NOAA TR NMFS SSRF-663 A UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PUBLICATION T" NOAA Technical Report NMFS SSRF-663 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Fish Larvae Collected from the Northeastern Pacific Ocean and Puget Sound During April and May 1967 KENNETH D. WALDRON SEATTLE, WA December 1972 NOAA TECHNICAL REPORTS National Marine Fisheries Service, Special Scientific Report-Fisheries Series The major responsibilities of the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) are to monitor and assess the abundance and geographic distribution of fishery resources, to understand and predict fluctuations in the quantity and distribution of these resources, and to establish levels for optimum use of the resources. NMFS is also charged with the development and implementation of policies for managing national fishing grounds, develop- ment and enforcement of domestic fisheries regulations, surveillance of foreign fishing off United States coastal waters, and the development and enforcement of international fishery agreements and policies. NMFS also as- sists the fishing industry through marketing service and economic analysis programs, and mortgage insurance and vessel construction subsidies. It collects, analyzes, and publishes statistics on various phases of the industry. The Special Scientific Report — Fisheries series was established in 1949. The series carries reports on scien- tific investigations that document long-term continuing programs of NMFS, or intensive .scientific reports on studies of restricted scope. The reports may deal with applied fishery problems. The series is also used as a medium for the publication of bibliographies of a specialized scientific nature. NOAA Technical Reports NMFS SSRF are available free in limited numbers to governmental agencies, both Federal and State. They are also available in exchange for other scientific and technical publications in the marine sciences. Individual copies may be obtained (unless otherwise noted) from NOAA Publications Section, Rockville, Md. 20852. Recent SSRF's are: 604. The flora and fauna of a basin in central Florida Bay. By J. Harold Hudson, Donald M. Allen, and T. J. Costello. May 1970, iii + 14 pp., 2 figs., 1 table. 605. Contributions to the life histories of several penaeid shrimps (Penaeidae) along the south Atlantic Coast of the United States. By William W. Anderson. May 1970, iii + 24 pp., 15 figs., 12 tables. 606. Annotated references on the Pacific saury, Colol- abis saira. By Steven E. Hughes. June 1970, iii + 12 pp. 607. Studies on continuous transmission frequency modulated sonar. Edited by Frank J. Hester. June 1970, iii -f 26 pp. 1st paper. Sonar target classification experiments with a continuous- transmission Doppler sonar, by Frank J. Hester, pp. 1-20, 14 figs., 4 tables; 2d paper, Acoustic target strength of several species of fish, by H. W. Volberg, pp. 21-26, 10 figs. 608. Preliminary designs of traveling screens to col- lect juvenile fish. July 1970, v + 15 pp. 1st paper. Traveling screens for collection of juvenile salmon (models I and II), by Daniel W. Bates and John G. Vanderwalker, pp. 1-5, 6 figs., 1 table; 2d paper. Design and operation of a canti- levei'ed traveling fish screen (model V), by Dan- iel W. Bates, Ernest W. Murphey, and Earl F. Prentice, 10 figs., 1 table. 609. Annotated bibliography of zooplankton sampling devices. By Jack W. Jossi. July 1970, iii 4- 90 pp. 610. Limnological study of lower Columbia River, 1967-68. By Shirley M. Clark and George R. Snyder. July 1970, iii + 14 pp., 15 figs., 11 tables. 611. Laboratory tests of an electrical barrier for con- trolling predation by northern squawfish. By Galen H. Maxfield, Robert H. Lander, and Charles D. Volz. July 1970, iii + 8 pp., 4 figs., 5 tables. 612. The Trade Wind Zone Oceanography Pilot Study. Part VIII: Sea-level meteorological properties and heat exchange processes, July 1963 to June 1965. By Gunter R. Seckel. June 1970, iv + 129 pp., 6 figs., 8 tables. 613. Sea-bottom photographs and macrobenthos col- lections from the Continental Shelf off Massa- chusetts. By Roland L. Wiglev and Roger B. Theroux. August 1970, iii + 12 pp., 8 figs., 2 tables. 614. A sled-mounted suction sampler for benthic or- ganisms. By Donald M. Allen and J. Harold Hudson. August 1970, iii + 5 pp., 5 figs., 1 table. 615. Distribution of fishing effort and catches of skip- jack tuna, Katsiiwonus pelamis, in Hawaiian waters by quarters of the year, 1948-65. By Richard N. Uchida. June 1970, iv + 37 pp., 6 figs., 22 tables. 616. Effect of quality of the spawning bed on growth and development of pink salmon embryos and alevins. By Ralph A. Wells and William J. Mc- Neil. August 1970, iii + 6 pp., 4 tables. 617. Fur seal investigations, 1968. By NMFS, Ma- rine Mammal Biological Laboratory. December 1970, iii + 69 pp., 68 tables. 618. Spawning areas and abundance of steelhead trout and coho, sockeye, and chum salmon in the Columbia River Basin - past and present. By Leonard A. Fulton. December 1970, iii + 37 pp., 6 figs., 11 maps, 9 tables. 619. Macrozooplankton and small nekton in the coastal waters off Vancouver Island (Canada) and Washington, .spring and fall of 1963. By Donald S. Day, January 1971, iii + 94 pp., 19 figs., 13 tables. 620. The Trade Wind Zone Oceanography Pilot Study. Part IX : The sea-level wind field and wind stress values, July 1963 to June 1965. By Gunter R. Seckel. June 1970, iii + 66 pp., 5 figs. Continued on inside back cover. ^O A-VMOSP^, ^'Wemt of U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Peter G. Peterson, Secretary NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION Robert M. White, Administrator NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE Philip M. Roedel, Director NOAA Technical Report NMFS SSRF-663 Fish Larvae Collected from the Northeastern Pacific Ocean and Puget Sound During April and May 1967 KENNETH D. WALDRON SEATTLE, WA December 1972 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 - Pxice 30 cents The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) does not approve, rec- ommend or endorse any proprietary product or proprietary material mentioned in this publication. No reference shall be made to NMFS, or to this publication furnished by NMFS, in any advertising or sales pro- motion which would indicate or imply that NMFS approves, recommends or endorses any proprietary product or proprietary material mentioned herein, or which has as its purpose an intent to cause directly or indirectly the advertised product to be used or purchased because of this NMFS publication. CONTENTS Page Introduction 1 Methods and equipment 2 Results 4 Relative abundance of fish larvae by family 4 Scorpaenidae 4 Pleuronectidae 6 Gadidae 6 Myctophidae 6 Ammodytidae 7 Acknowledgments 7 Literature cited 7 Appendix Tables 1-4 8-15 m Fish Larvae Collected from the Northeastern Pacific Ocean and Puget Sound During April and May 1967 By KENNETH D. WALDRON, Fishery Biologist National Marine Fisheries Service Northwest Fisheries Center 2725 Montlake Boulevard East Seattle, W A 98102 ABSTRACT Fish larvae belonging; to 24 families and the suborder Blennioidea were collected from Puget Sound and the Pacific Ocean off British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon during April and May 1967. All families and the Blennioidea were present in oceanic waters, but only 13 families and the Blennioidea were present in Puget Sound. The most abundant families in the oceanic area were Scorpaenidae, Myctophidae, and Pleuronectidae, whereas in Puget Sound the most abundant families were Gadidae, Pleuronectidae, and Scorpaenidae. Variations in composition and numbers of larvae in the catch were associated with area, water depth, water temperature, and time of day at which the collections were made. INTRODUCTION A large number of plankton samples have been collected from the offshore waters of Washington and Oregon, but there is a dearth of reports about the fish larvae in these collections. This lack of published reports became apparent during an investigation of the spawning habits of Pacific hake, Merluccius productus (Ayres), in waters north of California. In 1965 an experimental fishery developed for hake off the coasts of Washington and Oregon, as well as within Puget Sound. At the same time scientists at the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS: then the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries) began studies of the life history of hake found in these waters. Two stocks contribute to the hake fishery of Washington. One is present throughout the year within Puget Sound, possibly extending north- ward into the Strait of Georgia, and is known to spawn in Puget Sound.' The second, called the oceanic stock, is present in the coastal waters from California to at least southern British Columbia (Grinols and Tillman, 1970; Nelson, 1970; Nelson and Larkins, 1970). From May to November, adult oceanic hake are abundant northward from central California to Southern Vancouver Island, with the center of abundance off northern Oregon and southern Washington; they are scarce or absent from this same area from December through April. It is also known that large numbers of hake eggs and larvae are present in waters off southern California during ' Larkins, H. A., H. H. Shippen, and K. D. Waldron. 1967. Features of a northern Pu^et Sound hake popula- tion. U.S. Dep. Commer., Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., North- west Fisheries Center, Seattle, Wash. Unpublished manuscript, 19 p. February through April (Ahlstrom and Counts, 1955). Based on these facts it was inferred that hake migrate along the Pacific coast between a northern feeding ground (late spring to fall) and a southern spawning ground (winter through early spring). The extent of the adult hake population off southern California has not been well defined, and few catches of the magnitude of those made in the northern feeding grounds have been made off southern California (Nelson and Larkins, 1970). Grinols and Tillman (1970) pointed out that some hake populations move from shallow to deep water during their spawning migration. The evidence for such a migration among Pacific hake was weaker than that for latitudinal migra- tion, but it was felt necessary to investigate the possibility by searching for eggs and larvae in the area offshore from the northern feeding grounds. Existing reports of fish larvae and eggs were based upon collections made at times of year or with types of tows not well suited for collecting hake larvae. LeBrasseur (1964,2 i965,:' 1970) did not find hake in a large series of plankton col- lections made over a number of years by the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. Most of the samples reported by LeBrasseur were collected by vertical net tows; larval fish were present in less than 5% of these tows. Aron (1960) reported on collections made with Isaacs-Kidd midwater trawls during the summer. He did not find hake in oceanic collec- tions but did catch 13 juvenile hake in Puget Sound. After examining existing data it was decided to search for hake eggs and larvae in waters off Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia at a time of year when hake would be expected to spawn. This survey was undertaken during April and May 1967, and also provided a means of obtaining reference specimens and information about the spawning behavior of other fishes. 2 LeBrasseur, R. J. 1964. Data record: a preliminary checklist of some marine plankton from the northeastern Pacific Ocean. Fish. Res. Board Can., Manuscr. Rep. Ser. (Oceanogr. Limnol.) No. 174, 14 p. ^ LeBrasseur, R. J. 196.5. Biomass atlas of net zoo- plankton in the northeastern Pacific Ocean, 19.56-1964. Fish. Res. Board Can., Manuscr. Rep. Ser. (Oceanogr. Limnol.) No. 201, 14 p. text, [247 Fig.] . METHODS AND EQUIPMENT A pattern of stations was laid out between 42° to 51°N and extending offshore about 550 km (Fig. 1 and Appendix Tables 1 and 2). Within these bounds, stations were located with ref- erence to certain bathyorographical features, e.g., the Cobb Seamount (U.S. Naval Oceano- graphic Office, 1971). Along the inshore portion of each line, stations were located at the 55-, 119-, 183-, and 914-m (30-, 65-, 100-, and 500-fm) isobaths. Along the deeper portions of the lines, stations were spaced at 111 km (60 nautical miles) intervals. Two NMFS vessels at Seattle were used to carry out the survey. The RV John N. Cobb was used to sample at the inshore series of 40 stations, i.e., those located from the 55 to 914 m isobaths, and the RV George B. Kelez covered a series of 48 stations beyond the 914 m (500 fm) isobath. All stations were fished between April 12 and May 11, a period believed to be near optimum to discover evidence of hake spawning, if indeed any occurred in the area. The John N. Cobb fished 3 Puget Sound and 40 oceanic stations between 12 and 19 April; the George B. Kelez fished 11 Puget Sound and 48 135° 125° I 1 15 1 14 13 ' 1 2 7 1 .. — A \ 1 1 ' 1 ■ ▲ A ▲ A i*« • r^ ^ tl 16 17 19 20 K^''^ ^W, — ▲ ▲ le A A ■»••<. ~> 'b — ▲ 1^8 fe 25 24 " 22 21 ^ 3^ _ ▲ ▲ A « • • • ^ 1 ^ -V - 12 — .5 V_ X s 26 27 34 35 36 • • • JcSp?*^ k A A ▲ A A IE — - i9\FloHer» nl 28 33 38 37 60 1 1 y _ A A„ A A A ••••V — Cobb Seomount^ 20 -23. - 29^ 30^^31 a'^ 1° 41 A 25 26 24* 'aV ^ n ymbio ^ 47 46 44.45 43 42 — A A A A A 28—31 ~ 48 59 58 57 " 49 52 A 53 A 56 ••• • 32 — 35 36-39/ " 50 51 A 54 A 55 *~7Co(» Bl anco ▲ ▲ A A ao-«3l. - /Cope — 1 1 1 . , , 1 1 , , 1 i Mendocino Figure 1. — Location of stations in the oceanic fishing area; 12 April to 11 May 1967. Stations are designated by dots for the RV John N. Cobb and by triangles for the RV George B. Kelez; station positions are listed in Appendix Tables 1 and 2. oceanic stations between 24 April and 11 May (Fig. 2). Collections were made with 1-m nets con- structed of white No. 30XXX grit gauze (nomi- nal mesh aperture 0.7 mm when new and 0.5- 0.6 mm after some use), similar in design to a 1-m net used extensively by the California Cooperative Oceanic Fishery Investigation (CalCOFI; Ahlstrom, 1952). These nets were towed over an oblique path to a depth of about 200 m, depth of water permitting. Vessel speed during the tows was maintained at 1 to 2 knots. The net was lowered rapidly (about 50 m of wire per minute) until the desired amount of wire had been paid out, and the net was then retrieved at about 20 to 25 m of wire per minute. The amount of water strained was estimated with a flowmeter^ mounted in the center of the mouth of the net. A bathykymo- graph. Marine Advisors Model T-1. attached to the bridle of the net provided a record of the path of the net through the water with respect to depth and time. A single tow was made at each station unless an obvious gear malfunction occurred. Also, at each station the surface water temperature was measured, a salinity sample collected, and a bathythermograph lowered to a depth of about 275 m. Plankton samples were preserved in 10% Formalin (3.7% formaldehyde) buffered with borax, and returned to the laboratory for further processing. In the laboratory the displacement volume of the total catch was measured, the fish eggs and larvae removed, and the remainder of the sample sent to the Smithsonian Oceano- graphic Sorting Center in Washington, D.C. Total numbers of fish larvae caught at each station are presented in Appendix Table 3 and the total plankton volumes in Appendix Tables 1 and 2. The actual numbers and volumes may be converted to standard units through use of Standard Haul Factors (SHF) presented in Appendix Table 4. Factor (A), catch per 10 cubic meters of water strained per meter of depth fished, should be used to standardize the numbers of larvae because this permits com- parison of numbers caught at different stations (Ahlstrom, 1948). Factor (B), catch per 1,000 124 ■* Manufactured by Tsurumi-Seiki Kosakusho Co., Ltd., Yokohama, Japan. Figure 2. — Location of fishing stations in Puget Sound and adjacent waters, 10 April to 22 April 1967. Stations are designated by dots for the RV John N. Cobb and by triangles for the RV George B. Kelez; station positions are listed in Appendix Tables 1 and 2. cubic meters of water strained, can be used to standardize the volume of zooplankton. Because of the lack of any comprehensive key to fish larvae of the northeastern Pacific Ocean, identification was made by several means. Many of the larvae were identified by comparing them with specimens of known identity in the collec- tions of the NMFS Fishery-Oceanography Cen- ter at La JoUa, Calif. The identification of some of the more northerly forms was based upon specimens of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada at their Biological Station in Nanaimo, British Columbia. Identification of a few speci- mens was made on the basis of published descriptions. Larvae were classified to the smallest taxo- nomic group possible; in some cases this was only to family and, in the case of blennioids, only to suborder. Identification of some of the larvae is tentative due to lack of adequate published description or identified material. Specimens not positively identified are shown with a question mark after the listing. RESULTS Appendix Table 3 shows the catches of larvae made at each station of the survey. Appendix Tables 1 and 2 show the pertinent station data, and text Table 1 shows the numbers of larvae, percentage by area and by family, and the rank for family groups represented in the catch. Larvae belonging to 24 families plus the sub- order Blennioidea were identified in the catches. Only 13 families and the Blennioidea were present in catches from Puget Sound. Catches from the oceanic area included representatives of 24 families and the Blennioidea. About 48% of all larvae were caught at 14 stations in Puget Sound and adjacent waters. The remaining 52% were caught at 88 oceanic stations. Fish larvae were caught at all but one station (George B. Kelez Station 13), although at three other oceanic stations only a single larva was caught. Standard length (SL) of the fish larvae was generally less than 10 mm, with a total range of2.7to40mm. Hake eggs and larvae were absent from the oceanic areas, were scarce or absent from the area just north of Puget Sound (Admiralty Inlet and southern Strait of Georgia), but were abundant in Puget Sound, especially in Port Susan. Except for hake, fish eggs were not separated by species and were not considered in the remainder of this report. The oceanic area was rather arbitrarily divided into inshore and offshore subdivisions, with the 914 m (500 fm) isobath as the dividing line. The inshore subdivision as used here is essentially the continental shelf and upper part of the continental slope. The offshore subdivi- sions were over the abyssal portion of the North Pacific Basin where depths were between the 1,829 and 3,658 m (1.000 and 2,000 fm) isobaths. These subdivisions were also characterized by the abundance of certain groups of larvae in the upper 250 m. In the offshore area, catches were composed mainly of Myctophidae (72%), Scorpaenidae (16%), Bathylagidae (6%), and Chauliodontidae (1%), with 14 families making up the remaining 5% of the catch. At stations of the inshore subdivision, plus four stations in offshore waters at which depths were less than 914 m {George B. Kelez stations 18, 23, 26, and 32^), the catch was predominantly Scorpaenidae (55%), Pleuronectidae (22%), Ammodytidae (5%), Myctophidae (5%), Osmeridae (2%), and Gadidae (2%), with 10 families making up the remaining 9% of the larvae. It is worthwhile to note that in waters over the continental shelf, four families (Scorpaenidae, Pleuronectidae, Gadidae, and Osmeridae) of potential com- mercial value contributed 81% of the larvae. In the offshore subdivision only one family (Scor- paenidae) of commercial importance contributed more than 1% , which made up 16% of the larvae; four other families (Pleuronectidae, Clupeidae, Bothidae, and Anoplopomatidae) also of com- mercial importance contributed an aggregate of 0.6% of the catch. The remaining larvae from the inshore and offshore subdivisions could be classed as forage fish. At other times of the year the proportion and distribution of com- mercially important fish could be expected to be somewhat different. RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF FISH LARVAE BY FAMILY Five families of fish contributed 88% of the total larvae, and it is worthwhile to point out some features of their distribution. Scorpaenidae Scorpaenids were the most abundant fish encountered during the survey, constituting 29% of the total larvae collected. Of these, 30% were collected in Puget Sound (15 stations), and the remaining 70% in the oceanic area (87 stations). Over 99% of the larvae in this group were Scbastes; the remaining fraction of a percent were Sebastolobus. No attempt was made to separate the Sebastes except for S. paiicisphtis, into specific groups, though it was clear that several species were present in the " Station 18 - Union Seamount, Station 23 - E.xplorer Seamount, Station 26 - Warwick Seamount, and Station 32 - Cobb Seamount. l--? o a -of o p .°1 o Z c as O ^ CO t^ oi -r m O! O int-;0!(Dp p— ;psD-r CO -H CO QO t^ LO C) -H d d d o c3 d d + d d + + + + + o o o o o t^-Tppco -H-HOOOIIO o^ppco ooooo ^^^^Q"?" io'1'co-^qp *t-tddc^' ddddd ddddd '^ — — — — OOCIOO lOOOwO «D T a> i^ o^ o o Ocviin-rco CO -n-csicD 00 CD -f -H -^ 1^ TT -H O CO CO (N -H 05co^-rco ^— i-H— .— . ^1 CO I -■ I I I in CO I 00 o inco|co| p— ;oi|| -^'-''>!-^| inco|c-io)— ■— '— ^^h] tri d oi codd d d -^ d do odd odd oo-t|cD| oioqoqil OQ0oo| oo|oooooo| d d d codiri oi oi d d d d d d d d d d — ' 05 t^ ooi ooooinooo ^cDo^o o^^-roo ^-H^oio ojcootco ^^^^o cc — ' o oq Ol CO '-' ^ (N CO -t CO t^ O lO 00 05 IN •!!■_ p p p p — ; »o cN oi ^ in — " o in oi •r o CO CO oi I I ^ - 11 + o o II I I I I II I I I I + os^co-^co pcopcviio ot- loco OOdcod'^ OOCOod'^OO (N-^ dco loco Oi ^^ ir> ^ Oi i>- Oi xco CO o in CO 00 .- oi (M in CO CO OI in CD -H -^ r~ -r o « 1 -r CM CD CO CO O 00 CO CO CO I I 9 I I I I I I 9 0 o 01 o CO (M ^ I -r 05 in !■- CO in r- t^ I o] 00 ci -f d — ' f» CO ^ (M t^ CD 0> d oi d d + I I 2 I I II I I I I d-^ii;:^ ii;:^ii ^Mii o + o o + CO CD 0> r- CTs CO iO 00 CD CD CO — ^ o-j -r t^ 05 T -t ^ -HOICO-riO CDl--00CT)O -roco'^ic cD-rooxr^ coh--t'r^a> CO"— iCTJooio OiOOfM'T'CD -TfM'CCDCD IC lO lO 't »C i-H .— ( = 9 I I >- I CD in CO OI CD o d 00 COOIOOCO COT I 9 I I I I o in o — o o o o CC-TOI — -^ -H-^-H ddddd d d d + + + + + + + OCD— 'OCJ3 CTSCDin-TCO ol-^^-^— ' in CO o] —I flT3 .z. ^ C O a. O - 3J i T3 « : M >^ S , O S < 3 OJ pa u u o O rt rt ^ ,^ -O TS "O « ■= 'S 'C oj £ c «J - £ -a 1 ^ ° « o ? « C S 3 ^ C 3j >; rt •£ o -o -^ . I I CO CO O) cc 00 CO 9 00 o d 00 CD aralepidida rgentinidai obiidae entrolophic lelamphida CO O II 2 P is ■5; D. a; > Oj o-O -0 cc -q 0- < O U 2 oa < ^ s 0 H"" ' — , in I I I 05 oq § ^ 05 CO 01 0 d 01 CO CD in 00 I I I o o 0 ro CO oq T CD t- r~ (N 01 o d o 00 CO O) I I I r- CO 0 -T 05 in § o a* in o < catch. Scorpaenid larvae ranged in size from 4.2 to 16.3 mm SL, witii the majority from 5 to 7 mm. The distribution of scorpaenid larvae was not uniform in either major area, with a range of 8 to 136 larvae per station in Puget Sound, and 0 to 542 in the oceanic area. Abundance seemed to be related to area, particularly in the oceanic region. In the oceanic area scorpaenid larvae were most abundant in waters over the continental shelf and upper continental slope (i.e., where depth of water was 914 m or less); 84% of the oceanic catch was collected in this region. The largest single catch (542 larvae) was made at a station near the Cobb Seamount where the water depth was about 250 m. At three oceanic sta- tions the catch exceeded 150 scorpaenid larvae, and bottom depth at these stations was less than 914 m. The average catch was only 9.4 scorpaenids at the remaining 84 oceanic stations. At 21 stations no scorpaenid larvae were caught. Pleuronectidae Flatfishes, the second most abundant family group, made up 18% ofthe total catch; 61% ofthe flatfishes were caught in Puget Sound and 39% in oceanic waters. In Puget Sound the most abundant larvae were Parophrys vetidus (58% ), Psettichthys melanostictus (16%), Platichthys stellatus (12%), and Lyopsetta e.vilis (12%). By contrast, in the oceanic area, one species (tenta- tively identified as Isopsetta isolepis) made up 70% ofthe pleuronectid larvae; Parophrys vetu- lus contributed 10%, Platichthys stellatus 7%, and Psettichthys melanostictus 6%. Larvae of Microstomus pacificus, commercially one ofthe most important flatfishes of the Pacific coast, accounted for only about 0.6% of the total pleuronectid larvae caught. Most pleuronectid larvae were from 5 to 9 mm SL with an extreme range of 4 to 16 mm. In general, larvae of Platichthys stellatus were the shortest and those of Glyptocephalus zachirus the longest. In the oceanic area almost the entire catch came from stations over the continental shelf in 55 m of water (96%). Only 0.1% ofthe catch came from waters beyond the continental slope. The average catch was 60 peluronectid larvae at the 55 m oceanic stations and 69 larvae per station within Puget Sound. Gadidae Larvae of the family Gadidae were the third most abundant group and constituted 17% ofthe total catch ; 96% of these were caught in Puget Sound. Larvae of Merluccius productus, the Pacific hake, were caught only in Puget Sound and occurred at 14 of the 15 stations in that area; 50% were caught at a single station in Port Susan. Hake larvae made up 59% of all gadids. Although positive identification was not made, it was felt that the remaining gadids were Theragra chalcogramma or Microgadus proximus, the walleye pollock, and Pacific tomcod, respectively. No gadids were collected beyond the continental slope in the ocean area. Gadid larvae ranged from 2.8 to 15.9 mm SL. Most hake were 5 to 6 mm in length and "other gadids" were 5 to 8 mm SL. Myctophidae The fourth most abundant group, the myc- tophids, were restricted entirely to the oceanic area where they were second in abundance. They had a somewhat more uniform pattern of distribution than either the scorpaenids or the pleuronectids. There were more zero catches of this family in the area over the continental shelf than over deeper water, and the largest catches were made in the southern portion of the survey area (from lat 45 °N south ward). There was a noticeable difference between day and night catches, as was expected. Equating day collections to those made between 0501 and 1900 hr and night collections to those between 1901 and 0500 hr (PST), 35% ofthe day collec- tions and 15% ofthe night collections contained no myctophids. All of the large catches (more than 75 larvae per station) were made at night. The mean catch for stations with catches of myctophids was 16 larvae per station for day- time catches and 30 per station for nighttime catches. The dominant species were Stenobrachius leucopsarus (78%), Tarletonbeania crenularis (10%), and Diaphus theta (8%). The size of myctophid larvae ranged from 2.7 to 18.8 mm SL, with the majority in the 5 to 10 mm range. The largest larvae were those of Tarletonbeania crejiularis. Some species seemed to have a distribution related to surface temperature. Lampanyctus ritteri and Diaplms theta were present only in the southern portion of the survey where the surface water was generally warmer than 9.0 °C; TarletO)ibea)iia creiiularis was most abundant where surface water was warmer than 8.0°C, whereas StenobmcluKS leucopsariis and Pro- to)uyct(iphum thompsoni (Electrona arctica in Clemens and Wilby, 1961) were found through- out the survey area in which surface water temperatures ranged from 5.8° to 10.9°C. Ammodytidae Sand lances, the fifth most abundant family of larvae, were most common in Puget Sound and occurred at 10 of 15 stations. Over one-half of the entire catch was taken at a single station in Hood Canal, and 76% of the catch was from Puget Sound. The remaining 24% was from the inshore oceanic area, distributed from the most northerly to the most southerly line of stations. The largest oceanic catches were made off Vancouver Island. Larval Ammodytidae were 4.5 to 40 mm SL, but most were in the range of 6 to 12 mm. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to extend special acknowledg- ments and thanks to Dr. E. H. Ahlstrom of the NMFS Southwest Fisheries Center at La Jolla, Calif., and to members of his staff — especially Dr. H. G. Moser, Mrs. Lois Hunter, Mrs. Eliza- beth Stevens, Mrs. Elaine Sandknop, and Miss Amelia Gomes for their aid in identifying specimens. W. E. Barraclough of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada at Nanaimo, British Columbia, aided in identifying some of the more northerly specimens, and Dr. Bruce Miller,'^ cooperative investigator at the NMFS North- west Fisheries Center at Seattle, provided specimens oi Hippoglossoides elassodo}i. LITERATURE CITED AHLSTROM, E.H. 1948. A record of pilchard eggs and larvae col- lected during- surveys made in 1939 to 1941. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Spec. Sci. Rep. .54, 76 p. 1952. Pilchard eggs and larvae and other fish larvae. Pacific Coast, 1950. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Spec. Sci.Rep. Fish.80, 58p. AHLSTROM, E. H., and R. C. COUNTS. 1955. Eggs and larvae of the Pacific hake, Merluc- proditctiis. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Fish .56:295-.329. cms Bull. ARON.W. 1960. The distribution of animals in the eastern North Pacific and its relationship to physical and chemical conditions. Univ. Wash., Dep.Oceanogr., Tech. Rep. 63, 65 p. text, 156 p. appended tables (pagination separate). CLEMENS, W. A., and G. V. WILBY. 1961. Fishes of the Pacific coast of Canada. 2d ed. Fish. Res. Board Can., Bull. 68, 443 p. GRINOLS, R. B., and M. F. TILLMAN. 1970. Importance of the worldwide hake, Merluc- cius resource. In Pacific hake, p. 1-21. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Circ. 332. LeBRASSEUR, R. 1970. Larval fish species collected in zooplankton samples from the northeastern Pacific Ocean 1956-1959. Fish. Res. Board Can., Tech. Rep. 175, 47 p. (Processed.) NELSON, M.O. 1970. Pacific hake fishery in Washington and Oregon coastal waters, lit Pacific hake, p. 43-52. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Circ. 332. NELSON, M.O., and H. A. LARKINS. 1970. Distribution and biology of Pacific hake: A synopsis. In Pacific hake, p. 23-33. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Circ. 332. U.S. NAVAL OCEANOGRAPHIC OFFICE. 1971. Bathymetric atlas of the northeastern Pacific Ocean. U.S. Naval Oceanogr. Office, Washington, D.C., H. O. Publ. 1303. ^ Dr. B. Miller's primary affiliation is with the Uni- versity of California at Davis. Appendix Table 1. — Station data for RV John N. Cobb, 10 April to 19 April 1967. Posit on Date Fish ng time Maximum depth of net (m) Displacement volume of catch (ml) Surface Time begin (PST) Duration (min) water Station Lat N Long W temperature CO 1 47°50' 122° 24' 10 Apr 1700 13 72 137 9.0 2 48 06 122 22 10 Apr 1920 12 81 174 8.8 3 48 07 122 31 10 Apr 2057 12 77 278 9.0 4 51 00 128 41 12 Apr 1023 9 41 235 8.0 5 51 00 129 07 L2 Apr 1241 12 88 292 8.0 6 51 00 129 19 12 Apr 1405 16 173 340 8.5 7 51 00 129 36 L2 Apr 1615 16)4 264 107 8.0 8 50 00 127 34 13 Apr 0336 10 41 127 8.5 9 50 00 127 43 13 Apr 0440 13 90 125 8.2 10 50 00 127 46 3 Apr 0506 16 164 208 8.2 11 50 00 127 51 3 Apr 0555 18 268 89 9.0 12 49 00 126 58 3 Apr 1329 18 212 135 9.1 13 49 00 126 35 3 Apr 1541 15 161 357 9.1 14 49 00 126 17 3 Apr 1715 12 101 212 8.9 15 49 00 126 03 3 Apr 1830 10 34 312 8.9 16 48 00 125 43 4 Apr 0126 22 200 274 9.0 17 48 00 125 19 4 Apr 0451 15 147 126 9.0 18 48 00 125 02 4 Apr 0536 12 90 99 9.0 19 48 00 124 50 5 Apr 0140 10 40 125 9.0 20 47 00 125 04 5 Apr 0849 22 230 120 9.3 21 47 00 124 58 5 Apr 0945 17 171 98 9.9 22 47 00 124 42 5 Apr 1124 13)4 101 170 9.9 23 47 00 124 24 5 Apr 1304 11 32 230 9.9 24 46 00 124 58 5 Apr 2018 22)4 236 151 9.5 25 46 00 124 39 5 Apr 2212 16)4 180 129 9.0 26 46 00 124 04 7 Apr 0436 11)4 38 304 9.5 27 46 00 124 18 7 Apr 0600 13 100 105 9.2 28 45 00 124 57 7 Apr 1342 22 212 142 10.0 29 45 00 124 21 7 Apr 1658 19 176 85 10.0 30 45 00 124 12 7 Apr 1805 14 113 190 10.0 31 45 00 124 05 7 Apr 1900 10 36 156 10.0 32 44 00 125 00 8 Apr 0228 26 232 88 10.0 33 44 00 124 56 8 Apr 0325 17)4 180 610 10.0 34 44 00 124 43 8 Apr 0450 13 101 67 10.0 35 44 00 124 13 8 Apr 0725 9 50 110 9.9 36 43 00 124 58 8 Apr 1444 20)4 232 119 10.7 37 43 00 124 51 8 Apr 1544 15)4 176 109 10.7 38 43 00 124 40 8 Apr 1703 12 100 69 10.7 39 43 00 124 31 8 Apr 1756 9)4 51 192 10.5 40 42 00 124 50 9 Apr 0030 20 204 137 10.9 41 42 00 124 36 9 Apr 0218 17 154 139 10.0 42 42 00 124 31 9 Apr 0305 11 96 171 10.0 43 42 00 124 22 L9 Apr 0405 10 48 122 10.0 Appendix Table 2.— Station data for RV George B. Kelez. 20 April to U May 1967. Positi ion Date Fishi ing time Maximum depth of net (m) Displacement volume of catch (ml) Surface water temperature (°C) Time begin (PST) Duration (min) Surface salinity (7rni) Station Lat N Long W 1 47° 36' 122°22' 20 Apr 1115 10 153 41 8.6 27.51 2 47 26 122 31 20 Apr 1258 13 129 118 8.6 28.86 3 47 10 122 39 20 Apr 1514 13 102 77 8.6 27.85 4 47 13 122 50.3 20 Apr 1647 6 29 157 8.7 27.85 5 47 17 122 43 21 Apr 0646 8 65 77 9.1 28.14 6 47 25 122 23 21 Apr 0930 10 175 39 9.3 28.63 7 47 40 122 47 2 1 Apr 15 13 n 78 143 10.1 26.54 8 47 24 123 07 21 Apr 17,55 10 61 197 11.0 18.70 9 48 12 122 49 22 Apr 0950 7 27 59 8.4 30.32 10 48 39 122 40 22 Apr 1245 7 41 41 8.9 29.80 11 48 53 123 01 22 Apr 1454 13 112 150 9.1 28.63 12 51 00 131 22 24 Apr 01.30 24 276 520 8.2 31.76 13 51 00 132 57 24 Apr 0808 23 252 2,412 7.2 32.28 14 51 00 134 29 24 Apr 1510 19 255 456 6.6 .32 ..36 15 51 00 136 32 25 Apr 0000 26 316 309 5.8 .32.59 16 50 00 134 30 25 Apr 0958 25 194 492 6.4 32.55 17 50 00 133 00 25 Apr 1600 28 272 681 7.2 32.39 18 49 36 1.32 47 25 Apr 1920 24 214 1,320 7.0 32.35 19 50 00 131 26 26 Apr 0155 20 211 750 7.4 32.48 20 50 03 130 00 26 Apr 1015 19 175 862 7.8 32.34 21 49 00 128 38 28 Apr 0702 19 246 447 8.2 32.38 22 49 00 130 09 28 Apr 1445 25 224 510 8.7 .32.13 23 49 04 131 00 28 Apr 1900 23 272 793 8.3 .32.48 24 49 00 131 39 28 Apr 2215 22 250 523 7.2 32.39 25 49 00 133 10 29 Apr 0442 21 262 606 7.2 32.56 26 48 03 132 45 29 Apr 1043 20 206 370 7.3 .32.57 27 48 00 131 43 29 Apr 1508 25 246 559 7.7 32.50 28 47 00 1.32 27 29 Apr 2204 21 252 521 7.6 .32.55 29 46 00 132 12 30 Apr 0410 19 228 583 7.8 .32.66 30 46 00 1.30 45 30 Apr 1008 00 264 370 8.5 32.69 31 46 00 1.30 24 30 Apr 1215 22 226 642 7.9 32.62 32 46 42 130 45 30 Apr 1705 22 252 .347 7.9 .32.56 33 47 00 130 .58 30 Apr 1934 23 242 413 8.0 .32.54 34 48 00 1.30 13 IMay 02,35 23 267 900 8.1 .32.36 35 48 00 128 44 1 May 1120 21 226 259 8.7 32.43 36 48 00 127 14 IMav 1658 21 218 461 9.2 .32.31 37 47 00 128 00 1 May 2358 20 242 473 8.6 ,32.51 38 47 00 129 29 2 May 0633 23 262 986 8.5 ,32.48 39 46 00 129 19 2 May 12.37 24 242 730 9.2 ,32.56 40 46 00 127 52 2 May 1855 21 228 .328 9.5 32.56 41 42 46°00' 45 00 126''25' 127 27 3 May 5 May 0104 1705 23 20 255 242 192 111 9.6 10.3 32.49 .32.53 43 45 00 127 54 5 May 2350 23 255 191 9.7 .32.53 44 45 00 129 19 6 May 1000 Aborted haul 45 45 00 129 19 6 May 1300 20 232 284 9.6 32.62 10 Appendix Table 2.— Station data for RV George B. Kelez. 20 April to 11 May 1967.— Cont. Posi ition Date Fishi ing time Maximum depth of net (m) Displacement volume of catch (ml) Surface water temperature Vc) Time begin (PST) Duration (min) Surface salinity C'/oo) Station Lai : N Long , w 46 45 00 130 44 6 May 2245 20 257 548 9.0 32.63 47 45 00 132 10 7 May 0650 22 252 674 9.2 32.71 48 44 00 131 55 7 May 1303 24 242 465 9.6 32.67 49 43 00 131 49 7 May 1911 22 226 310 10.0 32.76 50 42 00 131 42 8 May 0130 23 248 140 9.6 32.73 51 42 00 130 19 8 May 0800 23 255 174 10.7 32.84 52 43 00 130 26 8 May 1426 20 240 284 10.3 32.68 53 43 00 129 04 8 May 2057 18 242 275 10.1 32.67 54 42 00 128 57 9 May 0255 19 259 97 9.9 32.72 55 42 00 127 35 9 May 0918 18 214 114 10.3 32.80 56 43 00 127 42 9 May 1548 18 232 145 10.5 32.73 57 44 00 127 46 9 May 2256 24 199 211 9.8 32.52 58 44 00 129 09 10 May 0638 20 257 229 9.5 32.63 59 44 00 130 11 10 May 1210 20 214 256 9.2 32.64 60 47 00 126 32 1 1 May 1023 22 252 286 10.3 32.49 11 Appendix Table 3. — Numbers offish larvae 1-6701- K-6703- 1 a 3 1 2 3 k 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Total PS 1-6701- U 5 6 7 K-6703-12 13 lit 15 1-6701- 8 9 10 11 -16 17 19 20 1-6701-12 13 lU 15 K-6703-18 21 22 23 Sk 25 1-6701-16 17 18 19 K-6703-26 27 K-6703-3'' 35 36 1-6701-20 21 22 23 K-6703-28 33 37 38 60 1-6701 -2U 25 26 27 K-6703-29 30 31 32 39 ko Ul FS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS 1*55 675 136 121I 158 310 271 279 371* 373 300 khk 85 251* k 11 1 91 1 1 '1238 116~ 5 1 1*2 299 9 0 12 36 - 236 3 68 37 61 6 11 10 2 7 29 9 71 16 h 3 6 lU 3 71 Itl 2 166 1 10 21 3 27 T 33 27 k 96 - lU 5 '•7 7 51 18 19 211 21 30 33 7'' 555 131 76 1.2 15 lt50 26 3l» 20 22 8 15 108 152 1.0 1 2 23 12 31 68 86 11 5 - 2U 19 - 32 - 6k - 26 - 31 - 25 - 107 h go - 88 - 38 - 136 I. 786 h 297 5 1 1 15^ 57 11 56 2 u 3 26 6 36 12 1 2 5 5 1 1.5 35 1 2 2 23 21 2 15 5 8 1 17 1 li U6 51*2 77 18 17 K-6703 ^ 51 51 51 51 51 51 51 51 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 1*9 1*9 1*9 1*9 1*9 1*9 1*9 1*9 U9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1*8 1.8 1.8 1*8 1*8 1.8 1*8 1.7 1*7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1*7 1.7 U6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 U6 U6 1.6 13 31. 1 6 2 16 2 5 11 ^ 2 2 6 2 12 3 31 2 Uo 13 22 26 23 12 52 50 23 8 29 1 5 11 3 23 2 2 6 2 10 3 23 37 11 15 16 13 8 38 1.5 21 10 3 lU 5 S 12 collected during April and May 1967. 1-6T01- 1 2 3 K-6703- 1 £ 3 It 5 6 T 8 9 10 11 - 1S9 - 7 - 11 - 5 3 1 2 - 3 2 3 10 1 1 19 21*2 U 7 5 16 6 iio itsT" 92 30 28 20 85 IU6 168 81 15 l6lt 35 5 h 961 _ 3 It - 80 1 3 19 - 8 - 79 - 2 82 - - 9 - 18 - 3 29 - - 2 - 2U 1 - 7 - - 3 - 13 - U 12 _ _ 15 - 't3 12 - 13 39 1 - 2 5lt U - 85 76 3 - 26 - 129 1 9 55 - 6 13 - 55 u 3 't5 _ _ Q 1 3 2 1 1 - 2lt . 38 88 - 23 1 - - u 23 5 3 k - 2 - 2 1 - 7 - - 1 3 - - 1 5 11 120 562 120 - 150 37fe 23 13 1-6701- It 5 6 7 K-6703-12 13 lit 15 1-6701- 9 - 10 10 11 K-6703-16 17 19 20 -12 13 lit 15 -18 21 22 23 2lt 25 1-6701-16 17 18 19 26 1-6701- K-6703- K-6703- K-6703- 2 1 3I' 3 60 6 1 13 1 1 1 2 2 1 18 2 1 9 2 3 1 lU llU 27 -3"* 35 36 1-6701-20 21 22 23 K-6703-28 33 37 38 60 l-2lt 25 26 27 -29 30 31 32 39 Ito Itl 1-6701- K-6703- 1 81 1 28 1 - 3 13 1 2U 167 13 1 1 153 8 7 5 13 Appendix Table 3. — Numbers offish larvae y- ta O u C fe a) +J EL c ■a >) >, dJ V -p o c « s .2 f ^ E ;s o W .. M- 3 O & -P o OJ < 1-6701-28 S9 30 31 K-6703-U2 h3 1*5 h6 UT 1-6T01-32 33 31* 35 K-6703-lt8 57 58 59 1-6701-36 37 38 39 K-6703-l»9 52 53 56 1-6701-1*0 Ul 1.2 1*3 K-6703-50 51 51* 55 1*5 1*5 1*5 1*5 1<5 1*5 1*5 1*5 1.5 1*1* 1*1* 1*1* 1.1* 1.1* kk 1*1* Ul* 1.3 1*3 1.3 1*3 1*3 1.3 1*3 1*3 1*2 1*2 1*2 1*2 1.2 1*2 1*2 1*2 21 -..-..---- 11 2--9-----q- 1 ----------- - - 1 . S - - - - _-----.---- 160 - 1 --------------- 16 - - 3 7 10--3-------7--ll*2------ 110 i.ll--l---Q7 12-qol*----l8- 55--U----1-1U8 2--39 7--1--- 7I* - - 3 66 - - 1 63 2 - - - - 1* - 17--2------2 11---83----1- 26 ---------- 3 - - - 3 ----- 15 - 60 - - 1 ------- 1 - - - 1 ----- 58 - 17 --.----.-- 1 - - - 1 ----- 15 - 113--.-------2---2--7--11 1.2 - - 10 ----- 1 - 23 - 2 - 12 9 - - - - 2 - 125 - - 1* ------ 1 IQl* - 1 1 97 5 - - - - 16 - l*2--32---l-2 3l*---30lt------ 21--9----1-28-1-52----1- 2---------------------- I*-- 1.--1--1--2- 19 -------------------- 10 2 60 --1* 1-52 11- 1*6 1* 70--6----a-3 56 31-'*6 6------ 77--51----l-63 11-57lt----6- 17 - - 3 ------- l"* - - - 13 1 ----- - 91 --16 --!---- 1*7 222 32 9---- 17- 11.-1-------1-1-------1*! 69 - 37 -------- 2 - - - 2 - - 3 - - 10 1 18I* - - 9 ----- 1* 1 166 83 7 1* 67 5 - - 2 - - - 5l.--l*-----22l6Ql*-3 -- 103--lt2---l-1928--8olt----2- 66 - - 5 1 ------ 60 8 3 1 1*3 5 ----- - Oceanic total: Grand total Puget Sd. 8t Oceanic 1*577 5 61* 113 23 21 11*1*7 122 26 32 1121* 11,2 55 3 1 179I* 8815 121 65 113 23 21 11*1.7 122 26 32 II2I* 11*2 803 631 5 2580 13 13 1/ Area: PS - Puget Sound and adjacent waters. NuBfter, e.g. 51, is latitude north, and indicates that the sample was collected on or north of that latitude. 14 collected during April and May 1967. — Cont. <\ ►J 1-6701-28 - ----1- -- ..- 29 - ....--------------- 30- -.2--------------- 31 . . 1 8 - 1 ------ 123 - - 1 - 91* - - 18 8 - 2 K-6703-l*2 - ------------------- ---- 1*3 - ---------- - - - .... 1,5 . ..........-...----- - - - - k6 - - . - - 1 ........ . .... 1*7 - ....----------- - 1 1-6701-32 - - 8 33 - ------------- - . - - 31. - - 1 . - - 35 . .. 2 .... 2 - - - 98 - - 1 - 36 - 1 31 19 - 7 K-6703-'*8 - ....--------------- .--- 6 5T - ------------ - - - - - - 58 - -.-------------- 59- ----- .... 1-6701-36 - ..1....----3----3-- ---- 37 - - - - 1 - 1 38 39. ...1...U..-I------I .... 1 K.6703-lt9 - --2 1 52- --------2 1 53 . ......-.----------- - - - - 1 56 ----------- - - - - 1.6701-1*0 - .---1--2 .... 7 Ul . .... 1,2. 1....1.. ..--------- ..-- 2 U3. .2l*.l--6---2------- -.-1 1 K-6703-50 - -- ---- 2 51 - --------------- - 30 5l» ----- - - .-..-- 1 55 - ..-..--..------- : : : : : : : -_ Oceanic total: 12 22 8 36 3 28 138 10 37 ^ 1 1 626 5 i* 10 1 U36 1 1* 60 1*6 1 37 9'* Grand total ll* 22 10 59 9 68 569 10 50 It 1 2 1587 5 i* 10 6 ltlt7 121 k 622 166 1 187 '»70 Puget Sd. & Oceanic 15 Appendix Table 4. — Factors for converting actual catches to standardized units. Standard Haul Factor (SHF) (A) converts to catch per 10 cubic meters of water strained per meter of depth fished. Standard Haul Factor (B) converts to catch per 1,000 cubic meters of water strained. Station SHF (A) SHF (B) Station SHF (A) SHF (B) Static SHF (A) SHF (B) RV John N. Cobb 1 1.68 2.33 16 2.63 1.31 31 1.45 4.03 2 2.09 2.58 17 3.34 2.27 32 3.10 1.34 3 2.25 2.92 18 2.10 2.34 33 3,32 1.84 4 1.38 3.37 19 1.20 3.00 34 2.69 2.66 5 1.24 1.41 20 3.51 1.53 35 2.13 4.27 6 3.09 1.78 21 3.26 1.91 36 4.21 1.82 7 4.76 1.80 22 2.48 2.46 37 3.97 2.25 8 1.56 3.81 23 0.75 2.33 38 2.74 2.74 9 2.19 2.43 24 3.52 1.49 39 1.98 3.89 10 3.25 1.98 25 3.06 1.70 40 4.12 2.02 11 26 1.12 2.94 41 3.25 2.11 12 3.97 1.87 27 2.48 2.48 42 2.21 2.30 1.3 3.25 2.02 28 3.72 1.76 43 2.53 5.28 14 2.63 2.60 29 3.06 1.74 15 0.99 2.90 30 2.60 2.30 RV George B. Kelez 1 3.71 2.43 21 4.06 1.65 41 4.72 1.85 2 4.31 3.34 22 3.26 1.45 42 4.59 1.90 3 2.26 2.21 23 4.19 1.54 43 4.70 1.84 4 2.02 6.96 24 4.55 1.82 44 — — 5 2.98 4.58 25 5.62 2.15 45 5.16 2.22 6 4.86 2.78 26 3.94 1.91 46 5.19 2.02 7 3..39 4.34 27 4.01 1.63 47 4.33 1.72 8 1.85 3.03 28 4.60 1.82 48 3.63 1.50 9 1.00 3.70 29 4.84 2.12 49 4.06 1.80 10 2.25 5.48 30 5.09 1.93 50 4.45 1.79 11 2.48 2.22 31 4.02 1.78 51 3.54 1.39 12 4.97 1.80 32 5.05 2.00 52 4.63 1.93 13 4.32 1.71 33 4.31 1.78 53 5.30 2.19 14 4.34 1.70 34 4.58 1.71 54 5.32 2.05 15 6.16 1.95 35 3.90 1.73 55 4.31 2.01 16 _ _ 36 4.18 1.92 56 4.34 1.86 17 5.61 2.06 37 5.68 2.35 57 2.65 1.33 18 3,85 1.80 38 4.66 1.78 58 4.47 1.74 19 3.84 1.82 39 3.54 1.46 59 3.98 1.86 20 3.34 1.91 40 4.15 1.82 60 4.29 1.70 ^GPO 796-298 16 MBL WHUI I lOtarv 5 WHSE 01842 621. Predation by sculpins on fall chinook salmon, Oncorhynclius tshawjftsclia, fry of hatchery or- igin. By Benjamin G. Patten. February 1971, iii + 14 pp., 6 figs., 9 tables. 622. Number and lengths, by season, of fishes caught with an otter trawl near Woods Hole, Massa- chusetts, September 1961 to December 1962. By F. E. Lux and F. E. Nichy. February 1971, iii + 15 pp., 3 figs., 19 tables. 623. Apparent abundance, distribution, and migra- tions of albacore, Th minus alalunga, on the North Pacific longline grounds. By Brian J. Rothschild and Marian Y. Y. Yong. September 1970, v -|- 37 pp., 19 figs., 5 tables. 624. Influence of mechanical processing on the quality and yield of bay scallop meats. By N. B. Webb and F. B. Thomas. April 1971, iii + 11 pp., 9 figs., 3 tables. 625. Distribution of salmon and related oceanographic features in the North Pacific Ocean, spring 1968. By Robert R. French, Richard G. Bakkala, Ma- sanao Osako, and Jun Ito. March 1971, iii -|- 22 pp., 19 figs., 3 tables. 626. Commercial fishery and biology of the fresh- water shrimp, Macrobrachium, in the Lower St. Paul River, Liberia, 1952-53. By George C. Mil- ler. February 1971, iii -|- 13 pp., 8 figs., 7 tables. 627. Calico scallops of the Southeastern United States, 1959-69. By Robert Cummins, Jr. June 1971, iii + 22 pp., 23 figs., 3 tables. 628. Pur Seal Investigations, 1969. By NMFS, Ma- rine Mamma! Biological Laboratory. August 1971, 82 pp., 20 figs., 44 tables, 23 appendix A tables, 10 appendix B tables. 629. Analysis of the operations of seven Hawaiian skipjack tuna fishing vessels, June-August 1967. By Richard N. Uchida and Ray F. Sumida. March 1971, v -\- 25 pp., 14 figs., 21 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Oflice, Washington, D.C. 20402 - 35 cents. 630. Blue crab meat. I. Preservation by freezing. July 1971, iii + 13 pp., 5 figs., 2 tables. II. EflFect of chemical treatments on acceptability. By Jurgen H. Strasser, Jean S. Lennon, and Fred- erick J. King. July 1971, iii + 12 pp., 1 fig., 9 tables. 631. Occurrence of thiaminase in some common aquat- ic animals of the United States and Canada. By R. A. Greig and R. H. Gnaedinger. July 1971, iii + 7 pp., 2 tables. 632. An annotated bibliography of attempts to rear the larvae of marine fishes in the laboratory. By Robert C. May. August 1971, iii + 24 pp., 1 ap- pendix I table, 1 appendix II table. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Govern- ment Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 - 35 cents. 633. Blueing of processed crab meat. II. Identification of some factors involved in the blue discoloration of canned crab meat Callinectes sapidiis. Bv Melvin E. Waters. May 1971, iii + 7 pp., 1 fig., 3 tables. 634. Age composition, weight, length, and sex of her- ring, Clujjea jjallasii, used for reduction in Alas- ka, 1929-66. By Gerald M. Reid. July 1971, iii -f 25 pp., 4 figs., 18 tables. 635. A bibliography of the blackfin tuna, Tlmnvus athniticHS (Lesson). By Grant L. Beardsley and David C. Simmons. August 1971, 10 pp. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Goverhment Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 - 25 cents. 636. Oil pollution on Wake Island from the tanker R. C. Stoner. By Reginald M. Gooding. May 1971, iii -I- 12 pp., 8 figs., 2 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Govern- ment Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 25 cents. 637. Occurrence of larval, juvenile, and mature crabs in the vicinity of Beaufort Inlet, North Carolina. By Donnie L. Dudley and Mayo H. Judy. August 1971, iii + 10 pp., 1 fig., 5 "tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Govern- ment Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 25 cents. 638. Length-weight relations of haddock from com- mercial landings in New England, 1931-55. By Bradford E. Brown and Richard C. Hennemuth. August 1971, V 4- 13 pp., 16 fig., 6 tables, 10 appendix A tables. For sale by the Superintend- ent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 25 cents. 639. A hydrographic survey of the Galveston Bay system, Texas 1963-66. By E. J. Pullen, W. L. Trent, and G. B. Adams. October 1971, v -|- 13 pp., 15 figs., 12 tables. For sale by the Super- intendent of Documents, U.S. Government Print- ing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 30 cents. 640. Annotated bibliography on the fishing industry and biology of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus. By Marlin E. Tagatz and .\nn Bowman Hall. August 1971, 94 pp. For sale by the Superinten- dent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price $1.00. 641. Use of threadfin shad, Dorosoma petenense, as live bait during experimental pole-and-line fish- ing for skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus peUimis, in Hawaii. By Robert T. B. Iversen. August 1971, iii -|- 10 pp., 3 figs., 7 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 25 cents. 642. Atlantic menhaden Brevoortia tyranyius resource and fishery — analvsis of decline. By Kenneth A. Henry. August 1971, v -f 32 pp., 40 figs., 5 appendix figs., 3 tables, 2 appendix tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 45 cents. 646. Dissolved nitrogen concentrations in the Colum- bia and Snake Rivers in 1970 and their effect on chinook salmon and steelhead trout. By Weslev J. Ebel. August 1971. iii + 7 pp., 2 fig.s., 6 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Doc- uments, U.S. Government Printing Office, Wash- ington, D.C. 20402 - Price 20 cents. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NATIONAL OCEANIC & ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS STAFF BLDG. 67. 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