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Me jy Ste bee evn Witt Uinta Ww ey cess ‘ 1) "Wy ae ie “Ne bar “ Wwe Sole r B, wi Wee, cae | el ¢ vy abt | Te TUM LL UU iunaresisscsc’ x) Laer LUN OTST se gute yg Fa iat wn we'd LU a ~ Lyre 4 * am . Aty ‘e | Voig Moy 3 * ‘ rye a egy . of ~ g oo i 4 Mee evee ti gt OL Pr aE AL beh y ewe" TMS TPL Seman, ae Vy Y , Tie | Giuy vv nner’ Va “¥ we vat ® yee Wy a .« See ee weit Mig io uneentuty! Yoo ' +. pub, vod! "uy Ld i 1p yl THit fen, x —_~ wo a : 4 Mi A We ul Cen WE dyes i ze th My ee From the ANNALS AND MaGazinn or Natura History, Ser. 8, Vol. v., Janwary 1910. Notes on Crustacea found in the Gizzard of a Deep-sea Cephalopod. By Tuomas Scorr, LL.D., F.L.S. [Plates II. & I1.] Dr. W. E. Hovzze, the well-known authority on the Cepha- lopoda, when exarining one of these organisms captured in deep water in the South Atlantic, discovered in its gizzard a number of fragments and one or two moderately whole specimens of small crustageans, on which apparently the creature had been feeding some time before it was captured, he crustacean remains comprised several species, and included representatives of the Isopoda, the Amphipoda, and the Copepoda. Very few of them, however, were sufficiently perfect for identification, and one of these is a rather inter- esting species belonging to the Oopepoda. baa L am indebted to the Rev. T. R. R. Stebbing for the privi- lege of overhauling this somewhat curious collection, and also to my son Mr. Andrew Scott for the drawings which illustrate this paper and for assistance otherwise. T have on several occasions found interesting Crustacea, not only minute Copepods, but tolerably big crabs, such as Hyas, Pagurus, Geryon triden, and full-grown Norway lobsters, in the stomachs of fishes, and in one case no fewer than fifty-four pairs of cuttlefish jaws were obtained in the stomach of a king-fish, Lampris luna*, but I think this is the first time I have had the opportunity of examining a carcinological collection obtained in the stomach of a Cephalopod. The Cephalopod referred to—Stauroteuthis hippocrepium, Hoyle t, was captured at a depth of 2425 fathoms in lat. _ * See Twenty-first Report F ishery Board for Scotland, pt. ui. p. 219 Cae a photograph of the jaws). | + See Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. vol. xlii, no. 1, pp. 1-77 (with 12-plates): 52 Dr. T. Scott on Crustacea found in the 66° 40’ S., long. 40° 35’ W., on March 10th, 1908. The contents of the gizzard of this Cephalopod, as stated above, consisted for the most part of fragments representing different species of Crustacea. Those belonging to the Isopoda and the Amphipoda have been examined by the Rev. Mr. Steb- bing ; he has sent me the following notes on the various forms, and has kindly permitted me to incorporate his notes here. I gladly avail myself of this permission, for the infor- mation they give appears to include all that can be satis- factorily made out concerning these forms. His notes are as follow :— 1. The Isopoda. (1) “Fragments of a very spiny specimen which has uropods like those of Beddard’s Trichopleon ramulosum, peduncle long, rami long, inner ramus with short second joint, telson produced to a rather long point. Beddard’s Eurycope spinosa was without pleon, and therefore remains indetinite.” Trichopleon ramulosum, Beddard, was described from speci- mens from the Philippines. (2) “ Another species may belong to J/yarachna, Sars, or perhaps rather to Echinozone, Sars.” (3) “A small nearly perfect specimen seems near to Nannoniscus, Sars. The masculine appendage of the second pleopods ends in a broad oval expansion. ‘Lhe operculum is not abnormal as in N. oblongus, Sars, but is as in his Caspian species N. caspius.” 2. The Amphipoda. (4) ‘An Amphipod wanting the pleon.” Neither the genus nor species of this could be satistactorily determined. (5) “ Another Amphipod without the pleon, this being Andantotes corpulentus (G. M. Thomson).” Andaniotes corpulentus was described from specimens collected in the South Pacific. 3. The Copepoda. The Copepoda comprised an (ithona rather immature and scarcely perfect enough to be determined; a male Euterpe acutifrons ; another form too imperfect for identifica- tion; and one or two tolerably perfect specimens of Ponto- stratiotes abyssicola, G. S. Brady. ‘The following short description of the Pontostratiotes is culled from that by Gizzard of a Deep-sea Cephalopod. 53 Dr. Brady in his Report on the Copepoda of the ‘ Challenger’ Expedition, supplemented by a careful examination of the specimens from the stomach of the Stauroteuthis. Family Pontostratiotide, A. Scott *. Genus Pontosrratiotes, G. S. Brady. Pontostratiotes abyssicola, G. 8. Brady. (Pls IL: &- Ti) 1888. Pontostratiotes abyssicola, Brady, Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. ‘ Challenger,’ Zool. vol. viii. p. 105, pl. xliv. Description.—Anterior antenne tolerably elongate, slender, and composed of eight joints; the first three are moderately elongated, but the second and third are each rather shorter than the joint that precedes it ; the upper distal angle of the second joint is produced into a strong forwardly-projecting tooth ; the remaining joints are small, but the fourth from the end is rather longer than the others. Posterior antenna slender, two-branched ; inner ramus elongated, outer short and four-jointed. Mandibles stout, armed with strong teeth and provided with a large two-branched palp. Maxille stout and furnished with several spiniform marginal bristles and long, rather slender set. First maxillipeds moderately elongate, stout, and bearing several setiferous processes on the inner aspect. Second maxillipeds smaller and composed of four joints, first joint considerably longer than the combined lengths of the other three, end-joints small, no terminal claw. The first four pairs of thoracic legs with both rami three- jointed, outer and inner rami of about equal length ; both rami of the first pair rather shorter than in the other three pairs, and an elongated spiniform seta springs from the inner angle of the second basal joint, and extends to near the end of the inner ramus. The fifth pair consist each of a single, elongated, narrow, two-jointed branch, end-joint about five times longer than broad and provided with several long spiniform marginal and terminal sete. Caudal rami, which are somewhat abnormal and resemble those of Myisthus, Giesbrecht, are extremely long and slender and close together, and assume a setiform appearance. The carapace is armed with several long and strong toothed spines, which are directed backwards. | * This family was instituted for Pontostratiotes and the nearly related genus Aigisthus, Giesbrecht : see Report on the Copepoda of the ‘ Siboga’ Exped., by A. Scott, p, 232 (1909). 54 On Crustacea found in a Deep-sea Cephalopod. Length of the specimens scarcely 2 mm. Pontostratiotes (the sea-soldier) appears to bea true bottom form ; it was discovered by Dr. Brady amongst some mud brought up from a depth of over 2000 fathoms. Dr. Brady, in his remarks on this Harpactid, says :—‘‘ This wonderful species was found—but unfortunately one specimen only, and that in a dried state—amongst material taken in the tow-net at a depth of 2200 fathoms in lat. 37° 29'S., long. 27° 31! W. This single specimen was apparently much shrunk and dis- torted, owing to its having been dried amongst the mud in which it was taken, and on this account many of the details of structure have been very imperfectly made out. The tail-seta, for instance, and the minor details of the mouth-organs were partly indistinguishable, the limbs much matted together, and the natural contours doubtless in other parts much altered.” Notwithstanding that Dr. Brady had only one specimen, and that not in the best condition, his description is remarkably full and in accord with the specimens from the gizzard of the Stauwroteuthis, and it is only because these specimens enable me, with my son’s assistance, to supply some missing parts that I have ventured to supplement Dr. Brady’s excellent description. This curious species does not appear to have been met with since Dr. Brady’s discovery of it in the ‘ Challenger’ collec- tions till now, and it is owing to Dr. Hoyle’s interest in other departments of natural history besides his own that we are indebted for the opportunity of examining these specimens from a widely different locality from that where the species was first discovered. EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. Puate II. Pontostratictes abyssicola, Brady, 9. Fig. 1. Antennule, x 50. 2. Second maxilliped, x 102. 3. Foot of first pair of thoracic legs, x 76. 4. Foot of second pair, x 72. 5. Second thoracic segment, x 50. 6. Third thoracic segment, x 50. 7. Fourth thoracic segment, X 50. 8, Caudal rami, ez, PuatTeE III. Pontostratiotes abyssicola, Brady, 9. Fig. 1. Antenna, x 88. 2. Mandible and palp, x 103. 3. Maxilla, x 108. 4. Second maxilliped, x 103. 5. Foot of third pair -of thoracic legs, x 72. 6. uot of fourth pair, x 72. 7, Foot of fifth pair, x 108. ug. Nat.Hist.8.8.Vol.V. PUI. o - Hi OA f S/ z YE J SN { J.Green hth. ‘A. Scott del. \ . Ann.& Mag. Nat.Hist.S.8.Volb.V. PU HE Kh AY \ WY Jd.Green lith. A. Scott del. he eek ih “a Mi Wy yaethhe, a AP S4aae ; a ebh bh TEE pe Coleen Aa pan AT | regal | amaphp nn heeteat MANY ey fa rT i in’ al panhae eh he panne ay | . a a @ ° x 6s c 4 " one r R. c Tie paalesees (RAign. 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