rochester 1951 Wm Leland Thompson B.A., LL.D. - -- -- -- - Troy 1948 John Lord O’Brian B.A., LL.B., LL.D. ------ Buffalo 1954 George Hopkins Bond Ph.M., LL.B., LL.D. - Syracuse 1946 Owen D. Young B.A., LL.B., D.C.S., L.H.D., LL.D. - - New York 1949 Susan Brandeis B.A., J.D. - -- -- -- -- -- New York 1947 C. C. Mollenhauer LL.D. - - - - - Brooklyn 1944 Gordon Knox Bell B.A., LL.B., LL.D. - -- -- -- New York 1953 W. Kingsland Macy B.A. - -- -- -- -- -- Islip President of the University and Commissioner of Education George D. Stoddard Ph.D., LL.D., Litt.D., L.H.D. Deputy and Associate Commissioner (Finance, Administration, Vocational Education) Lewis A. Wilson D.Sc., LL.D. Associate Commissioner (Instructional Supervision, Teacher Education) George M. Wiley M.A., Pd.D., L.H.D., LL.D. Associate Commissioner (Higher and Professional Education) J. Hillis Miller M.A., Ph.D., Litt.D. Counsel Charles A. Brind jr B.A., LL.B., LL.D. Assistant Commissioner for Research J. Cayce Morrison M.A., Ph.D., LL.D. Assistant Commissioner for Teacher Education Hermann Cooper M.A., Ph.D., LL.D. Assistant Commissioner for Personnel and Public Relations Lloyd L. Cheney B.A., Pd.D. Assistant Commissioner for Finance Arthur W. Schmidt M.A., Ph.D. Assistant Commissioner for Instructional Supervision Edwin R. Van Kleeck M.A., Ph.D. Assistant Commissioner for Professional Education Irwin A. Conroe M.A., LL.D., L.H.D. Assistant Commissioner for Vocational Education Oakley Furney B.A., Pd.M. State Librarian Robert W. G. Vail B.A. Director of State Museum State Historian Arthur Pound B.A., L.H.D. Directors of Divisions Adult Education and Library Extension, Frank L. Tolman Ph.B., Pd.D. Elementary Education, William E. Young M.A., Ph.D. Examinations and Testing, Harold G. Thompson M.A., LL.D. Health and Physical Education, Hiram A. Jones M.A., Ph.D., D.Sc. Higher Education, John S. Allen, M.A., Ph.D. Law, Joseph Lipsky LL.B. Motion Picture, Irwin Esmond Ph.B., LL.B. Research, Warren W. Coxe B.S., Ph.D. School Buildings and Grounds, Don L. Essex M.A., Ph.D., acting Secondary Education, Warren W. Knox M.A., Ph.D. ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE Figure 1 New York State Education Building. The upper floors are devoted to the offices, laboratories and exhibits of the New York State Museum Frontispiece 12 Figure 2 Map showing by counties the number of school and college classes which have visited the State Museum in 1941-42. Total number of classes 245, and of students 6500 17 Figure 3 Diagonal view of the new State Museum storage room at 95 Central avenue, Albany. Photograph by N. E. Baldwin 21 Figure 4 Reverse diagonal view of same room showing the general classification of the historical materials. Photograph by N. E. Baldwin 22 Figure 5 Presentation to the State Museum by the Green Island school children of an old parlor stove made at Green Island. Photo- graph by N. E. Baldwin 27 Figure 6 Portrait of Frederick Charles Hirons, distinguished architect, whose drawings have been donated to the Art Collection 28 Figure 7 Sample photograph from the W. F. Winter “Shaker Portfolio.” Gift of Mrs Juliana Force, Sisters’ Shop, South Family, Mount Lebanon. W. F. Winter A.S. 2 29 Figure 8 Doorway, Sisters’ Shop. W. F. Winter A.S. 8 30 Figure 9 Shaker baskets, Hancock Shakers. W. F. Winter A.S. 226. ... 31 Figure 10 Shaker flax spinning wheel. W. F. Winter A.S. 370 32 Figure 11 Portrait of Dr James Eights (1798-1882), Albany scientist and artist, by A. W. Twitchell. Photograph by N. E. Baldwin.... 33 Figure 12 Photograph of Edward Ludlow Mooney, N.A. (?). From the E. L. Mooney Collection , . . 34 Figure 13 Pencil sketch signed “Quidor.” From the Mooney Collection, N. Y. State Museum. Photograph by N. E. Baldwin 35 Figure 14 Portrait on tin with scratched signatures by William Page, E. Mooney, Henry Inman. Mooney Collection. Photograph by N. E. Baldwin 36 Figure 15 Manlius with slickensided thrust, Catskill. Photograph by W. J. Schoonmaker 41 Figure 16 Becraft syncline, Alsen Quarry, Alsen. Photograph by W. J. Schoonmaker 41 Figure 17 Kirkston red beds, Palenville. Photograph by W. J. Schoon- maker 42 Figure 18 Twilight Park conglomerate, Haines Falls. Photograph by W. J. Schoonmaker 43 higure 19 Shore bird haunt at Watervliet Reservoir near Albany. In late summer, low water leaves extensive mud flats exposed. Pho- tograph by Dayton Stoner 44 Figure 20 Mud nest of barn swallow attached to overhead joist of a build- ing near Albany. Photograph by Dayton Stoner : 44 Figure 21 Young northern cliff swallow, age 11 days. Photograph by Dayton Stoner 45 Figure 22 Northern cliff swallow, age 19 days. Photograph by Dayton Stoner 45 Figure 23 Deer mouse. Photograph by W. j. Schoonmaker 47 Figure 24 Virginia deer. Photograph by W. J. Schoonmaker 48 [5] THE LEGAL STATUS OF THE NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM All scientific specimens and collections, works of art, objects of historic interest and similar property appropriate to a general museum, if owned by the State and not placed in other custody by a specific law, shall constitute the State Museum. [Education Law, § 54.] The Librarian of any library owned by the State, or the officer in charge of any state department, bureau, board, commission or other office may, with the approval of the Regents, transfer to the permanent custody of the State Library or Museum any books, papers, maps, manuscripts, specimens or other articles which, because of being duplicates or for other reasons, will in his judgment be more useful to the State in the State Library or Museum than if retained in his keeping. [ Education Law, § 1115.] THE FUNCTIONS OF THE STATE MUSEUM “The Museum is the natural scientific center of the State government; it is the natural depository of all the material brought together by the state surveys; it is the natural custodian of all purely scientific state records; it is the natural center of the study of the resources of the State as a political unit ; it must main- tain its capacity for productiveness in pure scientific research — pure science has been the justification of the State Museum from the beginning of its history. *** In brief, the distinctive sphere and scope of the State Museum corresponds with the scientific interests and welfare of the people within the geographic boundaries of the State. “The truest measure of civilization and of intelligence in the government of a state is the support of its institutions of science, for the science of our time in its truest sense is not the opinions or prejudices, the strength or weakness of its votaries, it is the sum of our knowledge of nature with its infinite applications to State welfare, to State progress and to the distribution of human happiness.” — Henry Fairfield Osborn, an address delivered at the dedication of the New York State Education Building, October 15, 1912. THE FUNCTIONS OF A MUSEUM “A museum is an institution for the preservation of those objects which best illustrate the phenomena of nature and the works of man, and the utilization of these for the increase of knowledge and for the culture and enlightenment of the people. “In addition to local accessories, the opportunity for exploration and field work are equally essential, not only because of considerations connected with the efficiency of the. staff * * * but in behalf of the general welfare of the institution. Other things being equal, exploration can be carried on more advantageously by the museum than by any other institution of learning, and there is no other field of research which it can pursue to better advantage. “To aid the occasional inquirer, be he a laboring man, schoolboy, journalist, public speaker, or savant, to obtain, without cost, exact information upon any subject related to the specialties of the institution; serving thus as a ‘bureau of information.’ . “A museum to be useful and reputable must be constantly engaged in aggres- sive work either in education or investigation, or in both. “A museum which is not aggressive in policy and constantly improving can not retain in its service a competent staff and will surely fall into decay. “A finished museum is a dead museum, and a dead museum is a useless museum.” — G. Brown Goode, formerly assistant secretary, Smithsonian Insti- tution. 17] THE VALUE OF RESEARCH “In the eyes of the world today the reputation of a country does not depend alone on the size of her armaments, the size of her empire or volume of her trade so much as upon the contribution she can make to the progress and happi- ness of mankind in art, in literature and in science. “The development of industry depends more or less on the application of new ideas and discoveries in pure science. Successful industrial research is ultimately dependent on the prosecution of research in pure science with the object of adding to our knowledge of the processes of nature, and generally without regard to the practical applications.” — Stanley Baldwin, Lord President of the Council, Opening the Mond Laboratory at Cambridge, England, From the New York Times of February 19, 1933. RESEARCH AND EDUCATION “The future of America is in the hands of two men — the investigator and the interpreter. We shall never lack for the administrator, the third man needed to complete this trinity of social servants. And we have an ample study of investigators, but there is a shortage of readable and responsible interpreters, men who can effectively play mediator between specialist and layman. The practical value of every social invention or material discovery depends upon its being adequately interpreted to the masses. Science owes its effective ministry as much to the interpretative mind as to the creative mind. The knowledge of mankind is advanced by the investigator, but the investigator is not always the best interpreter of his discoveries. Rarely, in fact, do the genius for exploration and the genius for exposition meet in the same mind. . . The interpreter stands between the layman, whose knowledge of all things is indefinite, and the investi- gator whose knowledge of one thing is authoritative. The investigator advances knowledge. The interpreter advances progress. History affords abundant evidence that civilization has advanced in direct ratio to the efficiency with which the thought of the thinkers has been translated into the language of the workers. Democracy of politics depends upon democracy of thought. ‘When the interval between intellectual classes and the practical classes is too great,’ says Buckle, 'the former will possess no influence, the latter will reap no benefit.’ A dozen fields of thought are today congested with knowledge that the physical and social sciences have unearthed, and the whole tone and temper of American life can be lifted by putting this knowledge into general circulation. But where are the interpreters with the training and the willingness to think their way through this knowledge and translate it into the language of the street? I raise the recruiting trumpet for the interpreters.” — Glenn Frank. ENDOWMENT AND TRUST FUNDS While the State has done much for the New York State Museum, it has not fully met its needs. Just as the citizens of the State have in the past generously donated much valuable material to the Museum, the public should be informed in what ways it may continue to assist. Many persons do not realize that the State Museum, like the universities and other research institutions devoted to advanced learning, has in reserve many important problems and projects that require more money than the Museum budget provides. It is hoped that private citizens will assist in financing such worthy projects. To make this more definite certain methods of assistance will be listed. 1 Donations of funds to be devoted to special scientific, educational or economic studies. A list of these can be furnished to any seriously interested person. 2 A donation of funds, the income alone of which is to be used to conduct special studies. This kind of fund would give a fluidity which is particularly lacking under the present budget system. Such funds would enable the State Museum to undertake certain studies in advance of general public interest and legislative appreciation. [8] 3 The donation of carefully selected tracts of land, suitable for scientific field stations, or for scientific reservations or important historic sites. Each tract should be provided with an endowment for maintenance. Such tracts could be made of the greatest scientific and educational importance under proper supervision. In this connection attention should be called to the fact that gifts up to 15 per cent of net income, and that all bequests to the Bpard of Regents of The University of the State of New York in trust for the State Museum, are exempt from federal taxation, under the Federal Reyenue Act of 1918. FORM OF BEQUEST I do hereby give and bequeath to the Board of Regents of The University of the State of New York, in trust for the New York State Museum: State Museum Council Pierrepont B. Noyes Orange L. Van Horne William Otis Hotchkiss Sanford L. Cluett Waldemar B. Kaempffert State Museum Staff Charles C. Adams Ph.D., D.Sc Director of State Museum Alvin G. Whitney A.B Assistant Director of State Museum Winifred Goldring M.A., Sc.D State Paleontologist Robert D. Glasgow Ph.D State Entomologist Homer D. House Ph.D State Botanist Chris A. Hartnagel M.A State Geologist Dayton Stoner Ph.D State Zoologist Kenyon F. Chamberlain Assistant State Entomologist Noah T. Clarke State Archeologist Walter J. Schoonmaker Assistant State Zoologist Arthur Paladin Museum Technical Assistant ( Taxidermy ) Clinton F. Kilfoyle Museum Technical Assistant ( Paleontology ) John L. Casey State Museum Guide Honorary Curators William L. Bryant Honorary Curator of Fossil Fishes [9] Collaborator Ephraim P. Felt Temporary Scientific Appointments A. F. Buddington Ph.D Temporary Geologist Elizabeth McCausland M.A Temporary Expert Royal E. Shanks Ph.D Temporary Plant Ecologist Robert W. Brown Ph.D Temporary Geologist George M. Kay Ph.D Temporary Geologist Alfred J. Bodenlos T emporary Geologist Edmund J. Sawyer Temporary Ornithologist [101 [12] Figure 1 New York State Education Building. The upper floors are devoted to the offices, laboratories and exhibits of the New York State Museum. ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM By Charles C. Adams Ph.D., Director New York State Museum ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF THE YEAR This report covers the fiscal year ending June 30, 1942. The New York State Museum is primarily a research agency conducting scien- tific surveys and studies of the natural and human resources of the State in relation to economic, social and educational needs. A brief summary for the year follows : 1 Field and laboratory studies of the geological resources of the State have been continued, with special reference to oil, gas and strategic war minerals, such as iron ore and graphite, also geological work on important quadrangles, and certain studies of paleontology. Cooperation has been continued with various federal agencies and with individuals and industries. 2 Important studies have been continued in the field of botany, zoology and entomology, both in the field and in the laboratory. An important botanical study has been continued of the vegetation of Monroe county in relation to land use ; the entomological work has been continued on the blackflies and mosquitoes with important results, and the zoological studies of swallows and local mammals have been continued. 3 The collections of history, art and Indian archeology have been expanded. Considerable progress has been made in arranging the history collection on account of the new storage space which makes the collection more accessible. Great progress has been made on the organization and study of the important Stetson- Wells E. L. Henry Art Collection. 4 About 20 cooperative projects have been conducted with various agencies, state and federal, and with individuals and organizations. 5 With the termination of the W. P. A. projects and the shortage of assistance, temporary loan exhibits were prevented. Some progress, however, was made toward the installation of the Historic Murals by David C. Lithgow, which were on display at the World’s Fair during 1939-40, and which are to be installed in the “Hall of New York History.” [13] 14 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 6 The attendance of school classes has declined during the past year from about 10,400 to 6500 which came from 31 counties and four states. The decline is evidently in response to the automobile situation and the closing of the Museum because of the lack of funds for Sunday and holiday opening. The Sunday and holiday attendance for the summer of 1941 totaled 5700, but no funds were available for this purpose for 1942. The total attendance for the year is estimated at about 150,000, or a decline of about 20,000 this year, largely due to the reduction of tourist travel. COOPERATION WITH STATE AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS During the past year the State Museum has cooperated with the following agencies or individuals : 1 New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets. Continuation of cooperative entomological studies of the European pine shoot moth and of other insect pests of ornamental trees and shrubs has been continued. 2 New York State Conservation Department. The Director of the State Museum is a member of the State Council of Parks. The geologists of the Museum staff advise the Conservation Department on the purchase of lands when mineral resources are involved. The State Entomologist has continued his studies of the Pales weevil and related weevils injurious to Scotch and other pines, and of the European pine shoot moth. The Division of Fish and Game has coop- erated with the State Entomologist on the relation of mosquito control to wild life. 3 The State Department of Health has cooperated with the State Entomologist of the Museum staff on problems relating to the control of blood-sucking flies on the ground of the State Tuberculosis Hospital at Ray Brook, and on the relation of mosquito control to wild life on Long Island. 4 State Law Department. Office of the Attorney General. The Museum geologists cooperate with the Office of Land Titles on the purchase of mineral lands in the Adirondacks and on other legal problems. 5 State Executive Department, Division of State Planning. The State Museum has cooperated with the Division of Planning. 6 Colgate University, Department of Geology and Geography, Hamilton, cooperated on a geological survey of the Morrisville quad- rangle. ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT 15 7 Cooperation within the Education Department: State Library, conducting exchanges of Museum publications; Bureau of Publica- tions, on the publication of Bird and Arbor Day numbers of the Bulletin to the Schools. 8 Dana Natural History Society, Albany. Cooperation on a lec- ture on birds to Albany school children on Bird Day, April 7, 1942, by Miss Dorothy A. Treat. 9 United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Ento- mology, has cooperated on plans for scientific studies to determine the relation of mosquito control operations to wild life conservation. This cooperation is a continuation of the work begun as a state branch of the Federal Civil Works Administration (C.W.A.) mosquito con- trol relief program and has been extended to include cooperation with the United States Biological Survey on the same series of studies, and with neighboring states. 10 The National Association of Audubon Societies has cooperated with the State Entomologist on the relation of mosquito control to wild life. 11 National Research Council, Committee on the Preservation of Natural Conditions, Washington, D. C. The Director is a member of this committee, which has been studying the facilities devoted to the preservation of natural conditions. 12 Biological Survey, United States Department of Agriculture, cooperates in furnishing bands for the bird-banding studies of the State Zoologist, and has cooperated with the State Entomologist on plans for a study to determine the relation of mosquito control work to wild life conservation. 13 City Health Department of New York City. The State Ento- mologist has cooperated with this department on the control of mosquitoes and on their relation to wild life. 14 Sufifolk County Mosquito Extermination Commission has cooperated with the State Entomologist on methods of controlling mosquitoes in relation to wild life conservation. 15 The Nassau County Mosquito Extermination Commission has cooperated with the State Entomologist on studies of mosquitoes and their relation to wild life. 16 Eastern States Association of Official Mosquito Control Work- ers. The State Entomologist has participated in the organization and activities of this interstate association. 17 Monroe county, Division of Regional Planning. The State Museum has cooperated on an ecological vegetational survey of the county, in relation to land use. 16 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 18 The American Humane Association, Albany. This organi- zation has been conducting a prize competition in order to secure a more humane trap for catching animals. In this worthy endeavor the State Museum has cooperated. This work has been under way for 13 years. Unfortunately this excellent work was abandoned in June 1942. 19 Work Projects Administration. A large amount of profes- sional, clerical and other work was performed for the State Museum as a result of various W.P.A. projects; however, after the reorganiza- tion of the project on a statewide basis (No. 56,456) its administra- tion was not at all satisfactory. This work ended finally May 15, 1942. STATE AND COUNTY PLANNING As the State Museum has always been devoted to the study of the mineral, plant and animal resources of the State, its work has a fundamental relation to all programs for the proper use of these resources. The publications and files of the State Museum are the main reservoir of information on these resources. Wise public policies and planning can not ignore this information. The needs for such information, however, have increased much more rapidly than the facilities for the acquisition of such information. Some phases of these problems have been discussed in former Annual Reports (N. Y. State Mus. Bui. 310, p. 121 — 41 ; Bui. 306, p. 87-96). A local study, still in process, is being made in relation to a vege- tational survey to land use in Monroe county, in cooperation with the local Division of Regional Planning. In general, local planning boards can not be expected to conduct the essential scientific surveys needed ; these should be made in cooperation with the State Museum. In general also, it is only when such studies reach the engineering stage that scientific aid is no longer necessary. STATE COUNCIL OF PARKS The State Council of Parks in the Department of Conservation is the “central advisory agency for all parks and parkways, and all places of historic, scientific and scenic interest.” The Director of the State Museum is a member of the council and has attended regularly the monthly meetings and inspection trips through the parks and parkways. ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT 17 RELATION OF MUSEUM EXHIBITS TO SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES (Figure 2) The number of school classes visiting the State Museum during the past year was 245, and the total number of students was 6500, an average of 26. This is a decline due to the War and the decline of summer tourists. There was a very marked decline from the rural schools. Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Vermont and Rhode Island were represented by classes. The following 33 counties were repre- sented (figure 2) : Albany, Broome, Chenango, Columbia, Clinton, Cortland, Dutchess, Delaware, Essex, Fulton, Franklin, Greene, Herkimer, Hamilton, Jefferson, Kings, Montgomery, New York, Nassau, Otsego, Oneida, Rensselaer, Seneca, Saratoga, Schoharie, Schenectady, Suffolk, Schuyler, Tioga, Ulster, Warren, Washington and Wayne. Figure 2 Map showing by counties the number of school and college classes which have visited the State museum in 1941-42. Total number of classes 245 and of students 6500 18 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 'The attendance for the past 15 years, as recorded by the State Museum Guide, is as follows : Year No. classes No. students No. counties 1927-28 200 3 500 13 1928-29 175 4 750 21 1929-30 235 6 308 25 1930-31 264 7 128 * 30 1931-32 253 6 726 28 1932-33 309 7 981 31 1933-34 301 8 769 28 1934-35 333 8 364 36 1935-36 445 12 315 39 1936-37 402 12 444 38 1937-38 387 11 697 41 1938-39 402 10 912 36 1939-40 361 10 474 47 1940^41 377 10 453 31 1941^42 245 6 500 33 The number of classes for each county is shown on the map (figure 2). The largest number came short distances, and progressively fewer with increasing distance. This is the general rule and indicates the principle upon which local and public museums may be guided in selecting strategic locations for such institutions. Monthly Class Attendance, 1939-42 No. of No. of No. of Classes Classes Classes Attendance Attendance Attendance 1939-40 1940-41 1941-42 1939-40 1940-41 1941-42 October . . . .. 39 58 31 1 072 1 569 914 November. . , . . 18 24 34 414 529 867 December . . .. 6 12 11 104 239 297 January ... .. 19 14 11 456 334 242 February . . .. 9 17 7 263 401 119 March .. 26 35 27 734 1 221 654 April .. 43 37 48 967 1 075 1 241 May . . 120 88 43 4 300 2 594 1 255 June . . 81 92 33 2 164 2 491 911 361 377 245 10 474 10 453 6 500 Classification of Visiting Groups 1939-40 1940-41 1941-42 City high school 18 24 17 Rural high school 20 42 15 City junior high school 12 15 12 Rural junior high school 27 22 14 When we consider the large number of classes in the schools and colleges, it is evident that they are not making the best use of their opportunities. Of course the present times are abnormal. It seems probable, however, that the maximum use of public museums can not be secured until the schools themselves are provided with museums ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT 19 properly related to their teaching programs, and both teachers and pupils are taught how to use such facilities. ( cf . 104th Report, p. 73-116). ANNUAL ATTENDANCE TO EXHIBITION HALLS The annual attendance to the exhibition halls is based on careful estimates, because the nature of the entrances are such that no actual count can be made. In the case of school classes, however, accurate counts are made, and oil Sundays and holidays. The Sunday and holiday attendance from July 4, 1941, to September 1st inclusive, nine Sundays and two holidays, was 5788. During 1942 the exhibition halls were closed on Sundays and holidays, as no funds were provided for the purpose. The attendance for July was estimated at 45,000. Under normal economic conditions the attendance of the State Museum was about 200,000, but during the depression there was a drop of about 30,000, and now it has reached a new low of about 151,000, a drop of nearly one fourth. INFORMATION AND PUBLICITY Perhaps the most prevalent idea of a Museum, like that of a library, is that it is a place where one can secure information. At least museums attempt to live up to that standard. This results in the numerous visitors that come to the exhibition halls, but leads to an extensive correspondence, within and without the State. Office visitors who come for conferences and members of the Museum staff working in cooperation with other agencies, broaden the base of influence. Press releases aid in keeping the public informed. All this is supplementary to the visitors to the exhibition halls. Requests come for public lec- tures, but with limited travel funds and without official automobiles, not many invitations are accepted. During the past year 26 public talks, lectures or broadcasts were given, and about 4000 people were reached by lectures. PRINTING AND PUBLICATIONS , I_f you would not.be forgotten as soon as you are dead and rotten, either write Things worth. reading or do Things worth the writing. — Benjamin Franklin After all it is the written word that lives. — Dr W. M. Beauchamp The following is a list of the regular serial publications of the State Museum printed during the fiscal year. Adams, Charles C. 1942 One Hundred Fourth Annual Report of the New York State Museum. N.Y. State Mus. Bui., 330:1-118 20 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Bishop, S. C. 1941 The Salamanders of New York. N. Y. State Mus. Bui., 324:1-365 Buddington, A. F., & Whitcomb, Lawrence 1941 Geology of the Willsboro Quadrangle. N. Y. State Mus. Bui., 325:1-137 House, H. D. 1942 Bibliography of the Botany of New York State, 1751-1940. Part 1, N. Y. State Mus. Bui., 328:1-174; Part 2, N. Y. State Mus. Bui., 329 : 175-233 Newland, D. H. 1942 Guide to the Geology of the Lake George Region. N. Y. State Mus. Hdbk. (in press) Ruedemann, Rudolf, & Howell, B. F. 1942 Paleontology and Geology (8 papers chiefly on Ordovician fossils). N. Y. State Mus. Bui., 327:1-98 Saunders, A. A. 1942 Summer Birds of the Allegany State Park. N. Y. State Mus. Hdbk., 18:1-313 Woodruff, J. G. 1942 Geology of the Wellsville Quadrangle. N. Y. State Mus. Bui., 326:1-135 Accompanying this report on pages 57-59, is given the Annual Museum Bibliography which includes papers by members of the staff and also papers by others which are based, at least in part, on the collections of the State Museum, or which are the result of some form of cooperation with it. As has been mentioned frequently in the Annual Reports, a com- prehensive policy is needed for the State Museum publications. This is not a subject for offhand judgment, as it involves many complex influences and merits careful study. CONDITION OF THE EXHIBITION HALLS AND EXHIBITS The renovation of the floors and walls of the offices, hallways and exhibition halls began December 24, 1941, and has been in progress ever since. After the offices had been cleaned, work began on the exhibition halls, the small halls being taken first and later the Hall of Zoology. The work was interrupted for several months but finally completed, and work begun on the Hall of Geology. As soon as the walls and floors were renovated the cases and exhibits were given similar treatment, so that the rooms are in the best condition in many years. A large cushioned seat, received from the World’s Fair Commission, was placed in Zoology Hall, providing a comfortable place for visitors to get a general view of several of the larger groups. The concrete [21] Figure 3 Diagonal view of the new State Museum storage room at 95 Central Avenue, Albany. Photograph by N. E. Baldwin [22] Figure 4 Reverse diagonal view of same room showing the general classification of the histori- cal materials. Photograph by N. E. Baldwin ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT 23 floor was given a green, waxed finish that is not merely pleasing but facilitates cleaning. The best method of treating these concrete floors has been a difficult problem. The contents of the older Hall of Ethnology were moved in April to the extreme east mezzanine, to make room for the Hall of New York History, excepting the Indian graves which were placed in the corridor of the Iroquois Indian Groups. During the process of moving, this collection was cleaned, and is now in the best condition it has been in years. The Indian wampum belts were placed, for the duration of the War, in the Education Department vault, with the Indian deed to Albany. CONDITION OF THE STORAGE FACILITIES (Figures 3-4) Several years ago W.P.A. funds permitted a renovation of the State Education Building. This work began in the basement. The only large storage room of the State Museum (Room 5) was con- verted into a carpenter shop, and the State Museum collections were moved to the abandoned St Agnes School, behind the Education Building. In the summer of 1941, new storage space at 95 Central avenue, Albany, was provided (figures 3-4). During November and December about 30 large moving van loads of industrial, historical and scientific collections and equipment were moved to the new space, which became the “Museum Annex.” This, however, included only about one-half of the material stored in St Agnes School ; that which rejnains is largely geological and some of it is historical. At the same time a large amount of allied material was removed from the Education Building where it lined the Museum hallways, crowded the offices, laboratories and store rooms, but there was not enough space to relieve the congestion in all the State Museum rooms and hallways. In spite of the fact that the new space included about 10,000 square feet, there was not half the room needed. The walls and floors of the building, however, could not carry the excessive weight of the tons of rocks and fossils remaining in the abandoned school, nor was adequate space available, so this material remains in the school subject to the risk of fire and vandals. 24 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM PHOTOGRAPHY AND DRAFTING The former photographer and draftsman of the Museum staff died January 7, 1938, and this position has not been filled to date. Until the W.P.A. closed on May 15, 1942, this work was done by a very efficient W.P.A. worker, N. E. Baldwin. Since that date no draftsman has been available, and only a limited amount of work has been avail- able from the Education Department photographer. The needs of the State Museum call for not only a full-time photographer, but a full- time draftsman and a full-time scientific artist. Until such assistance is provided all work of the State Museum will be hampered. Photo- graphs, maps, diagrams, labels are constantly in demand for the printing of reports, for exhibits and to meet public requests for infor- mation and cooperation. The collection of photographs, drawings and negatives which have accumulated through the years is extensive, and this alone to record, file and keep available is in itself a consider- able undertaking and calls for clerical work which has never been provided. MUSEUM COLLABORATOR In order to encourage the cooperation in the scientific and other aspects of the work of the Museum, the Regents on April 18, 1929, authorized the Director to appoint collaborators. Dr E. P. Felt is at present the only Museum Collaborator. STATE MUSEUM COUNCIL The State Mftseum Council is an advisory group appointed by the Board of Regents to advance the general welfare of the Museum. Its duties are thus explained by the Rules of the Board of Regents : Section 12 Councils. The Commissioner with the approval of the Regents shall appoint the following councils, of five members each : college, academic, library, museum, music, nurse training school, industrial education, agricultural education, character and humane education, physically handicapped children and medical. These councils shall serve as advisory bodies with which the officers of the Department may consult regarding institutions in the University or registered in the Departments. One member of each council shall be appointed yearly to serve for a term of five years beginning with the first day of October next following the ending of the term to which each respectively, is to succeed, except that an appointment to fill a vacancy created otherwise than by the expiration of a term shall be for the unexpired term. The deans of the dental, pharmacy and veterinary medical schools shall, respectively, act as similar councils for dental, pharmacy and veterinary medical interests. There was no meeting of the Council called this year. ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT 25 THE HISTORIC AND ART COLLECTION (Figures 5-14) I warmly sympathize with the ambition expressed in your annual report to have this Museum more than a mere zoologic or scientific museum. It should be a museum of arts and letters as well as a museum of natural history. * * * There should be here a representation of all our colonial and revolu- tionary life. There should be in this Museum for the instruction and inspiration of our people, a full representation of American history since the time when New York cast off its provincial character and became an integral portion of the American Republic. Theodore Roosevelt’s address at the opening of the New York State Museum , December 29, 1916. Devoting considerable time to sorting and packing the collections to assure their safety in moving to the new storage space prevented the regular work of cataloging and caring for the recently accumulated ma- terials, such as the valuable and extensive collection from the Second Family of Shakers at Mount Lebanon, as well as the new additions to the Cosman-Gardner Collection and to the Admiral Potter Collection. These collections alone will require months of work to catalog. While David Grant was conducting his survey for industrial history materials, he secured the cooperation of Miss Norine B. Keating, Superintendent of Schools of Green Island, with the result that the school children raised a fund to secure an interesting old stove, made in Green Island, about 100 years ago. Lincoln’s Birthday, February 12, 1942, was set for the presentation of the stove to the Historical Collection of the State Museum, and this was done and broadcasted on WTRY from Troy. By this means the attention of the local schools was called to what was once a prominent local industry (figure 5). The work on architectural drawings of the Shakers and other his- torical buildings was continued until the termination on May 15, 1942, of the W.P.A. project. This is the most important collection of archi- tectural drawings of Shaker buildings in existence. A very valuable addition to the art collection was made by Mrs Edith Hirons Van Amringe, sister of the late Frederick Charles Hirons (figure 6), a distinguished New York. City architect. The friendly assistance of the late C. C. Curran and of Miss Ruth Jeffrey facilitated this acquisition. In addition to the architectural drawings of the Shaker buildings, this is the first important collection of archi- tectural material acquired for the State Art Collection. This fits admirably into the policy of the State Museum of acquiring materials illustrating the history of the professions in this State. This collection includes Mr Hirons’ studies made while a student in Paris, his drawings for the Worcester Memorial Auditorium, George Rogers Clark Memorial (Vincennes, Ind.), Girard College Chapel and many others ; also blue prints used in the construction of 26 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM his buildings, and finally his medals. This makes a very valuable historical record of his work, and it will make a valuable educational display. It is hoped that the architectural profession will cooperate in the development of this series illustrating the architectural history of this State. In the last Annual Report (N. Y. State Mus. Bui. 330, figures 7-10) attention was called to the rapid destruction of the Shaker buildings at Mount Lebanon. Since that report was printed an article has been published illustrating the transformation of these historic places into modern homes (r f. G. C. Robinson. “We live in a Shaker Village,” Vogue, Oct. 1, 1942, p. 82, 83, 91). One of the most important acquisitions of Shaker materials was a donation by Mrs Juliana Force of the Whitney Museum of American Art, of the finest series of Shaker photographs and negatives ever made by William F. Winter — who was the outstanding photographer of the life of the Shakers. This superb series, with the hundreds of photographs and negatives already in the State Museum Collection, make this series the finest record extant of this phase of American history (figures 7-10). The Stetson-Wells-E. L. Henry Collection was discussed in the previous Annual Report. Some valuable additions have been made to this collection, as is indicated in the List of Accessions, including the donations made by Charles Peters, Fred G. Kraft, Mrs Estella W. Bouton, Miss C. Julie Husson and Miss Mary D. Buxton. The acquisition of a portrait of Dr James Eights (1798-1882), an Albany scientist and artist (figure 11), is of more than local interest. His drawings of early Albany are even today cherished locally. For an interesting account of Eights, reference should be made to an article by Dr John M. Clarke, “The Reincarnation of James Eights, Antarctic Explorer.” (Sci. Monthly, v. 2, p. 189-202. 1916). The painting was made by A. W. Twitchell in 1870 when Eights was in his 72d year. Another valuable addition to the art collections is the Edward Ludlow Mooney Collection. This was donated to the State Museum by Deaconess Amy Green Thompson, Maple Hill, Upper Red Hook, and the Rev. M. P. H. Huntington, Red Hook. Mooney (1813-87) was a National Academician, and able portrait painter (figure 12). The Mooney Collection includes, in addition to various memorabilia, his fragmentary journals for 1838, 1841-43, 1864—65, and a large scrapbook of sketches by several artists, including signed and unsigned sketches by Mooney, Inman, Insle, Browere, Jarvis and most remark- able of all, signed sketches by Quidor (figure 13) (cf. J. I. H. Baur “John Quidor 1801-81,” Brooklyn Museum, 1942). These are [27] Figure 5 Presentation to the State Museum by the Green Island school children of an old parlor Stove made at Green Island. Photograph by N. E. Baldwin Figure 6 Portrait of Frederick Charles Hirons, distinguished architect, whose drawings have been donated to the Art Collection [28] Figure 7 Sample photograph from the W. F. Winter “Shaker Portfolio.” Gift of Mrs Juliana Force, Sisters’ Shop, South Family, Mount Lebanon. W. F. Winter A. S. 2 [29] [30] Figure 8 Doorway, Sisters’ Shop. W. F. Winter [31] Figure 9 Shaker baskets, Hancock Shakers. W. F. Winter A. S. 226 Figure 10 Shaker flax spinning wheel. W. F. Winter A. S. 370 [32] Figure 11 Portrait of Dr James Eights (1798-1882) Albany scientist and artist by A. W. Twitchell. Photograph by N. E. Baldwin [33] Figure 12 Photograph of Edward Ludlow Mooney, N. A. (?). From the E. L. Mooney Collection [34] Figure 13 Pencil sketch signed “Quidor.” From the Mooney Collection, New York State Museum. Photograph by N. E. Baldwin [35] M'Tl igure 14 Portrait on tin with scratched signatures by William Page, . Alooney, Henry Inman. Mooney Collection. Photograph by N. E. Baldwin [36] ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT 37 apparently the only ones known by this artist, and there are others also apparently by him. There is one unsigned sketch of an early fire engine. There are so many sketches by Inslee to suggest that it may have originally been his scrapbook. Some small paintings by Paul Lacroix and sketches by him are in the collection. An interesting portrait (Mooney?) on tin has scratched signatures on the upper right hand corner of the rear, “Wm. Page, E. Mooney, Henry Inman” (figure 14). SUMMARY OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE MUSEUM STAFF (Figures 15-24) It is essential that this Museum should command the service of many differ- ent men for work in many different fields, and that its work should be so closely related to work of the same kind elsewhere that it shall all represent a coordinated whole. This is true of all departments of the work, but especially so of those departments which have a direct utilitarian bearing. This Museum, like every other institution of the type, should do everything to develop large classes of workers of this kind. And yet, friends, we must never forget that the greatest need, \he need most difficult to meet, is the need to develop the great leaders and to give full play to their activities. In the entirely proper effort to develop numbers of individual workers there must be no forgetfulness of this prime need of individual leadership if American achieve- ment in this scientific field is to be really noteworthy. Yet in scientific as well as in historical associations and academies, this fact is often forgotten. The really great works must be produced by some individual great man who is able to use to the utmost advantage the indispensable preliminary work of a multitude of other observers and investigators. He will be the first to recognize his debt to these other observers and investigators. If he does not do so he will show himself a poor creature. On the other hand, if they are worth their salt they will be proud to have the great architect use all of the results of their praiseworthy and laborious and necessary labor in constructing the building which is to crown it.-— Theodore Roosevelt’s address at the opening of the New York State Museum, December 29, 1916. From an administrative point of view the following is a summary of the activities of the technical staff : History, Art and Archeology. The moving of collections to the new storage space during November and December was a strenuous job, as about 30 moving van loads were moved in about eight days. The material had to be roughly sorted in advance so that in the process of moving it could be better classified in the new quarters. William L. Lassiter gave efficient and devoted attention to this difficult packing and moving. * David Grant continued his field work on local industrial history and continued to acquire very valuable local materials, including the old Green Island stove, mentioned elsewhere, p. 25. It was with great regret that his excellent work was terminated May 15, 1942, 38 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM while yet progressing rapidly. He made a very valuable contribution to the Historic Collection. The W.P.A. architectural survey of the Shaker and other historic buildings, continued to the close of the project. This survey has produced a very important series of drawings of much more than usual importance. Miss Elizabeth McCausland, as Temporary Expert, continued her thorough study in preparing her report on the E. L. Henry Collection. This report is nearing completion and has resulted in the classification of the Collection, thus making it readily available for a temporary exhibit as soon as a suitable hall is available. The donation of the Frederick C. Hirons Collection of memorabilia and architectural drawings was a very important acquisition, as well as the Edward L. Mooney Collection. In the last Annual Report mention was made of the transfer from the World’s Fair Commission to the State Museum of the David C. Lithgow murals depicting the history of this State, upon condition that a Hall of New York History be installed in the State Museum. The most favorable site for the murals was the Hall of Ethnology. For this reason this collection, with the Indian lunette, was moved in November 1941, to the east end of the Education Building, The lunette was placed over the entrance to the Stone Age Hall, and the ethnological collection was placed in the adjacent room to the east. The Indian graves, previously mentioned, were placed along the corri- dor of the Iroquois Indian Groups. The old Hall of Ethnology became the Hall of New York History. The Lithgow murals were installed in 1942 and the 36 wall cases from the World’s Fair were placed around the walls. The installation of the historic collection was ready to proceed. Noah T. Clarke, State Archeologist, devoted considerable time to supervising the moving of the ethnology collection to its new location, and its new arrangement. As stated, the Indian Wampum Collection was placed in the Education Department vault for the duration of the war, with the Van Rensselaer Deed of 1630 with the Mohican Indians. The bark house was repaired, and Mr Clarke has continued work on the Indian bibliography and a list of Iroquois words. Botany. The report on the bibliography of botany, 1751-1940, by Dr Homer D. House, State Botanist, has been published as Bulle- tins 328 and 329. This is a classified and indexed bibliography by regions and counties, so that a vast amount of data is readily found. The Newcomb report has not been completed. Dr Rogers McVaugh’s report on the Columbia flora has not been printed. ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT 39 Dr Royal E. Shanks, Temporary Ecological Botanist, has continued his cooperative survey of the vegetation of Monroe county, with the local Division of Regional Planning. Entomology. Dr Robert D. Glasgow, State Entomologist, has continued his field and laboratory studies of the blackflies and mosqui- toes. As usual, he gave much attention to the routine procedure of the now closed W.P.A. project No. 56,456 for the entire Museum. It became increasingly difficult to supervise as it neared completion and declined in its administrative efficiency. Federal agencies in the Treasury Department and Department of Agriculture have called upon him for advice on insect problems, and the U. S. Army on mosquito control at Fort Totten. He has cooperated with the State Department of Conservation in his experiments with chemical methods of controlling blackflies and at the same time avoided injury to fish. At the request of the Department of Conservation he has attended mosquito control meetings in the effort to see that reasonable means may be used to prevent unnecessary harm to wild life. He has con- tinued a study of an insect-borne host of a parasite of the pig which merits careful study. Kenyon F. Chamberlain, Assistant State Entomologist, has con- tinued his careful work of transferring the insect collection from the old boxes to the modern new boxes and steel cabinets. The safety of this important collection calls for constant care. Geology. Chris A. Hartnagel, State Geologist, has continued his economic studies of the oil and gas situation in the State. Today oil exceeds in value all other mineral products, reaching over $10,000,000 in its annual value. A summary report has been prepared of natural gas developments for the past three years, but the lack of a draftsman prevents the preparation of the needed maps and the completion of the report. Some progress has been made on a report on the historical development of the mineral resources of the State. Active cooperation has been maintained with the various federal agencies concerned with mineral production, and special attention has been given to iron ores. Robert C. Stephenson, Temporary Geologist, has continued his work on an intensive field study of titaniferous iron ores of the Tahawus region, and his report has been submitted. Dr Robert W. Brown, Temporary Geologist, made a brief recon- naissance of the various deposits of graphite in the State, as a part of the general program on war materials. Dr A. F. Buddington, ’Temporary Geologist, continued his field work on the Saranac Lake quadrangle. 40 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Mrs Medora H. Krieger, Temporary Geologist, has continued her work on the geological report on the Indian Lake quadrangle. Dr Earl L. Apfel, Temporary Geologist, is nearing the completion of his report on the Glacial Geology of the Saranac region, with whom Dr Chauncey D. Holmes, Temporary Geologist, has been cooperating on this report. Paleontology. Dr Winifred Goldring, State Paleontologist, has given considerable attention to the routine duties of the office, such as the supervision of the collections and allied work. The report on the Catskill quadrangle is in process of printing (figures 15-18). The large collection of National Museum graptolites, loaned for study by Dr Rudolf Ruedemann, has been returned to the National Museum. Doctor Ruedemann, retired, continues work on the completion of his monograph of the Graptolites. Dr Rousseau H. Flower, Temporary Geologist, has continued the preparation of his report on the Devonian cephalopods. Clinton F. Kilfoyle, Technical Assistant, has continued his work on the labeling of the study collections and some work on exhibits. The long delayed reports on the Randolph and Salamanca quad- rangles by Dr A. C. Tester and Dr Gordon I. Atwater, Temporary Geologists, will no doubt be delayed for the duration of the war, as also in the case of the report on the Morrisville quadrangle by Profes- sor H. D. Whitnall and his colleagues. Professor L. W. Ploger, Temporary Geologist, is still at work on the Cattaraugus quadrangle. Colleagues in the Department of Geology, Columbia University, of the late Dr R. J. Colony, Temporary Geologist, are completing the report on the complex geology of the Schunemunk quadrangle. Kurt E. Lowe has made good progress on this report. Professor N. C. Dale, Temporary Geologist, has completed his report on the Oriskany quadrangle. Dr John G. Woodruff’s cooperative study with Colgate University on the Wellsville quadrangle, has been published as Museum Bulletin 326. Dr George Marshall Kay, Temporary Geologist, continued his study of the geology of the Utica quadrangle. Alfred J. Bodenlos, Temporary Geologist, assisted Doctor Kay on the Utica quadrangle. Zoology. Dr Dayton Stoner, State Zoologist, has continued his study of the banding of the bank swallows of the Oneida Lake region, and the local study of the Washington Park, Albany, birds (figures 19-22). The study collection of mollusca was moved to the new Figure 15 Alanlius with slickensided thrust, Catskill. Photograph by W. J. Schoonmaker t Figure 16 Becraft syncline, Alsen Quarry, Alsen. Photograph by W. J. Schoonmaker Figure 17 Kirkston red beds, Palenville. Photograph by W. J. Schoonmaker [42] Figure 18 Twilight Park Conglomerate, Haines Falls. Photograph by W. J. Schoonmaker [43] Figure 19 Shore bird haunt at Watervliet Reservoir near Albany. In late summer, low water leaves extensive mud flats exposed. Photograph by Dayton Stoner Figure 20 Mud nest of a barn swallow attached to overhead joist of a build- ing near Albany. Photograph by Dayton Stoner Figure 21 Young northern cliff swallow, age 11 days. Photograph by Dayton Stoner [45] Figure 22 Northern cliff swallow, age 19 days. Photograph by Dayton Stoner [46] [47] Figure 23 Deer mouse. Photograph by W. J. Schoonmaker [48] Figure 24 Virginia deer. Photograph by W. J. Schoonmaker ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT 49 storage quarters on Central avenue, but the cases have not been rebuilt to hold the drawers. The old correspondence files have been arranged in alphabetical and chronological order. Walter J. Schoonmaker, Assistant State Zoologist, has devoted some time to the revision of his report on the woodchuck, and has con- tinued his field work on the mammals of Rensselaer county (figures 23, 24). Edmund J. Sawyer, Temporary Ornithologist, has completed his report on birds nests. Arthur Paladin, Technical Assistant (taxidermy), renovated many mounted specimens and has prepared a number of other specimens. He retired June 30, 1942. He was appointed September 7, 1910, and gave many years of faithful work to caring for the collections. ACCOMPLISHMENTS BY THE RELIEF AGENCIES FOR THE NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM, 1933-42 With the termination of all relief work for the State Museum on May 1942, there came to a close our participation in a remarkable experiment made by the Federal Government to provide work for the unemployed by means of the Civil Works Administration (C.W.A.), the Works Progress Administration and the Work Proj- ects Administration (W.P.A.) This was started, as is well known, as an emergency problem, with- out precedent, and there was much inertia, prejudice, ignorance and confusion which interfered with its progress. The economic and social conditions were so acute that great masses of willing and able workers could not get work, and this applied to the whole gamut of ' ability, extending from the very able down to the unemployable. Ignorance and prejudice did so much harm to the project that able persons did not like to have it known that they were on relief, because of the unfavorable public opinion of relief workers which prevailed. With our projects it was necessary for field workers to mention only that they were working for the State Museum, rather than on relief, in order to secure satisfactory cooperation. Many of these workers had more ability than some of those on regular jobs, and some of such persons resented the presence of relief workers. This made it more difficult for the average worker ; many of those who had been making a desperate effort to keep off relief had used up their reserves and were greatly depressed. This, with the superficial, unfair public attitude, had considerable harmful influence not only on the worker, but as well upon the administration of relief. 50 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM The relief work was precipitated on the New York State Museum when Dr F. C. Bishop, principal entomologist in charge, Division of Insects Affecting Man and Animals, (Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.), who, knowing the cooperative policy of the State Museum and that Dr Robert D. Glasgow, State Entomologist of the Museum staff, was qualified by training and experience to supervise mosquito control work in New York State, came to Albany in the late summer of 1933 and sought the cooperation of the State Museum. This was proposed as a C.W.A. mosquito control project for New York State, with an allotment of $404,000 for 2000 men. Work was to begin December 1, 1933. Doctor Glasgow plunged into this emergency with characteristic energy and organized a mosquito control program for the whole State of New York. This work was conducted so efficiently that when Chairman Alfred H. Schoellkopf (Public Unemployment Relief in New York State — Fourth Year, 1934-35, 1935. Tempo- rary Emergency Relief Administration) made his report he stated, on pages 21-22 : One of the most outstanding operations from the local viewpoint was under- taken by the Suffolk county work bureau. A mosquito extermination project, sponsored by a special county commission and planned in cooperation with the Bureau of Entomology of the United States Department of Agriculture and the State Entomologist (Dr R. D. Glasgow, State Entomologist, New York State Museum), secured wholehearted support of property owners and business interests. It was, therefore, comparatively easy to obtain easements to operate on private property. After preliminary surveys it was decided to improve several miles of the already existing drainage ditches and to center new operations along the south shore bordering the Great South bay. The ditches measured about 12 by 20 inches and were excavated entirely by hand labor with special ditching shovels, each manned by two men. This work was conducted over a wide front, the construction force consisting of some 40 units comprised of about 12 men each. Besides the improvement and maintenance of several hundred miles of previously existing drainage ditches, over 1200 lineal miles of new ditches were dug, many wooden sluice gates constructed and installed, and over 2000 gallons of oil used as a larvacide. Further analysis of this project reveals how well it had been adapted to the work relief program. Begun prior to the Civil Works Administration, it has been carried on practically without interruption except for a short period during the winter months, when the severity of the weather prohibited operations. It has provided over 660,000 man-hours of almost continuous work for about 500 persons, of whom 450 were laborers. Furthermore, the analysis of costs reveals that about 98 per cent of the expenditures, representing over $350,000, has gone for wages and salaries, and the total cost per lineal mile has averaged under $300. The project as originally planned is now nearing completion. Without the aid of federal and state funds this vitally necessary mosquito eradication, ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT 51 affecting an area of 200 square miles and 2,000,000 persons, would not have been possible. The constructive nature of the project is further evidenced by the fact that the sponsoring commission has formulated plans for the per- manent maintenance of this improvement, and has received public support to extend this system of drainage ditches an additional 1,000 miles. Similar cooperation was given to the Health Department of New York City in their extensive mosquito control work. This C.W.A. work terminated April 5, 1934. As has been said it was in this manner that the State Museum began its relief program. Through this experience with the adminis- tration of relief work, Doctor Glasgow became well qualified to aid in all later relief work projects of the State Museum. The next comprehensive plan for relief work began November 1, 1935, as Work Progress Administration (W.P.A.). The State Museum attempted, on the basis of the ability available, to find out how this could be used to mutual advantage, as the State Museum had always lacked an adequate staff. A sketch of the general program of Relief work and its results may be outlined as follows : 1 Mosquito control. Reference has already been made to this early mosquito control work. Later (under W.P.A.) a detailed sur- vey was made of the mosquito breeding places at Albany, and the maps and plans were turned over to the city engineer. He made a local relief project of these plans and spent $100,000 of federal relief funds on its execution. Thus local men were given work and an important civic improvement was made. Cooperation was carried on with the Nassau and Suffolk County Mosquito Extermination Commissions for their regions, and similar •assistance, as previously stated, was given the Health Department of New York City. In New York City as many as 7000 men at a time were employed in the metropolitan area on this work. This is a kind of work requiring a large number of laborers working under tech- nical supervision, and it proved to be a very suitable kind of worthy activity. 2 Development and care of the state historic and art collec- tion. The State law provides for history and art collections in the State Museum, but in the past facilities have been lacking for the expansion of this work. Relief workers provided technical experts, photographer, architects, draftsmen, stenographers, field workers and clerks, so that it was possible to undertake important projects. Truck loads of valuable historic and industrial history material were col- 52 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM lected, cataloged and cared for. This help made it possible to pack these valuable materials previous to moving to the new “Annex” in Central avenue. An architectural survey was made of the Shaker buildings at Watervliet, Mount Lebanon and a few other historic buildings, accompanied by photographs. This work contributed greatly to make the Shaker Collection the most important of its kind (Adams. State Mus. Bui. 323, p. 77-141. 1941). 3 A regional Adirondack study. The prolonged study of the black flies and mosquitoes by the State Entomologist’s office had been made and methods of control devised. Like mosquito control, black fly control is a community problem, therefore a study was made by towns of the Adirondack region to determine approximately their financial ability to pay for such community improvements. The black fly prob- lem is one of the outstanding recreational and industrial problems of the Adirondacks. A vast amount of pertinent data was collected, organized and mapped, when the project was suddenly closed, leaving it incomplete. The project should be completed. 4 Photography and drafting. Photography and drafting is not an end in itself but contributes to other work. Thus photographic print catalogs were made of the negatives in the Office of Botany and Entomology, and great numbers of photographs were made in connection with the survey of the Shaker and other historic buildings, and an extensive series of photographs was made in connection with the study of the E. L. Henry art collection, as well as the current photographic work for the State Museum staff. Drafting and lettering included maps and charts for the State Museum publications and for the Adirondack study, also the archi- tectural study of Shaker buildings. Without the aid of W.P.A. assistance it would not have been pos- sible to prepare the World’s Fair Exhibits in 1939M-0. This led in part, to the acquisition from the World’s Fair Commission of the Lithgow Historic Murals and other valuable materials. 5 Indexing and cataloging titles of entomological periodi- cals, literature in the English language and recent foreign language literature. By this means a vast amount of scientific entomological literature was made more readily available for current scientific projects. 6 Filing. A large amount of early correspondence was given alphabetical and chronological filing in the office of Botany, Zoology, Geology, Entomology, including that of J. A. Lintner, and the James Hall correspondence of the General Office. This kind of work called for several workers and was of great assistance. ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT 53 7 Translations. Translations of 150 titles of zoological and entomological articles were made from Russian, Dutch, German, French, Spanish, Swedish and Latin. These were carefully selected articles with a direct bearing upon current research work. 8 Clerical assistance. Typing of catalogs, translations, copy- ing records, computations, in all made up a large and valuable con- tribution. 9 Book binding and publications inventory. The various office libraries of the State Museum give much hard usage to certain publications which are in constant use. These publications have long needed binding and repairing. A considerable amount of this kind of work was done, and several important serials were bound, as for example the set of Biological Abstracts, Experiment Station Record, Insect Pest Survey, Journal of Agricultural Research and typed copies of the many translations. The number of volumes bound is about 450 volumes. The' State Museum has a considerable number of its older publica- tions and the early State Geological reports which have been in storage, but these have not been inventoried. It was unwise to make sales from this series without knowing our stock. This inventory had been under way for many years but could not be completed, and unfortunately is not now, but so much progress has been made that it will be safe to proceed to the next step. Without doubt the destruction of European libraries will later necessitate a call for a large number of the older valuable reports which have been very widely known in the leading European libraries. The loss from destruction by fire and the requirements of new institutions maintain a demand for these older publications and justifies their proper care. 10 Summary. This sketch of the relief projects brings out very clearly that very valuable results of permanent value have been secured for the State Museum. The maximum number of W.P.A. workers at any one time was 47, and the total allotment of funds was $152,305.32 between November 1, 1935, and April 15, 1942. The State Museum has always been short of clerical, mechanical and technical assistance, as well as its scientific staff, and this experi- ence has demonstrated that the staff is able to utilize to advantage many additional workers. This should be borne in mind during the postwar reconstruction period when relief help may again become available. 54 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM A word is also necessary regarding the influence of the work upon the workers. Not only were they given employment, but many learned new technics, improved their own and became greatly inter- ested and enjoyed the work. Several workers became so deeply interested that they seriously inquired about finding permanent employ- ment in the kind of work in which they had been engaged and were greatly disappointed when the work ended. It was a great source of satisfaction to see how the attitude and spirit of discouraged workers improved as they got into the swing of the work and enjoyed it. Of course this was not always the case but it was distinctive and deserving of special mention. The administration of this relief work was never easy, but it pro- gressed with a fair degree of efficiency until the consolidated state- wide project (No. 56,456) began and from then on there was serious outside interference with our work. Careful plans were made for this state-wide Museum program ( cf . “School Museums, Field Trips and Travel as Phases of Objec- tive Education,” by Charles C. Adams, N. Y. State Mus. Bui. 330, p. 75-116), but we were not permitted to execute them, and were restricted to our own work within the State Museum. Finally, a word of sincere commendation is due from Doctor Glasgow and myself to Lester Herzog, Administrator of the up-State Federal Works Agency, for his fair-minded attitude and cooperation, and that of his assistants, James W. Gaynor and C. A. Duclos, in this very worthy and difficult undertaking. I wish also to emphasize that for the welfare of the State Museum Doctor Glasgow sacrificed much of his own research program as well as made a great personal sacrifice in order to aid this general program and enable the State Museum to make this important civic contribution to the emergency. ANNUAL FINANCIAL AND STATISTICAL SUMMARY THE STATE MUSEUM BUDGET The following budget does not include the cost of heat, light, janitor service, orderlies (watchmen), carpenters, painters and ele- vator men. Certain other items are furnished by the Education Department, such as postage, stationery, express, drayage in part, telegraph and telephone, and are therefore not included in the budget. The traveling expenses have been budgeted so that each member of the scientific staff is able to plan his work to the best advantage. Facilities provided by cooperative projects supplement to an impor- tant degree the state appropriation. It is impossible to estimate the ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPOST 55 amount of these funds precisely, since they include the federal frank- ing privilege, cooperation with many individuals, with organizations and with other state departments. Labor, supplies, expert services, use of automobiles etc. have been provided by this cooperation. Such financial assistance is of the greatest value ; but the funds do not pass through the Museum. The annual statistical summary for the fiscal year July 1, 1941, to June 30, 1942, follows : APPROPRIATIONS AND FUNDS FOR FISCAL YEAR (July 1, 1941 to June 30, 1942) Appropriations and Allocations Salaries : Administrative staff $9 870 00 Scientific staff 32 760 00 Temporary expert service 2 340 00 Scientific assistants 3 920 00 Clerical, labor etc 12 520 00 Total salaries $61 410 00 Equipment and supplies $1 130 90 Traveling (of which $120 is for out-of-State) 1 873 71 Printing 2 031 00 Total budget $66 445 61 Directory Data Name of Museum: New York State Museum Location: Albany, New York, U. S. A. Name of Director: Charles C. Adams Name of Assistant Director: Alvin G. Whitney Date of Founding: The Museum is the outgrowth of state surveys begun in 1836; formal organization of the Museum was effected in 1843. (See State Museum Bui. 313, p. 85-121, 1937, for historical sketch.) Open to the public: Open week days from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Closed on Sundays and legal holidays. Total number of hours open to the public for the year, about 2485. Staff: Administrative officers 2 Permanent scientific staff 9 Technical and clerical assistants, etc 10 Part-time employes 8 Total staff 29 Salary schedules, 1941-42: Administrative $3 420-6 450 Scientific professional staff 2 400-4 760 Technical assistants (nonprofessional grade) 1 960 Hours and vacation: Hours of work per week, 36)4 Vacation allowance, 22 working days, and all legal holidays. 56 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE PROBLEMS AND NEEDS OF THE STATE MUSEUM The Annual Reports of the State Museum since 1926 (N. Y. State Mus. Bui. 279) have been accumulating records and sugges- tions for the functional improvement of the State Museum. Various phases have been elaborated of the relation of the State Museum to the Education Department, to other state departments and as well to other related agencies. These two subjects, administrative problems and the needs of the State Museum, have been the basis for elaboration and emphasis in each Annual Report. There is little to be added to what has already been said again and again. I suggest that any one interested should refer to the previous reports, as indicated in the fol- lowing references which I have written (from N. Y. State Museum Bulletins, except as otherwise stated ; numbers and pages cited) : 1929 The Importance of Preserving Wilderness Conditions. 279:37-46 1929a A Policy for State Historic and Scientific Reservations. 284:61-67 1931 The Public Functions of the Division of Science and State Museum. 288 :61— 70 1932 The Proposals for a New State Museum Building. 293 :81— 110 1933 The Interest of Tax-Supported Public Museums in Civil Service Efficiency. Museum News, v. 10, No. 13:6-7 1936 Suggestions and Recommendations in Planning for the Use and Administration of Water Resources. 306:87-96 1937 The Relation of the Natural Resources to Regional and County Plan- ning. 310:121-41 1940 A Historical Sketch of the Allegany School of Natural History. “The Historic Annals of Southwestern New York,” p. 775-86. New York. 1941 The New York State Museum’s Historical Survey and Collection of the New York Shakers. 323:77-141 1942 School Museums, Field Trips and Travel as Phases of Objective Education. 330 :75— 1 16 The next major opportunity following the war will be the postwar reconstruction period, during which we may expect a realignment of many phases of educational and research work. During this period we may reasonably expect more emphasis on the application of the scien- tific method to the social and economic problems demanding attention. It may necessitate a considerable reorganization of the work of the State Museum, a new emphasis on urgent public problems, rather than on those that can be delayed without serious injury, and possibly some of the newer methods of approach will need emphasis, and better coordination of effort is likely to be required. The prospects are that this kind of leadership will fall to a younger group, not too closely imbedded in the past, who will be willing to take greater risks and try out new methods and points of view. I will go no further than suggest that a general background that is likely to have much influence, unless the extreme conservatives gain ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT 57 dominant control of public affairs, may be found in a suggestive volume by George B. Galloway and Associates, entitled Planning for America, (1941). Various authors discuss resources planning, economic plan- ning, social planning, area planning and defense planning and these are followed by a selected bibliography. The practical problem is when and where does education and research fit into these comprehensive plans ? In general it is safe to say that both must be constantly functioning to secure the best results. Some agencies, however, are better fitted for such functions than others, but a fundamental study that is needed today is the function or role of research in national and state functions and international rela- tions. The function of research in State Government has never been adequately studied in America, although a few valuable although not widely known special studies have been made. ANNUAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE STATE MUSEUM Publications by the Museum staff for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1942, or based, at least in part, on the Museum collections, or made in cooperation with the State Museum, follow : Adams, Charles C. 1942 One Hundred Fourth Annual Report of the New York State Mu- seum. N. Y. State Museum Bui., 330:1-118 1942a School Museums, Field Trips and Travel as Phases of Objective Education. N. Y. State Mus. Bui., 330:75-116 194 2b New York State Museum. In 37th Ann. Rep’t, State Education Department, v. 1, p. 239-40 Alexander, W. P. 1942 Outdoor Study Along Nature Trails. Univ. State of New York Bulletin to the Schools, 28, no. 7 :235-38 Bishop, S. C. 1941 The Salamanders of New York. N. Y. State Mus. Bul„ 324:1- 365 Buddington, A. F., & Whitcomb, Lawrence 1941 Geology of the Willsboro Quadrangle. N. Y. State Mus. Bui., 325:1-137 Doney, C. F. 1942 Trees for Street and Dooryard. Univ. State of New York Bulletin to the Schools, 28, no. 7 :231-34 Glasgow, R. D. 1942 Anti-Mosquito Legislation and Mosquito Control Commissions Evolve in the Direction of More Comprehensive Pest Control by Community Action. Mosquito News, 2:31-33 1942a New Jersey Mosquito Larvacide for Control of Blackflies (Simu- liidae), Mosquito News, 2:33-37 58 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Goldring, Winifred 1942 Crown of Ancyrocrinus bulbosus Ha. Buffalo Mus. Nat. Sci. Bui., 17 :13— 18 Gregory, W. K., & Raven, H. C. 1941 A New Restoration of the Skeleton of Eusthenopteron ( Pisces Crossopterygii, Devonian, Quebec), with Remarks on the Origin of the Tetrapod Stem. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 42:293-312 Harlow, W. M. 1942 Forest Recreations and Morals. Univ. State of New York Bulletin to the Schools, 28, no. 7 : 229-31 Hartnagel, C. A. 1942 Oil and Gas Developments in New York During 1941. Trans. Amer. Inst. Min. and Met. Engrs. (in press) 1942a Oil and Gas Activities in New York, 1941. Nat. Oil Scouts and Landsmen’s Ass’n. Year Book, 1941 (in press) Hosmer, Ralph S. 1942 Clifford R. Pettis, Forest Builder. Univ. State of New York Bul- letin to the Schools, 28, no. 7 :238-41 House, H. D. 1942 Bibliography of the Botany of New York State, 1751-1940. Part 1, N. Y. State Mus. Bui.. 328:1-174; Part 2, N. Y. State Mus. Bui., 329:175-233 Howell, B. F. 1942 Geological Studies in Ulster County, New York. N. Y. State Mus. Bui., 327:73-76 1942a Graptolites from Ordovician Normanskill Shale at Kingston Point, Ulster County, New York. N. Y. State Mus. Bui., 327 :77-79 19426 Two New Localities for Fossils in the Ordovician Snake Hill Shale of Ulster County, New York. N. Y. State Mus. Bui., 327:81- 85 1942c New Localities for Fossils in the Devonian Esopus Grit of Ulster County, New York. N. Y. State Mus. Bui., 327:87-91 Newland, D. H. 1942 Guide to the Geology of the Lake George Region. N. Y. State Mus. Hdbk. (in press) Ruedemann, Rudolf 1942 Oldhamia and the Rensselaer Grit Problem. N. Y. State Mus. Bui., 327 :5— 18 1942a Cambrian and Ordovician Fossils. N. Y. State Mus. Bui., 327:19-32 19426 Notes on Ordovician Machoeridia of New York. N. Y. State Mus. Bui., 327 :33-44 1942c Notes on Ordovician Plankton and Radiolarian Chert of New York. N. Y. State Mus. Bui., 327 :45-72 Ruedemann, Rudolf, & Howell, B. F. 1942 Paleontology and Geology (8 papers chiefly on Ordovician fossils). N. Y. State Mus., Bui., 327:1-98 Saunders, A. A. 1942 Summer Birds on the Allegany State Park, N. Y. State Mus. Hdbk., 18:1-313 ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT 59 Stoner, Dayton 1941 Homing Instinct in the Bank Swallow. Bird-Banding, 912, no. 3:104-9 1941(i Our Birds — Martyrs to Speed. The State [New York] Employee, 10, no. 7:223-47 1941b A Noteworthy Concentration of Birds. Auk, 58, no. 4 :588— 89 1941c Feeding Behavior of a Water-Snake. Science, 94 :367 1942 Author’s Summary of his “Homing Instinct in the Bank Swallow.” [Bird-Banding, 12, no. 3:104-9, 1941] Biological Abstracts, no. 1:289 1942a Some Recent Interesting [Bird] Records for the Albany Region. Feathers, 4 no. 3:17-19 194 2b Purple Martins at Albany and Saratoga. Univ. State of New York Bulletin to the Schools, 28, no. 7:251-54 Upson, Helen N. 1942 Wartime Forestry. Univ. State of New York Bulletin to the Schools, 28, no. 7 :226-28 White, W. L. 1942 Studies in the Genus Helotium I. A Review of the Species Described by Peck. Mycologia, 34:154-79 Woodruff, J. G. 1942 Geology of the Wellsville Quadrangle. N. Y. State Mus. Bui., 326:1-135 MUSEUM ACCESSIONS FOR THE YEAR Accessions are new additions to the Museum. These are classified into the following groups : 1 By donation; objects presented to the Museum (see also page 69). 2 By exchange ; for other Museum materials etc. 3 By purchases; payments from the Museum budget. 4 By the staff ; collected by the staff during official duties of any kind. 5 By transfer, from other state departments or other divisions of the State Government, as provided by law. Gifts to scientific and educational institutions are listed at the end of this section. BY DONATION American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, New York. Specimen of cockroach Andrews, Mrs George S., Saratoga Springs 3 old handmade log measuring sticks 2 old handmade wooden apparatuses. Use unknown Percussion gun 2 Indian baskets Annesley & Co., through William R. Boyland, Albany Bronze bust of George Washington by Gevelot Athenaeum, The, Saratoga Springs Book “Marcia Schuyler” by Grace Lutz, illustrated by E. L. Henry Atkinson, James, Valatie Pegmatite near Spencertown, south of Chatham from road cut Green rock (serpentine) just north of Minerva 60 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Baim, T. C., Schenectady- 45 plant specimens from eastern New York Baldwin, N. T., Schenectady Specimen of maple borer, Schenectady Barlow, Sister Lillian, Second Family of Shakers, Mount Lebanon Hand wrought iron eave trough bracket Barnard, John M., Saratoga Springs Hand wrought bridge pin 2 old basswood barrels Old wooden pump Swift Curley maple rolling pin Iron bootjack, beetle design Old two-tined pitchfork Spinning wheel Bashe, Mrs A. L., Albany Specimen of saw-tooth grain beetle, Albany Barner, Abraham, Troy Specimens of larvae of black carpet beetle, Troy Betts, Mr and Mrs Clarence W., Saratoga Springs Rodgers Group “Fetching the Doctor” Paintings by John Van Orden Bishop, Stuart, Glass, John, and Mullins, Terry, Albany Northern barred owl, Albany Bolton, Miss Evelyn Page, Troy. David Grant, collector Old office box Bowen, Ward C., Elsmere Cinereous shrew, Elsmere Boyland, William, Albany Old Albany street photograph. 1492-1892 celebration Brenenstuhl, David, Petersburg. David Grant, collector Broad axe Brockett, L. B., Johnstownville, Old corn sheller Brown, Joseph R. jr, Albany Old cleaver used in Schoharie county Burnham, Rose, Keeseville 6 specimens of graphite 1 specimen wollastonite from Burnham property near Willsboro, N. Y. Callison, Mr and Mrs Eugene H., Kahoka, Mo. Old Dutch kas from New York State Large wooden butter bowl Candle mould Old steelyards Cord bed tightener Camp, George, Schenectady Series of specimens illustrating life-cycle of the apple tent caterpillar, Schenectady Carlson, John F., Memphis, Tenn. 2 photographs of pipe tomahawks Carr Estate, Edith Wallbridge, Scranton, Pa. Old quilt Old shawl Mantle scarf or lambrequin Casey Estate, through Arthur Pound, State Historian, Albany Folding or press bed Chubb, Mrs F. Y., New York Oil painting “Near Sheffield, Mass.” by H. Bolton Jones Oil painting “Artificial Flower Makers” by Francis C. Jones ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT 61 Coe, Abraham B., Cherry Valley Pseudoscorpion, Cherry Valley Coker, W. C„ Chapel Hill, N. C. Specimen of Hydnum Blackfordae Peck Specimen of Hydnum geogenium Fr., from North Carolina Crockett, R. L., Oneida 8 plant specimens from central New York Cummings, E. J., Schenectady 30 specimens of plants from the vicinity of Schenectady Deats, William, Barryville 60 section slides of fossil plants, near Pond Eddy DeLuca, Joe, Peekskill 3 specimens of emery from DeLuca Emery Mine, near Peekskill DeShaw, Elton R., Delmar Specimen of Sphecoid wasp, Delmar DeShaw, Richard, Delmar Fossil brachiopod ( Gypidula coeymanensis) , near Thatcher Park Dickerson, A. F., Schenectady Specimens of termites, Schenectady Docus, L. ; Rossi, L. and A., Albany Chestnut-sided warbler, Albany Dougherty, Lloyd, Union Springs Specimens of Cimex sp., Union Springs Dwight, Jean and Lucia, Albany Specimens of the American cockroach, Albany Edwards, Miss Louise, Salisbury. David Grant, collector 2 pieces of old wooden waterpipe joint Fayer weather, Charles S., New Lebanon Old swift from the Jonathan Murdock House, New Lebanon Fayerweather, Mrs Margaret, New Lebanon Great blue heron, New Lebanon Follett, Louis E., Saratoga Springs Sinew stone ; 2 celts ; stemmed arrowpoint, Saratoga Springs Force, Mrs Juliana, director, Whitney Museum of American Art, New York The W. F. Winter “Shaker Portfolio” and negatives Shaker Portfolio “Index to Negatives” by Winter Freeman, Joseph T., Rensselaer Specimen of Scarabaeid grub, Rensselaer Specimens of wireworms and fly larvae, Rensselaer French, Mrs Harold P., Loudonville 4 specimens of plants from Albany county Fryer, William, Rensselaer Specimen of Eyed elater, Rensselaer Glasgow, Dr Hugh, Geneva Specimens of grubs and adults of Aniphimallon majalis, Newark Goldring, Dr Winifred, Slingerlands Admission card to opening ceremonies of the American Museum of Natural History, December 22, 1877 Graham, Dr C. F., Albany Star-nosed mole, Albany Grant, David, Troy Advertising poster of Simmons’ Axe and Tool Factory Photostat of old Newspaper: “The Wasp” Greeley, Dr J. R., Delmar Eastern warbling vireo, Slingerlands Griffin Lumber Company, Hudson Falls Specimen of magnetite 2j4 miles southwest of Thurman Station 62 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Groesbeck, W. M., Hornell Specimens of stoneflies, Hornell Specimens of dipterous larvae, Hornell Hagen, Mrs John A., Watervliet. David Grant, collector Old box Kodak, 1890 Hakes, William Karl, Petersburg. David Grant, collector Knife cleaning tray Old cart wheel hub Old rolling pin Wooden trencher 2 dressmaker’s pleating blocks Old mouse trap Old iron kettle Bee trap 3 Currier and Ives Prints of Civil War Hamner, C. C., Hartford, Conn. 2 specimens of plants and one seed collection, from Fisher’s Island Hasbrook, Miss Mary K., Ogdensburg 9 specimens of plants from St Lawrence county Heatly High School, The Children of, Green Island, N. Y. Through Miss Norine Keating, principal, and David Grant 19th Century stove made at Green Island Helmle, Miss Alice B., Canton Staffordshire platter commemorating the landing of General LaFayette, Castle Garden in New York, August 16, 1824 Henry, H. K., Argyle Specimens and work of termites, Argyle Herman, Mrs Theresia, Suffern Specimens of pine-bark aphids, Suffern Herrington, Ralph, West Hoosick. David Grant, collector Ember tongs Sausage stuffer Old broiler Blacksmith’s tool Old tin sconce Box of wooden patterns used in working models of Eagle Mowing Machine Models of mowing machines 6 patent papers on mowing machines Box of repair parts for Eagle Mowing machine Holcomb, Miss Mildred, Stephentown. David Grant, collector Old manuscript text book, compiled in 1807 Hollister, J. M., Schenectady 3 spiders, Melbourne, Fla. Hunting, Miss Edith (Nathan Crary Collection), Knox Extensive collection of materials illustrating the early pill box industry at Knox Hurley, Donald, Little Falls Sphalerite in calcite from a brecciated vein of Little Falls dolomite at Barge Canal excavations, Little Falls Quartz crystal in Little Falls dolomite at Middleville Quartz coral (Favosites), Inghams Mills Ibbott, William B., Howard, John, and Wilson, Carl, South Cambridge Snowy owl, South Cambridge Ingraham, Donald, Cambridge. David Grant, collector 2 old coffee grinders John Friedrickson Company, Waterford. David Grant, collector Steel cooper’s adze — wooden handle ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT 63 Jones, S. B., Schenectady Sphalerite from Cushing stone quarry at Cranesville Jordan, Jack, Rensselaer Northern barred owl, Rensselaer Kinley, Miss Marian, Batavia Short-billed marsh wren, Batavia Kleist, Elva M., White Plains Specimen of Anoplura, White Plains Kopf, Max J., Lancaster 3 fossil crinoids ( Botryocrinus crassus) ; 5 fossil crinoids (P oterio-crinus kopfi ) : 5 fossil crinoids ( Logocrinus geniculatus) ; 5 fossil crinoids ( Botryocrinus nycteus) from Livingston county • Fossil crinoid ( Ancyrocrinus bulbosus ) Windham Langden, General Russell C., Brooklyn Civil War collection Officer’s sword Cuban machete Bronze bowl from Mindanao Liddle, G. T., Amsterdam Specimen of dipterous larva, Amsterdam Lithgow, David C., Albany. Through Wilfred Thomas 4 oil paintings by Lithgow, Page and Barkintin Livingston, George T., Petersburg. David Grant, collector Old iron rake Main, Louise P., Albany Specimen of tick, Herkimer Mang, William N., Niagara Falls Specimens of larder beetles, Niagara Falls Mansfield, William K., Waterford. David Grant, collector Blaine-Cleveland campaign torch Marsters, Mrs C. E. Albany Shaker post card, postmarked September 17, 1907 Martin, Miss Mabel, Albany Caterpillars of pipe-vine swallowtail butterflies, Albany McClelland, W. H., Perry 41 specimens, including 12 cut gems of chalcedony after coral from Florida Milligan, Mrs J. Boardman, New York Additional materials for the Admiral Charles D. Sigsbee collection Montgomery, James M., Delmar 20 specimens of rose quartz and graphic granite from the Overlook quarry of the Atlas-Feldspar Corporation near Sacandaga Lake Munger, Mrs Clement A., Voorheesville Bluejay, Voorheesville Mynter, Kenneth H., Claverack Bannerstone blank, from near Hudson Neumann, Mrs C., Delmar Specimens of bark beetles, Delmar Specimen of parasitic wasp, Delmar Specimens of sawflies, Delmar Noyes, Mrs M. F., Rensselaer Specimen of luna moth, Rensselaer Oatman, A. B., North Bennington, Vt. Hand-forged window shutter hinges Old ladder rung plane 64 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Oliver, George M., Albany 3 specimens of English sparrow Specimen of stag beetle, Albany Palmer, Mrs Vaca, Albany Specimen of sawdust caused by wood-boring insects Parks, Miss Helen, Troy. David Grant, collector Old tin nutmeg grater Pattison, Edward H., Troy. David Grant, collector Framed coat of arms Pauly, K. A., Schenectady 25 fossils from Florida 36 fossils from Texas 131 thin section slides of Trenton limestone from several localities in New York State Peeney, Mrs F. W., Glenmont Chromo-lithograph “Niagara Falls” by Church Two oil paintings Phelps, Mrs Orra Parker, Gansevoort 18 specimens of plants from New York State Pittsburgh Coke and Iron Company, Iron River, Mich., through T. F. Hildreth, Lockport Hematite — nearly pure, from Davidson No. 1 mine near Iron River, Mich. Powers, Mrs Harry, Hannibal. David Grant, collector Old pamphlet “Picture Gallery of Beasts” 5 old school certificates Reddy, Mrs John, Loudonville Specimens of clover mites, Loudonville Reinmann, I. G., Buffalo 4 fossil crinoids (Gennaeocrinus) , Rockport, Mich. Rescott, Mrs Clyde, West Sand Lake Pair of beaded buckskin gloves; pair of leather garters; beaded pouch; 4 beaded balls; silver finger ring from western U.S.A. Robinson, Mrs Charles, Albany 3 catlinite calumets ; 2 catlinite pipe bowls ; terra cotta pipe bowl ; steatite pipe bowl ; stone-headed club ; wooden hook ; whip ; grass basket; toy grass basket; grass ring; buckskin animal effigy; string of white glass beads ; 2 buckskin pads ; rawhide bracelet ; fiber tray ; beaded headband; leather pouch; collected in western U. S. A. by Foster Pruyn, Albany Rowley, Elmer B., Glens Falls 4 specimens of cross veins of quartz in slightly calcareous sandstone partly etched by weathering. From locality east of Whitehall Series of 12 large black terminated tourmaline crystals ; one large speci- men each, of rose quartz and feldspar. From the Overlook quarry of the Atlas-Feldspar Corporation, near Sacandaga Lake Sanderson, Emily, Loudonville Eastern meadowlark, Loudonville Sanderson, W. E. Loudonville 2 ring-necked pheasants, Loudonville Skull of ring-necked pheasant, Loudonville Skull of cedar waxwing, Valatie Wood thrush, Albany Eastern nighthawk, Loudonville Schaeffer, Joe, Albany Black-capped chickadee, Albany Schreiber, O. L., Kingston 100 specimens of plants from New York and New England Schwartz, Francis, Albany Specimens of grasshoppers, Albany ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT 65 Smith, Charles P., Kingston, Pa. Slab containing corals and bryozoans, Pennsylvania Smith, H. J., Watervliet Fossil cephalopod, between Copenhagen and Deer River St Clair House, Through Deaconess Amy G. Thompson and the Rev. M. P. Huntington, North Red Hook Edward L. Mooney collection of memorabilia Stromberg, Mrs Alfred, Albany English sparrow Thomas, Frank M., Albany Agricultural broadside Old shell Advertising broadside for R. & F. Harvey’s hot air house heating fur- naces and stoves Book — The Three Gardens 2 old photograph albums from residence of Edward L. Mooney, Red Hook Old photograph of Albany street from residence of Edward L. Mooney, Red Hook Old quill pen 3 old photographs from Pumpelly Read House, 7 Elk street, Albany Old sugar cutter from Pumpelly Read House, 7 Elk street, Albany Old money belt decorated with porcupine quills Old fountain pen from Norman Clute, Schenectady 4 old photographer’s hand bills Catalog “How to Make Photographs” 26 Shaker manifestos 2 old radio sets, crystal receiving and Armstrong receiver Thomas, Mrs Ida M., Albany Iron bas relief of President William McKinley Oil painting by Will Low Thomas, Wilfred, Albany Whale oil lamp Old wine glass Copper lustre mug Watch stand from Pumpelly Read House, Albany Old brass paper clamp from Pumpelly Read House, Albany Photograph of military badge or medal from Pumpelly Read House, Albany Beetle bootjack from Pumpelly Read House, Albany 2 foreign knives (letter openers) from Pumpelly Read House, Albany Transparency portrait, from Pumpelly Read House, Albany Letter seal from Pumpelly Read House, Albany Indian basket Leather mail pouch Saratoga glass tumbler Thompson, Miss Marietta, Albany. David Grant, collector Photograph of Putnam Steamer No. 2 Metal reproduction of Declaration of Independence Old ambrotype portrait of Civil War soldier Old photograph album of Civil War soldiers and national politicians of about 1890 The Albany Journal Newspaper, of 1853 5 old records, firemen’s etc. Civil War papers Tilford, Ernest H., Smiths Basin Large piece of Steatite vessel with lug, Washington county Titus Eddy Estate, Troy. David Grant, collector 2 labels Tolhurst, Anna M., Albany Old bread toaster Wooden chopping bowl and chopping knife Old can opener 66 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Tryon, James Owen, Athens. Wilfred Thomas, collector U. S. Naval Commission of Commodore signed by Grover Cleveland, 1893 Framed photograph of “U. S. S. Quinnebang” in Alexandria Harbor, Egypt, 1884 Union College Diploma of Jacob Tryon, 1857 Old book — U. S. Navy Officers’ Register, 1899 Framed certificate dated December 30, 1891. Given when crossing the Equator Framed picture of “Swatara” Bound copies of “The Illustrated American,” February 8, 1896, and “Shipping Illustrated,” May 11, 1907 Navy Register 1868 Photograph album about 1900 Inaugural ball souvenir 1897 11 letters and pamphlets concerning Union College Letter book of Rear Admiral James Rufus Tryon Certificate of Award (Venezuela) Certificate of Merit (Budapest) Van Amringe, Mrs Edith H., New York The Frederic C. Hirons Architectural Collection; drawings, medals and memorabilia Wadsworth, Franklin F., Northville Diatomaceous earth from Bennett lake, Hope township, Adirondack Park Walden, Mr and Mrs Charles, Gaylordsville, Conn. Rattles of timber rattlesnake, Preston Mountain Walden, Mrs Bernard, Brooklyn Specimens of ants, Brooklyn Waldron, Lincoln, West Nyack Specimen of tree-hopper nymph, West Nyack Walkes, F. G., Hillsdale 3 specimens of limonite from the F. G. Walkes farm, Hillsdale Waltermire, Harry T., Chatham Ring-necked snake, Chatham Wanhope, John, Albany Specimen of brown dog tick, Albany Warren & Company, J. M., Troy. David Grant, collector Kerosene torch Weeks, Mrs Walter N., Whitehall About 80 specimens of small garnet crystals. Locality unknown 2 old silk parasols Old camper’s clasp knife, fork and spoon (combination) 9 old fans 4 old razors, English and American straight razors Grebe receiving radio set Weinbrecht, John, Poestenkill. David Grant, collector Old wooden clock works Werzinger, Mrs J. F., Troy. David Grant, collector Old watchmaker’s tools BY EXCHANGE Clausen, R. L., Ithaca 100 specimens of plants in exchange with the Department of Botany, Cornell University, Ithaca Clokey, Ira N,, South Pasadena, Calif. 100 specimens of plants of California ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT 67 Cramer, W. S., Kingston Fossil blastoid (Lapidocystis wanneri) Fruitville, Pa. Fossil crinoid ( Megistocrinus sp.), Schuylkill County, Pa. 3 fossil crinoids ( Heterocrinus ? sp.), Swatora Gap, Pa. Specimen of Bothriolepis canadensis Specimen of Hydnoceras tuberosus Deats, William, Barryville 35 specimens of fossils from various localities ( partial exchange) DuBois, Adrian S., Jersey City, N. J. 400 specimens of plants from Quebec, Canada Gray Herbarium, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. 103 specimens of plants of North America Hoffman, Vernon, Poestenkill. David Grant, collector Old hand-forged “bundle fork” Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis, Mo. 109 specimens of plants mainly from the western United States Muenscher, W. C., Ithaca 27 specimens of plants in exchange with the Department of Botany, Cor- nell University, Ithaca Muller, Prof. Siemon W., Stanford University, Calif. 8 specimens of Hydnoceras Rose, Lewis N., San Francisco, Calif. 200 specimens of plants of the Pacific coast Schmidt, Robert, Callicoon Center Tooth of mammoth ( Elephes primigenius) , near Callicoon Center 46 representative fossils; literature Swayze, Donald, Hudson 3 specimens of large quartz crystals from Lone Star Cement quarry, Greenport township, near Hudson BY PURCHASE Barnard, John M., Saratoga Springs “Saratoga” glass rolling pin “Saratoga” brown glass rolling pin “Saratoga” black or dark green glass rolling pin 2 “Saratoga” glass spring water bottles “Saratoga” glass dipper Fragment of “Saratoga” glass 4 “Saratoga” glass balls Fitzwater, Carson, A., Bath Mastodon tooth from Lake Salubria near Bath Garrison, John M., Cherry vale 7 old stereoptican views Lacoste, Mme Paul, Outremont, Quebec, Canada Miniature portrait of Mrs D. A. Graves, 1835 Levi P. Case Collection, Schenectady 3 old beaded bags Thomas, Frank M., Albany Winnowing tray Foot warmer Old chopping knife Thomas, Wilfred, Albany Oil painting by H. A. Davis, 1877 Oil painting by C. H. Moore, 1861 Box type stereoscope Ward’s Natural Science Establishment, Rochester Fossil cystoid ( Amygdalocystites ?), near Utica 68 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM BY THE STAFF Adams, Dr Charles C., Albany 4 specimens of Shawangunk conglomerate from road cut, Kyserike, on Route 44, near Kerhonkson Casey, John L., Albany Skull of Starling, Albany Chamberlain, K. F., Albany Specimens of moth flies, Slingerlands Flower, Dr R. H., Cincinnati, Ohio 20 fossil cephalopods, West Brook 8 fossil cephalopods, Borodino 2 fossil cephalopods, Cayuga Lake 6 fossil cephalopods, Georgetown 2 fossil cephalopods, near Moravia Glasgow, Dr R. D., and Chamberlain, K. F., Albany Specimens of red-legged ham beetle, Albany Glasgow, Dr R. D., Albany Specimens of blackfly adults, Keene Valley, St Huberts and New Salem Specimens of blackfly larvae, Lake Placid and John Boyd Thacher State Park, Altamont Specimens of blackfly larvae, pupae, and adults, North Elba and Ray Brook Specimens of blackfly larvae, pupae, adults, and eggs, Clarksville Goldring, Dr Winifred, Albany 9 specimens of fossil coral ( Stromatopora barretti), near Salem Hartnagel, C. A., Albany 10 specimens of closely folded and contorted Granville rocks from Pilot Knob, Lake George House, Dr H. D., Albany Hairy-tailed mole, Loudonville 2 white-footed mice, Loudonville Specimen of stonefly, Pilot Knob Specimen of scarabaeid beetle, Loudonville Paladin, Arthur, Albany Skull of eastern gray fox, Ravena 5 skulls of eastern red fox, Nassau, Selkirk, Snyders Lake, Averill Park and New Salem Skull of eastern raccoon, Thompson Lake 9 skulls of mink reared in captivity, Delmar Ruedemann, Rudolf, Albany Chrysalid of giant swallowtail butterfly, Albany Stoner, Dr Dayton, Albany Eastern robin, Albany 3 skulls of black-crowned night heron, Crescent Slate-colored junco, Columbiaville Skull of opossum, Albany Red-bellied snake, Cobleskill Skull of starling, Albany 2 muskrat skulls, Guilderland Center Skull of cottontail, Schodack Landing 2 pseudoscorpions, Voorheesville BY TRANSFER New York State Library, Albany Brass spectacle case from Pumpelly Read Estate, Albany 4 historical medals Old cannonball supposed to have been used in War of 1812 Old ferry tickets of Union Ferry Company, Brooklyn, for foot passengers 8 Continental notes of Rhode Island and Providence Plantation, 1780 ONE HUNDRED SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT 69 GIFTS TO INDIVIDUALS AND INSTITUTIONS Acheson, Hamilton, Cobleskill Collection of 8 fossils Bassler, Dr R. S., Washington, D. C. Thin sections of three stromatoporoid species 4 pieces of Stromatopora barretti Feye, James, Eastman, Wis. Sample of rose quartz from Conklingville Johnson, Professor Helgi, New Brunswick, N. J. 2 plaster casts of Eurypterus remipes 3 specimens of Devonaster eucharis Kraus, Rev. Dr Gelasius, Nova Scotia 70 fossils representing 54 species (For Museum of St Augustine’s Mon- astery) MacColl, D. C., Catskill Collection of 8 fossils Monroe School, Des Moines, Iowa, through Larry Wheeler Specimens of feldspar, rose quartz, mica, talc, magnetite, calcite and carborundum Morgenstern, M. R., Beckley, W. Va. White crystalline limestone, Lake George Rose quartz, Batchellerville Anorthosite, Mount Marcy Coccolite, Keene Valley Talc, Talcville Garnet, Gore Mountain Feldspar, DeKalb Junction Ofstein, A., Mattapan, Mass. Calcite, Rondout Fluorite, Muscalonge Lake Apatite, Lyon Mountain Graphite in calcite, Warren county Hexagonite, St Lawrence county Wilson, Georgia, Buhl, Idaho Specimen of anorthosite from Adirondack Mountains Wood, Rev. Meredith B., Hoosick 32 representative fossils ADDITIONS TO DONATION LIST Through error the following were not included in their proper alphabetical location : Bouton, Mrs Estelle W., Cragsmoor A collection of photographs and negatives by Legrand W. Botsford, of the vicinity of Cragsmoor, and related to E. L. Henry Husson, Miss C. Julie, and Miss Mary Buxton, Cragsmoor An oil painting by E. L. Henry Historic print Kraft, Mr and Mrs Fred G., Cragsmoor Large photograph of “First Railroad Train” by E. L. Henry Plaster bust of Henry P. Avery by Charles Calverly, sculptor Series of valuable memorabilia of E. L. Henry Peter, Charles, Cragsmoor Collection of photographs and scrapbook materials of E. L. Henry New Orleans World’s Fair diploma of E. L. Henry Two sketches, “Old Church” and “Child with Spilled Berries” by E. L Henry . ' ■ . H;; INDEX Accessions, 59-69 Adirondack study, regional, 52 Administrative problems, 56 Appropriations, 55 Archeology, 37 Architectural drawings, collection of, 25, 38 Art and history collection, 25-37; development and care of, by relief agencies, 51 Attendance, annual, 14, 19; school and college groups, 18 Bequest, form of, 9 Bibliography, annual, 57-59 Bird studies, 40 Black fly control, project on, 52 Book binding inventory, 53 Botany, 13, 38 Bouton, Mrs Estella W., gift, 26 Budget, 54 Buxton, Mary D., gift, 26 Civil Works Administration, accom- plishments by, 49 Clerical assistance, from relief agen- cies, 53 Collaborator, 10, 24 Collections, 13; historic and art, 25- 37, 51; storage facilities, 23, 37 Council, State Museum, 24; mem- bers, 9 Council af Parks, State, 16 County and state planning, 16 Curator, honorary, 9 Directory data, staff, 55 Donations, list, 59-66, 69; needed for special projects, 8 Drafting, 24; W.P.A. assistance in, 52 Eights, Dr James, portrait of, 26 Endowment and trust funds, need- ed for special projects, 8 Entomology, 13, 39; indexing and cataloging of literature on, 52 [71] Ethnology, Hall of, becomes Hall of New York History, 38; contents moved, 23 Exchange, accessions by, 66 Exhibition halls, annual attendance to, 19; condition of, 20 Exhibits, condition of, 20; relation to schools and colleges, 17 Financial summary, 54 Force, Mrs Juliana, gift of Shaker photographs, 26 Funds, 55 Gas, economic studies of, 39 Geological resources, field and lab- oratory studies, 13 Geology, 39 Gifts, list, 59-66, 69; to individuals and institutions, 69 Graptolites, monograph of, 40 Green Island school children, pres- entation of stove, 25 Hall of New York History, 13, 38 Henry, E. L., Collection, report on, 38 Hirons, Frederick Charles, studies of, given art collection, 25, 38 Historic and art collection, 25-37; development and care of, by relief agencies, 51 History, 37 Honorary curator, 9 Hours of work, 55 Huntington, Rev. M.P.H., gift, 26 Husson, C. Julie, gift, 26 Indian collections, 38 Indian Wampum Collection, 23, 38 Industrial history collection, 25, 37 Information, 19 Insect collection, 39 Kraft, Fred G., gift, 26 Lithgow, David C., murals, 13, 38 72 INDEX Mineral products, economic studies of, 39 Mollusca, study collection of, 40 Mooney, Edward Ludlow, Collec- tion, 26 Mosquito control program, 39, 50, 51 Museum budget, 54 Museum Council, 24; members, 9 Museum needs, 56 Natural gas, economic studies of, 39 Needs of the State Museum, 56 New York History, Hall of, 38 Oil, economic studies of, 39 Paleontology, 40 Parks, State Council of, 16 Peters, Charles, gift, 26 Photography, 24; W.P.A. assistance in, 52 Planning, state and county, 16 Potter, Admiral, Collection, 25 Printing, 19 Publications, 19; inventory, 53; staff, list, 57-59 Publicity, 19 Purchase, accessions by, 67 Quadrangles, reports on, 39, 40 Quidor, signed sketches of, 26 Relief agencies, accomplishments by, 49-54 Salaries, staff, 55 Schools, relation of museum ex- hibits to, 17 Scientific appointments, temporary, 9 Shaker collection, 52; architectural drawings of buildings, 25, 38; se- ries of photographs for, 26 Staff, accessions from, 68; directory data, 55; members, 9; publications by, 57-59; salaries, 55; summary of activities of, 37-49; temporary scientific appointments, 10; work of employes of relief agencies, 49-54 State and county planning, 16 State Council of Parks, 16 State Museum Council, 24; mem- bers, 9 Statistical summary, 54 Stetson-Wells E. L. Henry Art Col- lection, 13, 26 Storage facilities, condition of, 23; new, collections moved to, 37 Suffolk county, mosquito extermina- tion project, 50 Summary, financial and statistical, 54 Taxidermy, 49 Temporary scientific appointments, 10 Thompson, Deaconess Amy Green, gift, 26 Transfer, accessions by, 68 Translations, work of relief agen- cies, 53 Trust funds, needed for special proj- ects, 8 Vacation allowance, 55 Van Amringe, Mrs Edith Hirons, gift to art collection, 25 Van Rensselaer Deed of 1630, 38 W. P. A., accomplishments by, 49- 54; architectural survey of Shaker buildings, 38; entomological proj- ect, 39 Winter, William F., Shaker photo- graphs of, 26 Work Projects Administration, 38, 39, 49-54 Zoology, 13, 40 Zoology Hall, seat for, 20 ' ■ .