ISSN 0085-4417 NUYTSIA Bulletin of the Western Australian Herbarium Vol. 1 No. 4 1974 Department of Agriculture of Western Australia ISSN 0085-4417 NUYTSIA Bulletin of the Western Australian Herbarium Vol. 1 No. 4 1974 Department of Agriculture of Western Australia 19787 — ( 1 ) Nigromnia, a new genus of Goodeniaceae By R. C. Carolin* Abstract Nigromnia globosa Carolin, gen. et sp. nov., is described and discussed. Allied to Scaevoia sens, str., it is distinguished by an indumentum of simple hairs, yellow flowers arranged in dense clusters, and an ovary containing a single ovule. It is endemic in the Geraldton region of Western Australia. Nigromnia Carolin gen. nov. Suffrutices ramosi compacti. Caules tomentosi pilis simplicibus. Folia tomentosa Flores in fasciculis globosis villosis dispositi. Corolla flava palmata lobis aequalis. Stamina epigynia antheris liberis. Ovarium inferius iino loculo unoque ovulo. Fructus desiccatus indehiscens. Semina ellipsoidea testa chartacea. Embryo teres. Branched, compact shrubs. Stems tornentose-pubescent with mostly simple hairs. Leaves tomentose, entire, petiolate, obtuse. Flowers arranged in globose clusters in the axils of the upper leaves. Bracts densely villous on the inside, oblanceolate to obovate. Bracteoles villous towards the apex and somewhat broader than the bracts, both bracts and bracteoles shorter than the flowers. Corolla yellow, palmate without an anterior pouch, the lobes equal. Stamens epigynous, the anthers free. Ovary inferior, 1 -locular with 1 ovule, glabrous or nearly so: style curved below the broad-deltoid indusium. Fruit a dry, indehiscent, inferior, nut crowned by the persistent calyx rim with a single, ellipsoid, scarcely compressed seed surrounded by a chartaceous testa and containing a rt terete embryo. Holotype: N. globosa sp. nov., the only species known to date. Nigromnia globosa Carolin sp. nov. Sujfrutex ad 60 cm altus. Cattles tomentosi pilis albis vel cinereis. Folia obovata vej elliptica 3-6 cm longa I -5-3 cm lata petiolata tomentosa Integra obtusa. Flores in fasci_ culis compactis villosis dispositi. Bracteae obovatae vel oblanceolatae 2 mm longae. Brae teolae obovatae 2 mm longae. Sepala fere obsoleta. Corolla flava palmata 2 • 5-3 mm longa extus pubescens pilis simplicibus et lobis aequalibus sine alis. Stylus 1 -5 mm longus indusio late obdeltoideo 0-5 mm longo. Fructus ellipsoideus I -8 mm longus seminum unum conti- nens. Much branched dense shrub about 60 cm high. Stems tomentose-pubes- cent with mostly simple hairs which are whitish but becoming grey with age. Leaves obovate to elliptic, 3-6 cm long, 1 -5-3 cm wide, tapering into a short petiole and a i broadened base with a conspicuous tuft of silvery villous hairs in the axil, densely tomentose, entire, obtuse. Flowers arranged in dense, villous, globose clusters up to 1-5 cm diam. in the axils of the upper leaves. Bracts obovate to oblanceolate, 2 mm long, 0-5-0 -8 mm wide, densely villous inside with long hairs. Bracteoles obovate, 2 mm long, 1 mm wide, densely villous towards the apex. Sepals almost obsolete and represented by a minute -l: lobed rim on the ovary. Corolla yellow, palmate but forming a short com- plete tube near the base, 2-5-3 mm long, pubescent with mostly simple hairs outside and a few multi-cellular and glandular ones, villous inside with numer- ous retrorse simple hairs; lobes equal, deltoid, 0-5-0 -8 mm long, 0-3-4 mm wide, acute, without a wing. Stamens with filaments irregularly connate, * School of Biological Sciences, The University of Sydney, SYDNEY, New South Wales 2006 292 ca. 1 mm long; anthers ca. 0-5 mm long. Style 1-5 mm long, pubescent; indusium broad-deltoid, 0-5 mm long, 1 mm wide, light brown, pubescent towards the base on the upper surface but almost glabrous below with a slightly curved orifice beset with minute (01 mm long) white bristles on both lips. Fruit ellipsoid, 1-8 mm long, 1 mm diam., dark grey, ribbed, containing a single seed. Typification — HOLOTYPE— Between Yuna and Dartmoor, W. E. Blackall no. 4833, 20 Sept. 1940 (PERTH). The generic name is a latinization of the collector’s name and the specific epithet refers to the globular clusters of flowers. Specimens examined: 25 mi North of Mingenew, 5. Cartquist no. 3945, 29 Oct. 1967 (NSW, SYD); 25 miles North of Mingenew, A. S. George no. 9214, 17 Oct. 1967 (PERTH, SYD). Discussion: The genus must be placed fairly close to Scaevola. In particular, the palmate flower without an anterior pocket and the indehiscent fruit with a seed which is not compressed, indicate this affinity. However, the reduction of ovules to a solitary one in the ovary is unknown in Scaevola sens. str. ; those species which have this feature and are placed in Scaevola by Krause (1912), are more correctly placed in Goocienia (Carolin, 1959). Moreover the smooth simple hairs are known in only one species of Scaevola from Hawaii, which is otherwise quite different, and the yellow corolla colour is likewise only known from one complex of tropical Scaevola species which are otherwise quite different. The dense clustering of the very small flowers is unknown in Scaevola. Distribution: Geraldton Region, Western Australia. Habitat: in sandy-loam among Acacia — Melaleuca scrub, near a saline flat (George 9214). Acknowledgements To Dr. L. A. S. Johnson for checking the latin descriptions and loaning material and the Curator of the Western Australian Herbarium for loaning material. References Carolin, R. C. (1959) — Floral Structure and Anatomy in the Family Goodeniaceae Dumort. Proc.Linn.Soc.N.S.W. 84:242. Krause, K.(1912) — Goodeniaceae and Brunoniaceae, Das Pflrch. 54, Berlin. 293 Notes on Eucalyptus brachycorys Blakely and E. coniitae-vallis Maiden By M. I. H. Brooker* Abstract The taxonomy and distribution of the two Western Australian mallees E. brachycorys and E. comitae-valUs are discussed. E. brachycorys has constricted buds and brown, shallowly-pitted seed. E. comitae-va/lis has non-constricted buds and grey, deeply-pitted seed. The two taxa have roughly a western and eastern distribution respectively and, as yet, are not known to overlap. Eucalyptus comitae-vallis was described by Maiden (1923). The type was collected at Comet Vale (.1. T. Jutson 239) and this locality was the only one known to Maiden at the time. The species is not referred to again in the “ Critical Revision ”. E. brachycorys was described by Blakely (1934) and was apparently based on two specimens collected by Max Koch (Nos. 990, 1608) at Cowcowing. Blakely classified both species in the Series Dumosae in different Subseries neither of which as a whole contains natural groups of eucalypts. Gardner (1960) who must have seen many more specimens of these species than Blakely, commented on specimens attributed to E. comitae-vallis from between Kuija and Bodallin, between Koorda and Wyalkatchem and from Mt Holland and remarked on their characteristically constricted buds with a smaller, narrower operculum. He recognized these forms as E. brachycorys Figure 1 — A seed of E. comitae-vallis (7 miles north of Menzies. M. I. H. Brooker 2033). Figure 2 — A seed of E. brachycorys (near Dalwallinu, M. 1. FI. Brooker 1905). Forestry and Timber Bureau, Canberra, A.C.T. 2600. 294 Blakely but appears to have regarded them as a nonspecific variant. Pryor and Johnson (1971) agreed with Gardner on the closeness of the relationship, as “ comitae-vallis ” and “ brachycorys ’* were placed next to each other as anticipated subspecies in their classification. However, Johnson (1972) revised his opinion and relocated E. brachycorys in the Dundasianae. Natural groups in the Section Dumaria are recognizable by seed characters (Carr and Carr 1969, Brooker 1971), and Pryor and Johnson (1971) have devised their classification of the species in the Dumaria on this basis. The species of the Series Torquatae (e.g. E. comitae-vallis) have grey seed with deep, more or less hexagonal pits; those of the Series Dundasianae (e.g. E. brachy- corys) have brown seed with shallow elongate pits (Figs. 1, 2). INCHES 1 1 2 3 1 4 1 5 CENTIMETRES o 1 L ..1 t 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 Figure 3 — Buds of E. comitae-vallis (Comet Vale, J. T. Jutson). Figure 4 — Buds of E. brachycorys (Cowcowing, M. Koch 1041). 295 Figure 5 — Distribution of E. comilae-vallis and E. brachycorys. Another distinction between E. comilae-vallis and E. brachycorys is that the buds of the former are unconstricted while those of the latter are con- stricted at the join of the operculum (Figs. 3, 4). The two species are not known to overlap in distribution (Fig. 5). E. brachy- corys has a westerly distribution. To the north-west it approaches geographically the related E. oraria, and to the south-east the related E. cylindrocarpa. By contrast, E. comitae-vallis has an easterly distribution. To the north-east it grades into the related E. concinna — the difference being that the operculum of the former is usually pointed and that of the latter usually depressed hemi- spherical. Acknowledgements 1 would like to thank the Photographic section of C.S.I.R.O. Canberra and Mr Norman Hall for the seed and specimen photographs respectively and Mr R. Aronsen of the Forest Research rnstitute for the map. References Blakely, W. F. (1934)— “A Key to the Eucalypts (The Worker Trustees: Sydney.) Brooker, M. I. FI. (1971)— Studies in the genus Eucalyptus, Series Dumosae. Nuytsia. 1: 210 - 6 . Carr, S. G. M. and Carr, D. J. (1969)— Oil glands and ducts in Eucalyptus L'Herit. 1. The phloem and the pith. Aust. J. Bot. 17: 471-513. Gardner, C. A. (1960) — West Aust. Dept, of Agriculture, Bull. No. 2709. Johnson, L. A. S. (1972)— Evolution and classification in Eucalyptus. Proc Linn Soc N.S.W. 97: 11-29. an. ooc. Maiden, J. FI. (1923)— “A Critical Revision of the Genus Eucalyptus". Vol 6 (Govt Printer: Sydney). Pryor, L. D. ana Johnson, L. A. S. (1971) — “ A Classification of the Eucalypts ” (Aust Nat. Univ.: Canberra). 296 Six new species of Eucalyptus from Western Australia By M. I. H. Brooker* Abstract Six new Western Australian eucalypts are described — E. aquiUna and E. ligulala from near Mt. Le Grand, E. insiilaris from North Twin Peak Island (Recherche Archipelago) and from near Mt. Le Grand, E. calcicola from near Boranup, E. hrevistylis from north east of Walpole, and E. exilis from Boyagin Rock Reserve, the Mundaring Weir catchment and the Wickepin Reserve. All belong to the sub-genus “ Monocalyptiis ”. Eucalyptus aquilina M. 1. H. Brooker sp. nov. (Figures 1, 2) Pryor and Johnson code MABCC. Fnilex “ mallee ” 2-5 m altus. caulibus exilibus, laevibus, eburneis vel canis. Ramiili juvenes quad ran gu lares in sectione transversal!. Glandulae oleosae in eortice. Ligiiotuber nullum visum. Cotyledones reniformes, 0-8-1 -5 x 1 -2-2 cm, ad basin triplinerves, supra virides, infra purpureae. Folia plaiitulae sessilia, decussata, elliptica, 1 • 5-8 x 1-5 cm, discoloria, marginibus undulatis et glandiferis. Axis plantulae verrucosus, glandulosus. Folia aduita petiolata, in gemma decussata, demum ab intranodiis separata, lanceolata vel falcata, 8-13 x 1 -5-2 -5 cm, in acumen longum rectum angustata, viridia, concoloria, leviter nitida, dense reticulata, nervis irregulariter incrassatis. Glandulae oleosae parvulae, sparsae, discretae. Petioli complanati, glandiferi, 1-2 (2-5) cm longi. Inflorescentiae axillares, 3-florae. PedimcuU 2-3 x 0 -7-1 cm, complanati, erecti alabastra immatura ferentes, recurvi flores et fructus ferentes. Alabastra sessilia, turbinata, 2 -5-3 -5 x 2-3 -5 cm. Operculum hypanthium aequans vel quam eo brevius, late conicum, apiculatum, crassum. Stamina omnia fertilia. Filamenta in alabastro fere horizontalia, partim inflexa, valde glandifera. Antherae stylum cingentes, oblongae, dorsifixae, versatiles, ab rimis longi- tudinalibus dehiscentes, glandula antherae a tergo manifesta. Stylus gradatim angustatus. Stigma inconspicuum. Ovarium 5-7 loculare. Ovula verticaliter 2-seriata. Fructus sessilis, obconicus, 2-2-5 x 3-5-5 cm, laevis vel parum costatus vel angulatus. Annulus operculi latus, concavus. Discus latus, rugosus, porphyreus, nitens, super valvas in lobos uncatos 5-18 mm elevates extensus. Valvac 5-7, pro parte maxima ab lobis disci tectae, apicibus liberis sursum versis. Semen pyramidale, nigrum, 2-3 x 2 mm, rontundatum, latere dorsali lacunoso, ventrali cum porcis aliquot ad hilum adscendentibus. Ovulodia oblonga, fulva vel porphyrea. Type: near Mt Le Grand, Western Australia (33°59'S, 122'08'E) 22 April 1972, M. /. H- Brooker 3622 (holo: FRl; iso; PERTH, K, NSW, AD, MEL, GAUBA). A mallee 2-5 m tall with slender, creamy-white or grey, smooth stems' Young ihra/JcWcfi flattened. St/rA' glandular. Lignotuber not seen. Cotyledons reniform, 0 -8-1 - 5 x 1 -2-2 cm, triplinerved at the base, green above, purple below. Seedling leaves sessile, decussate, elliptical, 1 -5-8 x 1-5 cm, discolorous, edges undulate and glandular. Seedling axis verrucose, glandular. Adult leaves petiolate, decussate in bud, separated on the mature axis by intranodes, lanceolate or falcate, 8-13 x 1 -5-2-5 cm, narrowing to a long straight point, green, concolorous, slightly glossy. Reticulations dense, irregularly thickened. Oil glands small, sparse, discrete. Petiole flattened, glandular, 1-2 (2 -5) cm long. Infloreseenees axillary, of 3 buds. Peduncles 2-3 x 0-7-1 cm, flattened, erect with immature buds, recurved with flowers and fruit. Buds sessile, turbinate, 2 - 5-3 - 5 x 2-3 - 5 cm. Operculum equal to or shorter than hypanthium. Forestry and Timber Bureau, Canberra, A.C.T. 2600. 297 Figure I— Ei/ca/jpto sp. nov. A— Leaves, x 1. B— Anthers, x 8. C— Cotyledons X 0-75. D— Young buds, x 1. E— Ovules, x 5. F— Buds, x 1. G^Fruit x 1-25’ FI— Seed, X 5. I— Bud section, x I. J— Fruit section, x 1 -25. broadly conical, apiculate, thick. Stamens all fertile. Filaments almost hori- zontal in bud, partially inflected, strongly glandular. Anthers surrounding the style, oblong, dorsifixed, versatile, opening by longitudinal slits; gland visible from the back. Style tapering. Stigma inconspicuous. Locales 5-7. Ovules in 2 vertical rows. Fruit sessile, obconical 2-2-5 x 3-5-5 cm, smooth or faintly ribbed or angled. Operculum scar broad, concave. Disc broad, rugose, red-brown shining, extending over the valves as hooked lobes raised 5-18 mm. Valves 5-1 mostly obscured by lobes of disc, free tips upturned. ’ 298 to Israelite Bay Figure 2— Distribution of Eucalyptus aquilina sp. nov. (oblique hatching); E. ligulata sp. nov. (horizontal hatching); and E. insularis sp. nov. (vertical hatching). MONDRAIN ISLAND Seed pyramidal, black, 2-3 x 2 min; rounded, lacunose on dorsal side with ribs ascending to the hilum on the ventral side. Chaff elongate, yellow brown or red brown. Distribution: Western Australia, among hills near Mt Le Grand. Other collections: various localities near Mt Le Grand and between Mt Le Grand and French- mans Peak, Western Australia: 7 Oct. 1966, P. G. mison 5570 (PERTH): 16 Aug. 1971, A. S. Weston 6748 (PERTH); 5 Nov. 1971, A. S. Weston 7017 (PERTH, FRl, NSW, AD, MEL); 13 Nov. 1971, A. S. Weston 7239 (PERTH); 15 Mar. 1972, K. M. Allan 821 (PERTH, BRl’ NSW) PERTH, GAUBA, Flowering period: May-October. The specific epithet alludes to the hooked lobes of the disc. Eucalyptus aquHina is a species with affinity to E. coronata C. A. Gardn. but differing in the larger buds and fruit, the praetically unribbed hypanthia, the unbeaked, unribbed eonical opercula and the larger, more conspicuously lobed discs. It grows in shallow soil amongst gneissic rocks on creeksides. The type eomes from the steep bank of a creek flowing north from a saddle on the west side of Mt Le Grand. Associated euealypts are E. dorato.xylon F. Muell., £. affin. goniantha Turcz. and E. Hgidata M. I. H. Brooker sp. nov. Eucalyptus ligulata M. I. H. Brooker sp. nov. (Figures 2, 3) Pryor and Johnson code MABEL. Fiiiiex malice 2 3m altus. Cortex canis vel cinereus. laevis, glandifer. Rami/li juvenes quadrangulares vel complanati in sectione transversali. Lignotuberiim formans. Cot)ledoiKs reniformes, 7-10 x 10-15 mm, ad basin triplinerves, supra viridcs infra purpureae. Foha plantiilae sessilia, decussata, ampicxieaulia, elliptica vel ovata, 1 -5-10 x 1-4-5 cm, vindia. leviter discoloria. Folia adiilta peliolata, in gemma decussata, demum ab intranodiis separata, lanceolata, erecta, aliquot uncinata, 5-10 x 0-8-2 -5 cm. viridia con- coloria, moderate dense reticulata. Glandulae oleosae ambitu irregulares, in dimensione vanabiles, aliquot per areolam. Petioli valde complanati, aliquot torti, 8-20 mm longi. D j Infloiyscenttae axillares 7-11 (14) florae, profusae, multae in axillis inferioribus aphyllis Pednncuh J-25 mm longi, complanati. Alabasira clavata, 9-1 5 x 4-6 mm, costata vel striata ' m pedicellis 4-10 mm longis angustata. Operadnm hypantbio longius et latius. interdum’ rostralum, strammeum vel brunneum tempore exutum. Stamina omnia fertilia. Filamenta exteiiora erecta, interiora radiale inflexa. Antherae stylum cingentes, oblongoreniformes dorsihxae, Versailles, ab rinus longitudinalibus vel semi-obliquis dehiscentes, glandula termi- nah magna. SoVh-v gradatim angustatus. Stigma inconspicuum. Ovarium 3-loculare Ovuia verticaliter 2-seriata. F/-«c/«,v pedicellatus, globularis vel ovoide-truncatus, 8-15 x 9-14 mm. rusosus leviter costatus. Cicatrix operculi angustata. Discus prominens, porphyreus, variabilis declivis vel leviter convexus. Vahae 3, depressae, obscurae. Semen pyramidale, nigrum, 3x2 mm, rotundatum venlrali cum porcis aliquot ad hilum adscendentibus porphyrea. , latere dorsali striato et lacunoso, Ovulodia breviora, flavi-brunnea et Type: About 13 miles east of the beach near Cape Le Grand Western Aiisti-dia 122^90 'E) 15 Mar. 1972, K. M. Allan 820 (holo: PERTH Aso; FRL K NSW) ' ’ A mallee 2-3 m tall. Branchlets quadrangular in cross section or flattened Bark grey to light grey, smooth, glandular. Capable of forming lignotubers. C otyledons Kndovm 7-10 x 10-15 mm, triplincrved at the base, green above purple below. Seedling leaves sessile, decussate, amplexicaul, elliptical to ovate’ u j c Tf ^ slightly discolorous. Adult leaves petiolate, decussate o o ^*^^**y separated by intranodes, lanceolate, erect, some uncinate, 5-10 x 0 -8-2 -5 cm, green, concolorous, moderately densely reticulate. Oil elands irregular in outline, variable in size, several per areole. Petioles stronelv flattened, some twisted, 8-20 mm long. ® ^ Inflorescences prolific axillary, of 7-11 (14) buds, many in lower leafless axils. Peduncles 1 25 mm long, flattened. Buds clavate, 9-15 x 4-6 mm, ribbed 300 Figures — Eucalyptus Ir'giilata sp. nov. A — Leaves, xl. B — Anthers, x 25. C — Ovules, x 8 D — Young buds, x 1. E — Seed, x 5. F — Cotyledons, x 0-75. G — Bud section, x 2-5 H — Buds, x 1. I — Fruit, x 1. J — Bud with operculum removed, x 6. 301 or striate, tapering into the pedicel 4-10 mm long. Operculum longer and wider than hypanthium, sometimes beaked, yellow or brown when shed. Stamens all fertile. Onlcr filaments erect, inner ones inflected radially. Anthers surrounding the style, oblong-reniform, dorsifixcd, versatile, opening by semi-oblique or longitudinal nonconfluent slits; gland large, terminal. Style simple, stigma inconspicuous. Locules 3. Ovules in 2 vertical rows. Fruit pedicellate, globular or ovoid-truncate, 8-15 x 9-14 mm, wrinkled and shallowly ribbed. Operculum scar narrow. Disc conspicuous, red-brown, variable, inward sloping to slightly convex. Valves 3, sunken, obscure. Seed pyramidal, black, 3x2 mm, rounded, striate and lacunose on dorsal side, with ribs ascending to the hilum on the ventral side. C/!fl.^'smaller, yellow- brown and red-brown. Distribution: Western Australia, near Mt Le Grand, Lucky Bay, and Hauloff Rock. Other collections: same locality as type:16 Aug. 1971, A. S. Weston 6747 (PERTH); 16 Aug, 1971, A. S. Weston 6750, 6751 (PERTH); 5 Nov. 1971, A. S. Weston 7030 (PERTH, FRI, NSW); 15 Mar. 1972, K. M. Allan 822 (PERTH, FRI, AD); 22 April 1972, M. I. H. Brooker 3609, 3610, 3616 (FRI, PERTH, K, MEL, GAUBA, NSW); Lucky Bay, Western Australia (33°49'S, 122“I3'E) 14 Aug. 1971, A. S. Weston 6637 (PERTH); 3 miles north-west of Hauloff Rock (ca. 50 miles north-east of Albany), 29 Jan. 1973, K. Newbey (PERTH, FRI). Flowering period: March-June. The specific name alludes to the marked flattening of the petioles and peduncles. Eucalyptus ligulata grows in close association witn E. aquilina M. I. H. Brooker sp. nov. and E. affin. goniantha Turcz. and has only been found in the localities cited above. It is allied to E. calcicola M. I. H. Brooker sp. nov. The natural affinity of these two species is not clear but they could be placed with E. acies M. I. H. Brooker. Eucalyptus calcicola M. I. H. Brooker sp. nov. (Figures 4, 5). Pryor and Johnson code MABEN. Friitex “ malice ” usque ad 2 - 5 m altus. Ramidi juvenes complanati vel quadrangulares in sectione transversali. Cortex cinereus vel viridi-cinereus, laevis, glandifer. Lignotubenini formans. Cotyledones reniformes, ca. 10 x 15 mm, triplinerves, supra virides, infra purpureae Folia plaiutilae sessilia, decussata, ovata, 2-8 x 1-6 cm. tenuia, viridia, vivida nitentia dis- coloria. Folia juvenilia sessilia, decussata, amplexicaulia, ovata, cuspidata, 5-9 x 3-7 cm viridia vivida nitentia, leviter discoloria. Folia adidta petiolata, in gemma decussata demuni ab inlranodiis separata, lanceolata vel falcata, 5 • 5-10 • 5 x 1-3 cm, viridia, concoloria, moderate dense reticulata. Glandtdae oleosae numerosae, ambitu irregularissimae, aliquot per areolam Petioli complanati, aliquot torti, 1-2 cm longi. Inflorescentiae axillares, 7-florae. Involucrum 6-bracteatum. PedtmcuU complanati 1-2 cm longi. Alabastra turbinata, 10-15 x 6-10 mm, costata. Pedicelli 3-5 mm longi’ Operculum rostellaium vel conicum, 5-8 mm longum, crassum. Stamina omnia fertilia Filamenta in gemma cxteriora erecta, aliquantum tangentia flexa, interiora radiale intlexa Antherae stylum cingentes, oblongae, dorsifixae, versatiles, ab rimis longitudinalibus non confluentibus dehiscentes. Stylus gradatim angustatus, sculptus. Stigma inconspicuum Ovarium 4-loculare. Ovida verticaliter 2-seriata. Fructus breviter pedicellatus, globulari-truncatus, 10-15 x 12-16 mm, costis 1-2 mm altis. Discus prominens, annularis, primum obliquus, demum elevatus et planus 2 mm latiis Valvae, 4, depressae. ’ ' Semen pyramidale, nigrum, 2-4 x 1-2 mm, latere dorsali rotundato et striato ventrali cum costis aliquot ad hilum adscententibus. Ovulodia breviora, flavi-brunnea. ’ Type: Near Cape Freycinet, Western Australia (34"07'S, 115°00'E) 18 June 1971 K M Alin« 634 (holo: PERTH; iso: FRI, K, NSW, AD, GAUBA, MEL, HO, BRI). A mallee to 2-5 m tall. Young branchlets flattened or quadrangular in cross section. Bark light-grey or greenish-grey, smooth, glandular. Capable of forming lignotubers. 302 Figure 4 — Eucalyptus calcicola sp. nov. A — Leaf, x 1 . B — Cotyledons, x 1 . C — Anthers X 20. D — Young buds, x 1-5. E — Ovules, x 10-5. F — Seed, x 4. G — Buds, x 1, H Fruit, X 1. I— Bud section, x 2-5. J— Bud with operculum removed, x 4 -5. 303 Cotyledons reniform, ca. 10 x 15 mm, triplinerved, green above, purple below. Seedling leaves sessile, decussate, ovate, 2-8 x 1-6 cm, thin, bright shining green, discolorous. Juvenile leaves sessile, decussate, amplexicaul ovate, cuspidate, 5-9 x 3-7 cm, bright shining green, slightly discolorous Adult leaves petiolate, decussate in bud, finally separated by intranodes, lanceolate or falcate, 5-5-10-5 x 1-3 cm, moderately densely reticulate, green, concolorous Oil glands numerous, very irregular in outline, several per areole Petioles flattened, some twisted, 1-2 cm long. Inflorescence axillary of 7 buds. Bracts 6. Peduncles 1-2 cm long flattened Buds turbinate, 10-15 x 6-10 mm, ribbed. Pedicels 3-5 mm long Operculum beaked or conical, 5-8 mm long, thick. Stamens all fertile. Outer filaments erect, somewhat flexed tangentially, inner ones inflected radially. Anthers surrounding the style, oblong, dorsifixed, versatile, opening in longitudinal non-confluent slits. Style tapering, sculptured. Stigma inconspicuous Locales 4. Ovules in 2 vertical rows. Fruit shortly pedicellate, globular-truncate, 10-15 x 12-16 mm with ribs raised 1-2 mm. Disc prominent, annular, at first oblique, finally slightlv raicpH and level, 2 mm wide. Ka/ves 4, sunken. ^ ^ 304 Seed pyramidal, black 2-4 x 1-2 mm, rounded and striate on dorsal side with ribs ascending to the hilum on the ventral side. Chajf smaller, yellow- brown. Distribution: Western Australia, coastal dunes between Cape Freycinet and Cape Hamelin, between 100 and 350 feet above sea level. Other coltections: same locality as type: 18 June 1971, K. M. Ailan 635 (juvenile leaves) (PERTH, FRl); 8 May 1972, M. I. H. Brooker 3697 (FRI, PERTH, NSW, GAUBA); Bora- nup. Western Australia (34 OS'S, 115 02 'E) May 1971, B, tFa/i/r (PERTH, FRI); 30 Jan. 1973, P. Christensen (PERTH, FRI). Flowering period: May-June. Eucalyptus calcicola has a restricted distribution on the westerly aspect of massive calcareous dunes near the coast at Hamelin Bay to the south of Cape Freycinet. It occurs as dense clusters of mallees generally emergent above the surrounding sclerophyllous shrubs and frequently on outcropping limestone (the reason for the specific name). Nearby eucalypts are E. calophylla R. Br. ex Lindl. and E. megacarpa F. Miicll. but only E. calcicola extends west of these towards the cliff tops. Its affinity is with E. ligulata M. I. H. Brooker sp. nov. from which it differs in the broader, more strongly ribbed buds and fruit, and the bright, shining green seedling leaves. Eucalyptus exilis M. 1. H. Brooker sp. nov. (Figures 6, 7) Pryor and Johnson code MADAF. Frutex " mallee " usque ad 6 m altus, caulibus exilibus erectis. Ranmli glauci. Canopium lenue. Cortex cinereo-erubescens cinereus vel eburneus, laevis. Lignotuberum formans. Cotytedones reniformes, ca. 10 x 12 mm. ad basin Iriplinerves, supra virides, infra pur- pureae. Folia planttilae sessilia, dccussala, elliptica vel oblonga, I -5-10 x 1-6 cm, leviter discoloria. Folia adiilta petiolata, in gemma decussata, dcmum ab intranodiis separata, lanceolala vel falcata, uncinala, 4-7 x 0-8-2 cm, concoloria. Reticitliim densum, inter- seclionibus aliquot irregularitcr crassis; glandulae oleosae sparsae; areolae aliquot cum glandula singulare. Petioli graciles, complanati. 6-15 mm longi. liiflorescentiae axillares. ll-llorae. Involitcrnm 6-bracteatum. Pedunciili ereeti, leviter complanati, 8-15 mm longi. Alahastra clavata, 6-8 x 4-5 mm. Pedicetti 3-5 mm longi. Operculum hemisphaericum, interdum apiculatum vel late conicum, hypanthio brevius. Stamina omnia lcrtilia( ?). Filameuta primum erecta demum radiale inflexa, antheris supra ovarium sitis vel extrinsecus ad discum dellexis. Antherae reniformes, dorsifixac, versatiles, ab rimis obliquis dehiscentcs, glandula terminal!. Stylus glandifer, gradatim angustatus, ad basin rugosus, supra striatus, ad apicem flexus. Ovarittm 4-loculare. Ovula verticaliter 2 seriata. Fructus pcdicellatus, ovoideus vel globulari-truncatus, 11-15 x 10-14 mm. Discus verticalis. Valvae depressae. Semen pyramidale. 2-3 x 2-3 mm, nigrum, latere dorsali rotundato, ventral! cum porcis aliquot ad hilum adscendentibus. Ovtilodia breviora, porphyrea. Type: north-west of Boyagin Rock, Boyagin Rock Reserve, Western Australia (32°27'S, li6°52'E) 10 May 1972, A/. I. H. Brooker 3702 (holo: FRI; iso: PERTH, K, NSW, GAUBA). A mallee to 6 m tall with slender erect stems. Branchlets glaucous. Canopy thin. Bark pinkish-grey light-grey or creamy smooth. Capable of forming lignotubers. Cotyledons remform ca. 10x12 mm triplinerved at the base green above purple below. Seedling leaves decussate sessile elliptical, 1-5-10 x 1-6 cm, slightly discolorous. Adult leaves petiolate, decussate in bud, separated on the mature axis by intranodcs, lanceolate or falcate, 4-7 x 0-8-2 cm, uncinate, concolorous. Reticulation dense, oil glands sparse, a few areoles with a single gland, a few irregularly thickened reticulation intersections. Petioles slender, flattened, 6-15 mm long. Inflorescences axillary, of 11 buds. Bracts 6. Peduncles erect, slightly flattened, 8-15 mm long. Buds clavate, 6-8 x 4-5 mm. Pedicels 3-5 mm long, 305 Figure 6~Eucalyptus exilis sp. nov. A— Ovules, x 17. B— Bud section, x 6. C— Buds, x 3 D— Leaves, x 1. E— Anthers, x 20. F— Seed and chaff, x 6. G— Fruit, x 1-25. 306 Operculum hemispherical, sometimes apiculate or broadly conical, shorter than the hypanthium. Stamens all fertile (?). Filaments at first erect then inflected radially with anthers resting above the ovary or deflected outwards towards the disc. Anthers reniform, dorsifixcd, versatile, opening by oblique slits, gland terminal. Style glandular, tapering, wrinkled at base, fluted above and bent at the top. Locales 4. Ovules in 2 vertical rows. Fruit pedicellate, ovoid or globular-truncate, 11-15 x 10-14 mm. Disc vertical. Valves sunken. Seed pyramidal, black, 2-3 x 2-3 mm, rounded and striate on the dorsal surface with a few ribs ascending to the hiluni on the ventral side. Chaff smaller, red-brown. Figure 7 — Distribution of Eucalyptus exilis sp. nov. (shaded areas). Distribution: Western Australia, Mundaring Weir Catchment, Boyagin Rock Reserve, and Wickepin Reserve. Other collections: at 63 mile peg on the boundary of the Mundaring Weir Catchment area, Western Australia (32“05'S, 116°35'E) 9 July 1952. D. H. Perry (PERTH, FRI, K, NSW, MEL); Boyagin Rock Reserve, Western Australia (32°27'S, 116‘’52'E) 22 June 1961, H. B. (PERTH); Wickepin Reserve, Western Australia, 22 June 1961, H. B. (PERTH); Bovagin Rock Reserve, Western Australia (32'27'S, 116°52'E), 3 Jan. 1970, A. S. George 9815 (PERTH, FRI, AD, MEL, BRl) and 10 May 1972, M. I. H. Brooker il03 (FRI, PERTH). Flowering period unknown. The specific name alludes to the slender stems. Eucalyptus exilis is closely related to E. pendens M. I. H. Brooker and E. sepulcralis F. Muelh, but dilTers in the erect habit and smaller leaves, buds, and fruit. The localities for E. exilis lie half way between those of the other two species. At Boyagin Reserve it occurs on a lateritic podsol and is associated with E. accedens W. V. Fitzg. and E. drummondii Benth. 307 Eucalyptus insularis M. 1. H. Brooker sp. nov. (Figures 2, 8) Pryor and Johnson code MADEM. Frutex " mallee " 1-5-8 m alius. Caw/ei exiles (plantae continenlales), vel validus (planiae insulares), cortice cinereo, chlorine vel viridi-griseo, laevi, glandifero. Plantae altae cortice basali pro 20 cm porphyreo, fibroso. et ramis ad basin in latere infero conspicue corrugatis. Ramiili quadrangulares in sectione iransversali. Lignoluberum formans. Colyledones reniformes, 4-9 x 6-12 mm, ad basin triplinerves, supra virides, infra pur- pureae. Folia plantulae sessilia, decussata, elliptica vel oblonga, denticulata, I ■ 5-7 x 0 • 5-3 cm, viridia, discoloria. Folia intermedia viridia (insulares) vel glauca (continenlales). Folia aduita peliolata, in gemma decussata, demum ab inlranodiis separata, breyia, erecta, lanceo. lata, angusti-lanceolata vel falcata, uncinata, 4 -5-7 -5 x 0-5^ -8 cm, viridia, concoloria- Reliciiliim sparsum. Glaiididae oleosae numerosae, ambitu circulares, in dimensione vari- ables, per areolam multae. Pelioli graciles, complanati, supra sulcati, valde glandiferi, 4-8 mm longi. inflorescentiae axillares, muitiflorae. Pedunculi 5-8 mm longi, vulgo recurvi. Inrolacrum 6-bracteatum. Aiabastra clavata, 4-6 x 2-3 mm, Pedicelli 3-5 mm longi. Operculum hemisphaericum, apiculatum, hypanthio brevius et pariim angustatius. Stamina omnia fertilia. Fiiamenta primum erecta. demum radiale inflexa. Aiitherae oblongae, dorsifixae, versaliles, ab rimis nonconfluentibus longitudinalibus vel obliquis dehiscentes, glandula terminali. Slylux gradatim anguslatus. Stigma inconspicuum. Ovarium 3-loculare. Ovuia verlicaliler 2-seriata. Fructux pedicellatus, ovoideus, 7-8 x 5-6 mm, leviter rugosus. Dixeus supra obliquus turn verlicaliler declinatus, porphyreus, nitens. Valvae 3, depressae. Semen pyramidale vel elongatum, atro-brunneum vel nigrum, 1-2x1 mm, latere dorsali rotundato et retieiilato. ventrali cum aliquot porcis ad hiium adscendentibus. Ovulodia breviora. flavida vel porphyrea. Type: North Twin Peak Island, Recherche Archipelago, Western Australia (33°59 'S, 122°51 'E) 10 Feb. I960, R. D. Royce 6264 (holo: PERTH; iso: FRI). A mallee 1 -5-8 m tall. Stems slender (mainland occurrence) or stout (island occurrence) with light-grey, yellowish-green or greenish-grey, smooth, glandular bark. Large specimens with 20 cm of basal red-brown fibrous bark and with branches conspicuously wrinkled at base on underside. Young branchlets quadrangular in cross section. Capable of forming lignotubers. Cotyledons reniform 4-9 x 6-12 mm, triplinerved at the base, green above, purple below. Intermediate leaves green (island occurrence) or blue-green (mainland occurrence). Seedling leaves sessile, decussate, elliptical or obTong, denticulate, 1-5-7 x 0-5-3 cm. green, discolorous. Adult leaves small, erecl, lanceolate, narrow-lanceolate or falcate, uncinate, 4 -5-7 -5 x 0 -5-0 -8 cm, green, concolorous. Reticulations sparse. OH glands numerous, circular in outline, varying in size, many per areole. Petioles slender, flattened, channelled above, strongly glandular, 4-8 mm long. Inflorescences axillary, multiflowered. Peduncles slender, 5-8 mm long, mostly recurved. Bracts 6. clavate 4-6 x 2-3 mm. /’et/fee/.s 3-5 mm long! Operculum hemispherical, apiculate, shorter and slightly narrower than the hypanthium. Stamens all fertile. FZ/wme/t/x erect then radially inflected. Anthers oblong, dorsifixed, versatile, opening by nonconfluent slits, some of which are wholly longitudinal, others with the upper part oblique towards the gland which is terminal. Style tapering. Stigma inconspicuous. Locules 3. Ovules in 2 vertical rows. Fruit pedicellate, ovoid, 7-8 x 5-6 mm, shallowly wrinkled. Disc oblique above then descending vertically, red-brown, shining. Valves 3 sunken. Seed pyramidal or elongate, dark brown or black, 1-2 x 1 mm rounded and finely pitted on the dorsal side, with ribs ascending to the hilu’m on the ventral side. Chaff smaller, yellow' or red-brown. Distribution: Western Australia, North Twin Peak Island, Mt Le Grand district. 308 Figure 8 — Eucalyptus insularis sp. nov. A — Ovules, x 25. B — Bud section, x 9. C — Buds, X 1 - 5. D — Leaves, x 1. E — Anthers, x 25. F — Seed and chaff, x 25. G — Fruit, x 1 - 5. 309 Other collections: about 1 mile northeast of beach just N of Mt Le Grand, Western Australia (33"58'S, 122W'E) 9 Aug. 1971. A. S. Weston 6470 (PERTH); 5 Nov. 1971, A. S. Weston 7044 (PERTH, FRI): 15 Mar. 1972. K. A/. .4//an 827 (PERTH, FRI, NSW) and 22 April 1972, M. 1. H. Brooker 3619 (FRI, PERTH. AD, K. HO); North Twin Peak Island, Recherche Archipelago, Western Australia (33"59'S, 122'51'E) 24 April 1972, M. 1. H. Brooker 3637 (FRI, PERTH, K, NSW, GAUBA, AD, MEL, BRI). Flowering period: unknown. Until recently E. itmilaris was known only from North Twin Peak Islanti (the reason for the specific name) where it was found growing in gullies on the western side (R. D. Royce 6264). It has since been found at the base of a gneissic clilf about J of the way up on the northern side of the island (M. I. H. Brooker 3637). There it is a stout mallee about 8 m tall growing obliquely in a dense thicket with and emergent above Acacia heterocliia Meisn. Nearby but non-associated species are E. lehmannii (Preiss ex Schau.) Benth. and E. cornuta Labill. It is likely to occur on other islands of the Recherche Archipelago which are large enough to support trees. No mainland occurrence was known until 1971 when it was found as a very small, isolated population near Cape Le Grand (A. S. Weston 6470, 7044, K' M. Allan 827, M. I. H. Brooker 3619) again at the base of a gneissic outcrop where it must be favourably situated for water. At this locality it is a mallee shrub to 2 m tall with narrower leaves than those of the island population. At Cape Le Grand it is associated with E. lehmannii. It is likely to be found in similar locations near the coast and east of Cape Le Grand. Its natural affinities are obscure as it resembles closely no other eucalypt species. It could tentatively be placed alone in a sub-series of the series Buprestinae. * Eucalyptus brevistylis M. 1. H. Brooker sp. nov. (Figures 9, 10) Pryor and Johnson code MAE :A. Arbor usque 40 m alta. Rannili tenues, quadrangulares in sectione transversal!, interdum glauci. Planta omnino glabra. Cortex hcpaticus fibrosus, longitudinaliter fissuratus Glanclulae oleosae in cortice. Lignotuber nullum visum. Cotyledones renilormes, 6-9 x 10-12 mm, ad basin triplinerves, supra virides, infra pur- pureae. Folia plantiilae petiolata, decussata, cordiformes, 2-6 x 1 -5-4 cm, discoloria, supra viridia, inira pallidiora, per 3-4 nodes opposita, deinde ab intranodiis separata. Petioli 0 ■ 8-1 • 5 cm longi. Stirciili caulibus glaucis et follis petiolatis. ovatis, cordatis. Folia adidta petiolata, in gemma decussata, demum ab intranodiis separata, lanceolata vel falcata obliqua tenuia, 7-10 x 1 -5-3 cm, aliquot uncinata, discoloria, supra viridia, infra pallidiora, moderate dense reticulata, glandulis oleosis numerosis, circularibus, aliquot per areolam Petioli graciles, 1-2 cm longi. Vena intramarginalis remota. htflorescentiae axiWtXKS, 11(13) florae. 8-15 mm longi. Alabastra clavata \e\ ovoidea, 2-3 x 2-3 mm, pedicellis breviora (4-8 mni). Operculum heniisphaericum laeve hypanthium circa aeqans. Filamenta longitudine variabilia, in alabastro radiale inflexa’ aliquot sine anthens. Antherae reniformes, dorsifixae, versatiles, ab rimis obliquis con- fluentibus dehiscentes, glandula terminali. Stylus operculo multo brevior Stigma incon spicuum. Ovarium 3-loculare. Ovula verticaliter 2-.seriata. Fructus pedicellatus, ovoideo-truncatus, 5-10 x 6-9 mm, vertice contractus rugosus vel aliquantum costatus, ad marginem tenuis. Discus verticalis vel obliquus, porDhvreus nitens Valrae 3, depressae, obscurae. ’ Semen pyramidale, 2 x 1 mm, brunneum, latere dorsali rotundato et foveato ventral! cum porcis aliquot ad hilum adscendentibus. Ovuhdia breviora, flavida. ’ Type: About 14 miles northeast of Walpole, Western Australia (34“49'S 116 53 'FI is F„h 1971, B. R. Maslin 1694 (holo: PERTH; iso: FRI, NSW, K, AD, MEL, BRI, HO). A large tree to 40 m tall. Branchlets slender, quadrangular in cross-section sometimes glaucous. Plant wholly glabrous. Bark yellow-brown fibrous’ longitudinally fissured. Oil glands present in bark. Lignotuber not seen ( 1971 * Unless otherwise indicated, subgenera, series and subseries refer to Pryor and Johnson 310 Figure 9 — Eucalyptus brevistylis sp. nov. A — Ovules, x 30. B — Bud section, x 9. C — Buds, X 2. D — Leaves, X 1. E — Anthers, x 45. F — Seed and chaff, x 10. G — Fruit, x 1-5. 311 Cotyledons reniform, 6-9 x 10-12 mm, triplinerved at the base, green above, purple below. Seedling leaves petiolate, decussate, cordiform, 2-6 x 1 -5-4 cm, discolorous, green above, paler below, becoming separated by intranodes after 3-4 nodes. Petioles 0-8-1 -5 cm long. Epiconnic shoots with axis glaucous and leaves petiolate, ovate, cordate. Adult leaves petiolate, decussate in bud, separated by intranodes on the mature axis, lanceolate or falcate, oblique, thin 7-10 x 1-5-3 cm, sometimes uncinate, discolorous, green above, paler below, moderately densely reticulate, oil glands numerous, circular, several per areole. Petioles slender, 1-2 cm long. Tnlramarginal vein remote. Inflorescences axillary, of II (13) buds. Peduncles 8-15 mm long. Buds clavate or ovoid, 2-3 x 2-3 mm, shorter than the pedicels (4-8 mm). Operculum hemispherical, smooth, about equal to the hypanthium. Filaments variable in length, inflected radially in bud, some without anthers. Anthers reniform, dorsifixed, versatile, opening in oblique confluent slits, gland terminal. Style much shorter than operculum, stigma inconspicuous. Locules 3. Ovules in 2 vertical rows. Fruit pedicellate, ovoid-truncate, 5-10 x 6-9 mm, contracted at the top, wrinkled or sometimes shallowly ribbed. Rim thin. Disc vertical or oblique, red-brown, shining. Valves 3, sunken, obscure. Seed pyramidal, 2 x 1 mm, brown, rounded and finely pitted on the dorsal side with several ribs ascending to the hilum on the ventral side. Chaff smaller yellow. Distribution: Western Australia, Walpole Forest Division. Other collections: Soho Block, Ref. JO 113 79, Western Australia, May 1970, B. J. White (PERTH, FRI); about 14 miles northeast of Walpole, Western Australia (34°49'S, 116°53'E) Figure 10— Distribution of Eucalyptus brevistylis sp. nov. (shaded area). 312 15 Feb. 1971, B. R. MasUn 1693 (PERTH, FRI, NSW, GAUBA, AD, MEL) and 19 April 1972, M. /. H. Brooker 3576 (FRI, PERTH, NSW, AD, MEL, BRI, GAUBA). Flowering period: February-May. A tribute must be made to the late Forester J. Rate through whose collec- tions and persistent efforts from the early 1950’s these trees have been recognised as a distinct species. Eucalyptus hrevistylis occurs in a small area of the Soho and London Blocks of the forest northeast of Walpole. The habitat is the banks and adjacent area of a creek deeply dissected for the locality (B. J. White pers. comm.). The soil is a yellow podsol. Nearby species are E. marginata Donn ex Sm. E. calophylla R. Br. ex Lindl. and E. megacarpa F. Muell. White (1971) reports that the external appearance of the trees is that of E. jacksonii Maiden (red tingle) although the wood is similar to E. guUfoylei Maiden (yellow tingle). However, the natural affinity of E. hrevistylis is with subgenus Monocalyptus. ft shares relatively flexible characters like habit, bark, and fruit shape with E. Jacksonii but these resemblances must be regarded as superficial as the differences are numerous and sometimes critical. They include the discolorous adult leaves, the short operculum, the regular inflection of the filaments .some of which are anantherous, the small style (the reason for the specific name), the rugose fruit, the yellow wood, and the petiolate, cordi- form seedling leaves. Eucalyptus hrevistylis appears then to be somewhat taxonomically isolated and a possible relict species. Some of the critical features it shares with other groups in Monocalyptus. Regularly inflected filaments occur as well in the sub- series Buprestinae (including E. insularis M. f. H. Brooker sp. nov.), Considen- ianinae and Haemastominae and in E. andrewsii Maiden and E. campamdata R. T. Bak. et H. C. Sm. ; anantherous filaments in the Considenianinae and Hae- mastominae; small styles in the Considenianinae, Haemastominae (clearly shown for E. haemastoma Sm. by Mueller (1879)), E. andrewsii and E. campanu- lata and to a lesser e,xtent in the Amygdalininae. Inflected filaments occur as well in the two anomalous species E. cloeziana F. Muell. (Section Macrantherae, Blakely 1934; subgenus Idiogenes, Pryor and Johnson 1971 ) and in E. inicrocorys F. Muell. (Section Renantherae, Blakely 1934; subgenus Symphyomyrtus. Pryor and Johnson 1971). E. inicrocorys also has some anantherous filaments. A further character common to these groups (except the Amygdalininae) is the presence in many buds of tubular tissue descending from the underside of the operculum and which in some buds completely ensheathes the style. Carr and Carr (1968) identified this tissue in some species of Eudesmia and Mono- calyptus as petaline downgrowths. ft occurs also in E. cloeziana and E. micro- corys. From an incomplete survey the character appears to be common in mature buds of Monocalyptus species whose opercula are hemispherical or de- pressed-hemispherical and whose filaments are inflected. Carr and Carr (loc. cit.) cite species in Monocalyptus other than those discussed above in which the con- dition, although present in early stages, is obliterated during the expansion of growth undergone during the maturation of the bud. Evidence of fairly inflexible characters is therefore provided to suggest links in affinity between some Monocalyptus in both eastern and western Australia. The unique feature of E. hrevistylis is the juvenile leaves. Markedly petiolate, cordiform seedling leaves do not occur elsewhere in Monocalyptus and they resemble the seedling leaves of some species in the quite unrelated subgenus Corymbia, and to some extent the intermediate or coppice leaves of E. obliqua L’Herit. and E. camfieldii Maiden, but again these are only superficial likenesses. 313 Acknowledgements I would like to thank Mr K. Allan for the illustrations of E. aquilina, E. calcicola and E. Ugulata; Mr G. Moss for the illustrations of E. insularis, E. brevistylis and E. exilis; Mr G. Moss and Mr R. Aronsen for the maps; Mr A. S. George for his critical examination and checking of the manuscript; Mr D. Kleinig for his assistance in checking the manuscript; Mr B, J. White, Mr A. S. George, Mr B. Rockel and Mr K. Allan for their assistance in the field; Mr Harry Butler for bringing E. calcicola to my attention; and Mr D. McKenzie for his patient navigation from Esperance to North Twin Peak Island, References Blakely, W. F. (1934)—“ A Key to the Eucalypts ” (The Worker Trustees, Sydney). Carr, S. G. M. and Carr, D. J. (1968)— Operculum development and the taxonomy of eucalypts. Nature, 219, 513-515. Mueller, F. (1879) — “ Eucalyptographia ”, 2nd Decade (Govt. Printer, Melbourne). Pryor, L. D. and Johnson, L. A. S. (1971)—“ A Classification of the Eucalypts ” (Australian National University, Canberra). White, B. J. (1971) — Tingle stand. Forest Notes, Forests Department, Western Australia, 9, 36-38. 314 Studies in the genus Acacia — 2 * — Miscellaneous new phyllodinous species — By B. R. Maslin Abstract Six new species of Acacia are described: A. ampliceps sp. nov., A. aphylla sp. nov., A. ashbyae sp. nov., A. microcalyx sp. nov., A. pachypoda sp. nov., and A. redolem sp. nov. These species belong to Bentham’s division Phyllodineae, and, except for A. ampliceps, all are endemic to Western Australia. Introduction The term “ pulvinus ”, which appears below, is a useful taxonomic character but has rarely been used in Acacia descriptions in the past. One definition of this term given by Jackson (1928) is “ the swollen base of the petiole, as in Mimosa pudica Linn.”. This term is normally used with reference to the compound leaves of Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoideae, and certain genera of Papilionoideae. As the phyllodes of Acacia species are modified compound leaves, this term may also be applied to them, as Boke (1940) has done. As used by the present author, the term “ pulvinus ” refers to the yellow, often rugose, structure situated at the base of the phyllodes in most species of Acacia; it is normally separated from the branch by a constriction. Boke (l.c.) states that the many vascular bundles of the phyllode “ lamina ” converge to a single trough-shaped bundle in the pulvinus; the anatomy of the pulvinus is similar to that of an ordinary leaf petiole, its epidermis is heavily cutinized, and the cells between the epidermis and the vascular tissue are typical parenchyma cells, displaying a small number of chloroplasts. Unless otherwise indicated, the specimens cited in this paper are housed at the Western Australian Herbarium (PERTH). 1. Acacia ampliceps B. R. Maslin sp. nov. (Figures 1, 2, and 4A). Frutex grandis dumalis vel arbor parva ramosa plerumque 2-7 m alta; ramitii glabri. Phyllodia variabilia plerumque linearia ad lanceolata, 70-250 x 7-30 mm, glabra, pallide viridia, costis prominentibus. Gians in margine supero phyllodii ad vel prope extremum distale pulvini, glans minor plerumque sub callo apicali. Inflorescentia plerumque racemosa, glabra; pedun- cidis 2-11 per racemo. Capitula alba ad luteola, 25-50 floribus. Flos 5-merus, glaber; calyx sinuato-dentatus; petala 3-3 -5 mm longa. Legumen durum, fragile, glabrum. Semina longitudinalia, oblonga, i'usca; fiinicnhis arillusque flammei. Type: 19 km N of Sandfire roadhouse (between Broome and Port Hedland), on Great Northern Highway, Western Australia, 9 June 1972, B. R. Maslin 2702 (holo: PERTH; iso: BRI, CANB, K, NSW, NY). Large bushy shrub or small shrubby tree 2-7 m tall; trunk to 0 - 3 m diam. at ground level, with smooth grey bark; branches often pendulous; branchlets sometimes flexuose, insignificantly ribbed, smooth, glabrous, yellowish. Stipules caducous, broadly triangular, ca. 1-5 mm long, brown. Phyllodes variable, normally linear to lanceolate, sometimes narrowly obovate, 70-250 x 7-30 mm, straight to slightly falcate, spreading to pendulous, glabrous, light * The first in this series was published in Nuytsia 1 (3): 254-260 (1972). 315 B.R.Mf}SLW, ms. ^ 1 i Figure \— Acacia ampUceps sp. nov. A— Portion of branch system (note phyllode deter- ioration due to insect action). B to D — Base of phyllodes showing pulvinus (p) and gland (g) variability. C — gland lip laterally flattened. D — gland recessed. E — Apex of phyllode showing callus (c) and gland (g). F~Flower. G— Bracteoles. H— Legume. I— Seed. A from R. D. Koyce 1962; B from B. R. Maslin 2736; C, F from B. R. Maslin 2676; D, E from B. R. Maslin 2702; G from R. D. Royce 7402; H from M. I. H. Brooker 2059; I from Mclnnes 2. green, midrib prominent and yellowish, marginal nerve similar but less prom- inent, lateral veins openly reticulate, apical callus straight or uncinate; pulvinus 2-5 mm long, prominently transversely rugose. Gland situated on upper margin of phyllode at (or near) distal end of pulvinus, a smaller gland normally occurs below the apical callus, circular or oblong, 1-2 (2 • 5) mm diam., 316 lip not prominent (sometimes laterally flattened), sometimes reeessed. In- florescences normally racemose (sometimes a few inflorescences reduced to solitary flower heads), axillary or terminal, often paniculate when terminal due to phyllode reduction, axis glabrous and up to 100 mm long with two small caducous bracts at the base; peduncles 2-11 per raceme, 5-15 mm long (to 25 mm in fruit), longitudinally sulcate, glabrous, subtending bract solitary and caducous. Flower heads white to cream, globular, 7-10 mm diam. at anthesis. with 25-50 ± densely packed flowers. Bracteoles 1 • 5 mm long, glabrous, spathulate; laminae slightly concave. F/on-m 5-merous; co/y.v I /2 (or slightly more) length of corolla, sinuate-toothed, translucent, glabrous, obscurely 5-nerved to nerveless; petals 3-3-5 mm long, connate for 3/4 their length, glabrous, obscurely 1-nerved; ovary glabrous. Legumes 70-95 x ca. 5 mm, hard, rl; brittle, somewhat contracted between seeds, surface undulate, glabrous, light greyish brown; margins hardly thickened, yellow. Seeds longitudinal, oblong, 5-6-5 x ca. 3 mm, greyish brown, ± shiny; pleurograin open towards the hilum; funicle scarlet, slightly dilated, reflexed below a once or twice folded scarlet aril (orange before maturity). Distribution and habitat: Western Australia and Northern Territory; in Western Australia from the vicinity of Carnarvon northwards to Derby, then extending eastwards through the southern Kimberley region to Renner Springs in the Northern Territory. Acacia ampliceps has been recorded from two islands in the Dampier Archipelago (Enderby and Lewis Islands) and as far inland as the Rudall River (near Lake Disappointment) in Western Australia. This species typically grows along creeks and rivers where it often forms dense Figure 2— Distribution of Acacia ampliceps. 317 communilies. These watercourses have either sandy or clayey beds and some- times Arthrocnemum species grow in association. In some places along the Eighty Mile Beach A. ampliceps forms small thickets in hollows between the coastal sandhills (see Burbidge, 1944 — there referred to as A. salicma). We.stfrn .\t;sTRALiA: Carnarvon, G. B. Barnett s.n.; Albert Edward Range, J. S. Beard 5636' Millstreatn, A/. /. H. Brooker 2059 (dups. MEL, NSW); Nalgi Station, 80-mile Beach, A. r! Burbidge 1287 and 1351; Base of Mount Brennan, W. V. Fitzgerald 1191; Fitzroy Crossing, Mrs. Guppy 4; 111 km E Broome towards Derby, B. R. Maslin 2676 (dups. AD, B, L, NT); Chinnanion Creek on Port Hedland-Wittenoom road, A R. Maslin 2713; Fortescue River crossing, E of Millstream, B. R. Maslin 2736; Globe Hill, Ashburton River, A. Morrison sn (NSW 107162); 41 mi S of Nicholson Station, R. A. Perry and M. Lazarides 2438 (NSwj PERTH); Rudall River, M. Mclnnes 2 and 7; South Barlee Range. A. Robinson s.n.. Sept! 1959; Bamboo Springs Station. R. D. Roycc 1962; West Lewis Island, Dampier .Archipelago, R. D. Royce 7402; Enderby Island, Dampier Archipelago, R. D. Royce 7478; Woodstock’ 60 miles SW Marble Bar, H. Suijdendurp 1 19. Northern Territory: South of Powells Creek, C. E. F. Alien s.n. (NSW' 107160); near Mataranka homestead, R. Coveny 516 (NSW); Tanami, Jensen s.n. (NSW 107158); Renners Springs homestead. J. R. Maconochie 639 (NT); Roper River, iV. Baldwin Spencer s.n. (NSW 107157); North of MacDonnell Ranges, P. A. White s.n. (NSW 107159). Flowering and fntiling period: Flowers from May to August; mature legumes are present from late August to November. According to Bentham’s classification (1864) A. ampliceps is placed in the Uninerves-Racemosae. Previously this species was known as either A. salicina Lindl. or A. varians Benth. However, A. varians is a taxonomic synonym of A. salicina (see Black, 1920). Bentham applied the name A. salicina to A. ligiilata Cunn. ex Benth! then subsequently described the true A. salicina as A. varians. Mr L. Pedley, while Australian Liaison Officer at Kew in 1971 , supported the above conclusion after consulting the type of A. varians. Having inspected the type collection of A. varians and having seen a photograph of the type of A. salicina, the present author confirms both Black and Pedley 's contention that A. varians is a taxono- mic synonym of A. salicina. Having conducted extensive field work in Queens- land, Pedley noted that A. salicina exhibits considerable phyllode variation; on a single tree the phyllodes can range from extremely broad and somewhat undulate (A. varians) to rather narrow (A. .salicina). The type of A. salicina is from the Lachlan River (near Forbes, NSW) while the type of A. varians is from the Balonne River (near St. George, SE Queensland). Acacia ampliceps occurs in Western Australia and Northern Territory, but does not extend into New South Wales or Queensland. The glabous racemes, the sinuate-toothed calyx, the hard-valved legumes, the longitudinal seeds w ith their scarlet funicles and arils, and the presence of a sub-apical as well as a basal gland on most of the phyllodes, relate A. ampliceps to A. ligulara and A. salicina. From both of these species A. ampliceps is distinguished by its larger flower heads, its narrower legumes, and its less pirominent tuiiicle and aril. Furthermore, A. ampliceps is distinguished from A. Iigtdala by its cream-coloured flower heads and its broader, longer, and more thinly texluied phyllodes. From A. salicina, A. ampliceps is again distinguished by Its phyllodes drying to a light green colour (grey-green in A. salicina) and laving a more prominent midrib, its normally longer and more prominently rugose pulvmus, and its grey-brown, oblong seeds. The growth habit, large and often pendulous phyllodes, glabrous racemes, cimpliceps superficially similar to A. saligna (Labill.) H. Wendl. (a south-west Western Australian species). However, the flowers and legumes of these two species are quite different. ins “ A ampfiefp^^^^^ ^Pithet alludes to the large flower heads which are typical of 318 Figure 3 — Acacia aphylla sp. nov. A — Portion of branch system. B — Legume. C — Flower' I>— Bracteole. E — Seed. F — Funicle (f) and aril (a). A, C, D from B. R. Maslin 669a; B, E, F from R. Wilkie s.n. 2. Acacia aphylla B. R. Maslin sp. nov. (Figures 3, 4B, and 9). Friitex divaricate-raniosus ad 2 m altus : rami spinescentes glabri glauci. Phyllodia ad squamas caducas redacta. PeduncuH solitarii, ad basin sub anthesi ebracteati. Capitida globosa, 26-29 floribus. Fhs 5-merus (petalis interdum 4); sepala ad basin breviter connata, anguste- oblonga; pelala 2 mm longa. Lepumen 30-90 x 3-4 mm, glabrum. Semina longitudinalia, oblonga, 4-4 -5 x 2-2-5 mm, nigra. Type: About 2 mi downstream from Mundarina Weir (Helena River valley), Western Australia’ 4 Aug. 1970, B. R. Maslin 669a. (hole: PERTH; is-': B, CANB, K, MEL, NSW, NY). Divaricately branched shrub to 2 m tall; branches terete, spinescent, finely and sparsely nerved, smooth or finely wrinkled (especially on branchlets), glabrous, conspicuously glaucous. Phyllodes reduced to caducous scales. , 1 metre ■ c 1 t '"•tro „ . ® Acacia aphylla sp.r^o^. C- Acacia microcalyx 320 Peduncles solitary, ca. 10 mm long, glabrous, base ebracteate at anthesis. Flower heads yellow, globular, 6-7 mm diam. at anthesis, with 26-29 densely packed flowers. Bracteoles 1 mm long; claws very short; laminae broad, i ovate, slightly concave, ciliolate, sparsely puberulous abaxially. Flowers 5-merous (petals sometimes 4); sepals 1 /4-1 /3 length of petals, shortly united at the base, narrowly oblong, ciliolate; petals 2 mm long, connate for 1 /3 to i /2 their length, glabrous, nerveless or obscurely 1-nerved; ovary glabrous. Legumes 30-90 .\ 3-4 mm, slightly contracted between the seeds, surface un- dulate, finely reticulate, glabrous, slightly pruinose, purplish grey; marginal nerve obscure (more prominent on young legumes). Seeds longitudinal, oblong, 4-4-5 X 2-2-5 mm, black, somewhat shiny; pleurograin open towards the hilum ; areole ca. 1 - 5 x 0 - 5 mm ; funicle straight and linear, abruptly expanded into a cream-coloured pileiform aril which has narrow fleshy projections on either side and on the back. Distribution and habitat: South-west Western Australia; this species has been recorded from only two localities, viz. the Helena River valley about 3 -4 km downstream from Mundaring Weir, and from Spencers Brook (which is south of Northam). fn both of these areas A. aphylla occurred in hilly country, growing among granite outcrops. Western Australia; Hidden Valley, H. Dentarz 2368; Helena River, 2 mi (3-4 km) down- stream from Mundaring Weir, W.A., 31°57'S and 116"08'E, A. S. George 6113; Spencers Brook, R. D. Rovee 8237; Near Mundaring Weir, Darling Range, R. Witkie s.n., 12 March 1972. Flowering and fruiting period: Flowers from August to October; young legumes appear in October, while mature legumes have been collected in December and March. The divaricate, spinescent, glaucous branches, which are completely devoid of normal phyllodes (reduced to caducous scales), make A. aphylla a very distinctive species in the genus Acacia. The inflorescence characters of this new species are similar to those of A. exocarpoides W. V. Fitz. (which may also appear leafless due to the phyllodes being shed upon collection). However, these two taxa differ in many other respects, e.g. branching pattern, legume and seed morphology. The specific epithet alludes to the absence of normal phyllodes, which is a characteristic feature of this species. 3. Acacia ashbyae B. R. Masiin sp. nov. (Figures 5 and 9). Friitex densus rotundatus 1-5-2 m altus surculis dense tomentosis eburneo-luteolis; ramuli dense tomentosi. Phyllodia variabilia, linearia ad anguste obovata, 30-90 x 1-3 mm, plana ad leretia, parce tomentosa, flavovirentia, nervis mediis marginalibusque tenuibus. Gians in margine supero phyllodii, 10-20 mm supra pulvinum. Inflorescentia racemus brevis axillaris ab bracteis 4 brunneis subtentus; axis racemi surculum saepe faciens. Capitiita ovoidea, Flos 5-merus; calyx breviter obtuse-lobatus; petala 2 mm longa. Legumen ca. 35 x 3 mm. dense tomentosum. Semina longitudinalia, oblonga, 3 -5-4 x 2-2-5 mm. Type- Naraling, Western Australia, 27 Aug. 1972, A. M. Ashby 4584 (hole: PERTH; iso: AD, CANB, K, NY). Dense, spreading, rounded shrub I -5-2 m tall and ca. 2 m diam.; new shoots densely tomentose (hairs white to creamy white); hark smooth, grey; branches terete, finely ribbed, densely tomentose (hairs ± matted or appressed). Stipules caducous. Phyllodes variable, linear to narrowly obovate, 30-90 x 1-3 mm, flat (but slightly thickened) to ± terete, moderately tomentose (hairs confined to pulvinar region on older phyllodes), yellowish green, faintly wrinkled, central and marginal nerves fine (normally recessed upon drying), upper margin medially sulcate at the dilated base (more prominent in broad phyllodes), apex obtuse and obliquely mucronate; pulvinus 1-1 -5 mm long, 321 <1 Figure 5 — Acacia ashbyae sp. nov. A — Portion of branch system. B to G — Phyllode varia- tion. H — Phyllode showing pulvinus (p) and gland (g). I — Flower. J — Bracteoles. —Inflorescence. L — Inflorescence showing shoot developing at apex of raceme axis. —Legume. N — Seed. H-J from A. M. Ashby 2909; B from Chambers 91 ; C from Burns 22; D from Queensland Forestry Department; E, K from A. M. Ashby 1593; F from A. M. Ashby 4590; G from A. M. Ashby 2279; L, M, N from A. M. Ashby 4585. transversely rugose. Gland situated on upper margin of phyllode 10-20 mm above the pulvinus, rarely with a second gland below the apical mucrone, circular to oblong, 0-5-0 -6 mm diam., lip not prominent. Inflorescence a short axillary raceme which is subtended by ca. 4 ± persistent, brown, scarious, ciliolatc bracts (basipetally decreasing in size), the larger of which are finely 6-8 nerved; raceme axis 1-3 mm long, densely white tomentose, often growing out as a new shoot at the apex; peduncles 1-2 per raceme, 7-11 mm long, densely white tomentose, subtending bract solitary. Flower heads ovoid, 6-10 X 5-7 mm at anthesis. Bracleoles ca. 2 mm long, protruding froni between adjacent flowers in the bud; claws short; laminae i concave, acuminate, sparsely to moderately tomentose abaxially. Flowers 5-merous; calyx 1 /2 (or slightly more) length of corolla, divided from 1 /6-1 /4 its length into obtuse puberulous lobes, tube nerveless and glabrescent; petals 2 mm long, connate for ca. 1 /2 their length, obscurely 1-nerved, glabrous or sparsely puberulous; ovary sessile, sparsely papillate. Legumes narrowly oblong, ca. 35 x 3 mm, i brittle, slightly contracted between seeds, surface undulate, densely tomentose, greyish brown; margins hardly thickened, yellow. Seeds longitudinal, oblong, 3-5-4 x 2-2-5 mm, greyish brown, dull; pleurogram continuous or open towards the hilum ; areole ca. 1 - 5 x 0 - 5 mm ; fiinicle liliform, abruptly expanded into a thickened, once folded, wrinkled, yellowish aril which is narrowed at the hilum. Distribution and habitat: Western Australia; chiefly occurring in the region between Ogilvie (which is 24 km north of Northampton) and Mullewa, but has been recorded from as far south as Coorow. Acacia ashhyae is not common throughout its range although in some places where disturbance has occurred (e.g. road verges) it does regenerate prolitically. Western Australia: Rock Well, A. M. Ashbv 1593 (dup. AD) and 2279; Between Naraling and Rock Well, A. M. Ashby 2909 (dup. AD); Naraling, A. M. Ashby 4585 and 4590 (dups. AD, BRI, MEL, NSW); East of Ogilvie, A. C. Burns 22; Coorow, 5. Chambers 91; 10 mi north of Mullewa, J. Goodwin 142 (UWA); Cultivated at Dalby, Queensland, Forestry Department. Flowering and fruiting period: Flowers from July to September; mature legumes present in November. Although A. ashbyae appears to occur in the Uninverves-Racemosae (Bentham, 1864), the ovoid flower heads and sometimes i terete phyllodes are unusual for this group. In addition, the racemes are somewhat atypical in that they are modified to 1-2 pedunculate flower heads borne on a short axis, the distal end of which often develops into a new shoot (sc: Figure 5L). The densely tomentose peduncles and new shoots (hairs white to cream), the modified racemes, the brown scarious ± persistent inflorescence bracts, the ovoid flower heads, and the obliquely mucronate phyllodes, give A. ashbyae a distinctive appearance. This species is named in honour of Miss A. M. Ashby, who, for many years has made valuable collections of the Western Australian flora. 4. Acacia inicrocalyx B. R. Maslin sp. nov. (Figures 4C, 6, and 9). Frutex densiis ramosissinius roiundatus 1 -5-3 m altus; ramuH spinescentes glabri. Phyllodia linearia 20-50 x 1-3 mm, glabra, obscure nervosa. Gians in margine supero phyllodii, 2-10 mm supra pulvinum. Inflorescenlia plerumque racemus brevis axillaris. Capitida globosa, luteola. Bracleolae minutae. Flos 5-merus, glaber; calyx truncata, enervis; petala 2-2-5 rnm longa, ± enervia. Legumen ± moniliformis, solide chartaceum, glabrum. Semina longiludinalia, globosa ad elliptica. Type: 28 mi W of Overlander, on Shark Bay road, Western Australia, 19 Feb. 1962, A. S. George 3241 (holo: PERTH; iso: K). 323 19787 — 12 ) Figure 6— Acacia microcalyx sp. nov. A — Portion of branch system. B to D— Phyllode variation. E — Base of phyllode showing pulvinus (p) and gland (g). F — Short lateral branch with terminal raceme. G — Axillary raceme with abortive terminal flower heads. H — Stipitate ovary. T, J — Flower showing reduced calyx (c). K, L — Bracteoles. M, N— Seeds. O — Legume. A, D, E, G-K,, N from A. S. George 3241; B, C, M, O from B. R. Maslin 2774; F from S. M. G. Carr 409; L from E. M. Scrymgeour 300. Dense, profusely branched, ± rounded shrub 1 -5-3 m tall; hark smooth, light grey on main branches, grey-green on branchlets (ashy grey after immersion in alcohol); branchlets straight, * spinescent, terete, finely striate (striae 0-5-1 mm apart), glabrous. Stipules caducous. Phylhdes readily shed upon collection, linear, 20-50 x 1-3 mm, straight or curved, patent to ascending, flat, glabrous, light grey-green (ashy grey after immersion in alcohol), midrib and lateral veins obscure, faintly wrinkled; apkulum short, straight or uncinate, brown; piilvinus short, slightly dilated. Gland situated on upper margin of phyllodc 2-10 mm above the pulvinus, circular to oblong, lip not prominent, orifice brown. Inflorescence a short axillary (rarely terminal) raceme, sometimes reduced to solitary flower heads borne on short lateral branches (these branches may appear racemose due to phyllode reduction); raceme axis 7-14(20) mm long, glabrous, apex i narrowed and bearing 1-3 abortive flower heads: peduncles 7-15 mm long, glabrous, base cbracteatc at anthesis. Flower heads cream, globular, 5-6 mm diam. at anthesis, with 14-16 loosely arranged flowers. Bracteoles minute (ca. 0-5 mm long), glabrous; claws short; laminae ± elliptic, slightly concave. Flowers 5-merous, glabrous, obovoid in bud; calyx 1 /4 (or less) length of corolla, truncate, insignificantly toothed, nerveless; petals 2-2-5 mm long, connate for ca. I /2 their length, nerveless; ovary stipitate. Legumes di moniliform, to 20 cm long and 1 cm wide, pendulous, firmly chartaceous, glabrous, dark to medium brown. Seeds longitudinal, globose to dr elliptic, 8-9 x 7-9 x 3-9 mm, dark brown to black, shiny; pleuro- gram continuous or open towards the hilum, often bordered by a band of yellow tissue; areole 3-7 x 1 -5-5 mm, often a lighter brown than rest of seed; funicle short and filiform, expanded into a thickened straight aril which is often bordered by two narrow fleshy wing-like projections (these disappear with age). Distribution and habitat: Western Australia; most common in the Shark Bay district from near Denham to the North West Coastal Highway around the 26® parallel. Acacia microcalyx has also been collected from Belele Station which is 60 km due north west of Meekatharra. Around Shark Bay this species grows on flat or undulating country in brown loamy sand in association with Atriplex and Artbrocnemum species, ft appears to be absent from the low rocky hills which occur in this area. The specimen from Belele was collected from a saline area in clayey loamy soil. Western Australia: 26 parallel. North West Coastal Highway, T. E. H. Apliu 5214 (dups. CANB, MEL, NY, NSW): 26° parallel. North West Coastal Highway, A. M. Ashby 3204; 13 mi from Denham on road to North West Coastal Highway, S. G. M. Carr 409 (dup. MEL); Belele Station, NW of Meekatharra, R. Hacker s.n,, Aug. 1970; 26“ parallel. North West Coastal Highway, B. R. Mastin 2774; 2 - 1 m E of “ The Loop ” turn-off, £. M. Scrymgeour 300. Flowering and fruiting period: Flowers from February to March; mature legumes have been collected in December and March. Acacia microcalyx appears to fall in the Uninerves-Racemosae (Bentham, 1864), but the ± spinescent branchlets are unusual for this group. The inflorescence and seed characters indicate that A. microcalyx is most closely related to A. sclerosperma F. Muell. but it is readily distinguished from this species by its - spinescent branchlets, its fewer and smaller phyllodes, and its firmly chartaceous legumes. Acacia microcalyx superficially resembles A. exocarpoides W. V. Fitz. (Calamiformes-Plurinerves). Both these species have long, __ moniliform legumes, and straight, terete, ± spinescent branchlets which are often devoid of phyllodes (shed upon collection). However, A. microcalyx is recognised by its flat phyllodes, its normally racemose inflorescences, and its truncate calyx. The specific epithet refers to the reduced calyx which is often less than one quarter the length of the corolla. 325 Figure 1— Acacia pachypoda sp. nov. A— Portion of branch system. B — Young inflores- cence enclosed by conspicuous bracts. C— Raceme showing bract scars (s) on the axis, and new shoot (sh) developing at the apex. D— Flower (from below). E— Flower (side view). F~Seed with minute funicle (f) and pileiform aril (a). G— Legume. H— Phyllode showing dilated base. A, C, E from P. G. Wilson 7756; B from K. Newbey 2559; D, H from R. D. Royce 3464; F, G from B. R. Maslin 2485. 5. Acacia pachypoda B. R. Maslin sp. nov. (Figures 7 and 9). Frutex ramosissimus paulo dilfusus ad 0 • 7 m altus, I -2 m diametro. Phyllodia rigida, teretia, patentia yel ascendentia, glabra, basibus manifesto dilatatis; pulvinus nullus. Inflorescentia racemus brevis axillaris oracteas i 12 magnas caducas scariosas brunneas ferens, bracteis 326 superioris capitula juvenia includentibus. Capitula globosa, luteola, ca. 8-floribus. Bract- e^ae nullae. hlos 5-merus, glaber; calyx cupulatus breviter et irregulariter lobatus; petala libera, linearia ad lineari-spathulata, 1 mm longa vel minora. Legumen lineare, sub-bicon- vexum, glabrum. Semina longitudinalia, oblonga, atro-brunnea. Type: 5 mi N of Norseman, Western Australia. 8 Aug. 1951, R. D. 3464 (holo: PERTH; iso: K). Much branched, rather diffuse shrub to 0-7 m tall and 1-2 m in dia- meter; branches terete, glabrous; epidermis light to medium grey and often peeling. Stipules caducous. Phyllodes rigid, terete, 7-26 mm long, pungent, straight to slightly curved, patent to i ascending, smooth or slightly wrinkled, glabrous, pale green, nerveless, base prominently dilated; pidvinus absent. Gland inconspicuous, situated on upper surface of phyllode 1-2 mm from the base. Inflorescence a short axillary raceme bearing ca. 12 large, caducous, brown, glabrous, finely striate, scarious bracts (basipetally decreasing in size), the upper ones enclosing the developing flower heads; raceme axis ca. 1 mm long, glabrous, growing out as a new shoot at the apex; peduncles 2-3 per raceme, 5-7 mm long, glabrous. Flower heads cream, globular, 3-5 mm diam. at anthesis, with ca. 8 flowers. Bracteoles absent. Flowers 5-merou.s, glabrous; calyx cupular, less than 0-5 mm long, irregularly shortly lobed, nerveless; petals I mm (or less) long, free, linear to linear spathulate, nerveless; ovary shortly stipiate. Legumes linear, 40-50 x 2-3 mm, sub-biconvex, not contracted between the seeds, glabrous, grey-brown; margins not thickened, yellow. Seed (only one near-mature sample seen) longitudinal, oblong, 3-5^ x 1 -5-2 mm, dark brown to blackish, shiny; pleurogram fine, open towards the hilum; areole ca. 1 x 0-5 mm; funicle minute, filiform, abruptly thickened into a pileiform aril. Distribution and habitat: Western Australia; southern goldfields region from near Coolgardie southwards to Kumarl (which is 65 km south of Norseman). Acacia pachypoda grows in either rocky brown loam on hillsides or in grey clay on lowlying flatter areas. This species favours shady situations in woodlands where there is not much ground shrub cover. Western Australia: Widgiemooltha area, M. M. Cole 7181 ; 8 kni from Norseman towards Coolgardie, B. R. Maslin 2482; Near Moir Rock, B. R. Maslin 2485; 10 mi S of Coolgardie, K. Newbey 2559; 10 km N of Norseman, P. G. Wilson 7756 (dup. CANB). Flowering and fruiting period: Flowers in August and September; legumes almost mature in mid-December. Although A. pachypoda appears to occur in the Pungentes-Plurinerves (Bentham, 1864), the nerveless phyllodes and the racemose inflorescences are unusual for this group. In that this new species has short, terete, pungent phyllodes which lack a pulvinus, it superficially resembles A. colletioides Benth. and A. nyssophylla F. Muell. Flowever, A. pachypoda is readily distinguished from these two species by its nerveless phyllodes with prominently dilated bases, its short racemose inflorescences enclosed by large brown bracts in the bud, its lack of bracteoles, its calyx and corolla morphology, and its pileiform aril. The specific epithet alludes to the prominently dilated phyllode bases, which are diagnostic for this species. 6. Acacia redolens B. R. Maslin sp. nov. (Figures 8 and 9). Frutex densus expansus saepe rotundatus 1-2(4) m altus, 2-7 m diametro, interdum prostratus, similis vanillae odoratus; ramiili resinoso-costati, circa phyllodia minute tomentosi. Phyllodia anguste-elliptica ad-obovata, 9-13-nervia. Inflorescentia racemus brevis axillaris; pedunculis 2-5 per racemo. Capitula 4-5 m diam., 20-30-floribus. Flos 5-merus, glaber praeter ovarium, aliquantum resinosus; sepala oblonga; petala 1 mm longa. Legumen lineare, glabrum. Semina longitudinalia, oblonga ad elliptica, atro-brunnea. Type: 1 mile east of Ongerup, Western Australia, 16 Sept. 1963, K. Newbey 387D (holo: PERTH; iso: CANB, K, NY). 327 Figure i~Acacia redolens sp. nov. A— Portion of branch system. B to E— Phyllode varia- tion showing gland (g) position. F— Flower. G— Petal. H— Bracteoles. I— Seeds J — Legume. A, E, H from K. Newbey 387D; B, F, G from K. Newbey 2634- D from P. G. Wilson 10151; 1, J from B. R. Maslin 2573. C from W. E. Blackall 3034; Dense, spreading, often rounded, fragrajit (vanilla scented) shruh, 1-2(4) ni tall (occasionally prostrate) and 2-7 m in diameter; bark smooth, grey; branches with prominent, rugose, yellow, resinous ribs (resin soluble in alcohol), minutely tomentose around phyllodc base. Stipules caducous. Phyllocles narrowly elliptic to narrowly obovate, 25-50(60) x (2)6- 10(13) mm, straight to slightly falcate, glabrous (except around the pulvinus), grey green to glaucous, 9-13 nerved (3-4 primary nerves diverging from the pulvinar region, intervening nerves less conspicuous), sparsely reticulate, nerves resinous (resin soluble in alcohol), minutely apiculate; pulvinus cylindrical, ca. 2 mm long, obscurely transversely rugose, densely and minutely tomentose especially on upper surface. Gland not prominent, situated on upper margin of phyllode at distal end of the pulvinus, lamina tissue often swollen around the gland. Inflorescence a solitary short axillary raceme or panicle (sometimes a few inflorescences re- duced to solitary flower heads); a.\is 2 -5-20 mm long, normally densely tomen- tose and resinous; peduncles 2-5 per raceme, 2-5-4 mm long, indumentum as on axis, subtending bract small and solitary. Flower heads yellow, globular, 4-5 mm diam. at anthesis, with 20-30 densely packed (lowers. Bracteoles ca. 0-8 mm long, glabrous; claws linear: laminae sub-peltate. Flowers 5- merous, glabrous (except for ovary) and somewhat resinous; sepals 2/3-3 /4 length of petals, shortly united at the base, oblong, obscurely I -nerved, slightly thickened and indexed at the apex; petals I mm long, free, obscurely 1 -nerved; ovary very sparsely papillate. Legumes linear, 20-60 x 2-3 mm, slightly con- tracted between the seeds, surface prominently undulate, glabrous, slightly resinous, light brown; margins slightly thickened. Seeds longitudinal, oblong to elliptic, 3-5-4 x 2-2-5 mm, dark brown to blackish, ± shiny; pleurogram open tow'ards the hilum; areole ca. 2 x 1 mm; funicle often flattened, reflexed below a once or twice folded, Jr convoluted, thickened, cream or white coloured aril which is dr dilated at the hilum. Distribution and habitat: South-west Western Australia; southern regions from about Ongerup to Ravensthorpe and extending north'vvards to Pingrup and Newdegate. Acacia redolens grows in slightly saline or alkaline loam or clay often in association with Salmon Gums {Eucalyptus salmonophloia F. Muell.). Tn the northern parts of its range (around Pingrup and Newdegate) this species often grows with Stocking Gum {E. kondininensis Maiden and Blakely) in sandy loamy soil around the margins of salt lakes. For further details see discussion below. Western Australia: Pingrup, W. E. Blackall 3034; Ongerup, E. M. Canning 7437; South of Mount Madden, J. Goodwin 226 (UWA); 9-6 km E of Ravensthorpe towards Esperance, S. R. Mastin 2573; ca. 12 mi NW of Ravensthorpe, K. Newhey 2634; 312 mile post on Lake King-Ravensthorpe road, R. A. Saff'rey 349 (duplicates at BRI, MEL, NSW); Fitzgerald River Reserve, P. G. Wilson 10151. Flowering and fruiting period: Flowers from August to October; mature legumes present in December. According to Bentham’s classification (1864) A. redolens is placed in the Pltirinerves-Nervosae. Acacia redolens appears to be most closely related to A. ixiophyUa Benth. The latter species is also resinous (but the resin is more generally distributed over the branch and phyllode surface, not confined to ribs as in /(. redolens) and has short axillary racemes (but always with two flower heads). Acacia redolens is further distinguished from A. ixiophyUa by its normally larger, narrowly elliptic to narrowly obovate phyllodes (which have more prominent primary nerves and fewer anastomoses), and by its gland being positioned at the distal end of the pulvinus (not some millimetres above it as in /t. ixiophyUa). In its phyllode morphology A. redolens superficially resembles A. cyclops Cunn. ex Don (which, like A. ixiophyUa, has racemes consisting of two flower 329 Figure 9— Distribution of Acacia aphylh, A. ashbyae, A. microcalyx, A. pachypoda, and A. redo lens. 330 heads). However, A. cyclops can be readily recognized by its glabrous and non-resinous branchlets, raceme axes, and peduncles, by its shortly lobed calyx, by its larger llower heads, legumes, and seeds, and by its orange or scarlet funicle which encircles the seed. In the Ongerup-Ravensthorpe area A. reclolens grows as a dense, i rounded shrub, 1-2 m tall. Further north, however, this species becomes more upright and openly branched (reaching 3 m tall). In the lower Fitzgerald River area (south-west of Ravensthorpe) A. reclolens grows into a moderately dense shrub up to 4 m tall. In 1962, Mr. R. Pecoff of Pecoff Brothers Nursery, California, collected seed of A. redolens from plants growing at Ongerup. The seedlings which were subsequently germinated produced some forms that were more prostrate than others. As the species at that time was not described, Pecoff registered the cultivar name “ Ongerup ” for the most prostrate plant, and all his stock since has been grown from cuttings derived from this original specimen. This species is now grown in Florida, Georgia, Texas, Arizona, and California, where it is used in soil erosion control programmes, in the landscaping of median strips on highways, and in the reclamation of dredged soils containing sand, sodium salt, sea shells, and clay. Acacia reclolens has a deep fibrous root system; it grows exceptionally well (in the U.S.A.) on the coast under extreme conditions without any wind burn damage. (Above information from Pecoff Brothers Nursery Catalogue, 1968, and from Mr. K. Newbey, pers. comm.) The specific epithet alludes to the distinctive odour (vanilla scented) which is emitted from the plants, especially during the hotter part of the day. Acknowledgements The author expresses his appreciation of the generous assistance given by the following people:— Miss Alison Ashby, Mr. Ken Newbey, and Mr. Garry Phillips for their field observations on some of the species contained herein; Mr. Alex George for providing the latin descriptions; Mr. John Maconochie for information concerning A. ampliceps and A. salicinci in Northern Territory; Mr. John Maslin for drafting the distribution maps of Western Australia; Mr. Les Pedley who, as Botanical Liaison Officer at Kew in 1971, checked the type of A. varians and also made valuable comments concerning A. salicina; Dr. Mary Tindale for information concerning A. ampliceps at the National Herbarium, Sydney (NSW); and the Director, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, for the loan of the type of A. varians. References Bentham, G. (1864)— Flora Australiensis, vol. 2. Reeve, London. Black, J. M. (1920)— Addition to the flora of South Australia, no. 18. Trans. Roy. Soc. 44: 374-378. Boke, N. H. (1940)— Histogenesis and morphology of the phyllodes in certain species of Acacia. Amer. Journ. Bot. 27(2): 73-89. Burbidge, N. T. (1944) — Ecological notes on the vegetation of the 80-mile Beach. Journ. Roy. Soc. W.A. 28: 157-164. Jackson, B. D. (1928)— A glossary of botanic terms, ed. 4. Hafner, New York. 331 Studies in the genus Acacia — 3 — The taxonomy of A. saligna (Labill.) H. Wendl. By B. R. Maslin Abstract Confusion over the application of the two names Acacia saligna (Labill.) H. Wendl. (1820) and A. cyanophylla Lindl. (1839) is discussed. These two species are considered to be synonymous. Acacia saligna is lectotypifled, a description is provided, and the morphological variation is discussed. Introduction The application of the two names A. saligna (Labill.) H. Wendl. and A. cyanophylla Lindl. has long been a source of confusion for taxonomists. Ben- tham (1837) regarded these species as synonymous, but in 1842 and 1864 he treated them as separate taxa (commenting on their similarity). Herbert (1920) discussed the differences between what he believed to be A. saligna and A. cyanophylla. It is worth noting that Herbert erroneously gave the type locality of A. saligna as King George Sound (which is Albany, 300 miles west of the actual type locality, Esperance). The state of confusion between these two species has been carried over to the present day. Neither Bentham nor Herbert saw the type collection of A. saligna', had they done so they would have seen that it consisted of a mixture of two taxa (see below). The lectotype of A. saligna as here selected represents the same taxon that was later described as A. cyanophylla. Actually, what Bentham and Herbert thought to be two separate taxa are in fact the one variable species, A. saligna. Type specimens Acacia saligna (Labill.) H. Wendl. (1820) was based on Mimosa saligna Labill. (1807). At Florence (FI), where much of Labillardiere’s collection is housed, there are four sheets which could have been used for drawing up the description of M. saligna (see Figure 1). This possible syntype material is a mixture of two taxa: one sheet is A. saligna (sensu lectotypico — Figure IB); one sheet is A. ligulata Cunn. ex Benth. (attached to this is Labillardiere’s manu- script description of Mimosa saligna and, in addition, this sheet is labelled “ Typus ”, which in view of the present lectotypification is incorrect — Figure 1C); while the two remaining sheets carry a mixture of these ta.\a (Figures lA and ID). The left hand specimen on the mi.xed sheet labelled “ Herb. Web- bianum. Ex Herb. Labillardiere. Terra Diemen ” (with no other details) is here selected as the lectotype of A. saligna (Figure lA). This specimen represents the taxon later described as A. cyanophylla Lindl., which therefore becomes a taxonomic synonym of A. saligna. In order to preserve current usage, none of the specimens of A. ligulata were chosen as the lectotype of A. saligna At Melbourne (MEL) there are two fragments (ex FI) from Labillardiere’s collec- tion; these are A. saligna and A. ligulata. The particular form of A. ligulata represented in the type collection differs (in part) from A. saligna in that its phyllodes are shorter, narrower and have less prominent midribs, and its calyx is smaller and sinuate-toothed Labil- lardiere apparently recognized these differences but was unsure of their signifi- cance, for pinned to the A. saligna sheet (Figure IB) is the following note in his hand ” varietas ? fol. angustioribus, brevioribusque. in floribus omnia eadem calyce tamen mmori, dentibusque brevioribus.”. Undoubtedly this note refers to A. ligulata, but it has erroneously been attached to the A. saligna specimen. 332 Figure 1— Type collection of saligna at Florence. Acacia Ugidata (right hand specimen) and lectotype of A. saligna (left hand specimen). Acacia saligna. C—Acacia Ugidata (incorrectly labelled “ Typus ”). Ti^Acacia Ugidata (right hand specimen) and A. saligna (left hand specimen). 333 In the original description of Mimosa saligna, no mention is made of a narrow phyllode variety (although De Candolle, 1825, p. 450, did comment on this point). Labillardiere apparently combined the characters of A. saligna and A. ligulata in his description, but the plate accompanying this text definitely depicts A. saligna. The type of A. cyanophylla is at Cambridge (CGE), and a photograph of it has been seen by the author. It was collected by Capt. James Mangles from the Swan River (i.e. in the vicinity of Perth on the west coast of Western Australia). Historical notes Labillardiere was one of the naturalists who accompanied the D’Entre- casteau expedition that landed in Western Australia at Esperance Bay* and again in Tasmania (Terre Van Diemen) in 1792-93 while searching for the lost La Perouse expedition. Labillardiere made collections from one of the islands in the Bay (perhaps Woody Island — see Willis, 1953) and also from the nearby mainland while searching for a lost member of the expedition. Willis (1953 and 1959) does not list A. saligna for any of the Recherche islands that he visited. However, on the mainland, at least around Esperance, A. saligna and A. ligulata occur together, thus explaining the mixture of type material at Florence. Considering this, and also because neither A. saligna nor A. ligulata occurs in Tasmania, it is apparent that the locality “ capite Van-Diemen ” given in the original description (“ Terra Diemen ” on the lectotype) of A. saligna is an error. The correct locality should have been “ terra Van Leuwin ”, a name which Labillardiere used to refer to Esperance Bay (see Stafleu, 1967 p. 24). A similar error in locality citation has occurred in Leptospermum sericeum Labill. (see Gardner, 1964, p. 61). Taxonomy Acacia saligna (Labill.) H. Wendl., Comment. Acac. 4, 26 (1820).— Figs. 2 & 3. Mimosa saligna Labill., Nov. Holl. Plant. Specim. 2:86 t.235 (1807). Lectotype: “ Terra Diemen. Herb. Webbianum. Ex Herb. Labillardiere” — left hand specimen. (FI photograph seen.) Acacia cyanophylla Lindl. Edward’s Bot. Reg. 25: Misc. 45 (1839). Holotype: Swan River, J. Mangles. (CGE — photograph seen.) Dense shrub or small tree 2-6(10) m tall; trunk solitary or dividing near base into a few main branches; bark smooth and grey to red brown on branch- lets and juvenile plants, dark grey and fissured with age; branchlets often pendu- lous, terete but often flattened towards the apex, normally slightly flexuose, finely ribbed, glabrous, often glaucous when young. Stipules caducous’ Phyllodes variable, linear to lanceolate, 8-25 x 0-4-2 0 cm (often much larger towards the base of the plant, 20-32 x (3)4-8 cm), straight or falcate, often pendulous, glabrous, green to glaucous, dull to shiny, midrib conspicuous lateral veins fine (absent on very narrow phyllodes); pulvinus 1-2(3) mm long’ rugose. Gland solitary, situated on upper margin of phyllode at (or near) distal end of pulvinus, oblong to circular, 1-2 mm diam. Inflorescence race- mose (occasionally reduced to a single flower head), axillary but sometimes terminal; axis 0-3-3(6) cm long, glabrous; peduncles (1)2-10(13) per raceme 5-15 mm long (to 25 mm when in fruit), glabrous. Flower heads bright yellow’ globular, (5)7-8(10) mm diam. at anthesis, with 25-55(78) flowers. Bracteoles 1-1-5 mm long, sparsely pilose; claws linear; laminae inflexed. Flowers 5-merous; ca/y.v \ 12-2 13 length of corolla, shortly lobed, lobes obtuse 4- thickened inflexed and glabrous or minutely ciliolate, tube normally glabrous- petals (1 -5)2-3 mm long, connate for 2 /3-3 /4 their length, glabrous, 1-nerved * Esperance is situated on the south coast of Western Australia on Esperance which the Recherche Archipelago extends. Bay, into 334 B.R.f1HSLlM, m3. Figure 2 — Acacia saligna. A — Portion of branch. B — Flower. C — Flower head. D to H — ^Inflorescence variability. I — Legumes. J — Seed. A from C. Andrews s.n.; B-D from A. Morrison s.n.; E from T. E. H. Aplin 830; F-G from A. M. Ashby 3682; H from A. M. Ashby 3672; I from C. A. Gardner s.n. ; J from B R Maslin 3204. Scale: approx, half naf. size Figure 3 — Acacia saligna showing phyllode and gland variability. A from B. R. Maslin 1629; B from B. R. Maslin 1627; C from B. R. Maslin 1628; D from A. M. Ashby 3683; E from A. S. George 1555; F from Long 74; G from A. C. Burns 13; H from Gardner and Blackall s.n.; I from W. E. Blackall 1109; J. from Kimber 178. 336 -ri6/ (nerve often indistinct); ovary glabrous. Legumes linear, (3)8-12(14) x 0-4- 0- 6 cm, slightly contracted between seeds, surface slightly undulate, glabrous, brown; margins slightly thickened, yellow. Seed longitudinal, oblong to slightly elliptic, (4)5-6 x (2 -5)3 -3 -5 mm. dark brown to black, shiny, pleurogram prominent, continuous, often bordered by light coloured tissue; areole 3-3 -5 x 1- 1-5 mm-, juiiicle clavate, straight (occasionally folded), yellowish, narrowed and dark brown at the hiltim. Distribution and hahiUit: (Fig. 4) South-west Western Australia: in general terms, west of a line extending from the Murchison River (around Ajana) to Mount Ragged (which is about 150 km east north east of Esperance). This species is also cultivated in the Eastern States as well as abroad — see below. Acacia saligna is very common on the poor sandy soils of the Swan Coastal Plain from about Gingin southward to Busselton, and also on the heavier clayey soil around Geraldton. Tn many places, for example the sandplains north of Gingin, the Darling Range, ancl the Great Southern (from about Williams southward to Manjimtip and Mount Barker), A. saligna is more or less restricted to creeks and rivers. It is c|uite common along the south coast from Albany to Esperance, but it is best developed in the deep sands and loams associated with the water courses throughout this area. In the wheatbelt (from about Kellerberrin to Lake King), A. saligna is restricted to the base of many of the large granite rocks which are common there, e.g. Jilakin Rock, Merredin Rock, Pallarup Rocks, and Mounts Hampton, Stirling, and Gibbs. In places, A. saligna occurs on the coastal dune system, here it often forms dense thickets in the hollows between the sand hills. Western Australia: Gingin, W. B. Alexander s.n,, Sept. 1919; Claremont, C. Andrews s.n., Aug. 1902; Pingeily, T. E. H. Aplin 830; Near Lake Muir, A. M. Ashhy 3672 (ciup. RSA); Near East Cranbrook. A. M. Ashhy 3682 (tiup. E); North of Cranbrook, A. M. Ashby 3683 (dup. NSW); Mount Gibbs, J. S. Beard 3710; Banks of Murchison River. Galena, IV. E. Btaekall 609; Gibsons Soak, IV. E. Blackall 1109; 36 mi west of Dalwallinu, At. I. H. Brooker 1910; 3 mi north of Geraldton, A. C. Burns 13; Munladgin, E. T. Bailey 147; Esperance, C. A. Gardner s.n., 18 Dec. 1940; Mount Stirling, C. A. Gardner 6527; Cape Le Grand, C. A. Gardner 14119; Banks of Gairdner River, Gardner and Blackall s.n., Oct. 1928; Pallarup Rocks. A. S. George 1555; Mount Barker, Goadhy s.n., Oct. 1898; 14 mi west of Northam, J. W. Green 539; Yanchep National Park, A. At. James 287; T3wellingup area, F. C. Kimber 178; 30 mi east of Geraldton, Long 74; Wongan Hills, Lullfitz 1646; Jilakin Rock. C. V. Afal- colm s.n., 24 Oct. 1959; Perth metropolitan area, B. R. Ataslln 1627, 1628, 1629 (dups. NSW); Esperance, B. R. Afaslin 3204; Mount Hampton, N. L. AfcKenzie 252; Cannington, A. AtorrI.wn s.n., 1 Aug. 1903; I mi east of Ongerup, K. Newhey 557; West Australia, Oldfield s.n. (ex MEL); Merredin, R. D. Rovee 9051; Near Moora, F. W. Wen! 120; Mount Ragged, P. G. Wilson 10,090 (dup. K). Flowering and fruiling periods: Flowers from August to October; mature legumes present from November to January. Domin (1923) described A. cyanophyUa var. donienii from material col- lected by A. A. Dorrien-Smith from Yallingup and Cape Naturaliste. Although I have not seen the type, I have made collections in the above region, and it appears as though var. dorrienii is in fact, A. rosteUifera. Bentham (1864) gave A. leiophylla Benth. as a synonym of A. saligna. Having examined photographs of the syntypes of A. leiophylla (“ King George’s Sound, Baxter ” — in flower and in fruit), I think Bentham was incorrect when he effected this synonymy. However, until the types of A. leiophylla have been critically examined, the identity of this species remains in doubt. As mentioned above, A. saligna is a polymorphic species and its range of variation includes A. cyanophyUa. In general, previous authors have attempted to distinguish these two species by using habit, phyllode and funicle mor- phology, number of flowers per flower head, and petal nervation. However, these are variable characters and cannot be used to separate A. saligna and A. cyanophyUa. 337 338 Acacia saligna is commonly a shrub, but it also grows into a small tree, especially in areas away from competition with other plants. The young shrubs, particularly on the Swan Coastal Plain, often have a dense glaucous foliage with conspicuously larger phyllodes towards the base of the plant. However, in other areas (c.g. around Geraldlon) the larger basal phyllodes are absent and the foliage is not at all glaucous. As is evident from herbarium specimens as well as from field observations, the shape and size of the mature phyllodes vary considerably (Figure 3). The raceme a.xis ranges from 0-3 to 3(6) cm in length and bears (1)2-10(13) flower heads of 22-55(78) flowers. On a single specimen the axis can vary from 0 - 3 to 1 - 8 cm and the flowers from 26-42 per head. Sometimes the inflorescence is reduced to a single flower head with the peduncle articulated on a very short raceme axis (Figure 2G). Occasionally the apex of the raceme axis develops into a vegetative shoot: this has been observed on some individuals from the Gcraldton and Wheatbelt regions. The funicle is normally clavate and yellowish with a brown coloured constriction at the hilum. Occasionally it is folded in the middle but has never been observed by the author to be thickened and folded at the hilar end as depicted by Herbert (l.c.) in figures 6 and 6a. Acacia saligna appears to be closely related to A. pycnantha Benth. (an Eastern States species); however, the latter is distinguished by its stouter raceme axes and peduncles, its prominently tapered phyllode bases, its longer pulvinus, and its smaller glands. In its growth habit, phyllode morphology, glabrous racemes, and large flower heads, A. saligna superficially resembles A. umpliceps B. R. Maslin (Nuytsia 1(4): 315). However, the flowers, legumes, and seeds of these two species are quite different. Acacia saligna is occasionally confused with A. microbotrya Benth. and A. rostellifera Benth. but the legumes and seeds of these three species are different, fn addition, A. microbotrya is distinguished by its smaller flower heads, its strigose raceme axes and peduncles, and its less prominent glands, while A. rostellifera differs in its truncate calyx and its phyllodes, which have a small gland near the apical mucrone as well as a marginal gland situated about I cm above the pulvinus. Acacia saligna is an endemic Western Australian species, but it has been extensively cultivated (often under the name, A. cyanophylla) in the Eastern States as well as abroad, both for its horticultural value and as a source of tannin. As a young shrub it is normally quite attractive with its dense, sometimes glaucous, foliage and its bright yellow flower heads. As it matures, however, it often becomes openly branched and somewhat untidy; it is also susceptible to attack by the Gall Rust Uromycladium tcpperiamim (Sacc.) McAlpine (see Gathe, 1971). Acacia saligna makes quick regrowth (both from suckers and from seedlings) after fire or clearing, especially along road verges. The robust seedlings are able to compete successfully with the introduced grasses that also commonly invade these disturbed areas. According to Newbey (1968 and pers. comm.) A. saligna is a good species for soil erosion control because it is quick growing and has an extensive root system. This species was introduced into South Africa around 1845 where it was used to stabilize sand in the Cape Flats area. It has since spread beyond the confines of the Flats and is now considered an un- desirable plant in South Africa (Roux, 1961). Acknowledgements The author wishes to thank the follow'ing people for their valuable assist- ance throughout this study: Mr. A. B. Court, National Herbarium of Victoria, Melbourne, who first drew my attention to the mixture of material at Florence; 339 Mr. G. Chippendale, while Australian Botanical Liaison Officer at Kew, for photographing the type collection of A. saligna at Florence; Mr. J. Maslin for drafting the distribution map contained herein; Messrs. G. Grewar of Esper- ance and K. Newbey of Ongerup for providing me with valuable field observa- tions on A. saligna: and the Director of the National Herbarium of Victoria, Melbourne, for permission to consult fragments of the type collection of A. saligna held by that institution. References Bentham, G. (1837) — Endl. et. al., Enum. Plant. ETueg. page 42. Bentham, G. (1842) — Notes on Minioseae. Lond. J. Bot. 1: 352. Bentham, G. (1864) — Flor. Austral. 2: 364-365. Lovell Reeve and Co., London. De Candolle, A. P. (1825) — Prod. Systematis Naturalis. Vol. 2. Domin’, K. (1923) -New additions to the flora of Australia. Mem Soc. Sci. Boheme 1921-22; 46 (1923). Gardner, C. A. (1964) — Cents. Flor. Austral. Occid. XIIl. J. Roy. Soc. W. Austral. 47(2); 58-64. Gathe, j. (1971) — Host range and symptoms in Western Australia of the gall rust, Uromy- cladiiim lepperiamim. J. Roy. Soc. W. Austral. 54(4); 114-118. Herbert, D. A. (1920) — Confusion between Acacia cyaiwphylla, A. saligna, and A. cyclops. J. Roy. Soc. W. Austral. 6(2); 71-74. Labillardiere, j. j. (1800) — Voyage in search of La Perouse during 1791-94. London. Labillardiere, j. j. (1807)-Nov. Holl. PI. Sp. 2(24); 86 (Mar. 1807) t.235. Lindley, j. (1839) — Acacia cyanophylla. Edward’s Bot. Reg. 25; Misc. 45. Maiden, J. H. (1910) — Records of the earlier French botanists as regards Australian plants J. and Proc. Roy. Soc. N.S. Wales 44; 123-155 t.llI-Xlll. Newbey, K. (1968) — West Australian wildflowers for horticulture. Part 1. Surrey Beatty & Sons, N.S.W. ^ Roux, E. R. (1961)— History of the introduction of Australian Acacias on the Cape Flats S. Afr. J. Sci. 57(4); 99-102. Stafleu, F. a. (1967)— Adanson, Labillardiere, de Candolle. J. Cramer, Germany. Wendland, H. L. (1820) — Commentatio de Acaciis Aphyllis. Hanover. Willis, J. H. (1953) — The Archipelago of the Recherche. Part 3a— Land flora Aust Geogr. Soc, Rep. No. 1. Willis, J. H. (1959)— Plants of the Recherche Archipelago, W.A. Muelleria 1(2); 97-101. 340 A new species of Phebalium from south-eastern New South Wales By P. G. Wilson Abstract Phebalium ellipticum sp. nov. is described from collections made in the mountain ranges to the east of Cooma, New South Wales. It is placed with P. ovatifoUiim and P. squameum in the section Eriostemoides. Phebalium ellipticum P. G. Wilson sp. nov. (Figure 1). Folia elliptica, 20 x 8-35 x 1 5 mm, chartacea, retusa. supra glabra, infra lepidota. Inflores- centiae axillares, ca. 10 mm longae, 2-5 florae; pedicelli ca. 2 mm longi, bracteolis duabus linearibus minulis cadticis ornatis. Sepala libera, ca. 1 mm longa, glabra. Petala elliptica, ca. 5 mm longa, glabra, alba. Stamina petala aequantia, filamentis subulatis glabris, antheris ellipticis retusis. Disai\- ca. 0-5 mm altus, glaber. Ovaiiiim lepidotum; stylus glaber; stigma minutum integrum. Type: East slope of Big Badja Mountain just below summit " Leaning bushy shrub with numerous branches arising from base, ca, 1 m high; common among bushy shrubs above tree line”, 27 Oct. 1972, J. P. Baker 907 (holo: NSW; iso; C.\NB, GAUB.\, K., MEL PERTH). Bushy shrub to 1 - 5 m high. Branches terete, lepidote. sparsely to densely glandular verrucose. Leaves shortly peliolate: lamina flat, elliptical, 20 x 8- 35 X 15 mm, retuse, firmly chartaceous, glabrous above, closely silvery lepidote below. Inflorescences of short axillary 2-5 flowered cymes ca. 10 mm long; bracts subfoliaceous (but small), very reduced upwards, caducous; bracteoles 2, minute and linear, situated in middle of the short (ca. 2 mm) pedicel, caducous. Sepals free, triangular, ca. 1 mm long, fleshy, glabrous (or sparsely lepidote when young). Petals slightly imbricate, elliptical, ca. 5 mm long, glabrous, white. Ovary hemispherical, ca. 1 mm high, silvery lepidote; style slender, terete, glabrous, ca 2 mm long; stigma entire, equal in width to style. Fruit: cocci spreading, quadrate, very shortly apiculate, 3 mm long; seed not seen. Distribution: on mountains south and east of Cooma. in the extreme south- east of New South Wales. New South Wales: "East of Nimitybelle" (= Nimmilabel), head of Howitt's Swamp, 9 Feb. 1908, R. H. Cambage 1862 (NSW. SYD); Big Badja Mtn., ca. 20 mi E of Cooma, alt. ca. 4000 ft., 23 Oct. 1971, J. Webb (GAUBA). This species belongs to the section Eriostemoides whose other two members are Phebalium ovatifolium and P. squameum. The distribution of this section is from Tasmania northwards to the south-eastern extremity of Queensland. Phebalium ellipticum therefore occupies a central position in relation to the distribution of the section as a whole. In a revision of the genus Phebalium by the present author* reference was made in a note under “ Phebalium sp. afl'. squameum ” (p. 95) to a vegetative specimen, Cambage 1862. This specimen belongs to P. ellipticum. It was stated in that paper that the specimen resembled in leaf form the Tasmanian plant P. squameum subsp. retusum. From this taxon it may be clearly distin- guished in the flowering condition by the presence of a lepidote ovary. From P. ovatifolium, to which it also bears a resemblance, it may be distinguished by its much larger leaves and by the absence of the prominent and persistent bracteoles which characterize the former species. Nuytsia 1:1-155 (1970). 341 c»n>iMiN*ViT jr^uU 'f »iV«’ffAliAfJ hAUOHAi UNiVlirSffY OAUBA HIRBAKIUM f'«n« 9* M?v. Sowrti Wft**« N9 0«t, (I i l/« L ) oni ;>•* -it iTlfc *4 ;m juAt |j»}nw OJii'r.y ‘i-iTitt, ftOf .-.f > fj*om eh'*i», f*. ' lOfttrf' '.ij;/* iU'--v«’ ; Mil*. ■V_|rwr*'*»t : ;n I. ■ ‘•■S' i*’ , Figure 1 — Phebalium ellipticum sp. nov. Holotype NSW ex GAUBA, J. P. Baker 907. 342 Phebalium ellipticum is not the same species as the collection Gates no. 12 (from Woods Point, Goulburn River, Victoria) which, in the revision, was referred to as Phebalium sp. aff. squameuni. This collection represents an as yet undescribed species which differs from P. ellipticum most obviously in having lepidote petals and sepals. Acknowledgements I am grateful to Mr. J. P. Baker, of the Department of Botany at the Australian National University, who, through his efforts in obtaining suitable material of Phebalium ellipticum, made this paper possible. 343 Ptilotus alexandri Beni sp. nov. (Amaranthaceae) By G. Beni, F.L.S.* Abstract A description and an illustration are P'^e^ented of a new species of ^ from Western Australia. The type specimens are cited and the resemblance to other taxa is fully discussed. Ptilotus alexandri Beni sp. nov. (Figure 1) Descriplio Herha annua humilis pilosa, plerumque caespites parvos pulviniformes rotundos formans, pleio- vel polystachya, spicis intense roseis ornata. Caules-^m speciminibus exstantibus usque ad 9- e radice fusiformi h^oso (as 20 cm longo) orientes. tl4 cm longi et 0,5-1, 5 mm diametro, centrales erecti, extranei (curvati-) adsrendentes iuveniles graciles teretiusculi, adulti superne sulcati, pallidi- vel sordidi-virides, ranim cinerei. hirsuti, per lotam longitudinein piljs albis dcndroideis, rectanguh-patentibus breviter articulatis, in articulis distincte verticillali-ramosis, 1 1,8 mm (ramulis pilorum ad 0 06 mm) longis vestiti, foliati, rariiis usque ad inflorescentiam umcam indivisi, saepius cum 1-5 ramis lateralibus (fig. lA) onusti vel modice corymbosi-ramosi, ramis ramulisque approxi- malis 1-5 cm longis, pedunculum et rhachidem spicarum formantibus. FoUci integerrima nervo medio subtus prominente, apiculata sive mucronata (niucrone conspicuo ad I mm longo), in statu sicco rugosa et quasi furfuracea, incani-cinerascentia, utrimque villosa (pilis sicut in caulibus, vix maioribus, postea laminae plus minusve adia- cenlibus) ceterum inaequaliai basalia subcoriacea spathulata, ad 15 congesta, usque ad 8 18 cm longa lataque, laminis in petiolum longum (3,5 cm) superne alatum gradatim con- tractis demum glabrcscentia; caulina alterna 1, 8-0,3 cm distantia, satis tenera et semper pilosa’ inferiora angusli-spathulata et distincte petiolata, supenora erectiuscula (fig. lA) obovata basi petioliformi, siimma lanceolata subsessilia, spicas versus ad 0,4 ;0, 2 cm decres- centia. Spicae molles prime subhemisphaericae (1,8 cm diametro), dein conici-oblongae (2,5: 2 cm) demum (oblongi-) cylindraceae ad 3,2 cm longae et 2 cm latae, terminales— singulae ad ternae caules et ramos terminantes— vel laterales pedicellalae, numquam sessiles, hoc mode in racemum subdensum cumulatae, pedicello (ramulo) 1-3 cm fere longo, plerumque folio vel foliis nonniillis praedilo, colore tepalorum conspicuae. Rhachis pilis ad 1 mm longis densissime induta. Flores 30 ad 70 collect!, bracteis duplo fere longiores, apicibus lucidis tepalorum exteri- orum spectabiles. Bracteae hracteolaeque scariosae integerrimae, apice acuminatae, in parte ima spicae post lapsum perianthii superstiles, inaequales: Bractea (fig. IB) ovati-lanceolata, 5-6 mm longa et 1,8-2 mm lata, rigidula, impellucida, fuscescens, apice sensim in mucronem fusciim (0,8 mm) producto, dorso omnino haud densissime piloso, pilis denliculati-nodosis ad 2 mm (denticulis 0,02-0,025 mm) longis, apieem haud attingentibus. Bracleolac (fig. 1C) vix longi- ores sed laliorcs (2,5 mm), oblongi-ovalae, concavae, tenues membranacei-diaphanae, in- coloratae. nitentes, primo carinatulae perianthio arete adpressae, nervo medio in mucronem distinctum notabilem (I mm) dilute fuscum egrediente, pubescentia ad partem medianam restricta, pilis rectis e Carina orientibus. Perianthium gracile primo erectum postea aliquanto aperiens, ad imam basim constriclam induratum, lubum turbinatum circiler 0,7 mm longum, exlus pilis minutis (0,2-0, 6 mm) hirsulum formans. Tepala elongali-linearia, ecarinala, trinervia — nervis lateralibus superne indistinctis — , in lateribus integerrima, haud limbala, primo violacei- (vel purpurei-) rosea, deinde pallescentia; exlus inaequaliter pilis niveis, breviter verticillati-articulatis sicut in bracteis, at longioribus (ad 5 mm), stricti-erectis dein patentibus obsessa, inferne (supra tubum, circiler 1 mm) et superne (sub apieem, 1-2 mm) haud obsessa, inaequiformia; 2 extima (fig. ID) ad 9: 3, 3-0, 6 mm longa lataque, in apice regulariter serrulati-dcnticulata, dente medio conspicue elongate, marginibus sub apieem non multum involulis, extus tantum pilis apieem haud aequantibus munila, intus glabra. 3 interioribus (fig. IE) minora, 7-8 mm longa el 0,25-0,4 mm lata, apieem haud serrulalum versus visu acuminata, marginibus superne involutis, pilis dorsalibus apieem paulum excendentibus, intus supra tubum pilis haud copiosis crispis et parcc intricatis, remotius et indislincte modulosis, ad 2 mm longis, uno seu rarius ambobus lateribus tepali orientibus et partim introflexis obsessa. * Botanische Staatssammlung Miinchen, Germany. 344 Unum tantum stamen fertile (fig. IF, G), 4 staminodia; omnia basim versus gradatim vel rarius plus minusve abrupte ad 0,2-0,35 mm dilatata et coalita in cupulam membranaceam, glabram, inlegerrimam, circiter 0,8 mm altam, tubo perianthii adnatam, anulo libero minimo (0,1-0,13 mm); pseudostaminodia interiecta nulla. Filamenla glabra inferne vittata, superne subulati-filiformia, longitudine differentia (fig. IG): fertile 2,l-2,3 mm, sterilia breviora 1,4-1,7 mm longa. Antherae fiavae subrotundae (circiter 2:1,5 mm), basi bilobae. 1mm Figure l—Ptilotus alexandri Beni. A— Terminal portion of plant (A. S. George no 10152). B-Bract, outer face. C-Bracteole, outer face. D-Outer tepal, outer view. E-Inner tepal, inner view. F— Androecium and gynoecium. G— Staminal cup, opened. H— Pistil. 345 Ovarium subclavatum (fig. IH) lateraliter plus minusve compressum, primo manifesto dein minus distincte stipitatum, ad 2 mm longum (stipite 0,4-0, 5 mm longo incluso) et 0,8 mm latum. Stylus excentricus subrectus gracilis 1,7-2 mm longus, inferne 0,08 mm, supeme 0,04 mm diametro, sicut ovarium glaberrimus. Stigma capitellalum papillosum. Typification. Holotype of species: 6 miles north of Quobba Homestead, north of Carnarvon, W.A. (113° 24' E, 24° 19' S); A. S. George no. 10152, 3 Sept. 1970. (“Annual herb. Flowers deep pink. In sand, on T/vW/t? steppe.”) —PERTH Isotypes: PERTH, AD, BM, CANB, K, M Paratypes: near Notch Point, Dirk Hartog Island, W.A. (113° 10' E 25° 57' S); A. S. George no. 11603, 7 Sept. 1972. (“Ephemeral herb; flowers pink.”)— PERTH, M Habitai. Apparently confined to sandy soils. Associated frequent species in type locality recorded by Mr. A. S. George (letter of 31.V.1973): Triodia pwigeiis. Acacia ligulata, Banksia ashbyi, Dampiera incana, Tliryptomene baeckeacea. “ The vegetation was mostly less than 1 m high and very open.”— On Dirk Hartog Island: “ It appeared to be rare and was growing also on a sandy steppe. The associated dominant plants were Plectracbne sp., and Acacia ligulata ” (A. S. George, 31.V.I973). Material. The description is drawn up from the holotype, a sheet containing three complete plants, a big one branching at base with 8 stems carrying more than two dozen mature spikes, and two smaller ones with 8 developed inflores- cences each. In addition five copiously flowering specimens have been made available which shall be treated as isotypes. Later the considerably scantier plants (3 samples with one, two and five spikes, respectively) from Mr. George’s second discovery were sent to us for investigation through the courtesy of Mr. Robert D. Royce. Thus our studies were based on a total of 1 1 specimens. Discussion The depressed cushion-like habitat of the readily branched small plants forming patches (in the type locality only) points to a growth under rather dry conditions. Most Ptilotus taxa. living in those sandy localities are perennials I or bush-like forms with stems woody at their base. Among the herbaceous species behaving as an annual just a few might be taken into consideration for a faint resemblance to our new western taxo'n, i.e. plants with erect main stems of a similar spreading habit, conspicuously hairy both in their vegetative parts and m outer floral organs (more or less woolly inside the inner tepals, too), and with pedunculate inflorescences of less than about 2-5 cm in diameter: (a) Pi. belipteroides (F. v. Muell.) F. v. Muell. (W.A., S A N T ) in its wo and minor (J M. Black) Eichler ex Beni, ’shows (indis- tinctly) articulate hairs in stems and leaves as well as in perianth-segments, and a flower-colour like that of ale.xandn at anthesis; however the ovary is villous, central and stems may sometimes reach a height of more than half a metre (m var. belipteroides), not forming cushions. (b) Pt. pseiidobelipteroides Beni (in Muelleria 1:105, 1959) known from Queensland only, exhibits some resemblance to the preceding species (var belipteroides) m general appearance, except for flower-colour ^Both taxa produce pseudostaminodia, in contrast to Pt. alexandri. ' (c) Pt. leiicocoma (Moq.) F. v. Muell (S A Dm M q w txt m v • .. jligiUiy branched and rath^slendcr, .hc'sca.teled p,;£sce*e s.e“"a 3 leaves soon being restricted to leaf-axils and different in type from th^flmal indumentum: the articulate hairs being more or less crispy iS vegetative oarts rigid (nodose or minutely denticulate-nodose) in tepals, as is thf case itnos! 346 (a) and (b). None of the three taxa presents dendroid, i.e. distinctly verticillate hairs, anywhere. Furthermore their bracts are completely glabrous. They, therefore, do not approach our plant in question. (d) Pt. eichlerams Beni (in Mitt. Bot. Miinchen 7:310, 1970) from South Australia, is of about the same height as the new ta.xon, and has distinctly verticillate hairs in the robust and often reddish-tinged vegetative parts, yet soon becoming glabrous. The spikes usually become broader, and the deeper brown-coloured bracts stand out against more shining pink flowers, especially in young inflorescences, the latter being markedly less crowded than in alexandri as a rule. In many cases the inner tepals of Ptilotus flowers are not only smaller but look far more acute than the outer ones, mostly owing to the margins being tightly incurved towards the apex. But there are only a few species [e.g. Pt. spathulatus (R. Br.) Poiret] with such a striking and noteworthy difference between the perianth-segments as in the new form (fig. 1 D, E). As a matter of fact the 5-merous androecium in the genus shows a high degree of variation, not least with regard to the number of stamens often reduced to staminodes. From a total of nearly 80 species about 20 seem to have all their stamens fertile though not always equally shaped; others vary in number of staminodes from zero to one, zero to two, one to two, one to three, one to four, two to three, and three to four. There are only a few representatives with constantly two staminodes (e.g. Pt. symonii Beni), as far as we know; at least half a dozen species always produce two fertile stamens (e.g. Pt. lazarklis Beni). In Pt. alexandri merely one stamen was found fertile. The excellent and rich material comprising more than 130 spikes admitted a careful examination enabling us to state with convincing evidence the presence of four abortive stamens as a constant and significant feature, hitherto unobserved in any previously described taxon of the genus and very helpful for identification. At first sight our novelty is readily distinguished by its distinctive appearance and vestiture. A closer examination reveals the peculiar morphologic difference between outer and inner tepals and the single fertile stamen unique in the genus. The new taxon, which differs most obviously from any other Ptilotus, thus requires special recognition. Name. The specific epithet is bestow'ed in honour of Mr. Alexander S. George, the discoverer of this plant, in recognition of his contributions to the flora of Western Australia, both by collecting trips and by publications. 347 Taxonomic studies in Thomasia and Lasiopetalum (Sterculiaceae) by Susan Paust* Abstract Four new species of Thomasia and six new species of Lasiopetalum are described; Thomasia formosa sp. nov., T. gardneri sp. nov., T. microphylla sp. nov., T. tremandvoides sp. nov.; Lasiopetalum cardiophylliim sp. noy.. L. compactum sp. nov., L. glahratum sp. nov., L. lineare sp. nov., L. monticola sp. nov. and L. rotundifoUum sp. nov. Two species of Lasiopetalum are reduced to synonymy: L. atigustifalium W. V. Filzg. is synonymous with L. oppositifoUum F. Muell.; and L. acutiflorum Turcz. with L. indiitum Steud. All specimens cited are housed at PERTH, except where otherwise indi- cated. Thomasia tremandroides S. Paust sp. nov. (Figures 1 and 11) (tremandroides = resembling some species of Tremandraceae) Folia ovata, brevissime petiolata, 4-8 x 2 '5-5 mm stellato-tomentosa. Stipidae foliaceae, 2- 5 mm longae. Racemiis pilis stellatis et simplici-moniliformibus tomentosus. Bracteolae 3, anguste lineares, calycem subtus. Calyx 8 mm longus, stellato-hirsutus lobis 5 ovatis. Petala 5, spathulata, I mm longa. Antherae 5, fere sessiles, anguste triangulares, 3 mm longae. Staminodia 5, clavala, I mm longa. Ovarium 3-loculare, 1 Trim longum pilis glandulosis et stellatis sparsim tomentosum. Stylus 2 mm longus, glaber. Tvpe: 33 mi N of Wubin towards Perenjori, Western Australia, 8 Oct. 1972, S. Paust 1319. Fiolo: PERTH; iso: CANB, K. Erect, multistemmed, woody perennial, 10-60 cm high. Branchlets tomentose with stellate and simple-moniliform hairs. Leaves alternate; petiole minute; lamina ovate, chartaceous, 4-8 mm long, 2 -5-5 mm wide, steJlate-tomentose; margin undulate, slightly recurved. Stipules foliaceous, ovate-orbicular, often oblique, 2-5 mm long. Racemes leaf-opposed, 20-40 mm long, 1-4 flowered, indumentum similar to that of the branchlets; peduncle 10-30 mm long; pedicel 3- 7 mm long; bracts linear, 2 mm long; bracteoles 3, narrow linear, 5 mm long, subtending calyx. Caly.x angular in bud, mauve-pink, exduplicate and papery at anthesis, 8 mm long, stellate-hairy, divided to below the middle into 5 ovate lobes, ribs thickened especially at lyase. Petals 5, spathulate, 1 tnm long, purple-black. Anthers 5, almost sessile, narrowly triangular, 3 mm long, purple-black. Staminodes 5, obscured by anthers, clavate, I mm long, alternate and basally connate with stamens. Ovary globose, 1 mm long, purple-black, with scattered simple, glandular and stellate hairs, 3-celled; style filiform, 2 mm long, glabrous, yellowish; ovules 3-4 per locule. Seed not seen. Distribution: South-west Western Australia; from Bencubbin north to the Murchison River. Murchison River, Oct. 1961, de la Hunty, Boolardy Station, A. B. Cashmore 128; Canna, C. A. Gardner 2691; near Morowa, W. E. Blackall 2817; 1 mi S of Caron, S. Paust 1309; 9 -2 mi E of Bindi Bindi, S. Paust 1026; 6 mi S of Ballidu, J. W. Green 791 ; 13 mi N of Ben- cubbin, fV. E. Blackall 3317; (?) Mt. Barker to Walpole, 31 Aug. 1965, F. W. Humphreys. (It is extremely doubtful that the collection data of the Humphreys specimen are correct.) Thomasia tremandroides is distinguished from other species of Thomasia by its small papery ovate leaves and by the presence and morphology of its staminodes. Present address: Mrs. R. Downes, Cleator, Cumberland, England. 348 HOLOTYPE ^'^iuaC VSVSIf R\ AUS'f RAMAN HERBARIUM. PERTH rioni of Wcslfrn Australia C^€efK t £iO,c^ . J.jr {iuz i KAXt C ^ -CC £^-C(Ju>* . /)/ ^ iVyxifft^ c'oii. ^iAy}a .iv'fi^OLAA/^’C WFSTI RN AUSl KALIAN HERBARIUM. PERTH Fiord of Western Austriilia Loc. Coll- # ■# Figure \--Thomasia tremandroides sp. nov. Holotype— S. Paust 1319. 349 Figure 2—Thomasia fonnosa sp. nov. Holotype— i 5 mi W of Three Springs, C. Chapman. 350 Thomasia formosa S. Paust sp. nov. (Figures 2 and 1 1) (Formosa ^ handsome) Frutex stellato-tomentosus. Folia angustissime ovata, peliolata, 20-40 x 4-10 mm. Stipulae oblique ovatae, 4-7 mm longae. Racemi saepe ramosi. Bracleolae 3, lanceolatae, calycem subtus. Calyx 10 mm longus, stellato-hirsutus, lobis 5 ovatis. Peiala 5, spathulata, 1 mm longa. Stamina 5, filamentis 1 mm longis, antheris anguste triangularibu.s 3-5 mm longis. Ovarium 3-loculare, 2 mm longum, albo-stellato-tomentosum. Stylus 3 mm longus, glaber. Type: ± 5 mi W of Three Springs, Western Australia, 29 Sept. 1972. C. Chapman s.n Holo: PERTH, iso; K. Erect, mullislemmed, woody perennial, up to 50 cm high ; branchlels, leaves and inflorescence closely .stellate-tomentose, rufous. Leaves alternate; petiole 5 mm long; lamina very narrowly ovate, 20-40 mm long, 4-10 mm wide, rugose above; margin i crenulate, recurved. Stipules foliaceous, obliquely ovate, 4-7 mm long. Racemes leaf-opposed, 70-120 mm long, 7- many-flowered, often branched; peduncle 30-40 mm long; pedicels 10 mm long; bracts ovate 1-3 mm long; bracteoles 3, lanceolate, reflexed, 7 mm long, subtending calyx. Calyx pink, papery, 10 mm long, stellate-hairy, divided to below the middle into 5 ovate lobes, ribs thickened. Petals 5, spathulate, slightly concave, 1 mm long, glabrous. Stamens 5 ; filaments linear, 1 mm long; anthers narrowly triangular, 3 -5 mm long. Ovary globose, 2 mm long, white stellate-tomentose, 3-celled; style filiform, 3 mm long, glabrous, ovules 4-8 per locule. Seed not seen. Distribution: South-west Western Australia; this species is known only from collections made 8 km W of Three Springs. Thomasia formosa is similar to the more southern species. T. angustifolia Steud. and T. petalocalyx F. Muell. in that it has a tomentose, 3-celled ovary and a glabrous style. It is distinguished from these species by the much larger flowers and inflorescence and by its leaf form. Thomasia microphylla S. Paust. sp. nov. (Figures 3 and 11) (micro - small, phyllum leaf) Frutex squamis ut videtur cilialis lepidotus. Folia ovato-oblonga, breviler petiolata, 2-10 x 1-5-5 mm, coriacea, supra glabra, subtus lepidota. Stipulae nullae. Racemi 1-2-flonbus. Bracetolae 3 teretes. Calvx 8 mm longus, varie-lepidolus, lobis 5 ovatis. Petala 5, ovata, carnosa, 0-8 mm longa. Stamina 5. filamentis 1 mm longis, antheris oblongo-linearibus, 3 mm longis. Staminodia + 5, teretia, I -5 mm longa. Ovarium 3-loculare, 2 mm longum, dense lepidotum. Stylus 3 mm longus, praeter basem glaber. Type: Mt. Short, at N end of Ravensthorpe Range, Western Australia, 30 Aug. 1963, A. S. George 5698. Holo; PERTH, iso; CANB, K. Erect, multistcmmed, woody perennial , 15—35 cm high, branchlets, leaves and inflorescence variably lepidote with apparently ciliate scales. Leaves alternate, slightly reflexed; petiole 1-2 mm long, lepidote; lamina ovate-oblong, slightly cordate, 2-10 mm long, 1 -5-5 mm wide, entire, coriaceous, smooth to reticulate and glabrous above, lepidote below. Stipules absent. Racemes terminal, JO-40 mm long, 1-2 flowered, peduncle 10-30 mm long; pedicels 4-5 mm long; bracts terete 1-1 -5 mm long, often absent; bracteoles 3, terete, 1-2 mm long, subtending calyx. Calyx angular in bud, pale mauve, 7-9 mm long, finely stellate-lepidote, the outer surface with additional large brown scales, particu- larly on the prominent ribs, divided almost to the base into 5 broadly ovate lobes. Petals 5, ovate, concave, fleshy, normally glabrous, 0-8 mm long. Stamens 5; filaments oblong, 1 mm long; anthers oblong-linear, 3 mm long, shortly attenuate and yellow at apex. Staminodes 5, alternate with stamens, terete 1 5 mm long, often absent. Ovary ovoid, 2 mm long, densely lepidote, 3-celled - style filiform, 3 mm long, sparsely lepidote at base, otherwise glabrous; ovules 2-3 per locule. Fruit a loculicidal capsule; seed 1 per locule, almost cylindrical, villous, 2 mm long, 0 -9 mm wide. 351 WESrCRN austrauan herbarium PERTH WA /it s^i ’’fnAOia. hd«tine Contr'^uniiv Now Norcio June 1970 Figure A~Thomasia gardneri sp. nov. Holotype— Near Mt. Holland, C. A. Gardner. 354 Figure 5 — Lasiopetalum lineare sp. nov. Holotype — R. D. Royce 4965. 355 19787 — ( 3 ) broadly oblong, 1 • 5 mm long. Ovary globose, 1 mm long, white stellate-tomen- tose, 3-celled; style filiform, 3 mm long, with large white reflexed stellate hairs; ovules 2 per lociile. Fruit a loculicidal capsule; seeds 1 per locule, almost cylindrical, villous, 2-5 mm long, 1 mm wide. Distribution : South-west Western Australia, from Eneabba south to Gingin. Eneabba Creek, C. A. Gardner 9128; 26J mi from Watheroo on road to Jurien Bay, F. tV. Humphreys 183; 5 mi SSE of Yeal Swamp in Wanneroo Forestry Reserve, Y. Chadwick 2554. Lasiopetalum lineare has floral characteristics similar to those of L. drum- mondii Benth., but is distinguished by having linear leaves. Lasiopetalum rotundifolium S. Paust sp. nov. (Figures 6 and 12) (rotundus = almost circular, folium leaf) Folia rotunda, profunde cordata, petiolata, 7-35 x 9-30 mm, supra rugosa glabra, subtus arete stellato-tomenlosa. Cymae pilis stellatis et simplici-moniliformibus tomentosae. Bracteolae solitariae, ovatae, ab calycibus distantes. Calyx 6 mm longus, intus glaber, extus pilis stellatis et simplici-moniliformibus tomentosus, lobis 5, ovato-lanceolatis. Petala nulla. Antherae fere sessiles, late ovato-oblongae, 2 mm longae. Ovarium 3-loculare, 1-5 mm longum, albo-stellato-tornentosum. Stylus 2 mm longus pilis stellatis grandibus reflexis albis hirsutus. Type: 5-6 mi S of New Norcia, Western Australia, 1 Oct. 1947, C. A. Gardner 8690. EIolo' PERTH, iso; CANB, K. Erect, woody perennial, up to 40 cm high. Branchlets tomentose with stellate and simple hairs. Leaves alternate; petiole 10-20 mm long, tomentose with stellate and simple-moniliform hairs; lamina orbicular, deeply cordate (the basal lobes sometimes imbricate), 7-35 mm long, 9-30 mm wide, rugose and glabrous above, closely grey stellate-tomentose below'; margin ± crenulate slightly revolute. Cymes leaf-opposed, 20-40 mm long, db 8-flowered, tomentose with stellate and simple-moniliform hairs; peduncle 10-20 mm long; bracts lance- olate, 3 mm long: bracteoles 1, ovate, 5 mm long, pink, papery, distant from calyx. Calyx pink (dark maroon near base of anthers), 6 mm long, almost glabrous within, tomentose with stellate and long simple-moniliform hairs out- side, divided to near the base into 5 ovate lanceolate lobes. Petals absent. Anthers 5, almost-sessile, broadly ovate-oblong, dark maroon, 2 mm long. Ovary globose, 1 - 5 mm long, white stellate-tomentose, 3-celled; style simple, 2 mm long with large white reflexed stellate hairs; ovules 2 per locule. Seed not seen. Distribution: South-west Western Australia; New Norcia area. Swan River Colony, J. Drummond 119 (MEL 52366). Lasiopetalum rotundifolium is known only from the Drummond and type collections. It has close affinities with L. mode Benth., but differs in having rounded, deeply cordate leaves. Lasiopetalum cardiophyllum S. Paust. sp. nov. (Figures 7 and 12) (cardio - heart, phyllum = leaf) Folia cordata. peliolata, 9-26 x 10-30 mm, coriacea, supra laevia glabra subtus arete stellata tornentosa. Crmae pilis stellatis et simplici-moniliformibus tomentosae. Bracteolae soli- dj^stantes. Calyx 8 mm longus, pilis stellatis et simpHcimtonni- formibus tomentosus, lobis 5, ovato-lanceolatis. Petala nulla. Antherae 5, fere sessiles late ovato-oblongae, I -5 mm longae. Ovarium 3-loculare 1 mm longum albo stellato" tomentosum. Stylus I S mm longus, pilis stellatis grandibus reflexis albfs hireutus no\o: Western Australia, 13 Nov. 1904, A. Morrison s.n. 356 Figure 6 — Lasiopetalum rotundifoUum sp. nov. Holotype— C. A. Gardner 8690. 357 HOLOTYPE S/smT I’xu^ ,JS^ i, ?J STATH HERBARIUM. WSSXXIRN AU&T«=IAdA. nr.KMAKK \! P» RIM rlora of WcM«m AuMnHm 1 c«}k. --j'-.. • / i- M'- j* .y. h... Figure 1—Lasiopelaliim cardiophyllum sp. nov. Holotype— Mt. Saddleback, A. Morrison. 358 Erect multistemmed, woody perennial, up to 40 cm high. Branchlets stellate- tomentose. Leaves alternate; petiole 4-15 mm long; lamina cordiform, 9-26 mm long, 10-30 mm wide, entire, coriaceous, smooth and almost glabrous above, closely grey stellate-tomentose below. Cymes leaf-opposed, 20-40 mm long, 5- many-flowered, sparsely tomentose with stellate and simple-moniliform hairs; peduncle 10-20 mm long; pedicels 10 mm long; bracts terete, 2 mm long, closely tomentose; bracteoles 1, terete, 2 mm long, closely tomentose, distant from calyx. Calyx pink (dark maroon near base of anthers), 8 mm long, tomentose with stellate and simple-moniliform hairs, divided to the base into 5 narrowly ovate-lanceolate acuminate lobes. Petals absent. Anthers 5, almost sessile, broadly ovate-oblong, 1 -5 mm long, purple-black. Ovary globose, 1 mm long, white stellate-tomentose, 3-celled; style filiform, 2-5 mm long, with large white-reflexed stellate hairs; ovules 2 per locule. Seed not seen . Distrilmtion: South-west Western Australia; from North Bannister south to Mt. Saddleback. Bunnings Plantation, 3 mi S of Halfway House on Albany Highway and 7 mi W of Highway, 21 Nov. 1969, R. J. Edmiston-, towards Mt. Saddleback, between Williams and Hotham Rivers, 15 Nov. 1904, A. Morrison (K). Lasiopetalum cardiophyllwn has flowers similar to those of L. floribunduni Benth. but is distinguished by having coriaceous, broadly ovate-cordate leaves which are stellate-tomentose below. Lasiopetalum glabratum S. Paust. sp. nov. (Figures 8 and 12) (glabratus = glabrescent, referring to the leaves) Folia late ovata ad semi-hastata vel cordata. petiolata, 10-30 x 6-30 mm, coriacca, fere glabra, supra reticulata, subtus manifeste nervata. Cymae pilis stellatis et simplici-moniliformibus tomentosae. Bracteoiae solitariae, lineares, calyces subtus. Calyx 5 mm longus, sparsim stellato-tomentosus. extus etiam pilis simplici-moniliformibus, lobis 5, ovato-lanceolatis. Petaia nulla. Anilterae 5, fere sessiles, late ovato-oblongae, 1-5 mm longae. Ovw/aw 3-loculare, I mm longum, albo-stellato-tomentosum. Stylus 2-5 mm longus, pilis stellatis grandibus reflexis albis hirsutus. Type: 2 mi N of turnoff to Mt. Cooke on .Albany Highway, Western Australia, 6 Nov. 1971, Susan Paust 1068. Holo; PERTH. Erect, multistemmed, woody perennial, up to 35 cm high. Branchlets stellate- tomentose. Leaves alternate; petiole stellate-tomentose, 3-6 mm long; lamina broadly ovate to semi-hastate, cordate, obtuse to acute, 10-30 mm long, 6-30 mm wide, coriaceous, undulate, almost glabrous, reticulate above, prominently veined below; margin semi-entire, slightly undulate and recurved. Cyme leaf- opposed, 30-50 mm long, 3-6-flowered, tomentose with stellate and simple- moniliform hairs; peduncle 20-30 mm long; pedicels 8 mm long; biacts linear, 2 mm long; bracteoles I, linear, 2 mm long, subtending calyx. Calyx pink (dark maroon near base of anthers), 5 mm long, sparsely stellate-tomentose, the outer surface with additional simple-moniliform hairs, divided to the base into 5 ovate-lanceolate lobes. Petals absent. Anthers 5, almost sessile, broadly ovate-oblong, 1 '5 mm long, purple-black. Ovary globose, 1 mm long, white stellate-tomentose, 3-celled; style filiform, 2-5 mm long, with large white reflexed stellate hairs; ovules 2 per locule. Seed not seen. Distribution: South-west Western Australia; south-east of Perth, from Carmel east to York and south to Mt. Cooke. Carmel 29 Nov. 1928 E. Dell; 44 mi peg Albany Highway. A. R.Fairall lDl ; between Perth and King George Sound, April, July 1854, IP. H. Harvey; Swan River Colony, J. Drummond 20 (K). This species has floral similarities to L. florihundum Benth. and L. cardio- phyllum S Paust. (see above). It is distinguished from both in having coria- ceous, undulate, almost glabrous leaves. 359 Wl'sn «N \l SfRAJ IAN HVRRARH-M. inRCH rjora '»! WtNK'rn A«J*^»«»lm wrjitl RN Al srRALIAN HERBARR: Flora of Western Atwraha X£i.\x ■ .^•.ZkiA^ /Aa^k fnA.\-6-ii>f>. /i'judh J^uh :vSn.„» u *■% n J A. - wt*^ ;»v y i^A uxf Af4V. IV?' I lis: ! a-ai. Figure 8 — Lasiopetalum glabratum sp. nov, Holotype — S. Paust 1068 360 y%in%.t’^Uia WffKWjSMVlT ^ A'iMf ’ 75 ^ I SfI.RN AUSI RAl-IAN' HERBARIUM, PERTH Flora of Wc'.iem Att^ralta aXATTE IHEBBAHIUM, i-r^i '"O^ ^ ** **'^* -**. 'T ^ ■» ermtea vit •*«# Figure 9 — Lasiopetalum monticola sp. nov. Holotype — Ellen Peak, A. Morrison. 361 Lasiopctaiuin moiiticola S. Paiist. sp. nov. (Figures 9 and 12) (monticola = a dweller on mountains) FoUu late ad anguste ovaia, petiolata, 15-18 x 5-40 mm, supra laevia glabrescentia, subtus dense stellato-tomentosa. Racemi dense sleilato-tomcntosi. Biacleolae 3, filiformes, ab calyce distantes. Calyx 6 mm longus, intus sparsim stellato-hirsutus, extus dense albo- stellato-tomentosus, lobis 5. angusle ovatis. Petala 5, oblonga. 0-5 mm longa. Antherae 5, fere sessiles, angusle triangulares. 3 mm longae. Ovarium 3-loculare, I mm longum, papilla- turn. Stylus 2 mm longus, glaber. Type: Ellen Peak, Stirling Range. Western Australia, 18 Oct. 1902, A. Morrison. Holo: PERTH, i.so: CANS, K. Erect, woody, perennial up to 50 cm high; branchlets, leaves and inflorescence densely stellate-tomentose, white to rufous. Leaves alternate; petiole 10-20 mm long; lamina broadly to narrowly ovate, entire, 15-80 mm long, 5-40 mm wide, smooth and becoming glabrous with impressed veins above, densely stellate- tomentose with prominent midrib below'. Raceme leaf-opposed, 3-15-flowered, 40-1 10 mm long; peduncle 30-60 mm long; bracts terete, 5 mm long; bracteoles 3, filiform, 8 mm long, distant from caly.x. Calyx 6 mm long, pink, sparsely white stellate-hairy within, densely white .stellate-tomentose outside, divided almost to the base into 5 narrowly ovate lobes. Petals 5, oblong, concave, 0-5 mm long, glabrous. Anthers 5. almost sessile, narrowly triangular, 3 mm long. Ovary globose 1 mm long, papillate, 3-celled; style filiform. 2 mm long, glabrous, ovules 2 per locule. Seed not seen. Distribution: South-W'est Western Australia; in the Stirling Range and on East Mt. Barren. Stirling Range, E. Priizel 101: Plantagenet Dist. Stirling Range, D/cA 580; Mt. VVarrungup, K. Newhey 1456; about half way along Salt River Road, Stirling Range, A. M. Ashby 1965; Eastern heights above Red Gum Springs, A. R. Eairall 465 and 471 ; 3 mi N of Ellen Peak, K. Newbey 315; East Mt. Barren, Sept. 1925. Gardner & Blackall; Gully, East Mt. Barren, Sept. \924, A. Johnson. La.siopetahnn monticola is similar in habit and appearance to L. indutum Steud. and/., maxwellii F. MuelL. but is readily distinguished from these species by the papillate (rather than stellate-tomentose) ovary. La.siopetaluni compactum S. Paust. sp. nov. (Figures 10 and 12) (compactus ^ compact referring to the inflorescence) Foha anguste oblonga, petiolata, 10-60 x 4-13 mm, coriacea, supra laevia glabra, subtus arete stellato-tomentosa. Cymae in pseudo-capitula contractae. Bracteolae 3 lineares, calycem subtus. Calyx 5-8 mm longus, intus minute tuberculatus, extus dense albo-stellato-tomen- tosus, lobis 5, anguste ovatis acuminatis. Petala spalhulata, 1 mm longa. Stamina 5, filamentis 1 mm longis. antheris anguste-triangularibus 2-5 mm longis. Ovarium 3-loculare’ 2 mm longum, albo-stellato-tomenlosurn. Stylus 3 mm longus, glaber. Type: 9 km SE of Ravensthorpe, Western Australia, 13 Aug. 1968, R. A. Safl'rev All. Holo- PERTH, iso: CANB. K. Erect, woody, perennial, up to I m high. Branchlets closely stellate-tomentose, rufous to grey. Leaves alternate; petiole 5-7 mm long, closely stellate-tomen- tose; lamina narrowly oblong, entire, coriaceous, 10-60 mm long, 4-13 mm wide, smooth and glabrous with impressed midrib above, closely stellate- tomentose with prominent midrib below. Cymes leaf-opposed, 5-7-flowered, condensed into densely white stellate-tomentose heads; peduncle tomentose! 5-15 mm long; bracts linear, 5 mm long; bracteoles 3, linear, 7 mm long, sub- tending calyx. Calyx 5-8 mm long, pink and minutely tuberculate within, densely white stellate-tomentose outside, divided almost to the base into 5 narrowly ovate, acuminate lobes. Peteds spathulate, slightly concave, 1 mm long glabrous. Stamens 5, filaments terete, 1 mm long; anthers narrowly triangular, 2 ■ 5 mm long. Ovary globose, 2 mm long, white stellate-tomentose, 3-celled; style filiform, 3 mm long, glabrous; ovules 2 per locule. Fruit a loculicidal capsule; seed 2 per locule, almost cylindrical, villous, 2 mm long, 1 mm wide. 362 Figure 10 — Lasiopelalum compactum sp. nov. Holotype — R. A. SafFrey 477. 363 Figure 1 1— Distribution of Thomasia formosa sp. nov., T. gardneri sp. nov., T. microphylla sp. nov. and T. tremandroides sp. nov. 364 Figure 12 Distribution of Lasiopetalmi cardiophyllitm sp. nov., L. compactuin sp. nov., L glabratum sp. nov., L. lineare sp. nov., L. monticola sp. nov. and L. rotimdifoHum sp. nov. 365 Distribution: South-west Western Australia, from the Fitzgerald River east to Mt. Burdett. Fitzgerald R. valley, R. D. Royce 8906; Mt. Short, Ravensthorpe Range, E. M. Bennett 2494; 6 mi E of Ravensthorpe, K. Newbey 958; Between Ravensthorpe and Hopetoun, 5. Paust 759; Yerritup Creek, 13 km N of coast at Stokes Inlet, A. E. Orchard 1188; Peak Charles, C. Davies 89; Mt. Burdett, 50 km NNE of Esperance, E. N. S. Jackson 1319; Swan River Colony, J. Drummond 264 (also MEL 52342, L.H. specimen). The floral characters of L. compactum and L. indutiim Steud. are similar and have previously caused confusion. L. compactum, however, is readily dis- tinguished from the racemose L. indutum by the compact cyme and larger leaves. New Synonyms in Lasiopetalum 1. Lasiopetalum oppositifolium F. Muell., Fragm. 2:5 (1860). Type: Murchison River, Western Australia, Oldfield. Holo: MEL 52371. L. angustifolium W. V. Fitzg., J. West Austral. Nat. Hist. Soc. No. 1:3 (1904), synon. nov. Type: Geraldton, Western Australia, Sept. 1903, W. V. Fitzgerald. Iso: PERTH. Lasiopetalum angustifolium was described by W. V. Fitzgerald as differing from L. oppositifolium by the presence of white reflexed hairs on the style. The examination of type and other herbarium collections has shown that the hairiness of the style is extremely variable, while the specimens are similar in other characters. It is therefore considered that the two are synonymous. 2. Lasiopetalum indutum Steud. in Lehmann, PI. Preiss. 1:235 (1845). Type: Preiss 1655. Iso: MEL 52353^. L. acutifiorum Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 25:145 (1852), synon. nov. Type: /. Drummond 254. Iso: MEL 52342, right hand specimen: MEL 52343 • PERTH. The two species are separated by Bentham in FI. Austral. 1 :259-260 (1863) by the degree of hairiness of the inside of the calyx lobes. From examination of the type and other herbarium collections, this character and leaf shape appear continuously variable. The two names are therefore considered synonymous. Acknowledgement Thanks are especially due to Mr. Alex George for the latin diagnoses. 366 A new species of Anigozanthos (Haemodoraceae) from Western Australia By A. S. George Abstract Anigozanthos onycis sp. nov. is described. It is related to A. hiitnUis Lindl. and A. preissii Endl. Anigozanthos onycis A. S. George, sp. nov. (Fig. 1) Herba rhizomate brevi foliis scapisque ephemeris. Rhizoma in solo 3^ cm, bracteis (basibus foliorum) latis, glabris corvinis vestita; radices tenues, tenaces. Folia infima plures, bractei- formia, lineari-acuminata, 2-4 cm longa, glabra, in sicco scariosa, brunnea; siipera linearia canaliculata, glabra, basibus albis vaginantibiis. Scapi pauci, 15-30 cm alti, racemis 2,4, 6 vel 8 fcrentes, ubi plus quam 2 laie-ramosi ut in zl. nifo Labill. CauHs in solo glaber, supra etiam (lores dense tomentoso-hirsutus pilis ramosissimis patulis rubris stramineisque. Folia caulina amplexicaulia, late-linearia sed in apices acutos angustata, canaliculata, glabra vel sparse tomcnlosa marginibus plerumque tomentosis; folia caulina infima 10-14 cm longa, supera breviora. Racemi 5-9-floribus stramineis, indumento ad basin pallido, supra rubro ut flos ruber vidctur. Pedicetli sub-anthesi 2-5 mm longi, unusquisque ab bractea subuiata tomentosa 2-5 cm longa subtentus. Perianthiam 4-5-5 cm longum, ovarium tumidum 5-7 mm late includcns. Tubus pei ianthU latere inferiore (antico) usque ad 1 cm ovarii flssus ; lohi subulati, patulissimi, non recurvi, apicales (postici) recti, 8-12 , longi, laterales (antici) falcati, 10-19 mm long, omnes intus arete stellato-tomentosi ; perianthium intus cetera glabrum. Stamina ad basin loborum perianthii in costis inserta; anthera 3-4 mm longa appendicibus 2 apicalibus minutissimis. Stylus anthera breviter excedens, tenius. glaber; stigma parva. Ovarium 3-loculares; ovula numerosa. Fructus non visus. Type: South Stirling, southern Western Australia, 1 Oct. 1972, R. Dixon s.n. Holo: PERTH (Fig. 1), iso: CANB. Flowers in spirit collection at PERTH, no. 1260 B. Herb with short rhizome, the leaves and scapes ephemeral. Rhizome 3-4 cm below ground level, covered with broad, glabrous blue-black bracts (leaf bases); roots thin, wiry. Lowest leaves several, bract-like, linear-acuminate, 2-4 cm long, glabrous, scarious when dry, brown; upper leaves linear, canaliculate, glabrous, the bases white and sheathing. Scapes few, 15-30 cm high, with 2, 4, 6 or 8 racemes, when more than 2 widely branched as in A. rufus Labill. Stem glabrous below ground, densely tomentose-hirsute above as well as the flowers, the hairs much-branched, spreading, red and cream. Stem leaves amplexicaul, broadly linear but tapering to acute apices, canaliculate, glabrous or sparsely tomentose, the margins usually tomentose; lowest stem leaves 10-14 cm long, upper ones shorter. Racemes of 5-9 flowers, pale green-cream, the indumentum pale at base, red above, giving the whole flower a red aspect, deeper on the upper side. Pedicels at anthesis 2-5 mm long, each subtended by a subulate, tomentose bract 1-3 cm long. Perianth 4 -5-5 cm long including the swollen ovary which is 5-7 mm across. Perianth tube split on lower (anterior) side to within 1 cm of ovary; lobes subulate, very spreading, not recurved, apical (posterior) ones straight, 8-12 mm long, lateral (anterior) ones falcate, 10-19 mm long, closely stellate-tomentose within; the perianth otherwise glabrous within. Stamens inserted at base of perianth lobes on midribs; 4 upper anthers almost in line, the 2 lowest slightly below them; uppermost filaments 3-4 long, lowermost 6-8 mm; anthers 3^ mm long with 2 very small apical appendages. Style shortly exceeding anthers, slender, glabrous; stigma small. Cbwv 3 -celled; ovules many per locule. Fruit noi seen. 367 Figure X—Anigozanthos onycis sp. nov. Holotype— South Stirling, R. Dixon (PERTH). 368 Distribution: Western Australia; South Stirling sandheaths, between the Stirling Range and the Green Range. Albany district — received at A.I.M. Flower Show, Kalgoorlie, 19 Sept. 1962, A. S. George 4186 (PERTH); South Stirling, on property of W. T. Grocock, per H. Venning, 15 Sept. 1969 (PERTH). The new species is allied to Anigozanthos humilis Lindl. and A. preissii Endl., both of which also have perennating rhizomes and ephemeral leaves and scapes. A, humilis usually has simple scapes (if branched then with one or two erect branches near the base) with racemes of up to 15 flowers; the perianth is 3-4 -5 cm long with lobes 6-9 mm long, usually slightly recurved; the anthers are 2-3 mm long, unappendaged, on filaments 1 •5-2-5 mm long, arranged in 3 pairs. It is widespread in sandy soils between the Murchison River and Albany, and east to Esperance. A. preissii has narrow-linear to sub-cylindrical leaves, and erect scapes 30-80 cm tall which are once forked just below the flowers. The perianth is 5-6 -6 cm long, divided for over half its length, i.e. the tube 1-1 -5 cm long above the oary; the lobes are 10-20 mm long and spreading; the anthers are 3-4 mm long with short prominent apical appendages, the upper filaments 5-6 mm long, the lower 10-12 mm long and arranged as in A. onycis. It is restricted to sandy woodlands and swamp margins within 50 km of Albany. The specific epithet, derived from the Greek onyx (a claw, talon), refers to the claw-like appearance of the open flower. Reference Geerinck, D. (1970)— Revision du genre Anigozanthos Labill. (Haemodoraceae d’Australie) in Bull. Jard. Bot. Nat. Belg. 40, 3:261-276. 369 Seven new species of Grevillea (Proteaceae) from Western Australia By A. S. George Abstract The following new species of Grevillea are described : G. costata, G.fistubsa, G. infimdibularis, G. involucrala, G. olivacea, G. ripicola, and G. scapigera. All are endemic in South-Western Australia. Introduction The seven new species of Grevillea described here are endemic in South- Western Australia and are of restricted occurrence within this region. The term “ pollen presenter ”, referring to the style end of many Proteaceae, has been defined by Guthrie and Salter (1950) and later by Rourke (1969). Bentham (1871) realised that in Australian Proteaceae the pollen is shed onto the style end just before anthesis and is exposed upon it when the style is released from the perianth. He suggested that, as with the Asteraceae (Compositae), the stigmatic area becomes receptive later. Guthrie and Salter observed that the true stigmatic area is a small groove, usually at the apex of the pollen presenter. Rourke described and illustrated the whole structure in more detail. The pollen presenter presents the pollen to the pollinator, and only later does the stigmatic groove become receptive to pollen from another source. The form of the pollen presenter is usually of some diagnostic value due to its variation of form between species and between genera. In Grevillea it has often been previously referred to as the stigmatic disc. The specimens cited are at PERTH unless otherwise stated. Grevillea costata C. A. Gardn. ex A. S. George sp. nov. Sect. Lissostylis Grevilleae iuconspkuae Diels affinis, a qua habitu patent) ; foliis crassioribus pungentibus supra enerviis, pedicellis longioribus; et fructu costato, differt. Type: Rocks in the Murchison River, W.A., 30 Aug. 1931, C. A. Gardner 2597. Holo' PERTH, iso: K, NSW. Allied to Grevillea inconspicua Diels, from which it differs in the spreading habit; the thicker, pungent leaves, nerveless above; the longer pedicels; and the ribbed fruit. A shrub to 1 m with spreading branches, silky-pubescent with appressed, medi-fixed hairs. Brancblets angular-striate when young, reddish. Leaves linear, pungent, very shortly petiolate, 1 -5-4 cm long, margins closely revolute, the upper surface appressed-pubcscent but at length glabrous. Flowers in small’ terminal or axillary racemes, the peduncle 2-10 mm long, pubescent. Brads filiform, ferruginous-pubescent, very early caducous. Pedicels slender, 6-10 mm long, sparsely appressed-pubescent. Perianth white, narrow, 3-4 mm long with- out the limb, appressed-pubescent outside, inside densely hirsute around the ovary, less so above; limb reflexed, pubescent outside, glabrous inside. Torus straight, gland small. Style 8-9 mm long; stipe 1-2 mm long; pollen presenter i; orbicular, thick but with a rather thin undulate margin, the stigmatic groove on a prominent central cone; a few glands on the style just below the pollen presenter. Fruit swollen, 12-15 mm long, prominently 7-10-ribbed, the ribs sometimes irregular. Seeds oblong, 9-10 mm long, thick, with incurved’ margins. 370 Distribution: Western Australia near lower central west coast; along or near the lower Murchison River, growing in rocky soil. Other collections: 100 miles N of Rabbit Proof Fence, North-West Coastal Highway, 1 Aug. 1970, E. H. West s.n.; Ross Graham Lookout, Kalbarri National Park, 18 Dec. 1968, H. Detnarz 922; 366 miles N of Perth, near the Murchison River, on North-West Coastal High- way, 10 Sept. 1965, F. Humphreys s.n.; Galena, at Murchison River bridge, 16 Sept. 1968, M. E. Phillips (duplicate of CBG 027704); Murchison River gorge, 13 May 1961, A. S. George 2377. The specific epithet refers to the ribbed fruit. Grevillea fistulosa A. S. George sp. nov. Section Plagiopoda GreviUeae ilnimmoiulii Meisn. affinis. a qua indumento; folds longioribus infra albo- tomentosis marginibus recurvis ad laxe revolutis; perianthii segmentis rufis 3-nervatis intus glabris; toro minus obliquo; stylo tereti hirsutiore; et stigmate orbiculari, differ!. Type: Middle Mt. Barren, Fitzgerald River National Park, W.A.; a shrub 3-6 ft, flowers red, 23 Sept. 1925, C. A. Gardner 1861 and IF. E. Blackall. Holo: PERTH, iso: CANB, K, MEL, NSW. Allied to Grevillea dninwwmlii Meisn. from which it differs in the indu- mentum; the longer leaves, white-tomentose below, with recurved or loosely revolute margins: the perianth segments red, 3-nerved, glabrous inside; the torus less oblique; the style terete, more hirsute; and the orbicular stigma. An erect shrub of 1-2 m with an inclumentiim of hairs which arc forked at the base, the new growth densely ferruginous. Brcmchlets angular-striate, becoming terete, densely tomentose at first, at length almost glabrous. Leaves oblanceolate, obtuse but with a broad, hard mucro, mostly 4-7 cm long, narrowed into a petiole of less than 5 mm; sometimes flat with recurved margins but usually the margins inrolled giving the leaf a hollow', tubular aspect; midrib prominent above and below,"w'ith a lateral nerve just inside each margin; upper surface hirsute at first but later glabrous and finely scabrous; low'er surface remaining densely tomentose with matted hairs. Flowers in axillary, sub-umbellate racemes on very short peduncles, the rachis densely hirsute. Bracts linear, acute, 3-4 mm long, abaxial surface tomentose, adaxial surface glabrous within, soon caducous. Pedicels 5-8 mm long, hirsute. Perianth 6-7 mm long, red, slightly swollen below middle, loosely hirsute, the limb globular, recurved, more densely hirsute, the segments 3-nervcd, glabrous within. Style 6-7 mm long, thick, + terete, hirsute, the torus oblique; stipe ± 1 mm long. Pollen presenter orbicular, lateral and vertical, shortly hirsute in the centre of the dorsal side, the stigmatic area a small cone just below the centre on the ventral side. Fruit fusiform, closely tomentose, 15-20 mm long. Seed elliptic but the margins tightly inrolled, very narrowly winged, 8 mm long, base acute. Distribution: endemic in the Fitzgerald River National Park on the south coast of Western Australia. Usually occurs in dense scrub in rocky gullies on the hills. Other Collections: Middle Ml, Barren, 16 July 1970, A. S. George 10093; west face of Thumb Peak 23 Oct. 1970, R. D. Royce 9257; 3 km north of Thumb Peak, 27 Oct. 1967, K. Newbey 2120’ Thumb Peak, 31 Oct. 1965, A. S. George 7119; Whoogarup Range, 28 Nov. 1931, C a' Gardner 2967; NE side of Whoogarup Range, 2 Dec. 1960, A. S. George 1912; N of Hamersley River, 14 miles from Phillips River crossing, 28 Aug. 1965, E. lVittwer433. The specific epithet refers to the tube-like appearance of the leaves caused by the recurved margins. Grevillea infundibularis A. S. George sp. nov. Sect. Leiogyne GreviUeae platvpodae F. Muell. affinis, a qua habitu minori; foliis flabelliformibus, dentatus, fere sessilibus, glabris; et inflorescentiis parvis, simplicibus terminalibus, differt. Tvne • West side of Middle Mt. Barren, Fitzgerald River National Park, W.A., among quartzite boulders, 16 July 1970, A. S. George s.n. Holo; PERTH, iso: AD, CANB, K, MEL, NSW, PERTH.’ 371 Allied to Grevillea platypoda F. Muell., from which it differs in the smaller habit; the leaves flabelliform, dentate, almost sessile, glabrous; and the small, simple, terminal inflorescences, A sprawling shrub, occasionally up to I m tall, appressed-pubescent when young, becoming glabrous apart from the flowers, or the branches sometimes spreading-hirsute. Leaves hemispherical-flabelliform, almost sessile, when fresh concave and stem-clasping so as to appear funnel-like, mostly 10-25 mm long x 20-35 mm wide, dentate with mucronate teeth, a prominent nerve to each tooth, the nerve-like margins slightly recurved. Flowers red, in small terminal racemes, rarely axillary. Rachis and pedicels appressed- pubescent with medifixed hairs; pedicels 5-8 mm long. Perianth 7-9 mm long without limb, broad at base, sparsely pubescent outside, inside densely hirsute below, less so above; limb prominent, recurved, pubescent outside, glabrous inside. Torus straight, gland ± horizontal, lobed, rather thin. Style 17-18 mm long, slender, glabrous; stipe 1 mm long; ovary bilobed; pollen presenter lateral and vertical, orbicular, the stigmatic groove small, central. Fruit broadly fusiform but abruptly narrowed at each end, 13-14 mm long, thick-walled, somewhat rugose, with a ridge on each side. Seeds not seen. Distribution: known so far from only two peaks in the Fitzgerald River National Park on the south coast of Western Australia. Growing w'ith scrub among quartzite boulders. Other Collections: Thumb Peak. 27 Oct. 1967, K. Newbey 2727; W slope of Thumb Peak, near base, 23 Oct. 1970, R. D. Royce 921 A. The specific epithet refers to the funnel-like aspect of the leaves in the fresh state. Grevillea involucrata A. S. George sp. nov. Sect. Plagiopoda GrevHleae futgentis C. A. Gardn. affinis, a qua folds brevioribus pinnatisectis 5-13-Iobatis; inflorescentia pauciflora; involucre persistent! ; bracteis fere vel sat glabris; pedicellis glabris; perianthio extus glabri, intus dimidio infero dense hirsute; et stylo graciliori minus Nrsuto differt. ’ Type: Between Hyden and Lake Varley, W.A. (32°41 'S, 1 18°56'E), 30 June 1970, A. S. George 9890. Holo: PERTH, iso: AD, CANB, K, MEL, NSW, PERTH. In spirit collection at PERTH, no. 1300/A. Allied to Grevillea fulgens C. A. Gardn. from which it differs in the shorter pinnatisect leaves with 5-13 lobes; the few-flowered inflorescence; the persistent involucre; the bracts almost or quite glabrous; the glabrous pedicels; the perianth glabrous outside, densely hirsute inside in the lower half; and the more slender, less hirsute style. A spreading shrub to 50 cm tall x 2 m broad. Branches pubescent with both appressed medifixed hairs and short erect glandular hairs. Leaves pinnatisect, 1-3 cm long, divided almost to the midrib into 5-13 linear pungent lobes 4-8’ mm long, appressed-pubescent but becoming glabrous, the margins tightly revolute but the midrib prominent below. Inflorescence terminal or axillary, of 1-3 flowers, the short peduncles with several bracts forming a persistent involucre. Bracts cuneate-obovate, acute, 4-8 mm long (those subtending the flowers the larger), glabrous or with a few appressed hairs outside below the apex, deep pink. Pedicels slender but thickened under the torus, 6-10 mm long, glabrous. Perianth 10-12 mm long without the limb, broad at base, thick’ glabrous outside hirsute inside in the lower half, the limb tightly revolute’ glabrous. Torus oblique, gland widely concave. Style dr 2 cm long, curved ; stipe 1-2 cm long, glabrous anteriorly, hirsute posteriorly; ovary’ densely white-hirsute; style ferruginous-hirsute with basifixed hairs; pollen presenter lateral and vertical, orbicular, thick, the stigmatic groove central, scarcely raised. Fruit not seen. 372 Distribution: known from two localities in southern South-Western Australia, between Hyden and Lake Magenta, where it grows in shallow sand over laterite on open heath. Other cotleclion: ± 6 miles NW of Lake Magenta, 7 July 1971, K. Newhey 3388. The specific epithet refers to the involucre of bracts about the inflorescence. Grevillea olivacea A. S. George sp. nov. Sect. Leiogyne Grevitleae ohtusiJoHae Meisn. affinis, a qua habilu elatiori erect! ; foliis majoribus subtus albo-pubescentibus; rhachidi pedicellisque dense pubescentibus; et perianthio extus pubescent! intus glabr! praeter piles densos circiter ovarium, differt. Type: on the mainland opposite Snag Island, S of Dongara. W.A.; shrub to 2-3 m with red flowers, on low limestone flat, 6 Sept. 1966, S. Chambers 88. Holo: PERTH. Allied to Grevillea ohtusifolia Meisn. from which it differs in the taller, erect habit; the larger leaves white-pubescent below; the rachis and pedicels densely pubescent; and the perianth pubescent outside and glabrous inside except for a ring of hairs about the ovary. A shrub to 4 m, the branches appressed-pubescent becoming glabrous. Leaves narrow-elliptic to oblanceolate, rarely with 1 or 2 small lobes near apex, 3- 5 cm long, obtuse, narrowed into a petiole up to 1 cm long, the margins recurved to loosely revolute, upper surface green, appressed-pubescent at first but soon glabrous, lower surface appressed-white-pubescent; midrib evident on both sides with faint penninervation. Flowers red in short terminal and axillary racemes, the rachis and pedicels densely pubescent. Pedicels 4-5 mm long. Perianth 7-8 mm long (excluding limb), pubescent outside, glabrous inside except for a ring of dense hairs around the ovary, the limb erect in young bud, recurved before anthesis, densely pubescent outside, glabrous inside. Torus straight, gland prominent. Style 25 mm long, slender, glabrous, the stipe 4- 5 mm long; pollen presenter oblique, orbicular, with a prominent stigmatic cone. Fruit ± cylindrical but pouched at base, stipe lateral, apex abruptly tapered into persistent style, 11-13 mm long, glabrous, somewhat rugose. Seeds elliptic but supervolute, 8 mm long, the margins narrowly winged. Distribution: Western Australia, near west coast between Dongara and Jurien Bay: growing in calcareous soil among scrub. Other coUections: 15 miles N of Snag Island, 21 Sept. 1966, S. Chambers 119; Logue River, 26 Aug. 1948, C. A. Gardner 9104 (PERTH, CANB, K, NSW); Stockyard Gully, July 1963, C. A. Gardner s.n.; Stockyard Gully, June 1963, Gabrietson s.n. (PERTH, MEL); Eneabba Reserve, 10 miles NE of Leaman, 2 Aug. 1967, A. C. Kessell 631 (PERTH, AD); Jurien Bay area, Sept. 1957, no coll. The specific epithet refers to the leaf colour which resembles that of olive leaves {Olea europaea L.). Grevillea ripicola A. S. George sp. nov. Sect. Calothyrsus Grevitleae dielsianae C. A. Gardn. adinis, a qua foliorum lobis lineari-lanceolatis planis; perianthii segmentis intus fauce pills reflexis pubescentibus etiam marginibus hreviter, differt. Type: Collie River at Collie, W.A.; growing in gravelly loam along river banks; 15 Oct. 1965 A. S. George 6848. Holo: PERTH, iso: AD, CANB, K, MEL, NSW, PERTH. Allied to Grevillea dielsiana C. A. Gardn., from which it differs in the lobes of the leaves linear-lanceolate, flat; and the perianth segments pubescent in the throat with reflexed hairs and shortly pubescent on the margins. A densely branched shrub to 3 m tall, young growth pubescent, otherwise glabrous apart from the bracts and the inner surface of the perianth. Leaves divided divaricately into 3-5 linear-lanceolate lobes, the lower ones again divided into 2-5 lobes, all 3-nerved, pungent, flat with slightly recurved margins; 373 the whole leaf up to 6 cm long x 8 cm broad, the lobes 1-3 cm long. Flowers pink becoming red, with green limb and pollen presenter, in terminal racemes on short peduncles. Bracts ovate about 0 ■ 5 mm long, pubescent in the upper part and on the margins, very early caducous. Pedicels reflexed, 4-5 mm long. Perianth 8-10 mm long, slightly broader in lower half, the limb reflexed; glabrous outside, inside pubescent in the throat with reflexed hairs and on the margins with shorter, spreading hairs. Torus somewhat oblique; g/onr/ thick. Style 30-35 mm long, slender; stipe 3 mm long; pollen presenter lateral, very oblique, i orbicular, the stigmatic area a small central umbo. Fruit 16-18 mm long, smooth, style persistent. Seeds oblong, slightly crescentic, grooved on inner face. Distribution: South-Western Australia: around Collie, 160 km S of Perth. Grows along river banks in jarrah-marri forest. Other collections: Griffin Bridge, Collie, 27 Nov. 1965, A. R. Fairall 1820 (PERTH, NSW); 4 miles SE of Collie on road to Cardiff, 20 April 1966, A. S. George 7710; Collie, Oct. 1969, P. N. Shedley s.n. The specific epithet refers to the habitat, i.e. growing on river banks. Grevillea scapigera A. S. George sp. nov. Sect. Lissostylis Grevilleae eryngioidi Benth. affinis a qua habitu effuso; foliis minoribus bipinnatifidis longe-petiolaribus lobis angustioribus; inflorescentia simplici pedunculo breviori glabra praeter perianthii pagina interior! hirsuta; bracteis parvis; stylo longiori longe-stipitato; et fructu seminibusque angustioribus, differt. Type: Between Corrigin and Quairading, W.A., on sandplain, 14 Feb. I960, C. V. Malcolm s.n. Holo; PERTH, iso: NSW. Allied to Grevillea eryngioides Benth., from which it differs in the sprawling habit; the smaller, bipinnatifid leaves with narrower lobes, long-petiolate; the simple inflorescence on a shorter peduncle glabrous except for the hirsute inner surface of the perianth; the small bracts; the longer style, long-stipitate; and the narrower fruit and seeds. A shrub, the stems prostrate or slightly ascending, appressed-pubescent. Leaves erect, 3-9 cm long on, slender petioles, bipinnatifid. at first pubescent but soon glabrous; lobes cuneate to lanceolate, flat, pungent. Flowers in dense racemes on leaf-opposed erect peduncles to 30 cm high, simple or rarely branched. Rachis glabrous. Bracts linear, 3 -5-4 -5 mm long, ciliate, caducous. Pedicels slender, 3-5 mm long, glabrous. Perianth pale yellow, narrow, 4-5 mm long, revolute under the limb, glabrous except for spreading hairs inside in the lower half. Tbn/i straight. Sty/e about 18 mm long, slender, minutely papillose; stipe 4-5 mm long; pollen presenter lateral, vertical, obovate with thin undulate margins, the stigmatic groove central, slightly raised. Fruit 1-1-5 cm long, tuberculate. Seeds navicular, smooth, outer surface convex, inner slightly so’ with narrow membranous borders. Distribution: Western Australia: central South-West .between Brookton and Hyden, growing on sandplains. Other collections: Sandplain W of Jubuk, 6 Nov. 1954, N. H. Brittan area, 20 Oct. 1971, N. O'Donnell S1778; Hyden area, 23 Nov. 1970. s.n.; Bendering-Corrigin A'. O'Donnell S1334. The Specific epithet refers to the form of the inflorescence. References Bentham, G. (1873)— Notes on the Styles of Australian Proteaceae. Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany, 13 : 58-64 (these pages published 17 Aug. 1871). Guthrie, L & Salter, T. M. {\95Q)— Proteaceae in Adamson, R. S. and Salter T M • Flora of the Cape Peninsula, Juta and Co., Cape Town. ’ ' Rourke, J. P. (1969)— Taxonomic studies on Sorocephalus R.Br. and Spatalla Salisb. Journal of South African Botany, Supplementary Vol. No. 7. 374 The genus Cenchrus (Poaceae) in Australia By A. S. Weston Abstract A key to the species of Cenchrus in Australia is presented. Comments are made on the synonomy and distribution of the species keyed, particularly with reference to Western Australia. Cenchrus biflorus is recorded for the first time in Western Australia. Introduction Cenchrus is one of many genera of grasses in Australia that are trouble- some both pragmatically and theoretically. The importance of the members of Cenchrus as weeds is indicated by statements made by Burbidge (1970), Gardner (1952), Maiden (1898) and Willis (1962) and by the frequency with which plants of this genus are submitted to the herbaria for identification. Of the nine species found in Australia two have been introduced for erosion control (Willis, 1962) and forage (Gardner, 1952), at least two, both American in origin, are important weeds and only two are native. Yet Bentham (1878) lists three species of Cenchrus, all presumably indigenous, if not endemic, to Australia. One of the three was actually an early adventive from America; it and another species were incorrectly named by Bentham. Now, almost one hundred years later, the confusion concerning the naming and delimiting of Cenchrus is still evident; half of the names used by Gardner (1952) are misapplied or otherwise incorrect, Eichler (1965) expresses uncertainty as to which of two names is the correct one to apply to a species found in South Australia and the adventive plants in Victoria that Willis (1962) calls Cenchrus pauciflorus Benth. would probably fit within the limits set by DeLisle (1963) for Cenchrus longispinus (Hack.) Fern. Twentyman’s discussions (1972) and des- criptions of Cenchrus incertus M. A. Curtis and C. longispinus are a beginning to the resolution of this confusion. As a further step this paper presents a key to the species of Cenchrus known by the author to occur in Australia and in- cludes a species whose name has been misapplied here, Cenchrus trihuioides L. Although the key is intended primarily for use in Western Australia it should be useful anywhere on the continent. It is based upon DeLisle’s treatment (1963) of the genus and an examination of all specimens of Cenchrus in the Western Australian Herbarium. These include representatives of all species known to occur in Australia, with the exception of Cenchrus caliculatus Cav. Cenchrus specimens in the State Herbarium of South Australia were also examined. The key is followed by an alphabetical listing of the keyed species with comments on their synonomy and distribution. Key to the Cenchrus species found in Australia A. Spines connate for more than I /3 of the distance above the base, forming a more or less globose burr or involucre, which encloses 1 or more spikelets; spines or bristles retrorsely barbed or scabrid. B. Burr consisting of 1 whorl of united, flattened spines subtended by at least 1 whorl of smaller and finer bristles. C. Burrs closely crowded in the inflorescence; spines often interlocking; outer bristles equal to or slightly exceeding the inner spines; peduncle ca. 2 mm wide; burrs never, though spines sometimes slightly, purple C. brownii CC. Burrs loosely spaced in the inflorescence; outer bristles mostly ca. 1/2 the length of inner spines; peduncle more than 2 mm wide; burrs often purple C. echinatus 375 BB. Burr consisting of several whorls of flattened spines emerging at irregular intervals throughout the body of the burr and with no row of smaller and finer bristles at the base. C. Spines slender (though often subulate), usually more than 50; burrs short to medium pubescent; 2^ spikelets per burr; florets 5 "8-7 '6 mm long C. longispinus CC. Spines broader at the base, less than 45. D. Burrs glabrous to short pubescent; 2-4 spikelets per burr; florets 3-4- 5 -8 mm long C. incerfus DD. Burrs densely pubescent; 1 spikelet per burr; florets 6 -8-8 -7 mm long C. tribuloides AA. Spines connate to 1 /3 of the distance above the base, forming a small disc or shallow cup. B. Spines retrorsely barbed. C. Spines grooved externally, long ciliate on inner margins C. biflorus CC. Spines terete, densely pubescent below, often 1 spine prolonged beyond the others C. caliculatus BB. Spines antrorsely barbed. C. Spines prolonged beyond the burr none, glabrous or subglabrous, 2-4 mm long C. setigerus CC. Spine(s) prolonged beyond the burr into distinct, slender, scabrid bristle(s). D. Bristles at base of burr 6-10; long bristle 1 ; knob at base of burr; peduncle glabrous C. elymoides DD. Bristles at base of burr at least 20; peduncle ciliate to short pubescent C. ciliaris Cenchrus biflorus Roxb. (Figure 1C) Cenchrus biflorus Roxb., FI. Ind. 1:238 (1820). Cenchrus echinatus Benth. in Hook., Niger FI. 564 (1849). Cenchrus biflorus is a weed of warm temperate to tropical areas. DeLisle (1963) gives its distribution as Africa, Madagascar, Arabia and India, but Hitchcock (1951) reports the introduction of C. biflorus into the United States in ballast and wool waste. The method of its introduction into Australia is unknown as is its distribution outside of Western Australia. The oldest specimen of this species in the W.A. Herbarium was collected in 1933 at Broome, the possible initial point of introduction. Since 1950 it has been collected several times, always in the Fitzroy District of the Northern Botanical Province, where it has been misidentified as C. pauciflorus and C. echinatus. Its habitat preferences are probably similar to those of C. echinatus, with which it has been collected. Cenchrus brownii Roem. et Schult. (Figure ID) Cenchrus brownii Roem. et Schult., Syst. Veg. 2:258 (1817)— Based upon C. inflexus R. Br. Cenchrus inflexus R. Br., Prodr. FI. Nov. Holl. 1:195 (1810), non Poir. (1804). The material upon which Robert Brown based his description of this species was collected by him in Arnhem Bay, northern Australia, in 1803 (Brown, unpublished; Flinders, 1814), and as recently as 1878 (Bentham, 1878) the species was believed to be indigenous to Australia. In fact, it is native to tropical America and was probably the first alien Cenchrus and possibly the first Ameri- can weed to become established in Australia. It is conceivable that it was un- intentionally introduced as early as 1606, by Torres, who sailed from Peru west through the strait named after him but no later than 1793, when Brampton and Alt made the last passage through the Torres Strait prior to the voyage of Flinders’ ship, “The Investigator”, in 1803 (see Flinders, 1814). The only Western Australian specimen in the W.A. Herbarium was collected in Cottesloe, apparently cultivated. It is in the Darwin and Gulf District of the Northern Territory (Chippendale, 1971) and can be expected in coastal areas of adjoining districts in Queensland and Western Australia. 376 Figure 1 — Burrs of: A — C. echinatiis. B — C. incertus. C — C. biflonis. D — C. brownii. £— C. longispinus. F — C. ciliaris. G — C. setigerus. H — C. elymoides. 377 Cenchrus caliculatus Cav. Cenchrus caliculatus Cav., leones 5:40 t.463 (1799). Cenchrus australis R. Br., Prod. FI. Nov. HoII. 1 :196 (1810). Cenchrus anomoplexis Labill., Sert. Austr.-Caled. 14 t.l9 (1824). Cenchrus caliculatus is variously known as “ Spiny Burr Grass ” (Beadle, et al., 1972), “ Large Burr Grass ”, “ Scrub Burr Grass ” and “ Hillside Burr Grass ” (Maiden, 1898). Its long, clinging burrs make it an unpleasant weed of roadsides and pastures, especially on the moist, poorer soils of hillsides. It has a natural distribution that includes islands of the South Pacific, New South Wales and Queensland. Contrary to DeLisle (1963), the species is not recorded from the Northern Territory, nor are any of the specimens he examined from there. Cenchrus ciliaris L. (Figure IF) Cenchrus ciliaris L., Mant. 302 (1771). Pennisetum cenchroides Rich, ex Pers., Syn. PI. 1 -Jl (1805). Cenchrus peimisetiformis Hochst. et Steud. ex Sleud., Nom. ed. II. 1:317 (1840). The highly variable Cenchrus ciliaris, “ Buffel Grass ”, inhabits dry, sandy areas throughout much of Africa and northern India. Esteemed as a fodder and forage grass, it was introduced in the Port Hedland area with camel fodder from India (Gardner, 1952). The earliest W.A. collections were made in Port Hed- land in 1922. Since then its range has been widely extended north east to the Ord River and south east to Kalgoorlie. It is present in all the districts of the Northern Territory (Chippendale, 1971), is adventive on Clifton Hills Station, South Australia (Black, 1943) and probably is common in inland areas of New South Wales and Queensland. It has become established in the Oiiyen District of Victoria, where it was introduced by the Soil Conservation Authority to control erosion (Willis, 1962). Gardner (1952) maintained Cenchrus penniseti- formis as being doubtfully distinct from C. ciliaris, but DeLisle (1963) considered the two names to be synonymous and his treatment is followed here. Cenchrus echinatus L. (Figure lA) Cenchrus echinatus L., Sp. PI. 1050 (1753). Native to warm temperate to tropical America, this species is now a pest in New South Wales, Queensland, the Northern Territory and Western Austra- lia. In W.A. it has been reported from the tropics and as far south as Wagin. The earliest collection in the W.A. Herbarium was made in 1931 at Shark Bay the only location given for this weed by Gardner (1952^ and in 1933 it was collected at Broome. It may have become established in W.A. well before then and be much more common and widespread than is indicated by the number and provenances of the specimens in the herbarium. Unfortunately, weeds especi- ally ones with spines, are too frequently eschewed by collectors. Cenchrus elymoides F. Muell. (Figure IH) Cenchrus elymoides F. Muell., Fragm. 8:107 (1873). Pennisetum elymoides (F. Muell.) C. A. Gardn., FI. W.Austral. 276 (1952). C. elymoides is the only species of Cenchrus endemic to Australia It occurs only in the far north: north of Townsville in Queensland, the Darwin and Gulf and the Victoria River Districts in the Northern Territory fChippen dale, 1971) and the Ord District of the Northern Botanical Province in Western Australia. It is reputedly useful as a fodder (Bailey, 1909). On the basis of what he described as “perfectly free bristles”, Gardner (1952) transferred Cenchrus elymoides to Pennisetum. However, because the inner series of “ bristles ” (spines) is connate in the lower part and because the outer bristles are not entirely free but arise from a swollen knob at the base of the spikelet 378 the species is better left in Cenchrus. Like C. caliculatus, C. elymoides is dis- tinguished from the alien species in Australia by the long, solitary bristle extending beyond the spines. Cenchrus incertus M. A. Curtis (Figure IB) Cenchrus incerliis M. A. Curtis, Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. J. 1:135 (1837). Cenchrus paucifhriis Bcnth., Bot. Voy. H.M.S. Sulphur 56 (18841. With C. echinatus, this species is the most nearly cosmopolitan weed in the genus. Like C. echinatus it is native in warm temperate to tropical America and has become well established in Australia, primarily in New South Wales and Queensland. The only Western Australian specimens of C. incertus were col- lected in the Darling District of the South western Botanical Province, but the species can be expected in other parts of the state. The first record of this species in Australia is from north eastern New South Wales in 1921 (see Twenty- man, 1963), but it was collected near Bunbury, Western Australia only six years later. Although Cenchrus pauciflorus is here included in C. incertus neither of the specimens upon which Gardner (1952) based his inclusion of the former species in his Flora of Western Australia can be placed in the latter species. One was a misidentified specimen of C. hiflorus, and the other belongs to C. longpisinus. Cenchrus longispinus (Hack.) Fern. (Figure IE) Cenchrus longispinus (Hack.) Fern., Rhodora 45:388 (1943). Cenchrus echinatus L. forma longispina Hackel in Kneucker, Allg. Bot. Zeitschr. 9:169 (1903). Cenchrus pauciflorus Benth. var. longispinus (Hack.) Jansen et Wachter, Nederl. Kruidk. Archief 56:246 (1949). Indigenous to the central and eastern United States, C. longispinus is the most temperate species in the genus. It is the only one recorded by DeLisle (1963) for cold temperate continental Canada and, at Boscabel (near Kojonup), is the most southerly occurring Cenchrus in Western Australia. To date it is recorded from W.A. only in the Avon and Stirling Districts of the South- western Botanical Province, but in the eastern states its range extends north of Brisbane and includes New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia. The lirst Australian collection of this species was in 1895, from south central Victoria (Twentyman, 1972). The earliest W.A. collection of C. longispinus was from South Caroling in 1924. Cenchrus setigerus Vahl. (Figure IG) Cenchrus seligerus Vahl., Enum. PI. 2:395 (1806). Cenchrus ciliaris L, var. setigerus (Vahl.) Maire et Weiller in Maire, FI. Afr. du N. 1 :342 (1952). Cenchrus setigerus was in Western Australia by 1929 and now occurs from the Ord River, in the north east, to at least as far south as Carnarvon. Its native range and origin are similar to those of C. ciliaris and, like that species, it is a good fodder grass. C. seligerus was introduced into north western Australia from India under the name of “ Birdwood Grass ” (Gardner, 1952). C. setigerus and C. ciliaris are both apomictic (see DeLisle, 1963), a character advantageous to such colonizing species. Cenchrus tribuloides L. Cenchrus tribuloides L., Sp. PI. 1050 (1753). Known as the “ Dune Sandburr ” in the United States, C. tribuloides is restricted to sandy coastal areas of the eastern United States south of New York 379 and to a few isolated localities to as far south as Brazil. Generally the Australian plants identified as C. tribulokles are C. longispinus although some might be C. incertus (including C. pauciflorus) (see Twentyman, 1963). What Black (1943) reports as appearing at Renmark about 1910 is probably C. longispinus. Acknowledgement The loan of specimens by Hj. Eichler, as Keeper of the State Herbarium of South Australia, is much appreciated. References Note: the author has not consulted the original descriptions of species cited except those that are included among the references of the following list. Bailey. F. M, (1909) — Comprehensive Catalogue of Queensland Plants — Government Printer: Brisbane. Beadle, N. C. W., Evans, O. D. & Carolin, R. C. (1972) — Flora of the Sydney Region — A. H. & A. W. Reed: Sydney. Bentham, G. (1878) — Flora Australiensis, Vol. 7 — L. Reeve: London. Black, J. M. (1943) — Flora of South Australia, Part 1 — Government Printer: Adelaide. Brown, R. (unpublished) — Botanical Descriptions of Australian Plants — held by The British Museum (Natural Flistory). Burbidge, N. T. (1968) — Australian Grasses, Vol. 2 — Angus & Robertson: Sydney. Burbidge, N. T. (1970) — Australian Grasses, Vol. 3 — Angus & Robertson: Susney. Chippendale. G. M. (1972) — Check list of Northern Territory plants. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 96: 207-267. DeLisle, D. G. (1963)— Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Ceiichnis. Iowa St. J. of Sci. 37: 259-351. Eichler, Hj. (1965) — Supplement to J. M. Black’s Flora of South Australia — Government Printer: Adelaide. Flinders, M.(1914)— Voyage to Terra Australis, Vol. 2— G. & W. Nicol: Pall-Mall (London). Gardner, C. A. (1952) — Flora of Western Australia, Vol. 1, Part 1 — Government Printer: Perth. Hitchcock, A. S. (1951)— Manual of the Grasses of the United States — U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington. Maiden, J. H. (1898) — Manual of the Grasses of New South Wales — Government Printer* Sydney. Twentyman, J. D. (1972) — Notes on two species of Cenchrus (Gramineae) in Australia Muelleria 2:164-168. Willis, J. H. (1962) Handbook to Plants in Victoria, Vol. 1 — Melbourne University Press: Parkville (Melbourne). 380 Five new species of Adenanthos (Proteaceae) from Western Australia By A. S. George Abstract The following new species of Adenanthos are described and their relation- ships discussed: A. acanthophyUns sp. nov., A. elliplicus sp, nov., A. graciUpes sp. nov,, A. slictiis sp. nov., and A. teges sp. nov. Introduction Recognition of the following new species of Adenanthos arose during preliminary work on the genus towards the Flora of Western Australia. All belong to the Section Stenolaeina in which all four anthers are perfect. Notes on Morphology In Adenanthos the zygomorphic perianth is arranged antero-posteriorly so that there is a posticous and an anticoiis segment and two lateral ones. The anticous one is the broadest, the posticous the narrowest, with the lateral ones intermediate but more similar to the anticous one. They form a tube in the lower half but separate above. Before anthesis, the posticous segment separates to a lower level than the others but may adhere on either side to the adjacent segment, and the style, except for the pollen presenter, emerges on the more deeply split side. The pollen presenter is held until anthesis within the limb, when the latter opens to free it, bearing the pollen. The limb of the anticous segment recurves more than the others, and its anther may reflex against the claw. A ring of straight, erect hairs usually surrounds the base of the perianth, and another surrounds the ovary. The gender of Adenanthos The name Adenanthos, for many years treated as feminine, is here given masculine gender. The International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (1972), Chapter VI Section 2, Recommendation 75A, states: “ Similarly, all modern compounds ending in -ceras, -dendron, -nenui, -stigma, -stoma, and other neuter words should be neuter. The fact that Robert Brown and Bunge respectively made Aceras and Xanthoceras feminine is immaterial. An exception should be made for names ending in -anthos (or -antinis) and -chilos (chilns or -chei/os), which ought to be neuter, since that is the gender of the Greek words anthos and cheilos, but which have gener- ally been treated as masculine and should have that gender assigned to them.” In Australia most genera of the latter endings are already treated as masculine, e.g. Acianthus, Angianthiis, Phyllanthiis, Calochiliis, Eriochdus, etc. In order to further settle nomenclature, the Recommendation has been adopted for some time in Western Australia for Adenanthos and is followed here. Similarly, the genus Anigozanthos is now treated as masculine (Geerinck, 1970, p. 261). 381 Adenanthos acanthophyllus A. S. George sp. nov. Derivation of epithet: Greek, acantha, a spine or prickle, and phyllon, a leaf. Frutex multicaulis ad 5 m altiis cum lignotubero. Folio rhombeo-lunata 15-25 mm longa, 18-40 mm lata, profunde trilobata, lobis deniie 2-3-lobatis; lobi triangulari-ovati 4-10 mm longi in spinis pungentibus contracti; laminae crassae aliquantum undulatae mar- ginibus planis venatione furcato-reticulata; petiolis teretibus 5-10 mm longis; folia juvenes pubescentes, deinde glabra. Flores soiitarii in pedunculos 3-4 mm longos. Bracteae ovato-Ianceolatae, acutae, 2-8 mm longae, appresso-pubescentes. Perianthium 24-28 mm longum limbo acuto 2-3 mm longo, intus glabrum, extus pilis brevibus longisque pubescens. Antherae sessiles 2 mm longae. Squamae hypogynae oblongae 2-5 mm longae. Ovarium breviter pubescens. Stylus glaber. Fructus fusiformis, obtuso-truncatus, 5-7 mm longus, breviter pubescens. Type: Nanga Station, on road to Tamala, 5 miles SW of turnoff from Denham road. Western Australia— 26°34'S. 113°55'E, 15 July 1973, A. S. George 11671. Holo: PERTH, iso: CANB. K, MEL, NSW, PERTH. A broad, dense shrub to 3 m tall, occasionally to 5 m, with many stout, erect or spreading stems arising from a lignotuber. Bark smooth, light grey. Branchlets terete, yellowish, pubescent with short curled hairs and a few straight ones, becoming glabrous after a few years. Leaves deeply 3-lobed, each lobe again 2-3-lobed, or when small simply 3-lobed, rarely entire; rhombic to lunate in outline, 15-25 mm long, 18-40 mm wide, the lobes often unequal, triangular-ovate, 4-10 mm long, contracted into a pungent, acuminate spine; lamina dr undulate, sclerophyllous, margins fiat, venation furcate-reticulate, pubescent when young, becoming glabrous; petiole terete, 5-10 mm long, pubescent. Flowers pale pink and green, solitary, a.xillary in the uppermost axils; peduncles 3-4 mm long, bearing a few scattered, ovate bracts less than 1 mm. Involucral bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute to acuminate, the outermost 2 mm long, the innermost 7-8 mm, appressed-pubescent. Perianth 24-28 mm long including the limb of 2-3 mm; tube slightly swollen above base, then narrowed to the limb which is acute; tube moderately pubescent with short and long, straight to curled hairs, the limb with mostly long straight hairs; perianth glabrous within. Anthers sessile, 2 mm long, the connective broad, slightly produced, obtuse. Hypogynous scales oblong, 2-5 mm long, shortly united to the perianth. Ovary shortly pubescent. Style glabrous; pollen presenter 2 mm long, flattened on the lower side but the apex laterally compressed, otherwise smooth and rounded, the stigmatic groove terminal Fruit fusiform but swollen, obtuse-truncate, shortly spreading-pubescent, with a ring of straight, erect hairs 5-7 mm long around the base. Bracts slightly enlarged about fruit. Distribution: central west coast of Western Australia: restricted to the southern end of Nanga Station just south of Shark Bay, where it is relatively frequent. Other collection: type locality, 26 August 1969, A. S. George s.n. (PERTH). This unusual species differs from all others of the genus especially in the form of its leaves. The only other species with pungent leaves is A. pungens Meisn., in which they are divided into terete lobes. A. acanthophyllus is much more robust than other species, fts stems are thick and woody, and the whole shrub is quite dense. Only A. cygnorunt Diels approaches it in the size of the stems, but it is more brittle than the new species. Geographically the species is of great interest, ft is the only Adenanthos in the area, the nearest locality for another species being A. cygnorunt near the Murchison River nearly 1 50 km to the south, ft is also at the northern extrem- ity of the South-West Botanical Province, in an area where several other taxa of unusual interest occur, e.g. Newcastelia chrysophylla C. A. Gardn., Grevillea rogersoniana C. A. Gardn. and Eucalyptus roycei Carr, Carr & George. These and many other species form a tall, fairly dense shrubland on deep red sand. 382 Adenanthos ellipticus A. S. George sp. nov. Derivation of epithet: Latin, ellipticus, elliptic, in reference to the leaf- shape. Friitex patenti-ramosus ad 5 m altus .sine lignotubero. Folia elliptica, 2-5 cm longa, 5-15 mm lata, plana vel concava, plerumque Integra, raro apicibus 2-3-lobatis, 3-5-nervata, breviter tomentosa, in petiolis 4-10 mm longis angustata. Flores axillares in pedunculos graciles 6-12 mm longos. Bracleae ovato-ellipticae, obtusae, 1-3 longae, pubescentes. Perianthium 22-23 mm longum limbo 4 mm longo, intus glabrum praeter pilos longos post antheram, extus pills brevibus rectis pubescens. Antherae sessiles 2-5 mm longae. Squamae hypogynae late obtusae, I -3 mm longae, ad basin cum perianthio connatae. Ovarium doliiforme, breviter pubescens. Stylus 29-32 mm longiis, dimidio supero patenti-hirsuto, ad basin glaber. Fructus doliiformis 6-7 mm longus, parce pubescens. Tvpe: East Mt. Barren, Fitzgerald River National Park, Western Australia — 33°55'.S, I20''02'E, 9 September 1971, A. S. George 10968. Holo: PERTH, iso: CANB, K, NSW. PERTH. In spirit collection at PERTH, no. 1310 /A. A rather slender, openly-branched shrub to 5 m high, without a lignoluber. Branchlets erect or ascending, terete, tomentose with somewhat curled, simple hairs, wearing off after several years leaving a smooth bark. Leaves elliptic, mostly 2-5 cm long, 5-15 mm wide (sometimes smaller and narrower); flat, (or concave in upper half), entire or with 2-3 obtuse lobes 1-4 mm long; 3-5-nerved (when 5 the inner 3 more prominent); shortly tomentose with curled, i appressed hairs; contracted into a terete petiole 4-10 mm long; a small, yellow-orange gland at the apex of the leaf or each lobe. Flowers dull pink or red, axillary on slender peduncles 6-12 mm long bearing a few scattered bracts up to I mm long, involucral bracts about 4, ovate-elliptic, obtuse, 1-3 mm long. Perianth 22-23 mm long at anthesis, including the limb of 4 mm long; tube contracted about ovary, broader above, then narrowed towards the limb; pubescent outside with short, straight hairs, glabrous inside e.xcept for silky hairs behind the anther. Anthers sessile, 2 • 5 mm long, connective produced into a short acute appendage. Hypogynous seales oblong, obtuse, thin, 1-3 mm long, fused to perianth in lower 3/4. Ovary doliform, shortly pubescent, the long basal hairs slightly exceeding the ovary. Style 29-32 mm long, upper half spreading-hirsute, becoming glabrous below. Pollen presenter 2-5 mm long, with a slight kink just above the base, almost terete but the apex laterally compressed, obtuse; stigmatic groove terminal. Fruit 6-7 mm long, doliform with the truncate apex slightly curved postically; irregularly ribbed, sparsely pubescent, with long hairs about base. Bracts enlarged to 9 mm long in fruit. Distribution: south coast of Western Australia: restricted to East Mt. Barren in the Fitzgerald River National Park. Other collections: all from East Mt. Barren: 26 Nov. 1931, W. E. Blackall 1433 and C. A. Gardner 2953; 31 Jan. I960, A. S. George 572; 21 April 1962, A. S. George 3671A; 25 Oct. 1964, K. Newhey 1451. (All at PERTH) The affinity of this species is with Adenanthos ciineatus Labill. and A. stictus A. S. (jeorge (see below). However, its leaves are usually entire, have more prominent nervation and lack the small glands over the surface. It is much taller than A. cuneatus and lacks a lignotuber which the latter has. A. cuneatus also occurs around East Mt. Barren, but the two taxa remain distinct. A. stictus is far removed geographically, and though of tall habit is more densely branched than A. ellipticus. Adenanthos gracilipes A. S. George sp. nov. Derivation of epithet: Latin, gracilis, slender, and pes, a foot, in reference to the slender peduncles. 383 Frutex effusus ad 70 cm altus. Folia sessilia, 1-3 cm longa, in lobis 3 teretibus angustis divisa, lobi etiam 1-furcati, obtusi, cum glande miniata sub apice, parce appresso-pubescentes, deinde glabra; lobis 3-15 mm longis. Flores axillares soliiarii in pedunculos graciles glabros 3-5 mm longus. Bracteae ovatae, obtusae, exteriores 1-2 mm, interiores 3-4 mm longae, fere glabrae marginibus ciliatis, cum glande miniata sub apice. Perianfhitim 17-18 mm longum; ungues fere aequales, extus dense pubescentes, intus glabri; limbus 2-5 mm longus, obtusus, cum glande miniata sub apice, extus dense pubescens, intus cum pilis longis post antherum. Antherae 1-5 mm longae. connectivis breviter productis, acutis. Squamae hypogynae anguste-ovalae, obtusae, minus quam I mm longae. Ovarium breviter hirsutum. Stylus glaber, 23-25 mm longus. Type: tb 65 km E of Lake King, on Norseman road, Western Australia. 15 Sept. 1964, R. H. Kuciwl 1817. Holo: PERTH, iso; AD, CANS, PERTH. A low, spreading shnih to 70 cm tall. Branchlets terete, reddish, appressed- pubescent, becoming glabrous after 1-2 years. Leaves sessile, 1-3 cm long, divided for 1/3-1 /2-way into 3 terete, narrow lobes, these again often once- forked; lobes 3-15 mm long, obtuse but with a small orange-red gland below the somewhat uncinate apex; sparsely appressed-pubescent with straight hairs, becoming glabrous but slightly scabrous. Flowers pink, solitary in the woolly, uppermost axils, on slender, glabrous peduncles 3-5 mm long, the latter sometimes bearing a few minute bracts. Invohicral bracts ovate, obtuse, outer ones 1-2 mm long, the inner 3-4 mm, with a small red gland below the apex, almost glabrous on both sides, the margins ciliate. Perianth 17-18 mm long, the tube swollen about the ovary, narrowed above; claws almost equal, densely pubescent outside with straight, spreading hairs, glabrous within; limb 2-5 mm long, obtuse, with an oval red gland on the outer surface below the apex, densely pubescent outside, with a few long hairs inside behind the anthers. Anthers 1-5 mm long, the connective shortly produced, acute. Hypogynous scales narrow-ovate, obtuse, less than 1 mm long, shortly united to the perianth. Ovary shortly hirsute. Style glabrous, somewhat flattened in upper half, 23-25 mm long; pollen presenter 1-5 mm long, ^ terete but finely ribbed, the apex laterally com- pressed. Fruit not seen. Distribution: South-Western Australia, between Hyden, Lake King and Salmon Gums. Other collections: 300 mile peg, Hyden-Norseman road, 26 Oct. 1964, J. S. Beard 3853; sine loc., 1965, W. Rogerson 239. (All at PERTH) Adenanihos gracilipes is a distinctive species with no very close allies. It is somewhat similar to A. apiculatus R.Br. which is of similar, sprawling habit. However the new species has leaves with thicker, widely-spreading lobes, the peduncles are longer and very slender, and the involucres and flowers are different in many respects. Adenanthos stictus A. S. George sp. nov. Derivation of epithet; Greek, stictos, spotted, in reference to the small glands over the leaf surface. Frutex ramosus ad 5 m altus ramis erectis vel ascendeniibus. Folia anguste-ad late- cuneata, 15-35 mm longa petiolis 5-10 mm longis, apicibus 3-6-lobatis lobis triangularibus obtusis 1^ mm longis cum glandibus miniatis terminalibus; lamina plana, 5-25 mm lata, utrinque sericeo-pubescens tandem ± glabra, glandibus atro-rufis multis punctata. /Tore? axillares, solitarii, in pedunculos 7-13 mm longos. Bracteae ovatae 1-3 mm longae, sericeo-pubescentes, obtusae vel acutae, apicibus canaliculatis cum glandibus parvis. Perianthium 23-25 mm longum extus hirsutum intus glabrum, limbo 3-4 mm longo sub-acuto extus hirsute intus post antheram sericeo. Antherae 3 mm longae connectivis brevibus. Squamae hypogynae cum perianthio pro 1-5 mm connatae, partibus liberis minus quam 1 mm longis, obtuse-lobatis. Ovarium breviter pubescens. Stylus 29-32 mm longus, ad basin glaber, supra breviter hirsutus, deinde glaber. Type: - 8 miles N of Marchagee on Geraldton Hwy, Western Australia — 29°57'S, 116’04'E, 10 Sept. 1970, A. S. George 10379. Holo; PERTH, iso; AD, CANB, K, MEL, NSW, PERTH, RSA. 384 A much-branched, grey-green shrub to 5 m tall without a lignotuber, the branches erect or ascending. Branchlets terete, densely pubescent with straight, appressed hairs, becoming glabrous. Leaves narrowly to broadly cuneate, mostly 15-35 mm long including the petiole of 5-10 mm; apex 3-6- lobed, rarely entire when small or with up to 9 lobes in seedling leaves, the lobes triangular, often unequal, 1-4 mm long, obtuse, terminating in a yellow- orange gland; lamina flat, 5-25 mm wide, silky-pubescent on both sides, at length ± glabrous, dotted with many small dark red-brown glands, more numerous on the upper surface; venation furcate. Flowers dull reddish-pink and green, axillary, solitary, on slender ped- uncles 7-13 mm long, the latter bearing scattered, ovate bracts ;1 1 mm long. Invohicral bracts 4-6, ovate, 1-3 mm long, silky-pubescent, obtuse to acute, the apex canaliculate and tipped with a small orange-yellow gland. Perianth 23-25 mm long (including the limb of 3-4 mm), hirsute outside with rather spreading hairs, glabrous inside, the limb sub-acute, hirsute outside, silky inside behind the anther. Anther sessile, 3 mm long, connective shortly produced. Hypogynous scales united to perianth for 1-5 mm, the free part less than 1 mm long, obtusely lobed. Ovary shortly pubescent, the long basal hairs 4 mm long. Style 29-32 mm long, glabrous at base, shortly hirsute above, but glabrous towards apex; pollen presenter 2-2-5 mm long, scarcely thicker than style apex. Fruit 7-8 mm long, oblong but narrowed at apex, obtuse, smooth, sparsely and shortly pubescent, with a basal ring of straight, erect hairs. Distribution: South-Western Australia, between Coorow and Marchagee, growing in deep sand on heath. Other collections: W of Coorow, 25 Sept. 1962, J. S. Beard 1933; Marchagee, 14 Jan. 1931, C. A. Gardner s.n.; Watheroo National Park, 7 Oct. 191 R. D. Royce 9695. (All at PERTH ) Aclenanthos slictus is the equivalent on the heaths north of Perth of A. cuneatus Labill. on the south coastal heaths. The two are closely related and possibly form a vicarious pair. A. cuneatus differs in having a lignotuber; in its lower habit; in the leaves having straight margins and shorter petioles, with a more silky and appressed indumentum which is also more persistent; in the very inconspicuous glands; in the denser, closer, indumentum of the flowers; and in the style having long, spreading hairs as well as short ones. The new growth of A. cuneatus is much more red than that of A. st ictus, and the leaf surface does not wrinkle so much on drying. Adenanthos teges A. S. George sp. nov. Derivation of epithet: Latin, teges, a mat, in reference to the habit. Friilex prostratus ad 3 m latus, sine lignotubero. Ramidi teretes, dense tomentosi pilibus brevibus longisqiie crispatis. Folia variabilia, ternato-divisa lobis filiformibus tereti- bus, lateralibus plerumque etiain furcatis; ea ad basin surculorum 6-7 mm longa, supra majora, ad 20 mm longa; ea floralibus simpliciter ternata vel Integra, 25-28 mm longa; omnia laxe appresso-hirsuta, cum glandibus miniatis sub apices loborum. Flores terminales in pedunculos 1-2 mm longos. Bracleae triangulari-ovatae, 1-3 mm longae, obtusae, pubescentes. Perianlhinm 15-16 mm longum, extus breviter hirsutum, intus glabrum, limbo acuto 2 ■ 5 mm longo extus hirsute intus post antherum sericeo. Aniherae 1 -25 mm longae, connectivis prominenter et anguste productis. Squamae hypogynae ca. 1 mm longae, oblongae, obtusae. Ovarium breviter pubescens. Stylus 27-28 mm longus, glaber. Type: North-east of Mundaring Weir, d= 32 km east of Perth, Western Australia — 31°57'S, 116°17'E, 7 December 1973, A. S. George 11758. Holo: PERTH, iso: PERTH, CANB, K, NSW. In spirit collection at PERTH, no. 1523 /B. A prostrate, mat-like shrub to 3 m broad, without a lignotuber, the branch- lets rarely ascending, not rooting. Branchlets terete, densely tomentose with short and long curled hairs, the latter disappearing with age; when young with a few very long hairs also. 385 Leaves variable, usually ternately divided into filiform, terete lobes, the lateral lobes again once-forked (rarely also ternate); leaves at the base of the annual shoots 6-7 mm. becoming up to 20 mm long above; floral leaves simply ternate or undivided, 25-28 mm long, very slender; all leaves loosely appressed- hirsute with straight hairs (somewhat curled towards leaf base); the longer leaves (especially the floral ones) also with long spreading hairs; each lobe with a lateral orange-red oval gland at the apex. Flowers 1-4 together on peduncles 1-2 mm long at the end of the branch- lets. Involiicral bracts triangular-ovate, the outermost 1 mm long, the inner 3 mm, obtuse, pubescent. Perianth 15-16 mm long, including the limb of 2-5 mm; claws shortly hirsute (more densely in upper half), glabrous within; limb acute, shortly spreading-hirsute outside, with long, coarse hairs inside behind the anthers. Anthers 1 -25 mm long, connective produced into a prom- inent, narrow appendage. Hypogynoiis scales a little over 1 mm long, oblong, obtuse, united with perianth in basal third. Ovary shortly pubescent. Style 27-28 mm long, glabrous, pollen presenter 1-25 mm long, the base scarcely compressed, much thicker than the apex of the style, the upper part laterally compressed, with the stigmatic groove set obliquely on the dorsal side of the apex. Fruit not seen. Distribution: restricted to a few populations on the Darling Plateau, near Mundaring Weir and Chidlow, east of Perth. Other collections: type locality, December 1969, A. B. Selkirk (PERTH); ± 2 km north of Chidlow, Western Australia — 31°5rS, 116°16'E, 7 December 1973, A. S. George 11759 (PERTH, MEL, RSA). Adenanthos leges is remarkable for its dense, mat-like habit: the margins of the plant can be lifted almost like a carpet and then replaced on the ground. It was discovered in 1966 by Mr. A. B. Selkirk, of the Forests Department of W.A., who w'as intrigued by its resistance to burning. During controlled- burning of the forest near Mundaring, this plant not only resisted burning but in doing so protected those plants growing within the margin of the “ mats ”. The species is allied to A. cygnorum Diels and A. sericeus Labill. Besides the markedly different habit, it differs from both in the smaller flowers, the indumentum, and the larger glands at the apices of the lobes of the leaves. A. cygnorum has thicker leaves, often more divided than those of A. teges and occurs on deep sands of the coastal plain north and south of Perth. A. sericeus has bright red flowers, and occurs in deep sand or rocky sand of the south coastal heaths from Albany to Israelite Bay. A. teges grows in lateritic soils in Jarrah forest (Eucalyptus marginata Donn. ex Sm.) in a few localities near Mundaring Weir, east of Perth. Adenanthos apiculatus R.Br. also is a broad, low shrub, often prostrate but with the ultimate branchlets ascending or erect, and its habit is more open than that of A. teges. It has a sparser indumentum on vegetative parts, the leaves becoming glabrous or almost so. The leaf lobes are uncinate over the sub-terminal glands. The perianth is only 10-12 mm long and is densely hirsute outside including the limb, while the pollen presenter is prominent and laterally compressed. A. apiculatus inhabits south coastal sandheaths between Denmark and Cape Riche, extending inland to the Stirling Range. Reference Geerjnck, D. (1970) — Revision du genre Anigozanthos Labill. Bull. Jard. Bot. Nat. Belg. 40: 261-276. Publication date of Volume 1 Number 3 The publication date of Volume 1 Number 3 was 14 November 1972. 19787/7/73— IM WILLIAM C. BROWN, Government Printer, Western Australia i t t ‘'kit.lLN.. ■i'.- CONTENTS Page Nigromnia, a new genus of Goodeniaceae. By R. C. Carolin 292 Notes on Eucalyptus brachycorys Blakely and E. comitae-vallis Maiden. By M. I. H. Brooker 294 Six new species of Eucalyptus from Western Australia. By M. I. H. Brooker 297 Studies in the genus Acacia — 2. Miscellaneous new phyllodinous species. By B. R. Maslin 315 Studies in the genus Acacia — 3. The taxonomy of A. saligna (Labill.) H. Wendl. By B. R. Maslin 332 A new species of Phebaliam from south-eastern New South Wales. By P. G. Wilson 341 Ptilotus alexandri Beni sp. nov. (Amaranthaceae). By G. Beni 344 Taxonomic studies in Thomasia and Lasiopetalum (Sterculiaceae). By Susan Paust 348 A new species of Anigozanthos from Western Australia. By A. S. George 367 Seven new species of Grevillea (Proteaceae) from Western Australia. By A. S. George 370 The genus Cenchrus (Poaceae) in Australia. By A. S. Weston 375 Five new species of Adenanthos (Proteaceae) from Western Australia. By A. S. George 381 Publication date of Volume 1 Number 3 386