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THE OOLOGIST.«

7 UDENT OF BIRDS.

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INDEX TO VOL. VIII.

sAfternoon with the Birds .......... SEO ae 16
PANUTDITVOMES TT OLS) ec as See an wea Bees aac ak 181, 220,236
PUAN OES CNS eee ee 10, 183, 219
Amusing Antics of a Pair of Brown

DY NTIS TANTS Ss aE Uy ee Pe eet On Nee Jee AGH
P@ vr Wleebineg Of | the... es ie 16
Arsenical Soap, Danger in using.................... 162
Association of American Ornithologists

de OSTA Usa Bees Nea ean eRe Ren ey 103, 199,219
Association of Scientists, Sbail We

IEMavieranGemenal 220 us) ae a ee beat daa 203
Association, Western New York Natur-

PEN RSA GSS: SL I IRD me ca ee ere 217
ESUREIS: HARBISON. OEE Saal a eee eee ee 92
j S\cHRSl Epa es hee ON A eles SE ALR TALE ie aes 81
Biology, Seaside School of...) /.t. fs 165
Bird Wife of anNislet ii. ENUM LATE 101
BS MOM VT OTA GION te. eee fue Sh Wyn OE ety hee 121

“Bird Nesting in North-west Canada’’........... 206
Bird Nesting in November _...-..........-2bee 2.
Birds, An Afternoon with the.._......... t
Birds North of Their Usual Range
Birds of Eigin County, Ontario _......................
Birds of Linn County, Oregon, Some EHar-

YAO TA De Trees te OU ee Oe pe ME es ein 63
Birds; fhe Hxtinction of Our ei: fee. 65
PAUL SPAM OTACA Mp ie OE) 1b ios ou ds fetus, 82, 156
US Tith ieyaly 1D TSE IST eee 82, 186,198, 219, 224

Blackbird, Red-winged................... 11, 84, 124, 225
/ SBN CTG OME L) TSA BUSI ON cay oni bea tar ane eee ee ae PRE ae 84
Blackbird, Yellow-headed..................... 15, 29, 155
ESietaucline meee 87, 122, 160, 180, 183, 226
ESIMS DITCH AVVICS HOI 2 ole ae ae 64.
TEN VOMOMTIANN Se Soe A ea AU NI AO aL 84, 225
Bob-white 11, 60, 82, 224
Bubo Virginianus, Barly Nesting of —__........... 31
SEN GBB Sal SANUS Beta SON Ea AN lla de ed 81
Banh IMAI oO Bip sviaylapy ial 85, QW
Y BATU PTT OAS TL Garey Sia vo ete AL a aE Code ae eae Ab 223,
SSH Gites av MteO Weal aerate eS asiler nora Ns shes 201
Buteos—A Large Series and a Good Col-

SEE OT AKO Lia perenne LEE 36
NEVE HANI oro ele AS OMY ue aa, 238
Canvas-back
OS CATe GL TNE) Heese aN aE a ULM ONE :

MOLE a GAR AM GUUDOM Se oo sss ee slat 62
ROCHE Is Clee see SNe Ne eral OB 86, 1838, 226
s OUD HAT wae re TNS Yo ARR Ee OE TANS a 34
Whatwellow-brestedes 33, 34, 225
GUERRA es 122, 184, 221, 242
Chewink muBroome)| Cov; IN. Yn 2 158

*, )

Chewink in St. Lawrence Co., N. Y....... ....... 242
Chewink, Northern Breeding Range of......... 197
HTC a Cle Cypser eee nee 86, 180, 185, 198, 226
Chickadee in Kalamazoo, Michigan, Nest-

MmeroMBlack- capped ss weuNeepeesl lee 99
Chickadee, Nesting of the Chestnut-backed.147
Chrrel—-wallll SAV acl Oiyyg erat ees tones Ween nna 94
Climbing Strap abe eee 4 POT REM vas 89
(Choy al oyiss Isibeavoly VM bier) eo) Goes OE a a 205
COfoM Kexerusalenh Ope Vever ees Nauti ae uae Dias il ue 89
Cole chine t Conde aes ae eal ols Ue UD uRinas Ons: 88
COME CTI AINE CHEE TINE ela ce iat Sea te nae ot aen eat 89

COleCE OM VAVPEV Tee tim mies aie yaaa amnentania eset aLIN
Collector, A Few Articles for the...............
Connecticut, A Rambling Mixture from

Coot AIM eT Carp eeee neers hems 29, 82, 155, 226
COLrechions ote a wean nue 82, 61, 104, 124, 187
COSITOM OL ATU sau LAE aap ei Nene nol 18
(Ofer owes eee MW SA AC Ba 15, 84, 124, 180, 183, 223
Cows bieasNieStyvValsentaye ge sauna anu eae 8
Creepers 1a chai GmyVenites ss. sane 161, 175

(OURES IO Sree TBogg) Las as
Crossbill, American

Crow, American...) 15, 84, 98. 122, 124, 164, 225
Grow. As Whites . 2a es es ss ae Relieves 236
Crow i Caliopmian: 2.05550) lel oe Penh ey be Pe 64
Crow Not Increased by Tongue Spliting,

Talkative POWeLSstOl her. -) eee yeas 16
Cuckoo. Black-pilledies ae a 83, 176, 178, 224
Cuckoo, Yellow-billed............ 83, 176, 185, 224, 241
Cuckoosin South Dakota]. See 176
Cuckoos, Yellow-billed and Black-billed........140
© TOMS PTT GRE NS 2 On NNO een RS 160
Day Among the Fish-hawks ...........-.-2.-2)-0.-.4-.+ 3
“Davies” Nests and Eggs of North Ameri-

can Birds 124
MTCTRCTSSE] Ae ace a ae eee ea ' 5 SoD
Dipper) American yy awe ee 57, 64, 120
DINE TS yl ie hee seen eee OIA Leh 0 LAN AE a ea a | 196
DOMES LOU TT ee eee 83, 124, 224:
Dele, SAIN eT] CANN SCAU y eaten mp enaea lene 81

Duck, Black
Duck, Ruddy
Duck, Weod

TD) UIA eye eR NONE) dole Pere yo npaenaaees Aso, eal mete Nn ee 126
Eaclebaldticmcsc. es 18, 83, 97, 128, 185, 140, 145
Hagile, Caracara or Mexican....-.........2-22.2....... 62
Aes GOlGl eres ene eras Laer uue ham anery enna 98, 1°

Tope ede Chak iniy (ley h ys ihe Eero
Eagles in Iowa, Bald and Golden
Eagles of North American

THE OOLOGIST.

Hge, A Seed Imbedded in Yolk of............. ...... 15
Jayetee NAV anelalial fell D fetes a inane eee erred ean aes 14
La faio| ON onierey au baka ole sa eee NS oe 100
Egg Collecting—The Two Classes.............. 34, 124
Eggs, A Good Enough Way to Blow............... 12
Bers vA DINO). Re ee ae 10
Eggs in the Nest, Another Bird’s __........_. 207
OTE G, AINE TIC aes: ee ory nenn beatae ee neenaee 82
IDhaallonerworersy Levenamonvaayer se uN 123
Enemies of Our Feathered Friends.............. 127
Feeding the Birds in Winter......................... 156
Finch, House
LDTTAVElo, Iersheliaver Coe waves EAA ONE Gee lee 100
ASTIN CIMMELYGIO Cee eee a ane ec conc eae ee ae Saeed 84
IDswAKG\a, Sarena) oyataye ull Kevol sce ee Se ee ee ee 101
Pish-hawks, A Day Among the..................-...-.- 3
TEMA E CS egies eae A UPR Pee an AMO oe re ek 84, 224
MUNCZeT A VC G=Shajhbe Clipse ees see as eee eee nee 64
Mood eThe Stony Ota see ee Se ee 155
Elorida, Items of Interest from..................... 144
TRIE IN(OLdaSh, (SVovaaleys ee oe ee 135
Miveatcher, Acadiana Tigress: ents 224
Wye abeler @OLEStC Cee sees... eee eenaee 84, 224
INKY @eKolAeTR, IOC NS i eee eR eee ee 28, 84:
LN RRC B NG CMMETE INOS IN cco oS 27, 61
Flycatcher, Notes on Wright’s...............-.... 103
Flycatcher, Scissor-tailed _.............-.--.-222-.2...- 217
PEN y@ ais @ Me Tes yrs cs eee ee ee see 225
UM OMES Ural Css UIZ@ BUTI eae eno. acne ene eee 14
TEM FED IO ISS S52 ae eee eae aes rah ARES ei eee eae 242
OP CITC LUUCTRUITO INS Ua sees gil, eee ee eas ena 207
Gallinule, Florida...........-.......- 29, 82, 178, 186, 224
Gnat-catcher, Blue-gray...... Ree MeL SRS 86, 226
Gnat-catcher in Arkansas, Blue-gray............. 240
Goulden-eyew Americal es ee eave eecee: 81
@Coldftinch wAmerican 15, 84, 177, 225
(@yonkGlrahavelal, 1B yn eonolerehol nyse SEs BSE eae 122
GOO SC on W etl el Cl see ae eee eee 82
Goose, Migration of the Canada..................... 102
Graelden Bron eden es leone 84, 122, 124, 225
(Gheeyercdeyy TE ihe ewe a en a al 123
Grebe Horned es ae eee 81,186, 246
Grebe. Pied-billed ..2..2-...22....: 29, 81, 155, 186, 196
(Siinoysllovera key LEAS ou N Shy aetna nS ere oy 219
(Sh ivoyslorere iiss) TOnitevabh ayer) odie isis feces he ae 84, 122
(Grosbenic ne Ine melee ann eens NY 84
Grosbeak, Rose-breasted .............2.-.----.-.--- 85, 225
Grosbeak Widower. A Rose-breasted... ......... 186
Grouse, Canadian Ruffed............----.----2. -:.i:---: 83
GronsevOrecontRitie dis ets seeker 63, 165
Grouse Ruffed........ LU Sains Se ISU Seem en Re enn ed.
(ROIS SOON A eee, Uae eee hes een eat oy cates 63
Gull AmenicamcEl erring: ieee eee eee 81, 224
Gull Bone partes se wires. MECCA Ne ee 81
Gull, Pacific Kittiwake ..........-.....-.- NCU 63
Vii imes billed tes sees AE Ee ae 244
SOULS DN ale ye Saas ees SHAS ra pre CEN ices Su 244
Fuarlan’s Buzzard and the Redehall 2. es 199
Hawwk, American Rough-legged ____... RG ees 3
Hawi; American Sparrow.6, 18, 32, 63,83, 145, 224
Hawk, Bromd-winged........ i _-64, 83, 93, 199

ial COOMeLS: 22 sume 2, 88, 93, 96, 180, 224

Hawk, Florida Red-shouldered....................-..... &
Hawk, Harlan’s... 2 ee eee 123, 199)
Blawik, Marsh... ..:... 2 age ee eee 29, 83
Hawk, Nesting of the Red-tailed -....._..._.._._..... 95
Hawk, Nesting of the Sharp-shinned”.._..._.___. 161
Elawik, Pigseomt.2..2003..5.-25-.)2 eee
Hawk, Red-shouldred

Hawk, Red-tailed ..--.-........222

Hawk, Sharp-shinned
Hawk, Western Red-tail ___.............. 2252-88

Hawi and Wien Jeo er) 72. os 2: aas eee 143:
Hen; Prairie::_.. kee AS ees ee 224
Heron, Black-crowned Night .............202-2 175
Heron; Great Blues. 2 14,-63, 82, 159, 205, 243
EVEron Geen See Ree ees Sree 13, 82, 128, 224
Valerzovalss al diKoven(ehehere gs woes: ee
Eleronnry,- Amin dian aise eee Teton
Lal bhooboowu ass oviitol) AUWepeehaKO Kare lee nl eye 117
Ishvbochoawbavedoveeoly JNUKe arte ek ve 117
Hummingbird, Anna’s._.................. %, 34, 117, 128
Hummingbird, Black-chinned....................... 117
Hummingbird Calliope: see aeons 117

Hummingbird, Costa’s
Hummingbird, Nest and Eggs of the Ru-

LOUIS 2.222 S026 Se ee ee 157
Hummingbird, Ruby-throated...... 84, 181, 182, 224
lahbhanwaobbaked ovaXol [aybKOywispe ss Oe 117
Hummingbirds of California .................. Ve 3 oe 117
Indiana’s New Bird Laws.................-2.. 205
Insect Preventative.........-.......-.2.5 Peay eee |) 123
Tiyan Olson) 2: eiistc.es a eee Bee Pe ee) Maa 179
Jay, Blue ee ee eee 84, 225,
Days MMOTid ay VWe ie eee Cee eee nnees 144
Jialy;, Oregon's)! ee Be eee ae eaten 64
Jay, Steller’ sixes. 6 vee eee ee ee ae 163
COV Gam’ Siar a sc eee eee Ce tee
JUMCO; Slabe-COlOnTE Gee eee 85, 160°
Junco, Some Notes on the Breeding of the

CWasrolimial ee 2 ea acs a 160
FGI CLS re SUE SAE ano ee ee 82, 224
Killdeer’s Nest, How I Found a_.................... 1&4

Tsabel: AGdessiec so ee ee cis ae een ‘
lark, Prairie Horned:.---..-.- MANE Se AS S44.
Bethe Ay Air Olsyiy eee eee ae a ae eee

1 (0 yo) Aas is een eR Renee HEC en ec nce eves
Moon. Red-phroO abe deel ee ee eee

IN Teal We ral a oe eer yak

Marsh, Collecting in the

IMME Welsh oy MEAD P OME ers An ah oC sok Sk cages 85, 225
VIC CO Wil eats Kee sn seared 11, 84, 165, 225
Ue Clonyadlenelkes May Ersineh igh 8 Ss ee ess oo ee cee 64, 90
Mearns. Request for Skins by Dr.................. 18
Miereamser,, sAmmme@ ri Cait ieee: seieea. cen. cee see eae 81
IMT SamS er EO OG Cian ae ees enter 2 aoe aera 81
Merganser, Red-breasted .................. aes eee 81
Michigan Notes..-..-............-. sey esa a 2.177, 185
Michigan Ornithology eos es -eeae eee 125.

THE OOLOGIST

Michigan Ornithology, Changes im................. 140
Microscopal Society, American...............0....... 207
VM OTABLONS, Al SUUGy On -. skeet: eh ey
HUG eh ara saT oy Wek Uae ae ob Asi se eee a eae NY Ra i dA
Moose, U. of M. Museum nas
BNUCOU MODS, EOI yseter..- 5 220205..2 ul une ENT

Nest, A Much Occupied ............202....ee.eeee- 98
Nest within a Nest

INSIST IB re aed Se A eee
Nidification, Queer

BIN TOS be W leew eee le ee 84, 123, 224, 241
INES. UL) az Fy LT ENO N16 I SO a 144
Nighthawk’s Nest, My First...........................142
}nS((OA EHS) (ILE) ARV 00 KO) 00 SIR oa aR en 198
INO SIS) WaT QYTNS HAAS SAU ME ea a ee a 14, 122
Nuthatch, Brown-headed...........:.......2.-2. 22.2... 160
Nithatehs sRed-preasted 2-22. 58, 86
ibnateheVW HIte-breasbed ee 86

OOLOGIST ...... Seam ID ESSERE x A eae ea 61, 186
AO OLOPI Sus OiMUMCETESL COj2se- te. see ete te 183
' Oregon, Interesting notes from....................... 163
Organization, In Favor of an -_.......... 197, 203, 240
OniOle He alplMMVOLer ek ee ee ase 13, 84, 181, 225
WT OLS OLCH ai Cee yet ee 34, 58, $4, 225
‘Oriole’s Nest, How I Obtained an .................. 203
Wrnithological Paradise) 22 258

Ornithologists, Association of American
103, 199, 219

Ornithology, A New Era in..........................- 136
Ornithology and Ornithologists, A Few
NOU SiO Tle rere neste a see ote gins ee Sb 181
Osprey, American .............._-.... 3, 83, 145, 159, 205
Our Birds in’ Their Haunts”. ..._...-..._-: nee 223
CONTE a YS PANTO ANY ON OTS ca aD Fal ate a a Re 200
Ouzel, Water
‘Oven-bird ...........
MO Wine ONE riG Amat UiMe wes es ce ee 201
Owl, American Long-eared ._........-............. 83, 93
OVA COICHELOT MEG Oese so iin ihe Deer ey ai lil 83
Onley TEE NTEL ECG Le IY A ARI Ne et Ee 33, 83
Owe loOrida SCLECCH) 22 sie) lee ee 144
Owl, Great Horned ...... .-... 31, 83, 122, 127, 224
OIA SS UVCVAL GD) de arelal cine eeet cis cla/ecein cere ayaysc 83
OVIEES CLECCHM tari. cs othe easier levs 83, 90, 178, 195, 224
OMA VOM bCARC Mii. ele gies cule wees ede atal vise oreiare 83
Owlpspotted ....2..... TOMEI DMD ai eee aT tens Bees 202
Owl, Western Horned.................. 10, 63, 201
COWIE) Ris) TRE RAB alG Baar i emis re Star eat an ieee 185
EM ish SECO Been ge ewe sy on nie «feed MAemene 18, 83
Owas Menaciby Of WLC. il.fis sree wspeiedejcasisictaies 9, 147
ACU OE Oar aye hk asias sy hcaie rate od eee ee 245
Panini eey Calrormiay i.e. «eye seek waeeeOe
Pelican +7 BLOW as seis seh stloae eee 124, 135
PEM CAM MS ANG EAM ETI) GO) n-th ies esiciemacccioeise 124
GWEN VVIOOGiH. waeinu ae Aerie ate ted 28, 61, 84, 224
HALA O DES WALSOMIS 2. Hsbc Neale dee Nene 155

seieasamt, Chinese... ayosmen Ate asset ae os uilS

Pheasant, Mongolian............... ....... 118, 163
Pheasants Raney, sy. ce totadttcactl eons earns 118, 163
IPH oOebexnPeweeneihinscn.) clenimiccele 12, 27, 84, 224
Pigeon, Passenger... ............60, 66, 83. 123, 141
PIMtalby ca eriiees vad ees Pada MR ORE Bia 81
PpiG AMELIGAN: Be saas ne dees sone ee tote te 86
Pla Siar Sms pyl Pais s APS al RU AE AMA: 14
mete wbelid MEHL cake Md Oa Coe nea aes Uae eae iE a 14
Plover, American) Golden asses cea nea ee 82
Plover; Blacksheade dias sos ssesememes + enone 60
Jedkon were. !) Sih oMboke neh Anion unBO MEAD tao. Bakes acatC 82
PlOverwSem ip alumnae dieters eet ane Se
IPOVET WALSOMIS Mae niicrne es no eee tee ele ne 15
LeOnisKoun Ihyay Zhavel SCHON A ondine goo desobdes dono 179

FOOL Wall HiNiUGtall Sie eee are eee ee OD
Oia SMoumbain eee yee oe eee eran Ben

(QUES INSU OVOMS| SnBbadacdesdoldbos ttebLanad done 128
EQ) WET OS csicrsteresvont seeders saiatevanes ey cieecerane pegs 14, 122, 164
Biaile Clapper: hain ketine amennbnerahe abel 305
eye Wl A 2G bala eamre te em On een acre ag ls tri 156
lewhllEN aby enh ohhh taint daca A DHANINRnR a nem NaS AALS Acie 178
Inehyeray AwanlereGe he Soha Ab want Anaad uoaniMobes 64, 84
TRO MHCA G.saszp-narensavcectayen chet sheneorcditets tana pleiet ta eer Se 81
MO CPD OL ja tepare ose tar valk Povayens re mle navsnaons ie Soba a ata ee tale 84
Redstart American Maan aach-1ceeee eet 86, 177, 225
Relics by the Wagon Woad): hc. scssse ses ieee 226
INGO MWS, ANG Goa cacao OE ha padoconoaoas aan Ot 187
JN Olonial, AAVaKVEKORA on once eco cus obeo dos 87, 186, 226
opine Vioumbaim ye veces a BE Ra SA aoe 64, 104
IROOM MNES Gbe pooavs dooo BOG sna5 ecnS aC 64, 216
Robin? Where is the Southern Breeding
Ibihaobhy ovina oben Ao rasronaaRaoan anmobo. cate om 163
PSSM ONG Ker IRN oer aaa Ma ONC A a RRe eeiy RLLT 3 Ase Cae 82
SS@ualel onhoyere, leyenb Ol! | Shou eananddocce anpac. iooudoose
Sandpiper, Bartramian.................... 82, 249
rekenashompoyere MERI Csnonanesnupoooonos euaacnedde 82
Sandpiper pRectoralpynerae aa eter oe 82
Sandpiper, Semipalmated .................... 82
Sandpiper, Spotted............ 14, 82, 101, 178, 224
Sage piIpery SOlibarye Mey. pices archer veces 82
Sapsucker, Yellow-bellied...............-. 84, 224
Seedeater, Hees of Sharpe's /..2...........0. 202
Shrike NOL beens aan es se eee esis 85
Shrike, White-rumped..................... 85, 225
Signs Denoting Sex in Birds ...................128
STSTSH PATO sak Bean ieleii hays sala Meee OND oreo 31,84
Smiith?s! Island Ay rip tows. 3 4222s ee sees elo)
Swipes Melishws yy a eeandst ak eee ia oar 18
Sipe), WailSOmes sss joes aoe ace «on serpaee ane ae 63, 82
Smo wiikey: Ga MU UNL ol a aan pe ced 84
SOMO Uys AWING We MCAT Ss cleletclere lal stlelalelefelsieistelietalals i
Olas ectuatetveleclateletatelafela ake hislenetveriete cela 29, 82, 178, 200

Sparrow, Chipping...............80, 157, 183, 225
Sparrow, English.14, 15, 59, 88, 123, 124, 125,
eletals/alwtefetefelelatevetelnterslarelstetsie scveceel(O. LOL) 186) 225

Sparrow, English, A Suggestion ............. 104
Sparrow, Field .......... comodcogs boob dons 85, 225.
SJORRAKON', UNOP:< Gdosoonods Udee dodo bGo5 Conseco 85
Sparrow, Gambel’s White-crowned .......... 178
Sparrow, Grasshopper...... cbc sonocesdusde ce 225
Sparrow, Heermann’s Song ............. sroineiel SOND

Sparrow, HensloOw’s .csc.scecee ces seen ee ee oo LOO

THE OOLOGIST.

Sparrow in Bay City Mich., The English....176
SP ALLOW. WATE eco ele cele 1s,-1e/eveiaineininecte a tiataee rea
Sparrow Must Go,” “ “The Mie Aeiseletetterlento

Sparrow, Rusty SONG. ..... 2c. see cane enecee.- 04
DS PALLOWe SAN ALLMAN e siayelels\o cl alaclolaieialeiata stemtersistetsia 84
Sparrow, Song..... DINO GOAOB AD co a bsSE 85, 164, 180
SSP ALLOW) OVA) coinietsielcjajellajes-iehaieieiarelaleipicloterstaeyareiete 85
Sparrow, Tragic Death of a Field ..............9
SHORHARON Ye AMA @onoonnoo cco coo aeaddS sldateheatetnes iD:
Sparrow, Vesper .......+. Nosgs onaD cuotudimacos «84
Sparrow, White-crowned........ Sun sanwAndod aoed
Sparrow, White-throated........ BOER HOSE arava ries:
Sparrows--Electrocute Them’..........-....- 123
Sparrows, Now—The Time to Wage War
on the English ..... elels sia) aiaieteys Joab uso de 509)
\S\ehanieKelnls 1 Eto oinlhGoteeon Sasa lannsosca ead Ase 179
SsinvENlWonn7, IeeWallke! | icagd saceodsasoood sjae «200, 102, 1225
SIMONA eee SA aise oomnoodsu daub dona sed coon 85, 225
Sellen) Ollilitts Sadao Adah oadodecod eiteaferaleletneene 85, 225
Swallow, Rough- eae YE TN 2 A ARE A 85, 225
Swallow, Tree. Be Sowsb0 Jomo Helly IRL Css
Swallow, White- pete psoas onsrooe esc se)
Swallows, A Curious (deformed) Paro peer. 31
‘Shiaiiin, (Olanbaniaeiy Gagge noon onado bos adaseo asc 84, 224
Swift, Pigmy..... ajoonsdso sislslelaiaia(sinis ins sera 60
MANAGER, SECALICT-<i.\eieer sinie voles > see 14, 85, 186, 225
Taxidermy, PXpert ........... daoaddoodd odasode 17
Teal, Green-WinGed ......cscecssscecseecce See Ol
Mern VAT CLG .scdetee< aielolal cer sicileteieinatorereeiiee 102, 198
MenmBlackss as seaesenceccs soccer ele eeee2Os Jon 186
Tern, Common ........ aratatejo qe teiatalsireratstesenete ele ole retae 198
MexaSuNiOGeSas-iacemeiiccctecnesiol ieee eeme Gelatin Gry
Thanksgiving Notes from the Far West..... 239
Pra Serer © vwolletstaieie laedciisteiciels . 86, 183, 185, 226
MATASHOI Gal ifOTMi aime ciareinisicee eevee see eed eee 218
(Mere bisa keraaobliinqngooios Uondo040.0400 58, 87, 91, 124
MnrUSh Olive DAKE ej. -c)-\-a- sicteeleneira sarees 86, 185
Thrush, Russet-backed.......e.sedencceeesiet of ce 237
Thrush, Wilson’s......... sieiaisiatenetaista 13, 86, 178, 185
SPT e AVOO.Cisteeisieteiec e)sinieicte intnietierenas 34, 86, 185, 226
Thrushes, Amusing Antics of a Pair of
IBYHON a GaceoogGooes 4 SadS0 OU7Con saodasosUAbes 137
Towhee...... §5, 122, 188, 158, 184, 197, 221, 225, 242
MOWAMEC, CAliLOLINT ALS </e\e.0/0) 0 (c/s, vje,0/aloialsicvelicieieversiele 200
Towhee, Oregon.........00sss000. HOG eGEAGHIOe 64
Mow lee. Rial 6) OLEH E es eleleisfeteieteisiefals isiateiehale|stal= OF:
MowHee, |SPULLEA Se eels cielr cleisie pipinin plantantcem cache 202
NEES) SoAbSeDoonOd aodede nosed soqns BEd ac ade tees 238
PETC MOXA CAM «ja, 0; r0\nye)n'ase/0\sliesmiore/elalin(nlelsialo ae slalere 141
intrbelicenry Vaile And Aco agpanece atetelatayste Blevsieete nee 83, 141
EjmS rail! OCEUEMEES! = cic winsisisleleisio slcrcisoveists oie 180
WHITE OETA EAE e ecimusielernisisloiniecislesiecsciatanlace’s 85
Vireo, Philadelphia......... dinbadcs sUNueO som Ad 85
Wire O: REG CVE Cisrcsine wis evan tetcphoveteleeielsieieisine 85, 100
Vireo, Warbling .........s006 Sodnt Ss Aisodno cadsad 85
Vireo, Yellow-throated .......... nooo daoos och 85
Vulture, Turkey...... 68, 83, 122, 123, 164, 165, 181
Vulture, (Turkey) Occupying Nest more
MME WaILOlKee) abc So anibnos ahd serosa dcodQusac 164
Warbler, Bay-breasted .......ecvee sees ence oe 580
Warbler, Black and White............ 85, i61, 17.

175
Warbler, Black and White Creeping.........175

Warbler, Black-burnian ieee 2.) sbeleen eee sivele «OG
Warbler, Black-pol!:........... Rem SAria a Acie a| Sé.
Warbler, Black-throated Blue ..... inate ea 59, 86
Warbler, Black-throated Green ..............--86:
Warbler, Canadian ......... eeeesecsbase 02009) OF
Warbler, Cape May. .. « .../\=0.. «cm clenleldsieteeeieaiets 58:
Warbler, Cerulean 5. << /\s/.c.«\5 5s) <i=i<'eaeieine aerate 86
Wiearbler, Chestnut-sided. 2.0... . oceans acel 86
Warbler, Connecticut....... o Bsjelis a epeneeene eee 86.
Warbler Family, Notes om ........sc.--+ «0s ..182:
Warbler, Golden-winged ..........sssae«s.-D9, 8D
Warbler, Kirtland ...... sie ols avnielalnierpietactae salman
Warblers Mryastle sce sleisieie miss ars) /sis selon stateelalsaeyeres 2.86.
Warbler, Magnoli..... sial e/ovelnte!shainie inlets atalststa) stele tenses
Warbler Nias bial eye tric lrectstotara siete 2.2.09, 8D
Warbler, Nest of the Chestnut- sidea Beara. 243
Warbler, Orange-crowned ..........----.-«s«-= 85.

Warbler) Parla). cme. serstaiemncnaniae
Warblers Praivies.:icis ise s\sicesaeiaeteeeieae muah
Warbler, Prothonotary...............--++
,Warbier, Tennessee................ einiieletet siete steel

“Warbler. Wilson’s ....ssescsee sees aialeiete ec ieiatstatele OO
Warbler, Wilson’s Black-capped........-.++--58
Woater-thrush .....-.... aleloiefelelafefsleiavekatafotelavateteeratete 86
Water-thrush, Large-billed....c...cseccssesoel dd
Water-thrush, Louisiana ...........ccececs one 00
Waxwing, Bohemian........ dpepedosaedcs | Samat,
\nletizayahater (Oeioleh ea oranodcananoendoaa ssc005- 85, 225
Western New York, Naturalists Associ-

EN OT Tee Ma SABE SBME NMEA SABEBHGO OGo-icciad crac 217
Whip-poor-will............. 60, 84, 94, 124, 294, 247
Whip-poor-will, What Causes the Quick

IN(OMSISHONE TON ONRGGD MBAS ODONUID oo sco mca ooo lis:
AV VALINE Givetevetelopelsiets wie wisia;sinleccretveterstarclispevete ets
te Wolwertnie Natur alist” . dooooaucc aces analy
Woodchuck, Bignene Be ehiid 1B
Woodcock, American.. “66, “80, 123, ‘is6, 224
W oodpecker, Galion Dwi ubicisleinreisintelaleie eran teem
WiOOG PECKer, DO WAYi cic ciclnle cleieleen (-nieatalat acta 84, 224
WiOOUPECKeny ELA yo leinceieleerinle = eeieleeiter oesee lar
Woodpecker, Large Set of Red-headed .......32
Woodpecker, Nesting of the Downy in

Kalamazoo Co., Mich........ APACE Sa Sadat 5
Woodpecker, Northern Hairy ........ aGanan weletos”
Woodpecker, Nuttall’s..........esee...--.0--- 201
Woodpecker, Pileated .............- 14, 64, 84, 236
Woodpecker, Red-bellied .-.......... mrcleversteeane 94
Woodpecker, Red-headed ..........« «84, 123, 224
World’s Fair Notes .............. 166, 187, 226, 246.
Wren, Bewick’s ............25 Abo wocadona cakes 143
Wren, Carolina, ............- eee. 119, 148, 158, 215
Witt CIE) VOUS sine clot oie oie evaceleletetnlelele) svelelntstatei=tatetsts 86, 226
Wren, Long-billled Marsh..4, 86, 143, 155, 186,219.
Wren: ParkMan’s.cecce'Jccneccensesincesiciess = «1 c0u
Wren, Short-billed Marsh.........eesseesses ease 4
Wren, Western Winter ....ceceeceesses cseeceee 64
Wren, Winter ..........+.5 Oyoan -yscuae 86, 124, 1423.
Wrens. in Hudson Co. N. J., Marsh‘...... Aaaos cu!
Wrens of North Carolina ..........,. OE n ert 142
Yellow-legs .....-.. etectt isiemiel nace ehatiaeitarseiee 82, 156
Yellow-legs, Greater cscs cccceecsesenceeeeneee 82
Yellow-throat, ee a Relchatuieretet 58, 86, 198, 225

Yellow-throat, Western..

se ceccee cneces DUG): j-

x
Yr
oe
Fy ey NS

Scan RAR OUSAE area nsesesousse

oY: uee
A ESSE EES SS SUC SS

Menthly.

VOL. VII.

ALBION N. Y., JAN., 1891.

oa
\VRRaKe RAH Sor cee

BAAESOCR OC ARNe BK” RE 2
<
£
ey.
“
TS AEGNO SPAVSE SION aes eS On SARE SSe ess Se ae TENE CROC ERAT sCeoT, %
yy, 7; Prat by y mom qe
Cys) 2} J OPI PSEA Ba Ee an, %
Ne

Ch

50c. per Year. Os

Exchanges and Wants.

Brief special annowncements, ‘“‘Wants,” “Ex-
changes” inserted in this department for 25c
per 23 words. Motices over 25 words, charged
at the rate of sne-haif cent per word. No
notice imserted fer jess than 5c. Notices
which are merely indirect methods of soliciting

eash purchasers cannot be admitted to these |

eolumns under any circumstances.

Terms,
cash with order. 3

“Through your exchange notices and offers,
ete., I have increased my collecticn over 150
warieties in the last year and a half, many

veing valuable sets. Please except thanks for |

same.” H. R. ESCHENBERG, Gilroy, Cala.

*“T can’t do without the OOLOGIST, it is the
best paper of its kind in America. its Ex-
change Column is a-boon for collectors.
¥rom my notice im August number I received
over 125 letters and cards, and even now nearly
every day I received letters fromit. It pays
big is to say it but briefly.” W. E. SNYDER,
Beaver Dam, Wis.

Enclosed please find 25c. Kindly leave my
Coleoptera Exchange another month. I re-
eeived such a number of letters that my dupli-
cate stock of Coleoptera is cleaned out. Happi-
iy I am expecting quite a lot from Europe and
Africa which I hope wil! arrive in a few days.
I hope through your paper to be able to ex-
change them as fast as I Gid the cthers. Us. L.
HALL, Carpinteria, Cala.

TO EXCHANGE.—Six hundred Allen and
Ginter’s cigarette pictures, some arrowheads
and an Indian pipe. Also the Washington and
Beauties of the world albums. Make offer.
WILKES MADISON, Charlie Hope, Va.

TO EXCHANGEH.—European eggs in sets,
also No. 666. Wanted 348. 254, 1, 2, 357, 666a, and
others. HARRY SARGENT, 399 Lexington
Ave.. New York, N. Y.

TO EXCHANGE—A Collection of 500 Fossils,
Minerals. Relics and Curios for good Foreign
and U. S. Stamps. J.C. WALTERS, 313 N. 13
St., Richmond, Indiana.

WANTED TO EXCHANGHE.—E£lectric Scarf
Pins and Electric Bell Outfits, for rare eggs in
sets. Send lists and stamp for prices. FRED
JONES, P. O. Box No. 54, Martins Ferry, Ohio.

WANTED.—Photo. camera and outfit. For
exchange I have Birds’ Eggs, Skins, mounted
birds, Deer heads, magic lantern, pair foils and
gloves. ‘‘Minot’s Land and Game Birds,”
“Davie’s Kee Check List,” and vols. of ‘YOUNG
OoLoGis?,”“OOLOGIsr”’ and O.and O. HOWARD
H. McADAM, Oak Bay, Charlotte Co.. N. B.

PAIR RED-TAILED Hawks for good shot
gun or first-class sets with data; 2nd-class eggs
for first-class. A. V. THOMSON, Decorah, Ia.

GOOD OFFER!—Will give an extra good of-
fer of first or second-class eggs of Cal., fora
Tifle 44 or 45 gauge. Make offers at once. O. J.
ZAHN, 427 8. Hope St., Los Angeles, Cala.

TO EXCHANGE.—First-class California
birds’ eggs in sets and singles for books on Nat-
ural History. Send list of Books. Address,
EDMUND HELLER, Riverside, Calif.

_ TO EXCHANGEK.—Vitty varieties of fine cab-
inet minerals, for eggs in sets, including Lilac

,; Wernerite, Wernerite xld, Chiastolite xld,
| Greeny Talc, etc. GEO. L. BRIGHAM, Bolton,
ass.

TO EXCHANGE.—‘Sheridan’s Troopers on
the Border” (new), 82 numbers of ‘‘The Youth’s
Companion,” 19 numbers of “Century.” 2 years’
numbers of OoLoGisr (789, °90), for first-class
Birds’ eggs. Address, H. G. BARNARD, Pop-
lar Riége, Cayuga Co., N. Y.

FOR SALE cr EXCHANGE.—A collection
of &10 stamps valued at $25. Will take $19
(nineteen) in ex. or $13 cash. What offered.
Address, ERNEST H. LEE, Covington, Ga.

EXCHANG#.—History of American Priva-
teers for Maynara’s Eggs of North American
Birds. History of England for Davie’s Nests
and Eggs of North American Birds. Letters
ans Wercd: ELMER WEBSTER, Hast Jaffrey.

TO EXCHANGE.—A 22-cal. rifile for the best
offer of first-class birds’ eggs. A good fife, a
miniature steamboat and a magic iantern for
the best offer of climbing irons, strapped. R.
S$. LOUDON, Big Rapids, Mich.

TO EXCHANGH.—120 Foreign and United
States stamps, with Album. for best cffer in 22
or 32 Calibre single-action revolver. CHAS.
HOUSES, 209 Jennings Ave., Cleveland, O.

TO EXCHANGEH.—International Postage
Stamp Album and 1252 stamps, all different.
And a Baltimore No. 4 printing press with one
font of type. and foot ball, for first-class eggs in
sets or singles. R. H. THOMPSON, 1109 St.
Paul St., Baltimore, Ma.

TO EXCHANGE.—$15 worth of bird skins
for good Central fire rifle. Send description of
rifle and receive list. Letters answered.
JOHN L. HOOPER, Lake Mills, Wis. ;

TO EXCHANGE,—F¥irst-class Birds’ Eggs,
for other eggs. Send your lists and receive
mine. E. WILKINSON, 7% W. Bloom St,,
Mansfield, Ohio.

THE OOLOGIST.

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued.

TO EXCHANGE.—‘Baltimorean”’ Printing

Press, No. 9. with outfit; also “Harper’s Young
People” tor 1888, for birds’ eggs; sets preferred.
WALTON MITCHELL, 534 Summit Avenue,
Saint Paul, Minnesota.

COUES’ KEY, 3rd edition, new, 6.00; Weod-
eraft, new, -75; Davie’s Manual, fair condition,
40; Mississippi Valley Report, .75; English

Sparrow Report, .50; large lot cf Books and |

first-class eggs; Hawk, Owls, etc., exchange
jor anything useful. W. INGRAM, Odin, His.

FOR. EXCHANGE.—First-class eggs in sets
with data of 666a, for other first-class eggs in
sets with data, Send your list stating number
of eggs in sets. WARD AMES, JrR., 214 Ist
Ave. Kast, Duluth, Minn.

FOR EXCHANGE.—Oregon Bird Skins, for

other skins and eggs. Correspondence solicited | Colt’s four-barreled “pepp
from ail working ornithologists. Will also ex- | light roadster bicycle. 52 in»

change skins for books.
Sweet Home, Oregon.

TO EXCHANGE.—The following eggs in
sets, Ridge. Num.: 204, E. S.. 11, 1538, 251, 460,
278, 258a, 145, for single eggs; also cigarette pie-

tures to exchange. Atl tetters answered. G. }

J. KEMPEN, in care of Herkels. Austin, Tex.

Minerals. Shells, Indian and War Relics, Coins,
Medats, Fokens, Stanrps, Colonial Continental,
U. S. and Confederate, Money, Curiosities, etc.,
for same. KE. M. HAIGHT, Box #4, Riverside,
Calif.

WILL EXCHANGE.—Pods of the Maguolia |

wumberetata 4 to 5 inches tong. Rare fossils
and Confederate Money and other Relics, for
large Spears, Pipes and other Relics or for Dry
Goods. G. N. ROBINETTE, Flag Pond, Va.

FOR EXCHANGE.—A collection of first-class
eges in sets with data, value $16.00; will ex-

change for a good double-barreisd shot gun, }

either breech or muzzle jJoader, or fora good
32-calibre rifle. A. B. ROBERTS, Weymouth,
Medina Co., Cnio-

WANTED.—Collectors allover U. S., Canada
and Mexico to collect Insects, Butterflies and
Moths for me the coming summer; will give
good pay in all kinds of Natural History Spéci-
mens. For particulars address, W. E. SNY-
DER, Beaver Dam. Wis.

TO EXCHANGE,—Fifty classified European
beetles for aS many classified American ones,
or any other offer in Fossils or Eggs. C. L.
HALL, Carpinteria, Cal. i

I WILL EXCHANGE.—A Detective Camera,
4 x 5 inch plate, with complete outfit. including
dry-plates, Sensitized paper, printing frame, 2
rubber trays and all the chemicals and solu-
tions, etc., for the best ofier of birds’ eggs in
sets with data.. Hawk and Owl eggs preferred.
All answered. Write quick because yours may
be the accepted offer. J. W. P. SMITHWICK,
Sans:Souci, N. C

TO ANY PERSON sending me 25¢e worth of
first class eggs or other specimens I willsend
complete instructions for embalming and
OUT birds. R. C. ALEXANDER, Stark,

ich.

. WANTED.—<A live Barred or Great Horned
Owl. Address, W. J. SIMPSON, 91 Park Row,
New York City.

EXCHANGE NOTICE.—Birds’ Eggs, Skins, }POST-PAID, FOR 1.10 EAS i

‘J.P. BABBITT, -

| TAMARACK CONES

WANTED.—To purchase first-class skins for
eash. Parties having same will please send
list. State whether male or female, adult or
young bird aud enciose stamp for reply.
JAMES P. BABBITT, 10 Hodges Ave., Taun-
ton, Mass.

FOR BEXCHANGE.—A 1 skins or mounted
specimens of the Ring-necked or Mongolian
Pheasant for A 1 eggsin sets with data. Cor-
respondence solicited. A. G PRILL, M. D-.
Box 11, Sweet Home, Oregon.

TO EXCHANGE.—Firsi-class. well mounted
named Coleoptera. for insects of all orders. es-

} pecially Hemiptera and Hymenoptera, Birds”

Eges {singles} for same. Send lists. © EF.
BAKER, St Croix Falls, Wis.

COLLECTION valued at 4150. (Sets with
nests and data); Compound microscope, with
three powers, 2, 75 and 200 diameters, Im black-
Walnut case, pair climbing ~ cid-fashioned

pistes. Victor

LER A. dition.

DR. A. G. PRILU, | with cyclometer. luggage carrier, bell. | eelips.
whistle, tools, etc.. to exe” for offers: will

sell bicycle and fittings for - 4. VHITE-

HEAD, Westfield, N. J.
ONE DOX. BIAVAVAYS
ON NICE S87 3D6
[(O CLOSE OUR
A bargain for ere one.
Taunivi, Mass.

A FINE COLLECTION OF CONES.
From the Head Waters of the Mississippi River

‘NORWAY PINE CONES _ 5c each, 25¢ per doz.
| JACK PINE CONES.______.2 for 5c, 15¢ 3"

SPRUCE PINE CONES..3 for5c, 10¢
8e se

Stamps taken, post-paid, address

GEO. BATEMAN,
Park Rapids, Minr.

A JOB LOT.

We have just purchased of the
manufacturers at less than actual
cost of plating, a lot of gold and sil-
ver piated charm rules, size and
—jgraduations are as illustrated. We
SJhave less than 75 all toid and until
Feb. 15th (unless sold before) we
will mail them prepaid at the fol-
lowing low rates:

o
n

Silver Plated 15c regular price fie
Gold ae 20675. KP ibe
FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y*
}
Wood Engraving

—FOR—
NATURALISTS
AND OTHERS.

GOOD WORK,
LOWEST PRICES.

Correspondence Solicited
H. A, CARHART,
dyr Syracuse, N, Y.

Pe ee ee

THE OOLOGIST.

the
Chicago
Daily News

OGRE Raleies
INDEPENDENT
NEWSPAPER.
MAILED.
POSTPAID,
FOR $3.00
PER YEAR OR
25 CENTS —
PER MONTH.
MO
OUGHT TO

Read
A Chicago
Daily Paper.

|

| A BARGAIN IN BIRDS’ SKINS.

Have about 175 skins nearly all first-class.
will seli the lot for $20.06 cask send for lists.

| Address all inyuiries to

i H. L. MERRITT,

| Box 116 Chatham Ont.

A Household Necessity.
| Every paper we take up tells the
same story: HomrureErs’ SPECIFICS
have become «@ heuseheld necessity. A
CASE of them in the house often saves
hundreds of doliars ia dector’s bills.

|
i.
|

2
i
|

t

pean De catned atour NEW Tineoft work,
Yay vapidly and honorably, by these of
i either sex, young or old, and in their
‘ FE A own localities, wherever they ive. Any
: Ss A 2 © one can (lo the svork. asy to learn.
We furnish everything. We start vou. No visk. You can devote
your spare nsoments, or all your time to the work. ‘Thisis an
entirely new lead,and briags wonderful success to every worker,
Beginners are earning from $25 to $50 per week and upwards,
} and more after a little experience. Wecan furnish you the em-
| ployment and teach you FREE. No space to explain here. Fuli
} anformation PREM. Ee WE .& €@Q., AUGUSTA, MAINE.
i

i
‘
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THE OOLOGIST.

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VOL. VIII.

ALBION N. Y., JAN., 1891.

QOLOGIS T=

—$———_______

No. 1

A Day Among the Fish Hawks.

Lying to the north of the main land
of Mathews County, (Va.,) less than a
mile distant, is Gwynn’s Island, the
ereater portion of which, being cleared
land, is in cultivation; the southern
part, however, is a swampy low-land
with extensive tracts of marsh, densely
covered with flags, bull-rushes, and
other grasses common to salt marshes;
here and there are small ponds of stag-
nant water, while other portions are
daily submerged by the flowing tide.
Thus a most excellent breeding ground
is afforded for several species of the
family, Rallidae, such as the Clapper
and Sora Rails, and others; also there
may be found breeding in this locality,
Marsh Wrens, Sharp-tailed and Seaside
Sparrows. The Rails being in good
demand for the table, are much dis-
turbed by the sportsman about this
season, consequently, comparatively
few are left to breed. Farther up the
island, adjoining these lowlands are
wooded tracts, consisting chiefly of
pine, with a profuse undergrowth of
myrtle and gall bushes, making it at
times almost impenetrable. Here, too,
is furnished a summer home, unsur-
passed, for that grand bird, American
Osprey, which breed in great numbers
on the island. Then again, along the
high sandy beach, to the eastward, a
favorite resort is found for the Least
Tern and Piping Plover, which breed
in company with each other, though,
the former many times outnumbers the
latter. Associated with this company
is an occasional Nighthawk, whose
presence is due, perhaps, to the
myriads of mosquitoes that infest the
place, on which he is particularly fond
of feeding; also from the fact of its
being a favorable nesting site, rather
than from any disposition on his part

| to be neighborly. He is ever on hand,
| seemingly, to unite his harsh discordant

voice with the sharp deafening cries of
the Terns, which take to wing by the
hundreds upon the near approach of
anyone to their nests. Such a place
offers a fine field for the oologist as well
as the ornithologist.

It was here, with several friends, I
had the pleasure last season of visiting,
and making some investigations with
reference to bird life. f

Having made all necessary prepara-
tions the day previous, we started out
early on the morning of May the 7, ’90,
for the place. After several miles of
tramping, through fields and woods, we
came to the landing from which we
were to sail for the island. Sailing
some miles down the river, we came in
full view of the island, and what a
beautiful scene greeted our eyes this
tender spring morning! The island lay
in wide expanse before us,covered. with
its luxuriant growth of vegetation; the
various shades and tints of green and
yellow, afforded by the young foliage
which ornamented every tree and
shrub, presented a picture lovely to
behold.

The storm of the previous night had
chilled the morning air, but now as the
sun neared the zenith, the gathering
clouds were dispelled, and again the
bright gemial sunshine warmed the
atmosphere. With the azure sky above
and the silvery waters beneath, the
scene was, indeed, too grand to be
painted by any artist’s brush. Such
surroundings tended to make the oc-
casion more delightful.

Arriving at the shore, we secured our
boat on the sheltered side of a little

cove and landed. Immediately the
Fish Hawks began to sail in graceful

circles over our heads, uttering the i

plaintive Iseabri notes, “which, became

shriller
nests.

When. in the act of taking their eggs
fi “om. the) nest, they often sweep sud-
denly., down as if aiming, directly. for
you,, but, , changing their course when a
few yards, above your head, fly. off to
repeat the same movements.

Before us In every direction, could be

seen their roughly constructed, domi-
giles, iuvariably~ placed,.in the pine
TEeeS. by }
_ Eager, to, know Ww hat luck awaited us,
we pressed through the thie ik under:
growth, with ..egg- box. and .climbers
strapped, on, and hastened, to.ascend,
Nearly all the nests, contained fresh
eggs, but sometimes ,a hard climb, was
rewarded jwith, disappointment; then
again, in another nest would be two.or
three, rarely. four, beantifully marked
eggs, which .would more than compen-
sate for the loss of the first.,

Their nests are, huge structures. of
lange sticks, seaweeds, corn, stalks, or
most any kind of rubbish. The mater:
lals are put compactly together, and
are sufficiently strong to beara person’s
weight. The top surface of the nest,
which measures about two and. half feet
aweross, is perfectly flat with a small
depression in the center large enough
to hold the eggs. After the young are
hatched, they remain upon this flat
surface for several months, until they
are large enough to fly.

As we had done considerable elimb-
ing, and the day being well ady: anced,
we set down to rest, at the same time
not forgetting to respond to the de-
mands within, by partaking neartily of
a tempting repast which had been pre-
pared for the oecasion. | Such a diver-
sion from the past three hours’ work
was by no means objectionable, as any
who have had a like experience can
attest. Being now refreshed, we, re-
sumed our work with renewed energy,
until the’ number of setswas increased

on too clane Beare their

a, 4 a Te a i

.to. twenty-five. As the sun had now
begun. to descend toward. the. western
horizon, with. reluctant stéps, we fe-
traced our way back to the boat, which

| we had left in the mor ning, and getting
}aboard, we bade adieu to our feathered

friends, who.had treated us so hospita-
bly during the'day..’ Notwithstanding,
their scolding utterances seemedto in-

dicate o-that! > we were Wethenire: °
SHesteol VymBWwe 6 BE 1 [dey
Returning: cente & ieacaieds i ee tie
| shores, some! ‘eggs of. the Kingfisher,

Green Heron, andoBank Swallow.
“Reaching ‘home: at istuset) tired, but
much ‘pleased! with the suceessy of the
day, and’ being favorably invpressed iby
thé ‘pleasant expericnces—not soento
be’ forgottenwe were ‘quite sere
Mu LA eee lop reposelishH vifmrsi
reMe iQ. ate
“ Mithews ee Vin. on
bres hate aa = eee ts dais ly
The Marsh Wrens in Hudson Co, Nid)
(Cistothorus palustris and Cistothorus
stelloris. ) pad

The Long-billed Marsh Wren ‘isan
abundant summer resident in all the
marshes throughtout this county (Hud-
son). Arriving during the latter end of
May, its gurgling song may be heard
throughout the breeding season which
lasts about from the first of June to the
last of July. The song is a gureling
sound somewhat similar to the House
Wren’s; thus, reel, leel, leel, repeated
about nine times in quick succession,
winding up with a /eelt.

The earliest find of eges that came to
my notice was an incompleted set of
five taken May 80, 1890. -

The latest a set of six taken for me
was July 17, 1889.

They usually aoa in colonies of
small or greater exten

The nests being a baie structure
with an entrance on ove side, composed
of sedges on the ontside and finer gras-
ses within, ‘lined? With any soft mater:

THE OOLOGIST. | 5

ials at hand, such as hair, feathers,
string, cotton, waste, etc.

The domiciles are attached to upright
Swaying reeds, also being placed ina
kind of bush that grows along the
‘borders of salt creeks in meadows here-
abouts.

The nests are usually placed about
from 24 to 4 feet from the ground. I
Saw one placed not more than one foot
from the ground in short grass.

The eggs are from six to ten in num-
ber and are quite variable in color some
pale and others deep chocolate brown,
sometimes nearly uniform, again evenly
Spotted with dark brown, sometimes
forming a confluent ring about the
larger end.

The eggs of C. Stelloris are pure
white, the nest corresponding to C.
palustrus, except being neater, and
lined with vegetable down, mostly that
of the cat-tail.

The Short-billed Marsh Wren is quite
rare in this locality.

Found a nest of this species June 16,
1889, situated in the midst of reeds, and
was attached to the same.

J. LUHRMAN,
Jersey City, N. J.

>

Now,—The Time to Wage War on tke
English Sparrows.

It is an already we.l recognized fact,
that the English Sparrow is one of the
evils which are‘'driving the number of
our native birds, and driving them
‘far from the haunts of men,’ inas-
much as the English Sparrow makes
the haunts of man his special breeding
place.

Much has been said about abating
this evil, but as yet little or nothing
seems to have been done. Has _ the
time not yet come, to act? Winter is
at hand, when wein the north wil]
have but few birds with us. At this
time the English Sparrow presents a
very? conspicuous figure making it a
favorable opportunity tojdestroy him.

Now if all our bird students who
agree that the English Sparrow is too
numerous would shoot, during the win-
ter, as many as possible, would not the
difference in numbers be a welcome
discovery for our returning birds in the
spring?

If this were practiced yearly, it could
not fail to place a great check on the
increase of the English Sparrow. If
we each of us complain of the evil
wrought by the English Sparrow, and
yet each one, anxious that some one
else. should do something, fails to make
a step ourself, how can we expect that
the trouble will be abated?

I think if we were to get up a compe-
tition to see who this. winter should
kill the most Sparrows (English
of course), it might be a means of in-
creasing the number which would be
destroyed.

I should like to hear the opinions of
others on this subject.

In the Jan. 1889 OoLocist, Mr. Clute
gave an interesting article on the
“Birds of Broome County,’’ with the
suggestion that the example be followed
by one from each of the other counties
of this and other states. This was done
to a certain extent by one or two and
the matter dropped.

Now the question is why was this
dropped? As farjas they went, the
articles were very interesting, even to
those not in the same locality with the
writer.

If continued, as suggested by Mr.
Clute, I should think his would form a
very interesting ornithology, showing,
as it would, how birds common in one
part of a state were yet unknown ina
different locality of the same state.

B.S. BownvisH,
Phelps, N. Y.

Nesting of the Downy Woodpecker (Dryo-
bates pubescens) in Kalamazoo County.
Mich.

Although this bird is common in

Be : THE OOLOGIST.

spring and fall, but few pairs seem to
remain to breed. My first opinion was,
that it rarely, if ever, bred in this
county, partly because I was led to
believe so by our older oologists. My
first nest was found in May, 1886, and
contained four young birds. The cav-
ity was about 15 feet from the ground
and the stub itself looked as it had been
the cradle for several broods in pre-
ceeding years. I left the stub deter-
mined to visit it the next season. On
May 16, 1887, I went to it and found
the bird on but thought it best to leave
it another week. On the 23rd I cut it
open and found five nearly fresh eggs.
The hole was 9 feet from the ground
and was drilled out where the stub
was rotten and spongy.

My next nest was found on June 14
1888. It was in a dead limb that ran
obliquely from the body of a live ash
tree. It contained five eggs in an ad-
vaneed state of incubation. These dif-
fer from any I have ever seen being of
a dull white without the usual gloss.
Later in the same year I found a nest
with young birds in a poplar stub that
would hardly stand alone and so could
not get up to see the young birds but
could hear them plainly enough and
see the old ones carrying food to them.

On the 13th of May, 1890, while out
for Marsh Hawks’ nests, I saw a bird
go into a hole in a poplar stub, but
thought best to leave it until later. On
the 2ist I visited it and found, to my
great surprise as well as joy, contain-
ing seven eggs. (A good egg story it
may seem, but it is true nevertheless
and ean be proven.) The cavity was
about 20 feet from the ground and the
stub more solid than those usually oe-
cupicd. On blowing these eggs one
was addled and the other six far ad-
vanced in incubation.

While going by the same stub on
June 14th, I stopped and rapped and to
my surprise again a head popped out of
a hole higher up than the other. This

contained three eggs slightly incubated.
Although I did not measure it I think
this hole was at least 25 feet from the
ground. The cavity was very shallow
from having been made in a hurry.
These with another set taken by Mr.
Harry H.Pomeroy are the only ones I
know of taken in the county.
R.B. WESTNEDGE.

American Sparrow Hawk.
(Falco sparvertus.)

The American Sparrow Hawks (Falco
sparverius) are the smallest of the
genus Faleo resident in this country.
Here they may be found in certain
sections throughout the year; in others
they appear as migrants, or in the
breeding season only. Apparently
they exhibit little partiality in selecting
their summer homes; and those localit-
ies are few where the diligent observer
fails to meet with the nest and eggs of
this species. Probably, as a whole,
they are the commonest of our hawks,
and unquestionably one of the most
interesting.

While this species do not assume so
defiant and even belligerent spirit,
when molested, as do some of their
larger kin, nevertheless their decided
activity at such times has, no doubt,
caused the amateur oologist to alter his
intentions for the time being, at least

When their nesting place is ap-
proached, they appear greatly agitated,
frequently darting about uncomfortably
near the intruder, uttering simultan-
eously, a harsh ery, unpleasant to the
ear, peculiar, yet difficult of descrip-
tion. Although ornithologists as a
rule, agree that they show little dispo-
sition to attack, when disturbed, still
on one oceasion the writer was momen-
tarialy deterred from accomplishing his
object, by their persistent warlike ma-
neuvers.

This proceeding, however, was of
short duration, lasting only so long as

THE OOLOGIST. T

a spirit of hestitancy was shown on his
part.

For the benefit of those who are not
familiar with this bird, I will quote the
following from ‘‘Minot’s Land and
Game Birds of New England’’:

About eleyen inches long. Crown,
ashy-blue, usually with a chestnut
patch of varying size. Head, otherwise
white, with generally seven large black
markings, including one on the nape.
Tail, often surrounded by white; and
broadly (sub-) tipped with black.
Primaries, etc., black with imperfect
white bars. Otherwise:—female, brown
above, becoming chestnut on the tail,
nearly everwhere black-barred. Be-
neath, white; breast (often buffy or
reddish, and) streaked with black (and
brown). Male, smaller, and with few
or no black bars or streaks. Wing
¢eoverts, ashy-blue (sometimes spotted
with black). ;

From the above description the ident-
ity of the bird in hand must be readily
established.

The flight of the Sparrow Hawk is
weak as compared with others: indeed
it is never long-continued, but rather
at short intervals, and rarely at a great
heighth. One may at favorable times
observe them gracefully skimming over
the fields and meadow lands in quest of
food, which latter consists of small
quadrupeds, birds and—I am told—in-
sects. Often they may be seen pounc-
ing upon their prey with great celerity,
from the lofty branches of a tree, or
other suitable positions.

Except in rare instances, they select
for a nesting-place a natural cavity ina
tree, or an abandoned excavation of |
some of the larger species of wood-
peckers. Here, sometimes on a lining
of coarse material, often on none except
that existing already, four or five eggs
are deposited. While the latter can be
distinguished at a glance, still the var-

jation of even the eggs of a set is often
very marked, both in respect to size,
and color. |

The extremes of a set of five in my
possession present the following meas-
urements: 1.44 x 1.12 of an inch, and
1.85 x 1.09 of an inch. The ground-

color in these differs from greyish-
white in some, to a sort of buff in
others. One specimen is marked rather

coarsely with dark brown evenly dis-
tributed over the surface; another is
heavily splashed, and blotched with
umber on the smaller end, while the
greater portion of the egg is very
sparsely spotted with a lighter shade;
still another is finely and thickly dotted
with cinnamon so as to almost conceal
the background of dirty-white.

Although the Sparrow Hawks may,
in certain respects, be of service to
mankind, this is more than offset by
their terrible destruction of the smaller,
and far more useful birds. It is for this
latter reason that little protection
should be accorded them by the true
ornithologist.

Notwithstanding their faults, how-
ever, one cannot but admire their
pluck, and almost reckless courage,
their fondness of home, and their great
attachment for particular localities,
although repeatedly disturbed.

AN OBSERVER,
Conn.

Annas Humming Bird.
(Trochilus anna.)

One day in the middle of May [ went
trout fishing along a little mountain
stream, but not having very good suc-
cess, I turned my attention to hunting
bird nests.

I had proceeded but a short distance
when I heard a buzz close to my head,
and upon looking up saw a neat little
nest of the Anna’s Hummingbird, which
contained two eggs. After a hunt of
about two hours I felt satisfied to return
home without any trout, but with five
nice sets of Hummers and several of
other species.

THE OOLOGIST.

All these nests were built on twigs
either hanging over or very near the,
creek.

One nest was built in a bush only a.
couple of feet from the ground.

In most cases I was attracted to the
nest by the bird either,flying around or
to it.

I have fifteen nests, three of which
are made entirely of willow down and
the down from the backs of sycamore |
leaves. Twelve are composed of the
same; but covered with lichens to make
the likeness of it and the branch or
leaves more complete.

The nests have spider webs around
_ them and are fastened to the twigs with
them.

The average size of sixteen eggs in
my collection is .51 x .33 and a nest
measures about 1.67 wide, 1. high and
.50 deep in the inside.

It would be quite difficult to find
their nests if it was not that the Hum-
mer generally flew around you and
then to her nest, or attracted your at-
tention in some other way.

Freep A. SCHNEIDER,
College Park, California.

>_< >-_—+—

Was it a Cowbird’s Nest?

Having read A. L. Thorne’s article in
Noy. Ooxroaist, I will contribute some
notes which I have on that subject.
About June 1, 1889, as J was penetrat-
ing a thicket similar to that mentioned
by Mr. Thorne, I heard the scolding
voice of the Yellow-breasted Chat a

short distance ahead. Upon advancing
slowly and as still as possible, I saw the
Chat sitting by the nest and evidently
much disturbed by something there.
As I approached nearer I discovered a
Cowbird sitting near and evidently
waiting for a chance to lay an egg.
Upon going to the nest I found it to
contain one egg which I left for further
investigation. Upon going a few feet
further I found a nest of the American

Redstart containing two eggs and one:
of the Cowbird’s.

The resemblance between. the Cow--
bird’s egg and the egg in the Chat’s:
nest was striking. Theonly difference:
being a slight one in the ground color.
Of course then I was uncertain whether’
the egg in the Chat’s nest was an egg of
the Chat or the Cowbird. After think-
ing I resolved to blow them both and.
keep for study. Upon blowing them I
noticed the yolk of the egg in the Chat’s.
nest was much brighter in color than
that of the egg in the Redstart’s nest.
Also that the ground color of one took
on a bluish tint when the yolk was
taken out, while the other kept its pink
ground color.

Now of course the bird that laid in
the Redstart’s nest was a Cowbird, and
as the other egg varied as Davie says
eggs of such birds as the Chat, Towhee,
Oven-bird, etc., will from eggs of the
Cowbird, I* checked an egg of the Chat
and since then my experience has
proved this to be a good test.

Now as Mr. Thorne’s nest in position
and construction would seem to bea
Chat’s nest also, is it not probable that
a majority of the eggs were those of the
Chat?

I think so, and I also think that a.
comparison of the yolks when blown
would have enabled him to pick out the
Cowbird’s egg if she had left one.

Ernest H. SHORT,
Chili, N. Y.

And in looking over my Noy. OoLo-
cist I notice Mr. A. L. Thorne’s note
of the nests and eggs of the Cowbird.

I should like to make a suggestion in
regard to this. As the eggs of the Cow-
bird often so closely resemble those of?
the Brown Thrasher, and also as the
nest described was similar to that of
the Thrasher, might it not have been a,
nest of this bird?

B.S. BowpisH,
Phelps, N. Y,

oer: ee Cette 9

otheeBut: 4he’ natal ‘Of May! 1888,
ROBE: Walking through a Gédar thicket
looking abott for’ birds” nests, my at-
tention was attr: acted by’a'smiall nest in
a” dwart cédax. © On closet examination
it proved to be that of a Field Sparrow
(Spizella piselln): contilining three eggs.
Just as I wa’ aboiit to’ remove them I
noticed | ‘a bivd, “doubtless one ‘of the
parents, “hanging fiom ‘the edgé of the
nest ‘by a piece of ‘horse hair about
eight inches long.
dead- ‘and appeared fo have been so
several hours. “As the hair seemed to
be part of the lining of the nest prob-
ably the bird whilst setting had in some
way entangled - its) head in it, and in
its efforts to break away been strangled.
Although I remained-for some time ip
the mellhinen hood the mate did not put
in an appearance, possibly heing
ignorant of the accident. I regret very

much that Iwas notable to dissect the |

dead bird. in order to determined its

SeX,
dl. EP. dR.
Balto., Md.

> <> > +

Florida Red Shouldered Hawk.
(Buteo lineatus Alleni,)

This is the most Conimon hawk in the
vicinity, being seen on almost any
bright day sailing high up in the sky.

Its flight is even and graceful and
rivals that of the Vultures.

The nest of this species is a large
pay, affair composed of sticks large
and small. It is generally lined with
leaves, generally green, and moss from
the same tree in which it is placed.
Sometimes a few feathers from the
breast of the parent are placed in it.

It is generally placed in the large
forks of a pinoak from. 25 to 50 feet
from the grouud.

The number of eggs laid ranges from

2 to 4. The latter being the more
frequent number. —

2:9 wd aah
spans i 0 = Broun” COO”

“The bird was ‘stone |"

(yy

pon ce a
“ard markings of
‘OD some

the! eggs ‘vary a grént déal.

the eggs have a ground color of white

or creamy white spotted and blotched
with’ roufous brown, ‘while’ in’ others
the ground color and tharkings are so
confused’ as’ ‘to’ be indistinguishable.
Some’ others are nearly white vite the
brown spots on them very small.
“They nest ii the dense’ bottom land
bordering the streams.’ ~ “5 i}
The date ‘being’ from the last of Fel-
ruar y to the} Ast of ‘April: A tM
“I found. one set. of partly ine ubated
eggs on March 15th, while on April
16th I found a set of frésh eggs. i
Like all ‘other birds of this‘family it
is a bird of prey, and many a poor
chicken is sacrificed to satisfy his hun
ger and that of his little ones. They
are Very affectionate parents and keep
their young pientifully supplied with
food. They also: protect them in time
of danger.
Knox, Lee Co., Tex.

——_________—__ >_< =>.

An Owl’s Tenacity to Life,

On September 7th. I and two com-
panions were huuting in the mountains,
about 8 miles from this city, in some
thick timber. One of my companions
had a 22-cal. rifle with him. Isawa
Great Horned Owl in a big pine tree

near by. I took the rifie and without

|drawing a bead on it I pulled the trig-

I was awarded by seeing the Owl
The dog ran to it but the owl
stood him off by getting under a few
twigs of a fallen tree. When we got
down to where the Owl was we found
the bullet had broken its wing. AsJ
wanted to mount it, I tried to kill it by
driving nails into its brain. This plan
not being able to kill him, my compan-
ion shot it in the head and another shot
in the breast. This not making any
difference we concluded to choke it to
death. We could have killed it by eut-
ting its throat but this would have got
blood on its plumage so we ‘took a strap

ger.
fall.

10

THE OOLOGIST.

ce

and made a slip noose and put it
around its neck and pulled it as tight as
we could. This was about 9 o’clock a.
m., and we carried it till 7p. m. in the
same way. On arriving home we took
off the strap and in about 5 minutes it
jumped up and began to run along the
ground. We put a small chain and strap
on one of his legs and put it out where
the grain was kept. He made himself
fat on mice for about three weeks,
when we removed him to the other
boy’s home. He lived till Thanksgiv-
ing and then died. JI skinned him and
have him mounted. It is a fine speci-
men. According to some accounts this
owl must have had a dozen lives, more
or less. I have coliected a number of
eggs in this locality.
JOEL. A. HARRINGTON,
Butte, Montana.

Western Horned Owl.
(Bubo virginianus subarcticus.)

This large owl is very abundant in
this vicinity. It nearly resembles Bu-
bo virginianus in color except that it is
of a somewhat lighter shade, and in
size is about the same. Catowl is the
term applied to this owl in this vicinity
as is also Chicken Owl, probably the
latter from its frequent visits to hen
roosts. A great many are shot by the
farmer while on the raids. and of course
thrown away. I know of no less than
twelve shot the past weck, but heard of
it too late to secure or save only a few
from being thrown away. ‘The Owls
seem very domestic (2) here, coming
and alighting on the roof of my house
in the center of the village. On Noy.
28th a large Owl was seized with one of
the domestic (?) ideas and suddenly
dropped on my roof with such force

and noise that it awoke me, and on go-.

ing out Tsaw him plainly, walking to
and fro over the shingles, surveying
the back yard, probably with an idea of

and flew, but not far, for he soon lit on
terra firma, by a charge of No. 8 shot
from my gun. This specimen measured
26 in. in length and 62 alar spred.

This Owl breeds as Iam told only a
short distance from this place in a deep
fir grove, as nests were found there
last spring. One Feb. 20, 1890, while
out nesting near Salem, Or., I accident-
ly found a nest of this bird in a high
slim fir containing two eggs. Meas-
urements as follows: 2.24 x 1.60 and.
2.20 x 1.80, and of a dirty white color,
with incubation slightly advanced.
Nest made of coarse sticks and lined
With green fir twigs about 60 feet from
the ground.

A. G. Pritz, M. D.
Sweet Home, Or.

Albino Eggs.

I had heard a great deal about Albino
eggs and so was on the look out for
them. I pounded every stump and
climbed every apple-tree that had a
Woodpecker’s hole in it, in hopes of
finding a set of white eggs of the Blue-
bird.

A friend of mine found a Bluebird’s
nest with two white eggs in it and left
them in order to get a full set. On return-
ing the third day he found the nest de-
stroyed and the eggs broken. I kept
close watch in those woods but the pair
did not nest again.

The next year I was more successful.
On the first day of June while working
near the woods I noticed a pair of Blue-
birds making a great fuss near an old
stump about three feet high: I went
and looked into a hole in the top of the
stump and there was a nest with tive
white eggs in it.

Some writer in speaking of finding a
set of white eggs, says the female bird
was very dark blue hardly distinguish-
able from the male, Remembering
this I caught the female on the nest

chickens, but just then he spied me | and examined her very closely; she was

THE OOLOGIST.

11

no different in any respect only darker
blue than the female Bluebirds gener-
ally are. On letting her go I could
hardly tell her from the male bird.

Whether this has anything to do
with the coloring of the eggs or not I
don’t know, but I do know that the
same pair of birds rebuilt the nest in
the same stump, laid four blue eggs
and raised four blue birds.

This was the first and only set of
albino eggs I ever found; they were the
same shape and size of the average
Bluebirds’ eggs only a pure glossy
white.

BR. CA
Wayne Co., Mich.

An Afternoon with the Birds.

It is the middle of May when, ona
bright and pleasant afternoon I call the
great hound near at hand, and leaving
the little farmhouse by the roadside,
ramble off towards the distant forest.
All nature is at her brighest to-day.
The fast ripening wheat as it waves in
the breeze, the scent of flowers, the dis-
tant call of birds, the warm, balmy air,
everything is beautiful.

As I cross the sweet scented meadow
which lies between myself and the
woods, my dog bounds joyfully ahead
barking, and chasing the pretty
meadow-larks which he frightens from
their nests. I stop to examine and to
wonder at the ingenuity displayed in
the bird’s attempt to conceal its nest
from the watchful eye of the crow and
jay. How cunningly are the leaves and
erass-blades drawn and matted over
that hollow in the ground, and how
neatly is the interior of the nest lined
with the finer grass, to make a soft
nesting-place for the four spotted eggs
which are soon to burst forth into life
and activity.

But the parent bird is impatient to
come back to her nest, so I wander on,
down by the pond with the gentle kine

standing knee deep in it, stopping only
to look at the curious nest of the Red-
winged Blackbird, swung like a ham-
mock between three tall cat-tails grow-
ing on the edge of the water; onward I
go, and at last leaving the great blazing
sun behind, I enter the cool dark
woods:
“the thick roof

Of green and stirring branches alive

And musical with birds that sing and sport
. In wantonness of spirit; while below

The squirrel, with raised paws and form erect

Chirps merrily.”

A rabbit springs away from beneath
my feet and my dog gives chase, his
loud bark growing fainter and fainter
as pursuer and pursued disappear in
the distance. Over head some crows,
disturbed by the noise, take flight, caw-
ing hoarsely, and flapping their heavy
wings. Presently quiet is restored; my
dog returns panting from his unsuccess-
ful chase, and I gently reprove him for
disturbing Nature in such unseemly
fashion. He looks into my face with
an intelligent gaze, almost human,shin-
ing out his honest brown eyes, as I talk
to him, then, as I throw myself down
on a mossy bank by the brook, he lies
at my feet ready, at a word, to proceed
on our way. Everything is still; only
the leaves rustle, as the gentle summer
wind shakes them in the tree tops.

As I am resting here, there comes,
borne on the wind. the mournful notes
of the dove, two long notes, followed
by three short ones. How distant it
sounds; yet the bird is in that thorn
tree, only a short distance off. But its
melancholy notes are drowned by the
harsh cries of two blue jays, who, una-
ware of the presence of human beings,
fall to the ground, fighting fiercely.
They flutter along scattering the bright
blue feathers to the wind, but the
hound, before I can stop him, dashes at
them, and they fly away. Then another
sound breaks the stillness, coming from
a little open place among the trees. It
is the eall of the American Quail:—Bob

12

White! Bob white! Teatnnen its, eall, .
dvaw it nearer and nearer until, catch-
ing sight of me, it takes flight witha
sudden whirring of wings.
High in the air over: the tree- fae
sail a pair of hawks, dim specks in the
blue of the sky.
deserted sugar-
deserted in the spring-time, when the
sap begins to run. The calls of jays,
thrushes, finches, mingle with the

samp, which will not be

hoarser notes of the crow and deeper in |

the forest the tat-tat-tat of the wood-
pecker is heard. How industrious they
are pecking away as though theiplives
depended on their efforts; stopping
only to cock their heads on one side,
to examine their work, before recom-
mencing.

There in that thorn bush, I hear faint
chirps;—four little thrushes erying for
food, and here their parent come, with
fierce chatterings to drive me away.
Come on, pretty bird, you shall not be
harmed! I leave them, and cross the
rippling brook at my feet. Up on the
hill is an empty log cabin, long fallen
to decay.. But it still has its living in-
mates, for as 1] get nearer, out of the
window there flies a little brown bird
seeking food, for the patient wife with-
sitting so lovingly on the six white
in tbe mossy nest on the beam.
It is the Pheebe or Pewee as we call it,
that has its home in this deserted old
cabin.

But evening is coming on apace, the
sun sinks down behind the western
horizon, the birds fly quietly to their
nests, and my dog looks up in my face,
impatient to be at home.

A I leave the dusky forest behind,
from the branches of whose trees are
heard the faint chirps of sleepy birds,
back in the dimness, I hear®the loud
and clear notes of our night bird—
whip-poor-will - whip-poor-will - whip-
poor-will—(some little noise. disturbs i
and it pauses for a moment, only to
take up the broken thread of its song,

in,

Syaxey
e285,

See eee

IT wander on, past the’

Mihi

‘1 if song it cau be called:)-whip-poor;wil!-
whip-poor-will— over and. over again

for hours. The. notes pouring forth,
one after apother, have. an inexpressi-
bly mournful , sound, and yet they, are
not unpleasant to the ear,

But .the sun has ‘long been, down;
only a faint streak of red in the west
marking its path; Jights gleam. out, from
the windows of. the farmhouse; I hear
the: farmer | calling:—Co-hoss-co-boss!
and the answering low of the kine. As
L pass the, pond, the fr ogs ‘set up a uni-
versal croaking,. -almost deafening; the
bleating of sheep is heard, dar kness
settles down on every side, Natureweae
rest. ait
__SPRINGEIELD (Ills.) Boy.”

A “Good Enough’ Way to Blow Eggs.

As soon as 1 read Mr. Lockwood's

article in the Sept. 1889 OoLoersr, I got

“on to the racket,’ as his method of
blowing eggs promised to cover a great
difficulty in my case, viz.: That of
blowing eggs by ‘human labor.”

We had an old syringe but it was at
one of the neighbor's houses It was

raining, but I mounted a horse and

rode over and got the syringe, return-

ing in haste to practice on a pigeon’s
egg. The syringe was one of those con-
sisting of a bulb and two rubber tubes,
one running each way from the bulb.
At the end of one tube is a spout and
at the erd of the other is a valve to let
water in and keep it from going out
after it is,in-and the bulb is compressed.

I thought I would not follow Mr. L.’s
directions to the letter, but would first
experiment a little. So I removed the
spout and put in its place one of (Lat-
tin’s) white metal blowpipes. J fixed
the blowpipe stationary and held the
ezg with. one hand while I worked tee
bulb with the other.

After a. little practice I found that
this syringe was ‘just the thing” to

bow eggs with and that [had hit the

a

“THE OOLOGIST.

13:

best way of using it the first thing.
The force of air was so gréat that if the
bulb is quickly compressed it will burst
a hen’s egg; while by. lightly compress-
ing it one can blow the smallest egg
without breaking it,

The valve works best when the tube
hangs straight down as it is more apt to
be in the right position. I used it with
perfect success during the past season
and can safely recommend it as an ex-
eellent method. ;

I came almost forgetting to mention
that the syringe is very good for filling
the eggs with water. When [I had a lot
of eggs to blow I would blow them all
first, then fill them with water and
after emptying the syringe blow the
water out again.

Eggs can be blown through smaller
holes and in almost 2-3 less time than
by the old method. Quite large em-
bryos can also be blown out without
the aid of a hook.

Hoping others will try this method
and report I will close.

JOHN V. CRONE,
Marathon, Iowa.

A Strange Occurrence.

A few days since while talking with
ohne of the professors of the public
schools here, he told me of a nest of the
Baltimore Oriole (Jcterus. galbula),
which had fallen under his notice. The
nest was placed in a willow tree a few
feet from the ground, and was built in
the usual way. The willow ran straight
up for a few feet, then a large limb
branched off; another and a smaller
limb branched off of this one, and it
Was on this limb that the nest was

placed.

During a storm the weight of the nest
had caused the smaller limb to break
about midway between the nest and the
larger limb. ‘This caused the nest to
hang down sideways and out of shape
so that the bird could not enter. To

remedy this the bird had procured a

piece. of string which it had wound

around the smaller limb at the nest and
on the’side next the break, and in some:
way fastened. . The string was then
carried up over the larger limb and
down again. to the lower one, where it.
was drawn tight and wound around
and around and fastened. This drew
the smaller limb up to its old positiom
and left the nest so that the bird could
again enter it. The nest and limb are
now in the Richmond Ind. museum.
While out collecting I took a set.
with the nest of Wilson’s Thrush (Hylo-—
cichla fuscescens), which had a string
woven into it, then carried up to a,
limb above it, back again to the nest.
and there fastened.
ARTHUR J. BAKER,
Fortville, Ind.

The Green Heron.

The Green Heron’ does not breed iz
large numbers in this section. I have
never found over a dozen or fifteen:
nests in one place or over one nest in a.
tree.

-On May 30, 1890, a friend and I went-
on a collecting trip with the following:
results:

A set of five, slightly incubated, in a.
pine tree; a set of six, fresh, in a chest-
nut tree; two sets of five, too far ad-
vanced to take; two single eggs and
two nests with young in all; in pine:
trees.

On June 17th, we went to the same
place and got seven sets of four; a set.
of five. Some of them came from the
same nests that I took sets from before,
and one was in an oak tree. The nests:
were all the way from ten to thirty feet.
from the ground. The were all ina.

small grove at the mouth of a small.
harbor, close to Long Island Sound.

All the nests I have collected were:
near the water, and one was not over —
fifty feet from the Sound.

D. W. RAYMonD,
Norwalk, Ct..

14

THE OOLOGIST.

THE OOLOGIST

A MONTHLY MAGAZINE DEVOTED TO
ORNITHOLOGY anb OOLOGY.

FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N.Y.
EDITOR AND PUBLISHER.

Correspondence and items of interest to the
stone of Birds. their Nests and Hgys, solicited
‘om all.

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.
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The above rates include payment of postage by us.
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ts Remember that the publisher must be no-
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Remittances should be made by Draft, Express
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and address all subscriptions and communica-
tions to RANK H. LATTIN,

ALBION, Orleans Co., ‘N. Y.

*,* Articles, Items of Interest and Queries
for publication should be forwarded as early in
the month as possible

The Plain Talk of New York City
which ‘‘speaks for itself” and is pub-
lished ‘‘for boys and girls’? has been
stealing articles from the OoLoaist for
the past few months, and its Natural
History Editor has been having them
published in full, as original contribu-
tions for his department, and seems to
have forgotten that the OOLOGIST is in
existence, at any rate he gives it no
credit in the articles thus appropriated.
We are glad to have our brother pub-
lishers reprint any of the valuable ar-
ticles that appear in the OOLOGIST, but
must insist on due credit being given.

Were we the publisher of a monthly
“for young people” which we reecom-
mended ‘to mothers’’ as “bright, clean
and pure’’ and one of our editors filled
the space allotted him for his depart-
ment by ‘‘eribbing’’? from
without credit, we would elevate Mr.

exchanges |

Ed. from his position, and if necessary,
fire his ‘‘department”’ after him.

Notes and Queries.

We receive many articles from col-
lectors on the habits and nesting of rare
species, but it frequently happens that
the collector is mistaken in his identity
of the species—thus making the article
valueless.

F. D. J., New Castle, Del., writes of
taking a set of five Red-tailed Hawk
and one of six Gt. Blue Heron.

We are indebted to several corres-
pondents for accounts of their collect-
ing experiences for ’90, but as they are
mostly with common species we are
obliged to give the space to articles of
more general interest and value.

F. C. Hare, Whitby, Ont.. wants to
know a good way to get rid of the
English Sparrow, in winter when there
are no other birds around. Shot is too
expensive. Are there no other means
to get rid of this little pest?

An “Egg within an Egg’ of our com-
mon domestic fowls are by no means
uncommon, as almost every collector
has either seen or heard (from reliable
quarters) of them.

F. W. King, Cleveland, O., took a set
of three fresh eggs of the Scarlet Tana-
ger on Aug. 8th, and thinks the date
rather late.

S. J., Leavenworth, Kan. The bird
which you shot on Noy. 22nd, was the
Pileated Woodpecker.

The ‘‘Forest and Stream” is publish-
ed in New York. We can furnish sam-
ple copies at 10c or will receive sub-
scriptions and include the OoLoeisr for
a year for $4.00.

The Spotted Sandpiper usually nests
early in June.

H. W.C., Sonoma, Cal., asks:

“Is the Ivory-billed Woodpecker
found in California? if so, has it been
known to nest?”’

F. A.S., College Park, Cal. In reply
to your query as to the matter with the

THE OOLOGIST.

15

“Wolverine Naturalist,’ we answer
with the old saying ‘‘the good die
young.”’

Mr. C. Tunison, of New York, asks:

“Could you suggest to me some local-
ity in the vicinity of New York City to
which I could go this coming spring
that would be a good place to collect
eggs in? especially those eggs of water
birds that breed inland.”

A peculiar incidence of adoption was
noticed and spoken. about by many of
our town people last winter. During
the whole winter a small bird resem-
bling closely the Yellow-headed Black-
bird, made it his home with a flock of
English Sparrows, and most any day
could be seen with them about the
streets.

Speaking of this peculiar incident
brings to my mind another. Last
spring a flock of Sparrows came regu-
larly to our hen park to feed with the
chickens. Among their number was a
bird having exactly the same appear-
anee of a Sparrow, accept being of a
dark blood red color. Now to what
species did this individual belong? I
secured him anh have him in my col-
lection.

Gro. L. THORNTON,
Alma, Mich.

[Last winter a young male Cowbird
stopped with its foster parents, the
Sparrows, in our back yard.—ED. |

KF. C. V., Topeka, Kans. From col-
lectors who have ‘‘been there’’ we learn
that three eges usually, if not almost
always, constitute a full set of the Wil-
son's Plover. The collector you men-
tion as taking sets of four we do not
cousider strictly reliable, for we have
known him to continually and persist-
antly send out the eggs of Wilson’s
Plover for those of the Piping after he
had been informed of his error.

H. B. A., Gibbon, Neb.. writes:

“While out for a walk this season I
discovered the nest of. an American
Goldfinch placed in a crotch of an apple
tree. In this nest, which was built as
usual, I found first at the bottom an
egg of the Cowhird, over this a heavy
lining and on this a set of the Gold-
finch. I allowed these to remain.
Those of the Goldfinch were incubated,
but that of Cowbird did not, probably

|
due to unusual amount of lining.”’

N. L. Davis, Brockport, N. Y., says:

“On September 19th, I received a
woodchuck to be mounted. Its fur was
finer than others of the same species
and black as jet all over. Can anyone
give me a reason why it is so black? It
is quite a curiosity.”

[Taxidermist Kibbe, of Mayville, N.
Y., had a fine black woodchuck in his
collection last August, when we had
the pleasure of inspecting it.—Ep.]

In writing of frequently hearing of
‘‘an egg within an egg’’ of the domestic
fowl, A. B. F.,Bennings, D. C., says:

“I once found a cantalope seed im-
bedded in an egg partly in the white
and part in the yolk. The fowls had
been eating over ripe and cracked niel-
ous, but how it came in such a place
puzzles me yet.”

B. S. B., Phelps, N. Y., comments as
follows:

“In the April Ooxoatst, E. S, G. in
an article on ‘‘Queer nidification,”’ asks
a question which I have never seen an-
swered. I therefore offer a possible ex-
planation. I do not believe there was
any third party to the Crow’s nest, un-
less he saw two on the nest. Sets of 8
eggs of the Crow, while not common,
have been found. I took a set of 8
from a nest in a piece of woods where
there were no Crows but the one pair.
I also know of a nest of 8 young being
found, where the young were fed by
but two old birds. In sets of Crows’
eggs, as in others incubation is liable to
vary very much, so the nest which he
found may have had but a single female
parent, especially if the young it con-
tained had but just hatched.’

‘‘Klanus,’’? Augusta, Ga. Queries as
follows, who can answer?

ist. Why is the name interpres ap-
plied to the turnstone, why is ita ‘‘go- .
between?”

2nd. I have in my collection a duck
which puzzles me considerably,it is a fe-
male. It is undoubtedly one of the Fz-
igine. The description is as follows:
Crown of head, chin, a large patch on
each side of the neck and the whole
upper parts, including the fore breast,
slaty-gray. Rest of head, neck and

| under parts, white; lining of wings and

16

THE OOLOGIST.

axiliars, brownish-gray. Scapulars
with lighter edgings. No speculum;
no white on wings. Tail of fifteen
feathers. Nostrils in basal half of bill.
Bill blue at base, blackening at tip; feet
livid bluish. Iris brown. Measures,
L. 17.50, ex. 29.00, wg. 8.50, t 1. 2.75,
ts. 1.25, B1. 1.12, undde toe and claw

915. It was killed on the Savannah
river. Could it be a female 7. glacialis
2rd. When will Davie’s ‘‘Methods in

the Art of Taxidermy”’ be issued?

C.R. B., Little Rock, Iowa.
as follows:

ist. The name of a gull (?) about
thirteen or fourteen inches long, with
head and neck black, back brown or
light slate color, upper side of wings
- and tail ditto, ends of wing feathers
barred with black and white, breast,
abdomen, sides and under side of wings
and tail white, bill ove inch long,
black, feet webbed.

2nd. Name of gull (?) with black
head and breast, back and wing dove
color or drab, under tail pure white,
feet semipalmated, length eight or nine
inches.

Both gulls are common in migrations;
following the plows after a rain and
eating the grubs plowed out.

Queries

Talkative Powers of the Crow not Increased
by Tongue Splitting.

In reply to the query in the Nov.
OooGist, will say, that I do not think
it makes any difference with the crow,
except the pain that it gives, whether
his tongue is split or not. TI have
raised a great many, and have had two
at one time and I would split the
tongue of one and not the other, and I
found that the one with the tongue
split would not articulate any clearer
than the other. My experience is that

the male crow will learn to utter a few:

words if it is something that he hears
every day, for instance the name of
anyone. My brother had one, he also
had a dog by the name of Ponto, and
the crow would say: ‘‘Hello! Ponto,’’
as plain as I could. The greatest
trouble I have in keeping crows is, that
after they have been in captivity about

one year or less, they have trouble with
their stomach and cannot keep food
down and soon die. But after all it is
not much of aloss. Should you keep
one a year and give him his freedom he
will steal you so poor that you will be
willing he should die.
A. E. KipsBe,
Mayville, N. Y.
; Meeting of the A. 0. U.

The eighth congress of the American
Ornithologists’ Union was held last
week at Washington, Nov. 18 to 20, in
the Lecture Hail of the United States
National Museum. ;

The meeting was largely attended,
and as will be seen from list of papers
given below, was full of interest. It
was one of the most successful meet-
ings held since the founding of-the
Union.

The session of Tuesday was devoted
to business and was not open to the
general public. At this meeting were
read the reports of the secretary, the
treasurer and the council. Oticers
were elected for the ensuing year, and
then followed election of new members
and reports of committees.

The officers chosen for 1891 were:
D G. Elliot, President; Robert Ridg-
way and Wm. Brewster, Vice-Presi-
dents; John H. Sage, Secretary; Wm.
Dutcher, Treasurer. Chas. B. Cory,
H. W. Henshaw, Dr. C. Hart Merriam,
Dr. L. Stejneger, Dr. J. A. Allen, Dr.
Elliott Coues, Col. N. $. Goss, Mem-
bers of the Council. At this election
there were thirty-eight members pres-
ent and voting.

The sessions held on Wednesday and
Thursday, Nov. 19 and 20, were open
to the public, and were devoted to the
reading of scientific papers. The first
of these, The American Ornithologists’
Union—a seven years’ retrospect—was
an address by the retiring president,
Mr. J. A. Allen, who has occupied this
chair ever since the founding of the
Union. This was followed by these
papers:

Seed Planting by Birds, by Walter B.
Barrows. Phalaropes at Swampscott,
Mass., by Wm. A. Jeffries. The Birds
of Andros Island, Bahamas, by John I.
Northrop. Remarks on a few Species
of Andros Island Birds, collected by
Dr. Northrop, by J. A. Allen. An Ex-
perimental Trial of a New Method for

“THE OOLOGIST.

17

the Study of Bird Migration, by Harry
Gordon White. A Study of Bird
Wayes in the Delaware Valley during
the Spring Migration of 1890, by Wit-
mer Stone. Our Present Knowledge of
the Neotropical Avifauna, by Frank M.
Chapman. The Case of Colaples au-
raius and 0. cafer, by J: A> Allen.
Observations upon the Classitication of
the United States Accipitres—hased
upon a study of their Osteology, by R.
W. Shufeldt. “Some Observations on
the Breeding of Dendroica’ vigorsit at
Raleigh, N.C., by C. 8. Brimley.’ The
Trans-Appalachian Movement, of Birds
from the Interior to. the South Atlantic
States, Viewed Chietly from the Stand-
point of , Chéster | County, ,8..C., by
Leverett M. Loomis,, A’: Further Re-
view of the Avian Fauna: of “Chester
County, S. C., by Leverett M. Loomis.
Some Bird Skeleton’ from Guadalupe.
Island, ‘by. Frederic: “Av “Lueasi °¢The
Present | Status of the: Ivory-Billed
Woodpecker, by Ev M- ‘Hasbrouck:
Some Notes’ Concerning the! Evening,
Grosbéak, ‘by Anios W.: Butler >The.
Spring Migration ‘of the Red Phalarope
(Crymophilus' fulicarius), “iby Harry

i

_ Lying on the fl
Oliver, Davie, the taxidermist on North
High. street, yesterday, was seen the
carcass of a huge ostrich, which died at
Sellsville Monday from the effects of
the late cold snap.

| ural proportions.

EXPERT TAXIDERMY.

Manner of Preserving Some Deceased Zoologi-

cal Specimens from Sells Brothers’
Menagerie.

-

oor at the rooms of

_ Lhe bird is to be made the subjeet of

Mr. ,Dayie’s skill, and will be added to
that gentlemen’s
specimens. Some idea of the magni-
tude of such an undertaking, may be
gained when it is known that the os-
trich weighs 150 pounds and is over six
feet tall.
) fully removed and subjected to a curing
process, and impressions of the various
portions of the body will then be taken
in potters’ clay, to secure perfection in
f

the skin with its coat of feathers will be
mounted on a framework of wood and

large collection of

The skin will first be care-

orm. After heing thoroughly tanned,

ron, and the body filled out to its nat-
The entire job re-

Gordon White.” On’ the’ Tongue “uf quires the work of two men for the

Humming Birds, by Frederic-A. Lucas.
Insect, Intuition and Intelligence,“ by
C.F. Amery. The Habits of the’ Amer-
ican Golden Plover in Massachusetts,
by Geo.’ H. Mackay! ‘Correction’: t6|
Revised Catalogue of the Birds: of
‘Kansas, by N.S. Goss. Second Occur-
renee of the White-Faced Glossy Ibis
(Plegadis quarauna) in Kansas, by N.
$. Goss. Remarks on the Primary
Faunal Divisions of North America, by
€. Hart Merriam.

At the last meeting of the A. O. U. it
was suggested that especial effort be
made to secure, for exhibition at the
meeting of 1890, a quantity of photo-
graphic material bearing on’ birds.
The committee appointed to take
charge of the matter went into it with
a good deal of energy and were quite,
successful.

One of the interesting and popular
features of the meeting was an exhibi-
tion of photographie shdes from living,
birds and nests taken by Henry, M.
Spellman, of Cambridge, Mass... ‘These
slides were) thrown, lon canvas and: ex-
plained by Mr. Wm! Brewster, of: Cane
bridge.—Forest & Stream. AR Aes

trich..
feathers, worth more than their weight
in gold when sold as plumes for ladies’
headgear.
bird is: four years old and has been at-
tached to the zoological department of
the ‘show for two years.
enormous strength, the kick of an os-
tvich being as mush to be dreaded as
that of a mule.
erts, when put on the defensive, they
have been known to disembowel the
Arab
; enormous claw.

gY¥eater part of two weeks.

This is a fine specimen of African os-
It is a male with beautiful black

The females are gray. The
Its legs show
On their native des-

pursuer with one effort of the

All animals and birds dying durin

the winter at Sellsville are now carne
over to Mr. Davie, and some splendid
specimens are thus secured.

A tapir that suecumbed to the weath-

er several weeks ago, was given to Mr.
Davie and has been added to his stuffed
menagerie, which includes also two ele-
phants
Sells Bros.

and a sea lion secured from

-Mr. Davie’s collection is one of th

finest in the country, comprising many
species, of North American birds, like-
wise..those native to foreign countries,
besides a large number of other mem-
bers of, the animal kingdom, including
in-all over 1500 specimens.

18

THE OOLOGIST.

“Methods in the Art of Taxidermy”’
will be Mr. Davie’s latest work, and a
great part of the edition is already sola.

His ‘‘Nests and Eggs of North Ameri-
can Birds’? is still fresh from the press.
The work about to be issued from the
advance sheets show it to be very elabo-
rate and comprehensive. OIt will con-
tain fifty-four full-page engravings, the
drawings for which have been in course
of preparation for six years. The first
will be known as the edition de luxe,
and though very elegant will be sold to
advance subscribers at the price of five
dollars.—Sunday — Capital, Columbus,
Ohio, Dec. 14, 1890.

From New York City.

Arctic Owls have been very plentiful
in this vicinity this winter. Especially
on Long Island. One taxidermist has
had over seventy (70) so far this winter.

On Sunday the 20th I saw a large
Bald Eagle on the Sound, in the
city limits, so I imagine that the snow-
fall has been quite large in the mount-
ains.

Ducks are more plentiful than for
several years.

W.J.S.

The following letter from Dr. Mearns
is self explanatory and we trust the
readers of the OoxLogist will do all in
their power to assist him in the shape
of the needed specimens.

It is very rare that so eminent an
ornithologist as the Dr. calls upon ‘‘the
boys’’ for assistance, but as they are
fairly “aching” for a chance of this
kind, we fear Uncle Sam will be obliged
to add an extra mail pouch to the Fort
route in order to deliver the Doctox’s
specimens.

Dear Mr. Larrin:

{ intend to make
a eritical study of our Sparrow Hawks
(Falco sparverius et vars) and English
Snipe (Gallinago delicata) during the
coming year. It has occurred to me
that you could greatly assist me to
borrow the necessary material by in-
serting a notice in your journal. J will
be glad to pay the cost of sending
material for this purpose (all specimens
of these birds) from any part of North
America and returning. Will return
the borrowed specimens within six

mouths,
assist me.

I have made arrangements to use all
of the specimens of these birds in all of
our great museums, and hope that
private collectors will also send me
their specimens for use.

Mr. Ridgway will loan me all of the
Smithsonian material; and Dr. Allen
has offered everything in the American
Museum. From the members of the A.
O. U. L expect a large number of speci-
mens, as Dr. Allen kindly announced
my desire at the late meeting, and will
insert a notice in the Jan. ‘‘Auk.”

IT remain,
With sincere regards,
EpvGar A. MEARNS,
Assistant Surgeon, U.S. A.,
Fort Snelling, Minnesota,
Dee. 5, 1890.

$<. <>

The modern magazine may be taken
as embodying the best literature of the
world, as the magazine editor pays the
highest price to novelists, scientists,
statesmen, soldiers and even kings and
princes, for the best they can furnish in
the literary line. ‘The well-edited mag-
azine becomes an educating influence
in the family circle, whose importance
cannot be over-estimated. The child-
ren, as they grow up, are attracted by
its illustration, and so come in time to
have a taste for reading. ‘There is al-
ways something that is new, something
that is strange, something that is inter-
esting; and we consider that we are do-
ing our readers a positive benefit if we
are Instrumental in placing such a pub-
lication within their reach. The spee-
lal arrangement which we have made
with the Cosmopolitan presents very
unusual inducements. That magazine
is already recognized as one of the
most interesting publications of the
day. It is seeking subscribers every-
where and obtaining them. . The pro-
prietors believe that the Cosmopolitan
has only to be examined to secure a
permanent subscriber. That is why we
are enabled to make, if the offer is ac-
cepted before January next, the very
low combination offer in October OoLo-
GIST.

and give credit to all who

~~ A a st —

A Word In Season.

The barking of a pack of hounds may
be music, but the barking of the human
family is certainly discord. Stop that.
cough with Humphreys’ Specific No.
SEVEN.

THH OOLOGIST.

“Experimental Electricity,”

BY EDWARD TREVERT.

tt will give practical information upon the
following subjects: Some Hasy Experiments
in Wlectricity and Magnetism. How to Make
Blectric Batteries, a Galvanometer, an Induc-
tion Coil, an Electric Bell, a Magneto Machine,
a Telegraph Instrument, an Electric Motor, a
Dynamo, HBlectric Gas Lighting and Bell Fit-
ting. Some practical directions for amateurs.
Some information in regard to Electric Lamps.
176 Pages, 100 Illustrations. Just the book for
amateurs. Price, cloth bound, $1. Send money
by Registered letter or P. O. money order.
Send for catalogue.

B. F. EVANS, Madison, Wis.

The Cyrand Hotel,

LOCKPORT, NEW YORK.

Remodeled last year, refurnished en-
tirely with new and elegant Furniture,
fitted with all Modern Improvements,
including Electric Lights, Steam Heat,
Call Bells, Elevator, Etc.

FREE BUS to all day trains.

W. C. COMSTOCK, Prop'r.

BUM owe

H HOMEOPATHIC

of price. HUMPHREYS’ MEDICINE CO., k
Cor. William and John Sts., N. ¥.

2 GIC
We will send you one by

mail on receipt of price.
Agents Wanted.

IR, W. FORD, Bristol, Conn.

SEGQFN.CO 2 ve

YOUR NAME

on this Pen & Pencil Stamp on]

aris being made by John R,
5 Goodwin, lroy,-..¥.,at work for us. Neader,
you may not nie as much, but we can
Wea teach vouguickly how to earn from $5 to
ey 519 a day at the start, and more as you go
Ma on. Both sexes, al] ages. In any part of
America, you can commence at home, giy-
ing all your time,or spare moments only to
E/ the work. All isnew. Great pay SURE for
every worker. We start you, furnishing
everything. EASILY, SPEEDILY learned.
PARTICULAKS FREE. Address at once,
SUN & C€O., PORTLAND, MAINE.

Oe i
SL

|

WM. G. SMITH,

—COLLECTOR OF—

.
Birds, Mammals and Eégés,
LOVELAND, COLORADO.

I make a specialty of mailing birds same day
as skinned, or sent in the flesh after subjecting
them to a preservative preparation. Enclose
stamp for Price List.

rs

oins, SraseS (ure.

Large well illustrated 48p book 5c.
W. FF. GREANY,

827 Brannan S$., San Francisco, Cal.

ae @khe Corner Stemne of a Hatien.’’—
Lengjfeliow.

=a Hane | VEN Z| z

Have yeu stocd on the world famous Plymouth
Rock,” or visited the historie scenes in Pilgrim-land?

Would you do this in picture and story, send for
one of the followine books:

Giima pses of EP alerizna Piymaeztia.—orty-
sight views in Photo-Gravure from photographs
and paintings, with descriptive text, showing the
Plymouth of 1620 and the Plymouth of teday.
Price by mail, $1.50. Reduced size, thirty-four
views, 50 cents.

AOS cUbo us lyemewmtin—Hichines by
sivknell, in white portfolio. Sizs, 10x12.

Pa

Ely manutia. — Sixteen
deseriptive text.
cevers, 2b, $4.50.
ing, $7.50,

“Stumdisiz: of Stamedish.’ by Jane G. Austin,
Thé story of the Pilgrims; deeply interesting, his-
torically accurate; cloth binding. $1.25. 3

Satie Hilgrims at Plymeutia.—_By lL. B.
Humphrey. The Pilgrim story told for children,
Binely illustrated; cloth. $1.25.

Blymeuth Bock Paper WVeigchts,—
Medels cf the famous Rock, two sizes; by mail
35 and BO cents each. f

Gov. Carver's Chair.—Models of the Chair
brought in the Mayflower, 1620, 25 cents.

Photegraphs of Piymouitis BRoch.
Pilgrim Hail, National Monument to the Pilgrims,
and one hundred other subjects of historic interest,
Hxtra fine views, 514x844, 35 cents each, $4.00 per
dozen. Catalogue free.

Piymouth Albums, BE Wiews, 25 centy.

Any of the above bocks will make handsome
Christmas and Birthcay presents, and will ke
mailed postpaic on receipt of price.

We have sent samples to the editor of this paper
Who will vouch for their excelience. t

Agents wanted.

ASS: BORBANE,

Pilgrim Booksitcre, Plymouth, Mess,

; Indotype
> Size, 10x13. Cloth
Same, in handsome seal bina-

THE OOLOGIST. i

FOR NRX TSO

We give the readers of the OOLOGIST our profit on a large stock of Jewelery
and Novelties, manufactured from Semi-precious Gems.

During the past few years we have sold hundreds of dollars’ worth of the articles listed
below from our Chautauqua and other stores. We now have a large stock on hand and in order
to close the lot out so as to import new stock for the coming season, we offer our patrons the
privilege of selecting anything they may wish at a profit to ourselves that barely covers the
expense of handling. 3

These goods are mostly manufactured in Germany from Agates, from Oberstein or South
America. “Tiger-eye”’ from South Africa, Amber from the Baltic, etc. The same goods are sold
to credulous tourists at stores tn the Lake Superior, Colorada, Black Hills and Rocky Mountain
Country in general as prepared from specimens found in that immediate locality. and at prices
much greater than our regular retail ones.

‘ne prices quoted in left-hand column are what we will send you the article described. pre-
paid.

The prices in column at the right are our regular prices, at which we are now (Jan. 1st.)
retailing these identical articles from our Ann Arbor Store, and at which we can after Feb. 15th,
fill your orders.

Our prices in left-hand column will hold good until FEB. 15th ONLY.

While of many articles we have dozens, others we have only a single one, so it is advisable to
always name your second choice to be used in case we are out of the artile ordered.

On orders of $5.00 or over we will allow a discount of 5 per eent. Packages will be sent by
Registered Mail for 10 cts. additional.

As the articles offered are in stock at our Ann Arbor Store, our patrons will receive earlier
returns by addressing their orders there at that place. Faithfully,

FRANE H. LATTIN.

.

Shoe Hooks, Carnelian Agate..........$ 42 $ 65 CHARMS.
iy ,, Black Onyx © 2. 65 | agate faceted ball... 40 "5
* _, Tigereye 3 9) 85 ss co Wedee cube ue ioe 40 75
Glove Buttons either “Tigereye” & 7 a 40 We.
Black Onyx, Carnelian or Moss Ag- 6 oF 35
UD Caeser eee Bie bile is Sample et Noes eB 22 3D a 20 FO
Agate Match Safes........2...20........- 89 150 ‘ a5 €0
Moss Agate Paper Cutters, 7to8 in. 125 2 2 66 35 60
Re oh ae as 9i SnD LOU), 6 40 Vist
(Opie avel hie ia) I kab avery wink ey Peet la) $0 te 40 ves
Hat Pins, Carnelian Agate... 33 6 “ Long triangular piece in swivel 44 &
‘Sulphur Diamond” Pyrites Har “ ambourine 40 ne
Drops =.=... aaa oe) SeeMime bal 40. Vt
Agate Pen Holders 60 1 oe | Migereyed) Mine Dalieg ss amc mies ae Te
“Tigereye” Pen Holders 20. DORR 3 Grecian Battle Axe. 45. 5
a Pencils ee ea Base eealicwee o5e 6 100 on Barrel AB ie
BROOCHES. A Shield _....... B77 cRags Sma acs 50
: = Horse’s foot Eo) t
igor) KeylBA GNM Ete heey coitus | cals eS 35 60 “e Pear 45 Vis)
“Vigereye” Plain Bar, small... 80 50 ‘ Tambourine... Us als 5
a darge eu ae) = Saag 20 eta ie eee 40° 95
TSCM EeUe! 8 Long triangular piece in
FES ATU Sie Sees ie Ces ae ec 89 150 swivel ey etl)
“Tigereye” Horn shape Rolled Gold te Compass anne eng) &
Bands anna eee as ccnia ee ed Faceted ‘hall = eee AD ue
Agate, horn shape rolled gold bands 72 1 2% Rock Crystal variously shaped swiy-
“ Bar rolled gold bands... 72 1 2 el mount 45 "5
“Migereye,”’ Fancy various designs POPU RD Ra GN
in gold and silver mountings some Genuine Amber and Coral Beads.
bars and some from 3 to 6 small set- 50 genuine Amber beads graduated
tings variously arranged................ % 150] sizes, strung on string 14% in long 65 1 00
50 genumne Amber beads, graduated
SCARF PINS. sizes strung on string larger and
Agate ball or faceted head..............-.. 18 25to035 cleaner beads 18 in, long... ........ 145 250
HDT OT Oly iis < os ease ee ek nee pa 18 35| Genuine Amber Beads graduated
Agate,3 ball arranged like clover leaf 40 6) sizes double string 25 of way. 100
“Tigereye,” arranged likecloverleaf 50 1 00 beads fastended with amber screw
Ss 3 balls in row................... BO: sek 300515: « Clasp. 2 eo es Bs ER eee 200 350
2 carved heads etc. on set- Genuine Coral Strings of polished
DIT oases Ae ae seas Wetieh s ane 50 100 broken red or precious coral from
“Tigereye”’ large ‘‘eye” setting......... 45 4) the Mediterranean, 14im, strings. 18 35
a ball, star mounting......... 40 5| Genuine Coral strings of polished
ee aAnGupeat Siam \sye. ae 50 100 broken red or precious on
the Mediterranean, 15 in. strings
FOB CHAINS. joined with metal clasp_................. 18 35
Agate Queen Chain 150 225|/Do Do larger and selected pieces
Goldstone ‘ oe EE P6t= 72-50 AD GM ASERIN SS 2th Sy er ane, eee 65 125
Smoky Topaz “* ‘“ .. 267 400} Do Do ‘Seed’ Corals polished in
Agate Victoria Chain Mealy a) ee) small round heads joined with
Gelestons i f g he 2 eo Clas nth secs (7 aes co a ee 55 = «1:00
moky Topaz ‘ : 5
Rock Crystal “ ee 200 350 MISCELLANEOUS.
Hematite ee ee 200 3 50] Paper cutter, letter opener and book
Moss Agate Vest . 250 500! mark combined mountings and

THE OOLOGIST.

blade sterling silver, handle a

polished aligator’s OO UL yee es 2 00
Wild bear's tusk polished gold cap

mounted for back comb can be re-

mounted for almost any purpose.

Tusk a monster nearly Sin. long... 4 00 10 0)

Pearl shell cigar or cigarette case,
Size 2x5 in. each side composed
of 17 pieces Inlaid polished pear,
mostly diamond shape, fine leather
lining

Ladies’ pearl shell hand satchel5 x
444 In. each side composed of 47

50 2

Do. Do. with the Masonic or Odd

Fellows emblems engraved on side

or any of the following initials:

B, D. &. I. M. N,Q. T. ULV... 18 25
Do. Compass SeupimSide. sa pee 30 50
Alligator’s tooth. mounted for watch

charm with chain and cap .............. 50 WD
Imitation Amber ear drops...... ......... 06 15

Vegetable Ivory Goods.

Articles and novelties turned from the Veg
etable Ivory Nut.

pieces inlaid polished pearl mostly Specimen ING SEN Ni 28 ea ers 07 10
diamond shape, sides joined by ** one side turned 15 25
fine russet leather, inside lining 22 35
satin,steel chain and ring attached 18 25
POMGaGPyIM oe ee ay coe eS 225 3 50 Spool moider ‘and cushion with spool
Ladies’ tortoise side combs with SUE eee RTE MCR Daehn DG Ts Eh TA en 22 35
pearl shell strip at top per -............. 45 7% | Thimble cases holding a ‘Vegetable
Catlinite ‘“‘Pipestone” charms....... 16 2D il eel OrayAb NaN Oa sweersne te ven ee 22 35
ee te salt cellars...... 20 25 | Vase-shaped case containing Horn
Bs Napkin rings. 35 E50) FRAT Lae Ween ae lar eka Toor mae Goby es 35 50
£6 es Paper weight Fancy Tape measure holders with
5s Ses OE ROG DC AY ee tA SMR TEES ca BREET 50c to 1 50 cushion top containing silk ribbon
Catlinite “Pipestone” specimens.3c to 15 Viana sta peers orcs eee eee 80 50
Red Lea Bean scarf or lace Pins ..... 22 35 | Rattle box and whistle combined... 25
Bracelets, Sea Beans, Sheils and ’Ga- is a CLOSSES 0:5 ae ee ene 12 20
bor beet Danie e ee nns OM PT ATH les i-Mate els sak ha 10
Pa ora tech ome Shels and 1,4, | Small bone and Ivory charms, Bas
Brown-banded Sea Bean watch kets, Book, Hats, WAC WISKC DOs seeeeeses: 10
charms, polished plain.................... 15 625 | Bone Cup and Ball game...__.............. 15 5

Address, FRANK H. LATTIN, Ann Arbor, Mich,

Electric Bell Complete $3.50.

With Battery, Metal Push Button, Wire and
Tacks. Sent by express on receipt of price.
Send stamp for catalogue of Wire, Batteries,

etc.
Address, B. F. EVANS,
522 W. Clymer street, - Madison, Wis.

JUST RACGCBRIVAKD

A NAW LOT OF

RARE AGGS!
AS FOLLOWS

, PROM ALASKA:
HORNED PUFFIN,
4%; Mandt’s Guillemot, 14; Pallas’s Murre.
From Iceland: LARGE-Billed Puffin, 1-1
Mexico: ST. DOMINGO Grebe, 4%, 1-5,
1; White-fronted Dove, %.

Other localities: Loon, Black throated Loon,
Pacific Loon, Red throated Loon, and many
other rare and desirable eggs.

Send 2e stamp for list.

J. P.BABBITT,
TAUNTON. - - MASS.

Snug little fortunes have been made at
work for us, by Anna Page, Austin,
Texas, and Jno. Bonn, Toledo, Ohio.
See cut. Others are doing as well. Why
not you? Some earn over $580.00 a
month. You can do the work and live
at home, wherever you are. Even be-
ginners are easily earning from $5 to
$iGaday. Allages, We show you how
and start you. Can work in spare time
or allthe time. Big money for work--
ers. Failure unknown among them..

x ; NEW and wonderful. Particulars free.
Hg. ences & Co., Box $80 Portland, Maine

NATURALIST DIRECTORY =

Cannot be ready before March 1st.
Terms $3.00 per page. Prices at same rate. To
the first subscriber after this OOLOGIST is read,
Iwill give a first-class egg of the Am. Flamingo
With data; first half page egg Brown-headed
Nuthatch; for the first Exchange Notice ex-
ceeding 25 words legg Traill’s Flycatcher.
Names inserted free; Exchange Notices % ct,
per word. First name to be inserted will re-
ceive 1 egg Lark Sparrow; 10th page subscriber

1 egg Cassin’s Auk; 10 half page egg Iceland

Hull: 10th Exchange Notice egg White breasted
Nuthatch. 25th name to be inserted 1 egg
Downy Woodpecker. Part page ‘‘ad’’ will re-
ceive eggs in comparison. Send for all infor-
mation to Box 125, (send no stamps)

JAMES: Bee
IIIs.

, A WHEAT?! Lundertake to briefly
each any fairly intellige ut person of either

Edinburg, ss =
ex, who can read and write, and who,
dafter it ustruction, will worl: industriously,

$3 ae “7 how to carn Vhree Thousand Dollars a

Yearin aneinown n localities,;whcrever they live.i will also furnish
the situation oremployment,at which you can earn thatamount.
No money for meunless successful as above. Easily and quickly
learned. I desire but one worker {rom each district or county. I

have already taught and provided with employ eer a large
number, who are making over $2000 a yeareach. It’s W¥ EW
and S@ UNEP. Full particulars FER ELE. Address at once,
E. C, ALLER, ox 420, Augusia, Miuine,

MOUND AND INDIAN RELICS, FOSSILS, &.

i) ORT ONO MD Ded BU WYO DS) ae ae es eee sens 3 .40
12 PINE ARROW HEADS 28

UPN DD SARS OAD ALCS) oe seo ee each eS A Se 0
ORAM LOR 2 20S PRIN Roda ee een 1.00

GRO, ROBINATTSR,
Flag Pond, Va.

NO’TIGE!

Tf you want anything in the RUBBER STAMP
LINE. write to “FORD,” for prices. —He will
furnish you a four-line stamp with pads and
ink for only 32c, post-paid. Address,

: R. W. FORD,
IBIS SI N@uey 5 =

AiG) OO ged BOY

6 A, 9 A, 23 a fonts of Long primer at the low
price of $1.50 each, post-paid.

The above fonts are second hand but in good
condition. Each font contains large and small
caps and small letters, periods. commas, dashes,
fractions, figures. brackets, reference marks,
parenthesis, leaders, etc., a complete font. No
stamps taken.

F.T. CORLESS,
Tiliamook, - -

CONN.

Oreg.
SPRCIMRANS OF WOOD-

Price 10c each or the entire lot for $2.50

Alder, White Pine, White-wood, Black Wal-
nut, Hickory, Box-weod, Am. Chestnut, Curly
Oak. <Ash. White Oak, Mt. Laurel, Red Oak,
Beech, Basswood. Horn-beam, Norway Pine.
Rock Maple. Iron-wood, White Maple, Rose-
wood, Black Spruce, Burr Oak, Peach,
Curly Chestnut, Gray Oak, Curly Maple, White
wood, Blk. Birch, Poplar, and Speckled Alder.
Size 2'4 x 5 x 14in., polished on one side, nat-
ural on other, and neatly labeled. No stamps

wanted.
B.D, CORLASS,
Tillamook, - - .Oreg
DIRAKGCGTORY.

(Formerty The Osprey Naturalist’s Directory.)
This Directory contains about 1000 names in-
eluding Dealers, Naturalists, but chiefly the
collector ot Birds’ eggs in all parts. of the U. S.
and Canada, and over 100 in Great Britain.
Germany. and Ireland. Every collector should
have a copy. Price 15¢ each. ¢1.25 per doz.
They can be obtained of the Compiler, Letson
Balliet, Des Moines, Iowa, or H. STANTON
SAW YER, Pub, Garland, Maine.

GLASS EYES.

Our new stock of Glass Eyes have at last
made their appearance and we can fill your

orders by return mail.
FRANK H. LATTIN.

NOTICE!

Bird’s eggs for sale cheap, Many sets never
before offered for sale. Now is the time to
make desirable cabinet additions. Send stamp

for list.
FPRAD JONES,
P. O. BOX 54 MARTIN’S FERRY, O.

1 HEOOLOGIST.

DUNCAN & FAERRION
—DEALERS IN— ~

Shells, Corals. Indian Curios, Stamps, Coins.

Geodes, Fossils, etc. Price-list sent on appli-

cation.

ZOO FOG IRS EL Say

SANTA ROSA, CALA.

ARTHUR’S

ILLUSTRATED

TOME MAGAZINE.

The best magazine ofits class.

CLEAN : WIDE-AWAKE : CHEAP

Price, $1.50 a year. Large discounts to
clubs. Sample copies of previous issues
free

Sample copies of current numbers 10¢
each (half price.)

‘T_S.-Arthur-& Sens,

PHILADELPHIA, PENN.

LOOK WHAT A CHANCE!

I now offer for sale my collection of bird eges.
Tt consists of 875 eggs. I also offer several
other things. Send for list. The eggs are val-
ued at $42.00, Lattin’s 90 pricelist. Send state-
ment of what you are willing to give. All cards

answered.
HENRY C. BRJIDGERS,

Tarboro, - -
FOR SS AT, (\ Collection of Birds’ Eggs

Ly Us in sets, consisting of 550
American species and 190 British species, nests
with many, will be sold in single, sets cheap for
cash. For particulars address

HARRY G. PARKER,
Chester, Pa.
THE AMER ICAN NATURALISTS,

NEW DIRECTORY

Grandest ever published, Names inserted
free, Hx. 4c per word. Will contain between
1000 and 1500 names. everything must be in by
Feb. 15, 791. For information address ;

JAMES HILL,
EDINBURG, ILLS”

Every person in the U. S. or abroad to send
to the Natural History and Art Store, Canis-
teo, N. Y. for a catalogue of Natural History
and Art specimens and supplies, Birds’ eggs.
Shells, Fossils, imerals, Curiosities. Butter-
flys and moths, Corals, Art materials etc.
Subscriptions taken for the leading magazines
for the Naturalist and Artist, catalogue free.
A fine new lot of eggs etc. justtreceived. Send
for prices of Naturalists’ supplies, climbing
irons. instruments, ete. <A fine pair of French
field glasses $3.00.

1Ze
a

Ms

Sos

7X 7x

BOX 12,

aN ieee ByRIRD

f PACSEAES ES ES
Monthly.

VOL. VIII.

Exchanges and Wants.

Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,” ‘“Ex-
changes” inserted im this department for 25c
per 2% words. Notices over 25 words, charged
at the rate of one-half cent per word. No
notice inserted for less than 5c. Notices
which are merely indirect methods of soliciting
cash purchasers cannot be admitted to these
columns under any circumstances. Terms,
cash with order.

NOTICH!—For every perfect arrow head
sent me I will send a recipe for petrifying wood
L. M. DRESSER, Georgetown Mass.

FOR EXCHANGE.—First-class eggs in sets
with data for the same. Send list and get mine,
address T. D. WITHERSPOON Jr.8380 Sixth St.
Louisville, Ky.

EXCHANGE.—113 Youth’s Companions; for
best offer of first-class birds’ eggs. All letters
answered. HARRY M. GERRY, South Paris.
Me.

FOR EXCHANGE.—A Maynard Flobert Rifie
Electric top and Davie’s Key to Nests and Eggs;
for eggs or Natural History specimens of any
kind. Enclose stamp for reply. C. F. CARR,

126 State St., Madison, Wis. 3

WANTED.—Barrows Goinen: -eye eggs and
printing press to exchange for best offer.9 A
Harper’s ferry Musket and Cabinets made to
order. Haye you any Golden-eyes? If so write.
LETSON BALLIET, Des Moines, Iowa.

EXCHANGE.—650 stamps, ($5.00) in interna-
tional album. ($4.00) and Chicago Air Rifle, (75c)
for eggs or Indian Relics, D. Se BA OSC ISE
1142, 4th ave.,; Detroit Mich.

FOR Eggs in sets with data, pair of climbers,
eggs in sets and singles, United States and for-
eign postage stamps. All letters and postals
answer ed. RONALD BATES, Clyde, N. Y.

TO EXCHANGE.—Cocoons of Aflacus Cecro-
pia (the largest American Moth) and species of
Cimbex Americana (largest saw fiy);.for other
cocoons and insects. ELMER D. BALL, Little
Rock, Iowa.

NOTICE! Parties wishing to obtain care-
fully prepared eggs of this section during the
coming season, will do well to address me for
list®: .T. GILBERT PEARSON, Archer, Al-
achua Co., Fla.

EXCHANGE.—Two vols. Youth’s Compan-
ion, 1200 postmarks, in albums, 75 tobacco tags
and 300 foreign and U.S. stamps all different;
for Indian relics and fossils. GEO. A. ROD-
MAN, Kingston, Wash. Co., R. I.

ALBION, N. Y., FEB., 1891.

a
weteenhetttaCeennetazenaee anna ae ee ¥
HOLAGISY, <

Hacc a CLOW OEY CERT 5 ERATE ELON Gh OWI alee eral eae Tas

mort So
7 Ce os =

50e. per Year. ey oF

No. 2

WANTED.—Indian and war relics. stamps,

eggs and coins; in exchange for same and to-

bacco tags and ‘curiosities “of all kinds.
RandaH, Belleville, Mich.

Wm. M.

EXCHANGE.—I have eggs of Hammerhead
Shark and Cal. birds Cees both.first and second-
class; for eastern eggs. ED. WALL, Sau Ber-
nar dino, Cal.

TO EXCHANGE.—Complete sets of eggs of
the Common Tern, with data; for other eggs.
All letters with enclosed stamp answered. C.
C. PURDUN, Woods Holl, Mass.

OFOR every 25 varieties of stamps sent me I
will give 100 mixed stamps; I have 100 cigarette
pictures to exchange. FRANK OWENS.
Brooklyn, Iowa.

I HAVE northern skins to exchange for eggs
and skins of other localities, also a 38 Cal. col-
lecting gun and outfit for sale. GILBERT

WHITER, 2 Waverly Pl. Grand Rapids, Mich.

FOR EXCHANGE.—_Three foxes (female) 8
months old, for best offer of birds’ eggs *n sets.
received before March Ist., or cash. Also eggs
in sets with data for same. H. G. BALL, Nia-
gara, Ont.

EGGS & SKINS to exchange forsbirds in? the
meat from the coast, Buffalo Horns ( (rough) and
first-class skins of Quail from the west. EF. M.
RICHARDS, Farmington, Me.

A NICELY mounted grey squirrel for $4.00

work of first-class eggs, Ridgway’s numbers,

3.00in cash. Address, DOUGLAS CAMP-
aELr, Coldspring, Putnam Co., N. Y.

WANTED.—A pair of climbing irons,
giye minerals, fossils, shells, Indian relics,
stamps or sea curios for same. I will also ex-
change any.of the above for bird’s eggs. GHO.
H. PEPPER, Tottenville, S. I., N. Y.

FOR TRADE.—Right to sell in Maryland and
Delaware, the “American Rock and Stump
lifter.” Dictionary of the Army,Old Suspended
Pensions. Niles Register, 6 vols; for offers:
Box 30, Charlestown, Jeff. Co., W. Va.

TO EXCHANGE.—Vol. XXVII of the Cen-
tury, (unbound) Sea and Land and the Animal
Kingdom all in fair condition, for best offer of
first-class southern or western sets with data.
FRANK H. Si sae tmuaiane ie Hampton, Frank-
lin Co., Iowa

will

EXCHANGE. —I have a large supply of wéll-
mounted Blue Jays and Back- -capped Chicka-
dees, which I wish to exchange for first-class
eggsin sets. Write first. all correspondence
answered. Address, MOWBRAY A. SEMPLE,
Poynette, Wis.

24

THE OOLOGIST.

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued: | ,cANe EDs A sates bityele that has only

TO EXCHANGE.—Good collection of stamps
in Scott’s International Album for best offer in
Zoological books, or taxidermists’ supplies. A.
P. RICHARDSON, Tarrytown, N. Y.

WILL EXCHANGE stamps for back OOLc-
GISTS, arrow heads and old coins. Write what
you have and make me an offer. HORACE
EK. BUKHER, Rockford, Mls.

'TG EXCHANGE—Polyopticon, Vol. XIV Orni-
*hologist and Oologist, two Vols. Youth’s Com-
ysanion; for first-class single eggs with data.
Particulars for stamp. BURT CHADWICK,
#569 Huclid Ave., Cleveland, Ohio,

WANTHD.—To exchange first-class eggs in
sets and singles, with and without data, and a
S. B. B. L. shot gun; for a set of Taxidermists’
tools, 16 gauge B. i. shot gun, microscope, or a
29 cal. rifle. WILL C. STAAT, 501 Jerome St.,
Marshalltown, Lowa.

WANTED.—Birds’ eggs and Indian stone
relics, Ihave to exchange for same, five vols.

St. Nicholas. iron Indian axe, star fish, Ressur- |

rection plants, sixby stamps, and autoharp
with music and instructions. CHARLES
‘TANN Jr., 140 Sixth Ave., Lansingburgh, N. Y.

REMOVED.—Bert R. Hager has removed
from Chicago to Sterling. Ills.. correspondents
please take notice. Will exchange good bird
skins of this locality for others. BERD R. HA-
‘GER, 507 E. Third St. Sterling, Ts,

TO EXCHANGSE.—150 sets of birds’ eggs, first
class with data, 120 varieties valued at over
$100.00. Wanted a broncho cr mustang, not

pirbicilvw if ha backs. also wanted a kodak
camera. a Spencer repeating shot-gun, a colt
lightening magazine rifle, or an acme folding
poat. Persons having any of the above to ex-
change please send description to H. C. CAMP-
BELL, Langsingburgh, N. Y.

FOR EXCHANGH.—A fine collection of 110
varieties of birds’ eggs in sets with full data.
many quite desirable: Wanted, any of the fol-
lowing named articles: 48 in, bicycle. one or
amore good rifies. 22 cal. Stephen’s preferred, B.
L. shot gun, high power telescope, field glass or
microscope. Good exe. given for any of the
sabove articles. Those wishing to exchange
please send for list of my collection with full
description of the articles they have to offer.
All answered. D. B. ROGERS, Hillis, Ellis Co.,
Kansas.

FOR EXCHANGE.—I have at my Ann Arbor,

Mich. Store. mounted birds, all good specimens |

on T perches, American Crossbill, White-
crowned Sparrow, Wilson’s Thrush. Bobolink.
Orested Flycatcher, Cowbird, White-throated
Sparrow, Barred Owl, Ruffed Grouse, Belted
Kingfisher and Bufflehead, also Chipmunk and
Turtle; will exchange the entire lot for the best
lot of eggs offered (not less than $30.00 worth)
received by Feb. 15th. FRANK H. LATTIN,
Ann Arbor, Mich.

| enty-five cents or over.

tion:will give $60. worth of first-class birds’
eggs, - Write for particulars.- J. P. FEAGLER
Waterloo, Ind.

TO EXCHANGE.—Book of British Birds and.

of North America for Dayie’s Nests and Eggs of
North American Birds. cloth. ARTHUR W.
BROCKWAY, Hadlyme, Conn.

TO. EXCHANGEH.—Smith & Wesson 32-cal.
doubie action revolver for the best offer of eggs
in sets. Eggs, single and in sets for same.
Send iists and receive mine. W. L. MORSE.
noe Onondaga Co. Savings Bank, Syracuse,

ee
TO EXCHANGE.—I have 60 or more good
Indian arrow. flints for Pupa or Imago of But-
terflies or Moths (a bargain). J. KEYWORTH.,
Marissa, St. Clair Co., Ils.

FOR EXCHANGE.—I have a number of new

“Natural History’? books with 620 pages and
over 500 illustrations each. Will exchange
each copy for $2.00 worth of birds’ eggs in sets.
Everybody send list to N. P. BRAD, Knowles-
ville, Orleans Co., N. Y.

TO EXCHANGE.—Sets with data, for printing.
Parties desiring to do such, will send sample of
work. and write to F. S. NYE, 20 E. Mifflin St..
Madisen, Wis.

TO EXCHRANGE.—A revolver worth three
doliars. and a bull’s-eye or dark lantern, for the
best offer of first-class birds’ eggs. Singles or
sets. Letters answered. CHAS. W. WOR-
THEN. Hardwick, Vt. ;

TO EXCHANGE.—First-class sets with data.
at 34 1890 list, Ridgeway Nos. 260, 278b. 378, 460,
572. 574, 579, 580, 690, 732. GORDON SCHANCK,
Libertyville, ills.

WANTED.—*Manton’s Taxidermy Without
a Teacher.”
Natural History,” cloth bound. Also I have to
exchange the book ‘Ten Boys Who Lived On

The Road From Long-ago To Now,” cloth.

bound, for best offer of sets with data. What
offers? R. C. KLINE, Standish St., Dorchester,
Mass.

OREGON WOODS.—Ten varieties for every
set of eggs sent me valued at fifty cents or over.
Twenty varieties for every set valued at Sev-
Eggs must be 18t-class
with full data, CLYDE L. KELLER, 318-320
Exchange Block, Salem, Oregon.

PURE THOROUGHBRED Homer Carrier
Pigeons, wanted, (squeekers or youngsters).
Will give in exchange good offer of birds’ eggs
or will purchase at reasonable prices. Give

particulars. OTTO J. ZAHN, 4275. Hope St.-

Los Angeles, Cal. x

STRANGE Curios. {Chinese and Japanese,
quicksilver ores, shells, stamps; fossils, read-
ing matter, star fish and others; for side-blown
ege's. books, ores. Shells. skins or curios. U. L.
HERTZ, Napa City, Calif.

J HAVE for exchange at my Ann Arbor Store
afew Palmetto foor mats from the Bahamas.
almost non-destructable, can be cleaned and
washed to heart’s content and will last. for
years, size from 3 to 3% feet wide to 5% to 6%
feet long, for a summer or bath room mat they
have no equal: will sell for $1.00’ each. cash, ‘or
will exchange for desirable eggs or books on
natural history. FRANK H. LATTIN “Ann
Arbor, Mich.

HAVE Compound microscope, air rifle, In-
dian clubs. watch. Eggs. Nos. 7, 34. 1¢; 12, 6, te;
18, 8, 2c; 13a, 6::20c; 22.2. 1e3 63; ‘6c, 122, 10e;: 5
12, (6c; 158, 2880; 154,4¢; 157; 8c; 197%, 5C3 211.2, 2e;
914. 2, 5c; 254, 4c; 258. 6. 3c; 261. 6, 26: 363, 10; 270,
3, 8e;-278,-2.-8¢; 315,-4e3-320, 126 ; 375, 2, 66; 378,17.
9¢; 460; %, 2c ;-477, 15e: and 480, 2, Sc. Wanted
breech loading shot gun, bicycle and trays.

Singles italicized: GEO..H. YOUNGMAN, ‘Mc-.
‘Yean. Tl.

Will give in exchange, **Wood’s ~

_ THE, OOLOGIST.

25

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued.

TO EXCHANGE.—Birds’ eggs, skins, miner-
‘als, fossils, shells, Indian and war relics, coins,
medals, tokens, stamps, colonial, continental,
U. S. and. confederate money, state notes,
broken bank bills, curiosities etc.; for same.
E. M. HAIGHT, Box 24, Riverside, Calif.

WILL EXCHANGE.—A fine collection of
fossils and minerals: for good bicycle, safety
preferred. All answered. 'T.S. HILL, Knox-
ville, Iowa.

WANTED.—To exchange skins of this locali-
ty for others. Only first-class skins wanted
and sent. Address. GEORGE P. BUTLER, 946

Jones St., Augusta, Ga.

NOTICE !—A_ watch, rifle and a white swan
stuffed to exchange for first-class birds’ eggs.
All letters answered. Address, STANTON R.
CLARK, Mukwonogo, Wis. :

TO EXCHANGE.—A Legerdemain cabinet
and 220 cigarette pictures; for good U. S. or
foreign stamps. H.G. LEAVITT, 16S. Arling-
ton Ave., East Orange, N. Y.

BOYS Useful Pastimes, Rollo’s Experiments
and Museum, Tyndall’s Forms of Water, and
Bird Preserving, all in good condition,cost $1.60
or Ohio Palaeontology: for Jorda’n Manual or
Lattin’s climbers. J. C. GALLOWAY, Mont-
gomery, Ohio.

EXCHANGE EXTRAORDINARY.—I have a
few South American birds’ eggs, such as_ Falk-
land Thrush, Perdlx, etc. (for description of.
latter see Youth’s Companion, 18389, No. 5! or
52) to exchange for first-class birds’ eggs in or-
iginal sets with complete No. 8 data. No post-
ards wanted. All acceptable offers answered.
W. MORGAN MARTIN, St. Louis, Mo.

I WOULD like to corressond with persons,
who have got Indian relics, to sell or exchange,
from Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Rhode
Island and Connecticut. J. W. JACKSON,
Belchertown, Mass.

WANTED.—The address of a few western or
southern coliectors. who would like to collect
skims for me this spring, can give good ex-
change in rare eggs, skins, eyes, or will pay
cash. Send list of what you can collect. JAS.
P. BABBITT, 10 Hodge’s Ave., Taunton, Mass.

TO EXCHANGH.—Sset of 5 eggs and one of 2
eggs, No. 53 and others. first-class with full da-
0a; for pair of climbing irons, strapped, write
first. CHAS. WISH, York, Ala.

TO EXCHANGE.—A new model champion
single-barrel, breech loading shot gun, 12 bore,
Side snap, patent fore end fastenings, pistol
grip stock. double bolt and rubber butt; for the
best offer in bird skins or first-class typewriter.
The gun is in perfect order. Gnlls and Sea
birds preferred. WM. T. SMITH, Wayne:
Del. Co., Pa.

TO GiVE Eastern and Southern collectors a
chance to procure my lined and unlined trays
cheap in exchange for eggs, skins. curiosities.
etc., I have moved here. All trays made to
order (any size) of strong, pure white card-
board, cloth corners. Send list of what you
have. Samples for stamp. E. J. SCHAEFER,
407 Second St., New Orleans, La.

TO EXCHANGE.—Black Walnut shot gun
case, worth $3.00, finely finished and lined with
plush, brass mountings, lock and key. places
for 50 shells, wads and loading tools; I will ex-
change for best offer of first-class eggs. with
data. GEO. W. MORSH, Box 731, Moberly, Mo.

DOUBLE barrel shot gun, “breech loading
preferred, repeating rifle., Colt. Remington 02
Smith & Weston revolver; will give cash in ex-
change or eggs in sets, books. watch and many
other articles, or will exchange forgjcash. C.
BYRON, VANDYCOOK, Odin, Ils.

WANTED.—At once, a pair of climbing irons
lantern -and

Will give in exchange a jmagic
Slides, worth $4.50. L. L. KNOX, Giddings.
Tex.

TO EXCHANGH.—A legerdemain outfit. Vols.
VII. 1X and X, Golden Days, and St. Nicholas
for °85 and °86; for a detective camera with com-
plete outfit. Write first FRANK D. JAN-
VIER, Box 128, New Castle, Del.

LOOK! LOOK!! LOOK!!! I have a collec-
tion of eges valued at $15; will exchange for a
32 cal. S. and W. revolver. Address, ERNEST
E. LEE, Covington, Ga.

WANTED—to purchase a good collection. of
birds’ eggs, side-blown, in sets or single. cash
paid for same. A.C. RANDALL, Ast. P. M..
31-33 Main St., St Johnsbury, Vt.

CAM@RA nearly new for $6.00 cash, outfit
complete. Double barrel breech-loader, $12.00
good as hew. Wishing outfit, jointed pole, 7 ft.
of line, 20 hooks,? snelled hooks 2 feather-baited.
reel, bait can etc. $1.50; will exchange if desir-
able. LETSON BALLIET, Des Moines, Iowa.

WANTED—to exchange fine job printing for
a Flobertrifie or for first-class eggs. W. R.
CONE, Gilman, Ills.

TO HEXCHANGE.—¥our hundred American
and foreign post marks, all different; for best
offer of bird skins, eggs or Indian relics. “J. T.
FITCHETT, Beaver Dam, Wis.

WANTED.—A photo outfit, for which I will
give first-class bird skins and eggs in sets.
Send description and receive list of skins. WM.
ee 1050 Ingraham St., Los Angeles.

alii.

FOR EXCHANGE.—Fine collection 563 for-
eign stamps, value $22; will exchange for books
on Ornithology and Oology. GLENN LEV-
INGS, Potsdam, St. Lawrence Co. N. Y.

TO EXCHANGE.—Bancroft’s History of the
Colonies, new, cloth, 500 pages, 2 vol. in one;
for Davie’s Nests and Eggs. T. A. CLARK,
Carthage, Indiana.

EGGS in sets to exchange for same. All let-
ters answered. MILTON C. HOWE, Monson,
Mass.

I HAVE Governor, Costume. Hero, Terrors
of America,and Shadow Albums; will exchange
for birds’ eggs in sets. CLARENCE and ED-
GAR PARCHMAN. Okolona, Miss.

WILL every person in the State of Michigan
who is interested in Ornithology send me
their address. ADOLPHE B. COVERT,
Washington St. West, Ann Arbor, Mich.

TO EXCHANSH.—Live Exotic cocoons; for
Americabh Cocoons ani pupae. PROF. CARL
BRAUN. Bangor, Me. :

TO EXCHANGE.—I have a few International
Revenue stamps which I wish to exchange for
first-class eggs in sets. Address, R. A. POM-
ROY, 20 Summers St., Bangor, Me.

26

THE OOLOGIST.

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued.

FOR EXCHANGE.—I have 26 varieties of
first-class Eggs to exchange for a good Water-
bury Watch, or 22 or 32 cal. revolver, either
single or double action. A. B. ROBERTS,
Weymouth, Medina Co., Ohio. ;

TO EXCHANGE.—I have the following first-
class singles: Ridgeways Nos, 4, 66, 223, 394,
408, 567 and 579. No postals. Address, R. W.
PATTERSON, Box 247, Parkersburg, W. Va.

TO EXCHANGE.—Breech loading shot gun,
an 4x5 camera complete also some slate off of
John Brown’s fort at Harper’s Ferry, W. Va.;
for best offer in coins and other curios.
EUGENE SHUGART, Charlestown, Jeff. Co.
W. Va. :

TO EXCHANGE.—Vol. II Golden Days, No. 20
to 52. Magic Lantern with slides. Hero and Shad-
ow Album and some novels. Yours truly, GUY
R. JONES, 103 South sth St., Allentown, Penn.

OLLCTION of several hundred varieties of

first-class Eggs in sets with full data, for
sale cheap. Write for list enclosing stamp. N.
R. CHRISTIE, Rye Patch, Nevada.

YOU should use my Oological Labels, for sale
for ashort time at 20c per 100. Order now.
Samples 2c stamp. O. H. CROOKER, Madison,

Wis.
+ AGENTS
| RUBBER STAMP

Of 1, 2, 8, or 4 lines with Pads and Ink
ONLY SScrs.
2 R. W. FORD, Bristol, Conn.
a WANTED &
|e Japanese & Indian Silk Worm
Eggs for Seed, in Silk Culture.

=

—

Different species, also the celebrated Madras
Silk Coccons, warranted to be raised success-
fully in this country. Directions given how to
raise them profitably. Prices Low.

PROF, CARL BRAUN,
NATURALIST,
BANGOR, - - - MAINE.

1891 EDITION NOW READY.
IS lathes SASS.

Bullinger’s Postal and Shippers’ Guide.

Eyery place in the United States and Canada
(about 95.000) with the railroad station and ex-
press for every place—the cheapest book ever
published. You should have the new edition.

Price, in paper covers, $2.50; in cloth covers,
$3.00, delivery to be paid by buyer. E. W.
BULLINGPR, 75 Fulton St., New York, N. Y.

CHICKENS FOR SALE

Pure Langshans cocks,also a pure Plymouth
Rock. Eggs of the finest Langshaus for sale.
$1.50 per setting. Send for prices. I will offer
the cocks very low for the next 30 days. HEN-
RY C. BRIDGERS, Tarboro, N. C. ,

AT LESS THAN WHOLESALE
FOR CASH.

At my Ann Arbor store I have the following
goods which I will sell at the following low
rates, for cash, if ordered by Feb. 15th.

If you can use them, speak quick, as you can-
not better or equal these prices in America.
All goods shipped by freight or express at pur-
chaser’s expense from our Michigan store.

500 Milk Stromba’s or small White Conchs,
good Aquaria or Out-door Ornamental Work,
40c per Doz., $2.00 per 100.

50 large pieces Bud Coral, Galaxea cespitosa,
20c each, $1.50 per Doz.

50 Cameo or Bullmonth Shells, dead, 50e size,
. 15¢ each, $1.25 per Doz.

2 Bbls. W. I. Branch Corai, Madrepora cervicor-
nis, runs about 2 bushels solid coral to Bbl..
$8.00 per Bbl., $5.00 per 4% Bbl., $3.00 per 4
Bbl., or $1.00 per gallon.

¥% Bbl. finely mixed West Indies Shells, No. 150°
Cat., $1.00 per gallon; 10 Gal. lots, $7.50.

300 White Murex, 15 to 25c sizes, $1.00 per Doz..
$7.50 per 100. P

300 Spider Shells, 15 to 25c Spec., 75c per Doz..
$5.00 per 100.

10090 Sun and Moon Shells, (No. 140 Cat.,) for:
painting, worth 10 to 25c retail, 75¢ per Doz..
$5.00 per 100: 100 selected 2d quality Shells at
40c per Doz., $3.00 per 100.

1 soap box full Minerals, mostly Pearl Spar
and Calcite Xtal Specimens, lot for only $5.00.

Large Furblo Clams, 75c each, $6.00 per Doz.;
Medium Furblo’s, 35c each, $3.50 per Doz.

300 Sea Fans, 10 to 50c sizes, assorted, $1.00 per
Doz., $5.00 per 100.

100 Rose Corals, Manecina areolata, good, 5c
Doz., %.00 per 100; 100 poor, 40c Doz..
$3.00 per 100.

50 large Sea Beavers, 25c each, $2.00 per Doz.

200 Curio Sponges, assorted at from 50c to $2.00
per Doz.

Shell, Mineral or Curio Collections at any price
from $2.00 to $100.00.

We also have a large collection of each Rocks,
Minerals and Butterflies; also a Whale’s Rib
and Vertebratae; a 2-ft. Chinese Pagoda,
bronze; a large piece of Tapa Cloth from
Samoa. ¢

We may close our Ann Arbor store during
the latter part of February and would rather
bring back the CASH than ship our goods home;
hence are willing to let our patrons have the
above goods at prices quoted.

All prices quoted in January OoLoetst for
Agate and other goods will hold good through
February. x

While all goods will be shipped from Ann
Arbor, it may be better, in order to reach me:
personally and ayoid any possible delay, to
address me at headquarters. -

PRANK H. LATPIN,
ALBION, - >a 3a

«THE # OOLOGIST3-

——<—<——

VOL. VEIL.4 < ALBION, N.

Y.. FEB., 1891. No. 2

‘Flycatcher Notes.

——

Students of-jbird life often spend a
deal of time studying the habits of new,
or rare, species, thus, sometimes, fail-
ing to note the greater part of all that
goes to make the life histories of our
common. birds—most of which is writ-
ten so plain by the little feathered auto-.
biographers. Many, I am glad to say,
prefer to cultivate a deeper aequaint-
anee with our common door-yard and
wood-land birds. It is this one thing
which makes the OoLoer1st worth so
much to many of us, presenting, as it
does, so many interesting notes on
species whose identity is so exceedingly
general. With this little note, by way
of introduction, I offer the following
notes on a few of our common birds.

The Kingbird or Bee Martin is found |
breeding in this locality in most every
place where trees of sufficient size are
found, except, in woods. It shows a
preference for trees standing alone in
the center of our fields and along road-
sides where a sharp out look is kept for
passing insects, which it generally takes
on the wing. Twice I have found nests
in trees standing by a pond and in both
instances the nest was about 10 ft. from
the shore and a little over that in heighth
from the water. In the next tree to
one of those containing one of the
above nests was a nest of the Wood
Pewee containing a full complement of
eggs and in a grove hard by I found
three nests all containing eggs. Runt
eggs of this species are often found.
Last summer I passed by a tree in an
open field, which; from the noise made |
by a pair of these birds, led me to look
for a nest; but when I found it it was
empty. As the birds did not leave I
got up in the tree and made a thorough
search and was all. the more surprised

| not to find any young birds. I left the
tree thinking how nicely the old birds

had fooled me, when, looking back, I

‘saw in one of the large limbs a number

of Woodpecker holes. Some of the
cavities had been partialy torn open,
probably by some boy, and I thought it:
barely possible that the young might be
in some of them. I climbed up and
after rattling on the limb sure enough
out they flew,—three of them—and in a
few short flights reached an orchard
near by. At each stop the old birds’
became very much excited and seemed
to be urginggthe young to keep moving.
They arrive here about May 10th, but
nesting is not generally commenced
until the latter part of the month. I
have found most all my nests in elm
trees and never have found an egg of
the Cowbird in this species’ nest. How
is this in other localities? Most writers

speak of the pugnacious disposition of

this bird but I am led to believe that
some exaggerate the truth somewhat
as I have found other species nésting in
close proximity to them and never
noticed any fights between them. I —
admit, however, that I have often seen’
them act the part of a ‘“‘bully’’; that

|their song, if one may call it one, has

a sort of challenging ring; and that they
have a savage look; but who can say
that this may not be but their way of
living up to that well known maxim:
“Tn time of peace prepare for war?”
Although dressed in very plain colors

and boasting of no song; yet what lover
of birds has not listened, on those frosty
spring mornings, when the grass is
commencing to green and all Nature is
awakening, with as much longing for”
its tinkling ‘‘pe-wee’’ as for the Biue-
bird's “Bermuda! Bermuda! Bermuda?”
I doubt if any bird is better known or
loved, throughout its breeding range,

than this one,—the Pewee.
usa little after the first of April, they
goon pair off, and, after inspecting all

‘Reaching

old sheds, bridges:
finally settle down in earnest to the
nest-making and afterwards to the rais-
ing of the hungry brood. A second
nest is sometimes commenced before
the young have left the nest. One May
morning while strolling along the banks
of a small stream, which runs along
side of a. clay bluff (about 30 ft. high)
for quite a distance, I noticed a green
ball of moss on the perpendicular side
of the bluff, and, out of curiosity, threw
a stone at it. I was surprised to see a
Phebe leave the spot and climbing to
the top of the bluff [ looked down and
saw a beautiful nest of this species con-
taining a full set of eggs. On account
of a number of springs, which trickled
down from the top, the moss, of which
the framework~of the nest was com-
posed, was always kept green. The
young reached maturity; yet the danger
during rains must have been great. A
pair of Kingfishers, nesting in the same
bluff, seemed to take great sport in
searing the wits out of the sitting bird
and the young by flying back and forth
over the nest, just as near as they
could, making a great noise; but it
seemed to me purely in sport. About
two rods from this nest, in the stream,
was a stump which had been brought
down by the spring freshet and the
roots had; become filled with drift
material. In this drift, not over eight
inches from the water, a Phebe had
built her nest, and, while Jlistening
to the purring, water had brought up
her brood. é

Arriving about a month after this
species and none the less highly esteem-
ed, by those who do not confuse the
two species, is the Wood Pewee.

The songs of the two birds are very
much the same but the way Wood Pe-
wee renders his puts him far in advance

as a musician. And how-beautifully

‘THE OOLOGIST.

and culverts, they |
groves,

ore Pewee" ‘can harmonize his song
with his surroundings so. we ever come:
to associate it with his haunts,~and,
when wandering through our beautiful
listen, unknowingly, for his
sweet cadence. It always gives mea
thrill of pleasure when I find its nest,
for to me, when containing its comple-
ment of eggs, it presents such a beauti-
ful contrast; and I doubt if I ever shall
experience as much joy when I find my
first Ruby-throat’s nest, if I ever do, as
I did when I found my first Wood Pe-
wee’s nest. Two broods are often
raised in a season as I found on Aug
30, ’89 four nests of this species all con-
taining eggs. Six nests, lying before
me, average two inches in diameter and
three-fourths of an inch in depth inside.
One of these nests is lined with wool
and I have collected two sets lined with
skeletons of leaves with but a slight.
covering of bark fibers over them. The
nests are always on a horizontal limb.
and sometimes saddled on a crotch.
Most of my nests were found in oak
trees in woods which are high and dry.
Only twice, have I found nests in but-
ternut and once in ash trees. Some-
times the eggs are deposited at quite a
little time from each other but I never
noticed, myself, whether they all hatch-
ed. My friend, Mr. Strong, did watch,
however, and he found, in one ease,
that one egg was deposited nearly two.
weeks before the rest; but on careful.
observation he decided that it never
hatched. Mr. Strong. found, also, a
most beautiful nest of this species.
which was lined with the green seed-
pods of a weed found growing near by
and when just completed was very
striking. It is very easy to locate nests.
of this bird but not so easy to find them
even when you know about which tree:
they are in so much do they look like
the tree.

The Least Flyeatcheris often seen in.

this locality but I never have been sc
fortunate as to find its nest with eggs |

- THE) OOLOGIST.

2S

Messrs. Strong and Shérin' have both | five young’ birds and’an egg. ‘Some of

- taken sets here. | fhe Strong taking
» three sets last season.
‘which’ he ‘gave me looks very much, as
-Langille and Davie both say; like the
American — Redst: art’s nest. My nest
measures, inside, 13 inches in! diameter
and 1} inches indepth. * It is composed
of vegetable fibers, thistle down, string,
some ‘silk cord, horse hair, one or two
long straws, and a little dried grass.
Mr. Strong- found in one or two of the
nests fibers from the milk-weed. The
eggs are out of proportion compared
with the size of the nest but would not
- be apt to be confused with those of
other species when accorn ‘pannied with
nest. Most nests are placed about ten
feet_from the grougd and often in the
young growth of trees along our river
bottoms; but Mr. Strong has found two
nests in orehard trees: They breed about
the first of June in this locality; gener-
ally a little later.
EpWaARD P: CARLTON,
. Wauwatosa, Wis.

_ eed

Collecting in the Marsh.

On May 11th, a friend and I started
up the Mississippi River in a small boat
for Spring Lake to look for. water birds’
eggs. After a hard row of five miles,
we arrived at the lake at 11 o’clock a.
m. We then proceeded to the head of
the lake and arrived there at noon.
After eating our dinner we left the
boat and began to wade among the
rushes. I had not gone very far before
I flushed a Sora Rail. J found the nest
at the foot of a clump ofrushes. It
contained ten eggs. The nest was
made of last year’s reeds and lined with
a few small pieces of the leaves of the
surrounding rushes. It was very com-
pact and did not look large enough to
hold all the eggs as some of them were
piled on top of the others.

After wading around for some time I
found a Marsh Hawk’s nest containing

One of the nests |

‘Pied-billed Grebe.

the birds were quite large and showed

fight. I took’ the egg which I after-
ward found to be rotten. By this time:
I began to feel a little tired so we got.
into the boat and started back.

On the way. down I found two Flori-
da Gallilunes’. nests with seven eggs in
each nest. The nests were built in a
clump of rushes.and were composed of
last. year’s rushes, and were lined with.
the leaves of the same. The eggs were:
a creamy-buff, thickly spotted with.
davk brown. and umber.

Several, Black ‘Yerns began flying:
around us uttering sharp cries. L
thought they must hare nests and
began, .to;,,search fox them. ;After
searching awhile we collected a set of
three and a set of two eggs. Also two
singles. The nests were on decayed
vegetable matter and sunken muskrat
houses, and I found one egg on a
stump. A few pieces of rushes were
on the nests to keep the eggs from roll-
ing off. Eggs were all fresh.

We had not paddled very far when
my friend found an American Coot’s
nest containing seven eggs. They were
a creamy-white uniformly spotted with
dark brown and black. This lake is a
favorite breeding place for these birds.
Where the water is clear it is ‘‘black’”
with them. It is quite a sight for the
collector when they leave the water.
We found a large number of their nests...
Some of the birds would not leave the:
nest until we could nearly touch then»
with a paddle.

Next we found several nests of the:
‘The. usual number
of eggs in a nest was seven, sometimes:
only six. Most of the eggs were cover-
ed with green vegetable matter.

Among. other birds that abound here
are the Yellow-headed Blackbirds. We
collected quite a number of these eggs-

A large number of Ducks breed here,

but we were not enabled to find any on
that day; although I have found them

before.

30

I hope this will be of interest to the
readers, of the OoLoGist and that we
will see more articles in its columns on
water birds. f

F. C, SHEPHERD,
Hastings, Minn.

House Finch.
(Carpodacus frontalis.)

A common resident of all parts of
California is the House Finch, or as
he is more commonly termed Red-
headed Linnet. I have found this spec-
ies of Fringillidae very common in
Southern California where the serenity
of nature is undisturbed by wintry
blasts, where frost and storms are un-
known.

The House Finch is a — sweet
songster; from any suitable perch, a
tree, chimney, fence, or house-top. The
merry song of this bird may be heard
in any month of the year. Spring and
Summer are to him days of sweetest
bliss; feeding and singing, singing and
feeding from morning till night. How
often does he visit the cherry orchard,
but does he not pay for the cherries in
songs? I fear, however, the farmers
prefer the more substantial, money rea-
lizing cherries, rather than the pleas-
ant songs. To-day in mid-winter I
heard a littie fellow on the top of a
neighboring barn singing with all his
might. Perhaps the bright sun and
green fields reminded him of his distant
summer home which he had just left
cold, dreary and lifeless. He must have
been a stranger for his song seemed to
out-class the songs of our birds which
have grown somewhat indolent basking
in the rays of an ever genial sun. The
invigorating sight was conducive to
such a song; everything was green
with a cloudless sky overhead, the gen-
tlest of breezes played carelessly in an

orange grove below exposing, nuw and,
then through the leaves as they opened stand on the solid earth.

and closed with the varying winds, rich
i

THE OOLOGIST. —

golden oranges. A strawberry patch’ :

lay close at hand and from this the lit-
tle raseal had just emerged after haying
a delicious feast, yes, a feast on rich,
red strawberries in mid-winter. _He--
sang as if his little throat would burst,
his form quivered with the fervor of his
song—ample renumeration was giyen |
for the few berries he had taken. At
last his song ceased, and with a few
merry chirps he threw himself into the *
air and was soon lost to sight. I will
wager, however, the strawberry patch’
will receive another visit from this same
roguish little fellow, but let him ‘come
with that cheerful song—he is a weél-
come visitor.

Although his habitat is confined to
the temperate parts of Western North
America. I venture to say that the
House Finch has as much _ bird
knowledge and experience as any cos-
mopolite in the feathered world.
Quick yet dignified in actions, pleas-
ant in appearance, sweet and cheerful
in song, the-House Finch has made
himself a favorite in the homes of the
West.

As may be expected, the House Finch
is not select in its site for a home. After
match-making is over, any place that
suits the artless fancy of the birds is
chosen as the place for their home, then
both male and female go to work with
a will collecting roots, bits of paper,
strings horse hair, in fact anything.
readily obtained, The nest issoon con-
structed and in it are placed four or
six bluish-white eggs, dotted with dark-
brownish black. The eggs. are about
size of those of the Orchard Oriole,. per-.,
haps a trifle smaller. I well remember
my first find as an oologist was.a set. of
this species. _ ] remember how I seram-
bled out on the horizontal limb of an
oak, swaying to and fro with the breeze.
while a friend coaxed me on with flat-
tering terms only used by those who
I got that
nest and carried it home in triumph,

THE OOLOGIST.

but alas those eggs are no_ longer.

among existing things, they have passed
into that great oblivion of demolished
vological. specimens from which they
never will nor never ean return.
Harry C. LIiin, |
Santa Barbara, Cala.

Bald and Golden Kagles in lowa.

“Tela, ¢

Bluffton is a village about 12 miles
from Decorah. As its name indicates,
there are a number of high bluffs near
the village. Both Golden and Bald
Eagles had been seen a number of times
by different parties. At last Chas.
Jackson made up his mind that there
were eagles nesting there, he began to
look and, after a time, he found their
nest on Silver Creek, about 5 miles
from Bluffton, but secured no eggs, ag
it was then winter. .

He then set a trap and captured first
a Golden Eagle, (a very large one)
then, setting it again, he captured a
Bald Eagle measuring 8 ft. from tip to
tip.

That there are many eagles there is
no doubt. A Mr. Neill, the miller, has
told me that he frequently seen them
from his mill.

This gentkeman also saw one Golden
and one Bald Eagle on his way home
from Bluffton to Decorah last Friday.

I shall investigate the matter myself
in the spring as Iam going up there.

A.V. THOMSON,
Deeorah, Ia

A Curious Pair of Swallows.

A pair of swallows built’ their nest
in the highest part of our barn; when
all the other swallows left I still noticed
this pair of swallows flying about eatch-
ing flies and feeding their young. Now
last week, the 19th of Nov., I missed the
swallows, and in order to clean the
barn TI took a stick and poked the old
nests down. Now here I found two (2)
young swallows so I picked them up

31

and examined them and ‘noticed tha
neither had wings nor legs—there wa
no signs of either. I pulled the feathers
away to see, but the skin was just as
smooth there as on the breast.

I would like to hear of any of the
readers if they ever run across a bird
like these two.

V. LINSENBARTH,
Los Angeles, Cala.

Nesting °f Spinus pinus in the North-west.

Although the Pine Siskin is listed in
most of the northern localities as com- °
mon or perhaps abundant, there has
been but little said about the nesting
habits.

In this section it begins to carry
building material about the 15th or
latter part of April and fresh eggs may
be found as early as May Ist.

It generally nests in fir trees, but
nests have been found in both maple
and oak trees. They are placed from
eight to twenty-five feet from the
ground.

A set of three eggs before me was
taken May 7, 1889. The nest was
placed on the end of a fir bough, eight
feet up, and composed of fir twigs and
grass, and lined with hair. The eggs
are pale greenish-blue in color, sparing
ly spotted near the larger end with red- _
dish-brown and pale lilac, and average
.63 x .49 in size.

Three eggs. seem. to be the standard
number in a set here, for out of several
taken, (among which two sets were in-—
cubated) none of them contained over
three eggs. rebeane
CLYDE L. KELLER,

Salem, Oregon.

a

- Harly Nesting of Bubo Virginianus.

H. E. Hershey, of Nebraska City,
Neb., thinks he is. entitled to a medal
for taking a set of two eggs of the Gt.
Horned Owl, on Jan 17th, but as C. B.
Vandycook reports a set of three on-
Jan. 10th, ‘‘ten days along,” we hardly
think it would be fair to send him one.

‘THE a

THE pe peg

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EDITOR AND PUBLISHER. |

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a a REED

A Correction.

lf the observer, who writes from
Conn. in January number of the QoLo-
Gist, had taken a little more pains to
inform himself, he never would have
made such a random assertion about
the Sparrow Hawk as is contained in
the latter portion of his article. | It
does not seem: to me to be the part of a
true ornithologist to so condemn any
bird, without a long series of most care-
ful and accurate observations.

In the works of nearly every ornitho-
logical writer, may be found favorable
mention of the Sparrow Hawk; and the
report for 1887 of the Ornithologist and
Mammalogist of
Agriculture furnishes conclusive. eyi-
dence of this little faleon’s good qualit- ;
ies. It is there seen from the table of |

the Department. of

stomach contents; that out of 133 stom-

-achs examined, only 29 contained birds
}of any kind, while 15 of these contain-

ed also small mammals, inseéts, or
larvae. Of ‘the réemaindera very large
_| proportion -eontained small quadrupeds
(principally mice) or insects.

In light of these facts it is safe so as-
sume that our friend erred through
ignorance rather than an intention to:
mislead.

1s OF OBERHOLSER,

“Wooster, O.

_ A Large Set or Series of the Red-headed
Woodpecker.

While looking over some back num-
bers of the Ooxogist, I saw recorded
several large sets of the Red-headed
Woodpecker. I think that I ean ‘beat
all previous finds, if thr following ser-
ies of eggs, can be considered a set.

On May 5th, 1890, while collecting
eggs in an old orchard, I saw a Red-
headed Woodpecker fly out of a hole in
an large apple tree. I climbed up to it.
Instead of cutting the hole open in the ©
usual way, I cut a small aperture a lit-
tle larger than an egg, near the bottom
of the nest, and obtained 5 fresh eggs
by means of a bent wire. I plugged
the aperture with a piece of wood,
thinking that the bird might lay again.

On May 12th, I chanced to pass the
same tree, and thought I would see if
any more eggs had been laid. I found
that it contained 5 more fresh eggs. I
again visited it on May 17th, and got 4
eggs. I took 5 more from the same
nest on May 25th, and 5 more May 3ist,
and 4 more June 4th,

During a storm, the plug of wood
was blown out, and it rained in. the
nest and the.birds deserted it. Three
weeks later, to my surprise, I found
that the bird had built a new nest in
the same tree, and it cantained 4 young
birds. The. eutire series of 28 eggs

: being taken in 31 days.
C.’C’ Bacon,’ Bell, Ky.

RHE OOLOGIST.

33

“The Barred Owl. :

This drondertti bird is found Farsi
out New England. Its plumage is ex-
tremely soft and cinereous, which com-
bined with its great breadth of wings,
makes it remarkable for its soft, rapid
and noiseless flight.

The reports that it preys upon fish
are probably false, but if it does prey
upon them it is a very rare occurrence,
and then only when pressed by hunger.
It is very easily tamed and at once
becomes a very interesting and amusing
pet.
A Barred Owl that is in my possess-
ion, I keep in the hay-loft of a barn.
When I go to feed it, it flies down and
alights on a beam, close by me, and
there allows himself to be fed. If a
stranger comes into the loft however,
the owl at once spreads out his wings,
and ruffling his feathers, he snaps his
bill and winks at the intruder.

One day a kitten got into the owl’s
domains and there was at once great
confusion. I heard the noise and went
to the kitten’s rescue but not before her
back was bleeding from the sharp
talons of the owl. Not knowing
whether my bird was able to supply
himself with food or not, I did not feed
him for eight days. On the morning of
the ninth day, on showing him_ his
meat, he grasped it in his talons, and
then before eating it he disgorged a
ball about the size of silk-worm’s
cocoon. On examining it, I found that
it Was composed entirely of fine hairs
and the vertebra of a mouse. This
showed me he was clearing the loft of
its mice and could take care of himself
in case of my absence.

When the owl is hungry or lonesome,
he utters a long sad wail, which sounds
like the cry of an infant. On offering
him a pigeon he wil! ruffle his feathers,
and if it is put close to him he will
strike.at it with his wings.

Most people believe that the Barred

Owl, or any owl for that matter, is.
only able to see in the dark. Probably
this is merely supposition, as my ow]

‘ean see as well i in the day time as any

other bir d I have ever seen in captiv ity ~
EDWARD FULLER,
Norwich, Conn. °

Yellow-breasted Chat.
(Ieteria virens.) aks

This brightly plumaged warbler’ is:
quite plentiful in this locality (Hudson.
Co., N. J.,) though not often seen on
account of its retiring habits.

The color of an adult male is as fol-
lows: Above, olive-green or olive-gray-.
ish; the throat, chest and breast, rich
gamboge yellow; belly, anal region,
and under tail coverts, white; eyelids,.
suploral streak and malar stripe, white:.
lores deep black. It measures in length
from 7.00 to 8.00 inches, wing 3.05 te
3.35, tail 3.30 to 3.60. The coloring in
the female corresponds to that of the.
male, except being some what duller,
and the black and white markings less.
contrasted.

The nest is generally placed in
clumps of bushes or briars from two te,
three and one-half feet from the ground.
A nest found May 30, 1890, containing
four fresh eggs, which were glossy-
white, with a pinkish cast spotted with.
madder-brown and lilac-grey. The:
nest (a typical one) was composed out-
side of withered leaves, grape-vine:
bark and grass; lined with finer grass.
Three to five eggs represent a clutch of
this species. The eggs vary in size from
.84 to .95 inches length, and .65 to .7@
inches breadth.

Ieteria virens is an inhabitant of the
briars, brambles, bushes and_ such
shrubbery as grows most luxuriantly in
low wet places. Its principal food,
larvae and insects, seldom leading it
higher than the tops of the under brush.

JOHN LUHRMAN,
Jersey City, N. J.

THE OOLOGIST. | --

Anna’s Hummingbird.

This beautiful little hummingbird is
quite plentiful in this locality, being
seen in most every orchard and flower
garden nearly all the year around.
The male is of a green color on the
back and top of head, and throat (when
held to the sun at a certain position) of
a glowing red color. The female being
of a plain color and without the nice
throat and top of head.

In Noy. and Dec. these humming-
birds begin to mate by flying in pairs
one after the other at a very fast speed
all through orchards and air, and in as
early as Feb. they begin to nest till as
late as July.

Last season I took one nest in Feb.
and another in March, both not being
more than 50 feet apart. I suppose
they were built by the same pair.

The nests of this bird can be found
in willow, sycamore, live oak, orange,
peach and plum trees; in fact they
have no special choice. I. have found
one nest placed on a bud ofa thistle;
the nest was built of a material of the
same color as the bud, thus making it
very hard to find.

These birds may be found to nest in
orchards, on mountains, in Swamps, in
‘canons, and along streams.

The nests are built of the down of
trees or other vegetation, and always
has such a color as to look the object in
which it is built.

As this is one of the eommonest of
our hummingbirds I take it up first,
but later on I will let the readers know
something about others of this locality.

A. W. Nourse,
Los Angeles, Cal.

><>

Birds North of Their Usual Range.
Returning here in June, from a col-
lecting trip along the Mexican Border,
I immediately began to look after the
birds, hoping to fill up afew gaps in
my list of skins. or eggs.

“While shooting one day on a range of
high hills about a mile west of this
place, I took a Wood Thursh. This
surprised me; as in many years collect-
ing I had. never seen or heard of one
here before, and the books all agree
that their northern limit is farther
south. '

A few days later I toa two others
and saw more. ‘They seemed to be
common.

I also found a nest with one egg, but
‘when I went to it again it had been —
destroyed.

Now this place is in the north part of
Washington Co., N. Y., on the Vermont
line, and about even with the south end
of Lake Champlain.

While on the same hills one day I
heard the well-known notes of the Yel-
low-breasted Chat, but did not take the
bird. A few days later, however, I
shot a fine male in the same locality,
and have no doubt the pair were breed-
ing.

Subsequently, in a dense thicket, and
three miles away, I heard another Chat
singing, and saw a female bird very
distinctly. They seem to have the
same habits as the Long-tailed Chat.
of which I have taken a great many.
At times I find them singing and have
no trouble to shoot them. Again they
will get into a thicket of vines and
bushes, and I have watched for them
two hours, hearing them all the time,
but going away without getting a shot.

Now with a very mild winter and
early spring, did the birds go farther
north than usual that they should
appear where neyer seen before?

I have also known of three instan-
ces where the Orchard Oriole has .
nested in this town.

F. T, PEMBER,
Granville, N. Y.

>< <=> >

Ege Collecting —The Two Classes.

For conyenience in writing this arti-

jcle, I have divided my subject into two

THE OOLOGIST.

35

classes, viz.: Scientific collecting, and
collecting simply for the purpose of
having a collection. The former should
be allowed, the latter suppressed, and
the sooner the better.

A great deal of complaint is being
made about the destruction of our
native birds by killing and by the rob-
bing of their nests, but this complaint
is mostly done by those who do not
stop to make any distinction between
these two classes of collectors.

The destruction done in the name of
science is not one-half so great as the
wanton destruction done by the boys
who collect eggs, put them on a string,
and pride themselves on having the
greatest number of eggs of the robin or
eatbird.

One case comes to my mind while
writing, of two boys who, in one day,
gathered together 64 eggs of the cat-
bird, and all these were broken by
them, not one being kept to grace the
cabinet of even a ‘‘Great American Egg
Hog!”

The nests robbed by this class of col-
lectors are mostly those of the small
insectivorous birds which nest in our
gardens and orchards, the collectors
usually lacking that knowledge of
birds which enables them to discover
any nests except those upon which they
stumble by mere chance.

In most states there is a law prohibit-
ing the robbing of birds’ nests. I think
that scientific collectors should be pro-
tected, but the other class should be
watched closely and punished to the
extent of the law for each and every
offense.

To the “Egg Hog” the bird’s egg is
nothing, and to him it appears as of no
more value than an oval stone, while to
the scientific collector it is the most
wonderful thing in the world.

It makes my blood boil within me to
think of the great number of eggs that
are taken each year, without the cause
of science for the collector to lean on.

But, after all the complaint that has
been made against the wanton plunder-
ing of birds’ eggs, is there any way of
putting a stop to it?

If any of the readers of the OoLoGist
have an opinion on this matter, I would
like to hear from them, either person-
ally or through the pages of the OoLo-
GIST.

““ATX SPONSA,”’
Nebraska City.

A Perfect Collection.

It has occurred to me to write a short
sketch of a valuable collection of eggs
made here in Michigan, and of its
owner who possesses some peculiar and
laudable traits as a collector. The
gentleman referred to is Mr. K. RB.
Willhelm of this city, Kalamazoo.
The sketch given here would appear
like an advertisement for him did I not
assure your readers that M. W. has
never sold any eggs or made any ex-
changes from his collection.

Mr. Willhelm has been engaged in
the scientific collecting of eggs for
eight years and has devoted his spare
time to this interesting pursuit from
February to July each season. His
occupation is such as to demand nearly
all of his attention during the spring
months and therefore his time in the
field is often limited to a very few days.
The devotion exhibited in collecting is
only surpassed by his superior skill in
preparation of his eggs, and for con-
scientious work in saving specimens
advanced in incubation, it is fair to say
that he has no superior. To my knowl-
edge he has removed the contents of
the larger hawks’ eggs when ready to
hatch, through one hole of three-six-
teenths inch size. His skill and pro-
cess of preparing eggs are entirely
from his own efforts and study and are
the outcome of. patience and love of a
perfect collection. :

Mr. Willhelm is an intrepid climber

36

THE, OOLOGIST.

and the feats that he performs if re-
corded would only be _ believed by
others. of equal powers. Climbing
smooth-barked syecamores of from six
to ten feet in circumference. are easy
performances for him and I have seen,
him ascend a tree five feet in diameter.
Not long since the tackle at the top of
our city weather-signal pole became
clogged and a big reward was offered
to anyone who would ascend the pole
and arrange the ropes. All the tele-
graph pole climbers in the city bluffed
at it, but Willhelm went to the top—
one hundred and thirty feet—arranged
the tackle and came down again in six
minutes. Not less than three thousand
people witnessed the performance.

Of course it will be remarked that
such a climber would be yaluable as a
collector of hawks’ eggs, and it may be
said that his skill as a climber is a
direct result of his liking for eggs of
hawks and owls, and some of his scores
indicate his success in this line of col-
lecting. Perhaps his largest score is
one made during the past season, when
in a three days’ float down the St. Jos
eph river, he collected one hundred and-
thirteen eggs of the Buteos. On single
days he has taken over fifty hawks’
eggs and I have seen him collect over
forty Cooper’s and Red-shouldered’s
eggs in ten hours. It must not be
thought that hawks’ eggs are more
plentiful here than elsewhere, the point
of his success lying in his accurate
knowledge of the habits of the birds,
covering a large tract of territory ina
day and quick climbing.

Many of his hawks’ and owls’ eggs
are blown with so small a hole that
nothing larger than a No. 10 shot pellet
will pass in and all are perfection; in
fact I have never yet seen so perfect a
collection as his. He has never added
to his collection by exchange or pur-
chase, preferring to collect all his sets
alone.

SCOLOPAX. |

Texas Notes,

This locality is probably a very rich

j ornithological field, but there seems to

be a scarcity of collectors here. .
Though during the last season, I
have had very little time to collect
eggs, I mapvaged to spend the latter
part of the season in the observation of
the species here which are mostly new
to me, I haying lived in Kansas for the

last nine years and just arriving in this
county at the beginning of the season.

Among the birds which I noticed firs,
were the Nonpareils or Painted Bunt-
ings, the Roadrunners, Loggerhead
Shrikes and Scissor Tailed-flycatchers,
all of whom were new to me. The
Shrikes are unusually voracious and
will even dash into houses in their
attempts to kill canary and other cage
birds. The Loggerhead in striking a
bird in a cage usually manage to strike
it squarely on the neck, nearly sever-
ing the head from the body. . One.
raided a cage of my canaries early this

year, and was only killed after having

made way with one; and seriously
wounding another.

The birds which are most common
here are Turkey Buzzards, Mocking-
birds, Catbirds, Robins and _ Field
Larks, which are here by the thousands
at the present time.

While boating on the Brazos, one
day, I noticed quite a number of
Herons, Cranes and other long-legged
birds, but could not get close enough
to find out definitely of what species
they were.

I have also observed several species
of Hawks and Owls, and a solitary
White Pelican.

IT would like to hear more from Texas
collectors through the columns of the
OOLOGIST.

J. K. STRECKER, JR.,
Waco, Tex.

THE OOLOGIST.

37.

PRIVATE COLLECTION FOR SALE

By. F..1. JENCKS, (Formerly Southwick & Jencks).

‘The figures following names are number of eggs in set.
To sell the lot rapidly, will give discounts as follows:

The ‘‘s” means single.
25 per cent offon $1.

And send pr epaid.

specimens being sold you wish your money refunded.

AIMmencanmbiaredGnLenve:e. wreath wie 4534 Syd 20s Grounds Dove Le Mss ie BOI |
Black-throated, Loon.....2.2..:....22.2.-..2. ee ean 20-| | Black Vulture...

Red-throated Loon..... ant eae 25 | Cooper’s Hawk .....

SERENE So Se es ces oe spent ates 20 | Red-tailed Hawk

Pigeon Guillemot. PRE oH dnlege ne Go Rss -S .40 | Red-shouldered. Hawk

INIDENAS CORR CR EAS ieee Se eee Ss .20 | Swainson’s Hawk 2
@aikormarVinEnes sco ye 1,s .%! Broad-winged pees s
Va AOR Co AnMice. 6 cee ne 2 Es aa baa Ss .20 | American Osprey... SERRE AS Hf cee Lae ES,
LS Fgh ee Speers v5 | American Barn OWl....-. 6
Parasitic Jaeger .6€0 | American Long-eared’ Owl. -..............2. s
Great Black-backed Gull COMBS CLEECINO@ Wis eee arp ees ccms erate cn: Ae uned F
American Herring Gull...i2020...2... ‘ 15; Burrowing Owl... yeaa ay
Ring-pilled:Gull ve. cs.. eee a. .30 | Downy Woodpecker

Laughing Gull... .20 | Baird’s Woodpecker... Be aS eee
Franklin’s Gull... Wat PVG OUSERC Wie Ce verse peniees See een ren em tke :
Caspian Memneartys.ik! 4 coud: 50 | Acadian Flycatcher

Royal Pernmie -sa.5: 40) Traill’s Flycatcher...

Forster’s Tern........ aonpueash Mivcatchet =.
Common Tern ....... 208. };American Magpie 1).

PAIR GhIGR erm uesoN Fea et apse A -15 | California Jay pe
east’ Tern). ......-.. OSs ish Crow 52... eRe ee a BR oe
Sooty Tern.-2.2.:::. .o) | Pri-colored Blackbirds S4.55522.5.n 5
Black TPern...._...-.. -12 | Boat-tailed Grackle.............. 222.52. 3,8
Black Skimmer oH) IE Whe one IM bavel Me ee ee 4-5, 8
TEN bole oun 1221-1 em as a aD aon oo dU) |) QELS YS (Ey) Ua aKe) Nye ass Bee 4
Mam pihearwater 2.0000... /55 0. 1.00 | Lawrence’s Goldfinch ..........2...2......: 4,8
Teale Sah eubely er. = hao Se AL eds poe a3 .15 | Chestaut-collared PT ee Ss
CWOrmornam begs Blas Fs a eas Evie ay .50 |- Yellow-winged a as doa eA AS
Double-crested Cormorant 35 | Sharp- -tailed Sparrow... aS)
Brandt's Cormorant................ 50 | Seaside Sparrow s
Baird’s Cormorant _........... 50 | Lark Sparrow... weeeess 0-4-5, S
Brown Pelican? -.....-.-.-.. 25 | White-Throated ‘Sparrow.. bran O'S: 4,8
Red-breasted Merganser.. 30!) Slate-coloredjimmeowes 4.8
JRE NTO! ssh eae aR is Ne a eas 20 | Gray-headed Junco 4
vane noeiteeeeeens an he ASR ES Cia te NAA NAOY 0) fo) OWENS aetna ree a 4
Blue-winged Teal 25 | Towhee s
Shovyellors os. 40 | Canon Towhee 3
USCC cree oe en 25 | Rose-breasted Grosbeak

White-faced Glossy Ibis - 125 | Lark Bunting

WheasteBiiterm: 2.2 ees ces | eee eas ie eee eee 5, Ss 20 | Scarlet Tanager 3,8
Snowy Heron.................. 15)| Summer Managers 22 52 se 4.8
Louisiana Heron TKO) MESS TSM NMO NS to ie to el 4.8
Crecnpereronmc 6 pe Pe ee 8 4 10 ' Cedar Waxwing... 8-4-5
Yellow-crowned Night Heron ; 25 | White-rumped Shrike _ :
AYA eeaa ie) Te TE ae a AC 20) Bluesheadedcvincoe bers) en ee oes
Ona steiner ti) Pa A te 08 | White-eyed Vireo... Pe NS i
PusplesGalbinule. fas. baaiihes 20 \ibell’s Vireo a =e

Florida Gallinule.. 10 | Yellow-breasted Chat -.:7..)...22.0 202! ai
American Coot.. act OStiisAmenican: Dipper ws. ee eee
Bartranian Sandpiper. pa ires ered eye Aa 40'| Sage Thrasher...
Spoitediscandpipervill cio Ae ules: He Cao lnnias Vel Chasse pete steen nibh eet enoan Sean
Walson's Pilover..fotsoudi-lait furs a 3,5 2 | Tufted Titmouse-.........

American Oyster-catcher..-................ GOR HIS US NRG es: sre seresaneeeee sme nalts aeie) Mauna SUN ese 8-5
Bopswbite: elie etary Vey 16 10-| Olive-backed -Thrush..-.......0-.22.002.2002., n 4°
Ruffed Grouse Ss syle kere caniry YM Mabib shoves <n Se ee 4
Pepicnipreem ene mec sr le tee Rie De tae | oy %, 15 | Western Bluebird... oe... Ss
DAPeuG FOUSEBS2. 19. alrgoleicn ‘tol anreda. Ss BO WMommtba in ae le rng et eee ee ee n 4

Have also a lot of Native and Foreign Skins.

‘Allsets have date.

331-3 per cent off on $5. 50 per cent off on $50.

When ordering please send substitute list, unless in ease of

A-fine lot of Mounted Birds

aud some books including a set of Nuttall Bulletins, particulars of which will be

sent upon application.

FRED T. JENCKS, Drownville, R. I.

.

a6 aa) OOLOGIST..

ARE YOU INTERESTED |Our Birds In Their Haunts.

In botany and ornithology? Then send for a
sample copy of

ORNITHOLOGIST AND BOTANIST

and you will be happy. This is an &page
monthly, full of interesting matter, by the fore-
most writers, and it costs but 20c a year. Send
at once to JOSEPH EH. BLAIN, Publisher,
Binghamton, N. Y.

LOOK! LOOK!!!

Our unequaled approval sheets of fine stamps
for 91 now ready, at 40 per cent. commission,
_ send for them. We also have ready 40 centen-
ial packets containing 500 well-mixed foreign
stamps, 100 varieties of foreign stamps, 25 var-
ieties of U. S. stamps, price only 35c. “Try our
perfect stamp hinge (die cut) price 15¢ per 1000.
Address all orders to

MIDDLESEX STAMP CO.

Lock Box770, Natick, Mass.

NEW DIRECTORY.

Grandest ever published will contain 1000 to }

2000 names. Names inserted in any column
free. Terms: Page $3.00, part of page same
rate; ex. 4c per word. Notice my ad. in Jan.
OOLOGIST, send everything in by Feb. 25 to in-
sure insertion. Price of directory 10c until
published, Mar. 1st when the price will be ad-
vanced to 15c. Send in your order now. No
stamps taken. For full information address,

JAMES HILL,

KADINBURG, ILLS.

A POPULAR TREATISE ON
THE BIRDS OF EASTERN NORTH AMERICA
BY REV. J. H. LANGILLE. M. A.

Brief descriptions, and for the most part
FULL LIFE HISTORIES are given of all the
species common east of the Mississippi, with
special attention to the songs and nesting, and
the curious and fascinating, of which there is
so much in the lives of these wonderful crea-
tures. The narrative follows, for the most
part, the order of the seasons, and groups itself
about certain interesting localities, as Niagara
River and St. Clair Flats. Migration, instinct,
the analogy of nidification, the specialized
forms and adaptations of structure in birds,
etc., all made readable. :

The work is mostly from personal observa-
tion, incorporating a full report for Western
New York and the adjoining regions of the
great lakes, and a pretty full report for Nova.
Scotia, also a good deal of direct information
from Hudson’s Bay, by means of an excellent
correspondent.

800 cut down, 624 pages on fine tinted paper.

25 illustrations, handsomely bound in cloth

PRICE $3.00.
A FEBRUUARY OFFER.

To every purchaser of Langille’s Work dur-
ing the month of February,’91, who send an ad-
ditional 30 cts. to pay the postage, I will make 2
present of a paper ($1.25 style) copy of the lat-
est edition of Davie’s ‘“‘Key to the Nests and
Eggs of N. A. Birds.”

Address all orders to

PRANK H. LATTIN.
ALBION, 2 2 INE NE

TAXIDERMISTS & COLLECTORS.

I am prepared to furnish FIRST-CLASS
skins of the sea birds of Maine, with data.
Flesh specimens furnished. send list of what
you want. Rates low, by cash, discount on
series. Address ARTHUR H. NORTON,
2mf Saccarappa, Maine.

BOYS!

All subscribe for the ‘‘Youths Journal,’ 3 mo.
for 10c; devoted to Mineralogy, Stamps and
general Natural History School news and news
that every boy wants, also REMEMBER 3 .mo.

for 10c.
A. M. SHAW, Pub. Jackson, Mich.

» FOSSILS, MINERALS & WOODS.

At the end of 380 days this offer wiil be withdrwn.
MMBOSSIhec eS MACE Nace Ser t ce ae are

1 Seale from 100 yr. terapin
The whole lot for 30c.
Send $1.00 and get 12 fossils, all different, 12

species polished wood, all different, small fossil

list for stamp. Yours faithfully, R. A.

BROWNE, Box 63, Mt. Carmel, Ky.

Rare Galifornia Views.

Enclose stamp for catalogue. Sample of
views will be sent upon receipt of 25 cents.

California Art Gallery, Santa Rosa, Cal.

400 VARIETIES OF STAMPS $1.00

Duplicates can be returned.

AN UNUSUAL OFFER

W. BP. GRRANY,
827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL..
Catalogue for stamp.

JUST RECEIVED
| =A NEW Lot or—

RARE AGGs

AS FOLLOWS:

FARRALLONE ISLANDS—Tufted Puffin.
MEXICO — White-winged and White-fronted
Dove, Chachalaca. Curved-billed Thrasher.
OTHER LOCALITIES — Western, Holboelss,
Horned, Am. Eared, St. Domingo, and Pied-
pilled Grebe. Northern Divers, Black-throat-

ed, Pacific and Red-throated Loon. Com-
mon, Horned and Large-billed Puffin. Com-
mon, Calif.. Brunnich’s, Pallas’ Murre,

either single eggs or in complete sets with

full data.

Send 2c stamp for catalogue of eggs. A pre-
mium goes with every order of $5.00 or over.

JAMES P. BABBITT,

Dealer in all articles required by Taxidermists, Or-
ee Oologists, Stuffed birds, Birds’ Skins,
or Eggs:

10 HODGES’ AVE., TAUNTON, MASS.

ieealevalevaleval eval

Fane aa SRA RAED SARARR SH Yn

; é

of

“
RS
”
G xd
an”
KS) piteg tea
fi ye

: Se 7. ase i
a gO ee TES) oe CNEAESESETE.
‘ > j AS oe
v Monthly. (ep 50c. per Year. ~* o
VOL. VIII. ALBION, N. Y., MARCH, -1891.

U

Exchanges and Wants.

prief special announcements, “Wants,” “Ex

- Changes” inserted in this department tor 25c
per 25 words. Notices over 2% words, charged
«it the rate of one-half cent per word. Nec
notice inserted for less than sce. Notices
which are merely indirect methods of soliciting
eash purchasers cannot be admitted to these
columns under any circumstances. Terms.
eash with order. ;

WANTED.—To correspond with anyone that
is interested in getting up a collection of miner-
uls by exchange. A. E. COLE, East Concord,
INE abbas. :

TO EXCHANGE.—First-class birds’ skins for

“same. Correspondence solicited. J. CLAIRE

WOOD, 104 Abbott St., Detroit, Mich.

TO EXCHANGE.—South Sea Island Spear
Head (bone), Fan Coral and other curios, for
eggs in sets with data. THOMAS TRUM-
BULL, Perkins Piace, Norwich, Conn.

TO EXCHANGE.—A Legerdemain cabinet
und 220 cigarette pictures: for good U. S. or for-
eign stamps. H. G. LEAVITT, 19S. Arlington
Ave., East Orange, N. J.

WHAT “have you got to exchange for 350
Indian arrow points. W. B. SCOTT, 560 Broad
St., Augusta, Ga.

: x WANT fo exchange a 10 ib. font of type for
birds’ eggs or $2.50. Answer, aS now is your
timer C. G. FITZGERALD, Baltimore. Ma.

I HAVE in dup. 100 sp. named shells—M, L.

| All letters answered.

tion.

A.,” bound, climbing irons, oologists’ instru-
ments. R. SIGLER, 127 Midland Ave., Mont-
clair, N. J. ;

ANYONE having specimens or Natural His-
tory publications of any kind, that they are
willing to donate to the New Natural History
Library, please send to Natural History Library
Association, F. L. ENGLEBERT. Secy., Des
Moines, lowa. a

EXCHANGE.—175 papers of “Golden Days,”
450 cigarette cards and Shadow album. for best
ofter of first-class eggs, or sell each separately.
SIGMUND H. HILL,

Box %, New Milford, Conn. ’

WILL EXCHANGE Vol. 1 American Journal —

of Philately, an Ocarina, and Manton’s Taxi-
dermy, for a first-class zither. I". E. DOBSON,
73 Trask Ave., Bergen Point, N. J.

EXCHANGE.—Fossils from Towa for Fossils,
and also an Indian Arrow quiver, for best offer
in Fossils or curiosities. J. M. KILVINGTON,
Mason City, Cerro, Gordo Co., lewa.

WANTED.—A Bicycle: a Safety or 44-inch
Victor, Jr., preferred. Give accurate descrip-
Must be in A 1 condition. Have $60.00
worth of eggs to exchange. MASON GIBBES, -
56 Pickens St., Columbia, S. C.

TO EXCHANGE.-—My new Directory for 30¢
in eggs; singles preferred. Only a few left.
send at once. Also a herbarium of 50 different
plants. Make offer fortatter. LETSON BAL-
LIET, Des Moines, Iowa.

and F. W.—which I offer in exchange for named
shells: Marine, Univalves preferred. Send
lists. F.C. BROWNE. Framingham, Mass.

TO EXCHANGE.—I have some good books,
which I will exchange for minerals and curios-
ities; write for particulars. WILLIE R. BIRD,
Mason City, Iowa.

TO EXCHANGE.—Volumes 11-12 of “Golden
Days,” a magic lantern and a _ collection of
stamps, for “Davie’s Key” or a pair of climbing
irons. F. L. SAGE, 16 Hubbard Ave., Middie-
town, Conn. ,

' WANTED to purchase for cash, Bulletins of
the Nuttall Ornithological Club (odd numbers
or complete sets.) Also any other publications
relating to N. A. ornithology. Write. stating
price and condition. Should exchange be pre-
ferred, will give Baird’s Birds of America (Pa-
eifft R. R. Report vol. [X.) for best offer of Bul-
letins. J. H. PLEASANTS. JrR., 606 Cathedral
St., Baltimore, Md.

WANTED.—A collecting gun with outfit
(Maynarda’s preferred); also books for the Nat-
uralist and cabinet specimens ofall kinds. I
will give a New Roger’s Scroll Saw, rare fos-
sils. curios. and stamps. All answered. ROB-
ERT A. CAMPBELL, Hanover. N. H. :

WILL EXCHANGE collection of fifty yariet-
ies first-class eggs, mostly in sets, for 12-gauge.
double-barrel gun or good rifle. The coliection
is worth over $46.00, and includes A. O. U. No.’s
7%, 339 % 14 44 46. 343 16 4 1. 364 1-1, 212 1-11 14,
27 1-1 1-1, 77 4%, 567 14. Send description of gun
and receive my complete list. Guo. H. MATH-
EWSON, 625 Sherbrooke St., Montreal, Canada, »

I HAVE a lot of Star Fishes, from three to
five inches, and the following books: Wood’s
Botanist and Florist, Packard’s Elementry
Zoology, Steele’s Zoology and several other
beeks on Natural History, to exchange for
Indian Relics. Write stating what -you have
and your exchange price. JOHN B. PERRINE.
Valparaiso, Ind.

Noo Qn

EXCHANGE.—Large hand press and type, ©
for eggs, stamps, “Davie’s Nest and Eggs of N.

*

4

; Animal Album, for Sets with data.

| EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued.

EXCHANGE.—I have $14 worth of first-class
sets, with data, including 1-6, 367, 1-5, 366, Which
I wish to exchange for a 22-cal. rifle; Steven’s
pocket or Winchester preferred. CHAS. C.
TREMBLY, 33 Noyes St., Utica, N. Y.

TO EXCHANGE.—50 No. ‘““Youth’s Compan-

’ ion,” 50 No. Frank Leslie’s illustrated news-

aper, one vol. “St. Nicholas,” for the best offer
in climbing irons, strapped, or first-class eggs
in sets. WALTER JOHNSON, 123 W. Brook
St., Galesburg. Ill.

TO EXCHANGHEH.—Ten cigarette albums, five
whole collections of cards, 500 tobacco tags
neatly put on a covered board, for eggs in sin-
gles. Send your price-list and receive mine.
JOHN KINGSLEY, 10 Elm St., Rutland, Vt.

WANTED.—A pair of Climbers. Wil give
in exchange $2.50 worth of first-class single
eges. Will also exchange a 42-inch Improved
Otter Bicycle, for books on Ornithology and a
set of Taxidermist’s tools. GHORGE H.
SHERIDAN, West Union Avenue, Chestnut
Hill, Philadelphia, Penn.

“EXCHANGE No. 3 Kodak Camera, cash value
$40.00, Juno Safety Bicycle, cash value $30.00,
Oxford Pocket Collecting Gun, cash value $5.00.
Wanted for the above, Good Bird Dog, broken,
Cabinet, Winchester Repeating Rifle, Eggs in
sets with data or first-class Skins. Write wurst.
E. R. PECK, Clifton Springs, N. Y.

500 COCOONS of the Cecropia (largest N. A.
Moth) and 50 of the Prometha all alive; for
anything pertaining to Birds.
fre 1116 Washington Boul., Chicago,

inois.

_ TO EXCHANGE.—Bird Skins of this local-
ity; for Skins of others. HENRY HILLYER,
No. 954 Green St., Augusta Ga.

WILL D. RICH- f+

4 a x { 4 PAS Bey
COLLECTORS ATTENTION, —I want all —
your cast off clothing. Can offer for same, rare
eggs, Books by staudard authors, a shot-gun
(B. L..) a double action, 32 revolver botanical
specimens, a pair of Climbers, etc. Address.
CLARENCE RILLE, Des Moines, Iowa. —

. TO EXCHANGE.—The following Cigarette
Albums: Governor Album, Terrors of America, ©
Ruler Album and Costume Album, for best

offer of Birds’ Eggs (single.) E. ROSENTHAL ~

Swepsonville, Almance Co.. N. €.

=== = -

TO EXCHANGE.—Fifty varieties of fine cab-
inet minerals; for eggs in sets, including Lilac
Wernerite, Wernerite xld. Chiastolite xld.
ee Talc, ete. GEO. L. BRIGHAM, Boltor,

ass.

FOR EXCHANGE.—Stop! Look! A eollec-
tion of Birds’ Eggs. worth $14.00: will exchange
for best offer of fire arms of any decription,
within the next 20 days. What an offer. All
letters answered at once. - Address, J. A. Stew-
art, Covington, Newton Co., Ga. :

TO EXCHANGE.--A Gold Watch bran new.
A Philadelphia Gold filed cases with nickled
works warranted for 15 years; for best offer of
Birds’ Eggs or stamps. For full description of
watch. enclose 2c stamp and address, WILLIS
N. FLEMING, Natick Mass. é

PES AB ODP UNAS UMN SA
PERFECT King Crab. for six arrowpoints.
Perfect Crab Shed for six arrowpoints, three
Skate’s eggs for one arrowpoint. Above five
for War Club or knife. Sea curriosities. for
Indian Relics. ROLLIN T. TOMS, Stamford.
Conn. :

TO EXCHANGE.—A new compound Micro- ~
scope, magnifies 2400 times with one prepared
object. forceps. etc., all complete. packed im
polished mahogany case. valued at $2.25; for a.
good set of Taxidermists’ instruments in first-
class condition. ARTHUR L. POPE, McMinn-
villle, Oregon. —

WANTED.—Collectors make money selling
our Hame Strap. Good proof, you are not
after “‘specimens.’’ See Ad. on another page.
METALLIC HAME STRAP Co.

ONE Sand Dollar for every photograph of
Actress, or every 5 cigarette pictures of Actres-
ses, or every two papers on Oology. Box 974,
Bath, Me.

4 VOLS. Youth’s Companion, Fossils,Geodes,
Minerals, Stamps and Indian Relics; to ex-
change for first-class Sets, Climbers, or Taxi-
ser ete’ outfit. B.H. BLANTON, Frankfort,

y-

WANTED—To collect California Birds in
meat this coming spring for Eggs in Sets.
CLARENCE TRENHOLTZ, Petaluma, Calif.

I WILL give $20 in Bird Skins for a good $10
or $15 Typewriter. #40 worth for a good Hawk-
eye or Kodak Camera, write and receive list of
Skins. WM. BERMAN, 1050 Ingraham St., Los
Angeles, Cal.

I HAVE Winchester Shot-gun, almost new,
for sale, $3.25 worth of eggs, for 22 cal. Rifle,
Maynard’s Naturalists’ Guide, few coins and
Write me
for particulars. A. G. POTTER, 438 S. 24th
Ave., Omaha, Neb.

WANTED.—Indian Arrowheads; I will ex-
change @ collection of 260 varieties Postage
Stamps for best offer of the above. PERCY
SMITH, Box 143, Simcoe, Ontario.

LOUIS T. MERWIN, 1113 Jefferson St., Oak-
land, Cala., would like to become acquainted
with parties interested in Ornithology and
Oology living in Oakland, Berkeley, or Alame-
da.

TO EXCHANGE.—320 Varieties Stamps, U.
S. and foreign, in album, worth $6 or $8; for @
S. and W. or Colts 22 cal. revolver in good con-
dition. Address. R. P. Cooke, Clay Hill Acd..
Millwood, Clarke Co., Virginia.

WANTED.—To coHect Eggs during the com-
ing season for advanced collectors or dealers:
egg cabinet, rifle. tennis racquet. Ornithologi-
cal books wanted in exchange. HARRY S.
DAY, 1459, Buckland Ave.,Fremont, Ohio.

FOR SALE.—A good Smith and Weston
Ranger 22 long Revolver, only been used a few
times, self acting seven shooter, heavely nickel
plated. rose-wood handle. Will sell for best
cash offer. All letters with enclosed stamp
answered. CARL C. AMBROSE, 425 Clark St..
Evanston, Ill.

I HAVE a volumn of a paper published at
Utica, N. Y., in 1832. Bound and in fair condi-
tion; also a number of rare old books and some
polished stones from northern Michigan to ex-
change for Herkimer Co. crystals or shells.
JOSEPH ANDERSON, : 131 Allen St., Muske-
gon, Mich.

s=- Exchanges and Wants continued on second
inside cover page.

Tre

hay fn

.

“THE # OOLOGIST<

VOL. OL. VIII.

ALBION, N. Y., MARCH, 1891.

Hi RA 3

A New Year’s Soliloquy.

Tis New Year’s day, and around
many of our homes the: snow, covers
hill and dale, and perhaps is falling
fast, while around others, the green
valley and hills lie before us, and there
we find the many birds who have left
their colder clime for the milder.

How many of us to night sit by the
open fire place, and with slippered feet
against the fender, we are looking over
and studying the many notes found in

‘our note book of years past. and then
we pause a moment in those fond recol-
lections, and our thoughts wander into
the future and we wonder what the
coming year of ’91 has in store for us.

For the earnest and careful student,
of ornithology, this year will bring its
many surprises as has the past.

For what can be more pleasant, than
when out on some pleasant morning’s
stroll you stumble (I say stwmbdle for
this is the way we often come across
our most favorite finds) upon some
pretty warbler’s nest hither to unknown

to you.

‘This is a Surprise indeed, and our
hearts seem fairly to leap up in our
throats as the Saying goes, as we sit
down, and write a few hasty notes,
thinking to recall the rest when we get
home.

But alas we were to hasty, for when
we get home, after collecting a dozen
sets perhaps, we find we cannot recall
definitely which it was that had a cer-
tain peculiarity, and in this way loose
many valuable points and facts.

Therefore I say, do not be so hasty
when you go into the field, take plenty
of time have a roomy note book and
taxe down ail facts as they appeared
and if you collect but one set on your

If you find a nest with which you are
not acquainted, do not take it but wait
until you can procure the bird, for by
so doing you haye a positive identifica-
tion, which can in no other way be se-
corel and when once gotten can never
be disputed.

Not only will you work be a pleasure
and benefit to you, but to others who
perchance may not have had the benefit
or advantages which nature has given
you.

And again I say collect fewer sets
and be more thorough, in the coming—
no—in the present year of 1891.

After wandering so aimlessly over
my subject we will again return, to
where you or I perhaps together with a
friend are seated by the open fire place,
and. comparing our notes books of the
old year.

Oh, yes, and here as we turn to page
20, we note:

701, Cinclus mexicanus.
Water Ouzel.

First nest found June 2, containing 4
eggs, incubation slight; color pure
white; size .97 x .62. Nest placed on
shelf of perpendicular rock about 15 ft.
above water, and nest made of moss,
round with an entrance on side. <A
hard climb and fall.

Thus you pause a moment and after
addressing your friends per haps some-
what like this, you say:

Yes, I remember well, what a time I
had securing this set and nest. As the
rocks were nearly perpendicular and
directly above water, I secured a long
stout pole and placing it slantingly I
began my ascent, but oh! when near
the top, by some queer freak the pole
suddenly turns and I find myself in
the bottom of the creek. Picking my.

trip it will be of more value than the} self up, although somewhat wet, I

* dozen otherwise collected.

again try the experiment and this time

58

THE OOLOGIST. _

succeed, and reaching the nest, passing
my finger in, I discover 4 eggs.

This is all; my story is told, and only
those of you who are earnest students
can imagine or have realized the feeling
I had, in this my first find of the Water
Ouzel.

And thus it is (as we turn over page
after page of our note book, each tell-
ing a story in connection with our
facts,) that we spend so many pleasant
winter evenings, and long again for the
spring and summer day, when the
feathered warblers will again make
their home with us, and give to us new
stores of valuable information.

Wishing you all a prosperous new
year, I remain

Dr. A. G. PRILL,
Sweet Home, Oregon.

An Ornithological Paradise.

May 19, 1890 presented to my view as
I opened my bedroom window, an
almost matchless morning. A cloud-
less sky into which the sun was just
gliding, a gentle. breeze stirring the
maple leaves, and the peculiar fresh-
ness that spring alone can offer. A
splendid day for the woods, so after a
hasty breakfast I take my gun, car-
tridges and fish creel and step across
the road to hitch up the horse. EHven
this early my luck begins for in a small
white birch I espy a fine male Cape
May Warbler; rather risky to shoot in
the city but the rarity of the bird seems
to warrant it so a light load is his des-
truction. In the apple trees around
the barn are two Tennessee Warblers
but these are left unharmed.

After a drive of two miles in the
slushy mud of the city streets I at last
emerge into the country and far ahead
view my destination, a large clump of
pines. Near a farm house I see a pair
of Orchard Orioles, the male warbling
his pretty song; farther along three
brilliant Scarlet Tanagers are indulg-

sing a beautiful hynin of praise.

ing in a free fight over an olive colored
maiden while a Red-bellied Nuthatch
toots away in applause. In a few
moments I am hitching securely to a
small tamarack and am just ready to
start when I notice a female Yellow
Warbler fly into a clump of bushes
fifty yards away. Even at thatdistance
something peculiar in her movements
arrested my attention and approaching
nearer I am delighted to see that itis a
male Wilson’s Black-capped Warbler.
I notice that his movements are rather
deliberate and that he is shy, but fear-
ing an escape I suspend further inves-
tigation and shoot him at once. In the
bushes the Golden-winged Warblers
are everwhere uttering a harsh ‘‘che
tzay tzay tzay” while the common birds
fairly fill the air with their melody. In
all this medley of sound I distinguish a
new song proceeding from the lower
branch of a young elm; my note book
gives the following version: “A. clear
sweet song, exquisitely modulated,
resembling the syllables, chera che
chera che che che’ ‘The little perform-
er is between me and the sun so no
alternative is given to the death of the
songster; somewhat to my surprise I
find I have secured a male Maryland
Yellow-throat.

Then comes the pines. How delight-
ful they are! Pushing through a pro-
tecting barrier of raspberry vines I
stand within the grand cathedral of
Nature. A dim semi-twilight pervades
the place through which lofty colnmns
fade away into distance. A solemn
hush in the air, even the footsteps are
deadened by the soft carpet of needles.
Lest all might seem bare and desolate a
multitude of vines twine delicate forms
about the feet. Lest all might seem
lifeless hundreds of voices of Nature
Here
the Ovenbird supplicates with his meth-
odical chant, ‘‘teach me teach me,’
here the Hermit Thrush rolls forth his
grand and soul stiring hymn; here the

THE OOLOGIST.

59

Grouse booms on a fallen trunk in ris-/ents itself an isolated object to our

ing cadence. It seems that if a person
could understand all this, could enter
into the spirit of the place, he would
have gained Paradise.

Much as [ would like to linger yet
hosts of Warbler voices in the woods
beyond call me onward and I am soon
in the thick of battle. Magnolia War-
blers have begun to sing, something
that I believed they never did in this
latitude; in the small evergreens the
Canadian and Nashville Warblers are
in full song, so my note book and fish
creel are rapidly filling. Black-throat
Blue Warblers have begun their quaint
““che che che che z-u-we e e e e” in the
maple woods. Far away the whistles
blow for noon so I return to my start-
ing point, shooting the first Crested
Flycatcher of the season on the way.
After my return home I find my brother
has,shot a female Cape May Warbler,
perhaps the mate of mine, near the
barn.

STEWART E WHITE,
Grand Rapids (Kent Co.,) Mich.

“The English Sparrow Must Go.”

In the last number of THE OoLoaisr,
Mr. B.S. Bowdish, of Phelps, N. Y.,
very ably expressed himself in an arti-
cle headed, ‘‘Now,—the time to wage
war on the English Sparrow.” Mr.
Bowdish strikes the nail squarely on
the head when he says ‘‘now,” is the
time. ‘‘Behold now is the accepted
day,” might be the motto of every orni-
thologist and collector in our country
would they but arouse themselves to
to action. ‘‘Now’’ is the time, not only
because each and every spring brings a
ciecided increase in the myraid hosts of

these, the. destroyers of ‘‘avine happi-|
ness,” but this season of the year is|

peculiarly suitable for a war upon this
troublesome pest. As Mr. B. says dur-

raids—for raids they should be.

Now any sort of weapon that will kill
at short range can be used in this exter-
Mination, but about the handiest and
cheapest we know .of is a 22 calibre
rifle using B B caps. This is not only
effective but almost noiseless, scarcely
any sound being made in the discharge,
consequently there can be no objection
from any one in regard to the noise,
and the sparrows ean be reached in
their haunts even in the midst of the
city. In a certain city in Indiana
where these birds were very numerous
I have used these caps with telling
effect right around the business part of
town and no objections to my shooting
were raised.

Only two years ago, on coming into
this town for the first time, I remarked
about the small number of English
sparrows there were here. To-day
their number has increased 150 per cent
from what it was at that time. This is
only one of many instances of their
rapid growth, and this growth, if not
soon checked, will end disastrously to
the songsters in our locality.

Let us one and all prepare for action
and at once exert all our forces to rid
our communities of these intruders and
thus befriend the bird creation by des-
troying their chief enemy.

Guy M. WELLs.
Gibbson, Neb.

Fond Mothers.

Whether walking in the field or in
the forest, in the meadow or by the
brook side, one cannot help but notice
the peculiarites of instinct manifest in
animal life.

This is in all probabilites more notic-
able in birds because; they are more
domestic and more is seen of them. At
any rate the instinct which leads birds

.ing the winter season this one species!t) the protection of their eggs and

is left almost entirely alone, and pres-|

young is truly sublime.

60

THE OOLOGIST.

i

If the nest of the Whip-poor-will be
discovered, the owner immediately re-
moves the eggs to a place of greater
safety by taking them in his or her cap
acious mouth and flying off with them.

Imagine yourself if you can, for the
time being, walking in the meadow on
a bright sunny afternoon in early sum-
mer. You notice the wild flowers nod-
ding to you as you pass as if they were
bowing to welcome you to their home.
You hear the songsters pouring forth
their little hymn and anthems.

As you walk along musing on all the
glories of Nature and listening to the
warblers in the ‘neighboring hedges,
you are suddenly surprised to see just
in front of you that well known and
respected little fowl the quail, while
running about her in all directions are
to be seen the members of her numer-
ous family, each not much larger than
an English walnut; but possessing an
untold amount of activity. At a ery
from Mrs. Quail you know that you
have been discovered and each little
quail scurries off to the nearest place of
refuge. Ona second look you see poor
Mrs. Quail tumbling about like a decapi-
tated chicken. You think she is hurt
and hurry forward to take,her prisoner
(the usual first impulse of man) but as
you approach she} jumps along awk-
wardly trying to elude your grasp, still
you follow her, when suddenly she
jumbs to her feet and is off with the
swiftness of an arrow. For a moment
you stand in mute astonishment and
then turn to secnre the little ones,
which you are surprised you have not
stepped on. Buton a close examina-
tion you see they are {no where to be
found. You have, been'fdecoyed into
following the parent and the offspring
has made good their escape.

The Black-headed Plover of Africa
when it observes any one approaching
its nest will, with a dexterous move-

ment of the feet, entirely cover the eggs

Se

in the air, will walk about with as
much dignity as a stork as though it
would say ‘‘Sir, if you are looking for
a hest you are in the wrong country.”

The Pigmy Swift builds its nests by
curling up the tip of a leaf on a species
of palm tree. This shallow nest swing-
ing at the top of one the tallest of trees
you would naturally think a very in-
secure repository for the pearly eggs,
for the slightest breath of wind would
be sure to dislodge them. Ah! but the
fond mother has also thought of this
and prevents it by sticking each egg
down to the bottom of the nest with the
glutenous saliva which is secreted by so
many of this species.

‘“ELANUS”’
D, Ithaca, N. Y.

><>

Passenger Pigeon.
Editor Oologist:

Why is it that we hear so little about
the Passenger Pigeon? JI am sure some
of the readers of the OOLOGIST would
like to learn something in regard to the
present status of this famous bird. Can
someone tell us anything about its pres-
ent breeding place? or is it now so
nearly extinct that it has no regular
roosts or nesting places such as we
used to see in Wisconsin and Michigan,
where I have seen millions upon mil-
lions of them in perfect clouds so thick
as to darken the face of the earth.

I notice in some accounts that it is a.
question whether this pigeon eyer
breeds alone in pairs, and in this con-
nection I would say that in 1876 I found
a nest, containing one perfectly fresh.
egg, in an oak tree about thirty feet
from the ground in a strip of woodland
near Waukegan, Ills. I distinetly saw
the bird leave the nest and could easily
have killed it had I hadagun. The:
egg is of rather a dull white and
measures 1.50 x 1.05. It is still in my
collection. At another time a friend
and myself while hunting in the woods:

with sand and then, with its head high | along the Des Plaines river in Lake Co.,

THE COLOGIST.

61

iy

Ills., discovered a nest and my friend
shot the bird on the nest (the female.)
Upon investigation we found two well-
jneubated eggs—one of them had been
broken by the shot, the other I still
have. There must be many other cases
where these birds have been found nest-
ing in single pairs; and there can be no
doubt but what they do. Up to the
year 1834 the flights of these pigeons in
migrating, as seen both in spring and
fall, passing along the lake shore near
Waukegan, was sometimes wonderful.
Many times as I have watched the
countless numbers have I wondered
where they all came from; but after
having seen one of their breeding places
I wondered no longer.
_ During these flights the woods afford-
ed fine sport for us young hunters, and
many a time have I shot from fifty to
ooue hundred before breakfast. I re-
member one time shooting at a single
pigeon in a burr-oak and killing nine,
the tree was simply alive with them,
although I saw but one on account of
the foliage.
Now a pigeon is never seen in this
locality, when but a few years ago they
were:so abundant. Is it a fact that the
Passenger Pigeon is nearly extinct? and
are we destined soon to speak of it only
as a bird of the past. I do not think it
possible that when less than a decade
ago they were so abundant they can
possibly be now near extinction. They
must have their breeding places still;
perhaps in the far north, perhaps in the
west, can anyone tell? if so, let us hear
from you.
W. B. PorTER,

Chicago.

The Oologist.

Every egg-collector should be a sub-
seriber of at least one magazine devoted
to the study of birds and especially
their eggs. The comparatively small
number published renders the selection

of a favorite no difficult task. There
are, however, certain points to be con-
sidered before any choice can be safely
arrived at. .

In the first place, the collector must
decide upon the relative value to him-
self of the several publications. Then,
too, if his means are limited the ques-
tion of price as well as availability
comes up. Hence that magazine that
combines ‘cheapness with reliability at
once commends itself both to the
young and advanced student of orni-
thology.

At the solicitation of no one, I can
reccomend, as the direct result of per-
sonal observation, THE OOLOGIST as
the magazine for the collector. Nay,
more. I hold it indispensable to the
live collector, in that it opens its col-
umns to the communications of those
inexperienced in writing. By that I
mean that we contributors do not re-
tain any bit of ornithological news that
might prove interesting to our fellow-
subseribers, because we feel that our
article does not teem with beautiful
expressions or the choicest of words.
Thus many valuable facts are disclosed
and preserved that might otherwise
have been lost.

The special efforts of late, of the pub-
lisher, Mr. Lattin, to improve THE Oo-
LOGIST, have not been without success
as its many readers can testify. Not-
withstanding this, more is promised,
if, through our co-operation, the list of
subscribers is to any extent increased,

AN OBSERVER,
Wethersfield, Conn.

SAUD RUGS OG URN CO
A Correction.
Editor Oologist:

A little mistake appeared in my ar-
ticle which I would like corrected (Fly-
catcher Notes, P. 28.) The date on
which I collected four sets of Wood
Pewee should be Aug. 3d instead of
Aug 30, ’89.

EDWARD P. CARLTON,
Madison, Wis.

62

THE OOLOGIST.

THE OOLOGIST

A MONTHLY MAGAZINE DEVOTED TO
ORNITHOLOGY anb OOLOCY.

FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N.Y.
EDITOR AND PUBLISHER.

Correspondence and items of interest to the
student of Birds. their Nests and bygs, sSoltc:lted
from all.

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.
‘Single Subscription, - - 50c per annum
Sample Copies, - - - - = fe each.
The above rates include payment of postage by us
Send stamp for Premium List.
All subscriptions must begin with either January
or July issues.

t2- Remember that the publisher must be no.
tified by letter when a sub-criber wishes his pa-
per stopped, and all arrearages must be paid.

ADVERTISING RATES.
15 cts. per agate line each insertion. Tiherai
discounts will be allowed on large and continued
advertisements. Send copy for Special rates.

Remittances should be made by Draft, Express
or Post Office Money Order, Registered Letter or
Postal Note. Uhused U.S..Postage Stamps of any
denomination will be accepted for sums under one
dollar, Make Money Orders and Drafts payable
and address all subscriptions and communica-
tions to FRANK H. LATTIN,

ALBION, Orleans Co., N. Y.

*,.? Articles, Items of Interest and Queries
for publication should ve forwarded as early ip
the month as possible

ENTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER.

aT

Caracara or Mexican Hagle.
(Polyboros awaubont.)

This useful bird is quite common in
this section of the state. I have also
found them quite abundant on the Gulf
Coast, associating with the Black and
Turkey Vultures.

Their plumage is very attractive—
the white and black being sharply de-
fined—while the yellow of the cere and
feet contrasts very nicely.

A friend of mine has collected several
sets of two and three eggs annually for
several years from the same pair and
same nest.

The nest of this pair is placed in a
low scrubby tree and is composed of
coarse branches laid loosely together
forming quite a bulky affair.

On Sept. 12, ’90, I shot a beautiful
specimen, one shot passing through his
head and one of his eyes, thinking him
dead, I put him into a sack,—next
morning I found him out in the yard;
on approaching he left for parts un-
known, flying as if hot lead was an
every-day diet.

“Blue-Gray Gnatcatchers’’ and Hum-
mers have visited us in great numbers
last season. :

‘I would like to hear from other col-
lectors of the Lone Star State through
the columns of the OoLoGisT or by cor-
respondence.

S. W. PARISH,
Calvert, Texas.

The Cooper’s Hawk.

What collector, who on passing be-
neath the spreading branches of the
sycamore or the tall chestnut tree which
seems to touch the very heavens, with
collecting box at his side and irons
strapped’ to his back, has not seen cir-
cling high above his head the graceful
and even beautiful figure of the Cooper
Hawk?

This handsome bird although not so
large, by several inches, as the Red-
tailed Hawk, is to my eyes positively,
far more grand and imposing. It may
be that my closer attention to the Coop-
er’s Hawk gives me that impression, but
I am quite certain that anyone who has
made himself acquainted with the true
character of each will agree with me.

When out collecting one day last
May, I got a shot at a Cooper’s Hawk,
but did nothing more than to wound it
slightly in the wing. It fell to the
ground, however, and after a short
chase (for although wounded, yet it flut-
tered along the ground), I came up with

‘}it. When I put my hand towards the

hawk, it immediately lay on its back
and drew its claws in close to its body.
I did not expect anything, but when I
tried to take it up, its claws flew out

does ennai THE OOLOGIST.

63

with such force as to open the back of
my left hand, and leaving a scar when
it healed, about two inches long, which
I have to this day.

I took out my handkerchief, and after
throwing it over the hawk’'s head so
that he could not see, I put one hand
around his legs and the other around
his throat, and in about half of an hour

he had a new home in the shape of an|

unused pigeon loft.

The Cooper’s Hawk feeds upon mice,
rats, ete., with now and then a bird for
a change. I have seen Cooper Hawks
attempt to catch quail and rabbits, but
they invariably lose them by their in-
tended prey taking refuge under brush-
wood. I have no doubt, however, that
quail are caught sometimes when the
hawk is hard pressed by hunger.

The Cooper’s Hawk generally lays four ,

or five pale blue, unblutched eggs; but I
have a set of six in my collection which
are all blotched more or less with brick-
red colorings, two of the set being very
handsome eggs, the colorings being so
dark and clear. The hawk is very shy
and is never seen close to his nest until
after the eggs are hatched.

If a person: attempts to rob a nest of
its young, then the hawk will circle just
above his head and utter whistles or
screams in high notes, and try to draw
away the thief’s attention from the ob-
ject in quest.

EDWARD FULLER,
Norwich, Conn.

Some Karly Winter Birds of Linn Co., Oregon.

List of birds observed at Sweet Hone,
Ore. during Oct., Nov. and Dec., 1890
and Jan, 1891. A.O.U. Nos.

40a Pacific Kittiwake Gull, Rissa tri-
dactyla pollicaris. Onespecimen secured
on Dee. 16, 90. Very uneommon in
this locality. This bird was found dead
near the Santiam River.

182 Mallard, Anas boschas. Occa-
sionally seen in flocks of six or seven.

174 Black Brant, Branta nigricans.

One specimen shot on Dee. 4, ’90, but
many seen flying over during imigrat-
ing season, usually in Oct. and Noy.

194 Great Blue Heron, Ardea here-
dias. Quite common and seen along
the rivers and large creeks. It breeds
in this vicinity, a pair being located
about every half mile along the wooded
districts, building their nest in the high
firs.

230 Wilson’s Snipe, Gallinago delicata.
Seen in Jan. in flocks of five to twenty,
in low marshy ground. Occasionally a
single bird is only found. They are not
generally found in the same feeding
grounds on two consecutive days, but
on the third will probably be seen there
again. Itisa bird swift of flight and
hard to shoot.

297a Sooty Grouse, Dendragapus ob-
scurus fuliginosus. Seen last in Oct..
when they ascend far back and high up
in the mountains, returning in April or
May, when we are first aware of their
presence by the hooting of the males,
high up in the fir trees.

300c Oregon Ruffed Grouse, Bonasa
umbellus sabint. Very common and a
favorite game bird.

325 Turkey Vulture, Cathartes aura.
Two birds seen Dee. 20, 90, not com-
mon during winter.

360 Am. Sparrow Hawk, Falco Spar-
verius. Seen occasionally sitting on
some fence in watch for field mice ete.

375a Western Horned Owl, Bubo vir-
ginianus subarcticus. Very abundant
and seen the entire winter except at
present date, when they have receded
to some dense firs to breed.

390 Belted Kingfisher, Oeryle alcyon.
Quite common along rivers and small
streams.

292 Mountain Quail, Oreorty pictus.
Very common and may be seen in flocks
of five to twenty in their favorite feed-
ing grounds which is generally near
some small stream, preferable covered

with dense underbrush, but sometimes
seen in the open fields and if in severe

64 THE OOLOGIST.

weather come into the gardens and
At these

barn-yards in quest of food.
times many are caught in traps.

405 Pileated Woodpecker, Ceophleus
pileatus. Seen occasionally in the dense
A very retired spe-

wooded districts.
cies.

413 Red-shafted Ficker, Colaptes ca-
fer. Exceedingly common the whole

season.

485 Oregon Jay, Perisoreus obscurus.
The plumage of this
bird is less brilliant than its eastern

Very common.

relative, the Blue Jay.

486 Am. Raven, Corvus cora sitnuatus.
A few seen, generally near some dead
Measurements of one specimen
secured by me was Alar spread four
They breed

carcas.

feet, length 26 inches.
mostly in Eastern Orogon.

501b Western Meadow Lark, Sturn-

ella magna neglecta. Very common,
seen in small flocks the entire season.

58le Rusty Long Sparrow, Melospiza
fasciata guttata. Quite common, gen-
erally seen in the early morning.

588b Oregon Towhee, Pipilo macula-
tus oregonus. Oregon Ground Robin,
as it is familiarly known here is very

abundant and may be seen in almost

any thick hedge or brush heap.

722a Western Winter Wren, T’roglo-
dytes hiemalis pacificus. Quite com-
mon inthe partially cleared districts,
and seen mostly near some small
stream.

76la Western Robin, Merwla migra-
toria propingua. Very plentiful and
seen the whole season, especially in the
early morning, when they may be seen
in larger numbers, leaving their nest-
ing place. I have observed
Robin roosts in this locality.

762 Mountain Robin, occasionally
seen in small flocks in montainous re-
gions and in dense fir groves. This
bird is exceedingly sly.

70i Am. Dipper, Cinclus mexicanus.

several

Quite plenty along the rivers and small

streams, where they may be seen stand-

ing on some rock just covered with
water, bobbing up and down in an ex-
ceedingly grotesque manner.

767 Bluebird, Stalia mexicanus. Ob-
served in Nov., 90 generally in pairs,
but uncommon at this date. This bird

much resembles the Eastern Blue Bird,

only being much lighter in color.

*** Cala. Crow, Crvous americanus
hesperis. Very commou. Seen the en-
tire season and in large numbers.

Several species of Woodpeckers were
also observed, but not being sufficiently
acquainted with them I omit them from
above list. Also afew Nuthatchs and
Warblers.

Dr. A. G. PRILL,
Sweet Home, Ore.

Broad-winged Hawk.
(Buteo latissinus.)
The Broad-winged Hawk is generally

distributed over the eastern portion of

North America, but seems nowhere
common. It prefers the low swampy
woods for breeding and feeds mostly
on frogs, and small quadrupeds, occa-
sionally varying its diet with @ small
bird.

-This Hawk is much more easy to ap-
proach than is the Red-shouldered or
Red-tailed, and is prosecuted fully as
much by the farmers, who know all
Hawks as “Chicken” and ‘*Hen-hawks”
and show no merey toany. Itis prob-
able that when all the Hawks have been
driven away or exterminated, the far-
mer will awaken to the fact that Hawks
are of some use, but it is useless to
argue this point with them, for they
will at once launch off into yarns about
devastated poultry yards, and still con-
tinue to punish Buteo for the capers of:
the wily Acctpiter.

‘The measurements of the egg of this
bird are greatly overestimated by au-
thors, being given by one as from 2 x
1.70 to 2.15 x 1.72 inches. Dr. Coues, in
his ‘‘Key’’ gives measurements as 2.00 x
1.60 Langille, in “Our Birdsin Their

ae

THE OOLOGIST.

65

Haunts,’’ gives measnrements as 2.10 x]a wooded country, covered with “the

1.65.
check-list gives measurements as 1.90 x
1.50. I think Davie the more nearly
correct.

As I have said before, this bird pre-
fers a low swampy wood near a stream
of water, and Mud Creek, near Utica,
answers all requirements. The creek
proper is not muddy, but near it is a
swampy wood, which contains about as
much mud to the acre as could be
found. In this or a neighboring wood,
a pair of Broad-winged Hawks have
nested for many years.

Mr. F. J. Davis, of this city, first
found them nesting in Mud Creek in
1873, and since then has robbed them
many times, often twice in a single
season, and still they do not leave.

In this section they prefer birch or
beech trees, but have been found nest-
ing in pine, hemlock and elm.

Two years ago I found an Am.
Crow’s nest in Mud Creek wood, con-
taining four eggs. May 2, 1890 I was
walking through the wood with an
oological friend, and chancing to think
of the Crow’s nest, I instinctively
turned my steps in that direction, and
on approaching the nest was surprised
to see a Broad-winged Hawk in the act
of leaving the wood, having slipped
from the other side of the nest on my
approach. .

You may suppose I lost no time in
ascending to the nest, and found three
lavender gray eggs, spotted and
blotched with fawn chestnut and um-
ber-brown. Unfortunately in descend-
ing I broke one.

Cuas. C. TREMBLY,
Utica, N. Y.

The Extinction of Our Birds.

In no way do our forests show us so
plainly how much we are indebted to
them for evenness of temperature and
rain fall throughout the year than when

Davie in fourth edition of his’

forest primeval,” gives way before the
industrious white man’s axe. Spring
freshets and summer drouths of the
streams whose perennial springs the
forests fed’ are the common occurrence.
That such changes have taken place,
eausing great damage, no one can deny.
Congress, even, has been called upon to
protect the water supply of our rivers.
Besides this American push is draining
our swamps, irrigating deserts, level-
ling hills, changing the courses of rivers,
and building up as if by magic great
cities when but afew years ago waved

‘the farmers’ harvests, or Nature, in all

her beauty, held high carnival and dis-
closed her teachings to but a sacred
few.

The two great factors in this move-
ment are steam and electricity. These
changes have had a noticable affect on
all animal life, and birds especially,
causing species in some cases to change
their habits almost entirely, others to
shift about and appear in new localities,
and some to decrease in number. But
with all these more or less indirect hin-

drances man has placed checks on cer-

tain species in a more direct way.
Torrey says: ‘‘Every creature no mat-
ter how brave, has some other creature
to be afraid of; otherwise how would
the world get on?” Probally many
birds count man as their worst enemy.
States have passed bounty laws on ecer-
tain species which occur within their
boundaries, thought to be harmful, but
it is a debatable question as to whether
they have received the benefit the out-
lay of such an amount of money ought
to bring. It is certainly no easy task
to tell which are useful and which are
detrimental, -and so complicated is the
evidence that one often finds that a cer-
tain species, which he supposed detri-
mental, after studying their ways prove
beneficial. Generally it might be said
that birds which feed on detrimental
plants, noxious mollusks, crustaceans

66

THE OOLOGIST.

—_—_— A,

and worms, carrion, .and injurious
mammals, are beneficial; again, birds
which feed on beneficial plants, shrews,
moles, bats, other beneficial birds and
eggs, beneticial insects, carrion worms,
benifical worms, spiders, and myra-
pods, are detrimental. Yes who would
say that because a certain species lived
for a time on food which might make it
for the time being harmful it must be
harmful no matter how much good it
might do at other times; hence every
one should make war against it? If
such were the case one robin would
have to be called detrimental on ac-
count of the fruit and earthworms he
eats. The food, which a bird eats,
varies at different stages of the bird’s
life, at different seasons of the year,
and toa great extent in different local-
ities. Some birds during migration are
a sore trouble to raisers of crops, but it
must be taken into account that this
does not last forever, and that it may
be in their northern homes they are
more than paying for the damage they
may create elsewhere.

A state, therefore, can not afford to
offer a bounty on a species whose ident-
ity is not exceedingly general, for the
verdict: ‘Weighed and found want-

ing,” must only be rendered after all
the evidence gathered by the many has
been thoroughly sifted by the state.
The farmer, who keeps his gun loaded
for ‘hen-hawks,’’ and who cannot dis-
tinguish the species of hawks common
to his locality, will not be able to bring
in evidence of any value, as he is down
on hawks on general principles and not
some one species which may pay his
poultry-yard a visit during his absence,
It is expert testimony that is wanted,
and we can but commend our Dept. of
Agriculture for the great work it is
doing in this direction.

Many of our game birds are fast dis-
appearing in some sections of the coun-
try. The great flocks of Passenger

for days are stories of the past. In my
locality the Partridge has chosen to
rear her young amid the secrecy of our
tamarac swamps, that is near their
edges. I know of two nests having
been taken in one of the thickest parts
of the swamp. The Am. Woodcock is
also fast disappearing in this vicinity
except in the most secluded places. It.
is certain that of some game birds the
number shot every year must approach —
very near the number reared; and when
we know how many of our water birds
are disturbed in their haunts during the
period of incubation is it surprising
that we constantly hear of sportsmen
petitioning our ijegislatures? Pot hun-
ters stimulated by prices paid for game
in our city markets have made sad
havoc among some species. The mil-
linery trade has done its share of the
work too, but it has not taken game
birds. Whole heronries in our south-
ern swamps haye been depopulated by
the plume hunter. Of course some
may say their destruction may not be
felt directly; but who can say it is not.
felt indirectly? As birds of brilliant
plumage are the ones desired, those
from the south are most taken, but
some of our northern song birds are
shot in large numbers. Men spend
their whole time collecting skins for
the millinery trade, and the business
often pays him better than can a Nat-
ural History dealer a collecting natural-
ist, who has spent years in study and
eollects. for strictly for scientific pur-
poses. In some cases they cover their
deeds ‘‘under the gauzy lace of science,”
and in others under Fashion’s roof. It.

/is to be hoped that in that bright Utopia

of which Edward Bellamy gives us such
graphic descriptions no store keeper
will ever be called upon to punch cards.
for bird mummies for hats

While the collecting of eggs and skins
by naturalists and others has done
much toward furthering the science of

Pigeons which used to darken the sky , Ornithology and Oology, the spreading

THE OOLOGIST.

67

of these discoveries has awakened
among many the desire to form collec-
tions. Any person has a right to study
the habits of our birds, and along with
eareful data to form collections, if the
number of specimens he takes is not a
serious drawback to that species; but
the abuse of this privilege has forced
before true Ornithologists and Oologists
problems which are hard to solve. One
of the problems is: how can we prevent
the collecting of eggs and skins by per-
sons, young or old, who, collecting
merely for sport, money, or because
“it’s the eraze,’’ do not have the love of
the science at heart and do not take
pains to carefully identify their speci-
mens? Collecting series of sets should
only be practiced by those who intend
to give careful study to color, variation,
etc. Most states have laws against col-
lecting eggs and skins; but scientitic
collectors are generally unmolested.
Now here comes another problem:
where shall collecting end and scientific
collecting begin? Who is to judge as
to whether a person is a scientific col-
lector? Should aperson’s age have any
thing to do with it? Can a person
commence scientific collecting without
knowing anything about birds and their
habits or must he commence as a
novice and gradually grow into a scien-
tifie collector? These are certainly
hard questions to answer; but anyone
can ask hard questions.

Many dangers attend the rearing of a
brood. Rains and cold weather may
delay nesting, spoil the eggs, or kill the
young. Some animals count the young,
dainty morsels of food. A cowbird
often happens to be an occupant of the
nest. In this way I could go on and
hame numerous perils through which
the young go. Diseases, the same as
with other animals, are common to
birds. No doubt migration carries off
many of the sick and old as it is often
made in all haste. The number of eggs
in a set and the average number which,

when hatched, reached maturity of
course has a deal to do with the relative
abundance of different species. The-
length of the breeding season must also.
be taken into account; in the north
where the season is necessarily short, it.
is evident that if birds are broken up:
during nesting or are hindered in any
way it would be impossible for them to.
rear a brood as the season passes so:
quickly. As stated in the beginning of
this article, changes in surroundings.
have had a great affect on the abund-
ance of certain species in. different.
localities. Stated briefly it is as follows:
changes in surroundings, when not con-
ducive to the furtherance of that spec-
ies, have told on the numbers if it has.
been slow to adapt itself to the new
surroundings or to seek others to its.
suiting; and a species which has not.
changed as civilizations forced it upon
them, and would not seek, or, having
sought could not find those surround-.
ings, which were necessary for the con-
tinuance of that species, have gradually
grown extinct. It is interesting to note:
that it has probally been these changes.
which have given us our finest song-
birds. Listen to John Burroughs in
“Wake Robin:” ‘Indeed, what would
be more interesting than the history of
our birds for the last two or three cen--
turies? There can be no doubt that the-
presence of man has exerted a very
marked and friendly influence upon
them, sincé they so multiply in his
society. The birds of California, it is
said, were mostly silent till after its set--
tlement, and I doubt if the Indians.
heard the wood-thrush as we hear him.
When did the bobolink disport himself
before there were meadows in the north:

Was he-
the same blithe, merry-hearted beau

and rice-fields in the south?
then as now? And the sparrow, the:
lark, and the goldtinch, birds that seem
so indigenous to the open fields and so-
averse to the wvoods,—we cannot con-—

68

THE OOLOGIST.

: :

ceive of their existence in a vast wilder-
ness and without man.”

As to the future, we can only hope
‘our song birds will be able to fight out
their war for independence and come
‘out victorious over their British invad-
ers; that our more retired species will
accept civilization when it is forced
upon them, and that their songs, re-
hearsed from morn. till eve, will grow
richer and sweeter as time rolls by.

Some species will, inevitably, grow

extinct, and others, much to be mourn- |

ed, will decrease in numbers; but we
will, however, have to count them
among the prices, which we are daily
paying for an ever advancing civiliza-
tion.
EDWARD P. CARLTON,
Wauwatosa, Wis.

BLACK GETS A BLACK EYE.

A New York Judge Renders a Decision in favor of
th? R, §.Peale Reprint of the Encyclopedia
Britannica,

[New York Special]|-—Judge Wallace,
in the United States Cireuit Court rend-
dered a decision today refusing to grant
an injunction against the firm of Ehrich
Bros., to restrain them from selling the
‘“Eneyelopedia Britannica,” published
by R. S. Peale & Co. of Chicago. The
complainants are the firm of Black &
Co., publishers of the orginal work at
Edinburgh, Scotland. In his decision
Judge Wallace holds that rival publish-
ers in this country have a legal right to
use the contents of the original edition,
except such portions of them as are
covered by copyrights, secured by
American authors. The defendant's
work, he finds has substituted new arti-
cles for these copyrighted ones.

This decision is a square set back to
the book trust, and directly in the inter-
est of education and general inteligence.
As an educational factor in every house-
hold, no work in all literature is so im-
portant and desirable as this’ KING OF
EncycLopp1ias, of which it has been
said that “If all other books should be
desroyed, the Bible excepted, the world
would have lost very little of its inform-
ation.” Until recently its high cost has
been a bar to its popular use, the price

being $5.00 per volume, $125.00 for the
set in the cheapest binding. But last
year the publishing firm of R. S. Peale
& Co. of Chicago issued a new reprint
of this great work at the marvelous
price of $1.50 per volume. That the
public quick to appreciate so great a
bargain is shown by the fact that over
half a million volumes of this reprint
were sold in less than six months. It
is the attempt of the proprietors of the
high priced edition to stop the sale of
this desirable low priced edition, which
Judge Wallace has effectually squeleh-
ed by his decision. We learn that R.
S. Peale & Co. have perfected their edi-
tion, correcting such minor defects as
are inevitable in the first issue of so
large a work and not only do they con-
tinue to furnish it at the marvelously
low price quoted above, but they offer
to deliver the complete set at once, #n
small easy payments to suit the conven -
ience of customers. It is a thoroughly
satisfactory edition, printed on good
paper, strongly and handsomely bound
and has new maps, later and better
than any other edition. We advise all
who want this greatest and best of all
Enclyclopeedias to get particulars from
the publishers, R. S. Peale & Co., Chi-
cago.

A NEGLECTED COLD often becomes
a Pneumonia, Bronchitis or a Conswmp-
tion. — Cure it with HUMPHREYS’
SPECIFIC No. SEVEN. Used with
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=\will mail them prepaid at the fol-

Silver Plated 15¢c regular price 50c
Gold i OG NAA eo Be

FRANK®H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y°

‘Thousands of Families
bless the day when they learned the use
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and SEVEN. Coughs, Colds, Bronchitis
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We have just purchased of the

THE OOLOGIST. 69

A NRW WORK,

THE OOLOGISTS HAND-BOOK

FOR 1801.
IT WILL CONTAIN OVER 150 PAGES OF VAL-
UABLE INFORMATION.

Tt is with great pleasure that I am able to announce that the Mss,
for a new Oologists’ Hand-Book is nearly ready for the printer and,
that under ordinary circumstances it will be ready for delivery
early in April. The new Hand-Book, for the money, we think will be
one of the most valuable works for one interested in. birds, ever pub-
lished. Our old ’85 edition was issued as our catalogue—Our new 791
edition will not be a catalogue at all, but simply and purely a Collec-
tors’ Hand-Book in the fullest sense of the word, and will contain, at
least 150 pages, each teeming with valuable information. It will also
contain two or three full page plates and many illustrations. The size
of the pages will be about 6 x 4 inches, making a volume that can be
conveniently carried in the pocket. Two editions will be issued, one
in paper covers at 50c per copy, and the other in flexible leather
at 75e.

WHAT IT WILL CONTAIN.

Tt will give the common and scientific name of every North Amer-
ican bird known at the date of going to press. These names will be
numbered, arranged and given according to the A. O. U. nomenclature,
they will also be divided and sub-divided into the orders and families
which they belong. It will give the numbers of each species as used
in Ridgway’s nomenclature ci 1881 and those used by Coues’ in 1883.
Tt will give the value of the eggs of over 6U0 species and sub-species of
North American birds, as fixed by sora of the most competant Ameri-
can Oologists, at date of going ». ress tut: fact alone making iv wivw-
uable to collectors, as a basis on w.. 2 t imate exchanges. T' will
give the breeding range of each species. It will give a considerable
information about the nest of each species. It will give the shape,
color, markings and size of the eggs of each species and will also state
the number usually found in a set. It will also mention some of the
more common local names by which each species is known in different
localities. It will also give a considerable information on the collecting
and preparing of specimens for the cabinet and will have something to
say about making cabinets, making exchanges, packing, etc, etc. It
will also tell how to make a good bird skin, and many other useful
hints and items, most of which will be well illustrated.

PRICE:—In paper covers, 50c; flexible leather, gilt title, 75c.

FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.

‘70 THE COLOGIST.

Mr. FRANK H. LATTIN, .
Publisher the OOLOGISTS’ HAND-BOOK, Albion, N. Y.

Sir: Herewith please find $......... ..... for which send me by
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If Ordered on or Before | tmproved Pocket Gun
April 15, 1891. or Snip Snap.

For 10 cents I will send a copy of the old 1885
Oologist’s Hand-Book, or a copy of Balliet &
Sawyer’s 1890 Oologist’s Directory ; or

For 30 cents I will send you a roll of 20 back
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stify tothe report.

arizes $1000 and $200. a v 5
“JAMES VICK SEEDSMAN, Rochester, N. Y. aes a

THE OOLOGIST. 71

COUES KEY TO

NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS,

Contains a concise account of every species of living and fossil Bird at present
Known on the Continent north of the boundary line between Mexico and the United

States, including Greenland.
The Fourth Edition, exhibiting the New Nomenclature of the American Ornitholo—
gists’ Union, and including descriptions of additional species, changes,
etc., up to May 1, 1800,
WITH WHICH ARE INCORPORATED

SENERAL ORNITHOLOGY.—An outline of the structure and classification of

of Birds; and .
FIELD ORNITHOLOGY.—A manual of collecting, preparing and preserving
Birds.

By ELLIOTT COUES, M. A., M. D., Ph. D., Member of the National
Academy of Science, &c.

PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED.

re toree itions of this Standard Text Book of Ornithology being entirely out of print,
Bteiiece Fctactiat a the publishers have spared neither pains bor expense in the prepar-
ation of “THE NEW KEY,” in which the whole subject is carefully brought down to date. “Coues
Key” is too well known as a Jeading and authoritive treatise to require remark. Th¢ work contains
Over 900 pages and is fully indexed with several thousand entries.

ROYAL OCTAVO, VELLUM $7.50. SAMFLE PAGES FOR STAMP.
FRANK H. LATTIN, : = : ALBION, N. Y.

ATTENTION &
‘COLLECTOR
Exotic Butterflies and Moths

In brilliant colors and of rare beauty, from India

AGENTS WANTED
FOR OUR NEW BOOK,

Recent Indian Wars

Australia, Africa and South America for cash 01
half cash and half in rare eggs or fine bird skins
Also fine cocoons from other countries. Send 5¢
for catalogue. State what you want distinctly.
Absolutely no attention paid to postal eards. Col-
lections made up in cabinets tor museums and
colieges, containing ail the classes of insects
from every clime. We have the largest stock of
Lepidoptera in New England and charge the low-
est prices in the United States.

PROF.CARL BRAUN,

NATURALIST,
BANGOR, - MAINZ.

FLUMPRREYS’
SPECIFIC WoO

The only successful remedy for

In use 30 years.

Nervous Debility, Vital Weakness,

and Prostration, from” over-work or other causes.
$1 per vial, or 5 vials and large vial powder, for $5.
SoLp By DRUGGISTS, or sent postpaid on receipt

of price.—-HUMPHREYS’ MEDICINE CO.,
Cor. William and John Sts., N. ¥.

By James P. Boyd, A. M. A full account of all
Indian Wars, for the past 30 years, including
the Minnesoto Massacre and its terors; The Si-
oux Wars on the Missouri River and in Wyom-
ing; The Wars of ’68 and °69 with the Cheyennes
and Arrapoes; Custer’s war with the Coman-
ahes and Cheyennes; The Modoc War of 1873;
Wars with Sitting Bull and other Chiefs, from
1876 to 1880; The Custer Massacre; The Nez Per-
ces War, Sketches of leading chiefs and a com-
plete history of

THE PRESENT WR

Over 300 pages. Cloth, $1.00, Paper covers,
50c, Agents’ outfit, 25c. Everybody interested.
Intense excitement everywhere. <A thrilling
book. Sells as fast as you can show it: Prices
at Which everybody can buy. A quick canvass
will pay you big. Send 25c for outfit at once.
Address

FRANKLIN NEWS CO,

720 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa.

Rare California Views.

Enclose stamp for catalogue. Sample of
views will be sent upon receipt of 25 cents.

California Art Gallery, Santa Rosa, Cal.

72

‘THE OOLOGIST.

a

“Khe Corner Stome of a Nation.’—
Longfellow. i ;

PLYMOUTH ROCK.

Have you stood on the world famous ¢ Plymouth
Reck,” or visited the historic scenes in Pilgrim-land¢

Would you dv thisin picture and story, send for
one of the following books:

Glimpses of Pilgrim Plymouth.—Forty-
eight views in Photo-Gravure from photograph:
and paintings, with descriptive text, showing the
Plymouth of 1620 and the Plymouth of today.
Price by mail, $1.50. Reduced size, thirty-four
views, 50 cents.

Shetches about Plymouth.—E£tchings by
a H. W. Bicknell, in white portfolio. Size, 10x12,

2.50.

Pilgrim I!?lymoutia. — Sixteen Indotype
views, with descriptive text. Size, 10x13. Cloth
covers, gilt, $4.50. Same, in handsome seal bind-
ing, $7.50.

“Standish of Stamdish,”’ by Jane G. Austin.
The story of the Pilgrims; deeply interesting, his-
torically accurate; cloth binding. $1.25.

Little Pilgrims at Piymouth.—By L. B.
Humphrey. The Pilgrim story told for children,
Finely illustrated; cloth. $1.25,

Plymouth Rock Paper Weights.—
Models of the famous Rock, two sizes; by mail
35 and 50 cents each.

Gov. Carver's Chair.—Models of the Chair
brought in the Mayflower, 1620, 25 cents.

Photographs of Plymouth Rock.
Pilgrim Hall, National Monument to the Pilgrims,
and one hundred other subjects of historic interest,
Extra fine views, 514x814, 35 cents each, $4.00 per
dozen. Catalogue free.

Plymouth Albums, 31 Views, 25 cents.

Any of the above books will make handsome
Christmas and Birthday presents, and will be
mailed postpaid on receipt of price.

We have sent samples to the editor of this paper
uo will vouch for their excellence.

Agents wanted.

ee Se BURBANK,

Pilgrim Bookstore, Plymouth, Mass,

poste

A pamphlet of information and ab- //
RA Stract of the laws, showing How tof ;
C\ Obtain Patents, Caveats, Trad yy)
A Maris, Copyrights, sent jree.
PW Address MUNN & CO. 7
S361 Broadway,

AY ATURAL HISTORY AND BIRD STORE
i

-Taxideriny, Birds’ Skins and Eggs, Shells,
Curios. Minerals, Fossils, Indian itelics, Cur-
losities and Naturalists’ Supplies, Singing and
mney Birds, Talking Parrots, Gcldfish and
Aquarium Stock. Send Stamp for Catalogues and.

Price LISls.
CHAS. F. CARR,

Aly 126 State St., Madison, Wis;.

on this Pen &

: —— = -
ill send you one by,

Baas ama on receipt of price.

& ny Agents Wanted.
i '

cents. eR. W, FORD, Bristol, Conn..

NEW DIRECTORY FOR

ORNITHOLOGISTS f
AND OOLOGISTS.

Realizing the fact that a new and strictly re-.
liable directory is greatly needed by the collec-
tors of this country as a medium for exchanges
and correspondence, we have decided to com-
pile one which will meet the demands of the ~
public. This directory will contain the names.
and addresses of the principle Ornithologists
Oologists and Taxidermists of North America.
and Great Britain, the cards of the principal
dealers of these countries.

DESCRIPTION.

52 or more pages, printed in suitable type, on
good book paper, bound substantialy, in heavy
tinted covers. THE PRICE of this directory
will be 25c after publication, but to those send-
ing in their names immediately and signifying
their wish for a copy, on publication the price.
Will be 15ce.

TO ADVERTISERS.

Through correspondence with many prom-
inent collectors throughout the country will find.
the general opinion is that a good directory is
badly needed. .We will make this directory a,
good one. Great care will be taken to make
the compilation strictly correct. And as for
the typographical appearance, we are sure you
will be pleased with it. We solicit your adver-
tisements for this work. Nothing objection-.
able will be inserted and only reliable dealers
need apply for space. PLEASE SEND FOR.
PROSPECTUS whica will explain our plan of
securing dealers and others making remittan-
ces and gives full explanations.

EXCHANGH AND WANT NOTICES.

We will insert a limited number of exchange
and want notices at the following rates:

$ .2fora 2 line notice
‘ 5 te oe

AO

65 6é 10 be ce

WD 6é y 12 3 66
1.00 7 20 és be

Average 10 words to line. Address free. Wo
Stamps taken.

Send for prospectus etc. mailed free.

\W.A. Crooks, & Co,

GILLMAN, ILLS,

:

—_

“:

4

— eral fine specimens of Carnelian or Agate.

articles.

oe 1m WA, i] RA UN NPARALLELED OFFER

TO EXCHANGE.—“‘V” nickels, without the
word cents. and Sets of 595 and 622a (A. O. U.);
for Eggs in sets, cash, or almost anything.
NEIL F. POSSON, Medina, N. Y.

VOLS. 59 and 62 of ‘“Youth’s Companion,”
for best offer of climbers, strapped, sent before
30 inst. L. M. CARR, 727 Langdon St., Alton,
Is.

TO EXCHANGE.—For every 25 cents’ worth
of first-class eggs sent me (sets must be accom
panied with full data). I will send prepaid, sev-

Ad-

dress, C. A. VON VLECK, Lake City, Minn.

INTERNATIONAL STAMP Album and 300
stamps, for $2.25. Also to exchange for Indian
relics: microscope, books and miscellaneous
ALEX. DU BOIS, 327 Doyle Ave.,
Springfield, Ills.

TO EXCHANGH.—3 splendid cave specimens
(postage not prepaid) for every 10c worth of
birds’ eggs. Also year 1889 and 4 numbers of
“Wide Awake,” for pair of climbing irons in
good condition. Write for particulars. Ad-
dress. CARL H. PLUMB, 1333 Summit Ave.,
Springfield, Mo.

TO EXCHANGE.—Animals, Wild and Tame.
'a large handsome book, colored cover, 116
ances. 109 pictures, 31 full page, ““Boys’ Book of
Sports,” trapping and shooting. Willexchange
for eggs in sets or skins. HAROLD WILDER,
Atlantic, Mass.

FOR $1.00 worth of first-class eggs in sets
‘ (eggs to be listed not less than 25 cts. each)
T will give the receipt for embalming birds, etc.
Also three Vol. Scientific American for eggs.
W. EF. LEWIS, Box 333, East Liverpool, Ohio.

_ <Any person sending

us 15¢e before March 15,
1891, we will, in order to
introduce our goods,
send prepaid the follow-
ing articles, viz:

Mexican Resurrection
Plant, Instantaneous
Photograph Camera
(will be sold separately
for 10c,)2 Japanese Nap-
kins, 1 Japanese Envel-
ope, 1 Leaf from J apan-
ese Book, 1 pkg. Scrap
Pictures, 10 varieties of
Foreign Stamps, Cou-
pon good for 25c on an
order of $1.00 or over.

The entire package
Will be sent you by re-
turn mail. prepaid for
only 15c. address,

ra ar ren ea ara eye rv

TT aT

il INSTANTANEOUS TE

; PHOTOGRAPHY }

& NOCHEMICALS REQUIRED

H DIRECTIONS.

g LOOK INTENTLY INTO THE GAMERA =
EFOR TEN SECONDS, THEN QUICKLY i
EWITHORAW THE SHUTTERAND 3
eLIKENESS WILL APPEAR.

Oren. wie ta

mak ws ms

i
AHN amtttne—atitins Alli |

Creo ITT aT Ie Ti

ye

Ta

il

CURIO NOVELTY GO.

Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Y.

WM. G. SMITH, -

—COLLECTOR OF—

Birds, Mammals and Edgés,
LOVELAND, COLORADO.

I make a specialty of mailing birds same day
as skinned, or sent in the flesh after subjecting
them to a preservative preparation. Enclose
stamp for Price List.

FOR SALE.—Volumes III, IV, V, VI, of the

_OOLOGIST, nicely bound, and in good condition. |

Will send all of them, prepaid, for $1.50. H. H.
WICKHAM, Beaver, Beaver Co., Pa.

FOR EXCHANGE.—One SuiGaSigte Hand-
book (15c), fifteen Wild Mexican Potatoes (50c),
one-half volume of bound ‘“‘Youth’s Compan-
ions,” 1887 ($1.50). Offers wanted. A. R.
HUTCHINSON, Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Y.

BIRDS’ EGGS.
O. J. Zahn, 497 S. Hope St., Los Angeles, Cal.

.y

FOR SALE CHEAP.—Calcite of Limestone,
Iowa Falls, Iowa; Afrypa reticularis, Mason
City, Iowa; Atrypa reticularis, Independence,
Iowa; Pentramite calycanus, Harvey, lowa;
Batocrinus rotundus, Burlington, Limestone.
Aboye, postpaid, for 30c. Eggs: 1 set Scissor-
tailed Flycatcher. Singles: Purple Martin,
Lark Finch, Wood Thrush. All with identifi-
cation slips, postpaid, 50c. Live Hen-hawk. 18
inches eh, excellent condition, charges paid,
$2.00. R. M. FLETCHER, 101 3rd St., Sioux
City, Iowa.

can be earned at our NEW line of work,
rapidly and honorably, by those of
either sex, young or old, and in their
own localities,wherever they live. Any
one can do the Work. Easy to learn.

We furnish ey We start you. No risk. You can devote
your spare moments, or all your time to the work. This is an
eurieely. new lead,and brings wonderful success to every worker.
Bagiuners are earning from $25 to $50 per week and upwards,
More after a little experience. We can furnish you the em-
hisvaiont and teach you FREE. No space to explain here. Full
information FREE. "TRUE & C@Q., AUGUSTA, MAINE,

7

NOTICE!

If you want anything inthe RUBBERSTAMP
LINE, write to ‘“FORD,” for prices. He will
furnish you a four-line stamp with pads and
ink for only 33¢c, post-paid. Address,

hk. W. PORD,

BRISTOL, = rT: CONN.

Be Japanese & Indian Silk Worm

Eggs for Seed, in Silk Culture.

Different species, also the celebrated Madras
Silk Cocoons, warranted to be raised success-
fully in this country. Directions given how to:
raise them profitably. Prices Low.

PROP, GARL BRAUN,
NATURALIST,

BANGOR, - =. - MAINE.

400 VARIETIES OF STAMPS $1.00

Duplicates can be returned.
AN UNUSUAL OFFER
W. BR. GRKRANY,

827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL.
Catalogue for stamp.
t

SEVEN

(teFor sale by all Photo. Stock Dealers.

« Y% ou press the Sine

we do the rest”

(OR YOU CAN DO IT YOURSELF)

NEW STYLES AND SIZES. _

BL LOADED WITH

TRANSPARENT FILMS .

Send for Cialbaee

THs EASTMAN ‘COMPANY, Hoey. N. Y.

GARDS if. you want Cards with your name
on send 2c to pay postage for some beautiful
samples to pick from to ALFRED HEMNRY,
Jasonville, Ind. m3

FOR SALE.—A copy of Samuel’s ‘*Northern
aol Hastern Birds.” almost as good as new, for
$2.75. Will send prepaid on receipt of price.
H. H. WICKHAM, Beaver, Beaver Co.. Pa.

FOR SALE. —Skins ot Am. Redstart. White
throated Sparrow. Black Snowbird, Magnolia
Warbler. Am. Goldfinch, Chipping Sparrow,
Song Sparrow. Black-capped Chickadee, Blue-
bird, Mealy Redpoll, Tree Sparrow, Ruffed
Grouse, Pileated Woodpecker, Hairy Wood-
pecker, Yellow-bellied Woodpecker. The first
five are not first-class, the last ten are.. Will
sell for $4.00 cash. R. M. FLETCHER, 101 3rd

NOTICE! NOTICE!

The most complete data yet published!
_ cts. per hundred. Send stamp for sample.

DAVID A. YOUNG,
P. O. BOX 61,

Washington Heights, =
FOR SALA
A 48 Inch Volunteer Columbia Bicycle.

For further particulars, address.

ROBINSON C. WATERS,

1021 N. Charles St., Baltimore, Md.

25

Hlinois.

> AGENTS &-
RUBBER STAMP
Of 1, 2, 3, or 4 lines with Pads and Ink
ONLY SS8ers.
R. W. FORD, Bristol, Conn,
=> WANTED &

NATURALISTS’ DIRECTORY.

On file at 10¢ per copy this is not a lar ce dir-

ectory but contains most the leading Oologists.

Ornitholcgists, ete.

NATURALISTS’ GUIDE. 2e a copy.

If you
are a Naturalist you should have one.

Thee

‘Directory Will have the second edition out Sept.

Ist. This will be a fine “book,” not a cheap:
thing. Send in your name and it will be in-
serted free. State what you collect.

Send for circular to Box 125, Edinburg, Ts.

The Best Paper for the Price, Published,
NONE EXCEPTED.

THE COLLEG@iee2

A 12-page monthly, devoted to Philately and
Ornithology, only 1uc per year. if you mention -
the OoLoeist, Directory ard Exchange col-
umn FREE to subscribers. Advertising rates
40c per inch; address, THE COLLECTOR, ~
New Chester, Adams Co., Pa.

PATENT METALLIC HAME ee

Safe, Economical, Convenient, Simple. Neat,
Durable. No more broken Hame Straps, no
more tugging tofasten or release them. Outs
are quickly and easily operated and always
secure. Quick seller—Large protits—Recom-
mended by all who have used them. Agents
wanted everywhere. Sample by mail ?0e. Ad-
dress, METALLIC HAME) STRAP Co. Win-
nebago City, Minn. m6

L. VII.

<

: Exchanges and Wants.

Brief special announcements, “Wants,” “tx-
Rhea) inserted in this department for 25c
x 2% words. Notices over 25 words, char;

the rate of one-half cent per word. fe)

ash, ‘purchasers j
olimms under any circumstances. Terms,
ash with order:

SIHORT, Chili, Monroe Co., N. Y-

Johnstown, Neb.

‘over, N.

LIVE COCOONS of S. Synthea and S. Secro-
_ pia; for other Cocoons or Pupa of American or
_ Woreign, or egesof Bombycide. THOS. KEY-

~ WORWH, Box 28, Marissa, Ill. i

EXCHANG®#.—A Great Horned Owl, alive.
t-grown, and tame; for best offer of. first-
elass Higgs in Sets. or_other offers. W. HAR-
/ ISON, LaCrescent, Houston Co.. Minn.

~ TO EXCHANGE. — Sets of Prairie Horned
Lark; for strictly first-class Singies, with name
_ ot locality where collected. H. M. GUILFORD,
i347 N. Ajdrich Ave. Mineapolis, Minn.

TO EXCHANGE.—Bound Vols. of the Argosy
and books by Optic, Ellis. Castlemo: for
_ mounted Birds or Eggs. ©. FP. HOLST) cf.
* Ast. B. 0.5.-WV. Ry., West Marietta, O.

§ EAGLE.— Alive, measures over 6: feet from
tip to tip, fine specimen, perfecthy at home,

/ WANTED.—To exchange with reliable Co)-
ors Mm Florida, first-class Eggs in Sets; for
first-class Singles. Address. ERNEST H.

_ WESTERN BIRDS AND EGGS, — During
the coming season, Tiwish to exchange western
Eggs or Skins for fresh Star Fishes, Sea Ur-
ehins. Hermit Crabs, etc. CLAUD RUTTER, }

ee ere

SSCACOA SRSA R EMT se
Se

“ALBION, N. ¥, APRIE & MAY, 1991. No.4& 5

OoLoctsts; for first-class eges (sets) er pair of
cli bers. J.C. A. MEEKER, 83 Central Ave.
Bridgeport, Ct. ; t

FOR EXCHANGE.—First-class Birds? Eggs
in sets or singles, also pair of Climbing irons in |
good order. ALF. DOCKERY J Re. Hernando, vi

Miss.

WANTED. — Perfect Indian Relics in ex
change for others. Have for exchange new Ye
cal. Steven's single shot nickel-plated, tip bar
rel pistol, cost $3.00. WM. H. FISHER, 14 W.
North Ave., Baltimore, Ma. Iie

A HARVARD Photographic Outfit, value
$2.00. Camera (2% x 414) with tripod; for best

offer of Sea Birds’ Eggs in sets with data. Ad-

dress Box 172, New Castle, Delaware.

-I HAVE 60 Singles that 1 wish to exchange
for Eggs notin my collection, send Ilsts, ve,

_ SCOTT'S Album, cost $1.50 containing about | SWALES, 1220 Woodward Ave., Detroit, Mich.
' 240 varieties of Stamps, to exchange for first- |
‘class Epes in sets. CHAS. A. PROCTOR, ‘Han-

| WILL EXCHANGE.—Land and fresh water

{
i

Shells; for Eggs in sets and singles also for
Stamps. FRANK STOFFEL, Peru, Ty.

eS

WANTED. — Coues’ Key in any condition
Will give cash or good exchange in Oregon
Birds’ Skins, will exchange Oregon Birds’ kate
Shins for iges, Skins or Stamps. Address, F. ~
D. CORLMESS) Willamook, Ore. i

POR EXCHANGE. — An excellent stamp
collection containing 675 Stamps, 105 of which
are U. S.. will exchange for Coues’ Key. Ad-
dress A. MCALPINE, Galveston. Texas.

TO EXCHANGE.—First-class compound Mi-
eroscope, stands 7% inches hich, draw tube, ad-
justunent screw, iight condensor. complete
worth $15.00; for good offer in Natural History
Specimens, WILLIE T) SHAW, Poynette,
Col. Co., Wis.

TO HACHANGEH.—Old U.S. Coins for fossils
and Indian Relies. Also some Army Swords.
for Birds’ Hggs. Send tor lists. H. A. HESS.
Wdinburg, Ind.

HANDSOME Panama Shell Charms, with
gold athachments. also Fla. Shells im exchange
for first-class Eggs in sets with data. Send for
list. PERCY G. BOURNE, 21 Arch Ave., Hay-
erhill. Mass.

/ aged. Will exchange tor best offer. W. B.
“ _ SCOTT, Augusta, Ga.
ih | EXOHANGE.—Land and fresh water Shells
of Illinois, correctly named and first-class: tor
: “good single Birds’ Hees. LOUIS H. SCHAD-
oS ENSACK, Peru, Tl.

Ce
TO EXCBANGE.-—Singje barrel B. L. Shot

+n. 3 pair black and 2 pair white Rabbits, 3
' copies Wood's Botanical Key, Mounted Loon
9547 ee Gt. Horned Owl; for best offer in eggs, or

“any persenal property. My new Direttory for
se inepes. LETSON BALLIET, Des Moines,
Towa, f

WANTED.—Eges in sets, Bird Skins, and
indian Melics; Im exchange for Letter Heads;
invelopes, Datas. Price Lists. Labels and
Tags. with your name, address and business
on, State what you have for exchange and send
for samples of my work atonce. E. G. TABOR.
Meridian, N. Y.

POR EXCHANGE.—261 Stamps. Album. 18—

XOHAN GES AND WANTS, Continued.

WANTED.—Indian Relics and Butterflies of

Southern States, will give Butterflies and back

numbers of Harper’s Young People In exchage.

Will exchange postage stamps also. H. S.

So ON EEG 34 BE. Rees St., Fond du Lac,
is.

IWiILL Exchange Eggs in sets or singlés

‘and Books for a good 22 cal. rifle with good

sights. Address, IT. E. STUART, 250 Fietcher

_St., Council Blutts, lowa.

TO EXCHANGE.—A collection of 650 differ-

ent Stamps in Album; copy of Davie’s Nest and |.
Eggs. a printing press-with type; for Eggs in

sets. CHARLES A. ELY, Perrineville, Mon-

‘mouth Co.,.N. J.

WILL EXCHANGE.—Dead Game Pit Fowl
ora Tame Coon for Minerals, Eggs, Live or
Mounted Specimens or most anything useful or
ornamental. Write anyway if you have time.
MILO BILLS. 66 Lansing St., Auburn. N. Y.

TO EXCHANGE.—A Collection of about 1005
Postage Stamps aud Album no two alike: for
best offer of first-class single Eggs send me
your list by Ridgway’s Nos. Lattin’s list. Ad-
dress, WM. A. ACHILLES, 1504 Layacca St.,
Austin, Tex.

TO EXCHANGE.—3d edition International
postage stamp Alopum and 500 different U. S.
and foreign stamps for best offer of Birds’
Bess in sets. JOHN WILLIAMS, Wenkain,

ass.

ATTENTION! I have 30 eggs of 405 in sets
of 2’s and 3’s and a number of sets of 397 420, 431,
436, 369 and other desirable eggs; to exchange
for an egg or mineral cabinet, eggs of Ostrich,
Rhea. Emeu or other desirables. Dr. W. S.
STRODE, Bernadotte, Ill.

WANTED.—Taxidermist tools, Oologist out-
fit. Coues’ Key, Davie’s Nest and Hegs of N. A.
Birds, Blrd Skins: will give in exchange, Bird
Skins, Kees in sets, mounted specimens, But-
falo hors. minerals, etc. Send for list. W.
W. SEARLES, Lime Springs, Ta.

YO EXCHANGH.—A good nickel-plated
Quackenbash ‘‘Wureka”’! air pistol worth 6.50
and outfit; for best offer of Taxidermists’ Jv-
struments. no postals answered. A. MECH-

KLE, 1401 Frankford Ave., Phla., Penn.

NOTICE.—The undersigned wish to beeome
acquainted with all Collectors in Ontario Co.
and to correspond with working Ornithologists
throughout the State B. S. BOWDISH.
eect N. Y. E. B. PECK, Clifton Springs, N.

Wor 7se worth of first-class eggs (not listed
less than 10c). Minerals, or Indian Relics, I will
give receipt and full directions for the mount-
ing of Birds and Mammals, without skinning.
D. J. BULLOCK, Marshalltown, fowa.

WANTED.—To exchange singles or sets of
Bald Hagle. for singles or sets of Golden Hagie,
Kites, Swans, or Geese. Parties having such
SE aa to M. C. WHITE, Mathews

. H., Va.

I WOULD like to hear from Collectors,
south and west who are desirous of exchang-
ing Coleoptera of their own locality for those
from New York. CHAS. TUNISON, No. 59,
West 92nd St., New York, N. Y.

T. R. TAYLOR, 90 William St.,
Y. desires to become acquainted with —
interested in Ornithology or Oolog

Rochester or vicinity.

TO EXCHANGS.—676 different foreign post-
marks, also two stuffed Ostriches. two weeks
old, worth $12.00 apiece; for best offer in Egg
in sets. with full data. H. L. HALL, Carpin-
teria, Cal. : a Peri aA

‘ * apes c
TO EXCHANGE.—Set of 2 eggs of the Whip-
poor-will, 8 of Ruffed Grouse, 4 ‘of Golden- —
crowned Thrush, 4 of Redstart witb nest and
egg of Cowbird; for best offer of singles. Rare
Eges preferred, only first-class given or re-
ceived. M. D. COOPER, Antim, N. H. tect!

TO EXCHANGE.--—Collection of over 500 U.
S. and foreign postage stamps and many dupli-
cates, cash value $8.00, and 32 cal. revolver. —
nearly new. cost 33.50; for best. offer of Eggs in
sets. PAUL VAN DEUSEN, 2105 Tioga St..
Phila, Penn. Bag faa vk

WANTED.—A ist-class skin of Red Phala-_
rope, spring plumage preferred. Will give ~
good exchange or purchase if pricessuit. HE.
BE. N. MURPHEY. 44 Teltair St., Augusta,Ga.

LOOK!—A fine collection of birds’ eggs, sin-
gle and pairs, 113 varieties: to exchange for
first-class sets with data. WILLARD ELIOT,
Thonotosassa, Fla. i : :

aM
x

NOTICE !—Parties wishing to obtain care-_
fully prepared éggs of this section during the
coming season. would do well to address A. H.
CRANDALL, Worthington, Minn.

WANTED.—Coue’s Key of N.A. Birds, Ridge-
way’s Manual of N. A. Birds, and Nomenclature
of Colors. Will give in exchange bird skins.
D. A. G, PRILL, Box 11, Sweet Home. Oregon.

A SCROLL Saw with drill attachment and 5()
saws, for a ‘‘World” or any equally good type- —
writer. Aiso will sell a Quackenbush rifie in
good condition for $5.00. J. LOSHE, Richfield.
Spa., N. Y. ;

CHOICE Collection of stamps, with Interna-
tional Album, 300 varieties, valued at $15. Wan-
ted camera, rifle or revolver. E.G. RUNYAN.
633 “1? St., N. W., Washington. D- C.

WANTED.—Stamps, Indian Relies, Fossils
and Curosities, for same will exchange good
fossils and fine quartz and fiint arrow pomts.
Only fine specimens wanted. HERBERT E.
BROCK, Mason City. Cerro Gordo, Lowa. ;

TY PE-WRITERS. Revolvers, Musical Instru-
ments, Collections of Stamps. Coins, Relics.
éte., wanted in exchange for first-class sets and
singles, curiosities, etc. CHAS, TURTON, Box
956, Los Angeles, Cal.

WANTED TO EXCHANGE.—Six Volumes
(L.—LVI.) Scientific American, and rare foreign
and Native Moths, valued at $16.25, for a good
microscope. Must be in perfect order. Write,
giving description, name of maker, cost, etec..
and I will send list of moths. All are first
class. RALPH BALLARD, Niles, Michigan.

MINATURE Steamboat, 38 in. long. 17 in-
high, 8 in. wide, nicely painted and perfect in
every respect, cash value $10.00, will exchange
for best offer of eggs. singles or sets. GEO. W.
MORSRH, 311 East Coats St., Moberly, Mo.

WANTED.—A Taxidermist’s outfit, Oologist’s
supplies, Collecting gun, Birds’ eggs and skins,
all in A-1 condition. Address A. V. THOMSON
Decorah, Lowa.

THE OOLOGIST.

Th

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued.

WANTED parties to collect Birds in the meat
or 1st-class skins. Please write stating which
you can collect, for which I will give Ist-class
skins and eggs in sets and singles; also shot
gun (double-barrel, B. L.) and Safety Bicycle
wanted. A. W. NOLTE, W. i6th St., Los An-
geles, Cal. .

WANTED.—Back volumes of ‘‘Ornithologist
& Oologist” of Boston, and ‘‘Auk’”’ of New
York. Kindly send full particulars, and
whether you will exchange for first-class sets of
Birds’ eggs. Also wanted to exchange first-
class sets of eggs with parties of other sections.
Send lists. Address, WALTER F. WEBB,
Geneva, N. Y.

TO EXCHANGE.—A collection of shells, (val-
ue over twenty-five dollars) and natural history
papers, for books on natural history and first-
class original sets with data, of Warblers,
Vireos,Hummers and Woodpeckers. Send your
lists to ED. RAUBE, Giddings, Tex.

FOR EVERY 45.00 worth of Eggs sent me
with datas, singles or sets, none listed less than
10c, I will mail a receipt for making Arsenical
Soap for preserving Bird Skins used in the
Scientific School of Taxidermy in Paris, France,
nothing better. GEO. W. MORSE, 311 East
Coates St., Moberly, Mo.

FOR EXCHANGE.—100 best Limerick Fish
Hooks, assorted sizes, for every 40 cents worth
of birds’ eggs sentus. 6 good Lines, assorted
sizes, for 20 cents worth of eggs. All eggs to be

_ first-class and valued at not less than 5 cents
each. Don’t miss this chance to get your spring

supply of hooks and lines. UNION TACKLE
CO., Middlefield, O.

DURING the past season I mounted several
birds, which remain uncalled for; these I will
exchange for eggs single or sets, rare or com-
mon; among them are Western Great Horned
Owl, Flicker, Northern Shrike, Long-crested
Jay, Song and Tree Sparrows, Blackpoll, Oven-
bird, Cedar Waxwing, Am. Robins and Blue
Jay. Parties wishing any of above will please
send list of eggs they have to exchange. JAS.
P. BABBITT, 10 Hodges Ave., Taunton, Mass.

_ BREECH-LOADING shot-gun with tools,
Tenney’s Manual of Birds with five hundred en-
gravings, Manton’s Complete Manual on hunt-
ing and preparing and preserving birds, eggs,
nests, etc. ,32-cal. revolver, 52in. Volunteef, A.I.
conditiou, with cyclometer, bell, luggage-car-
rier, whistle, tools, etc.. for sale or in exchange
for first-class eggs. Have also first-class eggs
to exchange. It will pay to write for terms.
All answered. JAS. P. ROBBINS, So. Nor-
ridgewock, Maine.

WANTED.—First-class sets of Gt. Horned
Owl, Screech Owl, Bobolink, Am. Bittern,
Osprey, rare Warblers with nests, Cedar Wax-
wing,Black Tern,Gt. Crested Flycatcher, Whip-
poor-will. Nighthawk, Hairy and Downy Wood-
peckers, Barred Owl, Caracara Eagle. Swallow-
tail Kite, Sharp-shinned Hawk. Golden Eagle,
Gt. Blue Heron, Wood Ibis, Killdeer, Spotted
Sandpiper, Am. Oyster-satcher, Whooping
Crane, Leaches Petrel and others. I can offer
rare species from Iceland, Alaska and North-
west Canada, including Snow and Lapland
Buntings, Raven, Martin, Golden Plover, Red
Phalarope, Swans Ducks and Geese, Little
Brown Crane, Bonaparte’s Gull, Am. Loon,
Yellow-Billed Loon, Pacific Loon, Cassins,
Crested and Great Auk and others. W.
RAINE, Hayden-St., Toronto, Canada.

WANTED.—A good pair of climbers::for—
which in return I will pay cash or tradé.: Al 1
letters answered. SIGMUND H. Hilts. Box <
25, New Milford, Conn.

COLLECTORS !—I have a large lot of Miner- -
als, Fossils, Eggs and Curios. to exchange fox -
Books and Magazines. All answered. Ty S.<
HILL, Knoxville, Iowa.

I HAVE one Manton’s Taxidermy without a~,
Teacher, and one of Lattin’s Taxidermistout—-
fits, which I will exchange for 2 doz. Bass files: .
Cc. C. RENSHAW, Boyce, Clarke Co., Va.

WANTED.—A good double barreled shot >
gun, breech loading, 10 or 12 bore, have to ex-~
change for same Venezuelan stamps in any
quantity, South American and West Indian-
stamps, also coins and a few birds’ eggs fron:
South America and the West Indies. CHES- -
TER JOHNSON, 1325 Third Ave., S., Fargo, N_ .
Dakota.

TO EXCHANGE.—#$38.00 worth of 1st-clas=.
sets, taxidermist’s outfit, value $4.00, oologist’=
outfit. value $3,40 and Horseman’s No. 2 Eclipse=
Camera, for a 30-inch Safty Bicycle. H. A _
HESS, Edinburg, Ind.

COLLECTORS !—For every first-class set oi ~
Eggs, any kind, with data, sent me, I will senaé™
complete directions, how to mount and embalm-
Birds, without skinning, very easy to fearn..
For best offer of first-class sets, with data, FE”
will exchange one first-class single eack of-
Short-eared Owl and Am. Osprey. What.
offers? Address all letters and packages tc»
Cae A. SMITHWICK, Walke. Bertie Co.. N_.

TO EXCHANGE.—4 x 5 Camera, 3 fold tri—
pod, 2 double holders, all of polished mahos--
eney, 3 rubber trays, printing frames, quantity —
plates, chemicals and everything to produce ~
finished photographs; for egg cabinet. Speci--
men photograph sent. HARRY SARGENY .
399 Lexington Ave., New York, N. Y.

IN THE UPPER Countys of So.Ca. are fount”
in the old fields and new ground; varieties ot ~
Sea Shells, in perfect condition and of many
kinds. Some very pretty but are small—nore-
over an inch and one-half im diameter. I hare
just received a large consighment of the above. .
and will exchange for best offers. S.A. TART
Aiken, So. Ca.

WANTED.—Any of the folfowing Old Via-
lins: Antonio Stradivarius, Nicolo Amazw.

Giusseppe Guarnerius, Carlo Bergonzi, Paolv

Maggini, Antonio Ruggeri, Jacob Stainer;. Mat
hias Klotz, J. B. Vuillaume.George Gemunder:

will exchange a 22 cal. J. M. Marlin sportizs
rifle in good condition, Birds’ Eggs or: ea
Those having any of the above Old Violins:
must give a full description of same. P. PB.
NORRIS, North Topeka, Kan.

WANTED.—Copies of the following books=
“Tsmailia,” by Sir Samuel Baker; “Darwin’=-
Voyage of the ‘Beagle;’’’ “Du Chaillieu’s Ash-
ango Land; “A Naturalist’s Wanderings im»
the Eastern Archipelago,’ by Henry O. Forbes: -
“Central Africa,’ by Col. C. Chairer Lang:=-~
“The Heart of Africa,” by Dr. Georg Schwine- -
jurete; ‘Journal of the Discovery of the Sourre
of the Nile,” by Capt. Speke; ‘‘The Malay Arck-
ipelago,” by Alfred Russel Wallace. Can give -
in exchange for any above books Birds” Hggs-
Stuffed Birds, War Relics; 1 Cornet, with case —
1 Spencer 7-shot Repeating Rifle; 14 x5 Photr
Camera and many other things. THAD SUR-
BER, White Sulphur Springs, West Va.

Type : i
chine made) at only $12.00. ittle used
good as new for $11.00. One Odell Type Writer,
nearly new for $11.00. One Hammond Type
Writer, bran new, cost $100.00, will sell for
$80.00. LIalso have afew Matchless Repeating
Air Rifles, allnew and strong shooters I will
close them out at $2.25. Address, GEORGE
SWING, San Bernardino, Calif.

VICK-MICHIGAN.

It has been decided that the $1000.00 prizes of-
fered on Vegetables by James Vick, Seedsman,
will be contested for at the fair to be held at
Hillsdale, Mich., Sept. 28—Oct. 2, 1891.

There are four prizes on each of the following
eight varieties of Vegetables—first $65, second
$30, third #20, fourth $10, making in all $1000,
which is very large and liberal:

The cost to enter for the prizes is 80 small we
cannot see how the Messrs. Vick make any
profit: for instarce, one packet of either of the
following will entitle a person to enter the
competition.

One pkt. Cabbage, All Seasons.........-....-.-----: 10¢
One pkt. Celery, Golden Self-bianching.........10¢
Potato, Vick’s Perfection, 1 lb. 0c, 3 1bs. 31,
peck, 50c¢, bushel $1.60, DbL.................... =4.00
One pkt. Cauliflower, Vick’s Ideal.. ....
One pkt. Tomato. McCullom’s Hybrid... =
One pkt. Musk Melon, Irondequoit.............. . 15¢
One pkt. Onion, Danvers Yellow Gloke......... 5¢
One pkt. Mangel Wurzel, (Beet), Golden
G@lanti eee eee 10¢
Select one or more that you would like to
grow and enter fora prize. Besure and state
in your order that you intend entering for com-
petition. Write James Vick, Seedsman, Roch-
ester, N. Y., for Vick’s Floral Guide, which will
give full particulars.

PATENT METALLIC HAME STRAP.
AANA .

NOTICE !—I have $59.00 worth of first-class
sets. with data, for a good folding canvass boat.
Send description to J. W. P. SMITHWICK,

Plymouth, N. C.

I WOULD LIKE to correspond with some
young collector in the south with regard to ex-
changing eggs and skins, the coming season.
JIMMIE PHILLIPS, Box 527, Paw Paw,
Mich.

OTO EXCHANGE.— Compound Microscope.
with forceps and prepared Object, magnifies
400 times; all in ant ease; for best offer
of eggs amounting to $3.00 or over. C. G. SAR-
GENT, Winnebago City, Minn.

WANTED. — Cigarette albums, Base Ball
players, or Mounted Birds; will give in ex-
cange $5.00 worth of the best detective stories.
Cards not answered. Address, ERNEST E.
LEH, Covington, Ga.

WANTED.—Kodak, (No. 30r 4 prefered) or
other good automatic Camera; will give good
exchange in nicely made western Bird Skins.
Address with full particulars, GEO. G. CANT-
WELL, 105 Pikes Peak Ave., Colo. Springs,
Colo.

35 SECOND-CLASS eggs ($1.50,) 10 story
outs ($5.09) ; for 41b. Indian clubs, climbers. and
offers. Best offer receives proofs of cuts.
EDW. D. BARKER, 316 Center St., Elgin,Kane
Co., Il.

SETS 211a. 80, 705, 594, 703, 683, 316, 326, 362, A.
O. U. and Sawfish saw; for best offer U. S. or
Confederate Stamps. WALTER E. GROVER,
1520 E. Market St., Galveston, Tex.

TO EXCHANGE.—Choice Crystallized Miner-
als; for Indian Relics, Fossils or Minerals. A
fine cabinet specimen for every perfect Arrow
head sentme. R. HAGELSTEIN, 96 Stanhope
St., Brooklyn, N. Y.

COMMON EGGS WANTED.—I wish to ob-
tain following species, in full sets, with data:
Rdgw. Nos. 61,61a, 67a. 151. 158, 161, 168, 181, 182,
189. 193a. 198, 198a, 202, 21la, 212, 213, 287a, 139, 248,
249, 251, 321, 425, 482. 443, 449, 456, 473, 482, 487. 490,
492, 493, 495, 497, 498, 520, 594, 602. etc. Will ex-
change for them such species as 581, 463, 464, 469,
373, 15, etc., etc. THOMAS H. JACKSON, Box
1668, West Chester, Pa.

EXCHANGE.—Have 1000 Cocoons of the
Southern Polyphemus much richer in color| *
and larger than Northern specimens. Have Safe, Economical, Convenient, Simple. Neat,
from 300 to 500 Lopd. in papers both American | Durable. No more broken Hame Straps, no
and Foreign. Have a few American Indian | more tugging tofasten or release them. Ours
Arrow heads and fragments of pottery collec- | are quickly and easily operated and always
tad in Aiken Co., So. Ca. about 50 in all. Vol, | secure. Quick seller—Large profits—Recom-
1, 2,3. 4.5.6. YOUNG OOLOGIST and OoLogist, | mended by all who have used them. Agents
Vol. 13 Ornithologist and Oologist, Vol. 1 Am. | wanted everywhere. Sample by mail 30c._Ad-
O. and O., Vol. 1 O. and O., Semi-Annual and | dress, METALLIC HAME STRAP Co. Win-
copy of Davie’s Key. I want any standard | nebago City, Minn. m6
Medical Works, any standard Chemical Works,
or any Chemical Paraphanalia (Retorts. test-

tubes, etc.. etc.) First-class sets with data, of | —SJ AGE / i \ . {~{.
alithe Warblers. Less than three varieties} =? N => is
will not be accepted from any one person. Ad-

dress, S. A. TAFT, Aiken, So. Ca. RUBBER STAMP

° 6 3 Of 1, 2, 3, or 4 li ith Pad d Ink
Rare California Views. ae eae mason

Enclose stamp for catalogue. Sample of R. W. FORD, Bristol, Conn.

views will be sent upon receipt of 25 cents :
i i c i wa a
California Art Gallery, Santa Rosa, Cal. | > V y, AN I ED ~

STUFFED BIRDS AND EGGS

Consisting of many rare and desirable specimens; and at prices quoted, collectors
will do well to fill up the gaps in their collection at once.

We intend after May 1st to carry a large and complete stock of minerals,
and being pressed for room, we will have to dispose of the followng stuffed birds
at prices never before so low. A nice stand goes with each bird, and the whole
will be sent post or express paid.

Wommon! Tern: a. $ 1 10 Sawwhet Owl................. 4 95 Evening Grosbeak........ 2 00
Roseate Tern.........-...... 1 75 SCHEEChE Ovi leer 2 95 Am Crossbill........... 65 to 85
Great Blue Heron......... 8 00 Great Horned Owl.......... 9 50 Grey-crown. Leuc’sticte 85
<reen) Heron) Seo 2. 2 00 West’rn Gt. Horned Owl 6 50 Am. Goldfinch........ 40 to 80
Least Sandpiper.......... 95 Hairy Woodpeckev........ 95 Vesper Sparrow............ 70
Semipalimated Sandpi. 1 10 IMG) Een a RT 1 10 AMES), SHORNAKO WAL ka 50
‘Bobwhites-.... 3 Ses 1 55 ios epee ram 1 55 Slate-colored Junco...... 70

Mountain Partridge...... 2 45 IBIUe] aye ee ee ee 1 10 Song Sparrow... 50
Scaled Partridge........... 1 95 Longerested Jay........... 1 45 Hox) Sparrow... 22. 85
Ruffed Grouse... 2 45 INTIS (CHONG oo caees «ee 2 10 Mowe wae eh Gh 80
Red-tailed Hawk, wings Cowwe bin: cee e 15 Northern Waxwing...... 2 45
Spread tearing Quail, Red-winged BV’kbird.... 95 Cedar Waxwing............ 85
fanGya SuUIN De ee 10 00 Meadow? Lark..2.......... 1 10 Northern Shrike... 95
Am. Long-eared Owl..... 3 8&5 Purple Grackle...=......... 85 Black-poll (fall) ............ 65
Am. Short-eared Owl..... 3 10 Bronzed Grackie........... 85 (OWT ONDE) ee 70
‘Barred: Owils:... ss. ee 4 95
KRGGS.

Full sets with complete data can be furnished of most species, especially the
rarer ones. All are strictly 1st-class and correctly identified.
On an order of $5.00 you can select eggs to amount of $2.00 extra.
«eo «eo Ge Ge 10.00 13 6 (a a5 6c ce (a5 5.00 (35

Western Grebe... .-..:..... $ 35 Bartramian Sandpiper. 30 MR
BELOIMICO RCO = ee ses 25 | Gambel’s Partridge........ 18 ess ees ees uc
EVOUDOe SHO Ole ee es 35 White-winged Dove........ 25 St. Lucas House Finch. 04
Am. EHared do-.............. 18 | White-fronted Dove....... 45 enaneaniGoldnnciee. tid
St. Domingo do.............. CO ANGIGT GUTS Reh A alee DOME SWesisant DAvicGparrow! | 04
Pied-billed do................. 03 Marsh )Hawks 0 3 30 MWCSENCRInpine Saat row 0006
SOO Meee 1 40 Cooper’s Hawk 20 Samuel’s Song Sparrow 04
Black-throated Loon...... 140 | Red-tailed Hawk............ 45 Herms| Sone Soarrow “0s
Pacincdoy eels eee 1% Red-shouldered Hawk... 40 mow Hos g ma
Red-throated do.............. 70 Fla. Red-sho’ld’red H’wk 1 10 Ganenenasnce ae
eR ie cen iine eee & Red-bellied Hawk... _... $0 Calif. Towhee rane
Puttin SSRIS Eee Rae ieee Sai Ca 20 | Parrow Ela wilxeeene 2 18 Black-throated Bunting. 05
Large-billed Puffin 70 creechs @wle eee a 25 Searlet Tanager a
Horned Puffin se Burrowing Owl.............. io |||) Sraeauieneeen. oo e eS
Black Guillemot Yellow-billed Cuckoo... 09 Clift Swallow apiece
Mandt’s do igen 1k Black-billed Cuckoo....... 09 BATA e aie ae ie
TEMEKSOWN GUO )Ee Re eae f Red-headed Woodpecker 05 Trscleatloee a
VIGUIN ROR Eee tanya Red-shafted Flicker........ 07 Rough-winged Swallow. 12
Calif. Murre....... 5 Whip-poor-will ............... 1 20 Loggerhead Shrike Sean
Pallas's Murre Night Hawk... SOfalGewameecmpeadiennice og
Brunnich’s Murre Arkansas Kingbird 06 Calif. Shrike Foor 05
Razor-billed Auk........... 18 | Black Phoebe............ Bue 565 OnCnAGs athe a
Am. Herring Gull. 15 Wood Pewee....._...”. 09 Aya, One sauna
Vega Gull. G5) | Western Wlycateher | 19) | Mrockinepird 1 es
Branklin’s(Gull) 228! 40 Little Flycatcher... 28 Mee ASR HGARGe a es 3G
Ses ora Shae ee eM aT y's 08 Crow 05 Curved-billed Thrasher. 20
eeeee en uD Bla. Crow 30 Crissal Thrasher 35
Green Heron.... OS Cow-bird 03 Gachicawmed 10
‘Clapper Rail... 08 Dwarf Cowbird 15 Bae em ni Wieenacs Oe ie
Lia. Clapper Rail............ 15 Bicolored Blackbird... 07 Wane aliedeMarsn Ween 904
POT A eros a eee eS 08 Tricolored Blackbird...... 12 Russet-back Thrush 14
Fila. Gallinule EO Meadow lark!) 107 Que oe Ni ae ie
Am. Coot... O77 | Mpelooded @riclewme! 25 S(SHaNESUMEREN oy

Orders under 50c must contain 10c extra for postage and packing. Larger
orders sent post-paid.

JAMES PP BARBI T,.

Io Hodges Ave., ~ = Taunton, Mass.

80

THE OOLOGIST.

TWO NEW BOOKS:

OF INTEREST TO
ORNITHOLOGISTS

WIS TORY

—OF THE—

BIRDS OF KANSAS

BaN. SS, GOSS.

This Valuable Addition to the Literature of
Kansas is Now Ready for Sale.

Tt is unnecessary for us to say to old residents
of Kansas anything in regard to Col. Goss or
his accomplishments. But to others we will
say, that he is a life-long Naturalist; an enthus-
jast in his chosen study of Ornithology; amem-
ber of the Council of the American Ornithologi-
cal Union, and a recognized authority on his
chosen subject.

The Goss Ornithological Collection is solely
the work of this author. Each specimen has
been obtained and preserved by his own effort.
and the entire collection—which is one of the
largest in the country, the result of one man’s
exertions—has been presented to the State of
Kansas, and is on exhibition in a room in the
State House set apart by law for that purpose;
and his entire time and fortune are devoted to
its perfection; long and expensive trips are an-
nually made to increase the collection. With-
in a few years he has generously prepared for
the State, without cost, two separate catalogues
of Kansas Birds.

The book is handsomely bound in full cloth,
with gold embossed back and sides. There are
693 pages, beside the photogravure illustrations
of 529 birds.

Price, $7.50; delivered on receipt of price.
Reduced price for quantities. Sample pages
showing the quality of the paper on which the
book is printed, and the style of the matter and
llustrations mailed for stamp.

The Birds of Greenland

By Andreas T. Hagerup. Trans—
lated from the Danish by Frimann
B. Arngrimson. Edited by Mon-—
tague Chamberlain. S8Svo. Paper.
Sent post-paid on receipt of One
Dollar.

This is the only complete catalogue of the
birds that have been found in Greenland which
has been published since 1875, when Newton,
of Cambridgg, England, issued a list for the
guidance of northern explorers. His list, how-
ever, was published in a large book, with other
matter, and is not well known.

In the Hagerup-Chambeérlain catalogue there
are some ten species given that did not appear
in Newton's list, and several species given in
the New Catalogue have not before been known
to occur in Greenland.

Hagerup isa Danish Mining Engineer, who
spent two and one-half years in Southern
Greenland. His notes on the habits of little
known birds—several of the Sea Fowl. Gyrfal-
con, Ptarmigan. Redpoll, Snow Bunting,
Wheatear, etc. are interesting, and many of
them are valuable. Some of his opinions upon
disputed points differ from those of the chief
“authorities,” and some of his facts differ from
those stated by other observers. These are
stated tersely, and are supported by direct evi-
dence drawn from his note-book. His oppor-
tunities have been greater than those of any
other observer, who has written of the birds of
Greenland.

The editor is well known to ornithologists,
having been one of the founders of the Ameri-
can Ornithologists’ Union, and for several
years an associate editor of ‘‘The Auk.” He is.
author of The Birds of New Brunswick, Cana-
dian Birds, and numerous minor papers.

Address all orders to

FRANK H. LATTIN,

ALBION, MN. ¥Y.

“at # OOLOGIST =

VOL. VIII. ALBION, N. Y., APRIL & MAY, 1891. No. 4&5

A List of the Birds of Elgin County, Ontario.

F. L. Farley, St Thomas, Ontario.

St. Thomas and vicinity where most of these observations were made, is sit-
uated centrally in this county, eight miles from Lake Erie, north. Kettle Creek
has its source about fifteen miles north-east from here, flowing around the north
and west sides of the city, and thence to the lake.

My observations are given briefly, nothing being presumed, only such oceur-
rences as I have personally noticed or obtained from authentic sources are

iven.
5 Of the well known and generally distributed species, no reference is made,
but when there are only one or two specimens taken, the authority is given, as
also the date of the capture, ete. ae ie

I am indebted for valuable assistance in completing this list, to Mr. B. P.
Wintermute, Mr. William Dodd, and Mr. Orville Foster, local Ornithologists.

1. Colymbus auritus (Horned Grebe). A tolerably common spring and fall
visitor.

2. Podilymbus podiceps (Pied-billed Grebe). Occurs under the same circum-
stances as the foregoing species.

8. Urinator imber (Loon). An uncommon migrant.

_ 4. Urinator lwumme (Red-throated Loon). A very rare migrant; one was
shot on the mill pond west of this city on the 25th of November, 1886, with the
chestnut patch on the throat. It is now in my collection. They are seldom
taken in this part of Canada in this plumage.

3. Larus argentatus smithsonianus (American Herring Gull). Sometimes
-common on the Jake during the migrations, a few remain all winter.
ae 6. Larus philadelphia (Bonaparte’s Gull). An uncommon migrant at the
ake.

7. Merganser americanus (American Merganser). Our commonest river
Duck in winter.

8. Merganser serrator (Red-breasted Merganser). Very rare, Mr. Wm.
ee of this city has one in his collection, taken here some years ago, the only
record.

9. Lophodytes cucullatus (Hooded Merganser). A regular spring and fall
visitor.

10. Anas boschas (Mallard). Rare, several have been shot on the creek.

. 5 ae Anas obscura (Black Duck). Sometimes appear in small flocks in spring
and fall.
12. Anas americana (Baldpate). Migrant, not common.

18. Anas carolinensis (Green-winged Teal). A tolerably common spring
and fall visitor.

14. Anas discors (Blue-winged Teal). Occurs as the prececding, more often
seen in the flocks.

15. Dafila acuta (Pintail). Migrant, not common.

16. Aix sponsa (Wood Duck). A regular spring and fall visitor. A few
may breed.

é 17. Aythya ameticana (Redhead). Rare. Two shot on the creek in Novem-

er, 1889.

18. <Aythya vallisneria (Canvas-back). A very rare migrant, several shot on
the pond.

19. Aythya marila nearctica (American Scaup Duck). Sometimes common
in flocks, in spring and fall.

20. Glaucionetta clangula americana (American Golden-eye). A spring anc
fall visitor, a few remain through the winter.

21. Charitonetta albeola (Buffle-head). Quite a common migrant in flocks
on the ponds.

$2 THE OOLOGIST.

22. Clangula hyemalis (Old-squaw). Very rare migrant, I only know of
three specimens being taken.

23. Hrismatura rubida (Ruddy Duck). A common migrant.

24. Branta canadensis (Canada Goose). A rare migrant. Occasionally a.
flock is seen passing over.

25. Botaurus lentiginosus (American Bittern) I have found these birds rare,
may be more common in other sections of the county.

26. Botaurus exilis (Least Bittern). A rare summer resident.

27. Ardea herodias (Great Blue Heron). A common summer resident. One:
of these birds was seen flying over in January, 1880, by Mr. George E. Casey of
Fingal. Seven miles north-west of this city there is a Heronry, where nearly one
hundred pairs breed. I visited it on the 24th of May, 1889, in company with my
friend Mr. B. P. Wintemute of this city. It is in an immense swamp, very dense
with different kinds of large ferns, and thick bushes, and was nearly knee-deep.
in water. Several of the trees had as many as eight nests in them. The trees
preferred by the birds for nesting in, were mostly black ash. The date of visit-
ing we found was about ten days too late, as most of the nests contained young~
However two fine sets of four eggs were taken. On the 12th of the same month in
1890 we visited it again, and that date we also found to be too late; although we
secured several fine sets of eggs.

28. Ardea egretta (American Egret). A very rare visitor, Mr. Wm. Dodd of
this city, has stuffed two that were shot on the creek.

29. Ardea virescens (Green Heron). <A tolerably common summer resident.

30. Nycticorax nycticorax nevius (Black-crowned Night Heron). Mr. Jas~
Haight of Union has a bird of this species in his collection, that we shot on the
pond at that place, a few years since.

31. Porzana carolina (Sora). A common summer resident.

32. Gallinula galta (Florida Gallinule). A rare summer visitor near St.
Thomas. May be more common in other sections of the county.

33. Fulica americana (American Coot). This species is sometimes common
in the spring, and again in the fall, but I do not think it breeds.

34. Philohela minor (American Woodcock). A common summer resident.

35. Gallinago delicata (Wilson’s Snipe). A tolerably common spring and
fall visitor. Two birds of this species were shot in a sheltered spot south of this,
city on the 4th of February, 1888, and an old hunter told me that he once found
a nest and four eggs belonging to this bird north of this city. He said the bird
was lame, and that accounted for her remaining with us.

36. Tringa maculata (Pectoral Sandpiper). I find this a rare migrant, hav-
ing only one record of it, this I shot in the creek on the third of October, 1889.

37. Tringa bairdii (Baird’s Sandpiper). A very rare migrant, I shot one on
the 17th of August, 1889, on the creek, this is the only record.

88. Tringa minutilla (Least Sandpiper). A rather common migrant at the
ake.

39. Hreunetes pusillus (Semipalmated Sandpiper). Appears here as the
last species.

40. Calidris arenaria (Sanderling). A tolerably common migrant.

41. Totanus melanoleucus (Greater Yellow-legs). A common spring and falk
visitor on the creek.

a Totanus flavipes (Yellow-legs). A less common migrant than the pre-
ceeding.

43° Totanus solitarius (Solitary Sandpiper). This bird appears sparingly in
the spring, and again in August in increased numbers.

44. Bartramia longicauda (Bartramian Sandpiper). Mr. Dodd has one in
iis: collections shot here about twenty years ago, this is the only record I can.

nd.

45. <Actitis macularia (Spotted Sandpiper). A very common summer resi-

46. Charadrius dominicus (American Golden Plover). A rare migrant.
47. A gialitis vocifera (Killdeer). A common summer resident.

48. gialitis semipalmata (Semipalmated Plover). Common migrant.
49. Agialitis meloda (Piping Plover). An uncommon migrant.

50. Colinus wrainianius (Bob-white) "esi j

2

THE OOLOGIST. 83

a 51. Bonasa umbellus togata (Canadian Rutfed Grouse) A common resi-
ent.

52. Meleagris gallopavo (Wild Turkey). A very rare resident, the last taken
in the county was one shot out of a flock of eight near Eagle, by Mr. Charles Ax-
ford a hunter, in November, 1889.

58. Hctopistes migratorius (Passenger Pigeon). A rare migrant now, years
ago it Was very common. 4

54. Zenaidura macroura (Mourning Dove). A common summer resident.

5d. Cathartes aura (Turkey Vulture). Several birds of this species have
heen taken here. Mr. Dodd has three in his collection, shot within a few miles
of this city.

56. Circus hudsonius (Marsh Hawk). An uncommon summer resident, al-
though I have no record of their breeding.

57. <Accipiter velox (Sharp-shinned Hawk). A very common hawk during
the migrations.

é 58. Accipiter cooperi (Cooper’s Hawk). A tolerably common summer resi-
dent. Mr. Wintermute took a set of five eggs, in May, 1887, near this city.

59. Buteo borealis (Red-tailed Hawk). A common summer resident, a few
remain through the winter.

60. Buteo borealis calurus (Western Red-tail). Mr. Dodd shot one in the
spring of 1885. This is the only record we have of its occurrence in Ontario. It
is now in Mr. W. E. Sanders’ collection in London.

61. Buteo lineatus (Red-shouldered Hawk). A common summer resident.
A few remain through the winter.

62. Buteo latissimus (Broad-winged Hawk). Sometimes these hawks appear
in large flocks in the fall, but this is the only time I have observed them.

63. Archibuteo lugopus sancti-johannis (American Rough-legged Hawk). A
rare migrant.

64. Halieetus laucocephalus (Bald Eagle). An uncomnion resident, several
pairs have their nests in this county, but they are not as common as they for-
merly were.

65. Falco columbarius (Pigeon Hawk). A rare migrant.

66. Falcosparverius (Sparrow Hawk). A common summer resident.

67. Pandion haliaetus carolinensis (American Osprey). An uncommon sum-
mer resident.

68. <Asio wilsonianus (American Long-eared Owl). Several of these birds
are shot every winter. A farmer living south of this city found a nest of the
Crow occupied by this species, out of which he took two eggs, and left
two to hatch. He found the nest on the 18th of April, 1889.

69. Asio accipitrinus (Short-eared Owl). A rare winter visitor, do not think
they breed.

70. Nyctala acadica (Saw-whet Owl). Some winters these little owls are
found in small numbers, and others they are never seen. Two were shot about
a mile west of this city, in the same woods, at different times, in May, 1889, a
male and female, which looks as if they had reared their young, or had a nest in
that locality.

71. Syrniwm nebulosum (Barred Owl). ‘They use to be our commonest owl,
but of late years they have decreased greatly in numbers They have been found
breeding here.

72. Megascops asio (Screech Owl). Resident, not common.

73. Bubo virginianus (Great- horned Owl). A common resident.

74. Bubo virginianus arcticus (Artic Horned Owl). This bird is quite like
the foregoing in habits, food, ete., but is lighter in plumage. I have one shot in
November, 1886.

75. Nyctea nyctea (Snowy Owl). An irregular winter visitor.

' 76. Coccyzus umericanus (Yellow-billed Cuckoo). ‘Common summer resi-
dent.

77. Coccyzus erythrophthalmus (Black-billed Cuckoo). A more common

Woodpecker). Common

ie
ibe

THE OOLOGIST.

80. Dryobates pubescens (Downy Woodpecker). Common resident.

81. Sphyrapicus varius (Yellow-bellied Sapsucker). Spring and fall visit-
=aut. A few may breed.

82. Ceophleus pileatus (Pileated Woodpecker). A rare visitor. I saw three
«on the 31st of March, 1888.

83. Melanerpes erythrocephalus (Red-headed Woodpecker). A common sum-
mmer resident, a few remain through the winter. These birds are not nearly as
-eonimon as they formerly were.

84. Melanerpes carolinus (Red-bellied Woodpecker.) <A tolerably commen

_~avinter resident, I think a few breed here.

85. Colaptes auratus (Flicker). A common summer resident. Haye seen
“them remain through the entire winter.

85. Antrostomus vociferus (Whip-poor-will). A tolerably common summer
sresident!

87. Chordeiles virginianus (Nighthawk). Common summer resident.

88. Chetura pelagica (Chimney Swift). Common simmer resident,

89. Trochilus colubris (Ruby-throated Hummingbird). Summer resident.

9). Tyrannus tyrannus (Kingbird). A common summer resident.

91. Myiarchus crinitus (Crested Flycatcher). A tolerably common summer
weesident.

92, Sayornis phebe (Phoebe). A very common summer resident.

98. Contopus virens (Wood Pewee). Common summer resident.

94. Hmpidonax minimus (Least Flycatcher) Common summer resident.

95. Otocoris alpestris praticola (Prairie Horned Lark.) Common resident.
~{zenerally more numerous in winter than in summer.

96. Cyanocitta cristata (Blue Jay). A common resident.

97. Corvus corax sinwatus (American Raven). A very rare migrant. I have
-2o0 record of its having been taken recently in this county.

98. Corvus americanus (American Crow). A very common resident.

99. Dolichonyx oryzivorus (Bobolink). A common summer resident.

100. Molothrus ater (Cowbird). An extremely common summer resident.
101. Agelaius pheniceus (Red-winged Blackbird). Common summer resi-
eatent.

102. Sturnella magna (Meadowlark). A common summer resident, have seen

ithem in January on two occasions.

03. Icterus spurius (Orchard Oriole). Until the last few years this bird was
« considered a very rare summer resident, but of late it has become quite common.

104. Icterus galbula (Baltimore Oriole). Common summer resident.

105. Scolecophagus carolinus (Rusty Blackbird). A common migrant.
106. Quiscalus quiseula eneus (Bronzed Grackle). A common summer resi-
«dent.

107. Coccothraustes vespertina (Evening Grosbeak). An accidental winter

-zisitant, the only records I have of its being taken or observed in the county, are

= pair, a male and female shot by Egerton Farley on our grounds, on the 22d of

- January, 1890, and a third shot by myself a week later, there were about a dozen
in the first flock.

108. Pincola enucleator (Pine Grosbeak). A very irregular winter visitant.

109. Carpodacus purpureus (Purple Finch), Common as a summer resident,
‘wut less so during the winter.

110. Loxia curvirostra (American Crosbill). An irregular winter visitant.

111. <Acanthis linaria (Redpoll). Some winters these birds appear in large
“tlocks, and again they are entirely absent during the whole season.

112. Spenes tristis (American Goldfinch). A common resident.

113. Spinus pinuws (Pine Siskin). An irregular winter visitant. .
‘ 114. Plectrophenax nivalis (Snowflake). A common winter visitant, remain--
ing as late-as the first week in April.

115. Poocetes gramineus (Vesper Sparrow). A common summer resident,
~arriving very regularly on the 7th of April.

116. Ammodramus sandwichensis savanna (Savanna Sparrow). A tolerably
«common summer resident.

117. Zonotrichia leucophrys (White-crowned Sparrow). A cemmon migrant.

118. Zonotrichia albicollis (White-throated Sparrow). A more common mi-
g2rant than the foregoing species.

THE OOLOGIST. 85

a

119. Spizella monticola (Tree Sparrow). A common migrant, and winter
visitant.

120. Spizella socialis (Chipping Sparrow). Our commonest native sparrow-
' 121. Spizella pusilla (Field Sparrow). A tolerably common summer resi-
dent.

122. Junco hyemalis (Slate-colored Junco). A common resident.

123. Melospiza fasciata (Song Sparrow). A very common summer resident,
occasionally met with in mid-winter. |

124. Melospiza georgiana (Swamp Sparrow). A very unobtrusive bird, very
seldom noticed by any other than the collector. In some parts of the county it
is quite common, especially in the large marshes.

125. Passerella iliaca (Fox Sparrow). A very rare migrant, I shot one on
the 19th of April, 1888, west of this city, this is our only record.

126. Pipilo erythrophthalmus (Towhee). A common summer resident.

127. Cardinalis cardinalis (Cardinal). Accidental. Mr. Dodd has one in his
collection that he shot about 1860, and Mr. Orville Foster of this city shot one, a.
male in full plumage, west of St. Thomas, on the 4th of May, 1890.

4 128. Habia ludoviciana (Rose-breasted Grosbeak). A common summer resi-
ent.

129. Passerina cyanea (Indigo Bunting). A common summer resident.

130.- Spiza americana (Dickcissel). A very rare summer resident. A nest of
this bird was found near Union Pond in 1885, containing four eggs, they are now
in Mr. M. G. Kain’s collection of this city.

ae Piranga erythromelas (Scarlet Tanager). <A tolerably common summer
resident.

132. Progne subis (Purple Martin). A common summer resident.

138. Petrochelidon lunifrons (Cliff Swallow). A common summer resident.
134. Chelidon erythyogaster (Barn Swallow). A common summer resident.
135. Tachycineta bicolor (Tree Swallow). A tolerably common summer resi-
dent.

136. Clivicola riparia (Bank Swallow). A common summer resideni.

187. Stelgidopteryz serripennis (Rough-winged Swallow). An uncommon sum-
mer resident, generally found in company with the proceeding species.

138. Ampelis gorrulus (Bohemian Waxwing). A very rare winter visitant-
Mr. Dodd shot several out a large flock about the year 1875, and has two of them
in his collection now. He said they were very common that year.

139 Ampelis cedrorum (Cedar Waxwing). A common summer resident, often
observed during the winter.

140. Lanius borealis (Northern Shrike). A regular winter visitant, arriving
from the North in October and departing in March or April.

141. Lanius Indovicianus excubitorides (W hite-rumped Shrike). An uncommon
summer resident.

142. -Vireo olivaceus (Red-eyed Vireo). This bird is the commonest representa-
tive of this family.

143. Vireo philadelphicus (Philadelphia Vireo). A very rare summer resident, .
our only record was one that was shot by Mr. B. P. Wintermute on the 15th of.
May, 1889, at Port Stanley.

144. Vireo giluus (Warbling Vireo). A common summer resident.

; 145. Vireo flavifrons (Yellow-throated Vireo). An uncommon summer resi—
dent.

146. Vireo solitarus (Blue-headed Vireo). A rare migrant, only two specimens
taken, both in May, 1888, by myself.

147. Mniotilta varia (Black and White Warbler). A tolerably common summer
resident, more common as a migrant. :

148. Helminthophila chrysoptera (Golden-winged Warbler). A tolerably com-
mon summer resident.

149. Helminthophila ruficapilla (Nashville Warbler). Common as a migrant,
and I think a few might breed, but so far we have no record of their doing so.

150. Helminthophila celata (Orange-crowned Warbler). A very rare migrant,
Mr. Orville Foster and myself each got one, a male and a female in the same or-
chard, on the 11th of May, 1889. On the 15th of the same month Mr. Winter-
mute shot a male near Port Stanley.

151. Helminthophila peregrina (Tennessee Warbler). The Only record I have of
this bird being taken here, is one | shot early in September, 1889.

\

86 THE OOLOGIST.

152. Compsothlypis americana (Parula Warbler). An uncommon migrant,
might breed.

158. Dendroica estiva (Yellow Warbler). This is our commonest warbler.

154. Dendroica cerulescens (Black-throated Blue Warbler). An uncommon mi-
grant, being very irregular in their movements, sometimes not appearing during
the spring migrations.

155. Dendroica coronata (Myrtle Warbler) A very common migrant.

156. Dendroica maculosa (Magnolia Warbler). A common migrant.

157. Dendroica cerulea (Cerulean Warbler). A tolerably common summer res-

ident. :
158. Dendroica pensylvanica (Chestnut-sided Warbler). A common summer

resident.

159. Dendroica castanea (Bay-breasted Warbler). Mr. Wintermute shot one on
the 16th of May, 1889, at Port Stanley, this is the only record.

160. Dendroica striata (Black-poll Warbler). A tolerably common migrant.

161. Dendrowca blackburnie (Blackburnian Warbler). An uncommon spring
and fall visitor.

162. Dendroica virens (Black-throated Green Warbler). A common migrant.

168. Dendroica palmarum hypochrysea (Yellow Palm Warbler). Several of these
birds have been taken, but they are by no means common.

164. Seturus aurocapillus (Oven-bird). A common summer resident.

165. Seiurus noveboracensis (Water Thrush). An uncommon migrant.

166. Seiurus motacilia (Louisiana Water Thrush). This form occurs sparingly
throughout the county. It is not as common as the foregoing species.

167. Geothlypis agilis (Connecticut Warbler). A rare migrant. I shot one on
the 80th of May, 1888, and Mr. Wintermute shot one on the 24th of May, 1889.

168. Geothlypis trichas (Maryland Yellow-throat). A common summer resi-
dent.
169. Sylvania pusilla (Wilson’s Warbler). I generally find these warblers reg-
ularly in the spring and fall.

170. Sylwunia canadensis (Canadian Warbler). A tolerably common migrant.

171. Setophoga ruticiitla (American Redstart). A very common summer resi-
dent.
172. Anthus pensyloanicus (American Pipit). A tolerably common migrant.

173. Galeoscoptes carolinensis (Catbird). A very common summer resident.

174. Harporhynchus rufus (Brown Thrasher). An uncommon summer Fresi-
dent. They have decreased greatly in numbers during the past five years.

175. Troglodytes aedon lee Wren). A common summer resident.

176. Troglodytes hyemalis (Winter Wren). These birds generally appear in
small flocks, but regularly during the migration. I have never yet observed
them in winter.

177. Cistothorus palustris (Long-billed Marsh Wren). A very unevenly distrib-
uted species. Two of three pairs nest near this city, but these are the only ones
I know of.

178. Certhia fumiliaris americana (Brown Creeper). Appears under the same
circumstances, and in company with the Winter Wren.

179. Sttta carolinensis (W hite-breasted Nuthatch). A common resident. More
often seen in winter than in the breeding season.

180. Sitta canadensis (Red-breasted Nuthatch). A common migrant, some-
‘times observed in winter.

181. Parus atricapillus (Chickadee). A well known bird remaining all the
year.
182. Regulus satrapa (Golden-crowned Kinglet). A common migrant, often
observed in mid-winter.

188. Regulus calendula (Ruby-crowned Kinglet). Not so common a migrant as
the foregoing species. :

184. Polioptilla cerulea (Blue-gray Gnatcatcher). A tolerably common mi-
grant, might breed.

185. Turdus mustelinus (Wood Thrush). An abundant summer resident.

186. Turdus fuscescens (Wilson’s Thrush). Not as common as the foregoing
species.

187. Turdus ustulatus swainsonis (Olive-backed Thrush). A rare migrant, I
shot one on the 7th of May, 1887.

THE COLOGIST.

87

188. Turdus aonalaschke pallasii (Hermit Thrush). A common migrant, I saw
several and shot one on the 13th of December, 1878, also saw one on the 10th

of December, 1890.

189. Merula migratoria (American Robin).

often observed in winter.
190. Svalia statis (Bluebird).

An abundant summer resident,

A common summer resident.

The above list includes 190 species, divided thus:

HVESIG EINES Hae eee ame ai ccaire maiecaneca nee
JUTE N DSI ey BAN A AE caine
Summer residents............ AO
\AV pave WHISTONES A decals He dilobialelac
INCOCIOININ Ee DN oe Le eadiaietG

Chico seri g etna ia aM LeeLee aU Oe Ee EL

Random Notes on the Belted Kingfisher.
(Ceryle aleyon.) -

The Kingfisher although a ‘‘common
bird” it’s habits are but little known to
many of our collectors. It’s erratic
flight and queer rasping call, demands
attention and creates surprise every
where. The Alcedinide are known in
nearly every country, and in °many
places they are held in superstitious
dread. To the poor ignorant Tartan
and Ostiacs of India their feathers are
a charm against all evils. They are
the halcyon bird of the Ancients from
whose habits of incubation arose the
term ‘‘Haleyon Days” or those days
which are particularly peaceful and
happy. The English species is smaller
than our Belted Kingfisher, also of
brighter plumage, though their nesting
habits are the same.

To frequenter of creeks or small
rivers this bird is one of endless inter-
est. A careless observer would think
it to be of no small size (judging from
it’s bill and head which are grotesquely
out of proportion to the weight of the
body), asit suddenly dashes by you
with its peculiar harsh eall and beauti-
ful metallic plumage. . Yet upon exam-
ination it proves to be scarcely as large
asadove. In South-Eastern Kansas
where J took my first notes on this bird

Ce

Ce

SC

Many a time while skating have I seen
the peculiar anties of this bird in search
of small fish around the shallow and
unfrozen pools of the river.

They begin nesting about the last of ©
April and raise from 6 to 14 young.
Their nests are but rarely disturbed
owing to their position. I have found
the nest proper as far as 12 feet back
from the face of the bank, the tunnel
usually sloping from the nest to the
opening. Speaking from experience,
the collecting of their eggs on the high
banks of rivers is no easy thing, were it
not that they always tunnel their nests
near the top of these steep banks but
few could be collected at the locality
from which they are taken, for after
digging a couple hours to find nothing
at the end, is enough to dampen the
ardor of the ordinary oologist. Re-
markably, on three-fourths of all the
nests which have had eggs I would also
find a bird, and in one instance the
the bird had broken all the eggs when
I reached the nest, either through fright
or natura] meanness.

A Kingfisher may well be called a fit
example of patience, upon seeing one
sitting quietly for hours at a time on a
dead stub or drift near the water wait-
ing forameal. We might draw astrik-
contrast. Their manner of catching
fish is a very peculiar one, and orginal

it is very aboundant, staying all winter.|to their family. I take an instance

88

THE OOLOGIST.

from my notes of last summer, it was
June 6, I was walking a long the bank
of a creek when my attention was
attracted by the peculiar motion of a
Kingfisher seated on a snag in the
ereek, he was moving his head back-
ward and and forward, it made a shad-
ow on the water. He continued this
for sometime and I was wondering
whether he had a ‘“‘jag” on, so to speak,
or whether he had swallowed a fish
crosswise, when suddenly he rose ob-
liquely in the air to a distance of about
15 feet when he turned and made adash
for the water almost perpendicularly
coming up with a good sized perch. I
am inclined to think that the shadow
attracted the fish. I have also seen
them fall on pieces of flesh from dead
animals near rivers and creeks. I at
first thought they were after the meat,
but after seeing them capture three or
four small tish which were attracted by
the carcass, I concluded it was the fish
and not the meat they were after.

The Kingfisher, all in all, is a very
interesting bird and ‘of whose peculiar
habits I have never grown tired of
studying.

JoHN W. MYKRANTZ,
Ashland, Ohio.

The English Sparrow.

A number of years ago few English
Sparrows were to be seen in Nebraska
City. When the packing houses locat-
ed here, they constructed a large num-
ber of sheds and yards. This was a per-
fect paradise, for the Sparrows, for food
could be procured easily. Their whole
time was occupied in constructing nests
and rearing young. Soon this place be-
came to small for their numbers. Some
ejected the Blue-birds and Martins
from their homes, others laid claim to
the woodpecker’s holes, still others
took possession of the Bank Swallow’s
burrows along the river.

In the fall of 1889 two lonely Spar-
rows were seen to alight on my Grand-

fathers farm which is a distance of six
miles from the city. Early in March
1890 they returned and immedivtely
established themselves in a nest, that
had been built and occupied for years
by a pair of Barn Swallows. When
the Swallows returned they were
promptly driven off by the squatters.
Instead of the pleasant twittering and
flash of gay wings, we heard nothing
but thetharsh rasping scold of Passer
domesticus throughout the whole sum-
mer. After the breeding season was
over I found by a careful examination,
that the flock contained fifteen mem-
bers. But asad day came,—they left.
Over the side of their old brood-nest an
unfortunate Sparrow swayed, to and
fro, in the breeze, hung by a horse hair.

I send the following newspaper clip-
ping, hoping the readers of the OoLo-
Gist who have the future safety of our
native birds at heart, will try this way
of exterminating this free-booter, who
evidently thinks this whole universe,
with all it’s Wren, Blue-bird and Martin
boxes were constructed for his especial

benefit: ‘‘Dr.S. B. Collins, the noted
opium and’ morphine habit doctor of
the world, gives a sure and safe way of
exterminating the pesky English Spar-
row. He says feed them corn-meal and
salt, one pint of salt to one peck of corn
meal. The salt should be dissolved in
water and throughly mixed with the
meal, then dried. The best time to des-
troy them is in cold weather, when food
is scarce. Within thirty days every
Sparrow in the United States can be
exterminated.”

J. ELLIs McLELLAN,
Nebraska City, Neb.

A Few Articles for the Collector.

An article which will be found very
convenient in collecting, is a cheap fish
reel and one hundred feet or more of
strong small line. This will be found
very useful in hauling up a collecting
box, ete., to a high nest, also in meas-
uring height of nest from the ground,
It is well to have a small snap hook
fastened to the end of the line.

THE OOLOGIST.

89

A good collecting case for an extend-
ed trip, collecting water birds eggs
from a boat ete., is made as follows:
Get a box of light material and suitable
size—mine is 17 inches long, 11 wide
and 7 deep, made from 3-16 inch mater-
ial, corners dovetailed together. Nail
the cover on tight, and saw the box
in two so that each half shall measure
17x11x34 (if your box is the same size
as mine). Hinge the two parts together
on one of the 17 inch sides so that the
ease will open like a satchel. It may
be fastened with small hooks and, if
satchel lock cannot be procured, with a
tiny hasp and padlock. The case
should be covered with heavy duck can-
vass, and this should be treated to sev-
eral coats of asphaltam, which renders
it nearly waterproof. The interior
may be divided up by thin board parti-
tions into compartments of size to suit
the taste. Itis well to have one com-
partment specially for carrying climb-
ers in, and one or two others may be
for other instruments. A case like this
will hold a great many eggs.

Small nets, of at least three sizes will
be found of value, one about five inches
in diameter, the other two, two and one
inches respectively. These should be
made with a good stiff wire frame, and
the net made of cotton twine. This
will be found to be better and to last
longer than cloth or mosquito netting.
‘The two smaller nets may be crocheted
and the larger one made as follows:
Having got the wire frame ready, fasten
it up in a convenient place to work on.
Cut the twine in lengths about three
times as great as you wish the depth of
the net to be (for this net should be
about twenty four inches). Double
these in the middle and loop them onto
frame at a distance apart varying
according to the size you wish the
meshes of your net to be. After having
fastened these entirely around the
frame you will have the twine hanging
in two strands, each place. Separate

J

these and tie, forming half meshes.
When the first row of knots is complete
continue on the second in the same
as the first. Continue in this way until
the net is nearly as deep as you wish it
to be, then narrow rapidly, by tying
the succeeding rows of meshes smaller.
When the aperture at the bottom be-
comes so small that the number of
strings become troublesome, tie the
knots very tight.and clip off one string
from each pair, and continue to tie as
before. When the number of strings
is sufficently reduced these may be tied
together and the ends clipped off.

The wire handle should now be bent
in form on an oval hoop. This net is
tied to the end of a pole when needed
and is useful in scooping the eggs from
nests of Hawks ete., which could not be
otherwise reached. The two smaller
nets are left with long wire handles and
are used in taking the eggs from nests
in hollow trees and banks. ,

A hook made of stiff wire, with loop
for tying to a pole, is useful in bringing
nests on long slender limbs within
reach. The collector should always
have plenty of twine with himas he will
frequently need it very much.

A climbing strap is of almost as much
value as climbing irons, and the collect-
or who wishes to take Hawks and Owls
eggs should never be without either.
A climbing strap should be at least fif-
teen feet or more in length, and two
inches wide, made of good leather in
two parts, buckling together in one
place, and fastening with a snap hook
and several stout rings at distances of
six inches apart, in the other. A good
description of a strap will be found in
the Mar.—April 1886 number of the
OoLOGIST, page 20. A water blower
and a case instrument are both indis-
pensible to the collectors. These have
both been described in former numbers.
A good dark lantern will be found of
great service at times, both for investi-
gating nests in holes, and for use in

90

THE OOLOGIST.

“shady” night collecting. Itis a good
thing to prepare a few eggs for substi-
tute for Hawks eggs in case of finding
an incomplete set. This may be done
by selecting hens eggs as near the size
and shape as possible, boiling them
hard, and spotting them carelessly with
brown paint. Last, but not least, Lat-
tin’s new Hand-Book should always be
in the pocket ready for reference. For
constant use it will be found that the
flexible leather covers are decidedly
preferable to the paper.
BUS: Be
Ontario Co., N. Y.
Screech Owl.
Megascops asio (Linn).

This pretty mottled Owl is found
throughout the eastern part of the
United States and Canada; west of the
Rocky Mountains.

He is known by vazious names, some
of which are, ‘‘Mottled Owl,” ‘‘Little
Red Owl” and ‘‘Gray Owl.”’

The female is from nine and a half,
to ten inches long; the tail being about
three and a half inches; the male is
nearly the same size.

The Sereech Owl is speckled and bar-
red; the ground color is gray or red,
the two colors bearing no relation to
age, sex, or season. The two condi-
tions of the plumage, gray and red,
generally give rise to the belief that
they are two distinct species. This,
however, is erroneous. —

The food of the Screech Owl consists
of mice, insects and small birds.

He has ear tufts about one inch long.

March 17, while I was out for Owl’s
eggs, I caught a Gray Owl on the nest.
Immediately after I had removed her
from the hole, she disgorged a ball of
fur and bones commonly known as
“Owl Spit.”

The nest was built in a hollow limb
of an apple tree, and composed of
sticks, leaves and feathers; to my dis-
appointment there was no eggs.

She is brown on the back with a few
white markings; the breast and under
parts are white, beautifully mottled
and barred with brown; the eyes are:
large and yellow. When she is disturb-
ed, she grates her beak, (making a
noise like that which is produced by
snapping the fingers) and puffs out her
feathers. It is queer, but so, that I
have not heard her utter any noise
other than that which I described above~

The eggs, like those of other owls,.
are pure white and nearly round; they
measure on an average 1.40x1,.20; from
four to six are the number usually laid,
but sometimes eight or nine make up-
the set. The nest is made in a hollow
tree, stump, barn or shed. The notes.
of the Screech Owl are uttered in a
tremulous, doleful manner, and may be
heard a hundred yards or more.
He is an entirely inoffensive species.
and not unfrequently flies about during-
the daytime.

H. T. GREENE
Montelair, N. J.

Western Meadow Lark.
(Sturnella magna neglecta.)

The Western Meadow Lark is found,,
regularly, from that tier of states bor~
dering the Mississippi on the west to.
the Pacific; to the north as far as British
Columbia and Manitoba; and south-
ward into the northern limits of West-
ern Mexico. It is fouud sparingly east.
of its regular range within the territory
of its cousin, Stwrnella magna. Itis
imperfectly migratory and _ breeds
throughout its range.

The Western Meadow Lark is a com -
mon resident of California. Almost
every grassy plot has at least a pair of
these agreeable tenants. The spring
breezes that waft across these happy
homes come to the ardent student of
Nature ladened with the delicious fra—
grance of unnumbered flowers, and
the sweet strains of the Meadow Lark

THE OOLOGIST.

91

bestowing upon his mate melodious as-

‘surances of fidelity and love. Then a
Goldfinch. in unduiating flight, festoons
the other with its plaintive song. Emul-
ous and with joy-glowing breast, the
lark springs from his grassy covert to
wing his brief, uncertain course; as he
rises on fluttering pinious he glances at
every side, his throat swells with blithe-
some song, the musical accents resound
throughout the meadow: his flageoletic
song ceases, a short sail and a few flut-
ters terminates his flight.

From morass, thicket and woodland
come the voices of Warblers, Wrens
and Thrushes, joined in harmonious
union, loud rings the concert of appro-
bation; the Mockingbird, accompaning
his strains with aerial evolutions, leads
the throng; the rhapsody of the Thrash-
er, the whistle of the Wren-tit, even
the sad pe-wee of the Pheebe bird help
swell the chorus. A swoop and the
fierce shriek of a hawk silences all.

The great interior valleys of Califor-
nia, the valleys of the Sacramento and
San Joaquin, which combined extend
over four hundred miles in length and
from forty to sixty miles in width, seem
to be the natural home of the Western
Meadow Lark. I can conceive of no
place more thickly populated with these
merry denizens of the fields than that
part of the San Joaquin situated in the
western part of Tulare county known
as Lucerne Vale, a district of about
four hundred square miles. Here are
extensive wheat fields; the monotony of
the scene is broken by farm houses,
here and there, surrounded with poplar
trees and orchards, and also by darker
hued fields of Alfalfa, in early summer
the color of which is in marked contrast
to the ripened grain. Lines of droop-
ing willows, which fringe the banks of
capacious irrigation canals, weave their
way through these fertile plains and
can be traced for miles until they be
come as threads and are lost in the
dimness of the distance.

Far in the east the Sierra Nevadas
left their lofty forms in rude grandeur
above the plain; Mount Whitney, 14886
feet in elevation, towers above the
others and presents to the sun, a glitter-
ing, snow-capped peak. The Coast
Range mountains can be traced a dim
outline on the western horizon. Such
is the model home of lhe Western
Meadow Larks.

Unmolested, . they congregate here in
countless numbers. On driving along
the road, they arise in flocks from the
road-side, fluttering a snort distance
and settle again. They are easy to ap-
proach—a poor marksman, indeed, is
he who must fill his bag with Meadow
Lark.

The flight of the Meadow Lark is
peculiar. It springs from the ground,
glances about as if in fear and beats its
wings in a laborious manner; after at-
taining a certain height it flys and sails
alternately, it but seldom enters upon
protracted flights, yet when shot at it
sails and flies, until lost in the azure
depth.

The nesting time is from the middle
of April to July; the nest is built in a
tuft of grass and is well concealed.
The eggs, four to six in number are
white, spotted with reddish-brown.
The Larks make model parents, show-
ing great solicitude for their young.

Harry C. Lixriz,
Santa Barbara, Cal.

Hermit Thrush.
(Turdus aonalaschke pallasie.)

Of the family Zwrdide resident in
Southern New England the Hermit
Thrush is undoubtedly the. rarest.
This bird, as its name implies, is soli-
tary in habit; and one must search in
the deep woods away from the ‘“‘haunts
of man.” to find it.

On the nineteenth of June, 1887 I had
the good fortune to discover a nest and
eggs of this species in Hartford county,
this state. I had set out to look for a

92

THE OOLOGIST.

few plants of the Pink Cyrepedium. In
my search I entered a deep wood by an
unfrequented road. On one side were
low trees and saplings intermingled
with bushes’ where evidently the
attempt to clear the land had long since
been abandoned. On the other side a
forest stood which had not yet yielded
to the encroachment of man. Tall pines
their lower branches interlocking ren-
dered an ingress a difficult task. Here
and there, were open places filled with
dense shrubbery snd undergrowth.
Clumps of Mountain Laurel and the
low whortle-berry bushes were inter—
spersed now and then with a bare sandy
tract covered with pine needles.

Into this wilderness I plunged to obtain
if possible the object of my search (and
here let me say, although J was not
particularly successful in this, a greater
pleasure was in store.) Pushing aside
the branches impeding, I advanced into
one of the open spots previously men-
tonied, upon my approach, a Hermit
Thrush flew from a clump of bushes
near by, and alighted a short distance
away. My suspicions aroused—I pene-
trated the shrubbery from whence the
bird had flown. Much to my delight I
discovered the nest containing three
eggs. The opportunity for making the
identity certain was given: for the
thrush was still near at hand. The nest
was a rather bulky affair composed of
grasses, weed-stalks, leaves and strips
of bark, lined with dried grasses. It was
placed in a whorttle-berry bush abont
two feet from the ground, at the poiut
where the slender branches dividing in
several directions form a crotch of va-
rying size. The eggs were greenish-blue
in color darker than those of the Wilson’s
Thrush(Turdus fuscescens) and larger.
I regret to say that but one egg was
taken. This measured .88x.66, as this
specimen was partially incubated, the
set must have been complete.

AN OBSERVER,
Hartford Co, Conn.

Aves Urbis.

Such a beautiful morning, the air so
fresh and clear, the sun so bright! Just
the day for a trip in the woods and here
you are helpless because of that sprained
ankle. Do not give up entirely, there is
a good dealof ornithology to be learned
in the trees around your city home, and
many a pleasant half hour may be spent
in the discovery of birds you had sup-

posed unique to the fields.

We dwell in the heart of a city of 62000
inhabitants but have the good fortune
of a roomy back yard with five fine
apple trees; as many more stand over
the fence in a neighbors yard and in
this minature orchard many birds dwell.
In and about this yard I have observed
74 species, 21 of which have been found
breeding, quite a number for so limited
an area.

Of all the aquatic birds but one has
been observed, and that a solitary
Woodcock flushed from the long grass
in early spring. Bobwhite once made
usa flying visit for the purpose of
eating our grapes, The Raptores sent
only Cooper’s and Sparrow Hawks as
their representatives while the Picidsze
were generous enough to bring to
notice five species. The Flycatchers
have at various times exhibited six
species of which Traill’s was the most
remarkable. Both Orioles, the Cowbird,
and Bronzed Grackles comprise our
Sternidze but of Fringillidee we have
a goodly number, fifteen species swell-
ing the list. The tramp English Sparrows
have nearly disappeared, thanks to re-
lentless persecution on my part, thus
leaving room for their more weleome
relatives. Purple Finches pay us visits
in spring and fall and are especially
welcome because of their sweet songs.
White-winged Crossbills and _ Pine
Finches have once dropped in on us but
the Red Crossbills are not on the list.
Fox Sparrows and Towhees are with us
in spring but soon depart, the one for

THE OOLOGIST.

93

it’s Northern breeding places, the other | ear was busily engaged. He “klim”

for the surrounding country. When the
apple blossoms are just in their prime,
witha true eye for the beauty of contrast
the Scarlet Tanagers and Rose-breasted
Grosbeaks come, catching flies from the
tops of the trees. Bohemian Waxwings
tantalized me on Sunday morning when
I dared not shoot. It is surprising
to see how many of his favorites
the Warbler admirer could find
in haunts apparently unsuited to them.
During migrations Creepers, Nashville,
Yellow, Myrtle, Black-thr. Green, Oven
birds and Yellow-throats are abundant
while ‘Tennessee, Golden-winged, Cape
May, Black-thr. Blue’ Blackburnian,
Prairie, and Wilson’s Warblers are not
so common but still notrare. Other
birds one would not expect are Ruby-
crowned Kinglets, Wood, Olive-backed
Gray-cheeked, and Hermit Thrushes.
With all these who would despair of
a pleasant trip among his friends even
through fortune may frown on his
country attempts? ;
STEWART E. WHITE,
Grand Rapids, Kent Co., Mich.

A Much Occupied Nest.

A rather peculiar case of the nesting
of birds came under my notice lately,
and I will try and tell the readers of
the OoLogistT about it, hoping it may
be of interest to some.

In a grove not far from the city a
pair of crows built a nest in the fork of
a tree early in April. Perhaps they
fitted up some old hawks’ nests; how-
‘ever that may be, they laid their com-
plement of five eggs which were immed-
lately secured by an enterprising young
oologist (?).

Not long afterwards (about the 25th
of April) another friend while wander-
ing in the grove, shot a nice male Long-
eared Owl and shortly afterwards came
to the crow’s nest on which Mrs. Long-

up and was rewarded with a set of four
fresh eggs.

For some time this nest ‘‘of my tale”
had a rest but on May 6. a pair of Coop
er’s Hawks were hanging around and
on the twelfth a set of four were taken
and the male, who was on the nest at
the time was shot.

Again on May 22d while I was collect-
ing Warblers in the same patch, I
noticed a Broad-winged Hawk sail
around over the trees and thought I
would take a look at the nest. After
an easy climb I found one egg of the
Broad-wing. Afraid to leave this I
substituted a hen’s egg in its place and
went out two days later and got an-
other, adding another hen’s egg decora-
ted with umber ‘‘spots’’ and “blotches.”

Two days later [ went out again and
found that some enterprising oologist
had taken the ‘‘decoys”’ and killed one
of the birds. I heard later an amateur
egg-collector who does it for the “fun’’
of the thing, relate in glowing terms of
the taking of an incompleted set of
Broad-winged Hawk’s eggs on which
the spots washed out, but he added, I
have positive identity because I ‘‘nail-
ed” the bird!

About the middle of June the nest
was again occupied by a pair of crows,
probably by some birds who had lost
their first set, these birds only laying
three eggs. Not visiting the nest any
more I am unable to say positively
what happened. However heard that
the young birds had been taken by
some farmer boys for pets.

Now the only thing needed for this
story to make it a ‘‘whopper”’ was for a
Horned Owl and then a Red-tailed
Hawk to have occupied in turn before
the Long-eared Owl, but truth forbids.

The nest still stands and I hope will
yield more sets the coming spring.
PHALAROPUS,
Minneapolis, Minn.

94

- THE OOLOGIST.

The Whip-poor- will.

‘““W hen purpling shadows westward creep
And stars through crimson curtains peep,
And south winds sing themselves to sleep;
From woodlands heavy with perfume
Of spicy bud and April bloom
Comes through the tender twilight gloom,
Music most mellow.
‘W hip-po’-will—will. oh!

W hip-po’-will—will, oh!

Whip-po’-will, whip-po’-will, whip-po’-will

—Will. oh"

The bosom of the brook is filled

With new alarm, the forest thrilled
With startled echos, and most skilled.
To run a labyrinthine race
The fireflies light their lamps to chase
The culprit through the darkling space—

Mischievous fellow.

‘W hip-po’-will—will, oh!

Whip-po’-will—will, oh!

Whip-po’-will, Whip-po’-will, whip-po’-will

—Will, oh!’

From hill to hill the echoes fly

The marshy brakes take up the cry,
And when the slumbering waters lie
In calm repose, and slyly feeds
The snipe among the whispering reeds,
The tale of this wild sprite’s misdeeds

Troubles the billows.

‘W hip-po’-will—will, oh!

Whip-po’-will—will, oh!

Whip-po’will, whip-po’-will, whip-po’-will

—Will, oh!”

Arriving here abaut the tenth of
April, the return of the Whippoorwill
is welcomed by almost every one as a
happy signal of the near approach of
the balmy days of spring. His famil-
iar notes, which are listened to with
such interest by all, are at first heard
from some retired part of the woods,
but soon hg begins to visit the more
open fields and roadsides, and fre-
quently ventures within a few yards of
our dwellings. These friendly visits
have been regarded by the superstitious
as omens of disaster, henee we some-
times hear of death or some misfortune
which has followed these nocttirnal
visits. It is very remarkable how the
syllable representing the notes of this
bird, are changed to suit the fanciful
imaginations of difierent persons. To
many it resembles the syllables whip-

poor-will, from which its name is de-
rived. Tomeitis a distinct articula-
tion of whip-o-will. Mr. Langille says
to his ear it is like ‘‘chick-hoo-rhee.”
We are informed by Nuttall that some
of the Indians tribes gave to this bird
the name ‘‘Wecoalis,” for the same
reason that it has been given ‘‘Whip-
poor-will” in English. By the casual
observer there is no distinction made
between the note of the Whip-poor-will
and that of the Chuck-wills-widow, no
difference being known between the
two birds, as they are rarely or never;
as a result; the notes are heard as com-
ing from one bird. This may be an
explanation of some of the various
renderings by different ears. It is not
our purpose to criticise, but unless it be
considered as poetic license, which per-
mits the use of peculiar forms and ex-
pressions, the author of the pleasing
and expressive lines as quoted above
must have fallen into the same error.
Observe ‘‘will-oh,” at the conclusion of
each line representing the song which
follows each verse. This seems to be a
eorruption of wid-ow, the last two syll-
ables of the Chuck-will’s-widow’s note;
the sound of d being displaced by that
of 7. In habits the Whip-poor-will and
Chuck-will’s-widow are very similar,
retiring tosome unfrequented part of
the woods during the day, there
remaining in perfect silence, and un-
seen. But no sooner does night spread
its curtains of darkness around, then
the woods begin to reverberate with
their vociferous notes, whichis apt to
produce a feeling of loneliness upon
one if alone in the woods at this time,
yet the sound is not unpleasant. These
strains die away as night advances,
when at the hour of midnight all is
silent, but start afresh in the morning,
saluting the dawn with their “melod-
ious music.”

Many are the erroneous ideas enter-
tained by intelligent persons, who have
never taken the pains to ascertain the

THE ,OOLOGIST.

95

ee

true facts regarding the Whip-poor-will.
The Nighthawk or Bullbat, which can
be seen in summer evenings, a few
hours before sunset, skimming over the
green meadows, describing his semi-
circles and cutting his oblique lines
through the air, uttering all the while
his harsh note, accompanied by an
occasional ‘‘booming’’ is supposed by
many to be the samo bird whose note
a little later is change to the Whip-poor-
wills song. There are others, less
enlightened, who are possessed with
the curious notion that at the first fall
of frost this mysterious bird of the
night is transformed into a frog, and
thus spends the whole winter season in
entire seclusion, until called out again
by the first sound of thunder in early
spring, when he again asumes his form-
er Shape, once more becoming a mes-
senger of bad tidings.

Laying begins in this latitude about
the middle of May. So far as I have
observed, both the Whip-poor-will and
Chuck-will’s- widow, during the day,
remain near their nests or the spot to
be chosen for the nest. I have secured

eggs of both species by locating the.

bird. This can be done by going about
sunset, to some locality where they
frequent, and remaining quiet until the
first note is heard, which is usually
preceeded by a low elucking sound,
then creep stealthily in the direction
from which the sound comes, so as to
get a clearer view of her position. If
the effort proves a failure or if there is
any doubt as to her exact position, it
would be best to. try the experiment
another evening, until her position is
located with certainity. When this is
this is done mark the spot, an@ return
next day, when it is likely the bird will
be Hushed, perhaps near the spot that
was marked, or,-if setting, from the
nest. Now look carefully in every
direction, near every bush, beside every
log or stump, within fifteen or twenty
yards from the place marked. The

eggs are very likely to be found if they
have been laid. They are placed on
the bare leaves, no [pretentions, what-
ever, being made at nest building.
To follow the above directions, strictly,
will require a little trouble and some:
patience, but remember the way of the
true oologist ishard. I hope some of the
readers wlll try this plan and report
through the columns of THE OOLoaIsT.
M. C. WHITE,
Mathews Co., Va.

Nesting of the Red-tailed Hawk.
(Buteo borealis) Gmel.

The Red-tailed Hawk or Red-tailed
Buzzard as it is sometimes called is dis—
tributed sparingly throughout this.
section—Eastern Penna.— and breeds,
though in some few localities it is con-
sidered quite common. Broad meadow
and pasture-lands bordered by heavy
woods afford this hawk his favorite:
hunting ground. Wherever squirrels,
chipmunks, ground-mice,, moles and
small rodents abound some species of
Hawk will invariably be found breeding:
and also where crows nest abundantly
they are generally found for the crow
isin many instances the architect of
the hawk’s nest. This species is the
largest of the common hawks, it may
be readily identified by the brownish-
red color on the under side of its tail.
The nest is placed in the largest trees.
from 40 to 60 or in a few instances 80
feet from the ground, many of them
being practically inaccessible owing to:
the size of the tree trunks. It varies in
size from that of a crows to a great.
bulky mass of sticks, grass, twigs, corn-
stalks and moss as large in diameter as.
a buggy wheel, though very large it is.
comparatively shallow. The number of
eggs laid is two or three rarely four.
They are bluish-white to a soiled white:
in color heavily blotched and splashed
with red and chestnut with obscure
markings of-purple on the larger end

96

THE OOLOGIST.

a

or oceasionly one egg of a set is marked
on the smaller end. In very rare instan-
ces they have been found entirely un-
marked. The average size is 2.36x1.80
inches. I report my first find of this
species for this year on Mar. 20th.

This nest is placed high in the forks
of a giant poplar tree ina small grove
bordering a stream. Last year a crow
built and occupied this nest but owing
to its being so admirably located a pair
of Buteos has taken possession of it this
year. It is about 64 ft. high and owing
to the size of the tree I think this clutch
of eggs will remain unmolested. If any

readers of the Oologist know of any safe

and practical plan of reaching the
eggs of species which nest so high in
large trees—hawks especially— they

will comfer a favor by having it pub-

lished in that live and wide-awake
paper to the interest of collectors—THE
Oo.oaist. When flying machines are
invented I expect to take several sets of
Red-tails which so far have defied all
attempts on the part of collector to
reach then.
Jos. P. JACKSON.
Kelton, Pa.

Cooper’s Hawk.

The Cooper’s Hawk commonly called
the Chicken Hawk by the farmers, is
quite common in Western Massachu.
setts. It is about 18 inches long, and
has a long.slightly round tail some
eight or nine inches in length. This bird
ean be recognized by its easy flight, and
which in the open country, is near the
_ ground, but when in pursuit of its
quarry, itis very quick and powerful
in its flight, and soon captures its prey.
It is a great nuisance to the farmer who
wishes to raise chickens for profit. If it
once gets a taste from a brood, nothing
except a heavy charge of shot fired with
deadly effect, will drive it away till
every chick has been taken. We remem-
ber when a boy, that one of these hawks

commenced to pick up a brood of
chickens near the house. They were dis-
appearing fast when one morning on
going out to feed them we saw the hawk
sitting on the coop waiting for them
to come out. We took our gun and
followed it to a wood lot near by, and
shot the female on her nest, from which
we took three eggs. This was in the
days when we were beginning our col-
lection of eggs and placing them in our
cabinet without blowing out the con-
tents. This nest was in a_ beech-tree
about forty feet from the ground and it
resembled the nest of the Red-tailed
Hawk, and was built close to the body
of the tree. The next year we took four
eggs from the same nest. This was
about twenty-five years ago. A few
years later, while fishing for trout, we
found another nest beside the brook
about one half mile from the old place
containing five eggs. The birds had tak-
en possession of an old crow’s nest which
they had repaired and used for their
domestic arrangements. This too, was
ina beech-tree some twenty-five feet
from the ground. The eggs were fresh
and easily blown,some of which Friend
Lattin took in exchange for eggs not in
our collection. Our fourth and last nest
was found in another beech-tree in the
same wood lot, where the first two sets
were taken. The birds had taken pos-
session of a Red-tailed Hawk’s nest,
from which we had taken a set of three
eggs afew weeks before. We find by
referring to THE OoLoaist for Decem-
ber 1886. that the three Red-tailed
Hawk’s eggs were taken April 10, 1882.
and that the five Cooper’s Hawk’s were
taken from the same nest May 17th of
the same year, a little more than a
month later. A description of the diffi-
culties experienced in securing those
two sets of eggs, can be found under
the subject “A Newsy Letter from
Massachusetts’? in THE OoLoeist of
that date. This bird usually lays four
or five eggs. Probably in those instances

THE OOLOGIST.

where collectors have only taken three
eggs, the set was incomplete or the bird
had been robbed of her eggs several
times. The eggs are bluish or greenish-
white with occasionly a few obscure
blotches of dark color, averaging about
1.90x1.50 of an inch in size. In our ex-
perience with this hawk we have found
that instead of building its own nest, it
has repaired either an old crow’s or one
of the larger species of hawk’s nest, and
thus has saved a good deal of hard
work building such a bulky affair. The
breeding season varies considerably,
even in the same latitude, with this
species. Usually the eggs are laid be-
tween the 10th and 20th of May, but
some collectors report finding their
eggs as early as May Ist. and others as
late as June Ist. A set of their eggs
makes a fine addition to a collection
and are well worthy of notice.
ERwIN G. WARD,
Palmer, Mass.

The Eagles of North America,
BY J. W. P. SMITHWICK, SANS
Souctr, N.C.

OIn this article I will try to describe
the different species of eagles that in-
nabit North America, and give a few
notes on each species. Only three spec-
ies of these grand birds make this Con-
tinent their home; but these are the
noblest and finest of the whole family.
What nobler bird than the Bald Eagle—
the emblem of our Republic—can be
found anywhere; and, the Golden
Eagle, too, cannot be surpassed in state-
liness. Eagles are birds of very great
strength and power of endurance, cap-
able of performing the longest journey
seemingly, without fatigue.

BALD EAGLE (Halievetus lewcocephalus.)

This eagle frequents the whole of
North America, but is more numerous
in Florida than anywhere else. Dr.
Coues says in his Key, that it inhabits
N. A. anywhere, common— for an

97

eagle. The size of the Bald-headed
Species, varies from three feet to three
feet and three inches in length; and in
extent, from six to eight feet, and I
have even heard of them being killed
which measured nine feet in extent, but
have never met with an instance of this,
and therefore I cannot verify the state-
ment. Several years ago, four Bald
Eagles were fighting in the air over my
grandfather’s farm, when two of them
clinched and fell to the ground, not
many yards away from the house.
They thoroughly terrorized the two col-
ored people that were working there,
because they believed that Judgement
Day had come, and this occurrence was
to warn them of its approach. One of
them, an old man started for the house
to get the gun. When he got to the
steps, he changed his mind and thought
that he would take them alive, and
started back; but when he caught sight
of the birds his heart failed him, and he
started to the house again half running,
only to repeat the same performance as
soon as he reached the door steps My
aunt and the colored woman in the
meantime assailed the eagles with a
board apiece, and in a short time dis-
patched them both. When they came
through the yard gate, each carrying a
dead eagle, they saw the old man still
running back and forth, calling out,
“Oh! Miss S , Where’s de gun,
where’s de gun.’ In answer to him
they held up their eagles, which com-
pletely overcame him to think that they
should kill them without a gun.

The Bird of Washington which the
immortal Audubon thought was a new
species was nothing more than the im-
mature Bald Eagle. In speaking of
The Washington Eagle, Audubon’s own
words are: “It was in the-month of
February, 1814, that I obtained the first
sight of this noble bird (meaning the
supposed new species, The Bird of

Washington), and never shall I forget
the delight it gave me. Not even Her-

”

98

THE OOLOGIST.

a

schel when he discovered the planet
which bears his name, could have ex-
perienced more rapturous feelings.
We were ona trading voyage, ascend-
ing the Upper Mississippi. The keen
wintry blasts whistled around us, and
the cold from which I suffered had, in a
great degree, distinguished the deep in-
terest which at other seasons, had been
wont to wake in me. I lay stretched
beside our patroon. The safety of the
cargo was forgotten, and the only thing
that called my attention, was the mul-
titude of ducks of different species, ac-
companied by vast flocks of swans,
which from time to time passed us.
My patroon, a Canadian, had been for
years engaged in the fur trade. He
was a man of much intelligence; and
perceiving that these birds had engag-
ed my attention, seemed anxious to find
some new object to divert me. An
eagle flew over us. How fortunate! he
exclaimed, ‘this is what I could have
wished. Lwuok, sir, the great eagle, and
the only one that I have seen since I
left the lakes.’ I was instantly on my
feet, and having observed it attentively
concluded as I lost it in the distance,
that it was.a new species quite new to
me.”

A few years after this Audubon had
the pleasure of killing one of this sup-
posed new species, and preserved it.
Afterwards he made a drawing of whicb
it took him fourteen days to complete.
He gave it the name of The Bird of
Washington. As great a Naturalist,
and bird-lover as Audubon was he had
made a mistake. His new species was
nothing more than an immature Bald
Eagle. Such must certainly be the
case, or some other Naturalist would
have seen this new eagle, and noticed
it. Mr.Webber in his book, ‘‘Wild Scenes
and Song Birds’’ says in regard to the
certainly new species: ‘‘That Mi. Aud-
ubon has made a mistake in regard to
the fact, of this being a new species.”

Bald Eagles nest in Florida more

than anywhere else on this Continent.
There, along the Indian River region,
you can find the nest and be able to see
one or two more not very far distant.

I know where a pair of eagles nest in
this county (Bertie) every year, but
that is all I know about it. I have of-
ten wished that I could climb to it; but
it is useless to wish, since the nest is at
the .top—the very pinnacle—of a very
high dead pine. This pine is in a
swamp, on the left hand bank of the
Cashi River where it empties in the
Albemarle Sound, and if any reader of
the OoLoGisT wishes to know the exact
situation of an eagle’s nest, will take a
Geography and look at the place, he
will see the place where a pair of Eagles
build every year and raise their young
ones in safety, from the simple reason
that I am not able to obtain their eggs.

GOLDEN EAGLE (Aquila chrysaetus.)

This species is about as common in
California as the Bald Eagle is in Flor-
ida. They usually build in the moun-
tain cliffs, but often appropriate trees
for this purpose. In all cases their nest
is very hard to reach, as they build in
the highest trees that they can find, or
else upon inaccessible crags of the
mountains of which of either they can
find a plenty, because the country
round about California is noted for these
two things. The Golden Eagle is very
near the same size of the Bald Eagle,
but differ greatly in plumage. The for-
mer is of a rich golden brown, while
the latter is a vandyke brown with
white head and tail. In Asia Minor
this species is very common, nesting
among the Taurus Mountains in the al-
most inaccessible crags and clefts. It
is with great difficulty that the nests
can be reached. I have a set of two in
my collection that was collected there,
and the description of the nest on the
data reads thus: ‘Nest, was made of
sticks, sods, feathers, bones, etc., placed
in a cliff, reached by a man being low-
ered with ropes from above.” By the.

THE OOLOGIST.

99

above you see that it is as hard to get
to the nest after you find it, as it was to
find it. The Golden Eagle also is
known to breed in the mountainous dis-
tricts of New England and New York.

These are the birds that trouble the
sheep-raisers of the West. I have been
told that they swoop down upon and
earry off the young lambs so unexpect-
edly and easy that it is impossible to
keep a lookout for them and prevent
them from catching the unfortunate
lambs. But the eagles must. be fed, and
I suppose that this is as good as any
way. It is only a lamb gone, and the
eagles feast thereon.

In the cliffs and high trees where
they build, they lay generally two, but
sometimes three eggs. In color they
vary from almost pure white to thickly
spotted with brown, with shell mark-
ings of lavender and purplish.

GRAY SEA EAGLE (Haliwetus albicilla.

This eagle is admitted to the Check
List of North American Birds upon its
occurrence in the southern part of
Greenland. As its name implies, it is
truly a Sea Eagle hardly, if ever being
found far inland. They breed ,quite
commonly in South Greenland, and
abundantly along the coast of Great
Britain in the rocky cliffs that over-
hang the ocean. They, like other eag-
les, lay two and sometimes three eggs—
plain white in color.

Nesting of Black-capped Chickadee in Kala-
mazoo Co., Mich.
(Pains rtricrpitivs.)

The Black-capped Chickadee may be
found in these parts through the entire
year. Although I think it migrates
and those found here in winter breed
farther north.

Its bold habits make it to most people
a well known bird. The nest of the
Chickadee when once its habits and
general nesting sites are known, is very
easy to find. The nest according to my

observations is usually placed in a hole
made by the birds in a small stump
from four to eight inches in diameter,
and from one to three feet from the
ground, always in a swampy place or
near water. A nest found April 22d,
1889, in a small ash stump 18 inches
from the ground. The entrance to this
nest was one and one half inches in
diameter and the cavity five inches
deep, larger at the bottom than top and
filled about half way with moss, fur,
hair and fiberous bark. The eggs seven
in number were covered over, a habit
of the Chickadee bofore leaving the
nest.,

A nest found April 27th, 1889, ina
stub that leamed over a creek. The
birds had drilled in from the under side
and had a young bird fallen from the
nest, nothing would have prevented it
from going in the water. The entrance
was about three feet from the surface of
the water. This nest contained six
slightly incubated eggs.

A set of six slightly incubated eggs
was taken from a small poplar stump
May 6th, 1889. The stump was in a
swamp nearly covered with tall, rank
grass.

The bird was on the nest when found
and had to be removed in order to se-
cure the eggs. Another set taken May
9th, 1890, from a stub that ran oblique-
ly from the body of an alder bush, con-
tained eight nearly fresh eggs, a large
set.

The stub was about four inches in
diameter and two feet from the ground.
when I first found the nest I broke
open the hole and found but one egg.
I went to a marsh near, got some long
grass and with it tied the thin shell
back to its place. Ten days later I
went to the nest and found eight eggs
as above stated., This nest I have in
my cabinet. It is built of green
moss and bits of bark, lined with bits
of fur, hair and a few small feathers.

The eggs of the Chickadee do not dif-

100

THE OOLOGIST.

fer greatly and can be distinguished

from all others in this locality. Color,
white, marked sparingly over the en-
tire surface with reddish-brown spots,
chiefly at the larger end.

B. R. W.

Nesting of the Purple Finch.

This species also known as the ‘‘lin-
net” arrives in this locality about the
first of April, and but few remain with
us to breed.

I was fortunate enough last year to

have the pleasure of finding a nest of
Carpodacus purpureus, which now is in
my possession, with four of the-finest
specimens of the eggs I ever saw.
f While passing through an apple or-
chard on Juue 30th, 1890, my attention
was drawn to the opposite side by the
Canary-like song of the above species,
which I did not recognize at first.
After walking to the other side of the
orchard, there upon the top-most
branch of an apple tree sat the male so
absorbed in his song as to be oblivious
to all around him; glancing to the op-
posite side of the tree I saw a small
shallow nest built upon a branch about
eight feet from the ground.

The nest generally consists of a frame
work of vegetable fibres, grass stems
and strips of bark, and lined with min-
ute fibres closely woven together.

The eggs are oblong-oval, and vary
in size and configuration. They area
pale emerald green and spotted with a
dark brown.

The average size of the set taken by
me was somewhat larger than any I
ever saw. The average measurement
being .89 by .69 of an inch.

CHARLES A. ELy,
Monmouth Co., N. J.

The Red-eyed Vireo (V2'eo olivaceus.)
The Red-eyed Vireo is a quite com-
mon summer resident in this locality,
as it is in all the eastern part of this

country. It is one of the most joyful
and tireless of our feathered songsters.
One can hardly stir out of doors during
the spring and summer, without hear-
ing snatches of its melodious song. Its
song seems too large for its body, and
to swell and burst out without assist-
ance from its owner. It builds its nest
between the fork of a small limb gen-
erally near the tip. The nest is firmly
woven of fibers of bark and lined with
grasses or pine needles.

In some parts of the country the nest
is said to be placed almost invariably
in maples, but I have seen it here in
both beech and apple trees. It is us-
ually placed within arm’s reach, though
I once saw one twenty feet up a cedar
tree. The eggs are sometimes two,
sometimes four, but generally three
and rarely five. They have a pure
white ground rather thinly dotted with
reddish spots. Those in my possession
average .£80 x .56. The bird itself is a
slim, graceful, olive-brown creature
about three inches long. It has a way —
of jumping and darting from limb to
limb, in and out of sight and peering at
you when you are near its nest.

W. E. AIKEN,
Benson, Vt.

pi

A Living Egg-Blower.

and

ONLY A SUGGESTION.

If collectors have tried every possible
means of blowing badly incubated eggs,
such as eggs that are about to hatch,
drill the hole a little larger than usual,
and apply a leech.

The leech will suck the blood out of
the chick till it becomes so full that it
drops off, keep on applying other
leeches which in turn will suck their
share of blood, till nothing remains but
the skeleton and skin, the latter of
which oologists already have their
methods of removing. Remember this

is only a suggestion.
ROBINSON C. WATTERS,
Baltimore, Md.

THE OOLOGIST.

101

THE OOLOGIST

A MONTHLY MAGAZINE DEVOTED TO
ORNITHOLOGY and OOLOGY.

FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N.Y.
EDITOR AND PUBLISHER.

Correspondence and items of interest to the
student of Lirds. thelr Nests and Evys, solicited
trom all.

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.
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denomination will be accepted for sums under one
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and address all subscriptions and communica-
tions to FRANK H. LATTIN,

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*.* Articles, Items of Interest and Queries
Yor publication should be forwarded as early ip
_ the month as possible

a
ENTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, W. Y., AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER.
———_—————

We havea bushel (more or less) of
queries to answer and notes and items
to sift out, which should have appeared
in this OoLoeist. Pressure of other
business prevented. Will try and have
them in June issue sure.

During the past two years we have
mailed the OoLogistT between the 5th
and 10th of each month. Owing to a
large amount of extra work, we were
unable’to mail last month’s issue until
the 15th. In order to ‘‘catch up” and
to mail future issues on the first of the
month we make this issue a double
number and mail it on April 25th. We
think this change will prove highly sat-
isfactory to our friends as this issue
contains double the usual amount of
reading matter, and future issues will

—

be mailed not later than the first day of
the month of issue, and possibly on the
25th of the preceding month, in which
case, our patrons would receive their
Oo.oaistT by the first of the month.

All copy for June OOLOGIsT must be
received not later than May 20th.

=>

Bird Life of an Islet.

BY W.N.C.

Situated in Casco Bay. on the coast
of Maine, distant about three-quarters
of a mile from the nearest land is an
islet which though not large is of inter-
est to the Collector as being the home
of a number of birds. The writer has
visited this islet a number of times and
collected somewhat in the oological line
upon it, and now proposes to offer a
few notes upon the species occuring
there.

Although bird life teems I have seen
but four species, namely: The Sharp--
tailed Finch, Spotted Sandpiper, Arctic.
Tern and Bank Swallow. I have
named these in the order of their abun-
dance. .

First let us speak of the Sharp-tailed
Finch. They are abundant in every
sense of the word; the island fairly
swarms with them, but in spite of their
numbers they hide their nests so cun-
ningly that it takes considerable time
and patience to discover one; since the
writer is sadly deficient in the later
quality, all of his nests were discovered
accidentally. Ihave found three sets
of four and one of six, all placed in the
side of the bank that skirts the rocky
beach.

The little Spotted Sandpipers are
everywhere, and their obtrusive habits
make them appear upon one’s landing,
the most abundant species on the islet.
They are the earliest breeders, and on
June 24, 1889, I found many fragments
of egg shells of this species among the

+> +

a

102

THE OOLOGIST.

eT

rocks on the shore. How they got
there Iam unable to state. It would
seem a curious place for the species to
nest. The only set found on this occa-
sion, perfectly fresh, and probably a
second one, was placed in the long
grass of the afore-mentioned bank.
Arctic Terns are quite numerous, but
they are decreasing, their number be-
ing much smaller last summer than in
the two preceding ones, which is as far
as my observation extends. Their nest-
ing isas usual. About June 25th is the
time to look for full sets. The most
nests are found in the driftage which is
deposited in patches in the salt grass,
but some are found in other locations.
Here as elsewhere two or three is the

mmon number, but in this colony it

sometimes exceeded, for in my short
xperience with it, I have found two
ets of four and even one of five.
chese latter were undoubtedly all laid
by one bird since they agreed perfectly
‘navrather rare type of coloration. I
also found six eggs in one nest, but
these were easily divisible by markings,
into two distinct sets.

The fourth species observed on this
islet is the Bank Swallow. ‘There are
only a few pairs, nesting in the earth
banks with no variation from their hab-
its on shore. They breed earlier: than
any species except the Spotted Sand-
piper.

I have found the bird life of this little
islet very interesting, as representing
four typical species of our native birds
and I hope my account of it may prove
so to others.

Migration of the Canada Goose.
(Branta canadensis.)

A long time ago, I remember ‘the
flocks of Canada Geese that passed on
their semi-annual migration flights. I
remember the strange feelings I had
when I saw the large, rare birds. I

or from their breeding grounds which
were supposed to be so very far away
in the cold north that they had not,
been discovered. I had read that their
nesting grounds were unknown.

When I would see them passing over-
head, with strange and beautiful flight
I would have that pleasure which an
ornithologist has when he sees some
rare new bird. Some of the mystery
and wondering thought connected with
the “Wild Goose” has been cleared
away. Itis now known to breed not,
only in the northern part of the United
States, but even as far south as south-
ern Illinois, Ornithologists have found
its haunts and studied its nesting habits
to their pleasure. The migration of
any bird is an interesting study, but it
seems to me that the study of this
movement in the Canada Goose is of
superior interest. It passes here in its
fall migration on dark, cloudy and
often rainy days. I have wondered
why it chooses such days to fly, and
also why they always fly Southeast,
instead of South in the autumn, when
they pass over this locality. It is an in-
variable fact that they choose such days
and fly in the directions I have just
mentioned. I can only account for it in
this way, In the fall, so I have read,
great flocks of these birds gather for
food and rest, after the work of the
breeding season, on the great plains of
the West and Northwest. The long
dreary fall rains come from those direc-
tions, and bring the flocks of Geese.
with them.

About the time of their migration
thev are probably warned by an ap-
proaching storm—It is said that birds
can foretell changes of weather,—and.
commence their journey, often “to be
overtaken by it before they have reach-
ed their southern destinaton. Now
these storms from the northwest may
be the cause of the direction they pursue

or it may be they prefer the pleasant

THE OOLOGIST.

103

part of the Gulf of Mexico to any other.

In the spring they fly in a northwest-
erly direction, but I can not account
for this by the directions of the storms.
March 26, 1891, I saw a large flock, per-
haps 75 in number, flying nearly direct-
ly west. Can anyone account for this
direction? I can but guess. They may
go to breed in the northwest, or they
may gather in large flocks, on the plains
and then pass on north.

How many interesting and often per-
plexing questions are raised by the
study of migration! Butit is pleasant
nevertheless. Last spring on a ‘beauti-
ful bright day I studied the Warblers,
near a little stream where tinted Hepa-
ticas were almost as thick as the peb-
bles at the bottom of the water. I was
happy in the woods that day. But all
days are not pleasant out of doors.
When ‘‘the days are dark and dreary”
I feel as much pleasure, almost in see-
ing flocks of the great Canada Geese
flying high:overhead, as I do when I
find some rare beautiful Warbler in the
blossoming April woods.

EARLE A. BROOKS,
French Creek, W. Virginia.

as

Association of Americam Ornithologists.

A number of the ornithologists, of
Washington, D. C., and vicinity, met
with a view to organization, on April
11th last. The meeting was held at F.
S. Webster’s studio of taxidermy, on
Penn. Ave., and a partial organization
effected.

The following officers were elected:

Pres., Rev. J. H. Langille, Kensing-
ton, Md.; Vice Pres., W. H. Aspinwall,
1305 Riggs St., Washington, D. C.;
Treas., to be filled; Sec.,A. B.Farnham,
Bennings, D. C.; Board of Correspond-
ing Secretaries, Chairman, W. A. Mer-
ritte, 118 Md. Ave., N. E. Washington,
D. C., other Sec’s to be supplied.

The above name was determined on

weeks, when an association organ will
be determined on, and other matters
perfected, The main object of the
association is the effective study of bird
life by ways and means adapted to
those who are not professional natur-—
alists.

Corresponding members are desired
everywhere, especially those isolated
regarding ornithological tastes. Such
persons gather much that is new to
many students of bird life, and as the
associations headquarters are in Wash-
ington it hopes to offer advantages to
such members-at-large, in the way of
identification, comparison and the ac-
counts of eminent naturalists. The
association haying access to the collec-
tions and library of the Smithsonian
Institution it will be easy for it to fur-
nish its members any such information.
Persons wishing to ascertain more re-
garding the association and member-
ship in the same will please write the
Cor. Secretary or any of the officers.

A. B. FARNHAM,
Cor. Sec.

>< <><

Notes on Wright's Flycatcher.
(Empidonax obscurus)

The eggs of this species being consid-
ered quite rare, I thought a few notes
on the nesting habits would be accept-
able. Ihave found this Flycatcher in
young aspens, willows, etc., and usual-
ly near water, during the breeding sea-
son, but never have I gained any know-
ledge as to the nesting habits, until the
season of 1890, when I collected a fine
set of three fresh eggs. The nest was a
very neat structure,. eomposed mostly
of soft grass, but with a few fine strips
of bark and a small piece of twine,
tightly woven together with a lining of
horse hairs. It was placed in some
buck-brush, only three feet from the
ground and but two feet from a creek.
The eggs were a_pale_bufly

104

THE C OLOGIST.

re eee

white with a delicate bluish tinge, yet
when held to the light, the buffy ap-
pearance is still visible but is very
faint.

The parent birds were at least from
from five to ten feet away all the time
I was near the nest, but didn’t seem to
be excited in the least when I took the
eggs,although they seemed to be watch-
ing me all the time. Occasionally one
would repeat that familiar note which
sounds something like whit.

Returning to the same locality later
in the season I found they had nested
again, this time with success. They
had raised four young, which were in
good plumage for the time being. I
secured one to assure identity to the set
of three I had previously taken. On
the same day (June 25) that I colleeted
the eggs, I found an old nest, which
was in all appearances, the same as the
one taken, and it was only about thirty
feet from it. Probably the same pair
builds in that locality from year to
year. During the coming season I
shall visit the same place with hopes of
finding another set of this species.

CLYDE L. KELLER,
Salem, Oregon.

~<

A Suggestion.

“THEYRE ENGLISH You Know.”

She alarming increase in the Import-
ed Sparrow family, in the United States
is rapidly driving all our Robins, Blue-
birds, Purple Martins and other ‘town
birds” back to their old haunts in the
forest.

It is a great question among the Bird
lovers of the present time as to what
are the best means for the extermina-
tion of these pests. Now why is not
this a good way to ‘‘thin em out?” The
egg season of 1891 will soon be here

nd the sparrows will be making their
nests and laying eggs. Now would it
not be a good plan to “locate” a large

Then invite all your

number of nests. and after the full com-
plement of eggs has been laid and the
birds began incubating, to “make the
rounds” and gather up all the eggs?
ornithological
friends to a ‘‘Grand Egg Breaking Mat-
inee,” have ice cream and cake and
enjoy yourself generally over the mur-
der of the innocents.
A. nM Se
Poynette, Wis.

A Correction.

In March OoLoeisr in my article of
‘‘Winter Birds of Linn Co. Oregon,”
“No. 762 Mountain Robin” should be
No. 768 Mountain Robin or. Varied
Thrush Hesperocichla nevia.

Very truly yours,
Dr, APG Erinn.

A Bad Cold Neglected
Often means a Pneumonia, Bronchitis,
or Consumption. HUMPHREYS’ SPECI-
Fic No SEVEN is always safe, efficient
and reliable. Sold eveywhere.

$700 HORSE AND CARRIAGE
GIVEN AWAY.

A CHANCE FOR YOU.

“THE HOUSEHOLD, ” the oldest and
hest Household pudlication in the
country, is the first on record to offer
a fine family horse and an elegaut
Goddard buggy, valued at $700, as a
Premium to the subscriber who shall
obtain the largest number of new sub-
scribers to ‘“THE HOUSEHOLD” between
March first and August first.

The March, or Easter edition, of
‘‘THE HOUSEHOLD, ’’ contains cuts and
full particulars of this great offer.
Copies of this number can be obtained
at the news stands, or will be sent on
receipt of ten cents by The Household
Company, 50 Broomfield St. , Boston.

This offer affords opportunity for any
collector o secure a horse and carriage.

THE OOLOGIST.

105

ACIFIC SEA MOSS.—Some very fine speci-
JO men: from So. Cal., moss mounted on card-
board. Price 25c. WM. BERMAN, Los Ange-
les, Cal.

Dito) COPS:

An illustrated price-list of Electrotypes of
Birds sent free. Just the thing to use on your
letter heads, circulars. etc. Engraving to or-
der. H. A. CARHART, Syracuse, N. Y.

2 WANTES

FOR PUBLIC MUSEUM: CHINESE FID-

DLES, ETC., TO EXCHANGE. SEEB ACH,
PERU, ILL.

WV

\ A pamphlet of information and ab- /ff

stract of the laws, anewing: How tol]
Obtain Patents, Caveats, Trade
Marks, Copyrights, sent free. y)
Address MUNN & CO. .
361 Broadway,

In brilliant colors and of rare beauty, from India,
Australia, Africa and South America for cash or
half cash and half in rare eggs or fine bird skins.
Also fine cocoons from other countries. Send 5c
for catalogue. State what you want distinctly.
Absolutely no attention paid to postal cards. Col-
lections made up in cabinets for museums and
colleges, containing all the classes of insects
from every clime. We have the largest stock of
Lepidoptera in New England and charge the low-
est prices in the United States.

PROF.CARL BRAUN,

NATURALIST,
BANGOR, MAINE.

‘The Book Trust Knocked Out.

A CARD TO THE PUBLIC.

Some six months ago we began the
publication of our reprint of the famous.
Encyclopeedia Britannica in 25 Vol-
umes, which We issued at $1.50 per vol-
ume. The price of the English edition.
always has been and still is $8.00 per
volume, and the Scribner edition $5.00
per volume in the cheapest binding.

That the public appreciate so great a
bargain is shown by the fact that over
halfa million volumes of this reprint,
have been sold in less than six months.

This elegant new edition we still
offer at the same price, $1.50 per vol-
ume. This is the greatest bargain ever
known in books.

Better still, we will deliver the set.
complete_on small easy payments, to
suit the convenience of customers.

Remember this is not an abridge-
ment, but the great Edinburgh ninth,
edition, reproduced page for page, with
important articles on American sub-
jects rewritten to date by eminent.
American authors, and new maps, later
and better than in any other edition.

SPECIAL OFFER.—We claim that our
reprint compares favorably with the
high priced editions in every respect,
and in respect to maps, and strength
and beauty of bindings is superior to
them. In order that this claim may be
tested by personal inspection we make
the following proposition: We will
furnish Volume [. at 60 cts.—a fraction
of actual cost—if sent by express. Add
40 cts postage if wanted by mail.
Amount paid for Volume I. will be
credited on price of set when ordered.

R.S. PEALE & CO.,

315-321 Wabash Ave., Chicago.
~GHuMPHREYS’
| HOMEOPATHIC

sea | SPECIFIC Noo

In use 30 years. The only successful remedy for

ervous Debility, Vital Weakness,

and Prostration, from” over-work or other causes.
$1 per vial, or 5 vials and large vial powder, for $5.
SOLD BY DRUGGISTS, or sent postpaid on receipt

of price.—HUMPHREYS’ MEDICINE CO.,
Cor. William and John Sts., N. ¥.

a
Sy

OLLECTORS, use “Star Embalming Com-

pound,’ which is the best and cheapest
made. Price 25 and 50c. WM. BERMAN, Los.
Angeles, Cal.

Navies Nests and Hees

NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS,

Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with an
Introduction by J. Parker Norris, and Full
Page Illustrations of Nests, etc. by
Theodore Jasper, A. M., M.D
and W. Otto Emerson,

°0

This work is descriptive of the Nests and Eggs
of the Land and Water Birds of North America,
which includes all the species known to exist—
those that occur or are indigenous north of the
Southern United States boundary, including
Greenland and the peninsula of Lower California.

The breeding range of each species is given,
the time of nesting, the exact number of eggs
laid, their color and size together with the chief
characteristics of the birds.

The arrangement of the work is according to
the new nomenclature of the A. O. U. Code and
Check List, and the old numbers (Ridgeway’s),
as used in former editions, are placed to the
right of each species. Throughout the text all
the common names ofthe birds are to be found,
and a COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX of these is

ven. ;
ae invaluable book as an aid for the identifi-
cation of specimens to all those collecting in the
field.

The work consists of 475 pages and 13 full page
Ulustrations.

Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth, $1.75.

* FRANK H. LATTIN,
Sole Wholesale Agent,
Orleans Co. Albion, N. Y.
SPECIAL.

We have just received from. the
bindery 50 copies of ‘‘Davie’s”
bound in flexIble cloth covers. As
long as they last w2 will send them
to our patrons for $1.40 per copy.

prizes $1000 and $200.

JAMES VICK SEEDSMAN, Rochester, N. Y.

YOUR NAME
on this Pen & Pencil Stamp on]
LENO 4

FANS

y 20C

————
&\ We will send you one by
B mail on receipt of price.
uN Agents Wanted.

AIR. W. FORD, Bristol, Conn.

=

eee eee ee eee —
1 ar

Improved Pocket
or Snip Snap,

ean

‘The new improved Pocket Gun requires no
powder, no caps, is neatly finished. durable and
can be carried in the pocket, as it weigns only

three Ounces. Will shoot shot or bullets with
accuracy and force and with a little practice will
kill birds on the wing or bring them down from
the highest tree.

It is just the thing for taxidermists, as it will
kill ERO spoiling the game and makes no
report.

Sample prepaid 15 cts., 4 for 50 cts.

Iron frame, _ straps of best kind of
rubber. Send for sample at once and practice on
the Sparrows. Address,

FRANK H. LATTIN, - ALBION, N.Y.

The Old

QOLOGISTS HANDBOOK,

CONTAINS
86 Pages of Valuable Information.

It gives our regular price list of odlogical specimens
and supplies (thz most complete ever sent out by any
dealer), It gives the common and scientific names of
all North Ame-cican birds, arranged and numbered
according to Ridgeway’s (the Smithsonian) nomencla-~
ture of 1881; it gives the numbers used in Baird’s
check-list of 1859 and those used in Coue’s of 1883;
it gives the value of the eggs of over 500 species of
North American birds, this fact alone making thé
catalogue invaluable to collectors asa basis of ex-
change. It names the various families into which the
birds of North America are divided, and enumerate
the birds belonging to each family. It gives, approx-
mately, the number of eggs in a clutch of every
American bird. It tells how to prepare specimens for
cabinet, how to pack them fcr transportation, with
many other useful hints.

PRICE POST PAID 10 CENTS.

** This Handbook was published in 1885,
putitis now more than ,worth the nominal
price asked for it.

Ni A / LA 7 Cy ae x ue

THE OOLOGISTS’ HAND-BOOK

ale pee, slSpSab

IT WILL CONTAIN OVER 150 PAGES OF VAL-
UABLE INFORMATION.

It is with great pleasure that I am able to announce that the Mss.
for a new Oologists’ Hand-Book is nearly ready for the printer and,
that under ordinary circumstances it will be ready for delivery
early in June. The new Hand-Book, for the money, we think will be
one of the most valuable works for one interested in birds, ever pub-
lished. Our old ’85 edition was issued as our catalogue—Our new 91
edition will not be a catalogue at all, but simply and purely a Collec-
tors’ Hand-Book in the fullest sense of the word, and will contain, at
least 150 pages, each teeming with valuable information. It will also
contain two or three full page plates and many illustrations. The size
of the pages will be about 6 x 4 inches, making a volume that can be
conveniently carried in the pocket. 'T'wo editions will be issued, one
in paper covers at 50c per copy, and the other in flexible leather
at Tdc.

WHAT IT WILL CONTAIN.

It will give the common and scientific name of every North Amer-
ican bird known at the date of going to press. These names will be
numbered, arranged and given according to the A. O. U. nomenclature,
they will also be divided and sub-divided into the orders and families
which they belong. It will give the numbers of each species as used
in Ridgway’s nomenclature of 1881 and those used by Coues’ in 1883.
It will give the value of the eggs of over 6U0 species and sub-species of
North American birds, as fixed by som» of the most competant Ameri-
can Oologists, at date of going to press, this fact alone making it wvai-
uable to collectors, as a basis on which to make exchanges. It will
give the breeding range of each species. It will give a considerable
information about the nest of each species. It will give the shape,
color, markings and size of the eggs of each species and will also state
the number usually found in a set. It will also mention some of the
more common local names by which each species is known in different
localities. It will also give a considerable information on the collecting
and preparing of specimens for the cabinet and will have something to
say about making cabinets, making exchanges, packing, etc., etc. It
will also tell how to make a good bird skin, and many other useful
hints and items, most of which will be well illustrated.

PRICE:—In paper covers, 50c; flexible leather, gilt title, 75c.

108 THE OOLOGIST.

Mr. FRANK H. LATTIN, :
Publisher the OOLOGISTS’ HAND-BOOK, Albion, N. Y.

Sins = erewith please finda. . 2.22. fea ane for which send me by
MOA, POSE POLE . ccc os copies of the OOLOGISTS’ HAND-BOOK
HOPMBOl Downd 00s ...c0:s2 sees 2S el a Ee ee
NCIC A ae es Coes Se vats eee

BOSHIOPICC CE a ot EN Aaa bones ere
(SUGHOL SO Ge. 220 Wao don 1 Jaspers cates ace
Bow; Streeior Cos Vk se. eee

SPECIAL OFFER 10 ADVANCE SUBSCRIBERS

Until June Ist advance subscriptions, accompanied by the cash,
will be accepted as follows:
Paper covers, 40c; 3 copies, $1.00.
Leather “ 60c; 3 copies, $1.50.
Advance subscribers will receive their books by the first mail,
after we obtain them from the bindery. All orders will be filled in
rotation received.

NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS,

Contains a concise account of every species of living and fossil Bird at present
known on the Continent north of the boundary line between Mexico and the United
States, including Greenland.

The Fourth Edition, exhibiting the New Nomenclature of the American Ornitholo—
gists’ Union, and including descriptions of additional species, changes,
etc., up to May 1, 1800.
WITH WHICH ARE INCORPORATED
SENERAL ORNITHOLOGY.—An outline of the structure and classification of
of Birds; and

FIELD ORNITHOLOGY.—A manual of collecting, preparing and preserving
Birds.

By ELLIOTT COUES, M. A., M. D., Ph. D., Member of the National
Academy of Science, &c.

PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED.

The three former editions of this Standard Text Book of Ornithology being entirely out of print,
and still very much in demand, the publishers have spared neither pains nor expense in the prepar-
ation of ‘THE NEW KEY,” in which the whole subject is carefully trought duwn to date. ‘Coues”
Key” is too well known as a leading and authoritive treatise to require rcmark. The work contains.
over 900 pages and is fully indexed with several thousand entries.

ROYAL OCTAVO, VELLUM $7.50. SAMPLE PAGES FOR STAMP.
FRANK H. LATTIN, : 2 ALBION, N. Y.

CoM eg. Nu

TRE ooLoGisT.

~ EW DIRECTORY FOR

-ORNITHOLOGISTS
AND OOLOGISTS

| Realizing the fact that a new and strictly re-

liable directory is greatly needed by the collec-
tors of this country as a medium for exchanges
and correspondence, we have decided to com-
pile one which will meet the demands of the
public. This directory will contain the names
and addresses of the principle Ornithologists
-Oologists and Taxidermists of North America
and Great Britain, the cards of the principal
dealers of these countries; exchange and want
notices, natural history press directory etc.

DESCRIPTION.

52 or more pages, printed in suitable type, on
good book paper, bound substantialy, in heavy
tinted covers. THE PRICE of this dir ectory

_ Will be 25c after publication, but to those send-

ing in their names immediately and signifying
their wish for a copy, on publication the price
will be 15c.

TO ADVERTISERS.

Through correspondence with many prom-
inent collectors throughout the country will find
the general opinion is thata good directory is
badly needed. We willmake this directory a
good one. Greatcare will be taken to make
the compilation strictly correct. And as for
the typographical appearance, we are sure you
will be pleased with it. We solicit your adver-
tisements for this work. Nothing objection-
able will be inserted and only reliable dealers
need apply for space. PLEASE SEND FoR
PROSPECTUS whica will explain our plan of
securing dealers and ,others making remittan-
ces and gives full explanations.

EXCHANGE AND WANT NOTICES.

We will insert a limited number of exchange
and, want notices at the following rates:

$ .25fora 2 line notice

AOE SS
6d ot 10 oe ee
TH ee 12 oe “ce
UO Me a ca

Average 10 words to line. Addressfree. Wo

Stamps taken.
» Send for prospectus etc. mailed free. ©

W.A. Crooks, : %, Co,

GILLMAN,

A JOB LOT.

We have just purchased of the
manufacturers at less than actual
cost of plating, a lot of gold and sil-

=ver plated charm rules, size and
eo —=sraduations are as illustrated. We
tm —=jhave less than 75 all told and until
—=June ist (unless sold before) we
— Will mail them prepaid at the fol-
J lowi ing low rates:

ILLS,

Silver Plated 15¢ regular price 50e
Gold 20e ide

FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y°

AN U' NPAKALLELED O IEE

B EY rr 0 a i an CP a ye a

dl “MSTANTANEOUS ll

HOTOGRAPHY

i

; ~KOCHEMICALS REQUIRED
5 DIRECTIONS.

£UCOK INTENTLY INTO THE CAMERA =
: = FCRTEN SECONDS. THEN QUICKLY 3 :
EWITHORAW THE SHUTTERAND 4

; LIKENESS WILL APPEAR.

5 ro a

Any person sending
us 15¢ before March 15,
1891, we will, in order to
introduce our goods,
send prepaid the follow-
ing articles, viz:

Mexican Resurrection
Plant, Instantaneous
Photograph Camera
(will be sold separately
for 10c,)2 Japanese Nap-
kins, 1 Japanese Envel-
ope, 1 Leaf trom Japan-

ese Book, 1 pkg. Scrap
Pictures, 10 varieties of
Foreign Stamps, Cou-
pon good for 25¢ on an
order of $1.00 or over.
The entire package
Will be sent you by re-
turn mail, prepaid for
only 15e. address,

my

ie tn little |

eon |

GU RIOL NOWR EDDY Go.
Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Y.

WM. G. SMITH,

—COLLECTOR OF—

Birds, Mammals and Eéés,
LOVELAND, COLORADO.

I make a specialty of mailing birds same day
as skinned, or sent in the flesh after subjecting
them toa preservative preparation. Enclose
stamp for Price List.

NOTICE:

If you want anything in the RUBBERSTAMP
LINE, write to “FORD,” for prices. He will
furnish you a four-line stamp with pads and
ink for only 33c, post-paid. Address,

R. W. PORD,

BRISPOE, ai mn

| Ages Japanese & Indian Silk Worm

Eggs for Seed, in Silk Culture.

ee eT Ta ant TL
4

CONN.

Different species, also the celebrated Madras
Silk Cocoons, warranted to be raised success-
fully in this country. Directions given how us
raise them profitably. Prices Low.

PER © , CARI BRAUN,
NATURALIST,

BANGOR, = = = MAINE.

400 yarteries or stamps $4.00

Duplicates can be returned.

AN UNUSUAL OFFER

ii EGR BA NY;

827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL.
Catalogue for stamp.

fac “pertect arrowpo ints “for two
ch king-crabs, or six for two smailones.
WV ffer for fifteen inch ones. Bee RSE

OMS Stamford, Conn.

TTENTION !—Waated collectors to send 2
cent) stamps for samples and prices of our

new wooden eae: LOUCKS & KINNEY, 114 N ork. American

Buis St., isi i, Peoria, Ti.

POSTS. BS 10 Species. #5c: 20 for Thc: 25 for M1.50:
, 50 for $3.00: 75 for $8.00, Il. List.

A . {FRANK KINNE, Knoxville, lowa. > ee S
i eS i noxvi e. fo e ee EG | ;
Dealers and Collectors | >ssuegnermon. cou apse gatmens

Q

Desirous of obtaining fine rare sets of Pacific wee ene ees uo oe Oe ny
- Coast birds’ eggs this season, will do well to the Glove
send me list of wants and prices paid.
\ ; 4 ; A
N.R. CHRISTIE, ARE CFFERED IN THIS “curator
yee ‘ ‘ ZEaPIORNIS MAXIMUS (erst) iro
Rye Patch 4 - Nev. cieag: one of these eges is ‘hirieen inches long ‘

will hold 2 gallons of water and is equal to iy
hens’ eggs. Price $3.00. with mounting § ae
Price of catalogue, 10c. :

OUR SPECIALTY
Low Prices and Good Wook

We do all Job Printing in the latest and
| best styles, at bottom prices,
| Printed to order with neatness and dispatch.

ROCHESTER, N ee ;

Ue ies wishing to invest 500.00 may
a splendid stock of Birds’? Eggs, wo
$1500.00. This is a good chance for a y. me
starting as a dealer in Oological Supplies and
may not occur again. AppLy at once, |

pera 5 t., Torouto, Bad
Data Blanks, Naturalists’ Labels, Cards, BURRY See tee :

Note Heads, Envelopes, Tags, BALERS AND COLLECTORS desi

Price Lists &c. Obtaining correctly identified first-class

and original Sets of Western eves

Send us a copy or write us what you want, | Will do well to send me list of ie
and get our prices ‘before giving orders else- | paid, satisfaction guaranteed. Ny

where. We will save youmoney. Address, Rye Patch, Ney. ray

W.A. OROOKS &Go. GEND stamp for price-list of ‘Binds’ 5
Baia

rock-bottom prices, to W.
GILMAN. ILL. Forest, Il.

Monthly.

ss Exchanges and Wants.
wt Brief special anncuncements, ‘‘Wants,” ‘‘Eix-
_ changes” inserted in this department for 25c
25 words. Notices over 2 words, charged
at the rate of one-half cent per word. No
notice imserted for tess than 25c. Notices
which are merely indirect methods cf soliciting
Cash purchasers cannot be aamitted to these
| eolumns under any circumstances. Terms,
cash with order.

. 4 HAVE you read Lattin’s “Exchange Extra-
: ordimary” in this OOLOGIST?

% TO EXCHANGE. — Manton’s “Taxidermy
without a Teacher.”’bound in cloth.in first-class
condition; for best offer in Entomoilogists’ sup-
plies. DAVID A. YOUNG, Washington
Heights, Ili.

a ‘EXCHANGE!—Will exchange New Jersey

_ eggs for same, Lattin’s value as per 1891 Cata-
‘logue for yours. 3314 off for mine. W. WIL-
KINS, Rahway, N. J.

_ TO EXCHANGE.—Telegraph outfit complete

key, sounder, battery and wires; for machinists’
. books or nickel plating outfit. WALDEN T.

ROWELL, Beaver Dam, Wisconsin.

_ TOEXCHANGE.—A 22 cal. rifle globe and
is eleyating sights; for Telescope. 4 or more slides

__-«g00d condition. All correspondence answered.
PERRY MARKS. Newton, N. J.

WANTED.—The correspondence of everyone
_ who is interested in the collecting of Birds’
_ Eggs. Write, you will never regret it. OS-
WOLD B. COOPER, Coffeyville, Kansas.

sf -WANTED.—The Boston ‘-Ornithologist and
_ _ Oologist,” previous to the year 1885, also any
_ other magazines or works relating to Ornithol-
i ogy for which I will give good exchange in eggs.
‘ BP. L. FARLEY, St. Thomas, Ont.

‘TO EXCHANGE.—Job Printing for Coues’
Key, Natural History Specimens and Curio.
Datas and Labels any way you want them.
Here is your chance, write and make offer.
_ ELBERT L. POTTER, La Motte, fowa.

__3 VOLS. Harper’s Young People. Old Coins,

Stamps, Confederate Money. International

Album. Send for list and condition.

_. Send your lists. F. L. ENGLEBERT, Des
_ Moines, Iowa.

~- _ WANTED.—To purchase a good collection of
_ first-class Birds’ Eggs, in Sets with data. Also
€ggs singly and in sets. Address with lists and
_ price wanted. JAS. McEVOY-Jr., Graham’s
_ Warehouse, Park Ave. and Dolphin St., Balti-
_ more, Md.
/ 9 Aly A; z

7
’

|
|

VOL. VIII. ALBION, N. Y., JUNE, 1891. No. 6

weg RAH 27GIRLS ‘ f d

Mes OPS os bss $

CIPSRaBaRE
50c. per Year. — <3)

HAVE you read Lattin’s “Exchange Hxtra-
ordinary” in this O@LOGIST?

TO EXCHANGE.—Large quantity display
and body type for bicycle or field glass. Guri-
osities in bulk for Bird Skins. GHO. GUELF,
Taxidermist, Brockport, N. Y.

TO EXCHANGE.—Hopkins and Allen, 22 cal.
double action revolvers for best offer of eggs,
amounting to $4.00 or over. C. G. SARGENT,
Winnebago City, Minn.

WANTED.— Good exehange in first-class
eggs (sets preferred) for Stamps. over 2200 var-
ieties, Eggs and Vols. of Golden Days. Corres-

4 pondence desired. W. C. JONES, Box 239

Bradford, Mass.

FOR EVERY $1.00 worth of first-class sets, I

! will give a valuable receipt for Arsenical Soap,

used at the Jardin des Plantes, Paris. A live

tai

me Hawk for best offer sets. W. LOUCKS,

1 Box 478, Peoria, Tl.

TO EXCHANGE. — Beautiful Cigarette Al-
bums, Cards. ete.; for Indian Relics, Fossils.
Curios, Confederate Stamps, Coins, ete. HWIN

— a a ge

L.

DAVIS, Box 158, Tullahoma, Tenn.

I WISH to exchange first-class carefully iden-
tified sets, forthe same not in my collection.
Reliable collectors send lists and receive mine.
HERBERT W. McBRIDE, Elkhart, Ind.

I HAVE two bald Eagles’ eggs, one end
blown, other with large irregular hole in end.

to

exchange for Rifle or Revolver. A. C. JOST,

Wolfville, Nova Scotia. —

FOR EXCHANGE. — 900 different kinds of
United States and Foreign postage stamps. im
album, value $16; to exchange for best offer.
BURT RAYMOND, Addison, N. Y.

WANTED.—Natural History specimens of
nearly all branches, in large or small quanti-
ties. Will exchange-specimens or supplies, or
pay cash. Send list with lowest prices. Ihave

C.

some paper-cover *‘Dayvie’s Keys” to exchange.
mse Je3

EF. CARR, Madison, Wis. -

DAVIE’S “NESTS AND EGGS OF NORTH
AMERICAN BIRDS.’’—In reply to dozens of
queries we take pleasure in announcing that
during the month of June we will exchange
Davie’s invaluable work for any of the Eggs
wanted in our Exchange Extraordinary at the
following liberal rates:

Fl

Paper cover edition $1.00 in Eggs and ae cash

exible cloth ie ‘ Cc

Extra be 6 ce 6s ee 90c ee
We make this offer for June only and will

ne

ver renew it. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion,

News

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued.

EERIE SS Ee

HAVE you read Lattin’s ‘““Exchange Extra-
ordinrry”’ in this OOLOGIST? ;
4-

Neclaamenats nuhuNrionbens Disc: Ona Oe ee

IT HAVE a Columbia Volunteer Bicycle,
inch. in very good condition and a 22 cal. ‘Win-
chester single-shot rifie in perfect condition.
Will sell Bicycle for $50. and Rifle for $9. HAR-
ALSON PACE, Covington, Georgia.

TO EXCHANGE.—I have a few more sets
and singles of Franklin’s Gull which I will
_ trade for other good species, also the following
“pig cents” for good offer in first-class sets:
1802, °47, °51, 53 (2,) °54 (2,) °47, °55, 756 (2,) 63, “ol.
Send lists. FRANK ;HARRIS, La Crescent,
Minn.

WANTED.—Minerals, Fossils, Indian Relics
and Curiosities, for same, exchange fine Fossils
also Pet. Moss fromiowa. J. M. KILVING-
TON, Mason City, Cerro Gordo Co., lowa.

WANTED.—U. S. and Foreign Stamps, have
for exchange Stamps, Coins, Indian Relics,
War Relics, Fossils, Minerals, Rocks, fresh and
salt water Shells, Butterflies and Moths, In-
sects, Corals, Curios. Eggs and Woods, all fine
specimens. GEO. B. BENNETT, Cor. Beech
and Lafayette Sts., Terre Haute, Ind.

TO EXCHANGE.—Guns, Revolvers, Mounted
and Unmounted Specimens, Musical Instru-
ments and fancy Horn Work; for Eggs, Skins,
Mounted Specimens, or personal property. All
correspondence answered. CAPT. TESCH,
Lexington, Neb.

THE FAST MAIL will bring you California
Eggs, Skins. Minerals, Curiosities, Job Print-
ing, etc., in exchange for your Natural History
specimens, Tools, Supplies, Useful Articles,
Office Materials, Apparatus (scientific) Natural
History books. Send lists, U. L. HERTZ &
Co., Napa City, Cala.

TO EXCHANGE.—45 cal. loaded catridges,
second-class Eggs, gnd a Magic Lantern: for
first-class Eggs. JAMES EGBERT, Fort D. A.
Russell, Wyoming.

WANTED.—Bird’s Eggs in sets or single; for
Magic Lantern, Press, Rifle, Books, Papers,
Revolver and Eggs. All answered. FRANK
L. BURRILL, Lisbon Centre, Me.

NOTICE !—I have a Printing Press complete
to sell for $5. Almost new. 4 or 5 alphabets
Old English type, prints 214 x 34 inches. Nice
prass cut, 1 x 2 inches. UEON J. COLE, 27
Lake St., Grand Rapids, Mich.

FOR EXCHANGE.—Full sets, nests and
datas, including, 300, 494, 423, A. O. U.; for Rem-
ington Rifle or acromatic Telescope. Write
Quick! E.O. GROVER, Hanover, N. H.

BIRDS’ EGGS.—To exchange for same, also
for well-prepared specimens of Beetles and
Sea Crabs. Send lists’ I have nice assortment
ofeggs. F. E. FORD, Middlefield, O.

TO EXCHANGEH.—First-class original sets of
666a14. with complete datas. Name a
pasis of excharge. CHAS. A. DAVIS, 109, E.
3rd St. Duluth, Minn. j

FOUR Photographs, all different, cabinet
size of the most curious archeological relics
yet discovered, for one dollar’s worth of good
crystals, corals or arrow points.. C. M. SLAY-
TON, Grattan, Kent Co., Mich.

“THE OOLOGIST.

z \ is

¥

Exchange Extra

HAVE you read Lattin’s *
ordinary” in this OOLOGIST?

TO EXCHANGE. — First-class Eggs in sets
with data of Ridgway’s Nos. 1. 2, 128, 151, 161,
181, 197, 244, 257, 271, 300a. 320, 360, 361, 387, 388.
516, 557 and others. Also large list of singles:
for first-class sets or offers. ELMER J. GIL-
LETT, Barre Centre, N. Y. 3

FOR EVERY $2.50 worth of Stamps, Eggs.
or Curios, sent me, I will mail the
formula for making the Embalming Prepara-
tion used at the Smithsonian Institute at
Washington, D. C.to mount Birds and Mam-—
mals without skinning. GEO. B. BENNETT.
cor. Beech and Lafayette. Terre Haute, Ind.

A4x 5 CAMERA taking either vertical or
horizontal photograhps, a 3 fold sliding leg, tri-
pod, two double plate holders ‘all of solid pol-
ished mahogany, first-class landscape lens with —
instantaneous shutter, 3 elaborate trays, 3
printing frames and a full outfit of chemical
plates, etc. To exchange for Eggs or Skins. -
Specimen photo sent. No attention paid to-~
those not sending lists, or to cards. HARRY
B. SARGEN', No. 399, Lexington Ave., New
York, N. Y.

WANTED A CAMERA.—I have a collection
of Eggs, nearly 100 varieties. many rare, a kit
ot Taxidermist’s and Oologist’s Instruments, a
small Microscope, first five volumes THE OOLO-
GIST, bound and unbound. books on Taxidermy
etc. and afew other articles. to exchange for
Photo outfit complete. CHAS. J. THOMSON,
446 North 20th St. Philadelphia, Penn.

TO EXCHANGE.—5 second class eggs for
first class singles listed over 10c. “Spare hours
made profitable”’ a nice book for offers. DICK

1 WAUGH, Plattsmouth, Neb.

RARE SETS AND SINGLES. — Including
Little Flycatchers, Hummers, etc., to exchange
for Rifles, Revolvers, Stamps. Relics, etc.
Large collections for Safety Bicycle. C. TUR-
TON, Los Angeles, Calif. atts

WANTED AT ONCE. — First-class; original
sets of the following A. O. U. Nos.: 10. 41. 50.
58, 69. 86, 105. 120. 120b 128a, 128. 135, 159, 164. 172.
179, 180, 183, 186, 187, 198, 196, 188, 204, 205. 206, 224

297’ 298) 241, 242" 249) 258, 272! 277. 278. 281. 286, 292.
203, 297, 298, 301, 302, 310, 320. 321. 334. 387A.

340,
341, 342. 348. 349. 355. 356 355 362 375a, 381, 394a, 399.
402a, 414, 419, 420a. 420c. 428, 433, 434. 445, 455, 459,
466a, 468, 469. 469, 469. 474a, 474e, 475, 478a, 478b,
479, 483, 484, 485, 486a, 487, 494a. 404, 505, Silas
517a, 518, 521, 528, 5380a, 531, 534, 538. 540a. 540b.
A42b, 546, 546a, 549, 550. 556. 559, 567a, 573. 575A,
581a. b8le, 587a, 549. 597a. 603, 607, 6lla, 618, 62k.
629. 634. 636, 638, 641, 642. 645, 646a, 668, 655, 660,
661, 662. 671, 675. 677. 680, 685a. 686, 697, 77a, 70R,
711. 715, W17a. 718a, 719a, 722. ‘72ha. 726, 727a, 730.
782. 735a, 735b. 740. 741, 748. 751. 752. 7538, TAL TT.
77a, 763. WALTER F. WEBB, Geneva, N. Y.

DAVIE’S ‘NESTS AND EGGS OF NORTH
AMERICAN BIRDS.’’—In reply to dozens of
queries we take pleasure in announcing that
during the month of June we will exchange
Davie’s invaluable work for any of the Eggs
wanted in our Exchange Extraordinary at the
following liberal rates: : ;
Paper cover edition $1.00 in Eggs and 40c¢ cash
Flexible cloth ‘* 5 Bas een ae sf

iC te \

be se be ee

Extra as

We make this offer for June only and will
never renew it. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion,
NYE 828

THE OOLOGIST. 113

PXCHANGEH EXTRADRDINA KK,

THIS OP FBR AXPIRAS ON JULY 15,1891.

I want at once the following first-class egg’s, either in singles or in sets, in exchange at 1890
prices, or if in sets, I will allow 10 per cent. above these prices, in exchange for the articles men-
tioned below. Eggs taken in large or small quantities. No exchange amounting to less than
$1.00 can be “bothered with’ unless 10 cents additional is enclosed for return postage and pack-
ing. If you have any of the rarer species to offer send lists. Species wanted, Ridgway’s Nos. :

2. 4, 26, 27, 41, 42, 47, 50, 51, 56, 68, 99, 128; amy of the rarer Warblers, 157. 168, 193a, 191, 198, 198a,
214, 217, 246, 248, 251, 257, 260, 271, 277, 278, 278b, 293, 35, 301, 320, 326; any of the Hummingbirds, 353,
354, 357, 361, 382, 385, 387, 388; any of the Owls, Hawks, Hagles or Vultures, 459, 465, 473. 482, 483;
any of the Herons, 497, 498, 501, 505, 507, 516, 520. 525. 552, 555, 557, 569, 571, 572, 574, 578, 582, 583, 601,
609, 613, 618, 634, 640; any of the Cormorants, 649, 650, 664, 666a, 668, 673, 679, 581, 636, 687, 688, 690, 693,

921, 723, 729, 736, 760, 761, 763a, 522.

We will accept any species not mentioned above at ONE-HALF 1890 pric2s.
In return for the above, I will give any of the following articles, specim2as or supplies at the

prices quoted.

NOVELTIES.

NOTES PESEO WE Ue este ee es
Collectors’ Puzzle Whistle
ErcaVVian ler. ts cute I ee

Catapult Gun, iron frame ..............2..02.0........
Box Pharaoh’s Serpent Eggs
25 Best Assorted Fish Hooks

SUPPLIES. JOKerS BHOtOn Came radia eesse nese eons Aa
; o; | 0. K.” Parer and SH CORA res ewes Heise Saree -2D
Brass Blowpipe.......-..----2-.-..---------+----+ sso $ .25] mountain Pen (every collector should carry
Imperfect Blowpipe.........----......------2.------++- -10 | one in his DOCG sso Mater ns AEDES ay ene zs
Nort o10) Bee Drill “08 | Students’ Ontfit (Pen, Penholder, Lead and
“ 3) tb-100 a ANS 1 Slate Pencils, and 6-in, Rule)... 15
oe 4, i -100 se ee ,, e>
“ 521-100 « Re 99 BIRDS’ EGGS.
Nickel - plated 4% in. Embryo Hook ...... .30 | Black-throated Sparrow...........-.-.........-.-....-
100 Exchange and Return Ex. Sheets... 280) Dexcany Wari cimialesmae new ae eenoee
POPU CrSSON ECTS eae Nis rT! ce oes a .45| Dwarf Cowbird
SEV ERTUNC CSS... Hemee eet wees on eT SECU Cy .45 | Limpkin, extra fine, 2nd-class.. am
“ Data Blanks. assorted..... .40 | Barrow's Golden-Bye...._......2...22-2.-:------------
See Ae SaeINO sil cret sas ce .20 | Noddy Tern, set of one, with data_..............
** Taxidermist’s Labels.... .20 | Sooty a ape a i
Oologist’s Hand-book, 1885..... ......2-.22-...---.-- ie) | Ame ricamybaneds Go.e oe eeseneeean ee areen ea eeel eee
Hand-book on Insect Collecting.................. alba Me hov ed bbavets) (CxnU Le Bank Padac Usa send ee
17 Back Numbers OOLOGIST............ Hep eae Mi On| AMIVETI CAMS COLE TNs Wile Mem phen Ca bo aoe eee
OOLOGIST (no prem.) from date to Jan. 91.50 | Sennet’s Thrasher (13a) ..._......-.--.--.------------+
ae Vibe LOmOMe: Vicar eel 1.00 | American Scaup Duck ate
Card for one Ex. Notice in. the OOLOGIST. .oo | White-winged Dove.......-.....: 1 aut RE see 40
A few Incomplete Copies of Maynard's x a PR
“Birds of Eastern North America,” newly Arkansas Golahneh pees se
bound in boards and leather, (Publisher’s Velvet Scoter.:.-_....4:
Cashypricer gS Ol) sew ey Mae 15.00 | Tufted Titmouse ......
Carolia Wien swe is saat a conse 25 oh cane
SPECIMENS. ;
Olub-spined Urchin, very fine....................... $ 50 FOREIGN EGGS.
Egg Case of Periwinale. -...............1..-..-...----- -29 | Bial-bul. from Phillipines aN
Lucky Tooth of Codfish......... 2. ..............-.- --0 | Black-headed Weaetaaen haath
Starfish, Martha’s Vineyard, fine..........2...... 25 Buropean Blackbird
Pod of Sabre Bean, very curious.....-......-..... obi) Gr Sone Thrush...
EVAN uO SCC LLC ING Use ere es oceans 15 Ruddy Sheldrake SE ae eae
Brown-banded Sea Bean... 10 | Med. Black-headed Gull. Ee
Coed Goa sage gee cu eguccrecsces eae Barvaisy, banbmidpe sls scenes as
folerelidl sn 2 eee ase tnsor OS008 Ue mes" a ax ace. °
Trilobite (Calymene Niagraensis) 20 [gsi OOP NOT SRE Oe BES TR ISIeL
Seaphites,from Bl’ck Hills,choice,desirable .30 If you desire to obtain anything on the above
RUCSUELeCHIOM: Aalamibie! 22 ee I a Ee eye! .15 | list in exchange, send on your eggs at once. If
Barnacle, Pacific, choice double specimens .25| you have no eggs, but have other desirable
Polished Agate, pendant............/.......2.----.--- .2)| specimens in quantity, write what you have,
Indian Pottery, fine specimen...........-..-..-..-. .25| with price; or will exchange for collections of
ed pea. GaN. extra sim Cee see Tait .39| fine Postage Stamps or second-hand Books on
PAlabOr MOObmMmNer i, cote ee ee Te .25| Natural History, or choice Indian Relics.
100 Foreign Stamps, all different.................. .30| Only first-class Specimens accepted at any
A Desirable Flat Sea Urchin from Zebu price, all others returned at sender’s expense.
Channel, Phillipines .25| We will receive hundreds of packages in an-
Sea Horse, very fine .50| swer to this exchange and if you do not write
Fossil Polyp Coral................ .25| your name plainly on the outside of the pack-
Fossil Sea Urchin... .25| ages you send, your exchange will be delayed
10 Wild Potatoes....: .2) | and packages possibly lost.
EV OPOMO TM SISAL LO Mover deet sv DN Ne 12} This offer will hold good until July 15th only.
SOE ONS OE ele, aos ah IL nA Ue er Ree Pte .20| Send on your specimens. at once in large or
* “ Hammerhead or Leopard Shark...... .25| small quantities, it makes no difference to us
gam~e/or Horse-foot Crabie Wins es .35| whether you send $1.00 or $100.00 worth, but if
less than $1.00 worth, 10 cents extra must be en-

closed for return postage and packing.
Large quantities shipped by express or
freight, must be prepaid. Address,

FRANK H. LATTIN,

ALBION, N.Y,

114 THE OOLOGIST.

EXCHANGE EXTRAORDINARY Continued.

The following Shells are included in our Ex-

change Extraordinary offer.
SHELLS.

All Extra Fine Bright Specimens.
eRe limaaa alert arteaeee. een Uae Mri iT eas b.

Cypreea helvoia
ee isabella
i Garlipaticiede sey cee
i moneta 5
Mencenaniailaitenivn i ie ta ie A 3
Pump Ganpabuleeercs lab OR nae
MUme xan Oricon see ee

Div ayGUS TRON MIS Nese a2 SNS Cee Re ae Aye
Dh A UUBTEKEN OPEN EPL ce UA ig apy ree ee nL
VISIO UCC US yl eee A CR EE HL

Cou coal yieh ane le ak ets
Fissurella barbadensis ...
Strophia glans...
Dentallum entalis..............
Strombus bituberculata ._..
Perna ephippium............
Apporhais pes-pelicani ..
Nerita peleronta.....0....0....... PER UNAM ee HA 2 a
(ECLOCEKa lamin Ss cue Weed uiue lan ie NN
Voluta vespentiltoys oe) Oey yy up
Draw lier; Onyanton trea aHSy soe urn Oe Me eS Lh a UE
AR DUE] OO) (aks shNOnanybisy ens 4 a eee

Mpc SUMMA CTC Stele yee aon en ecsube nant

is a) OCT Se

Au illustrated price-list of Electrotypes of
Birds sent free. Just the thing to use on your
letter heads, circulars, ete. Engraving to or-
der. H. A. CARHART, Syracuse, N. Y.

AGENCY for

et

\\ A pamphlet of information and ab-
A\\\ Stract of the laws, showing Elow to/
\ Obtain Patents, Caveats, Trade UY

\ \\ Marks, Copyrights, sent free./
XN

Nami ale Ne Wer tl Garces anes let eI NEO en Ve

LEK TEDWEMSIS Lat | op RNP Ne REET \ Address MUNN & GO

“@UMPEREYS’
HOMEOPATHIC gf
Sa \ SPECIFIC No.

y OTA an
In use 30 years. The only successful remedy for

Nervous Debility, Vital Weakness,

and Prostration, from’ over-work or other causes.
$1 per vial, or 5 vials and large vial powder, for $5.
SOLD BY DRUGGISTs, or sent postpaid on receipt
of price. HUMPHREYS’ MEDICINE CO., i
Cor. William and John Sts., N. ¥.

RUBBER STAMP

Of 1, 2, 3, or 4 lines with Pads and Ink
ONLY 8383crs.

30 R. W. FORD, Bristol, Conn,

+ WANTED &
RMBAILMING!

Any Boy Can Make Money By Learning the Process.

Many are advertising through the columns of this and other papers the pro-
cess of Embalming. All of these advertisers are swindlers, who are foisting on
the public, various worthless preparations. The directions for the process are
garbled copies of my original process which they have bought of me, but have
no right to sell.

Iam the sole originator of the process of Embalming, and my method,
evoived from twelve years of experience, is perfeceion itself. As I am going out
of the business, I now offer this well-known process, now used by thousands of
skillful naturalists, in the U.S. and Canada, at the following low figures: It is
the first time that I have sold the right to others to make and resell the prepara-
tion, and to instruct others in the science.

The printed directions to use (not resell) and one pound of prepared com-
pound, ready for use, 75c. Prepared compound, to those who have already pur-
chased directions; one pound, 50c, three pounds $1.85, five pounds, $2.00. Direc-
tions alone (not to resell) 80c. | Directions, formula for making compound and
right for selling compound,and also right for instructing in the process to others
complete, $3.00. Those who buy of irreliable persons at from 25c to 50c, get
swindled every time and then claim the process worthless. Buy of the only
reliable, and originator of the process. Thousands of Testimonials. Address,

RK. M. GIBBS, M, D., KALAMAZOO, MICH.

THE OOLOGIST. 116

A NRW WORK,

THE OOLOGISTS HAND-BOOK

FOR 1891.
It will contain over 150 pages of Valuable Information.

It is with great pleasure that I am able to announce that the Mss,
for a new Oologists’ Hand-Book is nearly ready for the printer and,
that under ordinary circumstances it will be ready for delivery
early in June. The new Hand-Book, for the money, we think will be
one of the most valuable works for one interested in birds, ever pub-
lished. Our old ’85 edition was issued as our catalogue—Our new ’91
edition will not be a catalogue at all, but simply and purely a Collec-
tors’ Hand-Book in the fullest sense of the word, and will contain, at
least 150 pages, each teeming with valuable information. It will also
contain two or three full page plates and many illustrations. The size
of the pages will be about 6 x 4 inches, making a volume that can be
conveniently carried in the pocket. ‘Two editions will be issued, one
in paper covers at 50c per copy, and the other in flexible leather
at 7dce.

WHAT IT WILL CONTAIN.

It will give the common and scientific name of every North Amer-
ican bird known at the date of going to press. These names will be
numbered, arranged and given according to the A. O. U. nomenclature,
they will also be divided and sub-divided into the orders and families
which they belong. It will give the numbers of each species as used
in Ridgway’s nomenclature of 1881 and those used by Coues’ in 1883.
It will give the value of the eggs of over 6U0 species and sub-species of
North American birds, as fixed by some of the most competant Ameri-
can Oologists, at date of going to press, this fact alone making 1, tuVvai-
uable to collectors, as a basis on which to make exchanges. It will
give the breeding range of each species. It will give a considerable
information about the nest of each species. It will give the shape,
color, markings and size of the eggs of each species and will also state
the number usually found in a set. It will also mention some of the
more common local names by which each species is known in different
localities. It will also give a considerable information on the collecting
and preparing of specimens for the cabinet and will have something to
say about making cabinets, making exchanges, packing, etc., etc. It
will also tell how to make a good bird skin, and many other useful
hints and items, most of which will be well illustrated.

PRICE:—In paper covers, 50c; flexible leather, gilt title, 75ce.

SPECIAL OFFER TO ADVANCE SUBSCRIBERS.
Until July 1st advance subscriptions. accompanied by the cash, will be accepted as follows: *
Paper covers, 40c; 3 copies, $1.00.
Leather ‘ 60c; 3 copies‘ $1.50

Advance subscribers will receive their books by the first mail, ‘after we obtain them from the
bindery. All orders will be filled in rotation received. ;

116

THE OOLOGIST.

!
HAVE you read Lattin’s “Exchange Extra-

ordinary”’ in this OOLOGIST?

BIRDS’ EGGS.
O. J. ZAHN, 427 S. Hope St., Los Angeles,
Cala.

ELEGANTLY MOUNTED Horned Frogs,
$1.00 each. For sale or exchange.

A. McALPINE, GALVESTON, TEX.

SPECIAL.

We have just received from. the
bindery 50 copies of “Davie’s
bound in flexIble cloth covers. As
long as they last we _ will send them
to our patrons for $1.40 per copy.

Rare California Views.

Enclose stamp for catalogue. _ Sample of
views will be sent upon receipt of 25 cents.

California Art Gallery, Santa Rosa, Cal.

YOUR NAME
| on this Pen & Pencil Stamp only PLOIC
=—— = = = aa

Ns = =

' We will send you one by
Email on receipt of price.
FL Agents Wanted.

; R. W. FORD, Bristol, Conn.

Elegant Prizes for the Ladies.

“The Publishers of THE CANADIAN QUEEN,
Toronto, Canada, are offering two new prize
competitions, with leading prizes consisting of
a pair of Shetland Ponies, carriage and harness,
a Free Trip to Europe, first class upright piano,
two weeks vacation to any summer resort in
- Canada or the United States, all expenses paid;

safety bicycle or tricycle, one hundred dollars
in cash, suite of parlor furniture, ladies’ gold
watches, ete., ete. This magazine has become
famous on account of its prize competitions.
Hundreds of Americans have won valuable
prizes in previous contests. Sample number of
THE QUEEN With full particulars, will be sent
by the publishers upon receipt of the address of
any lady ahd six U. S.2 cent stamps. Address,
THE QUEEN, Toronto, Canada.

An Expressson of Confidence.

Geo. P. Rowell & Co., of New York. the pub-
lishers of the American Newspaper Directory,
undertake to rate newspaper circulations very
much as tho merchantile agencies report the
capital and credit of the business community.
About one publisher in ten tells his exact issue
with truthful precision. Some of the other
nine decline to tell the facts because they assert
that those who do tell are in the habit of lying.
Rowell & Co., after an experience of more than
twenty years, have come to .the conclusion
that this view cannot be sustained. In the
twenty-third annual issue of their book, issued
in April, they designate every paper that is
rated in accordance with a detailed statement
from the publisher; and offer to pay a hundred
dollars for every instance which can be pointed
out of a misstatement for which a publisher is
responsible. The OOLOGIST is one of the pa-
pers that is wliling to have it known how
many it prints and whose good faith the Direc-
tory publishers will guarantee,

| ALBION,

FOR ONLY

ax CSS

We Will Send the OOLOGIST
on Trial from Now until
January 1, 1892.

And give you your choice of any of the fol-
lowing desirable Premiums.

Oologists’ Hand-book. 1885.

“Insect Collecting” a little hand-book tell-
ing all about it.

10 Checking Lists.

18-100 Kgg Drill.

Brass Blowpipe.

Set of 60 Beautiful Bird Cards.

12 Wild Mexican Potatoes, if planted will
grow.

2 Resurrection Plants.

100 var. Foreign Stamps.

10. Choice Doubly Terminated Rock Crystal.

11. Fine Chiastolite Crystal.

12. Fine Staurolite Crystal.

13. Choice Specimen of Opalized Wood.

Fossil, Scaphites nodosus. from Black Hills.

15. Fossil Sea Urchin, from Texas.

16. Large Polyp Coral or ‘Petrified Horn.’

17. Choice Spec. of ‘‘Kid Conch”

18. Sea Horse.

19. King or Horse-foot Crab.

A Beautiful Sea Fan.

21. 2 Boxes of Pharaoh’s Serpent Eggs.

The Joker’s Photo Camera—will produce a
picture in 3 minutes,and make $5.00 worth
of fun.

we

90 IR So

23. Large Alligater Tooth.

24. A 25ce Assortment of Glass Hyes.
25. 25 Assorted Fish Hooks.

26. 4 fs Te dui Wess

27.

Nickel-plated Embryo Hook.

28. Heg of Sennett’s Thrasher.

29. (For 10c additional) Set, with data, of 1 egg
of Sooty Tern.

30. Collection of 8 Common Eggs.

31. Egg of Shark.

32. Egg of Hammerhead or Leopard Shark.

33. A Curions Ham Shell, Perna ephippium.

34. Rare Phillipine Is. Sea Urchin.

35. Card good for a 25-word Exchange Notice
in the OOLOGIST.

36. Brazillian Vegetable Ivory Nut, carved.

37. An Extra Fine Arrowhead.

38. A Fine Piece of Polished Agate.
39. A Fair Trilobite, Calymene Niagraensis.
A V-Nickel without the word ‘“‘cents.”’

We will send the OoLocIs? on trial6 months
and your choice of any one of the above

For Only 25 Cents.

Additional premiums, 15c each; 8 for $1.00; 18
for $2.00, or entire 40 for 4.00, all prepaid.

We had ought to be able to obtain over 1000
new trial subscribers Within the next 30 days.

Show the offer to your friends and induce
them to send in their suuscriptions AT ONCE.

Address,

FRANK H. LATTIN,

Pub. of the OOLOGIST,
NEW YORK.

=H

VOL. VICI.

QOLOGIST-

ALBION, N. Y., JUNE, 1891.

No. 6

The Humming Birds of California.

The Hummingbirds occupy a promi-
nent place in the Avi-fauna of Califor-
nia, there being no less than six species
found regularly within the borders of
the state, Although none of these pos-
sess the extravagant features found in
some of the more tropical representa-
tives of this family, they are interesting
little creatures and command the ad-
miration and attentive consideration of
all lovers of bird life. Hummingbirds
are strictly American, and in their in-
comparable beauty are unrivaled by
even those feathered fairies of the Old
World whose small size and gorgeous
colors have won for them the name of
Sun-birds.

A visitor to Southern California is
impressed with the large number of
Hummingbirds seen; in every garden,
field and canon, even in the shaded
depths of woodland districts and on the
bleak, inclement mountain summits,
these aerial gems, doubtless the most
gorgeously hued of created things, are
fonnd in large numbers. In the vicin-
ity of Santa Barbara, Anna’s Humming-
bird is quite common; the male, Anna’s
perched upon one of the uppermost
twigs of a tree is a familiar sight. Con-
scious of his ostentatious array, he sits
upon his swinging perch and proudly
scans the environs streatched below in
their magnificent, semi-tropic splendor,
and soliloquizes in a creaking: tone
while his coruscant gorget flashes with
fiery tints at every change of position.
Suddenly from his lofty perch he sees
an enemy, real or imaginary, then high
he mounts on whirring winglets until
all but lost in the azure depth, now
downward he plunges with inconceiv-
able speed—an iridescent spright of the

and when he nears his foe he gives ut-

|terance to a shrill shriek of hate and

defiance; as he rises again to repeat the
performance he poises for an instant to
locate his foe. These efforts usually
are of no avail and the Hummingbird,
seeing his opponent haughtily repudiat-
ing the assault, hies himself to a neigh-
boring tree where he consoles himself
by casting vague maledictions upon the
whole feathered tribe, excepting of
course himself and his immediate relat-
ives.

Among the other common Hummers
of this vicinity are Allen’s, Costa’s, and
the Rufous. The latter frequents the
well watered canons where it appears
as it darts hither and thither like the
reflections of many jewels. The Allen’s
is a seclusive bird, the male is seldom
seen; the female may be seen flitting
about cypress hedges where the nests
are likely to be found. The Alexander
or Black -chinned Hummingbird is
found in this locality but not numerous-
ly as its habitat is further south. The
Callilope Hummingbird is a mountain
species and is only found in the high
altitudes.

The nests of all species of Humming-
birds are architectural models; they are
composed of fine materials and are
made extremely soft and comfortable.
The complement of eggs is two.

The identification of the maie birds is
an easy matter, the females, however,
will give trouble. There are but two
Hummingbirds in California with me-
tallic scales on the top of the head,
these are Anna’s and Costa’s; and they
may be recognized readily by the dif-
ference in size and in the color of the
helmets, the Anna’s being larger than
the Costa’s and the color of its helmet

erimson; the color of the Costa’s helmet

skies—describing an ellipse in his flight, jis violet. The Rufous is easily recog-

118

THE OOLOGIST.

nized in its resplendent fiery hues.
The Callilope has a lilac gorget set in
white, like lilac stars on a white field.
The Allen’s resembles the Rufous toa
_ considerable degree; the colors are not
as bright, however; the back is of a
greenish-red color, the underparts
light, cinnamon on sides and. flanks,
gorget fiery red. The Alexander has
an opaque or velvety black gorget pos-
teriorly glittering with emerald and
sapphire, underparts whitish, green on
sides.

The female Anna’s resembles the male
without a gorget, no rufous any where.
The female Costa’s is smaller than the
femaleAnna’s otherwise resembling very
much, outer tail feathers very narrow
especially so in male. The female Ru-
fous is extensively rufous, but over-

laid with green, underparts white; no

gorget. Female Allen’s resembles the
latter, but the rufous is not so promi-
nent; extensively green on back; slight
metallic scales on throat. The female
Callilope may be recognized by a white
mark under each eye. The female Al-
exander has a rounded tail, the feathers
of which have a dark purplish space
near end and tipped with white; no
gorget, resembles the female Ruby-
throat of the east.
Harry C. LInyiz,
Santa Barbara, Calif.

Ring Pheasant.

Phasianus torquatus (GMEL)

Common name—Chinese Pheasant.
Mongolian Pheasant.

Habitat—Western United States
Willamette Valley and Southward into
California.

Description—Male total length 34 to
40 inches. Length of tail 15 inches to
24 inches. Bill dark, 12 inches long,
Iris yellow. Crown greyish-green with
a white stripe extending over each eye.

Around the eyes is found a large red
patch of hair feathers.

Neck—Changeable green and purple,
following which is a circular band of
pure white extending around the entire
neck, from this it receives its name.

The breast and point of shoulders is a
changeable tire red and purplish blue.

The border of the feathers being tip-
ped with blue, following this in the
median line is a narrow strip of blue
feathers which gradually emerge into
black as we approach the under tail
coverts which is greyish-brown.

The tail consists of sixteen feathers,
the outer ones being shorter, and grad-
ually becoming longer up to fifteen in.
or twenty-four inches, the two center
feathers being longest.

The under coloring is greyish-black,
the upper brown with light-grey and
black, and. brown bars.

Upper tail coverts Irish green border-
ed with old-gold and tinged with bright
green.

Under wing greyish-white. Body
light yellow and end of feathers tipped
with deep blue.

Female—Is about } size of male, and
of a uniform mottled pale yellow with
slight shades of brown, black and gray,
variously intermixed. It has none of
the gay colors of the male.

The above description, although very
poor and wanting in many respects will
at least I hope, convey some idea of the
beauty of the species. @ nt

A few general notes may also be of
interest. i

This bird was imported from China
by O. N. Denny.

Six pair were let loose on Peterson
Butte about twenty miles from this
place. A law was at once enacted for
the protection of the birds for six years,
this law expiring Oct. Ist, next.

After four or five years the birds be-~
came so numerous that a great many of
the farmers complained severely that
they were very destructive to grain and
gardens. There is no doubt but what.
they frequent such places, but the harm
they do is slight in comparison with the

THE OOLOGIST.

119

good done, and the pleasure of having
such a beautiful bird in our country. |

They have been killed in immense |
numbers and stripped of their feathers,
the meat being sent to the Portland |
market.

The farmers in this county are taking |
active steps for the protection of the
bird in the way of putting up trespass
notices, but this is not done with an
idea to keep the species, but to kill them
at their pleasure (which is at every op- |
portunity afforded) for the benefit of |
their own table, and I might add they
are very delicious for such purposes.

The bird has many cunning devices
to deceive the hunter. At theapproach
of foot-steps they will squat down close
to the ground and a person can pass
within a few feet of it and not discover
it, nor will the bird fly until seen by
you, when it is up and away like a
flash.

In an open plowed field the bird will

lie so close that it can not be seen at a
distance of two rods.

They are also very swift of foot, it
requiring a good dog to catch one that
has been winged.

Their breeding habits is somewhat
peculiar also. Tlie female deposits her
first complement of eggs about April
15th, or May ist, laying from seven to
fifteen eggs. As soon as the young
leave the nest the male takes charge
and the hen again lays about the same
number of eggs. By the time these are
ready to leave the nest, the first brood
is able to take care of themselves, and
the male again takes charge of the sec-
ond brood. A third complement is then
laid and when they are hatched the
male and female both take charge.

Three broods are generally raised in
a season by one pair and by a little fig-
uring one can form some idea of the in-
crease of the species.

You can also see the same from the
fact that from the six pair let loose in
Oregon, the entire western coast he

been densely populated by them in tive
years, and thousands have been killed.

They nest upon the ground in open
fields. Oat stubble field is a favorable
resort for their nest. The nest is made
of leaves and dry grass, placed ina
clump of grass or perhaps under some
small brush.

In captivity the birds do well, and
eyen nest and breed while so confined.

I have an adult male in continement
and he will eat most anything given
him, but prefers wheat and oats, and
seeds of all kinds generally. In the
wild state during winter they feed upon
fir seeds and buds, but during summer
they feed upon seeds and green leaves.

They seem to be fearless coming unto
barn-yards and feeding with the domes-
tic fowls. Only a short time ago one
came within fifty feet of my house right
in the village. |

The males during the spring, crow
similar to a domestic cock and taking
advantage of this the hunter locates
them and slowly and gently slips up on
them and is generally sure of his game.

Much more might be said in regard
to this one of our most beautiful birds,
but for fear of tiring the readers I will
close.

Dr. A. G. PRILE.

<>

+

The Carolina Wren.

When I came South, this species was
comparatively new to me. I had

studied it in New Jersey, but did not

find it numerous there, and it did not
reach Western New York. Around
Washington it is abundant, and every
where it has its peculiar haunts. If
one makes a clearing in the woods,
setting a portable saw-mill on a little
run of water, these wrens are pretty
sure to be found afterwards in the slab-
piles and among the rubbish. It may
also be found in open ravines. For
instance. it is very numerous along the
steep and craggy banks of the Potomac

120

THE OOLOGIST.

River above Washington. Here it
revels during the sunny days of spring
and the long scorching days of summer
never being very far from the moist
shady gorges or the springs which dis-
charge themselves like little cascades
over the rocky cliffs. Here one associ-
ates them early in spring with the
crimson mantle of the Judas tree, and
later in the season with the flaming
blossoms of the trumpet creeper.

They will not infrequently become as
semi-domesticated as the common wren
nesting in the corn barn or the hay
mow. Last yeara pair took up their
quarters in the second story of my
carriage barn, where the hay was
stored. The first nest made early in
June was placed in a corner between
the post and the brace, and was made
of the most flexible bits of hay
softest clover leaves,
hair and feathers.

and the
being lined with
It contained six

eggs, white specked with reddish-
brown. The second nest built in
August, and containing five eggs, was

diagonally across the room in the cor
ner similarly placed, and the same in
general construction, but lacked the
lining of hair and feathers. The bird
was very tame and kept her nest quite
closely. Leven looked at her once by
night with the lantern without disturb-
ing her in the least. The young were
raised successfully, and took their de-
parture in the most leisnrely and prop-
er manner.

At Sandy Spring about eighteen
miles from Washington, one was
known to nest in a corn-barn. for
several years in succession, building its
nest of the silks of the corn. It seems
therefore, to make its nest out of any
soft and flexible material which may be
at hand.
It has various twittering conversational
notes, easily identified. Its song, loud,
spirited, clear and resonant, and some
what varied, is cheerful indeed, but not

so highly mnsical to my ear as it seems| not be surpassed by any.

tosome. Its greatest charm is in the
fact that we hear it more or less fre-
quently nearly all the year, for the bird
is aresident. Itis but a plain artist in
song compared with the volubie and
‘apturous winter wren, as we hear it in
the swamps and low woodlands of the
north.

a

J. H. Lanille

American Dipper.
Cinclus mexicanus.

Hab.—Western North
mountainous districts.

Des.—The entire bird is of a grayish-
slate color.

Length—Six inches, length of tail one
and one-half inches, length of bill five-
eighths of an inch, length of wing three
inches. Iris brown.

A few general notes on this species
may be of interest to the readers of the
OoLoGisT as I doubt if many of you
have the opportunity of seeing it in its
natural haunts.

The Water Dipper frequents wild
mountain streams where the water is
very rapid, where perpendicular rocks
line the borders and where the mist and
spray of the swift running stream are
continually falling on it. Here it loves
to stay and may be seen upon some
rock, bobbing up and down like a Sand-
piper or diving up the swift current,
letting the water wash it back upon the
rock. The rocks which they frequent
most are either just above or below
some water-fall. :

I have seen this bird dive under the
swift running water and come up a dis-
tance of thirty feet from where it enter-
ed. At other times it will drop upon
the water and float down two or three
hundred feet, when it will fly back and
repeat the operation.

Its song is as beautiful as the moun-
tain stream which it frequents and can-
One can sit

America in

THE OOLOGIST.

121

and listen for hours to its beautiful
notes as it flies back and forth over the
water and fairly makes the conon echo
with ‘its vibrations.

Its nesting place and nest is in full

‘accord with all these surroundings. It
is generally found upon some rock near
where the water is swift and where the
spray keeps the outside damp. The
nest is made of sticks and coarse grass,
which are placed in the shape of a
dome. This is covered with mud,
which makes the whole quite solid. It
then receives a coating inside and out
of green moss, such as is found growing
on rocks. This moss often takes root
in the mud, of which the nest is made,

_and grows very green, so that the whole
nest has simply the appearance of a
tuft of moss, except to a practiced eye.

It has been my pleasure to find three
nests this season, as follows:

(a) Found May 1, 1891. Contained
four slightly meubated eggs. The nest
was found on the underside of an old
deserted mill. It was on a beam just
over the water falls of the mill. It was
so situated that the spray from the falls
was keeping the moss damp. The nest
was made of usual material. The
female was shot and the nest and eggs
secured and all preserved. Length of
nest twelve inches, width eleven inches,
height seven and one-half inches. The
entrance was placed on one side near
the center, but a little below the middle
line. In order for the bird to reach the
nest proper, she must pass a little up-
ward and backward through the open-
ing. The bed upon which the eggs lie is
made of fine grass and moss. The

eggs, four in number, are pure white

na. ae WOibow Syets WANO se Iris tl (Oe <

3, 1.01 x 73.

(b) The second nest was found May
4, 1891, and contained three young.
This nest was placed on the side of a per-
pendicular cliff about four feet above the

water and sixteen feet from the top.
It was only accessible by lowering one
over the cliff by a rope. .

(ec) The third nest was found the
same day, (May 4, 1891), but the femal®
had not deposited her eggs. The nest
was located similar to the previous one
(b), but not in quite so perilous a posi-
tion, though one must be lowered by a
rope in ordey to examine the nest.

I will close by adding that although
the haunts of this bird are as wild as
could well be, the bird itself is not so.
It. will often light within a few feet of
you, and remain for some time.

Dr A. G. PRILL,
Sweet Home, Oregon.

Bird Migration.

Following are the dates.on which the
birds named arrived at White Sulphur
Springs, West Virginia. Latitude 37
degrees, 48 minutes, N. Longitude 80
degrees, 22 minutes, W.., i. e.: i

For Marech.—House Wren, 1; Pheebe,
17; Meadow Lark, 10; Red-wing Black-
bird, 15; Kildeer, 2; Red-bellied Wood-
pecker, 24.

For April.—Osprey, 10; Flicker, 11;
Bank Swallow, 13; Brown Thrasher, 14;
Yellow Warbler, 15; Whip-poor-will, 16;
Chewink, 17; Kingbird, 19; Barn Swal-

low, 19; Balto Oriole, 21; Warbling
Vireo, 21; Green Heron, 22; Least Fly-

eatcher, 23; Spotted Sandpiper, 23;
Chimney Swift, 23; Catbird, 26; Red-
start, 26; Orchard Oriole and Humming-
bird, 80.

For May.—Indigo Bunting,
headed Woodpecker, 2;
ger, 4.

On May ist, a Mockingbird (Aimus
polyglottws) was seen here. This is the
first record for about ten years (May,
1880.) A Northern Raven (Corvus corax
stnuatus) which is now considered rare
here, was also seen May Ist.

I have noted at least five Red-bellied
Woodpeckers here this spring, the first
for several years. Redstarts are more
abundant than I ever seen before as
are also Brown Thrashers.

THAD. SURBUR.

1; Ked-
Searlet Tana-

May 5, 1891.

122 THE

OOLOGIST.

THE OOLOGIST

A MONTHLY MAGAZINE DEVOTED TO
ORNITHOLOGY Anb OOLOGY..

FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N.Y.
EDITOR AND PUBLISHER.

Correspondence and items of interest to the
suena of birds. their Nests and Heys, ‘solicited
‘om all.

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.
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The above rates include payment of postage by us.
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_discounts will be allowed on large and continued
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Remittances should be made by Draft, Express
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denomination will be accepted for sums under one
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and address all subscriptions and communica-

tions to FRANK H. LATTIN,
ALBION, Orleans Co., N. Y.

a2

.” Articles, Items of Interest and Queries
for publication should be forwarded as early ip
the month as possible

@NTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER.

On May 24th, while walking through
a bushy pasture, about two miles
south-west of Albion, K. B. Mathes
found a set of three eggs of the Che-
wink, (Pipilio erythrophthalmus) ineuba-
tion commenced. This species is very
rare with us, and this set, the first
recorded one found in Orleans county.

A.G.—Lawrence, Kans. As the young
Gt. Horned Owls remain in the nest
nearly, if not quite three months, we
doubt if more than a single brood is
ever reared in a season. When the first
set is taken, another is usually laid in
the same nest. We have our doubts as
to whether pounding on the trunk of
the tree is an infallible rule for raising
the old bird from the nest.

‘We cannot say as to whether the
Turkey Vulture occupies a nest more
than one season or not. Who ean?

Fred §. Wilder, Worcester, Mass.,
sends us the following extracts from his
90 notes:

May 18th, I collected a set of seven
fresh eggs of Bluebird.

May 21st, found a nest of seven fresh
pags of White-bellicd Swallow in a bird-

OX.

July 11th, I collected a set of five
eggs of the European Goldfinch. The
nest was in an apple-tree about five
feet from the ground, very neatly made
of hay and cotton and thread and hair.
The eggs are of a dirty-white, tinged
with green and streaked around the
large end with dark-brown and spots of
black, and vary from .62 x .48 tu .72 x
.42. I have the female in my collection.

W. W. Searles, Lime Springs, Ia.,
writes:

“While collecting in a heavy growth
of timber on April 8, 1889, I found my
first nest of the Am. Crow, which to my
surprise contained ten eggs. Taking
six I found them all fresh. Returning
to the nest in a few weeks I found the
other four eggs hatched. Dotwo crows
ever lay in the same nest or is thisa
large set? Since then I have found
them breeding very abundant, and
never found more than five in a set.
The nests are always placed in black
oak, and made of sticks, moss, binding
twine, hair, etc.”

G. L. A., would like to know the
name of Gulls quite common on Puget
Sound during the winter and early
spring months. Who can write us an
article on ‘The Gulis of Puget Sound?”

Our old friend H. W. Davis, now in
Bolivar Co., Miss., must think he has
struck the sportsman’s paradise. Un-
der date of March 9th, he writes of
shooting ducks from the back door of
the house.

We take the following extracts from
90 notes kindly furnished us by B. H.
Swales, of Detroit, Mich.:

‘April 18th, saw a flock of about 150
Evening Grosbeaks, tame and gsily
aporoached. .

April 20th, saw a Large-billed Water
Thrush.”

Mr. 8.
book of Michigan birds.
him out?

would like to obtain a list or
Who can help

‘

‘A. Dockery, Jv., of Hernando, Miss.,
; reports an Albino Bronzed Grakle.

THE OOLOGIST.

G. H. G., Baltimore, Md., queries as
follows: Will some of our older orni-
thological readers answer?

“Through your query column I would
like to learn something concerning the
distinction between MHarlan’s Hawk
(Buteo borealis’ harlant) and the com-
mon Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo borealis).

1. Has the Borealis at any stage of
development a yellow eye?

2. Is the tarsus in Borealis not feath-
ered half way down the front?

3. Has the Borealis never the incis-
ion in the primary feathers? .

In others words are the distinctions
made by Maynard quoted in Langille,
p. 97, now considered accurate I have
a specimen corresponding to that des-
cription, but since I have seen several
specimens labeled ‘‘Red-tail,’’ I feel
that I may not be safe in labelling mine
otherwise.”

J. GC. G., Montgomery, O.—’ Twould
be a hard matter to decide from your
description whether your eggs are those
of the Red-tail or Red-shouldered Hawk.

The Am. Woodcock nests very early,
but your date, March 22d, we think
more than ordinarily so.

Joe SS Jordans | Mannalt? is) a
standard and inexpensive key and text-
book on the ‘‘Vertebrate Animals of
Northern United States.’’

G. K. B., wishes to know the use of
the comb-like projection on the middle
toe of the Nighthawk, and other mem-
bers of the Goatsucker family.

G. W.M., Moberly, Mo.—The young
Red-headed Woodpecker does not have
a red head.

Harry R. Painton, of College Park,
Cala., writes of taking a finely marked
set of two eggs of the Golden Eagle on
March 14th.

H. A. H., Edinburg, Ind.—The signs
and abbreviations used to indicate the
age and sex of a bird are as follows:

yg—young; ad—adult; sign of the
planet Mars—male; sign of the planet
Venus—temale.

H. W. Carriger, of Sonoa Co., Cal.,
took three nests of the Anna’s Hum-
mingbird on March 2d.

123

Mr. K. Atkinson, of Dime Box, Texas,
writes that the Turkey Vulture fre-
quently kills pigs and lambs, very rare-
ly young calves and that only in two
oceasions has he been able to closely
approach them when on the nest. Mr.
A. has been on the Range stock-raising-
for the past twenty-five years and his.
observations cover that period.

Hugh Hartman, Ft. Wayne, Ind.,,
writes that a flock of about twenty-five
Passenger Pigeons was reported as
staying in the woods eleven miles north-
east the city last fall.

F. L. Englebert, Des Moines, Ia...
writes that he has found Caustic Potash
very effective in removing embryoes,,
and says:

“Dissolve in water to forma solution,,
and insert into the egg by means of a
blowpipe or syringe, the process being
repeated, after washing out each egg
before each insertion, until the embryo:
is all eaten and removed, and being ani-
mal matter, is easily acted upon and
dissolved by the potash. Great care:
must be taken, however, not to allow
any of the solution to get upon the
hands or into the mouth, as it has
about the same effect as lye, but is not
so dangerous to handle. I have seen it
successtully used for several seasons.
past, and used it with success myself
last season.”

U. L. Hertz, of Napa, Cala., says that:
the English Sparrows persist in making”
a hay stack of their palm trees but, has:
cooled their ardor a little by taking 46.
eggs at a single raid.

Harry Smissen, of Snyder, Tex., took
a set of two eggs of the Bald Kagle on
June 20, 90.

F. S. H., Chagrin Falls, O.—Taxider-
mists use arsenic or preservative (arsen-
ic and alum) as an insect preventative.

The readers of the OOLoGIsT are
most certainly up with the times—the:
latest is from Mr. R. C. Watters, of
Baltimore, who proposes to slaughter
the English Sparrows by the million
through the agency of electricity—a
cleverly executed drawing illustrates.
the battery and electrocution perch or
wire in position,—operator ‘pressing:

124

THE OOLOGIST.

MMT a an irene nana eT eer aac tar Alaa ewe

the button,” and sparrows coming and
falling by the dozens. The scheme has
yet to be tested.

C. D. M., Cinti., Ohio.—The Cowbird,
Red-winged Blackbird, Bronzed Grakle
and Am. Crow are common in Southern
Ohio.

The Ann Arbor taxidermist, Mr. A.
B. Covert, of Kirtland Warbler fame,
has been so busy on work in the Univer-
sity for the past few months that he has
been unable to put in his usual amount
of field work this spring. A few days
since, however, he writes of ee
a day for the U. of M. Museum anc
mentions the taking of thirteen war-
blers, twelve different species.

A photo of a Moose just mounted for
the University by Friend C. speaks vol-
umes as to his rank as an artist in
the profession.

To many correspondents desiring de-
scriptions, measurements, etc., etc., of
the eggs of various species, we must re-
fer them to Davie’s ‘‘Nests and Kggs of
North American Birds.’’ Were we to
attempt to answer all the queries of
this nature that we receive it would re-
quire the entire space of several issues
of the VOLOGIST.

H. S. D., Fremont, O., writes of tak-
ing sets of two eggs of the Mourning
Dove from the same nest on April 19th,
April 26th, May Ist and a single egg on
May 6th.

The following corrections should be
made in Mr. F. L. Farley’s ‘‘Birds of
Elgin Co., Ont.,” which appeared in
the last issue of the OOLOGIST.

No. 176. Winter Wren, ‘appear in
small flocks,” should be ‘small num-
bers,’’? and No. 188. Hermit Thrush,
“shot one in Dec. 18, 1878,” should be
“1888.”

Several errors also appeared in Mr.
M. C. White’s article on ‘‘The Whip-
poorwill.” The most glaring of which,
were as follows:

In the quotation at the beginning,

third verse, third line, the word when
should be where. In second column,
fourth line, ‘‘Chick-hoo-rhee,”’ is a mis-
representation of Mr. Langille, the A in
the second syllable should be &. Four-
teenth line of same column, the word

seen, which is entirely omitted, should
follow the word never. In first column,
eighteenth line, the omission of s in
“syllable,” causes a double error; it
should be syllables.

Errors also occurred in spelling, ete.,
as Mr. W’s. Mss. was faultless, the poor
printer and proof reader must be given
full credit.

C. A. H., Mt. Pleasant, Mich., writes:
‘‘A week or two ago I noticed a bird

fly into one of the electric street lamps

here. Yesterday I got permission to
let the lamp down and there, on the
switch board, I found a nest of the
English Sparrow. The nest contained
two fresh eggs. It doesn’t seem that a
bird would build its nest in such a
place; as the lamp has ‘to be lowered
and raised every day.’’

Cc. EK. Brown,
writes:

“In reply to ‘‘Aix Sponsa’s” article in
Feb. ’91, OoLoaist, [ would state that
the robbing of birds’ nest by boys is
also a nuisance in this part of the
country, and ought to be suppresed.
In this State it is almost impossible to
get a permit to collect for scientific pur-
poses. Now it seems to me that a man
wishing to collect for scientific purposes
should be allowed a permit by proving
that it is a scientific purpose that he is
collecting for. J also think that if per-
mits were granted to this class that
they would help to stop the destruction
of nests and eggs, as they would then
feel that they were not law breaking
themselves, and had some authority to
speak on the subject. Who is more in-
terested in the protection of the birds
than the true ornithologist and natural-
ist? And they do not feel like trying to
stop the small boy from robbing nests
at the cost somtime of exposing them-
selves. In this section there are plenty
of people that would be more pleased
to catch a man taking birds and eggs,
whether for scientific purposes or, not
and report him than they would a boy
robbing a nest for fun.”

of Beverly, Mass.,

>

A Trip to Pelican Island.

The morning of February 17, ’91, six
of us set out in the yacht Lida for Peli-
can island on which was quartered a
large colony of Brown Pelicans. This

THE OOLOGIST.

125

LS

island, four or five acres in extent, is a
low tract, barely above the water, and
offering excellent nesting sites for the
uncouth birds; it is situated in the
Indian river about twenty miles south
of Melbourne in Brevard County, Fla.,
and has been known as an assemblage
ground for Pelicans for many years.
There are not nearly as many birds to
be seen about the place as there were
formerly, but a suflicent number still
nest there to warrant an article for
your readers.
When our craft came within three
hundred yards of the shore the birds
began to get uneasy and when we had
approached within fifty yards of the
island an immense nnmber arose from
he surface and a few stunted trees and
flew about. It was not, however, until
a gun had been fired, that a good idea
of the colony could be had. Clouds
arose from the ground and settled on
the water, where they watched us on
shore. Most of the nests were built on
the ground and generally contained
two or three eggs or young, rarely four.
A few black mangroves offered support
for nests on branches from five to fif-
teen feet from the ground, They dif-
fered from those made on the ground in
haying many more and heavier twigs,
and formed with more of a hollow and
less in height. Many; nests on the
ground were built to 1 height of nine
or ten inches and one or two were over
afoot deep. Asarule the nests were
about two feet in diameter, but some
were larger by about five inches and a
and few were smaller. They were all
built of dead and dried grass, very
coarse and much resembled straw from
a distance. Some nests were construct-
ed very shiftlessly and not over four
inches high at the edge. Again many
were deeply hollowed. It was evident
from an examination of the structures
that the birds during incubation, invar-
iably sat on the nest in one position—
the head generally facing the water.

hin those nests containing large young

the nests was generally much beaten
down and greatly disarranged.

There must have been two hundred
nests containing eggs and young birds.
Many contained both eggs and young.
In many nests could be seen birds of ages
that varied from a few daysto two weeks
and in one instance the dissimilarity in
size of the young was so great that the
larger bird in the nest was endeavoring
to swallow his diminutive squab relative.
Wewere informed that when the eggsroll
from the nests there are frequent fights
resulting from anxiety of the birds to
gain eggs for their nests. In this man-
ner eggs are frequently introduced into
new nests and the emerging of the
young is correspondingly differential.
We secured about seventy eggs that
had not been incubated for our cabi-
nets. The young are fed entirely on
fish and the amount which a squab can
place itself outside of is truly astonish-
ing. One old one had thirteen fish in
its pouch.

In a careful estimate we agreed that
there were four thousand birds in the
colony and some of our party placed
the number as high as ten thousand.
Our stay on the island was not agree-
able on account of the stench arismg
from the decomposing bodies of the
Pelicans butchered by tourists, and the
fish. We could have killed hundreds
of birds, but our party contented them-
selves with ten good plumaged birds.

M: Gipss, M. D.

Michigan Ornithology.

In last number of. the OotoGist I
notice an article on ‘‘An Ornithological
Paradise,” decidedly interesting to me.
Michigan is a great state, one of mag-
nificent distances... ‘The whole state is
a paradise for the scientist, and as yet
there is much of the state that needs
careful exploration by him. There is a
great variation in surface, soil and celi-
mate, hence a great variation might be

126

THE OOLOGIST.

TET, Co CTE Te Tee Ta ie ir Ia I) ae

expected in the (Geology, flora and
fauna. A floral or faunal catalogue
mmade in one portion of the state will be
so different from one made in another
portion, that one might think it belong-
ed to another state.

Glancing through the article referred
to I notice names of birds either very
yare or unknown in my portion of the
State—the South-eastern.

T have not yet found any of the fol-
lowing species:

Cape May Warbler, Tennessee War-
pler, Orchard Oriole, Red-bellied Nut-
hatch, Wilson’s Black-capped Warbler,
Golden-winged Warbler, Oven-bird
Hermit Thrush, Magnolia Warbler,
Canadian Warbler, Nashville Warbler
and Maryland Yellow-throated and
Black-throated Blue Warblers.

As birds are by no means scarce here,
and of many species, I am led to believe
that a comparison of the catalogues of
the species found in Eastern and West-
ern Michigan, would be of a decided
interest to the Ornithologist.

It may be well to remember that
while the upper Peninsula may be bur-
ied beneath theee to six feet of snow,
and snow shoes be in every day use,
the ground may be bare in the South-
eastern portion of Lower Michigan, and
rain may be falling. The ground here
has been bare more than half of the
time this winter, while in the Upper
Peninsula the snow has been three feet
or more deep.

Pine woods are scarce here, still there
is one some fifteen miles to the North-
west upon the rather level summit of
the great moraine or ridge that crosses
South-east Michigan. Perhaps a fur-
ther study of these pine woods would
reveal many of the species I bave not
met with where I reside. Here upon
the eastern slope of the great ridge just
noticed, I find a journey of a few miles
shows a great difference in both flora
and fauna. For instance a few miles
east, and the plains of South-eastern

Michigan with their characteristic flura
and fauna—to me a decided monotony
—are reached.

Eastward and Northward hills and
valleys sueceed each other in rapid suc-
cession, the hills steadidly increasing in
height and steepness of slope, and an
immense number of lakes are found,
—450 in Oakland Co. alone—and of
course many streams. Soa great var-
iation of flora and fauna are found in a
journey of but a few miles.

WILFRED A. BROTHERTON.
Rochester, Mich.

A Duty to Perform.

Now that the collecting season is
actually here, and other things claim
our attention, let us still not forget to
do our duty by the English Sparrow.

As winter presents a specially good
opportunity for the direct destruction
of the bird. So summer presents an
equally good opportunity to prevent
their increase.

This is something that every collector
in the land can aid in, there being no
one, who cannot prevent these birds
from breeding in his special domain,
and the hearty co-operation of all col-
lectors, cannot but leave a marked
effect on the numbers of the “‘pest.”

Let us then not neglect a duty, so
easy of accomplishment, but each coy-
ering as much territory as possible, de-
stroy alike, nests, eggs, and young.

This may seem somewhat cruel, but
we should remember that itis the ruf-
fan element among birds. That we are
destroying those who if left to multiply
unchecked, will go on with the work
already so keenly felt in many of our
cities and villages.

The first Bluebird seen here this
spring, had scarcely been noted, before
the English Sparrows pitched on to
him, and forced him to move on.

A correspondent from Rochester
writes me that the first Robin which he

THE OOLOGIST.

127

noted in the city, was attacked by
“About ten millions English Sparrows,”
who did their best to make life miser-
able for him.

Let us then have these things sn mind
take them home to ourselves, and ask
ourselves if we wish the English Spar-
row to increase to the partial or entire
driving out of our own birds.

If there is any one who doubts the
charges made against.the English Spar-
row he need not take any one’s testi-
mony, but let him for one year care-
fully watch the life and habits of this
bird and he will become fullv convine-
ed, and I venture to say that whoever
he is, he will not hesitate to join the
ever increasing number, who proclaim
that the ‘‘English Sparrow niust go.”’

B.S. B.
Phelps, N. Y.

Gt. Horned Owl.

The Gt. Horned Owl is not a very
eommon bird here. At least I have
never been able to find it breeding in
any very great abundance.

The bird is very shy and seeks as a
nesting place some very retired place,
where its nest is to be found in some
lofty tree or else in some hollow rotten
limb in an almost inaeccessable one.

In my experience of collecting 1 have
found it nesting near a house or in a
small tree but twice, one of these times
it was in a small white oak, not
more than 12 feet from the ground in
an old crow’s nest. The nest contain-

ed two young Owls, about two or three |

days old.

The other instance the tree was a_ big
black oak that was hollow and had
been broken off about 15 ft. from the
ground, down in the hollow, about two
feet was the nest containing two eggs,
perfectly fresh. I found this nest on
April 15, 1891, the tree stood about 30
rods from a house.

I know of another tree where a pair

of Owls and a pair of Red-tailed Hawks
make a home every year, and are liable
to for some time to come, as that Oolo-
gist who “‘robs” their nest must be an
adventuresome one.

It is in the very top of a black oak,
about 75 feet high, the tree leans out
over a rocky gorge so that- the nest is
fully 125 feet from the ground. ‘The
old Owls are usually not very savage,
but sometimes they are very bold when
their nest is molested.

The eggs are nearly round and al-
most white, different eggs show gueat
variation in size and shape. They
average about 1.86 x 2.25 inches.

There seems to be no regularity im
the time of nesting, as I have found
nests containing young at least two
weeks old by the 26th of Feb., and
nests containing fresh eggs as late as
April, but the last of Feb. and the first
part of March seems to be the best
time.

A rap on the trunk of the tree is us-
ually enough to scare the old bird off
the nest. Sometimes the old bird will
stay on the nest until you climb up to
it, and sometimes they will leave the
nest before you see it. Whenever you
hear an old Owl hooting in the spring
you may feel pretty sure there isa nest
near the place.

The Gt. Horned Owl is more plenti-
ful here than the Barred Owl. Hoping
to hear more about the Owls through
the columns of the OoLoeist I will
close.

R. M. Frissey, Jr.
Sparland, Ill.

—<—_>_+____

——+

Enemies of Our Feathered Friends.

When standing in the dense under-
growth of some shady grove, where no
sound but that of nature is heard, do
you not often wish you were a bird,
with no trouble, no task, and have life
seem like a pleasant dream? Ido; but
_then as we look into the habits of the

128

THE COLOGIST.

warblers, whose lives seem so gay, Wwe)
find there are thorns on their roses
too.

First of all there is the cat, who is
seen creeping through the bushes try-
ing to jump upon some unfortunate
bird, who is not aware of its enemy.
Then there is the grass snake, who
glides with its flexible body through
the grass, trying to find the nest of
some bird who builds within its reach,
to suck its eggs or kill the young or the
old bird.

But worse than these or any other is
eollector, egg-hog, nest-robber, or any
other name you may apply.

Although I profess to be a collector,
I don’t collect in sets. Some of you
may say ‘‘not much of a collector,”
well, think so. If Ihave one egg of a
set and my data shows how many there
were in the nest, what do I want of
them all, are they not more valuable to
the bird than me?

There is a class of boys here, and
maybe there is where you live, who
don’t really collect eggs,but get all they
can in the spring, punch a hole in each
end and blow the inside out, put them
in a cigar box and let them lay around
all summer and throw them away in
the winter, so as to begin again in the
spring. Ihearda boy say he had 25
‘““Growney’s” eggs.

I think a nice collection of single
eggs, side blown, first-class, with data,
is a very nice thing to have and to keep
and to collect them is much better than
loafing around smoking cigarettes or
reading dime novels.

I take a great interest in birds, and
should like to learn about them with-
out robbing them of all their eggs.

GEO. R. CooLey,
Minneapolis, Minn.

+-_—~ — >

Queer Neighbors.

in
I stumbled over

While out collecting last May,
Northampton Co. Va.

an oddity in the way of a rookery, ten-
anted by Purple Grakles and Green
Herons. The former were much the
more numerous, their nests numbering
a hundred or more while the Herons
could probably muster no more than
twenty-five pairs.

The colony occupied a grove of small .
second growth pines, some twenty feet
in heighth, the nests of the Grakles in-
variably being placed up in the very
top of the trees while their less assum-
ing companions were content to dwell —
in the lower story, so to speak, their
“platforms” seldom being over ten feet
from the ground and loosely balanced
on the top of a horizontal branch. As
the breeding ground was some distance
from the water it was somewhat sur-
prising to find the Herons so numerous,
as in this locality they usually nest sin-
ely or in bunches of three or four pairs,
on the small islets that strew the shore -

In spite of their dissimiliar tastes, the
two species seemed to get on well to-
gether, possibly because most of them
were busily employed in feeding half-
grown young at the time of our visit.
This seemed to be true with all the gra-
kles, but some of the Herons had nests
filled with fresh sets of eggs. doubtless
the second attempts of those birds
whose earliest efforts had met with dis-
aster.

The difference in the behavior of the
young was very noticable. The young
Blackbirds were scattered indiscrim-
inately through the branches and over
the ground below, each one making
more noise than his fellow. Their lan-
ky neighbors on the contrary knew
enough to stay near home and could al-
ways be found, silent and _ perfectly

motionless, by the side of their miser-
able bed of sticks,the whole outfit form-
ing as comical a picture as one can find
in a month’s collecting.
THEODORE W. RICHARDS,
Washington, D.C.

| he

THE OOLOGIST. ‘ee :

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GILMAN. ILL.

A JOB LOT.

We have just purchased of the
manufacturers at less than actual
cost of plating, a lot of gold and sil-
ver plated charm rules, size and
graduations are as illustrated. We

have less than 75 all told and until

July ist (unless sold before) we

ut Will mail them prepaid at the fol-
lowing low rates:

oe

Silver Plated 15¢ regular price 50c
Goid es UC a Nurs.
% FRANK H. LATTIN,

WARD’S
Natural Science Establishment.

NBW CATALOGUHK OF
North American

Rnd Foreign
BINDS L2GGS

Eggs of the North and South African Ostrich,
South American Ostrich, Emeu, Casso-
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the Globe

ARE OFFERED IN THIS CATALOGUE.

ZEPIORNIS MAXIMUS (cast) from Mada-
gascar, one of these eggs is thirteen inches long,
will hold 2 gallons of water and is equal to 148
hens’ eggs. Price $3.00, with mounting #4.00.

Price of catalogue, 10c.

Ward’s atueal Ssi3as3 Establishment.
ROCHESTER, N. Y.

FOMIL

Ayr

10 Species, 85c; 20 for 75c; 35 for $1.50;
, 50 tor $3.00; 75 for 8.00, Ill. List.
"FRANK KINNE, Knoxville, Iowa.

OUR SPECIALTY | QN UNPARALLELED OFFER
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Any person sending
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(Bea rere erecta ere
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mi Ila
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Plant, Instantaneous
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(will be sold separately
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The entire package
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CURIO NOVELTY CO.

Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Y.

WM. G. SMITH,

—COLIECTOR OF—

Birds, Mammals and Edds,
LOVELAND, COLORADO.

I make a specialty of mailing birds same day

as skinned, or sent in the flesh after subjecting

them to a preservative preparation. Enclose
stamp for Price List. ;

NO@ PTO Rs

If you Want anything in the RUBBER STAMP
LINE. write to “FORD,” for prices. He will
furnish you a four-line stamp with pads and
ink for only 33c, post-paid. Address,

R.W. PORD,
BRISTOL, = =

CONN.

[= Japanese & Indian Silk Worm

Eggs for Seed, in Silk Culture.

Different species, also the celebrated Madras
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PROP, CARI BRAUN,
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BANGOR, x hs < MAINE.

400 yaRIETIES OF STAMPS $1.00

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ark or sale by ail Photo. Stock Dealers.

Send for Catalogue.

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PENSIONS

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Soldiers disabled since the war are entitled

Dependent widows and parents now depen-
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Late Com’r of Pensions, Washington. D. C,

Carr's Natural History and Bird Stores.

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CALIFORNIA MINERALS,

"SHELLS AND CURIOSITIES.
Minerals and Fossils from Dakota, Washing-
ton, Arizona, Colorado and the west.
ALASKAN CURIO.
We have alittle primer to send. 5c.
illustrated and samples are given with it.
L. HERTZ, & Co. Napa City Cala.
Daisy Advertising Bureau.

It is
18h
Prop’rs.

TO PRINTERS.—#250 worth of Brass Leads,
Cross-Rules, Dashes, Take-Slugs, ete. Will
trade for Real Estate, A-1 Safety Bicycle, or
good Personal Property. CHAS. TURTON,
Los Angeles, Calif.

HAVE youread Lattin’s ‘Exchange Extra-
ordinary’ in this OOLOGIST?

OR SALE.—Golden Eagle’s Egg. 37. pe
Bald Eagle's 4.50. Both first-class Eggs. D.
B. ee 104 Elm St.,, Manchester,N. H-

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Improves with every issue. Hight pages and
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PUBLISHER
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ton

Book for Advertisers.

Geo. P. Rowell & Co., of New York, publish-
ers of the American Newspaper Directory and
of Printers’ Ink, a journal for advertisers—the
oldest and best known of all the advertising
agencies—conduct their business insuch a way
as to make it amaterial benefit to both adyer-
tiser and newspaper publisher.

Every one who isin need of information on
the subject of advertising will do well to obtain
a copy of Geo. P. Rowell | & Co's “Book for Ad-
vertisers,”’ 368 pages, price one dollar. It is
mailed, postage paid, on receipt of price: and
contains a careful compilation from the Amer-—
ican Newspaper Directory of all the best papers —
in the United States and Canada. It gives the
circulation rating of every one and a good deal
of information about rates and other matters
pertaining to the business of advertising.

Whoever has made himself acquainted with
what may be learned from this book will admit
that from its pages one may gather pretty

much all the information that is needed to per-_
fect an intelligent plan of advertising. It is
not a complete newspaper directory. It is

much better; for although it names barely one-

third of the newspapers published, it does enu- ~

merate every one of the best and all that a
general advertiser is likely to have occasion to,
use.

Sar copy toJ OSEPH BE, BLAIN, Bingham- _

SEVEN NEW STYLES AND izes

4

\bubang snaees

ok a qr
Monthly. (ch s

ALBION, N. Y., JULY, 1891.

vA HAVE you read Lattin’s “Exchange Extra-_
Exchanges and Wants. ordinary”’ in this OOLOGIST?

Brief special anncuncements, “Wants,” “Ex- | WaNTED.—Natural History specimens of
‘changes” inserted in this department for 2c | nearly all branches, in large or small quant:
‘per 25 words. Notices over 25 words, enarged | ties “Will exchange specimens or supplies, or
‘at the rate of one-half cent per word. No | paycash. Send list with lowest prices. Ihave
notice inserted for less than 2oc. Notices | < me paper-cover *Davie’s Keys” to exchange. —
whieh are merely indirect methods of soliciting | 4 ~ GARR. Madison. Wis. Jes
‘cash purchasers cannot be admitted to these et
columns under any circumstances. Terms, BIRDS’ eggs in sets, including 375, 337, 676,
- cash with order. 751, 727, 428, and many others to exchange for —
ae : the same. J. WARREN JACOBS, Waynes- —
HAVE you read Lattin’s “Exchange Extra- | burg. Pa: Moat ig
ordinary” in this OOLOGIST?’ ae
= ; EGGS in full and original sets. with complete —
STAMPS or Eggs wanted. Have to exchange! gata. for Hawks, Owls. Terns. Gulls. and Hum-
2 sets 's Bald Eagle 3 sets 1-5 Gt. Blme Heron. | mers with same qualifications. JAMES H.
Clearing out. write at once. WM. PURDY. | TLL, Box 165. Edinburg. Il.
Aylmer. Ont.. Canada.

; TORE NOTICH :—Parties wishing sets or singles,
__D, BIGGAR. Fulton, Wis., wants big cents. | with datas. of eggs of this section will do well
_ Vniekles without cents. twenty cent pieces. old | to write to L. B. TOWN, Worthington. Minne-
dimes and quarters. Can exchange arrow- | gota. ;
heads, scrapers. eggs or skins.

9 ; =a I HAVE first-class California sets and singles
WANTED.—Sets with data. tor sets and sing- | to exchange for sets with data. Send list and

les. Send your lists and receive mine. An Op-| receive mine. ED. WALL, Box 473, San Ber-

portunity to get rare Southern eggs. Also | nardino. Calif. : ;

stamps to exchange. S. W. PARISH. Calvert,

“Texas. :

WISH me etaeti pe rorererwtarttr Arctic,
F mgs Roseate Tern’s Eggs; also Starfish. Sea Ur-
FOR EXCHANGE. Will exchange an egg of | chins, for Indian Arrow Heads or Western or
622 and 452 for either of 203, 619, 488. 394. A. O. 10K Southern Bird Kegs. VINAL N. EDWARDS. Ts
Data must accompany alleggs. They must al-| JR Woods Holl. Mass. : Viena
so be fresh. GEO. EF’. MIMS, P. O. Box 67. Ea- 3 tet
-defield, S. C. : WANED eee anaes Cardinals, Yellow- _
: ae birds, Hawks and Owls. Havetoexchangeone

TO EXCHANGE.—A 4 x 244 in chase printing | Tent’7 x7 feet, 10 oz.. West Point Standard —
press. Double roller and six fonts of type. all) Duck, 13-draw Achromatic Telescope. one 4x _
_ complete: also collection of stamps numbering | 5 Camera. one Ebony-handled Dagger (Solire-—

800 in Scott's album, for first-class birds’ eggs | oe, Steel ). one fine Saber and other articles. « rai
in sets with data. LOUIS KELLOGG. 450|few. THAD. SURBER. White alpha ;

Water St.. Kalamazoo, Mich. Springs mesiaen

FOR Re tee ee Hees, Hossils. a
Minerals. Curios.. etc. ill exchange for a Se 3 an ‘ 3 hese
‘Pent. good Shot-gun. Canvas Boat, Copper and | {ripest offers in eaae, LU KINGHY, SR ok
Silver Coin or anything ul. £ TéeSsss eS: et ieee 5 ta i Dane i
- HILL, Knoxville. Marion Co.. Ia. New Houston St.. Savanah, Georgia. : et

_ TO EXCHANGE.—Single Magpie Eggs for WANTED.— Minerals, Fossils. Indian Relics,

alte Meets fresh and salt water Shells. Corals, Curios.. for
. NEI 1 it Come ess, WILL BUR-| came: will exchange fine Fossils, also Pet Moss.

What am I offéred for a pair of live Guinea —

_ EXCHANGE.—I have stamps. fossils, curios. Bee ri M oe Mason City, Cerro
eggs to exchange for same. All letters answer- | TOPCO VO. towa.
eg R. BIRD, Lock Box 507. Mason City,| 76 EXCHANGE.—2% x 3% Printing Press |
> ; ay Italic Type. a SG ROLY DS, 1.50; Mounted
TO EXCHANGE.—One Plymouth air-gun, | Loon and Great Horned Owl. Electrical appar-
(value $2.00) in good condition, also ae atus, 1.00 Natural History Papers 10.00, $750.00
and Ruler Albums and set of four Albino eggs | Confederate money, for Eggs, Skinsorany
f Bluebird, for eggsin singles. Gun shoots | $004 personal property. No cards answered. —
B. B.” shot. E. HARDING. cf. C.J. FOSTER, | LETSON BALLIET, 1821 Center Street. Des
“Shreveport, La. Moines, Iowa.

pe

TO EXCHANGE.—One tame Great-hornea

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued.
HAVE youread Lattin’s “Exchange “Extra-
ordinary” in this OOLOGIST?

WANTED.—Subscriber’s for the Youth's
Companion. I give full information of the
paper with sample copy. GEO. L. GUGERT,
Wayne. Delaware Co. Pa.

FLORIDA EGGS and fine specimens of the
Florida Phosphate rock :to exchange for Indian
Relics. Minerals. Fossils or Curios. Send list
forsame, T. GILBERT PEARSON, Archer,

Fila.

TO EXCHANGE.—A pair of Climbing Irons
for Ornithological papers. sets of Eggs. ete.
What am I offered? W. LOUCKS. Box 478,

Peoria. 111.

EXCHANGE.—Have 1200 post marks in AL
bum. Weeden horizontal engine, 32 Birds. 107
Birds’ Eggs. to exchange for Compound Micro-
scope. Mounted Botanical Specimens. Send
list. G. A. RODMAN, Kingston. R. I.

TO EXCHANGE.—A live Eagle in perfect
condition. stretches 8 ft. 7 in.. weight 24 pounds.
Will exchange for the best offer. L. V. CASE,

Naples, N. Y.

TO EXCHANGSH.—Frst-class Birds’ Eggs in
sets with data. also singles. For eggs not in
my collection. Send list and receive mine. H.
SAYLES Jr., Abilene Texas.

TO EXCHANGE.—Live Prairie Dogs and
Coyotes. Colorado Miuerals, Coins. and Photos
of Souix Indians; for Indian Flints. Axes and
Curios.. Send wants and offers. H. STEPHEN-

SON, Lexington. Neb.

HAVE rare Beggs of Colorado to exchange for
microscope. field glass. college text books.
scientific works and other books. Must be in
good condition and cheap. H. G. HOSKIN,
Beloit. Colo.

TO EXCHANGE.—Heges. singles for singles,
also magic lantern worth $4.50, Send for de-
scription of eggs. Exchange lists. FRANK
WILLARD. 510 N. Cherry St.. Galesburg, 111.

TO EXCHANGE.-— Birds’ Eggs. singly and in
sets. [especially want Gulls. Terns. Petrels,
Cormorants. Herons. Rails, Hawks and Owls.
GC. B. JOHNSON, Red Wing, Minn.

TO EXCHANGE.—Two vols. Golden Days,
- set of Coopers’ Leather Stocking Tales, new
Seroll Saw with wood patterns ete. for banjo.
skates. fishing tackle. or other personal prop-
erty. S. K. FROST, Pawling, N. Y.

THE OOLOGIST.

“FOR EXCHANGE.—An A-1 Coues”

best offer of Eggs in sets with data.

KING, San Bernardino. Cal. : ea eg
2 phe

TO EXCHANGE.—700 first-class Eggs in sets.
of this locality; for Western Eggs.

Ontario. Canada.

FRAGMENTS of Petrified Bones of the Mast--
odon and Saurian. plainly showing bone tissue.
recently discovered in one of the canons of the-
Grand. also cactus plants in exchange for
ats Eggs.
Member Western Colo. Academy of Scie
Grand Junction. Colo. 7 mae

TO BXCHANGE.—The following first-class-

sets wiih data. A.O. U. Nos.: 208 1-5, 273 14
420 3-2. 418 1-2 5681-2 1-3. 337 1-2 1-3.and numerous
other singles and sets to exchange for first--
cass singles. MILO W. KIBBE, Princeton,.
as.

TO EXCHANGE.—First-class Birds’ Eggs im
sets and singles. and Stamps for same. FRED
a GREGORY, 1214 N. Court St.. Rockford.

TO EXCHANGE. — First-class mounted speei—
mens of Cooper’s Hawk, Red-Shouldered Hawk
Rutfed Grouse. for eggs in sets with data: write.
what you have forexchange. GEO. V. SMITH
Tioga, Tioga Co.. Penna. : 7

FOR EXCHANGE.—First-class eggs in sets
collected by myself on the lower Rio Grande,
Texas. A. O. U. Nos.—335, 341, 325. 326, 311, 419.
421, 573, 706, 707, 289b, 293a. 319, 594. 487, 512 an@
others. Will exchange with reliable collectors.
for eggsin sets that I can use. D. B. BUR--
ROWS, Lacon, Illinois. ;

Address, PAUL E. KENNEDY,

i j Send lists —
and receive mine. J. S. SQUARE, Stratford,

FOR EXCHANGE. Elegantly finished pho-

tographs of nests and eggs of the following
birds: Wood Thrush, Wilson’s Thrush, Oven
bird, Whip-poor-will, Ruffed Grouse. Indigo
Bird. Worm Eating, Nashville. Blue-wing. Yel-
low. Black and White and Chestnut-sided War-—
blers. and: many others to exchange for sets.
that Ican use. Send lists. H. W. FLINT. ecare-
Yale National Bank, New Haven, Conn.

YES! I want a good 22 or 32 cal. Rifle, for-
which I will give a bargain in Eggs, sets of sin-
gles. My list contains Barn Owl 1-4. Sereech ©
Owl 1-5. Burrowing Owl 1-9, Marsh Hawk. 1-5
Night Hawk 1-2. Chewink 1-4, Cardinal Gros—
beak 1-4. Chickadee 1-7. W. Meadow Lark 1-5.
Kingfisher 1-7, Scarlet Tanager 1-4, Killdeer 14
Leaches’ Petrel 1-1: Prairie Horned Lark 1-20

Downy Woodpecker 1-5, Prairie Hen 1-12, Bar--.

tramian Sandpiper 1-4, ete., with full data_
Send full description of gun. and list of what
you want to MILFORD PEW. Hebron. Neb.

TO EXCHANGE.—First-class original sets of
(A. O. U. Nos.) 12 1-1,16 1-1, 29 1-2. 31a 1-1, 120e 1-3,
122b, 1-3 1-4, 294 1-17, 360 1-4 15. 378c 1-3, 378 1-6, 413
1-4. 431 1-2 and nest. 464 1-4, 466 1-4, 499 1-4 500 1-4,
Ob 1-4, 51%e 1-5, 530 1-4 1-5, 531 1-4 1-5. 581d 1-4,
591 b 1-4. 596 1-3 1-4, 99 1-3, 652 1-5, 6&5a 1-4. 715 1-5.
721b 1-7, 733 1-5 1-7, 742a 1-3, 748a 1-6, 758 1-4; for
other first-class original sets. FRED A.
SCHNEIDER. College Park, Cala.

TO EXCHANGE.—The following first-class
Eggs all in sets and singles the number written
-3 Shows number of eggsin set, In exchange I
Want only first-class sets with full data. A. O.
U. Nos. 12-1, 16 -1, 29 -1, 128b -2 -3, 378¢ -2 -3 -4, 431
-2 and nest. 466 -4, 476 -4 -6 -7 -9, 499 -4. 508 -3. 510
-4 -5, 580 -3 -4, 552a -4 -5. 581d -3. 591b -3 -4, 596 -3 44.
599 -3 -4, 652 -4 -5, 721a -5 -6 -7, 758 -3 -4. Also sec-
ond class eggs of 16. CORY CHAMBERLIN,
College Park, Santa Clara County, Calfi.

‘WANTED—To exchange Fossils, Mounted
birds and skins. Eggs singles and sets also_

Magic Lantern with 200 views, watch. ete., for

Minerals. Fossils. Bird eggs. and skins, confed--
erate money. relics, coins, stamps. Sea Shells.
and Curios. Write quick with list. correspon--
dence answered. W. A. & W. E. BRYAN, New
Sharon, Iowa. 2

FOR EXCHANGE.—Auk Vols. Land VII, al—
so No. 4, Vol. V; O. & O. for 87. ’88, ’89, "90: twe
sets of first three Nos. of O. & O. Semi-Annual;
a fine egg cabinet holding 192 trays'’3 x 4 inches:
7 doz. trays. 2 doz. 6x 4; book of datas: pair of
Buffalo horns; first-class ostrich egg; Prang’s
Natural History Series of birds. mammals an@
flowers (colored plates in holders) ; and hunting
coat. Will exchange above for books on Nat--
ural History. EDWARD P. CARLTON, Wan--
watosa, Wis. ‘i

‘j

THE OOLOGIST. 133

EXCHANGE EXTRAORDINARY.

THIS OPP AR KAXPIRAS ON AUG, 15, 1891.

I want at once the following first-class eggs, either in singles or in sets, in exchange at 1890
prices, or if in sets, I will allow 10 per cent. above these prices, in exchange for the articles men-
tioned below. Eggs taken in large or small quantities. No exchange amounting to less than
$1.00 can be ‘‘bothered with” unless 10 cents additional is enclosed for return postage and pack-
ing. If you have any of the rarer species to offer send lists. Species wanted, Ridgway s Nos. :

2, , 26, 27, 41, 42, 47, 50, 51, 56, 68, 99, 128; any of the rarer Warblers, 157. 168, 193a, 197, 198, 198a,,
214, 217, 248, 251, 257, 277, 278, 278b, 293, 3806, 301, 320, 326; any of the Hummingbirds, 353.
354, 357, 361, 382, 385, 387, 388; any of the Owls, Hawks, Hagles or Vultures. 459, 465. 473. 482, 483 ;
any of the Herons, 497, 498, 501, 505, 507, 516, 520. 525, 552, 555, 557, 569, 971, 572, 574, 578, 582, 583, 601,
609, 618, 618, 634, 640; any of the Cormorants, 649, 650, 664, 666a, 668, 673, 679, 681, 686, 687, 688, 690, 693,
721, 723, 729, 736, 760, 761, 763a, 522, 231, 204, 315, 460. ‘ : ‘

We will accept any species not mentioned above at ONE-HALF 1890 prices. H

In return for the above, I will give any of the following articles, specimeas or supplies at the
prices quoted.

Jokers Photow Canin decease eee eee eee 225
SU CIES. “O. K.” Parer and Slicer 25

Brass Blowpipe../-..---<---2.c2/2-2.2--20-s22 === -25 | Fountain Pen (every collector should carry

Imperfect Blowpipe... sed ctl) || Gyavenrban ints jaOVeCEN)),,

INGO HG Sie OO) 1 estes Den ee eee cee ssceeec nae .. 08] Students’ Outfit (Pen, Penholder, Lead and
eee LOND iamelth cp) pai yistas se .. 12] Slate Pencils, and 6-in. Rule)... 15
** 8, 15-100 ‘ : Gea au os ae
“4, 18-100 ‘ Op Sua eee BS Bits 5
Peo, oe a 20 BIRDS’ EGGS.

Nickel - plated 4% in. Embryo Hook ...... .30 i ie

100 eee and Return Ex. Sheets......... _ ener Ga ope cps Sebstushecosoee -Seestacaeeesctesta ste:

By OG CT SC CUS vaneene see eee ease a) G45)))| =a ‘ PTE Pais pee ee RU Gy Romar

MOnaiSAds tk al. “45 | Limpkin, extra fine, 2nd-class.....

‘ Si, Barrow’s Golden-BKye........ SO a
‘“ Beye Blank S: Agported a Vi aH Noddy Tern, set of one, with data
SES Vio Diicas sepcneb aetaeoscassiasasas8e5 -- es Sooty on 66 be oh oo “6 ey
“ Taxidermist’s Labels..........-. --..- Hey 23) he Ey aios
Oologist’s Hand-book, 1885... ........ 15 | American Bared Grebe ......2.--2-2.-2---------

Nee i ATMEVICANES COLC Tee is een eee LL tous
Hand-book on Insect Collecting....... 15 SPH SHAUN EIT: GREW) cei ues es

17 Back Numbers Oonoctst...... ©
OOLOGIST (no prem.) from date to Jan. 91.50 | American Beau Duck

“ with “Oy for one year... 1.00 White-winged Dov ey, ernie ofl
Card for one Ex. Notice in the OOLOGIST. 339) Avicaeaen oldanen j

A few Incomplete Copies of Maynard’s
“Birds of Eastern North America,” newly
bound in boards and leather, (Publisher’s

Velvet Scoter
Tufted Titmouse..

Gast ELGeI O10) wate re wee Lama 15.00 | Carolina VMI coos se dabe sso tbe ches aseeteson eee
SPECIMENS. FOREIGN EGGS.
Club-spined Wrcehin, very fine... $ .50:| Bul-bul. from Phillipines... $1.00
Ege Case of Periwinkle....... iowa -25 | Black-headed Weaverfinch............... enya)
Bucky, Moothrot Codfishs "27.2 8. a2 obe2 os} aibueoyateena Isiayelkovingoly | a 15:
Starfish, Martha’s Vineyard, fine................. 225 gs Song Thrush..__... a NTS
Pod of Sabre Bean, very curious. ................. -35 | Ruddy Sheldrake................ Bs 2 SARL NN 50
Rajah or Beetle Nut........... os = jal) MedeBlackeheadedsG uli a en ee 35.
Brown-banded Sea Bean............ ee PLO Baral yet a UTs Coe eee ee ep oe 25
IRLEGL (Sieteh TSI Ha eee ey ee ae meee eee ea 03) go> Continued on next page.
Grange aye ars. Sele a 8a dy Oe) et .03
Trilobite (Calymene Niagrdensis) ................. 25] If you desire to obtain anything on the above
Scaphites,from Bl’ck Hills,choice,desirable .30 | list in exchange, send on your eggs at once. If
esumrectiom Me Lamt eee es -15) you have no eggs, but have other desirable
Barnacle, Pacific, choice double specimens .25| specimens in quantity, write what you have,
Polished Agate, pendant..............2............ ... -%)| with price; or will exchange for collections of
Indian Pottery, fine specimen...................... -20| fine Postage Stamps or second-hand Books on
Sea Fan, 6 in., extra fine.. 39 | Natural History, or choice Indian Relics.
AP ALOT Oot, mes Wye tt Maley ei -20| Only first-class Specimens accepted at any

100 Foreign Stamps, all different .30 | price, all others returned at sender’s expense.

A Desirable Flat Sea Urchin from Zebu We will receive hundreds of packages in an-
eames onl gon Seesaw he ee .20| Swer to this exchange and if you do not write
Sea Horse, very fine-.: oe -50| your name plainly on the outside of the pack-
Fossil Polyp Coral... .2)| ages you send, your exchange will be delayed

HVOSSIES Com WiieC bnime een ene! Fite. .20| and packages possibly lost.
Mee of Slate... iss 12 This offer will hold good until July 15th only.
Pera ca T ce) em NaS le Na ies pe ee Send on your specimens at once in large or
‘* Hammerhead or Leopard Shark...... 29] small quantities, it makes no difference to us
King or Horse-foot Crab...............: eee eee -39/ Whether you send $1.00 or $100.00 worth, but if
less than $1.00 worth, 10 cents extra must be en-
NOVELTIES. closed for return postage and packing.

Large quantities shipped by express or

PGT CPEs OWVN JUL es rate ee AINE Tse atl etl A freight, must be prepaid. Address,

Collectors’ Puzzle Whistle

Gatapuit Gun, iton frame &] FRANK H. LATTIN,
Box Pharaoh’s Serpent Eggs.......... afaik
25 Best Assorted Fish Hooks...............22-..---. .20 ALBION, N.Y.

134

4

THE OOLOGIST.

EXCHANGE EXTRAORDINARY Continued.

The following Shells are included in our Ex-
changé Extraordinary offer.

SHELLS.
All Extra Fine Bright Specimens.

DIV biMnveannys ct Chil ch bch seer te snes ee eee neem
Cyprea helvoia............. ----2:+-2-2-----+----

isabella.......- Be

oe talpa...-....- te

ie TN ONE Das o eee Re eee male
Mileraoevalaenen Je hnisren shel ak ee ane Si galls)
_ WB iuiney ojos), Toye UUIEY = Pees ee Shee aati es ase Bld
MUS ONG OV CO OY; eee re eee Alo
Oliva fusiformis. ... mille
CEPR GE Te UCN es ce mates eter Saslaine av er ee ore 15
HSS RTS FO CII ce eee a Re eee eee eee 15
COMMA elicits ess sh sene oak en eee 10
Fissurella barbademnsis..--..-..2...-..---..-.. a > Bal)
fSharifoy ovata), Fealisy alls) (gee 8s esate poaom eect eene rece 10
Dentallum entalis. ........... -05
Strombus bituberculata......-......-....-----. ------ stp)
TES eI ae TO Natio oa UL eee ere ee ee eae 20
Apporhais pes-pelicami __._..-.-.-.-.-..-.-.-.-------.- 10
ING ree eh TOSMUSHE OMNIA ess Sa eo eens 10
TEAiOVeReY, IamlonSh we eee eS Se a ae ee -5O.
Voluta vespertilio .. *)
Ovula oviformis....... .oD
Turbo chrysostomus.. eh)
OCre THis WOKEN GIO DISaaa is ease ena aU eam SES Lae .60
INGe vata), VOWS) oye WHC), haha cece sm sees casaseete et oee Lee 50
Teli ZIM SIS 2 ee enc ene ds) Lee bee Ue E Ree 0)
TSioUbnaD TS) Cle yOlaN AUIS, A eos ee oe hoc tes Avia)

{mail on receipt of price.
N Agents Wanted.

a IR. W. FORD, Bristol, Conn.

<S ps &C

"e)
iFIC NG
ENT AMER vi |

Marks, Copyrights, sent
Address FAUNN &

S361 Broadway,
SS New York.

CHEAP BARGAINS.

Sets 4 Acadian Flycatcher - 25¢
* 5 Am. Crow = - = = 10e
“10 Prairie Hen - - - - 50c

All sets first-class and accompanied by data.
All orders amounting to less than 50c must be
accompanied by 5c extra for postage. JAMES
HILL, Box 125, Edinburg Ills.

of price.—HUMPHREYS’ MEDICINE CO.,
Cor. William and John Sts., N. ¥.

Rare California Views.

Enclose stamp for catalogue. Sample of
views will be sent upon receipt of 25 cents.

California Art Gallery, Santa Rosa, Cal.

Exotic Butterflies and Moths

In brilliant colors and of rare beauty, from India,
Australia, Africa and South America for cash or
half cash and half in rare eggs or fine bird skins,

Also fine cocoons from other countries. Send 5¢
for catalogue. State what you want distinctly.
Absolutely no attention paid to postal cards. Cols
lections made up in cabinets for museums and
colieges, containing all the classes of insects
from every clime. We have the largest stock of
Lepidoptera in New England and charge the low-
est prices in the United States.

PROF.CARL BRAUN,

NATURALIST,
BANGOR, - MAINE.

an ; =A

Thousands of customers in every State will testify tothe
{uality of VICK’S SEEDS. Don’t be annoyed with inferior
roods. Vick’s Floral Guide, the best issue ever print:
1d, contains 100 large pages, colored plates, Grand Novel-
ies, worthy of cultivation. Send 10 cents for copy, deduct
‘this amount from first order and it costs nothing. Cash
arizes 21000 and 2200.

JAMES VICK

Carr’s Natural History and Bird Stores,

Taxidermy, Bird Skins and Eggs, Shells,
Gurios, Minerals, Fossils, Indian Relics and
Naturalists’ Supplies ;Singing and Fancy Birds,
Talking Parrots, Goldfish and Aquarium
Stock. Send Stamp for Catalogues, Price lists,
and Publications.

Cc. F. CARR,
Jeti Madison, Wis,
Pub. of Wis. Naturalist, 50c per year. .

SEEDSMAN, Rochester, N. ¥-

“a THE

VOL. VIEL.
Some Florida Notes.

Where is there a collector in the
United States who has not a strong de-
sire to visit Florida and add rare birds
and eggs to his collection? For over a
quarter of a century the writer has
longed for a chance to go there and
spend a few of the winter and spring
months, and during the past season I
was gratified in my great desire. It
‘occured to me that some of the readers
of the OoLocist would like to hear
something of that land and of its crea-
tures, and though I cannot occupy suffi-
cient space in the valuable columns to
give much of an idea of the country, I
ean still offer a few suggestions and
draw a few comparisons, which to the
wise will certainly be worth consider-
ing, and I may add _a little advice to
those who contemplate a trip there.

Bald Eagles breed in abundance in
Florida, but a number of full-sized
young, which I saw in late February,
led me to think that the eggs were laid
in December, according to general re-
port. Brown Pelicans and _ several
species of Herons breed in immense
colonies and the eggs may be gathered
till one is tired, howeyer, the majority
of species of birds use the same prtecau-
tions to hide their nests that they do at
the north, and I often thought were
even more careful to conceal them.
Even with one’s best endeavors, and
one can collect every day from Febru-
ary first till June, not nearly as large or
varied series of bird’s eggs can be taken
as at the north in the same time.

To be sure J am now past the impul-
Sive age of youth, still I have the same
boyish spirit that pressed me a score of
years ago. A new bird gives me as
much pleasure now as then, and my in-
terest does not appear lessened. And

OOLOGIS T's

Seer C EE eee

ALBION, N. Y., JULY, 1891.

No. 7

for these reasons I was all the more dis-
appointed,when only 67 species of birds
were recorded on my note book in over
three month’s time, and of these birds
52 were known to me in my native
state of Michigan.

It is needless to say that very little
escaped my eye in any quarter I visited
and I traveled over 1,000 miles in the
state, and from the northern boundary
to within three degrees of the tropics
on the south, both on the coast and in
the interior. When it is a common
thing for me to note over seventy spec>
ies of birds on a spring day in Michigan
and I have once recorded 83 birds, the
largest number recorded one day,* it is
no wonder that disappointment should
result in this poor showing.

Now it is not my intention to belittle
Florida in the eyes of Collectors or
other tourists, on the contrary it is a
wonderful state in many respects, and
as a winter resort cannot be beaten.
All that Iam anxious to impress upon
my readors, many of whom have heard
much of the south and are very desir-
ous of visiting Florida, is that it is not
the wonderful paradise of Collectors
that it is claimed, and allow me to sug,
eest to the hundreds of oologists
throughout the north, that there is just
as much glory in working in your local
haunts as in trying to cover ground far
from home.

The average length of time which an
egg collector is engaged in the work is
four or five years, to be sure a few last
longer and a very few stick to it for a
period when they may really, fairly be
called oologists, but these scientific col-
lectors are unfortunatly quite scarce,
the common ephemeral egg crank, who

*One day in May 1879 we noted 88 species be-
tween the hours of 4a. m. and 7 p. m. in Ottawa
County, Mich.

136

THE OOLOGIST.

Coe ET TTT Te I Ta

rarely gets higher than the lower stage
of mediocrity, being in the vast major-
ity. Yet all of these oologists and nu-
merous collectors of eggs have a duty
to perform and a work to do, which if
properly followed will redound to their
credit, as well as give pleasure to the
students of the science.

“Dear bought and far fetched” is an
expression we hear frequently and is
unfortunately applicable too often to
collectors of birds, eggs and other cab-
inets of natural history specimens.

The sooner a boy or man learns that
his field of labor as well as pleasure lies
all about him in the ornithological and
vological line, the better, for attention
and study given even to one of our com-
mon birds is more to be commended
than the purchase of a whole collection
of [celandic or Australian eggs.

Now another word before I. close.
Don’t forget the OoLogisr. Support it
by your example, as well as with your
eash subseriptions and field notes.

Don’t forget to pay when called upon.

for your dues. Neither should you
‘complain if your articles are not accept-
ed or published. Try again and you
willimprove and succeed. The little
OoLogist has done more than any
other magazine in its line to elevate and
promote oology and should be patron-
ized by every lad interested in natural
history.
SCOLOPAX

> ++ <>

The New Era in Ornithology.

To those who have studied birds fora
quarter of a century or more, the aston-
ishing development of interest in orni-
thology on this Continent during the
past century is most gratifying.

It seems but yesterday when
Nuttall and Audubon were about the
only authorities on the birds of this
country. No paper, no pamphlet nor
periodical of any kind came to bring us

Wilson, |

tidings, either new or old about the
birds.

Literature on this subject was so expen=
sive, so unavailable to the student of
ordinary means, that he was compelled
to do without the charming aid of book
instruction and companionship.

By and by the grand work of Baird,
Brewer and Ridgway made-its appear-
ance, containing so much new matter
that the above named works seemed
antiquated, but this work was also toa
expensive for the common reader.

But few of the lovers of birds could
pay $50 for their reading matter.
Meanwhile Samuel’s work in a single
volume, made its weleome appearance,

Then that new departure of close analy-
litic method, Coues’ Key came toa

hand, moderate enough‘in priee, to be
within the reach of most bird students,
Still there was no single handy volume
on the birds of Eastern North America,
with enough analysis to guide the com-
mon reader, and affording pleasing bi<
ographies of enough species to make
the book at the same time fine consecus
tive reading and an adequate reference,
It is needless to enumerate the works
now before the public, on the habits of
the different species of birds in our
country, while the number of periodi.
cals now greeting us on every hand,
bear ample testimony to the aspiration
of authors on this subject. A few years
since one could almost count on his fin.
gers the writers who were able to speak
to the public on bird life, but now one
is greeted by new names all over the
country of persons, who can tell us
something gratifying, often something
new about our feathered friends. We
hail with joy the rising brotherhood in
our favorite science. A happy people
indeed must the lovers of. nature ever
be. For them a pure and peculiar well.
spring of joy, gushes up here and there
all over the land, a fountain sealed ‘to
all else of the multitude of mankind.

But why do we not know each other

|

THE OOLOGIST.

137

better? Is not the time fully come, for
a grand fraternity of bird students all
over the continent? The American Or-
hithologists’ Union is excellent for the
savants in the science, but we of the
laity must stand in the outer porch of
associate memcership, or stay out-doors
entirely, if we are too indigent to raise
$3.00 per year for the ‘“‘Auk.”

- Let us who are of the people, aye,
‘even those who are in the ‘‘primer” of
Ornithology, strike hands and with a
grandeur of enthusiasm, that can stand
ulike in the icy cold of winter and the
burning heat of summer, talk with each
‘other continually along the various
lines of enquiry.

Some of us here in Washington and
Vicinity have been trying for several
months to lay the foundations for such
a fraternity. Sickness has hindered
some of us from doing our part to push
the work rapidly, and the undertaking
being one that requires thought and
tact, we find ourselves obliged to move
slowly. It will probably be some
months hence, before we can decide up.
‘on the details of the membership. The
most difficult part of the organization
will be in respect to corresponding
members—how to attract them with
mutual advantage and how to secure
an active fellowship at a distance. In
other words, what can we do for them,
and what can they do for us? Through
some chosen periodical we can give
them the results of our researches; we
can advise them of the information,
which reaches the various institutions
at Washington, concerning the birds of
North Ameriea or the world, and we
ean reply to correspondence, inquiries,
ete. such as can be answered better
here, with our immense resources, than
elsewhere.

| little shy.

one here wants to make any money out
of ornithological students. In other
words the most difficult points are the
choice of a periodical which shall talk
best to the largest number, and fixing
of dues for corresponding membership,
such as they can conveniently pay and
will at the same time enable the eorres-
ponding secretaries to give due atten-
tion to enquiries.

Any suggestions from friends at a
distance on these points will be most
welcome.

J. H. LANGILLE,
Kensington, Md.

The Amusing Antics of a Pair of Brown
Thrushes.

A few years ago I had the pleasure of
securing two young Thrushes for pets.
I took the nest before they could fly,
and placed it in a large wire cage.
Where in a few hout’s time, they would
take the food from my hand as readily
as from the beaks of the parent birds.
They soon evinced a great fondness for
their captor, and would flutter against
the wires of their prison when I would
leave them, as though begging to go
with me. Sometimes I would take
them out, when they would cuddle
down in my hand to sleep, as content-
ed as two kittens. When they became
almost grown they seemed so tame, I
eoncluded to turn them out and see if
they would go away. They never off-
ered to leave the trees and shrubs near
the house, until late in the fall, when
they became very restless, and also a
They would perch high on
some tree top, uttering loud cries, as
though trying to attract the uttention
of others. Each night they would re-
turn to their cage to roost, but each

¥ raps : | : mie
But no one can answer all these let-| day would go farther and farther from
ters of inquiry, without a few stamps,/home, and seemed to loose all their
a little stationery, and a contribution of| cunning playful tricks. I became sus-

Valuable time, which his circumstances
may not allow him to loose.

Yet no |

picous that they were preparing to take
their departure for a sunnier clime than

138

THE OOLOGIST. |

a aD no

that (Eastern Indiana) and shut them
in their cage. They did not relish that
a bit, and at first refused to eat, how-
ever, they soon got over that, but would
strike savagely at my hand whenever
placed near them, and soon began
fighting between themselves. I saw
that would not do so I turned the most
quarrelsome one out again, thinking I
could drive it away. But it was not
going to be treated that way,and would
persist in coming into the house at
night

One night I thought I had succeeded
in shutting it out, but next morning it
crept out from under the treadle of the
sewing machine and flew onto the table
to help himself to breakfast, The fol-
lowing night I felt sure that I had him
shut out, as I could not find him any
place. Next morning he was nowhere
to be found, and I concluded he was
gone, but to my surprise, about eleven
o'clock he erept out of a fold in a win-
dow curtain, where he had been con-
cealed all night and morning, and
perched on a chair back, with such a
saucy triumphant air, as though to say
“You might as well give up.” I con-
cluded then to let him stay, and turned
the other one, out again. They never
attempted to go away after that.

One of them reminded me of a mis-
chievous stuborn child more than any
thing I ever saw in the bird family. It
would get into everything it could find
in a pan or dish uncovered, and was es-
pecially fond of getting into flour.
When punished for any of its mischiev-
ous tricks it would get on a window
sill or on the roof and pout for hours at
a time. It could not be induced to
either walk or fly. If we would set it
on its feet it would fall over as though
perfectly helpless. I went into the kit-
chen one day to find that “brownie”
had. been in a dish of boiled starch, and
a more comical picture of abject misery
would be hard to imagine,
starch had partially dried, plastering

for the |

every feather to its body. Its inguisit~
iveness proved fatal at last and brought.
it to an untimely death in a water tank.
The other one was not so inquisitive,
but his propensity for stealing and hid-
ing small articles was equal to any
crow. Thimbles, buttons, matches,
carpet tacks and all such things were.
always missing when needed. He.
would get into the work basket, and
everything small enough for him to lift
would have to be thrown out on the
floor.

He took great delight in unwinding.
spools of thread by catching the thread
in his bill, and either flying or running:
as far as he could, then going back to
the spool and taking a new start. Ifno
one happened to see him he would un-
wind a whole spool without stopping.
I had kept him four years, when a
neighbor’s cat sprang in at the open
door one day and caught my little pet,
I got the bird but it was dead, and the
cat came to an end a few hours later.

Mrs. LinLie CONLEY PLEAS.
Clinton, Ark.

The Chewink in Orleans County.

By Nein F. Posson, Mepina, N. Y.

There is an old proverb to the: effect.
that ‘an unlucky copper always hap~
pens around when it is not looked for,”
—or something like that. Well‘—that’s,
a very true saying, as I know all the
readers of the ‘“‘OoLoaisr” will agree,
when they find who is the author of
this article. 3

The OoLoaisT has not heard from me
lately,—not on account of any lack of
interest on my part, but more on acx
count of lack of time and opportunity;
but moro chiefly (and if the truth were
told without reserve) the reason of my:
silence is purely because of my sym-=
pathy for the many readers of the little.
journal.

I presume I would’nt have “‘happeneg

THE OOLOGIST.

139

around” yet, if it hadn’t been for my
reading in the June ‘number on Page
122, something about a nest of the Che-
wink being found about two miles
south-west of Albion by K. B. Mathes.

Now I believe it is the custom always,
that whenevea anyone reports thh ‘‘first
recorded set” of any species, that some-
one else just “happens around” and
Claims a previows record. J think that
that has come to be the universal cus-
tom. Now, Iam not going to do that,
but I would just like to call the atten-
tion of all interested to a short note on
page 163 of the August, 1890 OoLoGisT
which relates the taking of a nest of the
Chewink near Medina.

The note referred to was in the edi-

torial column of that number; and I:

quote it here,—‘‘Just as we are going
to press, a ‘small boy’ comes into the
office of ‘ye Associate Editor’ and dis-
plays an egg which he found and gives
a deseription of the bird and nest, and
Wwe are convinced that it is the Che-
wink. This is valuable in that this is
rather a northerly breeding-place for

this bird and this is the first instance of

its breeding here, ete., etc.”
Now I don’t know as that set found
in 90 was properly ‘‘recorded,” it being
found by no-one more significant than
a ‘“‘small boy” and neither parent birds
taken. However, I would like to add
in regard to that set of eggs, that it was
a set of fowr; that the ege brought me
by the boy, was an egg of the Chewink;
and that his careful and accurate des-
eription of nest and parent-bird were
as good and perfect identity as the
“most cautious could desire, even if the
egg had not spoken unmistakeablly for
itself. And so I hardly think that the
nest found near Albion by Mr. Mathes,
ean be called the ‘first recorded nest”
found in our County, since the August,
1890 OoLoaist, spoke of the above
found nest near Medina.

No, I think,
itis true in this (as in most other things) !

Please do not understand me as
claiming the honor of this achievement.
I did not find the nest, nor is it any-
thing to me, further than that I think
that out of justice to science, May 24,
1891 ought not to be considered as the
earliest record of Pépilo’s breeding in
our county.

IT regret that 1am unable to give the
date of the taking of the Medina, nest,
but it was quite late in the season of ’90.

And now, as to just what the status
of Pipilo erythrophthalmus in our county
is, I think that it just reaches the limit
of its northern migration here, and
that Orleans County is situated just in
the northern suburbs of its hubitat, we
being visited only by a few of the most
northerly migrating pairs.

Myr. J. L. Davison, of Lockport, in
his Annotated List of the Birds of Niag-
ava County (September, 1889) speaks
of this bird in the following words, viz:
“A rare summer resident. On May 1
and 10, 1886, I saw and secured the first

I had seen of this species, both females.

On June 14, 1887, [saw a male and fe-
male; did not succeed in finding a nest.
but coneluded that they breed here.”
(Niagara County I might add, adjoins
Orleans County directly on the west,
and as regards latitude and other con-
ditions relative to the migration of the
Chewink, it is just the same in all par-
ticulars.

In the List of the: Birds of Buffalo
and Vicinity by W. H. Bergtold, M. D.,
we find in regard to the Chewink: ‘‘Tol-
erable common. Breeds.” But when
we consider that this list of the Birds of
Buffalo and Vicinity includes notes
from a very large vicinity, and that

leven such southern counties as Cattar-
laugus and Chatauqua are included in
ithe word ‘‘vicinity,” we

are not sur-
prised to find Pipilo rated as a trifle
more common in that list.

Tam of the opinion that we would

that Medinaw has the start of Albion. not have to go far south of our county

|

140

THE OOLOGIST ~—

to find the Towhee Bunting increasing
appreciably in numbers.

We are peculiarly located (as I take
it) just on the north edge of the Che-
wink’s habitat. The bird arrives quite
early. The first one I ever saw, was
noted on the 7th. of April (1888) and I
think that that is about the date of its
arrival in these parts.

The Yellow-billed and Black-billed Cuckoos.

In this vicinity both of the Cuckoos
named above are quite common. The
Black-billed, although considered the
rarer through the country as a whole,
is, I think the more common of the two
here. Itmay be distinguished from the
Yellow-billed by its different figure,
being thicker and perhaps a trifle short-
er bodied, and by Its darker plumage
Also, as its name signifies, by its dark
colored bill. Its nesting place is ever-
green bushes, such as cedar and hem-
lock bushes but its favorite nesting
place is in pine shrubs where it builds
a loosely made nest of sticks lined with
afew leaves. It lays from two to five
eggs in this nest which is from four to
six feet from the ground. :

The Yellow-billed Cuckoo is a trim-
mer built bird than the Black-billed.

Its bill is yelloy and curved downwards

and the bird has light spots on the
underside of its tail. Its favorite nest-
ing place in this vicinity is in beech or
hardhack saplings from five to ten feet
from the ground. Its nest resembles
the Black-billed. The cry of the birds
are much alike being something like
“COW-CGO COW-COO” several times
peated varying to a clucking sound
when driven from the nest. Either
bird will stay on its nest till one is very
near them. It is not uncommon to find
an egg of either bird in the others’ nest.
The number of eggs of the Yellow-bill-
ed are from two to four. :

W. E. AIKEN,

Benson, Vt.

re-

Changes in Michigan Orinthology.

In less than twenty years a great
change has come over the flora and
fauna of the south-eastern portion of
Michigan. Of course a similiar change
has taken place in a large portion of
the state, but I propose to notice more
especially the changes in the “ornithol-
ogy of the south-east portion of the
state, simply noticing the Ravens and
Bald Eagles, once very abundant in
most parts of the state, especially in

the Upper Pennisula, are now local
chiefly in the Upper Peninsula. In

1885, the only Ravens I found in num-
bers were near Escanaba. Young Bald
Eagles were not rare along the lake
shore. By the way, the difference in
the appearance of the young and old
Bald Eagles is so great that it is diffi-
cult for one not not familiar with them
to believe that they belonged to the
same species, however, an Eagle is
always a royal bird, and could not be
mistaken for one of another race.

It is decidedly interesting, when boat-
ing on the great lakes, to round a cape
and suddenly surprise a pair of these
royal birds standing upon the beach,
looking for fish cast up by the wayes.

Eagles are now rarely seen in south-
east Michigan. Ravens have entirely
disappeared. Crows are as numerous
and noisy as ever, so are Blue Jays,
Robins, Blue-birds, Bob-o-links, Balti-
more Orioles, Cedar Wax-wings, Red-

wing Black-birds, Cow-birds, _ ete.
While the Bronzed Girakles are still
common, owls and hawks seem _ less

abundant, still the Great Horned Owl
is by no means scarce, and the blood-
curdling ery of the Screech Owl is still
heard in some localities. Four or five
other species are now rarely met with.
Ruftfed Grouse, Wrens, Indigo birds,
Swallows, Martins, Snipes, Plovers,
and most waders and swimmers, are
less common than formerly. The Great
Blue Heron, however, still holds its

THE COLOGIST.

141

own,—decidedly an interesting bird.
Bitterns are also fairly common in
some localities. Loons make — the

hights about many inland lakes hideous
with their weird shrieks, during their
spring migrations greatly to the disgust
of early campers. One who has never
experienced a night in such localities,
can not imagine the horrible noise a
dozen Loons can make. It is terrifying
to one not acquainted with it. Coots
are still numerous and decidedly bold,
as they will swim about on the mill-
ponds in cities or villages, as will also
the beautiful little Dipper Duck. Gal-
linules and Rails are not yet extermi-
nated, as I met both last year.

But what has become of the millions
of Passenger Pigeons that literally pass-
ed over here in clouds twenty years
ago, when making their migrations
from and to the south? Had any body
predicted in those days that in a year
or two, those mighty flocks would cease
to journey north and south, he would
have been called a fool. Yet these
migrations suddenly ceased. What
was the cause? Where have the Pass-
enger Pigeons gone? Where do they
breed now? Have they become exter-
minated? If they still have breeding
places, where are they and what route
do they take to reach them? Since
1874, few Pigeons have been met with
here. {In 1871 or 1872 they began to
decrease, but the great migrations
ceased suddenly three or four years
later. Isometimes find breeding places
where three to ten pairs build their
nests and rear their young. Unlike
the Mourning Dove, so solitary in its
habits, the Passenger Pigeon prefers to
have the company of its fellows, and
single pairs are seldom found nesting
here.

Wild Turkeys, once very numerous
here, suddenly disappeared about the
Same time that the Pigeons did. Once
they were met with in nearly every
woods, now they have utterly dis-

appeared, and I have not heard of one
since their sudden disappearance.
Where have they gone? Are they ex-
tinct in Michigan? [While waiting for
a train at Lawton, Van Buren Co. a
year ago—an old sportsman, from the
country told me he heard one eall that
morning and that they were not uncom-
mon in his neighborhood.—Ep.] Where
are they abundant?

When they were abundant, I often
met with hybrids or cross-breeds be-
tween the wild and domestic Turkeys,
—hybrids, if the Mexican Turkey, the
parent of most of our domestic Turkeys
is a distinct species; cross-breeds, if it
isnot. It is my opinion that they are
distinct species, for a critical compari-
son of the two when pure reveals a
great difference in general appearance,
Still the Bronze Turkey is evidently a
descendant of the northern wild Tur-
key or a mixture with it,—if the latter,
a possible example of a fertile hybrid.
something not entirely unknown.

A earetul research will show that
Pigeons and Wild Turkeys disappeared
immediately after the timber was re-
moved froma large portion of Michi-
gan by lumbermen and by the terrible
fire of 1871: and without a doubt the
removal of the forests caused the dis-
appearance of the birds.

Searlet Tanagers and Rose-breasted
Grosbeaks, Wood Thrushes and _ per-
haps the White-breasted Nuthatch are
on the increase. All these are now
found in or near cities,—a decided
change in the habits of the two first
named. The Indigo Bird also some
times enters villages. The Brown
Thrasher is less abundant now. New
species of birds have also appeared in
this state. Conspicous among these
is the Black-throated Bunting—a wel-
come addition, and the European
House Sparrow— a nuisance.

IT have written this hoping that other
observers may give us more light.
WILFRED A. BROTHERTON,
Rochester, Mich.

142

THE OOLOGIST.

THE OOLOGIST |

A MONTHLY MAGAZINE DEVOTED TO.
ORNITHOLOGY AND OOLOGY.

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-EDITOR AND PUBLISHER.

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student of birds. their Nests aud kygs, soltcited
from all.

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@NTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLASS MATTEr
aire ere eS:

My First Nighthawk’s Nest.

The 8th of last June, while out walk-
ing with my brother on a large hill east
of our city, I found a Nighthawk’s nest.
It was a warm day and not having any-
thing to do, (it being Sunday) I deter- |
mined to take a walk. So I went tothe
hill, named above. This hill is very
rocky, and there are a few small pines
and poplar growing there.

While walking along, suddenly a
large bird flew up directly in front of
me, which I soon determined was a
Nighthawk. It circled around for
some time, and then alighted on a log
fence near by. Thinking there might
be a nest near we went to work to try
to discover it. Neither of us ever hav-
ing seen or found a Nighthawk’s nest,
we did not know where to look. I had |

hardly taken more than three steps for-
ward when I saw two eggs lying on the.
ground, There was not the least sign,
ofa nest. The eggs were simply lying
on the hard bare ground. They were
so much like the ground (which was,
greenish-black) that it was hard to dis~
tinguish them from it. -

I was surprised to see the eggs im
so conspicuous a place. There was
nothing in the least to conceal it. I
probably should not have found it, but,
for the bird leaving it. Soon as [found
the nest I went off and hid to see what,
the bird would do. After waiting for
some time, the bird flew off from the
fence, and began circling around in the.
vicinity of the nest. This it kept up.
for about five minutes, when she settled
down on her nest. While flying around
she seemed to be trying to make out if
her eggs were in their accustomed place
for sometimes she flew directly over it
and within a few inches of it.

Soon as she had settled down on her
nest we went away. The next day I
returned to see if any more eggs had
been deposited, but finding that none
had I took one of the eggs and left the
other there, to seexwhat she would doa
with one gone.

The egg I found when J] came to blow
it, was slightly incubated. For a day:
or two I was detained from going to see.
how my bird was getting on, but when
I did go I found that the nest had been
deserted, and so I took the other egg.
I now have a fine set of eggs of the
Nighthawk in my collection.

I have often seen it asked whether. a
bird could tell if any of her eggs were
missing. I have come to the conclu-
sion that they can, or else why should
this bird have left her nest when I took
an egg, but stay there when I did not
take any? I have also noticed the same
with other birds.

U.N. CLark,

Sturgeon Bay, Wis,

THE OOLOGIST.

The Wrens of North Carolina.

J. W. P. SMITHWICK, SANS SouCcI, N. C.

Carolina Wren. (Zhryothorus ludovt-
cianus). As its name implies it is the
Wren of Carolina, inhabiting the state

from the wave beaten coast to the
grandeur of the western mountains.

There are perhaps more of this species
in the state than all the rest, put to-
gether, leaving out the little Winter
Wren, (Troglodytes hyemalis).

Early spring mornings about the first
bird you hear is the ‘Long-tailed Wren”
[It is generally known by this name.]
sitting on some favorite limb or fence,
warbling forth his unexcelled ditty to
the rising sun and his mate that is just
in that clump of briars nearsthere. He
is a faithful husband and on no account
will he desert his mate. They are
affectionate parents and |] have often
seen them following fine broods of
young Wrens, trying as if it seemed to
get them to do this way or that, which
of course was resented by the young-
sters if it did not exactly agree with
their wishes. They are free and want
to enjoy their freedom. Who blames
them? Ido not.

The Carolina Wren is rather an early
nester, and nestbuilding often com-
mences in Mareh, and any time from
then until the middle of June. I know
that they raise two broods in one sea-
gon, and am inclined to think that
some pairs raise three broods, as I have
seen three sets of young near the same

place. In the sets that I have taken I
find five the usual complement of eggs,
variation, four to-.six, and in rare
instances, seven.

Bewick’s Wren, (Thryomanes bewickt),
isa rare winter visitor, but perhaps
oftener seen on or near the coast than
in the western part of the state

House Wren, (Zroglodytes aedon).—
Rare transient. Possibly may breed.

Winter Wren, (Troglodytes hyemalvs.)

under my window.

~ 143

A eommon winter visitant in the east-
ern and middle section, but Mr. John
S. Cairns reports it as rare in Bun-
eombe County. In this locality no
other small bird is more seen (except
the gregarious species) than the Winter
Wren. : Every pile of brush has its little
oceupant. They leave in March for
their northern hones, and return in
November.

Long-billed Marsh Wren, (Zelmato-"
dytes palustris.) Tolerable common
migrant.

There is a legend — better a ‘‘saying’”
—among the people of this section, that.
one day a Hawk caught a Wren that was
trespassing, and was going to eat him,
when his pity was moved by the hard
pleadings of the Wren. The Hawk
desisted: for a while, but after all let the
Wren go upon his promising the Hawk
that he would never be caught flying
higher than the fences. To-day if you
ask any of the people why a Wren
keeps close to the ground, they will at
once enter into half an hour’s job to tell
you that about the ‘‘Hawk and Wren.”

There is another such tale about the
Buzzard, giving the reason why their
heads are bald. Perhaps I may give
it to you later.’

What Causes the Quick Notes of the
Whippoorwill?

In the Ooxoaist for Aug., 1890, page
155, the ‘“‘Arkansaw Hoosier,” writes
among other things of the Whippoor-
will, and says:

“Often when whistling they seem to
get excited, or in a hurry, and repeat
the words very rapidly for a time.”

The following incident was observed
One evening, be-
fore it was too dark to see, and while
we were sitting quietly without any
light in the room, a Whippoorwill lit in
the yard, some eight or ten feet from
the house and began his song. He had
not sung long until another lit within

eg oo

THE OOLOGIST.

two or three feet of him. As the last | Kildeer,

one was lighting, the singer rattled off
his notes with great rapidity, and then
ceased. Immediately swelling his
feathers, he began walking around the
new comer, uttering a low peculiar
noise similar to that made by a male
tame pigeon when woing its mate. A
slight noise made by me in endeavoring
to get a better view of their actions,
caused both to take wing. Now how
can we account for this action?

Do the male Whippoorwills thus eall
- the females to them, as do turkey gob-
blers? Or do they mate like Robins and
Blue Jays?

Will the ‘‘Arkansaw Hoosier” or
some other observer note if the song
does not always cease after the quick
notes; and is not this an evidence of the
arrival of the female?

Let us hear from others on these
points.

J. C. ELLIOTT,
Swanwick, Ill.

>

A Better Report from Texas.

While perusing the February number
of your publication I noticed an article
from the Lone Star State by Mr. J. H.
Strecker, Jr., of this city, which does
Texas an injustice, and I hope that you
will allow me the space in your very
valuable monthly to correct same and
give Texas a better “send off” than Mr.
Strecker, Jr., did.

The ‘gentleman’s observations most
certainly were not very close, as he
names a very few of the feathered in-
habitants of this part of the country.

Texas is a very rich ornithological
field and if his ‘‘niblets” will take a lit-
tle stroll up the Brazos and Bosque
riyers he will find something besides
“Turkey Buzzards” and ‘Field Larks,”
for in my stroll I found in abundance
the Robin, Red Bird, Blue Bird, Black
Bird, Jay Bird, Blue Finch, Sparrow,
Dove,

Snipe, Plover, Ducks of many
varieties, Swallows, Crows, Geese,
White and Blue Crane, Pelican, Hawks
and Owls too numerous to mention,
Buzzard, Carrion, Crow, Chapparells,
Birds of Paradise, Wheat Bird, Snow
Bird, Field Lark, Woodpecker, Red-
head and other varieties, Martin, King
fisher, Humming Bird, Rain Crow,
Oriole, and the Mocking Bird.

Not being an ornithologist am unable
to give the scientific name of our birds,
but their common names.

Hoping to hear from other Texas cor-

respondents, I remain yours,
Very truly, Ep. N. McDONALD,
Waco, Texas.

> <>

Items of Interest from Florida.

Fla. Blue Jay; a common bird here,
breed abundantly but the nests are

hard to find as they are always well
hidden in a bunch of moss. The most
common nesting site is in tall pines
about fifty feet from the ground. It
also nests in oak trees and orchards.

Between April 138th and May 20th,
89, I took fifteen nests, all except one
contained four fresh eggs. The color ig
a greenish ground rather evenly dotted
with bronish spots more numerous near
the large end. The ayerage size 1.12'x
65.

Fla. Sereech Owl; a common bird,
and a friend to man because it carries
on a relentless warfare against roaches
and vermin of all sorts. The ‘Screech-
er’ begins nesting the last of March and
I have taken full sets on the 29th of
March, but fresh eggs may be found as
late as the 15th of April. The deserted
hole of the ‘Flicker’ is its favorite nest-
ing site, usually about ten feet from the
ground, but I have taken them as high
as fifty feet up. The full set is three
pure white nearly round, the
average size is 1.30 x 1.18.

Fla. Nighthawk: this is a rather smal-
ler species than the northern bird, it

AOS
ges,

Wren, Quail, Prairie Chicken, nests in the month of May; have taken

THE OOLOGIST.

145

fresh eggs as early as the 7th and as
late as the 3d ofJune. Two eggs are
laid on the bare sand, the ground color
is greyish white and the egg is so
blotched with brownish black that it is
sometimes difficult to see the ground
color; average size 1.15 x .90.

Bald Eagle: this bird is common in
this section and I have seen three or
four at one time. The nest is built in
tall bushy pines about fifty feet from
the ground, is made of sticks and moss
about five feet broad by four thick; the
nest is flat on top except a hollow in the
middle just large enough for two white
eggs, average size 2.75 x 2.20.

Am. Sparrow Hawk: one of our con-
monest birds, no piece of timber is com-
plete without one or more pairs of this
little hawk. In spite of all that is said
against feathered friend it is a great in-
sect destroyer and should be protected.
Nesting bégins early in April or latter
part of March, as I have taken full sets
of eggs as early as the 5th of April.
The favorite nesting site is in old ‘Flick-
er’ holes from fifteen to sixty feet from
the ground. Out of fifteen sets that I
taken the last two seasons all except
one had four eggs each, the other had
five. The color is white, speckled with
reddish brown, sometimes the ground
color is entirely concealed; size 1.40 x
1.10.

WILLARD ELIOTT.
Thonotosassa, Fla.
The American Osprey. -
(Pandion halioetis.)

Surely the most interesting of all pre-
daceous birds is the beautiful American
Osprey, or Fish Hawk, whose range is
the whole of North America. As the
Osprey lives entirely upon fish, it is
generally found along the sea-coast or
along the banks of some large river or
lake. When fishermen see the Osprey
strike for a fish, they hasten to the spot
and draw their nets for they will be
sure to have a good haul.

The Osprey breeds year after year in
the same spot, generally choosing the
top of some lofty tree as its building
site. It lays two or three eggs—rarely
four—of creamy tint and largely blotch-
ed with reddish-brown colorings, which
are generally collected around the larg-
er end of the egg.

Like the Eagles, the Osprey is mono-
gamous, but if either of the pair dies
the remaining bird soon finds another
mate to whom it is extremely affection-
ate and loving.

If the female bird looses a limb or
disables itself in any way, its mate in-
sists upon his partner staying at home
on the nest while he goes in search of
food for his hungry family. The feet
of the Osprey are unnaturally large in
comparison with the size of the bird,
but are just what are needed in catch-
ing fish.

The flight of the Osprey is extremely
easy and elegant, which one would nat- -
urally expect, as its body is but twenty-
two inches in length, while its breadth
of wing is nearly five feet and a half.

The Osprey may be seen on a clear
day sailing in wide undulating circles,
as it hovers over the water intently
watching for its prey. As soon as a
fish comes in sight the Osprey shoots
down like a meteor, and dashing at the
luckless fish so as to raise a cloud of
spray, he grasps it in his strong claws
and bears it away in triumph to his lov-
ing mate, who has been watching all
the while, perched on a limb near her
young. ,

In commencing to describe how the
Osprey is often robbed of its hard.
earned food, I hope all who read this
will pardon me for quoting just at this
point from what has been written by
an eye-witness. ‘‘The Bald Eagle, who
is a sort of omnipresent predator wher-
ever the primeval nature holds her own
upon the continent, sometimes makes
his appearance suddenly on his wide-

[visiting wings amidst these solitudes,

146

THE OOLOGIST.

that seem rightly to the Fish-hawk | the water, he soars away- with boastful

alone, His hoarse bark startles the
deep silence from afar, and every nat-
ural sound is mute. Wheeling grandly
amidst the dim blue cliffs, he subsides
on slow and royal spread upon some
blasted pine beside the lake-river, and
with quick short screaming, announces
to awed nature that its winged monarch
has come down to rest. The friendly
Fish-hawks, in silent consternation,
dart hither and yon in vexed uncertain
flight, and tiny songsters dive into the
deep thickets, while the shadow of that
dread sound passes over all. But now
the kingly bird grows quiet, and with
many a-shift of feet and restless lift of
wing—while fierce far-darting eyes are
taking in all the capabilities of his new
perch—he sinks into an attitude of deep
repose,one yellow-heated eye upturned,
watching the evolutions of the startled
Fish-hawks, whose movement, becom-
ing less and less irregular as they wheel
to and fro, gradually subsides into the
measured windings of their habitual
flight in seeking prey, while the buzz,
the hum, the chirup, the chatter, and
the carol creep up once again, and na-
ture becomes voiceful in her happy si-
lence.”

Then the Osprey, at last quieted,
sweeps down from on high, and grasp-
ing a fish in his claws he soars away ut-
tering an exultant scream. Now is the
time for the couchant tyrant, and ele-
vating his war-crest and spreading his
wings, the Bald Eagle leaps upward in
pursuit. The Osprey becoming alarmed
wheels upward with all the strength of
his powerful wings, but as the Eagle
approaches nearer and nearer, the poor
Fish-hawk loosing all hope of escape,
utters one last despairing ery and drop-
ping its would-be prey, sails away to
seek its rest upon the branches of some
tall pine. But the Eagle poising for a
second, as if to make more certain his
aim, drops like a shot upon the falling
fish and clutching it just as it reaches

pride to a spot where he can either
hoard or eat his stolen meal.

Sometimes, however, the Ospreys
congregate to defend their rights and
then it generally goes hard with the
overbearing tyrant. A gentleman who
witnessed a scene of this kind, says of
the Ospreys: ‘‘They seemed to have
formed a sort of colony for mutual pro- -
tection, and the moment their foe, the
Eagle, made his appearance among
them, the cry of alarm was raised, and
the vigilant colonists, hurrying from al
quarters, attacked the robber without
hesitation, and always succeeded in
driving him away.

There was always a desperate battle
first before the savage monarch could
be routed, and I have seen them
gathered about him in such numbers,
whirling and tumbling amidst a chaos -
of floating feathers through the air,
that it was impossible for a time to dis-
tinguish which was the Eagle, until,
having got enough of it against such
fearful odds, he would fain turn. tail,
and with most undignified acceleration
of flight would dart toward the covert
of the heavy forest to hide his baffled
royalty, and shake off his pertinacious
foes amidst the boughs.”

The general color of the Osprey is
dark brown, but it is pleasing variega-
ted with various shades of black, gray
and white, making it a truly elegant
bird. The crown of the head and nape
of the neck are covered with long gray-
white feathers streaked with dark
brown, while the under surface is white,
with the exception of a light brown
band which extends across the breast.
The primaries are brown tipped with”
black, and the tail is barred above with
wu light and a deep brown, and below
with brown and white. The legs, toes,
and cere and blue, while the eyes are of
a golden yellow hue, and the beak and
claws black.

I cannot end without again mention-

THE OOLOGIST.

147

a ———E

ing the singular beauty of the Osprey.
Wherever it is, soaring aloft, covering
its eggs or young, or perched on the
top of some lofty tree, it is still the
same handsome bird, and anyone who
has spent any time by the seashore or
on the bunks of our large rivers, ‘will
always remember with a mixed feeling
of admiration and pity, our most beau-
tiful of predaceous birds, the American
Osprey.
EDWARD FULLER.
Norwich, Conn.

Nesting of the Chestnut-backed Chickadee.

The eggs of the Chestnut-backed
Chickadee, like the Pine Siskin and
Wright’s Flycatcher, (on which I have
previously written) are quite rare.

This bird is not distributed over so
much territory asthe other two species
therefore their eggs must .be of more
yalue to the collector, than either

Spinus pinus or Empidonax obscurus.
(Their value, however, is not given in
“The Oologist Checking List’’ of 1890.)
‘On May 27, ’89, I took a set of five eggs,
it being my first set of this chickadee.
It was situated ina snag, five feet up,
the excavation being one foot deep. I
also found a fresh set of seven eggs of
Parus rufescens on May 3d, this season.

This nest was in an alder stump three
feet from the ground, composed of
moss, hair, wool and a few feathers,
felted together.

The eggs resemble those of the Com-
mon Chickadee or the Oregon Chicka-
‘dee in a general way, but average
Jarger in size and the markings are
larger also, with an inclination to form
a wreath near the larger end.

There can be no mistake as to the
identity, for in the first instance the
birds were observed carrying building
material to the nest, and in the second,
the female was caught; then, too, the
Chestnut-backed and Oregon Chicka-
dee’s notes (as well as their plumage)
differ very much. I also observed an-

other pair digging in a tall snag on
April 17, 91, but upon visiting it again
later on, found they had disappeared,
CLYDE L. KELLER,
Salem, Oregon,

Owl’s Tenacity of Life.

I see in the January OOLOGIST in an
article by Mr. Joel A. Harrington of
Butte, Mont., that he wonders much at
the great tenacity of life in a Great
Horned Owl.

Now the solution is simply this: In
all birds there isa communication be-
tween the lungs and the large bones,
and the wing being broken when the
strap was placed around his neck the
bird obtained his supply of air through
his broken wing.

How wise is Nature in her provisions

for her creatures!

A. V. THOMPSON,
Decorah, Ia.

A Book of 500 Pages.

On treatment and care of domestic
animals, Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Dogs,
Hogs and Poultry, sent free to all who
mention THE OoLogist. Address
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FOR SALE.—Silver Watch, Snare Drum,
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Bargains. ARTHUR H.SMITH.Shortsville.N.Y,

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which I will sell at wholesale.
aid. ‘First come first served.”
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j Lhave a few hundred of the
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15¢e’per 100 post-
DAVID A,

P= OREN

CHAUTAUQUA ASSEMBLY

SEASON OF 1891.

I have just issued a little 50-page Hand-Book
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Faithfully yours,

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THE OOLOGIST.

148
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33 RUBBER STAMP
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OF
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and W. Otto Emerson,

This work is descriptive of the Nests and Eggs
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which includes all the species known to exist—
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Southern United States boundary, including
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The breeding range of each species is given,
the time of nesting, the exact number Of eggs
laid, their color and size together with the chief
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The arrangement of the~work is according to
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and a& COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX of these fs

iven.

e An invaluable book as an add for the idenéifl-
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The work consists of 475 pages and 13 full page
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Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth, $1.7§.-

~ PRANK H. LATTIN,
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“River, Vt. 3

Dh, TO EXCHANGE. — Compound Microscope,
_ Magsnities 4000 times, in leather case, worth
_ $5.00 for best offer. ROY WALLACE, Winne-

_ bago City, Minn.

oz Sy

ine

-

TS

way

_ WHAT am I offered for a pair of Skates No.
_ 10. an Indian Knife Sheath and some live Goph-
_ +ers.—Very fine specimens for mounting. A. H.
_ CRANDALL, Worthington, Minn.

HOLD ON THERE! Do you want any Fos-
+ Sils, Pet Moss. Herkimer Co. Quartz Crystals,
_ Axrow Poimts? If so send me your lists of
)) Stamps. Fossils, Minerals. Sea Curios. ete, I

‘Will. send my goods first) HERBERT R&B.
‘BROCK, Mason City Iowa.

S

:
HAVE you read Lattin’s “Exchange Extra-
ordinary” in this QOLOGIST?

..TO EXCHANGE. Firstdlase sets oF this
locality, for first-class sets of other localities.

Send lists to WILLIAM I. COMSTOCK, P. 0. —

Box 363, Norwalk, Conn.

TO EXCHANGE.—Hunting Knife with Deer-
foot handle and Magic Lantern with views, all
Worth 44.70; for best offer. ©. G. SARGENT.
Winnebago City. Minn. .

TO EXCHANGE.—Fossil, Coral,Selenite xls,
Actinolite, etc. Alsoa Chicago Air Rifle. and
Scott’s International Stamp Album, to ex-
change for first-class Sets and Singles. J. C.
STEVENS, Knoxville, Iowa. ;

TO EXCHANGE.-—-One doz. folding tin Snipe
decoys, also Indian Relies; for’ first-class Hees
in original sets with data. Wm. H. FISHER,
14 W. North Ave., Baltimore. Md.

_A LARGE list of desirable Eggs to exchange.
Send for list. Also some personal property
ufo exchange. LETSON BALLIET,DesMoines,
Towa. awa D

WANTED.—No. 430%, will exchange Vol.
Youth’s Companion. No. 43614, will exchange
Vol. Yankee Blade. Postpaid. Eges first-class
With data. J. S. GRIFFING, Cutchogue, N.
we

A LARGE list of things to exchange for Eggs
Send for list. Also $5.00 in cash for best offer in
eggs. GEO. A. LETSON, Hastings, Neb.

WANTED.—To exchange first-class, care”
fully identified sets; for like sets. Reliable
collectors send lists and receive mine. FRANK
CRAIG, 622: 23d St., San Francisco. Cal.

TO EXCHANGE.—A number of sets of the
following: 388, 423, 452. 467, 488, 529, 540, 563, 619, ?
659. 796 for other first-class sets with data. F-.
S. WHITNEY, Taftsville, Vt. j

I WISH to exchange first-class eggs in sets
and singles for same, not in my collection, W.
G. PETTUS, Jr., Georgetown, Tex. c

COLLECTORS.—I have desirable western
eggs With data, to exchange for U. S. Stamps.
Send list and receive mine. No stamps worth
less ye 2o¢ wanted. O. W. BRIGGS, Paw
Paw, Ill,

TO EXCHANGEH.—Smith & Wesson Revol-
ver, double action, centre fire. 32 cal. Cost $12.-
50. Will exchange for best offer in Birds) Begs,
in full sets with complete data. Have also
some eggs to exchange. All letters answered.
W. A. OLDEFIELD, Port Sanilac, Mich.

EXCHANGES AUD W

HAVE you read Lattin’s “Exchange ‘Extra-.

ordinary”’ in this OOLOGIST?

HAVE YOU NOTICED new list of common
eggs wanted and desirable eggs offered im Lat-
tin’s ‘Exchange Extraordinary” in this OOLO-
GIST? }

TO BXCHANGH.—Several second-class, side
blown eggs of Am. Bittern, also sets of 221. 6
and 77: for others. Make offers. JOHN V.
CRONE, Marathon, Iowa. y :

TO EXCHANG#.—The Ulster Co. Gazette,
Jan. 4, 1200, containing a full account of Wash-
ineto1’s burial; for common Sea Birds’ Eggs,
singles, or Davie’s Key. W. R. HAZLET, Vine-
lend, N. J.

TO EXCHANGE.—For best offer of common
eges. One 20 gauge New Hopkins & Allen col-
lecting gun, with full set of loading tools and
100 shells. Valued complete 513.00. Also one
98 Cal. X L collecting gun 24 in. bbl. good shoot-
er, no tools or shells, $7.50. Both of these guns
are new, breech loaders and perfect in every
way. CHAS. K. REED, 252 Main St., Worces-
tor, Mass. ’

TO EXCHANGEH.—Birds’ Eggs, Natural His-
tory Specimens, Natural History Books. two
Books of the Indian Gallery, Vols. 1 and 2 and
others. Air Pump, Electric Machine Battery
Works, etc.; for Birds’ Eggs and Curiosites.
Address; THEODORE WHITFIELD, Clinton
Miss.

ns

TO EXCHANGE. — A five-line self-inking
Type Holder with two 5a fonts of solid rubber
type in perfect order, value $5.00; for best offer.
A collection of stamps, value $22.00; for best of-
fer. A World Typewriter in good condition; for
best offer. Cards not answered. ERNEST E.
LEB, Covington, Ga.

LOOK! I wish to exchange a pair of fine
Peafowls for best $10.00 offer in Collectors’ line.
(Birds’ Eggs, Nests. or Indian Relics prefered.
Pair of Brown Leghorns for best $3.00 offer.
“American Standard of Excellence,” for? best
offer. Correspondence solciited. R. D. KEN-
SEY, Tamaroa, Ill.

FOR EXCHANGE.—I have many choice and
desirable Bird Skins from all sections which I
would be glad to exchange with other collectors.
Also eggs. Send lists. F.T. PEMBER, Gran-

ville, N. Y.

FOR EXCHANGE.—A new Scroll Saw and
Lathe combined ($10.00), and some miscellane-
ous books and papers, for good Violin, Tele-
scope, Ornithological, Natural History, or Scien-
tific works. Coues’ Key wanted. All letters
answered. W. W. SHELLEY, Hesston, Har-
vey Co., Kas.

TO EXCHANGE.—A Great Horned Owl, per-
fectly tame. for best offer in cash, curio, or good
recent works on photography. ELBERT L.
POTTER, La Motte, Towa.

WANTED.—Shot-gun. rifie. revolver, bicycle,
set of boxing gloves, and fencing foils, catcher’s
gloves, mask and breast plate. I will give
many rare sets for each or all of the above arti-
cles. WALTER BRADFORD, Mayfield, Ky.

I HAVE A FEW NICE SETS of Cassin’s
Auklet, Tufted Puffin, Russett-backed Thrush
and many others; also many singles, to ex-
change for other sets. Send lists. FRED A.
SCHNEIDER, College Park, Cala.

AWTS, Continued. | ca

LIFORNIA EGGS.—In sets with c
a, and singles to exchange for oth
With data, All eggs must be Ist-class.
R. PAINTON, College Park, Calif. bs

NOTICE+— For every first-class set of. eggs
worth 25 cents or more. or for every set of any
kind containing one or more Cowbird’s eggs,

with full data sent me, I will send complete di-
rections “How to Mount and Embalin Birds

without skinning,” very easy learned. Send all
letters and packages to THOS. A. SMITHWICK,
Walke, Bertie County. North Carolina. — te

WANTED.—Arrow Points and Birds’ Eggs in
sets and singles with data. Have in exchange
Fossil Shells from the famous clay banks near
this city. I have 18 varieties and the exchange
price is only 8c each. W.R. BIRD, Lock Box
507, Mason City, lowa.

ACOLLE TION of N. C. Birds’ Eges, ex-
change for best offer 159 eggs. 60 species, can

furnish data in sets and singles L. BAILEY,

513 N. Blount St., Raleigh, N.C.

TO EXCHANGE.—Southern eggs, singles
and sets; for northern sets, send list and re-
ceive mine. For 75c worth of Birds’ Eggs I

Will send prepaid directions for curing birds in ~

skin, and receipe for making euring chemical,

With sample. R. G. GADSDEN, 199 Whitaker

St., Savannah, Georgia.

FIFTY second-class Birds’ Eggs, 25 varieties,
for hand book of the Agassiz Association in
good order. Eggs would amount to $1.50 if
first-class. MICHAEL FIZGERALD, Barry-
town. N. Y.

_ TO EXCHANGE.—Two copies Davies’ “Nests

and Eggs’? paper cover, one new and one
slightly worn, alse pair climbing irons, will ex-
change for Water Bird’s Eggs in sets or singles
sets preferred. H. HALL, Box 37, Riverside.
Calif.

WANTED—A 22 or 32 cal. repeating rifle,
Winchester or Colts preferred, will give in ex-
change for same, a number of valuable articles
and cash if necessary. GHORGEH H. PEPPER,
Tottenville, S. IN. Y. :

FOR EXCHANGE—in singles, sets or pairs
A. O. U. numbers: 59, 214, 28 Europe. 301 Eur-
ope, 311. 316 and others. send lists-want singles.
RR ac A. CANNON, Lakewood, Cuyahoga

o., O.

HAVE few fine sets Foreign eggs full data to
exchange for American Sets Ridgeway’s Nos.
152, 161, 164. 198, 325 and many others wanted.
Cc. W. CRANDALL, Woodside, Queens Co., N.
We

TO EXCHANGE.—A rare collection of 60 first
class Birds’ Eggs, all different.such as the Am.

Flamingo, Kestrel. Hawk, Sora Rail, Virginia ~

Rail. White-bellied and Brown-headed Nut-
hatches, Prothonotary Warbler and others for
first-class sets with full data. GORDON GRAY,
Niles, Mich.

WANTED.—Young male Mocking Bird, in
exchange for Eggs. Skins or Instruments.
Send for description and get my list. J. A.
BLACK, 1909 Cass St., Omaha, Neb

TO EXCHANGE.—First-class Birds’ Eggs,

/in sets or singles; for Bicycle, Typewriter.

Printing Press, or Printing
arms, or offers. Give accurate description,cost
condition, etc. Write and make offers. EL-
MER J. GILLETT, Barre Centre, Orleans Co.,

N- Y

Material, Fire-

THE OOLOGIST. - 153

_EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued. | EycHANGE EXTRAORDINARY Continued.

HAVE YOU NOTICED new list of common] ‘The following Shells and miscellaneous arti-
~eggs wanted and desirable eggs offered in_Lat-| cles are included in our Exchange Extraordin-
tin’s ‘Exchange Extraordinary” in this OOLO- | ary offer. e
Gist? SHELLS.

DR. A. G. PRILL, late of Sweet Home, Ore- All Extra Fine Bright Specimens.
eeu. has eaneed his address to Springville,

Pelimamavelatane recy. Lee lasek Sesh eee ete
ppsias. Serie) Cypreea helvola
I WANT AT ONCE INDIAN RELICS,| {| isabella
MOUND BUILDERS OR MODERN—WILL ee eerie ui
PAY CASH OR GIVE GOOD EXCHANGE. ae NEd tee
Pie WEA VOUCLHAV ES SQUOTING:| Mercenit ia ee ee aw ee Wa ae
BRICKS WHICH MUST NOT\BE HANCY,,| (ibe oonGnler ln tne Ge
AND STATE WHATIS WANTED. FRANK rates sl cens aa pega a
H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. ‘eh GES RLADE MORNE ME 2LN Coen onan 45
TO EXCHANGE.—The following California] “ ispidula. 22-2... -- 1G
‘eggs for others not in my collection. I shail inflata ...........- peveeeeeceeeseneeesceeeeeees -- 10
send out none but first-class sets, small, clean-| Fissurella barbadensis.................... -- 15
‘cut holes, thoroughly cleansed, with unques- | Strophia glams..___.......--.--.-----.--------- aaah
tionable data. Will require same in exchange. | Dentallum entalis._.-.----.e eee -05
Advantageous exchanges will be given. A. O,| Strombus bituberculata....-..--.-.----.12 2+ 35
U. 378 1-8 1-9, 480 15-2, 431 18-2, 447 1-5 1-3, 458 1-4 1-| Perna ephippium eee 20,
3, 462 2-3, 466 3-2 5-3 4-4, 508 2-3, 519c 3-32-4 4-5, 530 | Apporhais pes-pelicani 10
4-3 8-4 3-5, 531 1-3 1-5, 552a 2-25-36-4, 58lc 9-3 10-4, | Nerita peleronta _................. 10
591b = 10 3 9-4, 596 2-2 4-3, 599 6-3 5-4, 620 2-2, 622p | Pterocera lambis......... ............. Sassecuss3osceee -50
3-4, 627 2-2, 629a 1-3. 638a 1-2 2-3 1-4, 688a 3-2 7-3 F-4,| Voluta vespertilio 2.2... eee +25
703 2-4, 721a 2-6 1-4 1-3, 743a 2-6, 758 2-4 1-2. Also | Ovula oviformis. _.. 39
singles of above and of 123b, 221. 273. M. §.| Turbo samaticus.... os -60
HAINES, Box 1185, Station C., Los Angeles, | Nanima hepat.ca._._........-.--..---.---2---- .- 50
Cal.. Ma eIhbze VASIOWKENOVSNIS),. <PE ES eo g cas eee ereeeee --- D0
. Byun tS) Chao See eee eee i)
W. W. TESCH. Lexington, Neb. Prairie | Nautilus pompilius...... -............ -....- eee aS 2.00,
Dogs for sale or exchange; $2.50 a pair. | Murex ramosusS.....,...........-...2:+1ss11:seeeeeeeees i)
Can furnish any animal west of Mississippi. “ brandaris -...... 223
Send list of exchanges. Fasciolaria tulipa 20
Mitra episcopalis 50
Sid BUMP E h 5 Ys 7 Conus miles.22 22: -50:
Be Vs 2) OP VALZO eee es ee
a +) Gaplbamense etek Peeks 80
4 HOMEOPATHIC Strombus lentigi nosus Hee Nets
| Cypreea Arabica 35
SPECIFIC No. asellus.. -20
= ; CNOS aie ee 20
an use 30 years. The only successful remedy for “ Tyr KES OO EN, TPL SOIT 20
Nervous Debility, Vital Weakness, | Qrunm gipposum i»
a Prostrati £: yy work or other Saneees OPIISES AUTEN sc s-cospaa cassettes eons cocoate a
aa . etal eee 2
$1 nee vials are oe and large vial powder, for $5. yermeus fumorcals Soares tar Ce eRe ne Be
SoLp BY DRUGGISTS, or sent postpaid on receipt a amides, Ft ae ee
ebrice: —HUMPHREYS’ MEDICINE CO., CT A ERROR C1 ALIN Nh eas ne
Cor. William and John Sts., WN. ¥. BYU) BHM CMEN SB o occas cece sr ccaeno pero sigsenanaae loon 8

88 TO 92 KRUGLID AVB., CLAVBKLAND, O.
——_ AN D—

Schoo] of Penmanship and Short-Hand,

THE LARGEST AND BEST IN AMERICA.

Over 1,800 students were enrolled last year. Branch Colleges in Buffalo, N. Y., and Detroit,
Mich. Scholarships good in any of the Caton chain of colleges. An employment ‘bureau in con-
nection. Over 700 students placed in good positions during the past year. Commercial Law
taught by leading members of the bar: Penmanship taught by the champion penman of the
world; Book-keeping taught by expert accountants and authors; Business Arithmetic taught
by expert lightning calculators; Detection of counterfeit money taught by expert Forgery De-
tectives; Short-Hand taught by Court Reporters; Type-writing taught by one of the world’s
most rapid operators; Mech anical and Architectural Drawing taught by High School Princi-
pals and University Graduates.

Everything strictly first-class. Special low rates during summer months. Send for circu-
lars, and address all communications to

THE CATON BUSINESS COLLEGE C8., Proprietors.
CAPITAL STOCK $100,000. M. J. CATON, President.

154

THE OOLOGIST.

EXCHANGE EXTRAORDINARY

THIS OFFER KXPIRKS ON SEPT., 15,1891.
I want at once the following first-class eggs, either in singles or in sets, in exchange at 1890

prices,

or if in sets, wlth data, I will allow 10 per cent. above these prices, in exchange for the.
articles mentioned below. Eggs taken in large or small quantities.

No exchange amounting to,

less than $1.00 can be ‘‘bothered with’’ unless 10 cents additional is enclosed for return postage,

and packing. If you have any of the rarer species to offer send lists.

way’s Nos.:

Species wanted, Ridg-

1, 2, 7, 11, 22, 26, 27, 41, 42, 47, 51, 56, 63, 67, $3, 115, 123, 185, 149a, 151, 153, any of the rarer Warblers,

157, 168, 170, 197, 198, 198a, 204, 204a, 211, 214, 217, 231, 242, 248, 251, 254, 257, 258, 277, 278, 278b, 282, 289,
993, 301, 304, 306, 315, 320, 326, any of the Hummingbirds, 353. 354, 357, 361, 382, 385, 387, 388; any.

of the Owls, Hawks,

Eagles or Vultures, 459, 460, 465. 473. 4¢0, 482, 483. any of the Herons, 497, 498

501, 505, 507, 516, 520, 522, 525, 52, 555, 557, 569, 571, 572, 574, 578, 582, 583, 601. 609, 613, 618, 634, 640, any-
oF the Cormorants. 649. 650, 664, 6662, 668, 673, 679, 681, 686, 687. 688, 690, 693,721, 723, 729. 736, 760, 76),

763a. Eges of Warblers,

Owls and Hawks, listing at over $1.50 not included in wants.

We will accept any species not mentioned above at ONE-HALF 1890 prices.
In return for the above, I will give any of the following articles, specimens or supplies at the.

price s quoted.

SUPPLIES.

Imperfect Blowpipe 10
No. 1, 8-100 Egg D .08
22-1 OO se 12
© 3, 15-100 ** 15
“4, 18-100 ** 18
te 5, 21-100 “* 20
Nickel - plated 4% in. Embryo Hook ...... .30
Oologist’s Hand-book, 1885..... -.... eed ea OED «15
Hand-book on Insect Collecting... eI 15
17 Back Numbers OOLOGIST.........-...-------.... A)
OOLOGIST (no prem.) from date to Jan. i’) ert)
Y Wah e fOr OMenyeal = .ses-e-c--- 1.00
Card for one Ex. Notice in the OOLOGIST. .OD

A few Incomplete Copies of Maynard’s

“Birds of Eastern North America,” newly

bound in boards and leather, (Publisher’s
cash price $18.00) .............-.-------------- PROM ER BE 15.00
SPECIMENS. e
Club-spined Urchin, very fine..............-.-.---- $ .55
Egg Case of Periwinkle................---- slesee ge
Lucky Tooth of Codfish........ .. Bae SAME Ie es 20
Starfish, Martha’s Vineyard, fine.... 25)
Pod of Sabre Bean, very curious...........---.-- 4)
Rajah or Beetle Nut...........---.---------ssers> 15
Brown-banded Sea Bean..........-...---..----------- 10
TEXT Sve ea MECC Oe a epee cocenseeme eee sote 03
Gray Sea Bean ............--.--:----- ey-----) cere .03
Trilobite (Calymene Niagraensis) ........-.-.---- «20
Scaphites,from BI’ck Hills,choice,desizuble .30
Resurrection Plant...........------:-----------s4:2------ 15
Barnacle, Pacific, choice double specimens .25
Polished Agate, pendant...............--------.------ “25D
Indian Pottery, fine specimen 25
Sea Fan, 6 in., extra fine.............-- 35)
‘Alligator Tooth, fine...................------ .25
100 Foreign Stamps, all different .30
Flat Sea Urchin Zebu Channel, Phillipines .25
Sea Horse, very fine...........---.-----+-------s------- S50)
Fossil Polyp Coral .2D
Hossil Sea Wrehine. =. 2. is 25
Beg of Skate. .............-.--:seeecceeeeenee cece 12
BO, Gis Sey leans Go ek Ieee ee pone eaoears 25
“ « Hammerhead or Leopard Shark...... 25
King or Horse-foot Crab..... -...-.-.-.--------------- .3D
NOVELTIES. ‘
TAA oe) Bae ON nay AOU A ee kee alae ccecdcesa-teaacencee $ .05
Collectors’ Puzzle Whistle 10
TENT AON Wie el Oey eke ie coro sac densece soe eescoecesssendesose5 10
Catapult Gun, iron frame ..............---.-+.-+-+-+ ssi)
Box Pharaoh’s Serpent Eggs............ --.------ .10
95 Best Assorted Fish Hooks...............-------- .20
Joker’s Photo. Camera...............-------1-0-10t10+ 25
“©, K.” Parer and Slicer..........--..-.. ---.-:------ .25
Yoyubayeawaay 1Steray he Ne ao os ee Seoceasenes=0 .30

Students’ Outfit (Pen, Penholder, Lead and
Slate Pencils, and 6-in. Rule)...............---.--- alo

BIRDS’ EGGS.
<a btep-eahar (OPNAG TUDE ea senate ceeiceacareosee-coso-eoosecnacscoers
TDWiat COWIE Geese cece ornate agen eernadanncm
Limpkin, extra fine, 2nd-class :
Noddy Tern, set of one, with data............... 05
Sooty oe ob be ot oe bs

AmericaniScoterntes es eee 2.50,
Sennet’s Thrasher (13a) ._..--...-.--.2.----2:¢------= 2D,
White-winged DOVE 2 nen perenne -40,

4 14, with data..
Arkansas Goldfinch :
Mountain Plover
Canvas-back ...............
Burrowing Owl.............-.--.-------
Red-shouldered Hawk....
Brown-headed Nuthatch....
American Bitern ................
American: OSpreye..... 225s
He a Set eae
SUMIMerVPAN AST ee eee
Mexican Ground Dove, (fine 2ds)
Lousiana Water-Thrush
Yellow-throated Vireo........ -......--s2ecs:cses-c2==
Florida Screech Owl........ -..-...-.----
California Screech Owl.........-.....
Costa's Hummingbird ..............
Hummingbird Nests......... .........----- ae
“ ‘) OnIStHICkKS! 2! ee

FOREIGN EGGS. :
Bul-bul. from Phillipines (fine 2d class)...... $ .50,

Black-headed Weaverfinch (fine 2d-class)... .25.
Muropean Black ides eee eee eres ee ee SGN
se Sone Thrushe 2 ee Alby,
Ruddy Sheldrake. sets 7 to 10, per egg -60;
NG ti Singles...o 50 eee aes -50..
Med. Black-headed Gull, sets % 4% peregg. .45
rf % OSIM SES eee -35,
Barbary Partridge, sets 8 to 14 per egg....... 35
Be of Singles. 2.25 GE itl Or
Wihimeh abe 0 0) Sea) ee ae ee ce iallte:
Python from Celoyn, large and curious...... 3.00,
Egyptian Vulture...... BP ea eee .. 5.00;

(= Continued on another page.

If you desire to obtain anything on the above.
list in exchange. send on your eggs at once. If
you have no eggs, but have other desirable.
specimens in quantity, write what you have,
with price; or will exchange for collections of
fine Postage Stamps or second-hand Books on,
Natural History, or choice Indian Relics.

Only first-class Specimens accepted at any:
price. all others returned at sender’s expense.

We will receive hundreds of packages in an.
swer to this exchange and if you do not write.
your name plainly on the outside of the pack
ages you send, your exchange will be delayed
and packages possibly lost.

This offer will hold good) until Sept. 15th only.

Send on your specimens at once in large or
small ‘quantities, it makes no difference to us
whether you send $1.00 or $100.00 worth. but if
less than $1.00 worth, 10 cents extra must be ens
closed for return postage and packing.

Large quantities shipped by express O¥
freight, must be prepaid. Address,

FRANK H. LATTIN,

ALBION, N. Y.

THE # QOLOGIST

VOL. VIUI.

The Story of a Flood.
By Fulica americana.

June 12, 1891, was almost as beauti-
ful as any member of the avian or any
other order could wish for. I was sit-
ting on my nest of rushes over water
near the edged of one of the numerous
sloughs of Northeastern Buena Vista
Co., Iowa. My eggs were well advanc-
ed in incubation and I was expecting to
soon have a dozen little Coots to pro-
' Vide for.

All around: was peaceful. No sense
of impending calamity depressed our
spirits. In the different slough around
me the Black Terns were gathering in-
sects or incubating their eggs, which
were laid on bogs, small piles of rushes
or even on nests deserted by some of
my own species or Podilymbus podiceps.

Many nests of the Yellow-headed
Blackbird, containing eggs and young,
Were situated in the sound green rushes
among which my nest was _ placed.
Near the shore were those of the Red-
winged Blackbird nearly.all containing
young. Numerous nests of the Long-
billed Marsh Wren, some of them con-
taining newly laid eggs were there also.

The nest of the Pied-billed Grebe
Which looked like the bottom of_an
overturned wash basin, was floating
hear mine. It contained half-a-dozen
eggs, nicely covered with the material
of which the nest was composed, viz.:
mud and decaying vegetation. A
little way out from this an Am. Bittern
Was settingon her nest of rushes, guard-
ing her precious, drab-colored eggs.

The Wilson’s Phalaropes were incu-
bating their eggs on the low ground
hear the water’s edge. All feathered
creatures were intent on the propaga-
tion of the species. As for the human
trace, they were all busily engaged in

ALBION, N. Y., AUG., 1891.

$y

No. 8

cultivating corn so as to have it ready
for the Blackbirds to feast on just be-
fore going south in the autumn.

A long toward evening it became
somewhat dark in the west. A small
shower in the southeast seemed to be
going all around us. This came nearer
and it began to sprinkle. The farmers
sought the shelters of their houses and
the birds cuddled more closely over
their eggs and young. We were getting
a fresh water bath for nothing and did
not trouble ourselves about it.

About 7 o’clock, somewhat to our sur-
prise, it began to rain harder. Then
still harder and harder and _ harder!
Oh, my, how it rained! It poured! It
fell with all the fury of a demon bent
on destruction. Soon the water in the
pond began to creep, creep, upward,
while my nest seemed to be gradually
sinking. ‘Then as water began to run
into the sloughs from the adjacent hill-
sides it rose faster and my eggs were
submerged. I left the nest and the
wind and waves took my eggs off of it
and scattered them in every direction.
My nest, following the waves was car-
ried out and deposited among other
drifting material on the shores. Some:
of the eggs had followed the nest and
were floating upon the water near it.

Sick with dispair I looked around to
see what damage had been done my
neighbors during the two hours rain
that was the heaviest known in the his-
tory of the county.

It had stopped now, and the stars
were shining pitifully down upon us,
while the moon breaking through the
rapidly receding clouds gave us a
glimpse of her friendly face.

The Pied-billed Grebe’s nest was still
floating on the water and the covering
had not allowed the eggs to be washed.
It was some feet from its accustomed
place however, lodged in a bunch of

156

THE OOLOGIST.

rushes. This particular bird, however,
was very lucky, many of the same spec-
jes had shared the fate of the Coots.
The nest of the Am. Bittern was com-
pletely submerged as you may suppose,
the water having risen nearly two feet,

while the nest was built only a few in-

ches above water.

It had not yet reached all the nests of
the Blackbirds, though many of them
were under water, but the wind and
waves had robbed all of their contents.

The nest of Wilson’s Phalarope was
covered with water, and it would have
been so with a much lighter rain than
the one we had.

Every bird was sorrowing and dis-
consolate, mourning for their lost nests
and young. There were many sufferers
besides those I have named, but I was
unable to learn the extent of the dam-
age, though I think from the sad voices
of the Kildeers and other birds who had
their homes in the plowed fields, that
their nests were washed under or eggs
carried away by the current. The Rud-
dy Ducks also must have been suffer-
ers. They were just laying, and one of
their eggs lay on the shore of a slough
where the bird had deposited it after
the flood.

The Black Terns were all heavy los-
ers, scarcely a nest remaining, though I
did see one with its eggs among a thick
cluster of rushes where the wind could
not well reach it.

But we could not lose much time for.

we all wanted to raise a brood of little
ones, so we set to work to construct
other nests and lay another complement
of eggs. The Grebes and Terns got in
their work first, as many of the former
found their nests still floating flush
with the surface, and the latter could
utilize some bog.

At present writing, just one month
from date of the great freshet, many
birds are rejoicing over pretty little
nestlings, myself among the number.

Others are nearly ready to hatch, and

some of the more backward ones will
have to wait several weeks yet.

We learned something by the flood
and built our nests very much higher
than usual.

One King Rail’s nest was nearly a
foot high, and just as she finished lay-
ing an oologist who lives here—J. V. ;
Crone by name—came along and took
the eggs. Dirty trick wasn’t it? and
the only excuse he had to offer was that
he had not taken any earlier, and that
he had none in his collection.. The Am.
Bitterns wisely (or unwisely) resorted
to dry land of meadows, for their see-
on d nest, I say unwisely for when the
above oologist is mowing hay he finds
their nest, and they lay a $1.25 egg
you know. eb

The Phalaropes left. I guess: they
could not bear the thought of trying ta
nest again, for I have not seen any
since the flood.

The Yellow-legs are back from the
north already. I wonder if they had a
flood up there too. May be they had a
snowstorm.

Well dear readers in spite of the
heavy rain and large amount of dam-
ae the above is written by a very hap-

MUDHEN.

Feeding the Birds in Winter.

How many of the readers of the Oo-
LOGIST have ever tried this plan as a
means of enabling them to study more >
closely the habits of our winter visitors?
I will tell you of my experience in this,
at my happy-child-hood home in East-
ern Indiana.

During a long cold winter afew years
ago, I found many small birds that had
evidently died from a lack of food, as a
deep snow had covered everything for
several weeks. The thought occured to
me that it would be indeed a labor of
love, as well’as an act of charity, to in-
duce the little feathered songsters ta
come to a certain place io be fed. [|

THE OOLOGIST.

157

placed some boards on a barrel in the
most sheltered corner of the yard, on
the sunny side of some evergreen trees,
which the birds were in the habit of fre-
quenting. I then prepar ed for the feast
by strewing ‘the table with bread
crumbs, crushed hickory* nuts, bits of
cooked meat chopped fine, and various
kinds of seeds, ‘‘borrowed’’ from moth-
er’s sture of garden seeds. The next
thing was to await the coming of the
diners; and it did not take them long to
begin to put in an appearance, for cold
and hunger had made them very brave.
Black-capped Chickadees, Crested Tit-
mice, White-bellied Nuthatches and
Snow Buntings were about all that
came, for very few birds had been able
to live through those dreary weeks of
ice and snow.

The next winter I prepared for them
before the cold weather had fairly set
in. I fixed their table under shelter of
some evergreens near the house, where
I could watch them from a window,
myself unseen. It was a delightful
past-time, to listen to their chatter of
delight, and watch their cunning move-
ments as they flew from table to branch,
for they prefered carrying their food up
toa limb before eating it. The table
was replenished almost daily, thus their
food was always fresh. It seemed as
though all that had been there theprev-
ious year, had returned, bringing all
their friends with them. There were
Chickadees, Nuthatches, Titmice, Snow
Birds, three or four kinds of Wood-
peckers, Blue Jays and a few Cardinal
Grosbeaks, and Robins that were
brave enough to face our winter wiuds.
The Nuthatches were especially fond of
pumpkin and sunflower seeds, and
greedy little fellows they proved. them-
selves to be. They would not only eat
what they wanted there, but would ecar-
ry away what they could not eat, and
by spring every crack and crevice about
the trees was filled with seeds, securely

“wedged in by the busy little Nuthatch-
es.

| est friends during the summer,

A piece of fresh meat placed in atree,
out of reach of the cats and dogs, was a
source of never failing delight for the
Chickadees and Titmice. Many a noisy
quarrel arose among them, but they
were of short duration, and soon for-
gotten.

The Chipping Sparrows were my tam-
coming
daily for their allowence of crumbs.
They grew so tame they would readily
come into the house to pick up crumbs
that were strewn on the floor for them.

I feel that I was a thousand times re-
paid for my trouble, for many, mary
hours were spent in watching their
merry actions. I think any of the read-
ers who will take the trouble to feed
the little feathered jewels, will be amp-
ly repaid, by the pleasure thus afforded,
and the knowledge gained of their hab-
its.

Mrs. LILLIE PLEAS,
Clinton, Arkansas.

Nest and Eggs of the Rufous Hummingbird.
(Trochilus rufus.)

On the morning of May 1, 791, I
awoke early and was soon on my way
for a collecting trip. A cloudless sky,
a refreshing atmosphere and an ap-
proaching ray of sunshine, together
with a well filled basket of edibles, w ere
a few of the features that foretold an
eventful and pleasant experience in
oology, and sure enough my days out-
ing was successful in its entirety.

My first find was the subject of this
article, and my delight was at a prem-
ium.

Thad not gone far into the woods
when a female Rufous Hummer flew by
with a buzz, which told me there was a
nest near at hand. Upon looking
around, I at onee discovered its nest.
It was at the end of a branch, inasmall
oak, five feet up. Upon investigating
closely Ifound it contained two eggs
which were almost fresh. Their sizes
jare . .50 x .81 and .51 x .82. Eggs of this
Hummingbird like the rest of the fam-

158

THE OOLOGIST.

EEE

ily Trochilide are always white and us-
ually two in number, but I have known
of one instance where three eggs were
taken from one nest. The nest is a
handsome structure, composed in the
main of willow-floss and plant-downs.
The
green moss and light colored lichens,
much resembling the bunches of moss
fonnd in oak trees. —

On June 2d, I again went collecting

_in the same locality and noticed a pair
of Rufous Hummers acting rather
queer. They had been flying at several
warblers that came near a certain oak
tree, for some time so I seated myself
under its shade to study their actions,
trusting the female would alight on her
nest. Sure enough she did, and I was
again rewarded with a set of their eggs.
The nest was on a horrizontal limb and
in make up was similar to the first, but
the eggs were longer, being .54 x .31
and .58 x .31 in size.

All nests of this species found by me
have been near some creek and placed
in oak trees. This seems to be their
favorite nesting place. In the spring
of the year when the wild currant is in
blossom, one has a splendid opwportun-
ity in observing the habits of these little
beauties as they glitter in the sun light.

CLYDE L. KELLER,
Salem, Oregon.

The Chewink in Broome Co.
By Wiw’p N. CLutT4, BINGHAMTON,N.Y.

The article in the July OOLOGIST, on
the Chewink in Orleans County, devel-
oped several traits of the bird that are
so much at variance with what we
know of him in this (Broome) county,
that a few words in regard to his habits
here may prove interesting.

Orleans County, although farther
north, is much Jess elevated than ours,
and this, together with its proximity to
the great Jakes, should make the two
counties very nearly equal in respect to
climate, and, therefore, to the flora and

outside is covered with bits of

fauna. That this is so isshown by the
Chewink’s time of arrival from the
south in spring. Mr. Posson places the
bird’s appearance at about the 7th of
April. ‘That date is much too early for
us. A record of bird-arrivals for the
last six years, gives April 19, 1888, as

the earliest date of the Chewink’s arri-

val here, and May 10, 1889, as the lat-
est. It would, therefore, seem that our
seasons are later, and the Chewink
ought to be as common in Orleans Co.
as here.

From what I have learned of the Che
wink’s habits, he seems to prefer an ele-
vated region for his dwelling place. In
even large pieces of woodland on the
level, the voice of the Chewink is sel-
dom heard; but when we ascend to the
retired upland woods, the bird must be
marked as common. He does not,how-
ever, seem partial to the deep woods,
but is found commonly in the scrubby
growths and slashings that usually ad-
join Jarge tracts of timber. A rambler
in such places, in summér, is sure to
hear the Chewink’s call above all others,
and to get a glimpse of black and white
as the bird flits from one clump of bush-
es to another.

In conformity with his other habits,
the nest is seldom placed far in the
woods. One that I found on the 8th of
June, 1888, was placed in the edge of a
little bank that skirted a cart-path
through a bushy field. Some brush,
lately cut, formed a sort of concealment
for the nest, which contained four fresh
eggs.

Since the Chewink is not equally com-
mon in localities in nearly the same lat-
itude, it may possibly be due to the
higher elevation of the favored region.

The Carolina Wren Again.

Since my sketch on the Carolina
Wren, sent to you early in the spring,
I have had an interesting item of obser-
vation on its nesting. :

THE OOLOGIST.

159

eee eee en eet PTO Ut Pe Pe San PAR PRES YO ESL Oy MS Se ACS a ee

On the 21st of May last, I found a
nest with 4 eggs, the usual number,
nearly fresh. It was in a new field, on
low ground near a spring. The nest
was neatly tucked into a recess between
the roots of a chestnut stump; well
hooded over, so that the bird seemed to
‘enter through a large hole in the side, a
tuft of grass screening the entrance. It
was composed mostly of dried grasses,
Very fine and feathery, a few dried
leaves, intermixed with the outside, the
lining mostly of horse hair. The fine
white eggs specked with reddish brown,
look more like those of the Titmice and
‘Warblers, than like those of the Wren
family. Though the eggs ofthat family
‘vary greatly.

Let me here tack on a little note
along with Mr. Posson in your last
issue, on the Chewink in Orleans Co.,
N. Y., and around Buffalo. I used to
regard it a very rare bird in your Co.,
and believe with the above writer, that
the south shore of ‘Lake Ontario must
be about the northern limit of its hab-
itat. It is true, however, that it is quite
common in the immediate vicinity of
Buffalo, as stated by Mr. Bergtold.

In like manner, I used to find the
Brown Thrush very common around
Buffalo, while it was not at all common
in Orleans Co., N. Y. This species,
however, extends its habitat much far-
ther north. I found it common on
Manitoulin Island and in the LaCloch
Mountains, just south of Lake Super-
jor.

J. H. LANGILLE.

>< >

A Trip to Smith’s Island.

On the morning of May 21, ’91, I left
“Cobb’s Island, Va., with two friends at
6:30, and sailed down to Smith’s Island
in order to get afew specimens of the
Great Blue Heron. Smith’s Island is
‘about 20 miles down the coast, but the
way we had to go was fully 30 miles.
We had a head wind all the way, and it

<

a
SS ——————

was 11:15 when we arrived at our desti-
nation.

As soon as we landed the Fish Hawks
commenced flying around us, scream-.
ing all the time. There were lots of
their nests about, but I never saw any
thing to equal those of the Great Blue
Heron.

Some trees had as many as five in
them. I tried to climb tosome, but as
I had no “irons’’ with me, I had to give
up the job. The trees were tall dead
pines, with no bark and as smooth as a
telegraph pole.

I know a great many of the nests con-
tained young, because there were lots
of egg shells on the ground, and when
the old birds would fly over, high in the
air, the young ones would stand up in
the nest and stick their heads out to-
ward them.

I expect to go to Cobb’s Island again
next May, when I hope to be more sue-
cessful in the egging line.

Wm. N. FISHER,
Baltimore, Md.

More about the Iowa Hagles.

About two days after receiving my
February Ooxoeaist, I was told that an
Eagle had been caught and was on exhi-
hibition in Chas.Trizainski’s barber shop
window. I started at once for the bar-
ber shop and upon arriving there I saw
one of the largest Golden Eagles that
“srow,” and which measured six feet,
six inches from tip to tip.

It measured about two feet in length.
Its plumage was very ragged but still
showed its beauty. It was of a beauti-
ful gold color on the head and dark all
over the body; two light spots on the
wing, tail light, legs very strong ond
feathered to toes, color yellow, bill blue
black and very large. It seemed to
take kindly to captivity and has become
tame. It can be fed from the hand ane
does not care at all if any person pets
or strokes it, provided you do not touch

160

THE OOLOGIST.

its wings. It is, on the whole, a most
noble bird and inspires one with a feel-
ing of not exactly awe but something
similar.

A gentleman from Nebraska, who
has seen many, says this is a very large
one, the largest he ever saw and this 7
a young one.

This bird was captured about twelve
miles from Decorah and in a different
direction from Bluffton.

A. V. THOMSON,
Decorah, Ia.

Some Notes on the Breeding of the Carolina
Snowbird.
Junco hyemalis carolinensis.
BREWS.

Davie, in his ‘“Nest and Eggs,” says;
“According to Mr. Wm. Brewster this
new variety of the Black Snowbird dif-
fers from J. hyemalis in being larger,
with lighter, blue and more uniform
coloration, and a horn-colored instead
of pinkish white or yellowish bill. Mr.
Brewster found this bird at Highlands
and on the Black Mountains of Western
North Carolina. He states that it is
probable that the birds represent the
form which breeds on the mountains of
Virginia and Pennsylvania.”

I know of at least two breeding
grounds of the Carolina Snowbird in
West Virginia, one on Job’s Knob, the
other being Cold Knob in the western
part of Greenbrier county. At the last
named place only have I studied their
habits. Here at an altitude of prob-
ably 8500 feet I found them breeding
abundantly during May, Juneand July.
Iam positive from notes taken and ob-
servations made they raise at least two
broods in a season, probably three as I
found a nest containing three young, a
few days old, the latter part of August,
1889.

Their nests may be looked for along
‘the roadside under the overhanging
bank and in tussocks of grass at the
foot of a bush, but I have never yet

found a nest in a bush, although I have.
found at least twenty nests during two.
years collecting. They are quite tame,
allowing one to approach within a few:
feet before leaving the nest which. they .
do somewhat in the manner of the Oven.
Bird. The nests are generally a small.
quantity of moss and fine roots lined
with fine rootlets and a few feathers;they-
are about the size of the nests of the.
Pheebe in interial diameter.

The eggs cannot with certainity be-
distinguished from eggs of the Black
Snowbird, but probably average larger.
One set of eggs in my collection meas-
ure as follows: 16.5 x 13.1; 16.4 x 13.0;.
16.0 x 18.1; 16.0 x 18.0 millimeters. The.
average size of 30 specimens is 15.5 x
13.0 millimeters.

Mr. Wm. D- Doan,in his list of ‘‘Birds:
of West Virginia” ‘(Bulletin No. 3,

West Va. Agricultural Experiment,
Station) says: ‘‘Resident in the higher-
mountains. I found them August 26th,

on Rich Mountain, where I was-inform-
ed they breed.”

Dr. Wm. C. Rives, in his “Catalogue.
of the Birds of the Virginias” says,
“They are not found in the main Alle-
ghany Range near the White Sulphur
Springs.”

If they are not found in the main
Range they are very near it. Cold
Knob only lies 25 miles north-west of
White Sulphur Springs and near to the
main Alleghany Range, or at least a
spur of it.

THAD. SURBER,

June 8, 1891.

A Curious Find.

On the 26th day of April my cousin,
Thos. A. Smithwick, took a set of
Brown-headed Nuthatch of four eggs,
which also contained one single Blue~
bird’s egg. Can any one else record a.
case like this?

J. W. P. SMITH WICK,
Sans Souci, N. C,

THE OOLOGIST. ——

161

THE OOLOGIST

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Sys of birds. their Nests and Lggs, soltcited
om all.

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Black and White Creepers..

(Mmiotilia varia.)

This is one of the little birds which
ought to be respected by farmers and
husbandmen generally, on account of
his extreme usefulness.

He clears their fruit and forest trees
of myriads of destructive insects, par-
ticularly ants, although he does not ser-
enade them with his songs.

He seldom perches on the small twigs
but cireumambulates the trunk and lar-
ger branches, in quest of ants and other
insects with admirable dexterity. He
is evidently nearer related to the Creep
ers than to the Warbler, for his hind
claw is the largest, and his manner as
well as his tongue, which is long and
five pointed and horney at the extrem-

ity characterize him strongly as a true
Creeper.

He arrives here toward the latter
part of April and begins soon after to
build his nest.

One which I had good luck to discov-
er was fixed in the crack of the trunk
of a large tree, and was composed of
some fibers and dry leaves, lined with
hair and soft cotton like down.

It contained five young ones recently
hatched. This was on the 28th of Ap-
rail

At about the beginning of Oct. the
whole tribe leaves again for the warmer.
climate, probably the West Indies,
though I have bean informed that at,
least several of them have been per-
ceived in the Gulf States during the
whole winter.

The male and female are nearly alike
in plumage.

i E. E. HAMMETT, JR.,

Cleveland, O,

Nesting of the Sharp-shinned Hawk.

In my collecting this year I have
come across two nests of the Sharp-
shinned Hawk, (Accipiter fuscus) built,
no doubt, by the same pair of birds.

On May 16th, while starting out on a
collecting expedition with acompanion,
I observed a Hawk flying over a large
wood with something in its claws. I
watched it and saw it go down in a
patch of pines about a quarter of-a mile
distant. The pines, to which we im-
mediately went, covered perhaps five
acres, and were sparse and tall.at one
end and low and thick at the other,
While searching for the Hawk’s nest,
which we believed to exist in the pines,
a male Sharp-shinned came around us
several times uttering his peculiar ery.
At last we found the nest in the thin
pines, about thirty feet from the ground.
It was built uniformly of dead. pine
twigs, was about seven inches across in-
side and one inch in depth, and contain-

162

*

THE OOLOGIST.

“ed.two perfectly fresh eggs. They are of
a creamy-white ground color, marked
with confluent blotches of light reddish
‘brown. These eggs are the same size
~ at both ends.
The other nest we found May alist.
~ It was situated very near the first, and,
‘like it, was near the top of the pine tree
_ where two limbs branched off from the
_ body.

It was similar to the first except in
being a little deeper, and in having a
slight lining of pine bark scales and a
few feathers. This nest contained five
eggs, incubation just begun. These
differ from the others in being decided-
ly pointed at one end, and in being very

‘much lighter, the markings being hard-
ly darker than ash-color, on an ashy-
white ground,

The female bird was very bold. While
we were both up the tree packing the
eggs she Hew over us so close that 1]
could have reached her with my hand,
one of her wings actually striking my
companion on the shoulder. After we
had descended, he succeeded in shoot-

ing both the birds with his rifle.

We were particularly struck with the
difference in size they exhibited.

HAROLD B. STABLER,
Sandy Spring, Maryland.

Danger in Using Arsenical Soap.

As several cases (one fatal) of poison-
ing by arsenical soap have come to my
notice, I think a few words on its dan-
gerous properties might not be amiss.

The common white arsenic of com-
merce (Oxide of Arsenic) when mixed
with some animal matter as the fat in
soap, fat skins, or any other albumenoid
substance, forms one of the most, if not
the most dangerous poisons known, the
Ptomaine of Arsenic, as follows

All flesh and fats after a short expos-
eure to air begin to decay, one of the
products of decay is a cadaveric alka-
loid, called a Ptomaine, the decay suffi-

cient to form Ptomaine might not. be :
noticable.

Now when you make ‘Aysomtals soap
you probably take some cheap. soap.
that has been made out of half putrid
fat, mix your Arsenic with it and cork
it up, now this corking up
seems to favor the formation of the
Ptomaine, or keep it from evaporating,
as it has always been noticed that mat-
ter that has been exposed to the air and
then closed up contains more Ptomaine
than those just exposed to the air.

This Ptomaine as soon as it forms
unites with the arsenic and forms Pto-
maine of Arsenic.

The poisonous qualities of arsenic
and the Ptomaine of Arsenic might be
compared tol and 100, besides which
the following must be considered, that
there is no antidote for the Ptomaine,
while Per-Oxide of Iron, or iron rust is
one for arsenic, that it is voltile and
ean be inhaled, while arsenic is not;
that it can be absorbed through the
pores, while the little arsenic it would
be possible to absorbe would act only
as a tonic, while the Ptomaine acts
only as a verulent septic poison in all
cases; that the lye in the soap favors
the entrance of the poison by softening
and more or less removing the epider-
mis of the skin.

Many taxidermists have remarked the
effects of arsenical soap. I find the
following by Maynard:

“Tt is a fact to which I can bear pains
ful testimony that they are, especially
when applied to greasy skins, poisonous
to the extreme. JI have been so badly
poisoned when working on the skins of
some fat water birds that had been pre-
pared with arsenical]l soap as to be ser:
iously ill.”

Coues’ also makes remarks to
same effect.

It is not necessary to injure you to
take enough of the Ptomaine to kill
you, as a small might produce much
trouble not easily accounted for.

the

THE OOLOGIST. | 163

IT may sayin conclusion though Ar-| eggs of Mongolian Pheasant. Nest in

senical Ptomaine may form in skins pre-;same field and under an oak grub the
‘pared with pure arsenic there is not|same as the other, eggs pale, greenish,
nearly the danger, as with the soap,|cream, a few spotted sparingly with
‘but it is as Maynard says: ‘‘Arsenic | olive, average size 1.66 x 1.23.

and grease are generally a blood poi-| May 12th. Took a set of 7 fresh eggs

son.” of the Oregon Ruffed Grouse. The nest,
Harry B. SARGENT. unlike most nests of this species, was

: not concealed or at least did not seem

Interesting Notes from Oregon. so, as it was placed between two fir sap-

oe ! lings in plain sight 10 or 12 ft. away; it
I send you afew extracts of my ’91| was hollow in ground, lined wifh leav-
notes thinking perhaps they might pos-|es. ‘a
sibly be interesting to some of the read-| Eggs cream, three being spotted very
ers of the OOLOGIST. ; sparingly with light brown, average
April 5th. Found a Steller’s Jay’s| size 1.60 x 1.24
nest completed. The bird beganlaying| June 14th. Found a nest of Mongo-
the 14th and April 20th took a set of 5| lian Pheasant; it was a hollow ina tus:
eggs. Nest made of sticks, twigs and|sock of timothy containing one egg lay-
moss, lined with rootlets, measured 9|ing on bare ground; there was not any
inches across and 6 inches high on out-| more next day, and its a puzzler to me
side, 34 in. x 2 in. inside; and placed on| to know how that egg got there. Can
a limb ofa fir tree about 16 ft. high;) anyone make a suggestion?
eggs pale, greenish, spotted, rather] The following receipt I have used for
thickly at larger ends; average size 1.23x | the last year successfully for removing
coeeuee stains, althongh may not be new to
April 19th. Took a set of 14 eggs of | many I hope it will to a few:
Mongolian or Ring Pheasant. Cover the eggs 18 or 24 hours with
The nest was in a field of thick ‘Oak | butter-milk, too long will spoil them;
Grubs” placed under an oak grub, made |.care should be taken to wash the eggs
of leaves in hollow in ground, measures | thoroughly, immediately after taking
8 in. across and 3 in. deep. Eggs were|them out of the butter-milk.
a brownish cream with a faint green ARTHUR L. POPE,
tinge, average size 1.56 x 1.32. Yamhill Co., Oregon.
The Pheasant’s note or ‘‘crow’’ con-

><> >—+

‘Sists of two syllables uttered with a| Where is the Southern Breeding Limit of the
harsher voice than our domestic cock Robin?

and resembles er er; immediately after
crowing they flap their wings making a.|_ J would like to hear from any reader
noise like the Ruffed Grouse. of the OoLoGisT who has in his collec-

I set three eggs and succeeded at the| tion eggs of the Robin (M. migratoria)
end of 22 days in hatching one little] taken in either of following states:
Pheasant looking very much like a Georgia, Alabama or Mississippi. Or
brown leghorn chick. in Arkansas or Indian Territory, near

The little fellow done well and follow- | or south of latitude 350. Also along
ed the hen, but persisted in going
ahead; in three days it required a lively
pace to catch him, but one morning
nothing was to be seen of it.

May 1ith. Took a set of 13 fresh

trying to find the southern breeding
limit of this bird in the Mississippi Val-
ley.

Would like especially to hear from

the southern border of Tennessee. Am -—

164

1

THE OOLOGIST.

SS

observers residing in above states (in

proximity to latitude 350) as to wheth-
er this bird nests in their localities.

J.T. PARK, |

Warner, Tenn, -

Queries Answered.

C. D. H., Newfane, Vt.—Your spar-
row is doubtless the White-crowned.

R. B., Claremont, N. H.—The de-
scription of your nest and eggs resem-
bles that of the Acadian Flycatcher.

R. H., New Castle, Ind.—Is not your
bird the Song Sparrow?

E. L. Wi Thornton’s Ferry, N. H.—
Your nest was that of the Gt. Crested
Flycatcher.

A. H. C., Nobles Co., Minn.—Writes
of taking a set of Black-throated Bunt-
ing and wishes to know if it breeds
farther north.

B.S., Detroit, Mich., writes:

“On June 8, 1891, I found the nest of
a Song Sparrow built in an apple-tree
about six feet from the ground contain-
ing three fresh eggs. Tne nest was in
a sort of hoilow at the end of a limb.
Isn’t it rather unusual for the Song
Sparrow to build in a tree?”

The Song Sparrow’s nest has been
found almost ‘‘everywhere’’—finding
them in an apple-tree is rather an unus-
ual, but not a rare, occurrence.

C. BE. H., Russellville, Ind.—The birds
which you describe are Indigo Bunt-
ings.

C. W., York Sta., Ala.—The crow of
your locality is undoubtedly the com-
mon variety.

Answers to that Turkey Vulture Query.

In the Ootoeist for this month you
ask who ean tell if the Turkey Vulture
occupies a nest more than one season.
Two instances have come under my ob-
servation where they have been known
to occupy the same nest more than one

season, one haying been occupied two,

‘years, the other three,

Two sets were
taken from the latter in one year (1890)
and one set has already been taken this
season. :
JOHN HOWARD,

Tarboro N.C.

| In regard to Turkey Vultures occu-

pying the same nest more than one sea-~
son would like to give you a few lines
here and there from my note book.

March 28, 1888. Took a set of two,
fresh Buzzard eggs from a hollow
stump at Levy Lake.

Mar. 15, ’89. Took a set of two fresh
eggs from the same nest which resemb-
les very much the set taken the prev-~
ious year, undoubtedly the same bird.

Mar. 20, ’89. I took a set of two fresh
eggs from a little cave in an open field.

Mar. 15, 90. Took a set of two eggs
from same cave and on April 80th took
one more egg, incubation advanced.

This season (91) I took two more sets,
from the same nest. The set taken
Mar. 16, was fresh, the last set taken
May 28th, was badly incubated. [
know of still another nest from which a,
set of Vulture eggs has been taken ever
season since 1887.

However I know of instances where
Vultures have deserted their old nest-
ing site after having been robbed, but,
once, so could not say that they always
use the same nest more than onee.

T. G. PEARSON,
Archer, Fla.

In reply to A. G.’s query would say I
know of a hollow tree which has been
used for six years by a pair of Turkey
Vultures, and have heard of two other
trees which have been used for about
ten years. I find when they are once
robbed they desert the tree or stump.
I have collected four sets in the last six

| years and could have taken others, but.

lam no egg hog. Iam satisfied with a
few sets. From what Il know of their
habits I believe they would always lay
in the same nest if not disturbed.

Mr. K. Atkinson, of Dime Box, Tex.,
says he has only been able to approach
them on two oceasions. Would say of
the four sets I collected I had to raise
the bird off the nest of three, the first [
found by accident, while walking
through the thick brush I stumbled over
a hollow stump and the Vulture flew
past me; on looking in stump I discov~
ered a set of two fine eggs perfectly
fresh. Ifa Vulture remains on nest,

THE OOLOGIST.

165

——_—.s eee

tantalize with a stick she will vomit and
then the danger is over as she cannot
renew the attack ot at least they never
have for me.
C. BYRON VANDYCOOK,
Odin, Ill.

“Meadow Larks and Turkey Buzzards’ (?)

Oh yes, Texas has some birds besides
Meadow Larks and Turkey Buzzards.
I have been interested in our feathered
friends for some years; have also been
a collector in a small way. ’Tis true
one may lide an entire day behind a
slow horse and never see a bird in
Texas, but that has been my experience
only on the Staked Plains, but even
there around the little settlements one
meets our little friends. I have seen
there the Lark Sparrow and his sweet
song can be heard almost any moonlit
night, and to my mind ’tis as sweet a
song as our caged yellow pets ever ut-
tered, true it may not be so varied, but
the sweetness of tone is superior. This
little bird is I fear much underrated by
those who see him most.. His Texas
name is Wheatbird.

Ihave found nesting in Dallas and
adjoining counties, the Yellow-breasted
Chat, Lark Sparrow, Dickcissel, Spar-
row Hawk, Flicker, Cardinal, Black-
capped Titmouse, Blue Gray, Gnat-
catcher, Scissor-tailed Flycatcher, Or-
chard Oriole, House Wren, Mourning
Dove, Mockingbird, Red-headed Wood-
pecker, Chuck- Will’s- Widow, Night
Hawk, Sereech Owl, Yellow Warbler,
Crow, Blue Jay, Bob-white, Bronzed
Grackle, Crested Flycatcher, Bell’s
Vireo, Red-winged Blackbird, Yel-
low-billed Cuckoo, Painted Bunting,
Indigo Bird, Belted Kingfisher, Pinnat-
ed Grouse and several hawks and. owls
that I’ve never placed. This is only a
partial list, there are many others I
don’t call to mind just now. I have
spent many pleasant hours tramping
about and trying to get better acquaint-
ed with our birds and deducting Mead-

ow Larks and Turkey Buzzards have
found “plenty to study and admire,
While we are on Meadow Larks I'll tell
you of an egg Ihave of that bird, ’tis
one of a set of four, regulation size and
ground color, but the reddish brown
spatches are as large as a finger nail
and nearly hide the ground color. Let
us hear from our Texas boys.
FRANCOIS,
Dallas, Texas.

Seaside School of Biology.

Mr. Frank H. Lattin, Dear Sir:
Our school
of Biology will open July 6th, continu-
ing to Aug. 29th. The deanship is held
by Geo. Macloskie, D. Se., L. L. Dor’
Princeton College, who will be assisted
in terrestrial work by John E. Petere,
A.M., D. Se., and in the Laboratory
work by Arthur M. Miller, A. M., Prof,
of Biology, Wilson College.
Mr. Dumas Watkins, of Princeton
;Col., will be the collector of marine
specimens.

Students having microscopes are re:
quested to bring them. A dozen micro-
scopes will be supplied for the use of
experienced persons. Instructions will
also be givenin the use of the micro.
scope. .

The building is planned to have sep-
arate floor and foundation and the
north-west corner specially well lighted
for fine work.

We will have this year accommada-
tions for 30 or 40 students. Two boats

‘| are in service, a well arranged library,

also cases for preserving mounted spec.
imens and a herbarium. Running salt
and fresh water, and aquaria and other
appliances will be found in the labora:
tory.

Come and see us.

Wo. M. ALBERTI, See.,
Ayvon-by-the-Sea., N. J.

Sorry we cannot be there, but trust

many of the OoLoeist’s readers will join

the class. They will find it of interest,
profit and pleasure.—Ep.

166

THE OOLOGIST.

World’s Fair Notes.

An extensive display of postage
stamps may be expected at the World’s
Fair.. The American Philatelic Assoe-
iation and the Philatelic Society of New
York have both appointed committees
to work to that end.

California may show at the World’s
Fair, as a part of its exhibit, the finest
collection of minerals in the United
States. Instead of making a special
collection as was done for the New Or
leans, Philadelphia and Paris exposi-
tions, there is a strong probability that
the state will send the magnificent col-
lections belonging to the State Mining
Bureau Museum. The State University
has the collection of the State Geologi-
cal Survey, the Voy collection, Hanks
collection, Keene collection, and several
others. These are all classified, wrang-
ed, identified and labeled. Each county
and district in the state is properly re-
presented. Every department of the
mining industry has its separate place
with locality indicated. No other state
or territory of the Union has any such
collection as belong to California now.

Tulare, California, proposes to furn-
ish a very novel exhibit for the Fair.
From a gigantic redwood tree, 390 feet
high, ane 20 feet in diameter, will be
cut two lengths forty-five feet long, and
these will be transformed into full-sized
railway coaches by hollowing out the
interior. The rough-bark of the tree
will be left on the roof and on the sides
the natural wood will be left unpolish-
ed. The interior will be finished after
the style of Pullman cars. ‘One will be
a buffet dining car, with bath, barber-
shop and kitchen, and the other asleep-
er, with observation room. Ordinary
ear trucks will be put underneath, and
the men of Tulare, with their wives and
children, will make the trip to Chicago
in these strange coaches and live in
them while there. The intention is to
keep these cars in the Expositiongrounds
and to sell as mementos the portions of
the tree cut away in their construction.

Captain Alexander Rodgers, the spec-
ial World’s Fair Commissioner to Bra-
zil, reports that the botanical exhibit
from that country will be the finest ever
made. The director of the botanical
garden at Rio de Janeiro, Dr. J. Barbo-
za Rodriguez, probably the leading
scientist in that republic, is taking a

great interest in the work of preparin
afine display for ‘Chicago, He wil
send the fullest possible collection of
plants, and make a full exhibit of or-
chirds and palms, on both of which he
is a high authority, having himself dis-
covered over five hundred new varities
of, orchids and fifty new varieties of
palms. He will send also his private
ethnological collection of over a hun-
dred pieces, the most valuable and the
rarest that he found during his stay in
the Amazon country. Dr. Ladislao
Neeto, the director of the national mus-
eum at Rio., is also very earnest in hav-
ing a fine exhibit at Chicago, and has
already made requisition for funds for
that purpose. Dr. Neeto organized the
Brazilian section of the Berlin fisheries
exhibition, and promised to get up a
similar display for Chicago. This may:
be given to the United States fishery:
commission in exchange for something
of theirs.

The fish exhibit at the World’s Col.
umbian Exhibition is to be a wonderful
one, and not the least interesting por-
tion of it, naturally, will be the Aquar-
ial or Live Fish display. This will be
contained ina circular building 185 feet
in diameter, standing near one extrem-
ity of the main Fisheries building, and
ina great curved corridor connecting
the two.

In the center of the circular building
will be a rotunda sixty feet in diameter,
in the middle of which will be a basin
or pool about twenty-six feet wide from
which will arise a towering mass of
rocks covered with moss and lichens.
From clefts and crevices in the rocks

crystal streams of water will gush and

drop to the masses of reeds, rushes, and
ornamental semi-aquatie plants in the
basin below. In this pool gorgeous gold
fishes, golden ides, golden tench, and
other fishes will disport. From the
rotunda one side of the larger series of
aquaria may be viewed. ‘These will be
ten in number and will have a capacity
of seven thousand to tweney-seven
thousand gallons of water.

The entire length of the glass fronts
of the aquaria will be about 575 feet or
over 3,000 square feet of surface. They
will make a panorama never before
seen in any exhibitica and will rival
the great permanert aquariums of the
world not onlyin siz~k.¢ in all other

respects.

THE OOLOGIST. 167

OUR

Sixth Season

AT
CHAUTAUQUA

During July and August, 1891.

We have two stores at Chautauqua,N.
Y., one in the Pier House and the other
in the New Arcade Building.

Should any of my patrons happen in
the vicinity of Chautauqua during their
summer yacation, I trust they will
make it a point to “step in.” We have
on exhibition and for sale thousands of
Specimens, Curiosities,; Novelties and
Souvenirs. ~

PIER HOUSE.

PP TEA GR AAs

nternational Fair & Exposition

— TO BE HELD AT——_

DETROIT, MICH.
AUGUST 25, TO SEPTEMBER 4, 1801. ,

Frank H. Lattin will have a ‘‘carload”’ of Birds’ Eggs, Sea Shells, Corals,
Natural History Speciniens and Curiosities of all kinds.

Duplicate specimens will be sold at surprisingly low prices.

“Lattin will personally attend the exhibit during the Exposition and would
be pleased to meet any of his patrons. Should you visit the Fair, do not fail to
visit Lattin’s Exhibit, which you will find on the second fioor, at the south end of
the main building (same location as in ’89-’90.) The exhibit will occupy 500 ft.
floor space with 50 ft. frontage.

AT THR

Inter-State Fair and Exposition

TO BE HELD AT ELMIRA, N. Y.
SEPT. Ist-9th.

We have agreed to make a big exhibit of Indian Relies. If you attend the
‘fair do not miss seeing our exhibit we expect to have $2,000.00 worth of Indian
Relics on exhibition all of which will be for sale,

“Lattin” expects to personally be at Elmira, Sept. 7,8 and 9 and would be
pleased to ‘‘shake’’ with any of his numerous patrons of that vicinity, who hap-
pen around.

At Elmira we shall doubtless hsve a good assortment of Shells, Curios, and
Souvenirs for sale at wonderfully low rates.

WHY NOT.
Make An Exhibit at Your Fair?

Don’t you think it would pay you to obtain
a stock of, Oe: anywhere from $10. to $100.
worth, of shells, agates and curios to add a
variety to your present collection, and maa
an exhibit at your own and neighboring Fairs
this Fall?

There’s $$ In It

Ata good Fair, with a suitable display you
could eal from $10. to $100. per day, upon
which there would be a GOOD BIG profit.

Now we will have lots or just such material
on hand at Chautauqua, Detroit and Elmira,
that will remain unsold, rather than ship
back home will sell at very low rates, if it
would be inconvenient for you to personally
make your selections at any of the above
places, but will send me the amount you wish
to invest and give me an inkling of about
What you want I will personally and judi-
ciously make a selection for you that I will
guarantee to give you big satisfaction in
every particular and will make the prices to
you lower than you could possibly duplicate
elsewhere.

Remember I also carry a full line of Agate,
Spar, Lee and Shell Jewelery and Nov-
elties. rite what you want.

Faithfully,

| FRANK H, LATTIN.
Albion, N. Y.

Ts

Haw
an

_ thing that every collector should have.

10 FINE PRINTED ectorea® with name.

ate uh

OLOGIST.

AW UNPARALLELED OFFER

Any person send ng

= A Tr 7 T :

Bor INVENTORS. 40-page BOOK FREE. Address

us 15¢ 1efore Sep 15,

Curios. Minerals, pels Se ere een My tS ene
Naturalists Supplies ;Singing an ancy Birds. | }5 = 3
Pulximg Parrots, Goldfish and Aquarium ST COKINTENTLYINTOTHE CAMERAS
Stock. Send Stamp fer Catalogues, Price lists | | FORTENSECONDS.THENQUICKLY

Piant, Instantaneous
Photograph? Camera
(will be sold separately

W.T. Fitzgerald, Attorney at Law, Washington D.C. a aS ore.
MMMINIEN Gk OR Se eke OG sk iff are oe nie es will, in oes to
Carr's Natural History and Bird Stores, | |? sitstantanaus Jena prepaid ee follow
Ae i ne
Taxidermy. Bird Skins and Eges. Shells. | |: “HOTO gjimg.articles. viz:
i & “HOCHEMICALS REQUIRED i Mexican Resurrection
4

and Publications. AMTHDRAWTHE SHUTTERAND 3 | FOX 10c, te Ja ae Nau
LIKENESS WILL APPEAR. pe CRESS nave
Cc. F. CARR, -° a ope, 1 Lei f from Jay an-

ese Book, | pkg. Scra
Pictures, 10 varieties cr
Foreign Stamps, Con-
pon good for 25e on an
order of $1.00 or over.

The entire package
will be sent you by re-
tum mail. prepaid for
only 15e. address,

Jett i Madison, Wis.
Pub. oi Wis Naturalist, 50c per year.

er

' Rare California Views.
“Enclose stamp for catalogue. Sampie of
VieWS Will be sent upon reveipt of 2 cents.
California Art Gallery, Santa Rosa. Cal.

If IS INDISPUTABLE that more; CURIO NOWVBRITY Go.
eases of DYSPEPSIA, INDIGESTION, Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Y.
WEAK STOMACH, BILIOUS and Gas- }
tric Derangement are cured by HUM-}

PHREY’S SPECIFIC No. TEN than by} WM. G. SMITH,

a'l other remedies put together. —COLLECTOR OF—
| Birds, Mammals and Edés,
LOVELAND, COLORADO.

B L. FR D G I / / Ss 4 ; Imake a specialty of mailing birds same day

as skinned, or sent in the flesh after subjecting
,) them toa preservative preparation. Enclose
‘Stamp for Price List.

Fa a A

a
PAULL ELC |

_ An iiustrated pricelist of Electrotypes o
Birds sent free. Just the thing to use on your |
letter heads, circulars. etc. Engraving to or-
der. H. A. CARHART, Syracuse, N.Y. .

_____|400° yarteries or stamps $4.00
The Horned Frog. Duplicates can be returned.
eae . AN UNUSUAL OFFER
This harmless little creature is some- | W. B. GRRANY,.

ts 2 : 827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL.
Whey require no feeding if allowed | Catalogue for stamp.

run free among the honse plants, ete.

—e

Every collector has heard of this won-

AR i i ive Fels!
Bee iy express prepaid Toe ve | OUBVSPECIAIIIN
delivery guaranteed. Is .
Low Prices and Good Wook

K. K. CoLrert,
1400 Colorado St., Austin, Tex.

We do all Job Printing in the latest and
best styles, at bottom prices,

Printed to order with neatness and dispatch.

; Summer Complaints.

Multitudes of children every summer
die from what is known as Summer
Complaint, Diarrhea, Cholera Infantum
and Dysentery. Humphreys’ Specifics
Nos. Four, Five and Six are safe—cur-
ing thousands.

Data Blanks, Naturalists’ Labels, Cards,
Note Heads, Envelopes, Tags,
‘Price Lists &c.

Send us a copy or write us what you want,
and get our prices “before giving orders else-
where. We willsave youmoney. Address,

business and address, for 40c.. postpaid.
Cards and Letter Heads at saine price.
100 each for only $1. (Ss Agents wanted. Big
pay. Outfit5c. A.M.EDDY, Albion, N.Y.

W.A. CROOKS & CO.,
GILMAN. ILL.

THE KODAK CAI
“ Vou press the
we do the rest. .

| : Eight

. j

(>For sale by

in Photo. Stock Dealers.

button,
(OR YOU can DO IF aN : ‘
Styles and Sizes

ALL LOADED WITH

Rte Sry

Transparent Films, —

Send for Catalogue. ;

THE EASTMAN COMPANY, Rochester, Nee on

who

YOU FURNISH THE COPY,

“WE DO THE REST!

We print everything from a Visiting Card to
a Dictionary, at as low prices as consistent with
good work. Jcb Printing, Stereotyping and
Bindine. Send for new price list. or estimate.
Address, A. M. EDDY, Albion, N. Y,

FOS in § 10 Species, 385¢; 20 for Toc; 35 for $1.50;
i NOLL ’ 50 for $3.00; 75 for $8.00, Til. List.
AyY FRANK KINNE, Knoxville, Lowa.

A POCKET PRINTING STAMP,
CANNOT OPEN WHILE IN THE POCKET. A
NAME ON THIS NEW >

MIDERE S2.00 PRT
a “WORTH OF GOODS iv
iy Selected from Mr. Lattin’s ;

Price List, to any

STAMP WITH INK ONLY
TWENTY-FIVE CENTS.

person
will get up a club of 25 names.

Reference MR. BP. H. LATTIN.

This is a good chance to add specimens to your col-
lection. Try getting up the club. Address, ~

R. W. FORD, Bristol, Conn. ~

THE DISABILITY BILL IS A LAW,

Holdiers disabled since the war ave entitled

Dependent widows and parents now depen-
dent. whose sons died from effects of army Ser-

vice are included. If you wish your ‘claim
speedily and successfully prosecuted. address.

JANES TANNER,

Late Com’r of Pensions, Washington, D, C.

PENSIONS -

?

\!

oO
A (|

Monthly.

VOL. VIII.

IRIRIRIRAIT RT
V

> (OLOGISY,

J ee TOF ONC cea

ALBION, N. Y., SEPT., 1891.

2

50c. per Year.

t

No. 9

Exchanges and Wants.

Brief spetial anncuncements, ‘“‘Wants,” “hx-
changes’ inserted in this department for 25c
per 2 words. Notices over 2 words, charged
at the rate of one-half cent per word. No
notice inserted for less than 25c. Notices
which are merely indirect methods of soliciting
cash purchasers cannot be admitted to these
eolumins under any circumstances. Terms,
eash with order. ,

HAVE you read Lattin’s “Exchange Extra-
ordinary” in this OOLOGIST?

WANTED.—To exchange, Mississippi Kite
1-2, with datum, for other sets with data. Semi-
rare. Address, J. W. P. SMITHWICK, Sans
Souci, N. C.

: TO EXCHANGE.—J have first-class Califor-

; nia sets and singles to exchange for Hastern

f sets with data. Send your lists and receive
mine. ALMA KING, San Bernardino, Califor-
nia.

HAVE YOU NOTICED new list of common
eggs wanted and desirable eggs offered in Lat-
fin’s “Exchange Extraordinary” in this QoLOo-
GIST? iH

WANTED.—A. O. U. Nos. 333. 360, 373, 877a,
and any other desirable eggs. For which I will
sive stamps oreggs. HARRY O. TROUNCE,
14 Collier St., Toronto, Canada. @

EGGS IN SETS with complete datas: for ex-
change for same. Also a few singles. Send
your list and receive mine. All letters answer-
ed. W. A. OLDFIELD, Port Sanilae, Mich.

SEE!—I will give twenty-five periwinkle
shells, from Lake Erie. for every ten cents
worth of curios. sent me. ALLEN OGDEN,
Brocton, N. Y.

TO EXCHANGE .—Buffon’s Natural History
1m fine condition for best offer of perfect Indian
ee opuends. P. P. NORRIS, North Topeka,

ans,

TO EXCHANGE.—For the best offer of jten-
mis racquet set 14 486, set 44 335 (Ridgeway’s) 1
Indian tommahawk and grinder. ART. BID-
WELL, Box 248, Baldwin, Kansas.

WANTED.—Double - barreil breech - loading
shot-gun 12 or 16 gauge: will give “Frst steps in
Scientific Knowledge.’ (Paul Bert) 1000 clean ci-
garette pictures, 100 varieties foreign stamps,
thirty arrowheads. Indian axe and club, collec-
tion of end-blown eggs, value over $5.00. Write
and send lists: great bargain, Address, AR-
THUR DUGAN, West Point, Miss.

HAVE you read Lattin’s “Exchange Extra-
ordinary” in this OOLOGIST? __

TO EXCHANGE.—I have fine f. ¢. bird skins
and eggs to exchange for the followin.: Clim-
bers, shot-gun, rifle, books on taxidermy, orni-
thology or oology, camera, telescope or violin.
All letters and cards answered. JNO. L.
HOOPER, Lake Mills, Wis. ;

SETS WITH DATA and singles of this local-
ity for Western eggs. Send list and receive
mine. GHO. H. GRAY, 1326 N. Mount St., Bal-
timore, Md. 5 5

EXCHANGE.—Will exchange minerals and
woods for same. Send list and receive mine in
return. Letters answered. CRITT C. IVORY,
Smithville, Jeff. Co., N. Y.

TO EXCHANGE.—Herons, Grackles. Mock-
ingbird and other eggs from this locality. for
same. Send list. JESSE MILLER, 184 Dallas
St., Houston, Texas. }

A BARGAIN.—400 eggs, 60 different kinds, in
sets and single. First-class in every respect.
Collected in this locality. O.H. BRAUGHLER,
Santa Rosa, Cal.

SSSA SE ON a EIN SLI TaD be TN ey

TO EXCHANGE.—Beautiful Mineral Speci-
mens from Nevada, Wyoming. Colorado, Ore-
gon, Idaho, and Utah. Whathave you to ex
change? Write. EARLE A. BROOKS, French
Creek, West Virginia.

TO EXCHANGE.—Sixty “Argosies, twelve
books and water blower, for thé best offer in
birds’ eggs. Address, LOUIS WEHLE, 631 EB.
Main St., Rochester, N. Y.

WANTED.—Files or odd copies of any Nat-
ural History publications. Send lists. Will
give first-class job printing for files, for what I
can use. WILL A. CROOKS, Gilman, Ilis.

FOR EXCHANGEH.—Will exchange single
eggs of 507, 501, 465, 461, 438, 494, 387, 38, 511D,595,
598. 613, 652, 704, 756, 619, 622a, A. O. U., for sin-
gles notin my collection. Send lists of what
you have to exchange. W.J. WRT, P.O. Box
23, Oak Orchard, Orleans Co., N. Y.

BIRDS’ EGGS.—First-class sets of 219. 214,
387, 420a, 447b. 538, 5389. 605 and others for same.
Two Burrowing Owls for best offer of eggs.
MERLIN C. JOHNSON, Aberdeen, S. Dak.

a LT Ee IT

ATTENTION COLLECTORS !—I have Oliver
Davie’s latest work on the nests and 6eg8 of
North American birds bound in cloth and gilt
in perfect condition, new and clean that I will
exchange for best offer of old dollars, half dol-
lars, quarters, dimes, half dimes, copper cents.
Send lists stating year and condition. P. Pr
NORRIS, North Topeka, Kansas.

A et v4
Ba papsny scans?

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued.

HAVE youread Lattin’s “Exchange Extra-
ordinary” in this OOLOGIST?

TO EXCHANGE.—A heavy 22-cal. rifle, War-
nant action, for best offer of first-class land
birds’ eggsin sets. STANLEY E. WYLLIE,
Sanford, Fla. ;

WHAT AM I OFFERED for Davie’s Key 3rd
edition. cloth bound, new four dollar fiel d-glass.
two volumes of OOLOGIST and taxidermists’
implements. PAUL HUN TINGTON, 826 Ma-
son St., Green Bay, Wis.

WANTED.—Best offer for Ornithologist and
Oologist for ’87, ’88, ’89, 90. A complete file of
OoLOGisT down to ‘present, for first-class birds
eggs in sets, or duplicate volumes of Ornitholo-
gical magazines. I desire to obtain several vol-
umes of the Auk. If you have any, send price.
Address, WALTER EF. WEBB, Geneva, N. Y.

TO EXCHANGE.—Sets and singles with data
of 305 5-1, 316 7-2, 387 1-4 1-3, 444 1-3 3-4, 466a 1-3 1-4,
467 1-3 1-4, 474b 1-4 1-8, 495 15-1, 498 1-4 1-8, 501 1-3,
5lib 1-5 1-4 1-3, 529 1-4 1-3, 604 1-4 1-3, 610 2-3, 613 1-5
1-4, 652 1-5 1-4, 704 1-4 1-3, 761 14 1-3, (A. O. U.
Nos. ) for sets with data or a “Eureka” shot-
Shell crimper (second hand) or a few lined
trays. CARLETON BALL, Little Rock, Iowa.

.TO EXCHANGE.—Large collection of South
Carolina Birds’ Eggs, Indian and War Relics,
Petrified Shells from Darlington; also Large
collection of Stamps for Safety Bicycle. A. W.
HOFFMAN, Darlington, S.C.

I WANT GOOD TYPICAL selected nests of
Solitary Vireo, Red-eyed Vireo, Marsh Wren,
Wagtail, Wren, Golden-crested Wren, Blue
Yellow-backed Warbler, Blue-winged Yellow
Warbler, Chipping Sparrow, Starling Oven-
bird, Phoebe, Yellow Warbler, Indigo, Red-
winged Blackbird and Blue-gray Gnateatcher.
FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y.

TO EXCHANGE.—I have a number of Nat-
ural History books, each containing 620 pages,
With over 500 illustrations, exchange price $2.00

per copy. Wanted desirable eggs in sets: send
lists. N. P. BRADT, Eagle Harbor, Orleans
Co., N. Y.

WANTED a pair of Screech Owls. (scaps asio)
in good condition. State lowest cash price. P.
eT ONE 121 Honore St., Chicago,

1.

EXCHANGH.—A. O. U. No.’sin sets, 5la 44,
106-1, 201 4, for sets from other localities. D.
W. RAYMOND, Norwalk, Conn.

800 CIGARETTE pictures, 4albums, second
class eggs of 357, 516: and others, to exchange
foreges. Make offer. R. P. GILLESPIRE,
Starky ille, Miss.

FINE Specimens of Opals 15 and 25c exchange
for sets only, 25, 35e. Agates 15¢ exchange 25c.
Both from Pacific, also sea-moss and shells for
exchange. ED WALL, San Bernardino, Calif.

FIRST-CLASS Singles, Ridgeway, 85, 186,
198, 202, 218, 241, 246, 320, 455, 492, 520, 525. 512, 643,
475, 683, 729, 285, 290, 290a, 198, 268, 256, 678. A. O.
339a, and sets 64014, 585 1-1, 494 14, 495 14, 541

14, 469 14, 464 %, 465 14, 366 4%, 312 1-5, 61 14, for
first- class original sets. Ihave a hunting-case,
stem-winding watch to exchange for best offer
of sets. Send onyour lists. W. L. MORSE,
ALPS Onondaga Co. Savings Bank, Syracuse,

THE OOLOGIST.
1

HAVE YOU NOTICED new Vist | Koy
eggs wanted and desirable eggs offered

GIST?
‘

WANTED.—Arrow points and Birds’ rare in
Have in exchange Fossil —

sets and singles.
Shells, Fossil Coral, petrified Moss, fresh and
salt-water Shells, 50 varieties of wood in three
different forms. All the above goods are first-
class. I will send my goods first.
like to correspond with collectors in Florida
and Texas.
City, lowa.

TO EXCHANGE.—First-class singles and or-

iginal sets with data, for like singles and sets.
Send list and receive mine. Address, JOHN
HAMMITT, College Hill, Ohio.

TO EXCHANGE.—New Winchester aid Mar-
lin Repeaters and Shattuch’s guns. Want a

double breech loader. a large telescope and a —

camera. CHAS. FOWLER, Princetown, N. Y.

WANTED.—First-class single eggs of hawks,
owls, herons, gulls, terns, shriks. Will ex-
change rare U. S. and Foreign stamps, air rifle
and printing press. HARRY M. BLACKBURN,
JR., 65 Charles St., Toronto, Ont.

TO EXCHANGE.—First-class sets with full
data of 128, 155, 197, 282, 300, 375, 420, 431, 439, 494
and commoner ones for other sets. L. N. ROS-
SITER, Lake Forest, Ills.

TO EXCHANGE.—Tame Red Tail Hawk,
Howard Camera and Eggs, Sets and Singles,
for best offers of Eggs or anything. Send lists
and receive mine. THOS. GADSDEN, 199
Whitaku St., Savannah, Ga. “dae e

WANTED.—“‘Birds of Long Island” by Gi-
rand, cash or exchange, new or second-hand.
Address, stating price or conditions, F. B. BAX-
TER, Babylon, L. I.

EXCHANGE.—A six-drawer, glass-covered,
oak cabinet, for first-class eggs in sets. No
postals. GUY A. MOORE, 14386 Wabash Aye.,
Chicago, Ills.

FIRST-CLASS SINGLES of A. O. U. 7% 1-1,
79 1-1, 123b, 294, 337. 360, 373c, 378, 417, 431 m-1, 458,
462, 464, 466, 476, 499, 501b, 510, 519¢, 530. 581d, 591b,

546, 599, 614, 624, 627, 715, 721b. 743a, 758 and 76la ~

to exchange for first-class original sets. I also
have sets to exchange. FRED A, SCHNEED-
ER, College Park, Cala.

TO EXCHANGE.—Pair Indian clubs, 70 to-
bacco tags, Bruin or the Grand Bear Hunt, Gul-
liver’s Travels and Baron Munchansen for first-
class eggs in singles, TOM FLOURNOY, Clin-
ton, Lowa.

TO EXCHANGE.— I havea general collection
of fossils, minerals, etc.. to exchange for other
fossils notin my collection. Write me what
you have. C.S. HODGSON, Albion, Tils.

TO EXCHANGE.—A pair of live fox squirrels —

for eggs, coins, Indian relics or Coues’ Key.
Cards not answered. Send your lists to F. EB.
SMOUSE, 704 19th St., Des Moines, Ia.

TO EXCHANGE.—First-class eggs, including
(Ridg. Nos.) 52, 77, 95, 408a, 432 for eggs. coins,
books and curios. Send lists to ELMER G.
BENNETT, Box 236, Guilford. Maine.

WANTED.—A good printing press,self inker,

chase not less than6x8 inches, also curiosit- —

ies of any kind. Have for exchange eggs, cur-
iosities, etc. H. E. PENDRY, Eustis, Fla.

LI would also —
W.R. BIRD, Lock Box 507, Mason ~

tin’s “Exchange Bxtraordinary”’ in this OoLo- AG

THE COLOGIST.

173

rr

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued.

TO EXCHANGE.—Fine sets of Franklin’s
Gull, Least Bittern, Yellow Head and Redwing
Blackbird. Mounted birds to exchange for
‘eggs or other offers. WHIT HARRISON, La
Crescent, Minn. :

TO EXCHANGE.—First and second-class
‘eggs for same and books on ornithology. Sec-
‘ond-class eggs for anything. Letters contain-
ing lists answered. I". B. WILLIAMS, 222 Ce-
dar St., Ottawa, Kansas.

_ WANTED.—All collectors who have been de-
frauded by dishonest collectors or dealers dur-
ing °90 or ’91 to communicate at once with JNO.
V. CRONE, Marathon, Iowa.

TO EXCHANGE.—First-class birds’ eggs for
the same or books on ornithology. Ee econd:
class eggs for anything. Letters containing
lists answered. F. B. WILLIAMS, 222 Cedar
St., Ottawa, Kansas.

TO EXCHANGE.—First and second-class sin-
gle eggs, a water blower and sets of B’k Crown-
ed Night Heron’s eggs, for first-class eggs in
sets. JOHN WILLIAMS, Wenham, Mass.

WANTED.—A 30-in. safty bicycle and a No. 4
kodak. Send for a list of the articles I will
give for them. Please mention this paper.
Address, H. A. HESS, P.C.C. & St. L. R R.
Union Station, Indianapolis, Indiana.

I WANT to exchange my entire collection
and duplicates of birds’ eggs for a good bicycle
in good condition. I have about 120 different
species and most of them in sets with data, the
whole amounting to over $85 catalogue prices.
H. J. ROGERS, Burnside, N. Y.

WANTED.—Fancy and Homing Pigeons of
all kinds and colors. Will give in exchange
live Horn Frog, bird eggs in original sets with
complete datas or will pay cash. Parties hav-
ing or knowing persons that have thorough-
bred stock of the above pee will kindly
‘send their address to O. J. ZAHN, 427 S. Hope
St., Los Angeles, Cala.

ADVANCED COLLECTORS and those in
“rare” localities, write. Specialty, nests and
sets. Bird skins offered for eggs. References
given and absolutely required. P. B. PEA-
BODY, Owatonna, Minn.

BEES BS iY eS 02 51 TS

TO EXCHANGE.—A new model champion
single-barrel, breech loading shot gun, 12 bore,
side snap, patent fore end fastenings, pistol
grip stock, double bolt and rubber butt; for a
Marlin or Winchester repeating rifle 38- caliber,
or best offer in first-class bird skins. The gun
is in perfect condition and shoots well. WM.
F. SMITH, Wayne, Deleware Co., Penna.

LARGE NUMBERS of desirable single eggs,
many varities, worth from 5 cts to $1.25 each, to
exchange for sets With data of any species
worth not less than 5 cts. per egg. I wish ta
hear from every single egg collector or any ex-
changer who can use desirable singles. J. R.
CRAIGUHE, Minnewaukan, N. Dak.

TO EXCHANGE.—I have a set of Mississippi
Kite % at $10 each and a set of Florida Red-
shouldered Hawk at $4 each to exchange for
singles, only. by Lattin’s 1891 list. E. K. COL-
LETT, Austin, Texas.

IT HAVE Golden Eagle 4%, with datum, to ex-
change for a good double case Type Writer.
Send description to J. W. P. SMITHWICK,
Trinity College, Trinity, N. C.

INDIAN AXES, Serapers, Drills, Hammers,
Knives, Sinkers, Celts, Pestles, Arrowheads,
and Oregon Points to exchange for first-class
eggs in original sets with data. WM. H. FISH-
ER, 14 W. North Ave., Baltimore, Mad.

A Book of 500 Pages.

On treatment and care of domestic ani-
mals, horses, cattle, sheep, dogs, hogs
and poultry, sent free. Address Hum-
phreys’ Veterinary Specitics, Cor. Wil-
liam and John streets, New York.

AN ie

School of ie and Port Mand

THE LARGEST AND BEST IN AMERICA.

Over 1,800 students were enrolled last year.

taught by leading members of the bar;
by expert lightning calculators ;

most rapid operators;

pals and University Graduates.
Everything strictly first-class.

lars, and address all communications to

tiie Cr FONCBUSINESS COLLEGE C2,

CAPITAL STOCK $100,000.

Branch Colleges in Buffalo, N. Y.,
Mich. Scholarships good in any of the Caton chain of colleges.
nection. Over 700 students placed in good positions during the past year.

Special low rates during summer months.

and Detroit,
An employment bureau in con-
Commercial Law

Penmanship taught by the champion penman of the
world; Book-keeping taught by expert accountants and authors;

Business Arithmetic taught

Detection of counterfeit money taught by expert Forgery De-
tectives ; Short-Hand taught by Court Reporters;

Type-writing taught by one of the world’s

Mechanical and Architectural Drawing taught by High School Princi-

Send for circu-

Proprietors.
'M. J. CATON, President.

174

EXCHANGE EXTRAORDINARY.

THIS OFFRR KXPIRHKS ON OOCT., 15,1891. ~

I want at once the following first-class eggs, either in singles or in sets, in exchange at 1890
prices, or if in sets, with data, I will allow 10 per cent. above these prices, in exchange for the
articles mentioned below. Eggs taken in large or small quantities. No exchange amounting ta
less than $1.00 can be ‘‘bothered with” unless 10 cents additional is enclosed for return postage
and packing. If you have any of the rarer species to offer send lists. Species wanted, Ridg:
way’s Nos.:

A 11, 41, 42, 47, 51, 56, 67, 3, 149a, 151, 168, 170, 197, 198, 204a, 211, 214, 217, 231, 242, 251, 254, 257, 277,
278, 282. 293, 301. 304, 306, 315, any of the Hummingbirds, 353, 354, 357, 361, 382, 385, 387, 388; any-
of the Owls, Hawks, Eagles or Vultures, 459. 460, 465. 473. 480, 482, 483, any of the Herons, 498, 501,
505, 507, 516, 520, 522, 525. 552, 555, 557, 569, 571, 572, 574, 578, 582, 583, 601, 609, 613, 618, 634, 640, 649, 650,
664, 666a, 668, 673. 679, 681, 688, 690, 693,721, 723, 729, 736, 760, 761, 763a, Eggs of Owls and Hawks,

THE OOLOGIST.

listing at over $1.50 not included jn wants.

We will accept any species not mentioned above at ONE-HALF 1890 prices. :
In return for the above, I will give any of the following articles, specimens or supplies at the

price s quoted.

SUPPLIES.

IIOS, ths EMT O) TO eyes DRAW eo cate nnen ese race seco -08
** 2, 12-100 ** ee -12
OO By GS IKO0) 3 Coe ae 15
“4, 18-100 ‘* pee Naor) Anca ed Waiepeee een 18
Oy AICO) CON, eee de neeoee ee SE eee aceon ts -20

Nickel - plated 4% in. Embryo Hook ...... 30

Oologist’s Hand-book, 1885..... ...........---------- 15

Hand-book on Insect Collecting 15

17 Back Numbers OOLOGIST..............---.------ BC)

OOLOGIST (no prem.) last 6 mo. of ’91......... 50

oe With “‘ for one year....2......-:-. 1.00

Card for one Ex. Notice in the OOLOGIST. .30

A few Incomplete Copies of Maynard’s

“Birds of Eastern North America,’’ newly

bound in boards and leather, (Publisher’s

(GRNSHAY OH AVES) Uke H(0 0) oo cee oreneeenssno sen sososccssnoacnese 15.00

BIRDS’ EGGS.

UNep-arha (Oem Rob haves see eee eed erases rchecaeaneeooecns=
DD Wallin © OWi1T Gligseetee see eee

Limpkin, extra fine, 2nd-class
Noddy Tern, set of one, with data...............

ENINICTACANYS COLCIS ees oe eee
Sennet’s Thrasher (18a)................--2--..2------—
White-winged DOve...........--.-2.-:2+-0+sceseeseeeee=
Mountain Plover
LOR Wan PSOE Nee) gta aeeles en cbouenaccnoseseanccce
Bue OwaN PaO wile eee tena eee
American Bitern
Sibdamnon eye MEW AR eS) Lo ooceosa Bacuecnacosenobecuusoosaaee
Mexican Ground Dove, (fine 2ds)
Lousiana Water-Thrush.............
Yellow-throated Vireo........ ..... ats
Florida Screech Owl........ .....- ASO ee iva cents SEL

California Screech Owl ease cce eee eee 1.00
Costas) Hammam oir ieee eee eee ane 1.50
I Shwaanvaowtayer oyhQol INS SLecoses aoa codnencesaennocoenceeen .50

“ LCRROMESLIC Se epee aay eee eee 1.00

FOREIGN EGGS.
Bul-bul. from Phillipines (fine 2d class) ......8 .

Black-headed Weaverfinch (fine 2d-class)... .25
INUTOpeans Blac ktoirdtee eee ee eae eee ee 15
: Song Thrush 15

Ruddy Sheldrake. sets 7 to 10, per egg......... .60
os ef Simsleski. aie ees .50
Med. Black-headed Gull, sets % 4peregg. .45
ve Si oN ROLL OL OS ease. Seen ee 35
Barbary Partridge, sets 8 to 14 per egg........ .30
ie oe Sinp lessees ee eens 45)
Python from Celoyn, large and curious...... 3.
Tpyerypoyeiehoy, \VAWUU RE oc oo- sss on acon soeasabesbannncebe d= 5.00

Also Specimens, Shells and Novelties offered
in Aug. OOLOGIST,

MISCELLANEOUS ARTICLES.

We offer from one to a dozen of each the fol-
lowing articles in our Exchange Extraordinary
offer this month.

- —

Ano Kato, EXpress.............0.22. cceeseeecoeeeeeee $ 1.00
Hlectrie: Tops 2.8. 252 ie eens
Palmetto Sun Hats, either for Ladies or
Gentlemen. are simply non-destructible,
can be washed when dirty, made for us by ©

a native on the Bahamas.............2:2..2-.-.-.-.- 1.00
Matchless Repeating Air Rifie,65-shot, Ex. 8.00 —
Challenge Air Rifle, Express................-..... 4.00
Plymouth * gs ST Gos cae ese eee 6.00.
Sporting Rifle, No. 3 on our Cat., used one
SOASON, OR PLCSSioeosa eee 15.00
$18.00 World Type-writer in Walnut plush-
tinted case, not used over a dozen
times, CXPIeSS.............c2..ccelieceeseecee-s-c-- 80.00
Album giving photo views of the chief cit-
ies of:the world... ee .3D
Suction: Hat Hook = 10
Combination Tool, Pincers, Nippers, Nut-
cracker, Glass-cutter. Cork-screw; Screw-
driver, etc., in one tool..................2.-2-. 22. --ee 40;
Set of 3 Blank Books in Case, Handy for
taking Notes, etc............-..2..c..cs-c-eeseeeme 25,
Setiof 60 Bird! Cards == Hine
Bliss Telephone,copper Wire,ete.,complete 1,50
Excursionist Pocket Cook Stove............... . 3.50,
Climax Folding ‘‘ ss OS NS lt ss acres 1.25
Multum in Parvo ‘ ee AB a ae a . 2.00
Electric Door Bel] with Outfit (Battery,
etc.,) ESXpYeSS:::. 2... ee ee 5.00
School Ma’am’s Cal] Bell..................... 50
Eel Spear, Seven-tined, Socket Handle...... 2.50

“xpress” signifies that they are shipped in
that manner at your expense.

If you desire to obtain anything on the above
list im exchange, send on your eggs at once. If
you have no eggs, but have other desirable
specimens in quantity, write what you have,
with price; or will exchange for collections of
fine Postage Stamps or second-hand Books on
Natural History, or choice Indian Relies.

Only first-class Specimens accepted at any
price, all others returned at sender’s expense.

We will receive hundreds of packages in an:
swer to this exchange and if you do not write
your name plainly on the outside of the pack-
ages you send, your exchange will be delayed
and packages possibly lost.

This offer will hold good until Oct. 15th only,

Send on your specimens at once in large or
small quantities, it makes no difference to us
whether you send $1.00 or $100.00 worth, but if
less than $1.00 worth, 10 cents extra must be en:
closed for return postage and packing.

Large quantities shipped by express or
freight, must be prepaid. Address,

FRANK H. LATTIN,

ALBION, N.Y.

it he .
Se.) 6a eee

<THE + OOLOGIST

—

VOL. VIII.
The Black-and- White Creeping Warbler.

That seems like a long name, but it is
really appropriate, for it is true to the
structure and habit of the bird; and so
the very name gives us a glimpse of
that black-and-white warbler, which
does not flit from limb to limb and
spray to spray in the bushes and tree-
tops, but genuine Creeper-like threads
the trunk and larger limbs.

Everywhere in Western New York; in
the region of the Great Lakes, in Ohio,
and Nova Scotia, I have been accustom-
ed to find this bird; and here in Mary-
land and Virginia, around the Capital,
this little species is common throughout
the migrations and the breeding season.
T have seen its nest here, within a few
rods of my house, on the ground, after
its usual custom. Sometimes, however,
mistaking the top of an old rotten log,
or even the decayed top of a stump
when overgrown with rubbish, for the
ground itself, it builds its nest of dried
leaves, fibers of bark, etc., even there.
Dr. Brewer reports a nest hid away in
the drain of a house. Commonly it
keeps to the thick woods.

Mmiotilta varia, for that is his scien-
tific name, is not altogether a warbler
in structure. His front toes are a little
more joined together at the base, his

hind toe a little longer and. his bill?

somewhat curved at the tip. Not only
his creeping movements, but also his
breeding habitat which is throughout
Eastern North America, is decidedly
like that of the Brown Creeper.

The thin wiry, but pleasing song—
Kitsee- Kitsee- Kitsee-Kitsee, is familiar to
every one who knows this species; but
comparatively few have heard his beau-
tiful warble, now and then delivered in
the dense shrubbry of the forest. The
former song is thrown in by the way as

ALBION, N. Y., SEPT., 1891.

No. 9

he climbs the trees, but this latter is de-
livered in true artist’s style, the bird
being regularly perthed, and his head
thrown up.

To-day being Sunday, a day of rest, I
sat me down in the fork of two roads in
the woods—roads not used for several
years and so quiet relapsed into a state
of nature—there I waited, still as the
trees around, to hear what the birds
would say tome. Presently I heard a
soft, sweet, whistling warble which I
did not readily recognize. I soon spied
the Black-and-white Creeping Warbler,
only a few feet from me; and saw as
well as heard him render his song.
Nothing of the creeper about his move-
ments now. He perches regularly, and
flits from limb to limb, in true warbler
style. Thus in habit as well as in struc-
ture, he is in part at least, a warbler.

Very interesting is this double affini-
ty of some species, standing apparently
between two different families, and so
shading and softening the lines which
separate families and orders.

If any reader of the OoLoaist, in
Eastern North America, lives and stud-
ies where this bird is not found, will he
be so kind as to report, and so let us
know if there is any blank in his com-
monly accepted habitat.

J. H. LANGILLE,
Kensington, Md.

Aug. 2, 1891.

An Indiana Heronry.

The Philadelphia Press claims that
Dr. W. EK. Hughes, the well known, or-
nithologist, has discovered ‘‘the largest
heronry existing within the knowledge
of any scientist, in Valley Hills, Chester
Co., Penn.’ I think I have ‘discover-
ed” a greater ‘‘find”’ in Indiana.

On the 18th of July with two friends
I boarded a train at Chicago to spend a

176

THE OOLOGIST.

Dope

day in the country. Our friends await-
ed our arrival at the depot, and we
were soon on our way to the farm,
where we were to spend the following
day. I had before heard of a large
number of ‘‘strange” birds having been
seen in the vicinity and the next morn-
ing proceeded to investigate and find
out what kind of birds they were, as
none were sure as to the identification.

Driving two miles through the fields
we left the horses and went about one
mile further on foot through grass, wild
rice, ete., as high as our heads.

There was little air stirring, and the
sun beat down upon us unmercifully,
making the atmosphere about us nearly
as warm as a furnace, giving us who
were bird’s nesting on Sunday, a fore-
taste of our future existence.

We were some time wandering about
in the marsh, which is of vast extent, in
quest of the birds and had found no ap-
pearance of their late visitations, when
one of the party called ‘‘down” and
pointing to the northward said, ‘‘there
is one of the birds now.”

We remained hidden in the grass un-
til the bird had alighted, then wended
our way toward the spot, and were
compensated for our toil and persever-
ence, (and it was required on this oc-
casion to travel far,) by seeing, not one,
but hundreds of Black-crowned Night
Herons rise out of the grass, lazily fly
a short distance and descend again.

There were acres of ground covered,
more or less, with the deposit of the
birds, and the long grass was literally
tramped down in places where they
had roosted.

The grass being so high, it was diffi-
cult to ascertain how many nests were
there, but a party who visited the
breeding place in the spring declares
that at least there were eight hundred
(800) nests, and from my own observa-
tions I have no doubt that he does not
exaggerate in the least.

He states that the nests were at that

time surrounded by water but built up
about fourteen to sixteen inches above
it. Atthe time I visited the heronry
the ground was dry.

Having secured several birds, mostly
young, the old ones being minus the oe-
cipital plumes, we took our way home-
ward feeling fully repaid for our exer-
tions.

I hope next spring to visit the heron-
ry and secure some eggs which I was
too late for this season. Should I have
the success I anticipate, will give, if de-
sired, a further account of my observa-
tions.

Very respectfully,
ROBERT C. BENNETT.

The Cuckoo in South Dakota.

For the past three years I have been
collecting eggs in the vicinity of Aber-
deen, and have never found a Cuckoo’s
egg until this last spring.

While looking for a set of Mourn-

ing Dove’s eggs on the 9th of
June, I passed through a thick clump
of box-elder trees in a timber claim one
mile from the city, and happened to
look up just in time to see a Black-bill-
ed Cuckoo leaving her nest. I exam-
ined the nest, which was about six feet
from the ground; and found two fresh
eggs. :
J revisited the place four days later,
and found a fine set of four eggs, and
secured the bird also. I have the eggs
in my collection now. They are of a
deep greenish blue in color, and nearly
elliptical in shape.

Since then I have found six sets of
the black-billed and four of the yellow
variety.

MERLIN C. JOHNSON,
Aberdeen, S. Dak.

The English Sparrow in Bay City, Mich.

In the first place, there were millions
of them. Every street was crowded

°

OE ee ee

THE OOLOGIST.

177

with them, and you could nearly pick
them up. Around the flour mills and
wholesale houses, there were vast num-
bers of them, that came to get the
wheat and oats.

The place where the most of them
stayed wasin the M. C. R. R. freight
depot, where swarms of them stayed

there the year around, building their
nests inside on the rafters and scant-
lings.

They increased very rapidly as no one
molested them.

Most every large poplar and elm
tree, in town had from one to half a
dozen nests in. In one nest myself and
a friend found thirteen egggs (probably

_two or three pair in the nest.)

And also the gutter pipes of private
houses made a place for many nests.

If you would put up:a bird house for
swallows, these little pests would soon
drive them away.

My brother put up a house and in
an half hour it was occupied by a pair.
I shot thé female and at noon the male
came around with another wife which I
also shot, and I kept on until I had re-
lieved him of four wives. This did not
disappoint him, and he soon had an-
other which we allowed to stay, and
they furnished a nest and laid five eggs,
which my brother has with the nest in
his collection. This sounds like a mam-
oth “‘fish story,” but it can be proven.

One day my friend and I started out
to rampage them. We went to an old
vacant house and went on top and pull-
ed off a piece of cornice and we could
hear the young ones squealing ‘‘by the
wholesale.” We got lots of eggs and
killed many old and young ones.

There is a law in that state allowing
three cents a head for them and great
numbers were killed every day. Dur-
ing the first two weeks over 800 were
slaughtered, 200 of which were killed
by one boy.,

Farmers’ boys loaded their shot-guns
with number ten shot and shot them in

flocks around their barns and straw
stacks. One boy killed seventeen with
one shot witha number ten gun. My
friend and myself did our share too.

Now they are very shy and hard to
approach, and less numbers are killed.

From December 1st to the middle of
last May over 900 certificates were issu-
ed to sparrow killers, all of them for
ten or over and many of them for over
a hundred. :

It is a common occurrence to find
their nests in electric light lamps.

WALLACE L. BRISUOE,
Minneapolis, Minn.

Michigan Notes.

Isend you a few extracts from my
’91 notes which might prove interesting
to some of the readers of the OOLOGIST.
I have collected this year and have in
my collection 33 different sets of eggs.
For a starter the American Redstart is
not a very common summer resident of
Bay City and there are’ very few ever
seen around the trees. One afternoon,
on the 3rd of June, as I was walking in
a small wood looking for Vireos nests I
happened to notice a small nest about
three feet from the ground, situated in
between alimb and the trunk of a thorn
tree. It was composed of small fibres
and cotton and lined with grass and
feathers and quite deeply cuped. I
shot the female and took it to Mr. New-
ell Eddy, who identifies all our speci-
mens for us, and he told me it was an
American Redstarts nest. Oh! but I was
very glad when he told me what it was
because I have made the only record of
finding a set of three American Red-
starts in Bay City or vicinity. In Dav-
ie’s ‘Nest and Eggs of North America
Birds” it says as regards to the number
of eggs laid by the American Gold-finch
‘some writers state that the eggs range
from three to five, but Ican say differ-
ent because all of my sets—and I have
collected five of them—are five and one

178

THE OOLOGIST.

set of six, on July 31 I took the latter
set. [They range from five to seven
with ps—Ed.]

Another set which I have is a set of
four Spotted Sandpipers which I took
the 6th of June along side of a very
much used rail-road track, among the
long grass.

Black-billed Cuckoos are quite com-
mon but awfully hard to find fresh eggs.
I have a set of two blown and took a
set of three but could blow but one of
them. Wilson’s Thrush’s are quite
common too, a set of four with two
cow-birds in it was what I found on the
ground under a gooseberry bush and
have found other sets of them. Blue
Jays are not very common, but I have
found one or two sets of them. Mostly
all incubated quite badly and in pine
trees ten feet from ground. The Sora
and Virginia Rails are very common.
I have taken sets when I did not know
much about collecting by the hatsfull,
and then not taken all of them. The
largest set which I ever took was a set
of 12 and the smallest was eight of Vir-
ginias. The largest set of Soras was
12 and the smallest seven. Seven sets
of Virginia’s and two sets of Sora’s is
all I have collected this year. The
nests are composed of reeds of last year
and built up in between this year’s
reeds. The bird will fly up and fly for
a short distance with dangling legs and
drop as if dead. They generally have
a covering for their nests and slip out
sideways to get off it.

Swamp Sparrows, Phoebes, Long-
tailed Marsh Wrens, Bronzed Grackle,
Brown Thrashers, Cedar Waxwings,
Baltimore Orioles, Blue-birds, Wood
Pewee, King-bird, Purple Martins,
Woodpeckers, Meadow Larks, Least
Fly-ecatchers, Tree Swallows, Shrikes,
Field Sparrows and House Wrens
are all very common.

Next year I will get some Gallinules
because I have found a place where
they breed every year and have not

been disturbed at all. Red-tailed and
Red-shouldered and Cooper Hawks are
quite common. Have found two nests
of Screech Owls, but never got any eggs
out of them, because I caught the bird
on the nest and took her home and let
her go.
E. K. ‘‘GALLINULE.”

Gambel’s White-Crowned Sparrow.

(Zonotrichia gambeli.)

This bird like a large number of the
Sparrow family, frequents brushpiles
and low bushes, where it may be seen,
accompanied with the White and Gold-
en-crowned Sparrow, the Rusty Song
Sparrow and Oregon Towhee, hopping
from one branch to another or perhaps
on the ground looking for insects, occas-
ionally climbing to the top of some tree
to sing its song which although short
is pleasing to the ear, and can always
be remembered by those who are inter-
ested in our feathered friends.

They arrive the latter part of March
or first week in April and remain until
most of the summer migrants have re-
turned to.their southern homes. Nest-
ing season with the species begins about
the fifteenth of April and fresh eggs can
be found as late as the last of June.

This season I have taken four sets of
four eggs respectively, which are of
considerable value as a series, tu show
the variation in color and markings.

My first set of the season was taken
May 19th, the nest was in a cypress
tree5 feet and 8 inches trom the ground ~
composed of weed and grass stems and —
lined with finer grass and horse hair.
This set comes nearer than any of being
a typical set. The ground color is pale
greenish-blue, evenly spotted over the
whole surface with liver brown.

Set number two was taken on the 24,
of May. It was on the ground under a
small bush. The female was on the ©
nest and flew as I neared it. This set

THE OOLOGIST.

179

resembles the first in a general way, but |

the spots vary in size more, showing
the ground color more plainly. The
nest is not so bulky when found on the
ground as in trees.

The next set was also placed on the
ground under a small fir and so well
concealed that I had to look some few
minutes before discovering it. The fe-
male, asin the second case flew as I
passed near the nest. This set is the
most peculiarly marked one of the
small series.
greenish-blue, heavily blotched near
the larger end with umber and purplish
brown, number two is of the same
- ground color but has only a few faint
markings of lavender-gray, number
three and four are smaller in size and
the color it light blue. These two spec-
imens much resemble eggs of Sialia

sialis, but if closely observed, fine
brown specks can be seen..
My fourth and last set was taken

June 19th, from a willow bush, two
feet from the ground. [ flushed the
female and discovered the nest which
‘was composed of dead leaves and grass
-and lined with finer grass and horse
hair. ° The eggs are bluish-white, finely
covered with brown specks, which form
a wreath at the larger ends of three
of them, the fourth being so thickly
spotted as to almost hide the ground
color at the larger enc.
Later on, the first pair built again in
a small fir near their first nest, but
for some reason or other they left the
nest. Gambel’s Sparrow is one of the
several species that sing at night. I
have often heard it sing at eleven and
twelve o’clock at night. The cause for
its singing at this hour is not known,
but it is thought that the bird is awak-
ened by some passer by, or could it be
that it was singing in its sleep?
CLYDE L. KELLER.
Salem, Oregon.

Egg number one is light

A Rambling Mixture from Connecticut.

I see so much in the OoLoeist about
what to do to drill eggs quickly, blow
them and about nesting; also on the
merits of poison ivy and shumach, when
you get poisoned, leads me to think that
I might try to add some more exper:
ience, advice, etc. °

1st. If you are poisoned and are not
very fond of salt in food, that is not
want it all salt;:you willfput some salt
upon the blisters and put enough hot
water on to moisten it, and then rub it
in; you take hot water too; try this sev-
eral times a day, and itgmay make a de-
cided change in your;case, as it did on
mine which proved successful.

2d. When you have touched or pres-
sed Poison Ivy, wash your hands or face
immediately and if water is scarce spit
on ‘‘em”’ and wipe itsoff on some soft
vegetable, such as leaves or moss, and
if your skin is more sensitive than mine
there is not any hope;jleft.

3d. When inaswamp or near one,
look out for Poison Shumach, and if you
are touched with anything or touch any
bush that gives youa peculiar twinge,
look and see if its this “P. Shu” and if
it is, well you want to wash the hands
or face quickly, and don’t mind about
rubbing the moisturej off, as you may
accidentally scratch your face which
would be seriousfin a second collison.

I have been very easily poisoned years
back, but after experimenting with
sugar of lead, etc., I invented these rul-
es and have not been laid up for three
years.

Iwas going through a mud-hole in
search of nests, when I slipped off a log
and landed in the mud up to my waist
which was not comfortable when you
know the mud is over seven seet deep;
well I grabbed hold of the first tree in
reach and I felt queer stinging in my
fingers and I looked and it wasa Poison
Shumach.

Well, Providence sent a thought into

180

THE OOLOGIST.

SS...
my head to get off that clump of trees} to tell the exact place, and walking to
as quick as possible and wash my hands | it a sparrow starts up and flying ner-.

and I did; in my jump for the brook I
found my first Maryland Yellow-throat’s
nest with eggs init and I washed my
hands and did not get poisoned, or since
that time, and the eggs were new to my
collection at that date.

In May, this year, I found a Cooper’s
Hawk’s nest ina tree and did not pay
special attention to the tree until it was
time to climb up.

Well, I went over into the swamp and
seared off the hawk and then! Well, I
looked at that tree and decided for a
good while whether to blow the nest up
or hire some body to climb it for me,
but as it was only twenty feet up, I
mustered up grit and climbed up, and
was rewarded with a set of five eggs.

Then I climbed down, set the eggs
down and washed my hands, wrists and
face pretty thoroughly in a puddle of
water in the swamp, and then I picked
up my climbers, eggs and walked out,
when I had got out of sight, I heard the
female hawk say (over at the nest) that
she thought I was a hard case, a fellow
that will climb a poison shumach tree
and run the risks of getting poisoned
ought to die, she ended this with an an-

gry cry and came over and got some]

chickens at one of our neighbor’s.

And I escaped being poisoned to
death after having climbed such a poi-
sonous tree, and touching my face
against the branches and the little
sprouts on the way up, and breaking
limbs that came in my way.

HENSLOW’S SPARROW.

This sparrow is a summer resident, al-
though have not heard much of in pa-
pers, still some may have a pair within
the limits of their farm and not know it.

In May you may hear a see-wick, with
first word considerably dwelt on, and
you can hear it all day, and far into the
night coming from some pasture, with
swamps and dry uplands in streaks,
and perhaps if you listen long enough

vously drops again about a rod off and
you can scare it up two and more times:
without any other result unless you are
very lucky and find their eggs and nest.
The birds stay for the most the time on
the ground in a growth of spare or thick.
short grass, and will not go off a large
lot except when they migrate.

Last year two pairs of these birds
bred here, and they both raised two
broods of 4—5, one or the number ac-
cording too the choice of Mrs. H. Spar-
row. Iwas not successful enough to
obtain the eggs, but had the pleasure of

seeing the nest, and the old birds teach- © .

ing the young to fly.

The nests in both cases were placed
inmeadows of swamps and with dry
places also, and had a thin hay crop on
them.

In 1891 one of the old birds was seen
again, and it was feeding and uttering:
the note see-wick quite frequently, and
just now though I have failed to hear it
or see the bird, for a day or more, but I
hope to be able to get a set if possible
and get better acquainted, if it will
breed again this year at the same place
and grounds.

A.M. LINSLEY,
Northford, Connecticut.

Unusual Occurrences.

I have three rare finds which I have
taken this season.

On May 10th, Song Sparrow with five
Cowbird’s eggs and four of the owner;
the nest was just about full.

May 25th, Ovenbird with seven Cow-
bird’s eggs and one of owner; one egg
was the only one layed by Ovenbird.

May 17th, Chickadee 1-6 and Bluebird
1-3 in same cavity; the Chickadee’s nest
was built on top of the other and you
may imagine my surprise when I took
the nests out.

ERNEST MARCEAU,
Dubuque, Iowa.

THE OOLOGIST.

181

THE OOLOGIST

A MONTHLY MAGAZINE DEVOTED TO
ORNITHOLOGY anb OOLOGY.

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; EDITOR AND PUBLISHER.

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‘om all.

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Correspondence.

W.H. LaPrade of New Orleans, La.,
writes: “at 95

“T learn from strictly reliable parties
that an Albino Blue Jay was killed in
Wilkes Co., Ga. There were some
small, faint grey spots on each wing,
but at a small distance it looked pure
white.”

W. S. Catlin of Annapolis, Ind.,
writes of taking a set of two fresh
Ruby-throated Hummers on Aug. 7th—
undoubtedly a second set. e also
writes of taking eggs of the Turkey
Vulture from the same nest, both this
and last season.

R. J. Joslin of Webster, Mass., writ-
es:
“On the 30th of last May, I found, at
the top of a high maple tree, a Balti-
more Oriole’s nest, in which was a set

of eggs, one of which is most curiously:
marked. ,

Upon it is seen the small and almost
perfect image of a bird, which appears
to be upon a branch.”

We once took an egg of this species
whlch had ‘‘Sin” in plain, bold mark-
ings, scrolled, upon the larger end.

Geo. G. Morrison, Fox Lake, Wis.,
writes:

“T have tried to keep the English
Sparrows busy for the past few months
laying eggs.

Have visited a locality here every
two weeks regularly since May 22d,
for their eggs, and always found them
very plentiful.

I got 64 May 22d, 90 on June 4th, 60
the next time, 78 the next and so on up
to date. If all the collectors would do
this, their numbers could be held down.
much better. Collectors let us rid our-
selves and all the feathered family of
this ‘Bull-dog,’ the English Sparrow.”

=

A Few Notes-on Ornithology and OQrnitholo-
gists.

In the migrating seasons the ornitho-
logists which live in the Middle and
Southern States have much more work
than those who live in the north, as
they have to study all the movements.
of the resident and summer resident
birds, and from the last of August to
the first of December, they must keep a
careful lookout for strange birds, from,
the northern tier of states and Canada,
that they do not pass unnoted. And in
the spring the number of migrants is,
of course, equally great. Yet the diffi-
culty of the study is not so much great-
er in the south as might, at first, be sup-
posed.

I believe, as a general rule, the resi-
dent and summer resident species, of
this section, are not very difficult to
study. The Yellow, Kentucky, Hood-
ed, Parula and Worm-eating Warblers,
and the American Redstart, Maryland
Yellow-throat, Yellow-breasted Chat,
Golden-crowned Thrush and Louisiana
Water Thrush are the commonest re~

182

THE OOLOGIST.

‘presentatives of the Warbler family, in
the south Atlantic States.

These are the easiest members of this
family to study, as the variations, in
‘plumage are slighter than in those
‘which pass farther north. Of course,
we cannot judge of the character of the
bird life of a region by one family but
in many places we can fairly estimate
by the Warbler family, as it is so large
and difficult, indeed, in some places, it
forms no small proportion of the bird-
life judging either, from the number of
individuals or species.

More than one-fourth of the migrat-
ing birds which were noted, last spring,
Dy me, were warblers. .

There is plenty of time in the breed-
‘ing season to study the resident and
summer resident: birds; then, in migra-
tion time we can study the habits and
plumage of the transient visitants and
winter residents. A few hints may help
some one who is just beginning the
study of migrating birds in the South-
ern States. A young ornithologist is
apt to find some species which
so nearly resemble each other in color,
nesting or song, that he has to spend
many days in finding some characteris-
tic, by which he may distinguish one
kind from another. Many species, in
some form of plumage, approach, so
nearly in color, that the task of identi-
fication seems almost hopeless. °

Nearly related species are apt to be
most puzzling, as their habits and fami-
ly or generic characteristics are almost
the same.

This fact may be noticed in the fall
plumage of the Bay-breasted and Black-
poll Warblers.

Their habits, size and shape are, al-
‘most, exactly the same, but there is a
shade of difference in coloration which
is generally perceptible.

The Black-poll has a greenish tinge
on its breast while the Bay-breasted re-
tains, inaslight degree, the beautiful
color which covers its breast in the

breeding and spring migrating seasons.

They come about the same time, in
large flocks, from the north, and seem
very fond of keeping together, thus
making the slight contrast, in color,
show more plainly. Ata little distance
or when on the wing the very dull green
and bay do not show enough to distin.
guish between the two birds. This
same resemblance may, sometimes, be
noticed in birds that belong to widely
different families, as the Fox Sparrow
and some of the Thrushes.

The Sylvicolidae abounds, through-
out with species which are easily distin-
guished in the spring, but in the fall
they come south bringing their young
ones with them they have changed their
feathers to dull and sober colors, as if
dressing in mourning, on account of
eggs wantonly stolen and many other
home tragedies.

Olive seems to prevail in fall, with,
now and then,a spot or stripe of yellow

or red which seems to have been kept

in memory of the days and flowers and
trees of April, May and June. This

general sameness of color makes the
study of birds very difficult, but when.
the slight differences, which always ex-
ist are discovered the trouble of identi-

fication add much to the pleasure of

the knowledge obtained.

EARLE A. BROOKS,
French Creek, W. Va.

The Ruby-throated Hummingbird.

This beautiful little bird is quite a

common resident with us, and is prob-
ably too well known to require a des-
eription here.

There are very few persons within its

range who are not familiar with its
graceful form and brilliant plumage,

but many have not had the opportunity

of seeing the nest and eggs, which are

no less wonderful than the birds them-

selves.

The birds arrive here early in May,

THE OOLOGIST.

183

SSS SS

and spend the greater part of that
month disporting in the sunshine and
searching for food among the flowers of
our fields and gardens, in some instan-
ces even entering houses through open
windows to search among the flowers
of house plants.

They are very familiar with man and
do not seem to regard him as a danger-
ous enemy, although they frequently
have occasion to do so.

They begin nesting about the 1st. of
June, and fresh eggs may be found by
the 10th.

They nest in orchards, shade trees
and woods.

When in the latter trees that stand
along the borders of openings and road-
ways are usually, though not always,
selected.

The nest is built upon a croteh near
the extremity of a drooping branch,
from eight to forty feet from the
ground.

It is a felted cup-shaped structure,
composed of plant down and the nests
of insects, covered externally with lich-
ens bound on with cobwebs.

In beauty and workmanship the nest
of the Ruby-throated Hummingbird is
surpassed by that of no other bird found
in this locality.

It is so soft and pliable that it may be
crushed between the fingers and then
restored to its original shape.

We can readily comprehend the ne-
cessity of this quality of the nest when
we remember that it is the cradle of as
frail a creature as a young Humming-
bird.

The lichens are usually fastened with
their scalloped edges upward.

The cavity measures about .90 in
diameter by .75 in depth.

The nest is difficult to see, appearing
as a moss covered knot upon the branch
when viewed from below, but the habit
the bird has of leaving the nest at the
approach of an intruder, and the pecu-
liar hnmming of her wings as she hov-

ers around it lead to its easy discovery,

All a person has to do when he hears
the buzz of the bird’s wings is to locate
her, then remain motionless a few sec-
onds and he will see her settle upon the
nest.

The eggs are elliptical-oval, two in
number, pure white and measure about
.50 by from .30 to .35. ;

They are deposited before the nest is
complete.

Soon after incubation has commenced
the male bird leaves his little mate to
fight the battle of life alone, which she
does in a manner to be despised by
none.

This bird has not the power of song,
but utters a few rather feeble squeaky
notes.

It makes its music with its wings. |

W. H. OLNeEy,
Poland, Ohio.

Of Interest to Oologists.

In June, 1890, I had the rare luck to
find a set of Albino eggs of the Blue-
bird which were most perfect in shape,
color and size, the set averaging .75 x
.62. The nest was built in an old wil-
low stub which was in height nearly
five feet, leaning out over the river at
angle of about forty-five degrees.

One day in June, 1889, while in a
thick, secluded mountainous piece of
woods, I observed a Brown Thrasher
sitting on her nest and on going to it
she Hew off, but imagine my surprise
when on looking into the nest to see
two Catbirds and two Cowbird’s eggs,
but no sign of the Thrasher’s eggs. At
first I thought perhaps some one had
played a trick on the Thrashers, but
then again I thought that it could not
be for it was a lonely secluded spot
hardly ever visited by anyone. Incu-
bation was about seven days advan-
ced.

Some years ago (in 1886) a pair of
Chipping Sparrows built a nest in one

184

THE OOLOGIST.

of our apple trees and had laid three
eggs, as I found on taking a peek at
them one day, but what was my sur-
prise to see a fourth and larger egg
with the rest, the color of: which was
white. The egg in size was about the
same as a black-billed Cuckoo and I
have always thought that it was an Al-
bino egg of this bird.
[More likely of the Cowbird.—Eb. |
H. MILLER,
West Chester Co,, N. Y.

How I Found a Killdeer’s Nest.

Killdeers are very numerous in this
neighborhood, although, I only found
one nest last season. I was out collect-
ing one day when I came across a pair
of Killdeers they seemed to be very
much frightened about something. I
thought they must have a nest near, so
began to hunt for it, but after looking
for a long time I gave it up as a bad
job. I came back the next day but met
with no better suecess. At last I
thought I would play a trick on them.
There was a stone fence near by, so I
turned as if starting for home when I
had gotten to the fence I got over it,
but instead of going home I stooped
down and looked through a hole in the
fence. The Killdeers still ran about
screaming just the same way that they
had done when I was right by them.
After a while they quieted down and
then went to a rock that had a hollow
in the top and one sat down in the sand
on top the rock, while the other stood
up on the highest part of the rock as if
watching. I then got back over the
fence. As soon as the Killdeer that
was sitting on the nest saw me she slid
off and ran around the rock and came
around on the other side and sat down
in the sand as if she had her nest there,
when I came around she jumped up
making a great deal of noise, but I
knew she was trying to fool me so I
’ went straight to the top of the rock

there I found four eggs in a hollow in

the sand about an inch deep. The nest.
had no lining and was situated on a
steep rocky hill over-lookigg a stream
of water. ;
J. T. BURWELL,
Millwood, Va.

Range of the Towhee.
By F. T. PEMBER.
Granville, Wash. Co., N. Y.

In the July, ’91 OoLogisT is an arti-
cle entitled, ‘‘The Chewink in Orleans
Co.” The writer refers to two nests of
that species found in the county, and
evidently considers the bird rare, and
that the extreme northern limit of its
migration is reached in that section,
Now I have nothing to say against Mr.
Posson’s well written article, but feel
sure that tle Chewink, in some localit-
ies, has a more northerly range.

I have collected eggs and skins for
many years here, and about Lake
George, and the southern half of Lake
Champlain, in this state, and to the
base of the Green Mountains in same
latitude, in western Vermont, and, have
found the Towhee a very common bird,
if the surroundings were such as they
prefer. It is not a “Swamp Robin,’*
and I never found it in swamps, or in
the low valleys, but it is most abundant
on high hills or low mountains, partic-
ularly where the timber was cut off ten
to fifteen years ago, and where a new
growth of maple, beech, birch, poplar
and cherry has sprung up. The bord.
ers of such places if well covered with
briars and vines are the chosen home
of the Towhee, and I ean shoot a dozen
any day within a mile of this village.
I take fine sets of eggs every season if
here at the proper time.

This bird is very abundant about
Lake George, and by this I mean that I
could shoot a dozen on a morning
tramp. Now the localities where |
have found them plentiful are from fif-

THE OOLOGIST.

185

ty to one hundred miles north of Or-
Jeans County, and for all I know they
may range much farther north. In the
A. O. U. 1886 catalogue they give it as
“Mastern U.S. and southern Canada,
west to the Plains.’’ In Coues’ Key he
says “Eastern U.S. and British Prov-
‘ences, N. to Canada, Minn. and Dako-
ta.”

Samuel in his Birds of New England
says that “it begins to grow scarce in
northern Mass.; and, before we have
passed twenty miles beyond its north-
ern limits, it is very rarely seen.” But
Samuels’ is wrong for the birds are by
no means scarce one hundred miles
north of Mass. In Gentry’s superb
work, ‘“‘Nests and Eggs of Birds of the
United States,” he speaks of the Tow-
hee as reaching the Selkirk Settlement
on the north-west, and quotes Wilson
aS giving it as a bird of Maine and New
Hampshire. In the Natural History of
New York by De Kay, 1848, he says, ‘‘it
extends its migration north to Labra-
dor.” In North American Birds, by
Baird, Brewer and Ridgway, they give
it as reaching the Selkirk Settlement on
the north-west, and quote Verrill, as
giving it as a summer resident and
breeder in western Maine. |

Perhaps some of our collectors fur-
ther north can give us more light on
the subject. Will add that in California
and Arizona I have taken many Oregon,
Spurred, Brown, Aberts and Green-
tailed Towhees along river bottoms and
among willow thickets—places never
frequented by our own bird in this sec”

tion.
Oo

Owls as Pets.

In the spring of ’89 I caught two
young white owls, these I kept until
fall; it was amusing to watch their an-
tics; they would eat young birds or
mice whenever I could catch them.

Once when an enterprising ——?——
started to burrow through their cage
they had an extra dish.

One of our neighbors had three mals
tese kittens—they were the prize of the
neighborhood, but one of them came
too near the slats and one of the owls
caught him and pulled him through;
that ended the kitten experience.

After living in captivity four months
one of the owls died; asthe other seem-
ed lonely I stuffed him.

This spring I caught another of the
same kind; he is about ten inches high
and is ina healthy condition; he will
eat all I give him and yet seems to be
always hungry.

Every morning he takes his bath and
then rollsin the dust of his cage; his
favorite food is young rabbits which the
boys around town bring in to see him
eat; his ery is a hissing noise which he
utters with his mouth at full stretch,
but when he is mad he utters a sound
like the snapping of fingers or cluck-
ing.

He sometimes hops around in his
cage ina dancing motion, whether he
does this for exercise or to scratch up
the dust to roll in I do not know.

Though owls may seem very tame I
would advise one never to trust them,
for in my experience they like nothing
better than to tear one’s hand open.

V.&B. ALLER,
Paola, Kan.

Michigan Notes.

May 10th—Took a set of five Chicka-
dee’s eggs from a nest situated in a hol-
low post. The eggs were fresh. This
is the first nest of this bird that I ever
found around here.

May 24th—Yellow-billed Cuckoo, set
of three fresh eggs, nest in an ironwood
tree about twenty feet up, also took two
sets three and four Brown Thrashers,
three. Wood Thrushes, four Wilson’s
Thrushes and three Olive-backed
Thrushes.

May 25th—While egging in aswampy
piece of land near Detroit I found a nest

18€

THE OOLOGIST.

——————————— ee

of the Am. Woodcock containing four} Were laid three English Sparrow’s eggs,

Slightly incubafed eggs. The nest was
placed at the foot of asmall bush, and
was composed of dried weeds and gras-
ses. I also found several nests with
young.

June 5th—Scarlet Tanager, took a set
of four incubated eggs from a nest situ-
ated in a hemlock. This bird is more
abundant than usual this season, ex-
cepting 88.

June 10th—I went collecting in the
marshes to-day, and found three sets of
Black Terns, one set of Red-winged
Blackbirds, set of eight Horned
Grebes, and six or seven sets of Florida
Gallinules, and many Long-billed Marsh
Wren’s eggs. Some of the latter -were
pure white. I found one set of six
nearly perfectly white, and several
speckled with light brown.

June 12th—While collecting in the
Same place as on the 10th, I found a set
of two Least Bittern eggs. The nest
Was a platform of dried weeds.

June 10th—I took many sets of Black
Terns, Coots and Gallinule’s eggs here.
Horned Grebes were here in consider-
able numbers, and I collected about
twenty eggs and about the same num-
ber of Pied-billed Grebes.
American Bittern breeds here, but I
cannot locate the nest.

B. SWALES,
Detroit, Mich.

A Nest Within a Nest.

In previous articles of the OOLOGIST
I have read about.an egg within an egg,
but I do not think many of the readers
of the OOLOGIST have seen a nest with-
in a nest.

On July 7th, while destroying some
European House Sparrows’ nests a nest
was thrown down which upon examin-
ing proved to be a Robin’s nest within
the House Sparrow’s. The sparrow’s

nest was built completely around the

Robin’s. The inside of the Robin’s nest
was lined with hen feathers upon which

I think the]

The Sparrows evidently thought that
the Robin’s nest would make a firm
fastening to the maple limb or that it
would make a good recepticle for their
eggs.

HAROLD WILDER,
Atlantic, Mass.

A Rose-breasted Grosbeak Widower.

On June 1st as I was walking around
the yard, I found a female Rose-breast-
ed Grosbeak, lying under a maple tree
dead.

I knew there must be a nee some-
where near, as I had seen both male
and female daily, for sometime past,
SoI walked along under the row of
maples and box elders bordering the
street, to the end of the block, but could
see nothing of it. :

On my way back I heard tie male’s
voice, which sounded as if it came from
a box elder tree a short distance ahead,
I walked along, the bird singing at
short intervals, till I seemed to be
directly under it, still I could see noth-
ing. I stepped into the middle of the
road just then the bird sang again,
Looking up I saw the little fellow sit-
ting on the nest singing ‘‘with all his
heart.” I tried to get him to leave the
nest, tossing up stones so they would
strike the boughs, but no, he paid no
attention to this, continuing his song,as
if still unseen.

How to get at the nest was a doubt-
ful question, as it was placed at the end
of the limb near the top of the tree. I
concluded that it would be best to climb
the tree next to it, and with the aid ofa
rake I might be able to pull the limb
with the nest towards me.

I got the rake, climbed the tree and
not until I had pulled the limb toward
me quite a little, did the poor little
widower leave the nest.

I brought it near enough to reach
with my hands. The nest, unlike others
of this species was very bulkly, being

THE OOLOGIST. .

187

composed of fine rootlets and other fib-
ers, making a very pretty nest.

The complement was complete, there
being five perfectly fresh eggs of uni-
form size and color.

I took a set of two from the tree ad-
joining May 24th last year. I think it
was probably the same pair that built
both. 5

Upon opening the stomach of the
dead female, I found that it was filled
to its utmost capacity with husks of a
certain seed.

She had probably made a breakfast
of the seeds, and the husks being soak-
ed with the juices of the stomach, be-
came swelled, which caused death, by
clogging up the passage way from the
stomach.

GEO. G. MORRISON,

Fox Lake, Wis.

Erratta.

In Rey. J. H. Langille’s article in the
Carolina Wren in Aug. OOLOGISL where
the number of eggs were mentioned
as ‘‘ 4” it should have been 6.

A Request.

Iam preparing to study and make
records of the spring and fall migra-
tions of the birds in that portion of the
country that is bounded by a line com-
mencing at the western extremity of
Florida, curving a little to the west,and
terminating at Lake Erie and the west-
ern end of New York; thence, down
Lakes Erie and Ontario and the St.
Lawrence River to the Atlantic Ocean.
In doing so, it will be necessary to have
observers at different places through-
out the above defined territory. I now
have them at the following places:
Milford, N. H.; Amherst, Mass.; Paw-
tucket, R. I.; and Medina, N. Y. I
have written to a number of gentlemen
in all sections, but a good many failed
to answer my letters, and some were
otherwise employed so that they could
not assist me; and 1 take this method of
securing a sufficient number of observ-
ers in all portions of that section.

I would like an observer at each of
the localities named below, where none
_ are now, and without which the work
would be very incomplete.

Two wanted in Florida—one at the

southern part, one at the northern; one.
in central part of Georgia; one in cen-
tral part of South Carolina; one each in
Virginia, W. Virginia, Delaware, Mary-.
land and New Jersey; one in western.
part of Pennsylvania; one in northern
part of Vermont; two in Maine; one in
the more eastern part and one as far
north as can be had; one in New Bruns-.
wick; and, one in that portion of Que-
bee which is on the southeastern side of*
the St. Lawrence River.

I will have blanks printed out so that
the number of species and birds of each,
species can be recorded as seen every
day. These, I will send around to each:
observer.

I hope to receive at least one com-
munication from each of the above
mentioned places.

J. W. P. SMITHWICK,
Sans Souci, N. C.
P.S. When you write, please let me.
know exact latitude of your place, i. e.
in degrees and minutes.

World Fair Notes.

Commissioner Capt. G. P. Cotton,
who is now at San Pedro Sula, Hon-.
duras, stirring up interest in the
World's Fair, has secured a collection
of over 400 varieties of birds, some of
whieh are quite unknown to the outside
world, which will be exhibited with
other products of Honduras. The ex-
traordinary collection of butterflies and
insects will not be far behind, and ar-
rangements have been made to forward
a fine selection of orchids to Chicago.
at an early date, so that they may be
growing and blooming there in 1893-

The Very Reverend Doctor Peralto,
Bishop of Panama, has tendered for ex-
hibition at the World’s Fair his very re-
markable historical and ethnological
collection which has been for some
years in a museum -connected with the
bishop’s palace. It is one of the most
supurb private collections of antiquities
in the world, including ancient gold
and silver ornaments, vessels and ob-
jects of worship exhumed from the
tombs of the extinct race that once in- |
habited Columbia, rare vases, pottery
and earthenware, rare ornaments, ves-
sels ond missals that date back to the

‘time of the conquest, paper and manu-

scripts, and various others articles of
historical interest. The offer has been
accepted and the collection will be
shown at Chieago.

WHY NOT s4
Make An Exhibit at Your Fair?

Don’t you think it would pay you to obtain
a stock of, stot anywhere from $I0. to $100.
worth, of shells, agates and curios to add a
variety to your present collection, and make
ae Se at your own and neighboring Fairs

is Fa

There's $ $ In It!

Ata good Fair, with a suitable display you
could sell from $10. to $100. per day, upon
which there would be a GOOD BIG profit. -

Now we will have lots or just such material
on hand at Chautauqua, Detroit and Elmira,
that will remain unsold, rather than ship
back home will sell at very low rates, if It
would be inconvenient for you to personally
make your selections at any of the above
places, but will send me the amount you wish
to invest and give me an inkling of about
what you want I will personally and judi-
ciously make a selection for you that I will
guarantee to give you big satisfaction in
every particular and will make the prices to
you lower than you could possibly duplicate
elsewhere.

Remember I also carry a full line of Agate,
Spar, Pyrites and Shell Jewelery and Nov-
elties. rite what you want.

Faithfully,

FRANK H, LATTIN.
Albion, N. Y.

ay

THE OOLOGIST.

"THE STANDARD DIRECTORY FOR’91

Is now ready fer delivery. It contains the
Mames and addresses of the principal Grnitho-
ogists and Oologists of North America, etc.,
50 pages. printed on good buck paper and beund
in heavy antique covers.

Price Post-paid 25 cents.

BULLETIN PRINTING CG.,

: Gilman, Ils.
ee
WE DESIRE TO ANNOUNCE,

That our office is new fully equipped with}
“Hew type ef the latest styles, new presses and |
mew stock, and that we are prepared to furnish |
JOB PRINTING
of any deseriptien, neatly and promptly execut-
elat reasonabie rates. When you need any-
thing in our line, it will only cost you a 2-cent

Stamp for our estimates and samples of our
work. Address,

The Bulletin Printing Co,,

<Suecesors to W. A. Crooks & Co.,}
GILMAN, Tis.

HAVE YOU NOTICED new list of common

_ €ggs wanted and desirable eggs offered in Lat-

tin’s “Exchange Extracrdinary’’ in this OoLo-
GIST?

i WANT AT ONCE INDIAN RELICS,—
MOUND BUILDERS OR MODERN—WILL |
RAY CASH OR GIVE GOOD EXCHANGE. |
WRITHK WHAT YOU HAVE. QUOTING |
PRICES—WHICH MUST NOT BE FANCY,

4

y

a.

AND STATE WHATIS WANTED. FRANK

H. LATTIN, ALBION. N. Y.

BIRD CUTS.

An illustrated price-list of Electrotypes of
Birds sent free. Just the thing to use on your
Letter heads, circulars. etc. Engraving to or-
der. H. A.CARHART, Syracuse, N. Y-

PENSIONS

HE DISABILITY BILL 1S A LAW.

Soldiers disabled since the war are entitled

Dependent widows and parents now depen-
dent. whose sons died from effects of army ser-
vice are included. If you wish your claim
Speedily and successfully prosecuted, address,

JAMES TANNER,

Late Com’r of Pensions, Washington. D. C,

PATENTS

a

|

| Talking Parrots,

Tarboro, N. ©.

Carr's Natural History and Bird Stores.

Taxidermy, Bird Skins and Eggs. Shells,
Curios. Mimerals. Fossils, Indiam Relics and
Naturalists’ Supplies ;Singing and Fancy Birds,
ped eh Goldfish and Aquarium

New Catalogue will be out in Gct.—9? Cata-
logues exhausted.
Cc. F. CARR,
Jeti Madison, Wis.

WiOR SALE CHEAP!—A collec ion of 86 first-
class eggs, value $15.00 for $800, contains
many rare and desirable southern egys.
{RWIN S. COBB.
‘ Broadway, Paducat, Ky.

\\ JANTED:—Purchasers for my collection of
Eggs. I will sell at a preat discount.
Sendjfor a complete list. I will sell all; first
come first served. Ali letters answered. Send
soon because they will go rapid. I am now
booking orders for eggs for setting from the
pure bred Langshan fowl. Henry C. Bridgers,

FOR SALE.—A large collection of eggs;
many rare kinds. 230 epgs, 106 varieties. For
sale cheap. send for list. Address, lL. W. ED-
WARDS, Breoks, Maine.

FOR SALE.—$10 in eggs, climbers $1, Marlin
rifle, 22-cal., %, Long-eared Owl, mounted, $2.50. —
STANTON R. CLARK, Mukwonago, Wis.

O
RICAN 7
AGENCY Jor \\,

S A : nt } !
A pamphlet of information and ab- ! a
stract of the laws, showing How to Up
\ Obtain Patents, Caveats, Trade YW yy

361 Broadway, 7
New York. Jy
$‘¥D1AAA

JRUMPHREYS’

HOMEOPATHIC 2 8

SPECIFIC No

In use ae The only successful remedy for

ervous Debility, Vital Weakness,

and Prostration, from” over-work or other causes.
$1 per vial, or 5 vials and large vial powder, for $5.
SOLD EY DRUGGISTS, or sent postpaid on receipt
af price.—HUMPHREYS’ MEDICINE co., s
Gor. William and Jobn Sts., N. ¥.
FINE, PRINTED Envelopes. white or
colored, with name,
f business and address, for 40c.. postpaid.
Cards and Letter Heads at same price.

For INVENTORS. 40-page BOOK FREE. Address | 100 each for only $1. GS Agents wanted. Big
W.T. Fitzgerald, Ateorney at Law, WashingtonD.C. | pay. Outfitic. A. M.EDDY, Albion,N.Y.

oe. W ith yon.

we ao the rest.”
(OK YOU CAN DO IT YOURSELF.) : Sead for Catalogue

‘THE EASTMAN COMPANY, Rochester, N. Y.

DOMETHING EN

A ‘POCKET PRINTING STAMP, STAMP, |

CANNOT OPEN WHILE IN THE ee alee

NAME ON THIS NEW >
‘ Ou STAMP. WITH INK ONLY
‘ TWENTY-FIVE CENTS.

.S2,00 RET

WORTH OF GOODS
Selected from Mr. Lattin’s
Price List, to any person
who will get up a club of 25 names.

Reference MR. B. HH. Bes

This is a good chanee to a specimens to your col-
lection. ‘Try getting up the club. Address,

R. W. FORD, Bristol, Conn.

Rare California Views. | POSILS, Soh: Wier wim a tae

Enclose stamp for catalogue. Sample of Ayr * FRANK KINNE, Knoxville, Iowa.
views will be sent upon receipt of 25 cents.

California Art Gallery, Santa Rosa, Cal.

&

400 1.00 WM. C. SMITH,
VARIETIES OF STAMPS $1.00; ~~ “comberon ox
Duplicates can be returned. 8 irds, M QT It al 5 and fae
AN UNUSUAL OFFER | LOVELAND, COLORADO.
WP. GRRANY, I make a specialty of mailing birds same aay

as skinned, or sent in the flesh after subjecting
997 BRANNAN St SAN FRANSISOO, CAL. them to a preservative preparation. Enclose
Catalogue for stamp.

stamp for Price List.

OLOGISM.

(ERENT EN EES

TOG OY eS ETRY ns
US 50c. per Year. el

SERA Ee

a eed Gaerensaenen: SOS USGRERERAESE CER ceoTER,
r Le

y Monthly.
“ak 4
VOL. VIII. ALBION, N. Y., OCT, 1891. No. 10
Exchanges and Wants. A BARGAIN: Will exchange one pair Green

Brief special anncuncements, ‘‘Wants,” “Eix-
changes” inserted in this department for 25c
per 2 words. Notices over 25 words, charged
at the rate of one-half cent per word. No
notice inserted for less than 25c. Notices
which are merely indirect methods cf soliciting
cash purchasers cannot be aamitted to these
columns under any circumstances. Terms,

cash with order.

COLLECTION of eggs in sets with data,
Worth $20, in exchange for good silver watch.
JOHN WILLIAMS, Wenham, Mass,

WANTED.—Indian relics, mound relics, war
relics of ali kinds in exchange for one 82-cali-
bre Revolver. Marlin. Minerals and many
other articles to numerous to mention. M,
ROSENBURG. Meade, Kan,

TO HXCHANGE one tame Great Horned Owl
and Southern Eggs. What am I offered in fire-
arms. eggs and ete. I. U. KINSEY, Jr., 204
New Houston St. Savannah, Ga.

TO EXCHANGE.—A nicely mounted Snowy
Owl for best offer of first-class sets with data.
A pair of climbers wanted. ARTHUR M. FAR-
MER. Box 135, Amoskeag. N. H.

TO EXCHANGE: A fine collection of coins
for $8 worth of sets or Coues Key, last edition,
also Coleoptera for anything relating to Orni-
thology. PAUL VAN RIPER, Niles, Mich.

WHO WILL GIVE me $ worth of first-class
birds eggs—any variety—for 250 postage stamps
50 countries, catalogued at $5. ERED BAKER,
Box, 324, Stratford, Ont.

TO EXCHANGE: A printing press and font
of Type. Cost $8, in good conditicn, for best of-
fer of birds eggs. singles, send list. .WAIT C.
JOHNSON, Center Rutiand, Vt.

- IHAVE a Hawk-eye Camera which cost $15
just like new, which I will exchange for United
States delivery stamps. Send for particulars.
JOHN HECK, Raleigh, N. C.

_ WANTED: First-class Southern and Western
_ birdskins: Have for exchange fine 45 cal Shot
Gun used but little with brass shelis and imple-
ments. Will exchange for $25 worth of first-
- class skins. Cost with tools etc. 118. BRAD A

) SCUDDER, Highland St., Taunton, Mass.

TO EXCHANGE. — One mounted Whistling

Swan. 22 cal. Flobert Rifle. Taxidermists’ tools,

_ Advertising Space in'The Spy Glass and sub-

'Seriptions to the Spy Glass, for first-clast. speci-

mens. Make offers. Address, LETSON BAL-
LIET, Des Moines, Iowa.

Heron skims, one pair of American Crows, one
pair Junco, one pair Goldfinch and one pair
Chewink for skin of Barn Owl. EDGAR A.
FERO, 116 Ontario St., Cohoes,N. Y.

WANTED.—Minerals, Shells, Fossils, and
Indian Relics. Have for exchange, same, and
all kinds of books, paper, board and cloth bind-
mgs, or pay cash, for desirable specimens.
Write, stating what you have and what you
want. GEO. W. DIXON, Watertown, S. D.

EE I Oe oS ZR OES OR
DETECTIVE CAAMERA of some good make
wanted, will give a bargain to the right party,
have to exchange rare western Bird Skins
(over 400), Washburn Guitar, value $22.00, or
pay part cash. GEO. G. CANTWELL, 105
Pike’s Peak ave., Colorado Springs, Colo. —

pa ME NT PI We, MAUR VON I= fA OD A SAPD)

ITHAVE acollection of sets, including some
rare species, such as. Swainson’s Yellow-throat<
ed and Pine Warblers. Frosted Poor-wili, etc.,
valued at $5, that I will give for a good safety

Bicycle. Send full description. and in return
get list of eggs. J. W. P. Smithwick, Sans
Souci. N. C.

GOOD EXCHANGE: Iwill give good first-
class sets of Pigeon hawk, Red tailed hawk,
Great Horned owl, Ostrich egg and other de-
sirables for a breech-loading shot gun. Address
atonee. DR. W.S. STRODE, Bernadotte. Ill.

WANTED.—To purchase full sets of Land
Birds’ Eggs with comple data. JAS. MCEVOY
Jr., Grahams Warehouse, Park Ave. and Dol-
phin St., Baltimore. Md.

FOR EXCHANGE.—Fine sets of Booby. Man-
’9-War-Bird. Yellow-billed Tropic Bird. Roy-
al Tern, Noddy, American Egret, Baid Eagle,
Texan, Nighthawk, Paraque, etc. WM. FIN-
NIGAN, 48 Adalaide St., West Toronto, Cana- -
da. .

TO EXCHANGE. — Press, 2x3°4 in., chase
with type; for a standard work on entomology. .
Box 20, Baker, Darke Co., O. :

WANTED.—Repeating Winchester, must be
first-class in every respect. I will give im ex-
change first-class Birds’ Eggs, singles cr sets
with data. IThaveafew Indian Relics to ex-
change. “ Address, O. C. CHARLES, George-
town, Tex.

TO EXCHANGE.—143 Foreign, (some very
rare.) 22 old U. S. and Confederate stamps and
a collection of 30 species of second-class eggs.
Hees value $3,37 if first-class. All for ‘“Davies’
Nests and Eggs of N, A. birds,” cloth. Some
of the eggs are very rare. Send for list. GE

| F. MIMS, P. O. Box, 67, Edgeffeld, So. Car.

THE OOLOGIST.

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued.

TO EXCHANGE.—42 tame stripped Oregon
Chipmunks for Birds’ Eggs, Curios, etc. Send
lists. GEO. W. SAYLOR, Haines. Baker Co.,
Oregon. Oey

“TO EXCHANGE,—32 cal, double action, six-

shooter; for best offer in eggs. Also eggs from |

this locality. Sendlist. JESSE MILUER, 184
Dallas St., Houston, Texas.

TO BXCHANGE.—I have cage in sets oe
change for pair of opera glasses or anything
eee. Pence. W.C. MORROW, 1086 Penn-
sylvania ave., Columbus, O.

ESAT a RS YAR A a a Ea

PHILATELIC PAPERS, to exchange for
eggs. Send list of papers you wish, and list of
eggs you have to exchange. HERBERT N.
BUGBEB, Fitchburg, Mass.

TO EXCHANGE.—One book called United
States Naval and Astronomical Expedition,
published in 1851; for the best offer of Burds’
fees. PASCHUL HUPPERTZ, 1604 Lavaca
St., Austin, Texas.

EXCHANGE.—Will exchange collection of
900 different, mostly foreign Postal Stamps;
for Fossils. Send for list. FP. BANK, 5 West
4th St., Cincinnati, O.

Sa nc a UT a Es eee eee

WILL BXCHANGE foreggsin sets, print-
ing press, fountain pen, books, magazines, ete.
postage stamps, single eggs, and a few sets.
Address, JOHN B. SEYMOUR, Clinton, Oneida

_Co., N. Y.

TO EXCHANGE.— Three Oologists’ Hand-
pooks, marvelous collection, Single-shot Revol-
ver, Collection of Birds’ Eggs, Mexican Pota-
toes, etc. Offers wanted in Curios and Miner-
als. A. R. HUTCHINSON, Gaines, N. Y.

WANTED.—To exchange fine specimens. of
the Horseshoe-crab for eggs in singles. Water-
birds, Hawks or Owls preferred. ALLEN
. HOP, New Dorp, Staten Island, N. Y.

I HAVE a photographic outfit, worth $30. that
T will exchange for best offer. L. L, KNOX,
Giddings, Tex. :

TO EXCHANGE.—An International Album
and good collection ot stamps, value $7; for
United States stamps or Indian Relics. SAM-
UEL H. ROBBE, Belleville, Wayne Co., Michi-
ea : Bal ean Gee

WANTED.—Good pair climbing irons, will
exchange a collection of 120 stamps in album,
books, etc.. for same. S. EK. KLINTBERG,
Box 340, Plattsmouto, Neb.

‘TO EXCHANGE.—Woo0d’s Natural History,
On the Sea Shore, Almond Tree, Young Folk’s
History of France, and hand bracket saw: for
Birds’ Eggs. JAMES E. MALLORY, Baldwin,
Kan.

WANTED.—Persons having books relating
to Natural History of any branch or Taxider-
mists tools and supplies, that will sell cheap
for cash. Weorite to we stating what you have,
condition it is in and the lowest price you will
sell. Also back Nos. of amateur naturalists’

apers wanted for cashh WALTER BRAD-
FORD, Mayfield, Ky.

LOOK HERE.—I have a first-class receipe
for embalming birds and for every fifty cents’
worth of eggs sent I willsendit to them. W.
R. BIRD, Mason City, Iowa.

eee

jue,

- FOLLOWING in exchange for Shot Gun: 22
cal. rifle, 32 cal revolver, $2.00 Standard stamp,

Vol. North American Review and Vol. paper
published in 1837. All answered, ARTHUR G.
POTTER, 405 S_ 25th Ave., Omaha Neb. ~

150 COCOONS of Attacus Cecropia to exchange

for Minerals and Indian Relics. Make me an
offer. E. A. Locke, Box 152, Whitman, Mass. —

A COLLECTION of over 300 birds eggs. will
exchange for a Pointer (puppy) or Pigeons. —
For particularszaddress, C. C. RENSHAW,
Boyee, Clarke Co., Va.

EXCHANGE skins and some eggs, for same_
net commonly found in Mich., want birds im
meat will give skins and some cash, everyone
answered. A. W. HANAFORD, 21 Olive Street,
Grand Rapids, Mich.

TO EXCHANGE. White Pelican skin and
South American birds eggs. No postals. Ad-
dress, W. MORGAN MARTIN, M.D., No. 309 E.
Ninth Street, Wellington, Kan.

EXCHANGE, would like to exchange a set of -
Pla. Red-shouldered Hawk 1-2 fora set of Tax-
idermists instruments. Those answering this
exchange please give full list of instruments in
set. Address, E. K. COLLE?TT, Austin, Tex. —

WANTED :— Collectors of Butterflies and
Moths in every State in the Union and Canada. .
Will pay fine eggs in sets, or cash for them.
Ail specimeus must be perfect. PROF. CARL
BRAWN, Bangor, Maine. td

TO EXCHANGE,—Sets. Nos. A.O. U. 3252-

2, 417 44, 610 14, 731 1-9, 387 14, 201 4, 39414. With
datas, also 289 2-15, 622a 14, 452 14, 3383 4. With-

out datas, also 373 -2, 394 -1, 731 -3, 598 -1 387 -2,
also 20 Turtles; for original Sets with datas.
uffin. Heron and Water-birds preferred. Best
ers answered and accepted. P. C. CHAD-
WICK, Loring, Kansas.

Carr's Natural History and Bird Stores,

Taxidermy, Bird Skins and Eggs, Shells,
Curios, Minerals, Fossils, Indian Relics and
Naturalists’ Supplies ;Singing and Fancy Birds,
Talking Parrots, Goldfish and Aquarium

Stock. oe
New Catalogue will be ont in Oct.—’90 Cata-
Cc. F. CARR, ;

logues exhausted.

Jett Madison, Wis. a
TVPORTED ovbisn'sitk Worm EoGN

For Seeds in Silk Culture. Different Species.

Also the celebrated Madras Silk Cocoons,
warranted to be raised successfully im
this country. Directions given how to
raise them profitably. Prices low.

PROF. CARL BRAUN,
NATURALIST,

Bangor, Maine

Rare California Views.

Enclose stamp for catalogue. Sample of
views will be sent upon receipt of 25 cents.

California Art Gallery, Santa Rosa, Cal.

THE OOLOGIST.

Attention Collectors !

FOR X-MAS PRESENTS,
Exotic Butterflies and Moths

In brilliant colors and of rare beauty, from Indla,
Australia, Africa and South America for cash or
half cash and half in rare eggs or fine bird skins.
Also fine cocoons from other countries. Send 5c
for catalogue. State what you want distinctly.
Absolutely no attention paid to postal cards. Col-
iections made up in cabinets for museums and
‘colieges, containing all the classes of insects
from every clime. We have the largest stock of
Lepidoptera in New England and charge the low-
‘est prices in the United States.

PROF.CARL BRAUN,
NATURALIST,

UOLDGLSTS HANDBUUK,

86 Pages of Valuable Information.

It gives our regular price list of odlogical specimens
and supplies (ths most complete ever sent out by any
dealer). It gives the common and scientific names of
alli Nortn Amevican birds, arranged and numbered
accordiig to Ridgeway’s (the Smithsonian) nomencla-
ture of 1881; it gives the numbers used in Baird’s
check-list of 1859 and those used in Coue’s of 1883;
it gives the value of the eggs of over 500 species of
North American birds, this fact alone making thé
‘catalogue invaluable to collectors asa basis of ex-
change. It names the various families into which the
birds of North America are divided, and enumerates
‘the birds belonging to each family. It gives, approx-
amately, the number of eggs in a clutch of every
American bird. It tells how to prepare specimens for
cabinet, how to pack them fer transportation, with
many other useful hints.

PRICE POST PAID 10 CENTS.

*,* This Handbook was published in 1885,
butitis now more than worth the nominal
price asked for it.

YOU FURNISH THE COPY,

“WE DO THE REST!

We print everything from a Visiting Card to
a Dictionary, at as low prices as consistent with
good work. Job Printing, Stereotyping and
Binding. Send for new price list. or estimate.
Adaress, A. M. EDDY, Albion, N. Y.,

193

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cents. Breastpins, bangles. and charms, all with
the Lord’s Prayer each 10 cents. Graduated
pocket ruies. envelope openers, paper cutters fin-
ger rings, sewing thimbles. each 24 cents. Match
boxes 50 cents. Plaques, portrait frames, panels,
nalue plates, Saucers, dishes, cups. teaspoons,
satchet boxes. fans, table forks, mirrors, each
$1.00 and $1.50. Printer’s composing sticks, $3.00,
Rules, horse-bits, stirrups, shoes, watch cases,
opera glasses, Wc. Any other novelty made ta
order. 2510 450cents discount to Agents. _One
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est Music

sce $10 Cle Bull Violin for $2.
he Zo Outfit consisting of Violin, Italian Strings, Woe
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Music Book of instructions, containing over eighty-five.
pieces of Cheéce and Latest Selections of Music, all pack-
edin a neat strong Case. 82. a
$id George Christy Banjo, $3. ,
Maple Shell, Sheepskin Hoad, Silverasttena=
Eee Rim, Metal }icad @astenings, i
talian Strings, Book of Instructions. Allinneat Case 3
S10 Celebrated Aimee Guitar, $3-
iy =~ Maple imitation of Rosewood, bony
trimmings, Patent Head, Pearl in-

194 THE OOLOGIST.

ATHANKSGIVING OFFERS

FOR $1.00.

I will send you $1.00 worth of eggs or 75¢ worth of anything I
advertise, and the OoLoaisT, with coupons, one year.

FOR $2.00.

I will send you $2.00 worth of Birds’ Eggs, or $1.50 worth of any-
thing I advertise and a copy of Davie’s ‘Nests and Eggs of North
American Birds.” $1.25 edition.

FOR $3.00.

I will send you $3.00 worth of Bird’s Eggs or $2.00 worth of any-

thing I advertise, and a copy of Davie’s ‘Nests and Higgs of North
American Birds.” $1.75 edition.

FOR $5.00.

I will send you $5.00 worth of Eggs or $4.00 of anything I adver-

tise, and a copy of Langille’s “Our Birds in their Haunts.” $3.00
Edition.

FOR $10.00

I will send you $10.00 worth of Eggs or $6.00 worth of anything I
advertise, and a copy of Ridgway’s “Manual of North American Birds”
$7.50 edition.

FOR $15.00.

I will send you{$15.00 worth of Eggs or $10.00 worth of anything
I advertise and a copy of Maynard’s “Birds of Eastern North Amer-
ica.” Publisher’s price $18.00.

IMPORTANT! Books and Eggs will be sent prepazd, other

articles asiper conditions in catalogue. In all offers Eggs or articles are
of your own selection. Eggs may be either singles or sets.

THE ABOVE OFFERS WILL HOLD GOOD UNTIL DEC.
lst, 1891. Address plainly,

PRANK Hi LART ING ae, Ata es

<THE # 00 OGIST<-

VOL. eran

Pe BION: N. Y., OCT:, 1891.

ae a 10

The Screech Owl.

Throughout the temperate regions of
North America few species among our
nocturnal birds of prey have a wider
distribution. Who is there, who has
not listened to their plaintive cry, as it
alternates from high to low, and is oc-
casionaly varied by deep gutteral trills
that cause a ghostly desolation to creep
over the listner in spite of his efforts to
console himself with the assurance that
it is only an Owl. Where, too, is the
school boy who has not spent many an
hour in pursuit of the little fellows as
they sail swiftly by on noiseless wings in
the dusk of evening; or, who has not
climbed tree after tree during the day,
to find each time that his bird was inst
a little beyond his reach.

When disturbed during the day, they
will very often stare vacantly at the in-
truder, and act very much like a child
suddenly awakened from a sound sleep,
and then drop off their perch backwards
as though dead. They are not dead,
however, asI have learned by exper-
ience, more than once, by having their
sharp claws buried in my hand while
attempting to pick them up.

They are fond of low meadows, and
. old barns where they devour great
quantities of the small quadrupeds
which infest such places. The immense
good which these Owls do in the dis-
truction of vermin should command for
them the respect of everyone, but not
unfrequently the most cruel persecu-
tions are the only reward which they
receive. Throughignorance and super-
stition they are made the scape-goats
for ‘a multitude of sins committed by
some of their larger and less scrupulous
brethren. Fortunately there are local-
ities where their true worth is recogniz-
ed, and where they are held in high es-

teem- Here they become very unsu-
spicious, nesting and roosting in very
public places. I once knew a pair to
make their nest in a hollow apple-tree,
some five or six feet from the ground,
which stood in our garden. They would
sit quietly in the opening and watch us
come within a few feet of them. Some
times they would fly away, but would
oftener drop back into their nest.
They seem to court rather than shun
human society. The hole generaly
chosen for their home is one which has
been previously made by some of the
Woodpecker family, but where this
does not exist, a decayed Soup is
chosen.

The cavity is placed at davis
heights, which seem to depend a good
deal on the character of the neighbor-
hood. In localities near to human hab-
itations the nest is seldom placed at a
greater height, and many are placed
not more than five or six feet from the
ground, while in wooded regions a
height of forty feet and upwards is often
chosen. The nest is placed in the bot-
tom of the cavity, and consists of a few
dried leaves and grasses, with an upper
lair of feathers. In some instances the
material of which the nest is composed
is thrown into the hollow in a promis-
cuous heap entirely regardless of either
order or elegance. The nest being fin-
ished, the female deposites her eggs;
one a day, until the full number is
reached. Incubation begins at once,
and continues for fifteen days. This is
claimed to be chiefly the work of the
female. When with eggs or young the
approach of an enemy is greeted with a
hissing noise, and if the hand is put in-
to the nest, will very often meet with a
sharp reception.

The characteristic plumages of these
birds seem to be purely individual,

196

THE OOLOGIST.

sinee in the same nest may be found|stroke is given with the foot, in order
both red and gray young ones, while|to throw the bird under water in an in-

the parents may be both red or both
gray, the female red and the male gray,
or the reverse. I have mounted a great
many specimens of both colors, but. my
experience has been that the per cent.
of red ones is much the larger. A nest
investigated last spring, April 138th,
some thirty miles south of here, con-
tained one young one, one pipped egg
and one rotten egg. One old one was
red, the other gray. The young one
was covered with snow-white down.
Mrs. LintLiz PLEAS,
Clinton, Ark.

The Divers.

The OoLoaist is so useful in raising
up young students of bird-life, that I
have determined to prepare for it, a
series of articles on Typical and Fami-
liar Birds. ;

So, according to the present received
system of classification, I must begin
with the Divers, represented by the
Grebes and the Loons. They are in a
special sense water-birds. The former,
indeed, scarcely leave the water at all,
and the latter only leave it with great
difficulty.

No student of birds, should fail to
strip the skeleton of one of these species,
—removing the flesh from the bones by
thorough boiling—and compare the pe-
culiar bony structure with the life his-
tory and habits of the class of birds in
‘question. It will at once be seen, how
remarkably the feet and legs are con-
structed and placed, for swimming and
diving ; and how the specializing for
this purpose, has about destroyed all
adaptation to life and activity on the
land. ‘‘Straight as a loon’s leg,” is an
old adage, well taken as far as the loon’s
leg is concerned, but even it does not
point out tne lengthening of the bone
of the heel and the immense leg mus-
cles, by which the powerful upward

stant,—between the flash and the ar-
rival of the charge of the gun.

Everything about the Grebe, even to
its plumage, is a most interesting study.
Nor is anything in connection with it
more interesting, thau its habits of nidi-
fication. The Common or Thick-billed
Grebe, may be taken as representative.
Its nest is a sort of a pier or mound,
built up from the bottom, in water any-
where to a foot or eighteen inches deep
made of various kinds of decaying veg-
etable matter found under water in the
locality, and extending a few inches
above the surface, this cylindrical shape
some eighteen inches in diameter, and
neatly rounded and depressed on the
top, contains some six or eight eggs,
1.25 x .87 inch, white, rather rough, and
tinged and waved with light green. ~
These eggs generally very much soiled,
are always more or less covered with
the wet material on the nest, and the
bird always manages to get off the nest
without being seen. The eggs, how-
ever, are always warm as those of any
other setting bird.

You need not look on the nest for the
younglings, however recently hatched.
Bring your boat up ever so stealthily,
the instinct of fear is so strong, that
they will get away before the motion of
the water sways the frailfabric, or your
eye can detect them thereon. But they
peep like chickens among the rushes,
while the mother whistles plaintively
but wholly out of sight. Should you
succeed in finding them, you cannot
but admire their beauty. Jet black,
with six narrow white stripes length-
wise along the back and up the neck,
with reddish markings about the head,
bill red, they are white underneath.
Now hide away carefully. Soon the
mother’s soft whistle brings together the
scattered brood; and as she swims deep-
ly, they may mount on her back and
take a ride; or, should they take alarm

THE OOLOGIST.

197

they may dive. The young getting un-
der the mother’s wing as they go under,
but coming up out of the water again
before she makes her appearance.

These Grebes breed abundantly on
St. Clair Flats, and still more abun-
‘dantly to the North-west. They feed
principally on fish, also on aquatic in-
sects, varying their diet to some extent
with water plants of different kinds.

J. H. LANGILLE,

Kensington, Ind., or Smithsonian Insti-.

‘tute, Washington, D. C.

In Favor of an Organization.

It was with pleasure I read the article

by J. H. Langille in a former number
of the OoLocistT, and was much sur-
prised that it received no reply in the
last issue. I am sure it was not from
lack of interest that all was silence
along the line. Perhapsothers, like my-
self, were waiting to hear from someone
else. é

I am verv glad this subject has at last
been brought up and after a plan that
I hope will materialize in such a way
as to prove of lasting benefit to those
interested in ornithology. For some
time I have thought what a grand thing
it would be if a fraternity like that pro-
posed by Rev. Langille could be formed.
The necessary foundation for an organ-
ization of that order could hardly be
other than the chiefs among ornitholo-
gists, and it did not seem possible to me
that they crxuld under any. circumstan-
ces give their valuable time to aid us,
though we, even as they are trying to
learn something of the mysteries of
creation. But now that one of these
men has interested himself in our be-
half and is working for us, let us do all
we can to further any plans for the
formation of some such society as may
be consistant with our circumstances.

From my study of birds, and all na-
ture as well, I steadfastly believe we
were all created for some purpose, that

each one of us have some peculiar fa-
culty belonging to ourselves, and that
by study we may develop that ability
in such a manner as to be able to give
to others the benefits we have derived
from its possession. Now, even we
may be in possession of just what is
needed to throw light on some obscure
point in science, and by communion
through correspondence with these men
be able to develope the germ that is
within us and pursue to a logical se-
quence that which now. has no definite
form.

Thus we may in time repay to some
extent what these men may do for us
thorough the mediums of a fraternity.
But the question is what can we do
now? Will not some one come for-
ward with a plan? How much we
have lost in the past by not having the
facilities that would be presented by
an organization of this kind each one
of us can realize, to some extent at
least. Not what we might gain from
now on by the aid of such a society we
dare not estimate.

L. O. D,
Litchfield, Minn.

What is the Highest Northern Latitude in
Which the Chewink Breeds?

That discussion in the OOLOGIST re-
garding the most northern region in
the state of New York in which the
Chewink breeds, is decidedly of inter-
est to me, as I reside in nearly the same
latitude in Michigan as the counties
named (42 ° 40). The Chewink is
here, one of our most common and
abundant birds, and always breeds here.
IT had supposed we were much south
of its northern breeding limit. It cer-
tainly breeds in Lapeer Co., the county
north of this (Oakland), and I think
somewhat farthers in the two southern
tiers of townships in Lapeer Co.,*it is
about as abundant as in Oakland Co.,
(Latitude 48.° 5-). The habits of this

198

bird are very interesting.
very early in the spring and about the
first indication of its presence is a great
scratching among the leaves and
brush.

It is very vivacious and active. Itis
found in most woodlands, but .seems to
prefer hilly woodlands, wooded slopes,
and especially where the woods slopes
toward some stream or lake. It moves
about with a series of quick jumps, sud-

denly pausing now and then and caus-.

ing its feet to make a series of very rap-
id movements, throwing the dead leaves
about in a lively manner. In the pres-
ence of man it is very familiar, all the
while peeping just out of reach, its
sharp eyes regarding every movement
of the intruder, now and then crying
out “‘Cheewink.” Like most of the
Thrush tribe, it is very inquisitive and
a good singer.

I would miss few birds more than

It arrives!

this jolly, good-natured felllow. When- |

ever I hear a sudden and very lively
stirring of the leaves, I always know
the Chewink is about. When passing
through a still woods, this sudden rust-
ling among the leaves is decidedly start_
ling to the uninitiated.

Will some. Michigan correspondence
tell me our northern breeding limit for
this bird ?

WILFRED A. BROTHERLON,
Rochester, Mich.

Notes at Random.

Mr. H. L. Spinney, a_ taxidermist
living aj Georgetown, Me., has a Least
Bittern taken near his place March 4,
1891. The bird is very rare in this loc-
- ality; it weighed only 1} ounce.

The same gentleman has a curiosity
in the nest of a Chickadee. The nest
was built in a hollow apple tree limb
and five eggs were laid. Another nest
was then built over these eggs and
seven more eggs laid. He sawed the
limb off so that the lower eggs were vis-
ible from the bottom of the nest.

Sa Oa eee

THE )OOLOGIST.

While camping near Mr. Spinney’s
this summer, I took a Maryland Yellow
throat’s nest builtin a juniper bush
about two feet from the ground. The
nest contained four fresh eggs. I have
never before heard of the Maryland
Yellow - throat building above. the
ground. Who has?

This summer Mr. Spinney and I took
several sets of eggs of the Artic and
Common Terns on the rocky islands at
the mouth of Kennebec River. We
shot fine specimens of both birds when
flying above the eggs. I know that lL have
these two kinds of Tern’s eggs, but I
am unable to distinguish them. The
birds were very wild and we could de-
vise no method of capturing them on
their eggs.

The nests were of a great variety.
There were a few nests made of hay
and weeds. Others were simply a hand
full of small stones, while a majority of
the eggs were laid upon the bare rock or
npon a little turf collected in the hol-
lows of the rock. We found two sets of
six eggs each and several of five, four,
three and two. The eggs in the largest
sets were apparently laid by two birds.

In these sets two or three were of the
same shape and color and the others of
another shape and color, while the in-
cubation of the one kind was in nearly
every case very much different from the
incubation of the other kind. These
facts together with Davie’s statement
that the birds lay only from two to four
eggs, very rarely five, have led me to
the conclusion that the eggs in the
largest sets were laid by two birds and
perhaps by two species. The eggs were
taken June 28 and July 27.

Davie, in his Nests and Eggs of North

American Birds, under the heading,
Common Tern, says: ‘Mr. Worthing-
ton informs me that he never saw but
one set of more than four eggs in the
thousands he has collected.” Let us
hear from others in regard to the Com-
mon and Artic Terns.
A. B. CALL.
Townshend, Vt:

THE OOLOGIST.

199

Ornithologists’ Association.

SECRETARY’S REPORT.

The Ornithologist’s Association met
Sept. 15th at Washington, D. C., and
the following persons were proposed
for membership in the Association:

Active.—A. Lake, 1837 U St. N. W.,
Washington, D. C.

Corresponding.— Frank H. Shoemak-
er, Hampton, Iowa; Bert H. Bailey,
402 A. Ave., Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Dr.
A.G. Prill, Springville, Erie Co., N. Y.
J. Alden Loring, Owego, ‘Tioga Co. N.
Y. Richard D. Lusk, Tombstone, Coch-
ise Co., Arizona.

As no objections were made they will
be admitted to full membership on pay-
ment of dues.

I quote from the By Laws, ‘“The dues

of all active members shall be one dol-
lar, and of all corresponding members
fifty cants, per annuum, payable semi-
annually in advance.”

‘HARLAN’S BUZZARD AND THE RED-TAIL-

Some time ago the question as to the
‘differentiating points between these
two species was raised in the OOLOGIST
and there was a reference to my book,
“Our Birds in Their Haunt,” in which
I quote C. J. Maynard on said points.
That quotation makes the four outer
primaries ‘incised on the inner webs,”
‘a main point of difference. This diag-
‘nosis is at fault, and shows how we may
err in quoting others without independ-
‘ent reflection and examination on our
own part. It is strange that Mr.Maynard
‘should not have known that all the
Buteos have the inner webs of the four
‘outer primaries incised.

Nor ean anything definite be affirmed
‘as to difference in the size of the two
species; for the extreme measurements
of harlami may be said to be. included
in the extreme measurements of bore-
ais.

What then is the difference?

the color. In structure they are iden-
tical. This difference in color is for the
most part in the tail. The clear chest-
nut redof the tail of the mature borealis
the regular dusky subterminal band,
and the regular crossbands of light and
dark dusky in immature birds of the
species, are in marked contrast to. the
streaked and clouded tail of harland, in
which streaks of red are but occasion-
ally seen, and white or whitish soon
becomes the prevailing characteristic.

Another point of difference is to be
found in the absence in harlani of the
ocherous or reddish shades so common
in borealis, especially about the head
and neck. The dusky or black so dom-
inent in harlani, giving it a blackish
general effect, is however, only on
the tips of the plumage, the inner parts
being white. This white becomes ag-
gressive with age; and, as the under
parts tend to be pure white, the species
finally becomes decidedly hoary.

Allow me to note here, that Mr.
Ridgeway regards one specimen from
Iowa as intermediate; and hence be-
lieves harlant to be simply a geographi-
cal variety or race.

Harlan’s Buzzard is a Southern var-
iety, inhabiting the Gulf States and
Lower Mississippi Valley, sometimes
straggling to Pennsylvania, Illinois and
lowa.

EGGS OF THE BROAD-WINGED HAWK.

A query was raised in the OOLOGIST
sometime ago, as to the size of the eggs
of the Broad-winged Hawk. There isa
very small series in the National Mus-
eum. The ayerage measurement is
1.98x1.56.

Please notice that this article is the
substance of a discussion in the Ornith-
ologists Association, which is now fairly
on its feet and in working order.

J. HH. LANGILLE.

Mr. E. J. Brown during a trip to

Simply | Cobbs Island, Va. the past summer

200

THE OOLOGIST.

found that the Terns once very abun-
-dant there have been nearly extermin-
ated by the millinery skin-hunters.
- They were slaughtered by the thous-
ands, and even the native gunners de-
clared it a shame to continue the \ work
they were engaged in.
“Reed-birds and Sora Rail have not
been very abundant, so far, on the Ana-
~ costia marshes but the gunners are per-
sistent. One man reports having killed
60 Rails wijh only a paddle when the
marshes were inundated by a freshet.
It seems to be nothing unusual here
(D.C.) for Rail as well as Woodcock
to be found under the telegraph wires,
killed while migrating at night.

Is not Sept. 16th rather late for Vir-

ginia Quails to be incubating? The
undersigned examined a nest of 13 eggs
which will probably hatch in a few
days.

A. B. FaRNHAM.
Sec. and Trs. of Ornithologist Assoe’n.

An April’s Outing.

It was a beautiful day, the 20th of
April last. The sun gave down a ge-
nial light that bathed the hills and flood-
ed the valleys, and shed a mild, invigo-
rating warmth that made all nature
exult. The sky was clear save fora
few pearly clouds reposing upon the
westérn horizon which were melting
away inthe swelling tideof day. The
haze, which in California so often ob-
scures the vision, was absent; the eye
could range unrestrained over the vast
expanse of ripening grain, and view the
verdant lustre of the surrounding hills
and the rugged desolation of the distant
mountains.

From the redolent fields, yet spark-
ling with dew, the Lark had ushered in
the morn with joyous strains—now the
air was freighted with the melodious
mingling of unnumbered sounds and
scented with the fragrance of myriads

of blossoms bursting from their night’s.
repose.

It. was on such a day that two Oolo-
gists, the writer being one of the num~
ber, clad in antiquated garments,
wended their way through the less fre~
quented streets of Santa Barbara, past
the limits of the city on the outing that.
this article concerns. Passing through
a canon contiguous to the city, we,
with our enthusiasm at its height,
searched every bush and treethat could
afford concealment to the nests of birds.
Descending to the bed of a stream wall~
ed on either side by precipitous banks,
we with no little difficulty, forced our
way through the tangled growth of
bushes, vines and weeds that grew so.
rank along the watered way, and now
and then scrambled along the faces of
the encroaching cliffs, which, crumb-
ling beneath our weight, afforded us
but an insecure passage. My compan-
ion, who was in the lead came to a sud-
den stop and peering over his shoulder
in the direction indicated by his staff
I saw hidden among the leaves of a wild
rose bush a nest of the Hermann’s Song
Sparrow from which we obtained four
eggs. Meanwhile a pair of California
Towhees that seemed unusually inter-
ested in our proceedings had attracted
our attention. We searched for some-
time for their nest and finally espied it
in a bush at the top of the cliff, and af-
tera hard scramble reached the nest,
and obtained three eggs. After pro-
ceeding a short distance we found a
second nest of the Hermaunn’s Song
Sparrow similiarly situated and{contain-
ing the same number of eggs as the first,
By this time we had reached a mass of ,
flags through which we could svarcely
advance. However, we essayed the.
passage, and upon pushing aside the
flags to facilitate our progress, a nest
containing four eggs of a Western Yel-
low-throat was disclosed. At first we
were doubtful of their identity but the
timely appearance of the parent bird,
dispelled our doubts.

THE OOLOGIST.

201

When we emerged from the flags, we
quit the stream for an adjacent canon
‘where the voices of numberless song-
sters were lifted in generous emulation
and countless bees roved hither and
thitherculling nectar for their succu-
lent stores. Here we noticed Parkman’s
Wrens in considerable numbers and
found several of their nests, which are
‘built in the cavities of trees. This bird
builds its nest as far back in the cavity
as posible, filling the interior with a
collection of small twigs, which pro-
truding from the opening invariably be-
trays the presence of the nest. The
nest is composed of horse hairs and
feathers with a piece of snake's skin
added by way of adornment.

We obtained three sets, one of nine
eggs aud two of four. The eggs of this
species resemble those of the eastern
House Wren in color, size and shape.
In the pendulous foliage of the oak the
California Bush Tit weaves its beauti-
ful nest. This nest is a marvel of bird
architecture and entirely out of propor-
tion to the diminutive size of the build-
er. Itis the result of many days ardu-

ous labor, and many miles must be’

traveled by the tiny birds in collecting
the thousands of particles of wool,
weeds and lichens used in its construc-
tion. The nest is cylindrical in form
with a lateral entrance near the top.
The walls are composed chiefly of wool
and lichens, but strings, bits of weeds
and twigs are used to good advantage;
the bottom is lined with feathers and
vegetable down. The average dimen-
tions are as follows: Length 8 inches,
breadth 5 inches, walls 4+ inch, except
at the bottom, where it is increased to
2inches. The eggs are pure white in
color and measure scarcely one-half
inch in length. Both the musical Wren
and the trooping Bush Tits do the far-
mers an incalculable good in the des-
truction of insect pests.

When the sun had attained the zen-
ith, we found ourselves upon a hill com-

manding a view of the ocean, which
lay as calm as any inland sea. Here,
while lolling upon the green sward we
partook of our luneh.

In close proximity lay a woodland
through which ran a deep ravine. Thi-
ther we took our way and renewed the
search. While wandering about we
found a nest of Nuttal’s Woodpecker in
a bee tree. My companion visited it a
few days later on and procured from
the nest a set of six eggs. <A little fur-
ther on two owls flew out of a hollow
tree. My companion ascended the tree
and after gazing down the cavernous
depths announced the discovery of a
nest. Our buoyant hopes rose higher
and higher. Gazing down the cavity
until his eyes became acussomed to the
darkness. my companion beheld, crepos-
ing upon the questionable debris con.
tained therein, a solitary egg of hugh
proportions. In size and conformation
this egg proclaimed its parentage, while
its voluble odor, as it permeated the

‘circumambient atmosphere, firmly con-

vinced us of its age. It was doubtless,
the relic of a pair of Western Horned
Owls whose fate is an unsolved mystery.

Next we entered the ravine: where,
enclosed around with bushy sides, and
eovered high with a foliaceous canopy,
supported by the bare and rugged
trunks of syeamore’s and oaks, a silence,
reigned in mildness, lonliness and
peace, while here and there a few strag-.
gling sunbeams found an entrance ang
flickered in the gloom. As we advanced.
the omnious denizens of this umbra-
geous retreat, startled from their slum~
bers, sought refuge in soft-winged flight.
A Barn Owl sweeping by attracted my
attention and I turned to watch its
course. As I did so a large owl sprung
from the bank directly opposite me,
and so soft was its flight, that, had I not
been looking in that direction, it cer-
tainly would have escaped my notice.
It being no more than twenty feet dis-
tant, I obtained a good view of the bird

202

THE OOLOGIST.

recognized in it a species strange to me.
A subsequent consultation of Coues con-
vineed me that the bird was the rare
‘desirable Spotted Owl (Syrniwm ocet-
‘dentale), which is known to breed in
Southern California. ji

My dash up the bank was perhaps in-
decorous as well as speedy. I searched
‘around the ferns from whence the owl
hand flown and soon found the object
of my quest resting upon a few dry
leaves in an arched recess in the ferns.
The eggs were two in number, pure
white, and measured as follows: 2. 12
*1.68; 2. 24x1 .63.

While I was thus engaged my com-
panion, having been attracted by the
‘eat-like cries of the Spurred Towhee,
ssearched in the dense mass of ferns,
leaves and grass that carpeted the bot-
tom ‘of the ravine for some depth, and
formed a nest containing five eggs. A
‘second Towhee was flushed in the same
vicinity and we began to search for its
mest. Wecould not find the nest and
‘were about to discontinue our search
‘when a California Patridge arose from
‘between us and fluttered away in a per-

‘turbed manner. So dense was the veg-
‘atation that it required a lengthy search
to find the nest, but our eyes sparkled

when we finally glanced into the nest,

fairly lined with the speckled beauties,
mineteen in all. Barn Owls were num-
‘erous, but we found none of their nests.
-Parkman’s Wrens were noticed in con-
‘siderable numbers and several of their
nests observed. Now and then the buzz
of a Hummingbird was heard as the
little fairy darted about in the passive
shade. Several of their nests were
found but no eggs secured:

We were now nearing the limits of
Yavine and, as the hour was late, we
concluded to make our way homeward.
About a mile from the ravine we added
to our well filled boxes a set of four eggs
of the California Woodpecker.

The day was rapidly drawing taa
evlose; the shadows stretched their

lengthening forms across the valley’s,
and from the distant tile-roofed mission
reposing serenely at the foot of the’ cir-
cumjacent hills, came the faint mur-
mur of the evening chimes. When,
tired and hungry, we reached the city
night was at hand, naught but the last
rays of the sinking sun flickered in the
Western skies. A quiet peace prevad-
ed the land, while from the neighbor-
ing copse rose the thrashers song, the
last requiem for the parting day.

H. C. LIn1igz,

Santa Barbara, Cal.

Kggs of Sharpe's Seed-eater.

As the eggs of Sporophila morelleti
sharpet were unknown until a very re-
cent date, and I believe are desoribed
in none of the works on oology, a des-
cription of a set of these in my collec-
tion taken with the nest at Brownsville,
Texas, May, 20 1891, and positively
identified, may be of interest to the
readers of the OOLOGIST.

Their ground color is a light bluish-
green, which is more or less spotted and
blotched over the entire surface with
dull brown, more numerous toward the
larger end. Two of the eggs are also
marked on the larger end with very
dark brown (almost approaching black-
ish) spots and blotches. They measure
.64 x .62, .65 x .51, .66 x .52.

The nest was situated in a small
bush in open wood and near a running
stream. Itis rather a frail structure,
yet well-cupped, and measures outside,

12 inches high and 22 inches in diame-

ter; while inside it measures 14 inches
in depth and 14 inches in width. It is
composed of a small yellowish root,
round grass stems, weeds and a little
Spanish moss, woven through with
horse hair.

The eggs, I believe, are known to be
contained in only twelve collections.

H. C. Hieerns,
Cincinnatus, N. Y.

THE OOLOGIST.

203

THE OOLOGIST

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How I Obtained an Oriole’s Nest.

About May 27th, I chanced to find an
Oriole’s nest in an oak tree some thirty
feet from the ground. Oriole’s eggs
being somewhat scarce in this county I
thought of all possible means by which
the nest might be obtained,

Finally I thought of a-plan that was
worked successfully with a Humming-
bird’s nest.

Taking a pole that would just sup-
port the nest by resting it on the
ground, I drove two nails in the end
for the twigs to rest in which held the
nest.

Then planting it firmly on the ground,
making sure the limb was supported by
the end of the pole, I took a 22-cal. rifle
and shot the limb off just above the
place resting on the pole, and by some

means the limb fastened itself around
the pole and came sliding down. [
caught it when it was ‘‘catchable,’’ and
on inspection I found it to contain three
finely marked fresh eggs, not one of
which had been broken.

The nest was sensibly built contain-
ing chicken feathers with the sharp
ends stuck through to the out side,mak-
ing a safe resting place fur the Oriole’s
Jr.

GEO. Mims,
Edgefield, S. C.

Shall We Have a General Association of
Scientists ?

Organization is the;rule to-day among
all vocations but that of the scientist.

To-day there is not a single general
association of scientists, founded upon
sufficiently liberal principals to enable
it to do effeetive work, for,,our profes-
sion as an entity.

We are scattered abroad far and wide
throughout the land, and have no facili-
ties for becoming acquainted and can-
not resist the attacks of our common
enemies, who are thoroughly organized.
Have scientists enemies? Certainly
they have. Take the scientific profes-
sion as an entity, and you cannot find a
profession accomplishing more for the
general good of humanity, or one upon
which mankind in general, are more de-
pendent. And yet everywhere we meet
only blind bigotry and intolerance, a
relic of the barbarous age of the past,
when the scientist was considered a ma-
gician in league with devils, hence to be
persecuted, tortured and put to death.
To-day scientists are considered van-
dals, cranks, fools, fanatics, ete., butts
of ridicule for the ignoramous. —

And this same spirit of intolerance
and persecution has pervaded all our
legislative halls, and left its imprint on
all our statute books.

In Michigan this is especially the case.
No scientist working inany department

204

THE OOLOGIST.

——_—_—$—$————$— eee

is safe in doing the work legitimately ,

belonging to his profession.

sequent meetings? Someone asks, why
is a general organization desirable?

The Gevlogist, Botanist, Ornitholo-| For the reason there is really but one

gist, Ichthyologist,or Mammalogist finds |

himself confronted on every hand by
laws which, were a complaint made,
would subject him to severe penalties.
The Icthyologist makes himself a law-
breaker if he preserves a specimen of a
fish. The law distinctly says that no
minnows or small fish fry shall be taken

for any purpose except for bait, and

makes the possession of a fish scale, fish
tail, or a fish’s fin, prima facia evidence
of a violation of law. © Woe unto. the
Biologist who attempts to make any in-
vestigations.

The Ornithologist only is recognized
and he only is insulted and treated as a
vandal. He must get a special permit
for each month to take two of each spe-
cies in one county only and only of such
species as are named in his application.
A fine of $5 is imposed for every bird’s
egg collected, and no permits issued.

A Botanist may be arrested and pun-
ished for any specimen of plant he muy
dig up. The Geologist for any speci-
men he may collect.

That there should be some laws pro-
tecting birds, fish, game, etc., is plainly
proper, but the scientist is not: the van-
dal that calls for these laws. It is the
professional sport, the small boy, the
vandal who kills the small birds to ob-
tain their skins to ornament some so-
called lady’s head, that need to be reg-
ulated. Some scientists may be wan-
tonly destructive, what vocation has no
black sheep? these should also be re-
strained. But itis an outrage, and in-
sult, that no other vocation would bear
to be treated as the Michigan statue
books treat us.

Shall we as Scientists continue to
tamely submit to such treatment? Is it
not evident that we must combine for
mutual protection? And, what voca-
tion is not benefited, enlightened, and
advanced by an organization, and con-

great broad field of science comprising
to be sure of several departments, each
department having its own special
corps of workers, and yet all these de-~
partments are mutually related and
workers in each department have mu-
tual interests with those of every other:
department.

Besides there are generalists among
scientists, Linneus, Agassiz, Darwin,
Baird, et al, were generalists, notably
Linneus, who left his imprint upon
every department of Botany and Zoolo-
ogy, one cannot glance over works in
these branches without profound aston~
ishment at the vast amount of work ac~
complishhd by thess workers, as evi-
denced by the vast numbers of species
that he named in both the animal and
vegetable kingdoms. Darwin worked
in the same fields, Agassiz and Baird
left their imprint upon all branches of
Zoology.

No worker in any branch of the vast
field of science can proceed far without
finding golden chains binding all bran-
ches of science together. Then why not
a general organization for mutual pro-~
tection, improvement, and advance-
ment.

Four classes of labors should be re-
cognized in such an organization,—the
professional, the amateur, the student,
and the friend of science. Each should
be duly noticed and encouraged. Suit-
able fields for work may be found for
each of these classes, bigotry and intol.
erance should be frowned upon.

There should be national, state and
local organizations, and national, state
and local meetings. Each organization
should own and control a museum and
library. Scientific expeditions should
be fitted out. Annual encampments in
localities specially fitted for field work
and others practical work, should not,
be neglected.

THE OOLOGIST.

205

In this organization let us have no
discrimination regarding sex, race or
color.

But let us have one great brother-
‘hood,—remembering that we all belong
to the great Brotherhood of man.

And let us each remember that we as
scientific investigators are but students
of the great book of the works of God,
the great Creator of all things, and we
but His children. What we now need
most to bring about such an organiza-
tion is enthusiasm and earnest work.

It can be done. Let us go at it, Fel-
low-workers in the field of science! We
are brothers! Let us recognize our re-
Jationship and combine together that
we may protect ourselves and build
‘each other up, as well do more to en-
lighten our fellow men. Let us hear
from all.

WILFRED A. BROTHERTON,
Rochester, Mich.

A Trip to Cobb’s Island.

May 19, 1891.

Arrived atthe island this afternoon.
‘On the way out from the mainland stop-
ped in New Marsh for the afternoon
shooting, which we found to be very
poor.

Sawa good many Curlew, but they
would not decoy. Killed two Gray-
ack, seventeen Turnstone,three Black-
bellied Plover, one Greater-Yellow legs,
ten Red-backed Saudpiper and a lot of
smaller fry.

May 20th. . This morning I walked up
the beach about two miles, and put out
‘decoys on edge of surf. Bagged a pair
of Black-bellied Plover and four Turn-
stones, when I had to pack up and
make tracks for home on account of a
heavy thunder storm. Saw a great
many American Oyster-catchers near
the upper end of Island, but did not
have time to look for their nest then.

May 21st. Left Cobb’s early this
morning and sailed down to Smith’s Is-
land after Great Blue Heron. On the

way down we passed Mockhorn Island,
where there were hundreds of Willet
breeding.

Saw a great many Curlew, and about
a dozen Cormorant.

At Smith’s Island there is a large
heronry of the Great Blues, but all the
nests were in tall dead pines, which (as
we had no “irons” with us,) we were
unable to climb.

There were also a great many Fish
Hawks’ nests on the island.

-May 22d. As this was to be my last
day on the island, and the men had re-
ported a few Robin Snipe as having
been seen, I took my gun and a dozen
tin decoys and walked up the beach.

About a mile up, I stooled out on the
edge of the surf, and in a very short
time had nineteen fine’ plump Robin
Snipe inside my blind.

Along with these I bagged about two
dozen Plover and smaller birds. After
putting up my decoys and game, I walk-
home through the marsh, and filled my
hat with Clapper Rails eggs.

During my whole trip I saw very few
Terns or Gulls ofany kind. Also found
Yellow Legs very scarce.

One peculiarity about the island, and
a very good one, is the total absence of
the English Sparrow. _

Win. H. FISHER,
Balto, Md.

One of Indiana’s New Laws.

The Ornithologist has won and is hap-
py. Indiana has at last got a law that
ifthe birds could read, would make
them feel very secure. I thought that
perhaps the readers of the OOLOGIST
would like to hear this law and find
how they can get a permit. The follow-
ing is the law in full:

Section 1. Beit enacted by the General As-
sembly of the State of Indiana, That it shall be
unlawtul for any person to kill any wild bird
other than a game bird or purchase, offer for
sale any such wild bird after it has been killed,
or to destroy the nest or eggs of any wild bird,

Sec. 2 For the purpose of this act the follow-
ing shall be considered game birds: the Anati-
dae, commonly called swans, geese, brant, and
river and sea ducks; the Rallidae, commonly

206

THE OOLOGIST.

Ce aan Te LTR

known rails. coots,mud-hens and gallinales:
the Limicolae commonly known as shore birds.
plovers. surf birds, snipe, woodcock and sand
pipers. tattlers and curlews: the Gallinae com-
monly known as wild turkeys, grouse. prairie
chickens. quail, and pheasants. all of which are
not intended to be affected by this act.

Sec. 3 Any person violating the provisions
of Section 1 of this act shall upon conviction be
fined in a sum not less than ten nor more than
fifty dollars to which may be added imprison-
ment for not less than five days nor more than
thirty days.

See. 4 Sections 1 and 2of this act Shall not
apply to any person holding a permit giving
the right to take birds or their nests and eggs
for scientific purposes, as provided in Section 5
of this act.

Sec. 5 Permits may be granted by the Exeu-
tive Board of the Indiana Academy of Science
to any properly accredited person permiting
the holder thereof to collect birds. their nests
or eggs for strickly scientific purposes. In or-
der to obtain such a permit the applicant for
the same must present to said Board written
testimonials from two well-known naturalists
certifying to the good character and fitness of
said applicant to be intrusted with such a privi-
lege and pay to said Board one dollar to defray
the necessary expense attending the granting
of such permit. and must file with said Board a
properly executed bond in the sum of two hun-
dred dollars. signed bv at least two responsible
citizens of the state as’sureties. The bond shall
be forfeited to the state and the permit become
void upon proof that the holder of such permit
-has killed any bird or taken the nests or eggs
of any bird for any other purpose than that
named in this section and shall further be sub-
sect for such offense to the penalties provided
in this act.

Sec. 6. The permits authorized by this act
shall be in force for two vears only from the
date of their issue and shall not be transfer-
able.

Sec. 7. The English or European house spar
row (passer domesticus). crows, hawks and
other birds of prey are not included among the
birds protected by this act.

Sec. 8. Allacts or parts of acts heretofore
passed in conflict with the provisions of this act
are hereby repealed.

Sec. 9. An emergency is delared to exist for
the immediate taking effect of this act, there-
fore the same shall be in force and effect from
and after its passage.

You see that the birds of Indianaare
‘pretty well protected if the law is car-
ried out but it seems as though people
don’t care whether it is or not, for they
will tet boys and men go shooting Night
hawks, (commonly known as bull bats),
as if there were no laws to protect them
I have a report indirectly from Colum-
bus that they were being killed by scores
and just for pleasure at that. It is also
reported that they are wantonly killed
here in Indianapolis. Now what is the
use of having a law if it can’t be upheld
and I think every bird loving person
should rise up and uphold this law

which is complete in every detail, It
would be very interesting to the readers
of the OoLoeistT I should think to have
the laws of every state published that is
those laws that concern the protection
of our native birds so let us near from
others on this subject.
H. A. HEss.

Bird-Nesting in North-west Canada.

Finely Illustrated with Photo-Engrav-
ings and Colored Plates.

Price, $2.00. To subscribers ordering
before October 30th, $1.25.

The above book. gives an account of.a

collecting trip to the North-west. It
describes in an interesting manner the
experience of the writer and his collec:
tors in a region which might be called
the Ornithologist’s Paradise. The
country explored stretches from Win-
nipeg to within sight of the Rocky
Mountains, a distance of nearly one
thousand miles, and, as might be ex-
pected in such a wide tract of country,
many rare birds were found breeding.
It gives a full account of the nesting
habits of such birds as Canada Goose,
Baldpate, Buffle-headed Duck, Canvas:
hack, Little Brown Crane, Yellowlegs,
Wilson’s Phalarope and Snipe, Avocet,
Buff-breasted Sandpiper, White Pelican,
American Goshawk, Hawk Owl, Rusty
Grackle, McCown’s Lonspur, Chestnut-
colored Longspur, Pigeon Hawk, Bon-
aparte’s Gull and other rare species.
It also contains plates of many of the
above birds’ nests and eggs; and also
gives colored plates of eggs of Yellow-
legs, Wilson’s Pnalarope, Knot, etc._
The eggs of the Knot have never pre-
viously been figured in any ornitholo-
gical work.
This book will be found interesting
reading to British as well a American
Ornithologists, as it describes the nests
and eggs of many species which occur
in Europe as occasional visitors.

The price to subscribers ordering be-
fore October 30th will be $1.25: to Brit-
ish Ornithologists 5 shillings. The ill-
ustrations are worth the money.

Send in your order at once as only a
ee number of copies will be print-
ed.

The above is a portion of a circular
received from Mr- Walter Raine, the
well-known Canadian Oologist, of Tor:

THE OOLOGIST.

207

a

onto. The readers of the OoLoGIsT de-
siring a valuable addition to their libra-
ry will wisely procure Mr. R.’s work,
or at any rate send for complete circu-
lar announcement.

American Microscopical Society.

We have before us a ‘“‘special circu-
lar’’ briefly outlining the fourteenth
annual meeting of the above Society—
at Washington, on Aug 11-14.

In conclusion this circular says:

O ‘It is hoped that all members will
use their best endeavors to make the
aims and purpose of the American Mi-
croscopical Society known to those of
their friends or acquaintances who do
or should take an interest in microsco-
pical study or investigation, and to in-
duce them to join. ‘The dues are so
small, and so much is to be gained by
association in such science, that we
should have on our role, every one in
the United States, who uses a micros-
cope. By asmall effort on the part of
each member, a large accession of new
members can be obtained at the next
ee

It is difficult for the secretary of the
Society to find out in our great coun-
try, the names of all those, so numer-
ous, who are interested in the micros-
cope, and who would be likely to be-
come members of the society, if its
character and work are made kaown to
them. Itis therefore particularly de-
sired, that every one who knows and is
favorably disposed toward the society,
will make known to the secretary. the
name and address of any who may be
induced to become members, so that
the secretary can send them the circu-
lars, etc., published from time to time
by the society, and that they may in
this way become acquainted with it and
be induced to join it.

Blank applications for membership
may be obtained by addressing the sec-
retary Dr. W. H. Seaman, 1424 11th St.,
Washington, D. C.”

Fremde Hier im Nest.
(Another Bird's Eggs in the Nest.)
The above is the title of an unique
work recently published by Dr. Paul
Leverkuhn, C.M. A. O.U.,C.M. Z.S.,

etc., of Munich, and offered to Ameri-.
can collectors through his agent, Mr.
A. E.Pettit, Box 2060, New York. The
volume contains 212 pages bound in pa-
per and as the heading suggests, is,
printed in German, price prepaid, $2.

This work is not a money making
scheme and the Dr. desires to sell copies
only sufficient to pay actual expense of
publishing, and only one hundred
copies have been alotted American Or-
nithologists. We especially recommend
the work to our German patrons and
to our many bird-loving readers who,
are or have been students of «the
German language. A German friend
kindly reviews the work: for us as fol-
lows:

The author, well-known in Germany
as an Ornithologist, discusses what is to
us a somewhat novel ornithological sub-.
ject: The behavior of parent birds ag-

ainst eggs not deposited by themselves,
in their nest, but introduced by other
birds of the same species or another
one, orby men. He gives a mass of de-
tails under each head of the four divi-
sions, into which he divides his theme.
and he takes many from the American
iterature, which he knows in a sur-
prising manner. All little journals are
earched and investigated. Our broth-
er ornithologists in Europe spent the
highest pride and acknowledgement to,
the work so to the Edinburgh News-
paper the ‘‘Scotsman” writes in his re-
view of books:

“Mr. Paul Leverkuhn has studied the
matter with a care that goes to the
ground of it and seems to leave nothing
to be done by a successor.”

Similal criticisms appeared in the
Ibis, Zool. Gard., Ornith. Monthly, Na-
ture, Feathered World, Helios and
many other periodicals. We recom-
mend the handy volume, printed in
large Cicero type on good paper to
all our readers.

READ THIS.

When suffering from Malaria or Bil-
ious Fever, don’t wreck your general
health with quinine or other nauseous.
drugs. Humphreys’ Specifics Nos. Ten
and Sixteen effect a speedy and perma-
nent cure.

FOR THE HOLIDAYS

Put in a Curiosity Counter?

Don’t you think it would pay you to obtain a stock of, say, any-

where from $10. to $100. worth of Bazaar Goods, Shells, Agates and
Curios to add a variety to your present collection, and put in a curiosi-
ty counter in your store for the Holiday trade? If you have not a
store, place the counter in the store of your father, uncle, cousin, friend
or anywhere you can obtain a suitable location and make advantageous
arrangements.

Such a display would prove the biggest “crowd catcher” in town
and from that stand-point alone would more than pay any merchant
for the space occupied.

There's $ $ In ttl

In a good location, with a suitable display your curio counter
would bring in from $100 to $1000 during the season, upon which
there would be a GOOD BIG PROFIT.

Now [I have lots or just such material on hand left from my Chau-
tauqua and Exposition trade, rather than carry this surplus over for
another season will sell at very low rates, if you cannot personally make
your selections, but will send me the amount you wish to invest and
give me an inkling of about what you want I will personally and judi-
ciously make a selection for you that I will guarantee to give you big
satisfaction in every particular and will make the prices to you lower
than you could possibly duplicate elsewhere.

Remember I also carry a full line of Agate, Spar, Pyrites and
Shell Jewelry and Novelties. Write what you want.

PRANK: H, LAT TIN,

ALBION, N. Y.

r
4

te
f

f THE STANDARD DIRECTORY FOR '91

Is now ready for delivery. It contains the
names and addresses of the principal Ornitho-
logists and Oologists of North America, etc.,
50 pages. printed on good book paper and bound
in heavy antique covers.

Price Post-paid 25 cents.

BULLETIN PRINTING CO.,
Gilman, Ills.

WE DESIRE TO ANNOUNCE,

That our office is now fully equipped with
new type of the latest styles, new presses and
new stock, and that we are prepared to furnish

JOB PRINTING

of any description, neatly and promptly execut-
ed at reasonable rates. When you need any-
thing in our line, it will only cost you a 2-cent
stamp for our estimates and samples of our
work. Address,

The Bulletin Printing Co,
(Succesors to W. A. Crooks & Co.,)
GILMAN, - -

Tis.

I WANT AT ONCE INDIAN RELICS,—
MOUND BUILDERS OR MODERN—WILL
PAY CASH OR GIVE GOOD EXCHANGE.
WRITH WHAT YOU HAVE QUOTING
PRICES—WHICH MUST NOT BE FANCY,
AND STATE WHATIS WANTED. FRANK
H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.

IRD CUTS.

An illustrated price-list of Electrotypes of
Birds sent free: Just the thing to use on your

letter heads, circulars, etc. Engraving to or-
der. H. A. CARHART, Syracuse, N. Y.

: THE DISABILITY BILL IS A LAW. S
Soldiers disabled since the war are entitled

Dependent widows and parents now depen-
dent, whose sons died from effects of army ser-
vice are included. If you wish your claim
Speedily and successfully prosecuted, address,

JAMES TANNER,

Washington. D. C.

PATENTS

For INVENTORS. 40-page BOOK FREE. Address

Late Com’r of Pensions,

THE OOLOGIST. —

_ MOUND BUILDER RELICS.
Big bargains. List for stamp.
WM. M. BAKER, - FORTVILLE. IND.

BOYS AND GIRIS

IN CANADA

Are making from $2 to $6 per week by
selling to their acquaintances our large
Photo Engraving of iY Eide

Niagara Falls.

Send 18 cts. in stamps for sample and
instructions. Hvery News Agent and
Stationer should handle these pictures.’
150 per cent profit. Address

SUN LITHO. CO., ~
68 Hayden St., Toronto, Canada

Hig Collectors, Attention !

SEND STAMP TO
W.A.OLDFIELD, Port Sanilac, Mich.
FOR CATALOGUE OF

North American Bird's Fggs,
fet ws i ite y oh Ss
We will POSTER Bain TEE

youto personally receivé 5uU0 Same
ples, Books, Letters, Papers, Magse

Guaranteed American Directory,
which goes Whirling ALLOVER the
4 WORLD. The entire lot, Postpaid to
# Wi You, for 20 cts... FREE FROM ALL

mEURTHER EXPENSE. Send to-day.
Wereply by return mail. Address,

AMERICAN DIRECTORY Co.
SS No.50 BUFFALO,N.Y.

GHUMPHRE ZS’

HOMEOPATHIC

SPECIFIC No.0

In use 30 years. ‘The only successful remedy for

Nervous Debility, Vital Weakness,

and Prostration, from’ over-work or other causes.
$1 per vial, or 5 vials and large vial powder, for $5.
SOLD BY DRUGGISTs, or sent postpaid on receipt

of price.—HUMPHREYS’ MEDICINE CO.,
business and address, for 40c., postpaid.

Cor. William and John Sts., N. ¥.
; FIN PRINTE Envelopes, white or
colored, with name,
Cards and Letter Heads at same price.
100 each for only $1. ¥ Agents wanted. Big

~W.T.Fitzgerald,Attorney at Law, WashingtonD.c. | pay. Outfitic. A. M.EDDY, Albion,N.Y.

88 TO 92 KUGLID AVK., GLRVALAND, O.

: The Greatest Business University in America; over 1800 students attended last year, more
_ than twice as large an attendance as all other business collegesin CleveJand combined ;more than —
1000 students who attended last yeay are now holding good positions. The Euclid Ave. Business —
College employs a corps of 40 men, nearly one-half of whom have formerly been college presi-
dents. With such a faculty is it any wonder that its graduates are sought by business men.
183 Graduates received diplomas at our last graduating exercises; of that number 175 were hold-
ing good positions within 30 days from that date. Nearly 300 will receive diplomas at our next
annual commencement. Send for circulars or call at the main office, {0 Euclid Ave. Telephone

No. 536. M. J. CATON, Pres. : j B

N. B.—We have branch colleges in Buffa:o. N. Y., and Detroit, Mich. Scholarships good in

any of the colleges belonging to the Caton system. ; ; ‘

R APERD DS ees yan live et j 0 0 $1 00
spa arta etananl Croegteats, Lemon ct 40 VARIETIES OF STAMPS is

: KIT ATKINSON, Dime Box, Texas. Duplicates can be returned.

A STEVENS 22-cal. rifle in fi ndition, for AN UNUSUAL OFFER ©
$9 cost $18. EDWIN WEBB. 611 ©. Bront Ste W. FEF. GRRANY,

pacomne won, Al. 927 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL.

O ALL INTERESTED IN SCIENTIFIC| C®talogue for stamp.

ae ae ce, wel all interested i any
braneh of science please send me their address? ; : bs
Shall we not have a general association of Sci- FOSSI 10 Species, 35¢; 20 for 75e; 25 for $1.90;
entists for protiction and mutual advaneement, , 00 for $3.00; 7 for $8.00, Til. List.
to include professionals, ameteurs and stu-| Ayr FRANK KINNE, Knoxville, Iowa.
dents of.science aS well as friends of science?
WILFRED A. BROTHERTON, (Rochester,

Mich. ;
WM. G. SMITH,
GEO. F, GUELF, —COLLECTOR OF—
Practical Taxidermist, Brockport, N.Y. Birds, Mammals and Esss,
Dealer in Bird Skins, Eggs, Mounted Birds, LOVELAND, COLORADO.

and Curiosities. Send for price lists. Taxider- imake a specialty of mailing birds same day
my executed in all its branches. Work the fin-| as skinned, or sent in the flesh after subjecting
est prices the lowest.’ Can furnish (mounted to| them toa preservative preparation. Enclose
order) gay bird obtainable. Correspondence | stamp for Price List.

solicited.

OUR SOUTHERN HOME

Is the Name of a 40-page Monthly Magazine

Published at Mount Holly, North Carolina.
Alj persons wishing to learn all about North
Carolina, her unlimited resourses, unrivaled
climate, and unparalleled inducements offered
new settlers, also a full history of her flowers,
birds and natural cu™iosities, Should send 5 one-
cent postage stamps for copy of OUR SOUTH-
ERN HOME and receive also our little book
entitled ‘The Grape, Fruit and Trucking in-
dustry of North Carolina. Address, M. H.
PRIDE, Mount Holly, North Carolina.

EAUTIFUL Michigan Wild Flowers. Some EV 3 RY WHE RE

ordered of me by Columbian Exposition aay pai ee RE
Authorities. Three catalogues, each free. No. MADE. BY
1. descriptive Retail list, No. 2, Wholesale trade
list, No. 3, Carp Pond list.

TueMaruinFireArmsCo
Wilfred . Brotherton, | NEW HAVE uf

ROCHESTER, MICH.

5

Monthly.

Exchanges and Wants.

special anncuncements, “‘Wants,” ‘“Ex-
s”? inserted in this department for 25c
Ww Notices over 25 words, charged
e rate of one-half cent per word. No
‘inserted for less than 25c. Notices
are merely indirect methods of soliciting
| purchasers cannot be admitted to these
mns under any circumstznces. Terms,
Sh with order. =~

TO EXCHANGE.—1I have first and second-
class eggs in singles or in sets to exchange for
same. RALPH MATTESON, 114 North St.,
lesburg, sR pears ,

TO EXCHANGE.—Minnie Balls of the late
.old bank checks etc,. for Relics, Curios,
ms, Confederate Stamps.Fossils etc. EWIN
DAYI1S, Tullahoma, Tenn.

_EMBALMING! The only life-like way of

monnting birds. I will send full receipt for

“eyery 2hc worth of eggs sent. ARTHUR J. BA-
, Fortyille, Ind. — ‘

a FOR SALG.—A collection of postage stamps,
ae nnrising 240 varieties in Scott’s $1.50 album

$10.. Write for particulars- All letters ans-
CLARK IJAMS, Cheyenne, Wyo.

AVE fine full sets of Coot’s. Gallinules,

eS and Bitteins to exchange for eggs,skins

ells and minerals. Also have sixty species of

d and fresh water shells to exchange. Dr.
S. STRODE, Bernadotte, Ill.

NTED.—Coliection of desirable eggs, as
any as you have. Send list of eggs. also
state what you want. G. W. ERWIN, Box 243,
Giddings, Texas. ©

'O EXCHANGE. — Snowy Heron 4-4, 5-3,
rf Cowbird, 8-1, Fla. Grackle 2-3, 2-4, Mock-
ird 2-3. 5-1, and other sets with data, for
with data. JESSE MILLER, 184 Dallas
Houston, Texas.

_ ATELEGRAPH KEY and sounder, an old
‘ S powder and ball: Revolver; and single
S of Clapper Rail. in exchange for Indian
¥elics. J. HARMANUS FISHER. Jr., 16 South
-, Baltimore,Md.

EXCHANGE for book on Ornithology, or

dermists’ Tools, the following first-class

ts with data: 5sets 431 1%, nest, 2 sets 420a 4
dress, TOM STANLEY, Cuyamaca, Calif.

TO EXCHANGE.—An International Stamp
Album, ($3.50) ninth edition, almost new, with

St., Brooklyn, N. Y.

_ ALBION, N. Y., NOV., 1891.

Sa
evalesaieas aaaer :

té PER,
50c. per Year. ;

aS y

No. 11 )

TO EXCHANGE.—400 Tobacco Tags, 140 cig-
arette pictures, 30.5¢ novels, to exchange for
best offers in Indian Relics, Address, L. M, —
DRESSER, P. O, Box 151, Georgetown, Mass.

TTT I
_WANTED.—Live Squirrels of all kinds, will

ive first-class eggs or cash. R. H.- THOMP- ays

ON, 1109 St. Paul St., Baltimore, Md.

WANTED.—A first-class side-blown egg of
White Falcon. Will pay cash for same, any
erson haying above for sale address, E, B.
CHRAGE, Pontiac, Mich. ;

WANTED to exchange*a live Horned Owl,

perfectly gentle; for eggs, sets or singles,climb-

ers or Taxidermists’ tools. All inquiries ans-
wered. T. KHYWORTH, Entomologist, Mar-.
issa, Ills. A oak

FOR EXCHANGE.—Hartz Mountain Cana-
ries, Parroquets and other land birds. Parrot
and other cages, for first classoSea Shells. Co-
rals, Curios, Bird Skins and Eggs. C!F.CARR,
Madison, Wis. -

WANTED.—Ornithological magazines and
works, and a pair of climbers. Will give Gold- —
en Days and other papers and 100 Stamps. —
RALPH H, ROCK WOOD, Waterville, Maine.

SONAR Tg Ca eNO MR ONMRERE pee aE NG ANT, aye
TO EXCHANGE.—I have a limited number

complete sets of the Wisconsin Naturalist

which I will mail to anyone sending me $1.00

worth of Birds’ Eggs, Skins, Curio, or Sea

Suels at list prices.. C. F. CARR, Madison,
is.

‘FOR EXCHANGH.—Carpenter Tools, Read-
ing Matter, Curios, Minerals, Woods, Shells,
Foreign Stamps, Books, SJob Printing, Cala.
Eggs. and others for Minerals, Fossils, Shells,
Type. Scientific Books and others. U. li
HERTZ, Napa City, Cala. d

TO EXCHANGE.—1 pair Roller Skates, an
Albino Sparrow, a Pheasant, Fox Squirrel,
Blue Heron. Chip Munk, and Navy Revolver.
GEORGE THORNTON, Alma, Mich.

WANTED.—Egeges, many common sets. as
well as rare ones; Have to offer in exchange,
sets of Osprey, Hawks,.Owls, Gulls, Herons,
Plovers, Warblers, rare sets and common, Min-
erals, Curiosities, Stamps. Send lists and re-
ceive mine in return. CHARLES E. DOB, 55
Comstock Ave., Provience, R. I. ‘

WANTED.—At once Coues’ Key last’ edition.
If in good conditlon will give in eXchange seven
sets of the Black-chinned Hummer or four sets
of Anna’s and four of the Black-chinned all

460 stamps valued at $19 for an egg cabinet. All | first-class sets of two eges each with datas and
ids answered. -F.G. HARGEST, 278 Hooper ' nests. M. L.

WICKS, Jr.,Cor 1st and Hill Sts.,

| Los Angeles! Cala.

————— rT
TO EXCHANGE. — First-class California’
_ eggs in sets and single swith data, also strapped

climbing irons. for eggs in sets, skins, fire arms |

etc. RAY L. WILBER, Riverside, Cala.

WANTED.—Fine Minerals, Crystals, Indian |
Curiosities, |

“Relics, Nat. History specimens,
etc. for same from Kans, Correspondence de-
sired. G. B. WELLS, Manahattan, Kans.

_ EXCHANGE. Animals in the meat, Eggs,
Naturalists, Supplies, Stamps and Philatelic,
papers for coins, eggs, Taxidermists Tools, In-
dian Relics, Books on Ornithology and Natural
History and live stock. R. L. WHEELER, 15
Varney St., Lowell. Mass.

I WILL give $5. worth of good sets for a pair
Cimbing Irons with straps. Lattin’s latest style
‘and ingood condition. FRED A. SCHNEIDER
College Park, Calif. 4

TO EXCHANGE. — First-class eggs
data: 12, 16, 29. 30a, 49, 108, 120c, 128b, A. O. U.
‘Want good 32 Cal. rifle, large Colt, or Smith &
Wesson revolver, large hunting knife and

tennis racket. E.R. ZION, Stanford Univer-

with

sity, Menlo Park, Cal.

TAXIDERMISTS! For every 25c worth of
eges sent me [ will mail a sample bottle of my
Tanning Liquid. which Ihave used exclusively
for years. Sample of work done in 12 hours
free, write for particulars, Address, Pisa 3S
Houseman, Box 361, London. Ont.

Sab SH A EMO eR a
HAVE a fine telescope. and cast of Gt. Auk,

to exchange for Coues’ Key, Ornithological

po ete. W. LOUCKS, 166 Ist Ave., Cedar
apids, Ia.

Sea tn ere ceeES
DETECTIVE CAMERA of some good make
-wanted. will give a bargain to the right party,
have to exchange rare western Bird Skins
(over 400), Washburn Guitar, value $22.00, or
ay part cash. ,GEO. G. CANTWELL, 105
Divers Peak ave., Colorado Springs, Colo.

FOR EXCHANGE.—A 20-bore gun with 100
shells and implements complete. Will ex-
change for $45 worth of first-class skins with
full data; or will sell for $24 cash. Only parties
having such need apply. BRAD A. SCUDDER
Highland St., Taunton, Mass.

UA UN sneer

LOOK.—I have a photographic apparatus
and outfit worth $60. Will sell for $30, or ex-
‘change for best offer of Rirds’ Eggs, Coins or
Indian Relics. V. MUELLER, 346 9th St. Mil-
waukee, Wis.

FOR EXCHANGH.—An advanced Taxider-
mists outfit containing the following: 2 pairs
pliers, one large and one. small, 1 Sealpel, 1
pair tweezers, 5 awls, 1 small mallet, 1 set
chains and hooks, 1 set 6 curved needles, and 2
taxidermists file: Will exchange for sets of
pirds eggs or perfect arrowheads. K. B.
MATHES, L. Box $ Albion, N. Y.

igre ilies phatase eevee

WANTED.—Double-barreled Breech-Loading
Shot Gun. 12 or 16 guage, will give the follow-
ing for a good gun: One 82 cal., double Action
Revolver, and the following eggs in sets with
data: American Barn Owl 144, Screech Owl 1-5
Burrowing Owl 1-9, Night Hawks 4, Chickadee
1-6, Marsh Hawk %, One American Bitnerk,Red
eyed Vireo % and 40 Common eggs. All letters
answered. ISADOR S. TROSTLER, 4828 Far-
nam St., Omaha, Neb.

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued. |.

East Orange, N. J.

WANTED.—The following sets, for which we _
will pay cash—if prices are moderate. Thesets —

must be ist class with authentic dates. showy ©

eggs, number in seta full average, and in all

respects desirable: A. O, U. Nos. 7, 182, 144, —
146, 159, 185, 224, 230, 235, 260, 271, 285. 289

Address M. S. HAINES, Box 11
Los Angeles, Cal. No postals.

310, 365, 494, 534, 674. Have about 40 varieties in Ss
sets if any one prefers an exchange—Iist class.
, Station C.,

TO EXCHANGE.— A solid gold enamelled ~

locket, has not been worn only two or three
times and is in perfect .condition. wholesale
price $5.00:For best offer of Minerals. polished
shells or Indian Relics. GEO. W. DIXON,
Watertown, S. D. 5h ;

WANTED.—Coues’ Key, Mineralogy. Eges.
Minerals, and Skins. A. O. U. 372, 379. 381, “405,
396. 264. 267. 34. Can offer Eggs, Skins. four
vols. Youth’s Companion. Taxidermy by Man-
ton. 300 Tobacco Tags. Printing Press, Adven-

tures by Henry M. Stauley (800 pages). Mount-

ed Coon for best offer of eggs or minerals. Let-

‘ters answered. NATHAN L. DAVIS, Box 224.

Brockport, N. Y.

Chestnut-bellied Scaled Quail.

We hav- just received a large series of very
fine sets of the above Species, ranging from 7
to 15 eggs to the set. until Jan Ist af supply
holds out) we wilfsell in sets at % usual prices.
or atthe low rate of only 2be per egg single
eges 30c each. Order early. FRANK H. LAT-
TIN, Albion, N. Y. © é

WM. G. SMITH,

—COLLECTOR OF—

Birds, Mammals and Egés, :

LOVELAND, COLORADO.

I make a specialty of mailing birds same day
as skinned, or sent in the flesh after subjecting
them to a preservative preparation. Enclose

stamp for Price List.
JAPANESE AND

TMPORTED INDIAN SILK WORM

For Seeds in Silk Culture. Different Species. —

EGGS

es

ber

4
i
-

Also the celebrated Madras Silk Cocoons, — ie

warranted to be raised successfully tm
this country. Directions given how to
raise them profitably. Prices low. —

PROF. CARL BRAUN,
NATURALIST, 2
Bangor, =. = eee

Maine —

28

THE OOLOGIST. — 213

FOR | HE FOnIDAYS.

WHY NOT

Put in a Curiosity Counter?

Don’t you think it would pay you to obtain a stock of, say, any-
‘where from $10. to $100. worth of Bazaar Goods, Shells, Agates and
‘Curios to add a variety to your present collection, and put j in a curiosi-
ty counter in your store for the Holiday trade? If you have not a
store, place the counter in the store of your father, uncle, cousin, friend
or any where you can obtain a suitable location and make advantageous
arrangements,

Such a display would prove the biggest “crowd catcher” in town
and from that stand-point Hone would more than pay any merchant.
for the space occupied.

There’s $ $ In It!

In a good location, with a suitable diaply Hout curio counter
‘would bring in from $100 to $1000 during ne season, upon which
there would be a GOOD BIG PROFIT.

Now I have lots or just such material on hand left from my Chau-
tauqua and Exposition trade, rather than carry this surplus over for
another season will sell at very low rates, if you cannot personally make ~
your selections, but will send me the amount you wish to invest and
give me an inkling of about what you want I will personally and judi-
ciously make a selection for you that I will guarantee to give you big
satisfaction in every particular and will make the pace to you lower
than you could possibly duplicate elsewhere.

Remember I also carry a full line of Agate, Spar, Pyrites and
Shell Jewelry and Novelties. Write what you want.

mRANK HH. LAT TIN,

ALBION,.N. Y.

214 - -. ‘THE OOLOGIST.

THANKSGIVING OFFERS

FOR $1.00.

I will ahs you $1.00 worth of eggs or 75c worth of anything I
advertise, and the OoLogistT, with coupons, one year.

FOR $2.00.

I will send you $2.00 worth of Birds’ Eggs, or $1.50 worth OF any-
thing I advertise and a copy of Davie’s “Nests and Eggs of North
American Birds.” $1.25 edition.

FOR $3.00.

I will send you $3.00 worth of Bird’s Eggs or $2.00 worth of any-
thing I advertise, and a copy of Davie’s ‘‘Nests and Eggs of North
American Birds.” $1.75 edition.

FOR $5.00.
I will send you $5.00 worth of Eggs or $4.00 of anything I adver-
tise, and a copy of Langille’s “Our Birds in their Haunts.” $3.00:
Edition.

FOR $10.00

T will send you $10.00 worth of Eggs or $6.00 worth of anything I
advertise, and a copy of Ridgway’s “Manual of North American Birds” —
$7.50 edition.

FOR $15.00.

I will send you $15.00 worth of Eggs or $10.00 worth of anything
I advertise and a copy of Maynard’s “Birds of Hastern North Amer-
ica.” Publisher's price $18.00.

IMPORTANT! Books and Eggs will be sent prepaid, other —

articles as: per conditions in catalogue. In all offers Eggs or articles are
of your own selection. Eggs may be either singles or sets.

THE ABOVE OFFERS WILL HOLD GOOD UNTIL DEC.
Ast, 1891. Address plainly,

PRANK fH. LAGAIN, - Abia ie

=THE ¢ OOLOGIST ss

VOL. Vill niga alts

ALBION, N. Y., NOV., 1891.

No. 11

The Great Carolina Wren.

The half has not been told of these
pleasing little birds. Here, they are
with us all the year; and every day we
are delighted with their sweet song
from the time the first streaks of morn-
ing light begins to appear in the East,
until approaching darkness compels
them to seek shelter for the night.

They are hardy little fellows, endur-
ing the winters of the Middle States.
They may recede from their more north-
ern abodes, yet they are as common in
winter as in summer, at least from
Maryland southward. There they are
said to be common at all seasons,
though never in great abundance. Here
they are more plentiful than any other
of the Wren family.

We have the Bewicks, Winter and
House Wrens, but none of them are
very plentiful. The Carolina Wren
frequents shrubery and undergrowth
of all sorts, where it is oftener heard
than seen. Not that it is at all a timid
bird, for it often comes about the gar-
den and out-houses, and will frequently
take up its abode in an unoccupied
dwelling house, if it can find an open
or a crevice of any kind that it can pos-
sibly get through. When we came
home from the North, last Spring, a

pair had taken up their abode in our

kitchen, placing their nest over a win-
dow. The previous spring they they
came in and started their nest on a
mantle in one of the rooms, but that
did not seem to suit their fancy, so they
changed it to a shelf in one corner
when they completed their nest and de-
posited five little speckled eggs which
now grace our cabinet. They are so
capricious in the matter of a nesting
plate, that one can hardly say what
their preference is, if indeed, they have

any choice. They will build in any odd
nook or cranny— entering out-houses
through a knot hole or between loose
boards like the House Wren; taking a
hollow stump or tree; settling in the
midst of a thick bush or in a piece of
bark curled upon a fence rail; any-
where in fact, that offers a snug retreat
Neither are they particular as to the
kind of material of which to build their
nests, which is rather bulky structure
composed of fibrious roots, leaves, grass
in fact, any trash they can find conven-
ient. It is more or less shaped like a
ball, with a side entrance. In this they
lay five or six eggs, and by the time the
little ones are ready to leave the nest,
they have grown ’till the little home is
completely full. After they leave the
nest, the parents keep them about them
for a few days, during which time they
are in a state of perpetual panic, show-
ing their intense worry in redoubled
restlessness. If we attempt to approach
the nest, the bird slips quietly off and
hurries away with a low fluttering near
the ground, or scrabling and hopping
from one bush to another, invariably
mocking us with it rollicking song as
soon as it feels sure it has lured us
away from its nest. It shows however
the restlessness and prying curiosity of
of its tribe, and if we keep stilla few
minutes, it will return to take a sly
look at us, peering from among the
leaves with an inquisitive air, and per-
forming odd nervous antics, as if it were
possessed with the very spirit of un-
rest. When disturbed it chatters in a
harsh tone,as if resenting the intrusion.
This is its ordinary note when angry,
alarmed, or in any way distressed. Its
song is quited a different thing—loud,
clear and highly musical. TI scarcely
know of a bird that possesses a richer
voice. It also has the power of mock-

216

THE OOLOGIST.

ing the other songsters, which it does
with great energy and accent.
Mrs. LILuig PLEAS,
Clinton, Ark.

A Timely Letter.

Editor Oologist:—A young advertiser
in your columns recently sent me a
mixed lot of Tern eggs, marked with
ink, most of the holes+ inch in diame-
ter; most of the holes chipped, and data
partial and imperfect) I notified
sender to forward postage for their re-
turn. They are still on my hands.
The joke of it is that the young gentle-
men wanted once-and-a-half their value
in nice specimens.

Another advertiser to whom I sent
for a series of E.S. eggs forwarded fif-
teen specimens, nicely selected, indeed,
but with the holes in most of them at
‘least as large, by actual measure, as the
holes in the Murre eggs which I sent
him in exchange. [remonstrated with
the following reply. ‘I know the holes
were large, but that doesn’t hinder the
eggs being first-class.” Now will you
kindly say to this young person, and to
all his genius, that with a large class of

careful and fastidious collectors it does
‘make a difference, a great deal of dif-
ference.

A third advertiser has presented the
best joke of all. A much grey speckled
egg of English Sparrow, well blown;
and marked as follows, in pencil:—“‘H.
S.—8-5.” Now some body has written
in ink, above the hole the number 85,
and sent out the egg as that of the
Nashville Warbler. A better example
of ignorance and impudence kissing
each other was never seen—even in the
collection of an ornithologist. 3

Your paper has done much for young
Oologists, will it not add another favor
by way of warning them against the
tricksters that are prostituting orni-
thology for gain? And will you not
emphasize the fact that large drill holes

save where incubation is nearly com-
plete are unnecessary, unsightly, slov-
enly? I hereby pledge myself to hold
tor postage and return all received spec-
imens prepared thus, unless by special
arrangement and I trust that all who
feelus I do in this matter will send
their names to the OoLoGist for publi-
cation so that any of you egg-collecting
fellows that are too lazy to drill small
and smooth blow-holes and rinse thor-
oughly, may give us a wide berth. You
dont want anything todo with us un-
less you decide to turn cranky and join
our army. In the cause of honest and
careful oology 1 beg.to remain
Yours very sincerely
P. B. PEABODY

[Every trwe oologist will enroll him-

self in Bro. P.’s brigade. Ed.]

Western Robin.

761a, Merula migratoria propin-
qua, Ridgw.

No.

Habitat.—Western United States, Pa-
cific Coast, from Mexico northward.

This species is very abundant, and |

from this fact I judge not much ap-
pears in print, concerning it. However
it is an interesting bird

It brings to |

us the balmy spring days and awakens ©

from our winter slumbers,

us

with ©

thoughts of the near approach of nest- |

ing season, and we proceed to prepare |

for work.

The Western Robin is a resident of
Oregon the entire year, and the largest
numbers are seenduring winter or the
rainy season.

They congregate in large numbers in
the fall (generally about November),
near some small stream lined with
bushes and trees, and from my observa- |
tion, remain there the whole winter. __

Inthe morning early they may be
seen leaving these roosting places, and
spreading out to feed for the day, re-

turning again about five or six o’ciock ||

THE OOLOGIST.

217

in the evening. I have observed two
of these Robin roosts near Sweet Home,
' Ovegon, for the past two years.

In winter they feed much upon the
fir buds but as the ground is always
bare, they have no lack of food, insects
and worms being abundant.

They nest in April and May, selecting
a low fir bush generally, although I have
found them in scrub oaks and apple
trees, but I have not found them nest-
ing in barns and out-buildings the way
the Eastern Robin does. They are not
inclined to build as near the habitations
of man either.

The nest does not differ radically from
that of merula migratoria, and the
complement of eggs is invariably 8,
sometimes 4, but rarely 5.

Out of some twenty nests examined
all, but four contained three eggs each,
three contained four eggs and only one
five eggs.

They were in various stages of incu-
bation from perfectly fresh to nearly
full term.

The eggs do not vary from those of
Merula migratora, but perhaps will
average a little larger.

Dr. A. G. PRILL.

Western New York Naturalists
Association.

Puerprs, N. Y., Sept. 18, 1891.

A meeting of the Naturalists of West-
ern New York was held here Sept. 15th,
for purpose organizing an association
of same. Though the attendance was
not all that was hoped for, yet a sue-
cessful and enthusiastic meeting was
held, and the Association was started,
under the name of the Western New
York Naturalists Association. Officers
elected were, President, Ernest F.Short,
Chili, Monroe Co.; Secretary, B. 8.

Clifton Springs.
ed, executive committee, Neil F. Pos-

Bowdish, Phelps; Treasurer, E.B.Peck, !
Comunittee’s appoint- ,

son, E. Kirk, and T. R. Taylor; Com-'
|

mittee on Constitution. and. By-Laws;
E. B. Peck, E. Kirk and B S. Bowdish:
Committee on ineorporation, B. §S.
Bowdish. Active membership is limit-
ed to fifty. Resident in the counties;
Wayne, Ontario, Steuben, Allegany,
Livingston, Wyoming,. Genesee, Erie,
Orleans, Niagara, Cattaraugus, Chau-
tauqua, Monroe, initiation fee, $.50,
yearly dues, $25; associate membership
limited to residence in North America,
no dues; Honorary and corresponding
membership left open, subject to fur-
ther action. All members wishing to
join: as active or associate members,
are requested to communicate inclosing
stamp, with the Secretary. A cordial
invitation is extended to all of both
sexes to join! :
B.S. BownisyH, Sec.

The Scissor-tailed Flycatcher.
(Milvilus forficatus.)

This handsome bird is common in
northern Mexico and Texas, and ac-
eording to Davie, is found as far north
as Indian Territory and Missouri. It
arrives here late in March or early in
April, and begins to lay about the last
of May.

Its eggs have a pure white or creamy
ground, sparingly spotted, chiefly on
the larger end, with dark red and
brown, occasionally with black and _ li-
lac. Five is the usual number laid
though sets of four and six are not un-
common. The eggs measure about .86
xq) 617) ime

What I consider a typical nest is com-
| posed of cotton and weeds, lined with
| cotton. Situated from four to thirty
feet from the ground in a tree that
'stands alone. I have never found a
| Scissor-tailed Flycatcher’s nest in thick
woods.

Milvilus forficatus is one of the most
pugnacious birds in this county (‘'vavis).
It will attack and put to flight crows,
jays, buzzards and sometimes hawks.

j

218

THE OOLOGIST.

The Scissor-tailed Flycatcher is often
confounded with the Fork-tailed Fly-
catcher (Milvilus tyrannus), as in the
second edition of Davie’s North Ameri-
can Birds.

J. H. TALLICHET,
Austin, Tex.

California Thrasher.

(Harporhynchus redivivus.)

One who has wandered through the
many retired glens of the coast region
South California has surely been at-
tracted by the brilliant song of the Cali-
Thrasher, and perhaps studied the ha-
bits of the plainly robed bird. This
curved-billed,drab-garbed bird, in com-
pany with the Caliornia Towhee,
frequents the districts where mosquitos
and scrub-oaks abound, and here it
dwells throughout the year, a happy
tenant of the wooded glades.

It is pleasant, indeed, to withdraw
one’s self from the feved and strife of the
world and seek some secluded nook
thie still lingers in its pristine wilder-
ness and beauty, where the untrodden
flowers bloom and the very air seems
like a breathing from a rarer world,
and there, amid the splendor of vernal
garniture, listen to the varied strains
of the Sylvan choirs. Such are the
haunts of the Thrasher and thither must
the lover of birds repair to catch the
most eloquent strains sf the Thrasher’s
medley:

‘Here, like the nightingale, she pours

Her solitary lays,

“Nor asks a witness to hear her song,

Nor thirsts for human praise.”’

When the first notes are heard, guid-
ed by the sounds, glide noiselessly
through the green, quiet vale until but
an intervening shrub screens you from
the musician and, reclining upon the
scented sward, prepare to listen to the
joyful song. The bird first indulges in

a few tentative notes while secreted in

the foliage of the underbrush. These
seem satisfactory, but he must ascend
to the top of the tree before he breaks
into song. Up he flutters, limb after
limb, stopping at intervals to test his
voice anew. Soon he disdains any in-
ferior perch and mounts to the topmost
limb of the tree. His throat rolls, his
notes come forth full and clear; his
throat swells and his breast throbs as
his song grows louder and sweeter;
mingled with his natural tones are bits
of consummate mimicry. The bird
seems carried away with the fervor of
his song, his whole frame is agitated,
he is transported to realms of bliss.

So enravished is the listener that the
song of a more distant bird scarcely
breaks upon his ear, no sooner had the
lay of the Thrasher echoed throughout
the vale than a second bird burst into
emulous song, thus they sing in gener-
ous rivalry and make the quiet haunts
reverberate with their varied strains.

The song of the Thrasher is not limit-
ed to any particular season but can be
heard throughout the year, and in win-
ter it seems as rich and varied as in the
days of courtship and match-making.
Oftimes the Thrasher wanders from his
accustomed haunts and seeks the pres-
ence of man to entrance him with his
powers of song.

The hours usually chosen for their
musical exercises are at break-of-day
and eventide. Long before the other
birds are stirring or the streaming
light breaks upon their nest, e’er the
condor, majestic monarch of the bound-
less realm of air, sweeps from his erag-
gy perch, the. Thrasher awakens from
his slumbers, dashes the dew-drops
from his wing and seeks a lofty altitude
to herald the coming day. The first

sound that breaks upon the quiét vale ‘°

and echo through the gnarled oaks is
this morning carol.
last sun rays are fading in the west, in”
the ravishing gleam of twilight when,

But it is when the ©

THE OOLOGIST.

219

‘A slumberous silence filis the sky,

The fields are still, the woods are

dumb,

in glassy sleep the waters lie”
that the Thrasher sings at his best.
The low warblings turned to an even-
ing’s song sweeter far than the music of
the lute, touch upon the ear like the
beatings of seraphic wings, and with
them come a feeling of content, a spirit
of rest, that lulls one to the slumberous
land of dreams.

The bird is a continual resident
wherever found. When spring blos-
soms with the gentle rains, the Thrash-
ers are at match-making and scarcely
has summer come before the fledglings
have abandoned the nest. The eggs
are of a bluish green color, dotted with
reddish brown, and number from two to
four, usually three. The nest is placed
in some thickly foliaged tree at no
great height from the ground, it is loose-
ly constructed of grasses, roots, twigs,
and moss. The bird is a close sitter

and remains on the nest until almost

touched by the hand.
H. C. LILuig,
Ann Arbor, Mich.

Ornithologists Association.

SECRETARY’S REPORT.

At the monthly mecting the following
new members were elected:

Active members:—Wm. McKnew, 212
G. St., N. E., Washington, D. C.

Corresponding members: —E. H.
Short, Chili, Monroe Co., N. Y.; Wm.
A. Achilles, Cor. 15th and Lavoca [Sts.,
Austin, Tex.

Remarks were made by President
Langille on the Ring-billed Gull and its
nesting in Georgian Bay.

Mr. Aspinwall reported the taking
during the past season of a set of six
eggs of Least Bittern at Colonial Beach,
Va. Yd

K. J. Brown has-a set of five Albino.

eggs of the Long-billed Marsh Wren,
that they are eggs of the Long-billed.
There is no doubt as they have been
examined by both Prof, Ridgway and
Capt. Bendire, who pronounced them :a
great freak of nature.

Some ineidents regarding the Blue
Grosbeak were given which I give be-
low supplemented by a few of my notes
on that bird.

The Blue Grosbeck is’ rather smaller
than its Rose-breasted and Cardinal
relations and bears quite a resemblance
to an overgrown Indigo Bynting.

Its range is rather southerly but it
has been taken as far north as New
York and Michigan.

It is mentioned as a straggler only in
but one of five lists of the birds of
Chester County, Pa., hence I conclude
that this section (D. C.) is nearly or
quite its uorthern-most breeding range.
In Coues and Prentiss, Avi Fauna
Columbiana it is given as a summer
resident, rather rare, breeding. {

They state that it frequents and
breeds in mnch the same situations as
the Cardinal, though it is also found in
orchards and open grounds.

I first made the acquaintance of this
bird in the summer of ’87 when a pair
nested twice on my father’s farm about.
one-half mile east of the District Colum-
bia. As both nests were near the build-
ing the opportunity for observations
was good.

On June 24th I took the first nest and
four eggs, from the fork of a peach tree
about seven feet from the ground near
the barn,

The eggs were colored much like a
blue-birds and considerably larger.

The nest was much neater than the
Carginals, was lined with horse-hair
and had a snake skin nicely woven in.

In August of the same year the same
birds (evidently) nested in a small cedar.
tree not more than twenty feet from
the front of a hen-house which. was -.
used by about fifty fowls, —.

220

THE OOLOGIST.

The old birds became rather tame
and.did not greatly resent my frequent
examinations of their family affairs.

This time they were allowed to raise
their young and depart in peace.

This nest like the first one was partly
~composed of snake skin. As the only
other nest which I have seen (one in
the Smithsonion Institute collection)
also has a snake skin in it, I haye won-
dered if the Crested Flycatcher did not
mingle its distinctive habit, with the
Blue Grosbeak. ,

I have observed the Blue Grosbeak
every Season since, but have found no
more nests. If anyone.can give me
any further information on the nesting
of this bird. I would be pleased to
hear from them.

A.B. FARNHAM,
See: Ornithologists Association.

Albino Birds.

In the§ Fabre ary. 1890. No. of. the
OOLOGIST you will find an article from
your humble,servant entitled, ‘‘Albino
- Blue Jay.” ‘That was and is to-day a

fine bird although in confinement.

Now I wish to speak of another _Al-
dino. When a boy in Wisconsin as far
back as 1856 I saw an Albino Swallow

ahd also an Albino Black Bird. I have
often spoken of it but people would say
‘Impossible, a black bird, cannot be
white!” . Very well, an old Scotch adage
goes ‘a mons amon for wl a that” color
- cutting 20 figure whatever. So also
with my White Black Bird.

On October ist, 1891 I received by
mail from Frederick Nordin, of Moun-
tain Lake, Minnesota a lovely albino
specimen of: “ Agelaeus phoeniceus (Red-
winged Blackbird). I think:it is a little
smaller than average Red-wing, but
that itis one there can:,be no doubt.
Head and neck tinged with the very
lightest shade of salmon, bend of wings
bright orange with the least tint of red
one black feather under right wing (out

and legs white or flesh color.

on the eastern slope of a hillside.

of sight), the balance of the plumage.
immaculate white, eyes light pink, bill
_ Mr. Nor-.
din writes, ‘‘the air was clouded with
birds when I discovered the Albino, I
drew my gun up and fired both barrels,
rejoice with me, I got my bird and some.
twenty-three black ones. When I re-
ceived the bird he had been three days:
upon the road and began to get a little.
old, but I have him nicely mounted and’
fixed up and he is now one of the chief
attractions of my ornithological collec-

tion.

- R. D. Goss,
New Sharon, Iowa... ©

Nuttall’s Poor-Will.
Aug. 30, 1891.

DEAR S1r:—On Aug. 13, 1891 while.
hunting for my cows, F ftushed a Nut-
tall’s Poor-will, and after-a close hunt,
it being at dusk, I found the nest, or
rahter, there was no nest, eggs being-
placed on the bare ground beside a rock
A
latitude 6000 to 6500 feet. One egg was,
just hatched and the other was picked.

The little bird just hatched was coy-
ered with down like a young duckling,
returning a week later they were gone.

I would like to hear thr ough the.
OoLoaist the experience of others con-
cerning this interesting species. They
are quite common here, though this is,
my first nest.

P. L. JONES,
Beulah, Colo:

Notes Wanted on the Yellow Warbler. -

Iam very much interested in the hab-
its, etc., of No. 98 the Yellow Warbler
or Summer Yellow Bird, Dendreea es-
tiva and will be very much obliged to,
receive notes, etc., from all; also nara~
tives of peculiar nestings, etc., etc.

R. G. Fires,
55 N. Union St., Grand Rapids, Mich.

a THE OOLOGIST. . 221

THE OOLOGIST

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FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N.Y.
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trom all.

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ENTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, WN. Y., AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER,

et

Chewink or ‘“‘Chewee.”

Mr. Editor:

The April numbor of, the OoLogist
was the first I have seen of your inter-
esting little paper, and its popular and
unscientific make up, and style of print-
ing the letters of the people, who love
birds and I suppose. flowers, but who
have not probably great ornithological
attainments; at once enlisted my atten-
tion and interest; and I have read. each
number since carefully that comes to
our City Library.

These facts may explain to some the
following rambling, rollicking letter
about the Chewink.

Each number of the OoLoGisT since
March, I think has one or two articles
concerning the Chewee or Chewink.

This fact of itself, to some extent

measures the popularity of this bird.
Have we any other bird in this latitude,
so well known to men, and so well
liked, or better loved? I say ‘‘known to,
men,” because only those who go about
the woods or forest, are going to see.
our dear little friend, the Chewink.
Ladies will see the Robin, the Blue-bird
and the Swallow, and the Pewee, ete.
He does not dwell in the fields or pas-
tures, or come to the garden and berry
patch. He is out in the woods, and
over the fenee, and out a space in the
woods, and in shady woods, not in
clearings. Lalways from a child liked
all birds, and before I was six years old
I was familiar with all the common
birds and their habits in that part of
New Jersey, where we resided; knew.
the form of the nest of each, and the
material in it, and their locations, num-.
ber and color of their eggs, and how.
often they breed in a season, and their
notes I could well, from much _ practice.
imitate.

We removed to Ohio in 1835 when I
was six years old, and I. have never
since seen the nest or eggs of some of
these birds; as the Wood Pewee (Musci-
capa say?) and. but once the nest of that.
wild bird, whose egg is so peculiar in
appearance and looks as though a pen
dipped in purple ink, and held by a,
paralytic hand had been drawn in wav-.
ing lines from pole to pole of it. I mean
the olive-green Pewee, or Quaker bird,
we call it, perhaps from its plain colors
and appearances. Itis the (Muscicapa
crinito) of Alexander Wilson. But this.
(Pipilo emberiza). I more than liked,
and while we often like our fellows.
from an undefinable something about
them, yet I think some of the appear.
ance and mental characieristics, (if I
can speak of a bird’s mind) aroused my
sympathies and love for the Chewee.

Now, I suppose a lover, sees beauty
where uninterested eyes might ridi«
cule, and I must thus be excused for
ayowing my admiration for the beauty,

222

THE OOLOGIST.

‘of the Chewee. I love his sharp red eyes
‘and how much of beauty we humans

‘carry in our eyes; or lose when our

‘eyes are not lustrious and mild and in-
‘teresting.

He gets his name ‘“‘Hrythropthalma,”
(Erythrops, red and thalmag eyes) the
Greek for ‘‘red eyes” from the deep red
‘of his eyesin the summer season. He
‘sees everything that takes place in his
neighborhood, out of these all observ-
‘ing eyes, and shows it too and shapes
his conduct accordingly. But I find
‘his greatest beauty in his possession of
‘generous quantities of black and brown
‘colors.

Now, neither of these colors alone,
yperhaps is much to be admired.

Everyone seems to like pink color,
‘but how seldom do we see this color in
flowers, where its beauty is not height-
‘ened and set off by the presence of a
higher shade of red, or union of green
‘with it; but where pink fades into the
‘polished white of the seashell, or in
‘the hectic cheek of a lady whose early
fading away is thus heralded: it is the
lovliest tint of nature. This combina-
tion of the black head, tail and sides of
the Chewee, with the dark brown of the
‘wings is to me his great ‘‘beauty spot.”

Will our lady readers pardon me,
when I tell them that the first ‘‘nice
‘dress” I bought for my wife after we
were married, was this very combina-
nation in a silk pattern, a broad black
‘stripe and a narrower brown one, eall-
‘ed in those days, forty years ago, bia-
“dere (byadare) stripe,

There is something about his mind
"the Chewee) that forbids him to eat
idle bread. He always seems busy. It
is true we do not. see what he kicks up
‘the dry leaves so for, and makes such a
‘sudden racket that a thrill of fear often
‘comes over us, lest a viper or a crotilus
horridus (rattle snake) is about to strike
us, and when we see the harmless cause
of our fright, we feel vexed at him.
‘How often he has thrown my: heart. in-

tomy throat; for we often hear him,
before we see him; for indeed it would
be difficult to seem him, generally, if he
should observe proper decorum in the
dry black and brown leaves and net be-
gin to kick them up, and make this
frightful racket.

By the way, ifI do like him so, asI
have said above, I hope there will be
nothing lacking of true friendship, if
behind his back, I should institute an
inquiry into the cause of this peculiar-
ity of his kicking up the dry leaves and
making a disagreeable noise. I cer-
tainly do not think he does this all day.
long, when he is alone. Does he do it
then in our presence out ofvanity,toleave -
the impression that he has a great deal
to do in making a support for himself
and family ? Or to scare a person who
invades his haunts? [ wish to be char-
itable and to put the best construction
I can upon the actions of fellow-beings,
but it seems to me that his little crop

legal not hold the fourth of the fat

bugs and vermin he could find by
scratching over a quarter of an acre of
leaves in a day, as he ought to do if he
is as industrious in our absence as in
our presence.

One of the reasons for his popularity
is his sprightliness. Heg is never dull,
or undecided as to what next is duty.
When we come upon him, he givesa
few lightning kicks at the dry leaves;
hops upon wings, flits, (hardly flies) a
few feet toa log, a dead brush or low
limb; turns half around a time or two,
cries Chewee ! Chewee ! and jumps
down again into the leaves and Si:
ently resumes his duty.

How different the dull and striped
robin who will fly to some stake or
post or rail or the fence, and there sit
as motionless as a pump on a log for 10
or fifteen minutes, and exhibiting no
more signs of life except a few short,
nervous jerks of the tips of his wings,
than a piece of casting.

See too all the muscicapa tribe, which

THE OOLOGIST.

223.

sits still indefinitely on a limb or stakes
waiting for a job, tramp-like, till a bee
or bug or butterfly comes that way,
then seemingly with a painful effort
they hop off their perch and execute
their capias and then return as quickly
as possible to get another rest; and in-
stead of going off like our enterprising
Chewee to hunt a job, they sit still
again. as though they were tired,till
something else again ‘“‘turns up.”

I intended to say a word about his
habitat. I think we must accept Dr.
Coues as authority on his habitat, which
makes it in the northern Atlantic states,
English provinces and 43° in Michigan
where I have seen it—particularly on
the Wisconsin river and West into east-
ern Kansas, and up the Missouri river
as far, at leastas 438° and south of
course in the southern states.

W.D. F. Lummis.

Des Moines, Ia., Oct. 26, 1891.

Our Birds in Their Haunts.

A SPECIAL OFFER.

Iam about to issue a new edition of
“Our Birds in Their Haunts.” The
points claimed for this work are:

1. That itis a complete treatise on
the birds of Eastern North America at
a very low figure, $2.50 being the retail
price of the new edition.

2. Itmakes a specialty of oology and
nidification.

3. It contains much new matter not
found in other printed works.

4. Itis prepared with special regard
to the pleasure of the reader. that is,
readableness isa prime consideration.
‘The birds are grouped in relation to
‘season and locality, are studied ‘in
‘their haunts,” the question of habitat
receiving particular attention.

The second point given above, has
never been sufficently emphasized. in
‘any notice of the work. The location,
composition and structure of the nest;

the size, form and color of the eggs are
all noted with the utmost interest and
eare. To the author oology has always
been one of the most charming fea'ures
of bird-study.

Under the third item, the points par-
ticularly new, are contained in the dis-
tribution of certain species, and espec-
ially the history of the water birds on
the great fresh waters of the interior.
It is safe to say, that no other book on
American birds, wili duplicate many of
the facts here given; and that technical
ornithologists have passed this line of
facts by without due attention, simply
because the book was in popular style.

The special offer is, that all persons
sending in subscriptions, or bona fide
applications by January ist can have
the book for $1.60 including postage,
provided that the number of applica-—
tions be sufficient to enable the author
to bring out the work on the present
plan. The number of names pledged
should not be less than 450. If the
number sent in is not adequate no one
will be holden for his application.

J. H. LANGILLE,

Kensington, Md., or Smithsonian In-
stitution, Washington, D. C.

P.S. Applications should be sent at
once to my address. In this case time
is money.

The Lark Bunting.

The Lark Bunting arrives here the
first of May. Frequenting the open
prairies in company with the Night-
hawk, the Prairfe Horned Lark and
the Mountain Plover, it rears its young
and then departs for winter quarters
the latter part of August.

This species commences nesting the
last of May. The nest is placed on the. _
ground at the base of any weed or small
bush, but the common thistle is usually
selected. The nest is composed of
grass blades, stems and weeds lined
with fine rootlets and occasionally a few

THE OOLOGIST.

hairs.. The eggs are from four to six in
number andof a uniform, light blue
color. Occasionally sets will be found
which are sparingly spotted with fine
brownish dots. During the season of
89 a set of fivespotted eggs were brought
to me for identification which from the
description of the hird and nest Were
undoubtedly those of the Lark Bunting.

On the 23d of May of. this year, I found |

a set of four spotted eggs of this species.
I would like to hear from others
through the columns of the OoLo«ist
in regards to spotted eggs of the Lark
Bunting; also where it passes the win-
ter.
Harry W. MENKE,
Garden City, Kansas.

List of Birds found Breeding in the Vicinity
of Peoria, illinois. ©

191. Botaurus exilis, Least Bittern,
tolerable common in the sloughs.

201 Ardea virescens, Green Heron,
common. formerly a small Heronry of

this species existed near here.

219 Gallinula geleata, Florida Gal-
linule, a common breeder in the
sloughs. bie:

221 Fulica americana, American
Coot, a. common breeder.

228. Philohela minor, American

Woodcock, quite plentiful in the river
bottoms, as far as. the writer’s. know-
ledge no nests have been found but the
young have been shot early in the sea-
son.
.263 Actitis macularia, Spotted Sand-
piper, breeds sparingly.

273 Xgialitis vocifera, Killdeer,
rather common, nests and eggs have
been taken.

289. Colinus virginianus, Bob-white,
a common summer resident, breeds.

300 Bonasa umbellus, Ruffed Grouse,
an uncommon summer
breeds very sparingly.

305 Tympanuchus americanus, Pra-
irie Hen, Summer resident, but not so
common as Bonasa umbellus.

316 Zenaidura macroura, Mourning

Dove, common summer resident, breeds | :
| Flycatcher, not very common, confined

everywhere.
]

resident and,

333. Accipiter cooperi, Cooper’s
Hawk, tolerable common breeder.

337. Buteo borealis, Red-tailed Hawk:
a common Hawk and breeds early.

360: Falco sparverius,Sparrow Hawk-
a common species.

8378. Megascops asio, Screech Owl,
our most common Owl.

375 Bubo yvirgininianus, Great Horn-
ed Owl, a resident the year around,
breeds sparingly.

387 Coccyzus americanus, Yellow:
billed Cuckoo, a common breeder.

3888 Coccyzus erythrophthalmus,,
Black-billed Cuckoo, not so common ag,
the preceding species.

390. Ceryle aleyon, Belted Kingfisher-
a comimon bird along our streams. -

3938. Dryobates villosus, Hairy Wood~
pecker, a tolerable common breeder.

394 Dryobates pubescens, Downy
Woodpecker, this species is not found
breeding so often as the preceding spe-~
cies. :

402. Sphyrapicus varius, Yellow-bel-.
lied Sapsucker,as far as the writer’s.
knowledge this is a rare species. Two,
sets were taken by the writer in the.
river bottoms from the same birds.

406 Melanerpes erythrocephalus,
Red-headed Woodpecker, a common
breeder.

412. Colaptes auratus. Flicker, more.
abundant than the preceding species.

417. Antrostomus vociferus, Whip-.
poor-will, rare, two nests with eggs
have been found.

420. Chordeiles virginianus, Night-
hawk, common, some nest on the tops,
of buildings.

423 Chetura pelagica, Chimney-
Swift, this is one of our most common
birds.

428 Trochilus colubris, Ruby-throat-
ed Hummingbird, tolerable common,
not many of their nests are found.

444 Tyrannus tyrannus Kingbird,
common, nearly every orchard contains,
a pair.

452 Myiarchus crinitus, Crested Fly-.
catcher, abundant, more so in the river-
bottoms.

( 456 Sayornis phoebe, Phoebe,
abundant, breeds early.

461 Contopus virens, Wood Pewee,
a common bird in the wood.

465 Empidonax acadicus,

very

Acadian,

THE OOLOGIST.

225

\

ito the low damp woods along the river
where it breeds.

466a Empidonax pusillus, Traill’s
Flycatcher, not very common breeds
‘sparingly.

474b. Otocoris alpestris praticola,
Prairie Horned Lark, common, nests
early.

477 Cyanocitta cristata, (Blue Jay,)
‘a common breeder.

488 Corvus americanus, American
‘Crow, abundant, breeds early.

494 Dolichonyx oryzivorus, Bobo-
link, not very common, only one nest
to my knowledge has been found.

495. Molothrus ater, Cowbird, very
abundant and breeds everywhere.

498 Agelaius phceniceus, Red-wing-
‘ed Blackbird, abundant, hundreds
breed in the river bottoms.

501. Sturnella magna, Meadow Lark,
‘common in our meadows.

506. Icterus spurius, Orchard Oriole,
‘common, I have not only found their
nests in trees but in hedges and bushes.

507 Icterus galbula, Baltimore Ori-
‘ole, common, seems to prefer cotton-
‘wood trees to nest in.

511b Quiscalus quiscula eneus,.
Bronzed Grackle, abundant,.more so in
the river bottrms.

529. Spinus tristis, American Gold-
finch, a common bird but not many
nests are found.

Passer domesticus, European
House Sparrow, This li:tle pest is found
everywhere.

546 Ammodramus savannarum pas-
serinus, Grasshopper Sparrow, not
very common, I have only succeeded in
finding two nests.

552. Chondestes grammacus, Lark
Sparrow, tolerable common, breeds
sparingly.

560 Spizella socialis, Chipping Spar-
row, a common breeder.

563 Spizella pusilla, Field Sparrow,
very common, a bird that can be seen
in every fieid.

587 Pipilo erythropthalmus, Towhee
a common summer resident.

5938 Cardinalis cardinalis, Cardinal,
tolerable common, found more abun-
dant in the river bottoms.

595 Habia ludoviciana, Rose-breast-
ed Grosbeak, a common breeder, seems
to be decreasing in numbers.

598 Passerina cyanea, Indigo Bunt-

ing, a common bird, breeding in the
thickets.

604 Spiza americana, Dickcissel,
very abundant, delights to build in
clover fields.

608 Piranga erythromelas, Scarlet
Tanager, a tolerable common breeder
and confined chiefly to the oak woods.

611 Progne subis, Purple Martin, a
common breeder, confined chiefly to
the city.

612 Petrochelidon lunifrons, Cliff
Swallow, common, breeds in colonies.

613 Chelidon erythrogaster, Barn
Swallow, not so abundant as the pre-
ceding species.

614 Tachycineta bicolor, Tree Swal-
low, common, confined to the river
bottoms where it breeds.

616 Clivicola riparia, Bank Swallow,
tolerable common, along our streams,

616 Stelgidopteryx serripennis,
Rough-winged Swallow, rare, one nest
found by the writer.

619 Ampelis cedrorum, Cedar Wax-
wing, a rare breeder here.

622a Lanius ludovicianus excu bitor-
ides, (White-rumped Shrike, ) quite com-
mon, breeds chiefly in the hedges, cer-
tain specimens of skins from this Coun-
ty are found to be nearer L. ludovic-
ianus than L.. ludovicianus excubitor-
ides.

637 Protonotaria citrea, Prothono-
tary Warbler, a common bird in the
river bottoms where it breeds.

652 Dendroica aestiva, Yellow War-
bler, very common especially in the
river bottoms among the willows.

673 Dendroiea discolor, Prairie War-
bler, rare, only one nest has been found
and that by the writer.

674 Seiurus aurocapillus, Oven-bird,
not very common, breeds sparingly.

681 Geothlypis trichas, Maryland
Yellow-throat, abundant and found
everywhere.

683 Icteria virens, Yellow-breasted
Chat, common, nests chiefly on the
hill sides covered with hazel brush.

687 - Setophada ruticilla, American
Redstart, abunnant, contined to the
river bottoms, where it is as abundant
as the Yellow Warbler.

703 Mimus polyglottos, Mocking-
bird, doubtful, an egg shown me, was
said to have been taken here and a

| farmer told me of an instance where he

226

4

THE OOLOGIST.

took the young from the nest and
raised them.

704 G:leosecoptes carolinensis, Cat-
bird, very common and breeds abun-
dantly. i

705 Harporhynehus rufus, Brown
Thrasher, very common, majority nest
in hedges.

721 Troglodytes aedon, House Wren
a common little bird, very abundant in
the river bottoms.

735 Parus atricapillus, Chickadee, a
common breeder.

751 Polioptila ceerulea, .Blue-gray
Gnateatcher, a rare summer resident,
The writter found three nests this sea-
son, but was not lucky enough to se-
cure any eggs, F. E. Kinney took a set
of four near here.

755 Turdus mustelinus, Wood
Thrush, common summer resident,
most abundant in the low woods along
the river.

761 Merula migratoria, American
oe very common breeds abundant-
y.

766 Sialia sialis, Bluebird, abundant
and a common breeder.

The above list, which is very incom-
plete, the writer hopes will act asa
foundation to build upon by other col-
lectors of this locality.

Many species have been omited on
account of the uncertainty that attends
their breeding here. As many more
have not been looked for or studied,
and certain localities have not been
visited.

W. E. Loucks,
Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

World Fair Notes.

Sir Walker Bullard, who owns the
finest collection of native Maori curi-
osities and paintings in the world, has
applied for space in which to display
his collection, and intends visiting the
Exposition with his family. Maj. John
Wilson, of Auckland, has submitted a
proposition to the Foreign Affairs Com-
mittee to bring a colony of Maoris to
the Exposition, house them in one of
their native-built fort, and let them
show their native costumes, home life,
and methods of warfare. The propo-

sition is regarded with some favor, as
it would add greatly to the value of the
general ethnological exhibit of the Ex.
position.

Relics by the Wagon Load,

Under the direction of Prof. Putnam,
Chief of the Department of Ethnology,
of the World’s Columbian Expostion,
a party of men has been making exten-
sive excavations of the prehistoric
mounds in Ohio and Indiana, and ac-
cording to reports, received from time
to time, most gratifying suecess hag
been met with. Many skulls, skeletons
copper hatchets, pipes, ornaments, al-
tars of burnt clay weighing 400 to 300
pounds, flint spear heads, etc., have
been secured.

In one mound, situated near Ander-
son Station, Indiana, 7,232 flint spear
heads and knives were discovered. The
bulk was so great that it took four
horses and a large corn wagon to haul
the flints to camp. The total weight
was a trifle over 4,700 pounds. The im-
plements were found in a layer one foot,
in thickness, extending over a space
twenty by thirty feet. Many of them
were over eight or ten inches in Jenght;
some of them even larger, while the
majority ranged from seven to eight,
inches. They are make of gray flint
found only in Indiana, and show that:
there were from sixty to seventy flakes,
detatched from each one in order to,
fashion it.

The largest ‘find of flint implements.
made in one place hertofore in Amer-.
ica did not exceed 1,800 specimens. In
one of the caverns occupied by primi-
tive man in the valley of ths Seine, be-
low Paris, 2,300 implements were found
in one deposit. As it is reasonable to,
conelnde that early one day’s work was.
expended on each implement, and as
each one exhibits almost absolute per:
fection as faras flint chipping is con-
cerned, the find will be of special value
to ethnological 1esearch.

»>o2>

FOR THIRTY YEARS.

Humphreys’ Veterinary Specifics’ have
been used with perfect success and
thousands testify that these Specifics’
cure in half the ttme and at half the ex-
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——=

THE OOLOGIST.

22%

Davie's Nests and Eggs

OF ———

NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS,

Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with am
Introduction by J. Parker Norris, and Full
Page Illustrations of Nests, etc. by
Theodore Jasper, A. M., M.D.,
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This work is descriptive of the Nests and
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which includes all the species known te extst—
those that occur or are indigenous north of the
Southern United States boundary, including
Greenland and the peninsula of Lower California.

The breeding range of each species is given,
the time of nesting, the exact number ofeggs
laid, their color and size together with the chief
characteristics of the birds.

The arrangement of the work is according to
the new nomenclature ofthe A. O. U. Codeand
Check List, and the old numbers (ic ews.
as used in former editions, are placed te fie
right of each species. Throughout the text all
the common names ofthe birds are to be found,
and & COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX of these is

ven.

An invaluable book as an aid for the identifi-
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eld. ;

The work consists of 475 pages and 13 full gage
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Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth, $1-75-

FRANK H. LATTIN,
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FO R SA LE ___A collection of bird eggs, about

. 100 var. and over 525 specimens;
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Cc. J. THOMSON, 746 North Twentieth St., Philadelphia.

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BRIDLED TERN EGGS.

~In April ’90 OOLOGIST, we published the fol-
lowing notice:

“Collectors having eggs of Bridled Tern that.
they obtained direct from me, will please keep,
the same in their posession until a question
which hasrecently ariseu, can be settled.

My collector on the Bahamas was a man of:
experience. and old army captain, and who. for.
the past dozen years, has spent from six to nine,
months annually in active field. work. In ’88
and/’89. he brought home from the Bahamas,
several skins of the Bridled Tern and a few eggs
which he postively identified as coming from
the same species. That my collector is honest,
in his belief in the identity of the eggs, is un-
questionable. but one of the best, if not the
very best Oologists in the United States—or.
the world for that matter—writes me that they,
are not the eggs of the Bridled Tern.

My collector is now in Central America some-.
where and this matter cannot be straightened
a his retern which is not expected until

uly.

While I shall refuse to fill orders for eggs of
this species until his return. I shall also refuse,
to redeem any of the eggs that I have sold for.
that species during the past eighteen months
until the matter can be straightened. Should
it be decided that the eggs are genuine, or:
should it be decided otherwise, notice will be
given in the OoLoGisr and I shall straighten
the matter to my patrons’ entire satisfaction.”

The eggs have proved to be those of some
other species, but we now have, however, a
stock of genuine Bridied’s and our patrons hay-
ing the spurious specimens obtained directly.
Jrom us can return the same and we will send a
genuine specimen by next mail.

Faithfully,
FRANK BH. LAITIN.

Carr’s Natural History and Bird Stores,

Taxidermy, Bird Skins and Eggs, Shells,
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New Catalogue will be out in Oct.—’90 Cata-
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WE DESIRE TO ANNOUNCE,
That our office is now fully equipped with
hew type of the latest styles, new presses and

DARD DIRECTORY FOR'91|

new stock, and that we are prepared to furnish.

JOB PRINTING

of any description, neatly and promptly execut-
ed at reasonable rates. When you need any-
thing in our line, it will only cost you a 2cent
_ stamp for our estimates and samples of our
work. Address,

The Bulletin Printing Co,,

ae (Suecesors to W. A. Crooks & Co..,)

GILMAN, | - - Tis.

An illustrated pricelist of Electrotypes of
‘Birds sent free. Just the thing to use on your

letter heads, circulars. ete. Engraving to or-
der. H. A. CARHART, Syracuse, N. Y.

LUMINU the marvelous metal, light
\ as paper, strong as sieel,

and what we make out of it. Watch chains

containing 17 Aluminum dimes with envrav-

ed Lord’s Prayer gold linked and finished,

in magnificent style, $3, $4. and $. Also
ladies’ necklaces containing 12 Aluminum Souy-
eniers with Lord’s Prayer $1.00. Bracelets. 50
cents. Breastpins, bangles and charms, all with
the Lord’s Prayer each: 10 cents. Graduated
pocket ruies, envelope openers. paper cutters fin-
fer rings, sewing thimbles, each 24 cents. Match
boxes 50 cents. Plaques, portrait frames, panels,
name plates, saucers, dishes, cups. teaspoons.
satchet boxes, fans, table forks, mirrors, each
$1.00 and $1.50.. Printer’s composing slicks, $3 0v.
Rules, horse-bits, stirrups. shoes, watch cases,
opera glasses, &c. Any (ther novelty made to
order. 251050 cents discount to Agents. One
assorted outfit by mail er C. O. D. for $5. or 24 for
$1. or 5 for 24 cents, or 1 for 10 cents. (No postals)
Send in \our order if will lead you to success,
Aluminum Alloy the greatest metai s!rengthener
known for lron and Brass Founders, $5 per 100
pounds C.0O. D. Aluminum ipgots 97 per cent

_ purity, sheets or wire per pound. 95 cents to $2.75

THE NEWPORT ALUMINUM WORKS.
(Established 1885) NEWPORT. KY.
One years subscrip'ion to the Aluminum Age
and 2 Aluminum Watch Cbarms with Lord’s
Prayer, 5) cents, 16.900 Copies Montbly. Address
the ALUMINUM AGE PUBLISHING CO.,
06% NEWPORT, KY.

| dnstructions.

MOUND BUILDER RELICS.
Big bargains. List for stamp.
WM. M. BAKER, - FORTVILLE. IND,

BOYS AND GIRLS
! IN CANADA
Are making from $2 to $6 per week by
selling to their acquaintances our large
Phdto Engraving of
Niagara Falls.

Send 18 cts. in stamps for sample and
Hvery _News Agent and
Stationer should handle these pictures.
150 per cent profit. Address

SUN LITHO. Co.,
68 Hayden St.. Toronto, Canada

hes Collectors, Atention!

W.A.OLDFIELD, Port Sanilac,Mich.
. FOR CATALOGUE OF

: Worth American Bird's Eggs,
InUMPHREYS’

| HOMEOPATHIC

SPECIFIC No. |

In use 30 years. The only successful remedy for

Nervous Debility, Vital Weakness,

and Prostration, from” over-work or other causes.
$1 per vial, or 5 vials

®

and large vial powder, for $5.
SOLD BY DRUGGISTS, or sent postpaid on receipt

of price. HUMPHREYS’ MEDICINE CO.,

Cor. William and John Sts., N. ¥.

Duplicates can be returned.
AN UNUSUAL OFFER
W. BP. GRRANY,

87 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL.
Catalogue for stamp.

“WE DO THE REST!”

We print everything from a Visiting Card to
a Dictionary, at as low prices as consistent with
ood work. Job Printing, Stereotyping and
inding. Send for new price list. c2 estimate,
Address, A. M. EDDY, Albion, N. Y,

400 yaprwnies ov sams $1.00. :

fi

88 TO 92 RUGLID AVB., CLEVELAND, Oo.

_ The Greatest Business University in America; over 1800 students attended last. year, “more
_ than twice as large an attendance as all other business colleges i in Cleveland combined ;more than
- 1000 students who attended last year are now holding good positions. The Euelid Ave.. Business

dents. With such a faculty is it any wonder that its graduates are sought by business men.

_ 183 Graduates received diplomas at our last graduating exercises; of that number 175 were hold-—

ing good positions within 30 days from that date. Nearly 300 will receive diplomas at our next
annual commencement. Send for cireulars or call at the main Office, £0 Euclid Ave.’ - Telephone
No. 536, M.J. CATON, Pres.

, N. B.—We have branch colleges in Buffalo. N. Y., and Detroit, Mich.
any of the colleges eran to the Caton system.

College employs a corps of 40 men, nearly one-half of whom have formerly been college. ‘presi- é

Scholarships good in Tei

ts RAPPED BIRDS. Parties wanting live birds

f such aS Cardinal Grose-beaks, Texan Bob
Whites and many others. Address with stamp
AIT ATKINSON, Dime Box, Texas.

‘A STEVENS 22-cal. rifle in fine condition, for
$9 cost $18. EDWIN WEBB, 611 E. Bront St:,
adeat basilica Til.

O ALL INTERESTED IN SCIENTIFIC
MATTERS.—Will all interested in any
branch of science please send me their address?
Shall we not have a general association-cf Sci-
entists for protiction and mutual advaneement,
to include professionals, ameteurs and _ stu-
dents of science as well as friends, of science?
yee Cae A. BROTHERTON, * Rochester.
ich

GEO. F. GUELF,
Brockport, N.Y.

sett Dealer in Bird Skins, Eggs, Mounted Birds,

eet and Curiosities. Send for price lists. Taxider-

my executed in allits branches. Work the fin-
est prices the lowest. Can furnish (mounted to
order) any bird obtainable. Correspondence
solicited. 4

OUR SOUTHERN HOME

Practical Taxidermist,

—\s the Name of a 40-page Monthly Magazine} ~

Published at Mount Holly, North Carolina.
All persens wishing to learn all about North
Carolina, her unlimited resourses. unrivaled
climate. and unparalleled inducements offered
new settlers, also a full history of her flowers,
birds and natural curiosities, should send 5 one-
cent postage stamps for copy of OUR SOUTH-|
ERN HOME and receive also our little book j
entitled “The Grape, Fruit and Trucking in-
dustry of North Carolina.- Address, M. H.
PRIDE, Mount Holly, North Carolina.

BAUTIEUL Michigan Wild Flowers. Some

o~dered of me by Columbian Exposition
Authorities. Thrée catalogues, each free. No.
A EIN Retail list, No. 2 2, Wholesale trade
list, No. 3, Carp Pond list.

is K. Brotherton,

ROCHESTER, MICH.

‘| legnes free.

Lia 12 DOWD?’ S Health Exerciser

For Brain-Workers and Sed-—
entary People, Gentlemen.
ASA Tadies. Youths, Athlete or In-

q valid. A complete gymnasium.
Takes up but 6in, square floor-
>) room; new, scientific, durable,

rh comprehensive. cheap. Indors-- |
‘ aed ed by 30.000 physicians.lawyers

“(TRADE MARK.) clergymen, editors. and others
now using it. Send for circular, 40 engravings, iv
no charge. : Prof. D. L. Dowd, Scientific. Phys- ri
ical and Vocal Culture, ¢ Hast 14th St.. N.Y.

TYPEWRITERS.

Largest like establ'shment in the world. Ist-
class Second-hand Instruments at half new
prices Unprejudiced advice given on all
makes. Machines sold on monthly payments.
Any instrument manufactured shipped, privi-
lege to examine. EXCHANGING A SPECIALTY. ~
Wholesale prices to dealers. Ilustrated Cata-

TYPEWRITER ° 31 Broadway, N.Y...

Ds h 2
HEADQUARTER s(" Chicago. DY ut

FEMALINE.

THE FAMOUS FEMALE
REMEDY.

LADIES SEND FOR FREE |

SELF TREATMENT AND :

_. FULL INSTRUCTIONS
ADDRESS. DR. MARION STANTON,
ass co ae CRONE AVE
Mention Oologist. ten CHICAGO. me

= PENSIONS

Soldiers disabled since the war are entitled i

Dependent widows and parents now. depen 5
dent, whose sons died from effects of army ser-
vice are included., If you wish your claim —
speedily and successfully prosecuted, address, 2

JAMES TANNER,

Washington. D, ¢

pa a kn PA

Late Com’ T of Pensions,

>
a
*
By
mi
an
CO
oe 04
act
Weg,
*,
a ie
%,
y ny
‘ ‘ Ye
: 4 c
°

BOc. per Year. “GF

i Raa CXSTCABTEANOO( TOW NOT lea] cay CTV
' CTO" S

ALBION, N. ¥, DEC, 1891. OG No. 12

ind W; ints x 1330 tags, 45 kinds, 250 post marks, fountain
A PAalits. pen. eggs, 25 and 50 cent novels, to exchanve
ents, “Wants,” “Ex- | for eggs, etc. CLYDE B. PARKER, Oberlin,
department for 2c |Kams. ‘

_WANTED:—Bullet moulds (conical and
round), No. 50, Govt., with wad cutter to match
Offer “‘Davie’s Nest and Eggs,” new, clota, -
latest ed. C. BE. PLEAS, Clinton, Ark.

TO EXCHANGE.—A: good Howe Sewing
i : Machine for breech loading shot gun. Also_
—_—_— two more sets of Chinese Pheasants’ eggs for
W. BROKAW, Pacific | eggs not in my collection. ROBERT WAR-
Cala ie. RICK, Fleming N. Y. — {

_WANTED.—A well matched pair of Buffalo
Bulls horns in rough, short, thick ones curved
| one way only prefered. Nocards. GEO. VOS-—
BURG, Columbus, Wis. P. O. Box 307.

_ TO EXCHANGE. — ist Class Eggs, 4.50; Re
volver, $3.00; Typewriter, $1.00: 4 vols Golden
Days, $12; 2 vols. OOLoGIST; 200 Fish Lucky
} bones for Bicycle* sundries. H. H. ABEHL,
CET aERID EG = 118 Main St. Poughkeepsie, N. Y. .

collection of birds eggs eS: A

afety Bicycle or camera. WANTED.—Original Set with full data yu

N, 199 Whitaker St. Savan- |} Sand-Hill Crane. Must be cheap! Will pay
5 : _|cash. Address W. CONGER MORGAN, 121

. Lake Ave., Albany. N. Y.

irst class original sets =

Nos. 7 1-1, 5la 1% %, 71 TO EXCHANGE.—I have about seventy var-
339 14, 402 1-5, 467 14 2-4] ieties of birdskins in first-class condition,
ILLARD, Newcastle, Maine. | which I will exchange for best offer of birds
aoe EA a eggs, Address GEO. D. HUNTINGTON, 526
R STAMPS.—One pair Acme | West Ave., Rochester, N. Y.

me steel bracket saw frame: sil- —-

ae TO EXCHANGE.—Have fine sets of 17, 293a,
aus one Fae aan Bees 421, 505.506, 508 and nests
alifornia. 594, , A.O. U. Among those wanted
ee ate — | are 332, 364, 373, 300, 416. 486, 474), 494, 5972, 591,
.NGE.—I have the following sets | 642, 702, 71, ete. THOMAS H. JACKSON,
for singles with ante s peo West Chester, Pa. y
0. 301, 210, 249. 11, 270, 153, 204 h rT DAES es : :
, 145, 258a, all first class with data, also| WANTED.—A Good Violin, 22 cal. Rifle, Com
tamps and Cigarette Pictures. Address a eeatica ain Hog eee eG! full
J. KEMPEN, care L. Henkels, Austin, eription. Willgive in exchange Birds 3.
Sg ae eS AUN, | Te C. GILLETT, Barre Centre, N.Y.”

slowest cash price.
11 N. Aldrich Ave.,

- E = 7 — ~ : if . «
ae ‘ 12, 40, 58, 194,| _TO EXCHANGE.—Desirable singles for sets.
eda. 281 Pray e eeis or fons ane se eNeral Saas aaa ae ae hat have you

Pp QTLhTw Wie d | ooffer? No postals. W. a RGAN
0. P. SILLMAN, Watsonville, Cal. 121 Lake Ave, Albany, N.Y. ,

E.—For every 250, worth of curiosi-| poRTpA eggs for ex. A. O. U. 37344. 47a

box ) S sent me I will give a Chinese CTOSS | 490014, 19914, 8014, 120a%, 513 3-3. FG ae

ade of wood. Also eggs to exchange. | strong pair climbers, for ‘Coues Key,’ 3d or 4th

MARK, 801 E. 14th St. Davenport, edition. WILLARD ELIOT, Thonotosassa,
; -Florida. wagons

back numbers of American Agricul- WANTED TO EXCHANGE _First la
fossil coral, acerualaria Lo exchange | egos in sets or singles for mounted birds. sine
pecimens of all kinds and Tndian rel- | and birds in the meat. Have many desirable
BERT DUNN, Cissna Park, Iroquois ! pops such as No. 729. 377. 204a, 434 and 447. D
artis J. BULLOCK, Marshalltown, Iowa. i

rs

To cor Sen] wit: 7
in all parts of
i : hang

ingles fora 1 good
pcnmines ae er

WANTED. ae blanks, labels, re oeimea
oie exchanee for eggs. fossils - and minerals.

- Natural Hi story wanted. E. S. PARK, fee
. Pleasant. St. .DesMoines, Towa. wis :
ts oe

1K, M shalltown. Towa.

THAVE 375 tobacco” ‘tags. and stamps to ex-
ee eaee for best offer in bird’s eges or books on
Natural History. MALCOLM oe THOMPTON,
St. rer oix Falls, ‘Wis. i

i

ITO: XCHANGE. One.
i complete and in good condition. shells, and fine
collection of works on Stamps. for, ‘Samuel's
books on birds eggs. Lattin,s No. 3 outtit, oolo-
- gistis supplies. including climbing irons, ROB-
SHRED WAINWRIGHT, ee Freemason St.

Norfolk, Va. f

TO EXCHANGE. —92 cal. rifie for the best
offer of first class eggs in sets with full data.

Side, Chicago, Ill.

TO EXCHANGE. —Ttalian Violin, ee and
as instructive book, in good condition, for best |
i offer of eggs orinsects, references given and re- |
“ ceo . G. SERGEANT, | ‘Winnebago City, |
inn

tures, 135 varieties tobacco tags. 22 caliber rifle,

; “Chemical Wonders” (Youth’s Companion

- premium list), small electro-magnetic coil, for |
stamps, errs, ool ogist supplies.

eapolis, Minn. °

EXCHANGE your U. ee Same for first class a Nov..

rare eggs, at catalogue prices for each. The |
following for stamps- Marsh Hawk 1-5; Prairie
Hen, 1-12 and 1-11; Red-tail Hawk 1-3; King Rail
1-10; Fish Crow 1-3; Bewick’s Wren 1-7; Tufted
Titmouse 1-6; Am. Golden Plover 1-4; Killdeer

1-4 and 1-3; Swainson’s Hawk 1-4; Golden-wing-

ed Warbler 1-4. Have many common eggs as
well. Let me hear from you. O. W. BRIGGS,
Paw Paw, Tilinois. A

FOR EXCHANGE.—The following ist class

skins With full data, mostly in pairs—i.e male]

and female. A. O, U. Nos. 652, 654, 655, 659,
660, 661, 667, 681, 687, 657,510, 511. 514, Opa, 522, 528,

536, 585, 608. 611, 612. 616, 619, 205, 728, 748, 749, 481

4741, 474, 467, 466a,, 452. 453, 43, 413, 412, 407, "402,
400, 290, 366, 360, 339, 333, 331, 394, 209, 289, 221, 210,
190, 165, 166, 167, 122, 123b, 7,71. 248, 402,
728, 506, 505, 494, 204, 231.

era, Shot gun, 22’ cal. rifle.
Only reliable parties need write. -
ence with working Ornithologists desired.

Dr. A. G. PRILL, Springville, Erie Co., N. Y.

Books on Botany, Geology: or any branch of |

TO EXCHANGE.—Mounted — Spoctinon cae c
Bie wae Ge for mounted birds and skins.

err ae :

JAMES McCRACKEN * 1451 Noble: pve North |

TO EXCHANGE. —547 aes Besse pic- (

B.}
Yer, BORGHOLTHAUS, 13 Florence Court, — Rs
vs i | March, ’89, Direction

405, 727,
254, 255, '373¢, 131 and
Mongolian Pheasant. Desire in return, Eggs |
in sets with data, Books on Ornithology, Cam-
What have you?|
Correspond- Ms

T have a ae cop: é
work left and will :
as the supply an

ORLY
he oe

‘The following No’s.
Ses yore to; AG

pany” 2

Mammal Skin.’

°89, Complete I
prices of eggs, als
instruction.

Feb., 790, Complete. List f N,
prices of their skin

Feb., "91 vA complete de ation
numbers of fhe Youn
‘GIST With price per emDy,
Index of Vol. VII
Any of the above OoLo06

post paid for dcts. or t
Lbets. Address

HUMPHREYS’ '
oes have jousandl

Te

THE OOLOGIST. 233

Including Sample Books, Noy- 5:
mm elties, Pictures, Magazines, Let-&
ea ters, Papers, etc., each with yours,
address boldly printed on each
§ Wrapper. You will receive ‘more
choice reading and heaviest mail
of any oneatyourtown. We will»
also insert your address for twelve 8
months in our @uaranteed Direc- o
m tory, that goes whirling daily to™
Manufacturers and Publishers all fj
B over the world; and 500 of your boldly 4
printed and Gummed addresses, in two

‘ aaa) colors, for your personal use to stick ond
ae letters, books, etc.; also Lum Smith's 16-page Heraup,

2 months (regular price alone 50 cents). All free and post- o

id to you. Send your address to-day ona postal to

UMMED ADDRESS CO.,126 S. 8th St., Phila., Pa.?

I}SIQ 1BpNosIO

ADDRESS US A POSTAL CARD TO-DAY,

Scientific American _
Agency for

CAVEATS,
TRADE MARKS,
DESICN PATENTS
COPYRICHTS, etc.

Yor information and free Handbook write to
MUNN & CO., 361 BROADWAY, NEW YORK.
Oldest bureau for securing patents in America.

ery patent taken out by us is brought before
the public by a notice given free of charge in the

Srientitic American

Largest circulation of any scientific paper in the
world. Splendidly illustrated. No intelligent
Tan should be without it. Weekly, $3.00,°
“gar; $1.50 six months. Address MUNN & C
BLISHERS, 361 Broadway, New York.

PATENTS

For INVENTORS. 4(-page BOOK FREE. Address
W T. Fitzgerald, Attorney at Law, WashingtonD.C.

ORANGE MAS
GAN FRANCIS¢p
eee

GNEW HOME SEWING MACHITE CO
fences, curso)

E. W. WILCOX, ALBION,N. Y-

BRIDLED TERN EGGS.

In April ?90 OOLOGIST, Wwe published the fol-
lowing notice: :

Collectors uaving eggs of Bridled Tern that
they obtained direct from me, will please keep
the same in their posession until a question
which has recently arisen, can be settled.

My collector on the Bahamas was a man of
experience. and old army captain, and who, for
the past dozen years, has spent from six to nine
months annually in active field work. In ’88
and ’89 he brought home from the Bahamas
several skins of the Bridled Tern and a few eggs
which he postively identified as coming from
the same species. That my collector is honest
in his belief in the identity of the eggs, is un- -
questionable. but one of the best, if not the
very best Oologists in the United States—or
the world for that matter—writes me that they
are not the eggs of the Bridled Tern.

My colleetor is now in Central America some-
where and this matter cannot be straightened
until his retern which is not expected until
July,

W hile I shall refuse to fill orders for eggs of
this Species until his return. I shall also reiuse
to redeem any of the eggs that I have sold for
that species during the past eighteen months
until the matter can be straightened. Should
it be decided that the eggs are genuine, or
should it be decided otherwise,: notice will be
given in the OoLoGisr and I shall straighten
the matter to my patrons’ entire satisfaction.”

The eggs have proved to be those of some
other species, but we now have, however, a
stock of genuine Bridied’s and our patrons hay-
ing the spurious specimens obtained directly
from us can return the same and we will send a
genuine specimen by next mail.

Faithfuliy,
FRANK H. LATTIN.

Carr’s Natural History and Bird Stores,

Taxidermy, Bird Skins and Eggs, Shells,
Curios, Minerals, Fossils, Indian Relics and
Naturalists’ Supplies;Singing and Fancy Birds,
zaline Parrots, Goldfish and Aquarium

tock.

New Catalogue will be out in Oct.—’90 Cata-
logues exhausted.

Cc. F. CARR,

| Jeti Madison, Wis.

284

THH OOLOGIST.

BARGAIN NO. 2. |

In putting up a lot of Marvelous Collections,
we had over 400 wrapped and labelled |
specimens left. some 40 different varietées,
which retail at from f to 10¢ each.

The First $2 Bill
takes the lot by express, or by mail prepaid 50c |
additional.
PRANK H.LATTIN,
ALBION, N.Y. j

WM. G. SMITH,

—COLLECTOR OF—

Birds, Mammals and Egéss,
LOVELAND, COLORADO.

I make a specialty of mailing birds same day
as Skinned, or sent in the flesh after subjecting
them to a preservative preparation. Enclose
stamp for Price List. :

400 vartevies or sranps $4.09

Duplicates can be returned.

AN UNUSUAL OFFER

W. PF. GRRANY,

827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL.
Catalogue for stamp.

)

Rare Galifornia Views.

Enclose stamp for catalogue. Sumvple of
views Wiil be sent upon receipt of 25 cents.

California Art Gallery, Santa Rosa, Gal.

4 choic= apecimen of anything on this hat will be ecpt pest-paid for 5 C208. or we wil ene
the entire collection, 45 eprcimena, packed in a neat wooden box post-paid FOR OFE IOS CHS,
No. 1 Resurrection Plant, Mex. 29 Alligator Tooth, Indian River, Fla.

80 Crinoid Stem, Cumberland Hirer, Te

3 26 var. Fore 81 Curio 8: 6, Bahamas

4 Ban Shell, N 82 Pairitied Weck, Sonoma Co., Cale
8 Starfish, Capo 83 ““Flostrio” Btono, Jo. Oo., N. ¥.
6 Bark from $4 Send Shark Egz, Atlaniio

zk-Tree, Spai
Bork, Mariposa, Gala.
8 Band Dolivr, Cazco Bey, Ma
9 Chines Cain
nell, W.

T “Big Tree’ £5 Flexible Corel (SveKtes), Tonga Inkee
86 Limpet, Bahamas %
87 Bico2ytovth Sball, Neasrs |

10 Tnak St Geren 33 Fossil Shark Tooth, 3. Cc,

ey Orgonp ral, Bivgepozp 29 Opersalum or Shell Door, Bahamas

12 Oyorea lynn, Aiegapors 40 Native Lodestone, Mucnet Cove, Ark
13 Cypres helcola, Amboizg 41 Olivo Shell, Zonsidar

14 Oupraa Arubrica, B. I. 43 6 Guinca Peas, Bahemas

15 Red Sea Bean, Babames #3 Piece of Loofsh, Japan

16 Grey Sea Hea, Nezau, Babearea 44 2 Egg Ca) of Perieri Adentin
17 Brown-bandsd Bea Beas, Bakes 45 Pisco of Tapa Cloth, made by the N&
18 Bcrew Bholl, China tives of Samoan Isloa

19 Branch Coral, Behermng
20 Arrowhead, Oranga Go., Indiana
21 Acorn Barnacle, Pacilio
$2 Rose Coral, Bahar

— FUT UP axD Pon aire wT—

FRANK H. LATTIM,
Publisher of “THE OOLOGIST?®

4 Qenstz Crpital, Hot Springs, Ark. Wholesals ond Retasl Dealer in

ee ae Urokin, Atlentio Specimens, ‘nsirumente, Supplics aug
having fom a Matecr, Coahnils, N. Ml. eee aan

BB Money Cove Onilon, aalls NM. |" Pudlloations for the’ Naturalist,

Albion, RM. Y.
(7SeKD 2c eras roz Comrumra Laer

27 Pink Cori, Caroline Ialea
28 Indian Pottery, Orleana Co., N. Y.

pPreciste its merits. The specimens at retail prices amount to over $2.
We will send the ontire Collection by return mail, each specimen Inbel- FC
* pnd wrepped soparately, saja delivery and satisfaction guaranteed, for ORLY 65 cry
Acdrezs plainly, PRAWE W LATTIN, ALBION. W. ¥. aan

Davies Nests and Eggs

OF-

NCn7H AMERICAN BIRDS,

Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with an
Introduction by J.. Parker Norris, and Full
Page Illustrations of Nests, ete. by
Theodore Jasper, A. M., M.D.,
and W. Otto Emerson.

This work is descriptive of the Nests and Eggs
of the Land and Water Birds of North America,
which imcludes all the species known to exist—
those that occur or are indigenous north of the
Southern United States boundary, including
Greenland and the peninsula of Lower California,

The breeding range of each species is given,
the time of nesting, the exact number of eggs
laid, their color and size together with the chieij
characteristics of the birds.

The arrangement of the work is according to
the new nomeuclature of the A. O. U. Code ang
Check List, and the old numbers (Ridgeway’s),
as used in former editions, are piaced to the
right of each species. Throughout the text ali
the common names ofthe birds are to be found,
one @& COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX Of these ig

ven.

An invaluable book asan aid for the identifi-
catley of specimens to all those collecting in the

eld.

The work consists of 475 pages and 13 full pags
Ulustrations.

Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth, $1.7§.

“ FRANK H. LATTIN,
Sele Wholesale Agent,

Albion, N. ¥,
SPECIAL.

MWe have just received from the
bindery 50 copies of “Davie’s”
bound tin flexible cloth covers. As
long asthey last we will Sénd them

ce

Orleans Co.

; to Gur patrons for $1.40 per copy.

X-Mas Present

With every order of Ge or over re-

ceived between the dates of Dec. 24th

|

and Jan 6th., we wrap an X-mas gift
worth af lens ten per cént of amount
sent.

FRANK HH. LATIN

allot # OOLOGIST

VOL. VILI.

ALBION, N. Y., DEC, 1891.

No. 12

The Sharp-shinned Hawk.

Little has been said through the col-
umns of the OoLoGiIstT about this little
compound of pluck and ferocity; is it
because of its scarcity ? or is it because |
it is not deemed, worth the space. Now
this bird is to me one of the most inter-
esting of the Falconide; itself satisfied
dash alone being enough to bring it in-
to prominence. Although it is a bird
that is fond of the seclusion of deep
woods; it is perfectly at home in the
town; several times I have seen one of,
them skimming laboriously over the
ground, with a thrush nearly its own
size in its talons,and this too in the city
streets.

As I look over my collection, I see
two small but beautiful eggs, the bold
chocolate marking agreeing weil with
the character of the author of this being
Well do I remember that day when
crossing a dense swamp, the quick, de-
cided flight of the Sharp-shinned Hawk
caught my eye, and through the bush
and over failen logs I followed that
bird.

As as the hawk was aware of being
followed, it became excited and drop-
ped the bird it was carrying, and perch-
ed upon a high limb of a dead tree and
scowled at us fiercely.

Soon after we found the nest not far
up in a large pine tree, and I commen-
ced the ascent with the execrations of
the hawk and his mate who had flown
from the fnest, delivered rapidly-in a
high and shrill key. Now and then he}
would vary the proceedings by making
a bold swoop at the intruder, every
time feigning to miss the mark by a
few feet, and fllying into a neighboring
tree to watch the effect, and then when
IT reached the top of the perilous climb,
and put my hand into the nest I found

:

“* * * simply nothing,
Not a single thing in it,
Not even an egg-shell,—
No, nothing at all.”

A few days after, | retur ned to the
nest with two spotted hens eggs with
which to replace any hawk’s egos I
might find. The two eggs I did find
were altogether unlike, in size or mark-
ings, the eggs I brought. The birds
were meanwhile more excited than be-
fore and often passed so near me that
I could feel the rush of their wings.

What an ecstacy of delight is that of
the young collector securing his first
set, how well do I remember the excite-
ment of that moment, the hurried ques-
tions, the snail-like pace to the nest all
heightened by the quick sharp chirps of
the birds, and still, whenever I look
over my collection and see the two brown
and drab beauties my mind reverts
to that scene in the bush: the tall stately
pine, the beautiful and pure white trel-
liums; and the beautiful birds dashing
and screaming around my head.

Although the label in the tray prosa-
ically says:

Fam. Faleonide,
Genus, Accipiter.
332 A. velox (Wiils.)
Sharp-shinned Hawk,

My memory thinks only of the beauti-
ful and poetical. Truly it can be said
of the oologist what Bryant says

the evening wind :—

to

“Pleasant shall be thy w ay W here meek

Cis ~

ly bows

The shutting flower, and darkling
waters pass,

And where the o’er-shadowing branches

sweep the grass.”
W.H. McNairy,

Toronto, Ont.

236

A White Grow.’

THE OOLOGIST.

| That if was an Albino Crow, I would
be willing to stake almost anything up-

I noticed in November Ootogisr anj on it, his manner of flight, size, actions,

article headed, ‘Albino Birds.’‘
I wish to speak about such birds. as
these.

On the 27th of November, 1891, my
brother and I went hunting for ducks
at Pequot Lake, which is situated about
eight miles from this city. Well we
arrived there and were walking along
the shore of the Lake, when we heard
an awful cawing, as though the whole
ereation of crows were assembled to-
gether and seemingly trying to outdo
every sound.

While trying to approach the crows,
I started them allon the wing, -about
two hundred strong.

But what should -I perceive among
the whole troop—a white bird wheeling
and keeping right in their midst.

The thought flashed through my
mind, could the white bird be a Albino
Crow, impossible.

I again slowly approach the place
where they had alighted in a large field
*when most of the crows again took
flight, but several of them, perhaps
fifty, settled on an old rail fence, aad
among them the white bird, which
alighted on one of the top rails.

We stood and watched the white bird
two or three minutes, the shape of its
body, pose,etv. making sure that it was,
without boubt, an Albino Crow. . I am
also quite sure that I distinguished its
ery from among the others, it seemed
more harsh and gutteral.

IT again, for the third time, advanced;
my eyes seemed growing bigger and
bigger, and a firmer grip of the gun did
IT take, as I neared, step by step, to the
diamond among the setting of coals.’

The black crows, one after another
flew away. Could it be possible that I
should get within range? But, alas, he
flew, but had the eredit of being one of
the last todo so. I watched him fly
away towards the North with his fellow
but black brethren.

Now | and the immaculate white that clothed

his corvus body.

There isa taxidermist who resides in
this city who has a mounted Albino
Blue-Jay, and also an Albino Bank
Swallow; and another friend of mine
has in his possession a finely mounted
Albino Gray Squirrel.

ALBERT N. ROBERTS,
Holyoke, Mass.

The Pileated Woodpecker.

During my career as a naturalist and
reader of scientific papers, I have
not noticed a single article on this
grand species.

The Ivory-billed is some larger and
more scaree, but it cannot be more in-
teresting than the Pileated, which Doe-
tor Coues says is rare. It is quite com-
mon here, and is heard more than any
other species.

They are very wary birds and if once
they see you, it is useless to pursue
them with a view to getting a shot at
them. They are very fond of picking
in rotten logs or stumps in search of
ants and other insects which inhabit
such places, and. can often be taken
while thus engaged.

I have often heard father and mother
tellhow tame these birds used to be
when Eastern Indiana was new. When
father was a boy he used to kill them
with a stick, by striking around the
stump on which they -were at work.
Mother has caught many a one in her
sun bonnet by slipping up to the stump
on the vpposite side from the bird, and
when he would put his head into some
hole or crevice in search of ants or
worms, would quickly put her bonnet
over him.

Here, during the fall months they
feed a great deal on wild grapes and
berries of the Black Gum, and later on

THE OOLOGIST.

237

the Dogwood berries. I have a fine,

pair mounted in my collection, one of
which was shota few daysago by my
husband, the other by myself.

It is almost impossible to get a shot
at them unless they are feeding.

A few mornings ago I heard an un-
usual commotion in some trees near
the house, and went to see what it was
all abont. It proved to bea Sparrow
Hawk trying to catch a Golden-winged
Woodpecker for his breakfast. Soon
another Goiden-winged put in appear-
ance, and ina few minutesa Pileated
came to the rescue. He would swoop
down on the hawk from his elevated
position in some tall tree, and drive it
sereaming away. He would then return
tohis chosen position uttering his loud
metalic ery, and await the coming of
the hawk. They kept up the battle till
the hawk seemed completely tired out,
and gave up in despair.

They utter but one note, so far as I
have been able to discover. This is a
a series of ewk, cuk,cuwk, with each letter
sounded,thus cuk (short), repeated many
times in succession, with a variation in
pitch of vcice and rapidity. The note
somewhat resembles that of the Golden-
winged Woodpecker, though it is much
louder and more metalic.

The towering top of some dead pine
furnishes a good “lookout,” and from
these the males keep watch in the morn-
ing hours uttering their peculiar note
and making the hills for miles around
resound with their ‘‘music.”

There are Tailor-birds, Oven-birds
and Masons, and the Woodpecker is

truely a carpenter. He shapes his home’

to suit his taste, the entrance being
made with the precision of a compass.
He is not a “jack of all trades,” but
works only in wood, and often in live
hard timber, making large excavations
which are sometimes three feet deep.
The eggs are placed at the bottom of
these excavations, the complement be-
ing from three to six,(generally three or |

four), crystal white eggs, small for so
large a bird; size about 1x1.25.

The adult is about 18 inches in length
color, black, with a narrow white stripe
above the eye; a wider one from the
nost1il feathers (inclusive), under the
eye and along the side of the head and
neck.

The chin is white,tinged with sulphur-
yellow. Entire crown from the base of
the bill, with a well developed occipital
crest, bright scarlet. Cheek patches of
the same. !

The female and young male lacks the
red on the cheek, and the anterior halt
of the top of the head is rep'aced by
black.

These birds inhabit North America,
from the Atlantie to the Pacific. in tim-
bered districts, but seem to shun civil-
ization; for,as a country becomes thick-
ly.settled they all disappear,

I took a set of four fresh eggs this
season from a large dead white oak tree
three of which were average sized eggs,
and the fourth not more than half as
large and almost spherical.

Mrs. LILuiE PLEAS,
Clinton, Ark.

Russet-backed Thrush.

758. Turdus ustualtus (NUTT.)
Hab.—Pacifie Coast Region of North

America.

This bird is a common resident of
Linn county, Oregon, during the breed-
ing season, and can be found in the low
shrubery along the many small moun-
tain streams, at any time during the
nesting season. Durirg the morning

No.

and afternoon the birds are generally

silent, but in the evening twilight, ite
song rings forth and fil’s the hills and
valleys with its joyous melody. The
bird is generally perched upon some
small bush, head erect and thrown back
while singing. At these times one can
approach within a short distance, with-

238

THE OOLOGIST. ?

out the bird showing the least fear, but

during the day it is different, one can
hardly approach within gun-shot dis-

tance in the thick bushes, for the bird is

constantly in
bush to bush.

It sings far into the night as J have
often heard it as late as eleven o’clock.
The alarm note of the bird is, chuck!
chuck | !

The nest is built in some low bush
not over six feet high, generally, and is
made of grass, roots, leaves and twigs;
sometimes moss. One nest has come

motion, moving from

under my observation made entirely of

yellowish green moss, which was not
dry but perfectly fresh. It was a beau-
tiful nest, and very compact.

-It was placed directly over a large

mountain stream and only about 14 feet

above the surface of the water. It was
in a fir bush and contained four beauti-
fully Ma. neu egys. ney ar> > a green-
ish blue ground °-‘s , spotted with

shades of brow. chiefly at the larger

end, except one which was generally
spotted over the entire surface.

It commences to build about May Ist,
and fresh eggs can be obtained about
the 15th to June Ist,

Their average size is about .96x.67.

Dr.iA. G. PRILL.

How Mr. M. Eceps his Oological Treasures.

I have seen a number of articles on
cabinets for birds eggs, but I have never
seen one [liked as my own, sol will
give it to the readers of the OoLoaistT.

You all know that light must be kept
away from the eggs, and mine is plan-
ned for that purpose.

My case is made of pine, but I would
have cedar if I had another made as it
is something of a moth preventative.

It is six feet in heighth and 42 inches
in width, and with a depth of 18 inches
it contains 16 drawers, in two rows;
ranging in depth from 24to4 inches
deep. This leaves room below the

drawers for several shelves for books,
tools, ete.

This is not a very expensive case and
and it will hold an immense number of
eggs.

I would not have bird skins in the
same case with eggs.

I line the bottom of the drawers with
cotton wadding or cotton flannel—
white.

I keep each set of eggs in a separate
tray made from black card board. Do
not use white card board, as I have
heard that the arsenic in it was injur-
ious to the shell.

The eggs certainly look better ina
black box and when this is placed on
the white bottom of the drawer, you
have some thing you can take pride in
looking at.

I cut a piece of wadding just the size
of the tray to lay under the eggs.

I use Lattin’s datas in book form
numbering first book from 1 to 100, the
second from 101 to 200 and so on.

In the tray with each set I put a slip
of paper. Tags of various kinds or as
I do insect labels, and on them I put
the number of the species, set mark
and a number to correspond to the data
in my books. In this way I can tell in
a moment all I want to know about a
set and it is by far the easiest way I
know to keep track of a collection.

I do not believe this method can be
improved.

I make my own trays because I can
do it better than any manufacturer and
I can have any size.

I tuke a piece of board about $ inch
thick and cut a hole in it the size I
want atray and then make blocks to
fill it, and a lot of small wedges. I
make one of these for each size of tray I
want. I take my ecard board and cut it
the right size. I have them # inch deep
and score it with a knife % inch from
and then cut in at the end with shears
so the Jap will come at the end, break
them well at the score marks, put mu-

THE OOLOGIST.

239

: wit eee

‘cilage on the flap, and place them in
the forms, wedge them in and let them
dry. When I take them out I trim the
edges. If you do not break them well
they will bow out of shape as the ones
‘you buy.
A. C. MuRCHISON,
Kewanee, Illinois.

Thanksgiving Notes from the Far Weat.

To-day being Thanksgiving Das, 1
have sometime to myself,so take a walk
to the suburbs of the city to study bird
life. Although the winter season is
near at hand, the weather so far has
heen very mild, and therefore there are
‘tare but few winter visitors with us; on
the other hand there are several sum-
mer species still here that even up for
the absence of the winter birds.

To-day bird life seems abundant. The
first species noted is a Western Winter
Wren, skipping about in our hedge.
Next comes a Ruby Crowned Kinglet
with its scolding note; it stops a mo-
ment, then goes on, and is soon out ot
sight. The familiar note of the Wes-
tern Blue-bird is now heard and upon
lookiug upward we see three of them,
and as many Oregon Juncos flying afte:
them. They fly at one another jor some
time as if psayurr cag, the Juncos get-
ting the best ofit. A littlefarther on
We come to a Mountain Ash tree full of
ved berries and among them are four
California Purple Fiuches eating the
berries. They prefer the ones that are
‘decayed and only eat the small seeds
inside the berry. Ina neighboring tree
‘are a. number of Western Robins. They
are more greedy and swallow the ber-
whole. Both species seem to be quite
tame, allowing me to stand within four
feet of them, but perhaps it is the ber-
ries they are interested in. As we con-
tinue our walk we hear on either side,
the song of the Rusty Song Sparrow.
Its song is pleasing and no doubt simi-
dar to its Eastern cousins. Our atten-

lion is now attracted by the harsh ery
of the California Blue Jay; close behind
is its mate. We are still in the city
and it seems odd to see a Jay here.
Another bird that comes under our no-
tice is the Oregon Towhee. It too, looks
out of place in the city for like others
of the genus, P7pilo, it delights in being
in thick brush where it may be heard
scratching noisily among the fallen
leaves for insects.

As we near the woods we meet with
the Oregon Junco, California Purple
Finch, Myrtie and Audubon’s Warbler,
(winter plumage) and the Rusty Song
Sparrow in large numbers,and in a tree
not far away is seen the Oregon Chicka-
dee feeding.

Itis now nearing dinner time so I
must return home and help devour
Meleagris domesticus. I wish the editor
and readers of the OoLoatsr could join
you.

You can imagine what a friendly
hand-shaking two thousand Ornitholo-
gists and and Oologists could have.

ULYDE L. KELLER,
Salem, Oregon.
Nov. 26, 91.

The Blue-gray Gnat-catcher in Arkansas.

One of our most interesting summer
residents is this little specimen of
bird lite. It arrives here about the
twenty-fifth of March. From the top
of some tall tree we are first made
aware of his presence, by the shrill,
wiry notes which he is accustomed tu
utter during the live-long day, as he
flits in and out among the branches in
tireless pursuit of insects. Nota eraek
or crevice of the tree escapes his keen
scrutiny. At such times he seems to be
all hurry and bustle, as though the
work ofa life time must be erowded
into a few short days:

As the warm days advance his whole
nature seems to undergo a change. We
no longer hear those shrill notes, but

240

THE OOLOGIST.

S—S—— sss

are regaled with the sweetest, tenderest
music. This is so low, that to apprec-
late its effect, the listener must be but
a short distant from the tree in which
our modest vocalist is busily engaged.
He like many of his kin dislike notor-
iety. He does not seek the bare
branches of some tall tree, and thrill
the air of the surrounding wood with
ear-splitting utterances, but as he pours
forth his subdued song while hid away
in the leafy shelter of some gnarled oak
the severest critic could scarcely fail to
assign him a high place among the
feathered choir.
The selection of a home-spot soon
claims their attention. In the river
bottom, the sweet gum seems to be the
kind of tree nearly always chosen, while
here on the mountains they usually
build in the white oaks. They prefer
trees whose branches are rough and
lichen clad, although I have known of
one nest being taken from the top of a
small pine sapling about twelve feet
high. ‘Lhe height at which these nests
are placed varies with the locality. In
some places they are seldom found
above ten feet, but in the majority of
cases, this limit is exceeded and the
height of 50 and even 60 feet are reach-
ed. There is little variation in the form
noticeable, their shape being generally
that of a truncated cone. The position
too is quite uniform. Most of them are
placed on strong branches, both up-
right and horizontal, to which they are
_ingeniously woven. They are’ so
securely fastened that to dislodge one
is a matter of no small difficulty. By a
wise provision of instinet their contents
are insured against accident. Not so
much by the depth of the cavity, as by
the purse like contraction of the rim.
Few structures of bird architecture are
are more beautiful than the home of
this little Gnateatcher. Its walls are of
felt, closely and compactly woven of
the slender stems of grasses, thistle-
‘down, spider webs and fine vegetable

fibers. With alove for the beautiful,
our little architect must go further ang&
invest the exterior in a coat of bluish
gray lichens which serves. the two-fold
purpose of ornamentation and protee-
tion both from the weather and dis-
covery. The nest tooks so much like 2
natural excresence that only the ex-
perienced eye can detect the difference.
The nest seems rather buiky compared:
with the tiny builders, who measure.
but four and three-tenths inches in
leugth. :

Having completed their home, from
four to six eggs are deposited in as.
many days. Incubation begins at once.
and lasts fourteen days. This is as.
much the work of one sex as the other.
But a single brood is raised each year.
The eggs are oval in form and slightiy-
pointed. In ground color they are
white, spotted and blotched with red-
dish brown, slate and lilac. Cabinet.
specimens some times show a faint
bluish or greenish white tint. The
average dimensions are .59 by .48inches,
My husband found a nest in a sweet.
gum, which was not quite completed.
He watched them for some time, as they
worked away at their little home. He.
went back in two weeks to get it, but
found it gone. The question now
arises—did they remove it to safer quar-~
ters? for nota vestige of it was left.
If it had been destroyed by other birds,
some of thé fibers with which it was,
securely fastened to the limb would
surely have been left, but not even a
spiders web remained.

Mrs. LILLie PLEAS,
Clinton, Ark.

Lnwdiee

Shall we Organize!

This is the one great problem which
agitates the mind of the student of sci-
ence to-day.

We all feel that organization is neces-
sary, and, once itis accomplished the.
difficulties of scientific research will

THE OOLOGIST.

241

gradually melt away as the dew before
the morning sun.

I would suggest that the Oologists
and Ornithologists of each state unite
and form an association for the edifica-
tion of professionals and amateurs.

Local organizations should also be
encouraged.

Each association should own a muse-
um and library.

By this means we would become bet-
ter acquainted with the scientific re-
sources of our several states and
localities as well as with each other.

The benefit to be derived from such
an organization cannot be appreciated.
Yet I sincerely hope that before the
sun of another snmmer; we may be
united and working for the advance-

ment of Oology Ornithology, the most.

pleasant of scientific studies.
R.—Michigan.

I was rather surprised at the contents
of the article by Mr. Brotherton, in the
last issue of the OoLoGIstT, on a gener-
al association scientists. I was not
aware before that they made themselves
so liable to the law.

I deprecate cruelty and waste very
much, but I think such persons as devo-
tees and students of science, should be
protected, and agree with him, in advo-

Gating a genoral association of scientists

I am a disciple of the doctrine of
protection from eruelty, &c. The fol-
lowing examples will help to illustrate
The Great Auk is thought to he extinct,
the Kider Duck has greatly diminished
in numbers. The Buffalo has almost
gone, the Whale has, and the Seal is
suffering &c., and allowing to the right
and left slaying of man; but as I said, I
unite with Mr. Brotherton in a eall for
protection to, and aid in their pursuits,
to followers of science by association.

“In union there is strength.”

Wm. BineHurst, M. D.
Philadelphia, Pa.

In the valuable article by Mr. L. O.
Dart in October OoLoeist, the last
three lines should “dwt what we might
gain etc,’’ read instead of ‘‘not &e.”

Nighthawks and Whip-poor-wills.

I had thought until this year that
Nighthawks and Whip-poor-wills had
also left us, not to return again, for
years had passed since I had seen them.
But this year the Whip-poor-will has
reappeared in eastern Oakland Co.,
Mich., few to be sure. During a recent
trip through southern Lapeer Co. I
found both Nighthawks and W hip-poor-
wills fairly abundant.

WILFRED A. BROTHERTON.

Bird Nesting in November.

November 7, 1891.

While out hunting squirrel to-day, I
had an occasion to pass through a low
swampy tract of ground, overgrown
with willow and thorn-apple trees.

Near the center stood an extra large
thorn-apple tree, which was conspicu-
ous and in passing by, I noticed a nest
of the Cuckoo, my curiosity lead me to
examine it, and I was somewhat sur-
prised to find thatit contained two eggs
of the Cuckoo (Yellow-billed without a
doubt.)

The nest was well preserved, and
made of twigs, leaves and a little mud.
The eggs had not been incubated nei-
ther were they rotten. ‘The contents
seemed to have evaporated about 4, the
remainder being of the consistency of
the yolk of an egg.

Question. .

What could probably have been the
reason for the birds deserting this nest?

Crows and Jays are abundant, but
did not molest it.

Has anyone a record of a similar oc-:
currance ?

Dr. A. G. PREEL,

242

_ THE OOLOGIST.

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We have decided that in the future
that any person using the columns of the
OoLoaisT either for exchange or adver-
tising purposes or as a writer of articles
appearing on its pages who, if we are
Satisfied, has in a single instance
purposely defrauded or cheated any of
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in our office—to cancel all exchange or
advertising coupons in his possession
and to forever debar his name from ap-
pearing in columns of the OoLogist
among those of honest dealers and col-
lectors. Weshall also print a ‘“‘black-
list” in the OOLOGIST of what we have
positive proof are the greatest rogues
and to head this role of dishonor we
must warn our patrons to have nothing
to do with one Wm. Purdy, alias Nor-
man King, alias Chas. Norman of Aly-
mer West, Ontario, Canada.

We are also looking up the cases of
several other parties—three in Iowa,
one in Maine, one in North Carolina,
and others and regret that we may be
obliged to publish a few of them at
least, in Jan. OOLOGIST,

——___—__+ > ______—_
A Further Contribution to the Chewink
Controversy.

The Chewink is not very rare in this
locality, and has been observed by me
abundantly in the. first and second
weeks in May. They then frequent
high dry woods where shrubbery is
plenty. The Chewink is very shy and
only a very close observer can trace
them. I was out in the country yester-
day, and tomy astonishment received
from afarmer’s boy three eggs of the

THE OOLOGIST. 243

Chewink, which he had taken for me
on or about the Ist of August. He took
me to the spot where he had found the
nest. It was built about one foot from
the ground in thickly leafed but very
thin twigged beech shrubs. The nest was
similar to that of the Wilson’s ‘Thrush
consisting outside of leaves and inside
of hair, which were perhaps taken from
a pasture close by. This shows I think,
beyond any doubt that they breed un-
der favorable circumstances, twice a
year. O. REINECKE.
Sept. 14, ’91. Buffalo, N. Y.

One Day’s Tramp.

Well everything is ready so will go to
bed. Lets see, set my clock at twenty
minutes of four. Wake up at 3:10 and
get up to see what time itis. Can’t go
to sleep again, so dress. Raining of
course. Don’t care, I will go anyway. So
get my breakfast and start. Have pret-
ty good load: Gun, lunch, egg-box,
rope and hatchet to get those King-
fishers eggs and climbers to get Great
Blue Heron eggs. Get down there
about 7a.m.,and go to work at King-
fishers hole. Work about half hour in
mud and give it upas a bad job. Goon
can’t find those Herons nests to save
me. Meet an old hunter who lives in a
cabin on the bottoms, and we have
quite a talk about our friends, the birds.
Shows me bank of petrified moss, the
first 'd ever secn, and a spring in high
bank called Coffin Spring. An opening
in bank about one and one-half foot
long by two and one-half foot wide that
extends back about eight feet and con-
tains some of the finest water in the
country. He says that the water never
freezes in winter, and all the birds that
stay come and drink there. He’s shot
fine specimens for the naturalists in
town. Have to go there myself next
winter. I ask him about the herony
and he says he will walk over there with
me. So we start through the woods

the water up to our knees in some
places, and pretty soon came to some
monster cottonwoods in which we see
some large nests about size of bushel
basket. Ishoot up and up flies about a
dozen Herons and sail majestically
around and soon alight again. But we
see that the nests have other tenants
than the old birds for out of every bless-
ed nest comes two or three thin necks.
Then all.at once we are aware of some
disturbance, a pair of turkey buzzards
swoop down and try to carry off the
fledglings, but the old Herons makea
good fight, and soon put the buzzards
to flight. Find several nests of Che-
winks and Warblers, but got no Herons
eggs. So after an hours pleasant tramp
with my newly made friend, I leave
him, and turn my steps toward home.

It has stopped raining now and I see
a great many Warbiers, Vireo, Gros-
beaks and one Bittern, a pair of Cardi-
nals whose nest I try to find, but fail,
Mudhens, snipe, crows and asI near
the city largenumbers of English Spar-
rows around the factories. In all T
think I have covered about twenty
miles and am pretty tired when I get
home at 3:30 p.m., and although I have
not hada very profitable day, it has
proved a very pleasant one.

A. G. POTTER,
Omaha, Neb.

The Nest of the Chestnut-sided Warbler.

While out collecting on June 1891 I
entered a ‘small piece of land thickly
covered with small bnshes. Out of
these I started a small bird which I rec-
ognized as the Chestnut-sided Warbler.
I quickly looked in the bush, and found
a little nest composed of grass, fibres,
and bark, and lined with feathers, and
hair. The eggs were four in number,
averaging .69 x .50, and of a creamy
white color, spotted with lilac, brown,
and umber chiefly at the larger end.
The next was situated about two feet

244

THE OOLOGIST.

from the ground. This bird is nota
very common breeder here, according
to my five years experience. It gener-
ally arrives here in the first week in
May, and departs early in September.
It has a very pleasing lively song some
thing like a whistle. The Chestnut-
sided Warbler can generally be found
in open dry woods with open spots in
which bushes and small trees can be
found, The Cow-bird frequently uses
the birds nests as a situation for its eggs.
It is socially inclined, and is often seen
in company with other Warblers.
B. H. SWALES,
Detroit, Mich.

The Gulls.

Among the typical and familiar birds,
we must not fail to remember the Gulls.
Whether we consider their general dis-
tribution, their numbers, their varie-
ty, their great beauty or their useful-
ness, as scavengers, from | every
point of view, they are important
and interesting to the ornithologist.
Seen on the water, so light and
buoyant from their excess of downy
feathers, that they float almost like
a bunch of cotton, and with a foot
most admirably adapted to swimming,
we pronounce these ideals among swim-
ming birds. Seen in the air, moving
their wings with the steady ease and
gracefulness of a Hawk or a raven, and
sailing majestically as a Buzzard or an
Eagle, we are ready to accord them the
highest perfection in flight. The large
strong bill, much compressed, with well
rounded culmen bracing it above and
gonys strengthening it beneath, would
seem to bg @f general rather than spec-
ial adaptation. In accordance with
this fact, we find that its bill of fare is
somewhat varied, almost anything to
be found in and about the sea and bod-
ies of water in general.

The Ring-billed Gull, Larus delawaren-
sis, is a species not so well known in

all respects is some others, and we will
therefore give a brief account of it.
The Common or Herring Gull,is so well
known, that it will serve as a good
starting point, to say that delawarensis,
is almost like it, except that itis notici-
bly smaller,that is to a critical observer,
for one untrained in observation might
searcely note the. difference, whereas,
the Common Gulls, Larus argentatus, is
two feet or more in length and some
four feet and a half in stretch of wings.
The Ring-bill is some eighteen or twen-
ty inches in length and about four feet
in extent. The latter has also very
nearly the same distribution in Eastern
North America as the former. When
we have the bird in hand, we notice a
strongly marked difference between the
two species in respect to the feet. The
bill of the argentatus is plain yellow
with ared mark on the gonys that of
the delawarensis is greenish yellow at
the base, followed by a broad band of
black encircling it at the gonys, while
the tip is bright chrome. The feet of
the former are a pale pink of flesh color
those of the latter a dusky green. In
habits in general, I think the two spe-
cies are quite similar, except that dele-
warensis is more gregarious at its
breeding places.

In Georgian Bay, some forty-four
miles northeast of Collingwood, a little
north of the route from thence to Parry
Sound, are two groups of small islands —
called:the Western Islands. Only one
of them contains anything worthy to be
called forest. Some of them are scarcely
more than rocky shoals. None of them
contain more than a few acres of land,
Here breed the Common Gulls in con-
siderable numbers, Wilson’s Tern, some
of the Ducks, and one of the islands the
Ring-billed Gull in such abundance that

in June 1881, when I visited the locality

they could have been gathered by the
barrel. The nests were placed on the

ground or ledges of rock and on grassy
plots, and were constructed of mosses

THE OCOLOGIST.

245

ee

aud loose debris in general, well heaped
up and well depressed in the center.
‘They were sometimes so close together
that it must have been difficult for the
dirds to incubate without touching each
other. The eggs commonly three, 2.07-
2.50x1.63-1.70, are drab,generally, some-
what olivaceous, variously specked,
spotted and blotched with. shades of
dark brown and grayish brown. Often
the markings are very large and few in
number. There is much greater varie-
ty in the color, marking and size of the
eggs than in those of the common Gull.
The number of this species inhabiting
this island was immense. At certain
points along the shore, the water and
the beach were white with them; and
when they rose, they spread out like
clouds overhead.
J. H. LANGILLE,
Kensington, Md.

P.S.—This article is the substance of
a discussion before the Ornithologists’
Association at Washington, D. C.

Oct, 6, 1891.

The Carolina Parrot,

(Conurus carolinensis.)

Having been for several years engag-
ed in the special study of the great
family of Parrots I have naturally given
a great deal of attention to the one
species which formerly inhabited the
greater portion of Eastern North Amer-
ica or more properly speaking that por-
tion of the United States lying east of
the Mississippi River and south of the
Great Lakes.

This Parakeet was, during the time
of Audubon, found in immense num-
bers in all of the Southern States and
as far north as Northern New York,
In a recent number of the “Auk” (See
_ Auk for October 1891) Mr. Hasbrouck
has this to say regarding the former
range of this bird to the north; “Accord-
ing to Barton, writing in 1790, a flock

of Paroquets appeared in January about
twenty-five miles northwest of Albany,
New York, causing great alarm among
the simple Dutch folks who looked up-
on the adyent of the birds as indicative
of coming eyil. Audubon also states
(Birds. of Am.,,Vol. IV, p- 309) that
about 1807 they could be procurred “ag
far northeast as Lake Ontario.’’ This
is presumably the most northern record
for the species.”

On November 1, 1889 Mr. F. M. Chap-
man read before a meeting of the Lin-
nean Society of New York, a paper en-
titled “‘Notes on the Carolina Paroquet
in Florida.” In this paper, compiled
from personal observation, Mr. Chap-

man writes as follows: ‘Fifteen years
ago, Paroquets were more or less gen-
erally distributed throughout Florida
and and in many cases were extremely
abundant, and even at more recent
date were not uncommon in numerous
localities, but to-day they have entirely
disappeared from the more settled por-
tions of the state, and we may look for
them only beyond the bounds of civili-
zation, indeed in regions which are prac-
tically uninhabitable. In what num-
bers they still exist is impossible for us
to say.”’ :
That they were once widely distri-
buted and that they are now confined
to a limited area is an undisputed fact.
On account of their great fondness for
fruit and consequent destructiveness
may be attributed their early disappear
ance from our midst as records show
that immense numbers were killed by
the farmers and fruit growers of the
southern states. Their destruction was
comparatively easy on account of their
habit of slaying in the immediate vicins
ity of a wounded comrade till all were
destroyed. Then again immense num.
bers have been killed by plume hunters
in southern Florida, so that one desir-
ing to see this beautiful bird in its
haunts must now visit Florida “Ever-
glades.” A few are fouud in southern

246 THE OOLOGIST.

a

Louisiana and Alabama and in the In- | Bartram’s Sandpiper.
dian Territory. nT
Among a collection of skins of Paro- (Bartramia longicauda.)

quets, Lories, Macaws ete., in my eab- zien ;

inet of which I am justly proud I find] On June 19, 1890 a companion and
only one skin of this bird. It came| myself were out after specimens on the
from the vicinity of Lake Okeechobee | prairie surrounding Boone, Iowa. My
and was collected in 1888. A descrip- | companion wanted a duck and after he
tion of this skin may be interesting to | had shot one we struck out in a north-
some of my readers so I will here give | erly direction. We had poor success un-
it. The colors are very striking: body |til we had started to return home find-
green; head yellow: face red; bill horn-|ing nothing but Black-birds and Mea.
color (white in life); feet same as_ bill, dow Lark’s nests.

wings variegated with blue and yellow. | We had just came out from a pond
The measurements taken at the time after searching for Rails’ nests when
the bird was killed and which accoin- | suddenly a bird sprang up from under
pany the skin are as follows: length 13.{my feet and fluttered along the ground
00; extent 21.00; wing 7.25, tail 7.00 | a short distance in front of us. My

Of late much has been written con-|campanion not being much of an Oolo-
cerning the breeding habits of this} gist shot her immediately for as he told
Conure, but about all that seems to be |me afterwards “‘he hated to see her suf:
known is that it nests in Florida among | fer.”
the almost inaccessible swamps of that} I was not paying attention to him at
region, in colonies of several pairs, and | the time being busy looking for the nest
that it is not particular in regard to its and I soon found it.
mesting site but selects impartially hol-| It was placed in a slight unlined hol:
low trees and a knot on some large cy-|low and contained four eggs badly in-
press or live oak on which to place its|cubated. They were of a dirty buff
apology for a nest. color, thickly spotted near the large

Cones in his ‘Key to N. A. Birds,” | end with umber and yellowish brown,
says, ‘eggs whitish, 1.40x 1.05, ellipti- | They average 1.83x1.26.
cal shape, rough in texture. This bird is a favorite game bird in

Let us hope it will be many years be- Towa, large numbers of them being
killed annually for the table.

Generally when they are feeding a
solitary individual may be seen perch-
ed upon a neighboring fence post,
minated. Before closing this short es-|after the manner of a Meadow Lark,
say I would like to call your attention probably acting as a sentinel.

A. FARMER.

fore this, the most hardy of all paro-
quets and the only species found inhab-
iting the United States, will be exter-

to W. i. Green’s recent work on par-

rots entitled ‘‘Parrots in Captivity.”
; J The Horned Grebe.

In this work, (Vol., [I, p. 84.) you wil

find quite an interesting article on the --(Podiceps cornutus.) ®

Carolina Paroquet, Conwrus carolinen-

Gia The Horned Grebe is an abundant
THAD. SURBER, resident in the marshes of the Detroit

river, and St. Clair Flats. It breeds
in considerable numbers below Fight-
ing Island in the Detroit river. My,

White Sulphur Springs, W: Va.
Novi iO; 239i. 3)

THE OOLOGIST.

247

first experience with this bird was dur-
ing the past spring. In company with
J.C. Wood I took several sets of this
bird. The usual number of eggs found
was four, but one set of eight was taken
These were very badly incubated. The
nests are simply masses of decayed
flags and weeds placed upon some flats,
and often floating. The eggs are al-
ways covered with a mass of decayed
weeds except in one instance. The
eggs measure aboul 1.65x1.15, but vary
a good dealin size. ‘They are bluish
white in color, but so coated and stain-
ed by the decaying vegation that they
look like dirty white. This however
will wash off. The Grebes are said to
incubate their eggs at night, and let the
snn take their place during daytime.
One thing is certain, that it is very sel-
dom one can catch a Grebe on her nest.
They have a peculiar habit of sinking
suddenly under water without leaving
hardly aripple to indicate where they
have gone.
B. H. SwALes,
Detroit, Mich.

World’s Falr Notes.

The native flora of each State and
Territory will be shown at the Exposi-
tion, under the direction of Chief
Thorpe, who has enlisted the Lady
Managers to undertake the collection
of specimens.

All Indian exhibits at the World’s
Fair will be under the direction of the
Government or of Chief Putnam, of the
Deparment of Ethnology. The ways
and means Comittee has decided that
it will consider no applications by pri-
vate individuals for an Indian exhibit.

Some rare old curios in the way of
saddles and ancient harness will prob-
ably be seen at the World’s Fair. The
National Association of Saddlers has de-
cided to raise $85,000 for at exhibit of
their trade at the Fair. ‘his will be ex-
pended, largely for ancient saddlery
and harness which will be procured
through special collectors.

1
|
\

Aquatic fowls of all climes will prob-
ably swim through the lagoons of Jack-
son Park during the period of the Fair.
Landscape Architects F. L. Olmsted &
Co., recommend the purchase of a great
variety of waterfowls. The list includes
widgeons, sea gulls, swans, brown peli-
cans, storks, sand-hill cranes, American
wild geese, blue geese, toulouses, flam-
ingoes, snowy egrets, and scarlet ibis.
The purchase of at least ten of each
species of the birds as enumerated was
recommended.

Prof. Dyche, of the Kansas University,
one of the finest taxidermists in Ameri-
ca, is preparing a notable exhibit con-
sisting of about 150 of the largest mam-
mals in the United States, including
buffalo, elk, moose, antelope, deer,
mountain sheep and goats, wild cats,
wolves, bear, ete., etc: The different
species of each are represented and al-
most all of the animals have already
been secured.

The party which, under the direction
of Chief Putnam of the department of
Ethnology, of the Exposition, has been
making excavations of the mounds in
Ohio for three months or more, met
with rare success on November 14th near
Chillicothe, tn making one of the richest
finds of the century in the way of pre-
historic remains. While at work on a
mound 500 feet long, 200 feet wide and
28 feet high, the excavators found. near
the center of the mound, ata depth of
14 feet, the massive skeleton of a man
incased in copper armor. The head
was covered by an oval-shape copper
cap; the jaws had copper moldings: the
arms were dressed in copper, while
copper pilates covered the chest and
stomach, and on each side of the head.
on protruding sticks, were wooden ant-
lers ornamented with copper. The
mouth was stuffed with genuine pearls
of immense size, but much decayed,
Around the neck was a necklace of
bears’ teeth, set with pearis. At the
side of this skeleton was a female skele-
ton, the two being supposed to be those
of man and wife. It is estimated that
the bodies were buried fuily 600 years
ago. The excavators believe they have
ut last found the king of the mound
builders.

> —~<2>>—_+

. B]

This OoLocisr was mailed
subseriber on Dec. 22d.

to each

248 THE OOLOGIST.

DAY OFFER

GREATEST BARGAIN EVER OFFERED.

Good until Feb. 1, 1892, (should supply exhaust before that
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FOR ONLY 53.00

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The Oo.oaistT for 1892 - - ~ ores Bi feego
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“‘Davie’s’ Nests and Eggs of North Aiiépiban Birds 1.25
And One Egg Of Each The Be

Noddy Tern, Bahamas $92 2
Forster's Tern, Lake Michisunl - - Gs
Franklin’s Gull, Minn. - - PPG
Brown Pelican, Gulf of Mexico . OS Bore
American Coot, St. Clair Flats - ~ LO
Red-Shouldered Hawk - - - 50
Burrowing Owl, Nebraska - - avai
American Magpie, Nevada . = epee - “25
Loggerhead Shrike - - - DS
Great Crested Flycatcher ~ - - si2
Rose-breasted Grosbeak - - 25
Western Meadow Lark - - pe
Red-headed Woodpecker - - - .08
Orchard Oriole - - - - 16
White-winged Dove - - EO)
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For 50 cents additional ($3.50 in all) we will send the copy of
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FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.

NUTTALL’S ORNITHOLOGY.

A New Edition of this favorite Manual of American
Birds, in a new and beautiful shape, and with
important additions, bringing the information
down to date.

A POPULAR HANDBOOK OF THE ORNITHOLOGY
OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA,
BASED ON NUTTALL’S “MANUAL.”

By MONTAGUE CHAMBERLAIN.

Nolysik

GAME AND
WATER BIRDS.

Wiole TI:

LAND BIRDS.

With colored frontispieces and numerous illustrations in the
text. Two volumes. Crown 8vo, cloth, extra, gilt top, $8.00; half
calf, extra, gilt top, $12.00; halfcrushed Levant morocco, gilt
top, $16.00. :

HE publishers believe that a new edition of Nuttall’s famous work
on American Ornithology, embodying all the results of recent
investigations and discoveries and freed of material which has

become obsolete, is a necessity and will receive approval. Large and
exhaustive works upon the subject of American birds are already in
existence, but their expense and bulk render them undesirable for
popular use, and the scientific information is not adapted to any
except experts in the science of ornithology. Nuttall’s work has
always held a deservedly high rank. Of late years it has figured
among rare books and been sold at a greatly advanced price.
Among the advantages which the new edition will possess are the
following : —

It will give to the reader the latest acquired facts regarding the
species mentioned in the original work, also an account of the
species and sub-species that have been discovered since Nuttall
wrote; and mistakes made by Nuttall will be corrected, espe-

cially mistakes regarding habits and identification. It will include
the recent and most approved terms in nomenclature, and will, in
short, bring down to date the ornithology of the area considered.
All of the descriptions of plumages have been rewritten and will be
found to be an improvement over those of the original work. ‘There
will also be included the latest determinations regarding the sexual
and individual changes, as well as the changes resulting from age,
so far elaborated as the limits of a “handbook” will permit.

A description of all known nests and eggs has been prepared

especially for the present work.

But the crowning merit of the descriptions will lie in the fact that
they are expressed in such simple, well-known and untechnical terms that
any schoolboy may understand them wzthout the aid of a glossary.

Keeping fully in mind the need. of a popular and untechnical
book on American ornithology, Mr. Chamberlain has added to the
merits the original work possessed in this respect by giving the names
by which the birds are best known to the people, in addition to the
vernacular names used by naturalists. The scientific names used
are those recently adopted by the American Ornithological Union.

Of the original work by Nuttall everything of value and interest
has been retained, including all of Nuttall’s delightful descriptions of
bird-life, a feature of the original which has had much to do with its
popularity. Only those portions which have been rendered valueless
by recent discoveries and determinations are omitted.

The present work will be found to be more fully illustrated than
the original, and throughout its preparation everything possible has
been done to thoroughly adapt it to the needs of the time and to
make-it a convenient and useful manual for the household and for the
student who can carry with him only a work of moderate size.

Mr. Chamberlain was for several years Associate Editor of “The
Auk,” and is now the editor of “The Ornithological Club,” the
leading amateur club of America. He is also a member of the
“Comité International Ornithologique” of Vienna. He has already
contributed to ornithological literature “ A Catalogue of the Birds of
New Brunswick,” “ A Catalogue of Canadian Birds,” ‘‘ A Systematic
Table of Canadian Birds,” a translation with notes of Hagerup’s
monograph on Greenland birds, and numerous articles published in
“ Forest and Stream,” “ Ornithologist and Oodlogist,” ‘‘ Canadian
Sportsman and Naturalist,” “ Science,” etc. -

It@- See specimen pages annexed.

FOR SALE BY

FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.

Specimen Page from Nuttall's Ornithology — Land Birds.

x if ah ih "i

We : ill. lien

BOBOLINK.
RICE BIRD. SKUNK BLACKBIRD. MEADOW-WINK.
DOLICHONYX ORYZIVORUS.

CuHar. Male in summer: black; back of head and hind-neck buff ;
scapulars, rump, and upper tail-coverts ashy white. Male in winter,
female, and young: above, yellowish brown, beneath paler, more buffy ;
light stripe on crown. Length 61% to 7% inches.

Vest. In ameadow; made of dried grass.

Eggs. 4-6; white with green or buff tint, irregularly marked with
lilac and brown; 0.85 X 0.60.

The whole continent of America, from Labrador to Mexico,
and the Great Antilles, are the occasional residence of this truly
migratory species. About the middle of March or beginning
of April the cheerful Bobolink makes his appearance in the
southern extremity of the United States, becoming gradually

arrayed in his nuptial livery, and accompanied by troops of his

companions, who often precede the arrival of their more tardy

Specimen Page from Nuttall’s Ornithology — Game and Water Birds.

MARBLED GODWIT.
MARLIN.

LIMOSA FEDOA.

Cuar. Prevailing color dull rufous varied with black; rump and tail
barred; bill pinkish ; legs and feet black. Length 17 to 2o inches.

West. Near astream or lake, —a slight depression sparingly lined with
grass.

Lees. 3-4; pale buff or olive, marked with brown and lavender;
2.25) XS 1860:

The Marbled Godwit is only a transient visitor along the sea-
coasts of the United States in the spring and fall on its way to
and from its breeding-place in the North. According to Rich-
ardson, it abounds in the summer season in the interior of the
fur countries, being particularly plentiful on the Saskatchewan
plains, where it frequents marshes and bogs, walking on the
surface of the swamp-moss (Spagna), and thrusting down its
bill to the nostrils in quest of worms and leeches, which it dis-
covers by the sensitive point of its bill, thus finding means to

R oR FROM JAN. 1890 alk
2EMIUM LSsT..
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t St. 258, 261, 878. 460, 63, 153, 157, aa
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2

INDEX TO VOL. IX.

sAcanthis linaria .......- perceaaca zee poi oa Fe 127
PAYG IMMOMEN ES oe BS as oe ee ss 11, 81, 102
PN IMOSeENOteS OM ase: b ore... St ts er8o
PRCT TTD) eee semen See ree eee oan 199, 143
ANTIIM, (GANSCNN Been essneteBe es eeeen scat ae eee ...104
SATIRE, TRE WASTE) OMIM SYC lee ee a os eens eee eins Aone es 107
ATOR IEG NOLS SHINS a See ec eee ea 44, 194
James, (CHS SHTSIS ae eo eee eee e es Brea epeaa asec deseesctn ae: 104
ANTHOTEEH. Ama eT KOF 0 eae Rea 160
Pertti mp NG UT OSes ee tea ee cl ee 80
TsO, AN TRACING NR ee Ra eee cee cne ro ee nese 74
Bird Nesting in Northwest Canada.............. 5, 82
BIRO S PAC rip atber is aches lef ee ae 137
Birds, A Vacation with the .................. ree get 97
Birds, An Hour with the Water... .........-.-... 79
TBAITEOLS) ont 1E-Ae Wea O USN EV eee een ns a eee loro 3
Bittern, American

BT GHenMy MCAS tee cee A 14, 79, 197, 233
Blackbird, Red-winged..............-..2----: 5, 18, 8, 260
Blackbird, Yellow-headed.............-...:.... By Gh ez
~ BSI GHES DMS Lata sae one nee ee ee 14, 140
TBuNDVEVONAGL ce ee ee Ces 142, 181
aS UTO OURO em VCO UM baAMINs-. cee ones. ue 36
leallibiey oulretol, NAY eieiatea eral eae se geass yeesee eas POV ACSE ae aa 36
BOG - Cray. Ss AMON Ob Mes. 25..3.5. see lee 185
ES OO ONIN Kc eos e=et poetels CAV eae 2G! 2 2a de Lie Soe) Fed 45
SOU DEAPLOUITTEY Soe eee 246, 258
Bunting. Black-throated........ .. -.... cents Es, 135
Bunting, Indigo ........ See Ve ea 179, 246
PS piMes aia bed - |e eee SRMoi Fark 9, 138
BOUTON EATERS s RENO O)\ eee teten Se RANE rae See eet 242

Bush FieldSin Summer, Birds in the. ........246

Bush Dit. Califormian..--....<.2...: 135, 1*1. 181, 227
BEMUDZ Zcut Camm Liss LIN Clears $20 Me tees ts St a 240
IBiGHArAE Aly, MON DU Rice ae enamen en eee a 1383, 161, 163, 211
California, A ay’s Collecting in ................. 161
California Collecting Ground, A..................... 215
CHEN EYSEVO FE ES ea Ee Pele ee Ne eS)
Caracara, Audubon’s.................... mae Reece, Pt 213
CAROL a. Carat STR IN rats ee ut ee 179, 196
ROMGOLOS Seer LLONS a yecte eee. 2 Loose ee 145
WatalorUemm ban Gard): 2.2 0..0-222 lic cce ida et ees eee 188
(CENST SVEN G) ST er 97, 180, 246
That, Yellow-breasted.................. 68, 160, 209. 246
(CHR@ RED) cece cakadat ae eae eee ne es es se a 10
NOeeiiil Leaacnon Noone nately vee Ekle 10, 69, 245, 246
Chewink in Sit. lawrence! Co:, N. Yi... 102

Oyavenalialetyah al a EMO WIE WEA sed esas seeededes tak eon cede 112
Clie wead COA. ale eee oa! 5 13, 45, 140
lai ead] Cr ay; OL cae ey eel ye ee 180
(Gaarelenoleey, Teh wcoysKouawie yay (ee 103
Chickadee in Rutland Co., Vt., The... PER ei 199
(CHONG), - OES OND, 2 ns ee ode tohersce ene 37, 128
le Kawallls swell Gl Oiwyeaeese eens _.161, 179, 259
Cobb’s Island, Collecting on, Virginia............ 191
CoNectimowandkCollecbors sss --- e eee 108
COME Chin es eH xe) CCnib TOT tase eee a eee 232
COWS eurnisy Med pel aN ae Ne ees 108
(SOLES AV aD ae oe ems ea ANS CS he hu ees 168
WOO AMC TIC aye erate 5, 13, €0, 177, 288
(Chonciaavoneehang Wesel is) a= oo te A ee tac: 43
CORMOFAIE WE TAGES tee ee Ue ene 43
Cormorants Com moneses le eee 107
COLMOLAN Da MAVAOMESIS ie. eis Ree ennai 43
CoRMORAT tae HHO Cla eeeeee eh eee pet cpl Seen 143
(CSOLLECSTIO MS eee ote eee ees ne ee 17
Gloynlestinall ss yo ame A a 81, 98, 69, 209, 217
(Obpfeiiweis (Ofer Xoy bh alle heen te Ce a eee se hee Coa ee 5
(Gira EnAMk Isr Nony aoe iiss Vesa Te 6
CL OH EEE WAN | On ERO LOU are el pC eee 246
CrossbillbeAmCricommesest ian sues 11, 68, 74, 81

Crossbill in Iowa, The
COWRA PAIN eri Canes seme iin EE pero neCe
Crow Around Omaha, The ...2:.......... 73, 141, 182

(© O Waa HUIS ae mess eee irae OU ee CV ta ee 78
CE TRON ed MNONELKG IES) seme cen oy es ee aaegentinn oiler isziuNy, Cel: 144
CrowsiBeneficializ vAreye 3 ee eee 141
SLOWS OOCKO fev oes een Je INN ey eee 142
Cuckoo Black-pilled) 25 69, 98, 225, 229
CuUGCKOOF BMbTS hee Mee AL eee: eames 81
CHEKOO MeO w-bille diese. ieee pee eal 69, 258
Curlew Wong-pile dieses.) eee FOL SS 192
PUCK CUSS Cy nee SUE Bal SAEs Bete 2. 2 CEN et, UNE are tae 35
ID hijoyareie, NvaaVere(ofe ol) eae ahaa ee pene ea 196
DISSECLIONS Of Piseon) =... 33, 63, 110
TDXONF Gr. WMO ETON eR ee ees eee - 133. 258
TOI es 1 Balle Soe a oUt a SUE AP Wl 137
DUCE CO-h ead ede ke ce ee 111
PEST aerga Eira oo TINH Clemence saan ra eee eee
DRUG) EC FSXGR DY ORNS oleae eR MUM erage St As emia ht fy)
DCIS SVVIO Oise crane tetas oo 2a) ESE teens 14
IDIOMS YAN 1D aly Sivaliehal aXe) 5 oe 70
| SREY aai Keen eH WCE ee ere he ee ann RUA eb OU De a 99

Eagie Nests in Florida, A Day’s Trip for

THE OOLOGISY.

TEVA oh eee wll 2) ee MM et oa ee Seco e 40
Bagles, After Golden...__........--.---------+. ¢--++++5+: 134
Eagiles’s Nest in Virginia, Visiting a Bald...... 75
Easter Monday, HowI Spent 214
Beg Collecting ............--.----------------1s2-22 2
Egging, Professional ......---.-.---.--++---++-1------= P
Eggs. Notes on Some Peculiar ..............-...---- 41
Beret, American ..... .....-.-----.-----------eect 143
European Islet, Collecting om a -.....-.---..-------- 106
Falcon, Red-footed................---::2+---------------+ 107
Farallones, Collecting Murre’s Eggs on The..255
Farallones Island, Collecting on the ..........-..... 42
Farallones, The Ashy Petrel on the............- .193
Field, A Day in the.......... -..----.-.----- Sister eas 904
inch, House. ----22---2------2--------2 2 iy 1b}
Finch in Broome Co., 164
THiMCh) PAM Css. -o scene e-n< oe 2 ce nonsense ee 245
aihavela, Je WWE OS). sees 244
Finch, Sea-side.-........-.-..-.----:-- ++ ----- - _.. 8. 192
TEMG RSID nist sons -eanoge: Rerbeeeeedonecctacesce i . 259
Flicker, Red-shafted)...........-.--.--------------------- 216
Flycatcher, Nadia sees 69, 179, 198, 2 1, 259
Flycatcher, Ash-throated.................... Ds ences all)
Flycatcher, Black-crested..............-...--.---- ieee ho}2}
Flycatcher, Crested ............-----.--.2-------+ +++ 70, 259
Flycatcher, Least -.........-. -.--.-.-------------- 70
Plycatcher, Little Green-crested -.... aU
Flycatcher, Scissor-tailed...............-..---..-.--- 217
Flycatcher, Traill’s..........-.-.-.-.---f---2-:2----------= 199

TORE RUUCLS) oo oo sxt dee ey uemeenncareeceesendsonuEe saa sas 14, 140
Fringillide in Newton, Mass.. -..................... 244
Grallimile sion ae oo eee creamer 177, 197
“Gannets’’..........-..- AD NOP Rau ray tae OO)
Gnateatcher, Blue- ye Rese Bi INS eset re 135, 217
Goldfinchs:American. 5.2225. o ett tod
Goldtinche Arkansas) ee eeu
Goldfinch. Lawrence's ..)..4...2..2222. 161
OOS ea Ivara eh pees ee tee aan e ee eeees 6

_ Goose, ‘‘Nigger”’........... IE CR REN Uo et cea va 139
Goshavile Ammer Caml: 00s ee seeteeeOSy bat
Grackile sBromzedee eee 10, 97, 111
Grackle, Boat-tailed...........................78, 192, 260
Ere De GEOL Cee a) CER I TERT NG ae asco ate)
Grebe: Bied=pillede 6, 13, 164, 177
(GHAeV oss IRE olla yolL ae es ee ee ak 5
Grebe, The Horned, at St. Clair Flats.16, 96, 164
Grebe; ‘Western 2) 2.002522 22 22 UY Sree eID)
(Ghesrenaulemre nice oil overeat habe Ake eee ete ce ce 229
(CHRON oe Need SOK) a A eo ea eae a BS oo 243,
Grosbeak, Rose-breasted...... 109, 160, 197, 229, 245
Ger oS heals Mew eee ee ee nee ee eae sea 9
eT DUS Ys yee se a A NY Ue Ente Sanaa Sa RT oe ade sats}
Grouse Burrowing in the Snow, The Ruffed. 109
(Geum Ve ra ote ere een eens eG)
(@hohilieranvoyr, 1 erkexe onal wee le io Se ace ogc 43
(Eu DU ay) a Sues or aye eee el apee ernest once neater S- 106
(Gambly Ipbhedapboyer oe a adh 19
Gaul WWE Sterne eee eee ; MS pees hane eS EOD ()
Hawk, A Few Notes on the Red-tailed........ 184
Hawk, American * parrow ................. 13,. 162, 216
EVA AGS Cts) O tuyere CLC Te SUN eae eee eee 80

Tele idkey 1BTKOP NGL \WanoVexeKOl Se ee ec 21h
Elian wilcen © © OO Clg Sees ee eee eee 214, 247, 258;
Hawk, Harvristst 222006. . ..0i2 2 eee eee 213)
Hawk. Red-shouldered.................... 138, 214, 258:
Hawk, Red-tailed.................. 137, 199, 214. 247, 258:
Hawi, Siaip=siimr ells. see eee ees 229, 248
Hawk, Swainson’s .....-.--- ais visio iajateieietelelanetsy eae Os
Hawk, Western Red-tailed.............. .133, 462
Hawk’s Eggs, Some Trips for........... wc ss a
Hawk’s Nest, After a.... seco. - 22+ seccenecevns 138;
Heron, Black-crowned .......- ooonoe oie aia albeit 177
Heron, Great Blue. ...cc ccc cee occas cence re ett
EVerom. GUC so ce -- ocen come ainls sles) slalais 178, 192, 258;
EVeroms Waite Wel. « ccs s'enie sie) stelelealrintetelelatel tetas 139:
Heron, Louisiana..... deasaode Govocdcdodsoasce else
Heron, Yellow-crowned, Night. .........0-.... 139:
Hummingbird, Allen’S....e..ses.00- eee. 133, 230)
Hummingbird, Anna’s.........« qoorcon dangles, 2 S0
Hummingbird, Alexander’s ...... ponaenodd se 123

Hummingbird, Black-chinned.....e...+.-133, 230)

Hummingbird. Costa’s....e.sesesseeces -. 133, 28h
Hummingbirdin South Carolina, The........ T85,
Hummingbird, Ruby-throated .46, 179,199,225, 259,
Hummingbird, Rufous.......... sicpalajeterstevetetelsiete con
Hummingbirds, Among the .................- 230
lows}, VaVlauiti@) oaacooadenasonons Hudoosodonono coats Je
Ibis, Wood . Boo odanddnodaodscos. se) ess
Ibises of eae aen MMi csoosc gue so oc0n 99)
Illinois, An Oological Trip in Central........ 196;
Tllinois. To the Ornithologists Of ....cnesseeeet
MLAS trAabine AMG CLES! spare cistetelastdistelsoieteletetstelatrecoe
ILLUSTRATIONS.
A Pair of Screech Owls at Home.eccce...... 62
A Taxidermist’s Camp.......... go08 Bares ats.
Beggs of the California Murre.....0......+-.200s
WEnnciherss WeilemuahiXe AGoondoqqaonGsobooeu odo sas 82
1bpoyaves sop Mids) SoosuanooDddea ude aelalelatahetetetsiate wen &
Nests of Canvass-back and Yellow-headed
Blackbird--<---...... pono docs cuando buco cossos 4.
Parts of Domestic ee Meferalelatetetatetekeferertetetets 32
Sharp-shinned Hawk . wieleeie voce Ok
Iowa, A Tramp Through Woods and Marsh-
ES! 1 WIESHOTIN. cs aicie aiclelerelsisietalstetsieiehatstseaeieteenee 210
MO WMb INOUE aoce Guonon Gabo cUbaosodandocn doar oes 198.
“Tronheads”......e. Selere eieteletelfafestehelet ome teteistetmetarer 100;
Jaeger. Parasitic....... puso HassopUOoeGD nate oo Ok:
JAY, BUS 3.05 cee ee ve weae seein siecle clsunleieicisisin/a 260:
Jay, California ........ Goodudocubcocadc deaddcSe 162
Funcoy Slabe-colored)--.aceeceeereeeee eee sees
Kansas, Two Birds of Western ........ Foosapest
TRGhaYSI HAS! Sear ans GodaGd OOOUdD Atos onSe one cn 179, 25%
Kingfisher, Belted. ....secsceee sss eeeeeeerens 109
TRGHAAMEW Gcosoo ooaunenocouc dponce coboadnood aeccee At
Kinglet, Golden-crowned .cscco.sesee sees seen 242)
Dae lye AGGMeSSé clases sie) isetetoteeleishnaaieteteettseateiaties - 168;
Lanius Borealis on Deck | es arerevers oikeletetotetets lela teneteters 95.
Ibp hake, IalopaaleXel (Qaoanpadnanda-occoos asboadaKod 243;
ark, Wady---...-. BEB OeE ROdb oo00 50RD Rone Gone
Marke erainia Horned. \tjercceciteis stirs 147, 166.

IDLOFEXAO CIC Goagoe sAsHod ono OanI Hoop MESS GoSIOdbO Hoe 130

\

THE OOLOGIST.

MOM OMB ANKO i sccsoaiis cavicieeacseeeces < sees stance
Longspur, McCown’s .......... cpoddad conde:
Longspur, The Gnesmmuts collar aah rolefeletetaretstetet= 243
Loon...... “pasaddugueabebo adoo dodd 103, 148, 164, 217
MHOON ENCG-DALOALEO) «= claiels calico seo ecieic a neelereia lOO
Louisiana Birds, Some of Our................ 138
Magpie, After the Yellow-billed.............. 194
Maepies AMeriCaM ...-... scenes seeess ces cece o- LOD
DEALS EILOM CAM) welecly siviclelsls\ei-.0 2 sea afore eleretetate 194
BVA Means Steeteve/atesss) a [ois/srahiarare(ti wiejeree Vals (evs/ei's>stelsylercjsiclelelelovereue 5
Wikeieabal, 12h OEVGAGopoUdOogoUde codonobeqcoogscca 179
INST G XS Iivehanlolkey hele s55 sognoo ocunoORBouEaee doco 228
Meadowlark, Western ......... SBodaoe paandooellets
Mersansers,Red-breasted 3... 2... 2... .s.6s » .- 108
Michigan Notes, 1891 _......... 6660 arieszialayaysta cies 45
INUCTES ESTED OSLO Che peteteyeucfelatersieloimicicicucisteieis ee ciels (evs sve 133, 188
- :AIRESE@S ‘Ss odd go sulogoadom ou bon docs oneE DoUnooSeonaIne 106

Murre, California
Murre’s Eggs in California, Collecting of.. ..255

Names, Scientific, Their Use and Beauty ...103
Naturalist, A True

eee twee wee sce ess cce eee seeess (a
Nesting Cavities, Are They Occupied more
PANFV eae ONC Chefayaseierciaicisielaveisiersieie is cisveistsinicietaisleleler 13
INI@SUIMS IDAWEE) Socg ecco coucoodcCUGGGbOoOOdU BoddS 144
INES ES ebay iO hull: Cla ielsielelvialetersisisieicys <\silevelslsialeleleielsiefe 164
Nighthawk .......... dd ogobed HBO BDdSO dNOO eee Loe
Nighthawks in Binghamton, N.Y ........... 181

North Carolina, Birds Eggs,A Collection of..258

North Carolina, Birds found Breeding in
JBGIANMS CO sgd5d0 oso asso oddcdo: BDdbOpebuDOO 178
North Wostern Canada, Bird me 1H. s Ga poo wD)
Nova Scotia, Notes trem:. onvopodHodoco seo
INMWIUINE GINS) dabcboGognoddcde bosonoae Oooo ehensistaevalaletshs 44
Nuthatch, Brown-headed...................+2-180
Nuthatch, Red-breasted ........e0..ssee.. 165, 183
Nuthatch, Slender-billed..............000 oe .. 196
Nuthatch, White-breasted................0... 243
Ohio. Notes from South West................ 69
Old Recollections.......... Seco ee oeonSeenconnnnn 13
Ontario, Notes from St. Thomas’.............111
Oology. The Fascination of................... 263
OHIOLEVATI ZONA PELOOME GH ceicine «ice o's ese cle coiicione 215
Creiole, 1BeWinbiakorRe GeéccocecccoGoonooboNKoodeG 80, 109
Oriole, Bullock’s ..... apare Naictallvcis > ic: siesslaleveire nie sists 215
CO TTOU MON CAT Oey racststedejarctere:s (clo seiele, cis lesepels ste. nre.aels 46
WTIOLESSUNES Uy UM aissccissereisiel cre ovele vis, stela) ojeiats sevelelcinie 95

ORNITHOLOGISTS’ ASSOCIATION.

Nomenclature and Differentiation of Part-
THOSE tO4 cada dagnod cdaodd.odudod sodBecoboo 7
Secrelary’S REPOLt.. cece scene cee cease 7, 112, 144
Study of the Crow Family, &c ..........83, 112
mOsteolopye tor AmatOurs) <r. cs cc cleeiceeieee ss 229
Our Birds in Their Haunts ............ 16, 82, 197
Ouzel, Water ...... aeletelalet aiet sieletste Skea Sinan cee 196
OnyemloniRelsssoanue peceuaduuron adlandco0des 69, 180, 209
WwleBarred ss odickeee tacts lade 45, 70, 223, 258
OD WAI MES ULISE OWATL ota) ate-toicioucteetelvin's cl elcivie semiacne corse 182
Owl CalifOnnia: SCKeeCh\.ci)1. 02 ccceienslciels sea 216
Owl, Early Nesting of the Great Horned .....74
Owls Monica Bunrowine sere cc. secse cede scene 15

NO) wiles CLC aibs Gott Uy pmiclelsiwicleleieteiieae- ccs eis ei eieeiciant OS3r 1 OT.

Owl, Great Horned ..................-..45, 70, 160
© vali HET cn Wilse ctaraicrccrelstalcmverstereteletsielelelcisisieisicieicteccen ee OS

Owl, Monk eeyeeXel Gddoas caoscocdes Had cond abooOD 199
OW; iS AWW tisieerreteveeeececie cenclececeleceieeaene 164
OWAl, SIGREEOIM,s cog soonon coda pnoaooddodoneny 70, 258
Owl, Western Horned.. sletelaivelatatstetel eters 162

Owly Find, An. RyNelehcreeies: oe .. 182
Oystercatcher, i sanaraieana aden dddanondoo adea 41, 192

“TRENOEISOWE)” ceca odsv.coonoemo dogo bonddooad 24-139
ISEN Uc Onin gn BONG onde J SOO BODO OME EA on ae 139
RAGGA GC ely aePiciineeistecere ee einnine coda eee ee 7
IB NA VET SXS) ISIKOY Aoo3 anaccd suse voneNBOano Grae oo.. 24
Je RV An EMO kee) Or Mbnioranne) jacqbe.sanodanbascondos cone 162
AGC S CV allil Cypaereeraeeeeciicinn dectdeeee ee 216
Partridges and Their Relatives............. 7, 41
JE Rell, JUHI BBS masaccion oe ododaOESsbOmoLeOne o. 104
Petrel on The Farallones, The INS s Gogo0 p00 193
Pewee, Least..... poo0oG dovandasHogouanocenoboas 80.
IP EWE WVVIESLEEMUVVOOdEE Eaten ers <eene ; on
IDOE, VN/OOblosoconacoono 70, “199, 233, 9
haiMOpeplalsjysacemeroe cnet eoe tee nee is
JETMEVENROVOS, AUIS) G onnbe ndonbe Goobes odnond sng 6
TEMBSOI0,, IDOMNESUO 54540500 Annddocoesd bono vann BR GE
Plover, Black-pellied........--..:-<0sss.4 192
JAKowerr, Senaanh opbaale wel. Gros ches sade mano cancne 102
IOVS AVVTIS OU GSW eieeuctcaea a ss cieclors ey ene 192
Poison, Treatment of Cases of NAY oo Sa llsis)
JOON Aull ans ut conod co dbR DURE GER OEaBOn oe ccs 16
IPAS) CKorahnetsnish, DERM, Go50 sobs ndesdanouanobodouess 82
: ‘ IMADosoo0a oess00066 Hoo sHoo Aone or 112
a WIENS cocoponUadOsoUbdE Hodson cope 145
ANON oqon6 oG0KS sifaveleyallavatetarstat verse 166
: WIEW? oconad duos dbocooO ode dodn «e183
DAUD ACI ay Gee RneSBnMGOCS Maar ct: 198
July -216
a ee Sorot 249
fs OGbigu sate escnss nhc ee eee 265
SE AUAUIETONL AM eteyelafetecereielerevecieceeielecisiele ..8
EA UTI eieevetotcterevarsteiete aNatatatctalsrelo(/axaicisiate ateneletse Reni 107
Puffin, Large-billed .. *)elels\iofalsisla/ehe1o) forsee piel OA:
1Phavhal, “Mowe Goca Aqosdo son pboDoosocaeons.6 we eect
@uawiky Row vAVeraken cen darcduawe Odoccan ceded 177
FRATIMB Tacha ater seven eric iieceronoeete dadcoo srr
Iszhull, CHO DIE Sdoacedcocoonsanbe nbn odds oases 78, 192
Rail in Franklin Co., Kans., The Black..... 101
IEW IRGINE 6 o06.GoG000 seco pbandonASe bodes 13, 198, 258.
IehhL: Wolrvenh able hase oon Sado Raenee Godsavcoaddcnilé!
INES Gob.dodn apapucau soda ddaooaD eben 6 Gadde sees 107
IRASollomnRL, SywhaahaNeyPs 5 sogocoosvos asad saad onss ace 14
VC CBEC AUS merroteitscletelreriteleiss/scecee ne eeee eee 5
INOCGHOOM oc so ogcdonsoBooundabades bancdaos bode 127, 246
Redstart, American --. 45, 70, 199, 209, 225, 229
RemMimMiScencesweastiecemetyciaaseeee teers - 217
IRON obo HHRKGHOD GH Od SHeC CACORE AEE Ucee eros 45, 97
Robin, American..... aVororoialiciat nicl ercvejettetcinteleteraeterane 142
FVOACSGUMMEII «re cislelsiclec cicices ARAB HAT ORS eee 216
Sandpiper, Bartramian.............. 139, 160, 233
Sandipipemplueastasssecsecs ease e eee ee 137
Sana pipereeectorallmese ysis ass ee a ieaee 138

THE OOLOGIST.

Sandpiper, Spotted ......- Hadooudouaccue wees
Sapsuckers .....--+- Sat ob cberbbudenos sds cipowe 129
-192

Scoter, American .....--- +--+ sees seer eens eee
CS Ga PaALlOblesccicc ss sciele once esc nem cee ened

“*Sea-pigeOn” ....----s ce eeee eee eet e eee eee eee 43
Sea-Swallow .cscce cee cece cence tcerceercese sees 104
Self-Mxplanatory....--- +222 sess eeeeeeeeeeee eee 83
Sag... eves wwe eee ee ceeeeeesens padanocasdn'dods.o6 43
SHOVELS. .2+ cee wcrc ccc nee cc er er en s erent eee ace 5
Shrike, Northern . S000 0000 95, 243
Sitta Canadensis in ‘Miosianan Aopodo.00505000 600 183
Skimmer, Black . a0 Beieteisicsleree lan osmilee
Skins, Pointersjon Sriicine Bird] SorEsosorattoD 104
Snowbird, Black .- MA HEHON A Sanu badd ol waomont
Snipe, See lesen BE Eny so siol state alleretats 146
Some of Our Visitors and Neighbors. ........160
SyaTaRh ou caro uisdecoue UOC BEMED AUR Hub asooDacoDUaay It:
South Dakota NOtes...-.cscce seers vcjecee eee 159
Southern Hxhibit at Buifalo Hxposition..... 167
Sparrow, Baird’s.......-.seeeeeeee eee eee 137
Sparrow, Chipping ... .-..-++-+-++++- 179, 244, 260
Sparrow, English .........-++-+---: 81, 97, 160, 260
Sparrow, Field......-.----seeeee sees eee ee 245, 260
SDALLOW, FOX 2. secee cee ee eee eee ete eee ees 147

46

Sparrow, Lark ..-...-. 22... sete eee cee eee

Sparrow, Savanna ..........--.---..-.45, 233, 245
Sparrow, SONG .....-- +e see eee nee eeeees 80 109, 244
SHopMeRON MUREO 645 cosouoeacs bocucd baud oseuareias 245
Sparrow, VESPCL.....ccceessesceeeeeecrces cess 20d
Sparrow, White-crowned......-.-++++..-++++- 245
Sparrow, White-throated....................- 245
Specimens I Didn’t Get, The ........-..--+-6.. 67
Specimens Well, Prepare your............-.-1ll
Spring, Openers... 2.53... seen sen ewe ee oe 142
Spoonbill, Roseate. peboodacoo sees o0s000 ce ION)
Step in the Right Dir ection, ‘A Sunosiabodco oat 140
Siwrailllow;, Bamike (aS amd) cree wile cies sini 229
Siiqaulllonny, WEL 6s 50 hong onan nao esooaAono So60 -..192
Shreullvonay Clint, . aoacouabaceassoocuo-qodacuaccD Joos $l
Swallow, Rough-winged...........-...... 179, 228
Swallow, Tree...... nao eng HOSEA CG AeOIaaU eS 14
Sricilltonya Waloleyenxereval Goobohgoscocce sone oodo oe 128
Shyabites ClaviamhaNVe75405 bao Gosanoondanc os oll) ire), as)
SlpciMal Ceres S CaN e beer) rts ferseinistelsietsereratare 70, 109, 229
aienoleyerer,. Shrbananer ono yeas cdac acco nonpoo lh 70) itz)
PICU P MS IU VAIN Oe ClistenetstaieyatereyotaleiiavsVoeyelafalaloleysielstareretabso)
“blenria,, IRNEYOlK<gabd.ccoodon boado.s gondo anononecuo00RKs 104
Ahereal., CASON 5545 occnapsu ccuabonooo doo oooUaaue a
‘(Neretal, (CloViiaiaNOials soo caob oGoaGOHNdO Hooores-on Meh, IML
IM ErMeeh OLSbGLS ee cersieisiete ciscie seeker ieysieloteets 78, 191
“bevel (Gnbbleloilerel oct aqan coondgnoea soos poceS 78, 198
MOTI MMUCASH ees oeetseiceisis ore sine celseisienaiosueberete 78, 191
Tern. Royal . saon6 kits torsleifaralarsrstereexeny (Osa Oil
Texas, Notes oan oer come aoORKd OAR ODOM eS}
Mares, (Cenhtitoneaieys saq00 bo60d000 conG Gaacccod 162
MME aes IBIGOWN s odaa aaoedadaodcuodoounKCdd Gone 69
PE My;O CHORUS sail en CreTUU Siereyarcirejeyaistelatstehteieletalevetslate 225
“(Maveuistas Ialeidoaty Goosadoaopoanoos anne cube 16, 45, 67
AAT Se MVS OMS levetetetalale)s\atetalolelsialehelfaleiciele tO a OMenoeO)
AMMA GIA, VAVOOXE) o Gadco bcos ob600000 oe eeeeee0, 69, 181
Thrushes, Some of Our ......... Sadasodocbodnas €6
“Mhe, JetnGlsOMbeya soon sseoodescoRdoe eietafetetetetetsueiancte 103

Tit, Least...... cdeteus vole sosaetieee eee 227
Woes MONRO! oooe Sood oKoKs pobva dacs oda 500 sere oo 213
Towhee......- Poocdtormondsop bos bedcc teense 10, 103
Mowihees CalihOnI ey.) rer etereletmteleteiate aeeteetteteeeee 133
Transgressor is Hard, The Way of the....... 14
MTrays. MY... 2. coe. cece once ee sise = isn inlelnlet els ainlelelals 37
Turkey, Water s,s +. sss eee eck ease meee 144
avinbeliteny, \WVAUGl ss cobanondauodcseesc MOOD Pe Bem eoocacats
Unusual, Not (After a Hawk’s Nest).......-133
. Valentine, Lattin’s ........... cjalciciele leche eee 82
Wana. IBIS; sooacadas cost oacos Baocadae 199, 213,217
Vireo, Blile-Headed « <-.01 sce. ccleaner ia
WAbWE(O IDGENSio ncn cad soe -Aonanodasosonon noone on 216
WiGeos Red eyed... «clels)aneiaeee 76, 109, 179, 199, 225
WAIREXO}, VE Nelo AVeS SBGG6 sono 0205 Qoosce dons oneC W7, 229
Vireo, Wihite-eyed!......:.-22- +2 s5 season gengo
Vireo, Yellow-throated............-... 76, 199, 217
WaAreos Of Conmecti cuit, Shi Caerleon 76
Virginia Coast, Notes from the... >. .-..5-.n.. 78
Vulture, Bilaieh i 2). <<. ets) seletclels eee ree eee 240
Vulture in Orleans Co., The Black ...........161
Wal buses Mieke ve. .)-/-0can 133, 161, 163, 211, 240, 258
“\Wa-hoo-Hanmock”’, A Trip Through .......71
Warblet, Black and White..............-161, 209

Warbler, Black-throated Blue............._-70

Warbler, Black-throated Gray .....:.:....... 128
Warbler, Black-throated Green ........ .160, 225
Wiarblen:Blleswiil cede try ta erin attestation ate errens 209
Warbler. Blue Yellow-backed ...-............ 139
Warblers (@eruile ai = <5: -sremeretanteiieteie sete 70, 209, 264
Warbler: Chestnut-sided..-..... 02... 15, 208, 229
Warbler. Golden=winGed ssi =. --aeeei-iieiet 207
Warbler, Hooded....... BNE AP AEC GBOC 7 S.00.cc 1&0
Warbler, Kentucky. .-.:--- se.) 22 snes LOU eO9

Warbler, MOUrnias -/\5 ic)ncreceleet ines tare 0G

Warbler: Miyaztleyv)....<ciaattet eee ee neon
Wiarblers NaS hivalll eis ee eee eee ee eee 207
Warbler, Nesting of the Golden-winged -..._.. 45
Warbler Parula\...). 22 a ee 139
Warbler, Pine... Rp nee Rae rege AS)
Waveney cube Tea cre WUD ey ee ee ac 1&0. 209, 2i7
Warbler serothono tanya meses 213, 22
Warbler, Tennessee_...__.-.... : 209
Warbler, Worm-eating : ..209
Wyvewelouleres SZ COMMON eee seo 35, 98, 1 0, 4 9, 208
Wiarbler) svellow-Crowlle Giese 128
IWiarbler. Mellow -l1aS]kC Cisse 160
Warbler, Yellow-rumped®......... .._.__-5 , Py ts S 128
Warblers of Western New York, The Breed-
ING. 2-4 leseh eo a ee 207
Warbler’s Song, Incessancy of the Yellow..
Natele i 2 ee 65, 145
Warbler’s, Yellow, Song © ...145
Wraiier-A0 nis 11S nyc: eee e209)
Wiater-Thrushs Wouisi aay se 180
VV faisXavvdle Os OMe Ta Tey yee ee 243
Wax wits 2.4.5)... ee 5
Western Birds) wo) = 22 eee 262
WESTERN NEW YoRK NATURALISTS’ ASSOO'N
BHix-Sec. Bowdish’s Valedictory _.............._... 8
Notice of Meeting: es BSS.

. Officers... 2/200. 3 ee eee 8

THE OOLOGIST.

Report of Meeting ...... AES a Nt Ze 96, 126
INWESHAVAIDO ITT Ae HOM, acces cere. neces 148
Wii -poor-wWilli. oe... .c2 scone rceceee 161, 196, 233, 259
Whip-poor-will, Notes on the......... -...........-. 100
UAV TULL Vi 3 cers A a oe a ae 192

Winter Acquaintance, A.
Winter Visitors

Wisconsin, Notes from Southern ._............... 147
ONT GUO OO OO RR Lane oe Raa ee 130
WiOOG COCK Ameri Gam... eet oes 70, 258
NWioodpecker(Calitornmiay: 2 162
Woodpecker, Downy..............-...... 44, 109, 180, 259
Woodpecker, .Gardiner’s........0.2.,.222.22..220.02. ee 162
Wioodpecker, Hairy 2.22. 180, 178, 259
Woodpeckers Tvory-pllledi 2s... 72
Woodpecker, Pileated...........2......... 38, 76, 130, 144
Woodpecker, Red-bellied ......2.....2..0...222202.22... 131
Woodpecker, Red-headed............... 18, 45, 109, 131
WiOmpeclker a Merxam se oper la 213
UO OTIDECIKOTS Dh Or iit a Nunetee ee a tee 129
WORLDS FAIR NOTES.
ANACUO® INCU S sa aceaets eee ee ee eee 149
DNTAHE® TENS) 2 ea Rea Po tthe = a eta ...204
PAU cat be Y ATO Oye seers ee Lr catemeeeetey 8) i Ale 114, 166
TSPTPT STP AY SIN ECS fe M I ef 95 ae 114
WinamlObberiSlANGS.< 92) es eo 187
CHOI OYRRNOLO)’ LD Koay 220s ieee a a ee 114
WORM TMM EVESLICS 2 oe ee ad 149
OSAP EVICAM OR ROG see) we 166
TEUTIBS..c nics sa cee eee es Na 96
ESC MUUMUO RE MeO Th eee es nee ee 187
shame MAIC uAMiMmlaAlsses ee 114

LUO NEED OMe NUOVO OE), oodioodssseredasauaewely casemeeesarcece 234
Geological Formations..-:-......-.-..-..-.---2-------- 166
(GLOLARATTG SS illhy.e Ye eeere eens yee eee 167, 187
Illinois’ Geological Pxhibit........................... 39
TDp rere) INIGhie NEOiMES IMAGES) = tees paceneteacoaseeeeeecece 218
Makah Indian Implements .. Ate neal LST

New South Wales Horticultural Dept, sens ot AM!
@hiORBind'Sis cp. Sees

Ontario Mineral Exhibit
Ostrich Eggs..... ....
JE Yepabakeh, Jab NOUS) cose ec secosece eoseee
Penna. Butterflies
JETS SUIS UOMO) JEN CIOUOS) co sececeacccleetereneesosecnes Gentes
Prof. Dyche’s Native Animal Exhibit..........234

Sena ID WCF ex Oy SN Oa antec ome ee eee Sees 187
{sro owe) POSTE (CHOW 2. so dae coeceeee euseeaecs: 166
AV Vieie Ge SIMS GUI 8 heen een. ee ee 149
VATU eNa abo eS eee ee eee peo eae aeconeee te 149, 218
Woods.and Petrificatioms:..---....._.........--_96
Wren, Albino Eggs of the Long-billed
VEIT SNK 2 ye oo te eens eta res 11, 39, 102
Mmenn AU rant, OL miner @ano lira aie seoeaeyena eee (op
AVVARC TINS CVVALCIRS sda eeetertwmietaarersi cicie = loved Metairie 22d
AaNsml, OVNTOMweswaconos spvoToRsoe Ec us Hoole 215
Wren Carolina: cetrmcanmecteco ci ceria Omens
WGC BEOUSE! co's. saias sraienenstaet cele dh siete loheuina, Sear 97
WAC NIENEVO Ces.) 01-1.) 22 iar Soares beg Qala aeaateneVheRUerIee 43
SVVRIR TOME GR iac oe | chats cass syenenepevenecerars. a) «tes lhe Ratner 162
Wager, Wabayere eereaemonccuaaloees Mieke 44, 68, 242
Wren, Long-billed Marsh. ... 5, 79, 226
WellOWIESS; Greaver aes se. esse e-ece So oltilil

Yellow-throat, Maryland. 10, 70, 139, 208, 229,246
NEW OW-bOTOAL. WIESTCRI saece eee el )elelecleee 37, 262

ZLO OVO MVE ae es CECE ete ene Ieee

“ty New

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£oz
Monthly.

f

es a 4 Qurerer ess) TR Ne CR OREN Gt yn a ey BS Ane el Ay a ie
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i

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60c. per Year, <j}

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NOV

‘Exchanges and Wants.

special anncuncements, ‘‘Wants,” “Eix-
ges” inserted in this department for 25e
‘words. Notices over 25 ds, charged
fate of one-half cent pér word. No
se imserted for less than 5c. Notices
are merely indirect methods of soliciting
urchasers, cannot be aanitted to these
$ under any circumst..nces. ‘Terms,
vith order.

VANTED—Goo04 bird skins in exchange for
and skins. Many common species wanted.
N A MORDEN. Brent Creek, Mich.

TO EXCHANGE.—I have Indian Relics, N.
Copper cents and a Scroll saw for eges in
sets with data, GHO, P. ROWELL,
intic St.. Stamford, Ct.

ANTED.—Coues’ Key to North American
rds, pair climbers. and No, 7. Calipers 4 in.
i give in exchange eggs of this locality.

and
fos-
Fox

TANT fine skins or eges of Hawks
will give mounted birds. skins, eggs,
7 them. GEO. A. MORRISON,
Wis.

VANTED.—A good 2 barrelied shot gun. will

25, Mounted birds and 1 barrelled shot
Write immediately. BERT H. BAILEY
Avenue. Cedar Rapids, Towa.

ies, for best offers of eges. Western or
her eees wanted. Must be first class. FI,
JOHNSON, Pittstigld, Maine.

HANGE NOTICE.—A nearly
hs’ rowing machine in perfect, order, value
}08. for well made bird skins with full data.

id list. 8. K. BROWN & SON, Washineton,

Periodicals. Ciimbers. Printing press, Ool-
WS Supplies and eges! T have eggs and
D #0 exchange: JESSH MILLER; 184
las’St . Houston, Texas.

OODS.—25 varieties of woods, average 14x
Well polished. well labeled. cut both ways.
mM hoards 8x4 to hang on wall, DWIGHT
VDERSON, 1142 4th Ave., Detroit. ‘Mich.

EXCHANGE.—The following Ist class

s. Ridgew. 378. 242. 878b, 153, 375, 268. 12. 1,
270, 181. 214, 157, 13 for eres not mention-

Have aiso a number of 2nd class ones. will

ise thyee for one ist class ones... W: C
NSS. Livingston, Ala,

)

ALBION, N.Y), JAN.. 1892.

STER IRVINE. Georgetown, Texas, r] :

AMPS.—One hundred and twenty-five, fifty. -

new «

‘N'THD.—Books on Ornithology and Ool-

Large collection of Indian Relics, or $2h

worth of birds egos to exchange for a guitar or

anything useful. Best offers answered. B.
H. BLANTON, Franktert, Ky.

COLLECTION ef named fossiis, many’ of
them rare, minerals, curiosities, shells to trade
for printing, fur overcoat, robe. 38 cal. D, A.
revolver, g00d bound books. HOMER SQUY>
ER, Mingusville, Mont, ;

WILL EXCHANGE coniplete set, Animate
Creation, new with colored plates. cost $15.00,
for best offer in eggs. skins, or lepidoptera.
GEO. A. MORRISON, Fox Lake. Wis.

WANTED.—To exchange birds eggs, mount>
ed birds. skins and an egg cabinet for a 38 or 44
cal, Winchester Rife anda iarge caliber revol-
ver. Colt: preferred. good exchange given for
same. D.J. BULLOCK, Marshaletown, Ta,

EXCHANGE.—Enelish Rudge Bicycle, 38 in.
Qiameter (equal to 50), with ball bearings, good
condition for a night t-lescope, please state

articularsand communicate with J. J. MOUN>

AIN, 615 Willoughby Ay., Brooklyn, N. Y.

WANTED.—Bird skins representing species
hot i my collection. first class only. 1 offer
B, L. Guns, Glass eyes, Taxidermist tools and
supplies. Books on ornithology and first class
eees in sets. WF. H. CARPENTER, Bast Prov
idence, R. 7,

TO EXOHANGH.—Rare singles, including
357, 3392, 163, 182: and a few sets, first-class sets
With data. H.W. MENICE, Garden City, Kan.

WANTED.—Sets with dita for good singles
withont data. W.WRIGHT, N. Fallerton Ave,
Mountelair, N. J. 3

HIVE DOLLARS worth of birds eggs. 5 all
bums. 110)-eigarette pictures for climbers. If
you havnt the ahove, state what you have,
ROGERS GILLESPIR, Starkville. Miss,

STUDERS POPULAR ORNITHOLOGY...
(elegant edition, 119 colored plates, 12 x 15
inches,) Ridgeway'’s Manual (mew) and other
hooks for exchattge or sale. Wanted especially
Cones’ Key (latest and in first-class condition).
MARK MANLEY. Canton, N. Y.

WESTERN AMATEURS.—T have common
Eastern eges to exchange for common West-
erm eggs, also some Indian relics, a few hun-
dred numbers of ihe Youth’s Companion. con-
tinued stories complete, and a ‘‘Davie’s Nésts
and Eges of North American Birds,” almost
branNew. #1.75 edition. for climbers rife AER.
Ornithological or Oolog*enl papers. or anything
desirable. Send list and receive mine in re-
turn. FOSTER MARIS, Annapolis, Ind.

oN pon,

WAN ED,—A ferret good for rabbit ari oth
0d exchange in eggs for one. Address, W- EK
PRATT, Lake Forest, Il}.

_ TO EXCHANGE :— Cigarette miceunaar aaa

ners and magazines on Ornithology. PRANK
L. OWENS, Brooklyn. Ta.

LOOK !. LOOK ! Lot of Golden: Days: magic
lantern (40. specimeus). stamps, book, good
. fishing tackle, etc., what OEE es fossils. Curi-
_ osities, Minerals and ores. ndciee see R,
: ‘Lititz, Paine 25h

IOFFER mee rare sets of eggs in exchange

complete volumes of the Auk, or a Photo outfit.
Will mention a few of the many sets I have to
offer, A. O. U. Nos, 16, 829, 337a, 345, 349, 378¢.
3788. Send for a complete list. Letters answered
but postal cards not noticed. W. CAULK,

Fe ’ Terre Haute, Ind.

- TO EXCHANGE.—Books on Hota Natur
_ al History, Mineralogy, Geology, and Chemis-
_try, all standard works‘ will exchange for sets
and singles, of eggs, both rare and common,
And books on Ornithology and Oology, state.
¥ plainly what you want and have all letters
“answered. DANIEL T. KISSAM, 54 Sterling
é Place, Brooklyn, N. Y. ~

I HAVE for exchange first-class full sets with
data, of the following varieties of eggs. Puf-
fin, CalefiGull, Black Skimmer, American
White Pelican, Am, Bittern, Limpkin, Sora,
Chachalaca, White-winged Dove, Mexican
- Ground Dove, Turkey Vulture, Marsh Hawk,
Am, Sparrow Hawk, Prairie Horned Lark,
' Bobolink, Sharpes Seed Kater, &c., also cards,
Lists, letter heads, envelopes, bill heads, data,
return labels. ect. Printed and exchanged for
puch epee as Lwant. E.G. TABOR, Meridian,

_, TO EXCHANGE.—I will give in exchange

‘Ist elass kins for any of the following: 10 or 12
Bae Winchester shot gin, 22 or 32-4u. 36-4h, 40-
inchester, Marlin. or Colt’s rife. 38 or 44

“cal. or Smith and Wesson six-shooter, 32 or 38
- pocket revolver, belts for any of above or hols-
ters. hunting knife, reloading tools for rifle: or
a western saddle, bit, spurs, bridle lariat. quirt
or leather canteen. Give description and value
“all Bee eer FRED W.COOK, Box 142, Ri-

is

FOR SALE.—FVirst-class eggs in sets, a few
first-class skins and collecting gum, ‘will ex-
change for any of the following: B. L. shot-
gun, “repeating rifle: rifile, pocket collecting:
pistol, automatic camera, field glass,works on

Waxi. or Nat. Sis; *-and: Taxi.) tools; BY MM;
_RICHARDS, Farmington, Maine.

LOOK !—I have a Maynard American Flobert
Rifile, a 32-cal. double action revolver, a 30-cal.
Four barrelled pistol, a cheap guitar and about

’ 500 mixed stamps to exchange for Oologists or

t

Taxidermists instruments or a small bored
shot gun. Also, I will send anyone of the fol-
lowing bona fide recipes for every 15¢c worth of
birds eggs, or all four of them for 50c worth viz
How to eat fire without damage. How to be-
come a human pincushion e. 1., stick pins gnd
needles, all over the body without pain. How
Lo dance on glass or tacks. (bare footed). How
to become a contortionist. The recipes are
used by professionals. ISADOR S. TROST-
LER, 4828 Fairman St., Omaha,Neb.

about 500 varieties of postage stamps for pa-_

for works on Ornithology, Natural History, ;

Hare a y coneton of 140
gles with I would like to
Coues’ Key, latest. or all
send your mumbers by A. O. and
ing but fullsets wanted. WM. CHI
cor, 16 and Layacca Stueet, Austin

END STAMP for price list of bi
lowest rates. W. EB. secre boar ess

SPHOINS of shells for is ‘at hal
logue rates for one month only, catalog:
for 2ct stamp. 25 SP&CINS Cape May
shells for M. CHAS. R. Le Ww HEELER Cae
May, Ne J;

FOSSILS.

WiI=L S. GRAHAM,
Creston, Towa.

VALUABLE OOLOGIST:

The following No’s. of the OoLoGisT are
special value to to every collector > rae
Feb. ’89. Maurice esac tl 5 3 ‘ed-neadea
Family.” z ‘
March, ’89,’’Directions for making a Bird or
Mammal Skin.”’
Nov., ’89, Complete List of N. iA Bir th
prices of eges, also three pages of Oologieai
instruction.
Feb., 190, Complete List of N. A. Birds and the
% prices oftheir skins,
Feb., ’91, A complete descrpion of the first 62
numbers of fhe YOUNG OOLOGIST and OOL
GIST with price per copy, also an exhaustive
Index of Vol. V iT
Any of the above OoLoGisTs will be sent you
post paid for 5cts. or the entire five for only

wets: Address *
FRANK Bo LAQTIN,

ek ts

‘Scientific American
AOE for

‘CAVEATS,
TRADE MARKS,
DESICN PATENTS
COPYRICHTS, etc.

For information and free Handbook writeto
MUNN & , 361 BROADWAY, NEW ee
Oldest bureau for securing patents in Ameri
Eyery patent taken out by us is DrOTene perore:
the public bya hake given free of enetey in be

Largest: circulation of any aclentiie peper ae t
world. Splendidly illustrated. No intelli
man should be without it. Weekly, $3.!
¥¢ar; $1.50 six months. Address MUNN &
NY BLISHERS, 361 BrOnangs New York.

ee ee a

aS

Dhar Ro) eae

OonoGist and it was mailed to
subscribers on Jan. 18th.

DOLOGIST'S HANDBOOK,

CONTAINS *
86 Fages of Valuable Information.

It gives our regular orice jist of odlogical specimens

rh is the publication number of this

and supplies (th= most complete ever sent out by any

dealer). Jt gives ~ne common and scientific names of
ali North Amezican birds, arranged and numbered
according to Ridgeway’s (the Smithsonian) nomencla~
ture of 1881; it gives the numbers used in Baird's
check-list of 1859 and those used in Coue’s of 1883;
it gives the value of the eggs of over 500 species of
North American birds, this fact alone making thé
catalogre invaluable to collectors asa basis of ex=
change. It names the various families into which the
birds of North America are divided, and enumerates
the birds belonging to each family. It gives, approx-
imately, the number of eggs in a clutch of every
American bird. It tells how to prepare specimens for
cabinet, how to pack them fer transportation, with
many other useful hints.

We have a few hundred copies of our ’85
Hand-Book left and will close them out at
only 10cts each.

Frank H. Lattin, Albion, N. Y.

A Bad Cold Neglected
often means a pneumonia, Bronchitis
or consumption. HUMPHREYS’ SPEC-
IFIC NO. SEVEN is always safe, efti-
cient and reliable. Sold everywhere.

«HE YOUNG NATURALIST’S

A choice specimen of anything on this list will be sent post-paid for 5 CG. or we will send:
the entire collection, 45 specimens, packed in a nest wooden box poat-pald FON OL GS CWS.
29 Alligator Tootk, Indian River, Fla.

2 Card Marine Alga, Martha's Vineyard | 30 Crinoid Stem, Cumberland River Tenp.
3 ~ | 31 Cario Sponge, Brhamas
4# Sun Shell, Nassau. Behemas 32 Potrifled Wood, Sonoma Co., Cala
33 *Blectzrio” Stone, Jeif. Co., N. Y.

6 Bark from Cork-Tres, Spain 34 Sand Stark Egg, Atlanti
7 “Big Tree’ Bark, Mavipcea, Cala. 35 Mioxible Coral (ielitea), “Tonga Isler
36 Limpet, Béhamas

9 Chincee Coi t 87 Bloodytooth Shell, Nassan

os 38 Fosal Shark Tooth, S. C,
a HSS Coral, Singapore 39 Operculnm or Shell Door, Bahamas

12 Cypraa lynz, Singapore 40 Native Ledostone, Magn

13 Cypro heloola, sensaa 41 Olive Shall, Zanvibar ae
14 Cyproa Aro 42 6 Guineas Peas, Bahamas

15 Red Soa Be 43 Piece cf Loofab, Japan

16 Gray Sua De 44 2 Egg Capsules of Periwinkle, Atlantio
17 Brown-banded Sea ,

45 Pioce of Tapa Cloth, made by the Nm
18 Scrow Shell, China tives of Sami E

19 Branch Coral, Bshomas pees
20 Arrowhead, Orange Co., Indians
21 Acorn Barnacle, Pacific

—PUT UP AND Fou gine ny—
FRANK H. LATTIN,

22 Rose Coral, Bahamas Publisher of “THE OOLOGIST*

Oryate 5 Retail D, F

oe Sea Urshin, 2 Bieta a Hee Supptta ad

a wing froma Meteor, i , MM. arts = w uaa

36 Mais Chins, Gayion Coahuila, N. M Publications for the Naturalist,

27 Pink Coral, Corolino Isles Albion, N. Y.

28 Indian Pottery, Orleana Co., N. Y. Eee Senp 2c stip ror Comrtere Lists

We will sond the entire Collection by retarn mail, each specimon Label- NLY 65 CTS,
Address plainly, FRANK H LATTIN, ALBION. Ww. ¥.

THE OOLOGIST. 3

Davie’s Nests and Eggs

OF

NokKfH AMERICAN BIRDS,

Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with an
Introduction by J. Parker Norris, and Full
Page Illustrations of Nests, etc. by
Theodore Jasper, A. M., M.D.,
and W. Otto Emerson,

This work is descriptive of the Nests and Eggs
of the Land and Water Birds of North America,
which includes all the species known to exist—
those that occur.or are indigenous north of the
Southern United States boundary, inciuding
Greenland and the peninsula of Lower California.

The breeding range of each species is given,
the time of nesting, the exact number ot eggs
laid, their color and size together with the chief
characteristics of the birds.

The arrangement of the work is according to
the new nomenclature of the A. O. U. Code and
Check List, and the old numbers (Ridgeway’s),
as used in former editions, are placed to thse
right of each species. Throughout the text all
the common names ofthe birds are to be found,
and a COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX of these is

iven.
hes invaluable book asan aid for the identifi-
cation of specimens to all those collecting in the,
field.

The work consists of 475 pages and 13 full page.
Wlustrations.

Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth, $1.75.

FRANK H. LATTIN, ¢
Sole Wholesale Agent,
Aibion, N. ¥:

SPECIAL.

We have just received from
bindery 50 copies of ‘Dav
bound in flexIble cloth covers
long as they last we will send
to our patrons for $1.40 per

Orleans Co.

For INVENTORS. 40-page BOOK FRE
W T.Fitzgerald, Attorney at Law, Was]

Ny 5
\ : 3, azin “,
ey ters, Papers, etc., ea— 44:

j address boldly. printea me Lanne
wrapper. ‘you will receive ‘more
choice reading and heaviest mail
ee Cx any one atyourtown. We will ©
] also insert your address for twelve =
months in our Quaranteed Direc- a
tory, that goes whirling daily to
Ait Manufacturers and Publishers all Ey
over the world; and 500 of your boldly 4
7 Brintedid Gummed addresses, in two 8
SPR ss 3 8, for your persona i
your letters, books, ete.; also Lum Smith's (eae es
2 months (regular price alone 50 cents). All free and ost.
aid to you. Send your address to-day on a postal to ; 2

UNMMED ADDRESS CO.,126 S. 8th St., Phila., Pa.$

ERED aN

Oo

THE OOLOGIST.

AHOLIDAY OFFER

GREATEST BARGAIN EVER OFFERED.

Good until Feb. 15, 1892, (should supply exhaust before that
date will refund money).

FOR ONLY £33:0@

received on or before the above date, we will send by mail or ex-
press—all charges prepaid.

The OotLoaist for 1892 - - -/ -/ $950
Coupons for an Exchange Notice- - - .25
ne good for - BD

“‘Davie’s’ Nests and Eggs oi North Armenian Birds 1.25
And One Egg Of Each The A

Noddy Tern, Bahamas Sokeyas
Forster’s Tern, Lake iiiicine ane - - a5
Franklin’s Gull, Minn.. - - BAe |
Brown Pelican, Gulf of Mexico - - 525
American Coot, St. Clair Flats - - oe
Red-Shouldered Hawk - - - .50
Burrowing Owl, Nebraska - - 25
American Magpie, Nevada - - 125
Loggerhead Shrike - - - BBLS
Great Crested Flycatcher - - sh
Rose-breasted Grosbeak - - ES
Western Meadow Lark - - Bh
Red-headed Woodpecker - - - .08
Orchard Oriole - - - - LO
White-winged Dove - - 126
Texan Thrasher - - - Me 40)
Dwarf Cow-bird - - - .20
Carolina Wren - - - ahs
Barbary Partridge, Asia - - - 125
Egg of ‘‘Shark,” Atlantic 15
« «Hammerhead or Leopard Shark Paci 25
$7.57

For 50 cents additional ($3.50 in all) we will send the copy of
Davie’s bound in extra cloth. To any person accepting this offer
and enclosing $1.00 addittional, we will send a bound part of May-
nard’s ‘‘Birds of Eastern North America,”—worth from $2. oo to
$5.00. Earliest orders receive the most complete parts, or in fact
fully one-half of his valuable $18.00 work.

FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.

Ray eee

ae

foie
epee
—_—

ss ;

~-ee* oe
es
7 a
fe ee
en

ee eS
a 4 {

LONG LAKE

sod ea pees

ee

NESTS OF CANVAS-BACK & YELLOW-HEADED BLACKBIRD.

‘THE OOLOGIST.

ROL, IX.

Bird Nesting in North-West Canada.

By W. Rating, Toronto, CAn.*

Jan. 18, 1891.
Putting on my rubber boots I went
down to the lake behind the cabin.
Long Lake is about ten miles in length
and haifa mile wide. The Canadian
Pacific Railway crosses over it, and I

was now at the south end of the lake.
The lake is surrounded with tall
rushes and wild rice which grows ten
feet high. The place swarmed with
birds, and only those who have visited
a similiar spot, can form any idea of
the number and variety of wild fowls
frequenting sucha marsh. Out in the
open water, were Red-heads, Canvas-
backs, Scaups, and Ring-billed Ducks,
Blue-winged Teals,Shovellers, Mallards,
Western, Red-necked and Horned
Grebe, Coots and other water-birds,
while amongst the rushes were hun-

dreds of Yellow-headed Black-birds,
Red-winged Starlings and Marsh
Wrens.

On reaching the margin of the lake I
began to examine the rushes and soon
found a number of nests of the Yellow-
headed Black-bird, they are handsome
birds with brilliant orange colored
heads and breasts. ‘Their nests are cup-
shaped and made of grasses and fine
rushe: and contained four or five eggs
each, which resemble the Lark family
more t ‘an the black-birds.

Long-billed Marsh Wrens nests were
numerous and after examining about a
dozen nests I found one containing six
eggs- The water soon came over my
boot tops, but I did not mind getting
my legs wet, for I saw I was going to
have some sport.

This is cha ter17in Mr. Raine’s forth-coming
work on Bird. sting in North-West Canada.

ALBION, N. Y., JAN., 1892.

off its nest, just before my feet.

NO.1

Just in front of me I saw a large bas-
ket shaped nest, covered with grass
and aquatic plants, and brushing them
off I found the nest to contain a beauti-
clutch of twelve eggs of the Canvas-
backed Duck. The birds were swim-
ming out on the lake not far away.
The nest was similar to that of a Coot
and the eggs rested on a bed of down
and feathers, they were pale greenish-
drab and as large as the eggs of the
Red-head. I saw the eggs were fresh so
I put them in my handkerchief and
waded towards dry land. A few yards
further and a Carolina Crake stumbled
The
nest was about the size os a basin and
made of sedges and contained eight
buff colored eggs, spotted with reddish
brown.

I now had as many eggs as I could
carry so I took them to the shore and
erected a stick and fixed a piece of pa-
per on the top of it so I could easily
find the place again. I then explored
the rushes further on and soon found

several nests of the Coot containing

from six to nine eggs each. AsI took
the eggs from each nest I marked each
cluteh with a pencil so that I could

‘easily sort out the:clutches after blow-

ing them, this is what all collector’s
should do when they find several nests
and eggs of the same species in one
day.

Supposing you find three nests of:
Coots containing six, eight and nine
eggs each, the first clutch should be
marked 1-6,the second 2-8 and the third
3-9, and so on. y

My next find was a floating damp
nest of the Horned Grebe, the eggs
were covered over with rushes and it is
surprising how the eggs can hatch in
such a damp situation. The nest con-
six fresh eggs which are a trifle larger

6 _ THE OOLOGIST.

than those of the Pied-billed Grebe.

Coots nests began to be numerous
and I suppose I could have collected
two hundred eggs had I wished, but
three clutches satisfied me, so I left the
rest.

Yellow-headed and Red-winged Black
birds nests were also plentiful and
every part of rushes contained three or
four nests. As I was again loaded with
eggs. I waded to the shore once more
and placed the eggs with the others
previously collected. as

The sun was very powerful and tow-
ards evening the mosquitoes were a
terror, my neck was so sore from their
stings that I could searceiy sleep that
night. I filled up my soft hat and
handkerchief with eggs and carried
them further along the banks of the
lake towards another part of wild rice.
On my way I flushed a male Wilson’s

Phalarope from in front of my feet and -

soon found its nest and four handsome
eggs well concealed in the centre of a
tussock of marsh grass. The eggs are
smaller than those of the Spotted Sand-
piper and are clay colored, heavily spot-
ted and blotched with blackish brown.
After the female has laid the eggs, she
leaves them to the male bird, who sits
on them close until the eggs are hatch-
ed. The female in the meantime en-
joys herself with other females who
spend their time in feeding and swim-
ming about and flying around chasing
each other for sport. Wilson’s Phalar-
. Opes are like turtle doves among birds,
they are gentle‘ handsome in plumage,
elegant in form and graceful in their
movements.

In approaching the thick part of wild
rice and rushes, two great birds flew up
with a big flap and a splash, which
gaye me such a sudden start that it
caused me to stumble into deep water
and Isank up to the waist. I got out
as soon as I could, but I was pretty
damp. H®wever, I was going to ex-
amine that clump of rushes if I got up

to the neck in the attempt. So after
wading cautiously I reached the
patch of rushes, when to my delight I
beheld a great nest, the size of a cart
wheel and nearly two feet high. Four
steps farther and my eyes rested on, what.
do you think? Great Scott ! two hand-
some eggs of the Little Brown Crane,
well, you can guess my heart throbbed
with joy, and I felt like yelling out at
the top of my voice. The eggs were
warm, but on trying them with a drill I
found they were only slightly ineuba-
ted. The nest was a mass of rushes

and aquatic plants, centre hollowed |

and lined with grass and feathers, and
the eggs were yellowish drab, mottled

and blotched with reddish brown and

are larger than the eggs of the Canade

Goose. Putting one in each pocket I

waded tothe shore and as I was very

wet I directed my steps to the cabin

which was a mile and a half away, and

changed my clothes, I took as many
eggs as I could carry with me, intend-

ing to return later for the rest.

Two Birds of Western Kansas.

Swainson’s Hawk; Black Rail.

Swainson’s Hawk,
sont). This Hawk appears
large numbers in the fall, chiefly dur-
ing the harvest time. During the heat
of the day they are very sluggish, allow-

(Buteo swain-

ing a person to approach quite close, as —
they perch on a fence post, hay-stack or

any exposed situation; but early in the

mornipg and evening they are easily |

alarmed, taking flight on the least sus-
picious moyement.
crawling a long distance through weeds
and sand-burs, in the hope of securing

a specimen, have I looked up only to~
see my prospective game sailing high

overhead out of shooting range.

In 1890, while hauling alfalfa, I ob-}
served several of these Hawks hopping ~

clumsily around in the field catching —
grasshoppers, which were unusually

here in

How often, after

EAS oi

_abundant at that time, and I do not
doubt that they destroyed large num-
bers of smaller mammals, mice, ete.

Last spring (1891) several companions
besides myself spent a week hunting
and fishing in Pawnee Valley, Garfield
Co., among the eggs collected by my-
self while there, is a fine set of three of
the Swainson’s Hawk. The bulky nest
“was composed of sticks, weeds and
pieces of cow manure, and was placed
‘about twenty feet up on a slanting
ledge. The eggs were fresh and show
yery diverse markings. Hach have
a ground color of bluish white; on one
the spots are confluent around the large
end, forming a reddish brown blotch,
splashed with spots of a darker tint;
on another the spots run together form-
ing a blotch around the smaller end,
the third is unmarked with the excep-
tion of afew faint wavy lines around
the large end. Several other nests
were found in the same vicinity, all old
ones, and very likely built by the same
pair of birds in successive years.

Two or three days after finding the
above nest, I found another of the same
Species, unfinished. It was placed ona
knoll higher than the surrounding hills.
Sandstone rocks, nearly a foot thick,
Were placed in the form of a circle
about three feet in diameter, and the
Inside of the circle was filled With

Stones gradually-decreasing in size to ~

the center, thus forming a basin-like
‘platform on which to build the main
‘Mest of sticks and weeds. A.few sticks
‘had already been placed on the struc-
(gure. I regreted very much that I was
“Dot able to remain in the valley long
/enough to secure the eggs.
Black Rail, (Porzana janaicensis).
| My acquaintance with the Black Rail
)is very jimited, so limited that I hesi-
tated long before offering to share it
With the readers of the O6LoGIsT.

On June 6, 1889, while my brothe™
and myself were hunting Blackbirds
€ggs in a shallow pond, my brother
found a nest of this species. The pond

THE OOLOGIST. (i:

was partly filled with water from re- |
cent rains, and was covered with thick
growth of small weeds, from one to two
feet high. The nest was placed on a
low ridge near the center of the pond,
and contained nine fresh eggs—a sight
to make a collecto1’s eyes sparkle, and
I can assure you it did ours. ‘The nest
—a neat compact structure—was com-
posed entirely of blades of a kind of
water grass.

The eggs are light cream color, thick-
ly spotted with fine reddish dots and
purple shell markings, thickest around
large end.

Harry W. MENKE,
Garden City, Kans.

Ornithologists Association.

SECRETARY’S REPORT.

At the meeting of the Association on
November 3d, the following new mem-
bers were elected:

Active—John M. Davis, 324 Pa. Ave.
S. E. Wash. D. C.

Corresponding—Geo. H. Gray, 1826
N. Mount St., Baltimore, Md., Rolla P.
Currie. 108 N. 5th St. Grand Forks, N.
Dakota, S. R. Ingersoll, Ballston, Spa.,
N.Y., HE. E.N. Murphy, 510 Jackson
St. Athens, Ga., H. R. Kellogg, Alpena.
Mich.

At the regular monthly meeting Dec.
1, 1891, the following persons were
elected corresponding members of the
Association:

Edmund Heller, Riverside, Cal., W.
S. Strode,” M. D., Bernadotte, Ilis.

President Langille made a few re-
marks on the nomenclature and points
of diflierentiation of Ortyx virginiana,
Lagopus albus, and Bonasa wmibellus.

The popular names of Ortyx and Bo-
nasa are the same in different sections
of the country, but it has been deter-
mined that Ortyx is not a quail but is
really a Partridge.

In form itis stouter and its bill is

8 THE OOLOGIST.

shorter than that of the European Quail
which it approaches in size while re-
sembling the European Partridge in
structure.

In size itis much smaller than Bona-
sa or Lagopus and its tarsus and toes
are bare,

Bonasa is not a Partridge but a
Grouse is much larger than Ortyx and
unlike Lagopus never turns white in
winter.

Its tarsus is feathered to the toes, oc-
cassionally undeveloped feathers are
found on the toes, but as a rule they
may be said to be naked.

The Ptarmigan (Lagapus albus)turns
partially or wholly white during the
winter and its tarsus and toes are very
heavily feathered.

The work of a designing creative in-
telligence seems to be presented very
clearly in the structure and modifica-

tions of these three classes of birds, the
Partridge, Grouse, and Ptarmigan.
Natural adaptation to surroundings
seems to show not the endowment of
mere animal matter with intelligence
but the power of an All Wise Provi-
dence.

A. B. FARNHAM,

Secretary and Treasurer
Western New York Naturalists’ Association.
NEW OFFICERS.

The following appointments were
made Noy. 6th, and have been accepted
for Vice-President, to fill vacancy, Dr.
A.G. Prill, Springville. N.Y. Secre-
tary, in place of B. S. Bowdish resigned
E. B. Peck, Clifton Springs, N. Y.
Three new active members have been
admitted. One corresponding and one
honorary. It is thought best to try and
hold a public meeting this winter, pro-
bably in Rochester, which we will try
to make both interesting and instruc-
tive.

E. H. SHorT,
President.

tered as any other of God’s gifts.

NOTICE OF MEETING.

A meeting of the said society will be
held in Rochester, N. Y., Feb. 8, 1892.
From 10:30 to 12 a. m will be a business.
meeting for active members only.

From 8 to 10 p. m. will be a public: |

meeting to which all interested in the
society and the public in general ‘are
cordially invited. Papers on Natural
History especially Botany and Ornith-.
ology will be read and such collections.

as can be procured will be exhibited.

In fact all we can do will be done to.
make the meeting both interesting and
instructive. Committees will meet
trains at all stations inthe city on the
morning of-the 3d-
E. H. SHORT, Pres.
E. B. PEcK, Sec.

EX-SEC. BOWDISH’S VALEDICTORY.

In the town of Phelps, Ontario Co., —

N. Y., on the evening of Sept., 15, 1891,
there was born, the Western New York
Naturalists Association.

Brothers and sisters in the love of
nature, are you interested in this birth?
The answer is of vital importance to.
you. As wellas to the newly born as-
sociation.

Tf the love of nature is in you, be
sure that it is God implanted the gift
of such a taste is just as much to be fos-
The
talk to the effect that this is nonsense:
and-so-forth, comes from those who.
never having had any such taste are
utterly disqualified to judge of such a.
matter. Now, kind reader let us take
it for granted you are interested in the

study of nature, if you have the love of —

this study at heart, do you not wish to.
further the advancement of the study?
Can we not better work together than
singly? The answer to both of these.
questions must be in the affirmative.
Such conclusions as these led to the
birth of this association, having been
born it was christened, as nearly as.
possible; in accordance with the wishes

THE OOLOGIST. 9

of all concerned. Christening gifts are
now in order, and we want the gift
from each one, of their aid and support
None are too young to join in this work
not One inexperienced.

At \3 birth the association did me the
honor toma: me its secretary, and I
have since endea-ored to, faithfully
perform the duties of this office. Other
duties have called me away, I have
been obliged to resign this position
but membership in the _ associa-
tion, and deep interest in - its
cause, I will ever retain, in leaving you
I have one last request to make, will
you, each and everyone pledge your
support to this association? Will you join
its ranks either as active, or associate
member, as your location admits, and
then seek out those whose tastes are
similar, and induce them to do likewise
will you, as far as possible attend the
meetings and assist to carry forward
the work? If you are willing to do this,
communicate with either the President
Mr. Ernest H. Short, Chili, N. Y., or
with Neil F. Posson, Medina, or the
Secretary whose future appointment
will be announced through these col-
umns, and in so doing please enclose a
stamp that the young and poor associa-
tion may have as litte expense as pos-
sible.

I think I hear you answer that you
grant this request.

May God watch over and prosper our
association and each of its members
till I may once more have the pleasure
of meeting with you all again.

Yours in the love of nature
B. S. BowpisH.
EE te aM es
The Blue Grosbeak.

A gentleman in last O6LOGIsT wanted
to hear from others on the habits of
this bird. They are not at all plentiful
here, but I see a pair or two every year.
Last year I found a nest on June 16
containing three young birds, which

would have left the nest ina few days.
I placed the young birds ina cage and
hung it ina tree near the house so I
could have a chance to study the habits
of the old birds.

The habits of the Blue Grosbeak are
nearer that of the Painted Bunting than
that of the Cardinal, but like the Paint-
ed Bunting while the female is carrying
on the incubaeion the male sits on the
top of some tree and sings his little
song, which is composed of a few short
notes and can hardly be told from the
song of the Painted Bunting, except it
is a little coarser and lacks a little of
the sweetness of the Painted Bunting’s
song. The alarm notes are nearly the
same as those of the Painted Bunting,
except they are louder and sharper.

The female feeds the young, she be-
gims as soon as she can see in the morn-
ing, but does not seem to be in much
hurry until after the sun is up, then
comes a rush of business with her until
about ten o’clock then she _ feeds
sparingly until about four’ p. m., then
comes another rush of work until night
forces her to withdraw.

When the female goes for food the
male always goes with her, when she
stops to catch a grasshopper he mounts
the top of a tree or bush and sings his
song and he does the same thing when
they get back to the nest, he never
looses sight of his mate from daylight
to dark.

My young birds grew very fast and
looked very much like young Painted
Buntings. But about July 18th a snake
got in the cage and killed my birds.

The nest which contained the young
birds was in a large patch of tall weeds
and was suspended, being tied on three
sides to weeds and 18 inches from the
ground, composed of weeds known to
me aS pepper grass lined with fine
brown rootlets, the whole outside was
plaited with snake skin.

On July 21 I found another nest built
by the same bird which was also in a

10 THE OOLOGIST.

patch of weeds about ten steps form my
door. This nest was also pensile, it
was about three feet from the ground.
The two nests were so much alike one
could hardly tell one from the other.
The last nest contained two fresh eggs,
they were‘pale bluish white, I accident-
ly let them fall on the floor. So I guess
you know the last so Vl tell you no
more.
Kir ATKINSON,
Dime Box, Lee Co., Texas.

Maryland Yellow-throat; Chewink.

In reply to Mr. A. B. Call’s query in
Vol. 8, No. 10 of the OdLOGIST, would

say, I have collected seven sets of the

Maryland Yellowthroat and have seen
some six or eight nests with eggs and
young birds in which I did not take and
in the whole series I did not find any
placed on the ground as our good friend
Davie says they are. They are placed
in this locality in clumps of weeds, which
are mingled with fine grasses and are
placed from six inches to eighteen
inches above the ground.

Robert Ridgeway in his Manual of N.
A.B. says: ‘Nests on or near the
ground supported between weeds or
coarse sedge stalks, with a deep founda-
tion of leaves.” Oliver Davie in his
Nestand Hges of N. A. B- says: ‘“‘Placed
on the ground tucked under a tuff of
grass.” Eliot Coues in his Key to N. A.
B. says: ‘Nests on or near the ground.”
Thus we see diversity of opinions. I
believe, however, all are cortect for
birds of one locality use altogether diff-
erent nest material from some of same
species found in other localities,and are
just as liable to select different nesting
sites as to use different material. Hop-
ing the note may be of interest to at
least Mr. Call.

In Vol. 8, No. 11 of O6LoGistT, Mr.
W. D. F. Lumunis in his article on the
Chewink, Chewee, Towhee, makes one
slight error of which I wish to correct.
He says that they do not dwell in fields

pastures and clearings. I have obsery-
ed this bird in Darke Co., Ohio, Madi-
son Co., Iowa and Marion Co., Ills, and
I tind them in greater numbers in clear-
ings, edges of woods, fence runs which
are lined with briers and brush than in
the dense timber, and think nothing of
seeing them in this locality in the or-
chards and along hedge fences in and
around town. Ithinkif friend Lummis
will examine the clearings of Coon River
bottom near Des Moines he will find the
Towhee in clearings. I have and only
thirty miles west of his city.
Respectfully, «4
C. Byron VANDERCOOK,
Odin, Ills.

The Bronzed Grackle.

Quiscalus purpureus aeneas.

This is one of our most interesting if
not most gayly colored birds. It inhab-
its the territory enclosed in the Missis-
sippi Valley, and those who have never —
had the good fortune to see this bird
alive may know that it is one of the
most energetic business-like birds in
category of North America avi fawna.
They are extremely gregarious, very ©
large flocks migrating together and ~
nesting in the same vicinity. They us- ©
ually make their appearance from the ~
South about the middle of Mareh and ©
leave for warmer climes about the mid- ©
dle of September.

I had always supposed that our®
Grackle was the ‘Purple Grackle,” I”
suppose because it was ‘‘purple,” until
I received a skin of the Bronzed species
from a Kansas friend. It then dawned ©
upon me that our Grackle was the ~
Bronzed and not the Purple at all. ~
Then followed the task of changing in ~
my note books all references to the ©
“Purple Grackle”’ and making a note :
in the margin as to the identity. é

The eall of the Bronzed Grackle is by _
far the most rasping, scraping sound —

——_——

lin

THE OOLOGIST.

that ever came from avian tongue, but,
nevertheless, it is pleasant to hear on
some clear, frosty morning in March,
coming from the top of a tall tree.

How well I remember the first one I
heard in 1890. The wind was blowing
quite a gale, when I heard the call of
“quiscalus” coming on the wind. I
rushed out of doors and there on the
topmost branch of a mammoth cotton-
wood tree sat guiscalus, scraping away
like the fiddler at a backwoods hoe-
down, although he could hardly retain
his equilibrium on the branch when an
especially hard gust would come dash-
ing down from the North.

The Bronzed Grackle builds a large
and bulky nest. usually in the upper
part ofatreee They seem to havea
special fondness for cedar trees,
and as they are gregarious in their nest-
ing habits, a grove of these trees is us-
ually selected as their nesting site.
During the breeding season ‘Bedlam
reigns”’ in these tenarted groves, and I
have walked through it when the
ground was literally covered with the
excrement, and every branch was white
with it.

In the nest the female deposits 4 to. 6
eggs. of an olivaceous green shade,
thickly blotched with very dark brown.
In size the eggs average 1.238x.90.

The eggs of this bird I find to be
highiy variable in size as well as color-
ation. They are often almost. without
spots or blotches of any kind, and I
have also seen some in which
blotches almost entirely covered
original back ground.

But this bird has one strong. oppon.
ent to contend against, and that is the
bad hame given it by a certain‘ class of
uneducated farmers who can look on
but one side of the question, and can
not be made to believe that the Grackle
repays him tenfold for the comparative
mite of grain that he consumes. Con-
sequencely they are often driven away

the
the

and their homes despoiled by the farm-.

CTE

ers who thinks it is “a good riddance
ff bad rubbish.”

In conclusion I desire to urge all of
our young ornithologists to write their
experiences with their feathered friends
or on the habits of birds that come un-
der their special observation, as such
articles are always read and enjoyed by
all, old or young, who are interested in
the study of ornithology and the ad-
vancement of this most interesting
branch of natural science.

AIx SPONSA,
Ne braska City, Neb.

Albino Eggs of the Long-billed Marsh —

Wren.
I noticed in the November OdLoGiIst-
about the finding of albino eggs of the
Long-billed Marsh Wren. On June 12th
91, while out collecting in the marshes
on the Detroit River with J. Claire
Wood, we found four sets of Albino
Marsh Wren eggs. One set of five
were pure white, and very round for
the-bird. Another set of six was just
the opposste being like the normal eggs
ef this species. These eggs were all
identified properly. Several other sets
had only a few faint markings on the
larger end of the eggs. I thought these
Albino eggs were rather unusual, but
as I never ‘have seen anything about
them in ornithological papers I thought
that I would let you know about them.

B. A. SWALES,
j Detroit, Mich.

*On Noy. 1, 91a friend of mine hand-
ed me a pair of American Crossbills,
maleand female which he had managed
to kill with a sling shot while they were
feeding on sun flower seed. There was
a large flock tame and easily approach-
ed, These arethe first I have ever seen
in this State. sede
W. W. SEARLES, ~

Lime Springs, Ia, ©

12 THE OOLOGIST.

THE OOLOGIST

A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY.
FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.
Editor and Publisher.

Corresnondence and items of interest fo the
student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited
from all.

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.
Single Subscription 50¢ per annum
Sample Copies = = = = - 5c each
The above rates include payment of postage by us.

Each suhseriher is given two coupons, one good
for an Exchange Notice and.the other for 25c.
when presented with an order of $1.90 or over.
Send stamp for Premium List for obtaining new
subscribers.

Subseriptions must begin with either January
or July issues. Back numbers of the OOLOGIST
can be furnished at reasonable rates. Send
stamp for descriptions and prices.

(t="Remember that the publisher must he no-
tified bv letter when a subscriber wishes his pa-
per stoped. and all arrearages must be paid.

NEW ADVERTISING RATES.
20 CENTS PER NONPAREIL LINE EACH INSERTION.
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Remittances should be made bv Draft, Express
or Post Office Monev Order. Registered Letter or
Postal Note. Unused UT. S. Postage Stamps of
- any denomination wiil he accented for sums un-
der one dollar. Make Monev Orders and Drafts
pavable and address all subscriptions and com-
munications to FRANK Ff. LATTIN.

Albion, Orleans Co., N.Y.

*.* Articles, Items of Interest and Queries
for publication shonld be forwarded as early in
the month as possible.

@WTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER,
——————

Complete Index of Vol VIII will be
printed in Feb. O6LOGIST.

February O6LOGIST. promises to be
the most valuable number ever pub-
lished.

The Xmas presents as promised in
December O6LOGIST were mailed to
nearly two hundred of our patrons on
Jan. 11th.

Prizes for Best Articles.

During the past our readers have
gratuitously supplied us with more
MSS. than we could possibly use. For

this we feel very grateful and would
gladly have given them pecuniary com-
pensation were it not willed that pub-
lishers of Natural History papers must
do otherwise in order to amass an enor-
mous fortune, or we might add (joking-
ly of course) to meet our printer’s bills.

Publishers of defunct publications,
who are now, in their retirement sq uan-
dering a few of these ‘‘amassed for-
tunes” can appreciate the tenderness of
which we speak of ‘‘printer’s bills.”

Well, to resume—we have decided to
give our patrons, each month, five
prizes. These prizes are to be awarded
to the five best articles appearing in the
O6LOGIST in which the offers are made.

For the five articles in this O6LOGIST
which are the most instructive, valu-
able and interesting we shall give as
follows:

1st prize—A Part of Maynard’s Birds
of Eastern North America, bound in
boards and leather.

2nd prize—Davie’s Key to the Nests
and Eggs of N. A. Birds, in flex. cloth.

3d prize—Same as 2d prize, in paper.

4th and 5th—Each a set with data of
the Noddy.

For the February competion we will
give the same set of prizes,and through-
out the year the aggregate value of
these monthly prizes will not be less
than ten dollars.

The articles entering into competition

must contain at least one hundred

words and we prefer that they do not
exceed seven hundred words, unless
they fairly teem with very, very inter-
esting facts or happenings—Remember
that ‘‘fancies,” ‘ rehashes,” ‘“‘sparrow
stories” and articles of a similar nature
are not solicited and will rarely be
found ‘“‘available.”’

THE JUDGES: Yow have been sel-
ected to act as one of the Judges in
these Prize article contests, and your
decision must be promptly and fairly
given, and in no case later than the
15th of the month following the one on
which the O6LOGIST was issued upon
which your decision is given, for exam-
ple your decision for this months com-
petition must be mailed us not later
than Feb. 15th. Write on the back of a
postal card the articles which you have

plete

THE OOLOOIST. 13,

decided to be the most valwable, instruc-
tive and interesting in this number of
O6LOGIST and mail to us. Number the
articles in the order which you think
the prizes should be awarded.

While we ean hardly .afford to com-
pensate our Judges, we have thought
it advisable to give three prizes one to
each of the three whose decisions are
nearest the final award of prizes and in
the January competition the Judge
whose list of five articles is the nearest
the awarded list, we will give a copy of
Davie’s Key to the Nests and Eggs of N.
A. Birds, paper. Second a set of Nod-
dy. Third, a copy of ‘‘Natural History
Plays.” In ease of a tie, the earliest
mailed list takes the prize.

Send in your MSS. also your deci-
sions. Address all to

The Bubisher of the OdLoGIST,
Albion, N.Y.

Are Nesting Cavities Occupied More Than
Once?

During the last season I have noticed
a large number of cavities occupied by
different birds and while many were
newly excavated I think that the maj-
ority were not. Itis well known that
Sparrow Hawks if undisturbed will oc-
cupy the same cavity for years in suc-
cession. One pair of the above occup-
ieda cavity excavatedby a pair of Flick-
ers in an elm tree by the roadside for
three years. One summer I took two
sets from them on which they left and
occupied a tree nearly half a mile away.
This year I took a set from them on
which they left and occupied the old
nest in the elm stub. I also know of a
Flicker that has occupied the same tree
for several years.

A Red-headed Woodpecker built in a
walnut tree near here four years ago,
the next year they returned but excav-
ated a new hole although the old one
was not out of repair. The next year
she repeated the performance but last
year she began again and left on strik-
ing an old hole.

I have noticed several Chickadee’s
nests but never found eggs in an old

one, so I think that although Sparrow
Hawks, Flickers and possibly other var-
ities of large woodpeckers occupy old
holes, Chickadees and MRed-headed
Woodpeckers almost invariably excav-
ate new ones.

Now although it hardly comes under
the head of this article, I will say that I
think organization would be beneficial
to ornithologists, and would like to
hear through the columns of the OoLo-
GIST what qualifications would be de-
cided upon for membership.

W. E. AIKEN.
Benson, Vt.

—_$_>—~<~—> ->—+

Old Recollections.

In June 1877, my friend Frank Harris,
and the writer started on a collecting
trip to Target Lake. To reach the lake.
it was necessary to go by boat through
sloughs and swamps about two miles.
Sometimes the water was too shallow
for our lightskiff and we were obliged to,
get out in the mud and water andpull the.
boat after us. ‘The sloughs were fairly
alive with Coots, Grebes and Rails. And
Yellow-head and Red-wing Blackbird’s
nests could be seen, supported by the
reeds, in large numbers. The floating
nests of the Pied-billed Grebe could be
seen on every side. We pulled our
boat along side of the nests, and made
exchanges with the Grebes. We found
the Coots nests near the shore in the
rushes and got some fine sets. Here we
found our first nest of the King Rail,
built in the reeds a few inches above
the water, with a covering over it to
protect it from the hot sun. We re-
member how carefully we parted the
reeds at the top to see what it contained
We count the eggs twice, no mistake,
there is fourteen creamy colored eggs,
spotted with light reddish brown. We
have some of them yet in our collection.
Most of the Blackbird’s nests contained
fresh eggs. We remember when we

14 THE OOLOGIST.

reached the lake. The Coots and
‘Grebes were to be seen in countless
numbers. We went along the east
shore and found Wood Ducks and Tree
Swallows nesting ‘in the elms and wil-
low stubs. In some instances the swal-
lows had to be taken from the nest by
hand. We secured several nice sets.
‘On the west side of the lake we found
several nests of the Virginia and Sora
Rails, most of them contained eggs.
‘On our way home several Least Bittern
were seen in the tall wild rice. But we
failed to locate their nests. But we
were well satisfied with our trip.
W. HARRISON,
Houston Co., Minn.

+

Summer Tanager.

Six or seven years ago the Summer
Red Bird or Summer Tanager was rare-
ly seen in this vicinity, and, if it nested
‘at all, bred in the thick scrub oaks far
from any human habitation.

Five years ago I shot a fine male in
full plumage, that was the first Summer
Tanager taken here.
year or two ago, however, that they be-
‘come anyways common, and now it can
be seen almost any. summer day. Its
pecular metalic note easily leads to its
identification and also to the discovery

‘of its nest. I have collected many

nests that I never would have discover-

ed had not the male bird uttered its cry
‘of alarm at my proximity.

The male and female bird differ much’

in plumage, the former being a “dull
vermilion red and the latter olive

The nest of the Summer Redbird here
is one of the prettiest and neatest we
have, it is composed outwardly of tine

weed stems and internally of fine grass-

es, these grasses are green when’ pro-
Eau
as they retain

cured by the bird, and
their color for weeks, give the nest a
very pretty appearance. e

The nests are invariabally built on a

It was not until a

horozontal braneh or limb usually of
oak, here.

Davie states in his last edition of the
“Nests and Eggs of North American
Birds” that the nest of this species are
frail and the bottom unusually thin, in ~
fact in some cases the “eggs could
be seen from the ground,” » this;
while it may apply to the nests of the
Summer Redbird in some loealities, will
not apply to the nest of Pirango rubra
in Aiken county, which are compactly
and handsomely built.

The average number of eggs of this
species is three, sometimes four. In col-

they are a bright emerald green
when first taken but this bright clear
green fades in a month or two after the
egg is blown, it is spotted dotted and
blotched with various shades of lilac,’
brownish purple and dark brown.
Davie also states the eggs are not dis-
tinguishable from those of P. erythom-
elas. Now all the eggs of that species
that have come under my observation
can be easily distinguished from the
former, differing from it both in shape:
and markings. The eggs of the Sum-
mer Tananger, however, much resemble »
the eggs of M. polyglottos—nocking -
bird—when first taken. A series of 14
eggs in my cabinet average .88 by .67.
S. A. TAFT.
Aikenyiowen

Pt et

“The Way of the Transgressor is Hard.”

To the truth of the above saying one.
Win. Purdy with his numerous aliases,
whom we published in December O6L0-
GIsT, can ere long most painfully testify,
in one of his vietims he made a poor
choice in selecting the Publisher of a
leading daily paper in one of the Jar-
gest cities of the U. S. This Publisher '
with ample means, proof and counsel
intendsif possible to place Purdy where
honest collectors are—unknown.

This month we sorrowfully add_ to
our Tol] of dishonor the names of Let-
son: Balliet alias Dean Schooler, of Des
Moines, Iowa, and that of J. W.P.
Smithwick, of Sans Souci, N. C. The,
necessity of publishing’ these names we

THE OOLOGIST. 15,

much regret as both are young men of
the best home reputations and their
families are of high rank.

Balliet claims that his sending out
very common eggs for rareties was
through his ignorance, which is un-
doubtedly the truth, for no one but an
excessively ignorant collector would
have sent out Mourning Dove eggs for
those of the Saw-whet Owl, but Mr. B.
madea bad mess of it when he attempt-
ed to replace them under an alias with
woodpecker eges, He promises to
“never do so any more” and to replace
any spurious eggs he may have sent out
with genuine ones or cash.

Smithwick pleads “ignorance” and
that owing to his tender years he ‘“did-
n’t know any better,” we are inclined
to differ with him, however, for at the
age of 21 the average oOlogist is out of
swaddling garments and,in the North at
least, knows much more, in his own esti-
mation, than ever after.

Smithwick has doubtless palmed
off more spurious eggs during
the past two years on innocent and un-
suspecting collectors—and older ones
too, who had the utmost confidence in
his statements and integrity—than any
single odlogist that has come to our
notice. Wehave long suspected that
his Florida Burrowing Owls were spur-
ious and last season returned them to
him without explanation, he was still
persistent and among others sent us a
set of ‘‘Saw-whets” ‘we had him” there
sure and by a little manouvering-
elicited from him three different “origi,
nal” datas for this single set of rareties
but the datas-fail to agree.

Data No.1 reads: Collector, Franklin
Benner. Locality, Leech Lake, Minn.

Data Nowe) ON Ee or Je) WP!
Smithwick. Locality, near Leech Lake,
Minn. Date, April 18, 1890.

Data No. 38, ‘“‘Miners” from C. A.
Wiley. Locality, ‘‘Copper Regions,”
Mich. Date, April 19, 1890. Identifica-
tion was‘‘A No. 1,’ ’“‘female caught on
nest’’ &e.

We know that many of our advanced
odlogical friends will fairly turn green
with envy after reading of our bonanza,
now as these three datas (we didn’t try
to obtain any more) for a single set
were secured on July 24th, Aug. 3d
and August 138th respectively,
how many could we have secured
up to date? It is our candid opin-
‘ion that we would have found our
“stool pigeon”? as prolific as that renow-
ned Massachusets Flicker.

In companship with our Owl datas,
we have an equally wonderful array ac-
companying some Broad-tailed” (%)
Hummers, to-wit: No. 1 Collector,
Wm. G. Smith; Locality, Loveland, Col.
Nos2sS: Be igor Je VV. P.Smithwick;
Pueblo Co., Col. No.3 “Surveying par-
ty;” Yalencia Co., New Mexico. We
have failed to loeate the ‘‘Co.” yet, but
then we have the “‘original” data.

We, however, were not alone in ac-
quiring desirable sets of Smithwick,
ouly last week a friend in a neighbor-
ing city sent us for inspection a set of
Cooper’s Hawk which 8. sent him for
Swallow-tailed Kites from Starr Co.,
Texas—poor Fool—and a set of Red-
starts, which 8. personally collected
and saw the bird and sent them to our
friend as Yellow-throated Warblers.

very set of eggs that has passed
through Smithwick’s hands, if its iden-
ty cannot be positively determined by
the specimens themselves we consider.
valueless and the data, from our own
experience, and from what we might
have secured by following up our own
‘No. 3's,” can almost as truthfully be
filled out:—Collector, “Adain’’; Local-
ity, “Oblivion.”

F. M. Kinne, formerly of Knoxville,
Towa, but now of 419 Sixth Ay., Des
Moines has for several years had a re-
putation of being very slow especially
in making returns to exchangers, he
has apparently been prompt in offerings
desirable specimens, but after receiving
your specimens it has required from
one to three months of patient waiting,
continuous spurring and in many cases
serious threatening to elicit returns.
He usually gave plausible reasons for
delay and as far as our knowledge goes
eventually made matters straight, we
have had dealings with him for years
and have never yet found him dishon-
est, and most sincerly trust that he can
how give a satisfactory explanation for
his long silence.

In a personal letter to us Mr. Kinne
writes that he is now back on only 12
exchanges and that these were delayed
on account of sickness,moving, &:. He
says that these matters will be straight-
ened up as early as possible, and that
he will make everything to his patrons
entire satisfaction. We have confidence
that Mr. K. will do exactly as he has
agreed.

16 THE OOLOGIST.

Mr. John V. Crone of
Iowa, writes:

“H. E. Berry, formerly of Damariscot-
ta, Me, now of Boston, Mass., is a
fraud. Some 17 months ago I sent him
eggs for rubber stamps and other eggs.
In the course of some six months, after
repeated ‘‘duns” I received part of the
eggs, the remaining balance of our ac-
count amounting to $8.65. I have
not been able to get though I bave writ-
ten many times and have received
many promises a typical one being: “I
will settle with you with good interest in-
side of five days,” received some months
ago. I am not the only one he has
fleeced as the following extracts will
show.”

Lack of space prevents our printing
the “extracts” from the letters of sever-
al collectors.

Mr. Berry we believe to be honest,
intentionally at least, but by dealing in
“futures” fell by the way—with us his
fault has always been in promising
specimens that he was ‘‘agoing to ob-
tain or collect” and during the past sea-
son he has apparently bitten off more
he could masticate. Mr. Berry’s home
friends and business men all speak well
of him.

P. B. Peabody, of Minnisota writes:—

“Careful collectors should be on the
watch for lowa, Kansas and Mississippi
parties who are sending out eggs of
Flicker and Mourning Dove for those of
Poor-will.”’

In conelusion we advise, collectors to
make purchases and exchanges of re-
liable and known dealers and collectors
only. Their prices may seem higher or
their terms less advantageous but the
results will prove far more satisfactory.

Advanced collector’s should not enter-
tain the idea of exchanging with ‘‘boys”’
and the latter must for the time being be
content to exchange among themselves.

We donot knowingly publish adver-
tisements or exchanges of any but relia-
ble parties, any of our readers finding
them othewise should promptly advise
us stating full particulars.

We will investigate the matter, and
if found as reported will give thema
gratuitous editorial puff and if cireum-
stances demand will. place their cases
in the hands of proper Government
officials.

Marathon,

Hermit Thrush.

The Hermit Thrush is very rare in

this vicinity, ranking next to Olive-
backed which is our rarest Thrush.
They are invariably found in dense un-
dergrowth on the borders of low thick
woods. Never more than one pair in a
place as I have observed here.

Itis a very shy bird, generally prefer-
ing to skulk off on the ground rather
than fly. They do not sing any such
song as the Wood and Wilson’s Thrush-
es do, at least when I have been within
hearing. Their usual note is a low
mournful whistle- The nest is general-
ly placed in the midst of a small thick
bush and close to the ground. I have
not. found any placed more than 10 in,
from the ground and most of my finds
were much closer. In this vicinity they
are made entirely of dead leaves, inside
and out. I founda nest on June 9th
containing four eggs nearly fresh.
They were slightly smaller than the
Wilson’s and darker colered, but in
some cases they resemble each other
closely. Nest as described.

Ernest H. SHORT,
Chili, Monroe Co., N. Y.

The Horned Grebe at St. Clair Flats.

In the December O6LOGIsT an article on
the Horned Grebe as an abundant resi-
dent in this locality which I think must
be a mistake as during three seasons
nesting in the marshes of Detroit River
I have never seen but the Thick-billed
Grebe, which is very common duriug
the breeding season, and from the des-
eription of nest in this article I will add
that it is identical with the nest of the
Thick-billed Grebe as far as my obser-
vations are concerned. JI will say, how-
ever, that Horned Grebes have been
shot at the ‘‘flats” during the late fall,
and I am quite confident that they

nest to the north of here.

W. A. Davipson,
Detroit, Mich.
[A few years since Prof. H. P. Att-
water sent us several sets of the Horned
Grebe, collected on Mitchell Bay, St.
Clair Flats, Canada side. Ep. ]

“Our Birds in Their Haunts.”

Our Friend, the Rev. J. H. Langille,
of Box 63,Smithsonian Institution, Wash-
ington, D.C., under date of Dec. 21st,
writes as follows:

“The subscriptions to my new edition
of ‘‘Our Birds in Their Haunts” are com-
ing in very hopefully; but the number

THE OOLOGIST. ea

needed is large. Please extend the time
to March 1, 1892.

I enclose a few out of the many com-
mendations I have received from all
over the country, as to my book. If
you could give place to a few of them it
might help my present edition. Make
your selection. Do not fail to call at-
tention to the extension of time, and
that the price of the work afterward
will be $2.50.”

Our readers should remember that
according to offer made in November
O6LOGIST advance subscriptions will se-
cure acopy of the new edition for $1.60
—no money required until the work is
published, and from the above you will
note that our Friend Langille has deem-
ed it advisable to extend this time to
March ist. These advance subscript-
ions are required not for profit, but as a
guarantee of the actual cost of publica-
tion, his profits on these advance sub-
seriptions will consist chiefly of a com-
modity without monetary value, viz:—
Lay lory.”

e became personally acquainted
with Mr. Langille over ten years ago,
when a resident of our county, he was
then and always has been a firm friend
ofevery young naturalist, and seems to
delight in their companionship, un-
doubtedly this trait in his character in
no small measure accounts for the pop-
ularity of his work, and will give the
readers of the OGLOGIST a special im-
petus in order that the new edition will
not be unnecessarialy delayed for want
of the required number of advance sub-
seribers. i

Through Mr.Langille’s valued articles
which have appeared from time to time
in the O6LOGIST, our readers can form
a slight opinion as to the value of his
book.

Below we give a few quotations select-
ed from the many commendations re-
ceived from the first edition.

“More than two years ago I first saw your
work, “Our Birds in their Haunts,” at the Pratt
Library, Baltimore; and was delighted to find a
book whch auswered the purpose of the young
beginner so admirably, and determined to own
a copy aS soon as possible, which desire was
gratified soon after. Since then I have read it
Straight through any number of times, each
time with equal or increased interest, and have
also used it constantly as a reference. Not
only do I find it invaluable as a guide, especial-
ly to the habits, for which I think it is the best
general work short of Audubon’s; . but bound-
less is the pleasure I have received from itas a
literary work. I read it, and find such sym-
pathy with my own feelings toward nature,
that I have ever been drawn toward its author

as a personal friend.”
GEO. H. GRAY,
Baltimore, Md.

“T have your excellent work, ‘Our Birds in
Their Haunts,’’ and value it greatly. It is one
of the few works of its kind of my acquaintance
that one not a student of birds could read with
interest and pleasure. I have often taken it
and re-read page after page with renewed in-
terest. and wished from the bottom of my heart
that I might know the author personally, and
might go with him to some of the localities so
Well described, to study the birds under his di-
rection and inspiration.

F. W. MCCORMACK,
Editor of the Leighton News.

“TfIT had a child old enough to read, “Our
Birds in Their Haunts,’”? would be the first book
I should place in his hands.”

EK. B. WEBSTER,
Publisher of the Cresco Republican, Cresco, Ia,

“The copy of ‘Our Birds in Their Haunts”
you sent me some days since, was duly receiy-
ed and has been examined with pleasure and
deep interest. Considered asa popular work
its plan seems to have been happily conceived
while each page bears evidence of the writer’s
intense love of nature and his ability not only
observe intelligently, but to express felicitous-
ly the aspects of nature and the varied traits
of bird-life that under review. Itis evidently
the work of not only an enthusiastic bird-lover
and field naturalist, but of a writer who is fully
competent for the pleasant task he has under-
taken. As a popular exposition of the life-his-
tories of the birds of Eastern North America,
“Our Birds in Their Haunts” will doubtless
meet with the cordial welcome it so well de-
serves; while its freshness and originality make
the work a valuable contribution to the litera:
ture of North American ornithology.”

J. A. ALLEN,

President of the Ornithologist Union, and

Editor of the Auk.

A Correction.

Please correct a slight mistake in
November O6LoGIsT in my list of birds
No. 305 Prairie Hen reads ‘‘not so abun-
dant as Bonasa umbellus,” but it should
be ‘“‘not so abundant as Colinus virgin-

tanus.”
W.E. Loucks,
Peoria, Ills.

Examine the little rose-colored address label
on the wrapper of the OoLocist, The number
following name denotes the time when your sub-
scription expires or has expired.

56 signifies your subscription expired June 1890,
62 66 oe es Dec 66

68 ef Ot ss se June 1891
74 be 3 “e “6 Dec. OG
80 ES f a willexpire June 1892
86 “ce “6 6c Gs 6 Dec. “c
92 66 6c 66 oc 66 June 1893

We are desirous of straightening our subscrip-
tion books at once and trust our subscribers will
send in their subscriptions for ’92 including all
arrearages, at their earliest conveniences, the
amounts necessary to accomplish this are as
foilows:

“56”--$1.25. ‘°62’—$1.00. ‘‘68”—-75c. "“'74”—50c.

Should you desire to discontinue your subscrip-
tion to the OoLoGisT your indebtedness to us is
45 cents less than the above amounts. The fig -
ures are according to our books Jan. 10, 1892 and
renewals sent since that date have been credited.
on our books, but uot on the label.

“' PREVENTS DANDRUFF ©

| ALLaYS IRRITATION & KEEPS THE ScaLp cool)

1 eros 40 page Monthly Magazine ‘©
‘Published at Mount A Ce :

~All persons wishing

imate ier unlim

ees of 7, 12. 13, COMET Gra

, 261, 378, 460, 8, 153, on 282,

or only 45 cts.

of 123, 145, 1492, 204, B44, 260, B63

63a and 496 only 90 cts.”
ive 25 ¢. Foreign Rees, only 75 ¢.
0) wi ees tbh Re a 50: hae

of cee Ae
outfit consisting of Hand-Book, 6 check lists.
Ss and sample sheet | Datas and Note

list price 45 cts. All for only 18 cts,

ig Folks’ Natural History, omy B56 8 G8

1e Whistle, only y #0)

Small. Sea Fan, 10 oo

Pint each ‘of Red, Blue, Green

—Sawfish ‘Saw, 35C..
. 50.—Steel Trap, | SUG:
. i —Sea Cushion, 0c.
58.—Sea Horse, 25e.
Pod of. Royal Ponciana, 20c.
Zo) ular Natural History, only 35¢.

sh Steps ie Scientific Knowledge,” ?

pp.. dd0 ills.. ONLY 60c.
59a.—Parts I, Il and III of same 155 pp. 35c.
59b.— Parts Iv; V, VI, and VIL of same
« 225 pp., 35.)

imer of No. ‘59, same, reduced in simple.

orm 186 pp., Bere!
0. —'Three Kingdoms” (Hand-book. of Ag-
Siz Association), Koren

66. —Tvory: Apple 3206; ys
0. —Poor Flint War Club, 15c.
73. penton: Ss Beene, 40c.

Baneeioe ee Seart Pin, 50e-
hime-keeper and ‘Compass, 20c.
ack knife, ue edo os :

Mineral Collection, Spe,
“Fort Ancient, St. 50.

ny ot the above sent prepaid upon receipt of
price. Prices good until FEB. 15th: only.

Order Early—of some No’s. lL have only one, of
hev's a number.

and |

“Fir st came s first served,”’

Late Com’r of Pensions,

entitled * ‘The Grape, Fruit and Truck
dustry’ of North Sarounal Address ;
RIDE. Mount’ Hoey: ou Sulengae

se 30 years. only suécessful reiier

“Nervous Debility, Vital

and Prostration, from® Bi cecrorke or othe:

$1 per vial, or 5 vials and large vial powde
SOLD BY ‘DRUGGISTS, or sent postpaid on Te
i, ebuiie HONE MEDICINE CO. Ait

f ~ Gor. William and J ohn s

Po

= An: atnetiathals eels of’ ‘Bleetroty- ges of
Birds sent free. Just the thing to use on your
letter heads, circulars, etc. base wt ace ae

der. H. A, CARHART, Syraguse, N. XY.

~ aene § t

o

Eig Bupiiace can be Tennened

_ AN UNUSUAL a S

W. B. GREANY, ©

$27 BRANNAN St. ~ SAN BESS Cc
CORES tor pueeeee

Rare Galiférnia Views
Enclose stamp? for. ‘catalogue,
ene will Re sent sige receipt of 25 cents.

‘Sunivle “

“THE DISABILITY. BILLIS A LAW.

‘Soldiers disabled since the war are entitled

Dependent widows and parents now depen”
dent, whose sons died from effects of army ser -
vice are included. If you wish your claim,
speedily and successfully prosecuted, address,

JAMES TANNER,

Meshinetited D, © oe

The Gr eAtest Business University in America over 1200 students attende :)
' than twice as large an attendance as all other business colleges in Cleveland combin
1000 students who attended last year are now holding good positions. (23
‘College employs a corps of 40 men, nearly one-half of whom haye formerly been college pi
With such a faculty is it any wonder that its graduates are sought by ousine’
183 Graduates received diplomas at our last graduating exercises; of that number 175 were
ing good positions within 30 days from that date.

dents.

“annual commencement.
“No, 536... M. Je CATON. Pres.

88 oO 92 BUGLID AVE., Stes Seek oe

Nearly 200 will receive diplomas at. our
Send for circulars or call at the main office, 0 ec AVe. .

N..B.—We have branch colleges.in Buffalo. N. Y., and Detroit, Mich.
any of the colleges belonging be the Caton system. :

The Buclid

~~ BARGAIN NO. 1.
Alot of 450 Second Class Eggs.
i oh 50 species—Ist class list rates nearly $25.00
>). willl Send by Express for ONLY $3.00. Can
Mail for 70c extra.
FRAN KH.ATTIN,
Albion, New York

Wi Ai OR DETIRTKD
Wo AO POS FR Mat for
——AND DEALER IN—— | >
oo. Ornithological and Oological
Specimens,

PORT SANILAC, MICH.
Send Stamp for Catalogug °

ELURIDA WAXIDERMISY.

Would like to correspond with a working
taxidermist who would like to locate in Florida

and do a general curiosity business. © Write
‘ enactately to
WILLARD ELIOT,
Tampa, Hillsboro: Co. Florida:

‘but silver preferred, <A.

ical and Vocal Culture, S Bast ig

paid for 10, 20 and 80 ee st
3. ROB

mouth. Ohio,

D.L. DOW D’S Healt 2
way: For Bees
ikea entary People,
fare Ladies, Youths, A
ia valid. A complete: eee
eid Takes up but 6i squ
“@) room: new, scienti ;
comprehensive, che [ndo}
ed by 40.000 physicialis.lay
eler eymen, editors, ai ‘
Send for circular, 40 en ay ngs.
Prof. D. L. Dowd, Sdient uN

now using it.

no charge.

Largest like establishment in the Wo.
class ‘Second- hand Instruments. ‘ab
prices. Unprejudicea advice given
makes. Machines sold on monthly pay
Any instrument manufactu. red Shipped,
lege to examine. EXCHANGING A SPECI
Whélesale prices to dealers. Ihistrated
logues free.

‘TYPEWRITER |
5:
HEADQUARTERS| wa! rach A

stn HOE Sewn ee 1D

CHICAGO goston MRSS, ATLANTA { cy

Ae

~. Monthly.

hanges and Wants.

* inserted in this department for 25¢
ords. Notices over 25 words, charged

inserted for less’ than 25c. Notices

‘merely indirect methods of soliciting
purchasers cannot be aamitted to these
acy der any circumstznces. Terms,
f) der. “Hale

er COLLEGT first-class eggs and skins
HOMSON, 321 College St.. Lowa City,

CGH PRESS, with short type. min-
is, for Brevier or larger type, with
> RK, M. DALRYMPLE, Greenville,

ek like to exchange birds skins or eges
h collectors in different localities. Corres-

nce with collectors and taxidermists sol-
LOUIS DENNING, Council Grove,

S.

EXCHANGEH.— Western eggs for Eastern
‘other eggs I haven’t in my collection.
or particulars. J. KELLEY. Box 142
enworth, Kans.

rs,2in deep, for the best offer in eggs
Sand sets. Write to me, no postals. HH.
AMMETT, Jr., The Trenton, Cleveland,

ountain Partridge and three of
fornia Partridge for Coues’ Key, fourth
io Address TOM STANLEY, Cuyamaca,
ffernia. 9 :

TANTED.—.Glass eyes. Have to exchange,
aps, two Hagle Stamping outfits and eggs
ingles cand sets. FRED S.° HAGGART,
grin Falls, Ohio, .

Sveral parties desire to purchase Fancy
ions. Live Squirrels and other pet stock, if
have any for sale, why do you not adver-
the OOLOGIST?

lesire at once a good skin of Psendogryphus
ornicus (California Vulture). Write at
ating condition, sex. and lowest cash
RANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y.

QaLogis:

ALBION, N. Y., FEB., 1892.

' special announcements, “Wants,” “Ex:

rate of one-half cent per word. No’

change for same. Reliable parties... A. .

Pore rt ale

=)

yoo

50c. per Year.

NO.

TO EXCHANGE.—A collection of one hun-
dred eggs, eighty different kinds, mostly second
class, Many rare ones, all in good condition,
for a Smith & Wesson revolver in fine condi-
tion. All letters answered. G. FP. STROTHER,
Culpeper, Virginia. es f ai

WANTED.—First-class eggs of following; —
Gray-cheeked Thrush, Dwarf Thrush, Audu--

bon’s Hermit Thrush. St. Lucas Robin, Varied
Thrush, Leconte’s Thrasher. Will pay
for Some. Address E. B. SCHRAGE, Pontiae,
Mich. oe or

| LOOK! LOOK! Lot of Golden Days, magic

lantern, mineral collection (40 specimens), —
sStanyps, books, good fishing tackle, etc., what

offers in fossils, curiosities, minerals and ores? ©

L. kh. SEABER, Lititz, Pa.

TO EXCHANGE.—Cabinet photos. of lead-

ing Sioux Indians, battle scene taken at
Wounded Knee, Sioux Indian relics and a pair
of all-clamp ice-skates,
eggs, minerals, insects or any cabinet specimen.
Send descriptive list and receive mine. All.

letters answered. FRANK BENECKE, Chad- — :

ron. Neb.

Thave $10 worth of Phonographic publica- |
tions, new, your selection from publishers cata-
logue, Will exchange for good 2d hand stand-
ard works on Natural History, Ornithology or
Oology preferred, or for desirable Indian Relics
bls offers? FRANK’ H, LATTIN, Albion,

EXCHANGE NOTICH.—I have a few fine
sets of Chachalacas also others, to exchange,
can use many commonand rare sets. also back
humbers of the “Auk” for which I will ex--
change good sets, or pay cash or part cash. Few
goodsets W hip-poor-will and Chuck-wills-widow
especially desired. Please send list and receive
mine, also quote lowest terms cash for ‘‘Auk’’
and sets Nos. 416 and 417 A.O. U. ©. W.CRAN
DALL, Woodside, Queens Co., N, Y. ii

I will give specimens of any kind, advertis-
ing space in the OOLOGIs1, and-for extra good
offers anything I offer forsale or possibly GASH
for first-class Indian Relies, or for new or 2d
hand books in Natural History, in good con-
dition, ornithology or oology preferred— a set
of the “Natural History of New York’ and
copies of ‘'Coues’ Key” especially desired.
FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N, Y.

WANTED.—Maynard Flobert rifie in good
condition, Will give Gulliver’s Travels and
Baron Munchausen, cloth bound (new), 1"vol,
St. Nicholas and receipt for embalming: birds
for same. WAUTER JOHNSON, 182 W, Brook
St., Galesburgh, Ill.

cash — :

Will exchange for ..

THE ORNITHOLOGIST and Botanist from
March to December,1891, for thirty cents worth
ot Hawk’s or Water Bird’s eggs. Only a few
volumes left. WILLARD N. CLUTE, Bing-
hamton, N. Y.

TO EXCHANGE. —Stamp album stamps,
books, back Nos. of Youths’ Companion 1883-8
for eggs in séts with data. BERNEST IRONs,
310 N. 2d St., Conncil Bluffs, Iowa.

WANTED.—Good strong pair of Climbing
Trons. Will give in exchange Seribner’s Maga-
zine for 1891, value three dollars. HAROLD G.

MOLLER, 16 Farragut Place, Morristown, |

New J ersey. .

FOR EXCHANGE.—Many acre sets for
Singles. RELIABLE COLLECTORS send list
of eggs you have priced below 15c. that you de-
sire ae eae WALTER F. WEBB, Nese
eva,

TO EXCHANGE.—100 envelopes, size 6 with
any address, tor every 70 cts. worth of stamps
or first class birds eggs sent me valued at 2ets.

or more,. GEO. A." REEMAN, Box71 Auburn-
ad e Mass. te

WILL EXCHANGE Woods Illustrated His-
tory, good condition, eighteenth edition, value
te: for Langille’s Our Birds in their Haunts.

_ PATTON, Hamilton, Canada.

TO EXCHANGE.—Tennis raquet, siyidweaple
ic pen, books, coins, stamps, electrical goods,
mounted birds and other things, for oologists
or taxidermists instruments, climbers, eggs,
etc. D. B. BARTLETT, 1054 Kim St., Man-

» .chester, N. H. P

TO EXCHANGEH.—One “Odell” double-case
Typewriter cost $20, used but little. Will ex-
change for first-class Bird Skins. Send lists of
What you’ have. THADDEUS SURBER,
White Sulphur Springs, W. Va.

ERWIN G. WARD. Palmer, Mass. has In-
dian relics. coins, odd numbers of Harper’s Mag-
azine, etc., to exchange for “‘The Exchangers
Monthly” Vol. I, No. 9; Canadian: coins and
Indian relics, etc.

FIRST CLASS original sets with complete
data to exchange for others. Have 428 and
nest, 727 1-7, 72844, etc. J. WARREN JACOBS
Waynesburgh, Pa,

WANTED.—A good Camera, will give in
exchange’sets of Colorado Birds Kggs.A bargain
to the right person. G.. F. BRENINGHR,
Table Rock, El Paso Co., Colo.

FOR EXCHANGEH.—A fine Mexican Parrot,
worth $50, Parrot and Bird cage (new), one
pair of Australian paroquets, for shells, corals
minerals (crystals), or other specimens, write
atonce. C. F. CARR; Madison, Wis.

EXCHANGE.—Youth’s

Companions, Cross

stylographic pen, Davie’s Key, paper, new, and |

alligator teeth, for books or papers on taxid-
ermy or ornithology or taxidermist instrum-
ents. CHESTER M. WHITNEY, Westmin-
ster, Mags.

VOLS. IV and V Golden Days for: best offer
of first class eggs in sets. A.O.U. Nos. 5, 75, 79,
76, 92, 115, 120c, 128, 197, 320a, 811, 314, 431 and 602
in. full original ‘sets. for exchange. Wishes
MORSE, 6 Qnondaga Co. Saving Bank B’lding,
Syracuse, N.Y

‘EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued. AS"

- offer. W.

: total value $2),
Correspondence solicited. D. FRANK

‘vas canoe and paddlé worth $5, some fine
‘skates and a good flute, fora double or

‘in good condition: Give acenrate descr
‘W. TALLEY, 612 Edwin Street, Waa

VICTOR L. WHIT

TO. “EXCHANGE. -A
_of eggs, fora D. B. B, L.
JOHN OLDFIELD, Nort

ee sets with data and
exchange for “Coues’ Key” i
dition, 4th edition. H. a
Texas. ‘

can be carried in the field w
eggs, good silver watch.
edition (cloth and gilt) new,
my new, will exchange allfor firs
Ail puters answered. Address PEPER :

TO HXCANGE: BE se ae j
strong, clear lenses, adapted for coltecto: 5
$8.50; stem winding watch, nickle 3 oz. ca
g00a time piece, entirely new, wort! sai
scientific books; skins; eggs; mountet pia

for good offer in specimens or especially Coue
Key tor ach I will give good bargains, m
SHAW, Deer’ ‘Lodge Monta:

-STAMPS.—A cousins of about 1000. ¥
ties (val. $30) to exchange, whole or part
eggs in sets with data. Send your list
H. OSGOOD, San Jose, Cal. ;

SEA SHELLS, Corals and Canoe
change for eggs not in my collection.
list and receive mine. ED VAN wi
Vans Harbor, Mich. (Upper Penn.) —

' EXCHANGE.—A World Type-wr ar
at $15, pair of climbers, lot of reading mat
for first-class sets with a b

LER, Reading, Penna. os

_ TO EXCHANGE.—400 rirsoinss Eee
species, sets and singles, value $120. ° Wanted
Collecting gun, Davies’ Key (latest editi
yous Key. Taxidermist instrnments.. OT

L. BULLIS, Winnebago City, ‘Minnesota.

WANTED.—Single. barreled breech loadin
shotgun. Must be in good condition. Wi
give in exchanye, mounted birds, skins or e;
in sets with data. “WHIT HARRISON,
Crescent, Minn. ; .

WANTED.—2d hand copies of either “Coue
Key” or “Ridgway’s Manual” will gtve cash «
exchange. Write stating condition, ed
ana est terms. FRANK H, LATTIN, Al

, A COLLECTION OF A 1 SKINS. valued
over ten dcllars, and a set of 1-5-Gambels’
row gratis, all with complete data, for Cou
Key (4th Ed.) or, Ridgeway’s Manual 7 )
condition. CLYDE L. KELLER, 38: “320
Block, Salem, Oregon. j

A FINE VIOL'N and outfit worth “Ho, a

relics, some good books, a pair of nickle

barreled breech loading shot-gun (12 or.

Pennsylvania.

Prizes for Best Articles.

‘We have decided to give our
patrons, each month, five prizes.
These prizes are to be awarded

to the five best articles appearing in the
O6LOGIST in which the offers are made.
For the five articles in this (Feb) O61L0-
Gist which are the most. instruc ies
valuable and interesting we shall give
follows:
ist prize—A Part of Maynard’s Birds
- of Eastern North America, bound in
boards and leather.
_ 2nd prize—Davie’s Key to the Nests
+ and Eggs of N. A. Birds, in fiex. cloth.
3d prize—Same as 2d prize, in paper.
ihe and 5th—Hach a set with data of
the Noddy.

For the March competition we will
give a similar set of prizes,and through-
out the year the aggregate value “of
these monthly prizes “will not be less
than ten dollars.

The articles entering into competition
must contain at least one hundred
words and we prefer that they do not
exceed seven hundred words, unless
they fairly teem with very, very inter-
esting facts or happenings—Remember
that ‘‘fancies,” ‘rehashes,” “sparrow
stories” and articles of a similar nature
are not solicited and will rarely be
found ‘“‘available.’’

r

THE JUDGES: Yow have been sel-
ected to act as one of the Judges in
these Prize article contests, and your
decision must be promptly and fairly
given, and in no case later than the
10th of the month following the one on
which the O6LOGIST was issued upon

- which your decision is given.

Your decision for this month’s com-
petition must be mailed us not later
than Mar. 10th. Write on the back of a

Jostal card the articles which you have
lecided to be the most valuable, instruc-
tive and interesting in this number of
O6LoGisT and mail to us. Number the
articles in the which you think the
prizes should be awarded.

We have also decided to give our
Judges five prizes, one to each of the
five whose decisions are nearest the
final award of prizes and in the Febru-

s ary competition the Judge whose list of
five articles is the nearest the awarded
list, we will give a copy of Davie’s Key
to the Nest and Eggs of N. A. Birds,
paper. 2d and3d “each a set of Noddy.
4th and dth each a set of Sooty Tern.

: THE OOLOGIST.

In case of a tie, the earliest mailed list
takes the prize.

Address FRANK H. nae.

Albion, N. Y.

The Oologist for 1892.

The OOLOGIS® is without question the most
popular and instructive magazine, devoted
to Birds, their Nests and Higgs, ever published,
and while of special value to the Oologist and
Ornithologist, its publisher is not alone in his
belief that Teachers, Scientists, Naturalists.
and Curiosity Collectors in all departments will
find the OOLOGIST not only worthy of their at-
tention, but of their subscriptions. On January
1892, the OoLoGcisr entered its ninth volume,
and it will be the aim of its Publisher, with the
aid of itS subscribers, to make it of greater
value than any preceding one. Hach number
for °92 will contain twenty pages (16 and a cov-
er), and will be promptly and regularly issued
the first week of each month and will be sent
post-paid to any part of the World

For Only 50 Cents.

Every subscriber received for °92, will be
mailed a card composed of two Coupons one of
which will entitle the person addressed, to a
free Exchange Notice, of 25 words in the OOLO-
Gist if used within one year from date. The
second coupon will be accepted by the Publish-
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in payment foror towards anything he ‘offers
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the goods ordered amount to not less than $1.25
This coupon is just the same as 25c in cash to
you if you should want to purchase anything
of us to the amount of $1.25, during the year.

Remember every subscriber received for. the
OOLOGIST will receive FOR ONLY 59 CENTS
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The OoLoctst for *92.. oF 0)
Coupon for an Exchange Notice. 720
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For INVENTORS. 40- ee BOOK FREE. Address
W.T.Fitzger: ald, Attorney at Law, WashingtonD.cC.

ETRIFITED MOSS.—Fine specimens post-

paid for 10, 20 and 30 cents, stamps taken,

but silver preferred. A. B. ROBERTS, Wey-
mouth, Ohio. j2b

THE DISABILITY BILL IS A LAW.

Soldiers disabled since the war are antl

Dependent widows and parents now depen
dent, whose sons died from effects of army ser-
vice are included. If you wish your claim
speedily and successfully prosecuted, address,

JAMES TANNER,

Late Com’r of Pensions, Washington, D, C,

—OUR NEW PRIOR LIST OF—

SA’TIN

SrA

J RW AT

The material from which this Jewelry is ae isa very beautiful, fibrous, white,
almost translucent mineral haying a pearl or satin-like lustre, from England. We will mail a

fine sample in the rough for 5c.

The Jewelry is all made from choice selected specimens of only the finest quality of Spar,

and is cut and polished by experienced workmen.
years, in the jewelry line, that has created the ‘‘craze”’ that can be credited Satin Spar.

Nothing has been sold during the past few
At Nia-

gara Falls, enterprising dealers sell it to the credulous tourists as coming from that immediate
vicinity (Table Rock in particular. )
Itis sold under various names, such as ‘‘Niagara Falls Spar” “Moonstone” “Mineral
Pearls” ‘‘Congealed Spray”? (whew!) etc.
The mountings are strong and durable and of the best quality rolled plate.

The above illustrations are reduced one-third.

Scarf or ‘‘Stick’’ Pins.

” larger Ha 20

66 6
13 ob

6 66

6s (73

Lace Fetes or Brooches.

iu Bangle Lace Pin, 4 Balls 50
12 Bans 65
13 6e 66 ce 6 a3 "0
14 fe SEN AN AIC OTT Sid ls escene Barer ot Pa 1D
15 se op PAu ATES OL Saou sates gu rasan 1 00
16 Straight “ CoE Ae ODO A MERU Re UVM ISL ots 85
17 oy re WS ab eyeMlil leyanaved en 8 ee eo ae 1 00
18 : Sc CESSES Ri cee R tte cur ee petesee aes A 1 50
19 Straight Lace Pin, 4 ball bangles............ 1 00
Mar Drops.
2 Bar Drops, Ball... PE ARC Nae es oree a, LH 50
22 Ub Acorn 50
onic Be Belden’ Se seu te cea pee ner eOel 50
Bracelets.
ol Bangle Bracelets, 6) Ballsi-2. 2:2) 60
32 os ty DATS Re Aiba SB asad 0 1 10
33 * GEB ell Stee easier era. 1 10
84 or iy? GEACORMIS Ayana Tae 85
35 OY ee 6 Assorted Bangles... 8

36 Fancy es Strung on rolled plated
spring wire, 1 Bell Bang eae ey saeco 1 5

Fob Chains.

45 Queen Chains, Liniced eo eee eae

Me on Fox Chain...

v6 Victoria Chains, linked...... _.......

44 Ci ue on Fox Chain

We furnish the Chains with either Ball oy
Acorn Charm.

Glove Buttoners.

51 Glove Buttoner, Ball Bangle 78

52 ‘ Acorn “ CR (1

53 ue i Bell dre

Necklaces.

onlfeyolkelleKersy abaMeqeyah une si ee 2 BC

62 a (ovale sMop-e(Opotenbaleus i yy 3 0Q
Watch Charms

71 Watch Charm, Beau) Mi) ios On ON aa 38

72 CORT Aenea 35
Miscellaneous

toiibid alc WB ivigl aah Olea RMam epi Le a 1 0

82 Jersey Pin, Hagle’s Claw__....22 1 26

83 Double Pins, (two of the Scarf Pins con-
nected with rolled plated chain contain-
imp) ay amelie. 200 NR ae ae Re ne Seas 1

We are constantly adding new designs.

FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y:

4
i)
,
7
t
‘

VOL. IX.

THE OOLOGIST.

ALBION, N. Y., FEB., 1892. NO. 2

ZOOTOMY.

THE DOMESTIC PIGEON.

In the following notes, the writer
does not pretend to put forth anything
new, and but little, if anything original.
The material has been collected from
standard works on the subject and from
his own notes taken under competent
instructors, and dissections made dur-
ing the last year. He only hopes to
give a few, or perhaps many young
students an introduction to one of the
most interesting of studies. These notes

~ean be of no interest to the student

who does not perform the work as in-
dicated. A mere reading of them would
be as fruitless and uninteresting as the
reading of Dr. Jordan’s ‘‘Manual of the
Vertebrates’ without seeing aspecimen.
A bird has been chosen as the subject,as
it is supposed that most readers of the
O6LOGIst are interested in_ birds.
While these notes will apply in a-gen-
eral way to the class, yet the student
must not lose sight of the fact that
comparisons are very important and
should be made whenever opportunity
is presented. Many interesting pecul-
jarities will be noted in the comparative
anatomy, “internal” as well a ‘‘exter-
nal,” of the Simicole, Galline, Rap-
tores, Passeres and others. The Pigeon
is selected on account of the compara-
tive ease of obtaining specimens as well
as the convenient size of the bird.

The implements absolutely needed to
make a successful dissection ave few
and simple. A scalpel, a pair of fine
pointed scissors, small forceps, blow-
pipe, a hand lens and several dissecting
needles made by forcing the eye-end of
a large needle into a soft stick of con-
venient size. Probes made by dipping
the ends of large bristtles into hot seal-
ing wax. The small drop of wax, on
cooling willmake a little ball which
will prevent the probe ‘‘going wrong.’”*
Pen, pencil, ink, dividers and a good
quality of drawlng paper together with
the note book must never be wanting.
Not only should the student verify all
notes in this article, but careful draw-
ings of all dissections should be made.
First, lightly drawn witha hard lead
pencil and then traced with ink, re-
membering that exactness is more im-
portant than ornament.

With the aid of dividers all drawings
should be made on an exact scale; nat-
ural size when convenient. Do not at-
tempt a drawing until the dissection has
been put in the best possible shape, and
all the characteristics have been made
out. Make your dissections on a table
facing a window so that no shadows
will bother. Although we have not
space to pay much ‘attention to exter-
nal peculiarities of the pigeon, we can-

A pair of bone-crushing forceps, heavy
scissors, cartilage®knife, an injecting syringe,
&c., may be used to great advantage.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE.
tions.) Fig.I. Head showing cere, &c.
bral hemispheres. .m, pineal body.
e, cerebral hemispheres. m. pineal body. a.
medula oblongata. n, roots of nerves. x,
V. left ventricle. n, aorta. s, Vv.
ventricular valve. a, left auricle.
ventricle is not shown.) a’. right auricle.
in place. e, kidney. s, ureter.

DomnESTIC PIGEON Columbia livia.
Iehikes ek
8. Optic lobes.
olfactory lobe.
optic tracts.
semi-lunar valves.
(The section was so made that the connection between this and
Fig. V.
n, vas deferens.

(Pen-drawing from dissec-

Brain, from above. a. olfactory lobes. _c. cere-
e, cerebellum. n.medula oblongata. Fig. If.

e, cerebellum. s. optic lobes. m,
Fig. IV. Half of heart.
a.uU, Vv, right auriculo-

o, floceulus.
v’, right ventricle.

Male sexual and urinary organs. x14. a, testis
0, vesicula seminalis. c. cloaca. m. iliac vein. o,

femoral vein. Fig. VI. Half of gizzard.c. thick muscular walls of same a.horny epithelial lining. m,
entrance of digestive canal, the proventriculus. s. duodenum. n. pyloris (opening into duodrnum.

Fig. VIL.

coeca. a,rectum. c, small intestine.

Cross section of brain showing (a) folds of cerebrum and (e) arbor vitae.
(VII) from tresh brain.] Fig. VIII. Lower part of trachae and bronchial tubes.

[This last
Rules, Xe, on;

34 7. Lon OOLOGISa

not help glancing at the head. (see cut
I). Notice the eye, position, size, &.;
compare with other birds; notice upper
and lower eyelid; find the third lid; no-
tice live bird wink; the beak; shape,
size, color; nostrils; open mouth and
probe to find their opening into mouth:
nostrils open beneath a soft tumid cere;
compare with bills of other birds; find
the auditory aperature; compare with
other birds; has size and shape any-
thing to do with acuteness of hearing?
make a careful drawing of head. *The
specimen shouldbe killed with chloro-
Jormor ether: If put in a large glass
jar with chloroformed sponge, note
which way it falls when being over-
come by the drug. Laying specimen
on board, draw outline of bird; dip in
hot water and pluck; draw another out-
line of body; compare with first; notice
feather. tras, &e., Ge.;. thrust blow-
pipe (one without enlargement of end)
in the mouth: loop a string around the
beak behind sere, tightening it enough to
prevent air escaping while the crop and
air sacs ave inflated; withdraw the
blow-pipe, at the same instant tighten-
ing the loop to prevent escape of air; tie
securely; make an incision through skin
along keel of sternum back to vent and
forward to throat. Skin the whole ven-
tral surface of the body; (being careful
not to cut the crop) the oesophagus, trace
it from mouth to crop; lobes of crop;
fine lines, mzscle fibres in walls of crop;
jugular veins on each side of neck;
trachea; rings of same; are they com-
plete rings? do not forget drawing pa-
per; large muscle of breast; muscles of
abdomen; make an abdominal incision
from sternum to vent; be careful not to
cut the abdominal air-sacs; part the ab-
dominal walls and note the a-sacs;
find another pair of air-sacs -anterior to
these; remove the ligature around man-
dibles; break the humerus bone of one
wing, after clearing it of flesh; insert

*The bird should have fasted a day or two be-
fore being killed.

the broken body-end of bone in water;
inflate air-saecs as before; what does this
show? What are you doing with your

note-book? the membrane which cover- ~

ed the contents of abdomen is the great
omentum; make incisions on each side
of keel of breast-bone; dissect away
breast muscles, noting their structure,
&c., with strong scissors make an in-
cision through the sternum parallel to
the keel; inflate the air-saes at first;

part the pieces of breast-bone; can any

more air-sacs be seen? make another
incision of sternum similar to first on
other side; remove keel of sternum;
note the position &c. of the following
organs, viz:—Liver, gizzard, heart,
lungs. intestines, &c., trace the diges-

_ tive canal from crop to gizzard; back-

ward from gizzard, the part of intestine
nearest it is the dwodenwm— its loop
shape; pancreas in loop; trace intes-
tine backward; the mesentery, the thin
membrane holding intestine; trace the
intestine to the two bulb-like protub-
erences, the caeca; (cut [X—n.) back of
these the digestive canal is know as the
large intestine; the widening of the
large intestine near the vent is the clo-
aca. The liver; lobes; the bile ducts
leaving the right lobe; where do they
empty? notice ducts leading from pan-
creas. The part of the canal for a
short distance in front of gizzard in the
proveniriculus.

[To be continued in the March number. |

es
Bro’ Partridge.

Hudson is a town of about 800 inhab-
itants. In September 1889, I saw a
Ruffed Grouse in the garden upon an
apple tree over rnn by a Concord grape
vine. Every day or two for a month I
saw him there. He staid in town all
winter, in April he disappeared. In
fall of 1890. he was on hand again, and
during that winter spent three weeks
of the severest weather in a large Nor-
way spruce within twenty-five feet of my

oa

THE OOLOGIST. 35

window. He went outupon an apple tree
three times per day, eating bunds indus-
triously, once he was within ten feet of
me, as I stood upon the walk. Last
spring he left as usual, and this fall in
October he returned. Last Sunday he
alighted upon the window sill within
two feet of where I sat reading. He
was not after me, but after the wood-
bine berries.

I have Kodaked him three times at 20,
12 and 12 feet. Pictures not yet devel-
oped. He spends considerable time
under the front sitting-room window.
After young clover, grasses, woodbine
berries and grayel. If anyone comes
by he leisurely walks down under the
arbor vitae hedge, ten feet away.

But soon he returned. He has a good
many families who know him well and
would not have him hurt for the world.

My setter dog ‘‘Tom Dollar’’ has
pointed him severaltimes. When with
mel have called him off. But how
many times he has started him in his
morning runs, I know not.

F. HODGE,
Hudson, O.

Yellow Warbler.

There is a swampy stretch of land
within easy access from my house which
is a favorite breeding place of the Yel-
low Warbler.

The bird is about five inches long.
The principle color is yellow with some
variation. The breast and back are
streaked with orange brown (often in-
distinetly). There are no blotches on
the tail-feathers as in all other Den-
drace

Their flight is never long. If you
were to approach this meadow about
the middle of May, you would see them
flying about from twig to twig either
obtaining food or gathering material
for their nests.

The nest of the Golden Warbler, as it
is sometimes ealled, is one of the neat-

est and most well built specimens of
bird artchitecture I ever saw. It is
usually placed in a bush not far from
the ground. Yetsometimes it is fasten-
ed close to the trunk of a small tree
quite high np. Minot describes the nest
as being composed outwardly of very
fine grasses, interwoven with wooly or
cotton materials which form a substan-
tail wall. ‘This, “he says” often coy-
ered with caterpillar’s siik and is lined
with wool, down from plants (particu-
larly a dun-colored kind,) horse hairs
rarely feathers.”’

The eggs are characteristic of the
birds themselves. They vary to some
extent. [have two before me which I
will desribe:—1. White with yellowish-
brown markings, chiefly about the
erown. 2. White with obscured lilac
markings.

As soon as you come in the immedi-
ate vicinity of their nests they wil
leave them, and hover very near, al
the time uttering in a beseeching tone
a melancholy chirp which becomes
more intense as you advance nearer the
nest. In this way I have often found
nests, where, otherwise I would not
have noticed them.

Its notes are quite variable. You
may often hear its soft chirp while they
are at work among the bushes.

They are rather shy at the approach
of man, except when their nests are
disturbed. They are of great benefit in
destroying insects, caterpillars’ and
canker worms which they like exceed-
ingly.

A. B. DUNNING,
Jamaica Plains, Mass.

Black-throated Bunting.

A cheerier, happier feathered vocalist
can scarcely be found, than the Black-
throated Bunting or Dickcissel as_ he is
locally called, and sometimes termed
the Lady Lark, (Spiza americana) is
about four inches in length, and wing

36 THE OOLOGIST.

spread three inches, the color is brown
above, drabish light beneath, with a
yellow band beneath the throat.

In the heat of the hot June and July

Sumy; it* wall Swing to | and!) fro
in some tree or on a _ swaying
weed and chant its few, unmusical

notes, when all other songsters are si-
lenced.

Its notes can be heard coming from
all directions in a focality where Spiza
is numerous as in this. A _ favorite
place is some top-most twig of a tree
near the nest, on which the female is
setting upon which the male sways back
and forth during the entire day utter-
his song. There is scarcely ever more
than a pair in company, The food con-
sists of seeds largely and many insects.
When the nest is approached both birds
remain near uttering their cry in which
scarcely indifference can be detected
from that uttered in happiness, unless,
perchance, the nest should contain
young, then the scene is different, the
parents remain near uttering cries of
distress and flying near the intruder.

The nest of the Black-throated Bunt-
ing may be found in a variety of places,
often upon the ground in meadows or
attached between several large stalks,
sometimesin bushes or hedges gener-
ally near the ground when placed in
bushes or small shrubs. The nest is
often composed of coarse tongue grass
on the exterior and lined with hair or
some equally soft -or downy substance.
The nest is usually composed of fine
material and a well made structure,
but some probably from hurried build-
ing or by an inexperienced pair are
made of husks of corn, coarse rootlets,
ete,, but usually lined with some com-
forting element, but the averaye nest is
an architectual affair of merit to the
feathered builders.

The eggs deposited from May to July
are of a blueish green, three to five
eggs constitute a complement, and I
think two broods are often reared in a

season, they are exceedingly shy and if
molested will often vacate their par-
ental abode.
The eggs measure from .75x,60 to .80
x.62 as an average.
JAMES HILL,
Edinburg, Ills.

<<

Mountain Bluebird.

768. Sialia arctica, (SWAINS)

Hab. Rocky Mountains and higer ranges west
of them.

This is our common and only Blue-
bird, in higher elevations of the Cascade
Mt. range.

It is by no means abundant, in the
vicinity where I made my observations,
(Sweet Home,Oregon,) and I only saw 6
pairs-within a radius of 5o0r6 miles. Its
nesting sites are similar to those of Sita-
lia sialas, but is more often found in
barns and out buildings, than S. sialis

I have found it nesting in the Post
Office front, in under the eaves of the
hotel, and deserted Woodpecker holes,
generally not a great distance from the
habitations of man.

The nests are composed mostly of
fine dry grass, but in some locations
coarser material is used to strengthen
the nest in an unsecure position.

The eggs are generally 6 in number
of a pale blue color,with a slight green-
ish tinge. They area little more pale
than the eggs of Stalia sialis, and will
average about .84x.64.

Nesting season begins about May 15th
and fresh eggs can be secured by June
5th.

Western Blue bird.

No. 767. Sialia mexicana, (SWAINS)

Hab. Western U.S., from Rocky Mountains

to Pacific.

This birdis chiefly found in the val-
lays and low foothills of the mountains,

4
ma
,
F
y
;

|
}
|

THE OOLOGIST. 37

Its habits are similar to those of the
eastern bird, it nesting in holes of dead
trees, and bird. boxes, &e. The nest is
composed of dry grass, leaves and some
times a few feathers.

ithe eggs:are from 4 to 6 in number of
a pale blue color, and somewhat darker
than Sitalia artica, also somewhat
smaller averaging about .80x.61.

Dr. A. G. PRILL,

Oregon Chickadee.

No. 735b. Parus atricapillus occiden-

falis. (Baird.)

Hab. Pacific coast from California northward.

This is a common specie in Linn Co.,
Oregon. Itis not found as abundant in the
leys as in the hills and mountains, pro-
bably on account of the better facility
for nesting afforded in the many dead
trees in the mountain or wooded dis-
tricts.

It feeds upon insects and their larvae,
and at the close of the nesting season,
gather in flocks (if the term may apply)
and traverses the woods, going from
bush to bush, in search of their food.
The fruit orchards are also visited, and
in this small bird the farmer has one of
his best friends.

The nesting season begins in April,
and fresh eggs may be obtained as late
asJune. I found one nest on June 28
Which contained five young and one
egg.

It nests in deserted woodpecker holes
rotten stumps, and the complement of
egos is usually six although seven to
nine have been found, Its nest is com-
posed of moss and dry grass thickly

The
eggs are of a white color, thickly speck-

lined with feathers and down.

led, mostly at the larger ends, with

shades of brown.
Dr. A. G. PRILL.

Western Yellow-throat.

No. 68la. Geothlypis trichas occiden-

talis. Brewst.

Hab. Western U.S., west of the Mississippi,
(Davie. )

This species is common in the low
swampy districts which are over-grown
with wild rose bushes and tall marsh
grass, in the vicinity of Sweet Home,
Oregon. Although on entering such a
locality you are greeted by several of
the birds, itis no easy matter to find
their nest. The bushes generally are
very thick and grass perhaps a foot
high. The nest being safely tucked
away in some tussock of grass in the
midst of these briars. The general
habits of the bird resemble those of G,
trichas.

The nest is made of fine dry grass,
some times partly roofed over like the
Meadow Lark.

The eggs are four or five in number
of a creamy white, spotted at the larg-
er end with shades of brown and black.

It’s nesting season isin May. I have
secured fresh eggs as late as June 6,
Their average size is .66x.48.

Dire rs\s (Cra deamacice,

—+>—_—<>_>—_+

My Trays.

As trays are an important factor of
the cabinet, I will try to describe mine.

Although the majority of collectors
will use nothing but paste-board trays,
I hope a few will give the tray, 1 am
about to describe, a trial.

Having had no satisfaction out of
paste-board trays, I have at last a tray
that suits me in every respect. Taking
a block of poplar, 38x3x¢% inches, I had a
circular hole cut in it by means of a
lathe, 2% inches deep. This made.a
square tray with a circular cavity with-
in a sixteenth of the sides of the block
and with an eighth of an inch bottom,

38

After sand papering it, I finished it off
with a coat of black enamel.

Another tray was finished off with
cherry stain and another was cut out of
cedar and left with the natural finish.

These trays havea few advantages
over tho paste-board variety. They do
not warp and can be had of any size or
shape. They can be made to fit the cab-
iuet drawer very snugly and produce a
beautiful effect. Imagine, reader, a tray
finished off in black enamel, filled with
red cedar sawdust, and a set of four
beautiful, blue eggs of the Wood Thrush
reposing therein.

The trays can be made very cheaply.
Poplar wood is the best and perhaps the
cheapest. For a small amount, an inch
board can be bought that will make a
great many. After drssing the board,
a sixteenth of an inch on each side, it
may be cut into the blocks of the size
desired. Then they are ready for the
lathe.

Thad my trays cut out very cheaply

at the rate of one dollar per hundred at a
cabinet shop. These I finished off ac-
cording to my taste and time.

Next month, I may say afew words
concerning the data I use, providing
the editor does not consign this to the
waste basket.

W. E. Loucks.
Peoria, Ills.

Pileated Woodpecker.

I read the article on the Pileated
Woodpecker in the last number of the
O6LoGist, and would like to make
known to the readers of this paper
some of my notes on this bird.

Thad read considerable about how
shy and retiring it was and how it dis-
appeared from its haunts as civilization
advanced. The first time I came across
this King of Northern Woodpeckers
was Oct. 5, 1888. 1 was at Trout Brook
about twenty-five miles from Minnea-
polis, hunting gray squirrels. I was in

THE OOLOGIST.

a small groye of trees, near a traveled
road and within three hundred yards of
afarm house. I had just shot a large
grey squirrel, when I saw a large black
bird fly from a neighboring tree and
alight on a fence close by, which upon
being shot proved to be a -Pileated
Woodpecker. Upon showing my bird
to a farmer, he said one of his boys had
shot one two weeks before in the same
place. —

The next time was June 5, 1891 at
Buffalo, Wright Co., Minn. I was at
Buffalo Lake after some of those five
pound bass, which inhabit its waters.
One night after a hard days work with
therod, we were taking it easy and tell-
ing a few “that reminds me” yarns.
One ofthe party told of a Heron roost,
that he had visited a short time back,
and a colony of Woodpeckers, that he
had found down near Pelican Lake.

AsI was very desirous of securing
another specimen IJ started for Pelican
Lake the next morning at daylight.
After an hour’s drive I put up at a
farmhouse, and went across the fields
to the woods. At the edge of the
woods from on old cotton-wood stub,
about forty feet high I saw a Pileated
Woodpecker fly. I had found my
birds and now to get one. I followed
in chase but could not get a shot so J}
returned to the nest, sat down and
waited for the Woodpecker to come
back. It was a long wait, but at about
noon back he came and flew upon the
top of a tall cotton-wood; it was an
easy shot: he is now No. 213in my ecab-
inet. .

Now the cottonwood stub in which
this Woodpecker had its nest is within

a ae Oe eS OR Ee Te LS eS a eT

eS ee

three hundred feet of a farm house,

witha path running directly
the tree.

In these two cases which have come
under my notice, it will be seen that
these Woodpeckers do not always shun
civilization; or has my experience been
entirely different.

W. Fo DEALING,
Minneapolis, Minn.

under

FS Pee Sep ier e eee

THE OOLOOIST. 39

THE OOLOGIST.

A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY.
FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.
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list will occur in March OéLoGisr

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prizss.

The fine geological collection made
by the late Prof. Worthen, State Geolo-
gist of Illinois. will forma part of the
Illinois exhibit at the Exposition. The
State World’s Fair Board has purchased
it for $8,000.

$<

Notes on Albinoes.

R. G. Goss’s
issue on Albino

I read with interest, Mr.
article in November
Birds and his account recalls to mind
the only freak in the bird line I ever saw
alive in a wild state. This was a pure
white House Sparrow (Passer domes-
ticus) feeding on a road in the city. He
was very tame and I approached within
five feet of Mm. He flew to a brick
building and hopped onto the gravelly
roof out of sight.

In the museum of the Detroit Scienti-
fle Association, however, there are sey-
eral Albinos, of which I recollect the.

folowing: Green- winged Teal (adult
male), Musk Rat, Red Squirrel and
Belted Kingfisher; also a black and

white American Coot, Rusty Black-bird:
and Gray Squirrel. I will look these
specimens up and giye a more definite
description in the near future. Have
also seen two live Albino Racoons, «.
mounted Crow, pure white with the ex-
ception of the tail which was dull black,
and a snow white Florida Gallinule.
White eggs of the Long-billed Marsh
Wren are not uncommon here, and the
fact that such eminent ornithologists as.
Prof. Ridgeway and Capt. Bendire-.

‘40

should pronounce them ‘a great freak
of nature” is asurpriseto me. IJ must
have taken at least seven sets of this
species last June which contained white
eggs. The average number in these
sets were five and six and ranged in
color about as follows: two natural,
three white or light dirty yellow, spot-
ted or blotched at the larger end, and
the remainder pure white. Isucceeded
in washing the spots off many of the
lightly marked eggs. My brother and
Mr. Bradshaw Swales of this city have
both taken a few pure white eggs of
this species. I recollect Mr. Swales
finding a set of six, all of which were
white and another containing five white
and one of the typical color and mark-
ings. Would be pleased to hear from
him on the subject through your paper
All the white eggs are very rough and
rather thick shelled.
J. CLAIRE Woop.

> <<

A Day’s Trip for Bald Hagle Nests in Florida.

What odlogist has not wished to find
an eagle’s nest, and dreamed of climb-
ing some huge tree or sc@ling a steep
cliff in quest of one. As I am no ex-
ception to the rule and thinking my
brother collectors would be interested,
I will relate how my wildest dreams
were more than realized by finding three
nests in one day.

On Dec. 14, 91 Mr. R. C. Stuart and
myself started with horse and buggy at
8:30 a. m. for Gadsen Point on Tampa
Bay, eleven miles from home, in quest
of Bald Eagle’s nests. After a pleasant
ride of two hours and a half we came
out on the Point and began to search
the tree tops for nests and in a few
minutes had spied a huge nest in a large
pine about seventy feet from the ground;
as it was the first nest that I had ever
seen you can imagine my feelings.

As we approached the nest one of the
birds flew off and began circling around

weeds.

THE OOLOGIST.

the tree screaming with alarm which
soon brought its mate, and the two sail-
ing around in their graceful flight made
a beautiful picture.

Losing no time I strapped on my
climbers and started up, but finding the
tree to large to reach around I had to
use a strap until the first limb was
reached, and leaving it there soon
reached the bottom of the nest, but here
came the difficult part for the nest was

‘so flaring that it was hard to gain ae.

cess to the top, but after a little plan-
ning soon swung over into the nest, but
the sight that met my gaze sent a shade
of disappointment over my face for
there sat two young eagles, scattered
all around the nest were parts of ducks
and fish some nearly fresh.

The nest was about six feet in depth
and eight feet across the top, perfectly
flat on top except a small hollow in the
center about a foot in diameter and six
inches deep lined with fine grass and
The bulk of the nest was com-
posed of pine branches about an inch in
diameter but some were much larger,
three feet long and two inches thick.

The nest was placed in the fork of
the large main limbs and was so solid
that 1 stood up and walked around on
the nest.

This nest is typical of about a dozen
nests which J have examined in the past
three weeks. Taking the young eagles
for mounting I soon desended and we
started on. In about two hours we had
found two more nests, and obtained two
fine sets of eggs. As it was now get-
ting late we packed the eggs safely in
our dinner basket (an indespensible art-
icle on eggin’ trips) and started home-
ward. To say that we were happy,
would not express it, I had found what
IT had been looking for for several years
and my joy kept bubbling over at times.
Well we reached home about dark and
so ended ‘a trip long to be remembered.

WILLARD ELIOT,
Tampa, Florida

i,
i
a

q

THE OOLOGIST. 41

Partridges and Their Relatives.

As there has been a great doal of
confusion in our country as to Part-
“ridges, quails, grouse, and ptarmigans
it may be well to make a diagnosis of
the differentating points in these kinds
of gallinaceous birds. As a group or
order, they are strongly marked; and
may be associated with our common
Domestic fowl. In other words, they
are the wild hens.

Quails and Partridges on the one
hand, and the grouse and the ptarmigan
on the-other, are well differentiated
from each other; for the naked legs and
feet and naked scab-covered nostrils of
the former, always mark them as dis-
tinct from the feathered legs or feather-
ed legs -and feet and finely feathered
nostrils of the latter.

Quails and Partridges, then, do not
have feathers on the feet and legs; and

no bird having such appendages should
be called a Partridge or Quail. But to
distinguish between the Quail and Part-
ridge is not so easy. In this country it
is the more difficult, from the fact that
in the strictest typical sense, we have
neither Partridges nor Quails, but birds
of such structural characters, as place
them between these two heading points
of classification. Ornithologists, how-
ever, are coming to decide, that the
short, thick, vaulted bills of our so eall-
ed Quails in America, place them rather
with the Partridges. The Quails prop-
er of the Old World, have a longer,
Straighter, and more alternated bill, a
longer and more pointed wing, and a
more slender leg than our so called
Quails. They are more particularly
birds of flight and of passage, and far
less of a scratching and running bird.
Our common Quail so-called, therefore,
and the elegant so-called Quails of
western North America, are Partridges
rather than Quails; and should be de-
signated accordingly.

As to the Grouse and the Ptarmigan,

_culla).

the differentiation is easier, and we
have genuine representatives of the two
families in this country. The Ptarmi-
gan, genus lagopus or hare-foot, has the
toes feathered out to the claws, strik-
ingly like the foot of a hare; while the
Grouse has only the leg feathered, and
the claws-pectinated with a sort of
scales. Generally, too, the Ptarmigan,
as itis a bird of the snowy mountain
regions, for which its foot, fitted with a
sort of snow-shoe, is so well adapted,
turns white in winter; while the Grouse
retains its color, and is not so boreal in
its habitat.

Our Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa wmbellus),
therefore, is not a Partridge, nor yet a
Pheasant, but a genuine Grouse; and
one of the most beautiful and interest.
ing of its kind.

This is the substance of a discussion
before the Ornithologist Association at
Washington, D. C., Dec. 1, 1891.

J. H. LANGILLE.

ee
Notes on some Peculiar Uggs.

Peculiarities occur so frequently in
the coloration of eggs as to be scarcely
worth recording as a rule, but the four
sets mentioned below differ so greatly
from the normal types as to merit a
brief description.

Seta. Laughing Gull (Larus atri-

Twoeggs. Groundeolor, now a clear
pale blue, much like Bluebird’s, but
were originally somewhat darker, over
this a few light brown dots are scat-
tered, so small as to be scarcely notice-
able.

Set b.
nigra).

Two eggs.
ted.

Set_c. American Oystereatcher (He-
matopus palliatus).

Two eggs. No.1 normal in all re-
spects. No. 2, ground color darker
than usual, while the superficial color

Black Skimmer (Lhynchops

Color dull white, wnspot-

42

is massed in one spot measuring 1x4
in. and some half dozen minute dots,
the whoje effect being very pecniiar.

Set d. Least Tern (Sterna antillarun).

Two eggs. No. 1, ground color pale
greenish-blue, resembling
Bittern’s, Pigment all confined to one
spot, nearly round, about 4 inch in
diameter. The color is black and very
thick like a drop of oil paint. No. 2
resembles No. 1, but spot is larger,
being nearly # inch in diameter, its
edges sharply defined.

There is a noticeable deficiency in the
amount of pigment in sets a and b and
this I think admits of a ready explana-
tion. The eggs of Gulls and Skimmers
are commonly taken for food and the
colonies from which the above men-
tioned sets were obtained had previous-
ly been systematically harried for sev-
eral weeks, until the reproductive pow-
ers of the birds were well nigh ex-
hausted.

Tn case of sets c and d the pecularities
are not accounted for so easily. Here
the color is normal in quantity but ab-
normal in its distribution, probably
owing to some slight malformation in
the oviduct of the female, and if so it
would be interesting to know whether
the same cause would produce similiar

* effects in a series of sets from the same
parents.

THEODORE W. RICHARDS,
Washington, D.C.

+<~—<>>—+

Collecting on the Farallone Islands.

About noon on June 2d,my friend, Mr.
Chamberlaiu, and I reached San Fran-
cisco and spent the afternoon in mak-
arrangements for our trip, having
previously obtained permission to col-
lect on the Farallones through the kind-
nessof Lieut. Perry, U.S. Lighhouse
Inspector.

Next morning at two o’clock we re-
paired to the wharf and embarked on a
“tug” which was getting up steam, pre-

the Least -

THE OOLOGIST.

paratory to going to the Island in
search of incoming vessels.

We had passed the bar, which is at
the entrance of San Francisco Bay,
and were very much excited at catch-
ing a glimpse of the Islands, when sud-
denly, by some strange means, the ex-
citement all left us and the remainder
of the voyage was passed in excrutiat-
ing agony.

On the near approach to our destina-
tion, we became aware of an incessant
glamor of voices coming from the dif-
ferent birds, which produced a very
wierd sound, and, at times, was, sa
loud, that one’s voice could not be
heard for any distance.

At seven o’clock we disembarked and
rested a few hours.

The main island known as the South
Farallone lies about twenty eight miles
west of San Francisco. It is about one
mile long and one-third as wide. The

light-house is situated on the highest —

point which is 3840 feet.

The Island contains numerous eaves
washed out by the surf thousands of
holes made between the rocks, by the
rabbits and some of the birds, and _ pre-
sents the appearance of a large barren
rock with many crags and points, with.
out a sign of vegetation, and has no in-
habitants except the light-house keepers
and families, sea lions, a great many
rabbits and countless numbers of sea,
birds.

The life of the light-house keeper is a

very monotonous one. The sounds that

he hears by day and night are always —
the same—the ceaseless ocean’s roar,

the wild screaming of the sea-birds, and
the occasional howl of a sea-lion.

In the early spring the islands are
covered with a plant called the ‘‘Faral-
lone weed,” but in a few months it dies
on account of the drought and is used
by most of the birds to construct their
rude nests.

Some years ago, a Frenchman
brought a pair of rabbits to the islands,

THE OOLOGIST. 43

with the intention of supplying the San
Francisco market, and in the winter,
when the weed is green, the island is
over run with rabbits, but, when the
weed dies, most of ihe rabbits, ‘‘follow
suit.”

The first set of eggs that we found
Was one of the Western Gull. The nest
was placed on the ground near the east
end.

It was a mere platform of Farallone
weed, about eighteen inches in diame-
ter, with a very slight depression in the
center containing two eggs. Measur-
ing 2.80 x 1.95. It is very interest-
ing to watch this species trying to catch
a young rabbit. They will watch pa-
tiently at the rabbit’s burrow until the
victim comes out when the gull poune-
es upon it and slowly devours it,

I have watched a gull trying to catch
a rabbit by slowly ‘walking up behind
the intended meal, but the rabbit would
invariably hop-out of reach at the criti-
cal moment.

This gull is the only one of its family
that nests on the Farallones,and it nests
indiscriminately over the entire Island.
An average set is three.

The next nest found was that of the
Rock Wren and to me this is one of the
most interesting species found. The
bird reminds somewhat of the Dwarf
Hermit Thrush.

The nest is builtin a hole generally
under.a boulder, or ina rift of rocks.
The five nests that I examined were
made of cocoanut fibres and lined with
hair,(from the “Island Mule,”) or feath-
ers, but the interesting feature is that
inside of the hole and all around the
entrance is paved with flat chips of
rock, and in one instance, with shell
and small bones. Thechips of the rock
yaried from one-half to an inch in length
about one-half an inch in breadth and
quite thin.

They nest all over the island, more
frequently on the lower portions. ‘This
is the only land bird that nests on the
Farallones.

Out of the five nests, two contained
seven eggs each, two contained five
eggs and two young one’s each, and the
last one, three eggs. ‘They are pure
white with light brown spots, princi-
pally around the larger end.

Average size is a .73 x .57.

The Tufted Puffin, called ‘‘Sea-Par-
rot,” was found to be very abundant
principally near the west end, it slight-
ly resembles a Cockatoo. Their single
egg is laid in a horizontal burrow (often
made by themselves) from two to five
feet deep. Occasionally a few pieces
of weed are used for a nest.

These Puffins keep up a growling
noise almost constantly,—in their bur-
rows, or out.

A typical egg in my collection meas-
ures 2.7oxl.95 inches. It is of a dull
whith color with indistinet purplish and
light brownish blotches, principally in
a wreath around the larger end. In
tome the marks are not discernable.

One day was spent in hunting Cormo-
rant’s eggs with great success, although
we only found Baird’s and Brandt’s—no
Farallones. They are called -‘Shags,”’
and were most plentiful about the cen-
ter of the island, above 150 feet eleva-
tion.

About forty nests of Baird’s Cormor-
ant were examined, most of them con-
taining three eggs. The nests are
composed of Farallone weed and placed
on ledges of rock. The eggs are ofa
light blue and covered with a chalky
substance. Average size of Baird’s
is 2.20x1.45 inches. Brandts and Faral-
lone’s are larger.

Only a few sets of two eggs each of
the Pigeon Guillemot were found, al-
though the birds were very plentiful.
They are called ‘‘Sea-Pigeon” and nest
in any suitable hole among the rocks.
The eggs are beautiful, being of a light
greenish-blue, blotched, principally at
the larger end with dark-brown and in-
distinct blotches of lilac. Measure-
ments are 2.48x1.62.

44 THE OOLOGIST

The last sets found were those of Ces-
sin’s Auklet. One egg is deposited in
a crevice under some rocks and the
old bird is generally on the eggs.

They all seem to keep concealed dur-
ing the day, but appear in large num-
bers about dusk.

A typical egg is white with a very
Slight greenish tinge, and measures,
1.95x1.31. :

All the bird inhabitants have their
peculiar notes and at dusk the Auks
can be distinguished by their, chee-rie
kee—chee-rie-kee.

The Guillemot’s plaintive note some-
what resembles the sound made by a
young pigeon.

Beside the “eggers’”’ it is said the
California Murre has a forminable ene-
my in the gull, op account of the large
quantities of eggs that he steals, when
the the Murres leave their nest: and I
do not doubt that he eats eggs, on ac-
count of a little lesson that he taught
us.

When “‘C” had laid down a _ hatful of
eggs for a miuute a Gull swooped down
and picked out the only Auklets egg
and ate about ten Cormorants eggs be-
fore discovered.

FRED A. SCHNEIDER,
College Park, Cala.
Our Winter Visitors.

Who does not hail with delight, the
coming of those feathered friends which
cheer us with their bright presence and
merry chatter, when nature has donned
her somber robes of grays and browns?
What stout hearted little fellows those
must be who can face the bleak winds

and bitter cold and snow of the North!

Think of such a tiny bit of life asa
Kinglet braving the severest weathers,
allruffied up ina ball, flitting among
the branches of trees and picking frozen
insects from the cracks ard crevices of
the bark, when the thermometer regis-
ters thirty degrees below zero; the

while chirpping merrily and now and ;
then singing their sweet little song. "Tis —
a Wise provision of Nature, that these
little midgets can keep warm, even in
the coldest of weather, when the larger —
species are compelled to migrate to
warmer lands.

As long ago as I can remember, J
took pity on the poor little bare-foot
birds, and longed to bring them in and —
warm them by the fire. My childish —
mind could not solve the mystery of how
the little Snow birds could stay out in
the snow all day without freezing,
while I was so much larger and could
stay out but afew minutes. Mother
used to tell me to knit stockings for
them, but I was to young too do that,
though I would try and bother her to
start them for me.

Another dusky little bit of bird life, —
that makes itself welcome here, during
the winter season, ever reminding us
of its presence with its ‘‘gzé, git, git git,
git, git,’ as it teeters among the bush
and fences, under logs and over the
house, is the Winter Wren. it asks no

odds, but will climb up the door or %

ereep in at the window and tell one
“it git” with as much independence as
if it owned the whole world.

It awakens at the earliest dawn and
we are often called to listen, by its
faint, but clear musical song, long be-
fore the sun has risen, as it rustles
among the fodder leaves in the shed,
They are not afraid of even the cats,
and will go within two feet of puss
while lying in wait, but is dancing in
yon brush pile before kit has time to
move.

The ‘‘little upside down birds,” (Nut-
hatches), are a source of constant tor-
ment to the cats. They have learned
to come in the yard for crumbs, and
are so tame and teasing as to keep just
out of reach of those sharp claws that
would like so well to toss and play with
them awhile.

The “little downy” has taken up his

=

THE OOLOGIST. 45,

Winter quarters in the garden, and has
carved a neat hole down in the old
stump, and will peck your hand if you
place it over the opening.

The Persimmons and Black Gums are
still full of fruit, down by the springs,
where Woodpeckers of all kind flock in
to get their breakfast, and Robins,
Blue-birds and Waxwings feast through-
out the day. The Purple Finches, too,
make them an occasional call with their
yeaping cries, like a flock of young
chickens.

Weare greeted all the year by the
_ clear toned whittle of the Black-cap, as
he hangs from some swaying limb, or is
merrily singing his chick-a-dee-dee-dee
dee.

Our night music from the Chat, is re-
placed by the screaming, rediculous
laughing and Whoh hoo, hoo-hoo, hoo-
hoo, hoo, hoo-hooah of the Great Horn-
ed Owl. An occasional note is hoard
from the Motted Owl, in the morning
or evening, as he sit lazily in the door
of his palace in the Chinquapin tree

The only Barred Owl we have met
with came to stay. He stole the bait
from onr Wild-eat trap, one night, and
the next night was unlucky for him
He now ornaments our book-case top.

This winter the Red-heads are all
flown away; Tawney Thrushes and
Snow-birds are very plentiful; Titmice
are scattering; White-throated Sparrows
are abundant; Fox Sparrows very rare,
and since Thanksgiving, the Turkey
hasnot been seen at all.

Mrs. LILLig PLEAS,
Clinton, Ark.

Nesting of the Golden-winged Warbler.

While out collecting May 25, 1891, in
asmall piece of swampy land on the
borders of Voight’s Woods, I was
startled by a small bird that darted
from some small bushes near my feet. I
recognized it asthe Golden-winged Warb-
ler. After searching for a few moments

‘gest sets that I ever took as the

I found the nest which contained four
egos. The nest was composed of grass-
es, roots and leaves, and lined with fine.
dried grass with a little thistle down.
The eggs measured .60x.47, .62x.48, .65.
x.50, .66x.52 and were of a creamy
white color speckled with umber, lilac
and chestnut with the greatest number
of spots at the larger end. This bird
can generally be found in the vicinity
of low swampy woods and is a beauti-
ful little creature. Its song is a pleas-
ing lisping warble, and its habits are
like those of the Titmice.
B. H. SwALes,
Detroit, Mich.

————

Michigan Notes, 1891.

May 25th—Prairie Warbler—set of
two fresh eggs from a nest situated in
asmall thorn bush. The nest was a
beautiful little structure composed of
fibres and grass and lined with hair
and down.

May 27th-Hermit Thrush—took a
set of three fresh eggs from a nest ina
small bush. It also contained a Cow-
bird’s egg.

May 28th—Took sets of Sand 7 Red-
headed Woodpecker eges from nests in
an old poplar tree. These are the lar-
number.
is usually five

Savanna Sparrow—set of four from —
nest in a hole made by a cow.

May 29th—Wilson’s Thrush—set of
four eggs from nestin a small bush. It
also contained one Cowhird’s egg. This
is quite a common breeder here.

June Ist—Myrtle Warbler—found a
set of four fresh eges ina nest ina
hemlock tree in Highland Park. The
nest was firm and compact, about ten
feet from the ground.

June 4th—Bobolink—set of five fresh
eggs from nest situated in a meadow.
Their nests are extremely hard to find.

June 12th—American Redstart—set,

46

of four fresh eggs from nest in small
maple.

June 13th—Ruby-throated Humming-
‘bird—set of two from nest in oak tree
twenty-five feet from the ground.

June 18th—Lark Sparrow—four fresh
eggs from nest in pasture. Thisis the
only nest of this species I ever found
here.

June 2lst—Orchard Oriole—three
fresh eggs, nest in a small maple.

B. H. SWALES,
Detroit, Mich.

A Golden Nugget.

A strange novelty is this golden table
orn, with its beautiful rich cream col-
or. .Itis claimed by those who know
it that it is very sweet, early and tender
and a superior corn. We notice Vick
recommends it very highly. The Flor-
al Guide, which comes to us, bringing
a boquet of Carnations on the front
cover, with a:splendid bunch of Bril-
liant Poppies on the back, gives full de-
scription of this new corn, which is only
15 cents a packet. Vick’s Floral Guide
is worthy a place in the home of anyone
who expects to make a garden the com-
ing spring: By all means send ten
cents to JAMES VICK’s SONS, Rochester,
N. Y., for the Guide, and you can de-
duct this amount from your first or-
‘der. It will pay you well.

2» es

Maryelously rich in illustrations and
text is the fiftieth anhiversary number
of the American Agriculturist, published
at 52 & 54 Lafayette place, New York,
for January. It contains no less than
143 illustrations engraved especially for
it. Most ofthe leading authorities in
American and foreign agriculture are
‘among its contributors. lt gives a re-
markable statisticalepitome of the pres-
ent situation of American agriculture
and the figures to show its apparently
brilliant tuture.A comprehensive statis-
tical review of the cotton trade and crop
-for fifty years and of our live stoek and
principal cereal crops is also given.
The list is given of all the live stock
breeders’ associations of the world that
preserve a registry for recording pedi-
grees, Which isas complete for HKurope
‘as for the United States, and is alone

THE OOLOGIST.

worth many times the fifteen cents
charged for a single copy, or $1;50 per
year.

A QUARTER OF A CENTURY has elaps-
ed since Lippincott’s Magazine was first
presented to the reading public. By
adding new and original features it has
kept in advance of the times, and now
occupies a unique position among mag-
azines. It was the first to abandon the
use of serial stories, and by publishing
a complete novel in each number, the
Magazine has wonderfully increased in
popularity. The January number (92)
contains a remarkable novel, dealing
with newspaper life, entitled ‘THE
PASSING OF MAJOR KILGORE,” by
Young E. Allison, late Managing editor
of the Louisville Courier-Journal. A
series of articles on Athletics also com-
menced in the January number.
initial article on ‘‘Boxing”’ by Daniel L,
Dawson, illustrated. The articles will
be prepared by experts in such sports
and exercises as Rowing, Fencing, Base
Ball, Cricket, Walking, Swimming,
Archery, Tennis, Foot-Ball, Riding,
Sailing, Golf, La Crosse, Polo, Wheel-
ing, Curling, etc., as well as articles on
Physical Training and In-Door Exercis-
es. New Talent will be heartily en-
couraged as heretofore, and writers
from every section of the country will
be represented in the pages of Lippin-
cott’s during 1892. A series of articles
dealing with reminiscences of men fa-
mous in our political history, and giy-

ing hitherto unpublished correspond-
ence, will form a feature. A Depart-

ment entitled ‘“‘As it seems, treating
of topics of timely interest, will from a
valuable feature during the year. It
would be impossible to mention in
detail the wealth of material that
has been secured for the ensuing year
in the shape of Short Stories, Essays,
Poems, ete. 25 cents, single number,
$3.00 per year.

“La Grippe.”’

Persons suffering from ‘‘La Grippe”’
are speedily and permanently cured by
HUMPHREY’S SPECIFICS, NOS.ONE
and SEVEN. NUMBER ONEallays the
fever, pain and inflamation, while NO,
SEVEN cures the Cough, Hoarsenes

and Sore Throat.

The ©

THE OOLOGIST.

The Young Oologist 2 The Oologist

Comprising together the most popular magazine, devoted to Birds, their
Nests and Hgqs, ever published.

Appreciating their value, the published has reserved a limited quantity of each
issue to supply future Wemands. He has now, all told,
LESS THAN ONE HUNDRED COPIES OF EACH ISSUE.

Collectors will readity see the advisability of Completing their Files or obtaining a
Complete Set at Once!
Back numbers will soon be exceedingly rare and valuable and possibly not obtainable at any price

nies CONTENTS.

The following table of contents enumerates some of tae principal articles in each issue. The
short articles” mentioned are one column or less in length and are all of great value to the

atudent.

Not mentioned in the list of contents, each issue contains one or two pages of “items’’ or
‘brief notes’’, one column to two pages of exchange notices, and from three to eight pages of —
advertisements, besides a ‘“‘query column” which occurs in many, although not all issues.

THE YOUNG OOLOGIST.

VOLUMETI. Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4,5, and 12 each con-
tain 16 pages. Nos. 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 each contain-
20 pages. No. 11 contains 36 pages.

No. 1,—Instructions for Collecting Birds’ Eggs,
(3 pages): Coues’ Key; Twenty-four short ar-
ticles. May, 1884.

No. 2.—Instructions for Collecting Birds’ Eggs,
concluded, (2 pages) ; Painted Buntings; Cala.
Mottled Owl; List of Birds Found at Mon-
treal; 24 short articles. June, ’84.

No. 3.—Maine Items; Yellow-headed Blackbird;
Orchard Oriole; The Slip System; Wilson’s
Thrush; Hand-book of Agassiz Association;
23 short articles. July, ’84.

No. 4.—Sereech Owl; Importance of Identifica-
tion; A La. Heronry; Cardinal Crosbeak;
Eagile’s Nest; How to Make and Use Bird
Lime; 14 short articles. Aug., ’84.

No. 5.—Bird-nesting—To Collect Scientifically,
(8 pages); Cala. Birds; From Wyoming; 22
short articles. Sept., 84.

No. 6.—Bobolink, % pages); Sea Birds of
Maine; Egging in Cala. Swamp; Old ‘‘Put”
and the Bird’s Nest; List of Wisconsin Birds;
12 short articles. Oct., ’&.

No. 7.—Bronzed Grakle; Singular Duel; Fish
Hawk; Spurred Towhee and Least Tit; Old
“Put and the Bird’s Nest; Bird Island, 14
short articles. Novy., ’&.

No. 8.—The Alligator; Collecting in Marshes;
Woodcock; “Our Birds in Their Haunts,”
Iowa Notes; Redstart; Summer Redbird: 18
Short articles. Dec., ’84.

No. 9.—Baltimore Oriole; Texas Jottings; Sap-
suckers; Barn Owl; American Ornithologists’
Union, (3 pages); How to Handle a Gun;
Black-eapped Titmouse; Egg of the Moa. Jan.

No. 10.—Winter Wren; Cala. Duck Hunting;
Screech Owl;Davie’s Egg Check List; Pea-

".cock with Queer Tastes; White-bellied Nut-

atch; Blue Jays; Spotted Robin Eggs; 8

short articles. F'eb., ’85. .
Wo. 11.—Bank Swallow; English Sparrows;

Study of Birds: Gt. Horned Owl; Yellow-

billed Cuckoo; Gambel’s Quail; Conn. Notes;

Intelligence of the Oriole;. Yellow-breast

Chat; Maryland Yellow-throat; White-

Rumped Shrike; List of Pacific Coast Birds;

Knights of Audubon; Sample Data Blanks,

(4 pages) ; 32 short articles. March, ’85.

No. 12.—Completes Vol. J. Title pages for
binding, with complete and exhaustive in“ex,
{8 pages.) April, ’8.

VOLUME TI. consists of but two numbers.
Each contains 32 pages.

No. 13.—Bartram’s Gardens; South Carolina’
Observations, (6 pages); Scientific Names;
Gt. Horned Owl; Bank Swallows; Knights of
Audubon; Hummingpird; R. I. Notes; Texas
Jottings; 30 short articles. May,-’8d.

No. 14.—American Crossbill; Audubon’s Birds
of America; Iilincis Notes; Destruction of
Birds; Cuckoos; Cala. notes; Wrens on the
Warpath; Golden-winged Warbler; Fox
Sparrow; Our Winter Birds; Snipe Creek;
Red-head; Wisconsin Jottings; Burrowing
Owl, etc.; A Florida Trip; Horned Lark;
Queer Homes und Nesting sites: Brave Bird;
Ferruginovs Rough Leg; Sparrows; Pigmy
Nuthatch ; 26 short articles. June, ’8.

THE OOLOGIST.

Volumes III. and IV. are Bi-Monthly. The
remaining volumes are Monthly.
VOLUME ITI. each issue averages 12 pages.

No. 15.—Full page Frontispiece.—dmerican Wa-
ter Ouzels and Nest; Chester Island and the
Marsh Wrens; Birds of Cortland Co., N. Y.,
(4% pages); A Cheap Cabinet; Nest of the
Black-and-white Creeper; Summer Birds
about Washington, D. C.; Davie’s Nests and
Eggs of N. A. Birds; Water Blowpipe; 5
Short Articles. Jan. & Feb., ’86.

No. 16.—Vagary of a Collector (Great Horned
Owl, Climbing Strap); A Hunt for Tern Hggs;
Birds of Cortland Co., N. Y.; Notes from
North Carolina; Whip-Poor-Will; Nest of the
Brown Creeper; Black-billed Cuckoo Deposit-
ing Eggs in a Yellow-billed Cuckoo’s Nest;
Cannibalism of the Red-headed Woodpecker;
23 short articles. March & April, 86.

No. 17.—History of a Bird-Box; Tree Sparrow;
Nests of the Green Heron; Bird Notes from
Iowa; A Difficult Climb after a Red-tailed
Hawk’s Nest; Review of the Check-Lists of
N. A. Birds, with special Reference to the
new A. O. U. List (3 pages); The State of
Maine as a Field for the Ornith@logist; 16
short articles. May & June, ’86.

No. 18.—My first White Crane’s Nest; Spring
Notes; Notes from Chester County, Pa.;
Turkey Buzzards; How to Make a Cabinet;
Chewink Nests in a Tree; A Cabinet fora
large Collection; 13shortarticles. Jy.&Aug.,’86

No. 19.—Collecting on Long Island; Chimney,
Swift; A Day with the Loons; Illinois Bird-
Notes; Marsh Wrens: A Plucky Wood Pewee;

THE OOLOGIST.

Cee eee

Minnesota Notes; Yates County (N. Y.)
Notes; 8 short articles. Sept. to Nov., "86.

No. 20.-Completes Volume Ji/. 'Vitle pages for
pinding. with complete and exhaustive Index
of Volumes II. and III. Dec., ’86.

VOLUMEIV. Each issue averages 12 pages.

No. 21.—Birds of Chester County, Penn. (10
pages); Chestnut-sided ‘Warbler; Massachu-
setts Letter; Bills of Birds; 3 short articles. t

No. 22.—Notes from Spoon River Region, Illi-
nois; Peculiarities of the _Ruby-throated
Hummingbird; Purple Gallinule; How to
Collect; Bird Surgery; Rufous-vented and
Bendire’s Thrashers and Canon Towhee;
Newsy Items; Notes from College Hill, Ohio;
Nesting of our Swallows; Notes from Sulli-
van Co., . Y.; Blue-Gray Gnatecatcher;
Notes from Connecticut; Fidelity of thesSong

' Sparrow; 13 short articles. March to May,’87.

Nos. 23-24. Combined number,—Tour in the
Woods at Fort Washington, Pa.; National
Museum (Department of Birds, Nest and
Begs); Beaver County, Pa. Notes; Black-
capped Chickadee; Hawking: Agassiz ASSO-
ciation and its Work; Crow Roosts of New
Jersey; Swainson’s, Warbler; Destroy the
Cowbird; Traill’s and Acadian Flycatchers; 7
short articles. June to Sept., ’8?. :

Nos. 25-26. Combined number,—Gannet; White
Pelican; Black-capped Chickadee; Mocking-
pird; Late Collecting; Yellow-breasted Fly-

- catcher; 5 short articles. Oct. to Dec., 87.

VOLUME V. 16 pages each issue.

No. 27.—Brown ‘l'hrasher; Bald Eagle; Shoot-
ing a Golden Eagle; Florida Jottings: De-
structive Nesting (English Sparrow) ; Arctic

. Terns; Notes from Lincoln County, Maine:
Acadian Flycatcher; Red-shafted Flicker, 14

short articles. Jan., ’88.

No. 28.—Title pages for binding, with complete
and exhaustive Index of Volume IV.; Egg of
Aipyornis Maximus, the Colossal Bird of Mad-
agascar (64% pages) ; Fish Crow. Feb., 788.
©. 29.—Icterus spurius; Water Blowpipe;
Cardinal Grosbeak; Kansas Notes; A Moon-
light Trip; Among the Coots on St. Clair
Flats; Brown Thrush in Confinement, 9 short

“ articles. March, ’88.

No. 30.—Boat-tailed Grackle; Destruction of
our Native Birds (4 pages); Gleanings from
Correspondence: Nest in a Horseshoe; 5) Short
articles. April, ’88.

No. 31.—Oology (Advice to Collectors); Bald
Eagle; A Snipe Hunt; Notes taken at Norris-
town, Pa.; Nidification of [ctinea mississippr-
ensis; Among the Warblers; Chestnut-sided
Warbler: 6 short articles. May, ’88. :

No. 32._Family Rallidae in Michigan (3%
pages); Egg Collecting; Bird Voices; Road
Rinner: Notes on the Birds of Beaver, Pa.; 3
short articles. June, ’88.

No. s¢.— Loon or Great Northern Diver (2
pages); Eggs of Mississippi Kite; Nesting of
Pyown Pelican; Breeding Habits of American
Flamingo (3 pages) ; 3 short articles. July,’88.
os. 24-385. Combined number.—Reminiscences
of 1886; Trip to Seven Mile Beach; Defense of
bacus, Wiciu Work in Waukesha Co., Wiscon-

$8in; Great Auk; Arkansas Notes; Black
Snowbird; Notes for Collectors; Some of our
Falconidae; Jim (A Tame Crow); Buffalo
International Fair; 8 short articles. Aug..Sep.

Nos. 36-37. Combined number,—American*Os-
prey; A Day with the Gulls; Florida Notes;
A Plea for the English Sparrow ; Useful Con-
trivances; Game Laws; Notes from Lake
County, Obio; South Carolina Notes; A
Pleasant Excursion; Sparrows and Cat; Her-
mit Thrush; Western House Wren; A Few
Words to Observers; Flying Squirrels Occu-
pying Birds’ Nests ; 15 short articles.Oct.,Nov.

No. 35.—Ostrich Farming : An Afternoon’s Col-
lecting Trip; California Notes; Notes from
St. Luwrence Co., N. Y.; Bird-Arrivals in N.

E. Indiana; Bank Swallow: Faunal Changes,
—DeKalb Co., Indiana; Audubon Monument ;.
10 short articles. Dec., ’88

VOLUME VI. 20 pages each issue.

No. 39.—Title pages for binding, with Complete.
and Exhaustive Index of Volume V.; Breed-
ing Habits of the Bridled Tern: Wood Thrush
and Brown Thrasher; From Western North
Carolina; Birds of Broome Co., N. Y.: Pecul-
iar Lge of Corvus frugivorus,; Cuckoos : Notes
from Alabama; Carolina Parakeet; 12 short
articles.. Jan.. °89. (

No. 40.—A Red-headed Family (Picidae) (614
pages); Raptores of Michigan; Wild Turkey ;
Birds of lowa: The “Critic”? Criticised; 8.
short articles. Feb., *89.

No. 41,—Directions for making a Bird or Main-
mal Skin; The Owl; A Crow Quandary;
Birds of Macon County, Ga.; Collecting Ex-
perience; Story of a Tame Crow; 6 short,
articles. March, ’89. ;

No. 42.—Raptores of Michigan (8 pages) ; Nest~
ing of the Tufted Tit; Peculiarities in Sets:
and Eggs of a Few of our Commoner Birds :
Difference between White-rumped and Log-
gerhead Shrikes: Birds of Grafton Co., N.
H.; Sample Pages of Davie’s New Checl-
List; 6 short articles. April, *89.

No. 43.—Avi-Fauna of Orleans County, N. Y.
(6% pages); The Robin; The Crow in the.
North; Bald EHEagle’s Nest: Making Bird
Skins; 3 short articles. May, ’89.

No, 44.—Birds of Matthews co., Va.; Changes.
in the Nesting of Birds; Collecting Tour in
Florida; Nesting of Pygmy Owl; lifference.
between White-rumped and Loggerhead
Shrikes: Blaci-billed Cuckoo in Dakota;
Datas; Nest of Marsh Hawk: 4 short articles.

No. 45.—Michigan Notes (4% pages) ; Arkansas.
Notes: Goldfinch in Confinement ; Burrowing:
Owl: Our Reply; Gleanings from Correspond-
ents; 5 short articles. July, 89.

No. 46.—Notes from Hillsborough Co., Florida.
(2 pages) : Shore Lark in Canada; Can Quails.
be Domesticated?; Red-tailed Hawk : Untime-
ly End of a Set of Brown-headed Nuthatch
Eggs: Broad-winged Hawk and Black-cappea.
Chickadee; Gleanings from Correspondents ;:
Wilson Ornithological Chapter of the Agassiz.
Association: 4 short articles. Aug.. 89.

No. 47.—"Old Abe” Jr.; A Day’s Collecting
Trip; Bell’s Vireo: Black Tern; Yellow-
rumped Warbler; An Automatic Blower.
Flight of Ducks: White-esed or Florida Tow-
hee; Pygmy Owl: Cooper’s Hawk; 10 short:
articles. Sept., °89.

No. 48.—Winter Birds of Kalamazoo County,
Mich. (2% pages): American Hong-eared
Owl; Wood Ibis in Illinois; Birds of Bertie.
Co., N. C.; Collecting in Western Florida: A
White Sparrow’ Nests and H¢es of North
American Birds; Black Tern; 8 short articles.

No. 49.—Thick-billed Grebe; Birds’ Nests; Yel~
low-billed Cuckoo; Mechanical Ege Drill:
Birds Moving their eggs : Cardinal Grosbeak »
To Pack Eggs for Transportation: Disposal
of Duplicate Specimens; Complete List of
the Birds of North America arranged accora-
ing to the A. O. U. Check-List (6 pages) ; 4
short articles. Noy., ’89.

No. 50.—Birds of Niagara County, N. Y.: Shore
Lark; Incidents in Bird Life; Gleanings from
our Correspondence: Marsh Hawk; Yellow-
headed Blackbird; Northern Phalarope; 12
short articles. Dec., °89.

VOLUME VII.

No. 51.—Title pages for binding, with Complete
and Exhaustive Index of Volume VI.: Notes
on Florida Birds (8 pages) ; Ornithology ang
Bicycling: Audubon Ornithological Clubs
Florida Field Notes; Trip to Devil’s Glen:
Simple Contrivance ; Capture of a Trumpeter
Swan;4 short articles. Jan.,°90. ~

No. 52.—Breeding of the Brown-headed Nit-

THE OOLOGIST.

hatch; Prairie Horned Lark: Collecting Ex-
perience; Snowy Owl; Nest of the Texan Bob-
white; Unusual Nesting of the Downy Wood-
pecker; Evening Grosbeak; Blue-Gray Gnat-
catcher and Tufted Tit: 6 short articles. Feb.

No. 53.—Summer Residents of Buena Vista
County, Iowa: In the Woods of Florida;
Birds of Mackinac Island, Mich. ; Among the
Gulls on Isle Royale; Sandhill Crane; Even-
ing Grosbeak; Ruby-crowned Kinglet; Cac-
tus Wren; Screech Ow! in Captivity ; Taking
Birds’ Nests; 11 short articles. March, 790.

No. 54.—Caged Eagles; lvening Grosbeak (2
UES) 5
ivd; Notes from Rochester, Mich. ; Family

Rallidae in Minnesota; Downy Woodpecker ;
Hardly Ornithological! ; 10 short articles. Apr.

No. 55.—Do Birds Mate More than Once?;
Habits of the Evening Grosbeak; Pileated
VYoodpecker in Florida; Bird Protection,
Chimese or Mongolian Pheasant in Oregon;
Prairie Warbler; Winter Birds in Spring; A
Valuable Work: Davie’s New Work on Taxi-
dermy; 12 short articles. May, ’90

No. 56.—Nesting habits of the American Oyster-
catcher; Prairie Horned Lark ; Saw-Whet or
Acadian Owl; Pine Warbler; Bluebird; Albi-
nos; Pileated Woodpecker in Mahoning
County. Ohio; Belligerent Neighbors. Re-
cording the number of Birds Observed: Book
Review ; Prospectus of the Worcester Natural
History Camp (44% pages); 12 short articles.Je.

No. 57.—American Crossbill; Crested Grebe>
Voracious Mountain Trout; Yellow-billed
Cuckoo; Long-tailed Chickadee; Rough-
Winged Swallow; Great Horned Ow]; Some
Unusual Happenings; Pallas’ Cormorant;
Eggs of Audubon’s Warbler; 12 short articles.

No. 58.—The Caprimulgidae in Arkansas:
White-bellied Nuthateh; Strange Co-habita-
tion; Variation in the Eggs of Habia ludovici-
ana; King Rail in Minnesota; 8 short arti-
cles. Aug., ’90.

No. 59.—The Use of the Camera in the Wield;
Saw-Whet or Acadian’ Owl; Nesting of the
Biack Snowbird: Marsb Hawk. Plaiv Tit-
mouse; Lost Opportunities: The Magnolia
Warbler; Wilson’s Plover at Home; 8 short
articles. Sept., ’90. .

No. 60.—The Use of the Camera in the Field.
A study of nests (64% pages, illustrated with 4
photo engravings); The Flathead (Montana)
Field; The Owls of San Bernardino Valley: A
Collecting Adventure, The Ruby-throated
Hummingbird; Ornithologists at Indian-
apolis; The Burrowing Owl: After ‘‘Gators’
Eggs; Notes from Northern Minnesota.
Oct, 790.

No. 61.—The Ruby-throated Hummingbird
(Fairies in a Fairyland) (3% pages); Notes
from Travis Co., Texas; A Week to Mt. Ham-
ilton; Great Horned Owl; Strange Co-habita-
tion; Brewer’s Blackbird; Nesting of Con-
topus borealis in Maine; A Letter from Oliver
Dayie Relating to his New Work on Taxi-
dermy; Notes on Ardea herodias; The Pro-
thonotary Warbler, Nesting of the Virginia
Rail; The Yellow Rail im Mich.; An Outline
of the More Valuable Articles Appearing in
the YOUNG OOLOGIST (38 pages) ; 7 short arti-
cles. Nov., ’90.

No. 62.—The Rusty Blackbird; Notes from
Ohio; Evening Grosbeak in New Hampshire ;
The Cala. Partridge or Valley Quail; Nothing
at All—a Poem; Case for Instruments; Notes
from Island Lake. Florida; 3 short articles.
Dec.. 90.

Solitary Sandpiper; Summer Red--.-

No. 68.—The

VOLUME VIII. No. 63 contains 24 pages,
No. 64, 32 pages. No, 66-67, 36 pages inclndiug
cover. The balance, 20 pages, including covers
N o 74 also contains an additional 4 page in-
set.

No. 63.—A Day Among the Fish Hawks: The
Marsh Wrens of Hudson Co., N. J.; Now.—
The Time to Wage War on the English Spar-
row; Nesting of the Downy Woodpecker in
Kalamazoo Co., Mich.; American Sparrow
Hawk; Anna’s Hummingbird; Was it a Cow-
Bird’s nest; Florida Red-shouldered Hawk;
On Owl’s Tenacity to Life; Western Horned
Owl; Albino Eggs; An Afternoon with the
Birds: A “Good Enough” Way to Blow Hegg;
Meeting of the A. O. U.; Expert Taxidermy ;
5 short articles. Jan. 791,

No. 64.—Flycatcher Notes; Collecting in the
Marsh; House Finch; The Barred Owl; Yel-
low-breasted Chat; Anna’s Hummingbird;
Birds North of Their Usual Range; Egg Col-
lecting—The Two Classes; A Perfect Collect-
ino; Texas Notes; Nesting of Spinus pinus in
the Northwest. Title pages for binding with
complete and exhaustive index for Vol. vii.
4 short articles. Feb. 91.

No. 65.—A New Year’s Soliloquy; Water Ouzel b
An Ornithological Paradise; ‘The English
Sparrow Must Go”; Fond Mothers: Passen-
ger Pigeon; The OOLOGIST; Caracara or Mex-
ican Kagle; The Cooper’s Hawk; Some Early
Birds of Linn Co., Oregon; Broad-winged
Hawk; The Extinction of Our Birds. Mar.’91

No. 66-67.— Combined Number.—A List of the.

Birds of Elgin Co., Ont.—(6% pages); Ran-
dom Notes onthe Belted King-fisher; The
English Sparrow: A Few Articles for the
Collector; Screech Owl; Western Meadow
Lark; Hermit Thrush; Aves urbdis, A Much
Occupied Nest! The Whip-poor-will; Nesting
of the Red-tailed Hawk; Cooper’s Hawk: The
Eagles of North America; Nesting of the
Black-eapped Chickadee in Kalamazoo Co.,
Mich. ; Nesting of the Purple Finch; The Red
eyed Vireo; Bird Life of an Islet; Migration
of the Canada Goose; Association of Ameri-
can Ornithologists; Notes on the Wright’s
Flycatcher: 3 short articles. Apr. and May 91.
Hummingbirds of California;
Ring Pheasant; The Carolina Wren; Ameri-
can Dipper; A Trip to Pelican Island; Michi-
gan Ornithology: A Duty to Perform; Great
Horned Owl; Hnemies of Our Feathered
Friends; Queer Neighbors; Bird Migration.
June 91. j
No. 69.—Some Florida Notes; The New Era in
Ornithology; The Amusing Antics of a Pair
of Brown Thrashers; The Chewink in Or-
leans County: The Yellow-billed and Black-
billed Cuckoos; Changes in {Michigan Orni-
thology; My First Nighthawk’s Nest; The
Wrens of North Carolina: What causes the
Quick Notes of the Whip-poor-will; A Better
Report from Texas; Items of Interest from
Florida; The American Osprey; Nesting of
the Chestnut-backed Chickadee. July, °91.
No. 70,—The Story of a Flood; Weeding the
Birds in Winter; Nest and Eggs. of the Ru-
fous Hummingbird; The Chewink in Broome
Co., N. Y.; The Carolina Wren Again; A Trip,
to Smith’s Island; More About the Iowa Ha-
gles; Some Notes on the Breeding of the Car-
olina Snow-bird; Black and White Creepers;
Nesting of the Sharp-shinned Hawk; Danger
in using Arsenical Soap; Interesting Notes
from Oregon; Answers to that Turkey Vul-
ure Query; ‘‘Meadow Larks and Turkey Buz-
zards; Seaside School of Biology; World’s
Fair Notes. Aug. 791.

No. 71.—The Black and White Creeping} War-

bler; An Indiana Herony; The Wneglish gpar-
row in Bay City,"Mich; Michigan Notes;
Gambel’s White-crowned Sparrow; A Ram,

THE OOLOGIST.

bling Mixture from Connecticut; Henslow’s
Sparrow; A Few Notes on Ornithology and
Or nithologists ; The Ruby-throated Humming-
bird; Of Interest to Oologists; How I Found
a Killdeer’s Nest; Range of the Towhee;Owls
as Pets; Michigan Notes; A Rose-breasted
Grosbeak Widower: 5 short arts. Sept. 91.

No. 72.—The Screech Owl; The Divers; In Fa-
vor of an Organization; What is the Most
Northern Latitude in Which the Chewink
Breeds; Notes at Ramdom; Ornithologists
Association; Harlan’s Buzzard and the Red-
tail; An April's Outing; Eggs of the Sharpe’s
Seed- eater; Shall We Have a General Associ-
ation of Scientists ; A Trip to Cobb’s Island;
One of Indiana’s New Laws; ‘‘Bird Nesting in
Northwest Canada,” ‘“‘Hremde Hier im Nest.”
5 short articles. Oct. 91. 4

No. 73.—The Great Carolina Wren; A Timely
Letter; Western Robin; Western New York
Naturalist’s Association; The Scissor-tailed
Flycatcher; California Thrasher; Ornitholo-
gist Association: Albino Birds; Chewink or

‘Chewee”’; “Our Birds in Their Haunts”’;
The Lark Bunting; List of Birds Found
Breeding in the Vicinity of Peoria, Ills;
World's” Fair Notes; Relics by the Wagon
Load. Nov. ’91.

No. 74.—The Sharp-shinned Hawk; A White
Crow; The Pileated Woodpecker; Russet-
backed Thrush; How Dr. M. Keeps His Oolo-
gical Treasures; Thanksgiving Notes from
the Far West; The Blue-gray Gnat-catcher in
Arkansas; Shall We Or ganize; Bird Nesting
in November; Frauds; A Further Contribu-
tion to the Chewink Contr oversy; One Day’s
Tramp; The Nest of the Chestnut-sided War-
bler; The Gulls; The Carolina Parrot; Bar-
tram’ s Sandpiper; The Horned Grebe;
World’s Fair Notes. This number also con-
tains a 4-page inset of Nuttall’s Ornithology.
Dec. 91.

VOLUME Ix.

No. 75.—Bird Nesting in North-west Canada;
Two Birds of W estern Kansas; Ornitholo-
gists Association; Western New Yor k Natur-
alists Association; The Blue Grosbeak;
Maryland Yellow-throat; Chewink; The
Bronzed Grackle; Prizes for Best Articles ;
Are Nesting Cavities Occupied More than
Once; Old Recollections; Summer Tanager;

wehe Way of the Transgressor is Hard” ;"Our
Birds in Their Haunts. 7 5 short articles, this
No. also contains,a plate in two colors of
Long Lake and Nests of Canvas-back and
Yellow-headed Blackbird. Jan. ’92,

Examine the little rose-colored address label
‘on the wrapper of the OoLoaisr, The number
following name denotes the time When your sub-
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be signifies your subser iption expired June 1820.

39, A

Dec.
68 Ge Ug s a June 1891
74 be oe “ec “e Dec. oe
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92 be co ee 2b ub June 1893

We are desirous of straightening our subscrip-
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OR En

YOUNG OOLOGIST

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Our prices for back Nos. of the YOUNG OOLO-
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BIRD COLES,

An illustrated price-list of Electrotypes of
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c@

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VALUABLE OOLOGISTS.

The following No’s. of the OOLOGIST are of
special value to to every collector:
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Family.”

March, ’89, Directions for making a Bird or
Mamma! Skin.”

Noy., 89, Complete List of N. A. Birds with
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prices of their skins.

Feb., 91, A complete description of the first 62
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licts. Address

| PRANK H. LATTIN,

| Albion, N. Y.
tHE YOUNG NATURALIST’S

J
ar

}
| No. 1 Resurrection Plant, Mex. 29 Alligegor Tooth, Indian River, Fla.
| 2 Card Marine Algica, Biartha’s Vineyard | $0 Crinoid Stem, Cumborland River, Tanp
| & 25 var. Forsign Stamp $1 Curio Sponge, Bahames
4 Bnn Shell, Nesssn, Bahamas 82 Petzifled Wood, Sonoma Co., Calm
33 *Electrio” Stone, Jeff. Co., N. Y.
34 Sand Shark Egg, Atlantic
(ae 35 Flexible Coral (elitea), Tonga Isler
§ Sand Dollar, Casco Bay, Ma. 36 Limpet, Bobamos
\ e Col 37 Bloodytooth Shell, Nessan
ny ‘Tusk Shell, W. I.

58 Foesil Shark Tooth, 8. C,
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40 lative Lodastono, Megnot Cove, Ark.
41 Olive Shell, ees He
42 6 Guinea Peas, Bahamas
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tives of Samoan Islea
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We will cend the ontire Collection by retum muil, each specimen lubel- ORLY 65 CTS

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THE OOLOOIST.

Mr. Howells’ New Work.

The announcement that Mr. Howells will
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calls attention to the process of building up
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tinctly under the eves of the public as in
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Mr. Hale, who is astudent, a fair minded
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ablest critics in the United States.

Finally came the acceptance of the editor-
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D.L. DOWD?’S Heaith Exerciser,
OS f] For Brain-Workers and Sed
: ff, efentary People, Gentlemen,
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THE OOLOGIST.

~NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS,

Contains a concise account of every species of living and fossil Bird at present
known on the Continent north of the boundary line between Mexico and the United
States, including Greenland.

The Fourth Edition, exhibiting the New Nomenclature of the American Ornitholo—
gists’ Union, and including descriptions of additional species, changes,
etc., up to May 1, 1800,
WITH WHICH ARE INCORPORATED

SENERAL ORNITHOLOGY.—An outline of the structure and classification of
of Birds; and

FIELD ORNITHOLOGY.—A manual of collecting, preparing and preservin
Birds. ;

By ELLIOTT COUES, M. A., M. D., Ph. D., Member of the National
Academy of Science, &e.

PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED.

_ Whe three former editions of this Standard Text Book of Ornithology being entirely ont of print,
‘and stili very much in demand, the publishers have spared neither pains nor expense in the prevar-
ation of “THE NEW KEY,” in which the whole subject is carctully lrcught down te date. “Coues’
Key” is too well known as a leading and authoritive treatise to require romark. The weik contains
‘Over 900 pages and is fully indexed with several thousand entries.

> ROYAL OCTAVO, VELLUM $7.50. SAMIEE PAGES FCR STAMP.
FRANK H. LATTIN, : ; : 4 iBION, No Y¥:

OUR SOUTHERN HOWE Scientific American

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ee srrcre Ho.28

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THE OOLOGIST.

QOLOGISTS HANDBOOL,

CONTAINS
86 Fages of Valuable Information.

It gives our regular orice tist of odlogical specimens
and supplies (th: most complete ever sent out by any
dealer). Jt gives tne common and scientific names of
all North Amezican birds, arranged and numbered
according to Ridgeway’s (the Smithsonian) nomencla-
ture of 1881 ; it gives the numbers used in Baird’s
check-list of 1859 and those used in Coue’s of 1883;
it gives the value of the eggs of over 500 species of
North American birds, this fact alone making thé
catalogue invaluable to collectors asa basis of ex-
change, It names the various families into which the
birds of North America are divided, and enumerates
the birds belonging to each family. It gives, approx-
amately, the number of eggs in a clutch of every
American bird. It tells how to prepare specimens for
cabinet, how to pack them for transportation, with
many other useful hints.

We have a few hundred copies of our ’85
Hand-Bock left and will close them out at
only 10cts each.

Frank H. Larrin, Albion, N. Y.

Davie's Nests and Eggs

OF.

NowTH AMERICAN BIRDS,

Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with an
Introduction by]. Parker Norris, and Full
Fage Illustrations of Nests, etc. by
Theodore Jasper, A. M., M.D.,
aud W. Otto Emerson,

This work is descriptive of the Nests and Eggs
of the Land and Water Birds of North America,
which includes all the species known to exist—
those that occur or are indigenous north of the
Southern United States boundary, including
Greenland and the peninsuia of Lower California,

The breeding range of each species is given,
the time of nesting, the exact number of eggs
laid, thelr color and size together with the chief
characteristics of the birds.

The arrangement of the work is according to
fhe new nomenclature ofthe A. O. U. Code and
Cheek List, and the old numbers (Ridgeway’s),
as used in former editions, are placed to ths
right of each species. Throughout the text all
the common names ofthe birds are to be found,
and a COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX Of these is
Given. ;

An invaluable book as an aid for the identifi-
cee of specimens to all those collecting in the

eld.

The work consists of 475 pages and 13 full page
Ulustrations.

Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth, $1.75.

* FRANK H. LATTIN,
Sole Wholesale Agent,

Orleans Co. Albion, N. Y.

Climbing Irons.

(t2s- There ig

,starcely a month
the year but
’ what a pair of
good Climbing
Irons comes handy
Do not let a low price lure
you into purchasing an intor-
ior article. Every time you
use a cheap pair of irons, it is.
well to remember, that the
risk you run is a hundred-
fold greater than with a reli-
able pair. Our irons are the
best made and are manufact-
ured from the best and
strongest material obtainable,
he straps are wide and made
from the very best of leather,
Our climbers are the
easiest, safest and most
durable on the mar-
ket and cannot be
sold at a living profit
for less money by any-
one.

During the past five years we have
sold hundreds of pairs of climbers,
have sent them to neariy every state
and territory in the Union and have yet
to hear of the first dissatisfied purchaser.

From many testimonials, we sclect
the following:

“The climbers that you sent give entire satisfae
tion and are well made in every particular.”
T. V. W.. Austin, Ills.

“Received my climbers all right on the 21st of
last month. Have deferred writing te you till~
had used them. They are as good a spurasT
ever tried and I think I am Safo in saying that if
you buy your spurs of Lattin, you vet cood ones,"

J. P. J., Kelton, Pa.

“All the supplies ordered came duly to hand,ali
O. K. Am more than pleased with them all,
The climping irons are just what I wanted; the
book oi datas is immense and the Naturalists
Guide is well worth the price. 1 wish to compli-
ment you on your method of packing. The goods
that I received could hardly have been better
fixed for transportation. Am more impressed
with your promptness every time I order: and in
future, let me say, ii there is anything in your
lme that I need, you may be sure that I shall
give you thepreference.”

H. C. O., Shelburne Falls, Mass.

Our prices are as follows: Strapped,
ready for use, by express, at purchas.
er’s expense, $2.50, or prepaid to any
part of the United States, $3.25. Climb-
ers without straps by express, $1.50,
prepaid, $2.00.

FRANK H. LATTIN,
ALBION, N. Y¥-

WANTED.—Eggsin sets with data of Osprey,

lulls, and Terns. " Will give eggs and mounted

birds. Writeimmediately. ARTHURSMITH,
34th Ave., Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Raesaie

TO EXCHANGE.—Vol. XXV ‘American
_ Naturalist” (unbound). Will exchange for vol.
XV “Auk” or Vols. X, XI, XII and XIII ‘‘Or-
' nithologist.fand Oologist”. or first-class Birds
. Skins or Eggs, with full data. THADDEUS
SURBER. White'Sulphur Springs. W. V.

TO EXCHANGE.—Good Flobert rifle, 22 cal.,
walnut stock, pistol grip.. For the best offer of
- ‘birds eggs in’séts with data. SAM W. DU
> BOIS, 1804 Broad St., Nashville, Tenn.

(a Fs

TO EXCHANGE.—HEgegs in sets and singles
for climbing-irons or eggs in sets and singles.

FRANK C WILLARD, 510 N.

- Galesburgh, 11.

_ PATR OF ACME club ice-skates, pair Union
_ Hardware roller skates. all clamp, nickle plat-
ed and in fine condition, to exchange for first-
class sets. W. L. MORSE, 6 Onondaga Sav-

ings Bank, Syracuse, N. Y,

HAVE a x5self-roller press. 9 fonts type im
' large cases, border, etc., in good condition to
_ exchange for detective camera with platehold-
ers, Premier or Haweye preferred.
BH. LUEKE, 621 Superior St., Cleveland, Ohio.

§O0 vanteries or stamps $1.00
"AN UNUSUAL OFFER
to OW. RB GRAANY,

_ 8&7 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL.
- Catalogue for stamp.

. BOOKS, magazines and stamps to exchange
for pair climbers or eggs. Also collection of
_ stampsfor sale, A. B. BLAKEMORH, 289 St.
Andrew St., New Orleans, La.

_Qeeccccescceceecccescoccocoooeeoes

HE RIPANS TABULES regulate the stomach,
liver and bowels, purify the blood, are pleas-
ant to take, safe and alwayseffectual. .Areliable
-remedy for Biliousness, Blotches,on the Face,
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' plaints, Foul Breath, Headache, Heartburn, Hives,
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eases, Sour
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1-24 gross 15 cents.’ Sent by mail postage ee
Address THE. RIPANS CHEMIC COMPANY,
P, O. Box'672, New York. . a

Peecccocoaceceoccecoooeoesooecece

Toss 75¢.,

Cherry street,

©660080600850000060000000000000000000

t TYPEWRITERS.

¥ rose he
. WHITESULPHURSPRINGS, W.VA.

_ class Second-hand Instruments at half new —
“prices. “ Unprejudiced advice given on all —
‘makes. Machines sold on monthly payménts. ©

Largest like establishment in the world. Aste

“Any instrument manufactured shipped, privi- —
lege to examine. EXCHANGING A SPECLALTY.

Wholesale prices to dealers. Illustrated Cata-
logues free. oie : : oF

TYPEWRITER
HEADQUARTERS

296 Wabash Ave., Rh
Chicago, Tis.

BARGAINS! BARGAINS! -
I beg leave to quote you prices on the
following First-class Specimens which

are guaranteed to be of the best work-
manship and accompanied with full

data, All sent prepaid at prices
annexed..: : By phe
Mounted Birds. MN ap sol Ah
Sora Rate os Sh Si giieaee
Buft-breasted Sandpiper - 210 —
Am, Sparrow Hawk — — = 1.85°>0"
Scissor-tailed Flyeatcher - 1.25 —
Searlet Tanager.) 22% = 2 sien

Stuffed Mammais; Wild. Cat, Grey
Fox and Deer Heads on Walnut Shields;
and Fine Mats (Heads stuffed. Skin
tanned in best manner and lined with
good felt) AT PRICES NEVER BEFORE,
HEARD OF. eae ES ue

LI will guarantee my prices for Mount-
ang Dried Skins of Birds and Mammals —
to be lower than any other American —
Dealer. — - eh Re

Write for Quotations. Price lists free. .

THADDEUS SURBER, |

Taxidermist, .

THE NEW WEBSTER

A GRAND INVESTMENT

for every Family and School.

£ my A

o “SO

ey a L Ae : :

| x > en oe .

$3 | WEBSTER'S | 93. :
"2 \INTERNATIONAL} 99 z
és \ dictionary / 92

<6 5

a
SUCCESSOR OF THE UNABRIDGED. §
Ten years revising. 100 editors employed.
Critical examination invited. Get the Best.

SOLD BY ALL BOOKSELLERS. |
Pamphlet of specimen pages, engravings and
testimonials sent free by the publishers,
G. & C. MERRIAM & CO., Springfield, Mass.

GE ; Pa ee.

dents:.

00d positions within 30 days from that date.
nnual commencement.

No
;

J. CATON, Pres.

FOR SALE.

le Warbler n-4, La. Water Thrush n-5,-
hinned Hummer n-2, Blue Gray Gnat-
cher n-5, Turkey Vulture 4, Brown-headed.
De 14, thirty fine sets, also 25 singles—
sprey, Gulls, Grouse, Water birds. etc. The
ole must pe sold yight away. Price very low._

Col ectors yale me.
. WILBUR W. JUDD.*
Thomaston, Conn.

ATCHES - JRwWALRY

arties desiring a watch of any movement
ll find it to their advantage to correspond
ith me and obtain my prices, as I know I can
save you $ $ $, by your doing so.
Write for prices upon any movement that
u would like.

ED VAN WINKLE,

Or full description see page 207, Oct.
OOLOGIST.) _

nit eee a few copies of this valuable
Work left and will send a copy, as long
as the supply lasts, to any address pre-
aid
FOR ONLY Y5 CTS.
3 Address at once

pees code JH PETTIT,

‘Box 2060, New York,

N. Y.

Modern Sioux relies.
C. L. FREEMAN,
Chadron, Neb.

-“Wounded Knee.”
Send tor list.

3b
oO MY ’ 20 all hidden name cards 10c. A
* prize with every pack. Send 2

red stamps for Sample Book. We sell Genuine
Cards, NO TRASH. AGENTS WANTED. -
Ree ‘CURTIS CARD CO., East Carlton, N.Y.

~ Rare California Views.
Enclose stamp for catalogue. Sumple of

Views will be seat upon receipt of 25 cents.
California Art Gallery, Santa Rosa, Cal.

a eas oe an attendance as all other beiniee Cot
‘students who attended last year are now holding good positions. _
llege employs a corps of 40 men, nearly one-half of whom > have formerly | been
“With such.a faculty is it any wonder that its graduates. are sought b
raduates received diplomas at our last graduating exercises; of that numb
Nearly 300 Will receive diplom
Send for Pee or call at the Main office, 90 Be Ven.

VANS HARBOR, DELTA CO., MICH
'EREMDE EIER IM NEST,’ hee

“Tnpran War views from the battlefield of’

- ermy in all Branches of the'a.
agnor Hie Biss :

the interests of the. Shorth
Yearly (12 numbers) only $1.00.

wis

20 words or less are inserted free for he

meee Curios, auaniion: for Ta:
mologests, Botanists and Oolc

A tive ey ournal for live ie

and only unprejudiced Shorthand: publi

“scription of the above Journal in also. me 0
the OoLoaist, including the two’ coupon
Send your SL. 00 at once as the Offer i

FRANK H. LATTIN,
ALBION, N.Y.

FOR SALE.

A large collection of mounted s } cithens,
Bird skins and eggs. ~ a ‘

Willgive my entire attention to the
of Birds,Mammals and Eggs the coming sp
Parties wishing first-class well identifiied.

WT. . SHARLES, :
‘Taxidermist and Collector, me 4

Lime Springs,

The Biggest and Best paper fi
price published, NONE EXCEPTE

THE COLLECTOR,

A large, newsy, original, 16 page month
devoted to stomp collecting, etc., only 15e. Dp
year, if you say that you saw our adverti
ment in the OOLOGIsT. Exchange Notices

ers.

THE COLLECTOR,
New Chester, Adams Co.,

Penn.

BN GURIRIRARA

VOL. IX.

ALBION, N. Y., MAR., 1892.

ny
ace
is) Shier s

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SORSRsecooRcosoeeee <
o
2
oo”
\ a
Pe,
ey
'%
%

om
ty e8a9, ‘
ae ae,
hey %

moe
5Oc. per Year. “y

NO. 38

Exchanges and Wants.

Brief special anncuncements, ‘‘Wants,” ‘‘Fx-
changes” inserted in this department for 25c
per 25 words. Notices over 25 words, cnarged
at the rate of one-half cent per word. No
notice inserted for less than 25c. Notices
which are merely indirect methods of soliciting
cash purchasers cannot be aamitted to these
columns under any circumstances. Terms,
cash with order.

TO EXCHANGE :—25 second-class mounted
birds for good pair Climbing -irons. D.B.
MECOMEY, 164 Mulberry St. Lockport, N. Y.

BOOKS an Natural History, novels, fossis,
minerals, curiosities for desirable shells, bound
books D. A. Revolver. or ‘‘West Coast Shells”’
by Josiah Keep. HOMER SQUYER, Mingus-
ville, Mont.

WANTED.—2d hand copies of either ‘““Coues’
Key” or “‘Ridgway’s Manual” will gtve cash or
exchange. Write stating condition, edition,
and bestterms. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion,
INS D4

WANTED.—One

Barred Plymouth Rock
cockrel and pullet. Also one Golden Duck-
wing Bantam Pullet. Address CHAS. S.
WEEKS, 157 West 13th street New York.

MINERALS, fossils, shells and insects to
exchange for first-class Bird Skins and eggs
With data. Send Lists. H. S. HATHAWAY,
248 Elwood Ave. Providence, R. 1,

TO EXCHANGE a Fine Magic Lantern worth
$3.50, 37 back numbers of the Youth’s Compan-
- ion for best offer of eggs, first-class. Must be
worth over 10 cents in value, each. W. B.
HUTCHINSON, JR., Michigan City Ind.

WILL EXCHANGE.—A first-class set of two
eggs, with data of Bald Hagle for Coues’ Key
late edition or offers. Address, W. H. BELL,
West Point, Va.

WANTED.—A Taxidermist outfit in good
condition, will give cash. second or first eggs.
Address, FRED PORTER, Strong, Me.

EXCHANGE.—Old coins —1860--57-38-33 and
German Pfennig,—Mexican 10—Centavos for
best offer Ist class eggs. W. B. DEYONG, Web-
ster Groves, Mo.

WANTED :—First-class skins, A. O. U., 289b,
292, 293 to 295, 378. 493, 562. 742. Have to ex-
change, glass eyes. books. papers, poultry liter-
ature, including new “Standard.” and afew
high-class White Wyandotte cockerels, NED
HOLLISTER, Delavan, Wis.

SPOT CASH.—For the best offer of ‘‘Coues’’
Key in good condition, 3d or 4th edition; write
sumed ately to WILLARD ELIOT, Tampa,
Florida.

I WOULD LIKE to correspond with all who
are getting up mineral collections by exchange
also Indian Relics and Old Coins. GEO. W.
ATWOOD, Box 111, Hast Concord, N. H.

TO EXCHANGE:—Four hundred different
tobacco tags, a magic lantern, and some sea-
Shells; for issues of United States Postage
Stamps. Address, GUY JOHNSTON, Eagle
Hotel, Grand Rapids, Mich,

TO EXCHANGE:—Strappe6d Climbers,
Davie’s Nest and Eggs (51.25),seventy-five vari-
eties of Central Kentucky eggs (second-class),
drills and blowpipe (nickel) for Camera. HOW-
ARD SALLEH, Lock Box 52, Danville, Ky.

TO EXCHANGE:—Tine sets of Costas and
Black-chinned Hummers with nest, and other
fine sets for sets not in my collection. RALPH
ARNOLD, Pasadena, Cal.

TO EXCHANGE.—Violin and outfit worth $15
for best offer of cash, field glasses, botanical or
oological instruments, &c. GEO. L. PERRY,
Wilmington, Mass.

WOODS, 35 varieties, to exchange for best
offer of eggs, skins, relics. etc. What have you?

' For particulars address E. DWIGHT SAND-

ERSON, 1142 Fourth Ave. Detroit, Mich.

I WILL GIVE 100 mixed foreign Stamps for
every perfect arrow-head with locality or set of
birds eggs with data, sent me. I also have
vols xi and xii of Golden Days to exchange for
first-class skins and eggs. GUS. RAPP, 465
Ninth St. Milwaukee, Wis.

2% DOLLARS WORTH of Stamps and a cam-
era worth 320, for books on American Moths
and Insects, colored plates preferred, or an in-
sect cabinet, also cocoons etc. for others. R.
FROELICH, 1437 Lexington Avenue, New
York.

“R. W. BENDER, Carson. Nev., wishes to
exchange a good lathe and scroll saw in good
condition, for a $1244 set of choice birds eggs in
good condition.”

FOR STAMPS:—Eggs, U. S. Military Dic-
tionary and Gazateer, Records of living U.S.
Army Officers, 2 volumes: Naval Encyclopedia
Governinent Surv2y, Live Questions of the
Day, Indian Sign Language. All official books,
Also a $35 Open-faced, gold-filed Elgin Watch,
in running order and excellent timer. W.
BRIGGS, Paw Paw, 111.

58

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued.

WANTED.—Old copper cents and % cents
and old United States silver coins, have eggs in
sets, mounted birds and skins. Books and In-
dian relics for same. H. W. FLINT, Care Yale
National Bank, New Haven, Conn.

TO EXCHANGE.—New York Ledger for
1891, complete, and Youth’s Companion, com-
plete for 1890 and 91, for best offers of Ist class
egesin sets. CARLETON R. BALL, Little
Rock, Iowa.

WANTED.—A printing press, Small news-
paper press preferred. Will exchange for bird
Skins, banjo, or purchase. All letters answer-
ed. PAUL VANDER BIKE, Lake Mills, Wis.

TO EXCHANGE:—A few hundred more of
my lined trays in exchange for first-class eggs
in sets with data. The last to be had without
cash, E.J. SHAEFER, 338 Second St. New
Orleans, La.

WANTED:—The address of collectors who
can collect animal skins. Send stamp for list
of prices paid, and directions how to prepare.
JAMES P. BABBITT, 10 Hodges Ave. Taunton
Mass.

WANTED,.—Coues’ Key, for which I will give
either ‘“‘Coues’ Bird Life of New England,” or
“Samuel's Northern 'and Eastern Birds,’ and
$4.00 worth of desirable eggs in sets with data.
F. L. FARLEY, St. Thomas, Ont.

TO EXCHANGE .—American Supplement to
Encylopedia Brittannica, 9th edition, vols. 1
and 2 bound in leather, perfectly new, will ex-
change for best offer of books on Ornithology
and Botany, or microscope, also printing press
size 4x6 with type, write for particulars to D.T.
KISSAM, 54 Sterling Place, Brooklyn, N. Y.

WILL EXCHANGE these first-class single
eges with data, A.O.U., Nos. 5-70-77-120-211-221b-
261-300-360-423-443-501 b-507-531-598-631-637-713-725-731
for first-class eggs in full sets with data. Cor-
respondence desired with Southern and West-
ern collectors to exchange sets the coming sea-
son. Send lists. All letters answered. WAL-
TON MITCHELL, 534 Summit Avenue, St.
Paul, Minn.

2,000 varieties of rare postage stamps to ex-
change, in any quantity, for first-class eggs in
sets with data complete. Scott’s catalogue and
Lattin’s prices aS a basis. Send list of eggs
Stating about what is wanted in stamps and I
will send list in return. H.C. HIGGINS, Cin-
cinnatus, N. Y.

I will give specimens of any kind, advertis-
ing space in the OOLOGIST7, and for extra good
offers anything I offer for sale or possibly CASH
for first-class Indian Relics, or for new or 2d
hand books in Natural History, in good con-
dition, ormithology or oology preferred— a set
of tho “‘Natural History of New York” and
copies of ‘‘Coues’ Key” especially desired.
FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N, Y.

ENCYCLOPED't*A OF OBSTETRIEE con-
taining one hundred and thirty-three illustra-
tions. with eighty-four colored plates, repres-
enting difficult operations ete. Value $25.
Will exchange for best offer of medical books.
Gray’s Anatomy, Park’s. Hygiene. Martin’s
Human Body. good books on Materia Medica,
Practice of Medicine, Surgery or Gnyzecology,.
prefered. F. D. SNYDER, 33 Ann St. Ann
Arbor, Mich.

THE OOLOGIST.

Several parties desire to
Pigeons, Live Squirrels and other pet stock, if
you have any for sale, why do you not adver-
tise in the OOLOGIST?

EXCHANGE.—I will give 8 Dukes cigarette:
albums for the best offer of first-class birds.
eges with data. Allletters answered.

W. ELBERT FARRIOR, Charlotte, N. C.

TWO GOOD revolvers to exchange for best
offer of first-class collecting gun, Coues’ Key or
Ridgeway’s Manual. EDWARD WALL, Box
473. San Bernardino, California.

NOTICE.—I have a large collection of eggs,
mostly in sets, that I will exchange for guns,
revolvers, musical instruments and anything
desirable. N. P. BRADT. Hindsburgh, N. Y.

TO EXCHANGE.—Sixty numbers of “Once
a Week,” thirty Once a Week Library Books,
Sixty numbers of Scientific American, Buffalo.
Horns, Fragments Indian Pottery and singles.
of eggs, for eggs in sets, Minerals and fossils.
All letters answered. H. A. SHAW, Grand
Forks, N. D.

TO EXCHANGE.—Revolver, telescope, In-
dian clubs and dumb bells, for first-class
mounted birds. EVERETT E. JOHNSON,
No. 55 College St., Lewiston, Maine.

TO EXCHANGE.—Small printing press type.
and magic lantern, both worth $3 for best offer
of eggs. CLARENCE E. SIMPSON, Sherman,
Chautauqua Co., N. Y.

TO EXCHANGE.—First-class rare sets for a.
first-class revolver. H. C. CAMPBELL, Lan-
singburgh, N. Y.

EXCHANGE.—Grandfather’s clock, stuffed
birds and Chicago Air Rifle, for Books on Orni-
thology, Oology. Geology or Safety Bicycle.
S. O, BRUSH, Milton, Vt.

One Mounted specimen of the Whistling
Swan for the best offers of first-class single
eggs. D. J. BULLOCK, Marshaltown, Iowa.

EGGS WANTED !—In exchange for 1 pair
$4 Speed Skates, brand new, a 1 condition; 14m.
Youth’s Companion 785 to °87; 183 No. Golden
pave 87 to '90. GLENN LEVINGS, Potdsam,

a ko

TO EXCHANGE.—First-class eggs, sets or
singles, for-first-class bird skins, egg or taxider-
mist’s tools. All letters answered. FRANK
C. SHEPHERD, Hastings, Minn.

FOR EXCHANGE.—A nice flobert rifle. 32
cal., nearly new; and single eggs A. O. U. No. 4,
221, 418, 475, 497. 605, 768,: also a few sets for 1st
class sets. ALMON E KIBBHE, Mayville, N. Y.

TO EXCHANGE.— Eggs in sets or singles for
back Nos. of the OOLOGIST also eggs in sets
With data. HAWLEY HALL, Lewisville, Ind.

TO EXCHANGE.—Rare single eggs, for com-
mon in sets. Also a Vol. of Golden Days (vol.
XII), foreges and skins. And a Winchester
repeating rifle (22 cal. short), for a collecting
gun and outfit. Send for list and description
of my articles. E. W. MERGLER, 1386 Mul-
berry St., Buffalo, N. Y.

EXCHANGE NOTICE.—I have ist class
birds eggs in sets and singles, with datas, to
exchange for same. ERNEST MARCEHAN,
38 Jones St. Dubuque, Iowa.

purchase Fancy

Ce ee a a eS

ee

ME ae a ae Bee ee

t
7
d
5

STi a a RS Re Nl aa a ey

THE OOLOGIST. 59

AN EASTER OFFER

We quote the following Liberal Offers until May Ist,
ON KRGGS OB THH POLLOWING SPHRCIAKS.
Orders of 50c or over sent prepaid, uuder that amount 5c must be added for postage and packing.

For wee you can select Kggs to the amount of Ae 50
be oO oe be

3.50
9 3.00 66 6 be 3 6. (eye)
6 5.00 be oi “e ayeeatt 11.25
Ge 10.00 6 6 be ee 25.00
3 25.00 ee es ot ee 75.00

This offer will hold good until May 1st and is positively the only chance to ob-
tain eggs at so low a rate of us during 1892.

All specimens will be carefully packed i in strong tin or wooden boxes and sent
at purchaser’s rlsk by mail, or at our risk and purchaser’ S expense by express.

SECOND-CLASS SPECIMENS can be furnished of most of the species at one-
half the price of a first-class one. Parties ordering second-class Eggs must name
a list of extra Eggs to be used as substitutes.

SETS. We can furnish sets of species preceeded by * or t.

A POINTER.—Collectors well know how readily they can exchange some
cheap egg, not found in their locality with local collectors for specimens worth
many times as much. Many wide-awake collectors will doubtless lay in a large
supply for this purpose.

I might also add that if your collections are in need of any species included in
offer, an opportunity to purchase at so low a rate may never occur again.

Holboell’s Grebe................. B50): WAKO ER EXONS pees soccecnooda sacs Ph) 7 ABOLOS\ aul ge eeeeereecsosenssece 10
stormed (Grebe wee 2.22 30 Baldpate .....-.. *Florida Bob-white............ 15
American Hared Grebe... 25 European Teal P *Texan Bob-white............ 10
iered-pilled Grebe......4........ 10 *Blue-winged Teal............. 25 *Chestnut-bellied Scaled
phertbed) Puttin: 2b... DO Maissin Ov Chl er: ee tao eee eee 40 Partridge.. STS i ()
“SUE (yaa ee i ee ee 20) "hg eile ors hl) aaa ae eee a Aa UNG 40 California Partridge - ESA 10.
EOAssImIS -AWKIEb.:. 12: 300 Barrow’s Golden-eye........100 Valley Partridge... 20
BVI Ces. io. ees eee CO lar equine kets ..125 *Gambel’s Partridge esha 25.
*California Murre............. 2 American Hider........ ee COM mS EVULO CG LOUSe sees eens 15.
*Razor-billed Auk............. 20 American Scoter....... 200 Willow Ptarmigan....__...... 1 00
Parasitic Jaeger...._....-....... (30) QaUOW ON? IDO aoa sce ceceSecesc0 50 «6Rock Ptarmigan... 1 00.
Long-tailed Jaeger............ 125 Whooping Swan ue oe 1 0) leiveninsye) Jelerale oo pieces 20)
laieous: Gull 22s. 83 Whistling Swan.......... .. 250 Sharp-tailed Grouse... 5
Heeland Gulls -......-. ... 150 American Flamingo. ........ 100 Sage Grouse.. Fo EO EEE
*Herring Gull 20 *American Bittern ......_._ .. As 2 aren VAL Clipe UTS Via peas 15
*American Berane Cull 20m esWeast Bitheries = seeeee 20 *Chachalaca. Bee eur it (5.0)
Ring-billed Gull... PO mec Gear Le mre iO les ss==ae 25 *Red-billed Pigeon.. Vas eae 2 00.
Poa mime Gull 20) fSaVonwAy ISSO = ee Seco aee 15 *Mourning Dove. cee 03
*Pranklin’s Gull ............... (Deed dish one tener . 40 *White-winged Dove......... 30,
WAsplaMMerm: - 2... 50 Louisiana Heron ............ 2.1) GRoyahaVel IDYONYEY Sebo se esee sec 25.
Royal Tern ...... 40) paittle Blue ilerone=2 255 WO, “UNDORY, IDXON/Oreesneeee es sees SeaeolO
Cabot’s Tern....... seem, LO) SEACH SaaS WenOpM 10, Dunkey Vulture. _- 73
Forster's Tern... .. 15 *Black-crowned Night Her- *Black Vulture .... Bese oaelh 9 Ua)
Common Tern 15 OUP e Aer COM aren a Ds 10 *Mississippi Kite.) 0Kon
SNC ULC MeN) 2 cl 15 Yeilow-crowned Night Her- Marsh Hawk. ... mee EA
Hmoseabe erm 0-30! 10 (Oy olesee turn tee aay rR 25 Sharp-shinned Hawk........ 1 00.
BOOUVERODM 2 a Gi). Albahonolkanay oe 125 *Cooper’s) Hawk.-..--. 30
Bpmcled Merny: 1.0... WO). Vesaaver erent Se POR Elam Si etalwilss we woes eeu see 1
“IBLE Cle) A Desa aman a I Wabefsamamieh dain es oe ke 20 *Red-tailed Hawk............ 50
STAG GLIN ee SU ree ents (ORIPES ODA enh UAd ses alao eae 10 *Western Red-tail......... 75
*Black Skimmer................ 12 *Florida Gallinule._........... 12 *Red-shouldered Hawk.... 50
Peat ee is *American Coot................. 10 Red-bellied Hawk............ - 100
Manx Shearwater.............. 100 Red Phalarope. -. 100 Swainson’s Hawk......... 7.
*Audubon’s Shearwater... 200 Northern Phalar ope.. eee 50 *Broad-winged Hawk....... 1 25
Mormorant. 90. ee. 50 American Avocet.. Bryne Oke ae OUT CesT an wale 22 3 00
*Double-crested Cormo- European Woodcook......... Teste INCU aN PS a AU er er 50,
TBO 2410 ea ees Na 35 American Woodcock......... 12 *American Sparrow Hawk 25
Florida Cormorant... =u pe AD ona shady eawee eee Te ees . ob *American Osprey....-..:- 50
*Brandt’s Cormorant......... 50 Black-tailed Godwit.:........ 50 *American Barn Owl...... 30
Baird’s Cormorant............ 50 *Bartramian Sandpiper.. 40 *American Tene;eate ed
American White Pelican... 50 “*Spotted Sangeiper. HE es 5.» sells Owl . Maa 35
Bisrowm Pelican.............2:... 25 Curlew. =) ee Short-eaned Owl.) ... 200) 1 25
BIE TOUNGOT: ea 100 Whimbrel...... i SN 40 Barred Owl.. pvrk (00)
WVHA eee et a 20 *Golden Plover.................. 40 Florida Barred Owl... 1 00
BCL IC ose 40 *Killdeer.. C0 sScreechh Owl se . 40

‘cates epee ea ... 40 American ‘Oyster catcher. 60 *Florida Screech Owl......... 50.

60

*Texan Screech Owl......
California Screech Owl.....
*Great Horned Owl..........
Western Horned Owl.....
Jee yigbe Oya ecco eee :
eBurrowing, Owl...-_-..-....--
Groove-billed Ani _...-.........
AROAG UMM ees sae
*Yellow-billed Cucckoo.....
California Cuckoo............
*Black-billed Cuckoo........
*Belted Kingfisher...........
Hairy Woodpecker............
*Downy Woodpecker,

pas ‘cockaded Woodpeck-— ;

Pileated Woodpecker ........
*Red-headed Woodpecker.
Lewis’ Woodpecker..........
*Red-bellied Woodpecker..
*Golden-fronted ‘W ood-
pecker... Spel oe a
*Picker_. ete
Red-shafted Flicker.......
Chuck-will’s-widow..........-.
Whip-poor-will ........ ......
SING Ouinity hala wake eee ee ene eee
*Western Nighthawk.
*Chimney Somes mans
*Ruby-throated Humming-
joubetel Sos dee popes OO000G
*Costa’s Humimingpird....
*Anna’s Hummingbird __..
Scissor-tailed Flycatcher.
Kingbird . ED
Gray King pir d.
Arkansas ‘Kingbird ...
Cassin’s Kingbird
Ash-throated Flycatcher...
*Crested pcatcher os,
Phoebe.. Buster
*Say’s Cts eee
Black se hohe sae
*Wood Pewee.
“Western Wood ‘Pewee.
Western Flycatcher..
Acadian Flycatcher ...........
ithe Mivcatcherse ss
Traill’s F'lycatcher .
Least Flycatcher. . thie
*Prairie Horned Lark. Be
Desert Horned Lark......
Quddy Horned Lark .........
*American Magpie . a6
*Yellow-billed Magpie Patty
Tew wey elnide ens ae se ie eyes ce
RoridavSlue Jayen oss
MEMO VAG ape anys eee nee ee 4
*California Jay ........--..
Northern Raven _........_... .
“American Crow.
Ikon eh (CikOM;omocoascoccdes
Northwest Crow ...........
AISHE CLO Wire ws core eee
Starling....
IBODOMM Key ersss is wih oss can ew ae
Cowbird . Reatard
Dwarf Cow pir ce
*Yellow-headed Blackbird
*Red-winged Blackbird..
Bi-coloied Blackbird......
Tri-colored blackbird ____...
Meadow ese eee
*Western Meadowlark ......
*Hooded Oriole:.............
EOnchandiOriOleseny cele
Baltimore Oriole .:..........
“Yeiullko els) Ornols coadiAgosde
*Brewer’s Blackbird ......
Purple Gracklep ee eae
*Bronzed Grackle.........
Purple Finch . See
“House Finch. Shit hvasaets
TRASaROLONU NY ee EE esas aopos

THE OOLOGIST.

*American Goldfinch......
*Arkansas Goldfinch ......
*Lawrence’s Goldfinch.. .
Snowflake Been p

. *Grass Finch _

Western Vesper Sparrow.
Savanna Sparrow - ‘
Yellow-winged Sparrow..
Western Yellow- ‘Winged
Sparrow .. ena!
Sharp-tailed Sparror own.
Seaside Sparrow ..
Lark Sparrow..
Western Lark Sparrow...
*Gambel’s Sparrow.....-...
White-throated Sparrow...
Chipping Sparrow ........
Western Chipping Spar-
TRON EN opanaEepooaatad
Field Sparrow.. te
*Slate-colored Ji HAeO,O
Black-throated Sparrow..
7SONg Sparrows saceeceey
*Desert Song Sparrow..
*Heerman’s Song Spar-
row
Samuel's ‘Song ‘Sparrow...
Swamp Sparrow .....-...
*Towhee . ENON ee
*Spurred Towhee ........
Oregon Towhee.. a
“Califor nian Towhee .....
Cardinal . :
*Texan Cardinal.. ........
*Rose-breasted Gr osbeak...
*Black- headed Grosbeak...
*Blue Grosbeak.. y
*Indigo Bunting. eu
Lazuli Bunting Nero ai eRes
*Painted Bunting ........_
Grassquit... aN
«Black-throated Bunting.
sibel Isybuaybakern sooo Goons
*Scarlet Tanager,..........
*Summer Tanager
*Purple Martin....
Cita Si wiallONV eee seen
Barn Swallow............-..
MRSS) SHWE WO\egcoada conode.
Bank Swallow.. Pan eee
Rough-winged Swallow...
Cedar Waxwing 2 3 ES biel
*Phainopepla.. Saisie
*Loggerhead Shr ike aD HS
White-rumped Shrike......
California Shrike.........
RAO ASOL WANREYO) es
*Warbling Vireo.. a
*Y ellow- “thr oated Vireo.
*W hite-eyed Vireo........
ABN) WAORSO) sg dgobo sconce sae
*Prothonotary Warbler...
Golden-winged Warbler...
Nashville Warbler ............
Parula Warblers...) ss.
Yellow-Warbler.....2. 0...
Black-throated Blue War-
JOU Key ses sean ee SERIE CES Se ye
Magnolia Warbler . B
*Chestnut-sided War bler..
Black-poll Warbler..
Black-throated
Warbler... ae
"Prarie Warbler...
Oven{binde sea nuaeee
Louisiana Water-thrush..
*Maryland Yellow-throat. .
Western Yellow-throat.._
*Yellow-breasted Chat ....
Long-tailed Chat..........

Green

American Dipper..........
Moro ab aves WiRolE Gye Vs conna seu
S Calbia ee yee

*Brown Thrasher ......... 03
*Texas Thrasher . 30
*Curved-billed Thrasher. . 25
*CachusiWitens.. coe eenee 12
*Carolina Wiren....-, 2.) lo
*Bewick’s Wren........ feiece OO)
Wig Orsi Wien eee te meee 25
Baird's) | Wireneeeaee eee 25
SHOUSe WiLener he reneeerre 06
Western House Wren........ 06
*Long-billed Marsh Wren 06
Tule Wren . 15

*White- preasted Nuthatch 30
*Brown-headed Nuthatch. 35

Tufted Titmouse . ee 35
Blain Titmouse ye.-0242 2 ew,
tChickadee 2 eee 12
~Carolina Chickadee...... 15
{Californian Bush-tit.....: 15
AVEIAOWNOL Sec ooedadsooo oSaooS 50
Blue-gray Gunatcatcher..._.. 20
Western Gnatcatcher ...._ 0)
IWiood Mhrush skeet
DWalSon?s Eh hru Sil eeeeeee 15
tRusset-backed Thrush... 15
+Olive-backed Thrush..... 40
sdaleraaonns INOAOISIO son Le tO
~AmMerican RODIN: oa. Oe
eR\Whestergal IAXOIOMM Soot acaoan 15
Red- -spotted Blue-throat.. 60
Bluebird . 2 02
Western Bluebird.. ae INS)
Mountain Bluebird.. dognacce 15
English Sparrow.. poo. Wht
Eur opean Tree Sparrow.. 15
+Yellow-biiled Tropic
Bird ssc aes ees 2 00
{Man-’o-war Bird.. Bom 0,0)
Ganvas-back.. Bape nL 25)
¢Wilson’s Phalarope.. pqa0e - 12d
Mountain Plover.. ale
Canadian Ruffed Grouse. 50
Whith-crowned Pigeon.. » 200
Fla. Red-shouldered Hawk 1 50

Western Bobolink.......... 50
Bronzed Cowbird........-- 60
}¢Chestnut-collared Long-
spur. E> See IGE
+MeCown’ Ss Longspur rep a

FOREIGN HGGS.
Ostrich (25c xtra if prep’d.) 2 e

Barbary Partridge........

Chuckar Partridge........ =
Black-headed Guill........ 25
Ruddy Sheldrake...... teed 35
Inghavex CMOS Gaoasasocen Gocco. =
S Ong hu Sheree ee ae
Blaclcoin deena eee 10
Egyptian Goose .............. 100
Egyptian Vulture ......... 3 00
Bul-bul . 50

Black- héaded | Weaverbird 50
Sun Bird.. Bcos . 100

MISCELLANEOUS.

+Gopher... Raa a GS
Py thoness eee ene . 200
Skate . Saea ona coon aoc 05
Sharla BSongc
Hammerhead Shark....... 20
Fossil Fish Eggs, per doz. 10
Ege Case of Periwinkle . 25

Htimingpird Nests each
By, 25, 35 and 50c ac-
cording to condition
and beauty.

i)
NO

I HY
hie

UU)
ai

Y}
t i | a
Pi

} GaRHART-ENG

A Pair of Screech Owls (Megascops asio) at Home. i

THE OOLOGIST.

VOL. IX.

ZOOTOMY.

THE DOMESTIC PIGEON.

| Continued from February Number. |

Cut open the proventriculus, on
inner side, with the aid of lens
make out openings of gastric gland
bisect the gizzard as shown in cut VI, ;*
notice thick muscular walls; why so?
its horney epithelial lining; use lens;
notice contents of gizzard; the tube
leading to, much larger then tube lead-
ing from: is this difference in size of
‘any use to birds? Cut out small sect-
ion of duodenum, open out by a longi-
tudinal slit, and after very carefully
‘cleaning under water examine with
lens before removing from clean water;
notite villi; examine different parts of
intestine; now look for the spleen, an
oval body near the proventriculus; can
‘you find a duct leading from it? when
you have opportunity, examine the di-
gestive aparatus of worm and insect
eating birds; fish-eating birds and same
in small mammals; now turn your at-
tention to the heart; its surrounding
membrane, the pericardiwm,; (should a
blood vessel be cut its ends must be
vat once ligatured to prevent escape of
blood, as blood tubes are more easily
traced when gorged with blood.) VDis-
tinguish between the arteries and veins
by the difference in their walls;trace the
arteries to head and the return veins;
the large veins from kidneys; the large
tubes to and from lungs; why so much
blood to lungs and kidneys? notice the
peculiar ‘joining” of jugular veins at
anterior parts (anastomosts); tie the
large tubes some distance from heart,
cut one (or more if necessary) of the

*For cuts referred too, see plate in February
OOLOGIST.

ALBION, N. Y., MAR., 1892.

NO, 8

large veins insert blow-pipe and inflate
the heart; the lower pointed part con,
tains the ventricles; the upper part the
auricles remove the heart not cut-
ting the vessels too close to it, care-
fully dissect away any fat that may ad-
here to heart; bisect the heart; wash out
the blood the left ventricle constituting
the greater part of heart and extending
into the apex ; the right ventricle much
smaller, the rightawricle, left auriclo;
which division of the heart has the
heaviest walls; why? Your note book
and drawing-paper; notice the auricule-
ventricular valves between auricles and
ventricles; any difference between
right and left? The left is the mitral
valve; find valves in tubes proceeding
from ventricles, the semi-lunar valves;
see cut IV, and explanations of same;
make out hew these valves act; the
lungs; inflate; let air out again; note
the branching of trachea before entering
lungs: are the rings of this part like
those before examined! (Cut VIII,)*

Trace the bronchial tubes as far into
lungs as possible; of what use are the
cartilage rings? Look for vocal cords
(membranes) at upper end of trachea.

Carefully remove an: eye by cutting
off the muscles and optic nerve.+

- *Can you findany connections between lungs
and airsacs?

tThe head should be removed and put into
strong alcohol soon after death, to harden the
brain. This will require some time, perhaps
2 or 3 weeks.

tMany dissections are best carried on under
water. This is done by means of a “dissecting
pan,’ which may be made in the following
manner. In the bottom of atin pan (about 10
x5 inches, and 2 or3 inches deep,) pour % inch
of hot bee’s wax. This should be cooled slowly
by putting the pan in hot water and letting it
cool as the water does. It is a good idea to
have drops of solder on the bottom of the pan,
or to have the tinner make a ‘ring’ around the
sides, near bottom,to hold the wax in place, The
specimen may be pinned out on the wax, and it
will be found that the parts will show
much more distinctly under clear water.
Whole animals, such as earth-worms, insects,
frogs, &c.,may be put in, while parts of the
larger ones can be studied in this way.

64

Note shape; optic nerve entering at
back part. The eye must be dissected
and examined under clear water.

With small scissors, divide the eye in-
to an outer and inner hemisphere,
by carefully cutting through the coats;
separate the coats, leaving the humors,
&e., in the outer hemisphere; notice
the interior of the cup-shaped part of
the inner hemisphere, the place of en-
trance of the optic nerve and the blood
vessels. Now make out the three lay-
ers of membrane of eye; the sclerotic
outside, the choroid and the retina, the
delicate membrane on inside of back
part of eye; how far does the sclerotic
coat extend? Its character in different
parts; how far does the retina extend?
The jelly-like substances in the eye are
known as hwmors. ‘The one exposed is
the vitreous hwmor; looking from be-
hind into the outer hemisphere, note the
celiary processes, the dark “‘plaited”
part of the choroid coat; remove this
and notice the crystalline lens; turn the
hemisphere over and look from in front;
notice the transparant continuation of
tho sclerotic coat, the cornea; back of
this the zris, the membrane giving color
to the eye ; in centre of this, the circu-
lar aperture,the pupil; the uid just back
of the cornea is the aqueous humor
remove the crystalline lens; note shape;
what is the effect when placed over a
small object? Put the lens in alcohol
fora few days, then see whether its
humor is arranged in layers like an on-
ion; compare the size of optic nerve
with some others of body,

The opening of ear; the eaternal audt-
tory meatus; the tympanic membrane
stretched across its inner part; remove
this; probe for the opening of the en-
stacian tube in mouth; the bony frame-
‘work of ear will be studied in the pre-
pared skull.

The male urinogenital organs. (see
cut). The testis two white oval bodies of
variable size in the upper, posterior
part of body; the vos deferens, a tube

THE OOLOGIST.

leading frem them downward to the
cloaca; the kidneys, large dark red or-
gans above the testes; notice irregular
shape, lobed. fitting into cavitities in
bone; the wreter, going from each kid-
ney to the cloaca, the large blood tubes
connected with kidneys. The female
urinogenital organs. The ovary, a
number of capsules, each containing an
egg; these very in size; the oviduct go-
ing from ovary to cloaca; can you find
a rudimentary right oviduct ?

The reproductive organs are most
conspicuous in old birds near breeding
time. The brainis best studied after
hardening in strong alcohol. After re-
moving skin and flesh from skull as
cleanly as possible; beginning at the
posterior part, with bone forceps or
knife,remove theskull frombrainbylittle
particles; (great care must be taken in
doing this, asa neat dissection of the
braiu is most desirable.) The large
cerebral lobes separated by deep fissure;
back of these the cerebellwm, notice its
ridges,—gyrt; on each side of cerebel-
lum, the flocculus ; the pineal body on
the dorsal side of brain, in the triangu-
lar opening between cerebral lobe and
cerebellum; (read up on “‘pineal body”
from some good author,) the lobes on
each side, between cerebrum and cere-
bellum are the optic lobes;, note the un-
der side, the peculiar way in which the
optic nerves leaves the lobes; the ol-
Factory lobes connected with the under,
anterior part of cerebrum. Compare
this with other brains, as a rabbit or cat,
fish, frog, snake, or that of man.
Now notice the cranial nerves leaying
the brains. Some parts ol the brain
contain eayities.

These are known as “ventricles.”
How many are in the cerebral lobes?
Are there any in the optic lobes? Find
these. Several other points will be
noticed when making dissections as
shown in the plate accompaning this
article. JNO. SNYDER,

Waterloo, Ind.

SRS Re et ee ee ee eT Te ee ee ee en ee ee

>

ae

Cae See at foe

THE OOLOGIST. 65,

Incessancy of the Yellow Warbler’s Song.

The Yellow Warbler (Dendroica e@s-
tiva) arrives in these parts on the first
day of May, or perhaps a day or two
earlier or later, The first notice we
have of his arrival, is his sprightly little
song which immediately attracts our
attention, and from this time on,
whether from the willows by the brook,
from the depths of the forest, from the
thickets adjacent, from the bushes by
the roadside, or trom the trees of the
dooryard, this song is one of the com-
monest sounds of nature throughout
the summer months. ;

No bird we haye is such an untiring,
persistent, all-the-while singer, as the
Yellow Warbler.

Most birds confine their song princi-
pally to the morning and evening hours,
and if they do not do this entirely, they
surely quiet down at midday, when
scarcely a sound is to be heard, but not
so the Yellow Warbler,—morning, noon
and night, he keeps it up, and the in:
cessancy of his singing has become to
be a matter of remark. Maynacd in
his ‘‘Birds of Eastern North America”’
speaks particularly of the persistency
of the Yellow Warbler’s song, especially
during the breeding period.

But unceasing as is e@stiva’s song, we
wouldn't think much about it until we
began to notice it more closely. They
Say that ‘Facts are stubborn things
and figures don’t lie.” Now I have
compiled some figures in regard to D.
aestiva’s singing that may prove inter-
esting. [I presume that I should have
compiled this article in more scientific
Shape and sent it to the ‘‘4dwk” under
some such title as this: ““Computation of
the Relative Incessaney of the Song of
Dendroica estiva.”| Butthose figures.
Last summer a pair of these birds took
up their abode in my garden, and there
reared their young. During all this
time, the male was constantly gleaning
food among the shrubbery about the

house and garden, and his song was

continually in my ears. All day long,

or nearly so, it would keep up its pleas-

ing tune at the rate of six vocal per-

formances every minute. With the use

of my watch, I found that every ten

seconds, on an average, he would give
utterance to his song, and that just be-

fore the close of every minute, his sixth

song would come, and so six utterances
a minute is his usual rate. Now let us
figure on this. Six songs a minute,

are 360 an hour. Let us say that he

begins to sing at 6 a. m. and sings until
7p.m. This is certainly generous, for

of a summer morning, he begins to

sing as early as 4:30. But granting him

from 6a.m.to7 p. m:, we will next

allow him one hour’s silence for break-
fast and the same time for dinner and
supper, and we will also give him a
generous allowance of an hour’s resting
spell in the middle of the afternoon
(But it is a fact that he sings at all his.
meals, and doesn’t take any rest at all.)
But with these generous allowances,
what is the result? Why, during the,

lapse of one short day he has sung us3,-
240 little songs. They are all the same to
be sure, but none the less pleasing for all
that. 38,240. A wonder he didn’t wear.
his throat out before night, or at least,
sing himself hoarse.

And what does this represent? 3,240,
little outbursts of happiness. 3,240 ex-
pressions of self-content and satisfac-
tion with everything around him, and
3,240 bits of cheer and encouragement
to all who listen.

O, what a lesson for us of the genus
homo to learn. If we would only look
on the bright side of things, and do a
little more singing, and the world
w ould be 8,240 times brighter and hap-
pier.

But I.am drifting. Do you care to
figure estiva’s singing by the week,
with the same charitable allowances?
Then you have 22,680 of his ditties, and.
at the same average rate, he would

66 THE OOLOGIST.

sing us during the month of May (his
happiest time) noless than 100,440 solos.

If we should undertake to pay him »

for these poetical productions, even
though we gave him no better pay than
is rendered for poor spring poetry, viz.
a: “‘penny-a-line,” even then we would
have a bill on our hands at the end of
one short month of $1,004.40.

Had you looked at it in this way be-
fore? Had you really considered what

ahappy, contented little fellow, Den-

droica estiva is? Let us, the next time
-we meet him, ‘take off our hat, and ren-
der obeisance to one who is always so
contented and happy, and with the
rememberance of him in our minds let
us try, in the words of Pope, to ‘look
through Nature up to Nature’s God.”
NEIL FRANKLIN Posson,
Medina, N. Y.
———

Some of Our Thrushes.

The various members of this interest-
ing family of birds, comprising as it
does many of our sweetest singers, are,
most of them, liable to escape the notice
of most casual observers. To the nat-
uralist they prove one of the most inter-
esting families to study. Commencing
with the Wood Thrush, we find him in
this vicinity from about May 1st to
Sept. 1st, when he moves southward
for the winter.

_ As you wander through some small
woods or close to the outskirts, or clear
ings of larger ones, you see a bird, but
little smaller than the robin, rise
from the leaves where he has been
feeding, perch on the limb of a bush or
tree and salute you with a clear ring-
ing whistle, the warning note to his
mate. You are struck first by the
sharp contrast between his nearly pure
white breast and the dark brown, al-
most black, stripes running in nearly
parallel lines the whole length of it. If
you continue to advance he will flit along
before you and soon disappear when

he thinks he has taken you away from
his nest. If he chooses to drop on the
ground among the dead leaves, none
but the sharpest observer will spy him
as the tawney brown of his back har-
monizes well with the dead leaves, in
fact. I believe the color of the thrush is
given him as a protection, asis the case
with many other birds. If you look
sharp around where you find him,
about June lst, you may see what ap-
pears at first to be a robin’s nest, but
which on closer inspection, you find to
contain the mother bird. Now if you
think, that like the robin, she will fly off
as soonas you approach, and “‘raise the
wind,” as thesmall boy, and sometimes
larger one, says, why you are greatly
mistaken. She will let you approach
until you look down on her in many
cases,and sometimes even let you place
yourhand on her. When she does leave
the nest she utters a note so mournful
and low, you instinctively look for some
bird at a distance, but on looking again
you see her perched close by, her eye
sparkling and alert, but uttering again
that plaintive note which seems to en-
treat you to leave her treasures; but
not so with her lord. At the first note
he comes, crest erect, eyes flashing, and
uttering a loud but bell-like whistle. as
he flits aronnd you, now dashing at you
now inspecting his nest, he is the pic-
ture of anger, and as you leave him to
his mate, you still hear his scolding
voice behind you. I could write much
more about this bird but must hasten
on. :
As we advance deeper into some large
wood, we come toa place where it is wet
the greater part of the year, the ground
is covered with ra.k weeds and small
bushes, the soil moist and in some places
muddy, the leaves are mostly rotten
and mosquitoes abound. But listen,
just ahead we hear a low plaintive
whistle, where did it come from ?
Where is the songster ? Soon we hear
it again, this time followed by a low

THE OOLOOIST. 6)

but sweet and full song, coming seem-
ingly from the bosom of the earth. Ad-
vancing cautiously we see a_ slight
rustle ahead, and looking closely we
see a bird hop up on some small bush
or root, which by his coloring we in-
stantly recognize as a near relative of
our late scold, the Wood Thrush, but
look, he is mnch smaller, his breast is
not streaked but spotted and he keeps
close to the ground, we have found the
haunts of Wilson’s Thrush, and he is at
home. The song of Wilson’s Thrush
is, to my mind, the sweetest of all the
true Thrushes, and one of the best, short
songs I have been fortunate to hear. It
cannot compare in strength and yaria-
bility with the songs of the Mocking
bird and Brown Thrasher, nor in sweet-
ness and length with the Canary and
other warblers, but ranks well with the
Purple Fineh and the Grosbeaks. It is
much more subdued than that of the
Wood Thrush, which like the Robin is
too harsh. The nest of Wilson’s Thrush
is usually on or very near the ground,
and hard to find. The female is apt to
leave the nest and skulk off on the
ground leaving it to the tender (or oth-
erwise) mercies of the intruder, when
both birds will be heard calling to each
other in a mournful voice. But the
male makes no such demonstrations as
the Wood Thrush. Leaving them and
their nests which is usually so water-
soaked you wonder how the young birds
ever live the first day, even. We arrive
again on higher ground and find an old
clearing on the edye of the woods once
all cut off, but, now grown up to small
trees,,briers and weeds. Under these
small trees it is always dark in the sum-
mer, and here we find our third Thrush
very rare as far south as this, never
seen in summer below New York and
New England states, becoming common
from Maine, northward. It is the Her-
mit Thrush, the shyest and stillest of
them all. He looks much like Wilson’s
Thrush, but his tailis redder, showing

different from rest of back at a glance.
He is rarely seen far from the ground,
being continually skulking under the
brush and weeds, hunting the worms
and insects it feeds on. Its song is
short and low and resembles the song
of Wilson’s in tone, its warning note be-
ing almost exactly alike. The bird is
so extremely shy itis very seldom seen
except in the breeding season.

The nest is a ball of dry, dead, leaves,
with a hole in the upper side, placed,
usually close to the ground against anold
stump or in the sprouts growing around
the bottom of some tree. The bird sits
closer than Wilson’s but when she gets
off the nest she disappears remarkably
quick no matter how close you watch
her, but go a little to one side and keep
perfectly still and you will soon hear
her plaintive note as she fits along to-
ward the nest, keeping close watch for
you, and if you move behold where is
your bird?) Suddenly disappeared, but
if you keep perfectly still she will be
seen to go tothe nest and settle down
again, if the nest is not molested, oth-
erwise she will leave and you will see
her no more in that spot. The male
shows very rarely and then it is usually
only a glimpse.

IT could tell you more much about these
and other species of this family but must
give some of my colleagues a chance.
Thanking you for your kind attention I
will close, hoping what I have said was
interesting to a few at least.

Read by Prestdeut HE. H. Short before
the W. N. Y. Naturalist Association at
the meeting held February 3d at Roch-

Nesternne Nee

=

The Specimens I Didn’t Get.

The fisherman tells us regretfully of
the biggest trout of all, which refused
to take the hook, and the hunter insists
that it was when he aimed at the finest
deer of the herd that the cartridge miss-
ed fire; and it isin a similar vein that I
write to-day.

68 THE OOLOGIST.

It is late in July, 1877, and I am
among the New Hampshire hills. about
25 miles north of Mt. Washington; there
are still some nests to be found, for
along the river banks the Cedarbirds
are nesting in little colonies amorg the
alders and the Goldfinches are at home
in the small growth of the pastures and
roadsides. A certain hill-side pasture
is of interest, for two or three pairs of
Winter Wrens live there, and to find
their abode is my ambition, but in vain,
for when by their excited movements in
some pile of stumps and logs Iam led to
believe that their nest is ‘just around
the corner” and commence to explore,
they flit to the next pile and go through
the same performance, and at last we
leave in despair. A few days after, I
received word from my friend that he
had found the wished-for nest with five
eggs, which were left for me to take
myself. The next day we went to the
place, but before we ‘got there the
Wrens met us, protesting most forcibly
against our intrusion.

It is related that a young lady from
Vassar, efter witnessing the efforts of a
steam fire engine to drown out a fire,
turned to her escort and remarked,
‘who would have thought that so dim-
inutive an apparatus could have contain-
ed so much water?’ And any one who
has met an excited Wren must have
wondered that so diminutive a bird
could contain so much indignation.

However, we ventured to the nest
and peeped in, and to our disgust saw a
most promising family of five young
Wrens. But it was something to be
able to say we had seen a Winter Wren’s
nest. The location was on the edge of
ameadow, where it began to relapse in-
to its original state of spruce swamp,
and the nest was built ina hole in an
old stump, entered from the top, and
so entirely open to the sky. No at-
tempt was made to cover the nest, as
the opening was just large enongh for
the birds to pass in.

One evening my uncle asked, ‘do
you know any bird that nests in the
winter?’’ and then explained by saying
that early in the preceding March a
party of wood-choppers from the vil-
lage were at work in a birch forest on
a range of hills just west of the Con-
necticut river, when to their surprise
they found in one of the trees a nest
containing eggs, and on examination
they found several others in the vicini-
ty. They brought the eggs to the village
and exhibited them, but no one took suffi-
cient interest iu them to preserve them.
At last I found a boy who had blown one
and kept it, sol made a bargain with
him and he went home for it, only to
return with the pleasing information
that his mother had broken it and
thrown it away, and so I lost the Cross-
bill’s egg. He described it as colored
something like a ‘‘Teeter’s,” (Spotted
Sandpiper’s) egg. I have never seen it
mentioned before that this bird was
social in its breeding habits.

The scene now changes to a Minneso-
ta swamp, some 12 miles west of Min-
neapolis, where in making a survey a
Hawk’s nest was found in a maple tree,
about twenty feet from the ground.
The bird startled from the nest flew but
fifty or sixty feet, and lighting on a
dead limb, faced us with quiet curiosity,
displaying the beautifully and uniquely
marked breast of the Goshawk; but the
tree was large and slippery and all our
efforts to reach the nest failed, and that
set of eggs never reached my cabinet,
The next spring I visited the tree with
climbers, hoping the bird to have re-
turned, but was disappointed.

But I will-not pursue this subject of
“It might have been,” much further,
but to show that such ill luck still pur-
sues me, will say that a friend in ‘‘the
pineries” shot for me about a month
ago, a large specimen of the Great Gray
Owl, but when he came out his pack

was So large that he had to leave it for

the wolves. This specimen was shot in

7

‘.
.

‘while on the water-shed

about latitude 45° 45’, quite a distace

south of its usual range.

: FRANK H. Nutrer,
Minneapolis, Minn.

Notes From Southwestern Ohio.

In the course of my ornithological
studies,I have been particularly interest-
ed in observing the difference of the
abundance and varieties of birds caus-
ed by different locations in the same
neighborhood.

In Clermont Co. the landon each side
of the watershed between the Ohio river
and the East Fork creek,is well drained,
and the woodland is comparatively dry;
the land is
quite wet, and has, in consequence,
been left uncleared, to a great extent.
In the dry woods on the hills, are found
commonly,the Yellow-breasted Chat,the
Chewink, and the Brown Thrasher and
Black and Yellow-billed Cuckoos. In
other woods not over amile distant,
these species are rarely seen and Wood
Thrushes, Oven-birds, Acadian Fly-
catchers and Tanagers make up the
most of the feathered population.

In these wet woods, which, during
fall, winter and spring, are covered
with a few inches of water, the Wood
Thrush is, in summer, by far the most

- abundant species. Early in May, when

the woods are in new leaf, the woods
fairly ring with the bell-like notes of
these birds,the combined efforts making
agrand concert, in which the Oven-
birds and Acadian Fly-catchers took a
part.

From the first of May, fresh eggs may
be found, but they are most abundant
during the second and third weeks.
The nest is commonly placed eight or
ten feet upon a horizontal limb, some-
times in a fork of asapling,and have an
iuternal wall of mud, lined with shiny,
jet black rootlets. and covered outside
With bleached lace like dead leaves,
which contrast beautifully with the jet

THE OOLOGIST. 69

black interior, especially when the lat-
ter contains the usual number of three
or four blue eggs. Two is sometimes the
complement, and I have seen five, but
the latter number is unusual. One nest
found on May ‘7th, was placed in an up-
right sapling in a narrow fork, so that
the nest was built up toa heighth of 10
inches before it had room enough for
the sitting bird.

The Ovenbird is next in abundance,
Its clearly accented notes are heard in
great abundance early in May and iis
eggs are laid at any time during that
month. The nest, placed under a bushy
dead limb on the ground, resembles
ereatly the nest of the meadow mouse,
Arvicola pennsylvanicus, but is thatched
outside with broad dry leaves of the
white beech.

This bird is more imposed on by the
Cow-bird, than any others that have
fallen under my observation, as the fol-
lowing record shows:

May 6, 1 egg of Ovenbird, 5 of Cowbird.

May 7,3 eggs of Ovenbird 3 of Cowbird,

May 28, 3 eggs of Ovenbird, 3 of Cow-
bird.

May 23,
Cowbird.

The female was sitting, in each nest,
excepting the first, when all eggs were
fresh.

Another abundant resident of these
woodland shades is the Acadian Fly-
catcher. JI cannot say when it arrives,
but it is quite common by the 1st of
May. It is difficult to see, as its plain
colors corresponds well with the dead
lower limbs of trees, on which it loves
to perch. You may be guided to it by
its shrill, ‘‘qzeedle-a-ree, ree,” queedle-a-
ree, ree, ree. whichis almost constantly
uttered; but the bird, as you approach
moves on out of sight.

Its nest, always as I have found, is

no eggs of Ovenbird, 3 of

_ placed ona pendent limb of a white

beech, usually about seven feet from
the ground. One nest was made of
yellow ‘‘tickle-grass,’’ loosely woven,

Uk THE OOLOGIST.

the loose ends left sticking out for eight
inches on each side. There was no
other material used in the nest, which,
on May 29, contained 3 eggs. Other
nests are made more like the Wood
Pewee’s but deeper and with a softer
lining. It may be well to mention here
that, although no Least Flycatchers are
seen here in the breeding season, they
are abundant in August, moving
through the leafy branches, quite un-
like the rest of their brethren who sit
and wait for a job.

All this time they utter a pair of sharp
notes, swick! swick’’? lingering a little
on the first letter. I have heard the
Great Crested Flycatcher frequently in
the spring but have found no nests.

The Maryland Yellow-throat is found
abundantly in the sunny thickets sur-
rounding the woods, loudly singing its
leisurely “yipp-o-whittie,”” “yipowhattie”
in the top of a tree, or in lower notes in
the thicket, where its nest may be found
on the ground,or rather ona platform of
leaves built up six inches high, from the
‘wet soil and built of fine weeds and
coarse grass. It isa rough nest for so
trim a bird.

That the Woodcock breeds in these
dark and gloomy woods, I do not doubt;
but Ihave never found a nest there.
Last spring while crossing a deserted
wood, then grown up in swamp grass,
I flushed a female who flew into the
thicket,carrying a young one in her toes
as she went off. This is a sight one
does not see every day. She lit near by
behind a log. I looked down and at
my feet | saw another bunch of gray
down squated in a hole. I picked him
up and examined him, and then, setting
him down, he spread his long blue-
quilled wings, and standing very high
on his legs, he wandered away after his
mamma, uttering a shrill whistle. AsI
meved, I noticed I had -been standing
upon another, also squatted in a hole,
which saved his life probaby.

Other species found in these woods

during the breeding season, are, the
Summer Tanager, the Scarlet Tanager,
Mourning Dove, and the Blue-winged
Yellow Warbler. The latter is quite
common in the thickets near patches of
swamp grass; and many atime have I
searched the grass tufts for a nest with-
out success. Its only song is a lively
ra-a-y, chee, the first syllable in the ris-
ing, and the second in the falling inflec-
tion.

The owls are represented by the
Great Horned, Screech, and Barred
Owls, named in the order of their
abundance. The Screech Owl take the
lead, however, the county over. A nest
of the Barred Owl, containing a downy
youth a little shorter and broader than
a Sereech Owl, was found on May 9th.
This owl afterwards got into numerous
scrapes.

Birds abundant in migration are
Cerulean Warbler, Redstart, Black-
throated Blue and numerous other
Warblers not yet identified.

The tract of woodland this article des-
eribes contains eighty acres.

FALCo.
Montgomery, O,

> ~~

A Day with the Ducks.

IT think it was about March 10, 1887
that I had an invitation from an uncle
to speud a day down at his ducking
shore with him. I accepted, of course,
and will try to give you a short account
of our trip.

Leaving Baltimore at 7p. m. by the
Philadelphia, Milwaukee & Baltimore
railroad, in about 40 minutes we arrived
at Chase Station where the wagon met
us. After a drive of nearly three miles
we reached the shore, which is on the
Gunpowder River a few miles above
Maryland’s celebrated ducking resort,
and club place, Carroll’s Island.

After a hot supper we set by the fire
smoking and talking until bedtime.

It seemed to me that Ihad only been

THE OOLOGIST. — 71

asleep half an hour, when some one

knocked on the door and said “four
o’clock, breakfast almost ready.’ I
jumped up, and donned my flannel suit
and taking my long rubber boots in my
hand went down to the dining room.

After eating our breakfast we drove
down to the blinds, which were on the
Gunpowder side about half a mile be-
low the house.

In the morning we occupied two box-
es, two menin each box. We remained
in them until 12 o’clock, only killing 20
ducks, all of which were Redheads.
Wesaw one flock of Geese but they
passed up the river just out of range.
By-the-way, did you ever notice how
accurately a bird can guage the range
of a gun?

We found it very cold about this time
and the ducks having ceased flying, at
12:30 we went np to the house for din-
Mer.

Whilst we were eating, one of the
men came up and said the ice had brok-
en and was passing out of Saltpetre
River, where we also had some blinds.
Telling him to put out some decoys, my
uncle and I soon followed him.

We took our places in the blind about
2:30 and 6 o’clock we had 98 Ducks, 97
Redheads and one Baldpate. I don’t
know how many we lost, as the wind
and tide carried some away before the
man or dogs had a chance to get at
them.

The cause of such fine shooting was
that the ducks having been kept from
their feeding ground by ice, crowded
in behind it as soon as it broke loose,
and as they had to pass our decoys on
their way up the river, :a great many
stopped with us.

I well remember one Redhead which
came straight in over the decoys and
blind, close enough to have struck him
With a fishing rod. When he saw us
below him, he used his wings, feet and
tail in his efforts to climb out of our
reach. I think he stopped with us.

By this time it was too dark to shoot,
so shouldering our guns we walked up,
to the house and sent a horsa and cart
down for the game, which made a
pretty good load. I ate duck for about
two weeks after that.

Last year we had very little duck
shooting in the Gunpowder, and still
less so far this year. For some reason
or other the grass which the ducks feed
on, seems to have died out, or been
washed out of our rivers.

Wo. H. FisHEr,
Baltimore, Md.

A Trip Through ‘‘Wa-hoo-Hammock.”’

It has probably fallento the lot of
few persons interested in Natures pro-
ducts to visit the spot in which it was
my good luck to spend three or four
daysin March 1889. ‘‘Wa-hoo Ham-
mock” (‘‘Wa-hoo” is very likely an
abreviation for War-Whoop and Ham-
mock is the name given in the south to
any growth of hard wood trees) is the
place, and is situated in the interior of
Florida.

For miles we traveled through for-
ests of gigantic hickory, oak, and mag-
nolia trees, many of them ten to fifteen
feet in diameter and one hundred and
fifty to two hundred feet high. These,
Tam aware do not rival the great red-
woods, but Ithink,are the the largest to
be found anywhere but in the far west.
There is almost no underbrush and the
great trees grow at distances of twenty
to forty feet apart, and the place is al-
most as dark as night, as the trees hold
their foliage the year around and it is
so thick as to shut out the light. Com-
bining this with the long festoons of
Spanish moss and huge: loops and
swings of wild grape vines recalled to
my mind the stories of my childhood of
“The Giants that Lived in the Great
Forest.”

It is, of course the favorite abode of
owls of all sizes and kinds, and it

72 _ THE OOLOGIST.

makes no difference to them whether it
be day or night. It is the hunters par-
-adise. Bears are few, although several
have been killed there in the last few
years. Deer are more: common, while
wild-eats, raccoons, foxes, oppossums
and squirrels abound in numbers.

The specimens: which ‘I value most,
however, are the skins of three fine
Ivory-billed Woodpeckers. I saw eight
‘of the birds and also saw one of them
leave a hole, high up in a hickory tree
—How I wanted to get up there! But
it was utterly impossible.

As we traveled on, during the third
day the trees became smaller—under-
brush began to appear, and we were
through the hammock, but that day we
came upon a sour orange grove and it
was a beautiful sight, as the trees were
full of the white, wax-like flowers with
the previous crop of golden fruit, which
does not fall still upon the branches.

Leaving this we came to the open
country and at once obtained quantities
of smaller game—rabbits, quail etc.,
and soon came upon a large plantation
the owner of which entertained us with
stories of adventures with wild animals
and with the Seminole Indians who
once inhabitated those parts. These we
took witha grain of salt and next morn-
ing started for home, this time prefer-
ing to go around the hammock instead
of through.

If any of the readers of this ever have
the chance, by all means make the
‘eljoe.

R. B.. WHITEHEAD,
Westfield, N. J.

aa

A True Naturalist.

There are Oologists of many descript-
ions, some collect for the money there
is in it, some to outdo their friends and
again there is the true lover of nature,
who is prying into the secret lockers of
Dame Nature in search of new truths,

and in het pursuit he finds the sium
of Odlogy a great assistance.

I have a very poor opinion ofa man’s
morals who will collect birds eggs for
the money there is in it.

Such a man cannot give us true de-
scriptions of the birds, their habits and
surroundings. His aims are selfish and
sordid. His preceptions are blunted
and the beauties of nature effect him
only in regard to their:market value.
Not so with the enthusiast, the true
lover of nature, Ask him what he sees
in taking long tramps through the
country in rain and snow inthe winter
and in the torrid heat of summer, often
returning empty-handed. Ask him
why he does this, and he will say I
know not, a voice seems to be calling
me away to the forests, I have no
choice but to go. I seem to enter into
a new life. The forests are no longer
lonely, but the birds are singing hymns
of praise, the old oaks are whispering
their seerets to the south wind, and all
nature animate and inanimate seem to
be uniting in praise to its Maker.

Oh! that all naturalists had that finer
preception that they might see into the
secrets of nature. We would be nobler,
truer men, whata bond of brotherhood
there is between naturalists, what con-
fidence they place one in another. f
have often been asked when making an
exchange. What do you know about
that fellow ? Why do you send him
those valuable specimens? What guar-
antee have you that he will return
value for value? I smile and say, that
man is a naturalist, he and I belong to
the same brotherhood. He will not
cheat me, how do I know this? I know
that a man who can read the pages of
the book Nature has laid before him,
gains good habits and good thoughts,
and [know a true naturalist isa true
man.

J have corrosponded with a number
of naturalists for several years. I do not

THE OOLOGIST. 73

know them personally and have ex-
changed only very formal business let-
ters with them, yet I instinctively
trust them and would risk almost any-
thing in their hands.

There are no exceptions to this
rule, a true naturalist is a true man.

But there are some so-called natural-
ists who are not as honest as they might
be. [know this to my sorrow. Any
losses I meet with from such people ‘as
these, I have charged to the account of
experience and come up again with a
smiling face determined not to condem
allmy brethren because there is one
black sheep in the fold. Ihave an old
colored friend who says, ‘‘You jes
temptin Providen’s to trust all them
fellers, you gwine to get lef bad some
of des days.” I think differently and
only hope that the day may come when
all naturalists are honest men.

J., M. F., O.

es
The Crow Around Omaha.
Corvus americanus.

There is probably no city in the
United States where corvus americanus
is so plentiful and tame as they are in
Omaha.

Here they are almost as common as
the English Sparrow or: the tame
Pigeon and show no more fear of man
than the latter two birds.

All through the winter months and es-
pecially when the ground is covered
with snow this handsome and _ intelli-
gent but very mischieveous bird is a
common sight on our side streets’ and
alleys and very often they may be seen
in our dooryards picking up the refuse
from the table. They seem almost ab-
solutely without fear of man, and when
busily engaged in enjoyment of a meal
they can be approached within a very
few yards before they take wing.

This will seem strange to people who
live in eastern states; where thefcrow is
considered the shyest of wild birds.

The farmer’s boy who succeeds in
crawling within gunshot of a crow in
some parts of Indiana, Ohio, and Penn-
sylvania accomplishs a feat, that he may
well be proud of, but here any boy with
a nigger-shooter or flobert rifle can pop
away at them as if they were so many
barn-yard fowls. This domesticity of
of the Crow in this particular region is
a hard nut for Ornithologists to crack.

We do know, however, that they con-
gregate here in countless numbers and
frequent the streets and byways of the
city with the impunity of the Buzzard
in Charleston or Savannah or the com-
mon tame Pigeon of any of the north-
ern cities. They are good scavengers
and deserve rigid protection. In olden
days the Crow wassupposed to be gra -
niverous and was the least beloved of all
our native birds, but in these days of
scientific research and investigation the
Crow like many others is known not to
be nearly as black as he is painted, and
almost everywhere something like a
just sentiment prevails :toward our
Crows.

This was brought about by a thorough
study of the habits and diet of the bird
and instead of being wholly or largely
graniverous, they are almost insectiv-
erous and the amount of insect larvee
they destroy more than counterbalances
their destruction in the grain fields.

This fact alone is sufficient to war-
rant their protection instead of the old
time persecution. Strictly speaking,
the Crow while being an extremely
clean bird is omniverous; he will eat or
attempt to eat a door knob or railroad
spike with the same avidity that would
mark his attack on a sponge cake or
veal cutlet. He is asplendid scavenger
as [said before and picks up and does
away with many a scrap of noxious
offal which otherwise would be left to
taint the air and breed disease.

The Crow is an interesting study at
any or all times, and will repay anyone
who takes the trouble to watch and

4 THE OOLOGIST.

study them. A bird of marvelous in-
telligence and barring his mania for
petty larceny makes a most entertaining
and interesting pet; some authorities
even go so far as to say that he may be
taught to talk, but my experience with
them does not carry that idea out to
any greater extent than to say Ah! Ah!

Crows are very tenacious of life and
there is said to be an old, male in the
London Zoo now about 100 years old.

Just now they are at their thickest
around Omaha and every morning and
evening great flocks can be seen flying
over the city.

In the evening their flight is from the
south or southwest towards Cut-off
Lake where they pass the night and scat-
tering out again at day-break towards
the south and southwest. For years
and years the birds have roosted on the
low willows east and north of Omaha
and when the sable host have congre-
gated in the evening, the] uproar from
the numerous tongues is so loud you
ean not hear yourself think and the
spectacle is a sight of a lifetime.

I could go on like this for a day but
our Friend Lattin has not the room nor
I the time for it.

Isapor A. TROSTLER,
Omaha, Neb.

A Peculiar Bird.

On February second I went
hunting on the Blue River for Birds.
One of the students went along with
me as I was unaequainted with the re-
gion. For two or three miles we scar-
cely saw anything but Snowbirds and
Tree Sparrows. We then came to a
bend in the river which was well grown
up with timber, and herei we found
birds, plenty of specimens if not spec-
ies. A number of specimens were sec-
ured among: which was a Spinus tristis
with a crossed bill. Another was sec-
ured which had a normal bill. The
‘winter plumages being the same. I de-

termined the sex by dissection. The
first was a female the other a male.
The bird is normal in all respects ex-
ceptthe bill. The normal bill has the
commissure almost straight, curving
downward toward the tip; in the cross-

' billed specimens, both mandibles are

curved, the upper a little the more.
The upper mandible is crossed to the
right, which is true of the three or four
Crossbills (Loxia »curviros) that “Tf
have. I wonder if the same bird can
cross them either way? Looked at
from above, it seems that the upper
mandible were merely bent to one side
as the culmen lies in a straight line;

but viewed from the side, the mandibles

coincide past the ramus, but from there
on they cross and curve till the tip of
the upper is .15 of an inch lower than
that of the lower. Has any one else
found a similiar bird?
CLOUD RUTTER,
Doane College, Crete, Neb.

Karly Nesting of the Great Horned Owl.

Thinking that it might be of some
interest to the readers of the Odézo-
Gist to learn of some early finds, Wal-
ter Truitt and myself have decided to
give ashort sketch of our January’s col-
lecting Great Horned Owls eggs.

The twenty-third of January we went
to the woods to seek locations in which
we might expect soon to find nests.
Hawks of various species were noted,
and numerous nests were located.

The sight of an occasional Great
Horned Owl, as it silently left its roost
on some neighboring tree and hurriedly
fled tosome hidden retreat, urged us
on. Finally we noticed one of these
birds fly away from an elm in a manner
which attracted particular attention.
Investigation revealed some feathers
around a cavity in the elm. Curiosity
impelled us to climb up the tree to gain
a closer view. ‘Truitt, who was first to
put on his climbers, began to ascend,

;
t
P
.

THE OOLOGIST. . 5

but had scarcely started up when an
owl flew from the cavity. What was
my surprise when the presence of two
eggs was announced. We took them
and continued our tramp.

On our ‘return a _ second surprise
awaited us, for the eggs were so badly
incubated that we succeeded, only with
great difficulty even after a liberal ap-
plication of caustic potash, in blowing
them. They must have been deposited
before the seventh of the month.

The twenty-seventh we again took
the field and were rewarded with a set
of two eggs, these were perfectly fresh.
The thirtieth, we took two other sets of
two eggs each, one set slightly, the
other badly incubated, one of these sets
was taken from an old Hawk’s nest at
an elevation of sixty-seven feet.

We thus closed one month’s Ctollect-
ing, well satisfied and convinced that
February would furnish still richer
finds.

O. K. WILLIAMSON,
Lawrence, Kas.
><> > + —_

A Trait of the Carolina Wren.

I have seen a good deal written lately
in the O6LOGIsT about the ° Carolina
Wren, but have never seen anything
about what is a distinct characteristic
around here.

I mean their fondness for building in
artificial places such as I will describe.

Two or three years ago I saw a pair
of Wrens carrying building material in-
to a thick evergreen bush, in the yard
of an unoccupied house near’ where I
live. I could not imagine what kind of
a nest they were building as there was
no hollow in the bush. At last my cur-
losity got the better of my discretion
and I went to the bush and parted the
leaves. One of the birds hurriedly flew
out and I saw the nest about half done
inside of an old watering pot.

The birds quit the nest but I had
found out something. I put an old

paint bucket in a hedge near by and
they started to build init. Buta child
meddled with it and they quit that one
too. Thena friend and myself com-
menced to put up tin cans, old coffee
pots, ete., for Wrens, My friend got
about five sets and I got one.

This was the spring and summer of
1890. In 1891 I was more lucky with
my cans. April1l, I got a set of five
from a can stuck between the boards of
a fence by myself. The next three sets,
all of five were in a stump, post and
bank of earth, respectively. On June
17th I got a set of five from a can that
I had put in a thicket. On June 25th I
got a set of four from an old coffee pot
I stuck up in the woods. Andon July
5th I got a set of three from a can that
a non-collecting friend had put up for
me.

IT havea very pretty specimen of a
nest thata boy gave me. It is in a
small round gourd with a hole in one
side, such as are hung up for Martins.
He put it in a hedge in his yard and the
Wrens built in it. ;

All of the nests are made of pretty
much the same materials. Leaves,
grass, roots, pine, straw, moss, lined
with horse hair and roots generally con-
stitute a nest here.

The nest in the post was the deserted
nest of of a Blue Bird, prettily arched
over with green moss.

ALBERT R. HEYWARD, JR.,
Columbia, S.-C.

Visiting a Bald Hagle’s Nest in Virginia.

I see in OdLOGIsST of January, ’92, the
experience and adventures, of some of
our collectors, and thought some of
mine might be of interest to others.

Our Editor warns us not to meddle
with Sparrows, SoI will try to keep
as far out of their way as possi-
ble, and will take up the abode of the
Bald Eagle.

After repeated inquiry I found the lo:

76 THE OOLOGIST.

cation of five nests of this grand bird.
On March 2nd I went to the first and
struck the tree, off jumped the bird,
and flew screaming and whistling
around us. By past experience we
knew this meant eggs. So with
what delight I. buckled on
my climbing aparatus only an experi-
enced collector can tell up I went. The
pine was very large, when about 80 feet
and past the third limb, I struck my
right climber rather high to get the
next limb, when to my not very pleas.
ant surprise, my climber broke square
off.

So here stood our collector 80 feet
from the ground, with only one climber
and about 380 feet more to the nest.
But after a moments deliberation, I de-
cided as there were limbs up to the nest
Iwould get the eggs, reaching that
point ina few moments. I stood with
my face just above the nest, which was
so large that I could not reach the mid-
dle, nor could I see any eggs, and _ be-
- gan to fear I would have my climb and
adventure for my reward. But taking
up a erooked stick I pushed around the
center and to my delight brought out
two beautiful eggs,

The nest was about 6 feet across, flat
on top, and about 5 feet thick. The
cavity in the center was about 12 inches
across, and about 5 deep, lined with
wire grass and corn husk.

After packing our eggs, I started onthe
downward course, At the last limb, 70
feet from the ground, came the tug of
war, but I was in for it and had to go.
Withsome very close hugging I got down
10 feet, to a dead strip of the tree
which went to the ground; lightning

had struck and killed this part many
years ago. In this dead place were
several Pileated Wood-pecker holes, in-
to these I put one foot, and so reached
terra firma in safety, and did not for-
get to feel thankful to the lightning and
Woodpeckers for valuable assistance
rendered.
F. THEO. MILLER,
Kilmarnock, Va.

The Vireos of Connecticut.

These charming little birds take a
prominent place in the summer wood-
land attractions of Southern Connecti-
cut.

The more common is the Red eyed
Vireo, and is to well known to require
much description. Being sober colored
and shy they would not be much notie-
ed were it not for their sweet warbling
song, which may be heard at any time
of the day in the shade trees of the town
or the quiet woodland. The pretty lit-
tle pensile nest is generally hung from
bushes in quiet woods. I onee found a
nest eight feet from the ground directly
over a much traveled road. Tn this
locality four eggs are {more common
than three.

White-eyed Vireo: Of later years
this little bird seems to be growing
more common.: They are the first of
their family to arrive in the spring.
Their queer little song can always be
identified, itis sharp, decisive and to
the point. They commence building
early, and the nest is a work of art. If
is larger and deeper than the Red-eyed;
although the bird is smaller. When
the nest is disturbed they express their
displeasure by scolding in a most fero-
cious manner. The birds seem to pre-
fer bush and serub lots, and the nest is
seldom over four feet from the ground.
Three eggs are the average.

The Yellow-throated Vireo is the hand-
somest and most striking one of the
family. His yellow breast and large
size bringing him more into view. Itis
not a common bird here. For two
seasons a pair of these birds have rear-
ed a brood in a small orchard at the
rear of a house. They grew very bold,
and when any body approached their
tree the female resented it by flying
down and snapping her bill and some
times even striking the heads of the in-
truders. Last season the nest was so

well concealed, that the young were ;

ae ee ae ee ee ae ee

ng ees

hatched before it was discovered. The
eggs are slightly larger and more heay-
ily marked than the Red-eyed.

The Warbling Vireo is not common.
They much resemble the Red-eyed and
the eggs are scarcely distinguishable.
They are a bird of the tree tops and the
nest is placed from 15 to 40 feet from
the ground. *

The Blue-headed , Vireo occurs as a
migrant.

WiLiiAm I. Comstock,
Norwalk, Conn.

>< <> p>—+

The Crossbill in Iowa.

I noticed a short article by W. W.
Searles, on the America Crossbill, in
the January O6LoGIstT, and thought a
few notes on that bird might be of in-
terest to your readers.

My acquaintance with the Crossbiil
began in the fall and winter of 84, I
was then living in DeWitt, in the east-
ern part of this state. In our yard
there ‘were several large evergreen
trees, and in these the Crossbills would
spend a goodly part of each day, as long
as the flock stayed in the vicinity.

The fall of ’84 is as early as I remem-
ber seeing the birds, but each fall and
winter after that, up to ’88, when we
moved from the place, the Crossbills
were regular winter visitors. Some
times they would stay in the vicinity as
long as two weeks, so I managed to see
a good deal of them. Our house was
So situated that a balcony extended to
Within a few feet of the branches of two
large evergreens, and from this place I
have watched the birds for hours at a
time. Cones were very numerous on
these two trees, which made it a favor-
ite resort. :

While feeding the Crossbill is very
intent upon its work, and does not
Seem to care ‘“‘which end up” it is.
They cling to the cones in all manner
of positions, and a person may ap-
proach quite close to a flock without

THE OOLOOIST. OU

startling the birds. The lower branch-
es of these trees were not over five feet
from the ground, and I have often ap-
proached to within easy reach of the
Crossbills, but on the least suspicious
movemenj, the whole flock rises, utter-
ing asharp, peculiar ery of one syllable.
Ordiniarly, when so startled, the flock
settles in the near neighborhood, after
making several circles overhead.

The largest flock I ever saw number-
ed about fifty, the usual number being
twenty-five or thirty, anil in all the
flocks I have seen, I notice that gener-
ally about two-thirds of the birds are
females. Hs

Formerly I thought these birds must
be kept on rather short rations, as the
seeds are so hard to extract from the
cones, but upon examining the stomachs
of several specimens, I found that I
was much mistaken. They were liter-
ally stuffed with seeds. Their peculiar
shaped bill is adapted to this particular
purpose, and when the Crossbill gets to
work in earnest, it makes the chips fly.

After leaving DeWitt, I did not see
the Crossbill until the fall of 90, when
we moved to Hampton. Here I again
renewed my acquaintance with the
bird. JIsaw a small flock in November,
1890, and flocks of about twenty on
Nov. 15th and Dee. 5th, 1891. This
year (92) a flock of about twenty-five has
been in the vicinity, and I have seen
the birds almost every day during the
last week of January and first of Feb-
ruary.

One thing I noticed in the Crossbill
this month, which is new to me. I saw
a flock feeding on ash seeds, ~picking
them from the ground under a tree.
I had supposed their food to consist
entirely of cone seeds.

To conclude with, I will say, the
Crossbill is, in my estimation, a very
model of industry, and one which [
much admire.

FRANK H SHOEMAKER,
Hampton, Iowa.

78 THE OOLOGIST.

Notes From the Virginia Coast.

The following observations on some
of the more characteristic birds of the
Virginia coast arefrom notes taken by
Mr. Elliott B. Coues and myself during
three trips to that locality in the seasons
of 1883-89-90, and are simply the result
of our personal experience which was,
perhaps, somewhat limited.

SEASIDE Fincu, (Ammodramus mart-
twmus.)

This species we found breeding abun-
dantly on all the larger islands and
along the shore, inhabiting the beach
grass and the dryer portion of the
marshes. Their nests varied considera-
bly in- construction some being open
while others were round and domed
like a Marsh Wren’s, all built in the
grass close to, but never touching, the
ground. Inall the eggs which I have
exa mined the ground color is white or
gray and has no greenish tint.

BOAT-TAILED GRAKLE,(Quéscalus ma-
jor.)

Of all the land birds the ‘Jackdaw”
was perhaps the most conspicuous,
their peculiar ery being constantly
heard. They are exceedingly shy, par-
ticularly the old males and we had con-
siderable difficulty in shooting speci-
mens even at the nests. They breed in
colonies, the largest we observed being
on Manckhom Island, in a grove of
scrub pines, the nests being placed near
the tops of the trees and built much
like those of the Purple Grakle but larg-
er. By the middle of May many of these
nests held young of good size while
others contained fresh sets of 2, 3, or 4
eges.

Fis Crow, Corvus ossifragus.

Abundant, much more so than C.
americanus. They breed about a month
later than the latter species, nidifica-
tion being at its height during the third
week in May. They build only in the
taller pines, generally selecting one
elose to the water. On one small islet

nourishing a half dozen low oaks anda ~
lone scrawny pine, dwelt three pairs
of Jackdaws (from which we took three
sets of 4 eggs,) a number of White-bel- —
lied Swallows‘ with a pair of rash and ~
misguided Fish Crows who had located —
a nest most conspicuously in the top of —
aforesaid pine. But their corvine con- ©
fidence was badly misplaced for their
eggs paid the penalty of reckless impu-
dence. We found sets of four and five ©
the latter being the most common.
CLAPPER Ratu, (fallus longtrostris
crepitans.) 4
Exceedingly abundant on all the ©
ynarshes, but the seclusive birds we
seldom observed. The nests were neat- ©
ly built, as a rule placed on the ground ~
with the tall green marsh grass pretti- ~
ly twined and plaited into a bower ©
above the eggs. Many others were
built in the thick beach grass by which —
they are completely concealed, some ~
again being placed on the piles of brok- ~
en reeds thrown on the edge of the
marsh by high winter storms. These
latter nests were entirely open and ex- —
posed, being visible from a considera- ~
ble distance. a
Eggs commonly 10, many sets with ~
less, and one which consisted of 12.
THE TERNS.
Five or six species occurred as fol-—
lows, named in order of their abun
dance: Common,Forste’s, Least,Gull- —
billed and an occasional glimpse of a ~
Royal or Caspian. Though formerly
abundant neither of the last two species
now breed regularly in NorthamptonOo, ~
The Common ferns breed on all the open
beaches making little or no nest, unlike —
the Forster’s which built a compact
nest back in the marshes. Doubtless _
exceptions to this rule occasionally oe
cur, but itis of importance on account
of the impossibility of otherwise identi
fying eges of these species.
The only colony of Gull-bills which
we investigated was on Hog Island,
where the birds were breeding abun

dantly The nests were on the beach
and not nearly so substantial as we had
expected. T'wo eggs the usual number
and no nest held more than three.

The beautiful Least Terns are now
comparatively rare and we found only
a few scattered pairs breeding on the
shelly beaches where once they swarmed
by hundreds.

LAUGHING GULL, (Larus atricilla, )

Abundant on all the marshes. They
collect an immense amount of rubbish
and build in the wetest portion of the
marsh, many nests being actually afloat.
Eggs not laid till June when we took
sets of 2, 3,4, and once 5 eggs, three be-
ing the common number.

BLACK SKIMMER,(Rhychops nigra.)

Breed in immense colonies on the
bare sand bars, laying through the
month of June. Where the birds are
not molested 4 eggs are laid at least as
often as three.

While we collected to some extent on
the mainland, most of our time was
spent with the sea birds, for there is an
exhileration aroused by a tramp on the
beach and marshes among their scream-
ing, shrieking hosts which is never af-
forded by the quiet haunts of the rarer
but much too microscopic Warbler.

THEODORE W. RICHARDS,
Washington, D.C.

> <B> >—_+

An Hour with the Water Birds.

-We stood on the brow of a steep hill
overlooking the beautiful Humber Riv-
er. About the journey there, with all
its little incidents, adventures; and
oblogical finds, little need be said. At

‘any rate here we stood, gazing on the
beautiful picture which lay spread out
before us. About a quarter of a mile in
front of us, was a corresponding bank:
and between the river flowed, bordered
oneach side by extensive lily ponds.
Farther south, we could see, a steep
eliff overhanging the river, with

THE OOLOGIST. 79

its frowning front mirrored in the glassy
waters. Directly opposite, was a
most beautiful spot jutting out into the
river, shaded by several large willows.
The back was protected by a thick
growth of elders. What a delightful
spot it would be for a quiet afternoon
with birds and books!

A dull thundering roar now attracted
our attention, and looking further
down the stream, we saw, suspended
between water-and sky, a railway train
crossing the steeljbridge. Farther out,
the deep blue of Lake Ontario, set with
here and there a glinting white sail,
formed a picturesque and striking back-
ground. ‘This reminded us of our ex-
perience as sailors; moonlight excur-
sions; an, oh dear! of seasickness. Thus
our minds wandered to regions far over
the lake, picnics; excursions, and all the
general pleasures of holiday life. But
here we were, standing in the hot June
sun, with still a large part of our jour-
ney before us.

Down the steep hill we rushed, re-
gardless of the mercilessly hot sun; re-
gardless of the general shaking we
received, nor did we halt until we were
safely esconced behind the upturned
roots of an old pine stump. From _ be-
hind this we shortly afterward appear-
ed in gaily striped bathing ‘suits. Did
ever anybody experience so delightfully
rested a feeling, as we odlogists did; as
thirsty, tired, and hot, we plunged into
the delightfully cool and refreshing
waters of the river. The occupants of
some passing row-boats, stopped to
look curiously at the amphibious creat-
ures, which rolled and tumbled in mid-
stream; and no doubt wished that they
themselves were in the same positon of
ease and comfort.

In the delight of our swim we had
for a moment forgotten the enthusiasm
we had for our favorite pursuit; but
only fora moment. Soon we reached
the other side, and dove into the rushes
amid the ceaseless ‘clatter of Marsh

80 THE OOLOGIST.

Wrens. If they madea fuss when we
entered the reeds, the noise they made
when we attacked their nests was inde-

scribable. We were however rather
early for eggs, and only two sets were
secured, Round and round among

those rushes we waded, waist deep in
mud and water, and with only wet
clothes on our backs; but that did
not dampen our enthusiasm, much as it
did our skin. Suddenly from in front
of me there arose a little apparition in
yellow, and with
stooped head, a Least Bittern skimmed
over the tops of the rushes for a few
yards, and dropped. It however im-
mediately returned, not by the over-
land route, but through the rushes, to
find out the fate of its nest and eggs.
So sudden was the rise that I stood
motionless staring at the bird; buta
moment after [was stooping over my
first set of Botaurus exiles. Five dirty
bluish-white beauties formed the set,
and with my treasures I hastened back
to the landing where a boat manned by
a friend was awaiting me. As it was
now nearly five o’clock it was deemed
advisable to start home; and in afew
minutes our staunch craft was gaily
riding the billows of Lake Ontario. A
stiff breeze had sprung up and render-
ed our voyage back rather exciting but
we were fresh and jolly because of our
good fortune, and our treasures packed
in our respective collecting boxes.
During our short stay a large percen-
tage of the birds were Marsh Wrens
‘Cistothorus palustris) and next in
numbers were the Red-winged Black-
birds, (Agelaius pheniceus), who were
feeding their clamorus young who sat
with flapping wings on the edges of the
nest or on the reeds. Coot’s (Fulica
americana), were tolerably common
but it was past breeding time and all
we saw of eggs were afew broken egg
shells. Lastly Least Bitterns (Botaurus
excilis) were seen in Small numbers, and
Song Sparrows, (Melospiza fasciata) as

dangling legs and

usual haunted the grassy edges of the

pond.
W. H. McNarrn,

Toronto, Ont.

+—+—<>>—~+

A Curious Battle.

One sunny morning in tne early part
of May, 1887, I witnesssed a curious
battle between a Baltimore Oriole and
a Least Pewee. The Pewee was build-
ing its nest, which was partly finished,
when the Oriole came and tried to steal
the Pewee’s building material to build
its own. The Pewee resisted and there
was a royal battle for a few minutes, in
which the feathers flew from the bodies
of both combatants. The Pewee drove
Sir Lord Baltimore back, only to have
him return to the attack, after a few
minutes rest. Inthe third attack. the
battle raged hot and heavy for about.
five minutes and at the termination
Lord Baltimore was glad to retreat,
leaving the Pewee the victor.

Morat—lIt is not always the strong-
er party that wins. Pluck tells every
time.

BuBo VIRGINIANUS,
Schuyler’s Lake, N. Y.

A Set of Krider’s Hawk.

On March 24th, 1891, I and my friend
L. L. Knox, started out for a days col-
lecting. On arriving at our favorite col-
lecting ground, an elm flat we saw a
large Krider’s Hawk silently leave the
nest, which was situated in a large elm
tree, 75 feet or more tall. My friend
strapped on his climbers but I took the
tree without them. _We got within six
feet of the nest when my friend slipped
and had to give up therace. I got to.
the nest after some hard climbing and
found two eggs, one slightly blotched
on the larger end and the other more
so. We came down, highly elated with
our success for we were the only col-
lectors who had taken any Krider’s
that year. G. W. Erwin,

Giddings, Tex.

THE OOLOGIST. 81

THE OOLOGIST,

A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY.
FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.
Editor and Publisher.

Correspondence and items of interest to the
student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited
from all.

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_ *,.* Articles, Items of Interest and Queries
for publication should be forwarded as early in
the month as possible.

(ENTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER.
eee

ed

SSS

E. E. H., of Cleveland, O., writes:
“In the summer of 1889 I spent a few
months in Vermont and hal avery pe-
culiar find. I was setting by a small
creek reading and was startled by a
bird flying up right by the side of me
and looking in the hole in the ground I
spied a nest containing four eggs exact-
ly like the Wood Thrush in color but
not quite so large. Iam sorry I could
not see the bird but .my eggs are still
unidentified.”

R. J. B., of Minveapolis, writes of
taking ‘‘albino” eggs of Cliff Swallows.
They can more appropriately be term-
ed “abnormal” and are not uncommon.

W.L.B.,of Bay City, Mich., sends
an interesting account of a day with the
Hawks and Cro vs, but as almost every
reader of the O6LOGIsT has had a like
experience, the lack of space forbids
our printing it.

In a letter of recent date our friend,
Rev. J. H. Langille, says, ‘The Smith-
sonian Institution has lately purchas-
ed, ready mounted, twelve magnificent
species of Birds of Paradise, from New
Guinea. ‘They are a show in them-
selves.”

G. N., West Quincy, Mass., writes
that Flickers, Chewinks, Song Spar-
rows and Robins have been quite com-
mon with them this winter, also that
43 eggs of Passer domestecus were taken
from a single electric lamp in that
town last season.

H. B. A., Manchester, Ia., writes that
large numbers of American Crossbills
have been feeding on sunflower seeds
in his garden this winter.

2

It gives us pleasure to announce that
arrangements have been perfected
whereby each issue of the O6LOGIST for
the year will contain a full page frontis
piece, engraved expressly for that pur-
pose; also that small illustrations will
be made to illustrate any MSS.: requir-
ing the same, providing the drawings
accompany the article and we deem
them worthy or of sufficient importance
to admit the additional expense.

The following taken from the Man-
chester, N. H. Union records habits of
avery common bird, entirely new to
the ornithological world. Had _ this
egotistical writer consulted some wide-
awake ten-year-old boy he might have
been saved the pain of having his ex-
treme ignorance exposed in makin
such an almost unpardonable blunder-
ing statement:

O ‘‘Are you sure?
oddities says:

‘The British Cuckoo and the Ameri-
can Cow Blackbird never build nests of
their own, but content themselves with

A writer on animal

82

depositing their eggs in the nests of
other and smaller representatives of the
feathered tribe.’

This yarn has been going about the
Cuckoo for many years and some people
have supposed that it applied to the
American bird; and such cases may
have happened on either side of the
Atlantic, but it is not the custom with
either bird in this country.

The female of the Cow Blackbird,
Red-winged Blackbird and Bobolink
differ so much from the male in appear-
ance that many people have wondered
when they found nests of these
_ birds with the female on theeggs. The
writer has seen scores of nests of the
Cow Blackbird, sometimes three or four
on one willow overhanging the Missis-
sippi river, where the birds were so
numerous and tame that they would
often ride on the same log with a man
and pick off insects that were exposed
by the log being rolled over.”

January Prize Article Contest.

One hundred and sever (107) Judges
sent in their decisions as to the merits
of the articles in January O6LOGIST.
In determining the results of these 107

-decisions we allowed the articles named
by each judge, credits as follows: The
articles named as deserving the 1st
prize we allowed five creditss 2d prize,
four credits; 8d prize, three credits; 4th
prize, two credits; and the 5th prize,
one credit.

Upon this system of credits, the arti-
cles winning the prizes and the number
of credits received by each were as fol-
lows:

1. Bird Nesting in North-west Can-

ada. 475.

2. Two Birds of Western Kansas.
280.

8. The Bronzed Grakle. 2538.

4, The Blue Grosbeak. 244.

5. Summer Tanager. 155.

Seven other articles received eredits
ranging from 7 to 67 each.

All future awards will be made on
the same credit system.

The decisions of the 107 Judges were
numbered from 1 to 107, consecutively,
as received. Three of these lists or
decisions were exactly as the awards
were made and to these three were
awarded the Jndges prizes. The earliest
list taking 1st prize; second, 2d prize;
third, 3d prize.

THE OOLOGIST.

The successful Judges and the num-
ber of their decisions as received by us
were as follows: ;

1. Geo. H. Gray, Baltimore, Md.
No. 16.

2. R.M. Miller, New Chester, Pa¥
No. 38.

3. Frank H. Shoemaker, Hampton, ~

Iowa. No. 101.
All prizes were mailed the succesful
winners on March 7th.

MAE 5 E00"
YUN: A a
f2 Ft
(acai ue 16
(i Vaart: 22.
reeniadea Netw Joules

/ ’ va
Q}) Mm + Se AL ngs
cy oO ese Cee

‘‘No-o Ma’an, I-I d-d-owt w-want any
b-b-irds.”

The above is a reduced fac simile of
one of ‘‘Lattin’s” valentines; it most
faithfully portrays his prowers as a
sportsman.

The following from W. Raine is self-
explanatory: ‘In answer to numerous
enquiries as to when ‘‘Bird-Nesting in
North-west Canada” will be out I wish
to inform subscribers that the book is
now being printed as rapidly as possi-
ble, and that this delay cannot be avoid-
ed. The twenty plates of Birds’ Nests,
Prairie, Swamp Scenes, Indian Camps,
etc., have taken considerable time to
execute, and it has been decided to
color the plates of Birds’ Eggs by hand,
which is a slow and expensive process.”

“Our Birds in Their Haunts.”

A letter from our Friend Langille a4-
vises s to again extend the‘ time for
receiving subscriptions at only $1.60 to
the new edition of this valuable work,
till April 1st, after which date the price
will positively be $2.50.

A sufficient number of subscribers
has been received to guarantee the pub-
lication of the work and he expects to
have it out by May Ist. i}

‘

Sie es ag ata i ye

Pee

THE OOLOGIST.

Self Explanatory. —

My Dear Friend Lattin:

Please notice in your next issue, that
the Ornithologists Association will
adopt as a study for this season the
‘Crow family and also their near rela-
tives the Quwtscalidw. We hereby in-
vite the co-operation of all correspond-
ing members, and ask them to adopt
their own methods of investigation and
reports; those which are the most per-
fect in respect to matter and method,
shall have a special recognization. We
would call special attention to the
geographical distribution and the food
of the different species of the two fam-
ilies above mentioned. Possibly we
may be able to offer some reward at the
end of the year for best papers.

J. H. LANGILLE,
Box 68, Smithsonian Institution,
Feb. 24, ’92. Washington, D. C.

Prizes for Best Articles.

We have decided to _ give our
atrons, each month, five prizes.
hese prizes are to be awarded

to the five best articles appearing in the
O6LOGIsT in which the offers are made.

For the five articles in this (Mar) O6LO-
Gist which are the most instructive,
valuable and interesting we shall give as
follows:

1st prize—A Part of Maynard’s Birds
of Eastern North America, bound in
boards and leather.

2nd prize—Davie’s Key to the Nests
and Eggs of N. A. Birds, in e cloth.

3d prize—Same as 2d prize, in paper.

4th and 5th—EKach a set with data of
the Noddy.

For the April competition we will
give a similar set of prizes,and through-
out the year the aggregate value of
these monthly prizes will not be less
than ten dollars.

The articles entering into competition
must contain at least one hundred
words and we prefer that they do not
exceed seven hundred words, unless
they fairly teem with very, very inter-
esting facts or happenings—Remember
that ‘‘fancies,” ‘ rehashes,” “sparrow
stories” and articles of a similar nature
are not solicited and will rarely be
found “‘available.”’

THE JUDGES: Yow have been sel
ected to act as one of the Judges in
these Prize article contests, and your

83

decision must be promptly and fairly
given, and in no ease later than the
10th of the month following the one on
which the OGLOGIST was issued upon
which your decision is given.

Your decision for this month’s com-
petition must be mailed us not later
than Apr. 10th. Write on the back of a
postal card the articles which you have
decided to be the most valuable, instruc-
tie and interesting in this number of
O6LOGIsT and mail to us. Number the
articles in the which you think the
prizes should be awarded.

We have also decided to give our
Judges five prizes, one to each of the,
five whose decisions are nearest the
final award of prizes and in the Febru-
ary competition the Judge whose list of
five articles is the nearest the awarded
list, we will give a copy of Davie’s Key
to the Nest and Eggs of N. A. Birds,
paper. 2d and 3d each a set of Noddy.
4th and 5th each a set of Sooty Tern.
In case of a tie, the earliest mailed list
takes the prize.

Address FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

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THE OOLOGIST.

INDIAN WAR views from the battlefield of f
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I SELL n-3, Bell’s Vireo, $.35; 1-1 Fulmar-
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‘THE OOLOGIST. 85

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iC a

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coupons, one year and a copy of each. This $6.00 Natural History and $4.00 Painting all for only
“$3.50 Address at once :

FRANK. H. LATTIN, Publisher of OOLOGIST, Albioa, N. Y.

BLACK BEAR! WATCHES - JAWKRLRY

sé ae 1. 7 z Parties desiring a watch of any movement
For sale a fine Male Cub, ten months yin gna it to.their advantage to correspond

old, is very tame, sleek, and broken to with me and obtain my prices, as I know I can

dead. save you $ $ $, by your doing so.
PRICE $25.00 See juries upon any movement that
Will keep till April 1st if desired. of ;
LOUIS E. HUDSON, ED VAN WINKLE,

Ellisburgh, Jefferson Co., N. Y. VANS HARBOR, DELTA CO., MICH

86 THE OOLOGIST.

THE SIMPLEST THING IN THE WORLD,
THE SIMPLEX TYPEWRITER.

The only really Practical Cheap Typewriter ever put on the Market.
Is Rapid
and Does

_ (NEW-YORK) MAY=20,<%
eae aS SAK ZS
SSIMPLEX| TYPEWRIT Ges

as Handsome,
\ Weighs
| One Pound.

444

NE 8 INCHES |LONG | &

ILL“PRINT A LI

Is Easy to
Operate.

riedin the
Coat Pocket —

THE LATEST OF THE BEST TYPEWRITERS. THE CLIMAX OF
IMPROVEMENTS. THE MINIMUM CF PRICE. DESTINED TO.
REVOLUTIONIZE WRITING, AS THE SEWING-MACHINE
REVOLUTIONIZED SEWING. AS INDISPENSABLE TO
THE OFFICE, LIBRARY AND STUDY AS THE SEW-
ING-MACHINE IS TO THE HOUSEHOLD.

This machine is not to be placed in the category with other so-called Typewriters, selling
for $1.00 and thereabouts, which are utterly useless for any purpose except that of a toy.

The “SIMPLEX” is the product of experienced typewriter manufacturers, and is a.
PRACTICAL TVPEWRITER in every sense of the word, and 4S SUCH WE
GUARANTEE JT.

For Business Men.—Every man whatever his business, has need of the “ SIMPLEX.” LAW-.
YERS find them indispensable. MERCHANTS acknowledge their great value. CLERGYMEN
write their sermons with them. AUTHORS their manuscripts. Letters written with the ‘‘ Simplex ’”
are legible and neat and at the rate of FORTY WORDS PER MINUTE. j

For Travelers.—Lhe size and construction of the ‘‘SIMPLEX” particularly adapts it for use
on cars and steamboats. It will go into a box 5 inches wide, 9 inches long, and 1 1-2 inches deep. Cani
be CARRIED IN THE POCKET or put into a valise. Orders written with the ** SIMPLEX”’ cannot.
be misunderstood. The machine WEIGHS ONLY ONE POUND, BOX INCLUDED. 2 Oe

For Boys and Girls.—The “SIMPLEX” will be hailed with delight by BOYS AND GIRLS.
It will improve their spelling and teach proper punctuation. It will encourage neatness and accuracy.
It will print in any colored ink, violet, red, green, blve or black. It will PRINT A LINE EIGHT
INCHES LONG and admit any size letter paper. The printing is always in sight. A USEFUL,
INSTRUCTIVE AND ENTERTAINING NOVELTY AT THE PRICE OF A TOY.

Nothing is of greater importance than correct forms of correspondence, The ‘ SIMPLEX” en-
courages practice and practice makes perfect. Writing with this machine will be such jolly fun for
your boys and girls that they will write letters by the dozen. This may cost you something for postage
stamps but the improvement in their correspondence will well repay you. “i

For the Home Cirele and Kindergartens.—Mothers and teachers will at once appreciate
the immense assistance afforded by the ‘‘SIMPLEX”’ in teaching children the alphabet. A child can
operate the machine WITHOUT INSTRUCTION and once interested half the work is done. It prints |
all the capital letters, all the figures and the necessary punctuation marks, Ey

EXTRA POINTS. j

The alignment of the ‘‘ Simplex’’ is equal to the very highest priced machine.

It is positive in action and each letter is locked by an automatic movement when the stroke ismade,

It has no ribbon to soil the fingers. rs

Letters written by it can be copied with a letter press.

The ‘‘ Simplex’? is mounted on a hard-wood base and put up in a handsome box with bottle:
of ink and full instructions for using.

Given with a year’s subscription to The OoLoGIstT, with coupons, for only $2.75 or
given as a premium for a club of only ten new subscribers at 50 cents each. Price $2.50
Postage and packing 20 cents additional, whether sent as a premium or purchased. Address

FRANK H. LATTIN, Publisher of QOLOGIST, Aibion, N. Y-

‘ vy PREVENTS DANDRUFF
Allays IRRITATION & KEEPS THE Scatp cooL

88 _ THE OOLOGIST.

The Greatest Business University in America; over 1£00 students attended last year, more —
than twice as large an attendance as all other business colleges in Cleveland combined ;more than’ —
1000 students who attended last year are now holding good positions.
College employs a corps of 40 men, nearly one-half of whom have formerly been college presi-
With such a faculty is it any wonder that its graduates are sought by ousinéss men.
185 Graduates received diplomas at our last graduating exercises; of that number 175. were hold-
ing good positions within 80 days from that date. a
Send for circulars or call at the main office, 90 Euclid Ave.

dents

annual commencement.
No. 536. M. J. CATON, Pres.

N. B.—We have branch colleges in Buffalo. N. Y., and Detroit, Mich.
any of the colleges belonging to the Caton system.

S88 TO 92 RUGLID AVB., GhLAVALAND, Oo.

Nearly 300 will receive diplomas at our next —

The Euclid Ave. Business

Telephone

Scholarships good in _

M. A. BAILEY. 218 West 12th Avenue, Em-
poria, Kansas, desires to purchase Aitlonthus
cocoons.

ARROW 2 SPEA

Watertown, South Dakota.

Heads for Sale cheap
Write for prices.
GEO. W. DIXON,

$60. Collection of Eggs.

Nearly 15° species,
reasonable price.

J. Wm. Johnson
4922 Willow Street,

will sell at a

Pa.

Frankford, Philadelphia,
—A collection of bird’s
egoes,cheap. S _H.PIER-

For pale SON, 156 Linden Ave.

Minneapolis, Minn.

Seadh
WEBSTER’S
INTERNATIONAL |!
DICTIONARY

to Cover.

¢
L

ver

=
©
Sa
Ge
at
ca)
2)
&
2
=>
i)

e)
OG : :
| SUCCEASOR OF THE UNABRIDGED. [=
‘Ven years revising. 100 editors employed.
Critical examination invited. Get the Best.
| SOLD BY ALL BOOKSELLERS. :
| Patnphict ol specimen pages, engravings and ;
testimonials sent free by the publishers,
Cc. MERRIAM & CO., Springfield, Mass.

7

aa

CARR'S NATURAL HISTORY STORE. ™

Sea Shells, Corals. Minerals, Bird Skins and-
Eggs, Curios, Supplies for Taxidermists, Ento-
mologests, Botanists and Oologists. Taxid-/
ermy in all Branches of the art. Gold fish and 7
aquarums. @

CG. BR. CARI

Madison, Wis.”

$2.00 FOR $1,00
“THE PHONOGRAPHIC WORLD.”’. :

A live Journal for live writers. Devoted to™
the interests of the Shorthand “profession.”
Yearly (12 numbers) only $1.00. ~“Itis the best’
and only unprejudiced Shorthand publication.”

For only $1.00 we will send a years sub=
scription of the above Journal and also one of
the OOLOGIS®, including the two coupons. 4

Send your #1.00 at once as the offer is limited.

FRANK H. LATTIN, * a
ALBION, N. Y.

OOO 0OSODONOHGHODOOOOHSOOODOGOOOOOGE |

pete RIPANS TABULES regulate the stomach, @
liver and bowels, purify the blood, are pleas-
ant to take, safe and alwayseffectual. Areliable
remedy for Biliousness, Blotches on the Face,
Bright’s Disease, Catarrh, Colic, Constipation, —
Chronic Diarrhea, Chronic Liver Trouble, Dia-
betes, Disordered Stomach, Dizziness, Dysentery,
Dyspepsia, Eczema, Flatulence, Female Com-

laints, Foul Breath, Headache, Heartburn, Hives,
panes, Kidney Complaints, Liyer Troubles,
Loss of Appetite, Mental Depression, Nausea,
Nettle Rash, Painful Diges-
tion, Pimples, Rush of Blood >
te the Head,} Sallow Com- |
lexion, Salt Rheum, Seald
ead, Scrof- ula, Sick Head-
ache, Skin Dis-
Stomach,Tived
Liver, Ulcers,
and every oth- er symptom
or disease that : results from
impure blood or a failure in the proper perform-
ance of their functions by the stomach, liver and
intestines. Persons given to over-eating are benD-
efited by taking one tabule after each meal. A
continued use of the Ripans Tabules is the surest
cure for obstinate constipation. They contain ¢
nothing that can be injurious to the most deli-
cate. 1 gross $2, 1-2 gross $1.25, 1-4 gross 75C.,
1-24 gross 15 cents. Sent by mail postage pe
Address THE RIPANS CHEMICAL COMPANY, @
P. O. Box 672, New York. 1G

O9099000G00060G00000000000890G89'

CBOGOOOSSODOSTSHTOSGHOOSHHGOH9OOOHSOOO8O@

Monthly.

VOL. IX.

RyRARAIRIRAIRD

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50c. per Year. © a3)

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NO. 4

NEW RATES. NEW RULES. NEW REGULATIONS,

Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.

Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,” “Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department

for 50¢ per #5 words.
word. No notice inserted for less than 5uc.

Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional
Terms, cash with order.

Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at Oue-haltf list rates.
“DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only,
Exchange Cards and Coupons (Subscription) will be accepted for * Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only

and according to conditions stated thereon.

EXCHANGE.—Sets 5lalg, 7114, 33924.144, 38714,
15 for other sets. D. W. RAYMOND, Nor-
Walk, Conn.

A fine telescope for sale or will exchange for
Climbers. Value $4. Correspondence solicited.
H. CUDLIP, 620 B. St., N. KH. Washington, D,
Cc.

TO EXCHANGE.—Two pairs climbing irons,
2 vols. Golden Days, Flobert ritle. Wanted
eggs in singles. Write for particulars. CHAS.
McGEH, Leavenworth, Kansas.

TO EXCHANGE.—Dumb bells, all sizes from
6to 50 lbs. per pair. Dumb bell exercises are
the healthiest thing in the world, every boy
should have a pair, will exchange same for first
Class eggs with data. WRNHS1’ MARCEAN,
38 Jones St., Dubuque, la.

WANTED.—Minerals, Fossils, Sea Curios,
Fresh water and land Shells. Have ior ex-
change Fine Fossils, Pet. Moss. J. M. KibL-
VING'TON, Mason City, Iowa.

FOR EXCHANGE.—Fine sets of following
{A. O. U.) species: 59, 207, 298a, 289b, 311, 31y,
B13, 335, 339a, 424, 410, 477a, 602, 546, 573, 718a, 706,
707. THOS. H. JACKSON, West Chester, Pa.

Ihave a fine collection of 50 first-class eggs,
Value $3.50, which i will exchange for a 22 cal.
rifle in good condition. L.N. KIBBE, Prince-
ton, Franklin Co.. Kansas.

TO EXCHANG#.—BIRD SKINS with all col-
lectors. Send list and receive mine with terms.
J. CLAIRE WOOD, 104 Abbott St., Detroit,
Michigan-

TO EXCHANGE.—Light Brahma Cockerel
and eggs ior hatching of Light Brahmas and
Black Minorcas for séts not in my collection.
ROBT WARWICK, Hleming, N. Y

TO EXCHANGSH.—Ist class eggs for books.
Must be im good condition. Also eggs, many
Tare ones, blown through two holes in one side
for common Ist class eggs. A. E. PRICK,
Grant Park, Ills.

TO EXCHANGE.—32?2 cal. revolver, 52 Youth’s
Companions, Violin, climbers, live squirrels,
for birds eggs, oologist’s or taxidermists instru-
ments. A. C. BLACK, DeGratf, Ohio.

LOOK. Ihave a first-class receipt for em-
balming birds and for every dollar’s worth of
Indian relics seut Iwill send it to them. J.
M. KILVINGTON, Mason City, Iowa.

FINE SHTS of Great Horned Owls eggs, also
many other sets, 30 species of mussels. 30
species Of uNivalves, all in exchange for scien-
titic literature. _Spencer’s works especially
desired. Send for list and State what you have.
DR. W.L. STRODH, Bernadotte, Ils,

FOR EXCHANGE.—A pair of Roller Skates
for Bird’s Higgs or Skins, also lst class sets, A.
O. U., 4&8 1-U. 54024, 448144. NATHAN L. DAV-
IS, Box 224, Brockport, N. Y.

BIRD’S EGGS.—FREDERICK A. HUNT,
Care O. C. M. A., Syracuse, N. Y.

TO EXCHANGH.—Pair of deer antlers, skin
on head, two feet wide, six prongs on each ant-
ler, Worth $10, ior first-class eggs insets. BUR-
TON H, JOHNSON, Box 693, Orange, Mass.

TO EXCHANGE.—A Cornet in good condi-
tion, value #12, will exchange for bird’s eggs
in sets or singles, mounted birds or Skins. #H.
L. HALHY, Paoillips, Maine.

MOUNTED BIRDS.—Thirty specimens, for
exchange for Relics, Books, Uurio, ‘or articles
useful to a naturalist. Send your list and re-
ceive mine. W. W. SHELLEY, Hesston, Har-
vey Co., kas.

FOR EXCHANGE.—Compound microscope
(cost 5.00) for tirst-class climvers, also 3 vols. of
the Argosy, for eggsinsets. GUY A. MOORH,
1436 Wabash Ave., Chicago.

FORTY-EIGHT numbers of Scientific
American 1859-{sol. Im fair condition. Hive
Nos. of Century, for climbers and Oological in-
struments. C. HOUSK, 466 Jenning’s Ave.,
Cleveland. Ohio.

90

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued.

BIRD SKINS.—If you want strictly first-clas,
Southern skins, such as Kites. Warblers, Sea-
birds, etc., address. GEO. P. BUTLER, 946
Jones St.. Augusta, Ga.

WANTED.—Singles listed at under $1, espec-
lally the commonest ones and several of each
variety. Willexchange good original sets or
Singles for same. FRED A. SCHNEIDER,
College Park, Cala.

ss

_ WANTED.—Egegs, minerals, insects and
Natural History specimens of all kinds. Can

offer fossils. minerals, stamps, insects. curios,
etc.. also 1st class military fife with instruction
book. C. WILL BEEBE, 73 Ashland Ave.,

THE OOLOGIST.

JOB PRINTING to exchange for eggs. sets:
and singles to ex. for others. Natural History-
Books to ex. H. VAN TRUMP, Rochester, Ind.

TO EXCHANGE. —A fine $17 guitar, new, for-
best offer of original sets with data, amounting-
to $28 or over. Also a banjo self instructor for
sets. Write and make offer. KERWIN KEITH
Ottawa, Kans.

WANTED.—Books on Ornithology, and com-.
plete volumes of Auk and “Ornithologist and
Oologist” of Boston. Fine offers in sets or sin-
gles Birds eggs. WALTER F. WEBB, Geneva,
Is A

FOREIGN STAMPS and coins, minerals, a few
shells and Nichelson’s Zoology, for standard
works on Entomology, Write first to W. A. Rl-~
LEY, Box 728, Greencastle, Ind. ¥

Fast Orange. N. J.
= _

TO EXCHANGE.—Two handsome white
throughbred Jacobins and one bald-headed
tumbler pigeons. for best offer of eges in singles
and sets. BURTON H. JOHNSON, Box 693,
Orange. Mass.

CAN OFFER living,mounted, or skins of Am.
Porcupine. groundhog, squirrels, etc., also Am.
and British bird skins and later eggs of both.
Wanted, Jordan’s Manual of Vertebrates, and
other Natural History works. Also good skins
of birds and eges in sets. What offers. JOHN
A. MORDON., Sherman City, Mich.

I would like to hear from all collectors who
Wwishto exchange Coleoptera (Beetles) from
their section for same from Wisconsin, during
the coming season. W. E. SNYDER, Beaver
Dam, Wis.

I WILL GIVE 100 mixed foreign stamps for
every perfect arrow head with locality or set of
eggs with data sent me. I have Vols XI and
XII Golden Days to exchange for first-class
éges with data. GUS. RAPP, 465 9th St. Mil-
waukee. Wis.

REVOLVER, papers and Ist class eggs, sets
or singles, for Ist class eggs in sets. All letters
answered. CHAS. E. HUSK. Shabbona, Ill.

ALL OOLOGISTS west of the Rocky Mount-
ains who are in favor of forming an association
of oologists for our mutual benefit please send
me their names and any suggestions they may
think of. N. R. CHRISTIF, Box 15, Mountain
Home. Idaho.

FLEAS and LICE.—During the coming seas-
on will give liberal exchanges in Colorado bird
skins and insects. for fleas and lice from all
kinds of birds and small animals. Can be eas-
ily obtained while taking skins. Send address
for particulars. Correspondence solicited. C.
F. BAKER, Fort Collins. Colorado.

WANTED.—Collectors in each state and ter-
ritory to collect butterflies and moths. Will
pay Cash or give in exchange insects, corals,
Shells, echinoderms &c, from all parts of the
world. If you want to collect write for parti-
culars. WERUM BROS.., Toledo. Ohio.

WANTED to exchange, stamps with collect-
ors. Those who have them to exchange send
them and we will send a like amount, also we
will give 12 cts. worth of Foreign Stamps for
every 10 cts. worth of first-class bird’s eggs in
sets with data or we will give 15 cts. worth of
first-class birds eggs for every 10 cts worth of
foreign or U.S. stamps catalogued at 5 cts. or
over. MIDDLESEX STAMP COMPANY, 13
Oakland St. Natick, Mass.

TO EXCHANGE.—With collectors desiring-
some fine sets of St. Domingo, Grebe, Boohy Gan-
net. Bridled Tern, Audubons Shearwater, Man,
O War Bird, White-crowned Pigeon, Noddy and
Sooty “ern. ete., etc. Send full lists at once,
WALTER FF. WEBB, Geneva. N. Y.

EXCHANGE NOTICE.—To exchange, eggs in
sets and singles, Maynard’s ‘Birds of Eastern
North America” incomplete copy, for eggs, ang
skins. B. H. SWALES, 1220 Woodward Ave.,
Detroit, Mich.

OLD VIOLINS wanted in good or bad condition,
also new ones if they.are tine. Have to exchange.
musical instruments, Fire arms, Birds Eggs, ete.
P. P. NORRIS, Lock Box 99, North Topeka, Kans.

TO EXCHANGE.—Botany, contains 832 large
pages and flora of N. A. bound in leather ang
cloth. In good condition. For climbing-irons,
Strapped and sent pre paid. Correspondence.
desired. H.T. GREENE, 100 Valley Rd., Mont-~
clair, N. J.

FOR EXCHANGE.—Cabinet sets of 30 Species.
Spoon river unionidae. 20 species univalves.
Fine Helices. Birds eggs in setts. Wanted. any~
thing interesting or curious. DR. W. L. STRODE,
Bernadotte, Ill.

WANTED.—To exchange a few very desirable.
sets for single eggs. Collectors please send
list of rare single. with price attached. WAL-
TER. F. WEBB, Geneva, N. Y.

TO EXCHANCE.—Fine cabinet minerals of
New England and Nova Scotia, for Birds Eggs,
Thompsonite Natiolite. Stilbite. Heulandite,
Analeite, Laumontite. Howlite, Selenite, Pyro-
hisite, Lilac Wernerite, Boltonite, Actinolite,
Sterlingite. Annite Cheistolite Xtals and many
others. Correspondence desired. G. L. BRIG=
HAM. Bolton, Mass.

First-class BIRD SKINS, Mounted birds and
Deer heads. 4x5 Dectective Camera, ‘‘O. and O.’*
Vols. 8, 9, 10 and 16 complete. Vol. 15 three Nos.
missing, ‘“Young Oologist’”? Vol. 1 and € com<
plete. Vols. 7 and 8 three Nos. missing; ‘‘Ran-
dom Notes” Vol. 1 complete. Vols. 2 and3 twa
Nos. missing; Davie’s Egg Check list. first edi-~
tion (new); and 80 numbers of Natural History
papers some nearly complete Vols. will ex-
change for good revolver, telescope, type Writ=
er, books on photography, photo. supplies. ban~
jo, sheet music, fishing tackle or other desir-
able articles. HOWARD H. McaDAM, Oak
Bay, Charlotte Co., N. B.

WANTED:—Twenty-five (25) Pairs of com-
mon Doves. will give cash or Job Printing fer
same. Write, stating Price. Address WILL R.
CURTIS, Lock Box 6, East Carlton, N. Y.

Ss

DES SG

a

ee eee ee

4

THE OOLOGIST. 91

EXCHANGES and WANTS, Continued

FLORIDA HGGS.—Wholesale lot. 27 sin-

les, species Mockingbird. Boxt-tailed Grackle,

lack Skimmer. Louisiana Heron, Great blue
Heron, 11 sets comprising Black Skimmer. An-
hinga, Louisiana Heron. Logger-headed Shrike,
Boat-tailed Grackle and Laughing Gull. First-
class, complete data, to exchange for watch,
Chain. fountain pen. type or offers. CHAS. S.
McPHERSON. St. Petersburgh, Florida.

A BANJO. black walnut neck. inlaid finger-
ing, French head. nickled with 24 brass Clamps.
A fine Artist Soto b flat cornet. guaranteed per-
fectin tone. Tt is just 4months old the Ist of
April. 792 and on account of ill heaJth has hard-
ly been touched. Itis a Caurtois’ Model and
cost $35.00, is brass elaborately engraved. I
Will send with it a fine leather covered case,
plush lined, worth $4.50. a music rack, stand.
mute,a shank, b shank, “rifle bored mouth-
piece, silver plated.” 2 bits, mouthpiece holder,
acleaner. Wanted Indian relics or most any-
thing. This offer is good for a month. AL-
BERT PAYNE, Box 218, Greenport, Suffolk
CO.nL. I:

I have the following first-class eggs in cCom-
plete sets With full data (A. O. U. No’s.) for
exchange. Black Tern 7-2, 10-3; Barred Owl 1-1;
Coot 1-9, i-8; Caracara Eagle 1-2; Grebe 1-5;
Meadow Lark 1-3, 2-4, 2-5, 2-5; Artic Tern 1-3;
Bobolink 1-5; Long-billed Marsh Wren 2-5, 5-4.
5-5, 7-6; Noddy Tern 1-1; Great Blue Heron 1-5;
Lesches’ Petrel 6-1; Florida Gallinule 7-6, 1-5,
8-7, 2-8: Sparrow Hawk 1-3; Least Bittern 2-3,
5-4, 5-6, 3-6; Cactus Wren 1-5: Yellow-headed
Blackbird 7-4, 8-5, 15-6: Sora Rail 1-7. 1-8; Cliff
Swallow 7-4, 8-5, 8-6. and many othersets. None
but first-class sets wanted. CHARLES M.
ELDREDGE, 314 Chamber of Commerce, Chi-
cago.

WANTED.—2d hand copies of either ‘Coues’
Key” or ‘“‘Ridgway’s Manual” will give cash or

exchange. Write stating condition. edition,
Seat terms. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion,

I will give specimens of any kird, advertis-
ing space in the OOLOGIST, and for extra good
offers anything I offer for sale or possibly CASH
for first-class Indian Relics, or for new or 2d
hand books in Natural History, in good con-
dition, ornithology or oology preferred— a set
of tho *“‘Natural History of New York’ and
-copies of ‘‘Coues’ Key” especially desired.
FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N, Y.

SINGLES, many with data, to exchange for de-
Sirable first-class singles. HW. M. GUILFORD.
139 N. Aldrich Ave., Minneapolis. Minn.

NOTI“E.—Raven (Cornus corax) alive. to ex-
change tor best. offer in birds +ges. shells or curio.
=e WINKLE, Van’s Harbor. Upper Penn.,

ich.

INDIAN WAR views from the battlefield of

“Wounded Knee.” Modern Sioux relics.
Send for list. Cc. L. FREEMAN.
E3t Chadron, Neb.

HO WANTS a Job Press and Fixtures for

part trade, price $15. Offer me Simplex
Typewriter or what patent vou have. Have
Track Litter for trade. P. O. Box 30, Charlestown,
Jefferson Co., West Virginia.

OR SALE CHEAP:—A fine live Bald Eagle,
9 months old. Jn good heolth and spirits.
Address LOUIE MILLER; Frankfort. Ind.

Q MY f 20 all hidden name cards 10c. <A

® prize with every pack. Send 2

red stamps for Sample Book. We sell Genuine
Cards. NO TRASH. (@§ AGENTS WANTED.

CURTIS CARD CO., East Carlton, N. Y.

400 yarienies or stamps $1.00

Duplicates can be returned.

AN UNUSUAL OFFER

Wallo Js (CUSI SVAN G

827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL,
Catalogue for stamp.

pine), CUTS.

An illustrated price-list of Electrotypes of
Birds sent free. Just the thing to use on your
letter heads, circulars, etc. Engraving to 0,
der. H. A. CARHART, Syracuse, N. Y.

For INVENTORS. 40-page BOOK FREE. Address,
W T.Fitzgerald, Attorney at Law,WashingtonD.C.

D.L. DOWD’S Health Exerciser.

For Brain-Workers and Sed-
entary People, Gentlemen,
Ladies, Youths, Athlete or In-
@ valid. A complete gymnasium.
“Takes up but 6in. square floor-

comprehensive. cheap. Indors-
ed by 30,000 physicians. lawyers,
clergymen, editors, aud others
Send for circular, 40 engravings,
no charge. Prof. D. L. Dowd, Scientific, Phys-
ical and Vocal Culture. $ East l4th St., N. Y.

now using it.

©0080 0085000000 0000000000000080008

HE RIPANS TABULES regulate the stomach,
liver and bowels, purify the blood, are pleas-
ant to take, safe and a WER effectual. Areliable
remedy for Biliousness, Blotches on the Face,
Bright’s Disease, Catarrh, Colic, Constipation,
Chronic Diarrhoea, Chronic Liver Trouble, Dia-
betes, Disordered Stomach, Dizziness, Dysentery,
Dyspepsia, Eczema, Flatulence, Female Com-
laints, Foul Breath, Headache, Heartburn, Hives,
aundice, Kidney Complaints, Liver Troubles,
Loss of Appetite, Mental Depression, Nausea,

Nettle Rash, Painful Diges-
tion, Pimples, Rush of Blood
to the Head, Sallow Com-

lexion, Salt Rheum, Scald
Freaae Scrof- ula,Sick Head-

eases,Sour
Feeling,Torpid
Water Brash
and every oth- er symptom
or disease that results from
impure blood or a failure in the proper perform-
ance of their functions by the stomach, liver and
intestines. Persons given to over-eating are ben-
efited by taking one tabule after each meal.
continued use of the Ripans Tabules is the surest
-cure for obstinate constipation. They contain
nothing that can be injurious to the most deli-
cate. 1 gross $2, 1-2 gross $1.25, 1-4 gross 75c.,
1-24 gross 15 cents. Sent by mail postage paid.
Address THE RIPANS CHEMICAL COMPANY,
P. O. Box 672, New York.

0099988009580 8098059500505066808

ache, Skin Dis-
Stomach,Tired
Liver, Ulcers,

6060900000096 0086900090008088S6 5060008
DBOOEOOGHO G96 8HH809H08008099808000080000

92

FOR SALE.

FaA new Stevens 22 cal.
612.00 will sell for $8.50.

My entire private collection of Birds, Eggs,
Skins, Mounted Specimens and Shells. All spec-
imens are Al, with full data.

List of Skins: _Am, Bittern, Am. Coot, Hooded
Merganser, Ruddy Duck, Cala. Quail, Bob White,
Mt. Quail, Yel. bell. Sapsucker, R. sh. Hawk,
Short-eared Owl, Wilson Snipe, Brew. Blackbird,
Cooper Hawk,Marsh Hawk, Pileated Woodpecker,
Yel. bill. Magpie, Evening Grosbeak, Art. 3 Toed
Woodpecker, Cala. Jay, Steller’s Jay, Purple
Grackle, Green Heron, Yel. Hammer, Least Yell-
ow Legs, Gt. Yel. Legs, Cala. Pigmy Owl, Spar-
row Hawk, Cala. Sereech Owl, Masio satratus
(New Species Owl), Purple Martin, Wilson Phatia-
rope, Fox Sparrow, Gt. Crested Flycatcher, Mary-
land Yell. Throat, Yell. Warbler, Rose-breasted
Grossbeak,’ Scarlet Taniger, Purple Finch, Or-
chard Oriole, Bobolink, Br. Thrasher, Cedarbird,
Chestnut-sided Warbler, Am. Redpoll, Myrtle
Warbler, Bl. and’ Yell. Waroler, Bl. Th. Green
Warbler, Golden-cr. Kinglet, Ruby-cr. Kinglet,
Bl. Poll Warbler, Tennessee Warbler, B1.Th. Blue
Warbler, Pine Warbler. Bryant’s Savannah Spar-
row, Horned Lark, 4, Am. Redstart, Arz. Hooded
Oriole, White Bres. Nuthatch Sanderling, Arz.
Bl. Crested Flycatcher, Lapland Longspur, Bank
Swallow. A

Nearly all skins are in pairs, i. e¢., male and fe-
male of each.

All are tully and correctly labelled.

MOUNTED SPECIMENS.

Am. Herring Gull, Gt. Horned!Owl, Willow Ptar
gamin, Barred Owl, Green Heron.

SHELLS.

Sixty Specimens univalves and bivalves,
nicely labeled and cleaned.

LIST OF EGGS IN SETS.

Parula Warbler 1-1, Yell. Warbler 1-3. 2-3, 3-3;
Yell. Billed Cuckoo 1-2; Song Sparrow 94; Field
Sparrow 1-3, 1-2: Wilson’s Tern 2-3, 1-3; Fish Hawk

_ 1-2; Br. Wing. Hawk 1-3. 1-2; Red-Wing. Bl. Bird
13-4; Chewink 3-4; Catbird 3-4; Blue Jay 6-4; Mock-
ingbird 3-3; West. Meadow Lark 2-4; Phoebe 5-4;
Vega Gull 1-3; Meadow Lark 2-4; Kingbird 1-4:
Yell. Billed Cuckoo 1-2; Yeli. Warbler 1-2; Red-tail
ed Hawk 3-3; Am. Gold k'inch 3-4; Balt. Oriole 1-4;
audubon’s Hermit Thrush 1-4; Pbrothonoatary
Warbler 1-6: House Wren 1-5; Catbird 2-4; Com-
mon Crow 1-5: Richardson’s Owl 1-4: St. Lucas
Robin 1-3; Poor-will 1-2; Cooper’s Hawk 3-4 Am.
Eared Grebe 1-5; Cala. Blue Gray Gaatcatcher 1-4;
Chickadee 1-5; Am. Robin 6-4; Barred Owl 1-2:
Flicker 2-5; Wood Thrush 2-4; Laughing Gull 1-3;
Anna’s Hummingbird 1-2; West. Bluebird 2-4; Mt
Bluebird 1-2; Bi-colored Bl. Bird 1-3: Oregon Rutf-
ed Grouse 1-7; West, Chippy Sparrow 1-4: Brew.
Bl. Bird 8-4; Orezon Song Sparrow 1-4: Bank Swal-
low 1-2: Meadow Lark 2-4; White-rumped shrike
6-5; West. Meadow Lark; Sooty Grouse 1-8; Green
Heron 1-4; Gt. Horned Owl 1-3; Cala. Murre; Blue-
bird 1-6; Br. Thrasher 5-3; Scarlet Tanager 1-2;
Snowy Heron 1 2; Am. Herring Gall 1-3; Bank
Swallow 1-3; Fla, Screech Owl 1-3; Prairie Hen
1-15; Cardinal (-2: Mt. Quail 1-2; Oregon Towhee
1-4; Red-shafted Flicker 1-4; Magnolia Warbler
1-4: Bronzed Grackle 1-5: Oregon Juuco 12; Night
Hawk 1-2; Long-eared Owl 1-4; Marsh Hawk 1-3;
Traill’s Flycaicher 1-4; Slate-colored Junco 2-3;
White Th. Sparrow |-3; Gt. Blue Heron 1-4; Am.
Woodcock 1-2: Am. Fiainingo 1-2; Loulsana Tana-
ger 1-3; West. House Wren 7-5; West. Robin 7-3;
Indigo Bunting 1-4; Red-wing-Bl. Bird 1-5; Yell.
Headed Bl. bird 1-4; Murre z 1; Wood Pewee 1-3;
Warbling Vireo 1-8; Least Biltera 2-4; Tree Swal-
low 1-4; Purple Martin i-4; Am. Ccou 1-0; Purple

rifle, high finish, cost

all

THE OOLOGIST.

Grackle 1-4; Am. Gold Finch 1-6; Ruby Th. Hum
mingbird 3-2; Wilson’s Thrush 1-3; Long-billed
Marsh Wren 1-6: Bl. Tern 2-4; Red-shouldered
Hawk 1-4: Fla. Gallinule 1-9; Summer Redbird 4-4;
Bl. Cr. Night Heron 1-3: Franklin’s Gull 2-3: Pied -
billed Grebe 1-6; Chestnut-sided Warbler 1-3; Blue
grey Gnatcatcher 2-4; Red-bellied Woodpecker 1-3;
Carolina Wren 1-4; Bell’s Vireo 1-4 and nest;Aretie
Tern 1-3: Carolina Rail 1-3: Summer Redbird 1-3;
Prairie Horned Lark 1-3; Gt. Crest. Flycatcher 1-4
Bobwhite 1-16; Horned Lark 1-2; King Rail 1-3;
Road Runner 1-4; Least Tit 1-6; Raz. Bill. Auk 1;
Com. Guilemot 1; Burrowing Owl 1-8; Br. Head
Nuthatch 1-6; Cactus Wren 1-4; —ittle Blue Heron
1-4; Sh. Bill. Marsh Wren 1-7 and nest; Bl. Skim-
mer 1-4; Hermit Thrush 1-3.

otal No. Sets 200, all with full data and first
class.

5 mye entire outfit is offered for sale for only
65.00.

Or separate as 10llows:

idle $8.50.

The entire lot of skins only $20.00.

The shells for $3.00.

The whole collection of eggs $32.00.

The mounted specimens $10.00.

This includes packing and delivery to express
Office, charges must be paid by receiver. Cash
with order. Write at once for they will be sold
by May first.

DR. A. G. PRILL,
Springville, Brie Co. N. Ye

WILL SELL first-class eggs as long as they

last at 3s lowest list price. Please mention
duplicates. Letters answered. R. B. WHITE-
HEAD, Westtield, N. J.

——-

\ ANTED:—Old Postage Stamps. Send 10e.

for price list giving highest cash price paid
for every U.S. stamp. V. L. WHITH, Mt. Morris,
INISDYS

outhern California Bird and Mam-
mal Skins and Eggs.
pared specimens with full data.
Price list for stamp
CHARLES H. MARSH,

Dulzura, San Diego Co., California.

IS THE BEST. al
FENEW HOME SEWING MACHINE CO. ORANGE NAS

28 UNION SQUARE, N.Y. FRANC]
cHICAGo BOSTON MASS, ATLANTA GA. AN CALS
St.couis MO p = DALLAS TEX:

Carefully pre-—

a i a a a Nr

Pe ee ee |

ij \ .
nae ss

ENGRAVED BY H. A. CARHART , SYRACUSE, N Y.

SHARP-SHINNED HAWK, A4ccipiter velox, (female.)
From Photo of specimen mounted by A. B. Covert, Ann Arbor, Mich.

THE OOLOGIST.

WOL. IX.

ALBION, N. Y., APRIL, 1892.

NO. 4

The Oriole’s Nest.

A pair of Orioles built. their nest,
On the spreading limb of the old elm
tree
‘So near my bed-room window that I,
The process of building could plainly
see.

‘Skillful architects were they,
Working both as of one mind,

In the strength of unity,
Fit examples for mankind.

First they hung long strings of twine
_ From a slender crotched limb
For the framework of the house;

In artful manner weaving in

Fiberous rootlets, grass and strings,
And what all I cannot tell;

Went to make their pretty home
In a style tothem known well.

Soon ’twas done, that pending nest
In the breeze so gently swinging,
And the builders perched near by
Their songs of joy and pride were
singing,
“One by one five eggs were laid,
Handsome speckled gems were they,
Lined and blotched as though a child
With pen and ink had been at play.

Ere long these eggs were turned to birds,
Their parents’ pride and care were
they,
‘Till in the joy of new found strength
They spread their wings and flew
away,

Now they’re all gone to a warmer clime
Where in winter months they go,
And the nest now swings on the leafless
limb,
All filled with ice and snow.

M. D. CoorErR.

> <> > +

Lanius Borealis on Deck.

That is to say, Lanius borealis is one
of those characters that may be depend-
edupon. He has a set time for appear-
ing every winter, and when that set
‘time comes around, he is generally ‘‘on
deck.” Most of our winter visitants

(notice, I distinguish between winter
visitants and permanent residents) are
erratic and irregular, but the Northern
Shrike is as sure as the calendar, and
that worthy piece of literature cannot
cover the time between January 25th
and February 5th, without bringing us
the Shrike. —

This is his particular time, but he is
frequently seen at other times during
the winter also. For example, in 1887,
a pair of these birds remained in the
outskirts of the village all through Jan-
uary and well along into February,
when I lost track of them. Their be-
loved locality seemed to be along the
main street leading into the country
toward the west, and the English Spar-
rows which took up their abode about
the farm houses just out of town,
had oceasion to keep even more vigilant
watch of them, than I myself. Ihave
also noted these Shrikes on November
1ith and Decemuer 16th, showing that
they are herein the early part of the
winter as well. But as to their spend-
ing the entire winter here, that depends
I think, on the kind of winteritis. In
severe weather, they must go consider-
ably further south than this. One thing
is certain, however, theiroccurrence
previous to January 25th, is not nearly
so commonas their occurrence after that
date, for they may be depended upon
about the time that January lapses into
February.

This year, the first Shrike was seen
Jan. 31st. They seem to be coincident
with those bright, sunshiny winter days
we always get about that time.

The notes of the Northern Shrike are
I think, worthy of more consideration
than they generally receive. They ap-
proach more nearly to a song, in my
opinion, than the notes of the White-
rumped species which spends the sum-

96 THE OOLOOIST.

mer with us. Most ornithological wri-
ters say but little about the notes of the
Shrike, passing over them as unattrac-
tive and unimportait; but to me, ws I
hear them from some tall tree-top of a
winter’s morning, they constitute a
warble, which is, indeed, sweet, pleas-
ing and somewhat continued.

Perched on the very topmost twig (as
he always does) of some tall tree by the
roadside, giving vent to his peculiarly
entertaining warble, on some bright,
crisp, February morning; he is, indeed
a pleasant feature of our winter land-
scape.

But the’most interesting of his per-
formanees, is (o watch him as he pur-
sues some unlucky sparrow, diving
madly at him and generally catching
him and pecking out his brains,—ap-
parently from pure spite.

Be that*as it may,—I know oF no
bird brains that we can better spare
than those of Passer domesticus, and so
Isay ‘‘Long live the Shrike from the
North.”

NEIL F. Posson,
Medina, N. Y.

Horned Grebe on St. Clair Flats.

In the December} O6LoaIst, Mr. Da-
vidson: of this city criticises my article
on the Horned Grebe and says that they
do not?occur in this Joeality. In a re-
cent letter, Mr. J. Claire Wood, of this
this city, says “I have often watched
these Grebes through a strong opera

glass, and noticed that they frequent

deeper water, are more expert divers,
and faster swimmers than the Pied-bill -
ed species. Their. nests are nearly
similar, but the eggs average larger.”’
Mr. Wood is well acquainted with the
ornithology of this region, and | can-
not do better than refer Mr. Davidson
to him. Nearly all authorities give the
St. Clair Flats as a breeding place for
this Grebe. Rev. Langille. in “Our
Birds in Their Haunts” speaks about

them there, and T. Mellwraith in the

“Birds of Ontario,” found them there.

The coming season, I hope to take a
few more sets of their eggs from this
vicinity.
B. HS
Detroit, Mich.
Report of the Secretary of the W. N. Y. Nat-
uralists Association.

On February 3, 1892 was held a meet-
ing of the aforesaid society in the Court
House at Rochester, N. Y. At the busi-
ness meeting the following was dispos-
ed of.

T. R. Taylor, of 90 William St., Roch-
ester was elected secretary and treas-
urer in the place of E. B. Peck resigned,

N. F. Posson, Medina; G. F. Guelf,
Brockport and T. R. Taylor, Rochester
were appointed a committee to draft
objects of the Association for publica-
tion.

Moved that for one year members
will be admitted on the recommenda-
tion of any active member. Passed.

In the evening papers from B. §,
Bowdish, Talapoosa, Ga., Dr. A. G,
Prill, Springville, N. ¥. and Hee
Short, Chili, N. Y. wereread. Exhibits
were made by T. R. Taylor, Rochester,
N. F. Posson, Medina and KE. H. Short,
Chili.

Brockport, N. Y., Oct. 6, 1892.
T.R. TAYLor,

Secretary,

World’s Fair Notes.

The Province of Ontario, Canada,
will make an extensive mineral exhibit,

Mr. S. J. Hunter, of Nevada, Mo.,

Altogether we had a good meet: _ :
‘ing and hope to have a better one at

Pe

has a collection of over 11,000 varieties -

of woods, petrifications, ete., which he
purposes exhibiting at the Fair.

A herd of live elk will be taken from
Idaho to the Exposition. In the Mon-
tana exhibit will be shown about 100
specimens of wild animals and birds,
native to that State,
skilled taxidermist.

M

and set up by @ —

x

¢
i

in

THE OOLOGIST. - ; a

A Vacation with the Birds.

For the past three or four years I
have heen studying the ways of our
birds. My summer vacations and the
spare hours I chanced to have in spring
and fall were spent in tramping over
the country surrounding the village
in which I lived. ;

With spy-glass and note book, I have
enjoyed many a day in some secluded
spot studying the habits of rare species;
for this reason I have always looked
forward with pleasure to the time when
books could be laid aside and I would
be free thus to enjoy myself.

The past summer, however, being
tied down to my books, most of my time
Was spent in study in a rustic seat,
which was placed under an arbor form-
ed by a few fruit trees in the rear of our
village lot. Here I whiled away most
of the pleasant days, keeping an eye
open, meanwhile, for any birds that
might chance to visit me.

The very first day I was greeted by
that mimic, the Catbird. There were
two of them and as they made them-
selves very conspicuous I was led to be-
lieve a nest must be near the place.
Near a fence, which ran close by, was an
elder bush, in it I founda nest, rudely
constructed of shrels of bark, weed-
stalks, and dried leaves, which contain
ed four young Catbirds. I could sel-
dom make a move while sitting in my
seat without the old birds seeing me;
on:such occasions they would utter
their loudest cries, thinking perhaps, I
might insome way harm their brood.
The old, and I think the young, subsist-
ed at. first on insectivorous food,
but as the young were getting ready to
leave the nest, and for a period after
they had left it, small fruits formed
their principal food. The young left
the nest one dayin June, and what a
commotion the mother bird kept up
the while! Itsvemed as if she did all
she could to tell the old cat some dainty
morsels of food were to be had, for, sad

to say, one youngster paid the price of
his mother’s foolishness before I could
interfere. The other three birds re-
mained in the apple tree. They often
staid in one tree for hours, and were
fed continually by the old birds. They
grew strong fast and in a short time
could move around from limb to limb
with comparative ease, but every now
and then my eyes would be drawn from
my book by a queer fluttering and
chirping in the branches overhead, tell-
ing plainly that a young bird had aimed
too high and missed its perch.

As the young grew larger, it was
hard, sometimes, in the subdued light,
to distinguish the old from the young,
but, I do not think the young remained
long after the cherries were gone which
was about the 19th day of July. I saw
them occasionally, though, until the
fifth of August.

A pair of Wrens had a nest in a tin
can which had been fastened to one of
the largest limbs of a crab apple tree.
During the first week of my stay a
fight eusued between them and a pair
of English Sparrows, the latter coming
off victorious.

The sparrows tore out part of the
old nest, as it nearly filled the can, and
built a new one, but just as the young
were hatched they were killed by some
Bronzed Grackles. The Wrens, upon
being driven out, built anew nest in a
shed near by. They often visited me
under the trees, and at such times
would perch on the fence or a limb and
with tail drooping and head raised they
would pour out the most melodious
music I have ever heard, When sing-
ing the male would almost ‘‘bubble
over,” it isa wonderful song for a bird
of its size.

Once in a while the cat would spend
an hour or two under the trees, but as
soon as the Wrens became aware of her
presence their music would be turned
into loud scolding, which would last un-
til 1 removed the cause.

98 _ THE OOLOGIST.

A pair of Robins had a nest in an
e~ergreen tree a few rods from my seat
and the young, which were leaving the
nest when I discovered them, gave me
a great deal of amusement for a few
weeks. Like the Catbirds, they were
awkward when learning to fly: and of-
ten tumbled nearly from the top to the
bottom of a tree before they could gain
a perch, only being saved from injury
by the dense foilage. They, the same
as the Catbirds, had trouble with the
house eat, but none, a; far as I know,
were caught by her.

The young vere fed with worms
from the garden, soon taking to cher-
ries, however. Early in the morning
and at sunset the old birds would sing
me their finest strains, but after the
first week or two it was only in snateh-
esas it. was getting very warm, they
were ragged in appearance, and the
young took a good deal of their time.
I often heard the young at four o’clock
in the morning and as late as eight
o’clock in the -evening, but as their
wings grew in strength I would see less
and less of them.

After the middle of July, I seldom
saw them, but I thing on the 8th of
August the entire brood paid me a
visit, though I am not certain whether
it was the same one or not.

The second day under the
noticed, while looking up dreamingly
from my book, a nest placed in a crotch
in the very top-most branch of one of
the apple trees. On investigation, it
proved to be a nest of that little beauty
the Yellow Warbler.

It was a gem of bird architecture be-
ing composed almost entirely of gray
hempen fibres, with a soft lining of wil-
low and thistle down. It contained a
full complement of eggs, but they had
been incubated for a time, because a
week later young birds were heard in
the nest. The old birds were generally
quiet, only uttering at times short
whistle-like notes. Most of their food

trees [

was obtained near by and they were
always conspicuous when moying about
in the branches on account of the color
of their plumage. When being fed, the
young drew my attentiom by their
chirping.

Not hearing them one day, I took a
peep into the nest and saw the sole oe-
cupant of the nest wasa Cowbird. My
suspicion was aroused and on looking:
under the tree I found the dead birds.
I was tempted to throw the Cowhbird
out at the time, but a day or two later
he had justice meted out to him, when
he furnished a meal for a flock of
Bronzed Grackles. The Grackles tried
to take the young Robins and Cathbirds.
away before this, but the old birds
fought so bravely they were forced to
beat a hasty retreat each time. The
Grackles, in their noisy manner, moles-
ted the birds in the arbor not a little
visiting it often in flocks of ten or
twelve. After the 4th of July I seldom
saw them, probably because the young
birds had fiown.

So far, most all of the events I have.
reconcal happened during the months
of June and July; by August all of the
birds, young and old, had left for parts
unknown, most likely for cooler re-
treats in the country and I only re=
ceived occasional visits from them.

On the 3d of August, however, I
received a visit from two Black-bllled
Cuckoos.
saw them at all. Their coat is a brown
color, aud as they were very still while
in the trees it was almost impossible to.
catch sight of them from where I sat.
Only once in the four days they staid
among the trees did I hear their low
notes.

At first L was ata lossto know what
should attract these birds to my arbor,
but on the last day I solved the riddle.
A nest of canker worms had been play-
ing havoe with one of our cherry trees
and these birds had been having a feast
on them.

a3, Ci 4a
ee ER ee

It was only by chance that ] _

p
,
x
4
r
j
:
4
‘
a

THE OOLOGIST. 99.

Although these are not all the birds,
that visited me under the trees, they
are the ones, with the exception of the
Cuckeoos, which shared the little re-
treat with me for a month and a half.

The Searlet Tanager, the Rose-breast-
ed Grosbeak, the Baltimore Oriole,
and many of the common birds, as
Pheebe, Brown Thrasher, Blue-bird,
and Wood Pewee, visited me occasionly
but only staid a short time in each ease.

To be sure during my entire vacation
which ended on the 15th of August, I
saw no species new tome, or evena
rare one, yet it was one of the pleasant-
est outings I have ever had.

I saw more of bird life to the square
foot than I have ever seen in all my
trampings, and this all in a cluster of a
dozen trees, situated within thirty feet
of one. of our principle village streets.

EDWARD P. CARLTON,
Wauwatosa, Wis.

>—~< <p>

The Ibises of Ledworth Lake.

Lying about fifteen miles south of the
growing and prosperons city of Gaines-
ville, the county seat of Alachua Co.
Florida, is a body of water two miles
long and about as wide.

Like many other Florida lakes this
one has neither inlet nor outlet, except
in the late snmmer when, being swollen
by the numerous rains of the rainy-
season the water of Levey Lake lying
one half mile to the north overflows its
marshy bank aud the water finds its
way through asloughinto Ledworth
Lake.

The lake is surrounded on three sides
by a thick growth of hammock trees,
among which are oak, hickory, magno-
lia, a few pines, and occasionally a cab-
bage palmett». The woods on the south
side however are much more open as
the pine forest here comes down almost
to the water. On all sides the trees are
hung with tassels and long festoons of
Spanish moss, which hanging graceful-

- ly from the huge live-oak limbs,

gives,
to the collector who views them for the
first time, that sensation of pleasant ex-
pectaney which always accompanies
one upon approaching a ‘‘new field.”

The water of the lake as a rule is
shallow and around the borders is a
thick growth of bushes and tall grass,
while out in the deeper water patches
of bonnets and lily pads are everywhere
in sight. Jong stretches of prairie are
found in places along’ the shore. On
the south-west side in a gigantic pine is
the domicile of a Bald Eagle which for
year's has there annually hatched its
young and fed them with fish captured
from a neighboring Osprey or victims
from the ever present flocks of Coot or
Gallinule.

Around this lake is the feeding
grouuds of thousands of herons and
other water birds. Hereit is that in
July the Wood Ibis after having raised
its young in the cypress swamps be-
yond the Suwannee, accumulate in vast
flocks to spend the summer.

Here itis also that the White Ibis,
leaving their breeding grounds among
the dark eypress trees come to make
merry with others of their tribe. While
both varieties are usually met with in
considerable flocks, the Wood Ibis by
far outnumber their little cousins. In
a single flock may oftimes be seen as
many as two or three hundred. Once
in July while camping near L¢dworth
Lake a flock of Wood Ibis startled from
some cause, probably from the firing of
a gun, suddenly took wing from a little
island perhaps half way across the lake
and the sound of their wings borne
across the water was like the rumbling
of thunder or the distant roar of cannon.

There must have been at least a thou-
sand individuals in this one flock. La-
ter in the day as a small detachment of
the main body flew over me, I succeed-
ed in bringing down one of the noble
birds, but it fell in a marshy place and
I was unable to procure it. They do

100 THE
not to my knowledge nest auywhere
within the limits of our County.

A nest found by a friend of mine in
the latter part of March was placed on
the horizontal limb of a eypress tree in
a swamp in Levey County, about seven-
teen miles south-west of Archer. The
nest was twenty feet from the ground
and contained two young birds. He re-
ported finding no other nests though a
number of birds were seen in the im-

mediate vicinity of the nest.
I was told by a ‘‘plume hunter” that

in a cypress swamp about twenty miles
from New Troy he had found hundreds
of [bis breeding in company with a col-
ony of Egrets which he and some
“)rothers-in-murder” had almost anni-
hilated for their plnmes.

The Wood Ibis is known in many
plaees of Florida by the name of ‘‘Iron-
heads” and ‘‘Gannets.”’

The White Ibis when appearing in
the summer for the first time is not that
beautiful white bird with bronze tip-
ped wings which we are so accustomed
to see. In fact the young birds present
quitea different appearance than the
old birds. Instead of being white they
are a dull brown color above, with a
conspicuous white rump and whlte
under parts, bill long and yellowish.

Sometimes the young will be found in
company with the old birds but oftener
perhaps they may seen in small
flocks by themselves. I have never
found a nest of the White Ibis but they
undoubtedly breed in immense numbers
in the dark recesses of some of our cy-
press swamps. It is a pleasure to
watch each summer for the appearance
of the Ibis on Ledworth Lake, and not
uncommon isit for them to bring in
their company a Roseate Spoonbill.
By watching a flock in this way it was
that I was enabled to obtain my first
‘specimen of this rare and beautitul
bird.

be

T. G. PEARSON.
Archer, Fla.

OOLOGIST.

Notes on the Whip-poor-will.

This very interesting bird is quite
common in this locality.
of May to the middle of June the eyen-
ing air resounds with the notes of this
bird; after this they are less frequently
heard. During this time they come in-
to our yards and they will even alight
on the roof of the house, utter a few
notes and fly quickly and noiselessly
away.

They seem to frequent river valleys
rather than districts of high altitude.
In a mountain town adjoining its notes
are hardly if ever heard. A man _ that
was a resident of that town for sixty
years never heard the Whip-poor-will
but once while he lived there.

One evening I thought I would count
the number of times it uttered its call,
whip-poor-will, without stopping. I
accordingly crept up to a bird and pre-
pared to listen. I was surprised at the
result. It would frequently utter it
eighty or a hundred times and once I
counted nearly two hundred times the
bird uttered it without a break.
bird kept flying from place to place but
it did not get out of my sight.

On the 24th day of May, 1891, while
walking ina small grove of pine trees
along the bank of a river, a Whip-poor-
will started from under my feet, flew a
short distance, alighted on a limb and
looked atme. I thought probably there
was a nest near by, aud began to hunt
foritin earnest. There was a small
pile of brush at my feet, and I thought
it wouldbe as likely to be there as any-
where.

I walked around it, stepping careful-
ly so to be sure not to break the eggs.

I did not find them there, and made
my cirele larger, and so on until I came
to the conclusion that there were no
eggs there and started off. I had tak-
en but a few steps when I happened to
look down and there I saw an egg ly-
ing in front of me. Now the question

From the first -

The

Fee ee

x

THE OOLOGIST. 101

came to my mind whether I should
take the egg or wait until the bird laid
another and run the risk of finding
nothing when I came back. I thought
Thad rather have one egg than none
and IT had rather have two eggs than
one. IJ marked the spot and concluded
to run the risk of losing the egg.

Two days later my twin brother and
Treturned to the spot and found the
bird on the nest. We walked up with-
in less than a rod of her before she flew;
she alighted on a limb about a rod off
and watched us, chipping, twitching
her tail and moving her head back and
forth. The eggs were creamy white,
spotted, mostly at one end, with differ-
ent shades of brown. Their dimensions
were very nearly alike being about 1.25
by .87 inches. They laid on a bed of
pine needles, with which the ground
was covered, without an apology for a
nest and ina little eleared place be-
tween two saplings.

May 3ist two village boys accidental-
ly found another nest while roaming in
the woods and brought the eggs to me
to have me tell them what they were
and to blow them. I managed to trade
for one of them; the other I could not
get.

When I found my Whip-poor-will’s
nest I was not thinking of the directions
which M. C. White gave for finding
them, given in the April and May Oolo-
gist, but I shall try that way next sea-
son, and I hope with success

Cuinton D. Howr,
Newfane, Vt.

as

The Black Rail in Franklin Co. Kan.

As comparatively little is said in our
natural history papers conceruing the
nesting habits and eggs of this very
rare and interesting little bird, perhaps
my limited observations might be of
some interest to the readers of the Col-
lectors’s Friend—THE O6LoGIsT. On
the 20th of June 1890 while collecting

different varieties of eggs ina swamp,
my attention was attracted by a hissing
noise near my feet, not unlike the noise
made by a Brown Thrasher when star-
tled from her nest, and immediately a
little black bird, almost exaetly resem-
bling a “Mud Hen” only a great deal
smaller, flew up out of the high slough
grass and lit a shortdistanceaway. I
knew. by her action that she must have
a nest close by, and Iimmediately com-
menced trying to find it. After search-
ing about ten minutes ] found the nest
and it was the prettiest oological sight
I have ever seen before or since. There
firmly attached to the grass about eight
inches above the water was the nest,
about the size and shape of a large co-
coanut; and resembling the nest of the
Meadowlark, excapt that the entrance
instead of being in the side was about
midway between the side and top.
The nest contaiued ten eggs, very slight-
ly incubated, cream colored, speckled
chiefly about the larger end with bright
reddish browu specks, some being as
large as a pinhead and averaged 1.06x
8). My second and last nest was found
on the 27th of the same month, in a
swamp, distant about three miles trom
the first one, and contained six fresh
eggs like those of the first, except that
the spots were a trifie larger. The nest
was deserted, having been washed over
by high water, and some of the eggs
were probably washed away.

I hunted for more eggs in the same
and other marshes last season, but was
not successful because of continued wet
weather which kept the swamps con-
stantly flooded.

IT hope to be more suecessful this sea
son as the birds are quite numerous in
this particular locality.

I would like to hear more through
the columns of the OdLOGIST concern-

ing this bird.

Mito W. Kiss,

Prineeton, Kansas.

102

Albino Eggs of the Long-billed Marsh.
Wren.

I wish to correct an unintentional
error in the Secretary’s report of the
‘Ornithologists Association in which he
‘quotes Professor Ridgway and Captain
Bendire as pronouncing the white set
of Long-billed Marsh Wren eggs which
I took last spring as ‘‘a great freak of
nature.”

What they did say was “‘it was an ab-
normal set, and unusual,’’ since the
above was printed; several collectors
have notified me that similar sets have
been taken in this vicinity, a number of
which arein the Smithsonian Collect-
ion. In writing this I wish to correct
the wrong impression given Mr. J.C.
Wood in notes in the OdLoGisT for Feb-
ruary he is evidently unaware that the
coloring matter in freshly laid eggs can
to a great extent be removed by wash-
ing and that nearly any divergence
from the type egg may be produced by
soap and water.

Variations in coloring and markings
are found occasionally in all eggs and
it would be incorrect to pronounce any
such occurences as ‘‘a great freak of
nature” when they are found to occur
so commonly.

E. J. BROWN,
Washington, D.C.

[In 90 we obtained a series of about
one hundred specimens of the Long-
billed Marsh Wren from one of the
Professors of the University of Michi-
gan, in this series there was at least
half-a-dozen specimens that were either
white or creamy, or dirty white, about
one-half of which were very sparingly
marked with adark color. Most of
these specimens, especially the unmark-
ed ones were decidedly ‘‘abnormal” the
shell being rough. Perhaps I might
say undoubtedly these “abnormal” or
“albino” sets were produced by birds
whose first, and possibly second and
third sets were taken or destroyed; some

THE OOLOGIST.

enterprising oologist will no doubt
solve this problem for us by a series of
experiments during the ensuing sea-
son. nos
Our Friend Brown’s remarks relating

to the washing of eggs are not applica:

ble to an oologist with the experience
of Mr. Wood and this paragraph would
have been stricked from the MSS. had
we not considered it of value to our
younger readers. Mr. W’s washing the
spots off these lightly marked specimens
was simply experimental.—ED. |

The Ghewink in St: Lawrence Co-aeaeans

I have been interested in the Chewink -

question of late in the OdLocGisr. The
bird is very rare here. In the spring
of ’87 I found the nest of the first birds
of this species that I had ever seen.
Later in the season I found another
pair, evidently with young, in the same
locality of the previous find. I have
seen none of these birds since. In both
of these cases the birds seemed to choose
rough, scrubby uplands that had been
only recently chopped over. They were
within easy distance of low lands
threaded by a small trout stream fring-
ed with tag alders. When I found the
nest of the first pair the female’s alarm
note brought the male in a bustle of ex-
citement from among the alders some
distance off. That was the only time
that I noticed them frequenting the
lower ground. Doubtless they did so,
though for I was able to study their
ways much less than I desired because
of the distance they were from my
home.
Mark MANLEY,
St. Lawrence Co., N.Y.

Notes from Nova Scotia.

E. A. Samuels says that “the Semi-

palmated Plover breeds generally. in
the most northern parts of the contin-
int.” Ihave been so fortunate, though,

’
)

THE OOLOGIST. 108

“as to find two nests with full comple-

ment of eggsineach. The first one I
found about five years ago, before [had
commenced collecting. It was simply
a slight depression in the sand, in a
long sand beach which had been thrown
up by the waves.

The second nest, found: this last sum-
mer, was better placed, being situated
in a small clump of trailing evergreens,
which would completely have hidden it,
had I not been searching on my hands
rand knees. In both cases the birds
showed the greatest distress. In the
last case the birds followed me fully a
mile along the beach trying to lead us
still farther from the nest though the
eggs were safe in my box. I have not
the eggs with me at present, but I think
they are almost identical to those of the
Spotted Sandpiper. On the day of find-
ing, July ist, eggs were far advanced.

July 21st was also a lucky day for me
While walking along an old road, I saw
a small stump in which was a_ hole
where it looked asif a knot had been
pulled out. Walking up and peering
in I was astonished by the flying out of
va small bird. On looking, there were
five eggs. Not knowing bird, I left
them promising myself a return the fol-
lowing day. Though rainy, I found
the place and creeping up placed my
‘cap over the hole. After some difficul-
ty I caught the bird, which [recognized
as the Hudsonian Tit. JI secured the
‘egos and have them home at present.

I have also been fortunate in finding
three nests of what I suppose is the
Red-breasted Merganser. I do _ not
Asmow very much’about the markings of
the bird, except that it has a red or
«chestnut colored head. The eggs were
laid on the ground, in ong case under a
small spruce, in other two cases among
weeus near fallen trees. The eggs are
about two inches long, and are of a yel-
lowish color. Perhaps you could tell
me what they are for [ cannot find out,
net being able to shoot the birds.

A. C. Jost,
Wolfville, N.S.

Scientific Names, Their Use and Beauty.

When one has the charming self-con-
fidence to give, deliberately, the wrong
definition for a scientific term, he be-
comes afiusiug. In the November ’91
ObLoetst I find the following: — “

“He (the Towhee) gets his name,
Erythrophthalma;, Erythrops, Red, and
thalmay, eyes, the Greek for “red eyes”
etc.”’ ,

Now this is so palpably wrong that
it isno petty criticism if one ventures to
say, that Hrythrophthalma is from Hry-
thros, Red, and Ophthalmas eye, a de-
vivative from the simple root Ops,which
primarily means, face.

This charming little blunder calls to
remembrance the beautiful force and
accuracy of the scientific terms used in
Ornithology. The writer has never
ceased to admire that union of learning
with poetic insight which guided the ven-
erable fathers of our dear science in the
christenings of the birds; whom they
studied not for fame, but for love.

It requires no learning and little ef-
fort to quote, in brackets, the scientific
name of every bird that may be causual- ”
ly mentioned in a single article treating
of bird life, but to give that name, at
first, was a work of genius.

The trinominal system of nomencla-
ture, is an admirable invention,and nice
in its resources for classificationy The
Generic name gives the group of forms
that are joined by a few striking and
constant likenesses, the specific name
marks the forms that are still more
closely allied to one another, within
this group, while the sub-specific title
characterizes those that are separated,
in their relationships by very few and
often subtle points of difference.

There was a ‘‘reunion”’ of the ‘‘Smith
clan,” the other day. Numerous among
these were the ‘‘Smythes,” of Gargan-
tua county, while Among these, none
showed a more striking uniformity of
family likeness than the blonde ‘de

104

Smythes” of the town of Alba. Gener-
ic, “Smith,” specitic, ‘Smythe,’ sub-
specific, ‘“de Smythe.”

Let us go back to the birds: No scien-

tific name was more beautiful—despite
its cumbersomeness, which latter ac-
count, perhaps, for the labored flight of
the bird, than that of the Black Tern,
which name originated, I think, with
Gmelin, ‘‘“Hydrochelidon,” gives us a pic-
turesque, poetical name for the whole
genus of “Sea-Swallows,” ‘Lariformis”
denotes the species that is ‘‘gull-shaped
in structure; ‘‘Swrinamensis” limits the
sub-species connected by it. I fancy,—
to the particular locality where it was
first observed.
present imperious demand for terseness
should have strken out the specific
Lariformis —which is both poetical and
precise, and substituted for it the plain
prosaic ‘ nigra” for, does not everybody
know that this Tern is ‘“‘Black?”......
Itake up my A. O. U. check list and
refresh my mind concerning some of
the more beautiful ‘‘onomato poetic’’
names,—The Loon, ‘‘Urinator timber”
the ‘Storm beaten Diver.”
name for a bird which, when not in air,
is always on or under the water!
_ Large-billed Puffin, ‘“Pratercula are-
tica glacialis,” what a sociable fellow
this ‘Little Brother’ must be in his
‘Gey arctic regions.”

“Crested Auklet’’. “‘“Simorhynchws
cristutellus’—a ‘“‘snub-nosed” bird with
a ‘‘little crest.” (But how good Dr. C.
would haved railed, has he only thought
of it, at the bare latinity of ‘‘Cristatell-
ws,” as he actually did at the execrable
Greecism of ‘‘Chondestes’” (Lark Finch)
which he would have told us, had not
his book been already big enough,
should have been ‘‘Chondredestes,” or
eater of grass seeds.)

Parasitic Jaeger, “Stercorarius para-
siticus® a ‘noisy flatterer,” the full mean-
ing of the graphic hame can be known
only to those that are so fortunate as to
be able to study this bird in his haunts.

One regrets that the

What finer —

THE OOLOOIST.

Dr. Coues, who gives us a whole page
descriptive of the Jaeger’s manner of
dvess, would have conferred a favor
had he given us a paragraph on the
fellow’s convivial and social habits.

Least Petrel, ‘‘Hal-oku-ptena micro
som,” a “‘sea (dwelling) swift-winged,
little body” —little, yet big enough to be
the only one of the Petrel tribe to re-
ceive this Generic name, for the privi-
lege of bearing which, who would not
be a Petrel?

One thing, will the Doctor tell us
about the Great Auk—We know that he
Was ‘‘wingless’—‘‘Jmpennis,” but why
was he ‘‘plautus?2”

Now, like the Auk, I must lay aside
my quill. If the above thoughts have
seemed neither pedantic nor obtrusive,
perhaps the readers of the O6GLOGIST
may hear again from

BETA.

Pointers on Making Bird Skins..

The exchange notice you inserted for
mein January OdLoGist brought a great
many letters and offers of exchanges,
I have completed trades with some, and
with others, am still negotiating. One
trouble I much Jament is the poor make-
up of skins by most collectors.

The fountain head of trouble I be,
lieve to be in ihe books and papers
giving instructions on collecting. I
don’t believe any man in this age of dis,
covery and improvement, can safely
claim to have such a perfect knowledge
of practical hird skin collecting and
taxidermy, that improvement in some
detail is not possible.
person I would like to be informed of
the fact.
statements. I don’t feel presumptious
in attempting to point out what I be-

lieve to be faults in preparing skins,

and will humbly describe as well as
possible how I believe improvements

ean be made, which will render collect- |

ions of skins far more valuable, instruc:

If there is sucha

Being honest in the above”

}

i

tive and especially so much more beau-
tiful. man

All books on:taxidermy which I have
seen give a few fixedrules to be applied
to all kinds of birds, to that I take ex-
ception as well as many other points
which I shall consider later. A person
may skin a bird while it lies on a table,
or suspended as best suits the operator,
but don’t cut away the leg bones below
the knees, nor the wing bones or loosen
the wing quills on any bird great or
small,

Where it is necessary to remove flesh
from wings, a gash may be made from
outside and under the wing from where
flesh may be easily removed. Leave
all the skull possible. If you read books
written by so-called high authorities (?)
advising you to cut or break off half
the leg bones, skin the wings to the out-
er joints and remove all bone at next
joint, and cut the skull just back of the
eyes, I would say don’t do it. You
might gain time, but what you saved in
time would be deducted from the value
of your specimens and large interest to
boot. If you are ever tempted in
that way, would imploringly say don’t.
Next, How do you stulff skins? Why,
fill them with cotton, be sure and stuff
well the breast and throat so as to form
a beautiful curve from bill to breast,then
the skin is placed in a paper cone or on
cotton with its bill straight out point-
ing in a perfectly opposite direction to

its tail. Short-necked birds get their
necks lengthened and long-necked
Species get theirs shortened. Birds

having long wings have them pushed
up among the feathers each side of their
neck. All islovely and harmony reigns
why intelligent people will attempt to

improve upon the living forms of birds

Tecannot understand. It can only end
in attempt for we are not wiser than
our Creator.

Specimens haying their heads doub-
led back and, throats distended with
cotton always make me feel painful

THE OOLOGIST. 105

and distressed and remind me of a

scared toad ora bloated .sheep I once

saw which was lying dead with its back!
in a plow furrow. I will advance the
claim forthe art of taxidermy that its
greatest triumph, is to perfectly imitate
nature and acting upon this belief I
have deyised several methods and
plaus which possibly are not practiced
by other collectors and whereby I am
enabled to make perfect skins of owls
and other species which are difficult to
prepare.

Small birds I find most easily and
nicely stuffed by taking a little excelsior,
tow or jute and make a small roll of it
between my hands, double one end over
where itis smalland ent it so as to
leave in length; a roll nearly as Jong as
neck and body of: bird to be stuffed,
take doubled end between forceps and-
insert up birds neck and place doubled
end of tow in the birds mouth, but not
far enough to prevent mandibles from
closing naturally, now with needle and
thread, pass thread through nostrils
and tie bill closed, thus the roll is held
firmly in the birds mouth and the
length of neck can be easily adjusted.
Stuff the skin out to natural size, ar-
range wings and other feathers proper- -
ly, and place in paper cone or any
other convenient drying form where
the skin will be kept in proper form un-
tildry. If the bird is a crested species,
turn the head to one side and erect the
erest as in life. For long-necked birds
such as ducks, waders, ete. I make an
artificial body upon a wire, strong
enough to make the neck stiff and pre-
vent breakage in shipment. The body
should be nearly as long as the natural,
and as thick as the bird’s back is wide.
The artificial neck is next made, first
fasten the end of a small wire in the
body and wind it in about half inch
coils around the neck. wire until it
is brought out as far as itis necessary
to make the neck in length, and then
wind back again tothe body and cut off

193

the surplus. Cotton or tow may now
be wound on this wire until there is suf-
ficient to wind with thread, and have
an artificial neck same size as the na-
tural. Give the neck wire a three-cor-
nered point, wind a little cotton on it
to prevent its piercing the skin until it
reaches the skull, then remove the cot-
ton, and run, the wire out through the
top of the head. Next stuff skin natur-
al and sew up. The neck can be bent
to any natural curve. The mouth prop-
erly stuffed and tied shut. Wings, legs,
ete., arranged properly and slick, label
and place in dryer.

For ducks, ete., I prefer a bed of cot-
cotton asa drying form. For hawks
and owls, I usually wind with strips of
eotton or thread or place in paper cone,
then bend the protruding neck wire in-
to a hook and suspend from the ceiling.
By this plan, very natural looking skins
ean be made of hawks and owls because
the feathers of neck and head can be
kept in proper position verv readily.
The foregoing is just an outline of some
of my original plans and contrivances
in skin preparing, and if requested,
shall be pleased to go into further de-
tails and answer inquiries. I shall be
pleased to draw out criticisms and dis-
cussions upon the subject of collecting,
for I feel convinced that there is great
room for much good to be done. I have
had sixteen years experience as a taxi-
dermist and can show several first pre-
mium tickets awarded me at different
Provincial Exhibitions in Ontario. Can
also refer doubting parties to the Blind
Institute at Brantford, Ont, and also
the Can. Geo. and Nat. History Survey
at Ottawa. Canada. In both of which
institutions rests, bird’s and mammals
purchased from me. I mention the
above facts to show that I know some-
thing at least about the subject in ques-
tion. My aim is to arouse collectors to
endeavor to increase the value of col-
lections not entirely by increasing the
number of specimens, but to aim at

THE OOLOGIST.

preparing their specimens in a superior ~

manner.

Some may be more easily satisfied
with the quality and condition of skins”
than I am, but I am willing to leave my ~

opinions and plans to the verdict of the
most eminent professionals.

Though rough or smooth
Let come what will,
May progress and improvement,
Be our motto still.
JouHN A. MORDEN,
Brent Creek, Mich.

Collecting on an Huropean Islet.

There is a peculiar crispness in the

air at sunrise in northern latitude; at
least so I thought the 8th of June, 1889,
asIcame ondeck. The first rays of
day were lighting up the east, and the
air was quite chilly.

We were making for a small triangu- —

lar itland laying some 50 miles from
the French coast, now about seven
miles away, hardly a puff of wind was
co ning from the west, and it seemed as
if we would never get there, so we had
some breakfast and got out a pair of
sweeps, and soon had our light yawl
bowling along. We anchored about
200 yards from shore, the noise we
made started up hundreds of Guilli-
mots and Herring Gulls, and while the
Guillimots was around us, the Gulls
circled and uttered their harsh ery. We
were much amused by the Common
Guillemots or Murres, on rapping on
the gunwale of the boat hundreds
would sail off their rocky perches, land
in the water and there swim around
many quite near the boat, on saying
‘‘bang”’ they would disappear like a

shot coming up some 80 or 40 yards off.. -

The only diver I saw was a Red-throat-
ed Loon.

We were soon pulling for shore, there.
there was no place to beach our boat,
as the shore was one pile of rocks from
the size of a marble to that of a house

|
|

THE OOLOGIST.

that had fallen from the 500 foot chalk-
cliff; many were worn quite round by
the waves: so we had to land by having
‘Charlie rowing on awave while we
stood on the gunwale and jumped. We
‘started up cliff with baskets, I made for
agreen patch about 100 feet up while
my friend Fred made fora higher place
Ifound no nests, but Fred yelled to
‘come to him, when I got up to him he
had his basket full, on top was a set of
the finest Gull’s eggs I have ever seen,
the three was very round and almost
‘olive-green, the spots were chocolate
and the size of a dollar, he also hada

set, 4 eggs and nest of the rare Rock
Pipit which he gave me, he found them
by accident he was climbing and slip-
ped and put his hand ina hole to told
himself, out flew the bird and he look-
‘ed in and saw the nest.

We got the basket to the shore by
passing from one to the other. IJ had
Charlie row into a little cove and gave
the basket to him, he placed it in the
stern and tried to push off on the next
wave, but in stepping back to do so he
stepped on a loose plank in the flooring
which flew up and hit the end of the
basket upsetting it, only one of the eggs
escaped, one of the fine set of Gulls. I
was so mad about itI did not know
what to do.

We went up again and took about 4
dozen more we only took fine sets as I
chad plenty at home.

All the nests were simply a pile of
rank grasses. 18x8x4 inches.

The eggs varied greatly from a light
pea-green to drab and dark chestnut,
with markings of drabs, purplish drabs
lilac and browns almost to black.

High up on the ledges we found
many Common Cormorants nests most-_
ly containing 6 dirty white eggs, nests
were same as Gulls only lighter and
more compact, some had young in,
Fred saw a hole and started in but
came ont quickly saying it was the
most awful smelling hole he ever smelt.

107

I took one whiff and believed him, it
was a Cormorant’s nest and the smell
was only equalled by a good stale
skunk.

We turned our attention to the Com-
mon Gullimots, Puffins and Razor-bills.
No Puflins eggs were taken, they were
in deep holes and crannies and were
not worth the trouble. Wehad to use
ropes from the top for the Gullimots
and Razor-bills, the eggs were laid of
course on the bare rock and ran
through the usual shades of green to
creamy pink, some with many marks of
red to black and others hardly any.
While suspended like Mahomet’s coffin
between errth or perhaps sea and hea-
ven, I could not help watching the
graceful flight of the Red-footed Falcon
their young are much sought after, and
fetch about $25 a piece for falconry.

Two Ravens attracted our attention
we found their nest ina cave half way
up the cliff, it was built on the floor
and was quite a large thing nearly three
foot high and about the same width at
base it had evidently been used for
many yeal's, as a new layer and patches
had been oftenadded. It was made of
sticks and grasses.

It was late now so we packed up and
started for the yacht, we had quite a
load of eggs but did not shoot any birds
as many had young.

Twenty minutes later we were beat-
ing down channel, I had only two
hours sleep the night before so Charlie
(ook his turn, and I was soon dreaming
of the eggs I expected to collect the
next two weeks.

Harry B. SARGENT,

The Great Gray Owl.

This is the largest and perhaps rarest
of all the American Strigide, and is sel-
dom found within the boundary of the
United States, except in Washington
and Oregon. I was fortunate to secure
two specimens which were killed near

108

here in the winter of 1889, one of them
_I now have in mny collection.

This Owl is found in great umbers
in the northern and central parts of
British America: It is a shy retiring
bird living in the densest forests only
and is seldom seenin the open. It is
abont 30 inches in length with eyes and
feet greatly out of proportion to its
size, it is a day bird likethe Hawk Owl.
Its principal food is small birds and
animals, and when it lives near water;
it subsists on fish and shell fish. It is
called by the Indians of the Northwest
“Nuhl twhl” meaning heavy walker. It
nests in high trees, the nest being com-
posed of sticks and lined with down
and moss. The eggs are two to four in
number, and dirty white in color, they
measure 2.25x1.78 hundredths of an
inch.

S. O. Brusau,
Milton, Vt.

+ <a

Collecting and Collectors.

Many times my mind has been called
to the fact that many eggs and birds are
uselessly destroyed. I have on several
occasions been in the field wiih collect-
ors who persisted in collecting every
egg they came across. I have also seen
collectors who had hundreds of eggs
of our common House Finch. How
they ever prepared the data or how
they will ever dispose of the eggs I do
not know: but Ido know that many
birds have been uselessly destroyed by
them. If one is collecting sets, what is
the use of taking the only egg froma
newly made nest, which has caused the
parent bird much work and trouble?
Or why do some collectors take eggs
that are so far advanced in incubation
that they can never be preserved? |
would say to all young collectors never
take an egg unless you intend to make
good use of it; especially of the rarer
species.
When a set is collected from a small

THE OOLOGIST.

nest, the nest should be preserved with 4
the set, as it is the very best kind of 7
data and better than any book for refer~ —
ence.
Much care should be exercised in pre- ~
paring the data. Always give good ~
descriptions of the surroundings, also 4
ofthe nest, if not preserved with the —
set. Every collector should carry some —
kind of a field note book, in which to ~
write the data, when the set is collected ~
The data blank can then be neatly filled —
out at leisure. I offer this suggestion
for I ‘have known of collectors who
would not write the data for several |
days after collecting the eggs, when —
they would write them simply by guess, —
Every egg should be blown through ©
as smooth and small a hole as possible, ~
after which it should be thoroughly
rinsed with clean water. This can be
done by using a little patience and ~
good instruments, and there is now lit-—
tle reason why anyone should not pos-—
sess these requisites, if he be a true ool.”
gist. ; 4
Nowa word as to forming private”
collections and I will close. Let no set”
or sets creep into your collection unless —
they are indentified beyond a doubt by
reliable collectors. Also be sure that
every egg is strictly first-class. In or
der to do this don’t try to obtain first. 7
class eggs from a collector whom you”
know prepares only second-class ones;
but drop him at once and look for a
collector or dealer who ean furnish you ~
with specimens which you can study
with at least some degree of pleasure.
Now the collecting season is close at”
hand. Let us all strive to do better and
more thorough work in the field, thus
beautifying our collections and promot.
ing the cause of our beloved science.
ELIE EiAcrare
Riverside, Cala,

A Collecting Trip. ; 4

On the 15th of May last year, mya

te
«
*
a)
bs
“3
igs

ed five fresh eggs.

—erab-apple orchard,

“the eggs were brokea.

contained three fresh eggs.

Ked-headed

~ ehum R., and myself, started out on a

collecting trip, at nine o'clock A. M.
We tramped about a mile with no luek
but a few nests of the Song Sparrow,
until we came toa rotten Cottonwood
tree; from which we saw a Downy
Woodpecker fly. Upon investigating,
Wwe saw a hole about ten feet from the
ground, and upon climbing up, I could
not get my hand in, sol used my knife
vigorously for a half hour, when I had
the hole enlarged enough to get my
hand in. I drew out five clear, glossy,
white eggs, which were slightly incu-
bated. We then started fora group of
Cottonwood trees, about a mile away.
Upon arriving there, we found a nest
of the Baltimore Oriole, which contain-
In a vacant house
near, we obtained a nice set of flve eggs
ofthe Chimney Swift. Ilet down our
collecting-box, just below the nest and
then fastened my knife to a long stick,
and separated the nest from the chim-
ney, when the nest fell into the box,
which was filled with cotton. None of
The nest was
pat on so tightly that part of the brick
stuck to the nest. Wethen went to a
where we had
found a number of nests the week be-
fore; and upon arriving there, we found
a Red-cyed Vireo’s nest, suspended
from a small branch, at the top of an
apple tree, R. climbed up and found
four fresh eggs. Ina tree near by, we

“#nest of the Rose-breasted Grosbeak,
which contained fonr eggs,

slightly in-

cubated. Last season the Grosbeak

nests were very common; and I could

have collected at least thirty sets. On
a limb of an oak tree, fifteen feet up, I
Sawa Scarlet Tanager’s. nest, which
The
Was made of small twigs and lined with
Small rootlets. About a block away, R.
Saw anest of the Red-headed Wood-
pecker, from which we obtained five
fresh eggs. Two years avo I found a
Woodpecker’s nest, con-

nest

THE OOLOGIST.

109

taining two eggs. Taking one, I went
back the next day; and found two eggs.
I kept this up, taking one and leaving
one until she had laid 23 eggs in 25 days.
After leaving our Woodpecker’s nest
we sat down on the bank of the Miss-
issippi River, and ate our lunch. While
we were eating, | saw a Belted King-
fisher flying back and forth uneasilly.
After lunch we investigated and found
its nest about fifteen feet from where
we had been sitting. Wedug for over
an hour and a half, with the perspira-
tion pouring down our faces, until we
reached the nest, which contained seven
fresh eggs. We then measured the hole
and found it to be 7 feet 8 inches long.
The nest was a mass of fish-bones,
which smelled horribly. As it was
then nearly 5 o’clock we wended our
way homeward, and arrived there
Supper time, well pleased with our trip
WALTON MITCHELL,
St. Paul, Minn.

>

The Ruffed Grouse Burrowing in the Snow.

4

We have all heard of the curious hab-
it which the Ruffed Grouse indulges in
during the winter months; that of bur-
rowing in the snow forwarmth. Itwas
my good fortune to see this habit for
myself while out rabbit hunting on Feb.
13. While going through a patch of
woods I noticed about a dozen holes in
the snow and seeing the marks of part-
ridge’ wings at the entrances came to
the conclusion that they were the bur-
rows [had read about. Farther on in
the woods about tifteen partridge flew
from the snow in front of me, while [
stood open mouthed, watching them
depart, and wishing it was the open
season. I suppose they had all gone,
so walked on alittle farther and stopped,
I heard a great commotion and looking
down saw a partridge endeavoring to
get from under my snow-shoe, and had
I not been so surprised I could easily

have caught him.
GILBERT B. FURNEss,
Ogdensburg N.Y.

110

ZOOTOMY.
The Domestic Pigeon.

(Concluded from March number.)

Want of space will not permit us to
outline any study of the skeleton, ex-
cept merely to notice the skull. For
specimens, you should have one of an
adult, prepared by boiling for some
time, and then earefully removing the
brain and flesh; and one or two of nest-
lings of different ages, prepared with-
out boiling, leaving the bones and eart-
ilages articulated, The second will
show the different bones or cartilages
representing them, the location of su-
tures that are almost obliterated in the
adult skull, and other points of interest
which we leave the student to notice
for himself. A few skulls of other birds
and small mammals should be at hand
for comparison. Notice how light the
skull and other parts of skeleton are.
The skull appears to be designed to pro-
tect a number of delicate organs; what
are they and how is each protected?
Note shape of brain-case and cavities
for eyes; compare with other birds as
woodcock, owl, heron, ete. The large
hones back of, and between the orbits
are ths frontals. (When sutures sepa-
rating bones cannot be seen in the adult
skull refer ot that of the nestling.) Back
of the frontals are the parietals. Be-
low the frontal and parietal is the sqza-
mosal; the opening for the spinal cord
is the foramen magnum, find some oth-
er Openings through which nerves leave
the brain; below, ventral to, the fora-
men magnum is the basioccipital; above,
dorsal to, it, the swpraoccipital, and on
each side the exoccipitals; above the
supraoccipital, is a suture in the young
skull and a ridge in that of the adult.

Just anterior to the frontal are the na-_

sal bones: anterior to the nasals on the
upper part of the upper mandible are
the premaxilla; these are aukylosed
with each other in the adult skull. On

THE OOLOGIST.

the anterior edge of the foramen mag~ —
num is a small rounded elevation the —
occtpttal condyle; notice how this fits in~ —
to the cavity of the first vertebra, the —
atlas; the slender bones anterior to and —
below the orbits are the jugal bones;
these are aukylosed with the maxillae
in the adult, At the posterior end of —
the jugal is the quadrate; In the lower —
jaw-bone, forming the anterior part is. ~
the dentary; the ones articulating with —
the skull are the articuwlars; note the dit- —
ferences between these parts of the —
adult and nestling. The auditory cap- ~
sule is an enlargement of the skull near —
the foramen magnum. By carefully re~
moving the shell covering them, the ~
semicircular canals may be seen; the ©
anterior is the largest, the posterior is

at right angles to the anterior; the other ~
is known as the horizontal; in the nest- ~
ling skull several “—otic” bones are to. _
be found in connection with the audi- —
tory capsule; these are fused with other —
bones in the adult skull. You will find ©
it very interesting to note how many ’
bones in the nestling’s skull have be- ©
come fused with others in that of the ~
adult and also how they vary in size
and shape in the other skulls. The ©

above named are, perhaps, the most
conspicuous bones of the head. Of 7

course the student will not stop here, 7
but will with the aid of some good au-
thor, notice the peculiarities and loeate,
not only the other bones of the head, 7%
but of the entire skeleten. He will find 4 5

be

the pigeon full of interest from the point ©
of the bill to the tips of the toes, and a
neverending amount of profitable study
may be had by comparing parts of its
anatomy with corresponding parts of
other birds, and these with others, no~
ticing how they are yariously modified
and adapted to their particular mode of
life.
JOHN O. SNYDER,
Waterloo, Ind.

Wood Dueck, 1;

THE OOLOGIST.

Notes from St. Thomas, Ontario.

A few days previous to the 23d reb-
ruary this year being very mild and
spring like, I thought a trip down creek,
would not be amiss, to see if any of the
early birds had been tempted by the
weather.

Ou the above mentioned date, as

agreed, my friend, Mr. Orville Foster,
ealled for me about 6:30 a.m., and we
started off for the day. ‘The first sign
of bird life we observed. was a flock of
five Red headed Ducks, from which my
friend shot one, and wounded another,
which he was unable to obtain, on ac-
count of the creek being full of ice. A
Winchester being my only weapon, the
ducks passed safely by me.
_ Tappend a list below of the birds seen
during the day. There is one bird,
however, that deserves particular no-
tice, and that isa.specimen of the Great-
er Yellowlegs, which was shot bya boy,
who was some distance ahead ofus. As
arule this bird never appears until
about the 15th of April. Another bird
ahead of time, wasthe Bronzed Grackle,
two of them being observed.

Bald Eagle, 1; Red-tail Hawk, 1,
Red-headed Duck, 5;
Am. Merganser,2; Pied-billed Grebe, 1;
Kingfisher, 1; Greater Yellowlegs, 1;
Quail, 20; Meadow Lark, 3; Robin, 1;
Crow, 2; Blue Jay, 20; Bronzed Grackle,
2; Snow Flake, 50; Flicker, 5; Red-head-
ed Woodpecker, 1; Downy Woodpeck-
er, 1; Redpoll, 20; Brown Creeper, 1;
Golden-crowned Kinglet, 1; Black-cap-
ped Chickadee, 10; Red-breasted Nut-
hatch, 1; White-breasted Nuthatch, 10;
Song Sparrow 3; Junco, 20.

Beli RARUBY.

ot

Prepare Your Specimens Well
Many young collectors when begin-
ing to collect eggs,especially if the eggs
ard of a common variety, blow them
hurriedly, making a large hole in the

111

side, and sometimes chipping the eggs,
—these are good enough to exchange,

they think, but they expect good speci-

mens in return. Other collectors will

send out incubated eggs as ‘“‘first-class.”

They can be incubated and _first-class—
if they are blown properly, but the ma-—
jority of collectors don’t take the time
to empty the contents out of a small
hole. Ifyour time should be so oceu-
pied that you cannot bother with blow-

ing them in this way, don’t send them

away as first-class specimens but des-

eribe them as they are and, should the

party care for them, its not so bad—he

knows what to expect and is not disap-

pointed.

Not long ago two local collectors
were looking through my collection
and made a remark that the specimens
were neatly prepared. I then showed
them a few sets that I keep in a sepa-
rate case, that were received from a few
well-known collectors. One set came
from a ‘would be dealer’. I asked them
what they thought of that set—one said
“the holes are larger than the eggs,”
the other remarked ‘‘the birds in them
must have been old enough to fly.” If
the eggs are very much advanced in in-
cubation, 1 would advise the young
odlogist to let them hatch. They will
do the birds more good than you-

T agree with Rev. Peabody as to his
rule adopted (see November OdLoGistT)
when collectors send you eggs, not first
class, they should pay for the return
postage for a second-class set in a nice
collection of eggs, spoils the effect of
the whole thing to my eye.

In bird skins it is also well to take
enough time and make a nice job. Bet-
ter have a few fine specimens than
many poor ones, so wake up during
season of ’92 and prepare your speci-
mens correctly, then, when you send
them out as “‘first-class” you will have
a clear conscience, for as the Dutchman
says, ‘‘A clear conscience vas more as
worthy as a barrel of succeed.”

CLYDE L. KELLAR,
Salem, Oregon.

12 i THE OOLOGIST. .- .~

February Prize Article Contest.
The articles in February _OSLOGIST
were all very mevitorious and we agree

with the eighty-three. ($3) judges, who.

sent in their decisions, that it was in-

deed a difficult task to select and group
five articles from so many excellent
ones.

The articles winning the prizes and
the eredits received by each were as
follows:—

1. Collecting on the Farallone Is-
lands.—333.

2. Zodtomy.—188.

3. A Day’s Trip for Bald Eagle Nests
in Florida.—166.

4. Partridge’s and Their Relatives—
158. 5

5. Our Winter Vistors.—108.

Nine other articles received credits
ranging from 2 to 83 each, as one of
these nine articles received as many
credits as there were judges—83 we
deemed it proper to award a 6th prize
to the “Black-throated Bunting.”

None of our j dges gave their decis-
ions exactly as the prizes were awarded
—Four of them, however, named the
prize winning articles and to these four
we awarded the tirst four judges prizes
—awarding the first prize to the list
nearest correct, and the others in like
manner. In cases of doubt the earliest
list receiving the benefit of the same.

Several judges named four of the
winning articles, and the fifth judges
prize was awarded: to the one whose
non-winning article received the great-
est number of credits.

The successful judges, their recorded
number, and the order in which they
named the articles in their decisions
were as follows:—

1st. No. 45.—C. €. Bacon, Nashville,
Tenn., 1, 3, 2, 4, 5.

8nd. No. 5.—W. C. Mcrrow, Colum-
bus, O., 1, 2, 5, 4, 3.

3d. No. 19.—I. D. Witherspoon, Jr.
Richmond, Ky., 2, 4, 3, 1, 5.

Ath. No. 72.—Briscoe W. Peyton,
Natural Bridge, Va., 2, 3, 1, 5, 4.

oth, No. 78h) We Hyde? Soon,
IN no BUG 4

All the prizes were mailed the win-
ners on April Ist.

+ <>

Chewinks in January.

January 6, 1892. While out hunting I

startled a Chewiuk o1f of a brush-beap |

-in the edge of a large piece of woods,

‘following the word ‘‘Expires,” another ~

I shot the bird for purposes of identifi-
eation and preserved the skin. a
Two wood cutters in an adjoining —
piece of woods, told me that they had
seen two more Chewinks a few days be- — :
fore. As the weather was quite cold —
and the ground covered with snow, I
was uch surprised to find this bird.
I would like to know if others have
found the Chewink wintering as far
north as this.
B. O. LONGYEAR,
Mason, Mich.

+ <>

Ornithologists Association.

SECRETARY'S REPORT.

At the January meeting, V. W. Cady, ~
Muskegon, Mich., and Thos. W. Smith-
wick, Walke, Bertie Co., N. C., were
elected Corresponding Members.

At the February meeting the follow-
ing Corresponding members were elec- —
ted: James A. Booth, Kalispell, Mont; —
W.F. Dealing, 1211 N. Aldrich, Ave:
Minneapolis, Minn.; D. Frank Kellar,
Reading, Pa.

The Secretary has mailed member-
ship cards to all paid up members and
they will please notice that, at the date

payment of dues should be made.

It was agreed to take up the special
study of the families Corvidae and Ieter-
idae for some time to come.

Migration, food, nidification and es- —
pecially economic value will be inves-
tigated and a partial repert at least is 7
hoped for from each member.

Our widely scattered membership—
can we think be made a valuable corps —
of observation.
- Further conclusions &e. on this pro-—
ject will be given next month.

ALBERT B. FARNHAM,

‘Secretary and Treasurer.

THE OOLOGIST. 113

THE OOLOGIST,

A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY.
FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.
Editor and Publisher.

Correspondence and items of interest to the
student of Bir ds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited
from all.

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.
Single Subscription = ~ 50¢e per annum
Sample Copies = - 5¢ each
The above rates include payment of postage by us.

Each subscriber is given two coupons, one good
for an Exchange Notice and the other tor 25c.
when presented with an order of $1.25 or over.
Send stamp for Premium List for obtaining new
Subscribers.

Subscriptions must begin with either January
or July issues. Back numbers cof the OoLoctsr
can be furnished at reasonable rates. Send
stamp for descriptions and prices.

("Remember that the publisher must be no-
tified by letter when a subscriber wishes his pa-
per stopped, and all arrearages must be paid.

NEW ADVERTISING RATES.
20 CENTS PER NONPAREIL LINE EACH INSERTION.
Twelve lines in every inch.
SPECIAL TtATES, for advertisements continued

PHECE MON TNSION MOTE Wer MME). isc eeces «i. 15¢
Six months or more, per live......... daddoad 1248¢
Twelve months or more, per line.............. 10¢

For advertisements occupying any one issue
One-half column (42 lines) or more, per line....15¢
One column (84 lines) or more, per line...... 12K¢
One page (168 lines) or more. per line.......... 10¢

Cash must accompany allorders.

Remittances should be made by Draft, Express
or Post Office Money Order, Registered Letter or
Postal Note. Unused U. S. Postage Stamps of
any denomination wiil be accepted for sums un-
der one dollar. Make Money Orders and Drafts
payable and address all subscriptions and com-
munications to FRANK H. LATTIN,

Albion, Orleans Co., N.Y.

*.* Articles, Items of Interesf and Queries
for ] publication should be forwarded as early in
the month as possible.

ENTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER.
a i nr

rere

Prizes for Best Articles.

We have decided to give our
patrons, each month, five prizes.
These prizes are to be awarded
to the five best articles appearing in the
O6LOGIsT in which the offers are made.

For the five articles in this (Apr) O6LO-
Gist which are the most instructive,
valuable and interesting we shall give as
follows:

1st prize—A Part of Maynard’s Birds
of Eastern North America, bound in
boards and leather.

2nd prize—Davie’s Key to the Nests
and Eggs of N. A. Birds, in e eloth.

3d prize—Same as 2d prize, in paper.

4th prize—Hagerup’s ‘‘Birds of Green-
land.”

5th prize—Leverkuhn’s :‘Fremde Eier
Im Nest.”

For the April competition we will
give a similar set of prizes,and through-
out the year the aggregate value of
these monthly prizes will not be less
than ten dollars. The value of prizes
offered this month is $15 00.

The articles entering into competition
must contain at least one hundred
words and we prefer that they do not
exceed seven hundred words, unless
they fairly teem with very, very inter-
esting facts or happenings—Remember
that ‘‘fancies,” ‘rehashes,” “sparrow
stories” and articles of a similar nature
are not solicited and will rarely be
found ‘‘available.”’

THE JUDGES: Yow have been sel-
ected to act as one of the Judges in
these Prize article contests, and your
decision must be promptly and fairly
given, and in no case later than the
10th of the month following the one on
which the O6LOGIST was issued upon
which your decision is given.

Your decision for this month’s com-
petition must be mailed us not later
than May 10th. Write on the back of a
postal card the articles which you have
decided to be the most valuable, instruc-
tive and interesting in this number of
O6LOGIsT and mail to us. Number the
articles in the which you think the
prizes should be awarded.

We have also decided to give our
Judges five prizes, one to each of the
five whose decisions are nearest the
final award of prizes and in the April
competition the Judge whose list of
five articles is the nearest the awarded
list, we will give a copy of Davie’s Key
to the Nest and Eges of N. A. Birds,
paper. 2d and 3d “each a copy of ‘‘Re-
cent Indian Wars,” elegantly bound in
cloth and gilt. 4th and 5th each a set
of Noddy. In ease of a tie, the earliest
mailed list takes the prize.

Address FRANK H. LATtTin,
Albion, N. Y.

114

World’s Fair Notes.

It is the present expectation that
every species of fish and other aquatic
animal large enough to be seen, which
is native to inland waters and to the
Atlantic and Pacific oceans, except per-
haps alive whale, will be exhibited in
the Fisheries Department of the Expos-
ition.

Instead of a reproduction of an Aztec
temple Mexico will construct a typical
hacienda, or residence of a wealthy
landed proprietor. This will be decor-
ated in a lavish manner with Mexican
fruit and flowers and archzeological and
ethnological specimens. The Mexican
exhibit will illustrate the present condi-
tion and resources and products of the
country rather than its past history.

In the Washington State exhibit will
be included a_ representation of the
methods used by the Makah Indians in
catching salmon and other fish. The
exhibit will include boats, lines, hooks,
seines, harpoons, ete.

In Colorado’s exhibit will appear a
very complete showing of the flora of
the state. Miss Alida P. Lansing, who
has been in charge of the matter, gath-
ered more than 1,000 varieties last sum-
mer, including fifteen or more which
had never been classified.

The British Royal Commission for the
Chicago Exposition is endeavoring to
form a typical collection, illustrating
British metallurgy for the British Sect-
jon, and itis now applying to owners
and managers of metallurgical works,
asking for specimens of each of their
principal metallurgical products, and
also for specimens illustrating various
processes. Dr.E. J. Ball, the instruc—
tor in assaying at the Royal College of
Science, South Kensington has under-
taken to classsify and arrange the col-
lection which when complete, will
doubtless be fully illustrative of the
condition of matallurgy in the kingdom
At the close of the exhibition the col-
lecton will be presented to an Ameri-
can museum.

Oonocist and it was mailed to

uh 8” Jis the publication number of this
subscribres on April 15th.

THE OOLOGIST.

The World’s Columbian Exposition.

Send 50 cents to Bond & Co., 576
Rookery, Chicago, and you will receive,
postpaid, a four hundred page advance
Guide to the Exposition, with elegant
engravings of the ground and buildings
portraits of its leading spirits, anda
map of the city of Chicago; all of the

rules governing the exposition and ex-

hibitors, and all information which can
be given out in advance of its opening.
Also, other engravings and printed in-
formation will be sent you as published
It wil be a very valuable book and
every person should secure a copy.

>< —<>—>—+

To The World’s Fair.

Join the club that is being organized
to attend the World’s Fair at Chicago.
You can pay for your ticket in weekly
or monthly payments; the ticket covers
railway fares, board, room and Exposi-
tion tickets. The United World’s Ex-
position Company is the strongest in
United States, apply to local agent or
write the United World’s Fair Exposi-
tion Co., N. EK. Dep’t, 406 Exchange
Building, Boston, Mass

The Oologist for 1892.

The OOLOGIST is without question the most
popular and instructive magazine, devoted
to Birds, their Nests and Eggs. ever published,
and while of special value to the Oologist and
Ornithologist, its publisher is not alone in his
belief that Teachers, Scientists, Naturalists,
and Curiosity Collectors in all departments will
find the OOLOGIsT not only worthy of their at-
tention, but of their subscriptions. On January
1892, the OOLOGIST entered its ninth volume,
and it will be the aim of its Publisher, with the
aid of its subscribers, to make it of greater
value than any preceding one. Each number
for °92 will contain twenty pages (16 and a coy-
er), and will be promptly and regularly issued
the first week of each month and will be sent
post-paid to any part of the World

For Only 50 Cents.

Every subscriber received for ’92, will be
mailed a card composed of two Coupons one of
which will entitle the person addressed, to a
free Exchange Notice, of 25 words in the OOLO-
Gist if used within one year from date. The
second coupon will be accepted by the Publish-
er of the OOLOGIST from the person addressed,
in payment foror towards anything he offers
for sale, to the amount of 25 cents providing
the goods ordered amount to not less than $1.24
This coupon is just the same as 25¢c in cash to
you if you should want to purchase anything
of us to the amount of $1.25, during the year.

Remember every subscriber received for the
OOLOGIST will receive FOR ONLY 59 CENTS.
the following:

The OOLOGIST for 392.2 = es Sie D0)
Coupon for an Exchange Notice... 25
se a 25c on $1.25 order...... 25

THE OOLOGIST. 115

For Sale Alive.

_ Twelve fine specimens of Elk, adults and year-
lings, both sexes, also one Black-tailed Deer and
‘one Virginia Deer, both females, and all from
state ot Washington. Parties desiring any of the
above live game please address for pariiculars,

John. A. Morden,

Sherman City, Isabella Co., Michigan.

FOR SALE.

PET STOCK,

White Japanese Bantams. Silver
Spangled Duckwings, and fancy

THOROUH BRED TUMBLERS
In all solid colors, For particulars and prices

address
R. S. LOUDON,
BIG RAPIDS, MICHIGAN

PENSIONS

THE DISABILITY BILL IS A LAW.

Soldiers disabled since the war are entitled

Dependent widows and parents now depen
dent, whose sons died from effects of army ser-
vice are included. If you wish your claim
Speedily and successfully prosecuted, address,

JAMES TANNER,

Washington. D. CG,

CARR'S NATURAL HISTORY STORE.

Sea Shells, Corals, Minerals, Bird Skins and
Eggs, Curios, Supplies for Taxidermists, Ento-
mologests, Botanists and Oologists. Taxid-
‘ermy in all Branches of the art. Gold fish and
aquarums.

©. PF. CARR,

Madison, Wis.

Late Com’r of Pensions,

OUR SOUTHERN HOME

Is the Name of a 40-page Monthly Magazine

Published at Mount Holly, North Carolina,
All persons wishing to learn all about North
Carolina, her unlimited resourses, unrivaled
climate. and unparalleled inducements offered
new settlers, also a full history of her flowers,
birds and natural curiosities, should send 5 one-
cent postage stamps for copy of OUR SOUTH-
ERN HOME and receive also our little book
entitled “The Grape, Fruit and Trucking in-
dustry of North Carolina. Address, M. H,
RIDER, Mount Holly, North Carolina.

IDENTIFICATION!

During the past few years we have cheerfully
attempted to

IDENTIFY ALL SPECIMENS

our friends have sent us, and this without re-
muneration: but owing to the fact that we are
now receiving packages by the dozen for this
purpose,and that our time is more than occupi-
ed with our regular bifsiness, in the future we
shall be obliged TO CHARGE our friends in ad
dition to return postage the following

RATHS:

Single or first Specimen 5 2 3
For each additional Specimen - -

Iocts
5cts

The above rates for identifying we think very
reasonable. Wehave spent several years in
handling and studying specimens of various
kinds, and have on hand a very large stock
with which comparison Can be made. We also
have leading works to use for reference. The
advantage of having specimens properly iden-
tified is invaluable to collectors.

Address,

FRANK H. LATTIN ALBION,N. Y,

VALUABLE OOLOGISTS.

The following No’s. of the OOLOGIST are of
special value to to every collector:

Feb. °89. Maurice Thompson’s ‘‘Red-headed

Family.”

March, ’89, ’Directions for making a Bird or
Mammal Skin.”

Nov.. ’°89, Complete List of N. A. Birds with
prices of eggs, also three pages of Oological
instruction.

Feb., (90, Complete List of N. A. Birds and the
prices of their skins.

Feb., 91, A complete description of the first 62
numbers of fhe YOUNG OOLOGIST and OOLO
GIST with price per copy, also an exhaustive
Index of Vol. VII

Any of the above COLOGISTS will be sent you
post pad for 5cts. or the entire ffve for only
1l5cts. Address

FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

116 THE OOLOGIST.

AN EASTER OFFE

We quote the following Liberal Offers until May 15th,
ON KRGGS OF THH RPOLLOWING SPRCIBRS.

Orders of 50c or over sent prepaid, under that amount 5c must be added for postage and packing 4

For $1. oe you can select Eges to the amount of ay 50

3.50
« 300 © esate: : 6.00
oe 5.00 be oa ot ob Ste 25
OOO tne i Ai : 25.00
2 > OOM. ae ce 75. Go

This offer will hold good until May 15th and is jposuenvely the only chance to ob-
tain eggs at so low a rate of us during 1892.

All specimens will be carefully packed i in strong tia or wooden boxes and sent
at purchaser’s risk by mail, or at our risk and purchaser’ s expense by express.

- SECOND-CLASS SPECIMENS can be furnished of most of the species at one-
half the price of a first-class one. Parties ordering second-class Eggs must name —
a list of extra Eggs to be used as substitutes.

SETS. We can furnish sets of species preceeded by * or ¢.

A POINTER.—Collectors well know how readily they can exchange some —
cheap egg, not found in their locality with local collectors for specimens worth —
many times as much. Many wide- awake collectors will doubtless lay in a large P
supply for this purpose.

I might also add that if your collections are in need of any species included in
offer, an opportunity to purchase at so low a rate may never occur again.

TelovaaKetol (Cnxeloe)- oe 35) x AmenicankCoobes =e 10 Texan Sereech Owl..... ae
American Hared Grebe... 25 American Avocet........... 7 California Screech Owl.....
ed -pillediGrelem sane 10 European Woodcook........175 *Great Horned Owl..........
ADipue Sel Iba 100 American Woodcock......... 125 Western Horned Owl .....
#@assin’s/Aukleth. SE OO heel vara ree ee TTT eee Sb) laiwiks © wile sees 3

lie ilewaxel (CnvNN eee eee 150 *Bartramian Sandpiper.. 40 *Burrowing Owl....

“A aleveramayes (CnbMl oo 20 *Spotted SENN a aie - 15 Groove-billed Ania see
*American Herring Gull... 20 Curlew.. So Nb Roadrunners ee ees
Wau eines Galilee eae 20 Whimbrel Eis Oh acc La _.. 40 *Yellow-billed Cucckoo.....
Arras) Galles ee 7 *(tolden OTe j 40 *Black-billed Cuckoo........
Caspiane Rennes es ae 50 sin iideerae oe 20 *Belted Kingfisher_.........
HMoOrsters Mernsen sob para LOMMBODswihite maaan nennele 10 Hairy Woodpecker._....2-
Common ern eal eee 10 *Florida Bob-white........... 15 *Downy Woodpecker,......
DANCE CuMeTmus ee SSCL NE 15 *Pexan Bob-white............ 10 *Red-cockaded Wdpker.... 1
TS IOONN A Neve al eo oes 35 *Chestnut-bellied Scaled Pileated Woodpecker ........ 1
<Bridleduile rie saamenaniall 2 00 Partridge... 50 *Red-headed Woodpecker.
‘elavle yolks Mien Lees i 12 California Partridge . iE 10 Lewis’ Woodpecker..
BNO Gl cliyce3s ee aati Telia ib Valley (Partridgess. 20 *Red-bellied Woodpecker.
*Black Skimmer... 12 *Gaimbel’s Partridge ......... 25 *Golden-fronted eae
eS ran eh Ts sans eG Se ate fan ts) Rap litexol (GHeOINS |e 15 *Flicker_. des
Cormorant, een meee mes 50 Willow Ptarmigan... 100 Red-shafted Plicker.......
*Double-crstdCormorant.. 985 Prairie Hen ............... 20 Whip-poor-will.. xsete sll
*Brandt’s Cormorant... BO Vivato Te wis esyze eee (oN hth es ees
Baird’s Cormorant....._____. 50 *Chachalaca. ...... 150 *Western Nighthawk...
*Brown Pelican... Bese) ay tAleyeyel=|oniili eval Pigeon _ pee 2 00 > *Chimmey Swale seen
Huropean Teal! 20 *Mourning Dove. ............. 03 ¥*Ruby-throated Hummer..
Blue-winged Teal ... 20 *White-winged IDYOWO. 30 Black-chinned. Humming-
Barrow’s Golden-eye..... 1 (0 Ground Dove.............. 25 bird. SAc5 5.ce ee eee 1 00
Harlequin Duck .............125 *Mississippi Kite...........10 00 Scissor-tailed Hye
American Scoter 30) 200 Mian sin teiwikes se eed Oe een ourcclie i ;
Tag biClohy IDO nt TE 50) *Cooper’s! Hawkes = 30 Gray Kingbird . =
Whooping Swan. Sb) aR lenaigp elena 75 Arkansas ‘Kingbird... rs
Whistling Swan... 250 *Red-tailed Hawk......:.;-. 50 Cassin?s Kangsbirds) esos
American Bittern... 125 *Western Red-tail......... 7 Ash-throated Elycatch aes
*Least Bittern.. Ls. 20 *Red-shouldered Hawk... 50) -*Crested Hiya
*Great Blue Heron. 25 Red-bellied Hawk... . 100 Phoeb e.. Bee
Reddish Meret... 22 40) ‘Swainsonts Hawke) {arses ip ee toayss Pheebe. viii alee eae
Little Blue Heron... 15 *Broad-winged Hawk....... 125 Black Phoebe........ cpl
RACHEL E ia ISICON. Ls oe i) WOE er 300 *Wood Pewee. $33
*Black-crnd Night Heron 10 *American Sparrow Hawk 2% *Western Wood ‘Pewee...
Yeilow-cer ndNight Heron... 25 *American Osprey......-.- 50 Acadian Flycatcher -.

lDwuoatyoy aba ut ee eh a 125 *American Barn Oil, ddeos 80 ~=Little Flycatcher... ae
eG ayes" Ripe bee ee si cuhas 20 Barred Owl.. = 100 “Trails hlycatchers=s-ess
Virginia Rail.._..._.- Peete 20 Florida Barred Owl... 100 Least Plycatcher.......--.
KS Ona ee ANY ERAN UE mee: 10NeScreech: Owl eee 4) *Prairie Horned Lark.......
*Florida Gallinule............. 12 *Florida Screech Owl......... 50 Desert Horned Lark......

5

Ruddy Horned Lark .........
*American Magpie ..........
*Yellow-billed Magpie ......
lS) CaN ie a ee ee eee
Florida Blue Jay..........
*California Jay .............
Northern Raven ..............
*American Crow. Loe
MOVTCA CLOW: «0.00. 0 oe0 ne
Northwest Crow

mush! Crow o..2
Starling.... cone
[EX Oo Ova hey a eS Sa e eEee c
Cowbird . oneal
Dwart Cowbird..
*Yellow-headed Blackbird
*Red-winged Blackbird..
Bi-colored Blackbird......
Tri-colored Blackbird .......
miteadowlark 28k
*Western Meadowlark
“Hooded Oriole._...........
ROuenard Orioles... sce s-s6
Baltimore Oriole .............
*Bullock’s Oriole ..........
*Brewer’s Blackbird
EunplG racer e202
*Bronzed Grackle .........
House Fineh.. Sane
*American Goldfinch.....-

*Arkansas Goldfinch ..... 6
*Lawrence’s Goldfinch.. .
*Grass Finch . nun evelelatele

Savanna Sparrow ..
Yellow-winged Sparr ow.
Lark Sparrow..

Western Lark Sparrow..
*Gambel’s Sparrow..... Boe
White-throated Sparrow...
Chipping Sparrow
WesternChipping BD ar Ow

Field Sparrow... on
*Slate-colored Junco_..
Black-throated Sparrow.
*Song Sparr OW Eres otiees <2
*Desert Song Sparrow.

_ *Heerman’s ‘SongSparrow
‘Samuel's Song Sparrow..
Swamp Sparrow .........
*Towhee . Merieesssee at
*Spurred Towhee ........
Oregon Towhee..

Cardin v1. eae Berane
*Texan Cardinal.. EAT a ean ea ted

*Rose-breasted Grosbeak...
*Black-hed Grosbeak...
*Blue Grosbeak........... C
*Indigo Bunting. cae
Hazuli Bunting ..........2
*Painted Bunting
Grassquit... Mu
*Black-throated Bunting et
eankes im bing... 2 eee
*Scarlet Tanager Be rae rare ate
*Summer Tanager ........
*Purple,Martin
Cliff Swallow . pk oto. elves
Barn Swallow... 0...
*Tree Swailow..
Bank Swallow . Belge RY
Rough-winged Swallow...
Cedar Waxwing............
*Phainopepla.. See
*Loggerhead Shrike | oe
White- -rumped Shrike.....
California Shrike... :
*Red-eyed Vireo
*Warbling Vireo.. on
*Yellow-turoated Vireo.
*White-eyed Vireo........

-— SBIGIAS Waa R Sosa aeeon cee
*Prothonotary Warbler...

Golden-winged_ Warbler...

THE OOLOGIST.

Nashville Vea DOE
Parula Warbler .
Yellow-Warbler -
Black-throated Blue ‘War-
bler
Magnolia Warbler .......
*Chestnut-sided War bler..
Black-poll Warbler. :
Black-throatedGrn War pir
SIRNA WENS) WAVEHO VO 2 se
Louisiana Water-thrush..
*Maryland Yellow-throat...
Western Yellow-throat...
*Yellow-breasted Chat ....
Long-tailed Chat..........
A@atbind yaar arses
*Brown Thrasher
*Texas Thrasher ..... us
*Curved-billed Thrasher. ;
F CaACbUSMWAGen ur errr a
*Carolina Wren. posters
*Bewick’s Wren.. a0 600 000s
Walerore ss WWTHEI Godoc0p05 GoD
Barr aySpWaremeery ccerscvsct
*House Wren
Western House Wren........
Tule Wren.. uy
W hite-br easted Nuthatch .
*Brown-headed Nuthatch.
Tufted Titmouse ....
Plain Titmouse... ane
aH O) AUK OL COWS) sara iobele enc ease
tCarolina Chickadee......
¢Californian Bush-tit......
SEW/GIMOUDD wocmode deacon odacdo
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher......
Western Gnatcatcher
Wood Thrush.
¢Wilson’s Thr ush .
tRusset- backed Thrush..
tOlive- backed Thrush.....
tHermit Anes Goo Ls
aN O(SRIOR YN JeKO oO 5 65 soso
tWestern Robin...........
Blue bird. Eee
Western Bluebird..
Mountain Bluebir d..
English Sparrow.. 5
¢Yellow-billead Tr opicBir d
*Man-’ o-war Bird.. aa
Canvas-back. . reas
¢ Wilson's Phalar ope. beteistars
Mountain Plover.. _ ,
Canadian Rutfed Grouse..
White-crowned Pigeon.... 2
Fla. Red-shouldered Hawk 1
Western Bobolink... 5
Bronzed Cowbird.... .....
¢Chestnut-collared epee
spur. set
+McCown’s. Longspur. Nees 1

EUROPEAN EGGS.

Ree xw

Egyptian Vulture .............. 3
Red-footed F alCon............. 1
Kestrel... PEST

(Gloyaayrayoyay IEGHRE, ae Meee ss
Bilack kate 25 63) BE so Nee
Sparrow Hawk
IWATA 1S Wee re. OY ee a
Jalon JeleWeNeye ie 2825 ene 3
Montague’s Harrier........... 1
Suort-eared Owl............2....
Tawney Owl
Swallow
Nuthatch. ....

WBE GU was niin tine reed ee ae
Fire-crested Wren....._.......
sedge Warbler
W hice throat .... pee
Lesser White-throat..__

(ChavlineHOMuigyin ee ee 15
Golden-crested Kinglet 30
[EVES Tats Piensa) tee Saree eeu 10
Wao Olney ee 10
COLEVRITMTOUSC eas eae 15
PSHE MN GIN OSC pase eee 10

White-Spoted Blue-throat.. 1 25

ByVal tr Orgies Lemuel 3 8 east Rae 25
Jeheehnaiolih ayer ee ee no . 40
Gray, Wiaietaill ee 30
NUDISISS1) MM GHA WISIN aaah sasha 15
Sxonayer ID ane UIS Ta sa 10
A Teves iin Clee ce se ee 10
ColdemOciloley se 40
Spotted Flycatcher .._.... —. LO
Picdehly Catcher es 15
Red-breasted Fly cather... 1 50
Red-backed Shrike........... 25

15

15

15

15
TROON ES, gee eo ee PE EUS 15
EMC IRCI AI Wetec ut ang sey lee 15
Starline wl (OLS e eae 10
(rOMolahayeloy Oye ge a 15
Greentinch =) 2 15
House Sparrow 05
TEIN TONG EL a ee 20
CSS I retina Mi Seal pera EN SS) 1 00
ETN bee loe. |S Me nea eS 10
IUCR SSIS IR veyoloyowbl) 35
(OIRO ESO NU oe 3 00
Chorgin Teimumnbayes [os 20
Cirl Bunting» Sete aoe oma 25

Black-headea Bunting... 5 ew)

WElilonyy Leiubowaiayer 29 25

White-winged Lark ..... 50

Calandra Lark... iifeic MU()

Short-toed Lark... 20

Green Woodpecker ea 20

Great Black-backed Wood-_ -
pecker

CuckO Ome aa
Rock Pigeon
Stock Dove ......

Iggmyayes ADXONYS) Seas la
Wurtle Dove ........ ¥
TACAC OC Kate tern eee Meee
IVC AS AMGEN ec eee a,
Guinea Fowl

Partidge

CEO rl aa ene Mee:
HKed-legged Partridge ...... 39
Barbary Partridge............ 30
(Cayo ile) Lye 60
Kock Ptarmigan. ___..._.____.. 5U
Coldenselovers= a 40
Bartramian Sandpiper...... 1 OU
Butt-backed Heron _........ 1 5U
IS TCC GIs xs als eee ulate 1 OU
Gt. White Heron .............. 1,25
Spotted Kedshank.............. 2 50
SUE lS vee A TY oh 40
W bimbrel 5U
Redshanks 35
Common Sandpiper LoS “5
CEEVE SM Cees ee ee 1 5U
WOO CIC OCT 8 5 evans 145
WViranbercaslateii lt ac le see eames Du
TE AN EOS
tGopher._....-. 35
Pytuon 2 00
Skate _. 0d
NEW Senbaa eno oosso AOOdd Cielo)

Hammerhead Shark....... 20
Fossil isn Kggs, per doz. 10
Higg Case of Periwinkle... 25
Huminingbird Nests each
1d, ¥o, 35 and d0c ac-
cording to condition
oLa Leauty

118 THE OOLOGIST.

(Pee Ee See eS SSSSSE LSS EL ESTE CST SLE ESSEC SELL SEL EL ELE LSS LEST TLE CLS LIE LS ECL S —~) 3

~ A PREMIUM BOX‘

Ap AT A SWEEPING

» Reduction in price. *

(=" NO EXPENSE HAS BEEN SPARED TO MAKE THIS THE MOST VALUABLE COLLECTION EVER OFFERED—
NOT CHEAP SEEDS—BUT BEST SELECTED FROM FINEST STRAINS: EVERY SUCCESSFUL GARDENER KNOWS
, THE INTRINSIC VALUE OF SUCH SEEDS—OFFERED AT A LOW pee SOLELY 'fO WIN SEB CUSTOMERS.

15 VARIETIES

—— + OR DEE RN Sy = —

WATERIMELONS.

Comprisins the largest, earliest, sweetest and best in?
cultivation, includin = ell the following

i
(«
5
Cuban Queen, Green and Goid, Viclx’s Darly. $
New Wixie, White Gem, Mam’th Tmenelads {
\ixtra Warly Honey, Pride of Georvia,
Kolb Gem, Christmas, Etz., ete:
a
(
(
(
¢

In separate packets these seeds would cost more than
$1.00. A:lare VERY CHOICE, grown separate and care-
‘fully mixed. Full directions on ey ery pacxct—giving best
methods of planting, cultivating, et+., to obtain the best
results, Larze Pack et. 1 cts.

etc.—is enormously productive, and will keep in the husiis ail wiutcr. Many consider them equal to
the strawberry t» eat out of hand. canis] cadquarters” seed, Pkt. 10c.
\ VEGETABLE PEACE. This beautiful vegetable—first introduced by me—is exact color, shape, and
: size of a large orange: fine for mangoes, preserves: excellent fried: and make the most dclicious sweet

‘cope HUSK-TOM ATO. This eernarieaple tcemato is Aeon for pies, preserves, tomato saad
Q

pickles evi r used. Directions for planting, also for use of fruit ete. on every packet. Pkt. 10c.
MIXED FLOWER SEEDS. A superb collection of the most brilliant and beautiful flowers—all the
old favorites, an1 hundreds of new on-s in one large package. A bed of these “Garden Treasures”—
comprising oyer 300 varieties, will be a source of constant delight the entire season. ~Pkt. 15¢,
CINNAMON VINE. A beautiful, rapid and charming climber, forming a canopy of bright green leaves
and delicate white flowers with most delightful cinnamon odor. Very popul*r, and most easily grown.
—your arbor, window, and veranda will be incomplete without this hardy climber. @ 6 bulbs. 252.
TOMATOES. 15 Varicties All the largest, newest, earliest and best. Every seed my own STON. ing and
“most carefully selected —and carefully mixed. [in’ separate packets would cost at least $1.00.] P It. 15¢,
CHARTIER RADISH. New: early, handsome, and of finest quality: a great acquisition. Pkt. 5c.
VARIEGATED POP CORN. This new variety, first introduced by me, is beyond all doubt or ques-
tion the handsomest Pop Corn ever seen; very early, immensly productive, and a splendid ig pee
~ Plant it for your children and chickens, plantit for market, plant it for your fair.
SUNFLOWERS. Giant Varieties. 5 of the largest and best sorts mixed—ALL REAL Saenieees g
give them a fair chance—astonish your fr jends—carry off first prize at your fair—and- have oe orofita-
ble supply of unexcelled egg-producing-food for your poultry. ~ 10e% a
MUSK-MELONS. 10 Varieties Mixed. A grand assortment of the best, including the ioe ‘medi,

and smallest sorts—all delicious. Worth price of entire box to every lover of fine melons.
CHOICE NOVELTIES. Each box will also contain several grand Novelties in Vegetable a Hee
seeds, of great value to every farmer and gardener. [These may be worth dollars to you.]
t=" IN ORDER TO INTRODUCE MY SEEDS IN NEW LOCALITIES: I WILL SEND ALL THE
ABOVE SEEDS AND BULBS BY MAIL POSTRAID FOR ONLY 75 CENTS, IN CASH, OR STAMPS.

PLEASE SHOW THIS TO YOUR FRIENDS, THAT THEY ALSO MAY BE BENEFITED BY GETTING A BOX AT LESS
THAN HALF ITS REAL VALUE. MY ILLUSTRATED CATALOG ACCOMPANIES EVERY BOX, <=

COCO COO '
8 (0) If the entire Premium Box is not wanted, I willmailoneormoreof 8 O
above packets (or the bulbs) on receipt of price. .
q a ‘ ~ oy SH De i
OWN BB BGG BOBO BABA SOS BARBI KK tt RAGE IRB BIER 4 EGE ‘il

I have made special arrangements with a reliable seedsman whereby I ean
give the above Premium Box of Seeds for only three (3) New Subscribers to The
O6LoGrIsT or for only $1.00 I will send it and the OdLogisT with coupons one
year. Address FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y.

THE OOLOGIST. 119

THE SIMPLEST THING IN THE WORLD.
THE SIMPLEX TYPEWRITER.

The only really Practical Cheap Typewriter ever put on the Market.

Is Rapid

Is Handsome,

and Does Weighs
Good Work 3 x One Pound.

. | = Sane A HiWe SINCUES MONG a: Can be Car-
Is Easy to —————————— Ged an ie

Coat Pocket

THE LATEST OF THE BEST TYPEWRITERS. THE CLIMAX OF
IMPROVEMENTS. THE MINIMUM Cf PRICE. DESTINED TO
REVOLUTIONIZE WRITING, AS THE SEWING-MACHINE
REVOLUTIONIZED SEWING. AS INDISPENSABLE TO
THE OFFICE, LIBRARY AND STUDY ASTHE SEW-
ING-MACHINE IS TO THE HOUSEHOLD.

This machine is not to be placed in the category with other so-called Typewriters, selling
for $1.00 and thereabouts, which are utterly useless for any purpose except that of a toy.

The “SIMPLEX” is the product of experienced typewriter manufacturers, and is a
PRACTICAL TVPEWRITER in every sense of the word, and AS SUCH WE
GUARANTEE IT.

For Business Men.—Every man whatever his business, has need of the ‘‘ SIMPLEX.” LAW-
YERS find them indispensable. MERCHANTS acknowledge their great value. CLERGYMEN
write their sermons with them. AUTHORS their manuscripts. Letters written with the ‘‘ Simplex”
are legible and neat and at the rate of FORTY WORDS PER MINUTE.

Kor Travelers.—The size and construction of the ““SIMPLEX” particularly adapts it for use
on cars and steamboats. It will:go into a box 5 inches wide, 9 inches long, and x 1-2 inches deep. Can
be CARRIED IN THE POCKET or put into a valise. Orders written with the ‘‘SIMPLEX” cannot
be misunderstood. The machine WEIGHS ONLY ONE POUND, BOX INCLUDED.

For Boys and Girls.—The “SIMPLEX” will be hailed with delight by BOYS AND GIRLS.
It will improve their spelllng and teach proper punctuation. It will encourage neatness and accuracy.
It will print in any colored ink, violet, red, green, blue or black. It will PRINT A LINE EIGHT
INCHES LONG and admit any size letter paper. The printing is always in sight. A USEFUL,
INSTRUCTIVE AND ENTERTAINING NOVELTY AT THE PRICE OF A TOY.

Nothing is of greater importance than correct forms of correspondence. The ‘* SIMPLEX”? en-
courages practice and practice makes perfect. . Writing with this machine will be such jolly fun for
your boys and girls that they will write letters by the dozen. This may cost you something for postage
Stamps but the improvement in their correspondence will well repay you.

For the Home Circle and Kindergartens.—Mothers and teachers will at once appreciate
the immense assistance afforded by the ‘‘ SIMPLEX” in teaching children the alphabet. A child can
operate the machine WITHOUT INSTRUCTION and once interested half the work is done. It prints
all the capital letters, all the figures and the necessary punctuation marks,

EXTRA POINTS.

The alignment of the “‘ Simplex’ is equal to the very highest priced machine.

It is positive in action and each letter is locked by an automatic movement when the stroke is made,

It has no ribbon to soil the fingers.

Letters written by it can be copied with a letter press.

The ‘‘Simplex”’ is mounted on a hard-wood base and put up in a handsome box with bottle
of ink and full instructions for using.

Operate.

Given with a year’s subscription to The OOLOGIST, with coupons, for only &5 cts.
or given as a premium for club of only two new subscribirs.at 50 cents each. Or will send
the entire collection or any of the pkts. upon receipt of regular price.

FRANK H. LATTIN, Publisher of OOLOGIST, Albion, N. Y-

120 THE OOLOGIST.

LYS {7
LiL EE

/

LEME BLD

SL rie 88 TO 92 KHUGHLID AVB., ChLAVALAND, O.

Milt,
Gi

The Greatest Business University in America; over 1800 students attended last year, more
than twice as large anattendance as all other business colleges in Cleveland combined ;more than
1000 students who attended last year are now holding good positions. The Euclid Ave. Business
College employs a corps of 40 men, nearly one-half of whom have formerly been college presi-
dents. With such a faculty is it any wonder that its’ graduates are sought by business men.
183 Graduates received diplomas at our last graduating exercises: of that number 175 were hold-

ing good positions within 30 davs from that date.

Nearly 300 will receive diplomas at our next

annual commencement. Send for circulars or call at the main office, (0 Huclid Ave. Telephone

No. 536, M.J. CATON, Pres.

N. B.—We have branch colleges in Buffalo, N. Y., and Detroit, Mich.
any of the colleges belonging to the Caton system.

. GRAND INVESTMENT

for every Family and School.

@
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7 fo)
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$3 \ DICTIONARY / 9°
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<6 @

SUCCESSOR OF THE UNABRIDGED. iS
‘Ten years revising. 100 editors employed.
Critical examination invited. Get the Best.

SOLD BY ALL BOOKSELLERS. aa

Pamphlet of specimen pages, engravings and fe

testimonials sent free by the publishers,

G. & C. MERRIAM & CO., Springfield, Mass

On Care dais i) mH

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Agency for

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eq DESICN PATENTS
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Hivery patent taken out by us is brought before
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Scientitic American

Largest circu] ation of any scientific paper in the

world, RElenchaly illustrated. No intelligent

man should be without it. Weekly, $3.00,¢
ar; $1.50 six months. Address MUNN & C"
BLISHERS, 361 Broadway, New York.

Scholarships good in

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By T. O'CONNOR SLOANE, A.M., E.M., Pu.D,

Author of ‘ Arithmetic of Electricity,” **‘ Home
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JUST PUBLISHED.

ELECTRICITY SIMPLIFIED

This work is the simplest ever published on the
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ARITHMETIC OF ELECTRICITY

A practical treatise on Electrical Calculations of
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each rule illustrated by one or more practical prob-
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tc These books have already had a large sale,
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to be without them. Our book catalogue sent
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ay CAESPSEAEAENESES Ee) CPAEAEAES ESE.
us

*
50c. per Year. ers

VOL. IX.

ALBION, N. Y., MAY, 1892.

NO. 5

NEW RATES. NEW RULES. NEW REGULATIONS.

Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.

Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,” “Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department

for 50¢ per 35 words.
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c.

Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional
Terms, cash with order.

Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates.
“PBALPRS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only,
Exchange Cards and Coupons (Subscription) will be accepted for ‘“‘Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only

and according to conditions stated thereon.

TO EXCHANGE.—Back numbers of Youth’s
Companion for common or fancy pigeons.
FRANK E. SWEETSER, Danvers, Mass.

TO EXCHANGE—with reliable collectors, Eggs
in sets or Singles with data. GHO. L. CALDER-
W OOD, Santa Rosa, Sonoma Co., California.

TO EXCHANGE.—First-class bird skins and
eggs for good rifle, collecting gun. telescope, or
books on Ornithology, Oology or Taxidermy.
JNO. L. HOOPER, Lake Mills, Wis.

TO EXCHANGE.—About 50 first-class bird’s
©ges in sets and singles and a copy of Wood’s
Natural History for works on Ornithology. H.
B. ASHBURN, Gibbon, Neb.

TO EXCHANGE.—Five years Youth’s Com-
panion, ’87-91 inclusive, on2 Star safety razor,
new, and minerals. for minerals, fossils, ete.
Letters answered; address D. A. WHEELER,
Ashburnham Center. Mass.

I HAVE about athousand stamps, many rare
ones. to exchange for a pair of climbing irons
or works on Ornithology or Oology. L. P.
WILLIAMS, Redlands, Gal.

FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE.—One Howard
camera with sea beans and shells from Florida.
Periwinkles. Lake Erie correspondence desired
LAWRENCE RYCKMAN, Brocton. N. Y.

FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE:—A single
barrelled, breech-loading shot gun. Bargain.
a . PATTERSON, Box 247, Parkersburg, W.

a.

SILK COCOONS:—r will give 3 silk co-
coons (white, yellow and green) foreach and
every Indian arrowhead or stone implement
Sentme. W. W. SHELLEY, Hesston. Harvey
Co., Kans.

STAMPS:—I want collections or lots; which
Twill exchange eggs in sets or Singles. All
answered. JESSH MILLER, 184 Dallas St.,
Houston, Texas.

ALLIGATOR EGGS wanted in hundred or
thousand lots. Must be ffrst-class, side blown.
Write stating quantity you can furnish, with
cash or exchange price. I wouldalso like a few
hundred turtle and snake eggs. FRANK H.
LATTIN, Albion, N. Y.

WANTED.— [rade connection in first class eggs
from other parts of country. Have three -live
Great Horned Owls for first class sets. JOHN
LARSEN, 3 Elm St., Ann Arbor, Mich.

WANTED.—To exchange birds eggs,in sets,
with collectors throughout the United States,
L.W. NICHOLS, Somonauk, Ml.

CALIFORNIA EGGS—in sets with data and
singles to exchange for sets with data. Also
wish to exchange eggs for tennis raquet.
HARRY R. PAINTON, College Park, Cal.

WANTED.—Rough Skeletons of mammals,
(six badgers) birds, and reptiles. I pay cash or
exchange specimens of all kinds. CHARLES
BE. HITH, Osteologist, Burlington, New Jersey,

OOLOGISTS ATTENTION.—Your corres-
pondence is solicited for this seasonin regard
to exchanging of bird’s eggs between our lo-
calities. Address GEORGE N. UPHAM, Cof-
feyville, Kansas.

FOR EXCHANGE.—Fine sets of following
(A. O. U.) species: 59, 207, 298a, 289b, 311, 319,
313, 335, 389a, 424, 410, 477a, 602, 586, 573, 718a, 706,
707. THOS. H. JACKSON, West Chester, Pa.

TO EXCHANGE:—A reyolving shot-gun, 38
Cal. 5 shot, value $4.50 will exchange for bird’s
eggs, skius, or mounted birds. What offers. S,
L. HALEY, Phillips, Maine.

I HAVE quite a number of different articles
to exchange for birds’ eggs or climbing irons,
Send list and receive mine. All letters answer-
ed. SIGMUND H. H'tLL, New Milford, Conn,

WANTED.—Plants of Soleaconcolor, Viola
rotundifolia, lanceolata, primulaetolia, blanda,
palustris, Selkirkii, villosa, rostrata, Unblen-
bergii, striata, canademsis, and Violetis except
cuculata, sagettata, delphimfolia. jedata, tri-
color, and odorata. Will give other wild plants
herbarium specimens, Carboniferous fossils, or
entomological specimens. JNO. BRIDWELL,
Baldwin, Kan.

122

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued.

TO EXCHANGE.—A $10 magic lantern for an
Oologist’s outfit or eggs in sets. H. A. HESS,
152 E. New York St., Indianapolis, Ind.

WANTED,.—Fine bird skins only. for which I
will exchange for 60 days, handsome geodes for
such asIcanuse. Send full lists at once to C.
K. WORTHEN, Naturalist and Taxidermist,
‘Warsaw. Illinois.

TO EXCHANGE.—Fossils and minerals for
éges, Indian relics, Davie’s ‘nests and eggs’. or
pair of Lattin’s climbers, etc. MORTON CUL-
VER, La Salle, Ill.

WE WISH to exchange eggs, skins, and
mounted birds for eggs, skins, minerals, coins,
fossils. and curios. All correspondence an-
swered. W.A,& W. E. BRYAN, New Sharon,

a.

A 22 CALIBRE revolver, 70 numbers cf The
Youth’s Companion. books, novels. etc., to ex-
Change for a self-ejecting revolver or other
things. S. KLINTBERG, Box 340, Platts-
mouth, Neb.

$25 WORTH of birds’ eggs to exchange for
mandolin. banjo, or other musical instruments
OY Will sell to the highest bidder. B. H. BLAN-
TON, Frankfort, Ky.

NOTICH.—I make a specialty of collecting
first-class original sets with full data for 2-5 list
price. cash. Parties desiring to purchase fine
Sets for their collections please write and get
W. E. DRENNAN, New Sharon,

my lists.
Iowa.

THLESCOPE!—4 joints, brass; value $3.
Will exchange for best offer of first-class eggs
in sets with data. Also have sets of California
Shrike totrade. Makean offer. All letters an-
swered. C. BARLOW, Santa Clara, Cal.

BARGAIN.—My Collection 01 125 varieties, in-
cluding 20 sets with full data. and nice cherry
and glass case, for sale for $15.00! Less than
% catalogue. Begun in Nebraska, closed in
Virginia; eastern and western varieties, hawks,
gulls, terns. Carefully packed and sent at pur-
chaser’s expense. A.C. TOWNSEND, No. 1620
15th St., Washington, D. C.

—

TO EXCHANGE.—Youth’s Companion, 1891,
unbound, for small telescope, minerals, or book
on Entomology, Polyphemus and Cecropia.
othe for minerals. HARRY E. ORR, Xenia,

hio.

—<$—$—

SOME FINE microscope slides, rare. speci-
mens, Human and animal sections, hydroids,
Diatoms, Globigerena, etc., for skins, eggs,
books, optical instruments. JNO. SNY-
DER, Waterloo, Ind.

22LB. BULL TERRIER—20 months old,
White, with black eyes, handsome and gamey;
Pit games and eggs for hatching (Col. Grist
Strain), pair duckwing game bantams, 2 blue
ck’d Antwerp cocks, 1 blue fantail cock. 1 blue
owl hen, 1 moorehead, 70 No’s. Scientific Amer-
ican, pair climbers. or pearl-handled, double
action 32-5 shot revolver. for eggs. Showy named
shells or curious, live, Ist or 2d class mounted,
pictures of or works on birds, or animals, or
anything interesting or ornamental. MILO EK.
BILLS, 66 Lansing St., Auburn, N. Y.

WANTED.—A good 16-guage collecting gun.
Will give 33s times its value in ist class birds’
skins. H. W. MENKE, Garden City, Kan.

THE OOLOGIST.

WANTED.—Copies of Davies’ Eggs and
Nests, (cloth); Ridgways Manual, and Coues*
Key, latest editions. State lowest cash price,
condition, and number of copies. I wish to
correspond with experienced Collectors in this.
vicinity. HARRY B. SARGENT, Prospect,
House, Niagara Falls, N. Y.

EXCHANGE.—Florida Burrowing Owl 1-5, and
two singles for common eggs. Nothing wanted
that is listed over 35cents. Terms of exchange,
value for value. H. H. care of W. B. CAULK,
Terre Haute, Ind.

COMMON EGGS WANTED AT ONCE.—I want.
in quantities of not less than 50c. worth the fol-
lowing first class common eggs; Robin; Mocking
bird; Bluebird; Crow; Bronzed and Purple Grakles;
Pheobe; Bank. Cliff and Barn Swallows; Song,
Field, English and Chipning Sparrows; White-
rumpled Shrike: Cowbird; Black-\hroated Bunt-
ing; Yellow Warbler; Mourning Dove; and Cali-
fornia Towhee. For any of the above species F
will allow full rates in exchange for sets of Nod-
dy 1-1 at75c., Eggs or Sets of Limpkin at $1.25,
Forster’s Tern 15c., Blue-winged Teal 30c., Am.
Magpie 24c., Davie’s ‘‘Nests and Eggs of N. A.
Birds.” paper $2.00 or cloth at $3.00. This offer
holds good until June 10 only... FRANK H. LAT=
TIN, Albion, N. Y.

WANTED.—2d hand copies of either ‘‘Coues”
Key” or ‘“Ridgway’s Manual” will gtve cash or

a

exchange. Write stating condition, edition,
and best terms. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion,
NY.

I will give specimens of any kind, advertis~
ing space in the OOLOGIST, and for extra good
offers anything I offer forsale or possibly CASE
for first-class Indian Relics, or for new or 2a
hand books in Natural History, in good con-
dition, ornithology or oology preferred— a set
of the “Natural History of New York” and
copies of ‘‘Coues’ Key” especially desired.
FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N, Y.

WANTED.—Collectors in each state and ter-
ritory to collect butterflies and moths. Will
pay cash or give in exchange insects, corals,
shells, echinoderms &c, from all parts of the
world. If you want to collect write for parti-
culars. WERUM BROS., Toledo, Ohio.

QO MY § 20 all hidden name cards 10c. A

® prize with every pack. Send #

red stamps for Sample Book. We sell Genuine
Cards, NO TRASH. AGENTS WANTED.

CURTIS CARD CO., East Carlton, N. Y.

Examine the little rose-colored address label
on the wrapper of the Oonocist, The number
following name denotes the time when your sub-
scription expires or has expired.

56 signifies your subscription expired June 1890,
62 ‘ec ee ee oe

iD,
68 €s gs “s Ss June 1891
74 Go be cy “é Dec. ce
80 es oe es willexpire June 1892
86 ce “6 6é ee te Dee. “sé
92 x oc ae ss ns June 1893

We are desirous of straightening our subserip-
tion books at once and trust our subscribers will
send in their subscriptions for 792 including all
arrearages, at their earliest conveniences, the
amounts necessary to accomplish this are as
foilows:

56"—$1.25. ‘*62”—$1.00. ‘*68”—75e. “74”—50C.

Should you desire to discontinue your subserip-
tion to the OoLoGisT your indebtedness to us iS”
25 cents less than the above amounts. The fig-
ures are according to our books May 1, 1892 and
renewals sent since that date have been credited
on our books, but not on the label.

THE OOLOGIST. 128,

— THE “IDEAL” POTATO.

Mr. Crawford of Ohio, the veteran strawberry and potato grower, who,

_ annually tests over thirty new varieties of potatoes and on whose farm
the Ohio Experiment Station has established branches for testing po-
tatoes says :

“This variety originated with a neighbor who is a very successful po-
tato crower and who has tested a large number of varieties. Itis aseed-.
ling of the Jersey Peachblow, possessing the best characteristics of that
variety, with some improvement upon it. Has been tested five years and
has been grown alongside of many of the best sorts. It is a luxuriant
erower, and its foliage remains green and healthy until after most sorts.
are killed with the blight, which has been very injurious for a few years.
A rotten tuber of the Ideal has never been found until last year, and then
only afew. It is an immense yielder, having surpassed all others, so,
far, in this respect. This is the most prominent characteristic. It is of
large size and produces but few small ones. Several who have seen the.

* crop pronounce it the finest looking lot of potatoes they ever saw. The.
shape is rather long oval and slightly flattened. The eyes are few, well
defined, and usually even with the surface. Some are slightly sunken
but none raised. It is quite uniform in shape and size, and never hollow.
The skin is usually russeted, though not always. Color, light, creamy
brown, often approaching red at the seed end, and with a tinge of pink
in the eye. Aithough it is not claimed to be an early variety, it is of
good quality and fit for the tsble before it is full grown, and as soon as,
most early sorts. It is a good keeper and one of the last to sprout in

the spring. The quality is very good being dry and of excellent flavor.
Productiveness and quality are its

MOST PROMINENT CHARACTERISTICS,

‘Tt is just as good as any ever sent out.’ “The best I ever tasted.’ ‘Bet-
ter than the old Peachblow in its best days,’ and other such expressions
have been used.”

The undersigned has a limited quantity of “Ideals” for sale at the fol-
lowing prices by mail, express or freight, at purchaser's expense: 3b.
25c. Peck 15ib. 75c. Half bushel 30ib. $1.25. Bushel 601b. $2.00.

By mail prepaid, 1tb. 25c. 3tb. 50c.

Sixty named varieties of Potatoes were grown on our grounds last
season. Should you desire to plant a number of varieties for Fair or
experimental purposes, I will send you by freight or Express two tubers
each of 50 desirable named varieties for only $2.00, or 11b of each for
$3.00. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y.

EXPLANATORY:—“Lattin” has a small Fruit Farm, upon which he
has grown, for “fun”, pleasure, profit (?), and experimental purposes,
about sixty varieties of each: Grapesand strawberries, $ acre Asparagus,
l acre Raspberries, other “stuff”, and fruits of all kinds in abundance,

124 THE OOLOGIST.

The Oologist for 1892.

The OOLOGIST is without question the most
opular and instructive magazine, devoted
o Birds, their Nests and Eggs, ever published,
and while of special value to the Oologist and
Ornithologist, its publisher is not alone in his
belief that Teachers, Scientists, Naturalists.
and Curiosity Collectors in all departments will
find the OOLOGIST not only worthy of their at-
tention, but of their swbscriptions. On January
1892, the OOLoGIST entered its ninth volume,
and it will be the aim of its Publisher, with the
aid of its subscribers, to make it of greater
value than any preceding one.- Each number
for ’92 will contain twenty pages (16 and a coy-
er), and will be promptly and regularly issued
the first week of each month and will be sent
post-paid to any part of the World

For Only 50 Cents.

Every subscriber received for ’92, will be
mailed a card composed of two Coupons one of
Which will entitle the person addressed, to a
free Exchange Notice, of 25 words in the OO10-
Gist if used within one year from date. The
second coupon will be accepted by the Publis h-
er of the OOLOGIST from the person addressed,
in payment foror towards anything he offers
for sale. to the amount of 25 cents providing
the goods ordered amount to not less than $1.25
This coupon is just the same as 25¢c in cash to
you if you should want to purchase anything
of us to the amount of $1.25, during the year.

Remember every subscriber received for the
OOLOGIS?T will receive FOR ONLY 59 CENTS
the following:

MheOOLOGIST Lor 292 ee $ .50
Coupon for an Exchange Notice...... .20
a He 25c on $1.25 order...... B15)
$1.00

IDENTIFICATION!

_ During the past few years we have cheerfully
attempted to

IDENTIFY ALL SPECIMENS

our friends have sent us, and this without re-
muneration; but owing to the fact that we are
now receiving packages by the dozen for this
purpose,and that our time is more than occupi-
ed with our regular business, in the future we
shall be obliged TO CHARGE our friends in ad
dition to return postage the following

RATEHS:

Single or first Specimen - = &
For each additional Specimen - -

Iocts
5cts

The above rates for identifying we think very
reasonable. We have spent several years in
handling and studying specimens of various
kinds, and have on hand a very large stock
with which comparison can be made. We also
have leading works to use forreference. The
advantage of having specimens properly iden-
tified is invaluable to Collectors.

Address,

FRANK H. LATTIN ALBION, N. Y.

OoxoGist and it was mailed to
subscribers on May 17th.

He Jis the publication number of this

The Cheapest

Dologist's Outtit

of value ever offered

For Only 25 Cents,

I will send you by return mail pre-
paid 1 white metal blowpipe, 1 12-100
drill, 1 44in. nickeled embryo hook, 1
lead pencil, 1 Gin. rule, all packed in a
neat, slide cover, compartment box.

This outfit is usually retailed in pieces
at from 50 to 75ets. Our profit in han-
dling them at this price is nothing. We
have oniy 150 sets. After they are gone
will refund your money. Remit at once
if you desire one of the best outfits for
the money ever offered.

Only 25cts., Prepare

12 for $3.00 100 for $25.
FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

INDIAN WAR views from the battlefield of
“Wounded Knee.” Modern Sioux relics.
Send for list. Cc. L. FREEMAN,
E3t Chadron, Neb.

CARR'S NATURAL HISTORY STORE,

Sea Shells, Corals. Minerals, Bird Skins and
Eggs, Curios, Supplies for Taxidermists, Ento-
mologests, Botanists and Oologists. Taxid-
ermy in all Branches of the art. Goldfish and
aquarums.

45

40 page Illustrated Catalogue for 2c stamp.
C. F. CARR,

Madison, Wis.

PENSIONS °

THE DISABILITY BILL IS A LAW.

Soldiers disabled since the war are entitled

Dependent widows and parents now depen
dent, whose sons died from effects of army ser-
vice are included. If you wish your claim
speedily and successfully prosecuted, address,

JAMES TANNER,

Washington. D, G. .

Te eS a FL

Late Com’r of Pensions,

FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.

Oolovists’ Instruments and Supplies.

Every Instrument I sell is thoroughly tested before leaving the office, and
should an inferior instrument be sent my patrons, I will kindly thank them to
return the same and their order will be cheerfully duplicated.

EGG DRILLS.—Our drills are equal to any in
the market. Short-handled drills we make a
specialty. Collectors will find them more conven-
fent and less expensive than the long-handled
ones. Our drills are made expressly for our trade
from the best Stubbs steel. The lengths of
handles are as follows: Short, 2 in.; Medium, 3
in.; Long, 6 in.

No.1. Sh’t hand., 8-100, good for all fresh eggs, $ .07
No.2. as oe 12-100, “é 6é “6 oe 66 09

No.3. 66 66 15-100, a6 so (66 46 66 nll
No.4. “6 “a 18-100, “ oo 40 ae 66 013
No.5. a6 «6 21-100, “6 o@ «666 aa te 015
No.0. Medium handle, fine cut, burr 4-321n. 20

Our medium and leng-handled egg drills are
the finest in the world. They are made with a
fine, clean cut burr, fine point, nickel plated and
engraved handle. Best style, extra fine steel.
We can furnish either long or medium handle of
any the following sizes at prices quoted:

INO pl emnS Ooi UL srcleeiecialeiscisciclsisiecleleciecislcsle@) <2)
No.2. 6.32 Lt} cincitainaocieielsiecisicisisiesisicienennacd
INOikas) ) Groce 9 2SS Saco aboadodq00RDDDD00O0000 dal!)
No. 4. 8.32 es Miaisinelalelcieincielciecice(cicleisisieleaiereco
No. 5. 12.322 & Baisciniselcceleisicineisiciaisicieieleleision lc OO
INO6;0716:32)" “* Meieinteaiclalwicie'sieleletclelsisieisisioiaen el sOU)

BLOWPIPES.—NO. 1, BraSS..ccccoscccccsces o12
No. 2, White Metal..cccoccccsccccccccseccccce +20
NOs NOMS I CKELCOcitswalsislesicieclecclciceisselesis) 620

(Nos. 2 and 3 are the white metal blowers
sold by other dealers).

No. 4 is the best blower ever manufactured;

best white metal with an extra nickel
finish, actually worth double No.2or3. .35
No. 5, Glass; by mail at pur chaser’s risk. .oee.25
EMBRYO HOOKS.—AS the season advances col-
lectors obtain many specimens of ourrarer species
that are nearly useless on account of the ad-
vanced stage of incubation. To overcome, ina

Measure, this difficulty, every coltector should

have a gocd embryo hook.

No.1. Long handle, nickel ahd engraved or
blued steel; three sizes, fine, medium
and large, Price CACN.ccccocccccosces se

No. 2. This style hook is the best made and

screws into a finely engraved, nickeled

handle,

Handles, CACH. .cccccccccescccccccceccce

Hooks (three Sizes), CACD..oscccccceecce

Handle and HOOK.....2. .scsccccscosess

Handle with three hooks (assorted sizes)

The cheap wire hook in handle, sold
by other Gealers....cccccccccescecceccce

Do., Without Handle, cocccsccccosccccsce

EMBRYO SCISSORS.—Sometimes very useful in
removing embryos.
No.1. Fine scissors, Cheap...ccccccccccccees 20
No. 2. Fime scisSSOrgs, €XtT&..cccccccovcccccce .00
No. 8 Fine scissors, CUFV@M...cccccescceccce 065
No. 4. Fine scissors, curved, CXtT&..cxccceee 1.50
No.5. Fine scissors, elbow, @Xtr@.corceccecs 1.50
Wo. 6. Fine scissors, straight, @XtF@.....000. 1.60

No. 3.

FORCEPS.—Very useful when preparing spect-
mens containing an embryo.

CLIMBING IRONS.—Strapped, ready for use;
ot Gepress, at purchaser’s expense, $2.50; prepaid,
3.200
Unstrapped; by express,$1.50; prepaid, $2.10.
SYRINGEHS.—Hard rubber, for rinsing eggs. ..§$.35
LEAD PENCILS.—Solft,extra quality for mark-

IN PSE SS etisciatinecdsisaieaciclssciscisicicwcciiccesentcl
COLORED PENCILS.—Red and blue.......... .10

OOLOGISTS’ CEMENT.—For mending eggs
and fragile SPCCIMENS...ccccccoccscecccece olB

COURT PLASTER.—Per envelope of 3 pieces,
assorted colors, 6c. ;

POCKET CASE.—Russia Leather for carrying
instruments in field. Very desirable. Nickel
clasp, $1.25,

BOOK or TISSUE PAPER.—For patching egzs
or specimens. This book contains over 100 difter-
ent shades and colors of 1x23¥ inch pieces of tis:
sue paper, tightly bound and so arranged that
you can pick out at once the color you desire for
the specimen you wish tomend. A price list ig
also attached, giving prices at which we can fur-
nish any coior in large or small quantities. Ag
it only requires a very small piece to patch an
ordinary egg this book will last the average
oologist many years. Price, only 10c.
oe ae PAPER.—For patching eggs, per
SHC CUmete(cieleeisieicinelsselelgn eee sere

RUBBER TUBING.—For making water blow-
ers, Tc per foot, 8 feet for 50c and for
each extra foot, 6c.

WATER BLOWER. —Complete, including 8 ft.
of tubing, blowpipe, riugs, can and printed
Intsructions, fOr Oly....c0...ssee0e cccce-- 1,00
Collectors who have used it say they will
never again blow eggs in the old tiresome,
laborious and wind-exhausting method.

DATA BLANKS.—Our data blanks are printe
on good calendered paper that will not blo

ec cecc cece o

| through and are put up in pads of 100, glued on

top and sides.

SHON, TEP WN saa0 cosaod bonaodondGo0 sonandode
Medium“ «
PATE OM erntace coe p00000000 god0dd00000
JO-GTED IENGES, OEP IN) soca sooogd sabsad nono boonbdo
Book of 100 datas, check-book style, best....
GG 0G Manilla covers, unpertorated.
Checking lists, 2 styles, per doz....... S00 0000
Samples of 20 styles data blanks, etc., and 2
checking lists........ gnosdoncacanbooddosos dll}

PINK WOOL COTTON.—For lining trays, cab-

nes etc. cones iS Bus 12 in. wide. ‘
xtra quality, 12c per foot, 30c per yard or 906
per roll of 339 yards. ~ ae

We can also furnish Blue, Canary or White Cote
ton of same grade at same price.

Ordinary Grade, either pink or white, 8c per
foot, 20c per yard, 60c perroll. This is the grade
sold by other dealers at $1.00 perlb. Wecan
furnish at same price.

Samples of all colors, both grades, 8c. 4

Ne

FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. Q

=}

Measures for Eggs and Specimens.

No.1. Fine six inch, brass trimmed folding
‘rule with a brass caliper attachment, registering
Jeths. Should yeu desire the result in 100ths you
‘ean readily obtain it by multiplying by 6%, Price
‘25cts.

No. 2. Same style as No. 1, except being of
‘ivory, trimmed with German silver; very fine, $.85

No.3. Plain 3 in. steel rule, marked in 100ths.
Price postpaid, 60 cts

No. 4. A pair of cali-

4. pers which are very

» convenient to use when

aS 4 measuring specimens

———F witirule. Price, post-

. paid, 25 cts.

No. 5.
‘Steel cal-
iperrule
registering
100ths.

When

‘closed this rule is 3 in. long.
‘drawn out to measure 24 in.
the rule is 4 in. Price, $2.50.

:
Halidalals a

The caliper can be
The thickness of

No. 6. 1in. steel rule with the fol-
lowing graduations, viz.:

16ths, 50ths, 64ths and 100ths.

They are furnished with split ring
and make a first-class watch guard
charm.

We can furnish them as follows:
Plain steel each..... aco noosa)
Nickel plated ‘5 weccccecccccee - -40
Silver plated CO adgquoucaond.0 cal)
Gold plated Ge Sspooonoccco dso 00

© 8 S. 8
2) pRovivercena 9

No. 7.
400ths. This is unquestionably the best article

Caliper square, steel, divided into

‘ever offered for measuring specimens.
furnish these squares in two Sizes.

Qin, Size, POStPAld.... eccccorees ceccaes Gonodonk 310)
41M. BIZ, POStPAIA. coccescerccccccceccvccccecs 4,50

Outfits for Oologists.

OUTFIT No. 1, will be sent postpaid for only
‘40 cents. .

We can

‘Contents:
1 Handbook. ... cccccocccccccccscsvcccccscesoncfs li
6 Checking Lists...... Defelviaiee alelalsialatn(eleislsicicicielaclicl

‘60 DACA ececiclseteecisascelcesicelciaaiueeisles'e eece esd 10
Te 12-100 DW cc cccsccccivcnccccnccccsececsoseeas U9
1 Brass BIOWPIPE. .ccceccoecescsecceccccecesce ole
1 Sample Sheet Datas..cccocsccscecapscaccece 02
1 Bottle Cement........cccccccccccccees score 012

2g Best Soft Pencil. ...coccccccoacecccccesccscs 0
1 Vest Pocket Note BOOK.......2cccccoccceces «06

OUTFIT No. 2, postpaid for only $1.00.
Contents:

TIM ANAHOOK2 Soiccosecisaeceesclioceccsees oecmergilD

6 Checking ists eeecssensaceccensustceeseeneLe
i) TDBWGISI66 55 adonao ns oouDO sAocdodduONoda noocdeqo a)

1 Vest Pocket Note Book........ccecscccccee 06

1 Sample Sheet Datas....ccccccocaccccccscc. 02

1 Bottle Cement.... Sccevescveseennsese aussese 19 5

LT SOLGPONCI i pociccniscccuces teeeceenstoe ene enetO
1 White Metal BIOWDPIDEC...ccccsccecvcvceccce
1 12-100 Drill eaecoeacecceoss ecesoeseeseeuesete 09

UF Pale) Iya org aoes Geaenenn coasadoocossocces os

JOH MDLy.O) HOOK cree css ceeciniesccceer eee eenad
J Ins trumentiCase.: Sccececceccescecueeent eel

OUTFIT No. 3, postpaid for only $3.75.
Contents:
1 Davie’s Nests and Eggs of North American
Birds) (PAPEL) COVET) nc. ceceeseneneecen eee slees
1 Handbook......... AoGOO Spnodaonddonbonocs | il
TMieldNOte BOOK cccel scecmeniseese tien conn S
1 Vest Pocket Note Book (flexible red
JeathericOvier)scnjeesoece
12 - Checkin wiststersmceeesseieee sielelesielclotocleisiits
IBOOKIOF DatiaS i cccieis ani cieniescleiioneesinemeeieenmesel
LOO) Small) Dabasiccicesclectteicieceaesenellaecisee emma

seccccccccsceccce old

1 4-32 Drill NO. 0...c00.00- 20-

eecceGccoe sg esce8ce bf

IG SYDAMILINO, Bssscodoncoosscascacacecadose | al!
iL eRe SONGS Mla coodgaddeooccasonenoscooccane | fl
1 Best White Metal Blowpipe.....ssescc.... 35

1 Embryo Scissors eccvccssvcecs 50
I Caliper Wer eeccesere 5 025
3 Embryo Hooks. with handle... 05
1 Bottle Oologists’ CeMeNnt. ..ceoee se ald
Ly sample Sheet) Datasi ic vecesccinecisehieeieteeemmecd

1 Wood Case for Holding Instruments..... .35

For 50c additional we will put in a cloth bound
Davie’s in place of the paper covered one. Ag
this is a work of nearly 500 pages, it is always ad-
visable to purchase the cloth bound edition.

For $1.00 additional we will put in our Russia
Leather Pocket Instrument Case.

Outtit No. 3 contains the best, and is just what
is needed by every oologist, whether old or young,
amateur or professional. If in the field one seas-
on, you will need every article in this outit;
every instrument and publication contained
therein is the very best, and the Outfit, taken ag
a whole, is just what ‘‘Lattin” would use could
he collect during the coming season. Should you
already have one or more articles in this outit, I
will allow you 3g the price at the left for such
articles, this amount to to be deducted from the
$3.75, my price for the outtit complete.

Outfits No.1 and 2 are put up in large quanti.
ties and can nol be changed.

Outfit No. 1 will prepare a set of fresh eggs Just
as well as No. 3.

OUTFIT No. 4, postpaid for only $5.00,
Contents:
LEN OMS 13-3 2y Der etetetoteleioicletelatelelateta eo
INOS Bh GBP) Dye Aca as eo
PINOW 5 12-S2UD lM eerwatectecreiclets socecccsceccssce 1.00
1 BeSt? BIOW PIPE <csceisleee ccclscisn/civelwelnlclsisininsltetiiestel
TSBESCESCISSOUSM seeiacieciaiels clsinetetotsieichelelsie'staiaieia ts aie keen
LHI CRHOTEE MS \sseisistelstelssa/a eee Bocboscaneccn tir
GEM Ory OVO OKs ache letel=ielsinia(slalererseishetettelalaietsietata ieee
1 Russia Leather Pocket Case for Instruments 1.25

Outfit No. 4is the $5.00 outfit of other dealers,
except we put in a better embryo hook and blow-
pipe.

TRAYS! TRAYS!

No cabinet should be without them. Two of
one size just equal one of the next. They are
the best possible partitions easily changed
about, easily cleaned.
2x1¥x5Z, Per AOZ.,..0.009.10
3x2K% Sf onoann oll)

4x3x 34 st cesses old
6X4 394 as cee’! ece 01D

Fifty or more of
Trays covered with paper of any color in lots of
50 or more. We keep in stock trays covered with
white, black, dark red and green colored paper.

For eggs, Shells, minerals or specimens of any
kind, nothing has yet been found to take the
place of good trays. We have sold nearly 50,000
during the past two years. 8 B
Sample set Of TTayS..c.ccccccscecceeaccccesccs -Uh

sit eae i i ae oe Sa ed

es. ef. oe ae

‘tiers of States, though Dr.

THE OOLOGIST.

VOL. IX.

ALBION, N. Y., MAY, 1892.

NO. 5

Acanthes Linaria.

This little specimen of avian life is
not confined to America but is also a na-
tive of the Eastern Hemisphere.

In this country it is a common but
eratic winter visitant in the northern
Cooper re-
‘cords seeing it but once in Washington
Territory. I think without doubt that
in regards to numbers of birds that fre-
quent this locality—central Minnesota
during the winter months the Lesser
Red-poll (dcanthis linaria)—(LInn.)
stands pre-eminent. Though not so
large and conspicuous a bird as the
Evening Grosbeak, which I hope to be
able to say something of in a future art-
icle, it is very noticeable, because so
highly gregarious and by its apparent
lack of timidity in the presence of man.
Hundreds often congregate in a single
flock and they manifest so little fear of
human habitation that frequently they
will come even to the door step for
erumbs.

Taken individually and at a little dis-
tance the Red-poll is not a bird of pre-
possessing appearance, and if you were
not and ardent lover of ornithology or
failed to hear its faint, sweet song it
wonld undoubtedly be passed by with-
‘out special thought. But at nearer
‘sight you find that this apparently plain
little bird is given, though sparingly

erhaps, of one of the most brilliant
and beautiful colors in nature. The
corona or crown is a bright metallic
carmine or red. The adult male is
quite brightly marked in the breast with
rose or crimson, but of a somewhat more
subdued tint than that of the vertex,
this color being diffused in softer and
lessening degrees as it advances up-
ward over jugulum and gula and is
finally lost in the cheeks which, gener-

ally preserve a few faint traces, as do,
also, the sides where the rose merges
downward and is gradually blended in-
to the marking of the underparts. Ob-
solete traces of roseate may some time
be found elsewhere over the plumage,
but nowhere is it so constant as on the
breast, excepting of course, the crown
which, alike in young and old, is al.
ways red,

Many atime I have watched them in
the garden when, alighting on a weed
top. I am afraid that is not saying
much for my gardening accomplish-
ments, just appearing above the snow,
they would peck away at the seeds for
a moment, then flit to another and an-
other, and in their constantly changing
positions the sun-light would glance
upon their red forms and be reflected
therefrom almost as brilliantly as from
the gorget of the Rnky-throated Hum-
mingbird.

Whether on the ground or among the
the shrubbery, they seem always bus-
tling and busy, and will teach the ob-
server the lesson that Solomon saw in
the ants.

Audubon says they occasionally nest
in Maine. But their favorite breeding
grounds are much farther north in that
belt known as the Fur Countries, when
in a low tree or bush, they construct a
rough, buiky nest and lining it with
feathers make a warm, cosy abiding
place for their future hopes. The eggs
of this species are described as having a

ground color of light blue with a slight
tinge of ereenishness, spotted and
speckled, chietly at the larger end,
around which the markings sometimes
form a confluent ring, “with various
shades of brown.

Sprites of the North, and but tran-
sient visitors, they leave us and return
to their northern fastnesses before

spring has much advanced.
L. Dart.

Black-Throated Gray Warbler.

Dendroica nigrescens. (TOWNS.) 665.

Hab., Pacific Coast Region.

This Warbler is asummer resident of
Linn County, Oregon, and is by no
meansabundant. It inhabits the dense
fir thickets, near the openings in the
forests.

It requires care to even approach the
birds, as it is very shy, and will slip out
and away from its nest, while you are
still some distance away, without even
uttering a note. Then if you carefully
conceal yourself, in the course of 15 or
20 minutes, the bird will return, in the
same sly and stealthy movements.

It prefers the smaller growth of firs
and dense thickets of willow. The nest
is placed in some small fir, generally
not over five or six feet high, and is
made of fine grass, profusely lined with
feathers. The eggs are four in number
of a greenish, pinkish white, spotted at
the larger end, with shades of cinna-
mon, and lilac-gray. Average size, 68
x 53.

Myrtle Warbler.

Dendroica coronata, (LINN.) No. 655.

Common on the Pacific coast of Oregon.
Known as Yellow-crowned, or Yellow-
rumped Warbler. This bird arrives at
Sweet Home on, or about, April 20, gen-
erally in flocks of six or twelve, which
feed in the openings and roads until
breeding season, when they pair and
each look for a suitable location, which
is generally in some fir bush, not over
12 feet high. The nest is composed of
fibres, fine grass, and occasionally a few
feathers.

I have often seen the birds feeding in
the single fir tree in my yard during
migration season, but during the build-
ing season are not as conspicuous.

The eggs are from 3 to 5in number

THE OOLOGIST.

of a creamy white color, spotted and
blotched, forming a wreath at the larg-
er end, with shades of brown and lilac.
Average size 65 x 50

Dr. A. G. PRILL.

<< >—+

Bird Notes From Oregon.

AN EARLY SPRING.

Although Oregon has the name of be-
ing a rainy State, the weather bureau at
Washington, D. C., will show that av-
erage rainfall is not so great as many
suppose.

The weather for the past Winter has
has been very mild with no snow, (ac-
cept, a few flakes) and with this in
view I have prophesied and early col-
lecting season and am now more cer-
tain of it.

While some of you in the East have
been having snow and blizzards, Ore-
gon—or rather the Willamette Valley
has had on one of her sweetest smiles
of sunshine.

Wild flowers have been in bloom for
several days as have also Wild Straw-
berry blossoms.

Migrants are beginning to return to
their summer homes. The Violet-green
Swallow arrived earlier this year than
for several seasons. The Ceear Wax-
wing was ahead of its usual time also.

Rusty Song Sparrows, Western Rob-
in and Bluebirds are choosing their
mates, and I will not be surprised to
see them carrying straws, etc. at any
time.

Oregon Chickadees begin nesting in
April, but I will look for them to begin
this year, the latter part of this month.
Collectors in Oregon should begin to
get their collecting ‘‘traps” ,;)gether
and keep an eye open for the early
breeders.

I look for a good season, , and j¢ my
time is not too much occupied, I shall
spend many pleasant days aMong the
birds.

CLYDE S. KELLAR,
Salem, Oregon.
March 12, ’92.

ANS ORR ES LIE ee ee

THE OOLOGIST. 129

The Woodpeckers.

In this family are some of the most
beneficial as well as the most interest-
ing of our birds. Few birds are bet-
ter known, for they not only attract
attention by their peculiar notes,
but when nearly all other birds
are silent they make their presence
know by tapping almost incessantly
upon the limbs and trunks of trees.

When doing this they are not always
in quest of food, but seem to delight in
drumming upon dead trees.

This drumming is probably done for
the purpose of attracting the attention
of others of their kind, as well as for
amusement.

It is most frequently heard just be-
fore arain or thaw in the early spring.

Although the notes of the Woodpeck-
ers are comparatively few in number,
yet they caunot all be said to be desti-
tute of the power of song.

The Flicker probably has command
of the greatest number of notes.

Many families of our birds are adap-
ted to catching insects in the air and
upon the foilage of trees and plants,
but the Woodpeckersalone are adapted
to capturing those insects and larve
that lurk beneath the bark and in the
wood of trees, and which if left un-
checked in their ravages would do un-
told injury.

In construction, few birds are better
adapted to their habits of life. The
shape of the body, the formation of the
feet, the stiff pointed shafts of the tail
feathers, the chisel-shaped bill, and the
long dagger-like tongue with its pecul-
iar arrangement of muscles all adapt
them to their manner of living.

Although the greater number of spe-
cies are confined to the woods and for-
est, many of them visit our orchards
and yards, and undoubtedly save many
valuable trees by ridding them of de-
structive insects.

When they become aware of the
presence of an insect, they find its exact

location by means of their acute sense
of hearing, and by tapping upon the
outside of the tree with the bill. When
thus located, it takes but a few strokes
of the powerful bill to expose it to
view, when it is easily secured by mean
of the long extensile tongue.

From their habit of puncturing the
bark of living trees, a number of spe-
cies have erroneously acquired the
name of Sapsuckers. For what pur-
pose they do this, 1 am unable to say;
but it is not for the purpose of securing
the sap as many suppose. Their object
may be to attract insects to feed upon
the sap that they may be more easily
captured, or to induce them to deposit
their eggs in the crevices left by the
healing of the bark, they may return
and devour them or the young insects.

A few of our Woodpeckers are not
unfrequently seen in towns and cities,
sometimes even nesting there.

The smaller species often accompany
the Chickadees, Nuthatches, Kinglets,
etc.

Taken altogether they forma very
efficient army for the destruction of in-
sects.. The Woodpeckers are not all
strictly insectivorous.

A few species, among which may be
mentioned the Red-head, seem to pre-
fer fruit and grain when it can be had.

The nest is usually an excavation
made by the bird in a dead limb or the
dead trunk of a tree, but sometimes a
natural cavity is used.

The eggs are thus secured from the
depredations of the Crows and many
other enemies, but are sometimes des-
troyed by the squirrels. I have fre-
quently seen it stated that the Wood-
peckers remuve the chips to a distance
from the exeavation to avoid discovery
but by frequent observations I have
found that statement untrue of the spe-
cies resident here. In the winter time
they pass the night in excavtions. The
eggs are pure white in all species, and
are from three to nine in number.

They sometimes bec: me so stained

130 THE OOLOGIST.

by the habits of the birds as to appear
almost black.

The Woodpeekers do not put forth
much effort for the protection of their
eggs and young.

It istrue the Flicker, perched in the
top of some neighboring tree asserts
very emphatically that he will “kill
you” if youdo not iet his nest alone,
and the little Downy frequently re_
proaches an intruder upon his domestic
affairs for their ‘‘cheek,” and other spe-
cies make their objections to one being
too close to their nest known by vari-
ous well-known notes, but they seldom
or never attack one with their bill and
wings as many other birds do.

Six species are resideut here, and two
or three are known as migrants.

The Hairy Woodpecker is quite com-
mon resident. This species is one of
the most beneficial of the family They
search for insects almost continually
from morning until night, and do not
seem to have any special feeding time
as many other birds do.

I have known one of them to almost
completely divest a large dead hemlock
tree of its outer bark in less than a
week’s time,

In such cases I cannot say that the
work was all done by one bird, but
never observed more than one to be
present atatime. Their food consists
almost entirely of insects with now and
then a berry thrown in by way of
change.

As soon as the young are fully fledged
they accompany the old birds nearly
everywhere they go and are fed by them
until fall.

The young neyer seem to be satisfied,
and no matter how well fed, are con-
stantly pleading for more.

They commence nesting about the
middle of April. The nesting cavity is
frequently excavated ina beech tree,
which seems to be a favorite with many
species. The eggs are usually five or
six in number.

The Downy is a common resident. It
has very much the appearance of being-
a small edition of the Hairy, but upon
close examination will be found to dif-.
fer in plumage as well as size.

The habits of the two are almost.
identical, only the Downy is a little the
more familiar of the two They are by
no means uncommon visitors in our:
towns and cities, where they may be
seen searching diligently for insects up-
on the shade trees. Their delight is to
nest in dead limbs of apple trees in or-
chards. They sometimes nest in dead
limbs of shade trees, along the side of
village streets.

When nesting in the woods, beech
and ash trees are most frequently selec~
ted.

The entrance to the excavation of
this species is as round as if cut by the
aid of a mathematical instrument and
and no larger than will barely admit
the bird. The eggs are from four to.
six in number and usually become
much stained as incubation advances.
When more than four in number, one
or more are frequently undersized.

The Hairy and Downy are the Sap-
suckers with us.

The Pileated Woodpecker is the rar~
est of the species, resident here. They
are said to have been common here at,
one time, but as the timber was cleared
off they became rare. and now are only
to be found in small numbers in those

‘pieces of timber farthest removed from

habitations.

They are very shy retiring birds, very
difficult to approach, it being almost
impossible to secure a specimen if once
aware of your presence. From their
habit of searching among fallen logs
for food they have acquired the name
of Logeock. They are also called Wood-
cock. They feed on those insects and
their Ja: va found in dead and decaying
timber, and berries, such as those of
the gum, dogwood, ete. This species
can readily be distinguished from all

ee re

THE OOLOGIST. 13}

others found in the Northern States by

their lar ge size, being about seventeen
inches in length.

They prefer dead hickory trees for
nesting purposes, and the nest is usual-
ly situated at a considerable distance
from the ground. They commence
nesting early in April, and from what
information I have been able to obtain
I think the usual number of eggs is
three or four.

The Red-head isa common summer
resident, butis rather rare in winter.

Several years ago this specie was
abundant, but they have decreased
greatly in number the last few years. I
cannot give any satisfactory reason for
this.

It is true that they receive consider-
able attention from the small boy with
a gun, but that is not the only reason
for their decrease.

The Red-head is. one of the best
known species of the family, for it is he
who claims the privilege of sampling
our choicest fruit and grain. The fin-
est ears of corn, the juiciest cherries
and the mellowest apples, he seems to
regard as his by right, and never neg-
lects to secure his share of them.

Unlike most of the family he is a lit-
tle inclined toward laziness,and prefers
a meal of nice fruit, followed by a nap
in the sunshine, to digging for a living.
When so disposed they are as expert at
catching insects upon the wing as the
true Flyeatchers. I have observed them
to sit for hours in some elevated situa-
tion, ever ready to cap ture any insects
that chance to cross their field of vis-
ion.

When other food is scarce they not
unfrequently visit the corn-crib for
corn. They often carry away more
than they can consume, and secret it in
various nooks and crevices for future
use.

Nevertheless, their bad ‘qualities are
more than balanced by the good, and

the small quantity of fruit and grain
that they consume is amply paid for by

their presence and the number of nox-
ious insects that they detroy. They
commence nesting about the middle of
May.

Trees that stand in open fields bor-
dering on woods are,preferred for nest
ing purposes. The eggs are almost in-
variably five in number.

The Red-bellied Woodpecker is rath-
er rare and is mostly seen in winter.

They usually confine themselves to,
the woodlands, and feed on the various
insects to be found there together with
dogwood berries, etc. The nest of this
species is rarely found here.

A nest found by the writer a few
years ago, contained four nearly fresh
eggs about the middle of May. The nest
Was an excavation in a dead limb of
a beech, and was situated at a height of
about thirty feet from the ground.

The Flicker is the commonest of our
Woodpeckers. Only a few remain
through the winter.

At the commencement of the breed-
ing season, their callis to be heard in
all directions. Unlike the rest of the
family they feed much upon the ground
When obtainable ants seem to be their
favorite food. They are also very fond
of wild cherries and green corn. In
winter they subsist upon berries and
such insects as -are to be found at that
season.

The billis not as well adapted to ex:
cavating in wood, as in other species
and they prefer to obtain their food by
other methods. The nesting cavity
does not show the fine quality of work-
manship that that of the little Downy
does. They commence nesting about
May ist and sometimes consume from
ten days to two weeks or more in com-
pleting the excavation. They are not
very discriminating in the selection of
a nesting site, and I have found them
nesting in stumps at a height of not
more than thee feet from the ground,
They sometimes nest in natural cavities
of trees.

132 THE OOLOGIST.

A pair have nested in a natural cavity
of a butternut tree near this place for
six years at least.

The flesh of this species is sometimes
used for food, but it is rather highly
flavored with ants.

The usual number of eggs is seven,
but nests containing nine, and even
eleven are sometimes found. Whena
set contains more than seven they fre-
quently show a great variation in size.

W. H. OLNEY,
Poland, Ohio.

Phainopepla, or Black-crested Flycatcher.
(Phainopepla nieus.)

Hab.—Mountainous regions of the south-
western provinces of the United States and
northern Mexico; south to Orizaba, Cape St.
Lucas, plateau of Mexico.

Deseription. Male—Hnutirely glossy bluish-
black; the inner webs of all the primary quills
With a large white patch, the outer margins
slightly edged with ashy as also are lateral tail
feathers externally.

Female.—Brownish-ash above, lighter below;
the white of inner web of quills obsolete, the
greater coverts and quills edged externally
With whitish, the anal and crissal feathers
edged and tipped with the same. The lateral
tail feathers with narrow edge of white exter-
nally toward end.

Both sexes with a lengthened, pointed, nar-
row occipital crest. Tail almost fan-shaped
and rounded. Length, 7.60; wing, 3.80; tail,
4 35.

This interesting bird, the only known
species of the genus phainopepla, par-
takes both in appearance and habits of
the characteristics of the Wax-wings
and Fly-catchers. It was first observed
in the United States in 1852, when Col’
McCall secured a specimen in Califor-
nia. It loves the secluded retreats of
wooded n.ountain sides or the timbered
borders of mountain streams. In hab-
its itis somewhat gregarious. It sub-
sists upon insects and berries which
grow upon a species of mistletge.

Near Santa Barbara, Cal., this species
occurs in small numbers. Last year
these were materially increased by mi-
grants, which had found their way
through the rocky defiles of the coast
range mountains, froma more southern
but perhaps less salubrious clime. In
my rambles last spring [ stumbled up-

on a spot frequented by these birds.

Back of the city of Santa Barbara
flows a small stream that finds its
source high up in the neighboring
mountains. Its course, is one of re-
markable beauty and grandeur, such as
only ragged mountains can afford, is
marked by falls, rapids and pools in
ever changing variety. Surging through
narrow clefts, dashing among boulders
and over precipices, and resting here
and there in dark, quietsome nooks,
the crystal waters wend their wild but
brief career to the deep. This rugged,
untamed district is clothed in dense
vegetation. Grasses and sedges, vines
and shrubs, with their interlacing ten-
drils, render progress slow and difficult
A host of mighty trees, whose sturdy
trunks towering beside the granite
walls often furnished the only means of
decent to the waters murmuring in the
gorge far below, skirt the stream, and
throw the tangled growth beneath into
a shade thet is not penetrated by the
mid-day sun. As the stream nears the
city it enters a valley, which, notwith-
standing a few human habitations,
seems to linger in its pristine wildness.
This valley is,the favorite resort of birds
of many species. Save when the dis-
eordant shrieks of a hawk silences
momentarily the festive choristers, or
night induces a quiet rest which is bro-
ken by the occasional strains of a
Thrasher’s mid-night song, this pleas-
ant dell echoes and re-echoes with the
many melodies of the sylvan choirs.

I spent many an hour in this valley
last spring in company with the birds,
studying their habits or listening enrap-
turedly to their joyous songs. As I was
whiling away a few hours in this favor-
ite spot on the 15th of last May some
boys brought me for identification a set
of eggs which they had just taken. I
could not identify them. The boys then
guided me to a tree not far away and
picked from the grounds a small mass
of weeds. It was a flat, mis-shaped,
loosely fabricated affair. This was

THE OOLOGIST. 133,

the nest. It had been situated upon

a horizontal branch of the tree about
ten feet from the ground. Mean-
while the birds made their appear-

ance. Both possessed crests; the
male, a dashing, restless fellow, was
of a bluish-black color, and as
he flew I noticed a white patch under
each wing. The female was of a duller
hue but quite as restless as her mate.
I supposed they were phainopepla nitens
and subsequentl » found my conject-
ure correct. I resolved to visit the
place on the following day.

Early morning found me again in
this retreat. By the stream several spe
cies of Humming-birds, whose resplen-
dent plumage flashed in the gleam of
day, darted hither and thither among
the blossoming plants culling their nec-
tarean food while poised on murmuring
wringlets before the varied-hued flow-
ers. In numbers the Anna’s probably
excelled, yet the Allen’s was numerous,a
few Alexander’s, or Black-chinned were
noticed and an occasional Costa’s, which
had wandered iuto this retired nook,
was recognized by its violet gorget.
From a neighboring upland came the
cheery whistle of the Meadowlark
while in the vale there surged a flood
of melodious song, the rippling accents
breaking high up the sides of thd adja-
cent mountains. Warblers and Wrens
in well tuned lays, Thrashers and Mock-
ing-birds in extravagant medleys, and
Finches in joyous songs joined in this
happy orchestra of the woods, while
the tentative warblings of the Towhee,
the querulous notes of the Pewee and
the mournful coo of the Dove broke oe-
casionly upon the ear.

Hopeful of making tbe desired dis-
coveries, with eyes alert, I proceeded
slowly along the valley. My way led
through a patch of cacti; while in the
midst of these a startled Mourning
Dove fluttered noiselessly from a cactus
at my side; upon one of the thorny
leaves I found her nest andeggs. A
moment later a House Finch betrayed

her nest by a precipitous dash there-
from after a scramble among the spiny
leaves, I found her nest and five eggs.
A second set of the latter species to-
gether with a set of the California Tow-
hee were taken from oak trees in the
vicinity.

A male Phainopepla next attracted
my attention by his strange antics. He
fluttered about a tree that was set some.
what apart from the others uttering all
the while a ‘sweet bell-like note. As
there was evidently something of inter-
est to him upon one of the lower bran-
ches of the tree. J immediately consti-
tuted myself .a committee on investiga- —
tion. When I drew near I saw its nest
upon a horizontal branch about twelve
feet from the ground and to my joy
found in it two fresh eggs. While I
was after the nest the male flew from
tree to tree uttering its peculiar note.
The female appeared upon the scene
just in time to witness the destruction
of her home and immediately joined
her mate in his mournful demonstra-
tions. During my subsequent search I
noticed about a dozen of the birds but
secured no more specimens.

About ten days later a fellow oologist
and myself visited this avian haunt.
Nature was exultant under the genial
semi-tropic sun, the air rang with the
melodies of the merry choristers of this
wooded dell; now and then a Turkey-
Buzzard on sable wings swept silently
over the little valley,or a Western Red-
tail, reconnoitering for its prey, rose in
expansive circles higher and higher in
the unclouded firmament. Among the
gay-liveried inhabitants of the valley
that rendered themselves conspicuous
in their sportive flights were a number
of this species.

The Phainopepla is of a restless, irres-
olute, suspicious disposition. When
perched it glances fretfully about utter-
ing all the while its sweet, bell-like note
and now and then giving its ample tail
a nervous jerk. In form it is slender
and active, the long tail and crest are

134

prominent features. On the wing it is
light and graceful, and in these evolu-
tion, the white spots on the wings, visi-
ble only when the wings are spread, are
‘are very noticeable. At times it dash-
es, in an irregular course, high into the
air in pursuit of some insect;or pretend-
ing to enter upon a protracted flight, it
mounts to a considerable elevation
where in fluttering along in the ether-
‘al blue it forms a pretty sight, but sud-
‘denly its course is checked and with a
few downward sweeps and extravagant
flutters it disappears in the foilage of a
‘distant tree.

During the few hours we spent in
this delightful place we secured four
‘sets, two of two eggs and two of three
‘eggs each; several other nests were
found but either on account of the in-
accessibility of the nests or the advan-
‘eed stage of incubation, no eggs were
obtained. The nests were located
‘either in crotches or on horizontal
limbs at an elevation varying from
‘eight to twenty feet. The first nest
was found in a willow; the others were
placed in oaks.

The nest of the Phainopepla is a curi-
‘ous structure composed of soft, light-
colored vegetable fibres into which are
woven a few grasses and stems. It is
flat—the depression being very slight
and measures about four inches in di-
ameter.

The eggs ase oddities. The ground
color is creamy white or grayish, speck-
led over the entire surface with dark
brown and blackish. The coloration
varies sometimes. In a set collected by
the writer, was an egg on which the
spots were congregated about the lar-
ger end, while in the same set the other
egg (the set numbering two) was heay-
ily spotted all over and had a long
black dash down the side. The com-
plement of eggs is two or three; their
average dimensions are about 90.x.69.

In conclusion, I may say that the
Phainopepla is one of the most interest-

THE OOLOGIST.

ing birds that has passed under my ob-
servation. Its attractive appearance,
eccentric habits and odd nests and eggs —
render it, to me at least, a most inter-
esting bird.
H. C. LiLxig,
Ann Arbor, Mich. ~

>-—<—= ><

After Golden Hagles.

Qn the 29th of February last my
friend F.A. Schneider and myself start-
ted out in quest of Golden Eagles or
rather their eggs. Equipped with a
good pair of climbers, and a strong
suit of old clothes, we started on our
ride of ten miles into the mountains.
We had gone about six miles and were
passing a large live oak tree when my
friend cried out:—‘‘Hold on there ! wait
a minute.”

I pulled up and he jumped out and
proceeded to climb the oak. I didn’t
know what he was after, but as he is
not in the habit of climbing trees for
nothing, I waited expectantly and ina
few minutes I was pleased and surpris-
ed to see him descend bearing the
dainty nest and eggs of an Anna’s
Hummingbird. He had seen the bird
fly from the tree and rightly supposed
a nest to be there. We continued on
into the mountains and were soon
scouring their sides.

After walking but a few miles we
discovered our first eagle’s nest situated
near the top of an immense pine about —
seventy-five feet high. The tree was
situated near the top of a moutain so
that the nest overlooked a rocky gulch.
Deciding that the nest contained eggs
I strapped on my climbers and com-
menced the ascent while my friend sat
down comfortable at the foot of the
tree and gave advice. The first limbs
were about forty feet up and they were
rotten but I was aided much in climb-
ing by a slight incline of the tree tow-
ard the canon billow.

As I reached a point about half way

THE OOLOGIST.

tup out popped Mrs. Eagle,giving me a
“full view of her coal-black under parts,
sand gracefully soared out over the can-
“on enabling me to see the sheeny cop-
per color of her back and wings.

Now fully assured that the nest con-
‘tained eggs. I pushed on with new vig-
-or and soon reached the top. There I

was doubly thrilled—first at sight of
‘two beautiful eggs reposing so innocent-
lently in the nest and second at the
yawning abyss which now lay directly
below me.

Thinking it the safest way I lowered
‘the eggs ina small cloth bag which I

had brought for the purpose.

They were cream colored, blotched
“with light brown and measured 2.69

x 2.18 and 2.68x2.12 which is rather
«small I think.
The nest was about five feet in dia-
meter made of oak sticks and lined
‘with long dry grass. After blowing the
egos that they might be more safely
-ecarrried, we hunted around for some
time and managed to find another nest
but sad to relate it was empty. I was
‘consoled however, by tinding several
“empty, but fresh nests of the Western
, Red-tailed Hawk which we remember-
~ed and put down for our next trip.

While returning to our conveyance

“we noticed a number of the pretty lit-

tle Californian Bush Tits and searched:

-a few moments for nests but failed to
find any, and so coneluded it to be too
searly for them. We returned home
well satisfied ina tired but most jubi-
lant mood.
WILFRED H. OsGoopn,
San Jose, Cal.

Among the ‘‘Blue-jrays.”’

Of all the birds that freqnent the
“woods, the streams and the meadows of
‘this dear old state, at least of this part
ofit. I do not know of asingle species
that I like better chan this diminutive
‘Specimen of bird life.

Although a number of birds begin

185
building before the “‘Blue-grays” come
(which is about March 20th). I never
feel that the collecting season has real-
ly begun until I hear their well-known
notes coming from the top of some tall
gum or pine, as they are rather timid
about-coming down in low trees until
later in the season.

At this time they have a rather dis-
contented note, but a little later, when
Mr. Bluegray begins courting his best
girl, his notes, though subdued, are
very sweet and musical and much more
contented.

By the by, dear reader, are all the
birds mated off in mating season? Or,
are there somn who can find no mate?
Did you ever see an old maid or an old
bachelor among the feathered tribes?
Iam quite sure I never did.

But I am wandering from my sub-
ject. If yon listen very attentively you
will hear him singing. He don’t seem
to be singing to anybody but himself,
as he hops around among the branches
of that oak, engaged in hunting insects,
I expect the secret of his happiness is
that he is engaged in another way, or
perhaps is already married.

But the busiest time of his life is
when he is preparing a home for his
family. We will watch that one over
there in that gum tree. See how he is
tugging at that stubborn piece of lichen
but he perseveres until he pulls it off,
and then away he flies to his nest on
yonder oak limb.

He jumps on the nest, re-arranges
what his mate has just put there,
changes his own piece several times
til he gets it just right and then down
he darts to the ground to gather some
fine grass within two yards of where
we stand watching him, then back to
the nest again. .

The next minute we lose sight of him
in a clump of briars, but soon see him
return to his nest, with his bill full of
spider-webs, which he proceeds to stick
on the nest here and there.

Then perhaps, we will see him fly

136

down to that swampy spot and return
laden with fern-down which he gather-
ed from the stalks of ferns. This ma-
terial he puts on the inside for a lining
but there is very little difference be-
tween the lining and any other part of
the nest.

And all this time he has not eaten a
mouthful, that we can see, nor have I
ever seen him eat in building time,
though I suppose of course he must
eat on the sly.

The Blue-gray Gnatcatcher has some
curious ideas about building, as the
facts from my note book will show.

On April 5, 1890, my brother and my-
self were out in the woods looking for
nests. I found my first Blue-gray nest
of that season in a black gum tree, and
a little while afterwards he found an-
other nest in the same tree within three
feet of mine, which was being built by
the same pair of birds.

Thad never heard of such a case be-
fore and was naturally very much as-
tonished, but there can’t possibly be
any mistake about it, as 1 would watch
one bird put material on one nest, then
get more material and put it on the
other nest, and its mate would do the
same thing.

They kept this up until the nests were
about half done when they quit the
nest I found completed the other.

When I went to collect the nest,
something must haye fallen into it, as
I found two broken eggs and one good
‘one, which J have now.

Another peculiarity about them is
that they will starta nest in one place
and then tear it up and build another
nest of the same material.

Tfound a Blue-gray building a nest
in asmall pineon April 18, 91. Seven
days afterwards I went back to see how
she was getting along and caught her
tearing up her old nest and carrying it
to build a new nest about 100 yards dis-
tant, in a much larger pine. I also
know of two other instances.

-

THE OOLOGIST.

The Blue-grays quit a great many
nests before they finish them. It has
been my experience that finding three
nests when building, I get one set of
eggs.

They build at all altitudes, from six
to sixty feet above the ground. The
don’t seem to care much for their sur-
roundings either, as I have found nests
in the depths of the woods and in a
peach tree in afront yard out in the
country; in lonely swamps and almost
directly over a public road.

I don’t suppose there is any use de-*
scribing the eggs of the Blue-gray,for I
expect a majority of my readers (if I
have any) have one or more specimens
in their cabinets, bnt some may not
know how many eggs generally make
up a set.

In this locality the average number is
five, often four and very seldomsix. [
have never found a set of six myself,
but they have been found in this loeali-
ty by friends of mine.

Blue-grays are pretty common about
here, and thetr nests are very easily
found, owing to the fact that they build
and do nothing else for a certain time,
so that if you find a Blue-gray during
that time you are pretty apt to find q
nest also.

But methinks [ see this article re-
treating to Mr. Lattin’s waste basket in
ignominious flight, so I waste no more
time on it.

ALBERT R. HAYWARD, JR.,
Columbia, 8S. C,

pt

Treatment of Cases of Ivy Poison.

Seeing in a back number of the O6Lo-
GIST an article in reference to the poi-
son sumach,I thought it might be of in-
terest to some of the readers to hear my
experience with the poisnn Ivy.

Poison ivy is a plant which gives the
oologist no end ofannoyance; no mat-
ter how guarded he may be during his
visits into the country, he is sure if hig_

THE OOLOGIST.

excursions are frequent to have poison
continually on some part of his face or
arms.

Of course there are exceptions: there
are those who will not take it only in
cases of great exposure; while there
others who can hardly go near the vine
without receiving ill effects from it.

There are diverse remedies coming
irom different sources, but most efficient
eure which has come to my knowledge is
a solution of 1 part of baking soda in
four parts of strong ammonia, diluted
with four parts of water. The ammo-
nia or soda would each independently
effect a cure but the ammonia would
cause the parts effected to fester, while
the soda would have the opposite effect
but with less dispatch.

The effeet of the combination, how-
ever, is such that, if the poison is taken
when it first appears, will kill it in two
or three applications. It is best during
treatment not to become over-heated
more than is necessary as this is a con-
dition very favorable to the progress of
the rash.

Sugar of lead is a remedy which is
highly recommended by some persons,
but it does not possess the strength re-
quired in severe cases. A cure may be
effected by cleansing frequently and
thoroughly with warm water and strong
laundry soap.

The most difficult organs to treat for
this disorder are the eyes. The solu-
tion mentioned would be very injurious
to the sight; the only resort therefore is
salt and water. This should be made
weak at first, until the eyes become
used to it. They should be bathed fre-
quently, and never rubbed.

Often when they are very much swell-
ed a poultice of bread and buttermilk
will be found to havea very soothing
effect.

This poison vine grows over a very
large expanse of the United States, but
if collectors would make it a point to
destroy every plant they meet with, it

187

would soon become appreciably

scarcer.

GEO. T. HERRINGTON,
Lawrence, Kan.

; <= o-
A Trip After Beach Birds.

My cousin and I had long been talking
of taking a trip to IpswichBeach,in order
to obtain some specimens of the Beach-
birds. It was on a Saturday before
Labor Day; cloudy dark, and the wind
was north-east, when we boarded the
train for Ipswich. On reaching the
station, we started to walk to the beach
which isalong five miles from the town.
We had proceeded about two miles
toward our destination, when in turn-.
ing a bend in the road, we came in
sight of a large bird perched on an oak
tree. By careful managing my cousin
secured him just as he flew. He proved
to be a fine specimen of a Red-tailed
Hawk, (Buteo borealis).

We reached Lakeman’s Beach, as it is
called, at about nine o’clock a. m., and
immediately dug a pit and set our de-
coys.

It-was a fine sight to see the coasters
go by, and watch the waves dash
against the hard white sand, with a
noise like a peal of thunder. This place
is on the open sea, with no land nearer
in the east than Europe. Back of this
beach, which by the way is about five
miles long, is about half a mile of sand
hills, in the hollows of which are pools
of water and cranberry beds, and where
the Black Ducks are numerous in
spring. This is also the place where a
specimen of Baird’s Sparrow was first
taken in the east. Back of these sand
hills are miles and miles of marsh land,
intersected by numerous rivers and
creeks, and dotted here and there with
wooded islands.

But to go on with the trip; we killed
fifteen Least and Semipalmated Sand-
pipers on the beach, and then went
over to the marshes. We obtaineda

138

boat, and rowing among the creeks,
soon started a flock of Pectoral Sand-
pipers, from which we obtained six.
After rowing about for some time and
seeing nothing, and as it had begun to
rain, we decided to start for home,
which we did after mooring our boat
and shooting a Spotted Sandpiper. We
reached home about dark, thoroughly
soaked, but having had a good time,
and adding some specimens to our col-
lection.
F. A. Brown,
Beverly, Mass.

>_< >_+

Not Unusual.

Editor of Oologist:

I had a little experience yesterday
which I expect nearly all oologists have
had, but as] have never seen any of
them in your paper I thought I would
write you mine. Yesterday my partner
came tome and said he knew where
there was a Hawk’s nest and as he
couldn’t get off from his business, he
would like for me to go and climb to it.

About four o’clock I started out on
horse-back with a couple of compan-
ions, and we found the tree without
much trouble for he had deseribed the
the position very accurately. We all
got down and hitched our horse and
then the fun began. The tree was a
white oak about four foot through and
it was about twenty feet to the first
limbs. I did not carry my irons for I
didn’t think I would need them, but I
did. After about fifteen minutes of
pushing and punching -with a rail or
two I finally succeeded in reaching the
the first limb. From the first limb to
the second was about ten feet and I
had to throw a rope over it and pull
myself up and while I was straining
and pulling and the dust and bark was
falling in my eyes and shirt bosom, the
boys on the ground were encouraging
me with such remarks as this, ‘‘It is
nice and cool down here.”

THE OOLOGIST.

“That don’t make me tireda bit.”

“What must I tell your mother,” and
such as that. The last was when I had —
got pretty well up. Then they began ©
to speculate as to how many bones [ |
would break if I were to fall, and how F
they would break the news. I expect —
I made some remarks to them that had :
more strength than brotherly love in —
them. but they didn’t have any effect on ~
them. But I was fully repaid for all ~
my work when I found three fine eggs ~
of the Red-shouldered Hawk in the ©
nest. I let them down, and arrived
safely on the ground, after being nearly —
an hour and thirty minutes climbing ~
the tree.

Will some of the other friends please
give their experiences ?

W.w.B,
Mayfield, Kentucky.

sa aaa

Some of Our Louisiana Birds.

One of the distinctive Southern birds —
is the gaily colored Painted Bunting, ~
(Passerina ciris). He generally makes |
his appearance in this section of the ~
country somewhat late, in the latter ~
part of March or April; but he is a bus- |
iness bird and begins the work of nest ©
building shortly after his arrival.

With the assistance of the female he ©
puts together a rather pretty structure, ~
generally in the upright forks of a bush —
or on the limbs of a small tree. The ©
nest is composed of grass, rootlets, ©
small twigs, and paper when it is hand- ¥
dy. ‘Then the female deposits her eggs
while the proud father sits on adjoining %
twig and sings with all his little might.
In due time the younglings are hatched —
but they resemble in no wise the gaudy ~
colors of their father, but instead are of b.
the olive type of coloring of the female.
The nest is very often placed in orange
trees, and I have seen them, though”
rarely, in very tall trees, The eggs of”
the Painted Bunting are generally four ~
or five in number and are of a grayish —

THE OOLOOIST.

white, specked and spotted with red-
dish brown. They runin long diame-
ter from .73 to .81 and in short diame-
ter from .56 to .62.

The male bird does not obtain his
full plumage until the third year, when
he is certainly the handsomest plumag-
‘ed small bird we have. They are much
sought for here as cage birds, especial-
ly by the French element of the popu-
lation who call them “papes” or as it is
Americanized ‘‘paps.” They are gener-
ally trapped through the pugnacious
disposition of the male, by placing a
stuffed Painted Bunting inside of tha
trap-cage, in a defiant attitude. The
male sees him, and accepts the chal-
lenge and alighting on the outspread
Wing of the cage, is immediately trap-
ped by its closing on him. They are
kept in confinement just like canaries,
and in fact are often crossed with them.
They are soon tamed after being caught
and readily become use . to cage life.

The family of warblers in summer
is somewhat limited with us, but to
watch that beautiful little bird the Blue
Yellow-backed, or Parula Warbler is an
amply recompenses the lost. This hand-
some, active little fellow arrives here
about the middle of March, and spends
his time during March and part of
April, by wandering through the brush
and briar, and among the flags and
rushes, like the Maryland Yellow-throat.
But as soon as the warmer weather of
the latter part of April arrives, he tak-
eth unto himself a wife, and flies away
to the woods in search of a suitable
nesting place.

Here long festoons of the gray Spanish
moss hang from every limb. Ah, there
is just the one, and the newly wedded
pair soon weave and twist it into a de-
sirable form, with asmall hole at the
‘side for an entrance. The eggs are duly
deposited, some four or five in number
white and ground color, with spots of
various shades of brown, ranging in
size from .62 x .42 to .70 x .48.

139

The Parula Warbler probably lays
two sets of eggs in this southern lati-
tude as there are instances of eggs hayr
ing been taken in July.

The Bartramian Sandpiper is in some
parts a rather common migrant, but of
late years has become somewhat scarce.
It is highly esteemed for the table here,
and generally commandsa high price.
The flesh is certainly delicious and any
one who has tasted a ‘‘Papabote,” for
such is the name give them here by the
French, will affirm my statement. The
The Bartramian only occurs as a spring
and fall migrant, never remaining here
as it breeds much farther north.

Davie gives the eggs as ‘‘pale clay or
butf-spotted with umber and brown....
four in number, sizes 1.70 to 1.90 by
1.28.

The Yellow-crowned Night Heron, in
some parts of this state especially the
southern, isa very common bird. Its
flesh is highly esteemed by the Creoles,
but they eat anything that has wings,
A rookery of these herons which I visi-
ted (not a thousand miles away from
the city, by the way) consisted of about
an acre of cleared ground in the midst
of acypress swamp. This place had
been thickly grown up with willows
and here the Yellow-crowned, Little
Blue, and Louisiana Herons held forth
in company with the Anhinga or ‘‘Nig-
ger Goose’’ as it is locally called. And
such a chorus of-squawks, and screams
and squeals arose from that place that
you couldn’t hear yourself talk.

Every willow had two or three nests
in it, and there must bave been severaal
thousand birds in the rookery. And
now in conclusion let us speak of the egg
of the Yellow-crowned Night Heron, as
space is limited, and we must not im-
pose on the editor. There are general-
ly from three to six eggs in cach nest,
and they are of that blue tint peculiar
to all herons. They vary greatly in
sizes, ranging from as small as 1.60x1.14
to as large as 1.77x1.22, but it is next to

140

impossible to get a correct average on
this account.
“QuiscaLus” (A. B. B.,)
New Orleans, La.

<<>>

“A Step in the Right Direction.”

True to its principle, the O6LOGIST
has instituted another grand step in
the righ, direction; namely: the pub-
lishing of frauds, and the debarring
them from advertising in or contribu-
ting for that paper. Any one who could
come into the sacred circle of science and
covering himself with the holy cloak of
‘Jove of nature.” perpetrate dishonesty
on others, proves himself guilty of the
vilest of hypocrisy, and despite all pro-
testations of penitance and reform we
are bound to regard him with distrust,
until by along period of faithful, ear-
nest study and labor,he has proved that
his reform is genuine. This may seem
severe, but he has been guilty ofa hein-
ous crime andit is but right that he
should do penance accordingly.

It is as might be expected; one who
will thus cheat his neighbor does not
hesitate to steal material for those cheap
literary ( ? ) productions wherewith he
hopes to win a false fame.

Witness that one who has recently
been so thoroughly exposed that it is
superfluous to further mention his name
in a recent issue of a paper which is far
too good to be thus corrupted, publishes
an article of whlch all the meritorious
parts, are taken; without one word ot
credit being given, direct from a publi-
cation of the U. S. Department of Agri-
culture.

Another culprit says ‘‘I am sorry, I
will do so no more if you will not pun-
ish me”’ and then comes out and ranks
in the foolish style of a spoilt child who
has been punished just enough to be
made angry without correcting its
naughty spirit. It is time that such as
these were entirely expelled from the
ranks of honest collectors. We can

THE OOLOGIST.

stand it to be duped and defrauded, but
it isa diserace to usif we permit our
noble science to be dragged in tl
dust. ‘‘My house shall be called t
house of prayer but ye have made

a clen of thieves.” ,
It behooves us to support well t
paper that has set us the right exampl
Bb, S. BowDIsH. ~

A Winter Acquaintance.

Although winter in the Northe
States is a season of cold and snow,
is not without its charms to the or
thologist. What if the birds have fled.
the birds that made milder seasons y
cal with their songs—there is still left
hardier race that leads a merry life
out snowy woods, careless of the rig
ous weather that sends the others south.
ward.

The cheeriest of these winter re
dents are the sturdy chickadees. W ;
ever saw a sad or quiet chickadee?
When the wind howls the loudest and
the air is full of whirling snowflak
they may seem somewhat subdued
they scud from one pine thicket: to am
other, but a light-hearted ‘‘cheep,” now)

pression is only apparent. Like many
people it requires a few trials and but-.
fetings to bring out all that is best im
their natures. fe

The bird lover need never stay in-
doors for the want of something inter-)
esting afield. Not the least of a winter.
day’s pleasures is to be had in watch:
ing the chickadee. How they sport
and scramble about the tips of the:
branches! The dark pines and he
locks—reminders of summer in a wil
derness of white—are their chosen
haunts. Pass that way on some brig
morning and see how cheerfully th
take things, even finding time to pl
or to investigate that curious anim
that, warmly wrapped up, comes plow-
ing through.the snow on two legs to
visit them. |

| When the snow falls lightly and the

evergreens hold so much of it that the
ight in the woods is dim, it is worth go-
ing miles to see the chickadees flitting
about the laden branches and shaking
‘the snow down in clouds—shoveling
their paths, as it were, for truly their
oroughfares are drifted up at such
nes.

vantage. Their spirits seem to rise
/with the temperature. Leaving their
mmou song they attempt a warble;
d the attempt is not to be despised.
lfis expressive of contentment and
happiness and might be represented as
“Ohee-dle-wa chee-dle-we,” delivered
in a liquid tone with an occasional ex-
tra “wa at the end. Sometimes the
last syllable be omes “wank” with a
distinctly nasal sound which the birds
have doubtless learned from long asso-
tiation with their friends the Nut-
hatches.

| The birds appear to be rather gregar-
ious, moving through the woods in
loose flocks and continually calling to
jeach other. These flocks are probably
the same family parties that we saw in
‘autumn wending their way along some
‘aerial path through the treetops and
sleaning food as they went. By this
ime the young have learned to say;
“Chick-a-day-day-day” like their elders;
but then they invariably pronounced it
““cheet-a-day-da”’ in a querulous voice
anlike a:chickadee’s. It was doubtless
he young, also, that were lisping
“e-r-e-e-p” as if afraid to fly.

/ ‘Asthe bre2ding season approaches,
e birds eall ‘‘e-phre-be” ina high clear
histle, much louder than one would
€xpect from so small a bird. The
whistle ean be perfectly imitated and
lever fails to excite the birds who im-
mediately begin searching for the au-
(thor of the call. In spring they may
be decoyed almost within reach by this

sets them to vociforously repeating

Means; but in late summer the call only.

ee | THE OOLOGIST. 141

‘““chick-a-day” with endless repetitions
of the ‘‘day” as if they had forgotten
how to stop.
WILLARD N. CLUTE,
Binghamton, N. Y.

From Wisconsin.

Bird migration is in full blast here
now, March 8th the temperature and
sky springlike, the snow melting, and
the streams and ditches running over,
Wild Geese flying northward,. and the
Robins and Bluebirds tuning their
throuts for their songs of spring.
Wednesday morning ditto. But before
noon a blizzard struck, snow was whirl-
ing and whizzing before the sharp gale
from the wild and wooly west, the little
streams didn’t trickle, the Robins and
Bluebirds didn’t sing, the Wild Geese
acknowledged themselves gooses, and
not another spring bird was seen until
the 24th. The blizzard in the north and
northwest was terrible. March 24thRob-
ins and Bluebirds were quite numerous
and on the 25th I saw Robins, Bluebirds,
Blackbirds(Bronzed Grackles)and heard
Killdeers and Meadow Larks, and saw
a great many pairs of Prairie Horned
Larks. To-day the 26th some boys told
me they saw eight Prairie Chickens go-
ing west (or bust). Geese and Ducks
plenty.

Geo. W. VOSBURG,
Columbus, Wis.

Are Crows Beneficial?

Mr. Trostler’s remarks on ‘The
‘rows Around Omaha” in March OdLO-
GIST are interesting, but he is laboring
under a delusion in believing that
Crows are more beneficial than other-
wise.
For the information of those Ornithol-
ogists who have not read ‘“The Food of
Crows” by Walter B. Barrows, Ass. Or-
nithologist, U.S. Dep. of Agriculture, IL

142

quote from his report (Agr. Dep. Report
1888. Pp. 498—534) the following

“SUMMARY OF EvIDENCE FRoM ALL
SCOURCEs.

It appears, therefore, from a careful
consideration of all testimony, publish-
ed and un-published, that—

I. Crows seriously damage the corn
crop, and injure other grain crops usu-
ally to a less extent.

II. They damage other farm crops
to some extent, frequently doing much
mischief.

III, They are very destructive to the
eggs and young of domestic fowls.

IV. They do incalculable damage to
the eggs and young of native birds.

V. They do much harm by the dis-
tribution of seeds poison ivy, poison su-
mach,and perhaps other noxious plants.

VI. They do much harm by the de-
struction of beneficial insects.

On the other hand—

VII. They do much good by the de-
struction of injurious insects.

VIII. They are largely beneficial
through their destruction of mice and
other rodents.

IX. They are valuable occasionally
as scavengers.

The careful examination of large
numbers of stomachs, and the critical
study of the insect food of the Crow
may change materially the present as-
pect of the question; but so far as the
facts at present known enable a judge-
ment to be formed, the harm which Crows
do appears to far outweigh the good.”

Personal experience confirms the con-
clusions arrived at by Mr. Barrows.

COLEOPTERIST.
Wee oD ey ake
Fredericksburg, Va.

Spring Openers.

It is believed by many that birds and
animals are good weather prophets,
and that their migrations are to an ex:
tent governed by the coldness of the

THE OOLOGIST.

winter which is to follow, know when —
winter is over. To a certain extent, —
they do know, I think, when it is likely —
to rain, but that they know whether a —
winter will be severe or not is a mis- —
take, in my mind, and know no more ~
about an approaching cold wave than I,
until it has become evident. I have
seen splendid examples of their igno~ ~
rance this Spring, and watched with —
much interest their movem ents North-
ward, and then returning South, in the ©
face of a cold wave. j
Robins and Bluebirds have been mi- |
grating Northward since the first of ©
Feb., and I’ve seen thousands of Robins
pass over in one day, only to be driven ©
bavk the next. They go in strings and ~
droves like Blackbirds, but return dash-_
ing into the trees suddenly. Bluebirds ~
fly in smaller droves, sometimes a hun- ~
dred in a flock. The deep ravines and ©
sunny hillsides furnish splendid retreats, ~
for them during such cold spells, and 7
here they remain for perhaps a week at”
a time, feeding on Dogwood and Black
Gum berries. ;
Robins rarely sing with us here, yet
on a bright clear morning, favorable for”
migration, these hillsides and hollows —
fairly ring with their metalic clatter
and the Blea ds fall in line with a
“forward forward” for the North. :
Even Nature herself seemed to have
been canght unawares this last cold”
snap, and not only were birds driven”
back by thousands, but some were nest=_
ing, and fruit which was blooming, and —
the more tender plants were killedy i
The earlier part of March was warm 2
and sunny, and it seemed as if spring
was here, It turned cold on the 14th —
and by the 16th there was eight inchea
of snow and thermometer 12° above ©
zero, and remaining so for nearly a
weak I went to the Bluebirds’ nest, :
in the old stump down by the spring, —
and found it contained four eggs,
though Mrs. B. was not to be seen.
When it moderated a little, a few days. 4
later I returned to the nest and to my —

{

E
Ee
\
b
:
;
ft

' beheld three young birds.
hatch was caught in alike predicament,

THE OOLOGIST.

surprise found her setting on the eggs.
Thinking it useless for her to set on
frozen eggs, I decided to remove them,
and tried to ‘shoo’ her off, but she
would not ‘‘shoo,” and with all the
pounding and jarring on the stump,
and poking with sticks, I could do, I
could not persuade her to come out, so
I left her to her folly(?). As my wife
and I happened by the other day, hunt-
ing wild flowers, we peeped in the
stump, and to our great astonishment,
A Mrs. Nut-

and I presume several others.

I did not learn what became of the
Yellow-rumped Warblers during this
cold spell, but they are here in force
now, along with Black and White
Creepers, Bewick’s Wrens, Chippies,
and to-day April ist., a Dove cooes
mournfully. Turkeys have gobbled
Since early in Feb. and will continue
till about May 1st. Then their meat. is
strong and tough, and the females are
busy nesting. There are few places
better than this to study migration, and
from now on, each day will bring some

new arrivals.

C.4k PEBAs)
Clinton, Ark.

The Wood Ibis.

(Tantalus loculator.)

Is found in considerable numbers
throughout South Florida, and ean be

found in droves of from about a dozen
to one hundred, usually in the more re-

mote cypress swamps and extensive
marsh districts, but sometimes in close

_ proximity to settlements.

They are large and handsome birds

standing about four feet high, of the

purest white except wing tips which

~are black, the head, and about six inch-
es of the neck is covered with a tough
_ Skin devoid of feathers.

Such is the general appearance of the

-moss and green bay leaves.

143

bird, but it is more especially of its
nesting habits of which I wish to speak.

It was the 238d of March that I started
with a friend to hunt for a rookery of
which we had neard, we traveled all
day with horse and buggy, and put up
at a farm house for the night. We were
out bright and early the next morning,
and after a tiresome drive of several
miles through dreary flatwoods and
mazes of ponds, we came in sight of
the coveted cypress as such a place is
called.

The lake or pond was about tof a
mile long and 4 mile wide, quite deep
and clear, and was surrounded witha
wide fringe of eypress trees heavily la-
den with Spanish moss.

Out in the center of the lake wasa
small island about one hundred feet in
diameter, with about three feet. eleva-
tion above the water. There were sey-
eral large cypress trees besides a thick
undergrowth of bay trees. What a
sight met our gazefrom the shore, the
trees on the island were white with the
Ibises standing close together on the
limbs, besides a number of American
Egrets, Florida Cormorants and Anhin-
gas.

The Ibises were nesting and we could
see anumber of the birds sitting on
their nests. Most of the nests were on
the island, but we found two trees near
the shore, one had five nests and the
other seven.

After looking over the field I pro-
ceeded to climb the first tree, a large
cypress, the nests were placed fifty feet
from the ground and were saddled flat-
ly on the top the top of a horizontal
limb. One limb had four nests in a
~ow and were so close together that
their edges touched. <A typical nest
wa: eighteen inches across by five inch-
es deep outside, onlv slightly depressed
inside, made of coarse sticks lined wit h
The eggs
were chalky white and nearly always
blood stained, the average set is three

144

but we found sets of two and four, size
about 2.75x1.75.

We made araft after several hours
hard work and proceeded to the island
where most of the nests were built.
There were about twenty nests of the
Ibis, besides several nests each of the
American Egret, Florida Cormorant
and Water Turkey or Anhinga. The
Ibises and Cormorants nested in the
tall cypresses while the Anhingas and
Eegrets were content to take the lower
bay trees.

We took several sets of Ibis and Cor-
morant and one set of the American
Egret and there sat down to rest and
watch the birds.

It was a grand sight to see the great
drove of Ibis high up in the air sailing
around in great sweeping circles, fol-
lowing each olher in regular proces-
sion.

It is a curious sight to see the Wood
Ibes sitting on their nests with necks
drawn in, and at any distance the nest
can scarcely be seen, and it gives birds
the appearance of sitting there asleep.

A great pest of all rookery birds is
the Crow, and if an Ibis leaves the nest
foran instant down comes the black
dare devil with a scream of delight and
grabs an egg by sticking his bill into it
and flying away. The Ibis seems to be
very much afraid of them and I have
seen a crow almost take an ege out
from under one of them and they would
croak and draw back their bills as if to
strike, but never did.

As we left the lake homeward bound
I took a last look at the beautiful scene
and rather regreted that I had beena
party in breaking up precious treasures.

WILLARD ELIOT,
Tampa, Fla.

><>

Nesting Dates.

Inall works on odlogy accessible to
me, there isa marked deficiency as to
nesting dates. I therefore invite the

THE OOLOGIST.

sending of data of this kind from all |
collectors in Mich., Wis., Ia., Minn., —
and the Dakota’s—and covering the fol- —
lowing species. Send all the data you —
have, and all you note this season. The ~
results will be dnly tabulated and pub- —
lished, credit being then given to whom
credit is due.
All Swimmers, Waders, and Raptores —
Woodpeckers, Flycatchers and Nut- —
hatch, Galline, Sparrows, and Vireos. —
The Chickadee, American Redstart,and ©
and Long-billed Marsh Wren.
Be accurate and circumstantial- I
cannot take time for any correspond- —
ence. :
P. B. PEABODY,
Owatonna, Minn,

Ornithologist Association.

SECRETARY’S REPORT.

At the March meeting of the Associa- —
ation the following Corresponding ~
Members were proposed and elected; ~~

Edward W. Hensinger, 315 King ©
William St., San Antonio, Tex.

William B. Caulk, Terre Haute, Ind. ©

At the April meeting C- J. Gillis, 1524 7
28th St., Washington, D. C., was elect- ©
an active member. a

The Secretary has receixed a list of ©
birds of Grand Forks Co., North Dako- 4
ta, from Rolla P. Curra, No. 25.0.A. @

He enumerates 102 species as occur- ©
ing within the county limits to his cer- ~
tain knowledge. a

The undersigned saw a short time ©
since arare bird for this locality, the
Pileated Woodpecker. 8

They are now very seldom seen so ©
near large towns.

A.B. FARNHAM,
Sec’y and Treas. of O. A,

A complete collection of Ohio birds, ~
including every variety Known to live —
within the boundaries of the state, will —
be an exhibit at the Exposition.

aaa po

THE OOLOGIST. 145

THE OOLOGIST,

A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY.
FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.
Editor and Publisher.

-Correspondence and items of interest to the
student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited
from all.

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.
Single Subscription - = 50c per annum
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The above rates include payment of postage by us.

Each subscriber is given two coupons, one good
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when presented with an order of $1.25 or over.
Send stamp for Premium List for obtaining new
subscribers.

Subscriptions must begin with either January
or July issues. Back numbers of the OoLoGIstT
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t-Remember that the publisher must be no-
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(ENTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SBCOND-CLASS MATTER.
rr

Careless Patrons.

Searcely a day passes but what we re-
ceive letters from our patrons contain-
ing errors in some form, many of which
we are able to rectify ourselves, but the
following are too much for us. They
will be attended to upon receipt of de-
ficiency of address:

F. H. Brooke, No Address

Frank Harrington ——— ‘ f

Meadville, Pa., No Name
Mexico, Mo. <“ ob
Barnesville, O. ‘ at
Knoxville, Tenn. ‘“ ue
Packages addressed to the following
persons have been returned us during
the past year, either through errors of
our own or insufficient address:
A. F. Gross, 108 W.62d St, New York.
Albert J. Brown, Oakland, Cal.
Edgar D. Brown, Austin, Tex.
A. P. Gwynne, Ft. Worth, Tex.

MARCH CONTEST.

Seventy-five (75) Judges.

Prize winners and credits received
by each were as follows:
1. Some of Our Thrushes. 283.
2. Notes from Southwestern Ohio 147.
3. Incessancy of the-Yellow Warbler’s

Song. 128.
4. Notes from the Virginia Coast. 119.
5. Zodtomy. 175.

Eleven other articles received credits
ranging from 9 to 68 each.

The successful judges, their recorded
number, and the order in which they
named the articles in their decisions
were as follows:

1. No.6—O. E. Crooker, Helena, Mon-
tana ly 3; 4052570.

2. No. 53—Alex. D. DuBois, Spring-
field, Ill.; 1, 4, 2, 3, 5.

3. No. 12—“m.H. Myles, Hamilton,
(Carnaiclas BB &, 24 al

4. No. 52—Bert H. Douglass, Burling-
tone Kamer oun. 4 te

5. No. 60—J. C. A. Meeker, Bridge-
port, Conn.; 3, 4, 2, 5, 1.
The above judges were the only ones

pee all of the prize winning arti-

cles.

Prizes were mailed the winners on
April 25th.

————_—_>—+ <> _>_+

The “Yellow Warbler’s Song.”

The article on the ~‘Incessancy of the
Yellow Warbler’s Song,” in the March
O6LoGIsT with its rather startling array
of figures proving Dendroica’s indomi-

146

table happiness and contentment, brings
to my mind a rather sad little incident
which came under my notice during the
autumn of 1890 while I was residing in
Ontario County.

Ido not remember the exact date,
nor have I the note book at hand which
records the whole instance, but it was
quite late, nearly all of the migrant
birds had left us for their winter resorts,
when one day, strolling in an orchard,
I chanced ona Yellow Warbler with a
broken wing, from all appearance fresh-
ly wounded.

With some difficulty I succeeded in
capturing him, and took him to the
house where I intended keeping him
until he should be better. However,
he refused to eat all food which I could
provide for him, and fearing that he
would starve I set him at liberty. For
a mouth or more he staid around
the house, unable to fly more than two
or three feet, yet always cheerful and
full of life.

What he lacked in wing power he
made up in capabilities for hopping. A
large grape vine spread over one side
of the house and festooned its Self about
my window. One morning while sit-
ting in my room, I heard some cheerful
remarksin a rather high pitched key,
nevertheless sweet, and social (what a
pity I did not understand the language)
and looking towards the open window
from which the sound proceeded I saw
little Dendroica perched on a sprig of
the grape vine, surveying me with evi-
dent wonder and curiosity.

Without doubt the remarks he had
addressed to me were questions and he
probably thought me very unsociable.
However, he was not discouraged with
this interview for thereafter he made
daily visits to my window and there he
would sit and watch me with the great-
est of curiosity while I wrote, dividing
his attention between this and _ his
breakfast (it must have been a slim one
at that season) which he gleaned from

THE OOLOGIST.

rome’ F Pere es

the leaves, and during this occupation —

he never failed to keep up a running

fire of rather absent minded sounding
remarks. He never sang, but these
questioning tones were more entertain-
ing, because they were more musical
unlike anything I ever heard from a
Warbler.

_ Gradually his visits became less and —
less frequent and finally ceased and [
It is doubtful if in ©

saw him no more.
hiscrippled condition he could either
migrate or stand the winters weather,

but let us hope the little musican still ©

lives.

It strikes me that Brother Posson in —
his enthusiasm over those “3420” songs —

makes one rather reckless suggestion.
What is commendable in a bird may be
condemnable ina human. He says, ‘“‘O

what a lesson for us of the genus homo ;
If we would only look on the ©

to learn.
bright side of things and do a IUitéle
more singing, etc.”

In his cheerful and ever contented ~
disposition we can not do better than —

to imitate our little songster, but were
some of us, at least, to sing 3420 songs
per day, I am afraid that instead of the
world being ‘3420 times happier” it

would be that number of times more —

miserable.
B.S. BownpisH.

Wilson’s Snipe.

« ee

(Gallinago wilsoni,)

The sprightiy little Wilson’s or Jack

Snipe arrives in this vicinity from about

April 15 to May 10th, and are at times :

very abundant.
They are of a very tickle and nervous

disposition in many respects, especially
in the selection of feeding ground. They —
delight in low marshy and moist ground ~
but at times, they will take a fresh and ~
frequent high bushy meadow, and will ©
even (as I, myself have observed) poke ~
or bore into the ground in the same ~

Wanner as the American Woodcock

(Philohela minor). Their favorite feed-
ing grounds in this region, however are

on marshy meadow land, where cattle

are pastured, orin the interior about
fresh water springs, environed by oozy
swamps and thickets of willow, huckle-

_ berry or wild rose bnsh, where they feed

all day and at night migrate farther
northward, toward their breeding
grounds.

They remain with us about six weeks
and journey northward slowly, to Brit-

ish Columbia to breed, where they pair

and, the female lays a reddish-brown or

-yellowish-ash colored egg, about 1.50x1

.06 inches in size. The eggs are some-
times spotted, sometimes blotched or
Streaked wiih darker brown, the nest
being a slight depression in a low swam-
py meadow.

During a stroll across the meadows
north of this city yesterday, returning

. from a fruitless trip after Hawks’ eggs,

I saw several ‘‘wisps” of Jacks feeding
and piping their shrill tweet tweet socia-
bly mingling with the Meadow-larks.

While passing through here, and I
Suppose everywhere else, thousands of
the little fellows are slaughtered for the
table, and are considered, by many, the
most delicate of our feathered game and
as to their wholesomeness, I can testify,
myself, for although I preach ‘‘do not
kill our birds,” I have dropped a few to
my gun when I was out alone and the
temptation too great.

A little later in the season I will try
to describe Bartram’s Sandpiper (Bart-
ramia longicawda) and their habits, as
they breed here and stay here all sum-
mer.

Hoping I have not made the above
tedious and uninteresting, I am yours

in Odlogy and Ornithology,

ISADOR S. TROSTLER,
April 18, 1892. Omaha, Neb.

Notes from Southern Wisconsin.

While walking across an open mea-

THE OOLOOIST.

147

dow, on March 28, 1892, I suddenly
flushed a Prairie Horned Lark (0. a.
practicola), which, after flying a short
distance, hopped and fluttered along bes
sore me ina very suspicious manner;
on examining the place I discovered the
nest, a small, round hole sunken in the
ground and lined with dry grasses,
which contained four eggs. They were
so heavily speckled that the ground
color could hardly be seen, the whole
effect, however, being a greenish gray.
The nest was situated on a side-hill, fac-
ing the south, in a large field. I did
not take the eggs, as we now have a
law, protecting the nests and eggs of
nearly all species, and if there is any-
thing I believe in, it is the whole set of
‘“oame laws.” The eggs must have
been laid some days then, for on return-
ing to the place, April 2, I found that it
contained four very small, young birds,
which seemed to be all head, of which a
large per cent was eye. The Larks
were very abundant in the meadow and
Ihave no doubt but that there were
more nests.

The spring migration is well at hand,
and Robins, Song Sparrows, Bluebirds,
Grackles, Red-wing Blackbirds, Mar-
tins, ete., are common, The following
are the dates on which some species
were first observed for this spring:

Horned Lark, Feburary 13.

Canada Goose, March 5.

Robin, March 7.

Purple Grackle, March 24.

Bluebird, Mach 26.

Song Sparrow, March 29.

Red-wing Blackbird, March 30.

Purple Martin, April 1.

Flicker, April 2.

Fox Sparrow, April 9.

Hermit Thrush, April 15.

The Fox Sparrow is not common here
and occurs only “during migrations, in
greater numbers in the fall.

The Ducks did not seem to come
around our way in as large numbers as
usual, although many were shot, most-

148 THE OOLOGIST.

ly Blue-bills. Loons are common on
Delavan Lake, but not many are shot.
On April 17, while walking along the
shore, I noticed the foot of a bird stick-
ing out from a hollow stump. On ex-
amination it was found to bea dead
Loon which had probably been shot by
gunners last fall, and being wounded,
had crawled in there to die. I think
the Loons bred sparingly: around here
as I have noted them onDelavan Lake
during July in pairs, but I have never
found a nest.
NeEpD HOLLISTER,
Delavan, Wis.

From West Virginia.

I think egg collecting has § become
_(with many) a mere nest robbery, tor
what there is in it, ofjdollars and cents.
Unskilled boys and even negroes are
preying upon the nests -of our lovely
feathered inhabitants. for pecuniary
gain.

This is not what high-toned collectors
for personal scientific knowledge start-
ed out to do, and which such honorable
gentlemen do. They cotlect for a cabi-
net of preserved "egg-shells, odlogically
defining in the eggs what ornithology
taught previously in the birds—viz.—I
have learned, for instance, all about the
class of Thrushes, so that I know them
by their scientific and common names;
know their habits, and their hab-
itats, their voices and :their regimen.
Their colors and their structural fabric:
then, if I know this, I ought to know
also their eggs, when I see them, and
all that science teaches me, odlogically
about them; but if I only take their eggs
to trade on something classed more
utilitarian, I am neither a northy or-
nithologist or odlogist, but.a mere bird’s
nest robber for pay, and am classed by
true naturalists as a pot-hunter is among
is among sportsmen.

If this aggregation of nest robbery does
not receive the frown -of true odlogists:

between the House Sparrow and nest —
robbers, the feathered beauties will soon —
be as a tale that has been told. I think —
when a gentleman has aset of any spe- F
cies in hiscabinet,he should stop on that —
species, or at most he should be restrict- —
ed to procuring one {set for a feeble
friend. Vitor

>_> >

Prizes’ for Best Articles.

We have decided to give our |
patrons, each month, five prizes,
These prizes are to be awarded ©
to the five best articles appearing in the ©
O6LOGIST in which the offers are made, ~

For the five articles in thts (May) O6LO- a
GIst which are the most instructive, —
valuable and interesting we shall give as
follows:

1st prize—A Part of Maynard’s Birds 3
of Eastern North America, bound in ~
boards and leather.

2nd prize—Davie’s Key to the Nests
and Eggs of N. A. Birds, in e cloth,

3d prize—Same as 2d prize, in paper. —
4th prize—Hagerup’s ‘‘Birds of Green- —
land.”

5th prize—Lever aie s ‘‘Fremde Kier ;
Im Nest.”

For the June competition we will | 4
give a similar set of prizes,and through. ~
out the year the aggregate value of ~
these monthly prizes will not be less —
than ten dollars. The value of prizes
offered this month is $15.00.

The articles entering into competition —
must contain at least one hundred ~
words and we prefer that they do not
exceed seven hundred words, unless —
they fairly teem with very, very inter-
esting facts or happenings—Remember —
that ‘fancies,” ‘rehashes,” ‘sparrow ~
stories” and articles of a similar nature
are not solicited and will rarely ue
found “available.”

THE JUDGES: Yow have been sel.
ected to act as one of the Judges in
these Prize article contests, and your
decision must be promptly and fairly
given, and in no case later than the
10th of the month following the one on
which the OdLOGIST was issued upon —
which your decision is given.

Your decision for this month’s com-
petition must be mailed us not later
than June 10th. Write on the back ofa

:

‘to bring to the Fair.

postal card the articles which you have
decided to be the most valuable, instruc-
tive and interesting in this number of
Number the
the

OSLOGIST and mail to us.
articles in the which you think
prizes should be awarded.

We have also decided to give our
Judges five prizes, one to each of the
five whose decisions are nearest the
final award of prizes and in the April
competition the Judge whose list of
five articles is the nearest the awarded
list, we will give a copy of Davie’s Key
to the Nest and Eggs of N. A. Birds,
paper. 2d and3d each a Book relating
to Natural History, elegantly bound in
cloth and gilt. 4th and 5th each a set
of Noddy. In ease ofa tie, the earliest
mailed list takes the prize.

Address FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

>

World’s Fair Notes.

In the Government exhibit will ap-
pear all the relics, which are obtain-
able, of various Arctic exploring expe-
ditions.

Ostrich eggs artistically painted in a

rize competition, are to bea feature
in the exhibit made by Cape Colony,
South Africa.

The directors of the celebrated Ward’s
Museum at Rochester, N, Y., have de-
cided to expend $25,000 in making at
the Exposition a display of specimens
from all parts of the establishment.
The value of the exhibit will exceed
$100,000.

‘Baron de Jeune’s valuable collection
of prehistoric relics, it is believed, will
be secured for exhibition at the Fair.
It comprises many rare specimens from
caves in France. DeMaret, who made
the collection, spent twenty-five years
in the work.

Karl Hagenbeck, famous for his abili-

_ty in taming wild animals, is devoting

his time in Hamburg toa group of lions,
tigers, jaguars and hyenas that he expects
C This group con-
sists of 50 animals, all to be keep in one
big cage. Hagenbeck has already spent

a fortune on the group.

Costa Rica has one of the largest and

THE OOLOGIST.

149

finest archzological collections in the
world, showing many Columbian relies
and historic data relating to the dis-
covery of America. This collection
goes to Madrid this year for the Span-
ish Exposition and will afterwards go
to Chicago.

-THE ODELL
DiGi eV Fel ie

$20 will buy the ODELL TYPE WRI-
TER with 78 characters, and $15 for the
SINGLE CASE ODELL, warranted to
do better work than any machine made.

It combines sIMPLICITyY with DURA-
BILITY, SPEED, EASE OF OPERATION,
wears longer without cost of repairs
than any other machine. Has no ink
ribbon to bother the operator. It is
neat, substantial, nickel-plated, perfect,
and adapted to all kinds of type writ-
ing. Like a printing press, it produces
sharp, clean, eligible manuscripts.
Two or ten copies can be made at one
writing. Any intelligent person can be-
come an operator in two days. We of-
fer $1,000 to any operator who can
equal the work of the DOUBLE CASE
ODELL.

Reliable Agents and Salesmen want-
ed. Special inducements to Dealers,

For Pamphlet giving Indorsements,
ete., address m2t

ODELL TYPE WRITER CO.,

358-364 Dearborn St. Chicago, Il.

CSlearance Gale.

Any person sending us
12e before July 1, 1892,
we will send prepaid the
following articles, viz:

Mexican Resurrection
Plant, Instantaneous
Photograph Camera(will
be sold separately for
10¢c,) 2 Japanese Nap-
kins, 1 Leat from Japan-
ese Book, 1 pkg. Scrap
Pictures, 10 varities of
Foreign Stamps, Coupon
good for 25¢ on an order
of $1.00 or over.

The entire package
will be sent you_by re-
turn mail, prepaid for on-

2c.
Pe nave in stock a lot
of desirable Novelties
and as we are going out

er een ee eRe en exer

re

INSTANTANEOUS

HOTOGRAPHY

“HO CHEMICALS REQUIRED
2 DIRECTIONS.

= LOOK INTENTLY INTO THE CAMERA =
= FORTEN SECONDS. THENQUICKLY ¢
eWITHORAW THE SHUTTER AND s
= LIKENESS WILL APPEAR.

(Nem oe re

ust)

PC net

j |
AINE, ttt alia fli

Tama Bm oy mT

of the Novelty Business will sell what we have at
1g regular prices. é 2
Send at once tor catalogue and list of stock on

hand.
Curio Novelty Co.

Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Y.

(sum aT

150 THE OOLOGIST.

Taxidermy and Zoological Collecting,

A Complete Hand-book of 3862 pages for the '

amateur Taxidermist, Collector, Osteol-
ogist, Museum Builder, Sports-
man and Traveler.
Illustrated with Twenty-four Plates and Eighty-five Text Pictures.

anal ry ea

WILLIAM T. HORNADAY,

[For Eight Years Chief Taxidermist of the U. S. National Museum. ]

It goes without saying that this is the best work in the market
for the use of the Naturalist, since the author is at the head of his ©
profession, and he has spared no time nor trouble to make the book

complete.

It not only covers all the ground as a text-book for the beginner ;

and

but any Taxidermist will be repaid by a perusal of its pages,
once read, it will lie on the work bench, as a companion to the scis-

sors and skinning knife, for it is as indispensable to one who desires —

to be a WORKMAN, as the frame work of the specimen itself.
PRICE, $2.50.
Frank H. Lattin, Albion, N. Y.

2da Hand Books:—I will give at all times
good exchange for second-hand copies of any
book I offer for sale. I desire at once good Cop-
jes of ‘A. O. U. Check-List,” and Baird, Brewer
and Ridgeway’s ‘History of N. A. Birds’’—both
“land” and ‘‘Water Bizds.” Will pay Cash.
Ihave a few good slightly soiled or second-
hand copies of Davie’s ‘‘Nests and Eggs of N.
A, Birds” last edition, paper, willsend prepaid
for only 75 cents per copy. FRANK H. LAT-
TIN, Albion, N. Y.

Will You Join Us?

But a few tickets left to complete the ~

club to attend the World’s Fair on the
United World’s Excursion Co. plan,
Payments monthly or weekly; this is
the strongest company in America, ap-

ply to Local Agent or write United ©

Worlds Fair Exposition Co.,
Dep’t, 406 Exchange Bldg, Boston,
Mass.

That “Easter Supplement.”

In the neighborhood of April Ist or later, we mailed YOU an “Raster

Supplement”
ders, sent in by May Ist.

to our regular catalogue which gave big discounts on or-
These two svecial offers applied in particular

to BIRD’S EGGS, GLASS EYES, INSTRUMENTS and SUPPLIES,
used by collectors in the various branches of Natural History, MINER-
ALS, SPAR JEWELRY and FISHING TACKLE

We have decided to extend the time on these offers to JUNE 15th.

Remember that every offer and quotation made in the “Haster Supe
ment” holds good unti, JUNE 15th; but at that date, will be cancelled.

Faithfully, Frank H. Larrin, —

OUR SOUTHERN HOME

1s the Name of a 40-page Monthly Magazine

Published at Mount Holly, North Carolina.
All persons wishing to learn all about North
Carolina, her unlimited resourses, unrivaled
climate, and unparalleled inducements offered
new settlers, also a full history of her flowers,
birds and natural curiosities, should send 5 one-
cent postage stamps for copy of OUR SOUTH-
ERN HOME and receive also our little book
entitled ‘‘The Grape, Fruit and Trucking in-
dustry of North Carolina. Address, M. H.
RIDER, Mount Holly, North Carolina.

For INVENTORS. 40-page BOOK FREE. Address
W.T.Fitzgerald, Attorney at Law, WashingtonD.C.

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THE OOLOGIST. 151

MAY FRONTISPIECE. |

May OotoaistT has been delay-
ed nearly a week for our monthly
Our en-
graver, however, seems bound to
disappoint us and we find it nec-

full page engraving.

essary at last to run our price
list of Oologist’s Instruments and
Supplies on the two pages reserv-
As this

will prove a disappointment to

ed for the engraving.

our patrons as well as ourselves,
we have concluded to allow sud-
scribers of the OOLOGIST a dis-
count of 25 per cent on all orders
amounting to $1 or over, for
goods selected from the two pages
above specified, if sent us on or
betores|une mor 1892 ),aflaa nas
date and others than subscribers
at regular rates only.

Paithtully,

PRANK Ho cA i IN:

I will exchange
Potatoes as advertised
on page 128 for Speci-
mens.---LATTIN.

400 varieties or staues $1.00

Duplicates can be returned.

AN UNUSUAL OFFER

WW. E. (GR BVAINY,

827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL.
Catalogue for stamp.

The Greatest Business University in America; over 1800 students attended last year, more
than twice as large an attendance as all other business collegesin Cleveland combined ;more than
1000 students who attended last year are now holding good positions.
College employs a corps of 40 men, nearly one-half of whom have formerly been college presi-
With such a faculty is it any wonder that its graduates are sought by business men.
185 Graduates received diplomas at our last graduating exercises; of that number 175 were hold-

ing good positions within 30 days from that date.

dents.

annual commencement.
No. 536, M. J. CATON, Pres.

N. B.—We have branch colleges in Buffalo, N. Y., and Detroit, Mich.
any of the colleges belonging to the Caton system.

The Best Oologist’s Outfit

for the money ever offered.

One 25c. nickeled blowpipe, one 25c.
nickeled and engraved embryo hook,
one 20c. egg drill, all in a neat wood
turned box by return mail, prepaid for

ONLY 385 CHKNTS.

When ordering this Outfit, if you wiil
inclose 15cts. extra, 50c. in all, I will
send you a fine, first-class set of one eg
with data of the Noddy (list price abe
By accepting this offer you obtain 75c.
worth of first-class instruments, and a
very desireable 75c. egg

ALL FOR ONLY 60 CENTS.

I will send you a dozen outfits and a
dozen eggs prepaid for $5.00.

Order at once as this offer may be’

withdrawn next mouth.

FRANK H LATTIN,
ALBION, N. Y.

S8 TO 92 KRUGLID AVB., GA4RVALAND, ©

Nearly 300 will receive diplomas at our next
Send for circulars or call at the main office, 90 Euclid Ave.

The Euclid Ave. Business

Telephone
Scholarships good in

a

Has Your Subscription for The Oologist Been Paid for
‘ee Peri

If not, you no doubt received the circular-letter mailed you on or be-
tween the dates of March 21st to 24th. At the bottom of this letter, in
order to obtain a prompt renewal or settlement, I made a q

SPECIAL OFFER. q

I will hold this offer open to you until June 15th, and trust you will
see fit to give the matter your immediate attention, 4

Faithfully —
FRANK H. LATTIN.

TEUMATISM

Sufferers can send address (no stamp re-
quired) and receive FREE a PAMPHLET ~
which tells what Rheumatism, really is, —
the cause of the pain attending it, and how ~
to-obtain a lasting and inexpensive cure, ~
F. W. KIMBALL, 3 Union Sq., New York, —

Do Your Feet Perspire 23
and emit unpleasant odors? Ifthey do ~
and you wish to rid yourself of the nui- ~
sance, send 25c, silver, for Tannine, a ©
complete cure.

G.A.R. Co,.
465 9th St., Milwaukee, Wis.
mst. ‘

@outhern California Bird and Mam-
mal Skins and Eggs. Carefully pre-
pared specimens with full data.
Price listfor stamp.
CHARLES H..MARSH,

Dulzura, San Diego Co., California.

VOL. IX.

Monthly.

a aais Gist, <

Aaserase restart SST EST. OPORTO NO TESTERS Tp

ALBION, N. Y., JUNE, 1892.

NS, serena)

x

5Oc. per Year.

_ NO. 6

NEW RATES. NEW RULES. NEW REGULATIONS.

Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.

Brief special announcements. ‘‘Wants,” “Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department
for 50 per 35 words: Notices over 35: words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional

word. No notice inserted for less than 50c.

Terms, cash with order.

Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates.
“PRALERS” Gan use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only,
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted for ‘ Wants” and “Exchanges” only

and according to conditions stated thereon.

ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs
should be and with* Lattin” must be based on
the prices given in the New “Standard Cata-
logue.”

FOR SALE. —A collection of Birds Eggs,
sets and singles. Will Sell tor best offer. Send
for list. DANA cae GILLETT. Barre Centre,
Orleans Co., N.

TO EXCHANGE.—Birds eggs and tobacco
tags for same, tags preferred. Send lists. All
letters answered. H. W. PRENTICE, Utica,
LaSalle Co., Ills.

_ ITHAVE Birds Eggs, 333, 337, 375. 368 to ex-
change for books. Coues’ Key and Herbert
Spencer’s works especially desired. JASPER

BROWN, Norway, lowa.

BICYCLE. PRINTING OUTFIT.—24 inch
Safety Bicycle, ball bearings, fine condition,
$18. Printing outfit consisting of Model Im-

roved Self-inking Press, 10 fonts type. etc.,

20. Eggs, Stamps, Coins, for Eggs, Climbers,

= ee
ve Seis aan ees, EAT WOOD, Chey ». plete with connectors, ect., coils are 11-8x15-8

sea, Vt.

EGGS, Tax. Manual, Collecting Box 18x12x5

opens like satchel imit. mah. brass handles, and
ten other articles for sets with data of grouse
eggs. ARTHUR G. POTTER, 405 So. 25th Ave.,
Omaha, Neb.

TO EXCHANGE.—Harper’s Young Peopler

1 year; Forehand and Wadsworth’s 38 calibe

-. revolver; books, etc., for birds eggs and skins.

Letters answered, B.E. BABCOCK, Box 660,
Westboro, Mass.

WANTED.—A human skull in good condition
and, if possible, with ae set of teeth. State
cash price wanted. O. KH. CROOKER, Box 1068,

Helena, Mont.

TO EXCHANGE.—A. O. U. numbers Shee eee
32, 1-1; 58, 1-3; 80, 2-4; 125, 2-2; 202, 1-3; 211, 1-6;
219, 1-8; 286, 1-3; 337, 1-25 375. 1-2: 378, Se 1-5, 1-6;
420, 2-23; 467,1-3; 496 no data 5-1; 501, ‘24? 529, Leys
552, 2.4: 587, 18: 595. 1-4; 598, 1-3; 608, 1-3; 622, 1-4)
1-5, 1-6. WM. H . FISHER, 14 W. North ‘Ave.,

We Baltimore, Ma.

ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs Bacek es !
be and with ‘‘Lattin” must be based on the pric-
es given in the New “Standard Catalogue.”

NOTICE.—To exchange, books, telegraph in-
struments, eggs, postage stamps, arrow heads,
axes, Cigarette pictures, coins, etc., for guns,
rifles, shells, stamps, oologists and taxidermist
tools, climbers or any of the things mentioned
above, alsu $60. woath of desirable eggs to ex-
change for 12 gauge breech loader, Parker or
Scott make prefered, 109 fine arrow heads to
exchange for a Giant sounder telegraphic in-
strument. Great bargains. Address, ARTHUR
DUGAN, West Point, Miss. ;

I HAVE the following Ist class sets and sin-
gles to exchauge for sets or mounted birds, A-
O. U. 729. 1-3; 622, 1-5, 1-6; 4°7, 1-3, 1-4; 703, 1-3, 1-4;
575a. 1-4; 563, 1-4; 333. 1-2; 477a, 1-4. Singles, 729,
622, 703, 477, 563, 452, 390, 333, 289, 732, 584, 622a,
"55, 501, 506, 445. All of my sets have data.
Write at once to W. C. PICKENS, Livingston,

a.

TO EXCHANGE.—An electric motor com=-

inches, itis made So that it can be used as an
electric magnet or an induction Coil, is in per-
fect running order, and has been used to run
a fan, also about \ lb. fine copper silk and cot-
ton covered Wire, for first-class eggs in sets.
HARRY B. SARGENT, Prospect House, Nia-
gara Falls, N. Y.

BELECTRIC Door Bell with outfit (battery&c)
First cost $5. Now lies at the express office in
Los Angeles, Calif, Will give to any one who
will pay the Express charges($2. 40) now due on
the same. If you want it remit at onceand Pll ©
-order the Express company to deliver to you.
If you will not pay cash, make offer in speci-
mens or anything and I will pay the $2.40.
FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y.

FOR EXCHANGE:—Thirty varieties of cen-
tral Illinois eggs, for eggs of other sections of
country. “CHARLIE WELLS, Atlanta, Ills.

WANTED :— A first-class set of 666a. Will
give in exchange first-class singles. W. H. A.
HOLMES, 106 Jay St., Albany, N. Y.

Crane.
with data for. same.
Chili. Monroe ‘Cos, ING Y.

70 EXCHAN(+E.—First-class sets or singles
of Southern Birds HEgzs,

ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs should
be and with ‘‘La’tin” must be based on the pric-
es given in the New “Standard Catalogue.” = -

WANTE.D.— First-class single of Whooping
Will give $ worth of first-class sets
ERNEST H. SHORT,

With collectors
throughout the country. E.A. McILHENNY,
Avery, La. : :
COLLECTORS ATTENTION.—Exchang>s
wanted in Birds Eggs and Birds skins. Full
sets and original data. Correspondence sol.c-
ited. All Communications answered. D.
FRANK KELLER, Naturalist, Reading, Pa.

A NEW $100 International Type-writer and a
$75 Lite Scholarship of the Euclid Avenue Bus-

iness College, good at either Detroit, Buifalo or

Cleveland.

Will exchange for a high grade
Safety cushion-tired Bicycle. Must be new or
as good asnew. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion,

Deeg

- eggs in sets or skins, first-class with data.

“

‘Seabirds eggs and others.

I HAVE a quantity of duplicate singles and

“sets, including several first and second class

Hawk’s eggs, which I wsh to exchange for
Sample bottle of
tanniog liquid seat prepaid for 25 cents wor ao
a eggs. J. HE. HOUSEMAN, Box E., Aylmer,
Ont. :

ve) EXCHANGE:—A Shattuck breech load-
ing, single barrelled. 3) inch, 12 gauge shotgun. ©
used two s@isons, nine dollars new, for eae icen
297 Jackson Ave., New Or-

H. LAPRADH, Jr.,
jeans, La.

’

WiLL COLLECT local specimens of any
kind, in exchange for desirable bird's eggs in
sets. Address, FRANK H. NUTTER, Room
500 Sykes Block, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

EGGS —212, 214, 47 4b, 495, 497, 492, 618, 616, 539,
538. 501, 605, (A. O. U.), and others in full sets,
With nests if desired. in exchange for eggs’

MERLIN C. JOHNSON, Aberdeen, So. Dak.

NOTICH.—I desire as soon as possible a num-
ber of cemplete sets of the following, A. O. A.
Nos. 7, 11, 117, 182, 183, 204, 206, 281, 294. 332, 362,
364, 116, 417, 431, 743a and 746, also others; for
above I will give the best of exchange in fine
desirable sets, of either American or Foreign
eges, or will purchase some for cash if terms
meet my approval. Those having any or all of
above numbers will do well to communicate
with me. Ialso have eggs of the Ostrich, Rhea
and Emeu for sale or exchange. ©. W. CRAN-
DALL, Woodside, Queens Co .N. Y.

I HAVE the following first-class eggs in com-
plete sets with full data (A. O. U. No’s) for ex-
change: Caracara Eagle 4, Great Blue Heron
14, Black Tern 4% 144.Noddy Tern 1-1, Arctic Tern
14, Am. Sparrow Hawk 1-5, Bobolink 1-4 1-5,
Sora Rail 1-6 1-7 1-8. Virginia Rail 1-6 1-8 1-9,
Am: Goot 1-6 1-7 1-8 1-9 1-12, Florida Gailinule 1-6
1-7 1-9 1-10, Long-billed Marsh Wren 1-4 1-5 1-6
1-8, Least Bittern 1-4 1-5 1-6, Yellow-headed
Blackbird 1-4 1-5 1-6, Barred Owl 1-1, Black
Skimmer 1-5, King Rail 1-7 1-9 1-10, Meadow
Lark 1-4 1-5 1-6, Spotted Sandpiper 1-4 1-5, Bar-
tram’s Sandpiper 1-4, Leaches’ Petrel 1-1, Cac-
tus Wren 1-5. None but first-class sets wanted.
CHARLES M. ELDREDGE, 314 Chamber of
Commerce, Chicago, Ills.

aie re iy; set a ris
THE OOLOGIST

“es of Sea birds. Plovers «nd Hawk's eggs.

- Points must*he fine and perfect. JOHN MIN--
. CHIN, Fleming, Cayuga Co.. N.Y. -

. Delaware. Han

._ FERRIS, Effingham, Kan.

_ Write for prices.

ALL future transactions in Bird
bé and with “Lattin” must be bas
es given in the New ‘Standard C

EXCHANGE.—Several sets
373, 337 and others for books on O
ermy or eggs 151. 305, desired.
books. What otfers? ORAH
SON, Edwardsville, Kansas.

TO EXCHANGE. Wine sets’of eggs Ae
complete-data. (A. O. U.).49, 120c, 122) 190, 194,
293a. 311. 319, 325. 335. 341. 368, 409, 410. 419, 421,
487, 512, 573, 594.70, 707 and many others ;
B. BURROWS, Lacon, Marshall C
“FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE.—Violin. case,
music stand. instructor &c., worth $15. $10 cai
or will exchange for Field or powerfnl Opera
Glass. State size, make, cost. condition &c. —
No postals. Allletters answered: G.L. PER:
RY, Wilmington, Mass. SN esas ’

TO EXCHANGE.—One pair Caracara Eagles.
three months. old. for best offer of first-class
sets with data. Write. A. H. W. NORTON, —
Box 918, San Antonio, Texas. APART \ ,

WANTED:—Kodak or other Camera, also

good collecting gun. wilt give first-class eluteh-—
W

RAINE. Hayden St.. Toronto. Canada. Bis

points. I will take inexchange first-class sets
of eggs. or Oregon points. Obsidian nreferred,

WANTED:—Works on Taxidermy. Have
for exchange 200 Stamps. many rare ones. 2d
hand revolver ania goo. spy elass. No pos- —
tals. EDW. THOMPSON, Box 24, Hockessin

TO EXCHANGE.—A Magic Lantern for best
offers ineggs. I also want to exchange eges in
singles for those of other localities. WALTHER

I WILL EXCHANGE the large size Paten
Ink Erasing Pencil. which will erase Ink from
paper in two seconds, for 7h cents worth of 1st
class eggs in sets. old coins. or Indian Relics
I also have 2000 California eggs, mostly 2nd
class and T will mail you three dozen assorted
specimens for one dollar’s worth of any of the
above named articles. Address GHORGE
SWING, San Bernardino, California. j

FOR SALE.-—Extra fine sets of eggs of the
Chestnut-bellied Scaled Partridge. taken by
myself on the lower Rio Grande, Texas- I wil
make very low prices on them. Also a few
sets of other varieties from Seuthern Texas
D. B. BURROWS, Lacon, —

* ee

Marshall Co , Illinois. ‘

Ihave to exchange for Birds Eggs in sets
with data. or works on Oology. the following
Postage Stamps in lots, Birds Eggs in singles
or will pay Cash for same. Wish tocorrespond —
with collectors outside of my territory. Collee
tors desirous of selling their collections should
send me lists and prices of the same. L. G.
DURR, 99 Broad St., Nashville, Tennessee.

IT have the following first-class Sets with data,
(A. O. U. Nos.) for exchange: 378, 385, 429, 230)
474e, 501b, 519, 529, 552a, 574, 581c, 591b, 622a, 710,
743a, I desire in exchange eggs of Hawks, Owls
or Sea Birds, in first-class sets with data. Al
letters answered. ORA W. KNIGHT, Care of
G. W. Knight, Bangor. Maine. ' Rs,

eae

: : THE OOLOGIST.

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued.

ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs should
be and with “Lattin” must be based on the pric-
es given in the New “Standard Catalague.”

TO EXCHANGE :—Birds eggs of this locality
tor those of others, also a Belgian Flobert rifie
for eges in singles. L. L. MALONEY, Town-
send, Del.

ALLIGATOR EGGS wanted in hundred or
thousand lots. Must be ffrst-class, side blown.
Write stating quantity you can furnish, with
tash or exchange price. I wouldalso like a few
hundred turtle and snake eggs. FRANK H.
LATTIN, Albion, N. Y.

WANTED :—;EHggs, Books, Polished Shells.
If you mean business, send list. We can
now make a better offer than can be had else-
where. DICKINSON & DURKEE, Sharon,

is.

Send different stamps of foreign countries,

uropean excepted, and receive the following
eggs, A. O. U. Nos., 735, 423, 387, 5u7. JNO. S.
DURLAND, Centralia, Kansas.

FOR EXCHANGHEH.—Several fine rare sets,
for common eggs in sets. Terms value for
value. Senda tull list of the sets you have to
offer and receive my list in return. Address,
H. H.. care ot W. B. Caulk, Terre Haute, Ind.

A complete set of OOLOGISTS INSTRU-
MENTS, including pair climvers, valued at
$3.50; one set 'laxidermist’s tools, valued at
$5; One Invincible Bicycle Lamp, new, cost $6;
and varlous other bicycle accessaries to ex-
change for good Kevolver, telegraph relay or
offers. N. k. CHRISTI, Glenn’s terry, Idaho.

FOR EXCHANGE :—Fine Natural History
in German print, 70 late Youth’s Companions,
Gulliver’s Travels and Baron Munchausen,
Conklin’s Handy Manual ot the Mechanical
Arts and House Plans ($1.), Zulu shotgun, Ri-
fie, Chicago air ritie, photograph outfit. Want-
ed, Ornithological books, back OOLOGISTS, tel-
escope, microscope. LHWIis HALDEMAN,
Avoca, Lowa.

What $1 will vring when sent to

Cc. L. FREEMAN, Chadron, Neb.
1 Photograph of "Wouuded Knee” Battltield.
1 <i ~ Burial of the Dead after Battle.
1 #S * Beet issue at Pine Ridge.
1 & * Chiet ited Cloud or BloodyHand

Or for $2 I willseud the above Collection and
1 Photograph of Red Cloud’s House.
1 Ee * Chief Sitting Kull.
1 i “ Three Hostile Chiefs.
1 Pair of genuine Sioux moccasins.

Catalogue of Indian Kelics and Photographs
Sent for % cent stamp. C. lL. FREEMAN. Jest

_ WANTED.—2d hand copies of either ‘‘Coues’
Key” or “RKidgway’s Manual” will give cash or
exchange. Write stating condition, edition,
Paes terms. MRANW H. LATIN, Albion,

I will give specimens of any kind, advertis-
ing space in the OOLOGIST, and tor extra good
otters anything I otfer forsale or possibly CASH
for first-class indian Relics, or tor new or xd
hand books in Natural History, in good con-
dition, ornithology or oology preferred— a set
of the “Natural History of New York” and
copies of Coues’ Key” especially desired.
WRKANK H. LATVIN, Alvion, N, Y.

155

ALL future transactionsin Birds Eggs should
be and wito ‘‘Lattin”’ must be based on the pric-
es given in the New “‘Standard Catalogue.” é

$50.00 worth of Bird Eggs and Indian relics to
exchange for best offer of shot gun. CHAS,
B. LUNGREN, Sutherland, Fla.

MY WANTS FOR THE NEXT 30 DAYS.

I CAN USE atfull rates in not less than $1 or
over $10 lots, aS per conditions named below,
the following species: Western Grebe. Loon,
Black Guillemot, Gull-billed Tern, Least Tern,
Black Tern, Leaches, Petrel, Fla. Cormorant,
Anhinga. Least Bittern, Green Heron, Clapper
Rail, Prairie Hen, Black and Turkey Vultures,
Whooping and Sandhill Cranes, Bald and Gold-
en Eagles, Purple Finch, Lark Sparrow, Car-
dinal, Ovenbird, House and Long-billed Marsh
Wrens. Other specimens will be accepted at
one-half rates. The prices given in the NEW
STANDARD CATALOGUE must be used as a basis,
All eggs must be strictly first-class in every par-
ticular , and if not in such condition I will take
out eggs to the amount of jive times the actual
cost of return postage to pay for same and
trouble, and will return the balance to you.

In return for above, I will give Back Num-
bers at single copy price, and advertising space
inthe OoLOGIST at regular rates; one year’s
subscription to the OOLOGIST, including cou-
pons at $1.00;

Good White Metal Nickel Blower, 35c
Long-handlea Nickled Embyro Hooks, 25c
12-100 Egg Drills, § .15
Davie’s “Nests and Eggs of N. A. Birds,”
cloth and gilt, 4

Eggs of Brown Headed Nuthatch, 35
Socty Tern 200
Noddy T-rn, .60
Tufted Titmouse, .30
Summer Tanager, 25

We will also give anything we offer for sale at
full prices quoted in our regular 48 page Cata-
logue, on the following conditions, your order
must not amount to less than$2.00or over$10.00,in
payment for the same we will accept eggs want-
ed to the full amount of your order and CASH to
the amcunt of one-half the same—for an exam-
ple we will suppose you have Selected from our
Catalogue $10..0 worth of Supplies, Specimens,
Publications and Instant according to
this offer, I will send you these goods upon re-
ceipt of $10.00 worth of the eggs wanted at full
rates, and $5.00 in Cash. This offer to you, if
you need anything we handle, amounts to our
paying you 4% rates in cash for the eggs I want,
andny rates forthe onesI do not want. This
exchange and want offer holds good until Aug-
ust Ist and until that date, I do not care to pur-
chase or exchange for eggs under any other

conditions.
FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

Excursion Club to Attend the World’s Fair.

If you have any desire to visit the
World’s Fair at Chicago, bear in mind
that the United World’s Exposition Co,
is a sound organization, with ample
capital to fulfil their promises. ‘he
company sells tickets on the installment
plan, retunding all but first payment if
you fail to go, apply to United World’s
Fair Exposition Co., N. EK. Dep't, 406
Exchange B’ld’g, Boston, Mass.

156 THE OOLOGIST.

The Cheapest

Oologists Outtit

of value ever offered

Fon Oni 25 Cents,

I will send you by return mail pre-
paid 1 white metal blowpipe, 1 12-100
drill, 1 44in. nickeled embryo hook, 1
lead pencil, 1 6in. rule, all packed in a
neat, slide cover, compartment box.

This outfit is usually retailed in pieces
at from 50 to 75cts. Our profit in han-
dling them at this price is nothing. We
have oniy 150 sets. After they are gone
will refund your money. Remit at once
if you desire one of the best outfits for
the money ever offered.

Only 25cis., Prepaid:

12 for $3.00 100 for $25.
FRANK H. LATTIN,

PATENTS

For INVENTORS. 40-page BOOK FREE. Address
W.T.Fitzgerald, Attorney at Law, WashingtonD.C.

60000060990 O00000800 00000000800 008

HE RIPANS TABULES regulate the stomach,
liver and bowels, purify the blood, are pleas-
ant to take, safe and alwayseffectual. Areliable
remedy for Biliousness, Blotches on the Face,
Bright’s Disease, Catarrh) Colic, Constipation,
Chronic Diarrhea, Chronic Liver Trouble, Dia-
betes, Disordered Stomach, Dizziness, Dysentery,
Dyspepsia, Eczema, Flatulence, Female Com-
laints, Foul Breath, Headache, Heartburn, Hives,
aundice, Kidney Complaints, Liver Troubles,
Loss of Appetite, Mental Depression, Nausea,
Nettle Rash, — Painful Diges-
tion, Pimples, Rush of Blood

to the Head, £allow Com-

lexion, Salt) Rheum, Scald
Freads Scrof- ula, Sick Head-
ache, Skin Dis- eases,Sour
Stomach,Tired Feeling ,Torpid
Liver, Ulcers, Water Brash

er symptom
c results from
impure blood or a failure in the proper perform-
ance of their functions by the stomach, liver and
intestines. Persons given to over-eating are ben-
efited by taking one tabule after each meal. A
continued use of the Ripans Tabules is the surest
cure for obstinate constipation. They contain
nothing that can be injurious to the most deli-
cate. 1 gross $2, 1-2 gross $1.25, 14 gross 7bc.,
1-24 gross 15 cents. Sent by mail pos aso paid.
Address THE RIPANS CHEMICAL CO Y,
P. O. Box 672, New York,

GOOG OOOH88 008900900909 0000080800

SESSHSSESSSSESOOCOSSOOSSSOOCCOEOECOESCE
©0000 0000800050000 00006886000 000800000

OUR SOUTHERN HOME

Is the Name of a 40-page Monthly Magazine

Published at Mount Holly, North Carolina.
All persons wishing to learn .all about North
Carolina, her unlimited resourses, unrivaled
climate, and unparalleled inducements offered,
new settlers, also a full-history of her flowers,
birds and natural cuviosities, Should send 5 one-.
cent postage stamps for copy of OUR SOUTH-
ERN HOME and receive also our little book
entitled ‘‘The Grape, Fruit and Trucking in-
dustry of North Carolina. Address, M. H.
RIDER, Mount Holly, North Carolina.

CARR'S NATURAL HISTORY STORE,

Sea Shells, Corals, Minerals, Bird Skins and
Eggs, Curios, Supplies for Taxidermists, Ento~
mologests, Botanists and Oologists. Taxid-
ermy in all Branches of the art. Gold fish and
aquarums. ‘

40 page Illustrated Catalogue for 2c stamp.
C.F. CARR

Madison, Wis.

BIRD COGS

An illustrated price-list of Electrotypes of
Birds sent free. Just the thing to use on your
letter heads, circulars, etc. Engraving to oO,
der. H. A. CARHARTT, Syracuse, N. Y.

CSlearance SSale.

Any person sending us:
12c betore July 1, 1892,
we will send prepaid the
following articles, viz:

Mexican Resurrection
Plant, Instantaneous.
Photograph Camera(will
be sold separately for
10¢c,) 2 Japanese WNap-
kins, 1 Leaf from Japan-
ese Book, 1 pkg. Scrap.
Pictures, 10 varities of
Foreign Stamps, Coupon
good for 25¢c on an order
of $1.00 or over.

The entire package.
will be sent you by re~
turn mail, prepaid for on-.
ly 12¢.

We have in stock a lot
of desirable Novelties
and as we are going out

of the Novelty Business will sell what we have a&

3g regular prices. :
Send at once for catalogue and list of stock on

hand.
Curio Novelty Co.,

Gaires, Orleans Co., N. Y.

RUT reser eer rene ene geerrara

Hl weerancancous’ Ut
HOTOGRAPHY

HOCHEMICALS REQUIRED
£ DIRECTIONS.

= LOOK INTENTLY INTO THE CAMERA s
2 FORTEN SECONDS. THEN QUICKLY A
EWITHDRAW THE SHUTTER AND $
=LIKENESS WILL APPEAR.

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A

THE OOLOGIST.

VOL. IX.

ALBION, N. Y., JUNE, 1892.

NO. 6

The Purple Finch.

About April 25th the Purple Finch
comes to us with his bright colors and
fine song, He very soon makes him-
self heard, as, perched on the top of
some tree, he pours out his lay to the
morning sun. ,And, if he is not the
most brilliant of our birds he is certain-
ly beautiful as the sunlight strikes his
plumage.

Ae very fine specimen which I procur-
ed this spring was colored as follows:
Pileum, (ie, forehead, crown and _ occi-
put) crimson; cheeks, chin and throat,
light carmine; breast and sides, gray
washed with pink; belly and under tail
coverts, grayish white, back, madder
brown; all the feathers marked lance-
olately with chestnut; rump, bright;
pink; wings and tail, seal brown all
feathers edged with madder. These
colors, however, fade as the season ad-
vances.

The female is a much plainer bird,

being grayish olive, streaked with
brown on the upper parts, breast gray
with nearly black streaks and two light
marks on the cheeks. I have heard it
said that the female Finch did not sing.
Now I know from personal observation
that during the mating season she does
sing a short, but good song, much more
broken than the male’s, it is true, but
still itis a true song.
About the 25th of May she picks out a
site for her nest, almost invariably in
the top of some evergreen tree.In fact I
never knew of but one nest being placed
anywhere else, that being in the top of
a small maple that had been cut off and
grown out very thick. The nest is com-
posed of dry roots and dead grass lined
with hair and sometimes a few feathers.
They will also use strings and paper
sometimes.

Not far from June Ist the eggs are
deposited usually four, sometimes five.
They are blue or greenish in color,
spotted with black and generally with
dark brown lines on the larger end, av-
eraging about .85x.65.

The birdis a very close sitter and ex-
hibits great.solicitude when he= nest is
disturbed. :

When they first arrive in the spring
they subsist almost exclusively on buds,
but later in the season I think they take
some insects and worms, while during
the late summer they live almost exclu-
sively on seeds.

They leave us quite early in the fall.

The number of them breeding in any
one locality here depends mostly on the
number of coniferous trees. J thave
found seven pairs in one row of Aus-
trian pines, that being their favorite
tree here, but generally you will find
one or two pairs in a place where the
door-yard contains pine or spruce trees,
while the cemetaries will usually have
three or four if unmolested.

When their eggsare taken they will
almost invariably build another nest
near by, in many cases in the same tree,
but usually lay only three eggs this
time. The young birds look very much
like the female when they leave the
nest, but the males are usually larger
and darker colored. For-fear that I
will tire you I will close though I heve
not exhausted my subject by any
means.

ERNEST H. SHORT,
Chili, N. Y.

South Dakota Notes.

South Dakota has experienced one of
the latest seasons on record this year,
and owing to the lateness of it, collect-
ing has been delayed, however, we have

‘

160 THE OOLOGIST.

had a greater number of migratory
waders, and: swimmers than ever be-
fore.

On May 15th I secured what I think
is an American Avocet, but not having
a Key I could not classify it positively.
The bird measures twenty inches from
tip of bill to end of tail, 24inches spread
of wings, and the bill is 8f inches long
and curved upward.

The bird is colored as follows: Head,
neck and breast, salmon buff; wings,
streaked with black on the back;the wing
coverts are black; the remainder of the
plumage is white. Ithas web feet and
the legs, which measure 8} inches in
length are light olive green.

I have found two sets of four, of
Prairie Horned Lark, one on the 6th
and the other on the 12th of May. I
secured both eggs and nests. ‘‘Plover”
or Bart. Sandpipers are very plenty
this year. I have secured the skins of
several pairs. I gota Snowy Ow] Apr.
12th, pure white, was not this rather
late for them? The English Sparrow
has appeared here this spring, and in
large numbers. He is seen on every
house top and occupies every wnoccup-
ied building in town.

Bluebirds abound, and Robins, Larks,
and Sparrows are also very plentiful.
Several Great Horned Owls have been
seen in the timber claims near town. I
should like very much to correspond
with every ornithologist and taxider-
mist in South Dakota for purposes of
mutual satisfaction. Would also like
to hear from any one familiar with the
bird I have tried to describe.

MERLIN C. JOHNSON,
Aberdeen, S. D.

pt <I t

Some of our Visitors and Neighbors.

It isn’t every person who gets ac-
quainted with the Yellow-breasted Chat,
even when living near its haunts. Al-
though a constant singer of many notes
it is a shy and quiet bird, usually lurk-

ing in some low thicket, but sometimes
mounting to the tree tops, singing as
it goes, it drops off, beating its wings
loudly, as if pounding out the curious
notes it so fondly utters, settling to the
bushes again. He is easy in his man-
ners and when approached, instead of
flying away he skul&ks through the bush-
es or brush pile upon which he was sit-
ting, and as he keeps on singing you
think you are getting up to him, while
he is as far off as at the first. It is dif-
ficult to tell from the sound, whether
he is two or six rods away. In fact,
he is a sort of ventriloquist, and even
when you have him located in a certain
brush pile he keeps his back to you and
is indeed hard to see. My first Chat
slipped from a bunch of bushes to the
top of a tall tree without my being able
to get a glimpse of it. He is a splendid
mocker, and here, is the earliest bird to
signal the coming day, beginning his
mimicry at3a.m. In the hottest noon-
time he is busy in song, and I’ve heard
it said that one could make more noise
to the square inch than any other bird.
It often sings at night.

It breeds throughout its range, though
J have never been able to discover its
nest. It arrives about April 15th.

Another bird which arrives about the
same time is the Rose-breasted Gros-
beak, which secludes itself in the tree
tops and unless one knows its voice he
is not sure to meet with it, as it keeps
high up and only makes short stays.
Here, it is only migratory and we never
heard it sing, though it often repeats its
note which much resembles the squeak
of a piece of machinery.

At the same time, and almost as re-
gular as the song of the Summer Warb-
ler, are the chirruping, grasshopper-
like notes of the Philadelphia Greenlet
to be heard. Then too, the Kentucky,
and Yellow-masked Warblers have kept
up an incessant intermingling of song
and scolding, while the Black-throated
Green Warbler has for weeks been
passing his song off for that of the

THE OOLOGIST. 161

White-throated Sparrow. Thinking it
very late for the Sparrows to be here,
I determined to seeure one, and on
shooting the singer in the act of singing
I was rewarded with a more beautiful
bird.

The Purple Finches have left their
dogwood and blackgum berries, to re-
turn this fall; taking with them the
Robins and Snowbirds and are replaced
by Chippies, Pewees and Blue-gray
Gnateatechers. The Whip-poor-wills
are here in force and I’ve secured a fine
set of eggs. These, I discovered in
hunting for the nest of a Black-and-
White Warbler, which was not hard to
find, as I had only to sit down and
watch Mrs. Creeper for about fifteen
minutes, and was then possessor of a
nest of five fresh eggs. Chuck-will’s-
widows have for the first time, in my
knowledge, appeared above the river
bottom.

C. EH. PLEAS.
Clinton, Ark.

The Black Vulture in Orleans County.

It becomes my good pleasure to an-
nounce the occurence in our county of
the Black Vulture (Catharisia atrata).

On Saturday last, May 28th, a farmer
living near the Peat Swamp (which is
located about 2+ miles southwest of
Medina) caughta ‘large black bird” in a
trap which he had set for the purpose,
having seen the bird about the place
several times before.

Iwas informed of the capture, but
didn’t pay much attention to it, as lL
thought it was probably not anything
rare, but hearing more about it, and
hearing it spoken of as a ‘“Turkey Buz-
zard,” I thought I would investigate
the matter,

Accordingly I arose this morning
“before breakfast” and wheeled up to
Shelby on my bicycle and found the
Turkey-like bird to be one of the Cath-

artide indeed, but a Black Vulture in-
stead of a Turkey Buzzard.

The farmer had it in a wooden cage,
and it appeared to be thriving well up-
on its diet of meat, which had been lib-
erally furnished it.

The capture of this bird, together
with the shooting of a Turkey Buzzard
in the town of Clarendon last summer
by a Mr. Snyder, makes the family of
Cathartide fully represented in our
county, a family which is of Southern
habitat and rarely reaches 40° North,
although the Black Vulture is some-
what the more northerly of the two.

To say the very least, the occurrence
of these two Vultures in Orleans county
is rare enough to be well worthy of
note.

NEIL F. Posson,
Medina, N. Y.

A Day’s Collecting in California.

Bright and early on the morning of
the 17th of April last, my odlogical
friend turned up by previous arrange-
ment, for a day’s collecting.

It was a beautiful California day, not
a clond to be seen, the mountains show-
ing clear cut against the sky, and a cool
breeze from the blue Pacific tempering
what might otherwise have been an un-
comfortably hot sun.

Our field of operation was to be a
ranch which lies upon the bluff above
the ocean, extending back a mile or so,
with numerons small hills and knolls,
covered in part with ancient live oaks;
and also a canon which runs through
the ranch whose sides are covered with
an almost impenetrable growth of oaks,
brush, poison oak, ferns and black-ber-
ry vines.

Shortly after leaving home I discov-
ered a nest of the California Bush Tit,
which upon investigation proved to
contain but two eggs and which was
left undisturbed. My next find was a
fine set of five of Lawrence’s Goldfinch,

162 THE OOLOGIST.

The nest was a beautiful structure com-
posed almost entirely of dry blossoms
of the live oak in which it was situated,
with a lining of a few feathers.

While investigating a group of live
oaks on a hill near by, my friend dis-
covered a large nest in the top of a tall
oak, and upon throwing up a elub a
Western Red-tail left with a defiant
scream. After some hard ‘‘shinning”
he reached the nest and announced two
eggs, which were soon lowered safely
down by means of a ball of twine and
handkerchief.

Not long after, while gazing up into
some oaks,I noticed a Red-tail hovering
over the trees, and looking closely I
soon located the nest and secured two
fresh eggs.

A few minutes later my friend, who
was industriously thumping every old
tree with a mammoth stick of eucalyp-
tus which he carried, flushed a Sparrow
Hawk from a hollow limb and took five
beautiful fresh eggs.

At this point it being nearly noon we
lunched under the shade of an old oak,
so large and thick that it was with dif-
ficulty that I found a nest of Bush Tits
which I knew must be there from the
actions of the birds. It contained seven
fresh eggs.

After a short rest we resumed our
search, we had gotten somewhat separ-
ated, and just as I was reachihg terra
firma after a useless climb to a Red-
tail’s nest which contained three young,
I heard my companion give a yell,
which I knew from its tone and em-
phasis betokened something rare, while
rnnning across a small canon I flushed
a California Partridge from seventeen
eggs. I found my friend up a large
jive oak and he excitedly explained that
his ever active club had starteda West-
ern Horned Owl from a hollow limb
that had broken off about twelve feet
from the ground. After peering into
the darkness for a few seconds he an-
nounced two eggs and speedily had
them out in the light of day. This I

consider rather Jate nesting for these
owls here, especially as they proved ta
be almost fresh.

Soon after we each took a set of three
of the California Thrasher, the nests
being placed in low brush.

While scrambling through some ferns
and blackberry vines not long after, I
noticed a small brown bird slip quickly
away from near my feet, and I soon
had its nest. It was the nest-of the
Wren-Tit and contained three, perfect;
ly fresh, blue eggs. I was highly elated
with this find as it was my first that
had contained eggs. The nest was a
neat, compact structure, deeply cupped
and composed of strips of bark, root:
lets, dry grass leaves and hair.

Thad hardly disposed of these eggs — §

when I noticed a freshly dug woodpeck-
er’s hole in a short stub of a live oak,
and upon starting up a Gairdner’s
Woodpecker left the nest and flew to a
neighboring tree. With my stick I had
soon broken open the hole and saw four
crystal white eggs lying on the chips at
the bottom of the cavity, which was
about seven inchesdeep.. These too I
was very much pleased to get as prev~
iously I had nota full set of of these
eggs. When I joined my companion
he said he had found a nest of the Cali-
forhia Woodpecker in process of con-
struction.

As it was now nearly sunset we start-
ed for home going by a different route,
T soon found a set of four eggs of the
California Jay in a thick elder bush,
and my friend a newly completed nest
of the California Tharsher, which was
marked down for our next trip.

It was a long walk home and we were
tired and hungry when we arrived, but
we felt amply repaid for our aches, and
as I was fortunate enough to escape
getting poisioned with poison oaks a8
shall always consider that a successful
and happily spent day.

H. H. Doves,
Santa Barbara, Cal,

THE OOLOGIST. 163

THE OOLOGIST.

A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY.
FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.
Editor and Publisher.

Correspondence and items of interest to the
student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited
from all.

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a

omnes

The Turkey Vulture.

Cathartes aura.

This noble bird has been the source
of my study for three years, and, dur-
ing all that time, I have not seen a sin-
gle word about him in the O6LoaisT ex-
cept aquery ‘Does C. aura occupy the
Same nest year after year?’ This I
Was not then able to answer, but am

now prepared to say they do, and es-
pecially when they are not molested.

On May 9, 1889, I took a set of two
creamy white eggs, 2.80x1.93 and 2.79x2,
specked and bloched with lavender and
two shades of brown, from an old syea-
more stump that had been occupied for
at least fifteen years, according to the
farmer on whose land I found them and
I think him truthful. The stump was
broken off 18+ feet from the ground,
and the cavity was 2 feet deep, with
no nest except afew dried weed stalks
and the rotten wood naturally in the
cavity.

In 1890 I took another set from this
same nest and also a set from an old ap-
ple stump, 8 ft high, in a deserted or-
chard only about half a mile from the
farm house, and on May 17, 1891, a set
from an elm stump 82 ft high. The
cavity in this stump mas 18 inches
deep.

This bird, vulgarilly called the ‘‘Tur-
key Buzzard,” isan inhabitant of al-
most the entire North American conti-
nent, south of the British Provinces,and
no doubt all the readers of the OOLOGIST
have seen him as he soars around and
around in search of food. They are
gregarious, and often I have seen twen-
ty or thirty of them together, circling
over the town or surrounding country.
Their general plumage a dull black,
with a glossy bronze-green on the back;.
feathers on legs to the knee, and the

feet slightly webbed. There are no.
feathers on the head and neck, except a
line of down on the back of the neck,
the fore part being bare to the breast
feathers. The eyes are of a reddish-
brown color. The young of this specieg
are covered with a white down up to
the time of leaving the nest.
GEO. W. PITMAN,

New Castle, Indiana.

164 THE OOLOGIST.

Those Horned Grebes Again.

If Mr. Swales will read my article
earefully he will find that I wrote from
my own observation, and do not deny
their breeding at the Flats as I am
aware they are credited with so doing,
but I have never seen them in the
marshes of Detroit River where the
Thick-billed is common, and it was di-
rectly to those marshes I referred and
he stated they ‘‘were abundant.” I
took four sets of Loon’s eggs in the
Fighting Island marsh, but I would not
call the bird abundant as he does on
taking several sets of Horned Grebe in
the same marsh 7f he is not mistaken in
the identity of the bird.

W. A. DAVIDSON,
Detroit, Mich.

The Purple Finch in Broome County, N. Y.

The position that the Purple Finch
occupies in the avi-fawna of southern
New York; is a rather peculiar one.
Primarily he is a summer resident, but
he also combines something of the mi-
grant and winter visitant in his nature.

Seldom earlier or later than the first
week in April the earliest songs of the
Purple Finch are heard in this locality.
In a week or more thereafter, the birds
become common, and for a time the
woods, orchards, dooryards and trees
along our city streets ring with their
cheery notes.

Yet these birds are not the first of
their kind to arrive. Several weeks
earlier one may sometimes see a small
flock in the evergreens or catch a few
tentive, warbling notes, launched on
the frosty air from some perch in the
treetops. It would seem from this, that
if the hardier individuals do not brave
the rigors of our winter, they certainly
love to visit us when the weather is
propitious.

After the migratory birds have spent
some weeks of song with us, the major-
ity disappear—probably going farther

north to breed. Although their food
ordinary consists of various seeds, buds
and berries, they show a decided pre-
ference for the stamens of fruit trees,
and perhaps follow the supply north-
ward as it decreases here. The birds
left behind occasionally select a site in
the orchard and build a rather bulky
nest of weed stalks, grasses, horse-hair,
etc. Usually, however, they choose an
evergreen for a nesting place. There
seems to be some occult connection be-
tween the Purple Finchesand evergreen
trees. Where these trees abound, as in
our cemeteries, the birds hold high ear-
nival allsummer, building their nests
close to the trunks at some height from
the ground. The birds apparently like
the society of man, the dooryard being
one of their favorite haunts

The eggs, four or five in number, are
of a beautiful shade of green, and
speckled with black and brown, chiefly
at the larger end. In appearance they
closely resemble the eggs of the Chip-
ping Sparrow, though much larger.

The opinion prevails in some quar-
ters that the Purple Finch is a bird of
the North, and is said to be most abun-
dant in Nova Scotia. In New England
the bird isa common breeder and it
will doubtless be found to summer in
the greater part of Pennsylvania and
New York.

WILLARD N. CLUTE,
Binghamton, N. Y.

Two Rare Nests.

On May 16, 1892 I found a nest of
the Saw Whet Owl (Nyctala acadiea)
containing five eggs. The treein which
the nest was placed was an old dead
poplar, which stood near a brook in a
dark, dense piece of green woods, near
this place. The nest its self was about
twelve feet from the ground, and had
been excavated by a Flicker, probably
six or eight years ago, as the cavity
looked very old and the wood was very

THE OOLOOIST.

rotten. The opening had been enlarged
a little, and the bottom lined with a
‘quantity of moss and fine strips of yel-
low birch bark. The eggs are of achalky
white, with a rather rough surface, and
are all more or less stained from con-
tact with the nest. Incubation was so
far advanced that I had great difficulty
in blowing them The measurements
are as follows: 1.18x1., 1.19x1.03, 1.17x
1.02; 1.21x1.03, 1.23x1. The Owl was
quite tame, allowing me to get a good
view of her bill as she looked at me
from the hole, the bill being the most
prominent distinguishing feature be-
tween the Saw Whet and the Richard-
son’s, which are otherwise very much
alike. In the Saw Whet it is black and
in the Richardson’s, yellow. On
rapping the tree the Owl left the nest
and flew about twenty yards alighting
on a small dead limb of a spruce, ap-
parently having no more difficulty in
flying through the thick woods in the
daytime than in the night. She again
allowed me to approach to within about
fifteen feet of her, finally flying off into
the thick woods out of sight. The lin-
ing of this nest may possibly have been
placed there by a squirrel as it is the
same kind of material that is used by
that animal in making its nest, and
they often select an old Flicker’s hole
fora home.

May 21, 1892 I found a nest of the
Red-breasted Nuthatch (Svtta canaden-
sis). It was excavated ina small pop-
lar stub about twenty feet from the
ground and contained six fresh eggs.
The cavity was lined with a consider-
able quantity af fine cedar bark with a
few strips of birch bark mixed in and
when removed from the hole formed
quite a little nest itself. The eggs are
white, thickly covered with different
sized spots of reddish brown, looking
very much like those of the Black-cap-
ped Chickadee, but are larger, as the
following measurement shows: .63x47,
64x48, .64x49, -62x47, .63x47, .66x47.
I was forced to shoot this bird to make

165

sure of her identity. This is the third
nest of the Nuthatch that I have found,
but the first that contained eggs. The
other two were opened on June 5, 1884
and both contained young.
Howarp H. McApDAms,
Oak Bay, N.B.

The Chestnut-sided Warbler.

Dendreca pennsylvanica.

Perhaps one of the most interesting
of the wood warblers, which inhabits
this section is the Chestnut-sided. The
leaders arrive from the south about
May 5th, and afew days later they are
here en masse. Then their cheery song
is frequently reiterated from the tree-
tops, and occasionally when they are
annoyed, they utter the peculiar note,
which has been happily likened to the
sound produced by striking two pebbles
together. My experience has taught
me to look for these birds in abundance,
in, or in the vicinity of swampy woods.
They are not, however strictly confined
to trees, as their appellation (Dendreca)
implies, but are found in bushes, and
open land, but in lesser numbers.

During the migrating season when
the number of residents is swelled by
the birds of passage, it is sometimes
difficult to distinguish the specific char-
acteristics of the warblers; especially
when they frequent tall trees, and do
not utter their respective songs; but the
species under consideration is a notable
exception. I can usually recognize this
bird, when against the sun-lit sky he is
apparently black, and devoid of color.
His silhouette has some peculiavity,
which establishes his identity, and pro-
tects him from the collector’s gun.

May 2ist a few years ago, my atten-
tion was attracted by a pair of these
birds around a tangle of briars, grape
vines and bushes. By diligently watch-
ing them, I discovered the proposed site
of their domicile, which was about twa
feet from thg"ground, and inva dense
mass of briars.

166

Only a few blades of dead grass, and
narrow strips of bark had been laid in
place. I closely observed the pro-
cess of construction from day to day,
until finally a neat: and compact struc-
ture had been fabricated. The mater-
jals used were: dead grass, bark, leaves,
paper, horse hair, and spider’s webs.

The nest was so deep inside, that tip
of tail and bill only could be seen when
the female was on, orinit. Two weeks
from date of discovery four eggs of a de-
licate pink tint, dotted at the larger
ends with reddish brown, and lilac, had
been deposited. The average dimen-
sions of several specimens are .67 by .02
inches. :

Our little friend departs for a more
genial clime early in September.

CHARLES L. PHILLIPS,
Taunton, Mass.

APRIL CONTEST.
Sixty-four Judges.

Prize winners and credits received by
each were as follows:
Pointers on Making Bird Skins.

ile
288.

9. A Vacation withthe Birds. 169.

3. The Ibises of Ledworth Lake. 1380.

4. Collecting on an European Islet.
88.

5. Scientific Names, Their Use and
Beauty. 70.

It was neccessary to take into consid-
eration, in awarding the judges prizes,
the two following articles:

6. Zootomy.— 62.

7. Collecting and Collectors. 951.

Ten other articles received from 1 to
44 credits each.

The successful judges, their recorded
number, and the order in which they
named their articles in their decisions
were as follows:

1. No. 51—A. H. W.* Norton,
Antonio, Texas; 1, 2, 3, 5, 4.

2. No. 55—W. 8. Cruzan, Sulphur
Springs, Texas; 3, 1, 2, 5, 4.

3. No. 9—E. J. Brown. Washington,
1D}, iss By, ale Bh eho ee

4. No. 49—C. A. Fairchild, Univer-
sity, N. D.; 1, 2, 4, 3, 6.

5. No. 59—Bert H. Douglas, Burling-
THOM, | EAS 8 UL ls Gh) olay ela) foam) 5

San

THE OOLOGIST.

As the following judges named the
same articles as No. 59, we give them —
Honorable mention: “_

6. No. 34—F. S. Morse, Ridgefield, —
Mises oy 1. Ae i

7. No. 48—T. A. Smithwick, Walke, |}
INGER Ce 22 ol eae .

Prizes were mailed to all winners on ~
May 25th. 7

>t <>

World’s Fair Notes.

A collection of finely mounted birds y
and animals will be shown in the Penn~
sylvania building.

Prof. Charles D. Walcott of the Unit~ $
ed States Geological Survey intends to —
have at the World’s Fair an exhibit —
which will illustrate a section of the —
earth’s crust by specimens of the rock a
strata placed in their proper relative —
positions, and by collections of the —
characteristic fossils shown in connee- —
tion with the formations in which they .
are found. :

ire re

Joaquin B. Calvo, minister of Costa ~
Rica in Washington, has received from —
the commissioner-general of that coun- —
try a letter stating that the country is —
sure to be well represented at Chicago, —
Plans and drawings for an Aztec tem.
ple to he erected by the Costa Rican ~
government have been prepared. This
building, which will be a very fine one, —
will he surrounded by a garden in
which there will be a complete collee-
tion of palms, ferns, bromillas, schilas
and other tropical plants. and it is prohs —
able that specimens of the native ani-
mals and birds will also be sent. In addit-
ion to this a fine archeological collee-
tion will be exhibited.

Mrs. Viola Fuller, of Mitchell, S. D.,
has applied for space in the Woman’s
building for a unique and beautiful
opera cloak, the only one of its kind ex~
isting. The garment which is_ fifty-
seven inches in length, and cireular in

design, is composed entirely of certain

small and particularly delicate feathers
of prairie chickens. Only five or six.
feathers of this peculiar kind are found
on a single bird, consequently the cloak.
represents not only ten years of patient
labor, but the plumage of hundreds of
birds. The feathers were sewed to the
foundation one at a time and deeplv

Be

ze
3
.

’

¥

.

THE OOLOGIST.

overlapping, and now form a_ light,
eyen surface as smooth as the bird’s
breast. The cloak is trimmed in otter
fur, which is also the product of South
Dakota.

The gold and silver and other miner-
al exhibits at the Exposition will prob-
ably aggregate in value several million
dollars. In exhibits of this description
Colorado will naturally tuke front rank.
It is announced that the gold and silver
nuggets to be shown by that state alone
are worth a quarter of a million dollars.
There has been made a splendid collec-

tion of native gold specimens, from all

the richest mining districts. A single
collection, valued at $60,000, has already
been secured. This will be supplement-
ed by the finest collections, secured as
loan exhibits. The exhibits will be both
technical and economic in its character,
showing a scientific classification of the
mineralogy of Colorado and a correct
presentation of its geology. At the
Same time a popular and massive dis-
play of ores, building stone, commer-
cial clays and other mineral products
will be made. In the display will be
the “Silver Queen,” a beautiful statue
of an ideal female figure executed in
silver and valued at $7,500 to $10,000.

—————==aaa] ee

THE SOUTHERN STATES.

To Show the Products at Buffalo.

The Southern Section of the Union
for the past few years has made extraor-
dinary strides in the way of develop-
ment. Tho young men of that section
have come to the front and are laboring
hard to build up and bring out the vast
natural resources of Dixie Land. Ex-
positions have been held at Atlanta, Ga.
Augusta, Ga., New Orleans, La., Rich-
mond, Va. and Raleigh, N.C. The lat-
er under the direction of a combination
‘of Southern gentlemen interested in the
immigration work of the several South-
ern States. This year it has been de-
cided to show in one of the large North-
ern cities the products of the South,
and Butfalo N. Y. has been selected on
account of its nearness to the Canadian
line. The selection of that point en-
ables the South not only to reach the
people of the North but those in the
Dominion of Canada.

The display of Southern products
will be under the charge of Hon. Jno.
. Patrick, Secretary to the Executive

167

Board of the Southern Inter-State Im
migration Bureau, and was General
Manager of the Southern Exposition
held in the city of Raleigh, N. C. during
October and November of last year.

A combination has been made with
the Management of the Buffalo Exposi-
tion, which is held Aug. 17th to 27th,
to show the products of the South at
the same time, the Exposition will be
open to the public. ‘This gives the vis-

tor: the opportunity of seeing two great

Expositions in one.

The Buffalo Exposition will be a
grand display of the products of the
North and the Southern feature will
embrace many things not heretofore
seen by the Northern people, among
which will be growing cotton.

A small patch of growing cotton will
represent the way the cotton is planted,
grown and gathered.

The cotton gin will be shown in full
operation daily. This is something that
not one person out of a thousand has
ever seen.

An old fashioned Spinning wheel will
be shown with an old colored woman
spinning and near by will be another
colored woman carding the cotton into
Tolls”? to be used by the spinner and in
the same department will be an old
Southern cotton loom on which an old
colored woman will be weaving ‘‘home
spun cloth.”

The pine forest will be represented
in the way of sections of the trunks of
huge turpentine trees that have been
boxed” to secure the pine gum to be
distilled into turpentine and rosin.

There will be in practical operation
a turpentine still, making from the
crude gum spirits of turpentine and
rosin.

A tar kiln will be shown in operation.
The exhibits of wild game and animals,
alligators and birds from the jungles of
Florida, Louisiana and, Texas will be a
very interesting sight.

One of the special features will be the
display showing the advancement of the
negro race during the first twenty-five
years of freedom. ‘This special feature
will be under the direction of Dr. J. C.
Price, D. D., said to be the smartest
negro the race has ever produced.
The Doctor is a genuine African, no
mixed blood. He is president of one of
the largest colored educational institu-
tions in the South, an institution built
under his own directions,

There will be forty or more planta-
tion negroes with the Southern exhibit,

168

and their songs and representation of
old time plantation life South will be
worth going a long journey to see.

There are many other features pecul-
iarly Southern that will be shown.
The visitors to the Buffalo Exposition
this year will have an opportunity of
seeing one of the most novel and inter-
esting exhibitions ever presented to the
public. This arrangement has been
brought about principally through the
influence of the live Manager of the
Buffalo Exposition, Mr. Geo. M. Robin-
son, of Elmira, N. Y., Mr. Robinson
and a committee visited the Southern
Inter-State Exposition last fall at Ral-
eigh and placed the advantages of an
Exposition of the products of the South
at Buifalo before Mr. Patrick and «since
then Mr. Robinson has been pressing
the matter until it has been finally set-
tled that the South is to be represented
at the Butfalo Exposition.

aoe

Prizes for Best Articles.

We have decided to _ give our
patrons, each month, five prizes.
These prizes are to be awarded

to the five best articles appearing in the
O6LOGIsT in which the offers are made.

For the five articles in this (Jun.) O6LO-
GIst which are the most instructive,
valuable and interesting we shall give as
follows: ;

Ist prize—A Part of Maynard’s Birds
of Eastern North America, bound in
boards and leather.

2nd prize—Davie’s Key to the Nests
and Eggs of: N. A. Birds, in e cloth.

3d prize—Same as 2d prize, in paper.

4th prize—Hagerup’s ‘‘Birds of Green-
land.”

5th prize—Leverkuhn’s ‘‘Fremde Kier
Im Nest.”

For the July competition we will
give a similar set of prizes,and through-
out the year the aggregate value of
these monthly prizes will not be less
than ten dollars. The value of prizes
offered this month is $15.00.

The articles entering into competition
must contain at least one hundred
words and we prefer that they do not
exceed seven hundred words, unless
they fairly teem with very, very inter-
esting facts or happenings—Remember
that ‘‘fancies,” ‘rehashes,” ‘sparrow
stories” and articles of a similar nature
are not solicited and will rarely be
found “available.”

THE OOLOGIST.

THE JUDGES: Yow have been sel-
ected to act as one of the Judges in
these Prize article contests, and your
decision must be promptly and fairly
given, and in no case later than the
10th of the month following the one on
which the O6LOGIST was issued upon
which your decision is given.

Your decision for this month’s com-
petition must be mailed us not later
than July 20th. Write on the back of a
postal card the articles which you have
decided to be the most valuable, instruc-
tive and interesting in this number of
O6LOGIST and mail to us. Number the
articles in the which you think the
prizes should be awarded.

We have also decided to give our
Judges five prizes, one to each of the
five whose decisions are nearest the
final award of prizes and in the April
competition the Judge whose list of
five articles is the nearest the awarded
list, we will give a copy of Davie’s Key
to the Nest and Eggs of N. A. Birds,
paper. 2d and 3d each a Book relating
to Natural History, elegantly bound in
cloth and gilt. 4th and 5th each a_ set
of Noddy. In ease ofa tie, the earliest
mailed list takes the prize.

Address FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

Detroit, Mich., June 17.

The well known Naturalist and Tax-
idermist, Mr. W. H. Collins, of this city
died on the 11th inst, of heart disease.

Mr. Collins will be remembered by
the old readers of ornithological publi-
cations, to which he contributed a num-
ber of interesting articles from 1876 to

1884.
W ACD

Examine the little rose-colored address label
on the wrapper of the OoLogist, The number
following name denotes the time when your sub-
scription expires or has expired.

56 Signifies your subscription expired June 1890.
62 “cc se 6 oe Dec. oe
68 ee ae ss ee June 1891
74 oe be e “ec Dee. “ac
80 ee ee i willexpire June 1892
86 “ec “6 “é 4eé Dec. 46
92 fe a ES ce a June 1893

We are desirous of straightening our subserip-
tion books at once and trust our subscribers will
send in their subscriptions for ’92 including al}
arrearages, at their earliest conveniences, the
amounts necessary to accomplish this are as
foilows:

“56—$1.25. '62”—$1.00. ‘‘68”—75e. ““74”—50C.

Should you desire to discontinue your subscrip-
tion to the OoLoGisT your indebtedness to us is
25 cents less than the above amounts. The figx
ures.are according to our books June 1, 1892 and
renewals sent since that date have been credited
on our books, but not on the label,

PD Ge Ne

ea

THE OOLOGIST. 169

JULY BARGAINS

A good 12 in. Leg Drill of best Stubbs
steel, two sizes, only 35 cts. each.

Naphaline Camphor Marbles.

A large box of 40 marbles. The neat-
est and handiest article ever made, to
lay around in Specimen Trays, Cases
and Cabinets. Claimed to be a sure

reventative against Moths and Insects.
rice prepaid, only 15 cts.

A 25 yard coil of No. 20 annealed wire
the right size for mounting Sparrows,
Bluebirds, Catbirds, &c, &c. Price pre-
paid, only 12 cts per coil.

A Tin Nail Box, containg + pound of
bright steel wire nails, plain and barb-
ed in all sizes from the smallest to 24 in-
ches in length. This box contains ex-
actly the nails every Collector and Tax-
idermist wants to use. Price prepaid,
20 cts.

If ordered by Express with other
goods, the Marbles and Wire would
each cost you 5 cts and Nails 10 cts less.

Set of Three Note Books in Case each
contains 72 pages, bound in flexible
cloth and set comes in a nice colored
cloth covered case. Will send the set
prepaid, for only8 cts.

For any of the above, address

FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

IDENTIFICATION!

During the past few years we have cheerfully
attempted to

IDENTIFY ALL SPECIMENS

our friends have sent us, and this without re-
muneration; but owing to the fact that we are
now receiving packages by the dozen for this
purpose,and that our time is more than occupi-
ed with our regular business, in the future we
shall be obliged TO CHARGE our friends in ad
dition to return postage the following

RATHS:
Single or first Specimen - Iocts
For each additional Specimen - - 5cts

The above rates for identifying we thnk very
reasonable. Wehave spent several years in
handling and studying specimens of various
kinds, and have on hand a very large stock
With which comparison can be made. We also
have leading works to use forreference. The
advantage of having specimens properly iden-
tified is invaluable to collectors.

Address,

FRANK H. LATTIN ALBION,

N. Y.

ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs should
be and with ‘‘Lattin’’ must be based on the pric-
es given in the New “Standard Catalogue.”

2d Hand Books:—I will give at all times
good exchange for second-hand copies of any
book I offer for sale. I desire at once good Cop-
ies of ‘A. O. U. Check-List,”’ and Baird, Brewer
and Ridgeway’s ‘‘History of N. A. Birds’’—both
“Land” and ‘‘Water Birds.’ Will pay Cash.
FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y.

THE ODELL
PGF VV IRT T FI

$20 will buy the ODELL TYPE WRI-
TER with 78 characters, and $15 for the
SINGLE CASE ODELL, warranted to
do better work than any machine made.

It combines SIMPLICITY with DURA-
BILITY, SPEED, EASE OF OPERATION,
wears longer without cost of repairs
than any other machine. Has no ink
ribbon to bother the operator. It is
neat, substantial, nickel-plated, perfect,
and adapted to all kinds of type writ-
ing. Ljke a printing press, it produces
sharp, clean, eligible manuscripts.
Two or ten copies can be made at one
writing. Any intelligent person can be-
come an operator in two days. We of-
fer $1,000 to any operator who can
equal the work of the DOUBLE CASE
ODELL.

Reliable Agents and Salesmen want-
ed. Special inducements to Dealers.

For Pamphlet giving Indorsements,
etc., address m2t

ODELL TYPE WRITER CO.,
358-364 Dearborn St. Chicago, Ill.

Do Your Feet Perspire ?

and emit unpleasant odors? If they do
and you wish to rid yourself of the nui-
sance, send 25¢, silver, for Tannine, a
complete cure.
G.A.R. Co..
465 9th St., Milwaukee, Wis.
mst.

400 varieries or stamps $1.00
Duplicates can be returned.
AN UNUSUAL OFFER
W. B. GRBANY,

827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL.
Catalogue for stamp.

170 THE OOLOGIST.

Taxidermy and Zcological Collecting,

A Complete Hand-book of 862 pages for the
amateur Taxidermist, Collector, Osteol- —
ogist, Museum Builder, Sports-
man and Traveler.

Illustrated with Twenty-four Plates and Eighty-five Text Pictures.

pull Nig 2 lbs as

WILLIAM T. HORNADAY,

[For Eight Years Chief Taxidermist of the U.S. National Museum. ]

It goes without saying that this is the best work in the markes
for the use of the Naturalist, since the author is at the head of hit ~
profession, and he has spared no time nor trouble to make the book © ©
complete.

It not only covers all the ground as a text-book for the beginner
but any Taxidermist will be repaid by a perusal of its pages, and
once read, it will lie on the work bench, as a companion to the scis-
sors and skinning knife, for it is as indispensable to one who desires
to be a WORKMAN, as the frame work of the specimen itself. |

PRICE, $2.50.
Frank H. Lattin, Albion, N. Y.

YOUR SON. af
| . like to have am
him spend duly with a Scientific Party. @
which includes several College Professors ?
Expenses Moderate!
ror Particulars address
ALBERTIL. AREY, Digeqtrer
Natural Science Camp,

2929 Averill Ave.,

Rochester, N. Y.

e Best Oclogist’s Outfit
i for. the mouey ever offered.

a “One 25e. nickeled blowpipe, one 25c.
“nickeled and engraved embryo hook,
one 20c¢. egg drill, all in a neat wood

ONLY 35 CANTS.

Vhen ordering this Outfit, ff you wiil
_ inclose 15cts. extra, 50c. in all, I will
' send you a fine, first-class set of one egg
With data of the Noddy (list price @5e.)
By accepting this offer you obtain Vic.

rth of first-class instruments, and a
ery desireable 7ie. egg | |

-ALL ROR ONLY 80 CENTS.

- Lwillsend you a dozen outfits and a

dozen eggs prepaid for $5.00. .

Order wt once as this offer may be

rithdrawn next mouth.

FRANK H LATTIN,
AvBron, N.Y.

World’s Tair Relics.

" Millions of fish made of STAFF will adorn

STAFF.

‘These are choice relics and are going very
rapidly we will send them carefully packed so
as to insure safe delivery as follows: 50 cents
‘each. 3 for $1. $8 per dozen. . Special offer in
holesaie tots. size 4x7xl Inches. Stamps ac
' cepted for single orders. ‘
_ Address ali orders.

Dr. McGill’s Exhibit,

4310 Cottage Grove,Chicago, Ills,
WEST VIRGINIA

ird & Mammal Skins and Bggs

All specimens carefully prepared and
with full data.

| WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
k= Price List for Stamp.

- THADDEUS SURBER,
White Sulphur Springs, W. Va.

S OOLOGIST.

irned box by return mail, prepaid for _

the fishery buildings, aside from beinga RELIC -

The Oologist for 1892.
The OGLOGEST is Without question the most
' popular and instructive magazine, devoted
to Birds, their Nests and Eggs, ever published,
and while of special value to the Oologist and
Ornithologist, its publisher is not alone in his
belief that Teachers, Scientists, Naturalists.
and Curiosity Coltectors in ali departments will
find the QOLOGISrT not only worthy of their at-
tention, but of their swescréiptions. On January
{892, the OoLoGisr entered its ninth volume,
and it will be the aim of its Publisher, with the
aid ef its subscribers, to make it of greater
value than any preceding ene. Each number
for "92 will contain twenty pages (16 and a cov~
er), and will be promptly and regularly issued
the first week of each month and will be sent
post-paid to any part of the World

For Only 50 Cents

Every stbscriber received for °92, will be
mailed a card composed of two Coupons ene of*
which will entitle the person addressed, to a
free Exchange Notice, of 25 words in the Oone-
GiST If Used within one year from date. The
second coupon wilt be accepted by the Publish-
er ef the QOLOGIST from the person addressed.
in payment foror towards anything he offers
for sale. to the amount of 25 ceuts providing ;
the. goods ordered amount to not less than $1.4
This coupon is Just the same as 25c in cash to
you if yeu should want to purchase anything ©
of us to the amount of $1.25, during the year.

Remember ¢ve7'y subscriber received for the
OOLOGIST Will receive FCR GCNLY 59 CENTS
the feliowing?

The OoLocisT for 92... _...... 8 50
Coupon for an Exchange Notice... Lory
5 Ss 25c on $1.35 order... 28
$1.00

AGENTS WANTED ON SALARY
or commission. to handle the new Patent Chem-
icat Ink Erasing Pencil. The quickest and —
greatest selling novelty ever produced. Erases ©
ink thoroughly in two seconds. No abrasion of
paper. Works like magic. 200.t0 500 per cent
profit. One Agent’s sales amourted to 8°20 in
six days. Another $32in two hours. Previous —
_ experience not necessary. For terms and full —
particulars. address. THE MONROE ERASER ~
Mig Co., LaCrosse, Wis. x 456. ; Jest -

- VALUABLE OOLOGISTS.

The followings No’s. of the OOLOGIST are of
special value to to every collector:

Feb. 89. Maurice Thompson's ‘“Red-headed
Family.”

March. ’§9, *’Directions for making a Bird or
Mammal Skin.”

“Nov.. ’89. Complete List of N. A. Birds with
prices of eggs, also three pages of Oological
ymstruction. ‘G SE

Feb.. °90. Compiete List of N. A. Birds and the
prices of their skins.

Feb.. 91, A complete.description of the first 62
numbers of fhe YOUNG OOLOGistT and OOLO
GIST with price per copy, also an exhaustive
Index of Vol. VII

Any of the above OOLOGISTS Will be sent you
post paid for 5cts. or the entire five for only
15cts. Address -

FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

The Standard Catalogue

—— 0r— a ee

North American Birds F

sree ae BY—

FRANK H. LATTIN,

ASSISTED i

Capt. Chas. E. Bendire, J. Parker Norcia: Esq, and
Capt. B. F. Goss. ae

It gives the Common and Scientific name of every North Ame i
Bird according to the A. O..U. Nomenclature. It also gives the A. O
U. Numbers as well as those of both Coues’ and Ridgeway, and last |
not least it gives the value of eggs of nearly every species, over one hun
dred of which never appeared on any printed list before.

It is nota personal catalogue of any one Dealer or Collector, as th
is not a Collector in the entire World who has or could furnish all
species whose values are given, and there is not a Dealer who could
nish over, from 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced. :

The Catalogue is printed on extra quality of paper and contains
pages, size 34x54 in. ih

Price 35 cents per copy. 3 copies for $1.00.

Special Offer to the subscribers of the Ootocist. We desire to p
as many copies as possible at once as we believe that every copy sold
now means the sale of dozens later. We have coneluded to furnish ©
subseribars of the OoLogisT what copies they may need if they will p Du
chase on or before July 25th, ’92 at the following reduced rates. oa

Single Copy, 25 cts. a;

Five Copies, $1.00 s

One Dozen or more copies at the rate of $2.00 per doz.
FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, oe Ae

TESTIMONIALS. a
As the first copy was mailed on June 16th and this page was prin
on the 20th we cannot tell what our patrons think of the Bean u
til next month. :
The following has, however, already been received:— :
-“T received to-day the “Standard Catalogue” and deem it— truly
standard.” me
June 17th, 1892. H. C. Linu, Ann Arbor, Mi

\"

Monthly.

VOL. IX.

DW ee one ea

ALBION, N. Y., JULY, 1892.

,
\cx
gaRgeyageenaee?

ConA RI EIRP eTRORA ;
\ Vy, SASSASSOSES oo Cee SSR SSeeee eeeeEee | é
Zs ps P ee

50c. per Year.

C

NEW RATES. NEW RULES. NEW REGULATIONS.

Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.

Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,” “Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department
for 50c per 35 words. Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additiona}
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. Terms, cash with order.

Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates.

“DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only,

Exchange Cards and Coupons (Subscription) will be accepted for ‘‘Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only

and according to conditions stated thereon.

ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs
should be and with ‘‘Lattin’’ must be based on
the prices given in the New “Standard Cata-
logue.”

WANTED.— First-class singles not in my
collection in exchange for~a set of 6 Screech
Owls and a set of 7 Chickadees, First-class.
HARRY STRATTON, Toulon, Il.

TO EXCHANGE.—Fine first-class singles for
first-class sets with-data. .CHAS. A. PROC-
TOR, Hanover, N. H.

FOR EXCHANGE.—A live young Red-tailed
Hawk taken fromnestin April. For particul-
as address C. C. BACON, Bell, Christian Co.,

y.

I HAVE four pairs of white Japanese ban-
tams also three tame Sparrow Hawks to ex-
change for first-class singles.Sea birds prefered:
FRED HUBBARD, Lock Box 174, Geneva, O-

SEND list of 1st olass sets and receieve mine ~

of papers, eggs, Stamps, minerals, and relics.
Many common sets wanted. Also Davie’s Key
A nee WALTER A. LOVETT, Oxford,
“Mass.

I HAVE rare eggs of this locality to ex-
change for books, back volumes of magazines,
Some government reports, microscope and
Other articles. H. G. HOSKIN, Beloit, Colo.

WANTED.—Some one to purchase an Evan’s
Foot Power Job Press, in good working order.
Cheap, a bargain to the right person. Write
for particulars. O. J. ZAHN, 427 S. Hope St.,
Los Angeles, Cal.

EXCHANGE.—Have sets and singles of
Many western eggs to exchange for eastern
Singles, Would like to exchange several of a
kind with each party. Basis of exchange, Lat-
tin’s Handbook, HERBERT KELLEY, De-
coto, Calif.

TO EXCHANGE.—First-class Hummers,
Water-Thrushes and Hawks, for Ostrich, Sea
Eagle or Southern eggs. Other eggs for ex-
change.. J.C. CRAWFORD, Statesville, N, C.

ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs should
be ana with “Lattin” must be based on the pric-
es given in the New ‘‘Standard Catalogue.”’

EXCHANGE.—A.O.U Nos. the following sets
for original sets with datas: 219 6-5, 5-6, 3-7, 2-8;
221 2-4, 4-5, 4-6, 3-7; 316 1-2; 412 1-4; 477 3-5; 488 3-4,
1-5; 498 1-3; 550 1-3; 56% 1-4; 581 1-3; 755 1-3; 761 1-3,
1-4; 704 1-25; 7°6 1-3; 77 2-2; 214 2-4: 202 3-2, 5-3, 10-4,
3-5; 190.1-4, 1911-4. E.R. & R. C. BENNETT,
893 Clybourn Ave., Chicago, Ills.

CALIFORNIA Traveler and Naturalist, Napa,
City, California, will accept good specimens,
tools or other articles in exchange for subscrip-
tions. Also minerals, printing and curios for
exchange.

TO EXCHANGE.—First-class birds eggs of
this locality for desirable eggs in sets or for
Taxidermist Tools in good order; address O. J.
ZAHN, 427 S. Hope St., Los Angeles, Cal.

-WANTED.—To exchange first-class, carefully
identified sets; for like sets. Reliable collectors
send lists and receive mine. FRANK CRAIG,
622 23d St., San Francisco, Cal.

FIRST-CLASS EGGS in sets, many with
nests, to exchange for same. Original data
with each set and only such wanted in return.
Send list and receive mine. J. WARREN,
JACOBS, Waynesburgh, Pa. ;

Sets of (A. O. U.) No’s 12, 13a, 15, 47, 65, 92, 115,
163, 207, 314, 318, 319, 320a, 373d, 377a, 410, 414, 429,
496, 512 586, 605, 615, 706, 707, 712, for others
equally as rare and desirable. JAMES P.
BABBITT. 12 Hodges’ Ave., Taunton, Mass.

Large variety of fine skins and sets and sin-
gles for Skins notin my collection. Want sin-
gles with data all correspondence answered.
A. W. HANAFORD, 21 Olive Street, Grand

, Rapids, Mich.

ALLIGATOR EGGS wanted in hundred or.
thousand lots. Must be first-class, side blown.
Write stating quantity you can furnish. with
cash or exchange price. [would also likea few
hundred snake eggs. FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

174

EXCHANGES and WANTS, Continued

ALL future transactionsin Birds Eggs should
ve and with ‘‘Lattin” must be based on the pric-
es given in the New “Standard Catalogue.”

WANTED.—First-class set. with data, of 6
1-7. Will give following singles: 6, 77. 200, 387,
495, 652, and 735. (a of 495). J. S. GRIFFING,
Cutchogue, L. I., N. Y.

EXCHANGE.—Sets of this locality for other
first-class sets, with data; alsorare and Com-
mon singles for sets, or large or showy singles.
RAY L. WILBUR, Riverside, California.

A GOOD Collecting gun 38 smooth bore
Shells 2in. long, gun3 ft. long, 5 lbs, for best
offer of eggs in sets With data, send list. J. F.
McGINNIs, Box 244, lowa City, Ia.

WANTED.- Repeating Rifle, Newhouse steel
traps and offers for 20 guage Breech Loading
Collecting Gun and outfit, telescope. Frank
Wessen pistol. books, watch, coins, eggs. C.
BYRON VANDERCOCK, Odin, Ils.

TO EXCHANGE.—A 4x5 Anthony Photo
Outfit With everything, complete, New, worth
$20. For 1st class eggsin singles. Send list to
W.A. CRANDALL, Webster City, Iowa.

I HAVE a rare collection of 500 Bird Eggs to
sell for $10 cash or exchange for sea bird eggs.
Send for List. PAUL MCGINTY, Box 150,
Athens, Ga,

SETS TO EXCHANGE.—A. O. U.Nos., 12 1-1,
16 1-1, 29 1-1 1-2, 80a 1-1, 49 1-38, 59 1-8, 79 1-1, 120c
1-3 1-4 @ $1.50, 122 1-3, 123b 1-38, 1-4, 337b 1-2, 360 1-4,

378¢ 1-2 1-3 1-4, 378 1-5 1-6, 431 1-2 and nest on twig,
413 1-7, 458 1-4, 464 1-4, 466 1-8 1-4, 474b 1-3, 476 1-4
1-5, 1-6 1-7, 499 1-4, 510 1-5, 530 1-4, 581d 1-4, 591b 1-4,

9

596 1-3 1-4, 599 1-3 1-4. 6271-4, 7151-5, 725a 1-3, 733
1-6 1-7, 7438a 1-61-7, 758 1-3 1-4 and 767 1-4. The
above are in Ist class original, and positively
identified sets; nearly all were collected by me.
Have singles of all the above except 59, 337b,
627 and 767; and in addition bave singles of 47,
54, 58, 294, 417, 475 and 531. Want to exchange
With reliable collectors, for 1st class well iden-
tified and original sets. Lattns 1890 list as
basis. FRED A. SCHNNIDER, College Park,
Santa Clara Co., California.

25 second-class arrow heads, five Nos. “Out-
ing.” and ‘‘Livingston’s Travels and Explora-
tionsin Africa,” for U. S..stamps. SAMUEL
H. ROBBH, Belleville, Wayne Co., Michigan.

I will give specimens of any kind, advertis-
ing space in the OOLOGIS®, and tor extra good
ofters anything I offer for sale or possibly CASH
tor first-class Indian Relics, or for new or 2d
hand booksin Natural History, in good con-
dition, ornithology or oology preferred— a set
of the “Natural History of New York’ and
‘copies of ‘‘Coues’ Key” especially desired.
FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N, Y.

FOR SALE.—The following first-class sets
with datas post paid on receiptot cash: Black-
headed Grosbeak 1-3 @ 10c., Cala. Thrasher 1-3
@, &c., Black Pewee 1-3 1-4 @ 5c., Least Vireo 1-3
@ 40c.. Heerman’s Song Sparrow 1-4@5c. Ar-
kansas Goldfinch 1-4 @ 6c., Arkansas Kingbird
1-4 @ 4e., Cactus Wren 1-3@6c.. Burrowing
Owl 1-5 @ 10c., Cala. Screech Owl 1-2 1-4 @ 25c.,
Lewis’ Woodpecker 1-5 @ 25c., Am. Sparrow
Hawk 1-5 @ l¥c.. Road Runner 1-4 @ 12¢., Law-
rence’s Goldfinch 1-4@ (0c., Black-chin. Hum-
mer n-2 @ 3dc., Anna’s Hummer n-2 @ 30e.
first order of over $1.40 will receive a pair of
Sharp-shinned Hawk’s eggs. Address at once
M. L. WICKS, Jr., Los Augeles, Calif.

The

ry

THE OOLOGIST

A NEW $100 International Type-writer and a
$75 Life Scholarship of the Euclid Avenu2 Bus-
iness College, good at either Detroit, Buffalo or
Cleveland. Will exchange for best offer.
FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. '

WANTED —2d hand copies of either ‘“‘Coues’
Key” or “Ridgway’s Manual’’ will gtve cash or

exchange. Write stating condition, edition,
ane best terms. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion,
Anko

TO EXCHANGE.—First-class original sets
With data of this locality, for same of other loc-
alities, also good 22 cal. target rifle for sale or
exchange, make offers. Send list and receive
mine. L.J. DRENNAN, New Sharon, Iowa,

2d Hand Books:—I will give at all times
good exchange for second-hand copies of any
book I offer for sale. I desire at once good Cop-
ies of ‘A. O. U. Check-List,”’ and Baird, Brewer
and Ridgeway’s ‘‘History of N. A. Birds’”—both
“Land” and ‘Water Bids.’ Will pay Cash.
FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y.

Seon STAMP for price list of birds eggs at
adv. lowest rates. W. E. PRATT, Lake
Forest, Il. ;

AGENTS WANTED ON SALARY
or commission, to handle <he new Patent Chem-
ical Ink Erasing Pencil. The quickest and
greatest selling novelty ever produced. Erases
ink thoroughly in two seconds. No abrasion of
paper. Works like magic. 200 to 500 per cent
profit. One Agent’s sales amourted to $720 in
six days. Another $32 in two hours. Previous
experience not necessary. For terms and full
particulars, address. THE MONROE ERASER
Mfg Co., La Crosse. Wis. x 456. Jest

BIRD CUES.

An illustrated price-list of Electrotypes of
Birds sent free. Just the thing to use on your
letter heads, circulars, etc. HKngraying to 04
der. H. A. CARHART, Syracuse, N. Y.

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Examine the little rose-colored address label
on the wrapper of the Oonogisr, The number
following name denotes the time when your sub-
scription expires or has expired.

56 Signifies your subscription expired June 1890.

62 « ae 6 Dec.

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4. oe be oe “é Dec. ee
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We are desirous of straightening our subserip-
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send in their subscriptions for ’92 including all
arrearages, at their earliest conveniences, the
amounts necessary to accomplish this are as
foilows:

*56"--$1.25. ‘*62”—$1.00. ‘*68”—75¢c. ‘74”—50c.

Should you desire to discontinue your subserip-
tion to the OoLoGisT your indebtedness to us is
25 cents less than the above amounts. The fig-
ures are according to our books June 1, 1892 and
renewals sent since that date have been credited
on our books, but not on the label.

The Cheapest

Oologists Outtit

of value ever offered

For Only 25 Cents,

IT will send you by return mail pre-
paid 1 white metal blowpipe, 1 12-100
drill, 1 44in. nickeled embryo hook, 1
lead pencil, 1 6in. rule, all packed in a
neat, slide cover, compartment box.

This outfit is usually retailed in pieces
at from 50 to 75ets. Our profit in han-
dling them at this price is nothing. We
have oniy 150 sets. After they are gone
will refund your money. Remit at once
if you desire one of the best outfits for
the money ever offered.

Only 25cts.; Prepaid.
12 for $3.00 100 for $25.
FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

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ead, Scrof- ula, Sick Head-
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THE OOLOGIST. 175

Vacation Bargains.

A good 12 in. Leg Drill of best Stubbs
steel, two sizes, only 35 cts. each.

Naphaline Camphor Marbles.

A large box of 40 marbles. The neat-
est and handiest article ever made, to
lay around in Specimen Trays, Cases
and Cabinets. Claimed to be a sure

‘preventative against Moths and Insects,

Price prepaid, only 15 cts.

A 25 yard coil of No. 20 annealed wire
the right size for mounting Sparrows,
Bluebirds, Catbirds, &c, &e. Price pre-
paid, only 12 cts per coil.

A Tin Nail Box, containg + pound of
bright steel wire nails, plain and barb-
ed in all sizes from the smallest to 24 in-
ches in length. This box contains ex-
actly the nails every Collector and Tax-
idermist wants to use. Price prepaid,
20 ets.

If ordered by Express with other
goods, the Marbles and Wire would
each cost you 5 cts and Nails 10 cts less.

Set of Three Note Books in Case each
contains 72 pages, bound in flexible
cloth and set comes in a_ nice colored
cloth covered ease. Will send the set
prepaid, for only8 cts.

For any of the above, address

FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

OUR SOUTHERN HOME

ls the Name of a 40-page Monthly Magazine

Published at Mount Holly, North Carolina.
All persons wishing to learn all about North
Carolina, her unlimited resourses, unrivaled
climate, and unparalleled inducements offered
new settlers, also a full history of her flowers,
birds and natural curiosities, Should send 5 one-
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ERN HOME and receive also our little book
entitled “The Grape, Fruit and Trucking in-
dustry of North Carolina. Address, M. H,
PRIDE, Mount Holly, North Carolina. =

CARR'S NATURAL HISTORY STORE,

Sea Shells, Corals, Minerals, Bird Skins and
Eggs, Curios, Supplies for Taxidermists, Ento-
mologests, Botanists and Oologists. Taxid-
ermy in all Branches of the art. Gold fish and
aquarums.

40 page Illustrated Catalogue for 2c stamp.
C.F. CARR

Madison, Wis.

156

What $1 will bring when sent to
Cc. L. FREEMAN, Chadron, Neb.
1 Photograph of ‘‘Wounded Knee”’ Battlfield.
ne ‘* Burial of the Dead after Battle.
ou “ Beef Issue at Pine Ridge.
we “* Chief Red Cloud or BloodyHand
Or for $2 I will send the above collection and
1 Photograph of Red Cloud’s House.
1 os * Chief Sitting Bull.
1 sf “« Three Hostile Chiefs.
1 Pair of genuine Sioux moccasins.
Catalogue of Indian Relics and Photographs
Sent for 2 cent stamp. C.L. FREEMAN. Jet

—

MY WANTS FOR THE NEXT 30 DAYS.

ICAN USE atfull rates in not less than $1 or
over $10 lots, aS per conditions named below,
the following species: Western Grebe. Loon,
Black Guillemot, Gull-billed Tern, Least Tern,
Black Tern, Leache’s Petrel, Fla. Cormorant,
Anhinga, Least Bittern, Green Heron, Clapper
Rail, Prairie Hen, Black and Turkey Vultures,
Whooping and _ Sandhill Cranes, Bald
Eagle, Purple Finch, Lark Sparrow, Car-
dinal, Ovenbird, House and Long-billed Marsh
Wrens, Field Sparrow, Wood Thrush, King-
bird,{Yellow Warbler, Dickcissel, Red-head
Duck, Razor-billed Auk, Louisiana Snowy and
Black-crowned Night Herons, Laughing Gull,
Black Skimmer, Pied-billed Grebe, Gray Sea
Eagle. Bobolink, Chipping Sparrow and Mock-
ingbird. Other specimens will be accepted at
one-half rates. The prices given in the NEw
STANDARD CATALOGUE must be used as a basis.
All eggs must be strictly jirst-class in every par-
ticular , and if not in such condition I will take
out eggs to the amount of five times the actual
cost of return postage to pay for same and
trouble, and will return the balance to you.

In return for above, I will give Back Num-
bers at single copy price, and advertising space
in the OOLOGIST at regular rates; one year’s
subscription to the OOLOGIST, including cou-
pons at $1.00; Good White Metal Nickel Blow-
er, 35c. Long-handled Nickled Embyro Hooks,
25c. 12-100 Egg Drills, 15c. Davie’s ‘Nests and
Eggs of N. A. Birds,” cloth and gilt, 4.00

New Standard Catalogue, 50c; and single eggs
of the following species A. O. U. No’s at new
STANDARD CATALOGUE rates: 69, 75*, 76*, 797,
112, 140*, 147, 190, 198, 224, 289a, 319, 393, 393b, 394a,
407*, 465*. 466, 466a*, 477a, 488a. 490, 495a, 499*,500*,
505a*, 530%, 594, 628, 673*, 706*, 707*, 719*, 7'9a, 719b,
729*and 758*. Also any of the following European
eggs at 10c each, Blackbird,* Song Thrush,*
Robin,* Chaffinch,* Whitethroat.*

Can furnish sets of all specie sfollowed by *.

We will also give anything we offer for sale
at full prices quoted in our regular Cata-
logue, on the following conditions, your order
must not amount to less than $2. nor over $10., in
payment for the Same We will accept eggs want-
ed to the full amount of your order and CASH to
the amount of one-half the Same—for an exam-
ple we will suppose you have Selected from our
Catalogue $10.10 worth of Supplies, Specimens,
Publications and Instruments, according to
this offer, I will send you these goods upon re-
ceipt of $10.00 worth of the eggs wanted at full
rates, and $5.00 in Cash. This offer to you, if
you need anything we handle, amounts to our
paying you % rates in cash ror the eggs I want,
andn4 rates for the ones I do not want. This
exchange and want offer holds good until Aug-
ust 2''th and until that date,I do not care to pur-
chase or exchange for eggs under any other

conditions.
FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

tel pe

ALL future transactionsin Birds Eggs should
be and witn ‘‘Lattin” must be based on the pric-
es given in the New ‘Standard Catalogue.”

THE OOLOGIST.

The Best Oologist’s Outfit

for the money ever offered.

One 25c. nickeled blowpipe, one 25c,
nickeled and engraved embryo hook,
one 20c. egg drill, all in a neat wood
turned box by return mail, prepaid for

ONLY 35 CANTS.

When ordering this Outfit, if you wiil
inclose 15cts. extra, 50c. in all, I will
send you a fine, first-class set of one eg
with data of the Noddy (list price ae}
By accepting this offer you obtain 75c.
worth of first-class instruments, and q
very desireable 75c. egg

ALL FOR ONLY 60 CENTS.

I will send you a dozen outfits and a
dozen eggs prepaid for $5.00.

Order at once as this offer may be.

withdrawn next mouth.

FRANK H LATTIN,
ALBION, N. Y.

WEST VIRGINIA

Bird & Mammal Skins and Eggs

All specimens carefully prepared and
with full data.

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL,

KS" Price List for Stamp.
THADDEUS SURBER,
White Sulphur Springs, W. Va.

Je6t

400 yarreries or stamps $4.00
Duplicates can be returned.
AN UNUSUAL OFFER

W. FP. GRRANY;,
827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL,
Catalogue for stamp.

Do Your Feet Perspire ?

and emit unpleasant odors? If they do
and you wish to rid yourself of the nui-
sance, send 25c, silver, for Tannine, a
complete cure.
G. A. R. Co..
465 9th St., Milwaukee, Wis.

mst.

THE OOLOGIST.

VOL. IX.

A Quawk Town.

For several years it has been my de-
sire to visit the swamps in the northern
part of this, Henry, county and this
year I took a few days vacation and
made my visit.

Old hunters told me about a “Town”
of some kind Of birds, where there were
hundreds of nests and my friend, Keen-
er, promised to take me to the place if
. I would come Over.

T arrived in Annawan about sundown
and we started for his home ina few
minutes.

I soon began to see numbers of Am.
Bitterns and after a while he showed me
a flock of ‘‘Quawks’’ on the way to
their feeding grounds, and as the sun
went down and we wentalong the sand
hills I could see them everywhere.

When nearly at his home “Doc”
showed me one lying in the road. It
was a Black-crowned Night Heron.

Next morning we went around one

end of the swamp to get a boat and I

saw great numbers of Herons flying
about a grove, and at that time thought
they were nesting there

After getting our boat we ‘‘poled”’
through the marsh—Doce poled and I
encouraged him. We found a number
of Yellow-headed Blackbirds. Coots,
Gallinules and Grebes nests, but it was
not until we had gone some 3 miles that
the Heronry came in full view.

It seemed to me asI stood up in the
boat and saw their white necks in the
grass that 5000 wasn’t too bga guess
for the number there.

We soon got in the town which was a
large space where the birds had tramp-
ed down the grass to the top of the wa-
ter, which was from 2 to 3 feet deep,
the grass—a coarse kind found in

ALBION, N. Y., JULY, 1892.

NO. 7

marshes—growing to the height of about
3 feet above the water at this time.

This made a kind of floor and on it
the nests were scattered all about.

The nests were platforms from 2 to 6
in. deep, almost flat on top, so flat that
many eggs had rolled off into the water,
generally composed of green rushes and
the stalk of the marsh grass. But some
of them were very substantial affairs,
made almost entirely of twigs and quite
large sticks, brought from the grove
where I first saw the birds flying and
from which we could now see them com-
ing with sticks in their bills.

Very few of the nests contained eggs
at this time as the town had been thor-
oughly robbed a week before and all
the eggs taken, 120 dozen I was told.

We only got one: set of 4 and a few of
three—most of the nests containing 2
Oe I

On the 8th I again«visited the town
and found several sets of 4 and a num-
ber of 8.

From what I could see I think 3 is
about the full set and that 2 is common,
4israre and I did not see any with
more thrn 4. The eggs were all fresh
o- incubation was so slight as to be
scarcely noticed.

The eggs are dark greenish blue when
first laid and ina set itis easy to pick
out the first laid by the variation in
color as they fade to a light greenish
blue shade very quickly.

The eggs in a set sometimes show
very great variations in size and shape,
and the sets of 4 will average smaller
than sets of 3. I think.

A set of 3 measures 2.10x1.48, 1.97x1.48
2.04x1.53 another measures 2.25x1.50,
1.92x1.47. 2.00x1.49.

A set of four: 2.09x1.51, 1.95x1.50, 1.97
x1.52, 1.87x1.40. Five eggs average
2.09x1.47.

178 THE OOLOGIST.

A large number of the birds left the
“town’’ as soon as disturbed and seemed
to have no further interest in it—settl-
ing down about a mile away and re-
maining there as long as we were in the
swamp. The ‘‘boys” called them the
“bucks”.

The birds did not seem to take any
particular interest in their nests—keep-
ing so far away we had difficulty in pro-
curing specimens.

The feeding ground of the Herons are
sometimes as much as 20 miles away.

They come regularly to the marshy
sloughs and the lake a mile from Ke-

wanee which is over 20 miles from their ~

nesting place.

They reach here shortly after sun-
down. That these birds can fly fast I
know as I saw a pair of Herons keep up
with an express train fora distance of
over 5 miles. A Heronry is not a sweet
smelling place on a warm day I can as-
sure you—both the eggs and the birds
have a disagreeable odor—and the de-

-ecaying matter makes it worse.
: A. C. MURCHISON,
Kewanee, II.

The Hairy Woodpecker.
(Dryobates vellosus)

The Hairy Woodpecker is a common
summer resident in this vicinity. Al-
though it sometimes escapes observation
by its retiring habits, I think it to be as
common as the Downy Woodpecker (J.
pubescens) here. In speaking of its re-
tiring habits Ido not mean that it fre-
quents the deep woods alone, but mere-
ly that itis not seen in orchards ani
open groves near houses as the Downy
often is. The plumage is much the
same as the Downy’s, the most conspic-
uous difference being the lack of the
white on the back, so noticable in the
Downy Woodpecker.

The favorite nesting place of the
Hairy here is in live poplar trees, the
nest being dug in the body from ten to

forty feet high. So marked is their
preference for these trees that of five
occupied and many unoccupied nests,
noted this year, all but one were placed
in poplars. The exceptional one was

placed in a dead but sound maple stub.

I think that this preference may be ac:
counted for by the fact that while they
prefer strong, live trees, they naturally
like the wood soft enough to dig easily,
and also by the fact that a dead or spon:
gy heart is very often found in these
trees, in which the perpendicular pass<
age may be dug with comparative ease.
The nests are often dug in from the
north or west sid? of the tree, probably
to escape the summer storms. The en:
trance passage extends in about six in-
ches to the perpendicular passage which |
is about ten inches deep, enlarging at
the bottom.

While opening a nest at least one of
the birds usually stays near by, flitting
about and rapping on the neighboring
trees as if in sheer nervousness. The
eggs are four to sixin number. A set,
of six taken June 8th, average in meas-
urement .87x.67. They were taken
from a nest, placed as usual, in a pop:
lar tree and about ten feet from the
ground.

W.E. AIKEN,
Benson, Vt.

><>

Birds Found Breeding in Bertie Co., N. C.

Below I give a list of the birds of
which I have taken eggs during the
springs of 1891 and 1892, together with
a short description of the nests, measure-
ments of eggs, ete.

1. Green Heron. Ardea virescens.
Common summer resident, nesting in
bushes and small trees from 8 to 30 feet,
up; nest a shallow platform of small
sticks loosely laid together; the comple-
ment of eggs is four or five, more often
four; a set of five, taken May 16th, 91,
present the following sizes: 1.49x1.11,
1.58x1.12, 1.48x1.10, 1.52x1.09, A set of 4

THE OOLOGIST. alas:

eges taken May 2, 92 measure 1.46x1.12
1,52x1.15, 1.47x1.14, 1.55x1.12.

2. Chuck-wills-widow. <Antrostomus
carolinensis. A tolerably common sum-
mer resident. A set of two eggs taken
May 14th, 91, measure 1.43x.97 and 1.47
x1.00; these were laid on bare ground
in the woods.

3. Chimney Swift. Chetwra pelagica.
Common summer resident, A nest tak-
en June 20th, °90, was made of small
sticks glued together and placed in a
chimney of an occupied house. This
contained five eggs, which measure .76x
81, .74x:51, .72x.51 .70x.48, .76x.51.

4. Ruby-throated Hummingbird. Tro-
chilus colubris. Common summer resi-
dent. A nest with two eggs was tak-
en May 9th, ’91.

5. Kingbird. Tyrannus tyrannus. A
common summer resident. Nests in the
tall sycamores and oaks, and sometimes
in apple trees. Nest made of almost
any convenient material, lined with fine
grass. Eggs, three or four; a set tak-
en May 25th, 91, measure .90x.70, .94x
TIE POET Be

6. Acadian Flycatcher. Hmpidonax
acadicus. A commonsummer resident.
Nest suspended usually at end of a
swinging beech limb, but sometimes in
oak and hollies, from 8 to 25 feet up, us-
ually about 10 feet from ground; some
nests are made of various kinds of ma-
terial, such as small sticks, grass, fine
black moss, etc., while the greater num-
ber are made entirely of green moss.
The birds seem to prefer to nest along
the edges of the small swamps. Eggs,
usually three in number, but sometimes
only two. Aset taken May 21st, 91,
measure .71x.55, .70x.54, .71x.54. An-
other set taken May 19th, ’92, measure
“75x.54, .77x.54, .78x.54.

7. Chipping Sparrow. Spizella social-
ts. Common resident. Eggs three or
four. A set taken May 25th, ’91, meas-
ure .67x.51, .71x.52, .71x.52, 76x.49.

8. Cardinal. Cardinalis cardinalis.
Tolerably common resident. A nest

taken April 30th, 92, was made of weed
and vine stems, dry leaves, reed, grape-
vine bark, lined with fine grass stems,
and was placed six feet up, ina holly
bush; this contained three fresh eggs
which measure .99x.78, 1.01x.73, .96x
72.

9. Indigo Bunting. Passerina cyanea.
Tolerably common summer resident,

-but I have seen but one nest, this was

found June 1st, ’91 and contained three
incubated eggs. The nest was made of
leaves and reed shucks, weed stems,
ete., lined with fine grass, laced in the
forks of a small oak bush 2 feet up.
Sizes of eggs: .70x.49, .72x.52. .70x.51.

10. Summer Tanager. Piraga rubra.
A nest with three eggs of this species
was taken May 9th, ’91, from an oak
tree abont 15 feet up.

11. Purple Martin. Prognesubis. Very
common summer resident, arriving the
latter part of March. Nest in bird box
and made of twigs and leaves. Eggs
four, five or six in number. A set of
six eggs taken May 20th, ’92, measure
.98x.72, .99x.72, 1.00x.72, .94x.70, .91x.71,
SOA ers.

12. Rough-winged Swallow. Stelgid-
opteryx serripennis. Common summer
resident. Nests in holes in banks along
Albemarle Sound. <A nest taken May
19th, 92, was of grass and drv green
leaves placed in a hole two feet deep in
a bank. This contained seven fresh
eggs which measure .77x.53, .78x.51,
WOU 52, 72%.02, 74x08, 74x52) 72.02%

18. Red-eyed Vireo. Vireo olivaceous.
A common summer resident. A nest
was taken June 4th, 92, which contain-
ed three eggs. This nest was made of
bark, rotten wood, moss and _ spider
webs, lined with grapevine bark, sus-
pended 7 feet up, below forks, at end of
a dogwood limb. Sizes of eggs .80x.57,
.19X.56, .79xX.56.

14. White-eyed Vireo. Vireo novebor-
acensis. A common summer resident.
A nest with three eggs was taken June
Pet Spl

180

15. Pine Warbler. Dendroica vigorsit.
A common summer resident, nesting
in pine trees, usually at elevations of
fifty feet or more from ground. A nest
and four eggs were taken April 29th, ’91.
This nest was made of weed stems, pine
straw, chicken feathers, spider webs
and other fibres, lined with hair and
feathers, and placed 50 feet up on a hor-
izontal pine limb, 5 feet from body of
tree. Sizes ofeggs .71x.54, .73x.54, .73
x.53, .72x.53.

16. Prairie Warbler. Dendroica dis-
color. Common summer resident. I
found a pair building April 30th, ’92.
The nest was completed by May 3d, and
the first egg laid the 7th. The set of
four was completed and taken May 10th.
This nest was made of grass, reed leaves
and bits of spider webs, and lined with
hair and feathers, placed 24 feet up in
forks of small maple bush. The eggs
measure .70x.48, .67x.49, .67x.48, .66x
51. .

17. Oven-bird. Seiurus awrocapillus.
Common summer resident. A nest
was found May 19th, ’92, which con-
tained four fresh eggs. The nest was
of skeleton leaves, pine straw and fine
grass, lined with hair and fine leaves
and was placed in shallow hole in the
ground ona hill near a swamp. The
eggs measure .70x.63, .74x.63, .73x.61,
-74x.61.

18. Louisiana Water-Thrush. Setur-
ws motacilla. A common summer resi-
dent along the small branches and
swamps. A nest was taken April 22,
92, which contained four eggs. The
nest was of leaves which were taken
from the mud, and coarse grass, lined
with finer grass, moss anda few very
fine black roots, and imbedded in side
of a mossy bank, 1 foot above small
stream of water. Sizesof eggs, .78x.58,
.77x.58, .78x.60, 77x.59.

19. Hooded Warbler. Sylvania mitra-
ta. A very common summer resident,
arriving the first of April, our most
common warbler. During the month

THE OOLOGIST.

of May and the first part of June, 91, I
took ten nests with eggs of this species
and have seen four nests this spring,
Of the fourteen nests, eight contained
three eggs each and the others four. The
nests are placed in low bushes from 14
to 4 feet up, and are made of partly de-
cayed leaves, strips of bark, etc., lined
inside usually with a fine black moss,
A set of four eggs taken May 18th, 91,
show the following sizes: .72x.49, .71x.49
.70x.49, .70x.49. Another set taken
May 11th, measure .67x.53, .70x.53, .66x
.58 .66x63. Athird set of 3eggs taken May
16, ’92,measure .67x.52, .70x.53, .71x.53.

20. Mockingbird. Mimus polygloittos,
A tolerably common resident. Nests
placed in grapevines and orchard-trees,
and made of sticks, cotton, weeds, ete.,
lined with fine weed stems. A set of
four eggs taken May 28th, ’92, measure
.97x.73, 1.02x.76, .98x.74, .98x.74.

21. Catbird. Galeoscoptes carolinensis,
Common resident. Nest in briars and
bushes. A set of four eggs taken May
21, 92, measure .90x.67, .90x.67, .89x.66,
.91x.67.

22. Carolina Wren. Thryothorus lu-
dovicianus. A very common resident,
A nest taken May 5th, ’91, was of leaves
moss, bark, etc., lined with hair, and
placed in bow of small boat, lying on
shore of Albemarle Sound. This nest
contained five eggs, which measure .76x
.09, .79x.60, .77x.59, .77x.59, .76x.59.

23. Brown-headed Nuthatch. Svtta
pusilla. A common resident. Nests of
strips of bark, pine seed, leaves, wool,
ete., placed in holes, picked by the birds
in dead stumps, usuallypines, from 2 to
25 feet, or more, up. Eggs five, some-
times six. A set of five eggs taken Ap-
ril 29th, 91, measure .60x.46, .58x.46,
.60x.45, .57x.46, 57x.46.

24. Carolina Chickadee. Parus caro-
linensts. Common resident. A nest
taken May 4th, ’92, was made of moss
and fine shreds of bark, lined with a
eottony fibre, placed 8 feet up, in a hole
picked in the top of a dead ash stub,

_—

THE OOLOGIST. 181

standing over water. The eggs, five in
“number measure, .58x.47, .57x.48, .57x
47, .56x.48, .57x.48.

25. Wood Thrush. Turdus mustelinus.
A common summer resident. A nest
taken June 6th, ’91, was made of leaves,
straw anda layer of mud, lined with
fine roots and placed in a beech-tree 10
feet up. The eggs, three in number,
measure .92x.71, .94x.71, 96x.72.

26. Bluebird. Sialia sialis. Common
resident. Nests in bird boxes, holes in
trees, tin cans, etc. A set of six eggs
taken April 24th, 91, measure .86x.66,
85x .65, .84x.64, .86x.65, .85x.64, .84x.64.

TuHos. A. SMITHWICK,

Walke, Bertie Co., N. C.

<< oe

California Bush-Tit.
Psaltriparus minimus californicus.

Description.—Tail long, feathers graduated.
-Above of a dark olivaceous -cinerous; top and
Sides of head dusky brown; whitish brown
‘darker on sides. Sexes alike. Length 4 in.;
‘tail, 2.25; wing, 1.90
Hab.—California.

The Bush-Tits are among the small.
est of North American birds. ‘The
species found in California is somewhat
smaller in size and lighter in color than
that from Oregon and Washington. The
territory of both species over-lap in
northern California.

The California Bush-Tits are noisy,
fearless, industrious birds: wandering
in loose flocks they glean their humble
fare from tree and bush uttering al_ the
while their cheerful tweet, tweet, tweet,
¢4wee,and are s0 intent upon their occupa-
tion that all danger is disregarded. If
perchance an intruder ventures in their
midst they cease for a moment their oc-
cupation and gaze upon the stranger
with evident curiosity but when they
perceive that no harm is intended they
continue their work as noisily and in-
dustriously as before.

Although they often wander into
orchards bordering the cities yet they
are strictly rural residents and love the

quiet wooded canons and hill-sides of
the retired, uninhabited districts of this
genial clime and here we meet with
them in our country strolls. They usu-
ally move in small flocks but in spring
domestic duties necessitate the break-
ing up of these. happy little groups in
order that the little creatures may be-
gin the construction of their pretty ar-
boreal homes, and subsequently, rear
their little broods.

The home of the Bush-Tit is a model
of bird architecture, it is securely hid-
den in the dense, drooping foliage of a
tree, purse-shaped with an entrance on
the side near the top. Its average
measurements are as follows: length 8
or 9 inches; width, 4 or 5 inches. The
materials used are wool, lichens, plant-
down, twigs and feathers.

The breeding season begins about the
middle of March and extends through
April and May. The eggs number from
five to nine, are pure white in color
and measuse about one-half inch in
length.

H. C. LIiLyiz,
Santa Barbara. Cal.

Nighthawks in Binghamton, N. Y.

It isa fact worthy of note that the
Nighthawks that frequent our city
each summer are very unequally dis-
tributed. In the suburbs and open
country adjacent, where one would ex-
pect to find them, they are compara-
tively few in numbers, but about the
business portion of the city they are
searcely less noticable than the English
Sparrow.

With this change in habitat they have
apparently changed their habits and
are less Nighthawks than ever. Every
morning, and all day long on cloudy
days, they are abroad, and even at
high noon on sunny days the light
seems to be no disadvantage to them if
they choose to move about. True ta
Nighthawk traditions, however, the

182

birds have a preference for the twilight
or evening.

When not flying about they usually may
be found sleeping on some chimney-top
or unfrequented roof. In such places
the careful observer may see much of
Nighthawk nature that does not come
to the surface elsewhere. During their
waking moments they sedately parade
up and down their retreats and show
capabilities for doing nothing that a
tramp might envy.

Since they pass so much time upon
the roofs, I concluded that they nest in
such situations, but had no chance to
verify this until this year. On June
10th, through the kindness of Mr. N,
E. Severson, I was able to secure a set
of two eggs from the flat roof of a
building in the heart of the city.

The roof was of gravel and so mnch
did the eggs resemble it, that it requir-
ed a search of ten minutes by four per-
sons to find them. There was no sign
ofa nest—scarcely a hollow. The eggs
do not differ from those found in the
fields. Upon blowing they were found
to be nearly fresh. The birds were not
at home when we called but were seen
circling near the building several times
during our stay.

WILLARD N. CLUTE.

Omaha Crows Again.

In reply to “Coleopterist’’ (in. May
OoLoaist) I will sav:

Ist. That Government reports are
not always correct in every particular
as has been proven before now. Au-
manum est errare.

2d. Ihave examined the stomachs of
a number of Crows, and find as I said
in the March O6Loatst, that they con-
tained mostly offal and animal matter.
and especially has that been the case
with young birds.

“Coleopterist says that ‘‘the Crow is
valuable occasionally asa scavenger.”
I say and can prove that they are good

THE OOLOGIST.

scavengers at all times, and if he will
pay the expenses I will send him un-
opened stomachs in alcohol so that he

‘can make personal examinations of -

them. i

However as I said in my previous ar:
ticle on this subject, the Crow of this
vicinity seems to have some different,
habits from the Crow of parts of Ohio,
Indiana and Pennsylvania and very
likely their qualities as scavangers dif-
fer also.

I do not mean to say that the Crow
does not do any damage, but only that
“He is not as black as he is painted.”

Faithfully Yours
IsADOR S. TROSTLER,
Omaha, Neb.

An ‘‘Owly”’ Find.

A few days ago, afriend of mine, Geo,
H. Jenkins, and myself, went after Bur-
rowing Owls’ eggs. We found two
holes. One contained 11 eggs, and a
young Owl besides the old pair. Most
of the eggs were highly incubated. The
other hole seemed to be endless, but
just as we were about to giveit up, we
saw the old female. One more stroke
with the spade and I could reach
them. I reached them !
ful of owls instead of eggs, as I had ex«
pected. I puiled them out and reached
in again. More Owls. Again. The same
I pulled out Owls,

more OwLs.

thing. Owls and
Fourteen young Owls, and two old
Owls came out of that hole. The young
ranged from about two days old up ta
alinost full-grown owls, and presented
a comical sight, sitting in the grass.
There can be no doubt but that they
were all of one family, as there were no

other Owls within t vo miles of there.

MERLIN C. JOHNSON,
Aberdeen, So. Dak,

I gota hand-.

Ns Se te A oe aks ee On ae

PO SS ers ee

‘
i

THE OOLOGIST. 183

THE O@LocIsT.

A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY.
FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.
Editor and Publisher.

Correspondence and items of interest to the
student ot Bir ds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited
from all,

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.
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when presented with an order of $1.25 or over.
Send stamp for Premium List for obtaining new
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Subscriptions must begin with either January
or Juiy issues. Back numbers of the OoLoGist
can be furnished at reasonable rates. Send
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("Remember that the publisher must be no-
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@NTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N, Y., AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER,
cr

MAY CONTEST.
Sixty-nine Judges.

Prize winners and credits received by
each article were as follows:

HeebieaVWoodpeckersuys sac... coc. 298
2. Phainopepla, or Black-crested

ily Cac Meret es ckaces 284
8. Some of Our Louisiana Birds...148
4. “Among the Blue-grays’’....... 136
6. Lhe Wood Ibis...........--. 76

Ten other articles received from 1 to
29 credits each.

Twenty-eight of the judges named the
prize winning articles and five named
their exact or “der, to these five the judges
prizes were awarded.

The fortunate jurists were as follows:

1. No. 19—Albert Garrett, Lawrence,
Kansas.

2. No. 87—F.E. Atwood, Chelsea, Vt.

3. No. 52—W. H. LaPrade, Jr., New
Orleans, La.

4. No. 59—John A. Collins, Jr., Fall
River, Mass.

5. No. 68—A. R. Hutchinson, Gaines,
INANE

All prizes were mailed on June 22d.

> >

Sitta Canadensis in Montana.

On June 3rd of this year it was my
good fortune to find a partially ineubat-
ed set of six eggs of the Red-breasted
Nuthatch, (Sitéa canadensis,) near Hel-
ena, Montana.

The nest was ina cavity, excavated
ina decayed pine stump, some three
feet from the ground. Below the en-
trance. which was perfectly round, and
just large enough to admit the bird, the
stump was smeard, for several inches
down, with pine pitch, which I found to
be still somewhat soft and sticky. I
understand that this is a trait peculiar
to this bird, but what their object can
be Iam at a loss tounderstand. Can it
be that this pitch, by becoming soft from
the heat of the sun, serves to prevent
small insects such as ants, woodticks
and other vermin, from invading the
nest? Such insects, in endeavoring to
walk on the pitch, would invariably
stick fast and they could then be de-
voured by the birds at their leisure.
However, this is only a conjecture, and
I would be glad to receive some inform~
ation upon the subject.

I had hard work to induce the female
to leave the nest and only sueceeded by
enticing her out with the end of my
pocket-handkerchief. She made a dash
at it, and, upon my pulling it away
quickly, she followed it clear outside.
Once out, I made it a point not to allow
her to return. On the bottom of the

184

cavity, which was some five inches in
depth, the birds had placed a large
quantity of loose wood fibres for a nest.

There was such a large quantity of
them that at first I thought the excava-
tion was only two or three inches deep.

This mass of fibres, with an occasion-
al feather, formed a soft flutfy cushion
and the eggs, which were a very light
cream,spotted with reddish brown, were
partially covered by the ends of the fibres
which overlapped them. As the bird
was entirely new to me, I was forced to
shoot one, whichproved to be the male,
to make identification certain.

Thad no trouble in tracing him by
““Coues” and I now have the satisfaction
of possessing, probably, the first set of
eggs of this bird ever taken in Montana.

O. KE. CROOKER,
Helena, Montana.

A Few Notes on the Red-tailed Hawk.

The Red-tailed Hawk, Buteo borealis
is aresident wherever found. In this
locality it is the commonest of our large
hawks. The bird begins laying the last
of February. Last year the first set
was taken here on the twenty-eighth of
February. This year we began look-
ing for them much before that date, but
although many nests were examined,
no eggs were taken until the thirteenth
of March, when out of eighteen nests,
old and new, one was found to contain
an elegant set of two slightly incubated
eggs.

Col. Goss, in his admirable “Birds of |

Kansas,”’ says that the number of eggs
laid by this bird is ‘‘three or four.” I[
have never heard of a set of four eggs
being taken here, and only occasionally
of three eggs being taken; and I think
that nine times out of ten, two will be
found to be the usual complement. At
least this has been my experience. This
year, [ have found x set of one egg, but
I think this was due to a wind-storm,
which had blown out a previous nest of

THE OOLOGIST.

the Hawks. For it was probably the
same pair which we had seen two
weeks before, building a nest in a giant
sycamore ahalf mile down the creek;
and upon returning, fully expecting to
find an elegant set of eggs, we found
a few sticks on the ground to tell the
story of our shattered hopes. But what
odlogist has not suffered similar disap-
pointments? Why relate experiences
which we all have had? Bnt_to return
—the Hawks had probably repaired. to
the nearest nest and finished their set.

I have found the nest at various
heights, as for instance—39 ft., 52 ft ,554
ft., 65. ft., 66 ft., 764 ft. and 86ft. These
are all actually measured distances.—
The first case was in a densely wooded
district, and no high trees were accessi-
ble; but the others were in districts
where trees a hundred feet high could
easily have been found. From these
figures it will be seen that the Hawk
prefers: a nosting site from fifty to
seventy feet from the ground.

One incident has led me to believe
that the placing of “dummy” eggs in
the nest, after taking out an incomplete
set, is useless. Last year, a Red-tail’s
nest was found, containiug one fresh
egg. This egg was taken, but we had
no “dummy”’ to leave and we supposed
of course that because of that, the Hawk
would leave the nest; but two weeks
later, two more eggs were taken from
the nest.

One peculiar thing was noticed in
this year’s collecting. Much has been
written about the persistency with
which the Red-tailed Hawk occupies
the same nest year after year; but our

experience this year has been that in ~

the first place, to our knowledge, not
one nest from which sets were taken
last year, was occupied this year; - and
in fact, one or two nests which were
unmolested last year, were unoccupied,
Quite a number of old nests were
blown out of the trees during a two
days’ wind-storm; but it was long past

THE OOLOGIST. 185

time for these nests to have owners.
From these various experiences, I am
inclined to believe that the Red-tailed
Hawk does not occupy the same nest so
much as is commonly believed. I
would like to hear from others on the
point, whether the Red-tailed Hawk
occupies the same nest after it has been
disturbed the previous year. I will
have a wide’ field to work next year,
and hope to be able to decide more
about this point.
ALBERT GARRETT,
- Lawrence, Kansas.

The Hummingbird in 8. C.

The Ruby-throated is the only mem-
ber of the Hummingbird family that we
have in South Carolina that I know of.
I have heard persons say that they have
seen Hummingbirds that did not belong
to the Ruby-throated variety, but it is
very likely that-they were mistaken.

It is a common sight in the city to see
Hummingbirds darting around among
the flowers in the yard; or while sitting
in the piazza, to see one within a few
feet of you poised on musical wing be-
fore some potted plant.

Although we see them much ofteuer
in the city than elsewhere, they only
visit the city on excursions of pleasure,
as they have their real home and breed
in the woods.

I have been very lucky in finding
Hummingbird nests, having found ten
in the last four years, while I do not
know of another collector in this vicin-
ity who has found more than two in
that time.

My first nest was found in 1889. and
I found it by watching the birds fly
from a large poplar tree where they
were feeding and then following in the
direction they flew. A friend was with
me and we saw the bird as_ she
flew to her nest in a good-sized pine
tree, about 40 feet up. This nest was
built in a curious position. A small

along its side to the twig.

twig grew straight down and about
half way had two cones growing to-
gether one on each side of the twig as
is often seen. The birds built on top
of one cone, the nest being fastened
I tried very
hard to get this nest and set but it was
far out on a small limb, so I only suc-
ceeded in getting the nest, breaking the
eggs and nearly breaking my neck.

In 1890 I found two nests. While
walking along through the woods I
heard a Hummingbird, so I kept per-.
fectly stillgand presently saw her fly to
a sweet-gifm tree and light on her nest,
which was just begun. When the time
came for getting the nest, it had disap-
peared, and I found out afterwards
that a party of negroes found it and
tried to get it, but broke the eggs in the
attempt.

I found the second nest, of that year
in very much the same way, bit it was
in a small slender gum and contained
one egg when I found it. On account
of the tree being so slender, I could not
climb it without its bending so far over
as to spill out the eggs, so I propped it
up with a forked sapling and then
climbed it. Altogether I had a-good
deal of trouble getting it, as it was so
far out on the limb that I had to cut
the limb off and while I was cutting, I
had to keep from shaking out the eggs
and also hold up my whole weight by
wrapping my legs around the tree,
which being small made it very tiring.
But I got my first set of eggs out of it
which repaid all my trouble.

Last year I found four nests. The
first was in a pine tree which was very
hard to climb, but I finally got up and
tried to get the nest but failed as it was
too far out. The next was in a pine too,
about 30 feet up, but she left it after ske
had laid one egg. The third was in a
small oak tree on a limb about six feet
from the ground and directly over a
path that was not used much. I got a
nice set of two from this nest. The fourth

186

- was way out on a limb ofa large long-
leaf or yellow pine, and as I had very
little time, I didn’t try to get it.

I have found three nests this year,
which I think is doing pretty well, con-
sidering the limited time I have for
hunting. On May 11, while walking
through a small group of pines, I heard
a Huminingbird and after finding her,

-I soon found the nest, as she went back
to it after a few preliminary darts here
andthere. Butit was about fifty feet high
an. very far out on a limb, so I didn’t
think there was much use trying to get
it. The next evening, May 12th, I start-
ed out rather late and went ina ditffer-
ent direction, and while walking along,
heard a ‘‘Hummer” and saw her dart
past me and fly out of sight among the
trees. I thought that looked suspicious
so I stopped and waited. She soon
eame back and lit on a pine near by but
was very restless so I began to look
around for the nest. luatfew minutes
Isaw it on a swinging hickory limb
about eight feet from the ground. ‘The
limb was a little troublesome to pull
down, but it wasn’t long before I had
it cut off and the eggs packed safely in
my box. I then continued my walk.

About 200 yards further on, I was go-
ing along among some hickory trees
when I heard another ‘“‘Hummer” and
saw her fly out and light in a pine tree.
From past experience I was quite cer-
tain that I had flushed her from her
nest and that she would go right back
to it , but seeing a Wood Pewee acting
suspiciously I left the Hummingbird
and watched the Pewee. After watch-
ing her about fifteen minutes I found
her nest in a pine tree and then went
back to watch the Hummingbird but I
could not find her. Ordinarially, I
wouldn't have taken my eyes off that
bird for a second until she went to her
nest or flew away, but this time I felt
strangely, but perfectly, confident that
I would find the nest, so I didn’t mind

leaving her. I knew about the place

THE OOLOGIST.

she flew from at first so I retraced my
former route but didn’t see or hear any-
ihing of the bird. I then went over it
again hitting the limbs with my stiek
and this time was rewarded by hearing
her fly from among the trees. As |
didn’t see exactly where she flew from
I didn’t stop to look but followed the
bird until she litin a pine tree about

forty feet distant and began to plume.

herself. After watching her about ten
minutes she flew around among the
trees a little while and then settled on
her nest.
cult to get than the other one as it was
about twenty feet high and near the
end of a limb six feet long, but it was a
hickory tree so I succeeded in bending
it around and getting both eggs and nest
safe. |

_ From the numbers we see about the
flowers and gardens in the spring and
summer, I judge they must breed quite
numerously in this part of the state,
but they are of such small dimensions
and fly so swiftly that it is very hard to
find their tiny nests, which are made of
cotton, thistle-down, fern-down, wil-
low-down and other vegetable ‘“‘downs”

covered on the outside with fine lichens —

daintily stuck on with spider-web and
caterpillar-silk.

From my observations they seem to
preter the pine as a building site as, of
my ten nests, five have been in pine
trees, two in gums, two in hickories
and one inan oak. Six of them were
in high ground and four in low ground,
Eight of them were in clear woods, free
of underbrush,
heard
them utter is a peculiar little ‘‘cackle”

The only note I have ever
as itis called, used principally when
they chase each other through the air
with such swiftness that the eye can
scareely keep pace with them.
A. R. HEYWARD, JR.,
Columbia, 8S. C,

It proved much more diffi.

THE OOLOGIST. 187

WORLD’S FAIR NOTES. .

A solid gold brick, weighing 500
pounds and worth $150,000, will be ex-
hibited in the Mines and Mining build-
ing at the World’s Fair by a Helena,
Mon., mine owner.

The high school of San Diego, Cal.,
gave a erand Fourth of July celebration
and will devote the proceeds toward
making a complete collection of San
Diego fish for exhibition at the World’s
Fair. The specimens will be preserved
in aleohol and properly labeled, ete.

The ethnological exhibit at the
World’s Fair will include many curios
from the Charlotte Islands.

A schooner is now being fitted out at
Halifax to go to the arctic regions to
get ten or twelve Esquimo families, fif-
ty or sixty persohs in all, for exhibition
at the World’s Fair. Dogs, fishing im-
plements, utensils; and everything
necessary to show Esquimo life, will
also be procured.

May OdLoGiIsT announced that os-
trich eggs, artistically painted in a prize
competition, were to be a feature in the
exhibit from Cape Colony, South Africa.
This competition has been held. Nine-
teen contestants, mostly young women,
participated, and furnished designs
which the Cape press praises highly, as
being very artistic and beautiful. Each
contestant snbmitted half a dozen beau-
tifully decorated eggs, all of which will
be exhibited at the World’s Fair. The
subjects of the paintings include flowers,
birds, animals, landscapes, publie build-
ings, etc. The gem of the whole collec-
tion, painted by Miss Van Reenan, win-
ner of the first prize of £7 10s, is report-
ed to be a fairy figure standing on a
vine leaf drawn by a butterfly, with un-
derneath the words ‘‘To Chicago.”

Will You Join Us?

But a few tickets left to complete the
club to attend the World’s Fair on the
United World’s Excursion Co. plan.
Payments monthly or weekly; this is
the strongest company in America, ap-
ply to Local Agent or write United
World’s Fair Excursion Co., N.*E.
Dep’t, 406 Exchange B’ld’g, Boston,

Mass.

Prizes for Best Articles.

We have decided to give our patrons,
each month, five prizes. These prizes
are to be awarded to the five best arti-
cles appearing in the O6LOGIsT in which
the offers are made.

For the five articles in this (July) O6x-
OGIsT which are the most instructive,
valuable and interesting we shall give
as follows:

1st prize—A Partof Maynard’s Birds
of Eastern North America, bound in
boards and leather.

2nd prize—Davie’s Key to the Nests
and Eggs of N. A. Birds in cloth.

3d prize—Same as 2d prize, in paper.

4th prize—Vol. 1 (84-85) Youne O6tL-
OGiIsT, bound in cloth.

5th prize—Vol. III and IV (’86-’87)
THE O6LOGIsT, bound in cloth.

For the August competition we will
give a similiar set of prizes.

The articles entering into competition
must contain at least one hundred
words and we prefer that they do not
exceed seven hundred words, unless
they fairly teem with very, very inter-
esting facts or happenings—Remember
that ‘‘tancies,” ‘‘rehashes,” ‘‘Sparrow
stories” and articles of similiar nature
are not solicited and will rarely be
found ‘‘available.”

THE JUDGES: Yow have been sel-
ected to act as one of the Judges in
these Prize article contests, and your
decision must be promptly and fairly
given.

Your decision for this month’s com-
petition must be mailed us not later
than August 10th: Write on back of a
postal card the articles which you have
decided to be the most valuable, instruc-
tive and interesting in this number of
OGLOGIST and mail to us Number the
articles in the order which you think
the prizes should be awarded.

We also give our Judges five prizes,
one to each of the five whose decisions
are nearest the final award of prizes and
in this months competition the Judge
whose list of five articles is the nearest
the awarded list, we will give a copy of
Davie’s Key to the Nest and Eggs of N.
A. Birds; paper. 2d and’ 3d each a
Book relating to Natural History, ele-
gantly bound in cloth and gilt. 4th
and 5th each a set of Noddy. In ease
of a tie, the earlist mailed list takes the
prize. Address

FRANK H. LATTIIN,
Albion, N. Y.

THE OOLOGIST.

JUST @uTs

The Standard Catalogue

orth American Birds

—COMPILED BY—

FRANK H. LATTIN,

— ASSISTED BY—

188

,

Capt. Chas. E. Bendire, J. Parker Norris, Esq., and
Capt. B. F. Goss.

It gives the Common and Scientific name of every North American
Bird according to the A. O. U. Nomenclature. It also givesthe A. O,

U. Numbers as well as those of both Coues’ and Ridgeway, and last but

not least it gives the value of eggs of nearly every species, over one hun-
dred of which never appeared on any printed list before.

It is not a personal catalogue of any one Dealer or Collector, as there.

is not a Collector in the entire World who has or could furnish all the
species whose values are given, and there is not a Dealer who could fur~
nish over, from 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced.

The Catalogue is printed on extra quality of Pa and contains 538
pages, size 31x54 in.

a

Price 35 cents per copy. 3 copies for $1.00.

TESTIMONIALS.

“Tt is very neat and will prove a great con-
venience to collectors as a Standard of value.” —
J. PARKER NORRIS.

“In nearly all cases the prices given are about
ue they should be.” CAPT. CHAS. E. BEN-

“T consider it the best standard of American
eggs ever issued.”.—FRANK HARRIS, La Cres-
ent, Minn.

“It is very neat indeed and ought to be in the
hands of every collector.”— DICKINSON AND
DURKEE, Sharon. Wis.

“I deem it truly the standard.” H.C. LILLIE,

“Am immensely pleased with it, the prices
are equitably compiled,”—‘J. M. W.”) C. L.
RAWSON), Norwich, Conn.

“1t’s a little dandy, best I ever saw, have
looked it all over very careiully and think you
have the prices well regulated.” -K. B. MATHES,
Chicago,

Ann Arbor, Mich.

“I am more than pleased with it.,—FRANK B,
EASTMAN, Easton, Md.

“Tt is just the thing.”—E. B. SCHARGE, Pon:
tiac, Mich.

FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y,

a pee

_ field, Ohio.

Monthly.

WO LX .2

KOGIE

sa eA AS aT Cn) AST ale IO GO yh NNO Sena ERI

ALBION, N. Y., AUG., 1892.

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NO. 8

NEW RATES. NEW RULES. NEW REGULATIONS.

Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.

Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department

for 50¢ per 35 words.
word. WNonotice inserted for less than 50c.

Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional
Terms, cash with order.

Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates.
«“NBALERS” Gan use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, oni,
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted for “Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only

and according to conditions stated thereon.

ALL future transactionsin Birds Eggs should

. be and with ‘‘Lattin” ust be based on the pric-

es given in the ‘‘New Standard Catalogue.”

WANTED.—Some one to purchase a _ collec-
tion of first-class bird eggs which I will sell at
a bargain. Address J.P. STEVENS, JR., 200
Amite St., Jackson, Mississippi.

TO EXCHANGE.—I have some first-class
Singles, including sea birds eggs, to exchange
for sets with data. Send for list. L. W.
BROKAW, Pacific Grove, California.

FIRST-CLASS EGGS in sets with data and
singles to exchange for singies and Davie’s Key
in paper. Correspondence desired. W. E.
ROBBINS, North Cahocton, New York.

TO EXCHANGE.—Southern California eges
in first-class original sets and singles for‘ first-
class Eastern sets. H. D. WATTS, Compton,
Los Angeles Go., Cal.

TO EXCHANGE.—Egegs in sets with data
for same or for Postage Stamps. BERYL
HODGE, Sterling, Kans.

WHAT am I offered for fine sets of Whip-
poor-will and Night-hawk eggs, with complete
data? Allletters answered. JOS. S. WALK-
ER, Evelyn, Glynn Co. Ga.

j)WANTED.—B or C Kodak Camera, will give
in exchange ist. ‘class eggsyin sets. J. P.
FEAGLER, Waterloo, Ind.

I WILL exchange specimens of any kind for

back numbers of natural history papers. ROY
HATHWAY, New Castle, Ind.
TO EXCHANGE.—For Davie’s Key, new,

cloth bound, 1 set of Night-hawk 2 eggs, 1 of
Tufted Tit 4eggs,and 1 Albino Bluebird egg,
all first-class with duta. C. F. DUNN, Scroggs-

FINE first-class sets with full data of Great
Horned Owl. Red tailed Hawk and others, to
exchange for sets of other localities or for ‘™n-
dian relics. Send lists. CHAS. R. KEYES,
Mt. Vernon, lowa.

ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs should
be and with ‘“‘Lattin’’ must be based on the pric-
es given in the New ‘“‘Standard Catalogue.”

WANTED. A good detective camera. Will
give in exchange finely mounted birds. Wm.
BROWN, Hebron, McHenry Co. Ill.

I HAVE a number of rare stamps and single
eggs to exchange for sets with data. 151
SINTON, 226 Spears Wharf, Balto., Md.

TO EXCHANGE.—A pair of tame Horned
Owls full grown young birds, for best offer of
sets or single eggs notin my Collection. HE. B.
SCHRAGH, Pontiac, Mich.

FOR SALE.—A new pair of Lattin’s Climb-
ing Irons, strapped ready for use, for only $1.74.
Address CARL C. AMBROSHE, 4% Clark St.
Evanston, Ml.

TO EXCHANGE.—First-class Eggs in Sets
and Singles with complete and original datas to
exchange forsame. W. A. OLDEIELD, Port
Sanilac, Mich.

IN EXCHANGE for Birds’ Eggs. I prepare
badly incubated eggs and return them in first-
elass condition. Pack eggs carefully. R, LEY,
Cobourg, Ont., Canada.

COLLECTING GUN WANTED.—Send full
description, original price, your present price,
ete. All letters answered. GEO. H. GRAY,
1326 N. Mount St., Balto., Md.

WILL exchange eggs with Northern ama-
tuers, sets prefered. One egg of Mongolian
Pheasant to exchange for good set of eggs.
EDAD OSBORNE, 81 Fulton St. Auburn,

I HAVE a good supply of European Coleop-
tera on hand, mounted and unmounted, all cor-
rectly named. which I will exchange for domes-
tic Spec. of Coleopt.. Spec. from theSSouth and
Northwest particularly desired, no matter
Whether named or not. Prefer them unmount-
et possible. Address P. J. WHITH. Elkhart,

nd.

190 THE OOLOGIST.

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued.

ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs should
be and with ‘‘Lattin’’ must be based on the pric-
es given in the New “‘Standard Catalague.”

WANTED.—Offers in Birds’ Eggs for ‘*War-
ranted fine silver,” hunting case watch. Send
$1in eggs and see it yourself. R. LEY, Co-
bourg, Ont., Canada.

WANTED.—First-class telescope, $8 or more.
Offered, arrowpoints, single eggs, trees, shrubs,
flowers and insects from this locality. Write,
C. HE. PLEAS, Clinton, Ark.

A collection of named, mounted. Beetles, 85
pairs, 50 kinds,including 5 pairs Dynastes tityus
worth $10 or more, to exchange for best offer of
first-class eggs, Sets With data. Address
THOMAS ALLEN SMITHWICK, Walke, Ber-
tie Co., North Carolina.

WANTED.—First-class birds’ skins in ex-
change for full sets, with data, of N. A. Birds’
eggs. Only Ist class specimens given and taken.
All mail“answered. D. FRANK KELLER,
Naturalist, Reading, Pa.,

RECEIPT for petryfying wood, ete. 30c., re-
Cceipt for embalming birds, 30c., beth 50c., in
eggs. WILL SPEED, 308 Monmouth; St.,
Galesburg, Ill.

100 HANDSOME DATA BLANKS, printed
in red or black, with cut of nest and eggs in
corner, and your name and address under
‘“‘Oological Collection of,” for every full set of
eggs sent me worth 75c. or over. EF. W. Mc-
CORMACK, Leighton, Ala.

I HAVE an International Stamp album and
287 stamps, full value $8.50. will exchange for
$5 Worth of minerals or Indian Relics. A Ten-
nis Raquet worth $2,50 for $1.50 Minerals or Rel-
ics. L. W. DELANO, Austin. Ills.

THESE SKINS, Kentucky Warbler, Or-
ehard Oriole (7), Spotted Sandpiper ist class
cand Whip-poor-will fair, for 1st class Turnstone,
Black Skimmer, or Logeoeck. J. C. GALLO-
WAY, Montgomery, Ohio.

FOR EXCHANGE.—A. O. U. 337 1-3, and
474 1-3 also a few singles, for any of the follow-
ing. 325 1-2. 417 1-1, 420 1-1, 221 1-5, 1 1-3, 2 1-38, 12
1-3, 77 1-4, 105 1-2, 373 1-3, 552 1-4, 559a 1-3, 687 1-3,
721b 1-5, 7251-8. J. E. HOUSEMAN, Aylmer,

- Ont., Canada.

EXCHANGE.—First-class sets with data of
this and other localities to exchange for same.
Also a lot of showy singles to exchange for sets.
Send lists. JESSE W. MILLER, 1104 Dallas
Ave., Houston Texas.

I WILL give the “‘“Great Divide’s”” Gem-stone
cabinet of 20 Gemstones for Original set of
Cooper’s Hawk Eggs, with Data. JAMES
ODELL, Jr.. Austin. Tex.

FOR SALE—Young Bald Hagle. in good
health. Will sell for CASH. CLARENCE
MILLER, Frankfort, Ind.

TO EXCHANGE —Sets with data for the same
common, Southern or Western eggs preferred.
A. H. WALLACE, 235 Claremont Ave., Mont-
clair, N. J.

TO EXCHANGE-—A. O. U. first class sets
with full data 445 14 4,477a 14 x 1-5, 508 % \,
622 &%. 702 & 1-5. 705 &. 718 & 1-5. 729 4 1.5 for
others. CHAS. WISE. York Station, Alabama.

ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs
should be and with “Lattin” must be based on
the prices given in the New ‘‘Standard Cata.
ogue.’ ;

WANTED to Exchange—a fine collection of
Birds Eggs for a Bicyle, Eagle ordinary or Vic-
tor Safety preferred. Send stamp for particu-
lars. FRED JONES, P. O. Box, No, 54, Mar-
tin’s Ferry, O. 3

WANTED, a Winchester or Marlin repeating
rifle, 32 calibre, or larger. Smith & Wesson re-
volver. Will give good exchange in Birds eggs,
Books. 20 Guage Collecting gun, and outfit,
Brass Telescope, Watch, 22 calibre Pistol,

C. BYRON VANDERCOOK, Odin, Ills.

TO EXCHANGE-—TI have 150 Birds Eggs, 100
different kinds. Exchange for Watch or single
breech-loading Shot Gnn, 12 guage. with all im-
Provenents: J. H. GRAHAM, West Buxton,

aine.

FOR SALE—35 sets with data, 175 eggs,
books, instruments, papers, and supplies, must
be sold immediately without regard to price.
Back numbers of ‘**Youth's Companion,” Indian
relics, etc. to exchange for any offers. B. H.
BLANTON, Frankfort, Ky.

WANTED—Cash offersfor an A 1 collection
of 66 varieties complete sets, listed at $17.00.
Also a lot of duplicate sets and singles, 150
trays, drills, and complete vols. of ‘“‘OOLOGIST””
and, ‘‘Ornithologist.and:Oologist,”’ climhers, ete.
H. M. HALL, 399 ist St., Riverside, Cal.

FIRST-CLASS eggs in sets with data, and
singles to exchange for singles and Davie’s Key
in paper. Correspondence desired. W. E.
ROBBINS, North Cahocton, N.Y.

TO EXCHANGE—First-class skins with full
data to exchange for same. Also Climbers, tel-
escopes. and books on Ornithology, for skins,
WM. T. SMITH, 1145 Broad Street, Phila.

AGENTS WANTED ON SALARY
or commission, to handle the new Patent Chem-
ical Ink Erasing Pencil. The quickest and
greatest selling novelty ever produced. Hrases
ink thoroughly in two seconds. No abrasion of

paper. Works like magic. 200 to 500 per cent
profit. One Agent’s sales amourted to $20 in
six days. Another $32 in two hours. Previous

experience not necessary. For terms and full
particulars, address, THE MONROE ERASER
Mf’g Co., La Crosse, Wis. xX 456. Jest

ALLIGATOR EGGS wanted in hundred or
thousand lots. Must be first-class, side blown.
Write stating quantity you can furnish. with
cash or exchange price. I would also likea few
hundred snake eges. FRANK H, LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

What $1 will bring when sent to
C. L. FREEMAN, Chadron, Neb.

1’ Photograph of ‘‘Wounded Knee” Battlfield.
1 a ‘* Burial of the Dead after Battle,
1 oH ‘* Beef Issue at Pine Ridge.
1 ‘* Chief Red Cloud or BloodyHand

Or for $2 I willsend the above Collection and
1 Photograph of Red Cloud’s House.
1 BD * Chief Sitting Bull.
1 sf ‘“ M™hree Hostile Chiefs.
1 Pair of genuine Sioux moccasins.

Catalogue of Indian Relics and Photographs
sent for 2 cent stamp. C. L. FREEMAN. JeAt

«Qo»
16.

is the publication number of
this OoLoeisT, and it was
mailed to subscribers on Aug,

a
°

at high tide.

THE OOLOGIST.

VOL. IX.

Collecting on Cobb’s Island, Va.

Extending along the Atlantic side of
the Eastern shore of Virginia is a series
of flat grassy islands, many of which
are so low as to be covered with water
Some are there however
which rear their backs high enough
above the waves to be safe from an
over-flow. Such a one as this is Cobb’s
Island, a large low sand spit which at
flood tide is only a few feet above
water. It is seven miles in length,
while in width it is scarcely over an
eighth of a mile, except at the south eud
where it widens out considerably and
gives ample room for the buildings of
a United States Life Saving Station, a
hotel and several residences owned by
parties who make them their summer
homes. The ocean breaks continuous-
ly for the entire length on the eastern
side of the island. Stretching along
the western shore for perhaps half its
length a salt marsh with its cackling
Rails and low hovering Gulls makes
the collector impatient to know what it
contains. After going about three-
fourths of the way up the island from
the hotel one comes to a. stretch of
bare sand the width of the island and a
mile or more in length. Scarcely a
blade of grass is to be found on this
blistering beach, yet this is a rookery
and the breeding place of nearly all the
birds on the island. Skimmers, Terns,
Plovers and Oystereatchers all find a
genial nest for their eggs in the warm
sand: In the tall grass along the west-
ern side of the island Willets find a safe
retreat for their nests.

While on an a collecting trip this last
summer I stopped for several days on
Cobb’s Island, arriving there on July
15th: There is no doubt but that this
Was at one time a great nesting place

ALBION, N. Y., AUG., 1892. 0.8

for sea birds. Prof. Ridgeway tells us
of finding, years ago, a colony of thous-
ands of Royal Terns breeding in close
proximity on this island. But the col-
ony was soon afterwards driven away
and they have never been known to
frequent the place since. During the
entire time of my stay upon the island
I did not see a single individual and
Captain Crumb of the United States
Life Saving Station whois an excellent
Ornithologist,—and to whom I am in-
debted for much{valuable information—
informs me that he considers it a rather
rare resident upon the island. Not so
with the Common and Forster’s Tern,
they are still to be met with in consid-
erable numbers. The former placing
its eggs in a slight hollow in the sand
along the beach above high-water mark;
the: latter building its nest of flags and
reeds in convenient places in tne marsh.
But alas, for the Least Tern! That
beautiful fairy of snowy whitenes!
Once it bred in vast numbers upon the
beaches of Cobb’s and adjacent islands.
Scores of them were sacrificed for
science, hundreds were killed for prac-
tice by the so-called sportsman during
his summer outing and thowsands were
pitilessly slain and sent to New York
to help gratify ‘‘Fashion’s” ery for bird
feathers. I was told by a gentleman
that not many years ago he took in one
day froma single rookery three hundred
birds. Think of it, and now it is one
of the rarest cirds on theisland. Upon
one occasion only did I see the S. an-
tillarum. It perceived me apparently
at the same time and with a startled
ery was off like a bullet upon the wings
of the wind. AsI watched it dwindle
into a mere speck out over the billows
I coveted it yet could not blame the
little fellow for fleeing from one of
those monsters who had so sorely per-

192 THE OOLOGIST. —

secuted its tribe. Upon the morning
of my second day’s stay on Cobb’s
Island I took my collecting basket and
after going about five miles up the
beach eame to where Black Skimmers
and Terns were nesting in large num-
bers. Of course these birds de not sit
on their eggs in the day time unless it
be cloudy weather but trust to the heat
of the sun to incubate them. Thus the
only way to find the eggs was by look-
ing close in the sand. Upon my near
approach a large number of Skimmers
which were sitting together on the
sand rose with a loud clamor and paus-
ing until within a few yards of my
head they divided and passed to right
and left. Turning they circled around
flying wildly in all directions. The up-
roursoon brought others and in five
minutes there were hundreds of Skim-
mers flying about in a confused throng,
while high over all Terns by the hun-
dred circled and whirled, at the same
time giving utterance to their nervous
and uneasy ery of wrath.

Of perhaps one hundred nests exam-
ined on this day three eggs were the
most found in any one nest and not
many were there which contained that
number. Infact during all my stay I
found it extremely difficult to obtain
complete sets, so closely do the fisher-
men keep them picked off. The same day
while returning I flushedseveral Willets
from the tall grass on one side of the
island and found the nests to contain
nice sets of eggs. Three sets of three
and two of four, were found, all of
which were fresh laid eggs with the ex-
ception fo one nest which contained
pipped eggs.

Wishing to visit some of the Laugh-
ing Gull’s nests in the marsh I procur-
ed a pair of hip-boots and after a few
hours tramping and wading secured
what few sets I wanted. The nests
were large and bulky affairs of rushes
and reeds built up on a large bunch of
rushes.or drift-grass. Three were the

greatest number of eggs found in any
one nest and nearly all contained this
number. The nests were notall bunch-
ed together in one place but were scat-
tered here and there over the entire
marsh. Clapper Rails constantly called
to one another from their hidden re-
treats among the taJl grass and severai
of their nests were observed. Many of
the eggs had hatched. Of the few nests
which were found to contain eggs only
one set was found which was not too
far advanced in incubation to allow
blowing. The number in a nest varied
from seven to twelve. Several nests
were found on the higher ground of the
island above high-water mark.

The Wilson’s Plover is the most com-
mon shore bird on the island at this
season of the year although flocks of
last year’s young of Semipalmated and
Spotted Sandpipers were seen. A few
Black-bellied Plovers were secured,
none of these had as yet assumed their
black under plumage. These birds re-
main alosg the coast all summer, as
they do not go norih until ready to
breed which is not until their second
year. Several pairs of dignified Oyster-
catchers paroled the beach, but they
were soZextremely shy that it was only
by exercising considerable caution that
Isecured a single pair. Their nests
were very dithicult to find, four eggs be-
ing the total number secured while on
the island. Other birds that I obsery-
ed during my stay were as follows: sev-
eral Ospreys, Gt. Blue Herons and
Gull-billed Terns. quite a number of
Boat-tailed Grackles (which nest on a
neighboring island), Green Herons and
numbers of Barn Swallows, the latter
nesting on the underside of the wharf
near the hotel. Also Nighthawks and
Sea-side Finches and one Long-billed
Curlew was seen but was unable to pro-
cure it. While going down the beach
one morning I spied sitting on the sand
close to the surf an American Scoter.
Cautiously creeping up behind a pile of

THE OOLOGIST. 193

shells I discharged a load of No. 2’s at
it. It rose but after flying perhaps
fifty feet, fell, and I standing there
alone by the moaning see watched my
prize as it rose and fell on the billows,
—drifting out to sea.

T. GILBERT PEARSON,

(Museum),
Guilford College, N. C.

The Ashy Petrel( Oceanodroma homochroa)

on the Farallones.

Haying seen and read very little In
the O6LOGIST concerning the habits
and breeding of that rare and beautiful
bird, the Ashy Petrel, I venture my ob-
servations.

The morning of July 5th found my
cousin, F. N. Kirschbaum and myself
expectantiv awaiting the departure of
the tug-boat Active at the wharfin San
Francisco. We gazed with admiration
on the restless little boat as it rose and
fell with the tide; and as the sun sent
his first golden rays glittering over the
waters, from behind the Eastern hills,
we boarded the tug and were soon
ploughing our way through the peace-
ful waters of the Bay of San Francisco
toward the Golden Gate, on a trip to
the Farallone Islands. Never shall I
forget the beauty of that scene—the
smoking of the ferry-boats as they pre-
pared for another day’s labor; the rapid
skimming of some light fishing boat
across our wake, and above all the
beautiful quiet of the early morning
hours.

But, as is the case of most amateur
seamen beauties soon depreciated in
value, as the form of the grim monster
Seasickness came into view. The re-
mainder of our voyage may have been
lined with the most ‘charming and
picturesque scenery for aught we knew,
but of it we saw nothing. Eventually
we arrived at the Farallones, and I for
one could imagine the feelings of poor
Robinson Crusoe, as I stepped seasick,
and dizzy, upon the barrenrocks. This

feeling however, soon vanished aud
left me fitted to enjoy the beauties of
the Islands.

We remained six days on the Faral-
lones, during which time we collected
many sets of eggs of the more common
varieties, but it is of the Ashy Petrel
that I wish to speak in detail. This is
by no means a common resident, al-
though I am convinced that these
Islands are the the breeding place of a
liberal number. During my stay on
the Islands I examined 18 nests, of the
Ashy Petrel, 6 containing eggs; 7 con-
taining young; and the remaining 3
containing only the broken shells, the
young birds having left the nests.

My first observations were from a
nest at the extreme end of a_ cave,
damp and moss.grown, shown me by
the genial Lighthouse Engineer, Mr.
Winthar,. The egg was lying on the
damp ground with absolutely nothing
fora nest. It was discolored by the
moss on which it lay, and in some man-
ner had become badly cracked. It was
advanced in incubation and could not
be blown.

Directly above the entrance to this
cave, in the crevice of a large rock we
noticed a forked tail protruding. Hast-
ily ascending and reaching into the
crevice, we pulled out a Petrel. Much
to our disappointment and disgust, the
hole proved to contain a promising
young bird. It was from the old bird
that I received a good deal of instruct-
ion in regard to collecting the eggs of
this species’ Let me say in the vegin-
ning that if you are not possessed of a
moderately sensitive nasal apparatus,
you can invest your time more profita-
bly in collecting the other varieties of
eggs, for ‘‘smelling’’ the Ashy Petrel is
the only way you can find its nest.

Imagine a collector arrayed in a pair
of overalls, crawling along some
rough and ancient stone-wall on the
Farallones, and inserting his nose at
frequent intervals between the rocks,

194 THE OOLOGIST.

and you have an idea of the successful
Petrel hunter. After catching the bird
on the nest near the cave, I took a few
good whitffs of its feathers and _ this
made me familiar with its scent. The
Ashy Petrel has a musky smell, or as
some term it— ‘“‘strong.”

“On the following day I set out to
spend an hour or two in hunting for
these eggs, I repaired to a rocky cliff on
the ‘‘West End” and selected a place
where there were many loose slabs of
rock, On smelling of a crevice in the
cliff I immediately recognized the ‘scent
of the previous day and now I had a
Petrel. By removing a number of the
rocks [found the bird. She was un-
ceremoniously removed but as the nest
contained a young bird I replaced the
mother. In color the adult bird was
black, verging into a dark ash on the
breast. The tail was forked 2 of an
inch. The bird measured 74+ inches in
length and 164 inches in width, the
wings of the Ashy Petrel being very
long. The beak was a dull black and
slightly hooked at the end, while at the
base was a sort of tube which is used to
spread oil over the bird’sfeathers. The
feet were webbed.

I resumed my search and found two
more nests in the same part of the cliff;
one above and the other a little below
my first. Both contained eggs but one
was accidentally broken in removing it
from the hole. Packing the other, I
went to astone wall about three feet
high where I scented another bird.
The nest was found among the stones‘
on the ground and contained one egg
which is invariably the full comple-
ment. Inno ease did I find any trace
of a nest, save the bare rock. The re-
mainder of my nests were situated
quite close to the residents of the
Island, and in most cases under piles of

rocks and bowlders which have year
after year, accumalated.
Out of the eight eggs found, two

were broken by accident, while the re-
maining six I now have. Ofthese two

are cracked and incubated so as to be
unblowable. Thesix eggs measure as
follows: 1.12x.92; 1.18x.88; 1.12x.87;
1.18x.87; 1.25x.94: and 1.25x.88. This
gives an average of 1.17x.89. In .color,
the egg of the Ashy Petrel is a creamy
white when fresh, with usually a wreath
of faint brown spots around the large
end. Out of my six specimens two are
very distinctly marked while the others.
are very faint.

The remainder of the nests examin-
ed were situated much the same as
those I have described. In no case can
any special place be given as:preferable
for Petrels, for they seem to breed al-
most anywhere among the rocks. But
I have never yet found them in holes
or burrows, they seeming to prefer crey-
ices and rents in the rock. In the cases
of some of the nests the birds must.
have zigzagged in among the sharp
edges of stone until it found some flat
ledge secure from molestation, where
the single egg was laid, but it matters
very little where the bird may be, if
you are acquainted with its scent.

The Ashy Petrel is strictly a noctur-
nal bird, which, like Cassin’s Auklet, .
renders it much more difficult of dis-
covery. But the novelty and what
might be termed excitement, of collect-
ing these eggs will ever make memor-
able my trip to the Farallones.

C. BARLOW,
Santa Clara, Cal.

After the Yellow-billed Magpie.

This bird is found nowhere in the
world except California, where it nests.
in colonies throughout the state.

Unlike the European Magpie, which
is said to nest in gardens, etc., ours re-
sort to secluded places among the hills,
where if unmolested they will propagate
rapidly, occupying the same nest year
after year and their colonies often ex-
tend for several miles.

On the 8th of A pril last, I determined
to find a rookery and decided to explore

THE OOLOGIST. 195

a portion of the mountains near here.

About fifteen miles to the eastward
lay the hills and further on, the blue
Santa Cruz range running from east to
west in several chains, forming numer-
ous valleys and canons my destination
lay in one of these.

Thad a pleasant ride, the road ex-
tending first through fields of green and
oak groves, then among the hills cover-
ed with wild flowers and lastly through
grey canons at tha bottom of which ran
noisy mountain streams.

As dusk approached I came to a rus-
tic little cabin where I decided to pass
the night. It was situated farin among
the hills, without a habitation within
many miles. A creek ran near tne
house where I caught a mess of moun-
tain trout which added greatly to my
supper.

Next morning I set out over the hills
on foot, just as the sun was rising, and
had walked about a mile when I saw a
Magpie and soon after found a nest,
from which I saw several others, and so
was sure that I had found the desired
eolony. The nest was placed in the top
of a white-oak, about thirty feet from
the ground. When about half-way to
the nest the Magpie flew off. I was ex-
cited and somewhat aggravated when I
reached the nest, asI could not find the
entrance from which the bird had just
_ flown, but whenI did find it, seven eggs
resting upon a bed of horse hair and
pine needles, met my gaze. The nest
was over two feet high, and eighteen
inches wide.

Ifound many more nests during the
morning. They area model of work-
manship and cunning architecture. The
outside appears like a mere mass of
sticks about a foot long and as large as
a lead pencil, but the nest properis only
about five inches wide and four deep
inside, and is nicely lined with pine
needles, and horse hair if accessible.
Just outside of this isa layer of mud
and then the sticks, which cover it en-

tirely, excepting an entrance for the
parent bird. Altogetther it is a very
comfortable domicile for the young
birds; a cool place in warm weather
and a nearly dry place on a rainy day.

More than this, it shields them from
the attack of hawks and animals.

They are exceedingly cunning as a
story shows. A pair of Magpies in
England built their nest regularly ina
small bushin a farm yard. As there
were no trees in the neighborhood, the
birds were obliged to seek this spot, and
to to guard against all intruders they
seattered thorns around the bush which
would have baftied the slyest fox.

The nests are often built in mistletoe
which makes them difficult to observe,
and if they should be seen would be
taken for old affairs.

When climbing the tree the Magpie
very quietly leaves the nest, but when
taking the eggs both parents will often
fly around close to you, uttering their
harsh note. The denominating colors
are black and white.

The birds are about sixteen inches
long but their tail occupies one-half of
this length. It is wedge-shaped, the

- two middle feathers being longest, and

black in color.

The wings are short and rounded,
black above and white on the edges be-
low. Head,neck, breast, and back, black
with a few small greyish streaks on
throat. Below breast and shoulders
white. The wings and tail especially,
display several iridescent colors.

The distinguishing features between
the California species and the common
Magpie, are in one the yellow bill and a
bare yellow space about the eye,

In the American species the bill is
black.

They have a dipping flight similar to
a Jay.

I found the average set of eggs to be
six or seven, although less and occa-
sionally eight or nine are laid. The
ground color is a very light drab, thick-

196

ly spotted over the entire surface but
settling heavier at the larger end with
cloudings of a greenish brown inter-
spread by indistinct lilac markings.

While walking across a wooded patch
after lunch, my atteution was attracted
by a pair of Slender-billed Nuthatches
walking up and down the limbs of an
oak tree, when presently to my delight
one of them entered a knot-hole about
fifteen feet from the ground in an ad-
joining tree. It did not fly out until I
reached the entrance, which was no
- larger than a dollar. I managed to en-
large the opening and found seven fresh
eggs.

The bird resembles the White-breast-
ed Nuthatch, being the western repre-
sentative, asdo the eggs also. They are
white, speckled with red and purplish
markings, principally at the larger end.

The nest was about one foot from the
entrance, being horizontally in from
the end of a broken limb, and was com-
posed of loosely laid feathers and a
wooly substance.

At length while walking slowly to-
ward the cabin I crossed a gulch through
which ran a little mountain torrent
composed ot waterfalls and rapids that
sped down the rocky canon like mad,
splashing spray on the ferns that grew
beside its banks, making everything
fresh and green surrounding it.

Isat down in the shady dell admir-
ing the gigantic red-woods that towered
above me 300 feet, when I was sudden-
ly startled by hearing a whirr of wings,
and just had time to catch a
glimpse of a dark colored bird as it dis-
appeared around a bend in the stream.

I walked up the creek a short distance
little suspecting what was in store for
me, till I came to a little grotto formed
of rocks, at the end of which a stream-
let entered by a fall, and flowing about
a rod, enteredthe main stream. I never
can forget that exquisite sight, the spray
from the water-fall filled the place with
arare crystaline freshness added to by
the setting sun shining on the diamond-

THE OOLOGIST.

like sprays, spreading a rich golden lus-
tre over the scene.

But the sight to interest a collector
most, was the beautiful moss-covered
nest perched in a little nook near the
falls, bespangled with spray which kept
it fresh and green.

This accounted for the frightened bird
Isaw a moment ago flying down the
stream, and upon examining the nest I
found in the nice dry center of it—four
young Water Ouzels.

FRED A. SCHNEIDER,
College Park, Cala.

>-——_>_+

An Oological Trip in Central Illinois.

Having planned to make a trip to the
woodlands on the opposite bank from
this city, my Oological friend and I de-
parted bright and early one beautiful
Wednesday morning in May for the
field of our labor. Among the articles
we took along were a set of instru-
ments, a note book, some data blanks,
a ball of strong cord, some tin boxes
fastened to belts and filled with cotton,
a pair of climbers, and last, but not
least, a basket full of lunch. As the
Lamarsh levee had broken, the low.
lands were flooded with from 6 to 15
feet of water, so we were obliged to
arrive at the bluffs before commencing
operations. The <Antrosmus vociferus
(Whip-poor-will) were very plentiful,
being driven out of the lowlands by the
high water, and we could hardly walk
two or three rods without scaring one
up from the ground. We found no-
eggs, however, as it was a little
early yet. While thumping dried
and rotten trees and stumps, and peer-
ing into the thick undergrowth I sud-
denly spied a nest of the Cardinal Gros-
beak. The female was on the nest and
was a close sitter. It was situated
among grape vines along a limb of a
fallen tree, and was composed of bark,
pine grasses, rootlets, etc., and con-
tained three eggs of a bluish-white tint,

THE OOLOGIST.

with fine brown or reddish-brown spots
all over the shell. Having secured
these, and written the particulars in our
note book, we once more resumed our
way.

We found three nests of the Rose-
breasted Grosbeak, two of which were
unfinished, the other containing three
eggs. These specimens were of a
greenish-blue tint more or less spotted
over the entire surface with reddish-
brown. This nest was situated on a
horizontal limb of a dogwocd tree,
about eleven feet from the giound and
was composed mostly of fine grass, etc.,
and was very shallow.

We now seated ourselves beneath the
branches of a large oak to do justice to
our lunch basket. When this impor-
tant ceremony was almost finished, my
friend noticed a large, graceful bird
hovering over a tree some distance
away. I at once recognized it to be an
American Goshawk, <Accipiter Atrica-
ptllus, a kind often seen in these parts,
but so far as known, seldom breeding
here. We hastened in the direction of
this great find, and soon discovered a
large bulky nest at the top of a tall
white oak tree. It was composed of
sticks, weeds, grass, roots ete., and lin-
ed with softer material. My friend ad-
justed the climbing irons, and proceed-
ed to ascend the tree. The large bird
gave a loud scream and flew to a neigh-
boring tree as my friend slid his hand
into the nest and announced ‘‘three
eggs.’ After securing them safely in a
tin box he carried for the purpose, he
descended, and we were soon examin-
ing the treasured booty, The eggs
were of a bluish-white, or very light
blue tint, rough and uumarked, and
slightly inqubated, measuring 2.23x1.82,
2.28x1.75 and 2.29x1.74 respectively.

Upon returning we procured the fol-
lowing sets: two sets of four, Brown
Thrasher; one set of four, Catbird; and

another set of four, Rose-breasted

197

Grosbeak; and ‘‘spotted”’? several un-
finished nests for our next trip.

We returned home tired and hungry,
but well satisfied with our day’s sport.

Two weeks later I took two sets of
two, Whip-poor-will; one of three,
Least Bittern and a set of nine Gallinule
eggs near the same place.

F. E. Lux,
Pekin, Ill.

i ee

Western New York Naturalists’ Association.
The first stated meeting of the W. N,
Y.N. A. will be held at Brockport, N,
Y. on Thursday, Oct. 6, 1892. Business
meeting at 2:30 P.M. Public meeting
in the evening commencing at 8 P. M,
All active members should be at busi-
ness meeting as there is much to be
done. Will publish name of building
in Sept. No. of OoLoeist. All wishing
to make exhibits please correspond
with the Secretary, Truman R. Taylor,
90, William St. Rochester, or Neil. F,
Posson, Medina, Orleans Co., N. Y.
All articles should be sent to the Secre-
tary.
E. H. SHorT, Pres.
T. R. TayLor, Sec.

“Our Birds in Their Haunts.’’
My Dear Friend Lattin:

Be so kind as to notice in the O6LO-
Gist, that my book—‘‘Our Birds in
Their Haunts,” new edition will soon
be out; and that I have been greatly
worried with delays on the part of the
printer. In addition to other perplex-
ities, many of the plates, which are
very fine electrotypes, adhered to the
eard-board in which they were packed,
thus causing great difficulty in cleaning
them for the press, and great loss of
time. Mysubscribers have been very
patient, for which I most cordially
thank them.

Yours very truly,
J. Li. LANGILLE,
Kensington, Md.

198

THE OOLOGIST,

A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY.

FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.
Editor and Publisher.

Correspondence and items of interest to the

Student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited

from all.

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@NTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER,

SS SS SS Se
JUNE CONTEST.

Fifty-two Judges.

Prize Winners and credits received
by each were vs follows:

1. A Day’s Collecting in California.
212.

1. Some of Our Visitors and Neigh-
bors. 158.

3. The Purple Finch. 140.

THE OOLOGIST.

4. Two Rare Nests. 113.

5. The Chestnut-sided Warbler. 68,

6. The Turkey Vulture. 54.

(As ‘‘The Turkey Vulture” received
credits exceeding the number of judges
we award it a sixth prize.)

Four other articles received from 4 to
17 credits each.

Sixteen of the judges named the first
five prize winning articles, only two,
however naming their exact order.

The lucky judges and the order in
which they made their decisions were
as follows:

1. No. 37.—W. A. Achilles,
dltexe 1, By ae by

2. No.44.—A. R. Hutchinson, Gaines,
INA soe oman

3. ue 25.—Herbert Sterzing, Austin,
Wee, ly By By Hy 4k

4. No. 50.—W. 8S. Cruzan, Sulpaay

Austin,

Springs, Tex. 1, 2; 3, 5,4:
5. No.21. DanaC. Gillette, Barre
Centre; Nu Yo) 2, 2),43.sop

All prizes were mailed on Aug, 2d.

anni

Iowa Notes.

I send youa few Iowa notes which
may be of interest to some of your
readers. First a friend collected
a single egg of the King Rail near here
along the edge of a shallow lake near
the river. The egg corresponds ex-
actly to an egg of this bird which I a
in my collection. Also last spring,‘ 91,
I shot one of these birds near the same
place. Is not this a rather rare occur:
rence? Ihave found four nests of the
Acadian Flycatcher near here, three of
which contained eggs two sets of two
and one of three. ‘Two of these sets
were well advanced in incubation and
the other fresh. Two of the nests are
very unique specimens. I think, being
almost entirely made of dried blossoms
of the common scrub oak and suspend-
ed between the forks of a limb of a
small tree, somewhat after the manner
of the Vireos, but being much shallow-

5
:
;
a
:
;
;

=

Se ae

a

ee eS ee

oe ae

oe

Og a ee

THE OOLOGIST.

er and presenting a very ragged ap-
pearance underneath. The other two
were made of grass and are very frail
structures.

I find the Wood Pewee to be very
common here having found eight nests
within a radius of less than half a mile.
They prefer the elm and serub oak and
the nests are very often built on dead
limbs.

A small boy found a nest of the Ruby-
throated Hummingbird containing two
eggs. I found two nests which I iden-
tified as those of the Traill’s Flycatcher.
Among other nests found are those of
the Redstart five nests, Yellow-throat-
ed Vireo one nest, two nests of Bell’s
Vireo and several of the Red-eyed and
White-eyed species. The Yellow Warb-
ler is very abundant here, I could have
taken fifty sets had I wished.

Last but not least I took one egg of the’

Red-tailed Hawk this spring which was
absolutely unspotted. It is also a trifle
larger than any others I have seen. The
identification is correct, I think, as I
saw both of the birds.
Abs Iu Se,
Council Bluffs, Ia.

The Chickadee, in Rutland Co., Vt.

As I have never seen very much con- ~

cerning the habits of this bird in the
columns of the OdLoeisT; I thought a
few lines on my part would not go amiss.

My first acquaintance with the nest-
ing habits of this bird began, in the
spring of this year, during which time
I have found three nests each contain-
ing eggs.

On the 2nd of May, 1892, when on a
trip after a nest of Cooper’s Hawk I dis-
covered a newly excavated hole in a
beech stub abont 14 feet up, and at
once recognized it to be an uncomplet-
ed nest of Parus atricapillius. I kept
close watch of the birds as they brought
material for the construction of the
nest, which consisted of leaves, moss

199:

and grass with a lining of fur froim
small quadrupeds and hair. On May
10th there were seven eggs in the nest
of a white color spotted all over, but
chiefly at the larger end, with spots of
reddish-brown; which measured re-
spectively .62x.49, .61x48, .60x.49, .59x-
48, .59x.47, .59x.47 and .58x.47 inches.

My second nest was discovered on
May 11th while on a collecting trip
with my fellow collector, but not being
completed was marked down for the
next trip. On May 20th I returned to
the nest and secured a fine set of six
eggs, the average size being .59x.48
inches.

My third, and last, nest was built in
the same stub from which I obtained
my first set, and probably by the same
birds, as it was very late being found
on June 27th. It contained five eggs,
incubatiou apparently advanced, but as
I did not take them I cannot say.

The birds are very close setters, and
no amount of pounding will bring them
off, but the minute you stop and stand
back a little way they will flit off.

The birds remain here all winter and
traverse the woodlands from tree to
tree seeking their insect food; and any
time that you go out into the woods,
when there is snow on the ground, you
will be accosted by the sharp ‘‘Chich-a-
dee-dee-dee,”’ and On looking up you
willsee Parus atricapillius eyeing you
sharply.

Wair C. JOHNSON
Center Rutland, Vt.

The Long-eared Owl.

In the October ’89 number of the O6L-
OGIST was an article describing my ex-
perience with this Owl for that year
and the sets taken. In ’89 I took 5 sets,
one of 8, 38 of 7 and one of 5.

This season I have taken 5 sets, one
of 4 and four of 5.

My first set was of four eggs, but I
know that the bird had at one time five

200

eggs in the nest, so the set is not full.

It was a deserted Crow’s nest and as
usual the Owl took it just as she found
it, making no additions at all.

The eggs were taken from the nest
on the 10th of April and incubation was
advanced in some of them fully two-
thirds.

The second set was taken on April
30th and was of five eggs, incubation
from + to #. The eggs were deposited
in a Crow’s nest from which I had taken
the eggs of the Crow in early April, and
for this reason was a much better nest
than the Owl usually occupies. These
eggs measure 1.71x1.31, 1.73x1.38, 1.67x
1.30, 1.67x1.88, 1.69x1.83. Average 1.69
x1.34.

On the same day I took another set of
five from a new Crow’s nest about 150
yards from the tree where I took the
other set. This nest had been built
over a month before by the Crows and
had been robbed and the Crows shot.
Incubation, as usual, was advanced for
the reason that the Owl, like all birds of
prey that I have had an opportunity to
watch, only lays one egg in two days
and sometimes not so often, so that it
requires at least ten days for a set of
five to be deposited, and I was not able
to visit the nests as often as I desired,
so they were left in the nest several
days after the bird finished laying. Ay-
erage of this set 1.66x1.27.

My fourth set was taken on the 28th
of May and was of five eggs, incubation
to about two weeks. The eggs were
deposited in a Crow’s nest that for some
reason had not been completed by the
Crows and was a very flimsey affair to
say the least and the tree was soslender
I could with great difficulty reach the
nest.

The fifth set was taken from a ‘‘com-
bination” nest, first used by the Crows
last year, but was almost gone this
spring so I took a ‘‘91” Cooper’s Hawk
nest from a tree near by and patched it
up and the same pair of Hawks, they

THE OOLOGIST

remain in the grove all the year, used
it and when I had robbed them the
Owls took possession. The set was of
five eggs and was taken June 25th, in-
cubation advanced.

This set measures 1.68x1.28, 1.72x1.28,
1.71x1.25, 1.75x1.31, 1.66x1.25, average
1.70x1.27, fully as large as the average
of the previous sets, and this was pro-
bably the third set from the same pair
of birds. ;

Iam not sure alout there being over
one male in the grove as a male was
shot early in the season and I never saw
but three birds after that.

This season the birds made a most
distressing moan when the nest was dis-
turbed, something they had never done
before.

All these nests were in pine trees,
about 15 to 20 feet from the ground, in
a thick grove used as a wind break to
my father’s house and were not at any
great distance from it.

A great many Blackbirds nest in the
grove and even on trees beside those
containing the Owl’s nest.

This Owl will use almost anything for
anest. In ’89 I put an old Crow’s nest
in the lower branches of a pine tree and
in 90 gotaset of eggs from it, and
some of the nests I have seen would
hardly hold the eggs.

I do not, in the face of contrary state-
ments by several writers in the O6LO-
GisT, like to say the Owl does not make
its own nest, but I know in over twen-
ty-five nests, I have seen, the Owl had
not added anything to any of them and
pairs or even a small flock will occupy
a grove all the year and not nest unless
some old Crow’s nest is to be found.

In nearly every case until this year I
have been able to watch the nest from
the time the Owl took possession, usu-
ally some time before she lays, until
the last egg has been deposited, so I
think I am able to be very positive
about this.

If my business did not call for great

THE OOLOGIST. 201

skill with a blow-pipe, I can blow a
steady stream of air for at least ten
minutes, and small tools, and my outfit
was not of the best, I would have given
many of these eggs up in disgust but as
it is I got all out with small holes.

Before this year I had thought seven
eges was an average set and why the
birds only laid five this year I do not
know unless the heavy rain was the
cause, though why this should effect
them I do not see.

A. C.Murcuison, D. D.S.
Kewanee, Ills.

World’s Fair Notes.

Butterflies to the number of 150,000
will be shown in the Pennsylvania ex-
hibit at the World’s Fair. The collec-
tion is said to be the most complete and
and finest in the world.

The World’s Fair commission of New
South Wales has decided to send to
Chicago for exhibition in the Horticul-
tural department of the Exposition the
following typical representatives of
Australian vegetation and flora: tree
ferns, staghorn ferns, birds-nest ferns,
todea ferns, macrozaminas of two dis-
tinct kinds, gigantic lilies, rock lilies
and grass trees.

To The World’s Fair.

Join the club that is being organized
to attend the World’s Fair at Chicago.
You can pay for your ticket in weekly
or monthly payments; the ticket covers
railway fares, board, room and Exeur-
sion tickets. The United World’s Ex-
position Company is the strongest in
United States, apply to local agent or
write the United World’s Fair Execur-
sion Co., N. KH. Dep’t, 406 Exchange
Building, Boston, Mass

CARR'S NATURAL HISTORY STORE.

Sea Shells, Corals. Minerals, Bird Skins and
Eggs, Curios, Supplies for Taxidermists, Ento-
mologests, Botanists and Oologists. Tawyid-
ermy in all Branches of the art. Gold fish and
aquarums.

40 page Illustrated Catalogue for 2c stamp.

C.F. CARR
Madison, Wis.

Prizes for Best Articles.

We have decided to give our patrons,
each month, five prizes. These prizes
are to be awarded to the five best arti-
cles appearing in the O6LOGIsT in which
the offers are made.

For the five articles in this (Aag.) O6L-
OGIST which are the most instructive,
valuable and interesting we shall give
as follows:

1st prize—A Partof Maynard’s Birds
of Eastern North America, bound in
boards and leather.

2nd prize—Davie’s Key to the Nests
and Eggs of N. A. Birds in cloth.

3d prize—Same as 2d prize, in paper.

4th prize—Vol. 1 (84-85) Youne Oot-
o«Gist, bound in eloth.

5th prize—Vol. III and IV (’86-’87)
THE OG6LOGIsT, bound in cloth.

For the Sept. competition
give a similiar set of prizes.

The articles entering into competition
must contain at least one hundred
words and we prefer that they do not
exceed seven hundred words, unless
they fairly teem with very, very inter-
esting facts or happenings—Remember
that ‘‘fancies,” ‘‘rehashes,” ‘Sparrow
stories” and articles of similiar nature
are not solicited and will rarely be
found ‘‘available.”

THE JUDGES: Yow have been sel-
ected to act as one of the Judges in
these Prize article contests, and your
decision must be promptly and fairly
given.

Your decision for this month’s com-
petition must be mailed us not later
than Sept. 10th. Write on back of a
postal card the articles which you have
decided to be the most valuable, instruc-
tive and interesting in this number of
O6LOGIST and mail tous. Number the
articles in the order which you think
the prizes should be awarded.

‘We also give our Judges five prizes,
one to each of the five whose decisions
are nearest the final award of prizes and
in this months competition the Judge
whose list of five articles is the nearest
the awarded list, we will give a copy of
Davie’s Key to the Nest and Eggs of N.
A. Birds, paper. 2d and 3d each a
Book relating to Natural History, ele-
gantly bound in cloth and gilt. 4th
and 5th each a set of Noddy. In ease
of a tie, the earlist mailed list takes the
prize. Address

we will

FRANK H. LatrTin,
Albion, N. Y.

202

MY WANTS FOR THE NEXT 30 DAYS.

ICAN USE atfull rates in no¢ less than $1 or
over $10 lots, as per conditions named below,
the following species: Western Grebe, Loon,
Black Guillemot, Gull-billed Tern, Least Tern,
Black Tern, Leaches’ Petrel, Fla. Cormorant,
Anhinga, King Bird, Field Sparrows, Clapper
Rail, Prairie Hen, Black and Turkey Vultures,

Whooping and Sandhill Cranes, Bald
Hagle, Purple Finch, Lark Sparrow, Ovyen-
bird, Long-billed Marsh Wrens, Mourning

Dove, Dickcissel, Red-head Duck, Razor-billed
Auk, Snowy and Black-crowned Night Herons,
Laughing Gull, Black Skimmer, Pied-billed
Grebe, Gray Sea Hagle, Bobolink, and Mock-
ingbird. Other specimens will be accepted at
one-half rates. The prices given in the NEw
STANDARD CATALOGUE must be used as a basis.
All eggs must be strictly first-class in every par-
ticular , and if not in such condition I will take
out eggs to the amount of jive times the actual
cost of return postage to pay for same and
trouble, and will return the balance to you.

In return for above, I will give Back Num-
bers at single copy price, and advertising space
in the OOLOGIST at regular rates; one year’s
subscription to the OOLOGIST, including cou-
pons at $1.00; Good White Metal Nickel Blow-
er, 35c. Long-handled Nickled Embyro Hooks,
25c. 12-100 EKgg Drills, 15c. Davie’s ‘‘Nests and
Eggs of N. A. Birds,” cloth and gilt, 4.00

New Standard Catalogue, 50c; and single eggs
of the following species A. O. U. No’s at new
STANDARD CATALOGUE rates: 69, 75*, 76*, 79%,
112, 140, 147, 190, 198, 224, 289a, 319, 393, 393b, 394a,
407*, 465*, 466, 466a*, 477a, 488a, 490, 495a, 499*,500*,
505a*,580*,594,628,551,673%*, 706*, 707*,719*, 719a,719b,
729*and 758*. Also auy of the following Kuropean
eggs at 10c each, Blackbird,* Song Thrush,*
Robin,* Chaffinch,* Whitethroat.*

Can furnish sets of all species followed by *.
This exchange and want offer holds good until
Sep.20th and until that date,Ido not care to pur-
chase or exchange for eggs under any other

conditions.
FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

Hxamine the little rose-colored address label
on the wrapper of the OoLoGist, The number
following name denotes the time when your sub-
scription expires or has expired.

56 signifies your subscription expired June 1890.

62 ca Dec. sf
68 es ie fe a8 June 1891
74 oe be “eo “eé Dee. “ce
80 a6 co o¢ ee Ch June 1892
86 se 66 es will expire Dec. i
pong “ es ie chUne rs IS93

We are desirous of straightening our subscrip-
tion books at once and trust our subscribers will
send in their subscriptions for ’92 including all
arrearages, at their earliest conveniences, the
amounts necessary to accomplish this are as
toilows:

«56”—$1.25. ‘62’—$1.00. ‘68’—75c. ‘‘74”—50c.

Should vou desire to discontinue your subscrip-
tion to the OoLoaist your indebtedness to us is
25 cents less than the above amounts. The fig-
ures are according to our books Aug. 1, 1892 and
renewals sent since that date have been credited
on our books, but not on the label.

BIRD COTS.

An illustrated price-list of Electrotypes of
Birds sent free. Just the thing to use on your
letter heads, circulars, etc. Engraving to ox
der. H. A. CARHART, Syracuse, N. Y.

THE OOLOGIST.

jp Oc ee

CHAUTAUQUA ASSELBLY

SEASON OF 1892.

I have just issued a little 50-page Handbook
containing a detailed program of the Chautau-
qua Assembly, during July and August, and
much other matter of interest, relating to Chau-
tauqua. This little book is distributed gratuit-
ously from my Chuatauqua stores, and should
any of my patrons desire a copy or more I will
gladly mail them upon receipt of stamps, at the
rate of le per copy, for mailing expenses.

Faithfully Yours,

FRANK H.LATTIN, Albion, N.Y,

2000000000000000000000800000000008

HE RIPANS TABULES regulate the stomach,
liver and bowels, purify the blood, are pleas-
ant to take, safe and a! GENE effectual. Areliable
remedy for Biliousness, Blotches on the Face,
Bright’s Disease, Catarrh, Colic, Constipation,
Chronic Diarrhcea, Chronic Liver Trouble, Diae
betes, Disordered Stomach, Dizziness, Dysentery,
Dyspepsia, Eczema, Flatulence, Female Com-
laints, Foul Breath, Headache, Heartburn, Hives,
aundice, Kidney Complaints, Liver Troubles,
Loss of Appetite, Mental Depression, Nausea,
Nettle Rash, , Painful Diges-
tion, Pimples, Rush of Blood
to the Head, Sallow Com-
lexion, Salt Rheum, Scald
a ula,Sick Heads
eases,Sour
Feeling,Torpid
Water Brash
er symptom
results from
impure blood or a failure in the proper perform.
ance of their functions by the stomach, liver and
intestines. Persons given to over-eating are ben-
efited by taking one tabule after each meal. A
continued use of the Ripans Tabules is the surest
cure for obstinate constipation. They contain
nothing that can be injurious to the most deli-
cate. 1 gross $2, 1-2 gross $1.25, 1-4 gross 75c.,
1-24 gross 15 cents, Sent by mail pos ae paid,
Address THE RIPANS CHEMICAL COMPANY,
P. O. Box 672, New York.

©80880898800880880080860600880008

400 yarieres or stamps $1.00

Duplicates can be returned.

AN UNUSUAL OFFER

W. BP. GRAANAG

827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL,
Catalogue for stamp.

GOOFS S09S0COEO800G00009060000800880089
rs
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8899908099 8895906899998088809980009000

WEST VIRGINIA

Bird & Mammal Skins and Eggs

All specimens carefully prepared and
with full data.

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.

t= Price List for Stamp.
THADDEUS SURBER,

Jeb6t White Sulphur Springs, W. Va.

ee

~~

THE OOLOGIST. 208

OUR

Seventh Season
VAI

CHAUTAUQUA

During July and August, 1892.

We have two stores at Chautau-
qua, N. Y., one in the Pier House
and the other in the New Arcade
Building.

Should,any of my patrons hap-
pen in tha viciuity of Chautauqua
during their summer vacation, I
trust they will make it a point to
“step in.” We have on exhibi-
tion and for sale thousands of
Specimens, Curiosities, Novelties
and Souvenirs.

PIER HOUSE.

At the Great Buffalo Exposition

———TO BE HELD AT———

BUFPFALO,N, Y.
AUGUST 17-27th, 1892.

Frank H. Lattin will have a ‘‘carload” of Bird’s Eggs, Sea Shells, Corals,
Natural History Specimons and Curiosities of all kinds.

Duplieate specimens will be sold at surprisingly low rates.

‘QLattiu will personally attend the exhibit during the Exposition and would
be pleased to meet any of his patrons. Should you visit the Fair do not fail to
visit Lattin’s Exhibit, which you will find centrally and conspicuously located,
on the second floor of the main building. The exhibit will occupy over 500 ft,
floor space with 75 ft. frontage.

At the Inter-State Fair and Exposition
TO BE HELD AT ELMIRA, N. Y,
AUG. 29th to Sept. 7th.

We have agreed to make a big exhibit. If you attend the fair do not miss
seeing our exhibit we expect to have several thousand dollars worth of speci-
mens and curios on exhibition all of which will be for sale.

Our Elmira Exhibit will occupy the same space as that of our big Indian
Relic display of 91.
— :0:—

“Lattin” may also make exhibits during ensuing Fall at the following places
in New York State—although at date of going to press completed arrangements
have not been made.

Western New York, Rochester, Sept. 26th—80th.

Positive announcements as to the above will be made in Sept. OdLOGIsT.

The follwing Fairs and Expositions
We also expect to have exhibits—
N.Y State Fair at Syracuse Sept. 8th—15th:
New York and New England at Albany, Sept. 19th—24th.
Binghamton Industrial at Binghamton, Sept. 20th to 24th.

WHS
Make an Exhibit
AT YOUR FAIR?

Don’t you think it would pay you to obtain a stock of say, any- q
where from $10 to $100 worth of shells, agates and curios to add a
variety to your present collection, and make an exhibit at your own ~
and neighboring Fairs this Fall?

THERE'S $ $ IN IT

At a good Fair, with a suitable display you could sell from $10 to
$100 per day, upon which there would be a GOOD BIG profit.
Now we will have lots of just such material on hand at Chautau-
qua, Buffalo and Elmira, that will remain unsold, rather than ship
back home wiil sell at very low rates, if#it would be inconvenient for
you to personally make your selections at any of the above places,
but will send me the amount you wish to invest and give me an
inkling of about what you want I will pesoaally and judiciously
make a selection that I will guarantee to give you big satisfaction ~
in every particular and will make the prices to you lower than you |
could possibly duplicate elsewhere.
Remember I also carry a full line of Agate, Spar, Pyrites and
Shell Jewelery and Novelties. Write what you want.
Faithfully,
FRANK Hy WAT
Albion Nox.

-

———

NY Monthly.

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5Oc. per Year. <3

VOL. IX.

ALBION, N. Y., SEPT., 1892:

NO. 9

NEW RATES. NEW RULES. NEW REGULATIONS.

Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.

Brief special announcements, ‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department
for 50c per 35 words. Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional

word. No notice inserted for less than 50c.

Terms, cash with order.

Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at One-half list rates.
‘“‘DEHALERS” Gan use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only,
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted for ‘-Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only

and according to conditions stated thereon.

ALL future transactionsin Birds Eggs should
de and with ‘‘Lattin” must be based on the pric-
es given in the ‘‘New Standard Catalogue.”

WANTED.—First class sets A. O. U. Nos.
144, 201, 300, 810, 315, 394, 405, 417, 420, and many
others. Will give good exchange in Nos. 12,
16, 120 and others. $15.00 worth of miscellane-
ous books. C. BYRON VANDERCOOK, Odin,
Mil.

TO EXCHANGE.—We have first class eggs
to exchange, in sets or single, for first class in
Sets, notin our collection. J.S.& A. PYFER,
Odell, Neb.

EXCHANGE.—A good Remington Rifie, 222
Calibre. for Breech Loading collecting gun.
Will sell Rifle for cash, Cost $12.50. Write
giving description of gun or stating offer. T.
B. HUDGIN, Athens, Ga.

NOTICE.—$38.81 worth of ffrst class eggs for
Sale orexchange. Would rather sell but will
exchange for any good article. R. C, ALEX-
ANDER, Stark, Mich.

NOTICE :—Fine first class sets and singles,
rare and common, wanted in exchange for ffne
first class sets and rare and valuable foreign
Bras: W.C. JONES, Bradford, Mass., Box
239,

~FOR SALE.—25o0dd numbers of ‘‘Forest and

Stream” from March 1890 to March 1892. Also
““Youth’s Companions” for 1891. Make offers.
ERNEST W. BENNINE, 16 Lee St., Cam-

bridgeport, Mass.

I HAVE over 200 species of first class desir-
able single eggs. Will exchange for fire arms
or musical intruments in A No. 1 condition, or
for other desirable articles. Send description
giving lowest exchange price of what you can
offer and Ill send list of my eggs. N. 6
BRADT, Johnstown, N. Y.

WANTED.— Good guitar or banjo. Can offer
collection of 350 A, 1 eggs in complete sets with
data (worth $60.00), such as Hawks, Owls,
Warblers, Rails, etc.; also have one pair new
climbers, 150 large datas on stub. Anyone hay-
ing good instrument write. Allanswered. ED-
WARD FULLER, 161 Main St.,,Norwich, Conn.

FIRST CLASS singefeggs, also large magic
Lantern with views, Indian relics, and polished
minerals to exchange for eggsin sets. H. W.
{Be AUS Prospect House, Niagara Falls, New

ork.

FIRST CLASS Birds’ Eggs to exchange for
a Breech loading Shot-gun, 22 cal. Rifle 32 cal.
Revolver, DANA C. GILLETT Barre Centre,
Orleans Co., N. Y.

FOREIGN STAMPS, Lepidoptera, Petrified
wood. Fossil mollusks and other curio from
Texas, to exchange for eggs in sets. Write
first. W.S.CRUZAN, Sulphur Springs, Tex.

EXCHANGE.—AIl my collections, including
mounted birds, skins and eggs, mammals, in-
sects, stamps and cabinets, value over $200.00,
for safety bicycle, Pneumatic tires preferred.
TABER D. BAILEY, Montgomery St., Ban-
gor, Maine.

A BARGAIN.—A Collection of minerals, fos-
sils, relics, coins insects, 2000 cards, broken vio-
lin, etc., etc. Will take brevier or long primer
type in part payment. R, M. DALRYMPLE,
Baker, O.

TO EXCHANGE.—I have some very nice
sets to exchange for 7an improved Water-
bury watch in good condition. Write for lists.
JNO. HOWARD, Tarboro, N C.

PIKE’S PEAK specimens to exchange for
good arrowheads; also an electric plater, as
good as new for geologicol specimens or shells.
Fae apes H. STEPHENSON, Wahoo, Neb.

ox 51.

MOUNTED BIRDS. Minerals, Youth’s Com-
panion, Scientific American, tennis racket, pic-
colo to exchange for camera, ffeld or. opera
glasses. or books on ornithology or taxidermy.
CHES rns M. WHITNEY, Westminister,

ass.

ee I ee ee ee

FOR SALE!—Self Inking Model Press No 1
Improved. Chase 7x8 inches and outfit. Will
send impression of type and description of out-
fit on application. Entire outfit cost sixty dol-
lars will sell for cash at thirty-five. Positively
no exchanges. L. C. FREENY, Pittsville, Md.

206 _THE OOLOGIST

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued.

ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs should
be and with ‘‘Lattin’’ must be based on the pric-
es given in the New ‘“‘Standard Catalague.”

WANTED-—I would like the price lists of all
Collectors having Bird skins and Curiosities to
sell. Also exchange lists. EDGAR A. FERO,
116 Ontario St.. Cohoes N. Y.

TO EXCHANGE:—First class sets and sing-
les with or without datas to exchange for
same. RALPH MATTESON, 114 EH. North St.,

Galesburg, Ill.

WANTED.—To sell my collection of singles,
145 varieties value $30.00. Will sell for % price;
‘or Will exchange for flute,S keys, Key D.. R.
W. PATTERSON, Parkersburg, W. Va., Box
247,

ONE TRIO genuine Shawl—neck Games
bought direct from Tom Ware. East Point, Ga.
for self-inklng printing press about 54%x9% in
good condition, also 6-inch roll Fluting Ma-
chine, price $4.00, bran new, for type or skins.
J.J. WIRZ, Taxidermist, Rutherfordton, N.C.

HAWK and OWL eggs wanted.—Any species
in sets with full data. Willgive good ex-
change in Stuffed Birds, Mammals and Indian
Relics. THADDEUS SURBER, White Sul-

phur Springs, W. Va.

TO EXCHANGH.—An Army Musket made
over into a Breech-loading shot-gun, will ex-
change for best offer of Birds’ Eggs. No ‘pos-
tals answered. ©. J. TIFFANY, Arcadia,
Wayne Co., N. Y.

TO EXCHANGE.-— The following eggs mark-
ed according to Lattin’s checking list. 30a—32
— 71—192 -212—286— 289a— 294a— 378— 378b— 476.
Make offer for the same. H. B. HUSTON,
Lakeland, Ky.

WANTED.—22, 38, 44 cal. repeating rifies,, 20
bore collecting gun, Hopkins and Allen pre-
ferred, also sporting goods. Will pay cash or
give first class rare sets. HARRY B. SAR-
GENT, Prospect House, Niagara Falls, N. Y.

I HAVE to exchange moths, butterflies co-
coons. pups and birds’ eggs for live cocoons
of Samtas-Ceanoti, Gloverli, Proniethea, Anguli-
fera, Columbia, Cecropia, Anthereas, Polyphe-
mus, Actias Luna; live pwpe oft Sphinges
and butterflies or birds’ eggs in first class sets
with data. All letters answered. ORA W.
KNIGHT, care G. W. Knight, Bangor, Maine.

TO BXCHAMGE —First class sets with data.
16 1-1. 30a, 1-1; 120c¢ 1-3, 1-4; 221 1-7; 343 1-4; 378 1-4;
431 1-2: 499 1-3, 1-4; Sid 1-3: and 758 1-3, 1-4. Will
give $5 in fine sets for good taxidermists’ out-
fit. Ialso want a fine set of 704, 705, 755, 761 and
766. Anyone having part or all write at once.
Good value given. For every set of eggs with
data, listod at 5c. or over I will send a first
ciass 120c single (with data if desired). All
answered. C. BARLOW, Santa Clara Cal.

FOR EXCHANGE.—A collection of over 200
first class singles. 150 varieties, value over $50.
Will exchange for. Hawk’s and Owl’s eggs in
sets. two dollars’ worth of singles for one dol-
larin sets. Or will sell entire collection for
$10. Contains such eggs as 128. 315, 404, 411,
420¢,459, 530a, 583,590, 807, 629b, 648,701, 738. Send
for list, stating what you have to exchauge.
Also have some fine sets for sale or exchange,
including Mississippi’ and White-tailed Kites.
W. B. PORTER, 224 So. Oakley Ave, Chicago,
mE

ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs should
be and with ‘‘Lattin’’ must be based on the pric-
es given in the New “Standard Catalogue.”

RARE & beautiful foreign eggs for exchange,
Black-throated Loon %, Red-throated Loon
1-2, Cinereus Crane 1-2, Numidian Crane 1-2,Pin-
tail Sand-Grouse 1-3, Great Bustard 1-21-3, Gray
Sea-Eagle 1-2 1-3, Ingrain Falcon 1-4, Egyptian
Vulture 1-2, Griffon Vulture 1-2 Night Jar 1-2,
Golden-crown Kinglet 1-10, Fire crested ae
jet 1-9, Wryneck 1-12, Barbary--Partridge 1-10,
Large-billed Puffin 1-1, Lesser Black-back Gull
1-8, Adriatic Gull 1:3, Rufous Warbler 1-5, Bar-
red Warbler 1-5, Melodia Warbler 1-5, Ostrich
1-1, Emeu 1-1, Rhea 1-1 and a large list of oth-
ers. Many American species wanted, both
common and rare. C. W. CRANDALL, Wood-
side, Queens Co., N. Y.

WANTED.—A first class Camera, size 5x7 or
5x8, Birds’ Eggs and skins in large or small
lots, Mammal skins and skulls. A Human
Skeleton in whole or part. Also a small amount
of U. S. Currency of recent date in good con-
dition, Offer for same. 60in. American Chal-
lenge Bicycle, cost $70. 48in. Express bicycle,
cost $60. Compound microscope, $15, Pair
Australian Paroquettes and new brass cage,
cost $10, Also a few Natural History books,
Birds’ Eges, Osteological Preparations and
other miscellaneous articles too numerous to
mention. Send for descriptions of the above
articles, stating what you have to offer in ex-
change. mentioning cash offer also. All let-
ters cheerfully answered. A. MOWBRAY
SEMPLE, Poynette, Wis.

A COLLECTION of stamps principally old
English and English colonial issues, would
prefer to trade in one lot. A Cross stylograph-
ic pen used only a few times. cost $1.50. A 10
ft. fishing rod with bag, brass reel fittings,
ferrule and butt piece, lance wood, spliced
tip in good condition. Ani1ft. cane rod and
bag, lance wood tip, brass ferrule in sound con,
dition. A few old foreign silver coins. A few
fine cabinet specimens of Dolomite, Calcite
(var) and Gypsum crystals. Aragonite, petrifi-
ed moss and plants. A choice lot of polished
Agate and Onyx specimens. A few Iroquois,
Tuscarora and Seneca implements and relics.
I wish to exchange above for first class eggs in
sets. No attention paid to persons not enclos-
ing lists. I wish to purchase a first class
double barrel breech loading shot gun by a
good maker, second hand in perfect order, also
a few copies of last editions ‘‘Davie’s Nests and
HKgegs,” “Coue’s Key” and “‘Ridgeway’s Manu-
al’ in good condition. HARRY SARGENT,
Prospect House, Niagara Falls, N. Y.

Examine the little rose-colored address label
on the wrapper of the OoLoGist, The number
following name denotes the time when your sub-
scription expires or has expired.

28 signifies your subscription expired June 1890.
2, ee ce ce be

Dec. ‘
COR s i: « June 1891
74 cs (a3 “ “ec Dec. “
80 ce ce se ce ce June 1892
86 Bd Of ue will expire Dec. fe
ce “ec ce +6 oy June 1893

We are desirous of straightening our subscrip-
tion books at once and trust our subscribers will
send in their subscriptions for ’92 including all
arrearages, at their earliest conveniences, the
amounts necessary to accomplish this are as
foilows:

“5681.25. ‘62”.—$1.00. ‘68”—75ce. “74”—50c.

Should you desire to discontinue your subscrip-
tion to the OoLoGist your indebtedness to us is
15 cents less than the above amounts. The fig-
ures are according to our books Sep. 15, 1892 and
renewals sent since that date have been credited
on our books, but not on the label.

THE OOLOGIST.

VOL. IX.

The Breeding Warblers of Western New York.

Ido not wish my readers to think
that I am going to say all there is to be
said on such a wide subject as this, for
Iam only going to tell what I have
found and what I think, which will
probably prove tiresome enough to you.
However I hope that some parts of it
will be of interest to you.

First I will tell what I have found.

According to the A. O. U. Classifica-
tion,the first species I found breeding is
642, Golden-winged Warbler, (Hel-
minthopila chrysoptera)

It was on the evening of the second
of June last, I had finished my day’s
work and at 7 o’clock had reached one
of my favorite haunts, two miles from
home, on the banks of Black Creek,
which flows into the Genesee River a
few miles south of Rochester.

Onthe south side of a fair sized wood is
a clearing of some ten acres, which has
grown up to underbrush of every kind
except in a few spots where it is too wet
for anything but a few willows, weeds
and grasses. This isa paradise for many
birds.

As I entered this clearing, I came to
a spot where the brush was thin and
small, and weeds grew plentifully un-
derneath. I was looking high for nests
of the Redstart, when I heard a flutter
under my feet, and looking down saw a
nest placed between the stalks of some
weeds growinginaclump. Seeing that
it contained eggs, I went away for a few
minutes and on coming back, crept
earetully up to the nest.

‘What was my delight to find myself
Within 18 inches of a Golden-wing sit-
ting on the nest. She was easily iden-
tified by the yellow crown, combined
with black throat and yellow wing bar.
After watching me a minute she left the

ALBION, N. Y., SEPT., 1892.

NO. 9

nest and went into the brush, calling
for her mate, who by the way, did not
show up.

The nest contained three eggs and
one of cowbird. On blowing I found
the eggs partly incubated, indicating a
full set.

The nest was made of dead leaves
placed crosswise one on the other to the
height of four inches, when the nest
proper was constructed on this founda-
tion; of fine grasses, inside and out.
The eggs were creamy white, spotted
sparsely, but generally distributed with
light red dots.

My next Species is No. 645, Nashville
Warbler, (Helminthophila ruficapilla.)

I was walking through a small wood

_ near here on the morning of the 8th of

June of this year, (1892) and as I was
stepping through a partly decayed brush
heap, situated near a ditch, and nearly
buried with weeds, saw a small bird
flit from under my feet and alight in a
bush near by. I thought there must be
a nest near by, so before looking for it,
I, as is my custom turned my attention
to the bird which I was glad to find was
the Nashville Warbler.

After watching her until her warning
note brought the mate, I then hunted
out the nest, which was placed in the
brush, concealed by the weeds, and was
similar in construction to the Golden-
wing’s except that the lining was of
dead rootlets instead of grasses. It con-
tained five eggs about the size of the
common Pheebe’s. They were light
cream color, spotted liberally with light
red, They were very beautiful and
made a welcome addition to my collect-
ion. On blowing, I found them slight-
ly incubated, probably three days.

The Nashville Warbler may be known
by the uniform greenish color above
with chestnut spot on the crown and

% fi

208

white beneath upper chest, ashy under

tail coverts yellowish.

My next speciesis No. 652, Yellow
Warbler, (Dendroica estiva.)

This bird is too well known to need
any extended description. In this lo-
cality they breed very commonly in
willow patches, near water, making
their nests out of the willow catkins.
They strive in many ways to cover up
the eggs of the obnoxious cowbird,
among which is their habit of building
twoor three story nests. Very often they
cover some of their own eggs as well as
the cowbirds.

In most instances where they hatch a
cowbird’s egg their own young soon
disappear to beseen nomore. In many
instances they are found on the ground
under the nest. Sometimes I can find
no trace of them. Their eggs vary in
number, from (where there are no cow-
bird’s eggs) three or usually four to
sometimes six. They are easily known
from other Warbler’s eggs by the green-
ish ground color and the bold, coarse pat-
tern of the brown markings.

Next I find on my list, No. 659, Chest-
nut-sided Warbler, (Dendroicu penn-
sylvanica.)

This bird, through from what I can
learn, it seems to be considered rather
common in some portions of Western
New York, is a rare breeder in this vi-
cinity. I have only one record and not
even seen the birds during the breeding
season in any other instance. On the
same evening that I found the nest of
the Golden-winged Warbler, (June 2d;
1892) was forcing my way through a
clump of bushes, in the same clearing
that I had noticed the starting of a nest
in some five days before, when I found
myself looking down on a nest situated
quite low, ina small bush. On looking
closely I saw a bird, which I recognized
as the Chestnut-sided Warbler, sitting
on the nest.

She did not wish to leave and staid
until I placed my hand on the edge of

THE OOLOGIST.

the nest. Then she left with a cry of
alarm which brought the male at once.

The nest was constructed almost ex-
actly like the common Chipping Spar-
row’s but was smaller. The lining was
entirely of hair and the nest was well
shaped. It was placed in the crotch of
three twigs and fastened tightly. The
eggs were three.and one of the cowbird,
incubation commenced. In color they
were cream, with a slight, greenish
tinge, spotted with umber light brown
and lavender shell marks, all gathered
in a decided wreath at the larger end;
altogether they were a beautiful set,
but I wish the Cowbird had not found
the nest as I think there would have
been four eggs, but for her.

The eggs were quite small, except Pa-
rula and Golden-wing, the smallest
warblers eggs I have.

Next on my list is No. 681, Maryland
Yellow-throat, (Geothlypt strichas.)

This species though not a very com-
mon breeder here, is occasionally seen
in suitable places. However it was not
until this present season, that I found a
nest of this bird. On the evening of
June 17th, while searching for eggs of
the Indigo Bunting, in a swamp,1+miles
north of here on the line of the N. Y.
C. R. R., I was tramping through a
patch of briers (and a very thick one
too) I heard a flutter close to the ground
and on watching intently, saw a small
bird leave the briers which from the
poorness of the light I could not make
out:

On searching underfoot I finally dis-
covered a nest firmly placed in the
canes about ten inches from the giound.
Of course on finding the nest I was de-
termined to find out what the bird was,
so I concealed myself and soon had the
pleasure of seeing both birds come back
and recognized them as Maryland Yel-
low-throats. They were very much dis-
turbed by my presence and the female
made many trips to the nest.

The nest was built almost exactly like

THE OOOLGIST. 209

the Golden-winged Warbier’s in every
particular. It contained four ineubat-
ed eggs. They were white, spotted
with lavender and various shades of red
and a few streaks of dark brown on larg-
er end.

My next is No. 683 (/cteria virens)
Yellow-breasted Chat. This bird is far
from common in this vicinity or in fact
any other place as far north. I did not
see a bird this year, and only two pairs
in ’90 and in ’91.

On the 26th of May, 1890, I found a
nest of this bird in a thicket, close to
tho edge of quite a large wood, on the
banks of Black Creek, one-half mile
from here. My attention was first at-
tracted by the noisy female in her effort
to keep a Cowbird out of her nest; and I
watched her until I was satisfied that
she could do it too.

The nest was placed in the crotch of
a small maple, about five feet from the
ground. It was made of weed stems
and grasses, lined with fine grasses and
strips of grape vine bark, and about the
size of a small Robin’s nest. 4

It was a rather large nest for the bird.
It contained one fresh egg and when I
took it the bird was extremely noisy, ex-
hibiting every sign of anger. The egg
was about the same size as the average
Cowbird’s egg, but the ground color
was clear white and the spots light red,
the whole effect being much lighter than
the Cowbird’s. There were a few lay-
ender shell marks.

This is the only nest of this species I
have found here and do not think many
breed here.

Next I have 687, American Redstart,
(Setophaga ruticilla). This bird is the
common warbler of our woods, espec-
ially common on Black Creek. Their
short trill can be heard continually in
the breeding season and, now and then,
the sharp loud notes of the male’s song
willrise and you will wonder where
the bird gets his vocal powers from.
tiExcept when the female is sitting,

‘Warblers.

they are continually on the move, and
you see the flashes of red and yellow as
they flit from tree to tree, their tails
opening and closing with their peculiar
fan-like motion, their black eyes always
on the alert for food or foe. I hardly
know which is the handsomest, the male
with his black and orange-red, or the
female in green and yellow.

The male always comes when the fe-
male ealls and is quite pugnacious,

The nests are situated, usually in the
crotch of some small straight tree,
sometimes in the upright crotch of
some limb. Always in or near woods of
some size and usually from 3 to 15 feet
from the ground, rarely higher. They
are composed of bark fibers and in two
instances, which I have observed, of
feathers. The lining is usually of fine
grasses, in three recorded instances a
few feathers being used, never hair.
They are small and neatly cupped, in
fact they are as compact as any Of our
birds’ nests. The eggs are invariablly
four if the Cowbird misses the nest
which sometimes happens. Many nests
contain from two to three of Redstart
and one or two of the Cowbird. They
are creamy, sonetimes bluish-white
(rare), spotted with reddish-brown and
lilac, sometimes evenly, sometimes in
scattered or compact wreaths.

Now for what I think but do not
know. I think that the Cerulean War-
bler and Oven-bird do breed here al-
though Ican offer no conclusive evidence
as yet. Also that the following may
possibly breed in more secluded por-
tions than I have access to: The Blue-
winged, Tenessee, Black and White,
Worm-eating, Prairie, Water-thrush,
Mourning and (rarely) the Kentucky
If this article brings to light_
any more information in regard to our
breeding Warblers, I shall feel amply

rewarded.
ErnNEsT H. SHORT,

Chili, Mon. Co., N. Y¥.

210 THE OOLOGIST.

A Tramp Through Woods and Marshes in
Kastern Iowa.

I awoke at 6.20 on the morning of the
15th of last May and after breakfasting
took my collecting box, climbers and
wading boots, and started after Geo. W.
S., who was to accompany me. He
took a 22 rifle and wading boots and we
started out.

_ After aride of about four miles on
the electric cars and a walk of two
more (which was through a marsh) we
reached a sawmill on the bank of the
Missouri River. There we met my
friend, Ike Hamilton, a young logger
and miller who was to accompany us
on our trip. We were rowed over the
river (then about a mile wide on account
of spring rise) into Iowa.

We first went to a Broad-winged
Hawk’s nest which I had seen building
or rebuilding a crow’s nest two weeks
before. When I started up the tree we
could hear the Hawks screaming and
thought a nice set of eggs was awaiting
me at the top, but we were disappoint-

ed, as the nest was just finished and no ©

eggs yet deposited.

We started north through the trees,
our destination being Lee’s woods about
nine miles away. We did not find any-
thing except a crow’s nest with five
young in, on Our way up. After about
three miles bad walking through sloughs
and woods, we reached the Pigeon
Creek which can usually be cleared at a
bound, but which was then so swollen
by recent rains that, it was about 25ft.
wide and 15ft. deep in the middle.

Our woodman companion or logger
as I called him before proposed rafting
over, and as there -were plenty of logs
at hand we started to do it. We peeled
a lot of willow bark from trees near by
and after tying two logs we rolled the
logs into the water. We took three and
pulled them side by side and tied one
logacross. After tying two long willow
‘withes, end to end, w2 fastened this im-

provised rope to the raft, so that we
could pull the raft back after one had
crossed on it.

Ike got on the raft and poled over
and I then pulled the raft back for Geo.
to go over. Geo. stepped upon the al-
ready shaky raft and it went to pieees,
George making the quickest move and
jump in ten years. (He does not often
move quick being 5ft. 5in. tall and
weighing 192lbs.)

Well, there we were; one of our par-
ty on one side of the Pigeon and George
and myself on the other. We started
down the stream to find a place to wade
but reached the Missouri river and no
ford.

Ike started up the river bank after a
boat to take us across the Pigeon but re-
turned in about an hour haying found
two boats but no oars. He had found
out however, that there was a bridge
over the creek about three miles up the
stream so up we started.

On the way up to the bridge George
shot several large Gar, and I killed one
weighing about eight pounds with a
climbing iron.

We finally arrived at the bridge and
found Ike awaiting us as he had taken a

short cut through the woods and thus

had reached there first.

It was then 8 o’clock p. m., and we
were still four miles from our objective
point which was a heronry four miles
north of Honey Creek Lake, Ia.

Our tea bottles were long since ex-
hausted and we were drinking miserable
slough water,as we were very thirsty, but
me soon reached a log cabin where a
benevolent old lady gave us some river
water to drink. That river water was
nectar to us although it was so muddy
you could almost cut it with a knife.

After resting a while we started
again and in about an hour reached the
Buoy Creek where we met an old Ger-
man fisherman who was about to start
down the river to where we came from,

We bribed him to wait for us until we

ea

THE OOLOGIST. 211

returned and then started on our tramp
to the Heronry which we soon reached.

Only a few tall trees were occupied
by the Great BlueHerons, but those few
counted, as we saw thirteen nests in one
tree and less numbers in the rest, in all
about fifty nests.

Being very tired myself, I tried to
bribe Ike to climb up toa nest which
was about 70ft. up but he said he was
very comfortable where he was, so up I
started. After a hard climb I reach the
nest and found it tu contain five large
blue eggs. Encouraged by this, I put
my hand into another nest but took it
out very quickly, (a young Heron tried
to swallow my finger.) I took several
sets of eggs but many nests were already
occupied by young birds.

The first set I found had no doubt
been left when fresh as they were cold

and as a dead female Heron was lying

under the tree no doubt that she had
been shot by some one who happened
along.

While I was packing our treasures in
the box, George shot a Turkey Vulture,
a number of which were flying high in
the air above the Heronry.

I did not know that the Buzzard bred

this far north and west and soI was
greatly surprised to find three nests,
one ina hollow log and two others in
hollow trees near by.

After packing the Buzzards’ nests we
Started back to where we had left the
fisherman, stopping only to pick a good
mess of Mushrooms which we found
very plentiful near the water.

After a ride in the boat of an hour
and a walk of another hour we reached
the motor line and sped home as fast as
electricity could carry us.

I afterwards took three eggs from
Broad-winged Hawk’s nest mentioned.

IsADOR S. TROSTLER,
Omaha, Neb.

Acadian Flycatcher.

Empidonax acadicus.

This spirited and somewhat eccentric
little Flycatcher, otherwise known as
the Little Green-crested, is said to take
up itssummer abode anywhere through-
out eastern United States, the Missis-
sippi Valley and as far west as Kansas.

Arriving in the vicinity of Baltimore
sometime inthe second week in May,
by the last of the month it is quite com-
mon in low wet woods, aloug the wood-
ed banks of slow-flowing streams, shady
mill-races, and in short any place where
there are low drooping limbs, little un-
der brush, and water, for which it
seems to have the strongest attachment
doubtless because of the fact that in-
sects generally abound in the quiet
water.

It is soon bethinking itself of a nest-
ing site which will be in one of the
places just named and very probably

_ overhanging some mill-race, even we ate

is an unused one in which the rain wat-
er stands in puddles only. By the
second week in June the first nests have
been built and in this locality about the
middle of the month it is the best time
to collect their eggs.

The nest, hung by the rim from the
extremity of a slender drooping limb
anywhere from three to eighteen feet
from the ground, is a structure of rus-
tic beauty, a bunch of oak catkins loose-
ly and rather carelessly put together
decked with spider cocoons or beach
bud-seales and lined with fine round
weed stems, or occasionally composed
almost entirely of either weed stems or
oak catkins, and measuring some three
inches in exterior diameter by two high,
interior diameter three and three-fourths
inches by one and one-fourth deep.
One nest found this season, June 15th
was composed almost entirely of fine
grasses and lined with perfectly green
seed heads of grass, giving it a very
unique appearance, and was so slightly

212

made that the eggs could easily be seen
from the under side, as is frequently
the case. The most elaborate nest we
have ever seen we found June 16, 1891,
much larger interiorly than the typical
nest, composed chiefly of the ever pres-
ent oak catkin (for I have yet to find a
nest into the composition of which this
article does not enter) embracing some
of the green leaves of the beach limbs
to which it was attached, festooned with
light brown beach bud-scales, strings of
several varieties of spider cocoons, a
few pieces of ‘‘down” from the syca-
more ball, a little bit of moss, and sev-
eral blades of grass hanging down from
the bottom about four or five inches,
which latter generally characterize the
new nests.

We have never read of but one brood
being reared by these birds, but a set of
three taken near the middle of July, ’91
would seem to indicate that there is
Sometimes a second. The nest was
hung well out on a slender maple limb
about sixteen feet from the ground by a
shady and rather quiet road and, direct-
ly over a gateway through which the
vehicles were passing several times a
day and near a low wet piece of ground.
This set taken within a few days an-
other set was laid, a set of two, the only
set comprising any other number than
three that we have ever found, though
Davie states that occasionaly four are
laid, however, one of the eggs proved to
be minus a yolk and the bird did not
set long.

The eggs averaging about .75x.55 in-
ches, having a ground color of rich
cream color, and being sparingly speck-
ed and dotted with light brown, with
the larger dots and greater number
about the larger end, they are almost
indistinguishable from those of the
Traill’s Flycatcher (Z. traillit), it is said
the nest, however, being entirely differ-

ent, the latter being placed in an up- *

right fork and built after the manner
of the Yellow Warbler (Dendroica es-
tiva.

THE OOLOGIST.

In this locality acadicus is quite com-
mon and as you are walking through
some quiet shady damp woods you are
suddenly startled by a loud, quick, em-
phatic ‘‘What-d-see What-d-see,”’ probab-
ly followed by a series of low, twitter-
ing notes, sounding as though the bird
were peevishly talking with itself, then
you see him dart by with a snap of the
bill and alight on some low limb near
by, and possibly hear another note, as
soon as he has swallowed his insect,
very much like the peet weet of -the
Spotted Sandpiper (Actitis macularia, )
which it sometimes gives vent to.

The following incident it seems to me
might be of interest to those who are
debating the question whether or not
the bird is endowed with something
more than mere instinet; a nest found
June 13, 1891 contained but two eggs
and, as it was ina place where it was
likely to be found by certain “small
fry,” we did not deem it safe to leave
them, so taking them, we substituted
two small smooth stones wrapt in paper
somewhat the same shade as the ground
color of the eggs. Visiting the nest
four days later we found that one of
the stones had been removed, the paper
taken from the other, and the third
egg laid, which we took, but undesign-
edly left the stone. Happening to be
passing the spot nine days later we no-
ticed the bird sitting on the nest, and
to our greater surprise found she was
setting on that same stone. Our cur-
iosity was aroused and we were anxious
to know how long the bird would thus sit
on this ‘‘hard cruel stone,” or if finally
she would succeed in hatching from it
a little Acadicus (for we are ever told
that patience will surely accomplish its
end), but when four days later, after
she had been setting for two weeks (no
doubt a much greater length of time
than,is required to hatch the eggs), we
found her still sitting there, our com-
passion for her prevented our carrying
our investigations any further and we

THE OOLOGIST.

tossed the stone out into the mill race.

Early in September, when the tele-
graph wires are lined with Swallows
and its cousins begin to come down

from the north, it joins them and with-.

out waiting to see the colors of Aut-
umn’s sunsets reflected on the forest
leaves it departs for the regions where
where the insects never die.
Geo. H. GRAy.
Baltimore, Md.

The Prothonotary Warbler.

This is quite acommon bird in the
bottoms along the Illinois river.

The bright cadmium yellow of the
head and neck render it easily distin-
guishable at quite a distance.

The birds may usually be seen near
the surface of the water either on drift-
wood or on the bushes.

A typical nesting ground for this
active little warbler is in a willow
swamp whichis covered with water and
contains many dead willow stubs per-
forated with woodpeckers in many pla-
ces, In some of these holes, an old
broken out one preferably, you will find
the nest. Made of moss and grass lined
with fine grass. A sharp blow or two
on the stump will usually scare the old
bird off though often she will leave be-
fore you see thenest. They willusualy
fly away asif haying no further con-
cern for the nest I never saw but one
pair ‘‘show fight” The nests are usually
so close to the water that araise ofa
foot or two will drown them out. This
I know to my sorrow as I had a large
series of nests which I was ‘“‘counting
on” when a sudden raise of about three
feet in the river covered them all.

The nesting season lasts from the last
of May till the middle of July. The
first clutch is usually deposited in the
latter part of May and first of June.

The eggs are from 4 t66 rarely 7 in
the first set and if accident befalls them
from 2 to 4in the 2nd and 38rd clutches.

They are afine glossy cream color

213

dotted and blotched with chestnut red.
There isa great variation in color-
ation. The eggs are from, .70to,.74x.52
to .58 of an inch.
The nests are nearly always over wa-
ter, in any kind of an old stump,usually

willow.
RUSSELL M. FRISBEY JR.

Sparland, Il.

Notes from Bexar Co., Texas.

March 27,1892. Found a nest of the
Caracara containing two eggs, which
were nearly hatched. The nest was a
large platform of weeds about thirty
feet from the ground in a live oak.

April 14th. Took aset of four eggs
of the Texan Woodpecker. ‘he nesting
cavity was a foot deep in the dead limb
of a hackberry tree.

April 22nd. O. A. W. and myself
found a set of two eggs of the Caracara.

The nest was made of sticks lined
with weeds and was formerly the pro-
perty of x Harris’s Hawk.

The next day in going by the nest from
which I took the first set of Caracara’s
eggs we saw a bird of the same species
leave the nest. My friend climbed to
the nest and announced two eggs which
I suppose were laid by the same bird
that laid the first set.

May 7th. Collected a set of two eggs
of the Harris’s Hawk. The nest was
made of sticks and for a lining there

was a bed of green oak leaves. —

May 20th. ‘Look a set of five eggs of
the Tufted Tit in a gate-post neara
house. The nest was nothing but Rab-
bit hair and a laige piece of snake skin.

June 4th. Found a set of Bell’s Vireo
eggs. The nest was a neat little struc-
ture composed of leaves and fine grass-
es with a few hairs interwoven and was
suspended from a small branch ina
clump of bushes. ‘:

June 10th. Found a set of two Cara-
cara’s. The nest was composed of
sticks with a few small weeds for lining,

There was.a large hole in the middie
of the nest with a few sticks laid across
it on which the eggs were laid so that
they were plainly seen from below.

A. H. W. Norton.
Bexar Co, Texas.

214

THE OOLOGIST,

A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
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FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.
Editor and Publisher.

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Se eS

How I Spent Easter Monday.
It-had been my intentions for several
years to have a good days collecting in
the early spring chiefly for Hawks as I
have had poor successin the past. This
year an opportunity offered so my bro-
ther and J started off early in the morn-
ing we had to walk well over a mile till
we came to any woods at all. We had
not got through the first woods before

THE OOLOGIST.

I noticed a nest that I knew must bea
new one on occount of the small white
feathers sticking to the lower twigs of
the nest and on the trunk of the tree. I
have observed these feathers on every
new hawks nest I[havefound. As I did
not see any birds around I could not tell
what kind it was till I was half way up
the tree when a pair of Cooper’s Hawk’s
began making their peculiar cry. The
nest was 64 feet from the ground in a
straight maple, built on the second
branch it was composed of sticks lined
with grass, leaves and green cedartwigs
it contained five eggs, three light colored
spotted with small dark spots while two
were thickly dotted with larger spots.
The next: nest was found at the bottom
of the hill, it was only reached after a
hard climb, as the tree was very thick
and two large limbs were growing out
about half way up. This proved to be
a Red-shouldered Hawk’s nest,and con-
tained three eggs, the nest was 60 1 - 2
feet from the ground, it wassmaller than
the nest of the Cooper’s Hawk, but much
the same except that it contained no
green twigs the eggs were a very pretty
set, heavily spotted and blotched with
a reddish brown color, while the shells
were covered with purple ground mark-
ings. The next nest we found about a
mile and a half.further on, it proved to
be a Red-tailed Hawk’s nest but it was |
in such a large elm tree I conld not get
to it. I climbed the tree next to it and
tried to dip the eggs out witha fish net
but I could not get high enough to see
into the nest so I only got one cracked
specimen while the other two got broken,

The one I rescued was light colored
thinly spotted with dull red spots. My
next nest was also a Red-tail, and in an
elm tree no doubt what,that tree lacked
in width it made up in height the nest
was placed as high as it was possible, in
fact at the extreme top ona limb not
over three inches in diameter it was 914
feet from the ground and rocked so
much inthe high wind that both the

THE OOLOGIST.

egos and myself had a hard time keep-
ing our places, the nest was a very poor-
ly arranged one and nearly flat, it was
composed of sticks lined with grass,
leaves and corn husks. The eggs which
were two in number were similar to the
last only smaller,by this time we were
a mile and a halffrom home, we walked
about a mile further without seeing any-
thing when I found a nest of the Red-
shouldered Hawk in asmall maple tree
the nest was only 37 feet from the ground
and contained three dirty looiing eggs
with very little color in fact. it could
- hardly be ealled anything but ground
markings, these differed from the others
as they were quite well advanced in in-
cubation while the others were nearly
fresh. We got home about 7.30 pm, hav-
ing taken fourteen eggs-thirteen first
class and one second class egg, which is
considered a very good haul around
here. ;

J. KE. HOUSEMAN,
Aylmer Ont.

A California Collecting Ground.

I have read with pleasure the accounts
of collecting trips recorded in the O6Lo-
Gistand, thinking that other of your
readers might be interested in such ar-
ticles, I have decided to give a descrip-
tion of my favorite collecting ground.

The place spoken of is a canon about
’ three miles from town, among the nu-
merous foothills which surround the
valley. It is about four miles long and
although nowhere very steep, contains
many large boulders and rocks and at
places its sides are quite steep. The
trees are mostly button-wood, or syca-
more, with willow and water-mootic a-
long the bottom where there flows a
small dirty stream of water. There are

also a large number of sunflower bushes °

in which a great many nests may be
found i

As the canon contains many points of
interest, interesting to one’ who has

215,

collected there at least, we will enter at
the lower end and pass up the canon.
For the first half of a mile it is quite
broad and the ground is coverod with a.
thick growth of grass and clover. There
are no trees here with the exception of
willows, but the large sunflower bushes
furnish nesting placesfor the humming-
birds, the nests being placed among the.
dead leaves and therefore hard to find.

Here too is an old stump surrounded
by sprouts where a Road-runner had
her nest last April.

As we pass along, the sycamores grow
more abundant and here is the home of
the Arizona Hooded Oriole. Yes, here
is where Mr. Wilber and I took a beau-
tiful set of five. The nest was placed
eighteen feet from the ground among
the branches of a slender sycamore and
was composed of long, partially dried
grasses finely woven together, lined
with a small quantity of cotton. These.
birds are quite comnion as also are the.
Builock’s Oriole, both of which may be
seen with their gaudy coats gayly flit-
ing from tree to tree uttering their loud
calls or scolding us as we pass.

We now come to a good sized boulder.
with alarge opening three feet from the
ground. This is where I had taken
beautiful sets is 90 and ’91 of the Canon
Wren and this year decided to catch the
bird. So I slipped up and quietly
brought my hand down over an empty
nest. I learned afterward that another
collector had gotten ahead of me. The
nest was placed on a twelve-inch plat-
form of small sticks and composed most-
ly of fur and feathers, forming as soft
and comfortable a bed for the ‘‘chicks”
as any I have examined. The bird,
which I saw in ’91, was.a very shy little
fellow with pure white breast and red.
dish back and under parts, spotted a-
bove with whitish dots.

In a small side-canon is a large, white
stump which I once ascended to open up
what I supposed was a Flicker’s dom-
ecile. Onthe way up [had the pleasure

216

(?)of pullingMr.andMrs.Cal.ScreechOwl
off a set of four nearly incubated eggs,
and then tried for the Flicker’s hole,
which turned out to be empty, as is us-
ually the case after a hard climb.

We must hurry on so we come to a
large tree where I usually put up for
dinner as there is a small chance for
clean water at this point. In this tree
Mr. Wilbur and I took a set of Ash-
throated Flyeatcher’s in ’91, the nest be-
ing in a hollow snag twelve inches deep
and six inches in diameter, inside, and
was composed of fur and hair. I have
taken three eggs of the Sparrow Hawk
from this hollow, one of which was pure
white. Near this tree are two others
from which sets of Sparrow Hawk and
Red-shafted Flicker may be obtained,
that is, if you get there before the other
fellow. Just across from this, among
the brush, I took a nest which contained
four Road-runner eggs and three of the
Valley Partridge. The Partridge eggs
were fresh but two of the Road-runner’s
were incubated. The nest was placed
about three feet from the ground and
evidentiy built by a Road-runnezx.

In coming home I usually come by an-
other canon which runs parallel with
this one. At the head of this smaller
canon I took three nests of the Califor-
nia’ Bush ‘Tit in one day, two of which
contained six and the other five eggs.

The nests, whichowere composed of
bits of leaves and grass thickly lined
with feathers, were neatly tucked away
among the upper branches of sunflower
bushes.

Passing on down the canon we come
to a large bed of poison-oak and other
wild bushes. I was one time on my
knees under this thicket looking for a
Towhee’s nest when on raising I nearly
upset a nest of the Least Vireo. This,
as you may imagine, wasa pleasant sur-
prise as they are by no means common-
ly met with in this locality. The nest
contained three fresh eggs and was su-
spended from the horizontal crotch of

THE OOLOGIST.

a water-mootic bush. It wasa neat
structure of bits of leaves and dry split
grass, lined with a few feathers. The
eggs were clear white, when blown, with
quite numerous spots of cinnamon most-
ly near the larger end and measured;
.68x.49, .70x.49, .66x.48 inches.

Still farther down the canon there
grows a box-elder bush with a large,
bulky nest in the top, from which I fish-
ed six eggs of the Road-runner last year.

We are now near the place where we
left the horse, so, if he has not gone
home without us, we are very glad to

have his company.
H. M. Hatt,
Riverside, Cal. -

JULY CCNTEST.

Fifty-eight Judges.

Prize Winners and credits received
by each were as follows:
1. The Hummingbird in South Caro-

lina. 226
2. Birds Found Breeding in Bertie Co.,
N.C. 167
3. A Quawk Town. 152

4. A Few Notes on the Red-tailed
Hawk. 141

5. Sitta Canadensis in Montana. 950

Three other articles received from 28
to 54 eredits each.

Ten Judges named the prize winning
articles—none, however their exact or-
der.

The winners were as follows:

1. No. 6.—Tom Fluornoy, Clinton,
Ia., 1,2,4,3,5.

2. No. 22—A. W. Baylis, Cedar Rap-
ids, Ia., 1,2.4,3,5.

3. No. 26—Clifton D. Howe, Newfane,
Vt., 1,3.2,4,5.

4. No. 9—Will de la Barre, Minnea-
polis, Minn., 2,1,3,4,5.

5. No, 12--N.G. VanDeWater, Gretna,
N. Y., 2,1,3,4,5.

All prizes were mailed on Aug. 24th.

a 83. is the publication number of
22.

this OdLoeist, and it was
mailed to subscribers on Sep.

THE OOLOGIST.

Past Reminiscences.

The first impression made upon ones
memory by ornithological discoveries
are very apt to prove most lasting.

Time will not erase these impress-
ions that have been so vividly made
and it is but an easy task to recall every
connected detail. Thus as I cast my eyes
over the pages of my note-book, I can
easily recall the circumstances inscribed
therein.

It seems as but yesterday, when I
was strolling along the bank of that
little creek, I saw my first Scissor-tailed
Flycatcher. It was sitting ona small
willow bush, pluming its bright, beau-
tiful feathers, and I watched it until it
took wing and flew away. Its beauty
was enhanced as I realized its rarety at
this. latitude.

That first Crow’s nest is still fresh in
my memory too. How my old friend,
Frank, and Isaw the nest in an oak ona
distant hill. How eagerly he climbed the
tall tree and after looking into the: nest,
ealled out in an excited tone, ‘‘Oh Billy,
two eggs.” Then I too had to climb
that tree and see those eggs in the nest.
_ With what pleasure it gave me to
pack those then precious eggs I shall
never forget.

In a small tray in my cabinet, repos-
ing on the softest of cotton, isa set of
eggs of the Prairie Warbler marred by
the addition of one of the Cowbird.

Who would have thought that such a
dainty nest and eggs would have heen
found in adusty field. Having occasion
to cross this field, I passed through a
few hazel bushes, and there in one
small bush I espied the nest. How very
dainty the warbler’s eggs looked beside
that of the Cowbird. What cared Lif
it was nearly dark and I ten miles from
home?

Then there are those four delicate
white eggs finely speckled. What are
they? Why they are those of the Bell’s
Vireo, found one hot afternoon in an
exceedingly large pasture covered with

217

hazel brush. Were they easily found?

I should say not, forit seems as
though I crawled over the whole pas-
ture on my hands and knees hunting
for the nest but without success, and
then as I was starting for home I fell
headlong over a stump, right in front
of it. Odd, wasn’t it?

In the next tray to this set are the
eggs ofa near relative, the Yellow-
throated Vireo, found under peculiar
circumstances. A find that I will not
soon forget was that ofa Blue-gray
Gnateatcher. True, it was not found
by myself but I was there when it was
taken. A nest so delicate and beauti-
ful in construction cannot help but ex-
cite the enthusiasm of a collector.

My acquaintance with the Loon was
made at its home in the north. I was
staying for a few days ata beautiful
northern lake, one summer not long
ago, and one cloudy night my curiosity
was aroused bya weird cry coming
from the lake. I could not place it as I
had never heard the like before, but I
was soon informed. Asking a native
about it I received a reply, ‘‘them’s
Loons”.

Does not every one remember his first

duck hunt? I can very well, and can

imagine that Iam there at this very
moment right in the midst of the Blue-
bills, Coots and hosts of others. What
a delightful experience it is to be out
on a lake in the early morn among the
water fowl, before old Sol shows his
face.

Early attempts at taxidermy are not
soon to be forgotton, and mine are al-
ways flashed to my mind whenever I
see a Blue Jay. The Jay was the vic-
tim when I started out for a subject to
commence on, but when J had finished,
he looked no more like a Jay.

Methinks I taste frogs legs when I
look at those Red-wing’s eggs, and can
see and hear the sun-fish jumping in
yon smalllake: In future years, what
comfort we shall take in reviewing our

218

journals, filled with numerous adven-
tures, finds and past experiences, that
have been recorded while we were

young and lusty for

“When Time, who steals our years away,
Shall steal our pleasures too,

The mem’ry of the past will stay
And half our joys renew.”’

W. E. Loucks.
Peoria Ils.

Meeting of W. N. Y. Naturalists Association.

The meeting as given out out in Aug.
number will take place at Brockport, N.
Y., Thursday Oct. 6th, 1892, in Republic
Hall, 82 Main St. Business meeting
2.30 p. m., Public meeting at 8 p. m., at

which exhibits of different specimens ~

will be made, and_ several original arti-
cles read. Allinterested in natural his-
tory are cordially invited to attend.
EK. H. SHORT, Pres.
T. R. Tayior, Sec.

World’s Fair Notes.

‘Carl Hagenbeck, the celebrated Ger-
man collector and tamer of wild animals
is in Chicago to arrange for the exten-
sive zoological exhibit which he will
make in Midway Plaisance at the
World’s Fair. He will exhibit lions, ti-
gers, panthers, leopards, bears, monkeys
ete., in great numbers, and will show
the largest “happy family” ever seen.

The World’s Fair Commission is en-
deavoring to locate twelve of the larg-
est trees in the State of New York. Up
to the present time only two notably
large trees have been found. If this
item attracts the notice of anyone who
owns, or knows of a tree of unusual
size, and the person will communicate
with George T. Smith, No. 9, Niagara
Street, Bufialo, N. Y., giving the ,ap-
proximate size of the tree, the favor
will be appreciated by the World’s
Fair Commissioners.

Owing to the illness of our mailing
clerk the credit number on address
label of this month’s OdLOGIsT has not
been corrected. The proper number
showing when your subscription ex-
pires or has expired will be given on
the wrapper of next month’s issue.

THE OOLOGIST.

Prizes for Best Articles.

We have decided to give our patrons,
each month, five prizes. These prizes
are to be awarded tothe five best arti-
cles appearing in the O6LOGIsT in which
the offers are made.

For the five articles in this (Sep.) O6L-
OGIsT which are the most instructive,
valuable and interesting we shall give
as follows:

ist prize—A Partof Maynard’s Birds
of Eastern North America, bound in
boards and leather.

2nd prize—Davie’s Key to the Nests
and Eggs of N. A. Birds in cloth.

3d prize—Same as 2d prize, in paper.

4th prize—Vol. 1 (84-’85) Youne OoL-
OGIST, bound in cloth.

5th prize—Vol. III and IV (’86-’87)
THE O6LOGIsT, bound in cloth.

For the Sept. competition we will
give a similiar set of prizes.

The articles entering into competition
must contain at least one hundred
words and we prefer that they do not
exceed seven hundred words, unless

they fairly teem with very, very inter- -

esting facts or happenings—Remember
that ‘fancies,” ‘‘rehashes,” ‘‘Sparrow
stories” and articles of similiar nature
are not solicited and will rarely be
found ‘‘available.”

THE JUDGES: You have been’ se-
lected to act as one of the Judges in
these Prize article contests, and your
decision must be promptly and fairly
given.

Your decision for this month’s com-
petition must be mailed us not later
than Oct. 15th. Write on baek of 2
postal card the articles which yow have
decided to be the most valuable, tnstruc-
tive and interesting in this number of
O6LOGIST and mail to us. Number the
articles in the order which you think
the prizes should be awarded. .

We also give our Judges five prizes,
one to each of the five whose decisions
are nearest the final award of prizes and

- in this months competition the Judgs

whose list of five articles is the nearest

the awarded list, we will give a copy of.

Davie’s Key to the Nest and Eggs of N.
A. Birds, paper. 2d and 3d each a
Book relating to Natural History, ele-
gantly bound in cloth and gilt. 4th
and 5th each a set of Noddy. In ease
of a tie, the earlist mailed list takes the
prize. Address
FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

THE OOLOGIST.

At Chicago the exhibit will be divided
into fifteen groups. It will occupy a
room 88x60 feet and the entire floor
Space is to be built up to represent a
natural landscape, with rocks, grass,
cacti, willows, quaking asp and natural
fir and evergreen trees. On each side
of the wing will be built a tall cliff and
in between a valley with a running
. stream of water, a lake and swamp.
On the back it is intended to have a
panoramic painting, continuing the ef-
fect of the scenery of the foreground
and giving distance to the scene. Each
group of animals will be placed among
surroundings imitative of their native
haunts; the moose will be seen in nat-
ural positions in the swamp; the goats
and sheep on the rocky cliffs, and the
buffalo on a buffalo grass prairie. One
feature of the exhibit will be ‘‘Com-
anche,’’ General Custer’s famous war
horse, that has been mounted by the
Professor within the last year.

What $1 will bring when sent to
Cc. L. FREEMAN, Chadron, Neb.

1’ Photograph of ‘‘Wounded Knee” Battlfield.
1 ae ‘* Burial of the Dead after Battle.
1 oe “ Beef Issue at Pine Ridge.
1 oF ‘* Chief Red Cloud or BloodyHand

Or for $2 I willsend the above collection and
i Photograph of Red Cloud’s House.
i ee * Chief Sitting Bull.
1 ee “Three Hostile Chiefs.
1 Pair of genuine Sioux moccasins.

Catalogue of Indian Relics and Photographs
sent for 2 cent stamp. C.l. FREEMAN. Je%t

ALLIGATOR EGGS wanted in hundred or
thousand lots. Must be first-class, side blown.
Write stating quantity you can furnish. with
cash or exchange price. I would also likeafew
hundred snake eggs. FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

GO0OOOOSHOODLOOHSHHSHOHHHOHOOOOHOOOO

HE RIPANS TABULES regulate the stomach,
liver and bowels, purify the blood, are pleas-
ant to take, safe and alwayseftectual. Areliable
remedy for Biliousness, Blotches on the Face,
Bricht’s Disease, Catarrh, Colic, Constipation,
Chronic Diarrhoea, Chronic Liver Trouble, Dia-
betes, Disordered Stomach, Dizziness, Dysentery,
Dyspepsia, Eezema, Flatulence, Female Com-
laints, Foul Breath, Headache, Heartburn, Hives,
aundice, Kidney Complaints, Liver Troubles,
Loss of Appetite, Mental Depression, Nausea,
Nettle Rash,5 : Painful Diges-
tion, Pimples, } Rush of Blood
to the Head,} Sallow Com-
lexion, Salty Rheum, Scald
ead, Scrof-} ula, Sick Head-
ache, Skin Dis- eases,Sour
i Feeling ,Torpid
Water Brash
er symptom
results from
impure blood or a failure in the proper performs
ance of their functions by the stomach, liver and
intestines. Persons given to over-eating are ben-
efited by taking one tabule after each meal. A
continued use of the Ripans Tabules is the surest
cure for obstinate constipation. They contain
nothing that can be injurious to the most deli-
eate. 1 gross $2, 1-2 gross $1.25, 1-4 gross 75c.,
1-24 gross 15 cents. Sent by mail postage paid.
Address THE RIPANS CHEMICAL COMPANY,
P. O. Box 672, New York,

00809 0980000000906000000090000000

0006060809006000008000800060000009006
BOO0OOO0G09S99OGO08S608O89908S880006000

- 219

400 yarreries or stamps $1.00
Duplicates can be returned.
AN UNUSUAL OFFER

W. BP. GRRANY,

827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL,
Catalogue for stamp.

ie CU TS.

An illustrated price-list of Electrotypes of
Birds sent free. Just the thing to use on your
letter heads, circulars, etc. Hngraving to os
der. H. A. CARHART, Syracuse, N. Y.

Bird & Mammal Skins and Eggs

All specimens carefully prepared and
with full data.

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.

Ks" Price List for Stamp.
THADDEUS SURBER,
White Sulphur Springs, W. Va.

CARR'S NATURAL HISTORY STORE,

Sea Shells, Corals, Minerals, Bird Skins and
Eggs, Curios, Supplies for Taxidermists, Hnto-
mologests, Botanists and Oologists. Taxid-
ermy in all Branches of the art. Goldfish and
aquarums.

Jebt

40 page Illustrated Catalogue for 2c stamp.
Cc. F. CARR

Madison, Wis.

Excursion Club to Attend the World’s Fair.

If you have any desire to visit the
World’s Fair at Chicago, bear in mind
that the United World’s Exposition Co,
is a sound organization, with ample
capital to fulfil their promises. The
company sells tickets on the installment
plan, retunding all but first payment if
you fail to go, apply to United World’s
Fair Exposition Co., N. E. Dep’t, 406
Exchange B’ld’g, Boston, Mass.

220

JUST OUT!

THE OOLOGIST.

JULY: 92

The Standard Catalogue

——0F——

North American Birds

—COMPILED BY—,

Ms

FRANK H. LATTIN

—ASSISTED BY—

Capt. Chas. E. Bendire, J. Parker Norris, Esq,, and
Capt. B. F. Goss.

It gives the Common and Scientific name of every North American
Bird according to the A. O. U. Nomenclature. It also givesthe A. O.
U. Numbers as well as those of both Coues’ and Ridgeway, and last but
not least it gives the value of eggs of nearly every species, over one hun-
dred of which never appeared on any printed list before.

It is not a personal catalogue of any one Dealer or Collector, as there
is not a Collector in the entire World who has or could furnish all the
species whose values are given, and there is not a Dealer who could fur-
nish over, from 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced.

The Catalogue is printed on extra quality of paper and contains 53
pages, size 34x54 in.

Price 35 cents per copy. 3 copies for $1.00.

TESTIMONIALS.

«Tt is very neat and will prove a great con-
venience to collectors as a Standard of value.” —
J. PARKER NORRIS.

«Tn nearly all cases the prices given are about
erat they should be.”- CAPT. CHAS. E. BEN-
E.

“Tt’s a little dandy, best I ever saw, have
looked it all over very carefully and think you
have the prices well regulated.” —K. B. HE
Chicago.

WANTED.—2d hand copies of either ‘‘Coues’

«Am immensely pleased with it, the prices
are equitably compiled,”—‘J. M. W.”) C. L
RAWSON), Norwich, Conn.

Key” or ‘‘Ridgway’s Manual’’ will gtve cash or

exchange. Write stating condition, edition,

and best terms. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion,
Y.

reheat

2
SECON EEE ere ee oan te

fsxayeRayexay cay)
Monthly.

VOL. IX.

» Oona
» Mba
ESS Z|

(eye esl 4D SAVERS TOM AONT/GWHOl Lala cea CRATER

ALBION, N. Y., OCT., 1892.

Rata soeaeeses

Ere trey Cll

XR

2
é
Lo
“é

VO BOA AEE ire...
(5 50c. per Year. ‘cs

Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.

Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales.” inserted in this department

for 50c per 35 words.

Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional

word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. Terms, cash with order.
Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates.
“DBALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only,
Exchange Cards and Coupons (Subscription) will be accepted for “Wants” and ‘‘Hxchanges” only

and accor ding to conditions stated thereon.

ALL future transactionsin Birds Eggs should
be and with ‘‘Lattin” mst be based on the pric-
es given in the ‘‘New Standard Catalogue.”

ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs should
be and with ‘‘Lattin” must be based on the pric-
es given in the New “Standard Catalogue.”

TO EXCHANGE. -First class eggs in sets
to exchange for same. Sendtlists. W.A.OLD-
FIELD, Port Sanilac, Mich.

FIRST CLASS singles, and sets with origi-
nal nests, to exchange for sets with original
nests. many common ones wanted. Write. C.
S. BUTTERS, 69 Merrimack St., Haverhill,
Mass.

FOR SALE.—Bald Eagle 18 months old ffrst
class condition and healthy; price ten dollars.
A. J. MILLER, Frankfort, Ind.

TO EXCHANGE:—Forty ‘Once a Week,”
newspapers and forty “Once a Week” library
books, for eggs in’singles which I have not got.
WILLIE ALLEN, Lock Box !, Medina, N. Y.

FOR SALE or exchange:—Compound micro-
scope Acme No. 5, two eye-pieces; two objec-
tives; power ¥5- 500 diameters; clear field; near-
ly new. Write for particulars. W. T. SHAW,
Bozeman. Mont.

EXCHANGE :—Nicely stuffed specimens A.
O. U. 194, 201, 390. without stands. Also one
first class Skin of No. J44 and two of 20!.
Make offers. MYRON J. PARSONS, Mt. Tom,

ass.

IT HAVE Ist class sets to exchange for same.
and Ist class skins. Send lists). HDWARD
WALL,Box 473,SanBernardno, California.

WILD MEXICAN POTATOHS:—In lots of
50 to exchange for eggs. shells, Indian relics,
curios and minerals. Make offers. A. R. OG-
DEN, Brocton, N. Y.

gS ‘COLLECTION of stamps valued at $10.00.
Would liks to exchange for camera or kodak
or ~ellfor value. Write to C. C. RENSHAW,
Boyce, Va.

WILL EXCHANGE copies (new) life of
Cleveland for books. on Oology and Ornitholo-
Ph preferred. A fewegegs to exchange. GEO.

M. COULTER, Baileyville, Kan.

WANTED:—A pair of opera glasses and Ind-
jan relics. Will give foreign and United
States stamps. books and papers for them.
Send for list E.T. JOHNSON, 104 Coert St.,
Memphis,Tenn.

WANTED.—Good opera or field glass, also
boxing gloves. JAMES E. MALLORY, Bald-
win, Kan. ‘

TO EXCHANGEH.—Fossilis and minerals to
exchange for same or deer. elk and buffalo
horns in rough. also good exchanges given for
microscope or opera glasses. MORTON CUL-
VER. La Salle, Mls.

NOTICE.—On account of my going abroad I
offer my collection ot Mounted Birds, skins,
eggs, minerals ete. for sale at bottom prices.
Send for list. Allmustgo. D. FRANK KEL-
LER, Reading, Pa.

I HAVE a number of m
magazines, minerals, fossi
eyes for mounted birds, c
To exchange for birds’ eges.
all answered. R.C. WOODHOUSE. 133. West
93 St., New York City.

MRS. JAS. BE. TANNER, 17 Lincoln Av:;.,
Coruland, N. Y. has a glass shade cone 20 in.
tall by 12 in. wide, that ste would like to dis-
Boe a for best offer. A local purcheser pre-

erred.

EXCHANGE.— Insects, Cocoons, Belestoma
Grandis (gigantic water bug) and many others,
in large or small quantities for sale or to ex-
change for coleoptera. books. curios etc. PAUL
VAN RIPER, Curators St., Joe Valley Chapter
A. A.,Niles, Mich.

VOR SALE or excnange:—Complete blow-
pipe analysis outfit, including chemical rea-
gents and books to enable one to readily name
any animal; complete in ch rry stained case.
Write for particulars. WM. B. FRANKE,
Bozeman, Montana.

222 THE OOLOGIST.

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued.

ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs should
be and with “Lattin” must be based on the pric-
es given in the New “Standard Catalague.”’

WANTED.—To sell or trade a $7.00 collection
of fossils and curiosities. Also, Hvogrya ariet-
na fossils, under 10, 10c. each; over 10, 7¢. each;
over 20, 5c. each. Any quantity. For next 30
days only. WILLIAM M. THORNTON, 1501
Colorado St, Austin, Texas.

COLLECTORS:—I have faney pigeons, tri-
pod camera, stamps, 600 U. S. and foreign
coins, taxidermist’s instruments, butterflies
and bugs, for sale or exchange. Will exchange
for geological specimens, 1st class eggs, Indian
relics and arrow points, will give 100 for-
eign stamps for every mineral or arrow point
sentme. All letters answered. Correspon-
dence invited. V. FEF. MUELLER, 346 Ninth
Street, Milwaukee. Wis.

WANTED.—Couss’ Key, flexible binding pre-
ferred, also any other standard works on
American ornithology. State condition and
edition. Will give cash. All answered. N.
G. BUXTON, Encina Hall, L. S. J. U., Palo
' Alto, Cal.

SETS of Common and King Hider Duck's
ezes for butterflies. Correspondence solicited
with lepidopterists. especially from the West,
South and Northwest. Perfect specimens only.
LEVI W. MHNGHL. R3ading, Penna.

FOR EXCHANGH.—New self-inking press,
100 Agricultural, School Smithsonian, Geologi-
cal (all states)reports and statistics,very cheap,
jand corals, Cigarette pictures, new Striking
bag (Spaulding), ™ndian clubs, etc. etc. Want-
ed, Indian relics. eggs and curiosities. JOHN
W.MYKRANTZ, Ashland, Ohio.

FOR EXCAANGE.—1 pair gray squirrels and
cage, alsoa few volumes of Natural History
papers for first class bird skins and eggs in
sets. ARTHUR W. BROCKWAY, Hadlynie,
Conn.

ON APPROVAL.—Arrowpoints sent on ap-
proval. Send reference and receive assort-
ment for selection. WMossils—10 varieties for 50
cts. or 18 for $1.00. H. E. BROCK, Mason City,
Towa.

I HAVE a quantity of petrified wood from
the petrified forest of Colorado, to exchange
for curios and U. S. Fractional Currency in
good condition. W1LL D.WALTMAN,18 South
Wahsatch Ave., Colorado Springs, Col.

FINE SPECIMENS of Chalehdony, also
sample copies of Oological papers to exchange
for Ist class sets, or sets for sets. PERCY G.
BOURNE. 130 Merrimack St., Haverhil] Mass.

I HAVE to exchange several volumes of the
Argosy. Golden Days, Golden Hours and Good
News for the best offer of Natural History
specimens or curiosities. Write for particu-

lars. ORA W. KNIGHT, Bangor, Maine.
WANTED IMMEDIATELY :—Live birds.

such as canaries, fancy pigeons and especially
quail and partridge: also small animals such
as squirr3'3, ferrets. weas2lsriddits etce.; also
eges in first class sets, moths. butterflies and
live coccoons, for which we offer eggs in first
Class sets and singles, moths, butterflies and
live coccoons and for exceptionally good offers,
cash. All lettersanswered. ORA W. KNIGHT
or R. A. POMROY, Bangor, Maine.

ALL future t-ansactions in Birds Fggs should
be and with ‘‘La'‘tin”’ must be ba-ed on the pric-
es given in the New “Standard Catalogue.”

ALLIGATOR EGGS wanted in hundred or
thousand lots. Must be first-class, side blown.
Write stating quantity you can furnish. with
cash or exchange price. I would also likeafew
hundred snake eggs. FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

GOOD FOREIGN and U. S. stamps to ex-
change for same, or foreggs. A printing press
and outfit, and bicycle for sale. D. TODD
MAY, East Akron, O.

LOOK.—t have a 38 cal. shot gun, for collect-
ing. also one hundred brass shells and one wad
cutter and recapper for it. A ‘‘Coues’ Key to
N. A. Birds” latest edition, nearly hew. Mount-
ed deer head, woodchuck, grey squirrel, pin-
tail and lesser scanp duck. Over one hundred
and fifty first class bird skins. Will sell above
goods for cash, cheap, and will exchange for a
pair of fine canaries, or a fine field glass or tel-
escope. Write for list of skins. All letters
answered. W.R. BIRD, Mason City, Iowa.

NOTICEH.—I have a nice list of fine first-class
sets With full data, which I am desirous of ex-
changing for same. Collectors desiring to ex-
change please send list and receive mine.

L. J. DRENNAN, New Sharon, Iowa.

Ornithological Books, Papevs, Bench and
Hand Vices. Sealpels. Spring Forceps, etc., to
exchange for Painters or Carpenters tools or
books. W. INGRAM, Odin, Ill.

FOR EXCHANGE.—Sets 373 1-5 1-4 3-3, 325
2-2, 337 1-8 3-2 1-1, 368 1-2, 731 1-7, 610 2-4, 400 14.
394 1-4, 289 1-4 and many others as dsirable.
Send list and recive ours. WILLIAMSON &
CHADWICK, Loring, Kansas. 3

WILL SELL as pets, 3 tame coons 5 months
old, one male and two females. Taken when
very young. Perfectly tame. Can handle.
Price $15. CLIFTON D. HOWE, Newfane, Vt.

WANTED. Insects, mounted birds and
mammals, minerals, fossils, eggs and shells can
offer for same Breech Loading Air Rifle. pam-
phlets, minerals, curios, 22 cal. Double Action
Revolver and eggs) W. F. MOUNTAIN, 368
William St. East Orange, N. J.

FOR EXCHANGE.—A silver plated B fiat
cornet with gold plated mouth piece. Exchange
value $75. Also a Flobert Rifle and a collection
of single eggs, 250 different kimds. Will ex-
change the above for first-class mounted birds.
Any one sending lists of birds, please state sex.
HE. lL. HALEY, Box 214, Phillips, Maine.

I will give specimens of any kind, advertising
space in the OOLOGIST, and for extra good
offers anything I offer for Sale or possibly CASH
for first-class Indian Relies, or for new or 2d
hand books in Natural History. in good con-
dition, ornithology or oology preferred—a set
of the ‘‘Natural History of New York”: and
copies of ‘‘Coues’ Key” especially desired.
FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y.

I HAVE ‘Footprints of the World’s History.’
new, cloth bound, cost $3., to exchange for good
pair of climbing irons. L.C. BLANTON, New-
berry, S. C.

WANTED.—2d hand copies of either *Coues’
Key” or Ridgway’s Manual’’ will give cash or
exchange. Write stating condition. edition,
and best terms. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion,

0 who

7

THE OOLOGIST.

VOL. IX.

ALBION, N. Y., OCT.,

1892. NO. 10

The History and Mystery of Jacob Potter, Jr.

“Jake” was a young Barred Owl who
lived a short but eventful life at the
nome of Wm. C. Coomles, in Clement
Co., Ohio.

On the 9th of May, a gentleman, Mr.
Jacob Potter, while hunting in a piece
of wet woodland deseribed in ‘‘Notes
from Southwestern Ohio” in the March,
92 ObLOGIST, Hushed an owl from a
hollow beech, near which a small
Barred Owl had been killed, two days
before. He fired at it, as it left the hole
but secured nothing but feathers.

The writer was visiting at that time.
at the home of the above mentioned W,
C. Coomles, and being informed of the
occurrence by Mr. Potter, went with
him and Mr. Coomles’s two sons to the
tree. It was a large beech, with a long
slit in the south side, about fifteen feet
from the ground. The writer immedi-
ately ascended, and found tucked ina
corner of the hole,
rather mass of grey and brown down,
and brown eyes aud blue pupils. He
was lifted out, and asit was a rathe
long drop, his feet were tied to the end
of a long neck-tie, and thus, snapping
and hissing, he was lowered to the hands
of the persons below.

After sitting ina hat at the base of a
tree while other holes were investigated
for the old bird, he was taken home,
and placed in an artiffcial nest on a bar-
rel top, with two young Red-tails, taken
two days before.

Here his baby eyes and steady gaze,
his downy covering and fuzzy feet soon
won the affection of all who saw him;
and he was more petted than were the
Hawks.

He soon began, when hungry, to utter
along, strained-out ‘‘squee,” strongly
emphasised at the end. Afterward

a curious ball, or .

when hungry, this was repeated so con-
tinually as to be quite annoying.

His primaries, when he was taken,
were half an inch long. After eating
about his weight daily of all manner of
flesh till the 13th of May, he began to
be conscious of their size, and would
often stand on the edge of the barrel
and flap his wings vigorously. I have
neglected to mention the fact, that from
the day he wasplaced in the barrel until.
our acquaintance with him ceased, he
had a way of twisting his head, or rath-
er turning an invisible crank with it,
now one way and now the other, ina
most ludicrous manner, when looking
at objects, aud this was kept up until
his history closed.

A few days after the 18th, he was
placed on the floor a few times daily,
where he would drink and wade ina
pan, and runand jump around, flapping
his wings, in an edeavor to fly; and
soon grew courageous enough to jump
and sail from the barrel. Then he
climbed upon an old hammock, and go-
ing to the highest part, stared and
“squeed” for hours.

It was at this time that I closed my
visit; but full accounts were sent me of
his doings.

A day or two after Ileft, he was found
sitting on top of the stove-pipe, where
it entered the wall, and then he ven-
tured out-doors, and was immediately
surrounded bya noisy crowd of martins
robins, cat-birds, ete., who made him
twist and stare, but did not hurt him,
and he took up his abode in a large ma-
ple near the house.

Here he stayed for several dese and re-
fused to come down, and my cousin was
eompelled to carry his food up to him :
but growing tired of this, and quit, and
at length Jake, very hungry, appeared

224

at the woodshed and received his break-
fast, and continued to do so afterward.

One evening as Jake sat in his tree, a
Sereech Owl attacked him and had
quite a battle; Jake being at this time
about twice the size of a Screech Owl,
but stilla mere baby. The battle was
decided.a draw, and the Screech Owl
withdrew, but appeared the next even-
ing, and, after a desperate battle in air,
they fell crashing throughthe branches.

All was then silent; my cousin called,
“Oh, Jake, where are you?” ‘‘Squee,
squee, squee” came out from the dark-
ness, and the Screech Owl, after screech-
ing around awhile, left in disgust.

Jake now grew friendly, and took to
riding about on people’s heads, and to
playing with the yellow dog, dragging
his wings on the ground and rushing at
him, while the dog enjoyed it as much
as Jake.

Jake about this time began to drop
suddenly upon persons’ heads, and find-
ing that young ladies and children
screamed at his approach, he became
quite troublesome. and delighted to ap-
pear at unexpected times and to fright-
en them as much as possible. He also
attacked a small chicken, and devoured
it, when unusually hungry.

This was the early part of Jake’s_ his-
tory. Now comes the mystery. One
day in September, Jake, after having
gone hungry for several days, turned
up missing. He was not heard of for
two weeks, and then he was heard hoot-
iug, by afarmer, who was well acquaint-
with him. The farmer called him and
he came a lit onastump, and twisted
his head at him, and, after further call-
ing, flew up and knocked off the farm-
er’s hat and then left.

That was in September.

One day in December, my cousin be-
ing in a neighboring village, heard an
old gentleman telling about an incident
which occurred on his farm, then occu-
pied by a tenant.

Some time in October his chickens

THE OOLOGIST.

disappeared, one by one, until twenty
were killed. He (the tenant) was much
puzzled, and at a loss to account for
their disappearance, till one daya large
owl appeared in the yard, and flew at a
little girl, and on the farmers attacking
it with a club, it torea hole in his ear. _
The next day it appeared again, and
was promptly shot by the angered far-
mer ;
We have no means of knowing toa
certainty that this was Jake, but think
from his actions and the direction of his
travels that it must have been him. Al-
though he possessed many faults, his
owners still remember him with kindly
sorrow, and desire to pass a tribute to
his memory, in this article, which, un-
fortunately, has been written in so pro-

lix a manner thatit appears tobeina ~

condition similar to which Jake’s stom-
ach was for days at a time, namely
there is but little in it.
FaALco,
Montgomery, O.

><

A Day in the Field.

Saturday, June 11th, 1892, was one of
those days in the latterpart of spring,
which are made beautiful by a deep
blue sky overhead, green fields spangled
with butter cups and daises, and every
bush and tree filled to overflowing with
sweet songsters, whose svoices and flit-
ting forms are a never ceasing soprce of
delight to every lover of nature.

“Qld Sol” had risen Jong ago, before |
we, after packing up a slight luncheon
and donning our old clothes, made a =
‘‘bee line” for the nearest woods. x

Our ears, while walking through the

charming bit of woodland, were contin-

ually saluted with the songs of Red- 7
starts, Black and White Warblers, Oven- q
birds, Grosbeaks, Scarlet Tanagers, and ©
Wilson’s Thrushes; while apparently
far off in the distance someone is heard
calling “Bob White, Bob White,” and
immediately overhead, from the throat ~

THE OOLOGIST. 225

of a Quaker clad little fellow, who sits
with drooping wings and tail, comes the
plaintive notes of pe-a-wee, pe-awee.
Our first find was a Redstart’s nest
containing twu fresh eggs, next a Wil-
son’s Thrush with four, and a Black
billed Cuckoo’s with flve eggs. Then
followed several nests of the same spe-
cies and others of like catalogue value.
‘While we were traversing a small
wooded swamp, trying all the while to
dodge the attaks of numberless mosqui-
toes, and to keep our feet from sinking
in the black and treacherous looking
mud, I caught sight of what, at first
sight, I supposed to bea Redstart’s nest
placed on the nearly horizontal branch
of an elm tree about thirty feet from
the ground on investigation the nest,
which was admirably concealed. was
found to contain four incubated eggs.
These did not look like the majority of
Redstart’s eggs which we had seen, so
on the strength that it might be some-
thing rare, we hung around for some
time to see if we could get a glimpse of
the owner. At last our patience was
rewarded by seeing a small bird slip qui-
etly on the nest. Onattempting to climb
up again she flew off and darted down
to within afew feet of us. where she
alighted on a small twig, thus giving us
ample opportunity to identify her as a
female Black-throated Green Warbler.
Leaving the nest and eggs to be col-
lected on our way home, we struck off
through the neighboring pines to an ap-
ple orchard where two weeks before a
female Ruby-throat had been seen loit-
ering among the apple blossoms. We
had advanced about half way through
the Orchard without finding anything
beyond two nests of the Red-eyed Vireo,
when our advance was suddenly check-
ed by the humming sound made by mi-
nute wings. We quietly settled down
into the deep grass and proceeded to
follow the movemenis of Mrs. Ruby-
throat. She flew about for some time,
and then alighted on a dead twig where

she proceeded to make her toilet. Af-
ter she had completed her ablutions
she suddenly left her perch, darted into
the air and after hovering over us, seem-
ingly to discover whether we had any
designs upon her home or not, she al-
most as quick as a flash, darted under
the spreading branches of an apple tree,
and after poising for the space of half a
second, settled down upon her lichen-
covered home.

Few collectors need a description of
the nest or eggs of the Ruby-throated
Hummingbird, andso I will not attempt
a description of my find, but I must say
that although I have inthe course of
my wanderings over field and wood-
lond, found several of these beautiful
fairy like structures yet the feeling of
exultation is just as strong and every
newly found nest seems to be more
beautiful than all its predecessors.

By this time we felt thoroughly satis-
tied with our days success, and although
regardless of the fact that we had not
eaten our lunch, we set out for home,
and were soon enjoying all the discom-
forts of a ‘‘cold dinner.”

On visiting the situation of the Ruby-
throat’s nest two weeks later, another
nest was discovered in the process of
construction, in the same tree and with-
in a yard of the old nest. This nest was
never fully completed, possibly on ac-
count of the heavy rains which came
the next week.

WALTER C. JONES,
Bradford, Mass.

>_< >

The Genus Thryothorus.

Thryothorus twdovicianus
Thryothorus bewicktt.

The genus Thryothorus in North
American ornithology embraces two
species, Thryothorus ludovicianus, and
Thryothorus bewickii, commonly known
as the Carolina and Bewick’s Wrens.

The habitat of the first is in the south

226

it being rare or local morth of the Ohio
river, aud is not common even in Ken-
tucky, but as you go south it becomes
more abundant, and in Louisiana it is
one of the most common birds. Here
you can hear the Carolina Wren singing
everywhere from house tops, from the
bush and briar, one bird seeming to an-
swer the other in singing.

It-is a resident in the south, and
about the beginning of March the
breeding season begins: Eggs may be
found in the latter part of March, or in
April, and as late as July, showing that
two and even three broods are raised in
aseason. The nest is placed indiscrim-
inately in houses, hedges, tin cans, gut-
ters, or anywhere. My first set for 1892
of this species was taken April 8th, the
nest being wedged between a drooping
shingle and the roof, on the inside of an
old cabin. The nest was composed of
fine and coarse grasses, corn leaves and
shucks, and leaves, and warmly lined
with feathers and horse hair.

About this time an article came out
in the O6LoGIsT referring -to the Caro-
lina Wren’s fondness for building in ar-
tificial nests such as tin cans, boxes, etc.
The writer stated that he had taken sev-
eral sets from tin cans that he had plac-
ed in various situations. I determined
to try the experiment myself, so seeing
an old milk can lying near a deserted
cabin frequented by the wrens, I put it
up, and awaited the result.

About two weeks afterward I visited
my can, and to my delight a bird flew
out, which I at once recognized as the
wren.

Putting my hand in the nest, I drew

out five pretty eggs, which subsequent-
ly proved to be fresh.
The industrious birds had completely
filled the can, a rather large one, with
the usual material, leaving only
a small cavity for the eggs.

Another set of five was taken from
behind a board nailed to a post of an
old house, and several others in similar
situations.

THE OOLOGIST.

Much has been written about the sone
of the Carolina Wren, and it surely de-
serves all that has been said about it.
Its notes are remarkably sweet and loud
for so small a bird, and in some of their
variations greatly resemble the song of
the Cardinal, though lacking in volume
and mellowness. .

The eggs of this Wren are from four
to six in number, lightly specked with
dots of reddish brown. The average
size is about .73 x.60.

The second member of the geuus, the
Bewick’s Wren is a smaller and plainer
bird than the above. Its habitat is from
the Alleghanies across the Mississippi
Valley to the plains. It is tolerably
abundant here, and IJ have fortunately
been able to observe many of its habits.
The mating season begins in
latter purt of March and eggs may be

found by the middle of April. Sometimes

they lay asecond set as I have taken
eggs as late as' July 8th.

The nest, like that of the Carolina
Wren, is built almost anywhere, but of-
ten differs in construction. Sometimes
a nest will be built like that of the Car.

’ olina Wren, but such are rare, the typi-

cal nest being of large twigs, as large
as those used by the Robin, and almost
destitute of lining. A nest such as I
have described is above the porch of our
house, and has been occupied for near-
ly ten years by a family of these Wrens.
Another nest which is exactly like the
above in construction, and has been
occupied for an equal length of time,
is on a small- shelf over the door of
an outhouse. Although people pass
within a foot of these nests all the time
the Wrens beyond scolding now and then
never seem to te disturbed and gener-
ally raise their broods in peace.

A habit [ noticed in connection with
these Wrens is similar to one possessed
by their cousins, the Long-billed Marsh
Wrens (Cistrothorus palustris); namely:
that the male, in the exuberance of the
nesting spirit, builds a small nest of his

the’

Sa Aa i a GI Rae ochre TS

THE OOLOGIST. 227

own close to that on which the female
is sitting, and thus amuses himself
while waiting for the young to hatch.
Generally he seems dissatisfied with it
and pulls it to pieces many times before
he gets it to his liking. I have noticed
this habit only with the Wrens over the
porch and in the outhouse, not having
had opportunities for observing others.

The food of this Wren is mostly of
grubs found in wood, and caterpillars,
which it gathers with great dexterity.

After the young are able to fly, they
follow their parents on a tour around
the neighboring fences, the old ones
feeding them all the while, like a family
of Vireos.

The Bewick’s Wren lays from four to
seven eggs, very similar to those of the
Carolina Wren except in point of size,
the average size of the Bewick’s Wren
being about .64x.51, the Carolina, as be-
fore stated about .78x.60.

The eggs are white spotted with red-
dish brown, forming a thin wreath at
the larger end. In comparing the two
birds we see a great many points of sim-
Uarity, the long curved bill, the bluish
line over the eye and the long, barred
tail being common to both species.

The song of the Bewick’s Wren cer-
tainly deserves attention. He isacheer-
ful songster, and in my opinion is fully
the equal of his much vaunted brother,
the Carolina Wren. He sings the whole
day long in the nesting season, and
every time he brings a worm to his pa-
tient mate, he flies toa branch of the
nearest tree, and pours forth a song of
gladness and rejoicing.

“‘THRYOTHORUS.”’

EB:

Christian Co., Ky.

The Californian Bush-Tit.

Psaltriparus minimus californicus.

Along towards the end of our check-
ing lists we come to a number 7438a, the

Californian Bush or Least Tit. During
the past season I have found, in them,
avery interesting study, often watching
them for hours as they busied themselves
in the construction of their homes.Beau-
tiful homes they aretoo. Hanging from
the extremity of some swaying live-oak
branch, rocked by the ‘breeze, and se-
cure from depredation, the home of the
Bush-Tit is indeed one to be proud of.
And fully conscious is the owner of its
value, for he always, very indiscreetly
chirps and chatters and makes a great
fuss as soon as you approach the tree
which contains his nest.

The nest is generally situated in a live-
oak tree near water, although I have
found nestsin gum, pepper aail popular
trees at some distance from the creek.
One day in March I took a walk along a
creek with a friend and we found about
a dozen nests in three or four hours.
Two were in eucalyptus trees and the
rest of them were in live oaks and the
most of them contained seven fresh eggs,
though one or two sets of six were taken
and several nests found with but one
egg in.

The birds are pretty well distributed
over the state and remain with us near-
ly allthe season. Quite frequently they
lay two sets in a season or even more -
when circumstances compel them to.
One nest that came under my obser-
vation was built in the last of February
in a pepper tree right over the sidewalk
and a set of sixeggs were taken from it,
Immediately afterwards the foolish
birds commenced Sthe construction of
another nest in the tree next to the one
in which the first had been. I thought
I would leave them rear their young in
peace this time, but some one else
thought differently and the second nest
went the way of the first.

The little fellows did not seem at all
discouraged at this however but imme-
diately repaired to a poplar tree about
20 yards distant and soon had the third
nest completed: and six eggs laid and

228 THE COLCGIST.

things were progressing finely, but alas!
like some unfortunaté then, they seem-
ed doomed and nest No. 3 followed in
the steps of its predecessors. Whether
they laid a fourth set or not I do not
know but sincerely hope if they did, that
they were left unmolested.

The nest is a beautiful structure often
being made almost entirely of willow
down with perhaps a little moss and li-
chens and a few cobwebs mixed in, and
being invariably lined with down and
small feathers, The bird itselfis one of
our smallest and plainest, the main
color being brown with alighter hue on
the under parts.

The eggis perfectly white, slightly
larger than a hummingbird’s, and some-
what conical in shape. Seyen is an
average set though they sometimes lay
but five and rarely as many as eight.

My greatest pleasure has been in
watching them in the construction of
their nests. Lying flat upon my back
under a poplar tree one afternoon, I
watched a pair that were building there
and enjoyed myself immensely for some
time. The nest, when first discovered

was about half finished and I had hard-
ly seated myself when the old birds ar-
rived. They were much troubled by
my presence, in their excitement drop-
ping the cargo of moss which they had
brought with them, hopping nervously
about from twig to twig and keeping
up an excited chatter- for some time.
But finding that I was not disposed to
remove myself, they gradually, by a
few successive hops from ‘wig to twig,
approached the nest. Finally :the fe-
male made bold to hop in at: the top
while the male left to procure more
material.

The nest now began to cut up strange
aptics, jumping up and down and sway-
ing from side to side. It was quite ey-
ident that my little friend on the inside
was exel ting herselfremarkably. Soon
her mate arrived with fresh material
in the shape ofa few small feathers

from a neighboring poultry yard, and
the two went inside and wove the featE-
ers into the bottom of the nest.

Thus they worked all the afternoon,
always busy and everuttering their low
contented chit, chit, at intervals of a few
seconds. A few days later and I re-
turned to see how things were progres-
sing, but, as I said before, alas! the
cruel hand of man had destroyed all
the labor of a few days before. I say
the hand of man, though I strongly
suspect that the hand which accom plish-
ed the work belonged to a man of very
tender years, as is too often the case.

Volumes could be written concerning
these interesting multum tn parvi, if I
may use that expression, but I refrain
from further expatiating on their merits.

STIS SRD H, Oseoop.
San Jose. Cal.

A Ramble in May.

It was a delightful May morning, a
morning when the aroma of the woods
seems to penetrate even the busy, bust-
ling city, and invite a ramble in the
mossy depths whence it comes.

Such a temptation was not to be re-
sisted. So gathering together my col-
lecting utensils, I boarded a W.S. & B.
railroad train, and was soon landed in
the pleasant little village of Frankfort
with its back ground of prettily wooded
hills.

Leaving the depot I started up the
bank of a little stream, which came
rippling down from the hills, startling
the Spotted Sandpipers, and BoyCrS
a eral of their nests.

A pair of Rough-winged Swallows
were flying up and down the stream,
and after a. vigorous search, the nest
was located in the side of the bank.
The opening to the nest was very round
and deep, somewhat similar to a King-
fisher’s burrow, which has been the ease
in all of these nests of my collecting,
and forms a distinguishing mark when —

THE OOLOGIST. 229

found in company with Sand Swallow’s
nests, which may be deep, but almost
invariably have eliptical openings.

Securing the five pure white eggs it
contained, after 2 tiresome dig, I enter-
ed a small grove where the lisping ditty
of the Redstart proclaimed the nearby
presence of a nest, refusing the inces-
sant challenge of the Maryland Yellow:
throat to ‘‘tackle me” “tackle me,” and
espied a flimsy platform of twigs, where-
on was seated a Rose-breasted Gros-
beak, called by the natives, ‘‘Red heart,”
which recalled to my mind the story of
the henpecked hubby taking care of the
children while his wife went calling.
Packing away this set of three eggs, I
went on to a small sapling where I saw
the trim little nest of the Redstart, its
owner seeming rather more distressed
than honored at my presence, and re-
lieving the nest of its four dainty treas-
ures did not tend to allay its distress.

I had now reached the foot of the hill
where the stream rippled over the slate
in musical little cataracts, and the hem-
lock and beech formed an arch over-
head, when, like a tongue of flame a
Scarlet Tanager darted past in pursuit
of its better half, both alighting on a
branch of a small tree, seemingly un-
conscious of a hostile presence. The
female had something in its bill, which,
by the aid of my field glass, I made out
to be a few small twigs, and after wait-
ing a short time it flew to a limb of e
hemlock, whither the male closely fol-
lowed, and on approaching I saw a
nearly completed nest. Spotting this
nest for the future I proceeded up the
glen, to where the growth was smaller
and in a small shrub, about two feet
from the ground I founda nest of the
Chestnut-sided Warbler. Gesticulations
did not seem to frighten its occupant
in the least, so I g ntly removed it with
my hand and disclosed to my delighted
gaze four eggs of the Warbler and one
Cowbird’s.

In a grape vine near by a Black-billed
Cuckoo was sitting on six eggs. Three

were of the normal -size, but the re-
maining three’ t.e as large as those
of the Yellow-billed.

Seated on the mossy bank of the
stream, I satisfied the cravings of the
inner man, occasionally tossing a stone
at an impudent Jay, which was eyeing
me with evident distrust. Watching
the Magnolia and Black-throated Green
Warblers flitting from tree to tree and
listening to the twittering of a flock of
Pine Siskins, and the far off awk, awk
of the Nuthatch, I had gradully arrang-
ed myself for a quiet doze, when I
heard a harsh scream overhead and
starting up began to look for the in-
truder. It proved to be a Sharp-shin-
ned Hawk and a through canvass of the
district soon showed a nest, snugly
packed against the trunk of a large
hemlock. The tree was very large and
the birds daring, but after a. hard tussle
I reached the nest, and finally stepped
once more on terra firma with four
heavily incubated eggs. They were
beauties, with a delicate clouding
around the larger end, and make a fine
appearance in my cabinet. The male
Hawk made an excellent skin.

As it was nearly time for the return
train, I began to make my way toward
the depot, noting many nests on my
way, though few deserving mention,
and soon my attention was attracted by
the mellow lay of » Warbling Vireo.

It has always been my experience,
that we are excusable, the Warbling
Greenlet prefers a popular tree, (Popwl-
us tremuloides or candicans) and as this
song came from such a tree I began to
search for the nest, soon finding it on

one of the topmost branches. The
owner of the ‘premises offered some
slight objections, but these were readily
overcome by the judicious adiministra-
tion of Uncle Sam’s all powerful coin.
Ascending the tree I secured the sin-
gle egg it contained, reaching the depot
just in time, and was soon whirling
towards home wrapped in the memoirs
of the pleasant day | had passed.
CuaAs. C. TREMBLY,
Utica, N. Y.

280 THE OOLOGIST.

THE OOLOGIST,

A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY.

FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.
Editor and Publisher.

Correspondence. and items of interest to the
student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited
from all.

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Among the Hummingbirds.

While in Santa Barbara, California,
during the season of 91 I had the pleas-
ure ot being so situated that I could
spend a considerable amount of time in
the field, a privilege of whichI gladly
availed myself. Among the numerous
birds that received my attention were
the various species of Hummers which
abounded in the vicinity. The mild
and tranquil climate of those southern

coasts seems a fitting abode for these
gorgeous feathered gems, that every-
where flit about and vivify the semi-
tropic vistas. By the dense hedge-rows
in the moist and shaded canons, over
the sun-crested hill-tops and the warm
wide fields, these fairy creatures loiter
in sportive mood, or wing their way on
sonorous pinions with ineredible speed.

Of the six species of Hummers found
in California, five are residents of the
vicinity of Santa Barbara; these are in
the order of their occurrence, Anna’s,
Rufous, Allen’s, Black-chinned, and
Costa’s. Of these I collected sets of all
but the Rufous and the Costas.

Contrary to what appears to be the
popularimpression, the Hummingbirds
are not summer nesters. In Southern
California, 1 believe, the Hummers nest
mostly in the months of March and Ap-
ril; however, the nests may be found as
early as January and as late as June,
perhaps later.

During my wanderings in February I
located a nest of an Anna’s in an oak
tree over-hanging a canon, but, it being
inaccessible, I made no effort to get it.
My first set was collected on March 18,
A week or so previous to that date, I
had noticed an Allen’s carrying material
to acypress treea short distance in
front of the house. I soon located the

.nest, which was about half finished, up-

ona twig about five feet from the
ground. While the nest was being
built, the bird would permit me to
draw near and watch her at work.
When bringing material she would fly
directly towards the nest, and with un-
diminished speed light upon it without
causing the slightest agitation, a feat
that is continually performed, even
when the nest contains eggs. After
resting a moment on the cottony mass,
the bird arranged the downy substance
with her bill and darted away after
more. The little structure was com-
pleted and on the 16th contained one
egg. Two days later the set was com-

THE OOOLGIST. 231

piete, and with no little compunetion, I
deprived the creature of her treasures.

This acceptable addition .to my cabi-
net added new zeal to my endeavors.
On the 20th I began a systematic search
of a hedge close by, which lined a pub-
lic road. I found it impossible to keep
trace of a particular bird on account of
the number that inhabited the place,
and also, on account of the density of
the foliage of the large cypress trees
which composed the hedge. The sun
was rather warm so I took the shady
side of the hedge and began the search.
It was a day characteristic of these hap-
py coasts; the quiet was broken by no
sound but the reveling of songsters and
the busy hum of the creatures whose
province I hadinvaded. Inthedistance
the ocean which in these genial climes
seems to have renounced its preroga-
tive of terror—the quiet waters reflect-
-ing the kindly hues of the skies, the
deep and placid bosom receiving the fra-
grant odors borne it by the breezes of
the land—lay peacefully moaning as

the breakors lapped the sand
skirt shores. My first find was
afull set of Allen; the nest was

fastened to a twig at the height of my
breast from the ground. While remov-
ing the nest and placing it and the eggs
into my collecting-box, the female dart-
ed about my head. During the remain-
der of the search, two other nests were
found, one containing one egg, the oth-
er just completed. These were collect-
ed when the sets were complete, which
was upon the 2ist and 22d.

On the 10th of April I again searched
this hedge. Upon that morning, while
passing the hedge on my bicycle, I
flushed a female Allen’s from her nest.
I made an unsuccessful search for
the nest and coneluded to search again
for it upon my return atnoon. At noon
I watched closely and flushed her again
fromthesame spot. After along search
T had about concluded that I could not
find the nest, when the bird dashed up

on it. It was only a foot or so from the
ground and contained two fresh eggs.

On the following day a friend and
myself visited some ponds nine or ten
miles from town. Here we expected to
find nests of Coots and Rails; but after
wading among the tules for an hour or
two we gave up in disgust, and started
in our rig for a mountain canon a few
miles further on, Here we scrambled
about among an indeterminable mass of
poison-oak, biack-berry vines, wild ros-
es, and nettles, making little progress
and no discoveries. Finally we found

_-anest of an Arkansas Goldfinch, and

in our enbeavors to get it, we succeed-
in tipping it upside down with the re-
sult which usually accompanies such a
misfortune.

Considering our time wasted here,
and being attracted by the presence of
anumber of Hummingbirds, we took
to the bed of a stream hard by. The
banks rose up perpendicularly fifteen
to fifty feet, and were matted and cover-
ed by a dense mass of bushes and vines
of many kinds. While here we found
two complete sets of Allen’s. The nests
were fastened to the stalks of slender
weeds that grew on the banks. After
we emerged from the water-way and
were about to leave the vicinity, we
found a nest of an Anna’sin an oak tree,
far out on a slender limb; we tried to
get it. Each took his turn and clam-
bered up the tree, and performed all
the acrobatic feats that he had mastered
during his career as an odlogist, while
the bird, sitting unconcernedly on her
nest, watched the circus with no little
interest. Frustrated in all our attempts
we sat down to gaze longingly at the
nest, and grow eloquent in berating the
climbing abilities of the other. Our
oratorical efforts were cut rather short
by the appearance of our horse coming
tearing down the lane close at hand,
with the rope lashing the ground ina
furious manner. We set out in hot
pursuit and captured the fugitive ina

232 THE OOLOGIST.

neighboring orchard and, finding every
thing safe, we started for home.

On the 12th I searched anew the cy-
presses in front of the house finding two
sets of Allen’s, one in nice condition the
other too badly incubated to save.
Again on the 28th I found a full set of
the same species together with a nest
containing young, and a set almost
hatched,

During the last of April I found a
nest of an Allen’s inacypress tree over-
hanging a bank of about fifteen feet in
height; the nest was at the extremity of
a limb extending over the bank, which
which was of loose, crumbling earth. I
ventured out on the limb until it began
to give and yet the nest was beyond my
reach; I crawled out a little further and
yet the nest was too far away; the limb
was threatening to break every moment
—out I moved—I heard acrack, felt a
thud then down the bank rolled the
nest, limb, and myself, landing at the
bottom in an ignominious heap. I
pulled my crushed derby from over my
eyes to find myself astride the limb,
plumb upon the nest, which contained
an omelet ready for the cook.

On May Day my friend and I took a
trip into the country where we found a
complete set of each of Anna’s, Allen’s
and Black chinned.

Just a week after I found in the
hedge a set of Allen’s, the nest being
built in a very exposed situation,
and easily seen from the road. On May
9th while wandering about the hills, I
took a nest and one egg of the Black-
chinned. Three days afterwards, while
ina creek bottom after a Lazuli Bunting
nest which I had previously located, I
stumbled upon anest.of an Anna’s con-
taining two eggs. Onthe 20th I search-
ed in the same creek, finding two full
sets of the Anna’s, the nests were.in a
sycamore tree and composed of the
down from the leaves of the tree. On
the last day of May, I made my last
find which was a complete set of Allen’s.

The eggs of all Hummingbirds (as
far as known) are white in color; and
the complement is two. The eggs of

theAnna’s are usually a trifle larger than.

those of the Allen’s or the Black-chinned
The nests of the Black-chinned andthe
Anna’s are usually composed ofjthedown
from the leaves of sycamore trees, and
appear like small yellow balls. Some-
times the nests of theAnna’s are covered
with green lichens, held on by cobwebs.
The nests of theAllen’s are usually larg-
er than those of the former two, bulkier
and less attractive; they are composed

-of feathers, plant down and moss.

During the season I collected 15 sets,
28 eggs, in all cases preserving the nests
with the eggs. My companion collected
at least as many. I made no note of
the nests I found containing young, or
those where the eggs were too far ad-
vaneed to save. This, I have the au-
dacity to consider a good record consid-
ering the limited amount of time which
I had to spend in the field.

Harry C. LILLIg,
Ann Arbor, Mich.

A Collecting Expedition.

The day appointed for our collecting
and camping expedition Juue 13th, hav-
ing arrived we were on the boat bright
and early making preparations for our
departure. Our party consisted of four
pleasure-loving youths, two of which
were bent on fishing and two, inelud-
ing myself were after odlogical speci-
mens. It is useless for me to enter into
any preliminaries concerningour camp-
ing, fishing and collecting outfits, or
to give alengthy detail of our adven-
tures, ete., but I will simply state that
we had an abundance of the articles
necessary on such an occasion.

Our destination was a small wood-
land lying an the east bank of the Ilh-
nois river about 12 miles south of this
city. The place was almost surrounded
by marshes, with the river on one side.

We arrived at this place about 11

THE OOLOGIST.

o'clock, and upon erecting our tent,
building a fireplace, and doing other
things necessary, my odlogical friend
and I departed in quest of our ‘thobby”
specimens. As usual we met with poor
success at first, but as we were about to
retrace our steps “homeward” we pro-
cured the following eggs.

One set of three Botawrus exilis, Least
Bittern, this nest was situated on a plat-
form of rushes in a clump of ‘‘cat-tails”
in the swamp. The eggs are pale blue,
unmarked and averaging 1.13x.93.

In crossing a wet meadow we found
a set of the Bartramia longicauda, Bar-
tramian Sandpiper. The nest was
placed in an old cow track and consist-
ed of grass, moss, etc. The eggs are
pale buff with the ground color almost
concealed with brownish blotches and
markings, mostly at the larger end.
We also found a. nest of the American
Coot near here built out of rank rushes
and moss over the water. In crossing
the timber on our return we found a
nest of the Wood Pewee. ‘The nest was
placed on a horizontal limb ofa tree
and contained 4 slightly incubated eggs,
which were creamy white in color,
speckled and blotched with cinnamon
brown or dark red mostly in a circle
around the larger end. The day began
to fade and we turned. in for the night.
We tried to rest in our tent, but the
mosquitoes were too bloodthirsty, and
we were obliged to place our beds on
the leaves near the tent and build fires
around it in order to obtain relief,
Talk about mosquitoes! They would
actually bite through three quilts and
your clothing! We passed the night
somehow and on the morrow and next
day procured the following eggs:

One set of six Pronotaria citrea, Prot-
honotary Warbler. Nest was in an old
stump 5 feet from the ground, and con-
sisted of moss, leaves, and fine grass,
bark ete. The ground color of the eggs
was glossy white. blotched with rich
chestnut red, averaging 72x.57.

233

One set of two Whip-poorwill Antrost-
omus vociferus, eggs were on the leave
located in the thick underbrush. No
attempt was made to build a nest as the
leaves were not even di-turbed. Eggs
were almost alikein shape at both ends,
and were greyish white, marked very
faintly with bluish grey, measuring 1.14
x.86, 1.18x.87.

One nest of the Savannah Sparrow,
containing 6 eggs. Nest was on the
ground in a wet place almost level with
surface. Eggs were greyish white in
color, blotched with light brown and li-
lac, averaging .72x.04.

We welcomed the arrival of our tug
and pulling stakes we soon found our-
selves cutting the water homeward.
We had all enjoyed a good time and
were well satisfied with our trip.

125 10}, SAGX,
Pekin, Il.

AUGUST CONTEST.
Sixty Judges.
Prize winners and eredits received
were as follows:
1. Collecting on Cobb’s Island, Va.

257

2. The Ashy Petrel on the Faral-
lones. 226
3. After the Yellow-billed Magpie.
198

4, The Long-eared Owl. 134

5. An Oological Trip in Central
Illinois. 75
Two other articles received eredits.
Fifty-two judges named the prize
Winning articles'and fourteen of them
their exact order.
The winners were as follows:
1. No. 7—C. M. Ross, Ont,
2. No. J1—A. Lohmann, Wis.
3. No. 12—A. O. Garrett, Kans.
4. No. 13—Robt. McPherson, Mass.
5). No. 14—Frank H. Nutter, Minn.
A decisions of the following
judges: were correct we sent each a
copy of the ‘New Standard Catalogue
of North Ameriean Birds’ Eggs.”
No. 15—H. C. Higgins, N. Y.
‘* 17—A. R. Hutchinson, N.Y.
‘* 19—Harry B. Sargeant, N. Y.
2l—H Ls Vandegeitt. Pai.
‘. 80—A. M. Semple, Wis.
«« 32—Dana U. Gillett, N. Y.
35—Robt. H. Moulton. Tenn.
‘« 52—R. P. Gillespie, Miss.
* 59—Guy A. Moore, Ilis. _
i All prizes were mailed on October
Sic

234

World’s Fair Notes.

The government of Mexico will ex-
hibit at the World’s Fair a large and
valuable collection of Aztec relics.

The flora of Montana will be shown
at the World’s Fair by a collection as
complete as it is possible to make it.
The state has about 1,000 different vari-
eties of wild flowers and of these 800
have already been collected... The ex-
hibit will include also a display of
grasses and forage plants. Many of the
states are preparing similar exhibits of
their flora.

Kansas will make at the World’s
Fair a notable exhibit of its native ani-
mals. The specimens are being pre-
pared by Prof L. L. Dyche, of the Kan-
sas S.ate University, one of the most
skillful of living taxidermists. The ex-
hibit will consist of at least 400 animals,
and will include a fine group of ten
Rocky mountain sheep, seven Rocky
mountain goats, nine moose, eight elks,
seven antelopes, five car ibou, five buf.
falo and twelve deer including mule,
white-tailed, Virginia and others; eight
wolves, timber and coyote; five moun-
tain lions, six bears, twelve foxes, in-
cluding a beautiful silver gray; besides
a large number of lynx, wildeats and
other smaller animals.

Will You Join Us?

But a few tickets left to complete the
club to attend the World’s Fair on the
United World’s Excursion Co. plan.
Payments monthly or weekly; this is
the strongest company in America, ap-
Wy to Loeal Agent or write United

orld’s Fair Excursion Coss Nei EE
Dep’t, 406 Exchange B’ld’g, Boston,
Mass.

What $1 will bring when sent to

C. L. FREEMAN, “Chadron, Neb.
Pho otogr aph of * “Wounded Knee” Battlfield.
‘* Burial of the Dead after Battle.
‘* Beef Issue at Pine Ridge.
““ Chief Red Cloud or BloodyHand

Or for $2 I willsend the above collection and
i Photograph of Red Cloud’s House.

‘*. Chief Sitting Bull.

1 hs ““ Three Hostile Chiefs.
1 Pair of genuine Sioux moccasins.

Catalogue of Indian Relics and Photographs
sent for 2 cent stamp. C.l. FREEMAN. Je6t

1
1
1 “ce
1

THE OOLOGIST.

Prizes for Best Articles.

We have decided to give our patrons,
each month, five prizes. These prizes
are to be awarded tothe five best arti-
cles appearing in the O6LOGIST in which
the offers are made.

For the five articles in this (Oct.) O6L-
oGisT which are the most instructive,
valuable and interesting we shall give
as follows:

1st prize—A Partof Maynard’s Birds
of Eastern North America, bound in
boards and leather.

2nd prize—Davie’s Key to the Nests
and Eggs of N. A. Birds in cloth.

3d prize—Same as 2d prize, in paper.

4th prize—Vol. 1 (84-85) Youne OGL-
oGisT, bound in cloth.

5th prize—Vol. III and IV (’86-’87)
THE O6LOGIsT, bound in cloth.

For the Nov. competition we will
give a similiar set of prizes.

The articles entering into competition
must contain at least one hundred
words and we prefer that they do not
exceed seven hundred words, unless
they fairly teem with very, very inter-
esting facts or happenings—Remember
that ‘‘fancies,” ‘‘rehashes,” ‘Sparrow
stories” and articles of similiar nature
are not solicited and will rarely be
found ‘‘available.”

“THE JUDGES: Yow have been se-
lected to act as one of the Judges in
these Prize article contests, and your
decision must be promptly and fairly
given.

Your decision for this month’s com-
petition must be mailed us not later
than Nov. 15th. Write on back of a
postal card the articles which you have
decided to be the most valuable, instruc-
tive and interesting in this number of
O6LOGIsT and mail to us. Number the
articles in the order which you think
the prizes should be awarded.

We also give our Judges five prizes,
one to each of the five whose decisions
are nearest the final award of prizes and
in this months competition the Judgs
whose list of five articles is the nearest
the awarded list, we will give a copy of
Davie’s Key to the Nest and Eggs of N.
A. Birds, paper. 2d and 8d each a
Book relating to Natural History, ele-
gantly bound in cloth and gilt. 4th
and 5th each a set of Noddy. In ease
of a tie, the earlist mailed list takes the
prize. Address

FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

THE OOLOGIST. 235

me OOD FOR 00 CTS.

We have recently purchased several desirable articles and specimens in enor-
mous quantities at ‘‘Snap’’ prices.

Rather than hold them a life time (?) in order to obtain fabulous prices or to
wholesale to other dealers in order that they may derive benefit from our ‘‘snap”
we have decided to share our good luck with every reader of this advertisement.

The specimens and articles are as follows:

1 New Standard Catalogue of North American Birds’ Eggs. $ 35
1 Egg with data of Noddy. ; 50
1 Egg of Hammer head Shark. (A great curio from the Pacific.) 20
1 Egg Drill, hand made from best Stubb’s steel. 10
1 Nickeled White Metal Blowpipe. 25
1 Embryo Hook, long handle and nicely finished. 15
1 Sea Urchin from Phillippines, rare. 25
1 Fossil Shark Tooth from Virginia. Can be mounted for scarf pin or other

jewel purposes. 10
1 Fossil Scuphites Nodosus from Black Hills. 20
1 Sea Horse from Delaware Bay. 35

Total value at fair retail prices. $2.45

The lowest possible price which the above Lot could be ordinarily purchased of
any Dealer in America would not be less than $1.50 and at lowest possible whole-
sale rates at not less than $12.00 per dozen.

We )ropose-to send every reader of the O6LOGIST one of these Lots PREPAID for

ONLY 50 CaNTS
PROVIDING—that you will either subscribe or renew your subscription to the
O6LOGIsT for 18938.

‘The subscription price of the OoLoaist, iucluding Coupons, is 50 cts., making
an even $1.00 for the Lot and the OoLoaistT.

If in arrears, the same must be paid in full at the time, or before accepting this
offer. If you have already paid IN FULL for 1898, we will under this condition and
no other allow you to purchase one lot separately.

The only condition on which we will allow a person to purchase more than one
of these Lots, would be, that they subscribe for the O6LoGIsT for two or more
years—that is, a year’s subscription must tzvariably accompany every Lot pur-
chased.

This Offer will Hold Good until NOVEMBER 15th Only.

At which date we will either withdraw or extend the same to the Holidays—the
offer if extended, will positively expire on December 31st, 1892.
Remit an even $1.00 in most convenient manner, at once to

Frank H. Lattin, Publisher of the Oologist, Albion, N. Y,

Examine the little rose-colored address label
on the wrapper of the OoLogist, The number
following name denotes the time when your sub-
scription expires or has expired.

56 signifies your subscription expired June 1890.
62 “e oe 6s on ‘

oO Dee.
ICAN 68 s§ 8 gs ss cuus 1891
R T4 ce be [a3 ce ee. ce
go “ “ «June 1892
AGENCY. 86 6 « willexpire Dec. «
A 92 “ een TN ain) TRE

98 ub a ss ss Be Dec. 1893

We are desirous of straightening our subscrip-
tion books at once and trust our subscribers will
send in their subscriptions for ’92 including all
arrearages, at their earliest conveniences, the
amounts necessary to accomplish this are as
foilows:

“56"——$1.25. ‘*62’,—$1.00. ‘68”—75c. ‘‘74”—50c.

Should you desire to discontinue your subscrip-
tion to the OoLoGisT your indebtedness to us is
10 cents less than the above amounts. The fig-
ures are according to our books Oot. 5, 1892 and
renewals sent since that date have been credited
on Our books, but not on the label.

ul

A pamphlet of information and 4b- //
stract of the laws, Suowing Elow to
Obtain Patents, Caveats, Trade
Marks, Copyrights, sent free.
AX Address FAUNA &&

236

NKURO-KON

New and Wonderful
Cure for

NEURALGIA!

This medicine is warranted to eure or
money refunded. It is for NEURALGIA
only. One bottle enough for the most ob-
stinate case. PRICK ONE DOLLAR. We
employ no agents and do no business with
Druggists. Send us one dollar postal
note, money order, or currency —and we
will send you (all charges paid) our regular
One Dollar: package of the medicine, ready
for use. If it does not cure your neuralgia
vou may return us the yacksve ard we will
refund your mouey. No cure, bo pay.

PARISH MFG. COMPANY,
Parish, Oswego, Co., N. Y.

@OCOOCOPEHOHOHOOEODHOOOOOGOO9OGOOO8

vf ple RIPANS TABULES regulate the stomach,
liver and bowels, purify the blood, are pleas-
ant to take, safe and alwaysetfectual. Are able
remedy for Biliousness, Blotches on the Face,
Bright’s Disease, Catarrh, Colic, Constipation,
Chronic Diarrhoea, Chronic Liver Trouble, Dia-
betes, Disordered Stomach, Dizziness, Dysentery,
Dyspepsia, Hezema, Flatulence, Female Com-

laints, Foul Breath, Headache, Heartburn, Hives,
Teinaiee, Kidney Complaints, Liver Troubles,
Loss of Appetite, Mental Depression, Nausea,
Nettle Rash,j—— Painful Diges-
tion, Pimples,} tush of Blood
to the Head,} fallow Com-

lexion, Salt Rheum, Scala

ead, Serof-] ula,Sick Head-
ache, Skin Dis- jeases,Sour
| Feeling, Torpid
}Water Brash
ler symptom
or disease that results from
impure blood or a failure in the proper perform-
ance of their functions by the stomach, liver and
intestines. Persons given to over-eating are ben-
efited by taking one tabule after each meal. A
continued use of the Ripans Tabules is the surest
cure for obstinate constipation. They contain
nothing that can be injurious to the most deli-
cate. 1 gross $2, 1-2 gross $1.25, 1-4 gross 75c.,
1-24 gross 15 cents. Sent by mail postage ieee
Address THE RIPANS CHEMICAL CO ive
P. O. Box 672, New York.

©O0909990H0090O90O00000005689S68

SOE8S990008000808

©9SSS9O9OS9OSO00OSHOTH9OS008COHG 90008
@00O6O800088908CO988808

this OdLoGIsT, and it was

ye is the publication number of
* mailed to subscribers Oct. 15.

THE OOLOGIST

CLOSING OUT SALE

BIRDS EGGS.

I desire to close out my entire stock at once
and indoing so, wish to call your attention to
the following:

Noddy; ern txesnir : ee
Sooty oe Sea ei 3

Man O’War Bird...
Bridleda ern sa
Booby,Ganuete- =) 2
White crowned Pigeon......
Great-tailed Grackle...._.__...

ps DO pe pt

NexasW Mar asians) nies 4
Curve-billed Thrasher.........4...
Texas Sparrow............-.-. 4! Se eee

Will sell lot $5.00 postpaid. Send for my
October list at once. New list every month.
Lowest prices in America for nice eggs. WAL-
TER F. WEBB, Geneva, N. Y.

Bird & Mammal Skins*and Eggs

All specimens carefully prepared and
with full data.

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL,

mS" Price List for Stamp.
THADDEUS SURBER,

Jebt White Sulphur Springs, W. Va.

BIRD CUS

An illustrated price-list of Electrotypes of
Birds sent free. Just the thing to use on your
letter heads. circulars, ete.
der. H. A. CARHART, Syracuse, N. Y.

400 varienies or stamps $1.00

Duplicates can be returned.

AN UNUSUAL OFFER

W. B. GRBANY,

827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL.
Catalogue for stamp.

CARR'S NATURAL HISTORY STORE,

Sea Shells, Corals, Minerals, Bird Skins and

Eggs, Curios, Supplies for Taxidermists, Ento-~

mologests, Botanists and Oologists. Taxid-
ermy in all Branches of the art. Gold fish and
aquarums.

40 page Illustrated Catalogue for 2c stamp-

Cc. F. CARR
Madison, Wis.

Engraving to o;, ~

7
NebOCELT LTA

a (AES
Monthly.

VOL. IX.

Se

| | 7 | a) ©/ ae {
; ; - (9) © | nes
GAVE Say Gaea Vea EEA) Eee Ea ea OM MONT GWHO) Ena sea Era cea Cea cea

pal eesay essa e-sa Cie (eye ees Leite
5

ALBION, N. Y., NOV., 1892.

ANS soot
d NR eed Rol SRD S38”
mebuausdaransicdusdacesen? sutton cau ssa’ runes So ee aes eed egg re soe s
s
L)
£

Ad
\)

: \ a,
50c. per Year. ces

NO. 11

Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.

Brief special announcements, “Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department

for 50¢ per 35 words.
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c.

Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional
Terms, cash with order.

Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates.
«“‘DEALERS” Gan use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only,
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted for Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only

and according to conditions stated thereon.

|

A PRINTING PRESS and complete outfit
Minerals and a Breech-loading Shot gun with
Shells, to exchange for Larger Press or Miner-
als. A. R. HUTCHINSON, Gaines, N. Y.

AMOS BISSELL, of Princeton. N. J.. has a
large collection of ‘single eggs valued at $33.,
Which he will sell for $9. cash.

FOR SALE.—A collection of about 100 first-

Class eggs. Address H. R. GRAHAM, 2106
Spring Garden St., Phila., Penn.
TO EXCHANGE.—Foreign stamps, novels

and good Waltham Watch for birds eggs in
Singles. CLARENCE LUTHER, P. O. box 322,
Fayetteville, Ark. :

TO EXCHANGE.—Ferret, good for hunting
rabbits, for the best offer of eggsin sets or for
cash. L. N. ROSSTTER, Lake Forest, Ills.

A COLLECTION of rare eggs, sets and sin-
gles valued atabout $H0.. will sell for $10. Cash
With order. H. VAN TRUMP, Rochester, Ind.

TO EXCHANGE. Jndian relics, large magic
lantern, polished and unpolished minerals, and
Single eggs, for sets. also wish to purchase first
class sets cheap. Send lists. H. W. ISAACS,
Prospect House, Niagara Falls. N. Y.

NOTICE what L. L. ikrebs, Cedar Rapids,
Ta,, offers for sale in this issue. A grand op-
portunity for some one. Please read his adver-
tisement and make offers.

A GOOD COLLECTION of sets and singles,
List price $75., to exchange in bulk or lots, for
desirable articles. Reasou given for exchang-
ing. Address, A.R. HEYWORD, Jr., 96 Pen-
dleton St., Columbia, S. C.

TO EXCHANGE.—I have a few sets and _ sin-
gles to exchange for cheap western or southern
eggs im sets, a few showy singles wanted. Wm.
E. PIERCH, 19 Summer St., st. Johnsbury, Vt.

TO EXCHANGE. —Bunweil key and sounder,
20 ohms, good condition, for books on ‘laxider-
my or Oology. egys, minerals or field glass. All
letters answered. W. H. HENDERSON,
Chanute, Kans.

WANTED.—Tobacco company tickets, Kin-
ney Bros. especialy, Rare Stamps, Coins, Cur-
iosities and any good articles, Books on Oology,
Taxidermy, etc., for cash or exchange, Revol-
vers, Guns and many other articles. Write
giving particulars. All] letters answered. WM.
GILBERT, Box 30, Elk River, Minn.

TO EXCHANGE.—A collection of first-class
birds’ eggs. sets and singles, 60 varieties, listed
at $25., standard catalogue rates, for rifle, back
numbers Am. Field or Forest and Stream, set
boxing gloves, t-nnis raquet and other sporting
goods. Willsell col. for 4. cash. FRED A.
BOYER, 1045 Nineteenth St., Des Moines, Ia.

A GREAT BARGAIN.-~- 300 fine beautiful
specimens worth over ‘$35. for sale at a great
sacrifice. The collection contains Minerals, Fos-
sils, Sea Curiosities, Alcoholic Specimens, ete.,
nearly all large and choice. Any person wish-
ing to purchase speciniens has a fine opportut-
ity. Please write and make offer.

L. L. KREBS, Cedar Rapids, Ia.

FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE.—My entire
collection of mounted specimens, skins and
eggs, including mounted Wolf, Wild Cats, Ra-
coon, hedgehog, Ani: white pelican, cormorant,
loon jackrabbits, Warblers.etc. Alsophotographs
of mounted spec. to ex. for first-class eggs in
sets or singles. W. W. SEARLES, Lime
Springs, Iowa.

I will give specimens of any kind, advertising
Space in the OOLOGIST, and for extra good
offers anything I otter for Sale or possibly CASH
for first-class Indian Relics, or tor new or 2d
hand books in Natural History. in good con-
dition, ornithology or oology preferred—a set
of the -Natural History of New York” and
copies of ‘‘Coues’ Key” especially desired.
PRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y.

I HAVE over 200 species of first-class desira-
ble singles and sets of eggs. Will exchange for
fire arms or musical instruments in A No. 1
condltion, or for other desirable articles. Send
description giving lowest exchange prices of
what you can offer and Ill send listof my eggs.
N. P. BRA BT, 7 Gilbert &t., dcLnstown, N. Y.

238

.

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued.

TO EXCHANGE.—A fine collection of post-
age stamps for a photographic camera or offers
Write for particulars and state what you have
to exchange. ROB’T W. COLBURN, Cedar
Rapids, Iowa.

ALLIGATOR EGGS wanted in hundred or
thousand lots. Must be first-class, side blown.
Write stating quantity you can furnish. with
cash or exchange price. I would also likeafew
hundred snake eggs. FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

FOR EXCHANGE. - Choice Bird Skins from
all sections. Also some good eggs for skins.
Please send full list of skins and receive mine.

F. T. PEMBER, Granville. N. Y.

UNITED STATES Stamps wanted. 1851. 5¢

- brown, 1860, 90c, blue, 1875. 10c, yellow, ‘875, 30c.

Carmine and blue.2 and 6¢Hxecutive.90c Justice.

30c and 90c State. State your lowest cash

prices to A. H. Matthiessen, Box H, National
City, Cal.

WANTED.—2d hand copies of either ‘‘Coues’
Key” or Ridgway’s Manual’’ will give cash or

exchange. Write stating condition, edition,
and best terms. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion,
ING EYs

NOTICE.—Will each Ornithologist and Oolo-
gist in the state of Illinois. who is willing to
help in some ornithological work to further the
knowledge of ou” Illinois birds. please send me
their address on a postal? W. E. LOUCKS,
Peoria, Il.

AMERICAN HISTORY.—I desire, at once,
the following books.either new or second-hand,

Bancroft’s History of the United States. Ban- ,

eroft’s History of the formation of the Consti-
tution ofthe United States. Fiske’s American
Revolution. rostingham’s Rise of the Republic
of the U.S.. or any other Standard Works on
American History. I will give in exchange,
Shells. Corals, Indian Relics. Minerals, Birds
Eegegs or other curiosities. Send discription of
what you have to offer and state what you want
for the same. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N.

dt

Secsesecoeeceosecsoooaseococssoces

HE RIPANS TABULES regulate the stomach,
liver and bowels, purify the blood, are pleas-
ant to take, safe and a! pans effectual. A reliable
remedy for Biliousness, Blotches on the Face,
Bright’s Disease, Catarrh, Colic, Constipation,
Chronic Diarrhoea, Chronic Liver Trouble, Dia-
betes, Disordered Stomach, Dizziness, Dysentery,
Dyspepsia, Eczema, Flatulence, Female Com-
laints, Foul Breath, Headache, Heartburn, Hives,
aundice, Kidney Complaints, Liver Troubles,
Loss of Appetite, Mental Depression, Nausea,
Nettle Rash, Painful Diges-
tion, Pimples, Rush of Blood

to the Head,} £ allow Com-
lexion, Salt Rheum, Scald
Fread, Scrof- ula, Sick Head-

eases,Sour
Feeling ,Torpid
Water Brash
and every oth- er symptom
or disease that results from
impure blood or a failure in the proper perform-
ance of their functions by the stomach, liver and
intestines. Persons given to over-eating are ben-
efited by taking one tabule after each meal. A
continued use of the Ripans Tabules is the surest
cure for obstinate constipation. They contain
nothing that can be injurious to the most deli-
cate. 1 gross $2, 1-2 gross $1.25, 1-4 gross 75¢.,
1-24 gross 15 cents. Sent by mail postage paid.
Address THE RIPANS CHEMICAL COMPANY,
P. O. Box 672, New York.

0009908008098 0090000000089000008

ache, Skin Dis-
Stomach,Tired
Liver, Ulcers,

SOSOOOOSSOHOTOOOSOHSOSSISOOELOSHOOOOOCO
BO000O00880G098000889H6009969000008000

THE OOLOGIST.

Fossils, Agates, Shells, Corals
and Curiosities. Cretaceous
Fossils of Eastern Monta-
naa Specialty.

Hej
Al \
4B

N

Aporrhais biangulata......_.. Ue 13
Actaeon attenuata __...._. as Ls 4
Anisomyon Yatielliformis ..._.....

Baculites ovatus ........ Ge As UR

Callista Deweyilt eee 15 to .25
Dentalium gracile ee es 15
lale oot harey) aaah aveyes nk Sols
Molsellagwieekine eels
Veniella/subtumiday.) 22 vee 15
Inoceramus convexus... 2 20: tOn ka

es Crispi bee at a ae EL >mUOraka
Lunatia concinna ...
Lucina subundata __._.....
Margarita Nebrasensis...
Nucula cancellata.__........._
Scaphites nodusus ._...
Martesia cuneata ___..
Turnus Stimpsoni

Fossil wood, containing Martesia, or Turnus..
SE RE Sav Ee .25 to .75
Rock containing a variety of small fossils.25 to .50

Tregonucarpus nuts (10ssil) size of Hickory
TAU Pees eee ce Oa -20 tO .25

iy POLISHES EE ee ee 25 to $2.00
California Onyx, polished... 22 40 tO $1.75
IRELOSKEY, VA a VES ce cee aes 2S 25 tO .75
MOSSIETERIS a ea ae eee 15 tO .75
Petrified wood ......... CENCE NE ae 10 to .50
Ag alized: Wood) 43) 25 Wk 2). eee 10 to .50
Porcelainite ee eee 10 to .25
TONE V=C On slay ae ase ee 10 to .25
Sponge lava, will float in water.. 15 tO .50

Lava, has been melted, and run like molasses

CADDY ste 22 Pee Se eee 15 to .50
Antelope horns, on upper part of skull, per

OGUIT SOs ae a a $1.50 to $2.00
Buffalo horns. per pair_____- _........-5U tO $1.50
Rattles trom-Rattlesmake —=- =. 10 to .25
Corals from Bahamas, Florida and Si:gapore

SM ein SS LOD EBON D8 RNS Beta ae aa 26 to $2.00

Small mixed shells from West Indes. per pint .50.
Large Assortment of showy American and
MOLISE NES lls tases 10 to $5.60 each

10 per cent discount on cash orders of
$10.00 or more.
Send for price lists.
Homer Squyer,

Mingusville, - - Montana,

THE OOLOGIST.

VOL. IX.

Osteology for Amatuers.

A goodly collection of skullsor a fair
number of skeletons will give a natur-
alist more knowledge regarding the
birds represented than a like number of
first-class skins. This assertion may be
disputed by some, but it only proves
that such persons have never dabbled
in the pleasures of an osteological study.

Probably the main reason that so
many naturalists have omitted avian
osteology is the great difficulty exper-
ienced in preparing cabinet specimens.

Recognizing the need of a good meth-
od for preparing specimens it is the ob-
ject of the writer to present to you
clear and simple directions for the man-
ufacture of good preparations for os-
teological study.

About a year ago Mr. Will T. Shaw,
a naturalist well known to many read-
ers of the O6LoGIstT, while studying this
interesting branch of ornithology dis-
covered a new process for preparing
skeletons and skulls for the cabinet.

That process combined with the ex-
periences of the writer is herein con-
densed and respectfully submited to the
American Naturalists.

The process—simple but efficient is as
follows. In preparing skeletons, skin
the bird and remove all the flesh pos-
sible with the scalpel. Then boil for
one hour in a solution of water and lye,
in the proportion of one teaspoonful of
lye to every quart of water.

After one hour steady boiling the re-
maining flesh may be easily detached
from the bones by the use of a water
blower. Rig up your blower in some
out door situation, and get a good
strong stream of water playing on all
the parts. You will be surprised at the
ease witli which it is done, the force of

ALBION, N. Y., NOV., 1892.

NO. 11

the water easily dislodges all matter
contained in the various crevices of the
avian frame.

Skulls are prepared in the same man-
ner only it is not necessary to remove
any of the fiesh before boiling. The
water blower will be found especially
useful in removing the brains through
the orifice of the spinal column.

It will sometimes be found necessary
to boil the preparation longer than an
hour in order to remove all traces of
flesh. Care should be exercised in this
direction for if the bones are left in the
solution too long, the lye will ‘‘eat a,
hole” through—an accident not easily
repaired.

When all traces of flesh have been re-
moved, they are ready for drying.
which can be accomplished best by
placing in the sun, the sunlight
bleaching in a first-class manner.

When dry label all the miscellaneous
bones and place in the cabinet.

You will expe rience difficulty at first
in putting a skeleton together, however
practice and a careful study of ‘‘Osteol-
ogy” in Coues’ Key will overcome this
also.

Place the completed skeleton upon a
neatly varnished stand of hardwood.
Ah! how valuable your first skeleton
will seem. .

As naturalists are always “orderly
souls” perhaps an idea of an osteologi-
eal work room will not be out of the
way. If possible always have a place
especially set apart for your work.
You will find a corner of the barn
or out-house more convenient
and satisfactory, for manuface-
turing skeletons is not a very invit-
ing job to many of the family. Have
your work table here, four or five light
wooden trays, size about 7 by 14 and
one inch high for carrying preparations,

240

I find an oil stove almost indispensible,
they are so cheap and yet so convenient
a tin pail holding from 6 to 12 quarts
for use in boiling, another pail for
refuse,forceps and scalpels, besides a big
pair of wooden forceps, useful in taking
bones from pail while boiling.

If you wish, arrange a barrel of wa-
ter fitted with a faucet. You will see
“what for’? when you begin real work.

All bones of birds skinned, those shot
for identification also those so badly
torn by shot that they cannot be used
for skinning, can all be utilized in mak-

_ing preparations for osteological study.
Do not waste time in making skeletons
of the smaller birds. Keep the pelvis,
sternum and skull, also any peculiarity
of construction that may occur, such as
the tibia of a grebe, etc.

Finally, my brethern, ‘‘go at it to
win.’ You willfind many obstacles in
the path but do not give up Osteology.
Let us build our knowledge of the avian
family upon the avian framework. and
in the end you will find that your os-
teological researches have brought to
you a knowledge of the parts of a bird,
but, (what is more valuable) knowledge
of a Creator’s mind, a Creator’s power,
and above all, a Creator’s love. For if
we study the creature, there will surely
creep into our minds and hearts some
knowledge of the Creator, whom to

know is life eternal.
A. MOWBRAY SEMPLE,

Poynette, Wis.

Buzzard Island.

One of my earliest recollections on
coming into the field as an enthusiastic
young ornithologist is an island located
abot 5 miles above the head of naviga-
tion on the Chattahoochee River, which
from the multitudes of Black and Tur-
key Vultures which inhabit the place,
is called ‘‘Buzzard Island.”

T had always longed to make a visit
to the island and collect some Buzzard
eggs which were said to be plentiful

THE OOLOGIST

there, but as the river at that point is
about half a mile wide and nothing but
rocks and rapids, the island has always
been considered almost inaccessible.
Under these circumstances I had about
come to the conclusion that I was never
to take the much desired trip, when one
day last May, my chum and brother
odlogist drove up ina buggy and an-
nounced the fact that his brother had
the day before; while ona fishing ex-
cursion np the river, succeeded in reach-
ing Buzzard Island in a batteau and
brought away a couple of sets of eggs of
the Black Vulture. That was sufficient;
I jumped into the buggy and we went
by and picked up another enthusiastic
friend and having been re-enforced by
the aforesaid successful brother who
was to act as guide, we immediately set
out up the river for Buzzard Island.
Having arrived at a point nearly op-
posite the island, we found the batteau
moored safely in a little nook where the
water was quiet; she was quickly un-
fastened and we all four secured pad-
dles and shoved off into the rapids.
Our “guide” was confident we could
make it all right but after having passed
the first slue by hard paddling and care-
ful steering I don’t think we were all
quite so anxious to tackle the next one,
which if anything looked less inviting
than the first. Wewere all good swim-
mers but in rapids like that the best
swimmer would not have much chance,
for the moment he touched the water he
would be dashed against the rocks and
disabled by having his leg or arm brok-
en. However, it was too late to turn

back now and no one felt like saying he

was afraid, so we again pushed off from
the temporary landing we had made
and“ after considerable hard paddling
and yelling and a profusion of entirely
unnecessary orders given by ail mem-
bers of the party we succeeded in mak-
ing about a quarter of a mile through
the rapids. Here we came to a succes-
sion of shoals where the rocks were so

THE OOLOGIST.

numerous and the water so swift and
shallow, it was impossible to navigate
the boat, so all hands jumped out, up to
our knees in the swift water, where it
was very hard tokeep your footing, and
with two of usat the bow and two at
the stern, we succeeded by lifting, haul-
ing and dragging, in making about 200
yards more. We had now gotten away
from most of the rocks and were among
a series of small islands covered with
trees and undergrowth, and could trav-
el with ease as the water was deeper,
not so swift and in some places quiet.

Turning the point of a little island, we
came in sight of Buzzard Island which
was about 50 yards further. As soon as
we came in sight hundreds of Vultures
rose from the trees on the island with a
noise almost like thunder and soaring
round and round, gradually rose until
‘they looked like a swarm of
bees against the blue heavens. A low
sand bar projected from one end of the
island for a distance of about 300 feet,
and this was also covered with Vultures
pluming themselves and hopping about
in their awkward, ungainly manner.
As we approached the bar to make a
landing they rose and either alighted
among the small trees on the numerous
small islands or soared away to the sky
in their cork-screw fashion. I noticed
that they were nearly all Black Vul-
tures, the Turkey Vultures being very
scarce. I think there were a hundred
of the Black Vultures to one of the oth-
er species.

Numbers of:the birds remained in the
trees on the island and watched us euri-
ously as we made our way among the
dense underg'owth and canes. It was
almost impossible to stand erect as the
reeds and vines were matted together
and we were forced to crawl along on
onr hands and knees through the well
defined paths which the birds had made
through the canes. These paths wound
around in every direction all over the
island, and had it not been for them I

241

doubt if we could have made our way
at all. Ihad crawled about 30 yards
through the canes when I came upon
two young Vultures cuddled up togeth-
er in a slight depression in the ground,
gazing stupidly at me. They, were
about half grown and were covered
with white downy feathers. While I
was looking at them I heard a yell frem
one of my companions as he announced
that he had bagged a set of eggs. This
was immediately followed by a similiar
yell and announcementfrom another of
the party about 20 yards off. I pushed
forward a few feet further when I was
rewarded by a set of two eggs which
were laying on the bare ground by an
old log. The eggs are a dirty white,
spotted and blotched all over with lav-
ender and brown and are generally,
somewhat larger than those of the Tur-
key Vulture. Having tied them up in
my handkerchief I pushed on and after
finding another pair of young birds and
numerous nests which had recently
been occupied, I bagged another set of
eggs. My companions were more suc-
cessful and when we reached the other
end of the island, which was only about
500 feet, they showed up with 38 and 4
Sets, respectively.

They had also found several young
birds and old nests, which were only
slight depressions in the ground without
any attempt at lining, except the dead
eane leaves which covered the island.
The ground was almost white with
bones of birds, chickens and small ani-
mals carried there by the vultures,
which would seem to indicate that the
place had beén used by these birds as a
breeding and roosting place for years,

On the way back to the boat I found
another set, which made a total of ten
sets or twenty eggs. Our guide had
preferred to remain in the boat as he
had explored a portion of the island the
day previous and was not sufliciently
interested in bird eggs to put up with
the almost suffocating, musky odor

242

which you have to endure while crawl-
ing about on the island.

Highly elated, we started back and
arrived at the opposite shore without
any mishap save the loss of our ‘guide’s’
coat, which was lying on a seat-and got
over-board during a little excitement
eaused by the boat getting jammed
among some rocks.

All the eggs were those of the Black
Vulture, and some were highly incu-
bated. I think if we had arrived about
3 weeks.earlier we would have secured
a great many more eggs. However, we
were very well Satisfied and returned
home with the full intention of visiting
“Buzzard Island’ again next Spring.

BEN Hupson,
Columbus, Ga.

Winter Visitors.

When late in the autumn the decidu-
ous trees lose their verdant summer fo
liage, and the landscape appears deso-
late and barren, a number of northern
birds come to spend the rigorous months
of winter with us.

Their advent is cheerfully welcomed
by the lover of animated nature, who
laments the departure of his summer
friends. The following species are to
be found in the inland districts of Bris-
tol County, Mass: Black Snowbirds
and Tree Sparrows are abundant, and
they usually associate with each other;
they are gregarious, frequenting bushy
pastures, cultivated fields, and if there
is a spot where weeds have grown, and
have been allowed to go to seed, these
birds may be found in large numbers
feeding on them. After a snowstorm
the birds under consideration become
semi-domesticated, hopping around the
veranda and even alighting on the win-
dow-sills, and peering curiously into
the apartments. At this time they get
a great many dainty morsels, which
their superior bipeds expose purposely
for them. When they find a sheltered

THE OOLOGIST.

nook ona sunny day, they emit a low
melodious warble. During the month
of August I have seen Black Snowbirds
among the rocky crevices, on the sum-
mit of Mt Washington, at an altitude of
6,300 ft. They probably breed on the
slopes of the Presidential Range.

The beautiful Snow Bunting with his
white plumage, marked with gray, yel-
lowish brown and chocolate is usually
first seen, during, or just after a heavy
snowstorm. When snow, wind and a low
temperature combine to make life, to
the inhabitants of the temperate zone

disagreeable, this hardy wanderer from

the boreal regions is found in the great-
est abundance. They move rapidly
over the surface of the immaculate man-
tle of snow, in detached flocks, at times
uttering their low call note.

As we ramble among the coniferous
trees in winter we hear a very weak,
squeaking note, and soon discover a
flock of diminutive birds around us.
they are all busily at work gleaning
their insect food from the trees. Final-
ly a bright-eyed little fellow comes close
to you, and inquisitively peers into your
face; his yellow and orange-crowned
crest is slightly erected, and you at
onee recognize the Golden-crowned
Kinglet. These birds often associate
with the Black-capped Titmice.

Later we may have occasion to climb ~
over a stone wall, when with a rattling
chatter a little brown body darts into
the wall, out on the other side, gives
you a rapid glance, and then disappears
again. If you remain motionless the
little eccentric will next appear a rod
or more away having wended his way
through the interstices of the wall.

You will first see his head over the
top of a stone, next he is on top of the
wall in full view, with his tail in a per-
pendicular position. Thereis no doubt
but what you are in the presence of the
Winter Wren. This genial little bird
comes around the house, explores the
recesses of the wood-pile, andthe pump.

THE OOLOGIST.

I once caught one alive, which was
making himself at home in the barn.

In yonder pines, or birches we notice
a flock of small birds industriously
searching for food. Their under parts
is whitish, with the feathers centerally
streaked with dusky, and a slightly yel-
lowish tinge around wings. It is per-
haps needless to say that this is thePine
Finch, and that they area common win-
ter visitor in this section.

The White-bellied Nuthatch may be
seen around the dooryard, in the or-
chard, and in the deep woods. His
harsh and peculiar note is easy to recog-
nize, itis uttered frequently as he goes
up, down and around the tree trunks,
regardless of the laws of gravitation, in
his diligent search for food.

The Shore Lark frequents the salt
marshes in flocks, making an occasion-
al visit inland when they often accom-
pany the Snow Buntings.

The Pine Grosbeak visits us in ex-
tremely cold winters, then it feeds on
juniper berries to a great extent, and it
has alow pleasing warble like a great
many other northern birds. During a
snowstorm it is easy to approach.

The Great Northern Shrike is most
common in the open country, where it
may be seen perched on a tree or a
fenece-post patiently watching for its
prey.

The Bohemian Waxwing is rare in
this section. I once came across two,
which were perched on a juniper tree,
and I had an excelent opportunity for
observing them, as they allowed me to
approach quite close without taking
flight.

CHARLEs L. PHILLIPS,
Taunton, Mass.

><> > +

The Chestnut-collared Longspur.

Of all the birds which inhabit our
North Dakota prairies, there is none
with which I would part with more re-
luctance than with this bird. I never
think of the prairie, that sea of waving

248
green speckled with floral gems of every
hue, without associating with it this
happy little songster. But what won-
der, for it is, I think I may safely say,
the most abundant resident of the prai-
TG,

Unlike the Meadow Lark and Prairie
Horned Lark which seem to prefer

eplowed land grown up to grass and
weeds, and the Baird’s Sparrow which
makes its home in wet and low-lying
prairie land, the Chestnut-collar
abounds on the higher and dryer por-
tions of the virgin field.

It arrives here from the south dur-
ing the last week in April. This year I
find from my note-book that I first ob-
served it on April 22d. By the middle
of May they are extremely common, and
the fields resound with their melody.
Once seen and heard they are not soon
forgotten. They seldom sing except when
on the wing. They will rise from the
eround, make two or three undulating
flights after the manner of the American
Goldfinch, uttering a pleasing twitter,
and, having attained a height of 20 or
30 ft., they will slowly descend to the
ground with wings spread like a para-
chute, at the same time pouring forth
their beautiful but unique song. From
the first rosy messengers of morn till
the last fading sky of evening they are
untired in their singing.

About the third week in May they be-
gin nesting and sets of eggs may be
found from the latter part of this month
to the end of July. The nest is a slight
hollow in the ground lined with dried
grasses, as is usual among other prairie
Fringillidae. The usual complement
of eggs isfour (4), although sets of 3 and
5are not at all uncommon. In this place
the nest of the Longspur is a common
repository for eggs of the Cowbird;three,
two or only one being found per nest.

I think that two broods of Longspurs
are reared each season.

These birds leave us in September.

I append a slight description of the
birds and their eggs.

244

Male—distinguishable by the broad
black of the breast, and the band of
chestnut on the back of the neck.

Female—similar but colors less intense
and marked. 2

Eggs—light reddish-clay with spots of
dark reddish-brown, and sometimes
serawls of the same color; also shell
marks of lilac. :

A set of three eggs in my collection
measure .75x.56, .73x.56, .76x.57, respec-
tively.

In Ramsey Co., this species is associ-
ated with McCown’s Longspur, which
it resembles greatly, both in appearance
and song.

ROLLA P. CURRIE,
Grand Forks, N. Dak.
Fringillade in Newton, Middlesex County,
Mass.

There are about fifteen species of
Fringillide here that have come under
my notice, of which seven are known
by me to breed and the others are only
migrants or winter visilors.

The Chipping Sparrow (Spizella_ soct-
alis) is perhaps the commonest hete,
and best known. It arrives here about
the 6th of April and leaves in October
or November. They begin in the
spring about three o’clock in the morn-
ing and sing most all'day. Their song
is a prolonged trill all on the same
key. and I have noticed two different
trills one sharper and louder, the other
softer and duller. In the fall their only
note isa ‘‘chip.” J found this year the
prettiest nest of this species I ever saw,
it was ten and one half feet up in an ap-
ple tree and was composed of fine
weed stalks, rootlets and fine grass and
lined with white horse hair entirely. It
contained five eggs which were the
usual color, light blue, spotted mostly
at the larger end with black and laven-
der and measured, .72x 50, .72x.50, .76x
50, -75x.50, .75x.50-

The Song Sparrow (Melospiza melo-
dia) comes next in numbers. A few re-

THE OOLOGIST.

main with us through the winter in’
some brush heap, or thick overgrown
spot that is sheltered irom the wind,
but they do not begin to get very com-
mon till about the first of April. They
do not sing in the winter at all, but by ~
the first week in March while the snow
is still on the ground one can hear
them singing from their respective
brush heaps, (first one taking up the
song, of which there are more than
twenty, and the others joining in.
They have also a peculiar squeaking
song, which I have only heard in the
fall of the year. About the last of
April they commence nest building,
and the nest is usually snugly tucked
away in a tussock of grass or bunch of
weeds but sometimes in a small bush,
A nest I found this year on May 128th
was four feet up in a hedge, and con-
tained five egg-, four of them were
light green, spotted mostly at the larger
end with brown and lilac, the other
egg was like the rest only the spots
were smaller “and more evenly distri-
buted, they measured .81x,63, .81x,63,
.72x.56, .72x.56, .72x.56. The nest was
made of leaves, weed stalks and grass
lined with horse hair, it was very fragile
aud quite bulky.

The Purple Finch (Carpodacus pur-
pureus) is rather common here, but -
breeds rather sparingly. It arrives
here in the first week of April, and de-
parts by October. The female is an in-
significant looking bird but the males
of the second and third year are very
beautiful, being crimson above, each
feather of the back having a brown
stripe through the middle, wings and
tail black edged with brown, throat,
breast and sides are crimson, the belly
being white. They feed off the buds of
different trees, or seeds of plants or
fruit.

J had the good luck to find a nest this
year on June 11th, it was fifteen and
one-half fect up in an apple tree, and
was made of weed stalks, flower stems
and rootlets lined with fine grass and

THE OOLOGIST.

horse hair, it contained three eggs,
which were light blue spotted mostly at
the larger end with brown and _ black.
They measured .87x.59.

The Rose-breasted Grosbeak (Habia
ludoviciana) is rather common here ar-
riving by the 12th of May and leaving
by September. I. found two nests of
this species here this year; the first was
found May 38ist, it was fourteen feet up
in a basswood tree and contained four
eggs, which were light greenish blue,
spotted and clouded with black and
lavender, and measured .88x.50, .94x.69,
.94x.69, .91x.66 The nest was compos-
ed of weed stalks and flower stems lin-
ed with fine weed stalks. The second
nest was found June 4th, it was seven
and one-half feet up in a little birch
tree and contained two eggs; ‘the first
egg was the usual color except for a
thick wreath of brown all around the
large end, the second was the same only
instead of a wreath the whole of the
larger end was brown. The eggs
measured 1.x.69, 1.x.66. The nest was
made of weed stalks and small twigs,
lined with fine weed stalks. The nests
are always built near water and aie
usnally quite shallow.

The American Goldfinch (Spinws tris-
tis) is one of our common birds and
may be seen the whole year round. I
have noticed young birds of this species
here in September, that could hardly
fly, and once I found a deserted nest in
a pear tree, but the larger part of them
go farther north to breed.

The Chewink(Pipilor erythropthalmas)
is quite common here, arriving about
the first week in May and departing in
October. They breed undoubtedly and
IT have been told of nests being found
here but I have never found any my-
self.

The Field Sparrow(Spizella pusilla) is
rather common here, arriving by the
last week in May and _ remaining
through the summer. I found but one
nest of this species here; it was in a

245

large field covered with brake, in going
through it one day.a Field Sparrow flew
from under my feet, upon looking
down I discovered, under the top of a
fallen brake the nest, containing four
eggs, which were white spotted with
red and lavender. It is pleasant at
mid day, when most birds are silent, to
hear from his perch on a small bush or
perhaps a telegraph wire, the sharp,
descending trill of the male, while the
female patiently sets on her eggs.

The following are those which I have
observed only as inigrants or occasional
visitors.

The Pine Finch (Spinus pinus) occurs

only in small numbers, in fall or win-
ter, and often with a flock of Chicka-
dees. Their only note seems to be a
wirey see-see see-see, the first note being
the longest and the whole being given
quite fast.
Avanna Sparrow (Passerculus savanna).
IT have seen but one of this species here.
It was the fifth of May, this year, and
the bird was in company with a large
flock of White-throated Sparrows.

White-throated Sparrow (Zonotricha
albicolis) these birds are very common
here during the migrations. They take
from the last of April to the second
week of May for their passage north
and return in September and October.

Tree Sparrow (Spizella montana) this
bird occurs only as a winter visitor. I
have often noticed large flocks around
amarshy spot near here, where they
feed on the seeds of the long grass that.
grows there. Their song is a subdued
warble resembling very much the song
of the Bobolink.

Slate-colored Junco (Jwnco hyemalis)
these birds appear here by the middle
of April on their passage north, which
takes about three weeks, and return
about the first of October.

White-crowned Sparrow (Zonotricha
leucophrys). Ihave but one record of
this species seen by me on the second
day of May, this year, in company with
a flock of White-throated Sparrows.

246

Indigo Bunting (Passerina cyanea).
This bird is rether common here, arriv-
ing by the middle of May and staying
through July. It may breed but it is
doubtful.

Red-poll (Acanthis linaria). I have
seen but two of these birds here, and
that was about the first of September
this year. One was alone and the other
was with a flock of Chickadees.

GLOVER M. ALLEN,
Newton, Mass.

+t ~<D- b>

The Birds in the Bush Fields in Summer.

It has occured to me, that the readers
of the ‘“‘OoLoaisz”’ located here and
there over Eastern North America,
might be interested in an account of
the birds spending the summer in a 40
-acre bush field, near Washington. As
Thave oceasion to visit such a field
nearly every day from April till Nov-
ember, sometime spending many hours
‘of the day there, my memory serves me
readily in recalling its bird-life. The
field is surrounded by a grand forest of
of oak, hickory and chestnut, in which
the Wood Thrush, Wood Pewee,Scarlet
Tanager, Blue Jay, Red eyed Vireo,
White-breasted Nuthatch, Carolina
Chickadee, Black and White Creeping
Warbler, Tufted Titmouse, Golden-
erowned Accentor, Y ellow-billedCuckoo,
Whip-poor-will and Golden-winged
Woodpecker are common.

In the field, especially along the bor-
der of the woods, the ever present Cat-
bird scolds at you, with her cat like
mewing, her nest, of course, being hung
in the alders and tall black-berry bushes.
Here and there among the bushes all
over the pasture,the Brown Thrush and
the Chewink make themselves heard;
and their nests are frequently found,
the Chewink in one case at least, plac-
ing its nest in a bush, about a foot from
the ground. The Maryland Yellow-
throat is abundnant, its nest
never being quite down on the ground,
and the eggs not unfrequently having

THE OOLOGIST.

peculiar pen-like markings, somewhat
after the manner of the Oriole and the
Vesper Sparrow. The Field or Bush
Sparrow isin every part of the field,
delivering its plaintive melody, and
breeds abundantly. Occasionally the
drowsy melody of the Prarie Warbler
isheard. Not infrequently the Carolina
Wren startles one with his spirited but
rather monotouous melody. The King-

“bird perches on the tops of the bushes,
and cuts his curves in quest of insects.
The Cardinal calls to you in his quaint
whistling tones, while his plainer mate
nests patiently in the bushes.

But the most noticible bird-voice to
one from more northerly : latitudes, is
that of the Yellow-breasted Chat or
Crazy-bird,as the boys sometimes call it.

It toots, clucks, whistles and chats,
till its varied notes become so common
as scarcely to attractattention. Should .
you approach its nest, hung in a thicket
of bushes, it will scold you in notes not
unlike those of the cat-bird, only with
more of the pathos of anxious grief.
These syllables of complaint sound not
unlike e7ee-oo cree-oo. This is one of the
birds which may be heard occasionally
at any hour of the night.

Bob-white’s whistle not infrequently
greets .one, and the Indigo bird isa
common songster, often delivering its
spirited warble while soaring high in
air, after the manner of the Golden-
erowned Accentor. The Blue-bird is
also there, and nests in the holes of
trees along the edge of the woods. In
like manner the Great-crested Fly-
eatcher passes its time between the
field and the woods. - The bright colors
of the Goldfinch ornaments the bushes,
and the cooing of the Mourning Dove
is occasionaly heard. Once in a while
one hears the Robin.

Overhead one sees the Turkey Buzzards
soaring majestically, and sometimes
the Red-shouldered and the Broad-
winged Hawks.

J. H. LANGILLE,
Kensington Md,

THE OOLOGIST.

THE OOLOGIST.

A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
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@NTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. ¥., AS SECO

Some Trips for Hawk’s Eggs.

Many years ago I made my first suc-
cessful trip for Red-tailed Hawk’s(Bateo
borealis) eggs, and long will I remember
with what nervousness I ascended that
ponderous oak and reached the large
branch just below the nest. For a mo-
ment I stood, my whole frame shaking
with excitement, then with all the en-

247

ergy I could muster, peeped into the
nest.

Two eggs. How happy Iwas. The
possessor of a clutch of fine large Hawk’s
eggs. My then small collection had
never known such valuable accessions.

Young collectors all have similar ex-
periences. And experiences where-
in they are in extreme danger. Such
incidents are not easily erased from
memory.

In the midst of a small woods about
three miles from my home, stands a
mighty oak, lifting its head heavenward
over a hundred feet, which rocks and

' nods, as it were, to its less lofty neigh-

bors.

Although it has been nearly half-a-
score of years since its construction, the
fragments of a nest can be seen far up
within a few feet of the top. J reached
that nest once, but it nearly cost me my
life.

Gaining the nest I was rewarded with
only one fresh egg of the Cooper’s
Hawk (Accipiter coopert) also new to
my collection.

Howeyer as Ido not wish to tire my
readers with my earlier experiences I
will proceed to describe some of my
last successful trips.

On April 2nd of the present year I
packed my ‘‘traps” and set out for a
long tramp in seach of nests of Bzwteo
borealis.

After a rough walk. of five or six
hours, passing by two deserted nests
from which I took sets last year, I came
within sight of a nest from which I took
a set of two eggs in 1890.Last year I was
disappointed at this point as the nest
was not used. But this time I had
found the object of my search, for high
in alr was a small speck circling against
the light flying clouds, which told con-
clusively that the male was watching
his home. The female left the nest
while I was yet some distance off and
joined her mate.

The tree was a ‘shellbark’ hickory and.

248

very tall and slender, and rocked and
jerked dangerously in the strong wind
which prevailed throughout the day.

The nest was placed near the top iu a
very small crotch ninety feet above the
ground, and was extremely hard to
reach, owing to the oscillating motion
of the tree. The material used was
sticks and twigs for the body of the nest
with a lining of fine strips of bark and
was rather bulky, measuring thirty-six
inches in diameter and twelve inches
deep, outside.

While I was nearing*the nest both old
birds swooped down toward me several
times passing quite *close.

The eggs were two in number, white
with soiled bluish tint. One is marked
over the entire shell with light cloud-
ings of yellowish brown, thickest on
smaller end. The second, which had
become addled: since incubation started,
was marked sparingly and chiefly on
larger end. They,;measure, respective-
ly 2.44x1.88 and 2.40x1.92 inches.

Several other like trips made, but in
no one day did I take more than one
set of eggs.

Leaving the subject of Red-tails I will
now describe my mostinteresting (1892)
Hawk’s nest trip, Interesting because
I found my first authentic nest of the
Sharp-shinned Hawk (Accipiter velox).

Stimulated by recent? finds of Coop-
er’s Hawk (Accipiter coopert) nests, I
decided on the evening of the sixth of
May, to make preparation {for a long
trip the next day.

The morning dawned, bright, and ac-
cordingly, I started on my route.

Four or five miles were traveled with-
out success. Presently, while ascend-
ing a long hill I caught sight of what I
supposed was a Cooper’s Hawk’s nest,
among some vines, forty feet above the
ground in a chestnut sapling, which,
with three or four companions, was
growing from the roots of an old stump
long since mouldered to soil. Upon
pounding on the tree I was pleased to

THE OOLOGIST.

see a Hawk leave the nest and fly rapid-
ly away.

Imagine my surprise upon climbing
up to find a small richly colored egg in
the nest. At first I thought it was a —
runt egg of Accipiter coopert. But the
nest was so small, constructed different-.
ly, and in such an odd situation. While
thus engaged in pondering over my
mysterious find the clear notes of a
Sharp-shinned Hawk rang out, followed
closely by the whisping of wings, as the
old bird dashed past my head. Quick-
ly whirling upward she turned and
with lightning velocity darted past
again. Again and again this perform-
ance was repeated, all the time keeping
up her alarm notes.

Slipping down quickly I hurried away
fearing my already long’presence would
cause the birds to quit their nest.

Pressing on four miles’farther I came ©
across a Cooper’s Hawk sitting
on her nest fifty-flve feet up ina hickory
tree. It contained four eggs,+ pale blu-
ish green and unmarked. Size: 1.95x
1.52, 1,94x1.54, 1.98x1.51 and 1.95x1.51
inches.

The nest was composed of twigs,
sticks and bark. Bark, in this ease as
in general with nests of this species was
used as a sort of lining,c being scattered
over inside wall of nest. This nest
measured twenty four inches in diam-
eter and twelve inches deep, outwardly
including an old squirrels nest upon
which it was placed.

Returning home by another route, I
was so fortunate as to find another set
of four. The nest was of the same ma-
terial as the last, and was placed on an
old crow’s nest fifty feet above the
ground where four oak branches formed
a substantial crotch.

Eggs almost equal ended, pale bluish-
green. One isunmarked and the others
marked sparingly with’blurred splashes
of yellowish. Size: 1.82x1.57, 1.88x1.53
1.84x1.52 and 1.86x1.52 inches.

Returning to the subject of the Sharp-

THE OOLOGIST. 249

shinned. I visited this nest again on
the 14th, as this was my regular Satur-
day route and found the nest to contain

- only two eggs, which as I believed to

- be an incomplet set, concluded to leave
a week longer. Going back on the 2Ist,
I found no more eggs had been laid, so
I took the set.

The eggs were still clean and _ bright,
I was afraid they were badly incubat-
ed. But, notwithstanding the length of
time, incubation was merely started.
They are nearly equal ended and in
color, are bluish white. with slight
grayish tint.

No. 1, which was the first laid, has
numerous small blotches of lavender
gray scattered over the surface. Lay-
ing the egg down with blow-hole up-
ward, scarcely any spots of brown are
visible; but upon reversing the position,
a handsome egg lays before me. Mark-
ed in an oblique manner with rich
chestnut and umber and hiding three-
fourths of the ground in view.

No. 2 is marked with the same tints,
but the smaller specks are very pro-
fuse over the entire shell, and a broad
wreath of bold blotches encircles the
larger half of the egg. Their respec-
tive measurements are 1.50 by 1.18 and
1.51 by 1.20 inches.

The nest which I also took is an in-
firm affair composed of small sticks and

_ twigs, becoming finer toward the inner
side. Outside diameter, 14 inches,

| depth, 7 inches. Inside diameter, 5.50

| inches and 1.25 inches deep.

J. WARREN JACOBS,

Franklin Co., Pa.

SEPTEMBER CONTEST.
Forty-five Judges.
Prize Winners, and ¢redits received
by each were as follows.
1. The Breeding Warblers of West-
| ern New York. 216
2. Acadian Flycatcher. 157

3. A California Collecting Ground,
\ 116

4. A Tramp through Woods and
Marshes in Western Iowa. 67

5. How I Spent Easter Monday. 47

Three other articles received credits
ranging from 6 to 48 each.

Twelve Judges named the prize
winning articles, only two however
named their exact order. Between
these two in point of priority of arrival
of decision the first prize belongs to the
Indiana Judge—but from point of fair-
ness the Cvlifornia Judge is equally en-
titled to the same as there was only
three days difference in mailing decis-
ions which is fully offset by the greater
length of time required by the OG6LO-
Gist to reach the far distant Judge and
besides the California Judge named a
sixth article which was the non-win-
ning article that received the 43 cred-
its.

Taking the above facts into consider-
ation we award each Judge a jirst prize.

The other three winning Judges nam-
ed the articles in the following order:—
1,2, 3, 5, 4. A ease of coincidence
worthy of note occurs in that of the
Judge winning the third prize, he not
only wins a prize of same rank but his
recorded number is also tdentical with
that of last month.

The winners.

(No. 11—Everett Baxter, South

J Bend, Ind.
’ 1 No. 33--C. Barlow, Santa Clara,
| California.

3. No. 12—A. O. Garrett, Lawrence,
Kans.

4. No. 18—L. C. Andrews, Elmira,
Ne

5. No. 19—J. 8. Griffing, Cutchogne,
INEOYe:

Prizes were mailed October 24th,

ugh”

ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs should
be and with “Lattin” must be based ou the pric-
es given in the New “Standard Catalogue.”

it

is the publication number of
this OoLoGisT, and it was
mailed to subscribers Noy. 38.

250

ErRRATA:—The article on page 210,
Sept. Ostocist should have been
headed ‘“‘A Tramp Through Woods and
Marshes in WESTERN Iowa.”

—-

Excursion Club to Attend the World’s Fair.

If you have any desire to visit the
World’s Fair at Chicago, bear in mind
that the United World’s Fair Exposition
Co. is a sound organization, with ample
capital to fulfil their promises. The
company sells tickets on the installment
plan, refunding all but first payment if
you fail to go, apply to United World’s
Fair Exposition Co:, N. E. Dep’t, 406
Exchange B’ld’g, Boston, Mass.

2d Hand Books.—I will give at all times
good exchange for second-hand copies of any
book I offer for sale. J desire at once good cop-
ies of ‘‘A. O. U. Check-List,” and Baird, Brewer
and Ridgeway’s ‘‘History of N. A. Birds’—both
“Land” and ‘‘Water Birds.” Will pay cash.
FRANK H.LATTIN, Albion, N. Y.

ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs should
be and with ‘“‘Lattin’’ must be based on the pric-
es given in the New “Standard Catalague.”

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(inclosing One Dollars)

PRINTERS’ INK,
10 Spruce St., - New York 4,

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For five dollars a copy of the Ameri- \%
jy can Newspaper Dire tory for the cur- 7§
4 rent year (1,500 pages) will be sent, car-
} riage paid, to any address, and the pur- 7s
sy chase of the book carries with it a paid-
7% in advance subscription to PRINTERS’ FIN
M4 INK for one year.

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THE OOLOGIST.

Prizes for Best Articles.

We have decided to give our patrons,
each month, five prizes. These prizes
are to be awarded tothe five best arti-
cles appearing in the O6LoerIsT in which
the offers are made.

For the five articles in this (Noy.) O6L-
oGist which are the most instructive,
valuable and interesting we shall give
as follows:

1st prize—A Part of Maynard’s Birds
of Eastern North America, bound in
boards and leather.

2nd prize—Davie’s Key to the Nests
and Eggs of N. A. Birds in cloth.

3d prize—Same as 2d prize, in paper.

4th prize—Vol. 1 (84-85) YounGe OoL-
oGist, bound in cloth.

5th prize—Vol. III and IV (’86-’87)
THE O6LOGIsT, bound in cloth.

For the Dec. competition we will
give a similiar set of prizes.

The articles entering into competition
must contain at least one hundred
words and we prefer that they do not
exceed seven hundred words, unless
they fairly teem with very, very inter-
esting facts or happenings—Remember
that ‘‘fancies,” ‘‘rehashes,” ‘‘Sparrow
stories’”’ and articles of similiar nature ©
are not solicited and will rarely be
found ‘‘available.”

THE JUDGES: You have been se-
lected to act as one of the Judges in
these Prize article contests, and your
decision must be promptly and fairly
given.

Your decision for this month’s com-
petition must be mailed us not later
than Dec. 10th. Write on back of a
postal card the articles which yow have
decided to be the most valuable, instruc-
tive and interesting in this number of
O6LOGIsST and mail to us. Number the
articles in the order which you think
the prizes should be awarded.

We also give our Judges five prizes,
one to each of the five whose decisions
are nearest the final award of prizes and
in this months competition the Judgs
whose list of five articles is the nearest
the awarded list, we will give a copy of
Davie’s Key to the Nest and Eggs of N.
A. Birds, paper. 2d and 3d) each a
Book relating to Natural History, ele-
gantly. bound in cloth and gilt. 4th
and 5th each a set of Noddy. In ease
of a tie, the earlist mailed list takes the
prize. Address

FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N. Y.

THE OOOLGIST.

Examine the little rose-colored address label
On the wrapper of the OoLoagist, The number
following name denotes the time when your sub-
scription expires or has expired.

56 signifies your subscription expired June 1890.

62 “es ee « Dec. “6
68 gs sf We $s June 1891
74 te be ts “e Dec. ce
80 GY fe oe gf June 1892
86 “ ««_willexpire Dec.
a i - fs i i June 1893

Dec.

We are desirous of straightening our subscrip-
tion books at once and trust our subscribers will
send in their subscriptions for ’92 including all
arrearages, at their earliest conveniences, the
amounts necessary to accomplish this are as
toilows:

“(56"—$1.25. ‘*62’"—$1.00. ‘*68"—75c. “74”—50c.

Should you desire to discontinue your subscrip-
tion to the OoLoaist your indebtedness to us is
15 cents less than the above amounts. The fig-
ures are according to our books Oct 21, 1592 and
renewals Sent since that date have been credited
00 our books, but not on: the label.

CARR'S NATURAL HISTORY STORE.

Sea Shells, Corals, Minerals, Bird Skins and
Eggs, Curios, Supplies for Taxidermists, Ento-
mologests, Botanists and Oologists. Taxid-
ermy in all Branches of the art. Goldfish and
aquarums.

40 page Illustrated Catalogue for 2c stamp.
c. F. CARR

Madison, Wis.

NKURO-KON

——THE——
New and Wonderful
Cure for

iO RAL GLA!

This medicine is warranted to cure or
money refunded. It is for NEURALGIA
only. One bottle enough for the most ob-
stinate case. PRICH ONE DOLLAR. We
employ no agents and do no business with
Druggists. Send us one dollar —postal
note, money order, or currency —iand we
will send you (all charges paid) our regular
One Dollar package of the medicines, ready
for use. If it does noteure your neuralgia
you may return us the package and we wiil
refund your money. Nocure, no pay.

PARISH MFG. COMPANY,
Parish, Oswezo, Co., N. Y.

251

CLOSING OUT SALE

BIRDS EGGS.
{ desire to close out my entire stock at once
and indoing so, wish to call your attention to
the following: ;

INKoreKolye VDC We cat eereoe rere 1
Sooty. Pe RL eee 1
Man O’War Bird ... ml
Bridledy Dern. “troll
BoobysGanneb ese ee 1
White crowned Pigeon...... 2
Great-tailed Grackle 4 a 0
Texas) Thrasher jee. 2 PG SNS eee Ee):
Curve-billed Thrasher..._..... 4 50

AMEDRBIS) TSN ORWEIR ON feposos-soeeo ee ok SONS ORE EEN RL iE 80

Will sell lot $5.00 postpaid. Send for my
October list at once. New list every month.
Lowest prices in America for nice eggs. WAL-
TER EF. WEBB, Geneva, N. Y.

NOVAMBBRR LIST

OF

BIRDS EGGS.

My entire stock of over ten thousand eggs is
being closed out in lots to suit pucnaser. Offer
in October OOLOGIS® will be contluued this
month.

Send for above list at once, if you have not
received a copy.

Have a good assortment of Trays and Datas
that are going cheap.

Until Dee. 15th, I will allow a discount of 5
per cent to readers of theOOLOGIsT. Orders not
less than $2.00. I want io hear from every
working Oologist during next thirty days.

SDPRESS . Walter Fe -VVebb:
Geneva, N. Y.

POP WCORN,

Rice, the best Popping Varie-

ty, erop of ’91, shelled.

By freight or Express at purchaser’s
expense; 5c per lb. In lots of 50 lbs. or
over, 4c. Only about 500 Ibs. left.

Crop of ’92, ears, $1.00 per bu.

F. O. B. and no charge for sacks.

*,* Will exchange for desiresable
eggs in sets.

JOR LIN IK, TEL GA ETONN
ALBION, N. ¥.

490 yarienies or staups $4.00
Duplicates can be returned.
AN UNUSUAL OFFER

W. BP: GRRANY,
827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL
Catalogue for stamp.

a

252 THE OOLOGIST.

$2.50 FOR 50 COTS.

We have recently purchased several desirable articles and specimens in enor-
mous quantities at ‘‘Snap’’ prices. p

Rather than hold them a life time (?) in order to obtain fabulous prices or to
wholesale to other dealers in order that they may derive benefit rom our ‘‘snap”
we have decided to share our good luck with every reader of this advertisement.

The specimens and articles are as follows:

1 New Standard Catalogue of North American Birds’ Eggs. $ 35
1 Egg with data of Noddy. 50
1 Egg of Hammer head Shark. (A great curio from the Pacific.) 25
1 Ege Drill, hand made from best Stubb’s steel. 10
1 Nickeled White Metal Blowpipe. 25
1 Embryo Hook, long handle and nicely finished. 15
1 Sea Urchin from Phillippines, rare. 207 =

1 Fossil Shark Tooth from Virginia. Can be mounted for searf pin or other

jewel purposes. 10
1 Fossil Scaphites Nodosus from Black Hills. 20
1 Sea Horse from Delaware Bay. 35

Total value at fair retail prices. —§ $2.50

The lowest possible price which the above Lot could be ordinarily purchased of
any Dealer in America would not be less than $1.50 and at lowest possible whole-
sale rates at not less than $12.00 per dozen.

We propose to send every reader of the O6LOGIST one of these Lots PREPAID for

ONLY SO CENTS
PROVIDING—that you will either subscribe or renew your subscription to the
OoLoGcistT for 1893.

The subscription price of the OOLOGIST, iucluding Coupous, is 50 ets., making
an even $1.00 for the Lot and the OoLoaist.

If in arrears, the same must be paid in full at the time, or before accepting this
offer. If you have already paid IN FULL for 1893, we will under this condition and
no other allow you to purchase one lot separately.

The only condition on which we will allow a person to purchase more than one
of these Lots, would be, that they subscribe for the OdLoGiIsT for two or more
years—that is, a year’s subscription must invariably accompany every Lot pur-
chased.

This Offer will Hold Good until DECEMBER 15th Only.

At which date we will either withdraw or extend the same to the Holidays—the
offer if extended, will positively expire on December 31st, 1892.
Remit an even $1.00 in most convenient manner, at once to

Frank H. Lattin, Publisher of the Qologis, Albion, N. Y..
STRAWBERRY PLANTS, a & fe

ASPARAGUS ROOTS,
SEED POTATOES.

IT have choice plants of twenty lead-
ing varieties of Strawberries, Tips of
the Ohio Kaspberry, Extra Fine 2 year
old roots of Barz’s Mammoth,Palmetto,
and Conoyer’s Colossal Asparagus and ©
Fifty selected varieties of Seed Potatoes.
Will sell at low rates, or will exchang-
ed for desirable Eggs, specimens or
Books in Natural History.

FRANK H. LATTIN,
ALBICN, N. Y.

pied oo)
FIC N
tam ER LENGr Sor

A pamphlet of information and ab-
stract of the laws, showing Elow to
Obtain Patents, Caveats, Trade
Marks, Copyrights, sent free.
\\ Address MUNN & CGO

iS
PLBUCOCET rrr

> yecaeooneosene el

Monthly.

ENRIRIRIRIRIRARA

VOL. IX.

ALBION, N. Y., DEC., 1892.

KN

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Ro RR 7 ai ) Neserna cana See?

y ergo anee ag lo) Spmencr manta
145 5O0c. per Year. Lo

NO. 12

Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.

Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ ‘““Exchanges” ‘For Sales.” inserted in this department

for 50c per #5 words.
word. Nonotice inserted for less than 5ue.

Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional
Terms, cash with order.

Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at One-half list rates.
©“ DHALERS” Gan use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only,
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted tor “Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only

and according to conditions stated thereon.

SETS to exchange of 12 x-1, 16 x-'. 59 x-3, 120¢
x-3 x-4, 122 x-3 x-4. 372 1-8 24, 431 n-1, 456 2-3 1-4,
476 2-4 2-3, 486 1-2, 510 x-5, 5Y1b X-4. 96 2-3 1-4, F42
12, 736a n-4, 748a 2-6, 758 3-4. Many common
sets wanted. FRED A SCHNEIDER, College
Park, Calo.

FIRST CUASS skins, minerals and plants
With tull data to exchange for the same.
DR. W. BE. ROTZHLL, Narberth. Pa.

EXCHANGH.—I have about 150 first-class
bird skins, such as A.O. U. Nos. 139. 167, 367.
149, 221, 254, that I would like to exchange for a
22 or 32 cal. rifle. I only want a good one. W.
R. BIRD, Mason City, lowa.

TO EXCHANGE.—Double roller self inking
press with 20 fonts type, furniture and $10 for
Safety Bicycle. THOMAS GADSDREN, 725 Ful-
lerton Ave., Chicago, Ills.

TO EXCHANGE.—A large Collection of first-
class birds eggs in sets with data to exchange
for stamps, coms or Indian relics. All letters
answered. D.A. KINNEY, Box 73, WaseCa,
Minn. PY

WANTED.—Books and Papers on Ornithol-
ogy and Oology; in exchange.offer 3 volumes of
Golden Days and 3 volumes of Youth’s Com-
panion. GHORGE H. SHERIDAN. Highland
Ave., Chestnut Hill. -hilahelphia, Pa, ;

TO EXCHANGE. Foreign and domestic
Sets including 311, 3%. 339a, 410, Nightengale,
Merlin, ete. Wanted, books. Mark Twain's es-
pecially; a parrot. or pure bred poultry. Wy-
andottes prefered. ARTHUR E.PRICH, Grant
Park, Ils.

OLD and NEW Violins and Violas wanted.
Have to exchange Musical Instruments. Natur
‘al History books, Birds eggs in complete sets
with data, Fire Arms. etc. P. P. NORRIS,
Lock Box 99. North Topeka, Kans.

FOR EXCHANGE. Several new and com-
plete Volumes of Naturalist’s magazines also

Several odd numbers, also have a few single.

eggs and some nests. Address GEO. W. VOS-
BURG, Box 307. Columbus, Wis.

FOR EXCHANGH. A skin of the Great
Blue Hefon. Any sets of A. O. U. 197, 199, 200,
203 taken in exchange, M. bh. WICKS, JR., Los
Angeles, Cala.

FOR BEST OFFHR.— Fine first-class set,
Reinhardt’s Ptarmigan 1-6 ($24). Wanted first-
elass Sets, firearms. pair fine canaries, field
glass, fine dark lantern. ornithological books,
ete. B.S. BOULISH, 30) W. 103d St., New
York City.

_ TO EXCHANGE.—Chamber’s Encyclopedia
in good condition, cost $20, for first-class mount-
ed birds. EVERETT HE. JOHNSON, 29 High
St., Lewiston, Maine. ;

WANTE..—Coues’ Key or Ridgeway’s Man-
ual. Write stating condijyion and price for
cash or fine specimens of Oregon skins and
eggs. CLYDE L. KELLER, 318-320 Exch.
Blk., Salem, Oregon.

WANTED.—Fire arms, reloading tools, ete.,
or any good offers, in exchange for brds eggs,
Singles and sets. Lattin’s list to select from. ~
Describe what you have and send exchange
price. N. P. BRADT, Johnstown, N. Y

FOR EXCHANGE.—Ist class sets with data,
of 35, 269, 278, 385, 429 with nest, 466, 481, 552a,
597a, 683a, 710. 765 and many others. Wanted
common Eastern sets. DR. a. DAVIDSON,
Los Angeles, Calif.

FOSSILS from different ages to exchange
for tossils. Fossils exchanged for land shells

(snails). Send list of What you have to ex-
change. CHARLES S. HODGSON, Albion,
Tllinois.

TO EXCHANGE.—Set Loading Tools, 50
paper shells 12 gauge, Stamp album. All val-
ue at $1.25. for Megs or Back numbers OOLO-
Gist. CHARLIE E. MATTHEWS, 31% N.
Third St. Newark, Ohio.

I HAVE a fine lot of European Birds Hggs to
exchange for Am. species, also want Bird skins
and Standard books. Only strictly first-class
specimens given or accepted. Send list and
receive mine. MRANIS is ARRIS, La Crescent,
Minn.

254 THE OOLOGIST.

EXCHANGES AND WANTS, Continued.

TO EXCHANGE.—Sample bottles of Tan-
ning Liquid for any 25c. worth of eggs I can
use, regular price $1 per quart. also a few sets
and singles, chiefly of this locality. J. E.
HOUSEMAN, Aylmer, Ont.

EXCHANGE.—Nicely mounted Great Horned
Owl, on stand, for first-class eggs in sets or
first-class skins. .Mounted Hummingbirds and
nests wanted. Few sets of A O. U. 364 wanted.
WHIT HARRISON, La Crescent, Minn.

FOR EXCHANGE.—A Clipper safety bicycle
for wooden cruising canoe. shot-gun and outfit,
or eggs. Also Fancy tumblers and White Jap.
Bantams for eggS or “‘O and O” books. ‘A
Tramp Abroad.”’ Twain. for “Samuel’s N. and
E. Birds.’ ‘Historic Waterways” for ‘‘Cru'se
of the Canoe Club.” Have sets 61971-5 1-4, 633a
1-3, 474b 1-3 1-5, 263 1-4, 390 1-6, 461 1-3 for Ist class
sets Am. Crow. small warblers and hummers.
R. S. LOUDON, Big Rapids, Mich.

A COLLECTION of over 500 stamps in an
International album, including U. S. envelope
stamps valued at $2.50 each. the whole catalog-
ued at $22.70. Wanted, cornet. camera. or rifle,
Will sell for $12 cash. EK. G: RUANYAN, 633‘‘1”
St.. N. W.. Washington, D. C.

OPERATORS ATTENTION.—One Pony Re-
lay, good as new. and A 1 specimens Oregon
skins and eggs for Coues’ Key or Ridgeway’s
Manual. A bargain forsome one. CLYDE L.
KELLER, 318-320 Exch. Blk., Salem, Oregon.

WANTED:—Live Canaries, Goldfinches, Sis-
kins, Linnets, Parrakeets. African Finches,
Cardinals, Bobolinks. Indigo and Nonpariel
Buntings, Owls and Hawks. Will give good
exchange in Fire arms, 4x5 Camera. Stuffed
Birds and Mammals, Bird Skins and Eggs, Mam-
mal Skins, 1 Centenial Business Press. War
Relics. 1 Silver mounted Infantry Officer’s
Sword, finely engraved blade, latest style, new,
1 Miners Tent. 10 oz Duck, and other useful
things. THAD. SURBER, White Sulpher
Springs, West Va.

DEAR SIR:—I enclose herewith ‘‘copy” for
an exchange notice which I would like to have
inserted in nextissue of the OoLOGIstT. I en-
close herewith in payment for same 70c. in
stamps. I find that an exchange or want no-
tice in your magazine always brings more re-
plies than from any paper I’ve ever tried.
Very truly, THAD. SURBER, White Sulphur
Springs, W. Va.

SEND STAMPS for my price-list of N. A.
Birds eggs, sets or singles, at Rock bottom
prices. W.E.PRATT. Lake forest, Ill.

WANTED -Pair of A 1 skins of Golden
crowned Kinglet. Willtgive for same 1 tirst-
class skin of ale Annas Humminbird. JOK
GRINNHE Lu, Pasadena, Cal.

CORRESPONDENCE solicited with a reli-
able person living in Ontariv, with a view to
exchanging birds in the meat. EF. BAKER,
Box 334, Stratiord, Ont.

I WOULD LIKE to buy a few guinea pigs,
Cheap or will exchange pigeons or Youtn’s
Companionstor same. PRANK E. SWHE'T-
SER, Danvers, Mass.

TO EXCHANGE.—Books, “Yeu 'Mhousand
Miles ona Bicycle,’ by Carl Korn (new) tor
eges (Singles or sets) suelis, oird skins, coins,
etc. C. k. CARR, Madisuon, Wis.

WANTED—In exchange for western eggs,
A. O. U. Nos. 106, 194, 208, 201, 331, 373, 387, 461,
413, 674, 735. OSCAR P. SILLIMAN, Box 245,
Watsonville, California,

FOR SALE.—Fine telescope, achromatic
lenses. An induction coil, and electric motor,
Single egys in exchange for others. L. B.
CHADWICK, 1569 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, O.

TO EXCHANGE.—Foreign stamps in large
or small quantities, many rare, for bird’s eggs
or natural history specimens. MALCOLM M,
THOMPSON, St. Croix Falls, Wis.

OVER 1500 stone implements and spear
heads from the mound builders to exchange
for Ist class sets, or singles, or works on natur-
al history. GEO. W. PITM:N, New Castle,
Inaiana. ;

TO EXCHANGE.—First-class eggs in sets
with data and a few bird skins for singles and
common sets. Allletters answered. HARNWY
HEATON, Oberlin, Kans.

WANTED.—Collecting gun, books on natur-
al history, bird Skius anu 12 ga. sheli belt. Can
give for same bird skins, mounted birds and
eggs. JNO. £. HOOPER, Lake Mills, Wis.

WHO WANTS nice set 7 Canvasbacks for
$3.50;3 Am. Ospreys .75;2 B. W. Hawks $1.25?
Balance of collection, containing many rare
sets, at equally low prices. Send for lists. J,
B. HUBBARD, 119 Fenn St., Pittsfield, Mass.

FOR SALE or EXCHANGE.—Caligraph
typewriter, microscope with two eye pieces
and three objectives, 5x8 camera, surg'cal in-
struments and pocket cases,.cabinets for min-
eral or egg collections, 14k gold (warranted)
Century fountain pens, pocket lamps, fancy
vVigeons. eggs in sets and singles. Will ex-
Change for first-class eggs in sets, arrow points
and Indian relics. All letters answered. Cor-
respondence invited. V.F. L. MUELLER, 346
Ninth Strget, Milwaukee, Wis.

EXCHANGE.—Wood’s Illustrated Natural
History, Davie’s Nest and/Eggs of North Am.
Birds (Paper)and Oologist’s Outfit number two,
All the above are perfectly new. Also the OOL-
oGist for 1892. Wiil exchange for Hornaday’s
“Taxidermy and Zoologicial Collectiong,” or
other desirable offers in books or anything else
relating to natural science. Makeorers. JAS,
J. GRIBBLE, Box 213, Austin, Texas.

WANTED,.—Gray’s Botany, books cn Taxi-
dermy, violin, banjo, cornet. Will give first:
class eggs in sets with data, small egg Cabinet,
rare terns of Vermont, mounted, egg trays,
double barreled gun All answered. C. E.
BRYANT, Williston, Vermont.

NOW READY.—“‘Bird Nesting in NorthWest
Canada,” full of illustrations of birds and their
nests and eggs. hunting scenes, Indian camps,
etc. The colored plates of Birds Eggs are ex.
cellent, send 12 cts in stamps for samples of
Colored Plates and Birds, and list of testimon-
als from those who have read this book.

W. RAINE, Torout». Canada.

Kggs of California Murre.
Collected in 92 by the ‘‘eggers” on
the Farallones. One specimen, pre-
paid, 25 ets.; three, 60 cts.; six $1.00.
By express at purchaseis expense,
$1.50 per pozen, $10.00 per 100.
FRANK H, LATLTIN,
Albion, N. Y,

~ ‘THE OOLOGIST.

VOL. 1X.

ALBION, N. Y., DEC., 1892.

NO, 12

EGGs OF THE CALIFORNIA MurRE.—/From photo by C. Barlow.

Professional Egging; or the Collecting of
Murre’s Eggs in California.

“What kind of birds are those?”’, was
one of the numerous queries [I pro-
pounded a deeck-hand on the tug-boat,
while on my trip to the Farallone Is-
lands this summer, We had just steam-
ed through the Golden Gate into the
surging Pacific, with the gray, baren,
sloping shore on either side gradually
ereeping away from us, when a flock
of beautiful birds, with black backs in
striking contrast to their snowy white
‘breasts, winged their rapid flight across
the water from a point near the shore,
and gracefully settled on the crest of a
Wave, a Short distance from the boat.
As these were the first sea-birds I had
noticed, I did not recognize them at

first, though I could have done so had
Ireferred to my prepared list of the
birds I expected to see on the trip.
This, however, was keeping company
with a lime and a piece of codfish, (pre-
ventatives (?) of seasickness) in my
pocket, and was left undisturbed.

So I did not attempt to identify the
birds, but inquired of the deck-hand,
who seemed to have a correct knowl-
edge of the sea fowl, what they were.
He glanced toward the birds and repli
ed: ‘‘Ihose are Murres.” Here was
my first introduction to the California
Murre, and I admired the flock as they
executed many graceful feats in the
water, until the mountainous waves
hid them from view.

The Murre, common as it is, is a
beautiful bird, and a nicely monnuted

256 THE OOLOUIST.

specimen vies well with most sea birds
in one’s collection. J suppose there are
few collectors who have not one or more
Murres’ eggs in their cabinets, yet I
know.that by some they are considered
quite rare, owing probably to the fact
that they are usually found away from
the mainland and are therefore more
difficult to obtain. Probably a major-
ity of the people of the United States
are not aware that the collecting of
Murres’ eggs for food, by organized
parties of men, is a business, so the
operations of one of these ‘egging”’
parties may prove ,of interest to the
readers of the O6LOGIST.

The Farallones and other groups of
islands farther down the coast of Cali-
fornia, are the principal collecting
grounds. The party of ‘‘eggers’’ who
collected at the Farallones this year
were Greeks, and a more hardy and
healthy set of men I never saw. They
ranged in number from five to eight
at different parts of the season. ‘The
light-house keeper and his three assist-
ants also engage in egging during the
greater part of the months of May and
June.

An industrious ‘‘egger” in full uni-
form, and hard at work, is not the
handsomest sight in the world, for
the natuie of the work does not war-
rant his wearing fine clothes. To be-
gin with, their shoes are’- made of can-
vass and the soles are of woven rope.
This makes a durable shoe and one
that will not slip on the steep, rocky
eliffs. The ordinary leather shoe lasts
but a few days on the sarhp, granite
rocks. A pair of overalls and a loose
eotton blouse, tucked up at the bottom
and drawn tightly about the waist, in
order to hold the eggs, completes the
costume.

The Murres begin to nest in May and
in consequence of the depredations
made on their rookeries, they continue
laying until the early part of July,

when the “eggers” cease collecting.
oO fos)

Each pair of birds then manage to
hatch one or two eggs, and by the
time the young are grown it is their
migrating time. On some portions of
the islands there are small caves and
nooks where the ‘‘eggers” do not go,
and here many of the persecuted
Murres find peace. The caves are usu-
ally crowded with birds, squatting on
their single egg on the bare rock,
but they huddle into the most remote
corner when a person enters. The foul
odor arising from the damp caves and
the birds, make too long a visit quite
unpleasant.

A few days before the ‘“‘eggers” in-
tend to begin operations, they select
routes covering all the cliffs where the
Murres lay, and go carefully over them,
breaking all the eggs in order to des-
troy any that may be incubated. In
a day or two another lot of eggs have
been Jaid, which can be collected as
fresh. As the Murres nest on the same
cliffs throughout the season, it enables
the ‘‘eggers’’ to keep the same routes.
Let us start out with the ‘“‘eggers” in
the morning and follow them through
a collecting trip. They have no occas-
ion to hurry in their work, so it is usu-
ally 8 or 9 o’'vlock before they start. A’
few minutes walk across the level‘‘flat”’
of the island, which is covered with
stones and bowlders, brings us to the
foot of the cliffs.

We wind in and out among the gul-
lies, now clambering over the wreck-
age old ocean has cast up; then walk-
ing for a tew moments on a_ level
streteh of rock. This brings to an art-
ificial suspension bridge of wire and
rope, stretching across a small yet
rocky channel of water. Carefully
crossing, we find a well-beaten path
over the cliffs and rocks which leads to
our destination. The party divides,
and each man takes a separate ground.
With their canvass shoes they scale the
cliffs with ease and safety.

Asan “eover? approaches a flock of
oD

THE OOOLGIST. 257

Murres the gulls begin’ their harsh
screams, seemingly to assist in scaring
the Murres from their eggs. The air
is often black with wultitudes of
Gulls. As the *‘egger’’ nears the rook-
ery, the Murres stir uneasily, but re-
main on their eggs until they are sure
their enemy is about to rob thém,when,
with a last glance at their treasures,

they shamble from the rocks and _ soar’

out overthe ocean. The ‘egger” rap-
idly gathers the eggs a&d puts them in
the folds of his blouse. The Gulls,
however, manage to get their share,
and should the collector overlook any,
Larus occidentalis quickly discovers
them. Owing to the voracity of the
Gull, the Murre never leaves its egg for
a momeut unless compelled to.

As soon as the ‘‘egger’”’ ‘“‘cleans out”
arookery, he goes to his baskets and
unloads himself, taking’ care to cover
the eggs securely before he leaves for
another collecting ground. Climbing
about on some of the high cliffs is ex-
ceedinely dangerous and ropes are used
for safety. A solitary ‘tegger” on the
summit of a high cliff at a distance,
with thousands of screaming Gulls hoy-
ering about him is a weird scene to one
who has never witnessed such. The
Gulls are very fierce and many of the
eggers carry clubs, which they wave
vigorously above their heads, in order
to.preveut attacks from these birds.
T am told that one saucy Gull swooped
down on an unwary ‘‘egger” and, fast-
ening its talons in his straw hat, sailed
out over the ovean with it. [can bear
proof to their attacks on persons dis-
turbing their young.

As the eggs are collected the baskets
are put together in some central spot,
and are securely covered with weeds,
weighted down with rocks. They are
left here until all the rookeries hava
been visited, when each man takes two
baskets and the party returns to the
ege-house. Here all the eggs are wash-
ed and then piled up. The egg-house
is a small structure with thick stone

sides to make it cool. In the middle of
the season 250 dozen eggs are sometimes
collected in a single day. When a suf-
ficient number have been obtained they.
are ‘put loosely into compartments of a
large fishing-boat and taken to the San
Fransisco market where they are sold
to hotels, restaurants and bakeries.
6,000 dozen eggs were shipped from the
Farallones this year in a little over one
month’s time. In San Fransisco,
Murres’ eggs are usually known as
“Gulls” eggs. The latter are very pal-
pable but seldom reach the market.

During my stay on the Farallones I
had an opportunity of testing Murres’
eggs as food. I could not detect any
fishy taste in the fresh eggs and liked
them fully as well as “then fruit.”

I suppose it is almost unnecessary to
say that the Murres’ eggs range in color
from a plain bluish-white, through
various shades of green into pure white
as aground color. The markings are
brown and black and often have the
shape of beautiful scrolls. The varia-
tions in color of Murres’ eggs makes .
asevies desirable for a cabinet. One
egg is the full complement.

It is no wonder that the persecuted
Murre seeks a nesting place ‘‘away
from the busy haunts of men,” for the
despoiler of their homes can but he an
object of fear to them. At present, I
think the California Murre exceeds in
numbers any species on the Farallones,
but whether the depredations of the
eggers will noticeably decrease these
birds, or not is a question that only the

future can solve.
©. BARLOw,
Santa Clara, Cal.

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258.

A Collection of North Carolina Birds Eggs.

THos. A. SMITHWICK.

1. Green Heron. 201.

Set a. Walke, Bertie Co., N. C.,
May 16, 1891. Nest of small sticks
- placed 12 ft. upin pine sapling. 5 fresh
eags, 1.48x1.10, 1.47x1.09, 1.49x1.09, 1.53
x1.11, 1.52x1.09.

Set b. Walke, N. C., May 2, 1892.
Nest of small sticks and vines placed
12 ft. up on branches of small alder
bush. 4 fresh eggs, 1.46x1.12, 1.52x1.15,
1.44x1.14, 1.55x1.12.

2. King Rail. 208.

Seta. Raleigh, N.C., June 9, 1892.
Nest in tall grass in meadow. 11 fresh
eggs, 1.67x1.18, 1.57x1.20, 1.58x1.16, 1.55
*1.16, 1.46x1.08, 1.62x1.17, 1.64x1.18,
1.57x1.16, 1.65x1.20, 1.54x1.15, 1.58x1.17.

8. American Woodcock. 228.

Seta. Walke, N.C., May 16 1891.
1 fresh egg, found on the bare ground
in an open field, 1.58x1.19.

4. Bobwhite. 289.

Set a. Weaverville, Buncombe Co.,
N.C., June 10, 1891. Nest on hillside,
composed of grasses, etc. 17 eggs, in-
cubation begun, 1.06x.89, 1.21x.92, 1.16x
OF, 1.19x.92, d1oxi9l, 117x-91, 1 16x
291) 122x921 18x (9200 18x90) 28x 92)
1.17x.91, 1.15x.90, 1.15x.92, 1.15x.91, 1.15
x.87, 1.19x.92.

Set b. Vanceville, N. C., May 31,
1892. Nest as usual, on hillside, 15
eggs, incubation begun, 1.20x.94, 1.14x
95, 1.16x.92, 1.22x.94, 1.21x.93, 1.16x.92,
TWAPSx Oey, TelltsheWeys Ucilse ey lelGp< Be, WEI)
x92 13% 92, ttox 92) 18x 940) ox
92.

5. Wild Turkey. 310.

Seta. Walke, N. C., May 238, 1890.
Nest a few leaves, etc, in open
place in woods. 8 eggs from a set of
10, incubation advanced, 2.70x1.95,2.72
x1.98, 2.64x1.87.

6. Mourning Dove. 316.

Seta. Raleigh, N. C., May 15, 1888.
Nest of twigs, in willow, 7 ft. from the
ground. 2 eggs, rather large embryos,
1.08x.78, 1.04x77.

Set b. Bertie Co., N. C., May 10,
1889. Eggs laidin an old Green Her-
on’s nest, without any repairing. 2
eggs, incubation commenced, 1.15x.86,
1.23x.90.

7. Turkey Vulture. 3825.
Set a. Raleigh, N.C., May 1, 1891.

-1890.

THE OOLOGIST.

Nest under the end of a prostrate log
near swamp. 2 eggs, incubation slight,
2.88x2.01, 2.88x1.98. '

8. Cooper’s Hawk. 333.

Set a. Statesville, N. C., April 6,
1892. Nest about 50 ft. from ground,
composed of sticks and lined with a
little bark. 5 eggs, 1.87x1.48, 1.91x1.45,
1.82x1.40, 1.81x1.42, 1.79x1.42.

Set b. Weaverville, N. C., May 5,
1892. Nest 50 ft. up ina pine tree. 4
eggs, incubation begun, 1.94x1.54, 1.92x
1.51, 1.97x1.53, 1.95x1.53.

Set c. Weaverville, N. C, May 20,
1892. Nest of sticks and lined with
pine bark, 60 ft. up in an oak tree. 4
eggs incubation well along, 1.85x1.51,
1.86x1.52, 1.90x1.51, 1.88x1.52.

Set d. Weaverville, N. C., May,1892.
Nest 50 ft. up in an oak tree. 4 eggs,
incubation begun, 1.86x1.40, 1.83x1.46,
1.80x1.44, 1.81x1.42.

9. Red-tailed Hawk. 387.

Set a. Weaverville, N. C., April 12,
1892. Nest in pine tree on steep
mountain side, overhanging cliff of
rocks, 60 ft. from ground, composed of
sticks and lined with soft. bark fibres.
2 eggs, incubation advanced, 2.07x1.80,
2.12x1.74.

10.. Red-shouldered Hawk. 339.

Seta. Raleigh, N. C., April’10, 1891.
Nest 24 ft. up in fork of sweet gum. 2
fresh eggs, 2.14x1.66, 2.17x1.60.

11. Barred Owl. 3868.

Set. a. Raleigh, N. C., March 14,
1890. Nest 20 ft. up in hollow in dead
top of live birch. 2 eggs, large em-
bryos, 1.97x1.57, 200x1.60.

Set b. Raleigh, N. C., April 14, 1891.
Nest 20ft. up in hollow in dead top of
live birch. 1 addled egg, 2.13x1.68,

12. Screech Owl. 373.

Seta. Weaverville, N. C., April 3)
1891.. Nest in hollow oak, 35 ft. up,
merely a few feathers. 3 eggs incuba-
tion advanced, 1.34x1.14, 1.85x1.14, 1.37
yaloil ff

Set b. Weaverville, N.C., April 14,
1891. Eggs on rotten wood. 3 eggs,
incubation advanced, 1.45x1.15, 1.38x
1.17, 1.86x1.14.

18. Yellow-billed Cuckoo. 387.

Set a. Bertie Co., N. C., June 20,
Nest of sticks and leaves, 13 ft.
up in small gum bush. 2 eggs, incuba-
tion advaneed, 1.13x.90, 1.10x.89.

Set b. Bertie ‘Co. No © dimem25:
1890. Nest 15 ft. up in a beech tree, of
sticks, moss, etc. 4 fresh eggs, 1.13x
91, 1.14x.90, 1.22x.91, 1.15x.89.

.THE OOLOGIST.

Set c.
1891.

Bertie Co., N. C., June 26,
Nest made of sticks, 20 ft. up in

an oak. 2 fresh eggs, 1.28x.90, 1.24x.90. |

14. Hairy Woodpecker. 398.

Seta. Craggy Mountain, N, C., May
1, 1891. Nest in beech tree 30 ft. up.
5 eggs, incubation begun, .99x.76, 1.04x
16, .98x.73, .96x.73, .95x.75,

15. Downy Woodpecker. 394.

Seta. Weaverville, N. C., May 26,
1889. Nest in dead limb of live oak, 25
ft. from ground 6 ft. from body of tree.
3 eggs, incubation fresh, .80x.60, .81x.58
.83x.60.

16. Flicker. 412.

Seta. Craggy Mountain, N. C., May
31, 1891. Nestin hollow beach, 25 ft.

up. 6 eggs, incubation well along, 1.02
X.86, 1.04x.87, 1.09x.38, 1.10x.85, 1.06x
86. 1.06x.84.

Set b. Raleigh, N. C., May 15, 1889.
Nest in hole 30 tt. high in dead top of
live ash, depth of hole 15 inches, diam-
eter about ¥ inches. 8 eggs, small soft
embryos, .98x.80, .98x.81, .97x.81, 1.01x
83, .97x.80, 1.02x.80, .97x.82, .95x.77.

17. Chuck-wills-widow. 416.

Seta. Walke, N. C., May 14, 1891,
Eggs on bare ground in woods, 2 fresh
eggs, 1.43x.97, 1.47x1.00.

Set b. Walke. N.C., May 16, 1891.
Eggs on bare ground in woods. 2 eggs
incubation slight, 1.41x1.00, 1.45x1.00.5

18. Whip-poor-will. 417.

Set a. How Creek, near Ashville, N.
C., May 26, 1888. Eggs on bare ground.
2 eggs, 1 broken, incubation well along,
22x 90.

19. Chimney Swift. 423.

Seta. Walke, N.C., June 20, 1890.
Nest of small sticks glued together,
placed in a chimney of an occupied

-house. 5 eggs, small embryos, .76x.51,
MieeXe Dn emiook Olen. NO XTAGs OX Oly.

Set b. Sans Souci, N. C., June 24,
1890. Nest in a chimney, made of
sticks glued together. 4 eggs, incuba-
tion just begun, .77x.48, .78x,50, .76x.50,
.7TOX.49.

20. Ruby-throated Hummingbird.
428. :
Set a. Statesville, N. C,, May 2,

1892. Nest of soft cotton like material,
covered on the outside with bits of
moss, fastened with spider webs. . 2
eges, .47x.30, .50x 35.

Setb. Weaverville, N. C., May 25,
1891. Nest 25ft. up on limb of an oak

tree. 2 eggs, incubation begun, .48x.33,
»46x,04,

259
Setc. Weaverville, N. C., June 8,
1892. Nest 20ft. from ground on oak

limb. 2 eggs, incubation well along,
.52x.32, .47x.32.

21. Kingbird. 444.

Seta. Walke, N.C., May 25, 1891.
Nest of vine stems, cotton moss, strings
etc., lined with fine grass, placed 20rt.
up inasycamore. 3 fresh eggs, .90x
70, .94x.72, .92x.78.

Set. b. Walke, N. C., July 6, 1892.
Nest of cotton, roots, vine stems, etc.,
lined with fine weed stems and horse
tail hairs, 12ft. up in an apple tree. 38
fresh eggs, .90x.70, .91x.70, .92x.70.

Setc. Walke, N. C., June 6, 1891.
Nest 15 ft. up in apple tree. 8 fresh
eggs, .86x.67, .90x.69, .90x.66.

Setd. Raleigh, N. C., June 19, 1891.
Nest 7ft. up in pine, near end of limb,
3 eggs, small embryos, .91x.65, .92x.65,
.88x.65.

22. Crested Flycatcher. 452.

Set a. Weaverville, N. C., May 29,
1892. Nest of grasses, feathers, mosses,
hairs, ete., 80ft. up in hollow limb of a
white oak tree. 5 eggs, incubation well
along, .87x.68, .93x.67, .88x.68, .91x.70,
.84x.68.

Set b. Raleigh, N. C., May 28, 1892.
Nest 4ft. high in hollow in willow, very
slight, dead leaves and stems, ete. 5
fresh eggs, .87x.67, .85x.66, .81x.64, .82x
66, .88x.67.

Sete. Walke, N. C., June 20, 1889.
Nest in hollow of apple tree limb, 5ft.
high, a few leaves, etc., with pieces of
snake skin. 4 eggs, incubation ad-
vanced, .91x.72, .938x.72, .92x.72, 95x.72.

23. Wood Pewee. 461.

Seta. Weaverville, N. C., May 30,
1890. Nest 20ft. high in pine tree. 38
eggs, incubation begun, .73x.58, .70x.52,
.69x.538.

24. Acadian Flycatcher. 495.

Seta. Walke, N. C., May 21, 1891.
Nest of moss and a few other fibres,
placed 9ft. up at end of a beech limb.
3 fresh eggs .71x.55, .70x.54, .71x.54.

Set b. Walke, N.C., May 27, 1892.
Nest of leaves, stems, fine black moss,
etc,, lined with moss, 10ft. up at end of
a beech limb. 2 eggs, very small em-
bryos, .71x.54, .70x.53.

Setc. Weaverville, N. C., May 21,
1891, Nest 20ft.up in dogwood sapling
3 eggs, incubation begun, .74x.56, .77x
.06, .76x.56.

Set d. Cashoke Creek, Bertie Co.,
N.C., May 19, 1892. Nest of green
moss, suspended below small branches

260

of swinging water-oak limb, 4ft. above
the water. 3 eggs, small soft embryos,
75x.54, .77x.54, .78x.54.

Sete. Weaverville, N. C., May 26,
1891. Nestinfork of thorn bush, 20ft.
up, composed of moss. 8 eggs, incuba-
tion begun, .71x.53, .78x.60, .72x.58.

Set t2. Bertie Co. INE Cx duly, a7,
1890. Nest 25 ft. up near the end of a
beech limb. 2 eggs, incubation com-
menced, .76x.54, .76x.64.

Set g. Alexanders, N. C., June 20,
1892. Nest in a dogwood sapling, 10ft.

up., 3 eggs, incubation slight, .70x.53,
J71x.53, .70X.99.

Set h. Weaverville, N. C., May 19,
1892. Nest in fork of maple tree, 15ft.
up. 3 eggs, incubation begun, .73x.53,
oxciay, Teese.

Seti. Sans Souci, Bertie Co.,, N.C,
June 2, 1890. Nest at end of beech
limb and composed of moss with a few
other fibres. 38 eggs, incubation com-
menced, .72x.54, .73x.54, .72x.08. ~

Set j.
1891. Nest in fork of dogwood twig, 12
ft. up. 38 eggs, incubation begun, :70x
.58, .68x.83, .71x.54.

Set k. Bertie Co., N. C., June 3,
1890. Nest 10 ft. up at end of a beech
limb. 38 fresh eggs, .65x.50, .69x.58, .71
x.54.

Setl. Weaverville, N. C., June 20,
1892. Nest in acrabapple tree, 2O0ft.
up, of mosses, etc. 8 eggs, incubation
begun, .74x.52, .70x.52, .77x.51.

25. Blue Jay. 477.

Set a. Weaverville, N. C., May 5,
1891. Nest in white pine, 60it. up, 95

fresh eggs, 1.05x.83, 1.02x.81, 1.038x.80,
1.10x.80, 1.07x 81.

Set b. Weaverville, N. C., April 24,
1891. Nest of grasses and rootlets, 40{t.
up in chestnut tree. 5 eggs, incuba-
tion just begun, 1.03x.82, 1.08x.88, 1.08x
81, 1.038x82, 1.04x.81.

26. American Crow.

Seta. Weaverville, N. C,, April 24,
1892. Nest 45 ft. upina pine tree. 5
eggs, incubation well along, 1.51x1.10,
156x1.08) 1.55x1.13. 1.58x1.09, 1.58x 1.11

Set b. Walke, N.C., April 26, 1890.
Nest 40ft. up in a pine, of cypress bark,
sticks, moss and pea and potatoe vines.
4 eggs, small embryos, 1.66x1.13, 1.68x
il al yeaa Dorcel lee lh serdar ree axel elie

Set c. . Weaverville, N. C., April 4,
1891. Nest 50ft. up ina white pine. 5
eggs, incubation begun, 1.54x1.10, 1.52x
1.09, 1 57x1.08, 1.48x1.08. 1:58x1 09.

Set d. Weaverville. N. C., April 9,
1892. Nest in oak tree, 45ft. up. 4

488

Weaverville, N. C., June 1, .

THE OOLOGIST.

eggs. incubation advanced, 1.58x1.15,
1,701.14, 1.59x1.19, 1.65x1.18.
27. Red-winged Blackbird. 498.

Seta. Raleigh, N. C., May 18, 1888.
Nest 5ft. high, in button bush. 4 eggs,
incubation slight, .86x.65, .88x.66, .98x
AON OI

Set b. Raleigh, N. C., May 28, 1888
Nest 5ft. high in willow in low grounds.
4 fresh eggs, .93x.70, .93x.68, .93x.68,
98x 67.

28: Boat-tailed Grackle.

Set a.- Plymouth? N. ©.) May d3,
1890. Nest in an old tree overgrow ©
withivy, of grass, ete. 3 fresh eggs,
1.27x.24 1.12x.85, 1.20x.84.

29. English Sparrow.

Seta. Raleigh, N. C., May 11. 1892.
Nest on rafter of porch, of straw and
weed stems lined with feathers. 4 eggs,
incubation slight, .89x.59, .86x.59, .95x
LOU SMO) Xe OO

tS)

30. Wesper Sparrow.

518.

540.

Seta. Weaverville, N.C., April 15,
1891. Nestof grasses and fibre, corn

shucks, ete. 5 eggs, incubation begun,
SSO ATOSION STOO)

31. Chipping Sparrow. 660.

Seta. Walke, N. C., May 25, 1890,
Nest of grass stems lined with hair, 10ft.
high in an apple tree. 4 eggs, incuba
tion slight, 65x.53, .65x.52, .64x.51, .65x
.O2.

Set b. Walke, N. C., May 24, 1890.
Nest. of weeds, grass, ete., lined with
hair, 15ft. up in anapple tree. 4 fresh
eggs, .60x 53. .66x 538, .64x.62, .638x.538.

Sete. Walke, N. €., duly 9) 1892)
Nest 6ft. high on horizontal limb of an
apple tree. 4-eges, small soft embryos,
.66x.47, .68x.47, .68x.46, 67x47.

Set d. Walke, N. C., May 25, 1891.
Nest 8ft. up on a limb of a small oak,
4 egos, small embryos, .67x.51, .71x.82,
16X49, , 71x 52. !

382. Field Sparrow. 563.

Seta. Raleigh, N. C., June 1, 1891.
Nest of giass stems, lined with fine
erass, 44ft. high,-in top of a pine sap-
ling. 4 fresh eggs, .62x.51, 65x.56, .65x
48, .65x.51.

Set b. Weaverville, N. C., May 165, —
1891. Nest of tine grasses, placed in
small pine 2 feet from ground. 4 eggs,
incubation begun, .73x.62, .70x.50, .78x
D1 72x.49).

Setc. Ealeigh, N. C., May 22, 189i%
Nest 3ft. up in small dogwood, of weed
stems, lined with horse hair. 4 fresh
eggs, .69x.48, .68x.48, .70x 48, .70x.48.

THE OOLOGIST. 261

~ THE OOLOGIST,

A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY.

FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.
Editor and Publisher.

Corresnondence and items of interest to the
student of birds, their Nests and Hges, solicited
from all.

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.
Single Subscription - - 50c per annum
Sample Copies = - aS eee 5c each
The above rates Include payment of postage by us.

Hach subscriber is given two coupons, one good

for an Exchange Notice and the other for 25c.

when presented with an order of $1.25 or over.
Send stamp for Premium List for obtaining new
subscribers.

Subseriptions must begin with either January
or July issues. Back numbers of the OoLoGIstT
can be furnished at reasonable rates. send
stamp for descriptions and prices.

tS"Remember that the publisher must be no-
tified by letter when a subscriber wishes his pa-
per stopped, and all arrearages must be paid.

6

NEW ADVERTISING RATES.
20 CENTS PER NONPAREIL LINE EACH INSERTION.
}welve lines in every inch.

SPECIAL [tarES, for advertisements continued
Three months or more, per line................ 15¢
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For advertisements occupying any one issue
One-half column (42 lines) Or more, per line....15¢

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Remittances should be made by Draft, Express
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der one dollar. Make Money Orders and Drafts
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munications to FRANK H. LATTIN,

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for publication shouldbe forwarded: as early in
the month as possible.

@NTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLA:

a

SS MATTES,

Report of Western New York Naturalists
: Associa 0.

The first annual meecing of the W.N.
Y.N. A. was held at Brockport, N. Y..,
Oct. 6, 1892. The business meeting
was called at 2:30 p. m.

The following ofticers were elected:

E. B. Peck, Pres.

Harry B. Sargent, Vice-Pres.

T. R. Taylor, Sec.

E. H. Short, Treas.

Executive committee; Geo.
Harry B. Sargent, T. R. Taylor.
There were seventeen active and two

associate members present.

The following draft of objects was
adopted:

I.—The object of the Association
shall be to afford means for a more.
definite, thorough and systematic study
of the Natural History of New York
State by promoting the mutual acquain-

Guelf,

_tance of those interested, and by bring-

ing together and comparing notes of in-
terest from different sections and dis-
seminating information gathered there-
from.

Il.—To awaken in the hearts and
minds of all a truer love and deeper
interest in the study of Nature, enab-
ling them to “Look through Nature wp
to Nature’s God.”

II.—To promote a truer knowledge
of The wonders of Nuture, by exhibits
of specimens and the reading of articles
relating thereto.

IV.—To lend its voice, its influence
and its labors to insure the protection
and preservation of animal life and to
promote such measiires as shall point
to this end.

NeIu F. Posson, )
TRUMAN R. ‘Taxyror, |
\

ERNEST H. -HOKT, Commnipuee:
GEO: fF. GUELF,

Thirty-one new members were added
to our roll:

At the evening session—whiech was
open to the public—the following inter-
esting papers were read:

“Was the North American Indian a
descendant of the Mound Builders?” by
T. Harry Derrick; “The Rough-winged
Swallow,” by Neil F. Posson; ‘‘What
can we do, anil how shali we do it?” by
Ernest H. Short; ‘'The winter birds of
Harrison Co. Georgia,” by B. S. Bow-
dish. Lecture by Truman R. Taylor;
Lecture by Harry B. Sargent.

Several fine collections of Natural
Sc ence specimens were exhibited by
the following: Harry B. Sargent, A.

262

E. Kibbe, Truman R. Taylor, Nathan
Davis, L. V. Case, Bert Davis, Geo.
Guelf and Ernest H. Short.

T. R. Tayior, Sec.

Two Western Birds.

WESTERN Woop PEWEE.
richardsonit.)

This is a rather common bird of this
locality inhabiting the yonng groves of
willow and other small trees which
grow in abundance along the brooks
and river bottoms. The dull colored
birds may be seen during the breeding
season perched upon some twig watch-
ing for his breakfast or flitting through
the green foliage after insects or with
material for the nest.

The nest ais a cup shaped structure
placed from 5 to 20 feet fromthe ground
in some young tree or among the wild
grape vines, always near a stream and
usually in some dark recess. Of about
twenty nests I have examined all were
placed either in an upright crotch or
saddled onto the side of an upright
branch. Nearly all were composed of
the bark of the wild grape vine or of
the inner bark of box-elder bushes
and coarse grasses, occasionally lined
with wild cotton and does not present
so loose and flimsy an appearance and
is also much deeper than that built by
the eastern Wood Pewee, although I
have never taken one covered with
lichens.

Fresh eggs may be taken from the
first of June to the fourth of July.
Three eggs generally constitute a set
and I have never taken more from the
same nest. They are of a beautiful
creamy or yellowish tinge sparingly
spotted near the larger end with red-
dish-brown or lilac, I have taken some
specimens that were wnmarked. They
vary greatly in size and shape, some
being nearly round while others are
quite long and drawn out but never
pointed. An average specimen will
measure .69x 53 inches.

(Contopus

THE OOLOGIST

The birds do not remain long with us -
after nesting but leave during the first |
half of August for their winter home.

WESTERN YELLOW-THROAT. Geoth-
lypis trichas occidentalis.

This beautiful warbler with its bright
yellow coat and black trimmings may
be seen in this locality flitting along
close to the ground wherever there is
water and plenty of tall grass. Its
favorite haunts are along some stream
or lake over-grown with tule beds and
enough trees around to darken the spot
and make it picturesque.

The nest is usually placed. near the
ground among the high grass and there-
fore hard to find. And then it is often
placed above the water and nota few
times have I been lured away by the
bird to soon find myself caught ina
mud-hole with my boots full of water;
but that matters but little to the col-
lector who desires to add another set
to his collection. The bird when flush-
ed stays near the nest flying among the
grass and tules continually uttering a
plaintive ‘‘peep peep.’ The nest is us-
ually composed of dry tulestems heavi-
ly lined with fine dry grass or bark
and is extremely large for so smalla
bird.

A set of four eggs is the largest Ihave
taken from one nest and I find it to be
the usual number deposited although
most authorities give four to six, I have
found fresh eggs from the last of April
to the middle of June. They are clear
white with black and brown spots and
streaks usually forming a _ distinct
wreath around the larger end. A set of
four in my collection measures; 70x58,
69x52, 71x58, 72x58 hundreths inches,
which is somewhat larger than the ay-
erage.

Most of the birds leave for the south as
winter approaches but I have observed
a few that remain with us during the
winter.

H. M. HALL.
Riverside, Cal.

THE OOLOGIST.

The Fascination of Oology.

One of the most fascinating pastimes
of the age is the study of ornithology
and the collecting of specimens of odlo-
gy:

Itis a study that never tires, and is one
that is constantly full of new life and ex-
citement. A collection began in boyhood
days, and partly finished in the declin-
ing years of life is a thing of beauty and
a joy forever.

As one looks over his beautiful col-
lection, what pleasing recollections they
recall to his mind. Well do I remem-
ber when I first found my nest of Can-
ada Warblers, Sylvania pusilla pileolata
and Virginia Rail, Rallus virginianus,
in fact each set of eggs brings back to
me that day’s experience, the place, and
its happy recollections

Many a day have I spent

“Tn the forest dim and old,”
listening to the sweet voice of the Red-
eyed Vireo, Vireo olivaceus, or watching
the Wilson’s Thrush, Turdus fuscescens
as he called to his mate from a_ neigh-
boring tree. There in that sweet soli-
tude, it was the
with nature,
flowers.

My brother Naturalists evidently re-

call to their minds, such scenes, which
they treasure as some of their most hap-
py days. -

Iam far from being an advocate of
the annual nest robbing by the thous-
ands of boys who, just for the sake of
having an ‘‘egg collection” rob every
nest of our songsters within their reach,
but for those who love Nature, the
scores of different species of birds which
have their habitation within our vicin-
ity, the study of their habits, and their
peculiarities, together with the beauti-
ful marking of their eggs, they are the
persons to whom I suggest the forma-
tion of an odlogical collection, and the
‘continuance of it through life for it
will prove a constant reminder of days

natural communion
among the sweet wild

263

long gone by and they will recall mem

ories which time cannot eradicate.

My business being that of a traveling
salesman, but a naturalist from birth, I
see before me sets of eggs collected in
various states, and each has a short his-
tory, which make them all the more
dear to me, as they recall so vividly
those pictures of memory.

Eighteen yecrs ago, in the county of
Chenango I commenced the formation
of my cabinet, and it has slowly grown
till to-day I have several hundred sets,
from all parts of our country, and they
have long reached that point, where
their intrinsic value (with me) has pass-
ed, for they are rich in the history of
odlogy, ever remindful of those summer
rambles, vacations, camping parties
and collecting trips.

My naturalist friends will all agree
with me in saying that ornithology
grows more fascinating year by year,
and should we live till the “silver tints
the gold,” we will still be, but less active
enthusiastic students in our study of
bird life.

May the time hasten when we shall
have more students of ornithology and
less boy egg robbers.

Wm. B. LiMBURGER,
Randolph, N.Y.

es

To the Ornithologists of Illinois.

The results from the short notice I
placed in the November O6éxLogeist, for
help in ornithological work on the
birds of this state, have been far from
satisfactory.

The general distribution of probably
the majority of the Illinois birds has
been sadly neglected by our most prom-
inent writers. In fact, Illinois compar-
ed with some other siates, has had very
little systematic and scientific research
among her birds. To partially remedy
this and advance the knowledge of our
Illinois birds, Mr. A. C. Murchison, of
Kewanee, IIl., and I have decided up-

- 264

1
onaplan to be accomplished only by
the combined help of all Illinois work-
ers.

This state has many ornithological
students in the field and by bringing
their observations together and combin-
ing them,very satisfactory results could
be obtained. Itis desired to make a
thorough investigation into the distri-
bution, nesting, arrival and departure
of the birds throughout the state; to
publish the same and give due credit
to each observer. Therefore all Illi-
nois workers are invited to help and to
send in their names at once in order
that circulars may be sent. This work
‘cannot be carried on unless a sufficient
number of stations be established. It
is intended to commence work by the
first of January, 1898, and your early
and prompt reply will oblige.

Wo. E. Loucks.
Peoria, Ills.

-— <>

Cerulean Warbler.

In our rambles through the wood in
the neighborhood of Buffalo, N. Y., I
have often noticed some beautiful
Warblers, mostly in the middle of May,
when the foliage is not yet fully devel-
oped. Those wood that contain -high
and old beech trees, seem to be their
favorite places, perhaps that insect life
is more abundant there. ‘Toward the
end of May until the middle of June
I stayed with friends near Buffalo and
there observed on the border of a Jarge
wood in an elm tree a pair of Warblers
building their nest. They seemed to be
a species that differed from those that I
had observed before. It was with a
great deal of difficulty to watch them

as the nest was on a yery Small limb -

quite a distance from the trunk of the
large elm tree, I should judge not less
than 40 feet from the ground. The
construction of the nest and its final
completion must have taken at least
from 8 to 10 days. In the earlier part

THE OOLOGIST.

of those, say 8 days, the male sang on a
neighboring tree in the morning and
toward evening splendid, but lam at a
loss to give a resemblance of the notes.
When the nest was completed and the ~
female on it I would only occasionally - :
hear.a few notes which sounded like
zee zee zeep, this is as near asI can ex-
press itin words. It wasa great treat
to see these bright azure blue coiored
birds flit through the not yet whole
developed leaves. They seemed to me
with their partly light colored tail
feathers similar to our American Red-
start, but they are smaller in size.
After, say, 8 or 10 days not a sound was
heard by me, when I came near the
nesting place and it took a minute
watching to see the male bird, and on-
ly in one instance I observed the male
close by ‘the nest, perhaps bringing:
some nourishment to the female. On
the 15th of June I thought it might be
brightest time for me to see whether a
full complement of eggs were laid.
After a hard climb I came in a straight
line of the nest, By walking out on a
lower branch, I was within reach of the
nest. The female looked at me with
its bright eyes and staid on the eggs
until I almost touched her. Four of
the nicest eggs of a blueish white color
speckled with reddish brown spots.
partly lilac, almost uniform on the
larger end, the largest the size of not
quite a pin’s head, were :evealed to my
gaze. Only one of them is a_ trifle
smaller and the spots are fewer, per-
haps the last laid egg. When blown
the color changed into a clear white.
The eggs were fresh. I cutthe nest off
which is in my possession. It is more
ahanging nest, 3 inches in diameter
and 12 inches deep, you might say wov-~
en toa slender fork of an elm twig,
constructed of ffne grasses and hair in
the inside, being from 3-16 to 5-16 of an
inch thick,interwoven with spider webs
and covered artistically on the outside
with light grey colored lichens, :which
gives it a most charming appearance,

THE OOLOGIST. 265

In order to be positive I shot the
male bird which proved beyond any
doubt the identity.

I have since then, this fall, shot sev-
eral more of the Cerulean ‘Warbler,
which during migration time seems to
be quite abundant in our neighbor-
hood.

EDWARD REINECKE.

<> © <>

OCTOBER CONTEST.

Sixty-three Judges
Prize winners and credits received by
each were as follows:

1. Among the Hummingbirds. 255.
2. The Genus Thryothorus. 208.

3. The Californian Bush-Tit. 153.
4. A Ramble in May. i386.

5. The History and Mystery of Jacob
Potter, Jr. 87.

Two other articles received 45 and 59
credits respectively.

Seventeen Judges named the win-
ning articles—one their exact order
and four in the following order:—1, 2,
3, 5, 4—these five received the Judges
prizes.

1. No. 80—Chester Irvine, George-
town, Texas.

2. No. 3—Frank H. Nutter, Minnea-
polis, Minn. -

3. No. 2i—A. O. Garrett, Lawrence,
Kans.

4. No. 32—E. J, Shaefer, New Or-
leans, La.

5. No.47—C. Barlow, Santa’ Clara,
Cal.

Prizes were mailed November, 238d.

CARR’S NATURAL HISTORY STORE.

Sea Shells, Corals, Minerals, Bird Skins and
Eggs, Curios, Supplies for Taxidermists, Ento-
mologests, Botanists and Oologists. Taxid-
ermy in all Branches of the art. Gold fish and
aquarums.

40 page Illustrated Catalogue for 2c stamp.
¢. F. CARR, Madison, Wis.

Prizes for Best Articles.

We give.our patrons, each month, five
prizes. ‘These prizes are awarded to
the five best articles appearing in the
OGLOGIST in which the offers are made.

For the five articles in this (Dec.) ObL-
OGIST which are the most instructive,
valuable and interesting we shall give
as follows:

1st prize—A Part of Maynard’s Birds
of Eastern North America, bound in
boards and leather.

2nd prize—Davie’s Key to the Nests
and Eggs of N. A. Birds in eloth.

ad prize—Same as 2d prize, in paper.

4th prize—Vol. 1 (84-85) Youne O6x-
OGIST, bound in cloth.

5th prize—Vol. III and IV (’86-’87)
THE O6LOGIST, bound in cloth.

For 18£3 a more valuable series of prizes
will be offered. Full particulars will be
given in January Oologist-

THE JUDGES: Yow have been se-
lected to act as one of the Judges in
these Prize article contests, and your
decision must be promptly and fairly
given.

Your decision for this month’s com-
petition must be mailed us not later
than Jan. 10th. Write on back of a
postal card the articles which you have
decided to be the most valuable, instruc-
tive and interesting in this number of
OO6LOGIST and mail tous Number the
articles in the order which you think
the prizes should be awarded.

We also give our Judges five prizes,
one to each of the five whose decisions
are nearest the final award of prizes and
in this months competition the Judgs
whose list of tive articles is the nearest
the awarded list. we will give a copy of
Davie’s Key to the Nest and Eggs of N.
A. Birds, paper. 2d and 38d each a
Book relating to Natural History, ele-
gantly bound in cloth and gilt. 4th
and 5th each a set of Noddy. in case
of a tie, the earlist mailed list takes the
prize. Address t

FRANK H. LATYIN,

Albion, N. Ve
CAN

PER
MAKE o4 DAY

Handling the FASTEST SELLING article on record
OVER A MILLIUN SULDIN PHILADELPHIA!
No matter where you reside: everybody
wants them. Write to-day, enclosing 2c +3am
and we will mail youd Free Samples and full
particulars, Which will enable you to commence
work at once. Circulars free. SMITH MFG,
CO., No. 171 Pepper bldg., Phila., Pa.

266 THE OOLOGIST,

CIRCULAR DISTRIBUTERS WANTED.

Publishers, Patentees, Manufacturers, etc.,
are daily requesting us to supply the addresses
of reliable circular distributors, bill posters,
etc. Brunn’s success is marvelous, and will
open np in 200,000 AGENTS HERALDS next issue,
to be mailed to business men, new, profitable
and permanent employment to one man, woman
or youth in every town and hamletin the U. S.
and Canada. ‘The early bird catches the
worm.” Wewantafew such ads. as Brunn’s
(sample below) to start with in this month’s
MAMMOTH editions of AGENT’S HERALD.

RUN Nails up signs, distributes circul-
ars, papers, samples, etc., through-
out Blackhawk and surrounding counties
only $3.00 per 1000. Address, W.H.BRUNN,
Waterloo. Ia.

Brunn paid $2. 40 to insert above 4 lines; June
°90. He began during the summer. That ad.
paid then; is paying yet. He has been kept con-
constantly busy, emplovs three men to assist
him, clearing on their labor from $10 to $15 a
day distributing circulars at $3.00 per 1000 for
many firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD.
It costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone
to mail 1000 circulars. A saving to each firm
who employ you of $7 per 1000. Ten firms may
each send you 1000 at the same time, making
1000 packages of 10 each, for distributing which
you would promptly receive $30, 315in advance
and $15 when work is done. Parents make
your boys a present. Start them in this growing
business. Begin this neat business before
some one in your county gets the start of you.
“Come inon the ground floor.’’ Instructions
How to Conduct the Business, Free. to each
distributor ONLY, who sends us $2.40 cash or
postage stamps for a 4 line ‘‘ad’’.

AGENTS HERALD,
No, 171 South 8th Street, Philada’, Pa.

400 yarieries or stamps $1.00

Duplicates can be returned.

AN UNUSUAL OFFER

W. PF. GRAANY,

827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL.
Catalogue for stamp.

Made in all styles and sizes. Lightest,
} strongest, easiest working, safest, simplest,
m4 most accurate, most compact, and most fe
fmodern. For sale by all dealers in arms. &
Catalogues mailed free by

The Marlin Fire Arms Co,

New Haven, Conn., U.S. A.

BIRDS-EGGSs =
Christmas -Offer.

December List Now Out.

My Entire stock of Eggs offered for sale at.
Christmas Prices. New List contains Bargains,
such as this: i

Between now and the Holidays to
everyone sending me $3. I will mail
postpaid Chachalaca 1-8. Bridled Tern
1-1, Noddy Tern 1-1, Sooty Tern 1-1,
Curve-bill Thrasher 1-4, Sennett’s
Thrasher 1-4.

Write for list at once if you wish to
buy eggs. Address

WALTER Ts Wikies
Geneva, Neve

ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs shoul&
be and with ‘‘Lattin” must be based on the pric-~
es given in the New “‘Standard Catalogue.”

THE DICTIONARY HOLDER

Did you ever learn what fabulous results grew out of the
manufacture by Mr. Noyes of an ornamental stand to hold the
dictionary? Thestory reads hkea fable but to tell it one must
ask another question: Huve you ever noticed the advertisement
of the Aermotor Company, which starts out as follows:

45 sold in "C3 é
2,263 soldin°6S> f
6,268 sold in ’SO

20,049 sold in ’9f
60,000 will be sold In IQ2*

“i>, A Steel Wirdmill and Stee?
Tower every 3 milnaitcca,
These figures teil tha

¥éq story of the ever-growing,
7 ever= goings evena2ouney,
Stoel Acrmoter. Where
A one. goes others tollcws
and we “Take the Country. ®
Well, that establishment helongs
to La Verne W. Noyes, andthe ff,
means with which it was built
up untilit is the third Jargest ji)
user of steel inthe West (being jf
only exceeded by two of the
great Harvester companies)
was wholly furnished by the =
Dictionary Holder business. This
brings us back to the Holder, and
suggests inquiry as to how it took
and held aud still holds the field,
increasing rapidly from year toycar.
The secret of that success is this;
Mr. Noyes has made a most perfect,
artistic and meritorious article, and
has maintained a igh standard of -
excellence and supplied the article
ata low price. The merit of these
Dictionary Holders has been sogreat
that they literally sold themselves, 4
and insuch great quanti- /
ties that asmall profit on
each one has made the
result above mentioned.
They haye gonetoalmostevery
habitable portion of the globe,
even tothe remote islands of
the sea, and are kept by all *
booksellers,

Ps
Fi

bi

ie

THE OOLOGIST. 267

me DO FOR. 50 CTS.

We have recently purchased several desirable articles and specimens in enor-
mous quantities at ‘‘Snap”’ prices. ;

Rather than hold them a life time (?) in order to obtain fabulous prices or to
wholesale to other dealers in order that they may derive benefit rom our ‘‘snap”’
we have decided to share our good luck with every reader of this advertisement.

The specimens and articles are as follows:

1 New Standard Catalogue of North American Birds’ Eggs. 30
1 Egg with data of Noddy. 50
1 Egg ot Hammer head Shark. (A great curio from the Pacific.) 25
1 Ege Drill, hand made from best Stubb’s steel. 10
1 Nickeled White Metal Blowpipe. 25
1 Embryo Hook, long handle and nicely finished. 15
1 Sea Urchin from Phillippines, rare. a 25
1 Fossil Shark Tooth from Virginia. Can be mounted for searf pin or other

jewel purposes. 10
1 Fossil Scewphites Nodosus from Black Hills. 20
1 Sea Horse from Delaware Bay. 30

Total value at fair retail prices. $2.50

The lowest possible price which the above Lot could be ordinarily purchased of
any Dealer in America would not be less than $1.50 aud at lowest possible whole-
sale rates at not less than $12.00 per dozen.

We propose to send every reader of the O6LoGIsT one of these Lots PREPAID for

ONLY 50 CENTS
PROVIDING—that you will either subscribe or renew your subscription to the
O6LOGIsT for 1893.

The subscription price of the O6Loeist, iucluding Coupons, is 50 ets., making
an even $1.00 for the Lot and the OoLoGistT. :

If in arrears, the same must be paid in full at the time, or before accepting this
offer. If you have already paid In FULL for 1898, we will under this condition and
no other allow you to purchase one lot separately.

The only condition on which we will allow a person to purchase more than one
of these Lots, would be, that they subscribe for the OdLoGisT for two or more
hs neg is, a year’s subscription must imvariably accompany every Lot pur-
chased.

This Offer will Hold Good until DECEMBER 3lst Only.
Frank H. Lattin, Publisher of the Oologis, Albion, N. Y,

Examine the little rose-colored address label

8000 009G0000000000000SO000O080OSO8 on the wrapper of thé Oo.oaisr, ‘The number

HE RIPANS TABULES regulate the stomach, following name denotes the time when your sub-

Reena owels snail y rae pieod, are pleas: scription expires or has expired. The tigures are

remedy for Biliousness, hictohes on the Face, according to our books Nov. 15, 1892 and renewals

Bright’s Disease, Catarrh, Colic, Constipation, sent since that date‘have been credited on our
books, but not on the label.

Chronic Diarrhcea, Chronic Liver Trouble, Dia- :
56 signifies your subscription expired ¢ une 1890.
62 “ec se ee ee

betes, Disordered Stomach, Dizziness, Dysentery,

Dyspepsia, Eczema, Flatulence, Female Com- ec v6
laints, Foul Breath, Headache, Heartburn, Hives, - x ie * 5s J ate 1891
aundice, Kidney Complaints, Liver Troubles, 68 ; 8

Loss of Appetite, Mental Depression, Nausea, 74 os be “ ‘ Dec.

peu asty Letina ee 80) ae ‘ “ ts June 1862
LO SY Bee te ¢ z as «) " -wilLexpire Dec. “

to the Head, Spee Ci pe ae “ (og aie at Oana: 74693
lexion, Salt Rheum, Scald 2 AG 6% e se v6 Dee be
ead, Scrof- ula,Sick Head- 98 ec. :

ache, Skin Dis- eases,Sour We are desirous of straightening our subscrip-

Stomach,Tired Feeling ,Torpid tion books at once and trust our subscribers will

Liver, Ulcers,|. Water Brash send in their subscriptions for 793 including all

quae cie eget aan arrearages, at their earliest conveniences, the

oe amounts necessary to accomplish this are as

impure blood or a failure in the proper pero
ance of their functions by the stomach, liver and
intestines. Persons given to over-eating are ben-
efited by taking one tabule after each meal. A
continued use of the Ripans Tabules is the surest
cure for obstinate constipation. They contain
nothing that can be injurious to the most deli-
cate. 1 gross $2, 1-2 gross $1.25, 14 gross 75c.,
1-24 gross 15 cents. Sent by mail postage paid.
Address THE RIPANS CHEMICAL COMPANY,
P. O. Box 672, New York,

080800000 000800980950000500050868

foilows:

56"--$1.75. “627—$1.50. *'68”—$1.25. “74"—$1.00
Should you desire to discontinue your subscrip-

tion to the OoLoaisT your indebtedness to us is

50 cents less than the above amounts.

aie is the publication number of

this OsLoGisT, and it was
mailed to subseribers Dec. 6.

SOCOSCOOSOHOSESOCOHOOOSOOOOVOSEOCOOOCOS
©8600060080080000080008089800000800000

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Ife SIZ* SNIZ> SAILS SNIZ> SSIZ2 SN

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MV, NY
a The Little Schoolmaster in the ah
rN Art of Advertising: 7
Ww NZ
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MW 2a NY
78 dots Hige aN
A Weekly Journal for Advertisers, |

NP y qi NY;
7. inal 2 78
NP Will be sent to Ny
aves -any address 1
%. from date of order yk
\, to Jan. 1, 1894, Wy
IN A SABO es 9” 7X
VY os re ey NV
NA \T 7s
Wy ONE DOLLAR 1 Ws
Na 7X
V 7 NZ
iN : WN
\ ADDRESS Ws
A _. (inelosing One Dollars) a
“iN 7iN
ws PRINTERS’ INK, v
aN y : SZ
}, 10 Spruce St., 2 . New York {)
? — aN

Z Wor five dollars a copy of the Ameri- Wy
wk can Newspaper Directory for the cur- 7j<
4 rent year (1.500 pages) will be sent, car-
7% Yiage paid, to any address, and the pur- 7
WZ chase of the book carries withit a paid: wW
7% im advance subscription to PrRinvurs’ 78
My In«k for one year. NZ
aw SIZ AIZ NIZ IZ NIZA MZ NIZA MZ MZ S Ze aN
FAS RS IS AS IS OSS OS OOS OS SoS

Hi) ONLY BIREGTORY on Barts
Guaranteeing 30,000. For
only 10 cents (regular price
25 cents.) your name, if re-
4.4 ceived within next 30
\ days, will be BoLDLY
] printed on gummed
paper, and from Pub- °
i) lishers, Manufactur-
j}ers and others, you
willreceive hundreds
probably thousands,
of valuable Books,
Samples, Papers, Maga-
zines, etc. All free and
each parcel with one of
SS your boldly printed ad-
dresses pasted thereon. EXKWRA! We willalso
print and prepay posiage on 500 of your gummed
addresses to you, for your personal use ; which are
valuable to stick on your envelopes, books, etc., to
prevent their being lost. REIDSVILLE, N.C., Dec. 6,
1891. DEAR SirRS—My 500 addresses received. From
my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory I
have received over 3,000 parcels of mail. My
Addresses you scattered among publishers,manufac-
rivers, etc. are arriving daily, on valuable parcels of
Gail, from all parts of the World. J.A.
THE LIGHTNING DIRECTGRY C€O@.,

Department No. 171, Philadelphia. Pa.

——

Wai y hea

ie

made easy Mauufaccure-
ing Ruoberstamps,Send
for Price List of Outfits.
toJ. EF. W. Dorman &
Co., 217 East German
Street. Baltimore, Ma.

Aj Can coin big money. Bran new
st plan. Great craze Just out.
A

+ “Good side line.” Biggest chance
ever oifered gents. salary or com-
mission. Be quick. Goods on

credit. Samples, etc Free. MUL-

TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust, Philu..Pa.

ic,

THE OOLOGIST. igs ie

Fossils, Agates, Shells, Cora!
and Curlosities. Crevaceou
Fossils of Eastern Monta

naa specialty.

\\

Scapuites Nopusus, M. and H.

Aporrhais) biang alata een
Actaeon atilenuata ..2.-.-

Anisom: on “attelliformis..
Baculites ovatus ........ a ea

Gallistay DEWe vit s 22. Gola ec eee
DentalimmMreraciles 2202s ee ee
Haminea minor.......-..
Volsella Meeki........ ..-
Veniella subtumida _.
Tnoceramus convexus.

Lunatia concinna __.
wucina subundata __._. '
Margarita Nebrasensis...
Nueula cancellata______...-
Scaphifes nodusus ..
Martesia cuneata ___.
SDT USE StS OMe ee ee ee
Fossil woud, containing Martesia, or Turnus..
Teel CLS Uy 20S Ci ee .25 to
Rock containing a variety of small fossils.25 to
Tregonucarpus nuts (ossil) size of Hickorv

TUNG cs ee ee 20 tO
Fossil leaves _.... gg VE CLSIEG
Agates, TOUG: 3 ( ee en ee 10 to

TOKO) UISVUYE 0 Wise ea Ge ee 25 tO $2
Galifornia OnVvaxs WOUS Hw cians
Petoskey Agates, * Pree asa.)
HOSSILPETIS 8 oe ay
Petrified wood __.. 2

Agatized wood ...
Poreelainite._.....-.--- ue
One y-COnnW la Vaio se eee
Sponge lava, will float in water... _ )
Lava. has been melted, and run like molasses)

(CEI NO eet oa 5 =i LT al CSS. 8 SARE Wi Maes 15 t
Antelope horns, on upper part of skull, p
| OYE teams sien epee RUARUpacetl 2 Si $L.50 10

Buffalo horns. per pair_..___..
Rattles trom Rattlesnake

Large Assortment of showy American and
HOMESUTS TON Spe wees eee ly fo $5.00 €

10 ner cent discount on cash order
$10 OO or more. °
Send for price lists. f
Homer squyer,
Mingusville, - =

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mah

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