wt a re F cons» loll bk Wad tek ile .o 4g whe F N inn Moves LL ates SVL | “gre win MA re par sf s ae 13 Wikdlis Whi. diy’ Vr \4- Rae - Arnab ahha {HE | ‘,oybape® NS | An SLND AA TA No JO ie i ¢ +s elt we | wr. d co i wes 5 == S., Shree vat A * wa wat Ae een ie) 4 ee im. rh “"y re TTT serene Hye rin 6 ah ALT Wy AMMEN ger cn Auitee U yeaa SNBUy oe ro) Sy “ v. me aA rn~ “4 hie need moyen oy shniivvy vent ail Age d UT La | cule ager! ah one tore tat Aan WShts. z manta? 05 OE < 1 aA : ah vaya tig Wien: acca Fill ives ML I aaa OO RNG Hh Aigh | ive : ehh WA 7 yA aoey{aity ay tt, sy ni nat" Vou a eu ty ay + fe NS et cag ieee & oeel Ws mi wy wody Oe V84e290 5%") Se J ha bebei@h WoL Pet IM Ne af Bboy : saigee du ve a) Lyn AU EAESHELULLS owen SS iene CTI Mey nn sn nN ; q 4 y » bid Vucar emmatt eA is be NM : » axe pI: aT i iviy| bw | ah $2 MG. LA Ld Wt HipUwy ¥¥¥> Yeyer ao. me a, 1 é 4 Tried Ay ; Py a ab Nghe Prien, Wl wae ‘ TN aA, Re been tge \y 4 a "7 auunpesbore eee . fe ye 9,64: Hh Gi nal . Y aaa . VE Labalel : Rin ; ey \oo™ ™ . & i \ Ly | : Wy Y a2 ».. oe wh © a, APA Ee, eRe A) AL THe neki shhaddha.. 4 <; Yay Cram. Vr ry CURA E I | Ula S,ateaearese b Leen aye pre a VP tae oh 00 v >. | vO Sy, SEL sue - Th ny] j | a J Pef j nant Pavey es mn Baan Nad open AY ¥ Sal aan \ i A. a’ c.. Vee. A pada >. j SIH ae ceceeeneptinraiisaniee +i m femten) Le mB! SLIT YY YY LAN Y baraus ou ct gf +e vpb We 2pRRR WY Ty ro . teers nee | NaN, ; 7 Lima Fat tooled nee Nae ( a ial agp 08? 1". cen we Rye Tw A ay | bg ‘ ly AL | Att Pee e an poamahasa som nnagiat Ne os a RaEeee ‘ alt meal - be ps) ry Wantnned” Poh, tee 1a r gpd ae pgaane ght aaas ST DED Ewes ays saul Ty y > Fo Bib, a va PP Ls ‘Pages saat : Ta a she . Vai a8 L, ada \' owe monies A ie \n PS ath 28 oN We gaipa bi ~ ‘ Jen, BN aan Whe auetepalice! + Aa! a g ‘4 x. | Ny, ‘94 oe “eB oP dys. > Bj ye Pham | 5 perry A AAI Dana iultl ) ue . Vey Dt pap. en an >. TUS m eR Pe L * Ae: th ted ade ao tg os TL oF “& 2 . a f Weal «) aa $ Prey » me | iannaane rYeTy Rane ctraabe tpt ey ia a We P ‘yy vA RPAaueh oo ussets agen oo Mal 2 Me lancome crn Aue wy Pye Ea. c a VO bape all ryan an { Danang We ‘a. ~~ oxy Yr shar —Ntie | \a ; af eae lin. AUS ee Ages TETAS Ne, . Bu Sign ie x Mag Maly il re jiieuy, Gg ee hene, arly, eé apie AAENe 7 s tbe \ warasasy a nm XY ‘NG i. | yt -- aes Pe wr say ‘dun, \ May Renan, a ook melied.a, toe TH LUAU Ce gat oth (ocotn ese panas? a avy layne Is AY lata | hi |] RTC ONY Pies vy TO Ne » 4 Fhe Te laaw | 2 & 4 bet “4 Saniaeen an mS =! ome % - 2 : f ae “Poe :. | oa 4 bande ie yoann Nay a» oh nde i ena. .7 %%- \a aay rg ayes Te nt a fbaigh saan “94! ‘AA NAM % ty, ‘ ; Pe, “RNIN Vee Litt ld Feather, 66th yay 7 ryiVi vue AUP sididdaa, ne ACT Ar h . S24), a> > Nay LVI = r% 7 ihe ] wana creche a avr pola La Ads r + saat A Nh | | LN amen i sy plas j Pt Lobel a, mn ah a 4.4% 7 ad the é Mad la aA 4 ¥ Raa. iA : ¢ we { iP ay baa jf 9 4] ihe ‘ ¥ r| Th ily 1, j : pr dae > i hf { Teh all lah J™®\, qsbrl a , ‘ yi ae 4 is THE OOLOGIST FOR THE STUDENT OF BIRDS THEIR NESTS AND EGGS VOLUME XXXV ALBION, N. Y. and LACON, ILL. R. MAGOON BARNES, Publisher ; EDDY PRINTING COMPANY sre. s, ALBION N. Y, ‘Se INDEX TO VOLUME XXXV ILLUSTRATIONS Birds Nests and Eggs > cine oS ee ee 6, 7,9 Collection of Delos Hatch...... 38, 39 Meumpeter Swan............6.... 16 Wilson’s Snipe in Situ.......... 56 Case of Mounted Birds.......... ot, | wichardsom's (Owl ees. ce mien se 71 Richardson’s Owl in Nest...... 67, 69 Marnolias Warblers ¢% 20 4ae or 85 Yellow Warbler Brooding........ gg Black-throated Blue Warbler..... 87 eoune Great Blue Heron....:... ieee OU NOGtKe Knee Vater » Mar usiier. yaar 93 Dicksissel Feeding Young....... 138 American Dipper..............-. 101 Curved-bill Thrasher............. 148 Magnolia Warbler............... 121 Western Meadowlark............. 148 Blue-headed Vireo............... 127 MeMteadawilatk: .........cccccecce. PRG) DLCIRCTSSCIe Mend hie ie sie santem ets oa et Meme Wren ..... 2... oc. eee es 163 Ruby Throated Hummingbird.... 142 ' Golden: “Hagler: 2... 1. oe tea tea 155 Landscapes - fonele, Columbia, S.. A.......... 3 Portraits oo Migration Florida... lie Seah -6, 7 re Magoon. “Barnes. i. .28F. .%.. oo 155 ae rae ti the Editor's 16 nieenayke, Wk, (CINE oe had aceobos AG Mee Site of Wilson's Snipe; IEOUIS MUnbeSh. s.r. eer) RET 47 Stanley Shooting Club Grounds, Baul” Ge TROWES 9. 5c to oa ee af AT OE DG DC Aye Albert Min Ineversoll® . 0. ba 6 65 Nesting Site of Northern Water rank Eieoathine a... scodotomede 166 SS A i ra eas: O Commiell ey sae 35 ens os a Bite 47 Nesting Site of Northern Florida Ottomar Meinecker 2... ake. cns, 24% 31 Sel lO OR At ER TINS Sid oa: ee OE ee ee EK 47 CONTRIBUTORS Puppet Gerald Avice. oo. Zoos te. bayles) Be Ree isa. ie lol, 165- Backus, Robert F.....78, 80, 102, 160 Beckman, Orland B............. el : ¥ mete Hs FH... 2. 153 te 136 BLS MOR ISMr eal hres, oe 29 oS. ee i Ste eaeae gece dic Jel, Se aren 166 109, 110, 117, 118, 119, 195, 127 ay Cecil A. gg ROR 43 ee tsG. 446, 153.155. 156. 158 Burdick, GM... .-.)....5.4% 27, 141 Gt Noe etOo: BUrVOWwSre Dyk slo eee se ace bse es ial IV THE OOLOGIST -MeConnell, ‘Mhromias a. . 2a Tadd), Els (Siisacarce to < ace 64, 126 Lunestord;,. Inving (C......255 oe 140 Mangevin, ~ Wheres. 4... .2 4 eee tor Wastin: Act Din. se cee: cea 14, 120, 158 Mantin,, “Deloch......- 14, 96, 110, 158 Maxon, Geo: “El. a... ss. oe ee aly 152 McGrew, Albert D..... 85, 87, 89, 91 93, 122, 127, 1386, 163; 1G4 ie MeMullen. (E. =B.......28 2 tee eee 139 Miller, Richard F..... 61, 82, 104, 110 123, 133 ae Mousley:: Ass i< asain Ce ee eve, Mimo. ie AGE. = eee. eee 13, 44, 55, 56 Munro, Hiss 6... 20. 2 See 44 Nenno; Widas Ib. ).ca2s bo eee 133 Nicholls: (O} C2 °C oe eee 98, 125 Norris,: J. (Parker,- Jr. +... 76 Osterhoust, Geo: E. .. 2.2.2 340 57 Overineton, “R.° Bac... eee 95 Peabody, RP. .Bex.isn eke eee 20. 62 Peck, -GGCO. ssc wit dard oe ce ee ee 157 Perry, ‘Troup. Di. :.5../56 22d 148 Peters; iA. Se oo os eevee cers se 28 Price, ‘A. Hl sc.kkees oe fo eee 104 Salsazer > Titel. <3. seu. ken eee 148 Sharps osc sSes sic. bc ee 18 skinner, AK. lb.. 30. kei ee 24 Simithe vAwStim), aula eee Bree re S15) Sion. WW Ac. chee. ce oi ee 110, 141 Strong; Go: Mes. eve obese 158, 159. SiLttone- Gees ce a 32 oo ee 158, 159 Todd, W:. Ei. Clyde. 5. 222 96 Vos Bureh, Gi IW 2.0... 45) sce eee Walker, Alex........ 133, 134 steels Wheelers Fi Ws ora oo ee 32 Wallard, Paysont.40.: 5.) e eee 147 Williams: Re Woes os son ee ee 83, 165 VValmioke Nelsons. 5 pena ree 31, oo Wright, Carey. B02. 3st aoe oe TOM FOREIGN BIRDS Burton; “Walker Waa. sone 101, 116 BuLterwick, Clawdete... ..550 =~ - 42 Carricer,; (ei Wrens eas we ene Fimieisens 133 Cherrie, George Kies oacc ess mig Gell Donahue, alwle rss atc. c ects se 50 Dantortay Stewant lees... cece 44 : DYoe i ates ea: We ee ae NO nee 110 Deas. CEMA dM. cm oer cee cl ctere yeiis 140 De Groot, Dudley. = 44.---0--- o-oo IDO EN Gal pies A eee oie eases 95, 105, 140 DuBois Ds 2... as bees eee 53, 143 Hawands. a. Arden. sci)... sea 99 MIS ee iS te ec cence San. oucgeedee Sea WA TER SOMe Weeds ew ed a ele eee IAN Marquiiar, Arthul sc. o..n os. a0 ee 31, 44 Ritzpatrick. Kred™ ii... .... .-: 116, 17 IGE da) AR eet eo. lens a 32 Bake Cae 110 Fuller, Raymond....... 43, 58, 59, 143 Gamer. Ax By. see oe eee 32, 100 Goelitz,./ Walter “A. os. e cies ens 42 GOSS eA Se ic waa noes pe tends ene ee 54 Graham, Raymond....30, 118, 140, 141 Greens HOR see ee cy oe cosas ae 20, 90 Greer, Tintedohr oR) 2.3242. 70 ATG ss Dateien toleiel erste cok ates 8, 170 Harrison, Ean Mess see: Be ayy) Jelznoll, IDIEWOSS oh Se 555655 67, 63), 69) 71 less. tO: Wie as wieder aena gee 96 BIOTIN) TS Wiese is eole oe L220) 265 29 Howes, Paul G...... Zope OS EPONVISIIC Ven fleas PR ke & eat acs nqete. spa enenele nee 61 yen As SIGN OY® ouiees acces reno 44 LO Wat RS Ds Samen tok cater aeaid 6,7, 25,44 Jacobs, -J-> WaLrene -ss% |: une oe 46, 80 JOWMSOMS Fl. VAL sw. a ade ee 62, 167 cenwortiny, “HeoN! 5.205. oaseee Sal Sree AWD OI EJ oi..c:8 cae Sas, Bel eee 97 NO AUZUL oo leks 50d Bete Ree a ee 4 Phatbornis Hummingbird........ 4 ROU Aen: Seer ee cee lo ahaa ches ane 4, 34 Green “J@CaAMOra.. oo se ee 4 Pieumnus Woodpecker........... 4 Hmelish “SPArLOW sos. «: 21, lekOs Richardson’s Owl..66, 67, 69, Screech Owl...26, 41, 57, 58, Great Horned Owl.. 88, 119, Dusky Horned Owl..... 72, 76 Snowy Owls. 25 et oe Yellow Billed Cuckoo....... 108, 12261437 150 Black Billed Cuckoo........ Belted Kingfisher........... 31, 44, 58, 88, 122, 143 Hairy Woodpecker.......... 42, 108, 122, 143, 150 Downy Woodpecker......... 30, 41, 42, 58, 87, 122 Three-toed Woodpecker..... 41 402 405 406 409 412 412a 413 417 420 420b: 423 428 431 444 447 452 456 461 465 467 474 A474 ATT 477a 481 486 488 490 493 494 495 498 501 501.1 503 506 567 510 B11 5ila 511b B14 Hairy Woodpecker.......... 31, 42, 107, 135, tao Pileated Woodpecker. . 92, 96 Red Headed Woodpecker... 122, 143, 150 Red-bellied Woodpecker..... Flicker ..30, 44, 58, 122, 144, 150 Nertiverm Micker, 2. ae 122 Red Shafted Flicker........ it Whippoorwill ..105, 108, 144, 150 Night) awk 5. sae 31, 144, 150 Florida Night Hawk? 22. =. 88 Chimney Swift..31, 122, 144, 150 Ruby-throated Hummingbird 59, 135, 142, 144, 150 Anna’s Hummingbird........ 72 Kemet enc Ce ok aes. eee 31, 41, 44, 52, 58, 90, 144, 150 Arkansas, Kime bird. os eee 31 Great Crested Flycatcher... 122, 144; 150 Phoebe ..... 31, 59, 122, 144, 150 Wood Pewee....62, 122, 144, 150 Acadian, Mivcavchier.. eee 74, (5; 222, 244 Least Flycatcher...... 41, 59, 144 Formed: Wark: 42 =) eee ‘eee Ell Prairie Horned Lark....31, 109 Blue Jay.42, 59, 70, 122, 140, 150 Morida Blue Jay:.5. = sheen 92. California. Jay. + :<.23 see 98 Raven’ 25)... S02 a4 eee 98 American Crow... 30, 31, 36, 42 59, 70; 98, 122, 141, 143, 150 Mish Crow. s.s 2s. 44, 90, 122 ar nen No ok ae tee ee 59, 122 Bobolink Re ee 44, 150 Cow eBid eee: 31, 52, bot, Soe 98, 109, 122, 144, 150 Red Winged Blackbird... ..31,: 40 44, 59, 64, 70, 144, 150 ‘Meadowlark ..28, 31, 44, 59, 110 122, 144, 150 Western Lark....41, 50, 107, 148 Audubon’s’ Oriole... 2. ..s a8 128 Orchard Oriole.....27, 53, 59, 90 107, 114, 144 Baltimore Oriole..27, 31, 52, 52 59, 112, 122) 1440 50 Brewer’s Black Bird........ ok Purple Grackle...59, 93, 122, 144 Florida Grackle........ 90, 144 Bronzed Grackle.. 31, 4G: 90, 104, 107, 109, 115 Evening Grosbeak..... aie 31 515 517 528 529 533 540 542 546 549 550 552 559 560 561 563 THE OOLOGIST PImerGrospeaic. .. sos. eG ok: Pome Binch?...:.. 28, 31, 42, 44 in G00 Sr pe cacy re 140 ay Goldfinch ....31, 44, 74, 144, 150 EK. S: English Sparrow. .25, 37, 70, 80 122, 150 SIDE Sis i 28 Mecper Sparrow. ........... 150 Savana Sparrow .’...0...... 59 Grasshopper ...6..c5.e5. 59, 144 Sharp Tailed Sparrow...... 59 Seaside Sparrow...... 12, 59, 122 AIS DAT LOW «.. css cee 31, 144 Tree Sparrow......... 42, 44, 151 Chipping Sparrow....31, 107, 122 144, 150 Clay Colored Sparrow...... 44 Rield Sparrow....... 59, 109, 122 144, 150 567 573 589 583 584 585 587 587a 593 595 597 598 604 605 608 610 611 613 614 616 617 619 621 622 622a 622b 623 624 626 Slate Colored Junco.. 28, 30, 31 40, 42, 102, 144, 151 Black Chinned Sparrow..... elt Song Sparrow..30, 31, 40, 42, 52 59, 122, 133, 144 Lamecoms Sparrow.......... 31 Sia) ODArTOW...i 2.6005 6s 122 Hex Sparrow ....3.... 26 ot toil Moawhee ......... 30, 31, 144, 151 White Eyed Towhee...10, 70, 90 Cardinal Grosbeak..... 30, 44, 90 107; 108; 1200145, 151 Rose Breasted Grosbeak...31, 40 123, 145, 151 BemGrosbeak » . w.\6 i) sce 3 eles 148 Indigo Bunting. 73, 109, 145, 151 Dickcissel Bunting. .132, 134, 137 138, 145 2c 84000) rh 0 61 Searlet Tanager...... 31, 74, 123 145, 15st Simmer Tanager........... 140 Purple Martin.....31, 44, 59, 122 145, 151 Barn Swallow..25, 40, 44, 59, 151 Tree Swallow......... 41, 44, 122 Bank Swallow.....31, 40, 59, 122 145, 151 Rough Winged Swallow..... 123, 144, 151 Cedar Waxwine......-. ol 59, 122 Mormnern Shrike.:........... 31 Loggerhead Shrike........ ol 30 White-rumped Shrike, .26, 44, 60 Satornia Shrike........... Black-whiskered Vireo...... Red-eyed Vireo....40, 73, 74, 122 Warbling Vireo..31, 109, 145, 151 628 629 631 633 636 637 638 639 611 645 650 652 654 655 656a 657 658 659 660 661 662 667 672 673 674 675 676 677 679 681 683 684 685 687 686 701 703 704 705 707 710 yet 713 718 721 Vil Yellow-thoated Vireo....145, 151 Blue Headed Vireo.127, 145, 151 Wh ite-eyed Vireo......... 90, 122 eIPSe WACO Ss wee 6 Reals 144, 145 Black White Warbler. .31, 40, 58 122, 135, 145, 151 Prothonotary Warbler...108, 109 Swainson’s Warbler......... 97 Worm Eating Warbler...75, 122 Blue Winged Warbler....58, 123 Nashville Warbler.......... 145 Cape May Warbler...... 145, 151 Yellow Warbler...31, 59, 89, 90 1 aa bya basa! Black Throated Blue Warbler SER aya ey ee 40, 132, 136, 145 Myrtle Warbler........ Sib ISL Black-fronted Warbler...... 15 Magnolia Warbler.......... 85 Cerulean Warbler.....40, 85, 119 121, 136, 144, 145 Chestnut Sided Warbler.... 145 Bay Crested Warbler....... 145 Black Poll) Warbler >. -~ P45, Lod Blackburnian Warbler...119, 135 145, 151 Black-throated Green Warbler AQ: 76, 145, 25d Palmira Warbler. ito eee 145 Praniac Warbler sesh. 2% eo 59 Ovenbird ..231, 40; 123, 145, 151 Water: hirusin. se eos sche 91, 145 Louisiana Thrush...109, 145, 151 Kentucky Warbler....... 109, 122 146, 151 Mourning Warbler..... 4, 10, 109 146, 151 Maryland Yellow-throat...40, 41 5974, 108, 122, 144, 146, 15i Yellow Breasted Chat...... id O09, Wee eAG. 2 HoodediaVWarbleteas s.. oo. - 109 Wilsonts) War blerts cvs cieee 7a 146 Redstart 31, 44, 92, 108, 146, 152 Canadian WWarilet nes. a...) 146 American Dipper....101, 102, 114 Moclain'e bind) soos oar 76, 90 Cait Birds. ae a a1, 40, 52, 538, 80 122-4 Gee lS Brown Thrasher...... 59, 92, 108 » 122, 140, 153 Curved-pill Thrasher........ 148 Caliiormigul hrasher sa. 1... 98 Leconts Whrasher, 245.54 «6 98 CAGHISMENVINCID & sin tate ce a sa 98 Carolina Wren 90, 122, 146, 152 House Wren ....31, 59, 122, 146 VIII 721la W22 725 726 727 728 731 132 733 735 THE OOLOGIST ParkemancSe Vener os. a5 Wanter Wrenk.jaoe..!.. Long-billed Marsh Wren.... 59, 108, Brown Creeper........ Siler ae White Breasted Nuthatch... 40, 42, 146, Red Breasted Nuthatch. .40, Tunted) Fascinating Jungle Studies of Jungle Life | TROPICAL WILD LIFE IN BRITISH GUIANA Being Zoological Contributions to science, from the Tropical Research Station of the New York Zoological Society, at Kalacoon, 1916 By WILLIAM BEEBE, G. INNESS HARTLEY and PAUL G. HOWES, with an Introduction by COLONEL THEODORE ROOSEVELT Octavo, cloth,. gilt top and side stamp, 504 pages, 4 colored plates and 140 other illustrations This remarkable volume sets an entirely new pace in the study of wild life. -The three naturalist authors went to a South Amer- ican jungle that was teeming with animal life, lived there under most advantageous conditions, and for several months indulged in a genuine orgy of observations and studies of tropical wild life x as that life was lived and developed from day to day. The key- AS note was the evolution and development of interesting and fete > known forms. The studies so beautifully revealed in this fascinating volume embrace such bird species as the wonderful tree-climbing hoatzin, various toucans, tinamou, jacanas, anis, nighthawks, flycatchers, antbirds and many others. The reptiles were the giant marine toad, the deadly bushmaster, and ates and great work was deme on the wasps. The volume tells the whole story of the Research Station, its work and surroundings. It shows how it will expand in the future, offering splendid opportunities for investigation to pro- fessors, students and nature lovers. As a vivid exposition of trop- ical life in a rich South American jungle, it is unique and un- rivalled. The wealth of skillfully made photographs, colored plates, maps and diagrams, brings the whole of the subject matter into the readers grasp. Only 500 copies are available for sale outside the Society. Price $3.00 net. Average of postage 15 cents extra. Special | price to all members of the New York Zoological Society $2.00 net, postage 8 cents extra. ; Remit to H. Raymond Mitchell, Chief Clerk, New York Zoo- logical Park, New York City. ? ? ) SS || || Gans || ae ee | SS (Se ee | THE OOLOGIST. — on, SAxV. No. 1 ALBION, N. Y., JAN. 1, 1918. WHOLE NO. 366 Owned and Published Monthly, by R. M. Barnes, Albion, N.Y., and Lacon, Iil. Se co r SS y a ant : : “ : 3 wih . Rn, i . oe AN his, ef * = 4 See See i Sea e We want Notes from every Reader Lock throughyour notebook and write up seme- thing, Odd finds Large sels,unusal nesting sites, birds rare to your locality habits abserved migrations, ete, are things that interest every ether reader, lf Wwe get oneletter of only 250 words fromeach, Ahe editor wonthavete makean ether call for coy ayear. Vol. XXXV. Appeal for copy fat Wale c=) A WORD TO SUBSCRIBERS Beginning with this issue of THE OOLOGIST, this magazine will here- after be issued on the first day of each month and all advertisements should reach us at Lacon, Dlinois, not later than the 15th day of the month pre- ceding the month of publication in or- der to insure insertions in the follow- ing month. From and after Januarl Ist, 1918, no receipts for subscriptions will be mailed; subscriptions will be kept track of by a number appearing on the subscription card in the office of THE OOLOGIST and a like number appearing on the envelope in which THE OOLOGIST is mailed. All sub- scribers are notified to look carefully at the number on the envelope in which they receive THE OOLOGIST as the numbers will be advanced auto- matically as subscriptions are re- ceived, and if any error is noted in the number on the envelope, our office should be notified at once. Hach sub- scriber will be entitled to one free in- sertion of an advertisement not ex- ceeding twenty-five words. No cou- pons will be mailed evidencing this fact, but subscribers who send in such advertisements at any time during the year for which their subscription is paid, the same will be inserted and that fact noted on the index card. All subscriptions expiring more than one year prior to January 1st, 1918, and which are evidenced by any number below 354 are.dropped from our books with this issue as the gov- ernment regulations prohibit the mail- ing of the magazine to subscribers who are more than one year in ar- rears. Nearly all publications are advanc- ing their subscription rate owing to the advance in the cost of material, labor, etc., involved in the production. THE OOLOGIST THE OOLOGIST will not do this do- ing the present year, but in order to make both ends meet, we again appeal to each bird enthusiast who is inter- ested in THE OOLOGIST and its future to assist us in enlarging its subscription list. A large number of our subscribers are not only subscrib- ing for their own copy, but are send- ing a copy of THE OOLOGIST for 1918 to some friend. We now desire to thank those who have so kindly given us this assist- ance in the past. R. M. BARNES. Ee Bird Collecting In Eastern Colombia Paul G. Howes PART Vil March 1ith. This morning we were up and out at 5: 30. I went up a small river about two miles from the town. Birds proved to be abundant and in a few hours I had a good bag. This little river, which apparently has no name, winds in and out between beautifully grown sandy banks. I spent the entire morning wading in the cooling water and shooting from the center of the stream. I managed to get badly bitten by red ants when I foolishly sat down upon the ground to rest. These vile little insects got inside my clothes and for a time near- ly drove me crazy as their bite and sting combined causes a rash much like that of nettle. Later, while hunting in heavy under- brush for a species of Manacus that I had felled, a large scaley head sud- denly appeared in the mouth of a burrow directly under my nose. Re- maining motionless for a minute, my blood ran cold at the sound of fierce hissing, for we were now in the coun- try of big snakes. In a panic I reach- ed for my knife, having nothing but a 32 cartridge and No. 12 shot in my gun, and as I did so the creature dart- THE OOLOGIST IN EASTERN COLOMBIA BIRD COLLECTING The writer in the jungle at Buenavi Note the black mass at the left which sta. is the butt of a single forest giant Cherrie. - =F hote iby GK. 4 THE OOLOGIST ed from its hole. For a second I felt all gone inside but this was only mo- mentary, for the beast proved to be nothing but an Armadillo, more fright- ened than I! Much relieved I found my Manacus and retreated, but since that time it has occcured to me what a wonderful protection for this animal lies in its triangular, scaled head and its ability to hiss like a large snake. After getting all the birds I could handle during the day, I turned my attention to the interesting wasps of the region. I found two large bell- shaped nests of paper and also a col- ony of tiny social bees that build a tubular mud entrance to their nest which consists of a hole in a tree or old stump. There were many beautiful flowers growing along the river banks, one in particular, a huge vermillion ball with spine-like stemens, resembling a large pin cushion stuck full of yellow-head- ed hat pins. It was growing parasiti- cally some ten feet up in the branches of a tree. I saw several Hastern U. S. birds, chiefly warblers together with one or two Rose-breasted grosbeaks, already in full summer plumage. On the way home I caught sizht of a fine big jaguar and Ring reported an ocelot and brought in a capauchin monkey and. several specimens of Hoatzins. Spent the afternoon skin- ning and preparing our birds and all turned in early. March 12th. This morning I went out about six, taking a southerly di- rection instead of going east as yes- terday. First I followed a small creek for an hour, taking nothing except cne Phathornis humming bird. From here I went through a comparatively level open bit of land, bordered by small growth, and inhabited by a species of Toucan, new to the ex- pedition, having a white eye and red ‘male Picumnus, rump, and closely related to the species taken in the Magdalena val- ley. A mile further on I struck a heavy tropical forest with tangled undergrowth so thick that my aux shells would not take affect. On the way back towards the town, an open Space bordered by huge trees, yield- ed one of the largest species of jay that I have ever seen, together with a fine pair of green Jacamas, a bucko, Mourning warbler and a fine little a tiny woodpecker. The morning was now well along, so I retraced my steps to our hut to skin my specimens. . About five in the afternoon, Cherrie and I went out from the town to the river Parado, a fine l'ttle strsé=:n com- ing down from the mountains. We walked up for about a quarter of a mile and here we found a little pool just big enough to hold us both. We were soon sitting up to our necks in the fine cold mountain water with a waterfall washing our backs. The bottom of the pool was lined with clean white pebbles. Here we had our first real South American bath and believe me, we needed it! We stayed in about half an hour with a current in back just strong enough to lean against. When we returned to the town, the other fellows had just finished skinning. They were hot and tired, and the sight of Cherrie and me fresh from that bath made a very envious bunch of them. ; After a rough-house dinner, it was decided that Chapman and I should leave the next day for Buenavista, just up the hills behind the town. We will remain there until the 16th, when the others will join us and all will re- turn to Bogota to get suppliey and then set out in another direction. Our house here has a sign over the door which reads “Twentieth Cen- tury.” It is however, not as up to THE OOLOGIST 5) date as the name implies. Cherrie and I are in a room plastered with mud over laths of bamboo. The floor is of boards and has never been swept or cleaned. Many huge spiders and roaches, together with a few fleas and rats also occupy the suite. Ring is in a tiny room backing up against ours, which is equally dirty and con- tains a fine collection of old bottles, rags and junk of all kinds. The poor people of Colombia keep everything that they can lay their hands on, even old bits of dirty paper, for everything is of value in this country. One enters the house through a narrow passage way, paved with cob- bles, either on foot or on horseback. At the back is a typical open court also paved, which serves as chicken yard, pig pen, kitchen and general dump. The cooking is all done over a small fire built between three round- ed stones, as stoves are unheard of. ‘It is remarkable how the women can turn out four or five coarse meals for six hungry men, each of them eating twice as much as any Colombian pos- sibly could! The dining room is simply an open porch on the court, back from the bed-rooms. Here is a wooden table and _ several chairs covered with the skins of Jaguar, oce- lot and steer. There is a scant set of table ware, a few earthen jugs for water made in the country, but all other. articles such as cups, glasses, etc., are imported from great dis- tances... In the evenings we eat and write our notes by the light of tallow dips or Deitz lanterns which are uni- versally used in the country. The owner of the house is an old maid and for assistants she has two stunted Indian girls, who are as good as gold and ever ready to do anything that we ask of them. They will spend an entire day grinding corn into meal by pounding it between two stones in order to make soup and other strange dishes for us, which are remarkably good. The town itself is a remarkably in- teresting old place consisting of twelve streets paved with cobbles. The house are all of the same type, being made of native lumber and mud with either thatched or tile roofs. In the center of the main street there is a fast flow- ing stream two or three feet wide, running from one end of the town to the other. This is the sewer of Villa- vicencio, and most everything is dumped into it. There is a half tumbled down church near our house and at the en- trance to the village there is a huge wooden cross. Further up the moun- tains stands another one, consider- ably larger and of much heavier tim- bers. These I learned are to Keep the Devil out of the town, but we saw plenty of him in the saloon across the street, which also contained a_ pool table which had been brought across the Andes, slung between two mules. It is curious that the poorest people all over Colombia possess Singer sew- ing machines. I have seen them in thatched mud huts far up in the moun- tains, belonging to people that even do not have money enough to buy a chair or table to furnish their house with. them, unless they save for years and I cannot imagine how they get years. The Singer appears to be the one thing that they are willing to suf- fer for, in order to possess, and one sees them everywhere. (To be continued) —_____—_e—<> Let me congratulate you on decided improvements lately. Reminds me of the issues of 792 to ’95. ~ F,-A. Doolittle. Bree THE OOLOGIST The American Ribin in its northern migration Feb. 15, 1915, in Pineallas county, Fla. | —Photo by R. D. Hoyt. THE OOLOGIST a The American Robin in its northern migration Feb. 15, 1915, in Pineallas county, Fla. —Photo by R. D. Hoyt. THANKS The frontispiece with which this edition of The Oologist is introduced, is the work of M. J. Hoffman of Brook- lyn, N. Y., and is contributed by him as the first contribution to the new volume for our readers who are inter- ested in an effort to make a bigger and better Oologist. It is a pleasure to credit him with this generosity. pi aaies ee eee LATE Last Sunday, Nov. 18th, a friend and I drove twelve miles east of Day- ton, O., back of Fairfield, the big U. S. Aviation Camp. A big swamp has been recently drained by dredging and above the camp is a good sized piece of timber. I was walking through some brush when my attention was attracted by a pair of Long Billed Marsh Wrens close by. They were having a fine time and making all sorts of clatter and I was surprised to find that I could almost capture both of them as they came within about fifteen inches from my hand and did not seem to have the least fear of me. MHeretofore I have never been able to get a good look at this fellow or his mate, for they have been so shy always, and this encount- er seemed rather remarkable, also be- ing so late in the season too. J. E. Harris. Dayton, O. ee he RAT dP OE ol Concerning a Condor To very few ornithologists, even here in California has it been given to see the great California Vulture, (gymnogyps califorianus) in its na- tive haunts. With each recurring year the chances that one will see one are di- minishing, for they are retreating back into the almost inaccessible mountains and many localities where THE OOLOGIST it’s great shadow was once a not un- common sight now see it no more. In this county (San Diego) the old- timers tell us that they well remember when it was not uncommon in the mountains, to see a dozen of the great birds feeding on the carcas of a steer, and they often came down intothe lower valleys, and even to the coast. But that was many years ago. It is doubtful if any such collection of birds has been seen in this section since the early 80’s. While it is prob- able that one and possibly two pair of the birds still remain and breed in the county, one might spend weeks in the whole hundred miles of mountains from the Mexican border to the north- ern county line and be in luck to see a bird. No eggs have been taken in the county, so far as known, since the late 90’s when a single egg was taken from a cave on a precipitous mountain side some 25 miles from here. This egg is now, I believe, in the collection of the Editor of The Oolo- gist. It was my good fortune in 1901, to have in my possession for a few months a living specimen of this mighty bird. It had been taken by an Indian on one of the mountain ranch- es, a rifle shot bringing it down with, as was supposed, a broken wing, and had come into the possession of the store-keeper at Julian, a small moun- tain town. News of its capture some- how reached San Diego,- and the re- sult was a thrilling account of a “Real South American Condor” which had’ been captured in the county, with a lurid description of the fight it put up before overpowered and a very good and accurate description of a South American Condor, taken probably from the Britannica, but not very ap- plicable to the bird in question. With a naturalist’s curiosity I at once wrote to the owner of the bird to find out if THE OOLOGIST 9 it were for sale. A week later it ap- peared at my ranch one evening in the care of an Indian who, with his squaw had driven down from the hills, some 4 miles, to bring it to me. On going near the cage with a light it snapped at me most viciously with a hissing like a rattlesnake. The next morning I made a pen for it and turned it loose, though not be- fore it had given me a further token of it’s good nature by biting savagely at me as I was opening the cage, and drawing blood. The yard was 10 by 15 feet and 4 feet high, enclosed on three sides and top by a double thickness of 2 inch wire netting, the fourth side being a stack of cord-wood with some project- ing ends that would do very well for perches. At first the bird would not leave its box, but on tipping it, it came out with a rush, driving full tilt across the yard to stop with a crash against the fence. Then it backed slowly away and stood for a minute with outstretched neck, gazing toward the hills; then spread its wings to fly away, and then, appar- ently realizing it’s impotence, lowered its head and wings with an almost human groan and stood for a minute as if in utter dispair; and then sud- denly starting, rushed round the pen for an hour, frantically trying every crevice to find some way of escape. Then it climbed to a projecting stump of the woodpile and the first thing I knew it was on top of the pile and free, having found an unprotected opening and quickly taken advantage (0) a It was a very strenuous two hour job to get it back in the pen again. After a day or two of uneasiness it settled down to the inevitable and be- came wholly indifferent to my pres- ence. It had a great many visitors when its presence at my place became known, and they seemed to disturb it some. It would watch them closely for a few minutes and then would go off to a shady corner and turn its back. Dogs interested it more than any- thing and it was all attention when one was near. It would stand with neck outstretched and wings a little raised from the body in a regular fighting pose and would follow one the length of the pen at it went past. It paid no attention whatever to lar- ger animals, even when my neighbor’s cows lined up five in a row on the other side of the fence or my horses came nosing round to see what new thing I had now. At first the buzzards disturbed it some; they are very curious and al- ways want to see and know what is going on. My bird had not been in its pen an hour before they began to ar- rive, sailing back and forth all eyes and curiosity. In the first few days of it’s captivity I think every buzzard in Northern San Diego County must have called to pay its respects. It made the bird very uneasy at first but after a while it paid no attention to them, no matter how close they came, but would sit on it’s perch with head drawn in close, motionless and appar- ently indifferent. Every morning it would take a sun bath, standing with wings partially ex- tended in true buzzard-fashion, and then, after preening it’s feathers, it would give a grunt, shake itself and climb back to the perch to dozsa and dream, maybe. One would hardly ex- pect a vulture to be much of a climb- er, for it’s turkey-like feet, although powerful enough, would seem more suitable for ground work, but the pro- jecting ends from the woodpile made it like going up stairs, and the bird would grasp a stick, parrot-like with 10 THH OOLOGIST it’s bill to steady itself in stepping from one to another. Sometimes it seemed as if its long- ing for it’s mountain freedom were greater than it could bear. It wanted so very, very much to fly away to where the distant mountains, bathed in their purple haze, looked so dream- like, and cool and inviting, and it would crouch low on it’s perch with wings out stretched, all ready for the starting jump, but its leap would end in an inglorious fall and it would re- turn to it’s perch with a crestfallen air that was truly pathetic. It’s eating was a surprise to me. It had been in captivity for a month be- fore coming to me, and was said to have eaten everything in sight, and I fully expected to be kept busy in sup- plying it’s insatiable demands, but dur- ing the first week it hardly ate at all and at no time did it seem to have much of a desire for food. It was afflicted, though, with an inordinate thirst and drank continually, immers- ing it’s head to the eyes and some- times to the ears, and when the flies got too troublesome it would make for the water pail and put it’s head under completely for a minute with much apparent relief. One day I noticed my horses gazing very intently, apparently at something on the hill back of my house, and on going to see, discovered my bird about 200 yards up the hill making for the brush as fast as his legs would carry him, and with wings outspread though they were not of much assistance in going up hill. He did not know where he was go- ing but he was most certainly on his way and in a few minutes more would have been lost to me in the brush. When overtaken he showed fight, jumping at me fiercely with both feet and striking solidly against my chest. Had his claws been less like a turkey’s and more like those of most members of his order it would have been more fun for him than for me. He led me a merry chase down the ‘hill before he was cornered again. Here his wings were of benefit, but the in- jured wing had lost it’s power and when the initial impetus of his jump was exhausted he would come to the ground some fifteen feet away. He put up a stiff fight when cornered again and was not finally secured until he was smothered in a grain sack before he could get to his feet after one of his attacks and even then managed to draw blood from a finger that had the misfortune to stray into his mouth for a very short moment. : With a small-boy holding each wing and myself looking after feet and head we finally got him home. This time the pen was made hole- proof, though it need not have been for he never tried to get out again. Indeed it seemed as if that were his last despairing effort and his spirit were broken, for he refused to eat and sat on his perch all day with head drawn in or buried in the interscapu- lars, only getting down to drink, and finally I found him on the ground one morning, cold and stiff, his soul de- parted, let us hope, to that happy hunting ground where the souls of all good birds go. This bird was a young bird, not yet having lost the black, juvenile feath-— ers of the head and neck. The bare, orange head and neck of the adult birds are not seen until the second season. Although it’s length of 441% inches was not so far short of the adult average, it’s wing spread was only 93 while a full grown bird would average about 15. It is possible that several months confinement may have arrested development. The in- jury to the wing undoubtedly affected that wing at least. The bullet that THE OOLOGIST 11 laid him low had completely severed the extensor metacarpal muscle atthe elbow and although the wound had healed the joint had become hardened and there was no power in the wing beyond that point; the outer primar- ies were very poorly developed and all were much abraded from dragging on the ground. There were no other signs of injury. The stomach was empty except for a little rabbit fur from it’s last meal and was strangely contracted in the middle so that it was a perfect hour glass in shape. The crop held fully a pint of water. All through the hot weather it was very evident that it was carrying water in the crop, which sometimes was dis- tended to the size of a ball and would swing from side to side as the bird moved about. It would be interesting to know if carrying water in that way is also a trait of it’s natural wild state. If any reader of The Ooligist thinks ke has ever tackled a hard proposition in a bird skin he should try a Condcr. ~One of the experiences that I shall al- ways remember with interest is the skinning of that little bird. If there was a square inch of skin or a feather that was not attached to the body by at least one muscle I am sure I must have overlooked it. One should always be ready to try anything once and the experience was unique and especially interesting as the opportunity will probably never be offered again. C..S. Sharp, Escondido, Cal. ae : Ivory-billed Woodpecker Not Yet Extinct No doubt bird conservators will be interested to know that at least a pair of Ivory-billed Woodpeckers are still alive in Florida. The writer’s expec- tations to get a clutch of their eggs was up in “G” this spring; the birds were chiseling a hole in a green cy- press tree, on returning two weeks later expecting to find a full clutch of eggs, found instead that a swallow- tailed Kite had built a nest in the top of the same tree and the Woodpeckers no where to be seen or heard and all efforts to locate them again failed. Climbing found the hole they dug to be six inches deep and two handsome- ly marked eggs in the Kite’s nest, but still I felt disappointed. If some selfish person doesn’t find these birds and kill them to give to some museum or private collection, this pair of birds will multiply, but no laws or appeals can save them. It is just a chance of not being found by the would be ex- terminator, as the expanse of country is so vast and unsettled, one could kill hundreds (if they could be found) and carry them off and it would not be known. A few years ago a man from Michi- gan was down here collecting and re- ported that he had taken the skins of -a young Ivory-billed Woodpecker. I did not believe it at the time, but now ] do. I will say to those in a colder climate, ‘come and enjoy this wonder- ful climate with us when you like, we will be glad to see you, but don’t kill our birds that are so near extinction. If you will kill them and we catch you at it, we will prosecute you to the full- est extent of the law.’ In my several years studying birds, I found to my satisfaction that birds do possess reasoning faculties and do use them. Recently I saw a female Prairie Warbler gathering feathers in my yard, following her I found her nest. Ten days later I climbed again and found the nest empty and a por- tion of the nest missing, then I con- cealed myself and watched the nest. In a few moments the bird came and took away a portion of the nest. On following her, found the second nest 12 THE about thirty yards from the first nest; then I used my field glasses every day to see when she was incubating. When she remained on the nest for two days I climbed and got the nest and four beautiful speckled eggs, just fourteen days from time I found eggs missing from first nest. What became of the eggs in the first nest, I could not dis- cover aS no sign was in nest or on ground under the nest. Now this little bird reasoned that her first nest was not in a _ secure place and that she might be prevented from raising a brood there and acted on this reasoning and built elsewhere. I have had the same experience with the Black-whiskered Vireo and Swal- low-tailed Kite, except they did not remove the nest. If one climbs tothe nest of the last two named birds and does not get the eggs he finds in the hest, he will find it empty the next time he climbs. If a Swallow-tailed Kite sees you in the vicinity of her hest before she lays, she will build again elsewhere and you can look her up again, if you expect to get her eggs. These three birds are the only ones breeding here that will desert their nest in this manner. Would like to give The Oologist readers-some of my experience in making pets about my camps in differ- ent places of Florida, Cardinals, Sea- side Sparrows and other birds, Rac- coon and even the alligator, if I could picture it just as well as I enjoyed it. Some day I hope to send The Oologist a picture of Florida Cardinals feeding with my White Orfington chickens, it is to me a beautiful sight. J. B. Ellis, Everglade, Fla. path 5 eg ee The Buffle Head In the Okanagan Val- ley, British Columbia This handsome little duck breeds OOLOGIST on many of the small lakes in the in- terior of British Columbia. While the majority of the Buffle Heads spend the winter on the coast, enough win- ter on Okanagan Lake to bring it in the class of a resident species. Short-. ly after the eggs are laid generally in the latter part of May, the drakes mysteriously disappear and are not seen again until late September or October, when they join the females and the young. At this time the drakes have completely pased through the eclipse and show no sign of moult. A drake taken at 105 Mile House, Carihoo, on Sept. 6th is in fully adult plumage. Young drakes shot in De- cember and January are in a state of moult, the first indication being a sprinkling of violet feathers on the black head. The feet are purplish, halfway between the plumbeous of the young and the dark flesh of the fully adult. The moult makes slow progress and is probably not com- pleted until the following autumn. These little ducks are lighter on the wing than any other of the ducks, rising from the water with a spring like a Teal and flying with remarkable Swiftness. Early in the spring they leave the large lakes_and gather in small flocks, generally six or eight together, or the small alkaline lakes in the hills. The courtship display is a simple one. . The drake rises from the water and makes a short flight around the duck and then drops in beside her, with Spread wings. The drakes chase one another a great deal. On one occa- sion I watched a mated pair and a single drake going through an _ extra- ordinary performance. The unmated drake, at a distance of fifteen or twen- ty yards, from the mated birds would sink below the surface and swim un- der water towards the other drake, putting his head out, once or twice, _ pose the eggs. THE OOLOGIST 13 to get the correct line and then rise directly under the second drake, half lifting him from the water. Then he would fiy a few yards, drop into the water and repeat the performance. The eggs, usually eight or ten in number, are a pale ivory shade and are laid early in May. The duck sets very close and sometimes repeated hammering on the tree will not make her leave. The two nests described below are typical. Farneys Lake Okanagan, May 22, 1915. This nest was discovered by seeing the female fly directly to the hole after she had finished feeding. Ten partly incubated eggs-down pale gray. Nest in old Flickers hole, near top of thirty foot dead douglas fir, in twelve inches of water, on shore of lake. The hole had become enlarged by decay and a slight touch was sufficient to break off the adhering bark and ex- Small fragments of egg shell in the rotten wood at the bottom of the hole indicated that the same site had been used before. Farneys Lake, Okanagan, May 15, 1914. Nine fresh eggs, in an old Flickers hole near the top of a twenty foot pine stub, in two feet of water on the lake shore. This tree looked like a suitable place for a Buffle-head to nest but repeated hammering did not make the female show herself. I was about to give up, when a drake Buffle Head alighted in the water close to the tree. Several more vigorous blows on the tree induced the female to leave the nest and join the male on the water. J. A. Munro, - Okanagan Landing, British Columbia. BOOKS. RECEIVED THE BIRDS OF THE ANAMBA ISLANDS. Smithsonian Institute, United States National Museum, Bul- letin 98, by Harry C. Oberholser. 1917. This paper by Dr. Oberholser, who is perhaps our foremost authority on the science of birds at this time, is a review of the skins of 212 birds, 44 representing species and sub-species gathered by Dr. W. L. Abbot on a visit to these little known islands in 1899, when he was accompanied by C. Boden Kloss, who later published an account of the cruise with a nominal list of birds. These islands are situated in the southern portion of the South China Sea and the paper. contains an introduction, a Bibliography, a short description of the physiography of the islands. A check list of birds of these islands, and a separate list for each island, together with description of the faunal relation of the islands, and a annotated list of birds. It is illustrat- ed by a number of half-tones and in a thoroughly scientific description of the subject matter. TROPICAL WILD LIFE IN BRIT- ISH GUIANA. Zoological contribu- tions from the Tropical Research Sta- tion of the New York Zoological So- ciety, by William Beebe, G. Inness Hartley and Paul G. Howes, with an introduction by Colonel Theodore Roosevelt. This volume is of more than passing interest to the readers of The Oologist in view of the contributions to our column by one of the authors, Paul G. Howes, of his experiences during the trip which the material on which this volume is predicated was collected. Mr. Howes has for a long time, dur- ing many years demonstrated his in- terest in The Oologist and in so doing has given pleasure and entertainment to thousands of our readers. This vol- 14 THE OOLOGIST ume is a mechanically perfectly ar- ranged book of 504 pages, illustrated by 143 plates, half-tones, maps and re- produced drawings, diagrams and a number of splendidly executed colored plates. It is divided into three general di- visions. First a general description of the trip, territory and methods and of some of the rarer birds and animals by William Beebe. Second, notes on other birds and insects and fish by Inness Hartley, and Third, notes on the life, history of various South American insects by Paul G. Howes, added to which are Supplementary chapters on the Hinterlands of Tropi- cal Guiana by Walter G. White and a chapter on Indian Charms by James G. Rodway. Many of the chapters in this volume are exceptionally interesting, such as “The Naturalists of Bartica District—The Jungle and its Life— Bird Life of Bartica District—Method of Research.” Among the birds that are especially treated and which are of unusual in- terest is, “Life History of the Hoat- © zins—The Home of the Toucans—The Ways of the Tinamou—Notes on the development of the Jacana.” An en- tire chapter is devoted to Ornithologi- cal discoveries. This volume is suited both to the ordinary student whose reading is confined to popular bird books and to the finished student who treats ornithology as a pure science. It would be hard to invest money in any volume that would give a nature lover more pleasure. . North American Fauna No. 42, Life Zone Investigation in Wyoming by Merrit Cary, published by the United States Department of Agriculture, Bio- logical Survey, October 3rd, 1917. This is an unusually attractive num- ber of this serial and is based on an investigation of the territory covered and is arranged along the lines that the Editor believes are well nigh ideal for this class of papers. It is profuse- ly illustrated with half tones and con- tains a zone map and subject list of the Zoological and Botanical species and sub-species found also arranged according to their zonal habitat. Cary is to be congratulated on this produc- tion. o—~< © A Sparrow Remedy Although I have tried many ways to destroy the English Sparrows, one of the best methods that I have found is by poisoning them. A good method of doing this is as follows: To a thin mixture of flour and water add 4% of an ounce of strychnine; then mix this well with a quart of some kind of grain, perfectly ground corn or wheat, after the grain has been -thoroughly saturated with the mix- ture spread it out and allow to dry. Put it out where the sparrows can get to it. This experiment was tried suc- cessfully at my home. DeLoach Martin. The winter season is the very best time to poison Hnglish Sparrows. Editor. pes Noa a oe Mocking Bird Eggs. The eggs of the mocking bird seem to vary very greatly in this county (Harrison County, Texas). During the last two years I have taken eight sets of these eggs, of which six sets had four eggs each, one three, and one five. Most of these sets vary in size and color. In the set of three the eggs were very light and unusually large, measuring 1.01x.80, 1.00x.80, 1.03x.82. Another unusual set was a set. of four - that were very small and heavily marked. They measured .88x.75, .87x 164, {Sx bbs amid 27.9 xa00: é A. D. Martin. THE OOLOGIST V MAGAZINES WANTED I want the following back numbers of magazines named, for which I will pay the highest market price. In any case where any number of a magazine is listed as wanted, if I cannot get the special numbers desired, I am willing to purchase either the entire volume or the entire file complete This is an unusual opportunity which those having old magazines named in the following list to dispose of the same at unusual prices. Please check up what you have on hand and write me. R. M. BARNES. Agassiz Bulletin, W. A. Crooks, Pub- lisher, Gilman, IIl., 1890. Vol. I, Nos. 2-3-5-6. Agassiz Companion, W. H. Plank, 1886, etc., Wyandotte, Ks. altel) but No. 27 Vol. I, ail but Nos. 3-5-6; Vol. III, all but Nos. 1-10-11-12. Agassiz Record, Frank E. Wetherell, Oskaloosa, Ia., 1888. All except Vol. I, No. 4. ‘American Magazine of Natural Hist- tory, F. R. Stearns & Co., Sac City, Ia., Des Moines, Ia., 1892-3. Vol, & all: Vol. II, all but No. 4. American Magazine- of Natural Science, Fred R. Stearns & Co., Sac City, Ia., 1892-3. Wolst, all ex. Nos. 1-2; Vol. Il, all ex. Nos. 1-2-3-11-12. Amateur Naturalist, Chas. D. Pandell, Ashland, Me., 1893-6 Vols. I-IJ-IIJ, and all except No. 4 of Vol. III. American Ornithologists Exchange, C. A. Morris, Pawpaw, IIl., 1891. All after Vol. I, No. 1. American Osprey, Paul B. Haskell, Ashland, Ky., 1890. Vol. I, Nos. 1-2-4-5. Bear Hill Adviser, Frank E. Parks, Stoneham, Mass., 1903. All published except No. 4, Vol. I, Buckeye State Collector, E. J. Smith, F. R. Rome, Portsmouth, O., 1888. All published after Vol. I,, No. 6. Bulletin Oologists Association, Isa- dore S. Trostler, Omaha, Neb., 1897. All published except No. 1. California Art & Nature, Art & Nat- ture Co., San Diego, Cal., 1901. Vol. I, Nos. 5-6-7-10-11 California Traveller & Scientist Tra- veler & Naturalist Co., San Jose, Calif., 1891-2. Vol. I, all except No. 5; Vol. II, all except No. 3 and all other num- bers issued. The Collector, The Collector Co., West Chester, Pa., 1901. Vol. I and all Vol. IJ except Nos. 1-2-3. The Collector, Chas. & Jos. Keys, Des Moines, Ia., 1882. All of Vol. II except Nos. 6-7-8. Collector’s Journal, Frank Hammond, Lindquist & Laurtzen, Chicago, II1., 1909-10 all published. Collector’s Monthly, Frank Hammond, Fayetteville, Ia., 1901. All except No. 2 of Vol. I. Collector’s Star, Star Publishing Co., Pawnee City, Neb. 1888. All except, No. 2 of Vol. I. The Curio Collector, Corrine B. Wol- verton, Osage; fa.) 1912. All published ex. Vol. III, No. 1. The Curio Exchange, Frank Gingerich, New Kamilche, Wash., 1900-1. All ex. I, No. 2-6; Vol. II No. 1. Empire State Exchange, U. R. Per- rine, Water Valley, N. Y., 1889. All of Vol. I except Nos. 1-5-10. The Exchange, Bunker & Park, Men- dota, Ill., 1889. All ex. Vol. I Nos. 2-3. The Exchange, C. R. Burr, Adrian, Mich., 1885. All ex. Vol..I Nos. 1-2-4-5-11. Exchange & Collector, Union Ex- change Agency, Canajohane, N. Y., VI THE OOLOGIST 1885. All ex. Vol. I No. 1. The Exchanger’s Monthly, Chas. Chamberlain, Jr., Jersey City, N. Y. All ex. Vol. II Nos. 1-8; Vol. IIl No. 6; Vol. IV No. 4: Forest & Feld, Wm. Pope, L. J. Kel-- logg, Gilbertsville, N. Y., 1892. All ex. Vol. I, No. 1-5. Golden State Scientist, EH. A. Haight, Riverside, Cal., 1886-7. All. ex. Vol. I, No. 1. Also Vol. I, No. 1, Aug. 1887. Guide to Nature Study and Literature, Agassiz Assn. of America, Stam- ford, Conn., Edw. F. Bigelow. All ex. Vol. I No. 1. Hawkeye Observer, Davenport, Ia., Putnam & Fingers, 1885-6. The Hummer, J. B. Brownwell, Ne- braska City, Neb., 1899-1900. Vol. I, No. 3-4; and all published after No. 9. Hoosier Naturalist, R. B. Trouslot, Val Paraiso, Ind., 1886-8. Vol. I Nos. 1-2-3-4-5. Kansas City Scientist, K. C. Assn. of Science, 1886-91. _ Vol. V, Nos. 3-6-8-10-11. Kansas City Naturalist, C. L. Prebble, Topeka, Kan., 1902. All except Vol. II No. 1. The Loon, 1889. Vol. I Nos. 1-3-4-5-11-12. Maine Oologist & Ornithologist, H. Stanton Sawyer, Garland, Me., 1890- iL. Vol. I, No. 5-6-7-8-9-12; Vol. II No. iL Mohawk Standard, Smith & Klock, Delta, N. Y., 1887-8. All ex. Vol. II No. 11. The Naturalist, R. B. Trouslot, Kan- sas City, Mo., 1890. All ex. Vol. IV Nos. 6-8-10. The Natural History Collectors Monthly, J. B. Peck, Newberg, N. Y. 1893. All ex. Vol. I Nos. 1-2-3-4. The Naturalist Companion, Chas. P. Guelf, Brockport, N. Y., 1895. All. ex. Vol. I, No. 1-3-7-11 and Vol. II Nos. 2-4-5. Natural Science Review. All issues before No. 5; also Nos. 46-58-59-60-61-62-72-74 and all later. Nature and Art. All except Vol. I No. 1, Chicago 1898. The Observer, . F. Bigelow, 1889. Vol. I all except No. 1-6; Vol. I all .except. No. . 33> Vole yam complete Vol. IV all except No. 2-3; Vol. V No. 6 and all after No. 7; Vol. VI No. 2-7-10-12; VII No. = 1-2-3-5-10-11-12; Vol. VIII al except No. 4. The Ohio Naturalist, Biological Club, Ohio University, 1899-1905. All published except No. 1 Vol. IV. The Old Curiosity Shop, E. M. Haight, Riverside & San Diego, Cal. Vol. I to V inclusive, complete; Vol. VI al except No. 338; Vol. VIII all except No. 8-11-12; and all following No. 1 Vol IX. Oologists Advertiser, .C. .H. Prince, Danielsville, Ct. 1899-1890. Vol wNowie Oregon Naturalist, Eugene, Ore., 1891. All following Vol. II No. 7. The Ornithologist, C. L. McCallum, Twin Bluffs, Wis. 1885. Vol. I No. 1 and all following Vol. ulINIO® Fhe Oologist & Botanist, Valliet & San- ford, Des Moines, Ia., 1892. Vol. II No. 3-4-5. The Owl, H. Paul Peck and Hd. R. Wait, Glenn Falls, N. Y., 1885-6. The Aurelius Todd, All published except No. 1-2 -of Vol. II and No. 2 Vol. III. Random Notes on Natural History, Southwick & Jenks, Providence, R. I. THE OOLOGIST Vol. I Nos. 1-2-3-4-6-7-11; Vol. I Nos. 3-5-6-7-8-10; Vol. III all except Nos. 2-3-4. The Stormy Petrel, Smith & Co. Men- dota, Ill., 1890. : Vol. I Nos. 2-6 and all later. The Weekly Oologist & Philatalist, Lebanon, Ore., F. T. Corless. Wor .No. 2; Vol. Il. No. 2. The Taxidermist, F. B. Webster, Hyde Park, Mass. Vol. II No. 6 and all following Wolke il No. 7. The Valley Naturalist, Henry Skear, St. Louis, Mo. All except Vol. I No. 1. West American Scientist, C. R. Or- cutt, San Diego, Calif., 1885-92. All except Nos. 9-11 Vol. I, Vol. II — all except Nos. 15-21; Vol. III all except Nos. 27-31; Vol. IV Nos. 43-47-53 Vol. VI No. 61; Vol. VIII No. 66 to 73 inclusive; Vol. X No. 94 to 95 inc., Vol. XI Nos. 98-99-100; Vol. XII No. 107; Vol. XIII Nos. 121-130 inclusive and all published following No. 132 except Nos. 137-138. The Western Naturalist, C. L. Preb- | ble, Topeka, Kan. All except Vol. I No. 1. Western Naturalist, Frank A. Carr, Madison, Wis. 1887-8. Vol. I No. 1; Vol. I all following No. 6; Vol. II No. No. 1 and all following No. 4. Western Oologist, F. M. Sherrin, Mil- waukee, Wis. 1885. Soiat.No. 1. Western Reserve Naturalist, Hubbard, Geneva, O., 1893. All except Vol. I No. 1. The Wisconsin Naturalist, The Nat- uraust Pub Co. Zola B.. Rohr & Frank Woerdhoff, Milwaukee, Wis. 1897, etc. _ All except No. 5-6 of Vol. I and No. 1 of Vol. VI and Nos. 77-78-79-81- 82-87-88-89-90. Ban: Vil The Wolverine Naturalist, Morris Gibbs, Kalamazoo, Mich., 1890. All except Vol. I Nos. 1-2. The Young Collector, Chas & Jos. Keyes, Des Moines, Ia., 1881-2. All except No. 1-2-3 of Vol. II. The Young Naturalist, Chas. F. Get- teny, Galesburg, III. All except No. 4-5 of Vol. I. The Young Ornithologist, Arthur A. Child, Boston, Mass., 1885. All except Vol. I No. 1-3-7-9. DUPLICATE MAGAZINES FOR SALE Write R. M. Barnes, Lacon, III. for Prices American Osprey, Vol. I No. 7-9. The Asa Gray Bulletin, Vol. V No. 1. The American Naturalist, Vol. [IX No. 5s American Ornithology, Vol. I, No. 1, Vol. II Nos. 1-4-6, Vol. IV No. 1-5. Animal Life, Vol. 1 No. 9. Audubon Magazine, Vol. I, No. 9 Bird Lore, Vol. I No. 1. Bird News, Vol. I No. 2. The Bittern (Cedar Rapids, (Ia.), Vol. I No. 1 The Bittern (Demaraiscotta, Me.), Vol. I No. 6. Quarterly Journal, Boston Zool., Vol. 1 No. 3. Brooklyn Entomological Society, Oct. 1878. Bulletin Nuttall Ornithological Club, Vol ik Now. Collectors Monthly (London), Vol I. Collector’s Monthly (Danielson, Ct.), Vol. II, Nos. 4-5. Stormy Petrel, Vol. I No. 5. Common Sense, Vol. II No. 2. Conchologists Exchange, Vol. II, No. 3. Empire State Exchange, Vol. III No. 4. Exchange Bulletin, Vol. I No. 2. Forest & Field, Vol. I No. 1. Hoosier Naturalist, Vol. II No. 6. Hummer, Vol. I, No, 5-6. International Naturalist, Vol. II No.5. VIII Maine O. & O., Vol. I No. 1. The Naturalist, Vol. I Nos. 38-7. ° The Naturalist, Advertiser, Nos. 7-8, Jan. & Mar. 1877. Collector & Naturalist, Vol. I No. 3. The Nautulus, Vol. VI No. 1. Nidiologist, Vol. II Nos. 4-12. Observer, Vol. V No. 1. Outdoor World, Vol. I No. 6. Oologists Advertiser, Vol. I No. 2. Oologist’s Journal, Vol. Il No. 2. Oologist’s Exchange, Vol. I Nos. 3-4-7. Oregon Naturalist, Vol. I No. 1, Vol. II Nos. 9-11-12, Vol. III complete, Vol. IV Nos. 2-9. Ornithologist & Botanist, Vol. I No. 5. Ornithologist & Oologist, Vol. VI No. 7. The Petrel, Vol. I No. 1. Random Notes on Natural Vol. I Nos. 5-9. Science, Vol. I No. 16, Vol. II No. 25, Vol. V No. 114, Vol. VII No. 154, Vol. II N. S. No. 49, Vol. IV N. S. No. 99. West American Scientist, Vol. IV No. 34. Wiison Ornithological Chapter Publi- cations, Vol. I, Vol. II. Zoo, Vol. I No. 1. eo “I may say that I thoroughly enjoy reading it. It is always interesting and informative.” History, H. K. Henderson. THE OOLOGIST is the very best advertising medium in the United States to dispose of or secure Bird books and magazines. Try it and see. “Ror eight months I have been a reader of the Oologist and certainly enjoy it.” Ben J. Blincoe. “ ‘We cannot be without this little magazine.’.’ Pahrman Brothers, La Porte, Ind. “I might go without a meal but I cannot miss an Oologist.” Alvin Baer. work.”’ THH OOLOGIST “I think the little magazine very good.” A. Sidney Hyde. “I can only reiterate my former sentiments regarding your publication as to its merits both as an advertising medium and a naturalists’ guide and companion. During the past year there has been a wonderful improve- ment both as regards volume and wealth of excellent contributions by authorative writers and I trust and sincerely hope the coming year will see The Oologist still greater and bet: . ter. I can assure you I will endeavor to aid wherever possible.” Louis S. Kohler. If you want to buy or sell any nat- ural history implements, cases, Indian relics, butterflys, etc., try our columns. They will produce satisfactory re- cults. “Bird study is my hobby. I have been taking your magazine for two years and I find it very helpful and entertaining.” Noble Field. “T am enclosing a little check for $1.50 to be applied on my Oologist ac- count. _How I love the monthly ad- vent of this little periodical. Twenty two magazines find their way to my desk each month but no wrapper. comes off so hurriedly and with such an exhibition of impatience as the envelope encasing the Oologist. I en- joy its every line. Each month I feel ashamed that I do not take a fuller part in keeping it going but my thanks are with the ones who do.” Isaac H. Hess. “I must congratulate you on the il- lustrations used from time to time in The Oologist. They show some fine W. F. Nicholson. THE OOLOGIST IX THE CONDOR A Magazine of Western Ornithology Published Bi-monthly by the Cooper Ornithological Club of California Edited by J. Grinnell and Harry S. Swarth “‘The Condor’’ is strictly scientific but edited in such a way that a be- ginner of ‘‘Bird Study’’ can easily un- derstand it. The articles in ‘‘The Condor’’ are written by the leading Ornithologists of the United States and are illustrated by the highest quality of half tones. Our subscription rates are $1.50 per year in the United States and $1.75 in a Foreign coun- try. Sample Copy 30c. Address W. LEE CHAMBERS, Bus. Manager, Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, Cal. REA D “Blue-Bird’”’ Pubilshed in co-operation with the Cleveland Bird-Lovers’ Association, and devoted to Bird Study and Conservation $1.00 a Year 10 Cents a Copy AGENTS WANTED Address EDITOR BLUE-BIRD, Dept. R. 1010 Euclid Ave. CLEVELAND, OHIO 19 Is THE OOLOGIST During the year 1918 Tue Ootoaist will be better than it has ever been and it is now the only medium for the exchange of specimens and interchange of observations between: the Oolgists in North America. If you are interested in their birds, their nests or eggs, or engaged in making a collection of any or either of these, or in any manner connected with any public Institution, Museum or College, you should subscribe, and subscribe at once. Rates 50c per annum, which includes one free advertisement. Address Tur Oouoaistr, Lacon, Illinois. ».4 THE OOLOGIST NAAN NANA ANANZI (ow PONONONE ( ANENA ( q Vc BNA IN \ Ox) Fee Orr | A Princely Christmas Present To Every Bird Lover After years of preparation a new study of our native birds and animals has appeared, marking an epoch in this literature. Both in text and picture it is satisfying and authoritative. Every bird lover will want it the minute he sees it. ‘‘The Book of a Thousand Birds’”’ Not since Audubon prepared his pioneer “Birds of America” has a work of such importance appeared.. It is the final result of a con- certed effort begun many months ago, on the part of foremost orni- thologists, field observers, and artists, to make a complete record of our native birds. Their completed work—the new BIRDS OF AMER- ICA—is the first story of our feathered life to include them all. T. Gilbert Pearson Is editor-in-chief; JOHN BURROUGHS is consulting editor; and back of them are a score of naturalists of like calibre—such men as EH. H. Forbush, State Ornithologist of Massachusetts, W. L. Finley, State Biologist of Oregon, Herbert K. Job, Bruce Horsfall, R. I. Brasher, and others. Wonderfully Beautiful Color Plates In addition to a wealth of field pictures and drawings, the value of this work is heightened by the inclusion of over 300 color pictures of our native birds, and over 100 eggs in natural colors. This is recog- nized as the most important series of bird studies ever made. _ It brings into the pages a constant glow of beauty and delight. MAMMALS OF AMERICA Another section of this library describes and pictures our native mammals in the same comprehensive way. The editor-in-chief of this section is H. EK. Anthony of the American Museum of Natural History. Over 500 species are included, with wonderful field pictures. COMPLETE SET SENT FREE FOR EXAMINATION No printed description could give you an adequate idea of their beauty. And so we want to send you the complete set at our expense. Just write your name on the blank below—or a letter will do. But write promptly as the first edition will soon be exhausted, and then the special introductory price must be advanced. OE PRO ene he eet INSPECTION BEANK 92. ..20 2 ee Nature Lovers League of America, Inc., 44 Hast 23d Street, New York I wish to inspect at your expense the four volume Library of Birds and Mammais of America. If satisfactory I will pay you $1 down and $2 a month until the special introductory price of $19.50 is paid (or $18 cash). If not, I shall return the books at your expense. age. Oo0.12-17 AMARONE tied Bl snc leciyic ce Sa es'e a6 A RR he ewe = aaa OCceupation... 6 OS. che eee Street ..... "MOE un wedtbl cael te, ge eon Gity amd Statiewe ok... isick oo see ee f SVS PASSING PANGS BANS SNS SN PS t+ @ Sy N44 @ O e Re) wey ZS SINS : NSS SAN : i @e@4 } e J : ey, THE UOLOGIST. BIRDS--NESTS--EGGY* TAXIDERMY Vorcmurow Vv. No. 2. ALBION, NOY. Fes. i198: WHOLE No. 367 BRIEF SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENTS Wanted, Exchange, For Sale, Etc., for each 25 words for one issue; each additional serted for less than 25 cents. inserted in this department at 25 cents word 1 cent. No notice in- TAKE NOTICE. SUBSCRIPTION, 50 CENTS PER YEAR Examine the number on the wrapper of your Oologist. It denotes the time your subscription expires. Remember we must be notified if you wish it discontinued and all arrearages must be paid. 367 your sub- scription expires with this issue. 353 your subscription expired with December issue 1916. Other expirations can be compu ted by intermediate numbers at the rate of one : number per month. We will not advertise the skins, nests, These columns are for the use of those desiring North American Birds for sale. Entered as second-class matter De- cember 21, 1908, at the post office al Albion, N. Y., under the Act of Congress of March 38, 1879. In answering advertisements in these columns mention “The Oologist,” and thereby help us, as well as the ad- vertiser and yourself. mounted eggs, or specimens of to make bona fide exchanges of such specimens for scientific collecting purpo- ses only. BIRDS WANTHD—A pair of living Sand Hill Cranes A. O. U. No. 306, taken north of the center of the U. S. If the birds are only slightly wingtipped this will not matter. For them I will pay a good price. R. M. Barnes, Lacon, III. FOR EXCHANGE-—Ihavea beautiful, well- mounted, perfectly plumaged specimen each of Black Rosy Finch and Goshawk, which I will exchange for good set ofeggs. GERARD ALAN ABBOTT, Grosse Pointe Shores, Michigan. FOR EXCHANGE—A. No.1 skins of ducks, geese and swan and other birds from this section offered for sets of eggs. or some west coast duck skins. Send full list; desire many common sets. Also have fine list of dupli- cate onithological book for sale. HAROLD H. BAILEY, 319-54th St.. Newport News. Va. PERCHES-—I have about 150 sets of turned perches for birds. to suit birds from the size of a warbler to the largest hawks and owls. Will sell the lot reasonable or trade. Also have a number of rustic stands with natural limbs, cork bark stumpS.etc. M.J. HOFF- MAN, Taxidermists, 1818 Bleecker, St., Brooklyn, N. Y PASSHNGHR PIGHONS: Have one mounted bird in fair condition to ex- change for best offer in rare sets. RICHARD C. HARLOW, State College, Pennsylvania. The following skins with measurements and full data to exchange for good full sets— Crow, 1 male; Roadrunner, 1 female; Coot. 1 female, Hermit Thrush, 1 male, 1 female; Scissortail Flycatcher, 1 male; Grey-tailed Cardinal 1 male, 1 female; White-crowned Sparrow, 1 male,1 female; Vesper Sparrow, 2 males; Western Lark Sparrow, 2 males; Myrtle Warbler, 1 male, 1 female; 1 Chipping Sparrow, 1 female, Field Sparrow, 1 male, Bell Vireo,l1 male. ELTON PERRY, 610 Bay- lor St., Austin Texas. MOUNTED BIRDS—A number of North American Tropical and a few European birds to offer for desirable skins and mounted Specimens or cash. All are neatly mounted and on attractive stands; will ship without stands if desired. Send lists and get mine. M.J. HOFFMAN, Taxidermist, 1818 Bleecker St., Brooklyn, N. Y. FOR EXCHANGE—A large list of Al North American species of skins for specimens needed in my collection. C. W. CHAMBER- LAIN, 36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass. — EGGS. In sending in your exchange notices tor nests, skins and eggs, we would ap- preciate it if you would arrange the numerals in your exchange notice in their numerical order, and not tumble them together hit and miss, as some of our readers are complaining, and we think justly so. WANTED—Fnhtire collections of eggs, also eggs of Rare North American Birds. R. M. BARNES, Lacon, [1]. Eggs in sets for exchange for my collection Can use many common sets. MEARL B. WHEELER, EK. Randolph, N. Y. I willbe able to answer all communications, which, owing to business I have been unable to reply to for the last several months within a very short time. I trust my -correspon- dents will bear with me. J. KE. HARRIS, Dayton, Ohio. RED CEDAR SAW- DUST—Can supply this ideal tray lining material, clean and siftea, in sacks of half bushel or more. Wil] exchange for first-class sets and skins de- sired, on a basis of 60 cents per peck. A. F. GANIER. 1221 17th Ave., S., Nashville, Tenn. FOR EXCHANGE—Sets of 30 1-1, 201 1-5, 191 5-4, 202 10-3, 6-4, 263 1-3, 1 584 5-3 1-4, 593 1-2 3-3, 598 1. @ 624 1-3 2-4, 705 3-4, 725 1-5. Ostrich and Hmen, one egg each. Full data. RICHARD F. MILLER, 2069 East Tioga St., Phila- delphia, Penn. FOR HEXCHANGE— European and Asiatic sets in exchange for No. Ameri- can species. C. W. CHAMBERLAIN, 36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass. SPECIAL OF FER—Send for sample of my data with your name oe on them, 500 for $1.00 postpaid. EDW. 8. COOMBS, 243 Hranklin St., Boston, ee FOR EXCHANGE— The following well pre- 3-4. 719c 3-7 5-6 3-5, 732a 1-6 1-5, 761 1-4. Chickadee 1-4 $1. 00 per egg. Sereech Owl or $1.00 per egg, one egg cracked, Howell Nighthawk 6-2 or $1.00 per egg. Select your wants and send list. ELTON PERRY, 610 Baylor St., Austin, Texas. FOR EXCHANGE—Have Reeds IN: UA: new, for best offer in Al sets. M. C. BAD- GER, Santa Paula, Calif. kK. L. Skinner, Brooklands Estate Office, Weybridge, England, desires correspondence and exchange with reliable collectors. Only the very vest sets will be accepted or offered. Present requirements includes series of 261, 263, 273, 337, 339, 364, 387, 388, 501, 498, 534a, 535, 537, 538, 539, 540, 541, 543, 544, 546, 552, 552a, 560, 561, 563, 575, 585, 603, 605, 619, 624, 749, 754, 757, 758, 759b, 761, 763, etc. Sets offered 229, 271, 274, 473. 493, 269; fine series British Buntings, Finches, Thrushes, Tits, Warblers, etc. Also fine sets from Lab. rador of 559, 554, 515, 274 etc. and rare and in- vetesuing sets from India, Australia and rica. 1 THE OOLOGIST Will be glad to hear from reliable col- lectors and to receive their lists. Have good list to offer including some rare species. RiCHARD C. HARLOW, State College, Pa. od WANTED—To correspond with collectorS§ having perfect sets of Murrelets, Anklets- Tropic birds. Mex. Jacana, Limpkin, Turn- stone, Bartram’s Piper and No. Phalerope. Can offer Loons, Albatross’s, Hawks, Owls and Mourning and Cerulean Warblers, etc. ee auewiered HAROLD MEYERS, Medina FOR EXCHANGE: For best offers. Birds of Michigan (Cook ’93) Birds of KE. A. Chap- man, ’01. 80 Oologist 200 first-class skins, drills. scalpel, etc. WM. WILKOWSKI, Kalamazoo, Mich. Care Gen. Delvy. WANTED—Sets of 113.1, 249, 252, 260, 298, 332, 344, 393c, 399, 463, 521, 573, 583, 685, etc. dj, JEL BOWLES, The Wood- stock, Tacoma, Wash. WANTEHD—lLists of choice sets from reliable collections. I can offer Sand- hill Crane, Swallow-tail Kite, Bald and Golden Hagle, Duck Hawk, Snowy Owl and many others. All answered. A. H. PRICE, Grant Park, I11. WANTED—Singles or broken sets in quan- tities, or small lots; also books on Taxidermy, curios, etc. EK. HARRIS, 259 Maple St., Dayton, Ohio. WANTED—Many common sets and some not so common: Have a few good sets to offer. Write. All answered. F. M. CAR- RYL, Maplewood, N. J. ; WANTED--To exchange low and medium valued United States and Foreign stamps for bird eggs. Will also buy eggs of all kinds. LAWRENCE ALLEN, Union, Iowa. FOR EXCHANGE — AI sets Loons, Ken- nicots Screech Owls, Lutescent Warbler, taken lastseason. Want Shard-shinned Hawk, Audubon Warbler and other. WAL- Buk BEVETON, St. Charles St., Victoria, — If you want to increase your collec- tion of birds eggs or to dispose of the same advertise in THE OOLOGIST. It will produce results as it reaches al- most every person in North America who is a collector of Oological speci- mens and a great many who are not but who wish thy were. We give one free ad. with every subscription. FOR EXCHANGE—Following Alsets. with data—15, 2-1, 105 1-1, 105 1-2-1, 337b 2-3, 486 1-4, 375d 1-2, 617 1- 5, 685b 1- 3, and others, for sets needed in my collection. C. BADGER, Santa Paula, Calif. WANTED—One good set of the Gray Sea Eagle. Can offer 21-4, 7 1-2, 230 1-4, 337b 1-2, 360 1-2. 365 1-5, 417 1-2 and others. ~ ERNEST S. NORMAN, Kalevala, Manitoba. THE OOLOGIST MISCELLANDOUS. FOR SALE—Complete course of Taxi- dermy lessons at a bargain. RAMON GRA- HAM, 401 W. Leuda St., Ft. Worth, Texas. POLYPHEMUS COCOONS for sale at 2c each, or Guenenee for insects or cocoons par- ticularly west, south or foreign. KENT SCIEN Tre IC MUSEUM, Grand Rapids,Mich Any one having a good Steropticon Lantern for exchange, please communicate with ARTHTR W. BROCK WAY, Hadlyme. Conn. W ANTED—Colored bird slides. Also first class lantern for cash or exchange for bird or mammal skins. ALBERT LANO, Fayetteville, Ark. FOR SALE—Two handsome Virginia Red Cedar cabinets suitable for eggs or skins. Also one smaller Walnut Cabi- net, cheap. WHARTON HUBER, Gwy- nedd Valley, Pa. WANTEHED—To exchange lepidoptera with collectors in every part of the world. Send your list of offers. Please ante. THEODORE R. GREER, Aledo, Illinois. FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE:—No. 3 Bulls eye Eastman Kodak, new and in good condi- tion. Ask $5.00, cost $9.00. Send offers of ex- change. JOHNSON NEFF, Marionville, Mo. FOR SALE—Stevens collecting gun with shells. loading tools, etc. Price $80.00 W.N. PECK, 19 Elm PI., Quincy, Mass. PERSONAL—Would like to become_ac- quainted with active Oologist in New York City. Westchester Co., or nearby, with view to expeditions next spring. L. C. S. please write. RAYMOND FULLER, White Plains, Nees ts, 2. D: No. 1. TO EXCHANGE — One 24x 34 Eastman Kodak. One 34x44 Seneca Camera. One Edison Phonograph with 200 records. One Slide Trombone, silver-plated. A. ae ee, 69 W. Chippewa St., Buffalo, WANTED—382x4z double extension hand camera with Dagor lens in Compound or Op- _ timo shutter. I can offer 5x7, f-4.5 Crown anastigmat in Ilex Acme shutter. A. D. Du Bois, Dutton, n, Montana. WANTED—Bird magazines in good condi- tion. Stat2 what you h ve and the price. Also want some Promethea Cocoons. H. E. MUNROE, Clinton, Ont. Can. BOOKS. W ANT— For cash or exchange, many issues of Oologist. Usprey, etc.. also Birds of W ash- ington, D. C. and vicinity, by ats L. W. Maynard, RALPH W. JACKSON, R. No. 1. Cambridge, Md. WANTED—Back numbers of many amateur bird publications. List of de- siderate sent to anyone having any- thing in this line for sale or exchange. Also have many numbers of Auk, Con- dor, Bird Lore, O. & O., Oologist, Bull. Cooper Club, ete. to exchange. = (ey BENT, Taunton, Mass. III FOR SALE.—The Auk Vol. 6, 10, 11, 12 in the original cover. ERNEST ROR ER 900 S. 4th St., St. Louis, Mo. WANTED FOR CASH—The Condor Vols 1-9 inel., Bird Lore Vols.1and 2 incl., Nos. 1 and 2 of Vol. 3; No. 1 of Vol. 7; The Oologist of Utica, N. Y. Vols 1-5 inc. and its continuation. The Ornithologist and Oologist Vols. 6-8 incl. ie F. BOLT, 1421 Prospect Ave., Kansas City, O. FOR SALE—Auks 4 Vol. 1894 to 97. Vols. 11-12-13-14 for cash. EK. CASK, Avon, Conn. FOR SALE—Back numbers complets last four years of Auk, Ooologist, Bird Lore, also complete set of The Warbler. Offers requested. H: MOUSLEY, Hat- ley, Quebec. TO EXCHANGE—For best offers, Oologist, 05, 1911, Birds of Michigan (paper Cook. ’93) Chap. East. Birds ’01. Several hundred eastern. WM. WIL- KOWSKI, 225 E. Patterson St., Kalama- Z00, Mich. W ANTEHD—To correspond with any- body having back numbers of bird mag- azines for sale. DeLOACH MARTIN, Marshall, Texas. WANTEHD—Exchange or sale lists of books or magazines on birds and gen- eral natural history. B. S. BOWDISH, Demarest, N. J. Ozark Lepidoptera; Catcalauye for ex- change or sale, correspoudence wanted with insect collector in the Southeastern Gulf, and Western states. lard, Mo., R No W ANTED—A copy of Kirkwood’s ‘Birds of Maryland”’'{in good condition. Will pay cash. H. N. HARRISON, Cambridge, Md. Frank L. Burns’ Bibliography of scarce or ra of print North American Amateur and rade Publications in existence. Price 25c. R. M. BARNES, Lacon, Ill. FOR SALE—First four volumes of “‘Nidi- Ologist’’—$2.50 each. Volume IX. *““Condor’’— $1.50. ‘‘Oologist”, Vols. Ito XXIV inclusive at half list price. Many other publications. EK. SCHUTZE, Austin, Texas. Box 302. SALE OR EXCHANGE—Large engraved poe OND BROWER. Wil- picture, “Battle of Gettysbure’’. Edison Home Phonograph and records. Havea few Al sets to dispose of by exchange. Want sets of ,332 etc., and raw furs. All answered. JAMES O. JOHNSON, North Main Street, Southington, Conn. I have for exchange the following books. «ll in good condition. Fisher’s “Hawks and Owls”. Cory’s “Birds of Ills.—Wis.” Birds of Ohio, Two Vols. by W. E. D Dawson. The Warblers of North America by Chapman. Ind. Dept. of Geology and Natural Resources, 22d annual report. Feathered Game of the North East, by Walter I. Rich. “Birdcraft’’ by Mable Osgood Wright. ‘‘Birdneighbors”’ by Neltjie Blanchan. ‘Nat'l History” by San- born Tenny A. M. 500 engravings ©. Scribner, 1866. “Birds of Eastrn N. America’’ Chap- man. “DecentofMan’’.Darwin. “Catalogue Canadian Birds” Jno. Jas. Macoun. “Nests and Eggs North American Birds’, Darie, 4th Ed. Will exchange for eg’s in sets. GER- ARD ALAN ABBOTT; Grosse Pointe Shores, Michigan. IV See: BE: Pee ee ee ee WA NA ( NAN mm ANZ THE OOLOGIST 7A Princely Christmas Present To Every Bird Lover After years of preparation a new study of our native birds and animals has appeared, marking an epoch in this literature. Both in text and picture it is satisfying and authoritative. Every bird lover will want it the minute he sees it. ‘‘The Book of a Thousand Birds’”’ Not since Audubon prepared his pioneer “Birds of America” has a work of such importance appeared. It is the final result of a con- certed effort begun many months ago, on the part of foremost orni- thologists, field observers, and artists, to make a complete record of our native birds. Their completed work—the new BIRDS OF AMBER- ICA—is the first story of our feathered life to include them all. T. Gilbert Pearson | Is editor-in-chief; JOHN BURROUGHS is consulting editor; and back of them are a score of naturalists of like calibre—such men as E. H. Forbush, State Ornithologist of Massachusetts, W. L. Finley, State Biologist of Oregon, Herbert K. Job, Bruce Horsfall, R. I. Brasher, and others. Wonderfully Beautiful Color Plates In addition to a wealth of field pictures and drawings, the value of this work is heightened by the inclusion of over 300 color pictures of our native birds, and over 100 eggs in natural colors. This is recog- nized as the most important series of bird studies ever made. It brings into the pages a constant glow of beauty and delight. MAMMALS OF AMERICA Another section of this library describes and pictures our native mammals in the same comprehensive way. The editor-in-chief of this section is H. E. Anthony of the American Museum of Natural History. Over 500 species are included, with wonderful field pictures. COMPLETE SET SENT FREE FOR EXAMINATION No printed description could give you an adequate idea of their beauty. And so we want to send you the complete set at our expense. Just write your name on the blank below—or a letter will do. But write promptly as the first edition will soon be exhausted, and then the special introductory price must be advanced. SP csmiies Be scsatioh do ign BBO to isieae 5 ae INSPECTION BEANK oo... oe oe uc Nature Lovers League of America, Inc., 44 Hast 23d Street, New York I wish to inspect at your expense the four volume Library of Birds and Mammais of America. If satisfactory I will pay you $1 down and $2 a month until the special introductory price of $19.50 is paid (or $18 cash). If not, I shall return the books at your expense. O0.12-17 Ji ee 0a Smee ale aie SNE an AN See Se 3 otc, RR Occupation. <2. ..5.4 eee SUB GEL 4:5 hate onaua rs eye ca, Hokie what and en Biehl bbrc laleclecig: heen eee NANA NANA NAY wee as wie : ey : REG @Yy : : @Y, is 354 NAS THE OOLOGIST. VoL. XXXV. No. 2 ALBION, N. Y., Frs. 1, 1918. WHOLE No. 367 Owne da and Published Monthly, by R. M. Barnes, Albion, N.Y., and Lacon, Ill. OOOOOOOOOOO PLIDORUARY Tebruary is the month for Owls. Itis this month that the big North ‘American Owls of various species collect their nesting site, and fre- quently lay their eggs. eee /\ day’s wondering through the woods is likely to result in the ad- dition of one or more sets of rare eggs to the collection of the won- derer. Take the advice of the Editor and wonder. CoDEOOCOOEE learenneieeas Sassenssesaesess THE OOLOGIST 16 ‘sues OL sed oy} Ul pey OAeY OM AjaIUeA S14} JO SUsWIDedS OUlU JO YSse] 94}, SEM 2] “ZL6} 4equiadeq U! pelp p4lq sIyL "10}IPS 942 JO DOe/d BWOY 9Y4} UO (WOJEeUIDONG wojo) UeMS uszodwnul yse] SUL THE OOLOGIST 17 Bird Collecting In Eastern Colombia Paul G@. Howes PART VIII March 13th. Chapman and I left Villavicencio at 7:30 a. m. Having a two hour ride before us we decided to take it easy and collect on the way. We stopped first about a mile from the town, tying our horses in the bushes and then going off towards the Parado river to hunt. This turned out to be a good idea as Chapman shot a new kind of Orapendula and I got a beautiful new Capito. Altogether we took sixteen birds. It was then dis- covered that the tripod had been left at Villavicencio so I had to go back and get it. This delay was short as I had a fine spirited horse, and we finally reached Buenavista at noon. Here we were received by the whole family with open arms. This house is very nice, being second only in my opinion to Consuelo. The food is ex- ceptional and the place fairly clean. After Almuerzo, (Lunch) we went off into the finest and largest tropical forest that I have ever seen. The trees are huge moss grown ones COov- ered with other parasitic growth which drop countless numbeis of lianas and bush ropes to the earth. The ground is thickly grown with tree ferns, mosses, and white lilies which give off a delicious perfume. The forest, although huge and dense, is open enough underneath to allow one to go most anywnere, witn- ‘out using a knife. We followed a little icy stream which runs through the woods winding in and out among boulders and moss-grown logs. Half a mile in we struck the Parado once more, here but a mountain brook un- der the branches of towering Ceibas and Purple-hearts. The water was icy cold and clear as crystal with a bed of rough pebbles and sand. We made several photographs and then turned back, as it was nearly three o’clock, with sixteen birds to be skinned. We finished at five and then went out for a short while before Comida, (supper). I shot a very valuable species of Conophoga and Chapman took a chestnut-naped swift. The light in the jungle is almost cut off by five o’clock and hunting is difficult at this hour, yet there are many birds out, that one does not see during the hotter hours of the day. The temperature here is perfect and the forest actually cool, in fact it is ideal for the natural- ist. The house is situated on top of a ridge on the trail to Bogota. It is a remarkable situation from the fact that on the north and northwestern sides one looks up a gorgeous valley with a background or mountains 14,200 feet high, while on the south and east are the Llanos, flat plains two thousand feet below, where rivers may be seen, their whole snake like courses winding about for many miles until they are lost in the distant haze. Other yellow patches appear like great bodies of water, but these are the yel- low grasses of the plains. Ths scenery is surpassed only by tha snow-capped mountains as seen from the trail at Consuelo. March 14th. I was out at dawn this morning, reaching the dark forest to the east by 6 a. m. Stayed out until eleven and in this time succeeded in taking nine of the difficult forest birds, together with a small black squirrel. Those of interest were a fine Dacnus, a pair of fine flycatchers, a rare ant thrush, a wood huer, the female of the Capito I shot yesterday and a new blue crowned hummer. Chapman went into the western forest and took several photographs and col- lected three .beautiful specimens of pipradae. In these three birds he had two, new to the expedition. One a 18 THE OOLOGIST dark colored one with yellow crown and and the other two dark, with white crowns and vivid blue rumps. While we were skinning this after- noon, a boy came in with a fine speci- men of the Umbrella bird, whose body we ate for supper after preserving the skin. I had a good shot at a fine wild turkey or Guan this morning but got nothing except a few feathers. We had a wonderful supper served to us tonight, so remarkable in fact, that I give the menu just as it was brought on the table: Chicken soup, roast chicken, Umbrella bird, fried plantain, rice, Panella syrup, Guava jam, coffee, hot bread. This is really exceptional and Chap- man and I are rejoicing at our good fortune. March 15th. This morning I went into the western forest and only took five birds, none of them remarkable. After skinning, I spent the afternoon sketching and collecting vegetation. In the evening, aS we were having a smoke and recounting the events of the expedition, Cherrie, Ring, Furetes and O’Connell arrived, with the news that as next week is Holy week, no drivers could be secured for our pack animals, so we will have to leave in the morning. Ring brought a fine fox squirrel with him and Furetes a huge wood rat thirty inches long. Its front feet were curiously divided and specialized for climbing among the bamboo shoots in which it lived. (This animal later proved new to science, but has not been given a:name as yet). March 16th. We left Buenavista at 7 a. m. all on good animals which Cherrie had secured in Villavicenzio before departing yesterday. We fol- lowed the same trail that I came over last week and nothing of particular in- terest happened, except when a large Gallictus ran across the trail about fifty feet in front of us. We had another good look at the beautiful roaring river at Riporal. Chapman and Cherrie took several photographs of the crown on the trail and many of the unmatched scenery. We reached Susumucoo, at 11 a. m., where we se- cured some eggs and chocolate and then went on to Monteradondo, arriv- ing there just at five, ten hours after starting. Just beyond Susumucoo, Chapman shot two fine Red-primaried flycatch- ers. Unfortunately they fell way down in the underbrush on the side of an almost perpendicular cliff. Ring and I went down by hanging on to shrubs and roots and secured one of the birds. It was then found to be im- possible to get up again by the route we went down as the roots would not hold when our whole weight was put upon them. We were perhaps two hundred feet down the mountain, in a very bad place on the cliff side. From this position we made our way over to an old water running down the side of the mountain, but the stones slipped too much from under us and we had to abandon this way of getting up again. There was just one thing left to do and that was to go up a land slide of shale, by clinging to the more firmly imbedded stones. After some consideration, we started up, but soon found that the shale slipped badly from under us. Below was a drop for a thousand feet to the rocky river valley and above nearly two hundred feet of climb. We stuck to it through necessity, clinging with our nails and shoes. Once the stones started under me and I thought I was gone, but my. foot caught against another rock. We finally got to the top, almost exhaust- ed only to find that a solid wall at the edge of the trail confronted us. Ring zot up unaided, but I had to be hauled up by hands from above. When we took the bird to Chapman, he pro- THE OOLOGIST 19 nounced it new, so we felt well repaid for our exciting experience. March 17th. Today we came back over the same trail that I followed on March 9th. We left Monteradondo at 6 a. m., after a fond farewell to Er- mincita, the girl with the guitar, and her sisters. At 9:00 we came to a house where we had some refresh- ments and then travelled on to Ca- cueza again where we arrived at 38 p. m. and stopped at the posada where the two pretty Colombians were en- countered, on the way to Villavicencio. In the evening they brought in sev- eral of their friends, and the lot of us sang and danced and flirted until a late hour. They are a great lot, these fair maidens of the Southland, full of fun and ever ready to make a strang- er feel at home in these far away mountains. Ring’s American Buck and Wing, made a great hit. with the crowd which collected round our win- dows, and when Cherrie and I intro- duced the turkey-trot with the girls, the merriment was akin to riot. lI shall never forget Tommn Ring, a little, short, wiry fellow, cigarette stuck in the corner of his unshaven face clogging away with his spurs rattling, in that gang of open-mouthed Colombians! March 18th. We left Cacueza at 8 a. m. and galloped most of the way to Chipaque, trying to see who could get there first. Many of the natives must have imagined that the country was attacked when the six of us came along in all our hunting array. We arrived at the town at noon and after a good meal started on to Bogota where we arrived once more after a heavy rain storm at 6 p. m. (To be continued) eee Making Skins of Owls and Herons Although thé ordinary methods of making up bird skins have been des- cribed in so many books on taxidermy and ornithology that there is no ex- cuse for any earnest student being un- acquainted with the art, so far as written instructions can help, yet there are several useful little “K:nxs” which I have never seen described in print and which may be of material assistance to some of the younger readers of the “Oologist.” The first thing which comes to my mind is the difficulty frequently ex- perienced in cleaning blood-soaked plumage of owls. Although I am a firm believer in the use of plaster of paris for drying the plumage of most birds, especially of white feathered ones, I dislike to use it on owls be- cause the soft, downy feathers of this family of birds have a strong tendency to retain more or less of the plaster, no matter how hard you work to beat it out or blow it out. When I find it necessary to clean an Owl’s feathers, I first skin the bird, apply preservations, and turn the skin back right side out. With the forceps, I pick out all heavy clots of blood which I can reach, occasionally in- tentionally pulling out a small feather or two where the blood has ctotted badly around the shaft of the feather. Then I sponge the feathers with clean - warm water, always working from the base toward the tip of the feather, un- til all remaining blood stains are re- moved. The next step is to wipe off all surplus water and then sponge the wet feathers with gasoline. The gas- olin should never be omitted when it is possible to obtain it, and thanks tr the automobile industry, it.can be cas- ily procured in almost part of the country. The last step is to dry out the feathers by using a plentiful sup- ply of very fine hard-wood sawdust, working it into the feathers and beat- ing it out again, and repeating this un- til the last particle of moisture is out THE OOLOGIST r « 20 | "A 'N ‘UA| -yOo1g jO }PSIWUepIxe, ‘UBWOH "fC "I) Aq 4OAO SUOP Spulg pezUNO|] Jo BSeO JEM THE OOLOGIST 21° and the feathers are quite dry and fluffy as in life. A little of the saw- dust may cling tenaciously among the bases of the feathers, but it will never give the specimen a dusty appearance as plaster sometimes will. The saw- dust is also very useful in drying black feathers, a crown plumage for instance, which is likely to have a grayish appearance if plaster is used. The use of very fine hard-wool saw- dust for this purpose was first brought to my attention by Mr. Edward R. Adams, formerly a collector for the Biological Survey, who uses this method extensively on many different kinds of birds. I have given it a fair trial and find that it gives very good results. Another source of trouble to the amateur taxidermist is the difficulty of keeping in place the wings of large birds, such as eagles, ospreys or herons. Their wings keep slipping out of place when shaping up a skin unless some extra precautions are taken to avoid it. Of course, any book will tell you to tie the wing bones to- gether inside the skin. But, besides doing this, there is another trick of the trade which is much greater help. When you are finishing up the skin of a bird with large, heavy wings which seem to refuse to stay where they be- long, use an extra long needle and take a _ stitch with strong twine through the wing of the bird some- where about opposite the middle of the radius and ulna bones, pass the needle clear through the body and _ out through the corresponding part of the opposite wing and then return it through the body so as to include enough of the bones of each wing to enable you to pull them tightly up against the sides of the body and tie them securely. You can easily lap some of the wing coverts over the knot to conceal it. Some difficulty may be experienced in passing the needle through the body if you have used cotton batting as part of the filling material, but with little: patience and perseverance , you can accomplish it. A second similar’ stitch taken through the body far enough back from the shoulders so that it will in- clude the shafts of some of the stiff feathers of the wings will effectually settle the question of holding the wings where they belong and will give a better shaped cabinet specimen than I can obtain by any other means. A couple of hints on making skins of large herons may be helpful. I used to make heron skins in all the various shapes and styles which I have ever described in print, and was usually more or less dissatisfied with the results, so after a while I began to make them up after a fashion of my own which seems to me to be an im- provement over the ordinary way. i make the back of the heron skin the “show side” by laying the bird on its breast with the feet doubled up under- neath the skin, the legs being tied neatly together at both ends of the tarsu to keep them in place. Then let the head and neck extend straight for- ward, lying flat with the head turned so as to lay on its side with the bill pointing forward nearly in line with the body. I realize that the objection may be raised that a skin made in this man- ner is not so compact and easy to handle or to pack for shipment as one which has the neck bent over to lay on the back or along the edge of one of the wings, but when the beauty of the skin as a cabinet specimen is con- sidered, there can be no question but what this method:displays the bird in a much more pleasing manner than any other. The feathers of a heron’s upper parts are firm and smooth and 22, THE OOLOGIST always look much better than the fluffy breast feathers can ever be made to appear. The neck of a heron should always have a stout wire in- side to reinforce it anyway, and if properly made up it is not likely to get broken. No matter which way you decide to display a heron skin there is one sim- ple thing which is very helpful and al- so easy to accomplish. A heron or bit- tern has a peculiar growth on the skin of the breast usually called the pow- der-down tract and this frequently shows altogether to prominently as it is an unsightly spot at best. By tak- ing a few stitches across it, on the out- side of the skin, you can draw the edges from each side close enough to- gether so the breast feathers will eas- ily lap over the place and a much nicer finish can be given to that part of the skin with very little trouble. While on the subject of herons a few remarks on the smaller species of this family may not be out of place. Once, many years ago, I had quite a number of freshly killed Little Green Herons which I desired to make up as dry skins for I already had all the mounted birds of that species which I needed. It happened that just as I was starting to skin them, and old friend of mine, a taxidermist of real merit, came along and asked me to go out collecting with him. A _ bright idea came into my head, that I might be able to learn something if I was shrewd, for my friend was very skill- ful and quick at the business. Point- ing to the pile of little herons, I de- clared that I would be delighted to go out with the gun, but I did not wish to leave my birds to spoil as the weather was quite hot. However, if he would help me to prepare their skins, I would go with him as soon as they were finished. He good naturedly said it was a bargain,—and I did learn something which I am never liable to forget. My friend was in a hurry to get the job done, as was of course en- tirely natural under the _ circum- stances, and the speed with which those herons turned into bird skins astonished me. After skinning and poisoning a bird, he put cotton batting in the cavities of the skull and turned the skin right side out. Then he picked up a sheet of paper and instantly made a very long and slender cone of it by dexter- ously one edge over his finger. The pointed end of the cone was pushed up inside the heron’s skin until it en- tered the skull. Then the other end of the cone was cut off with the scis- sors so that it would just drop inside the skin near the stump of the tail. A wad of cotton was jammed into this end of the cone to Keep it from collap- sing and two or three stitches were taken to bring the feathers of the ab- domen together, and the interior ar- rangements of the skin were ended. After a few trifling touches to adjust the eyelids and tie the mandibles to- gether, and a little pressure to flatten the paper cone inside the neck, another and larger paper cone was made, the bird was slid into this one, head first, and the specimen was finished, ready to dry. In a very short time all my little herons were drying on the table and I followed my oblig- ing friend on his afternoon ramble. I have since made up other small skins in this manner, and, while I do not recommend it when you have ~ plenty of time and materials, to work with, I must admit that when pressed for time or when in camp where other materials cannot be obtained, am ex- pert can prepare a very smooth look- ing skin in this way, especially on birds whose shape is naturally rather long and slender. This little scheme has saved many THH OOLOGIST 23 a bird skin when lack of time and ma- terial made it impossivle to proceed in the regular manner. H. O. Green, Wakefield, Mass. ok ee ee J Egg Collecting in England No doubt it is quite as difficult for American collectors to realize the con- ditions here as it is for us to realize those which exist in the states. To begin with there is not, except in the most remote parts of Ireland and Scotland, any great extent of really mild country. Where there is any great extent of woodland it is generally “preserved.” This means that the pheasant shooting is pre- served for the owner or some rich man to whom the _ sporting rights are let, and that is patrolled by game-keepers who have to be liberal- ly bribed by would-be collectors. More generally, however, it will be found that they have no sympathy with col- lectors and peremptorily order them off the woods if found and the law is pretty generally on their side. In the southern counties of England the hedgerows, which fringe the roads, and which contribute so much to the rural beauty of the country, are fruit- ful nesting places as well as the banks at the side of the roads, many of which have worn out deep cuttings during the hundreds of years they have been in use before they came to be well metalled and macadamised. The robin, which loves to frequent the neighborhood of houses and farms during winter, generally places its nest in the side of a bank by the road and, as the nest is made early in Aprii, before there is much vegetation to hide it, it is not very difficult to find. On a high bank, among ivy or tree roots, we may find the Pied Wagtail’s nest, and the Wren’s, while Thrushes and Blackbirds often chose a similar situation. Some of the hedges here are recent- ly planted hawthorn or holly and are kept neatly trimmed while others are mere strips left from original wood- land and may be many yards in thick- ness with great forest. trees in the midst of them. These bigger hedges will be found to contain a very large variety of nests from the warblers, which will be found in the under- growth, to finches in the higher lateral branches and, higher still, the Red- backed Shrike, Pigeon, Turtle Dove and even perhaps the Jay which usual- ly prefers a more secluded spot. Then down among the dead leaves and dead undergrowth in the bottom of the hedge I have found the nest of the nightingale while hollow trees at the roadside will accomodate Tits and the Wryneck. I forgot to mention the grassy banks often fringing our coun- try roads. Here may be found, on the ground, the nests of the Tree and Red-legged Partridge. Among the younger shoots of saplings, trimmed every year, one will find the Yellow Hammer’s nest sometimes most care- fully hidden. An old orchard, with grass growing among the trees, and the more un- kempt the better, will be found always a good nesting place. The holes in the trees house tits and wrynecks and starlings and, of course, House Spar- rows, and sometimes even he Wood- peckers and the Nuthatch while the Tree Creeper loves too, so different from yours with its glossy light blue eges quite unspotted, nests in holes in old fruit trees and the Spotted Fly- catcher makes its inconspicuous nest, covered with moss and lichens, on a rough ledge where perhaps an old dead bough has been sawed off or in the cleft of a_ wall. Chaffinches, Greenfinches, Linnets, Hawfinches and Goldfinches nest in the °§ smaller branches of the more bushy trees and often in the tops of the most bushy 24 THH OOLOGIST apple and pear trees we find the Red- backed Shrike’s nest. High up the tallest apple and pear trees, in a fork and covered with moss to harmonize with the color of the limbs, is perched the Missel Thrush’s nest and it is one of the first to be built and often has a clutch before the end of March. In the south of England in places where the land is poor and the com- mons have not been “enclosed” and where they are still rough acres of bracken, gorse bushes and scraggy wood we shall find the commons a good hunting ground and ,a2 place where the gamekeepers has no author- ity. The gorse bushes are the favor- ite nesting site of the Linnet but house also Thrushes, Blackbirds, Hedge Sparrows, Chaffinches, Long-tailed Tits with their most beautiful domed nests of moss decked all over with lichen, and many of the warblers. The pond, if there is one, will be fringed with reeds amongst which we may find suspended the nests of the Sedge and Reed Warblers while, only just raised above the water and among the reeds, we shall perhaps find the nest of the Wild Duck, Moorhen, Coot and Little Grebe. Another time, if your editor has the Space to spare, I may have a word to say about nesting in the wilder parts of the country among the waders and sea birds. K. L. Skinner, Weybridge, England. a Ea an Ae ae Unusual Sets of Red Tail Hawk Eggs In arranging our series of eggs of this bird we ran across several that are worthy of note. The following first five sets are the largest eggs of this species that have come under our observation. It takes a large series of the eggs of any birds from which to draw safe conclusions, and our con- clusion as a result of the examination and handling of approximately 200 sets of the eggs of this bird, 96 sets of which are still in our collection, is that these five sets are among the largest eggs of this bird in existence. March 24, 1886. R. M. Barnes, La- con, Ill. A very heavily marker set. 2.50 x 1.01, 2.50 x 1.01, 2.45 x 1.99. April 11, 1892. A. C. Miurchisan, Ke- wanee, Ill. Both eggs almost unmark- ed. ' 2.55 x 2.04, 2.52 x 2.038. April 7, 1905. Henry W. Beers, Warren, Connecticut. One well mark- ed and one nearly unmarked. 2.59 K 2.04, 2.53 x 2.01. April 11, 1912. Henry Ws Beers Warren, Connecticut. One egg well marked and one fairly well marked. 2:50 X 22025249) xee2n03: April 7, 1904. Henry W. Beers, Warren, Connecticut. Two eggs fair- ly well marked and one very lightly clouded over about one-fourth the sur- face. 2.55 & 1.99, 2:47 x 1.95, 25 50 xe 129 Gee In this connection it is worthy of note that the following set are the smallest eggs of this bird that have ever come under the observation of the writer. We wonder whether any other oologists have any larger or smaller eggs than are above referred to. April 1, 1894. R. M. Barnes, Lacon, Ill. One egg sparsely blocked, the other faintly marked about the larger end. 2.99 x 1.64, 2.23 x 1.66. R. M. Barnes. nt en ere Sse eae Robins in Pineallas County Florida We had not seen any Robins around our place all the winter of 1914-15 un- til Feb. 9th, when they paid us a visit and stayed until the 16th. We have two large Camphor trees that were loaded with their black acrid berries, THE OOLOGIST 25 bushels of them, but the Robins seem- ed to like them and cleaned them up. There must have been some thous- ands of the birds, the two acres of ground around the house, the trees and the air was full of them and every little while a number of them would come to drink at a small fountain near the house. I set my camera on a stool a few feet away, fastened a thread to the trigger which I led through a win- dow and in this way got several good snap shots while they were drinking. On the 16th they all left as suddenly as they had come. Re DS Hoye, Clearwater, Fla. The two photos of these Robins ap- peared in the last number of “The Oologist.’”—Editor. ————————_*@ >—_— Illinois Audubon Society Bulletin, Spring, 1917. Some Remarks Pages 57-63 of this bulletin purports to be a check list of Illinois birds. Of this number, 177 are given as breeding within limits of this state and of this number 103 have been found breeding in Marshall county, Illinois, (See O & meee Es 113, The Oologist, -Vol. Mis, P. 325). . Concerning this list it appears that some remarks, suggested by the ex- perience of the writer and referred to in the foregoing publications would not be out of order. A. O. U. No. 6, Pied Billed Grebe, much to the astonishment of the read- er, this species is not named as a breeder within this state, though it is a common breeder throughout at least the north half of Illinois and has many times been found breeding in the swamps and byous of the [I\linois River, within 60 miles of Lacon in each direction, northwest and southeast. A. O. U. No. 131. Hooded Mergan- ser. This bird was formerly uncom- mon breeder along the Illinois River. A. O. U. No. 132. Mallard Duck. For some unaccountable reason this bird is not given in the list now under review as a breeder in this state, though it has always bred along the Illinois River and formerly around the prairie sloughs, and ponds in consider- able numbers. I have eggs in my col- lection taken in the Winnebago Swamps in Henry county. A. ©: U. No. 139. and 140. Both of these species of Teal nest sparingly along the Illinois River, the latter be- ing the more common breeder and formerly it nested around the prairie ponds and swamps in considerable numbers. Why those birds are not named, in this list as a breeder of this state, we are unable to say. A. O. U. No. 149 and 150. Ring Necked Duck and Scaup Duck. These birds breed sparingly along the _ Illi- nois River, though they are not men- tioned as breeders in this list. A. O. U. No. 206. Sand Hill Crane. Formerly nested on prairies on north- ern and north central Illinois. Why these birds are not referred to in this Bulletin as Illinois breeders is a wonder. R. M. Barnes. ht Lae ep ee we, Illinois Notes I lived this year in Lake Co., IIli- nois, on a farm where there were no cats, that is, no resident cats, one oc- casionally wandered over, but not often. The consequence was, I suc- ceeded by oft raiding the English Sparrow nests, in helping through a fine lot of Barn Swallows, and one day in Autumn I counted about one hun- dred and seventy Barn and Cliff Swal- lows, on the telephone wires. Dur- ing the summer.I destroyed around one hundred and twenty English Spar- rows’ eggs, and at least twenty birds were drowned in tanks. Our dog killed many birds in the 26 THE OOLOGIST field, snapped them as they arose. I found one Fox Sparrow on the fall mi- gration that the dog had just killed, and one that was hung by the skin of the neck in the fence of the chicken yard, during a storm. There must have been two hundred English Sparrows about the barns when I left in December. In April I noted a nest with eggs, and the birds of a pair of Whits _Trumped Shrike in an Osage Orange, also a pair of upland Plover bred on the farm, and a pair of American Bit- tern. Screech Owls were common. Mice fairly swarmed everywhere, also many rats, especially in the buildings, which were closed the greater part of the time. Geo. W. H. vos Burgh asi RN SS, eee eee 8 Bird “Crime” or “Crimes” Against Birds? By no less an authority than the dis- tinguished Dr. Whitmer Stone, are Mr. Geo. E. Neale and Judge F. W. Hen- shaw acquitted in the Auk, (Jan. 1917.) of the “Crime” of having described a new sub-species of the White-fronted Goose and he suggests it was a mere “form.” Perhaps so, as all geese and about everything else in the realm of zoology has form of one kind or another. The term, “form” he says should be used “when we are forced to discuss both species and sub-species at the same time.” Perhaps so, but we are still the sub- ject of “apparent perplexity” caused at least in part, by what we find on page 52 of the same issue of the Auk, where Harry C. Oberholzer, probably our leading authority on Ornithologi- cal systemization, who there says, “Four forms of Toxostoma redirivum have been described” * * * it is now possible to recognize instead of a single form, three fairly well defined geographic races.” “Perplexity,” is the normal condition of one who tries to follow the mysteri- ous ways of big bird doctors into the realms of sub-species, geographic races, etc., particularly when differen- tation is based on such a foundation as (See Auk, Vol. XXXV, Pg. 58). “None of the characters are wholly constant.” Hence they are only “fairly well defined.” Science is supposed to rest on truth, facts subject to demonstration, and common sense! Why split hairs about ‘it? —Hditor. A Disgxace New York State has placed the Great Blue Heron and the Bittern on the list of unprotected birds this year. (All of which is a disgrace to the state of New York—HEditor.) A black squirrel with ear tufts is unusual. One was mounted this season, taken in Ontario, Canada. It was black all over the body, and the upper half of its tail merged into a brown. i Goshawks are not plentiful in this part of the country and a large fe- male taken near Mauch Chunk, Pa., may be worth mentioning. It was shot early in December and sent to be mounted. A small mouse was found in this bird’s stomach, swallowed whole. Great South Bay, Long Island, has always been a good place for ducks © and the early snow and storms we are having are helping shooting a great deal. Broadbills are the most common but Black Ducks are plenti- ful and Shelldrakes about one third. Good flocks of Brant were seen and a few shot. M. J. Hoffman, Brooklyn, N. Y. gid a ene European Widgeon in Virginia I wish to record the capture of a THE OOLOGIST 27 fine male European Widgeon in North Bay, Princess Anne County, Va., on November 26, 1917. The bird was with a flock of Baldpates and was shot by A. Dozier. This makes the fifth specimen of this species in my collec- tion. _. 2 ae A son of the well-known oologis<, Chas. H. Jackson, of West Chester, Pa., is in the Aviation service of the United States and located near New- port News and E. E. Secchrist of San- tiago has joined the Navy. ___, eee ; Bachelor Birds During the last half of May and all of June, 1915, there was a bird that flew from one part of the village to another all the time uttering a loud cry of “Here, Here,’ until even those who ordinarily do not notice the birds had to take note, and began to make inquiries as to what the bird was. It was so shy that it was difficult to get a good view of it, as it would five its call of ‘““Here, Here” and go to another tree. I finally made out that it was a male Baltimore Oriole, Icterus Gal- bula, and without a mate. During July he began to acquire the plumage of the adult male and either because silent or more probably learned the usual oriole song. This was in North Loup, Nebraska. This year during the same months I made a similar obser- vation of another bachelor oriole here in Milton Junction, Wis. The song was more nearly normal yet was peculiar enough to enable one to fol- low the wanderings of the bird about the village. I suspect there would be chance for similar observations if there was some peculiarity to enable one to identify individual birds. In June, 1898, I tooka set of three of the Orchard Oriole, Icterus spurius, in southern Dane Co., Wis., where the male parent was in- the immature plumage. I have the male and the set of eggs in my collection at present. Dr. G. M. Burchick, Milton Jct., Wis. Alaska Eggs P. B. Peabody, Blue Rapids, Kansas I have. been absorbingly interested in the data furnished by Editor Barnes for the greatly-rare eggs recently re- ceived from the Point Hope Region. I am wondering, much, whether the collector made a mistake in sending in his notes; and so made the Pallas Murre nest on the sea-beach. This is contrary to all experience. Won’t Mr. Barnes please investigate? (These eggs were laid on a shelf of rock fac- ing the Arctic ocean.—Hditor.) Mr. Barnes has also cited the un- usual size of sundry Murre eggs, “giant” eggs. The dimensions of these are given as 2.25 by 3.37. Now, I have, of late years, become more than interested in the dimen- sions, and other variant details, of birds’ eggs. Among the thousands of measurements taken, or reviewed, dur- ing the past ten years, were those of a series of Pallas Murre eggs. I find that one or two, at least, exceed the dimensions given by Mr. Barnes, the maxima being 2.26 by 3.48. This il- lustrates the great value of collabor- ation, in bird study. We cannot pos- sibly have enough of this; and the writer humbly bespeaks more of this sort of work, in connection with our favored Oologist, which some of us have found indispensible for our house keeping, these twenty-five years, and more! I read, with great surprise, the story of the ‘set of Nine, Barred Owl,” recently cited, at some length, in the pages of the Oologist. To my mind, there’ is not the shadow of a doubt that the eggs in question are, as believed, those of the Hooded Mer- ganser. I have personally taken two 28 THD OOLOGIST sets; one of these involving two eggs of the previous year. I flatter myself that I could not possibly be mistaken in Merganser eggs, that nobody that — had ever blown them could be mis- taken. Their hardness, thickness, gloss and roundness, all are diagnos- _ tic.” I am wondering why the collect- or in question did not send an egg to Mr. Barnes, for identification. Pe ial ae aes Rai al MA BAYNARD Oscar HE. Baynard, than whom no cone is better loved by the readers of The Oologist, has located at Plant City, Fla., where he is now engaged in buying Florida fruits and vege- tables. We wish Baynard success in anything that he undertakes and it is a sorrowful duty to extend to him our sympathy on the recent loss of his mother. 8-9 ——_ First Minnesota Yellow Rail Eggs On June 10, 1917, I collected the first authentic set of yellow rail that has ever been reported from Minne- sota. Previously I had sent a record of the presence of the yellow rail in this locality, to the U. S.: Biological Sur- vey and had some _ correspondence with Dr. Thos. Roberts of the Univer- sity of Minnesota, in regard to this report but not until last season was I able to definitely locate the nest of this rather elusive member of the rail family. The nest was found in a Swamp just west of this village and was rather loosely constructed affair of marsh grass placed in a tuft of grass with some attempt at concealment and in about 8 inches of water. The nest was only a few inches above the surface of the water and was somewhat damp although the bird was flushed from the nest and the eggs appeared warm and dry. The measurements do not vary one hundredth of an inch in the entire clutch of 8 and are 1.10 by .80. They are yellowish buff with most of the spots arranged in the form of a wreath around the larger end although one of them has the wreath around the small end. I have the word of Dr. Roberts, that this is the first report of the breeding | of this bird within the limits of our state and trust that this report will be of sufficient interest to readers of ~The Oologist, to warrant its publica- tion. A. S. Peters, -~ Lake Wilson, Minn. sh GIS tae Notes from Grosse Point, Lake St. Clair. Wayne and Macomb Counties, Michigan October 29, 1917, Cold rain. 17 Swans on the bay opposite the vil- lage, also three flocks of Canvas Back Ducks aggregating about five hundred ducks in all. October 31, Golden-crowned King- lets about village grounds, all day, one flies against window of my oifice and when revived is released. November Ist. Cool, with snow and ice. Saw 2 Meadow-larks, Bald Hagle and Rough-leg Hawk. November 4th. Fine weather, warm and bright. Meadow-larks, Tufted Titmouse, Purple Finches, Pine Sis- — kin and Juncos about the village. Gerard Alan Abbott, Grosse Pointe Shores. caf WAS BD Se eee LU mee A Very Rare Winter Visitant (Nyctea Nyctea) On December 14, 1917, a party named Mose Leavitt, brought to me to have mounted, a fine specimen of a female Snowy Owl which he killed near this city and on January 4, 1918, another party brought to me another one which he had killed. The Snowy Owl is a native of the far north and THE OOLOGIST 29 rarely migrating this far south, these are the only two records I have of any in this locality for 12 years, when one was killed here that winter. O. S. Biggs, San Jose, Ill. _._ — ae Because He Advertised in The Oologist This has been an unusually good season for taxidermists, all those of my acquaintance reporting plenty of work, and I belive this is not due to an abundance of game but the con- dition of the country. When the country is prosperous it helps the taxidermist as well as everyone else. Preserving of wings of game birds for hat trimmings has been in much demand this year. Of the wings I have received the largest number were ducks, and Mallards were favored, also there were breasts of geese, pheasants, etc., as well as tails of the latter, and all because fashion dictates it. Any other season would only bring about a dozen pair, but when they are “in style” it makes a- big difference. M. J. Hoffman, 1818 Bleecker St., Brooklyn, N. Y. eee Ducks and Other Water Birds of Lake Worth, Texas We had plenty ducks on the lake from October to the last of November, We will have a few more, but the most of them are on the coast by now, as I have reports from there. They say the coast is full. Many ducks were observed and notes taken during the last two months. The flight of ducks was not as good this fall as last year, except one kind of ducks. They were the Wood ducks. I saw as many as fifty in a bunch and many small bunches. I have been close enough to them in the brush to hit them with a fishing pole. I had them to fly down on me and nearly light in the boat. They were very tame and I did not have any trouble getting close to them. There was one certain pair of Wood ducks that spent the summer and to Novem- ber here on a small creek which run into Lake Worth. I think they would have been there yet if the hunters had not shot at them so much. I think but cannot be sure, that they raised here. Several times I have observed birds in the creek which ap- peared to be young ones. I have watched the old ones very closely but have never noticed them fly from a tree. They feed along the banks on Pin Oak acorns. I have observed them feeding and they kept squawk-— ing at each other as if to be talking. Another duck that was plentiful this season was the Ruddy duck. They gave the hunters plenty shooting and sport. I have shot into a bunch of fifteen, and the whole bunch would dive instead of flying, then they would appear one at a time in all directions before I would have time to shoot, they would all be under again. They are quick and long winded. I have wounded them and then it took sev- eral shots to get them, and then dive for 200 feet or more. When they come up all you can see is just a little of the back and head, then un- der they go again. A good many mal- lards showed up but as they light and feed in thick over-flowed timber they were very difficult to get. The Shov- elltr ducks were here, but it was sur- prising to see so many females and hardly any males. Pintails were scarce, not very many observed. A few Hooded Mergansers were _ ob- served. The Gadwalls were plentiful and were here from October to No- vember. Widgeons were as plentiful as ever. Green Wing Teals were scarce. But plenty Blue Wings showed up early. . 30 THE OOLOGIST There was plenty Red Heads but not many Canvas backs. American Scaup ducks came through in large num- bers. I observed one bunch of mixed ducks in the open water which I esti- mated as five hundred. This is the largest bunch that I saw this season. Not very many geese showed up, a few bunches and singles were ob- served on the lake. A few white peli- cans stopped over for a short rest. Several Loons were seen. Quite a few Pied-billed Grebes and a few bunches of Sand Hill Crane were ob- served in flight. Great Blue Herons have been plentiful all season. Coots are more than plentiful. A few singles of American Bittern and Green Her- ons were seen all during the season. Black Crowned Night Herons came in early and plenty of them. Snipes of several kinds were noticed while duck hunting, also Sandpiper’s, and a few Knots. Kildeers were plentiful. I hope this finds all of the bird lov- ers well, and that they have had the chance as I have to be among the birds during migration times. Raymond Graham, — Ft. Worth, Texas. AES See ee SIR ae ee Birds Observed During Two Hours at the Susquehanna River on the Afternoon of December 15th. The distance covered on this trip was not more than one mile and a half. I walked about three-fourths of a mile up the river and then return- ed the same way. The following birds were seen. AMERICAN MERGANSER. The greater part of the river was covered with ice, but there were also numer- ous patches of open water. Wild ducks were seen in almost all of them, but the American Merganser is the only kind that I identified. I happened to be standing by a patch of open water that was along the bank of the river. A flock of seven mergansers came swimming down the river with the current until they were within 20 feet of me. I had a fine opportunity to observe them. Most of them were males. LARGE HAWK, which I believe was an Osprey. While the mergan- sers were in front of me, I glanced up into the air and saw the bird flying up the river. I had only a few sec- onds look at it. DOWNY WOODPECKER. They were common. Their sharp ‘“peenk” or a series of the same note would be heard every few minutes. FLICKER. I only saw one, which was flying through the woods. AMERICAN CROW. Very common everywhere. SLATH-COLORED JUNCO. er common. SONG SPARROW. Very common everywhere. Almost every time ! took a step, lots of them would fly up in front of me, and there was scarce- ly a moment when their “chip” was not heard. CARDINAL. They were common throughout the woods along the river. TOWHEE. I saw one male bird in the woods along the river. I believe this is a very unusual record as Chap- Rath- _ man’s “Handbook of the Birds of Hast- ern North America” says the last rec- ord for Towhee at Washington, D. C. is October 21st, and there is also oc- — casionally winters. The weather here has been exceptionally cold for De- cember, and there was a snow storm which has been the worst for many years. The snow on December 15th was about one foot deep in most places. TUFTED TITMOUSE. Common. BLACK-CAPPED CHICKADEE. Very common. There was scarcely a moment when their notes, usually a “dee, dee, dee” or “ chicw-.-dee-dee- THE OOLOGIST 31 ”” dee” were not heard. heard a “phe-be,” another note of the chickadee. CALIFORNIA WREN. Common. They often flew out of the underbrush as I walked along, and they were -sometimes seen hopping along rails. HERMIT THRUSH. the woods along the river. AMERICAN ROBIN. I saw a fe- male in the woods along the river. Later on I saw another, which I be- lieve was a different one as its breast appeared to be brighter. Arthur Farquhar, Work, 2a. ee Dates of the Arrival of Birds In and About Red Lake Falls, Minn., as Seen by L. E. Healy, in 1917. June 6. Arkansas Kingbird. Mar. 30. Blue Bird, mostly trans. Apr. 8. Brown Creeper, Trans. April 23. Black Bird, Red-winged. Apr. 24. Bronzed Grackle. May 6. Bank Swallow. May 20. Black and White Warbler, trans. | May 18. Bittern, (American). May 21. Bay Breasted Warbler, trans. > Mar. 20. Crow. April 29. Cormorant, trans. May 10. Cowbird. May 17. Catbird. May 18. Chebec. May 20. OChestnut-sided Warbler, trans. June 8. Cedar Waxwing. May 19. Eve Swallow (Cliff). Apr. 11. Flicker. Apr. 21. Fox Sparrow, trans. Feb. 25. Grosbeak (Pine), trans. Mar. 21. Grosbeak, Evening, trans. May 14. Grasshopper Sparrow. May 14. ‘Grosbeak (Rose-breasted) May 23. Goldfinch. ‘ Mar. 31. Hawks, two pair flying. Apr. 6. Sparrow Hawk. But once ! I saw one in Apr. 5. Marsh Hawk. Apr. 13. Cooper Hawk. Mar 21. Prairie Horned Lark. Apr. 1. Junco Slate-colored, trans. Apr. 4. Kildeer. Apr. 16. Kingfisher. May 16. Kingbird. Apr. 29 “Loon Apr. 4. Meadowlark. Apr. 22. Myrtle Warbler, trans. Apr. 30. Morning Dove. May 17. Purple Martin. May 27. Night Hawk. May 14. Oriole (Baltimore). May 20. Oven Bird, trans. April 21. Purple Finch, trans. May 13. Chimney Swift. Apr. 4. Robin. Apr. 24. Ruby Crowned Kinglet, trans. May 22. Red Start, trans. Mar. 21. Shrike, Great Northern. Apr. 4. Phoebe. Apr. 7. Song-Sparrow. Apr. 8. Chipping Sparrow. Apr. 24. Sap Sucker (Yellow Billed. Apr. 29. Lincoln Sparrow (?). May 11. Lark Sparrow. May 8. Shrike, (Logger-headed. May 10. Sand piper (Spotted). June 3. Scarlet Tanager. May 20. Towhee. May 17. Upland Plover. May 11. Vesper Sparrow. Apr. 22. White Throated Sparrow. May 14. Wren (House). May 18. Warbling Vireo. May 20. Wilson Thrush. May 8. Yellow Legs (Greater). May 15. Yellow Summer Bird. das MORE AL REN id eek Cedar Sawdust for Lining Trays Having tried pink cotton, ground cork and nearly every other recom- mended material for lining egg trays, and still being dissatisfied, I finally found what I belieye to be an ideal 32 THH OOLOGIST material for the purpose I refer to, fine red cedar sawdust. This material having a dark red color, lends the proper background for the specimens, it presents a neat and perfectly uniform color scheme throughout, it is a natural moth repel- lant yet has a pleasant odor, it does not harbor insects of any kind and for this reason does not break down into powder like ordinary sawdust, it does not stain the specimens in any way, and finally it is but the work of a minute to arrange or rearrange the specimens in small depressions made with the finger tips. With ordinary cotton sheeting these depressions must be made by piercing and opening the material slightly. Frequently the egg is covered to more than half its diameter with the fibres, thus hiding the markings. If the eggs are allowed to touch in one large cen- tral depression, they partially hide each other and if small, are made dif- ficult to pick up. Cotton also harbors dermestes, the minute insects which attack the inner lining of the shell. Ordinary sawdust also harbors these and other insects and in addition lacks the rich red color of the cedar. Cork lacks color and is a bit expensive and hard to get. In using cedar sawdust, the tray or drawer should be filled partially and after raking off level with a card, tap it to settle the material. Then, giving the point of the finger a rotary motion, make the depression to accommodate the number and size of eggs in the set. The eggs should be arranged in a circle with points toward each other and well separated to facilitate remov- al when desired. The specimens will “stay put,” and jarring of the tray or drawer does not tend to eliminate the depressions if the precautions suggest- ed above are taken. The sawdust ‘lightning. should be sifted, using the fine for small and the coarse for large eggs. A. F. Ganier, Nashville, Tenn. hn eS a Flying Mallards Killed by Lightning. It may be of interest to readers of the Oologist to report that on October 29th during a severe electrical storm in Lonoke County, Arkansas, a flock of Mallards were killed while in flight by The flash is said to have been so brilliant as to make the whole heavens seem ablaze with fire. The ducks fell near the hcme of Mr. W. K. Oldham, an ex-senator of the state, liv- ing at Pettus. Most of the ducks were in condition to eat, but a few were so shocked that they came to the ground minus heads and feet, and some were badly burned. H. EH. Wheeler. Conway, Ark. _—_—_—_——_owi AT REST Lyman Belding, the oldest orni- thologist in the United States and an honorary member of the Smithsonian Institution, died at Stockton, Califor- nia, November 23, 1917. Mr. Belding was one of the best known bird men in the United States, several speci- mens of birds have been named after him, and in his lifetime he set the songs of some of the feathered friends ~ to music. He published many scien- tific papers in his lifetime. — In the Lead H. A. Edwards of Claremont, Calif., is entitled to the credit sent the larg- est numbers of personal subscriptions to friends entitling them to the Oolo- gist for the year 1918, and for this generosity the Oologist extends to him its appreciation. THE OOLOGIST V MAGAZINES WANTED I want the following back numbers of magazines named, for which I will pay the highest market price. In any case where any number of a magazine is listed as wanted, if I cannot get the special numbers desired, I am willing to purchase either the entire volume or the entire file complete This is an unusual opportunity which those having old magazines named in the following list to dispose of the same at unusual prices. Please check up what you have on hand and write me. R. M. BARNES. Agassiz Bulletin, W. A. Crooks, Pub- lisher, Gilman, IIl., 1890. Vol. I, Nos. 2-3-5-6. Agassiz Companion, W. H. Plank, 1886, etc., Wyandotte, Ks. Vol. I, all but No. 2; Vol. II, ail but Nos. 3-5-6; Vol. III, all but Nos. 1-10-11-12. Agassiz Record, Frank E. Wetherell, Oskaloosa, Ia., 1888. All except Vol. I, No. 4. American Magazine of Natural Hist- tory, F. R. Stearns & Co., Sac City, Ia., Des Moines, Ia., 1892-3. Wereteall; Vol. Il, all but No. 4. American Magazine of § Natural Science, Fred R. Stearns & Co., Sac City, Ia., 1892-3. Vol. I, all ex. Nos. 1-2; Vol. II, all ex. Nos. 1-2-3-11-12. Amateur Naturalist, Chas. Ashland, Me., 1893-6 Vols. I-II-III, and all except No. 4 ar oVol. III. American Ornithologists Exchange, C. A. Morris, Pawpaw, IIl., 1891. All after Vol. I, No. 1. American Osprey, Paul B. Haskell, Ashland, Ky., 1890. Vol. I, Nos. 1-2-4-5. Bear Hill Adviser, Frank BH. Parks, Stoneham, Mass., 1903. All published except No. 4, Vol. I. D. Pandell, Buckeye State Collector, E. J. Smith, F. R. Rome, Portsmouth, O., 1888. All published after Vol. I,, No. 6. Bulletin Oologists Association, Isa- dore S. Trostler, Omaha, Neb., 1897. All published except No. 1. California Art & Nature, Art & Nat- ture Co., San Diego, Cal., 1901. Vol. I, Nos. 5-6-7-10-11 California Traveller & Scientist Tra- veler & Naturalist Co., San Jose, Calif., 1891-2. Vol. I, all except No. 5; Vol. II, all except No. 3 and all other num- bers issued. The Collector, The Collector Co., West Chester, Pa., 1901. Vol. I and all Vol. Il except Nos. 1-2-3. The Collector, Chas. & Jos. Keys, Des Moines, Ia., 1882. All of Vol. II except Nos. 6-7-8. Collector’s Journal, Frank Hammond, Lindquist & lLaurtzen, Chicago, IIl., 1909-10 all published. Coilector’s Monthly, Frank Hammond, Fayetteville, Ia., 1901. All except No. 2 of Vol. I. Collector’s Star, Star Publishing Co., Pawnee City, Neb. 1888. All except, No. 2 of Vol. I. The Curio Collector, Corrine B. Wol- verton, Osage, Ia., 1912. All published ex. Vol. III, No. 1. The Curio Exchange, Frank Gingerich, New Kamilche, Wash., 1900-1. All ex. I, No. 2-6; Vol. II No. 1. Empire State Exchange, U. R. Per- rine, Water Valley, N. Y., 1889. All of Vol. I except Nos. 1-5-10. The Exchange, Bunker & Park, Men- dota, Ill., 1889. All ex. Vol. I Nos. 2-3. The Exchange, C. R. Burr, Mich., 1885. All ex. Vol. I Nos. 1-2-4-5-11. Exchange & Collector, Union Ex- change Agency, Canajohane, N. Y., Adrian, VI : THE OOLOGIST at THE CONDOR A Magazine of Western ae Ornithology Published Bi-monthly by the Cooper Ornithological Club of California Edited by J. Grinnell and Harry S. Swarth ‘The Condor’’ is strictly scientific but edited in such a way that a be- — ginner of ‘‘Bird Study’’ can easily un- derstand it. The articles in ‘‘The Condor’’ are written by the leading Ornithologists of the United States and are illustrated by the highest quality of half tones. Our subscription rates are $1.50 per year in the United States and $1.75 in a Foreign coun- try. Sample Copy 30c. Address W. LEE CHAMBERS, Bus. Manager, Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, Cal. REA D *Blue-Bird’’ Pubilshed in co-operation with the Cleveland Bird-Lovers’ Association, and devoted to Bird Study and Conservation $1.00 a Year 10 Cents a Copy AGENTS WANTED ~ Address EDITOR BLUE-BIRD, Dept. R. 1010 Euclid Ave. CLEVELAND, OHIO 19 is THE OOLOGIST During the year 1918 Tue Ootoaisr will be better than it has ever been and it is now the only medium for the exchange of specimens and interchange of observations between the Oolgists in North America. If you are interested in their birds, their nests or eggs, or engaged in making a collection of any or either of these, or in any manner connected with any public Institution, Museum or College, you should subscribe, and subscribe at once. Rates 50c per annum, which includes one free advertisement. Address Tuer Oo.oaist, Lacon, I[\linois. /) \* ~ THE OOLOGIST. BIRDS--NESTS--EGGS TAXIDERMY VoL. XXXV. No. 3. ALBION, N. Y., Marcu 1, 1918. WHOLE No. 3868 BRIEF SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENTS Wanted, Exchange, For Sale, Etc., inserted in this department at 25 eents for each 25 words for one issue; each additional word 1 cent. serted for less than 25 cents. No notice in- TAKE NOTICE. SUBSCRIPTION, 50 CENTS PER YEAR Examine the number on the wrapper of your Oologist. It denotes the time your subscription expires. Remember we must be notified if you wish it discontinued and all arrearages must be paid. 368 your sub- scription expires with this issue. 355 your eperipeon expired with December issue 1917. Other expirations can be compu ted by intermediate numbers at the rate of one number per month. Entered as second-class matter De- cember 21, 1903, at the post offiee at Albion, N. Y., under the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879. In answering advertisements in these columns mention “The Oologist,” and thereby help us, as well as the ad- vertiser and yourself. We will not advertise the skins, nests, These columns are for the use of those desiring North American Birds for sale. eggs, or mounted specimens of to make bona fide exchanges of such Specimens for scientific collecting purpo- ses only.—EDITOR. BIRDS WANTED—A pair of living Sand Hill Cranes A. O. U. No. 306, taken north of the center of the U. S. If the birds are only slightly wingtipped this will not . For them I will pay a good R. M. Barnes, Lacon, Ill. FOR EXCHANGE—lIhavea beautiful, well- mounted, perfectly plumaged specimen each of Black Rosy Finch and Goshawk, which I willexchange for good set ofeggs. GERARD ALAN ABBOTT, Grosse Pointe Shores. Michigan. FOR EXCHANGE-—A. No.1 skins of ducks, geese and swan and other birds from this section offered for sets of eggs, or some west coast duck skins. Send full list; desire many common sets. Also have fine list of dupli- cate onithological book for sale. HAROLD H. BAILEY, 319-54th St.. Newport News, Va. PERCHES—I have about 150 sets of turned perches for birds, to suit birds from the size of a warbler to the largest hawks and owls. Will sell the lot reasonable or trade. Also have a number of rustic stands with natural limbs, cork bark stumpS. etc. M.J. HOFF- MAN, Taxidermists, 1818 Bleecker, St., Brooklyn, N. Y. PASSENGER PIGEONS: Have one mounted bird in fair condition to ex- change for best offer in rare sets. RICHARD C. HARLOW, State College, ~ Pennsylvania. The following skins with measurements and full data to exchange for good full sets— Crow, 1 male; Roadrunner, 1 female; Coot, 1 female, Hermit Thrush, 1 male, 1 female; Scissortail Flycatcher, 1 male; Grey-tailed Cardinal 1 male, 1 female; White-crowned Sparrow, 1 male,1 female; Vesper Sparrow, 2 males; Western Lark Sparrow, 2 males; Myrtle Warbler, 1 male, 1 female; 1 Chipping Sparrow, 1 female, Field Sparrow, 1 male, Bell Vireo, 1 male. ELTON PERRY, 610 Bay- lor St., Austin Texas. MOUNTED BIRDS—A number of North American Tropical and a few European birds to offer for desirable skins and mounted Specimens or cash. All are neatly mounted and on attractive stands; will ship without stands if desired. Send lists and get mine. M.J. HOFFMAN, Taxidermist, 1818 Bleecker St., Brooklyn, N. Y. FOR EXCHANGE—A large list of Al North American species of skins for specimens needed in my collection. C. W. CHAMBER- LAIN, 36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass. fl THE OOLOGIST BIRD S—Continued I have a beautifully plumaged and perfect- ly mounted Surf Bird which I will exchange for sets of Shore Birds or Warblers nest and eges. G. A. ABBOTT, Grosse Pointe Shores. Michigan. FOR EXCHANGE: Mounted Golden Eagle, Barn Owl, :Europe), Horned Owls, Goshawk, Taxidermy the best, Want small skins or stereopticon. H. F. HARVEY, 3 He wthorne St., Worcester, Mass. FOR EXCHANGE—Collection of thirteen hundred and fifty North American birds. Four hundred and twenty two species and sub-sSpecies are represented in the collection. PHILIP LAURENT, 31 E. Mt. Airy Avenue. Philadelphia, Pa. Would like to exchange a number of com- mon bird skins such as Red Headed Wood- pecker, Flicker, Blue Jay, Clarke Nut Crack- er. Indigo Bunting, Cat Bird, Meadow Lark, Yellow Billed Cuckoo, Broad Wing Hawk, Yellow Head Blackbird, Loggerhead Shrike, and many others for Bob-White, Scaled Part- ridge, Pheasant, Great Horned Owl, All skins in perfect shape and with data. KARL SCHWARZ, Taxidermist,368 W. So. Temple, Opposite O. 8S. L. Depot, Salt Lake City. Utah. EGGS. In sending in your exchange notices for nests, skins and eggs, we would ap- preciate it if you would afrange the numerals im your exehange notice in their numerical order, and not tumble them together hit and miss, as some of our readers are complaining, and we think justly so. FOR EXCHANGE — European and Asiatic sets in exchange for No. Ameri- can species. C. CHAMBERLAIN, 36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass. WANTED—Entire collections of eggs, also eggs of Rare North American Birds. R. M. BARNES, Lacon, I1l. SPECIAL OF FER—Send for sample of my data with your name printed on them, 500 for $1.00 postpaid. EDW. 8S. COOMBS, 243 Kranklin St., Boston, Mass. RED CEDAR SAW - DUST—Can supply this ideal tray lining material, clean and sifted, in sacks of half bushelor more. Will exchange for first-class sets and skins de- sired, on a basis of 60 cents per peck. A. F. GANIER. 1221-17th Ave., S., Nashville, Tenn. FOR BXCHANGE—Sets of 30 1-1, 201 1-5, 191 5-4, 202 10-3, 6-4, 263 1-3, 383 1-3 3-4, 335 1-4, 339 5-2, 488 2-3 4-4 3-5, 498 1-3, 540 1-4, 563 1-4, 581 1-4, 584 5-3 1-4, 593 1-2 3-3, 598 1-3, 624 1-3 2-4, 705 3-4, 725 1-5. Ostrich and Hmen, one egg each. Full data. RICHARD FEF. MILLER, 2069 East Tioga St., Phila- delphia, Penn. FOR EXCHANGE —The followiny well pre- ared sets 316 2-2, 321 1-2, 443 1-5 1-4, 47la 1-4 1-3 -2, 474c 1-3, 498 3-5 5-4 43, 506 4-4, 513a 3-44-3, 552a 3-4, 593c 1-4 5-3, 612a 6-5 64, 633 3-4, 638 1-4, 7038a 3-4, 719c 3-7 5-6 3-5, 732a 1-6 1-5, 761 1-4. Texas Chickadee 1-4 $1.00 per egg. Sereech Owl or $1.00 per egg. one egg cracked. Howell Nighthawk 6-2 or $1.00 peregg. Select your wants and send list. ELTON PERRY, 610 Baylor St., Austin, Texas. kK. L. Skinner, Brooklands Hstate Office, Waybridge, England, desires correspondence and exchange with reliable collectors. See list of wants and offers in ““Oologist’”’ for January. FOR EXCHANGE—Compound Micro- scope, Spectroscope, Printing, Eggs in Sets. WANT EHggs, Skins, Natural History Books. Correspondence invited. ERNEST 4A. SHORT, Rochester, N. Y. Box 173. WANTED—To exchange sets with reliable collectors. Will be glad to send list on re- ceipt of yours. G. BERTRAM REGAR, 1000 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. KOR EXCHANGE — 4562, 4982, 1-3, : 597 2-3, 61384, 6144, 652 n-4, 4, 681 1- 5 1-4 n- fe 7042" 7052, 735 1- 6, 7562. 3-3, 7558, 761 2-4, 2-3. EDW.S: COOMBS, 243 Franklin St., Boston. Mass. EXCHANGE NOTICE-—I desire to get in touch with all active field collectors with a view to exchanging A 1 sets. H. W. CAR- RIGER, 5185 Trask Street, Oakland, Calif. I have pos of the following to dispose of: A. O.U.1. 31a, 44, 47, 184, 191. 197, 210, 212, 226, 289, 289b, 395, 396, 331, 333° 335, 337a, 339, 360, 360a, 365. 373, 385, 390, 394¢, 409, 517, 674, 681, 684, 730, 736a. many others. RAMON GRAHAM, 401 W. Leuda St., Ft. Worth Texas. FOR SALE—A large number of Ornitho- logical and other Zoological excerpts. single numbers and complete volumes of Agricul- tural magazines, Ornithologist and Oologist, Nidologist, Condor. etc. Sets for exchange 13, 27, 1380, 274, 347a, 528, 554, 529, 697, 757 and many others; photographs etc., for Ornitho- logical publications. J. D. SORNBORGER, Rowley, Mass. Will be glad to hear from reliable col- lectors and to receive their lists. Have good list to offer including some rar¢ Species. RICHARD C. HARLOW, State College, Pa. WANTED—To correspond with collector § having perfect sets of Murrelets, Aunklets- Tropic birds, Mex. Jacana, Limpkin, Turn- stone, Bartram’s Piper and No. Phalerope. Can offer Loons, Albatross’s, Hawks, Owls and Mourning and Cerulean Warblers, etc. fey otis were: HAROLD MEYERS, Medina fHFOREXCHANGE: For best offers. Birds of Michigan (Cook 93) Birds of K. A. Chap- man, ’01. 80 Oologist 200 first-class skins, drills, scalpel, etc. WM. WILKOWSKI, Kalamazoo, Mich. Care Gen. Delvy. WANTED—Sets of 113.1, 249, 252, 260, 298, 332, 344, 393c, 399, 463, 521, 573, 588, 685, ete. J. H. BOWLES, The Wood- stock, Tacoma, Wash. WANTED—Lists of choice sets from reliable collections. I can offer Sand- hill Crane, Swallow-tail Kite, Bald and Golden Eagle, Duck Hawk, Snowy Owl and many others. All answered. A. EH. PRICE, Grant Park, 111. WANTED-—Singles or broken sets in quan- tities, or small TOES also books on Taxidermy, curios, etc. J. EH . HARRIS, 259 Maple St., Dayton, Ohio. THE OOLOGIST III EGGS— Continued FOR EXCHANGE—Following Alsets. with data—15, 2-1, 105 1-1, 105 1-2-1, 337b 2-3, 486 1-4, 375d 1-2. 617 1-5, 685b 1-3, and others, for sets needed in my collection. C. BADGER, Santa Paula, Calif. WANTED—One good set of the Gray Sea Eagle. Can offer 21-4, 7 1-2, 230 1-4, 337b 1-2, 360 1-2, 365 1-5, 417 1-2 and others. ERNEST 'S. NORMS N, Kalevala, Manitoba. K. L. Skinner, Brooklands Estate Office, Weybridge, England, desires correspondence and exchange with reliable collectors. Only the very best sets will be accepted or offered. Present requirements includes series of 261, 263, 273, 337, 339, 364, 387, 388, 501, 498, 534a, 535, 537. 538, 539. 540. 541. 543. 544. 546. 552, 5524, 560, 561, 563. 575, 585, 603, 605, 619, 624, 749, 754, 757, 758. 759b, 761, 763, etc. Sets offered 999, 271, 274, 473. 493, 269; fine series British Buntings, Finches, Thrushes, Tits, Warblers, etc. Also fine sets from Lab. rador of 559, 554. 515, 274 etc. and rare and in- Africa. sets from India, Australia and rica _———— ~~ If you want to increase your collec- tion of birds eggs or to dispose of the same advertise in THE OOLOGIST. It will produce results as it reaches al- most every person in North America who is a collector of Oological speci- mens and a great many who are not but who wish thy were. We give one free ad. with every subscription. MISCELLANZOUS. W ANTED—A few well-made skins of Ring- necked Pheasant. GEO. F. GUELF, Brock- PROTEIN Y) POLYPHEMUS COCOONS for sale at 2c each, or exchange for insects or cocoons par- ticularly west, south or foreign. N SCIENTIFIC MUSE UM, Grand Rapids, Mich Any one haying a good Steropticon Lantern for exchange, please communicate with ARTHTR W.BROCKWAY, Hadlyme. Conn. W ANTED—Colored bird slides. Also first class lantern for cash or exchange for bird or mammal skins. ALBERT LANO, Fayetteville, Ark. FOR SALE—Two handsome Virginia Red Cedar cabinets suitable for eggs or skins. Also one smaller Walnut Cabi- net, cheap. WHARTON HUBER, Gwy- nedd Valley, Pa. WANTED—To exchange lepidoptera with collectors in every part of the world. Send your list of offers. Please mere: THEODORE R. GREER, Aledo, inois. FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE:—No. 3 Bulls eye Eastman Kodak, new and in good condi- tion. Ask $5.00, cost $9.00. Send offers of ex- change. JOHNSON NEFF, Marionville, Mo. PERSONAL—Would like to become ac- quainted with active Oologist in New York: City, Westchester Co.,or nearby, with view to expeditions next spring. L. C. S. please write. RAYMOND FULLER, White Plains, peeve tee HD), No. 1. FOR SALE—Stevens collecting gun with shells. loading tools, etc. Price $80.00 W.N. PECK, 19 Elm PI., Quincy, Mass. TO EXCHANGE -— One 24x 34 Eastman Kodak. One 34x44 Seneca Camera. One Edison Phonograph with 200 records. One Slide Trombone, silver-plated. «AS WEEE 69 W. Chippewa St., Buffalo, WANTED—382x44 double extension hand camera with Dagor lens in Compound or Op- timo shutter I can offer 5x7, {45 Crown anastigmat in Ilex Acme shutter. A. D. Du Bois, Dutton, Montana. WANTED —-Bird magazines in good condi tion. State what you hive and the price Also want some Promethea Cocoons. H. E . MUNROE, Clinton, Ont. Can. I hs.ve 50 lantern slides of ornithological subjects, all from life. many beautifully colored which I will exchange for sets of eggs. G. A ABBOTT, Grosse Pointe Shores, Mich. Will exchange Brownie No. 3 folding Camera for Al sets with data. Cost $10.00, exchange price $25.00. Send full list asI want many common sets. O. E. BEEKMAN, Wasco. Calif.. Kern Co. EXCHANGE — Modern Indian relics in- cluding three (3) fine eagle feather war bon- nets. Will exchangef or good sets of eggs. Can use some fairly common varieties. All answered. ROBERT F. BACKUS, Canon City, Colo. Spring Is Here Get in the Field Send us an account of what you see and learn Send Us New Subscribers Increase Your Collection THE OOLOGIST IV THE OOLOGIST BOOKS. Desirable bird books for sale or exchange for other books on birds or insects. Sets of Condor, Ridgeway, etc. L. R. REYNOLDS, 2971 Pacific Ave., San Francisco, Calif. WANTED — Osprey, Vol. IV No. 3 and index: New Series, Vol. I No. 4, 5, 7. FOR EXCHANGE or Sale Cheap. Some early volumes and single copies of Oologist, many Nos, of Bird Lore, Museum, a few copies of Osprey. JOHN WILLIAMS, Iowa City, Iowa. R. 9. EXCHANGE— —Large number of Oologists and other bird magazines. A few sets nicely prepared of common land birds. Part VII “Birds of North and Middle America” for other parts of same work. Want many issues of Oologist, Osprey etc., for cash or . exchange. Also~ “Birds of Washington, D.C. and vicinity by Mrs. W. Maynard. RALPH W. JACKSON, Cambridge, gue Maryland. FOR SALE_ Auks 4 Vol. 1894 to 97. Vols. 11-12-13-14 for cash. R. HE. CASE, Avon, Conn. FOR SALE—Back numbers complete last four years of Auk, Ooologist, Bird Lore, also complete set of The Warbler. Offers requested. H. MOUSLEY, Hat- ley, Quebec. WANTED FOR CASH—The Condor Vols 1-9incl., Bird Lore Vols. 1and 2 incl., Nos. 1 and 2 of Vol. 3; No. lof Vol. 7; The Oologist of Utica, N. Y. Vols 1-5 ine. and its continuation. The Ornithologist and Oologist Vols. 6-8 incl. : F. BOLT, 1431 Prospect Ave., Kansas City, O. W ANT— For cash or exchange, many issues of Oologist, Osprey, etc.. also Birds of Wash- ington, D. C. and vicinity, by Mrs. L. W. Maynard, RALPH W.JACKSON, R. No. 1. Cambridge, Md. SKINS WANTED IN EXCHANGE FOR OOLOGIST. Vol. 1913 Sept. missing, Vol. 1914 complete. Vol. 1915 complete. Vol. 1916 October and December missing. J.J. WIRZ 1671 Broad, Augusta, Ga. W ANTED—To correspond with any- body having back numbers of bird mag- azines for sale. DeLOACH MARTIN, Marshall, Texas. WANTEHED—Exchange or sale lists of books or magazines on birds and gen- eral natural history. B. S. BOWDISH, Demarest, N. J. Ozark Lepidoptera; Catcalauye for ex- change or sale, correspoudence wanted with insect collector in the Southeastern Gulf, and Western states. HKDMOND BROWER. ‘Wil- lard, Mo., R No. 2. W ANTED—A copy of Kirkwood’s‘ Birds of Maryland’’tin good condition. Willpaycash. H. N. HARRISON, Cambridge, Md. WANTEHED—Back numbers of many amateur bird publications. List of de- siderate sent to anyone having any- thing in this line for sale or exchange. Also have many numbers of Auk, Con- dor, Bird Lore, O. & O., Oologist, Bulli. Cooper Club, etc. to exchange. BoC. BENT, Taunton, Mass. Frank L. Burns’ Bibliography of scarce or out of print North American Amateur and Trade Publications in existence. Price 26c. R. M. BARNES, Lacon, III. FOR SALE—First four vOlumes of *‘Nidi- ologist’’—$2.50 each. Volume IX. **Condor’— $1.50. ““Oologist’’, Vols. Ito XXIV inclusive at half list price. Many other publications. A. E. SCHUTZE, Austin, Texas. Box 302. SALE OR EXCHANGE—Large engraved picture, “Battle of Gettysburg’. Edison Home Phonograph and records. Havea few Al sets to dispose of by exchange. Want sets of 332 etc., and raw furs. All answered. JAMES O. JOHNSON, North Main Street, Southington, Conn. I have for exchange the following books. &llin good condition. Fisher’s “Hawks and Owls”. Cory’s “Birds of Ills.—Wis.” Birds of Ohio, Two Vols. by W. E. D Dawson. The Warblers of North America by Chapman. Ind. Dept. of Geology and Natural Resources, 22d annual report. Feathered Game of the North East, by Walter I. Rich. “Birdcraft”’ by Mable Osgood Wright. ‘‘Birdneighbors”’ by Neltie Blanchan. ‘“Nat’] History” by San- born Tenny A. M. 500 engravings ©. Scribner, 1866. “Birds of Eastrn N. America’’ Chap- man. ‘“DecentofMan’’.Darwin. “Catalogue Canadian Birds” Jno. Jas. Macoun. “Nests and Eggs North American Birds”, Darie, 4th Ed. Will exchange for eg*s in sets. GER- ARD ALAN ABBOTT, Grosse Pointe Shores, Michigan. BUY YOUR Bird Books OF THOSE Who Advertise IN THE OOLOGIST THE OOLOGIST. . VoL. XXXV. .No. 3 ALBION, N. Y., Marcu 1, 1918. WHOLE NO. 368 Owned and Published Monthly, by R. M. Barnes, Albion, N.Y., and Lacon, Ill. errs Ottomar Reinecke, Born Nov. 26, 1840, Died Nov. 26, 1917. 32 THE OOLOGIST BIRD COLLECTING IN EASTERN COLOMBIA Paul G. Howes PART IX March 19th. Bogota. As we are back here for a weeks rest, and diver- sion, I think it fitting to give a few notes on this great old city, so far from the coast and regular lines of communication, before going on with the course of the expedition. Bogota is indeed “Manana Land’— The land of tomorrow. No one seems ' ever to be in a hurry or to have any- thing to do which might need imme- diate attention. The men walk about arm in arm, swinging their silver- tipped canes, or stand in little groups, in the main streets chatting and laugh- ing leisurely as though it were a holi- day. Here they pass hours, gazing at the fair ones who throng the balconies above the street. Horse-car drivers may be heard yelling ‘‘Permisso Senor,’ Permit me sir,’ before they can drive through these gentlemen of Colombia. Imagine a New York motorman requesting you to please get off the track! It is ridiculous, to say the least, such politeness! The stores are sadly lacking in up to date wares. Occasionally one runs across one containing a stock of im- ported hardware, clothing, jewelry or junk but these are few and far be- tween. There are plenty of smaller shops, but poor places indeed for a city of 100,000 souls. We found a rol- ler skating rink, went to the grand opera house, visited the parks, and every out of the way place in the city and spent many an evening at Bogo- ta’s ‘Maxims,’ a wild cafe on the out- skirts of the city. After a few days, we found several men who were skilled wood carvers and artists in feather pictures and designs and se- cured many interesting and beautiful specimens from them. There is not much to do. However, after the first few days and by the end of our week in “Town” all were glad to don hunt- ing clothes once more and make for the mountains in the direction of Fusugasuga. March 22nd. We left Bogota this morning at seven, taking the railway to Sibate, on the edge of the savanna, where we arrived an hour later. Here we found our Indian man, Manuel, with mules as previously arranged in Bogota. There were only three riding animals, however, and five men so Ring and I decided to make the jour- ney on foot. Chapman was taken with the fever,so we left him in Bogota, to join us later on. At first we set out at a great pace, but in an hour’s time we began to realize that we were not at home alti- tudes and had to slow down consider- ably. The scenery along this trail to Fusugasuga is very beautiful, easy on horseback but tiring on foot. At twelve o’clock we reached the pass at 10,600 feet and here we found a forest every bit as fine as that at Buena Vista. The hills were all covered by clouds today, above 8500 feet and consequent- ly it was very damp until the pass was left behind. At one place, of which more anon, we passed a fine roaring mountain river which comes down out of the mountains, pouring over huge boulders, which form foamy water- falls of great beauty. We also came across, many small streams of icy water at which we could quench our thirst unafraid of amoebas and all the troubles that they produce, once lodged in the human body. We did not stop much, being anxious to get on to our destination. Nevertheless I could not help noticing the fine oak forests drifted with pure white clouds, and the voices of countless birds en- tirely new to me. THE OOLOGIST We reached a house called the Urebe, in the town- of Fusugasuga at 2.30 p. m., tired and very footsore as we had made nearly 21 miles in six hours mostly through high altitudes. The rest of the men arrived about an hour after we did but our packs did not come until late in the evening. After a good supper, all hands turned in at once in order to be fresh for the next day’s collecting. March 23d. EHaster Sunday dawned clear and cool and all were up and out by sunrise. I followed a trail which led up to the cloud-forested hills about two miles from the town. First I took a nice vireo and a species of callestes in the light growth before the forest is reached. From here I went on, following a small stream un- til I got into the forest in a pocket in the hills. Here the going was very bad as the ground was well grown and I could not see where I was stepping without using my knife. I took no specimens here and soon came down again in the lighter growth where I secured six more good birds by eleven o’clock, and then returned with Cher- rie, whom I met on the trail. My birds included a good Ant thrush, a black and yellow Setophaga, Black- burnian warbler, callistes and a beaut- iful pair of Burremon finches. From the hill where I was shooting there is a fine view over the valley and plain, and in the far distance one can see the central range of the Andes. The collecting here is not very good and the present plan is to leave for the fine forest that we passed through yesterday, on Tuesday morn- ing. March 24th. This morning I went out by the same trail as yesterday but went much higher into the cloud for- est, 7500 feet altitude and 1500. feet above Fusugasuga. Here the collect- ing was much more interesting and 33 most of the birds were new, but I lost many in the thick undergrowth. At ten o’clock, the clouds came down through the forest so that I was en- tirely shut in. In a few minutes more it began to rain which continued for the remainder of the morning. My first bird was a fine wood wren which I found on the edge of the big forest. This species is very wary and possesses a wonderfuily full and rich song filled with ‘endless variations. Next I shot a female Solitaire in fine plumage. After this I lost several birds and it was nearly an hour before I succeeded in bringing down a fine yellow-throated Chloraspingus with my aux, from the very top of a huge Ceiba tree. Next I collected a very fine full plumaged hummer with green under parts and a very brilliant patch on the throat, bright blue, fading through many shades into coppery violet. The next specimen was a yellow and black calospiza and in this same spot I se- cured a Saltator which however proved a prize, being new to science. It has since been given the name; Saltator atripennis caniceps. My last bird I shot on the way home, a fine blue Calospiza. Reached the house at noon, very wet and spent the afternoon skinning. O’Connel took a good rat in his traps last night and this morning Furetes brought in a fine dark squirrel. Cher- rie took two more species of Callistes making nine varieties taken at Fusu- gasuga. March 25th. We left early this morning with no particular stopping place in view, except that it must be nearer to the big forest than we have been for the last few days. After rid- ing about two hours, collecting on the way, we came to a Colombian ranch- man’s home. He could not take us in but very kindly~offered us the use of in poor plumage i 34 THE OOLOGIST his workmen’s houses, and gave us permission to hunt over his entire tract of land, which reaches from the trail of the Central Andes on the far side of the plain. The houses are called ‘Aguadita’ and are the most primitive type of mud huts with dirt floors and no win- dows, the doorways serving for lighi and air. Cherrie and I are in the lower house and the other three in the upper one. We take our meals at the upper house as the food is better. Our room measures 9 by 15 feet with a door opening into the pigs pen. There is a second hole in the wall, leading from our room into the woman’s, through which we must pass to get out. The walls are of mud over bamboo, the roof of cane and the floor, just the natural ground somewhat smoothed over. We are situated close to the roaring stream mentioned before, which proves to be the Reo del Monte which is a tributary of the Suma del Paz. The forest is very heavy, typical jungle and extremely beautiful. Al- though the rainy season is almost up- on us, there are a few hours each day when collecting is fairly easy. My idea is that this locality will prove the richest of any so far visited, especial- ly in view of the fact that a short hunt this afternoon by all hands, brought in three birds new to the ex- pedition, including a fine Grallaria. Noted a large colony of Oropendulas nesting in a very tall tree by the trail. Aguadita is about five miles from Fusugasuga and the altitude is 6450 feet. March 26th. The rain continued during the night and. most of today, so the woods were very wet and difficult to hunt and the day generally dis- agreeable. I went out into the forest back of our hut but only secured two birds in an hour’s hunt. After this I followed the trail, making side trips into the more open woods when they looked profitable, taking five more specimens. I lost two good humming birds. Ring took a new Callestes and Furetes brought in a new small par- rot. March 27th. Today was much like yesterday and the forests will not be workable much longer. We were all cut four hours this morning and Ring and O’Connel went to the woods again this afternoon, but only a few birds were taken. There are plenty here, but it is almost impossible to see them as the rain makes every leaf move and also drowns out all songs and call notes. Cherrie took a fine pair of new Toucans, and I secured a new fly- catcher. Ring shot another small par- rot. Two more Grallaria and many common species made up the rest of the days bag. I found a colony of Humming birds nesting under the bridge which spans | the Reo del Monte here. The nests were large affairs of mosses and fibers attached to the bridge timbers with. growing moss. From a distance they resembled Phoebes nests. I managed to get down under the bridge by walk- ing up the boulders in the middle of the rapids. All the nests that I could examine contained two well feathered young, which the old birds were con- tinually flying to with food. This is a very remargable occur- ance, not only in view of the fact that the birds were nesting in a colony, but beeause it is a very interesting case of recent adaption to a new and convenient nesting site. This bridge is probably less than ten years old, as it is built of modern, though hand- - sawn timbers. In the states; where bridges of this type have been com- mon for a great many years it is not so remarkable when we think, for in- THE stance, of the Phoebe, who has had a great many years to form the habit. But here we are actually living in the time when the change from tree to bridge site took place. In this stream I also found a fine pair of Water Ousels but could not locate their nest. March 28th. At last. A cloudy day, but no rain. I went south about two miles from Aguadita, into forest vary- ing from light to very heavy jungle. I struck two flights of birds in the tree tops and secured a fine lot of small specimens. I secured a species of Manacus with a red waxy crest and small black feather horns on either side of the head, and later the female of the same from one of these flights. Also took two new very small ant thrushes. O’Connel shot a pair of very large goatsuckers, possibly nictrodro- mus or nyctibius. They are fine birds but puzzling to all of us. It is interest- ing to note that we have taken five species of wood huers in this locality, ‘varying from six to fifteen inches in length. March 29th. Had a very unlucky day. Went out early and returnea with one little flycatcher, having lost eight birds when they fell in the jungle. Spent the afternoon skinning for the other fellows. March 30th. This morning was clear for a change so I went high on the hill above Aguadita and secured six desirable birds from a flight. Later on, by the river, I shot a small fly- catcher (Serpophaga) which lives only in the neighborhood of roaring mount- ain streams. Its call note is special- ized to its environment, being so loud and shrill that it can easily be heard be heard above the roar of the water. Close by, I located its nest which was a hanging ball of mosses two feet: above the river, containing two whit¢ eggs. OOLOGIST 35 In the afternoon we found a nest of a species of Grallaria. It was entire- ly of growing moss and set in a niche in a boulder in the forest. The mosses were partly peeled off the rock and woven into the nest so that the en- tire affair was actually growing, and would doubtless keep its protective color until the young were _ safely hatched and matured. The two eggs were white, spotted with reddish brown and lay on a bed of scales from the fern tree. One egg was fresh and the other very slightly incubated. In the evening we secured several more of the huge goatsuckers together with a pair of Nyctopythecus mon- keys, while the traps yielded a nice "Possum and two Kinkerjews,; a small animal with fine heavy fur. Al- together it has been a very good day for all, one of the best since we land- ed in Colombia. (To be concluded) za eacee Bice Man, eli ee OTTOMAR REINECKE The Oologist never had a truer or more devoted friend than Ottomar Reinecke. We are indeed sorry that we did not learn of his death in time to have placed the facts relating there- to to the readers of the Oologist be- fore this. However the following taken from one of the local Buffalo papers is what a neighbor has said of this good man. We do not believe we could add to it. He was a gentleman, a scholar and a true friend. Ottomar Reinecke, former park commissioner and editor of the Freie Presse, died this morning at his home, No. 400 Elm Street. Death came on his 77th birthdaay. He was born at Sondershaven, Germany, November 26, 1840. At the age of 12 years, he came to America, settling: in Buffalo. He re- ceived his education in the Buffalo public schools and after leaving school 36 THE OOLOGIST worked for his father at the printing trade. He later organized the firm of Reinecke & Zesch, job printers, and became editor of the Freie Presse, of which the firm of Reinecke & Zesch were proprietors. Mr. Reinecke always took active in- terest in the affairs of the city and in 1896 was named park commissioner. He was connected with various enter- prises in addition to the printing business, being a director and stock- holder in the Hrie Fire Insurance Company, Citizens’ Gas Company, and was a member of the German Young Men’s Association, the Turn Verein, and the Buffalo Saengerbund. He was an enthusiastic naturalist and devoted practically all of his spare time tothe study of birds. He published a com- plete list of local Coleoptera which is regarded as exceedlingly valuable. He was a member of the Buffalo Society of Natural Science since its organiza- tion in 1861. In 1856 he was married to Eva En- gel of Buffalo. Mr. Reinecke is survived by his widow and two daughters, Mrs. Daniel W. Schwartz and Mrs. Edward W. Spitznagel and two sons, Ottomar, Jr., and Eugene Reinecke. 2 INTERESTING COLLECTING TRIPS On May 16th, 1917 I made a trip to a large farm which is located on a point of land along the shore of Long Island Sound near New London, Conn. On this farm the “Black Crowned Night Herons” have bred for years. The owner, now a man in his seven- ties, informed me that they have bred in this same swamp since he was a boy. This past season there was a very large colony breeding, when you walked through the swamp they would rise in clouds squawking as they flew away, then, if you would keep still TWO they would return, the females going to their nests and, the males perching around in the trees, then you would hear a regular concert of grunting sounding like a whole drove of pigs. The nests were thick in _ every direction you may look some trees having aS many as a dozen nests in them. On climbing a large beechnut tree I could look into the nests in the smaller trees and there were eggs in some and young in all stages from newly hatched to full grown. The ground was strewn with egg shells showing that the Herons do not carry them away as do other birds. Heron rookerys are not very sanitary as the trees were white with excrement and the decaying fish ail around made it filthy. On this same farm there are about thirty pairs of Ospreys breeding every year, most of them nesting in low Peprige trees not over twenty-five feet high, their huge nests which sometimes would fill a cart, being visible for a great distance. On climbing to a few I found them to contain from two to four eggs each, large, creamy, buff in color, most handsomely spotted with brown. One pair had a nest in a maple tree in the front yard and the old gentleman told me the nest had been occupied for three years. There were also several pairs of Crows nesting in the woods on this farm. On the 17th of June I engaged a lobster fisherman to take me to an island which is located six miles off shore where a large colony of Com- mon Terns nest each year and after a run of about three quarters of an hour we reached the island which has a very rocky shore making landing very difficult especially in bad weather. The Terns rose in a Swarm and the noise from their chatter made it diffi- THE OOLOGIST 37 cult to speak to each other without hallooing, we went ashore and such a sight I never saw before all over so thick you could hardly walk with- out stepping on eggs. The island has no trees on it, the only vegetation being a coarse grass and bindweed and in this the eggs were laid, and in most cases no nest being made, the grass simply hollowed. How they could ever tell their own nests is a mystery to me and in some cases 1] don’t think they did as there were eggs in some nests that were very different in shade some light and the others almost brown; sets being from two to four, all shapes, sizes and color, some being most beautifully marked. The beach were also lined with nests and there was a piece of a side of some old wreck that had washed up- on the beach and even between the ribs of this the “Terns” had built their nests. The nests on the beach and in the wreck were built of sea- weed and other drift material. The man who took me out to the colony said there were more birds this season than he had seen before in thirty years fishing around this island. “The Birds of Conn.” says that the colony was shot out about 1882 by some taxidermist but they have re- gained their number again and if all the young raised last year return in 1918 there will not possibly be room for them all to nest as the island is very small. I informed Mr. H. K. Job of the colony and he engaged a man and went out to the island and took some fine moving pictures of the colony. I intend to make a trip to both places this coming season as they are most interesting places for anyone interested in birds to visit. Nelson E. Wilmot, 24 New St., West Haven, Conn. THE OPPORTUNITY FOR ORNI- THOLOGY Study At Cranberry Lake, N. Y. By Carl F. Wright The Conditions at Cranberry Lake afford great opportunities for studying birds. The Sophomore summer camp opens on about the first of June and closes about the first of September, and consequently this period sees the birds in their nesting season. Sees them nest building, brooding eggs, feeding their young, and even sees them moulting and getting ready for their migratory flight back to their winter homes. The dense virgin timber is not an easy place in which to study bird life. The timber, however, around the For- estry Camp has all been cut over, and directly in back of the camp there is an old burn which has grown up to second growth, saplings, etc., and un- der these conditions the woodland birds are always seen at an advantage. The lake is the native home of the Loon or Great Northern Diver, the Great Blue Heron, and also a few pair of Red Breasted Mergansers make their home here. Outside of a few species, the so called ‘water birds” are not common. During the past summer two or three Herring Gulls made their home on the lake, but ap- parently they were not breeding. By observation it is hard to identify the sex of this species, but probably these birds were immature males and it is commonly known that occasionally the latter do not mate during the first year. An especial interesting feature of the lake is that it affords a breeding place for a colony of Great Blue Herons. This Heronry is located northwest of the lake near a swampy flow or set back, but it is not located where one would naturally expect to find the birds nesting, that is, in the 38 THE OOLOGIST Part of the egg collection of Delos Hatch, of Oakfield, Wis., showing method of arrangement... THE OOLOGIST Part of the egg collection of Delos Hatch, of Oakfield, Wis., showing method of arrangement 39 40 THE OOLOGIST dead and standing trees in the back part of the flow, but it is back from the flow nearly a quarter of a mile in the high land, hard wood timber. The Heronry was not visited during the past summer until July fourth, and by this time only a few young birds were left in the nests and these were near- ly full grown. The birds picked out all the large birches, beeches and maples, for nesting purposes, and sometimes there would be the three or four nests in a single tree. At least twenty-five pair of these birds are occupying the Heronry at the present time. Another interesting feature of the lake is the nesting of gavia imber, the Loon. As a rule, a person can not find the lake, especially in this state, where six or seven nests of this species can be located in a season, and this can be said of Cranberry Lake. - This magnificent diver is very shy, but if one is careful, the life history of this bird can be studied here at an advantage. Probably the characteristic land birds of this region are the White- throated Sparrow, Slate-colored Junco, Yellow-breast Sapsucker, and the Red- breasted Nuthatch. In nearly every place these species can be located, al- though each has its special locality to its liking. For instance, the White- throated Sparrow may be heard throughout the months of June and July at almost any time, singing their plaintive “peebody,” ‘‘pee-body, pee- body,” hence they get the name ofthe ‘““pee-body”’ bird. These Sparrows are characteristic of the burns and open brush country. Then again in the wooded districts, especially among the conifers, the pre- dominating bird note is the “yank” “yank” of the Red-breasted Nuthatch. This note can be distinguished from that of the White-breasted Nuthatch 99 66 in that it is shorter and lower pitched. The Adirondacks are rich with the warbler family and this is especially so around the summer camp. The warblers actually identified during the past summer were the Black and White, Yellow, Black-throated Blue, Magnol a Chestnut-sided, Black poll, Blackburnian, Black-throated Green, Oven Bird, Mourning, Maryland Yel- low-throated, Canadian, and the Amer- ican Redstart. Other species are - known to be here but these were the only ones positively identified. © One of the rare finds of the summer was the finding of a nest of the Mourning Warbler. The nest of the beautiful, skulking ground warbler was found near the camp on the edge of a small clump of saplings, and was placed in the forks of a maple sapling about four feet above the ground. The young had apparently just left the nest for the parents were busily feed- ing them close by. Nests of the Magnolia Warbler were found on June fifteenth and twentieth, the Chestnut-sided was found on the fifteenth and other nests of the same species were found quite common dur- ing the later part of June. Maryland Yellow-throat and American Redstarts were breeding commonly in June. Other nests that were actually found and examined during the sum- mer with date of finding are as fol- lows: On June 13, Slate-colored Jun- co, June 14, Cat bird and Rosebreast- ed Grosebeak, June 6, Song Sparrow, American Robin, House Wren, and Bank Swallow, June 17, Whitethroat- ed Sparrow, June 22, Red-wing Black- bird, June 25. Yellow-breasted Sap- sucker and Barn Swallow, July 3, Phoebe, July 23, Red-eyed Vireo, July , 15, Cedar Bird. The above mentioned nests all contained eggs. The following young birds were noted either in nests or just out: Red- THE OOLOGIST 41 breasted Merganser, Tree Swallow, Ruffed Grouse, Arctic Three-toed Woodpecker, Screech Owl, Downy Woodpecker, Lost Flycatcher, Mary- land Yellow-throated Warbler, King- bird and Bronzed Grackle. During the summer a list of seventy species were taken and data on the same. Undoubtedly there are many more species found around Cranberry Lake, but lack of time made it im- possible to make a more thorough study of bird life. a TOO TRUE AND TOO BAD In a personal letter received from one of the leading ornithologists in America, of recent date, we note the following: “It is greatly to be regretted that Ornithology has come to such dark days. It was a great training school for for ornithologists and we will miss its graduates in the next generation, even if we do not do so now. I could mention a few names but they would be the obvious ones with whom you are as well acquainted as myself.” A few days ago we received a com- plete catalogue of the 50,000 and up- ward specimens of birds’ eggs in the British Museum and in going over the same we were impressed with the fre- quency of the names of John J. Otto- ban, T. N. Brewer, Robert Ridgway, and other prominent American Oolo- gists mentioned as having been the collectors of many of these specimens of eggs. In our own collection the names of T. N. Brewer, B. F. Gluss, L. Cum- mings, H. K. Worthen, Julius Grinnell, F. M. Daggett, A. C. Bent, C. J. May- nard, F. M. Armour and many other frequently appear on the data blanks accompanying our specimens. All of these graduated from the school of Oology. Practically all of the leading Ornithologists in the last hundred years have commenced their studies in this way.—Editor. TRIALS AND TRIBULATIONS OF A COLLECTOR Doubtlessly we have all had our little hardships while out collecting which would be of interest to our fel- low naturalists, and since the Oologist is a collectors’ paper it follows that such contributions should appear in its columns. There is usually more interest in the bird tale when it also contains some of the trials and troubles accompanying the find, so let us all think over our past experiences and recount them to our brothers. During February 1917 I scouted early for hawk and owl nests. I found a beautiful large, nest of the Red-tail situated in a heavy wood along the Sangamon River in. Piatt Co., Ill. It was 60 feet up in the top of a tall, smooth sycamore tree. A _ pair of hawks were sailing above the wood so I immediately formed an image of a fine set of three eggs which soon would be collected there. The time being right I. set out March 17th to visit my nest. There had been a thaw several days pre- vious and much of the river bottom was flooded, but the weather was no longer warm for it had turned cloudy and a sharp wind was blowing a gale. Arriving at the wood I found it sur- rounded by the river on one side and by a forty foot overflow on the others. Well, here was a problem! There ‘were no bridges to cross upon, nor boats in which to row over, but finally I decided to try to pole over on alog which lay conveniently at the water’s edge. All went well until I reached the half way point when the log start- ed rolling over and over and I com- menced a sailor’s hornpipe to keep balanced. The log soon rolled faster than I could jig and I was tumbled off in ice and water nearly up to my shoulder pits. It didn’t take long for me to decide that the water was too 42 THH OOLOGIST cold for comfort and I waded on across in record time. In fact I had to go on across because I had thrown my climbers over before risking the submarine. After some fifteen minutes of running around like a locoed Comache I managed to _ get warm enough to try the climb. As I started up, the hawk sailed off the nest with a shrill scream. By the time I was half way up I was again chilled and my clothes were beginning to freeze, but I continued the attack, nevertheless. Continuous thoughts filled my mind that the set wouldn’t be complete, that they wouldn’t be well enough marked, or that I wouldn’t be able to hold them in my cold hands even if they were worth collecting so that all my work and _ discomfort would be for naught. My fears were soon set at ease when the nest was found to contain a whole rabbit and still better, a beautiful set of three eggs. Now, if I could only get down safely I would be alright. By that time my clothes rattled like a coat of mail every time I moved or the wind blew strongly. I got back to earth safely and then there occured another fifteen minutes of calisthenics to warm up again. But troubles were not yet over for I still had the overflow to cross. Logs had no temptation this time and the water was no colder than I was so I bravely, of necessity, waded through and then sprinted three miles to the station at White Heath from where I took the interurban back home. No ill effects having been contracted I now look at that fine set and laugh over my unwelcome, icy bath. Walter A. Goelitz, Ravinia, Illinois. ee BIRD CENSUS The following is an account of the birds observed on a _ six-mile walk taken on February 12th, 1918, Lin- coln’s Day, in the vicinity of Telford. Bob-White. A single bird was flushed near a few wheat sheaves placed in a wood by the local branch of the Bucks County Game Associa- tion. Sharp-shinned Hawk. One was seen making several unsuccessful attempts to capture Tree Sparrows. Hairy Woodpecker. Two were seen. They are rather uncommon in this region. Downy Woodpecker. frequently seen. Flicker. .Three seen in the woods. An irregular winter resident with us. Blue Jay. Six or seven seen. My first record for this species for 1918. Had left us on Thanksgiving day for a more southerly home. Crow. Very common. Purple Finch. A flock of four males and eight females were observed at close range. Tree Sparrow. Common everywhere. Slate-colored Junco. One flock of eighty individuals were seen on a. wooded hillside. Song Sparrow. Rather common. Three or four heard singing. Brown Creeper. One seen in com- pany with Nuthatches. White-breasted Nuthatch. Five seen in the woods. Tufted Titmouse. A pair were seen and heard whistling in true Chickadee fashion. Bluebird. One noted near a dense stand of hemlock. This is my earliest record for the spring migration of the Bluebird by fifteen days. My whistled calls were answered repeatedly. Claude A. Butterwick. 3 = THREE TU ONE In June a few years ago while tak- ing an outing with an Indian Girls Or- chestra at a lake in Southern Minne- They were THE OOLOGIST 43 sota, I had occasion to observe, and act a part in one of the _ eternal struggles for existence, that are al- ways going on. Now it isn’t a habit of mine to be up with the sun and birds, but on this occasion I was. Maybe my conscience was troubling me and I couldn’t sleep, but nevertheless, there I was wander- ing along like a lost soul looking for something to haunt. It seems that I always was attract- ed by water (not that I want to drink it) and soon found myself sitting on some rocks gazing out on the grassy surface of the beautiful little lake and wondering what kind of struggles and strife was going on beneath the calm of the surface. Along the shore was a fringe of small box elder and plum trees. While looking at a box elder I spied a large cercropia moth hidden away against the sun and heat of the day. Now of all moths I seem to be attached to the cecropia, those big, lazy, good natured fellows that are so common on warm evenings in early summer. I like them I suppose because my first col- lecting trip was rewarded by the cap- ture of a large larvae of this moth (which was years ago while with me walking was still an uncertainty). I couldn’t resist handling him (or I should say her, because it proved to be a female) to see if she would make a perfect specimen. After making sure that she was perfect I decided to put her back in the bushes to be her own custodian until I should be ready to return where I was staying. But she didn’t seem to like the place I selected and moved to another bush some twenty feet away. I thought, “Anything to please the ladies” and left her there. A large saucy blue jay that had been doing considerable scolding in a cottonwood tree across the street saw the moth change her address and came over to do a bit of personal in- vestigation, which in the end would probably add to his breakfast. I didn’t want to lose such a fine specimen, but I did want to see ifthe jay would find her, and what he would do when he did so I sat very still. Hither the place didn’t suit or the jay was getting too close, anyhow she left and started off across the lake. The bluejay stood there and watched her go and then shook himself in that careless and comical way he has and flew back to the tree and his argu- ment. About that time I heard a loud chat- ter and snapping of a beak and look- ing in the direction of the moth saw that a kingbird was also trying his luck in the collecting game. After a lot of chattering snopping and dodg- ing the kingbird like the bluejay gave up and retreated to his tree talking to himself and the last I saw of the moth she was still headed towards the far side of the lake. I, like the others, turned from the chase to other pursuits and other moths. Cecil A. Brown, U. S. S. Montana. Per eh EE Ae es On May 30, 1917, I collected a near- ly fresh set of five Green Heron eggs from a small wooded swamp near this city. On July 7, I climbed again to look over a nestful of four herons in the same nest. They were a week or ten days:old at least. Now, figuring 15 days for incubation, four days for laying and seven days for age of young, that second set must have been laid beginning June 10, probably two or three days earlier. - No vacillating here, no waste of time. A bit over a week, and a new set started. Raymond: Fuller, White Plains, Westchester Co., NGA. 44 = THE OOLOGIST NOTES One summer a pair of Wrens decid- ed to nest in a wren house built for them. After a time I noticed the birds and become disgusted with the box. I could not ascertain why, until after a summer or two, on taking it down, I found a dead wren inside it with a dead wasp clinging to the neck of the martyr. Question. Did the wasp sting the wren to death, or did the wasp come to feed on the body? A. Sidney Hyde, Topeka, Kan. Le Fee ee See THE RED-BELLIED WOODPECKER AS AN EGG SUCKER That the Red-belly will drill a hole in an orange and return to it until it falls is well known to every orange grower, but that they will enter the hen house and suck eggs was a new one to me and I didn’t believe it until I had conclusive proof. This raises the question, if they will suck hens eggs will they not also eat the eggs of other birds when they have the oppor: tunity? Rep: Hoyt, Clearwater, Fla. Ried RRS ene SAL Ee ee 1917 MIGRATION NOTES Dates of Arrival at Clinton, Ont. Wild Ducks, Mar. 20th. Wild Geese, Mar. 21st. Robin, March 21st. Song Sparrow, March 24th. Meadowlark, March 25th. Red-winged Blackbird, March 26th. Flicker, April 4th. Cow- bird, April 8th. Purple Martin, Apfil 17th. Loggerhead Shrike, April 17th. Kingfisher, April 22nd. Chipping Sparrow, April 22nd. Kingbird, May 12th. Bobolink, May 15th. Redstart, May 19th. Chestnut-Sided Warbler, June 3d. H. Munroe, Clinton, Ont. Can. __ _ 27> I stated in the December 1917, Oologist that the last record for Tree Swallow at Washington, D. C. was October 14th, which is the record that Chapman ‘Handbook of the Birds of Eastern North America” gives I noticed in the November-December 1917, number of Bird-Lore that it was October 17th. I also noticed that the last record for Philadelphia was Sep- tember 9th. Philadelphia is the same latitude as York (about 90 miles east of York). The occurences of birds about York are much more identical with the occurences of birds about Phila- delphia than they are about Washing- ton. Chapman’s “Bird-Life” states the last record for the Barn Swallow about Philadelphia is September 1st, as I stated in the December (1917) Oologist, mine is October 20th. Arthur Farquhar, Work ea: Bie VS Ee ee When the river is partly open a few Herring Gulls can usually be seen. The most abundant bird is the crow. Usually a few Fish Crows can be de- tected among their more vulgar asso- ciates. This winter there seem to be an unusual number of Goshawks among the other hawks. At a place where a small brook flows into the Raritan, three Kingfishers have been staying. More recently a Great Blue Heron has appeared at the mouth of the brook. How these four birds ob- tain enough to eat is a mystery. Among the smaller birds which win- ter. here are Cardinals, a few White- throated Sparrows, Tree Sparrows, a few Robins, Winter Wrens, Tufted Titmice, Chickadees, Purple Finches, Gold Finches, Song Sparrows, and Juncos. These are the species most often seen here on a December day, though others can often be added to the list. | Stuart T. Danforth, New Brunswick, N. J. THE OOLOGIST 45 MARCH March is the month when the large Hawks of North America select their nesting site and in many parts of the country lay their eggs. The woods at this time of the year are showing the signs of the touch of the hand of Spring, the tree buds are swelling, many wild flowers are pushing their blooms up through the fallen leaves, the air is pure and crisp, the sunshine bright and attractive and there is no time of the year when it is pleasanter for the real collector to march into nature’s own realms and many days marching has resulted in the addition of very desirable specimens to the. collection of the marcher. Take the advice of the editor and MARCH! errr og UNUSUAL SETS OF RED-TAILED HAWK EGGS An article in the February issue of the OOLOGIST on this subject was of more than usual interest to me, an “Old Timer” on Red-tailed Hawks eggs, having begun to peep into their nests in the year 1883, and incidental- ly, capture the prizes so dear to the heart of the oologist. My enthusiasm was aroused to the extent of spend- ing quite a bit of time looking over my series of eggs of this species for comparison. My measurements comprise about 360 eggs, or about 150 sets; two of which contained four heavily marked specimens each, and the only sets of this large number I ever took. Three sets were of single eggs, but well ad- vaneed in incubation. All others were of two and three eggs each, a few more sets of two than three. I have made many sets which show an extreme size in one diameter while they are normal in the other. For in- stance; many are very close to 2.50 in. in the major axis, but fall .10 to 15 in. below 2.00 in. in the minor axis. and many others which are near 2.00 in. in the minor, are .15 to .20 in. less than 2.50 in. which would seem to be about the extreme length of nor- mal eggs. At the present writing I have a com- plete scheule of the measurements of 223 of these eggs which exhibit an average of 2.34 x 1.86 inches. All of these are decidedly normal, none of the first four, nor of the last three sets described below, entering into the compilation of the schedule, The remaining 121 have been collected since the schedule was compiled, and while the measurements have been recorded, a look at them convinces me that the addition of the figures would hardly effect the general average given above. Allowing a range of .40 in. in long diameter and .30 in. in short diameter for normal eggs, would seem to put into the abnormal class all eggs measuring 2.55 in. or over, or 2.15 in. and below in long diameter; and those going above 2.01 and below 1.71 in. in the abnormal class for short diameter. Sete Now 1909's Colls “Mar. 2a. 189s: DWiOVe2l2S, 205 Xela > and) 24% x. 174 in. Set No. 2037, coll. Apr. 5, 1899, two eggs, 2.65 x 1.87 and 2.63 x 1.85 in. Set No. 2044, coll. Apr. 16, 1899, two eggs, 2.59 x 1.84 and 2.55 x 1.74 in. Set No. 2590, coll. Apr. 2, 1908, two esesy 2.67 x 1:86) and 2:59) x 1:78. Set No. 1126, coll. Apr. 6, 1893, two Sars 2.0 xa Io) aud 2:53 x 1.99) im: Set No. 1288, coll Apr. 8, 1894, two esas, 2. xeceOonamol 2.47 x 2:02) Im. Set No. 1917, coll. Apr. 4, 1899, three 6225, 2.49) x 205,021 x 203 and 2.43 x 2.00 in. : The smallest eggs I find in the series are the last measured speci- mens of each of the following three sets: mee 46 THE OOLOGIST Set 2 No. oli Colle Marz’ 30. 1898, three Cees. 2e22 sxe 2* Zale ox leslie 200 Xe es2Z cme Set No. 1295, coll. Apr. 4, 1894, two esses, 2.28 x ivsvand) 2a 2x 159m: Set No. 507, coll. May 5, 1891, two egos, 2.38 x evo vand 22x62 fin: All the above sets were collected by the writer, with the exception of the last described (507), which was taken near Clifton Springs, N. Y., by Mr. Kk Ba Peck: Among my abnormal sets, I have one which is worthy of note, inasmuch as it appears to be three sided, or of very irregular contour in lesser cir- cumference. In long diameter, it is 2.86 in. while the short diameter ex- hibits measurements ranging from 1.88 to 1.97 in., and when viewed endwise, very plainly shows three fiat sides. This egg was collected by Ray Dens- more, near Painesville, O. In these descriptions I have omitted mention of coloration and shape (ex- cept in the last), as the inten of this article is chiefly to show unusually large or small eggs of this species. Nothing can be said of the coloration, except that they carry a variety of range from unmarked to highly col- ored, which is usually seen in a ser- ies of specimens of this species. The shape of the extremely long eggs are, of course, far out of propor- tion for specimens of Red-tails eggs, and those of set No. 1911 are very globular in shape. J. Warren Jacobs, Keb, 12) 1918; We hope this “Old timer” will come again. Manw old timers are coming back. Jacobs, Webb, Cramdell, et al. Ed. Waynesburg, Pa. —_———— oo Campbell—‘‘This is a fine the race.” Bolen—“What race?” Campbell—“Humanity,” day for EGGS WANTED I desire the following species of the eggs of North American birds which are included in the A. O. U. list. For those where I desire one set,, I would be willing to allow in exchange, twice Lattins 1905 price. Address, R. M. Barnes, Lacon, IIl. One Set 9 Hur., 10, 11 Am., 26, 30 pure white, 35, 54, 7014, 92, 103, 123a, 1293 iS a ale 140, 140.1, 167; 171, 178, 192, oS aaa 223 Hup., 227, 228, 230, 264, 2815 286; 293, 300a, 310, 310b., 310c, 339% Tex., 399%, 35014; 1359; “S7TSbs wot aeemeonms 383, 385, 421, 496, 505, b4 2a tb ioecoase VAL. Tou, (ola, (56a. Toscana Two Sets 12, 30 Hur., 131,145, 164. Go saioGe 241, 242, 258, 289a, 295, 302 Hur., 308, 3387b 2-4, 339a, 2-2, 3-2, from Fla., 345, 370, 377a, 452, 478b, 489, 490.2, 534, 549, 552, 574, 592, 591b, 615, 622e 2-7, 629a. Three Sets 3, 11 Hur., 40a, 71, 123, 134 Gseeios: 169a, 171.1, 172a, 173, 176, Sieeeneee 205, 2138, 261, 276, 283, 300c, 302 Am., a08a, sl0a,, 813, 321) 328) doom OMmDrel 3-3, 348 3-2, 356, 362 3-2, 393, 466a, 474e 475, 488, 488a, 493 Am., 501, 536, 538, 554, 570, 583, 584, 612a, 622a, 633, 639, 759. 5 Four Sets 13) HUES (28s 42clee oer oon 115, 13810; 184a0 1538. 17 icra 212.2, 2256 Am., 2438, 272, 9 2 Jee nae 292, 300b, 301 Am., 308b, 318, 358, 368, 370a, 387a, 398, 405, 481b, 490.1, 511a, 517, 528, 587, 58.1p, 587, 597a, 601, 610, 642, 656, 685a, 694, 712, 725d, 743, 761 4-4, LG wiser Five Sets i, 9 Am., 41, 63, 67, 76, 84, 96. iGee 120b, 162, 186, 239, 301a, 312, 339b 5-3, 3538, 354, 354a, 360, 375c, 420b, 424, 448, 486a, 517a, 518, 542c, 581b, 593a, 607, 630, 631, 646a, 735a. THE OOLOGIST 47 MAGAZINES WANTED I want the following back numbers of magazines named, for which I will pay the highest market price. In any case where any number of a magazine is listed as wanted, if I cannot get the special numbers desired, I am willing to purchase either the entire volume or the entire file complete This is an unusual opportunity which those having old magazines named in the following list to dispose of the same at unusual prices. Please check up what you have on hand and write me. R. M. BARNES. Agassiz Bulletin, W. A. Crooks, Pub- lisher, Gilman, IIl., 1890. Vol. I, Nos. 2-3-5-6. Agassiz Companion, W. H. Plank, 1886, etc., Wyandotte, Ks. Vol. I, all but No. 2; Vol. II, ail but Nos. 3-5-6; Vol. III, all but Nos. 1-10-11-12. Agassiz Record, Frank HE. Wetherell, Oskaloosa, Ia., 1888. All except Vol. I, No. 4. American Magazine of Natural Hist- tory, F. R. Stearns & Co., Sac City, Ia., Des Moines, Ia., 1892-3. Vol. I,, Nos. 4-5-6-11; Vol. II, all but No. 1-2-3. American Magazine of Natural Science, Fred R. Stearns & Co., Sac City, Ia., 1892-3. Maile all ex. Nos. 1-2; Vol. Il, all ex. Nos. 1-2-3-11-12. Amateur Naturalist, Chas. D. Pandell, Ashland, Me., 1893-6 Vols. JI-II-III, . all of Vol. III. American Osprey, Paul B. Haskell, Ashland, Ky., 1890. Vol. 1, No. 6. Bear Hill Adviser, Frank E. Parks, Stoneham, Mass., 1903. All published except No. 4, Vol. I. except No. 4 Buckeye State Collector, E. J. Smith, F. R. Rome, Portsmouth, O., 1888. All published after Vol. I,, No. 6. Bulletin Oologists Association, Isa- dore S. Trostler, Omaha, Neb., 1897. All published except No. 1. California Art & Nature, Art & Nat- ture Co., San Diego, Cal., 1901. Vol. I, Nos. 5-6-7-10-11 California Traveller & Scientist Tra- veler & Naturalist Co., San Jose, Calif., 1891-2. Vol. I, all except No. 5; Vol. II, all except No. 3 and all other num- bers issued. The Collector, The Collector Co., West Chester, Pa., 1901. Vol. I and all Vol. II except Nos. 1-2-3. The Collector, Chas. & Jos. Keys, Des Moines, Ia., 1882. All of Vol. II except Nos. 6-7-8. Collector’s Journal, Frank Hammond, Lindquist & lLaurtzen, Chicago, IIl., 1909-10 all published. Collector’s Monthly, Frank Hammond, Fayetteville, Ia., 1901. All except No. 2 of Vol. I. Collector’s Star, Star Publishing Co., Pawnee City, Neb. 1888. All except, No. 2 of Vol. I. The Curio Collector, Corrine B. Wol- verton, Osage, Ia., 1912. All published ex. Vol. III, No. 1. The Curio Exchange, Frank Gingerich, New Kamilche, Wash., 1900-1. All ex. I, No. 2-6; Vol. II No. 1. Empire State Exchange, U. R. Per- rine, Water Valley, N. Y., 1889. All of Vol. I except Nos. 1-5-10. The Exchange, Bunker & Park, Men- dota, Ill., 1889. All ex. Vol. I Nos. 2-3. The Exchange, C:. R. Burr, Mich., 1885. All ex. Vol. I Nos. 1-2-4-5-11. Exchange & Collector, Union Ex- change Agency, Canajohane, N. Y., Adrian, IV THH OOLOGIST 18865. All ex. Vol. I No. 1. The Exchanger’s Monthly, Chas. Chamberlain, Jr., Jersey City, N. Y. All ex. Vol. II Nos. 1-8; Vol. Il No. 6; Vol. IV No. 4. Forest & Feld, Wm. Pope, L. J. Kel- logg, Gilbertsville, N. Y., 1892. All ex. Vol. I, No. 1-5. Golden State Scientist, EH. A. Haight, Riverside, Cal., 1886-7. No. 1, Aug. 1887. Guide to Nature Study and Literature, Agassiz Assn. of America, Stam- ford, Conn., Edw. F. Bigelow. All ex. Vol. I No. 1. Hawkeye Observer, Davenport, Putnam & Fingers, 1885-6. All. The Hummer, J. B. Brownwell, braska City, Neb., 1899-1900. Vol. I, No. 3-4; and all published after No. 9. Hoosier Naturalist, R. B. Trouslot, Val Paraiso, Ind., 1886-8. Vol. I Nos. 1-2-3-4-5. Vol. II, No. 6. Kansas City Scientist, K. C. Assn. of Science, 1886-91. Vol. V, Nos. 3-6-8-10-11. Kansas City Naturalist, C. L. Prebble, Topeka, Kan., 1902. All except Vol. V, Nos. 3-6-8-10-11. Maine Oologist & Ornithologist, H. Stanton Sawyer, Garland, Me., 1890- AG la.., Ne- Vol. I, No. 5-6-7-8-9-12; Vol. II No. As Mohawk Standard, Smith & Klock, Delta, N. Y., 1887-8. All ex. Vol. II No. 11. The Naturalist, R. B. Trouslot, Kan- sas City, Mo., 1890. All ex. Vol. IV Nos. 6-8-10. The Natural History Collectors Monthly, J. B. Peck, Newberg, N. Y. 1893. All ex. Vol. I Nos. 1-2-8-4. The Naturalist Companion, Chas. P. Guelf, Brockport, N. Y., 1895. All. ex. Vol. I, No. 1-3-7-11 and Vol. Il Nos. 2-4-5-6. Natural Science Review. All issues before No. 5; also Nos. 46-58-59-60-61-62-72-74 and _ all later. Nature and Art. All except Vol. I No. 1, Chicago 1898. The Observer, EH. F. Bigelow, 1889. ‘Vol. I all except No. 1-2-6; Vol. Il all except No. 3; Vol. II complete Vol. IV ali except No. 2-3; Vol. V No. 6 and all after No. 7; Vol. VI No. 2-7-10-12; Vol. VII. No. 1-2-3-5-10-11-12; Vol. VIII al except No. 4. The Ohio Naturalist, Biological Club, Ohio University, 1899-1905. All published except No. 1 Vol. IV. The Old Curiosity Shop, EH. M. Haight, Riverside & San Diego, Cal. Vol. I to V inclusive, complete; Vol. VI al except No. 33; Vol. VIII all except No. 8-11-12; and all following No. 1 Vol IX. Oologists Advertiser, .C. .H. Prince, Danielsville, Ct. 1899-1890. Vol. I, No. 1. Oregon Naturalist, Hugene, Ore., 1891. All following Vol. II No. 7. The Ornithologist, C. L. McCallum, Twin Bluffs, Wis. 1885. Vol. I No. 1 Oologist & Botanist, Valliet & San- ford, Des Moines, Ia., 1892. Vol. II No. 3-4-5. The Owl, H. Paul Peck and Ed. R. Wait, Glenn Falls, N. Y., 1885-6. All published except No. 1-2 of Vol. II and No. 2 Vol. III. Random Notes on Natural History, Southwick & Jenks, Providence, R. I. The Aurelius Todd, THE OOLOGIST Vv except Nos. 2-3-4. The Stormy Petrel, Smith & Co. Men- dota, Ill., 1890. ’ Vol. I Nos. 2-6 and all later. The Weekly Oologist & Philatalist, Lebanon, Ore., F. T. Corless. Vol. I No: 2; Vol. II No. 2. The Valley Naturalist, Henry Skear, St. Louis, Mo. : All except Vol. I No. 1. West American Scientist, C. R. Or- cutt, San Diego, Calif., 1885-92. All except Nos. 9-11 Vol. I, Vol. II all except Nos. 15-21; Vol. III all except Nos. 27-31; Vol. IV Nos. 43-47-53 Vol. VI No. 61; Vol. VIII No. 66 to 73 inclusive; Vol. No. 94 to 97 inc., Vol. XI Nos. 98-99-100; Vol. XII No. 107; Vol. XIII Nos. 121-130 inclusive and all published following No. 132 except Nos. 137-138. The Western Naturalist, C. L. Preb- ble, Topeka, Kan. All except Vol. I No. 1. Western Naturalist, Frank A. Carr, Madison, Wis. 1887-8. Vol. I all following No. 6; Vol. Il No. 1 and all following No. 4. Western Oologist, F. M. Sherrin, Mil- waukee, Wis. 1885. Wor t Noe; 1. Western Reserve Naturalist, Hubbard, Geneva, O., 1893. All except Vol. I No. 1. The Wisconsin Naturalist, The Nat- ‘uralist Pub Co. Zola B. Rohr & Frank Woerdhoff, Milwaukee, Wis. 1897, etc. All except No. 5-6 of. Vol. I and No. 1 of Vol. VI and Nos. 77-78-79-81- 82-87-88-89-90. The Wolverine’ Naturalist, Morris Gibbs, Kalamazoo, Mich., 1890. All except Vol. I Nos. 1-2. Fie Or The Young Collector, Chas & Jos. Keyes, Des Moines, Ia., 1881-2. All except No. 1-2-3 of Vol. II. The Young Naturalist, Chas. F. Get- teny, Galesburg, Ill. All except No. 4-5 of Vol. I. The Young Ornithologist, Arthur A. Child, Boston, Mass., 1885. All except Vol. I No. 1-3-7-9. DUPLICATE MAGAZINES FOR SALE Write R. M. Barnes, Lacon, III. for Prices American Osprey, Vol. I No. 7-9. The Asa Gray Bulletin, Vol. V No. 1. The American Naturalist, Vol. [IX No. 5. American Ornithology, Vol. I, No. 1, Vol. II Nos. 1-4-6, Vol. IV No. 1-5. Animal Life, Vol. 1 No. 9. Audubon Magazine, Vol. I, No. 9 Bird Lore, Vol. I No. 1. Bird News, Vol. I No. 2. The Bittern (Cedar Rapids, (la.), Vol. INo. tl The Bittern (Demaraiscotta, Me.), Vol. I No. 6. Quarterly Journal, Boston Zool., Vol. I No. 3. Brooklyn Entomological 1878. Bulletin Nuttall Vols, No; 2: Collectors Monthly (London), Vol I. Collector’s Monthly (Danielson, Ct.), Vol. II, Nos. 4-5. Stormy Petrel, Vol. I No. 5. Common Sense, Vol. II No. 2. Conchologists Exchange, Vol. II, No. 3. Empire State Exchange, Vol. III No. 4. Exchange Bulletin, Vol. I No. 2. Forest & Field, Vol. I No. 1. Hoosier Naturalist, Vol. II No. 6. Hummer, Vol. I, No 5-6. International Naturalist; Vol. II No. 5. Society, Oct. Ornithological Club, VI THE OOLOGIST THE CONDOR A Magazine of Western Ornithology Published Bi-monthly by the Cooper Ornithological Club of California Edited by J. Grinnell and Harry S. Swarth “The Condor’’ is strictly scientific but edited in such a way that a be- inner of ‘‘Bird Study”’ can easily un- erstand it. The articles in ‘‘The Oondor’’ are written by the leading Ornithologists of the United States and are illustrated by the highest quality of half tones. Our subscription rates are $1.60 per year in the United States and $1.78 in a Foreign coun- try. Sample Copy 30c. Address W. LEE CHAMBERS, Bus. Manager, Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, Cal. REA D “Blue- Bird’’ Pubilshed in co-operation with the Cleveland Bird-Lovers’ Association, and devoted to Bird Study and Conservation $1.00 a Year 10 Cents a Copy AGENTS WANTED Address EDITOR BLUE-BIRD, Dept. R. 1010 Euclid Ave. CLEVELAND, OHIO 19 Is THE OOLOGIST During the year 1918 Tue Oo.toeist will be better than it has ever been and it is now the only medium for the exchange of specimens and interchange of observations between the Oolgists in North America. If you are interested in their birds, their nests or eggs, or engaged in making a collection of any or either of these, or in any manner connected with any public Institution, Museum or College, you should subscribe, and subscribe at once. Rates 50c per annum, which includes one free advertisement. Address THE Ootoaist, Lacon, I]linois. THE OOLOCIST. VOL. XXXV. No. 4. ALBION, N. Y., APRIL 1, 1918. WHOLE No. 869 BRIEF SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENTS Wanted, Exchange, For Sale, Etc., inserted in this department at 36 sents for each 25 words for one issue; eaeh additional word 1 cent. serted\for less than 25 cents. No notiee ia- TAKE NOTICE. SUBSCRIPTION, 50 CENTS PER YEAR Examine the number on the wrapper of your Oologist. It denotes the time your subscription expires. Remember we must be notified if you wish it discontinued and all arrearages must be paid. 369 your sub- scription expires with this issue. 355 your subscription expired with December issue Other expirations can be compu ted by intermediate numbers at the rate of one number per month. Entered as second-class matter De- cember 21, 1908, at the post offlee at Albion, N. Y., under the Act of Congress of March 38, 1879. In answering advertisements in these columns mention “The Oologist,” and thereby help us, as well as the ad- vertiser and yourself. We will not advertise the skins, nests, These columns are for the use of those desiring North American Birds for sale. eggs, Or mounted specimens of to make bona fide exchanges of sueh specimens for scientific collecting purpe- ses only.—EDITOR. BIRDS WANTED—A pair of living Sand Hill Cranes A. O. U. No. 306, taken north of the center of the U. S. If the birds are only slightly Bone pPped this will not matter. For them will pay a good price. R. M. Barnes, Lacon, Ill FOR EXCHANGE-TIhavea beautiful, well- mounted, perfectly plumaged specimen each of Black Rosy Finch and Goshawk, which I willexchange for good set ofeggs. GERARD ALAN ABBOTT, Grosse Pointe Shores, Michigan. FOR EXCHANGE-—A. No.1 skins of ducks, geese and swan and other birds from this section offered for sets of eggs, or some west coast duck skins. Send full list; desire many common sets. Also have fine list_of dupli- cate onithological book for sale. HAROLD H. BAILEY, 319-54th St.. Newport News, Va. PERCHES—I have about 150 sets of turned perches for birds, to suit birds from the size of a warbler to the largest. hawks and owls. Will sell the lot reasonable or trade. Also have a number of rustic stands with natural limbs, cork bark stumpS, etc. M.J. HOFF- MAN, Taxidermists, 1818 Bleecker, St., Brooklyn, N. Y PASSENGER PIGEONS: Have one mounted bird in fair condition to ex- change for best offer in rare sets. RICHARD C. HARLOW, State College, Pennsylvania. The following skins with measurements and full data to exchange for good full sets— Crow, 1 male; Roadrunner, 1 female; Coot. 1 female, Hermit Thrush, 1 male, 1 female; Scissortail Flycatcher, 1 male; Grey-tailed Cardinal 1 male, 1 female; White-crowned Sparrow, 1 male,1 female; Vesper Sparrow, 2 males; Western Lark Sparrow, 2 males; Myrtle Warbler, 1 male, 1 female; 1 Chipping Sparrow, 1 female, Field Sparrow, 1 male, Bell Vireo,1 male. ELTON PERRY, 610 Bay- lor St., Austin Texas. MOUNTED BIRDS—A number of North American Tropical and a few European birds to offer for desirable skins and mounted specimens or cash. All are neatly mounted and on attractive stands; will ship without stands if desired. Send lists and get mine. M. J. HOFFMAN, Taxidermist, 1818 Bleecker St., Brooklyn, N. Y. FOR EXCHANGE-—A large list of Al North American species of skins for specimens needed in my collection. C. W. CHAMBER- LAIN, 36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass. 10 THE OOLOGIST BIRDS—Continued I have a beautifully plumaged and perfect- ly mounted Surf Bird which I will exchange for sets of Shore Birds or Warblers nest and eges. G. A. ABBOTT, Grosse Pointe Shores. Michigan. FOR EXCHANGE: Mounted Golden Eagle, Barn Owl, ‘Europe), Horned Owls, Goshawk, Taxidermy the best, Want small skins or stereopticon. H. F. HARVEY, 3 Hewthorne St., Worcester, Mass. FOR EXCHANGE—Collection of thirteen hundred anc fifty North American birds. Four hundred and twenty two species and sub-species are represented in the collection. PHILIP LAURENT, 31 E. Mt. Airy Avenue. Philadelphia, Pa. Would like to exchange a number of com- mon bird skins such as Red Headed Wood- pecker, Flicker, Blue Jay, Clarke Nut Crack- r. Indigo Bunting, Cat Bird, Meadow Lark, Yellow Billed Cuckoo, Broad Wing Hawk, Yellow Head Blackbird, Loggerhead Shrike, and many others for Bob-White, Scaled Part- ridge, Pheasant, Great Horned Owl, All skins in perfect shape and with data. KARL SCHWARZ, Taxidermist, 368 W. So. Temple, Opposite O. is L. Depot, Salt Lake City. Utah. EGGS. In sending in your exchange notices for nests, skins and eggs, we would ap- preciate it if you would arrange the humerals in your exehange notice in their numerical order, and not tumble them together hit and miss, as some of our readers are complaining, and we think justly so. FOR EXCHANGE — European and Asiatic sets in exchange for No. Ameri- can species. C. CHAMBERLAIN, 36 Lincoln St., Boston. Mass. WANTED—Entire collections of eggs, also eggs of Rare North American Birds. R. M. BARNBAS, Lacon, Il. SPECIAL OFFER —Send for sample of my data with your name printed on them, 500 for $1.00 postpaid. EDW. 8. COOMBS, 243 Kranklin St.. Boston, Mass. RED CEDAR SAW - DUST—Can supply this ideal tray lining material, clean and sifted, in sacks of half bushel or more. Will exchange for first-class sets and skins de- sired, on a basis of 60 cents per peck. A. F. GANIER. 1221-17th Ave., 8.. Nashville, Tenn. FOR BXCHANGE—Sets of 30 1-1, 201 1-5, 191 5-4, 202 10-3, 6-4, 263 1-8, 333 1-3 3-4, 335 1-4, 339 5-2, 488 2-3 4-4 3-5, 498 1-3, 540 1-4, 563 1-4, 581 1-4, 584 5-3 1-4, 593 1-2 3-3, 598 1-3, 624 1-3 2-4, 705 3-4, 725 1-5. Ostrich and Emen, one egg each. Full data. RICHARD FEF. MILLER, 2069 East Tioga St., Phila- delphia, Penn. FOR EXCHANGE -The followiny well pre- ee sets 316 2-2, 3211-2, 443 1-5 1-4, 47la 1-4 1-3 9, 474c 1-3. 498 3-5 5-4 43, 506 4- 4, 513a_ 3-4 4-3, 552a 3-4, 593c 1-4 5-3, 612a 6-5 64, 633 3-4, 638 1-4, 708a 3-4. 719¢ 3-7 5-6 3-5, 732a 1-6 1-5, 761 1-4. Texas Chickadee 1-4 $1.00 per egg. Sereech Owl or $1.00 per egg. one egg cracked. Howell Nighthawk 6-2 or $1.00 peregg. Select your wants and send list. ELTON PERRY, 610 Baylor St., Austin, Texas. 597 2-3, 6133, KE: Skinner, Brooklands Estate Office, Waybridge, England, desires correspondence and exchange with reliable collectors. See list of wants and offers in “Oologist” for January. FOR EXCHANGE—C ompound Micro- scope, Spectroscope, Printing, Eggs in Sets, WANT Eggs, Skins, Natural History Books. Correspondence invited. ERNEST A. SHORT, Rochester, N. Y. Box 173. WANTED—To exchange sets with reliable collectors. Will be glad to send _ list on re- ceipt of yours. G. BERTRAM REGAR, 1000 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. KOR EXCHANGE — 4562, 4982, 1-3, 593 2-3. 6144, 652 n-4, 4, 681 1-5 1-4 n-4. 7042, 7052, 7351-6, 7562. 3-3, 755%, 761 2-4. 2-3. E.DW.S. COOMBS, 243 Franklin St., Boston. Mass. EXCHANGE NOTICE—I desire to get in touch with all active field collectors with a view to exchanging A 1 sets. H. W. CAR- RIGER, 5185 Trask Street, Oakland, Calif. I have sets of the following to dispose of: A.O.U.1. 8la, 44, 47, 184, 191. 197, 210, 212, 226, 365. 373, 385, "390, 394c, 409, 517, 674, 681, 684, 735, 736a. many others. RAMON GRAHAM, 401 W. Leuda St., Ft. Worth Texas. FOR SALE—A large number of Ornitho- logical and other Zoological excerpts. single numbers and complete voJumes of Agricul- tural magazines, Ornithologist and Oologist, Nidologist, Condor. etc. Sets for exchange 13, 27, 180, 274, 347a, 528, 554, 529, 697, 757 and many others; photographs etc., for Ornitho- logical publications. J. D. SORNBORGER, Rowley, Mass. - Will be glad to hear from reliable col- lectors and to receive their lists. Have good list to offer including some rare species. RICHARD C. HARLOW, State College, Pa..- WANTED—To correspond with collector S having perfect sets of Murrelets, Auklets. Tropic birds. Mex. Jacana, Limpkin, Turn- stone, Bartram’s Piper and No. Phalerope. Can offer Loons, Albatross’s, Hawks, Owls and Mourning and Cerulean Warblers, etc. aT answered HAROLD MEYERS, Medina WANTED—Collections of Al sets and large rare singles and sets with nests._ Send lists in full with lowest terms. DRS view: CLECKLEY, 457 Greene St., Augusta, Ga. WANTED—Sets of 113.1, 249, 252, 260, 298, 332, 344, 398c, 399, 463, 521, 5738, 583, He, ues dle . BOWLES, The Wood- stock, Tacoma, Wash. WANTEHED—Lists of choice sets from reliable collections. I can offer Sand- hill Crane, Swallow-tail Kite, Bald and Golden Eagle, Duck Hawk, Snowy Owl and many others. All answered. A. BE. PRICH, Grant Park, III. WANTED-—Singles or broken sets in quan- tities, or small lots; also books on a curios, etc. J. E. HARRIS, 259 Maple S Dayton, Ohio. THE OOLOGIST Ill EGGS—Continued FOR EXCHANGE—Following Alsets. with data—15, 2-1, 105 1-1, 105 1-2-1, 337b 2-3, 486 1-4, 375d 1-2, 617 1-5, 685b 1-3, and others, for sets needed in my collection. C. BADGER, Santa Paula, Calif. WANTED—One good set of the Gray Sea Eagle. Can offer 21-4, 7 1-2, 230 1-4, 337b 1-2, 360 1-2, 365 1-5, 417 1-2 and others. ERNEST S. NORMAN, Kalevala, Manitoba. kK. L. Skinner, Brooklands Estate Office, Weybridge, England, desires correspondence and exchange with reliable collectors. Only the very best sets will be accepted or offered. Present requirements includes series of 261, 263, 273, 337, 339, 364, 387, 388, 501, 498, 5384a, 535, | 537, 5388, 539. 540, 541, 543, 544, 546, 552, 552a, 560, 561, 563, 575, 585. 603, 605, 619, 624, 749, 754, 757, 758, 759b, 761, 763, etc. Sets offered 229, 271, 274, 473. 493, 269; fine series British Buntings, Finches, Thrushes, Tits, Warblers. ete. Also fine setsfrom Lab. rador of 559, 554, 515, 274 etc. and rare and in- bercpuine sets from India, Australia and rica. If you want to increase your collec- tion of birds eggs or to dispose of the same advertise in THE OOLOGIST. It will produce results as it reaches al- most every person in North America who is a collector of Oological speci- mens and a great many who are not but who wish thy were. We give one free ad. with every subscription. MISCELLANOUS. WANTED-—A few well-made skins of Ring- necked Pheasant. GEO. F. GUELF, Brock- port, N. Y. POLYPHEMUS COCOONS for sale at 2c each, or exchange for insects or cocoons par- ticularly west, south or foreign. KENT SCIENTIFIC MUSEUM, Grand Rapids,Mich Any one having a good Steropticon Lantern for exchange, please communicate with ARTHTR W. BROCK WAY, Hadlyme, Conn. W ANTEHED—Colored bird slides. Also first class lantern for cash or exchange for bird or mammal skins. ALBERT LANO, Fayetteville, Ark. FOR SALH—Two handsome Virginia Red Cedar cabinets suitable for eggs or skins. Also one smaller Walnut Cabi- net, cheap. WHARTON HUBBER, Gwy- nedd Valley, Pa. WANTED—To exchange lepidoptera with collectors in every part of the world. Send your list of offers. Please abate THEODORE R. GREER, Aledo, inois. FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE:—No. 3 Bulls eye Eastman Kodak, new and in good condi- tion. Ask $5.00, cost $9.00. Send offers of ex- change. JOHNSON NEFF, Marionville, Mo. PERSONAL—Would like to. become ac- quainted with active Oologist in New York City, Westchester Co., or nearby, with view to expeditions next spring. L. C. S. please write. RAYMOND FULLER, White Plains, Neve keh. 1. No. 1. FOR SALE—Stevens collecting gun with shells, loading tools, etc. Price $80.00 W.N. PECK, 19 Elm P1l., Quincy, Mass. TO EXCHANGE — One 23x34 Eastman Kodak. One 34x44 Seneca Camera. One Edison Phonograph with 200 records. One Slide Trombone, silver-plated. A WHEELER, 69 W: Chippewa St., Buffalo, WANTED—32x44 double extension hand camera with Dagor lens in Compound or Op- timo shutter I can offer 5x7, f-4.5 Crown anastigmat in Ilex Acme shutter. A. D. Du Bois, Dutton, Montana. WANTED - Bird magazines in good condi tion. State what you h ve and the price Also want some Promethea Cocoons. H. E MUNROE, Clinton, Ont. Can. I heve 50 lantern slides of ornithological subjects, all from life. many beautifully colored which I will exchange for sets of eggs. G. A ABBOTT, Grosse Pointe Shores, Mich. Will exchange Brownie No. 3 folding Camera for Al sets with data. Cost $10.00, exchange price $25.00. Send full list as I want many common sets. O. E. BEEKMAN, Wasco. CValif.. Kern Co. EXCHANGE — Modern Indian relics. in- cluding three (3) fine eagle feather war bon- nets. Will exchangef or good sets of eggs. Can use some fairly common varieties. All answered. ROBERT F. BACKUS, Canon City, Colo. FOR SALE AND EXCHANGE — Oregon Butterflies. Send for description of my beautiful Butterfly Pictures. FRED J. BAKER 355-2nd St., Portland, Ore. FOR SALE—Two mounted deer heads on shields. One $10 and one $12. These are bar- gains. Address O. M. GREENWOOD, Man- chester, Iowa. Spring Is Here Get in the Field Send us an account of what you see and learn Send Us New Subscribers Increase Your Collection THE OOLOGIST IV THE OOLOGIST BOOKS. Desirable bird books for sale or exchange for other books on birds or insects. Sets of Condor, Ridgeway, etc. . R. REYNOLDS, 2971 Pacific Ave., San Francisco, Calif. WANTED — Osprey, Vol. IV No. 3 and index: New Series, Vol. I No. 4. 5, 7. FOR EXCHANGE or Sale Cheap. Some early volumes and single copies of Oologist, many Nos, of Bird Lore, Museum, a few copies of OSDIEY JOHN WILLIAMS, Iowa City, owa. EXCHANGE—Large number of Oologists and other bird magazines. A few sets nicely prepared of common land birds. Part VII “Birds of North and Middle America” for other parts of same work. issues of Oologist, Osprey etc., for cash or exchange. Also*’Birds of Washington, D.C and vicinity by Mrs. L. W. Maynard. RALPH W. JACKSON, Cambridge, Route 1, Maryland. FOR SALE—