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A MONTHLY PUBLICATION DEVOTED TO ’ Oy OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. VOL. XVII. NO. 1. ALBION, N. Y., JANUARY, 1900. WHOLE No. 162 Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. Brief special announcements, ‘“‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department for 25c per 25 words. Notices over 25 words, charged at the rate of one-half cent per each additional word. No notice inserted for less than 25c. Terms, cash with order. Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-third list rates. What's Your Number? Examine the number following your name On the wrapper of this month’s OOLOGIST. It denotes when your subscription expired or will expire. No.162 your subscription expires with this issue. 165) 775 ‘“* April, 1900 NOR ef 3 ‘Sept. > ** WANTED:—A good mounted Albino Squir- rel, fpure white. Will pay cash or give good exchange in skins or mounted specimens. Send full description and lowest cash price. O. S. BIGGS, San Jose, Il. FOR EXCHANGE :—Fine collection of 180 different kinds of U, S. and foreign stamps, in- cluding many rare ones, for best offer in A No. \l sets of eggs. J. STANLEY HOWARD, West | Medford. Mass. TO EXCHANGE :—F¥irst-class sets of eggs with datas fora Camera size 4x5 with entire outiit. Would like a double plate holder in camera if possible. Address GEORGE W. THOMPSON, Jamaica Plain, Mass. WANTED:—‘‘Star” tobacco tags. I will pay 50c per 100 for same with small stars on the back, and 10c per hundred for plain tags with- out stars. Address F. W. COLLINS, Box 431, Garden City, Kan. TO EXCHANGE:—Mounted birds and eggs in sets and singles forsame. GHO. L. SWEZ- EY, Bruen Ave., Irvington, N. J. | I HAVE a few sets of Am. Bittern for sale eheap. If you want to buy eggs from this lo- cality, cheap, next season write. FRED MALT- BY, Harvey, N. Dak. $3 will buy 150 kinds of foreign and native woods or will exchange for woods not in my collection. LOUIS W HAHN, Lake Avenue, Silver Creek, Chautauqua Co., N. Y. WILL EXCHANGE S. B. shotgun, pair No. 10 hunting boots, lancewood rod for animal heads, skins or horns, mounted or unmounted. Box 421. West Haven, Conn. EXCHANGE :—Will exchange 12 perfect ar- row points from Kentucky for same number from other states. Also some good relics to exchange for U.S. and foreign stamps. R. A. BROWNE, 2011 Whiteman St., Cincinnati, O. WANTED:—Sets 31, 63, 104, 118, 140, 196, 318, 365, 408, 453, 452a, 631, 706, 712, 731 and others. Offer sets, mounted birds and skulls. VERDI BURTCH, Penn Yan, N. Y. FOLLOWING SETS to exchange for sets A. O. U. Nos. 2, 155, 224, 228, 207, 402a, 482, 479, 712 and 487. Would like sets of 280, 300, 305, ete. ae S. THOMPSON, Stanford University, al. WANTED:—Copper pennies dates 1793, 1799, 1804, 1808, 1809, 1811, 1828. In exchange birds efgs, Indian relics, old U. S. money. Good bargains. All letters answered. H. W. MITCHELL. 306 Nelson Ave., Saratoga Springs, N. Y. EXCHANGE:—Have a number of cloth bound books on fiction to exchange for sets With full data, Canadian collected only. A... M. MACALISTER, care of Mercury office, Guelph, Ont., Can. TO ORNITHOLOGISTS:—I shall do some collecting on the Pacific coast soon with head- quarters at Riverside, Cal.. from Jan. 14th to April 15, 1°00, and where I shall be pleased to see or collect with anyone interested in the birds of that section. F. T. PEMBER, Gran- walle, IN. ¥7. ‘ WILL EXCHANGE for fine sets rare eggs, a 4x5 Poco C Camera, new and regular equip- ment. St.. West Chester, Pa. EXCHANGE:—I will give $1.45. catalogue value. worth of sets or singles for every 100 “Star” tags with stars on back and 35¢ worth per 100 for the plain tags. F. W. COLLINS, Box 431, Garden Gity, Kan. FOR SALE:—Finely prepared skins with skulls of small mamma!s from Northern Al- berta, spermophiles 8 sp,, tamias 2 sp., lago- mys, thomomys, sciurus, evotomys, peromy- cus, sorex, putorius, canis, etc., ete, Also crude skeletons and choice bird skins, rare owls, grouse, ptarmigan, ete G. KF. DIPPIE, 17 Mc- Millan St., Toronto, Canada. FOR EXCHANGE:—Jasper Mound Relics, Fossils, War Relics, Old Notes, old time Slave Papers. Wish Copper Cents, Polished Agate, large, also American and Spanish War Relics wanted. H. J. SWENTZEL, 8385 W. 6th Street, Wilmington Del. 163 8 np, L 4 THOMAS H. JACKSON, 343 E. Biddle - 5 me Are ~ 2 THE OOLOGILST EXCHANGE NOTICE-—Curiosities, coins, botanical specimens. fossils, shells, gas gener- ator, firearms, ammunition, microscopical ob- jects (mounted or unmounted) books and magazines (all subjects: botany conchology, geology, novels, entomology, etc.) to exchange for stamps, printing press, turning lathe, mi- croscope and accessories. Address with stamp G. R. LUMSDEN, Norwich, Conn. WANT MOUMTED BIRDS Nos. 200, 202, 203, 208, 325, 333, 337, 387, 416, 418, 420, 423, 444, 514, 540, 546, 550, 559, 563, 584, 585, 587, 597, 604, 610, 614, 616, 628, 661, 633, 722, 724, 726, 728, 749, 755 and 756, in exchange for Nos. 4. 59. 112, 129. 130 pair, 131 pair, 132 female, 149 pair, 151, 152, 167. 190, 191, 194, 201, 221 228, 230, 225. 239, 256, 263, 274 and young in down, 360 pair, 367, 368, 373 young in down, 385, 048, 458, 468, 615. 632, 683a, 707. 727a, 763, also a Jackdaw. GEO. H. SWEZEY, Bruen Ave., Irvington, N. J. WANTED:—Skeletons and Skulls, all kinds, in rough and mounted, Bird and Mammal Skins, Reptiles and Batrachians in alcohol or formalin. Desire correspondents in all parts of United States, Mexico and Canada. Back numbers of papers on Natural History and sci- entific books wanted. Offerin exchange fifty species finely prepared invertebrates in forma- lin, eastern bird skins. ete. Correspondence solicited. F. P. DROWNE, 20 Benefit St,, Providence, R. I. FOR SALE.OR EXCHANGE:—Heggs, sets and singles. Wanted, books,.camera and cash. Vol. 1 complete The Osprey for best offer in cash. W. A. LEH, New Vineyard, Me. FOR SALE:—A foot power band saw and an improved Simplex typewriter for sale cheap, all in good ordez. LOUIS W. HAHN. Lake Avenue, Silver Creek Chautauqua Co., N.Y. FOR SALE:—Clutches of European species. White Gryfalcon, Gryfalcon, Merlin, Green Sandpiper, Greenshank, Golden Eagle, Gray Sea Eagle, Kestrel, Sparrow Hawk, Honey ‘Buzzard, Peregrine Falcon. Hobby Egyptian Vulture. Apply. GORTON, 2 Upper Glouces- ter St., Pendleton, England. ‘171 CHOICE SETS of White Pelican, Laughing Gull, Willet, Wilson’s Plover, Foster’s Tern, Clapper Rail Black Skimmer, Green Heron and many others for sale very cheap. M. T. CLECKLEY, 457 Greene St., Augusta, Ga. 164 A FEW good sets for back numbers of Or- nithological publications. J. D. SORNBORG- ER, 101 Hammond St., Cambridge, Mass. WANT to buy for cash or exchange A 1 skins of Sage Grouse, Ptarmigan, rare Warblers. Send lists of what you can collect and. cash price for first class skins. Illustrated catalog, 10c. CHAS. K. REED, 75 Thomas St., Worces - ter, Mass. A GLOVE and leather sewing machine, Pea- cock finely mounted on decorated cherry stand, for Indian relics. Axes, pipes, small western arrow points prefered. All answered. Wim. W. RADLEY, Rural, Wis. LOOK :—Relics, $10; L. and F. W. shells, $10; minerals, $10; mounted birds, fossils, others. Want good watch, bicycle or camera. Write, ELLA KELSO, Orting, Wash. CORRESPONDENCE solicited with collect- ors wishing eggs in sets'or singles or other Natural History specimens from this section. Address, A. H.W. NORTON, Box 918, San ‘An- tonio, Texas. WANTED:—Egesin sets with nests of all Warblers, Waders, Vireos and Thrushes. Send list of what you have and cash or ex- change'price. Send 10c for large illustrated catalog. UCHAS.K.REED, 75 Thomas St., Wor- cester, Mass. A FEW skins of star-nosed and hairy-tailed mole for other moles or shrews. Birds for srialler mammals. D. D. STONE, Lansing, N.Y. WANTED:—All lovers of curios to have a set.of the following eggs: Snapping Turtle, 2-14 1-16 1-17 1-21 1-28 1 26 1-29 1-41. Red-leg Tur- tle 5.6 2-72-8 2-9, 3 cents per egg All first class: data. Onapproval. JAS.O.JOHNSON,South- ington, Conn. : COLLECTORS :--If you wish anything in the sporting goods line please let me know your wants. I may save you money. I have some fine collecting guns atreasonahle prices. JAS. O. JOHNSON, Southington, Conn. WANTED:—AI1 sets of A. O. U Nos. 47, 54, 59, 289, 310, 326, 339b. 346, 620. Can offer sets with data. A. H. MILLS, West Rutland, Vermont. FOR SALE:—Hunting Coats, 8 oz. canvass, seven outside pockets and two inside game pockets. Cordurory collar, cuffs lined with cordrury. Made in 34, 36, 38; 40, 42, 44, 46 inch chest measure. For hunting and collecting there is nothing better. Price $2.50 each. I have canvass pants to match coat at $1.65 per pair. Please remit by post office money order or cash. JAS. O. JOHNSON, Southington, Conn. 2000 Iceland and Lapland Birds Eggs 'Forsale or exchange. First:class sets with data. Golden Plover, sets of 4, per Set -..........._.. $ 75 Northern Phalarope, sets of 4. per set......... 15 European Snipe, sets of 4, per set .............. 50 Black-tailed Godwit, sets of 4, per set......... 0) Red-shank Plover, sets of 4, per set............ 85 Curlew, sets of 4, per set.............. BU e7 0) Lapwing, sets of 4, per set.. sa BS Whimbrel, sets of 4, per set -.. ....2....-........ 15 Ring Plover, sets of 4, per set :.......2....2-2--.- 40 Turnstone, sets of 3, per Set.........-...--....--..- 1 7% Oystereatcher, sets of 3, per set....-............. 40 Rock Ptarmigan, sets of 8, per set.........-..--. 2 00 European Martin, sets of 4, per set ............ 1 00 Gray Sea Eagle, sets of 2, per Set............... 2 00 Snowflake, sets of 5, per set....-....... -2-.-.-- —- 1.25 Red-throated Loon, sets 0j 2, per set --..-...- 60 Fulmar, sets of 1, per set..-.-.... pu ee Si aecisie 18 Dovekie, sets of 1, per set...... ........-..-.. .. 1 00 Parasitic Jaegar, sets of 2, per'set ...-.......... 40 Kittiwake Gull, sets of 2; per set... 2d Mew Gull, sets of 3,-per set.......:. de i) Glaucous Gull, sets of 2, per set -......2..... ... ib) Manx Shearwater. sets of 1, per set-........ 25. Cormorant, sets of 4. per set -...-.....-2...----+--- 50 Harlequin Duck, sets of 5, per'set Old-squaw. sets of 7, per Set............ ---..---..- Barrow’s§Goldeneye. sets of 10, per set ._.... 250 Great Skua, sets of 2, per'set......... ...........1 00 Corncrake, sets of 8, per set...... -.-.-.-----.2--:-- 70 White Gyrfalcon, sets of 3, per'set............. 7 50 Northern‘ Raven, sets of 4, per'set...-.....--..- 2°00 Snowy Owl, sets of 5, per set....... -.-.-.-...---- 7 00 Also alot of single eggs:of above. Send for full list. W. RAINE, Waverly Villa, Kew Beach, Toronto, Canada. THE OOLOGIST. 3 SCALPS AND ANTLERS OF BLK AND MOOSE For sale. Skins of Snowy and Great Horned Owls, Sharp-tailed Ruffed Grouse and Prairie hen; Al skin of White Pelican for $3. Wanted —skin of Osprey, Duck Hawk, Killdeer, Hooded Merganser and sets of these species. CHRIS. P. FORGE, Taxidermist, Carman, Manitoba. . Handsome quarter sawed For Sale: oak, glass top, egg case— new—97 spaces, nearly that number different kinds, many rare ones—157 eggs in all Among them are 348 342, s60, 118, 190, 364, 2, 213, 261, 223, 248, 104, 80, 69, 373, 735, &c., &c. Whole lot ought to bring $30. Your’s delivered for $16 Also for sale or exchange many choice singles and doubles. Answer quick if you want this snap—shows up fine on centre table J.J. RY- MAN, Des Moines, Ia. riosities. coins. Nat- a F fi R S A L E § ural History speci- mens (Botanical, shells, insects, fossils, etc.) Mounted and unmounted microscopical ob- jects, gas generators. cartridges and books on all subjects (Botany. Conchology, Entomology, Geology. Science, Novels, etc.), will take in part payment, if desired, microscope and acces- sories, printing press and turning lathe. Ad- dress with stamp for reply. G. R. LUMSDEN, Norwich, Conn. Mounted Birds. i ostage stamps, cu- SerepenOw se -6 1.25 Great HOrned Owl xn.- 22.0. se seine yee eee es 3-00 fe HOW Chiatgsasse: ede dodeedpacscsouddrosa cue 8 00 DEAT ie eee vo scarce) 2 ieee Sete tetteeet siete care) LE OO BIO sWAM ROG Tea ea...) eieysimiesejejareyere, arjnieew eit. is 1 50 American Meresanser,....-... ..... .ss.-0-- 150 American Golden eye ... -......e.¢ eens: 1 50 lpair Buffleheads elegantly mounted un- der 18x26in. Oval Convex Glass shade, well worth $25...Only ....... ......-.. 13 00 Four (4) Snow Buntings, winter scene, under 16x22 in. Oval Ccnvex Glass shade. Regular price, $25.00. Only.. 13 00 I can also furnish A No. i Skins of the following species at omly 25 cts. each or five (5) your selection for $1.00: American Crow. American Crossbill, Indigo Bunting. Cedar Waxwing and the following W ARBLERS—Mourning, Cerulean. Bay-breast- ed, Swainson’s, Canadian, Black-throated Blue and Black-throated Green. ~All specimens carefully packed, safe delivery guaranted' and shipped by mail, express or freight (cheapest way) at purchasers expense. Birds in meat. Specimens collected and mounted to order, Over twenty (29) years ex- perience as a taxidermist. No lists. Corres- pondence solicited from parties meaning ‘busi- ness. Address JOHN RITTENBERG Gaines, Orleans Co., N.Y. ALBERT D. AKIN, TRUXILLO, HONDURAS, CENTRAL AMERICA. Birds Eggs, Skins, Curios, . and Specimens of all kinds. Cash and Exchange. Dealers supplied. MOUNTED BIRDS. Rose Hummer, in round, glass-front wall Case, fancy scenery, -. Nee $ 2 00 Albino Robin, head and primaries pure white, balance of plumage, mixed,with } 9} =) (©) ON ees ae 2 stale : 2 25 RuiffediGrotise; males 2 tee nets aae I 25 American Crow, on fancy perch I 15 StreechOw))\ oe I 10 Bob-white, ‘male 2:-::....22.....-:- I 15 Short=ex ne cin Oy) eens eee nn I 65 BIRD SKINS. American Egret, flat'skin, a few plumes..___ go Snowflake........................12¢c. each, 5 for 50 American Herring Gull _..........-2.22...2-...--.. 85 All by express at purchaser’s expense. RARE SINGLE EGGS. Alleggs sent postpaid. Pine Grosbeak, data...... 0.000.220 -.0..-.2e.--eeeee ee 35 CrissaliGhrasher¢)) 220k) Se ee 35 Yellow-billed Magpie..............._. aecees 15 Red-naped Sapsucker.................2...-.- okey 30 Florida Burrowing Owl, data.__...__-............ 35 Bendire’s Thrasher, data___......-.....---.2-..----.- 20 Great Horned Owl, data ____._.._.. Brandi 8 Seside 35 Short-eared Owl, American, data _............ 40 Willow-Ptarmigan. 0s ee 26 Glaucous Gull _....-.... . 2... 25 Krider’s Hawk, data 40 Kittawake Gull_...... _._. ; 18 Black-throated Loon 65. Collections of singles, listing at $60.00 will be sold for only $14.00, prepaid. ERNEST H. SHORT, Albion, N. Y. FOR SALE. 3,000 Birds Eggs From Labrador, Hudson’s Bay, Northwest Canada, Mackenzie River and Prybilof . Islands, Alaska; Including nests and eggs of Lapland Longspur Gray-cheeked Thrush Smith’s Longspur Townsend’s Solitaire American Pipit Common Redpoll Horned Lark Hoary Redpoll Pine Grosbeak Tree Sparrow Fox Sparrow White-cr’nedSparrow Canada Jay Canvas-back Duck Labrador Jay Old Squaw Also sets of above without nests as well as fine sets of the following: Holbeell’s Grebe Red-throated Diver Horned Grebe Ancient Murrelet Least Auklet Red-br’st’dMerganser Glaucous-winged Gull Redhead Lesser Scaup American Scaup Sandhill Crane Little Brown Crane Wilson’s Snipe Wilson’s Phalarope Yellowlegs Semipalmated Plover Willow Ptarmigan Canada Grouse Sharp tailed Grouse Broad winged Hawk and others. All the above have original data labels, in the handwriting of the various collectors I employ between Labrador and Alaska. Also rare Skins for sale. Send for price lists to W. RAINE, Waverly Villa, Kew Beach,’ Toronto, Canada. New Minerals. Just in. Fine specimens of any of the follow- ing: Autunite, Emory, Graphic Granite, Gar- netiferous Granite, Amphibolite, Syenite, Por_ phyry, Tourmaline, Rose Quartz. Smoky Quartz. Milky Quartz, Labradorite, Flint, Epi- dote, Williamsite, Leelite, Serpentine, Sphal- -erite’ Pyromorphite, Coccolite, Diorite, Biotite, Saprolite, Lepidolite, Clevelandite, Chlorite, Actinolite, Galenite, Pyrite, Green Calcite, Magnetite, Dolomite, Selenite crystal; Pyritif- erous Nodules; for only 3c each. Larger pieces for only 6c each. All postpaid. 6c pieces aver- cage 144x144. 8c pieces average 1 inch. Thenardite, splendid crosses of this rare min- eral, listed by all dealers at from $1 to $2,at 15c. One-half crosses of same, at 10c. All dealers ask 50c for these. Diamond shupes of same, 8c. Hanksite, perfect buttons of this still rarer mineral such as you have seen listed at 50c to $1 and gone without, for only 15c. Clusters of same worth $1.00 and $2.00 for 25c and 35c. Halite,[Cubo-octohedron crystals] ;large ones Such as sell at 50c to $1.00 for only 20c. These rare minerals ar3 a little out of my line and to close out at once, I will send you Six of the Thenardites[all different] for 50c, or I will send you the asst. listed above.[the three varieties, seven specimens, ]worth $4.00 and foot- ing up $1 28 at my special rates, for only $1.00. f you are interested, send for lists of Birds Eggs, Fossils, Curios, etc., and all Nat- . uralists Supplies save you money. SCIENTIFIC SHELLS in Collections Lot 1—100 var. prepaid at $4.75. Lot 3—200 var. many rare, at $12.00. Ernest H. Short, Albion N, Y. Marine Curios and Shells. I make a specialty in collecting, pre- paring and selling anything in the line of Marine Specimens obtainable on the Gulf Coast. I sell to the Collector as well as to the Retail, Wholesale and Jobbing trade. J. H. HOLMES, Dunedin, Fla. Don’t,-forget this. It may Marine Shells and Curios. I am now ina position to furnish in quantity all of the best species collected on the Gulf Coast and will be pleased to furnish prices on applica- tion. Best of reference given and satisfaction guaranteed. Collections sent on approval to par- ties giving satisfactory reference. Any not ap- proved can be returned at my expense. Address all orders to A. J. BARNES, Dunedin, Fla. JAMES P. BABBITT, Whoiesale and Retail Dealer in Taxidermists’ Supplies, Bird Skins, Eggs & Publications. Fine Imported Glass Eyes a Speeialty. Illustrated Catalogue and large monthly bulle- tin of bargains in Birds Skins and Eggs free upon application. TAUNTON, MASS. THE OOLOGIS'T. Have you tried my - process of Rapid Taxidermy? If not you will be gratified by a big surprise. There is money to be made by the preservation of specimens for the market or the school, par- lor. office and den. Any boy, girl or sportsman may learn this method at the first attempt,and decorate the trophies and birds of the neigh- borhood. The cost is next to nothing, and when several go in and work together, there is no cost. You may make money in any town or the country, On receipt of $1.00 cash or stamps I will send the complete printed instructions to mount Birds, Mammals, Heads, etc , and one pound of the Preservative, ready prepared for the work; together with complete directions for dressing skins with the hair on, for rugs, robes and hangings, and in addition I will make the extra inducement of offering the for- mula for making the Preservative Compound, With the privilege of selling the same. The process will be exchanged for $3.00 worth of stamps, or for other exahange. What have you to offer? Address MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich. A FREE PATTERN (her own selection) to every subscriber, Beautiful col- ored lithographed plates and illustrations. Original, latest, artistic, exquisite and strictly up-to-date designs. Mc CALLS Aim MAGAZINENGS Dressmaking economies fancy work, household hints, short stories, ourrent topics, etc. Subscribe to-day. Only 50c. yearly. Lady agents wanted. Send for terms. Y ; a ) “ ‘i ia For ladies, misses, girls and little children. That cer tain stylish ‘‘ chic”’ effect not attained by the use of an other patterns. Haveno equal forstyleand perfect fi MS CALL A BAZAR, AND A ATTERNS 5¢ Easily ut to ether. Onl 10 and 15 cents each—none hi Hen Sold in nearly aoe city and town, or by paalte Ask for them, Absolutely very latest up-to-date styles THE McCALL COMPANY, 288-148 West 14th Street, © © - - New York City, N. Yo T = PAP?R is printed at the: Book and Magazine Publishing House of A. M. EDDY, Albion, N. Y. ‘THE OOLOGIST. VOL. XVII. NO. 1. ALBION, N. Y., JANUARY, 1900. WHOLE No. 162 THE OOLOGIST. A Monthly Publication Devoted to OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. FRANK H. LATTIN, Editor and Publisher, ALBION, N.Y. Correspondence and items of interest to the student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited rom all. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:: Single subscription................50¢ per annum Sample copies.............. ee venceseseeee0c Each The above rates include payment of postage. Hach subscriber is given a card good for a Want, Exchange or For Sale Notice. (This card is redeemable at any time within one year from date thereon.) Subscriptions can begin with any number. Back numbers of the OoLogist can be furnished at reasonable rates. Send stamp for descrip- tions and prices. ft" Remember that the publisher must be noti fled by letter when a subscriber wishes his paper stopped, and all arrearages must be paid. ADVERTISING RATES: 5 cents per nonpareil line each insertion. 12 lines in every inch. Seveninches in a col- umn, and two columns to the page. Nothing inserted for less than 25 cents. No “special rates,” 5 cents per line is ‘‘net,” ‘‘rock bottom,” ‘‘inside,” ‘‘spot cash” rate from which there is no deviation and no commission to agents. If you wish to use 5 lines or less space it will cost you 25 cents; 100 lines, $5.00; 1000 lines, $50.00. “Trade” (other than cash) advertise- ments will be accepted by special arrangement only and at ratesfrom double to five times cash rates. Due Bills and Cards payable in advertis- ing will be honored only at regular rates in force at the date of issuance of said bill or card. Remittances should be made by Draft, Express or Postoffice Money Order, Registered Letter or Postal Note. Unused U.S. Postage Stamps of any denomination will be accepted for sums un- der one dallar. Make Money Orders and Drafts payable and address all subscriptions and com- munications to FRANK H. LATTIN, Aibion, Orleans Co., N. Y. (NTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS BECOHD-CLASS MATTER. A Bird House. In the May and June, 1886 number of the OOLOGIST was an interesting article, “The History of a Bird House,” by H. G. Parker. This article, with the fact that I have a particular liking for the Purple Martin (Progne subis) helped to influence the writer to erect a_ bird house in the corner of the yard, in front of my boyhood home in Farmington, Me., for the purpose of having a better chance to study these interesting birds that were seen about the place for a few days in the spring, but having no house. to go to, went to some other locality to breed. Soin the spring of ’87, before the: birds arrived, I built a plain white house of good size, with five apartments, and spacious steps before each door for the birds to alight on, and a place to sit on before the door and sing This I made fast toa long pole and placed in the corner of the yard and facing my own room that I might sit in the window and look out upon this house. The many quarrels I witnessed as well as the cheerful songs I listened to from my window more than repaid me for erecting the house. About the middle of April the house began to make history in the way of a. pair of White-bellied Swallows (Tachy- cineta bicolor) that had uested in a hole in the limb of an apple tree in the orchard near by for several years, be- fore coming to this house. Here let me mention that the locality was on the top of large hills, high up, and about. one mile from any body of water. This swallow usually nests near a body of water. On the arrival of these swallows they took it for granted that this house was erected for their special benefit, and took possession with very little cere- mony. ‘They began to carry dead gras- ses to the upstairs rent, and later pro- fusely lined the nest with feathers. 6 : THE OOLOGIST They completed their nest and were ready to lay their eggs about the first of May, when a pair of Martingscame. ‘The Martins seemed to think their cousins, the swallows, were out of place in leav- ‘ing their old site and taking the home that was built for them, and a quarrel was begun. The female swallow would sit in the door, and the male perched upon the top of the house. The Mar- tins circled about the house singing their song usually heard in the early ‘morning. The swallows stood quiet and resolute to defend their house and awaited an attack. Soon the Martins circled near- er and nearer and made an attempt to alight on-the house, but were repulsed by the swallows. After one Martin had been prevented from forcing an en-. trance the other one would make an at- tack. At first they only swooped near the swallows as if to measure their ad- versary’s courage and strength, but after a little manouvering they would grapple with a swallow and they would flutter over and over each other and fall to the ground, sometimes exhausted. But the swallow would at once return to its door stool ready for another at- tack. Whenever the male swallow would return to his mate he would ca- ress her and chatter away as though tell- ing her he had beaten the Martins. This would take place in the morning, and after two or three hours of hard fought battle the Martins would retire, leaving the swallows in possession of their well defended home. Inthe afternoon the Martins would return and make a short- er struggle, then leave till the next morning. This struggle went on for about a week and it was difficult to say which would be the victors, but after about a week’s struggle the Martins forced several entrances. They did not want the other apart- ments, but that very one the swallows occupied. Soon the swallows tired of the fight, and wishing to rear their young in peace, also feeling that the Martins were getting the best of them, retired from the scene of battle and im- mediately builtin the old site in the apple tree, Jeaving the Martins to oc- cupy their newly acquired possessions. They were very proud of their acquired domuins. and would sit at the entrance the swallows had occupied and sing as never Martins sang. They did not remove all the nest of the swallows, nor did they cccupy it, evidently thinking it too downy an af- fair for their use, but built one of coarse grasses, witha small quantity of mud intermixed, on the whole a rather coarse structure ‘They reared their young un- molested. In this locality they do not rear but one brood in a season, and leave in August for a warmer clime. The next year the swallows returned April 17th, and made at once for the bird house. They staid about it, and soon began to build a nest in the apart- ment they had chosen the previous year, and seemingly had forgotten their un- pleasant evacuation the year before. They were very happy in building this nest as usual, and took the same trouble with it, and lined it very neatly as before, and succeeded in laying two eggs before driven out in the same man- ner as the year previous. But they had to go, and as before took up with the old site in the orchard. In the spring of 89 the swallows ar- rived April 16th, and the same story was repented as in the two years prev- ious. After the Martins had left a be- lated Bluebird (Sialia stalis) built a nest in one of the lower apartments and reared a brood of four young. The spring of ’90 the Swallows had four eggs laid, and incubation begun, before the Martins drove them out. The four eggs I found on the ground beneath the house were the Martins had thrown them. Sn Thus the struggle between these cous- ins went on for the next six years and I THE OOLOGIST — iv began to think the swallows would get discouraged and give up the dispute. But the year of '96 the Swallows came near ‘‘holding the fort,’’ the Martins not seeming to have the determination to win which they had _ previously shown. But in ’97 the tables were turn- ed and the swallows carried the day, and the Martins left for parts unknown. The year ’98 but a few days’ struggle took place and the Martins left as in the year before. Last year the Martins ap- peared, but made but little effort to gain their old home. Several times during the early years of this bird house the Bluebirds that nested in the orchard made a little fuss with the swallows. But the acts of the Bluebirds seemed more like their usual inquisitiveness, a habit they have of peering into every knot hole or cavity that they spy out. The Bluebirds were determined to peer into the apartments and would sometimes sit on the step outside and warble for a short time, _then fly away. The swallows resented this, and sometimes a lively contest took place; but I do not believe the Blue- birds intended to monopolize the swal- lows’ nesting site. Twice I tried to end the contest be- tween the swallows and Martins by re- moving the nest of the swallows, and thus help the Martins as I wanted the Martins to occupy the house, knowing that the swallows would nest in the orchard. Thus I could keep both birds about the place. But this did not help the Martins, for the swallows stuck to the place as determinedly as before un- til driven out. This fall the strong winds blew the house down, but this does not I hope end the history, as my younger brother has re-erected it, and I hope to record further history of this house that has brought me so much pleasure and thought, for several years to come, as I spend part of my vaccation on the place. J. MERTON SWAIN, Portland, Me., Dee. 16, 1899. ' quaintance. Louisiana Water-Thrush. This shy and interesting bird arrives in this locality on the last days of April or early in May and almost immediate- ly begins to build its nest. It was in the early morning of May 21, 1899, that [ mounted my wheel and took a spin over the hill to the mouth of a large gully, where I dismounted. Just over a large waterfall a Water- Thrush left the bank and flew up the stream as Icamealong. Going to the place she flew from I saw, placed in a little hole under the overhanging bank, a pretty nest of dried leaves deeply cupped and lined with dead pine leaves, grass and rootlets. It contained six eggs of a creamy white, thickly spotted with several shades of reddish brown and they were within a few hours of hatching. The bird kept out of sight in the bushes along the bank, but I could tell where she was for she contin- ually sounded her alarm note, a sharp metallic chink, chink, But fin lly she came out in plain sight. On :sup the gully in a secluded spot I saw a Water-Thrush, evidently her mate, sitting on a limb which was hang- ing over the water and he was singing such a wild spiritous song as I have heard from no other bird of my ac- This song is one’ of the very best of bird songs and heard in the deep gully with the accompaniment of the running water there is nothing to compare with it. Leaving this gully I went across the valley to another gully. Soon I heard the chink of a Water-Thrush and saw him running, teetering along the stream and pecking about nervously. Advancing cautiously I saw the female sitting on her nest in a hole in the bank. What a pretty picture she made as she sat looking timidly at me, until her fear getting the better of her, she flew to her mate, who had been trying his best to draw me away from the nest. 8 THE OOLOGIST. ‘7() There were five young of nearly a week in the nest, which was of dead leaves, moss and hemlock twigs, lined with rootlets Retiring a short distance I watched the old birds. They ran about, up and down before the nest, teetering all the time and drawing nearer to the nest each time until suddenly the female flew to the nest, staying but a moment then joined her mate again. Aftera little she flew to the nest again staying but a moment as before. Then both birds flew up and around me going down the stream. On up the gully I saw another bird and soon found another nest, situated like the other in a little hole in the bank. It contained three eggs and two young just out of the shell. Going up stream about 40 feet I sat down to await developments. The female soon returned to the nest and the male came around near me. He hada worm in his bill and suddenly he flew to the nest but away again almost instantly, - then after a little he flew to the nest again where he remained for some time. He stood on the edge of the nest poking his bill into the female’s mouth, then glancing at me and teetering all of the time. After leaving the nest he flew to the ground quite close to me and then away he went after another choice morsel for his mate. I found another nest June 2d which was under a little ledge formed by some roots and dead leaves beside a very small bush on the gully bank onyl three feet from the running water. The nest: contained five fresh eggs and the female acted much as the others did. About a week after this I wasina large swampy wood and Water-Thrush- es were real common. We met several families. ‘The young ones were just learning to fly and were closely watch- ed by the old birds. VERDI BURTCH, Penn Yan, N. Y. The Brown Creeper. Certhia familiaris americana, Ridgw. It always afforded me great pleasure while rambling in early spring through the woods to observe one of our liveli- est little Creepers start at the foot of a large tree and run in zigzag lines to al- most the {top of the tree. If he sees that he is observed he keeps on the off side of the tree instead of running up in spiral form, all the time scrutinizingly searching in the cracks of the bark for the tiny eggs of insects on* which he lives. The strong tail feathers, similar to those of the Woodpecker, support his weight and the slightly curved and very tender but extremely sharp bill makes it easy for him to secure his prey. The bill, however, is not strong enough, as is that of the Woodpecker, to tear away the bark and chop holes in it to get at the worms, the borers and larva of the insects. While going over the different trees in search of food I hear him utter: ‘“‘Zrt, zrt, zrv” or ‘‘sit, sit, sit.’ These notes are only heard during the mating season. The Brown Creeper is an expert climber and always watchful, search- ing every tree in his district from morn to night for food. On arriving at the top of a tree he invariably flies down to the next tree near the ground to repeat his upward search. It seemed very difficult for me to find the nest and I also was in doubt wheth- er the Brown Creeper breeds in this lo- cality. In the first week in May, 1899, I was fortunate enough, by watching a pair of Brown Creepers in the Tona- wanda Swamp. to see one step into a loop formed by the bark of an elm stump about 15 feet from the ground. | I saw that the birds had started build- ing the nest, but both being diligently in search of nesting material, I con- cluded not to climb to the nest but to wait a week and I wasrewarded. A week later I found the male near the THE OOLOGIST. During the year 1900 I will mail Beri. every person sending me $1.00 for a 2 O Cc year’s subscription to THE OOLOGIST, ® @ their selection from publications, spec- imens, &c. mentioned in this Premium List to the amount of $2.00 and THE OOLOGIST one year including a card good for one Want, Exchange or For Sale Notice. Make a combination with a friend—you take the premiums, he THE OOLOGIST or wice versa. Subscribers desiring to purchase additional premiums can do soin lots netting 50c or over at one-half prices quoted New SUBSCRIBERS are always in demand and for each an old one may secure premiums to the amount of 50 cents may be selected. Remit in most conv enient manner. but do not send sums of $1.00 or over loose in your letter. All premiums are sen PREPAID. Address all orders plainly and in full. FRANK H. LATTIN, Publisher, ALBION, N Y. BIRDS EGGS; Singles. | White-throat .................- 05) Giant Fasciolaria, young. 10 @haiine hwy tee eee 05 | Fulgur perversa. young... 10 Mew Gull......... ...----. -------;- Greenfinch _........... -------- = 05 | Lettered Olive, Fla ..... 5, 10, 25 Western Gull : Yellow Bunting................. 05 | Inflated Olive. Singapore .5, 10 SkUa...--.--. ----0---------- poosceos! Hedge Sparrow 10 | Spider Web Olive, Cal_.. 5, 10, 25 California Brown Pelican. 100)Song Thrush _... . ........ 05 RiceShells,Fla.Keys,12 for 05 Snowy Heron........ .... --...-. 15| Missell Thrush...... .......... 10] Harp Shell, Ceylon... 50 Louisiana Heron............... 15| Sand Martin __.............. 05|Dove Shell, Jamaica 3for. 05 Little Blue Heron...... -.... - 15] Willow Warbler. ............- 10 | Thunder Storm Shell 2 for 05 American Coot......... -----.--- 10 Lettered Cone, Ceylon... 35, 75 Oystercatcher.... ......-.... 35 Sets. Marbled Cone, Polynesia 50 Curlew = wane eee 7 | Gannet, 1-1 2.2. cece _ 50| Virgin Cone, Mauritius... 35, 75 Swainson’s Hawk ....... -... 50| Green Heron’ 1-4... 60| Miles’ Soldier. Ceylon... 50 Kingbird........-.....------------ - 05|Brk-crowdNight Heroni-3 45| Fighting Shell, Gulf Mex. 25 Purple Grackle........ 05 | Killdeer 1-4 _................ 80| Silverlip Mauritius ......... 15, 25 Florida Grackle.. 15 | Bell’s Vireo 1-4... ....... 60| Orange Scorpion, Poly..... 20 Brewer’s Blackbird -...... . 051! Yellow-breasted Chat 1-4. 40| Violet-mouth “ Molucas ... 1.00 Purple Martin . .............. - 5] Brown Thrasher, 1-4 ......... 20 | Pelican’s Foot, Med. Sea. 05 Loggerhead Shrike ...... . 10/ American Crow, 1-5......... _ 50] Ringed Cowry, Singapore 05, 10 Bell’s Vireo ...........--.---- +. 15 | Lapwing. 1-4 ............. 80 | Snake head Cowry Aus. ...05, 10 Royal Tern ................- . 50] Painted Bunting, n-5 ... _. 75 | Money Cowry Ceylon ......05, 10 Red-breasted Merganser... 50| Fulmar11..... .................8 75] Mole Cowry, Zanzibar... 20. 50 Shoveller .....-....-..----------.--- 50 | Mourning Dove 1-2............ 10 | Tiger Cowry, Australia... 35 Northern Hider.................. 50 | Boat-tailed Grackle 13... 45|Rye Shell, Bahamas ....... 05 White-faced Glossy Ibis... 1 00| Red-winged Blackbird 1-4. 10 | Poached Egg. ijt ee 25 Wood Ibis.:.............-------.-- 1 00| Tri-colored Blackbird 1-4. 60|Hump-backed Egg, W.I.. 10 Great Blue Heron...... -.... . 40] Orchard Oriole 1-5......... - 30] Porcelain RumpSh’ll,Bah. 05 Green Hlerome -- <2. teeeee=e- - 15) Buropean Blackbird, 1-4... 25 | Paper Shell, Fla _........... . 25 Bl’k-crowned Night Heron 15) Yellow Bunting, 1-3........... 90 | Boat Shell, Mass. .... ...... 05, 10 Red-necked Phalarope...... 75 | Ghaffinch. 1-5...................... 30 | Screw Shell, Calif...... 10, 25 American Avocet -..... . 50] Greenfinch, 1-5................... 30] Yellow Pea,England.2for 05 Black-necked Stilt... == (50) Redstart. 1:5. ee 30 | Brown Snail, Mauritius... 05 Whimbrel..........-.------.------ : 50 Song Thrush, 1-4 ............... 25 | Tower Shell, Cuba, 2 for... 05 Lapwing .... 20| White-throat, 1-5.. -........... 30 | Bloody Tooth, W. I......... 05, 10 Killdeeri (2. 20 White Tooth, Tortugas. 05, 10 Bob-white _.........-------------- 10 SEA SHELLS. Zevra Shell, Nassau, 6 for 05 Willow Ptarmigan........... 1 00 _| Wheel Shell, Japan, 2 for. 05 Ring Pheasant.............. 85] Worm Shell, Gulf Mex.....$ 25 | Goldmouth, Philippines -..15, 35 Mourning: Dove.........-...-- _ 05] Ark Shell, Gulf Mex .... .. 15| Venetian Snail, Med.,6for 05 Burrowing Owl .............--- 20| Bubble Shell.................. 05] Black Bar, Calif ............ 35 Florida Burrowing Owl. . 1 25| Heli Zebuensis, Philip'nes 25 | Keyhole Limpet ‘ah... 05 Road-runmer.........0.......-.... 25| Helix fideles, Oregon .... ~ 25 | Owl Limpet. Pacific.......... 15 Golden-fr’ted Woodpecker 50] Quoit Shell (%) ....... .......-- 05 | Bana’aTreeSnail,Cuba 5, 15, 25 Cassin’s Kingbird. _...... 25| Magpie, Bahamas __. _..15,39 | Black-mouth‘ ‘5, 10, 15, 25, 35,50 Mexican Horned Lark .. 75| Many-lined Bulimulus...... 05|Hunch-back Partula 05 American Crow......... .------- 10} E. I. Clam (%) | ...--------= 15 | Little Agate Shell, Hawaii 10 Mish’ Crow 2 /!....--2-2222.-. 35| Weritina reclivata, Fla_....5,10| Pea Nut Shell. Cuba,3for 05 Starling 2023 ~ 40| Stair Case Cerithidea, Fla. 10| Banded Melampus3for._ 05 Red-winged Blackbird... 05| Angel Wing (76) _.. 10] Mermaid Cradle, Pacific... 25 Tri-colored Blackbira........ 15| Bulimulus Bahamaensis... 10| Sun Shell (pair), W. I... 15 Orchard Oriole ....... ....--.... 05| Scarabus pyramidatus,Gm. 10} Pacific Scallop (14) Calif... 15 Boat-tailed Grackle .... 15] Achatinellaolivacea,Haw’ii 10} Jewel Shell (%) ‘Australia. 10 House Finch |. ............... . 0 “ spirizona,Hawaii 10] Jingle Shell, Mass.,2 for. 05 Gray-tailed Cardinal......... 35 “ uniplicata,Ha’aii 10] ‘Venus Shell, Calif........... 25 Painted Bunting _.._........ 10| Calf Cowry, Australia 10,25] Thorney Chama, Bahamas 15 eon nea ten Chat........ 10 guawed Cowry, Australia..5, ie : eadow Pipit............... 10] Cauri Cowry, Australia......5, 1 Bewick’s Wren.... _..... 25] Crown Shell, Gulf Mex... 15 SEASCURIOS: Mockingbird .......... By. 05| Filleted Shell, Gulf Mex... 15 | Tail of King Crab ........ 5, 15, 25 Brown Thrasher ............... 05| Spiral Shell, Hayti -...... _. 10}Brown Scaley Gorgonia Red-leg Turtle_......... ........ 10] Rock Murex, Fla .. .... -..... 25 Bahamas......... .....-.-..---- 15, 35 Moorhen 2i222)- Seo 15| Thorny-nosed Murex..... 10 , 25) Finger Coral, Hayti ........ See) Mute Swan......... -.... -.... _. 2 00] Pink Murex, L. Calif.......... 75 | Red Coral, Sandwich Is_ 10, 25 European House Sparro 05] Black Murex, Panama .. 25, 75| Pink Coral, Samoa...... 10, 25, 35 European Tree Sparrow.. 15| White Murex, Zanzibar.. 25 | Spike Coral, Bahamas...... 10, 25 European Blackbird ......... 05| Scorched Murex, Bahamas 10] Rose Coral, W. I .......... 20 European Redstart. ..... _ 05| Woodcock Murex, China. 0) Mushroom Coral,GulfCal. 25 European Robin _............ 10| Leaf-back ‘‘ Med.Sea 15, 25} Propeller Coral, Bahamas10, 25 Golden crowned Kinglet... 1 00| Japanese Eburna.......... -.. 25 | Branch Coral. E. I.........5, 10, 15 Jackdaw 22 ae 15| Fish Basket, Japan 2 for. 05 Organpipe ‘“‘ Singapore..._10, 25 FROO keira eee eae 15| Foxhead, Singapore......... 18 | Precious Coral, Med. Sea. 25 THE OOLOGIST. “$2.75 for $1» OOLOGIST PREMIUM LIST, Continued. Frank H. Lattin, Publisher, Albion, N. Y. Golden Sea Fan, Pacific... 75 | Atrypa reticularis, Ind...... 2) 125" Reg. Oniysxen.. - ee 10 Yellow Sea Fan, Nassau...25,50 | Athyris vitata, Ikd..........:. 05 ||Black Ony®& _........... .....-2.. 10 Purple SeaFern,KeyWest 75| Scaphites nodosus, Montana Crocidolite Cees Sieg 10; 25 Armor Starfish, Panama. en RAO Ha een Wid 10, 25, 50, 1.00 raps ae sn onl, a Compass Starfish, Chili... 25, aleedony, . 222.2 22:22! 10, 25 Golden Starfish, Pacific 50,1.00 MINERALS Tinted Chalcedony .-......... 15 Club-spined Urchin Bah 25| Zircon Xtals... 35 | Tree Chalcedony. _.......: - 10,25 Giant Purple do, Pac.....50, 1.00} Ferruginous Quartz, dbly. Red Ribbon Agate........5, 10, 25 SpinedPur. Urchin,G.Mex, 25 term Xtals.._.... eee Black Ribbon Agate. 5, 10, 25 Key-hole Urchin, G. Mex. 25| Halite Xtals, faceted cubo- Moss Agate 10, 25 Philippian Urehin, Phil...15, 25 octohedron: _ 7% | Wood: Agate...... 20.2.2... 15 Curio Sponge, Bahamas. 25 | Hanksite, button Xtals 25, 75 | Fossil Coral 22... 10, 25 Hgg Case Periwinkle. ........15, 25 Thenardite Xtals - .25, 35 | Bloodstone _.....-.... 15, 25 Acorn Barnacles, Pacific. 15, 25 : crosses... 50.| Succinite (Amber) Baltic 25 Sea Horse, Med. Sea. ..-..... 50] Barite Xtals. Bad Lands... 35 MISCELLANEOUS. Sea Horse.Pac.. _. 50 | Tourmaline Xtals, N. Y 2%, 50 | 10 big U. S. copper cents, Pipe Fish (very fine) Pac. 150] Satin Spar, England ........ 10, 25 |) different dates(’30’s-’50’s)81 00. Skate or Sand Shark Egg 05] Calcite Xtals, England ....25,50] V-Nickel, °83, without Hermit Crabin Shell. ..25, 50] Quartz Xtals, Ark. ....25, 50, 1,00 word ‘‘cents”’ _....02:......... 25 Luck Tooth of Cod. Atlan. 05] Malachite and Azurite, Ariz 25 | Brazilian Beetle .. ............ 25 “Hye Stone,’ Gulfof Mex 05)|+Cone-in-Cone, N. Y...... 0, 25,50} Nest of Painted Bunting, 35 Alligator Teeth, Fla. 5, 10,25} Dog-tooth Spar, N. Y........ 25 | Black Sea Bean, W.T ... 05 Tarpon Scales, 2 for . - 05) Pearl Spar, N, Y...........-.-. 25 | Yellow Sea Bean, W. L...... 05 Iceland Spar.. ...6 10) Chinese Coin ...... wa 05 FOSSI oa Pryope Crystal, ‘Dak 10 | Horn Nut, China .......... . 05 Diatomaceous Earth, rich Chiastolite Crystal. Calif. 10] Liver Bean, Bahamas ... 10 in Polycystina, Barbad- “Electric”? Stone, N. Y_.... 2% | Brown banded Sea Bean.. 05 oes, 1 dehm...... 2... 25 | Coquina, Fla_. . 10, 25 | Red Sea Beans. W.1.,2for 05 Baculites, section, Dak... 50 Chalcedony Geode, Dak... 35 | Big Tree Bark, Cal. -...... . 25 Crinoid Stem, Ind...... _. | Green Fluorspar, N. Y.. 10, 25| Gun Flint. Revolutionary. 25 Belemnites. section, N.J... 10] Native Lodestone, Ark... 10, 25] Resurrection Plant, Mex. 15 sea echoed eenoe, Ind... o Mexican Onyx . _. 10, 26 | Tapa Cloth (bark) Samoa. # olyp Coral, N. Y............ 10, Clay Police Whistle. Mex. 1 Shark Tooth, Va..... 5, 10, 15,25| GEM STONES; Cut and | Gupan Stamps, 7 var ....... 25 Spirifer varicosa, Ind ....... 10 Polished Semi-prec- Sheet 25 selected lestamps 25 “ Oweni, Ind... = ious Stones 86 2¢ 50 Pentremites Godoni, Ky... 10) Sard Intaglio ........-....... $ 10} Arrowhead. Ark Sele ekey aot O) Anchocrinus bulbosus,Ind. 25,50 | Opals... 22. 15, 25, 50 | Skin.of Snow Bunting... pine 40 BIRD, ANIMAL and FLOWER to Bente your study, “‘den,”’ office, library, school room, etc., Well worth many times our price. productions in colors. ete. PICTURES: Beautiful and correct Size of pictures 6x8 in. With % Suitable for framing or Tr - in. | margin for framing. Only 6 cents each, prepaid. List of the pictures we can furnish: BIRDS. Anhinga. American Avocet. Red-winged Blackbird. Bluebird, Mountain Bluebird. Bobolink 3. Indigo Bunting. Lazuli Bunting. Painted Bunting. Cardinal. Catbird NE. American Crossbill 2. Chickadee. Canvas-back. Yellow-breasted Chat American Crow. Yellow-billed CuckooNE. Mourning Dove. Wood Duck. Bald Eagle. American Flamingo. Flicker. Scissor-tailed Flycatcher. Vermillion Flycatcher. American Goldfinch. White-fronted Goose. Bronzed Grackle. Pied-billed Grebe 2. Evening Grosbeak. Rose-breasted ‘* 2 Ring-billed Gull. Marsh Hawk Snowy Heron. Allen’s Hummingbird 2 N Ruby-throated ‘‘ ob Arizona Jay. NE. Blue Jay. Slate-colored Junco. Kingbird Belted Kingfisher. Ruby-crowned Kinglet. Horned Lark. Smith's Longspur. Mallard 3. Meadowlark NE. Red-breasted Merganser. Mockingbird. Nighthawk HE. White-breasted Nuthatch. Baltimore Oriole N. American Osprey. Great Horned Owl. Screech Owl. Gambel’s Partridge 3. Wilson’s Phalarope 2 Golden Pheasant. Ring Pheasant. Phoebe NE. Wood Pewee NE. Belted Piping Plover 3. Ring Plover. American Robin. Yellow-bellied Sapsucker W hite-winged Scoter. Loggerhead Shrike N, Skylark. Snowflake. Sora. English Sparrow. Song Sparrow NE. Barn Swallow NE. Chimney Swift NE, Scarlet Tanager. Summer Tanager. Green-winged Teal. Black Tern 2 E. Brown Thrasher. Hermit Thrush. Wood Thrush. Yellow-billedTropicBird3 Wild Turkey. Turnstone. Verdin N. Warbling Vireo. Yellow-throated Vireo Turkey Vulture 2. Yellow-legs. . Blackburnian Warbler. Black-and-white Warbler. Cerulean Warbler. Kentucky Warbler. Prothonotary “ 2NKE. Yellow Warbler NE. American Woodcock. California Woodpecker. Red-headed Woodpecker. House Wren N. Long-billed Marsh Wren 2 Baldpate. Least Bittern. Bob white. A verican Coot. Brown Creeper. Dickcissel 2 N. E. Black Duck. Purple Finch. Blue-gray Gnateatcher N Canada Goose. Dusky Grouse 2. American Sparrow Hawk Great Blue Heron. White-faced Glossy Ibis. Arkansas Kingbird. Brunnich’s Murre. Old-squaw. Oven-bird. Saw-whet Owl. Short-eared Owl. Mountain Partridge. Scaled Partridge 2. Wilson’s Petrel. Silver Pheasant. Passenger Pigeon. Pintail 2. Snowy Plover. Lesser Prairie Hen 2. Bartramian Sandpiper. Fox Sparrow. Roseate Spoonbill. Black-necked Stilt. Red-eyed Vireo. Bay-breasted Warbler. Magnolia Warbler. Arctic 'ihree-toed Wood pecker. Downy Woodpecker. Ivory billed Woodpecker. Red-bellied Woodpecker. Loon Tufted Puffin Hummingbirds (8) American Herring Gull Bonaparte’s Gull Caspian Tern Common Tern Hooded Merganser Redhead THE OOLOGIST. «$2.75 for $1” OOLOGIST PREMIUM LIST, Continued. Frank H. Lattin, Publisher, Albion, N. Y. American Golden-eye Sandhill Crane Wilson’s Snipe Pectoral Sandpiper Least Sandpiper American Golden Plover Prairie Hen Prairie Sharp-ta’dGrouse California Vulture Red shouldered Hawk American Barn Owl W hip-poor-will Cedar Waxwing Golden-winged Warbler Nashville Warbler Rose Cockatoo. Bl’k-throated Blue ‘V’rb’r| Nightingale. Black Grouse. Golden Oriole. King Parrot. Japan Pheasant. Swallow-tailed Ind. Roller Red-rumped Tanager. Resplendent Trogon 2. Yellow-throated Toucan Cock-of-the-Rock. Mandarin Duck. European Kingfisher. Blue Mountain Lory. Mexican Mot Mot Blue-winged Yellow W'b’r| Yellow-head Parrot. Myrtle Warbler Chestnut sided Warbler Mourning Warbier Black Swan. Grinnell’s Water-Thrush|King Bird of Paradise. ANIMALS. Western Yellow-throat Tufted Titmouse Feather changing Green|Black Wolf to Yellow. Red Squirrel Red Bird of Paradise. Gray Rabbit Crowned Pigeon. South American Rhea. Books, Publications, etc. A “Want, Exchange and For Sale’ No- tice or Coupon good for one in the @OTOGUS Dis eee es eS 8 One inch advertisement in OOLOGIST...... e The OOLOGIST, 1892, cloth bound, 268 p The OOLOGIST, a package of 20 all differ- ent back numbers, my selection........... THE OOLOGIST, a package of 40 all differ- ent back numbers, my selection DOrdordo;, seviembiyes:. 4.0.52 oe a eee The Ornithologist and Oologist Semi-An- nual, 6 Nos. (’89 °92) 275p, 4 P....-....-..... Natural Science News, 25 issues, all dif- ferent _. Natural Science ‘News, ‘Vol. complete, 268p Natural Science Nemes 50 issues, all aiffer- “I and. fine The Nidologist, & copies ‘Cyith | “colored plate of a set of four White-tailed Kite Eggs)... The Nidiologist, 4 Nos., half-tones The Nidiologist Vol. If complete, 174p, 60 half-tones, Col. Pl. of set White-tailed Kite Eggs _... The Nidiologist, Vol. III, complete, 150p, 37 half-tones, also full page group of 41 members A. O. U The Nidologist Vol. IV, complete, 112p, 26 half-tones, Col. Pl. of Nest and Eggs of Western Evening Grosbeak... ...... e The Nidiologist, 20 copies, our selection, ne duplicates... ....... -.-... The Ornithologist and Oologist Peoscr Vol. XVI (91) complete, 184p _. i Forestry. etc. A Popular Necounth of che Trees of Michigan and Their Uses. Be aleo4se pects: cies lea ea ire pn es % Trees, Shrubs and Vines of Missouri, Bushy 46p 223k ee Birds of Michigan, Cook, 168p, 100 Fig _... Locuts and the Horn Fly, Davis, 6p, ills, The Ainos of Yezo, Japan, Hitchcock, 74p, (ofa 2S Le ag a ae es ee eave The Ancient Pit-Dwellers of Yezo, Japan, Hitchcock, 12p,8 Pl, 4 Fig... ............. 50 50 2 00 2 00 1 50 2 00 3 00 25 American Oceolot Coyote Geographic Turtle Fox Squirrel Duck billed Platipus, Red Fox Kangaroo Mountain Sheep Hoary Bat Raccoon Swift Fox Pigmy Antelope Hyrax Australian GrassParaket|Gray Fox Gray Squirrel Peccary Bottle-nosed Dolphin Armadillo Brown and Red Bat American Otter Canadian Porcupine African Lion Flying Squirrel Skunk Apple Blossom Golden Rod Cacti Lemon Nuts (8 var) Ginger Cocoanut, &c Pineapple Cloves Azalea Nutmeg Chimpanzee Puma Snapping Turtle Northern Hare Ground Hog Mole Baboon Hairy-tailed Mole Hyacinth Coffee Cineraria Crab-eating Opossum FLOWERS &C. Flowering Almond English Grapes Fire-making Apparatus, Hough, 58p, SHEVESOORHU Prat eine ie lee nos meameirw Sy thy The Genus Uncinula, Drawings and De- seriptions of all American species, TECGIISFEN Ay PAD OH MOO a egy ea ve hi ee White Line Engraving for Relief Print- ing, Koehler, 10p.4 Pl,3 Fig... . .. Standard Catalogue of North American Birds Mggs, Lattin 70p_....... 2.222. Prothonotary Warbler, Loucks. 28p......... The Ulu or Woman's Knife of the Eski- mo, Mason, 6p, 21 Pl Merrill, Geognosy.. The Materials of the Earth's Crust. 90p, 12 Pl, 10 Fig... Penikese, (a reminiscent sketch of ABRe siz famous summer school, 96p, Pl.. Riley, Packard and Thomas 3d Report U. $. Entomological Commission with special reference to the Rucky Moun- tain Cocust, Army Worm, Canker Worm, Hessian Fly and Scientific Re- sults, 450p, 64 Cl Birds of Western New York, Short, 20p... Natural History of Labrador, Stearns, AP VA ES eee 2 eee ag Oe at Directions for Collecting Minerals, Tas- sin, 12p.. The Log. of the “Savannah ’ ue “Watkins. 32 p, 6 PL.........- eaters at the. Paris Exposition i in 1889, Wilson, 40p, 7 PI: Bibliography of North American Inverte- brate Paleontology, White and Nich- olson, 132p Butterflies and Moths, set of six, 6x8 col- ored plates, true to nature showing 42 SPO CLES ss eee eee re ide SUA aN Birds’ Eggs. set of three colored plates, illustrating forty-nine (49) common species, full size, true to nature......... i Golden Pheasant, beautiful colored pic- ture true to nature, natural scene, almost life size, on cardboard, 19x25 in_ The Cowbirds, Bendire, 38p, 3 Pl _............ Pets of the Household, Their Care in Health and Disease, Earl, 160p, 35Fig_ Animals and Birds Recently Extinct Lucas, 42p, 11 Pl, 2 Fig, 7 maps 60 1 25 5) 60 1 50 50 35 THE OOLOGIST. “$2.75 for $1’ OOLOGIST PREMIUM LIST, Continued. Frank H. Lattin, Publisher, Albion, N. Y. The Weapons and Wings of Birds, Lucas, TPO), JEM, VOM oct certo) Soesseeceeseseerosrcenece Comparative Oology of North American Birds, Shufeldt, 38p..-.......-.--..-------------- Recent Advances in Museum_ Method (Cases, Specimen Mounts, Exhibition Jars, Labels, Installation, eeu Groups, &c. y, Goode, 58), 59P1... Museums of the Future, Goode, 20p.. The Genesis of the National Museum, Goode lO8p..- ie Ree ocees The Preservation of Museum specimens. Hough: Op 5) Wigs 22 sy ee ea If Public Libraries, Why not Public Mus- uems? Morse, 12p ike UR FES NONI Bie Leia nt a 2 How to Collect Mammal Skins for Study and Mounting Purposes, Hornaday, TPA 9) a aap eee! Kies Macaeemoseees) uasseucsaeede West Indian Seal, True and Lucas,6p, 3 Pl Spotted Dolpin, True, 8p, 6 Pl..................... Florida Muskrat, True, 6p, 3 Pl ........._...... The Puma, or American Lion,True.18p, Pl Meteorite Wollegtion of NationalMuseum, Clarke? il2p, Pleas ete Gem _ Collection vet National Museum, Kunz, 10p... Preliminary Gauiomient ‘Handbook \(Na- tional Museum), Merrill, 50p ..........._... The Onyx Marbles, Merrill, 48p, 18 Pl. Building and Ornamental Stones, Mer- Till, 3/2p; OPV, 30) Wigs ee The Relation of Biology to Geological In- vestigation, White, 124p, Pl...... .. A Trip to Manitoba, Fitz-Gibbon 267p_... aes Draft of a Classification for World’s Fair, Goode, 88p - Preparation of Microscopical Mounts of Vegetable Textile Fibres, Hitche’k, 2p Textile Fibres and Fabrics, Deering, 6p... Development of American Rail and Track, Watkins, 58p, 115 Fig............ 2. 2... rg Chinese Games with Dice and Dominoes, Culin, 50p, 12 Pl, 33 Wig 22. The National Game of ATCA Culin, iP 5 Pl, 15 Fig .. The Bronze Buddha, ipeKays 12p, PL. Joa Ceramic Art in China, Hippisley, 106p...... Mythology of Japanese, Hitchcock, 22p...... Korean Collections in National Museum, Hough, 60p, 80P1.........0 -222. 2. eee Korean Mortuary Pottery, Jouy, 8p, 7 Pl, Artificial Deformation of Children, Por- (RS) 51774 d Oe eae near aera eee aR ED a iow oe ot The Wooden Statute of Nasouke, Satoh, Y Osi ot les ene eee een eed) Soli see Japanese Wood-cutting and Printing, Tokuno & Koebler, 24p, 10 Pl, 5 Fig... The Golden Patera of Rennes, Wilson, MO PSR eR reste ee a ds a Re eee Ethnological Collections from Kilima, Njaro, Africa, Abbott, 48p, 24 Fig _._..... Two Persepolitan Casts, Adler, 6p, 2P1 ..... Collections of Religious Ceremonials, Ad- USS EI) es aR GN ie The Shofar, Its Use and Origin, Adler, 14p, 4 Pl Prehistoric Naval Architecture, Boehmer, 122 D Gwe 127 HM pees Se Oa aes Catalogue of Eskimo Collection in Na- tional Museym, Bolles,.82p...... .......... 15 20 35 1 00 The Crump Burial Cave, Burns, 4p, P1...... 20 Ancient Burial Mounds of Japan, Hitch- COCK, 14 py Si wees -22 2 eters ere ee ees 5 Some Ancient Relics in Japan, Hitchcock, PA OWE Wil col Nae ee CRM ind tee nin Sa oh 20 Primitive American Armour, Hough, 28p, QO Pg es 2 eee ue qnaking Apparatus, Hough, 58p, 8 Pl, ee TRY I a eee at 0 SU Aaa Serene eee Eanes Methods of Drilling, McGuire, 1847p; 201g aise eee 1 50 Aboriginal Basket-work, Mason, 16p, 64 Pl 1 50 The Human Beast of Burden, Mason, Cah) o Pars). Se) MNT aah a RIE oe ie Oe 5 Cradles of American Aborigines, Mason, 52, 40 Hg ee ee ee eee 50 Aboriginal Skin Dressing, Mason,38p,33P1 1 50 Throwing sticks, Mason, 12p, 17 P1............ 6) Primitive Travels and Transportation, Mason. 358p, 25 Pl, 260 Fig......... ........- ._ 300 Eskimo Bows, Murdoch, 10p, 12 Pl............ 50 Indians of the Northwest Coast, Niblack, 162p, 70 Pl, 300 Fig, 2 maps.. 3 00 Notes on the Ethnology of Tibet, Rock- Hill S4p 5S Be ec eee ea 1 50 A Study of Primitive Money, Stearns, 38p, 9 Pi O22) Wigs Soke ai ee ae eine nee 6) Ethnology of Easter Island, Thompson, 10610), 49 20 EU eee eee 2 00 A Study of Prehistoric Anthropology, Wilson, 76p, 20 Pl, 287 Fig..............-..---- 2 00 Minute Stone Implements from India, Wilson; 6p) 2NP lee as ee ee eet 20 Ancient Indian Matting, Wilson, 4p,P1...... 20 The Paleolithic Period of the Stone Age, The Existence of Man in North Amer- ica during, Wilson, 26p, 28 Fig .. : 50 The Swastika, Wilson, 256p, 25 Pl. 374 ihe 3 00 An Account of the U. S. National Mus- Gb oats Bra b Kes tte} 0) caaees soos cc cbes A cteos seco 35 Antiquity of the Red Race in America, Wilsons 8p sss22 ieee nee 20 Prehistoric Art, Wilson, 340p, 24p1,325 fig. 4 00 Biblical Antiquities, Adler & Casanowicz, 82p. 46pl .. Z 1 50 The Social Organization ‘and the. Secret Societies of The Kwakintl Indians, Boas, 428p, 51 pl., 215fig........... 022... -.. 4 00 Chess ama Playing Cards, Culver, 278 p SOD 226 ilies Rois ceed eee 3 00 Graphic Art of the Eskimos, Hoffman, 2380p, 182pl,, 154 fig --.-2 2... tee . 850 ame of the Eskimo, Hough, 34p, 24pl, Pi Se Ae ee 1 00 pes Si one Copper Bowlder, Moore, LOp sy: Spl ss eee ns 2s ee eee eer 20 Geology a Natural History of Lower California, Merrill, 26p, 1U0pl .......... .... 75 Mineralogical Collections in the Nation- al Museum, Tassin, 6p, Ipl..--...--....---... 20 The Tongues of Birds, Lucas,20p, 2pl1,13fig 50 Taxidermal Methods in the Leyden Mus- eum, Shufeldt, 8p, 6pl........ -...-......----. - 50 eine following are included in our ‘$2.75 for $1.00’ offer but are shipped at purchaser's expense unless the necessary amount is added to cover ‘‘prcepaid’’ expenses: OSTRICH EGG, Africa.. . $1 50 (Ostrich Eggs can be sent “prepaid for 30 cents. ) EMUE EGG, New Zealand.............. ...-..---..... $2 50 (Emue Eggs sent prepaid for 20 cents.) ' THE OOLOGIST 9 nest. He uttered no notes but ran up and down the nearby trees so as to be close to the nest. By quietly watching ing I found that the loop of the bark was about 5 inches wide and in all about 6 or 7 inches long. All of the lower part was filled with a few small dry leaves, little twigs, the thickest like a knitting needle protruding about an inch on both sides of the loop, then a layer of fine soft pieces of bark, and interlined with plant tibers and wool and fine feathers. The cup of the nest, about an inch wide and four inches broad, was lined with the finest and softest down. ‘To my joy the nest con- tained 6 small clear white eggs, spotted with reddish-brown, mostly around the larger end, 3 in form of a wreath and 3 with large spots. I have nest and eggs in my Collection and prize them highly. A week later I took a nest of Chicka- dee containing 8 eggs, and if I find time in the near future will give a descrip- tion of same. As-far as I know no de- scription of these two species from this locality has appeared in print. Ep. REINECKE, Buffalo, N. Y. “The Oologist’s Association.” Circulars are out relative to a pro- posed meeting of the members of the Odlogist’s Association. This meeting will occur the present year if the plans of its promotors are successfully car- ried out, and I sincerely hope that there will be a representative gathering of the so-called Odlogists of America. Every bird lover 10 the United States has interests at stake in this forthcoming meet and all are interested in the points to be discussed. But, Mr. Editor, there are many points at variance between the true lovers of birds and the so-called oolo. gists, who in the main may much better be called ‘egg collectors” and in many cases ‘‘crank collectors” without a particle of scientific interest. There are, most unfortunately, far too many cheap collectors of eggs, or wealthy buyers of their collections who have next to no knowledge of ornithol- ogy, and who think that the whole in- terest centers in amassing a lot of sets of bird’s eggs with the accompanying data. Out of this class of fad collectors I say, if] had it in my power to pre- vent this indiscriminate collecting of eggs and amassing of large collections for private use I should make the pow- er operative at once. And let me add that there are thousands of the true lovers of our feathered friends in this country who are anxious that congress- ional action shall be taken as to the protection of our birds against the fad collectors of this land. Indiscrimate collecting is getting altogether too com- mon. It is a nuisance in the commun- ity and a menace to our future prosper- ity, notwithstanding that it is followed under the flimsy guise of so-called sci- entific collecting. The writer has been a collector in his day, and takes pleasure in inspecting a new find, but there are limits, and after careful consideration the decision has been arrived at that the matter of egg collecting has been vastly overdone for many, many years. I[ am a friend to the birds and wish to promote their in- terests, and this article is written with the intention of appealing to the mem- bers of the ‘‘Oologist’s Association” ag well as to the masses to protect the birds of this country, our friends who. are so much in need of protection. What is oology anyway? If any class. or set of collectors think that the com- prehension of the word embraces the: ordinary collector of bird’s eggs, they are in error. Now let me express my- self as to my opinion as to what con- stitutes an oologist. Oology, as an out- door study is a branch of ornithology, and nothing more, and the man who presumes to elevate it above the study 10 THE OOLOGIST. of birds is as foolish as those who pro- fess to be good ornithologists without knowing anything about the nesting habits of the common birds they study As I understand it a capable ornitholo- gist must understand the nidification of birds of his section, while the egg col- lector should be able to identify the owners of the nests which he studies. But how often we find the so-called ool- ogists barely capable of naming the bird by the egg, while thousands of them would not be able to name the bird if they saw it away from the eggs. That this is true all observers of this class of,fad collectors are fully aware. Many collectors gather eggs, as they do all other specimens just because their aquaintances are engaged in the business, as it is too often called. Iam sorry to say that fully ninety-nine boys out of one hundred would not collect eggs were they not stimulated by the ef- forts of aquaintances. Thus the cen- surable pastime goes on to the detri- ment of our happy songsters. Let me say a word about work in the field. You may be a most enthusiastic bird’s egg man.with a wish to devote all your time to a study of eggs and nests, but let me tell you that it is more to the purpose if you will also observe in other departments of natural his- tory. Ina short time you can familiar- ize yourself with the reptiles, mammals, insects and plants as well as adding valuable notes to your betterment. No one can afford to be in the woods with- out a note book if he ever expects to become a well versed nature-lover After a year’s effort at this advanced work you could not be hired to omit the note book from your rambles. Amateurs are too liable to rush into collecting with a zeal which is more a result of collecting greed than it is from a real scientfic love of the study. Thousands of foolish boys and young men slash into the birds and eggs for a season or so, intent only on securing all they can, and desirous of outshining their companions in the nefarious fad. Such as these rarely make true lovers of the study; the class however, is a large one. I wish there was a law for the imprisonment of all the collectors of this class, or rather a law that could be made operative with their parents. Laws there are plenty of them, but one rarely hears of prosecution. There should be a shut down on all nest robbing by boys and by many older persons, people old enough to know better. Parents, guardians and teachers should give strict orders in reference to bird protection, and as well by instruction give the children a love for the birds and other creatures of the wood and field; teaching the boys and girls to observe and study and not to destroy. It is alwaysa pleasure for me to converse with an observing child or older person, but it is dis- tasteful to any lover of our feathered friends to look over a collection of poorly prepared eggs and skins, many improperly identified, and nearly all of which the collector knows nothing of excepting the meager notes em- braced in the data blanks. When the boy or man stoops to this style of col- lecting, and I am sorry to say that there are many of them among us, he is as low as the thoughtless women who make use of feathers for adorment. Now boys and all others may render a valuable service in the line of nature study if they will go at the matter in the right manner. This article is already too long, but I hope others will take it up and ad- vance the cause that is herein advo- cated. Let us hope that the Oologist’s Association, if it meets, will take action to protect the birds and eggs and not to confine their attention too fully to the consideration of matters that gen- erally occupy the attention of the aver- age fad collector and to the exclusion of truly economic interests Respectfully yours, Morris Gisss, M. D. THE OOLOGIST. il B. F. Bowdish Dead. At the breaking out of the war be- tween the United States and Spain, among the volunteers from this section was Beecher S. Bowish, who enlisted with the National Guard of the state of New York, going with the Geneva com- pany. Although the company never reached the front, but spent its time subject to call at Camp Black and in Virginia, he remained ready for duty until the company was mustered out. Following a short stay here at home, he reinlisted in the 11th Infantry, becom- a private in Company EH. and was or- dered at once to Porto Rico, where he has been on duty since last spring. During his sojourn there very interest- ing letters from his pen have been re- ceived, giving minute descriptions of soldier life, the habits and customs of the natives, together with a full de- scription of the country, its scenery, products and other interesting features. Yesterday morning the regular com- munication from Mr. Bowdish, under date of December 18, was received, and with it a note dated Viegues, Porto Ri- co, December 22, which reads as follows: “I regret to have to inform you of the loss of Private Beecher S. Bowdish, the news having just been brought in by a native that Private Bowdish, while in a boat with two natives, was capsized and drowned. I believe news has been sent to headquarters at San Juan and from there to his relatives. Yours respectfully, “OSCAR V. ROWE, Company E, 11th Infantry.” Mr. Bowdish leaves a father and mother, formerly »f this place, but now residing in New York City.—Phelps. N. Y. Correspondent in Rochester Herald, Jan. 6th. Death of Elliott Coues. Elliott Coues, the naturalist, died at Baltimore on December 25, and in his demise American science has lost one of her greatest men. He was born in Portsmouth, N. H., in 1842. His father, Samuel Elliott Coues, was the author of several scientific treatises of great value, so that Elliott Coues the young- er came naturally to study science. He graduated from the Columbian Univer- sity in 1861, and from its medical de- partment in 1863, and entered the Unit- ed States Army as medical cadet and was appointed by Surgeon-General Hammond as Assistant Surgeon in the United States Army, retaining that office until his resignation in 1881. His first post of duty was in Arizona and then in Colorado and Illinois. In both stations he investigated the natural his- tory of the region and published sev- eral important papers. In 1873, he was appointed Surgeon and Naturalist of the United States Northern Boundary Commission which surveyed the line along the 49th parallel from the Lake of the Woods to the Rocky Mountains. After his return to Washington he pub- lished, in 1872, his ‘Key to North American Birds,” and in 1874. “Field Ornithology.” His reputation as a nat- uralist now became thoroughly estab- lished and he was appointed as secre- tary and naturalist of the United States Geological Survey under the late Dr. F. V. Hayden. He edited the publications of the Survey from 1876-1880, mean- while conducting explorations in the West. He published ‘‘Birds of the Northwest” in 1874, ‘‘Fur-Bearing Ani- mals’ in 1877, and ‘‘Birds of Colorado Valley.’’ 1878. He was ordered by the War Department to the frontier, but his services to science were so import- ant that he tendered his resignation and continued his scientific career. He was a member of most of the scientific societies of the United States and many of Europe. He was elected to the chair of anatomy at the National Medical College, in Washington, and pursued some of his favorite studies for ten years, teaching human anatomy upon the broad basis of morphology and up- on the principle of evolution.—Sczen- tific American. 12 THE OOLOGIST. Notes on the Yellow Warbler. On the first of May, 1899, I arose at about three o’clock and started on a long stroll, keeping my eyes and ears Open all the time for my feathered friends. When after a walk of about a mile and a half without seeing much of interest, I came to a cow pasture of a few acres in extent, overgrown with small thorn bushes and briars. After climbing the fence, I sat down on a log to rest and listen, and was re- warded by hearing the song of several Yellow Warblers (D.estiva) and after a search of afew minutes, I had found three nests just completed and several more just commenced. I sat down and watched them build- ing, most of that morning and noticed that both the male and female carry the material of which their beautiful nests are constructed. The female, however, seems to be the architect and builder, commencing by weaving a small ring about two inches in diameter out of coarse grey fibres of the milk weed, by way of foundation, and then builds the nest proper by tak- ing fine fibres in her bill and turning around and around, pushing and weav- ing it into the foundation ring and felt- ing it together. While watching a pair building, a Cowbird flew into a nest just completed and deposited one of her eggs. The owners of the nest on returning showed every sign of anger, trying to throw the egg out, but in vain, as the nest was a very beautiful one, about two and one- half (24) by three and one-half (34) inch- es outside by one and three-quarters (1#) in diameter by two (2) inches in- side. After chirping a while to each other and both trying torid the nest of the unwelcome egg, they both flew away and did not return again that morning. I was so interested in what I saw that morning, that on May 15th I returned to the pasture again and observed that where the birds were building on May ist and the birds had seen me so much as touch the uncompleted structure, they had torn it down and moved it to some other place. But what of the nest with the Cow- bird’s egg init? Well, the birds had built another nest right over the first one, Cowbird’s egg and all, making a double nest seven (7) inches long by two. and one-half (24) inches in diameter, the upper story of this nest containing five (5) fresh eggs. After this date I returned every day until the eggs began to hatch to observe these beautiful little songsters. After having seen the fight put up by this pair of the double nest against the intruding Cowbird, I thought 1 would try some of the other nests with Cow- birds’ eggs. So I placed an egg in two (2) other nests which were just completed and in both cases the Warblers left the nest and built another. But in six (6) nests which contained one or more Warblers’ eggs they did not seem to notice the egg in the least. I spent many hours this summer watching D. estiva, for which I feel well repaid. PauL MorRIs, Alliance, Ohio. Purple Finches in Mississippi. On February 14, 15 and 16, 1899, while the thermometer ranged from 5 degrees above to 2 below zero, a flock of thir- teen Purple Finches, six males and seve females were seen here by my- self. During the cold weather the birds stayed in an evergreen tree and gorged themselves with the frozen berries. The birds were quite tame and would let anyone come within five or six feet of them. This is the first time I have ever heard of the birds being seen in the state. ALBERT F. LANIER, Vicksburg, Miss. THE OOLOGIST. 13 A Few Suggestions for the Prepara- tion of Trophies. Having been an enthusiastic taxider- mist and collector for many years, it follows that I have preserved many specimens of the forest, field and stream as trophies. It has occurred to me that a few suggestions on the preservation of objects of natural history might not go amiss, and perhaps be appreciated by your readers. If acceptable, a series of short articles will be presented upon this subject, so that those who wish may save their trophies of the outing. In my travels the fact has been repeat- edly brought to my notice that but very few of the heads and horns, fish heads, and feathered game are preserved, even where the specimens are easy to secure, -and where the trophies would assist in decoration and to blazon the glory of a locality or resort. It can not be under- stood by one interested in our animals, fish and birds why hunters, anglers and outers do not preserve the beautiful plumage of their game birds and the big pike and trout. Short directions will be given for the preservation of fish heads. Any fish can be preserved in a very few minutes so that it will last a thousand years by the simple introduction of asmall quan- tity of my preservative compound; but if a good specimen is desired a greater amount of attention is necessary. It is not best to attempt. an entire fish the first time, but the head may be easily and satisfactorily preserved. Cut the head off just back of the gills, where it is usually divided when dressed, and remove the flesh that can be easily cut out, also the eyes. Ifthe head is large it is better to cut out some pieces of flesh along the inside of the jaws, which may be easily done. and the slit sewed up later. These slits should be cut on the inside of the mouth so that they will not show, and this method of working on the inside should always be followed. Now rub the inside of the mouth, eye- sockets and all the denuded parts where the flesh was removed with the pre- servative compound, and it is better to force some into the brain through the spinal hollow if the fish weighs ten pounds or more. Your head is now preserved and will last a thousand years, and will keep out doors as well asin the house. It can not spoil, for it is as fully preserved as an Egyptian mummy. Most anglers wish to pre- serve their heads in better form, and in following this out you may spend as much time as you wish, and I may add you will not regret the time spent if you have a head worth saving. We will suggest that you have a pike’s head. Cut out a piece of board, better half-inch stuff, of the size of space at back of head where cut off, and tack in this piece as a foundation, and it will support the head and fit on the wall when you hang up the work. Next stuff out the jaws to the required extent with hay, excelsior or rags, get a pair of fish glass eyes and place them in sockets with putty, and hang up the head on the wall to dry. After it is dry, say from a week to a month, remoye the stuffing, wash off, paint if desired and varnish if you wish to have a fresh appearance. The fishey smell will stick to the head for a fortnight or more and will last a month more to an extent, but will then pass away forever, and you will have a trophy which will grace any apartment devoted to specimens, sportsmens’ accouterments. Of course this is the work in the rough, but it is sufficient to succeed in all cases and all anglers may preserve their heads by this means, A head mountcd in this manner will last forever, even if it is hung up out of doors, as I can prove in Many instances where specimens have been left out, These fish, birds and an- imals have been tested in this manner all over the Union and are at the pres- ent time to be found exposed to the ele- ments all over the country. Morris Gipss, M. D. 50 YEARS’ EXPERIENCE TRADE NARKS DESIGNS CoPYRIGHTS &c. Anyone sending a sketch and description may quickly ascertain our opinion free whether an invention is probably patentable. Communica- tions strictly confidential. Handbook on Patents sent free. Oldest agency for securing patents. Patents taken through Munn & Co. receive special notice, without charge, in the Scicitific American. A handsomely illustrated weekly. Largest cir- culation of any scientific journal. Terms, $3 a year; four months, $1. Sold by all newsdealers. MUNN & Co,3512rca0vay. New York Branch Office, 625 F St., Washington, D. C. 14 THE OOLOGIST. BARGAINS IN BOOKS FOR THE NATURALIST. I have them by the thousand and offer below many very rare and desirable titles at prices way below actual value. Of most I have only single sets or copies. All are new or good as new unless otherwise stated. Prices are by mail, express or freight at purchaser’s expense —will ship cheapest way. Money returned at my expense if books wanted are sold. Prices good un- til February I, 1900 only. Address plainly and in full After that date, write first. Remit in most convenient way. FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, ORLEANS CO.,N.Y. Allen, A Monograph of the Bats of Nore ; America, 198p, 38pl............... : Bendire, Life Histories of North Ameri- can Birds. Rare and almost unobtain- able. Only a few vols. on the market atany price. Vol. 1, $9; vol. II, «750, or bothivols. 222) Ses ee = Aces Brown, Atlas of Fossil Conchology with descriptions and illustrations. 98 full page tinted steel plates containing 3500 figures. Royal 4to. London, 1889. ($20.00) new.. Buffon’s Natural History (Barr’s Buffon). The Earth, Man, Brute Creation, Veg- etables, Minerals, ete. Ten voOls., minus Vol VI of about 350p ea. Illus- trated by about 200 0ld copper plates. 12 mo., calf, finecondition. Published in London in 1797. Lot, 9 vols, only.. Chamberlain, Land, Game and Water Birds (Nuttall), 900p, with plates and many illustrations, 2 vols bound in 1.. Chapman, Frank M., A Handbook of the Birds of Eastern North America......... Cope, The Batrachia of North America, B20 ps SGpols MO fi oe es eee en ee eel meas as Cope, Vertebrata of Tertiary Formations, 4to, 1048p, 184pl........_... Coues, Field and General Ornithology—A Manual of ths Structure and Classifi- cation of Birds with Instructions for Collecting and Preserving Specimens 344p, 112fig. Dana, Manual of ‘Geology, 1st ed., ~800p; over 1000figs ($5), 1.45; 2d ed., Davie, Methods in the Art of Taxidermy, (#10), now out of print and publishers supply exhausted, will soon he very GALES 2S Pee ee ei hs a eee ee Donaldson, The George Catlin Indian Gal- lery with Memoir and Statistics, 940p, 144pl and maps (8.50). Goss, Col. N.S., Peay of the Bicds of Kansas 7. 50), new and lasted.. Headley, Structure and Life of ‘Birds, 412p, 78fig, 1895__...... Ingersoll, E., Birds’ Nesting (E25) eae JARDINE’S (Sir William) NATURALISTS Library. Post 8vo. Eacb volume con- tains 200 to 3850p and about 30 plates engraved on steel and colored from nature, also many wood cuts, original set cost $50. Have just received a broken set in poor condition, loose in covers &c. Text and plates, however, in clean and fair condition. Edin- burgh, 1835-1840. I have: Ichthyology (Fish), 4 vols., lot only. Entomology (Insects), 7 vols., lot only... Ornithology (Birds), 14 vols. _ lot only... Jones, Cassell’s Book of Birds, four vols., 6 1250p, 400 large ills., 40 col. pl., 89 col. eges Jordon and Gilbert, synopsis of the Fishes of North America, WOpMey aye seas ee Kingsley,Popular Natural History,A Des- cription of Animal Life from theLow est Forms Up to Man, 2 vols, 728p, 507 ills., many pl., Boston OOo aes ease Kirby (‘‘Lioyd’s Natural History’’) Moth and Butterflies. 5 vols, each containing about 300p text, "158pl., beautifully and accurately illustrat: ing over 500 species true to nature,1897 16 00 8 00 3 50 475 2 35 2 35 3 20 2 25 T 90 3 85 1 10 4 25 1 70 80 7 25 6 80 Lesquereaux, Cretaceous ard Pen taty Floras, 4to, 295pp, 60pl -- e Leidy, Fresh Water Rhizopods ’ of North America, 4to, 335pp, 48il1., 1190 col.figs Lydekker, (‘‘Lioyds’’) Mammals: Mam- mals of Great Britain, Marsupials, Carnivora, 3 vols., 300p. ea., 100 col. pl. Maynard, The Butterflies of New Eng- land, 4to, 76p, 10 hand col. pl. showing 250 life size specimens, rare, valuable, Out Of ‘print: 2222... ee See ee Morris, Nest and Eggs of British Birds, 2vol., 154 colored plates, 1859...... ......... Mellwrath, Thomas, Birds of Ontario ($2) Nature, Vol. XX XI to XXXIV, unbound, Ogilvie-Grant, (‘Lioyds’’), “A Hand- Book to the fame Birds, 2 vols.of 300p ea., 43 col. pl., i Ornithological and tae Si History Pub- cations, can furnish back No’s of al- most anything published in America durlng the past 25 years. Write wants Pennsylvania State 2d Geological Sur- vey, 38 vols. cloth, many plates, eo figs., &c., thousands of nages, $35... Ridgway, Ornithology of Illinois, ei, i S20p Hale 1889 we ee eens Scudder, Nomenclator Zoologicus (An Alphabetical list of all Generic names employed by Naturalists for Recent and Fossil Animals from earliest times to 1880), 716p_......-2.. 2 ee ee. Scudder, Tertiary Insects of North Amer- fea: 400, (34p. 28 ple ee Sharpe, (‘‘Lloyd’s’’), A Hand-Book to the Birds of Great Britian, 4 vols. of 300p each, 124 col. plates, 197 Se Shufeldt, M. D., R. W., Scientifie thaie: ermy for Museums, 71 full page plates (ope) OF Weel tea WED a fe eaencep ageesssseeasuse ree y-Sacaccn: 2 Smithsonian Reports, 43 vole. from 1853 to 1895, inclusive.) ees Stegneger, Poisonous Snakes of North America, 144p, 19pl, 7O0fig.........-......2..... Studer’s Birds of North America. 200p, 119 col. pl., imp. 4to; full Morrocco, (BAB) oN RE TEE eid ER Eee ee Vennor, Our Birds of Prey, or the Eagles, Hawks and Owls of Canada, 30 large photograph plates, ($12.00) Whitlock, The Migration of Birds, 140p 907 UG SL ORR RAs RY RMN Se cea Wilson, Study of Prehistoric Anthropol- ogy, Hand Book for Beginners, 76p, 20D], 28 tig 2 eae 2 sae ee ee Wilson, Prehistoric Art. valuable to stud- ents, 340p, 74pl., 825fig ee. Wood, Animate Creation. Revised and adopted to American Zoology by Hold- er, 60 parts, complete, 30 page ole- ographs, 60 plates and profusely illus- Crater (G15) ees ae eaten Ridgway, Hummingbirds, 132p, 46pl, 47fig FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. 2 10 2 90 3 15 5 20 2 90 2 10 1 90 6 00 1 90 THE OOLOGIST. 15 ‘You might as well be out of the Bird World altogether as go without THE OSPREY.” ire OSFrihY An ILLUSTRATED MonTHLY MAGAZINE OF POPULAR ORNITHOLOGY. Edited by THEODORE GILL, in Co-operation with ROBERT RIDGWAY, L. STEJNEGER, C. W. RICHMOND and Other Eminent Ornithologists. Tue Osprey does not keep a poet, but it has an office cat who can catch more birds than all the poets put together. If you don’t believe this, read THE Osprey. If you want to buy, sell or exchange specimens, advertise in THE Osprey. If you want to keep in with other Bird Men, subscribe for THE Osprey. If you want to write about Birds, you can do it in THE Osprey, provided you know how to write. If you likea beautifully printed and profusely illustrated magazine, all about Birds you. MUST HAVE THE OspREY. TERMS: ONE DOLLAR A YEAR. PuBLISHED By THE OSPREY COMPANY, 321-323 4% St., Washington, D. C. THE COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB | Has published three-fourths of the most interesting descriptions: of the nests and eggs of rare species of the West, which have been printed during the past six years, including the Hermit Warbler, Western Ev- ening Grosbeak, White-throated Swift, California Vulture, etc., etc. It is now publishing The Bulletin of the Cooper Ornithological Club. A crisp and breezy 16 to 24 page bi-monthly bird journal, illustrated as required. The articles are all from field workers and have a ring which enthuses the live ornithologist. The only Bird Magazine devoted solely to the Ornithology of the Great West. Always out on time! You want it! Subscription $1 a year. Sample copy, 20 cents. For sample, ad- dress C. BARLOW, Editor-in-chief, Santa Clara, Cal. Subscriptions to DONALD A. COHEN, Business Manager, Alameda, Cal. Subscriptions may commence with No. 1 (January, 1899). 16 THE OOLOGIST. Bird-Lore for 1900. Will contain numerous articles by recognized leaders in the world of science and letters, and of a variety which cannot fail to create wide in- terest. For the general reader there will be papers by John Burroughs, Bradford Torrey, Robert Ridgway, William Brewster, C. Hart Merriam, T. S. Roberts, E. A. Mearns and others, and Captain Reynaud, in charge of the Homing Pigeon Service of the French Army, will present a new ‘theory of bird migration, based on his experiments with homing pigeons. Attention will be paid to the bird-life of the countries made prom- inent by recent events, Tappan Adney writing of the birds of the Klon- dike; H. W. Henshaw, of the birds of Hawaii; L. M. McCormick, of Philippine birds and F. M. Chapman of Cuban birds, while A. J. Camp- bell, the authority on Australian birds, will describe the wonderful hab- its of the Bower Birds of Australia, accompanying his paper by actual photographs of their bowers from nature. For Teachers there will be a series of papers on teaching ornithol- ogy, in which Oliver Thorne Miller, Prof. Lynds Jones of Oberlin, Mar- ion C. Hubbard of Wellesley and others will describe their methods of instruction. Students will be glad to avail themselves of the assistance offered by Birp-Lore’s ‘Advisory Council,’ a new idea in self-educational ornithol- ogy, which places students in direct communication with an authority on the bird-life of their region who has consented to aid them. Among special papers for students will be Ernest Seton Thompson’s ‘How to Know the Hawks and Owls,’ illustrated by the author; F. A. Lucas, ‘Tongues of Birds,’ also illustrated by author; Professor Pynchon of Trinity College, will write on a method of keeping notes, and John Rowley will describe a recently invented camera, which opens new fields in bird photography. The illustrations will be of the same high character as those for which Birv-Lore has already become distinguished. ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION, $1.00; SINGLE NUMBER, 20 Cts. THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, Englewood, N. J. or 66 Fifth Ave., New York City. LARGESTanoMosTComMPLETEBUGGYIACTORY oNEARTH WRITE FOR = : PRICES ano Ogi Si Lala : gy \_nyiies CATALOGUE Sy sneer gant! nut wel un! wl! ‘tT ntl ne OuR Goaps ARE THE BEsT_~ OUR PRICE THE LOWEST Parry Md FG QC: Indianapolis fi THE OGLOGIST. A MONTHLY PUBLICATION DEVOTED TO OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. VOL. XVII. NO. 2. ALBION, N.Y., FEBRUARY, 1900. WHOLE No. 163 W ants, Exchanges, and For Sales. Brief special announcements, ‘“‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department \for 25c per 25 words. Notices over 25 words, charged at the rate of one-half cent per each additional word. No notice inserted for less than 25c. Terms, cash with order. Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-third list rates. What’s Your Number? Examine the number following your name on the wrapper of this month’s OoOLoGIsST. It denotes when your subscription expired or will expire. “No.162 your subscription expires with this issue 165) St Ss We ‘* April, 1900 170 be of ve 66 Sept. 66 WANTED:—Vol. 1 of Audubon Magazine, bound. JOHN W. BROCK, Noblesville, Ind. EXCHANGE:—I have 4x5 and 5x7 unmount- ed photos to exchange for same; also collection of eggs for Indian relics or photos. Address, -G. A. RODMAN. Woonsocket, R. I. WANTED:—Fresh skins for mounting, No. 133, 140, 154, 155 for 141, 144 or any others from here in exchange. C H..WESTPHAL, 620 F. St., Sacramento. Calif. WANTED—To correspond with all interested in NEW YORK STATE Ornithology. DR. MAR- -CUS S. FARR, State Museum, Albany,N. Y. 164 _ WANTED:—Old coins and rare U. S. stamps or fine Indian relics. Ican offer fine minerals -and two Ai cameras. L. V. CASE,Bedford,N.Y. WILL Exchange new Magic Lantern worth $3 for camera, photo size 3x4. complete, or Birds Eggs listing $3.50. Send listto GHO. F. RAITT, Lachute, Quebec, Can. : FOR SALE:—Volumes iv, v, vii, viil, ix, x -and xi of Recreation (volumes iv and v are bound in half leather in’2 vols) and volumes xi, xii, Xiiiand xivof OOLOGIST. ‘All in fine condition and complete, including indexes. Books are ready for binder, as all advertise- “nents are taken out. Price $5 for thelot. .Ex- press prepaid. GEO. C. ROBERTS, 1517 Chris- -tian St., Phila., Pa. WANTED:—Old China, Pewter, Brass and Glassware, Indian and other relics, Furniture, “Tinder-boxes, Sundials, &c. ‘South Columbia, N.*Y. - ERRATA.—Through oversight the advertise- ‘ment of Mr. John Rittenberg of Gaines, N. Y., was run in January OOLOGIST without correc- tion. He canstillfurnish, however, everything offered except the skins of Cerulean, Swain- son’s and Canadian Warblers. FRANK H. LATTIN, Publisher. W. A. HATCH, * FINE SETS, including, 389, 294, 708, ete. to exchange for sets not in my collection. J. CLAIRE WOOD,196 Randolph St., Detroit, Mich. JEWELRY, wholesale to agents. Send 10 cents for Gem Shell Scarf Pin, and wholesale price list to agents. Sells at sight, best and cheapest. Address W. M. COLLIER, Box 203, Valdosta, Ga. FOR BEST OFFER or For Cash: 1500 diff- erent stamps in Mekeel’s Album, also a quan- tity of revenues. Address W.H. WARE, 108 W. Main St., Kalamazoo, Mich. CORRESPONDENCE wanted with persons interested in the study of Bird Migration. Ad- dress H. A. WINKENWERDER, 405 N. Wash- ington St., Watertown, Wis. TEN Var. arrow heads and scraps of Indian pottery, 25c; 100 arrow heads, whole, $1.50, post- paid. Other Indian relics, minerals, geodes, shells, fossils, curios, &e. CURIO CO., Craw- fordsville, Ind. HEAR YE! Hear Ye! Hear Ye! This is to certify that my advertisements in the OOLO- GIST have paid me better than have the com- bined ads. in most of the amateur and natural science papers. Ads. in the OOLOGIST always bring returns, and it is safe to say that there is no paper having three times the circulation of this widespread periodical which can give equal satisfaction. MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich. : FOR EXCHANGE:—Foreign stamps, all dif- ferent, good ones, catalogue value over $25, in album for best offer in birds eggs in sets with data. ING K. TRUESDELL, Cold Spring, Putnam Co.,N. Y. ; FOR SALE:—Osprey, vol. 1, Nos. 3, 6 to 12; vol. 2, No. 1, for best cash offer. Davie’s Nests and Eggs, paper, fourth edition, 65c, prepaid. L. S. HORTON, Gretna, N. Y. TO EXCHANGE:—For sets with data, min- -erals, fossils, shells, curios, back numbers of OoLoGist, Nidiologist. Osprey, Natural Science News and many others.- GUY H. BRIGGS, Livermore, Me. BOOKS relating to Natural History bought and sold. Write for catalog. NEWMAN F. McGIRR, Box 2044, Philadelphia, Penn. 18 THE OOLOGIST. FOR EXCHANGE:—Jasper Mound Relics, Fossils, War Relics, Old Notes, old time Slave Papers. Wish Copper Cents, Polished Agate, large, also American and Spanish War Relics wanted. H. J. SWENTZEL, 835 W. 6th Street, Wilmington Del. WANTED:—Skeletons and Skulls, all kinds, in rough and mounted, Bird and Mammal Skins, Reptiles and Batrachians in alcohol or formalin. Desire correspondents in all parts of United States, Mexico :and Canada. Back numbers of papers on Natural History and sci- entific books wanted. Offerin exchange fifty species finely prepared invertebrates in forma- lin, eastern bird skins. .etc. Correspondence solicited. F. P. DROWNE, 20 Benefit St,, Providence, R. I. FOR SALE:—Clutches of European species, White Gryfalcon, Gryfalcon, Merlin, Green Sandpiper, Greenshank, Golden Eagle, Gray Sea Eagle, Kestrel, Sparrow Hawk, Honey Buzzard, Peregrine Falcon. Hobby Egyptian Vulture. Apply. GORTON, 2 Upper Glouces- ter St.,{Pendleton, England. 171 CHOICE SETS of White Pelican, Laughing Gull, Willet, Wilson’s Plover, Foster’s Tern, Clapper Rail Black Skimmer, Green Heron and many others for sale very cheap. M. T. CLECKLEY, 457 Greene St., Augusta, Ga. 164 WANTED:—Eggs in sets with nests of all Warblers, Waders, Vireos and Thrushes. Send list of what you have and cash or ex- change price. Send 10c for large illustrated catalog. CHAS.K.REED, 75 Thomas St., Wor- cester, Mass. FOR EXCHANGE :—A fine oak egg cabinet containing 18 drawers, graduating from 1% to 5inchesindepth with glass doors. Cost 835 and is as good as the day it was made.. Would like first class sets, books on ornithology and oology ora hammerless shotgun... For parti- culars write, P. D. GETTY, Bloomington, Ill. FOR EXCHANGE or SALE:—Ten Complete vol. OOLOGIST, commencing with January, 1890, _in good condition. For best offer in cash or Indian Relics. If you wish them make offer at once. JOHN W. INGALLS, Rockford, Ill. NATURAL History Books and _ Papers, Stamps papers, Eggs, Minerals, Curios, But- terflies, etc. from this locality for half cents ‘' and stamps. R. L. WHEELER, 175 Cross St., Lowell, Mass. VOLS. 1, 2 and 3 Nidologist, bound in one, $5, postpaid. 37 extra copies Nidologist and Os- prey, some rare. Make offers. No exchanges. EUGENE S. ROLFE, Minnewaukan, N. D. SOME good Autographs and Good U.-S. ‘Coins, a few first ‘class Eggs and Copper spec- imens to exchange for Autographs or Curios that can be used to decorate a-house..or a good Field Glass. F. O. NELSON, 536 W. Galena St., Butte, Mont. FOR EXCHANGE :—Abott one thousand U. S. and Foreign stamps (used and unused). Want fossils, crystals, arrow points or small shells, &c. Send for list. W. J. ENGLAND, ©aro, Tuscola Co., Mich. HAVE OLD U.S. coins and eggsin sets with data toexchange now for the same not in my collection. I will have'several fine'sets of Os- prey, hawk, buzzard and owl the coming seas- on. Send Hst. B. A. CARPENTER, Salem, WANTED. American eggs in sets, with full data in exchange for British, will collect this. season if wants are stated early. J. GORDON,. CorsemalZe: Whauphill, Wigtownshire, Scot- and. ANDRE Monument at Tarrytown, N. Y. was. blown up afew years ago. Have limited num- ber of specimens of marble therefrom at 20c: each; also some minerals, curios, Second hand. books, including 15 vols. of Dicken’s works, for: sale cheap. W.S. ROOT, Box 626, Albion, Or- leans Co., N. Y. : WILL Exchange a bowling or ten pin set and a first class double action, safety hammer, 32: cal. revolver for Al eggs in sets. DR. R. L. JESSEE, Philo, M1. FOR SALE:—117 2-1, 19¢; 201 3-4, 24c; 201 1-5,. 80c; 263 1-4, 24c; 316 2-2, 4c; 3901-6, 49c; 431 n-2, 90c; 428 n-2, $1; 429 n-2, 90c; 4380 n-2 $1; 434 n-2, $1.60; 444 1-4, 16¢; 467 1-4, 24c; 498 2-4, 6c; 560 1-4, 6c; 581 1-4, 8c; 584 1-5, 40c; 595 2-3, 14c; 624 1-4, 24c;. 704 1-4, 6c: 721 1-6 1-7, 24c; 755 6-4, 12c. All first class, data- The above prices are per set. JAS. O. JOHNSON, Southington, Conn. TO EXCHANGE:—Odd numbers of Auk, Nutt. Orn. Bull., O. and O., OOLOGIST, and a score of other papers and periodicals, catalog- ues and books on fishes, reptiles, birds, &c.. Younger members of my family are interested in philately and I will exchange these books, &c. for stamps. Write for particulars and State what you have, enclosing stamp for reply. MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, ich. BARGAIN:—In fancy pigeons. One pair White Dragoons, $2.75; Red Jacobins, 81.50; Red-wing Turbits, $1: White Fantails, $3.75; Three pair of choice homing pigeons, $1 per pair. One White Fantail cock, good counter, tail is carried a little too much on one side, price $1. All birds sent on approval. JAS. O. JOHNSON, Southington, Conn. TO EXCHANGE:—Will ex. my process of Rapid Taxidermy complete. Full instructions. for preserving birds, mammals, fish’s heads, deer heads, &c., &c., with one pound of com- pound, prepared and ready for use, and com- plete directions for dressing skins and pelts. with the hair on for rugs, robes and hangings, together with instructions as to starting a. class. Will ex. for $3 worth of stamps of an average value of 2c. Youto pay the express— age on my package, which will be 20 or 3@c. This is the process which I have been. selling for $3 cash, but will sell it to you for $1 cash. Remember that I also send the formula for making the compound, and give every detail connected with this, the most popular style of mounting specimens. Address MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich. EXCHANGE:—Eleven dollar Mandolin and 81.50 canvass case for camera or kodak of good make. J. J. BRUGMAN, 607 N. 16th St., Davenport, Iowa. 2 FOR SALE:—Sets of eggs with nests and. without; also have fine singles to sell. Ad- dress, GEORGE W. THOMPSON, Jamaica Plain, Mass. ‘NOTICE :—I want the names of persons hay— ing minerals to exchange. » J. J. BRUGMAN, 607 N. 16th St., Davenport, Iowa. ‘SETS and singles to exchange for sets not in my collection. Send your list when you write- V. L. SMITH, Imes, Kans. THE OOLOGIST. 19: CURIO Cabinets mostly lack, samples of Moose-hide, with long, feather-lixe hair. I will send inch-square samples, from fine bull moose, for ten cents, each. prepaid. Am break- ing up my fine series of Hoary _Red-polls,an un- ique ‘collection, and rare. Write for terms. P. B. PEABODY. Hallock, Minn. 2S Ee ee ee ee FOR SALE or EXCHANGE:—Single barrel preech loading shot gun; 400 foreign stamps; hundreds of copies of the Youth’s Companion; collection of eggs in singles, without datas; curious Mexican Dollar of 1871; number of new and second hand school books. Minerals, Shells or Indian Relics wanted in cxchange. For particulars address GEORGE J. TILLS, Eagle Harbor, N. Y, WANT to buy for cash or exchange A 1 skins of Sage Grouse, Ptarmigan, rare Warblers, Send lists of what you can collect and cash price for first class skins. Illustrated catalog, 10c. CHAS. K. REED, 75 Thomas St., Worces- ter, Mass. WANTED:—Indian relics from every state, sets of eggs, old time guns and pistols, old tall clocks, antiquities of most any kind. I offer new and second hand Bicycles, Columbia Tan- dem, Hammerless Guns, Gold Waltham watch, Phonograph with one hundred records and cash. C. H. WATROUS, Chester, Conn. 164 TO EXCHANGE for perfect sets, especially Raptores. fine singles of 364, 337, 360, 339, 365, 58, 191, Silver and English Pheasants, 289, 294 and Short’s ‘“‘Birds of Western, New York.”’ ABBOT, PETERSON, Chestnut Ave., Jamaica Plain, Mass. A FEW first class Moose Scalps at $5 to %8; small nice antlered Moose Heads at 810 to 815, ready to set up; Snowy Owl, fresh skins, 82 to $2.50; Great Horned Owl, fresh skins, $1.25. Place your order at once as these will soon be gone, FORGE’S NATURAL SCEINCE ES- TABLISHMENT, Carman, Man. WANTED at once,a good fast Taxidermist to help with work. Apply, stating salary and ex- perience to CHRIS P. FORGE, Carman, Man. FOR EXCHANGE:—SETS AND SINGLES, A. O. U. NUMBERS, many in series; 6, 7, 12, 13, 16, 27, 29, 30, 30a, 32, 35, 40, 47, 49, 51a, 53, 58, 64, 70, 71, 72, 74, 75, 79, 86, [90], 92, 104, 106, 112, 115, 118, 120a, 117, 125, 126, 127, 128, 130, 132, 140, 154, 159, 165, 172, 191, 194, 201, 202, 206, 207, 208, 219, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 242, 243, 246, 258, 261, 263, 267, 273. 274, 275, 280, 289, 297a, 300, 301, 302a, 305, 313, 316, 319, 320, 325, 333. 337, 337b, 339, 339a, 347a, 352, 356, 358.1, 359.1, 360, 362, 364, 366, 367, 375, 376, 378, 378a, 387, 387a, 388, 390, 394, 406, 410, 412, 413, 417, 420, 423, 428, 444, 452, 454, 456, 461. 465, 466, 467, 474, 474b, 476, 477, 478a, 486a, 488, 492, 495, 495a, 497, 498, 501, 506, 507, 508, 511, 511a, 512, 513, 515, 519, 528, 529, 534, 536, 538, 540, 542a, 549, 550, 552, 554, 558, 559, 560, 561, 562, 563, 567, 567c, 573, 578, 581, 585, 587, 593, 593¢c, 594, 595, 596, 598, 599, 605, 608, 611, 612, 613, 614, 616, 619, 620, 621, 622, 622a, 622b, 624. 627, 630, 633, 636, 652, 657, 659, 661, 673, 674, 675, 683, 684, 687, 697, 703, 704, 705, 707, 708, 713, 715, 718, 719b, 721, 721b, 725, 726, 729, 735, 743a, 746, 755, 766, 757, 758, 728a, 759b, 761, 766. The above for DESIR- ABLE MATERIAL and THAT ONLY. I WISH— LIvE Pine Grosbeaks, and living individuals of certain species of small mammals—MAMMAL skins WITH SKULLS—CERTAIN back number of Ornithological publications, Government reports &c; ALSO “‘separates’’ of ornithological and mammalogical articles—AND PARTICUL- ARLY “North American Fauna” No. 12: I ALSO HAVE rare stamps and skins of Arctic birds to exchange fordesiderata: J: D SORN- BORGER, 101 Hammond St., Cambridge, Mass, Have you tried my process of Rapid Taxidermy? If not you will be gratified by a big surprise. There is money to be made by the preservation. of specimens for the market or the school, par- lor, office and den. Any boy, girl or sportsman. may learn this method at the first attempt,and decorate the trophies and birds of the neigh- borhood. The cost is next to nothing, and when several go in and work together, there is- nocost. You may make money in any town or the country, On receipt of $X.OO cash or stamps I will send the complete printed instructions to mount Birds, Mammals, Heads, etc , and one- pound of the Preservative, ready prepared for the work; together with complete directions for dressing skins with the hair on, for rugs, robes and hangings, and in addition I will make the extra inducement of offering the for-- mula for making the Preservative Compound, with the privilege of selling the same. The process will be exchanged for $3.00 worth of stamps, or for other exahange. What have- you to offer? Address MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich. Mounted Birds. IAmericam Crowes eee eee ectceeeee 8 American Herring Gull...... ............. Blue Jay American Merganser........ 02... eseeee-s American Golden- eye ... ......... eee 1 pair Buffieheads elegantly mounted un- der 18x26in. Oval Convex Glass shade, well worth $25. Only .. .............. 13 00 Four (4) Snow Buntings, winter scene, under 16x22 in. Oval Convex Glass shade. Regular price, 825.00. Only.. 13 00 I can also furnish A No. i Skims of the following species at omly 25 cts. each or five (5) your selection for $1.00: American Crow. American Crossbill, Indigo Bunting. Cedar Waxwing, Blue Jay,Mourning, and Black-throated Green Warblers. Black Squirrel, Skins ........ 1... ....ee sees $ 60 “ “ mounted...... ..........-6- 1 60 All specimens carefully packed, safe delivery guaranted and shipped by mail, express or freight (cheapest way) at purchasers expense. Birds in meat. Specimens collected and mounted to order, Over twenty (20) years ex- perience as a taxidermist. No lists. Corres- pondence solicited from parties meaning busi- ness. Address JOHN RITTENBERG Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Y. Marine Curios and Shells. I make a specialty in collecting, pre- paring and selling anything in the line of Marine Specimens obtainable on the Gulf Coast. I sell to the Collector as well as to the Retail, Wholesale and Jobbing trade. Jj. H. HOLMES, Dunedin, Fla. mn B (e) F:| ee e) 4 ot et St OO CO Rt sesssenszs Gibb’s Celebrated Process of Rapid Taxidermy. In Practical Use for Over Twenty-five Years. Used everywhere in America. Hundreds of Testimonials. ‘Try and be convinced. Start a class. Money in it. BE YOUR OWN TAXIDERMIST. Naturalists, Collectors, Gunners, Anglers, Outers, Boys, Girls and all others in- ‘terested in nature and anxious to preserve the specimens taken in wood and field, have all felt the need of a simple method of preservation, which is free from intricacies and inexpensive. There is a method of rapid taxidermy now in extensive use which meets the re- quirements of all amateurs who wish a practicable yet simple and inexpensive msthod of preserving the trophies of the outing and collecting trip. This is not the old system of so-called stuffing, so expensive, laborious and disappointing, but is a rapid system, which anyone can learn at once and which is guaranteed to give satisfaction. By :this process you may preserve the beautiful plumage of the grouse and woodcock, or the pike’s or buck’s head, or the showy feathers of the tanager. Boys, girls and all others can do good work and may make money, as mounted ‘heads and birds find a ready sale, and besides you may teach your friends and decorate the schooJroom, office and dining-room with native birds and other at- tractions. If you are in doubt, then get your friends to go in with you and start a class, for when several work together there is an advantage, and the expense is next to nothing. On the receipt of $1.00, cash or stamps I will send full printed instructions for mounting birds, heads. mammals, etc., and all materials for mounting and pre- serving specimens—including prepared compound. together with full directions for dressing skins with the hair on for rugs and robes, so that you will not be to the expense of one cent and will send full directions how to start a class. Remember I guarantee satisfaction or money refunded. ' Mention OdLogrsT and address MORRIS GIBBS, M. D, KALAMAZOO, MICH. For a limited time I will send my process complete, including the compound, on the receipt of $3.00 worth of postage stamps, averaging 2c in value. This offer holds good until April 1, 1900. THE OOLOGIST. VOL. XVII. NO. 2. ALBION, N. Y., FEBRUARY, 1900. WHOLE No. 163. THE OOLOGIST. A Monthly Publication Devoted to OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. FRANK H. LATTIN, Editor and Publisher, ALBION, N. Y. Correspondence and items of interest to the pa of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, so!icited rom all. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: Single subscription............+...50C per annum Sample CopieS.......cce.cecee.cecccesceseedc CAC The above rates include payment of postage. Each subscriber is given a card good for a Want, Exchange or For Sale Notice. (This card is redeemable at any time within one year from date thereon.) Subscriptions can begin with any number. Back numbers of the OoLogist can be furnished at reasonable rates. Send stamp for descrip- tions and prices. i Remember that the publisher must be noti fled by letter when a subscriber wishes his paper stopped, and all arrearages must be paid. ADVERTISING RATES: 6 cents per nonpareil line each insertion. 12 lines in every inch. Seven inches in a col- umn, and two columns to the page. Nothing inserted for less than 25 cents. No “special rates,” 5 cents per line is ‘“‘net,” ‘‘rock bottom,” ‘‘inside,” ‘‘spot cash” rate from which there is no deviation and no commission to agents. If you wish to use 5 lines or less space it will cost you 25 cents; 100 lines, $5.00; 1000 lines, $50.00. “Trade” (other than cash) advertise- ments will be accepted by special arrangement only and at ratesfrom double to five times cash rates. Due Bills and Cards payable in advertis- ing will be honored only at regular rates in force at the date of issuance of said bill or card. Remittances should be made by Draft, Express or Postofiice Money Order, Registered Letter or Postal Note. Unused U.S. Postage Stamps of any denomination will be accepted for sums un- der one dallar. Make Money Orders and Drafts payable and address all subscriptions and com- munications to FRANK H. LATTIN, Aibion, Orleans Co., N. Y. GQFFEEED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBIOm, RW. Y., AB SECOND-CLASS MATTER eee an . A Robin Roost. ‘Upborne with indefatigable wings, Over the vast abrupt, ere he arrive, The happy isle.” —Milton. On first reading Mr.Torrey’s most ex- cellent article upon Robin Roosts,I was.. agreeably surprised to find that my town. was the place of their nightly gather- ing, and on piecing the meagre descrip- tion that was in the book, together, I. soon made up my mind as to where the roost was, also, it then being as late as the first of September, to visit the roost without delay. Accordingly, on a. cloudy Monday afternoon (the 11th), I wended my way to the spot. I did not esteem it a particularly ideal spot for Merula migratoria to assemble, not be- ing especially private, or especially adapted as far as I could see. But, then,. we are yery apt to measure others from our own feeble penny-weight scale,and, no doubt, the traditions of the robins- forbade any undue change of location. The robins’ motto seems to be, ‘Let well enough alone.’’ A good one from more than one point of view. ‘‘Besides,” the first robin seemed to say, as he dropped boldly over my head, ‘‘we at least are not skulkers, we leave that for our betters.’’ ‘Let all who hate us come and look upon us.” I had arrived just after sun down and the robins were coming plentifully when Iappeared upon the scene. The roost was a large clump of white oaks,maples and birches, bounded on the south by a wet meadow, on the east by a small pond and on the north and west by a public road and small undergrowth. It. commenced to rain before I had been there long, not a decided rain, but a gentle ‘‘insinuating’’ downfall, which. seemed in doubt whether it should con- tinue or not. The robins which were coming, in force, from the first, came- faster and faster and the rain and dusk. ~ descended more swiftly, until finally, L. “22 THE OOLOGIST decided that ‘‘discretion is the best part of valor,” and turning up my coat collar ‘Lignominiously fled. As I looked back, the tide of robins seemed in no way diminished. In all I counted 653. My next venture, on the 13th of Sep- tember, was of a more successful nature, ‘I being accompanied by a friend and arriving earlier on the spot than on the previous occasion. When we crossed ‘the narrow meadow it was 4:30 o’clock, and the sun had not yet sank, so we had a fine chance for operations. My friend and myself stood side by side to count. At first there were only a few birds which we could see on the horizon, a ‘mile away, coming toward us. Little black dots they looked and on nearing us, they either stopped at the outlying fringe of woods that bounded the mead- ow, or plunged over into the roost, tak- ing, however, great care to give us a wide berth, either swinging to one side or passing over if they were highenough. The greatest numbers came at dusk and as we could only see those on the sky- line and only counting on the south side of the roost, it is safe to say that at least five times the number we counted enter- ed the roost. They made no noise, ex- cept, perhaps, an inquiring pit, pit, as they flew past us. An appreciation of the difficulties of the count can only be experienced by those who have tried it for themselves. On this evening we counted 956 robins all told. About September 18, we made another count, but saw only about 720 odd birds. It is evident, that most of those of the 13th were migrants on their way south, and used the roost as a sort of rendez- vous on their south and northward journeys. By September 26, their numbers had decreased to 126, and by October 7, the roost was deserted. By comparing these statistics with Mr. Torrey’s,it will be readily seen that this roost has apparently increased since 1890. Whether this is due to a warmer spell of weather in the September of ’99, or whether the roost has actually be- come more populous is a matter for con- jecture, sufficient to say that on Sep- tember 13, 1890,Mr. Torrey counted 137 robins, while on that same date, 1899, I, with a friend, counted 956, and almost two weeks later, September 26, 1899, I counted almost as many as he did on September 18, 1890, he counting on the 13th 187 against my 126 on the 26th. This is also true,but not to so marked a degree of the only other roost I know of, namely, that at Belmont, in Middle- sex county. It is conceded by all that a love of company or gregariousness is one of this thrush’s most prominent character- istics. He is a veritable socialist among birds. Not so much in the sense we use the word, as the word itself implies. He is the burglar among birds, the hon- est steady-going farmer, with his loud and hearty voice, and his cherry waist- coat, which by the way, is not nearly so much in bad taste as some of the appar- el worn by the human species on certain out-door occasions. amen Other songs may charm our ears, other beauties delight our eyes, but we will never desert our steadfast friend, the robin. No! Not even if we own a cherry tree. Bird Life in a City Yard. When I was a lad one of the pleasures was in observing the birds of our neigh- borhood, and the first annotated list which I began was on those species not- ed in my father’s yard in the heart of the village. The list rapidly increased, and now after almost continued obser- vation, covering a period of more than thirty years, it has grown to ‘‘the big- ness you see,” embracing one hundred and thirty-four species. The list is pre- sented as interesting evidence of what may be accomplished through continued observation. THE OOLOGIST. 23 The yard where the notes were taken is almost exactly 5 x 12 rods in size, and in nearly the exact center of the cor- porate limits, which were two and a half miles square at the time when the jist was begun, in the village of about §,000 inhabitants; but at present we have acity of over 25,000. A house, barn and shed were situated on the old homestead, and several evergreens, maples, burr oaks, apple trees, and a row of cherry trees, together with cur- rant and raspberry bushes and other shrubs, and a flower and small vegetable garden filled in the space of this typical village home. Time has greatly chang- ed the flora and fauna, and naturally, many species of birds which formerly frequented the yard, either as regular visitors,spring and autumn, or as occas- ional transients are now seen no more, an undoubted result of the increased size of the city with the consequent re- moval of the forests surrounding the corporation. Notwithstanding the changes resulting from over thirty years in a thriving manufacturing city, there are still many species which visit us each year in migrations from the south, and afew which are fairly regular in their appearance in the winter, and there still occur occasional surprises in the appearance of little expected spec- ies. This list embraces the species of birds seen within the enclosure of about sixty- one square rods, or observed flying above the yard. In addition to thelist presented, there are a dozen or more others which I have recorded, but feel uncertain of and so do not embrace. Among the divers the common Loon, Red-throated Loon and _6$ strangely enough thea Pied-billed Grebe, were seen flying over; the latter an unusual sight in migrations. Of the gulls, the Herring was repeat- edly seen, supposedly of the variety, and the Bonaparte’s. Few of our twenty odd species of ducks were identified among the thous- ands which flew over, as they generally migrate at night. However, I have dis- tinguished the Goosander, Butterball, Pintail, Wood Duck and Mallard. The Whistling Swan has been observed Sweeping over, and of the geese, the Common Brant, Snow Goose and Cana- da Goose have been observed, the two latter still annually observed. Passenger Pigeons, so abundant for- merly, were frequently seenin immense flocks, both spring and autumn, and when these misused birds nested in the vicinity of Kalamazoo I have known the young to straggle into our yard and once noted one which made its home in the neighborhood for several days. An occasional Mourning Dove was seen to flit by. A good sized flock of Ruffed Grouse flew bewildered into our yard, and one which came in contact with tne house was stunned and captured. It was not rare to see Bob-whites in the village years ago, and they visited our loton one occasion. These birds are still found to wander into the city, and when not molested remain for some time. It may be mentioned that within the last year that a woodchuck was cap- tured within twenty rods of this yard and less than twice that distance from the post office. There are many other instances which point to the fact that the wild creatures, if giyen a chance, will associate with us. Golden Plovers fly over in autumnal migrations. Occasionally I hear a Semi-palmated, and also the Least, Pec- toral and Spotted Sandpipers as they wing their way in the dark, while the well known Call of the Killdeer is often heard. The form of the Woodcock was once seen at dusk, while the towering Snipe was not rare twenty years ago, but it now confines its mating flight to the marshes. Field Plovers and Greater and Lesser Yellow-legs have been re- corded from their notes. 24 THE OOLOGIST. Among the long-legged waders the Great Blue Heron is the only represen- tative,and an immature was killed with- in gun shot of our fence, and which had perched in our tall oak just previously. A Carolina Rail was found dead in the yard, as an evidence of the danger of migrating in the dark. A Barred Owl rested in a tree in the yard. Marsh, Red-tailed, Red-shoulder- ed and Sparrow Hawks have been seen flying over; a Cooper’s Hawk was ob- served plying his trade among the exe- crated sparrows about four o’clock in the morning,and a Sharp-shinned Hawk was engaged in the same glorious work in broad daylight. We have five species of ‘‘borers,’’ which visit us each year; the Downy Woodpecker is hardiest of them all and is frequently seen in mid-winter. Next is the Hairy. Of the last three, the Golden-wing and Red-head are liable to visit the oe ks of our yard at any date in the spring, summer and fall, while the Yellow-bellied is our visitor in spring and fall migrations, when it bores its numerous little holes for the exuding sap, especially in two weeks of the spring migration, when it is possibly a damage to the trees. Nighthawks often fly over, as also the rattle-noted Kingfisher. The Black- billed Cuckoo is not rare, and the Yel- low-billed species is one of the few birds that have been added within the last few years, as it is more abundant in this region than formerly. The gor- geous little Ruby-throated Humming- bird enlivens the garden and the vVicin- ity of the potted piants. Swifts whirl in rapid flight above the house, and oc- casionally form their nests in our chim- neys. The plain little Phoebe is heard each season, while the dear melodious Wood Pewee quavers its sweet notes during the summer, occasionally nesting in the oaks. The clamorous Kingbird always appears, more often in summer, and af- ter the nesting duties are completed. One Least Flycatcher has wandered in- to our yard, and I have observed one Olive-sided Flycatcher, which is very rare in Michigan, but there was no mis- — taking the peculiar notes, which heard once are never forgotten. Bobolinks fly over, gushing forth in rollicking song, but never deign to alight. The stealthy Cowbird sneaks. about, but I could never find that she ever made any of her unsolicited depos- its in the nests of our yard. The Red- wing and Rusty Blackbirds fly over in straggling flocks, and the Meadowlark is observed above and sometimes rests in the oak tops. The Bronzed Grackle nested regularly in the evergreens be- fore they were cut down, and still troop about in annually increasing flocks as the advantages of a city life are made known to them. Those beautiful and vivacious, as well as useful birds, the Baltimore and Orchard Orioles, both nested with us previous to the removal of the apple trees and sugar maples, and are still with us seasonally as sing- ers. Straggling flocks of Crows fly over at all seasons, there being one hundred now where there was one a quarter of a century ago. Surely, civilization assists some species, even if it does produce extinction in some useful birds and mammals. Our Blue Jay is as abund- ant as formerly, and one of our ola stand-bys, and his defiant scream is heard at all seasons of the year. Among the large number of the spar- rows the Purple Finch is one of the first musical species to appear from the south and he sometimes lends his presence on his way north. The Tree Sparrow is a rare visitor as he prefers the wilder sec- tions. The Chewink has been observed but once in our yard. The White- crowned Sparrow is alsoa rare caller, though common outside the village. ‘‘Pea-bod-dy’’ is an annual loiterer, and offers his sweetest strains a little after his near relative, the White-crowned, THE OOLOGIST 25 has departed. Chipping Sparrows are common about the hedge and piazza from April to October, and the Song Sparrow a fortnight earlier, and later, builds its nest two or three feet up in the hedge which bounds the lot on one side. A vision of color and loud but delightful song comes with the Rose- breasted Grosbeak, which has sung each season for several years, though I cannot imagine where thev can nest in this neighborhood, for it is not suited to their requirements. Another singer is the Indigo bird, now seldom heard in the neighborhood. The sulphur coat of the Goldfinch is a pleasant sight to us, while the ubiquitous passer of imported fame is an eye-sore to the community. Of the sparrows which only appear in the colder months, may be mentioned the rare Evening Grosheak, which vis- its lower Michigan at rare intervals and has been observed in our yard but dur- ing a single season. The Pine Gros- beak is another oceasional winter strag- gler, while the red and white-winged Crossbills both visit our evergreens. The common Redpoll and Pine Siskin are occasional visitants, appearing a little after the Junco leaves us for the south, and about the time when the Snowflakes fly in compact flocks on their winter wanderings. The cherring notes of the Red-eyed Vireo are to be heard each May, June and July, while the soul-thrilling, gurg- ling melody of the Warbling, and the clear penetrating staccato of the Yel- low-throated Vireos are listened to with delight, though the Jatter singer does not nest in the neighborhood to my knowledge. That sweet singing bird of gorgeous plumage, the Scarlet Tanager, wanders into our domain in May while looking fora mate, and proves to us that a guady bird may sing divinely. The Cedarbird once built its nest in our old greening tree, and still appears ir- regularly in winter. The cherry trees were the attraction in summer, and the mountain ash berries in cold weather. One White-rumped Shrike visited us years ago, and a Great Northern Shrike was captured in the winter. Five species of swallows fly ab>ve our yard annually; the Barn, Eave, Tree, Bank and Purple Martin, the Jatter for- merly nesting in a little bird house on the roof of the barn. ‘The flights of these swallows are readily distinguisha- ble. I think I have seen the Rough- wing flying. but it will not be recorded, for no species are embraced excepting those positively identified. ‘The Prairie Horned-Lark is occasionally seen above in its undulating flight, uttering its cheery chirp. During the migrations many species of warblers are noted as they pause on their journey to search for the insect food which is their reliance. There are thirty or more species of these little winged sprites in the county, but some of them have not visited our lot, as they are lovers of wilder sections. It is strange that the Wilson’s White-browed and Caps May Warblers should be seen in the city. The Black-and-White Creep- ing, Black throated Green, Yellow-rump. and Blackburnian are the most frequent- ly seen, and until recently were season- ally observed, whilo the Chestnut-sided, Red-start, Parula, Nashville, Tennessee, Yellow, Black-and- Yellow, Black-throat- ed Blus, Bay-breasted, Yellow Red-pol- led and Oven-bird have only been seen at wide intervals, and some but once At any time, from the earliest appear- ance in April to the latest visit of the Tennessee in late May warblers are of almost daily occurrence in the enclos- ure; and again in September there are flocks which frequently embrace two to four species. But none of the warblers ever remain in the neighborhood during summer. That little busy-body, the House Wren, is a seasonal visitor, and once nested on the premises. Golden-crowned and Ruby-crowned Kinglets appear spring 26 THE OOLOGIST. and fall, and enliven us with their ac- tive movements, while the beautiful notes of the latter are heard each sea- son. The Gnatcatcher in spring and that curious little acrobat, the Chicka- dee, in winter are to be found. The White-breasted Nuthatch is a resident and may be seen at all seasons, and once nested on the premises, while the smaller and less noticable Red-bellied fellow from the north ocasionally strag- gles to our premises in fall, winter or spring. We also have that delicate mite, the Brown Creeper, which appears each year irregularly from November to May. The Robin is seen from February to December, and regularly for over eight months of the year. It nests in the yard almost every season, and is the favorite with all. One Wood Thrush has lent its presence, while the rufous tail of the Hermit was formerly seen in the row of raspberries in the garden, where it has been known to make its home for a week at atime inthe spring. The Olive- backed Thrush also visits us occassion- ally. Our querulous friend, the Cat- bird, was well known as a yearly visitor before the shrubbery and garden were cleared away. A flaunting Brown Thrasher has been known to flirt his tail in the back yard, but this was years ago and before we had taken city airs. I have even seen a Wilson’s Thrush in our yard, and have marvelled that it should thus vary its habit of almost con- stant seclusion. Our little friend, the well known Bluebird flies over or war- bles agreeably, but no longer nests in the box provided for him. It is only in later years, and since I have had the pleasure of reading the charming work by Gilbert White of Selborne, that I have thought to place these lists and observations in print. The notes on the birds, together with the lists of insects, mammals, indigen- ous plants, etc., would fill a small book in themselves. Let me say as an illus- tration, that I have identified sixty-four species of moths and butterflies in the yard, while but one each of the chelonia and ophidia, have been taken, the snake and turtle, of course, being accidental stragglers. Of the above list of birds I have found nineteen species nesting in the yard;most of which are only oceasional nesters, a few of which were found nesting but in a single instance, while four may be called fairly regular as nesters. Morris Gispss, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich. Some Summer Birds of Androscoggin Lake. In the month of June, 1898, it was my good fortune to spend a week on the shores of Androscoggin Lake and Dead River in the towns of Leeds and Wayne, Maine, in company with my naturalist friend, Mr. J. KE. Teague, of Livermore, and to observe the nesting habits of many of our common birds. It is an ideal spot for the lover of nat- ure, this large lake dotted over with its many islands, its waters splashing the shores and the birds flitting about; and to float across its waters and feel the summer’s breeze blowing about you filled with the fragrance of wild flow- ers and then to paddle gently down the limous waters of the Dead River. This river is the paradise of birds. To the lover of nature this scene fills one with awe that our Creator could make things so beautiful. We had a small camp back about twenty rods from the lake and when we arrived were met by the owner, Mr. D. P. Love, who had everything in readiness for our arrival. We at once made ourselves comfortable and after a lunch obtained a boat and rowed out to several of the islands. The follow- ing is a list of the species found breed- ing during our week’s stay at the lake. Loon, one nest with two eggs found THE OOLOGIST. 27 on a Small island of mud at quite a dis- tance from the mainland. Eggs very light, nest composed of water grass. Every night while lying in camp we could hear the wearying cries of the Loons out on the lake. Spotted Sandpiper. No nests were found but young birds in the down wero observed and old birds could be counted by the hundred. Downy Woodpecker. One nest was found containing young in a white birch stub leaning out over the water of the lake. Red-winged Blackbird. Nests were found containing eggs of this species built in low bushes in marshes back from the shore of the lake and many birds of this species were observed. Baltimore Oriole. This species was breeding. Nests with eggs were found built in old apple trees near the shore of the lake from fifteen to thirty feet from the ground. Vesper Sparrow. Several nests with eggs were found. Song Sparrow. This species was the most abundant of any species of Spar- row found breeding at the lake. Many nests with eggs were found on Lath- rop’s Island, the largest island in the lake, I found a nest of this species at the water’s edge built in a mass of dead water grass and driftwood and com- pletely roofed over and concealed from view. It was found by flushing the bird from the nest that it contained four eggs, which was the usual number found in all of the nests we observed of this species. Tree Swallow. One nest of this spe- cies was found near the mouth of Dead River back a few rods from the water. It was built in a maple stub nearly fifty feet from the ground. The stub was honeycombed with holes made by Woodpeckers, but only one pair of Swallows was seen. They were seen to fly to a hole near the top of the stub and were, as near as we could tell at that distance from the ground, feeding their young, Yellow Warbler. The most abund- ant breeder of any species found at the lake and river. Its nests were every- where found, built in low bushes near the water at a height varying from two to fifteen feet from the ground; eggs commonly three and four in number. Mr. Teague found one nest containing five eggs on the banks of Dead River. Its nests could be counted by dozens while the birds could be seen by hun- dreds. Oven Bird. One nest was found near our camp which contained five beautiful eggs. It was a typical nest of this species. ‘Maryland Yellowthroat. Two nests were found on islands in the lake built in low bushes. One contained three eggs the other four. No birds of this species were seen. American Redstart. Several nests were found built in low maples and al- ders from 8 to 12 feet from the ground. HKggs three and four in number. Catbird. Very common breeder; nests in low bushes; eggs three to four in number, commonly four. Wilson’s Thrush. Nests of this spec- ies were found on Lathrop Island and the banks of Dead River containing eggs and young. It was identified as this species by Mr. Teague and no oth- er species of Thrush was seen at the lake. Nearly all of the nests contained four eggs each. Following is a list of the birds seen at the lake and river but not found breed- ing: Black Duck. A few seen, breeds quite abundantly in the latter part of June and in July. American Bittern. this species were seen. Great Blue Heron. near Lathrop’s Island. Ruffed Grouse. Several were seen near the lake shores. Several birds of One or two seen 28 THE OOLOGIST. Belted Kingfisher, This species was seen but very sparingly. Kingbird. This species was very common on the banks of the river but no nests were obtained. Pewees. Several pairs were observed. Crested Flycatcher. Several birds of this species seen near the river. Least Flycatcher. Birds of this spec- ies were seen near the river in a low growth of ash and maple. Blue Jay. Not very plentiful, a few birds of this species were seen in conif- erous growth near the camp. American Crow. (Very abundant every where. Savanna Sparrow. Birds supposed to belong to this species were observed. White-crowned Sparrow. Birds of this species were seen by Mr. Teague. Chipping Sparrow. Abundant. Barn and Bank Swallows. Abund- ant flying over the water of the lake. Cedar Waxwing. Very abundant along the river banks. _Red-eyed Vireo. Quite plentiful in woods near the river. Chestnut-sided warbler. Several birds seen both male and female. Black-throated Green Warbler. A few pairs of this species were observed. Chickadee. Very abundant, American Robin. Very common near camp, also on the shores of the lake and river.: Bluebird. A few birds of this species were seen. In concluding this paper, I know how very incomplete it is of the species found breeding and inhabiting this lo- cality, but it is nevertheless a true re- cord of species observed during our week’s stay at beautiful Androscoggin Lake. Guy H. Briees, Livermore, Maine. A later report states that B. F. Bow- dish, of Porto Rico, who was reported dead in Jan. OOLOGIST; is still living. Full particulars in March issue. Blue Jays at Play. Reading Dr. Gibbs’ interesting paper in the December number of the OoLo- GIst entitled ‘‘Performers and Sing- ers,” recalled to my mind a *‘‘perform-- ance” that I was a witness to many years ago. ,Being in a newly settled part of the country, where the virgin forest was largely composed of pine. hemlock and cedar, a veritable paradise for Blue Jays, and they were there in great num-, bers enjoying it to the utmost of their capacity, and that issmall for a bird of their size. Being seated on the brow of a high hill, in the shade of a wood be- hind me, looking down on a cleared flat, with a large elm tree with a wide spreeding top standing alone in the centre; dead by girdling, but still re- taining its ponderous branches; and having for a background a dense growth of cedar and hemlock a little distance away. Whilst surveying the situation around, above and below me, — a noisy flock of perhaps twelve or four- teen Blue Jays came out of the wood behind me and made for the elm tree. They all dropped down upon the same branch, seemingly at the same time, which caused it to bend with their weight, to rebound again. This seem- ed to instantly suggest to the Blue Jays. that they could have a teeter; so appar- parently with that end in view they all began to work in unison. Grasping the branch tightly with their toes they would throw their bodies up to raise the branch, then bring it down with force to send it lower; until they soon had the branch going up and down to such an extent, that on its descent some of them had to partially extend their wings to maintain their balance; whilst each seemed calling on its companions to urge them on to the utmost of their ability. At last the branch broke from their united efforts and sent the flock into the air, when they made for the cedars and hemlocks beyond, with the greatest amount of discordant noise I have ever heard from Blue Jays; which I can only compare with the screaming laughter of children over the success of some of their own pranks. J. ALSTON MOFFAT, London, Ont. THE OOLOGIST. 29 THE COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB Has published three-fourths of the most interesting descriptions of the nests and eggs of rare species of the West, which have been printed during the past six years, including the Hermit Warbler, Western Ev- ening Grosbeak, White-throated Swift, California Vulture, etc., etc. It is now publishing The Bulletin of the Cooper Ornithological Club. A crisp and breezy 16 to 24 page bi-monthly bird journal, illustrated as required. The articles are all from field workers and have a ring which enthuses the live ornithologist. The only Bird Magazine devoted solely to the Ornithology of the Great West. Always out on time! You want it! . Subscription $1 a year. Sample copy, 20 cents. For sample, ad- dress C. BARLOW, Editor-in-chief, Santa Clara, Cal. Subscriptions to DONALD A. COHEN, Business Manager, Alameda, Cal. Subscriptions may commence with No. 1 (January, 1899). «You might as well be out of the Bird World altogether as go without THE OSPREY.” ts OSPRANY AN ILLUSTRATED MoNnTHLY MAGAZINE OF POPULAR ORNITHOLOGY. . Edited by THEODORE GILL, in Co-operation with ROBERT RIDGWAY, L. STEJNEGER, C. W. RICHMOND and Other Eminent Ornithologists. - Tur Osprey does not keep a poet, but it has an office cat who can catch more birds than all the poets put together. If you don’t believe this, read THE Osprey. If you want to buy, sell or exchange specimens, . advertise in THE Osprey. If you want to keep in with other Bird Men, subscribe for THE Osprey. If you want to write about Birds, you can do it in’ THE Osprey, provided you know how to write. If you like a beautifully ‘printed and profusely NOS Seekste Pageane, all about Birds you: MUST. HAVE Tue Osprey. TERMS: ONE L DOLLAR A YEAR. PUBLISHED By THE OSPREY COMPANY, 321-323 4% St., Washington, D. C. 30 THE OOLOGIST BIRD-LORE For February, the first number of Volume II, contains a full-page portrait of the late Elliott Coues, a list of over 50 prominent ornithogists, residing throughout the United States and Canada who have consented to aid bird students by responding to their re- quests for information and advice, and, among others, the following articles: ‘‘Con- cerning Birds’ Tongues,” (12 illustrations) by F. A. Lucas; ‘‘The Economic Value of Gulls,” (illustrated) by Frank M. Chapman; “Bird Study at Oberlin College,” by Lynds Jones; ‘‘Every-day Study of Birds for Busy People, including a method of Recording Notes,” by W. H. C. Pynchon;” ‘“‘The Season’s Flight of Crossbills,” (illustrated) from notes by William Brewster, J. N. Clark, and others; ‘“‘The Blue-winged Warbler in Southern New York in January,” by Elizabeth G Britton;’’ ‘‘Where the Grebes’ Breasts Come from,’’ by Vernon Bailey. 20 cents a copy. One Dollar a year. THE MACMILLAN CO., Englewood, N. J., or 66 Fifth Ave., New York City. Marine Shells and Curios. Mounted Birds. I am now in a position to furnish in quantit Blue-fronted Jay...........---..s.0.0 nt-cceeeee-ceeseeeeees y, 4 y all of the best species collected on the Gulf Coast CORDS CUE N ea tenes Pea peep peoe e sono eee and will be pleased to furnish prices on applica- Varied Thrush........2.......222.....2222.0--- tion. Best of reference given and watisfaction 7.N100'5) (1 RO) oes sete bse coce pas Reuse ecoreboe! Secerer ree guaranteed. Collections sent on approval to par- Am. Hider Duck (ine) eee Ee eae Bee 8 ties giving satisfactory reference. Any not ap- (not as gooag).........:......... - 2.00 proved can be returned at my expense. Address Kittiwake Gull all orders to A. J. BARNES, Dunedin, Fla. ERA Tass aes eis ig ns unas dates nee deen OVO Ore ies ees Te Taree eses detest By express or freight at purchasers’ ex- pense; over $5,at 5 per cent. discount. : All with stands or perches; alsoskins of most 9 of these Prices for‘skins quoted on applica- 50 YEARS tion. Can also furnish mounted specimens as EXPERIENCE given in last issue of OOLOGIST except Albino ee Robin. sis % ERNEST H. SHORT, ; Albion, N. Y. . SPECIAL. To dispose of my collection of Minerals I offer them at the following rates prepaid: 12 varieties, r10c; 60 var. 4oc. Every 50 includes the following fine crystals and tare ores: Autunite, Gemrose, Topaz, Noumeite, Uraninite, Garnet, Tourmaline, TRADE MARKS DESIGNS vVV* CopyRIGHTsS &c. Anyone sending a sketch and serene may quickly ascertain our opinion free whether an invention is probably patentable. Communica- tions strictly confidential. Handbook on Patents sent free. Oldest agency for securing patents. Patents taken through Munn & Co. receive special notice, without charge, in the Rock Crystal, Cairngorm, Aragonite, Pet. Wood, Obsidian Lava, Cystolite, Beryl, Amazonstone, etc., labeled and prepaid. L. V. CASE, BEDFORD, N. Y. 200 Business Cards, 40c; 100 visiting cards.35¢: 200 visiting cards, 50c. Sent prepaid. WILL- IAM PFLUG, 115 Pacific St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Scientific American. A handsomely illustrated weekly. Largest cir- culation of any scientific journal. Terms, $3 a year; four.months, $1. Sold by all newsdealers. RIUNN & Co,36+2roeewas, Hew York Branch Office, 625 F 8t., Washington, D, C. ‘and Magazine Publishing House of T= PAPER is printed at the Book A. M. EDDY, Albion, N. Y. THE OOLOGIST 31 BIRDS’ EGGS. Fine sets with data for sale at prices quoted. All orders over 35c prepaid, under 35c send 5c extra for postage. Figures following name of species indicate the number of eggs in the set. Orders over $5 filled at 5 per cent. discount. Surf Scoter, 5; $3.25. Am. Merganser, 9; $4.50. Short-eared Owl, 4; Willow Ptarmigan, 6; Blue-winged Warbler, 4; at 62 per set. Prairie Sharp-tailed Grouse, 10; Green-wing- ed Teal, 10; Yellow-throated Warbler, 3; Calli- ope Hummingbird, nest and 2; at $1.75 per set. Groove-billed Ani., 6; Mangrove Cuckoo, 4; Oregon Ruffed Grouse, 11; White-faced Glossy Ibis, 4; Wood Ibis, 4; at $1.30 per set. Great Horned Owl, 3; Limpkin, 4; Groove- billed Ani., 5; Ashy Petrel,1; Booby, 2: Oregon Ruffed Grouse, 9; Shoveller, 10; at $1.25 per set. Yellow-billed Magpie,7; White-necked Raven, 5; Whip-poor-will, 2; Chuck-wills-widow, 2; Am. Bittern, 4; at $1.15 per set. Cassin’s Purple Finch 3; Wilson’s Phalarope, 4; Redhead Duck, 9; Am. Barn Owl, 7; Prairie Hen, 13; at $1 per set. Ruffed Grouse, 9: Audubon’s Caracara, 2; Am. Osprey, Am. Oystercatcher, 2; at 90c per set. Northwest Flicker, 9; Bendire’s Thrasher, 3; Crissal Thrasher, 2; Pileolated Warbler, 3; Violet-green Swallow, 6; Calif. Woodpecker, 5; Western Grebe, 5; Calif, Brown Pelican, 3; Purple Gallinule, 8; West. Horned Owl, 2; White-tailed Hawk, 2; Harris’ Hawk, 4. Turkey Vulture, 2; Black Vulture,2; Red-bellied Hawk, 2; at 75c per set. Great Blue Heron, 4; Royal Tern, 4; Am. Avocet, 4; Am. Long-eared Owl, 5; Northwest Crow, 5; Red-shouldered Hawk, 4; Farralone Cormorant, 4; White Ibis, 4; King Rail, 8; Bar- tramian Sandpiper, 4; St. Domingo Grebe, 5; Burrowing Owl, 9; Screech Owl, 5; Gairdner’s Woodpecker, 5; Inca Dove, 2; Marsh Hawk, 5; Baird’s Wren, 8; at 60c per set. Palmer’s Thrasher, 4; Baird’s Wren,6; White- throated Sparrow, 4; Desert Sparrowhawk, 5; Northwest Flicker,6; Western Red-tailed Hawk, 8; Swainson’s Hawk, 3; Cassin’s Auklet, 1; Au- dubon’s Shearwater, 1: Fla. Bob-white, 10; Tex- an Bob-white, 15; Calif. Partridge, 138; Hermit Thrush, 4; at 50c per set. Red-shouldered Hawk, 3; Fla. Night Hawk, 2; Clapper Rail, 10; Virginia Rail, 8; Oyster- catcher, 4; at 45c per set. Least Vireo, 4; Red-bellied Woodpecker, 5; Am. Eared Grebe, 8; Langhing Gull, 4; Anhin- ga, 4; Caspian Tern, 3; Skua, 2; Am. Flamingo, 1; Road-runner, 6; Baird’s Woodpecker, 5; Chacalaca, 3; Red-tail Hawk, 2; Fla. Red- shouldered Hawk. 2. at 40c per set. Oven-bird, 5; Road-runner, 4; Bob-o-link, 4; West. Field Sparrow, 4; Phainopepla, 3; Summer Tanager, 4; Man-o-War Bird, 1; Calif. Gull. 3; Western Gull, 3; Great Black-backed Gull, 2; Bridled Tern, 1; Manx Shearwater, 1; Large-billed Puffin, 1; Horned Grebe, 5; Eu. Sandpiper, 4; Wilson’s Plover,3; at 35c per set. ; Fla. Cormorant, 3; Red-shouldered Hawk, 2; Texan Bob-white, 9; at 30c per set. Swamp Sparrow, 5; West. Blue Grosbeak, 3; Hooded Oriole, 3; Fulmar, 1; Pied-billed Grebe, 7; Nighthawk, 2; West. Nighthawk, 2; Texan Nighthawk, 2; Spotted Sandpiper, 4; Phaino- pepla, 2; Kildeer, 3; Least. Bittern, 4; at 25c per set. _.Brandt’s Cormorant, 2; Parasitic Jaeger, 1; Lapwing. 4; Scissor-tailed Flycatcher, 5; Pied- billed Grebe, 6; Forster’s Tern, 3; Carolina Chickadee, 4; Am. Redstart, 4; Calif. Shrike,6,; Purple Martin, 4; Stormy Petrel, 1; Pallas’ Murre, 1; Tufted Puffin, 1; Bell’s Vireo, 4; at 20c per set. Gannet, 1; Rose-breasted Grosbeak, 4; Chim- ney Swift, 4; Calif. Thrasher,2; Arkansas King- bird 4; Noddy Tern, 1; at 15c per set. Razor-bill Auk, 1; Towhee, 3; Wood Pewee, 8; Black Tern, 3; West Robin, 4; Am. Crow, 6; at 12c per set. Puffin, 1; Murre, 1; Calif. Murre, 1; at 10c per set. Mockingbird, 4; at 7c per set. Can use sets of A. O. U. No.'s 80, 125, 126, 362, 364, 280, 70. 74, 339, 349, 360 7, 228, 84, 106, 183, 184, 197. 200, 206. 261, 294, 325, 326, 382, 418, 428, 429 in exchange if rates are satisfactory. Address plainly and in full, Ernest H. Short, Albion, N. Y. JAMES P. BABBITT, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Taxidermists’ Supplies, Bird Skins, Eggs & Publications. Fine Imported Glass Eyes a Speeialty. Illustrated Catalogue and large monthly bulle- tin of bargainsin Birds Skins and Eggsfree upon application. TAUNTON, MASS. A FREE PATTERN (her own selection) to every subscriber. Beautiful cel- ered lithographed plates and illustrations. Original, latest, artistic, exquisite and strictly up-to-date designs. Dressmaking economies, fancy work, household hints, ort stories, current topics, etc. Subscribe to-day. nly 600. yearly. Lady agents wanted. Send for terms. Y, a ) Ex : fi eS Vor ladies, misses, girls and little children. That cer nistylish ‘‘ chic” effect not attained by the use of a ether patterns. Have no equal forstyleand perfect a Nb ot ! Pry 4 10 pus fogsther: ‘Only 10 and a canes reyerie r. Bo nearly every city and town, for them. ‘Absolutely very latest up-to-date styles, THE McCALL COMPANY, QBE-246 West Lath Street, - > - - New York City, No Yo 32 THE OOLOGIST. BARGAINS IN BOOKS FOR THE NATURALIST. I have them by the thousand and offer below many very rare and desirable titles at prices way below actual value. Of most I have only single sets or copies: All are new or good as new unless otherwise stated. Prices are by mail, express or freight at purchaser’s expense —will ship cheapest way. Money returned at my expense if books wanted are sold. Prices good un- til April I, 1900 Only. After that date, write first. Remit in most convenient way. Address plainly and in full FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, ORLEANS CO.,N.Y. Allen, A Monograph of the Bats of North America, 198p, 38pl............... $ Bendire, Life Histories of North Ameri- can Birds. Rare and almost unobtain- able. Only afew vols. on the market atany price. Vol. I, $9; vol. II, «750, or both vols.. Brown, Atlas of Fossil ‘Conchology with descriptions and illustrations. 98 full page tinted steel plates containing 3500 figures. Royal 4to. London, 1889. ($20.00) new Beane tata tesiarty alee ob Cobra Buffon’s Natural History (Barr’s Buffon). The Earth, Man, Brute Creation, Veg- etables, Minerals, ete. Ten voOls., minus Vol VI of about 350p ea. Illus- trated by about 200 0ld copper plates. 12 mo., calf, finecondition. Published in London in 1797. Lot, 9 vols, only.. Chamberlain, Land, Game and Water Birds (Nuttall), 900p, with plates and many illustrations, 2 vols bound in 1. Chapman, Frank M., A Handbook of the Birds of Eastern North America......... Cope, The Batrachia of North America, PAD Oy, (Layo, Tea ee ee oatecaraen Cope, Vertebrata of Tertiary Formations, 4tOMMO43 pet Sa pl es ees eee nd Coues, Field and General Ornithology— —A Manual of the Structure and Classifi- cation of Birds with Instructions for Collecting and Ereserving Specimens, SAA pn OB i ee le! api its eT Me Dana, Manual of Geology, Ist ed., 800p; over 1000figs ($5), 1.45; 2d ed., 1 90 Davie, Methods in the Art of Taxidermy, ($10), Dow out of print and publishers supply exhausted, will, soon be very 16 00 8 00 Donaldson, The George Catlin Indian Gal- lery with Memoir and Statistics, 940p, . 144pl and maps (8.50) .... 1 10 Goss, Col. N. S.. History of the Birds of Kansas (7.50), new and lasted... 4 25 Headley, Structure: and Life of ‘Birds, Ly oy Weshiiledien tele ss See Nee aN eral cman 1 70 Ingersoll, E., Birds’ Nesting (1. py seams 80 J ARDINE’S (Sir William) NATURALISTS Library. Post 8vo. Each volume con- tains 200 to 3850p and about 30 plates engraved on steel and colored from nature, also many wood cuts, original set cost %50::, Have just received a broken set in:poor condition, loose in » ‘covers &c. Text and plates, however, in clean and fair condition. Edin- burgh, 1835-1840. I have: “ Tehthyotogy (fish); 4 vols., lot only... ..... Entomology (Insects), 7 vols. , lotonly... Ornithology (Birds), 14 vols., lot only... -Jones, -Cassell’s Book.of Birds, four vols., 1250p, 400 large ills., 40 col. pl., 89 col. 1 20 2 10 6 30 7 20 .' 3 30 ees iT ordon and Gilbert, synopsis of the. Fishes of North America, LOS pes : ‘Kingsley, Popular: Natural History,A Des- cription of Animal Life from theLow est Forms Up to Man, 2 vols, 728p, 507 ills., many pl., Boston °90...... ..-...... Kirby (‘Lloyd’s Natural History’’) Moth and Butterflies. 5 vols, each containing about 3800p text, 158pl., beautifully and accurately illustrat: ing over 500 species true to nature,1897 7 2 6 80 Lesquereaux, Cretaceous and pone Floras, 4to, 295pp, 60pl... = Leidy, Fresh Water Rhizopods 7 “of North America, 4to, 335pp, 48ill., 1190 col. figs Lydekker, (‘‘Liloyds’”?) Mammals: Mam- mals of Great Britain, Marsupials, Carnivora, 3 vols., 300p. ea., 100 col. pl. Maynard, The Butterflies of New Eng- land, 4to, 76p, 10 hand col. pl. showing 250 life size specimens, rare, valuable, OWCIO fp Tinea eee Morris, Nest and Eggs of British Birds, 2vol., 154 colored plates, 1859...... ......... Mcllwrath, Thomas, Birds of Ontario ($2) Nature, Vol. XXXI to XXXIV, unbound, Cost B12. Te Ny ee ane Ogilvie-Grant, (‘Lloyds’), A Hand- Book to the Game Birds, 2vols.of 300p ea., 43 col. pl., 97... i Ornithological and Natural History Pups cations, can furnish back No’s of al- most anything published in America during the past 25 years. Write wants Pennsylvania State 2d Geological Sur- vey, 38 vols. cloth, many plates, maps, figs., &c., thousands of nages, $35_...... Ridgway. Ornithology of Illinois, vol. I, 520p, 33pl., 1889 Scudder, Nomenelator Wenisenate) TOA Alphabetical list of all Generic names employed by Naturalists for Recent and Fossil Animals from earliest times) to/1880)) 6p. Scudder, Tertiary Insects of North Amer: 16a 4tO (84328 ple eee ee eee Sharpe, (‘‘“Lleyd’s’’), A Hand-Book to the Birds of Great Britian, 4 vols. of 300p each, 124 col. plates, 97 5, | oni aL ae Shufeldt, M. D., R. W., Scientific Taxid- ermy for Museums, 71 full page plates GR DABeSs; Lex ties eee ee eee eee = Smithsonian Reports, 43 vols. from 1853 COM SOS RANCH UST Vic eee saan eee Stegneger, America, 144p, 19pl, 70fig.........-.-..-.2..-.. Studer’s ‘Birds of North America. 200p, (a soe pl., imp. 4to; full Morrocco, AB ET Sie Bee: GES) TSR Sa es Vennor, Our Birds of Prey, or ane Hiagles, Hawks and Owls of Canada, 30 lange photograph plates, ($12.00) .. ; Whitlock, The Migration of Birds, 140p TOT ek BSP N= Ee Wilson, Study of Prehistoric Anthropol- ogy, Hand Book for Beginners, 76p, 20pl; 28h ee. 2 eee ene Wilson, Prehistoric Art. valuable to stud- ents, 340p, 74pl.,,325fig ies 3 Wood, Animate Creation. Revised: ‘and adopted to American Zoology by Hold- er, 60 parts, complete, 30 page ole- ographs, 60 plates and profusely illus- trated: (S15) ae ae eG eee Ridgway, Hummingbirds, 132p, 46pl, 47fig FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. Special discounts on large orders. 2 10 2 90 3 15 4 5 3 90 1 40 3 20 3 10 5 20 2 90 2 10 Poisonous Snakes of North ° 6 00 1 90 THE OOLOGIST. A MONTHLY PUBLICATION DEVOTED TO OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. VOL. XVII. NO. 3. ALBION, N.Y., MARCH, 1900. WHOLE No. 164 Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ ‘““Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department for 25c per 25 words. Notices over 25 words, charged at the rate of one-half cent per each additional word. No notice inserted for less than 25c. Terms, cash with order. Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-third list rates. What’s Your Number? Examine the number following your hame on the wrapper of this month’s OoLocist. It denotes when your subscription expired or Will expire. Note your subscription expires with this issue 1 a3 oe o “* April, 1900 170 se sc ve ec Sept. sé 173 of ve 6s ee Dec. be 175 oe oe ee ce Feb. ‘ 1901 180 ee “ce a “6 July, be Intermediate numbers can easily be deter- mined. If we have you credited wrong we wish to rectify. OWANTED.—Minerals, Showy Shells, Marine Curios and Indian Relics. Can give in ex- change eggs in sets and singles, copies of Coin and Stamp Catalogues. Will pay cash if cheap. Address GEORGE J. TILLS, Eagle Harbor, N. Y. WANTED.—Long focus camera (Premo pre- ferred) 4x5 or 5x7. Will give first-class eggs in sets, rifle, part cash or allcash. H. A. SHAW, Grand Forks. N. D. FOR EXCHANGE OR SALE. 387 1-2, 388 1-2, 581 2-4. singles of 221, 263, 273, 289, 300, 387, 388, 495, 499, 507, 613, 624, 755, 511, 703, 704, 412, 1st class data. Above eggs will be sold cheap. Has anyone an egg case. glass “top, about 24x36 in., to sell? Ifso address HLLSWORTH KREIDER, Milesgrove, Erie Co., Pa, SPECIAL.—I have a nice collection of fifty varieties 1st class Al sets with data which I Will sell very cheap. Catalogue price is about $27.00. Just the thing fora starter. Write at once for list and particulars. T. J. GRIDLEY, Nordhoff, Ventura Co., Cal. TWO HUNDRED FIFTY varieties of stamps to exchange for eggs in sets, catalogue $9. Fine camera complete, cost $25, will sell for $8 cash, a bargain. Mounied birds to exchange for eggs in-sets with data. F. R. SANDERS, Laconia, N. H FOR EXCHANGE.—Fine collection of 400 different U. S. and Foreign Stamps cataloging 88, in a Mekeel complete stamp album, for A No. 1 sets (raptores preferred) camera, canoe or mounted birds. WM. F. EASTMAN, 478 Lebanon St., Melrose. Mass. THE MARCH issue of the OOLO- GIST was not mailed subscribers until March gist. Mence all ex- changes, ads., &c. are new and ‘fresh.’ HAVE 100 first-class singles including 58, 71, 80, 194, 214, 201, etc., to exchange for sets or sin- gles notin my collection. FRED BLACK, 906 Osborn St., Kalamazoo, Michigan. TO EXCHANGE .—The following well mount- ed birds: Nos. 1, 375, 758a, 364 (wings spread), 488, 581e, 567a, 627, 621, 506, 506, 5634, and stamps for camera, mounted birds, eggs of raptores and cyclometer. WM. L. EASTMAN, 478 Lebanon St., Melrose, Mass. TO EXCHANGE.—Eastman’s No. 2 Eureka Camera, 34x3. for best offer in sets of eggs or skins. All letters answered. W.G. AMON, 707 N. Main St., Washington, Penna. WANTED.—Large, showy eggs such as Murres, Gulls, Terus, Herons, Hawks, Grebes, etc. See my exchange in February OOLOGIST. GUY BRIGGS, Livermore, Mass. WILL EXCHANGE Land and Fresh Water Shells for same or for single Birds’ Eggs or Fossils. FRANK STOFFEL, Peru, Ills. FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE.—A few A1 sets with datas, a collection of 50 fine singles. Send your list and receive mine. ROY H. BULLIS, Winnebago City, Minn. WANTED.—“‘Davie’s Nests and Eggs of N. A. Birds.’ Will give $4 25 worth of Al sets, if in good condition. Send postalfor list. J. S. APPLETON, Simi, Ventura Co., Cal. WANTED.—Historical Relles of all kinds, especially small pieces of wood, etc., from his- torical buildings, ships, trees. Authors’ auto- graphs also desired. Send postal. HAROLD G. RUGG, Proctorsville, Vt. FOR SALE.—Sets of eggs with nests and without, also have fine singles. All are pre- aid. Send for list at their lowest prices. EORGE W. THOMPSON, Jamaica Plain, Mass. FOR EXCHANGE.—Minerals and Curiosi- ties, Old Books and Papers some Coins, U. S. Postage and Revenue Stamps, etc. GEO, WALTHER, Rushville, N. Y. i 34 THE OOLOGIST. TO EXCHANGE.—A good 4section leather covered telescope for 38 cal. auxiliary tube for 12 gauge gun. GLEN RINKER, Unionville, Mo. WANTED.—Sets of 58, 64, 76, 218, 261, 263, 373, 387, 388, 390, 393, 394, 591, 611. 624 and others. Good exchange or cash if cheap. A. E. PRICH, ‘Grant Park, Ills. ARE YOU! COLLECTING Postage Stamps? I have a few for sale to beginners. Several good books to sell. Write, RAYMOND C. FULLER, Box 524, Windsor, Vermont. FOR SALE.—‘Birds and All Nature,” Vols. I to VI inclusive, in fine condition, unbound, 312 beautiful colored plates, mostly birds. $5.00 cssh gets them. ALBERT F, GANIER, Bowmar Ave., Vicksburg, Miss. WANTED.—To exchange fifty dollars ($50) worth of first-class sets of this county for Coues’ Key or Ridgway’s Manual or for Egg cee BURNELL FRANKLIN, Pasadena, alif. HEAR YE! Hear Ye! Hear Ye! This is to certify that my advertisements in the OOLO- GIST have paid me better than have the com- bined ads. in most of the amateur and natural science papers. Ads. in the OOLOGIST always bring returns, and it is safe to say that thereis no paper having three times the circulation of this widespread periodical which can give equal satisfaction. MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich. WANTED :—Skeletons and Skulls, all kinds, in rough and mounted, Bird and Mammal Skins, Reptiles and Batrachians in alcohol or formalin. Desire correspondents in all parts of United States, Mexico ‘and Canada. Back numbers of papers on Natural History and sci- entific books wanted. Offerin exchange fifty species finely prepared invertebrates in forma- lin, eastern bird skins. etc. Correspondence solicited. F. P. DROWNE, 20 Benefit St,, Providence, R. I. FOR SALE:—Clutches of European species, White Gryfaleon, Gryfalcon, Merlin, Green Sandpiper, Greenshank, Golden Eagle, Gray Sea Tagle, Kestrel, Sparrow Hawk, Honey Buzzard, Peregrine Falcon. Hobby Egyptian Vulture. Apply. GORTON, 2 Upper Glouces- ter St.,; Pendleton, England. 171 CHOICE SETS of White Pelican, Laughing Gull, Willet, Wilson’s Plover, Foster’s Tern, Clapper Rail Black Skimmer, Green Heron and many others for sale very cheap. M. T. CLECKLEY, 457 Greene St., Augusta, Ga. 164 WANTED:—Egegsin sets with nests of all Warblers, Waders, Vireos and. Thrushes. Send list of what you have and cash or ex- change price. Send 10c for large illustrated catalog. CHAS.K.REED, 75 Thomas St., Wor- cester, Mass. _ WANTED—To correspond with all interested in NEW YORK STATE Ornithology. DR. MAR- CUS S. FARR, State Museum, Albany,N. Y. 164 TO KEXCHANGE:—Odd numbers of Auk, Nutt. Orn. Bull.,O. and O., OoOLOGIST, and a score of other papers and periodicals, catalog- ues and books on fishes, reptiles, birds, Xe. Younger members of my family are interested in philately and I will exchange these books, &c. for stamps. Write for particulars and State what you have, enclosing stamp for zeply, MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, ich. : TO EXCHANGE:—Will ex. my process of Rapid Taxidermy complete. Full instructions for preserving birds, mammals, fish’s heads, deer heads, &c., &c., with one pound of com- pound, prepared and ready for use, and com- plete directions for dressing skins and pelts with the hair on for rugs, robes and hangings, together with instructions as to starting a class. Will ex. for $3 worth of stamps of an average value of 2c. Youto pay the express-— age on my package, which will be 20 or 30c. This is the process which I have been selling for $3 cash, but will sell it to you for $1 cash. Remember that I also send the formula for making the compound, and give every detail connected with this, the most popular style of mounting Specimens. Address MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich. TO EXCHANGE.—‘‘Maynard’s Eggs” and “Silloway’s Common Birds” for skins,of adult male Harlequin and Oldsquaw Ducks. Two Al skins of Massena Quail for wading birds. GLEN RINKER, Unionville. Mo. “UNEEDA” pair of climbing irons to make your collecting easy. They will save your shins in climbing large trees. I have several pair which I will sell while they last for 75 cts. Send quick. CHAS. McGEH, Leavenworth, ‘BOOKS I have thousands of volumes relating to Natural History. Incase I’ve offered anything during the past year which you can use please favor me with list of wants and allow me to quote ‘SPEC- IAL” prices: All must be sold. Your attention is particularly called to my Book Lists in the June-July and October (pages 142-148) 1899 O6LOGIsTS. If ’ve anything Jeft which you want or can use I would be pleased to be in- formed of the fact ana will endeavor to see that the matter of ‘‘price’’ will not be a barrier in making a transfer. Frank H. Lattin, Publisher of OdLoGIstT, Albion, N. Y. z Our feeicturmed if wetail An sketch and description of any invention will promptly receive our opinion free concerning the patentability of same. ‘*How to Obtain a Patent’? sent upon request. Patents secured through us advertised for sale at ourrexpense. Patents taken out through us receive special notice, without charge, in HE PATENT RECORD, an illustrated and widely circulated journal, consulted by Manufacturers and Investors. Send for sample copy FREE. Address, VICTOR J. EVANS & CO. (Patent Attorneys, ) Evans Building, WASHINGTON, D. CG. THE OOLOGIST 35 Have you tried my process of Rapid Taxidermy? If not you will be gratified by a big surprise. There is money to be made by the preservation of specimens for the market or the school, par- lor, office and den. Any boy, girl or sportsman may learn this method at the first attempt,and decorate the trophies and birds of the neigh- borhood. The cost is next to nothing, and when several go in and work together, there is no cost. You may make money in any town -or the country. On receipt of $1.00 cash or Stamps I will send the complete printed instructions to mount Birds, Mammals, Heads, etc , and one pound of the Preservative, ready prepared for the work; together with complete directions for dressing skins with the hair on, for rugs, robes and hangings, and in addition I will make the extra inducement of offering the for- mula for making the Preservative Compound, with the privilege of selling the same. The process will be exchanged for $3.00 worth of stamps, or for other exahange. What have you to offer? Address MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich. Mounted Birds. PNTINOMI CAM IOLOWE ase tc eesie ae © Scaled Partridge. Perhaps a few notes on the Callipepla squamata, Scaled Partridge (A. O. U. No. 298) as it is seen in its natural haunts will interest some of the eastern readers of the OoLiaist who are not acquainted with this bird in life. Although Prof. W. W. Cooke in his “Birds of Colorado’’ lists this bird- as a rare or accidental visitant to Colorado, it occurs in considerable numbers in the valley of Rocky Ford and in flocks of from twenty to one hundred in the foot hills forty miles to our south. Prof. Cooke got his information from W. P. Lowe of Pueblo who perhaps never eol- lected as far south-east as this, and per- haps missed the species and- therefore caused the mistake. As this species has been but little studied I have given it extra time. Upon several occasions while collecting skins I have sat upon a rock and watched the birds as they wandered about seeking their food. In habits the Callipela squamata re- sembles the Colinus virginianus (Bob- White,) it goes about in flocks until the mating season which commences about April 1st here, but as this is the north- ern limit, it probably mates in March in the warmer latitudes. It is a non- migrator and there has been a flock of sixteen coming regularly every day to the barn on my ranch to get their breakfast. I have fed them when the mercury stood at 20° below zero. They get very tame when “treated kindly. Although they are a Southern species they stand the winters here as well as the Colinus virginianus or Callipepla californica which are both residents of Colorado. These in the valley visit the ranchmen’s feed lots and fare better than those in the hills who have to bafile deeper snow with only what food they can get above the snow. ‘Their food consists of wild sun-flower seeds, cedar berries and seeds of two or three other plants of which I do not know the names. At the nesting season the male will sit on some elevated object or point and call out his two notes of chug c-h-u-g which is nearly a whistle, (or a whistle with a grating sound) and is easily im- itated by the human voice. These two notes are repeated from four to ten times, according to the bird’s wishes, and are made nearly together, it taking the bird about one second to make both notes. The accent falls on the end of the last note. The key is about the same pitch as the first note of the Bob- White. THE OOLOGIST 41 ’ The nests are made in some depres- sion in the Rocks, where the birds in- habit the hills, generally under a smal cedar, cactus or other natural protec- tion, with afew cedar needles or dirt for the eggs to rest upon and a few feathers from the old bird’s breast as a lining, but the feathers are very scarce, sometimes lacking altogether. In the valley they nest under a sage brush, cactus or some other bush and haye a nice dry nest of leaves and small sticks, although built with no system as in the case with so many birds. They lay from eight to fourteen eggs of a dirty cream color with specks of brown of different sizes. A. R. BEYMER. Rocky Ford, Colo. Winter Notes. There are but few points to be ob- served from my study window in the winter months; still there is more of in- terest than would be at first supposed. There have been over a dozen species observed, while the plant Jife is worth studying. For instance, there is a little garden bed under my window which was carefully made over on the 28th, of last October, yet from this bed has sprung a mass of chick weed that has blossomed off and on for over a month and at this date, February 9th, 1900, is covered with buds, although covered with snow. The snow has come and gone four times this winter, aud twice we have had zero weather, yet, al- though the weather was below zero on the first of this month still the little chickweed showed a great mass of buds under the snow. Among the birds the Blue Jay is the most regular in appearance and hardly a day passes that these droll fellows are not seen and heard near our house The Jay is the most ubiquitous of all the birds in this country. Not far from our house and in plain sight from my _ window are two large oaks and in eacn tree isa nest. These nests undoubted- ly belong to the same pair of birds and they have probably been occupied by them at various times, and the devoted pair shows considerable interest even in winter. As my seat faces the oaks I can see all that is going on in the trees and and may keep watch of my friends with very little loss of time. The Jays are to be seen almost every day and when the weather is not too severe and often when the temperature is down as low as ten degrees above zero; and they may be heard shrieking defiance at old Boreas when the snow is flying and the windows rattling. This particular pair of Jays frequent- ly visits the oaks where the nests are built,and four times during the space from November to early February I have seen the birds visit the nests and hop into the cup and sit there as if it were spring, and remain in that po- sition for a full minute. Then the pair would hop about the site as if in memo- ry of the past season, or more probably in anticipation of the coming season. It is yery unusual for birds to occupy nests in the winter season, and I know of no other instance where this occu- pancy has been observed in the case of those birds which build open nests after the manner of the Jays. There are some species which build and lay their eggs in February and early March, as the Great Horned Owl, but it is not generally known that any of the com- mon smaller birds thus occupy their summer homes. Morris Gissps, Kalamazoo, Mich. > =< Mockingbird in California. I read the account of A. A. Jeffrey in the December O6LoGIsT and find that the habits and nesting of the Mocking- bird Mimus polyglotios differs very much in California from those describ- ed in the article of Mr. Jeffrey. Here the Mockingbird remains 42 THE OOLOGIST. (7/7) throughout the year. There were none seen here until about 1896. Then there appeared one pairin town. They nest- ed and now the county is full at them. It is noticeable that they stay yery close to inhabited dwellings. They nest in April the first time and rear sev- eral broods in a season. The nest is built up of small weed sticks and lined with hair, cotton or wool. It measures some 5 to 6 inches across and is usually 2 inches deep. It is placed invariably near some habitation, sometimes in a pile of brush, sometimes in a dead tree, while again it may be found in a dense undergrowth or hedge. When you approach the nest the male sits quietly by and watches. When within a few feet of the nest the female generally slides off the nest and _ re- treats a few yards and perches. There she sits uttering a sort of rasping call while the nest is investigated: They never make any fuss until the nest is reached. I have never taken a set, where incu- bation has commenced, of less than four eggs and usually five or six. The eggs vary greatly in size, shape and color. Some are almost round while others are long and pointed. There are bluish green spotted with reddish brown. Often they are spotted pro- fusely but sometimes a set is found with few spots on the larger end. The birds feed upon fruits, worms and insects. I have noticed them rob a nest of Warblers and eat the eggs. They also fight other birds. The male does most of the singing. He perches on a housetop, fencepost or other convenient place and pours forth his song in clear distinct tones. He can imitate any sound he hears, domes- tic or wild. The bird may be heard singing in the night and I have heard them singing as late as midnight and 2 a.m. Their song is very pleasing and consists of very short imitations of all other birds, only a few notes of each one’s song being represented. I should like to hear from the Mocker from other places in the U.S. This lo- cality is 36”; or almost as far north as he goes. R. LEE, Tulare, Calif. A Robin Tragedy. Early one morning in April, 1897, while strolling along the street enjoy- ing the exhilarating jubilant song of the Purple Finches, the activity of Bronzed Grackles flying back and forth over the tree tops with nest building material to various evergreen trees, and listening to the morning chorus of dozens of Robins, I found a Robin hanging about one foot below its nest. The nest was about ten feet up in an evergreen tree and near the end of the limb. Upon examination I found that they had used a quantity of white thread ravelings as a finishing touch around the rim of the nest and that several of these had become entangled iu the joint of the Robin’s tongue, so when in tke act of flying from the nest it was suddenly brought to a stop and jerked below the nest where the poor bird hung by its tongue, dying a sad and painful death. 1 took the Robin with the nest and one egg. A few days later I had occasion. to pass under the same tree and hap- pening to look up I was rather surpris- ed to see a Robin sitting on her nest which had been placed in the same spot as the first nest and she had even used some of the fatal ravelings in its struct- ure, but this time no fatality occurred and in due time a family of Robins was. added to the bird world. C. F. STONE, Branchport, N. Y. Suggestions. The army of enthusiastic young THE OOLOGIST. 43 workers in the field of Odlogy is stead- ily on the increase and while we extend a hearty welcome to new adherants we are still inclined to disapprove of all at- tempts to better establish method. For the benetit of xdvanced students, who have not participated in the joys of the exchange column, I will make so bold as to volunteer a few suggestious in ac- cordance to my experience. Eggs should be collected in sets. A set is the number of eggs found in any one nest when the bird has ceased lay- ing or may bea selection from a ‘‘job lot”” varying in number to suit purchas- er or the second party in an exchange transaction. Was once offered a set of 14 eggs of the Catbird accompanied with the assurance of its being an un- usual number _ In reply I heartily agreed with the coll ctor that such large sets of that species were very un- usual and while I highly appreciated his generosity in offering to part with so great a rareity, { could not find it in my heart to take advantage of such noble sacrifice by accepting. If you are an eastern collector prefix the word western to sets of the Biue- bird and Robin you collect. This en- ables you to gladden the heart of some eastern Odlogist by affording him the opportunity to secure the rarer western varieties. Have known this to occur and why it should be done is, of course, an insoluable mystery when we reflect that the eastern variety is of much less value. Have also known of a set of Red-headed Woodpecker to be sent to California as such and later returned east as the California species. Identification is of vital importance and should be irfluenced by the value of different species, When possible. For illustration we will assume that a set is found in a bush by the roadside and bears every indication of being that of Yellow Warbler but the eggs differ somewhat from the general run. You consult some work on birds and discov- er they fit description of Golden- winged Warbler and label them accord- ingly. Now, as you wish to dispose of them and spare a fellow collector the pain of suspicion, you simply shift loca- tion of nest on data to clump of ferns in woods and again refering to the book can easily ascertain its composi- tion. Blow your eggs through as large a hole as possible, especially if fresh. This enables you to feel inside with your finger and make sure the contents has been thoroughly removed. In packing eggs for transportation line a box with cotton and dump them in. Do not forget the lining of cotton as otherwise the eggs will bump against the box and injureit. It is not advisa- ble to carefully wrap each egg in a gen- erous strip of cotton owing to the grave danger of shipment reaching destina- tion without accident. J. CLAIRE Woop, Detroit, Mich. —<—— > Nesting Habits on the Black-throated Green Warbler. The Warbler is quite common in this locality and arrives here the last of April and the first week in May. Its favorite resorts and nesting places are thick spruce and pine forests on the slope of a hill. The nest is usually placed on a fork of a coniferous tree generally a spruce or pine with thick foliage and well out on a limb within a few feet of the tip usually at no great height. My note book says from 6 to 20 ft. from the ground ten or twelve be- ing height, in 1898 I had the good luck to find three nests with eggs of this Warbler May 26 No. 1, 5 fresh eggs;, nest placed on a horizontal limb of a pine tree near an old wood road, nest made of pine twigs, strips of bark and. grass, lined with hair and feathers cov- ered on the outside with birch bark making it very conspicuous against the green foliage of the tree. May 28 No 2 44 THE OOLOGIST. “7! °/ 4 eggs incubated about $. Nest placed on a fork of a horizontal limb of a spruce tree 20 ft. from the ground and well out on the limb, nest made of spruce twigs, strips of bark and grass lined with hair and feathers, this nest somewhat larger than the first. May 31, No 8, nest placed on a _ horizontal limb of a spruce tree, 11 ft. up and near the tip of the branch, nest made of spruce twigs, weed stems, strips of bark and grass lined with hair and feathers and contained 4 fresh eggs They migrate from here from the 1st to the 15th of Oct. I visited their breed- ing grounds after the breeding season in July and was surprised to not see any birds. Where they disappeared to I am at a loss to know. A. H. Mitus, W. Rutland, Vermont. Bird Notes from Maine. Birds have been quite abundant here this winter, I have observed the follow- ing species: Ruffed Grouse: that beautiful and val- uable game bird is very abundant here; nearly every coniferous growth is a roosting place for several of these birds. Downy Woodpecker: nearly every hard wood growth contains a pair of those interesting birds. Blue Jay: more abundant near my home than for several winters past. Amer. Goldfinch: have observed sey- eral quite large flocks of this species this winter. Pine Grosbeak: this species has been very abundant; several pairs of these birds have been in our orchard trees nearly every day and are very tame. White-breasted Nuthatch: Very abundant, several pairs have been observed in trees in our yard nearly every day this winter. Chickadee: this interesting little bird is an abundant resident throughout the y ear. White-winged Crossbills, Redpolls, Pine Siskin and Song Sparrow have been seen in different parts of the state but have not observed any in this local- ity. Guy H. Briees, Livermore, Maine. A Saw-whet Owl. On Feb. 10, while I was walking througn a small patch of bushy woods, with a few white pine and cedar trees distributed over it, I found a Saw-whet Owl asleep in a white pine tree, which I was much surprised to see. As I was without a gun I could not shoot him and so I chased him all around among the evergreen trees. He was very tame and would not move un- til I threw something at him and when flying he went in circles, and he had a very wide wing expanse. In the afternoon when I came back I found him still there and I shot him and had him mounted. J. STANLEY HOWARD, West Medford, Mass. A Unusual Nesting Site. In July 1898 I found a nest of the Chimney Swift built on a perpendicular wall inside a carriage house, the birds going to and fro through a small hole in the side of the building. The nest was made of the usual material and contained four fresh eggs. Guy H. Briees, Livermore, Maine. Errata. Feb. No. to hand. I see there are two grevious errors in'my note ‘‘Blue Jays at Play.” ‘That is small for, ete,’ should have been ‘‘7hatis not small etc.” Whilst ‘‘ponderous branches” should have been ‘‘pendulous.”’ J Alston Moffat, London, Ont. $2.75 for $1. imens, &c. mentioned in this Premium List to the amount of $2.00 including a card good for one Want, Exchange THE OGLOGIST. or For Sale Notice. 2 ee Bs ey 45 During the year 1900 Iwill mail every person sending me $1.00 for a year’s subscription to THE OOLOGIST, their selection from publications, spec- and THE OOLOGIST one year Make a combination with a friend—you take the premiums, he THE OOLOGIST or vice versa. Subscribers desiring to purchase additional premiums can do so in lots netting 50c or over at one-half prices quoted. j NEw SUBSCRIBERS are always in demand and for each an old one may secure premiums to the amount of 50 cents may be selected. : Remit in most conv enient manner. but do not send sums of $1.00 or over loose in your letter. All premiums are sentiPREPAID. Address all orders plainly and in full. FRANK H. LATTIN, Publisher, ALBION, N. Y. BIRDS EGGS; Singles. Chuck-wills-widow........ 2 Florida Nighthawk .......- Hy VEG wis Gal ease ooo Snowy Heron:--:...:...5 02222 Louisiana Heron............... Little Blue Heron...... -...... American Coot...-...-. ...--.--. Curlew King bind 2a Pea Se te Purple Grackle Florida Grackle....-..-. -....... Brewer’s Blackbird ........ Z Loggerhead Shrike Bell’s Vireo Shoveller ...__... Northern Hide White-faced Glossy Ibis... 1 WWiOodeibiss Sa Great Blue Heron............ uy Green Heron...-................. we BI’k-crowned Night Heron Red-necked Phalarope...... Wihimiprelees os eae is Lapwing ._. Killdeer........ Bob-white .............. Ring Pheasant.... Mourning Dove... , Burrowing Owl................- Florida Burrowing Owl... 1 Road-runnevr...............-.-.... Golden-fr’ted Woodpecker Cassin’s Kingbird......__...... Mexican Horned Lark...... American Crow......... ....... ISHE CLOW es ee s Stavling ese eae i . Red-winged Blackbird...... Tri-colored Blackbirda........ Orchard Oriole ibs Boat-tailed Grackle . oes House Finch..................... es Gray-tailed Cardinal......... Painted Bunting Yellow-breasted Chat........ Bewick’s Wren.................. Mockingbird Brown Thrasher Red-leg Turtle Moorhen European House Sparrow European Tree Sparrow.. European Blackbird......... European Redstart . European Robin JACKM awe eee eek a Greenfinch Yellow Bunting Hedge Sparrow......--...:------ 10 Song Mhrushy ee es e105 SamdniViantinisessess a saene 05 Willow Warbler................ 10 Sets. G@annetol-lerseees ey are: -- 50 Green Heron’ 1-4........ --.... 60 Blk-crow’dNight Heron1-3 45 Bell’s Vireo 1-4._....... ........- 60 Yellow-breasted Chat 1-4... 40 Brown Thrasher, 1-4 ......... 20 American Crow, 1-5......... CeO) TOP HON niab ayy Te eaten See Painted Bunting, n-5..... -.. (6) Mourning Dove 1-2....... -... 10 Boat-tailed Grackle 1-3... 45 Red-winged Blackbird 1-4. 10 Tri-colored Blackbird 1-4. 60 Orchard Oriole 1-3_........... . 30 European Blackbird, 1-4... 25 Yellow Bunting, 1-3........... 20 Chaffinch, 1-5..........2......2..... 30 Greenfinch, 1-5.......... ey 30 Redstart, 1-5............. 30 Song Thrush, 1-4 _.............. 25 White-throat, 1-5.. -.......... 30 SEA SHELLS. Worm Shell, Gulf Mex...... $ 25 Ark Shell, Gulf Mex ....... 15 Bubble Shell......... _............ 05 Helix Zebuensis, Philip’nes - 25 Helix fideles, Oregon. .... . 25 Quoit Shell (4%) .................. 05 Magpie, Bahamas ....... ..... 15, 35 Many-lined Bulimulus...... 05 Ee T.iClam® (4%) 2 15 Neritina reclivata, Fla........5, 10 Stair Case Cerithidea, Fla. 10 Angel Wing (3¥)........ ....... 10 Bulimulus Bahamaensis.... 10 Scarabus pyramidatus,Gm. 10 Achatinella olivacea,Haw’ii 10 “ spirizona,Hawaii 10 ft uniplicata,Ha’aii 10 Calf Cowry, Australia ......10, 25 Gnawed Cowry, Australia.5, 10 Cauri Cowry, Australia...... 5, 10 Crown Shell, Gulf Mex...... 15 Filleted Shell, Gulf Mex... 15 Spiral Shell, Hayti............ 10 Rock Murex, Fla... -... _..... 25 Thorny-nosed Murex..... Pink Murex, L. Calif.......... 75 Black Murex, Panama... 25, 75 White Murex, Zanzibar.. Scorched Murex, Bahamas 10 Leaf-back ‘ Med.Sea 15, 25 Japanese Eburna........... Peer) Fish Basket, Japan2 for. 05 Foxhead, Singapore......... 05, Giant Fasciolaria, young. 05 | Lettered Olive, Fla 10 5, 10, 25 Inflated Olive. Singapore .5, 10 Spider Web Olive,Cal_. 5, 10, 25 RiceShells,Fla.Keys,12 for . 05 Harp Shell, Ceylon........... 50 Dove Shell, Jamaica 3for. 05 Thunder Storm Shell? for 05 Lettered Cone, Ceylon.... 35, 75 Marbled Cone, Polynesia 50 Virgin Cone, Mauritius... 35, fe Miles’ Soldier, Ceylon....... 5 Fighting Shell, Gulf Mex. 25 Orange Scorpion, Poly...... 25 Violet-mouth ‘‘ Molucas ... 1.00 Pelican’s Foot, Med. Sea. 05 Ringed Cowry, Singapore 05, 10 Snake‘head Cowry Aus....05, 10 Money Cowry Ceylon .......05, 10 Mole Cowry, Zanzibar... 25, 50 Tiger Cowry, Australia... 35 Rye Shell, Bahamas......... 05 Poached Egg; Fiji........... 25 Hump-backed Egg, W.I... 10 Porcelain RumpSh’ll,Bah. 05 Paper Shell, Fla -.........2.... 25 Boat Shell, Mass..--......... 05, 10 Screw Shell, Calif............ 10, 25 Yellow Pea,England, 2for 05 Brown Snail, Mauritius... 05 Tower Shell, Cuba,2 for... 05 Bloody Tooth, W. L........ 05, 10 White Tooth, Tortugas. 05, 10 Zebra Shell, Nassau, 6 for 05 Wheel Shell, Japan, 2 for. 05 Goldmouth, Philippines ...15, 35 Venetian Snail, Med.,6for 05 Black Ear, Calif —............ 35 Keyhole Limpet, Bah........ 05 Band’dTreeSnail,Cuba 5, 15, 25 Black-mouth‘ ‘‘5, 10, 15, 25, 35,50 Hunch-back Partula 05 Little Agate Shell, Hawaii 10 Pea Nut Shell. Cuba,3for 05 Banded Melampus 8for.... 0 Mermaid Cradle, Pacific... 25 Sun Shell (pair), W. I...... 15 Pacific Scallop (4%) Calif... 15 Jewel Shell (4%) Australia. 10 Jingle Shell, Mass.,2 for. 05 Venus Shell, Calif.............. 25 Thorney Chama, Bahamas 15 SEA CURIOS. Tail of King Crab ........ 5, 15, 25 Brown Scaley Gorgonia Finger Coral, Hayti Pink Coral, Samoa Spike Coral, Bahamas Mushroom Coral,Gulf Cal. Propeller Coral, Bahamas10, 25 Branch Coral. E. I......... 5, 10, 15 Organpipe ‘‘ Singapore..._10, 25 Precious Coral, Med. Sea. 25 46 THE OOLOGIST. ‘$2.75 for $1” OOLOGIST PREMIUM LIST, Continued. Frank H. Lattin, Publisher, Albion, N. Y. Golden Sea Fan, Pacific... 75 Yellow Sea Fan, Nassau...25, 50 Purple Sea Fern ,keyWest 75 Armor Starfish, Panama. 50 Compass Starfish, Chili... .25, 50 Golden Starfish, Pacific 50, 1.00 Club-spined Urchin Bah. 25 Giant Purple do, Pace......50, 1.00 SpinedPur. Urehin,G.Mex, 25 “ denuded... 25 Key-hole Urchin, G. Mex. 25 Philippian Urchin, Phil...15, 25 Hgg Case Periwinkle.. 15, 25 Acorn Barnacles, Pacific _ 15, 25 Sea Horse, Med. Sea 50 Sea Horse.Pac......... 50 Pipe Fish (very fine) Pac. 1 50 Skate or Sand Shark Egg 05 Hermit Crabin Shell. _.25, 50 Luck Tooth of Cod, Atlan. 05 “Hye Stone,’ Gulfof Mex. 05 Alligator Teeth, Pla... 5, 10, 25 Anchocrinus bulbosus,Ind. 25, 50 Atrypa reticularis, Ind........ 25 Athyris vitata, Ikd..... ...... Scaphites nodosus, Montana TESOL ES nes 10, 25, 50, 1.00 MINERALS Zireon Xtals.. 35 Ferruginous Quartz, “ably. term. Xtals. 35 Halite Xtals, faceted cubo- octohedron SRO hie Waa 75 Hanksite, button Xtals_ fas 75 Thenardite DG FEW SNe eae 25, 35 mi erosses.. 50 Barite Xtals, Bad Lands... 35 Tourmaline Xtals, N. Y__ 25, 50 Satin Spar, England ........ 10, 25 Calcite Xtals, England .....25, 50 Quartz Xtals, Ark_....25, 50, 1.00 Malachite and Azurite,Ariz 25 Black Onyx... Crocidolite (T Lapis Lazuli Chalcedony Tinted Chalcedony ... ...... 15 Tree Chalcedony. .......... 10, 25 Red Ribbon Agate........5, 10, 25 Black Ribbon Agate... 5, 10, 25 Moss Agate 10, Wood Agate Fossil Coral ......... BloodStonmereee seas F Succinite (Amber) Baltic 25 MISCELLANEOUS. 10 big U. 8. copper cents, different dates (’30’s -50's)$1 00 V-Nickel, 7°83, without WOLd) “SCOMtS ee es eee 25 Brazilian Beetle.. 25 Nest of Painted Bunting, 35 Cone-in-Cone, N. Y...... 10, 25, 50 25 “mammoth ” 50 Dog-tooth Spar, IN Woe Chinese Coin sae 05 Tarpon Scales, 2 for........... 05| Pearl Spar, N. Ni dated 5 25 | Horn Nut, China .._....._.-. OD Iceland Spar.. ... ......$ 10} Liver Bean, Bahamas -... . 10 FOSSILS, Pryope Crystal, Dalcuu 10 | Brown banded Sea Bean.. 9d Diatomaceous Earth, rich Chiastolite Crystal. Calif. 10 | Red Sea Beans, W.1.,2for 05 in Polycystina, Barbad- “Hilectric’”? Stone, N. Y..... % | Big Tree Bark, Cal. ....... ~ 25 OS, Il Cholaraaee sch cea Bi (Clorohbubaeh, Tani eee ae ea 10, 25 | Gun Flint. Revolutionary. 25 Baculites, section, Dak... 50] Chalcedony Geode, Dak..... 35 | Resurrection Plant, Mex. 15 Crinoid Stem, Mayol oes ooo 25| Green Fluorspar, N. Y... 10, 25 | Tapa Cloth (bark) Samoa. 10 Belemnites, section, N.J.. 10] Native Lodestone, Ark... 10, 25 | Clay Police Whistle, Mex. 10 Ae ella capax, Ind.. 0 Miexsicamiy @mysxees ees. 10, 25 | Cuban Stamps, 7 var ........ 25 olyp Coral, N. Y...-..-....- 10, 2 Sheet 25 selected le stamps 25 Shark Tooth, Va .....5, 10, 15,25| GEM STONES; Cut and 6 2¢ 50 Spirifer varicosa, Ind......... 10 Polished Semi-prec- Arrowhead. Ark . wes oii) “" Owent, Ind... .... 25 ious Stones Skin of Snow Bunting ___ 40 Pentremites Godoni, Ky... LOS Sarg intachios coe $ 10 Books, Publications, etc. The Nidiologist, 20 copies, our selection, A “Want, Exchange and For Sale’’ No- Te GUD CAUCE 2) Sa ane 00 tice or Coupon good for one in the The Ornithologist and Oologist (Boston) OOO GIST A Ae een eee mn $ 95 Vol. XVI (@ 91) complete, 184p..... ........ 3 00 One inch advertisement in OOLOGIST........ 60 HOresuny, PS opular Account oa the The OOLOGIST, 1892, cloth bound, 268 p...... 1 50 Beal 24(pciul oC ne ton The OOLOGIST, a package of 20 all differ ent back numbers, my selection......... 50 ue Ree aee CeO ame OF ee 25 THE OOLOGIST, a package of 40 all differ- ert back numbers, my. selection... 00 Birds of Michigan, Cook, 168p, 100 Fig..... 1 50 Do do do, seventy 2 00 Locusts and the Horn Fly, Davis, 6p,ills, 15 The Ornitnologistand Oologist Semi-An- ee Plor pee Fe Oe ey 1 95 nual, 6 Nos. (’89 °92) 275p, 4 P.............. 1 00 y MISERIES et E EG sek Natural Science News, 25 issues, all dif- The Ancient Pit-Dwellers of Yezo, Japan, porent 50) Eutehcock, 12ps8 Bly 4g esos 25 Natural Science News, Vol. I and II, Fire-making Apparatus, Hough, 58p, (HOuimyoy Way WSO siaee ee 2 00 SE OO IKY oeeee eee ee 60 Natural Science News, 50 issues, all differ- The Genus Uncinula, Drawings and De- PAT Fara es era ape Ms etal IN tren ay 1 00 SC uOns on an American species, Be & elsey, 26p, TGs Se SEAS ee aera 5 The Nidologist, 5 copies (with colored White Line Engraving for Relief Print- plate of a set of four White-tailed o Eitodne 50 ing, Koehler, 10p.4 Pl.3 Fig........ 20 INOS) EIENS)) cic acs eal Standard Catalogue of North American The Nidiologist, 4 Nos., Vol. [, 64p, 19 Birds Bees, Mattin 70ps =e 10 Malt TOME Stave eee eee see eee alee 50 Prothonotary Warbler, Loucks. 28p _. 25 The Nidiologist Vol. II complete, 174p, 60 dare) (GIRDY Coxe’ NiMoxontehah Ssh lng) (Cu) GIN Bski- half-tones, Col. Pl. of set White-tailed mo, Mason, 6p, 21 Pl .. 60 TEC S\ 1D agers) HE eRe Lama iN re ee 2 00 Penikese, (a reminiscent sketch of ‘Agas- The Nidiologist, Vol. III, 0 siz famous summer school. 96p, PL. Sere 25 ae ‘i i0log gis : (0) a complete: 150p, Riley, Packard and Thomas 3d Report U. G oe oe so full page group of 41 _ a S. Entomological Commission with WOKS HOM OSHS Uo ee 2 00 special reference to the Rucky Moun- The Nidologist Vol. IV, complete, 112p, 26 tain Locust, Army Worm, Canker half-tones, Col. Pl. of Nest and Kegs . Worm, Hessian Fly and Scientific Re- of Western Evening Grosbeak... ........ 1 50 SUMLGS 4 50 OA Cle ee eee ees 3 00 THE OOLOGIST. 47 <‘$2.75 for $1” OOLOGIST PREMIUM LIST, Continued. Frank H. Lattin, Publisher, Albion, N. Y. BIRD, ANIMAL and FLOWER PICTURES: to decorate your study, ‘‘den,”’ office, library, school room, etc., etc. Well worth many times our price. Only 6 cents each, prepaid. List of the pictures we can furnish: productions in colors. margin for framing. BIRDS. Anhinga. American Avocet. Bluebird, Mountain Bluebird. Bobolink 3. Indigo Bunting. Lazuli Bunting. Painted Bunting. Cardinal. American Crossbill 2. Chickadee. Canvas-back. American Crow. Yellow-billed CuckooNE. Mourning Dove. Bald Eagle. American Flamingo. Flicker. Scissor-tailed Flycatcher. Vermillion Flycatcher, American Goldfinch. White-fronted Goose. Bronzed Grackle. Pied-billed Grebe 2. Evening Grosbeak. Ring-billed Gull. Marsh Hawk Ruby-crowned Kinglet. Horned Lark. Smith's Longspur. Mallard 3. Meadowlark NE. Red-breasted Merganser. Mockingbird. White-breastedNuthatch. Baltimore Oriole N. American Osprey. Great Horned Owl. Screech Owl. Gambel’s Partridge 3. Wilson’s Phalarope 2 Golden Pheasant. Ring Pheasant. Phoebe NE. Wood Pewee NE. Belted Piping Plover 3. Ring Plover. American Robin. Yellow-bellied Sapsucker White-winged Scoter. Loggerhead Shrike N, Skylark. Snowflake. Sora. English Sparrow. Allen’s Hummingbird 2 N|Song Sparrow NE. Ruby-throated ‘‘ og Arizona Jay. Slate-colored Junco. Kingbird American Golden-eye Sandhill Crane Wilson’s Snipe Pectoral Sandpiper Least Sandpiper American Golden Plover Prairie Hen Prairie Sharp-ta’dGrouse California Vulture Red-shouldered Hawk American Barn Owl Whip-poor-will Cedar Waxwing Golden-winged Warbler Nashville Warbler Bl’k-throated BlueW’rb’r Blue-winged Yellow W'b’r Myrtle Warbler Chestnut-sided Warbler “Mourning Warbler Grinnell’s Water-Thrush Western Yellow-throat Tufted Titmouse Feather changing Green to Yellow. Red Bird of Paradise. Barn Swallow NE. Chimney Swift NE, Searlet Tanager. Summer Tanager. Cock-of-the-Rock. Mandarin Duck. Black Grouse. European Kingfisher. Blue Mountain Lory. Mexican Mot Mot. Golden Oriole. Australian GrassParaket King Parrot. Japan Pheasant. Swallow-tailed Ind. Roller Red-rumped Tanager. Resplendent Trogon 2. Yellow-throated Toucan Rose Cockatoo. Nightingale. Yellow-head Parrot. Crowned Pigeon. South American Rhea. Black Swan. King Bird of Paradise. ANIMALS. Black Wolf Red Squirrel Gray Rabbit Green-winged Teal. Black Tern 2 BE. Brown Thrasher. Wood Thrush. Suitable for framing or Beautiful and correct re- Size of pictures 6x8 in. With % in. Great Blue Heron. White-faced Glossy Ibis. Arkansas Kingbird. Brunnich’s Murre. Yellow-billedTropicBird3|Old-squaw. Wild Turkey. Turnstone. Verdin N. Warbling Vireo. Yellow-throated Vireo Turkey Vulture 2. Yellow-legs. Blackburnian Warbler. Black-and-white Warbler. Cerulean Warbler. Kentucky Warbler. Prothonotary “ 2%&NE. Yellow Warbler NE. American Woodcock. California Woodpecker. Red-headed Woodpecker. House Wren N. Long-billed MarshWren 2 Baldpate. Least Bittern. A nerican Coot. Brown Creeper. Dickcissel 2 N E. Black Duck. Purple Finch. Blue-gray Gnatcatcher N Canada Goose. Dusky Grouse 2. American Sparrow Hawk American Oceolot Coyote Fox Squirrel Red Fox Mountain Sheep Raccoon Pigmy Antelope Gray Fox Gray Squirrel Peccary Bottle-nosed Dolphin Armadillo Brown and Red Bat American Otter Canadian Porcupine African Lion Flying Squirrel Skunk Chimpanzee Puma Snapping Turtle Northern Hare Ground Hog Mole Baboon Hairy-tailed Mole $2.75 for $1.00. Oven-bird. Saw-whet Owl. Short-eared Owl. Mountain Partridge. Scaled Partridge 2. Wilson’s Petrel. Silver Pheasant. Pintail 2. Snowy Plover. Lesser Prairie Hen 2. Bartramian Sandpiper. Fox Sparrow. Roseate Spoonbill. Black-necked Stilt. Red-eyed Vireo. Magnolia Warbler. Arctic Three-toed Wood- pecker. Downy Woodpecker. Ivory-billed Woodpecker. Red-bellied Woodpecker. Loon Hummingbirds (3) American Herring Gull Bonaparte’s Gull Caspian Tern Common Tern Hooded Merganser Redhead Crab-eating Opossum Geographic Turtle Duck-billed Platipus, Kangaroo Hoary Bat Swift Fox Hyrax FLOWERS &C. Apple Blossom Golden Rod Flowering Almond Cacti Lemon Nuts (8 var) Ginger Cocoanut, &c Pineapple Cloves Azalea Nutmeg English Grapes Hyacinth Coffee Cineraria 48 _ THE OOLOGIST ‘You might as well be out of the Bird World altogether as go without THE OspPREY.”’ THR OSPRERY An ILLUSTRATED MonTHLY MAGAZINE OF POPULAR ORNITHOLOGY. Edited by THEODORE GILL, in Co-operation with ROBERT RIDGWAY, L. STEJNEGER, C. W. RICHMOND and Other Eminent Ornithologists. THE Osprey does not keep a poet, but it has an office cat who can catch more birds than all the poets put together. If you don’t believe this, read THE Osprey. If you want to buy, sell or exchange specimens, advertise in THE Osprey. If you want to keep in with other Bird Men, subscribe for THE Osprey. If you want to write about Birds, you can do it in THE Osprey, provided you know how to write. If you like a beautifully printed and profusely illustrated magazine, all about Birds you MUST HAVE THE OspREY. TERMS: ONE DOLLAR A YEAR. PuBLISHED BY THE OSPREY COMPANY, 321-323 4% St., Washington, D. C. THE COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB Has published three-fourths of the most interesting descriptions of the nests and eggs of rare species of the West, which have been printed during the past six years, including the Hermit Warbler, Western Ev- ening Grosbeak, White-throated Swift, California Vulture, etc., etc. It is now publishing The Bulletin of the Cooper Ornithological Club. A crisp and breezy 16 to 24 page bi-monthly bird journal, illustrated as required. ‘The articles are all from field workers and have a ring which enthuses the live ornithologist. The only Bird Magazine devoted solely to the Ornithology of the Great West. Always out on time! You want it! Subscription $1 a year. Sample copy, 20 cents. For sample, ad- dress C. BARLOW, Editor-in-chief, Santa Clara, Cal. Subscriptions to DONALD A. COHEN, Business Manager, Alameda, Cal. Subscriptions may commence with No. 1 (January, 1899). THE OOLOGIST. A MONTHLY PUBLICATION DEVOTED TO OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. VOL. XVII. NO. 4. ALBION, N.Y., APRIL, 1900. WHOLE No. 165 Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. Brief special announcements, ‘Wants,’ ‘““Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department for 25¢ per 25 words. Notices over 25 words, charged at the rate of one-half cent per each additional word. No notice inserted for less than 25c. Terms, cash with order. Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-third list rates. What’s Your Number? Examine the number following your name On the wrapper of this month’s OoLocist. It denotes when your subscription expired or Will expire. No.165 your subscription expires with this issue Olas ob ss “ Sept. 1900 173 eé 66 3 3 D ec. oe gy a oe ‘* Feb., 1901 180 ee oe ce «f July, ‘ Intermediate numbers can easily be deter- mined. If we have you credited wrong we wish to rectify. WANTED :—Chapman’s ‘‘Handbook, Birds of Eastern North America;”’ also Langilles’ ‘‘Our Birds in Their Haunts,’’ Latest. Write lowest cael price. J. MERTON SWAIN, Woodfords, aine. WILL exchange 4x5 Photographs, places of Interest in Philadelphia, Fairmount Park, etc., for Eggs, singles or sets. Snake, Turtle Eggs, etc. aremy specialty. JOSEPH E. TYLER, 234 Church St., Philadelphia, Pa. GLASS Blow Points will connect with any blower, by mail, 40c a dozen, 2 cent stamps taken. The best thing ever used. C. M.CASH, 54 Babcock St , Sta. A., Hartford, Conn. CUBAN Fractional Currency. 5, 10, 20 and 50 cent bills. The set of four for 75 cents. Sin- gle bills at face value. Will exchange for U.S. currency or other old coins. ROY H. BULLIS, Winnebago City, Minn. BICYCLE, Ail condition; Collecting Gun, new. Want 54 oz. Canada Snow Shoes; Wood- en Clock; back vols, Awk; W. J. Holland’s But- terfly Book; Indian Relics. All Al. Stamp for particulars. GEO. W. VOSBURG, Colum- bus, Wis. WANTED;—To exchange, good Osgood port- able canvass boat, 12 feet, good condition. Will exchange for Bicycle. hammerless shot gun, good watch or any good offer. DR. C. S. PEARCE, Box 212, Blairsville, Pa. COLLECTORS:—Send for my Bargain list of first class desirable sets and singles. L. ZELLUNER, 1825 Oak St., Los Angeles, Cal. FOR SALE:—Skins of Pacific Loon, Horned Puffin, Rhinoceros, Cassin’s and Paraquet,Auk- lets, Ancient Murrelet, California and Pallas’s Murre, Western Gull, Pacific Fulmars (d. ph.), Dark-bodied and Slender-billed Shearwater, Faralone and Violet-green Cormorant. WM. J. HACKMEIER, 14 Rondel Place, off 16th, San Francisco, Cal. EGGS :—Not strictly first class. Have sever al sets, common and rare; some have large holes, others with one or more eggs in set slightly chipped, all with full data. Will give big value in exchange for anything in the curio line. Send for descriptive list. Have many itee class singles. H. A. SHAW, Grand Forks, WANTED :—Copies of the Auk, 1884-90 and of the Biblical Monthly Magazine (edited by Prof. Harper, Chicago) 1890-1899, for which I will give foreign and U. S. postage stamps in return. For every four copies of the Auk $2.00 worth of stamps (Scott’s 59th Catalogue prices)and a sim- ilar amount for every 12 copies of Biblical Monthly. I have thousands of duplicates used and uuused in nice condition, which I will sell at 70 per cent. discount from Scott’s prices. REV. A. T. GESNER, Grand Forks, N. D. FOR SALE:—Tree Shells of Cuba, Helix mus- carum and Orthalicus fasciatus. Willsell or ex- change butterflies mounted or in papers, for eggs in sets or shells. WM. N. SOUTHER, Groton, Mass. A FINE 32 Calibre 6inch. barrel, C. F. Re- volver. cost $10; for sale at $8. Makes a good collecting gun. Natural History Books to ex- change for same. H. EK. NEUMANN, 204 Rock St., Watertown, Wis. FOUR PACKETS Flower Seeds for Arrow- head, or foreigncoin. Also relics, coins, to ex- change. My exchange list sent for yours. FRANZ TRIPP, Garden Prairie, Ill. COLLECTORS :—I have sets to trade at less than catalogue valuation. Sea Shells to ex- change for Camera, Telescope or Field Glass. W rite for lists. RALPH W. CLAYTON, Box 454, Galesburg, Ills. WANTED:—Eggs in sets with nests of all Warblers, Waders, Vireos and Thrushes. Send list of what you have and cash or ex- change price. Send 10c for large illustrated catalog. CHAS.K.REED, 75 Thomas St., Wor- cester, Mass. 50 THE OOLOGIST. FOR EXCHANGE:—Jasper Mound Relics, Fossils, War Relics, Old Notes, old time Slave Papers. Wish Copper Cents, Polished Agate, large, also American and Spanish War Relics wanted. H. J. SWENTZEL, 835 W. 6th Street, Wilmington, Del. FOR SALE or Exchange:—Over 1600 cigar- ette pictures, representing parts of 32 different collections. What have you to offer? HENRY M. HALDEMAN, Avoca, Iowa. WANTED:—Reliable Young Man, good tax- idermist, totake charge of a small museum. Permanent employment. J. L. CHILDS, Floral Park, N. Y. SKINS of California birds to exchange for Shore Larks and Song Sparrows. - Also want to exchange Reptiles and Batrachians. J. O. SNYDER, Stanford University, Calif. INDIAN Relics, bird eggs, minerals, old books, ete. Address, ASHLAND LIBRARY MUSEUM, Ashland, Ohio. WANTED :—April, 1899 Recreation for cash or exchange in sets at 4 Taylor’s Catalogue or skins at % Webster’s Catalogue. Sets and skins for exchange. DONALD A. COHEN, Alameda. Cai. BENDIRE’S Life Histories, 1 and 2, bound, half morocco, to exchange for collecting gun. Steven’s, or 20 gauge preferred. J. O. SNY- DER, Stanford University, Cal. I WILL exchange first class bird and mam- mal skins for suchas I cannot get here or. will furnish in meat or formalin. Cc. F. FITH, Denver, Ind. FOR EXCHANGE:—New Steregraphiscope, brass mounted, for single and double views, re- versable lenses (very strong); also American and Foreign Scenery retouched photographs for strictly first class sets. Write me. GHO. W. MORSE, Box 2380, Ashley, Ind. ONE Thousand Birds’ Eggs, sets and singles, many rare, one thirty-eight calibre collecting gun and one six-drawer egg cabinet, for sale or exchange. Want Camera or Bicycle. List for stamp. Allletters answered. G. A. MOORE, 552 East 45th St., Chicago, Ill. My notice in the November OOLOGIST adver- tising climbing irons brought a great many orders from all over the country. I regard the OoLoGIST as the best advertising medium when one desires to reach the Naturalists of America. Chas. McGee, Leavenworth, Kas. WANTED—To correspond with all interested in NEW YORK STATE Ornithology. DR. MAR- CUS S. FARR, State Museum, Albany.N. Y. 164 TO EXCHANGE:—Odd numbers of Auk, Nutt. Orn. Bull., O. and O., OOLOGIST, and a score of other papers and periodicals, catalog- ues and books on fishes, reptiles, birds, &c. Younger members of my family are interested in philately and I will exchange these books, &e. for stamps. Write for particulars and state what you have, enclosing stamp for reply, MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, ich. FOR SALE:—Clutches of European species, White Gryfalcon, Gryfalcon, Merlin, Green Sandpiper, Greenshank, Golden Eagle, Gray Sea Hagle, Kestrel, Sparrow Hawk, Honey Buzzard, Peregrine Falcon. Hobby Egyptian Vulture. Apply. GORTON, 2 Upper Glouces- ter St., Pendleton, England. 171 SIX 10 and 25c paper covered novels, and Standard works, 80 to 200 pages each, prepaid, 35c cash, or $2. worth eggs at list. BENJAMIN, HOAG, Stephentown, New York. HEAR YE! Hear Ye! Hear Ye! This is to certify that my advertisements in the OOLO- GIST have paid me better than have the com- bined ads. in most of the amateur and natural science papers. Ads. in the OOLOGIST always bring returns, and it is safe to say that there is no paper having three times the circulation of this widespread periodical which can give equal satisfaction. MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich. WANTED :—Skeletons and Skulls, all kinds, in rough and mounted, Bird and Mammal Skins, Reptiles and Batrachians in alcohol or formalin. Desire correspondents in all parts of United States, Mexico ‘and Canada. Back numbers of papers on Natural History and sci- entific books wanted. Offerin exchange fifty species finely prepared invertebrates in forma- lin, eastern bird skins, ete. Correspondence solicited. F. P. DROWNE, 20 Benefit St,, Providence, R. I. ; CHOICE SETS of White Pelican, Laughing Guill, Willet, Wilson’s Plover, Foster’s Tern, Clapper Rail Black Skimmer, Green Heron and many others for sale very cheap. M. T. CLECK LEY, 457 Greene St., Augusta, Ga. 164 TO EXCHANGE:—Will ex. my process of Rapid Taxidermy complete. Full instructions for preserving birds, mammals, fish’s heads, deer heads, &c., &c., with one pound of com- pound, prepared and ready for use, and com- plete directions for dressing skins and pelts with the hair on for rugs, robes and hangings, together with instructions as to starting a class. Will ex. for $3 worth of stamps of an average value of 2c. Youto pay the express— age on my package, which will be 20 or 30c. This is the process which I have been selling for $3 cash, but will sell it to you for $1 cash. Remember that I also send the formula for making the compound, and give every detail connected with this, the most popular style of mounting specimens. Address MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich. 50 YEARS’ EXPERIENCE TrRapE MARKS DESIGNS y CopPyYRIGHTS &c. Anyone sending a sketch and description may quickly ascertain our opinion free whether an invention is probably patentable. Communica- tions strictly confidential. Handbook on Patents sent free. Oldest agency for securing patents. Patents taken through Munn & Co. receive special notice, without charge, in the Scientific Americait, A handsomely illustrated weekly. Largest cir- culation of any scientific journal. Terms, $3 a year; four months, $1. Sold by all newsdealers. MUNN & Co,3618roadway, New York Branch Office, 625 F St.. Washington, D. C. ‘ THE OOLOGIST. For Sale. A 1 sets, cream and pick of hundreds of sets of Eagles, Vutures, Hawks and Falcons; both American and European. Also SEA Birps, WADERS, OwlLs, ETC. Positively original data. Send for my list. Terms cash (absolutely). Order early if you desire first choice. Address, C. M. CARY, 410 Grant Ave., Plainfield, N. J. Mounted Birds. PATIVOTI CATE LO Wa scities io toiclel co einieiatciche Maeaae ais $ 1 00 American Herring Gull...... ............. EDT OTD VATA A es eve scala tesnrsl pe lanateve arane obs teas SERCSCIMNO ese ic atartd ok Bil itiel est elaiolets 6 $ 1 25 GreatveornedtOwile wy. ss sesteeicicle noe sieisieroe POWWVA OW lesions isleieis scaisiece sivcmaabivs cisicla © : WENO So) BA 5 AG Babe cis EeiEsoG ASCE OBOE Raa oer sass IBlweswinsedyMeal s-\.- 1 alter- ation. We say that never is there any- thing superfluous in nature,—that ev- erything has some office, even though it may be but for ornament. But how about four toes for a Woodpecker? Nearly all Woodpeckers have them and yet here is a species with but three, and in all his journeys up and- down the tree-trunks, he is just as nimble, spry and agile as the others. Certainly here is something superfluous in nature at least. Perhaps itis the exception that proves the rule. The Arctic Three-toed Woodpecker is eight to nine inches long; wing 43 to 5; tail 84 to 4. Back, uniform black; sides of head, striped; sides of body, barred with black and white; under parts, otherwise white; quills with white spots, paired; tail feathers un- barred, the outer white, the central black. In the male the crown has a square patch of yellow about the size of a ten cent piece. In the female, this spot is wanting, the head being a glossy black uniformly with the rest of the upper parts. Its habitat is Northern North Amer- ica, from the Arctic Regions south to the southern border of Canada. The food of these northern Woodpeckers is of a nature calculated to render them the most beneficial, economically con- sidered, of all the Woodpeckers. The few stomachs examined by the U.S. Department of Agriculture showed 83 per cent. of their food to be of animal matter, while only 17 per cent, was vegetable. Of the 83 per cent. of ani- mal matter, 68 per cent. consisted of wood-boring beetles; 11 per cent. of Lepidopterous larve (caterpillars), probably also wood-borers; and 9 per cent. of adult beetles, ants and other Hymenopterous insects. Thus does this energetic btrd with but three toes do much towards the preservation of the stately pines in the Northland where he dwells. So far as I know there are no records for the occurrence of this northern Woodpecker in Western New York ex- cepting the two instances here related by myself. The first of these instances is ofa male specimen taken about October 15, 1882, on the bank of Oak Orchard Creek near Two Bridges (Carlton) by Mr. Andrew Jewett of Albion. It was ham- mering and feeding in the dead top of a pine tree. If visits are to be expected from this northern bird, we should cer- tainly look for them in the midst of the cold of the winter, and so it is some- what remarkable that this bird should have been taken here so early In the fall. But there is no chance for any mis-identification in this case, even though this specimen has now been lost trace of, for the yellow crown-patch and the three toes, and the uniformly black back, are features which even the un-technical observer would use in di- agnosis, and of these three features Mr. Jewett has a vivid recollection. The second specimen referred to was. only recently taken and is now in my collection thiough the kindness of M2. F. A. Macomber of Murray,this county, who secured it near that place on the 23d of February last. It was on the banks of Sandy Creek near what is. called Arnold’s Pond. When first ob- served it was in a hemlock, but soom flew out and alighted upon a beech near its base. Mr. Macomber, recog- nizing it as something out of the or- dinary, at once shot it, and mailed the skin to me, same now being in my col- lection. It is a female, the crown- 58 THE OOLOGIST. patch, of course, wanting; the entire upper parts being uniformly black from the bill. The specimen exhibits the following measurement: Length, 9.25: wing, 5; tail, 3; bill, 1.12; tarsus, about .75. It was on February 28d this bird was tak- en. In the days immediately following a sudden cold snap with snow and zero weather followed. Evidently this bird moved southward just in advance of the cold wave. And so it is that our little county of Orleans claims record for the only two occurrences, so far as known, of this rare Woodpecker in Western New York. If there are other occurrences, I have been unable by perusing all the ornithological publications of the coun- try for several years back, to find any record of them. When shall we begin to say that there is nothing left to learn about birds, or that the chances are small for securing anything rare any more; or that winter has no advantages? Indeed the winter offers great opportunities to the stu- dent of birds. Only last week (March 8th) when the landscape was every- where covered with a thick mantle of white a company sf six White-winged Crossbills (Loxia leucoptera) visited the pine trees in the door yard next adjoin- ing my own, feeding upon the cones. Males they were in bright plumage, and very interesting because very rare. Such occurrences as these make the enthusiastic bird-lover to exclaim in the words of the poet: “Winter! I love thee: All unlovely as thou seem’st And dreaded as thou art.” The Nesting of the Ruffed Grouse Within City Limits. Inthe early spring of ’98it was my good fortune to discover a nest of the Ruffed Grouse. On May 8th. I was walking through a small patch of woods ‘looking for crows’ nests. I happened to look under a small pine tree by the side of the path and much to my sur- prise Isaw a female Ruffed Grouse sit- ting there. Her plumage blended so perfectly with the dead leaves that it was purely by chance that I noticed her. She evidently thought her disguise was perfect as she did not move a feather. I stood looking at her for fully three minutes until my curiosity got the bet- ter of me. Kneeling down beside her I gently touched her tail feathers and off she went like a shot. I was interes- ted to note that as she did so she brush- ed some dead leaves over the eggs with her wings and feet. So successfully was this done that the eggs were almost wholly covered. Carefully picking the leaves off I was delighted to find a set of eleven eggs. These afterwards prov- ed to be very slightly incubated. After the female had been flushed from the nest, I did not again catch a glimpse of her. The eggs were laid in aslight hol- low in the ground lined with dead . leaves and afew feathers. It was inter- esting to note that this nest was within 50 yards ofa road ana within a few yards ofthe boundary line marking the limits of the city of Boston. ABBOT PETERSON, Jamaica Plain, Boston. Least Bitterns Observed in Pennsyl- vania. While camping on Ten Mile Creek near Hackeny’s Station, Washington Co., Pa., with two friends, I found the Least Bittern in small numbers. On July 5, 1899 we were at the creek, I was for turtles. The other two had gone up a smaller stream. I heard them shoot- ing and when they had returned they presented me a mangled Least Bittern. One shot from a 32 20 Marlin rifle did the work. They had flushed it from the bank of the stream (in which the water was but a few inches deep) and it had flown about fifty yards and lit on a THE OOLOGIST. 59 fence post, then they shot it with a rifle (the shotgun being at camp.) The same day I saw another flying through the air about fifty feet high. While we were there we sawseveralmore. I knewthe bird at sight for I have found them breeding in Northwestern Missouri. I have a set in my collection which I col- lected in Atchinson Co. Mo., June 27, 1898. In Warren’s ‘‘Birds of Pennsy]l- vania;” he says: ‘‘The Least Bittern I have found in this State only asarather rare visitor during the spring and fall migrations. This species is sometimes, though rarely, observed in Pennsylvan- ia during the breeding season.” It is said to breed occassionally in Crawford and Erie counties. It is my opinion that they breed here. J intend to Visit this locality the coming season and will try and find out if it breeds here. E. R. Forrest, Washington, Pa. An Karly Sora. We have had in Buffalo and vicinity a very heavy snow fall, during last week and Mar:h 5th, a very heavy wind blew from southerly direction. A young man living in one of our residence streets, going into the yard, saw a queer look- ing bird struggling in the snow bank. He experienced no trouble in catching it and bringing it into the house. The next day he brought it to me for identi- fication. To my surprise it proved to be a Sora or Carolina Rail, which usual- ly make their appearance from the south in this vicinity in the middle of April. As these swamp birds travel very slow during their migration and never fly very high, the birds must have been thrown out of their course by the pre- vailing gale. It died the same evening and by disecting it I found it to be a mere akeleton, with no food of any kind in the body. Kd. Reinecke, Buffalo, N. Y. Our Audubon Class. Our “Bird Class” called the ‘‘Alpha,’’ began its existence in the spring of 1899 and with a membership of about a score. At the present date we have twice that number while the member- ship is still growing. It is composed of about an equal number of boys and girls and it must be said that the girls are the most enthusiastic workers both in the field and at the meetings. The boys are equally anxious to get in the woods onatrip but they seem to lack in a large part the love for actual study, and prefer ball and boating to actual observation. Perhaps you may wish to hear of our society from my point of view and of the work that we are doing and expect to accomplish the coming season. Our chief patrons are Mr. and Mrs. C. G. Kleinstuck who live at about a mile and a half from the city, and whose residence we reach by the elec- tric cars running by their commodious house and grounds. This kind couple takes special delight in advancing the cause of the birds and gives time and influence in the furtherance of this worthy project which is to promote the welfare of the bird world, as well as to cause a love for the study among the members of the town and country. One of the chief attractions in the grounds at ‘“‘Saxonia” is a large log cabin, built in the Adirondac style, and of huge size. There is an immense fire-place at one end which is capable of taking in great logs and adds one of uhe many charms to the pleasing interi- or. The walls are decorated with ancient arms, and the discarded blunderbuss and pepperbox as well as the modern mauser and Cuban machete are arranged with other curiosities up- on the well matched logs or capacious mantle. Many fur rugsare on the pol- ished floor, giving an incongruous but not unpleasant appearance to the cabin 60 THE OOLOGIST. of the wilds built in civilized quarters, and when decoratiye art joins hands with the wilder aspects of the primitive methods of the settlers we are royally entertained in this artistic cabin but our meeting are mainly held weekly in the city, and usually on Thursday afternoon and directly after school hours. At one meeting we had a contest as to who could name the most species of birds from the pictures. At other meet- ings we have had bird skins to examine and at all of our meets we have origin- al papers while the older members speak to us on various topics connected with bird life. During the season we have made several trips into the coun- try aS a party, while many small par- ties or pairs of students made many trips in various directions in search of bird-notes. In the season of ’99 we re- corded (76) species of birds in this neighborhood, but of course this list does not include many of the water and shore birds, which are rather difficult to observe, at least by the majority of our class. The smaller summer resi- dents were carefully noted and nearly all of the students were able to name a bird on sight, while many could tel! a species by flight, and again, some could name a songster from its notes in near- ly every case. Our bird class has been a great pleas- ure and we shall continue our investi- gations the coming season, with the prospect of increasing our knowledge and our membership as well. The suggestion is made that all bird- lovers take up the work of bird protec- tion in their neighborhood and form societies for the study of our feathered friends. In addition to the economic value to be gained by protecting the beautiful and useful birds of our land, we shall also have the pleasure of familiarizing ourselves with the songs and habits of our little summer neigh- bors. We can watch their ways with- out destroying them, and all readers must know that our birds need protec- tion, for they are too often needlessly destroyed. I ama believer in collect- ing specimens, but there are limits, and it is hoped every boy and girl will deal fairly with the graceful pleasing birds of the fields and woodlands. Do not let greed make you forgetful of the rights of these ‘‘favorites of creation” as they have been so beautifully called. It is far from necessary to shoot so many birds and gather so many eggs in order to make an impression on a nat- uralist. Your actual worth as an ob- server will be far more appreciated if you study their habits and take notes in your field book. A well filled note book is far more entertaining than a collection of eggs and skins of which the gatherer knows next to nothing. Now do not think that I am trying to diminish the true worth of the legiti- mate collector. On the contrary I am in favor of collecting but there are lim- its, and I am speaking in favor of the birds. Be reasonable fellow collectors and make it a point to spend more time with your note book and less with your skinning knives and blow pipes. KATHRYNE GIBBS, Kalamazoo, Mich. A Tame Shrike. About the 1st. of February while out walking I noticed a Loggerhead Shrike, (Lanius ludovicianus) sitting on a tree in the yard. I said ‘‘Halloo Butchie’’ und great was my surprise to see it hop around and look at me, then I knew it wasthe same old bird I used to feed from my hands. I hunted around and collected nine crickets, eight of which he took from my hand. I think it is very strange thathe should remember this for he had not been fed before for eight or ten months. This bird had evi- dently heard that the ‘‘early bird catches the worm” for he was seen several times with nest material in his bill, Feb- ruary 10th. ‘This bird had never: been tamed. DONALD B. OHLINGER, Winter Haven, Fla. THE OOLOGIST. 61 An Easter Offer. To any person who will send me $1.00 in acceptance of the $2.75 for $1.00 offer which I make in March Oo ocisr, and will enclose 10 cents additional to help cover mailing expenses, I will send grates and prepaid, $2.00 Worth More of the Premiums Offered, purchaser’s selection. Thus for only $1.10, you will receive frepaid, THE OoLoGiIsT one year, one Exchange Coupon, and Premiums to the amount of $4.00, All for $1.10. In case you have already sent in your subscription for 1900, you can have THE Ootocist mailed to some nature-loving friend and the Premiums to yourself, or vice versa. your selection, This Offer will hold good during the month of April only—no later —and is made, first, to increase THE Oo.Locist subscription list; second, to reduce a very large stock of the Premiums offered; and third and last (but not least) to get your money—for which I offer you more than double value. Address plainly and in full FRANK H. LATTIN, Publisher of Oologist, ALBION, N. Y. 62 THE OOLOGIST. Gibb’s Celebrated Process of Rapid Taxidermy. In Practical Use for Over Twenty-five Years. Used everywhere in America. Hundreds of Testimonials. Try and be convinced. Start a class. Money in it. BE YOUR OWN TAXIDERMIST. Naturalists, Collectors, Gunners, Anglers, Outers, Boys, Girls and all others interested in nature and anxious to preserve the specimens taken in the wood and field, have all felt the need of a simple method of pres- ervation, which is free from intricacies and inexpensive. There is a method of rapid taxidermy now in extensive use which meets the requirements of all amateurs who wish a practicable yet sim- ple and inexpensive method of preserving the trophies of the outing and collecting trip. This is not the old system of so-called stuffing, so ex- pensive, laborious and disapointing, but is a rapid system, which any- one can learn at once and which is guaranteed to give satisfaction. By this process you may preserve the beautiful plumage of the grouse and woodcock, or the pike’s or buck’s head, or the showy feathers of the tanager. Boys, girls and all others can do good work and may make money, as mounted heads and birds find a ready sale, and besides you may teach your friends and decorate the schoolroom, office and dining- room with native birds and other attractions. If you are in doubt, then get your friends to go in with you and start a class, for when several work together there is an advantage, and the expense is next to nothing. On receipt of $1.00, cash or stamps, I will send full printed instruc- tions for mounting birds, heads, mammals, etc., and all materials for mounting and preserving specimens—including prepared compound, to- gether with full directions for dressing skins with the hair on- for rugs and robes, so that you will not be to the expense of one cent and will send full directions how to start a class. Remember I guarantee satisfaction or money refunded. Mention OoLocistT and address MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., KALAMAZOO, MICH. For a limited time I will send my process complete, including the compound, on the receipt of $3.00 worth of postage stamps, averaging 2c in value. This offer holds good until May 1, 1900. THE OOLOGIST. 63 THE COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB Has published three-fourths of the most interesting descriptions of the nests and eggs of rare species of the West, which have been printed during the past six years, including the Hermit Warbler, Western Ev- ening Grosbeak, White-throated Swift, California Vulture, etc., etc. It is now publishing The Bulletin of the Cooper Ornithological Club. A crisp and breezy 16 to 24 page bi-monthly bird journal, illustrated as required. The articles are all from field workers and have a ring which enthuses the live ornithologist. The only Bird Magazine devoted solely to the Ornithology of the Great West. Always out on time! You want it! Subscription $1 a year. Sample copy, 20 cents. For sample, ad- dress C. BARLOW, Editor-in-chief, Santa Clara, Cal. Subscriptions to DONALD A. COHEN, Business Manager, Alameda, Cal. Subscriptions may commence with No. 1 (January, 1899). ‘You might as well be out of the Bird World altogether as go without THE OSPREY.” aiaE, OSPRAW An ILLUSTRATED MONTHLY MAGAZINE OF POPULAR ORNITHOLOGY. Edited by THEODORE GILL, in Co-operation with ROBERT RIDGWAY, L. STEJNEGER, C. W. RICHMOND and Other Eminent Ornithologists. THE Osprey does not keep a poet, but it has an office cat who can catch more birds than all the poets put together. If you don’t believe this, read THE Osprey. If you want to buy, sell or exchange specimens, advertise in THE Osprey. If you want to keep in with other Bird Men, subscribe for THE Osprey. If you want to write about Birds, you can do it in THr Osprey, provided you know how to write. If you likea beautifully printed and profusely illustrated magazine, all about Birds you MUST HAVE THE OSPREY. TERMS: ONE DOLLAR A YEAR. PUBLISHED BY THE OSPREY COMPANY, 321-323 4% St., Washington, D. C. 64 THE OOLOGIST BARGAINS IN BOOKS FOR THE NATURALIST. I have them by the thousand and offer below many very rare and desirable titles at prices way below actual value. Of most I have only single sets or copies. All are new or good as new unless otherwise stated. Prices are by mail, express or freight at purchaser’s expense—will ship cheapest way. Money returned at my expense if books wanted are sold. Prices good un- til May 1, 1900 only. After that date, write first. Remit in most convenient way. Address plainly and in fu FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, ORLEANS CO.,N.Y. Allen, A Monograph of the Bats of North PATHOL CA al O81 Ras [lees ere ere eee Bendire, Life Histories of North Ameri- can Birds. Rare and almost unobtain- able. Only afew vols. on the market atany price. Vol. I, $9; vol. II, «750, OTnibothsviols ise esse Ce rae ee Brown, Atlas of Fossil Conchology with descriptions and illustrations. 98 full page tinted steel plates containing 3500 figures. Royal 4to. London, 1889. ($20100) snows ee es See Chamberlain, Land, Game and Water Birds (Nuttall), 900p, with plates and many illustrations, 2 vols bound in 1. Chapman, Frank M., A Handbook of the Birds of Eastern North America......... Cope, :The Batrachia of North America, PADI Oy tekoy Ole Uae ees. Cope, Vertebrata of Tertiary Formations, 460% 104310 eal 34 p lease OU ALS Coues, Field and General Ornithology—A Manual of the Structure and Classifi- cation of Birds with Instructions for Collecting and Preserving Specimens, DA Yel Horie i ek a ae nad ea a | Aa Dana, Manual of SAO Ist ed., 800p; over 1000figs ($5), 1.45; 2d ed.,.........-..... Davie, Methods in the Art of Taxidermy, ($10), now out of print and publishers supply exhausted, will soon be very TG UT Oe epee Ga R Se N e Goeh Ue Donaldson, The George Catlin Indian Gal- lery with Memoir and Statistics, 940p, 144 pliandsmmaps| (3:50) 2. Goss, Col. N. S., History of the Birds of Kansas (7.50),.hew and lasted.............. Headley, Structure and Life of Birds, ALO DS viBhle es 1 SO5 siamese ae een Tea Ea Ingersoll, H., Birds’ Nesting (1.25)...... ...... JARDINE’S (Sir William) NATURALISTS Library. Post 8vo. Hach volume con- tains 200 to 350p and about 30 plates engraved on steel and colored from nature, also many wood cuts, original set cost $50. Have just received a broken set in poor condition, loose in covers &c. Text and plates, ‘however, in clean and fair condition. Edin- burgh, 1835-1840. I have: Ichthyology (Fish), 4 vols., lot only. ..... Ornithology (Bir ds), 14 vols., lot only... Jones, Cassell’S Book of Bir at four eile, 1250p, 400 large ills., 40 col. pl., 89 col. CORO S Nigiees eee fs ia de eee eee aes Jordon and Gilbert, synopsis of the Fishes of North America, 1018p Kingsley,Popular Natural History, A Des- cription of Animal Life from theLow est Forms Up to Man, 2 vols, 728p, 507 ills,, many pl., Boston 290) sare paiitane Kirby (‘‘Lloyd’s Natural History’’) Moth and Butterflies, 5 vols., each containing about 300p text, “158pl., beautifully and accurately illustrat: ing over 500 species true to nature,1897 16 00 8 00 4 5 2 35 2 35 3 20 2 25 1 90 1 20 6 30 7 20 6 80 Lesquereaux, Cretaceous and Tertiiary Elorass4to;295pp) 60ple = Lydekker, (‘‘Lioyds”) Mammals: Mam- mals of Great Britain, Marsupials, Carnivora, 3 vols., 300p. ea., 100 col. pl. Maynard, The Butterflies of New Eng- land, 4to, 76p, 10 hand col. pl. showing 250 life size Specimens, rare, valuable, Out Of print hee 7 ee ete Morris, Nest and Eggs of British Birds, 2vol., 154 colored plates, 1859_..... ..._.... Mcllwrath, Thomas, Birds of Ontario ($2) Nature, Vol. XX XI to XXXIV, unbound, GOSH BID: eo ok Ss re Ogilvie-Grant, (‘Lloyds’), A MHand- Book to the Game Birds, 2;vols.of 300p Cas, 43 COL pL 29 eee ek ae eee eee ee Ornithological and Natural History Pub- cations, can furnish back No’s of al- most anything published in America durlng the past 25 years. Write wants Pennsylvania State 2d Geological Sur- vey, 38 vols. cloth, many plates, aneDs, figs., &c., thousands of nages, $35... Ridgway, Ornithology of Tlinois, vol. ie BPAU) 0} BH OV bay Mckee a ee a Scudder, Nomenelator Zoologicus (An Alphabetical list of all Generic names employed by Naturalists for Recent and Fossil Animals from earliest CIMIES LOMIS 80) 7/116 yo we nese ree eee Scudder, Tertiary Insects of North Amer- OK FeO) Cie Oy Pte) ON ase ads Sharpe, (‘‘Lloyd’s’’), A Hand-Book tothe Birds of Great Britian, 4 vols. of 3800p Gach 124 col platesyn 0 (pees eee Shufeldt, M. D., R. W., Scientific Taxid- ermy for Museums, 71 full page plates GSD ALCS COG ee saeco e Smithsonian Reports, 43 vols. from 1853 UO): eH aya VON ISHS ee Stegneger, Poisonous Snakes of North America, 144p, 19pl, 70fig........._............ Studer’s Birds of North America. 200p, 1 col. pl., imp. 4to; full Morrocco, (B45) os re UN EDN EAS URC Cee a os Vennor, Our Birds of Prey, or the Eagles, Hawks and Owls of Canada, 30 large photograph plates, ($12.00) Whitlock, The Migration of Bigs 140p Wilson, Study of Prehistoric Anthropol- ogy, Hand Book for Beginners, 76p, 20 pls 287 ee SE Wea Ses Haan ee nae ies Wilson, Prehistoric Art. valuable to stud- ents S40 pi /A pli o25 io eee nee eee Wood, Animate Creation. Revised and adopted to American Zoology by Hold- er, 60 parts, complete, 30 page ole- ographs, 60 plates and profusely illus- trated, ($15) Ridgway, Hummingbirds, 132p, 46pl, 47fig FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. weSBece a discounts on large orders. 2 10 3 15 5 20 2 90 2 10 1 90 6 00 1 90 THE OOLOcIST. A MONTHLY PUBLICATION DEVOTED TO OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. VOL. XVII. NO. 5. ALBION, N.Y., MAY, 1900. WHOLE No. 166 Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department for 25c per 25 words. Notices over 25 words, charged at the rate of one-half cent per each additiona} word. No notice inserted for less than 25c. Terms, cash with order. Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-third list rates. What’s Your Number? Examine the number following your name On the wrapper of this month’s OOLOGIST. It denotes when your subscription expired or will expire. No.166 your subscription expires with this issue 170 te oe we “ Sept. 1900 173 sé oe oe a3 Dec. ce ge y fs ae ‘* Feb., 1901 180 ee 6s 66 af July, be Intermediate numbers can easily be deter- mined. If we have you credited wrong we wish to rectify. WANTED:—Eggs in sets with nests of all Warblers, Waders, Vireos and Thrushes. Send list of what you have and cash or ex- change price. Send 10c for large illustrated catalog. CHAS.K.REED, 75 Thomas St., Wor- cester, Mass. FOR EXCHANGE:—Indian Relics, birds’ eges, minerals, old books, etc. for Mounted Birds. Address, ASHLAND LIBRARY MUS- EUM, Ashland, Ohio. FOR SALE.—Al]1 kinds of house plants and bulbs. Will exchange for shells not in my col- lection. Write Mrs. A. B. CRAWFORD, La- porte, Ind. 25 fine curiosities, 18c; 10 old coins, 25c; 100 sea shells, 20c; 10 relics, 25c; 25 sea shells. 5 rare old stamps, 1 relic, 3 curios and price list all for 10c. WM. P. ARNOLD, Peacedale, R. I. TAXIDERMIS?T’S OUTEFIT:—Contains one heavy Cartilage Knife; 1 nickeled and engray- ed Sealpel with tip Shaped for detaching skin, muscles, &c; 1 pair Scissors; 1 pair Forceps; 1 Dissecting Hook;1 Brain Spoon; 1 pocket Wire Cutter. Instruments best, all packed in polished Hard-wood Case. A better outfit than the one always sold at $3. I have only four outfits and will close them out at only $2.20 prepaid. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. BARGAINS:—Two fine pairs of White Fantails, $3.00 per pair; one pair Golden Seabright Bantams, $2.00; one mounted Coop- er’s Hawk, $1.50; one Snowy Owl, $5.00; one American Bull Dog Revolver, double action, 32 cal.,rim fire, price $1.50. SON, Southington, Conn. JAS. O. JOHN-- THE BITTERN, a new bi-monthly illustrat- ed bird magazine. will be published on June 1st with Glen M. Hathorn as editor. Subscrip- tion price is 50 cents per year. Sample copies ten cents each. Write to the editor at 1600 EK. Ave., Cedar Rapids, Ia. for sample copy, in- closing ten cents with request. HGGS.—Pacific Loon, $2.00; Red-throated Loon, 75c; Yellow-breasted Sapsucker, 50c; 3 American Bitterns, $1.50; Hairy Woodpecker, 50; total $5.25. All for $3. cash. Address, A. R. WHITTEMORE, 133 Bloor St. E., Toronto, Canada. FOR EXCHANGE.—5x8 Scoville camera. complete cost me $25, for best offer in sets, Shells or minerals; also offer beautifully color- ed butterflies mounted in Denton’s tablets, very fine, for any of above or Davie’s Taxider- my or Smith’s List of Butterflies of North America. Have tree shells of Cuba for sale. WM. N. SOUTHER, Groton, Mass. TAXIDERMIST’S COLLECTING GUN. Made to order. Cost me $12.50 and expressage as a dealer. Can be readily taken apart in center and carried ‘‘out of sight.’’ Takes reg- ulation 45-70 shell. Gun with complete outfit (50 brass shells, 250 primers, 1000 wads, de and re-capper.) All prepaid only $10.50. FRANK, H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. FOR SALE.—Red-shouldered Hawk 1-3, 50c; Common Tern 2-3, 14c; Roseate Tern 1-3, 20c: Stormy Petrel 1-1, 7c; Gannet 2-1, 14¢c; Green Heron 2-4, 24c; Little Blue Heron 1-4, 30c: Louisiana Heron 1-4 30c; Black-chinned Hum- mingbird n-2, 75c; Anna’S Hummingbird, n-2, Yee: Wood Thrush 4-4, 12; Spotted. Sandpiper 1-4, 24. The above prices are per set. All pre- paid at price. JAS. O. JOHNSON, Southing- ton, Conn. WANTED.—Old China. Pewter, Brass and Glassware, Indian and other relics, Furniture, Tinder-boxes, Sun-dials, Pictures, Fire Arms, Weapons, &c. Have for sale or exchange fine old Violin case, foot power for lathe or saw With four speed balance wheel, Indian Relics, Petrified Moss and Wood specimens, Shells, Curiosities, Relics and Souvenirs from histor- ical places. Correspondence solicited. All kinds of relics sold on commission. W. A. HATCH, South Columbia, N. Y. 66 THE OOLOGIST. PLATE HOLDER—Double, Camera Co., ($1.00), prepaid 44c. LATTIN, Albion N. Y. C. B. VANDERCOOK, Odin. ills. pays 50c per hundred cash for Star, Horse Shoe, Cross Bow, Good Luck, Drummond’s Natural Leaf J. T. tobacco tags. Those painted on under side. Offer expires November Ist. 167 EGGS for Sale. A.O.U. Nos. Sets of 7 1-2, $1.50; 11 1-2, 75c; 64 1-3, 40c; 65 1-3, 40c; 79 1-1, 18¢c; 86 2-1, 20c; 104 1-1, 20c; 105 1-1, $1.; 106 2-1, 5c; 114 1-2, $1.75; 115 1-2, $1.50; 190 1-4, 81.3 224 14, $1; 228 1-3, $1.50; 294 1-20, $1.; 325 1-2. 60c; 333 3-4, 25c; 337 2-2, 40c; 337b 5-2, 40c; 3421-3, 50c; 375a 1-3, $1.15; 375a 1-2, 75c; 394a 1-6. $1.; 397 2-3, 1-4, 1-5, 38c per egg. All sets with data. first class and prepaid. CHAS. S- THOMPSON, Paso Robles, California. GLASS EYES.—Lot No.1 contains one pair each Nos. 8 and 15 yellow, No. 9 hazel, No. 18 brown (worth 44¢c), all prepaid 24c. Lot No. 2 contains one pair each No. 19 brown style two (veined) for Bear and Nos. 23 and 24 style four (veined, long pupil and cornered) for Deer (lot worth $1.21). All prepaid, only 76cts. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. . NOTICE.—Owing to lack of speclmens and rush of other business I shall be unable to make more exchanges until fall.GUY BRIGGS, Livermore. Maine. 544x504, Blair FRANK H. I HAVE a good many back numbers of mag- azines (Some complete files), such as Osprey, Museum, OoLoGIST, Nidologist, Popular Science, Oregon Naturalist, etc. Will exchange for books or any good curios. Send for list if interested. W. H. HILLER, 147 W. 28d St., Los Angeles,-Calif. “SNAPS” for TAXIDERMISTS ET. AL:— Chain and Hooks (25c), 16c; 7in Stuffers,spring handle (1.25), 80c; Scissor-handle Stuffers, i2in. ($1.75), $1.05; Scissor-handle Stuffer, 15in, ($2.50) $1.60; Bone Cutters, extra fine and heavy,($2.50) $1.60; 38 cal. Wad Cutter, (40c) 22c; Pinning Forceps for Insects ($1.25) 78¢c; Botanical Col- lecting Can with shoulder strap, size 12x714x33 in. ($1.50) $1.10; Tenaculum or Dissecting Hook, folding in handle ($1) 28c. All prepaid at prices quoted, regular prices in ( ). FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. PARTIES wishing A1 fresh skins of Mani- toba Birds, Downy young, choice sets of eggs, with or without nests. Send in your wants to CHRIS P. FORGE, Taxidermist and Collec- tor, Carman, Manitoba. EXCHANGE:—For fresh unblown Wild Goose Eggs, Birds Eggs in singles or speci- mens, 1 Colt’s Rifle, 1857, 1 Colt’s Revolver, N. S. N.. 1835, in good condition. GEO. P. AN- DERSON, Box 27, Dannebrog, Neb. WANTED.— Will trade books of all kinds for good matched pairs of ivory Elks teeth or sin- gle teeth; also collections of U. S. stamps bought for cash. Address, HALL N. JACK- SON, 36 W. 6th St., Cincinnati, O. 170 HAVE YOU any well mounted Butterflies or showy: insects to exchange for eggs this season? Send list. W. H. HILLER, 147 W. 23d St., Los Angeles, Calif. FOR SALE.—About one doz. Moose feet cut at hock and knee. Make nice fancy table or stool, 50c each; Golden Eagle. skin fresh, $5: Rough-legged Hawk, $1.50; Saw-Whet Owl, 81. nese are snaps. CHRIS P. FORGE, Carman, an. FIELD or MARINE GLASS:—New, worth $10, extension hood, case and shoulder strap, ‘‘Jumelle’” make. Will send prepaig for only $5.90. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. WANTED.—-The 2nd and 4th annual Report. of the Bureau of Ethnology. Will pay cash if cheap. J. S. ALL WOOD, Hecla Works, N. Y.. AS SOON as the present collecting season is. over I will have a number of Calif. sets to ex- change for sets or singles of common showy eggs. Desire especially sea birds. W. H. HILLER, 147 W. 23d St. Los Angeles, Cal. FOR EXCHANGE.—Good Student’s lamp for eggs in sets, pairs, or singles. Also will accept Indian relics, curios, etc. Be quick. Cc. A. WHITE, Salineville Ohio. ; WANTED:—A fresh skin of male Green- wing Teal. Offer $3 worth of sets; also have sets toexchange. W. A. MEAD, Carmel, N. Y. WANTED.—Chapman’s Birds of Eastern. North America. Write stating conditions and lowest cash price. GUY H. BRIGGS, Liver- more, Maine. CODDINGTON MAGNIFIER(Miners’ glass), diameter %in, cost $1.50, prepaid 95cts; also a 3 lens pocket magnifier in rubber case, only Oe prepaid. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, INDIAN Relics, bird eggs, minerals, old books, ete. Address, ASHLAND LIBRARY MUSEUM, Ashland, Ohio. FOR SALE:—Clutches of European species, White Gryfalcon, Gryfalcon, Merlin, Green Sandpiper, Greenshank, Golden Eagle, Gray Sea Hagle, Kestrel, Sparrow Hawk, Honey Buzzard, Peregrine Falcon. Hobby Egyptian Vultur.e. Apply. GORTON, 2 Upper Glouces- ter St., Pendleton, England. 171. HEAR YE! Hear Ye! Hear Ye! This is to certify that my advertisements in the OOLo- GIST have paid me better than have the com- bined ads. in most of the amateur and natural science papers. Ads. in the OOLOGIST always. bring returns, and it is safe to say that there is no paper having three times the circulation of this widespread periodical which can give equal satisfaction. MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich. WANTED:—Skeletons and Skulls, all kinds, in rough and mounted, Bird and Mammal Skins, Reptiles and Batrachians in alcohol or formalin. Desire correspondents in all parts of United States, Mexico and Canada. Back numbers of papers on Natural History and sci- entific books wanted. Offerin exchange fifty species finely prepared invertebrates in forma- lin, eastern bird skins. etc. Correspondence solicited. F. P. DROWNH, 20 Benefit St,, Providence, R. I. INSECT PINS:—150 best assorted and 3 sheets 3x4x1-16 inch cork. All prepaid, only 20c. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. U.S. WAR CENTS and REBELLION TOK- ENS. issued 1861-65, same size as U. S. cent now in use, bearing peculiar designs, ‘‘Union For- ever,” ‘‘Not One Cent for Tribute,’’ etc., etc. Some with merchant’s names. Becoming rare. Will make neat pocket pieces. Boys, you can dispose of these old and curious war cents to: your friends at a good profit. Supply limited. While they last will send one by mail postpaid for only 10c;.3 (each one different) for 25 cts. Stamps taken. O. J. SWANDER, Kenton, Hardin Co., Ohio. 171 THE OOLOGIST. 67 FOR EXCHANGE.—A. O. U. No’s. 16, 127, 194, 155, 293, 360a, 373i, 376, 375d, 381, 407, 429, 430, 431, 483, 434, 426, 460, 462, 466, 471, 475, 481b, 482, 486, 487, 505a, 592, 620, 633a, 683a, 707a, 708, 710, 717b, 721a, 725a, 748a, 751a. Will exchange these for desirable sets of other localities. I espec- jially wish to exchange series for series. Many common ones wanted. Will also sell sets of 3- 127 at $1.00 per set and 16 80-1 at 50c per egg. These are part of my private collection and es- pecially prepared. W. LEE CHAMBERS, Santa Monica, Cal. SNAPS. Offer No. 1 for Taxidermists. ME SCalpe lene be 2) ieee as Ie oes -$ 50 IspairStuiiers, 10ine se 1 60 1 pair 54%in. Spring Forceps................-.-.--.. 30 Iepalrab Voinls Pai erse eso nia Eee eo 40 1 pair 3in. Wire Cutters-............ .... rR Nee nt 39) TAITONE | STONE ARs ae ake es 25 TsPoison Brush? ..2--..22s2. 2... 12 1 pound Best Preservative......... ....-............ 20 1 Bunch Wire, 75feet....... ........2..0.2.-.-- 15 11 pairs Glass Eyes, assorted sizes............ 60 1G SikimeNeedles: aie eel soba oS a iil 08 1 set Chain and Hooks. ............-..2..2..22..------ . 20 1 bunch Skin Tags ............ Beets (0) 1 bunenh Artificial Leaves....................... 2. 10 BING) Gallee ee Menaic i mea a hi ot nicuiitie seers tbc ds EN ION $4 95 This lot which contains everything necessary in making Skins or Mounting Birds, will be shipped by express F. O. B. for only $3.00. or without the 10in. stuffers for only 2.15. Pre- paid price given on application. Offer No. 2 for Oologists. 3 Drills, assorted sizes....................-2..2ec...ee. $ 33 Te lOWer wp labeds sss os Ba ee 20 1 best Embryo Set, handle and 3 hooks...... 75 MAPAITARWeCZOLrS) es eee a oe 25 ANB SIVAN Os etn fs shee wed tee pont SN eee a 12 GiCheckineyWists ees 22 a ee 10 1 Caliper Rule 25 A OOS Abas powers re a earn lek A att bes) 1 “‘Directions for Collecting’’........_......2....... 05 ADO oe Lies AR ea AE a ee ee Er $2.25 as entire lot will be sent postpaid or only These are samples of the offers I am making to reduce stock before removing to Rochester, N. Y.soon after June 1st. Send stamp for com- plete list if you are interested. ERNEST H. SHORT, Albion, N. Y- What Did | Do? I sent H. W. KERR, Publisher of the NATURALIST, (Farm) and FANCIERS REVIEW $1.00 for FIVE YEARS sub- scription and FIVE 25 word Exchange Notices and I recommend it to YOU. Its Natural History Department edited by Isador S. Trostler of Omaha, Neb. is in need of your Attention, not to say but what the the Belgian Hare, Poultry, Pigeon and Pet Stock Departments are all leaders. July 1st this offer expires and subscription advanced to 50cper year. Sample copy free. Ad. Rates based on actual issue. Address, H. W. KERR, Pubr., Blencoe, lowa. BOOKS I have thousands of volumes relating to Natural History. Incase I’ve offered anything during the past year which you can use please favor me with Jist of wants and allow me to quote ‘‘SPEC- IAL”’ prices. All must be sold. Your attention is particularly called to my Book Lists in the June-July and October (pages 142-143) 1899 OoLogisTs. If ’ve anything left which you want or can use I would be pleased to be in- formed of the fact anda will endeavor to see that the matter of ‘‘price’’ will not be a barrier in making a transfer. Frank H. Lattin, Publisher of OdLoGisT, Albion, N. Y. JAMES P. BABBITT, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Taxidermists’ Supplies, Bird Skins, Eggs & Publications. Fine Imported Glass Eyes a Speeiaity. Illustrated Catalogue and large monthly bulle- tin of bargainsin Birds Skins and Eggs free upon application. TAUNTON, MASS. FOR SALE or EXCHANGE:—One fine sil- ver Bfiat cornet, cost $37.50. Willsell for cash or exchange for FINE ANCIENT INDIAN RELICs. Cornet has a shank and Cattachment. Address C. H. MAUCK, Appleton City, Mo. Have you tried my process of Rapid Taxidermy? If not you will be gratified by a big surprise. There is money to be made by the preservation of specimens for the market or the school, par- lor, office and den. Any boy, girl or sportsman may learn this method at the first attempt,and decorate the trophies and birds of the neigh- borhood. The cost is next to nothing, and when several go in and work together, there is no cost. You may make money in any town or the country. On receipt of $1.00 cash or stamps I will send the complete printed instructions to mount Birds, Mammals, Heads, etc., and one pound of the Preservative, ready prepared for the work; together with complete directions for dressing skins with the hair on, for rugs, robes and hangings, and in addition I will make the extra inducement of offering the for- mula for making the Preservative Compound, with the privilege of selling the same. The process will be exchanged for $3.00 worth of stamps, or for other exchange. What have you to offer? Address MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich. ‘68 THE OOLOGIST. Special Collections of BIRDS’ EGGS At Unheard of Prices to Close Out. _A]ll specimens are first class, side-blown, true toname. Safe delivery guar- anteed. ‘Collection No 1 Contains: Wood Ibis, Great Blue Heron, Snowy Heron, Black-crowned Night Heron, Green Heron, American Coot, Lapwing, Killdeer, Bob-white, Florida Burrowing Owl, Flicker, American Crow, Starling, Red-winged Blackbird, Tri- colored Blackbird, Orchard Oriole, Purple ‘Grakle, Boat-tailed Grakle, House Finch, American Goldfinch, Gray-tailed Cardinal, Yellow Warbler, Yellow-breasted Chat, Mock- bird, Catbird, Brown Thrasher, Wood Thrush American Robin, Ringed Pheasant. Twenty-nine specimens, one each of the above species, worth $5.60. My priceonly $1.25 PREPAID. ‘Collection No.2 Contains: Murre, Razor-billed Auk, White-faced Glossy Ibis, Louisiana Heron, Little Blue Heron, Whimbrel, Black-billed Cuckoo, Belted King- fisher, Scissor-tailed Flycatcher, Kingbird, Phoebe, Mexican Horned Lark, Fish Crow, Meadowlark, Arkansas Goldfinch, Sharp-tailed Sparrow, Indigo Bunting, California Shrike, Red-eyed Vireo, Chestnut-sided Warbler, Amer- ican Redstart, House Wren, Chickadee. Twenty three species, one specimen of each of the above, worth $4.92. My price only $1.35 prepaid. Collection No. 3 Contains: Pied-billed Grebe, Western Gull, Arctic Tern, Shoveller, Northern Eider, Scoter, Curlew, Black Vulture, Swainson’s Hawk, American Sparrow Hawk, Burrowing Owl, Road-runner, Yellow-billed Cuckoo, Chuck-wills-widow, Flor- ida Night-hawk, Traill’s Flycatcher, Least Flycatcher, Prairie Horned Lark, Blue Jay, Bullock’s Oriole, Lark Sparrow. Song Spar- row, California Towhee, Barn Swallow. Tree Swallow, Loggerhead Shrike, Carolina Wren, Bewick’s Wren, Wilson’s Thrush. A single specimen of each of the above 35 species is worth $8.21. My price for entire lot prepaid is only $2.50. European Eggs: Moorhen, Blackbird, White-throat, Red- start, Yellow Bunting, Chaffinch, Hedge Spar- row, Greenfinch, Robin, Sand Martin, Willow Warbler, Tree Sparrow, Song Thrush and House Sparrow. My price for one specimen of each of the above 14 European species is only 36c prepaid. Specials in Single Eggs: Emeu, prepaid, only Ostrich ‘ ‘ 63 Alligator ‘“ uP 14 Swan oe ss 48 Wandering Albatross, prepaid, only... .... 2 46 Eggs in Sets: Wood Ibis 1-3, Black-crowned Night Heron 1-4, Florida Burrowing Owl 1-2, American Crow 1-4, Yellow-breasted Chat 1-3, Mockingbird 1-4, Brown Thrasher 1-4, White-throat 1-4, Euro- pean Redstart 1-4, Chaffinch 1-5, Greenfinch 1-5. The above 11 sets catalogue at over $8.00. Entire lot prepaid for ONLY $1 75. American Starlings: Red-winged Blackbird 1-4, Tricolored Black- bird 1-4, Orchard Oriole 1-5, Boat-tailed Grakle 1-3. The above 4 sets worth $1.25,prepaid for ONLY 35 CENTS. FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. BIRD SKINS. Worth double my prices but will close them out at prices quoted prepaid. The following are in pairs and prices given are per pair. My price Worth. Prepaid. Royal Tern................ $2 60 Common Tern 1 26 Anhinga (female poor) 2 70 Wood bis 223 eee : 4 00 Yellow-crowned Night Heron-_ 5 00 2 60 Snowy Plover...........-... -2-.---.--- 2 00 1 05 Florida Red-shouldered Hawk 3 50 1 90 Desert Sparrow Hawk............. 2 00 1 10 Mexican Jacana......... -..-.--------- 3 50 2 00 California Partridge Peis 1 10 Steller’s Jay.............-.-.- --- 1 50 Cerulean Warblev........ ....-...---- 65 Black-throated Gray Warbler. 1 50 70 Townsend’s Warblevr...........-..-- 4 00 1 75 Vigor’s Wren........ -...-..-- .. 1 60 70 Western Winter Wren 1 09 50 Chestnut-backed Chickadee...... 1 59 60 Tree SPaLcrow -o.c2:--3 ee eee 50 40 Snow ilakeis2:c20553 Sees 70 30 Of the following I offer single skins only— usually male specimens: My price Worth. postpaid. Yellow-crowned Night Heron, poor female = ee $1 00 60 Pink-sided Junco....................... 50 35 Rock Sparrows 1 00 50 BY W0 (Jiaiyen ee 35 25 Oregon Towhee ..... eee U) 25 Slate-colored June 25 15 Anna’s Hummingbird ib) 45 Phainopepla aise eee 1 00 50 Rusty Sgng Sparrow ............... 50 30 Snow flake nets eee) 15 ParulayWiatblene see 25 20 Black-throated Blue Warbier. 35 25 Myrtle Wiarblery yee ee 26 20 Audubon’s Warbler.................. 50 30 Black-poll Warbler ...... Bee 45) 20 Black-throated Green Warbler 30 20 Mourning Warbler.................-.- 75 40 RediSquirrel es eee ee 50 35 On an order of $5.00 or over at my special prepaid prices Pll allow an additional discount of 10 per cent. FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. Collectors, Dealers, Everybody. Take Notice. Owing tomy change of loca- tion to Rochester, N. Y. June ist [am offering unheard of bargains in Glass Eyes, Instru- ments, Birds Eggs, Bird Skins, Minerals, Shells, ete. Send for list quick, Offer limited to month of May. Address ERNEST H. SHORT, Albion, N. Y. THE OOLOGIST. VOL. XVII. NO. 5. ALBION, N. Y., MAY, 1900. THE OOLOGIST. A Monthly Publication Devoted to OGLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. FRANK H. LATTIN, Editor and Publisher, ALBION, N. Y. Correspondence and items of interest to the poudent of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited rom all. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: Single subscription.....0......e.e-50C per annum Sample CopieS.......cecsscsce-cecccoseeeeedc Each The above rates include payment of postage. Each subscriber is given a card good for a Want, Exchange or For Sale Notice. (This card is redeemable at any time within one year from date thereon.) Subscriptions can begin with any number. Back numbers of the OoLoaist can be furnished at reasonable rates. Send stamp for descrip- tions and prices. "Remember that the publisher must be noti fled by letter when a subscriber wishes his paper stopped, and all arrearages must be paid. ADVERTISING RATES: 6 cents per nonpareil line each insertion. 12 lines in every inch. Seven inches in a col- umn, and two columns to the page. Nothing inserted for less than 25 cents. No “special rates,” 5 cents per line is ‘‘net,” ‘‘rock bottom,” ‘‘inside,” ‘‘spot cash” rate from which there is no deviation and no commission to agents. If you wish to use 5 lines or less space it will cost you 25 cents; 100 lines, $5.00; 1000 lines, $50.00. “Trade” (Other than cash) advertise- ments will be accepted by special arrangement only and at ratesfrom double to five times cash rates. Due Bills and Cards payable in advertis- ing will be honored only at regular rates in force at the date of issuance of said bill or card. Remittances should be made by Draft, Express or Postoffice Money Order, Registered Letter or Postal Note. Unused U.S. Postage Stamps of any denomination will be accepted for sums un- der one dallar. Make Money Orders and Drafts payable and address all subscriptions and com- munications to FRANK H. LATTIN, Aibion, Orleans Co., N. Y. were DG AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALO, Pi. Y., AB SEOOND-CLASS MATTER, Work to Do. 658). Daresiel RICHARD C. MCGREGOR. Among the many readers of THE OoLoGisT there are probably not a few bird and egg collectors who have been exposulated With, for their wanton and WHOLE No. 166 cruel acts, by well meaning acquaint- ances. When we remember that these people do not understand the pleasure of wading knee-deep in the marsh for Coot’s and Blackbird’s eggs, or of tramping twenty miles a day for a Hawk’s nest, we can smile and forgive them. But what rasps one, isto read the opinions expressed by some of our ornithologists. That they do no end of collecting themselves we have abundant evidence. Still these very men advise us to limit our collections to one or two sets of eggs and three or four skins of each species. They tell us to study birds with a field glass and if we want to see a bird in the hand, to go to some of the numerous large public collections. That may do well enough for those in Washington, Philadelphia, or New York, but there are a few bird students who do not live in or near any of these large cities. If the American Museum and the Philadelphia Academy of Sciences bring together large series of skins, are we not justified in following so good an example? Those high in authority say: No, but they do not give the real reason which is just this. The museums have fireproof buildings, curators to care for specimens, and scientists who study this material, making contributions to the sum of scientific knowledge. With these large coliections, carefully pre- served, they are able to discover new facts in regard to moulting, distribution, variation in plumage, ete. Now a beginner gets birds and eggs much as a philatalist collects stamps, to see how many kinds he can find. He goes on inthis way for from one to three years, and then, the novelty of mere collecting being lost, the whole 70 THE OOLOGIST lot is discarded and forgotten. No real use is made of these birds. So the reason we are discouraged from making large collections, is that so many of us never make any real use of the birds, and to destroy life for no better reason than has the stamp or coin collector for his business, is not justifiavle. But the beginner may have a genuine interest in birds, and may be willing to work hard to add his part to science. Every ornithologist has to make a start by collecting, that he may know the birds So every chanceshould be given him that he may do good work. Itis for this reason that I wish to tell him some of the things which may be studied atthe same time he is making his collection. To identify your specimens is the first step in any branch of zoological work. Ifin anew field you may find undescribed species and they are to be attended to But among birds there is little of this work. Ornithology stands at the head in systematic work. In no other branch of zoology is the nomen- clature so nearly fixed. Practically all the species and sub-species of North American birds have been named and fully described. The eggs of nearly all species on our check-list are known. Several of my personal friends have begun on birds, but finding the race for novelties too keen, have gone over to fishes, mammals, insects or plants. These men will affect to despise sys- tematic work and will tell you that they do not like to be troubled with naming new species, yet I find these very men have done the mostin that line and often have done nothing else. New svecies of birds are nowto be had only by travelin far countries, con- tending with tropical or polar temper- atures. For those who must remain at home and who have plenty of time it is Jeft to take up other, but equally, valu- able and interesting work. For these I wish to make a few suggestions as to what is to be done. There is nothing new here, only a gathering together to give the novice some idea of the rich harvest which awaits him, requiring only patience and accurate observation for the reap- ing. There may be uncertainty as to what your. results will be, this makes the discovery all the more delightful, but that you will find something there is no doubt whatever. In the first place keep'a note book and write down everything you find out, for even the most common facts will escape your memory. 1. Local list.—Keep a full list of all species which occur in your locality, when they are with you, how abun- dant, andthe kind of country each in- habits. iPepieee 2. Migration.—Notes on migration belong with the local list: 3. Nesting records.—These should in- clude dates of all nests found, number of eggs or young, actions of parents, ete. A complete investigation of some one species or genus may be taken up. Howe’s ‘‘Breeding Habits of the Ameri- can Robin in Hastern Massachusetts” (Auk, XIV, 162,) is an excellent model and shows what may be done on a com- mon species. 4. Incubation.—This is a life time study in itself. Nothing is known of the necessary conditions of moisture and tempature and but little as to the normal period of incubation. 5. Food.—Very little is known, ex- cept in a general way, of the normal food of birds or about the effect of various foods. This may be studied by direct observation of the wild birds, from stomachs, from pellets of such species as eject food remains from the mouth, and by feeding captive young and adults. 6 Studies on young.—This may be carried on along several lines at once, quite enough to keep one observer busy during all his spare time. Some of these lines are food, feather growth, ‘mena of moult. -easy observation to make is the number THE OOLOGIST 71 ‘growth in weight, instinctive habits, and experiments on special senses. Owen, on ‘‘A Captive Hermit Thrush,” (Auk, Jan. 1897,) gives many valuable hints for the study of young birds. ‘The same observer has reported on the growth of the young Song Sparrow. 7. Feathers.—Under this head we may study the relative development of the feather tracts, rate of growth in wing and tail feathers, and the pheno- A very simple and of feathers casteach day during a moult. Chadbourne, (Auk, XIV, 140,) says; ‘‘In the living bird accurate data of the loss before and during the progress of a complete moult ure, I believe un- published.” A lookout should be kept for albinism, melanism and hybridism. 8 Variation.—This is a subject with which bnt little has been done. It re- quires avery large series of one species and is best undertaken by those situ- ated where two sub-species overlap, that is, where intermediate forms occur. Do not think that I decry the making of a collection. You should have a fair series of each species found in your lo- cality, so that you may recognize any straggler, hybrid or strange plumage. Collect all the specimens you need for working out an uncertain point. If you do not recognize a bird, shoot it. But do not make a collection to show your friends, or to have more than any one else inthe town. Make the most of every bird you kill and when you dis- cover something new or unusual, write it up for publication so that others may know the results of your work. Some Winter Birds of the Island of Vieques BY B S. BOWDISH. The Island of Vieques lies about fifteen miles off the eastern end of Porto Rico and in general topography much resembles it on a smaller scale. In ex- treme length and width it is about twenty-one by nine miles. Some of the hills are still clothed in forest a portion of which exhibits the dense tangle of vine and bush of innumerable species of the tropical forest, also some of the ' creek bottoms are likewise thickly grown with small growth, but the vir- gin forest, the giant trees of the prim- eval timber are gone forever, a sacrifice to the cupidity and vandalism of Spain. In yalley and on hillside in many places acre upon acre of sugar cane waves in the breeze in an uninterrupted expanse Over other like expanses the luxuriant growth of grass furnishes an abundant pasturage for numerous oxen. Small tracts here and there are devoted to gardening. Throughout the Open country occasional trees and copses of bushes are scattered. The fences are many of them hedges of the “Spanish bayonet” cactus, and these hedges intergrown thickly with rank grass form havens of retreat for many birds—and also for the Mongoose. his latter and a wood rat, nesting in trees, have undoubtedly effected the avifauna of the island to a very large extent. Ground nesting birds must have been seriously disturbed by. the extreme abundance of the Mongoose which in predacious habits surpasses the ermine or mink. A representative of the Bob-white formerly recorded from the island of Porto Rico seems to be rare now if not quite extinct. _ In presenting this list I would say that it is the result of some three months observation in November and December of ’99 and January and Feb- uary of the present year, made under many difficulties and that I was con- stantly hampered by military duties. The Gulls and Terns seen were none of them secured hence remained uni- dentified and the same was the case with the majority of the water birds. Consequently the list chiefly represents the more conspicuous winter birds of 72 THE OOLOGIST. the island and lays no claim to even an approach to completeness. Pelecanvs fuscus. Always abundant and often easily secured. A male shot Dec. 23d contained in stomach and throat 27 herrings averaging about four inches each in length. I removed and preserved from the inside of the body . close to the stomach three small para- sitical worms. This pelican measured, length 45}, inches, extent 79 inches. Fregatta aquila. Often seen singly or in twos and threes soaring over the surf near the beach fishing, sometimes in company with the pelicans. A male secured Dec. 16th, disgorged a sharp- nosed fish about 8 inches in length. Stomach was empty. Florida coerulea. Common though not as abundant as the next. Ardea virescens. Very abundant on the lagoons at the mouths of creeks these herons were nearly always found from one to a dozen specimens, some- times associated with coerulea. Actitis macularia. Quite a common bird along the beach and on the lagoons Sometimes associated with the follow- ing. Rgialitis wilsonia. Seen afew times in flocks of a dozen on the beach. One male secured Nov. 5th. None were seen after Dec. lst. Columba —? Common. Three speci- mens secured. ‘The only large pigeon noted. Zenaidura macoura. Very common. Apparently not so common as the fore- going. A number were Seen in twos and threes feeding on the ground much after the fashion of Bob-whites. Dec. 30th I secured a male. OColumbigalma passerina. Quite abun- dant. Buteo borealis. Several pair were noted and they probably breed here. Shot Jan. 26th. The stomach contained the bones and fur of a rat probably of one of the wood rats. Falco dominicensis? Sparrow hawks are not apparently abundant. On Dec- 17th. I shot a male and Jan. 18th I shot a female and while putting it up the male come to the same tree from which his mate had been secured and I got him also. They seem much less sus- picious than the bird of the State. The male above referred to came within ten feet of me when alighting in the tree. Prof. Richmond who is here with Prof. Stejneger collecting, would not pro- nounce positively on these birds wheth- er they were dominicensis or caribaeum. The stomach contents in the first of the three hawks above mentioned was far digested and not identifiable. Of the other male were grasshoppers and the fur and bones of a mouse, while the stomach of the female contained grass- hoppers only. Pandion haliatus carolinensis. Two pair were noted and the male of one secured Dec. 31st. Stomach was empty. Crotophaga ant. Very abundant and often seen in large flocks, feeding in the pastures and along the creeks. They must breed very early for on Jan. 28th I shot from a small (probably fam- ily flock,) five birds of which two were young, male and female respectfully, on the wing, but undeveloped in size and plumage. Stomachs of a fair series of these birds show insects, seeds and fruits chiefly the latter two. In Vieques I meet with no example of their nesting but in the mountains back of Catania, P.R, July 21, 99 I found a pair work- ing on a nearly completed nest about twenty feet from ground in a tree at the edge of woods and by the foot of a hill. The nest was apparently almost wholly constructed of twigs and was roofed like the nest of a magpie. Coccyzus minor dominicata. were noted but none secured. main Island I shot one. Ceryle alcyon. Shot male Dec. 10th. Noted a number of pairs on the creeks. Melanerpes portorcensis. Fairly com- mon. The only Porto Rican representa- Several On the THE OOLOGIST. 73 tive of the Picidw. In habits much like the Red-headed Woodpecker of the State, with simular garulosity. Antrostomus carolinensis, A number were noted in one creek bottom two -females secured. (A Hummer was noted similiar to specimens secured on the main island, but as these are un. identified they cannot be included ) Tyrannus dominicensis. By all means the commonest bird of its class. A fair series were obtained and stomach con- tents proved that the birds do not con- fine themseives to insects, as berries and seeds of same were often found in them. Pitangus taylort. Quite common though not nearly so much so as the preceeding species. Probably not always separated from Tyrannus. Often associated with the above. Myiarchus antillarum. Not so abun- dant as the above. In habits quite sim- iliar to the Phoebe which it resembles to quite an extent. (Probably Jcterus portoricensis is found on the island as it is very abun dant on the main island, but as it was not noted it cannot be included.) Quiscalus brachyplerus Common. Often noted ino large flocks. (Ammodramus savannarum and Pyrr- huloxia portoricensis were neither of them noted but most likely occar.) Euethia bicolor. One of the mos; com. mon birds. I found them breeding from Nov. 15th to Feb. 9th, the day be- fore I left the Island on which day a nest found containing one fresh egg. The composition of the nests is com- monly fine dry grass, rootlets, skeleton leaves, etc. It is shaped much like the nest of the Marsh Wren, a ball of grass ete., with an entrance in the side and is commonly built in a bush or small tree at an elevation of 2 to 10 feet. It is not always distinguishable from the nest of the Honey Creeper but is usual- ly not so bulky norso firmly and well built. Sets consist of two or three Set 7-3 far advanced, eggs. No sets of four were noted. Set + Nov. 15th nest fine grasses, rootlets, skeleton leaves, etc., 7 ft. from ground in fork of bush in pasture. Eggs fresh. Set 2-2 Nov. 19th, fresh. Nest same as last 6 feet up in small bush by roadside. Set 3-3 Nov. 19th far advanced, nest fine rootlets, skeleton leaves, weeds and grasses, 8 ft. up in bush by road- side. Set 4-2 Noy. 25th far advanced, nest fine grasses, weed stems, skeleton leaves, 4 ft. from ground in top of bush by fence near creek. Set 5-3 Nov. 27th, 1 fresh 2 slight. Nest same composi- tion as foregoing, 3 ft. from ground and fairly well concealed in thick bushes in pasture. Set 6-3 Nov. 30th, far advanc- ed, nest dry grasses and skeleton leaves, measurements outside diam. 3+ in. inside, depth 6 in. inside, 12 in., 24 ft. above ground in tops of Spanish bayonet and grass by edge of woods. nest entirely made of dry grasses, measurments out- side diam., 5x2in. inside, 14+ in. out- side, depth 44 in. inside, 24 in., situated in dense wall of a kind of jointed climb- ing grass and being composed of the same material was extremely well hid- den. A chance blow on the grass with a stick caused the bird to leave, thus drawing attention to the nest. Going back to this nest which was in a woods on a hill, on Dec. 30th, to obtain a photo of this unusual nesting site, I was quite surprised to see the bird again leave the same place. Examination disclosed a nest exactly similiar to the one of set 7-3 and placed in same spot, The sun being at the time hidden, it was necessary to make a time exposure sO an improvised tripod was construct- ed of poles bound with vines. Soon after the nesting site was photographed the sun coming out, I made a photo of the tripod with my partner standing beside it drawing a bead with my gun ou imaginery bird above. Set 8-3 Dec. 19th, far advanced, nest dried grasses, skeleton leaves, fine root- 74 THE OOLOGIST lets and horse hair, measurments, diam., 34x1 in., depth 8x1? in., situ- ated in tips of limb of tree 8 ft. above road. Set 9-3 Dec. 30th, fresh, this was the second set from the nest in the bank of grass. Set 10-3 Feb. Yth, fresh nest, fine roots, weed stems, skeleton leaves, etc., in tips of slender bush growing from mass of Spanish bayonet, on bank of road 10ft from ground. Set 11-3 Feb. 9th’ fresh nest composed of fine dead vines and situated in a mass of some hanging from limbs of tree by pasture fence. Was very in- conspicuous. This bird is rather shy in its habits, is not a close sitter when the nest is ap- proached and will not come within close distance of nest while intiuder is by remaining most of the time conceal- ed in bushes. Huethia brijectita. Not quite so com- mon as preceeding. Though they were undoubtedly breeding and though I shot a female Jan. 30th containing an egg nearly to be deposited, I failed to locate a nest. Progne donimicensis. A few noted in village just before our departure. Would probably have become common a little later. Vireo calidris. A few noted. Coerorba porto ricensis. Abundant. nests with eggs were taken Feb. 4th, Feb. 7th, and 9th. In strncture and location they are much like those of Hutthra bicolor with the differences noted in the description of that bird. Three or two eggs is the common num- ber; I have taken but one set of four. Miniotilta varia. A few noted. Three specimens taken. (Dendroice ruficapilia must I think occur but strange to say was not noted.) Dendroico coronata. Three specimens in moulting plumage showing approach of summer plumage, were taken. Dendroica discolor. Abundant. A number of specimens taken. Compsothlypis americana. Abundant This and preceeding were by far the most common warblers. Sewwrus aurocaptilus. One secured Seturus motacilla. Noted a number and secured two females and a male. According to Prof. Richmond this bird was recorded from Porto Rico, and I gave him one of the skins for the Smith- sonian. Several noted. Secured two Setophaga ruticilla. males and noted several others. Mimus polyglottos orpheus. Not abundant when we went to Vieques but becoming common and vociferous as we came away. Margarops fusatus. Not uncommon in the creek bottoms but extremely shy and secured with great difficulty keep- ing mostly well concealed in trees and bushes. Many of the notes of these birds resemble certain notes of Robin and of Wilson’s Thrush in states and the alarm cry is scarcely distinguishable from that of the Catbird. I secured two females Jan. 28th. (Mimocichla ardosicacea which I found commonly on the main island was here not noted but probably occurs. ) Our Western Blackbirds. 499a CALIFORNIA BLACKBIRD. (Agel- © tus californicus:—Our western redwing, formerly known as the Bicolored Black- bird, isa common summer resident in the marshes of Santa Clara Co. Cali- fornia. The date of their arrival here in spring is usually about Mar. Ist, al- though I have noted them as early as Feb. 8th. and it is indeed a pleasant re- minder of spring to hear their cheery ‘‘quong-quer-ree” after the long winter is over. The tirst few weeks after ar- riving here is spent in company with the Brewer’s Blackbirds feeding in large flocks upon the wheat and barley in the hay fields which have just been sown at this time, but as the spring ad- vances, they break up into smaller com- THE OOLOGIST. 75 panies and locate in the hay field or tule swamp in which they intend to nest. Nest buiiding is begun about the 1st. of April and the site is usua'ly a clump of tules in aswamp. although a bunch of mustard in a grain tield is somatimes selected. As I have never sesn a male bird carrying nest material, [ believe the female does all the nest building, although I am not well enough inform- ed to Say positively. The nests are all alike, a typical one being a compact structure composed of tules and rushes, lined with fine dry grass. There is always more or less mud in composition of nests found in the tule swamps, but I think thisis caused by the birds using dead rushes for nest building, which are perhaps lying in the mud. This mud dries in time and gives the impression that the birds placed it there intentionally. Nests found in grain fields or away from run- ning water never have any mud in them, and are loosely constructed of straw and dry grasses, lined with fine dry grass und sometimes horsehair. In tules the nests are seldom higher than two feet above the water, while in grain fields the average is usually three and sometimes even four feet up. I think that perhaps the water under the rushes gives the birdsa sense of security which those building above land cannot have, for the danger of having their nests robbed by snakes, or their fledglings destroyed by prowling cats is thus ma- terially lessened. 1 remember when [ was a_ small youngster a terrible commotion which Ionce noticed among the Blackbirds adjacent to ourhome. The birds (there must have been over one hundred of them,) were all hovering over a certain spot in the field and making a terrible noise, so I constituted myself an invest- igating committee of one to find out the trouble. Upon nearing the spot I found a huge gopher snake entwined about a large mustard stalk to which a blackbird’s nest was fastened, and just in the act of swallowing a young black- bird almost ready to fly. Two suspic- ious lumps in the snakes body were circumstantial evidence enough to con- vict him of murder in the first degree, while one young bird perched upon the far edge of the nest was viewing in wild eyed horror the disappearance of bird No. 3, and no doubt speculating upon the terrible fate which av. aited him :lso. The old birds were swooping at the snake and endeavoring in every way possible to attract his attention, but could notsucceed. Promptly accepting _ the office of judge, jury and executioner I took Mr. Gopher snake by the tail car- ried him from the field and cracked his skull. The bird he was endeavoring to swallow was all this time fastened be- tween his jaws and he could neither get it upor down. The eggs are three or four in number; and sometimes. but rarely five. Last year | noted a nest containing three young birds and two addled eggs, this being the first nest I have ever seen which held over four. The majority of nests last year held only three eggs. The eggs are bluish white in ground color, and are marked, chiefly around the larger end, with wavy lines of dark brown and black In comparing eggs in my collection with those of the Red- wing; the eggs of the California Black-, bird seem to have more and longer lines upon them. Fresh eggs can be taken as early as April 20th. and the nesting period extends through June. After the young have all hatched the birds con- gregate in large flocks and spend most of the time inthe pasture fields until they migrate in the fall. 500 TRICOLORED BLACKBIRD. (Age- laius tricolor:—This bird replaces the California Blackbird in the interior valleys of California. It has never been found nesting in this part of the Santa Clara Co. although it has been 76 THE OOLOGIST. \°7 \© recorded as nestirg in the marshes near Gilroy and Sargents, about thirty-five miles south of Santa Clara, in the ex- treme southern part of the county. The nesting and other habitsand eggs of this bird are identical with those of the California Blackbird. What has been written of the California Black- bird will apply to this bird also. 510 BREWERS BLACKBIRD. ;(Scole- cophagus cyanocephalus:—This beauti- ful Grackle, usually known as the Tree Blackbird is an abundant resident of this county atall times. He can al- ways be foundin the pastures among the sheep andjcattle, where he sits contentedly upon the ,backs of one of these animals, occasionaly pecking a grub or flying to the grourd to pick up some worm or other tempting morsel of food. In the winter a flock of these birds will follow a plow and catch the earth-worms as fast as they are turned up and they also delight to follow a sower in the grain fields and eat the grain. They are alwaysa sociable bird, several pairs always selecting the same tree for a nesting site. They like to buildin the neighbor- hood ofa house or barn, although I did: find several nests in a large weep- ing willow tree ina grain: field about one mile from a house. Nest building begins about the 1st. of April, the nest being composed of an outer layer of twigs, straw and rootlets, cemented with mud or manure and almost invar- iably lined with a thick layer of horse- hair. It is usually placed at the top of a large weeping willow tree in a fork about twenty feet above the ground, or in twigs at the end of a drooping limb, although I have found them in evergreens and flowering shrubs in a garden, not higher than five feet. The earliest date at which I have taken eggs is April, 22nd and from this time until well along in June, eggs may be taken. six in number, usually four, and in The eggs range from four to. color are among the most beautiful of our western birds’ eggs, especially for a series, the markings being remark- ably variable. A typical set has a ground color of greenish white, with numerous markings and blotches of brown and black, but I always find a few sets every year which are so heavi- ly marked with dark brown blotches as to give the eggs the appearance of being a solid brown color. Of course there are a great many sets to be found the eggs of which vary between these two extremes, and some of these are very odd and beautiful. Although Brewers Blackbird is not a songster in any sense of the word, and sometimes eats the grain and fruit, 1 think he more than repays us for the damage he does by his sociable habits. He is also an independent and some- times a pugnacious fellow. I have often seen one of these birds chase a Western Redtail or Turkey Vulture and peck at them until they were glad to take refuge in flight. Wo. L. ATKINSON, Santa Ciara, Cal. An Albino Marsh Hawk. On the 18th day of April, 1900, while traveling the public highway one and one-half miles north of Albion, a bird flew toward me close to the ground that I at once called a hawk but different from anything I had ever seen. Fortu- nately the bird crossed the road very close and I was able to identity it. It was within 100 feet of me and every feather showed pixionly Its general build, the low flight, and pure white patch at base of tail, lefc no doubt as to its identity, but the head and neck, all of the back and the wing coverts were ofa uniform creamy white instead of the usual brown and rufus pattern. Of course [had no gun, so the old bird is probably on earth to puzzle some one else. Onthe 4th, of Mareh last, I secured a fine mule Greater Redpoll which so farasI know, has not prev- iously been recorded in Western New York. Its larger size, short, thick beak and wider tail feathers, all serve to dis- tinguish it from the common species. ERNEST H. SHORT, Albion, N.Y. THE OOLOGIST. 7 MONTROSE BICYGLE sev" FREE on approval to youraddress WITHOUT A CENT IN ADVANCE. SEND US YOUR ORDER, state whether you wish lady’s or man’s wheel; give color, height of frame and gear wanted and WE WILL SHIP THE WHEEL C. O. D. on approval, allowing you to uncrate and ex- amine it fully before you accept it. If it is not all and more than we claim for it, and a better wheel than you can get for any where near the price from any one else, refuse it and we will pay all express charges ourselves. The *“*“MONTROSE’’ Bicycle 50 at our Special Agent’s sample price of —=— is the greatest bargain in a bicycle ever offered. We guarantee it equal to any $40 wheel on the market, and you need not accept it nor pay a cent fa if you do not find it as werepresent. Weare EXOLUSIVE BICYCLE } MANUFACTURERS and take this method of quickly introducing f our 1900 MODELS. This offer of a sample wheel at this low price is 4 made tosecure 2 RJ DER AGENT in each town to representus and take orders. Our agents make money fast. SPECIFICATI ONS Frame, 22, 24 or 26 inch; ladiés, 22inch. Best ® Shelby seamless tubing with forged connec- tions, flush joints, improved expander device to fasten seat post and handle bar; Royal Arch crown; the celebrated Mavis hubs and hanger— the easiest running known; Record ‘*A’’ tires, the best and one of the 4] most expensive tires on the market, The genuine 4 Mesinger Hygienic saddle; pedals, tools and accessories the best obtainable. Enameled in i] black, maroon or coach green, highly finished and ornamented; special f] finished nickeling on all bright parts. We thoroughly test every piece H of material that goes into this machine. Our binding year’s guar- antee bond with each bicycle. : FREE to any one sending the $16.50 cash in full with order we will send free a genuine Burdick 10,000 mile barrel pattern cyclo- meter; ora high grade floor pump. Your money all back if you are not perfectly satisfied. CHE AP WH EELS We do not manufacture the cheap depart- g ment store kind of wheels, such as many new concerns and big supply houses advertise and sell as high grade. We can furnish them, however, at $5 to $7 stripped; or $9.75 to $12.50 complete. We do not guarantee nor recom- mend them. BEFORE ORDERING a bicycle of any one else, no matter who or how cheap, write us and let us tell you how much we can save you on the same machine. i If you UNAB LE { BUY a wheel we can assist you to EARN A BICYCLE by dis- are 0 tributing catalogues for us a few days. in each town for this purpose. We have several hundred SECOND HAND WHEELS taken in trade which we will close out at 83 to 810 each; also some shopworn samples and ’99 models very cheap. Send for Bargain List. OUR RELIABILITY is unquestioned. We refer to any bank or business house in Chicago, or any express or railroad company. We will send you letters of reference direct from the largest banks in Chicago if you wish it. SEND YOUR ORDER tistaccccsozsseip chepacin crzms claaumeent wmeont vont J. L. MEAD CYCLE COMPANY, Chicago, im. THE COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL. CLUB Has published three-fourths of the most inter- esting descriptions of the nests and eggs or rare species. of the West, which have been printed during the past six years, including the Hermit Warbler, Western Evening Gros- beak. White throated Swift,California Vulture, ete., ete. It is now publishing “THE CONDOR” Formerly the BULLETIN of the COCPERORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB. A crisp and breezy 16 to 24 page bi-monthly bird journal, illustrated as required. The arti- cles are all from field workers and have a ring Which enthuses the live ornithologist. The only Bird Magazine devoted solely to the Or- nithology of the Great West. Always out on time! You want it! Subseription $1 a year. Sample copy, 20c. For sample, address C. BARLOW, Editor-in- chief, Santa Clara, Cal. Subscriptions to DON- ane A. COHEN, Business Manager, Alameda, Cal. Subscription may commence with No. 1 (Jan- Mary, 1899.). ‘“*You might as well be out of the Bird World al- together as go without THE OSPREY.”’ THR OSPREAY, An [Illustrated Monthly Magazine Popular Ornithology. Edited by Theodore Gill, in Co-op- eration with_Robert Ridgway, L. Stejneger, C. W. Richmona and Other Eminent Ornithologists. THE OspREY does not keep a poet, but it has an office cat who ean catch more birds than all the poets put to- gether. If vou don’t believe this,. read THE OspreY. If you want to buy. sell or exchange specimens, advertise in THE OsPREY. If you want to keep in with other Rird Men, subseribe for THE OsprREY. If vou want to write about Birds, you can do it in THE OSPREY. provided you know how to write. If you like a bexutifully printed and pro- fusely illustrated magazine, all about Birds you MUST HAVE THE OSPREY. TERMS—ONE DOLLAR A YEAR. Published by THE OSPREY COMPANY, 821-323 4144 St., Washington, D. C. of Weneed oneperson . 78 THE OOLOUGIST. BIRD-LORE For February, the first number of Volume II, contains a full-page portrait of the late Elliott Coues, a list af over 50 prominent ornithogists, residing throughout the United States and Canada who have consented to aid bird students by responding to their re- quests for information and advice, and, among others, the following articles: ‘“Con- cerning Birds’ Tongues,” (12 illustrations) by F. A. Lucas; ‘‘The Economic Value of Gulls,” (illustrated) by Frank M. Chapman; “Bird Study at Oberlin College,”” by Lynds Jones; ‘‘Every-day Study of Birds for Busy People, including a method of Recording Notes,” by W. H. C. Pynchon;” ‘The Season’s Flight of Crossbills,” (illustrated) from notes by William Brewster, J. N. Clark, and others; ‘“‘The Blue-winged Warbler in Southern New York in January,” by Elizabeth G Britton; ‘‘Where the Grebes’ Breasts Come from,’’ by Vernon Bailey. 20 cents a copy. One Dollar a year. The Macmillan Co.,Englewood, N.J., or 66 5th Ave., New YorkCity. The Young Naturalist’s Marvelous Collection. A truly ‘‘Marvelous”’ collection and most ap- propriately named for the class for whom it’s intended. The collection contains the follow- ing specimens, which retail at from 1 to 10c each: Card of Marine Alga, 15 Foreign Stamps, Sand Dollar, Chinese Coin, Tusk Shell, ‘‘Wam- um” Organpipe Coral, Red, Yellow and rown-banded Sea Beans, Branch Coral, BE. I., Spearhead or Arrowhead, Money Cowry, Pink Coral, Alligator Tooth, Worm Shell, Sand Shark or Skate Egg, Limpet, Bloody-tooth Shell, Inflated Olive Shell, Egg Capsules of ‘Periwinkle, Piece of Tapa Cloth, Chinese Horn Nut, Yellow Coral, Campaign Badge, Satin Spar, Peanut or Rope Shell, Gum Pine, Dove Shell, Leaf from Japanese Book, Thorny-nosed Murex, Scaphites nodosus, Precious Coral, 3 Cassia Beans, Fiddler Crab, Egg of Red-winged Blackbird, Beetle, Lynx Cowry. Japanese Eburna, Pelican’s Foot Shell, Liver Bean, Piece of Mexican Pottery, Copper-Stained spec. of Calcite Stalactite, Valve of Radiated Scallop Shell, Branch Coral, W. I., Sertularia, Piece of Sea Fern. Price $1.00. If sent prepaid 15 cents must be sent to pay for same otherwise it goes by express at pur- chasers expense. SPEC1AL:—Until June Ist I will send one of the above collections prepaid for ONLY 40 CTS. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. The Student’s Shell Collection. This Collection contains Forty Small Shells collected from all quarters of the Globe. all of which are numbered to correspond with a cat- alogue, which gives their proper, common and scientific names, with the locality where found. These shells when purchased individually and properly labelled would cost from 2 to 25 cents each. The following are the specimens found in this collection: Scorched Murex, Thorny-nosed Murex, Fish Basket, Gem Shell, Inflated Olive, Lettered Olive, Rice, Dove, Thunder Storm, Pelican’s Foot, Ringed Cowry, Snake-head Cowry,Money Cowry, Rye, Porcelain Rump, Boat, Worm, Brown Snail, Yellow Pea. Beaded Tower, Tow- er, Bloody Tooth, White Tooth, Zebra, Wheel. Venetian Snail, Key-hole Limpet, Many-lined Bulimuius, Hunch backed Partula, Black- mouthed Tree Snail. Banded Tree Snail, Little Agate, Silk Worm, Pea Nut, Banded Melam- pus, Indian Wampum, Angel Wing, Sun, Scal- lop and Jingle: Price $1.00. If sent prepaid 6 cents must be added to pay postage on same—otherwise it will go by ex- press at purchaser’s expenses. SPECIAL:—Until June ist will send one of the above collections prepaid for ONLY 31 CTS. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. Bye THE 7 NEW Ro W563 /284 5S RMMLAMELASUALLCLMCAM IMAL LLMALEAL The lamp that doesn’t flare up or smoke, or cause you to use bad language; the lamp that looks good /» when you get it and stays good; the lamp that you Me never willingly part with, once you have it; that’s Che Dew Rochester. Other lamps may be offered you as “just as good ” —they may be, in some respects, but for all around goodness, there’s only one. offered you is genuine, look for the name on it: every New Rochester lamp has it. We make oil stoves too, just as good as the lamps3 in fact, anything in oil or gas fixtures. THE ROCHESTER LAMP Co., 38 Park Place and 33 Barclay St., New York. The Lamp of Steady Habits To make sure the lamp MAAAAACUAVAAAAAAAUAUAAAUAAAAA AOA MOAMATAEAMADEA TAAL THE OOLOGIST. BARGAINS IN BOOKS FOR THE NATURALIST. I have them by the thousand and offer below many very rare and desirable titles at prices way below actual value. Of most I have only single sets or copies. 19 All are new or good as new unless otherwise stated. Prices are by mail, express or freight at purchaser’s expense —will ship cheapest way. Money returned at my expense if books wanted are sold. Prices good un- til June 1, 1900 only. After that date, write first. Remit in most convenient way. Address plainly and in full FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, ORLEANS CO.,N. Y. Allen, A Monograph of the Bats of North ANIMOTI GAS ISD OS lessee cas ee esse eee $ 1 40 Bendire, Life Histories of North Ameri- ean Birds. Rare and almost unobtain- able. Only afew vols. on the market atany price. Vol. I, $9; vol. II, 750, OLIDOLNEVOIS! ee oe ee Brown, Atlas of Fossil Conchology with descriptions and illustrations. 98full page tinted steel plates containing 3500 figures. Hoval 4to. London, 1889. ($20.00) new.. be Chapman, Frank M, Us Handbook O ‘the Birds of Eastern North America. ........ Cope, The Batrachia of North America, BOP eOO Peg fiercest oes ee nese Cope, Vertebrata of Tertiary Formations, 4howl04s pe ts4 ple aie ee Coues, Field and General Ornithology—A Manual of ths Structure and Classifi- cation of Birds with Instructions for Collecting and Preserving Specimens, SAA yl et Dae reas Sie Eee ED oe PL Dana, Manual of Geology, Ist ed., 800p; over 1000figs (85), 1.45; 2d ed.,............... Davie, Methods in the Art of Taxidermy, (810), now out of print and publishers supply exhausted, will soon be very Donaldson, The George Catlin Indian Gal- lery with Memoir and Statistics, 940p, 144p] and maps (8.50)........... -------.-------- Goss, Col. N. S., History of the Birds of Kansas (7.50), new and lasted.............. Headley, Structure and Life of Birds, AN PAO, Tekiee, sO a ine eae Te eI Ingersoll, E., Birds’ Nesting (1.25)...... -..... JARDINE’S (Sir William) NATURALISTS Library. Post 8vo. Each volume con- tains 200 to 350p and about 30 plates engraved on steel and colored from nature, also many wood cuts, original -set cost $50. Have just received a broken set in poor condition, loose in covers &c. Text and plates, however, in clean and fair condition. Edin- burgh, 1835-1840. I have: Ichthyology (Fish), 4 vols., lot only.. -.... The Hummingbirds, 2 vols., lot -............ Jones, Cassell’s Book of Birds, four vols., 1250p, 400 large ills., 40 col. pl., 89 col. Jordan and Gilbert, synopsis of the Fishes of North America, 1018p .. Kingsley,Popular Natural History,A Des- cription of Animal Life from theLow est Forms Up to Man, 2 vols, 728p, 507 ills., many pl., Boston ’90...... ......... 16 00 8 00 2 35 2 35 CW) wt or 1 20 1 99 Lesquereaux, Cretaceous and Tertiiary Floras, 4to, 295pp, 60pl............-- --------- Maynard, The Butterflies of New Eng- land, 4 to,76p, 10 hand col. pl. showing 250 life size specimens, rare, valuable, CONE CON Cen 0) Erba ramen Maan a SA Sh ee eae ik Morris, Nest and Eggs of British Birds, 2vol., 154 colored plates, 1859...... .....:... Mcllwrath, Thomas, Birds of Ontario ($2) Nature, Vol. XXXI to XXXIV, unbound, COSE S124 foc on 1s. Nees rie eh Ornithological and Natural History Pub- cations, can furnish back No’s of al- most anything published in America durlng the past 25 years. Write wants Pennsylvania State 2d Geological Sur- vey, 38 vols. cloth, many plates, maps, figs., &c., thousands of nages, $35....... Ridgway. Ornithology of Illinois, vol. I, SLOP TSSP Le 1 SEO eee a aaa ae ones ann Scudder, Nomenclator Zoologicus (An Alphabetical list of all Generic names employed by Naturalists for Recent and Fossil Animals from _ earliest tIMlES! TOM8S80) 5-716 pe eee Scudder, Tertiary Insects of North Amer ICAP ALOE OAD SOD lees ne ee eee ee - Shufeldt, M. D., R. W., Scientific Taxid- ery for Museums, 71 full page plates GO DAGES COR Dieses He ee ae ee ie ee Ae SS Smithsonian Reports, 43 vols. from 1853 COMBS9SSTTCTUS Tivie eee eee eae eee ean nee Stegneger, Poisonous Snakes of North America, 144p, 19pl, 7Ofig.........-.-2...-....- Studer’s Birds of North America. 200p, eA col. pl., imp. 4to; full Morrocco, (BAS) eee Gai sta Ae ae saute ee eae ‘Z Vennor, Our Birds of Prey, or the Eagles, Hawks and Owls of eran 30 uaptee photograph plates, ($12.00) _. y Whitlock, The Migration of Birds, 140p 97 Wilson, Study of Prehistoric Anthropol- ogy, Hand Book for Beginners, 76p, QOPI 28 Cie eo SS A ete tee orc oN Wilson, Prehistoric Art. VENDING to stud- ents, S40 ps4 plea S20 fl Cyaan penne Wood, Animate Creation. Revised and adopted to American Zoology by Hold- er, 60 parts, complete, 30 page ole- ographs, 60 plates and profusely illus- trated, ($15) Ridgway, Hummingbirds, 132p, 46pl, 47fig FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION,-N. Y. Special discounts on large orders. 2 10 5 20 2 90: 6 00 1 90 Lattin’s Standard Catalogue of North American Birds Kggs, Enlarged (contains 72 pages) revised, corrected and brought up to date of going to press— March, 1896. Giving all of the new A. O. U. changes and additions. into orders, sub-orders, families and sub-families. Single copy 10 cents; 3 for 25 cents. rf Also divided and subdivided: 80 THE OOLOGIST Special Bargains in Shells and Fossils. MITRIDA. Twenty-two (22) species, 44 specimens. List value $455. My price prepaid only $1.70. VOLUTA. Twenty (20) species. 25 specimens, containing virelens. harpa, hor- nis, cumminggt and 16 others. List value $28.20. My price only $8.40 prepaid. OLIVID. Forty-nine (49) species, 94 specimens, comprising maura, porphy- ria, duclosiana, musteliina, bulbiformis and 45 others. Regular price $1160. My price $3.40, prepaid. CONIDZ. Fifty-six (56) species, 70 specimens. Jmperialis, betulinus. figul- anus, cardinalis nanus and 51 others are in this collection. Regular price $20.45. My price only $7.40, prepaid. CYPREIDZ. Thirty-two (82) species, 40 specimens. Specimens of note are Mappa, spadicea, stercoraria, ventriculus and 28 others. Regular price $9.05. My price only $3.35, prepaid. UNIONID2.—One hundred and thirty-four (1384) species (American) 450 speci- mens. All fresh live specimens. Worth at regular prices fully $100. Will send the entire collection prepaid for only $28.40. RARE OLD SILVER COINS of Great Britain.—A collection of 50 pieces from the reign of Henry II (1154) to that of Victoria. The collection contains coins minted during the reigns of twenty-two (22) ot Great Britain’s monarchs. The collection lists about $55.00, will sell as a whole for $22.50 prepaid. FOSSIL COLLECTION. A specially selected collection of Fossils for school used to I sell at $100. One hundred (100) species and about 500 specimens ranging in value from 5c. to $1.00 each. A very select and very valuable collection and is largely composed of Fossil Corals, all carefully labeled and prepared, and well worth $100. My price $33.50 prepaid. I have another collection similar to above put up to sell at $50.00, 100 species and about 200 specimens which I will send prepaid for only $15.75. MOUND BUILDER’S RELICS. We have hundreds of ordinary arrow and spear heads and a few of the more common pieces such as sinkers, drills, scrap- ers, &c, but have very few of the rare and desirable ones. The following we offer at about one-half regular prices: Pipe from Brant Co., Ont., a very choice speci- men, $4.90, prepaid; another from same locality of amore common and unat- tractive form, $1.60, prepaid; Slate Pendant from Waterloo Co., Ont.. prepaid, 55cts; Hematite Celt from Van Buren Co., Ark., prepaid, only $1.20. Ordin- ary Stone Axe from Cumberland Co., N. J., prepaid, $1.30. I also have the contents of a cache from Rowan Co., N. ©., consisting of about 400 unnotched arrow or spearheads of uniform size and form, about 24 long, will sell as a whole very reasonable. : NEPTUNE’S CUP or Vase Sponge, Paterion, from Tasmania. An odd and curious specimen worth from $15 to $20, and we have never offered this specimen for less than $10 prepaid. It measures 24 in. high and the vase portion is 12 in. in diam. It goes prepaid for only $7.60. SPANISH CROSS inlaid with straw from an ancient church in Jemez, New Mex. Curio dealers would ask $5.00 for it, but it’s yours prepaid for $1.65. AN EGYPTIAN IDOL, carved from stone or lava 1000 or more years ago, rep- resents an elephant or some other animal, measures about 4x24} in. Secured by a missionary acquaintance from a mummy pit in Egypt and guaranteed genuine. Prepaid only $3.15. LARGE CORALS. 1 specimen of the Plate Brain Coral, Meandrina clivosa, from Bahamas measuring 22 in. in long diameter (16 in. short) worth $10; one of true Brain Coral, Meandrina cerebriformis, 11 in. diam. worth $5.00; one specimen of Pineapple Coral, Perites astre@oides, 10 in. diam. worth $3.00, will send the three specimens prepaid for onlv $8.60. Address FRANK H. LATTIN, Publisher, Albion, N. Y. THE OGLOGIST. A MONTHLY PUBLICATION DEVOTED TO OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. VOL. XVII. NO. 6. ALBION, N. Y., JUNE, 1900. WHOLE No. 167 Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ ‘‘“Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department for 25c per 25 words. Notices over 25 words, charged at the rate of one-half cent per each additional word. Nonotice inserted for less than 25c. Terms, cash with order. Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-third list rates. What’s Your Number? Examine the number following your name on the wrapper of this month’s OOLOGIST. It denotes when your subscription expired or will expire. No. peor subscription expires with this issue 17 be ia) we uf ; ; is Sept: 1900 1 “6 ‘ ‘ ‘ ec. “cc 175 Us oe “« Feb., 1901 180 oot ce 66 “cc July, Intermediate numbers can easily be deter- mined. If we have you credited wrong we wish to rectify. EXCHANGE.—For eggs in sets or singles; new 3%x3% Camera, Spectrascope; Eggs in sets. ERNEST H. SHORT, Albion, N. Y. HAVE you got Nowell’s Collector's Tool for this season’s work? If not, send 90 cents to J. R, NOWELL, Portman, S. C. and receive one by return mail. WANTED.—Coues’ Key or Ridgeway’s Man- ual, latest edition, good as new. State lowest cash price. A. E. PRICE, Grant Park, Ils. TO EXCHANGE for fine sets: One hundred species as 134a, 151, 187, 222, 277a, 288, 293, 325, 326, 3387a, 342, 355, 362, 419, 487, etc. Send for complete list enclosing yours. J. M.& JAMES J. CARROLL, Waco, Texas. FOR SALE.—2 Bear Cubs. Fine healthy little fellows, will be about two months old when this ad. appears. 1 Brown, 1 Cinamon. CHRIS. P. FORGE, Carman, Man. FOR SALE:—Eggs with nests and without, also have sets of cigarette buttons among which are Flags of Nations, Seals, Noted Men and others. Send for lists. Address. GEO. W. THOMPSON, Jamaica Plain, Mass. AFTER September 10th I shall be able to Offer skins of birds from this locality for the commoner eastern species. J. O. SNYDER, Stanford University, California. FOR EXCHANGE.—The following well mounted birds, Nos. 1, 375, 581e, 567a, 534, 535, 515, 652, 417, 412, also Vol. III of Nidologist, stamp collection and climbers for mounted birds, golf clubs, or eggs in sets. WM. HASTMAN, 478 Lebanon St., Melrose, Mass. A FINE Cream Colored variety of the Mar- bled Godwit. Well mounted skins of Manito- bia birds and bird’s eggs. CHRIS. P. FORGE, Carman, Man. WANTED.—Nos. 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, Vol. I of Nidologist; Nos. 2-4, Vol. lof Osprey. Liberal price paid. GUY O. RICH, M. D., Toy Build- ing, Sioux City, Iowa. BARGAINS.—Snapping Turtle 1-17 2-28 1-29 1-41, Red-leg Turtle 1-5 3-6 2-7 2-8 2-9. Price 3 cents per egg, prepaid. All first Class, data. JAS. O, JOHNSON, Southington, Conn. WANTED.—One skin each of Snowy Heron, Louisiana Heron and Reddish @gret of this season’s collecting. F. M. RICHARDS, Farm- ington, Maine. FIELD or MARINE GLASS:—New, worth $10, extension hood, case and shoulder strap, ‘“Jumelle’ make. Willsend prepaig for only $5.90. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. FOR SALE.—Red-shouldered Hawk 1-3, 50c; American Crow 3-6, 24¢; Blue Jay 2-6, 24c; Com- mon Tern 1-3, 14¢c; Song Sparrow 1-4, 8c; Flick- er 1-5, 12c; Sunas Hummingbird n-2,75c; Black- chinned Hummingbird n-2, 75¢c; Wood Thrush 4-4, 10¢c; Spotted Sandpiper 2-4, 24c; Green Her- on 1-4 24¢c, 1-5 30c: Bronzed Grackle 1-4, 16c. The above prices are per set. Prepaid at price. JAS. O. JOHNSON, Southington, Conn. WANTED :—Skeletons and Skulls, all kinds, in rough and mounted, Bird and Mammal Skins, Reptiles and Batrachians in alcohol or formalin. Desire correspondents in all parts of United States, Mexico 7and Canada. Back numbers of papers on Natural History and sci- entific books wanted. Offerin exchange fifty species finely prepared invertebrates in forma- lin, eastern bird skins. ete. Correspondence solicited. F. P. DROWNE, 20 Benefit St,, Providence, R. I. HEAR YE! Hear Ye! Hear Ye! This is to certify that my advertisements in the OOLO- GIST have paid me better than have the com- bined ads. in most of the amateur and natural science papers. Ads. in the OOLOGIST always bring returns, and it is safe to say that there is no paper having three times the circulation of this widespread periodical which can give equal satisfaction. MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich. 82 THE OOLOGIST. WANTED:—Eggs in sets with nests of all Warblers, Waders, Vireos and Thrushes. Send list of what you have and cash or ex- change price. Send 10c for large illustrated catalog. CHAS.K.REED, 75 Thomas St., Wor- cester, Mass. TAXIDERMIST’S OUTFIT:—Contains one heavy Cartilage Knife; 1 nickeled and engray- ed Scalpel with tip Shaped for detaching skin, muscles, &c; 1 pair Scissors; 1 pair Forceps; 1 Dissecting Hook;1 Brain Spoon; 1 pocket Wire Cutter. Instruments best, all packed in polished Hard-wood Case. A detter outfit than the one always sold at $3. I have only four outfits and will close them out at only $2.20 prepaid. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. TAXIDERMIST’S COLLECTING GUN. Made to order. Cost me $12.50 and expressage as a dealer. Can be readily taken apart in center and carried ‘‘out of sight.’ Takes reg- ulation 45-70 shell. Gun with complete outfit (50 brass shells, 250 primers, 1000 wads, de and re-capper.) All prepaid only $10.50. FRANK, H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. PLATE HOLDER—Double, Camera Co., ($1.00), prepaid 44c. LATTIN, Albion N. Y. C. B. VANDERCOOK, Odin, lis. pays 50c per hundred cash for Star, Horse Shoe, Cross Bow, Good Luck, Drummond's Natural Leaf J. T. tobacco tags. Those painted on under side. Offer expires November 1st. 167 GLASS EYES.—Lot No.1 contains one pair each Nos. 8 and 15 yellow, No. 9 hazel, No. 18 brown (worth 44c), all prepaid 24c. Lot No. 2 contains one pair each No. 19 brown style two (veined) for Bear and Nos. 23 and 24 style four (veined, long pupil and cornered) for Deer (lot worth $1.21). All prepaid, only 76cts. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. 54x54, Blair FRANK H. “SNAPS” for TAXIDERMISTS ET. AL:— Chain and Hooks (25c), 16c; 7in. Stuffers,spring handle (1.25), 80c; Scissor-handle Stuffers, i2in. ($1.75), $1.05; Scissor-handle Stuffer, 15in, ($2.50) $1.60; Bone Cutters, extra fine and heavy,($2.50) $1.60; 38 cal. Wad Cutter, (40c) 22c; Pinning Forceps for Insects ($1.25) 78c; Botanical Col- lecting Can with shoulder strap, size 12x744x34 in. ($1.50) $1.10; Tenaculum or Dissecting Hook, folding in handle ($1) 28ce. All prepaid at prices quoted, regular prices in ( ). FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. WANTED.— Will trade books of all kinds for good matched pairs of ivory Elks teeth or sin- gle teeth; also collections of U. S. stamps bought for cash. Address, HALL N. JACK- SON, 36 W. 6th St., Cincinnati, O. 170 YOUR ATTENTION is called to the great sacrifice sale of the collection of W. A. OLD- FIELD of Deckerville, Mich., formerly of Port Sanilac. This is a great chance to secure some good and rare specimens at low price. See ad. in this issue. U.S. WAR CENT'S and REBELLION TOK- ENS, issued 1861-65, same size as U. S. cent now in use, bearing peculiar designs, ‘‘Union For- ever,” ‘‘Not One Cent for Tribute,’’ etc., etc. Some with merchant’s names. Becoming rare. Will make neat pocket pieces. Boys, you can dispose of these old and curious war cents to your friends at a good profit. Supply limited. While they last will send one by mail postpaid for only 10c; 3 (each one different) for 25 cts. Stamps taken. O. J. SWANDER, Kenton, Hardin Co., Ohio. 171 FOR SALE:—Clutches of European species. White Gryfalecon, Gryfalcon, Merlin, Green Sandpiper, Greenshank, Golden Eagle, Gray Sea Hagle, Kestrel, Sparrow Hawk, Honey Buzzard, Peregrine Falcon. Hobby Egyptian Vulture. Apply, GORTON, 2 Upper Glouces- ter St., Pendleton, England. 171 CODDINGTON MAGNIFIER(Miners’ glass), diameter %%in, cost $1.50, prepaid 95cts; also a 3 lens pocket magnifier in rubber case, only oe prepaid. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, INSECT PINS:—150 best assorted and 3 sheets 3x4x1-16 inch cork. All prepaid, only 20c. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. PALMETTO WORK! Beautiful, durable. Finished with any color satin ribbon. Fans, 40cts, three for $1.00; napkin rings, 20cts, six for $1.00, postpaid. Miss V. V. OHLINGHR, Winter Haven, Florida. WHAT can you Offer in bird skins for fresh skin of young male Great Horned Owlin down? TROY W. EARHART, Elkhart, Ind. WANTED :—Voi: 2 of ‘‘Birds,” unbound. Offer in exchange set of 4 Marsh Hawk’s eggs. Address, THEODORE B PARKER, 36 Beau- mont Ave., Newtonville, Mass . SKATE EGG, 3c; fossil tooth large, 10c; 15 choice curiosities, 12c; 100 seashells, 12¢; horse- shoe crab, 10c; shark egg, 5c; periwinkle egg case 5c; 5 relics, 15e. Price list, 1 reiic, 25 sea shells and a Big Red claw, all for 10c. W. P. ARNOLD, Peacedale, R.:1. COLLECTION of Eggs'for Exchange:—Sets of 16, 127, 194. 360a, 376, 381, 429, 430, 431, 460, 462, 466, 471, 482, 487, 486, 487, 505a, 620, 633a, 707a, 708, OM 71a. LEE CHAMBERS, Santa Monica, Ol. TO EXCHANGE :—2 Black Walnut, glass top egg cases, 34x26 and 18x22 inches respec- tively, made especially for eggs. For eggs in sets or old varieties of U.S. stamps. No pos- er cards answered. J. NEWTON, Unionville. onn, EXCHANGERS;—You are hereby invited to send in your list of duplicate singles and sets, on receipt of same, I willmail you my list of singles and sets from which you may select, and you will be astonished at the prices I will give inexchange. Assist me by sending me your list and I wlll do the rest. ED KASCH, Lockhart, Texas WANTED:—Good second-hand Ridgway’s Manual or Coues’ Key, also collecting gun for lowest terms in cash. Address, M. M.MYERS, Box 345, Cripple Creek, Colo. EXCHANGE:—Bird skins, all in good con- dition, collected last year, including Great Horned, Pigmy and Short-eared Owls, Western Red-tail Hawk, Whistling Swan, ete. Lists. AUSTIN COOPER, Nicomin, B. C. Canada. WANTED: —Circulars and samples of mail order goods retailing from 5dcts to 25cts. Mean De O. J. SWANDER, Kenton, Hardin 0., Ohio. 50 different sets, all complete, full data; also a few Indian arrow Points. Will exchange for Al bicycle or sell cheap. J. D. PARKER, Dan- ville. Knox Co., Ohio. TEN Different first class Tennessee eggs, two nests and a complete set of 3-5 eggs in a third nest for fifty cents. IVAN STEPHENS, Winchester, Tenn. THE OOLOGIST 83 TO EXCHANGE or SELL:—A limited ‘num- ber of nice skins of Columba squamosa, Geo- trygon montana, Columbigalina passernia, Falco dominicensis, Melanerpes Porto Ricen- sis, Tyranus dominicensis, Pitangus taylori, Myiarchus antillarum, Lampornio dominicen- sis, Quiscolis brachypterus, Icterus Porto Ricensis, Crotophaga ani, Loxigilla Porto Ricensis, Euthia bicolor, Euthia bryanti,Coer- ba Porto ricensis, Deudroicae ruficapilla, Vir- eo calidrio, Mimocichla ardosiacea and others. Nests and sets of Euthia bicolor and Coerba Porto Ricensis or choice sets with nest. B. S. BOWDISH, San Juan, Peurto Rico. FOR SALE:—No exchange. The following duplicate sets; prices per set: Am. Eared Grebe 1-3, 12c; Swainson’s Hawk 2-3, 30c; Am. Long-eared Owl 1-4, 30c; Desert Sparrow Hawk 1-3, 830c; Spotted Sandpiper 2-4, 15c; Bendire’s Thrasher 1-3, 50c; Starling 1-5, 25; Lapwing 1-4, 25e; Blue-winged Warbler 1-4, $1.65; Pinon day 1-4, 1.70; Large-billed Puffin 1-1, 20c; Lesser Scaup Duck 1-12, $2.00; Baldpate Duck 1-11, $2.00; Red-tailed Hawk 1-3, 45c. Will sell the lot for $8.00. A.M. MACALIS!ER, Care Mer- cury Office, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Have you tried my process of Rapid Taxidermy? If not you will be gratified by a big surprise. There is money to be made by the preservation of specimens for the market or tke school, par- lor, office and den. Any boy, girl or sportsman may learn this method at the first attempt,and decorate the trophies and birds of the neigh- borhood. The cost is next to nothing, and when several go in and work together, there is no cost. You may make money in any town or the country. On receipt of $1.00 cash or stamps I will send the complete printed instructions to mount Birds, Mammals, Heads, etc., and one pound of the Preservative, ready prepared for the work; together with complete directions for dressing skins with the hair on, for rugs, robes and hangings, and in addition I will make the extra inducement of offering the for- mula for making the Preservative Compound, With the privilege of selling the same. The process will be exchanged for $3.00 worth of stamps, or for other exchange. What have you to offer? Address MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich. What Did I Do? I sent H. W. KERR, Publisher of the NATURALIST, (Farm) and FANCIERS REVIEW $1.00 for FIVE YEARS sub- scription and FIVE 25 word Exchange Notices and I recommend it to YOU. Its Natural History Department edited by Isador S. Trostler of Omaha, Neb. is in need of your Attention, not to say but what the the Belgian Hare, Poultry, Pigeon and Pet Stock Departments are all leaders. July 1st this offer expires and subscription advanced to 50cper year. Sample copy free. Ad. Rates based on actual issue. Address, H. W. KERR, Pubr., Blencoe, lowa. BOOKS I have thousands of volumes relatin to Natural History. Incase I’veoffere anything during the past year which you can use piease favor me with list of wants and allow me to quote ‘“SPEC- IAL”’ prices. All must be sold. Your attention is particularly called to my Book Lists in the June-July and October (pages 142 148) 1899 OoLoGisTs. If ’ve anything left which you want or can use I would be pleased to be in- formed of the fact ana will endeavor to see that the matter of ‘‘price’’ will not be a barrier in making a transfer. Frank H. Lattin, Publisher of Odtoaist, Albion, N. Y. Have you seen THE BITTERN? The June number contains an illustrated article by P. B. Peabody; also an article by Morris Gibbs. Better send a stamp to GLEN M. HATHORN, 1600 E. Avenue, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, forasample copy. Yon will never regret it. THE COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB Has published three-fourths of the most inter- esting descriptions of the nests and eggs or rare species of the West, which have been printed during the past six years, including the Hermit Warbler, Western Evening Gros- beak, White throated Swift,California Vulture, etc., etc. It is now publishing “THE CONDOR” Formerly the BULLETIN of the COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB. A crisp and breezy 16 to 24 page bi-monthly bird journal, illustrated as required. The arti- cles are all from field workers and have a ring which enthuses the live ornithologist. The only Bird Magazine devoted solely to the Or- nithology of the Great West. Always out on time! You want it! Subscription $1 a year. Sample copy, 20c. For sample, address C. BARLOW, Editor-in- chief, Santa Clara, Cal. Subscriptions to DON- Cait A. COHEN, Business Manager, Alameda, al. Subscription may commence with No. | (Jan- tary, 1899.). 84 THE OOLOGIST. BARGAINS IN BOOKS FOR THE NATURALIST. I have them by the thousand and offer below many very rare and desirable titles at prices. ‘way below actual value. Of most I have only single sets or copies. All are new or good as new unless otherwise stated. Prices are by mail, express or freight at purchaser’s expense—will ship cheapest way. Money returned at my expense if books wanted are sold. Prices good un- til Jume 1, 1900 only. After that date, write first. Remit in most convenient way. Address plainly and in full Special discounts on large orders. FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, ORLEANS CO.,N.Y. Allen, A Monograph of the Bats of North America 198p,/s8pl.-- $ 1 40 Bendire, Life Histories of North Ameri- can Birds. Rare and almost unobtain- able. Only afew vols. on the market atany price. Vol. I, $9; vol. II, «750, ORJDOLHEV.Ol Sie 6. 222s La ee es Brown, Atlas of Fossil Conchology with descriptions and illustrations. 98 full page tinted steel plates containing 3500 figures. Royal 4to. London, 1889. ($20:00) News). 35. eee ‘Chapman, Frank M., A Handbook of the Birds of Eastern North America......... Cope, :'The Batrachia of North America, S20 p cOpls tO fia ee ee Cope, Vertebrata of Tertiary Formations, 4to, 1043p, 134p1 Coues, Field and General Ornithology—A Manual of the Structure and Classifi- cation of Birds with Instructions for Collecting and Preserving Specimens, Bd4 peel hoes Se aa eer Dana, Manual of Geology, 1st ed., 800p; over 1000figs ($5), 1.45; 2d ed.,............... Davie, Methods in the Art of Taxidermy, ($10), now out of print and publishers supply exhausted, will soon be very Donaldson, The George Catlin Indian Gal- lery with Memoir and Statistics, 940p, 144p] and maps (38.50)........2...2..... 0-2-2... ‘Goss, Col. N. S., History of the Birds of Kansas (7.50), new and lasted............. Headley, Structure and Life of Birds, ChPaoh Ckebalrer 3 kot s een erar Wes a Ingersoll, E., Birds’ Nesting (1.25)...... _..... JARDINE’S (Sir William) NATURALISTS Library. Post 8vo. Each volume con- tains 200 to 350p and about 30 plates engraved on steel and colored from nature, also many wood cuts, original set cost $50. Have just received a broken set in poor condition, loose in covers &c. Text and plates, however, in clean and fair condition. Edin- burgh, 1835-1840. I have: Ichthyology (Fish), 4 vols., lot only.. ..... The Hummingbirds, 2 vols., lot .............. Jones, Cassell’s Book of Birds, four vols., 1250p, 400 large ills., 40 col. pl., 89 col. Jordan and Gilbert, synopsis of the Fishes of North America, 1018p Kingsley,Popular Natural History,A Des- cription of Animal Life from theLow est Forms Up to Man, 2 vols, 728p, 507 ills,, many pl., Boston ’90 16 00 8 00 2 35 2 35 3 20 2 25 1 90 4 25 110 4 25 1 70 80 1 20 1 90 Lesquereaux, Cretaceous and Tertiiary Floras, 4to, 295pp, 60pl.............. -....... z Maynard, The Butterflies of New Eng- land, 4 to,76p, 10 hand col. pl. showing 250 life size specimens, rare, valuable, OUUOIS prin ty ee ee ¥ Morris, Nest and Eggs of British Birds, 2vol., 154 colored plates, 1859...... ......... MelIlwrath, Thomas, Birds of Ontario (82) Ornithological and Natural History Pub- cations, can furnish back No’s of al- most anything published in America durlng the past 25 years. Write wants Pennsylvania State 2d Geological Sur- vey, 38 vols. cloth, many plates, maps, figs., &c., thousands of nages, $35...__.. Ridgway, Ornithology of Illinois, vol. I, BZOp oo Des SSO ae eee eee eee Scudder, Nomenclator Zoologicus (An Alphabetical list of all Generic names employed by Naturalists for Recent and Fossil Animals from earliest times to 1880), 716p......-...... 2. ..2....22.--- Scudder, Tertiary Insects of North Amer ica, 4to, 734p, 28p1...-..... -...-..--2222eee2 cones - Shufeldt, M. D., R. W., Scientific Taxid- ermy for Museums, 71 full page plates Gr pages, textile ee 5 Smithsonian Reports, 43 vols. from 1853 LOY ARCS Jay nbaVCMADASH YS) es ee Stegneger, Poisonous Snakes of North America, 144p, 19pl, 70fig.........-.--...-..--- Studer’s ‘Birds of North America. 200p, ee col. pl., imp. 4to; full Morrocco, (645) Se ASB eee eee ee = Vennor, Our Birds of Prey, or the Eagles, Hawks and Owls of Canada, 30 large photograph plates, ($12.00) Whitlock, The Migration of Birds, 140p ad f (pee SPOR RU oe BN he RE Cl oa Wilson, Study of Prehistoric Anthropol- ogy, Hand Book for Beginners, 76p, QOp i 28 Chips ee eee Wilson, Prehistoric Art. valuable to stud- ents, 3840p, 74pl., 325fig......-....22..22.-eeee Wood, Animate Creation. Revised and adopted to American Zoology by Hold- er, 60 parts, complete, 30 page ole- ographs, 60 plates and profusely illus- trated: (015) = eS eee Ridgway, Hummingbirds, 1382p, 46pl, 47fig FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. 2 10 5 20 2 90 6 00 1 90 Lattin’s Standard Catalogue of North American Birds Eggs, Enlarged (contains 72 pages) revised, corrected and brought up to date of going to press— Maich, Jee. into orders Gving all of the new A. O. U. changes and additions. sub-ordrs, families and sub-families. Single copy.10 cents; 3 for 25 cents. Also divided and subdivided ~ THE OGLOGIST. VOL. XVII. NO. 6. ALBION, N. Y., JUNE, 1900. WHOLE No. 167 THE OOLOGIST. A Monthly Publication Devoted to OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. FRANK H.LATTIN, Editor and Publisher, ALBION, N. Y. Correspondence and items of interest to the eundent of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited from all. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: Single subscription.....0.....e0ecee50¢ per annum Sample copies...... Weeisaceier cietleneiisi ie OCCAck 'The above rates include payment of postage. Each subscriber is given a card good for a Want, Exchange or For Sale Notice. (This card is redeemable at any time within one year from date thereon.) 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There are no hum- drum features in the study of nature. There are constant features of change, and surprises await us constantly as we wander on in our researches. Most of the Warblers make their nests of fine materials, grass, rootlets. strippings. from wood-stalks and bark, and lining with soit cottony substances Some, as the Redstart and Blackburnan Warb- lers construct durable homes in the crotches of trees, the latter sometimes placing its nest as much as fifty feet from the ground. Others, as the Gold- en-wing Warbler,construct loosely built nests and on or near the ground in shoots or grass. It is almost a rule that these nesis which are placed on the ground are poor in comparison with those which are situated in the branches. This is simply a matter of requirement. Many of the Sparrows employ grass in the construction of their nests and I know several that rarely use anything else. Others, and more particularly the larger ones, use twigs, roots and other materials in combination, as I have found the nest of the Rose-breasted Grosbeak, though this species frequent- ly constructs such a thin affair that the eggs may be seen and counted through the bottom of the nest. The Chipping Sparrow is a well known specialist in its use of the long hair from horse tails, and so well known in this habit that the little bird is called the Hair bird. This Sparrow makes its home near to the abode of man, and thus has the power to gratify its penchant for horse hair, and in all of my trips I have only met 86 ; THE OOLOGIST with two nests without the Jining of horse hair These exceptions were lined with very fine rootlets, while the bulk of the nest was built as in other cases. The little bird sometimes makes quite long trips for the lining, and it is an in- teresting sight to watch one gather and transport a long hair. At times there are as many as seven hairs in the lining of a nest, but again but one ortwo. But whether there are two or a half dozen, the hairs are always nicely laid in layers about the sides and bottom, and are smoothed and arranged in a manner superior to anything that man could possibly do. Of course this habit of lin- ing the nest with horse hair is an inno- vation in the bird’s methods, for before the introduction of the horse on this continent the Chipping Sparrow de- pended on other materials. This spec- ies, aS with nearly, if not all other birds is affected by civilization; and if we study the matter we shall find that civi- lization produces change in many ways on nearly all birds and mammals. The Vireos are very interesting in nest construction and the Red-eye isthe most pronounced in its predilection for presenting news in the form of bits torn from printed matter. Itis not uncom- mon for the Red-eyed Vireo to attach torn bits of newspaper to the sides of its swaying pensile nest, and these frag- ments sometimes contain pertinent items of news. The nests of the Crows and BlueJays are bulky, compact structures, the lat- ter being lined with fine roots nicely ar- ranged in a smooth wall. That malign- ed creature, the Shrike or butcher as he is commonly called on account of its habits, which same have been greatly exagerated, builds a warm and compact nest, lining the same with wool and feathers so that its early brood will not suffer from the cold. | The Chimney Swift constructs its nest entirely of twigs, of very even size as to length and diameter, and glues them together and to the sides of the chim- ney, or boards when in a barn, which variation occasionally occurs, or to the interior of hollow trees as they formerly nested, and which is still rarely seen. This glue is supplied by the bird, it be- ing secreted from a gland or glands just insidethem outh. It is very tenacious in its use as a cement and holds the struct- ure in place with rare exceptions. This glutinous substance is said to be similar to the mucilaginous material secreted by the species known as the edible (bird’s nest) Swallow, which is really a Swift, and not a Swallow, we are in- formed. This material secreted by the Chimney Swift, though small in quant- ity, is undoubtedly nutritious, but whether it is possessed of the delectable flavor that is found in that of the orien- tal species has not been determined by any Observer in America, or at least not written of. A little bird,the Prairie Horned Lark, well known to observers, but rarely seen by those who do not study our birds, builds a warm nest in the early spring. And well it may make an effort to keep its eggs warm, as the clutch is frequent- ly deposited before the storms of early April have ceased, and not rarely the nest is surrounded by snow. The nest is composed of roots and grasses and warmly lined. This lining takes the form of wool when the nest is in a field near to a flock of sheep. Again the eggs are protected by a lining of fine weed stalks and hair. But notwith- standing the efforts of the birds, the nest was frequently found to be damp and cold. However, the eggs were warm, kept so by the steady application of the bird’s incubating breast. Among the starlings we find that the preference is for grass in the case of the Meadow Lark and some Orioles and Blackbirds. The Bronzed Grackle var- ies its nesting habit; generally building a structure resembling the Robin’s, but often selecting the hollows in stumps THE OOLOGIST. 87 where more available, which makes the task of rearing the young less difficult. ’ For birds are very thoughtful and are always ready to takeadvantage of bene- fits in the way of extra security for their breed. The Meadow Lark builds out in the field among the tussocks of grass, but generally constructs a canopy over the top of its home which helps to con- ceal the white, pink-spotted eggs. The Bobolink uses grasses and fine roots, and in my estimation conceals its nest more completely than does any other bird which builds on the ground, or near to it. Morris Grips, M. D. Kalamazoo, Mich. To be continued. Nests and Eggs. Birds as a rule are quite constant to their choice of positions for their nests, and rarely change materially from se- lected sites.. But this preference fora particular spot or situation is some- times varied, and the changes are inter- esting to note, as it shows the range which a species may take in nesting. One Robin’s nest was built in a corn erib; another on the girth of a barn. One nest was found on thetop of a stump, two feet above the water ofa millpond, andtwenty feet or more from shore. Several Robin’s nests have been found in hollows of stubs, and one ina side-tracked freight car; still another ina chimney. Several have been dis- covered on the ground, and one on the cut ends of old corn stalks. These few exceptions may show the wide range that one species may take. A Chipping Sparrow’s nest was taken from the side ofa large straw stack, and one season I found a nest on a very peculiar situation. It was perhaps built by the same pair of birds, as it was only a few rods from the old straw stack, and was placed in the upper working gear of a self-binder, housed in an old shed on the farm, and con- tained four eggs. One Chickadee’s nest, with eggs was placed on a cross piece in a woodshed nearly in the center of a populous vil- lage. This double departure from a standard was remarkable in this little bird. A Great-crested Flycatcher built in the hollow end of a rail ona fence, and a Kingbird nested ina cavity of a stump, only three feet from the ground. A peculiar place fora Phebe’s nest was on the under side of the ex- posed parts of an overturned tree [not an unusual site in Western New York— Ep. | in a beech and maple woods. An- other of the nests of this species was sit- uated under the eaves after the manner of the Eave Swallow; still others were attached to the cavernous interior of a huge sycamore. Of course this last sit- uation was a common one in an early day, but is now rarely seen since the Pewee has adopted the premises of man and selected the sheds and bridges for its nesting sites. Eave Swallows, as they are now called, formerly built their nests at- tached to the faces of cliffs, yet now they are rarely found in such a position, and I may say that of all the birds known to me that the Eave Swallow is the most constant to one situation. A remarkable instance truly, where a species has changed its habit so radi- cally. Barn Swallows are not nearly so constant, and sometimes vary their habit by building outside like the Eave or Cliff Swallows. Chimney Swifts not rarely build in the gables of barns, and still occa- sionally in the huge hollows of the giant sycamores as they did before the advent of the white man. The Night- hawk, another insect feeder, has modi- fied its habits, and occasionally nests on the gravelled roofs of the city stores. This custom was quite common for sey- eral seasons in Kalamazoo. The Wood- 88 THE OOLOGIST. - peckers are quite constant, and I do not recall any variation excepting in the ease of the common Flicker, which in time of necessity will resort to any cavity in stump or building. The Warbler family is quite constant, and the only variation, and in no sense remarkable, was when a pair of Yellow Warbiers built a nest in a currant bush in a garden far removed from the gen- erally selected quarters, and only one foot from the ground. Neither do the vireos vary in situation to any degree, yet I have found the nests of both the Yellow-throated and Red-eyed at heights of from two to forty-five feet from the ground. — A Song Sparrow’s nest fifteen feet up, and a OJDickcissel’s structure over twenty, are instances showing how generally low builders will take arise. A Towhee has been known to build in a bush, and as this case, as well as the one with the Song Sparrow were late dates, it has occurred to me that the birds might have been robbed the first attempt, and so tried more elevated quarters forthe second trial. When we consider that more than one third of the birds of America nest on the ground or just above it, it seems aston- ishing that the birds maintain their pos- ition as well as they do. It is not rare to find the structures of ground nesters built in bushes in the latter part of the nesting season, and I cannot but think that these variations are the result of disturbances in the earlier attempts at nesting. In a suitable spot for Red-wing black- birds and where there was not an abundance of rushes, the birds built in a lot of cut brush and seemed contented, In new land the Bronzed Grackles adopt hollows in dead trees for nesting situations, and I have found scores of eggs in bare hollows as wellas nests built in the hollows, and not a nest built in the regulation manner as usually seen with these birds. A Grass- tions, finch’s nest interwoven with the tops of some vigorous red clover, and about a foot up was a curiosity to me. Another ground-bird, the Spotted Sandpiper, distinguished itself by build- ingonalog. A nest of a Ruffed Grouse was built upon a stump, while a Mourn- ing Dove chose some roots beneath the margin of a gravelly bank. Doctor H.A. Atkins found a nest ofa Sand- hill Crane which was built on a support for hay ina marsh. A Majllard’s nest containing eleven eggs was built ina hollow ofa stuband ten feet up and out in a lake twelve feet from shore. There is but slight variation in the situations chosen by the birds of prey, and of all that I have studied the only one which varies to any extent, is the Great Horned owl. This species nests in the hollows of trees about half the time, and again in the old nests of the Crow or Buzzard Hawk. Some birds will accept almost any kind ofa situation for a nest and the common House Wren will take posses- sion of any cavity that suits its fancy. In that very artistic and correspond- ingly accurate book ‘‘With Nature and a Camera,”’ there are several peculiar instances ofodd situations of nests, together with most interesting illustra- It appears that the Robin Red- breast of England, though a different species from ours is-like it in its varied choice of nesting sites. Allbirds protect their eggs and young from cold and wet, and I have observed the mother bird covering her brood during a storm. At these times the wings are spread out and the rain is kept off to the best ofa bird’s ability. However,it is very often a vain attempt and it must be recorded that Nature’s act often proves more disastrous than the combined forces of man, together with the many other untoward effects. Storms are very destructive to bird life in the months of May, June and July, andespecially soin June, when there THE OOLOGIST. 89 are sO Many young birds in the nests. Some birds, as the Woodpeckers, and others which wisely build in cavities, are practically free from wind and rain, and to an extent from cold; still, this habit does not seem to secure greater - protection to the cavity builders in the long run, as the Woodpeckers do not hold their own any better than the Robin and some others which build ex- posed nests. Not only is the effect of along con- tinued, or heavy rain very severe on the young; tens of thousands being drowned or chilled to death, but an al- 'mostequally destructive measure lies in the visitation of a severe wind. In these cases the birds hatched on the ground have a better chance for their lives than the species which are partial to tree habitations. Hawks aznd owls, and all other large birds are but little affected by the wind as they seem to be able to withstand the effects. Butit is not so with many small birds, and many young and eggs arerolled from the nests in each severe wind storm. There are many birds which build but little better than platforms for their nests, and the eggs and youog are often shaken from the nearly level structures. JI could mention several species which meet with disaster from the wind, but will speak of but one. The small Green-crested Flycatcher constructs a very slightly hollowed nest, and in addition to this apparent lack in judgement, it also selects the extremities of long branches for the at- tachment of its house. It is not sur- prising that the eggs and young are made the sport of the winds. [ fo be continued. | >——~<—<—>—~< Montana Magpies. As several seasons have passed since I did anything in the way of collecting, it has not been my fortune to appear as a contributor to the columns of the OoLoagistT in recent times. This season, however, finds me frequently afield in the wilds of central Montana, and though no rare species have added their treasures to my modest cabinet, a few notes concerning our common Montana birds may be of interest. We collectors generally make mistakes in with-holding our notes regarding com- mon birds, thinking them of little value, and hence many facts upon migration, nesting dates, and other ornithological data, which might be available for another’s use, never see the ight. This article, therefore, does not sim to add largely to the body of information re- lative to the habits of so familiar a Species as the American Magpie, Pica pica hudsonica, but rather to furnish data from from this region, where col- lectors seem to be few and far between. Spring opened unusally early in this region, fully a month earlier than last season. Few traces of vernal vegeta- tion were noticeable here in ’99 before the middle of June; at the date of this writing, May 12th, spring has been reign'ng for several weeks, the trees and bushes are robed in green, and blossoms scent the air. Early in April the songs of Western Meadowlarks and Mountain Song Sparrows began to ren- der the air vocal with melody, and it is needless to say that such attractions were too powerful to fail in drawing me afiield. My first set of Magpie’s eggs was taken on April 21. Other nests con- tained incomplete sets, which were not disturbed, but as this set was found at the close of an afternoon’s tiresome tramp, anda period of rainy weather was threatening, the eight eggs were transferred to my collecting box. The nests inthis locality are all found in dry, bushy ravines or ‘“‘coulees” opening upon the small water-courses. About a mileand ahalf from my homeis a slaughter house, aud within a half mile of this attractive center were from 90 eight to ten pairs of nesting Magpies. All the nests I have examined were in haw trees, with one exception , which was in a low willow. The nest which furnished the set of eight eggs was exceptional in its un- usual size. Its base was nine feet from the ground and was formed of a mass of stout twigs, within which was a basin-shaped layer of reddish clay, somewhat mingled with the twigs. The clay layer was about an inch in thick- ness. A foot ruler, placed over the clay basin, easily rested within the brim in any direction, showing an unusual measurement in Magpie nests, if it could be removed without destroying its form, would with difficulty be con- tained ina clothes basket of average size. In theclay basin was an inner nest, formed of coarse rootlets and a few horsehairs, the cavity being six inches across and two inches deep, re- markable in its shallowness. The in- ner portion of the Magpie’s nest bears a general resemblance to the nest of the Brown Thrasher, and if placed alone in a hedge on a base of small twigs the similarity to the Brown Thrasher’s nest would be striking. Extending up- ward on all sides from the _ twigs, around theclay basin was a loose lat- tice-work of twigs, and over the whole affair was a thick canopy of twigs. There was no noticeable opening for entrance or exit, though in several places the lattice-work was open enough .to admit the owners. The space with- in the latticed sides of this nest was large enough to allow the bird to turn without injury to its long tail feathers, this being the only nest I have ex- amined thus roomy. The nest was started in crotches, and extended to all available supports within a foot or two of it. One branch of the main stem ascended obliquely through the space enclosed by the lattice-work of the nest. Most of the eight eggs showed a trace of incubation. During the examination ‘occasions when I approached. THE OOLOGILST of the nest in the adjacent trees, uttering harsh chattering cries. On April 23rd, while prowling about — in a drizzling rain, I found a Magpie’s nest in a coulee within one. hundred yards of the slaughter-house. One of the birds was on the nest, from which I could see her tail projecting between the latticed side as I drew near the structure. AsI straightened up under. the tree, she flew out with loud chatter, which she kept up while I remained near. There were only three eggs in this nest, so I left them undisturbed and made it a second visit on April 30, expecting to find eight or nine eggs, but found only six eggs inthe comple- ment, incubation begun. The base of this nest was seven feet from the ground, where it was placed among upright haw stems, having the usual basin of reddish clay worked among the basal twigs. ‘The basin was nine inches from brim to brim. The inner nest was near- ly seven inches across, and nearly four inches deep. This nest had a roundish opening on one side, not leading direct- ly into the nest, but entering the thick lattice-work obliquely, and leading the owners flew about — Fi \ along the brim. Even by the use of - this door, though, the bird would gen- erally turn around upon the nest, as she was setting facing the door on both It does not appear that the birds use one open- ing regularly for entrance and an op- posite one for exit, for in all instances where I have found regular openings, the same one was used for both en- trance and exit. ; The second complete set I found con- sisted of nine eggs, incubation well be- gun, April 25th. The base of this nest was ten and ahalf feet from the ground, in a haw ticket. The lower portion of the structure was unusually deep. This nest was also much barrower than other nests examined,the latticed sides rising almost upon the brim of the clay basin, THE OOLOGIST. 91 which was well mixed with the sup- porting twigs. No regular opening for entrance was noticed. The inner nest was made entirely of rootlets. The third complete set, consisting of nine eggs, incubation begun, was taken on April 27th. The base of this nest was 10 feet from the ground. Like others described, it was in a haw tree, with thick canopy and loosely latticed sides. The inner part was seven inches in diameter and five inches deep, made _of rootlets and horsehair, the founda- tion being made in the usual style of Magpie architecture. The female, presumably, was on the nest when I approached it, and remained until I started to climb to an old nest in anad- jacent tree, when she flew out witha loud chatter. While I was examining the nest, the other bird, whichI took for the male, alighted near the nest with a large grub or caterpillar in his bill; butseeing the situation, he gulp- _ed down the morsel and joined his pro- tests to those of his mate. In the same coulee, on the same after- noon, Ifound a nest containing seven eggs. Not being able to see the con- tents of this nest fully on account of its depth and the thickness of the surround- ing sides, I mistook the number for a larger complement, and began to re- move them. I took out three without mishap, but broke the fourth egg on a protruding thorn. It was quite fresh, and feeling the three eggs remaining, I concluded that the set was incomplete, and returned the three I had removed to the nest. I had some doubt as to the result, but visited the nest on May 2nd, finding the pair of Magpies in contented enjoyment of the six eggs, no more having been added to the seven origi- nally found. On April 27th, I also found an incom- plete set of two eggs. Re-visiting the place on May 5th, I found only six eggs, incubation well begun.:3My son, who accompanied me on this expedition, was entrusted with the care.of this set; but in descending a juniper-carpeted slope, he slipped several feet, and three eggs survived the mishap. The set is men- tioned to show the size of the comple- ment. There was nothing unusual in the nest or its situation. On May 8th, I took a set of seven eggs well advanced in incubation, from a low willow in a coulee frequented by cattle. The nest was within plain view of a bridge crossing the coulee, tke base being ten feet from the ground. It was a well-built affair, though made in the prevailing style. This nest had two openings in the latticed sides, though not directly opposite, and the tail of the setting bird was not protruding from one as I approached, for it showed plainly at a place about midway be- tween the openings. As she frequently alighted near with loud chatter while her home was being despoiled. I no- ticed that her tail was badly frayed along the sides. This set of eggs was the finest [ had taken, being short and thick, having a greenish-gray ground, heavily blotched with dark markings, and brightly polished surfaces, the lat- ter being lacking in other sets mention- ed. Re-visiting the first nest, mentioned under date of April 21st, I founda set of seven eggson May 9th, incubation begun. Ican not say whether these belonged to the pair which had first used the nest, but mention the fact of the nest’s being occupied the second time, which I find not unusual. How- ever, [have not found any instances of nests of the proceeding year being used by the Magpies. It would be interesting in this con- nection to note characteristic traits in the behavior of the Magpies, but this article has already exceeded its intend- ed length; and craving the obliging ed- itor’s pardon for taking such undue liberty, we leave the Magpies until another season. P.M. SILLOWAY, Lewiston, Mont. 92 THE OOLOGIST Four Interesting Warblers. BLACK AND WHITE WARBLER. Mn- totilta varia:—l1 know of but two in- -gtances of this. Warbler breeding in Livermore, both nests being found by the writer, one nest contained five eggs the other four. The first nest was sit- uated at the edge of a woods in the dirt and roots of an uprooted tree, the other was in the deep woods, built in a rotten hemlock stump. The nests were composed of dead leaves and bark strips and lined with hair and hair-like roots. Eggs white, wreathed around the large end with chestnut and hazel, This bird is mentioned as a common breeder in this lccality and is seen quite abundantly here, but I have been unable to find but two nests and have searched for them for years, so have came to the zonclusion that it does not breed nearly so abundantly as MyrTLE WARBLER. Dendroica coro- nita:—This. Warbler has been found breeding: quite abundantly io Liver- more, by the writer and others in the month of May and June and first half of July. Its nest being built ina thick -growth of small pines. I have never found them built in any other conifer- ous growth. The height from the ground ranges from five to fifteen feet. The nests were ali built in upright branches, running out from the main body of the tree and were composed of fine hemlock twigs and dead grasses and lined with fine grass and a few hairs, have found several nests warmly lined with feathers of the Ruffed Grouse. The eggs in all of the nests that I have examined were four in number, never more or less, and in color were creamy white, spotted and speckled with brown and lilac and a few dots of black, thick- est near the large end in the form ofa wreath. This species although more common than the Black and White Warbler inthis locality, isnot nearly so abundant a breeder as Mi 7 bo \ MAGNOLIA : WARBLER. Dendroica maculosa: —This species has been found breeding abundantly in the coniferous growths of Livermore, nesting in spruce, fir and hemlock, ata height of from three to eight feet from the ground. In nearly all the nests I have examined the number of eggs were four, have found only one set of five, but in a few instances there was but three of the Warbler and one of that pest, the Cow- bird. I sometimes think that the Cow- bird throws out one of the Warbler’s eggs, to make room for herown, The nest of this Warbler is composed of twigs of the hemlock, dead grass and weeds, and lined with black hair-like roots. The nest is loosely made. The eggs are white spotted and speckled with lilac, lavender and brownish black, thickest around the large end. The Magnolia Warbler, although a more abundant breeder than the Black and White or Myrtle, does not breed so abundantly in this locality as CHESTNUT-SIDED WARBLER. JDen- droica pensylvanica:—This little War- bler is a very common breeder in Liver- more, nearly every bushy pasture con- tains nests of this species, built in low hazels and other bushes, from two to five feet above the ground, nests most abundantly in June, many nests are found that contain eggs of the Cowbird. The nest of this Warbler is composed of bark strips, dead grasses and plant- down and lined with fine dead grasses and horse hair. All nests I have ex- amined were very loosely constructed, nearly all the nests contained four eggs never more, a few only three, color white, speckled and spotted with chestnut brownish and lilac. which forms a wreath around the large end the rest of theegg is sparingly dotted. In concluding this paper will say if it is accepted by the Editor and readers of the OoLoGIsT, that in some future issue I will write my experience with four more interesting birds of this family: The Black-throated Green Warbler, Oven Bird, Maryland Yellow- throat and American Redstart. Guy H. BrRiGGs, Livermore, Maine. THE OOLOGIST. 93 ‘““You might as well be out of the Bird World al- together as go without THE OSPREY.’’ fro OSPREY. _ An Illustrated Monthly Magazine of Popular Ornithology. Edited by Theodore Gill, in Co-op- eration with Robert Ridgway: L. Stejneger, C. W. Richmond and Other Eminent Ornithologists. THE OspREY does not keep a poet, but it has an office cat who can catch more birds than all the poets put to- gether. If you don’t believe this, read THE OspREY. If you want to buy, sell or exchange specimens, advertise in THE OsprREY. If you want to keep in with other Bird Men, subscribe for THE OsprREY. Ifyou want to write about Birds, you can do it in THE OspPREy, provided you know how to write. If you like a beautifully printed and pro- fusely illustrated magazine, all about Birds you MUST HAVE THE OSPREY. TERMS—ONE DOLLAR A YEAR. Published by THE OSPREY COMPANY, 821-323 44% St., Washington, D. C. Colleetsrs, Dealers, Everybody. Take Notice. Owing tomy change of loca- tion to Rochester, N. Y. June ist [am offering unheard of bargains in Glass Eyes, Instru- ments, Birds Eggs, Bird Skins, Minerals, Shells, ete. Send for list quick. Offer limited to month of May. Address ERNEST H. SHORT, Albion, N. Y. ef ZTE othe Ee x J Our fee returned if we fail. Any oue sending sketch and description of any invention will promptly receive our opinion free concerning the patentability of same. ‘‘How to Obtain a Patent’’ sent upon request. Patents secured through us advertised for sale at our expense. Patents taken out through us receive special notice, without charge, in THE PATENT RECORD, an illustrated and widely circulated journal, consulted by Manufacturers and Investors. Send for sample copy FREE. Address, VICTOR J. EVANS & CO. (Patent Attorneys,) Evans Building, WASHINGTON, D. C. and Magazine Publishing House of T= PAPER is printed at the Book A. M. EDDY, Albion, N. Y. Time Yet! I will fill orders from my recent Re- moval Lists until July ist. If you have no copy and need Supplies, (Taxi- dermists’ or Oologists’), Shells, Miner- als, etc., send for one at once. (es~After July 1st address at Roches- ter, N. Y. ERNEST H. SHORT, ALBION, N. Y. JAMES P. BABBITT, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Taxidermists’ Supplies, Bird Skins, Eggs & Publications. Fine Imported Glass Eyes a Speeialty. Illustrated Catalogue and large monthly bulle- tin of bargains in Birds Skins and Eggs free upon application. TAUNTON, MASS. rezathe cost of 7/1 3 Ww 32-calibre cartridges fora Marlin, Model 1892, cost only $5.00 a thousand. 32-calibre cartridges for any other re- peater made, cost $12.00 a thousand. You can save the-entire cost of your Marlin on the first two thousand eartridges. Why this is so is fully explained in the Marlin Hand Book for shocters. It also tells how to care for firearms and how to use them. How to load cartridges with the different kinds of black and smokeless powders. It gives trajectories, ve- locities, penetrations and 1000 other points of interest to sportsmen. 198 pages. Free, if you will send stamps for postage to THE MARLIN FIREARMS CO., New Haven, Conn. RAPPPPBAPPBPPBLABLPP APIA PPPD LD 94 THE OOLOGIST. : The Student’s Shell Collection. This Collection contains Forty Small Shells collected from all quarters of the Globe. all of which are numbered to correspond with a cat- alogue, which gives their proper, common and scientific names, with the locality where found. These shells when purchased individually and properly labelled would cost from 2 to 25 cents each. The following are the specimens found in this collection: Scorched Murex, Thorny-nosed Murex, Fish Basket, Gem Shell, Inflated Olive, Lettered Olive, Rice, Dove, Thunder Storm, Pelican’s Foot, Ringed Cowry, Snake-head Cowry,Money Cowry, Rye, Porcelain Rump, Boat, Worm, Brown Snail, Yellow Pea. Beaded Tower, Tow- er, Bloody Tooth, White Tooth, Zebra, Wheel. Venetian Snail, Key-hole Limpet, Many-lined Bulimuius, Hunch backed Partula, Black- mouthed Tree Snail. Banded Tree Snail, Little Agate, Silk Worm, Pea Nut, Banded Melam- pus, Indian Wampum. Angel Wing, Sun, Scal- lop and Jingle’ Price $1.00. If sent prepaid 6 cents must be added to pay postage on same—otherwise it will go by ex- press at purchaser’s expenses. SPECIAL:—Until June 1st will send one of the above collections prepaid for ONLY 31 CTS. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. The Young Naturalist’s Marvelous Collection. A truly ‘‘Marvelous”’ collection and most ap- propriately named for the class for whom it’s intended. The collection contains the follow- ing specimens, which retail at from 1 to 10¢ each: Card of Marine Alga, 15 Foreign Stamps, Sand Dollar, Chinese Coin, Tusk Shell, ‘‘Wam- pum’ Organpipe Coral, Red, Yellow and Brown-banded Sea Beans, Branch Coral, E. I., Spearhead or Arrowhead, Money Cowry, Pink Coral, Alligator Tooth, Worm Shell, Sand Shark or Skate Egg, Limpet, Bloody-tooth Shell, Inflated Olive Shell, Egg Capsules of Periwinkle, Piece of Tapa Cloth, Chinese Horn Nut, Yellow Coral, Campaign Badge, Satin Spar, Peanut or Rope Shell, Gum Pine, Dove Shell, Leaf from Japanese Book, Thorny-nosed Murex, Scaphites nodosus, Precious Coral, 3 Cassia Beans, Fiddler Crab, Egg of Red-winged Blackbird, Beetle, Lynx Cowry. Japanese Eburna, Pelican’s Foot Shell, Liver Bean, Piece of Mexican Pottery, Copper-Stained spec. of Calcite Stalactite, Valve of Radiated Scallop Shell, Branch Coral, W. I., Sertularia, Piece of Sea Fern. Price $1.00. If sent prepaid 15 cents must be sent to pay for same otherwise it goes by express at pur- chasers expense. SPECI1AL:—Until June 1st I will send one of the above collections prepaid for ONLY 40 CTS. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. INTROSE Bi on approval to youraddress WITHOUT A CERT IN ADVANGE. SEND US YOUR OF wheel; give color, height of frame and gear wanted and WE WILL SHIP THE WHEEL C. O. D. on approval, allowing you to uncrate and ex- amine it fully before you accept it. claim for it, and a better wheel than you can get for any where near the price from any one else, refuse it and we will pay all express charges ourselves. The ““MONTROSE’’ Bicycle at our Special Agent’s sample price of is the greatest bargain in a bicycle ever offered. We guarantee it equal to any $40 wheel on the market, and you need not accept it nor pay a cent if you do not find it as werepresent. Weare EXOLUSIVE BICYOLE MANUFACTURERS and take this method of quickly introducing our 1900 MODELS. This offer of a sample whee! at this low price is made to secure 2 RIDER AGENT in each town to represent us Our agents make money fast. Tl ONS Frame, 22, 24 or 26inch; ladies, 22inch. Best 5 and take orders. | SPECIFIC tions, flush joints, improved expander device to fasten seat post and handle bar; Royal Arch crown; the celebrated Mavis hubs and hanger— CYCLE set FREE DER, state whether you wish lady’s or man’s If it is not all and more than we 6:50 Shelby seamless tubing with forged connec- ¥ #4) the easiest running known; Record “A” tires, the best and one of the | ; wi v 4] most expensive tires on the market, The genuine $4 Mesinger Hygienic i saddle; pedals, tools and accessories the best obtainable. Hnameled in black, maroon or coach green, highly finished and ornamented; special finished nickeling on all bright parts. We thoroughly test every piece of material that goes into this machine. antee bond with each bicycle. \einp=ene FREE to any one sending the 816.50 cash in full with order we will =i send free a genuine Burdick 10,000 mile barrel pattern cyclo- meter; or a high grade floor pump. Your money all back if you are not ‘ \ perfectly satisfied. CHEAP WHEELS. ment store sana of wheels, such as snany now Our binding year’s guar- concerns and big supply houses advertise and sell as high grade. We can furnish them, however, at 85 to 87 stripped; or 89.75 to $12.50 complete. We do not guarantee nor recom- mend them. BEFORE ORDERING a bicycle of any one else, no matter who or how cheap, write us and let us tell you how much we can save you on the same machine. If you UNABLE t BUY a wheel we can assist you to EARN A BIOYCLE by dis- are 0 tributing catalogues forusafew days. Weneed one person fm each town for this purpose. We have several hundred SECOND HAND WHEELZS taken in trade which we will close out at 88 to 810 each; also some shopworn samples and ’99 models very cheap. Send for Bargain List. OUR RELIABILITY is unquestioned. We refer to any bank or business house in Chicago, or any express or railroad company. We will send you letters of reference direct from the largest banks in Chicago if you wish it. SEND YOUR ORDER {20% c0cnor/asceta-chenscit Sins csugomen: ramon depos a J. L. MEAD Cc YGLE COMPANY, Chicago, ai THE OOLOGIST.. 95 _—BIRD-[ORE. § "enn Song-Birds of Eur»pe and America Compared, ROBERT RIDGWAY. How to Conduct Field Classes, FLORENCE MERRIAM BAILEY. The Origin of Dickcisse]). ERNEST SETON-THOMPSON. Letters from Governor Roosevelt, and Bishop Whipple; The Milliner’s proposed agreement not to use the p'umage of North American birds; Notes from Fie'd and Study, Book Reviews, and some remarkable bird photographs. 20 cents a copy. $1.00 a year. THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, 66 Fifth Ave., NEW YORK CITY. Sinee the First o«.2 ROCHHSTER LAMP was made there have been many “like” or ‘“‘as good as” it placed upon the market. Some were even said to be “‘improvements” on it. One by one they fall by the wayside, for experience proves that there is only one lamp thatis really better, and we make that, too, Sf ea Sod NEW Rochester. 567/291B t THE ROCHESTER LAMP CO.,*22s25%*s,, a, NEW YORK. Zea deal pte 1 Sr ae WRITE FOR PRICES an .__ CATALOGUE ss a foe nt N yt HN jul fi SN ui Oe Our Goons ARE TH OUR PRICE THE LOWEST PaRRY MFG.@:anapatis,, 96 THE OOLOGIST. Oologists, Ornithologists and Collectors = a ATTENTION. One of the best private collections in the country is now offered for sale at sac- rifice prices. Value not regarded. Simply a matter of Cash Wanted. Write for complete list, mailed free for the asking. The Oological collection includes Eggs in full sets of over 500 different species with full datas, over 3000 Eggs. Among them are such sets as Loon. Yellow-billed Loon, Black-throated Loon, Guillemots, Murres, 12 Different Gulls, Several Terns, Least Petrel, Several Ducks, Herons, Rails, Partridges, Grouse, Doors, Hawks, Eagles, Owls (Snowy and Great Horn- ed, etc.,) and several others rare and common. Write for complete list. Among Mounted specimens are 18 Loons, several Gulls, Booby, Anhinga, 60 Different Ducks, Ibis, several kinds Herons, Plovers, Phalaropes, Godwits, Grouse, Partridge, Doves, Kites, Hawks, Eagles, Owls, over 600 Native specimens. Also about 100 Foreign Birds such as Hen Harrier, Laughing Jackass, Cuckoos, Pigeons, Mot Mots, Warblers, Phaesants, Parrots, Toucans, Apteryx, Miners, Cockatoos, Parroquettes, over 40 parrots, parroquets and cockatoos. Also several Mounted Animals, such as Python, Alligators, Monkey, Bear, Ring- tail Racoon, Wild Cats, Black Fox, Young Lions, Dingo, Kangaroo, Rat, Lizzards, Tasmanion Devil, Coons, several Fishes. In all a Grand Collection of some 3000 Eggs, 700 Mounted Birds, 200 Mounted Animals. Don’t Miss it. Write at once for Complete Lists. Remember price is not an objects. You can buy at your own price. W. A. OLDFIELD, Deckerville, Mich. HE OQOLOGIST. A MONTHLY PUBLICATION DEVOTED TO OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. VOL. XVII. NO. 7. ALBION, N. Y., JULY-AUGUST, 1900. W2HoLx No. 168 Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ ‘‘“Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department for 25c per 25 words. Notices over 25 words, charged at the rate of one-half cent per each additional ‘word. No notice inserted for less than 25c. Terms, cash with order. Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-third list rates. What’s Your Number? Examine the number following your name on the wrapper of this month’s OoOLoGIstT. It rdenotes when your subscription expired or will expire. : No.168 your subscription expires with this issue i@ . % se a “ Sept. 1900 173 é 13 “ce a3 Dec. be ge) ne “ “ Feb., 1901 180 ce oe oe os July, ‘ Intermediate numbers can easily be deter- mined. If we have you credited wrong we -wish to rectify. LOOK HERE! I have these Al sets, with full datas to exchange, mostly personally col- lected. A. O. U. Nos. 2738 4-4, 316 4-2, 331 1-2 1-5, 833 2-4, 387 1-3, 342 1-1 1-3, 388 2-2, 406 1-4, 428 n-1 2n-2, 444 5-4, 456 2-4) 461 125-3, 466a 2-4, 467 18-4, 477 3-4, 488 1-4 5-5, 475 20 eggs, 4984-4, 501 1-5 2-6, 507 1-3, 511 1-1, 1-4, 5291-5, 540 2-3 6-4, 560 1-3, 561 3-3 6-4, 598 1-1 1-3, 612 1-5. 613 3-4 1-6, 614 3-5 1-6, ‘622a 1-6, 622b 1-4, 624 33 1-4, 627 1-2 1-4, 633 1-4, 652 8-4 5-5. 681 5-5, 683 1-4, 687 3-3 2-4, 704 3-4, 705 1-3 1-4, 7101-2, 724 1-7, 761 1-4. I want medium rare sets of Flycatchers, Sparrows, Vireos, Warblers, Wrens, Thrashers and Thrushes. All lists containing sets I desire will be prompt- ly answered. EDW. W.SPRINGER, Owaton- na, Minn. WANTED.—U. S. and Foreign Stamps and Revenues, paper money, stamp collection, $10 revenue, in: exchange for stamps, coins, paper money and cash. ERWING. WARD, Truant School, Springfield, Mass. FOR SALE.—One live Bald Eagle in fine plumage, 7 ft. 4 in. tip to tip. Price $7.50. GLEN RINKER, Unionville, Mo. FOR SALE.—Snapping Turtle, 1-23, 2-28, 1-29, 141, Red-leg, 2-8, 1-9, 1-11. Price three cents per egg. All first-class data. 14bigold U. S. cents different dates, 10 cents each, or the lot for $110. One new copy of Hornaday’s ‘‘Taxi- dermy,’’ $1.75, one dozen bull's eye hammerless revolvers, 22 cal. All new goods, $3.40 each. All prepaid at price. JAS. O. JOHNSON, Southington, Conn. . EXCHANGE.—For eggs in sets or singles, many common, new 3%x3% Camera, Spectra- scope; Eggs in sets) ERNEST H. SHORT, Albion, N. Y. Jot FOR SALE.—Fine A1 sets with data 190, 1-5, $1.40; 201, 2-4, 24c; 268, 4-4, 24c; 339, 2-2, 34c; 1-4, 68, 412, 1-6, 15¢ ; 423, 1-3, 20; 429, n-2, 70c; 431, n-2. 70c; 444, 2-4, 12c; 456, 1-5, 10c; 467, 4-4, 25c; 477, 1-6, 24; 488, 3-6, 24c; 507, 2-5, 19¢; 511b, 2-4, 16c; 568, 2-4, 15c; 618, 1-4, 10c; 614, 1-4, 30c; 619, 1-4, 20c; 624, 1-3, 24c; 2-4, 82; 652, 2-4, 15c; 755, 5-4, 10c; 766, 1-5, 15c; 1-6, 20c; 452, 2°4. 35c; 538, 1-4, 60c; Hood- ed Warbler, 13, 70c; 1-4, $1.00; skin of Blue- fronted Jay, 40c. Prices are per set, prepaid. JAS. O. JOHNSON, Southington, Conn. SEVERAL Thousand Duplicate Eggs for Sale, at irresistable prices! For example, we will send, postpaid, the following lot, listing at $12.23 for $3. Every set strictly first-class and accompanied by data. White-faced Glossy Ibis, 1-4; Black-neck Stilt. 1-4; White-necked Raven, 1-5; Great Blue Heron, 1-4; Black- crowned Night-Heron, 1-4; Swainson’s Hawk, 1-2; Great-tailed Grackle, 1-4. Other bargains; prices per set: Black Vulture, 1-2, 60c; Turkey Vulture, 1-2, 60c; Caracara, 1-2, 65c; Krider’s Hawk, 1-2, 81. 1-3, $1.50; Swainson’s Hawk, 1-2, 30c; 1-3, 45c; Killdeer, 1-4, 25c; Jacana, 1-4, $3.50; Sealed Quail, 1-14,$2.80; Roadrunner, 1-6, 25c. Series of 50 eggs Swainson Hawk, $6. Series 50 eggs White-necked Raven, $6.50. Send for complete lists embracing more than one hun- dred species. J. M. & JAMES J. CARROLL, Waco, Texas. EXCHANGE.—Sets of 6, 77, 172, 191, 219, 221, 305, 511, 613, 751, 591b, 538, 507, 467 to exchange for singles. Also fine flute, guitar, showy shells, Indian Relics, Hatch’s ‘‘Birds of Minne- sota,” piccolo, Eb Alto horn, fountain pens and set of draughtsmans instruments to ex- change for sets or singles. Address, W. P. MARSTON, JR., Lake Crystal, Minn. TO EXCHANGE.—A collection of over 100 singles and a glass top egg case 24x30 inches. For eggs in sets with data or for cash. HAR- RY MILLS, Box 218, Unionville Ct. ELECTRICAL Apparatus wanted.—Books, wire, telephones, dynamo castings, ete. Will exchange OOLOGISTS, stamps, camera, magic lantern, World Typewriter, etc. Write. W. G. MANSUR, Pittsfield, Maine. FOR EXCHANGE.—Sea Shells and Marine Curios. Want Fossils and Indian Relics. Of- fer cash for a Stone Mortar, Bow and War Club: W. J. ENGLAND, Caro, Tuscola Co., ch. 98 THE OOLOGIST. WANTED:—SkKeletons and Skulls, all kinds, in rough and mounted, Bird and Mammal Skins, Reptiles and Batrachians in alcohol or formalin. Desire correspondents in all parts of United States, Mexico ‘and Canada. Back numbers of papers on Natural History and sci- entific books wanted. Offerin exchange fifty - species finely prepared invertebrates in forma- lin, eastern bird skins, etc. Correspondence solicited. F. P. DROWNE, 20 Benefit St,, Providence, R. I. HEAR YE! Hear Ye! Hear Ye! This is to certify that my advertisements in the OOLO- GIST have paid me better than have the com- bined ads. in most of the amateur and natural science papers. Ads. in the OOLOGIST always bring returns, and it is safe to say that thereis no paper having three times the circulation of this widespread periodical which can give equal satisfaction. MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich FOR EXCHANGE.—American Merganser 1-7, Turkey Vulture 2-2, Cooper’s Hawk 1-4, Bob White 1-11, several common sets also. Send list. J. MINCHIN, Fleming, N. Y WANTED.—To sell for $10 cash a Bicycle, ’98 model, freight to be paid by buyer. In first class condition. Address S. E. HILLS, 1301 Douglas St., Sioux City, Ia. INDIAN RELICS.—1 grooved axe, 1 hatchet, 1 spear, 1 scraper, 1 knife, 1 scrap pottery, 1 doz. arrow heads, $100. CURIO CO., Craw- fordsville, Ind. FOR SALE or EXCHANGE.—Six Llewelyn Setter puppies. Beautiful markings and fine stock. Address W. E. LOUCKS, Peoria, Ills. COLUMBIAN STAMPS, two vols. ‘‘Nids,’’ and eggs to exchange for eggs, sets or singles. Will buy if cheap. Send lists to FRED A. BLACK, 908 Osborn St., Kalamazoo, Mich. WANTED.—Butterflies from all localties. Will give for same, Cash, Birds eggs, skins and insects from New England states. Corres- pondence solicited. G D. KELLOGG, Egre- mont Plain, Mass. BELGIAN HARES.—Fine young pedigreed Belgians $6 and upward per pair. Does bred and unbred $8 and upward. Rabbits carefully shipped. All correspondence answered. WAR- REN EBERLE, Escondido, Col. DO YOU desire to exchange botanical spec- imens this season? Send for regulations and lists to R. T. ANDERSON, Aylmer, Ont., Sec- retary of the East Elgin Botanical Exchange Bureau. WANTED—Sets of eggs containing abnor- mal specimens, Such as runts, unusually large, abnormally marked or unmarked, curious shaped, etc. Will give good exchange in fine sets or will pay cash. Headquarters for Ken- tucky, Golden-winged and Worm-eating Warb- lers’ setS with nests. Whip-poor-will and Ruby-throated Hummingbird. J. WARREN JACOBS, Waynesburg, Pa. SWANTED.—Singles of Golden Eagle, Sand- hill Crane, Little Brown Crane, Duck Hawk, Penguin, Rhea, Swallow-tailed Kite, Pileated Woodpecker, Parauque, Merlin and many other large singles and sets for choice South- ern eggs with full data, such as Royal Tern, Am. Oystercatcher, Willet, Wilson’s Plover, Laughing Gull, ete. DR. M. T. CLECKLEY, 457 Greene St., Augusta, Ga. 170 MAKE MONEY.—By securing a county agency for our New Edition of the Reversible U. S. and World Map. This map is 66x46 in. in size, being the largest one-sheet map pub- lished; mounted on sticks ready to;hang; elev- en beautiful colors. One side shows a grand map of our great country and inset maps of its. new possessions. The other side shows an equally good map of the world. On receipt of $1.25 we will send a sample copy by prepaid express, and will inform you how to obtain a. trial agency. Our men clear from $15.00 to $35.00 weekly after a month's work. Maps can be returned if notsatisfactory. Yours truly, RAND, McNALLY & COMPANY, 160-174 Adams St., Chicago, Ills. 172 START A BUSINESS OF YOUR OWN! 300: per cent. profit. 100 rare revipes for patent medicines, (Sarsaparillas, cough remedies,pain killers, corn cures, wart cures, hair dyes, lini- ments, etc.) inks, (10 kinds), court plaster, waterproof biacking, tooth powder, cider with- out apples, chewing gum, stick and liquid mu- cilage, pharoah’s serpent eggs, sozodont, fly paper, spruce beer, chinese starch enamel, king tobacco cure, Indian salve, silver and stove polishes, grease extract»r, washing fluid, copying pads, fire-works, toilet soaps, gun powder, rat and vermin poison, hair oils, arti- ficial honey, lamp wicks, silver plating fluid, pile ointment, paint lca lb. rubber stamps, ink eraser, baking powders, etc., etc., all postpaid for 12 two-cent stamps. O. J. SWANDER, Kenton, Ohio. WANTED in any number sets of 6, 7. 58, 60. 68, 64, 65, 69 72, 75, 76. 79, 118, 125, 126, 131, 137, 189, 140 147, 149, 150, 153, 172, 190, 197, 204, 205, 206, 214, 118, 224, 225, 228, 230, and Waders, 255, 261, 263, 273, 277, 289, 294. 309, 310, 328, 326, 329, 332, 334, 337, 339, 343, 352, 355, 356, 364, 375, 372, 387, 388, 390,. 398, 394, 412, 416, 417, 428, 498, 501, 554, 558, 601, 611, 614, 619, 624, 761, any Warblers. Offer first-class. exchange or cash. Wanted for cash 166, 131, 289, 238, 231, 255, 327 and other good sets. Nat- uralists’ Books, Hornaday’s Taxidermy Ben- dire’s Life Histories and others. 16 or 12 guage double-barreled Shot gun, camera 4x5—Premo B preferred—and outfit. Can offer 300 species of eggs, skins or mounted birds. Send list and make offer. D. WILBY, 27 Front St. West, Toronto, Ont. 170 BELGIAN HARES.—Fine young pedigreed Belgians, $6.00 per pair. Does bred to bucks, $8.00; per pair, $12.00. A trioof one buck and two does, $15.00. Correspondence answered. Rabbits carefully shipped. WARREN EB- ERLE, Escondido, Cal. 171 FOR SALE:—Clutches of European species, White Gryfalcon, Gryfalecon, Merlin, Green Sandpiper, Greenshank, Golden Eagle, Gray Sea Eagle, Kestrel, Sparrow Hawk, Honey Buzzard, Peregrine Falcon. Hobby Egyptian Vulture. Apply. GORTON, 2 Upper Glouces- ter St., Pendleton, England. 171 CODDINGTON MAGNIFIER(Miners’ glass), diameter in, cost $1.50, prepaid 95cts; also a 38 lens pocket magnifier in rubber case, only 60c, prepaid. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. INSECT PINS:—150 best assorted and 3 sheets 3x4x1-16 inch cork. All prepaid, only 20c. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. WANTED:—Egegsin sets with nests of all Warblers, Waders, Vireos and Thrushes. Send list of what you have and cash or ex- change price. Send 10c for large illustrated catalog. CHAS.K.REED, 75 Thomas St., Wor- cester, Mass. THE OOLOGIST. 99 TAXIDERMIST’S OUTFIT:—Contains one heavy Cartilage Knife; 1 nickeled and engrav- ed Scalpel with tip shaped for detaching skin, muscles, &c;1 pair Scissors; 1 pair Forceps; 1 Dissecting Hook;1 Brain Spoon; 1 pocket Wire Cutter. Instruments best, all ‘packed in _ polished Hard-wood Case. A better outfit than the one always sold at $3. I have only four outfits and will close them out at only $2.20 prepaid. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N.Y. PLATE HOLDER—Double, 5%x5¥, Blair Camera Co., ($1.00), prepaid 44c. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion N. Y. GLASS EYES.—Lot No.1 contains one pair each Nos. 8 and 15 yellow, No. 9 hazel, No. 18 brown (worth 44c), all prepaid 24c. Lot No. 2 contains one pair each No. 19 brown style two (veined) for Bear and Nos. 23 and 24 style four (veined, long pupil and cornered) for Deer (lot worth $1.21). All prepaid, only 76cts. : FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y WANTED.— Will trade books of all kinds for good matched pairs of ivory Elks teeth or sin- gle teeth; also collections of U. S. stamps bought for cash. Address, HALL N. JACK- SON, 36 W. 6th St., Cincinnati, O. 170 YOUR ATTENTION is called to une great sacrifice sale of the collection of W. A. OLD- FIELD of Deckerville, Mich., formerly of Port Sanilac. This is a great chance to secure some good and rare specimens at low price. See ad. in this issue. FOR EXCHANGE: - Eggs of the Cal. Murre at 20c per egg for first class eggsin sets. Send eee to LAWRENCE KESSING, Alameda, alif. FINE sets to exchange for same, such as 147 1-6, 194 1-4, 212 1-10, 342 1-2, 343 1-3, 348 1-4 and many more. Send your lists and get mine. E. J. DARLINGTON, Wilmington, Del. SETS of 263, 461, 658, 687 with datas for books and papers on Ornithology. R. A. BROWN, 323 Carlisle St., Saginaw, Mich. A 1 Bird Skins and sets to exchange for sets. Send lists and receive mine. J. CLAIRE WOOD, 196 Randolph St , Detroit, Mich. I WISH to purchase a young live Bluebird. FRANK H. SHOEMAKER, 433 Omaha Nation- al Bank Building, Omaha, Neb. SETS Black Vulture, Texas, Sea-side Finch, Caracara Eagle and other desirable sets to ex- change for desirable specimens U. S. Postage Stamps. WALTER E. GROVER, Galveston, exas. For the Next Sixty Days the the subscripition price of THE BITTERN, the New Illustrated Bird Magazine, will be Reduced from 50c to 25c If you have not seen a copy send a stamp toGLEN M. HATHORN, 1600 E. Ave., Cedar Rapids, Ia , and receive one by return mail. CHOICE North Dakota Sets PER EGG Western Willet, 1-4, 1 3... Bart. Sandpiper, 3- 4, 13. a Wilson’s Phalarope, pas ee A eee 25 Ki ldeenyo- ae les oe Re ae a ae ee eat Spotted Sandpiper, 1:4. See eee Belted Piping Plover, 3-4, 1-3_........ Prairie Sharp-tail Grouse, 1-6........ Ch.-collared Long Spur, 2-8 .............-. Swainson Hawk, 3-2._............--...-... ---- Marsha wiliy2)5 i221 vai a ee eS Ferruginous Rougi- leg Hawk, 1-3... Short-eared Owl, 1 Am. Long-eared Ger 3-5 See Green-wing Teal, 11:8). ea Gadwall, n-9, n-7, 1-8.......0.00222. 22.22. eee Canvass-back Duck, 1-6..........2....----.---.- Redhead Duck, 1-11, 1-10............ -..... eS Shoveller, 1-9, tee Se eee nt ze I RRM yo BS eh ely en es ee eee Am. Golden-eye, 2-10, 1-11........--.. 22-2... 2. ee 2eeee First-class with data. Personally collected. No exchanges. Carriage prepaid by express on order exceeding $3.00. On order exceeding $10 net will allow discount 10 percent. Refer- ences J. P. Norris, Jr., William Brewster and others. EUGENE S. ROLFE, MINNEWAUKEN, N. DAK. ‘You might as well be out of the Bird World al- together as go without THE OSPREY.”’ THES OSPREY, An Illustrated Monthly Magazine of Popular Ornithology. Edited by Theodore Gill, in Co-op- eration with RN eeae Ridgway: L. Stejneger, C. W. Richmond and Other Eminent Ornithologists. THE OspREY does not keep a poet, but it has an office cat who can catch more birds than all the poets put to- gether. If you don’t believe this, read THE OspREY. If you want to buy, sell or exchange specimens, advertise in THE OspREY. If you want to keep in with other Bird Men, subscribe for THE Osprey. Ifyou want to write about Birds, you can do it in THE OSPREY, provided you know how to write. If you like a beautifully printed and pro- fusely illustrated magazine, all about Birds you MUST HAVE THE OSPREY. TERMS—ONE DOLLAR A YEAR. Published by THE OSPREY COMPANY, 321-323 44% St., Washington, D.C. WANTED:—Photographs of birds or ani- mals in wild state, am willing to pay in cash for same or exchange. Correspondence de- sired. T., W. RICHARDSON, 1785 Madison Ave., New York City. ~100 Taxidermy Made Kasy. Have you our Process of Taxi- -dermy? Ifyou have not you will be surprised to know that there’s money to be made preserving specimens for the market for the School, Parlor, Of- fice, etc. Any boy, girl or Sportsman may mount his own specimens at first attempt as well as decorate the town around, as the cost is next to nothing. You may make money at this work no matter where you are, On receipt of -$1.00 I will send one pound of our Pre- servative, ready for use and complete Instructions how to mount Birds, Ani- mals, Heads how to dress skins with hair on for Rugs, Robes and Hangings, etc. You will succeed in this work, and as the cost is nearly nothing, you should take advantage of it as it is ‘away ahead of old way. Noexperience needed, requires no tools whatever. 15 is sufficient to mount a bird size of Blue Jay. CHAS. SICKLES, -418 Eleanor St., Kalamazoo, Mich. Have you tried my process of Rapid ‘Taxidermy? If not you will be gratified by a big surprise. “There is money to be made by the preservation of specimens for the market or the school, par- lor, office and den. Any boy, girl or sportsman may learn this method at the first attempt,and -decorate the trophies and birds of the neigh- borhood. The cost is next to nothing, and “when several go in and work together, there is no cost. You may make money in any town -or the country, On receipt of $1.00 cash or stamps I will send the complete printed instructions to ‘mount Birds, Mammals, Heads, etc., and one ‘pound of the Preservative, ready prepared for the work; together with complete directions for dressing skins with the hair on, for rugs, robes and hangings, and in addition I will make the extra inducement of offering the for- mula for making the Preservative Compound, with the privilege of selling the same. The process will be exchanged for $3.00 worth of stamps, or for other exchange. What have you to offer? Address MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich. JAMES P. BABBITT, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Taxidermists’ Supplies, Bird Skins, Eggs & Publications. Fine Imported Glass Eyes a Speeialty. Illustrated Catalogue and large monthly bulle- tin of bargainsin Birds Skins and Eggsfree upon application. TAUNTON, MASS. THE OOLOGIST. _ THE COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB Has published three-fourths of the most inter- esting descriptions of the nests and eggs or rare species of the West, which have been printed during the past six years, including the Hermit Warbler, Western Evening Gros- beak, White throated Swift,California Vulture, ete., etc. It isnow publishing “THE CONDOR” Formerly the BULLETIN of the COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB. A crisp and breezy 16 to 24 page bi-monthly bird journal, illustrated as required. The arti- cles are all from field workers and have a ring which enthuses the live ornithologist. The only Bird Magazine devoted solely to the Or- nithology of the Great West. Always out on time! You want it! Subscription $1 a year. Sample copy, 20c. For sample, address C. BARLOW, Editor-in- chief, Santa Clara, Cal. Subscriptions to DON- Baie A. COHEN, Business Manager, Alameda, al. Subscription may commence with No. 1 (Jan- uary, 1899.). The Student’s Shell Collection. This Collection contains Forty Small Shells collected from all quarters of the Globe. all of which are numbered to correspond with a cat- alogue, which gives their proper, common and scientific names, with the locality where found. These shells when purchased individually and properly labelled would cost from 2 to 25 cents each. The following are the specimens found in this collection: Scorched Murex, Thorny-nosed Murex, Fish Basket, Gem Shell, Inflated Olive, Lettered Olive, Rice, Dove, Thunder Storm, Pelican’s Foot, Ringed Cowry, Snake-head Cowry,Money Cowry, Rye, Porcelain Rump, Boat, Worm, Brown Snail, Yellow Pea, Beaded Tower, Tow- er, Bloody Tooth, White Tooth, Zebra, Wheel. Venetian Snail, Key-hole Limpet, Many-lined Bulimuius, Hunch-backed Partula, Black- mouthed Tree Snail, Banded Tree Snail, Little Agate, Silk Worm, Pea Nut, Banded Melam- pus, Indian Wampum, Angel Wing, Sun, Scal- lop and Jingle: Price $1.00. If sent prepaid 6 cents must be added to pay postage on same—otherwise it will go by ex- press at purchaser’s expenses. SPECIAL:—Until June ist will send one of the above collections prepaid for ONLY 31 CTS. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. SR CRS AS PILLOW INHALER with 1¥¥ bottles inhal- ent. Goodas new. Fine for catarrh, asthma, throat trouble. Cost $6. $3 cash or best offer of eggs or books. W. H. SHEAK, Peru. Ind. WANTED—To exchange fine Mounted Birds, Bird Skins and Eggs in sets and singles with datas for first class Bird Skins not in my col- lection. JESSE T. CRAVEN, Holley, N. Y. THE OOLOGIST. VOL. XVII. NO.7. ALBION, N. Y., JULY-AUGUST, 1900. WHOLE No. 168: THE OOLOGIST. A Monthly Publication Devoted to OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. FRANK H.LATTIN, Editor and Publisher, ALBION, N. Y. Correspondence and items of interest to the poudent of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited rom all. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: Single subscription.....6...-.....50C per annum Sample copies....... sees cccce-cesccescoeeede Cach The above rates include payment of postage. Each subscriber is given a card good for a Want, Exchange or For Sale Notice. (This card is redeemable at any time within one year from date thereon.) Subscriptions can begin with any number. Back numbers of the OoLoaist can be furnished at reasonable rates. Send stamp for descrip- tions and prices. i" Remember that the publisher must be noti fled by letter when a subscriber wishes his paper stopped, and all arrearages must be paid. ADVERTISING RATES: 5 cents per nonpareil line each insertion. 12 lines in every inch. Seveninches in a Col- umn, and two columns to the page. Nothing inserted for less than 25 cents. No “special rates,” 5 cents per line is ‘‘net,” “rock bottom,” ‘‘inside,” ‘“‘spot cash” rate from which there is no deviation and no commission to agents. Ifyou wish to use 5 lines or less space it will cost you 25 cents; 100 lines, $5.00; 1000 lines, $50.00. “Trade” (other than cash) advertise- ments will be accepted by special arrangement ~ only and at ratesfrom double to five times cash rates. Due Bills and Cards payable in advertis- ing will be honored only at regular rates in force at the date of issuance of said bill or card. Remittances should be made by Draft, Express or Postoffice Money Order, Registered Letter or Postal Note. Unused U.S. Postage Stamps of any denomination will be accepted for sums un- der one dallar. Make Money Orders and Drafts payable and address all subscriptions and com- munications to FRANK H. LATTIN, Aibion, Orleans Co., N. Y. Nests and Eggs. All species of birds, so far asi am aware, are governed by their require- ments in the line of timber for the nests, in selecting their nesting quarters. This is noticable in many cases. For instance, a few pairs of Eave Swallows built each season about halfa mile -from a small pond. But in time the pond dried up, and the Swallows left the barn eaves and have never returned; _ for an Eave Swallow must have mud for its nest, and thereis apparently nothing which will take its place. Some birds will make a shift in certain cases of necessity. Chimney Swifts, as a rule, use a regular sized twig for nest construction, but in an instance which came under my notice a pair had to make use cf the very fine and irregular twigs from the raspberry vines or bushes. They make a peculiar ~ looking nest, and the Swifts may have thought it odd, but they preferred this timber to travelling farther. Robins may build in any quarter where there is mud to be found, and the situations are various. It isnot uncommon that in late April or early May there isa dry time in the land. Only lasting for a week or so, yet it is sufficient to stop the nest building of the Robins, and to keep them at a stand-still for the time being. I have seen a pair of Robins start a nest and the dry weather would come on and stop operations, and the pair would wait about for the rainso they could find the mortar. On one occasion we furnished mortar by letting the hydrant run on the ground. The delighted Robins immediately accepted the situ- ation and gathered materials for the partially finished nest which was quick- iy completed: and the eggs duly deposi- ed. Many birds ornament their nests, evidently with design, for though the birds of a species usually follow a set style, itis nevertheless a principal of ornamentation. The Hummers are well known as dainty designers, and our little Ruby-throat is the maker of one of the most beautiful little struct- ures in the world. Composed of deli- 102 THE OOLOGIST. cate cottony substances, and of the lightest materials possible, it is covered on the outside with delicate bits of lichens, which are caused to adhere to the little home by the use of spider’s web. The Blue-gray Gnatcatcher con- structs an equally well finished home, and though not considered equally fine with the Hummer’s nest because of its larger size, isin reality fully as well made. The Wood Pewee also makes a finely covered nest of lichens. Another decorator in lichens is the Yellow- throated Vireo, which constructs its pensile nest at the end ofa branch, and not onthe upper side of the limb as with the Hummer and Gnatcatcher. These four species are the only ones which habitually cover the nests with lichens, but all of the Vireos of my acquaintance have the tendency to ornament the exterior with various substances, and the Red-eye in partic- ular is given to this agreeable display of artistic taste. Very often the Red- eyed Vireo will attach pieces of print- ‘ed newspaper to the sides of the nest, giving ita decidely neat and peculiar appearance. The paper is not tacked on in great pieces, but is torn iuto frag- ments and gracefully draped about the nest. Very often the bits of paper con- tain words and even short sentences quite pertinent, and sometimes these finds are kept as curiosities, Then there are some species of birds which are given to decorating their nests, that is in the eyes of outsiders, but who really follow the habit for other purposes. For instance, the ducks follow the practice of stripping the down from the breast and covering the eggs inthe nest. Itis not known why this brown down is used. Some theorizers claim that itis to keep the eggs warm during the absence of the parent, others say that it is for the purpose of concealing the eggs, while many think it answers a double pur- pose. The habit, common to all nest- ing ducks, Iam informed, is probably for the concealment of the eggs, for it is not reasonable to suppose that this is a necessity so far as keeping the eggs warm is concerned in asection as far south as the 42nd parallel, and yet the habit is followed in the United States as well as in Greenland. There are many pointsin the natural history of our birds which we have not as yet fully fathomed. In taking up the point of concealment, we find that there are many other species of birds besides the ducks that follow the practice of concealing the eggs when the nest is left alone. One class, the divers, is partially given to this habit of concealing the eggs when they are left, and no other bird more thoroughly conceals the eggs than does the com- mon grebe of hell-diver, as itis called. Yet the Great northern diver, a very sly and sagacious bird, does not make any attempt to conceal its eggs. The grebe does not place down upon its eggs but simply pulls a mass of rubbish, moss and grass and dead reeds over the eggs when they are left, removing the covering when the nest is again re- turned to. The duck’s eggs are prob- ably covered with the down, even when the bird ison the nest; at least on the instant when the old bird leaves the nest the eggs are found to be fully covered. Once when I came close to a nest, and when the setter did not know of my presence, the eggs were found completely covered when the female hastily left. I have not yet learned of any of the perching birds which cover their eggs. All birds have a system or arrange- ment in the deposition of the set of eggs in the nest, and there are very few species, if any, in whichsome peculiari- ty is not to be found if careful observa- tion is, made. Many birds so plainly and invariably show this tendency toa set arrangement that the habit is well known to all observers. It isof these THE OOLOGIST. 1038 well known examples that we will speak. The Loon or Great northern diver always deposits two eggs of an almost perfectly elliptical shape, which lie side by side and at about three-fifths of the length of the trough-like depres- sion from the front ofthe nest. From the position of the eggs an observer may tell the position of the bird on the nest, as the setter is long bodied and the abdomen is well back from a cen- ter. This arrangement is verified by watching the birds on the eggs. The turtle dove, nighthawk, and whip-poor- will each lay two egg which are placed side by side. The Spotted Sandpiper and Killdeer plover, and I presume all of the shore birds, at least so far as I know, lay four eggs at a clutch, and arrange them in the nest oron the bare ground with their small ends together, and as they pyriform they join in to perfection. The eggs of all snipes and plovers are proportionatelyly exceeding large com- pared to the size of the bird, and the saving of space by this arrangement undoubtedly answers a purpose. It is impossible to offer a solution to this problem of order, unless we suggest that itis a wise provision of a power which ordains the arrangement which best admits of the bird’s covering the eggs thoroughly. Itis fair to doubt if the sandpiper could cover her four large eggs if they were arranged in any other position. Theshore birds are not provided with a plenty of fluffy feath- ers like the grouse and bob-white which lay many eggs ata clutch. If this ar- rangement of the set is broken and the eggs changed about, it will usually be found that the birds will rearrange the clutch, showing conclusively that the. birds reason in regard to the position which will give the setter the best chance to cover the four eggs, I have disarranged the set, turning the small- er ends out, and have almost invariably found that the set would be rearranged in the course of a day. Continued. The Bartramian Sandpiper. The Upland or Field Plover is known as the most elevated species of the fam- ily in its selection of nesting quarters, It is rare to note this bird in the sec- tions selected by others of the snipes, sandpipers, and plovers, and it is very unusual to meet with itat any time along the lake shores or streams, as it prefers uplands and I have knowledge of its nesting on the highest land be- tween Chicago and Detroit. Upland, therefore, applies well to the species, as it is often, nay, usually found nest- ing at quite a distance froma lake or stream. This habit is observable in the region of the Great Lakes, and it is said to be more noticable in the west. The names—snipe, sandpiper, plover and others applying to the shore birds, are quite often indiscriminately used for the same bird, and are used as the terms finch, linnet and sparrow are for the small seed-eating birds. Still, th-re is a distinction among the shore-birds, and the name plover does not apply to this species, as it is not a plover in any sense; not belonging to that family. But usage is hard to combat, and this bird will always be known as a plover. In the west where creatures quite often receive unusual and startling names, this snipe is known as grass plover, praire snipe, prairie pigeon, probably in allusion to some note resemblance, and at Manitoba is known commonly as ‘Quaily.”’ The A. O. U. name, Bar- tramian Sandpiper is a good one; it was given in honor of the renowned Pro- fessor Bartram in the early part of this century. The Field Piover arrives in Michigan in middle April ora little earlier, but is not seen in any numbers until after the 20th, of the month. Some morn- ing, when we are out for snipe, provid- ed you are an advocate of spring shoot- ing, we may hear a peculiar note or series of twitterings. These are pleas- 104 ing to the ear, and the amateur cannot fail to notice them from their very oddi- ty. The sounds at times, fall to usin the balmy spring air like the love song of the common tree toad, and on several occasions I have been deceived. On one occasion, long ago, I even went so far as to hitch my horse to the fence, and enter the field with my gun for the birds, only to find that I had been fool- ed by several musical tree toads. It is very easy to distinguish the notes if both creatures sing at once, as I have proven but this only makes it the more remark- able that a person can be deceived. Besides this series of notes we often hear a pleasing warble, like putt putt putt er-r-r-r-r putt er-r-r, and looking up see a bird flying about apparently aimlessly, at agreat-height. Occasion- ally a long drawn whee hee-w-u-u is strained forth, and this last effort is probably its love song, as it is uttered in the spring when mating and the other not:s are emitted at various seasons as well. This species often flies at an immense height, and I have seen them fluttering when almost out of sight, and when their notes could scarcely be distinguish- ed. The flight is very vigorous and rapid when the plover attempts it, but generally when undisturbed the move- ments are exceedingly varied. Some- times the pair will sweep along at a great rate; flying low over the meadows. Then again the birds seem to flutter about in a very lazy manner, seeming to enjoy themselves in perfect abandon. In some of their movements these plovers remind me of the actions of the sandhill crane. Sometime in May the pair makes selection of their summer home, and during the month deposit four pyriform eggs in a very shiftless inartistic nest on the ground, after the manner of most of the birds of this fam- ily. The structure is composed of a little grass and in situations far remov- ed from water in most instance. The THE OOLOGIST. eggs are speckled with brownish on a light buff, and are nearly aiways found with their smaller ends together for con- venience of the setter. Although the eggs are not concealed in any way, stillitisa difficult matter to find them, even when one knows the part of the field in which the birds are nesting. The surest way to find the nest is to observe the movements of the birds. But even this is not always easy for the old bird is ever alert, and after you have seen the shy bird alight and disappear, you will frequently find that the sly creature will sneak from the nest. through the grass when you approach the situation. When there are young on the ground the old birds will try the allurements of this kind of birds, and attempt to lead you from the situation by feigning lameness. There are many species of birds in America which are not included in the arbitrary list called game birds, and yet are held in high esteem by the shooting fraternity. Itis hard'y fair to give the woodcock and jack snipe a higher posi- tion in the seale of the gunner’s estima- tion simply because they lie well to the dog,while many others of this and other families will not do so. Thelist of game birds, as well as fishes is simply an ar- bitrary one, and we are at liberty to make alist to suit the fancy of each hunter. The Field Plover, according to my observation of more than a quarter of a century, is one of the most alert and wary snipes that we have; and anyone who proves himself capable of stalking the birds in their selected quarters, gives evidence of possessing the prowess: of an educated nimrod. Because of its scarcity, and as well from its elusive ways, it is but little, or not atall known to the gunner who habitually hunts with a dog, for that class of men rarely comes in contact with it, as we know that the gunner who hunts with a dog are not generallyshooters. Nevertheless, there THE OOLOGIST. 105 is as much skill required to successf lly hunt the Bartramian Sandpiper succes:- fully as wasever required to take the snipe, bob white or woodcock. Yes— and far more, for the patience required is out of all proportion to the chances of a decent-sized bag. September is the best month to hunt this lively bird, although in many quar- ters where unprotected, the birds are gathered in in August, and evenin July and when the immatures are often too young to fully care fur themselves. The Upland Piover is found over a wide range of country and has been found breeding from the East to Alaska. Itis rare west of the Rockies, and is becom- ing scarce in the east, where a gunner | thinks himseif in good luck it he bags two or three onatrip. I have hunted this bird in Massachusetts, Michigan and Illinois, and have found it the same elusive, active bird in all sections. Where it 's hunted in the East with de- coys it is not a grand success, and while there are about a score of other shore- birds, large and small, which are lured, this plover is not commonly called in on account of its shrewdness and penstra- tion Such a thing as a potshot is not known and the chances are even against getting a good sirgle, for the birds are scary and rarely give a better show than at fifty yards. Adding to this that they are vigorous flyers and are capable of carrying off a good sized load apparent- ly, and it will be seen that the Upland Plover or snipe is a diflicult bird to cap- ‘ture. As a table bird, there are none better, and the delicacy of a bird of the season shot in the autumn is equal to that of anything placed before the banqueter. But let me add, that they should never be hunted in the spring, both from the fact that they lack the layer of fat which adds so largely to the flavor, and as well, it is not consistent to shoot in the spring under any conditions Morris Gisss, M.D, Kalamazoo, Mich. A Story of My Life; By Chondestes grammacus strigatus. WM. L. ATKINSON, SANTA CLARA, CAL. In the following story I shall en- deavor to record a true history of my life which has been one of trials and tribulations as I think one will admit after having read it. My true name is Chondestes gram- macus strigatus but | am perhaps bet- ter known to the inhabitants of this large worid as Western Lark Sparrow. I first saw the light of day in a nest on the ground in a large meadow in that beautiful country of California where I was hatched and reared with a brother and two sisters. Those were indeed happy days! My father sitting ona small bush near our home would favor us with many beautiful songs while my mother fed us with the grain, worms and insects which made up our usual meal. When we -were able to fly and to partly look after our own well being a happy party we were, flitting around through the hedges and meadows ad- jacent to our home, our ever watchful parents warning us of approaching enemies in time for us to make our es- cape. Here, however, my first great calamity befell me. One day we were all feeding along a roadside when a boy with a long destroyer which madea great noise killed my father, brother and sisters, and injured my mother so severely that she could not fly and was captured and killed by adog. I was also wounded, being shot in the leg, and although I escaped and soon re- covered sufficiently to walk, I have never regained full use of that leg. After the loss of my family I was very lonesome and wished a great many times that I had been destroyed with them. However, J soon fell in witha family party of relatives, Spizellu so- cialis, and when I had told them my troubles they invited me to join them, 106 which I very gladly did. A short time after I joined them it began to grow cold so we all decided to leave our present abiding places and go in search of a warmer clime. We traveled many days in a southerly direction, over broad rivers, green fields and large for- ests, until we at length arrived ina beautiful country of large orange groves where the air was ever warm and pleasant. As there was a great variety of food here, we decided to re- main for an indefinite period. At this time I had a dispute with one of the sons of Mr. Spizella soctalis and as the whole family took sides with him I de- cided to leave them. After I left their company I wander- ed around, meeting many of my rela- tives, but was not content to abide long with any of them until I met a gentle- man who bore the same name that I did and who informed me that he was my uncle. He was very glad to see me and invited me to join his family, which consisted of his wife, one son and two daughters. His daughters were very beautiful, the younger one especially, and I immediately fell in love with her. The days passed very pleasantly now and very rapidly also. I had but one serious adventure, of which time I narrowly escaped being caught and devoured by a cat. The time was now approaching when I felt inclined to return toJmy old home, and as I disliked to travel alone, I asked and received permission of my uncle to take his youngest daughter with me. We were duly married, and after re- ceiving some good advice from the old folks, set out upon our journey. I was so happy [ could not refrain from singing nearly all the time, and my wife was good enough to tell me that I sang very well, almost as well, in fact as her father. This made me feel quite flattered; for her father was a vocalist of repute. After traveling leisurely northward for a time we came THE OOLOGIST | to a beautiful valley which was covered with fruit trees, at this time in full bloom, and their fragrant and beautiful blossoms made one think of Paradise. I was told that one of these orchards was owned by a friend of the birds, called an Ornithologist, so we travelled until we found it In this orchard many birds were nesting, and as they told me he never allowed their nests to be disturbed, we decided to remain here and build our summer home. The on- ly difficulty was that there were no bunches of grass growing in the orchard and the traditions of our family tell us that we should always build our nest on the ground under a bunch of grass or weed. However, we decided at last to build in the first forks of a large prune tree about one foot and a half above the ground, and so began building our home on the 16th of April, 1899, of twigs, straw and rootlets. The inter- ior we lined with soft fine grass and hair. By working hard we had our nest ready for the eggs nine days after we started it, and five days later found my mate sitting upon five beautiful eggs, four of which were hatched twelve days later, or upon the 8th of May. My happiness was then complete, but it was soon to be turned to sorrow, for when our babies were but two days old two terrible dogs tore down our home and devoured them, although we tried in every manner possible to prevent them from doing so. After we had somewhat recovered from the shock occasioned by this ter- rible loss we decided to build again, this time selecting a fork in a prune tree two and one-half feet up, in which we ,built our nest and which in due time held three eggs, they being hatch- ed upon the 5th day of June. We thought we had placed our home high enough up in the tree to be secure, but in this we were mistaken, for upon the 8th of June, our home was destroyed THE OOLOGIST. 107 and our babies devoured by the same arch-criminals who had murdered our other family. After this last sad exper- ience, my mate became sick and never tallied, dying of a broken heart ten days after her babies were destroyed. Soon after her death, I left the scene of my many troubles for the beautiful southland, where I am at this time wan- dering around in a state of loneliness bordering upon despair, and waiting the welcome time when I shall join my wife and family in our future home. Hawk Notes—Oological—1899. MarsH Hawk. May 19th was the day I had appointed for exploring a marsh where I expected to find nests of the above named species. After some time I finally flushed a female Hawk off her vest, out of aclump of small will- ows where the water was several inches deep. The nest contained only two eggs, desiring full and complete sets only, I moved on, as a full clutch gen- erally contains five eggs and an egg being deposited every alternate day. I calculated the set would be complete about the 25th. My time being limited I soon turned homeward without any further find of interest. Next day, this being the 20th,I set out in another direction for sets of the same species, found a nest on a piece of wild rough upland right in a clump of small willows, but this contained only one egg. Again I made a hasty calculation and set the day to return on the 27th. Making a few notes in my book, I mov- ed on, found a nest of Cooper’s Hawk, but that will come under its own head- ing. Well on the 25th according to figura- tion I yisited nest No. 1 and found Madam Hawk at home. After coming within five yards of the nest she flew up revealing five bluish-white eggs, no markings whatever upon them. Nest situated in several inches of water sur- rounded with small willow bushes. Composed of sticks coarse weed stalks, brier stems, etc. on top of which was a quantity of grass. Nest measured 16 inches across with a depression of 2+ inches. The 27th following was the day set for collecting set No. 2, but something unexpectedly turned up and I was de- layed until the 30th. On which day I might have been seen making tracks for the Hawk’s nest. When I came to ‘within ten rods of the nest, the male came to meet me cir- cling and crying overhead. AsI drew nearer he would now and then swoop down at me with loud cries as if to drive me away. The female soon flew off the nest, I suppose she knew by his cries of alarm that something awful was coming. She now joined her mate and the two came at me with renewed force, they would swoop and dive un- pleasantly close to my head while I was examining the nest. This also held five eggs; hastily pack- ing them securely and taking all neces- sary notes I took my departure as quick as possible. This nest was constructed of brier and weed stalks, coarse grass and roots, on top of which was an abundance of dry grass. In color the eggs are white with a tinge of blue and very faintly marked with light brown spots and stripes detected only on close examination. The eggs of this species have fre- quently been described, with markings of different colors upon them. $I have collected in this region for the last six or seven years and have examined up- wards of a dozen sets from this locality and the last described set is the only one, that was marked in any way, and that is very faint. From four to six eggs is the complement, five, however, is the general rule, while four or six are only occasional. 3383 COOPER’S HAWK. On ,May 20th after finding the second nest of ‘the 108 THE OOLOGIST Marsh Hawk, I soon entered a medium sized grove of about sixty acres. As I was wandering aimlessly about not caring particularly where I wentI soon found myself confronted by a barbed- wire fence, looking up suddenly I got a faint glimpse ofa dark object in the tree tops not faraway. Stepping over the fence, I hurried rapidly on in that direction ,until I could see the nest plainly. At-first I thought it was an old Crow’s nest, but it looked suspic- ious. All this time i was looking up, but could see nothing on the nest in the form ofabird. [ll just go round to the other side I thought. There was considerable undergrowth about the tree on this side, so I made a small cir- cuit and on coming up on the opposite side I saw what appeared to be a gray tail protruding over the nest and knew instantly I had found something of more interest than a Crow’s nest. Going up to the tree as there was no brush on this side I rapped on the trunk with a stick I had picked up for that purpose immediately a Hawk of some species rose off the nest and sailed away. I being under the branches could not see the bird very distinctly so was unable to name it. Not knowing what species it was I re- solved to await her return, so going a little ways off I sat down on the ground. I had not long to wait, however, before she was circling over the tree-tops. Her keen eyes must have observed me, although I sat perfectly quiet, for she did not alight on the nest, but came very close. Being satisfied that the bird was Cooper’s Hawk. I arose and went to the tree, as the nest was only thirty feet from the ground I was soon looking in it. When I saw its four white eggs with a faint tinge of blue there was left no doubt as to the iden- tity. Being in a very uncomfortable posi- tion I soon descended bringing the four freshly laid eggs with me. Following is a description of the nest as then tak- en. Outside and general appearance as a Crow’s nest, situated in the main fork of a black oak tree, thirty feet from the ground. Composed of medium sized sticks externally, over which were placed finer ones, bark, grass, leaves, ete. Two eggs have very faint markings of light brown upon them, not hardly noticeable. 337 RED-TAILED Hawk. Of this species two sets were collected. The first nest being placed in the topmost branches of a burr oak tree, which showed little or no attempt at conceal- ment and was probable the accumula- tion of many years. From March 22nd to the 30th the Red- tails were seen repairing the old nest. So on April 3rd a party consisting of a . neighbor, my two brothers and myself set out after ‘big game” as one of the party termed it. After a pleasant walk in the fresh morning air we ar- rived on the field of action. The nest was easily seen at a distance of half a mile as the nest tree was one of the outermost ones, but we did not see any Hawks near. When we came up to the nest we first realized its dizzy height and the dangerous position it was placed in, for the top of the tree was greatly inclined. After some discussion I was finally elected to do the climbing and the con- tents of the nest were to be mine for the undertaking (that is if the nest con- tained any eggs.) At first I hesitated but as the morning was fair and there was no wind I thought I might possibly make it, so at length said, “I’ll try.” The climb was long and tedious but was accomplish nevertheless and now! There was my reward, two eggs! The nest was a huge structure and very old without a doubt. Outside measurements were 14 inches deep and two feet four inches in diameter. In- THE OOLOGIST 109 side three and one-half inches deep by nine inches in diameter. Composed of very coarse sticks, weeds, ete. On top of which was a quantity of inner bark of trees and a corn husk. The eggs were warm as ‘incubation was commenced, although the old birds were not around at the time, but were seen at the nest later on. After lower- ing the line I made my descent as quick as possible and measured the same which proved to be forty-five feet, and the place where it came down eighteen feet from the base or trunk of the tree. So you will understand that the tree was much inclined, having few limbs the climb was very dangerous. The eggs were ordinarily marked and incu- bation commenced but the cause of the birds’ absence was not: determined. On April 29th as I was prospecting for Owls and Hawks nests in the same piece of timber as the above I discover- ed another nest of this species which happened as follows. I had climbed a giant oak to the height of about fifty feet to where there was an old cavity, when I saw towering up in the distance a huge nest which was in the highest tree around and easily seen above all the others. After walking in that di- rection I finally saw the female rise off the nest and fly away soon to be seen circling around with her mate over- head. This nest was placed in the very top- most limbs of a ‘‘black-oak” or ‘“‘pin- oak” and elevated to the height of some fifty odd feet. Slow, but sure I made my way up, now and then a dry and decayed limb would snap off under my feet and send a thrill through my body. Although it was a still'day every little breeze would make the tree sway ter- ribly I thought. At length I came up to the nest, or rather up under the nest, for I could get no further. I now had a fine view of the surrounding forest tree tops. Holding on with one hand under the nest and with the other I reached out over and onto the nest and found it contained three eggs. Putting one egg in each of my vest pockets and survey- ing the nest carefully, noticing the mat- erials, etc. I started downward. When my feet once more struck the solid earth beneath I rejoiced. ‘Then care- fully taking the three eggs from as many pockets I laid them on the ground all safe, a beautifully marked set. In color they are a greyish-white minutely speckled all over with light brown and lilac, while over the whole are again large blotches of rich brown and lilac. The marking of the two are confined to the smaller end, while the third is uni- formly marked. Incubation in this set was quite far advanced. This being without a doubt the same pair as the first set of eggs was taken from for it was in the immediate vicin- ity of the first nest, and their second attempt at nidification. This nest, however, was newly built and constructed almost entirelv of pop- lar sticks, on top of which was spread a quantity of bark strips, moss, leaves, etc. Having only one hand to work with I could not measure the nest. I am satisfied with the statemant made above, that the nest was newly built, for the ground at the base of the tree was thickly covered with sticks, which dropped from the lofty site at the commencement of the_nest. 343 BROAD-WINGED Hawk.—From the above described Red-tails nest, I now struck out toward the setting sun, finally I came to a ravine in the woods, crossing this stretch of land covered with brush and second growths, all the large trees having been cut into cord wood a few years previous. [still keep my course westerly. Now and again I would stop and watch the squirrels and emigrating birds. Suddenly I thought of the distance I was from home and that I was getting further away every 110 minute, the sun having already set. So I turned about and started homeward in a northeastern direction. I now re- crossed the ravine, but at its northern end where it was narrow and sparingly covered with brush and second growths. Directly opposite the ravine from where I started to. cross it, was a large oak, about a rod back from where the big trees were again growing. As the tree was in my direct course I passed within a few feet from it. When I stopped to look up and ‘admire its beauty. I indistinctly saw in the main fork a nest of sticks. Immediately I made preparations for ascending, and as I did so a Hawk flew therefrom and into the fast approaching dusk. The nest was not very high so it did not tase me long to come up to a level with it. It contained two eggs which were new to me, these were a light blue and covered on the larger end with blotches of rich brown. In size somewhat larger than the eggs of either the Marsh or Cooper’s Hawks while decid- edly smaller than those of the Red-tail- ed or Swainson’s Hawks. As it was an incomplete set I decided to leave them for several days for completion. Making my way downward and gath- ering my effects I groped my way through the woods in a homeward di- rection. The sky was clouded over and a storm threatening. After clearing the woods my progress was both rapid and easier and I was soon at home, just in time for supper. After heartily partaking of the same I consulted the authorities, such as were at my com- mand, and placed it as probably the Broad-winged Hawk. Several days later, on May 4th, to be correct, I slipped away from my work for a brief visit to the Hawk’s nest. As I found nothing on my way in the Rap- torial line I will not stop to describe. the tramping to the ‘‘New Nest.’’ Suf- fice tosay the day was exceedingly warm for that early date and that I was THE OOLOGIST. quite exhausted at my arrival at ‘“Hawksville” asI often of late called this particular grove, which seemed quite well supplied with various spec- ies of Hawks. After coming within sight of the nest I saw it was occupied by Madam Hawk. Accordingly I rapped on the tree with a stick, but she refused to leave and only did so after repeated loud rap- pings, when she slid from the nest and flew across the ravine and with a grace- ful upward curve alighted among the branches on the opposite side. I was now satisfied that the species was as -1 had before placed it, Broad-winged Hawk. The nest now held four eggs, a beau- tiful set, in fact the prettiest Hawk’s eggs I have ever seen. They are white with a bluish tinge, with small brown spots all over them. Three are beauti- fully splashed at the large end, while the fourth is sparingly marked at the smaller end with delicate brown or light chocolate. The egg with the markings on the smaller end was the last laid, as the bluish color is perfect while the others are .bleached out in various stages, which is often the case with incubation from fresh to advanced. The nest was constructed of coarse sticks, bark, etc., on top of which was spread a quantity of fine ones and stripes of bark. Diameter on top 20 inches which tapered down to a few inches at the bottom according to the crotch in all 15 inches deep with a de- pression of two inches. Situated in the main fork of an oak tree right next: to the trunk and 31 feet from the gronnd. After making a small tour about the grove I returned to this nest to find the Hawks there, where with the best op- portunity I fully identified the species to my entire satisfaction. Epw. W. SPRINGER, Owatonna, Minn. THE OOLOGIST __BIRD-JoRE. © 111 Partial Contents of June Number: Song-Birds of Europe and America Compared, ROBERT RIDGWay. How to Conduct Field Classes, FLORENCE MERRIAM BAILEY. The Origin of Dickcissel, ERNEST SETON-THOMPSON. Letters from Governor Roosevelt, and Bishop Whipple; The Milliner’s proposed agreement not to use the plumage of North American birds; Notes from Field aud Study, Book Reviews, and some remarkable bird photographs. 20 cents acopy. $1.00 a year. THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, 66 Fifth Ave., NEW YORK CITY. EAM UMA ANUAILIAAMIAMLUAUAS LIAL The lamp that doesn’t flare up or smoke, or cause you to use bad language; the lamp that looks good when you get it and stays good; the lamp that you never willingly part with, once you have it; that’s Che New Rochester. Other lamps may be offered you as “ just as good ” —they may be, in some respects, but for all around goodness, there’s only one. To make sure the lamp offered you is genuine, look for the name on it: every few Rochester lamp has it. We make oil stoves too, just as good as the lamps; in fact, anything in oil or gas fixtures. THE ROCHESTER LAMP Co., 38 Park Place and 33 Barclay St., New York. What Did I Do? I sent H. W. KERR, Publisher of the NATURALIST, (Farm) and FANCIERS REVIEW $1.00 for FIVE YEARS sub- scription and FIVE 25 word Exchange Notices and I recommend it to YOU. Its Natural History Department edited by Isador S. Trostler of Omaha, Neb. is in need of your Attention, not to say but what the the Belgian Hare, Poultry, Pigeon and Pet Stock Departments are all leaders. July 1st this offer expires and subscription advanced to 50cper year. Sample copy free. Ad. Rates based on actual issue. Address, H. W. KERR, Pubr., Blencoe, lowa. HIS PAPER is printed at the Book and Magazine Publishing House of A. M. EDDY, Albion, N. Y. BOOKS I have thousands of volumes relating to Natural History. Incase I’ve offered anything during the past year which you can use please favor me with list of wants and allow me to quote ‘“‘SPEC- IAL’ prices. All must be sold. Your attention is particularly called to my Book Lists in the June-July and October (pages 142-148) 1899 OoLoaistTs. If [ve anything left which you want or can use I would be pleased to be in- formed of the fact and will endeavor to see that the matter of ‘‘price’’ will not be a barrier in making a transfer. Frank H. Lattin, Publisher of OdLocGisT, Albion, N. Y. 112 THE OOLOGIST BARGAINS IN BOOKS FOR THE NATURALIST. I have them by the thousand and offer below many very rare and desirable titles at prices way below actual value. Of most I have only single sets or copies. All are new or good as new uniess otherwise stated. Prices are by mail, express or freight 3t purchaser’s expense —will ship cheapest way. Money returned at my expense if books wanted are sold. Prices -good un- tilSep. 15,1900 Only. After that date, write first. Remit in most convenient way. Address plainly and in fu FRANK H.LATTIN,A Allen, A Monograph of the Bats of North INmericay 198 3138p lees rere ees $ 1 40 Bendire, Life Histories of North Ameri- can Birds. Rare and almost unobtain- able. Only a few vols. on the market atany price. Vol. I, $9; vol. II, .7 50, (OnE OXON H al yO) Ieee pocoecbdes, oocacsonatoceses seco Brown, Atlas of Fossil Conchology with descriptions and illustrations. 98 full page tinted steel plates containing 3500 figures. Royal 4to. London, 1889. (S20 NOW) a © Wyre ee cane S Chapman, Frank M., A Handbook of the Birds of Eastern North America......... Cope, ‘The Batrachia of North America, BPD} O), haa TU te ce ceesnce Gobemeeconccceccoe ‘Cope, Vertebrata of Tertiary Formations, 4to, 1043p, 134pl............ Reda RCo ae gina = Coues, Field and General Ornithology—A Manual of the Structure and Classifi- cation of Birds with Instructions for Collecting and Preserving Specimens, YEG). TON as ee eee ccdecis codecpeseodeqoosacecas Dana, Manual of Geology, 1st ed., 800p; over 1000figs ($5), 1.45; 2d ed.,............... Donaldson, The George Catlin Indian Gal- lery with Memoir and Statistics, 940p, 144p1 and maps (8.50).-.........---------+-------- Goss, Col. N. S., History of the Birds of Kansas (7.50), new and lasted............ ‘Headley, Structure and Life of Birds, AGI ay, Avan ER TS es en ceorscnocodoscacneaconasosccea=O ‘Ingersoll, E., Birds’ Nesting (1.25)...... ..... JARDINE’S (Sir William) NATURALISTS Library. Post 8vo. Eacb volume con- tains 200 to 8350p and about 30 plates engraved on steel and colored from nature, also many wood cuts, original set cost $50. Have just received a broken set in poor condition, loose in covers &c. Text and plates, however, jn clean and fair condition. Edin- burgh, 1835-1840. I have: Ichthyology (Fish), 4 vols., lot only.. -.... The Hummingbirds, 2 vols., lot .............. Jones, Cassell’s Book of Birds, four vols., 1250p, 400 large ills., 40 col. pl., 89 col. Jordan and Gilbert, synopsis of the Fishes of North America, 1018p......... ...-...-..--- Kingsley,Popular Natural History,A Des- cription of Animal Life from theLow. est Forms Up to Man, 2 vols, 728p, 507 ills,, many pl., Boston ’90...... ......... 16 00 8 00 2 35 2 35 3 20 2 25 1 90 1 20 1 90 7 20 3 30 @ 25 Lesquereaux, Cretaceous and Tertiiary Floras, 4to, 295pp, 60pl.........-.... -------- = Maynard, The Butterflies of New Eng- land, 4 to,76p, 10 hand col. pl. showing 250 life size specimens, rare, valuable, out of print............-........ sss et Seat 2 Morris, Nest and Eggs of British Birds, 2vol., 154 colored plates, 1859...... ......... Mcllwrath, Thomas, Birds of Ontario ($2) Nature, Vol. XXXI to XXXIV, unbound, COSt:S122 eee 3 Oe eee = Ornithological and Natural History Pub- cations, can furnish back No’s of al- most anything published in America durlng the past 25 years. Write wants Pennsylvania State 2d Geological Sur- vey, 38 vols. cloth, many plates, maps, figs., &c., thousands of nages, $35_.._... Ridgway, Ornithology of Illinois, vol. I, SAD DBI GG Mets). eacerencenzenanaadsoncnosuccaceoces Scudder, Nomenclator Zoologicus (An Alphabetical list of all Generic names employed by Naturalists for Recent and Fossil Animals from _ earliest times to 1880), 716p-...........-. -. - -.-- eesssees Scudder, Tertiary Insects of North Amer 1Cas 4to; (340528 ple eee - Shufeldt, M. D., R. W., Scientific Taxid- ermy for Museums, 71 full page plates Gf TOR NEXEIS|, WEDS Moen s5posatensocescos0s: nossercasace: = Smithsonian Reports, 43 vols. from 1853 OBO. 1m CHUIST Ve cee sees eee Stegneger, Poisonous Snakes of North America, 144p, 19pl, 70fig............---...---- Studer’s ‘Birds of North America. 200p, ea on pl., imp. 4to; full Morrocco, (845) ee eens 2 Vennor, Our Birds of Prey, or the Eagles, Hawks and Owls of Canada, 30 large photograph plates, ($12 00) .............--.. Whites The Migration of Birds, 140p EAS 1 ee ee eM De bn ec enone ce Wilson, Study of Prehistoric Anthropol- ogy, Hand Book for Beginners, 76p, VO, Beit eee sorecaaemeamategernees CoescoscssoIGS0020 Wilson, Prehistoric Art. valuable to stud- ents, 340p, 74pl., 325fig.........-.------.--------- Wood, Animate Creation. Revised_and adopted to American Zoology by Hold- er, 60 parts, complete, 30 page ole- ographs, 60 plates and profusely illus- trated, (315) Ridgway, Hummingbirds, 132p, 46pl, 47fig FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. Special discounts on large orders. uy LBION, ORLEANS CO.,N.Y. 5 20 2 90 13 80 4 40 90 95 1 40 6 00 1 90 - Lattin’ Standard Catalogue of North American Birds Eggs. Enlarged (contains 72 pages) revised, March, 1£$6. Gving all of the new A. O. U. changes and additions. sub-ordrs, families and sub-families. into orders Single copy 10 cents; 3 for 25 cents. corrected and brought up to date of going to press— Also divided and subdivided ~ THE OOLOGIST. A MONTHLY PUBLICATION DEVOTED TO OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. VOL. XVII. NO. 8. ALBION, N. Y., SEPT.-OCT., 1900. WHOLE No. 169 Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department for 25c per 25 words. Notices over 25 words, charged at the rate of one-half cent per each additional word. No notice inserted for less than 25c. Terms, cash with order. Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-third list rates. What’s Your Number? Examine the number following your name on the wrapper of this month’s OOLOGIST. It denotes when your subscription expired or will expire. : No.169 your subscription expires with this issue igi eo Dec. ier a = “ Apr., 1901 180 rs iG cs «6 ept., ¢ 184 +6 be 6s CC eDOC He Intermediate numbers can easily be deter- mined. If we have you credited wrong we wish to rectify. HEAR YE! Hear Ye! Hear Ye! This is to certify that my advertisements in the OOLO- GIST have paid me better than have the com- bined ads. in most of the amateur and natural science papers. Ads. in the OOLOGIST always bring returns, and it is safe to say that thereis no paper having three times the circulation of this widespread periodical which can give equal satisfaction. MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich TO EXCHANGE.—Eggs of this state for eggs of western or southern states. Please send list and receive mine. ED. T. SCHENCK, No. 20 Highland Terrace, Gloversville, N. Y. FOR SALE or exchange.—A fine copy of Ridgeway’s Manual for best offer in cash or first-class sets. A. E. PRICE, Grant Park, Ill. WANTED.—First-class sets with data. Will pay cash if cheap, or exchange revolver, shot guns and a pair of pearl opera glasses. Send me your complete lists. JAS. 0. JOHNSON, Southington, Conn. c EXCHANGE.—Warren’s Birds of Pennsyl- vania, 100 colored plates, for sets with data, ornithological and oological books of cash. Sets preferred. Make me an offer. E. R. FORREST, Washington, Pa. WANTED.—Second-hand ‘‘Coues’ Key’’ or ‘‘Ridgeway’s Manual,” also other books relat- ing to natural history. State condition of books and lowest cash price. ALFRED O. GRASS, Atwood, I1l. PLATE HOLDER—Double, 5%x5¥, Blair Camera Co., ($1.00), prepaid 44c. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion N. Y. WANTED—Sets of eggs containing abnor- mal specimens, Such as runts, unusually large, abnormally marked or unmarked, curious shaped, etc. Will give good exchange in fine sets or will pay cash. Headquarters for Ken- tucky, Golden-winged and Worm-eating Warb- lers’ setS with nests. Whip-poor-will and Ruby-throated Hummingbird. J. WARREN JACOBS, Waynesburg, Pa. F2WANTED.—Singles of Golden Eagle, Sand- hill Crane, Little Brown Crane, Duck Hawk, Penguin, Rhea, Swallow-tailed Kite, Pileated Woodpecker, Parauque, Merlin and many other large singles and sets for choice South- ern eggs with full data, such as Royal Tern, Am. Oystercatcher, Willet, Wilson’s Plover, Laughing Gull, ete. DR. M. T. CLECKLEY, 457 Greene St., Augusta, Ga. 170 WANTED.—Correspondents in every county of New York, who can furnish complete anno- nated lists of the birds occuring in their local- ity. Also tocorrespond with all bird students in the east having photographs of birds, birds’ nests and eggs. DR. MARCUS S. FARR, New York State Museum, Albany, N. Y. “T can say a gocd word for your paper. I never have to put the same ad. in twice to get rid of anything I have to exchange.” RAY DENSMORE, Perry, O. FOR EXCHANGEH.—1, 8, 133 2-4, 263 1-4, 273 1-3, 482 n-2, 465 2-42540 1-4, 546 1-4, 593 1-3, 595 1-4, 598 n-3, 624 1-3, 675 1-5, 704 1-4, 455, to exchange for anything not in my collection. RAY DENS- MORE, Perry, Lake Co., Ohio. I will exchange full sets of 65, 72, 80, 191, 194, 211, 258, 269, 280, 337, 466, 474b, 616, 619, 633, etc., for sets not in my collection, or for late editions of Historical, Educationai or Fictitious works or any good books by standard authors. Send lists of what you can offer. All letters answer- ed. H. S. WARREN, 149 Gladstone Ave., De- troit, Mich. CHOICE southern sets of Royal Tern, Brown Pelican, Willet, Wilson’s Plover, Laughing Gull, Clapper Rail, Black Skinner for sale very cheap or exchange Sets or singles. DR. M. T. CLECKLEY, 457 Greene St., Augusta, Ga. 3t CODDINGTON MAGNIFIER(Miners’ glass), diameter 3in, cost $1.50, prepaid 95cts. FRANK H. LATTIN,Albion, N. Y. 114 MAKE MONEY.—By securing a county agency for our New Edition of the Reversible U. S. and World Map. This map is 66x46 in. in size, being the largest one-sheet map pub- lished; mounted on sticks ready to,hang; eley- en beautiful colors. One side shows a grand map of our great country and inset maps of its new possessions. The other side shows an equally good map of the world. On receipt of $1.25 we will send a sample copy by prepaid express, and will inform you how to obtain a trial agency. Our men clear from $15.00 -to $35.00 weekly after a month's work. Maps can be returned if notsatisfactory. Yours truly, RAND, McNALLY & COMPANY, 160-174 Adams St., Chicago, Ills. 172 FOR SALE:—Clutches of European species, White Gryfalcon, Gryfaleon, Merlin, Green Sandpiper, Greenshank, Golden Eagle, Gray Sea Eagle, Kestrel, Sparrow Hawk, Honey Buzzard, Peregrine Falcon. Hobby Egyptian Vulture. Apply, GORTON, 2 Upper Glouces- ter St., Pendleton, England. 171 WANTED.— Will trade books of all kinds for good matched pairs of ivory Elks teeth or sin- gle teeth; also collections of U. S. stamps bought for cash. Address, HALL N. JACK- SON, 36 W. 6th St., Cincinnati, O. 170 COLLECTORS —Send for my latest bargain list of first-class sets andsingles. Noexchang- a L. ZELLNER, 1825 Oak street, Los Angeles, al “T don’t know whether my ad. has reached its time limit yet or not, but stop it any way. My supply of exchange material was exhaust- ed some time ago and replies to the ad. still come in. F. P. DROWNE, 20 Benefit St.. Prov- idence, R. I. FOR SALE.—Fancy Belgian Hares, by do- mestic and imported bucks. Several litters from champion bucks. Will exchange for first- class, fresh skins to mount. R H. BECK, Berryessa, Santa Clara Co., Cal. FOR EXCHANGE BY TAYLOR’S CATA- LOGUE:—6 1-5, 12 1-1, 13 5-1, 16 3-1, 27 5-1, 5-2, 30 5-1, 30a 5-1, 40 1-1 1-2 1-3 at $1.00; 49 1-3, 51a 2-2 2-3, 58 1-3, 69 2-3, 70 5-3, 72 5-3, 74 1-3, 771-8, 92 1-1, 106 5-1, 112 1-1, 115 1-1, 118 1-2, 120a 1-2, 122 1-2, 127 1 15 1-1 1-8, 180 1-7 1-8, 132 1-7, 140 1-12, 159a 1-3 1-4 at $1.00; 901 4-4, 204 1-3 1-4, 208 1-6, 211 1-8, 212 1-6, 214 1-14 1-17, 219 1-7, 221 1-5, 224 1-3, 225 2-4, 226 1-4, 242 1-2, 246 1-2, 263 5-4, 274 1-2 1-3, 289 1-16, 300 1-5 1-10, 305 1-15, 297a 1-8, 316 2-2, 319 1-2, 320 2-2, 387 2-2, 388 1-2, 390 1-2 1-7, 394 1-3, 402a 1-5, 406 1-5, 440 1-5, 412 1-7, 413 1-5 1-7, 417 2-2, 420 1-2 423 1-3 1-4 1-5, 429 n-2, 456 n-4, 465 2-3, 466 1-3, 467 1-4, 471 h-3, 476 1-5, 477 2-4 2-5, 478a 1-4, 488 2- 4 7 2 1-3, 497 1-4, 498 2-4, 501 14. 50l¢e 1-5, 5 5 1-5, 5l1a 1-6, 512 1-3 1-4, 3 19 1-6 1-6, 528 1-3 1-4 at $1.00; 529 1-4, 538 1-4, 546 n-4 550 2n-5, 550 2n-4, 5 558 n-4, 559 1-3, 560 1-4, 563 1-3 1-4 plus 495a 578 n-4, 581 3-5, 58ic 1-3, 585 n-2, 59ic 1-3, 594 n-4, 4 3, 9 593c 1-4, 595 2-4, 596 1-3, 598 1-4, 599 1-4, 601 1-4. 604 1-4, 611 1-4, 612 4-4, 619 1-4, 622a 1-7, 622c 1-4. 620 1-2, 633 1-4, 1-4 plus 1-3 of 495a, 630 n-3, 624 1-3 1-4, 627 1-4, 652 1-4 n-4, 674 n-5, 683 1-4 1-5, 684 n-4, 687 n-4, 607 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5, 702 1-5, 703 1-5, 704 1-3, 705 1-3, 708 1-3, 707 1-4, 713 1-4, 715 n-3, 719c 1-6 , 21 1-10, 721a 1-4, 725 2-5, 727 n-4 0-5, 735 1-5 2-7, 743a 1-5 n-6, 746 n-3 n-4, 755 1-4, 756 1-3 n-4, 758 2-4, 761 1-3 1-4. All are North American. J. D. SORNEORGEE, 101 Hammond St., Cambridge, ass. FOR EXCHANGE:—Edison Home Phono- garph, full equipment and 3 dozen records all nearly new, also one 4x5 new ‘‘Korona’’ cam- era. Wanted Long-focus Camera (4x5 or 5x7) THE OOLOGIST WANTED in any number sets of 6, 7, 58, 60. 68, 64, 65, 69 72, 75, 76. 79, 118, 125, 126, 131, 137, 189, 140 147, 149, 150, 153, 172, 190, 197, 204, 205, 206, 214, 118, 224, 225, 228. 230, and Waders, 255, 261 263, 273, 277, 289, 294 309, 310, 328, 326, 329, 332, 334, 337, 339, 348, 352, 355, 356, 364, 375, 372, 387, 388, 390, 393, 394, 412, 416, 417, 428, 498, 501, 554, 558, 601, 611, 614, 619, 624, 761, any Warblers. Offer first-class. exchange or cash. Wanted for cash 166, 131, 239, 238, 231, 255, 327 and other good sets. Nat- uralists’ Books, Hornaday’s Taxidermy Ben- dire’s Life Histories and others. 16 or 12 guage double-barreled shot gun, camera 4x5—Premo B preferred—and outfit. Can offer 300 species. of eggs. Skins or mounted birds. Send list and make offer. D. WILBY, 27 Front St. West, Toronto, Ont. 170: BELGIAN HARES.—Fine young pedigreed Belgians, $6.00 per pair. Does bred to bucks, $8.00; per pair, $12.00. Atrioof one buck and two does, $15.00. Correspondence answered. Rabbits carefully shipped. WARREN EB- ERLE, Escondido, Cal. 171 TAXIDERMIST’S OUTFIT:—Contains one heavy Cartilage Knife; 1 nickeled and engrav- ed Scalpel with tip Shaped for detaching skin, muscles, &c;1 pair Scissors; 1 pair Forceps; 1 Dissecting Hook;1 Brain Spoon; 1 pocket Wire Cutter. Instruments best, all packed in polished Hard-wood Case. A better outfit than the one always sold at $3. I have only four outfits and will close them out at only $2.20 prepaid. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. SNAPS in Manitoba Collected Eggs. The following first class sets with data collected and for sale by CHRIS. P. FORGH, Taxidermist and Collector, Carman, Manitoba. Prices per set prepaid. Grebes, Horned, 2-7 35c, 1-6 30c; Eared, 1-8 16c; Pied-billed, 1-8 8c; Loon 1-2 $1.00; Terns, Black. 1-3 6c; 2-2 4c; Mallard 1-9 down 36c; Pintail 1-8 down $1.00: Cranes, Whooping, 1-2 $3.00; Rails, Sora, 1-9 9c, 1-11 11¢, 1-12 12¢; Coot, 1-10 10c, 3-11 llc, 1-14 14c;,Sandpipers, Least, 1-4 $4.00, 1 single 50c; Bartramian 9-4 40c, 1-3 80c; Killdeer 3-4 20c; Grouse, Gray-ruffed 3 singles 20c each: Pinnated 1-10 60, 1-9 45, 2-12 60; Sharptail, 1-6 $1.50 Dove, Mourning: 4-2 2c; Hawks, Marsh, 4-5 25c. 4-4 20c; Redtails 6-3 45c, 6-2 30c; Krider’s 8-2 70c; Swainson’s 3-4 $1.00, 5-3 75c, 2-2 50c; Owls, Long-eared, 1-7 35c, 2-6 30c, 3-5 25c, 4-4 20c; Short-eared, 1-7 $1.75, 1-4 61.00; W. Horned. 1-2 $1.00; Yellow-billed Cuckoo 1-4 4c; Flicker 1-9 4}¥c, 1-8 4c, 1-7 3c, 1-5 2%e; Least Flycatcher 3-4 8c, 1-3 6c, 1-2 4c; Pallid Horned Lark 1-4 80c; Blue Jay 2-4 4c; Crow 2-5 5c; 6-4 4c; Blackbird, Yellow-headed, 3-4 2c; Red-winged, 2-4 2c, 1-5 24%c; Rusty 1-3 75c; W. Meadowlark 2-5 5c; Baltimore Oriole 1-3 3c; Bronze Grackle, 1-7 3%e, 2-5 2%c, 2-4 2c; W. Ves- per Sparrow, 1-4 5c; Clay-colored, 20-4 with nests 25c; Purple Martin, 1-4 8c; Cedar Wax- wing 1-36; White-rumped Shrike 2-5 5c, 1-6 6c; Blue-headed Vireo 1-4 $1.00; Catbird, 2-5 2%c, 3-4 2c; Brown Thrasher, 2-4 2c; Yellow Warbler, 2-5 5c, 3-4 4c, 2-3 8c; Wren,.Bewick’s, 1-7 20c, 2-8. 25c; House 8-6 6c; Long-billed Marsh 1-6 6c; Robin 1-4 4e. WILL SELL FOR CASH or exchange for sets of Ruby-throated Hummingbirds: n-2 n-2 Costa’s Hummingbird, n-2 n-1 Allen’s Hum- mingbird. n-2 Calliope Hummingbird, n-2 Broad-tailed Hummingbira, n-2 Black-chinned Hummingbird, n-2 Rufous Hummingbird. GEO. H. SWEZEY, 70 Jackson St., Newark, N. J. TO EXCHANGE for A1 sets A. O. U. num- bers. sets and singles:—6, 59, 120, 202, 214, 221, 305, 333, 366, 561, three vols I, II, III, Auk, per- fect, ten boxes Chinese shells. Enclose seamp. for reply. J. W. PRESTON, Baxter, Iowa. THE OOLOGIST. AGENTS WANTED. German Electric Razor Hone, guaranteed to equal the best hone made. Can use water, oil or lather. Will last a lifetime. Each Hone packed in a neat card- board case. Every one perfect. Just the thing for private use. Price 75c. We want an agent in each township to whom exclusive sale will be given. Write for sample and agent’s outfit. Sent by mail. A money coin- er. Address MARSH MFG. CO., No. 542 West Lake St., Chicago. SNAPS in MOUNTED BIRDS AND SKINS. 3 Snowy Owls $3.00 each, Great Horned Owl $2.50, Barred Owl 81.50, Sawwhet $1.00, Short- eared with mouse in claws $1.00, Hawk, Swain- son’s male $1.50. Broad-wing 81,00, Marsh ‘‘red breast’’ $1.00, Bittern $1.00,;Eared Grebe $1.00, Marbled Godwit $1.25, Cream-colored var. beauty $5.00, Golden Plover spring _black- breast 75c, Pectoral Sandpiper 50c, Silvery Sandpiper 50c, 2 Killdeer 50c, W. Meadowlark 50c, Blue Jay 50c, Pine Grosbeak male 50c, Evening Grosbeak 50c, male Least Flycatcher 50c, pair N. Hairy Woodpeckers on stand $1.25, pair Pine Grosbeaks on stand $1.25. Skins, White Pelican $2.50, Rough-legged Hawk $1.00, Shoveler Drake 50c, Marbled Godwit 50c, W. Meadowlark 20c, Killdeer 20c, Wolf skin dress- ed $1.50, Newfoundland Dog $2.00. CHRIS. P. FORGG, Carman. Man. 60 var. old Colonial Coins 35c, Indian Toma- hawk 35c, 50 old coins 12c, 3 old Liberty cents 18c, 1798 1 cent 10c, Hoy cent 12c, my premium list 5 Curiosities, 8 Rare Stamps, 1 Reiic, 1 old com all for 12c. W. P. ARNOLD, Peacedale, FANCY PIGEONS, ETC:—One pair of Red- wing Turbits $1.50, one pair Black Bald-head Tumblers, Atwood’s stock, price $4.50, one fine Pointer Dog, $20.00 will take him, one Zulu Breech-loading shot gun, 12 gauge, second hand, price $3.40. JAS. O. JOHNSON, South- ington, Conn. TO EXCHANGE!—The following finely pre- pared sets of eggs, Nos. 452 1-5, 759b n1-5,:595 1-4, 706 1-4, 622b 1-6, 598 1-4, 6591-4, also finely mounted birds for eggs in sets or singles, stamps, mounted birds or ornithological liter- ature. WM. F. EASTMAN, Rockland Military Academy, Nyack-on-the-Hudson, N. Y. FOR SALE:—Fine first-class sets with data. Green Heron 2-428c; Black-crowned Heron 1-3 24c, 1-4 34c; American Crow 2-6 23c; Red-eyed Vireo 1-3 20c, 1-4 30c; Snapping Turtle 1-23 69c, 1-28 89c, 1-29 90c, 1-41 $1.20. Prices are per set prepaid. JAS. O. JOHNSON, Southington, Ct. in like condition or rare eggs in sets. THOM- AS H. JACKSON, 343 E. Biddle St., West. FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE:—Varied Thrush, Slender-billed Nuthatch, Curve-billed Thrasher. Violet-green Swallow, Louisiana Tanager, Painted Bunting, Shufeld’s Junco, Jackdaw, Stellar’s Jay, American Three-toed Woodpecker, Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, Road- runner, Screech Owl, California Partridge, Green Heron, Yellow-billed Tropic Bird and Franklin's Gull. G.H. SWEZEY,§ 70 Jackson St., Newark, N. J. EGGS POR EXCHANGE:—I have about fifty choice sets to exchange for any eggs not in my collection. Send list and receive mine. J. S. Appleton, Simi, Ventura Co., Cal. CABINETS FOR EGGS, Insects or Shells, either single drawersjor cases or complete, also W. I. Shells toexchange. Prices, etc., from T. G. PRIDDEY, 371 Carlton St., Toronto. 115 TO EXCHANGE FOR EGGS IN SETS.—One Navahoe Indian, white wool, hand woven rug, 4x5 ft.,a very handsome thing. One pair 2% lb. Indian Clubs and 6 dozen 4x5 negatives, in- cluding the National Yaht Races, Battle Ships, Cruisers and Torpedo Boats, Railroad Wrecks and Birds from Nature. Write for whatever you want, giving list of eggs offered. NG postal cards. J. B. NEWTON, Unionville, FOR SALE;—Breech-loading shot guns from $6.50 to 850.00, Winchester rifles, Colts, Marlin Stevens, etc., canvas hunting coats from $2.75 to $5.00, pants $1.75, one old flint lock musket, can be shot, price $4.75, one Smith and Wesson 22 cal. revolver, price $3.90. Write me your wants. JAS. O. JOHNSON, Southington, Ct. ‘‘You might as well be out of the Bird World al- together as go without THE OSPREY.”’ THR OSPRBAEKY:;, An Illustrated Monthly Magazine of Popular Ornithology. Edited by Theodore Gill, in Co-op- eration with Robert Ridgway, L. Stejneger, C. W. Richmond and Other Eminent Ornithologists. THE OspPREY does not keep a poet, but it has an office cat who can catch more birds than all the poets put to- gether. If you don’t believe this, read. THE OsPREY. If you want to buy, sell or exchange specimens, advertise in THE OsprREY. If you want to keep in with other Bird Men, subscribe for THE Osprey. If you want to write about Birds, you can do it in THE OSPREY, provided you know how to write. If you like a beautifully printed and pro- fusely illustrated magazine, all about Birds you MUST HAVE THE OSPREY. TERMS—ONE DOLLAR A YEAR. Published by THE OSPREY COMPANY, 821-323 44% St., Washington, D. C. BOOKS | I have thousands of volumes relating to Natural History. Incase I’ve offered anything during the past year which you can use please favor me with list of wants and allow me to quote ‘‘SPEC- IAL”’ prices. All must be sold. Your attention is particularly called to my Book Lists in the June-July and October (pages 142 143) 1899 OoLoGisTs. If I’ve anything left which you want or can use I would be pleased to be in- formed of the fact ana will endeavor to see that the matter of ‘‘price’’ will not be a barrier in making a transfer. Frank H. Lattin, Publisher of OdLoGistT, Albion, N. Y. 116 Have you tried my process of Rapid Taxidermy? If not you will be gratified by a big surprise. ‘There is money to be made by the preservation of specimens for the market or the school, par- lor, office and den. Any boy, girl or sportsman may learn this method at the first attempt,and decorate the trophies and birds of the neigh- borhood. The cost is next to nothing, and when several go in and work together, there is no cost. You may make money in any town or the country, On receipt of $1.00 cash or stamps I will send the complete printed instructions to mount Birds, Mammals, Heads, etc., and one pound of the Preservative, ready prepared for the work; together with complete directions for dressing skins with the hair on, for rugs, robes and hangings, and in addition I will make the extra inducement of offering the for- mula for making the Preservative Compound, with the privilege of selling the same. The process will be exchanged for $3.00 worth of stamps, or for other exchange. What have you to offer? Address MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich. The Student’s Shell Collection. This Collection contains Forty Small Shells collected from all quarters of the Globe. all of which are numbered to correspond with a cat- alogue, which gives their proper, common and scientific names, with the locality where found. These shells when purchased individually and properly labelled would cost from 2 to 25 cents each. The following are the specimens found in this collection: Scorched Murex, Thorny-nosed Murex, Fish Basket, Gem Shell, Inflated Olive, Lettered Olive, Rice, Dove, Thunder Storm, Pelican’s Foot, Ringed Cowry, Snake-head Cowry,Money Cowry, Rye, Porcelain Rump, Boat, Worm, Brown Snail, Yellow Pea, Beaded Tower, Tow- er, Bloody Tooth, White Tooth, Zebra, Wheel. Venetian Snail, Key-hole Limpet, Many-lined Bulimuius, Hunch-backed Partula, Black- mouthed Tree Snail, Banded Tree Snail, Little Agate, Silk Worm, Pea Nut, Banded Melam- pus, Indian Wampum, Angel Wing, Sun, Scal- lop and Jingle: Price $1.00. If sent prepaid 6 cents must be added to pay postage on same—otherwise it will go by ex- press at purchaser’s expenses. SPECIAL:—Until Jan. 1, 1901 will send one of the above collections prepaid for ONLY 31 CTS. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. JAMES P. BABBITT, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Taxidermists’ Supplies, Bird Skins, Eggs & Publications. Fine Imported Glass Eyes a Speeialty. Illustrated Catalogue and large monthly bulle- tin of bargainsin Birds Skins and Eggsfree upon application. TAUNTON, MASS. THE OOLOGIST THE COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB Has published three-fourths of the most inter- esting descriptions of the nests and eggs or rare species of the West, which have been printed during the past six years, including the Hermit Warbler, Western Evening Gros- peal waite throated Swift,California Vulture, etc., ete. It is now publishing “THE CONDOR” Formerly the BULLETIN of the COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB. A crisp and breezy 16 to 24 page bi-monthly bird journal, illustrated as required. The arti- cles are all from field workers and have a ring which enthuses the live ornithologist. The only Bird Magazine devoted solely to the Or- nithology of the Great West. Always out on time! You want it! Subscription $1 a year. Sample copy, 20c. For sample, address C. BARLOW, HEditor-in- chief, Santa Clara, Cal. Subscriptions to DON- ALD A. COHEN, Business Manager, Alameda, Cal. Subscription may commence with No. 1 (Jan- uary, 1899.). Fine Assortment of INDIAN BUCKSKIN and Beaded Goods. Moccasins, large.......8 75to$ 4 00 up medium.:.. 50 to 3 00 oe small...... 25to 2 00 Pappoose sacks........ 12 00 to 25 00 Money bags............ 25to 1 00 Long blanket belts..... 3 00to 6 00 Small vests ...... 4 00 to 10 00 @hapanaios;=.02. 5-6: 7 00 to 15 00 Coats see See 8 00 to 20 00 Knife scabbards........ 75 to 1 50 Pipeseciaas ciceciee Soe 125to 5 00 Pipe and lg.tobacco bag 4 50to 10 00 Wariclubs®:..cla5....- 75 to 2 50 War bonnets........... 4 50 to 10 00 Head ornaments....... 75 to 2 00 Dressed dolls.......... 75 to 5 00 Deer skins with Indian painted figures, accord- ing to size........ .-- 5 00 to 20 00 Best made goods and satisfaction guaranteed. Express prepaid on orders amounting to $5.00. CHAS. F. HEDGES, Miles City, Mont. THE OOLOGIST. VOL. XVII. NO. 8. THE OOLOGIST. A Monthly Publication Devoted to OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND - TAXIDERMY. FRANK H. LATTIN, Editor and Publisher, ALBION, N. Y. Correspondence and items of interest to the abruent of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited rom all. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: Single subscription.........-. eeeee50C per annum Sample copies........ agagadoos conqdo ouaKdO Ae GEXEH The above rates include payment of postage. Each subscriber is given a card good for a Want, Exchange or For Sale Notice. (This card is redeemable at any time within one year from date thereon.) Subscriptions can begin with any number. Back numbers of the OoLoaist can be furnished at reasonable rates. Send stamp for descrip- tions and prices. &=-Remember that the publisher must be noti fled by letter when a subscriber wishes his paper stopped, and all arrearages must be paid. ADVERTISING RATES: 5 cents per nonpareil line each insertion. 12 lines in every inch. Seveninches in a col- umn, and two columns to the page. Nothing inserted for less than 25 cents. No “special rates,” 5 cents per line is ‘‘net,” ‘‘rock bottom,” “inside,” ‘‘spot cash” rate from which there is no deviation and no commission to agents. If you wish to use 5 lines or less space it will cost you 25 cents; 100 lines, $5.00; 1000 lines, $50.00. “Trade” (other than cash) advertise- ments will be accepted by special arrangement only and at ratesfrom double to five times cash rates. Due Bills and Cards payable in advertis- ing will be honored only at regular rates in force at the date of issuance of said bill or card. Remittances should be made by Draft, Express or Postoffice Money Order, Registered Letter or Postal Note. Unused U.S. Postage Stamps of any denomination will be accepted for sums un- der one dallar. Make Money Orders and Drafts payable and address all subscriptions and com- munications to FRANK H. LATTIN, Aibion, Orleans Co., N. Y. a. =a282 4¥ THE POST OFRICE AT AASIOM, HV, AB SEOOND-OCLASS MATTER, — pee A Day on De Cicheo Island. BY B.S. BOWDISH. What collector, whose observation has been more less confined to birds ALBION, N. Y., SEPYL.-OCT., 1900. WHOLE No. 169 rather solitary in their nidification, has not felt his nerves tingle with respon- Sive sympathy, as he read the account of the visit of some fellow-collector to the island home of the gregarious sea birds, and has not longed for the time to come when he too might realize this novel experience. This then was my experience when with my Company I came to Aguad- illa to relieve H Co. Standing on the west shore of Porto Rico, in front of this little town one allows his gaze to wander across the expanse of rippling waves where twenty miles away in the usually lazy atmosphere indistinctly rise the rugged outlines of a rocky islet. This is DeCicheo. Enquiries regarding this island re- vealed that it was uninhablted by man, save by transient fishing parties, and that it was the home of myriad water fowl. Eagerly peering through a rath- er unreliable telescope, the property of one of the Co. members, went far to confirm the latter part of this informa- tion, revealing a maze of birds winding and circling in the haz3 with which the island was enveloped. Thus it may be easily imagined that from an indefinite wish there came to be gradually matur- ing plans in my mind for an invasion of this ornithological paradise. From the beginning it seemed that in devel- oping these plans I constantly encoun- tered obstacles, but passing over these after much persistent effort, on the ev- ening of June 23d, at 10:30 I found my- self seated in the stern of a staunch little twenty-foot one-master, and tiller in hand I guided the small craft away into the uncertain gloom that the twin- kling stars did little to relieve, the two 118 THE OOLOGIST. boatmen bending to their oars for the breeze did not even stir the idly flap- ping sail. It was probably some hours later when a faint breeze stiffening the sail, one of the natives relieving me at the tiller, I stretched myself in the bag- gage in the boat’s bottom and from throughts of the morrow’s prospects, my mind glided away into that shadow land where it is no surprise to take eggs cf the Great Auk from Robins’ nes's. Osce during the night I heard the ery of ihe islands first herald, presuma- bly a Laughing Gull, but little roused from slumbers was I until the grey of night’s last hours was resolving itself into the light of dawn. Clear cut and rugged, the object of the trip met my geze, but still some distance away, and now indeed its inhabitants were send- ing out messages in plenty. Occasion- ally, on easy, graceful wing the Frigate Bird, (regatta aquilla) soared aloft while, silver-white, a Gull or Tern dashed lightly above the waves, too far away to be recognized, but the most freqent form, and one which at a dis- tance suggested a rather heavy, clumsy duck, was the Common Booby (Sula sula) These birds often flew low over the boat, craning their necks and star- ing down at us as though questioning the cause of our invasion. Passing to the north of the island we continued to the west coast where, in a little cove we dropped anchor. At the back of this cove a slight hollow under the rocks formed the camping place ofa party of three native fishermen from Mayaguey, and here too we established our base of operations. On ledges of rock directly above this camp site, and all along the coast the Noddy Terns, (anons stolidons) were breeding in numbers. The island may possible be two miles across in its widest place. In places the rocky walls rise direct from the water, in others fringed by a narrow beach, and they rise to a height of ten to fifty or sixty feet, from their sum- mits the slopes stretching up to fairly lofty pinnacles and densely grown with an impenetrable jungle of bush and vine, while fringing this and liberally sprinkling the rocks are many ¢actus, of whose presence the over-eager col- lector becomes painfully aware. I regretted greatly not having a cam- era that [ might have depicted some of the scenes of bird-life. Nearly all of the birds are remarkably fearless, as the denizens of these islands are usually described, it would be hard to ‘find more willing sitters than many of these birds would have proved. Unquestionably the most abundant bird of the island was the Common Booby. Unfortunately I was late (or in the wrong time) for eggs of this spe- cies. In one case I saw a young not over half grown Booby, and from this there was every stage of size and plum- age up to young strong on the wing. One of my natives volunteed the in- formation that these birds breed on the beach, laying on the open sand, and that the eggs are bluishin color. Of the birds of this part of the world it is hard to say what is a late date for nest- ing since there seems more or less con- tinuity and irregularity. For instance I have found eggs of Cuthia bicolor al- most every month in the year. 1 found, too, that I was late or out of season for the Frigate birds, one of the specimens I brought back being an ap- parently full-grown young male, but whose plumage was very undeveloped, head and much of plumage white, bill and feet blue, and tail square, having as yet not developed the fork. These birds were fairly plentiful and one or more could be seen at any time sailing within easy gun-shot often nervously closing and opening the forks of the tail. Another bird, six or seven specimens of which, I had a glimpse of, I shall tHE OOLOGIST. not speak of now. ‘The identification is hazy as yet. Later I may be able to add a note relative to it. The Lauzhivg Gull I noted singly and in twos and threes but no evidence of their breeding here. What I regarded as strange was that I did not see a sin- gle Pelican. The Sooty Tern did the best for me in the way of eggs and the majority of these were badly incubated. I collect- ed thirty-four sets of one each and Ny could have taken many more. I also collected one recently hatched young, and at least one pair of birds in the ledges over our camp were feeding young apparently full grown. ‘The nesting sites were ledges or shelves in the face of the rocky walls, ranging be- tween ten and forty feet above the beach. Some were narrow and others wide. In one case the egg was laid un- derneath a cactus plant on top of the rocks. In some instances there seemed to be a slight gathering of rock chips and small pebbles about the eggs in the form of a ring, and in a very few one or two bits of twigs were added, but otherwise there was no nesting mater- ial and often the egg laid on the bare rock. In coloration the series that I took show considerable variation, the ground tint ranging from whitish through pinkish, to decided buffy tint, and the markings, chestnut and laven- der shell marks, ranging from few scat- tered dots to quite thickly marked, some specimens having well defined wreaths of small dots about the large end and one a single blotch, besides a few other marks, which measures 0.95 in diameter. I give below measure- ments of extremes and of eggs selected at random: 2.16x1.87, 2.11x1.35, 2 02x 1.41, 2.07x1.42, 2.06x1.38, 1.99x1.46, 2.06 x1.49. ; The Noddy Tern sits closely (as may be instanced by my native reaching ov- er the edge of a ledge and catching my first one in his hand), and when driven 119 from their egg quickly return, if per- mitted. Occasionally one bird is found nesting on some isolated ledge but usu- ally at least three or four in close prox- imity and sometimes seven or eight, according t» the facilities cf the site. When disturbed they dart from the ledge and close together they dart swal- low-like sbout the intruder’s head ut- tering angry cries. Their notes at this time and while feeding young are scarcely «!i-tinguishuble from the hun- gry mutterings of young crows. The only other bird of which I secur- ed eggs was the Bridled Tern (Sterna anethetus). These birds are nothing like as common as the Neddy. I think it doubtful if fifty pairs of birds were breeding on the entire is- land. They are also, I should j idge, later in their breeding, the only three nesting sites which I found occupied containing a single egg ia which incu- bation was only just commenced. Al- so I noted birds showing strong anxiety regarding certain nooks under the rocks, quite similiar to those where eggs were found, and I have no doubt that these were nesting sites selected but not yet laidin. In one such case the native caught the male bird on the nest, or at least in the nook The first egg was found in a slightly hollowed spot on a flat rock and arched over by asmall rock. No pretense at nesting material whatever. The second was io a sort of pocket in the face of the cliff at about 40 feet above beach. The third was under an overhanging rock about ten feet above beach. From the small amount of data I should judge that the birds almost always select rather hidden and covered sites and from this fact and the further one that they do not sit nearly so close as the Noddy, their nests are not so easily found, the Noddy Tern being usually easily seen in its nesting ledge, whereas the Bridled leaves its nesting site witha dash often before you see it. 120 The three eggs show quite a little variation and are markedly different from those of the Noddy. They are quite bluish in ground tint, the first one thickly sprinkled with cinnamon specks, the second much less liberally marked with large dots and the third with less and still larger markings. They measure as follows: 1.74x1.27, 1.80x1.23, 1.80x1.36. Sooty dart about one’s head with angry eries, the latter distinct from those of their relatives being quite like the high pitched enquiring note the crow some- times utters in fall and early winter. I lacked time to investigate as to land birds but noted one Mourning Dove and was quite sure I heard the notes of Vireo calidris and also of Mar- garops fuscatus. ‘That evening as we sat about the little camp fire sipping the coffee, which only the Porto Ricans know how to make, I felt as though I would gladly have put in a monthin this favored spot. At about 8p. m. we went aboard but the wind was so strong that the natives were unwilling to hoist sail Finally, after vain waiting until midnight, during which time I slept, they pulled up the anchor and leaped to the oars, and it took a half hour’s hard pulling to take us off the rocks sufficiently to set sail. In a few minutes I was again slumbering, and during the larger part of the trip I con- tinued to doze unmindful of the boat tossing like a cork on the waves, or the sheets of spray whica were drenching me. It was 1:30 p. m. the next day when we again reached Aguadilla, and notwithstanding the fact that I was not overiaden with specimens, still I felt well repaid for my trip and a bright spot in my memory will long be occu- pied by the wild little island of DeCi- cheo and its feathered denizens. NotTE.—Since writing the above it appears highly probable that had there been opportunity for thorough work at least two and perhaps more species of The birds like the | THE OOLOGIST Booby would have been developed, also that the Dove may have been the Zen- aida. Nests and Eggs. Perhaps no bird in America, certainly no bird in the Great Lake Region, equals the common Bob-white or quail in the number of eggs it sets upon. This bird not infrequently lays eighteen eggs, and even more are found in one nest, but I can assure the readers that with any other shaped eggs the Bob- white could never succeed as a success- ful setter. I will suggest that my friends with the specimens at hand, compare a set of twenty eggs of this species with an equal number of the same sizein longer and shorter diameter in any other bird, and note which lot occupies the smalier space. We may say for illustration, that the egg of the quail is triangular shaped, and fits in as no other egg can. With allbirds that lay a good sized set, so far as my observations go, the eggs are deposited inan exact circular shaped group. The bird must use reason in thus arranging them, for it is only by this order that they can all be properly covered. Not infrequently when a grouse is startled from her nest she tumbles one of her treasures from the hollow. If the eggis not too far removed from the nest it will be found returned to the nest within a day. I have been informed that the Brown Pelicans, which nest in vast colonies, steal eggs from one another’s nests in order to fill their comp!ements, or at. least take possession of these they find on the ground and roll them into their nests. Although this does not seem likely, I cannot dispute it and moreover there were strong proofs that such was. the case in many of the nests that I ex- amined in Florida. These nests which were always near together, contained four eggs, never more; one to three of THE OJLOGIST . 121 which were ready to hatch, while the remainder were fresh or neurly so. And again there would be egys in the same nest with young over a week old, or young ones varying s week or ten days in age. This pelican has not the conterminous habit, at least asa rule, for we fouud muny nests with three and four perfectly fresh eggsin them. One poiat is evident, if the charge of thievery is proven, and it is that the old birds know their limit as to nim- ber of eggs, for not in a siagle instance were mre than four eggs or young, or both, found in one net. When the young birds emerge from the eggs, the old birds carry the useless shells away, and itis rare to find any portions nearer than ten feet from the nest. The Robin and most of the other small birds simply fly with the shell and let it fail, but some species, as the shore birds will carry the bits of shell about for some time, ard the Spotted Sandpiper has been seen to carry the shells to the water and immerse the pieces. Some species of our feathered friends conceal their nests most effectually in holes and out-of-the way places; others build their nests in plain sight but rely on deception ofappearance, as the Hum- mer and Gnateatcher; and still others rely solely on the protection afforded by the markings and color of the eggs. The shore birds and terns and gulls re- ly entirely upon the protective colora- tion of their spotted eggs. Ihave often hunted in vain for the nest of the Spotted Sandpiper, Killdeer and Field Plover, when I knew that their eggs were lying in plain sight and probably quite nearto me. The Killdeer never builds a nest to my knowledge, but deposits its eggs on the ground, gener- ally selecting a spot in the field or lake front where there is a plentiful supply of gravel, which makes it very difficult to discover the speckledeggs. At times the old birds arrange the small pebbles ~ about the four eggs, and if this gravel is disarranged it will be found to be placed in position again by the follow- ing day. In the deposition of their eggs the birds differ vastly as to time required. The Great Northern Diver lays its two eggs two or three days apart, and many of the larger birds skip a day. This may be considered as a rule; that those birds which lay a good many eggs at a clutch are in the habit of de- positing aa egg a day during the period of deposition, while the birds which lay but a few eggs are more apt to have longer periods between the additions. The two cuckoos, Black-billed and Yel- low-billed, which usually deposits two or three, sometimes four eggs, often have periods of three days between the eggs, and always as much as two full days. ‘The small birds are all credited with laying the eggs in the crder of one a day, and some have beaten this record to a marked degree in the de- positing of a set of four or five. Once in the case of a Phoebe, the five eggs were laid in four days, and a Chipping Sparrow laid its four eggs in much un- der four days. The buzzard hawks deposit an egg every two days, while the Sparrow and Cooper’s hawks lay cftener. Great-horned owls have a period of two days between the deposit- ing of the first and second eggs, and as the eggs are generally laid in cold weather, the old bird begins setting as so nas the first egg is laid. From this it results that the young are hatched at two days apart and this difference in size is noticable until the birds leave the nest. The Rails lay an egg every day, as do also the Woodpeckers. Do birds carry their eggs and young? Some species certainly do, and have been recorded in the act. I have never seen this method of removal, but fully trust in the observations of my friends. An observer in whom I have confidence: tells me that he has seen the old Wood-. 122 cock fly with one of her young firmly grasped between her legs. It is a com- mon thing to find that abrood of young Woodcock has been removed from a locality over night. Other birds also carry their young, and in various ways The Wood Duck must transport her downy nestlings to the water from the hollow in the tree where they are hatched, for the delicate creatures could not drop from the height. Some maintain’ that the young are carried on the back, and others say that the old birds grasps the nestling in her beak. The only case of a birds’ carrying its young that I have met with, was in the Great northern diver, which I watched as she swam away with her two young on her broad back. A friend of mine whom I consider truthful, claims that he has seen the old Loon flying from one lake to another with her young on her back; and this does not seem unreasonable after I have seen the bird transporting her brood in the water. Capable writers who have witnessed the act say that itis a com- mon thing for Auks to hold on to their single egg when frightened from the cliff where setting, and to let the eggs fall in the seaas they fly. The bird evidently holds the egg between its legs as it rests on the rocky perch, and in being suddenly startled from its posi- tion holds to the egg, forgetting to re- lease it, or perhaps attempts to carry the egg as a Matter of fancied security. Observers have recorded the act of the Oyster-catcher in carrying its eggs, and insuccessively removing them to a place of safety. But it remains for the wide mouthed Goatsuckers to receive full credit for the remarkable habit of carrying their eggs in the mouth. No less an author- ity than Audubon claims that the Whip- poor-will at times carries its eggs in its mouth. I have never witnessed the act, nor have I met with anyone who has seen the bird carry an egg in its THE OOLOGIST. cavernous mouth. Still I believe that it isdone, and I fee] confident that the Nighthawk and Whip-poor-will are both given to transporting their eggs from one place to another. The Goat- suckers lay their -ggs on the ground or leav:s, and the eggs may be suitably incubated in most auy level field or wood. If then, the bird wishes to re- move its eggs to a place of safety, it is reasonable to think that it will do so if it has the ability. That it has the ca- pacity there is no doubt, as anyone will agree with me who will fit an egg of tke two species of birds into their owner’s mouths Although the eggs cf a species follow a type, and eggs of a kind are generally so nearly alike that an expert can identify them as rule, there are fre- quently cases of marked difference, and stranger still, there are not rarely in- stances where one or two eggs in an otherwise normal set are so peculiarly shaped, so large or under sized, or strangely marked, vr not marked at all, that the oddities in no way resemble the others of the set. To simply enum- erate a list of oddities would take too much of our space, for much investiga- tion has been devoted to this subject: Certain it is that much that is credited to an abnormal condition, especially as regards peculiarities in coloration, is nothing more than an idiosyncrasy of the bird. This is markedly noticable jn certain cases, where certain pairs of birds have laid characteristic sets of peculiarly colored eggs, and which have been noted season after season. So marked isthe set of eggs laid by a particular bird that collectors have recorded the peculiarity for years. For instance, many collectors makea speciality of collecting and recording the sets ol hawk’s eggs, and I have known of a collector telling just the route that was traversed by another “egg crank’’ by looking at the setts of eggs takenon aday’s trip. This knowl- THE OOLOGIST. 123 edge was gained by previous year’s experience with the same pairs of birds, for birds of prey, especially hawks, nearly always return to the same neighborhood, and generally to the same tree, and in my experience I do not know where a pair of hawks has been driven from a piece of woods by persecution from egg collectors, and the only way to getrid ofa pair of lo- cated hawks isto killthemor chop down the forest. It is difficult to satisfactorily account for the variations in the eggs ofa set, both as to markings and size and shape. Some hawks of my acquaintance lay very handsomely marked eggs, while others of the same species habitually de- posit indifferently marked shells; and still others lay very plainly marked examples in sets of otherwise well marked eggs, In the nests of certain pairs of Red-tailed and Red-shouldered hawks we are sure to find sets of eggs marked almost identically season after season. It isnot unusual to find in the nest of the Red-tailed hawk, one well marked egg and the other almost, or wholly without spots. The same pe- culiarities may be noted in the eggs of the smaller birds. For instance, some Pheeves habitually lay spotted eggs, and this variation from a standard will be found to obtain in all setsof eggs laid by this particular bird, as I have noted season after season. The Humming-bird in Illinois. It was so destined that many years should elapse from the time I began looking for the diminutive home of little “‘Trochilus colwbris,’’ until the day I should be rewarded for my untiring ef- forts, by finding one of these interesting little gems of bird architecture. This little winged fairy of dazzling brilliance, is well known as the smallest of all our eastern birds, yet a better idea of its tiny form may perhaps be realized, when we speak of its weight— a slight 20 grains—body, feathers and all. If I were asked what bird has proved the most interesting study for me, I should answer without hesitancy—the Ruby-throated Hummingbird. If Nature in some lenient mood should grant to me the creation of a bird-form in accordance with my idea of perfect- ness, I would stop at sight of the male “‘colubris.”” I would not change a single feather of this little creature, so perfect in form, so lithe in action, so resplend- ant in plumage, but if I might add .to his many charms, a sweet bird song, would he not indeed be perfect? The male Hummer is the more beau- tifulof the two, because of the rich, ruby throat, which is lacking in the fe- male. This beauty spot must be seen in strong sunlight, to fully appreciate its brilliant lustre, for few bird colors (in our northern zone at least) will equal or even approach the deep rich shades of ruby and green and the delicate sheen, of the live Ruby-throat. A dead bird in the hand, loses much of that fresh- ness and sparkling reflection, so notic- able in its active movements. An early Sabbath morning of the pres- ent season found mes rambling in the woods south of the village. Stopping for a moment’s rest under a small, bushy tree at the edge of the timber, I was soon unconsciously surrendering to a feeling of lethargy, when I was aroused. Three Ruby throats (two males and a female) with a buzzing introduction, presented themselves and alighted on a dead twig, within four feet of my face. The rising sun shone on them as they preened and smoothed their feathers, in the making of their morning toilet. A more beautiful sight I have never wit- nessed. I feasted my eyes on them, scarcely daring to breathe, until an ag- gravating mosquito caused me to make an uptimely movement. In a flash the 124 scene was changed—the living jewels were gone. The rapidity of the Hummer’s flight is one of its most wonderful achieye- ments. It possesses a miraculous force of energy in its tiny wings, so great a velocity that the eye finds extreme dif- ficulty in following its flight. Only a slight buzz with no perceptible change or exertion in its motion, is sufficient to carry it instantly from one flower to another. Indeed it is the only bird of my observation, that has seemed to have mastered the art of flying equally well, either forward, sidewise or backward. Not the least of its accomplishments, is the art of nest-building. Who has looked upon a nest of the Humming- bird and not marveled at the skill shown _in fashioning so dainty, yet so substan- tial a structure—a structure not within the possibilities of human hands. The Ruby-throated Hummingbird while not abundant, may be called a fairly common summer resident of this part of Illinois. It does not often ar- rive before May, but its departure in the fall is delayed until the frosts have claimed many victims. It is not of un- usual occurrance to find a Hummer hanging quite dead, to the vines about the residences, after a sharp October night’s frost. While it is from the flower-beds of the village yards that we form our ac- quaintance with little ‘‘colubris,’’ we must hie to the woods, if we would wish to pry into his family secrets. A limited number build their little homes in the vines and shrubs of the towns and in the orchards of the farm yards, but the great majority prefer the deep, dark, silent woods, where they are practically undisturbed. The rising sun of June 6, 1900, saw me ‘‘to the woods away” and an hour later I was counting warblers in a fine, old bit of timber in the Salt Fork bot- toms. I noticed a Redstart dart out in- to the open with a Hummingbird in hot THE OOLOGIST. pursuit ‘charging bayonets.” Ithought this action rather suspicious on the whole and particularly so when 1 saw the little charger return to the same vicinity. It was my intention to keep an eye on her,but “‘there’s many a slip” and I lost sight of her suddenly and completely. With the hopeless air of one ‘‘looking in a strawstack for a needle,” I remain- ed quite still. Scanning tne tree tops for that one wee spot where the nest was probably resting and particularly observing the innumerable, good loca- tions where the nest was’nt, I recalled the philosophy of a ten year old Ger- man boy who was wading aswamp with me earlier in the season. Ihad just ex- amined a likely-looking clump of weeds and remarked that it was a fine place for a yellow-throat’s nest. ‘‘Oh! lots of good places they is, Mr. Hess,’ the younster added, ‘‘but its not places we're after—its nests.” Another commotion in the tree-tops gained my attention. This time, a Wood Pewee had ventured too near the Hummer’s residence, and he too with surprised and painful cries, beat an ig- nominious retreat. For once, 1 was more fortunate and succeeded in locating the tree when little ‘‘coluwbris’’ returned and disapear- ed. Advancing to the tall slender sapling, I struck it lightly with my hatchet and immediately she was in the air, buzzing excitedly. I was now certain I had found the right tree, but was still un- able to locate the nest, until the Hum- mer settled upon it. The nest was saddled to a horizontal limb fully twenty-five feet from the ground but while almost invisible from ~ below, the bill and tail of the setting bird could be plainly seen. To climb so slender a tree was out of the question, but from a near-standing hickory, I gently bent the sapling by means ofa forked pole and safely secur- THE OOLOGIST. ed my first set of the Ruby-throated Hummer. The little female repeatedly left and returned to the nest as I drew nearer and at one time was within three feet of myhand. The nest was beautifully constructed of pure white wool and ar- tistically covered with small lichens—so perfect an imitation of a small green knot that ordinarily the eye would pass over it unobserved. Complete, the nest measures but one and one-half inches in diameter, with three-fourths of an inch diameter and one-half inch deep as inside dimensions. The two fresh eggs were typical speci- mens. Near by I found another nest almost completed. My examination must haye been resented by the owners, for it was promptly deserted and I collected the empty nest a month later. It was also saddled to a branch of a sapling but much nearer the ground—only 9 feet. An hour later, while passing through a very dark part of the timber, I startled another Hummer. Ordinarily, I would not have noticed the slight humming sound, but I was gradually becomming accustomed to the buzzing that so clear. ly determines the presence of one of these little birds. Cautiously advancing and intently listening, I succeeded getting in close proximity, the actions of the Hummer proving that I wasin ‘‘warm” territory. By following the same program as previously, I soon located the nest snug- ly fastened to a branch of a small sap- ling, just out of reach from the ground. This was a larger nest than my former fiinds, being two inches in diameter. It was also constructed of pure white wool and green lichens and contained two fresh eggs. Next season I expect to pass many pleasant hours with the Ruby-throats and while I hope to find many more nests, I feel that in justice to these in- teresting little neighbors, my cabinet 125 must not contain more than the two sets I now possess. Isaac E. Huss, Philo, Il. Association for the Protection of Wild Birds in Scotland. To the Editor of The Oologist : We beg to call the attenion of your numerous readers to this association which is now forming in Edinburgh, Scotland. The scheme is brought into existence by the pitiless destruction of hundreds of thousands of birds annually massa- cred, generally in the breeding season, to supply the demands of a barbarous fashion in dress and decoration. The world at large can ill spare the brightness of the rarer species, while agricultural districts suffer owing to the alarming decrease of the common kinds provided by nature as the great grub destroying agency; an agency for which science can find no sufficient sub- stitute. We ask the co-operation of your read- ers and as distance is no object in join- ing such a scheme, we hope to get a generous response. With the kind permission of you, Mr. Editor, we shall publish a list of all members when a sufficient number of names have been received. We shall also be glad to acknowledge any dona- tions which may be received to carry on such an Association. The public mind at this time is taken up with the war now raging in South Africa and rightly too, but the humane ought to give a little thought to the war which is being constantly waged against the birds in all countries. Trusting you will find space for this letter, Yours faithfully, W. A. Nickoxson (Goldfinch), JOSEPH ALLAY, 39 Tower St., Portobello, W. B. Scot- land. 126 The Giant Cactus as a Nesting Place. for the Western Red-tailed Hawk. The Giant Cactus (Cereus giganteus) is the favorite nesting place of the West- ern Red-tailed Hawk in the desert re- gion south of Tucson, Arizona. Sahuara is the Indian name for this cactus and is the most used name by the inhabitants of this region. It often reaches a height of forty fect, and on the branches the nests are built. The nest is generally built high enough to command a view of the surrounding country, and may be seen for a distance of two miles, or with field-glasses as far as you can see; for this reason it is an easy matter to find their nests, but not so easy to obtain their eggs. The position of the nests and the var- iation in the size and markings of six different pairs of hawks may be of in- terest. March 16, 1898. Nestin Sahuara, 16 feet from ground, made of sticks, lined with small sticks, grass and a few _ feathers, eggs, 2.32x1.87, 2.28x1.83. In- cubation six days, marked with blotch- es of very light brown. March 21, 1898. Nest in Palo Verde 12 feet from ground, made of sticks, lined with small sticks and bark, eggs, 2.22x1.80; 2.16x1.78; 2.15x1.79. Every egg is marked entirely different in this set, first spotted evenly with brown and lavender, having more lavender than brown; second, blotches and scratches of yellowish brown at great end; third, has three large and several small spots of dark brown. March 29,1998. Nest in Sahuara 18 ft. from ground, made of sticks lined with bark and grass; the bird before leaving nest covered up one of the eggs. Eggs, 2.25X1.85; 2.23x1.83. Incubation two- thirds, marked with irregular spots and blotches of light and dark brown. April 1, 1898. Nest in Sahuara 6 feet THE OOLOGIST. from ground, made of sticks lined with bark. Eggs, 2.28x1.77; 2.18x1.74. In- cubation begun. First egg marked with spots and blotches of brown, second with spots and blotches of lavender evenly over whole egg and at small end marked with blotches and scratches of brown. April 2, 1898. Nest in Sahuara 12 feet from ground, made of sticks lined with bark, grass and a few feathers. Eggs, 2.40x1.81; 2.32x1 90; 2.25x1.79. Incuba- tion six days; marked with blotches, spots and scratches of reddish brown, one egg has all the markings at small end. April 10, 1898. Nest in Palo Verde 10 feet from ground, made of sticks, lined with bark, leaves and feathers. Kggs, 2.28x1.85; 2.25x1.80. Incubation one-third, first, marked with light and dark brown and lavender, second, with light brown at small end. Some nests were over thirty feet from the ground. J. H. CLARK. A False Alarm. Whiie out on a ramble recently I was passing near a thicket, when just in front of me in the brush came very dis- tinctly the distress cry of a Robin re- peated several times. A number of robins from the neighborhood came to the rescue, and I, being curious to know the cause of the disaster, walked up close to the brush and looked in. What should I see but a lone ecatbird sitting on a branch a half a dozen robins hoy- ering around her. They, however,soon left and the Catbird hopped about act- ing as if she was really proud of the disturbance she had caused. What could have been the object bf the Cat- bird? D. S. BULLOCK, Agr’l College, Mich. THE OOLOGIST. 127 If You Want to Know isn how to form a library of bird books without expense, read BIRD-LOKE __ FOR OCTOBER. 20 cents acopy. $1.00 4a year. THE MacMILLAN CO., Mulberry and Crescent Sts., Harrisburg, Pa. Special Bargains in Shells and Fossils. MITRIDZ Twenty-two (22) species, 44 specimens. List value $455. My price prepaid only $1.70. VOLUTA. Tweaty (20) species, 25 specimens, containing virelens, harpa, hor- nis, cumminggtt and 16 others. List value $28.20. My price only $8.40 prepaid. OLIVIDA. Forty-nine (49) species, 94 specimens, comprising maura, porphy- ria, duclosiana, mustellina, bulbiformis and 45 others. Regular price $11.60. My price $3.40, prepaid. CONIDZ. Fifty-six (56) species, 70 specimens. Imperialis, betulinus, figul- inus, cardinalis, nanus and 51 others are in this collection. Regular price $20.45. My price only $7.40, prepaid. CYPRAIDZ. Thirty-two (32) species, 40 specimens. Specimens of note are Mappa, spadicea, stercoraria, ventriculus and 28 others. Regular price $9.05. My price only $3.35, prepaid. UNIONID.—One hundred and thirty-four (134) species (American) 450 speci- mens. All fresh live specimens. Worth at regular prices fully $100. Will send the entire collection prepaid for only $28.40. RARE OLD SILVER COINS of Great Britain.—A collection of 50 pieces from the reign of Henry II (1154) to that of Victoria. The collection contains coins minted during the reigns of twenty-two (22) ot Great Britain’s monarchs. The collection lists about $55.00, will sell as a whole for $22.50 prepaid. FOSSIL COLLECTION. A specially selected collection of Fossils for school used to I sell at $100. One hundred (100) species and about 500 specimens ranging in value from 5c. to $1.00 each. A very select and very valuable collection and is largely composed of Fossil Corals, all carefully labeled and prepared, and well worth $100. My price $33.50 prepaid. I have another collection similar to above put up to sell at $50.00, 100 species and about 200 specimens which I will send prepaid for only $15.75. AN EGYPTIAN IDOL, carved from stone or lava 1000 or more years ago, rep- resents an elephant or some other animal, measures about 4x24 in. Secured by a Missionary acquaintance from a mummy pit in Egypt and guaranteed genuine. Prepaid only $3.15. LARGE CORALS. 1 specimen of the Plate Brain Coral, Meandrina clivosa, from Bahamas measuring 22 in. in long diameter (16 in. short) worth $10; one of true Brain Coral, Meandrina cerebriformis, 11 in. diam. worth $5.00; one specimen of Pineapple Coral, Perites astrwoides, 10 in. diam. worth $3.00, will send the three specimens prepaid for onlv $8.60. Address FRANK H. LATTIN, Publisher, Albion, N. Y. 128 THE OOLOGIST. BARGAINS IN BOOKS FOR THE NATURALIST. I have them by the thousand and offer below many very rare and desirable titles at prices way below actual value. Of most I have only single sets or copies. All are new or good as new unless otherwise stated. Prices are by mail, express or freight at purchaser’s expense —will Ship cheapest way. til Jan. I, 1901 only. After that date, write first. Remit in most convenient way. Address plainly and in full FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, ORLEANS CO., N.Y. Allen, A Monograph of the Bats of North Americas i98p; 38pl2 2 ee -$ 1 Bendire, Life Histories of North Ameri- can Birds. Rare and almost unobtain- able. Only afew vols. on the market atany price. Vol. I, $9; vol. II, :750, OLADOTHGVOISS 5c. 2k aE ie a acl ee Brown, Atlas of Fossil Conchology with descriptions and illustrations. 98 full page tinted steel plates containing 3000 figures. Roya 4to. mondon, 1889. ($20.00) new. Chapman, frank M, A TSiemaaleore oe ine Birds of astern: North America........: Cope, The Batrachia of North America, 2010 PSO pole wdshO fiers Ie: Petes Se aes Cope, Vertebrata of Tertiary Formations, 4tom@lO43p; a134 pl .. 2h) See ee eee Coues, Field and General Ornithology—A Manual of the Structure and Classifi- cation of Birds with Instructions for Collecting and Preserving Specimens, BAA yy weilell 2 filo a a eae eaten eee ee Dana, Manual of Geology, 1st ed., 800p; over 1000figs ($5), 1.45; 2d ed.,.......-...2... Davie, Methods in the Art of Taxidermy, (10), now out of print and publishers supply exhausted, will soon be very EESTI ©) ee ee Re gS CY OEE a RE ee a Donaldson, The George Catlin Indian Gal- lery with Memoir and Statistics, 940p, 144 olan aaps) (ibO) pees eee eee rcs eee Goss, Col. N. S., History of the Birds of Kansas (7.50), new and lasted............. Headley, Structure and Life of Birds, AUB o tsnolteanig kel meee 2 eee eS Nees Ingersoll, B., Birds’ Nesting (1.28)...... ...... JARDINE’S (Sir William) NATURALISTS Library. Post 8vvu. Hach volume con- tains 200 to 350p and about 30 plates engraved on steel and colored from nature, also many wood cuts, original set cost $50. Have just received a broken set in poor condition, loose in covers &c. Text and plates, however, in clean and fair condition. Edin- burgh, 1835-1840. I have: Ichthyology (Fish), 4 vols., lot only.. -.... The Hummingbirds, 2 vols., lot .............. Jones, Cassell’a Book of Birds, four vols., 1250p, 400 large ills., 40 col. pl., 89 col. Jordan and Gilbert, synopsis of the Fishes of North America, 1018p ........ beast ee wast Kingsley,Popular Natural History,A Des- cription of Animal Life from theLow est Forms Up to Man, 2 vols, 728p, 507 ills,, many pl., Boston ’90_..... ......... Kirby (‘‘Lloyd’s Natural MHistory’’) Moth and Butterflies, 5 vols., each containing about 300 pp. text, 158 pl., beautifully and accurately illustrat- ing over 500 species true to nature, 1897 Lydekker, (‘‘Lloyd’s’?)Mammals: Mam- mals of Great Britain, Marsupials, Carnivora, 3 vols., 300 pp.ea.,100 col. pl. 40 16 0U 7 25 6 80 3 15 Lesquereaux, Cretaceous ard Tertiiary Hloras;4to; 295pp;- 60 ple ee eee by Maynard, The Butterflies of New Eng- land, 4 to,76p, 10 hand col. pl. showing 250 life size specimens, rare, valuable, OU OM print ieee 2 ee ee Ss Morris, Nest and Eggs of British Birds, 2vol., 154 colored plates, 1859 Mellwrath, Thomas, Birds of Ontario ($2) Nature, Vol. XX XI to XXXIV, unbound, COSUB12 2. (20. Peete eer Ge ee eee Ornithological and Natural History Pub- cations, can furnish back No’s of al- most anything published in America durlng the past 25 years. Write wants Ogilvie-Grant, (‘‘Lloyd’s’’), A Hand-Book to the Game Toe) 2 vols. of 300 pp. ea., 43 col. pl., Pennsylvania State 2d Geological Sur- vey, 38 vols. cloth, many plates, maps, figs., &c., thousands of nages, $35____.. Ridgway. Ornithology of [llinois, vol. I, B20 pool 5 A SSO es eee es ae oe a ete ee Sharpe, (‘‘Lloyd’s’’), A Hand-Book to the’ Birds of Great Britian, 4 vols. of 300 DP) Cache 24 Gols plates\a:9 tess nee eee Scudder, Nomenclator Zoologicus (An Alphabetical list of all Generic names employed by Naturalists for Recent and Fossil Animals from earliest TIMES SHOR SO eA 10 eee eee Scudder, Tertiary Insects of North Amer icaw4tonw (4p ye8 ple = ee ee eee - Shufeldt, M. D., R. W., Scientific Taxid- ermy for Museums, 71 full page plates or pages; textis ae ee 4 Smithsonian Reports, 43 vols. from 1853 OM S95.110 Cli siivie re eee Stegneger, Poisonous Snakes of North Ameria: 14479. sO pls 7 Of eee se eee Studer’s ‘Birds of North America. 200p, 119 col. pl., imp. 4to; full Morrocco, (B45) cose SE 2S ee ee e Vennor, Our Birds of Prey, or the Eagles, Hawks and Owls of Senne 30 jane photograph plates, ($12.00) .. Whitlock, The Migration of Bide 140p 97 Wilson, Study of Prehistoric Anthropol- ogy, Hand Book for Beginners, 76p, 20pl, 287 fig Wilson, Prehistoric Art. valuable to stud- ents, 340p, 74pl:, 325fig ... 2-2 ee Wood, Animate Creation. Revised and adopted to American Zoology by Hold- er, 60 parts. complete, 30 page ole- ographs, 60 plates and profusely illus- trated ,<($15) 2a ee eS eee Ridgway, Hummingbirds, 132p, 46pl, 47fig FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. Money returned at my expense if books wanted are sold. Prices good un- Special discounts on large orders. 2 10 475 3 90 1 40 3 20 3 10 5 20 2 90 6 20 2 10 13 80 4 40 90 95 1 40 6 00 190 THE OOLOGIST. A MONTHLY PUBLICATION DEVOTED TO OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. VOL. XVII. NO. 9. ALBION, N. Y., NOV., 1900. WHOLE No. 170 Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ ‘““Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department for 25c per 25 words. Notices over 25 words, charged at the rate of one-half cent per each additional word. No notice inserted for less than 25c. Terms, cash with order. Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-third list rates. What’s Your Number? Examine the number following your name on the wrapper of this month’s OOLOGIST. It denotes when your subscription expired or will expire. None your subscription expires with this issue m « “ Apr., 1901 180 ce ‘ sé os ept. be 184 6 be 6s “es Dec., oe Intermediate numbers can easily be deter- mined. If we have you credited wrong we wish to rectify. WANTED.—Books on Ornithology, Taxider- my, Electricity, Surgical and Taxidermist,s Instruments. Have well prepared sets, full data and Al skins. J. ROWLAND NOWELL, Portman, S.C. Elk, Moose and Deer heads mounted or un- mounted. Scalps of Elk, Deer and Moose skulls and Antlers. Wolfskulls, Buffalohorns. Fresh skins for mounting of Snowy Owls,Great Horn- ed: and Arctic Horned Owls, Golden Eagles, Sharptailed Gray Ruffed Grouse and Prairie Hens, Mounted specimens of any of these. ‘CHRIS P. FORGE, Carman, Manitoba. TO EXCHANGE.—A cabinet and collection of 125 species N. A. eggs in sets, with full datas, value $100, for U S. and forelgn stamps, will exchange as a whole or in small lots. Make me anoffer. Send for list, all answered. JOHN LEFAVOUR, East Brookfield, Mass. HERBARIUM SPECIMENS collected in Northern Illinois to exchange for those from elsewhere. I prefer those from the western Bia Address V. H. CHASE, Wady Petra, “THE BITTERN” for Dec. will be enlarged to 334x6 inches. Will commence with Vol. 1, No.1 again. Send toG. M. HATHORN, Cedar Rapids, Ig.. for sample. OOLOGISTS ATTENTION.—I have someth- ing which every collector of eggs needs. A liquid which will mend an egg so that it is al- most impossible to detect fracture. Will send a vial for every 50cts. worth of first-class sets sent me with data. Address, CLARENCE H. LUTHER, Fayetteville, Ark. P. O. Box 322. TO EXCHANGE.—Field or marine glass,new worth $10, extension hood and shoulder strap, “Jumelle’”’ make, for sets with data, ornitholo- ee or oological books, or cash. Sets preferred. We A. AMON, 707 N. Main St, Washington, enna. 3 FOR EXCHANGE.— New copy of Maynard’s Eggs of N A. Birds and Al sets to exchange for good book on taxidermy and taxidermists tools J. S. APPLETON, Simi, Ventura Co., Cal. FOR SALE.— Golden Eagle, old bird, finely mounted, best offer over $10 takes it, Full data furnished. H. A.SHAW Grand Forks, N :Da. BELGIAN HARES —Pedigreed and unpedi- greed, from noted strains Imported and domes- tic, quality guaranteed. Write for catalog and prices. OTHON. GAY, Camp Point, Ill. FOR SALE or EXCHANGE.—Many fine va- rieties of Sea Shells, Corals and Curios. Will sell for cash or exchange for singles or sets. Write for lists. E. L. WARNER, 101 Cottage St., Pontiac, Mich. 100 STAMPS all different for 5cts. A collec- tion of 500 for best offer in sets. JESSE C. A. MEEKER, 746 E. Main St., Bridgeport, Conn. FINE healthy doe Elk, 2years old, quiet and domesticated, $75.00. CHRIS P. FORGH, Car- man, Manitoba. TO EXCHANGE.—Vol. 2 Osprey, Vols. 10 and 11 Oologist, Vols. 3 and 4 Mineral Collector, for offer of eggs in sets. E. A. DOOLITTLE, Paines- ville, Ohio, Box 34. ONE very fine Musk Ox Robe well lined. 860: asnap. Also Black Bear robe beauty at %50.00- CHRIS P. FORGE, Carman, Manitoba. WANTED AT ONCE.—A good Taxidermist to help with work. Permanent job for the right man. Apply stating wages to CHRIS. P. FORGE, Taxidermist and Collector, Carman, Manitoba. CHOICE southern sets of Royal Tern, Brown Pelican, Willet; Wilson’s Plover, Laughing Gull, Clapper Rail, Black Skinner for sale very cheap or exchange sets or singles. DR. M. T. CLECK LEY, 457 Greene St., Augusta,Ga. 3t 130 WANTED —A good-sized Moose sealp. Cash. F. M. RICHARDS, Farmington, Maine. I have for exchange, sets and singles, 319, 320a, 593b, 709, 714 and 519b. Want sets and skins of game birds, and spar-ows. R. P.SHARPLES, West Chester, Pa. PIGEONS! PIGEONS! My lofts being over- crowded, have a few desirable Jacobins, Dra- goons, Tumblers and a number of odd ones. S. BIRD, 2d., 175 Broadway, Rockland, Maine. WANTED.—Sets of eggs containing abnor- mal specimens, such as runts, albinos, mon- strocities, abnormally colored or shaped eggs. Will give cash or good exchange. J. WARREN JACOBS, Waynesburg, Pa. 0701 FOR SALE or EXCHANGE for first-class sets. Mounted prints of Typical Southern Scenes, (Old slave Huts, Negro Characters,etc.) size of print 5x7 inches, mounted on 8x10 Bevel edge board. W.H.CONNERY, 404 Park Ave. West, Savannah, Ga. EXCHANGE.—For eggs in sets or singles, many common, new 375334% Camera, Spectra- scope; Eggs in sets). HRNEST H. SHORT, Box 173, Rochester, N. Y. 171 PETRIFIED and Silicified wood, Tourmaline and Amethyst Crystals large and fine speci- mens to exchange for other fine Minerals and Good Curios. Autographs especially desired. F. O. NELSON, 536 W. Galena St., Butte, Mont. EXCHANGE.—100 Noyels for Eggs in sets with full data, or foreign stamps. M. W. CHESLEY, 209 W. Prospect St., Kewanee, Ill. BUTTERFLIES and MOTHS.—In papers to exchange for others not in my collection or for Minerals, Shells, Bird Skins and Eggs in sets. DON GRAVES, 54 E. 6th St., Dunkirk, N. Y. I send you today some ads for your excellent paper. I must say that ads in your paper al- ways pay.—CHRIS P. FORGE, Carman, Mani- toba. “WANTED FOR CASH.—Sets of Osprey eggs also Bonaparte’s Gulland Hooded Merganser. CHRIS P. FORGE, Carman, Manitoba. SNAPS in mounted specimens, Snowy Owls $3.00, W. Great Horned Owl $250, Swainson Hawks Pr. male female 82.00,Marsh Hawk $1.00, Marbled Godwit $1.25, Golden Plower .75. Kill- deer .50, Bittern $1.00, Eared Grebe $1.00 Soli- tary Sandpiper .50, Meadow Lark .50. Pr. Hairy Woodpeckers on stump $1.50, Pr. Pine Gros- beaks on branch $1.50, Pine Grosbeak male .50, Even Grosbeak female .50, Least Flycatcher .50, Lark Buntain .50, Bohemian Waxwing .%, Barred Owl 81.00, Skin White Pelican $2.50, Meadow Lark .20, Killdeer .20, Shoveler Drake .50‘ Mink skins for mounting $1.00, Dogskin dressed for Mat $2 00. CHRIS P. FORGE, Car- man, Manitoba. FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE.— Rare birds eggs from Iceland, Labrador, Hudson Bay, Northwest Canada,MacKenzie Bay and Alaska. I want a few sets of Red-shouldered Hawk, Redtail and Broad-winged Hawks, Screech Owl Red-eyed Vireo. Cedar Bird, Bob white, Tree Swallow, Painted Bunting, Downy-Woodpeck- er, Cuckoos, Tufted Puffin, Pigeon Guillemot, American Bittern, Osprey, Willet, Ruffed Grouse, California Partridge, Ruby-throated Hummingbird nests and eggs, Barred Owl, Burrowing Owl and many others. Send for list of duplicates for exchange to W. RAINE, Waverly Villa, Kew Beach, Toronto, Canada. THE OOLOGIST EXCHANGE or SALH.—1 Rand, McNally 8inch globe. 1 Nests and Eggs; of North Am- Birds by Davie 4th edition, for eggs in pairs or sets. C. A. WHITH, Salineville, O. FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE.—A fine set of Draftsman’s Instrunents containing 12 pieces, cost $5.00, for cash, or will exchange for good set of Telegraph Instruments. Address, G. C. NICKELS, WEEKLY NEws, Albion, N. Y., or P. O. Box 562. * FOR SALF.—Wood Ibis 3-4, $1.30; Castas Hummer n-2, .80; Swainson’s Hawk 4-3, .49; Kriders Hawk 1-2, .75; Harris Hawk 1-4, .69; Arizona Cardinal 1-4, .60; Am. Long Eared Owl 1-4, .50, 1-5, .60; Louisiana Heron 3-4, .30; White faced Glossy Ibis 1-4,80; Crested Flycatcher 1-4, .20; Hawk Owl 1-4, $1.60; Am. Eared Grebe 1-5, .25; St. Domingo Grebe 1-4, .70; Ring Plover 1-4 .39; Man-o-war Bird 1-1. .50; Black Crowned N°: Heron 1-3, .20, 1-4, .80; Red Eyed Vireo 1-3, .20, 1-4 .25; Northern Phalarope 1-4, $1.00. The above prices are per set, prepaid. All are first-class. data. Ialso have the following without data. Red Head Duck 1-7 .45; Black throated Loon 1-1 .60; Valley Partridge 1-9, .60; Field Plover 1-3, .25. JAS. O. JOHNSON, Southington, Conn. HEADS, for mounting, of Elk, Moose and Deer, Scalp, Antlers and Hides, Buffalo horns, Raw furs, Fresh skins of Snowy Owls, Western Horn’d Owls, Arctic Horn’d Owls,Saw-whet Owls: Hawk Owls, Mounted Sharptailed Grouse $2.00, Gray Ruffed Grouse $2.50, Blue Jay 50c, Fresh skin Golden Eagle $6.00, Damaged Golden Hagle skin $2.00, Mounted White-tailed deer. Head Fawn just getting Antlers $4.00. Anything in in Taxidermy from Manitoba may be had from CHRIS P. FORGE,Taxidermist, Carman, Man- itoba. : Not having done hardly any exchanging for the last three years, I can offer the following list of strictly Al sets in exchange for the same. Many common ones wanted. Exchanges. at Taylor’s lists A. O. U. Nos., viz: 6, 16, 30a, 31a, 14, 49, 74, 106, 122, 127, 155, 194, 197, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 263, 273, 289, 293, 294a, 305, 311, 316. 325, 333, 337, 337b, 339b, 342, 360a, 366, 373c, 375d. 413, 429, 430, 431, 434, 447, 458, 460, 471, 475, 476, 462, 4741, 478b, 481, 481b, 482, 487, 721a, 505a. 519, 529a, 530, 531, 543, 552a, 573, 581c, 588a, 596, 599, 609, 612, 620, 633a, 707a, 710, 713, 780, 744, 743a, 758, 721a, 725a. LEE. C. CHAMBERS, Santa Monica, Cal. TO EXCHANGE .—44 cal. single shot Hop- dins & Allen rifle, good as new, for 25 or 32 cal. in good condition. Send description and terms. EVERETT E. JOHNSON, 55 High St., Lewis-: ton, Maine. FOR SALE.—2 fresh skins of Whooping Crane, one adult full plumage $8.00, the other in the fawn and white pbase, $5.00. 1 Sandhill Crane skin $3.00. All quite fresh with vertebre: of neck and full measurements. CHRIS P. FORGE, Carman, Manitoba. HEAR YE! Hear Ye! Hear Ye! This is to- certify that my advertisements in the OOLO- GIST have paid me better than have the com- bined ads. in most of the amateur and natural science papers. Ads. in the OOLOGIST always. bring returns, and it is safe to say that there is no paper having three times the circulation of this widespread periodical which can give: equal satisfaction. MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich FOR SALE.—1 Fine 6 point Elk head per fect even antlers, long neck 823.00. Also Medium. Moose 10 points, 815.00 unmounted. CHRIS P.. FORGE, Carman, Manitoba. THE OOLOGIST. 131 MAKE MONEY.—By securing a county agency for our New Edition of the Reversible U. S. and World Map. This map is 66x46 in. in size, being the largest one-sheet map pub- lished; mounted on sticks ready to;hang; eley- en beautiful colors. One side shows a grand map of our great country and inset maps of its new possessions. The other side shows an equally good map of the world. On receipt of $1.25 we will send a sample copy by prepaid express, and will inform you how to obtain a trial agency. Our men clear from $15.00 to $35.00 weekly after a month's work. Maps can be returned if notsatisfactory. Yours truly, RAND, McNALLY & COMPANY, 160-174 Adams St., Chicago, Ills. 172 FOR SALE:—Clutches of European species, White Gryfalcon, Gryfalcon, Merlin, Green Sandpiper, Greenshank, Golden Eagle, Gray Sea Eagle, Kestrel, Sparrow Hawk, Honey Buzzard, Peregrine Falcon. Hobby Egyptian Vulture. Apply. GORTON, 2 Upper Glouces - ter St., Pendleton, England. 171 WANTED.— Will trade books of all kinds for good matched pairs of ivory Elks teeth or sin- gle teeth; also collections of U. S. stamps bought forcash. Address, HALL N. JACK- SON, 36 W. 6th St., Cincinnati, O. 170 “TJ don’t know whether my ad. has reached its time limit yet or not, but stop it any way. My supply of exchange material was exhaust- ed some time ago and replies to the ad. still comein. F. P. DROWNE, 20 Benefit St.. Prov- idence, R. I. WANTED in any number sets of 6, 7, 58, 60. 63, 64, 65, 69. 72, 75, 76. 79, 118, 125, 126, 131, 137, 139, 140 147, 149, 150, 158, 172, 190, 197, 204, 205, 206, 214, 118, 224, 225, 228, 230, and Waders, 255, 261 263, 278, 277, 289, 294. 309, 310, 328, 326, 329, 332, 334, 337, 339, 843, 352, 355, 356, 364, 375, 372, 387, 388, 390, 8398, 394, 412, 416, 417, 428, 498, 501, 554, 558, 601, 611, 614, 619, 624, 761, any Warblers. Offer first-class exchange or cash. Wanted for cash 166, 131, 239, 238, 231, 255, 327 and other good sets. Nat- uralists’' Books, Hornaday’s Taxidermy Ben- dire’s Life Hlstories andothers. 16 or 12 guage double-barreled shot gun, camera 4x5—Premo B preferred—and outfit. Can offer 300 species of eggs, skins or mounted birds. Send list and make offer. D. WILBY, 27 Front St. West, Toronto, Ont. 170 BELGIAN HARES.—Fine young pedigreed Belgians, $6.00 per pair. Does bred to bucks, $8.00; per pair, $12.00. A trioof one buck and two does, $15.00. Correspondence answered. Rabbits carefully shipped. WARREN EB- ERLE, Escondido, Cal. 171 TAXIDERMIST’S OUTFIT:—Contains one heavy Cartilage Knife; 1 nickeled and engray- ed Scalpel with tip shaped for detaching skin, muscles, &c; 1 pair Scissors; 1 pair Forceps; 1 Dissecting Hook;1 Brain Spoon; 1 pocket Wire Cutter. Instruments best, all packed in polished Hard-wood Case. A better outfit than the one always sold at $3. I have only four outfits and will close them out at only 82.20 prepaid. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. FOR EXCHANGE:—Edison Home Phono- garph, full equipment and 3 dozen records all nearly new, also one 4x5 new ‘“‘Korona”’ cam- era. Wanted Long-focus Camera (4x5 or 5x7) in like condition or rare eggs in sets. THOM- oe H. JACKSON, 343 E.Biddle St., Westchester, en. PLATE HOLDER—Double, Camera Co., ($1.00), prepaid 44c. LATTIN, Albion N. Y. 54x57, Blair FRANK H. AGENTS WANTED. German Electric Razor Hone, guaranteed to equal'the best hone: made. Can use water, oil or lather. Will last a lifetime. Each Hone packed in a neat card- board case. Every one perfect. Just the thing for private use. Price 75c. Wewant an agent in each township to whom exclusive sale wili be given. Write for sample and agent’s outfit. Sent by mail. A money coin- er. Address MARSH MFG. CO., No. 542 West Lake St., Chicago. WANTED-—Sets of eggs containing abnor- mal specimens, Such as runts, unusually large, abnormally marked or unmarked. curious shaped, etc. Will give good exchange in fine sets or will pay cash. Headquarters for Ken- tucky, Golden-winged and Worm-eating Warb- lers’ sets with nests. Whip-poor-will and Ruby-throated Hummingbird. J. WARREN JACOBS, Waynesburg, Pa. WANTED.—Singles of Golden Eagle, Sand- hill Crane, Little Brown Crane, Duck Hawk, Penguin, Rhea, Swallow-tailed Kite, Pileated Woodpecker, Parauque, Merlin and many other large singles and sets for choice South- ern eggs with full data, such as Royal Tern, Am. Oystereatcher, Willet, Wilson’s Plover, Laughing Gull, etc. DR. M. T. CLECKLEY, 457 Greene St., Augusta, Ga. 170° WANTED.—Correspondents in every county of New York. who can furnish complete anno- nated lists of the birds occuring in their local- ity. Also tocorrespond with all bird students in the east having photographs of birds, birds’ nests andeggs. DR. MARCUS S. FARR, New York State Museum, Albany, N. Y. CODDINGTON MAGNIFIER(Miners’ glass), diameter %in, cost $1.50, prepaid 95cts. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. FOR SALE.—A few copies of the ‘Art of Tax- idermy” by W. F. Canada. A complete instruc-- nor price 25 cents. A. D. POWERS, Memphis, enn. “SNAPS” for TAXIDERMISTS ET. AL:— Chain and Hooks (25c), 16c; 7in. Stuffers,spring handle (1.25), 80c; Scissor-handle Stuffers, i2in. ($1.75), $1.05; Scissor-handle Stuffer, 15in, ($2.50) $1.60; Bone Cutters, extra fine and heavy,($2.50) $1.60; Forceps for Insects ($1.25) 78c; Botanical Collecting Can with shoulder strap, size 12x7% x36 in. ($1-50) $1.10; Tenaculum or Dissecting Hook, folding in handle ($1) 28c. All prepaid at prices quoted, regular pricesin( ). FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. Wanted.—Sea mosses unmounted, every var- iety. Write me what you can supply with price per specimen. WM. CUDNEY, Galt, Ont. Canada. CURIOS FOR SALE.—I am overloaded on curios and am making fow prices on some de- sirable articles. Send stamp for list. CHAS. W. MAJOR, Anita, Iowa. : WANTED.—Will pay cash for Albinos, either birds or small animals. Write me what you have and condition and lowest cash price. J. E. GROSJEAU, Lima, Ohio. 171, 26 COOOOOOOOSOOOOOOOOOO OOO OGD COOGOOOOOOOOOOOGOOOOOOOOGQOOD T= PAPER is printed at the Book and Magazine Publishing House of A. M. EDDY, Albion, N. Y. OOOOCOGOOOOOOOO OOOO OO OOGOOD COOOOOGOOOOGDOOOOOOOOOOOOOOS 132 ‘You might as. well be out of the Bird World al- together as go without THE OSPREY.”’ THR OSPRBAY:; An Illustrated Monthly Magazine of Popular Ornithology. Edited by Theodore Gill, in Co-op- eration with Robert Ridgway, L. Stejneger, C. W. Richmond and Other Eminent Ornithologists. THE OspREY does not keep a poet, but it has an office cat who can catch ‘more birds than all the poets put to- gether. If you don’t believe this, read THE OsPREY. If you want to buy, sell or exchange specimens, advertise in THE OspREY. If you want to keep in with other Bird Men, subscribe for THE OspREY. If you want to write about Birds, you can do it in THE OSPREY, provided you know how to write. If you like a beautifully printed.and pro- fusely illustrated magazine, all about Birds you MUST HAVE THE OSPREY. TERMS—ONE DOLLAR A YEAR. Published by THE OSPREY COMPANY, 321-323 44% St., Washington, D. C. BOOKS I have thousands of volumes relatin -to Natural History. In case I’veoffere anything during the past year which you can use please favor me with list of wants and allow me to quote ‘‘SPEC- TAL” prices. All must be sold. Your attention is particularly called to my Book Lists in the June-July and ‘October (pages 142-1438) 1899 OdLoaIsTs. If [’'ve anything left which you want or can use I would be pleased to be in- ‘formed of the fact and will endeavor to see that the matter of ‘‘price’’ will not be a barrier in making a transfer. Frank H. Lattin, Publisher of OdLocGiIstT, Albion, N. Y. JAMES P. BABBITT, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in ‘Taxidermists’ Supplies, Bird Skins, Eggs & Publications. Fine Imported Glass Eyes a Speeialty. Illustrated Catalogue and large monthly bulle- “tin of bargainsin Birds Skins and Eggs free upon Shufeldt, M. D., R. W., Scientific Taxid- ermy for Museums, 71 full page plates GHPARSS ALOR bee eS Ee a Smithsonian Reports, 48 vols. from 1853 to 1895, inclUSIVe................--.00-.-2eeeeceeee ee Poisonous Snakes of North America, 144p, 19pl, 70fig.........-...-.....-.- Studer’s Birds of North America. 200p, ee yn pl., imp. 4to; full Morrocco, (BAD) Rs as oN ase eae, apse ee s Vennor, Our Birds of Prey, or the Eagles, Hawks and. Owls of Canada, 30 large photograph plates, ($12.00) Watnleek, The Migration of Birds, 140p 97 Wilson, Study of Prehistoric Anthropol- ogy, Hand Book for Beginners, 76p, QO pl 28TH ee ee ee Wilson, Prehistoric Art, valuable to stud- ents, 340p, 74pl., 325fig ........022.22.. eee. Wood, Animate Creation. Revised and adopted to American Zoology by Hold- er, 60 parts, complete, 30 page. ole- ographs, 60 plates and profusely illus- trated; (BUS) ose oe aa aa Ridgway, Hummingbirds, 1382p, 46pl, 47fig FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. Special discounts on large orders. 10 475 3 90 1 40 3 20 3 10 5 20 2 90 6 20 2 10 13 80 4 40 90; 95 1 40 6 00 1 90 144 ' THE OOLOGIST. If you have friends who are interested in birds or whom you wish to interest in birds send them Bird-Lore for Christmas. On receipt of the annual subscription price, one dollar, we will send as direct- ed, and in due season, a properly inscribed, 7x10 Christmas card, a free copy of the December. 1900 number, containing a plan for the year’s study, and the mag- azine for 1901. “Bird-Lore has on its own merits taken its place at the front in the list of popular natural history mMagazines.”—The Auk. The Macmillan Co., Mulberry and Crescent Sts, Harrisburg, Pa. Special Bargains in Shells and Fossils. UNIONID.—One hundred and thirty-four (134) species (American) 450 speci- mens. All fresh live specimens. Worth at regular prices fully $100. Will send the entire collection prepaid for only $28.40. RARE OLD SILVER COINS of Great Britain.—A collection of 50 pieces from the reign of Henry II (1154) to that of Victoria. The collection contains coins minted during the reigns of twenty-two (22) ot Great Britain’s monarehs. The collection lists about $55.00, will sell as a whole for $22.50 prepaid. FOSSIL COLLECTION. A specially selected collection of Fossils for school used to I sell at $100. One hundred (100) species and about 500 specimens ranging in value from 5c. to $1.00 each. A very select and very valuable collection and is largely composed of Fossil Corals, all carefully labeled and prepared, and well worth $100. My price $33.50 prepaid. I have another collection similar to above put up to sell at $50.00, 100 species and about 200 specimens which I will send prepaid for only $15.75. AN EGYPTIAN IDOL, carved from stone or lava 1000 or more years ago, rep- resents an elephant or some other animal, measures about 4x24 in. Secured by a missionary acquaintance from a mummy pit in Egypt and guaranteed genuine. Prepaid only $3.15. LARGE CORALS. 1 specimen of the Plate Brain Coral, Meandrina clivosa, from Bahamas measuring 22 in. in long diameter (16 in. short) worth $10; one of true Brain Coral, Meandrina cerebriformis, 11 in. diam. worth $5.00; one specimen of Pineapple Coral, Perites astrewoides, 10 in. diam. worth $3.00, will send the three specimens prepaid for onlv $8.60. MOUND BUILDER’S RELICS. We have hundreds of ordinary arrow and spear heads and a few of the more common pieces such as sinkers, drills, scrap- ers, &c, but have very few of the rare and desirable ones. The following we offer at about one-half regular prices: Pipe from Brant Co., Ont., a very choice speci- men, $4.90, prepaid; another from same locality of a more common and unat- tractive form, $1.60, prepaid; Slate Pendant from Waterloo Co., Ont.. prepaid, 55cts; Hematite Celt from Van Buren Co., Ark., prepaid, only $1.20. Ordin- ary Stone Axe from Cumberland Co., N. J., prepaid, $1.30. I also have the contents of a cache from Rowan Co., N. C., consisting of about 400 unnotched arrow or spearheads of uniform size and form, about 24 long, will sell as a whole very reasonable. ; NEPTUNE’S CUP or Vase Sponge, Paterion, from Tasmania. An odd and curious specimen worth from $15 to $20, and we have never offered this specimen for less than $10 prepaid. It measures 24 in. high and the vase portion is 12 in. in diam. It goes prepaid for only $7.60. : SPANISH CROSS inlaid with straw from an ancient church in Jemez, New Mex. Curio dealers would ask $5.00 for it, but it’s yours prepaid for $1.65. Address FRANK H. LATTIN, Publisher, Albion, N. Y. THE OOLOGIST. A MONTHLY PUBLICATION DEVOTED TO OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. VOL. XVII. NO. 10. ALBION, N. Y., DEC., 1900. WHOLE No. 171 Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department for 25c per 25 words. Notices over 25 words, charged at the rate of one-half cent per each additional word. No notice inserted for less than 25c. Terms, cash with order. Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-third list rates. What’s Your Number? Examine the number following your name On the wrapper of this month’s OOLoGIsStT. It denotes when your subscription expired or will expire. Ne eur subscription expires with this issue Apr., 1901 180 ce GG 6c oc Sept., be icy fe 66 Deeb) 2 Intermediate numbers can easily be deter- mined. If we have you credited wrong we wish to rectify. TO EXCHANGE :—500 rare and common sets for desirable U. S. postage and revenue stamps. Send list and receivemine. PHILO W. SMITH, JR., Mona House, St. Louis, Mo. WANTED :—A Snowy Owl in the flesh. Cash. FF. M. RICHARDS, Farmington, Maine. AMERICAN NATURALIST, volumes 4, 5, 6 uniformly bound, price 75 cents each postpaid. NEWMAN F. McGIRR, 2102 Market St,, Phil- adelphia, Pa. I WILL PAY 12 cents each cash for the fol- lowing eggs: 12, 29, 64, 104, 120c, 189, 226. 258a, 309, 331, 364, 402, 453. 554, 567a, 586, 591, 636, 657, 675, 684, 731, '735a, 788, 742. 75la. C. J. TIFFANY, Lyons, N. Y. FOR EXCHANGE:—Sets of 7, 11, 18, 30, 35, 37, 47, 90, 155, 187, 223, 226, 269, 271, 302, 487, 578 and many others. All answered. A. EH. PRICE, Grant Park, Ills. WANTED:—‘Birds of Minnesota” by P. L. Hatch. State iowest cash price. IRVING L. CONDIT, 819 Pen Ave. N., Minneapolis, Minn. WANT Minerals, Stamps, Autographs, Nests With Eggs, rare Singles, Foreign Copper Coins, Medals, Arrowheads, Curios for Autographs or Stamps, W. P. YOUNG, Portsmouth,N. H. ae eeieterernt tae tee Sa Ug eee a a ernermae a ae ea FOR SALE.—Bird Skins at % list rates. Tuited Puffin, Ancient Murrelet, Marbled Mur- relet, Ruddy Duck, Harlequin Duck, Lesser Snow Goose, Reddish Egret, also mounted pide: Send for lists. O.S. Biggs, San Jose, FOR SALE!—40 sets of Burrowing Owl A No. 1 and 120 different singles and other sets cheap. F. W. COLLINS, Garden City, Kan. FOR EXCHANGE.—Mounted birds, min- erals, shells, relics and rabbits for specimens not in my Museum, cornet, shot gun, rifle, re- volver, camera. Correspondence _ Solicited. BRIAR HILL MUSEUM, Sebring, Pa. FOR. SALE.—Fine sets of Pied-billed Grebes in sets of 5and 6eggs. Price5 cents per egg, prepaic: ROY H. BULLIS, Winnebago City, inn. GUINEA PIGS, pet coyote, bird skins, mag- azines and books to exchange for Indian relics, bird skins, snake skins, mammal skins, fire- arms, curios. STEPHEN VAN RENSSE- LAER, JR., West Oraiuge, N. J. FOR SALE.—Complete file of ‘‘The Osprey,” 1 pair climbers, eggs in sets with data, a few fine skins. etc. Stamp for lists. HARTLEY H. T JACKSON, Box87, Milton, Wis. OWL EGGS! Why not increase your egg collection by adding a fine set of Burrowing Owl? Sets of six t> eleven eggs prepaid for 4c perege. F. W. COLLINS, Garden City, Kans. MINERALS, geodes, sea curios. fossils, etc., 10 for 25cts. Indian relics wanted. 1 each, celt, hatchet, spear, drill, knife, scraper, scrap pottery, bead and 12 arrowheads, $1, postpaid. CURIO CO., Crawfordsville, Ind. FOR EXCHANGE.—For eggs sets (2 eggs) of 420c, singles 501. 703, I desire sets or singles, rather common, with data. DONALD B. OHLINGER, Haines City, Polk Co., Fla. FOR EXCHANGE.—First class sets and singles with data to exchange for eggs not in my collection. Send your list. and receive mine. All letters answered. V. L. SMITA, R. D. No. 1, Ottawa, Kans. FOR SALE or EXCHANGE.—First ciass sets and singles for sets. Send list and receive mine. Fine minerals, shells and fossils for sale cheap. RAY F. STEVENS, Shabbona, Ill. 146 FOR EXCHANGE:—Edison Home Phono- garph, full equipment and 3 dozen records all nearly new, also one 4x5 new ‘“‘Korona” cam- era. Wanted Long-focus Camera (4x5 or 5x7) in like condition or rare eggs in sets. THOM- AS H.JACKSON, 343 E.BiddleSt., WestChester, Penn. PLATE HOLDER—Double, 5%x5¥, Blair Camera Co., ($1.00), prepaid 34c. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion N. Y. AGENTS WANTED. German Electric Razor Hone, guaranteed to equal the best hone made. Can use water, oil or lather. Will last a lifetime. Each Hone packed ina neat card- board case. Every one perfect. Just the thing for private use. Price 75c. We want an agent in each township to whom exclusive sale wili be given. Write for sample and agent’s outfit. Sent by mail. A money coin- er. Address MARSH MFG. CO., No. 542 West Lake St., Chicago. : CODDINGTON MAGNIFIER(Miners’ glass), diameter 5in, cost $1.50, prepaid 95cts. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. “SNAPS” for TAXIDERMISTS ET. AL:— Chain and Hooks (25c), 16c; 7in. Stuffers,spring handle (1.25), 80c; Scissor-handle Stuffers, i2in. ($1.75), $1.05; Scissor-handle Stuffer, 15in, ($2.50) $1.60; Bone Cutters, extra fine and heavy,($2.50) $1.60; Forceps for Insects ($1.25) 78c; Botanical Collecting Can with shoulder strap, size 12x7% x3} in. ($1.50) $1.10; Tenaculum or Dissecting Hook, folding in handle ($1) 28ce. All prepaid at prices quoted, regular pricesin( ). FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. TAXIDERMIST’S OUTFIT:—Contains one heavy Cartilage Knife; 1 nickeled and engrav- ed Scalpel with tip Shaped for detaching skin, muscles, &c;1 pair Scissors; 1 pair Forceps; 1 Dissecting Hook;1 Brain Spoon; 1 pocket Wire Cutter. Instruments best, all packed in polished Hard-wood Case. A better outfit than the one always sold at $3. I have only two outfits and will close them out at only $2.20 prepaid. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. WANTED.—Buyer for case stuffed birds. One (each) Hoot Owl, Screech Owl, Barn Owl, Blue Jay, Pheasant and young, Snipe, two Wild Pigeons, three Wild Ducks, Quail, Blue Jay, Redbird, Hummingbird, Mink. Gray Squirrel. Red Squirrel, Alligator and several others, 30 in all; elegantly mounted. Make an offer. F. W. GATES, Chattanooga, Tenn. 172 BENDIRE’S LIFE HISTORIES I and II and balance in cash for complete list of The Auk. J. O. SNYDER, Stanford University, Calif. WANTED.—Winchell’s Walks and Talks in the Geological Field. State condilion and price. C. M. SLAYTON, Grattan, Kent Co., ich. MAYNARD’S “Birds of Eastern North Amer- ica.”’ Thiselaborate work was published about 25 years ago at $18.00 and contained 532 pages. I have three parts of this valuable work, each containing about 300 pages (over % of original) bound in tag-board covers. The Thrushes, Warblers, Starlings, Water Birds and Shore- birds are complete, will sell at only $3.00 per copy prepaid. I also haves: copies each containing about 14 of original work at $1.00 per copy pre- paid. I have 10 of original hand-colored plates at $1.50 for lot. Sample pages of work for stamp. Style of text see article of ‘‘Black Duck” in this OoLOGIsT. FRANK H. LATTIN Albion, N. Y. THE OOLOGIST. CHOICE southern sets of Royal Tern, Brown Pelican, Willet, Wilson’s Plover, Laughing Gull, Clapper Rail, Black Skinner for sale very cheap or exchange sets or singles. DR. M. T. CLECKLEY, 457 Greene St., Augusta, Ga. 3t WANTED.—Sets of eggs containing abnor- mal specimens, such as runts, albinos, mon- strocities, abnormally colored or shaped eggs. Will give cash or good exchange. J. WARREN JACOBS, Waynesburg, Pa. 101 EXCHANGE.—For eggs in sets or singles, many common, new 34x3% Camera, Spectra- scope; Eggs in sets. ERNEST H. SHORT, Box 173, Rochester, N. Y. 171 I send you today some ads for your excellent paper. Imustsay that ads in your paper al- ways pay.—CHRIS P. FORGH, Carman, Mani- toba. HEAR YE! Hear Ye! Hear Ye! This is to certify that my advertisements in the OOLO- GIST have paid me better than have the com- bined ads. in most of the amateur and natural science papers. Ads. inthe OOLOGIST always bring returns, and it is safe to say that there is no paper having three times the circulation of this widespread periodical which can give equal satisfaction. MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich MAKE MONEY.—By securing a county agency for our New Edition of the Reversible U. S. and World Map. This map is 66x46 in. in size, being the largest one-sheet map pub- lished; mounted on sticks ready to;hang; elev- en beautiful colors. One side shows a grand map of our great country and inset maps of its new possessions. The other side shows an equally good map of the world. On receipt of $1.25 we will send a sample copy by prepaid express, and will inform you how to obtain a trial agency. Our men clear from $15.00 to $35.00 weekly after a month's work. Maps can be returned if notsatisfactory. Yours truly, RAND, McNALLY & COMPANY, 160-174 Adams St., Chicago, Ills. 172 FOR SALE:—Clutches of European species, White Gryfalcon, Gryfalcon, Merlin, Green Sandpiper, Greenshank, Golden Eagle, Gray Sea Eagle, Kestrel, Sparrow Hawk, Honey Buzzard, Peregrine Falcon. Hobby Egyptian Vulture. Apply, GORTON, 2 Upper Glouces - ter St., Pendleton, England. 171 “T don’t know whether my ad. has reached its time limit yet or not, but stop it any way. My supply of exchange material was exhaust- ed some time ago and replies to the ad. still comein. F. P. DROWNE, 20 Benefit St.. Prov- idence, R. I. BELGIAN HARES.—Fine young pedigreed Belgians, $6.00 per pair. Does bred to bucks, $8.00; per pair, $12.00. A trioof one buck and two does, $15.00. Correspondence answered. Rabbits carefully shipped. WARREN EB- ERLE, Escondido, Cal. 171 WANTED.—Will pay cash for Albinos, either birds or small animals. Write me what you have and condition and lowest cash price. J. E. GROSJEAU, Lima, Ohio. , 171, WANTED.—Correspondents in every county of New York, who can furnish complete anno- nated lists of the birds occuring in their local- ity. Also tocorrespond with all bird students in the east having photographs of birds, birds’ nests and eggs. DR. MARCUS S. FARR, New York State Museum, Albany, N. Y. THE OOLOGIST. 147 $5.00 for only 50 cents. For 1901 Subscribers of THE OOLOGIST only. While ‘taking inventory’? we found many items in very large quantities—enough to last the ordinary Curio Dealer a life-time and in such quantities that we cannot job them off to dealers ex- cept at a sacrifice—and rather than give dealers the benefit of the same We prefer and have con- cluded to give this benefit to the 1901 subscribers of the OOLOGIST. Those who have paid their sub- scription to the OOLoGIsT for 1901 or who remit for same when accepting this ‘*$5.00 for 50cts” offer ~ —we will send by express at their expense (we can send prepaid for 25cts.) all of the specimens and books listed below for ONLY 50Cts. 1. Chinese Horn Nut, China................-2..... $ 05 15. Two Tarpon Scales, Florida -................ 05 2. Egg of Skate or Sand Shark, Martha’s 16. Fossil Polyp Coral, New York................ 15 WAITER AYR ie eee eee ear eG . 05 17. ‘‘Electric Stone,’”’ a var. of Tremolit 3. Clay Police Whistle, Mexico................... 10 emitting flashes of light when 4. Black-Mouth Tree Snail, Pavillion Key, scratched with any hard substance, yee eee nee Ute case 25 ING WOT kA ees a 5 10 5. Purple-spined Sea Urchin, Gulf of Mex- 18, Precious Coral, polished twigs, Med- LC Oe nee Te ee Ge a SA ae 25 iterranean) Seas! 2a a ees 15 6. Organ-pipe Coral, Singapore......... -. -.. 25 19. Banded Murex Shell, Med. Sea............ . b 7 Orange Scorpion Shell, Polynesia......... 25 20. Money Cowry Shell. Hawaii.................. 10 8. Resurrection Plant, Mexico.................... 15 21. Cone-in-Cone, Chautauqua Co.,N. Y.... 15 9. One-half dozen Alligator Teeth, Indian 22. An Exchange Notice Coupon .............. - 2 PUL VO n ipa eee ccce. Jes utue see eae voeseatoe 25 23. Lattin’s‘‘Catalogue of N.A.BirdsEggs” 10 10. Four Gem Stones (Red Agate, Black 24. Short’s ‘Birds of Western New York.” 15: Onyx, Crocidolite and Sardonyx In- 25. Tassin’s ‘Directions for Collecting taglio) cut and polished............ ........ 40 IVE 117 ek 05 11. Compass or Sunfiower Starfish, Chili... 35 26. A copy of ‘‘Penikese’’............ ............... 85 12. Fossil Scaphites u(Nautilus Family) 27. Five assorted Bird, Animaland Flower Mon ta nae wes yia ae ee eee 25 Pictures, my selection, size 6x8in., 13. Goldmouth Shell, Philippines.. ot Ga beautifully colored, true to nature.... 30 14. Fossil Shark Tooth, Virginia............... . 10 area b) No changes or alterations of any kind can be made in this offer—you either accept or not as you may elect. The offer is no fake nor catch penny scheme but is made as stated and in good faith in order that many may share in the benefit which would otherwise fall to a few, and inci- dentally to_increase the OoLOGIST’S subscrition list. This premium offer cannot be duplicated for double what it costs the 1901 subscribers to the OOLOGIST by any dealer in America—the publish- er of the OOLOGIST included—after present supply is exhausted. REMEMBER. ist. That if your subscription to the OOLOGIST is already paid through 1901 you get the entire lot of specimens, etc , offered above for only 50cts. But if you wish them sent prepaid you must send 25cts. additional or 7dcts. in all. 2d. If you have not subscribed for the OOLOGIST for 1901 and wish to accept this offer you must send 50cts. for OOLOGIST with coupon for 1901 and 50cts. for this offer or $1.00 and if you want the lot sent prepaid add 25cts. more or $1.25 in all. 3d. This offer is made in connection with a subscription of the OOLOGIST only. The paper and premium can be sent to the same or different addresses as desired. In case you wish the pre- mum pyirhout the OOLOGIST or wish to secure a second premium the price will be $1.00 or 81.25 if sent prepaid. Remit in most convenient manner. Address plainly and in full. FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. TC EXCHANGE.—Seventy-five dollars (875) worth of first class sets from Southern Cali- fornia for a new Kodak or Camera and outfit. uy a osta ard B. M. FRANKLIN, Pasadena, Cal. y) Want back numbers of ‘‘Auk” and “‘Oologist”’ : 94, °95, 98. Have to exchange, 263 4-4, 1-3, 339 | Write your name and address on back. 1-3, 1-2, 390 1-7, 423 2-5, 456 1-5, 466a, 1-4, 2-3, 529 1-5, and mail to me. 540 1-3, 687 2-4, 1-3. Will pay part cash. L. W. TERRILL, Robinson, Bury,Compton Co,Quebec Canada. YOU WILL RECEIVE, WANTED —At once, or for spring delivery’ single sets or large series of Nos. 58, 60, 62, 64,72 New Lists of Birds Eggs, Minerals, In- 76, 79, 131, 137. 139. 166, 190, 218, 230, 361.’ 263, 373, , : i 334, 337, 339, 364, 373, 387, 388, 390, 393, 394, 501, 611. dian Relics and all Naturalist’s 614, 624, 697. Offer exchange or cash. All Supplies. Ready to mail. answered. A. E. PRICH, Grant Park, Ill. $OOOOOOHOOOOOOOOOOOOHOOOOOH Address, ERNEST H. SHORT, T= PAPER is printed at the Book and Magazine Publishing Houseof pox 173 RocHeEstTER, N. Y.. A. M. EDDY, Albion, N. Y. . (Formerly Albion, N. Y.) “148 THE OOLOGIST Zo whom i May Concern: During the past eight months I have been House Physician and ‘Surgeon at the Erie County Hospital, (Buffalo, N. Y.) consequently all matters connected with my old business, and demanding my personal attention, have been at a stand still. My term of service expired on December first. Since that date and during the balance of the month my time will be devoted to straight- ening matters pertaining to my old work and to arranging, inventory- ing, cataloging and pricing the material I have remaining on my hands (which in the aggregate will amount to several thousand dollars). On and after January 1, 1901, the demands of my profession will come frst and my entire time will be devoted to the same, if required. My Natural History work will then be of a secondary nature. However, everything in the line of Specimens, Books, Supplies, etc., which I have left will be priced, catalogued and offered for sale at VERY LOW RATES early in the New Year. The disposition of the same will be under my personal supervision, and the filling of orders, pack- ing, etc., will be attended by able assistants, who have been with me in that capacity for years. : If there has been anything connected with our business relations in the past which has not been to your entire satisfaction and which you attribute as due to some fault or oversight of mine, I wish to rectify the ‘the same at once. Faithfully, FRANK H. LATTIN. Albion, N. Y., December 8, 1900. The above is self-explanatory and tells ‘wy,’ ‘‘wHEN,” and ‘‘WHERE.”” A catalogue will be issued as soon as our inventory has been completed and copy can be prepared for our printer. . TueE Ootocist will be issued regularly on the first of each month during Pan-AmERICcAN year, and fosszb/y on the 15th in addition, making it semt-month/y—in which case announcement will be made in January . issue and terms of subscription will not be advanced. THE OOLOGIST. VOL. XVII. NO. 10. THE OOLOcIST. A Monthly Publication Devoted to OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. FRANK H. LATTIN, Editor and Publisher, ALBION, N. Y. Correspondence and items of interest to the student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, so!lcited rom all. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: Single subscription.......... Sample CopieS......scecsecece. The above rates include payment of postage. Each subscriber is given a card good for a Want, Exchange or For Sale Notice. (This card is redeemable at any time within one year from date thereon.) Subscriptions can begin with any number. Back numbers of the OoLoaist can be furnished at reasonable rates. Send stamp for descrip- tions and prices. "Remember that the publisher must be noti fled by letter when a subscriber wishes his paper stopped, and all arrearages must be paid. ADVERTISING RATES: 6 cents per nonpareil line each insertion. 12 lines in every inch. Seven inches in a Col- umn, and two columns to the page. Nothing inserted for less than 25 cents. No “special rates,” 5 cents per line is ‘‘net,” “rock bottom,” ‘‘inside,” ‘‘spot cash” rate from which there is no deviation and no commission to agents. If you wish to use 5 lines or less space it will cost you 25 cents; 100 lines, $5.00; 1000 lines, $50.00. ‘Trade’ (other than cash) advertise- ments will be accepted by special arrangement only and at ratesfrom double to five times cash rates. Due Bills and Cards payable in advertis- ing will be honored only at regular rates in force at the date of issuance of said bill or card. Remittances should be made by Draft, Express or Postoffice Money Order, Registered Letter or Postal Note. Unused U.S. Postage Stamps of any denomination will be accepted for sums un- der one dallar. Make Money Orders and Drafts payable and address all subscriptions and com- munications to FRANK H. LATTIN, Aibion, Orleans Co., N. Y. ENTERED AT P. O., ALBION, N. Y. AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER. Bird Music All birds that I have met with have means of expressing themselves by sound, and though many are far from entertaining to map, it is reasonable to admit that the discordant caw of the ALBION, N. Y., DEC., 1900. WHOLE No. 171 crow is as expressive to its mates as is the bubbling melody of the Warbling Vireo to the little Greenlets, or the gut- teral honk to the Herons. These songs, call-notes and twitterings differ to a wide degree in the various species, but are nearly identical in birds of a kind- tending to prove that the notes consti- ' tute a language, or at least a method of communication. There has appeared a work, which, I understand, attempts to demonstrate the existence of a language among our near relatives, the monkeys. Ido not doubt that a language exists sufficient for their requirements in every respect, but we are denied the privilege of com- prehending it in the least degree. In fact the notes of birds are as intelligible to our ears as the chattering of monk- eys, and taken in connectivun with their movements are as expressive of their desires as the sounds made by any an- imal we know. Then too, granting that a language exists with each species of animal and bird we must admit that the single croak of the Raven compre- hends as great meaning as the single faint chirp of the gorgeous Humming- bird, and the estatic warble of the Bluebird is equally expressive with the discordant gutterals of the Herons or the weird cry of the Loon. There is much that is worthy of ob- servation in the songs of birds and the time spent in the study of them cannot fail to furnish entertainment’ Aside from the pleasure of the true music, we may draw comparisons between the varied ditties, and also the ability is given us to liken many of them to the words of our language. It is this asso- ciation of the bird with its notes, ex- pressed in words, which often leads us 150 to name the songster. This is well ex- emplified in the names Whip-poor-will, Kill-deer, Bob-white and a dozen others. Then there are scores of others which are known by meaningless names; names, however, which are familiar to us and which almost exactly express the call-notes or songs. Under this class we find the Chick-a-dee, the Che- bec, Plum-pud-den and Peet-weet. Many of these notes can be greatly varied and still meet our requirements, but we have relied upon them so long that usage makes them next to inde- spensible. When in the south 'I first heard the notes of the Chuck-will’s- widow, a species nearly allied to our northern Whip-poor-will, but could not fully satisfy myself that the name and notes corresponded, but after becoming familiar with the nightly seranades, the notes resolved into the accepted name. Northern-born people who have moved to the South nearly all call this species the Whip-poor-will, not recognizing the difference in the notes; yet, surely, if the songs differ to an extent equal to the English pronounciation of the names, then the difference ought to be quickly recognized. To one familiar with the songs and call-notes of our birds, the association of the sound with the performer is in- stantaneous on hearing it. Neverthe- less it is quite a rare thing for a strang- er to identify a-species by its notes, no matter how much alike are its name and notes. Yet it is easy for all to rec- ognize the Jay-jay in which the harsh screams of the Blue Jay, after the at- tention has been called to it. No better name could describe our little door- yard flycatcher than the sound Phoebe, and yet it is also called Pee-weeas well, and both from a fancied resemblance to its short song. I have tried to copy the familiar Rob- in’s song many times, but have dis- carded all attemps as regards English words. Still the following, as some ob- THE OOLOGIST servers may fancy, fairly describes the soft utterances: ‘‘keeler-keeler-henry; william-william-henry; william-henry- keeler,” and so on indefinitely. The Meadowlark is flying over the field or wading about in the grass utters in a plaintive key the words ‘‘dear children”. If we pass near a marshy tract we hear the Redwings uttering their quick call- note, as they fly above their nests in the rushes, or the male ruffling himself on a branch will issue his cher-e-e-e. From a clump of bushes near come the potes ka-weechy, uttered from four to nine times by the Maryland Yellow- throat. Hethen dives into the brnsh and rank grass and gives us a series of fine scolding notes. As we pass he challenges us with tackle-me tackle-me, or as you may call it, witchey-witchey. The Bronzed Grackles are calling to one another spank-spank, and now and then a lustrous male grinds out schleranch, repeating it three times, to which Mrs. Grackle replies with schle ree scree-scree, which is the extent of their musical ability. Away out in the marsh are a couple of those queer birds, the thunder pump- er, as the American Bittern is often called. The name is given from their peculiar movements made when sing- ing, sotospeak. The song of spring and love floats to us in thunderous un- dulations, plum-pud-den repeated four to six times. This bird often called the stake-driver, has another peculiar note or song from which it gets one name. The sound is exactly like ka-whack, uttered from three to six times and closely resembles stake driving with a maul. So perfect is the resemblance that it is a common occurance for a stranger to the bird to look about for a laborer at work. From thelake come the wild, unearthly notes of the Loon or Great-Northern diver, ko-a-whee-loo- loo, or again, key-hoe reverbrating and penetrating. Returning towards the farm house, . THE OOLOGIST. 151 we pass close to a cock, Bob-White which heralds that he is 60b-b0b-white, from the top of the fence. Very few strollers are aware that this species says bob twice, but those who observe at close quarters will detect it at once though the first bob is so indistinct as not to be heard at a distance. Passing through a dense piece of woods, a num- ber of Acadian flycatchers are seen and their notes kee peek-up are heard all about. Above, in the shady top of a tree a Wood Pewee is pourning forth his meloncholy refrain, pee-hee-o-wee- bee-wee; slowly issuing with plaintive, lingering quaver, which causes one to think the dear little singer unhappy. But it is not so, as it is its love song and answers the same purpose as the pathetic, resonant song of the happy Mourning Dove. Emerging from the woods we listen to the loud clattering song of the Balt- imore Oriole in rivalry with the gush- ing melody of the Rose-breasted Gros- beak. Both of these birds, as well as the Indigobird near at hand have songs that it is impossible to describe on paper. There are many songs of birds which no power of the pen can describe and we can truthfully say that the best of bird melodies are those which can- not be transferred to paper. This then, is an acknowledgement that bird music is of a superior quality, and the feath- ered tribe is possessed of factors in the realm of harmony which we are unable to criticise. There are nearly fifty species of Mich- igan birds which have songs of merit, but if they were fully described, no one not familiar with bird notes would rec- ognize a bird by its song description. That there is an expression of feeling in the notes of all of our birds no true lover of our feathered friends will at- tempt todeny. Weare willing to ad- mit the existence of a bond between them and us, and this assumption of a higher relation we do not care to have destroyed or dispelled bv an Opinion against the sentiment of our dear little associates. Nevertheless, although I am anxious to invest these creatures, ‘‘favorites of creation,’’ as Figuier so beautifully terms them, with higher attributes of feeling and expres- sion, it remains a fact that their notes do not change in quality as a result of change in emotion, so far as we are able to judge. Let us consider some instances. A pair of Robins will make a great outcry if their nest is molested; the ex- cited notes of the male corresponding to the battle cry when the birds are mating. Other Robins join the hue and cry and the neighborhood of bird- dom is aroused, for the birds under- stand and all lend their sympathy and bluster. Ifthe nest is robbed the pair quickly subsides, and the male will probably be singing the same evening; surely the next morning. Within a few days a new nest is begun in the same neighborhood or the old one is again occupied, the song continually proclaiming the joy of the happy pair, so far as we can judge. I have carefully noted the actions of the bereaved birds in many cases and it is always about the same. . In one in- stance where a nest of the Warbling Vireo was robbed the male quickly re- turned to the vacant nest and there sang with the greatest joy apparently, for it is the habit of the male of this species to sing on the nest. It may be that the song expressed sorrow, or at least a complaint, but to me the same ecstatic warble was heard that was always given to my ears. I have watched in the vicinity of the nests of the Scarlet Tanager, Rose-breasted Grosbeak, Wood ‘Thrush, Hermit Thrush and indigo-bird, all fine sing- ers, and have observed that all appar- ently quickly recovered from the ef- fects of spoliation and sang within twenty-four hours after. In each in- 152 THE OOLOGIST. stance the male tuned up and sang as sweetly as ever. The species of birds that sing when flying are very few. Of the many birds which utter simple sounds on the wing I am not speaking, for they are in large numbers. If we consider notes of birds an expression of sentiment, then all sounds may be called songs, espec- ially may this be considered true of spring notes. Admitting this, then there are over one hundred species which sing as they fly. All of the hawks and other rapacious birds that [ am acquainted with, utter their discordant cries and screams when upon the wing; the Ked shouldered, Marsh and Cooper’s Hawks and the Screech and Barred Owls being espec- ially noisy in season. All of the herons utter their gutteral notes when on the wing, although the more difficult notes of the greater bittern are not given on the wing. The smaller waders give ut- terance as they fly, and most of the ducks have beea heard, while the geese are notorious gabblers during migra- tions. Sandhill Cranes issue their notes as they sail, sometimes out of sight. Nighthawks make their only efforts while on the wing, as we should expect with a species which earns its entire living while flying. Its near relative, the Whippoorwill sometimes flies sing- ing through the woods in spring. The woodpeckers are a noisy set, and without an exception issue the clatter which answers in the nature of a re- frain, on the wing. All hunters have heard the “scape’’ of the Wilson’s Snipe, the single note of the flying Woodcock and the agreeable efforts of the Killdeer Plover, Spotted Sandpiper and the Upland Plover, the latter real- ly musical, and many others of the smaller waders. In the RASOREs or scratchors we have a silent list of birds when flying, though the Mourning Dove, Bobwhite and some others are noisy on the perch. According to classification, the true singers are confined within the division OSCINES while all others are considered non-musical according to this arbitrary rule. This system, constructed from anatomical relations, cannot admit the sweet refrain of the Wood Pewee as a song, as the Pewee belongs to the screamers, and cf a necessity this is unfair. Among the birds which are acknowl- ~ edged singers the following seven mus- ical species are presented as _ birds which I have heard sing while flying. The Bobolink is the acknowledged leader in flight song, in fact his rollick- ing, jingling medley is about equal in excellence with any bird with which I am acquainted. The common Bluebird is a charming exponent of flight sing- ing. It occasionally flutters upward ‘and pours forth its soft warble in a most enchanting manner just after ar- riving from the south. The Warbling Vireo, rarely, in a transport of bliss, during the mating season, launches into the air while yet singing, and apparently forgetful of custom, strives to make us, mundane as happy as itself. This agreeable songster is one of my favor- ites, and no one who is a lover of bird melody can remain indifferent to its ecstatic warblings. In May and June we sometimes hear the loud gushing song of the Rose- breasted Grosbeak as the gaudy male flits through the foliage near his pro- creatures, spective home. Even with this undig- nified flyer, who generally progresses by undulating, vigorous dashes, we can detect a hesitating flutter when the bird sings on the wing, MorRIs GIBBS, M. D. Kalamazoo, Mich. (To be continued ) THE OOLOGIST. 153 Black Duck. Anas obscura GM., Syst. Nat. I; 1788, 541. DESCRIPTION. Sp. CH. Size, large. Form, robust. COLOR. Adult male Dark-brown throughout streaked on head, neck, and abdomen with pale reddish-yellow; and feathers of remainder of body, espec- ially below, edged with yellowish. Under wing coverts, axillaries, and tips of secondaries, white. Speculum, green with violet reflections, surrounded by black. Feet, greenish-yellow. brown. Bill, greenish-brown. Adult female and Young. Similar, but paler. Tris, Nestlings Above, including stripe behind eye, yellowish-brown, with severalSpots of buffy-yellow. Beneath, pale buffy-yellow. OBSERVATIONS. Readily known by the universally dark colors. Florida specimens are not only smaller in size, but are lighter in color than Northern birds, the number of tail feathers is less, and there are longitudinal streaks above of yellowish in males. Distributed, in summer, throughout Eastern North America, from Labrador to fexas; winters from Massachusetts, south. DIMENSIONS. Average measurements of specimens from North America. Length, 22 50; stretch, 35:80; wing, 10°50; tail, 3°38; bill, 1:90; tarsus, 1:85. Longest specimen, 24:00; greatest extent of wing, 37°50; longest wing, 11:00; tail, 3'50; bill, 2:10; tarsus, 2:15. Shortest specimen, 21:00; smallest extent of wing, 34:00; shortest wing, 10:00; tail, 3:12; bill, 1°75; tarsus, 1°60. ; DESCRIPTION OF NESTS AND EGGS. Nests, placed on the ground in marshy places, composed of grass, weeds, etc. Hggs, six to ten in number, elliptical in form, and greenish-brown in color. 2°35. HABITS The Black Ducks are, perhaps, the most abundant of the River Ducks in our section, and I have always found them common and breeding, in suitable localities, wherever I have been, be- tween the Gulfs of St. Lawrence and Mexico. Inthe North, however, these birds are migratory, for although speci- mens ovcur quite commonly in Massa- chusetts all winter, they are birds which breed further north, and are noticeably larger than those which live with us in summer, and which have retreated fur- ther south during cold weather. In Central Florida, I discovered a local race which is very yellow in color, and which is constantly resident in the State, where they are remarkably abun- dant. I found them breeding on Indian River, the nests being placed on the drier portions of the marshes, in grass which was about eighteen inches high. The eggs were deposited during the first and second weeks of April; then about the first of May, I would fre- quently see flocks of little downy duck- lings, following the female, but unless I took care to conceal myself, I did not enjoy watching these little families long, for as soon as the parent became Dimensions from 1°40 x 2:25 to 1°75 x aware of my presence, she would emit a chuckling note, when away they would scamper, helter-skelter, into the nearest grass, where it was impossible, upon the most careful search, to dis- cover a single young. I once surprised a brood, when they were some distance from any place of shelter, for they had ventured out upon the mud of a creek, at low tide, and I chanced to come out of the high grass, just in front of them. The old Duck appeared to comprehend the situation at once, for she came di- rectly toward me, driving her brood be- fore her, hoping to engage my attention by a display of bravery, while the young escaped into the sheltering vegetation behind me; but placing my gun on the ground, I stooped down and grasped two of the little fellows, as they were running past. The diminutive duck- lings uttered shrill cries when they were captured, which drove their parent nearly frantic, for regardless of possi- ble consequences, she dashed about in front of me, with ruffled feathers and half closed wings, often coming within a foot of me, at the same time, quack- ing loudly. This out-cry attracted the attention of the drake, but he did not approach very near, merely circling 154 about, some fifty yards distant, quack- ing softly. Leaving the old female to care for the remainder of the brood, I carried my captives into camp and placed them in a box, the sides of which were about a foot and a half high, but young as they were, they managed to escape. On the Magdalen Islands, the Black Ducks deposit their eggs during the last of May or first week in June. When in company with Mr. Wm. L. Breéze,near the first of July, I discoved a brood of about a dozen young, my attention be- ing attracted to them, by a whistling sound which they made. They were sit- ting huddled together, in the top of a small spruce which was lying prostrate over a small stream that flowed through a little ravine. The old duck was ab- sent, and by making a sudden dash at them, I managed to capture three, be- fore they were aware of our presence. Therest dropped into the shallow water, some diving, others creeping into holes, while some sought shelter beneath the roots or overhanging moss; in short, they managed to conceal themselves so effectually, that we only succeeded in finding one which we took out of the water from beneath a stone. Wild Black Ducks are frequently reared by the inhabitants on the Mag- dalen Islands, and readily mix with the domesticated race which, however, evi- dently originated from this species; and those I captured, I resigned to the care of an old lady, who had a brood of do- mestic birds, but from some unaccount- able cause, they soon died.—From May- nard’s Birds of Eastern North America. Feeding Habits of the Scarlet Fla- mingo. One of the favorite winter haunts of Phoenicopterus ignipailiatus is found on the sandy beaches that abound on the west coast of South America, at about latitude 42° South. THE OOLOGIST. On the north coast of the large island of Chiloe, there are several places of this sort where these beautiful birds may be seen in flocks of hundreds dur- ing the months of June, July and Au- gust, the winter months in that region. I remember the first time I walked over one of their favorite resorts. It was on the Pudeto river, near the small town of Ancud. The tides here are rather high owing to the formation of the bay, and as a consequence it enters the river and floods great stretches of sand that border the left bank. As the tide goes out the Flamingoes may be seen here by hundreds. The first time I visited the place the tide had been out some hours and there were no birds to be seen. I was disappointed, for the trip had been made for that special pur- pose. However my attention was soon at- tracted to long rows of small hillocks of sand, or rather, to be more exact, circular ditches in the sand that ap- peared to have been made while the water was still present. These were about two or two and one-half feet in diameter by five or six inches wide and three or four inches deep. This, of course, gave the central portion the ap- pearance of a small hill about eighteen or twenty inches in diameter. Upon inquiry I could get no information—no one had any idea how or by whom they had been made. A few days later the mystery was solved when a second visit was made to the place at a more propitious moment. Upon approaching to within a few hundred yards of where a regiment of these scarlet beauties was lined up, the birds took flight and it was then that I discovered who were the authors of my mysterious little hills. By subsequent observations I found that the birds took their stand in the water when it was about a foot and a half deep, and at more or less regular intervals about eight or ten feet apart. THE OOLOGIST. |” 155 Here they remained stationary and turned round and round with their heads under water, catching the small crustaceans that seem to be their princi- pal ‘diet. such that when it is placed on the ground the upper mandible is under- neath. This being large and strong, soon opens up the circular depression that first called my attention. Before the tide is all out they usually leave be- cause the crustaceans have by this time hidden in the sand. The Flamingo frequents this coast only during the winter months and con- sequently does not nest here, nor is it known to nest west of the Andes moun- tains. Their nests and young, however, have been observed in great numbers in the small lakes of brackish water that abound on the plains of Patagonia east of the mountains. Undoubtedly these are the same birds that spend their winters in Chile, the lofty Andes proving no barrier to their flight. There are many roads by which they can pass, the mountains being intercepted by fre- quent rivers that empty into the Pacific, and have their origin beyond the snow- covered Andes, in the plains of the Ar- gentine Republic.—J. C. Hambleton in The O. 8. U. Naturalist. An Albino English Sparrow. The European House Sparrow, which is generally known as ‘‘English Spar- row,” was not known in this country fifty years ago, but today is scattered over our states from the Atlantic to the Pacific and from the Lakes to the Gulf. This detestable little Sparsow has driv- en almost all our song birds from our midst, such as the Bluebird, Martin and Wrens. These Sparrows, together with the Bronzed Grackle, have about taken possession of our city. Each evening the air is filled with these blackbirds coming in to roost in the large maple The form of their beak is shade trees that line the streets of our beautiful city. Everywhere we go, through city or country, we see hundreds of these’Spar- rows which are a pest to the farmer as well as the citizens of our towns. Among the thousands that we see every day I had never seen an albino, but on last Decoration Day a young man who knew that I was interested in birds came to my house and said that his father had killed a small bird that morning that was pure white, which he had intended to bring in to me but had come off forgetting it. Knowing that it must be a rare bird of some kind, J at once got into my buggy and started for his home, a distance of five miles in the countrv. Arriving toere I was given the specimen, which upon exam- ination I found to be an albino Euro- pean House Sparrow. It was pure white, not a colored feather on it. It had been with the ‘‘English Spar- rows” around the barnyard. I found the bird in a very bad condition as it had been killed with No. 7 shot, but I brought it home, cleaned it off nicely and after a great.deal of hard work got avery nice mounted specimen which I - now have in my collection. This is the only pure white albino I have heard of in our state for five or six years. There have been a few not- ed, but there were none of them, so far as [ know, that were pure white. I will not take up any more of your space, but if this letter is of sufficient interest to justify publication will send in a few notes at some future time. Hoping to hear from any bird stu- dents over the country and with best wishes for the OéLoeisT I close. G. G. WELSH, Greensburg, Ind. The Arctic Three-toed Woodpecker. In your April issue Mr. C. F. Posson mentions the Arctic Three-toe as a rare species in Western New York, even 156 THE OOLOGIST. north of the 48d parallel. In Michigan this Woodpecker is not rarely found as far south as the 48d parallel and I know it to be a regular resident at 43 degrees, 30 minutes north latitude. I do not think this Woodpecker wanders much and it can generally be relied upon as a resident where found. I have seen this species in Kent and Montcalm counties, Michigan, which are approximately lat- itudinal with Orleans county, where Mr. Posson’s specimens were taken. The Arctic, which is abundant in Mich- igan north of the 44th parallel is much more generally distributed than its near relative, the American Three-toed, which is exceedingly rare in this state; and I have never met with the latter. H.Nehrling is credited,Cook’s ‘‘Birds of Michigan”, with saying that the Ameri- can Three-toed is not rare in the Upper Peninsula, The Arctic is a very retiring species and must be hunted for in the deep woods, and is more frequently found in the pineries. There is no doubt that the nest could be found if the observers of Michigan would make a search inthe proper locality in the state. MoRRIS GIBBS, Kalamazoo. The Belted Piping Plover. (Aigialitis meloda circumcincta. | This interesting little Plover arrives here to breed about the first of May, but does not commence housekeeping until the middle part of the same month. I have found a set of two eggs the 18th of May which I presume is about as early as they commence laying in this iocality. Their favorite nesting site seems to be the barren sandbars in the rivers, al- though I have found a nest of this spec- ies on a sandbar which had quite a growth of young willows. They scratch several shallow holes in the sand and seem to take possession of the dryest one. In a dry season they very seldom line their nest but in a wet season they will occasionally line it with pebbles and bits of dried twigs. I have found them to lay two and three sets in a season, but seldom three except when their nests have been rob- bed. I have never found the birds set- ting on their nests, but which I pre- sume they do during the night. Gro. P. ANDERSON, Dannebrug, Neb. ns Queer Nesting. On June 4th, last I found a nest of Mountain Quail containing 11 eggs of this bird and 9 eggs of the Ring Phea- sant. This is the first time that such an occurrence has came under my observa- tion. The Quail was settting on all the eggs and incubation was about one- fourth advanced. The Ring Pheasant was not about and has not been seen since setting has begun. How the lit- tle quail kept possession of her nest is a mystery as the Pheasants are fighters, aud generally drive off the other birds. A. G. PRILL, Scio, Oregon. Notes. If you will observe the Blackbirds when they are giving their call notes you will find that they first ruffle up the feathers or slightly elevate the wings preparatory to issuing the notes. This motion of the wings tends to lighten the weight and the bird rises slightly if upon a slender branch; then a call is given and the bird settles back, drop- ping to its first position. Itis very in- teresting to observe the flight when the notes of a bird are given on the wing. Notice the flight of the Woodpeckers and the Goldfinch as they utter their notes when on the wing. You will find that the habit rarely varies in any one species of bird. G. THE OOLOGIST 157 Specimens, Curios and Publications at 25c on the Dollar, or at 1-4 Rates. Our ‘$2.75 for $1.00’? Premium Offer made for 1900, as printed in THE OOoLo- Gist for January of the past year, expires on January 1, 1901, and will be discon- tinued on that date. When inventorying, we found that we had hundreds of these premium articles left—in fact at least 75 per cent. of the entire list, and while they last we have concluded to close them out at **25 cents on the Dollar.” This includes everything offered on the ‘‘2.75 for $1.00 list’? —Birps Eae@s, SEA SHELLs, SEA CurRIos, FosstLs, MINERALS, GEM STONES, MISCELLANEOUS CURIOS, BIRD AND ANIMAL AND FLOWER PICTURES, BOOKS AND PUBLICATIONS, ETc.—everything goes at **25 cents on the Dollar,” subject, however, to the following condi- tions, viz: 1. You can select from the list any amount you may wish andremit me omne- fourth my price—$2.00 worth for 50c; $4.00 worth for $1.00; $20.00 worth for $5.00; other amounts in like proportion. I will accept no order, however, netiing me less than 50c—smaller orders positively refused and remittance returned at send- er’s expense. 2. Unless you wish your selections sent by express at your expense, an addi- tional amount must be included to cover postage, which will be about 5 cents on every dollar’s worth at list rates. 3. You must name additional articles—about one-half as many more— to be used as substitutes in case the ones you wish are sold. The supply of True, Ben- dire and Lucas pamphlets, Ostrich Eggs, and about one-half the eggs in sets have already been exhausted. If you have not a copy of this ‘‘2.75 for $1.00 OoLoGist PREMIUM LIsT,’’ or a copy of THE OoLOGIST containing the same, I'll mail you one upon receipt of stamp. Faithfully, FRANK H. LATTIN. THE COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB Has published three-fourths of the most inter- esting descriptions of the nests and eggs or “rare species of the West, which have been printed during the past six years, including the Hermit Warbler, Western Evening Gros- beaks nie threated Swift,California Vulture, ete., etc. It isnow publishing “THE CONDOR” Formerly the BULLETIN of the COOCOPERORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB. A crisp and breezy 16 to 24 page bi-monthly bird journal, illustrated as required. The arti- cles are all from field workers and have a ring Which enthuses the live ornithologist. The only Bird Magazine devoted solely to the Or- nithology of the Great West. Always out on time! You want it! Subscription $1 a year. Sample copy, 20c. For sample, address C. BARLOW, Editor-in- chief, Santa Clara, Cal. Subscriptions to DON- eae A. COHEN, Business Manager, Alameda, al. 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Condor and Recreation .............----0-------.---- $1 30 Recreation, Condor, Auk, Bird-Lore and Oologsist ees): LOU ae Se See eee ele 5 10 Oologist, Condor and Recreation ............... 1 58 Outing, Recreation and Condor .................. 3 64 Birds and All Nature and Condor............... 1 90 Akan) CONGDOL Sees es eee eee a eee 3 40 Bittern, Condor and Oologist Dore oe Nn Eee 1 37 Cosmopolitan, Condor and Recreation ...... 2 12 Review of Reviews, Current Literature, McClure’s, Success and Cosmopolitan. 3 96 Munsey, Cosmopolitan and McClures......... 2 50 Harpers, Success, Review of Reviews, Mc- Clure’s and Cosmopolitan ..................... 6 20 Century Magazine. with one year’s back TUT LSS 2 Se Re 4 25 Lippincott’s Magazine, Condor and New Ridgeway’s Manual.........-.......-...--2------- 7 97 Condor, Bird Lore and New Newton’s Dic- tionary of Birds.............22...22..-.0222e0----e - 5 28 Photo Era, Condor and Recreation............ 2 72 Condor, New Chapman’s Handbook and Bird Studies with a Camera.................. 4 29 Review of Reviews, Pearsons, and Success 2 48 Condor and OSDpre)..........---.0--------2e-eeeeeeecenees 1 65 Send for my full list and_ clubbing offers. I will club all American or Foreign Periodicals and Newspapers or accept single subscriptions to any at wholesale prices, Send list of wants and let me make a bid for all your subscrip- tions and renewals and in most cases renewals are just aS cheap as new subscribers. Agents wanted. BOOKS of every description at wholesale prices. All sent prepaid, lists free. Bin dvHOm esses fly. ieee ieee ore, -81 95 The Butterfly Book.................000..00eeeeeeeee 2 90 Comstocks’ Manual of Insects .............. ...... 3 50 Nature’s Garden........ ....00.02....2ceeee eee =... 2 90 Hornaday’s Taxidermy i. 2)3D Davie’s Nest and Eggs................0220.222.2002- 1 50 Elliot’s Wild Fowl, Shore Birds, Game BirdsPeachioes ou ee een 2400 Wild Animals I Have Known ... ......... The Trail of the Sandhill Stag......... 0.0... Biography of a Grizzly .......0..0..2..002...06..--0-- The Harriman Expedition to Alaska Birds and All Nature, vols. 1-8, cloth,each. i 00 The Master Christian ...... oe 120 A Furnace of Earth. e3 at EbenjHoldenks 2s eke eee 1 20 Send list of wants. Bulletin of New Books free. I also carry a fine line of Oologists Tools and Supplies. Oological specimens. Lists on request. BENJAMIN HOAG, Books and Periodicals, Stephentown, N.Y. BIRD SKINS FOR SALE: Extra fine skins of American Hawk Owl, 82 each; American Goshawk. $2.50; Snowy Owl, $3.50; Ferruginous Rough-leg, $3; Curlew Sand- piper, $1; Black Oystercatcher,$2; Black-bellied lover, adults, $1.25; Bufflehead Duck, adults, $1.25 and many other species. Send for full list. W. RAINE, Kew Beach, Toronto, Can. PENIKESE. A reminiscent sketch of Agassiz famous Summer School. A 96-page book of much interest to students of Nature. Read what others say: ‘Have found it extremely interesting read- ing,’’—HENRY PRIME, Garden City, L. I, “T enjoyed the book [PENIKESE] very much.” —W. W. KINSLEY (Supt. of Schools) Grand Ledge, Mich. “Tt is both instructive and entertaining and deserves a place in the library of every student of nature.’’—W. D. LYNN, Canfield, O. ‘ “T have just finished reading ‘PENIKESE’ and can say that I have enjoyed it exceedingly. Anything looking toward keeping green the memory of the great Agassiz should be of in- terest to the teacher of biology and no period of his life is more interesting than the years spent in building up the laboratory on Peni- kese.’”’—W. P. Hay (Prof. Biology, HighSchool) Washington, D.C. “T have read the book [PENIKHSE] with great interest and think it an admirable remini- scence of one of the greatest naturalists of the nineteenth century. The name of Agassiz is assuredly treasured by all true lovers of na- ture and his methods of study have left a strik- ing impress on present-day workers.’’—(Rev.) ROBERT BLIGHT, Green Lane,'Pa. Price only 25c (reduced from 38c). Prepaid. FRANK H. LATTIN, Pub’r, Albion, N. Y BIRDS EGGS IN SETS. I now have in stock many fine sets of the fol- lowing eggs: Red-throated Loon 1-2, 30c; Skua 1-2, 40c: Parasitic Jaeger 1-2, 18¢c; Fulmar sets 1-1, 18c; Stormy Petrel sets 1- 1, 20¢; Manx Shearwater 1-1’ 30; Corncrake 1-8 to I- 10, 10c; Northern Phalarope 1-4, 18c; European Snipe 1-4, 12c; Dunlin 1-4, 15¢; Whimbrel 1-4, 18¢; Lapwing 1-4, 5c; Golden Plover 1- 4, 18c; Ring Plover 1-4, 10¢; Oystercatcher, nat 1-4, 12¢; Snowflake 1-5, 30. All prices quoted above are er egg. Many other desirable spec- ies. end for free list to W. RAINE. Kew Beach, Toronto, Canada. FOR SALE. First class sets prepaid at price named per 088 Western Grebe, 3, 4and 5 $ American Eared| Grebe, 4,5and 6.. é American Bittern, 4......-2..22...22.222--ce.e2-e ee eee 25 CHARLES L. CASS, 523 Packard St., Ann Arbor, Mich. | WANT YOUR NAME FOR MY MAILING LIST. NRWMAN B. McGIRR, Dealer in Books for the Naturalist, 2102 Market St., Philadelph THE OOLOGIST. 159 We want You to Know Us not only as makers of the NEW ROCHESTER, THE STANDARD LAMP OF THE WORLD, but also as headquarters for all lamp information. We will cheer- fully supply it gratis, whether pertaining to Rochester goods or not. Our motive is not entirely philanthropic. We want you to think ‘‘ROCHESTER”’ whenever you think ‘‘ LAMPS.’’ But we don’t want you to consider, as so many do, that any centre-draft lamp is a Rochester. The name is not that of a class but of a par- ticular lamp. And every lamp that has not that name stamped on it is not a real Rochester or NEW ROCHESTER. _ If the dealer sells or offers it as such he 1s trying to defraud you. Beware of him. Whatever you want to know about lamps, Whenever you want to know it, ask THE ROCHESTER LAMP CO., 38 Park Place and 33 Barclay St., New York. PIGS HS BRIS GS I SAS ROR) JAMES P. BABBITT, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Taxidermists’ Supplies, Bird Skins, Eggs & Publications. Fine Imported Glass Eyes a Specialty. Illustrated Catalogue and large monthly bulle- tin of bargains in Birds Skins and Eggs free upon application. PITTI SSRI) CIC OOOO IIe By) TAUNTON, MASS. COLLECTOR’S TOOL. A POCKET INSTRUMENT FOR TREE COLLECTING. SAVES EGGS,DANGER,TIME. Send Stamp for Circular. (175) J. Rowland Nowell, Portman, S. C. USE PRINTED STAIIONERY! printed with your name, address 3 0 C and business, postpaid, only R. G. TREAT, Brookly, Ohio. 171 Albino Birds and Mammals BOUGHT AND SOLD. Have now on hand fine Albino specimens and advisable for men. (mounted) of Virginia Deer, Badger, Mink, No. 17—with Plain Open Sights....@6.00 Opossum, Gray Squirrel, Red-tailed Hawk, No. 18—with Target Sights.-........ 8.50 Green-wing Teal, Red-headed Duck, Crow, Where these rifles are not carriedin stock by dealers we Song Sparrow, White-throated Sparrow, Gold- All Stevens Rifles are guaranteed to be é SAFE, SOLID, YJ. ACCURATE. aa The line is most complete, ae embracing pistols, heavy * rifles for target and hunting purposes, light pocket rifles with skeleton stocks. The ‘“‘FAVORITE” 50 Noteheads and 25 Envelopes are covered by the same guarantee. The best in the world for boys. Just as reliable will send, express prepaid, on receipt of price. Send stamp for catalogue. J. STEVENS ARMS & TOOL CO., Box 2196 - ° Chicopee Falls, Mass. finch, Scarlet Tanager, Kingbird, Junco, Eng- lish Sparrow. Correspondence solicited from those who wish to buy or sell. J. L. CHILDS, Floral Park, N. Y. 170 160 THE OOLOGIST Bird-Lore for JOO. Birp-Lore’s special aim during the coming year will be to assis' teachers and students of birds by te!ling them just what to study and _just what to teach at the proper season. It will, therefore, publish a series of articles, on the birds of a number of localities including the — vicinity of Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Chicago and San Francisco. To these will be added ‘Suggestions for the Month’s Study’ and “Sug: gestions for the Month’s Reading’; such subjects as migration, mating, singing, nesting, molting, etc., being considered in their due time. The whole thus forms a definite plan of study which, it is believed, will be of the utmost value to the instructor, to the independent observer, and to bird-clubs and natural history societies. In this connection much assi tance will be rendered by Birp-Lorx’s Advisory Council composed of ov- er fifty prominent ornithologists, residing throughout the Un’ted States ts and Canada, who have consented to respond to requests for information ee and advice. : | While a number of the more general articles for the year™ “will: bear ee on the months’ subject for study, as, for instance, Dr. Dwight’s paper ~ ‘How Birds Molt,’ there will also be contribtions of wide popular © interest, among the more important of which may be mentioned an ad- Cee dress on Audubon, by Dr. Elliott Coues; letters; written by Audubon 1827; John Burroughs’ list of his rarer bird) visitors; Frank M. Chap- man’s fully illustrated account of a bird-nesting expedition with this genial naturalist; Ernest Seton-Thompson’s ‘How to Know the Hawks rs and Owls’ (illustrated); Tudor Jenks’ ‘From an Amateur’s Point of . 4 View;’ T. S. Palmer’s ‘Ostrich Farming in America’ (illustrated); F cay ee Lucas’ ‘Birds of Walrus Island,’ with remarkable illustrations; H. W. Henshaw’s ‘Impressions of Hawaiian Birds;’ C. Will Beebe’s illustrated account of some of the birds under his charge at the New York Zoolog- ical Garden, and an important paper on ‘Bird Protection in Great Brit- ain,’ by Montagu Sharpe, chairman of the English Society for the Pro- - tection of Birds. 20centsanumber. _ 7 $1.00a ae : Send 10 cents for a specimen copy. THE MACMILLAN CO., Mulberry and Crescent Sts., Harrisburg, Pa. THE OOLOGIST, FOR THE STUDENT OF BIRDS, THEIR NESTS AND EGGS. VOLUME XVIII. ALBION, N. Y.: FRANK H. LATTIN, M. D., PUBLISHER. 1901, y INDEX TO Alaska Notes.,.................... Bey Meer er ane A RSE S| 172 Albino Eggs of Stalia stalis..............0.-...--- peal Albinoes, More........ ACRES SM le Och Ey AN 43 Bird Life of a Virginia Island, ..................... 118 EIT CUBNIVD LIST Ce ari ses SS Oe i A ie 8, 24 Bird Notes from California, Winter......... ..... 10 Birds Capture Their Prey, How Some...101,122, ERE Oe ue oe eh Ene ENR ECE ld 187, 153 Birds of Michigan and Their Protection, The Leecacocn Aba Ge Roc R CORA EERE Se eee EEE Per ee eRe ee 21 Birds of South Jersey, Notes on Two............ 106 Si GLELM AMONG AM ies eese-cosencsseey ce seeeeeeereee eee 103 - Bittern Observed in Pennsylvania, Least...... 44 Blackbird, Red-winged....................2.....-226 38, 43 Bluebird, Pei eaeert at een Ores thin b74 | TO = Oe ID twee ale nam OU OI SS cal Sete CeO 9 SOD =WiiGO yeaa oe ne 44, 106 ES OOS SANG Wo seieiies occ os BO 107, 141 BUshe tite California ees eee eae s cua se 11 California, Winter Bird Notes from......... ..... 10 California, Western Red-tailed Hawk in Orange (COUT Gy spear ee coe So TOU Peco 69 “Canadian Birds” By J. Macoun: A Review,,...44 Catbird, The Food Supply of the.............. .....149 Caustic Potash ........ Sess LRA Ger tf! 90, 122, 151 Concerning Data. eee oe bekeeeeceees 140 Consideration Arlen eee 88 Oar ASIN nu ee ee | MEE Failures 39 Chickadee, Black-capped..........-.................89, 48 Crane, Little Brown) eee 139 a Crowepamericanwe subaws Mi cee el 54 (OPRON 5 POSTS eee a ee ee arn ROC 106 Creeper Towle olor le an urea eile 42, 154 Cuckoo, Black-billed 122, 153 DUCK OOS ae ee hey OIE Lie SOE a 24 Data Concerning. eee. ne, BDO VC eNO UE YN UE 10 ee oes ea De an ce AD OVEN Eee \AYCOXO YG le eee ee Hggs, Packing for Shipment Eggs, Use of Caustic Potash for Incubated Ue race ae eee ctoakee eR BRE a de 90, 122, 151 Eggs, Use of Pancreation on Incubated_..122,151 LMA ny 1 2A Bey ON eye I AGI a eae a Flicker, Flycatcher, Great Crested...............22...::.0008 Food Supply, Baltimore Oriole VOL. XVIII. Food Supply, Brown Thrasher .................... 186 Food Supply, Catbird. ...................... Food Supply Mockingbird................. Food Supply, House Wren Grackle, Bronzed.......... Riese eat Grosbeak, Evening Grosbeak Pinew iii sie i iaealins / SONS Nee 42 Grouse, Oregon Ruffed .o.......... oc eeeecceeecececeeeee 63 Grouse, Pinnated Gull, American Herring... 37 Gull, Laughing Hawk, Cooper’s Eawiky, SUC Kes oA eet ae Hawk, European Sparrow. ..... ................. ce 26 ELA WK, VET ar amiss oey ee esnuran lien bape Reaeed WG 1 Hawk in Central Illinois, The Red-tailed.......61 Hawk; Keri ders neni is RO 27, 41 Hawk, Nesting of the Broad-winged.........._.... 5 Hawk, Red-shouldered, ~.................. 12. 40, 59, 71 Hawk, Red-tailed....................... 26, 40, 59, 71, 163 Hawk, Swainson’s_._.o.0000220--cesceces ee 42 Hawk, Western Red-tailed..................... 69 Heron, Great Blue...........000000....22000-0000.. 104, 153 How Some Birds Capture their Prey,...101, 122, BEE EA Boe SCERO CAEL CBE ESSE a a alta ee OLAS 137, 153 Hummingbird, Broad-tailed Nesting Habits of the Illinois, The Red-tailed Hawk in Central.____. 61 Tawar Notes 2.2: stu sapien ee GUC easy 73 Incubated Eggs, Preparing for Cabinet 90,122,151 JOCLIN ESS LPs a eae nu auienln Sr ili day cia .... 189 Junco, Slate colored Kingfisher, Belted.......... 2.0... Wark HON ed sa7 eau O wea ee TOU ee UN Ae il Index. DAE TLE Wak Ra ar eee Sn eee LO SL aoa 39 Manitoba, Field Notes from.............. ......... 26,41 . Maternal Solicitude. An Example of........ 188 AUIS ol bb a ea tte Men a a ee ee a 26 Michigan, The Accipter Cooperti in Wayne and Oakland counties, .........2....22. 9. -2eeeeceeee eee 184 Michigan, The Birds of—and Their Protection ee a nut ane 1 AVM Ge a a fad Re ree RARE ae 21 Mockingibindy 2.0.5.0), Sse 11 IMEUSIC WBE Ge Ci ie Ce ee aes sete 8, 24 Nests ThesuiseotiOld ee 12 Nests, Some Twice Occupied_.................. 120, 136 Nesting Habits of the Broad-tailed Humming- DUT chee SRI a . 133 Nesting of the Broad-winged Hawk, .............. 5 Nesting Sites of Melospiza fasciata,unusual..122 Nesting, \Queer::c.)..-.02. 2a a oe 62 New Jersey, Notes on Two Birds of South ..... 106 ANG oh tha wik, oes en a ae Notes, lowa Notes on Two Birds of South Jersey,........... 106 Nuthatch, Red-breasted......_............-2.:---.000.--- 43 Nuthatch, White-breasted.................... 22....... 43 OologiSt? Who is all..............--22-2-ccsee0eeeeeeeeeeeee es 53 Oriole, The Food Supply of The Baltimore...134 Osprey, American..............-2--..222:00 ceneeee 102, 107 OVOI= DING re oo ee an tese eee 8, 73, 188 Owl, Barred................----.-- FUME GFR Sal NE 12 ‘Owl, A Handsome Little EER DET HE Sead oat 85 Owls GreatiElOrned ass eee een 122 Owl) The Spotted eee eee 165 Owl, Western Horned. ................... 27, 86, 155, 167 Oystercatcher, American..................-......1...... 119 Pan-American Notes.................---- 75, 90, 125, 142 Pancreatin on Incubated Eggs, Use of...122, 151 Partridge, Mountain........... ..22....22.222.2..22-2 2 62 Pelican, BLOW le ea ee es 102 Pennsylvania, Least Bittern Opeemed iba 44 PHEASAUG. Oe ee eee eee cee eeaee 62 PHOCDE|: se Sees eee le ee EN Re a 39 (PiseCOn eR ASSONL Oly... ces seen tee ee eeeeeene ee eeanns 117 Pipit, American........ Plover, Wilson’s.... Rail, -Clappery ©. --2.--c-----.-s--scenee-e= ada ete Redstart, AmMerican............ 2....2-...22--222- opine Americans 222i eee eee eres RODIN AWiCS CORT ee ae eas i eeee ae eeneenteneeaaae Sapsucker, Yellow-bellied Sets: Two) Odden) oo a aera Shrike, Great Northern..................------ Shrike, White-rumped.................-----c-c¢e-2--20-00-2 Sieimim rE a Clee eee eee eee tees een tes THE OOLOGIST. Sparrow,, Chipping ae nena 24 SAE O Wes) HT a Sree ee 43 Sparrow, Golden-crowned Sparrow, Intermediate Sparrow, Seaside Sparrows SON pee eae Sparrow, Vesper. a eee Sparrow, White-crowned... Swallow, Rough-wing Swallow: Trees 2.0): ae ees Swift, Chimney Tern, Common Tern, Forster’s Timely and to the Point Trogon, Coppery-tailed .............00...0..ceeeeeeee ee Twice Occupied Nests and Other Notes, Some cbadecasade decked SUMAN SUE OROn Eales eae 120, 136 Unusual Nesting Sites of Melospiza fasciata 122 Vireo, Warbling.............0.00..20220.2202--- Virginia Island, Bird Life of a Vulture, The Turkey IWiatDler, AWG UOT S Sees ncee eee Warbler, Black and White Warbler, Blackburnian ...... ........... jWiarbler, Cape Mayo) eee Warbler, Chestnut-sided...........2.......22.--200------ Warbler, Canadian 2.0. eee eee Wiarbler Hoovenrse nee eee .10 Warbler, Magnolia Wiarbler, Myrtle ieee Warbler, Nashville ts 220 15 een ae een Warbler, Northern Parula Warbler; Pine 2 ee ae Warbler, Yellow Warblers Found Breeding in Livermore, Maines 2.02 seh ee ee 181 Waxwing, Cedar.......-.....2.ccs.cecesce--enceccer-onee 11, 154 IWASCONSLI GEES Interac enone one 105 IWihip-POOL=WwaAlllie ssw sees eee eee ee 72, 138 © Woodpecker, Golden-winged (Flicker),......... 123 Woodpecker, Yellow-bellied (Sapsucker) ....123 Wren, HOUSC 25.2.2 Ss ace ee en 105 Wren, The Food Supply of the House......... 170 Yellow-legsi cick ee oe ence 43, Yellow-throat, Maryland................. ..----.. 72, 184 THE OOLOGIST. 71 Larvae Markings and Armature. 50 plates, mostly colored, 10 maps, &c,. 550 pages, 4to. TESS) ce he DA |e RR Oe 2 $5 00 dampson, Moths of British India. 1892, 333 ae 528pP .. . ..$3 Torbush & Fernald, “The Gypsey. Moth, pan BOCs eS eye ete epee oe I ee ae 82 50 Young Oologist, "pl. I and II, cloth iar 65 DJologist, Vol. II and IV, cloth bound ..... > 60 Vol. IX, ’92. 300 pages, cloth bound .... . OVP) Thirty back numbers, issued from 1890 to 1896, inclusive. my selection............ 63 Dologist and Young Oologist. Highty back Numbers. All different (4.00). Lot DRCDORUNOWIV ime 4 hs. ee tees Twenty back numbers issued prior to 1890, my selection, prepaid ...... Almost any back issue can be furnished. Send stamp for list and prices. Natural Science News. Vol. complete, 52 numbers, only six coniplete vols. left. Will send you one for only...... .- Vol. II complete, #4 numbers, only......... 30 ngersoll, E., Birds’ Nesting[ 1.25] ............. 1 00 Rice ay: Hummingbirds, 132p, 46 plates, CUP TAYE 4 ee ee ee ian Se ie eta 2 00 Apgar, A., Pocket Key of the Birds ot ine Nortnern United States East of the Rocky Mountains (50) .._............0.. 22.2... 45 ‘Morris, Nests and Eggs of British Birds. Vol. 2, 154 colored plates, 1859............... 6 00 Louck’s, Life History and Distribution of the Prothonotary Warbler in Illinois. 30 Zooke, Bird, ele revion of MississrD pi Val- ley. 3'2 pp -- 1 00 Birds of Colorado, Hepp ith supple- ment.. 1 Ge Davie, Nest and. ‘Kegs of N. oN ae ids, 2a Pe (ZS lonytheHes oe ais] 0) Bee rece saree ya neey WL uk areas 1 Foster, Biographical Sketch anal Publish- ed Writings of Geo. N. Lawrence, TA TO) SONS ea ea svn eS So 60 Address FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y, Marine Curios and Shells. I make a specialty in collecting, pre- paring and selling anything in the jine of Marine Specimens obtainable on the Gulf Coast. I sell to-she Collector as well as to the Retail, ‘Wholesale and Jobbing trade. J. H. HOLMES, Dvugedin, Fla. THE OOLOGIST A FULL YEAR FOR ONLY 25 CENTS. If you do not care to accept the 50¢c premium offer made in Jan’y issue we will until further notice accept subscriptions at 25¢ each and in addition mail each accepting the offer a coupon zood for a 25 word Exchange Notice, free. Ad- dress plainly, FRANK H. LATTIN, Publisher, Albion, N. Y- Choice North Dakota Sets. To make room before opening of collecting season I offer personally collected sets as be- low. Orders exceeding $3.00, carriage prepaid. Orders exceeding $5,00, discount 10 per cent. On orders exceeding $19, discount 20 per cent. No exchanges. Ducks nest or down, 25 cents. PER EGG American Avocet. 14, 1-1.. 2.--...--.-.-..2... Diese. 40c FATHOrIGan) Bitbermi a Zeece Meee eee eee eee Le 40 IVES CONTI Le tis 2g .. o 7) OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. VOL. XVIII. NO. 2. ALBION, N. Y., FEB., 1901. WHOLE No. 173 Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department for 25c per 25 words. Notices over 25 words, charged at the rate of one-half cent per each additional word. No notice inserted for less than 25c. Terms, cash with order. Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-third list rates. What’s Your Number? Examine the number following your name on the wrapper of this month’s OOLOGIST. It denotes when your subscription expired or will expire. No.173 your subscription expires with this issue 1m “ ‘ “” Apr., 1901 180 ee oe ee os Sept., be 184 ot be ce a6 Dec., ce Intermediate numbers can easily be deter- mined. If we have you credited wrong we wish to rectify. “T am sending you payment for the enclosed adv. to be inserted in the next issue of the best advertising medium I know of-THE OOLOGIST.”’ W. LEE CHAMBERS, Santa Monica, Calif. WANTED.—Copy of March, 1893, OOLOGIST. Will give 4 different back No.’s OoLoGIstT. JOHN D. CURRIE, 1210 Yale Place, Minnea- polis, Minn. g TO EXCHANGE.—With Twin City collectors sets 348, my collecting JOHN D. CURRIE, 1210 Yale Place, Minneapolis, Minn. WANTED FOR CASH.—Will give cash for desirable sets. Send your lists at once, with lowest cash price. Many common sets wanted. W. LEE CHAMBERS, Santa Monica, Cal. GIVEN.-—-A nest 20 ft. out on a limb. Prob- lem: To get the eggs. Solution: Nowell’s Collectors’ Tool. Drop him a ecard for circular. WANTED FOR CASH.—First-class sets of game birds, (particularly large sets) Ducks, Geese, Grouse, Partridges, etc. Send list and lowest cash prices; also quote fine sets of any North American birds. J. L. CHILDS, Floral Park, N. Y. 174 FOR SALE in the flesh during Feb., March and April: Common Cormorats. 75c to $1 25; Gt. Am. Sheldrake, 30c to 75c; Golden Kyes, 25c to 40c. ALVAH G.DORR,Taxidermist and Fur Dealer, Bucksport, Maine. WANTED.—Ridgeway’s Birds’ of Illinois, Vol. II. Will pay cash. ISAAC E. HESS, Philo, Ils. W ANTED.—Orders for choice sets of Califor- nia birds’ eggs. To be collected during the sea- poe of 1901. J.S. APPLETON, Simi, Ventura 0., Cal. ° PHEASANT EGGS FOR HATCHING.—On and after May first I will be ready to supply settings of Mongolian Ring Neck Pheasants. Settings of 15, price $4. Orders booked now. A. ee rat none 1409 So. Salina St., Syracuse, 0 Yc 17 FOX, MOUNTED.—To exchange for Nat. History books, printing press, money, back No.’s Auk, Taxidermist, etc. Write for photo, describing what you have. Also have Hamil- ton 22-cal. rifle for Hornaday’s or Rowley’s Taxidermy. J. D. ANTHONY, Waubeek.lowa. NOTICE.—Send your catalogue of Insects, Sea Curios, Reptiles, Birds, Minerals, ete., to EDWIN H. REIBER, 160 Champlain St., Roch- ester, N. Y. WANTED.-Collectors throughout the United States and Canada to collect for me Scientifi- cally birds’ eggs in sets, with full data, at 1g Lattin’s catalogue rates. DR. M. T. CLECK- LEY, 457 Greene St., Augusta, Ga. 175 COMBINATION OFFER.— While they last I will sell Cal. Br ‘wn Pelican 4%, Cassins’ Auklet 1-1, Western Gull 14, Annas’ Hummingbird n-2, Costas’ Hummingbird n-2, for $2.40. Remem- ber all extra fine sets, with complete data. If you wish to buy them singly write me. W. LEE CHAMBERS, Santa Monica, Cal. EXCHANGE.—I have large lot of sets and singles of Mounted Birds and Skins, Ornithol- ogist and Stamp Magazines. I want Eggs, Skins, Mounted B rds. ete. Send lists, all an- swered. W.JENNINGS WIRT, Box 137,Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Y. ARIZONA SKINS FOR EXCHANGE.—I have just received alot of Arizona skins, which I will offer in exchange for any a-1 sets notin my collection. Among the lot are Rivoli Hum- mingbirds, Gracies Warblers, Elf and Pigmey Owl, Black-vented Shearwaters, Mt. Plover, ect. W. LEE CHAMBERS, Santa Monica, Cal. 18 THE OOLOGIST. OSPREY’S EGGS richly marked and a-1 da- ta; 3-4 60c per egg, 10-3 45c per egg, 4:2 40c per egg, 3-1 30c per egg; 12 second-class singles 10c per egg;Sharp Shinned Hawk,3 heavily blotch- ed singles $1 per egg; 14x 5 Vive camera hold- ing 12 plates $5. All postpaid. For sale or ex- change. J. B. NEWTON, Unionville, Ct. EXCHANGE. ~—The season for collecting is now here. Are you supplied with data blanks? Iam furnishing a number of collectors with these desirable books. 100 datas, with stub at- tached, size 3x6, stub 24% x3, extra quality paper, at 50c per 100. In exchange for desirable sets. Write me and send list. Satisfaction guaranteed. GEO. W. MORSH, Box 230, Ash- ley, Indiana. EXCHANGE.—I have a list of over 200 sets with full data to exchange for sets not in my coliection. These sets are from California, Ar- izona and Texas, and I can supply most any common sets from these localities along with a reat many rare ones. Send lists to W. LEE CHAMBERS, Santa Monica, Cal. FOR EXCHANGE.—West Indian land shells, also several cases and drawers suitable for eggs or shells, desiderata shells, curios, cte. T. Q PRIDDEY, 371 Carlton St., Toronto, Can- ada. EXCHANGE.—In exchange for desirable sets with data, some back No.’s of Sports Afield, Gameland Recreation, Art and Nature, Outing, The Taxidermy, Collectors’ Monthly,OoLOGIST, Bird Lore, and Os rey. Write me your wants and send list. GEO. W. MORSE, Box 230, Ash- ley, Indiana. EXCHANGE.—I will exchange Cameras, Kodaks, Rifles, Revolvers, Bicycles of any make you may want that is a standard wheel, or anything in the sporting goods line for rare sets of N. A. birds’ eggs not inmy collection. Or will sell the above for part cash and take the balance in eggs. W. LEE CHAMBERS, Santa Monica, Cal. TO EXCHANGE.—Indian Relics, Marlin Rifle, 32 Cal. with tools, Stamps, 75 Stamp pa- pers, Telescope, Eggs, Books, etc. Want Ban- jo Music, Typewriter, Hammerless Shotgun, Stevens Rifle, Pistol, Mounted Birds or tobac- —co tags. F. H. RICKER, Box 38, Lisbon, Me. NEW TURNEY Coaster brake and hub. Cen- tury Gas Bicycle Lamp, used twice, Medical Record for 1900, Phila. Medical Journal for 1900. What offers in mounted birds, etc. DR. A. E. PAYNE, Riverhead, N. Y. TAXIDERMIST’S OUTFIT:—Contains one heavy Cartilage Knife; 1 nickeled and engrav- ed Scalpel with tip shaped for detaching skin, muscles, &c;1 pair Scissors; 1 pair Forceps; 1 Dissecting Hook;1 Brain Spoon; 1 pocket Wire Cutter. Instruments best, all packed in polished Hard-wood Case. A better outfit than the one always sold at $8. I have only two outfits and will close them out at only $2.20 prepaid. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. WANTED.—Osprev, Hummers, Hawks, War- blers and all N. A. birds’ eggs in choice sets, large series even of common species. Pay cash or good exchange in books, magazines, oolo- gist tools and supplies. bicycles, guns, fish rods and tackle, cameras, field glasses, in fact al- most any article for outdoor sport or nature study. Send lists, quote lowest prices if you want cash or state what you want in exchange. I can save you money if you want to pay cash for any of above articles. BENJAMIN HOAG, Stephentown, New York. “Would say my ad. in OOLOGIST for un- mounted sea mosses has brought me specimens enough to cover a surface 12 ft. square. I think the OOLoGIsT is the best advertising medium for collectors in America.’’ WM. CUDNEY, Galt, Ont. WANTED.—Sets of eggs containing abnor- mal specimens, such as runts, albinos, mon- strocities, abnormally colored or shaped eggs. Will give cash or good exchange. J. WARREN JACOBS, Waynesburg, Pa. 101 OOLOGISTS WANTED:—Will pay 50cts. each cash for one of each June 1888, and April 1889, and will give an exchange notice, or cou- pon good for one, for copies of the January 1895 and April 1899 issue, a notice for each copy. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. WANTED:—Will pay cash or ‘‘swap’’ eggs of American Osprey and Hummingbirds (any species with nest). Two good skins of each the Am. Barn and Long-eared Owls, Rattle- snake Rattles, Eggs of Hammerhead Shark. Write what you have and what you want. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. I send you today some ads for your excellent. paper. I must say that ads in your paper al- Wave pay.—CHRIS P. FORGE, Carman, Mani- toba. HEAR YE! Hear Ye! Hear Ye! This is to certify that my advertisements in the OOLO- GIST have paid me better than have the com- bined ads. in most of the amateur and natural science papers. Ads. in the OOLOGIST always bring returns, and it is safe to say that there is no paper having three times the circulation of this widespread periodical which can give equal satisfaction. MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich PLATE HOLDER—Double, Camera Co., ($1.00), prepaid 34c. LATTIN, Albion N. Y. CODDINGTON MAGNIFIER(Miners’ glass), diameter %in, cost $1.50, prepaid 95cts. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. 544x578, Blair FRANK Hd. “SNAPS” for taxidermists.7in Stuffers,spring handle (1.25), 80c; Scissor-handle Stuffers, i2in. ($1.75), $1.05; Scissor-handle Stuffer, 15in, ($2.50) $1.60; Bone Cutters, extra fine and heavy,(82.50) $1.60; Forceps for Insects ($1.25) 78c; Botanical Collecting Can with shoulder strap, size 12x7% x37g in. ($1.50) $1.10; Tenaculum or Dissecting Hook, folding in handle ($1) 28ce. All prepaid at prices quoted, regular pricesin( ). FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. “T don’t know whether my ad. has reached its time limit yet or not, but stop it any way. My supply of exchange material was exhaust- ed some time ago and replies to the ad. still come in. F. P. DROWNE, 20 Benefit St.. Prov- idence, R. I. MAYNARD’S “Birds of Eastern North Amer- ica’’ Thiselaborate work was published about 25 years ago at $18.00 and contained 532 pages. I have three parts of this valuable work, each containing about 300 pages (over % of original) bound in tag-board covers. The Thrushes, Warblers, Starlings, Water Birds and Shore- birds are complete, will sell at only $3.00 per copy prepaid. Ialsohave3 copies each containing about 14 of original work at $1.00 per copy pre- paid. I have 10 of original hand-colored plates at $1.50 for lot. Sampe pages of work for stamp. Style of text see article of ‘‘Black Duck” in Dec.OOoLOGIST. FRANK H. LATTIN Albion, N. Y. THE OOLOGIST. 19 WANTED.—Buyer for mounted specimens in pairs of Peafowls, Pigeons, Pheasants, Loons, Wild Ducks, Squirrels, Blue Jays, one Golden Eagle, (fine) Owls. Hawks. All first-class. Make an offer. MISS LEAH BERKHEIMER, Imler, Bedford Co., Pa. ‘ COLLECTION 1,100 varieties foreign and American stamps. $10cash or half exchange. Thousands Columbians and common Ameri- eans. Approval sheets 25 per cent. discount ‘for cash. Several books—Trayel. Story and Historical. Eighty Oovocists, Stylographic Pen, Punch and Judy Whistles, Peachpit Mon- keys. Want Scientific and Biblical Books or cash. Let’s exchange lists anyhow. ARTHUR L. THORNE, Sonyea, Livingston Co.. New York. FOR SALE.—1 complete file of each Osprey and Natural Science News; 1 copy each Nov.. Dec. 1897, Jan. 1898, Osprey; Nidologist, Vols. 2 and 3 complete, Vol. 4,9 numbers, 1 copy each Sept. 1894, May, Sept., Oct. 2, Dec. 1895; Musewm Vol. 2 complete, 1 copy Apr. 1895,2 Dec. ‘95,3 Mar. 96, 1 Nov. ’96,1 Aug. 97; Oregon Natural- ist Vol. 2, Nos. 6 to 12 inclusive, Vol. 3 com- plete, 1 copy Feb. 1896; OoLoGIsT Vols 11, 12,13, 14, 15, 16 and 17 complete,1 copy each Mar.,Sep., Oct., Nov., Dec. 94, Aug.. Sept., Dec. °95, Feb. 96. Nov., Dec. ’97, Jan., Nov. ’98, Feb. 1900; Bul- letin Michigan Ornithological Club Vol 2 com- plete, Vol. 3, Nos. 1 and 2, Vol. 1, No. 2; Bulleten Cooper O. Club Vol. 1, Nos. 1 and 2; Popular Science News Vol. 30, Nos. 6 to 12 inclusive, 1 copy each Feb., Mar. 1897; Bird Lore Aug. 1899; 1 copy ‘‘Birds of Michigan.” L. B. GELMORE, Blooming Valley, Crawford Co., Pa. NATURALISTS ATTENTION !—Send postal for rock bottom prices on all kinds of natural- ists’ and collectors’ supplies. Can supply any thing in the line at right prices. Naturalists’ Supplies, 2102 Arch St., Phila , Pa. WANTED.—A No. 1 sets of 27, 29, 68, 133, 225 and 226 from the original collector. I will give exchange in sets or cash if reasonable. W. H. BINGAMAN, Box 151, Algona, Iowa. WANTED.—Am. sets withdata. Havemany Brit. sets. or will collect this season if wants and prices are stated early. J.GORDON, Corse- malzie, Whauphill, Wigtownshire, Scotland. FOR SALE.—The following for sale cheap: 443 1-4, 1-3 at 5c, 506 1-4 at 4c, 316 1-2 at 2c, 552 1-3 at 2c, 593 1-3 at 3c, 633 1-3, 1-4 at 5c, 703 1-4 at 2c. All eggs first-class, with datas. The above prices are per egg. ADOLF SHUTZE, 1611 Sabine St., Austin, Texas. : WANTED.—Back numbers of Osprey, Nid- ologist, Avifauna Bird Lore Condor Vols. 1 and 2, and many others. Send full list and ex- ehange price. I can offer in exchange eggs, skins. mounted birds and magazines and stamps. W. JENNINGS WIRT, Gaines, Or- leans Co., N. Y. FOR SALE.—Whippoorwill 1-2 $1.20, Swain- sons Hawk 3-3 55c, Gannet 1-1 20c, Fulmar 1-1 20c, Northern Phalarope 1-4 90c, Magnolia War- bler 1-475c. Prices are per set, prepaid. I will swap any of the above for sets of Am. Osprey or raw furs. JAS. O. JOHNSON, Southing- ton, Conn. WANTED.—One hundred yearly subscrtp tions to Recreation at 75 cents each. JAS. O. JOHNSON, Southington, Conn. FOR SALE.—The following first-class singles for sale cheap: 6 at 10c, 47 at 50c, 49 at 20c, 51 at 2)c, 5la at 20c. 58 at 20c. 54 at 20c. 58 at 20c, 59 at 35c. 63 at 20c. 69 at 10c, 70 at 10c, 71 at 10, 72 at 1l5c, 74 at 10c, 77 at 10c, 80 at 10c,120a at 25c,126 at 20c, 132 at 20c, 140 at 20c 142 at 30c, 146 at 35c, 160 at 20c, 188 at 35, 191 at 20c, 199 at 10c. 200 at 10c, 201 at 10c, 202 at 10c, 203 at 15c, 211 at 10c, 214 at 10c, 219 at 10c, 220 at 15c, 221 at 8c, 261 at 35c, 263 at 15c, 289b at 10c, 294 at 10c, 300 at 15c, 305 at 20c, 316 at 3c, 325 at 50c, 326 at 50c, 333 at 30c, 336 at 35c, 337 at 50c, 337b at 50c, 341 at 50c, 360 at 20c, 368a at $1, 373b at 40c, 378 at 15c, 385 at 25c, 387 at 10c, 390 at 20c, 394a at 50c, 412 at 5c, 413 at 10c, 406 at 8c, 443 at 10c, 444 at 3c, 447 at 5c, 452 at 10c, 458 at 15c, 461 at 10c, 477 at 5c, 481 at 20c, 493 at 10c, 495 at 8c, 495a at 10c. 497 at 3c, 498 at 3c, 506 at 6, 507 at 6c, 511 at 5c, 511b at 5c, 512 at 5c. 513 at 10c, 560 at 3C, 563 at 3c, 567b at 75c, 581 at 2c, 587 at 10c,593 at 5c, 594 at 35c, 601 at 10c, 604 at 5c, 610 at 25c, 611 at 10¢c, 612 at 5c, 613 at 5c, 622 at 5c, 622a at 5c, 624 at 10c, 627 at 15c, 630 at 81, 633 at 10c, 652 at 5c. 683 at 5c, 713 at 10c, 705 at 3c, 703 at 5c, 704 at 3c, 719 at 25c, 721a at 10c, 725 at 5c, 73la at 75, 735a at 50c,761 at 3c, 76la at 10c. 766 at 5c, 767 at 10c, 768 at 10c. The above mentioned prices are peregg. Any party sending me $2.50 may select to the amount of 84.50 from the above list. I have only a few eggs and of some only one of the above men-— tioned, as Iam closing out my collections of singles. All eggs are strictly first-class. Small orders also accepted. ADOLF SCHUTZE, 1611 Sabine St., Austin, Texas. 1T IS SPREADING LIKE WILD FIRE! What? The American Society of Curio Collectors. A NATIONAL SOCIETY for collectors of shells, fossils, minerals, Indian relics, war rel- ics, historical articles of all kinds, coins, med- als, antiquated paper money, autographs, bird’s eggs, mounted birds and animals, in- sects, flowers, marine and land curios of all kinds. Monthly Official Organ with large exchange department. Free Identification Bureau. \ Quarterly Bulletin for members only. Initiation fee, 10c. Yearly dues 25c. For Application Blank and further informa- tion address, ALLEN JESSE REYNOLDS, Sec’y, 2015 Grand Ave , Connersville, Ind. Mention Oologist. The Student’s Shell Collection. This Collection contains Forty Small Shells collected from all quarters of the Globe. all of which are numbered to correspond with a cat- alogue, which gives their proper, common and scientific names, with the locality where found. These shells when purchased individually and properly labelled would cost from 2 to 25 cents each. The following are the specimens found in this collection: Scorched Murex, Thorny-nosed Murex, Fish Basket, Gem Shell, Inflated Olive, Lettered Olive, Rice, Dove, Thunder Storm, Pelican’s Foot, Ringed Cowry, Snake-head Cowry, Money Cowry, Rye, Porcelain Rump, Boat, Worm, Brown Snail, Yellow Pea, Beaded Tower, Tow- er, Bloody Tooth, White Tooth, Zebra, Wheel. Venetian Snail, Key-hole Limpet, Many-lined Bulimuius, Hunch backed Partula, Black- mouthed Tree Snail, Banded Tree Snail, Little Agate, Silk Worm, Pea Nut, Banded Melam- pus, Indian Wampum, Angel Wing, Sun, Scal- lop and Jingle: Price $1.00. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. 20 THE OOLOGIST The Condor for rgo1. This popular Californian, illustrated maga- zine of ornithology begins its third volume with 1901, and its issues range from 24 to 32 pages in size. It controls the output of West- ern material, and prints the most interesting and valuable articles to be found in any ‘‘bird’’ journal. New features have been introduced for 1901, which will serve to make THE CON- DOR a leader! The March (1901) number is one of extreme interest, containing among other things a charming article on the nesting of the Golden Eagle by R. H. Beck, illustrated with three full page plates depicting nests in various rugged situations Mr. E. H. Skinner contributes a valuable and most interesting illustrated ar- ticle on the ne-ting habits of Giraud’s Fly- catcher in its Mexican home, and other inter- esting papers are presented by Joseph Grin- nell, A. W. Anthony, R. D. Lusk and other well known contributors. A copy of this valuable number will be sent for 20 cents in stamps. YEARLY SUBSCRIPTION, $1; VOL. IT CAN ALSO BE SUPPLIED AT $1. The Cooper Ornithological Club also offers for sale its new 80-page publication on ‘‘The Birds of the Kotzebue Sound Region, Alaska,” by that well-known writer, Joseph Grinnell. This will be sent on approval; price 75 cents, postpaid. Address all orders for sample copies. sub- scriptions or communications to C. BARLOW, Editor and Business Mer., Santa Clara, Cal. *©You might as well be out of the Bird World al- together as go without THE OSPREY.’’ THR OSPRBAKY:; An Illustrated Monthly Magazine of Popular Ornithology. Edited by Theodore Gill, in Co-op- eration with_Robert Ridgway, L. Stejneger, C. W. Richmond and Other Eminent Ornithologists. THE OspREY does not keep a poet, but it has an office cat who can catch more birds than all the poets put to- gether. If you don’t believe this, read ‘THE OsPREY. If you want to buy, sell or exchange specimens, advertise in THE OspREY. If you want to keep in with other Bird Men, subscribe for THE OsprREY. If you want to write about Birds, you can do it in THE OSPREY, provided you know how to write. If you like a beautifully printed and pro- fusely illustrated magazine, all about Birds you MUST HAVE THE OSPREY. TERMS—ONE DOLLAR A YEAR. Published by THE OSPREY COMPANRY, 321-323 4% St., Washington, D. C. Are You Interested In BIRDS’ EGGS? and singles. to please you. CLIMBERS? You need them now. Do you want a GOOD pair made of best material, made as they should be for tree climbing? 250 with 4 good straps, $1.65 without, and PREPAID. EGG DRILLS? I want you to at least try a sample of the Drills Iam now bringing to no- tice of collectors. They area delight especi- ally for small eggs. Sample 25c, 4 good sizes $1. Your money back if they do not please you after using. ‘‘They Cut the Lining’’ I have the regular oological drills, too, of best make. Set of Nos. 1, 2,3 and 4 $1.25. And don’t forget that Icarry anything you need. BLOWPIPES 40c, 20c, 12c. Ems. HOOKS 12c. BEST CALIPERS 85c. FORCEPS, SCISSORS. TRAYS, COTTON, DATA BLANKS 10c to $1. FisH BASKETS. Send for free lists. PENCILS? Do you want aGOOD PENCIL that will plainly mark the surface of the most glossy eggs? 10c, 3for 25c. Are youabusy man? Do you want a pencil with THICK, SOFT, TOUGH lead, one that it is a delight to use? Try these. BOOKS? Of EVERY DESCRIPTION. and especi- ally ‘‘Bird Books’ Send for Bulletin. Give me alist of wants. I can save you money. Would like to book you for Coues’ New Key. I guarantee my price to be right. PERIODICALS? I promptly enter subscrip- tions to any magazine or newspaper published in this or any other country. Lists and quota- tions on request. I want to secure at once strictly new sub- scriptions to The Condor. Youcan’t afford to miss this, the ideal Bird Magazine. Note club- bing offers for new subs. to Condor. Others may be new or renewals, except Recreation, which also must be a new subscription. Send for my lists of fine sets I guarantee my prices and eggs Condor and Recreation $1.35 Condor and Osprey...................-.-....----- ... 1.65 Condor and Oologist.......... 22.22... .-.22-...2-----0- 1.10 Condor and Photo Era. ............... .2.2..22......- 1.85 Condor and Camera...........-...... -.222.2.--e2--ee 1.55 Condor and Auk ....... secbace ah La Se eed 3.40 Condor and Birds and All Nature... ............ 185 Condor and Bird Lore......................-2..2-..-.--- 1 60 Condor and Cosmopolitan Magazine........... 1.55 Will quote on any combination or any others you may desire. BENJAMIN HOAG, Stephentown, New York. INDIAN BASKETS, Indian _ Beaded Buckskin Sioux Relics, ime Indian Photos, Indian Pottery, Indian Weapons. Elk Teeth,Mex- - ican Hand Carved Leather Goods, Mexican Drawn Linens, Shells, Minerals, Fos- sils. Ancient -tone Relics, Oregon Tiny Arrow- heads, Fossil Fishes, Fossil Leaves, Corals, Agate Jewelry. Curios. Wholesale and Retail. 16th year. Two-story building full. New cat., No. 10, 40 pages, finely illus., for 5c. L.W.STIL- WELL, Deadwood, S. Dak. and Magazine Publishing House of T= PAPER is printed at the Book A. M. EDDY, Albion, N. Y. THE OOLOGIST. VOL. XVIII. NO. 2. ALBION, N. Y., FEB., 1901. WHOLE No. 173 THE OOLOGIST. A Monthly Publication Devoted to OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. FRANK H. LATTIN, Editor and Publisher, ALBION, N. Y. Correspondence and items of interest to the student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited om all. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: Single subscription................50¢ per annum Sample COpieS.... .....0.eccee-cccsecsseeeedC CACK The above rates include payment of postage. Each subscriber is given a card good for a Want, Exchange or For Sale Notice. (This card is redeemable at any time within one year from date thereon.) ‘ Subscriptions can begin with any number. Back numbers of the OOLoGIst can be furnished at reasonable rates. Send stamp for descrip- tions and prices. B=" Remember that the publisher must be noti fled by letter when a subscriber wishes his paper stopped, and all arrearages must be paid. ADVERTISING RATES: 5 cents per nonpareil line each insertion. 12 lines in every inch. Seven inches in a col- umn, and two columns to the page. Nothing inserted for less than 25 cents. No ‘special rates,” 5 cents per line is ‘‘net,” “rock bottom,” ‘‘inside,” ‘‘spot cash” rate from which there is no deviation and no commission to agents. If you wish to use 5 lines or less space it will cost you 25 cents; 100 lines, $5.00; 1000 lines, $50.00. “Trade” (other than cash) advertise- ments will be accepted by special arrangement only and at ratesfrom double to five times cash rates. Due Bills and Cards payable in advertis- ing will be honored only at regular rates in force at the date of issuance of said bill or card. Remittances should be made by Draft, Express or Postoffice Money Order, Registered Letter or Postal Note. Unused U.S. Postage Stamps of any denomination will be accepted for sums un- der one dallar. Make Money Orders and Drafts payable and address all subscriptions and com- munications to FRANK H. LATTIN, Aibion, Orleans Co., N. Y. ENTERED’AT P. O., ALBION, N. Y. AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER. * The Birds of Michigan and Their Protection. Members of the Agassiz Ass’n:— I am requested to address you on the subject of bird protection, and gladly accept your kind invitation. For the purposes of the present discussion, birds may be divided into two classes: First, game birds; second, birds that are not considered game. By game birds I mean edible birds, the pursuit and taking of which affords sport for the gunner. There are several species of birds, however, that are edible and that never should be killed by sports_ men because of their beauty, or their quality as songsters, or their value to agriculture as insect eaters. The birds which may be properly classed as game birds, and which are found in your state are: Web-footed wild fowl, the Grouse family, the Sand pipers, the Plover family, the Snipe family, the Quail family, the Curlew family. The Wood Duck is usually classed as a game bird and is eagerly pursued by sportsmen, but as a matter of fact, it should never be killed. Within the past few years it has become exceed- ingly rare and is threataned with early extinction. Stillitis one of the most beautiful plumage birds on this conti- nent. Its economic value as an article of food is so small that it should never be hunted or shot at by any true sports- man. I hope to live to see the time when all states will have laws protect- ing the Wood Duck, for all time to come. In fact, all migratory water fowls are threatened with extermination and un- less all states and all Canadian proy- inces speedily enact and enforce pro- * A paper addressing Chapter 176 Detroit B., Agassiz Ass’n. 20a THE OOLOGIST tective laws, a dozen species of ducks will disappear from the continent with- in ten years. Under present conditions the Indians in the far North hunt the nests of the mother birds and destroy the eggs by thousands. Almost as soon as the young are hatched, and before they are able to fly, these savages pur- sue and kill them with clubs. A native will eat at a single meal, a dozen young wild geese, none of which are perhaps larger than his fist; while if they were let alone any one of them would make a good, square meal six months later. As soon as the young water fowls are able to fly they, with their parents start on their southern migration. When they cross the border into Mich- igan, Minnesota, N. Dakota, Montana, or Washington, an army of sportsmen asSa‘l them. As the winter season ad- vances, the birds move south and at every stopping point they encounter a new division of this army of shooters. Even when they reach their winter feeding grounds, about the Gulf of Mexico, they are still pursued and slaughtered. A still more savage enemy greets them at the International boundry. I refer now to the market hunters. These men move south with the birds, clear into the gulf states; camp with them all winter and then follow them north to the International boundry line again on the spring flight. A game dealer in Chicago, for in- stance, receives a shipment of wild geese and ducks from a market hunter in Minnesota or N. Dakota in August. In September he receives another shipment from the same man _ 100 miles farther south. He keeps on re- ceiving daily or weekly shipments from this Same man, clear down from the Mississippi Valley into Louisiana or Texas, all through the winter. Then the shipments begin to come from a point farther north and continue with unceasing irregularity through March, April and up into May, the last ship- ment coming again from N. Dakota or Minnesota. Is it a wonder therefore, that be- tween the warfare kept up by these sportsmen and their goril'a allies, the water fowl should st«adily decrease from yearto year? The wonder is that they have been able to withstand these terrific onslaughts so long. It is only because they are such prolitic breeders, and in spite of this they are doomed, under the existing circumstances. The remedy is for shorter open seasors. These should be limited to 30 days. Second: The season should open on the same day and close on the same day in all states within given parallels of latitude. For instance, in all states north of the 40th parallel the season should open Sept. ist and close Sept. 30th. In all states south «f the 40th degree, and north of the 35th degree, it should open Oct. ist, and close Oct. 31st. In all states on or south of the 35th parallel it should open Nov. 1st and close Dec. 31st. I wou'd accord the extra 30 days of open season to the Southern states because in some seasons the water fowl would not reach these states until late in November, or even in December. Third: All states should pass laws limiting the bag for any one shooter to ten ducks and three geese for any one day, and to fifty ducks or fifteen geese for any one year. Fourth: The sale of game of all kinds should be rigidly prohibited at all times. The broad principle should be established that game is and should be the property of the man who can go afield and killit. He should be per- mitted to give to his friends, to a reasonable extent, but not to sell tc any one. Fifth: A rigid and impartial enforce- ment of game laws everywhere and at all times. Much that has been said ss to the THE OOLOGIST. 23. protection of water fowls applies with equal force to all birds of the Grouse family, to Woodcock, Q1ail, and to the Snipe and Plover families. Laws shofild be made to open on all kinds of game on a given day and close on all kinds 30 days Jater, and the man found in the woods, in the fields, or on the waters with a gun, at any other time of the year, that fact should be considered prima facie evidence that he has violated a game law or is trying to do so, and he should be liable to a fine of not less than $10 on conviction. The following species are habitually pursued by many sportsmen, but are not game birds, and (with the exception of two species of Hawk) should never be killed: Hawks, Owls, Blackbirds, Gulls, Pelicans, Cranes, Loons, Ibises, Egreis, Cormorants, Bitterns, Herons, Doves, Exgles, Wocdoveckers, Robins, and Meadow larks. Much that has been said as to the protection of game birds appiies with equalforce to song and insectivorous birds Many of these are killed and eaten—not, [am glad to say, by real sportsmen, but in many cases by men who pose assuch. The greatest enem- ies of song, insectivorous ard plumage birds are the Italians and other for- eigners who live in the great cities. An army of these men go out of every great city every Sunday morning during at least eight months :f the year with cheap shotguns, and kill every bird they can find, no matter of what kind. Robins, Thrushes, Orioles, Tanagers, Blue Jays, Pewees, Song Sparrows, Blue-birds—all go into the Dago’s bag; then into the pot and from there into his rapacious maw. Many states have enacted laws pro- hibiting the killing of song birds at any time of year, but unfortunately such laws are not enforced as they should be The remedy for this lies in a greater number of game wardens and of more vigorous action on the part of all bird lovers. There should be at !east one in every county of this state, and if one could be provided to each township, so much the better. The minimum fine for killing a song bird or an insectivor- ous bird should be $25 Half of this should goto the game warden, and in ad- dition he should be paid a salary which would warrant him a comfortable living. Another great enemy of song birds, and especially those classed as plumage birds, is the market hunter. This man kills and skins the small birds for mil- linery purposes. He also kills thous- ands of pInmage birds, such as KEgrets aod Ibis and plucks afew plums from each and leaves the bird to rot In many cases he kills the mother bird and a brood of young are left on the nest to starve to death. All this in- famous traflic should be suppressed, as speedily as possible. All stat«s should prohibit the wearing of skins or plumage of birds on hats. A few of the states have already passed laws to prohibit the killing and selling of such birds for such purposes, but this does not cover the case. The way to remedy an evil is to strike at the root of it. Let us destroy the market for bird skins, and bird feathers, then the vandals who are slaughtering these birds finding their occupation gone, will have to g> at somethidg else. If they are too lezy to work, let them go to stealing horses and they will soon land in the penitentiary, where they should have been long ago. Let it be considered the duty and the privilege of every friend of bird pro- tection to condemn and decry, at every opportunity, the habit of certain wom- en of wearing bird skins or plumage on their hats: The only hope of saving from total extinction the many species of birds in this country, lies in the rap- id creation of a strong public sentiment against the millinery traffic in bird skins. This warning is not the result of im- 24 THE OOLOGIST. agination or of speculation. It is the result of a careful and thorough study of the subject extending over a period of 80 years. I have travelled over nearly every state and territory in the Union, and have personally seen the Praire Chicken and the Wild Turkey swept almost entirely from the great state of Illinois. I have seen the Ruffed Grouse and the Quail almost entirely wiped out of the state of New York, I have seen the Woodcock driven to the verge of exterminatian throughout allthe New England States. I have seen the Wild Pigeon swept from the whole United States and I have seen practically all species of birds reduced in numbers from 25 to 50 per cent. all over the continent. It was principally and primarily for the purpose of arresting this terrible slaughter that the League of American sportsmen was organized. Men, wom- en and boys are eligible to membership in this League and all such who are at all desirous of seeing the beautifal feathered creatures remain on earth, should join the League at once and aid us in saving them. G. O. SHIELDS, New York City. ~ Bird Music. (Concluded). We have no regular night singers in the Great Lake Region, sofaras I am able to learn, and in this respect Amer- ica does not equal England, which has several nocturnal songsters, one of which excels as a musician. The fa- mous English naturalist, Gilbert White, records three species which sing at night in the BritishIsles. They are the Reed Sparrow, which sings among the reeds and willows, the Woodlark, sing- ing in mid-air, andthe Nightingale, as Milton describes it,— “In shadiest covert hid.” There are several species of owls which roll forth or screech out their notes at night, and also numerous shore birds and water-fowl that issue their varied calls, and, especially these lat- ter are partial to night travel, spring and autumn. Then too our Whippoor- will confines his singular but monot- onous jargon to the hours of darkness, while the scream of the Nighthawk more often breaks on the ear between the setting and rising of the sun. But these birds are not. strictly speaking, songsters, although their notes un- doubtedly fill their requirements as to harmony and expression. The plain, domestic little Chipping Sparrow sometimes favors us with its simple chatter in the darkest night. The notes hardly deserve the name of song, but heard issuing from the sur- rounding gloom, the simple refrain commands our attention from its oddity at the unusual hour. The Wood Pewee not rarely quavers forth its plaintive offering, sounding in the depth of night like a wail from a departed spirit. This favorite songster is a remarkably early riser, as he 1s also late in going to rest, and I have sometimes thought that his musical efforts at night were the result of an error on his part—an idea strengthened by the fact that the notes are rarely heard more than once or twice during the night, and more- over the song is only occasional, and only in the nesting season. Other species which are heard to burst forth in ecstatic melody, are the Swainson’s and Hermit thrushes. If l could describe the songs of birds, so that other bird-lovers could understand them as I do, I would feel that a partial acknowledgement had been made to the divine melody issuing from these bird’s throats. The Cuckoo also sings at night, or at least bubbles out its peculiar empha- sised jargon, and which is called asong out of courtesy rather than from any real merit. Both species, the Black- THE OOLOGIST 25 billed and Yellow-billed cuckoos favor us, but the former is more abundant. Wevften hear that the best singers are the ones of plainest dress, but this is assuredly not soin.all instances. If one is permitted to listen to the sweet refrain of the Scarlet Tanager in the night, it will be acknowledged that the brilliant coat of the songster does not compare in point of excellence to the owner's divine song. These birds are the only ones at the north that I am acquainted with that sing during the hours of darkness, and not o'e of them is a regular singer in the night. Information has reached me from no less an authority than Mr. Robert Ridgway of Washington, to the effect that the Yellow-breasted Chat is a performer in darkness. Amosg birds, the females do not sing, and although many species have musical call-notes and agreeable tones in conversation, which are shared in by both sexes still the true song is only rendered by the male bird. I am sin- cere in saying that the lady bird talks more than her mate about the house, but I will admit that when away from home she is very discreet in this re- spect. In attending to her duties of incubation she is very quiet, and it is seldom thata note is heard from her while on the nest. It has been said that all birds are silent when incuba- ting, so as to avoid observation, though most species are quiet when setting, there are a few whieh chirp loudly when so engaged, and some even burst into exuberant song. Few observers are aware how assid- ous are the attentions of the two birds to one another during incubation, and the credit which is due to the father- bird in his devotion in covering the eggs in his mate’s absence is not allow- ed him. Of course, when a bird is heard sing- ing on the nest we know that the notes come from the male, but many young observers are inclined to attribute it to the female. Another source of error in failing to identify the sex occurs with those species in which the male assumes the plumage of the female un- til the second or third year: The Chipping Sparrow sometimes sings his chattering refrain while upon the eggs. Yellow Warblers are not rarely heard singing from the nest, but one has to wait patiently in a neigh- boring copse, at the proper season, in order to see, hear and be convinced. I have once heard the Maryland Yel- low-throat’s song from its concealed nest in the grass;in fact I found the nest,from hearing the peculiar notes, almost at my feet. Several times the song of the House Wren has reached me, coming from the cavity where the old bird was setiing solacing himself in his cavernous nesting spot. Once, each, I have heard the notes of the Black-billed Cuckoo, Scarlet Tan- ager, Orchard Oriole, Goldfipch, Rose- breasted Grosbeak, and the Hermit Thrush, the latter the only thrush whose song has positively reached me from the nest. One would think that the Brown Thrush, Catbird, and Robin, as great singers, would burst forth on the nest, but it must be bornein mind that these thrushes prefer higher perch- es for singing, while the Hermitis a ground nester and often sings on the ground. But of all the species which are musi- cal while setting, the Warbling Vireo heads the list, both for persistence and for beauty of song, according to my note-book. Anyone can listen to the song of the Warbling Vireo on the nest if the trouble is taken to finda nest with eggs in Mayor June. For when the mate takes his trick keeping the eggs warm, hecheers himself, and en- livens the surroundings by pouring forth his rippling, inspiring melodious warble. I have heard him sing from the nest in early morning; in the hot- 26 THE OOLOGIS1T test part of the day, and in the early twilight, and I have heard him issue as many as twenty bursts of song during one spell on the nest, and have discovered the nest on more than one cccasion by the sweetly modu- lated tell-tale song. These species are all the birds I have found to sing while on the nest. Morris GIBgBs, Kalamaz», Mich. Field Notes from Manitoba. While reading the articles in the Jan. 1901 OdLoeist I noticed an article on the use of old nests, which suggested to me, adding afew notes on my experi- ence regarding the use of old nests by Hawks and Owls. Before I became a resident of this glorious western continent, from my early boyhood days, I could find no greater enjoyment than a ramble in the woods, Janes and fields of old England, and I found many a set of Sparrow Hawk, Kestrel and one each of the Mer- lin, Hobby and Long-eared Owl. All these gala days are as fresh in my mem- ory as if they had happened but a week or so ago, and I well remember with what joy I returned home with my first set of four beautiful Sparrow Hawk’s eggs taken from a nest in a larch (tam- arac) wood. How long I watched that nest. Five weeks elapsed from the time I found it untill finally brought home the set of four eggs. The nest was built by the birds themselves and was a large flat structure of larch twigs in a shallow depression of which lay the prettiest set of Sparrow Hawk’s eggs I ever was fortunate enough to find. Many a set of Sparrow Hawk’s eggs I took after that but I never got another set one-half so handsome. Again, quite fresh in my memory is the chalk quarry in Lincolnshire where I flushed a Merlin from her nest on my return home from a day’s collecting, and how on the following evening with my brother and an odlogical friend and a Wagon rope I came back determined to add to my collection a new species of eggs. The rope. made fast to a stake well driven in the ground I deseended and there in a slight depression on a ledge in the chalk cliff resting on a bed of a few blades of withered grass I es- pied a lovely set of five Merlin eggs. On another fine May day I visited a larch weod at a distance from home, and in a tall pine from the very top I tock from a Crow’s nest I had robbed but two weeks previously a handsome set of Hobby’s eggs and in descending unfortunately broke one of them. But it it about the nests of our own Manitoba that I intended to write so must forget for the present these pleas ant memories of boyhood days. It was on the 15th day of June, 1887 that my residence in the great West commenc- ed, and I at once began to investigate, although only in the last two years have I been able to make a specialty of odlogical rerearch. The first nest of the Red-tail I found was found that summer. It was the 1st of July and three well fledged young birds were its occupants. he nest was ina small oak 25 ft. up in a main fork of the tree but I could not tell if it was new or old as it had been occupied so long. The next nest of tais species I examiced was in a lone thorn tree way out in the boundless prairie miles from any bush on the side of a creek where the birds lived royally on the marsh birds that abounded on the creek and in the neighboring swamp. This nest also contained three well fledged young, and was used year after year for four years to my certain knowledge. This was from 1880 to 1894, the last time I was at the place. I intend to visit this place the coming spring to see if the Hawks are still breeding there. In the spring of 1893 I went fora ramble in the woods west of Carman. THE OOLOGIST. : OF It was the ist of May, and in an old Red-tail’s nest on an overhanging limb of a large oak tree near a shallow creek I found a family of Western Great Horned Owls. There were three of them and I took them all. All were different in size; I kept them for two months and got some very interesting notes regarding them. I then gave them their liberty. On the 15th of May the same year I took three Red-tail’s eggs from this nest. It had been slight- ly repaired and a few green leaves add- ed. But I must pass on to the past season and describe some of the takes noted down during the months of April, May and June. My first find was on April 6th (this is very early here) in heavy oak bush at Salterville amongst scattered trees. On the outside of the bush I located a nest of Krider’s Hawk. This was an oid nest and has been used for three suc- cessive years. On April 2d I had taken two Western Great Horned Owl’s eggs from this nest. The nest was repaired and a lining of bark, grass and leaves added. It was between 35 and 40 feet up in oak tree on side branch ona large flat fork. On May 4th, in light oak and poplar bush on side of Boyne river three and one-half miles east of Carman, return- ing from a collecting trip I found a Red-tail’s nest in a large oak. This was on side branch, hard to reach, but I got to it after some hard work and took therefrom three handsome eggs The nest was quite new, large, of sticks and twigs, lined with bark, leaves and grass, and was placed about 30 feet up. On the same date I got another set of three Red-tail’s eggs. The nest was in a small poplar tree in a poplar bluff only 18 feet high. The nest was the largest: I have ever seen. It measured 3 feet in height and 23 across, was a mass of large and small sticks and twigs of poplar and willow and was built on top of an old Crow’s nest. The depression was 9 in. in diameter and quite shallow and svarsely lined with bark, leaves and stubble. I could see this nest from either north or south ata distance of over two miles. On May 6th [ took another set of three. Nest in a tall oak 30 ft. up in main fork, medium size, built of sticks and.twigs and lined with bark and grass. This nest was new and although there were old nests in the immediate vicinity of this new one the birds seem- ed to prefer to construct their own. Next date, May 7th, west of Carman I got another set ofthree. This nest was in an oak, one of aclump of three in poplar woods. Nest was about 30 feet up in a fork on trunk and was new, was built like others of sticks and twigs and lined with grass and bark shreds. The eggs were nicely marked. On May 12th a set of two eggs was taken from a poplar 25 ft. up in heavy poplar woods northwest of Carman. This nest was situated 25 ft. up, close to trunk, made of poplar and willow sticks and lined with grass and bark, was of medium size and new In this case there were several old nests handy but the birds seemed to prefer to make a new structure. I see I have missed one nest, date May 9th. This Red-tail’s nest was in a tall oak tree 40 ft. up, the tree being in and oak grove and situated on bank of ravine which seems to be a favorite lo- cation, placed in a fork near top of tree on trunk, was a large coarse structure of sticks and twigs, lined with bark, leaves and grass and contained three eggs, This also was a new nest. A second set of two eggs taken on May 12th was taken trom a large and conspicuous nest in a poplar tree 20 ft. from ground, the nest composed of sticks and twigs, was lined with poplar bark and a little dried grass and was of this season’s construction like one previously mentioned. There were a 28 - THE OOLOGIST. number of old nests in the immediate vicinity of this nest which the birds might have used. A third set of Krider’s, two eggs, tak- en May 12th was taken in the same lo- eality, locally known as ‘‘the poplars,” a large tract of wooded country, cover- ed. with willow scrub and poplar trees. This nest was in a poplar tree 25 ft. up in main fork, nest of medium size, of sticks, lined with leaves and grass with few strips of poplar bark and wasa nest of the year, evidently built by the birds themselves. through this district, but I found none of them occupied. On the 14th of May I again visited this district and took a set of two Red- tail’s eggs. This nest was placed ina tall dead popiar about half burned through at the bottom and I was afraid to climb it at first. However I made up my mind to try it when the female left the nest at my near approach, as | knew there was something to get, and succeeded in reaching the nest and re- turned to terra firma without mishap. The wind was strong and cold and from the north and acold rain made this a very unpleasant task. This was the second largest nest of the season and was built on the top of an old one. The nest projected so far out around the fork in which it was placed that I had trouble in reaching over it and was 30 ft. high. ‘The nest was composed of large and small poplar sticks, many of them being charred by the fire that had passed through in the fall. The nest was lined with poplar bark, grass and a few green leaves. The nest was quite close to the railway track. On this day I took another set of two while going home, from dead poplar, 28 ft. up This nest was also large but not as large as the other, of sticks of poplar, lined with bark shreds and leaves. A few feathers also were used but I think these are accidental. This also was a nest of the season. Old nests abound all - May 16th visited Jickling’s marsh which lies in the poplar belt. I took from a large nest in a poplar tree 35 ft. up in main fork, a set of two eggs. - These were small, the smallest measur- ing 2.20x1.65 and were well marked. This nest was new, although situated quite close to nests built the previous year, was like the rest, of sticks, mostly poplar, and lined with bark shreds and roots, grass and leaves. On May 17th a set of two eggs re- warded my search. These were Red- tails, the nest in a poplar tree 25 ft. up, of sticks and twigs, lined with grass and fine roots. was of large size and new. A second nest found the same day contained a set of three eggs, was in a tall and spreading Balm of Gilead tree, 25 ft. up, in main fork, was large and new, composed as were all the oth- ers found in this bush, Of poplar sticks, lined with bark, grass and leaves. As I watched the old Red-tails circling above I glanced around the neighbor ing treetops and counted five more nests within my view. I took my set to the buggy and visited each of the five nests inturn. They ail proved to be old nests in different stages of dilap- idation, from which I should judge that this pair of birds had bred here for a few years and had used all the nests in turn. Another set of three eggs taken the same date from a nest in a poplar tree 20 ft. up, was also a new nest and built of sticks and twigs, lined with roots, stubble and leaves. On May 19th I took two sets of Red- tail of three eggs each, both from pop- lar trees. These nests were both new and were within a short distance of old nests evidently used in previous years. Just two more nests I will mention and then I will end my paper. (To be continued.) Curis. P. ForGE, Carman, Manitoba. THE OOLOGIST. 29 i y ee : : ae gen Se hee le el Since the First aaa ROCHESTER LAMP was made there have been many “like” or “‘as good as” it placed upon the market. Some were even said to be “‘improvements”’ on it. One by one they fall by the wayside, for experience proves that there is only one lamp thatis really better, and we make that, too, THE NEW ROCHESTER In it we embody all that is really worth having in a lamp, both as to quality and style. Don’t forget, every genuine : New Rochester has the name on the lamp. Ba We can fillevery lamp want. No matter whether you want a new lamp or stove, an old one repaired or refinished, a vase 4 mounted or other make of lamp transformed into a NEW ; ROCHESTER, we can doit. Let us send you literature on pa a al the subject. So ROCHESTER, . THE ROCHESTER LAMP CO. ,°ond3s Basctay st, NEW YORK. MENS] PENIKESE : A reminiscent sketch of Agassiz eae famous Summer School. a= A 96-page book of much interest to Sz ZN \ students of Nature. = Read what others say: Lae ‘‘Have found it extremely interesting read- hats : J. ing,’’—HENRY PRIME, Garden City, L. I, be <7 HG “T enjoyed the book [PENIKESE] very much.” ’ La —W. W. KINSLEY (Supt. of Schools) Grand Ledge, Mich. All Stevens Rifles are { “Tt is both instructive and entertaining and guaranteed to be deserves a place in the library of every student SA FE, SOLID, of nature.”—W. D. LYNN, Canfield, O. : H “T have just finished reading ‘PENIKESE’ and ACCURATE. } can say that I have enjoyed it exceedingly. The tineue / Anything looking toward keeping green the eraieacite Sea memory of the great Agassiz should be of in- rifles for tarzet and hunting | terest to the teacher of biology and no period purposes, light pocket rifles of his life is more interesting than the years with skeleton stocks. spent in building up the laboratory on Lent BG ’ kese.’”’—W. P. HAy (Prof. Biology, HighSchoo The FAVORITE’ Washington, D. C. aes aa on “T have read the book [PENIKESE]| with great Ea § eS interest and think it an admirable remini- P scence of one of the greatest naturalists of the nineteenth century. The name of Agassiz is assuredly treasured by all true lovers of na- \ ; ture and his methods of study have lefta strik- Ce are covered by the same guarantee. The i0g impress on present-day workers.’’—(Rev.) ¢ best in the world for boys. Just as reliable ROBERT BLIGHT, Green Lane, Pa. and advisable for men. No. 17—with Plain Open Sights....a6.00 Price only 25c (reduced from 38c). No. 18—with Target Sights.......... 8.50 “d Where these rifles are not carried in stock by dealers we Prepaid. will send, ee prees prepaid, on receipt of price. end stamp for catalogue. 2. pe Se eam oreatatnmes a FRANK H. LATTIN, Pub’r, Box 9198 - - Chicopee Falls, Mass. Albion. N. Y 9 e e 30 THE OOLOGIST. Book List. A few of the Second-hand Volumes For Sale at the Naturalist’s Book Shop, 2102 Market St., Philadelphia, Pa. Prices do not include the carriage. Cours: Key to N.(A) Birdsrs7ger 6.) 5 i Se) ey et eae $4 00 TRUMBULL.—Names and Portraits of Birds, 1888. eee) 25 ST. JoHn.—Audubon the Naturalist of the New World, 1856. = a 75 BEcHSTEIN.—Cage and Chamber-Birds, 1872 ........ orn: eo Coves.—Birds of the Northwest, 1874.. a BA itty =() STRICKLAND. —Ornithological Spacnmie, Accipitres, 1855... Uae 65 Montacu.—Onrnithological Dictionary, ae «eae ie io dake tees See eee eee I 50 Howitr.—Birds and Their Nests... JO DAT Bie se BatLey.—Our Own Birds of U. S., 1869... Presets a EO ApcAr:=—Pocket Key of Birdsii8o93"). .... 223 Sa eee eee 25 The Book of Birds, 16 plates, 1851.. ; sae 25 ScHLEY.—American Partridge and Pheasant Shooting, 1877. : 50 Harninc.—Hints onyShore’Shooting, 1871... 5. 2c). 1 SENECA.—611 Hints and Points for Sportsmen, 1889. AA Hc. 5B. 5% 50 HartLey.—Hunting Sports of the West, ee 2h «arenas 50 Gisson.—Complete American ag uae meee sO MILLER.—Cats and Dogs, 1869.. ey Oe Me contin 30) SO Vors.—Bibelots and Curios, 1879 . PAO AM is oe os 15 TrENNEY.— Manual of Zoology, illus. . sae Seine e's (ote) See aameIS) Pacific R. R. Survey, 13 vols., binding not uniform OR a Sic 7) AO Special Bargains in Shells and Fossils. UNIONIDA.—One hundred and thirty-four (134) species (American) 450 speci- mens. All fresh live specimens. Worth at regular prices fully $100. Will send the entire collection prepaid for only $28.40. RARE OLD SILVER COINS of Great Britain.—A collection of 50 pieces from the reign of Henry II (1154) to that of Victoria. The collection contains coins minted during the reigns of twenty-two (22) ot Great Britain’s monarchs. The collection lists about $55 00, will sell as a whole for $22.50 prepaid. FOSSIL COLLECTION. A specially selected collection of Fossils for school used to I sell at $100. One hundred (100) species and about 500 specimens ranging in value from 5c. to $1.00 each. A very select and very valuable collection and is largely composed of Fossil Corals, all carefully labeled and prepared, and well worth $100. My price $33.50 prepaid. I have another collection similar to above put up to sell at $50.00, 100 species and about 200 specimens which I will send prepaid for only $15.7 AN EGYPTIAN IDOL, carved from stone or lava 1000 or more years ago, rep- resents an elephant or some other animal, measures about 4x24 in. Secured by a missionary acquaintance from a mummy pit in Egypt and guaranteed genuine. Prepaid only $3.15. SPANISH CROSS inlaid with straw from an ancient church in Jemez, New Mex. Curio dealers would ask $5.00 for it, but it’s yours prepaid for $1 G5. Address FRANK H. LATTIN, Publisher, Albion, N. Y. THE OOLOGIST. 3l $5.00 for only 50 cents. For 1901 Subscribers of THE OOLOGIST only. While “taking inventory” we found many items in very large quantitiss—enough to last the ordinary Curio Dealer a Jife-time and in such quantities that we cannot job them off to dealers ex- cept at a sacrifice—and rather than give dealers the benefit of the same We prefer and have con- cluded to give this benefit to the 1901 subscribers of the OOLOGIST. Those who have paid their sub- scription to the OOLoGIST for 1901 or who remit for Same when accepting this ‘°$5.00 for 50cts” offer —we will send by express at their expense (we can send prepaid for 2dcts.) all of the specimens and books listed below for ONLY 50Cts. 1. Chinese Horn Nut, China.......-....... -..... $ 05 15. Two Tarpon Scales, Florida ................. 05 2. Egg of Skate or Sand Shark, Martha’s 16. Fossil Polyp Coral, New York ........ -.... 15 RWANIO Vi aT Oe ee eee eee Saco ye 05 17. ‘‘HKlectric Stone,’’ a var of Tremolite 3. Clay Police Whistle, Mexico ..-............... 10 emitting flashes of light when 4. Black-Mouth Tree Snail, Pavillion Key, scratched with any hard substance, A ay et = gees OSB) (sd CE ee ee ae 25 ING Wa ViOF eta pate tener Se ye ae aa () 5. Purple-spined Sea Urchin, Gulf of Mex- 18, Precious Coral, polished twigs, Med- TCTO) Se a RS Sa ee 25 IDEELANCAN SCA ves eee ee 15 6. Organ pipe Coral, Singapore ....... -. ... 25 19. Banded Murex Shell, Med. Sea Saeed U3 7. Orange Scorpion Shell, Polynesia......... 25 20. Money Cowry Shell. Hawaii................. 10 8. Resurrection Plant, Mexico ........ ........ 15 21. Cone-in-Cone, Chautauqua. Co.,N. Y.... 15 9. One-half dozen Alligator Teeth, Indian 22. An Hxchange Notice Coupon .............. - 20 IEGIViOT ey are aN eel weer A) Ue 25 23. Lattin’s‘‘Catalogue of N. A.BirdsEggs” 15 10. Four Gem Stones (Red Agate, Black 24. Short’s ‘Birds of Western New York.” 1 Onyx, Crocidolite and Sardonyx In- 25. Tassin’s ‘Directions for Collecting taglio) cut and polished............ ........ 40 MGIC ran Sine ees SON eee sei DL gael a 05 11. Compass or Sunfiower Starfish, Chili... 35 26. A copy of ‘‘Penikese’’._.... Seis Ve Bibed 35 12. Fossil Scaphites u(Nautilus Family) 27. Five assorted Bird, Animaland Flower Mon tanawee sic coe el 25 Pictures, my selection, size 6x8 in., 13. Goldmouth Shell, Philippines oop | beautifully colored, true to nature... 30 14. Fossil Shark Tooth, Virginia .............. 10 — a $5 00 No changes or alterations of any kind can be made in this offer—you either accept or not as you may elect. The offer is no fake nor catch penny scheme but is made as stated and in good faith in order that many may share in the benefit which would otherwise fall to a few, and inci- dentally to“increase the OoLOGIST’S subscrition list. This premium offer cannot be duplicated for double what it costs the 1901 subscribers to the OOLOGIST by any dealer in America—the publish- er of the OOLOGIST included—after present supply is exhausted. REMEMBER. ist. That if your subscription to the OoLOGIST is already paid through 1901 you get the entire lot of specimens, etc , offered above for only 50cts. But if you wish them sent prepaid you must send 25cts additional or 7dcts. in all. 2d. If you have not subscribed for the OOLOGIST for 19)l and wish t> accept this offer you must send 50cts. for OOLOGIST with coupon for 1901 and 50cts. for this offer or $1.00 and if you want the lot sent prepaid add 25cts. more or $1.25 in all. 3d. This offer is made in connection with a subscription of the OOLOGIST only. The paper and premium can be sent to the same or different addresses as desired. In case you wish the pre- mia Without the OOLOGIST or wish to secure a second premium the price will be $1.00 or $1.25 if sent prepaid. Remit in most Convenient manner. Address plainly and in full. FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. \ AMES P. BABBITT, Buy a Postal Card, J Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Write your name and address on back Taxidermists’ Supplies, Bird and mail to me. Skins, Eggs & Publications. YOU WILL RECEIVE Fine Imported Glass Eyes a Specialty. Illustrated Catalogue and large monthly bulle- tin of bargains in Birds Skins and Eggs free upon New Lists of Birds Eggs, Minerals, In- application. dian Relics and all Naturalist’s TAUNTON, MASS. Supplies. Ready to mail. i Address, ERNEST H. SHORT, COLLECTOR’S TOOL. A POCKET INSTRUMENT FOR TREE COLLECTING. SAVES EGGS,DANGER,TIME. Send Stamp for Circular. (175) (Formerly Albion, N. Y.) J. Rowland Nowell, Portman, S. C. Box 173 ROCHESTER, N. Y. 32 THE OOLOGIST. American Ornithology. THE BEST ILLUSTRATED BIRD MAGAZINE EVER PUBLISHED. = VEEN Cs It gives the LIFE HISTORIES and FINE ILLUSTRATIONS of 4 or 5 N. A. BIRDS every month. The egg of each is shown FULL SIZE. It also contains short, interesting stories about birds. ONLY 50 CTS. A YEAR. SAMPLE COPY FREE. i cM S. CHAS. K. REED, SUBS SCRIBE NOW. Sta. A, WORCESTER, MASS. Pronounced by Experts the Standard of the World. Ask your dealer for WINCHESTER make of Gun or Ammunition and take no other. FREE :--Our new lilustrated Catalogue. ED NCHEStEe REPEATING ARMS co., New Haven, Ct. THE OOLOGIST. A MONTHLY PUBLICATION DEVOTED TO OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. VOL. XVIII. NO. 8. ALBION, N. Y., MARCH, 1901. WHOLE No. 174 Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. Brief special announcements, “Wants,’ ‘Exchanges r 25 words. Notices over 25 words, charged at the rate of one-half cent per each additional tor 25¢ ”” «Kor Sales,” inserted in this department word. Nonotice inserted for less than 25c. Terms, cash with order. Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-third list rates. IMPORTANT. . This, March, Odlogist was not issued until April 1st. The April issue will be printed on April 15th. Copy intended for that issue must be forwarded by return mail. Index to Vol. XVII (1900) of the Odlogist will be printed in the April issue. What’s Your Number? Examine the number following your name on the wrapper of this month’s OOLOGIsT. It denotes when your subscription expired or will expire. No. ai your subscription expires with this issue “ Apr., 1901 180 ce ce oe «é Sept., be 184 ot be ‘a3 ace Dec., Ww Intermediate numbers can easily be deter- Imined. If we have you credited wrong we wish to rectify. “My ads. in the OOLOGIST always pay me be- youd my expectations.” A. EK. PRICE, Grant ark, Ills. ‘‘Since my ad. appeared in February number ef OOLOGIST I have received letters from all over the country and I could sell or exchange 100 ssts if I had them.” JOHN D. CURRIE, Minn. i #3 WILL BUY 137 varieties of foreign and native woods, or will exchange for woods not in my collection. LOUIS . HAHN, Lake Ave., Silver Creek, Chautauqua Co., N. Y. 1901 VEDETT BIKE (made by Pope M’f’ Co.) model 29, new, frame 22, gear 81. $17 cas and 82 in eggs at list buysit. BENJAMIN HOAG, Stephentown, New York. Winnebago City, Minn. WANTED:—Ai sets Nos. 83, 172, 192, 193, 206, 210, 228, 258a, 261, 286, 301, 302, 310. 478, 486, 618, 701. Can offer good sets, Belgian Hares, Abys- sinian and English Cavies, Fancy Pigeons and ae Games. ALMON E. KIBBE, Maywils, WANTED:—Sets of 58. 64, 76, 137, 189, 261, 273, 337, 339, 373, 387, 388, 290, 393, 394. 501- 611. 614 and others. especially 218, 280, 334, 364. Exchange or cash. All answered. A. E. PRICH, Grant Park, Ills. 177 WANTED:—‘Bird Nesting in Northwest Canada’’ by W. Raine. Must be in good con- dition and complete. Name lowest cash price. RUSSELL T. CONGDON, Ripon, Wis. WANTED:—Columbian half dollars. copper cents and half cents. Give good exchange in Eggs, Coins, Curios and Minerals. ROY H. BULLIS, Winnebago City, Minn. “T think the OOLOGIST is the finest advertis- ing medium in existence.””’ ROY H. BULLIS, ARROW HEADS and almost a full line of U. S. cents to exchange for eggs in sets or U.S. stamps, also one 4x5 Vive magazine camera. J.B. NEWTON, Unionville, Conn. TO EXCHANGE:—A %5.00 Winchester rifle ~ almost new, and a $12.00 Mandolin, book of in- _ structions, extaa strings. etc., fora camera of equal value. A. R. BEYMER, Omer, Colo. COLLECTORS !—My Egg Powder will re- move dirt and nest stains from your eggs with- out injury. % pound 50 cents; 1 pound for 82.50 worth of sets. Send list. ROY. H. BULLIS, Winnebago City, Minn. FOR SALE AND EXCHANGE:—Live birds fine large Snowy Owls, Cooper’s Hawk, all in fine plumage. Make me an offer for them. AlI- so black cocker pup, good pedigree, birds’ eggs Al) full data, A. O. U. 6, 183 and many others. end list and recelye mine. THOS. E. BURT, Port Hope, Canada. ~ 34 THE OOLOGIST. “T take numbers of ornithological and oolo- gical journals, but whenever I wish to buy or sell anything [ turn to the want columns of the OoLooist.’”’”’ HARRY H. DUNN, Fullerton, Calif. : FOR EXCHANGE:—1 set of boxing gloves, 1 French microscope, cost $15 00; back numbers of OOLOGIST Eggs in sets wanted. Send list ROY H. BULLIS, Winnebago City, Minn. FOR SALE:—Combination Egg Set, consist- ing of an engrayed handle fitied with three sizes drills, three sizes hooks with blowpipe, in pocket case. Never been used, ¢.75. MACH. BURROUGHS, 401 C St., Brunswick, Ga. COLUMBIA CHAINLESS BICYCLE, 1901 model. new, 22 or 24 frame, gear 82 or 74. $50 cash and $50 in eggs at list rates takes one. BENJAMIN HOAG, Stephentown, New York. “The one exchange notice I had in THE OOLO- GIst last year was so successful that it kept me busy all the year with exchanges.” J. GORDON, Wigtownshire, Scotland. SETS of Chestnut backed Chickadee 1-7, Ore- gon Vesper Sparrow 1-6, Cooper's Tanager 1-4, Mangrove Cuckoo 1-4, Arizona Goldfinch 1-5, Lawrence’s Goldfinch 1-4, Western Goldfinch 1-4, Brewer’s Sparrow 1-4, Audubon’s Warbler 1-4, Mexican Goldfinch 1-5, Florida Grackle, 1 5, Gilded Flicker 1-5, Florida Blue Jay, 1-5, Flor- ida Burrowing Owl 1-6,in exchange for books in good condition or cheap for cash. H. S. WARREN, 149 Gladstone Ave., Detroit Mich. FOR SALE:—A fine one year old Bird Dog. has been trained for Quails and Grouse and a beauty too. Will sell for $5.00 cash. Freight or express must be paid by purchaser. Address BANS ANDERSON, Box 13, Cushing, Howard o., Neb. TO EXCHANGE:—Fine eggs in sets with data for cash. Complete file of ‘‘The Osprey” for $5.50. Will give cash or exchange for cer- tain fossils. HARTLEY H. T. JACKSON, Box 87, Milton, Wis. SOME OF THOSE rare sets of Pigmy Owls, Pacific Horned Owls, Belding’s Jay, Pasadena Thrasher and Cassin’s Kingbird to exchange for Coues’ Key, Ridgway’s Manual or other or- nithological books. Will also sell a limited number for cash or trade for sets of Raptores. HARRY H. DUNN, Fullerton, Calif. WANTED:— Mounted specimens or skins of smaller land birds. State condition and price prepaid, W. P. PARKER, 8 Midland St.. Wor- cester, Mass. SPRING SNAPS!—One fine White Pelican skin $4.00; choice fresh Snowy Owl skins. $2.50, $3.50: fresh Great Horned Owl skins, $1.75 each; fine Wolf skins for rugs with heads, skulls, legs and claws complete, $2.50 each. Mounted birds! Sharp-tailed Grouse, $2.50; Ruffed Grouse, $2.00; Prairie Hens, $2.25; Pine Gros- beaks, 60c.; pair N. Hairy Woodpeckers, $1.50, on stump; Spruce Grouse, $2.25; A. Bittern, $1.50; almost white Snowy Owl, $10.00; a quan- tity of Elk teeth, 86.09 per dozen. All Al speci- mens prepared at prices quoted. Scalps and heads of Moose and Elk for sale. Buffalo horns polished at 50c. to $1 00a pair, matched pairs. Order from 'CHRIS. P. FORGE, Taxidermist and Collector, Carman, Manitoba. SPECIAL CLIPPER BIKE rode about 2 months, perfect shape, Palmer tires, gear 78, frame 24 $15 cash and 815 in eggs takes it. BENJAMIN HOAG, Stephentown, New York. EGG TRAYS FOR SALE or exchange for sets with data; Trays in six sizes, any desired color. Prices on application, discount on large orders. Samples 10 cents M.S. CONWAY, 584 6th Ave , Lansingburg, N. Y. FOR SALE:—Fancy and common Geodes, ranging in price from 25c. to $5.00; halfs from: 10e to 50c. Special rates to colleges ard mu- seums. H. K. MCLELLAN, Hamilton, Han- cock Co., Illinois. 179: PRBLICATIONS WANTED:—Cash or ex” change given for Bull. Cooper Club Vol. I com= plete or in part; any volume of O. and O.; OOL- oGIst Vols. VI to X inclusive; American Ha- change and Mart any volume complete; Avi fauna any number. R, C. MCGREGOR, Box 158, Palo Alto, California. - - : - BRISTOL STEEL ROD, No. 16 Rangly Fly Rod, 4 joints and butt, new, $3.75 cash and $3.75 iueggs. Let mequote you cash or exchange on anything in line of sporting goods. BEN- JAMIN HOAG, Stephentown, New York. WANTED :—Well marked sets of Red-tailed, Red-shouldered and Sparrow Hawks, Great Horned and Screech Owls, Tufted Puffin, Pig- eon Guillemot, White Pelican, Caspian and Sooty Terns, Bridled Tern, Audubon’s Shear- water, Blue-winged Teal, American Bittern, Osprey, Kildeer, Bartram’s Sandpiper Califor- nian Quail, Bald HKagle, Downy Woodpecker, Ruby-throated Hummingbirds and nests, Cedar Waxwing, Red-eyed Vireos and others. I can offer for these Sea Birds’ eggs, Ducks, Plovers and Hawks from Iceland, Lapland, Greenland, Labrad°r and Northwest Canada. I have thousands of eggs for exchange. W. RAINE, Kew Beach, Toronto, Canada. OOLOGISTS WANTED:—Will pay _ 50cts. each cash for one of each June 18&8, and April 1889, and will give an exchange notice, or cou- pon good for one, for copies of the January 1895 and April 1899 issue, a notice for each copy. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. PHEASANT EGGS FOR AATCHING.—On and after May first I will be ready to supply settings of Mongolian Ring Neck Pheasants. Settings of 15, price $4. Orders booked now. A. Me PERRIOR, 1409 So. Salina St., Synncuees eve 7 WANTED FOR CASH.—First-class sets of game birds, (particularly large sets) Ducks, Geese, Grouse, Partridges, etc. Send list and lowest cash prices; also quote fine sets of any North American birds. J. L. CHILDS, Floral Park, N. Y. 174 WANTED.-Collectors throughout the United States and Canada to collect for me Scientifi- cally birds’ eggs in sets, with full data, at 14. Lattin’s catalogue rates. DR. M. T. CLECK- LEY, 457 Greene St., Augusta, Ga. 175 WANTED.—Sets of eggs containing abnor- mal specimens, such as runts, albinos, mon- strocities, abnormally colored or shaped eggs. Will give cash or good exchange. J. WARREN JACOBS, Waynesburg, Pa. 101 WANTED.—Single eggs of all kinds in ab- normal specimens. G. E. GILMAN, 27th Ave., Haverhill, Mass. ATTENTION COLLECTORS.—If you have not seen Mr. W. J. Conway’s (Lansingburg. N. Y., 584 Sixth Ave.,) water blower, write him: concerning it. I would not be witbout it. GEO. W. MORSE, Ashley, Ind. 20 years ex- perience collecting. THE OOLOGIST 35 WANTED.—Series of Yellow-headed Black- bird % from original collector, with complete data Will pay cash. RICHARD D. MILLER, 3473 Amber St., Philadelphia, Penn. FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE.—1 0 copies of Happy Days cost $6.00, Hamilton 22 cal. rifle, mounted quail $1.00, squirrel $1.00, Sparrow- Hawk 75c,‘ Red-bellied Woodpecker 50c. Have also mounted fox for best offer. J. D. ANTH- ONY, Waubeek, Iowa. BIG PROFITS—may be made in raising Bel” gian Hares. Itis interesting work and takes but little space. Pedigreed stock for sale. All letters answered. Also climbers for exchange. R. A. POWELL, 135 E. 5th St., St. Paul, Minn. INDIAN BASKETS, Indian Beaded Buckskin Sioux Relics, Indian Photos, Indian Pottery, ne Indian Weapons. Elk Teeth, Mex- ican Hand Carved Leather Goods, Mexican Drawn Linens, Shells, Minerals, Fos- sils. Ancient =tone Relics, Oregon Tiny Arrow- heads, Fossil Fishes, Fossil Leaves, Corals, Agate Jewelry, Curios. Wholesale and Retail. 16th year. Two-story building full. New cat., No. 10, 40 pages, finely illus., for 5c. L.W. STIL: WELL, Deadwood S. Dak. PENIKESE. A reminiscent sketch of Agassiz famous Summer School. A 96 page book of much interest to students of Nature. Read what others say: “Have found it extremely interesting read- ing,’—HENRY PRIME, Garden City, L. I, “T enjoyed the book [PENIKESE] very much.” —W. W. KINSLEY (Supt. of Schools) Grand Ledge, Mich. “Tt is both instructive and entertaining and deserves a place in the library of every student of nature.’’—W. D. LYNN, Canfield, O. “T have just finished reading ‘PENIKESE’ and can say that I have enjoyed it exceedingly. Anything looking toward keeping green the memory of the great Agassiz should be of in- terest to the teacher of biology and no period of his life is more interesting than the years spent in building up the laboratory on Peni- kese.’’—W. P. HAy (Prof. Biology, HighSchool) Washington, D.C. “JT have read the book [PENIKESE] with great interest and think it an admirable remini- scence of one of the greatest naturalists of the nineteenth century. The name of Agassiz is assuredly treasured by all true lovers of na- ture and his methods of study have left a strik- ing impress on present-day workers.’’—(Rev.) ROBERT BLIGHT, Green Lane, Pa. Price only 25c (reduced from 385c). Prepaid. FRANK H. LATTIN, Pub’r, Albion, N. Y. EGGS. Prices per set prepaid. 5 percent. on $5, 10 per cent. on $10 and over. On an order figur- ing $25 net will allow 25 per cent. discounts. Holds good for 30 days only after appearance of this ad. SWiAHLP-=VDOOT WALL s 2 ete eee ee ene eben oe seen eeaes $1 00 California Woodpecker 2-4_.........-....--.....-. 60 Magnolia Warbler 2 3 60c; 1-4.............2.......-. 80 Least VALE 73:4 eee ee ie cea 60 Bendire’s Thrasher 1-3 75 Willow Goldfinch n-3.......... ..........- 45 Cassin’s Purple Finch 1-4 1 Long-crested Jay 1-2 $1.00; 2-3 ve pe 2-4... 2 00 Arizona Jay 2-6 $2.40; 4-5 $2. 00; Vermillion Flycatcher u-3n aS 53 Lead-colored Bush Tit n-6 83,60; n-5 $3.00; ake! GPA AO TCU GIL EOS TCO) ees coosececosoees odes 3 00 Mexican Horned Lark 3-8 Arizona Hooded Orlole 2-3 Western Horned Owl 1-2........ 202. 22 -2...2eeeee. White-tailed Hawk 1-2 eee Beli SisWireovasay etter arte en ae a Be Scissor-tailed Flycatcher 5-4 Russet-backed Thrush 4-3......................-.... 15 California Thrasher’ 63-2272) er. 20 Orchard Oriole 10-3 8c; 10-4 12c; 3-5. Beesley Blue Jay 5-4 10c; 35. : ses) 8 Sooty Merny soe ee aan eae taa eae ae ee nee eel 14 DEG CER Ia = 1 ee a aa 40 CObWhitora ates AV ohereS) Bhil wiaVe) oo 20 Clapper Rail 2-9 50c; 2-10 60c; 2-12................ 75 GreentHeron 3-4 ee ene eee 16 Black Phoebe 3-4 2.....-.-.2.2..... Brown Thrasher 4-5 IPopaaw ieee) NYAS L OY AN oe Lek soceecsae gaueAeecee TREN ROS) WARE, VO) ee eee veto cess Hee ceeaeeloesouccceaac V OV Giny 1-4 eee ee cike PA ws 1 Plumbeous Gnateatcher n-4............0220..22.... AL CAS) VATEO) 11-3 pee ee ee eee yan er: Cedar Waxwing n-4 in situation Long-billed Marsh Wren n-6 in situation. 60 ROY al LOL 8.8 eee Ue ae eee eae ae 35 WV COOGEE IS Ese ie naa ie ee MANES AEE Ree 65 California Screech Owl 1-3 45 Florida Screech Ow] 1-3..._..................- OURS Ay TePWWGle OPS) IDK. Nee ett eee eeeapoaseee 80 American Golden-eye 1-8 $1.60; 2-7 $1.40; Flea} \ atte oy CKO At oo peceeseos coca sore moa aoce . 2 60 Dusky Horned Owl 1-2, 1 egg taper tec 2 A00 Malleyebar:tii dl etoile ities aie eee enen esau 95 Canad arGoOseple Gres ee eee een 3 25 California CuCckoonl 42 ere Ble 50 OregoniGhickad ee) see 60 WOWISL AN AeNAN AMC Tye See e a eases evan nl 1 00 THUTHerSkO I COMES eee seen aa tee LE 75 WASSINIS| Sparrows led eles eee eee IDPs Tl ee eegentoso, copes cobacdaedseceasopocbabe 1 at Audubon’s Warbler 1-2) ene 1 50 Pinion Jay 1 AAS OOS Bie eae a Yl B50) Kantus’s Murrelet 1-1.) ee ees 2 50 Violet-green Cormorant 1-4..............2......... 1 25 Western Grebe 10-3 25c; 10-4.. ra aL 31) Ancient Murrelet 1-1 3 00 Cassin’s Auklet 2-1........ B 50 Ashvy Petrel 2-1 ............. 1 00 Hooded Warbler 1-4 1 00 Rusty Song Sparrow 1-4...................-.-.-2..... 60 Toelanad: Ge ee aes eee ee see tec as 1 00 Redshanils [a1 ee Sate hon, saeece sack 60 Golden-crowned Kinglet SS man NO tN European Sparrow Hawk 1- 1s eo Great Bustard 1-1............... i 90 Turkey Vulture 1-1........ 30 Sharp Seed-eater 1-1........2........ eee 35 Red Phalarope 1a ae ane ee elt eee pepe el 50 Audubon’s Caracara 2-1..........2.....2..---- Se aRNOD, Lutescent Warbler 1-1 35 Blue-fronted Jay 2-1......-.....---222..--00---eeeeece eee 35 Have hundreds of other sets and singles. Send for full list of both common and rare species. All eggs suarantess. Satisfaction or your money back. BENJAMIN HOAG, Stephentown, New York. 36 THE OOLOGIST. OTIG£E: =: The AMERICAN SOCIETY of CURIO COLLECTORS is to have a new Official Organ. WATCH FOR THE CURIO MONTHLY APRIL 20, IgOI It will be devoted to Natural Science, Archeology, Numismatics and ‘Curio Collecting. MENT. Fine ILLusTrraTIONS and a LARGE EXCHANGE DEPART- ALLEN JESSE REYNOLDS, (Sec’y) Epiror anp PusLisHER. ( Roy Farrell Greene, President, (Kan. ) ASSOCIATE EDITORS: | Thomas L. Elder, Vice-President, (Pa. ( | Prof. C. Abbott Davis, (R. I.) | Prof. W. O. Emery, (Ind.) YOU MUST HURRY acd join the ‘‘A.S.ofC.C.,”35e covers membership(subject to the ap. ‘proval of the members,) Official Organ, etc. First issue of the Quarterly Bulletin is ready for distribution. Send stamp for a copy. For Application Blank, address, ALLEN JESSE REYNOLDS, Sec. (Mention Oologist) 2015 Grand Ave., Connersville, Indianas SETS OR SINGLES WANTED Of the following eggs for cash: I will pay 35c for Ospreys eggs; 50c for Broad-winged Hawks eggs; 50c for Sharp-shinned Hawks eggs;75c for Hooded Merganser eggs; 35c for Wood Ducks eggs; $2.00 for Sandhill Cranes eggs; $800 for Swallow-tailed Kites eggs; $3.00 for Golden Eagles. Ifyou have any of these write to W. RAINE, Kew Beach, Toronto, Canada. SPR OITA = AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGY AND CONDOR :: : : Both full year to Newv Subscribers only $1.15 Dont forget I have everything for egg collec- tors. The Best steel climbers with straps at $2.50, without at $1.65, guaranteed right, pre- paid. Don’t forget these new Drills, 25c each, 4 selected sizes, $1.00. Pencils 10c; 3 for 25c; 85¢ dozen, good ones. See ‘‘ad’’ Feb.6. Send for lists. Tools and supplies, Books, Magazines, Back vols., Eggs. If there is an article for outdoor sport or Nature study let me quote. BENJAMIN HOAG. Stephentown, N. Y. Tos PAPER is printed at the Book and Magazine Publishing: House of A. M. EDDY, Albion, N. Y. The Condor for 1gor. This popular Californian, illustrated maga- zine of ornithology begins its third volume with 1901, and its issues range from 24 to 32 pages in size. It controls the output of West- ern material, and prints the most interesting and valuable articles to be found in any ‘“‘bird’’ journal. New features have been introduced for 1901, which will serve to make THE CON- DOR a leader! The March (1901) number is one of extreme interest, containing among other things a charming article on the nesting of the Golden Eagle by R. H. Beck, illustrated with three full page plates depicting nests in various rugged situations Mr. BE. H. Skinner contributes a valuable and most interesting illustrated ar- ticle on the nesting habits of Giraud’s Fly- catcher in its Mexican home, and other inter- esting papers are presented by Joseph Grin- nell, A. W. Anthony, R. D. Lusk and other well known contributors. A copy of this valuable number will be sent for 20 cents in stamps. YEARLY SUBSCRIPTION, $1; VOL. IICAN ALSO BE SUPPLIED AT $1. The Cooper Ornithological Club also offers for sale its new 80-page publication on ‘‘The Birds of the Kotzebue Sound Region, Alaska,”’ by that well-known writer, Joseph Grinnell. This will be sent on approval; price 75 cents, postpaid. Address all orders for sample copies. sub- scriptions or communications to C. BARLOW, Editor and Business Mgr., Santa Clara, Cal. ~ THE QOLOGIST. VOL. XVIII. NO. 3. ALBION, N. Y., MARCH, 1901. WHOLE No. 174 THE OOLOGIST. A Monthly Publication Devoted to OGLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. FRANK H. LATTIN, Editor and Publisher, ALBION, N. Y. Correspondence and items of interest to the pumden of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited m all. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: Single subscription............0...50C per annum Sample Coples........ccsseceo-cocccesseceedC CACH The above rates include payment of postage. Each subscriber is given a card good for a Want, Exchange or For Sale Notice. (This card is redeemable at any time within one year from date thereon.) Subscriptions can begin with any number. Back numbers of the OoLoGIsT can be furnished at reasonable rates. Send stamp for descrip- tions and prices. "Remember that the publisher must be notl fled by letter when a subscriber wishes his paper stopped, and all arrearages must be paid. ADVERTISING RATES: 5 cents per nonpareil line each insertion. 12 lines in every inch. Seven inches in a col- umn, and two columns to the page. Nothing inserted for less than 25 cents. No “special rates,” 5 cents per line is ‘‘net,” ‘‘rock bottom,” ‘‘inside,” ‘‘spot cash” rate from which there is no deviation and no commission to agents. If you wish to use 5 lines or less space it will cost you 25 cents; 100 lines, $5.00; 1000 lines, $50.00. “Trade” (other than cash) advertise- ments will be accepted by special arrangement only and at ratesfrom double to five times cash rates. .Due Bills and Cards payable in advertis- will be honored only at regular rates in force at the date of issuance of said bill or card. Remittances should be made by Draft, Express or Postofiice Money Order, Registered Letter or Postal Note. Unused U.S. Postage Stamps of any denomination will be accepted for sums un- der one dallar. Make Money Orders and Drafts payable and address all subscriptions and com- munications to FRANK H. LATTIN, Aibion, Orleans Co., N. Y. ENTERED AT P. O., ALBION, N. Y. AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER. Gleanings from My Note Book. In looking over my note book I find many short notes, or as it were, many glimpses of bird life, which, singly, could not very well be expanded into an article, so I have decided to write them up collectively, and offer them under the above gleanings. As the weather has a decided icfiu- ence on bird movements, especially mi- gration, I have usually prefaced my notes with a sort of weather report which I may use in connection with these gleanings. Its severity determines to a great extent the character and abundance of the winter visitors that we may expect from the northland, while its mildness leads us to look for solitary individuals of our summer resi- dents which usually leave us for the sunny southland, hundreds of miles away. January 1, 1900—N. W. wind with zero weather. AsI glanced out of my den window [ saw for the first time this winter a flock of about 100 Snowflakes on the snow covered ice along the lake shore. A Herring Gull was fiying around the sandbar, and some Ducks were feeding along head of lake. A ‘Lantus borealis” flaw about from one tree top to another and teetered up and down on the slender branches. Tree Sparrows are numerous as usual and make a tour of the town every day, eat- ing the weedseeds in gardens. February—Heard the first gurglings of Song Sparrows on the 18th, during an hour of sunshine in the morning. Next morning they climbed up in a brush pile to rehearse, but seemingly became disgusted ‘for they soon dove into the cattails out of sight, and were not heard again until the 22d when I heard one bubbling over a little. March 1.—This month came in a 38 THE OOLOGIST. ‘‘whooping.” Last night the ground was nearly bare, but this morning 24 inches of snow covered the ground. A lot of Horned Larks came into my gar- ' den to feed, but hardly a weed top was to be seen. March 2 —Just 26 inches of snow on the level, and great drifts have been formed by the heavy winds. Several groups of Crows flew around our town, anxiously scanning the snowy billows for a morsel of food. I scattered wheat on the snow for the Horned Larks and three of them remained all the after- noon. At first only one came, and when others came he tried to drive them away—seemingly afraid that there wouldn’t be enough grain for all. March 6.—Snow increased to 32 in- ches deep and the Horned Larks have become abundant—increase in numbers every day, and are so tamed by hunger that they run about picking up the buckwheat meats within 5 or 6 feet of UNITE 13.—Robins arrived on the 9th—4 of them—although the temperat- ure was 6 degrees below zero. I saw about 50 today in an orchard where they were “‘yipping” and eating rotton apples that still hung on the trees. March 23.—Saw the first Red-winged Blackbird this morning at 7 o’clock. He sat on the ‘‘tipmost branch of the topmost’’ elm tree and poured forth his happy ‘‘O glee-ce-eee,” But he soon flew on north and was lost to view. The 40 or 50 other companions who ought to have been with him are prob- ably stuck upon the: barbarous bonnets of our highly organized and civilized ‘fearfully and wonderfully made’ maids, who seem to be trying to equal their sisters in darker portions of the earth, in the manner of personal adorn- ment. . i I heard the sweet warblings of B ue- birds for the first time. This morning quite a sprinkling of Robins came into town and for some time their homely yet pleasant notes sounded the good tidings of nearby balmy days ‘‘when the Robins will nest again.” Saw two Meadowlarks flying north high in the air. March 25 —This was a beautiful day, clear but an icy east wird made it rather frosty. Robins filled our streets with music, while the valley fairly swarmed with Bluebirds and I never have seen—even years sgo—such a flock of Bluebirds. All day long they war- bled, flitted and played around the old willow stubs that fringe along the swamp. During the morning hours Song Sparrows were in full song for the first time. March 26 —At 5:30 p. m. about 75 Red-wings came from the fields and flew out in the swamp where they roosted in the cat-tails. March 2%7.—Although the weather was cold and cloudy at 6:15 a m., yet the Song Sparrows were bubbling over, a3 on a bright sunshiny morn. Kildeers were seen on the 283d, but I saw my first one today over in a grassy boggy place. March 30.—As I stood in my garden this morning about 7 o’clock, I heard among the medley of Robins, a sweet warble, and closer listening revealed a Purple Finch’s jubilant strain, coming from a lowly perch in a tree in my gar- den, but as I approached he mounted higher until the top of the tree was reached, when after a few bursts of melody, ke arose high in the air flying first one way and another, then flying up the street. For the first time the Red-wings remained arcund swamp and sang their ‘‘O-glee-ee” and willow trees and cat-tails, while the irrepress- ible Song Sparrows mounted on dozens of high places sang with joy and sweet- ness—a song that is indeed of great variation. Robins are becoming enamoured of each other and scenes of courtship are an every day occurrence—males utter- ing subdued twitterings and ‘‘showing off’—flitting about the females from THE OOLOGIST. 39 branch to branch and I think many are already ma’ed. The muititude of Blue- birds that were here on tue 25th have passed on north and spread out to the hillsides. Considerable saowin woods and piotected places. Lake is frozen over with about 12 inches of ice. March 31.—While strolling along the street before breakfast I ran onto a lit- tle troop of Chickedees. As I watched them as they hung back down, or, in other words, ‘‘bottom side up,” one lit- tle fellow caught sight of a branch of the maple that was leaking sap, and with every indication of having found a “fountain of youth’’ the Chickadee flew to where the sap was dripping and drank and drank with an eagerness equal to an old toper taking his morn- ing ‘‘eye opener,” then he ‘‘chick-a-dee- - deed’’ and from across the street came two more of these black-capped topers who drank the sweet juice, and uttered those low notes that sound so far away. April 1.—Beautiful clear day, but icy N. wiod. I spent tse day around on the lowlands, enjoying the hosts of Song Sparrows, Robins, Red-wings, Parple Finches and a few Meadow- larks. I heard a Pheebe for first time, and I wonder what such a bird can live on now when it is so cold, with ice and snow and no flying insects. Although I’ve seen a Bronzed Grackle several times, today is the first time that I’ve heard him tuning up the wires of his «‘/Molean harp.” Robins are mated and looking for suitable nesting places. April 2—Blackbirds are here in abundance, especially at night, when iarge flo-ks of Red-wings, Cowbirds and Grackles come in from the fields, alivht ing in tree top around swamp and pour forth their ¢>-Baltimore Oriole._...... ...... 06,| Mineu- = .<.. 2oie..... 2. ..2. 2°50 | Plorida Gracklex——-. 2. 15 Greuat-tailed Grakle........ 15 | Alligator........0200 000.002... 35 | Brewer’s Blackbird. ......... ao 0S 3 f as I stated in an announcement made in Dec., 00: ‘On and Be ae i 1p ortant after January 1, 1901,the demands of my profession will : = »} come jirst-and my entire time will be devoted to the same ‘if required, My Natural History work will be of asecondary nature.” These demands have taken ~ nearly all of my time and I am obliged to offer my patrons only a portion of my stock. Other - lists of Minerals, Showy Shells, Mounted Birds, Birds’ Eggs, Books, Special Collections, Novel- - ties and hundreds of other Odds and Ends in the Curio and Specimen line will follow as soon as conditions will permit. [ may be able to mail you these lists or publish them in the OOLOGIST s00Nn, ae not for months or years and possibly never; ‘‘the demands of my profession will come first.’ Z _ Everything I have left. however, will be sold and sold right. = All orders for everything I advertise or offer for sale on my ‘“‘Clearance Sale Lists” or else- where will be promptly and carefully attended, and that, too, under my personal supervision; _ while the filling of orders, packing, etc., will be attended by able assistants, who have been with -- Mein that capacity for years. i Fa! Faithfully, Frank H. Lattin. Shoveller White-faced Glossy Ibis... AVG OGRE Soe oo oo5 st eee Great Blue Heron...... ..... Bl’k-crowned Night Heron Red-necked Phalarope...... Whimbrel..............---.--------. Ring Pheasant Burrowing Owl Florida Burrowing Owe 1 Golden-fr’ted Woodpecker Mexican Horned Lark...... American Crow....--... -------- Wish @row, -22...5.-26.3:-2-6= 2 Starline 20.2. 22 Red-winged Blackbird...... Tri-colored Blackbird........ Orchard Oriole Boat-tailed Grackle House Finch ...............--.-- a Gray-tailed Cardinal..._..... Mockingbird Brown Thrasher Red-leg Turtle........... .....-.. Moorhen Mute Swan......... ..--.2--..2-5-. 2 European House Sparrow European Tree Sparrow... European Blackbird......... European Redstart - Huropean Robin .. White-throat .. Chaffinch ......... Greenfinch ..........-.../...2-2- a Yellow Bunting............. Hedge Sparrow..... Willow Warbler...........:... i Sets. Wood Ibis, 1-3. ee ane Western N: ighthawk, 1-2.. BlV’k-crow’ dNight Heront 3 Brown Thrasher, 1-4 Lapwing, 1-4 Boat-tailed Grackle 13... Red-winged Blackbird 1-4. Tri-colored Blackbird 1-4. Orehard Oriole 1-5____.._..... 2 Yellow Bunting, 1-3........... Chaffinch, 1-4.......0....02...22 = Greenfinch, 1-4............2.. Redstart, jee eae W hite- throat, Spa scum SEA SHELLS. White Spindle Shell,4%4in. PP AUCUCY eats Oe Caine ean Silvermouth. Gulf Calif._.- Green Snail, Philippines... Black Ear, 3in., Japan... . Mother of Pearl.3in.,Cey’n Martin’s Pike,4 in., Hawaii Silverlip, Mauritius........... Pink Conch,young 4 in.,Ba Pearl Conch,3 in., Panama Worm Shell, Gulf Mex...... $ Ark Shell. Gulf Mex ....... Helix fideles, Oregon. ...... Quoit Shell (44) Neritina rectivata, Fla _..... Stair Case Cerithidea, Pla. Angel Wing (3s)........ ... Bulimulus Bahamaensis_. Scarabus pyramidatus Gm. Achatinelia olivacea, Haw’ii “ spirizona, Hawaii ef uniplicata, Ha’aii Oalf Cowry, Australia ...... 10, Crown Shell, Gulf Mex...... Thorny-nosed Murex......... Pink Murex, L. Calif._......_ Black Murex, Panama... White Murex, Zanzibar.. Scorched Murex, Bahamas Leaf-back ‘ Med.Sea.. 50 99 panese E ‘s Foxhead, {Singapore.. Lettered ‘Olive, Fila Inflated Olive. Singapore. Spider Web Olive, Ual........ Harp Shell, Ceylon........... Lettered Cone, Ceylon... Marbled Cone, Polynesia Virgin Cone, Mauritius..... Fighting Shell, Gulf Mex. Orange Scorpion, Poly...... Violet-mouth ‘‘ Molucas... Ringed Cowry, Singapore. Snake‘head Cowry. Aus.... Money Cowry Ceylon Mole Cowry, Zanzibar... Poached Hgg, Fiji.-.....-.... Paper Shell, Fla Boat Shell, Mass . Screw Sheil, Calif... Goldmouth, ‘Philippines. Band’ aTreeSnail, Cuba...... Black-mouth‘ “ ... en Sun Shell (pair), Wits Pacific Scallop (4%) Calif... Jewel Shell (44) Australia. Venus Shell, Calif... 3 Thorney Chama, Bahamas The Student’s Shell Collec- tion: This Collection contains Forty Small Shells collected from all quarters of the Globe. all of which are numbered to correspond with a cat- alogue, which gives their proper, common and scientific names, with the locality where found. These shells when pur- chased individually and properly labelled would cost from 2 to 25 cents each. The following are the specimens found in this Collection: Scorched Murex, Thorny - nosed Murex. Fish Basket,Gem Shell, Inflated Olive, Let- tered Olive, Rice, Dove, Thunder Storm, Peli- can’s Foot, Ringed Cow- ry, Snake-head Cowry, Money Cowry, Rye, Por- eelain Rump, Boat, Worm, Brown Snail, Yel- low Pea, Beaded Tower, Tower, Bloody Tooth, White Tooth, Zebra, Wheel. Venetian Snail, Key-hole Limpet, Many- lined Bulimuius, Hunch- backed Partula, Black- mouthed Tree Snail Ban- ded Tree Snail, Little Agate, Silk Worm, Pea Nut, Banded Melampus, Indian Wampum, Angel Wing, Sun, Scallop and Jingle. Price.................. SEA CURIOS. Tail of King Crab... .......... Pink Coral, Samoa........... Spike Coral, Bahamas...... Mushroom Coral,Gulf Cal. Propeller Coral, Bahamas Branch Coral. B. I-.......... Organpipe ‘‘ Singapore... Golden Sea Fan, Pacific... Yellow Sea Fan, Nassau... Purple Sea Fern, Key West Armor Starfish, Panama. Compass Starfish, Chili__.. Golden Starfish, Pacific... Giant Purple do, Pac......... SpinedPur. Urehin, G. Mex, “ denuded. Key-hole Urchin, G. Mex. ‘ Chinese Coin......--. | Acorn Barn ) | Sea Horse, Atl nt | Sea Horse. Pace Pipe Fish (very Skate or Sand Shark '| Hermit Crab in Shell.. Luck Tooth of Cod, Aula “Hye Stone,” Gulf of Mex. , Alligator. Teeth, Fla... 5, 10, 25 “mammoth 50 Tarpon Scales, 2 for.......... 05 FOSSILS, Diatomaceous Harth, rich in Polycystina, Barbad- — oes, 1 dehm...... ..2........--.. Crinoid Stem, Ind..... Polyp Coral, N. AYES Shark Tooth, Va Spirifer varicosa, Ind....-.... Owent, Indices ee Pentremites Godoni, Ky... Anchocrinus bulbosus, Ind. 25, 50 Atrypa-reticularis, Ind........ 23 Aaa vitata, Teds Szaphites nodosus, Montana, Bee os ee Sioa 10, 25, 50, 1. co MINERALS Bee Rubellite, Calif .......... 25 Zircon Xtals .. 2 Ferruginous Quartz, “dbly. ene term Xtals..............----.- 2. > Halite Xtals, faceted cubo- OCtOhEdTON 2... eee one SO Hanksite, button Ktals....15,50 — Thenardite Xtals . pace tad) aa crosses... 35 Barite Xtals, Bad Lands... 15 Tourmaline Xtals, N. Vea oat Satin.Spar, England kag te 15 Quartz Xtals,*Ark._......... 25 Malachite and Azurite, Ariz 25. Cone-in-Cone, N. Y.... .----.. ayer: Dog-tooth Spar, N. Y.- 25 Pearl Spar, N. Y... 20 Pryope Crystal, Dak........ 05 Chiastolite Crystal. Calif. 10 — “Electric” Stone, N. Y..... 2 Coquina, Fla... 20. — Chalcedony Geode, Dak. 2 Green Fluorspar, N. Y...... 25 Native Lodestone, Ark... Masog BO Mexican Onyx .........-----.. 15 GEM STONES; Cut and ~ Polished Semi- prec ious Stones . Sard Intagho Opalseat 2 Sear Red Onyx: 22. 2222 Black OnyX ......-----.- --------. 0 Crocidolite (Tiger Bye).... 16 Lapis Lazuli-........-.......-.-- 25 Chalcedony .....-. --.- trae Tinted Chalcedony - 10 Tree Chalcedony. -....:..-.... colon Red Ribbon Agate.......... 15 Black Ribbon Agate 15 Moss Agate 15 Wood Agate 15 Fossil Coral .. 15 Bloodstone... 25 2--- = Ley MISCELLANEOUS. ‘s without — V-Nickel, °83, word ‘‘cents”’ Brazilian Beetle .. Horn Nut, China Liver Bean, Bahamas Gun Flint. Revolutionary. Resurrection Plant, Mex. Tapa Cloth (bark) Samoa. Clay Police Whistle, Mex. ~ Cuban Stamps, 7 var Arrowhead, AYrk.......-.-.... ~ ‘productions in colors. BIRDS. American Crow. - Pied-billed Grebe 2. Arizona Jay. _ Red-breasted Merganser. Sereech Owl. English Sparrow. ‘Barn Swallow NE. Black Tern 2 E. Wood Thrush. Turkey Vulture 2. - Hummingbirds (3) — American Herring Gull .Bonaparte’s Gull _ Prairie Hen ; - Prairie Sharp-ta’dGrouse - Smith’s Longspur - Am. Golden Plover Least Sandpiper Pectoral Sandpiper _ Bl’k-throated BlueW’rb’r Chestnut sided Warbler _ Grinnell’s Water-Thrush _ Western Yellow-throat Black Grouse. - Blue Mountain Lory. i ANIMAL aad i FLOWER PICTURES: ico ate your stud. y, ‘den,”’ office, library, school room, etc., etc. Well worth many times our price. poate for framing. Only 6 cents each, prepaid. List of the pictures we can furnish: Mexican Mot Mot. Australian GrassParaket Japan Pheasant. Swallow-tailed Ind. Roller Resplendent Trogon 2. ANIMALS. Black Wolf Red Squirrel Gray Rabbit American Oceolot Pigmy Antelope Peceary Bottle-nosed Dolphin Armadillo Brown and Red Bat Chimpanzee Puma Snapping Turtle Northern Hare Ground Hog Mole Baboon Hairy-tailed Mole Crab-eating Opossum Geographic Turtle Suitable for framing or Beautiful and correct re- Size of pictures 6x8 in. with % in. Duck-billed Platipus, Kangaroo Hoary Bat Hyrax FLOWERS &C. Apple Blossom Golden Rod Flowering Almond Cacti Lemon Nuts (8 var) Ginger Cocoanut, &¢ Pineapple Cloves Azalea Nutmeg English Grapes Hyacinth Coffee Cineraria Tris American Mistletoe Books, Publications, etc. A “Want, Exchange and For Sale’’ No- tice or Coupon good for one in the OO MO GIST ees, Teen reinn eee Re $ - One inch advertisement in OOLOGIST._....- The OOLOGIST, 1892, cloth bound, 268 p...... The QOLOGIS1, a package of 20 all differ- ent back numbers, my selection........... _ THE OOLOGIST, a package of 35 all differ- ent back numbers, my selection ......... iz i ABYO) KONG Layne b= th pieeeetece: ancarcea See eee eee ia ‘The Ornithologistand Oologist Semi-An- The Nidiologist, 20 copies, our selection, NG Guplicates...... -........c..2.. setewcnesee cee 2 00 The Ornithologist and Oologist (onto) 5 Vol. XVI (91) complete, 184p_.. ey 0) 69 | Forestry. etc. A Popular Neeson: of ‘the 50 Trees of Michigan and Their Uses. 1 Beals 24 pairs: ssa eter rari Seas Trees, Shrubs and Vines of Missouri, Bush 3.46 pi oie ee ee oe in 25 1 00 Birds of Michigan, Cook, 168p, 100 Fig...... 1 50 Locusts and the Horn Fly, Davis, 6p,ills, 15 The Ainos of Yezo, Japan, Hitchcock, 74p, C65 pal oo I) Loe hs eee ea eee ere te eo Gee ae 1 25 -_ nual, 5 Nos. (’89.’92) 240p, 4 P.............. 1 00 Natural Science News, 25 issues, all dif- The Ancient Pit-Dwellers of Yezo, Japan, Hitchcock, 12p, 8 Pl, 4 Fig.... .............. 25 SUSE R OU See I Bae A RE ae 50 Natural Science News, Vol. I and II, The Genus Uncinula, Drawings and De- complete, lacking two issues, 512p 2 00 scriptions of all American species, 5 = c Kelsey, 26p,10 Wig --2--)..5 22s ee 25 Natural Science News, 50 issues, all differ- Cte ne Mie Ch te ee yf h 1 00| White Line Engraving for Relief Print- ‘The Nidologist, 5 copies (with colored Be Seoules WN ne NS ae ah : plate of a set of four White-tailed Standard Catalogue of North American TRIG) SOY EPERSH Ve ea mere 50 Birds Eggs, Lattin 70p......... --............. 15 ‘The Nidiologist, 4 Nos., Vol. I, 64p, 19 Prothonotary Warbler, Loucks. 28p......... 2 hiaiestOWOS ee ies sees Nee ero 60} The Ulu or Woman’s Knife of the Eski- _ The Nidiologist Vol. Il complete, 174p, 60 mo, Mason, 6p, 21 Pl -......-------.--2---- eee half-tones, Col. Pl. of set White-tailed Penikese, (a reminiscent sketch of Agas- HESSTG EE O'S re Oo Rg ements NOS 2) 08 Mee 2 5 siz famous summer school, 96p, Pl...... 35 > The Nidiologist, «Vol. TI, complete, 150p, Riley, Packard and Thomas 3d Report U. Ben eine eo ake full page group of 41 S. Entomological Commission with UAASUEDTOEINS) Hes O(8) cose oh Goh sone peices eae special reference to the Rucky Moun- The Nidologist Vol. IV, complete, 112p, 26 tain Locust, Army Worm, Canker half-tones, Col. Pl. of Nest and Eggs Worm, Hessian Fly and Scientific Re- of Western Evening Grosbeak........... 1 50 sults, 450p, 64 Cl....-.... eee eee 3 00 Cut off along this line and return.with order. FRANK H. LATTIN, M. D., ALBION, N. Y. Dear Sir:—With this I enclose an order amounting to $1 or over andI am NoT [Cross of this word “Nor” if already a sub. and Ex. Notice Coupon only will be set.] at present a subscriber to your OOLOGIST. -In accordance with your liberal offer this order entitles me to the same for 1991 and to one ‘Exchange Notice Coupon. Please forward both at earliest convenience. Yours truly, ricer at the axis Exposition in 1889, Wilson, 40p, 7 - Bibliography of North American Tae brate Paleontology, White and meen SO ap loe Dic ess coc cb cosceee ee cee as Sees neers Golden Pheasant, beautiful colored piece true to nature, natuaal scene, almost life size, on cardboard, 19x25 in... 2. Pets of the Household, Their Care in 40 ler, 14p .. ears Back ua Its “Use and = Adle 14p, 4 Pl SeesEG So ct Aue Prehistoric Naval Architectu: 122p, 16 Pl, 127 Fig.......-....- Catalogue of Eskimo Collection in Na- tional Museum, Bolles, 32p_..... ........ The Crump Burial Cave, Buras, 4p, Pie Ancient Burial Mounds of Japan, Hitch- cock; 4p) 3 cle =)? 2 eee eee ; Fire-making Apparatus, Hough, 58p, 8 Pl, 60 Fig 2 Health and Disease, Earl, 160p, 85 Fig. 35) primitive Methods of Drilling, McGuire, Comparative Oology of North American 134)p) ZOU eee: eis eee Birds, Shufeldt, 38p_.....-.------2--------- | a poriginal Basket-work, Mason, 16p, 64 Pl Museums of the Future, Goode, 20p........... 20! ne Homan Beast of Burden, Mason, The Preservation of pseu specimens, 60p, 54 Mig a ie. Se eee from Insects and the effects of damp- a ness, Hough, 10p,5 Fig... 36| eee olan erican Aborigines, nee if ube Se hy not Public Mus- 9) | Aboriginal Skin Dressing, Mason,33p,33P1 _ How to Collect Mammal Skins for Study. Throwing sticks, Mason, 12p, 17 Pl....._..... and Mounting Purposes, Hornaday, Primitive Travels and Transporae® 2 (peo Mig. eke eee 30 Mason. 358p, 25 Pl, 260 Fig... 222... Meteorite Collection of NationalMuseum, Eskimo Bows, Murdoch, 10p, 12 Pl... 5 Glarke;12p; Pls eee 25 | Indians of the Northwest Coast; Niblack, a Gem_Collection of National Museum, 162p, 70 Pl, 300 Fig, 2 maps... _...... 00 hen 7 Op. Se eke erate 25 | Notes on the Ethnology of Tibet, Roeck- Preliminary Geological Handbook Gie hill, 84p, 52 Bl... eee cee eee tional Museum), Merrill, 50p _. 40 | A Study of Primitive Money, Stearns, 38p, The Onyx Marbles, Merrill, 48p, SPL oe 75 9 Pl, 22 Wig... ee ee Building and Ornamental Stones, Mer- Lilies (2p; 9P130:Mio = ee The Relation of Biology to Geploe ey In- vestigation, White, 124p, Pl... .. 15 Wilson, 76p, 20 Pl, 287 Wig... A Trip to Manitoba, Fitz-Gibbon,267p........ 50 | Minute srone lene from India, Draft of a Classification for World’s Fair, WAIISICEOO E as aes wes RIS is Ei ren ena Goode; 88p Se ee ee 40 | Ancient Indian Matting, Wilson, 4p,Pl.. Preparation of Microscopical Mounts of The Paleolithic Period of the Stone Age Vegetable Textile Fibres, Hitche’k,10p 25 eee oe a oe Amer- Textile Fibres and Fabrics, Deering, 6p. 20 | my 2 ae ice oe sao ae Development of American Rail and Track, ae ESTES pa E> 4 ig Watkins, 58p, 115 Fig............ 0. i. if 49 | An serous of une U. S. National Mus- Chinese Games with Dice and D CO COR UOD aa er cas aaa Culin, 50p, 12 Pl, 83 Fig... ominoes, | Prehistoric art, Wilson, 340p, 24p1,325 fig. The National Game of Africa, Culin, 14p. Biblical Antiquities, Adler & Casanowicz, eB EN gt Ness oe ea 35 29 ON) 9 eee ES The Bronze Buddha, DeKay, 12p, Pl... 99 | The Social Organization and the Secret : : ; tates } Societies of The Kwakintl Indians Ceramic Art in China, Hippisley, 106p...... 50 Boas, 428p, 51 pl., 215fig..- me Mythology of Japanese, Hitchcock, 22p...... 20 | Chess and Playing Cards, Culver, 278 P Korean Collections in National Museum, Hough, 60p, 30P1 Korean Mortuary Pottery, Jouy, 8p, 7 P1, Ethnology of Haster Island, ThOmpeel 106 p; 49521) 20 oe ee ee A Study of Prehistoric Anthropology, BO pI): 226 Be Ses ee ee Graphic Art of the Eskimos, Hoffman, 2230p -182pl1d4 Bg... ee ee ee TAD eee 25| Lamps of the Eskimo, Hough, 34p, 24pl, = ees Deformation of Children, Por- 4 Sige’. SS a ee a ah er 240. ee ee eee 20 ee The Wooden Statute of Nasouke, Satoh, aE ggeoniaeies copper Boe Moore, & AD CPM 6 TEs 5 Aa a tee ie eee 20 OND e gis ei are a ei a Japanese Wood-cutting and_ Printing, Geology and Natural History of SOwER : Tokuno & Koehler, 24p, 10 Pl, 5 Fig. 50 California, Merrill, 26p, 10pl_.. < The aor ae of Rennes, Wilson, Mineralogical Collections in the Nation- 2 1Op ail, Wig 25s a sn eee at 20 al Museum, Tassin, 6p, Ip]... PEON x Cut off along this line and return with order. If you are not already a subseriber to the 5 ct S r e e OOLOGIST and send me at any time be- & ) tween March 1fth and June 1, 1901, $1 or over for any thing I advertise or offer for sale on my CLEARANCE SALE Lists, in the OoLOGIST or elsewhere, I will consider that your order includes a year’s subscription to the OOLOGIST (for — 1901) and a free Exchange Notice or Coupon, good f rone. If you are already a subscriber this coupon is good for Exchange Notice only. This offer will not be honored unless this come properly filled on reverse is enclosed with order. (over. yr THE OOLOGIST. 41 do not see that the shipper was at fault and so one must bear with it. But here in our own seryice, where the box is never opened from the time it leaves the shipper until it is received by the consignee, a broken egg should rarely, if ever, befound. Collectors, as a rule, ure sither too anxious to save a few cents’ postage or will not spare the time to tack a few reinforcements into their cigar box before pacxing the eggs. ‘his is the greatest fault. Secondly comes the careless manner in which the specimens are rolled in cotton. Asa matter of fact I have re- ceived eggs from collectors packed in cotton that hud been used in the field and over and over again untilit was but little better than excelsior. Other collectors have the habit of putting in a layer of cotton, then a lay- er of eggs, and so on until the box is filled. To such collectors my senti- ments are perbaps best unsaid. No doubt others have received eggs from these same co!lectors in this condition. I may have spoken harshly in this ar- ticle, but those to whom it applies I trust will digest every word as meant forthem. And now a few instructions on packing eggs. 1st. Ship by express instead of mail whenever possible. 2p. Reinforce all cigar boxes by tacking smali cleats on the inside to prevent cover from crushing in. 3D. Wrap each egg carefully in a s‘rip of thin white wadding, which has been previously separated down the center, allowing the soft side to come in contact with the egg. Wrap each egg around the smaller diameter first, then around the greater, and lastly use a few tucns of thread to keep the cotton in place. 4TH. Puta thick layer of cotton into bottom and top of box. 5TH Pack each egg in very carefully and use great caution in closing lid of box. (Many are broken this way.) 6TH. Use heavy wrapping paper and stout twine, address plainly and don’t forget, if your conscience wil! allow of it, the glass notice, where our careful manipulator, the postal clerk, will see it. 7TH. Be ready to make all losses good. Yours for more care, J. B. NEWTON. Unionyille, Conn., Jan. 15, 1901. Field Notes from Manitoba. On May 4th I found two nests of Krider’s Hawk, one in a partly dead elm 20 ft. from ground. To this nest I climbed and found it contained nothing but appeared to be ready for eggs. The other was also in an elm about the same height and was not quite ready for eggs. On May 9th I tried these nests again, but found them empty. On both oceasions the old birds circied above the trees and scolded me for my intrusion so I decided to callagain. So on the 22d I called on my way home from the swamp, still noeggs. A little further down in the woods I saw a very small nest in an oak, not more than 15 ft. up and climbed to it. It contained two eggs of Red-tail, both were incu- bated. This then was the second nest built by this pair, the first nest having been deserted because I had climbed to it on the 4th of May. The nest was very small, no larger than my two hands and quite loosely put together. On May 31st while looking for Marsh Hawk’s nests I called for the third time at the Krider’s nest located May 4th, and as it was still empty I knew there must be another somewhere. A search revealed a nest in top of a tall oak, but. the bird was absent so J did not climb but toward evening I called round again and at my approach the bird left the nest. I quickly made the ascent. 42 THE OOLOGIST ot. and took a small set of two well mark- ed eggs, slightly incubated. The nest was smail and loose and I could see through the bottom but not clearly enough to discern theeggs. Thisisa phase of character I have not before noticed in the Hawks, but in these two cases with Red-tails and in four cases with Swainson’s Hawk this season, I found the birds deserted the nests I had climbed that contained no eggs. In the one case with the Swainson’s Hawk I found a nest complete but did not climb. A few days after I called round for this set and on climbing found one egg. As the nest was where it could be seen for over a mile in the top of a dead willow i took this egg, but return- ing next week found the nest deserted. I then drove over the school section and examined all the bluffs and ina small willow bush found Mrs. Swain- son trying to incubate two more eggs, which I knew by their resemblance to be the other eggs of the set, I having already taken the first. On this oc- easion sha had se’zed upon a partly built Crow’s nest, flattened it ont and deposited the two eggs in it. On the 18th of June I took my last set of Krider’s for the season. This was a second set and strongly resem- bled ths first one. The nest was small ia a tall oak beside aravine about one mile distant from where I took the first set and contained two eggs nicely marked. This nest was newly built like most of the others by tke birds and was unusually deep, the cup being nearly 6 inches in depth and 7 in diam- eter. Both male and female birds were quite bold and seemed to resent my robbing their second nest. Whether they built a third I don’t know, but if they did I did not find it as my horse hurt his feet shortly after while away after Loon’s eggs, and I had to leave the field for the season. Curis. P. FORGE, Carman, Manitoba. Some Winter Birds of a Country Farm-yard. Ruffed Grouse, Bonasa wmbellus. A few of these beautiful game birds are seen during the winter budding in ap- ple trees near our yard. Downy Woodpecker, Dryobates pub- escens. (Quite plenty in sbade trees in our yard on pleasant days during the entire winter. Blue Jay, Cyanocitta cristata. Very abundant. 04]. Key. West, Bibra er Sie aes rgan Pace inecun Zudinora 35 18 | °° Golden Sea Fan, Panama, sin 39 Yellow Sea Fan, hipidogor- ze vr orell Genassee C6, oe gia occatoria, Bahamas, 12in. RIBS Cal bye ee to kegcan.. ©. 2B t 13] 40 Sertularia, Atlantic City, NJ: 25 S = _ f— The Turkey Vulture. Oathartes Aura. Throughout southern California, from the booming surf of the hoary old Pacific to the snow capped summits of the Sierras, the Turkey Vulture, or “Buzzard” as he is commonly called, is by far the most abundant raptorial bird. Hawks, mostly of the Red-tailed and Red-billed varieties are common residents of certain limited districts but these vultures are well nigh univer- sal, in fact, so plentiful are they that one who has lived in this Golden state for any length of time, notes their ab- sence from landscape to a greater de- gree than he does their presence in it. In spring and early summer the big dark colored fellows are found most abundantly back in the higher hills but as soon as the young are fully fledged, they begin to scatter out over the low- lands where the food their manner of life demands is more easily obtainable than along the sterile hillsides. This family exodus takes place about the end of August, but the huge California Condors, who cccasionally frequent the same hills with their lesser relatives, do not join in this local migration, preferring to take their chances in their native hills). These huge scavengers, however, do not nest with us, if so my knowledge on the subject is at present quite limited, as the Turkey Vulturedo. In this immediate vicinity, and, I may say, throughout the northern part of this county (Orange), their eggs may be looked for from April 1st to May ist. Before this date’sets are seldom com- plete and afterwards my experience has been that most eggs are “past redemp- tion” even by such all powerful means as caustic potash. I admit, on the other hand, that full sets of the eggs of this vulture have been found near here earlier than April 1st, and on the 10th day of March of this year while out on the trail of a pair of Pacific Horned Owls, I found two fuzzy young ‘‘buz- zards” under a shelving ledge of rock on a barren hillside, and I have read of fresh sets which have been taken a few miles southeast of this place during the last ten days of May. Notwithstanding the many floating rumors which have come to me of “buzzards” that built huge nests in trees. I have never yet succeeded in finding the Turkey Vulture nesting anywhere save in the ground, and then always in little caves, never ‘‘among the brush on a sidehil!” as I have read of other collector’s doing. Nor do they nest in hollow trees, a trait com- mon to them in Texas and other Gulf states. Thisis not from any lack of dead trees for every fool camper who passes through our canyons must of 88 : THE OOLOGIST. necessity build his fire beneath the overhanging trunk or the spreading roots of some giant sycamore or oak, so as to leave some mark of his vanda- lism on a creation far beyond his in- finitesimal ability to replace. I have now in my collection several sets of this species taken in Texas, New Mexico, Arizona and other southwest- ern states as well as eight sets of my own collecting; further I have sets from states east of the Mississippi also, and it is worthy of note that all the western and southwestern collected eges are much larger, more clearly shell marked and more brilliant in their outer markings than are those from the eastern states. The set rep- resented in photo herewith averages fully .25 inch longer than the average of four sets from east of the Father of waters. As may be seen from the illustration this is a well marked set, yet I- have geen many, and taken three or four which were more strongly marked even than these. They were taken April 12, 1900, from a hole, two by three feet, in a rocky ledge on a steep sidehill. No difficulty was experienced in walking directly to the nest. In fact I have not noticed that they try to conceal their nests or to place them in inaccessible positions. This year on April 5th I took another set from the same locality and only a few feet from the old hole, sc I suppose it was from the same pair of birds. The markings persist in size and position, while the four eggs could not be separ- ated by the calipers alone. No attempt at nest building is ever made and the nest smells worse than the Red-tails’ I mentioned in the May OoLoaisr. I have never seen any egg which sur- passes the egg of the Turkey Vulture in beauty unless perhaps it be that the Emeu, one egg of which I obtained from the Publisher of the OOLOGIST not long ago. Harry H. Dunn, Fullerton, California. A Consideration. In reading many of the: articles in current periodicals, a question must be forced upon the minds of all true bird- lovers. By bird-lovers I do not mean to include those who simply see in birds charming objects awakening a coveting desire for personal possession, but those who recognize in these ‘feathered gems” fellow creatures. having right to existence, and the power to enjoy same, entitled to re-. spect and possessing traits of character worthy of earnest and forbearing study. The question which is suggested to such students is how many persons in the United States, collect birds their nests and eggs, one or all, of these how many are there whose work in this. line actually adds to the sum total of human knowledge, and of those who do- so add what percentage of their collect- ing work continues to a desirable end. In short what percentage of all such collecting throughout the country. ac- tually yields commendable results and what percentage contributes to untold evil? These are considerations which effect. not alone the mere ‘“‘collector,”’ but also. at. least nine-tenths of those persons who are posing as sincsre Students, and’ perhaps conscientiously believe in the value of their work. It is not my purpose here to enter into that much discussed question of what limits in collecting, the cause of advancement of knowledge justifies. “Who shall decide when doctors dis- agree®” And that they do so disagree on this subject, the columns of the pub- lications on ornithology amply testify. It has simply occured to me as a con- sideration, why should not those who are conscientious in the matter ask themselves in sincere impartial hones- ty, what the character of their work,,. their ability for it, and its results justi- fy? THE OOLOGIST 89 When studeats whose conscientious- ness it would be unjust to lightly ques- tion, indulge in repeatedly collecting not first alone, but second «nd third layings of birds whose economic value is now becoming known throughout therealms of agricuiture xs well as ornithology, and birds and their nests and eggs are amassed in large series, by an ever in- cressing!y Jarge number throughout the country, aside from the question of consideration of the rights of these weaker fellow creatures, asid; from consideration of the marked decreas- ing of numbers cf o!j ets of beauty and iatere-t, adding immeasurably to the power of enjoyment of nature, and eontributing a fertile subjeet for legit- mate, harmless, and profitable study, there is furnished to the great mass of the people as just cause for complaint from an economic standpoint and not alone is the study of ornithology im- paired by the loss of subjects but its cause is injured irrepirably in the mind of thou-ands of people «ho hoid the pleasure of daily observation of the birds as tiny friend, vastly above all the ac- cumulated scientific knowledge of the past. If a com :e'ent student can look at an amassed series of s hu: dred speci- mens of some species of a bird, or of a thousand eggs, and can conscientiously feel that the results to true and valu- able knowledge has justified this ter- Yibly serious sacrifice, itis my betief that he is above reproarvh. But if he has one such specimen in his collection which has yielded nothing to knowl- edge, whose sacrifice of life has been in vain, then it appeats to me that a careful consideration cf the fact must give him regret, keon and sincere in proportion us his motives are honest and conscientious. When we review the enormous num- ber of specimens in the private col- lections of the country, if we were able to trace all the results they have _ yielded in the way of increase of know- ledge, should we find the sacrifice justi- fied? And this does not touch the mat- ter of the millions of specimens gone to early destruction with never a to contribute to anything, through the misguided efforts of over-zealous col- lectors whose ability to obtain, entirely revlaced any ability to abstract facts. It seems to me then that when one is inclined to turn to the pursuit of this study he should earnestly, thoughtfally ask himself the question what his pos- sible ability justifies in the mutter of collecting. If such a student would discip ine himself, first by an apprenticeship in observing and accumulating facts with- out the destroying of life and the en- joyment of it, would not many fall by the wayside, and «ould not the gain be vastly greater and the sacrifice greatly Je:s? Jf2 man has served such an ap- pre: ticeship, studying birds by means of camera, opera glasses ard the many means whereby their lives are not de- stroyed, there has come to him oppor- tunity for the acquirement of more facts and original knowledge than many imegine, and is not that man b tter fiited thereby to enter into the serious part which deals with those lives that the ‘true bird lover will rev- erence second only to human life ard will not lightly sacrifice to the passing desire of tha moment or to a mistakea idea of need. ; Finally, when a mano has fully deter- mined that he is justitied in the pursuit of that high branch of the stuly which occasionally require: the sacrifice of life or happiness, he should u-e the ut- most care to assure himself that his methods are such as to guard against waste. When one reads of men taking - eggs from the nest when far advanced in incubation and then failing to save them with a weak excuse that they are gone beyond all hope he loses all pa- tience. I have taken a set of Red- 90 THE OOLOGIST shouldered Hawk in which the young had already pipped the shell, and blown them as fairly first class speci- mens, by the careful use of caustic potash and patience. I took a set of Scarlet Tanager in which the young had feathers formed and injecting caustic potash and occasionally shak- ing, the contents in three days became transparent, and save for the feathers blew out, thin, almost as water. I have also saved sets of both large and small eggs in first class condition by al- lowing them to stand a day or two with water in, in “the absence of caustic potash. I wish I might have an expression of opinion on this consideration from my fellow students, not a hasty, biased or prejudiced one, but the result of care- ful, honest consideration from all its aspects. - Particularly I would like to see ex- pressed the views of those students whose work extends over sufficient time to give them the guidance of ex- perience. B. S. BownDIsH, Mayaguez, Porto Rico. May 18, 1901. Pan-American Notes. On and after June ist, as time and “patients” will permit, ye Editor in- tends to take an occasional day off and do the Pan-American—all exhibits and portions of exhibits containing anything of special interest to the readers of the ObLOGIST in the specimen and curio line will be carefully noted, in order that the many who visit the Exposition with a limited amount of time at their disposal. will surely see all pertaining to their favorite hobby. For the past five years we have spent the bulk of our time in Buffalo and are fairly well acquainted with the Pan- American city and its accommodations. We have many personal friends and acquaintances, who are taking roomers and boarders during the season and in case any of the OdLoGIST readers intend visiting the Exposition and have no biding place in view, we will gladly turn them over to the tender mercies of a friend. Write exactly what you want and how long you intend to stay etc. The following regarding the wonder- ful exhibit of the Smithonian Institution and the National Museum at the Pan- American Exposition, is rehashed from an interview with Dr. Frederick W. True, chief curator of the Bureau of Biology of the Smithsonian Institution and Government Commissioner of the Institution to the Pan-American: . The display is the finest ever made by the Institution and the National Museum. not excepting Chicago. While the quantity of the exhibit at the Pan- American may not exceed that of Chi- cago, the quality will far excel it. It forms one of the largest exhibits in the Government Building. Every bureau of the Institution is represented, but, as is naturally to be expected, the National Museum makes the most ex- tensive display. The Institution has several exhibit illustrations of its history as well as some showing new developments in the work it also shows the will of James Smithson, the founder of the es- tablishment, and copies of his scientific writings. Pictures of the chancellors and secretaries of the Institution is also shown, with views of the build- ings, offices, the Hodgkinsfund medals and publications, and, finally, a com- plete set of all the publications of the Institution and all its bureaus from the year 1846 to the present, comprising hundreds of volumes. The National Zoological Park is rep- resented by a large relief model show- ing all the natural features of the park and the animal houses, ponds, bridges and other matters of interest. This model has been worked out with great care and will show every important de- tail with exactness. The model will be supplemented by many interesting pho- tographs of picturesque points in the park. The exhibit of the National Museum consists almost entirely of new objects not shown at any previous exposition. The Pan-American idea runs through the entire exhibit, and very little that is not American will be shown. TYhe plan has been to select large and strik- ing objects and exhibit them singly, THE OOLOGIST. 91 rather than to show extensive series of small specimens. The exhibit is divid- ed into three sections—zoology, geology and anthropology. In zoology the museum has been fortunate in obtaining many rare and striking specimens for the exhibit, which is confined to American verte- brate animals. Among mammals should be mentioned the Kodiak bear of Alaska, the largest bear in the world; the singular little gray Glacier bear, which lives among the snow fields back of Mt. St. Elias; the giant moose, the wild black sheep of British Columbia, and Dall’s sheep, which is entirely white; the rare West Indian seal, the musk ox, the mountain caribou, and others. All the larger species are mounted on bases with accessories in- dicating their natural surroundings and habits The bird exhibit comprises about 300 of the most brilliant and striking forms in America, including many West Indian and South American specias, such as the condor, the American ostrich, the macaws and parrots, um- brella bird, bell bird, cock-of-the-rock. The taxidermy of doth birds and mam- mals is of a very high order. Among reptiles the most striking ex- hibit is a gigantic snapping turtle from Texas, known as the aliigator snapper. The creature is about five feet long, and is the largest fresh water turtle ever foundin America. This part of the ex- hibit also includes the poisonous and non-poisonous American snakes—rattle- snakes, moccasins, boa constrictor, spreading adder, together with many striking lizards, frogs, toads, and sala- manders, including species from Cuba and Porto Rico. American fishes are fully represented. The museum has-had agents at Key West, Fiorida, and on the -Amazon River collecting specimens specially for the Buffalo exhibit. These have been prepared by a new method, by which their natural form and much of their brilliant color is preserved. A novelty in fishes is a large model of luminous deep-sea fish, arranged by means of electrical attachments so that it will phesphoresce, as itis known to do, when alive in the depths of the ocean. Many of the fishes from the deepest waters are exceedingly grotesque and wonder- ful in structure, but on account of their small size and their bad condition when dragged from the depths of the sea, they are little known to the public. The geological exhibits are diversified and chiefly American. One very in- teresting series consists of examples of the various elements which occur un- combined in the rocks, such as gold, silver, copper, lead, mercury, platinum, carbon and iron. Strange as it may seem, one of the rarest of these ele- ments is iron. The exhibit contains native iron from Greenland, and a por- tion of an iron meteorite from New Mexico. Another interesting object is a large platinum nugget worth about $200. Carbon is represented by a dia- mond erystal, a piece of graphite, and specimens of the curios and valuable black diamond. known as carbonade, a piece of which the size of half a pea is worth about $40. A series of minerals includes every important variety, and no small num=» ber of very striking forms, largely from America. Another especially interesting ex- hibit at this time is a series of the rocks of the Hawaiian islands, which, as is well known, are namely lavas. The exhibit is accompanied by photographs of the interior of the craters of the vol- canoes. An exhibit of concretionary structures found in mineral and rocks will include some magnificent slabs of the concretionary granite found in New England. Collections of deposits from the geysers and hot springs of Yellow- stone Park are also shown. Still another section of the geologi- cal exhibits is devoted to fossil verte- brate animals and fossil wood. Of the fossil snimals, the one which will doubtless attract most attention is the skeleton of the gigantic mammal-like reptile known as Triceratops. This creature was larger than the largest elephant, and had an immense bony shield on the back of the head, as well as a pair of great horns over tho eyes. Besides the skeleton, a large painting representing the animal as it must have appeared when alive, and a model is also shown. Another extraordinary creature ex- hibited is a bird with teeth, known as Hesperornis. This remarkable bird was more than three feet high. The skele- ton is practically complete. Much at- ten‘ion will doubtless be attracted by the collection of fossil woods from Arizona, many of which are extremely brilliant in color. Hardly less striking is the Zeuglodon, a whale-like carnivorous animal from Alabama, which reaches a length of 50 oak as if THE OOLOGIST. 93 or 60 feet. Itisastrange combination of whale, sea-cow aud sea-lion, and has long been a puzzle to zoologists. An extensive display of American anthropology, prepared in co-operation with the Bureau of American Ethnol- ogy, completes the exhibits from the museum. The most prominent feature of this exhibit is large family groups, representing typical native American peoples, from the Patagonian to the Arctic Eskimo. Each group will serve to give an idea of the costumes, sur- roundings and mode of life of the psople to which it relates. Close attention has been paid to every detail of the ac- cessories and the modeling and paint- ing of the human figures are of 2a high order. The principal peoples represented are the Eskimo of the farthest north, the Canadian Algonquins. the Thlin- kins of Southeastern Alaska, the bas ket-making digger Indians of Cali- fornia, the Zuni Pueblo Indians of Mex- ico, the Mayas of Yucatan, the Napo Indians of the Upper Amazon, and the Rhea-hunting Indians of Patagonia. Surrounding the groups are many cases filled with collections representing the arts of the Indians, their house- hold utensils, dress, weapons, etc. A series of models of habitation, the wig- wam, the snow-house and pueblo is al- so shown. ; The public will doubtless find a great deal to interest them in the collection of native baskets, which are shown. This series includes every type of ab- original basket-making in the western hemisphere. There is many beautiful pieces, such as the Aleutian fine grass weaving, the pomo-coiled ware of Cali- fornia, and the diagcnai weaving of the caribs of Guiana, the first Indians met by Columbus. With the object in view of presenting a route of wholesome fun and instruc- tion, some of the greater and chief Midway attractions at the Pan-American Exposition, have gone together in an organization called the Red Star Route, guaranteeing absolute- Jy their entire offerings as wholesome and free from all objectionable features. Naturally, the first visit will be made to the electric reproduction of the Burn- ing Mountain of the Sandwich Isles— the Volcano of Kilauea, because of its nearness to the main entrance to the Midway. The spectator stands within an extinct crater of this perpetual! fire mountain of Hawaii. enterprises | Next to the Voleano you visit the greater Hawaiian Village, where you will find the now world renowned Na- tive Band of Hawaii, whose music, es- pecially the Hawaiian national airs, are delightful, and the famous Hulu hulu dancing girls. From all this fun, next, for the sake of patriotism, visit the great electric eyclorama, the Battle of Mission Ridge, an enormous reproduction of the great battle. Its management earnestly begs that the G. A. R. will make their com- modious waiting rooms their general headquarters. Moving along the vast Midway you are sure to be attracted by the quaint music of the Filipino Band. The Fili- pino Village is a big colony and con- tains representatives from nearly all the races inhabitating the islands. They range from cannibalism to the highest degree of civilization. Many of the women are extremely beautiful. Near the Administration building you will find a handsome brick Vene- tian edifice, which contains the great- est wonder of all the Exposition—the Infant Incubators, from the London and Berlin Institutes, which has for its object the saving of the lives of poor little unfortunate babies who happen to have been prematurely born. On the Midway, and immediately op- posite the great Horticultural building, you will find the Herodian Palace, con- taining the sacred spectatorium, Jeru- salem and the Crucifixion of Christ. Softly you tread with reverential step ths grand staircases and look over the great scene. It is all sublimely realistic, and the most holy feelings of which the human heart is capable are aroused. This great work covers an area of can- vas four hundred feet round by sixty feet high. ‘The price to each of these leading Midway attractions has been uniform- ly fixed at 25 cents. Although ground was first broken for the Pan-American Exposition on the 25th day of September, 1899, it was not until June 4th of last year that the first timber was raised aloft as the begin- ning of the superstructure of the first building. Since that day a beautiful city of more than one hundred build- ings has sprung into existence. The magic of 20th Century methods has wrought a wondrous work in the con- struction of this beautiful and costly Exposition, which on Wednesday, May 94 THE OOLOGIST 1, was formally opened for a six months’ festival. The completed exposition is a dis- tinct triumph for every one concerned in the mammoth enterprise. It may be said to the credit of Buffalo that her citizens have furnished the money for it, receiving no Government aid. The entire amount appropriated by the Fed- eral Government for the Exposition has been expended under the direction of the Government Board of Federal exhibits exclusively. The New York State appropriation has also been ex- pended under the same _ conditions. The total cost of the Exposition, includ- ing the Government and State appro- priations, the cost of the Midway and other buildings, is conservatively esti- mated at $10,000,000. The Exposition was first proposed by a number of citi- zens at the Cotton States Exposition at Atlanta, in 1895. Its official history, however, began in June, 1897, when a company for its development was or- ganized by several prominent citizens and received the approval of the City, State and National governments. It was at first intended to hold the Expo- sition in 1899, but the Spanish-Ameri- can War caused its postponement to the present year. The preliminary or- ganization was superseded by a larger one with ample capital for the Exposi- tion, and from the time of the reorgan- ization the work has moved forward rapidly. This organization consisted of 25 directors, with the Hon. John G. Milburn as president, Edward Fleming secretary, George L. Williams, treasur- er, and John N. Scatcherd as chairman of the Executive Committee. The Hon. William I. Buchanan, at that time United States Minister to the Argentine Republic, was unanimously elected director-general, November 1, 1899. He had previously been the di- rector of Agriculture, Live Stock and Forestry at the World’s Columbian Ex- position at Chicago. organizer and director of a great enter- prise was at once manifest, as the work of the Exposition has gone forward without apparent friction or delay. The original plan called for some twen- ty large exhibit buildings and to these many more have been added. The Ex- position plot consists of 3850 acres in the northern part of the city, accessible from every direction by electric cars, and having as favorable a steam railway service as could possibly have been chosen. The general archi- His ability as au | tecture of the Exposition follows the Spanish Renaissance. The plan was worked out by a board of eight leading architects, representing several of the leading cities of the country. The most comprehensive view of the Exposition is, perhaps, obtained from tne Esplanade from a point a few rods north of the Triumphal Causeway. Here the visitor, with one sweep of the eye, may see nearly all of the principal buildings of the Exposition. The Tri- umphal Causeway, behind him, is a magnificent structure, designed by John M. Carrere, chairman of the Boatd of Architects. Four tall pylons. are connected by swinging cables. The pylons are surmounted by four stand- ard bearers, designed by Karl Bitter, the director of sculpture. The bridge, as a whole, is intended to express the pride of the American people in their achievements. The standard bearer represents a muscular youth upon a rearing horse. Below him are the trophies indicative of feudalism, slav- ery and tyrranical power, the whole expressing the triumphal struggle of the people of the Americas to free themselves from the institutions of des- potic ages and governments. Termin- ating the buttresses of the piers are four groups of trophies typifying Peace and Power, modeled by Augustus Luke- man. In the niches on the side of the bridge are statues symbolical of Hospi- tality, Love of Truth, Patriotism, etc. On each side of the bridge are fountains of rearing horses and figures clustered about tali poles which carry huge silk- en flags. The fountain on the east typ- ifies the Atlantic Ocean and that on the west the Pacific Ocean, with one base uniting the two. The sculptor of these is Philip Martiny. Beneath the bridge are subterranean grottos mod- eled after the famous Buttes de Chau- mont. Turning now to the eastern wing of the Esplanade the observer wil! note the group of three great government buildings, the open space being embel- lished with sunken gardens, fountains and statuary. At the left, marking the western boundary of the Esplanade, are the Horticulture, Mines and Graph- ic Arts buildings, this court being, also, decorated with statuary, fountains and flowers. Looking due north, the ma- jestic Electric Tower rises to a height of 400 feet. This tower stands at the north end of the Court of Fountains and constitutes a very beautiful center- THE OOLOGIST. 95 piece. On the eastern side of the Court of Fountains are the Ethnology, Manu- factures and Liberal Arts and Agricul- ture buildings. On the west side are the Temple of Music, Machinery and Transportation and Electricity build- ings. Beyond the tower is the Plaza . whose northern boundary is marked by the Propylaea, a very beautiful archi- techtural screen, rich in color decora- tions and ornamentation of statuary. East of the Plaza is the great Stadium, a mammoth buildiug, having a seating capacity for about 12,000 people. West of the Plaza is the entrance to the Mid- way, where one may spend days enjoy- ing the multitude of novel entertain- ments. The beauty of the picture is beyond the power of anyone adequately to de- scribe, for no words can convey to the mind the glorious result of the combin- ed efforts of the architects, the sculp- tor, the landscape gardener. the color- ist and the electrician. They have all worked harmoniously to produce a set picture upon such a magnificent scale as to dazzle and delight every beholder. Upon the pinnacle of the tower stands a graceful figure in gold called the Goddess of Light, presiding over the Exposition and looking abroad over its many beautiful features. In her upraised right hand she carries a torch while with her left she points to the beautiful scene below. The face of the tower is covered with myriads of electric lights. One does not realize its mammoth proportions until he looks at it from a near point of view. The main body of the tower is 50 feet square; with two wings, each 110 feet high extending from the east and south- ward and enclosing a semi-circular court? From its southern face gushes a cascade. ata height of 70 feet. Ata height of 110 feet is a fine restaurant. Elevators will carry visitors to various heights in the tower. The State and Foreign buildings are situated in the southwest part of the grounds’ Nearly all the governments of the Western Hemisphere are repre- sented, either in buildings of their own, or have creditable exhibits in the var- ious exhibit divisions. Several of the States have very fine buildings of their own and all of the important states are represented by special exhibits in the Agriculture, Mines and other buildings. The Live Stock division occupies sev- neteen pavillions, covering about 10 acres of land. A special building has been erected for a model dairy and a. commodious building is used for dairy exhibits. The division of agricultural machinery occupies extensive exhibit space beneath the seats of the Stadium. Two special buildings have been erect- ed in the southeast part of the grounds for a commercial ordinance exhibit. Between the two buildings is a model of a Gruson turret‘, 52 feet in diameter. This is so arranged that the visitor may go inside and note the construction of this form of sea-coast defense fortifica- tion. The exhibit of big guns by the United States Government is one of the very interesting features of the Exposi- tion. The arrangement of the various Ex- position buildings is such that one may save a great deal of time, as well as ef- fort, in seeing the exhibits. The ar- rangement is very compact and one may go from building to buildiug and enjoy himself thoroughly as he goes. The Fine Arts building is about 1,000 feet south of the Government buildings and contains a fine collection of the best works of American artists. The forestry building is a near neighbor of the Government Buildiug, and a few rods to the east is a stockade of the Six Nations ofIndians whose ancesters dom- inated the territory of New York 400 years ago. This stockade contains all the various forms of buildings to be seen in an Indian Village prior to the settlement of New York. One of the pleasure trips within the Exposition grounds is the circumnavigation of the buildings upon a broad canal by means of launches which stop at conyenient points. This canal, over a mile long, surrounds the main group of Exposi- tion buildings. There are also wheeled chairs in abundance, having noiseless rubber tires and easy springs, so that one may be as lazy and comfortable as he desires. A miniature railway also skirts the Exposition fenee and will be found convenient by many. COLLECTOR’S TOOL. A POCKET INSTRUMENT FOR TREE GOLLECTING. SAVES EGGS,DANGER,TIME. Send Stamp for Circular. (179): J. Rowland Nowell, Portman, S.C. and Magazine Publishing House of le PAPER is printed at the Book A. M. EDDY, Albion, N. Y. 96° "THE OOLOGIST. American Ornithology. THE BEST ILLUSTRATED BIRD MAGAZINE EVER PUBLISHED. It gives the LIFE HISTORIES and FINE ILLUSTRAYVIONS of 4 or 5 N. A. BIRDS every month. The egg of each is shown FULL SIZE. It also contains short, interesting stories about birds. ONLY 50 CTS. A YEAR. SAMPLE COPY FREE. CHAS. K. REED, Sta. A, WORCESTER, MASS. CIBB’S CELEBRATED PROCESS OF RAPID TAXIDERMY. In Practical Use for Over Twenty-five years. Used Everywhere in America. Hundreds of Testimonals. Try and be Convinced. Start a class. Money inIt. Be Your Own Taxidermist. Naturalists. Collectors, Gunners, Anglers, Outers, Boys, Girls and all others interested in nature and anxious to preserve the specimens taken in wood and field, have all felt the need of a simple method of preservation, which is free from intricacies and inexpensive. There is a method of rapid taxidermy now in extensive use, which meets the requirements of all amateurs who wish a practical and inexpensive method of preserving the trophies of the out- ing and collecting trip. This is not the old system of so-called stuffing, so expensive, laborious and disappointing, but is arapid system, which anyone can learn at once and which is guaran- teed to give satisfaction. By this process you may preserve the beautiful plumage of the grouse and woodcock, or the pike’s or buck’s head, or the showy feathers of the tanager. Boys, girls and all others can do good work and may make money, as mounted heads and birds find a ready sale, and besides you may teach your friends and decorate the school-room, office and dining-room with native birds and other attractions. If you are in doubt, then get your friends to go in with you and start a class, for when several work together there is an advantage, and the expense is next to nothing. On the receipt of $1.00, cash or stamps, I will send full printed instructions for mounting birds, heads. mammals, ete., and all materials for mounting and preserving specimens—inclua- ing prepared compound, together with full directions for dressing skins with the hair on for rugs and rover: so that you will not be to the expense of one cent and will send full directions how to start a class. Remember I guarantee satisfaction or money refunded. Mention OOLOGIST and address MORRIS GIBBS, M. D., Kalamazoo, Mich. ~ THE OOLOGIST. A MONTHLY PUBLICATION DEVOTED TO OOLOGY, ORNITHOLOGY AND TAXIDERMY. VOL. XVIII. NO. 7. ALBION, N. Y., JULY, 1901. WHOLE No. 178 Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ ‘““Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department for 25¢ per 25 words. Notices over 25 words, charged at the rate of one-half cent per each additional word. No notice inserted for less than 26c. Terms, cash with order. Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-third list rates. What’s Your Number? Examine the number following your name on the wrapper of this month’s OoLoGistT. It denotes when your subscription expired or will expire. No.178 your subscription expires with this issue 1 ee ‘ be 80 \ Sept., * 183 at ‘ 6c fas Dec., oe 190‘ o iA “June, 1902 195 be sé 66 6s Dec. 6é Intermediate numbers can easily be deter- mined. If we have you credited wrong we wish to rectify. This OOLOGIST was mailed July 24th. WANTED.—A pair of young live of each of the following: Barn Owl. Long-eared Owl, Short-eared Owl For good strong specimens, large prices will be given. J. EH. T., Box 98, Lancaster. Mass. GOOD EXCHANGE for nice sheets of Birch Bark and Modern Indian bows, arrows, pipes. buckskin, bead and basket work. ALBERT B Ha NEAM, 502 12th St., N. W., Washington, EXCHANGE :—One Premo camera 4x5 with complete outfit to exchange for complete sets of eggs with full data. No others accepted. All letters answered. CHAS.S. MOODY, Oro Fino, Idaho. FOR EXCHANGE.—Eggs of this state for sets of other states. Send list and receive mine. ED T. SCHENCK, Sprakers, N. Y. FOR SALE or EXCHANGE.—Two hundred fifty perfect arrow and spear points. FRANK RACKETT, Grand Rapids, Mich. Rural De- livery No. 1. OOLOGISTS.—Have some fine sets to ex- change forsame. Send your lists. Sets of hawks. owis and water birds especially desired. RAY F. STEVENS, Shabbona, Ill. WANTED.—A cabinet for bird skins and back numbers of magazines. Can offer sets, skins, mounted birds, shells etc. or part cash, also have a Lady’s Bicycle, 28 in.. for sale at $18.00 cash. All answered. W. JENNINGS WIRT, Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Y. FOR EXCHANGE.—Model ’99 gent’s bike in good condition. Will take bird skins or Indian relics to value of $10. Write first. Address BOX 817, Ames, Ia. WILL EXCHANGE.—Western photos or plates and new books for eggs in sets. All let- ters answered. Address CHAS. S. MOODY, Oro Fino, Idaho. WANTED.—Good U.S. stamps. Offer in ex- change skins of 387, 412, 498, 761, 474. 759b, 587, 613, 614, 619, 521, 581, 461, 624. 661, 671, 673, 467, 728, 735, 655. THEODORE B. PARKER, 36 Beau- mont Ave , Newtonville, Mass. A FEW Sets each No. 1238a, 49, 413, 588b. Several volumeS OOLOGIsT and other bird journals; Gov. Pub. on Ornithology; Bar Lock Type Writer, cost $100 in good condition; Star Fish and Sea Urchins from Pacific Ocean. All for Al Skins and Original sets. A. G. PRILL, Scio, Oregon. FOR SALE.—Plumbeous Chickadee, sets of 5,6 and 7; 15c per egg. Send for list of choice southern sets. Have Flying Squirrels for sale at $1.50 a pair; also Fox Squirrels, Coons, ete. EK. F. POPE, Colmesneil, Tex. U.S. ARMY GOODS:—For Collecting, can- oeing, hunting and bicycle trips. Dog Tents, 2 pieces buttoning together, covers 5x7ft.; weight about 5lbs., $1.25. 4 pieces button to- gether, covering 7x10, 82.25. Rubber Ponchos, 45x72, slit for head, $1.50. Canvas Hammocks and Haversacks, each, 50c. ALBERT B. FARNHAM, 502 12th St., N. W Washington: D, C. iG WANTED.—Sets of N. Am. Birds Eggs. Can use any except 498, 187, 49, 385. The more desirable the setS you offer are, the better the offer I will make you for them. I can offer Trays for Eggs, Large Egg Calipers (best 12 in. sliding); Glass top Egg Cases, Rare Single Eggs, Emue Eggs, Collection of 300 var. good Postage Stamps in sets; Shells, a large assort- ment labelled; Minerals, single specimens or collections; Fossils; Indian Arrowpoints; Spearheads and Knives. many localities; also an 8% in. Rough Stone Axe and a few Drills; a few Bird Skins and Corals. Write, sending list of what you can spare and giving me an idea of what you want and I will make the best Oneu ITean. EK. H. SHORT, Box 173, och estey . ° é 98 THE OOLOGIST. WANTED.—Sets of eggs containing abnor- mal specimens, such as runts, albinos, mon- strocities, abnormally colored or shaped eggs. Will give cash or good exchange. J. WARREN JACOBS, Waynesburg, Pa. 101 WANTED.—May number, 1888, Vol. XXII, American Naturalist. WILLIAM BREW- STER, Cambridge, Mass. FOR SALE:—Fancy and common Geodes, ranging in price from 25c. to $5.00; halfs from 10c to 50c. Special rates to colleges and mu- seums. H. K. MCLELLAN, Hamilton, Han- cock Co., Illinois. 179 OOLOGISTS WANTED:—Will pay 50cts. each cash for one of each June 1888, and April 1889, and will give an exchange notice, or cou- pon good for one, for copies of the January 1895 and April 1899 issue, a notice for each copy. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. WANTED;—Oologists and others to read “Mrederick Young,” the prettiest book of the year.