!.■

Occasional Papers

OF THE

CALIFORNIA
ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

XI

SAN FRANCISCO

Published by the Academy

March 18, 1925

COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATION

George C. Edwards, Chairman

C. E. Grunsky

Barton Warren Evermann, Editor

Fauna and Stratigraphic

Relations of the Tejon Eocene

at the Type Locality in

Kern County,

California

BY

FRANK M. ANDERSON

AND

G. DALLAS HANNA

Department of Paleontology

SAN FRANCISCO

California Academy of Sciences

March 18, 1925

CONTENTS

PAGE

Introduction ......... 5

Marine Eocene Deposits of California .... 6

The Proper Limits of the Tejon Group .... 8

Historical Notes on the California Eocene .... 12

Eocene Subdivisions by Various Authors in Tabular Form 23

Type Locality of the Tejon Group 24

Local Geology of the Tejon Group ..... 28

Paleontology of the Tejon Group ..... 36

Collecting Stations in the Tejon Group ..... 39

Special Collections ........ 40

Checklist of Species ........ 41

Table or Reported Species ...... 45

Description of Species ........ 46

Cephalopoda . 49

Gastropoda 50

Scaphopoda 143

Pelecypoda .......... 146

Crustacea .......... 191

Echinodermata ......... 192

Vermes 193

Coelenterata . . 193

Illustrations of Species ..... Plates 1 to 15

Geological Map Plate 16

Index 227

<3/'^8D

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEION EOCENE 5

Introduction

In 1854 a portion of the Pacific Railroad Survey expe-
dition under Lieutenant R. S. Williamson camped in what
is now Kern County, California, In the vicinity of old Fort
Tejon. The geologist of the party, W.P.Blake, made numer-
ous excursions In the region during which some paleontologic
specimens were collected. In "Canada de las Uvas", now
known as Grapevine Creek, he picked up a float boulder
containing fossils and this soon passed Into the hands of
T. A. Conrad. Several species new to science were detected
in the small collection and the age of the formation from
which it came was definitely determined as Eocene. Thus was
initiated the long series of studies on California paleontology
which have followed.

The strata from which the boulder came were located by
subsequent workers and were given the name "Tejon." The
Group has been found to be a distinct portion of the Eocene
Series, demarked both above and below by profound uncon-
formities. For this reason and because of its historical im-
portance the "Tejon" has become the basis of a voluminous
literature on west American Eocene.

A large and well preserved fauna has been found in the
Group and many species have been first described from there.
But a great many others have been listed as occurring In the
strata without proper discrimination or through errors of
various kinds. No thorough systematic study of the fauna has
heretofore been completed, yet a knowledge of the Tejon
is essential before studies on other portions of western
Eocene can well be attempted. In order to meet this need
the senior author in 1913 and 1914 had large collections
of fossils made at this and other horizons of possible equiva-
lent age from Seattle, Washington, to San Diego, California.
It was then proposed to make a thorough study of the fauna
of the Tejon Group at its Type Locality and use this as a
basis for correlation elsewhere. Other tasks interfered and
the work has been delayed until this time.

In the preparation of the report we have enjoyed the
advantages of having very large collections with which to

g CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

work. By far the most Important is that of the California
Academy of Sciences. The University of CaHfornia also
possesses a large collection from the region and this was
generously placed at our disposal by Professor Bruce L.
Clark. Another large collection of beautifully preserved
Tejon material was made by Mr. G. C. Gester, This be-
came the property of the Southern Pacific Company and
has recently been deposited in the California Academy of
Sciences through the office of Professor E. T. Dumble.

We wish to express our greatest appreciation for the
assistance rendered by those above mentioned; also to Mr.
Marcus A. Hanna of the University of Washington for the
loan of valuable comparative material from San Diego.

MARINE EOCENE DEPOSITS OF CALIFORNIA

Distribution: The marine Eocene deposits of California
are known to extend throughout the coast region from below
the Mexican border northward for nearly 600 miles to their
most northern occurrence in the valley of Clear Lake, Lake
County. South of the Tehachapi Mountains in southern
California they are extensive and well developed, making
up either the whole or considerable parts of several impor-
tant ranges, such as the Santa Ynez, San Cayatano, Santa
Susana and other Coast Ranges, and over wide areas are
covered by later Tertiary formations.

North of the Tehachapi Mountains in central California,
where these deposits are chiefly of interest in this paper,
they not only have a great development, but it is here per-
haps that they appear in their most complete and most
legible sequence, and where, therefore, they are most
advantageously studied. They are found on both borders
of the central valley at intervals, and doubtless pass beneath
it where they are covered by later sediments. Along the
flanks of the Sierra Nevada Mountains from Butte County
southward they have been found at several points, as at
Table Mountain, Marysville Buttes, lone, and on the
Merced River, and also farther south in the region of the
Tehachapi Mountains. On the opposite side of the valley
they extend along the Mount Diablo Range as far south as

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE J

McKittrick, and they appear also in the outer Coast Ranges
farther west bordering the Temblor Basin.

It appears from a closer study of these deposits that
during Eocene time, as during later Tertiary periods, the
area was normally sensitive to the crustal stresses that
affected the margin of the continent, and oscillations of land
level have been perhaps more plainly recorded here than
elsewhere on the coast. The region seems to have been
structurally and otherwise well constituted to respond to
such stresses, and to preserve the records of all the more
important dynamic events of Tertiary time, even as it is at
present.

Volume: It is not claimed that the thickest development
of the Eocene deposits of California is in the central valley,
although they attain here a stratigraphic volume of over
6,000 feet, according to estimates that have been made. In
contrast with the smaller aggregate of the Eocene deposits
of the Gulf Coast this estimate for the California Eocene
seems large, though it is much less than the estimates for
parts of the Rocky Mountains, and less also than that of
western Oregon or Washington. Contrasted with the vol-
ume of Eocene strata in western Europe, with the exception
possibly of England, that of central California is by no
means exceptional, or even above average.

In regard to composition there is considerable variety,
since there are not only strata of detrital origin, but some
more or less organic in character, including calcareous, as
well as carbonaceous and lignitic beds, where coal mining
has been carried on extensively in the past. The time repre-
sented by this accumulation has been very long and the
volume serves to emphasize, rather than illustrate the long
duration of the Eocene period. It need occasion no surprise,
then, that this volume of sediment, situated as it is in a basin,
and region, notably subject to crustal disturbances, and
representing a correspondingly long interval of geologic
time, should be found to contain the records of several
distinct epochs of sedimentation. The time has been suffi-
ciently long for the enactment of many diastrophic events.
It should be expected, rather, that here, as elsewhere on the
continent, and in Europe, warpings, overlaps and uncon-

g CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

formities would appear, separating the series into groups,
representing as many epochs of deposition. And so they do,
though it is not claimed that the record is completely known
to us.

The Proper Limits of the Tejon Group

Since the early days of paleontologic study in California
the strata of the Eocene period have been subject to mis-
conception and dispute, and accordingly, the literature has
become not only voluminous, but also confusing, and during
the last decade it has continued to grow in both volume and
confusion; unless the source of error can be pointed out and
corrected the end of this is not likely to be reached soon.
The rich faunas of the Eocene have attracted interest and
have been extensively illustrated, but systematic study of the
deposits has lagged far behind until within the last few
years. Withal it still remains necessary to bring forward
for review some of the earlier work, and the formations
and localities with which it was concerned, before satisfac-
tory progress can be made in the further study of the Eocene
series, or of its groups of deposits.

Among the localities of early geologic interest in Cali-
fornia was that near old Fort Tejon, "Canada de las Uvas",
now known as Grapevine Creek in Kern County, at the
southern extremity of the central valley. Early interest in
this locality led Gabb and Whitney of the old State Survey
to adopt the name "Tejon Group" for what they believed
to be a unit of California stratigraphy, but strangely enough
they were quite unaware of the real significance and value
of this collection of strata in the further study of the
geologic history of the region, and some later and better
informed geologists have not fully appreciated it.

Even at the present time the question as to what prop-
erly constitutes the Tejon Group of the California Eocene is
far from being settled, and it continues to be a subject that
may be fruitful of dispute unless a better understanding of
it can be gained. But there is no serious difficulty inherent
in the subject itself, and a little care could easily have
obviated much of the past confusion and dispute.

Vol. XI] ANDERSOX AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 9

Unfortunately for the literature, and for the satisfactory
study of the west coast Eocene, the terms "Tejon Eocene",
"Tejon Group', "Type Tejon" and even "Tejon Series"
have been carried far beyond the type locality without proper
understanding, without stratigraphic restriction, and made to
include strata of earlier as well as later age, which in fact
have not a close relationship to those of the type locality of
the Tejon Group. This error has been committed in recent
years by nearly every writer upon the west coast Eocene,
until the accumulation of unassorted strata under the name
Tejon has almost buried from sight the group originally
denoted, or intended, by this name. The process by which
this has been done is simple, and began with the paleon-
tologic efforts of Wm, M. Gabb, the pioneer paleontologist
of California, who in his description of species. Tertiary
and Cretaceous, attempted to give the geographic, and in
some cases the stratigraphic range of each, believing that he
had recognized it in other localities remote from that of the
type, when in fact he had mistaken its identity.

In addition to this, Gabb's original error in supposing
these deposits to be of Cretaceous age led to a prolonged
and bitter dispute with T. A. Conrad, who had reported the
formations, or fauna, of the Tejon locality as Eocene, com-
paring them with the Claiborne Group of Alabama.

It is our belief that this dispute induced Gabb, by way of
defence, to list many species as belonging to the Tejon
Group which are really of Chico-Cretaceous age, and this
was probably not his only error. Heilprin in his review of
this subject^ has pointed out in no uncertain terms the un-
trustworthy character of many of Gabb's statements, made
doubtless in the heat of this discussion.

However, the mooted deposits of the Tejon locality, as
will be shown later, form a distinct unit of the marine
Eocene series of California set off from associated strata by
an overlap, and by an unconformity, and as such it deserves
careful study, both as to its physical or lithologic charac-
ters and as to its faunal contents for reasons that should be
obvious. And since the type locality of the Tejon Group
does contain a distinct stratigraphic unit, which, as such, may

»Acad. Nat Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, pp. 196-214.

IQ CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

be found to occur elsewhere in the state, or even throughout
the west coast, this useful name, already familiar to geolo-
gists, should be relieved from much extraneous matter, and
preserved to designate as a group its equivalents in such
other places, but it should be used with the restrictions
which the facts warrant.

Gabb and Whitney applied the name to all the Eocene
strata above the group designated by them as the Martinez,
which with the Chico they classed as "Division A" of the
Cretaceous. Most other writers have followed them in this
classification, and it has naturally led to much of the con-
fusion of the existing literature.

As a formational name, Tejon Group, should be employed
to include only the strata of the type locality or their equiva-
lent, or strata deposited contemporaneously elsewhere, or at
most only those that can be shown to belong to the group
without expansion of the same beyond the range of the
events that determine its limits. On the present evidence
in the case the group is delimited, as the result of deposition
within a definite epoch of geologic time, which epoch was
initiated and closed by crustal movements, the first being
the subsidence which brought the sea farther inland in the
region of Fort Tejon and at other points within and without
the basin. The epoch was closed by the disturbance or
uplift which expelled the sea from these areas, and in part at
least, exposed them to denudation and waste. The deposi-
tion of this epoch should be regarded as constituting the
Tejon Group.

As for the term "Tejon Series", it appears to the writers
to be unfortunate and inadmissible, as being inapplicable to
the facts, and illogical, since the term Series is properly
applied to the entire collection of strata belonging to a single
period of geologic time, such as the Eocene or the Creta-
ceous. The phrases "Type Tejon", or "Typical Tejon"
should be used, as already said, to include only the strata
coeval with those of the type locality, and ordinarily no more.

Gabb and Whitney were the first to use the name in any
expanded sense, and their example has been usually followed
by other writers, down to the present. As an example of
such unwarranted use of these terms and of the confusion

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJOX EOCENE J J

that must result from it, attention may be called to the usage
of them by Dr. R. E, Dickerson, and to the consequences
as illustrated in his interesting paper bearing the title
"Stratigraphy and Fauna of the Tejon Eocene of Cali-
fornia". It was doubtless following Gabb's and Whitney's
misconception of the Tejon Group that this title was em-
ployed, but under the caption "Description of Typical Tejon
Areas in California", he takes up at once the discussion of
sundry localities near Mount Diablo, and includes in his
so-called "Typical Tejon" both strata and faunas that have
since been shown to be unconformably distinct. That is, he
includes in his "Typical Tejon" certain strata that may
perhaps be contemporaneous with the Tejon Group at its
type locality, and also strata that are unconformably below
them, if not also some that are above them. And yet, as may
be seen from a comparative study of his lists of species,
granting his determinations were correct, he was possessed
of faunal data which might have given a clearer insight into
the larger stratigraphic facts of this region, and might not
have led to some of the discrepancies of this paper.

Had due consideration been given to the fauna properly
belonging to the type section of the Tejon Group, particu-
larly if the species that had been reported as such had been
checked, the author would have had a still clearer concep-
tion of the Tejon Group itself, and could have segregated
its equivalents in the region of Mount Diablo.

The fauna strictly belonging to the type locality of the
Tejon Group and to its proper equivalents elsewhere has
not hitherto been segregated from the lists that have been
ascribed to it under the long continued process of land-
slides, such as those initiated by Gabb, and continued by
others even dovv'n to the latest writers who made a special
study of the marine Eocene deposits of the west coast.

The chief purpose of the present contribution to the Ter-
tiary literature of the Avest coast is to restore to its potential
usefulness, as far as is now possible, the good name of Tejon,
and to determine as far as is now practicable the fauna be-
longing to it, beginning with the type locality of the group
near old Fort Tejon. To this end the senior author began
the collection of Tejon species several years ago, and it was

12 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papbhs.

under his direction that Bruce G. Martin visited the type
locality in 1914 and made extensive collections for the Cali-
fornia Academy of Sciences, where the materials are still
preserved.

Doubtless other species will subsequently be obtained here,
and also found at other localities, to augment the list of
Tejon species as properly restricted, but little good can re-
sult from hasty and untrustworthy identification of species
or faunas.

Historical Notes on California Eocene

The general distribution of the Eocene deposits of Cali-
fornia, as described above, has long been known, and their
occurrence in the central valley was recognized as early as
1854, although the boundaries have not yet been fully deter-
mined in either state or valley.

REVIEW OF EXISTING LITERATURE

Several reviews of the west coast and the California
Eocene deposits have been published in the past, all of which
naturally were written from the viewpoint of the knowledge
or beliefs then current.

In 1891 Wm. B. Clark,^ and later, T. W. Stanton,^ re-
viewed the work that had previously been done.

A distinct gain in our understanding of the California
Eocene was made when the work of Stanton and Merriam
definitely separated the lowest Eocene from the Chico-Cre-
taceous Group. "^ This subject was later reviewed by Dr.
C. E. Weaver,^ who, in addition, made some contributions
to the subject of the Lower Eocene.

In 1909 Ralph Arnold published some maps and other
data^ showing roughly the areas of marine and fresh water
deposits of the several Tertiary periods in California, giving

*U. S. Geol. Siirv. Bull. 83, pp. 95-106.

•U. S. Geol. Surv. 17th Ann. Rept. 1896, pp. 1011-1059.

<T. W. Stanton, Op. cit. J. C. Merriam, Jour. Geol. Vol. 4, 1897, pp. 767-775.

'Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 4, 1905, pp. 102-104.

•Jour. Geol. Vol. 17, pp. 513-529.

Vol.. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE I3

references to the papers of Stanton and Merriam just re-
ferred to.

Prior to 1912 but little attempt was made at a system-
atic study of the Eocene of California, most writers being
content with a recognition of the groups then known,
namely, the Martinez and the Tejon. This was also the
attitude of Dr. R. E. Dickerson, who at that time began a
study of these deposits which resulted in a succession of
contributions, referred to hereafter, for which Dr. Dick-
erson merits praise, in that he has extended our knowledge
of the rich faunas of this period, not only in California, but
throughout the west coast.

As these papers, dating from 1913 to 1916, represent a
serious study of the Eocene deposits of the west coast, and
as Dr. Dickerson has enjoyed in this work some unusual
opportunities for such study, his papers will be the subject
of more particular attention at this time, though only inci-
dentally, and as the subject seems to require it. He has had
at his disposal most of the extensive collections from the
west coast Eocene, including those of the University of Cali-
fornia, the California Academy of Sciences, the California
State Mining Bureau, and collections made by himself and
others.

Dr. Dickerson in his treatment of the subject approached
it primarily from the viewpoint of paleontology, with com-
paratively little attention to the larger stratigraphic facts
afforded by the field. He recognized only two general
divisions of the California Eocene, which he has discussed
at length in his several contributions.^

But it is to his last two papers that special reference will be
made, since they contain the summary of most of his work
and of his views concerning the California Eocene, and of
the Tejon Group, which is the subject of special interest in
the present paper. Concerning the older Eocene, or the
Martinez Group, little will be said at this time, except inci-
dentally, and only in order that our subject itself may be
clearly defined.

'Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 7, 1913, pp. 257-298. Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol.
Vol. 8, 19H, pp. 17-25. Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 8, 1914, pp. 61-180. Calif.
Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 33-98. Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9,
1916, pp. 363-524.

jj_ CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Paprrs.

In his later contributions Dickerson divided the "Tejon
Group", as understood by him, into four "faunal zones",
which he believed were, to a considerable extent, typified
by a few genera and species thought to be characteristic of
each. His complete scheme of classification for the west
coast Eocene deposits may be, therefore, briefly stated as
follows :^

g. "Siphonalia sutterensis Zone" /

Tejon f. "Balanophyllia variabilis Zone" ^. (

Group: e. "Rimella simplex Zone"

d. "Turbinolia Zone" •

Martinez c. "Solen stantoni Zone"
Group: b, "Trochocyathus zitteli Zone"

a. "Meretrix dalli Zone"

Without attempting at this time the discussion of the
doubtful utility, or propriety, of such subdivisions of the
series before more information had been assembled regard-
ing the range of any of these genera and species, it may be
remarked here that few if any of them are either well
known, or in any way strongly characterized as species, and
most of the genera have a long time range, and are for that
reason unsuited for the use to which Dickerson has em-
ployed them. Nor are many of the associates of these
so-called "characteristic forms" suflficiently well known as to
stratigraphic or geographic range, or possessed of the indi-
viduality that would entitle them to such distinctive service.

REVIEW OF ALLEGED "FAUNAL ZONES"

As already stated four faunal zones of the "Tejon Group"
were proposed by Dickerson as the basis of his subdivisions
of the same, and he attempted to carry this scheme of sub-
division into western Oregon and Washington.^

It requires but little analysis of the matter in his papers
to reveal the untrustworthy character of this method of
classification, especially in view of the fact that the strati-

»Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 8, 1914, pp. 103-104. Univ. Calif. Publ. GeoL
Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 442 et seq.

•Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 409. Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser.,
Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 51 et seq.

Vol.. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEION EOCENE I5

graphic range of none of the forms so used, as character-
istic of these zones, has yet been definitely ascertained.
Most of them are comparatively new to the science. Con-
sidering only the "Tejon Group" of Dickerson we would
offer the following comments:

"Turbinolia Zone"

According to Zittel the genus Turbinolia began in the
Tertiary and has representatives still living. As a genus,
therefore, its earliest appearance may have been in Middle
Eocene time, but it must also have had its species in each
of the succeeding epochs down to the present time. The
genus, then, could have no diagnostic value in the strata of
any single epoch intervening, nor for the earliest epoch at
which it had been found, since its ancestors from earlier
strata may also have been of the same genus, as far as any
one knows.

Almost as vague and disappointing as a basis for correla-
tion would be the use of any one or all of the two or three
species of Turbinolia listed by Dickerson, if they are rare,
as they evidently are. Fromi his list of 23 localities "south
of Mount Diablo", all representing what he calls "Basal
Tejon strata", he found the genus Turbinolia in only five
of them;^° and from a group of 15 such localities north of
Coalinga, (p. 430) only three yielded Turbinolia. It can
be only an assumption, therefore, to suppose that this genus
represents any single stage of the Tejon Group, and if so,
that it represents it adequately, since it has been found only
at rare intervals. Nor is the list of species associated with
Turbinolia shown to represent anything more than a local
fauna of the strata in which it has been found.

Of the 75 forms specifically determined in the list (Op. cit.
Op. p. 372) some 30 or more, according to Dickerson's
determination, are not found at the type locality of the Tejon
Group, or do not appear in such lists. This difference is 40
per cent, or enough to place the faunas in different epochs.
Then why call them both "Tejon" horizons?

"Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, p. op. 372.

j^ CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

"Rimella simplex Zone**

Regarding the zone described as that of Rimella simplex
the same general observations should be made. The species
so employed is in no way strongly characterized, and is cer-
tainly not, as such, comparable to Orthaulax pugnax of the
gulf coast Tertiary, which at least has the merit of being
unique. No attempt is made by Dickerson to show that
''Rimella simplex*' has a limited stratigraphic range, and it
is not known to have such. As to its geographic range there
is still more uncertainty.

The type locality of the species is near San Diego, and it
has not certainly been found in the type section of the Tejon
Group or at any other point farther north in California.
What value can it have then as horizon marker, even in
California, not to mention remote places? Obviously it has
no value alone, or if it has such it must be over a limited
region only. Somewhat analogous species have been found
in other districts, but they may well be either older or
younger than the so-called "Rimella simplex", and cannot be
made to serve in its stead.

"Balanophyllia variabilis Zone'*

The same sort of criticism applies to this species and its
"zone" as to some of the others proposed by Dickerson.
According to Zittel the genus Balanophyllia ranges from
the Tertiary to Recent, and therefore, as a genus it has no
value for marking horizons in the Eocene or any other series.
Moreover the species he employs appears to be extremely
rare, since in the list of some 268 species accredited to the
"Tejon" by Dickerson,^^ from ten or more representative
localities of the same in California, Balanophyllia variabilis
is not mentioned as occurring in any of them. Neither
does he mention it as occurring at the type locality of the
Tejon Group.

On the other hand he does mention Ttirbinolia, a genus
that should characterize the lowermost zone, as occurring
with both ''Rimella simplex" and Balanophyllia variabilisP

" Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, pp. 443-453.
" Op. cit. pp. 378, 385, and 443.

March 18, 1925

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND H ANN A— TYPE TEJON EOCENE J 7

What diagnostic value, therefore, can B. variabilis have,
even within the limits of California? The only logical con-
clusion that can be drawn from a study of this species is
that it affords no better basis for stratigraphic recognition
than the others, and is useless as a horizon marker except
in the manner of other species. It has no exceptional value
as such.

"Siphonalia sutterensis Zone"

Similar observations apply to this zone. The genus
Siphonalia has persisted from early Tertiary time to the
present, and has no more diagnostic value than the preced-
ing. As for the species itself, it is in no way markedly dis-
tinguished in form, and in fact is small and lacks distinctive
character. It could easily be mistaken for other species.

Dickerson believed that this zone is later in age than all
the others, and concerning the fauna of it, associated with
S. sutterensis, he says:^^

"That it evolved from the typical Tejon there can be little doubt. . . .
In other words, the evidence indicates that the Marysville Buttes fauna rep-
resents a later zone or stage of the Eocene than the typical Tejon."

But this zone of S. sutterensis contains also Balanophyllia
variabilis the species supposed to characterize the preceding
zone, but which does not occur in the fauna of the type
locality of the Tejon Group.

However, Dickerson himself seemed to have modified his
views considerably as to the position of this zone in a portion
of his paper where he said:^'*

"Many of the forms which were thought to be characteristic [of this zone]
have been found at lower horizons, and several more species characteristic of
the middle and lower portions of the Tejon Group are now reported from
this zone," ....

In his list of species, ^^ believed to represent his "S. sutter-
ensis zone" at five separate localities, there are 87 forms
which he has determined specifically, and of this number 54
species, or 62 per cent of the whole, do not occur in his lists
of the Type Tejon fauna. This percentage taken from his
own lists, nearly as much as distinguishes the Miocene from
recent faunas, possibly made him hesitate to class his '^5.

" Op. cit. p. 409.
" Op. cit. p. 406.
"Op. cit. pp. 406-408.

jg CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

stitterensis" fauna with the Type Tejon. Comparing the
^''Turbinolia" fauna^^ with 75 species, and the "»S. stitter-
ensis" fauna of 87, not more than 43 percent are common,
and 57 per cent of the former are absent from the latter.
Somewhat closer relationship is shown here than in the
former case of the "5. stitterensis" and the Type Tejon
faunas.

Or taking the combined lists of his last two faunas, 130
species in all, there are 32 species common, or 24.6 percent,
while 98 species are distinct, or 75 percent of the whole.

In the same manner comparing his "5. stitterensis" fauna
and his Type Tejon lists, 18.8 percent of the combined num-
ber are common, and 81.2 percent are not so.

These figures are enough to show that on the basis of
Dickerson's lists, as identified, a closer relationship exists
between the faunas of his S. stitterensis zone and that of the
"basal Tejon strata" near Mount Diablo, than that between
the form.er and the Type Tejon. Therefore the fauna of
his S. stitterensis zone can hardly be younger than the Type
Tejon, as he has concluded.

It can also be shown in the same manner that a closer
relationship exists between the S. stitterensis fauna and that
of the "Rimella si^nplex" zone, since 50 percent of the fauna
of the latter is found in the former zone. From these
figures it is apparent that the percentage method could not
have been followed in the arrangement of the faunal zones.

As for Dr. Dickerson's view that the fauna of his ^^Siphon-
alia stitterensis" zone evolved from that of the Type Tejon,
quite the opposite conclusion can be as logically drawn and
with better confirmation in his lists.

It is not to be inferred that the lists referred to furnish
a secure basis for calculation of percentages, for as will be
shown later, the contrary is true. Many of the determina-
tions of species have been made from incompletely preserved
specimens, and in some cases only a small percentage of
species listed was based upon material suitable for positive
identification. As a consequence, therefore, not all of the
interesting lists can be relied upon as bases of comparison.

"Op. cit. Op. p. 372.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE \()

On another page will be found a revised list of the species
gathered from the type locality of the Tejon Group from
which quite different percentage results may be calculated for
any of the other faunas considered above. But of course
this should be done only with authentic lists of such. Only
one comparison will be made to illustrate the point.

Of the 87 forms specifically determined in the "S. sutter-
ensis" fauna, ^^ only 20 are found in the fauna of the type
section of the Tejon Group according to the revised lists.
This number amounts to 23 percent of the fauna of the
"S. sutterensis" zone, and only 10 percent of the combined
faunas, instead of 38 percent, and 18.8 percent as before
calculated. This does not show a close relationship in their
respective faunas, nor one that should be the basis of identi-
fying the two groups.

On the other hand, comparing the list of species given in
Dickerson's "Balanophyllia variabilis zone",^^ with the re-
vised list of Type Tejon species, we find that of the 50
forms specifically determined by him 23 are found in the
Type Tejon fauna, or 46 percent, and of the combined
fauna, 14.1 percent. These figures clearly suggest a closer
relationship between the faunas of the Type Tejon and the
^'Balanophyllia variabilis zone", than between the former
and that of the "'Siphonalia sutterensis zone."

However, other workers have been busy in this field of
investigation, and results have appeared that are more sat-
isfactory, since they are based upon large amounts of strati-
graphic as well as upon paleontologic data. The major
events which are recorded in unconformities have been given
their true value in the grouping of the Eocene strata, and
this method should be followed everywhere on the west
coast.

LATER VIEWS OF CALIFORNIA EOCENE GROUPS

In 1918 Dr. Bruce L. Clark published an account of work
done by himself in the region about Mount Diablo, and
reached the conclusion that an important group of strata
there had been overlooked, which intervened between the

»» Op. cit pp. 406-408.
"Op. cit pp. 378-379.

20 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

Martinez Group below, and the Tejon Group above, from
each of M'hich it is separated by unconformities.'^ The ag-
gregate thickness of the newly discovered group, he stated,
is approximately 3000 feet, and he believed it to have a
fairly wide distribution over the state. He proposed the
name of Meganos for this important group, and estimated
that of the long list of species found within it over one-half
of them were undescribed. The fauna, he believed, con-
tained decided elements of difference from both the Mar-
tinez and Tejon Groups.

Later the subject of the Meganos Group was reviewed by
Dr. Clark, '^^ and in its distribution it was found by him to
extend not only throughout the Temblor Basin of central
California, but was recognized also in the southern ranges
south of the Tehachapi Mountains. The fauna, he found
to be sufficiently distinct to warrant him in formally segre-
gating it from both Martinez and Tejon, and everywhere in
California where any two of the three groups of the Eocene
strata are present they appeared to be separated by an un-
conformity. These unconformities therefore are not local,
and upon this point Clark remarked r°

"As has been pointed out these general uncomformities are not the result of
local crustal movements, and surely cannot be classed as being 'at most of
secondary order, i.e., such as might separate two formations within a group.' "

With the Meganos Group, Clark correlated not only the
two lower zones of the "Tejon Group" of Dickerson, but he
included with them also the "Siphonalia sutterensis zone"
of the sierran foothills, including the localities of Marysville
Buttes, Table Mountain, and a part, at least of the lone
formation found farther south. According to Clark only
that part of the Mount Diablo section called by Dickerson
the ^''BalanophylUa variabilis zone" is properly correlated
with the strata of the Type locality of the Tejon. ^'

Considering the stratigraphic volume of the marine
Eocene in the central valley, as stated before, it is not strange
that several distinct groups have been recognized, due to
physiographic changes, nor is it surprising that as many

" Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. Vol. 29, 1918, pp. 281-296.
"a Jour. Geology, Vol. 29, 1921, pp. 125-165.
»» Op. cit. p. 160.
" Jour. Geology, Vol. 29, 1921, p. 142.

Vol. XI] ANDERSOt^ AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 21

faunal divisions have been recognized, due to the same
causes.

Regarding this new classification of the Eocene, Dicker-
son^^^ has dissented, but it seems at present that the bulk
of the evidence is in favor of its adoption. Probably the
final judgment cannot be passed until after more is known
of the paleontology of the middle group, the Meganos of
Clark.

Too little stratigraphic work in the areas of the marine
Eocene of the coast has been done to fully established the
entire sequence of events which may ultimately be found
recorded in unconformities, overlaps, etc.

SUMMARY REVIEW OF DATA

The general facts concerning the magnitude and order of
the Lower and Upper Eocene deposits of California brought
out by Stanton, Merriam and others soon made it evident
that the Eocene period was one of prolonged, though inter-
rupted, subsidence in California, and of transgression by the
sea, which brought ifinto all the larger valleys on the coastal
border which had outlets to the west.

Dr. Dickerson has shown this condition of transgression
in a diagrammatic manner^^ by lines indicating the landward
position of the strand lines of earlier and later Eocene
epochs, as he conceived them, though the figures in his later
publications are perhaps subject to considerable revision, as
the foregoing remarks suggest. He recognized correctly
enough the earlier group of the Eocene, but the later sedi-
ments are supposed to be sufficiently distinct to be separated
in two groups.

Dickerson believed that he had recognized a distinct
faunal horizon in the collections made in Sutter and Butte
Counties, and this he termed the '^Siphonalia sutterensis
zone"; his contribution to the fauna of the same is praise-
worthy but he believed it to be younger than the Type Tejon
instead of older as it appears from later study to be.

"ajourn. Geol. Vol. 30, 1922, p. 295-302.

"Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 8. 1914, p. 70, etc. Uniy. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol.
9, 1916, pp. 469-473.

22 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

As pointed out by Clark, this so-called "Siphonalia stitter-
ensis zone" extending along the eastern margin of the cen-
tral valley should be correlated with the middle group of
the Eocene found along the western border of the valley
in the Mount Diablo Range, and in other parts of California
including the southern Coast Ranges.

Unconformities discovered between this group and those
above and below, seem to warrant its separation under a
distinct name, and Meganos has been proposed for it.^''

Three stratigraphic and faunal groups have therefore
been recognized in the California Eocene, and the same may
be expected to occur in any or all of the Eocene embayments
of the west coast. As proposed by Clark and others, and
accepted tentatively^^^ in this report, these groups are as
follows :

Approximate
Eocene Groups maximum

thickness

The Tejon Group 3000 feet

The Meganos Group 3000 feet

The Martinez Group 1000 feet

Total thickness .#. 7000 feet

This grouping is in accord with the summary table of the
geologic time scale for the Pacific Coast given by Dr. Wm.
S, W. Kew in 1920 in his paper on the Cretaceous and Cen-
ozoic Echinoidea.^"^

23a We believe final judgment should be reserved until more careful faunal
studies have been made of some of the reported Meganos localities, particularly at
the type locality, than has thus far been published.

2< Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 12, 1920, p. 26.

" Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull. Vol. 29, 1918, pp. 281-296.

Vol. XI]

ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE

23

EOCENE SUBDIVISIONS BY VARIOUS AUTHORS
IN TABULAR FORM

Gabb and

White

Stanton

Clark, Kew,

Whitney

and
Becker

and
Merriam

Dickerson

Anderson
andHANNA

"Siphonalia

sutterensis

g, zone"

2

f, "Balanoph^lia

Tejon Group

W

variabilis

3000 ft.

1^

zone"

w

Tejon

w

Tejon

e, "Rimella

Meganos Group

Group

c

Group

simplex

3000 ft

o

V

zone"

(Marysville

H

d,"Turbinolia

Buttes

1

o

u

zone"

Table Mtn. etc.)

Martinez

Martinez

Martinez

Martinez

Group

Group

Group

Group

Chico

Chico

Chico

Chico

Group

Group

Group

Group

/

24 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papbhs.

Type Locality of the Tejon Group

Geologic Map: The geology of the Tejon area as shown
on the map Included in this paper Is largely a compilation of
data taken from various sources. In the area west of Tecuya
Creek the map is essentially that of Dr. B. L. Clark,^^ and
to the east of this line It Is largely the work of the writers,
though the geology of the area was roughly sketched by
Robt. Anderson. ^^ A large part of the area to the west of
Grapevine Creek has also been recently mapped by C. M.
Wagner and K. H. Schilling,^'' which map is In essential
agreement with that of Clark. The topography of the pres-
ent map is that of the topographic sheets of the United
States Geological Survey.

Location and Extent: The type locality of the Tejon
Group extends along the northern base of the Tehachapl
Mountains to the east and west of Grapevine Creek, and
includes the exposures In other canyons for a limited dis-
tance, or as far as the strata can be followed areally with-
out confusion, though to the west of Tecuya Creek lower
strata appear, the inclusion of which would further compli-
cate the subject. Toward the east the group can be followed
beyond the canyon of Pastoria Creek for a mile or more.
The situation of this area is within a reentrant valley some-
what cut off from other areas of the Eocene rocks, and as
will be shown later derives an advantage from this circum-
stance which entitles It to particular attention.

The first account of the strata of this locality, later desig-
nated as the Tejon Group, was that given by Wm. P. Blake
in 1857,^^ whose report also Includes that of T. A. Conrad
upon the fossils obtained at the exit of Grapevine Canyon. ^^*

Later J. D. Whitney gave a brief account of this locality^'
stating that "about sixty Cretaceous species were found here
by Messrs. Brewer, Gabb, and Dr. Horn, who was stationed
some time at Fort Tejon".

The species collected here by Dr. Horn and others are
now conceded to be Eocene In age, and not Cretaceous as

"Jour. Geol. Vol. 29, 1921, p. 151.

*« U. S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 471, p. opp. 106.

"Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 14, 1923, pi. 43.

28 Pac. R. R. Repts. Vol. 5, 1857, pp. 46, 163, and 164.

'•a Op. cit. pp. 317-318.

» Geol. Surv. Calif. Geol. Vol. 1, 1865, pp. 190-191.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TE/ON EOCENE 25

was then believed. These collections do not appear to have
been very extensive, though they were important and were
much discussed at the time. More than the number of
species mentioned by Whitney have since been added from
this locality.

The original collection made by Blake was perhaps the
first Eocene fossils reported from California, and they
chanced also to represent a quite definite unit of the Eocene
stratigraphic sequence in California, and possibly of the same
throughout the west.

The fuller significance, character and other features of
the group found here must be left for further discussion in
another place, though it may be stated that the group repre-
sents an overlap of the younger Eocene beds upon pre-ter-
tiary rocks, and as such it may well be typical of the Upper
Eocene not only in California, but perhaps over the entire
coastal region.

In the past the strata of this area have been "Cretaceous",
"Cretaceous B", "Eocene", "Upper Eocene", "Tejon", etc.,
and in the literature of the Eocene of the west coast the
name Tejon has been employed in a number of combinations,
such as "Chico-Tejon", "Tejon Group", "Tejon Series",
etc., and applied even to the greater part of the Eocene
deposits, according to the beliefs possessed by the writers
who have used the terms.

Whitney's Account: Although much has been written
upon the Tejon formation, or the Tejon Group at the type
locality, but little improvement has been made by later
writers upon the general account of the district and its
formations by Whitney. True, the fauna was mistaken by
his paleontologists for Cretaceous, but substituting for this
the term "Tejon Group", later adopted by him, the follow-
ing extract from his report^° will be found instructive:

"The cafiadas called "las Uvas" and "los AHsos" are narrow valleys,
through which flow streams or "arroyos" of the same names; they both head
in the granite and raetamorphic rocks of the mountain range to the south,
opening out to the north in the valley of Kern Lake, and cutting through a
narrow belt of Cretaceous rocks as they enter the plain, being in fact the
continuation of the series of strata of this age noticed before as occurring in
the San Emidio Canon. At the Caiiada de las Uvas, the Cretaceous beds
form a belt from one-third to one-half a mile wide, mostly covered with soil,
•» Geol. Survey, Calif. Geologry Vol. 1, p. 190.

26 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

and with many granite boulders, derived from the higher mountains [south],
strewn over the surface. The exposures are but few, the fossils being the
same as those found in the other canons east; in the one next to the Canada
de las Uvas the Cretaceous belt is somewhat wider than it is in another one
still farther in the same easterly direction ; but the best locality for examin-
ing the strata is at the Cafiada de los Alisos, which debouches into the plain
four miles cast of the Las Uvas Canon, Here the Cretaceous belt is over a
mile wide, the strata being well exposed, although much broken; they form
hills about 1000 feet above the plain, and 2500 feet above the sea, the general
level of the base of the range between the Canada de las Uvas and the Tejon
being about 1500 feet above tide-water.

The Cretaceous strata are very much disturbed in this region, both dip and
strike being quite variable, the [latter] varying from N. W. and S. E. to N.
E. and S. W., while the dip is sometimes to the north and again to the south,
and generally at a high angle. The formation consists of sandstones and
conglomerates, without any of the shales so characteristic of the Cretaceous in
other districts. The conglomerates are very coarse, containing many boulders
from three to six inches in diameter, of granite and metamorphic rocks."

The canyon here designated as "Canada de los AHsos" Is
that now known as Live Oak, and Is situated three or more
miles east of Grapevine Creek. The name used by Whitney
Is shown on some of the older maps of the region; the
canyon Is that of the "Old Headquarters Camp", and as
Whitney stated, Is one of the best localities for observing
the strata of the Type Tejon Group.

Robert Anderson's Report: This district has been more
recently Included In a report by Robert Anderson, who also
made a somewhat diagrammatic map showing Its areal
geology,^^ from which we quote the following:

"Locally the lower part of the formation is made up largely of granitic
sand interspersed Avith irregularly aggregated boulders and blocks of granite
and other crystalline rocks up to many feet in diameter. A good example of
this zone may be seen along Canada de las Uvas, where there are 100 to 200
feet of beds of this type containing marine fossils. On Tecuya Creek the
lower zone contains huge blocks of granite. One of these that is believed to
be in place in the formation, though it can not be stated with absolute con-
fidence to be so, is over 50 feet in length and 30 feet in breadth.

Above the lower zone the formation consists chiefly of soft yellowish and
grayish brown fine sand and sandy clay, indurated along fossiliferous layers
and in irregular patches and nodules. In places true shale beds, intercalated
with sand, constitute a considerable part of the formation. The beds through-
out possess a marked similarity and give every appearance of representing a
period of continuous deposition in one basin. They are therefore to be re-
garded as making up a formation, and not a larger division of the geologic
column."

»»U. S. Geol. Surv. Bull. No. 471, 1910, pp. 106-121.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 27

This last remark is of importance since it serves to call
attention to the fact that this group of the Eocene does not
constitute the entire series belonging to this period. Atten-
tion is also called to the conglomerates found at the base of
the group, though it is by no means evident that the boulders
and blocks of granite, etc., at the base in Tecuya Canyon
are really a part of the Tejon strata, since landslides and
torrential storms have left many such blocks superimposed
upon the Eocene and later beds of this district.

After Live Oak Canyon ("Canada de los Alisos"), the
Tecuya Creek Canyon offers the best opportunity for observ-
ing the character and thickness of the strata of the Tejon
Group, as well as its relation to the succeeding groups of
Tertiary strata.

Dickerson's Observation: The latest contribution to the
stratigraphy of the Tejon at its type locality is that of Dr.
R. E. Dickerson, whose views concerning the sequence of
strata in Grapevine Canyon are here quoted from his last
paper.^^

"The Tejon strata in the vicinity of Grapevine Creek rest upon a base-
ment complex consisting of granite rocks and associated schists. The beds in
general have a steep north dip of 75° to 85° but are disturbed in places so
that the dip is reversed. The basal member, about 250 to 300 feet in thick-
ness, consists of a very coarse conglomerate derived from the granite rocks of
the basement complex. This member is overlain by about 1000 to 1200 feet
of thin-bedded brown sandstone with subordinate strata of dark gray, clay
shale containing limestone nodules. The sandstone is, in places, conglomer-
atic and in one locality the dark gray pebbles of shale yielded a small pecten.
The occurrence of this pecten suggests the deposition of Cretaceous deposits
which were completely removed during Upper Eocene time. The uppermost
strata, about 1200 feet in thickness, consist chiefly of light tan sandstone
with subordinate strata of shale and brown sandstone. The total thickness of
the Tejon group along Grapevine Creek (Cafiada de las Uvas) is about 2500
feet."

Without questioning the accuracy of Dickerson's observa-
tions concerning the strata of the Tejon Group in Grapevine
Canyon it should be noted that the overturned structure,
faulting and numerous landslides have all conspired to com-
plicate the surface exposures here and to render this locality
the least serviceable for stratigraphic observation. As Whit-
ney has stated the best locality for such observations is at

'= Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916; p. 418.

23 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papbbs.

Live Oak Creek, some miles farther to the east, although the
canyon of Tecuya also offers an excellent section, where the
sequence of strata and the succession of lithologic units may
be quite clearly noted. The aggregate thickness of the group
has been fairly estimated by Dickerson at 2500 feet, and
this estimate is regarded as conservative, since quite as great
a thickness of strata is found at both Live Oak and Tecuya
Creek Canyons. All of the writers quoted above have noted
the basal beds of conglomerate with boulders of granitic
and metamorphic rocks, but the finding of an unidentified
"small pecten" in pebbles of shale noted by Dickerson may
as readily be taken as evidence of the unconformity of the
Tejon Group upon older Eocene strata, as a suggestion of
"Cretaceous deposits which were completely removed dur-
ing upper Eocene time". Dickerson himself has mentioned
sundry species of small pectens as occurring not only in the
Martinez Group, ^^ but also in Middle Eocene strata, now
classed as the Meganos Group. ^'^ Pecten interradiata occurs
in both the Martinez and the Meganos Groups, As will be
mentioned later similar facts are pointed out by Clark in his
discussion of the relations between the Meganos Group and
the Tejon in the region of the San Emigdio Creek, some
miles farther to the west.

Local Geology of the Tejon Group

Local Structures: The structure of the Tejon Group
within the limits of the type locality is far from simple,
being complicated by the various crustal movements that
have affected this region in post-Eocene time. In part, the
strata lie inclined at a gentle angle dipping away from the
basement rocks in a normal manner, but more often they
stand at highly inclined angles or are even overturned, and
have a steep dip toward the south, or directly against the
massif of older rocks. The overturned attitude of the group
is most pronounced in Tecuya and Grapevine Canyons, al-
though it is quite prominent also in Live Oak Canyon. In
this latter canyon, although the lower one-third of the group
dips away from the basement rocks, the overturned attitude

«'Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 8, p. 108.
** Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. VoL 9, p. op. 372.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE £9

of the major part of the strata is very clear and unmis-
takeable. The usual degree of inclination of these overturned
beds is from 75° to 80°, and the dip is southward.

In Grapevine Canyon this overturn is distinctly noticeable
also in a part of the section, although according to Dickerson
some of the beds have a normal inclination.

In the vicinity of Pastoria Creek the lower members of
the group are well exposed on both sides of the canyon,
and have a normal dip of 50° to 75° toward the valley, and
a strike of north 70° east.

Faulting of the Tejon Group: One of the striking struc-
tural features of the group is the block-faulting, and the hori-
zontal displacements that have resulted in offsetting the
steeply inclined beds, thus interrupting the continuity of the
strata along their strike, which may be seen at a number
of points. Along Tecuya Creek this offsetting of the strata
on opposite sides of the canyon amounts to at least 1000
feet, as the result of differential thrust along a north to
south line, parallel with the course of the creek. Similar
facts were noted about Salt Creek, where the complication
is even greater than farther to the east. These thrust
movements were similar in character to those noted in a
former paper on the San Juan district of San Luis Obispo
County.^^

It may be due to faulting along a north and south line
following the western base of the mountains near Kern
River, that no Eocene beds are to be found exposed at the
surface in this region.

Sequence of Strata: Dr. Dickerson has estimated that at
Grapevine Canyon at least 2500 feet of Eocene strata are
exposed, and this estimate seems to be conservative. In
Live Oak Canyon, which cuts directly across the strike and
where the strata are best exposed, the belt of Tejon rocks
is nearly a mile in width, and the strata, while somewhat
broken, and possibly duplicated in part, clearly have an
aggregate thickness of nearly 3000 feet, and perhaps more.
In Tecuya Canyon the total thickness is very probably less,
but it certainly reaches as much as 2600 feet. Toward the
east the group rapidly thins out, and in the vicinity of Pas-

" Anderson & Martin Calif. Acad Sci. Proc. 4th Ser.. 1914, VoL 4, pp. 25-29.

^Q CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

toria Creek not more than 1000 feet, and probably less
than 900 feet of the strata constituting the lower portion
of the group, are exposed, the upper portion being covered
by an overlap of younger Tertiary beds.

All of the writers quoted above have mentioned the con-
glomerates which form the lowest member of the group,
and which in most parts of the district directly overlie the
crystalline rocks. No complete exposure of this member
was discovered by the present writers, although on the west
side of Pastoria creek granitic boulders interbedded with
coarse sandstones were found near the base of the group.
Dickerson stated that this member has a thickness of 250
to 300 feet in Grapevine Canyon, and this is not improbable.

Above the basal beds in Live Oak Canyon there is as
much as 1200 feet of soft rusty colored, coarse sandstone,
well stratified, the upper part of which includes sandy shales
with concretionary layers striking N. 60° E., and dipping
to the northwest at an angle of 75°. Above this member
there are nearly 650 feet of alternating sands and shales
of a dull gray color, and then 300 feet of dark carbona-
ceous shale, thinly stratified, followed near the top of the
section by about 600 feet of sandy shales weathering to a
yellowish gray color, and forming smooth rounded slopes.

The upper members of this section all have a steep dip to
the southeast, toward the older rocks, at an angle never
less than 75°. The sequence of lithologic members of the
group at this place is about as follows:

600 feet or more, sandy shales weathering to a yellowish gray color, forming

rounded slopes;
300 feet, dark carbonaceous shales, thin bedded ;
650 feet, alternating sands and shales, dull gray in color;
1200 feet, rusty colored coarse sands, distinctly bedded, and sandy shales with

concretionary layers ;
250 feet, basal conglomerates, and coarse sands, not well exposed.

3000 feet, total thickness in Live Oak Canyon.

A gradual lithologic transition from conglomerate and
coarse sandstone at the bottom of the section to finer shales
and carbonaceous beds near the top is evident, though the
uppermost member is also sandy and weathers readily to
lower topography along its zone.

Vol. XI] AXDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 3|

In Tecuya Canyon the basal conglomerates noted by Rob-
ert Anderson were not found, though coarse sandy beds
similar to those of Live Oak are very well exposed. Toward
the top of the section there is a preponderance of shales that
weather to bare smooth slopes, while the uppermost beds
are distinctly sandy. To some extent the lithologic sequence
described by Dickerson for Grapevine Canyon agrees with
that here described, although he does not mention carbona-
ceous beds, or the transition from coarse to finer sediments
in ascending the section, perhaps for the reason that the
strata are not well exposed in the locality studied by him.

It will be noted that throughout the entire belt of the
Tejon Group here described, the material of the various
members is detrital in character, and with only a small
exception, no organic strata have been found such as char-
acterize the later Tertiary groups within the region of the
Temblor basin. In contrast with these detrital beds the
organic character of some of the older Eocene beds farther
north may be mentioned, but their discussion need not be
undertaken here.

Stratigraphic Relations: From Tecuya Creek eastward
the Tejon Group rests directly upon the crystalline rocks of
the basement series which are largely granitic or schistose.
Wherever boulders or pebbles were found in the strata of
the Tejon they were usually granitic, though boulders of
limestone or other crystalline rocks are frequent, and in Live
Oak Creek boulders of red andesitic lava inclosed in Tejon
sandstone were noticed, showing volcanic activity preceding
the epoch of this group.

The materials of the entire group, with small exception,
were derived directly from the crystalline areas to the south.
It thus appears that the Tejon Group rests upon the base-
ment rocks to the east of Salt Creek in the manner of an
overlap, as will be more fully shown later.

Dr. Bruce L. Clark, who has studied the Eocene deposits
to the west of Tecuya Creek, has given in his report^^ a
map sufficiently detailed for satisfactory field use, which
shows clearly a greater thickness of the Eocene strata to
the west of Salt Creek than that claimed for the Tejon

*»Jour. Geol. Vol. 29, 1921, pp. 145-1S4;

32 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papbrs.

Group. But not only this, he shows an older Eocene Group,
which he terms Meganos, underlying the Tejon with clear
disconformity. Describing the latter group, he said:

"In places lenses of conglomerate are found with the finer sediments, and
at one horizon not very far from the base is a heavy layer of conglomerate
that can be traced for a considerable distance. It v^ould appear that the
Tejon beds at this last general locality may be delta deposits rather than
typical marine deposits, such as tho«e to the east in the vicinity of Grapevine
Canyon."

These delta deposits with conglomerates resting upon
the Meganos strata are taken to be evidence of discon-
formity, and this is strongly confirmed by Clark in his com-
parative study of the faunas of the two groups. Moreover,
in the canyon of San Emigdio Creek a basal conglomerate
of the Tejon was found "containing fossiliferous boulders
derived from the beds below".

On the other hand, overlying the Tejon Group through-
out the greater part of the distance from Salt Creek east
to Pastoria Creek, an extent of 12 miles or more, there
are later T"ertiary strata of Lower or Middle Miocene age,
consisting of marine gravels, sandstones and shales, overlaid
by volcanic ejectamenta forming agglomerates and tuffaceous
beds interstratified with sands and clays.

R. W. Pack, who studied this section, according to Mer-
riam,^'' stated that these beds

" — are separable on lithologic grounds into a lovi'er division, comprising 800
to 1000 feet of grayish sand and gravel with some indurated calcareous sand-
stones; and an upper division of somewhat greater thickness consisting of
reddish clay, sand and coarse gravel."

Although the estimated thickness of this group, as ob-
served by the writers, was somewhat less than Pack's figures,
otherwise it essentially agrees with his statement, and the
age determination is the same.

Along Salt Creek, the lower member, 600 to 800 feet in
thickness is well exposed, dipping steeply to the northwest
and resting unconformably upon older Tertiary beds. It is
overlaid by other strata of bluish, gray, or variegated
gravels, sands and shales intercalated with volcanic rocks,
constituting a suggestion of stratified sediments, agglomer-

"Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 8, p. 284.

March 18, 1925

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 33

ates and tuffs 300 to 400 feet in thickness, and presenting a
variety of colors.

Farther east, along Tecuya Creek, the variegated beds
rest directly and unconformably upon the Tejon strata, and
are in turn overlaid by dark volcanic materials follovv'ed by
beds of gravel of considerable thickness.

At Live Oak Creek, and also at Pastoria Creek, the Tejon
Group is covered by a similar sequence of strata including
the dark volcanic member, undoubtedly the same as that
observed on Salt Creek.

It may be noted here incidently that a flow of similar
lava, and associated beds similar in character to those here
described was noted by one of the writers near the mouth
of Walker Creek, a mile or more north of Bena, involved
with beds of Lower Miocene (Temblor) age, and beneath
gravel-strata also of Miocene age.''^ Only a small exposure
of possible Oligocene strata was seen on Salt Creek beneath
the Miocene, while to the east of this stream none was seen
in any of the creeks crossing the zone of the Tertiary, and
presumably it does not occur there.

A collection of marine species determined as of Temblor
age was obtained from the sandy beds beneath the volcanics
a little west of Salt Creek, on the SE ^ of Sec. 29, T. 10
N. R. 20 W. S. B. M., from a locality mapped by Clark"
as belonging to the "Vaqueros" group, at the base of which
he indicated "continental beds", supposed to be of Oligocene
age. These continental beds were not observed by the
writers, but lying farther to the west is an extensive zone of
strata mapped by Clark as belonging to the "San Lorenzo
series". The "continental beds" interposed by Clark be-
tween the marine Oligocene and the Temblor, sufficiently
emphasize the disconformity between the two groups, both
of which in their turn, however, are superimposed upon the
Tejon Group. The species obtained from these Miocene
beds are all such as may be found in the Temblor beds of
the Kern River section, and include the following:

Scuiaster andersoni Pack Tellina nevadensis Anderson & Martin

Antigona mat/ie<wsonii (Gabb) Mulinia densata (Conrad)
Dosin'ia ivhitneyi Gabb Agasoma barkerianum Cooper

«« Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 3, 1911, p. 92.
"Jour. Geol. Vol. 29, p. 151.

34 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

Other species only doubtfully identifiable were also found,
but as far as can be judged, none that may not be found
in the Temblor Group.

A little to the east of Salt Creek these Temblor strata
rest directly upon the Tejon with no intervening deposits,
and so continue beyond the valley of Pastoria Creek.

Distinctness of the Tejon Group: It appears from what
has already been said that there is much convincing evidence
of the unity and distinctness of the Tejon Group in the
locality of the Type section, and that as a group it forms a
part of the Eocene series, but by no means the whole of it.

It is suggested in Whitney's account, and explicitly stated
in the report of Robert Anderson that the strata "are to be
regarded as making up a formation, and not a larger division
of the geologic column".

Anderson described in considerable detail the enclosed
lobe of the basin at the southeast extremity of the Great
Valley, and styles it a "reentrant". It is in the area of this
extreme lobe of the basin where neither Cretaceous nor
Lower or Middle Eocene strata are found, that the Tejon
Group of the Eocene is exclusively developed, and its strati-
graphic distinctness is shown in the manner of an overlap
upon rocks of the basement series from which it derived
its sediments.

But the distinctness of the Tejon Group from the earlier
Eocene rocks is most forcibly shown by the unconformable
relations of this group upon earlier Eocene sediments, as
pointed out and mapped under the name of Meganos by
Clark, and which he showed to underlie the Tejon between
San Emigdio Creek and the canyon of Tecuya Creek, already
referred to.

If more convincing proof of the distinctness of the Tejon
Group is desired it will be found in its faunal aspects as con-
trasted with those of the older parts of the Eocene in the
pages that follow.

Dynamic History: The continental uplift which brought
the deposition of Cretaceous sediments to a close along the
west coast was one of long duration, extensive denudation,
and of removal from extensive areas of the recently depos-
ited sediments.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPB TEJON EOCENE 35

No doubt the uplift was accompanied by warping and
folding of the pre-existing rocks, and doubtless too, the
principal ranges and valleys of the present were outlined or
foreshadowed by this disturbance, or accentuated by it.

However, this uplift was followed by a subsidence which
again brought the sea inland, and resulted in the flooding
of the basins and valleys along the continental border, and
in the region of central California led the sea eastward to
the base of the Sierra Nevada which then occupied a posi-
tion, if not an elevation, similar to that of the present time.
This was the Eocene subsidence.

Oscillations of land-level occurred at intervals during the
course of the prolonged subsidence of the Eocene period,
but their number, extent, and vertical magnitude have not as
yet been fully determined, though at least two events of
importance interrupted the course of the general subsidence
of the period.

One of these events was the disturbance which marks the
interval between the Martinez and the Meganos periods,
and the other, that between the Meganos and the Tejon.
Both were uplifts of considerable regional extent, followed
by subsidences and readjustment of strand lines not alto-
gether coincident with their former positions.

During Tejon time the Eocene sea had its greatest south-
ward advance into the Temblor basin, though apparently
not its greatest areal extension, since no Tejon strata are
known along the western flanks of the Sierra Nevada,
where, in Middle Eocene time the sea had left deposits of
considerable thickness. But the overlap of the Tejon sedi-
ments beyond the border of the preceding group at the
extreme southeastern lobe of this basin, with no such over-
lap along the sierran margin, indicates a condition of warp-
ing as well as of subsidence during the Tejon. The overlap
will no doubt be found at other points about the Temblor
Basin and elsewhere in central and southern California, but
at the present time it has not been very extensively followed.

It is impossible at present to note all of the oscillations
that affected this region during succeeding Tertiary times,
but the unconformities that followed the Tejon, including

35 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY Of SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

that which separates the Lower Miocene from the earlier
groups, were of great magnitude, each indicating uplifts,
erosion, and subsequent subsidences with readjustment of
strand lines about the Temblor basin.

Among the many disturbances that followed the Tejon
epoch only two will be especially noticed in this connection,
since they seem to be of importance as affecting the Tejon
rocks.

First, all of the Lower Miocene strata exposed in the
district of the Type Tejon Group stand at angles of inclina-
tion similar to that of the Tejon Group itself. Where the
inclination of the Tejon is normal, or away from the base-
ment rocks, that of the Miocene is the same, and where
the former is overturned the latter is overturned also. It is
evident from this fact that the disturbances which finally
resulted in the folding and overturn of the Tejon Group
culminated after the epoch of the Lower Miocene, namely
the Temblor Group.

Secondly, the block-faulting and offsetting of the Tejon
Group, already noted on a former page, such as may be
seen along Tecuya and Salt Creeks, involves also the Lower
Miocene strata as far as they can be followed, and perhaps
even later beds. The exact epoch of this faulting is not
clearly indicated, although it probably coincided with that
of the folding and overturn just described. From data ob-
tained in other parts of this region the faulting appears to
have been initiated with the close of the Temblor epoch,
and was probably continued in a progressive manner after-
ward. The full sequence of the disturbances is of course
beyond the scope of this paper, and have already been partly
described for the Mount Diablo Range. "*°

Paleontology of the Tejon Group
Rich Fauna of the Group

The Tejon Group at its type locality Is exceptionally rich
In fossil marine MoUusca, which Is perhaps far from being
exhausted by the lists included in this paper. Its fauna is

*^ Calif. Acad. ScL Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 4, 1914, pp. 23-35.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 37

especially rich in its contents of Gastropoda, some of which
are highly ornamented forms that show a considerable de-
gree of advancement in their racial development, but
whether this is properly interpreted as indicating a late
epoch of the Eocene period, or merely a late epoch in their
racial history it is impossible to decide. Some have sup-
posed the former, but it has seemed to us that the preference
is involved in the personal factor rather than a result
of any truly scientific observation or conception. At all
events a better basis for determining the relative age of the
group, or its age relative to other groups of the Eocene
period, is that of superposition, and its rich faunas with their
highly developed forms should properly be regarded only as
incidental, or determined by factors that had little relation
to stratigraphic position. This conception would neither
rob biology of any of its rights nor geology of any of its
advantages for the purposes of correlation.

It appears from what has been already said on preceding
pages that the fauna described here is likely to have been
governed by local conditions, and therefore not fully repre-
sentative of the group of strata contemporary and equiva-
lent to that of the type section of the Tejon Group. This
may be true, and doubtless other localities, as truly repre-
sentative of the epoch, will furnish many additional species
to the aggregate fauna of the Tejon Group, but if as strict
a method of sifting is employed for the new localities as the
writers have endeavored to use in this case the result should
be satisfactory.

Preservation: The greater portion of the fossils obtained
from the type locality of the Tejon Group have come from
strata of hard calcareous sandstone. The grains of sand
are chiefly quartz, though with enough clay and calcareous
matter to bind the whole into a very tough rock. A few
fossils have come from the basal beds of conglomerate or
loose sandstone, but they have been usually poorly preserved
and have entered but little into the faunal considerations of
this or other papers. On the other hand the fossils in the
harder layers are often beautifully preserved and entirely
uncrushed, but the hardness and tenacity of the rock has
prevented securing perfect specimens and a full representa-

3g CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCFENCES [Oc. Papers.

tion of the fauna, although a refined technique of extraction
has enabled us to very greatly improve upon the complete-
ness of this work attained in the past by others. It is thus
that we have been enabled to expose for illustration many
of the more diagnostic parts, such as hinges, etc., and in so
doing we have been able also to produce a fauna comparable
in many respects to the best from more favored localities
and regions.

The disassociation of most of the bi-valves of the pelecy-
pods and the presence of considerable numbers of unworn
shells and fragments serves to indicate that there were cur-
rents at the time of the deposition, but also that they were
not swift, since the shells have not been transported far from
the point at which the muUusks flourished.

Stratigraphic Range of Species: Except for a small fauna
of distinctly strand loving species discovered in the basal beds
of the group, there is little evidence of any great change of
faunas in ascending the sequence of strata. The differences
which can be noticed are such as would naturally follow dif-
ferences in the character of the sediments, and they are
negligible. The basal beds are not very fossiliferous, but
contain such forms as Barbatia, Spondylus, etc., and numer-
ous fragments and larger pieces of fossilized wood with
colonies of teredos. Above this member, which was limited
to a few hundred feet, the species found in the lower part
of the group ranged generally to the top, and vice versa.
In the middle portion of the section, 800 to 2000 feet above
the base, fossils are more numerous, particularly the more
characteristic gastropods. But many species which charac-
terize the group from the older groups of the Eocene were
found not only near the bottom of the section, but ranged
through all levels to the top. Some strata, to be sure, were
found rich in certain species, such as Tiirritella iivasana,
Venericardia hornii, or Crassatellites iivasamis, but such
conditions were evidently local. There has not been discov-
ered thus far any adequate basis for attempting to recognize
faunal zones in the Tejon Group at its type locality, and it
seems doubtful to the writers if any warrant will ever be
found for doing so.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TBJON EOCENE 39

Collecting Stations in Type Tejon Group

California Academy of Sciences localities:

244. East side of Live Oak Creek, Kern County, California, about three
fourths of a mile above where it flows out upon the San Joaquin Valley floor;
Bruce G. Martin, Collector. This creek was formerly called Alizos and many
species were described from it by Gabb from the collections made by Dr. Horn.

245. Along the east bank of a small gulch about one fourth of a mile east
of the pumping plant located near where Grapevine Creek flows out upon the
San Joaquin Valley floor, Kern County, California; Bruce G. Martin, Col-
lector.

246. Near the top of a small hill about 300 yards west of Grapevine Creek
and one half mile south of where it flows out upon the San Joaquin Valley
floor; collections made in coarse sandstone, near the base of the section;
Bruce G. Martin, Collector. Grapevine Creek was formerly called Canada
de las Uvas and the original boulder from which Conrad described the first
Tejon species came from the bed of the stream.

711. On the east side of Grapevine Creek near the point where the stream
flows out upon the valley floor; the fossils were collected near the center of the
section; G. Dallas Hanna and Marcus A. Hanna, Collectors; June 1921;
locality is very near 245.

792. West side of Tecuya Creek, Kern County, California about one mile
south of where the stream flows out upon the valley floor and near the center
of the 2,600 feet of exposed strata; F. M. Anderson and G. Dallas Hanna,
Collectors; December, 1922.

815. West side of Pastoria Creek, Kern County, California, near the base
of the Tejon section; F. M. Anderson and G. Dallas Hanna, Collectors;
December, 1922.

816. East side of Pastoria Creek, Kern County, California, at or below the
center of the Tejon section; F. M. Anderson and G. Dallas Hanna, Col-
lectors; December, 1922.

823. East side of Tecuya Creek, Kern County, California, about 800 feet
above the base of the group ; F. M. Anderson and G. Dallas Hanna, Col-
lectors ; December, 1922.

824. West side of Tecuya Creek, Kern County, California, about 1000 feet
above the base of the group; F. M. Anderson and G. Dallas Hanna, Col-
lectors; December, 1922.

825. East side of Live Oak Creek, Kern County, California, near the base
of the group; F. M. Anderson and G. Dallas Hanna, Collectors; December,
1922.

827. East side of Live Oak Creek, Kern County, California, near the center
of the group and at stream level ; F. M. Anderson and G. Dallas Hanna,
Collectors; December, 1922; locality is very near 244.

University of California localities:

A complete list of University of California collecting stations in the Type
Locality of the Tejon Group and vicinity was published by Dickerson.
(Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th ser. Vol. V, 1915, pp. 45, 46.) They are num-

40 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIBMCES [Oc. Papers.

bered from 451 to +65 inclusive but the only ones from which material has
been described in the present report are 451 and 460, the data for which are
as follows:

451. West side of Grapevine Creek, one fourth mile north of base of Tejon
Group ; Roy E. Dickerson, Collector.

460. Four miles south, 10° West of 1085 bench mark near pumping station
on highway; [this would be in or near Tecuya Creek;] Roy E. Dickerson,
Collector.

Southern Pacific Rail Road Company Localities:

327. Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California; SW % of SE % of Sec.
20, T. 10 N., R. 19 W., San Bernardino Meridian ; G. C. Gester, Collector.

326. West side of Tecuya Creek, Kern County, California; SE ^ of SE ^
of Sec, 26, T. 10 N., R. 20 W., S. B. M. ; G. C. Gester, Collector.

339. West side of Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California; SW % of
SW %, Sec. 19, T. 10 N., R. 19 W., S. B. M. ; G. C. Gester, Collector.

340. Between Salt and Tecuya Creeks, Kern County, California; SW % of
SE % of Sec. 23, T. 10 N., R. 20 W. ; S. B. M. ; G. C. Gester, Collector.

341. Same locality as 340.

342. Same locality as 340 except NW % oi SE % of Sec. 23.

406. Live Oak Creek, Kern County, California; G. C. Gester, Collector.
408. Same locality as 406.

Special Collections: The following lists of species, al-
though at the present time they do not appear to be particu-
larly significant, nevertheless represent some of the earlier
horizons of the Tejon Group at its type locality:

Locality 246 (C. A. S. Coll.). Basal beds of the Tejon in Grapevine
Canyon, Bruce G. Martin, Collector.

Spondylus carlosensis Anderson Barbalia sp. undt.

Venericardia hornii (Gabb) Ostrea sp. undt.

Crassatellites uvasanus (Conrad) Macrocallista andersoni Dickerson

Locality 815 (C. A. S. Coll.). Basal beds of the Tejon on the west side of
Pastoria Creek, east of Grapevine Canyon.

Glycymeris sagittata (Gabb) Crassatellites uvasanus (Conrad)

Spondylus carlosensis Anderson Mytilus humerus Conrad

Macrocallista andersoni Dickerson Barbatia sp. cf. B. morsei Gabb

Ostrea sp. undt. Crepidula pileum (Gabb)

Natica nuciformis (Gabb) Calyptraea excentrica (Gabb)

Oliva sp. undt.

Locality 816 (C. A. S. Coll.). 600 feet above the base of the Tejon Group,
on east side of Pastoria Creek, east of Grapevine Canyon.
Pitaria californiana (Conrad) Cardium hreiverii Gabb

Mytilus humerus Conrad Spisula bisculpturata A. & H. n. sp.

Brachydontes »rnatus (Gabb) Venericardia hornii (Gabb)

Teredo sp. undt. (in fossil wood) Crepidula pileum (Gabb)

Turritella sargeanti A. & H. n. sp. Amauropsis alveata (Conrad)

JVhitneya ficus Gabb Dendrophyllia tejonensis Nomland

Vol. XI] ANDERSON' AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 4}

Locality 825 (C. A. S. Coll.). 600 feet above the base of the Tejon Group,
cast side of Live Oak Creek, east of Grapevine Creek.

Glycymeris (2 small sp.) Turritella uvasana Conrad

Amaurops'ts alveata (Conrad) Natica hornii (Gabb)

Whitney a ficus Gabb Surcula sinuata (Gabb)

Macrocallista conrad'tana (Gabb) Cardium brewuerii Gabb

Locality 792 (C, A. S. Coll.). 800 feet above the base of the Tejon Group,
west side of Tecuya Creek, vsrest of Grapevine Creek.

Pitaria caltforniana (Conrad) Leda vogdesi A. & H, n. sp.

Tellina tehachapi A. & H. n. sp. Pterin pellucida (Gabb)

Acila gabbiana Dickerson Macoma viticola A. & H. n. sp.

Macrocallista andersoni Dickerson Solen novacula A. & H. n. sp.

Dentalium stentor A. & H. n. sp. Turritella uvasana Conrad

Exilia fausta. A. & H. n. sp. Sinum coryliforme A. & H. n. sp.
Worm tubes, sp. undt.

Locality 823 (C. A. S. Coll.). 800 feet above base of the Tejon Group,
east side of Tecuya Creek, west of Grapevine Creek,

Crassatellites uvasanus (Conrad) Pitaria californiana (Conrad)

Antigona hornii (Gabb) Cardium breiverii Gabb

Macrocallista conradiana (Gabb) Spisula bisculpturata A. & H. n. sp.

Glycymeris sagittata (Gabb) Amauropsis alveata (Conrad)

Olivella mathewsonii Gabb Natica sectm. Gabb

Turritella uvasana Conrad Calyptraea excentrica (Gabb)

Conus hornii Gabb Latirus sinuatus (Gabb)
Natica nuciformit (Gabb)

CHECK LIST OF SPECIES

The following list of species is designed to contain those
forms which rightly belong to the Tejon Group at its type
locality, such as have either actually been found there by
the writers, or collected under their direction, or authen-
tically listed or described from there by others, and in a
parallel column, those which have been incorrectly reported.
The writers have had access to most of the large collections
from the type locality, and have searched them carefully for
such confirmation as they afford for the data here offered as
authentic. Many species have been referred to this locality
by Gabb, and by others since his time but which, in truth,
do not properly belong here. Most of these errors have
been the result of hasty and mistaken identification of
species. The methods of Gabb in attempting to give the

42

CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

[Oc. Papers.

geographic and stratigraphic range of species, while followed
doubtless with an earnest desire to advance his science, led
him into many errors, the results of which have been inher-
ited by subsequent writers, who have also been heirs to some
of his methods.

VALID TEJON SPECIES

DendrophyUia tejonensis Nomland

Atur'ia kerniana A. & H. n. sp.

SPECIES REPORTED HERETOFORE
BUT NOT VALIDATED

"Turbinolia sp." Dickerson
Sch'tzaster lecontei Merriam

"Calitonassa stimpson'ti" Gabb

"Cancer sp. a." Dickerson

"Cancer sp. b." Dickerson
Aturia angustata Conrad
Aturia mathe<v)somi Gabb
Aturia ziczac (Sowerby)

Acila gabh'tana Dickerson
Antigona hornii Gabb
Area hornii Gabb
Brachydontes ornatus (Gabb)
Cardium brewerii Gabb
Cardium linteum Conrad
Corbicula ivilliamsoni A. & H. n. sp.
Corbula hornii Gabb
Crassatellites uvasanus (Conrad)
Divaricella cumulata (Gabb)
Dosinia elevata Gabb
Glycymeris sagittata (Gabb)
Glycymeris evermanni A. & H. n. sp.
Glycymeris ruckmani Dickerson
Glycymeris <verticordia A. & H. n. sp.
Glycymeris viticola A. & H. n. sp.
Kellia harrisi (Dickerson)
Kellia wvasana (Dickerson)
Leda parkei A. & H., n. sp.
Leda uvasana Dickerson
Leda -vogdesi A. & H. n. sp.
Macoma •viticola A. & H., n. sp.
Macrocallista andersoni Dickerson
Macrocallista conradiana (Gabb)

Mytilus ascia Gabb
Mytilus humerus Conrad
Nucula vitis A. & H., n. sp.

Acila truncata Gabb
"Acila n. sp." Dickerson

Barbatia morsei Gabb

Cardium cooperii Gabb

Cardium olequahensis Weaver

Corbicula olequahensis (Weaver)

Corbula parilis Gabb
"Crassatella alta" Conrad

Crassatellites grandis (Gabb)

Crassatellites mathewsonii Gabb

Diplodonta polita (Gabb)

Dosinia alta Conrad

Glycymeris instabilis A. & H. n. sp.

Glycymeris eoccnica (Weaver)

Isocardia tejonensis Waring

Leda gabbii Gabb

Leda protexta Gabb

Lucina cretacea Gabb

Lucina gyrata (Gabb)

Lucina nasuta Gabb
"Lucina (Myrtcea) n. s." Dickerson
"Macoma sp." Dickerson
"Marcia quadrata" Gabb
"Martesia clausa" Gabb
"Meretrix ovalis" Gabb

Meretrix tularana Conrad
Nucula cooperi Dickerson

Ostrea idriansis Gabb

Vol. XI]

ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE

43

VALID TEJON SPECIES

Pitaria calif orniana (Conrad)
Pitaria tejonensis (Dickcrson)
Pitaria uimsana (Conrad)
Psamtnohia hornii (Gabb)
Pteria pellucida (Gabb)
Septifer dichotomus Gabb
Solen novacula A. & H. n. sp.
Spisula acutirostrata Packard
Spisula bisculpturata A. & H. n. sp.
Spondylus carlosensis Anderson
Tellina castacana A. & H. n. sp.

Tellina hoivardi Dickerson

Tellina lebecki A. & H. n. sp.

Tellina tehachapi A. & H, n. sp.
Venericardia hornii (Gabb)

Acmaa tejonensis Gabb
Acteon quercus A. & H. n. sp.
Albania vinosula A. k H. n. sp.
Amauropsis alveata (Conrad)
Architectonica hornii Gabb
Argobuccinum californicum (Gabb)
Argobuccinum tejonense (Gabb)
Bullaria hornii (Gabb)
Bursa hornii (Gabb)
Cadulus gabbi Sharp & Pilsbry
Cancellaria pauci'varicata (Gabb)
Calyptnea excentrica Gabb
Chrysodomus ruckmani Dickerson
Clavilithes calif ornicus (Conrad)

Cominella colemani A. k H. n, sp.
Cominella tejonensis (Dickerson)
Conus eegilops A. k H. n. sp.
Conus calif ornianus (Conrad)
Conus hornii Gabb
Conus submonilifer A. k H. n. ^.
Conus ? remondii Gabb
Co^'litzia canalifera (Gabb)
Crepidula pileum (Gabb)

SPECIES REPORTED HERETOFORE
BUT NOT VALIDATED

Ostrea sp. Dickerson
Phacoides (Myrtea) iaffana

Dickerson
Pinna barro<wsi Dickerson
Placunanomia inornata Gabb
Psammobia texia (Gabb)

"Psammobia sp." Dickerson
Solen parallelus Gabb
Spisula ashburnerii (Gabb)
Spisula merriami Dickerson
Tellina tequalis Gabb
Tellina californica Gabb
Tellina joaquinensis Arnold
Tellina longa Gabb
Tellina reinondii Gabb
Tellina sutterensis Dickerson

"Teredo sp." Dickerson
Venericardia planicosta (Lamarck)
Acteon moodyi Dickerson
Acteon n. sp. Dickerson
Amauropsis alocata Arnold
Ampullina andersoni Dickerson
Ampullina Iiannibali Dickerson
Ancillaria elongata Gabb
Architectonica cognata Gabb

"Cancellaria marysvillensis"
Dickerson

Cancellaria stantoni Dickerson
Cerithiopsis alternata Gabb
Cadulus pusiUus (Gabb)
"Chrysodomus supraplicata" (Gabb)
Conus co-ivlitzensts Weaver

Conus iveaveri Dickerson
"Cordiera viicroptygma" Gabb
Coix^litzia simplex (Gabb)
Crepidula inornata Dickerson
Cymatium coivlitzensis (Weaver)
Cyprcea mathevisonii Gabb
Cyprcea bayerquei Gabb
Epitonium tejonense Dickerson
Epitonium n. sp. Dickerson

44

CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES

[Oc. Papers.

VALID TEJON SPECIES

Cylichnella tantilla A. & H. n. sp.
Cypnea kernlana A, & H. n. sp.
Dentalium cooperii Gabb
Dental'tum stramineum Gabb
Dentalium stentor A. & H. n. sp.
Exilia fausta A. & H. n. sp.
Exilia novatrix A. & H. n. sp.
Exilia laaringi Dickerson
Ficopsis hornii (Gabb)
Ficopsis remondii (Gabb)
Ficus mamillatus Gabb
Galeodea petrosa (Conrad)
Gemmula abacta A. & H. n. sp.
Gemmula encinalis A. & H. n. sp.
Gyrineum keiui (Dickerson)
Gyrineum uvasalis A. & H. n. sp.
Helminthoglypta ohtusa A. & H. n. sp.
Latirus sinuatus (Gabb)
Latirus ivhitneyi (Gabb)
Mangilia fibrata A. & H. n. sp.
Marginella adumbrata A. & H. n. sp.
Marginella multifilosa A. &.H. n. sp.
Melanella acuella A, & H, n. sp.
Mitra alizalis A. & H. n. sp.
Mitra marietta A. & H. n. sp.
Mitra slevini (Dickerson)
Mitra uvasana Dickerson
Molopophorus striata Gabb
Murex beali A. & H. n. sp.
Nat tea hornii (Gabb)
Natica nuciformis (Gabb)

Natica uvasana Gabb
Natica secta Gabb
Niso pistiliformis A. & H. n. sp.
Odostomia insignifica A. & H. a. sp.
Olivella mathevjsonii Gabb
Phos blakeanus A. Sc H. n. sp.
Pseudoliva inornata Dickerson
Pseudoliva volutceformis Gabb
Pseudoperissolax blakei (Conrad)
Pyramidella slevini A. & H. n. sp.
Pyramidella fremonti A. & H. n. sp.
Pyramidella mucronis A. & H. n. sp.
Sinum coryliforme A. & H. n. sp.

SPECIES REPORTED HERETOFORE
BUT NOT VALIDATED

Exilia diaboli (Gabb)
Exilia dickersoni (Weaver)
Exilia perkinsiana Cooper
Exilia harrisi Dickerson
Ficopsis cowlitzensis (Weaver)
Ficus modes tus (Conrad)
Fusinus martinez (Gabb)
Fusinus matke%usonii (Gabb)
Fusinus tumidus (Gabb)
Galeodea tuber culata (Gabb)
Gyrineum luashingtonianum
(Weaver)

"Hemifusus letvisiana" Weaver
Loxotrema turrita Gabb
Mitra simpHcissima Cooper
Murex sopenahensis Weaver

Nassa cretacea Gabb

Natica fiasco Hanna

Natica gibbosa Lea

Natica ? oetites Conrad

Natica semilunata Lea
"Naticina obliqua" Gabb

Niso polita Gabb
'Nyctilochus luashingtoniana"

(Weaver)
"Nyctilochus n. sp. a" Dickerson
"Perissolax tricarinatus" Weaver
"Potamides sp." Dickerson

Pseudoliva lineata Gabb

Pseudoliva tejonensis Dickerson
'Odostomia packi" Dickerson
'Odostomia sp. a" Dickerson
'Odostomia n. sp." Dickerson

Vol. XI]

ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE

45

VALID TEJON SPECIES

Siphonalta tularensis A. & H. n. sp.
Solariella enamellata A. & H. n. sp.
Surcula alizensis A. & H. n. sp.
Surcula cohni Dickerson

Surcula to (Gabb)

Surcula ioformis A. & H. n. sp.
Surcula sinuata Gabb
Surcula uvasana Dickerson

Surcula cocequalis A. & H. n. sp.
Teinostoma exoleta A. & H. n. sp.
Teinostoma profunda A. & H. n. sp.
Terebra californica Gabb
Tritonalia volutceformis (Dickerson)

Turbontlla gesteri A. & H. n. sp.

Turbonilla iernensis A. & H. n. sp.
Turritella sargeanii A. & H. n. sp.
Turritella uvasana Conrad
Vitrinella uvasula A. & H. n. sp.
Valuta martini Dickerson
Whitneya ficus Gabb

SPECIES REPORTED HERETOFORE
BUT NOT VALIDATED

Scaphander costatus (Gabb)
"Serpula sp." Dickerson
"Siphonalia bicarinata" Dickerson
"Siphonalia sopenahensis" (Weaver)
"Spiroglyphus tejonensis" Arnold
Surcula claytonensis Gabb
Surcula co-wliizensis Weaver
Surcula fresnoensis (Arnold)
Surcula gesteri Dickerson
Surcula ivashingtoniana (Weaver)
"Tritonium fusi forme" Gabb
"Turris moniltfera" (Cooper)
"Turris raricostata" Gabb
"Turris stocki" Dickerson
" Turris sp." Dickerson
" Turris n. ^." Dickerson
Turritella bicarinata Dickerson
Turritella hwujaldana Dickerson
Turritella keivi Dickerson
Turritella tricarinata Dickerson
"Turritella n. sp." Dickerson

Typhis antiquus Gabb
" Valuta sp." Dickerson
"Volutilithes n. sp." Dickerson

TABLE SHOWING NUMBER OF SPECIES REPORTED FROM TYPE
SECTION OF THE TEJON GROUP

The follov/ing table Includes those species which have
been properly reported from the Type Tejon; also those
which we have been unable to confirm and the new species
described in the present paper.

The preceding list contains 22 references to generic names
where the species has been left unidentified. For complete-
ness we have included all such found and they are counted
in the summary below, but the original authors probably
ascribed very little importance to them. Also the table in-
cludes certain names found to be synonyms or homonyms
which fall into the invalid column although they may be rep-
resented by a name in the valid side.

46

Authors Accepted Species

Conrad, T. A 11

Gabb, Wm. M 43*

Sharp and Pilsbry 1*

Arnold, Ralph

Dickerson, R. E 22*

Packard, E. L 1*

Anderson & Hanna, S3*

new species

» SCIENCES

[Oc. Papers.

jected Names

Total Number

10

21

32*

75

•...

1

1*

1

88*

110

-.--

1

—

53

132 131 262

Description of Species
Introductory Note

In the descriptive notes here offered regarding the differ-
ent species of the Tejon Group the present authors have
endeavored to adhere strictly to scientific methods of paleon-
tologic work; first, by obtaining as exhaustive collections
as were practicable of the rich fauna, and secondly, by
identifying these species as far as possible with those which
had actually been described from this locality, or, where
this has not been possible, by comparing them with species
from the Eocene elsewhere in California, or finally on the
west coast, but always with proper discrimination.

In many cases the original figures and descriptions of
species have been poor, and sometimes quite inadequate for
identification, especially those of earlier writers who had not
the facilities of photography, but in only a few cases, if in
any, have the present authors presumed, without satisfac-
tory evidence, to identify such, and then, with the utmost
caution. Where the original figures and descriptions have
been faulty, and our material has permitted it, new figures
and descriptive notes have been added, but only in such cases
as the identity appeared to be unquestionable. By this
method they have felt compelled to exclude from the list
of Type Tejon species many that had been attributed to this
locality and group in the past, and on the other hand to add
many new forms that had been overlooked, or wrongly iden-
tified, but the advantages should be obvious, and have

*The publications are arranged chronologically and the figures given are in
addition to any which may have been included in those above. Of course each
author after Conrad listed a considerable proportion of both valid and invalid
species which had been previously recorded from the formation.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 47

rewarded them abundantly. Errors of stratigraphic corre-
lation may easily arise from hasty and frequently erroneous
determination of species, and from the confusion of forms
that are only nearly related, and which may come from en-
tirely different stages, or members, or even groups of strata
or from different geographic provinces in which there are
only analogous species.

The authors have consistently endeavored to avoid such
errors, believing that greater gain will result from a careful
scrutiny of fossil material, and discrimination between those
species which are only analogous, or related genetically,
and not truly identical.

But the aim of this contribution has been admittedly
geologic rather than biologic, stratigraphic rather than sys-
tematic, though the genetic order and relationships have not
been overlooked, as it may explain a great many of the
difficulties that have been encountered in the work. The
accumulation of so great an aggregate of strata has doubt-
less covered sufficient time to allow specific changes in many
of the forms found in the earlier stages of the group, and
this fact has been kept in mind though its full effects cannot
be followed up at this time as they may be when the fauna
becomes better known.

No doubt the Tejon Group, as well as its different mem-
bers, as found at the type locality, have some geographic
continuity and extent, especially within the basin to which
the type section belongs. But errors of correlation have
been made as a result of hurried determination of the
species contained, or obtained from sundry strata, and by
assuming a knowledge of stratigraphic conditions which a
proper faunal study would have corrected. This error has
been often repeated in the past.

The terms Tejon, Tejon formation, and Tejon Group,
and even Type Tejon have been applied to members or
groups of Eocene strata in the Mount Diablo range, be-
tween the type section and Mount Diablo, before any ade-
quate knowledge of the type section itself, or of its fauna,
had been gained.

It is with a desire to obtain an authentic faunal basis
for correlation that an examination of the faunal contents

43 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

of the type section of the Tejon Group was begun, but this
has led naturally to a close scrutiny, and then to a review
and a revision of the species belonging to it, and to a dis-
crimination between such and those that had been attributed
to it by various authors without proper warrant. It has
long been known that the fauna strictly belonging to the type
section of the Tejon Group had never been segregated from
the lists ascribed to it under the long continued action of
the landslide methods employed by Gabb, and others.

It was with this problem in view that the senior author,
while Curator of the Department of Paleontology of the
Academy of Sciences, began the collection of Tejon species,
both at the type locality and elsewhere, and under his direc-
tion Bruce G. Martin made extensive collections in Cali-
fornia, Oregon and Washington during 1913 and 1914.

One of the purposes served by the present contribution,
it is hoped, will be the restoration to its potential usefulness
of the good name of Tejon, as well as the segregation, as
far as is now possible, of the fauna that properly belongs
to it. Doubtless other species will subsequently be found
to augment the list here approved, either from the type
locality of the Tejon itself, or from other localities in which
equivalent strata as properly restricted, have been found.
This, of course, will be welcome to all students of either
stratigraphy or biologic paleontology.

The systematic arrangement of the families and genera
of mollusks, follows that of Tryon's Structural and System-
atic Conchology'*^ as closely as possible. Although that work
is known to contain many discrepancies, necessarily resulting
from 40 years of research, it is the only readily accessible
compilation in English which deals with the entire group of
mollusks, living and fossil. There are distinct advantages
in following this standard text until a new one is produced
which embodies the latest developments of the science.

" Three volumes, Philadelphia, 1882-83.

March 18, 1925

Vol. XI]

A^DERSO^' AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE

49

1. Aturia kerniana'*^ Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 6, figure 8, text figures 1, 2

Aturia mathevjsonii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 59, 60
Type Tejon records; (not pi. 17, fig. 31 which was reported from "Divi-
sion A, Martinez, but apparently came from the Chico Cretaceous. —
Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 210, Type Tejon records.
— Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 302, Type Tejon Records.

h

Figs. 1, 2. Aturia herniana, new species; reconstructed from type No. 881
(C. A. S. Coll.) ; see pi. 6. fig. 8.

Figs. 3, 4. Aturia angustata (Conrad) ; reconstructed from plesiotype No.
880 (C. A. S. Coll.) and other specimens; see pi. 6, fig. 7.

Shell small, somewhat ovate in section, deeply enveloped;
umbilicus very small or covered; sides slightly rounded, slop-
ing rapidly to the dorsum; ratio of height of entire whorl to
greatest width, about 2 to 1 ; surface of shell smooth,
marked only by lines of growth which curve strongly for-
ward from the umbilicus, then outward and backward to
the dorsum in a regular graceful curve; suture first curving
forward, and then back, forming a long angular tongue and

*^ Names printed in bold faced type represent species which have been determined
to properly belong to the fauna of the Tejon Group at the type locality. Names
printed in ordinary type have been excluded from that fauna for one reason or
another.

5Q CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. PAPeus.

then bending forward and outward at right angles to the
periphery; space between the sutures short, on the dorsum
equalHng about one-fifth of the diameter of the shell.

Type: No. 881, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected at
Loc. 711 (C. A. S. Coll.), Grapevine Canyon, Kern County,
California, by G. D. Hanna and M. A. Hanna, June, 1921 ;
Type Tejon Eocene.

In its lateral aspect this shell is not unlike the figure of
A. mathewsonii, and the sutures are similar but differently
placed. That species, however, was said to be sub-globose,
and to have a form even more regularly rounded than
Nautilus texanus.^^ Moreover, A. mathewsonii is undoubt-
edly a Chico Cretaceous species because in referring to it
later"*"* the author listed as associated forms, Turritella saf-
fordii, Venus varians and Pugnellus hamulus, all of which
are undoubtedly Cretaceous forms. Although he listed it
from the Martinez Group and was followed in this by Dick-
erson"*^ who also included it as a Tejon species and figured
a specimen from an unknown locality, there is considerable
uncertainty as to whether it is actually found in the Eocene
at all.

The text figures of A. kerniana herewith, were drawn
from fragmentary material but are true in measurement,
proportion and outline.

The species in some respects is not unlike A. angustata
Conrad"*^ from the Astoria Group of northwestern Oregon,
but that species is more ovate in section, has differently
placed loops in the suture lines, and a smaller umbilicus. It
is illustrated herewith for com.parison, (pi. 6, fig. 7, text
figs. 3, 4.)

2. Murex beali Anderson & Hanna, new species
Plate 13, figure 16

Murex sopenahensis Weaver, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th ser.
Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 43, SO, 51; Type Tejon records — Dickerson, Univ.
Calif. Publ. Gaol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 450; Type Tejon records. Not
Murex sopenahensis Weaver, Wash. Geol. Surv. Bull. IS, 1912, p. 48, pi.
1, fig. 8; from Cowlitz Valley, Washington.

"Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pi. 9, fig. 3b.
** Gabb, Amer. Journ. Conch. Vol. 2, 1866, pp. 88, 89.
"Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 8, 1914, pp. Ill, 113.
*• Wilkes Explor. Exped. 1849, p. 728, pi. 20, figs. 5, 6.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE ^\

Shell small, inconspicuous, somewhat triangular in outline,
though having minor peripheral angles and spines; spire
not high, upper slope interrupted, not continuous; canal
straight and short, or only moderately produced; spines
short, with a tendency to produce double tubercules on the
angle of the body v/horl; surface ornamented with strong
revolving threads, slightly nodose on the peripheral angles.

Type: No. 837, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected by
Bruce G. Martin at Locality 244, (C. A. S. Coll.), Live Oak
Canyon, Kern County, California; Type Tejon Eocene.

This species differs from M. sopenahensis, and from M.
cowlitzensis Weaver, in having fewer and more reduced
spines, shorter spire and canal, a double keel, and more
inflated body whorl. It was mistaken by Dickerson for M.
sopenahensis Weaver, from the Cowlitz Group of southern
Washington.

3. [Typhis antiquus'*^ Gabb]

Typhis antiquus Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 82, pi. 18, fig.
31, Div. B, northeast of Martinez, not listed from the type Locality of
the Tejon Group.— Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p.
302.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 214, included as
Tejon also. — Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 197;
Gabb's record copied.

The records of this species from the strata of the Tejon
Group at its type locality seem to have been based on an
error on the part of Gabb. We are unaware that it has
ever been found there, and accordingly omit it from the
fauna of this Group.

4. Tritonalia volutaeformis (Dickerson)

Hemifusus volutaformis Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol.
S, 1915, p. 67, pi. 8, figs. 4a and 4b.

This species was described from Loc. 452 (U. C. Coll.),
of the Type Tejon Group, and the type specimen still re-
mains its solitary representative, as far as we are aware.
It falls naturally among the species which have been placed

_^ . . — ^ 4

*• Names of species printed in small type and enclosed in brackets [ ] have been
reported from the Tejon Group at the Type Locality but for some reason or other
are herein excluded as a part of that fauna. Names in bold faced type are consid-
ered to be yalid members of the fauna.

CO CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

by Dall^*^ in the above genus, and no basis is apparent for
including it with typical Hemifusus. It is obviously allied
to living Ocinebra of the Pacific Coast.

5. Pseudoliva inomata Dickerson

Plate 12, figure 1

Pseudoliva inornata Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. S, 1915,
pp. 50, 62, 90, pi. 7, fig. la only, not lb or Ic. (Fig. Ic is stated to be
from the same specimen as la, but this is obviously an error) — Dick-
erson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 439, Type Tejon record.

Pseudoliva tejonensis Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4th Ser. Vol. 5, 1915,
pp. 44, 63, pi. 7, fig. 2, Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), Tejon locality.— Dick-
erson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 451, Tjpe Tejon
records.

Pseudoliva lineata Gabb, Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ, Geol. Vol, 9, 1916,
p. 451, Type Tejon record. — Not P. lineata Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif.
Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 99, pi. 18, fig. 53, from Martinez, California.

Dickerson stated that P. inornata was described from
Loc. 458 (U. C. Coll.), a Type Tejon station. The type speci-
men is a young, and somewhat worn example of what he
described on a later page as P. tejonensis from an adult and
more perfect specimen; this latter name is therefore a syno-
nym, and as such must give way to the less fitting name,
P. inornata. Dickerson's figures lb and Ic are clearly made
from the same specimen, which is without doubt from the
Cowlitz group of southern Washington, and it belongs to a
distinct species, possibly to a distinct genus, which is at pres-
ent undescribed. We have no positive evidence to show
that P. lineata Gabb, has ever been collected from the strata
of the Type Tejon locality.

6. Pseudoliva volutaeformis Gabb

Pseudoliva volutaformis Gabb, Geol, Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 99,
223, pi. 28, fig. 212, near Fort Tejon. — Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 303.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif, Pal. Vol. 2, 1869,
p. 220, Tejon record. — Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34,
1882, p. 198.— Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4th Ser. Vol. 5, 1915,
p. 44, pi. 7, figs, 3a and 3b, Loc. 244 (C, A. S. Coll.), Tejon Group.—
Dickerson. Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 439, 452, Type
Tejon records.

•«U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 112, 1921, p. 107.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 53

This species was described from the type locality of the
Tejon, where it is not abundant; we have seen but few
specimens in the collections that have been examined. Ac-
cording to Zittel's Paleontology (Eastman's translation,)
PsetidoUva is characterized by a small basal tooth, or notch,
which corresponds to a groove on the body whorl, as is seen
on the outer lip of some living species. In the Tejon form
this tooth has not been seen, but the presence of the spiral
groove on the body whorl indicates that there may be a
projection on the lip as in Monoceros. The largest specimen
figured by Dickerson measures 28 mm. in altitude; 17 mm.
in diameter, and about 13 nodes are to be counted on the
periphery of the whorl.

7. Whitneya ficus Gabb

Whitneya ficus Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864-, pp. 104, 224, pi.
28, fig. 216, near Fort Tejon. — Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 303.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869,
p. 221.— Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 198.—
Harris, Science, Vol. 22, Aug. 1893, p. 97; it is stated this species is
found in deposits of Claiborne age in Texas. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad.
Sci., Proc. 4th ser.. Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 44, 69, pi. 9, figs. 5a, 5b, 5c, and 5d,
Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California. —
Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol, Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 442, 453, Type
Tejon records.

Strepsidura ficus (Gabb), Harris, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. 1895, p. 71.
Listed from Ft. Tejon, Calif, and Alum Creek Bluff, Texas,

This species v/as originally described from the type local-
ity of the Tejon Group, and has usually been found there
and so listed by subsequent collectors. The species is the
type of the genus which seems to have several distinguishing
features to separate it from its eastern analogues, such as
Bulbifiisus Conrad, Sycum Bayle, and others. The bald
nuclear whorls, the cancellated sculpture of the young stage
and the spiral sculpture in the adult are very constant in
the species ficus and serve to distinguish the genus fVhitneya.

8. Argobuccinum calif ornicum (Gabb)

Tritonium calif ornicum Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, pp. 154,
218, pi. 26, fig. 33; "rare in Tejon Group, Tejon." — Cooper, Calif.
State Min. 7th Ann. Kept. 1888, p. 294. — Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv.
Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 15,— Dickerson, Univ. Calif, Publ, Geol, Vol. 7,
1913, p. 264.

54 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

Nyctilochus calif ornicus (Gabb), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser.,
Vol. 5, 1915, p. 44, pi. 7, fig. 7; Loc. 458 (U. C. Coll.), Type Tcjon
section. — DiCKERSON, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 426,
427, 433, 451, Type Tejon records; ? not pi. 40, fig. 8, Loc. 1853 (U. C.
Coll.), Marysvillc Buttes, California.

This species was described from the type locality of the
Tejon Group, but is not abundant there. Gabb stated that
there are "about two varices to a volution", a character
belonging to the genus Gyrineum.^^ However, his figure
shows one varix to about one-third of a whorl. The only
specimen we have seen of the form came from Loc. 245
(C. A. S. Coll.), and is imperfect. The regularly rounded
whorls, high spire, irregularly disposed varices, and roughly
cancellated sculpture, without nodes or spines, places the
shell in the genus Argobiiccinum. The presence of nodes
and a short spire in G. kewi, serve to distinguish it from
the present one.

9. Argobuccinum tejonense (Gabb)

Tritonium (Trachytriton) tejonensis Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2,
1869, pp. 154, 218, pi. 26, fig. 34; "Arroyo de los Alizos," Tejon —
Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Kept. 1888, p. 294.— Arnold, U. S.
Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 15.

Gabb's figure of this species was drawn from a specimen
which was largely a cast but to which a small fragment
of the shell was adhering, and the specimens which we have
obtained are not perfect; altogether they indicate that the
species is entirely distinct from any other in the formation
from which they came. The irregular varices, short canal,
and the anal siphon indicate that the form belongs to the
genus Argobuccinum.

10. Bursa hornii (Gabb)

Plate 13, figures 3, 4, 8

Tritonium hornii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 94, 223, pi.
28, fig. 208; Alizos Creek, near Fort Tejon, but recorded also from
Cochran's, near Mount Diablo, — Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol.
3, 1867, p. 303.— Gabb, Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 218; Tejon Group, Tejon.—
Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 197.— Cooper,
Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 294. — Arnold, U. S. Geol.
Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 15.

"See Dall, Smiths. Misc. Coll. Vol. 47, 1,904, p. 130.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 55

Not Nyctilochus hornii (Gabb), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser.,
Vol. 5, pi. 7, fig. 8, which is Clavilithes calif ornicus (Conrad).

Nyctilochus liMshingtoniana (Weaver), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc.

4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 44, 50, 51; Type Tejon records; not pi. 7, fig.

9, from the Cowlitz Group of Washington. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif.

Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 451, Type Tejon records.
Not Cassidaria luashingtontana Weaver, Geol. Surv. Wash. Bull. 15, 1912, p.

38, pi. 3, fig. 28.

The figures included herewith are of specimens believed
to represent the species Gabb had when he figured T. hornii.
They agree very well with his description, though not so
well with his figure which is quite unsatisfactory. In our
specimens the varices are irregularly disposed, sometimes
only appearing at the aperture; plications are present on the
inner side of the outer border; in the upper angle of the
aperture there is a decided anal sulcus, bounded below on
the peristome and on the body whorl by a blunt denticle;
this last feature places the species in the genus Bursa as
defined by Dall" although the rather long canal seems to
exclude it from any of the sub-groups he has indicated. The
callus on the body whorl is raised at its outer margin into a
sort of flange as in many species of this genus. An analo-
gous species in the Cowlitz Group of Washington was named
by Weaver, Cassidaria washingtoniana, which Dickerson
perhaps confused with Gabb's species when he reported
the northern form as occurring in the type section of the
Tejon Group.

The species which he figured from Loc. 244 (C. A. S.
Coll.) under the name Nyctilochus hornii we have deter-
mined as Clavilithes calif ortiicus (Conrad), while he has
figured still another species as hornii from Loc. 672 (U. C.
Coll.), the identity of which we cannot give at this time.^^

11. [Cymatium cowlitzensis (Weaver)]

Ranella cowlitzensis Weaver, Wash. Geol. Surv. Bull. 15, 1912, p. 41, pi. II,

fig. 15, and pi. 3, figs. 26 and 27.
Not Bursa coivlitzensis (Weaver), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th

Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 49, 51, Type Tejon records.
Not Nychtilochus convlitzensis (Weaver), Dickerson, (Op. cit.,) p. 44; listed

from Locs. 244 and 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), and Loc. 452 (U. C. Coll.),

Type Tejon records.

"2 Smiths. Misc. Coll. Vol. 47, 1904, p. .118.

"Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pi. 42, fig. 3.

56 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papbrs.

The species described by Weaver was from the Cowlitz
Group of southern Washington, but it evidently belongs to
the Genus Cyinatium, of the sub-group Guttiirnium, as Dick-
erson's figure demonstrates ;^^^^ it evidently is neither Bursa
nor Nychtilochus, as supposed.

Although Dickerson stated that Weaver's species is a
"characteristic and most abundant" form in the "Type
Tejon" fauna, ^'* we have been unable to find any example of
it in any of the collections examined by us. Two small but
unidentifiable specimens from Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.)
seem to belong to the genus Cymatinm, but it cannot be
shown that they are of Weaver's species, which, in our judg-
ment, has not yet been found at the type locality of the
Tejon Group.

12. Gyrineum kewi (Dickerson)
Plate 10, figure 4; plate 13, figure 12

Nyctilochus ke<wi Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, p. 64,
pi. 7, figs. 5a and 5b, Loc. 458 (U. C. Coll.), Grapevine Creek, Kern
County, California. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916,
pp. 421 and 451, Type Tejon records.

The species was described from immature specimens ob-
tained at the type locality of the Tejon Group. The pres-
ence of the two rows of nodes around the body whorl, four
between each pair of varices which are oppositely placed,
was not mentioned. The nuclear whorls are three in number
above the first varix, the earliest two being smooth. The
transition from these to the cancellated sculpture of the
upper spire is gradual. A full grown specimen, figured
herewith, measures 41.5 mm. in altitude, and 26.5 mm. in
diameter. The species is much like the living G. gyrinus,
(L.), which is the type of the genus. It cannot therefore be
placed with the giant tritons in the genus Nychtilochus. The
Tritons were at one time considered by Dall to belong to
the genus Septa Perry,^^ but Mathews and Iredale^^ showed
that this name was preoccupied. Dall then selected Nych-
tilochus as the first available name for these huge living

"a Above citation, pi. 9, fig. 4.

"Calif. Acad. Set. Proc 4th Sen Vol. 5, 191S, p. 51.

M Smiths. Misc. Coll. Vol. 47, 1904, p. 134.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANXA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 57

shells of the tropics.^'' But this action was unfortunate and
Iredale^^ showed the name to be inapplicable; he proposed
the name Charonia Gistel, for the giant tritons. In 1915
Iredale^^ discussed the much involved subject at some length,
adopted the family name Cymatidae and otherwise disagreed
widely with the arrangement of Dall's.

13. Gyrineum uvasalis Anderson & Hanna, new species
Plate 6, figure 1; plate 10, figure 5; plate 13, figure 13

Fusus iumidus Gabb, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser. Vol. 5, 1915,
p. 43; Type Tejon record. — Not F. iumidus Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif.
Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 145, pi. 26, fig. 22, from the Martinez Group.

Fusinus tumidus Gabb, Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol, 9, 1916, pp.
421, 450; Type Tejon records.

Shell large and robust, spire high, and canal long and
straight; whorls at least ten in number, including the nucleus;
body whorl with nine blunt spines just above the periphery,
below which the heavy spiral cords are inclined to be nodose;
between these spiral cords, at the periphery of the whorls,
there are five spiral threads; toward the upper whorls the
spines become axial ribs, extending from one suture to an-
other, while the spiral threads unite into uniform evenly
spaced ribs; nucleus consisting of five quite smooth whorls,
ending abruptly at the first varix; varices on opposite sides
of the whorls, consisting of enlarged modifications of the
axial sculpture on other parts of the shell.

Type: No. 829; paratypes. No. 830 and 872; Mus. Calif.
Acad. Sci.; collected at Locs. 245 and 711 (C. A. S. Coll.),
Grapevine Creek, Kem County, California, by Bruce G. Mar-
tin, G. D. Hanna and M. A. Hanna ; Type Tejon Eocene.

The specimen selected for the type, although somewhat
imperfect, shows the essential characters fairly well, except
the nuclear whorls. These are seen, however, on the para-
type. The type is the specimen upon which was based the
record of Fusinus tumidus (and Fusus tumidus) in the Tejon
Group at its type locality by Dickerson, as it was so labelled

" Victorian Naturalist, Vol. 29, 1912, pp. 9-12.

"Nautilus, Vol. 26, 1912, pp. 58-59.

» Nautilus, Vol. 27, 1913, p. 55.

"Trans. New Zealand Institute, Vol. 47, 1915, p. 458.

38 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

by him. No other species of Gyrineiim has been seen with
which this one needs careful comparison for separation.

14. ["Tritonium (Trachytriton) fusiforme (Gabb)"]

Tritonium (Trachytriton) fusiformis Gabb, Geo]. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1,
1864, pi. 18, fig. 45 ; figured without description. — Gabb, Pal. Vol. 2,
1869, p. 155, with description. Said to be from the Tcjon Group, Tejon.

Triton (Trachytriton) fusiforme Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869,

p. 219. — Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 294. — Arnold,

U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. No. 47, 1906, p. 15.
Nyctilochus fusiformis (Gabb), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen,

Vol. 5, 1915, p. 44.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916,

pp. 421, 451, Type Tejon records.

Gabb described this species from the type locality of the
Tejon Group, and it has been generally so listed in the litera-
ture, apparently from his records. We have been unable
thus far to recognize the species in any of the large collec-
tions studied from there, and we suspect that the name
represents a composite of more than one form. The orig-
inal figure shows an immature varix, which makes the shell
difficult to place generically. Until the original material
can be studied and the type found, the only safe course
seems to be to omit the name from the list of authentic
species. Although Dickerson published the name as repre-
senting a species occurring at Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), he
seems to have really felt some uncertainty in his identifica-
tion, since in labelling the single specimen from this point he
has written as follows: "'Hemifusiis n. sp. or Tritonium
fusiforme G?ihh? R. E. D." The specimen so labelled is an
immature example of the species described herein as Siphon-
alia tularensis n. sp. The name fusiformis has been used
so many times that it is improbable that it can be applied
to the California fossil even if this should be validated.

15. ["Nyctilochus sp. a" and "Nyctilochus n. sp."]

Nychtilochus sp. a, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915,
p. 44, Type Tejon record. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9,
1916, pp. 421, and 451, Type Tejon records.

Nychtilochus n. sp. Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915,
p. 44, Type Tejon record.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 59

The above records from the type locality of the Tejon
Group are of course meaningless, especially to any one with-
out access to the material so labelled by the author. But
since the specimens are really fragmentary and indeterminate
specifically, the records have no standing, and are disre-
garded. It is only for the purpose of completing the record
that mention is made of them here.

16. Exilia waringi Dickerson

Exilia ivaringi Dickerson, Calif, Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Scr., Vol. 5, 1915, p.
68, pi. 9, fig. 3, Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Type No. 328, Live Oak
Creek, Kern Coxinty, Calif.

(?) E. harrisi Dickerson, above cit, p. 43, also Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.),
Nomen nudum. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp.
421, 449, Nomen nudum, Type Tejon records.

Exilia waringi has several characters which distiguish it
from others in west coast Eocene deposits. The apical angle
of 25° is as large as in any of the species, and on the body
whorl there are no sharply defined zones of spiral sculpture
as in E. fausta, n. sp., but near the suture the threads are
almost as fine as those near the base of the whorl. It dif-
fers from E. dickersoni in its larger apical angle, which, in
the latter is only 21.5°.

The species resembles superficially Gabb's Cordiera mi-
croptygma, but the plaits on the columella of the latter
species no doubt separate it generically from Exilia.

No description has appeared of ''Exilia harrisi'' of Dick-
erson's Type Tejon lists, and it is not possible to conjecture
upon what the record v/as based.

17. Exilia fausta Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 8, figures 8, 9

Exilia dickersoni (Weaver), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen,
Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 43, 50, 51, Type Tejon Records.

Not Fusus dickersoni Weaver, Wash. Geol. Surv. Bull. 15, 1912, p. 50, pi. 3,
fig. 29, and pi. 14, fig. 124, Cowlitz Group, Vader Washington. — Dick-
erson, above cit, pi. 9, fig. 9, Cowlitz Group, Washington.

Shell small, but robust, spire much less elevated than in
E. dickersoni Weaver; apical angle 25°; suture impressed,

^Q CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

whorls rounded; body whorl with 19 axial ribs which ex-
tend downward slightly beyond the middle of the body
whorl; axial ribs sinuous; body whorl having two distinct
zones of spiral threads; on the upper portion of the whorl,
adjacent to the suture, are six widely spaced threads, some-
what nodose where they cross the axial ribs; below these
on the lower part of the body whorl, begins a zone of m.uch
finer spiral threads; columella calloused, canal long and
straight.

Type: No. 820; paratype No. 821, Mus. Calif. Acad.
Sci. ; collected at Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), Grapevine Creek,
Kern County, California, by Bruce G. Martin; Type Tejon
Eocene.

This species differs from E. dickersoni in the greater
apical, angle, shorter spire, and in the much finer spiral
threads on the lov/er part of the body whorl. The apical
angle agrees more nearly v/ith that of E. mar'tngi Dickerson,
but it differs from that species in its coarser ribs, and in the
two zones oi spiral threads described above. Moreover,
even in the young stage of E. waringi, the number of ribs
is 22, as against 19 in ours. In Dickerson's species the spiral
threads are nearly uniform over the entire body v/horl, with
the exception of three coarse ones near the suture.

18. Exilia novatrix Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 7, figure 10

Shell small, type composed of three whorls, but originally
there were about seven; whorls slightly convex, with suture
line sharply impressed and sinuous; apical angle 16.5°;
body whorl bearing 14 heavy, slightly oblique axial ribs
which extend from suture to suture on the upper whorls, but
on the body whorl to only a short distance below the pe-
riphery; spiral sculpture consisting of 23 threads on the body
whorl, where they are somewhat crowded; interspaces equal
in width to the threads, except in the area indicated. Length
of type, 8.8 mm., original length, about 12.5 mm.; diame-
ter, 3.S mm.

Type: No. 961, Mus. CaHf. Acad. Sci., collected at Loc.
711 (C. A. S. Coll.) in Grapevine Creek, Kern County, Cali-

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE (3|

fornia, by G. D. Hanna and M. A. Hanna, June, 1921 ; Type
Tejon Eocene.

This slender and graceful species is not closely related
to any other in western Eocene deposits. In outline it is
almost as slender as E. perkinsiana, described by Cooper
from Marysville Buttes, but the latter species has the axial
sculpture entirely subordinated to the spiral markings.

19. [Exilia perkinsiana (Cooper)]
Plate 9, figure 15

Pleurotoma perkinsiana Cooper, Calif. State Min. Bur. Bull. 4, 1894, p. 40,
pi. 2, figs. 23 and 24, Marysville Buttes, California.

(?) Exilia perkinsiana (Cooper), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4th
Sen, Vol. V, 1915, p. 94, pi. IX, figs. 2a and 2b.

Not Exilia perkinsiana Cooper, Dickerson, above cit., pp. 50, 51, Type Tejon
records. — Not E. perkinsiana, Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Pub. Geol. Vol. 9,
1916, p. 426, Type Tejon record.

Cooper's species was described from Marysville Buttes,
California; it is minute and has characteristic sculpture in
which the axial ribs are subordinated to the spirals and the
apical angle is only about 15°. Dickerson has figured some
specimens from the CoAvlitz Group, Washington, Loc. 183
(C. A. S. Coll.) as representing E. perkinsiana. We have
not compared them sufficiently to affirm that they are iden-
tical, although this is possibly true. However, it is not pos-
sible for us to determine upon what he based his identifica-
tion of Cooper's species in the Tejon Group at its type
locality. Neither Cooper's species, nor the form from the
Cowlitz Group have been found by us in any of the collec-
tions from there and we have no basis for including either
of them in the fauna of this Group. Dickerson did not
include Exilia perkinsiana in his formal lists of the T)^e
Tejon species where it should naturally be expected, (pp.
421 and 449 of his latest paper) if he actually considered
it to be a valid part of that fauna.

20. [Exilia diaboli (Gabb)]

Fusus diaboli Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 84, pi. 18, fig. 35,
Cochran's, east of Mount Diablo.— Gabb, Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 215,
found above the coal at Cochran's also recorded from Tejon. — Cooper,

52 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 282. — Arnold, U. S. Geol.
Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 15.

(?) Exilia diaboli (Gabb), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. +th Ser., Vol.
5, 1915, p. 94, pi. 9, fig. I, Loc. 452 (U. C. Coll.). Dickerson's figure
may possibly represent Gabb's species, or it may be a Coivlitzia. — (?)
Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 449, Type Tejon
record.

The type locality of this species is Cochran's, east of
Mount Diablo, where it is said to occur above the coal, but
in the second volume of California Paleontology Gabb re-
corded it at Tejon also.

While it cannot be stated positively that this species does
not occur at the type locality of the Tejon Group, neither is
there any positive evidence that it does so. A careful com-
parison of Dickerson's figure with that of Gabb shows suffi-
cient differences for separation. The species figured by Gabb
is more graceful in outline, and has many more vertical
ridges to the whorl than that of Dickerson, which recalls
the genus Cozvlitzia from this locality. That Dickerson him-
self entertained doubts regarding the identity of his species
with Gabb's is indicated, perhaps, by its omission from his
formal list of Tejon species from the type locality on page
421, although it is indicated on page 449, On the whole we
do not feel warranted in including this species as belonging
to the Type Tejon, since we find nothing to positively confirm
its occurrence there.

21. IFusinus martinez (Gabb)]

Fusus martinez Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 82, pi. 18, fig.
32, Bull's Head Point, northeast of Martinez, Cal.; not listed from
Type Tejon. — Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 302.—
Heilprin, Acad. Nat, Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p, 197,— Gabb,
Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 214, recorded from Type Tejon.— Cooper, Calif.
State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 282, recorded from Type Tejon. —
Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. No. 47, 1906, p. 15, recorded from
Type Tejon.

(?) Fusus cf. martinez Gabb, Dickerson, Univ. Calif, Publ. Geol. Vol. 8,
1914, pp. 73, 82, 109, 115, recorded only from Martinez.

Not Fusinus cf. martinez (Gabb), Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol.
9, 1916, p. 438, Type Tejon record.

This species has been listed from the type locality of the
Tejon Group at various times, although it was originally

Vol. XI] ANDERSOX AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 53

described from Bull's Head Point near Martinez. It is not
now known upon what these records were based; we have
seen no specimens from the Type Tejon that can be con-
sidered as identical with the one from Martinez. Dickerson
recorded it from the Type Tejon only once, and since he
did not list it in any of the formal tables where it would
especially be expected to appear, this one record should
perhaps be regarded as unintentional.

22. [Fusinus mathewsonii (Gabb)]

Fusus mathe<v:sonii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 83, pi. 18,
fig. 33, Martinez, California, only. — Gabb, Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 215,
Martinez Group, Martinez, but no Type Tejon record. — Dickerson,
Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 8, 1914, pp. 75, 77, 82, Martinez Group,
Martinez, only.

Not Fusinus mathewsonii (Gabb), Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9,
1916, pp. 433, 450, Type Tejon records.

We have not been able to learn upon what basis the record
of this species in the t>pe locality of the Tejon Group rests.
There is no evidence in the material at hand that it is found
there, and Gabb did not indicate this locality as one of its
habitats. Therefore, it is excluded from the valid list of
reported Tejon species.

23. Clavilithes californicus (Conrad)
Plate 13, figures 1, 2

Clavatula ? calif ornica Conrad, House Doc. 129, Proj. Vol. 3, 33d Congress,
1st Sess. 1855, p. 11, App. to Rep. of W. P. Blake. — Conrad, Pac. R. R.
Repts. Vol. 5, 1857, p. 322, pi. 2, fig. 11; Canada de las Uvas, QzM-
iomia.— Carpenter, Rept. Brit. Ass. Ad. Sci. 1864, p. 589. also, Smith.
Misc. Coll. 252, 1872, p. 75.

Not Clavella calif ornica Clark, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 11, 1918, p.
183, pi. 23, fig. 8, from supposed Oligocene strata.

Fusus californicus (Conrad), Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp.
85, 222, pi. 28, figs. 205, and 205a. — Conrad, Amer. Jour. Conch. Vol. 1,
1865, p. 363. — Gabb, Amer. Jour. Conch. Vol. 2, 1866, p. 89. — Gabb,
Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 302.— Gabb, Geol. Surv.
Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 215, Tejon Group, Tejon, etc. — Heilprin,
Acad. Nat Sci. Phila, Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, pp. 197, 203.— Cooper, Calif.
State Min. 7th Ann. Rept., 1888, p. 282. — Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv.
Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. IS.

54 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

Fusinus calif ornicui (Gabb) [err. for Conrad], Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 368, 442, Type Tejon records.

Nyciilochus hornii (Gabb), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol.
5, 1915, pp. 44, 90, pi. 7, fig. 8; Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.).— Dickerson,
Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 433, 439, 451, Type Tejon
records; not p. 516, pi. 42, fig. 3; Loc. 672 (U. C. Coll.), north of
Coalinga, California.

Leiorhynus calif ornica (Conrad), Amer. Journ. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p. 30.

Conrad described this species from the Canada de las
Uvas, Type Tejon locality, and it was later redescribed and
refigured by Gabb in more recognizable form. Dickerson
figured a specimen from Loc. 244 (C. A, S. Coll.) under
the name Nyctilochiis hornii, which is evidently Conrad's
species as above indicated.

The nodose sculpture on the upper whorls, becomes obso-
lete on later whorls; indistinct axial ribs or ridges are irregu-
larly disposed on the larger whorls, and in those characters
it agrees with some of the European species of the genus
Clavilithes, as for example, C. deformis (Solander), as fig-
ured by Grabau.^^

The name, Clavella calif ornica, given by Clark to a sup-
posed Oligocene species in 1918, probably conflicts with the
name of this Eocene species.

24. Latirus sinuatus (Gabb)

Plate 13, figures 14. 15

Fasciolaria sinuaia Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 101, 224,
and pi. 28, fig. 213, 213a.— Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3,
1867, p. 303.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 220.—
Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 198.— Cooper,
Calif. St. Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 282.— Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv.
Prof. Ppr. No. 47, 1906, p. 15.— Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th
Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 43, 74, pi. 11, figs. 3a and 3b, Nos. 347 and 348,
(C. A. S. Type Coll.) —Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9,
1916, pp. 421, 438, 449, Type Tejon records.

This species was described by Gabb as a Fasciolaria from
near Fort Tejon, and he listed it from San Diego. It is very
abundant in some of the collections from the type locality
of the Tejon Group, especially those from Live Oak
Canyon. Its outward characters are very constant and sim-

"> Smiths. Misc. Coll. Vol. 44, p. 120, pi. 14, figs. 1, 3, and 4.

March 18, 192S

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 55

pie. As Dickerson pointed out, the columellar plaits are
not visible from the aperture, but we have shov»^n them on
a broken specimen. In referring the form to the genus
Latiriis we have followed the example of Pilsbry, who re-
gards those forms with nodose shells and plicate columellas
with straight canals as belonging in this group.

25. Latirus v/hitneyi (Gabb)

Tritonium ivhitncyi Gabb, Geo). Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 96 and

223, pi. 28, figs. 210 and 210a, Alizos Creek, near Fort Tejon. —

Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 303.— Gabb, Geol.

Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 218.— Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.

Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 198.— Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept.

1888, p. 294.— Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. No. 47, 1906, p. 15.

— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 7, 1913, p. 264, Type Tejon

record only.
Nychtilochus ivhiineyi (Gabb), Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ, Geol. Vol. 9,

1916, pp. 427 and 442, and listed as A", cf. ivhitneyi on page 427.

This species was described from the type locality of the
Tejon Group and has not certainly been found elsewhere.
Dickerson noted it as one of the "characteristic forms of the
type locality of the Tejon", (p. 427), but he omitted it
from his formal lists of such pp. 421 and 451, without giv-
ing a reason. On his pi. 41, fig. 9, is shown a specimen
bearing the name of A^. whitneyi, found at Marysville
Buttes, but which may be a distinct species. Gabb's record
of it at San Diego on the basis of a cast seems to be of
doubtful validity; we have been unable to identify the species
with confidence in any of the collections studied from there.
Its close resemblance to Latirus sinuatiis (Gabb) has in-
duced us to place it in this genus, but for reasons already
explained it cannot be included with the giant living tritons
in the genus Nychtilo chits, if that name be used for the group
as has been proposed.

26. Chrysodomus ruckmani Dickerson

Chrysodomus ruckmani Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4th sen. Vol. 5,
1915, pp. 43, 65, and 66, pi. 7, fig. 11; Log. 452 (U. C. Coll.). — C.
ruckmani Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421 and
449; Type Tejon records.

^^ CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

On page 43 of the first publication cited the species is
listed from Locs. 451 and 458 (U. C. Coll.) but in the
description of the species the type locality is given as 452
(U. C. Coll.). An examination of the specimen figured
showed that an error was made in preparing the list occur-
ring on page 43; Loc. 452 is correct. The species is small
and inconspicuous, and while it may not belong to the genus
Chrysodomus, any other reference at present seems insecure.
It was originally described from Grapevine Creek, and is,
therefore, a species belonging to the Type Tejon Group.

27. ["Chrysodomus supraplicata (Gabb)", Dickerson]

? Neptunea supraplicata Gabb, Geol. Surv. Cal. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 89, pi.
18, fig. 40, San Diego, Calif.

Not Chrysodomus supraplicata (Gabb), Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol.
Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 426, 427, 432 and 438, Type Tejon records.

This species was originally described from imperfect
material found at San Diego, and Gabb did not mention
its occurrence at the type locality of the Tejon Group. While
it may possibly be found there by further search, we have
seen no specimens upon which to base a statement that it
has been. Dickerson has stated (p. 427) that the species
is one of the "characteristic forms at the type locality of
the Tejon", but he omitted it without explanation from his
formal lists of such species on pages 421 and 449. On the
strength of existing evidence the name must be omitted from
the list of authentic Tejon species.

Siphonalia A. Adams

This genus has been a receptacle for a great many names
of diverse forms of living and fossil shells. The type
species is S. cassidariaformis Reeve from Japan^^ which has
been figured by Tryon^^ and others. Upon comparison of
this with the west American Eocene species which have been
referred to the genus it seems very doubtful if the latter
are congeneric. Thus we have siitterensis, sopenahensis,

"Adams, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 3rd ser. Vol. H, 1863, p. 202.
" Man. Conch. Vol. 3, 1881, p. 135, pi. SS, figs. 364-369.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TETON EOCENE 57

bicarinata and tidarensis forming a natural group. Anala-
gous species are found in the Eocene of the southeastern
States and in Europe and it has been customary to refer
them all to Siphoualia. While we doubt the permanence of
this procedure it does not seem that a paper such as the
present one is the proper place to make such major changes
of nomenclature as would be involved in an attempt to
straighten out the irregularities. They more properly belong
to the field of the monographer.

28. Siphonalia tularensis Anderson & Hanna, new species
Plate 10, figure 1; plate 11, figure 7

Siphonalia bicarinata Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. +th Sen, Vol. 5,
1915, pp. 44 and 50, Type Tejon records; not p. 66, pi. 8, figs, la, lb, Ic,
Id.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 450, Type
Tejon records.

Shell of moderate size, spire high, having seven or eight
whorls, and a relatively short canal; body whorl convex
below the upper angle, sloping and straight above; sculp-
tured by two, sometimes by three prominent revolving cords,
bearing spines which are also connected by vertical ribs on
the body whorl; ornamented also by numerous spiral lines
of two orders; those on and near the base of the whorl
alternately heavier and finer, but all coarser than those above
the base; upper whorls angulated by a single row of spine-
like tubercules, passing into vertical ridges that reach the
suture below; vertical ribs extending over the body whorl
as well, but diminishing on the upper slope; suture undu-
lating above a distinct collar; canal short, slightly recurved,
and smooth near the aperture, though not calloused, only
slightly notched at the terminus.

Type: No. 854, paratypes, Nos. 855, 856 and 857, Mus.
Calif. Acad. Sci. ; collected at Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), Grape-
vine Creek, Kern County, California, by Bruce G. Martin;
Type Tejon Eocene.

The nearest analogue of this shell is S. bicarinata found
in the Cowlitz Group of Washington. The following notes
are based upon an examination of more than 60 well pre-
served specimens of all sizes from there and eight good

^o CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

but less perfect examples from the type locality of the Tejon
Group. The Tejon species is nearly twice the size of the
Cowlitz, even for the same number of whorls; it has a more
rugged sculpture and outline, and in mature specimens there
are as many as three strong revolving cords which cross the
vertical ribs forming elevated spines. On the Cowlitz form
only two stronger revolving threads are to be seen forming
spines on the vertical ribs, and in the majority of specimens
there is a single spiral line so developed. The canal is longer
in the Tejon species, and is less deeply notched at the ter-
minus; the spines are rounded and tubercle-like but in the
Cowlitz form they are flattened and expanded laterally, thus
presenting a very different appearance.

29. [Siphonalia sopenahensis (Weaver)]

Tritonium sopenahensis Weaver, Wash. Geol. Surv. Bull. 15, 1912, p. 40, pi.
1, fig. 6, Cowlitz Group, Vader, Washington.

Hemifusus sopenahensis Weaver, above cit., p. 44, pi. 1, figs. 2 and 3, Cow-
litz Group, with the preceding. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc.
4th Ser, Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 67, 92, pi. 8, figs. 2a and 2b, apparently also
from the Cowlitz Group, Washington.

Not Nyctilochus sopenahensis (Weaver), Dickerson, Cal. Acad. Sci. Proc.
4th Ser. Vol. 5, 1915, p. 44, Type Tejon record. — Dickerson, Univ.
Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 451, Type Tejon records.

A critical study of 48 well preserved specimens from the
Cowlitz Group, near Vader, Wash., (W-^eaver's type local-
ity), including three cotypes furnished by Dr. Weaver him-
self, and two plesiotypes figured by Dr. Dickerson, has con-
vinced us that the specimens described and illustrated by
Weaver as two distinct species (and genera!) are identical
specifically, and the names are therefore synonymous. But
the species represented by these specimens appears to belong
to the genus Siphonalia, as generally used in west American
paleontology, and not to either of the genera to which it
has been referred. However, no specimens referable to
either of the names proposed by Weaver have been found in
the locality of the Type Tejon, and at present we find no
reason for including it in the fauna of this Group. Two
specimens that may represent an analogous species have been
found, but the preservation does not permit of their specific
determination.

Vol. XI] A^'DERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 59

30. Pseudoperissolax blakei (Conrad)

Plate 10, figure 10; plate 12, figure 6

Busycon ? blakei Conrad, House Doc. 129, proj. Vol. 3, 33d Congress, 1st
sess. 1855, p. 11, near Fort Tejon, California, unfigured. — B. ? blakei
Conrad, Pac. R. R. Repts. Vol. 5, 1857, p. 322, pi. 2, fig. 13, Canada de
las Uvas, near Fort Tejon. — Carpenter, Rept. Brit. Ass. Ad. Sci.

1864, p. 589; also Smith. Misc. Coll. No. 252, 1872, p. 75.— Dickerson,
Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 368.

Perissolax blakei (Conrad), Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp.
92, 223, Type Tejon records, but not pi. 21, fig. 110, from Div. B, near
Martinez.— Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 303.—
Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, pp. 149 and 217, Type Tejon
records.— Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, pp. 197,
207.=Levifusus.— Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 289,
Type Tejon records. — Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. No. 47,
1906, p. 15.— Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915,
pp. 44, 98, pi. 11, fig. 4, Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Tejon locality.—
Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 433, 439, 451,
Type Tejon records.

Levifusus blakeyi [Typ. err. ?], (Conrad), Amer. Jour. Conch. Vol. 1,

1865, p. 17; Vol. 2, 1866, p. 99, (stated that the genus is not Perissolax,
but the species is allied to Levifusus trabeatus Conrad, of Alabama
Eocene strata.) — Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882,
p. 207.

Perissolax tricarinatus Weaver, Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 8,
1914, p. 113, stated to "occur abundantly in the type section of the Tejon

near Fort Tejon."— Not of Weaver, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 4, 1905,

p. 121, pi. 13, fig. 9.
Pseudoperissolax blakei (Conrad), Clark, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 11,

1918, p. 180, Conrad's species named as type of new genus, from Type

Tejon localit>'.

This is one of the species originally described from the
boulder of Canada de las Uvas, now Grapevine Canyon.
Conrad was unable to place the species generically to his
satisfaction, and Gabb placed it in his genus Perissolax, the
type of which was Fusus longirostris d'Orb. from the Cre-
taceous of Chile. ^^ Conrad, mistaking the generic charac-
ters of Perissolax, placed in it the species now known as
Ficopsis hornii (Gabb), etc.,^"^ but later he decided that
Perissolax was a peculiar genus v.ith only one species, and

«3 Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. 8, 1861, p. 122.
'* Amer. Journ. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p. -563.

70

CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

that his Biisycon ? blakei belonged to the genus Levifusus;
this, however, does not appear to be admissible. Dr. B. L.
Clark recognized the generic distinction between the Cre-
taceous type of Gabb's genus, Perissolax, and B. ? blakei of
Conrad, and proposed the last as the type of a new genus,
Pseudoperissolax.

The extraction of perfect specimens from the matrix
from Conrad's type locality, including the nuclear and young
stages, shows that the essential differences between this
Eocene form and the recent species of Columbarium Von
Martens, ^^ as represented by C. pagoda (Lesson), ^^ are
small, but differences in the texture of the shell, the presence
of spiral sculpture in the Tejon species, but absent from
Columbarium, induces us to retain the name proposed by
Clark.

A review of the subject, and of the other species which
have been referred to Perissolax is needed, but cannot be
given fully here. Gabb proposed the genus for Fusus longi-
rostris d'Orbigny, and included in it F. trivohus Gabb, also
from the Chilean Cretaceous. In 1864 he referred his new
species P. brevirostris to the same genus; it came from strata
of the Chico-Cretaceous.^^ At the same time he referred
Conrad's species to the same genus, but described and figured
a specimen from near Martinez, to represent it.^^ Conrad
recognized the difference between this form as described
and figured, and his Tejon form, and apparently proposed
for the Martinez form the name Perissolax gabbi.^^ No
further description was given, and no reference made by
which it could be identified, as Gabb has pointed out,'° so
that this name stands as a nomen nudum.

In 1905 Weaver described and figured a fragmentary
specimen from Martinez as P. tricarinatus/^ and Dickerson
made the remarkable statement that this species "occurs
abundantly in the type section of the Tejon near Fort

«= Conch. Mitth. 1881, p. 105.

" Illust. Zool. 1831, pi. 40.

«' Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal, Vol. 1, p. 91, pi. 18, fig. 43.

«» Above cit. p. 92, pi. 21, fig. 110.

«» Checklist, Eocene and Cretac, Smith. Misc. Coll. No. 200, 1866.

"Pal. Vol. 2, p. ISO.

"Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 4, 1905, p. 121, pi. 13, fig. 9.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 7 J

Tejon." It might be interpreted that this remark was an
unintentional error, or that he alluded to P. blakei, were it
not for the fact that he included also Schizaster lecontei
Merriam; this also is a Martinez species, not known at the
type locality of the Tejon. He has not subsequently referred
to Weaver's species from the Type Tejon, and it is not in-
cluded in any of his formal lists of Tejon species in his latest
paper/^ However, in this later paper he described from a
fragmentary specimen, presumably from the Martinez
Group, Loc. 532 (U. C. Coll.), a form for which he pro-
posed the name P. gabbi, but does not refer to Conrad's use
of this name.

73

It appears likely, from a comparison of the figures, that
the three names, P. gabbi Conrad, P. tricarinatus Weaver,
and P. gabbi Dickerson, all denote the same thing, namely,
the Martinez form which Gabb erroneously called P. blakei.
If so. Weaver's name should take precedence.

In 1918 Clark proposed the name Pseudoperissolax for
the genus of Busycon ? blakei Conrad, and a new species
was added from the San Lorenzo, Oligocene, under the
name P. merriami Clark. As most of the various figures
and descriptions of species referred to Perissolax have been
made from fragmentary specimens, it is impossible to deter-
mine whether they all belong to the same genus or not.

31. Cominella colemani Anderson & Hanna, new species
Plate 7, figure 5; plate 9, figure 14

Shell slender and graceful, spire high, consisting of about
eight whorls, which are slightly rounded; nucleus consisting
of about two smooth and polished whorls; remainder of
spire composed of whorls having numerous rounded, slightly
oblique axial ribs extending from suture to suture; thus the
subsutural collar is beaded, and the depressed groove be-
neath it is crossed by the vertical ribs which do not, how-
ever, show on the bottom of the groove; four rounded spiral
grooves are developed on the base of the body Avhorl, while

"Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 449, etc.
"Above cit. p. 497, pi. 37, fig. 14.

72 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

on the upper part of this whorl spiral markings are to be
seen on the ridges forming impressed lines which corre-
spond in position to the major grooves below, were they
continued over the whorl; these laint lines are visible only
in oblique light; outer lip thickened within, but without teeth,
except for a conical denticle opposite the subsutural groove;
canal short and not recurved, or only slightly so. Length
20.2 mm.; diameter, 10 mm.; length of aperture, 10 mm.

Type: No. 895; paratype No. 896; Mus. Calif. Acad.
Sci.; collected by G. D. Hanna and M. A. Hanna, at Loc.
711 (C, A. S. Coll.), Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California,
June, 1921 ; Type Tejon Eocene.

This species is very distinct from all others in the west
coast Eocene deposits. The only western member of the
genus other than the two listed herein is Cominella eocenica
(Weaver), from the Cowlitz Group of southern Washing-
ton, but it seems to be hardly analogous to either of the
Type Tejon forms.

C. colemani is named in honor of Mr. Rufus A. Coleman,
of the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, who made a very consid-
erable collection of Eocene fossils at Rose Canyon, near
San Diego, California, which he presented to the California
Academy of Sciences.

32. Cominella tejonensis (Dickerson)

Molopophorus tejonensis Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5,
1915, p. 66, pi. 8, figs. 3a and 3b; Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), near
Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California.

Although this species was originally described from the
type locality of the Tejon Group it has not been included in
any of the lists of Tejon species where it should be ex-
pected. In its distinctive characters it is quite unlike Molo-
pophortis striata Gabb, which stands as the type of that
genus, and is from the same locality. This latter species
is more robust, or globose, has much stronger axial ribs,
and is without spiral sculpture. Only a few specimens of
C. tejonensis have thus far been found. The flat sided

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 73

whorls and subsutural depression leave little cause for doubt
that the species belongs in the genus Cominella.

33. Phos blakianus Anderson & Hanna, new species
Plate 8, figure 16; plate 11, figures 8, 9

(?) Hemifusus leiuisiana We.wer, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th
Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, p. 43, Type Tejon record. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 450, Type Tejon records.— Not H.
leivisensis Weaver, Wash. Geol. Surv. Bull. 15, 1912, p. 14, Nomen
nudum, and not H. lewisana Weaver, Opt. cit. p. 46, pi. 1, fig. 9, Cow-
litz Group, Little Falls, Washington.

Shell composed of about six whorls; spire conical, with
lightly impressed suture; sides of whorls slightly convex;
canal lengthened so that the shell is almost biconical; sculp-
ture consisting of 16 spiral cords on the body whorl, with
interspaces equal in width, crossed by strong lines of growth;
nuclear whorls marked by two spiral beaded lines; these
followed on the larger whorls by nodose spiral cords, the
nodes being stronger and more regular on the upper whorls;
nodes not noticably arranged in axial rows on the type, but
on the paratype they are so arranged; on the latter also
a minor thread between the cords is indicated, but is less
prominent on the type; columella bearing a plait above the
terminus of the canal; outer lip denticulated with 12 low
rounded lamella but not greatly thickened; altitude, 16.5
mm.; diameter, 8.3 mm.

Type: No. 844; paratypes, Nos. 845 and 846, Mus.
Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected at Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), near
Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California, by Bruce G. Mar-
tin; Type Tejon Eocene.

The two paratypes here figured formed the basis of the
record by Dickerson of Hemifusus lewtsiana at the type
locality of the Tejon Group, but they differ specifically from
Weaver's species; it appears also to belong to Phos, a
"cotype" having been examined in the collections of the
Academy of Sciences. It is larger and otherwise distinctly
marked.

The species is named for William P. Blake, Geologist of
the Williamson contingent of the Pacific Rail Road Survey.

74 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

34. ["Nassa cretacea" Gabb]

Nassa cretacea Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif, Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 97, 223, pi. 18,
fig. 49, near Martinez, not listed from the Tejon. — Gabb, Calif. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. Ill, 1867, p. 303.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal.
Vol. 2, 1869, p. 219, listed also from Type Tejon locality for the first time.
— Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 198.— Cooper,
Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 287.— Arnold, U. S. Geol.
Surv. Prof. Ppr. No. 47, 1906, p. 15.

There appears to be no valid basis whatever for listing
this species from the locality of the Type Tejon Group,
where it appears not to belong. It was described from the
Martinez Group, and is said to be "not rare at Bullshead
Point." From the figure and description it is not possible to
determine if it has been referred to the correct genus. The
form and sculpture contain no very distinctive features, and
it may belong to any one of two or three genera.

35. Molopophorus striata Gabb

Plate 8, figure 14

Bullia (Molopophorus) striata Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869,
pp. 157 and 219, pi. 26, fig. 36. — Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann.
Rept. 1888, p. 277.— Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. No. 47, 1906,
p. 14.

Molopophorus striata Gabb, Dall, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 59, 1909, p.
45. — DiCKERSON, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, p. 92, pi.

8, fig. 6 (given as fig. 7 in explanation), Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.),

Plesiotype, No. 325.

This distinct species was described from the type locality
of the Tejon Group, and has not been recorded as occurring
elsewhere. Dickerson's plate figure and explanation do not
agree, and on p. 67 he refers to it as occurring on Plate 8,
fig. 3c; this is an error, as no such number is found on PI. 8,
the correct figure being 6. The species does not seem to
have grown to much over six millimeters in length, and is
characterized by strong axial ribs and the absence of any
spiral sculpture. The specimen Dickerson figured is now
in the collections of the Academy of Sciences, and is from
Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Bruce G. Martin, collector.-

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 75

36. Voluta martini Dickerson

Valuta martini Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4th Scr, Vol. 5, 1915, pp.
44, 76, pi. 11, figs. 14a and 14b, Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Type
Tejon locality. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp.
421, 453, Type Tejon records.

The apex of the type specimen of this species unfortu-
nately is missing, and it is, therefore, not possible to deter-
mine positively the genus to which it properly belongs, but
it would appear that it is either Vohitilithes Swainson,
Plejona Bolten, or Fohitospiua Newton. Regarding the
former, Dall has stated'''^ that, as represented by the type,
F. muricina Lamarck, it is not found in the American Ter-
tiaries. In another paper, however, it was stated that the
genus is found in the Eocene.''^ The genus Plejona was re-
vived by DalF^ for the group typified by V. spinosa Lamarck,
but this decision has not always been accepted.'^'' Newton
proposed the name Vohitospina, with V. spinosa Lamarck,
as the type, in order to clear up the tangles of nomenclature.
It appears that the only conchological differences in these
forms lie in the nuclear whorls, and since these are lost in
the type of Dickerson's species it is perhaps best to continue
the use of the name Voluta for the present. Regarding this
genus Dall has stated''^ that the first representatives of the
group appeared in the Eocene.''^

37. ["Volutilithes n. sp." Dickerson]

Volutilithes n. sp. Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th ser. Vol. 5, 1915, p.
44, listed from Loc. 459 (U. C. Coll.), Type Tejon.

No information has been obtained regarding the above
record except what it contains in itself. In the collection
from Loc. 459 which is at the University of California we
have been unable to find a specimen belonging to the family
Volutida.

" Smith. Misc. Coll. Vol. 48, p. 354, Feb. 4, 1907.

'= Smith. Misc. Coll. Vol. SO, p. 13, Mar. 7, 1907.

" Nautilus, Vol. 19, 1906, p. 143.

" R. Bullen-Newton, Proc. Mai. Soc. London, Vol. 7, 1906, pp. 100-103.
Burnett Smith, Nautilus, Vol. 20, 1907, pp. 129-131.

'8 Smith. Misc. Coll. Vol. 47, 1907, p. 345.

" Above cit. Vol. 50, 1907, p. 13, it is listed first in the Miocene.

7^ CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

38. Mitra alizalis Anderson & Hanna, new species

Valuta sp. DiCKERSON, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 44,
76, pi. 11, fig. 15, Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.) Live Oak Creek, Kern
County, Calif. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p.
421, Type Tejon record.

Whorls five, rounded, suture impressed; upper two whorls
smooth, the remainder corrugated with rounded axial ribs,
of which the last v/horl bears 23 extending from the suture
in a sinuous course; spiral channels about as far apart as the
ribs on that part of the body whorl opposite the columellar
plaits; columella bearing four high spiral plaits, only the
upper three of which are preserved on the type specimen;
the elongated columella shown in Dickerson's figure does not
appear in the specimen; altitude, 4.7 mm.; diameter, 3.1 mm.

Type: No. 361, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected at
Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Live Oak Creek, Kern County,
California, by Bruce G. Martin; Type Tejon Eocene.

This very distinct species has a more elongated analogue
in the Eocene of the Paris Basin, in the M. crebricosta of
Lamarck, figured by Cossman and Pissarro.^° The type
specimen is the only one found, and the canal has been lost
so that the true length cannot be given accurately.

39. Mitra murietta Anderson & Hanna, new species
Plate 8, figures 12, 13

Mitra simplicissima Cooper, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen,
Vol. 5, 1915, p. 43, Type Tejon record. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ.
Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 426, 427, 439, Type Tejon records.

Not Mitra simplicissima, Cooper, Calif. State Min. Bun Bull. No. 4 1894,
p. 45, pi. 2, fig. 41, Rose Canyon, San Diego County, Cal. — Dickerson,
first citation above, pi. 11, fig. 12, also Rose Canyon, San Diego County,
California.

Shell short, stout, body whorl inflated; consisting of six
convex whorls; spire moderate in height, with apical angle of
40" to 45°; suture deeply impressed; body whorl having an
obtuse angulation above, producing a shoulder; canal of

8» Icon. Eocene, Vol. 2, 1913, pi. 41, fig. 202-S.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 77

medium length, slightly recurved; except for some exceed-
ingly faint striations on the outer part of the canal, the sur-
face is marked only by lines of growth; four strong plications
en the columella; outer lip not thickened. Altitude 14.2
mm.; diameter 7.3 mm. Original altitude of type about
17 mm.

Type: No. 834; paratype, No. 835, Mus. Calif. Acad.
Sci. ; collected at Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), Grapevine Creek,
Kern County, California, by Bruce G. Martin; Type Tejon
Eocene.

The short spire, relatively wide apical angle, angulated
body whorl and recurved canal serve to distinguish this
species from M. simpUcissima Cooper. Besides the two
examples of M. miirietta mentioned in the description, six
others are in the collections of the Academy of Sciences from
the type locality, all of which lack the characteristic features
of Cooper's species, as figured and described by Cooper and
Dickerson.

The species is named for Joaquin Murietta, a famous
bandit who terrorized the caravans of the Tejon region and
the San Joaquin Valley in pioneer days. (See Pac. R. R.
Repts. Vol. 5, 1857, p. 192.)

40. Mitra slevini (Dickerson)

Valuta slevini Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, pp.
34, 44, 75, pi. 11, fig. 16, Loc. 244 (C. A, S. Coll.), Live Oak Creek,
Kern County, California, Type Tejon locality. — Dickerson^ Univ.
Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 453, Type Tejon records.

A glance at Dickerson's figure of this species is sufficient
to show that it does not belong to the genus Voluta. Dick-
erson himself seems to have recognized this fact, since in
preparing his table of contents, (p. 34, first reference
above) the species is given as "Mitra slevini", but he neg-
lected to m.ake the change in the text. The species is
strongly cancellated, not differing greatly from several liv-

7g CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

ing representatives of the genus. Only one specimen, the
type, has thus far been found. The species was named for
Joseph R. Slevin, of the California Academy of Sciences.

41. Mitra uvasana Dickerson
Plate 10, figure 6

Mitra uvasana Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, pp.
44, 75, 98, pi. 11, figs. 13a and 13b, Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), Type
Tejon Group. [Loc. 244, given with the figures is erroneous.] — Dick-
erson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 439, 450, Type
Tejon records.

This fine species is not common in the strata of the Tejon
Group at the type locality, and only a few specimens have
been found there. The specimens figured by Dickerson are
defective, and a much better one is given herewith for a more
complete representation of the species. It was found at
Loc. 711 (C. A. S. Coll.) in Grapevine Canyon, and meas-
ures as follows: altitude, 40 mm.; diameter, 13.9 mm.

42. Marginella adumbrata Anderson & Hanna, new species
Plate 9, figure 2; plate 15, figure 6

Shell small but robust; spire short, suture line not im-
pressed; whorls about three, with nucleus round and bead-
like; aperture with five heavy plications on the lower col-
umellar wall; canal area bounded by a raised line on the
outside of the shell marking the progressive growth; color
pattern preserved on the type, and consisting of parallel,
zigzag, axial lines which make sharp angles; outer lip on
the type broken away, not showing terminal edge. Altitude,
4.3 mm.; diameter, 2.2 mm.

Type: No. 968, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci. ; collected by G. D.
Hanna and M. A. Hanna at Loc. 711 (C. A. S. Coll.) in
Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California, June, 1921 ; Type
Tejon Eocene.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEION EOCENE 79

The type specimen of this minute species Is unique, and
thus far is the only high spired representative of the genus
found in the fauna of the Type Tejon Group. The color
markings are such as are sometimes seen on certain mem-
bers of this genus as well as on species of Olivella, but the
plications of the columella are diagnostic. The specimen
was embedded in excessively hard, fine grained sandstone
which accounts for the remarkable state of preservation.

43. Marginella multifilosa Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 7, figures 2, 3

Shell small, robust, spire short, rounded and covered with
a glossy and shining testaceous deposit which obscures the
suture; apical angle 117°; basal angle, 54°; surface marked
by numerous axial lines which appear to be remnants of an
original color scheme prior to the deposit of the outer cov-
ering; aperture narrowly elongate; outer lip thickened with-
out and within, and having ten rounded tubercle-like teeth
on the lower part of the inner surface; canal large and deep;
parietal wall bearing six plications entering the aperture,
the upper one being smaller, and the lower larger, than the
others, the latter continuous outside of the aperture for a
short distance around the edge of the canal; an area on the
upper part of the parietal wall heavily covered by a callous
deposit; between the second and third plications from the
canal, a constriction of the shell makes the outline angularly
concave at this point; length, 2.7 mm.; diameter, 1.9 mm.

Type: No. 456; paratype No. 957, Mus. Calif. Acad.
Sci.; collected by G. D. Hanna and M. A. Hanna at Loc.
711 (C. A. S. Coll.), Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California,
June, 1921 ; Type Tejon Eocene.

The foregoing is a description of the type specimen.
Among a series of 15 individuals very little variation was
displayed, except by the one selected for the paratype; it
has a somewhat higher spire, and a less pronounced con-
striction at the base of the shell, but these differences do not
seem to warrant specific separation at present. The species
is abundant in some of the harder layers of sandstone.

gQ CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

44. Olivella mathewsonii Gabb

Plate 8, figure 19

Olivella mathe^vsonii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 100, pi.
18, fig. 53; described as coming from "northeast of Martinez," but
recorded also from Alizos Creek, near Fort Tejon. — Gabb, Calif.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. Ill, 1867, p. 303.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif.
Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 220; some additional localities given. — Heilprin,
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 198.— Cooper, Calif. St.
Min. 7th. Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 289. — ^ Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof.
Ppr. No. 47, 1906, p. 15.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 7,
1913, p. 264.— Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915,
pp. 44, 50, 51.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp.
421, 439, 451.

Ancillaria elongata Gabb, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Set., Vol.
5, 1915, p. 43, listed from Tejon localities. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 426, 432, 438, and 448, Type Tejon
records.— Not of Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 100, pi.
18, fig. 54, from San Diego.

Although Gabb mentioned Martinez first in his list of
localities for this species, his figure and description of it
agree so exactly with some of the specimens from the locality
of the Tejon section that we are inclined to believe that his
type was actually selected from material brought from
Alizos Creek, near Fort Tejon, where he said the species
was very abundant.

Length and diameter vary somewhat, and Gabb seems to
have figured an immature specimen. Measuremients of six
individuals give an average altitude of 15.6 mm., and a
diameter of 6.1 mm. while Gabb's type was only 9 mm.
long, and less than 3 mm. in diameter. Except for its small
size this species might well be placed in the genus Oliva^
some modern forms of which it much resembles.

Dickerson reported Ancillaria elongata from the locality
of the Type Tejon in all of his more complete lists, but all
the specimens so labelled by him in the collections of the
Academy of Sciences are indistinguishable from O. mathew-
sonii Gabb. The San Diego form is longer and more slender,
has the suture line completely covered by shell substance,
and has a narrower aperture. Through the courtesy of

March 18, 192S

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE gl

Marcus A. Hanna many well preserved specimens from the
type locality at San Diego were sent to us for comparison
with the Tejon forms. No species of Ancillarta has been
collecteci at the locaHty of the Type Tejon, so far as known
to us.

45. Cancellaria paucivaricata (Gabb)

Plate 8, figures 3, 4

Tritonium paucivarkatum Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 95
and 223, pi. 28, figs. 209 and 209a ; described from Alizos Creek, near
Fort Tejon.— Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 303.—
Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 218.— Heilprin, Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, pp. 198, 213.=CaKfW/flrr'a.— Cooper,
Calif. St. Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 294.— Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv.
Prof. Ppr. No. 47, 1906, p. 15.

Cancellaria stantoni Dickerson, Calif Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th ser.. Vol. 5, 1915,
pp. 43, 49, 51; Type Tejon records; listed from Locs. 244 and 245 (C.
A. S. Coll.), and from Locs. 452 and 458 (U. C. Coll.).— Dickerson,
Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 426, 427, 432, 438, and
448; all Type Tejon records; Not p. 510, pi. 39, fig. 9, from Loc, 2225
(U. C. Coll.), north of Oroville, California.

Not Cancellaria stantoni Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 7, 1913,
p. 282, pi. 12, figs. 2a and 2b, locality 1853 (U. C. Coll.), Marj-sville
Buttes, Sutter County, California.

Cancellaria marysvillensis Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916,
p. 442; Type Tejon record; nomen nudum.

This species is very common in the collections made at
Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.), in Live Oak Canyon, by Bruce
G. Martin. Gabb's reference of it to the genus Tritonium
is not surprising in view of the hard character of the matrix
rock. Dickerson followed Heilprin correctly in referring it
to Cancellaria, though we cannot agree that it is identical
with the species listed and described by the former from
Table Mountain and Marysville Buttes as C. stantoni. If
this were true then Gabb's name would have precedence.
The name listed by Dickerson, C. marysvillensis, is a nomen
midtim.

09 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

46. Terebra californica Gabb
Plate 8, figure 18

Terebra californica Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, pp. 162, 223,
pi. 27, fig. 41, Tejon Group, Martinez.— Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 211.— Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc.
4th ser. Vol. 5, 1915, p. 44, Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Type Tejon
record.— DlCKERSON, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 427,
434, 453, Type Tejon records.

This species was said to have been described from the
Tejon Group at Martinez, and was not listed from the
Type Tejon locality until 1915. The specimens found in the
collections of the Academy, labelled ''Terebra californica",
by Dickerson, from Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.) prove to be-
long to another genus (see TiirhoniUa gesteri) and we
have seen but one specimen of the species, from the type
locality of the Tejon Group. It came from Grapevine Creek,
Loc. 711 (C. A. S. Coll.). Except for the slightly greater
obliquity of the axial ribs the specimen does not seem to
differ in any way from Gabb's figure; the form and number
of whorls are the same; apical angle 10°; sides of spire
straight; spiral sculpture absent; sub-sutural depression dis-
tinct, forming a sort of collar, as Gabb's showed; shell
slightly longer than that of Gabb.

Surcula H. and A. Adanis

This genus-name has long been used in west American
paleontology for certain species which were formerly re-
ferred to Pleiirotoma or other names. The orginal use of
Siircula^^ was to replace Tiirricula Schumacher^^ in the belief
that this was preoccupied by a non-binomial writer, Klein.
It has recently been shown by Iredale^-^ that this action was
unwarranted and Schumacher's name must stand. Tiirricula
was based upon figures of Murex tornatus Dillwyn^'* which
show a shell of usual Surctila-Pleurotoma shape but without
nodes, beads or spines. Surcula, on the other hand, has a

81 H. & A. Adams, Gen. Rec. Moll. Vol. 1. 1853, p. 88.
«2Essai Nouv. Syst. Vers. Test. 1817, p. 217.
8' Proc. Malac. Soc. London, Vol. 12, 1917, p. 324.
"Chemnitz, Conch. Cab. Vol. 4, pi. 143, figs. 1337, 1338.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TETON EOCENE 33

nodose species, Mitrex javanus Linnaeus as type. It has been
claimed that both species are congeneric and the name Sur-
ciila must be relegated to a rank of no greater importance
than a minor section of Turricida. This action has already
been taken by such well known authorities as Iredale, Dall^^
and Hedley.^^

Nevertheless, v/e have continued to use the name Surcula
In its usual generic sense although it seems likely that it will
soon be entirely displaced. Our reason for so doing has been
the fact that the Eocene strata of western America contain
a group of species which have been referred to Surcula in
the past for want of a better place to put them. These are
represented by such as Surcula io (Gabb). They obviously
do not belong to the same genus as Surcula cohni Dickerson,
for instance. Gabb stated in 1876^'' that there was no suit-
able name for the group but it seems unlikely that this has
remained true to the present timiC. It would seem that some
investigator would have discovered the distinctness of the
group and named it but if so we have been unable to discover
the name. We do not wish to transfer these species to
Turricula where they obviously do not belong, nor do w^e
wish to give them a nev/ generic name until we have deter-
mined that there Is not already one available for them; to
do this will require considerably more time for consultation
of literature than Is at present available. Therefore the
name Surcula has been retained herein and Is used in a
broader sense than is usual in m.odern nomenclature. It is
noted that Pilsbry has likewise retained the name in a late
monograph on Santo Domingo fossils. ^^

It is possible that Conrad's name, SurcuUtes, might be
used, at least for the Tejon species, sinuata. The name was
based upon S. arinosa^'^ from the Eocene of Shark River,
New Jersey. Dall^° has stated that the shell is a doubtful
one and many of the essential characters remain unknown.
Whitfield refigured the type of S. annosa and described two

8'U. S. Nat. Mus. Proc. Vol. 54, 1919, pp. 315, 316, 332.

« Records Aust. Mus. Vol. 13, No. 6, 1922, p. 253.

"Acad. Nat. Set. Phil. Proc. 1876, p. 280.

s«Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. 1922, p. 317.

»»Amer. Journ. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p. 213, pi. 20, fig. 9.

»»U. S. Nat. Mus. Proc. 1919, Vol. 54, p. 332.

OA CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papbrs.

additional species, all under Surctilites used as a genus; but
he stated that there was little to distinguish them from
Surctda proper.^^

47. Surcula cohni Dickerson
Plate 10, figures 12, 13, 14; Plate 11, figures 3, 4

Su{r'\cula (Typ. err.) cohni, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol.
5, p. 70, pi. 10, fig. 1, Loc. 245 (C, A. S. Coll.). See references under
S. coiuHtzensis Weaver.

This species is abundant at its type locality, and attains a
larger size than Dickerson's type specimen. The most per-
fect specimen measures 38.4 mm. in altitude after having
lost the apex and the tip of the canal. Another specimen
when complete must have been considerably larger. Dicker-
son's type specimen is pathologic and defective, having been
broken and mended by the animal. Better specimens from
the same locality are here figured for further illustration
of the characters of the species.

This species is closely related to S. cowUtzensis Weaver,
but with a good series of both forms at hand it is not diffi-
cult to find differences sufficient for specific discrimination.
In S. cohni the apical angle is about 27°, and the number
of nodes on a complete whorl is 16. In the Cowlitz species
the apical angle is 2)S'^, and the number of peripheral nodes
is only 12. There are also differences in the finer sculpture
of the latter form, both above and below the angle. The
body whorl of the Type Tejon specimens is more inflated
and longer below the line of nodes than in the Cowlitz
specimens. On the other hand there is a tendency in both,
as specimens reach maturity, for the nodes to assume an
oblique, receding direction, parallel to the lines of growth.
The form, the sinuous growth lines and corrugated char-
acter of the shell place cohni in the genus Surcula, the type
of which appears to be Murex javanus LinnjEUs.'^ As pre-
viously stated the genus-name will probably be displaced.

"U. S. Geol. Surv. Monog. 18, 1892, p. 218, etc.

" Tryon, Man. Conch. Vol. 6, 1884, p. 237, pi. 5, figs. 63-65.— Dall, U. S. Nat.
Mus. Proc. Vol. 54, 1919, pp. 315, 332.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 35

48. [Surcula cowlitzensis Weaver]

Surcula coivlitzensis Weaver, Wash. Geol. Surv. Bull. IS, 1912, p. 57, pi. 3,
figs. 30 and 36, pi. 11, fig. 86; Cowlitz River, Vader, Washington;
Eocene. — Not S. cowlitzensis Weaver, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc
4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 44, 50, 51, Type Tejon records ;=? S. cohni
Dickerson. Not S. co=wlitzensis, Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Gaol. Vol.
9, 1916, pp. 421, 439, 452, Type Tejon records; — ? S. cohni Dickerson.

Although Dickerson stated that this species "is abundant
in Washington and at the type locaHty of the Tejon," only
one specimen has been found by us in the collections from
any place within the locality of the Type Tejon Group
which approaches it closely. This one agrees in some
respects with Cowlitz fossils and was found at Loc. 244
(C. A. S. Coll.). The close relationship between several
species from the type locality of the Tejon and their ana-
logues in the Cowlitz Group at Vader, Washington, is well
illustrated in the Turritidse. This relationship rarely amounts
to identity of species, or even a close approach to inter-
gradation. A superficial inspection of these analgous species
has often led to their confusion and to their determination as
being identical. In this case it appears that the specimen in
question is only a variation of Surcula cohni; it is figured
on plate 11, figure 3.

49. Surcula coaequalis Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 11, figure 2

? Drillia ullreyana Cooper, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th ser. Vol.
5, 1915, p. 43.— Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 449, 512.
Type Tejon records. — Not D. ullreyana Cooper, Calif. St. MIn. Bur.
Bull. 4, p. 41, pi. 2, figs. 25, 26, 1894; described from Marysville Buttes.

Shell fusiform, turrited, spire high, apical angle about
32°; last whorl with eleven axially lengthened nodes, extend-
ing up from the suture nearly to that on the whorl above;
upper half of each whorl slightly concave, lower half con-
vex; the former sculptured only with distinct lines of growth,
the latter with five heavy spiral threads with finer lines be-
tween; lines of growth deeply sinuous and rough, even on
the parts containing the spiral sculpture.

Type: No. 866, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected at Loc.
245 (C. A. S. Coll.), Grapevme Creek, Kern County, California,
by Bruce G. Martin; Type Tejon Eocene.

g^ CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

In size and general form this species is similar to S. cow-
litzensis (Weaver), but it is more symmetrical, lacks spiral
sculpture on the upper slope of the whorl, the nodes are
more lengthened axially, and are not inclined on the body
whorl, as in Weaver's species. The canal of the type speci-
men is not complete. This species differs from S. cohni
Dickerson in the less elongated body whorl, and in the above
mentioned features which distinguish it from S. cowUtzensis
(Weaver).

Dickerson's records of D. ullreyana from the Type Tejon
are based, so far as we have been able to determine, upon
four specimens from Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.). Two of
these are very young and the others mere fragments but
they appear to be the same as has been described above as
S. cocequaUs. We have compared them with Cooper's orig-
inal specimens (No. 11, C. A. S. Type Coll.) of ullreyana,
the spiral lines of which have a characteristic wave, not pos-
sessed by any we have seen from the Type Tejon.

50. Surcula uvasana Dickerson

Surcula uvasana Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 191b, p.
71, pi. 10, fig. 10, Locality 458 (U, C. Coll.). Type Tejon Eocene.

(?) Turris wvasana Dickerson, same Vol. p. 44, listed from Loc. 245 (C. A.

S. Coll.), and from Logs. 451 and 452 (U. C. Coll.). — T. wvasana

Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, (listed as n.
sp.), and 453, Tj'pe Tejon records.

Surcula uvasensis, Zool. Record, 1915, Moll. p. 28.

This species was described from the type locality of the
Tejon and listed as one of the species of this horizon by
the author. The name appeared in all of his formal lists as
"Tiirris uvasana" and it is not possible to determine from
the context if the two names are intended to apply to the
same species but that interpretation is made herein.

Surcula uvasana seems to be a rare form, since we have
failed to detect it in any of the collections from this locality,
the type being thus far the only specimen of the species we
have seen. It is said to have come from near the base of
the formation, or "about 400 feet (stratigraphic) above the
"Basement-Complex-Tejon-Contact",

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJGN EOCENE gy

51. [Surcula fresnoensis (Arnold)]

Turris fresnoensis (Arnold), Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9,
1916, p. 439, Type Tejon record.

Not Pleurotoma fresnoensis Arnold^ U. S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 396, 1909, p. 53,
pi. 4, fig. 23, from 15 miles north of Coalinga, California.

We have no means of determining the species upon which
Dickerson based his record of fresnoensis at the type locahty
of the Tejon Group. Surcula co^qualis resembles Arnold's
figure and description, but it has more nodes on the body
vvhorl, and no spiral striations on the shoulder above the
node line. But as Dickerson has not included 5. fresnoensis
m any of his formal lists of Type Tejon species it must be
assumed that his record, given above, was an error.

52. [Surcula gesteri Dickerson]

Surcula gesteri Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Gecl. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 499, pi.
42, fig. 4, locality 672 (U. C. Coll.), Parson's Peak, north of Coal-
inga, California; not p. 516, Type Tejon record.

This species was listed from the type locality of the Tejon
by its author, (above citation p. 516,) who stated that "it
occurs at the type locality of the Tejon group and in the
Cowlitz phase of the Washington Tejon". After searching
the collections of the University of California and the Cali-
fornia Academy of Sciences for specimens of it from either
place we are at a loss to know upon what the statement
was based. No specimens from either locality among the
collections examined have been labelled by Dickerson as
S. gesteri, nor have we found any that should be so labelled.
Neither does Dickerson give it in his formal list of Type
Tejon species on page 421, although he seems to have indi-
cated it on page 434. In view of such evidence it appears
necessary for us to omit the form from a list of the valid
species of the Type Tejon until further evidence proves its
occurrence there.

go CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

53. [Surcula claytonensis (Gabb)]

Turris claytonensis Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 92, pi. 18,
fig. 46, Clayton, California; not listed from the type locality of the
Tejon Group.— Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 303.
— Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 197.

Surcula claytonensis Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 217,
listed from the locality of the Type Tejon as well as Clayton. — Cooper,
Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 292, Type Tejon record.—
Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. No, 47, 1906, p. IS, Type Tejon
record.

All of the records of this species from the Type Tejon
Group are based upon the statement by Gabb. Since the
species was not found there by Dickerson, and is absent
from all of his lists of Tejon species, and has not been found
in any of the collections from this locality by ourselves, it is
excluded from the list of authentic species from there.

54. Surcula io (Gabb)

Plate 10, figure 11

? Fasciolaria io Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 101, 224, pi.
28, fig. 214.— Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 303.—
Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 220.— Heilprin, Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 198.— Cooper, Calif. State Min.
7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 281. — Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. No.
47, 1906, p. IS.

Surcula (Surculites) io Gabb, Acad. Nat Sci. Phila. Proc. 1876, p. 280.
Stated that generic relationship is doubtful and that there is no name for
the group.

Surcula io (Gabb), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 191S,
p. 44^ Type Tejon record; not p. 72, pi. 10, fig. 11, which is Surcula
alizensis, new species, — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9,
1916, pp. 421, 427, 452, Type Tejon records.

Gabb described this species from the type locality of the
Tejon Group, and it properly forms a part of the fauna of
the same. But in the collections studied we have found only
one specimen which we can satisfactorily identify with his
figure and description, and that is the one here figured on
plate 10. The nearest approach to the S. io of Gabb is the
form described herein as S. ioformis, apparently a new
species.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPB TEJON EOCENE 39

55. Surcula ioformis Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 12, figures 3, 7

Bursa washing toniana (Weaver), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. ScL Proc. 4th
Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 49, 51, and pi. 7, fig. 4; not fig. 6.

Not Ranella luashingtoniana Weaver, Wash. Geol. Surv. Bull. 15, 1912, p.
41, pi. 2, fig. 14;

Shell robust, spire high, turrited, consisting of about eight
whorls when complete, though the type has only two and a
half entire whorls preserved; apical angle 46°; last whorl
with 11 nodes, or blunt spines, which are somewhat flat-
tened axially, producing ridges below the angle; shoulder
concave, and upper slope rising in a thick collar on the pre-
ceding whorl; upper slope sculptured with 13 spiral threads,
slightly heavier than the growth lines which cross them;
canal slightly recurved; columella calloused. Altitude, 43.5
mm.; originally about 50 mm.; diameter, 21.3 mm.

Type: No. 311; paratype. No. 865, Mus. Calif. Acad.
Sci. ; collected at Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), Grapevine Creek,
Kern County, California, by Bruce G. Martin; Type Tejon
Eocene.

The specimen selected for the type of this species is the
same as that figured by Dickerson as Bursa washingtoniana
(Weaver) cited above. It has no varices, and, therefore,
does not belong to the family Bursidae. The species has
a near relationship to Surcula io (Gabb), which is figured
for comparison. In the new species the sculpture is much
coarser, the nodes much larger and differently formed, and
the upper slope is less uniform.

56. Surcula alizensis Anderson & Hanna, new species
Plate 12, figures 2, 3, 4

Surcula io (Gabb), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5,

1915, p. 72, pi. 10, fig. 11. Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.)
Not Fasciolaria io Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 101, pi. 28,

fig. 214, etc.

Shell bi-conical, outline rhomboidal with the left side of
the spire nearly parallel with the lower outer margin of the
aperture ; apical angle about 47° ; last whorl with 1 1 rounded

90 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

conical nodes; upper slope slightly concave near the suture,
but elsewhere straight; sculptured with rugose, deeply sinu-
ous growth lines crossed by minute spiral lines; lower part
of body whorl bearing coarse spiral threads about two mm.
apart, and having a single finer thread between each of the
former; these are also crossed by heavier growth lines; alti-
tude of type, 36 mm.; diameter 24 mm.; both apex and
canal are missing on the type, but the apex is shown on the
paratype, fig. 3.

Type: No. 344, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected at Loc.
244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Live Oak Creek, formerly known as
Canada de los Alizos, Kern County, California, by Bruce G.
Martin; paratype No. 858, was obtained from Loc. 245
(C. A. S. Coll.), Grapevine Creek, Kern County, Cali-
fornia ; Type Tejon Eocene.

This species is closely related to Surcida to (Gabb), and
is about the same size and form, but the suture line is so
high on the preceding whorl that it is made sinuous by the
nodes; moreover, on Gabb's species the upper slope is sculp-
tured by spiral lines as heavy or heavier than the growth
lines, while on this they are very minute, or absent.

57. Surcula sinuata Gabb
Plate 12, figure 5

Conus sinuaius Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 123, 226, pi.

29, fig. 227, near Fort Tejon, Tejon Group. — Gabb, Calif. Acad.

Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 303.— Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila,

Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 198.
Surcula (Surculites) sinuata Gabb^ Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p.

150, pi. 26, fig. 28— Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p.

292.— Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. No. 47, 1906, p. 15.— Dic:<-

ERSON, Univ. Calif. Puhl. Geol. Vol. 7, 1913, p. 264.— Dickerson, Calif.

Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 44 and 70, pi. 10, figs. 2a, 2b,

and 2c, Loc. 458 (U. C. Coll.)— Dickerson, Univ. Calif.. Publ. Geol.
• Vol. IX, 1916, pp. 421, 433, 439, 442, and 452.

This species was originally described from specimens col-
lected at the type locality of the Tejon Group where it
occurs frequently. It is a rather large robust species with
fine spiral sculpture on the upper surface of the whorls, and
much coarser threads on the lower part of the body whorl.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE <)\

Nodes are present in the younger stages, but are not promi-
nent on full grown shells. In this character we have a well
marked group into which the species falls, as pointed out
by Gabb. SiircuUtes was given by Conrad as a sub-genus of
Surciila.^^

58. [Surcula washingtoniana (Weaver)]

Fasciolaria 'washingtoniana Weaver, Wash. Geol. Surv. Bull. 15, 1912, p.

52, pi. 1, fig. 5 ; Cowlitz River Eocene, Vader, Washington.
Not Surcula luashingtoniana (Weaver), Dicicersok, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc.

4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 44, 50, 51, Type Tejon records.— Dickerson,

Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421 and 452, Type Tejon

records.

In his first paper cited above, Dickerson figured a speci-
men which he called Surcula 'vcashingtoniana (Weaver),
from the Cowlitz Group; (p. 72, pi. 10, figs. 7a, 7b) this
was called a "cotype", and is now preserved in the Calif.
Acad. Sci. collections as No. 341. A search through Weav-
er's publications discloses the species reviewed here, vv'hich
can be clearly identified with Dickerson's figure, and this
gave the clue for co-ordination of the two names. Both
authors' specimens are from the Cowlitz Group of Washing-
ton, near Vader. The often repeated specific name, ivash-
ingtoniana, for nearly related forms has proved very con-
fusing. Weaver used it with Fasciolaria, Fiisus, Pleitro-
toma, Hemifusus, and Turris.

The nearest ally of Weaver's species in the type locality
of the Tejon Group is Gabb's so-called "Fasciolaria io" , of
v.'hich he questioned the genus.

59. ["Turris sp. Turris n. sp." Dickerson]

Turris sp., Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci., Proc. 5th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, p. 44,
listed from Loc. 458 (U. C. Coll.).— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Pub!.
Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 421.

Turris n. sp., Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th ser.. Vol. 5, pp. 44, 50,
51; Type Tejon records; not p. 96, pi. 10, fig. 5,

Although records of this sort are of no value in faunal
lists, since subsequent students find it impossible to determine

"'Am. Jour. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p. 213, pi. 20, fig. 9.

92 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

what species the author had in view, yet there is ground for
believino: that the last citation above was intended as a
record of what was afterward named ^^Turris stocki" by
Dickerson. At any rate the specimen which was figured
by him on pi. 10, fig. 5, from the CoAvlitz group of Vader,
Washington, was so-labelled in the collection. A comparison
of the figure of the Cowlitz species with the figure and type
of "T. stocki" affords convincing evidence that the two are
distinct, and in fact they do not belong to the same genus.

60. Gemmula abacta Anderson & Hanna, new species
Plate 7, figures 6, 7; plate 8, figure 11

Drill'ia rartcostata (Gabb), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol.

5, 1915, p. 43, Type Tejon record. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geo!.

Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 449, Type Tejon records.
Not Turris varicostata [Typ. err.] Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864,

p. 93, pi. 18, fig. 47; near Clayton, Contra Costa County, above the

coal. (In Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 217, this species bears the name of Sur-

cula raricostata.)

Tutris stocki Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 434,
453 ; Type Tejon records; not p. 499, pi. 42, fig. 5, Loc. 672 (U. C. Coll.),
north of Coalinga, California.

Shell turrited, composed of about eight whorls, the upper
four smooth, or marked by axial growth lines without beads;
remaining whorls having a spiral line of rounded beads on
the periphery, marking the progressive location of the anal
fasciole, where the growth lines are deeply sinuous; para-
type No. 962 has 17 of these beads on the body whorl;
above and below the bead lines are concave zones which
are unmarked above the last whorl, except by faint spiral
threads and growth lines; on the last whorl these zones
may, or may not bear one or more spiral threads; suture
deeply impressed, and bordered below by a spiral cord;
below the bead line on the body whorl are five or six distant,
strong spiral threads; canal straight but not long; altitude
of type specimen 8 mm., original length about 10 mm.;
diameter about 3.9 mm. Altitude of largest paratype 7 mm.;
diameter, 2.8 mm.

Type: No. 826; paratypes, Nos. 962, 963, Mus. Cahf.
Acad. Sci., collected at Loc. 711 (C. A. S. Coll.), Grapevine

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 93

Creek, Kern County, California, by G. D. Hanna and M. A.
Hanna ; Type Tejon Eocene.

This species dilTers from G. encinalis, an associated form,
in the rounded, instead of elongated beads, and in the fewer
spiral threads on the body whorl. It differs, on the other
hand, from G. stocki (Dickerson), and from G. wattsi, n. n.,
in its fewer spiral threads on the body whorl, and in its fewer
beads. It appears to be, however, more closely related to
G. stocki than to any other species, and, while Dickerson
may have had this form in view when he recorded "Turris
stocki" as occurring in the Type Tejon section, we believe,
rather, that his record of D. raricostata in the fauna of this
group was so based, since four specimens from Loc. 245
(C. A. S. Coll.), bearing this latter name in his handwriting,
evidently belong to G. abacta.

61. Gemmula encinalis Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 8, figure 10

Turris monolifera (Cooper) Dickersok^ Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser.,
Vol. 5, 1915, p. 44, Type Tejon records, Loc. 451, (U. C. Coll.); not
p. 96, pi, 10, figs. 6 and 9, Cowlitz Group, Vader, Washington. —
Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 427, 453,
Type Tejon records; not p. 514, pi. 41, figs. 3a and 3b, near Oroville,
California, which appear to be near but not the same as Gemmula luattsi,
new name.

Not Surcula monilifera Cooper, Calif. State Min. Bull. No. 4, 1894, p. 39, pi.
2, figs. 28 and 29, Marysville Buttes, Sutter County, California.

Not Surcula monilifera Melleville, Cossman & PissARO, Icon. Comp. Eocene,
Paris, pi. 50, figs. 223 bis 5, 1907-1913. (Ann. d. Soc. Geol. 1847, p.
65, pi. 8, figs. 21-23.)

Not Pleurotoma monilifera Pease, Zool. Soc. Lond. Proc. 1860, p. 398. —
Pease, Am. Jour. Conch. Vol. 5, 1870, p. 68. — Tryon, Man. Conch. Vol.
6, p. 358, 1884, a species which Hedley has placed in the genus Gem-
mula. (Rec. Aust. Mus. Vol. 13, 1922, p. 218.)

Shell turrited, with five whorls remaining intact in the
type; 15 nodes, or slightly elongated beads around the peri-
phery of the body whorl; above this row of nodes there is a
concave tabulation, and between this and the suture a double
spiral thread, beaded in accordance with the ornamentation
of the periphery of the whorl; body whorl marked by 12
strong spiral threads below the keel; canal not complete, but

QA CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

evidently short and straight; lines of growth deeply sinuous
at the bead line. Altitude, 10.2 mm.; diameter, 4.4 mm.;
apical angle 30°.

Type: No. 825, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected at Loc.
245 (C. A. S. Coll.), Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California,
by Bruce G. Martin; Type Tejon Eocene.

This species was identified by Dickerson as Surcttla moni-
lifera, (now G. wattsi n. n.), but the name was constantly
misspelled. It differs from Cooper's species in several im-
portant characters; his two cotypes, (No. 17, C. A. S. Coll.),
from Marysville Buttes contain 30 beads on the periphery
of the body whorl; more than 30 spiral threads below this
line of nodes; the tabulated shoulder above the nodes is not
concave, but flat, containing seven raised spiral threads, (in
G. encinalis the same area is sculptured by two spiral chan-
nels impressed in the shell) ; the ridge between the tabulation
and the suture is imperfectly nodose.

62. [Gemmula wattsi Anderson & Hanna, new name]

Surcula monilifera Cooper, Calif. State Min. Bull. No. 4, 1894, pp. 39-40,
pi. 2, figs. 28 and 29. Locality, Marysville Buttes, Sutter County,
California.

Not Turris monilifera Pease, Zool. Soc. Lond. Proc. 1860, p, 398.

Not Pleurotoma monilifera Pease, Am. Jour. Conch. Vol. 5, 1870, p. 68. —
Tryon, Man. Conch. Vol. 6, 1884, p. 358.

Turris monolifera (Cooper), Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Vol. 7, 1913, p.
275, pi. 11, figs, la and lb, Marysville Buttes, Sutter County, California.
— Not Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915,
pi. 10, figs. 6 and 9, Cowlitz Group, Washington.— Not Dickerson,
Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pi. 41, figs. 3a and 3b.

Turris inconstans (Cooper), Dickerson, same plate, (Op. cit.) fig. 2, north
of Oroville, California.

The name applied to this species by Cooper had already
been used by Pease for a recent species from the Hawaiian
Islands which is probably congeneric. Although Dickerson
listed the Marysville Buttes species from the locality of the
Type Tejon Group,^'* the specimens upon which the identifi-
cation was made differ so much that we have considered them

»<Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 453.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 95

as belonging to a distinct species, G. encinalis. Dickerson's
figure of T. tnconstans (Cooper), was evidently made from
a large specimen of the species here referred to G. wattsi.

The reference of these species to the genus Gemmida is
in accord with the latest revision of the Turritidee by Dr.
Dall.^^ The type of the genus is Pleurotoma gemmata
Reeve.^^

The type specimens of G. wattsi are from Marysville
Buttes and were obtained there by Mr. W. L. Watts, of Los
Angeles, in whose honor the species is named.

63. Mangilia fibrata Anderson & Hanna, new species
Plate 14-, figure 7; plate 15, figure 7

Shell small, but long and slender, with tapering spire com-
posed of seven slightly rounded whorls; the upper two
whorls smooth; suture but little impressed; body whorl with
nine vertical, rounded ribs, extending from the sutural band
to slightly below the periphery on the body whorl; body
whorl with ten spiral threads, one above the anal fasciole,
and nine below it; tvv^o small spiral threads occur on the
zone just below the sutural cord, with a single one between
each two of the others-, except the second and third, count-
ing from above; lines of growth rather coarse and deeply
sinuous; columella with the lowermost external threads ex-
tending within as low plaits; outer lip of type slightly
broken, but apparently somewhat thickened, and bearing a
single denticle at the lower boundary of the anal sulcus; alti-
tude of type 7.6 mm.; ( + 1.5 mm. ?) ; diameter, 2.5 mm.

Type: No. 967, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected at Loc.
711 (C. A. S. Coll.), in Grapevine Creek, Kern County, Cali-
fornia, by G. D. Hanna and M. A. Hanna, June, 1921;
Type Tejon Eocene.

This species is related to ''Mitramorpha parsoni" Dicker-
son, but is more slender, and contains a greater number of
vertical ribs to each whorl; that species, however, appar-
ently belongs to the genus Mangilia. It was described from

»»U. S. Nat. Mus. Proc. Vol. 54, 1918, pp. 313-334.

»« See Tryon, Man. Conch. Vol. 6, 1884, p. 173, pi. 4, figs. 51 and 54.

Q^ CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

the Eocene deposits north of Coalinga, California.^^ In the
classification of the small Turritidae we have followed the
late works of W. H, DalP^ as closely as possible. A some-
what similar species, though larger, occurs in the Cowlitz
Group of southern Washington, and has been named by
Dickerson ^^Drillia ortiata^\^^ This specific name had been
used several times previously, for similar turritids, as for
example, Pleurotoma ornata, Hinds, '""'^ Pleurotoma ornata
d'Orbigny,^°^ and Filodrillia ornata Hedley,^°^ etc. Siircula
polyappellatia Hanna was recently proposed for the Cowlitz
fossil but it apparently should fall under the genus-name
Mangilia}^^

64. ["Cordiera microptygma" Gabb]

Cordiera microptygma Gabb, Gcol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 93,
223, pi. 28, fig. 203, Tejon Group, near Fort Tejon. — Gabb, Calif.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 303.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif.
Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 218.— Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34,
1882, p. 197.— Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 279. —
Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. No. 47, 1906, p. 15. — Dickerson,
Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 449, Type Tejon record.

This name was used by Gabb in a description and for a
figure published in 1864, the type of which was said to have
come from near Fort Tejon. We have seen no specimens
referable to it and venture the suggestion that the basis
may have been an assemblage of specimens, not all belong-
ing to the same species.

The spire and sculpture of the figure are like those of the
species here described as Exilia faitsta, but the columellar
plaits may be those of Fasciolaria or Latirus. The difficult
task of excavating specimens showing the aperture from the
material of this locality makes such a mistake easy. Until
the subject can be more satisfactorily cleared up by better
material it seems best to withhold the name from a valid list
of the Type Tejon fauna.

""Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 495, pi. 38, fig. 11.

»«U. S. Nat. Mus. Proc. Vol. 54, 1918, pp. 313 etc.; Vol. 56, 1919, pp. 1-86.

»» Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, p. 71, pi. 10, fig. 3.

>»«Voy. Sulphur, Moll. 1844, p. 25, pi. 7, fig. 21.

"' Ramon de la Sagra's Cuba, 1853, Vol. 2, p. 171, pi. 23, figs. 26-28.

"'Rec. Aust. Mus. Vol. 13, 1922, p. 223,

i«»Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 4th Ser. Vol. 13, 1924, p. 182.

March 18, 1925

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 97

65. Conus aegilops Anderson Si Hanna, new species

Plate 13, figures 5, 6

Shell of medium size, spire high, turrited, general form
biconical; sides of body whorl almost straight, marked by
faint revolving strise above, but with stronger raised threads
near the base; angle of whorls having a distinct beaded
ridge, bordered below by an impressed groove at the top
of body whorl; nodes or beads 24 or more in number on a
complete whorl; shoulder concave above, slope rising in a
collar on the preceding whorl; lines of growth almost
straight, but curving gently forward. The raised beaded
cord on the angle of the last whorl gives the shell somewhat
the form and appearance of an acorn of the large oaks
{Ouercus lobata), growing at the type locality of the species;
hence the name. The length of the largest specimen found
is 2>2 mm.; diameter, 13 mm.; height of spire, when com-
plete, about equal to diameter.

Type: No. 809, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected by
Bruce G. Martin at Loc. 245, (C. A. S. Coll.), Grapevine
Creek, Kern County, California. Cast of paratype, No. 810,
Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci., from Loc. 452 (U. C. Coll.) in
Grapevine Canyon; Type Tejon Eocene.

This species has a general similarity to C. cowlitzensis
Weaver and it is possible that Dickerson may have had one
of the specimens here described when he reported that form
from the type locality of the Tejon Group.

66. Conus califomianus (Conrad)
Plate 8, figure 5

Volutaiiihes californiana Conrad, House Doc. 129, Proj. Vol. 3, 33 Cong. 1st
Sess. 1855, p. 11, App. to Rep. of W. P. Blake. — Conrad, Pac. R. R.
Repts. Vol. 5, 1857, p. 322, pi. 2, fig. 9, locality Canada de las Uvas,
California. — Carpenter, Rept. Brit. Ass. Ad. Sci. 1864, p. 589; also
Smith. Misc. Coll. 252, 1872, p. 75.

(?) Conus remondii Gabb, (in part,) Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, p. 122,
Type Tejon records, but not pi. 20, fig. 79, from Cochran's, east of
Mount Diablo, etc., and not C. remondii Gabb, Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 225.

C. californiana (Conr.^d) Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol.
5, 1915, p. 43, Type Tejon record, and p. 74, pi. 11, fig. 6. — Dickerson,

gg CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papbrs.

Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 438, 449, Type Tejon
records.
Volutilithes californiana Conrad, Amer. Journ. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p. 23. —
DiCKERSON, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 368.

Conrad's description of this species was from a specimen
found at Grapevine Canyon by W. P. Blake; his figure is
defective, and his description incomplete, but still the species
can be recognized among the forms obtained at the type
locality. Gabb's criticism of the specific name employed by
Conrad is not well founded, since he misquoted it, (as Volu-
tilithes calif ornica) ; as Conrad wrote it it seems to be en-
tirely permissible. Furthermore the specimen figured and
described by Gabb for Conrad's species was from Cochran's,
east of Mount Diablo, and represents a distinct form, related
to, but not identical with Conrad's type. The names are,
therefore, not synonymous, and both may be used for their
respective species. A small form, quite similar to Gabb's
species, occurs in the Tejon Group at the type locality, but
it is easily distinguishable from Conrad's; it may be identical
with C. remondii Gabb. It is still, doubtful whether this
species should be included in the list of valid species from
the Type Tejon locality.

Dickerson recognized the distinctness of Gabb's species,
as well as the validity of the name used by Conrad, since he
has listed both from this locality.

67. [Conus cowlitzensis Weaver]

Conus cowlitzensis Weaver, Wash. Geol. Surv. Bull. 15, 1912, p. 54, pi. 2,
fig. 20, Cowlitz Group, Vader, Washington.

Not C. coivlitzensis Weaver, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen,
Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 43, 49, 51, Type Tejon records, and not pi. 11, fig. 8,
"cotype No. 352." — Not C. covilitzensis Weaver, Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, pp. 421, 449, Type Tejon records.

The species described by Weaver under this name is
abundant in the Cowlitz Group near Vader, Washington,
where the senior author and Mr. Martin obtained a number
of good specimens at Loc. 182 (C. A. S. Coll.). Dickerson
figured a specimen from there as C. cowlitzensis, but his
"cotype No. 352" differs from Weaver's species in a number
of important details; the apical angle of Weaver's figured

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEION EOCENE 99

specimen is 60°, the number of nodes is 16 to 18, on the
body whorl which contains 40 revolving lines below the
angle; while the specimen figured by Dickerson has an apical
angle of only 45°, only 12 nodes on the angle of the body
whorl and the latter is quite smooth, or only faintly marked
by a few spiral lines near the base. In other words it is
evidently a distinct species, and does not represent Weaver's
species, as Dickerson supposed. Moreover, his so-called
"cotype" was merely a plesiotype. No specimen of Weaver's
species has yet been recognized in any of the collections
from the type locality of the Tejon Group studied by us,
and no confirmation has been found of its occurring there.

68. Conus hornii Gabb

Conus hornii Gabb, Geol, Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 122, pi. 29, fig.
226, Alizos Creek, (Live Oak), near old Fort Tejon. — Gabb, Calif.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 303.— Gabb, Calif, Acad. Nat.
Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 303.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2,
1869, p. 225, said to come from the Type Tejon Group. — Heilprin,
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 198.— Cooper, Calif.
State Min. 7th Ann. RepL 1888, p. 278, listed as Tejon. — Arnold,
U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 15.— Dickerson, Calif. Acad.
Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 43, 98, pi. 11, figs. 9a, 9b, 9c; Type
Tejon records. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp.
421, 426, 427, 432, 438, 449, Type Tejon records.

This species was first described from the type locality of
the Tejon Group, and has been found plentifully at Loc. 244
(C. A. S. Coll.), Live Oak Canyon, by Mr. Bruce G. Mar-
tin. Several good examples are in the collections of the
California Academy of Sciences, three of which were figured
by Dickerson. The complete absence of nodes or beads on
the periphery and the slightly concave shoulder are the chief
distinguishing features of the species.

69. Conus submonilifer Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 8, figure 6

Shell small, smooth, spire relatively high, biconical, with
nine, heavy, impressed spiral lines on the lower half of the
body whorl and finer ones extending to the periphery;

■^QQ CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

whorls eight, rising into a high spire with almost straight
sides; periphery sharply angled the ridge being quite smooth,
or only faintly crenulated on the body, but with more dis-
tinct crenulations on the younger whorls; shoulder slightly
concave above the angle; lines of growth sinuous on the
body whorl, bending obliquely forward below the angle;
apical angle 68°; basal angle 32°. Altitude of largest shell,
18 mm.; diameter, 13 mm.; spire one-third of the total
length; altitude of type, 9.9 mm.; diameter, 5.2 mm.

Type: No. 812, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected at Loc.
244, (C. A. S. Coll.), Live Oak Creek, Kern County, California,
by Bruce G. Martin; Type Tejon Eocene.

This species appears to be related to the small form called
C. remnndii (?) herein, found with it at the type locality
of the Tejon Group, but is distinguished from it by the
absence of beads, or even crenulations on the more mature
whorls, and fewer spiral lines on the same. Numerous
specimens of both species were obtained at Live Oak Canyon
by Mr. Martin and the writers.

The species is related to C. hornii but has a higher spire,
traces of beads on the periphery, and for the same number
of whorls is uniformly smaller.

70. ? Conus remondii Gabb

Plate 8, figure 7

Conus remondii, Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 122, pi. 20,
fig. 79, Cochran's, east of Mount Diablo, and other localities includ-
ing Type Tejon.— Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. Ill, 1867,
p. 303. — Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 225.— Heilprik,
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 198.— Cooper, Calif. State
Min. 7th Ann. Rep. 1888, p. 278. — Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof.
Ppr. 47, 1906, p. IS.

Not Volutatithes caniforniana Conrad, Pac. R. R. Repts. Vol. 5, 1857, p. 322.

Not Conus calif ornianus (Conrad) Gabb, Pal. Vol. 1, p. 122, Type Tejon
records. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, pp. 43,
49, 51, Type Tejon records, but not p. 74, pi. 11, fig. 7, Cowlitz Group,
Washington. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp.
421, 432, 438, 449, Type Tejon records.

As Stated by Gabb, Remond obtained a specimen of Conus
from Cochran's, east of Mount Diablo, which was taken

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HAN N A— TYPE TEJON EOCENE JQl

for the species found by Blake at Grapevine Creek, and
named by Conrad Volutatithes (Typ. err.) calif orniana.
Gabb confused this name with C. californicus Hinds, ob-
jected to its use, and sought to replace it with the name C.
remondti. Conrad's name appears to be valid, notwithstand-
ing its resemblance to that used by Hinds for a recent
species, and since Gabb actually used C. remondii for a dis-
tinct, even though related species, both names may be re-
tained, but used for their respective species only.

Dickerson figured a specimen (pi. H, fig. 7,), from Loc.
183 (C. A. S. Coll.), near Vader, Washington, as C. re-
mondii Gabb, but which, from a direct comparison with
Gabb's figure, and with Tejon material appears to be a
questionable determination. A form similar to Gabb's, but
smaller, occurs in the Tejon Group of the type locality.
The number of nodes varies in the series we have and they
do not have the axially flattened appearance of the figure of
C. remondii. We have been unable to secure any authentic
specimens of the latter from Cochran's to check the work
of Gabb and until this is done it would seem premature to
separate the Tejon form specifically. The identification is
made, however, with the belief that eventually the separa-
tion will have to be made.

71. [Genus weaver! Dickerson]

Conus zveaveri Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4th Sen Vol. 5, 1915, p.
74, pi. 11, fig. 10, Cowlitz Group, Vader, Washington, Loc. 182 (C.
A. S. Coll.); not pp. 43, 49, 51, Type Tejon records. — Not C. iveaveri
Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 429, Type
Tejon records.

This species was described from a single specimen ob-
tained from the Cowlitz Group by the senior author and
Mr. Martin at Loc. 182 (C. A. S. Coll.), near Vader,
Washington. Dickerson's record of the species from the
type locality of the Tejon Group, is apparently based upon
a single worn and fragmentary specimen, Loc. 244 (C. A.
S. Coll.), which shows none of the diagnostic characters of
his C. weaveri. On the other hand it bears a closer resem-
blance to C. hornii Gabb, a common form in the type local-

1Q2 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

ity of the Tejon Group. We do not regard the evidence
as sufficient to warrant including this species as a member
of that fauna.

72. Cowlitzia canalifera (Gabb)
Plate 9, figures 6, 9, 13

Rostellaria (Rimella) canalifera Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864,
pp. 123, 226, pi. 29, fig. 228; Martinez and near Fort Tejon.

Rimella canalifera Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1868, p. 303.—
Gabb, Amer. Journ. Conch. Vol. 5, 1868, p. 142. — Gabb, Geol. Surv.
Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 225.— Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc.
Vol. 34, 1882, p. 197.— Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888,
p. 291.— Stanton, U. S. Geol. Surv. 17th Ann. Rept. 1897, p. 1027.—
Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 15.

? Rimella macilenta White, Stanton, U. S. Geol. Surv. 17th Ann. Rept.
1897, p. 1027, not of White.

Rimella simplex Gabb, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th sen Vol. 5,
1915, pp. 44, 50, 51, Type Tejon records. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 427, 439, 452, Type Tejon records.—
Not R. simplex of Gabb.

Coivlitzia canalifera (Gabb), Clark & Palmer, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol.
Vol. 14, 1923, p. 284, pi. 51, figs. 15-20.

In Gabb's description of this species the first locality
mentioned was Martinez, but he added, "and near Fort
Tejon". Our collections from the type section of the Tejon
Group contain numerous specimens that agree so well with
the original figure and description that we are disposed to
believe that the type came from the Tejon locality. This
surmise is borne out by the fact that we have found no
mention of the species occurring at Martinez by any of the
later writers who have studied this section, where it should
have been found if the type had really come from there.
To Gabb's meager description we add the following supple-
mentary notes:

Shell with about seven whorls, regularly rounded, and
with suture well impressed between them; upper two and a
half whorls smooth, the rest strongly sculptured but with
gradual transition; posterior canal extending up the spire
to the lowest nuclear whorl where it bends to the right
around the spire; last whorl sculptured with nine axial ribs,

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HAN N A— TYPE TEJON EOCENE J 03

the last six diminishing in length; penultimate whorl sculp-
tured with 13 spiral cords which pass over the ribs and
which are separated by interspaces of equal width to the
cords; cords and interspaces squarish or flattened, not
sharply cut; aperture heavily calloused on columella and
peristome; anterior canal slightly recurved; lower portion
of peristome somewhat angulated at its juncture with outer
margin, and denticulated with about seven conical projec-
tions at the terminations of the spiral cords; stromboid
notch very slight or absent. The number of axial ribs on
the body whorl varies from nine to thirteen; number of
spiral cords on the penultimate whorl varies from nine to
sixteen, due to splitting in some specimens.

Measurements
Altitude Diameter

12.6 ram 5.9 mm
16.0 7.2
18.9 8.0
20.5 9.1

23.7 10.0

The great variation in size of fully adult individuals, as
shown by the above, is possibly due to sexual dimorphism;
a similar condition has been seen to exist in the other species
of the genus. The descriptive notes above are drawn chiefly
from the three specimens figured. Varicies may or may not
be developed in the immature shell as shown in figs. 9 and 10.

C. caniUfera is the smallest species of the genus. Other
related forms are C. simplex from San Diego, California,
and C. zvashingtonensis from southern Washington. Prof.
Bruce L. Clark and Mrs. D. K. Palmer have recently
worked over the group and separated the west American
forms generically from those of European Eocene de-
posits.^^"^

73. [Cowlitzia simplex (Gabb)]

Rostellaria (Rimella) simplex Gabb, Geo]. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864,
p. 124, pi. 20, fig. 80; Rose Canyon, San Diego, and above the coal
at Claj^on.

Rimella simplex Gabb, Amer. Journ. Conch. Vol. 5, 1868, p. 142. — Gabb,
Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 225,— Cooper, Calif. State Min.

"*See Clark & Palmer, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 14, No. 7, 1923, pp. 277-
288, pi. 51.

JQ4 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 291. — Cooper, Calif. State Min. Bur., Bull. No.

4, 1894, pp. 37, 38, and 62. — Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47,
1906, p. 15.

Not Rimella simplex Gabb, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol.

5, 1915, pp. 44, 50, 51, Type Tejon records. — Not R. simplex. Dicker-
son, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 427, 439, 452, Type
Tejon Records. (See Coivlitzia canalijera Gabb.)

The type of this species was obtained at Rose Canyon,
near San Diego, by Dr. J, G. Cooper, as he himself has
stated. Dickerson has Hsted it as occurring at Loc. 245
(C. A. S. Coll.), Type Tejon. An examination of the
specimens from there, labelled R. simplex, by him shows
them not to be this, but they are undoubtedly large C.
canilifera. C. simplex (Gabb) is a distinctly robust form,
having more axial ribs on the penultimate than on the body
whorl. We have not found it in the type section of the
Tejon Group.

74. ["Loxotrema turrita" Gabb]

Loxotrema turrita Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, pp. 168, 229,
pi. 28, fig. 49, from 10 miles west of Griswold's ranch, between
San Juan and New Idria; not listed from the type locality of the
Tejon Group.

Not Loxotrema turrita, Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p.
439, Type Tejon record.

The listing of this species from the Type Tejon locality
by Dickerson was probably unintentional, as there is no
other record to show its occurrence there. He has not
included the species in any of his more formal lists of that
fauna, nor is there known to us any evidence whatever that
it does occur there.

75. Cypraea kerniana Anderson & Hanna, new species
Plate 13, figures 9, 10, 11

Cyprcea mathevjsonii Gabb, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser.,
Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 43, 60, and pi. 6, fig. 5.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 438, and 448, Type Tejon records.
(Not C. matheiasonii of Gabb.)

Shell smooth, short and greatly inflated; outer Up rounded,
ornamented with nine denticulations; columellar side of the

Vol. XI] AS'DERSON A.XD HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE J05

aperture sculptured with plaits, the center ones of which
are longest, and toward the exterior, wavy. The shell is
slightly more globose toward the anterior end than the
smaller C. mathewsonii from Martinez. Moreover in our
species the outer lip has only nine denticulations, though it is
larger, while the Martinez species has 15. The sculpture
of kern'tana is finer on the body whorl and some variation in
size is shown in the series which we have studied, the largest
being 17.7 mm. in length, and the smallest 13.6 mm.

Type: No. 816; paratypes No. 817 and 818, Mus. Calif.
Acad. Sci.; collected at Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), one-fourth
mile east of Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California, by
Bruce G. Martin; Type Tejon Eocene.

76. [Cyprsea bayerquei Gabb]

? Cyprcea bayerquei Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 129, in-
cluding three text figures; Clayton, Contra Costa County, Calif omia.
(? Not of Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, pp. 163, 225, pi. 27,
figs. 43, 43a, 43b, and 43c; "Tejon Group," at Martinez, reported also
from Tejon.) — Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 280;
Gabb's record copied. — ^Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906,
p. 15; Gabb's record copied. — ? Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol.
Vol. 8, 1913, pi. 15, fig. 1, Martinez Group, locality not given.

? Not Cypraa bayerquei, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5,
1915, p. 43; reported from Loc. 452 (U. C. Coll.) and a specimen fig-
ured, pi. 6, figs. 4a and 4b. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol.
9, 1916, pp. 421, 432, 448, Type Tejon records.

In an endeavor to ascertain the proper status of this
species, and of its stratigraphic and geographic occurrence,
some interesting facts have been disclosed. Gabb's original
drawings, (Pal. Vol. 1, pp. 129 and 130,) were made from
a cast obtained near Clayton. The figures shown in the
attempted revision, ^°^ were made from a "perfect specimen"
from near Martinez. The young form, (pi. 27, fig. 43c,)
is probably one of the two sent by Dr. Horn from the Tejon
locality, as per Gabb's note, (p. 164). In this view of the
case it appears probable that Gabb's revision and re-illustra-
tion of the species were based upon two distinct species,

"» Pal. Vol. 2, pi. 27, figs. 43, 43a, and 43b.

JQ5 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

neither of which represented his original form obtained from
Clayton. This surmise is borne out by his figures.

A single well preserved specimen of Cypraa m the Acad-
emy of Sciences, obtained at Big Tar Canyon, southern
Fresno County, California, agrees very well with Gabb's
original figures and description of C. bayerquei from near
Clayton and it comes from strata very near if not exactly
equivalent to those found at the latter place.

Dickerson figured a specimen in his Martinez paper (Op.
cit. 1, pi. 15, fig. 1,) as C. bayerquei, without giving any
direct information as to its occurrence, except that on p. 109
it is included in the "Meretrix dalli zone", while his com-
plete list of species from this zone (pp. 71-74, et seq.)
contains no mention of it. His "Meretrix dalli zone", how-
ever, is said to be in the lower part of the Martinez Group,
while Gabb's types are from what he considered the Tejon
Group. Nevertheless, Dickerson's figure in this paper comes
nearest agreeing with those of Gabb's original description.
Dickerson, in his second paper, reported C. bayerquei from
Loc. 452 (U. C. Coll.) in Grapevine Canyon, Kern County,
and figured a specimen from there under this name, but
with no better warrant than Gabb had. The figures in this
paper (pi. 6, figs. 4a and 4b) do not agree with those of
his first.

A critical study of the foregoing data reveals the fact
that at least three species have been confused under this
name, which should apply only to the first, namely that from
Clayton, first considered by Gabb. The species figured by
Dickerson from the Martinez Group seems to resemble it,
but its identity requires to be proved. Dickerson's later
figures from Loc. 452 (U. C. Coll.) Grapevine Canyon,
resemble somewhat Gabb's specimen from the "Tejon
Group" near Martinez, ^°^ but we cannot affirm its identity.
Dickerson's specimen is at the University of California, and
measures 12.5 mm. in length, and 7.5 mm. in width. His
figures show it, therefore, nearly three times enlarged,
instead of twice, as he reported. The specimen is, more-
over, defective, in that the preservation is poor, the aper-
tural teeth have suffered from the operation of cleaning,

»»• Pal. Vol. 2, pi. 27, figs. 44, 44a, and 44b.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—-TYPE TEJON EOCENE IQ?

and the shape is distorted from crushing. On the whole
It Is not at all certain that It Is not an abnormal specimen of
C. kerniana, described herein.

Neither of Gabb's forms have been recognized by us in
the type section of the Tejon Group, although It Is possible
that his last one may be found there.

77. [Cyprsea mathewsonii Gabb]

Cypnea (Epona) mathewsonii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. II, 1869,
pp. 164, 225, pi. 27, figs. 44, 44a and 44b; Tejon Group, Martinez.

Not Cyprcea m-atheivsonii, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4th Sen, Vol.
5, 1915, p. 43; Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), near Grapevine Creek, nor
p. 60, pi. 6, fig. 5 (or 5a). — Not C. mathewsonii, Dickerson, Univ.
Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 438, 448, Type Tejon records,
all of which=C. kerniana.

This species was originally described from the "Tejon
Group" at Martinez, which, as Gabb conceived It, was not
necessarily equivalent to the Tejon Group at its type locality.
Dickerson reported it from the type section of the Tejon
Group, Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), based upon a specimen
from the Martin collection. An examination of the specimen
figured by him, referred to above, shows It to be specifically
distinct from matheivsonii and Is C. kerniana. A comparison
of Dickerson's figure with Gabb's shows a decided difference
in form and In the aperture. Gabb's figure, moreover,
shows the outer lip to have 15 denticles, a simple crescent
shaped aperture, and a narrower and semi-ovate body whorl.
On the other hand, C. kerniana has onlv nine denticles on
the outer lip, Is shorter In proportion to the width, and has
a body whorl considerably more globose toward the anterior
end. We have seen no specimens of Cypraa in any of the
collections from the type locality of the Tejon Group refer-
able to C. mathezvsonii.

Galeodea Link

In the use of the genus-name Galeodea Link we are in
accord with Dall, who believed the name is not preoccupied
by Galeodes Bolten.^^'' The type of the genus is the living

'"U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 59, 1909, p. 64.

IQg CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

species Galeodea echinophora (Linn.), which does not
appear to differ generically from the Eocene forms on the
west coast. That there are several species of Galeodea in
the western Eocene deposits can hardly be doubted. Each
group, and each sub-province appears to have its form, dis-
tinguishable from the others by constant characters of spe-
cific value. They may, however, be regarded as analogous
species, in part, particularly in the groups which are synchro-
nous, though their specific identity is difficult to show.

The nearest analogue of the Tejon species described in
this report is that from the Cowlitz Group of Washington,
described by Weaver as Morio tuberculatus Gabb, var. tri-
tiiberculatus}^^ This form was also figured by Weaver and
Palmer from the same group of southern Washington. ^°^
The Cowlitz species is smaller, has three rows of spines
nearly equal in size, which are elongated axially, and the
spiral threads are not uniformly alternated large and small,
as in the Tejon species.

G. petrosa (Conrad) also has its analogue in the Eocene
of western Washington, which has been described as a sub-
species by Weaver and Palmer.^^°

The Eocene strata of Marysville Buttes furnishes a spe-
cies with strong spines.

78. Galeodea petrosa (Conrad)
Plate 10, figures 2, 3

Stramonita petrosa Conrad, House Doc. 129, Proj. Vol. 3, 33rd Cong. 1st.
Sess. 1855, p. 17; App. to Prelim. Geol. Rept. by W. P. Blake.— Con-
rad, Pac. R. R. Repts. Vol. 5, 1857, p. 327, pi. 6, figs. 47, 47a; also
Blake, p. 42 ; Type Tejon Eocene. — Carpenter, Rept. Brit. Ass. Ad.
Sci. 1864, p. 590; also Smith. Misc. Coll. 252, 1872, p. 76.

Purpura petrosa Conrad, Meek, Smith. Misc. Coll. Checklist Sp. No. 663. —
Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 112.

Galeodea petrosa Conrad, Smith. Misc. Coll. 200, Checklist, Eocene Fossils,
1866, Species No. 471.

Morio (Sconsia) tuber culata Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p.
223, in part, Type Tejon records, only. (Not M, (S.) tuherculata Gabb,
Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 104, pi. 19, fig. 57, Bull's Head Point, near Mar-
tinez.) — Cooper, Calif. State Min, 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 287, Type

"8 Wash. Geol. Surv. Bull. No. IS, 1912, p. 39, pi. 3, fig. 35.
"»Univ. Wash. Publ. Geol. Vol. 1, No. 3, 1922, pi. 11, figs. 23 and 27.
""Op. cit. p. 37, pi. 11, figs. 18 and 20.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 109

Tejon records.— Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr, 47, 1906, p. 15,
Tejon record. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 7, 1913, p. 264.

Galeodea tuber culata (Gabb), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser.,
Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 43, 50, 51, Type Tejon records. (Not p. 88, pi. 6,
figs. 3a and 3b, Cowlitz Group, Washington, ^ G. tri-tuher culata
(Weaver.)— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421,
432, 438, 450, Type Tejon records. (Not p. 516, pi. 42, fig. 2, locality
not given.)

Shell robust, spire moderately elevated, suture slightly
channelled; body Avhorl with nine conical, bluntly pointed
spines in the upper row, smaller spines below on the peri-
phery, equal in number, and below these a third row of still
smaller spines, or tubercules; almost five whorls visible on
the type specimen, the upper two being smooth; the spines
of the upper row increase in size gradually to the aperture;
surface of body whorl marked by spiral threads of variable
strength; canal sharply recurved, outer lip greatly thickened
and expanded outwardly, apparently denticulated within:
upper margin of the peristome continuous with the heavy
callous deposit on the columellar wall. Altitude of plesiotype
No. 823, 33 mm.; diameter, 30 mm.

This species differs from G. tuberculata (Gabb) {—G.
tiiberculiformis Hanna) in its larger size and more robust
form, in its turrited spire which is not one of continuous
slope, and in its three rows of spines instead of two as in
Gabb's species. It differs from G. tri-tuberculata (Weaver)
also in its larger size, more robust form, and in having the
spines appressed vertically. Examples of the Cowlitz spe-
cies in the collections of the Academy show it to be a very
distinct form, not easily confounded with ours.

The type specimen of this species was obtained by Blake
from a block of sandstone found on the trail less than eight
miles west of Grapevine Creek, perhaps in the drainage
areas either of Tecuya or Salt Creek and was doubtless de-
rived from the Tejon strata of that section. His descrip-
tion and figures are poor but characteristic and were included
by him under the species referred to the Miocene in his
report.

It does not seem that the use of the name Galeodea
petrosa (Conrad) should be invalidated by his use of ''Gal-

iiQ CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

odea petrosa" in 1866."^ He listed it from "Lower Eocene"
of Oregon but gave no reference to where the species was
described; the name therefore has no more standing than a
nomen nudum. Gabb in 1869^^^ stated that he did not know
what the name signified unless it be "Semicassis ? biliratus^'
or "Semicassis ? petrosus" listed by Conrad as Nos. 472 and
474. The latter was described as "Dolium petrosum"^^^
by Conrad and afterwards referred to Doliopsis and Semi-
cassis; it is now placed in Eudolium^^^ and occurs in Miocene
strata at Astoria, Oregon.

79. [Galeodea tuberculiformis Hanna]

Morio (Sconsia) tuherculata Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. I, 1864, p.
104, pi. 19, fig. 57, Bull's Head Point, Martinez.— M. (S.) tuhercu-
lata Gabb, Pal. Vol. II, 1869, p. 223, in part, but not Type Tejon
records.

Galeodea tuherculata (Gabb), Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. IX,
1916, p. 421, etc., not Type Tejon records, but possibly p. 516, pi. 42,
fig. 2, locality not given.

Galeodea tuherculiformis Hanna, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th sen Vol. 13,
1924, p. 167.

Not Cassidar'm tuherculata Risso, Hist. Nat. Eur. Mer. Vol. IV, 1826, p. 186.

This species was described from near Martinez, and from
strata not yet proved to be the equivalent of the Type Tejon.
Gabb stated that there are two, rarely three, rows of tuber-
cules on the body whorl, and this character is well shown in
his figure, as It is also in that of Dickerson, referred to
above. In this form the spire is low, with nearly straight
smooth slopes on which the several whorls show no vertical
rise, and no tubercules. It has not been seen in any of the
collections from the type locality of the Tejon Group.

Unfortunately, the original name of the Martinez species
is in conflict with an earlier one and the rules of nomen-
clature required its replacement.

»" Smith. Misc. Coil. No. 200, Check List Inv. Foss. N. A. Eocene and Oligro-
cene. 1866, p. IS, No. 471.

»"Gcol. Surr. Calif. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 112.

"•Geol. U. S. Expl. Exp. App. 1, 1849, p. 727, pi. 19, figrs. 3, 4.

««Dall, U. S. Geol. Surr. Prop. Papr. 59, 1909, p. 71.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE \\\

80. Ficus mamillatus Gabb

F'lcus mamillatus Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 211, pi. 32,
fig. 276; near Fort Tejon. — Conrad, Amer. Jour. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865,
p. 363 ; said to be the same as Sycotypus modestus of Oregon Tertiary. —
Gabb, Amer. Jour. Conch. Vol. 2, 1866, p. 91. — Gabb, Geol. Surv.
Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 221; Tejon Group, Tejon. — Heilprin,
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 198. — English, Univ.
Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 8, 1914, p. 245.— Dickerson, Calif. Acad.
Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, p. 50, pi. 6, fig. 12; Loc. 244 (C. A. S.
Coll.), Live Oak Canyon. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9,
1916, p. 449, Type Tejon record.

? Sycotypus modestus Conrad, Amer. Jour. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p. 363;
{Ficus mamillatus Gabb is stated to be identical.)

Ficopsis mamillatus (Gabb), Conrad, Amer. Jour. Conch. Vol. 2, 1866, p.
100; (included in new genus proposed by Conrad.)

This species, which was first described from the type
locality of the Tejon Group has not, to our knowledge, been
found anywhere else, although Dickerson has listed it from
the Cowlitz Group of southern Washington, and from the
vicinity of Mount Diablo. It is a rare species at the type
locality, only three specimens having been seen by us among
the large collections studied from this section.

81. Ficopsis hornii (Gabb)

Plate 12, figure 8

Fusus (Hemifusus) hornii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 86,
pi. 28, figs. 206 and 206a; neax Fort Tejon. — Conrad, Amer. Jour.
Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p. 363.— Gabb, Amer. Jour. Conch. Vol. 2, 1866,
p. 90.— Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci., Prov. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 302.

Ficopsis hornii (Gabb), Conrad, Amer. Jour. Conch. Vol. 2, 1866, p. 100. —
(Gabb), Geol. Sur\'. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, pp. 158, 221.— Cooper,
Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 282. — Arnold, U. S. Geol.
Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 15. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc.
4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, p. 43, Type Tejon record, and p. 61, pi. 6, fig. 9;
Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.).— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. VoL
9, 1916, pp. 421, 449, Type Tejon records.

Perissolax hornii (Gabb), Conrad, Amer. Jour. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p. 363.

This species was originally described from the type local-
ity of the Tejon Group, and has usually been so listed by
most of the writers who have dealt with this formation
down to the present. Dickerson enumerated it as one of the

112 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

"characteristic" forms. It has been collected at Locs. 244
and 245 (C A. S. Coll.), and at Locs. 451 and 452 (U. C.
Coll.). In the large series of specimens which we have
studied considerable variation has been seen in the strength
of the three rows of spines which encircle the whorls. In
senile individuals the two lower ones are usually lost and in
one case even the upper row was missing but the shell was
distinctly angulated at the place where the row would be,
the angle being just a little more than 90°.

82. Ficopsis remondii (Gabb)

Fusus (Hemifusus) remondii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p.
87, pi. 18, fig. 36; Cochran's, east of Mount Diablo, and Alizos
Creek, near Fort Tcjon. — Conrad, Amer. Jour. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p.
363. — Gabb, Amer. Jour. Conch. Vol. 2, 1866, p. 90. — Gabb, Calif.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 302,

Ficopsis remondii (Gabb), Conrad, Amer. Jour. Conch. Vol. 2, 1866, p. 100.
— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, pp. 158 and 221; reported
from Martinez, Clayton, and Fort Tejon. — Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, pp. 197 and 212.— Cooper, Calif. State Min,
7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 282. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol.
7, 1913, p. 264, Tejon record. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th
Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, p. 43, Type Tejon record, and pp. 61, 88, and pi. 6,
fig. 8; Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.).— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol.
Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 433, 449, Type Tejon records.

Perissolax remondii (Gabb), Conrad, Amer. Jour. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p.
363.

This species was originally described from Cochran's, near
Mount Diablo, but Gabb reported it also from Alizos Creek,
near Fort Tejon, where it does occur plentifully, along with
the preceding species. There are several good specimens in
the collections of the Academy of Sciences from this place.

The slender form and complete absence of nodes or
spines at all ages will serve to distinguish the species from
F. hornii, with which there appears to be no intergradation.
Dickerson has figured a typical example of remondii.

83. [Ficopsis cowlitzensis (Weaver)]

Hemifusus coivliizensis Weaver, Vi^ash. Geol. Surv. Bull. 15, 1912, p. 45,
pi. 1, figs. 1, and 4, {Hamifusus by err.), Cowlitz Group, near
Sopenah, Washington.

March 18, 192S

Vot. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA— TYPE TEJON EOCENE 1]3

Ficopsis cowlitzensis (Weaver), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser.,
Vol. V, 1915, pp. 61, 62, 88, pi. 6, fig. 10, Loc. 182, (C. A. S. Coll.),
Cowlitz Group, Vader, Washington. (Not pp. 43, 50 and 51, Type
Tejon records.) — Not F. coivlitzensis, Dickerson^ Univ. Calif. Publ.
Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 449, Type Tejon records.

This species is abundant in the Cowlitz Group near Vader,
Washington, from which locahty there are numerous speci-
mens in the collections of the Academy of Sciences. Dicker-
son listed it also from the type locality of the Tejon Group,
but does not specify the points at which he has obtained it.
In his earlier publication he listed it (p. 51) as one of the
"characteristic and most abundant species" of both the
CoAvlitz Group and the "Type Tejon". We do not know
upon what he based the statement of its occurrence in the
Type Tejon Group, nor upon what he relied for his state-
ment that it is a "characteristic and most abundant species"
there. We have not found a single specimen of it in any
of the large collections which we have examined from there.
It is true that some variations of F. hornii Gabb, resemble
the Cowlitz species in a general way, but this resemblance
does not amount to specific identity, without an expansion
of the Tejon species to include the other entirely, which we
do not believe is justifiable.

Naticidae

The members of the family Naticidae which have been
found or reported as occurring in the strata of the Tejon
Group at the type locality have been placed here in the fol-
lowing genera : Ampullina, Amauropsis, Natica^ Neverita
and Sinum. In order to avoid confusion we should state the
basis of our use of these names.

The type of the genus Ampullina is given by Dall as Am-
pullaria depresstts Lamarck, ^^^ and there can be no doubt
that the western Eocene forms, such as Natica hannibali
Dickerson, belong to this genus. No representatives of the
group, however, have been found by us in the strata of the
Type Tejon Group. "^

"»U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 59, 1909, p. 89.

^^* Ampullina depressus (Lam.) has been figured by Cossman and Pissaro. Icon.
Eocene Paris, pi. 10, fig. 64-7.

JJ4 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

The type species of Amaiiropsis has been given as Natica
helicoides Johnston, a living species of the north Atlantic. ^^''
The western analogue is A. purpurea Dall. The species has
a channeled suture and is probably generically distinct from
Conrad's, A. alveata.

The two largest groups of living Naticida are Natica and
Polinices, but the presence of a calcareous operculum in the
first, and one of horny character in the second, furnish the
only reliable means of distinguishing them,^^^ but this is
usually missing in fossil species. Therefore the generic
identification of fossil species as one or the other must be
largely upon resemblance to living forms. The unsatisfac-
tory nature of this method is shown by the many changes in
the nomenclature in paleontologic literature. The only con-
sistent escape from this elusive method is that of referring
all the naticoid fossil species to the earliest name for the
group, and therefore Natica has been adopted for this re-
port.^^^^ Of this group there are certain well marked species
in the Type Tejon strata. Natica hornii Gabb has a low
spire, shallow sutures, and an umbilicus completely filled with
callus. Natica uvasana is smaller in size, has an open umbili-
cus only partly filled by a calcareous pillar on the side next
to the aperture. Natica nuciformis has an open umbilicus
with no calcareous deposit within it whatsoever.

The group Neverita, as used by conchologists, has usually
been included as a sub-genus under Polinices, because the
species have a horny operculum; but western paleontolo-
gists generally use it in a generic sense for naticoid shells
having relatively high spires, somewhat flattened sides, and
base, and with an umbilicus open or partly filled by a callous
deposit. On these characters it is usually possible to distin-
guish the fossil species from Natica at a glance, but there
appears to be abundant intergrades when large numbers of
species are studied. Under such circumstances the only

"' Dall, opt. cit. p. 89 ; figured by Tryon, Man. Conch. Vol. 8, 1886, p. 53, pi.
22, fig. 31.

"8 Dall, opt cit. p. 87, and Trans. Wag. Free Inst. Vol. 3, pt. 2, p. 362, etc.

"'a In late reports by Hedley, (Rec. Aust. Mus. Vol. 14, No. 3, 1924;) and
Marwick, (Trans. New Zealand Institute, Vol. 55, 1924, p. 559;) it has been shown
that the genus-name Polinices Montfort, 1810, is ante-dated by Uber Humphreys,
1797, and the former name has been discarded as a group of the Naticidae. This
further serves to illustrate the unsatisfactory results which would be obtained if
attempts be made to place fossils of the group into so unstable a system as that in
present use with living forms.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA— TYPE TEION EOCENE II5

logical course would seem to be to use Natica for the genus
and Neverita as a sub-genus.

No difficulty is experienced in recognizing the members
of the genus Sinum which the acceptance of Bolten's names
compels us to use instead of the well known Sigaretus of
Lamarck,

84. Natica homii (Gabb)
Plate 10, figure 7

Natica ?oetites Conrad, House Doc. 129, Proj. Vol, 3, 33d Cong. 1st Sess,
1855, p. 10, App, to Rep, W. P. Blake,— Conrad, Pac. R. R. Repts. Vol.
5, 1857, p. 321, pi. 2, fig. 7.— Carpenter, Rept. Brit. Ass. Ad. Sci, 1864,
p. 589; also Smith. Misc. Coll. 252, 1872, p. 75.— Not N. oetites Con-
rad, Foss. Sh. Tert. Form. 1833, from the Claiborne Group,

Natica aetites ? Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. IX, 1916, p. 368.

Lunatia hornii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 106, pi. 29,
fig. 217, Alizos Creek, near Fort Tejon; listed on p. 224 from San
Luis Gonzaga Ranch, probably by error, the star being placed in the
wrong column. — Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 303.
— Gabb, Geol. Surv, Calif, Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 222. — Heilprin, Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p, 198.— Cooper, Calif, St. Min.
7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 285.— Arnold, U. S. Geol, Surv, Prof, Ppr, 47,
1906, p. 15.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 7, 1913, p. 264,
Type Tejon record. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol.
5, 1915, p. 43, Type Tejon record, and pi. IV, fig. 11, Loc. 245, (C. A,
S. Coll.), near Grapevine Creek, Kern County, Calif, — Dickerson,
Unlv, Calif, Publ, Geol, Vol, 9, 1916, pp, 421, 432, 438, 442, 450, Type
Tejon records.

This species was first described from the type locality
of the Tejon Group, and the above records are from there
only. The species has been variously listed from many
other places, but no attempt has been made here to check
its occurrence elsewhere than at the Tejon locality.

Gabb's description and figure do not entirely agree, prob-
ably due to inaccuracy of the artist. However, it seems
to be generally conceded that he had the low spired, heav-
ily calloused form which is abundant in the strata of the
Type Tejon Group. Conrad's figure is entirely unrecog-
nizable. Occasion is here taken to represent the species
photographically.

■jj^ CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papbbs.

85. Natica nuciformis (Gabb)

Plate 10, figure 8

Lunatia nuciformis Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 107, pi.
28, fig. 218.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, p. 222, Alizos Creek,
near Fort Tejon. — Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p.
285.— Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. No. 47, 1906, p. 15.—
DiCKERSON, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 7, 1913, p. 264.— Dickerson,
Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 43, 50, 51.— Dick-
erson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 426, 427, 432, 438,
450, Type Tejon records. (Not p. 510, pi. 39, fig. 4, from Loc. 2225
(U. C. Coll.) ).

This species was originally described from Alizos Creek,
now known as Live Oak Creek, at the locality of the Tejon
Group. All of the records given above refer to the Type
Tejon only. The occurrence of the species is not confirmed
from other localities. Dr. B. L. Clark has also recorded
the species from the strata of the Type Tejon. ^^^

86. Natica uvasana Gabb

Plate 9, figures 3, 4

( ?) Natica gibbosa, and N. semilunata Lea, Conrad, House Doc. 129, Proj.
Vol. 3, 33d Cong. 1st Sess. 1855, p. 10, App. to Rep. W. P. Blake; not
the species described by Lea, in Contr. to Geol. 1833, from Eocene of
Alabama.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 368.—
Carpenter, Rept. Brit. Ass. Ad. Sci. 1864, p. 589; also Smith. Misc.
Coll. 252, 1872, p. 75.

Natica uvasana Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 212, pi. 32,
fig. 277, near Fort Tejon. — Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3,
1867, p. 303.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 221.—
Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 198.— Cooper,
Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 287.— Arnold, U. S. Geol.
Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 15. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc.
4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, p. 44, Type Tejon record. — Dickerson, Univ.
Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 433, 439, 451, Type Tejon
records, ? p. 508, pi. 38, fig. 8.

This species was originally described from the type local-
ity of the Tejon Group, where it occurs abundantly. It is
surmised that it was this that Conrad mistook for the spe-
cies of Lea from the Eocene of Alabama. At any rate this
seems to be the most plasuible interpretation of the

"•Jour. Geol. Vol. 29, 1921, p. 159, Tejon record.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE W]

record. The species is fairly constant in form, and in the
possession of the peculiar callus described by Gabb. We
have selected a specimen for photographic illustration
which agrees with that of Gabb as nearly as possible.

87. Natica secta Gabb

Plate 10, figure 9

Neverita secta Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 108, 225, pi.
29, fig. 220, Alizos Creek, near Fort Tejon, — Gabb, Calif. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. Ill, 1867, p. 303.— Gabb, Geol. Surv, Calif. Pal.
Vol. 2, 1869, p. 222.— Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34,
1882, p. 198.— Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept., 1888, p. 288.—
Harris, Science, Vol. 22, Aug. 18, 1893, p. 97. — Natica oetithes Conrad.
— Arnold, U, S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 15. — Dickerson,
Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 44, 50, 51, Type
Tejon records, (Not (?) p. 84, pi. 4, fig. 9, Cowlitz Group, Wash.) —
Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 433, 451,
Type Tejon records, but not p. 510, pi. 39, fig. 6, the locality of which
is not given.

This species was first described from the locality of the
Type Tejon, and the above records pertain only to its occur-
rence there. It is a very well marked form which need not
be mistaken upon careful comparison of specimens.

88. [Natica fiasco Hanna]

Natica fiasco Hanna, Calif. Acady. Sci. Proc. 4th ser. Vol. 13, 1924, p. 173;

new nanae for Neverita globosa Gabb.
Neverita globosa Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 161, 222, pi.

27, fig. 39, from 10 miles west of Griswold's ranch on the road from San

Juan to New Idria, California ; not listed from the Type Tejon.
Not Neverita globosa Gabb, Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916,

p. 422, Type Tejon record nor p. 510, pi. 39, figs. 5a, 5b, from near Oro-

ville, California.

Not Natica globosa King. Zool. Journ. Vol, 5, 1830-1831, p. 344,
Not Natica globosa Jeffreys, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1885, p. 33,

Dickerson probably did not intend to record this species
from the type locality of the Tejon Group, since he has
not listed it in any of his formal tables of this fauna. Speci-
mens in the collections of the Academy of Sciences from
Loc, 244 (C, A. S. Coll.) labelled A^. globosa in his hand-

.^ffTF'^

118 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

writing, are clearly Natica hornii. Nevertheless, on p. 442
he included globosa as a species that is "entirely typical of
the Tejon", and says that it "has been reported from the
T)^e Tejon of Grapevine Creek". He has not stated
where it is so reported, nor have we found any specimens
of the species in any of the collections from there.

89. [Ampullina andersoni (Dickerson)]

Amauropsis andersoni DickersoNj Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 4,
1914, p. 120, pi. 12, figs. 2a and 2b; Glide, Douglas County, Oregon,
Loc. 25 (C. A, S. Coll.). — Not of Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc.
4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, p. 43; Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.) and Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol, Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 448, Type Tejon records.

This species was described from the Eocene deposits of
the Roseburg Quadrangle, Oregon, and an inspection of the
type and other specimens of the same species in the collec-
tions of the Academy of Sciences shows that it belongs to
the genus Ampullina, and not that to which it was referred
by Dickerson. It does not seem to have been found in the
Tejon Group at the type locality, although Dickerson re-
corded it from there in three separate places, as above cited.
We have been unable to find any specimen from there that
even resembles generically the very distinct Oregon species.
Specimens in the Academy of Sciences collections from Loc.
245 (C. A. S. Coll.) labelled Amauropsis andersoni Dick-
erson, are unmistakably referable to A. alveata (Conrad),
under which name the subject Is more fully treated.

90. [Ampullina hannibali (Dickerson)]

Natica hannibali Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th sen. Vol. 4, 1914,
p. 119, pi. 12, figs. 5a and 5b, Loc. 25 (C. A. S. ColL), near Glide,
Douglas County, Oregon. — Not of Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc.
4th sen, Vol. 5, 1915, p. 44, and Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916,
pp. 421, 433, 439, 451, Type Tejon records.

The type of this species came from the Umpqua River,
near Glide, Oregon, and was obtained by the senior author
in 1904, along with many other specimens of the same. It
is clearly an Ampullina, and not a Natica. Dickerson has
listed the species in the fauna of the Type Tejon Group on

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE ng

the basis of its supposed occurrence on Salt Creek, Kern
County, but we have been unable to find any specimens of it
in the collections from this place, which are numbered. He
did not figure a specimen from there, but selected instead
one from near Salt Creek, Fresno County, and this is a
distinct species with which we are not now concerned. ^^°
However, the possible occurrence of older Eocene strata,
unconformably below the Type Tejon, on Salt Creek in Kern
County, should not be overlooked, and these beds could con-
tain species not found in the Tejon itself. As Dickerson has
furnished no evidence that this species belongs to the Type
Tejon Group, we do not feel inclined to admit that it should
be so listed, and therefore have omitted it from our list of
the fauna.

91. Amauropsis alveata (Conrad)
Plate 6, figure 2; plate 7, figure 1; plate 15, figure 17

Natica alveata Conrad, House Doc. 129, Proj. Vol. 3, 33d Congress, 1st.
Sess. 1855, p. 10, App. to Rep. W. P. Blake, — Natica alveata Conrad,
Pac. R. R. Repts. Vol. 5, 1857, p. 321, pi. 2, figs. 8 and 8a; Canada de
las Uvas, Type Tejon. — Carpenter, Rept. Brit. Ass. Ad. Sci. 1864,
p. 589; also Smith. Misc. Coll. 252, 1872, p. 75.

Amauropsis alveata (Conrad), Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864,
pp. 110, 225, pi. 19, fig. 59; not pi. 21, fig. Ill, from northeast of
Martinez. — Conrad, Araer. Jour. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p. 363. — Gabb,
Amer. Jour. Conch. Vol. 2, 1866, p. 90. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci.
Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 43, 49, 51; Type Tejon records; (not
pi. V, fig. 9.) —Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp.
368, 421, 432, 438, 448; Type Tejon records; (not p. 508, pi. 38, fig. 7,
from Loc. 672 (U. C. Coll.), northwest of Coalinga.)

Lunatia ? alveata (Conrad), Amer. Journ. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p. 26.

Globularia alveata Conrad, Amer. Jour. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p. 363.

Euspira alveata (Conrad), Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p.
160, Type Tejon records. — Cooper Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept.
1888, p. 281, Type Tejon records. — Arnold, {Enspira by err.) U. S.
Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 15, Type Tejon records.

Amauropsis alocata (Gabb), Arnold, Op. cit. p. 14, (probably typ. err.)
Ampullina alveata Conrad, Amer, Jour. Conch. Vol. 2, 1866, p. 100.

Amauropsis andersoni Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5,
1915, p. 43; Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), Type Tejon record.— Dickerson,
Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol, Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 448, Type Tejon records.

1"° Opt. cit. p. 508, pi. 38, figs. 9a and 9b'.

120 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papsm.

This species is very abundant at the type locality of the
Tejon Group and is well illustrated by both Conrad and
Gabb. Dickerson has figured a specimen without comment
or statement of locality, which, if it is properly referred to
this species, is at least not true to form.^^^ Our figures are
here introduced to show the aperture and young stages of
the shell, in specimens obtained from Loc. 711 (C, A. S.
Coll.) in Grapevine Canyon, Kern County, California.
These features have not been previously illustrated. In this
species the two nuclear whorls are smooth; those following
are usually striated spirally, the sculpture consisting of
broad flat threads with narrow channels between. In older
shells this feature is variable, but is finally entirely lost, per-
haps by being eroded away, due to the burrowing habits of
the animal. From the same cause also the sharply angu-
lated shoulder, developed after the sixth whorl, becomes
rounded, and the nuclear whorls are worn away. In the
younger shells the umbilicus is partly open.

92. Sinum coryliforme Anderson & Hanna, new species
Plate 9, figure 10; plate 10, figure IS; plate 15, figure 8

Naticina obliqua Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 109, and
225, Type Tejon records; not pi. 21, fig. 112.— Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat
Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 303.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2,
1869, p. 223, Type Tejon records. — Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.
Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, pp. 198, 208, 213. = Sigaretus.— Cooper, Calif.
State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 287.— Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv.
Prof. Ppr, No. 47, 1906, p. 15. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th
Sen Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 44, 50, 51, Type Tejon records, but not pi. 5, figs.
5a and 5b, from the Covylitz Group, Washington.— Dickerson, Univ.
Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 427, 433, 439, 442, 450, Type
Tejon records.

Sigaretus obliqua Gabb, Dall, Trans. Wag. Free Inst. Sci. Vol. 3, Pt. 2,
1892, p. 380.

Sinum (Genus) Bolten, Dall, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. No. 59, 1909, p. 91.

Shell depressed, thin, whorls about four; two or more
nuclear whorls smooth, changing abruptly to spiral stria-
tions; spiral sculpture consisting of flat-topped, wavy threads,
separated by interspaces almost equal to their width; each

"iQp. cit. pi. v, fig. 9.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE \2\

interspace containing one to three minute intermediary lines;
suture linear, depressed near the aperture; body whorl
swollen a little below the suture; umbilicus small, partially
covered by the expanded callus of the inner lip; aperture
ovate, narrow above, rounded below.

Type: No. 851; paratypes, Nos. 852, 853 and 971, Mus.
Calif. Acad. Scl., collected at Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Live
Oak Canyon, Kern County, California, by Bruce G. Martin;
Type Tejon Eocene.

In Gabb's species the outline of the body whorl is straight,
or concave, near the suture, while in ours the outline is
decidedly convex, this character being constant in a large
series of specimens. Moreover, Gabb's species is higher,
with a less enveloped spire, has a more rounded aperture
and a wider umbilicus. In all the specimens of our species
the spiral sculpture is much finer than that shown by Gabb's
figures; these appear to have been made from a distinct
species, probably from near Martinez, and of which no
specimens have been seen in the collections from the type
locality of the Tejon Group.

We follow Dall in placing these shells in the genus Sinum,
rather than in Naticina or Sigaretus where they have usually
appeared heretofore.

93. Calyptraea excentrica (Gabb)

Galerus excentricus Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 136, pi.
20, fig. 95, and pi. 29, figs. 232 and 232a; five localities are listed for
this species, including Martinez and the type locality of the Tejon. —
Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol, 3, 1867, p. 303.— Gabb, Geol.
Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 228.— Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.
Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, pp. 198, 203.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol.
Vol. 7, 1913, p. 264.

Calyptreea excentrica (Gabb), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th ser,
Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 43, 51, and 49; Type Tejon records. — Dickerson,
Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 426, 432, 438, 449; Type
Tejon records.

In the original description of this species the first locality
mentioned was northeast of Martinez, and the figure on
plate 20 looks as if the specimen had come from that place;

J22 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

the drawing seems to have been made from a cast. The
figures on plate 29 are better, and the fossils may have come
from the locality of the Type Tejon; they correspond well
with examples obtained there by ourselves. At any rate
we have 40 specimens of the species from Live Oak Canyon,
where it is very abundant, and the variation among them
is sufficient to include all the forms figured by Gabb. It
seems likely that this species may occur in both the Mar-
tinez and Tejon Groups at their type localities.

94. [Crepidula inornata Dickerson]

Crepidula inornata Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Gcol. Vol. IX, 1916, p.
489, pi. 38, figs. 5a and 5b, Loc. 672 (U. C. Coll.), north of Coalinga;
(not p. 432, Type Tejon record.)

The type locality of this minute species is not that of the
Type Tejon Group, but in beds that are probably older.
We have not found it in any of the Tejon collections and
since the author did not include it in his formal lists from
there on pp. 421 and 448, we must suppose that the record
of it at the place above cited was unintentional.

95. Crepidula pileum (Gabb)

Plate 13, figure 7

Crypta (Spirocrypta) pileum Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp.
137, 228, pi. 29, figs. 233, 233a and 233b.

Spirocrypta pileum Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 303. —
S. pileum Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 228. — Heilprin,
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, pp. 198, 203.— Cooper, Calif.
State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 291. — Arnold, U. S. Geo!. Surv.
Prof. Ppr. No. 47, 1906, p. 15.

Crepidula pileum (Gabb), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol.
5, 1915, pp. 43, 49, 51, Type Tejon records. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 438, Type Tejon records.

This species was described from the type locality of the
Tejon Group and was made the type of the subgenus Spiro-
crypta. Tryon, however, has considered the group of little
systematic value, ^^^ and in this view we concur. Dickerson

'=2 Man. Conch. Vol. 8, 1886, p. 104.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 123

recorded the species from Locs. 244 and 245 (C. A. S.
Coll.), of the Type Tejon, and we have many good exam-
ples from the same places; among them a considerable
amount of variation is shown, as might be expected in the
genus. A specimen from Loc. 245 is 50 mm. long, and of
decidedly different form from any of the others. It may be
a distinct species, but is too imperfect for description. C.
pileiim rarely has a length of more than 19 mm., and smaller
ones are more abundant.

96. Architectonica hornii Gabb
Plate 8, figure 2; plate 9, figure 1

Architectonica hornii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 117, pi.
29, figs. 224 and 224a ; Type Tejon locality. — Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Proc. Vol. Ill, 1867, p. 303.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2,
1869, p. 224.— Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p.
198. — Cooper, Calif. St. Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 275. — Harris,
Science, Vol. 22, Aug. 18, 1893, p. 97 ; ^=^ Solarium amcenum Conrad of
Claiborne age. — Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. No. 47, 1906, p.
14. — DiCKERSON, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th sen, Vol. 5, 1915, p. 43;
listed from Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Type Tejon. — Dickerson, Univ.
Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 426 (as A. cf. hornii,), 427,
432, and 448 ; all Type Tejon records.

Architectonica cognata Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 224. —
Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 303.— Heilprin,
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 193.— Cooper, Calif. St. Min.
7th Ann, Rept. 1888, p. 275.— Harris, Science, Vol. 22, Aug. 18, 1893,
p. 97; stated the species is Solarium alveatum Conrad. — Arnold, U. S.
Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. No. 47, 1906, p. 14.— Dickerson, Calif. Acad.
Sci. Proc. 4th sen Vol. 5, 1915, p. 43.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ.
Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 448. All of the above pertain to records of
the species from the Type Tejon Group. (Not of Gabb, Geol. Surv.
Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 117, pi. 20, figs. 72. 72a, b, c, from
Bull's Head Point, Martinez.)

This species was described by Gabb from the type locality
of the Tejon Group, where it occurs frequently. Mr. Bruce
G. Martin obtained several good specimens of it at Loc. 244
(C. A. S. Coll.). The largest one is 15.4 mm. in diameter,
and although its spire is broken it is 10 mm. in altitude. The
spire is slightly dome-shaped, and has an apical angle of

J24 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papbrs.

98°. Gabb's figure shows a larger angle than this, and may
be taken as showing the extremes of variation in this respect,
though his specimen was undoubtedly younger and less ma-
ture than ours.

Although Architectonica cognata has been repeatedly
listed from the Type Tejon we have seen no undoubted
specimens of it from there. It is believed that casts of
A. hornii may have been mistaken for it originally and the
remaining records are repetition.

97. [Epitonium tejonense Dickerson]

Epitonimn tejonensis Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geo!. Vol. 9, 1916, p.
491, pi. 38, fig. 4, Loc. 672 (U. C. Coll.), Parson's Peak, Fresno
County, Calif.

(?) Not Epitonium n. sp., Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol.
5, 1915, p. 43, Type Tejon record.

(?) Not Epitonium tejonensis Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9,
1916, pp. 420, 433, 449, Type Tejon records.

Dickerson stated that his record (and description) is the
"first time this genus has been reported from the Eocene of
the Pacific slope". It may be pointed out, however, that
neither his figure nor his description of the specimen referred
to this genus afford a very satisfactory basis for a generic
determination. The record of the form, whatever the genus,
occurring in the Tejon Group at the type locality is based
apparently upon two imperfect specimens from Loc. 244
(C. A. S. Coll.) which are not generically identifiable, al-
though they have a general resemblance to Dickerson's
figure and type. The data at present available is too meager
to warrant including the species, as named, in the fauna of
the Type Tejon with which we are now dealing. As to the
locality of "Parson's Peak", Loc. 672 (U. C. Coll.), these
beds have not yet been proved to belong to the horizon of
the Tejon at its type locality, and they may be older. It is
therefore regrettable that this name has been used for any
species not actually obtained from the type locality of the
group or its equivalent, since it is likely to be misleading.
Such usage is of course based only upon an assumption that
may not prove to be correct upon further study.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE J25

98. Turritella sargeanti Anderson & Hanna, new name

Turritella wvasana Conrad, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th sen, Vol.
5, 1915, pi. V, figs, lb, Ic, and 3, Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Live Oak
Canyon, Kern County, Calif.

Turritella uvasana bicarinata Dickerson, above cit. pp. 44, 58, pi. 5, fig. 2,
Loc. 244, (C. A. S. Coll.), same as above. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 452; Type Tejon records.

Not T. bicarinata Eichvpald, 1830; PuscH, 1836 or Andrz., 1837; see Bronn
& Roemer, Lethaea Geognostica, Vol. Ill, 1853-56, p. 490.

Turritella wvasana tricarinata Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. 4th ser.. Vol. 5,
1915, pp. 44, 58, pi. 5, fig. 4, Loc. 244, (C. A. S. Coll.) same as above.—
Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 453, Type
Tejon records.

Not T. tricarinata King, Zool. Jour. Vol. 5, 1830-31, p. 346, Valparaiso,
Chile; see Tryon, Man. Conch. Vol. 8, 1886, p. 254.

The usual form of Turritella in the type locality of the
Tejon Group is angulated on the whorls, the spiral threads
of which number five to seven; this number decreases as the
whorls increase in size, which is not the case in T. uvasana
Conrad. In T. sargeanti the threads are higher and sharper,
as well as coarser than in T. uvasana, and less uniformly
spaced. Dickerson's varietal forms, T. bicarinata, and T.
tricarinata, intergrade, and represent the same species, as
described above. Conrad's name cannot be applied to this
species, and both of Dickerson's are preoccupied. We have
therefore named the species for Mr. W. W. Sargeant,
Secretary of the California Academy of Sciences. Dicker-
son's varieties can not be distinguished, since some specimens
have been found with both forms of sculpture on a single
individual.

Type: No. 284, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected at Loc.
244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Live Oak Creek, Kern County, California,
by Bruce G. Martin. The specimen was figured by Dicker-
son, (first citation above, fig. Ic).

99. [Turritella buwaldana Dickerson]

Turritella buivaldana Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p.
500, pi. 42, figs. 7a and 7b, Loc. 672 (U. C. CoU.) north of Coalinga,
Calif.; not pp. 421, 434, 439, 453; Type Tejon records.

J 26 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

Although this species has been hsted as occurring in the
strata of the Tejon Group at its type locality, it was not
described from there, and no specimens have been found
which enable us to corroborate its occurrence.

100. [Turritella kewi Dickerson]

Turritella kevjt Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 501, pi.
42, fig. 8a; not pp. 421, 434, 453; Type Tejon records. (The text and
explanation refer to fig. 8, which is an error, fig. 8a being intended.)

This species was described from Loc. 672 (U. C. Coll.)
north of Coalinga, and the same remarks apply to it as to the
preceding species. Two specimens bearing the number 452
have been found in the collections of the University of
California, but the matrix rock is that of Loc. 672 (U. C.
Coll.) ; a note on the label in Dickerson's hanciwriting refers
to Loc. 672 (U. C. Coll.), and the specimens probably
came from this latter place. This fact naturally throws
doubt upon their occurrence at the Tejon locality. But
among all the collections examined by us from the strata of
the Type Tejon of Kern County not a single specimen cor-
responds to the species described as T. kewi.

101. Turritella uvasana Conrad

Plate 11, figures 5, 6; plate 12, figure 9

Turritella uvasana Conrad, House Doc. 129, Proj. Vol. 3, 33d Congress, 1st.
Sess. 1855, p. 10, App. to Rep. W. P. Blake.— Conrad, Pac. R. R. Repts.
Vol. 5, 1857, p. 321, pi. 2, fig. 12.— Carpenter, Kept. Brit. Ass. Ad.
Sci. 1864, p. 589; also Smith. Misc. Coll. 252, 1872, p. 75.— Gabb, Geol.
Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 134, 227; Type Tejon records; per-
haps not pi. 21, fig. 92, Bull's Head Point, near Martinez; Vol. 2,
1869, p. 228; Type Tejon record. — Conrad, Am. Jour. Conch. Vol. 1,
1865, pp. 32, 363.— Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p.
295.— Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th ser., Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 44,
50, 51; Type Tejon records; not pi. 5, figs, la, lb, Ic, nor 3. — Dick-
erson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 434, 439, 452;
Type Tejon records; not pi. 42, fig. 6; Loc. 672 (U. C. Coll.), north of
Coalinga, California.

Our discovery of a large number of specimens at the type
locality of the Tejon Group, and at Conrad's type locality
of this species, which agree with his meager description and

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE |27

poor figure better than any others heretofore collected there
or elsewhere, has enabled us to offer a better figure and
description of the same. Of the two species which occur
there, it now appears that Conrad had the rarer one, with
rounded whorls, with finer, more numerous, and regular
spiral threads ornamenting the whorls, and with a long and
very tapering spire. The specimen figured by Gabb, while
it resembles Conrad's in some respects, came from near
Martinez, and has a smaller number of spiral threads on the
whorls. No specimens agreeing with Gabb's figure have
been found by us in any of the collections, from the type
locality of the Tejon Group. The more usual forms are the
ones Dickerson has referred to Conrad's species as sub-
species, but an inspection of Conrad's figure and description
makes it evident that the strongly bicarinate or tricarinate
forms do not represent his form.

The largest pleisotype of T. iivasana Conrad, as here
described, is 81 mm. in altitude, with about 17 mm. missing
from the apex; diameter, 20 mm. The total number of
whorls in the complete shell is about 20; the upper ones
are sharply threaded with only two or three lines, but about
the eighth whorl below, these increase in number until there
are eight or more on each whorl, alternating greater and
smaller as stated by Conrad. The aperture is rounded and
not axially elongated as in Gabb's figure. This species is
closely allied to T. terebellata Lamarck, as figured by Coss-
man and Pissaro,^^-^ and seems to have an analogue in the
Cowlitz Group of Washington, as described by Weaver and
Palmer.124

102. ["Turritella n. sp." Dickerson]

Turrhella n. sp. Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th ser., Vol. 5, 1915,
pp. 44, 50, 51; Type Tejon records.

The above name is repeated in the text, and in one place
it is recorded from Loc. 452 (U. C. Coll.). We have no
means of knowing the species the author had in view in
these records, but like many others they must be consid-
ered, if only for completeness, in this report.

- -- ■' ■ ' ' —4

>2'Icon. Vol. 2, 1913, pi. 20, fig. 12S-1.

is^Univ. Wash. Publ. Geol. Vol. 1, No. 3, 1922, p. 33, pi. 12, fig. 17.

128 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papsrs.

103. ["Spiroglyphus ? tejonensis" Arnold]

Spiroglyphus ? tejonensis Arnold, U, S. Geol. Serv. Bull. 396, 1909, p. 51,
pi. 4, fig. 18, Little Tar Canyon, Kings County, and north of Coalinga,
California. (Not Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5,
1915, p. 44, and Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 439, 452,
Type Tejon records). — Not S. tejonensis, Dickerson, above cit. pi. 37,
figs. 5a and Sb, locality not given and not stated on the label of the
specimen as preserved in the collection of the University of California.

This species was described from strata in the Mount
Diablo Range which may be of older age than the Tejon
Group, and as far as we have been able to ascertain it has
never been found in the type locality of the same, although
it has been repeatedly recorded from there. However, in
only one case has the record referred to definite material;
Dickerson recorded it from Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), in
the first citation above, but no specimens so labelled, or
without labels, have been found in the collections from this
locality. The specimens figured by Dickerson, '^^ do not ap-
pear to have come from the Type Tejon.

104. Niso pistiliformis Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 8, figure 15

Niso polita Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 225, and Vol. 2, 1869,
p. 224, Type Tejon records.— (Not Vol. 1, 1864, p. 116, pi. 21, fig. 113,
from Div. B, northeast of Martinez, which is a distinct species.)

Niso polito (typ. err.) Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 7, 1913.
p. 264, — Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, pp.
50 and 51, Type Tejon records.

This species which is quite distinct from that described
by Gabb from near Martinez, is perhaps the basis for all of
the records of the latter in the Type Tejon Group. In
pistiliformis the apical angle is much larger (26°) than in
polita (17°) and the spire is accordingly lower. In the
former, whorls number about 10, sides flat, suture but little
impressed, not channeled as in Pyramtdella; body whorl
obtusely angled around the base; umbilicus one-fifth the width
of the basal whorl, deeply rimate, bounded on the outside by
an angulation; surface polished, lines of growth very weak,
the incised lines irregularly spaced, extending from suture to

'" PI. 37, figs. 5a and 5b, of his last paper.

March 18, 1925

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE |29

suture and on the base as well, slightly oblique to the axis;
aperture unarmed; altitude 10 mm.; diameter 4.6 mm.

Type: No. 841, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected by
Bruce G. Martin at Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.) in Live Oak
Creek, Kern County, California; Type Tejon Eocene.

Gabb did not record A^. polita as occurring at Tejon in
the original description, but stated that it was based upon
four specimens from near Martinez. His figure shows a
much more acutely pointed shell, with the suture lines slop-
ing at a steeper angle, and a correspondingly longer whorl,
than is the case with our species. Dickerson stated in one
place that it is a "characteristic and most abundant species"
of the Type Tejon, etc., in addition to misspelling the name
in most cases. Nevertheless, he omitted it from all of his
later and more formal lists of the Tejon fauna where it
should have appeared if he had really found it there. So
far as our observations go the genus as well as the species
is rare in the Tejon and Gabb's form does not occur there.

105. Turbonilla gesteri Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 11, figure 10

Shell large, conical, sides of spire straight; apical angle
acute; fifteen post-nuclear, flat sided whorls; nucleus missing;
suture deeply impressed; junction of spire with base of body
whorl rounded; spiral sculpture absent; all post nuclear
whorls ornamented with coarse, rounded, axial ribs which are
slightly curved and "protractive"^^'' on the lower ends; these
ribs extend from suture to suture and to the basal angle of
the body whorl, on which there are 25; the interspaces are
rounded depressions equal in width to the ribs; aperture
pointed above and apparently rounded below; columella
heavily calloused, straight, with a deeply channeled groove
at its juncture with the body whorl; altitude, 11,5 mm.;
diameter, 3.0 mm.

Type: No. 955, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected by Mr,
G. C. Gester in Live Oak Creek, Kern County, California;
Type Tejon Eocene.

^"' The terminology used in the description of Pyraraidellids is that devised by
Bartsch; U. S. Nat Mus. Bull. 68, 1909, p. 7.

230 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIEMCBS [Oc. Papers.

This species is fairly common in many strata of Live Oak
Creek, but the specimens are usually injured in removal
from the matrix. Mr. Gester was fortunate in finding a
place where many small forms had weathered out and were
preserved in almost perfect condition. It was upon some
imperfect specimens of this species that Dickerson based
his record of Terebra caUfornica in the Type Tejon strata
if we may trust the labels he placed with the specimens.
The species does not appear to fit readily into any of the
groups of the genus Turbonilla as defined by Bartsch, but
agrees nearer with Pyrgolampros than any other of the
living forms. If a new group were defined for it a dis-
tinctive character would probably be the deep channel at the
juncture of the colum.ella and the basal wall. The curvature
of the axis in the type specimen is apparently due to pressure,
as this condition was not observed in other specimens of the
species that were obtained from the same beds.

106. Turbonilla kernensis Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 14, figure 8

Shell small, conical, sides of spire straight; apical angle
23°; whorls five in the type, (original number about eleven) ;
sides of whorls flat; suture deeply impressed, but not chan-
neled; spiral sculpture absent; body whorl with 15 verti-
cal, axial, rounded ribs; on the upper whorls these extend
from suture to suture, and on the body whorl to the basal
angle; interspaces somewhat wider than the ribs, and deepest
in the center of the whorl, making each interspace a concave
depression which slopes toward the suture on each side;
aperture rounded below, pointed above, with a lamellar
plication at the juncture of the columella and the body whorl;
altitude, 2.4 mm.; (originally about 3.75 mm.;) diameter,
0.9 mm.

Type: No. 983, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci. ; collected by G.
D. Hanna and M. A. Hanna at Loc. 711 (C. A. S. Coll.),
Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California, June, 1921 ; Type
Tejon Eocene.

This small species clearly belongs to the subgenus Tur-
bonilla s. s., as defined by Bartsch. ^^^ It occurs not infre-

1=8 U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 68, 1909, p. 29, etc.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND H ANN A— TYPE TEJON EOCENE 131

quently in some of the harder layers of the Type Tejon
strata, although the type specimen was the only one success-
fully extracted from the matrix.

107. Melanella acuella Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 14, figure 1

Shell small, smooth and polished; spire very slender and
pointed, whorls about nine, (the basal whorl only remaining
in the type specimen) sides entirely flat; suture not im-
pressed; apical angle, 22°; aperture very slender and pointed
above, rounded below. Altitude, 2 mm. (originally about
3 mm.) ; diameter, 0.8 mm.

Type: No. 977, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected by G.
D. Hanna and M. A. Hanna at Loc. 711 (C. A. S. Call.),
Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California, June, 1921 ; Type
Tejon Eocene.

Only a single specimen of this species was found.
Bartsch^^^ has separated Melanella and Strombiformis by the
presence of color markings in the latter; the shape of the
members of the two genera seems to intergrade completely.
The fossil forms, therefore, lacking color, must necessarily
fall into the genus Melanella.

108. Alvania vinosula Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 14, figures 5, 6

Shell small, conical, sides of spire slightly convex; apical
angle, 6S°; whorls five, convex; suture deeply impressed;
nucleus composed of about two smooth whorls; remainder
of shell heavily sculptured, but with no definite line of de-
markation between; body whorl with 17 heavy, axial, slightly
oblique ribs, which extend around the periphery and to the
imperforate umbilical region; a slight constriction just be-
neath the suture, scarcely more than an indentation on the
ribs; on the upper whorls the ribs extend from suture to
suture; ribs rounded on top, and separated by concave inter-
spaces much wider than themselves; interspaces marked by

"»Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. S3, 1917, p. 302.

J 32 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

spiral threads smaller than the ribs; spiral sculpture heaviest
on the body whorl on which it covers the base as well as the
sides; aperture rounded, slightly elliptical; outer wall heav-
ily calloused on the outside; peristome continuous on the
parietal wall, but closely appressed; length of shell, 1.6 mm.;
diameter, 1 mm.

Type: No. 981, paratype. No. 982, Mus. Calif. Acad.
Sci.; collected by G. D. Hanna and M. A. Hanna at Loc.
711 (C. A. S. Coll.), Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California,
June, 1921 ; Type Tejon Eocene.

The species is abundant in some of the harder layers of
sandstone at the locality where it was found. Usually the
shells are easily extracted from the matrix without injury.
Some variation in the spiral sculpture of the shell and in the
subsutural constriction, was noted in the series obtained; in
the extreme cases the part of the ribs above the constriction
becomes blunt spines as shown in the paratype figured.
Among the recent species, this one resembles A. profundicola
Bartsch^^° more than any other of the west American forms.
We have followed that author in the use of the name Alvania
although Iredale has indicated that it should be rejected.^^^
The generic nomenclature in the family Rissoidae seems to
be in a state of great confusion.

109. Odostomia insignifica Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 14, figure 2

Shell small, with conical spire, sides straight; apical angle
25°; whorls about six (apex of the type missing) ; base of
the body whorl obtusely angled; suture having a V-shaped
channel or groove; sculpture consisting only of lines of
growth; imperforate; aperture semi-elliptical; altitude of
type, 2.3 mm. (originally about 2.75 mm.) ; diameter,
1.2 mm.

Type: No. 978, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected by G.
D. Hanna and M. A. Hanna at Loc. 711 (C. A. S. Coll.),
Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California, June, 1921 ; Type
Tejon Eocene.

""U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 41, 1912, p. 345, pi. 30, fig. 5.
"1 Trans. New Zealand Inst. Vol. 47, 1915, p. 450.

Vol. XI] ANDERSOM AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 133

This small unomamented species has few characters to
distinguish it from some others, particularly of the living
fauna belonging to the west coast, such as O. mammillata
Carpenter. ^^^

The straight||-sided whorls suggest some species of
Melanella, but the apical angle is greater than is usual in
that genus, and the surface does not seem to have been pol-
ished in our specimens; the slightly grooved suture seems to
be decisive, however, and places it definitely in the genus
Odostomia.

110. Pyramidella slevini Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 14, figures 3, 4

Shell small, spire conical, sides slightly convex, composed
of five straight sided, post-nuclear whorls; nucleus composed
of about two smooth whorls, with the axis at right angles
to the axis of the remainder of the shell; suture well marked,
but not channeled; the shell substance elevated into an indis-
tinct ridge just beneath the suture; surface marked only
with very faint lines of growth; aperture ovate, with a strong
plication at the lower juncture of the basal wall with the
body whorl; peristome simple, bearing on its inner surface
two low rounded ridges, and beneath these an indistinct
short one which does not extend far within the shell; alti-
tude, 2.1 mm.; diameter, 1.0 mm.

Type: No. 979; paratype No. 980, Mus. Calif. Acad.
Sci.; collected by G. D. Hanna and M. A. Hanna at Loc.
711 (C. A. S. Coll.), Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California,
June, 1921 ; Type Tejon Eocene.

This species belongs to the subgenus Syrnola as described
by Dall and Bartsch.^^^ It is found frequently in some of
the harder sandstones at the type locality. It is similar in
size and form to some of the smooth forms of Odostomia,
but the presence of the internal lamallse on the outer wall
seems to place it definitely in the genus Pyramidella.

Named for Mr. Joseph R. Slevin, Herpetologist of the
California Academy of Sciences, who accompanied Mr.

"2 See Dall and Bartsch, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 68, 1909, p. 233, pi. 30, fig. 8.
"' Bull. 68, U. S. Nat. Mus. 1909.

134 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papbks.

Bruce Martin in 1914 when extensive Type Tejon collec-
tions were made.

111. Pyramidella fremonti Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 15, figures 4, 5

Shell very long and slender, length about 10 mm.; whorls
about 12, as judged by those remaining in type, having
slightly rounded sides ; suture well marked but not channeled ;
surface marked by faint growth stride, and about 17 well
marked, incised spiral grooves on body whorl; aperture long
and slender, with a small plication at the junction of the
columellar wall with the outer whorl; altitude of type, (not
complete) 5.1 mm.; diameter, 2.0 mm.

Type: No. 969; paratype No. 970, Mus. Calif. Acad.
Sci. ; collected by G. D. Hanna and M, A. Hanna at Loc.
711 (C. A. S. Coll.), in Grapevine Creek, Kern County, Cali-
fornia, June, 1921 ; Type Tejon Eocene.

This species appears to belong to the subgenus Syrnola
Dall and Bartsch,^^'* the type of which is Syrnola densi-
striata Garrett."^ The paratype here figured is somewhat
distorted due to injury in removing from the matrix and
subsequent repair; the surface markings are very similar to
those of the type and it has been on the basis of these that
the identification has been made. The differences in propor-
tion, however, may necessitate the making of two species
when better material shall have been collected.

112. Pyramidella mucronis Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 8, figure 17

Odostomia n. sp. Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915,
pp. 44 and 50, Type Tejon records. Not p. 86, pi. 5, figs. 10a and
10b, from the Cowlitz Group, W^ashington.

Odostomia sp. a, Dickerson, Above cit. p. 44, Type Tejon record. — Dick-
erson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421 and 451, Type
Tejon records.

Odostomia packi Dickerson, above cit. pp. 421, 427, 433, 451, Type Tejon
records; not p. 496, pi. 37, fig. 11, from Rose Canyon, San Diego County.

"* Bull. 68 U. S. Nat. Mus. p. 10.

"«Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. 1873, p. 224, pi. 3, fig. 44.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE J 35

The type of this species has six whorls intact, about four
having been lost with the apex; sides of whorls straight,
suture channeled; apical angle 16°; base obtusely angulated
around the periphery; surface polished, but having minute
silky lines of growth, crossed by faint spiral striations of
about equal strength; sculpture on base same as on spire;
umbilicus minutely open, with base of shell angulated around
the opening; aperture lengthened axially; columella with two
spiral plications, the upper of which is the stronger; palatal
wall of the body whorl with two plications inside of about
equal strength; one of these follows the angulation on the
body whorl; the other is above and follows the center of
the whorl as a spiral; altitude of broken type, 9.0 mm.;
diameter, 4.3 mm.

Type: No. 850, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci. ; collected at Loc.
244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Live Oak Creek, Kern County, California,
by Bruce G. Martin; Type Tejon Eocene.

O. packi was described from near San Diego, and the type
was too fragmentary for the apertural characters to appear
in the figure. Dickerson stated that there were two plica-
tions on the columella and one on the outer wall, but his
figure shows very clearly that there are two on the outer
wall of the penultimate whorl; these were mistaken by
Weaver and Palmer for outside spiral striations."^ The
Cowlitz species referred by Dickerson to Odostomia, new
species, is now Pyramidella vaderensis of Weaver and
Palmer.

113. ["Cerithiopsis alternata" Gabb]

Cerithiopsis alternata Gabb, Geol. Survey. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 116,

pi. 21, figs. 114 and 114a, northeast of Martinez and Cochran's. — Gabb,

Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, p. 224.
Not C. alternata Gabb, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th ser. Vol. 5,

1915, p. 43, and Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 432, 438,

and 448, Type Tejon records.

C. alternata was described from near Martinez, and pre-
sumably came from the formation of that name. Dicker-
son's record of it from the type locality of the Tejon Group

i9«Univ. Wash. Publ. Geol. Vol. 1, No. 3, 1922, p. 29, etc.

235 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

was based upon a specimen alleged to have come from Loc.
452 (U. C. Coll.), but a search of the collection from that
point has failed to disclose any specimen which can be iden-
tified with Gabb's species.

114. ["Potamides sp." Dickerson]

Potam'tdes sp. Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. V, 1915,
p. 44, Type Tejon record. — Potamides sp. Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ.
Geol. Vol. IX, 1916, pp. 421, 451, Type Tejon records, Loc. 244, (C.
A. S. Coll.).

The collections from Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.) contain
a single fragmentary specimen which may belong to this
genus, to which certain species in the west coast Tertiary
faunas have heretofore been referred. It is not sufficiently
complete for specific determination, and the record, there-
fore, is omitted from our list of species until better material
can be obtained.

115. Teinostoma profunda Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 14, figure 10; plate 15, figures 9, 11, 16

Shell resembling Vitrinella in form, spire rounded, com-
pletely enveloped and calloused over; boundary of the last
whorl marked by a slight indentation on the top of the shell;
aperture circular; peristome not thickened, sinuous axially,
oblique and continuous over the parietal wall; umbilical
region covered by a separate callous deposit with distinct
boundary, and marked by faint spiral striations; elsewhere
the sculpture is entirely obscured; altitude 1.2 mm.; diameter
2.4 mm.

Type: No. 973; paratype, No. 974, Mus. Calif. Acad.
Sci. ; collected by G. D. Hanna and M. A. Hanna at Loc.
711 (C. A. S. Coll.), Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California,
June, 1921 ; Type Tejon Eocene.

116. Teinostoma ? exoleta Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 15, figures 12, 13

Shell like Vitrinella in form, spire low and rounded;
whorls about four, very slightly convex; suture well marked,

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE I37

but not deeply impressed; a slight concave depression just
beneath the suture of the last whorl; sculpture consisting
only of very fine incremental lines of growth; aperture ex-
panded, circular, very heavily calloused in the umbilical re-
gion, but peristome simple elsewhere; umbilicus slightly per-
forate; altitude 1.4 mm.; diameter, 2.5 mm.

Type: No. 975; paratype, No. 976, Mus. Calif. Acad.
Sci. ; collected by G, D. Hanna and M. A. Hanna at Loc.
711 (C. A. S. Coll.), Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California,
June, 1921; Type Tejon Eocene.

This species was not found in abundance, and only two
specimens were successfully extracted without injury from
the hard matrix rock. With the collections and literature
available for study, it was not possible to determine posi-
tively the generic position of the species. The uncovered
spire would appear to separate it generically from T. pro-
funda with which it was associated, but it is more closely
related to that group than to the widely umbilicated Fit-
rinellas.

117. Solariella enamellata Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate IS, figures 10, 14-

Shell small, with diameter and height of spire nearly
equal; whorls five, the upper two being without sculpture;
body whorl biangulate, the upper angulation marking the
boundary of a shoulder in an angle of 105°; the tabular
shoulder meeting the next whorl nearly at right angles; the
shoulder bearing one beaded cord; the peripheral zone be-
tween the shoulder and the basal angle almost flat, with six
or more raised spiral threads, and with a raised line below
the last; base of whorl almost flat, and bearing nine or more
low, rounded, spiral threads with narrow interspaces; umbili-
cus wide, bordered by an angulation between it and the base
of the shell, marked by 18 rounded beads on the portion
preserved in the type specimen; interior of umbilicus marked
by coarse spiral sculpture similar to that on the base of the
shell; spiral sculpture on the shoulder and outer wall of the
shell is slightly beaded, due to coarse and irregular lines of

J3Q CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papsrs.

growth. The surface of the entire shell is enamelled and
lustrous in the fossil specimen serving as the type.

Type: No. 972, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected by G.
D. Hanna and M. A. Hanna at Loc. 711 (C. A. S. Coll.), in
Grapevine Canyon, Kern County, California, June, 1921;
Type Tejon Eocene.

The genus Solariella is represented on the west coast by
several living forms, and one has been described from
the Cowlitz Group of southern Washington. The beautiful
preservation and enamelled surface in which the pearly luster
is still retained Is perhaps due to the hard, fine grained rock
in which it was embedded.

118. Vitrinella uvasula Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 14, figure 9

Shell small, vitreous, spire almost flat; whorls about four,
slightly convex; suture very lightly impressed; growth lines
conspicuous and Irregular on both upper and lower surface;
above and below the periphery of the body whorl are two
incised spiral grooves; aperture circular; peristome contin-
uous, thickened in the umbilical region, but not elsewhere;
umbilicus perforate; altitude, .7 mm.; diameter, 1.5 mm.

Type No. 984, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected by G.
D. Hanna and M. A. Hanna at Loc. 711 (C. A. S. Coll.), in
Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California, June, 1921 ; Type
Tejon Eocene.

The spiral markings and very lightly Impressed sutures
serve at once to distinguish this species from Teinostoma
profunda with which it was associated.

119. Acmaea tejonensis Gabb
Figure 5

Acmaa tejonensis Gabb, Geo!. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol, 2, 1869, pp. 172, 230,
pi. 28, fig. 56; genus questioned and the locality is given as that of the
Type Tejon Group.— Cooper, Calif. St. Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888,
p. 271.— Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. No, 47, 1906, p. 14,—
DiCKERSON, Univ, Calif, Publ, Geol. Vol, 9, 1916, p. 447.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE I39

Gabb's type specimen was evidently a young shell, only
8.5 mm. long. The only other specimen, so far as known,
that has been found was obtained from Loc. 245 (C. A. S.
Coll.) near the type locality, by Mr. Martin. It is an inter-

Fig. 5. Acmaa tejonensis Gabb; outlines of plesiotype No. 760 (C. A. S.
Coll.) from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group.

nal cast measuring 41.4 mm. in length, 28.9 mm. in width,
and 11.0 mm. in height. Although a positive identification
can rarely be made from a cast, it seems safe to assume that
this is Gabb's species.

120. [Scaphander costatus (Gabb)]

Cylichna costata Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 143, 229,
and pi. 21, fig. 107.— Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867,
p. 304.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 232.— Heilprin,
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, pp. 198, 200.— Cooper, Calif.
State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 280. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 7, 1913, p. 264. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc.
4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 43, 49, 51.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ.
Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 426, 432, 438, 449 .

The name, Cylichna costata, has been applied to nearly
all of the forms of opisthobranchiate mollusks of our west-
ern formations from the Upper Cretaceous through the
Eocene to the Tejon Group. This species, if such exists,
appears to be a composite form, based upon specimens from
more than one locality, Martinez being the first one men-
tioned; but it has been supposed to occur also in the Chico
Group of the Cretaceous deposits, as well as in the Tejon
Group of the Eocene.

Each of the above citations contains a reference to records
of it in the locality of the Type Tejon. Stanton has stated
that the specimens from the various localities, in the original
collections, were not kept separate, and he cites it as one

140 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papsrs.

of the few species that might well be expected to pass across
from the Cretaceous to the Tejon Group.

In view of the fact that there are few if any such wide
ranging species, it seems wisest to hold the identity of any
with suspicion until it is clearly demonstrated, and in this case
identity has not been so proved. The question as to whether
the specific name should be retained for any of the forms is
not a matter to be determined here, for the reason that no
such form has been found in the type locality of the Tejon
Group.

It seems to be impossible to determine at this date upon
what forms Gabb's description and figure were based, or
upon what his record of its occurrence at the type locality
of the Tejon Group was based. Most of the records of its
occurrence there since Gabb's time appear to have been
based upon his error. Dickerson, however, refers to speci-
mens of this species from Loc. 244, and 245 (C. A. S.
Coll.), and from Loc. 462 (U. C. Coll.), but a search of
these collections has failed to disclose any that are satis-
factorily covered by Gabb's figure and description. The
smaller species described in this paper as CylichneUa tantilla
is so distinct from Gabb's apparent composite representation
as scarcely to need comparison.

121. CylichneUa tantilla Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 7, figures 4, 8, 9

Shell small, spindle shaped, the ends tapering to almost
equally blunt points; apex narrowly umbilicate; outer lip
simple and straight; lower columellar wall having a very
low plication; umbilicus not perforate, and the area covered
by a slight expansion of the columella; surface uniformly
striated by narrow impressed lines, or about 50 narrow spiral
channels, or grooves in the surface of the shell; the ridges
between, relatively wide and fiat-topped; toward the aper-
ture there is a tendency for them to divide in older speci-
mens, so that the number of raised spiral lines increases
with the age of the individual. Length of type, 7.1 mm.;
diameter, 3.0 mm.

Type: No. 958; paratypes. No. 959 and No. 960, Mus.
Calif. Acad. Scl.; collected by G. D. Hanna and M. A.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE \^\

Hanna at Loc. 711 (C. A. S. Coll.) in Grapevine Canyon,
Kern County, California, June, 1921 ; Type Tejon Group.

This minute species cannot easily be confused with the
form described by Gabb as Cylichna costata, and here placed
in the genus. Scaphander. In addition to the three specimens
figured, the collection from Loc, 711 contains 24 others,
ranging in size from 1 mm. in length to that of the type,
which is the largest seen. The spiral markings on the smaller
specimens are difficult to discern except under favorable con-
ditions of magnification and light.

122. Bullaria hornii (Gabb)

Bulla hornii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 143, pi. 29, fig.
235.— Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 303.— Gabb,
Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol, 2, 1869, p. 232; type locality, near Fort
Tejon, Tejon Group. — Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol.
34, 1882, p. 198.— Meyer, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. 1884, p. 111.
Compared with Claiborne species. — Cooper, Calif. St. Min. 7th Ann.
Rept. 1888, p. 277.— Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. No. 47, 1906,
p. 14. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th ser. Vol. 5, 1915, p. 43;
locality, Salt Creek, west of Grapevine Canyon.

Bullaria hornii (Gabb), Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916,
pp. 421, 426, 432, and 442; Type Tejon records only.

This species was originally described from near Fort
Tejon, and it appears to belong there, although it is rare.
Dickerson recorded it from Salt Creek, a few miles west of
Grapevine Creek, Loc. 464 (U. C. Coll.), which may be
within the area of the Type Tejon, and also from Loc. 672
and Loc. 1817 (U. C. Coll.), both of which are clearly
outside of the type locality of the Tejon Group. We have
not checked the occurrence of the species outside of the
Type Tejon locality. The reference of shells belonging to
the old genus Bulla Linnaeus to Bidlaria Rafinesque is in
conformity with modern zoological usage. The change was
apparently first proposed in 1908.^^''

123. Acteon quercus Anderson & Hanna, New species

Plate 8, figure 1

Actceon n. sp. Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser. Vol, 5, 1915, pp.
43, 98, pi, 11, fig, 5, Loc, 244 (C, A. S, Coll,)

"' Dall, Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard, Bull. Vol. 43, No. 6, 1908, p. 243.

142 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

Acteon moodyi Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421,
432, 448, 508, Type Tejon records; not p. 488, pi. 38, figs. 10a, 10b,
from north of Coalinga, California.

Shell small, composed of six rounded whorls, with deep
sutures; spire conical, elevated, with nearly straight sides;
body whorl cylindrical-ovate; aperture long and narrow;
sculpture on the body whorl consisting of 25 spiral threads
which are flattened on top, and separated by channels one-
third as wide as the threads; channels crossed by minute
lines of growth, closely spaced.

Type: No. 319, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected by
Bruce G. Martin at Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Live Oak Creek,
Kern County, California; Type Tejon Eocene.

This species differs from A. moodyi Dickerson in sev-
eral respects. That species has a smaller number of spiral
cords, which are accordingly coarser, and they are separated
by channels as wide as the cords; the spire is dome-shaped,
showing but four whorls in the figure, although it is larger in
size; body whorl regularly ovate, in which respect it differs
from our species in which the sides are straighter. The lines
of growth in A. moodyi are finer than in quercus.

Dickerson's references to A. moodyi occurring in the type
locality of the Tejon Group were undoubtedly based upon
the incorrect determination of A. quercus.

124. Helminthoglypta obtusa Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 3, figures 12, 13

Shell depressed, consisting of 4^ whorls, (originally
almost five) ; whorls flattened on top; spire slightly elevated
above plane of body whorl; surface marked only with faint
growth lines; margin of body whorl obtusely angled; umbili-
cus perforate but entirely covered with a heavy deposit of
callus; peristome broadly reflected, the expanded portion
meeting the umbilical callus very close to the umbilicus; base
of body whorl more inflated than spire; diameter, 16 mm.,
(originally about 19 mm.) ; altitude, 9.6 mm.

Type: No. 1016, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected by
Marcus A. Hanna in 1922 in Live Oak Creek, Kern County,
California.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 143

This species is closely related to H. marginicola (Con-
rad) ^^^ of the Oligocene of Bridge Creek, Oregon. The de-
pressed, flattened spires are the same in both and the size
does not differ greatly. Unfortunately the complete shell
with apertural characters of the Oregon species is unknown.
It is true that the present specimen is imperfect in this re-
spect but it is believed to be sufficiently intact to warrant de-
scription. It would seem best to retain it as a distinct species,
at least until the Oregon form becomes better known.

The common California land snails have been placed in
many different genera in the past, Epiphragmophora being
the last to come into general use. Lately, however, the ten-
dency has been to place them in Helminthoglypta where they
may be expected to remain for a considerable time. The
type species of the genus is a western shell.

The extremely long geological range of the land shells
as compared with the marine is brought forcibly to mind by
this species. It is barely possible to find characters by means
of which it can be separated from living species. The best
seem to be the closed and heavily calloused umbilicus. The
finding of a land shell in a marine deposit is sufficiently rare
to excite comment. The present specimen was embedded in
the typical hard Type Tejon sandstone with marine forms.

125. Dentalium cooperii Gabb

Denialiwm cooperii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 139, pi.
21, fig. 100; listed from San Diego, Martinez and Fort Tejon. — Gabb,
Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 230; reported also from the
Chico Group, near Mount Diablo. — Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann.
Rept. 1888, p. 280; San Diego, Tejon, etc. — Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv.
Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 15, Tejon record.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 432, 438; Type Tejon records.

In some cases it is now impossible to ascertain the type
locality of Gabb's species; the inference that the first men-
tioned locality is that of the type has often proved mislead-
ing. In this case, however, since Dr. Cooper really made
collections at Rose Canyon near San Diego, from which
Gabb described certain species, it is entirely probable that
the type of D. cooperii came from there.

>»See Hanna, Univ. Oreg. Publ. Vol. 1, No. 6, 1920, p. (2).

J44 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

The simple form of the species, and in fact of the genus,
allows but few distinctive features to be found in it, and
forms similar in outward appearances have been found in
groups older and younger than the Tejon, from which it
would be difficult to exclude it. It has been obtained at
localities 245 and 711 (C. A. S. Coll.), where it is not un-
common. A large series from Loc. 711 varies much in size,
the largest specimens measuring as much as 40 mm. in length,
but the identity of form and sculpture, with the subordination
of longitudinal striations, allows for only a single species
among them, in view of the confusion which exists among
west American Scaphopoda. The entire group living and
fossil needs thorough revision. Gabb's descriptions and fig-
ures of the Eocene species are confusing and it seems prob-
able that he has included more than one in each.

126. Dentalium stramineum Gabb

Figure 6

Dentalium stramineum Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 139,
pi. 21, fig. 101, northeast of Martinez, San Diego, etc. — Gabb, Geol.
Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 220, also recorded from the Chico
Group, near Mount Diablo, Martinez Group, Martinez, San Diego and
Tejon. — Cooper, Calif. State Min, 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 280. —
Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. No. 47, 1906, p. 15. — Dickerson,
Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 7, 1913, p. 264, Type Tejon record.—
Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 43, 49,
Type Tejon records. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9,
1916, pp. 421, 432, 438, 447, Type Tejon records.

The simple form of this genus and also of this species
allows but few distinguishing features to be discovered, and
even though the type may have come from older strata else-
where, forms similar to it are found plentifully at the type
locality of the Tejon Group. It has been collected at Locs.
245 and 711 (C. A. S. Coll.), and accordingly is enumerated
among the species of the Type Tejon. The specimen figured
from Loc. 711 is 7.2 mm. long and has a curvature of less
radius than Gabb's figure of stramineum, but this may be
attributed to differences in age. On the other hand, the
entire group of western Scaphopoda has been so poorly un-
derstood that positive specific identification in many cases is
impossible.

March 18, 1925

Vol. XI]

ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE

145

Fig. 6. Dentaliurn stramineum Gabb, x 8; plesiotypc No. 899 (C. A. S.
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group.

127. Dentaliurn stentor Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 13, figure 17

Shell large, thick, strongly curved, and strongly sculp-
tured with longitudinal grooves; angle of convergence of the
sides near 7°; sculpture of the shell consisting of longitudinal
grooves, separating threads or cords which are sometimes
alternately coarse and fine, though more often unform in
size, rounded or flat; In some specimens the ribs coalesce to
form an occasional broad, flat-topped ridge, but this is not
usual; section of shell nearly circular, shell substance thick.
Length of type 81 mm.; width at base 10 mm.; angle of
convergence 7°.

Type: No. 819, Mus. Calif. Acad. Scl.; collected at Loc.
792 (C. A. S. Coll.), west side of Tecuya Creek, Kern County,
California, by the writers in December, 1922; Type Tejon
Eocene. Numerous specimens were found a little below the
middle of the Tejon Group there exposed.

This species recalls D. cooperi^ the type of which prob-
ably came from Rose Canyon, near San Diego. It Is dis-
tinguished from that species, however, in the 50 per cent
greater angle of convergence In the sides, by its coarser
sculpture and much greater size.

245 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

128. Cadulus gabbi Sharp & Pilsbry
Plate 11, figure 11

Dentalium (Ditrupa ?) pusillum Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864,
p. 139, pi. 21, fig. 99; type locality, Martinez, but also listed from
Alizos Creek, near Fort Tejon.

Gadus pusillus Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 303. —
Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 230, listed as before.—
Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 198.

Siphonodentaltum pussillum (Gabb), Cooper, Calif. St. Min. 7th Ann. Rept.
1888, p. 291.— Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. No. 47, 1906, p. 15.

Cadulus gabbi Sharp & Pilsbry, Man. Conch. 1st Ser. Vol. 17, 1898, p. 236;
new name for Dentalium pussillum Gabb, not Philippi.

Cadulus pusillus (Gabb), Meyer, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. 1884, p. 111. —
DiCKERSON, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th ser., Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 43, 49;
listed from type locality of Tejon Group. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 432, 447; listed from the type locality
of the Tejon Group.

This species may have been originally found at Martinez,
but it was listed also from Alizos Creek, near Fort Tejon,
where it occurs quite plentifully at Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.) ;
it may have been that Gabb's type came from the locality of
the Type Tejon Group, instead of from Martinez, because
he did not necessarily list the locality first from which the
described and figured specimens came.

129. ["Teredo sp." Dickerson]

Teredo sp. Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, p. 43;
Loc. 452 (U. C. Coll.), Type Tejon locality. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 447, Type Tejon records.

Evidences of Teredo, or other wood boring mollusks,
occur among the fossils obtained from Loc. 452 (U. C.
Coll.), as reported by Dickerson, and similar specimens are
numerous at Loc. 816 (C. A. S. Coll.) on the east side of
Pastoria Creek, about 600 feet above the base of the group.
They are of importance only as they serve to indicate the
shore conditions belonging to this particular stage of the
group. As the species has not been determined it cannot
properly be included in a faunal list of the group at this time.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPB TEJON EOCENE J 47

130. ["Martesia clausa" Gabb]

Martesia clausa Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 145, pi. 22,
fig. 115; locality, Pence's ranch, Butte County, California- Not
recorded from Type Tejon locality. — M. clausa Gabb, Op. cit. Vol. 2,
1869, p. 233, listed from Type Tejon.

Although Gabb recorded this Chico species from the Type
Tejon locahty in his Vol. 2, we do not know of any valid
reason for his doing so, as no material has been found upon
which such a record should be based. No other author has
followed him in the matter, so far as known, and we do not
feel warranted in doing so now.

131. Solen novacula Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 6, figure 9

Shell large, elongated, thick; sides parallel; ends cut
squarely, or only slightly rounded; anterior end bearing a
strong constriction, deeply impressed, but not terminal; pos-
terior end of valves slightly diverging in most specimens;
hinge margin straight, with hinge near anterior end; surface
of shell marked by irregular growth lines, concentric to the
margins.

Type: No. 882, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci. ; collected at Loc.
792 (C. A. S. Coll.) in Tecuya Creek, Kern County, California,
about 1000 feet or less above the base of the beds ; Type Tejon
Eocene.

This species differs from S. parallelus, in its larger size,
thicker form and shell, and squarely cut ends. The constric-
tion which is not terminal, is not shown in Gabb's form, and
the growth lines which are squarely turned contrast with the
rounded ones seen on the other species; length of type, 91
mm.; width, 21 mm.

132. [Solen parallelus Gabb]

Solen parallelus Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 146, 229,
pi. 22, fig. 117, Bull's Head Point, near Martinez, but also listed
from the Tejon locality.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p.

140 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papsrs.

233, recorded from Tejon locality, and elsewhere. — Cooper, Calif. State
Min. 7tli Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 291. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ,
Geol. Vol. 7, 1913, p. 265. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen,
Vol. 5, 1915, p. 43, listed from Locs. 244 and 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), and
from Loc. 463 (U. C. Coll.). — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol.
Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 431, 438, 442 and 447.

This species was first described from near Martinez, but
was listed also from Alizos Creek, near Fort Tejon. There
is one, and perhaps two species of Solen found in the type
section of the Tejon Group, but most of the fossil material
seen of this genus is too fragmentary for specific deter-
mination. Many of the specimens appear to belong to a
species shorter than parallelus, as figured, but they are too
much broken for positive statements. We are of the opinion
that when good material is obtained there will be found to
be two species, namely, S. novactila, and another which is
shorter, and distinct from S. parallelus.

133. Corbula hornii Gabb

Plate 2, figures 3, 4

Corbula hornii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 149, 229, pi.
29, fig. 238, near Fort Tejon. — Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc.
Vol. 3, 1867, p. 304.— Gabb, Geol, Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p.
176, pi. 29, figs. 62, 62a, 62b, Tejon. — Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila,
Proc. Vol. 34, 1882.— Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888,
p. 279.— Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 14.— Dick-
erson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 7, 1913, p. 264.— Dickerson, Calif.
Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen Vol. 5, 1915, p. 42, 49, 50.— Dickerson, Univ.
Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420, 430, 444, all Type Tejon
records.

Not of Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sec, Vol. 5, pi. 4, figs. 5a
and 5b, Cowlitz Group, Vader, Washington.

The description and figure given by Gabb in Pal. Vol. 1,
was amended in Vol. 2, with better figures. The species
properly belongs to the type section of the Tejon Group,
and has usually been so regarded by all writers upon this
part of the Eocene. Occasion is here taken to re-figure it.
The specimens from the Cowlitz Group of Washington show
differences that are probably specific. Weaver and Palmer
have figured and described them as Corbula dickers oni.^'^^

"oUniv. Wash. Publ. Geol. Vol. 1, 1922, p. 24, pi. 9, figs. 9 and 10.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON- AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE I49

134. [Corbula parilis Gabb]

Corbula parilis Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif, Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 150, pi. 29,
figs. 239, 239a, type locality, Martinez. — C. parilis Gabb, Geol. Surv.
Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 234, not listed from Type Tejon.

Not Corbula parilis, Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 7, 1913, p.
264, Type Tejon record. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser.,
Vol. 5, 1915, p. 42, Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), nor pi. 4, fig. 8, Marys-
ville Buttes. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp.
420, 426, 430, 437, 444, Type Tejon records, nor pi. 40, fig. 10, Loc.
1853, (U. C. Coll.), Marysville Buttes, Sutter County, California.

Dickerson stated under the last citation that "this is a very
common Tejon form". In view of the many times that he
has hsted it from the type locahty of the Tejon Group,
special search has been made for material upon which a
confirmation could be based. Our belief is that he based
his records upon the mistaken identity of some other species.
In the collections from Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.) there is
a single specimen of Corbula; this is much distorted, and not
identifiable specifically, although it is apparently not Gabb's
species. We have carefully examined all the other collections
mentioned by Dickerson, including those from Locs. 451,
458, 462, and 463 (U. S. Coll.) and are unable to confirm
the occurrence of this species in any of them.

135. Spisula acutirostrata Packard

Spisula acutirostrata Packard, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 295 ;
Loc. 463 (U. C. Coll.), near Salt Creek, Kern County, Type
Tejon locality. — Wagner & Schilling, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol.
14, No. 6, 1923, p. 241.

This species was described by Packard from specimens
obtained from the Tejon strata near Salt Creek, a few miles
west of Grapevine Creek, Kern County. We have not seen
the type, but have no reason to doubt the authenticity of the
species as one belonging to the type section of the Tejon
Group.

136. Spisula bisculpturata Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 3, figure 7

Mactra ashburnerii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 153, 230,
type locality, Pence's ranch, Butte County, Calif., but recorded also

150 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

from Type Tejon locality. — Conrad, Am. Jour. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p.

364. — Gabb, Am. Jour. Conch. Vol. 2, 1866, p. 91. — GabBj Calif. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 304.

Cymhophora ashburnerii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, pp. 180,
181, Type Tejon records. — HeilpriNj Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol.
34, 1882, pp. 199, 200, 201.— Cooper, Calif. St. Min. 7th Ann. Rept.
1888, p. 280, Type Tejon record.

Spisula merriami Packard, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol.
5, 1915, p. 43, Nomen nudum, Type Tejon record, Loc. 244, (C. A. S.
Coll.), and Locs. 459 and 463 (U. C. Coll.).— Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 431, 438, 447, Type Tejon records.
(Not p. 510, pi. 39, figs. 2a, 2b, and 2c, from Loc. 672, (U. C. Coll.),
near Coalinga, or fig. 2d, from Loc. 2225 (U. C. Coll.), Table Moun-
tain, Butte County.)

Not Spisula merriami Packard, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p.
294, pi. 27, figs. 3 and 4, Loc. 672 (U. C. Coll.), same specimen as fig-
ured by Dickerson.

Shell small, trigonal, produced posteriorly, moderately in-
flated; anterior dorsal slope very convex, bounded by a
distinct ridge extending from the beak to the basal margin
in a gentle curve; ridge immediately followed by a shallow
depression; posterior dorsal slope straight, bounded by a
ridge similar to that of the anterior slope, but concave when
compared to a vertical line from the beak to the margin of
the shell; base of the shell forming the arc of a circle, the
center of which is 5 mm. below the apex. Surface marked
by fine irregular lines of growth, or quite smooth except at
the ends; anterior and dorsal slopes marked by distinct con-
centric ridges; the anterior slope bisculpturate, bisected by
a line extending from the beak to the margin, the anterior
half having distinct concentric ridges, the remainder show-
ing chiefly radial sculpture. Length of type, 26.2 mm.; alti-
tude, 19.0 mm.; ratio nearly 4:3; thickness of single valve,
6.0 mm.

Type: No. 794, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected at Loc.
244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Live Oak Creek, Kern County, California,
by Bruce G. Martin.

Compared to S. merriami this species differs in some im-
portant particulars: the surface of S. merriami is ornamented
with decided, or coarse concentric ridges, very regular in
character, with no depression behind the anterior umbonal

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE \<^\

ridge; valves more nearly equilateral; the basal margin
curved on a longer radius; posterior dorsal slope slightly
convex. Notwithstanding these differences the new species
resembles S. merriami more closely than any other. There is
little relationship between the new species and S. ashburnerii,
the Chico form with which it has been confused.

Through an unfortunate misinterpretation of strata a dif-
ferent species from the Meganos (?) near Lower Lake,
Lake County, has been named Spisula tejonensis; it has not
been reported from the type locality of the Tejon Group. ^'^^

The form figured by Dickerson as S. merriami (Op. cit.,
pi. 39, fig. 2d, from Loc. 2225 U. C Coll.), South Table
Mountain), belongs apparently to a distinct species, having a
less prominent beak, and a smaller axial ratio than the
species from the type locality of the Tejon Group.

In 1907 Arnold^'*^ \\^^q^ ''Mactra cf. uvasana Conrad"
from "Tejon Eocene" at the west end of the Santa Inez
Mountains but we know of no such species having been de-
scribed by Conrad.

137. Psammobia hornii (Gabb)
Plate 3, figure 6; plate 9, figure 16

Tellina hornii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol, 1, 1864, pp. 160, 231, pi.
30, fig. 244; near Fort Tejon. — Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc.
Vol. 3, 1867, p. 304.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p.
238; Type Tejon.— Heilprin, Acad, Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882,
p. 199. — Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept, 1888, p, 293. —
Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv-. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 14.

Psammobia hornii (Gabb), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol.
5, 1915, p. 42, Type Tejon record. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ.
Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 431, 438, 446, Type Tejon records.

Psammobia (Gobrceus) hornii (Gabb), Dall, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc.
1898, p. 60. Classification of family.

This species was originally described from the Type Tejon
locality, where it is fairly abundant. Dickerson's reference

>" Packard, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 303, pi. 27, fig. S.
"2 Smith. Misc. Coll. Vol. SO, 1907, p. 420.

152 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Pape«s.

of it to the genus Psammobia appears to be well founded.
It is here listed as an authentic species of the Type Tejon.^'*^

138. [Psammobia texta (Gabb)]

? Gari texta Gabb, Geol, Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 155, p. 22,
fig. 130; Division B, Martinez.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol.
2, 1869, p. 237; Tejon Group, Martinez.

Psamrnohia texta (Gabb), Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916,
p. 431; probably reported incorrectly from the type locality of the Tejon
Group.

This species was originally described from the neighbor-
hood of Martinez, as occurring in Division B of the "Creta-
ceous", which according to Gabb's view included all the
strata above the Martinez Group now known to belong to
the Eocene. It did not, therefore, necessarily follow that
the strata in which it occurred belongs to the group repre-
sented at Tejon. Only a single reference, the last cited above,
has been found of it in the type section of the Tejon Group.
As it was not included by Dickerson in any of the more
formal lists of Type Tejon species in his latest paper, (pp.
421, 446), the inclusion of it in the table cited may have
been unintentional.

139. ["Psammobia sp." Dickerson]

Psammobia sp. Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, p.
42, recorded from Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), Type Tejon locality.—
Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 421, reported as
above.

The records above cited were apparently based upon an
internal cast which is specifically indeterminate. It might
even belong to any one of several genera of Tellinidae. The
record is not important, and is included here only for com-
pleteness.

i** As in the case of Leda the use of the name Psammobia will probably be
abandoned sooner or later unless the present code of nomenclature is modified. Gari
was given to a shell by Schumacher in 1817 which is considered to belong to the
same genus as the type of Psammobia as Iredale has pointed out. (Trans. New
Zealand Institute, Vol. 47, lyiS, p. 496.) It is believed, however, that when the
change is made in America it should come from one who is able to check the refer-
ences to the literature from original sources, a task which we are at present not in
a position to do.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEION EOCENE J 53

140. Tellina castacana Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 2, figure 13

Shell small, thin, and Inconspicuous; the anterior dorsal
slope straight; basal margin almost straight; upper and
lower marginal lines almost parallel, or the prolongation of
them forming a very acute angle; anterior end regularly
rounded; posterior end truncate, very slightly convex; angle
at beak about 143°; posterior and basal margins meeting
in an angle of about 50°; surface sculptured with fine, flat-
topped, concentric ridges which are twice as wide on the
anterior end as on the posterior; posterior slope flat, sepa-
rated from remainder of surface by a sharp angle, in front
of which, and near the margin Is a shallow depression.
Length of type, 13 mm.; height, 7.4 mm.

Type: right value. No. 796, and three paratypes, Nos.
797, 798, and 799, Mus. Calif. Acad. Scl.; collected at Loc.
244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Live Oak Creek, Kern County, California,
by Bruce G. Martin; T}'pe Tejon Eocene.

We have been unable to identify this small form with
any hitherto described species, and believe it to be entirely
new, and worthy of description. It is represented In the
collections by four specimens from the type locality, all of
which conform in size and sculpture to the type. In a genus
of so many species and variations It seems remarkable that
some form resembling this one has not been found before at
some locality, but so far as known to us at present It stands
alone.

141. Tellina howardi Dickerson

Tellina hoivardi Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915,
pp. 43, 55, pi. IV, figs. 2a and 2b; Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Type
Tejon section. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp.
421, 447, Type Tejon records.

This large and handsome species is common In the type
section of the Tejon Group. It is shorter, and the angle at
the beak Is less than In Psammob'ia hornii, which Is the only
species with which It is likely to be confused.

154 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

142. Tellina lebecki Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 3, figure 10

Tellina remondii Gabb, (In part,) Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp.
156, 230, Type Tejon records; not pi. 22, fig. 132; Cochran's, near
Mount Diablo.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 293,
Type Tejon record only; (not p. 182, pi. 29, fig. 71, which is T. tehach-
api, new species.) — Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p.
293, Type Tejon record.— Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906,
p. 14, Type Tejon record. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen,
Vol. 5, 1915, p. 43, Type Tejon record. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ.
Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 431, 438, 447, Type Tejon records.

The form of this shell is not unlike T. remondii Gabb,
as at first described and figured, but quite unlike that which
he subsequently included under this name; the latter is here
described as T. tehachapi, new species. The posterior slope
in T. lebecki is straighter than in the species originally de-
scribed as T. remondii from near Cochran's, the basal
margin is straighter, and the anterior end is longer; the
beak of the new species is nearly in the center of the valve;
no radial sculpture visible. This last characteristic consti-
tutes one of the most distinguishing features, and differenti-
ates it from both forms described by Gabb. In T. remondii,
as described and in specimens at the University of Cali-
fornia from the type locality, the radial sculpture is clearly
shown, as it is also in the figure later published by Gabb,
but which is another species.

Type: right valve. No. 800, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; col-
lected at Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Live Oak Creek, Kern
County, California, by Bruce G. Martin; Type Tejon Eocene.

The similarity of this species to T. remondii is sufficient
to prove it to be an analogue, but the specimens available
for comparison do not intergrade in a manner to indicate
identity with that form. Still another closely related species
is T. teniiilineata Clark, from the San Lorenzo Ollgocene,
Group. There may be others. Length of type, 24.5 mm.;
original length, nearly 27 mm. ; height, 15.4 mm.

The species is named for Peter le Beck, the victim of an
unfortunate tragedy in the Tejon region; he was killed by a
grizzly bear Oct. 17, 1837.^^^

"* An account of this has been given by Blake in Pac. R. R. Repts. Vol. S, 1857,
p. 47. A much fuller account is given by Saunders, C. F., in "The Southern Sierras
of California", 1923, pp. 79-81; Houghton, Mifflin Co., Boston.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 155

143. Tellina tehachapi Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 6, figures 5, 6

Tellina remondii Gabb, Geol. Sur\'. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 182, pi. 29,
fig. 71, near Fort Tejon. (Not T. remondii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif.
Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 156, pi. 22, fig. 132, near Fort Tejon.)

A careful comparison of Gabb's figures and descriptions
is enough to make it obvious that he confused two distinct
species in his revised description of T. remondii in Vol. 11.
The species first figured does not occur in Type Tejon strata
but is replaced there by T. lebecki n. sp. We have been for-
tunate enough to obtain a large fragment of the species last
figured by Gabb as T. remondii, and it is easy to discern
the differences between the two. First, there is considerable
difference in size, about in the proportion of 8 to 5 ; second,
the sculpture is decidedly coarser in the larger species,
nearly 3 to 1 ; third, the angle subtended by the dorsal
anterior and posterior margins is as 130° to 110°. The
radial sculpture of the larger species is scarcely visible on the
other, and in fact is usually absent. We propose the above
name for the new species, the second figured by Gabb under
the name of T. remondii. The name is derived from the
mountain range upon the flank of which the Type section
of the Tejon Group lies.

Type: No. 878; paratype: No. 879, Mus. Calif. Acad.
Sci. ; collected at Locs. 244, (C. A. S. Coll.), Live Oak Creek,
and 792, Tecuya Creek, Kern County, California; Type
Tejon Eocene.

144. [Tellina sequalis Gabb]

Tellina aqualis Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, pp. 182, 238, pi.
29, fig. 73, Martinez Group, Martinez. — T. cequalis, Cooper, Calif.
State Min. 7th Ann. Kept. 1888, p. 292, Martinez. — T, aqualis, DiCK-
ERSON, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 8, 1914, p. 108; recorded from
three Martinez localities, and with a (?) from Tejon. — Not T. cf.
aqtialis, Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 438; re-
corded with a (?) from the type locality of the Tejon Group; omitted
from other lists.

Since Dickerson has recorded this species definitely as
belonging to the Martinez Group, and has omitted it from

156 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papsrs.

all of his more formal and later lists of Type Tejon species
it is probable that he doubted if it formed a part of the Type
Tejon fauna, where it does not appear to us to have been
found.

145. [Tellina longa Gabb]

Tellina longa Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 155, 230, pi.
22, fig. 131; Division B, near Martinez, recorded also from near Fort
Tejon.— Gabb, Calif. Acad, Nat, Sci, Proc. Vol, 3, 1867, p, 304.— Gabb,
Geol. Surv, Calif, Pal, Vol, 2, 1869, p. 237; recorded from Tejon.—
Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci, Phila, Proc, Vol, 34, 1882, p, 199, Gabb's
record repeated. — Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p.
293. — Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr, 47, 1906, p. 14. — Dickerson,
Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 49, 51; recorded as
occurring at Tejon. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ, Geol, Vol, 9, 1916,
pp, 431, 442, recorded from Tejon.

Dickerson recorded this species as occurring in the "Type
Tejon", and also included it as a "characteristic and most
abundant species" of the same; nevertheless he omitted it
from his later and more formal lists of Type Tejon species,
(above citation, pp. 421, 437, etc.). The species was orig-
inally described from near Martinez, but was also recorded
from Marsh's, and from Alizos Creek, near Fort Tejon.
All records of its occurrence at the latter locality, however,
seem to have been based upon Gabb's original reference
without the addition of any new material. We have been
unable to find any trustworthy specimens of it from the type
section of the Tejon,

146. [Tellina sutterensis Dickerson]

Tellina sutterensis Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 7, 1913, pp.
290, pi, 14, figs. 3a and 3b; Locs, 1853 and 1856 (U, C, Coll.), Sutter
County, California; listed, perhaps unintentionally as occurring at
Tejon, p, 265. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc, 4th Sen, Vol, 5,
1915, p. 49; listed with (?) from the type section of the Tejon.

This species was described from the Marysville Buttes,
Sutter County, and the record of its occurrence in the Type
Tejon section probably occurred by mistake, by accidentally
placing an X in the wrong column.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 157

The species does not appear to belong to the genus Tel-
Una, and certainly does not form a part of the fauna of the
Type Tejon Group.

147. Macoma viticola Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 2, figure 12

Tellina californka Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 161, 231,
Type Tejon records; (not pi. 30, fig. 245, from Marsh's near Mt.
Diablo.).— Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 304.—
Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 238, Type Tejon records only. —
Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. 1882, p. 189.— Cooper, Calif. St.
Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 293, Type Tejon records. — Arnold, U. S.
Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. No. 47, 1906, p. 14, Type Tejon record. — DicK-
ERSON, Calif. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, p. 43, recorded
from Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.), also pi. 4, fig. 3, Type Tejon records. —
DiCKERSON, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 447, Type
Tejon records.

? T. joaquinensis Arnold, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4th Sen, Vol.
5, 1915, p. 43, recorded from Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.). — Dickerson,
Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421. 447, Type Tejon records.
— Not T. joaquinensis, Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 396, 1909, pp.
13, 49, 106, pi. 2, fig. 11, locality, near Coalinga, California.

Shell small, moderately inflated, inequilateral, very thin;
truncated posteriorly, having a shallow depression immedi-
ately before truncation in right valve; basal and anterior
margins regularly rounded; sculpture consisting of very fine
growth lines, slightly uneven; apical angle 128°. Length,
11.9 mm.; height, 8.7 mm.; thickness, 2 mm.; right valve.

Type: No. 1701; paratype No. 273, Mus. Calif. Acad.
Sci.; collected at Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Live Oak Creek,
Kern County, California, by Bruce G. Martin, in 1914; Type
Tejon Eocene.

This species has been recorded from the Type Tejon
locality under different names. Dickerson recognized the
specific distinctness of it because he so labelled the specimens
in the collection, but he gave no description. His figure pub-
lished as T. calif arnica (Op. cit. pi. 4, fig. 3), shows the left
valve of Macoma viticola very well. His reference to T.
joaquinensis from Loc. 245, (p. 43), is based upon the right
valve of our species from this locality, the specimen bearing
his label having been examined in the collection.

J58 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

148. ["Macoma sp." Dickerson]

Macoma sp. Dickerson, Calif, Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, p. 42;
Loc. 456 (U. C. Coll.),— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ, Geol. Vol, 9,
1916, pp, 421, 426, Type Tejon records.

A generic determination of this sort has little value for
stratigraphic use, or for faunal comparison, and cannot be
admitted in an accredited list of species of the Type Tejon
fauna. It is referred to here only to complete the record
as far as practicable.

149. Antigona hornii (Gabb)
Plate 3, figure 9; plate 5, figure 5

Meretrix hornii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 164, 231;
(not pi. 23, fig. 144) ; near Fort Tejon. — Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 304.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif, Pal, Vol, 2, 1869,
pp. 185, 239, pi. 30, fig. 78, revised. Type Tejon locality. — Heilprin,
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, pp. 199, 212, Tejon records.—
Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 286. — Arnold, U. S.
Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 14.— Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci.
Proc. 4th Ser. Vol. 5, 1915, p. 42.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol.
Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420, 426, 431, 438, 441, 445, Type Tejon records, but
clearly not p. 508, figs, la and lb, from near Coalinga.

A large number of specimens of A. hornii (Gabb), from
the type locality, in the collections of the Academy have been
available for comparison, and it is quite evident that Dick-
erson's specimen from Loc, 672 (U, C. Coll.) is specifically
distinct. The outline of Gabb's species is variable, and some
young specimens resemble Macrocallista conradiana (Gabb),
In their posterior elongation. The specimen figured by Gabb
in his first attempt, (Pal, Vol, 1, pi. 23, fig. 144), appears
to belong to another species, Pitaria tejonensis Dickerson,
referred to in another place.

An examination of the hinge of A. hornii makes it neces-
sary to remove it from the genus Meretrix Lamarck, (geno-
type, Venus meretrix Linnseus) ; it appears definitely to be-
long to the genus Cytherea Bolten as defined by Dall in
1903.^'^^ Bolten's name dates from 1798. Dall was appar-
ently unaware of a prior use of the name since Scudder
failed to notice it in the Nomenclator Zoologicus. But ac-

i«U. S. Nat. Mus. Proc. Vol. 26, 1903, p. 354.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON' AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE \^g

DIptera in 1794,^'*^ by J. C. Fabriclus. This of course forbids
cording to Sherborn^'*^ the name was used for a species of
its use in Mollusca. Without going exhaustively into the
the group of Pelecypoda is Antigona of Schumacher, 1817,
(genotype, Cytherea lamellaris Schum.). This was adopted
question it would appear that the next available name for
by Iredale as long ago as 1914.^'*^

150. Pitaria californiana (Conrad)

Plate 5, figures 1, 2

Meretrix californiana Conrad, House Doc. 129, Proj. Vol. 3, 33d Congress,
1st Sess. 1855, p. 9, App. to Rep. of W. P. Blake; also Pac. R. R. Repts,
Vol. 5, 1857, p. 320, pi. 2, fig. 4; Canada de las Uvas, Kern County,
California. — Carpenter, Rept. Brit. Ass. Ad. Sci. 1864, p. 589; also
Smith. Misc. Coll. 1872, No. 252, p. 75.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ.
Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 446.

Meretrix californica (Conrad), Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864,
p. 166.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 240, Tejon records.
— Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 286. — Arnold, U. S.
Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 14.

Meretrix tularana Conrad, Pac. R. R. Repts. Vol. 5, 1857, pp. 42, 323, pi. 3,
figs. 22, 22a; also preliminary Report 1855, pp. 7, 12; in the final report
the name is spelled, tularena on p. 319. — Carpenter, Rept. Brit. Ass. Ad.
Sci. 1864, p. 589; also Smith. Misc. Coll. 252, 1872, p. 75.

Meretrix ovalis Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 166, 231, pi.
30, fig. 251; Type Tejon locality.— Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc,
Vol. 3, 1867, p. 304.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 240.—
Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 199.— Cooper,
Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 286.— Arnold, U. S. Geol.
Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 14.— Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th
Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 42, 49, 82, pi. 3, fig. 4, Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.),
Type Tejon locality.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916,
pp. 420, 426, 431, 438, 442, 445, Type Tejon records.

Dione californiana Conrad, Amer. Journ. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p. 7.

As this is one of the most common species of the type
section of the Tejon Group we have obtained a large number
of specimens for comparative study. It varies somewhat in
outline, though other characters are more constant. The
external sculpture consists of concentric ridges, which are

"' Index Anamalium, 1902, p. 283.
"8Ent. Syst. Vol. 4, 1794, p. 413.

"9 Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1914, p. 668. Trans. New Zealand Inst. Vol. 47, 1915,
pp. 493-495.

J 50 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

Stronger on the anterior and posterior slopes. Rest periods
are clearly marked by depressed grooves which are concen-
tric with the lines of growth. Conrad's original figure shows
these characters very well. The abundance of the species at
his type locality leaves no reasonable grounds for Gabb's
failure to find it, which he undoubtedly did, although he
claimed to have searched the locality thoroughly without
success. Conrad's species is evidently the form which was
redescribed by Gabb as M. ovalis; for this he chose a defec-
tive specimen, and restored the outline somewhat imper-
fectly. At all events it would have been quite as easy for
him to have drawn the outline of his figure to have agreed
perfectly with that of Conrad's species. The specimen from
which Dickerson's figure of M. ovalis was made has been
compared with other examples of P. calif orniana in the col-
lections of the Academy of Sciences, and it is found to belong
to the same species. The type of P. californiana is said to
be preserved in the U. S. National Museum as No. 1842.^^°
Conrad assembled Meretrix tiilarana among Miocene
species but it occurred in a boulder with Galeodea petrosa
which is obviously of Eocene age. The boulder was picked
up west of Grapevine Creek less than eight miles, as narrated
by Blake. ^^^ The description and figure of tularana are
scarcely recognizable but in order to dispose of the name
definitely it has been placed in the synonymy of P. califor-
niana to which the species bears a close resemblance.

151. Pitaria tejonensis (Dickerson)
Plate 3, figure 5

Meretrix tejonensis Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915,
pp. 42, 53, pi. 3, figs. 2a and 2b, Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Type Tejon
locality.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420,
431, 438, 446.

Not Meretrix wvasana Conrad, Pac. R. R. Repts. Vol. 5, 1857, p. 320, pi. 2,
fig. 3, nor of Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 163, pi. 30,
fig. 248.

Meretrix hornii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pi. 23, fig. 144,
but not p. 164.

««U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. No. S3, 1905, p. 400.
'« Pac. R. R. Repts. Vol. 5, 1857, p. 42.

March 18, 1925

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE \(^l

It appears after studying a large collection of specimens
from the type locality of the Tejon that P. tejonensis is not
synonymous with Gabb's conception of P. uvasana. The lat-
ter's interpretation seems to have been correct, and although
Dickerson's name was a substitute his type specimens repre-
sent a species which is distinct. His figures are both enlarged
to about twice natural size. Exposure of the hinge shows
the species to belong to the genus Pttaria. Gabb discredits
his figure of Meretrix hornii as found in Pal. Vol. 1, pi. 23,
fig. 144, and substituted another (Pal. Vol. 2, p. 185, pi.
30, fig. 78). The former appears to represent Pitaria
tejonensis (Dickerson).

152. Pitaria uvasana (Conrad)
Plate 5, figures 3, 4

Meretrix uvasana Conrad, House Doc. 129, Proj. Vol. 3, 33d Congress, 1st
Sess. 1855, p. 9, App. to Rep. W. P. Blake. — M. uvasana Conrad, Pac.
R. R. Repts. Vol 5, 1857, p. 320, pi. 2, fig. 3; Type Tejon locality.—
Carpenter, Rept. Brit. Ass. Ad. Sci. 1864, p. 589; also. Smith. Misc.
Coll. 252, 1872, p. 75.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp.
163, 231, pi. 30, fig. 248, Tejon record. — Gabb, Am. Jour. Conch. Vol.
2, 1866, p. 91.— Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 304.—
Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 239, Type Tejon record
only.— Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 199.—
Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 286. — Arnold, U. S.
Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 14. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci.
Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 42, 54, pi. 3, figs. 3a and 3b, Loc. 244
(C. A. S. Coll.), Type Tejon.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol.
9, 1916, pp. 368, 420, 446, Type Tejon records.

Dione uvasana (Conrad), Amer. Journ. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p. 7.

Dosinia uvasa?ia (Conrad), Gabb, Am. Jour. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p. 364;
it is stated that this species is Dione ovata Rogers.

This species is very abundant at the type locality of the
Tejon Group. Conrad's figure and description are recog-
nizable, although they are defective. Gabb's figure is better
and represents the usual form, which is somewhat shorter
than Conrad showed. Two good examples of the young
have been figureci by Dickerson, which, together with Con-
rad's figure, represent the ends of a continuous series from
the young to adult forms. A well exposed hinge shows the
species belongs to the genus Pitaria, as now generally
recognized.

j^7 CAUFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES fOc. Papsrs.

153. [Marcia quadrata (Gabb)]

? Tapes quadrata Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 169, 232,
pi. 30, fig. 249; Division B, at Fort Tejon and Martinez. — Calif. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 304.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol.
2, 1869, p. 241; Tejon Group, Martinez, Clayton and Tejon. — Cooper,
Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 292; Gabb's record repeated.—
Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 14; Gabb's record
repeated.— Weaver, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 4, 1905, p. 108; re-
corded from Lower Martinez Group. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ.
Geol. Vol, 8, 1914, p. 108; recorded from four Martinez localities.

Marcia quadrata (Gabb), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol.
5, 1915, pp. 42, 51; recorded from Tejon. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420, 445; recorded from Tejon.

Although Gabb cited the Fort Tejon locality first in his
description of this species, (Vol. 1, p. 169,) in his second
report (Vol. 2, p. 241) the order is revised, and Martinez
is first mentioned. His figure looks as if the specimen had
come from the Martinez locality, and from the Martinez
Group, in which the preservation is not often good. In view
of the fact that both Weaver and Dickerson have tentatively
recorded the species from the Martinez Group, this assump-
tion seems the more plausible. Excluding Gabb's doubtful
record from the type section of the Tejon, and others that
seem to have been merely copied from it, the only records
of its occurrence there are by Dickerson as above cited, and
these were based upon material obtained from Locs. 455
and 464 (U. C. Coll.), Tejon Quadrangle, Kern County.
This material has been examined by us and found to be
somewhat unsatisfactory. The fossils are poorly preserved,
and the collections contain nothing that can be certainly
identified with the form figured by Gabb. Among them are
casts of a species resembling that of Gabb, but they might
also belong to other genera.

154. Macrocallista andersoni Dickerson
Plate 3, figure 8

Macrocallista (?) andersoni Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen,
Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 42, 49, 54, pi. 4, fig. la; Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.),
Type Tejon section; (not pi. 4, fig. lb, Cowlitz Group). — Dickerson,
Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420, 445. Type Tejon records.

Macrocallista conradiana (Gabb), Dickerson^ Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th
Sen Vol. 5, 1915, pi. 3, fig. lb.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND H ANN A— TYPE TETON EOCENE J 53

An examination of the t>'pe of M. ? andersoni Dickerson,
which is in the collections of the Academy of Sciences, shows
it to be a vaHd species from Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.). A
well exposed hinge plate of the first specimen figured shows it
belongs to the genus to which the author tentatively referred
it. However, the specimen figured from the Cowlitz Group,
above cit. fig. lb, may prove to be a distinct species, although
the question need not be considered here.

155. Macrocallista conradiana (Gabb)
Plate 3, figure 11

Tapes conradiana Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 169, 232,
pi. 32, fig. 282; Alizos Creek, near Fort Tejon. — Gabb, Calif. Acad.
Nat. Sci, Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 304.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol.
2, 1869, p. 241 ; listed also from other localities. — Heilprin, Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, pp. 199 and 203.— Cooper, Calif State
Min. 7th Ann. Kept. 1888, p. 292.— Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof.
Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 14.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 7, 1913,
p. 265, Tejon records.

Macrocallista conradiana (Gabb), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th
Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 42, 82, pi. 3, figs, la and Ic, only; Locs. 244 and
245 (C. A. S. Coll.), (not fig. lb,=M. andersoni Dickerson.), Type
Tejon locality. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp.
420, 438, 445, Type Tejon records.

This species is abundant in the type section of the Tejon
Group where it was originally discovered. Variation in form
and sculpture is slight, even in a large series of specimens.
Records of the species from other localities and formations
have not been checked etxensively, and it may have wide
distribution. The hinge figured by Dickerson (above cit. pi.
3, fig. la), agrees in essential characters with the genus
Macrocallista, although the outer surface does not have the
radial lines and is not smooth as in the genotype.

156. Dosinia elevata Gabb
Plate 5, figure 6

Dosinia alta Conrad, House Doc. 129, Proj. Vol. 3, 1855, 33d Congress, 1st
Sess. p. 9, App. to Rep. W. P. Blake.— Conrad, Pac. R. R. Repts. Vol.
5, 1857, p. 320, pi. 2, fig. 2. Canada de las Uvas, Kern County, Calif.
— Carpenter, Rept. Brit Ass. Ad. Sci. 1864, p. 589; also Smith. Misc.
Coll. 252, 1872, p. 75.— Conrad, Am. Jour. Conch. Vol. 2, 1866, p. 100.

154 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

Not Artemis alta Dunker, Zeitschr. f. Malakozool. Dec. 1848, [Apr. 1849],
p. 184. (Habitat, Red Sea.)

Dosinia elevata Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 167, 231, pi.
30, fig. 252. — Conrad, Am. Jour. Conch, Vol. 1, 1865, p. 364. — Gabb,
Calif Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 304.— Gabb, Geol. Surv.
Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 240.— Gabb, Am. Jour. Conch. Vol. 2, 1866,
p. 91.— Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, pp. 199, 212.
— Cooper, Calif. St. Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 281. — Arnold, U. S.
Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 14.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ.
Geol. Vol. 7, 1913, p. 256. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen,
Vol. 5, 1915, p. 42.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916,
pp. 420, 442, 445, all Type Tejon records.

Dosinopsis alta (Conrad), Amer. Journ. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p. 6.

This species was described from the type section of the
Tejon Group by Conrad, under a name which had been
used by Dunker for a different species belonging to the same
genus. Conrad^^^"* subsequently described a Miocene species
from near Monterey, California, under the name Dosinia
alta. The species was not figured but was stated to be four
inches high. It has been renamed, Dosinia conradi Gabb.^^^^
D. elevata has been listed from many other localities, but no
attempt has been made here to check the geographic range
beyond the type section of the Tejon Group where it occurs
frequently.

157. Corbicula williamsoni Anderson & Hanna, new species
Plate 1, figure 4; plate 3, figure 2

Meretrix cf. olequahensis Weaver, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th
Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, pp.42, 49, marked with (?). — Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420, 446, listed from Type Tejon locality.
No. 244, (C. A. S. Coll.), Not. M. olequahensis Weaver, Wash. Geol.
Surv. Bull. 15, 1912, p. 35, pi. 5, figs. M -SO— Corbicula.

Shell small, more produced behind than before; beaks
very little elevated above hinge line; umbonal ridge obtusely
angled; surface marked by coarse lines of growth on pos-
terior slope; these disappear on the umbonal ridge which is
almost smooth; anterior slope with fine growth lines only;
hinge long and arched; laterals slender and minutely ser-
rated; cardinal area narrow and weak; muscle scars deeply
impressed; pallial line forming an arc of a circle, the center

"'aAcad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. 18S6, p. 315. '

"'b Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 25, pi. S, fig. 43

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE J 55

of which is at the center of the shell. Length, 23.4 mm.;
height, 20.1 mm.; thickness, single valve, 7.5 mm.

Type: No. 768, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected at Loc.
244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Live Oak Creek, Kern County, California,
by Bruce G. Martin; Type Tejon Eocene.

Only one specimen has been found, and upon this Dick-
erson based his record of Meretrix cf. olequahensis Weaver
at the Type Tejon locality. That species was described from
Olequah Creek, near Vader, Washington, and some of the
original specimens form No, 484 of the California Academy
of Sciences' type collection. These belong to a decidedly
distinct species. They are larger, heavier, less angulated on
the umbonal ridges, have higher beaks and in every way
are more robust than C. williamsoni.

The species is named for Lieutenant R. S. Williamson,
U, S. Army, in command of the detachment of the Pacific
Railroad Survey to which W, P, Blake was attached as
Geologist,

158. [Isocardia tejonensis Waring]

hocardia tejonensis Waring, Jour. Geol. Vol. 22, 1914, pp. 784 and 785. —
Waring, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 7, 1917, p. 93, pi. 15,
fig. 14. Type locality, No. 8 (L. S. J, U.) McCray wells, Ventura
County, California. — Not of Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol.
9, 1916, p. 437, Type Tejon record.

Dickerson's record of this species in the Type Tejon may
have been due to accidental placing of an X in the wrong
column in his table of species from San Diego County. It
can hardly be accounted for in any other way since he has
not referred to it as a Type Tejon species elsewhere.

159. Cardium brewerii Gabb

Plate 1, figure 3

Cardium bre<werii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 173, pi. 24,
fig. 155, Cafiada de las Uvas, Tejon locality. — Gabb, Calif. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 304.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol.
2, 1869, p. 242, listed from many other localities. — Heilprin, Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 199.— Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th
Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 277.— Arnold, U, S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906,

]56 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

p. 14. — DiCKERSON, Calif Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 42,
49, SO.— DiCKERSON, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420, 426,
430, 437, and 444, all Type Tejon records.

Because Gabb's figure is somewhat diagrammatic, we have
furnished a photographic illustration of this abundant Tejon
species. Dickerson's record of the species in the Cowlitz
Group of Washington does not appear to be justified by the
material available, though his figure evidently represents an
analogue in that formation. ^^^ He also appears to have sus-
pected the distinctness of the two since, in the explanation of
his plate he stated that "it may prove to be a sub-species".
Weaver and Palmer refigured and described the Cowlitz
species as C. oldroydi}^^

160. Cardium linteum Conrad
Plate 3, figure 3

Cardium linteum Conrad, House Doc. No. 129, Projected Vol. 3, 33d Con-
gress, 1st Sess. 1855, p. 9, App. to Rep. of W. P. Blake. — Conrad, Pac.
R. R. Repts. Vol. 5, 1857, p. 320, pi. 2, fig. 1; Canada de las Uvas,

Kern County, California. — Carpenter, Rept. Brit. Ass. Ad. Sci. 1864,
p. 589; also Smith. Misc. Coll. 252, 1872, p. 75.

Cardium (Lcevicardium) linteum Conrad, Smith. Misc. Coll. Checklist Eoc.
and Oligoc. Foss. No. 152, 1866.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2,
1869, p. 242 ; Tejon Group, Tejon.

Not Cardium (Protocardium) linteum Conrad, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Journ.
2nd Sen Vol. 4, 1860, p. 278, pi. 46, fig. 17, which Johnson, Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phila. Proc. 1905, p. 17, placed in Mactrids, Genus, Cymbophora.

Cardium cooperii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 172, 232,
Type Tejon record; (not pi. 24, figs. 154, 154a.) — Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif.
Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 242, Type Tejon record.— Cooper, Calif. State Min.
7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 277, Type Tejon record only. — Arnold, U. S.
Geol. Surv. Prof, Ppn 47, 1906, p. 14, Type Tejon record, only.— DlCK-

erson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 42, 49, 51, Type
Tejon records. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp.
420, 426, 430, 437, 444, Type Tejon records.
Lcevicardium linteum Conrad, Amen Journ. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p. 7.

This species was first listed by Conrad from the type
section of the Tejon Group, but was poorly figured and
meagerly described. The figure shows characteristics that
are specific if not sub-generic; the radial ribs on the pos-

' "2 Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, pi. 2, figs. 3a, 3b, Loc. 183
(C. A. S. Coll.).

«»Univ. Wash. Publ. Geol. Vol. 1, 1922, p. 20, pi. 8, figs. 3, 11.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE l(/J

terior one-fourth of the shell are coarser than the rest, and
while this area is not set off by an angle on the shell, the line
of demarcation is very clear. The umbones are prominent,
but not elevated. The form is somewhat rare, but two good
specimens have been obtained from the type section of the
Tejon Group, at Locs. 244 and 711( C. A. S. Coll.), both
of which agree with the original description and figure.

Gabb's original description and figure of C. cooperii rep-
resent a shell possessing surface characters somewhat un-
usual among the Eocene species commonly found on the west
coast. The figure shows a much greater umbonal elevation
than that found in C. Unteitm and also much coarser ribbing.
In cooperii the radial ribs are not only coarse, but are
nearly uniform in size over the entire surface. In this re-
spect it differs decidedly from linteum.

Cardiinn cooperii was named by Gabb in honor of Dr.
J. G. Cooper, who had collected some 20 species from the
Eocene of Rose Canyon, seven miles north of Old San Diego,
California. Presumably Gabb selected for his type one of
the specimens of the Cooper collection. In the collections of
the Academy of Sciences obtained from there, there are 19
specimens of Cardium, and among them one that agrees
with Gabb's figure and description remarkably well. And
although San Diego is the seconci place mentioned in his
description, the strong resemblance of this form to the figure
has lead us to believe that he did select his type from the
Cooper collection. Cooper himself included this species in
his lists from that locality, and in 1894, gave additional in-
formation regarding the materials collected there. ^^'*

Although numerous writers have followed Gabb in re-
ferring cooperii to the type section of the Tejon Group not
a single specimen of it has been seen by us in any of the
collections from there.

161. [Cardium olequaensis Weaver]

Cardium olequaensis Weaver, Geol. Surv. Wash. Bull. No. 15, 1912, p. 34,
pi. 5, fig. 55.

Not Cardium cf. olequaensis Weaver, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th
Ser. Vol. 5, 1915, p. 42, nor Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9,
1916, pp. 420, 444.

1" Calif. State Min. Bur. Bull. No. 4, 1894, pp. 37, 38 and 60.

J58 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

The record as above quoted appears in three of Dicker-
son's "Type Tejon" Hsts, but in only one does he refer to
specimens from there, and these, he stated, come from Loc.
459 (U. C. Coll.), which is in Grapevine Canyon, Kern
County. We have examined a specimen from there and have
compared it with the type material and other specimens used
by Weaver but have been unable to confirm the identification.

162. [? Lucina cretacea Gabb]

? Lucina cretacea Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 177, pi. 30,
fig, 255 ; Clayton to Marsh's, near Mount Diablo, — Gabb, Geol, Surv.
Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 243; Tejon Group, Clayton to Marsh's.—
Cooper, Calif. State Min, 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 284; Clayton to
Marsh's. — Arnold, U, S. Geol, Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, p. 14; not included
in Type Tejon fauna. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc, 4th Sen, Vol.
5, 1915, p. 42; also Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol, 9, 1916, pp. 420 and
445 ; recorded doubtfully as occurring at Tejon.

This species was referred by Gabb to the "Tejon Group"
near Mount Diablo, which does not necessarily represent the
Tejon Group at its type locality. Dickerson's tentative
record of it was based upon two imperfect and doubtfully
identifiable specimens from Loc, 244 (C, A, S. Coll,),
which we have examined with some care. In size they are
more than twice as large as the figure of cretacea and may
not belong to the same genus. In the collections of the
University of California there are many specimens of Lucina
cretacea from the type locality. They belong perhaps to the
genus Diplodonta, and are moderately inflated forms, very
different from the specimens from the type section of the
Tejon just referred to, which are flat, and very clearly
belong to the Mtltha group of Lucinida. L. cretacea is,
therefore, excluded as a valid member of the fauna of the
Type Tejon in this report,

163. [Lucina gy rata (Gabb)]

Dosinia gyrata Gabb, Geol. Surv, Calif, Pal, Vol, 1, 1864, pp. 168, 232, pi.
23, fig. 148; Marsh's, etc., recorded from Canada de las Uvas. — Gabb,
Calif. Acad, Nat, Sci. Proc. Vol, 3, 1867, p, 304.— Gabb, Geol. Surv,
Calif, Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 241.— Heilprin, Acad, Nat, Sci. Phila. Proc.
Vol, 34, 1882, p. 199.— Cooper, Calif, State Min, 7th Ann, Rept, 1888, p,
281,— Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv, Prof. Ppr, 47, 1906, p. 14.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE J59

Lucina gyrata (Gabb), Conrad, Smiths. Misc. Coll. No. 200, Checklist Eocene
Foss., 1866— DiCKERSON, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915,
p. 42.— DiCKERSON, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420, 437, 445.

In his original description of this species Gabb stated that
it was "common at Marsh's, southeast of Mount Diablo". His
record of it also at the type section of the Tejon Group was
based upon a cast only. Dickerson has listed the species
four times from the Type Tejon locality, but only once did
he refer to specimens and these were from Loc. 451 (U. C.
Coll.). We have carefully examined the material from this
locality, but have not found any specimens which could be
identified by us with gyrata. The fossils are but poorly
preserved at best, if identifiable at all, and not such as to
warrant us in including the form in a list of authentic species
from the Type Tejon Group.

164. [Lucina nasuta Gabb]

Lucina nasuta Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 175 and 233,
pi. 24, fig. 158; Division A, Martinez. — L. nasuta Gabb, Pal. Vol.
2, 1869, p. 243; Martinez Group, Martinez.

Not Lucina nasuta, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser, Vol. 5, 1915,
p. 42, listed from Loc. 458 (U. C. Coll.). — Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420, 445, Type Tejon records.

This is a minute species which was described by Gabb
from the Martinez Group. Dickerson has listed it, how-
ever, from at least one Type Tejon locality, but a search
for the specimen from this place which formed the basis of
the record has been unsuccessful. The species is apparently
not found in the Type Tejon Eocene.

165. ["Lucina (Myrtsea) n .s." Dickerson]

Lucina (Myrtaa) n. s. Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5,
1915, p. 42; Locs. 244 and 245 (C. A. S. Coll.).

This combination was used in one of Dickerson's Type
Tejon lists, but was omitted in all of those in his latest paper,
where instead we find recorded ''''Phacoides (Myrtaa) taf-
fana n. sp." from the section of the Type Tejon. Also there
are specimens bearing the latter name, labelled by Dicker-
son, in the Academy of Sciences collections from Locs. 244

J7Q CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

and 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), which serve to confirm the view
that the earlier combination was intended for the same forms
to which he later gave a specific name. It must be pointed
out, however, that the specimens so labelled do not belong to
the species figured and described as Phacoides (Myrtaa)
tafana, but to a distinct form, unsuitable for description, on
account of poor preservation.

166. [Phacoides (Myrtea) taffana Dickerson]

Phacoides (Myrtea) taffana Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9,
1916, p. 485, pi. 36, fig. 11; Loc. 672 (U. C. Coll.) north of Coalinga,
California. (Not pp. 420, 431, 445, Type Tejon records.)

Not Lucina (Myrtcea) n. sp. Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol.
5, 1915, p. 42, Type Tejon record.

This species has appeared in several of Dickerson's lists
of Type Tejon species, but his type is from Loc. 672 (U. C.
Coll.) and it is not clear upon what he based his records
of its occurrence elsewhere. He does not mention the Type
Tejon in his description and we have not seen any specimens
from there with which we may confirm his records. Speci-
mens in the collections of the Academy of Sciences from
Locs. 244 and 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), labelled "Phacoides
tafana" by Dickerson are clearly not of the same species as
that figured by him under this name. They are probably the
basis of his record of Lucina (Myrtcea) n. sp. in his earlier
paper, but as they are not sufficiently well preserved to serve
for description, none is attempted here,

167. [Diplodonta polita (Gabb)]

? Mysia polita Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 178, pi. 30, fig.
256; Division B, Martinez and Clayton. — Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif.
Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 244.— Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Kept.,
1888, p. 287.— Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 14.—
Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 7, 1913, p. 265.

Diplodonta polita (Gabb), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol.
5, 1915, pp. 49 and 51.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9,
1916, p. 430.

It appears from the above references that most of the
writers, who have dealt with the fauna of the Tejon Group,
have followed the error of Gabb in listing this form from

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE \']\

the type section of the same. Dickerson stated In his second
paped cited above (p. 51) that this form, among others, is
a "characteristic and most abundant species" of the "type
Tejon" fauna, although he does not include it in either of
his more formal tables of the same in his latest paper,
(above cit., pp. 420 and 445,) where it should be found if
he really regarded it as occurring there. We know of no
specimens from the Group.

168. Divaricella cumulata (Gabb)

Lucina cumulata Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 176, 233,
pi. 24, fig. 254, rare near Fort Tejon. — Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 304.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif, Pal. Vol. 2, 1869,
p. 243.— Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 199.—

Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 284. — Dickerson,
Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen Vol. 5, 1915, p. 42, pi. 2, fig. 4, Loc.
244 (C. A. S. Coll.)— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916,
pp. 420, 444, Type Tejon records.

The records and collections indicate that this little species
is confined to the horizon, perhaps to the type locality of the
Tejon Group. The collections of the Academy of Sciences
contain six specimens from Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.). The
divaricate sculpture in all of them extends entirely to the
margin of the shell, a feature not shown in the original
figure. No other species of the genus Divaricella is known
to have such heavy concentric ridges as this.

169. Kellia catacta Anderson & Hanna, new name

Plate 2, figure 6

Corbula harrisi Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser. Vol. 5, 1915,
pp. 42, 56, Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.), and pi. 4, fig. 6.— Dickerson,
Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420, 445, Type Tejon records.

Not Corhula (Cuneocorbula) s^iftiana harrisii Dall, Trans. Wagner Free
Inst. Sci. Vol. 3, pt. 4, 1898, p. 855.

The type locality of this species is Live Oak Canyon, Kern
County, California. A careful examination of the type and
other specimens reveals the fact that they do not belong to
Corbula, but to the genus Kellia. Unfortunately Dickerson's
name was a homonym and cannot be retained, according to
the rules of nomenclature.

J 72 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

170. Kellia uvasana (Dickerson)
Plate 2, figure 7; plate 9, figure 11

Corbula wvasana Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915,
pp. 42, 56, pi. 4, fig. 7, Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Live Oak Canyon,
Type Tejon locality. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9,
1916, pp. 420, 445, Type Tejon records.

An examination of the type and other specimens, as in the
case of the preceding species, discloses the fact that they
do not belong to the genus Corbula, but to Kellia. Exter-
nally this species somewhat resembles K. eocanica ( de
Raina) as figured by Cossman and Pissarro from the Paris
Basin. ^^^ The shell is small, thin, elliptical; surface smooth,
except for small radial ridges extending from the umbones
to the margins near the anterior and posterior ends, form-
ing small marginal denticulations within.

171. Crassatellites uvasanus (Conrad)

Plate 4, figures 2, 3 ; text figure 7

Crassatella uvasana Conrad, House Doc. 129, Projected Vol. 3, 33d Congress,
1st Sess. 1855, p. 9, App. to Rep. of W. P. Blake.— Conrad, Pac. R. R.
Repts. Vol. 5, 1857, p. 320, pi. 2, fig. 5. — Carpenter, Rept. Brit. Ass.
Ad. Sci. 1864, p. 589; also Smith. Misc. Coll. 252, 1872, p. 75.— Gabb,
Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 214.— Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 304.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2,
1869, p. 244. — Conrad, Amer. Journ. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p. 10. — Heil-
prin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 199. — Cooper, Calif.
State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 279. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ.
Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 368.

Crassatellites wvasana (Conrad), Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. 1906, Prof. Ppr.
47, p. 14.— Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, p.
42.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420, 430,
444, Type Tejon records.

Crassatella aha Conrad, House Doc. 129, Proj. Vol. 3, 33d Congress, 1855,
p. 9, App. to Rept. of Blake. — Conrad, Pac. R. R. Repts. Vol. 5, 1857, p.
320.— Carpenter, Rept. Brit. Ass. Ad. Sci. 1864, p. 589; also Smith.
Misc. Coll. 252, 1872, p. 75.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1,
1864, p. 181, and Vol. 2, 1869, p. 189.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ.
Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 368.

Not Crassatella alta Conrad, Foss. Shells Tert. Form. No. 2, 1832, p. 21, pi.
7, from Eocene of Alabama.

"5 Icon. Comp. pi. 28, figs. 89-8.

Vol. XI]

ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE

173

Crassatella grandis Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 181, and
Vol. 2, 1869, p. 244, Type Tejon records.— Gabb, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc.
Vol. 3, 1867, p. 304.— Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34,
1882, p. 199.— Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 279,
Type Tejon record.

Not Crassatella grandis Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 181,
pi. 24, fig. 163, from Claj-ton.

Crassatcllites grandis (Gabb), Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47,
1906, p. 14.— Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915,
pp. 42, 50, pi. 1, fig. 8, Type Tejon records. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420, 430, 437, 444, Type Tejon records.

? Crassatellttes matheiusonii (Gabb), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th
Ser., Vol. 5, p. 42, and Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420,
444, Type Tejon records.

Conrad originally described this species briefly, but figured
it well, from the type section of the Tejon Group. Gabb
erred in identifying Tejon specimens with his C. grandis ,
from near Clayton's, and subsequent writers have copied his
error. Dickerson figured a young specimen of the Tejon

Fig. 7. Crassatellites wvasanus (Conrad); one half natural size; drawn
from plesiotype No. 1704 (C. A. S. Coll) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group.

species as C. uvasanus, and an adult specimen as C grandis.
An examination of a large amount of material from the
Tejon locality has convinced us that there is only one species
belonging to this section, and this is C. uvasanus (Conrad).
This species is characterized by the undulations on the
umbones, formed by the concentric ridges and growth lines,
and this character seems to be constant. It is larger than
C. grandis Gabb, from near Clayton's, and differs in other

174 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

characters as well. The hinge is figured here for the first
time. Dickerson has identified specimens from the Cowlitz
Group of Washington with the Tejon form, but called both
C. grandis. Probably the Cowlitz form is distinct from either
of the California species.

172. [Astarte mathewsonii Gabb]

Astarte mat/ieivsonii Gabb, Geol, Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 179, pi.
30, fig. 258, near Martinez.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869,
p. 244, "Chico Group," Martinez,

Not Crassatellttes mathe'wsonii (Gabb), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. S«. Proc.
4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, p. 42, Type Tejon record. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420, 444, Type Tejon records, and not
pi. 36, figs. 9a and 9b, from Loc. 672 (U. C. Coll.), north of Coalinga.

Gabb's species was described from the Chico Group, near
Martinez, and is presumably not a Tejon species. Dickerson
has listed it as occurring at Loc. 451 (U. C, Coll.), but
figured a specimen from Loc. 672 (U. C. Coll.). It is not
known that the species belongs to the genus Crassatellttes,
although this seems probable. At all events there is no other
species described to which Dickerson could apparently have
referred the specimen he figured as C. mathewsonii (Gabb).

173. Venericardia hornii (Gabb)
Plate 4, figure 1

Cardita planicosta Lamarck, Conrad, House Doc. 129, Proj. Vol. 3, 33d

Congress, 1st Sess. 1855, p. 10, App. to Rep. of W^. P. Blake; also Pac.

R. R. Repts. Vol. 5, 1857, p. 321, pi. 2, fig. 6; reported from Fort Tejon.

— Carpenter, Rept. Brit. Ass. Ad. Sci. 1864, p. 589; also Smith. Misc.

Coll. 252, 1872, p. 75.— Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept, 1888,

p. 277, Type Tejon record. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 7,

1913, p. 264, Type Tejon record.
Venericardia planicosta (Lam.), Gabb, Am. Jour. Conch. Vol. 2, 1866, p.

88, Tejon record. — Conrad, Am. Jour. Conch. Vol. 2, 1866, p. 100. —

Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 14.

Cardita hornii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 174, 232, pi.
24, fig. 157; near Fort Tejon. — Conrad, Am. Jour. Conch. Vol. 1,
1865, p. 364.— Gabb, Am. Jour. Conch. Vol. 2, 1866, p. 91.— Gabb,
Calif. Acad, Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 304.— Gabb, Geol. Surv.
Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 187, pi. 30, figs. 83 and 83a.— Heilprin,
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol, 34, 1882, pp, 199 and 211; species

Vol. XI] ANDERSOX AND HANNA—TYPE TEJOM EOCENE J 75

from Tejon reviewed. — Harris, Science, Vol. 22, Aug. 1893, p. 97, stated
this is Venericardia planicosta (Lamarck).

Venericardia planicosta Van hornii (Gabb), Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv.
Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 14, Type Tejon record. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad.
Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 43, 49, 51, Type Tejon records.—
DiCKERSON, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 426, 432, 438,
447 Type Tejon records.

This species is very abundant at the type locality of the
Tejon Group, where Blake originally found it, and as re-
ported by Conrad. Gabb pointed out the differences existing
between it and V. planicosta from the Paris Basin. ^^^

174. Nucula vitis Anderson & Hanna, new species
Plate 2, figure 14; text figure 8

Nucula cooperi Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser. Vol. 5, 1915, p.

42.— DiCKERSON, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 426, 431,

446, Type Tejon lists.
Not Nucula cooperi Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 7, 1913, p. 290,

pi. 14, figs. 2a, 2b, from Marysville Buttes, California.

Shell trigonal in outline, rounded below; beaks full, turned
gently backward; anterior slope convex, joining the basal
margin with rounded angle; posterior slope flattened, almost
straight, joining basal margin with abrupt angle of a little
more than 90°, sculptured only with rather coarse lines of

Fig. 8. (a) Diagrammatic cross section of Nucula vitis near center of mar-
ginal area, showing sculpture; (b) Nucula cooperi.

growth; remainder of surface marked by distinct lines of
growth and numerous radiating threads which are very nar-
row, only about one-third as wide as the flat-bottomed
grooves; boundary of posterior slope carinated, slightly con-
vex when viewed horizontally; length 8.2 mm.; height 6.9
mm.

Type: No. 788, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci., left valve; col-
lected at Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), Grapevine Creek, Kern
County, Califonia, by Bruce G. Martin; Type Tejon Eocene.

^^ See Cossman and Pissarro, Icon. Eocene Env. Paris, 1906, pi. 30, fig. 97-1,
pi. 31, fig. 97-1.

J 75 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

The Tejon species is larger than A'', cooperi Dickerson,
in which the posterior slope is not convex; radial threads are
broader in the last and are separated by narrow grooves as
shown somewhat diagrammatically in the figure herewith.
In Nucula vitis the posterior and anterior slopes meet at the
beak in an angle of 90°, whereas in A^. cooperi the angle is
1 10°. All references to A^. cooperi in the Type Tejon local-
ity appear to have been based upon mistaken identity.

175. Acila gabbiana Dickerson

Plate 9, figure 12

Acila gahbtana Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420,
426, 430, 437, 444, 481, pi. 36, fig. 1.— Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci.
Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 50, nojnen nudum.

In 1915 Dickerson listed this species as a nomen nudum
from the type section of the Tejon Group, as recorded
above, and stated that it, among others, is "most abundant"
there, but he has not included it in the lists on pages 42 or
49, nor did he cite any definite data concerning it. The fol-
lowing year he described the species from Loc. 1817 (U. C.
Coll.), north of Coalinga. In the latter paper he included it
in two Tejon lists (pp. 420, and 444), and mentions it as
being found in the section of the Type Tejon (pp. 426, 430
and 437). Thus far only one specimen of the species has
been seen from the locality of the Type Tejon; it was ob-
tained by the writers at Loc. 792 (C. A. C. Coll.) on
Tecuya Creek, not far above the base of the group. The
speices must, therefore, be regarded as belonging to the
fauna of the Tejon Group at its type locality.

176. [Acila truncata Gabb]

Acila truncata Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol 1, 1864, p. 198, pi. 26,
figs. 184, 184 a-b, Chico Group, Pence's Ranch. — Conrad, Am, Jour.
Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p. 364.— Gabb, Am. Jour. Conch. Vol. 2, 1866, p. 92.
— Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 304.— Gabb, Geol. Surv.
Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, pp. 197, 250, recorded as occurring at Tejon,
as well as at several Cretaceous localities. — Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, pp. 199, 200, 202.— Cooper, Calif. State Min.
7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 288.— Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr.
47, 1906, p. 14.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Vol. 7, 1913, p. 264,
(as Nucula cf. truncata.) recorded as being found at Type Tejon locality.

March 18, 1925

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE \yy

Most writers who have dealt with the Tejon Group have
copied Gabb's record of this species as occurring in the type
section. After an exhaustive search of the collections from
there we have seen no specimens referable to the species.
Dickerson has not included it in any of his formal lists of
the Tejon species from the type section, although indirectly
he has suggested that it may occur there.

177. ["Acila n. sp." Dickerson]

Acila n. sp. Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 42,
49, Type Tejon records; Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.), near Grapevine Can-
yon, Kern County, and also Loc. 452 (U. C. Coll.), Grapevine Canyon.

The collections referred to above have been searched, but
no Acila of any species has been found in them and we are
at a loss to know the basis of these records. They are men-
tioned here only to complete the references of species re-
ported from this locality.

178. Leda^^'' vogdesi Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 2, figures 8, 9

Leda protexta ? Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 199, 235,
Type Tejon records; not pi. 26, fig. 185, Clayton to Marsh's, near
Mount Diablo.

Not Leda protexta Gabb, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 2nd Ser., Vol. 4, p. 303,
pi. 48, fig. 23; New Jersey. — Conrad^ Am. Jour. Conch. Vol. 1, 1865, p.
365.— Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, pp. 199, 202,
Type Tejon records.

? Nuculana gabbii Conrad, Checklist Eoc. and Oligoc. Foss. Smiths. Misc.
Coll. No. 200, 1866, p. 3. Absolute no>men nudum; no locality or de-
scription cited.

Leda gabbii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, pp. 197, 250, Type
Tejon records. — Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p.
202, Type Tejon record. — Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept.
1888, p. 284; listed from San Emigdio Canyon only. — Arnold, U. S.

'" In continuing to use the generic name, Leda, it seems possible that the time
is only being prolonged when a change will be inevitable if the present code of
nomenclature be followed. Nevertheless, we do not feel that the step should be taken
in this paper but should come from someone in this country who is able to consult
and check original sources of names. Some European conchologists and paleon-
tologists have abandoned Leda and adopted Nuculana for several years and Iredale
has stated (Trans. New Zealand Institute, Vol. 47, 1915, p. 483.) that both names
were adopted originally for the same purpose, to replace Niicula of Lamarck, and
that if Nuculana Link, 1807, not be used then both must be discarded because Link's
name has 10 years priority.

lyg CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papbrs.

Geo!. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 14, Type Tejon record. — Dickerson,
Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 7, 1913, p. 256.— Dickerson, Calif. Acad.
Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 42, 49, 51, Type Tejon records;
not pi. 1, fig. 1, same paper; Loc. 672 (U. C. Coll.). — Dickerson, Univ.
Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420, 431, 438, 445, Type Tejon records;
not p. 504, pi. 36, fig. 3, same paper; Loc. 672 (U. C. Coll.).

Leda gabbii Gabb, Hanna, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th sen Vol. 13, 1924, p.
170; further discussion of the nomenclature in which L. gabbii is in-
volved.

Shell small, much inflated; sculpture consisting of regular,
evenly spaced concentric ridges which do not extend as far
as the posterior slope; anterior dorsal margin almost
straight, slightly convex; basal margin circular, the center of
the arc being 1 mm. above the beak; posterior slope gently
concave; posterior end narrowly rounded; the beaks very
little forward of the center of the shell. A simple depression
passes from the beak to the basal margin just beneath the
posterior dorsal margin; growth lines extend only up to this
depression, but do not cross it. Length, 8.3 mm.; altitude
4.7 mm.; thickness, about 2.6 mm.

Type: No. 780, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; left valve with a
portion of the right, collected at Loc. No. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.),
Live Oak Creek, Kern County, California, by Bruce G. Mar-
tin; Type Tejon Eocene.

No species of Leda has been seen from the California
Tertiary deposits which appears to agree with the specimens
from this locality. Leda gabbii is considerably larger, much
more attenuated behind, and the sculpture is somewhat finer.
Right or wrong, Gabb mentioned numerous localities in
which he believed his species occurred, such as Clayton,
Marsh's, Martinez, San Diego, Alizos Creek (near Grape-
vine Creek), and San Emigdio. Specimens in the collections
of the California Academy of Sciences from the first locality
mentioned, and in the University of California from
Marsh's, correspond to the original figure, so that it may
be assumed that it came from a group older than the Tejon,
which has been described by Clark under the name of
Meganos.^^^ It is believed that all records of L. gabbii in the
Type Tejon are really based upon specimens of L. vogdesi,

"' Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., Vol. 29, 1918, pp. 281-296.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE J 79

since we have found no specimens of the former in any of the
collections from there. Dickerson recorded it in many places
from the "Type Tejon", but his figured specimens were
obtained from near Coalinga.

All of the references to Leda gabbii above except the last
cite the name as of Conrad, The latter's nomen nudum
has no standing in nomenclature and the name must be
cited as of Gabb.

The type of Leda gabbii Gabb came apparently from
the vicinity of Mount Diablo, and not from the type locality
of the Tejon, although Gabb believed that it occurred there.

Leda gabbii Gabb should not be confused with Leda gab-
bana (Whitfield) ^^^ from New Jersey Tertiary. The two
names are probably sufficiently distinct to stand.

Leda vogdesi is named in honor of the late General An-
thony W. Vogdes of San Diego, well known for his biblio-
graphical labors on California geology.

179. Leda uvasana Dickerson

Leda uvasana Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, pp.
42, 51, 52, pi. 1, figs. 2a and 2b. Type locality. No. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.).
— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420, 445.

This large species of Leda has not been found elsewhere
than at the Type locality of the Tejon, and is represented in
the collections of the Academy of Sciences by five specimens
in addition to the type and paratype. Some slight variation
is noticeable, even in Dickerson's figures, chiefly in the sculp-
turing, but it is unimportant. The dark shading on the ante-
rior slope of his figure two is accidental and does not exist
on the specimen itself.

180. Leda parkei Anderson & Hanna, new species
Plate 2, figures 10, 11

Shell sculptured with uneven lines of growth, and there-
fore without the regular concentric ornamentation usually
found in members of this genus; anterior end and basal
margin gently rounded; posterior dorsal slope concave,

^MU. S. Geol. Surv. Monog. 9, 188S, p. 106, pi. 11, figs. 11-13.

J 80 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

bounded by an Impressed area which is relieved by small
sharp ridges, and crossed by distinct concentric sculpturing.
The posterior dorsal margin and the basal margin meet in a
sharp angle and point.

Type: No. 782, Mus. Calif, Acad. Sci.; left valve; para-
type. No. 783, left valve; collected at Loc. 244 (C. A. S.
Coll.), Live Oak Creek, Kern County, California, by Bruce G.
Martin in 1914; Type Tejon Eocene.

The irregular sculpture and peculiar posterior slope dis-
tinguish this species from any other known to us. Only two
specimens were found.

Named for Lieutenant J. G. Parke of the topographical
corps of the Pacific Railroad Survey.

181. Area hornii Gabb
Plate 2, figures 1, 2

Area hornii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 194, pi. 30, fig.
263, Type locality of the Tejon Group. — Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif.
Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 249.— Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3,
1867, p. 304.— Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 274.—
Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 14. — Dickerson, Calif.
Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, p. 42, Type Tejon record, but
not pi. 1, fig. 4, Loc. 672 (U. C. Coll.), north of Coalinga. — Dickerson,
Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420, 426, 430, 444, Type Tejon
records, and possibly pi. 36, fig. 4, Loc. 672, (U. C. Coll.), north of
Coalinga.

The original figure of this species is defective; it shows
the ribbing much too coarse. The collections studied con-
tain many good examples from the type locality and occa-
sion is taken to re-illustrate it, and to show the hinge for
the first time. This is found to have 30 teeth set in a
gently curved line.

182. [Barbatia morsei Gabb]

Barhatia morsei Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 216, pi. 32,
fig. 286, described from near San Diego, Ceilifornia. — Gabb, Geol.
Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, same locality, but not listed from the Type
Tejon.

Vox- XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE \^\

Not Barbatia morsei, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915,
pp. 42, 49, 50, Type Tejon records; Loc. 453 (U. C. Coll.). — Dicker-
son, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420, 437, Type Tejon
records.

This species was originally described from the Upper
Eocene deposits of San Diego County, and was not included
by Gabb as a Tejon species at the Type locality. The first
mention of it from the latter place was by Dickerson, in
1915; in his later paper he also listed it from there in two
tables, but omitted it from another which should have con-
tained it, if he had actually found it. An examination of the
collections from the type locality of the Tejon Group has
not revealed any specimens of this species, and we are unable
to confirm its occurrence. The only Area of any species,
other than hornit, found there is in the basal beds at Locs.
246 (C. A. S. Coll.), and 453 (U. C. Coll.), but the speci-
mens do not appear to be B. morsei and probably belong to
a new species. They are not sufficiently well preserved for
description.

183. Glycymeris sagittata (Gabb)

Plate 1, figure 6

Ax'tnea (Limopsis) sagittata Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp.
197, 235, pi. 31, figs. 267 and 267a; near Fort Tejon, and Martinez. —
Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 304.— Gabb, Geol.
Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, pp. 196, and 249; reported from Tejon,
Griswolds and Martinez. — Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol.
34, 1882, p. 199.— Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 276.
— Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 14.

Glycimeris sagittatus (Gabb), Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9,
1916, pp. 420, 426, 430, 437, 445, Type Tejon records. (Not p. 504, pi.
36, figs. 5a and 5b.)

This species is very abundant at the type locality of the
Tejon Group from which it was originally described. Gabb's
figure is deficient, in that he did not illustrate the hinge.
This is almost, but not quite straight, with the line of the
teeth bent downward at each end. There are 12 well defined
teeth on each side of the central area; in this they are small
and indistinct. The ligamental area is long and narrow and
contains about five wide-spreading, inverted V-shaped ridges.
The outer surface is usually smooth to the unaided eye, but

Jg2 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

is marked on the umbones with about 3S narrow radiating
grooves. These disappear above the margin of the shell
in well grown specimens, while the flat ribs between the
grooves, 12 in number, do not extend to the margin. The
ribs are crossed by concentric lines of growth of equal size,
which gives the surface a delicate cross-hatched appearance
under the lens. The incised V-shaped lines shown in Gabb's
figure appear on some specimens as pits caused by the wavy
lines of growth around marginal crenulations.

Almost all writers on the Tejon fauna who have given
lists of species have included this one as from the Type
locality. But unfortunately it has also been recorded from
almost every important Eocene locality in the west, from
the Martinez group up. Very few of these records have
been checked in the preparation of this paper, but it can be
stated positively that some of them are incorrect. The speci-
mens from the Cowlitz formation of Vader, Washington,
which Dickerson has identified as "G. sagitattus" (Gabb)^^^
do not belong to this species. The species figured by him in
his last Tejon paper^^^ is apparently not distinct from G.
hannibali on the same page.

184. Glycymeris viticola Anderson & Hanna, new species
Plate 1, figure 5 ; plate 3, figure 1

Glycimeris eocenica (Weaver), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen
Vol. S, 1915, p. 42, Type Tejon records. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420, 445, Type Tejon records.

Not Pectunculus eocenica Weaver, Wash. Geol. Surv. Bull. 15, 1912, p. 28,
pi. 5, figs. 52 and 53; Loc. 227 (U. W. Pal, Coll.).

Shell small, equilateral, not inflated, with umbones rather
low; apical angle about 95°; surface sculptured with 2S
radial ribs, flattened on top, with interspaces crossed by fine
lines of growth and by concentric grooves showing rest pe-
riods; hinge with seven anterior and seven posterior lateral
teeth, and with four less distinct teeth in the median area;
ligamental area marked by six inverted V-shaped ridges;
basal margin bearing crenulations corresponding to the inter-
costal grooves; length of shell, 21.5 mm.; altitude, 21.5 mm.

«» Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 49 and 51.
«» Op. cit. pi. 36, figs. 5a and 5b.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE lg3

Type: No. 777, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected at Loc.
245 (C. A. S. Coll.), Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California,
by Bruce G. Martin, 1914; Type Tejon Eocene.

Several specimens are contained in the collections of the
Academy of Sciences. They show that in its younger stages,
the apical angle is greater than 95°, and that the ribs in
unworn specimens are noded, due to the crossing of regularly
spaced concentric grooves. In the details of its ornamenta-
tion this species does not closely resemble any other western
form.

185. Glycymeris verticordia Anderson & Hanna, new species
Plate 2, figure 5; plate 11, figure 1

Glycimeris fresnoensis Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp.
420, 426, 427, 431, 444-, (Type Tejon records). (Not p. 483, pi. 36, fig.
7, Loc. 1817 (U. C. Coll.).

Shell small, sub-triangular, lower margin rounded; beak
nearer the anterior than the posterior end; surface sculp-
tured with 16 high, slightly rounded ribs, with slightly
rounded interspaces of about equal width; only the seventh
rib from the posterior end dichotomous; hinge broad and
flat, with seven strong teeth on each side of the central area;
ligament area very narrow, and beak elevated but little
above the hinge line. Length, 8 mm.; altitude, 7.5 mm.

Type: No. 776, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected at Loc.
245 (C. A. S. Coll.), Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California,
by Bruce G. Martin, 1914; Type Tejon Eocene.

Dickerson referred these specimens to G. fresnoensis de-
scribed from Loc. 1817 (U. C. Coll.) on Salt Creek, north
of Coalinga, Fresno County, California, and stated that that
species is characteristic of the Type Tejon locality (p. 427).

Although his figure of the Coalinga specimen is poor and
his description almost too meager for recognition, a com-
parison of the type specimen with those from Grapevine
Creek shows that the two are distinct. The beak in G. fres-
noensis is centrally located, but in G. verticordia it is much
nearer the anterior end. In the former the anterior and ,
posterior margins are almost straight, but in the latter the/

J04 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papbrs.

are much curved. Furthermore, the ribs in G. verticordia
are more regular, sharper, and single, whereas, in G. fresno-
ensis they are irregular in size, and are often, but not always
dichotomous. It appears that two specimens collected by
Mr. Martin at Loc. 245 (C. A. S. Coll.) are the only ones
found.

186. Glycymeris ruckmani (Dickerson)

Glycimeris ruckmani Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser. Vol, 5,
1915, pp. 42, 52, 53, pi. 1, figs. 5a and 5b. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420 and 445.

This species was first cited (p. 42) from Loc. 452 (U. C.
Coll.), but under the original description (p. S2), Loc. 458
(U. C. Coll.) is given as the Type locality. An examination
of the collections at the University of California shows that
either may be correct and both are Type Tejon localities.

The species has a smaller apical angle than that here de-
scribed as G. viticola, and also fewer ribs. The statement
in the original description that the central area of the hinge
is without teeth is not borne out by an examination of the
type specimen, and the figure of the interior (fig. 5b) of it
shows that it is decidedly denticulate.

187. Glycymeris evermanni Anderson & Hanna, new species

Plate 15, figures 1, 2, 3

Shell minute, circular, moderately inflated; umbones cen-
tral; surface marked by about 26 rounded radial ribs which
are closest together at the sides; in the center of the margin
the interspaces are slightly wider than the ribs; ribs and
interspaces crossed by coarse, equidistant, concentric grooves
which extend uniformly from the beak to the lower margin,
about 16 in number on the type specimen; hinge line curved,
having only three teeth on each side of the beak in the best
paratype; length 3.0 mm.; altitude 3.0 mm.

Type: left valve, No. 964, paratypes, Nos. 965 and 966,
Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci.; collected by G. D. Hanna and M. A.
Hanna at Loc. 711 (C. A, S. Coll.), Grapevine Creek, Kern
County, California, June, 1921; Type Tejon Eocene.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEION EOCENE lg5

This little species is beautifully cancellated on the outer
surface. Three well preserved specimens were extracted
from very hard rock and the inner margin of one shows
crenulations. It is not rare in the stratum in which it was
found, though this rock is perhaps exceptional.

The species is named in honor of Dr. Barton Warren
Evermann, Director, California Academy of Sciences, in
recognition of much aid in the publication of this report.

188. [Glycymeris instabilis Anderson & Hanna]

Axinea cor Gabb, Geol. Sur\-. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 198, 235, pi. 31,
figs. 268, 268a; Martinez.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869,
p. 250; Type Tejon, Martinez. — Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann.
Rept. 1888, p. 276.— Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p.
14; Gabb's error repeated.

Glycimeris cor (Gabb), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5,
1915, pi. 1, fig. 6; no locality given.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ.
Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 426, 431, 445, Type Tejon records.

Not Pectunculus cor Lamarck, Hist. Ann. Sans Vert. Vol. 6, 1822, p. 55.

Glycimeris gabbi Cossmann, Rev. de Paleozoologie, Vol. 17, 1913, p. 64.

Not Glycymeris gabbi Dall, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 59, 1909, p. 108, pi.
11, fig. 5.

The type locality of this species was said to be Martinez,
but Gabb also listed it in the Tejon column (Pal. Vol. 1, p.
235,) probably through mistaken identity. In his second
volume (Pal. Vol. 2, p. 250) he omitted the Tejon locality,
but recorded it from the Tejon Group, Martinez.

Dickerson figured a specimen (above cit.) without any
description, and without assigning a locality, which may be
identical with his G. riickmani from Loc. 458 (U. C. Coll.),
Tejon Quadrangle. The specimen is apparently not the same
as G. instabilis and the record of this species (as G. cor)
in his latest paper is not altogether satisfactory. He omitted
it from his list of species from the Type Locality of the
Tejon on p. 420, but included it on p. 426, and on the fol-
lowing page he enumerated it among the "characteristic
forms at the type locality of the Tejon". His later lists
(pp. 431 and 445) contain it.

With the record so confused and without finding any other
specimens in any of the collections examined, which can serve

135 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

to confirm Dickerson's record, or the occurrence of the
species at the type section of the Tejon Group, it appears
best to exclude it until better evidence of its presence there
can be obtained.

Cossmann renamed Gabb's species because of a previous
use of the specific name by Lamarck for a species in the
same genus; but the name he chose had already been used
with Glycymeris. We are indebted to Mr. Merle C. Israel-
sky for calling our attention to the name given by Cossmann.

189. Mytilus ascia Gabb

Myttlus ascia Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 183, 233, pi. 30,
fig. 259, Type Tejon locality.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol, 2,
1869, p. 245.— Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p.
199. — Cooper, Calif. State. Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 287. — Arnold,
U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 14.

Conrad described Mytilus humerus from the type section
of the Tejon Group, and although he mentioned no charac-
ters Vv^hich seem to be specifically diagnostic, and his figure
is poor, still we have been fortunate enough to obtain speci-
mens that agree in all essential respects with his figure. It
is not improbable that there are two species of Mytilus m
these beds. M. ascia seems to be distinct and easily recog-
nized, and is admitted herein even though other collectors
have not reported finding specimens.

190. Mytilus humerus Conrad

Figure 9

Mytilus humerus Conrad, House Doc. 129, Proj. Vol. 3, 33d Congress, 1st.
Sess. 1855, p. 9, App. to Rep. W. P. Blake.— Conrad, Pac. R. R. Repts.
Vol. 5, 1857, p. 321, pi. 2, fig. 10, Type Tejon locality. — Carpenter,
Rept. Brit. Ass. Ad. Sci. 1864, p. 589; also Smith. Misc. Coll. 252, 1872,
p. 75.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 184, 233, locality
questioned.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 245, Type
Tejon locality not questioned. — Conrad, Amer. Journ. Conch. Vol. 1,
1865, p. 10.— Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 287.—
Arnold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 14.

This species was described from the type section of the
Tejon Group, but both figure and description are poor. We
have been fortunate enough to obtain specimens which are

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE J 87

identifiable with reasonable assurance and supply here an
outline drawing of one. Gabb described another species,

Fig 9. Mytilus humerus Conrad, x 2.

from the Tejon locality, but Dickerson did not seem to
recognize either of them in his work.

'to'

191. Septifer dichotomus Gabb
Plate 1, figure 2

Septifer dichotomus Gabb. Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1S64, pp. 186, 234,
p. 30, fig. 261 ; near Fort Tejon.— GabBj Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc.
Vol. 3, 1867, p. 304.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 246,
Tejon record. — Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p.
199. — Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 291. — Arnold,
U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 14.— Dickerson, Calif. Acad.
Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, p. 43; Loc. 454 (U. C. Coll.), Type
Tejon locality. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp.
421, 447, Type Tejon records.

Not Mytilus dichotomus Cooper, Calif. State Min. Bur. Bull. No. 4, 1894, p.
49, pi. 5, fig. 64; near Coalinga, California.

As far as the records show this species has been collected
only twice, and that at the type locality of the Tejon Group.
The specimens referred to by Dickerson have been examined
and his identification confirmed.

Cooper described Mytilus dichotomus, and suggested that
Gabb's specimen may have belonged to this genus, and not to
Septifer; but the type specimen (No. 613, in the collections
of the Academy of Sciences) from Coalinga has much finer
sculpture than Gabb's figure shows, and is wider in propor-
tion to the length. Confirmation of Gabb's generic deter-
mination can be made only by an inspection of his type, or
by the finding of additional good material at the type local-

jgg CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

ity, neither of which has been done, although the species
seems to have been found at Loc. 816 (C. A. S. Coll.) on
the east side of Pastoria Creek.

192. Brachydontes omatus (Gabb)

Plate 3, figure 4

Modiola ornata Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 184, 234, pi.
24, fig. 166, Division B, Martinez and Marsh's; not recorded from
Tejon section. — Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3, 1867, p. 304. —
Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 199.— Gabb,
Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 245, recorded as found at the
Tejon locality. — Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept. 1888, p. 286. —
Arkold, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Ppr. 47, 1906, p. 14.

Modiolus ornatus (Gabb), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser. Vol.
5, 1915, p. 42, listed from Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.).— Dickerson, Univ.
Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 426, 431, 438, and 446.

In the original description this species was not listed from
the type locality of the Tejon, but in Vol. 2 this was done.
The collections in the Academy of Sciences contain 20 speci-
mens of Brachydontes from Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.)
which, in all visible characters seem to be a single species,
but not all of them resemble the species from Martinez.
The umbonal ridge in B. ornatus as shov/n in the figure is
arcuate, forming no very decided angle in cross-section, and
having a gentle slope toward the ventral margin; in the vari-
ation most comm.on at Loc. 244 (C. A. S. Coll.) the
umbonal ridge is almost straight, the slopes forming an
abrupt angle, with a steep ventral slope. The umbonal ridge
is also bordered below by a distinct longitudinal depression.
Nevertheless the specimens can hardly be regarded as a dis-
tinct species at present.

193. Pteria pellucida (Gabb)
Plate 1, figure 1

Avicula pellucida Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 186, pi. 25,
fig. 172, Division B, near Martinez, etc. — Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif.
Pal. Vol. 2, 1S69, p. 246, recorded also from Tejon, and many other
places. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol, 7, 1913, p. 264, also
Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420, 430, 437, 444, Type Tejon records,- Dickerson,
Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, p. 42, recorded from Loc.
244 (C. A. S. Coll.), Type Tejon.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE Jgg

In this species the surface is smooth, except for rounded
ridges parallel to lines of growth; angle made by lines drawn
on the umbonal ridge and the hinge, about SS°.

Gabb listed this form from many points in California,
including a number belonging to the Cretaceous period.
Stanton stated that the species "belongs to a simple type of
Avicida that is well represented in the Cretaceous, and on to
the present day".'^^ Dickerson listed it from Loc. 244 (C.
A. S. Coll.), and an examination of the material upon which
the record was based enables us to confirm the identification;
we were fortunate enough also to find several good speci-
mens at Tecuya Canyon, Locs. 792 and 823 (C. A. S. Coll.),
as well as at Live Oak Canyon.

194. [Pinna barrowsi Dickerson]

Pinna barroivsi Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 8, 1914, p. 125, pi.
8, fig. 3 ; Martinez Group, Martinez.

Not Pinna barrozvsi Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915,
p. 42; Loc. 452 (U. C. Coll.), Type Tejon section. — Dickerson, Univ.
Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 421, 446, Type Tejon records.

In his paper on the Fauna of the Martinez Eocene of
California Dr. Dickerson recorded this species as occurring
in the Tejon (p. 160). We have no information as to what
the record is based upon, but the species is omitted from
the Tejon column (p. 108) of the same paper, though it is
included in his later paper in some of his more formal lists
of Tejon species, and omitted from others. The only real
basis for the record of the species in the Type Tejon sec-
tion is reputed material from Loc. 452 (U. C. Coll.) ; in this
we have been unable to find any support for the Tejon
references.

195. Spondylus carlosensis Anderson
Figure 10

spondylus carlosensis Anderson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 3rd Ser., Vol. 2,
1905, pp. 39, 43, pi. 13, fig. 1, type localitj-, Avenal Sands, west of
Coalinga, California. — Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol.
5, 1915, pp. 39, 43, pi. 1, fig. 7, listed from Loc. 246 (C. A. S. Coll.), and
Loc. 457 (U. C. Coll.).— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9,
1916, pp. 421, 431 and 447, listed from Type Tejon.
i«^ U. S. Geol. Surv. 17th Ann. Rept. 1896, p. 1032.

190 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

Anderson's and DIckerson's specimens and several others
have been examined, and it appears certain that they belong
to the genus Spondyliis. Characters such as could be used
for the specific discrimination of members of this variable
group have not been found among the specimens from the

Fig. 10. Hinge of Spondylus carlosensis Anderson, x 2. Specimen No. 795
(C. A. S. Coll.) from Grapevine Canyon, Kern County, California.

two localities and the species is therefore accredited to the
Type Locality of the Tejon Group although originally de-
scribed from the vicinity of Coalinga. It has been collected
near the base of the section in both Grapevine and Pastoria
Creeks.

196. [Placunanomia inornata Gabb]

Placunanomia inornata Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, p. 217, pi.
32, fig. 288a; near San Diego, and Corral Hollow. — Gabb, Geol.
Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, p. 252; localities as before.

Not Placunanomia inornata Gabb, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen,
Vol. 5, 1915, pp. 49 and 51, Type Tejon records. — Dickerson, Univ.
Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 431 and 438, Type Tejon records.

Although Gabb has listed many species from the Tejon
section which are not found at the type locality, he has not
included this one. Dickerson, however, has cited it in some
of his lists and omitted it from others. In his earlier paper
he omitted it on p. 42, but on p. 51 he included it as one
of the "characteristic and most abundant species" of both
the Tejon and the Cowlitz faunas. This statement seems
the more puzzling since he has omitted it from his later
and more formal lists of the Type Tejon species given in his
latest paper (above cit. pp. 421, 446, etc.), where it should
have occurred if he had evidence of its presence there. We
have seen no fossils referable to the species in any of the
collections examined. With such unsatisfactory evidence of
its occurrence it is not believed that the species should be
included in the Type Tejon list.

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE \()\

197. [Ostrea idriaensis Gabb]

Ostrea idriansis Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. "Vol. 2, 1869, pp. 203, 252, pi.
33, figs. 103b, 103c, 103d; pi. 34, figs. 103, and 103a; Tejon Group,
near New Idria, California.

Not Ostrea idricensis, Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser., Vol. 5,
1915, pp. 49, 51, Type Tejon records.

This species was described by Gabb from the vicinity of
New Idria, Fresno County, and from beds which he believed
to be of the same horizon as those about Mount Diablo,
which are not necessarily the equivalent of the Type Tejon
Group. Dickerson has listed the species from the type sec-
tion of the Tejon, and also includes it among his "charac-
teristic and most abundant species" of this fauna. Never-
theless he has not included it as such, nor mentioned it in
any of his later and m.ore formal lists of Type Tejon species
published in his latest paper (above cit., pp. 420, 431, 438,
and 446).

In the absence of satisfactory information from the pub-
lished accounts, and not having seen any specimens upon
which a confirmation of the record can be based, we cannot,
at present, give the species a place in the list of Tj^pe Tejon
species.

198. ["Ostrea sp." Dickerson]

Ostrea sp. Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Ser. Vol. 5, 1915, p. 42;
Locs. 452 and 458 (U. C. Coll.).— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol.
Vol. 9, 1916, p. 421, Type Tejon record.

Various fragmentary specimens of an indeterminate oyster
have been observed in the strata of the type section of the
Tejon Group, but no important significance has been attached
to the fact, and this record is m.entioned here only for com-
pleteness.

199. [Callianassa stimpsonii Gabb]

Callianassa stimpsonii Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 57,
220, pi. 9, figs, la, b, and c. — Gabb, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc. Vol. 3,
1867, p. 302.— Gabb, Geol. Surv. Calif. Pal. Vol. 2, 1869, pp. 127, 209,
pi. 19, fig. 3 ; fragments described from various localities, chiefly noted
as Cretaceous. — Heilprin, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. Vol. 34, 1882, p.
197.— Cooper, Calif. State Min. 7th Ann. Rept., 1888, p. 271.

192 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

The occurrence of this species as a part of the fauna of
the Tejon Group at its type locality rests solely upon the
statement of Gabb in his original description. However, it
appears that none of his figures were drawn from material
from this locality, and we may infer that no specimens from
there entered into the drafting of the description.

Cooper stated that the original description probably in-
cluded more than one species, which makes its inclusion in
this fauna even more unsatisfactory. We conclude that the
evidence is too insecure for acceptance.

200. ["Cancer ? sp. a ; and Cancer ? sp. b ;" Dickerson]

Cancer ? sp. a; and Cancer ? sp. b, Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol.
Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 427, 434, reported from the type section of the Tejon
Group; pi. 42, figs. 11 and 12.

These nondescript records are hardly worthy of notice, but
are included for the sake of completeness. They are listed
by Dickerson as occurring at the type section of the Tejon
Group but the specimens figured are from Salt Creek, north
of Coalinga, Loc. 1817 (U. C. Coll.) and the basis of the
Tejon records is not known.

201. [Schizaster lecontei Merriam]

Schizaster lecontei Merriam, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 3d Sen, Vol. 1, 1899,
pp. 164, 165, pi. 21, figs, la and lb, Martinez Group, Contra Costa
County, California.— Kew, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 12, 1920, p.
151, pi. 41, figs. 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d. — Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Vol.
8, 1914, pp. 121, 156, pi. 6, fig. 7, Mount Diablo region.

Not Schizaster lecontei, Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 7, p. 265,
Type Tejon record, nor Vol. 8, 1914, p. 113, nor Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420,
443, Type Tejon records, nor Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen Vol. 5,
1915, pp. 42, and 46.

This species was first described from the Martinez Group,
Loc. 337 (U. C. Coll.). Dickerson stated that it occurs
abundantly at the "Type section of the Tejon near Fort
Tejon" (p. 113 in above citation), but in his descriptive
note he does not record its occurrence there. In his mono-
graph of the Echinoidea Dr. Kew referred the species listed
by Dickerson as S. lecontei, to S. diabloensis Kew, and did

March 18, 1925

Vol. XI] AXDERSOX AND HANK A— TYPE TEJON EOCENE J 93

not mention the occurrence of either In the Type Tejon
Group. Dlckerson listed the species from Loc. 461 (U. C.
Coll.), which is near Grapevine Creek, Kern County, but a
search of the collections from the Type section of the Tejon
has failed to reveal a specimen referable to it.

202. ["Serpula sp." Dickerson]

Serpula sp. Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 442, Loc.
785 (U. C. Coll.) Lower Lake, Lake County, and Type Tejon record.

A record of fossil worm tubes such as the above has but
little, if any, value in stratigraphic work, since they occur in
many formations. Specimens representing more than one
species are in the collections from the type locality of the
Tejon, but no attempt has thus far been made to identify
them, or even to study them seriously as a part of the fauna.

203. Dendrophyllia tejonensis Nomland
Plate 6, figure 4

Dendrophyllia tejonensis (Nomland ms.), Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc.
4th Ser., Vol. 5, 1915, p. 42, Nomen nudum. — Noml.^nd, Univ. Calif.
Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 67, pi. 4, figs. 1 and 5; Loc. 458 (U. C.
Coll.), Grapevine Creek, Kern County, California. — Dickerson,
Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, pp. 420, 443, Type Tejon records.
— Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th ser. Vol. 7, 1917, p. 195.

This coral was described from the type section of the
Tejon Group in Grapevine Creek, Kern County, and from
near the middle of the section. The original type was not
well preserved, but the same may be said of subsequent col-
lections. The specimen figured hercAvith is by no means
complete, but may serve to supplement the information
heretofore published; it came from Loc. 816 (C. A. S.
Coll.), on the east side of Pastoria Creek, Kern County,
about four miles east of Grapevine Creek and 600 feet
above the base of the Group. The specimens are casts, but
nevertheless show some structural points not shown in Nom-
land's figure.

Another species of coral, probably belonging to the genus
Trochocyathtis, was found at Loc. 711 (C. A. S. Coll.) in

J94 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

Grapevine Creek. The best specimen in the collection is
illustrated herewith (pi. 9, fig. 5), but it is not considered
sufficiently well preserved to warrant more than passing
notice.

204. ["Turbinolia sp." Dickerson]

Turhinolia sp. Dickerson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th Sen, Vol. 5, 1915, p.
42, listed from Loc. 451 (U. C. Coll.) west side of Grapevine Creek,
Kern County.— Dickerson, Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 420,
Type Tejon record.

We hav^e no means of knowing what the author had in
view in the records here given. He might possibly refer to
'T. puslllanivia, n. sp." Dickerson {nomen nudum, first cit.
p. 40), or to T. pusillanima Nomland,^" from near Mount
Diablo. However, there is no authentic material from which
it can be known that this genus occurs in the strata of the
Type Tejon Group, and therefore we cannot include it as
a part of this fauna.

i«2Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol. Vol. 9, 1916, p. 62, pi. 3, figs. 9 and 10, Loc. 476
(U. C. Coll.).

J96 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Plate 1.

Fig. 1. Pteria pellucida (Gabb) ; plesiotype in U. C, Coll.; cast of same
No. 897 (C. A. S. Type Coll.) from Loc. 460 (U. C. Coll.), Type Tejon
Group; enlarged to 1.09; p. 188.

Fig. 2. Septifer dichotomus Gabb; plesiotype No. 763 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.09; p. 187.

Fig. 3. Cardium brnverii Gabb; plesiotype No. 766 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.09; p. 165.

Fig. 4. Corbicula ivilliamsoni, new species; type No. 768 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.09; p. 164.

Fig. 5. Glycymeris viticola. new species; type No. 777 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.09; p. 182.

Fig. 6. Glycymeris sagittata (Gabb); plesiotype No, 775 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.09; p. 181.

OC. PAPERS, CAL. ACAD. SCI. Vol. XI.

[ANDERSON & HANNA] Plate 1

198

CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIEXCES

Plate 2.

Fig. 1. .^rca liornii Gabb; plesiotype No. 761 (C. A. S. Type Coll.) from
Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.5; p. 180.

Fig. 2. Area liornii Gabb; plesiotype No. 762 (C. A. S. Type Coll.) from
Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.5; p. 180.

Fig. 3. Corhula liornii Ciabb ; plesiotype No. 1699 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.5; p. 148.

Fig. 4. Corhula liornii Gabb; plesiotype No. 1700 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.5; p. 148.

Fig. 5. Glycymeris I'erticordia, new species; type No. 776 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Ciroup ; enlarged to 2.5; p. 183.

Fig. 6. Krllia catacta, ne\v species; plesiotype No. 778 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.5; p. 171.

Fig. 7. Kellia wvasana (Dickerson); plesiotype No. 779 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon tiroup ; enlarged to 2.5; p. 172.

Fig. 8. Lfda I'ogdcsi, new species; type No. 780 (C. A. S. T\pe Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.5; p. 177.

Fig. 9. Leda I'ogdrsi, new species; paratvpe No. 781 (C. A. S. Coll.) from
Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.5; p. 177.

Fig. 10. l.rda parkei, new species; type No. 782 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.5; p. 179.

Fig. 11. Lfda parki'i, new species; paratope No. 783 (C. A. S. T\ pe Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.5; p. 179.

Fig. 12. Macoma I'ilicola, new species; type No. 1701 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.5; p. 157.

Fig. 13. Tfllina castacana, new species; type No. 796 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon (iroup; enlarged to 2.5; p. 153.

Fig. 14. Niicula I'itis, new species; type No. 788 ( C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.5; p. 175.

OC. PAPERS, CAL. ACAD. SCI. Vol. XI.

[ANDERSON & HANNA] Plate 2

200 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIESCES

Plate 3.

Fig. 1. Glycymnis -vilifola, new species; t\pe No. 777 (C. A. S. T>pe
Coll.) from Loc. 245, Type I'ejon Group; enlarged to 1.5; p. 182.

Fig. 2. Corhifula iiilliamsoni, new species; type No. 768 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 244, T} pe Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.5; p. 164.

Fig. 3. Cardiutn lintruin Conrad; plesiotype No. 767 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 711, Type Tejon (iroup; enlarged to 1.5; p. 166.

Fig. 4. Rra( liydonlcs ornalus (Gabb); plesiotype No. 764 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon (Jroup ; enlarged to 1.5; p. 188.

Fig. 5. Fitiuia tijotunsis (Dickerson) ; type No. 262 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.5. The outside of this speci-
men was figured by Dickerson (Calif Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th ser. Vol. V, 1915,
p. 82, pi. 3, fig. 2a.) and there erroneously stated to be enlarged "X 1"; the
figure there is t\vice natural size, approximately. See p. 160.

Fig. 6. Psammohia liornii (Gabb); plesiotype No. 793 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type I'ejon Group; enlarged to 1.5; p. 151.

Fig. 7. Spisula hisculpturala, new species; type No. 794 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type lejon Group; enlarged to 1.5; p. 149.

Fig. 8. Macrocallista a/idnsoni Dickerson; plesiot\pe No. 1703 (C. A. S.
Type Coll.) from Loc. 245, Type Tejon (iroup ; enlarged to 1.5; p. 162.

Fig. 9. Antigona liornii (Gabb); plesiotype No. 765 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.5; p. 158.

Fig. 10. Tellina Ifhrcki, new species; type No. 800 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon (iroup; enlarged to 1.5; p. 154.

Fig. 11. Macrocallista conradiana (Gabb); plesiotype No. 787 (C. A. S.
Type Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Ciroup; enlarged to 1.5; p. 163.

Fig. 12. Hclmintlioc/lypia ohtusa, new species; type No. 1016 (C. A. S.
Type Coll.) from Live Oak Canyon, Kern Count\, California; Type Tejon
Group ; p. 142.

Fig. 13. Hclmintlioglyf'ta ohtusa, new species; type No. 1016 (C. A. S.
Coll.) from Live Oak Canvon, Kern Countv, California; Tvpe Tejon Group;
p. 142.

OC. PAPERS, CAL. ACAD. SCI., Vol. XI.

[ANDERSON & HANNA] Plate 3

202 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Plate 4.

Fig. 1. J'rncricardia Iiornii (Gabb); plcsiotype No. 686 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 245, Type Tjon Group; reduced to .9; p. 174.

Fig. 2. Crassalrllitrs wvasanus (Conrad); plesiotype No. 1705 (C. A. S.
Type Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Cjroup; reduced to .9; p. 172.

Fig. 3. Crassatellites iivasanus (Conrad); plesiotype No. 1706 (C. A. S.
Type Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; reduced to .9; p. 172.

OC. PAPERS, CAL. ACAD. SCI., Vol. XI.

[ANDERSON & HANNA] Plate 4

204

CA LI FORM A ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Plate 5.

Fig. 1. Pitaiia californiana (Conrad); plesiotype No. 790 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 245, T>pe Tejon Group; natural size; p. 159.

Fig. 2. Pitaria calif orniana (Conrad); plesiotype No. 789 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; natural size; p. 159.

Fig. 3. Pitaria ii-vasana (Conrad) ; plesiotype No. 792 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; natural size; p. 161.

Fig. 4. Pitaria iivasana (Conrad); plesiotype No. 791 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 344, Type Tejon Group; natural size; p. 161.

Fig. 5. Intiijona lioniii (Gabb) ; plesiotype No. 1702 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; natural size; p. 158.

Fig. 6. Dosinia de-vata Gabb; plesiotype No. 774 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; natural size; p. 163.

OC. PAPERS, CAL. ACAD. SCI. Vol. XI.

[ANDERSON & HANNA] Plate 5

206

CALIFORMA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Plate 6.

Fig. 1. Gyrineuin uvasalis, new species; paratype No. 872 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Ciroup; natural size; p. 57.

Fig. 2. Amauropsis ali'cata (Conrad); plesiotype No. 873 (C. A. S. Type
Coil.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; natural size; p. 119.

Fig. 3. Cardium cooperii Cjabb; plesiotype No. 876 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 826, Rose Canvon, San Diego Count\, California; natural size; p.
166.

Fig. 4. Dfndropliyllia tejonensis Nomland ; plesiotype No. 877 (C. A. S.
Type Coll.) from Loc. 816, Type Tejon Group; natural size; p. 193.

F"ig. 5. Tfllina Icliacliapi, new species; type No. 878 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Ciroup ; natural size; p. 155.

Fig. 6. Tfllina tiliacliapi, new species; paratype No. 879 ( C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 792, Type Tejon Cjroup; natural size; p. 155.

Fig. 7. Aturia arif/ustata (Conrad); plesiotype No. 880 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 175, Knapton Washington; natural size; p. 49.

Fig. 8. Aturia kcrniana, new species; type No. 881 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 711, Fype Tejon Group; natural size of immature specimen; p. 49.

Fig. 9. Solni noi'acula, new species; type No. 882 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 792, Type Tejon Cuoup ; natural size; p. 147.

OC. PAPERS, CAL. ACAD. SCI., Vol. XI.

[ANDERSON & HANNA] Plate 6

X.

208

CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Plate 7.

Fig. 1. Amaiiropsis alvt-ata (Conrad); plesiotype No. 875 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9.5; p. 119.

Fig. 2. Marginella multifilosa. new species; type No. 956 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9.5; p. 79.

Fig. 3. Manjintlla multifilosa, new species; paratype No. 957 (C. A. S.
Type Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon C^roup ; enlarged to 9.5; p. 79.

Fig. 4. Cyliclinclla ianiilla, new species; paratype No. 960 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9.5; p. 140.

Fig. 5. Comiiiflla colnnaui, new species; paratype No. 896 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon l.iroup ; enlarged to 9.5; p. 71.

Fig. 6. Gcmrnula abaita, new species; type No. 826 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 711, T\pe Tejon Group; enlarged to 9.5; p. 92.

Fig. 7. Genimula abacta, new species; paratype No. 962 (C.A.S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9.5; p. 92.

Fig. 8. Cyliilmrlla tantilla. new species; type No. 958 (C.A.S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group: enlarged to 9.5; p. 140.

Fig. 9. Cyliiliniila tantilla, new >pecies; paratype No. 959 (C.A.S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9.5; p. 140.

Fig. 10. Exilia no-vatrix, new species; type No. 961 (C.A.S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9.5; p. 60.

OC. PAPERS, CAL. ACAD. SCI., Vol. XI.

[ANDERSON & HANNA] Plate 7

V-

210

CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Plate 8.

Fig. 1. Acteon qitercus, new species; type No. 319 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Tvpe Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.3. This specimen was fig-
ured by Dickerson (Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc. 4th ser. Vol. V, pi. 11, fig. 5) as
Acteeon. n. sp. and presumably was subsequently referred to his A. moodyi
from north of Coalinga. See p. 141.

Fig. 2. Architectonica hornii Gabb ; plesiotype No. 801 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.3; p. 123.

Fig. 3. Cancellaria paucivariiata (Gabb); plesiotype No. 804 (C. A. S.
Type Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.3; p. 81.

Fig. 4. Cancellaria paucivaricata (Gabb); plesiotype No. 805 (C. A. S.
Type Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.3; p. 81.

Fig. 5. Conus californianus (Conrad); plesiotype No. 811 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 245, Lype Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.3; p. 97.

Fig. 6. Conus submonil'ifer, new species; type No. 812 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.3; p. 99.

Fig. 7. Conus remondii ? Gabb; plesiotype No. 813 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.3; p. 100.

Fig. 8. Exilia fausta. new species; type No. 820 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.3; p. 59.

Fig. 9. Exilia fausta, new species; paratype No. 821 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.3; p. 59.

Fig. 10. Gernmula encinalis, new species; type No. 825 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.3; p. 93.

Fig. 11. Gernmula ahacta, new species; paratype No. 963 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.3; p. 92.

Fig. 12. Mitra murietta, new species; type No. 834 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.3; p. 76.

Fig. 13. Mitra itiurictta, new species; paratype No. 835 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 245, Type Tejon (jroup ; enlarged to 2.3; p. 76.

Fig. 14. Molopnp/iorus striata Gabb; plesiotype No. 836 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.3; p. 74.

Fig. 15. i\iso pistilUformis, new species; type No. 841 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon (Jroup; enlarged to 2.3; page 128.

Fig. 16. Plios hlakianus, new species; type No. 844 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Ciroup; enlarged to 2.3; p. 73.

Fig. 17. Pyramidella mucronis, new species; type No. 850 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.3; p. 134.

Fig. 18. Terebra californica Gabb; plesiotype No. 871 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.3; p. 82.

Fig. 19. Olivi'lla matliewsonii Gabb; plesiotype No. 843 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.3; p. 80.

OC. PAPERS, CAL. ACAD. SCI., Vol. XI.

[ANDERSON & HANNA] Plate 8

919 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Plate 9.

Fig. 1. Arcliitciioniia liornii Gabb ; plesiotype \o. 801 ( C.A.S. Type Coll.
from Log. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.74; p. 123.

Fig. 2. Marginclla adumbrata, new species; type No. 968 (C.A.S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9.07; p. 78.

Fig. 3. Naliia uvasana Gabb; plesiotype No. 884 (C.A.S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244. Type Tejon Ciroup ; enlarged to 1.74; p. 116.

Fig. 4. Natiia wvasana Gabb; plesiotype No. 885 (C.A.S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.74; p. 116.

Fig. 5. Troclioiyatlius ? sp. plesiotype No. 886 (C.A.S. T} pe Coll.) from
Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.74; p. 193.

Fig. 6. Coii-litxia lanalifna (Gabb); plesiotype No. 889 (C.A.S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 341, Southern Pacific Railroad Coll., Type Tejon Group;
enlarged to 1.74; p.

Fig. 7. Pluuoidis sp. ; plesiotype No. 888 (C.A.S. Type Coll.) from Loc.
244, Type Tejon Cjroup ; enlarged to 1.74; p. 170.

Fig. 8. DiploJoiita vp. ; plesiotype No. 887 (C.A.S. Type Coll.) from Loc.
244, Type Tejon CJroup ; enlarged to 1.74; p. 167.

Fig. 9. CoiLlilzia (iinalijcra (Gabb); plesiotype No. 891 (C.A.S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711. Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.74; p. 102.

Fig. 10. Siriiuri toryliformf, new species; type No. 851 (C.A.S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Ciroup; enlarged to 1.74; p. 120.

Fig. 11. Kcllia uvasana (Dickerson); plesiotype No. 894 (C.A.S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Ciroup; enlarged to 1.74; p. 172.

Fig. 12. .hiUi ijahbiana Dickerson; plesiotype No. 892 C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 792, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.74; p. 176.

Fig. 13. Coivlitzia canalifcra (Gabb); plesiotype No. 890 (C.A.S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.74; p. 102.

Fig. 14. Coinintlla colcinani, new species; t\pe No. 895 (C.A.S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.74; p. 71.

Fig. 15. Exilia [nrkinsiana (Cooper) ; cotype No. 18 (C.A.S. Type Coll.)
from Marysville Buttes, Sutter County, California; this is one of Cooper's
original specimens, described and figured in Bull. 4, Calif. State Mining
Bureau, 1894, p. 40, pi. 2, figs. 23, 24; enlarged to 1.74; see p. 61.

Fig. 16. Psammohia liornh (Gabb); plesiotype No. 893 (C.A.S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type I'ejon Group; enlarged to 1.74; p. 151.

March 18, 1925

OC. PAPERS, CAL. ACAD. SCI Vol. XI.

[ANDERSON & HANNA] Plate 9

214

CALIFORXIA ACADEMY OF SCIEXCES

Plate 10.

Fig. 1. Sipfionalia tiilarcnsis, new species; type No. 854 (C. A. S. Coil.)
from Loc. 245, Type Tejnn Group; enlarged to 1.23; p. 67.

Fig. 2. Galfodt-a prtrosa (Conrad); plesiotype No. 823 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.23; p. 108.

Fig. 3. Galeodt'a petrosa (Conrad); plesiotype No. 824 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 245. Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.23; p. 108.

Fig. 4. Gyiinriim kr^ii (Dickerson); plesiotype No. 827 ( C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.23; p. 56.

Fig. 5. Gyiiriiiim u-vasalis, new species; type No. 829 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 245. Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.23; p. 57.

Fig. 6. Mitra iivasana Dickerson; plesiotype No. 833 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 711, T\pe Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.23; p. 78.

Fig. 7. Satua hnrnii (Gabb); plesiotype No. 838 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.23; p. 115.

Fig. 8. Xatha ntidfonnis (Gabb); plesiotype No. 839 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.23; p. 116.

Fig. 9. \ati(a srda Gabb; plesiot.\pe No. 840 ( C. A. S. Type Coll.) from
Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.23; p. 11",

Fig. 10. Psi-iidoprrissolax blakei (Conrad); plesiotype No. 848 (C. A. S.
Type Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.23; p. 69.

Fig. 11. Surtula io (Gabb) ; plesiotype in Cniversity of California Collec-
tion; cast of same No. 864 (C. A. S. Type Coll.) from Type Tejon Group;
enlarged to 1.23 ; p. 88.

Fig. 12. Siircula lohni Dickerson; plesiot.vpe No. 859 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.23; p. 84.

Fig. 13. Surcula colini Dickerson; plesiot\pe No. 861 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.23; p. 84.

Fig. 14. Surcula colini Dickerson; plesiotype No. 860 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 245, T%pe Tejon CJroup; enlarged to 1.23; p. 84.

Fig. 15. Sinum coryliforwc, new species; type No. 851 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.23; p. 120.

OC PAPERS, CAL. ACAD. SCI Vol. XI.

[ANDERSON & HANNA] Plate 10

216

CALIFORXIA ACADEMY OP SCIEWCES

Plate 11.

Fig. 1. Glycymrris 'vrrticordia, new species; type No. 776 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.5; p. 183.

Fig. 2. Suniila coiequalis, new species; type No. 866 ( C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.5; p. 85.

Fig. 3. Suifula colini Dickerson ; plesiotype No. 863 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.5; p. 84.

Fig. 4. Surcula cohn'i Dickerson; plesiotype No. 862 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 245, 1 ype Tejon Group ; enlarged to 2.5 ; p. 84.

Fig. 5. Turritclla ui<asatia Conrad; plesiotype No. 870 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 825, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.5; p. 126.

Fig. 6. Turriti'lla wcasana Conrad; plesiotype No. 869 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 825, Type Tejon (jroup ; enlarged to 2.5; p. 126.

Fig. 7. Siphonalia tularcnsis, new species; type No. 854 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.5; p. 67.

Fig. 8. Phos hlakianus, new species; paratype No. 845 ( C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.5; p. 73.

P'ig. 9. Plios hlakianus, new species; paratype No. 846 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 2.5; p. 73.

Fig. 10. Turhonilla t/rsini, new species; type No. 955 (C. A. S. Type Coll.,
from Loc. 341, Southern Pacific Railroad Company's Collection, Type Tejon
Group; enlarged to 3.56; p. 129.

Fig. 11. Cadulus ffahhi Sharp & Pilsbry; plesiotype No. 954 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, T>pe Tejon Group; enlarged to 3.56; p. 146.

OC. PAPERS, CAL. ACAD. SCI., Vol. XI

(ANDERSON & HANNAj Plate 11

^,^>*^

/

9]g CALIFORXIA ACADEMY OF SClEXCllS

Plate 12.

Fig. 1. Psfudoli'va inoniata Dickerson ; plesiotype N'o. 849 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.4; p. 52.

Fig. 2. Surcula alizcnsis, new species; paratype Xo. 858 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.4; p. 89.

Fig. 3. Surcula ioformis, new species; paratype Xo. 865 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.4; p. 89.

Fig. 4. Surcula alizcnsis, new species; type Xo. 344 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.4; p. 89.

Fig. 5. Surcula sinuata Gabb ; plesiotype Xo. 867 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.4; p. 90.

Fig. 6. FscuJo/'crissolax blakci (Conrad); plesiotype Xo. 847 (C. A. S.
Type Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Ciroup ; enlarged to 1.4; p. 69.

Fig. 7. Surcula ioformis, new species; type Xo. 311 {C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.4; p. 89.

Fig. 8. Ficopsis hornii (Gabb); plesiotype Xo. 883 ( C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.4; p. 111.

Fig. 9. Turrilrlla ui'asana Conrad; plesiotype Xo. 868 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 825, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.4; p. 126.

OC. PAPERS, CAL. ACAD. SCI., Vol. XI.

[ANDERSON & HANNAJ Plate 12

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i^^^

^

k^-

22G

CALIFORXIA ACADEMY OF SCIEXCES

Plate 13.

Fig. 1. Clavilithes californicus (Conrad); plesiotype No. 802 (C. A. S.
Type Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.76; p. 63.

Fig. 2. ClavUlthrs californicus (Conrad); plesiotype No. 803 (C. A. S.
Type Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.74; p. 63.

Fig. 3. Bursa liornii (Gabb); plesiotype No. 807 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.76; p. 54.

Fig. 4. Bursa liornii (Gabb); plesiotype No. 808 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.76; p. 54.

Fig. 5. Conus ce.yilops, new species; type No. 809 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.76; p. 97.

Fig. 6. Conus letjilops, new species; paratope in University of California
Collection; cast of same No. 810 (C. A. S. Type Coll.) from Loc. 452 ( l'. C.
Coll.), Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.76; p. 97.

Fig. 7. Cri'pidula pileum (Gabb) ; plesiotype No. 814 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.76; p. 122.

Fig. 8. Bursa liornii (Gabb); plesiotype No. 806 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, T>pe Tejon C}roup ; enlarged to 1.76; p. 54.

Fig. 9. Cyprcea kerniana, new species; type No. 816 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 245, I > pe 'Fejon Group ; enlarged to 1.76 ; p. 104.

Fig. 10. Cyprcea kerniana, new species; paratope No. 818 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.76; p. 104.

Fig. 11. Cyprcea kerniana, new species; paratype No. 817 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.76; p. 104.

Fig. 12. Gyrineum keini (Dickerson); plesiotvpe No. 828 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.76; p. 56.

Fig. 13. Gyrineum ui'asalis, new species; paratype No. 830 (C. A. S. Tvpe
Coll.) from Loc. 245, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.76; p. 57.

Fig. 14. Latirus sinuatus (Gabb) ; plesiotype No. 831 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.76; p. 64.

Fig. 15. Latirus sinuatus (Gabb) ; plesiotype No. 832 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 1.76; p. 64.

Fig. 16. Murex heali, new species; type No. 837 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 244, Type Tejon C^roup ; enlarged to 1.76; p. 50.

Fig. 17. Dentalium stentor, new species; type No. 819 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 792, Type Tejon Ciroup ; enlarged to 1.76 ; p. 145.

OC. PAPERS, CAL. ACAD. SCI., Vol. XI

[ANDERSON & HANNA] Plate 13

222

CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIEXCHS

Plate 14.

Fig. 1. Melanrlla anulla, new species; type No. 977 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 20; p. 131.

Fig. 2. Odostomia insit/nifica, new species; type No. 978 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 20; p. 132. The aper-
ture is blocked; if there were internal teeth they were obscured by the matn.>
rock.

Fig. 3. Pyramidi'lla slevini, new species; type No. 979 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 20; p. 133.

Fig. 4. Pyramidclla slci'inu new species; paratype No. 980 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 20; p. 133.

Fig. 5. .Urania I'inosula, new species; type No. 981 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 20; p. 131.

Fig. 6. Ali'ania I'inosula. new species; paratype No. 982 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 20; p. 131.

Fig. 7. Mangilia fibrata, new species; type No. 967 (C. A. S. Type Coil.)
from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9 ; p. 95.

Fig. 8. Turhoriilla knnirisis, new species; type No. 983 { C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 20; p. 130.

Fig. 9. ritrinrlla ui'asula, new species; type No. 984 ( C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 20; p. 138.

Fig. 10. Ti'inosloina profunda, new species; type No. 973 ( C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 20; p. 136.

OC. PAPERS, CAL. ACAD. SCI., Vol. XI.

[ANDERSON & HANNA] Plate 14

4

974 CALIFORXIA ACADEMY OF SCIHXCES

Plate 15.

Fig. 1. Glycymeris e'vermanni, new species; type No. 964 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9 ; p. 184.

Fig. 2. Glycymeris ei'ermanni, new species; paratype No. 965 (C. A. S.
Type Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9 ; p. 184.

Fig. 3. Glycymeris cvrnnanni, new species,; parat\pe No. 966 (C. A. S.
Type Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9 ; p. 184.

Fig. 4. Pyramidella frcmonti, new species; type No. 969 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9 ; p. 134.

Fig. 5. Pyramidella fremonti, new species; paratype No. 970 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9 ; p. 134.

Fig. 6. Marginella adumhrata, new species; t> pe No. 968 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9 ; p. 78,

Fig. 7. Mangilia fihrata, new species; type No. 967 (C. A. S. Type Coll.)
from Loc. 711. Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9 ; p. 95.

Fig. 8. Sirtum coryliforme, new species; paratype No. 971 ( C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9 ; p. 120.

Fig. 9. Teinostoma profunda, new species; type No. 973 ( C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, T\pe Tejon Group; enlarged to 9 ; p. 136.

Fig. 10. Solariella enamellata, new species; type No. 972 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9 ; p. 137.

Fig. 11. Teinostoma profunda, new species; paratype No. 974 ( C. A. S.
Type Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9; p. 136.

Fig. 12. Teinostoma ? exoleta, new species; type No. 975 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9; p. 136.

Fig. 13. Teinostoma ? exoleta, new species; paratype No. 976 (C. A. S.
Type Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon (Jroup ; enlarged to 9; p. 136.

Fig. 14. Solariella enamellata, new species; t\pe No. 972 (C. A. S. T\pe
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9 ; p. 137.

Fig. 15. Tr'inostoma ? exoleta, new species; type No. 975 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9 ; p. 136.

Fig. 16. Teinostoma profunda, new species; t\pe No. 973 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711. Type Tejon Group; enlarged to 9; p. 136.

Fig. 17. Amauropsis alveata (Conrad); plesiotype No. 875 (C. A. S. Type
Coll.) from Loc. 711, T>pe Tejon Ciroup ; enlarged to 3.56; p. 119.

OC. PAPERS, CAL. ACAD. SCI., Vol. XI.

[ANDERSON & HANNA] Plate 15

8

15

226

CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Plate 16.

Sketch map of areai geolog> of Tejon region, based on Tejon and Mt.
Pinos Quadrangles, U. S. Geological Survey topographic map ; area ^vest of
Salt Creek adapted from Clark. (See p. 24.)

OC. PAPERS, CAL. ACAD. SCI., Vol. XI

[ANDERSON & HANNA] Plate 16

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INDEX*

PAGE

abacta, Gemmula — pi. 7, figs. 6, 7, pi. 8, fig. 11 _ 92

Acila gabbiana— pi. 9, fig. 12 41, 176

n. sp 177

truncata - - 176

Acmasa tejonensis — fig. 5 - 138

Actason n. sp 141

Acteon moodyi _ 142

quercus — pi. 8, fig. 1 141

acuella, Melanella — pi. 14, fig. 1 , 131

acutirosti ata, Spisula _ - 149

adumbrata, Marginella — pi. 9, fig. 2, pi. 15, fig. 6 78

aegilops, Conus — pi. 13, figs. 5, 6 ~ 97

asqualis, Tellina - 155

astites, Natica 115

Agasoma barkerianum 33

alizalis, Mitra - 76

alizensiSj Surcula — pi. 12, figs. 2, 3, 4 _ 89

alocata, Amauropsis 119

alta, Artemis _ '■— 164

Crassatella ~ 172

Dosinia ~ 163

Dosinopsis 164

alternata, Cerithiopsis 135

Alvania profundicola 132

vinosula — pi. 14, figs. 5, 6 - 131

alveata, Amauropsis — pi. 6, fig. 2, pi. 7, fig. 1, pi. 15, fig. 17.— 40, 41, 119

Ampullina ~ - 119

Euspira 119

Globularia 119

Lunatia 119

Natica 119

Solarium 123

Amauropsis alocata - 119

alveata— pi. 6, fig. 2, pi. 7, fig. 1, pi. 15, fig. 17 40, 41, 118, 119

andersoni ~ 118, 119

Ampullina alveata - - 119

andersoni 118

depressus -- 113

hannibali _ 118

Ancillaria elongata - 80

• Valid Type Tejon species are in boldface type. See pp. 42-45 for checklist of species.

230 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

PAGE

andersoni Amau ropsis 118

Ampullina 118

Macrocallista — pi. 3, fig. 8 40, 41, 162

Scutaster 33

Anderson's (Robert) account 26

angustata, Aturia — pi. 6, fig. 7, figs. 3, 4 49, 50

annosa, Surculites 83

Antigona hornii — pi. 3, fig. 9, pi. 5, fig. 5 41, 158

mathewsonii 33

antiquus, Typhis 51

Area hornii — pi. 2, figs. 1, 2 180

Architectonica cognata 123

hornii — pi. 8, fig. 2, pi. 9, fig. 1 123

Argobuccinum calif omicum 53

tejonense 54

Artemis alta 1G4

ascia, Mytilus 186

ashburnerii, Cymbophora 150

Mactra _ 149

Astarte mathewsonii 174

Aturia angustata — pi. 6, fig. 7, figs. 3, 4 49, 50

kerniana — pi. 6, fig. 8, figs. 1, 2 49, 50

mathewsonii 49, 50

Avicula pellucida 188

Axinea cor 185

sagittata 181

Balanophyllia variabilis zone 16

B arbatia mo rs ei 1 80

barkerianum, Agasoma 33

barrowsi, Pinna 189

bayerquei, Cyprsea 105

beali, Murex — pi. 13, fig. 16 „ 50, 51

bicarinata, Siphonalia 66, 67

Turritella 125

bisculpturata, Spisula — ^pl. 3, fig. 7 40, 41, 149

blakei, Busycon 69

Perissolax 69

Pseudoperissolax — pi. 10, fig. 10, pi. 12, fig. 6 69

blakeyi, Levifusus 69

blakianus, Phos — pi. 8, fig. 16, pi. 11, figs. 8, 9 73

Brachydontes omatus — pi, 3, fig. 4 40, 188

brevirostris, Perissolax 70

brewerii, Cardium — pi. 1, fig. 3 40, 41, 165

Bulbifusus 53

Bulla hornii 141

Bullaria hornii .„ 141

Vol. XI] A\'DERSO.K AXD HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE £31

PAGE

Bullia striata 74

Bursa cowlitzensis — 55

homii — pi. 13, figs. 3, 4, 8 „ 54

washingtoniana 89

Busycon blakei 69

buwaldana, Turrit ella 125

Cadulus gabbi— pi. 11, fig. 11 146

pusillus 146

calif orniana, Conus 97

Meretrix 159

Pitaria— pi. 5, figs. 1, 2 40, 41, 159

Volutatithes __ _ 97, 100

californianus, Conus — pi. 8, fig. 5 97, 100

calif ornica, Clavatula 63

Clavella _ _ 63

Leiorhynus 64

Meretrix _. 159

Tellina 157

Terebra— pi. 8, fig. 18 82

Volutilithes _ 98

californicum, Argobuccinum 53

Tritonium 53

californicus, Clavilithes — pi. 13, figs. 1, 2 55, 63

Conus 100

Fusinus 64

Fusus 63

Nyctilochus 54

Callianassa stimpsonii 191

Calyptraea excentrica 40, 41, 121

canalifera, Cowlitzia — pi. 9, figs. 6, 9, 13 102

Rimella 102

Rostellaria 102

Cancellaria marysvillensis 81

paucivaricata — pi. 8, figs. 3, 4 81

stantoni 81

Cancer sp. a - 192

sp. b 192

Cardita hornii 174

planicosta 174

Cardium brewerii — pi. 1, fig. 3 40, 41, 165

cooperii 166

linteum — pi. 3, fig. 3 _ 166

oldroydi _ _ „ 166

olequahensis 167

carlosensis, Spondylus — fig. 10 _ „ 40, 189

Cassidaria washingtoniana . _ 55

232 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papbrs.

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cassidariaeformis, Siphonalia 66

castacana, TelHna — pi. 2, fig. 13 153

catacta, Kellia— pi. 2, fig. 6 171

Cerithiopsis alternata 135

Charonia _ 57

Checklist of species 41

Chrysodomus ruckmani „ 65

supraplicata ~ - - 66

Clark's views of California Eocene 19

clausa, Martesia 147

Clavatula calif ornica ~ 63

Clavella calif ornica 63

Clavilithes californicus — pi. 13, figs. 1, 2 55, 63

deformis 64

claytonensis, Surcula 88

Turris __ 88

coaequalis, Surcula — pi. 11, fig. 2 85, 87

cognata, Architectonica _ 123

cohn i, Sucu la 84

Surcula— pi. 10, figs. 12, 13, 14, pi. 11, figs. 3, 4 84

colemani, Cominella — pi. 7, fig. 5, pi. 9, fig. 14 71

Columbarium pagoda 70

Collecting stations - 39

Cominella colemani — pi. 7, fig. 5, pi. 9, fig. 14 71

tejonensis 72

conradi, Dosinia _ 164

conradiana, Macrocallista — pi. 3, fig. 11 _ 41, 163

Tapes 163

Conus asgilops — pi. 13, figs. 5, 6 97

calif orniana 97

californianus — pi. 8, fig. 5 97, 100

cowlitzensis 97, 98

hornii ~ 41, 99, 100, 101

remondii— pi. 8, fig. 7 97, 100

sinuatus 90

submonilifer — pi. 8, fig. 6 99

weaveri 101

cooperi, Nucula 175

cooperii, Cardium 166, 167

Dentalium 143

cor, Axinea 185

Glycimeris 185

Pectunculus _ 185

Corbicula williamsoni — pL 1, fig. 4, pL 3, fig. 2 164

Corbula dickersoni 148

harrisi 171

Vol.. XI] ANDERSON^ AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 233

PAGE

Corbula hornii — pi. 2, figs. 3, 4 148

parilis 149

uvasana _ 172

Cordiera microptygma 59, 96

coryliforme, Sinum — pi. 9, fig. 10, pL 10, fig. 15, pi. 15, fig. 8 41, 120

costata, Cylichna 139

costatus, Scaphander _ 139

cowlitzensis, Bursa — 55

Conus _ ..97,98

Cymatium _ 55

Ficopsis 112

Hemifusus 112

Nyctilochus 55

Ranella _ 55

Surcula _ 84, 85

Cowlitzia canalifera — pi. 9, figs. 6, 9, 13 102

simplex „ _ 103

washingtonensis _ — 103

Crassatella alta _ _ _ 172

grandis ~ ~ 173

uvasana 172

Crassatellites grandis _ _ 173

mathewsonii 173

uvasana 172

uvasanus — pL 4, figs. 2, 3— 38, 40, 41, 172

crebricosta, Mitra _ 76

Crepidula inornata 122

pileum — pi. 13, fig. 7 - 40, 122

cretacea, Lucina _ _ 168

Nassa _ _ _ ~ 74

Crypta pileum „ „ 122

cumulata, Divaricella _ 171

Lucina _ _ 171

Cylichna costata 139

Cylichnella tantilla — pi. 7, figs. 4, 8, 9_ __ 140

Cymatium cowlitzensis _ 55

Cymbophora ashburnerii _ _ _ 150

Cypraea bayerquei 105

kerniana — pi. 13, figs. 9, 10, 11 104

mathewsonii _ _ 104, 107

Dendrophyllia tejonensis — pL 6, fig. 4 _ 40, 193

densata, Mulinia 33

Dentalium cooperii _ _ 143

pusillum _ 146

stentor— pi. 13, fig. 17 : 41, 145

234 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIbNCES [Oc. Papers.

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Dentalium stramineum — fig. 6 144

diabloensis, Schizaster 192

diaboli, Exilia 61

Fusus „ 61

dichotomus Mytilus 187

Septifer — pi. 1, fig. 2 187

dickersoni, Corbula _ 148

Exilia 59

Fusus 59

Dickerson's observations 27

Dione calif orniana 159

uvasana 161

Diplodonta polita 170

Ditrupa pusillum 146

Divaricella cumulata 171

Dosinia alta 163

conradi 164

elevata — pi. 5. fig. 6 163

gyrata 168

uvasana 161

whitneyi 33

Dosinopsis alta 164

Drillia ornata 96

raricostata 92

ullreyana 85, 86

Dynamic history 34

elevata, Dosinia — pi. 5, fig. 6 163

elongata, Ancillaria 80

enamellata, Solariella — pi. 15, figs. 10, 14 137

encinalis, Gemmula — pi. 8, fig. 10 93

Eocene deposits of California 6

Eocene subdivisions by various authors 22

eocenica Glycimeris 182

Pectunculus 182

Epitonium n. sp 124

tejonense 124

tejonensis 124

Euspira alveata 119

evermanni, Glycymeris — pi. 15, figs. 1, 2, 3 184

excentrica, Calyptrasa 40,41, 121

excentricus, Galerus 121

Exilia diaboli 61

dickersoni 59

fausta— pi. 8, figs. 8, 9 _ 41, 59, 96

harrisi 59

novatrix — pi. 7, fig. 10 60

perkinsiana — pi. 9, fig. 15 61

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 235

PAGE

Exilia waringi 59

exoleta, Teinostoma— pi. 15, figs. 12, 13 136

Fasciolaria io - 88, 89, 91

sinuata ~ 64

washingtoniana 91

Faulting 29

Faunal zones 14

fausta, Exilia— pi. 8, figs. 8, 9 -.41, 59, 96

fiasco, Natica 117

fibrata, Mangilia — pi. 14, fig. 7, pi. 15, fig. 7 _ 95

Ficopsis cowlilzensis 112

hornii— pi. 12, fig. 8 69, 111

mamillatus Ill

remondii 112

Ficus mamillatus _ Ill

ficus, Strepsidura 53

Whitenya : 40,41,53

fremonti, Pyramidella — pi. 15, figs. 4, 5 134

fresnoensis, Glycinieris 183

Pleurotoma 87

Surcula 87

Turris 87

fusiforme, Trachytriton 58

Triton 58

Tritonium 58

fusiformis, Nyctilochus 58

Tritonium 58

Fusinus calif ornicus 64

martinez 62

mathewsonii 63

tumidus 57

Fusus, calif ornicus 63

diaboli 61

dickersoni 59

hornii Ill

longirostris 69, 70

martinez 62

mathewsonii 63

remondii 112

trivolvis 70

tumidus 57

washingtoniana 91

gabbana, Leda 179

gabbi, Cadulus— pi. 11, fig. 11 146

Glycimeris 185

Perissolax ;. _ 70, 71

236 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

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gabbiana, Acila — pi. 9, fig. 12 41, 176

gabbii, Leda „ _ 177, 178

Nuculana „ 177, 178

Gadus pusillus 146

echinophora _ 108

Galcodea echinophora 108

petrosa — pi. 10, figs. 2, 3 _ 108

trituberculata 109

tuberculata 109

tuberculiformis _ 109

Galerus excentricus 121

Gari texta 152

Gemmula abacta — pi. 7, figs. 6, 7, pi. 8, fig. 11 92

enclnalis — pi. 8, fig. 10 93

wattsi _ _ 93,94

gesteri, Surcula _ 87

Turbanilla— pi. 11, fig. 10 82, 129

gibbosa, Natica 116

globosa, 'Natica _ 117

Neverita 117

Globular ia alveata 119

Glycimeris cor 185

eocenica 182

fresnoensis _ _ 183

gabbi 185

ruckmani 184

sagittatus 181

Glycymeris evermanni — pi. 15, figs. 1, 2, 3 „ 184

gabbi - 185

i n s tab il i s - 185

ruckmani 184

sagittata— pi. 1, fig. 6 40, 41, 181

viticola — pi. 1, fig. 5, pi. 3, fig. 1 182

verticordia — pi. 2, fig. 5, pi. 11, fig. 1 183

Gobraeus hornii 151

grandis, Crassatella — 173

Crassatellites _ 173

Gutturnium _ 56

gyrata, Dosinia 168

Lucina _ 168

Gyrineum gyrinus _ _ _ 56

kewi— pi. 10, fig. 4, pi. 13, fig. 12 _ 54, 56

uvasalis — pi. 6, fig. 1, pi. 10, fig. 5, pi. 13, fig. 13 57

hammulus, Pugnellus 50

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE £37

PAGE

hannibali, Ampullina -- 118

Glycymeris ~ 182

N a t i ca - 118

harrisi, Corbula 171

Exilia - 59

Helminthoglypta obtusa — pi. 3, figs. 12, 13 _ _ 142

Hemifusus cowlitzensis — 112

hornii — _ _ _ _ Ill

lewisensis 73

lewisiana _ _ 73

remondii „ _ _ 112

sopenahensis 68

vo lu t ae f o rm i s 5 1

was h i n g t on i ana 9 1

Historical notes „ _ 12

hornii, Antigona — pi. 3, fig. 9, pi. 5, fig. 5 41, 158

Area — pi. 2, figs. 1, 2 180

Architectonica — pi. 8, fig. 2, pi. 9, fig. 1 123

Bulla _ __ _ _. 141

BuUaria _ _ 141

Bursa — pi. 13, figs. 3, 4, 8.._ „ 54

Cardita _ _ 174

Conus „ 41,99,100

Corbula— pi. 2, figs. 3, 4 _ 148

Ficopsis— pi. 12, fig. 8 _ _ 69, 111

Gobraeus _ _ 151

Hemifusus Ill

Lunatia _ _ _ _ 115

Meretrix _ _ _ _ 158

Natica— pi. 10, fig. 7 41, 115

Nyctilochus ~ 55, 64

Perissolax Ill

Psammobia — pi. 3, fig. 6, pi. 9, fig. 16 151

T e Hi na - 151

Tritonium _ 54

Venericardia— pi. 4, fig. 1 _ ~ 38, 40, 174

howardi, Tellina — 153

humerus, Mytilus — fig. 9 — _ _ - _ 40, 186

idrsensis, Ostrea — - 191

Isocardia tejonensis 165

Inconstans, Turris - — 94

inornata, Crepidula 122

Placunanomia _ 190

Pseudoliva — pi. 12, fig. 1 52

insignifica, Odostomia — pi. 14, fig. 2 132

23g CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

PAGE

instabilis Glycymeris 185

io, Fasciolaria 88, 89

Surcula — pi. 10, fig. 11 83, 88, 89

ioformis, Surcula — pL 12, figs. 3, 7 88,89

javanus, Murex 82, 83, 84

joaquinensis, Tellina _„. 157

Kellia catacta— pi. 2, fig. 6 171

uvasana — pi. 2, fig. 7, pi. 9, fig. 11 172

kemiana, Aturia — pi. 6, fig. 8, figs. 1, 2 _ 49, 50

Cypraea— pi. 13, figs. 9, 10, 11 104

kemensis, Turbonilla — pi. 14, fig. 8 130

kewi, Gyrineum — pi. 10, fig. 4, pi. 13, fig. 12 58

Nyctilochus 56

Turritella 126

Lsevicardium linteum 166

Latirus sinuatus — pi. 13, figs. 14, 15 „ 41, 64

whitneyi 65

lebecki, Tellina— pi. 3, fig. 10 154

lecontei, Schizaster 71, 192

Leda gabbana 1 79

gabbii 177

protexta 1 177

parkei — pi. 2, figs. 10, 11 179

uvasana 179

vogdesi — pi. 2, figs. 8, 9 41, 177

Leiorhinus calif ornica 64

Levifusus blakeyi 69

trabeatus 69

lewisensis, Hemifusus 73

lewisiana, Hemifusus 73

Limits of Tejon group 8

Limopsis sagittata 181

lineata, Pseudoliva 52

linteum, Cardium — pi. 3, fig. 3 166

Laevicardium 166

Local geology 28

longa, Tellina 156

longirostris, Fusus 69, 70

Loxotrema turrita 104

Lucina cretacea 168

cumulata 171

gyrata 168

(Myrtea) n. sp 169

nasuta 169

Lunatia alveata 119

hornii 115

nuciformis 116

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 239

PAGE

macilenta, Rimella _ 102

Macoma, sp „ _ 153

viticola — pi. 2, fig. 12 „ 41, 157

MacrocJillista andersoni — pi. 3, fig. 8 „ 40, 41, 162

conradiana — pi. 3, fig. 11 „ _ 41, 163

Mactra ashburnerii 149

uvasana „ 151

mamillatus, Ficopsis „ Ill

Ficus „ Ill

Mangilia fibrata— pi. 14, fig. 7, pL 15, fig. 7 „ 95

Marcia quadrata 162

Marginella adumbrata — pi. 9, fig. 2, pi. 15, fig. 6 78

multifilosa — pi. 7, figs. 2, 3 _ „ 79

Martesia clausa 147

martinez, Fusinus 62

Fusus 62

martini, Voluta 75

marysvillensis, Cancellaria 81

mathewsonii, Antigona 33

Astarte 174

Aturia 49, 50

Crassatellites 173

Cyprsea 104, 107

Fusinus 63

Fusus „ 63

Olivella — pi. 8, fig. 19 41, 80

Melanella acuella — pi. 14, fig. 1 131

Meretrix calif orniana 159

calif ornica 159

cf. olequahensis _ 164

horiiii 158, 160, 161

ovalis 159

tejonensis 160

lularana _ 159

tularena 159

uvasana 160

merriarni, Pseudoperissolax 71

■ Spisula 150

microptygma, Cordiera 59, 96

Mitra alizalis 76

crebricosta 76

marietta — pi. 8, figs. 12, 13 76

simplicissima 76

slevini 77

uvasana — pi. 10, fig. 6 78

Mitromorpha parsoni 95

240 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

PAGE

modestus, Sycotypus Ill

Modiola ornatus _ _ _ - 188

Modiolus ornatus — _ 188

MoJopophorus striata — pi. 8, fig. 14 — 72, 74

tejonensis _ 73

Monoceros ~ 53

monilifera, Pleurotoma _ 93

Surcula 93,94

mon ol i f e ra, Tu r r is _ — 93 , 94

moodyi. Act eon : _ 142

Morio tuberculata _ 108

morsei, Barbatia — 180

mucronis, Pyramidelia — pi. 8, fig. 17 _ 134

Mulinia densata 33

multifilosa, Marginella — pi. 7, figs. 2, 3 79

Murex beali— pi. 13, fig. 16 _ 50, 51

javanus 82, 83, 84

sopenahensis — - ~ 50, 51

murietta, Mitra — pi. 8, figs. 12, 13 _ 76

Myrtffia, Lucina, n. sp 1G9, 170

Myrtea tafifana _ 169,170

Mysia polita _ 170

Mytilus ascia 186

dichotomus ~ - 187

humerus — fig. 9 _ 40, 186

Nassa cretacea - 74

nasuta, Lucina 169

Natica setites - - 115

alveata -- _ 119

fiasco _ _ 117

gibbosa ~ 116

globosa _ - - — 117

hannibali _ 118

hornii— pi. 10, fig. 7 - _ 41, 115

nuciformis— pi. 10, fig. 8 - 40, 41, 116

oetites - - 115

secta— pi. 10, fig. 9 - 117

semilunata - - 116

uvasana — pi. 9, figs. 3, 4 116

Naticidae — 113

Naticina obliqua - - - 120

Nautilus texanus _ — 50

Neptunea supraplicata — 66

nevadensis, Tellina _ 33

Neverita globosa - _ . - 117

secta — _ - - 117

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 241

PAGE

Niso pistilliformis — pi. 8, fig. 15 128

polita - _ „ 128

polito _ 128

novacula, Solen — pi. 6, fig. 9 „ _ 41, 147

novatrix, Exilia — pi. 7, fig. 10 60

nuciformis, Lunatia 116

Natica— pi. 10, fig. 8 _ 40, 41, 116

Nucula cooperi 175

vitis — pi. 2, fig. 14 175

Nuculana gabbii _ „ _ _ 177, 178

Nyctilochus calif ornicus - 54

cowlitzensis „ 55

fusiformis _ 58

hornii _ 55

kewi - -. _ 56

n. sp z _ 58

sopenahensis „ „ 68

sp. a 58

washingtoniana _ _ _ 55

whitneyi _ 65

obliqua, Naticina „ -. 120

Sigaretus _ „ 120

obtusa, Helminthoglypta — pi. 3, figs. 12, 13 142

Ocinebra _ 53

Odostomia insignifica — pi. 14, fig. 2 ~ 132

mammillata „ _ 133

n. sp _ - _ _ 134

packi „ 134

sp. a ~ ~ 134

oetites, Natica 115

oldroydi, Cardium _ - 166

olequahensis, Cardium ~ 167

Meretrix 164

Olivella mathewsonii — pi. 8, fig. 19_ _ 41, 80

ornata, Drillia 96

Filodrillia 96

Pleurotoma _ „ 96

ornatus, Brachydontes — pi. 3, fig. 4 _ _ 41, 188

Modiola _ 188

Modiolus -- 188

Ostrea idrasnsis 191

sp '. „ 191

ovalis, Meretrix 159

ovata, Dione — 161

packi, Odostomia _ „ 134

pagoda. Columbarium ._ 70

242 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

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Paleontology 36

paral lelus, Solen 147

parilis, Corbula 149

parkei, Leda — pi. 2, figs. 10, 11 179

parsoni, Mitromorpha _ 95

paucivaricata, Cancellaria — pi. 8, figs. 3, 4 _ 81

paucivaricatum, Tritonium 81

Pectunculus cor 185

eocenica 182

pellucida, Avicula 188

Pteria— pi. 1, fig. 1 41, 188

Perissolax blakei 69

brevirostris 70

gabbi 70

hornii Ill

remondii 112

tricarinatus 69, 70

perkinsiana, Exilia — pi. 9, fig. 15 61

Pleurotoma 61

petrosa, Galeodea — pi. 10, figs. 2, 3 108

Purpura 108

Stramonita 108

Phacoides taffana 170

Phos blakianus — pi. 8, fig. 16, pi. 11, figs. 8, 9 _ 73

pileum, Crepidula — pi. 13, fig. 7 40, 122

Crypta 122

Spirocrypta 122

Pinna barrowsi 189

pistilliformis, Niso — pi. 8, fig. 15 128

Pitaria californiana — pi. 5, figs. 1, 2 40, 41, 159

tejonensis — pi. 3, fig. 5 160

uvasana — pi. 5, figs. 3, 4 161

Placunanomia inornata 190

planicosta, Cardita _ 174

Venericardia 174

Plejona 75

Pleurotoma fresnoensis _ 87

monilifera - 93

perkinsiana _ ~ 61

washingtoniana 91

Polinices 114

polita, Diplodonta 170

Mysia _ 170

Niso 128

polito, Niso _ _ 128

polyappellatia, Surcula _ 96

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 243

PAGE

Potamides sp 136

Preservation 37

profunda, Teinostoma — pi. 14, fig. 10, pi. 15, figs. 9, 11, 16 136

protexta, Leda 177

Psammobia hornii — pi. 3, fig. 6, pi. 9, fig. 16 151

sp _ 152

texta - 152

Pseudoliva inornata — pi. 12, fig. 1 _ 52

lineata _ 52

tejonensis 52

volutseformis 52

Pseudoperissolax blakei — pi. 10, fig. 10, pi. 12, fig. 6 _ 69

merriami „ 71

Pteria pellucida — pi. 1, fig. 1 41, 188

Pugnellus hammulus _ 50

Purpura petrosa _ _ 108

pusillaninia, Turbinolia _ 194

pusillum, Dentalium 146

Ditrupa - 146

Siphonodentalium 146

Cadulus 146

Gadus 146

Pyramidella fremonti — pi. 15, figs. 4, 5 134

mucronis — pi. 8, fig. 17 134

slevini — pi. 14, figs. 3, 4 133

vaderensis 135

quadrata, Marcia — 162

Tapes 162

quercus, Acteon — pi. 8, fig. 1 _ _ 142

Ranella cowlitzensis 55

washingtoniana 89

raricostata, Drillia 92

Surcula 92

remondii, Conus — pi. 8, fig. 7 97, 100

Fusus 112

Ficopsis 112

H e m i f u s u s _ _ 112

Perissolax 112

Tellina 154, 155

Review of data, summary _ _ 21

Review of literature - _ 12

Rimella canalifera _ 102

macilenta 102

simplex _ _ 102

Rimella simplex zone 16

Rostellaria canalifera _ 102

simplex 103

244 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

PAGE

ruckmani, Chrysodomus _ 65

Glycimeris _ 184

Glycymeris _ _ — _ 184

sagittata, Axinea (Limopsis) _ 181

Glycymeris— pi. 1, fig. 6 „. 40, 41, 181

sagittatus, Glycimeris 181

sargeanti, Turritella _ _ 40, 125

Scaphander costatus _ 139

Schizaster diabloensis _ 192

lecontei 71,192

Sconsia tuberculata _ — - 108

Scutaster andersoni _ 33

secta, Natica — pL 10, fig. 9 _ 117

Neverita _ 117

Section „ 30

semilunata, Natica .- ~ 116

Septa - 56

Septifer dichtotomus — pi. 1, fig. 2 _ 187

Serpula sp _ : 193

Sigaretus obliqua 120

simplex, Cowlitzia 103

Rimella _ 103

Rostellaria 103

simplicissima, Mitra 76

sinuata, Fasciolaria 64

Surcula— pL 12, fig. 5 41, 90

Surculites - 90

sinuatus, Conus 90

Latirus— pi. 13, figs. 14, 15 41, 64

Sinum coryliforme— pL 9, fig. 10, pi. 10, fig. 15, pi. 15, fig. 8 41, 120

obliqua - 120

Siphonalia bicarinata 66, 67

cassidariseformis 66

sopenahensis 66, 68

sutterensis 66

tularensis— pi. 10, fig. 1, pi. 11, fig. 7 66,67

Siphonodentalium pusillum 146

slevini, Mitra 77

Pyramidella — pi. 14, figs. 3, 4 133

Voluta 77

Solariella enamellata — pi. 15, figs. 10, 14 137

Solarium alveatum _ 123

Solen novacula — pL 6, fig. 9 ~ - 41, 147

parallelus 147

March 18, 1925

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 245

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sopenahensis, Hemifusus 68

Murex 50, 51

Nyctilochus 68

Siphonalia 66, 68

Tritonium 68

Special collections 40

Spirocrypta pileiim 122

Spiroglyphus tejonensis 128

Spisula acutirostrata 149

bisculpturata— pi. 3, fig. 7 40, 41, 149

merrianii 150

tejonensis 151

Spondylus carlosensis — fig. 10 40, 189

stantoni, Cancellaria 81

stentorj Dentalium — pi. 13, fig. 17 41, 145

stimpsonii, Callianassa ~ 191

stocki, Turris 92,93

Stramonita petrosa 108

stramineum, Dentalium — fig. 6 144

Stratigraphic range of species 38

Stratigraphic relations 31

Strepsidura ficus 53

striata, Bullia : 74

Molopophorus — pi. 8, fig. 14 72, 74

submonilifer, Conus — pi. 8, fig. 6 99

Sucula cohni 84

supraplicata, Chrysodomus 66

Neptunea 66

Surcula alizensis — pi. 12, figs. 2, 3, 4 89

claytonensis 88

coaequalis — pi. 11, fig. 2 85, 87

cohni— pi. 10, figs. 12, 13, 14, pi. 11, figs. 3, 4 84, 85

cowlitzensis 84, 85

fresnoensis 87

gesteri 87

io~pl. 10, fig. 11 83, 88, 89

ioformis — pi. 12, figs. 3, 7 88, 89

monilifera 93

polyappellatia 96

raricostata 93

sinuata — pi. 12, fig. 5 41, 90

uvasana 86

uvasensis 86

washingtoniana 91

246 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

PAGE

Surculites annosa 83

io 88

sinuata 90

sutterensis, Tellina 156

Sycotypus modestus Ill

Sycum 53

Table of Eocene subdivisions 22

taffana, Myrtea 169,170

Phacoides 169,170

tantilla, Cylichnella— pi. 7, figs. 4, 8, 9 „ 140

Tapes conradiana 163

quadrata 162

tehachapi, Tellina— pi. 6, figs. 5, 6 41, 155

Teinostoma exoleta— pL 15, figs. 12, 13 136

profunda— pi. 14, fig. 10, pi. 15, figs. 9, 11, 16 136

tejonense, Argobuccinum 54

Epitonium 124

tejonensis, Acmaea — fig. 5 - 138

Cominella 72

Dendrophyllia— pi. 6, fig. 4 40, 193

Epitonium 124

Isocardia 165

Meretrix 160

Molopophorus 72

Pitaria— pi. 3, fig. 5 160

Pseudoliva 52

Spiroglyphus 128

Spisula - 151

Trachytriton 54

Tritonium 54

Tellina asqualis 155

calif ornica 157

castacana — pi. 2, fig. 13 153

hornii 151

howardi 153

joaquinensis — - 157

lebecki— pi. 3, fig. 10 154

longa 156

nevadensis - 33

remondii 154, 155

sutterensis 156

tehachapi— pi. 6, figs. 5, 6 41, 155

terebellata, Turritella 127

Terebra californica — pi. 8, fig. 18 82

Teredo sp 146

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 247

PAGE

texanus, Nautilus .■ 50

texta, Gari 152

Psammobia 152

trabeatus, Levifusus 69

Trachytriton fusiforme 58

tejonensis 54

tricarinata, Turritella 125

tricarinatus, Perissolax 69

Tritonalia volutaeformis 51, 52

Tritonium calif or nicum 53

fusiforme 58

fusiformis 58

hornii 54

paucivaricatum 81

sopenahensis 68

tenjonensis 54

whitneyi 65

trituberculata, Galeodea 108, 109

trivolvis, Fusus 70

Trochocyathus sp. — pi. 9, fig. 5 193

truncata, Acila 176

tuberculata, Cassidaria 110

Galeodea 108,109,110

Morio 108

Sconcia - 108

tuberculiformis, Galeodea 108, 109, 110

tularana, Meretrix 159

tularena, Meretrix _ 159

tularensis, Siphonalia — pi. 10, fig. 1, pi. 11, fig. 7 66, 67

tumidus, Fusinus 57

Fusus 57

Turbinolia pusillanima 194

Turbinolia sp 194

Turbinolia zone - 15

Turbonilla gesteri— pi. 11, fig. 10 82, 129

kernensis — pi. 14, fig. 8 130

Turricula 82

Turris claytonensis 88

fresnoensis - 87

inconstans 94

monilifera 94

monolifera 93, 94

n. sp 91

sp 91

stocki 92

uvasana - - 86

248 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES [Oc. Papers.

PAGE

Turris varicostata 92

washingtoniana 91

turrita, Loxotrema 104

Turritella bicarinata 125

buwaldana 125

kewi 126

n. sp 127

saffordii „ 50

sargeanti 40,125

terebellata 127

tricarinala 125

uvasana— pi. 11, figs. 6, 6, pi. 12, fig. 9 38, 41, 125, 126

Type locality of Tejon group 24

Typhis antiquus 51

Uber 114

ullreyana, Drillia 85

uvasalis, Gyrineum — pi. 6, fig. 1, pi. 10, fig. 5, pi. 13, fig. 13 57

uvasana, Corbula _ 172

Crassatella 172

Crassatellites 38, 40, 41, 172

Dione 161

Dosinia 161

KelUa— pi. 2, fig. 7, pi. 9, fig. 11 172

Leda 179

Mactra 151

Meretrix 161

Mitra— pi. 10, fig. 6 78

uvasana, Natica — pi. 9, figs. 3, 4 116

Pitaria— pi. 5, figs. 3, 4 161

Surcula 86

Turris 86

Turritella— pi. 11, figs. 5, 6, pi. 12, fig. 9 38, 41, 125, 126

uvasanus, Crassatellites — pi. 4, figs. 2, 3 172

uvasensis, Surcula 86

uvasula, Vitrinella — pi. 14, fig. 9 138

vaderensis, Pyramidella 135

varians, Venus 50

varicostata, Turris 92

Venericardia hornii — pi. 4, fig. 1 38, 40, 174

planicosta 174

Venus varians „ 50

verticordia, Glycymeris — pi. 2, fig. 5, pi. 11, fig. 1 183

vinosula, Alvania — pi. 14, figs. 5, 6 131

viticola, Glycymeris — pi. 1, fig. 5, pi. 3, fig. 1 182

Macoma— pi. 2, fig. 12 41, 157

vitis, Nucula — pi. 2, fig. 14 175

Vol. XI] ANDERSON AND HANNA—TYPE TEJON EOCENE 249

PAGE

Vitrinella uvasula — pi. 14, fig. 9 138

vogdesi, Leda — pi. 2, figs. 8, 9 41, 177

Voluta martini 75

slevini 77

sp 76

volutseformis, Hemifusus 51

Pseudoliva 52

Tritonalia 51,52

Volntatithes calif orniana 97, 100

Volutalithes , 75

calif orniana — , 98

n. sp 75

Volutospina 75

waringi, Exilia 59

washingtonensis, Cowlitzia 103

washingtoniana, Bursa 89

Cassidaria 55

Fasciolaria 91

Fusus 91

Hemifusus 91

Nyctilochus 55

Pleutrotoma 91

Ranella 89

Surcula 91

Turris 91

waltsi, Gemmula 94

weaver!, Conus 101

Whitneya ficus 40, 41, 53

whitneyi Dosinia 33

Latirus 65

Nyctilochus 65

Tritonium 65

Whitney's account 25

williamsoni, Corbicula — pi. 1, fig. 4, pi. 3, fig. 2 164

Occasional Papers

OF THI

CALIFORNIA
ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

XI

SAN FRANCISCO

Published by the Academy

March 18, 1925

COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATION

George C. Edwards, Chairman

C. E. Grunsky Barton Warren Evermann, Editor