yrsale lanceolatum, acutum, concaviusculum, 5 mm. longum.
etala linearia, acuta, trinervia, 6 mm. longa, circiter .5 mm. lata.
abellum 7 mm. longum brevi-unguiculatum, deinde cunea-
im, trilobum, lobi laterales rotundati, circiter 2 mm. lati, leviter
enulati; lobus medius triangularis, 2.5 mm. longus, 2.5 mm.
tus, subacutus. Mentum 3-4 mm. longum. In disco labelli linea
evata, sulcata, a basi ipsa medium labelli usque decurrens ibi-
1e in processus setiformes mutans.

Dendrobium leytense in general habit resembles D. piesto-
ulon Schitr., from which it differs in its broader leaves and more
rongly complanate stems. The labellum is not at all fleshy, or
ickened at the tip, in dried specimens. Besides the type I have
‘amined many specimens collected by Wenzel (0415) in Leyte,
hich bear flowers 1 cm. long with lips 9 mm. long. From the
aterial at hand the sepals and petals appear to have been yel-
wish, the labellum tinged with pale purple.
Leyte, Dagami, C. 4. Wenzel 082, January 15, 1913. On trees at great
height. Altitude 60 meters above sea level. Flowers greenish-yellow and
pink.
37. Dendrobium longicolle Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1840) Misc. 74.
his species has been ascribed to the Philippines, but not with
rety. Cf. D. Clemensic.
38. Dendrobium lunatum Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soe. 3: 4.
PALAWAN.
39. Dendrobium luzonense Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1844) Mise. 54.
. alagense Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci, 2: 328.
Miypanao, Mrnporo, Leyte, Luzon.
40. Dendrobium Lyonii 4mes OrcHIDACE 2:177.

Luzon.
. 10% ]

, ee BRE RH ® ~ & & & ea BARBRA S HES
ee KR KERB HRB ES aa BH SBE
see eee HARK KS RRS SM HO
‘awww eee ee eee
Le ARS AKA HA SK Aw 8 8 OR SO a a
a a ee “oe *& eR eR RE DH ®.
Wee Ce eae er ees
Oe anne 8 oe eee eH
He oe RRR SS a & & HS eS HSH SH = & & S
ees SSS eR REE SE BM SG. «. a «& & & BR H&B
ee eee ea
so & & & B&B & can me & SR aS ERR EH | . 2 * *
ee ra a ee
sR &® ose eee ORR KS ROS

A A ee

Pe ee
+ me . _ - _ *& & ee
# & *& & ee ® a & & Be ®@, a * & * af & ae ®
ee ona sh eae RS A HS He SH
oe eas as

ae ee RR RRA MRS AEBS ean ke & & & S
a a2 ee eRe Se ® tae wR eH a? “se ee a —

STUDIES IN THE FAMILY ORCHIDACE”
OAKES AMES A.M.

A ry 2.2 2

MI

'; Ry Wore Uy ie
| A\S// be

= . Ds

« ‘ ) may

= “i 4

« ; lg@fa-

BING \Z :

4 ‘ V { _ =
> ; 4 =u
am}. * GF =,
s f ( h AS
i 4 XN -

. ar (LA

|

» Na)

A Z \ ¥

- ma \Y \ , oe

« ~ oy, oe
is ¢C VJ

te x "

(May)

4 r) vay
F Ge
sa
7
Sot

Pata ye

ih

ORCHIDACEA
Vv

id : +e"

RRO

+2

é

f Tg (BAS
> 7 Ne wh ft Hi

ORCHIDACEE

ILLUSTRATIONS AND STUDIES OF
THE FAMILY ORCHIDACEA

ISSUED FROM THE AMES BOTANICAL LABORATORY
NORTH EASTON, MASSACHUSETTS

THE GENERA AND SPECIES OF
PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS
BY
OAKES AMES

DIRECTOR OF THE BOTANIC GARDEN OF HARVARD UNIVERSITY

@

Fascicle V

BOSTON
THE MERRYMOUNT PRESS
1915

cA
O7&
£as¢,5

COPYRIGHT, 1915, BY OAKES AMES
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

PUBLISHED SEPTEMBER 2, 1915

D. B. UPDIKE- THE MERRYMOUNT PRESS - BOSTON

TO
BLANCHE AMES AMES
MY WIFE COLLEAGUE AND

PLAY FELLOW

e?
7 Sat AeD _

¥
7 av a i s

AOA fie? “id ;

¥
. r 74
Ah Ae see en

‘ 7 14) y “ e Ly AY ~ :
‘MEAT Ae oN, ‘Al us, is wry? Me

Pipi d Spherion “wkd (lint grag, ont

CONTENTS

Preface 1x
Synopsis of the Genera 3
Genera and Species of Philippine Orchids 9

Summary of New Species, New Combinations, and New

Names proposed in the present Volume 259

Index 265

" ii | she?

|

‘ey Poaan agtey 7 i amariat pou aut
a oe “ies sini Wl? wined'sd (cai
ve oe Van oa way; ibe Tle leh n nen ew Gee coe eee
my: ne grr aes Pa ahi et mbbreng: Fated o Vash 70 Sey:
we : Lam naasntnlvag > Te) i Lane
* i se hen eee SN bins RE eed ae eas Oe Rie Vo aa
ae AEM: | ob neot
ee eh Oe TE hes arent

i A ny Soh Aah haan

it) see Te area tere 2 oid 9
set ne

ete SRO niece ean)

ay, hice cerepepiilansiy ri oping? ent Wy
antler’, Inorg, so att Lebeageany

wOT mT LAT) ie ed ee A te ha ial
wa dat, i. reel eda Dt

Pe ee ee eae 4

pee ‘

rsa en,

ee
ALVA ‘1 io Ween: ‘ > bp ; , fa Light ,

4 w 4
_

ee

arr er Live &

PREFACE

MONG the plant families that constitute the vegetation
A of the Philippine Islands the Orchidacez is the richest
in representatives. It exceeds the Rubiacew, the next largest
family, by several hundred species. Although, in addition to the
regular explorations carried on by the botanical department of
the Bureau of Science at Manila, several collectors have given
special attention to the search for orchids, there are still large
areas, botanically unknown, from which it is highly probable
that rich accessions to our orchid herbaria will be made.

In the list that follows it has been necessary to exclude many
species referred by authors to the Philippines on questionable
evidence or on unreliable data. At the same time several spe-
cies have been included which, though inadequately known be-
cause of the absence of types, were originally described from
material supposedly of Philippine origin. Furthermore, for pur-
poses of discussion, a very few species have been admitted to
the list which have not yet been found in the islands, although
ascribed to them by monographers.

The genera Arundina and Bromheadia have been reported
from the Philippines on the evidence of Cuming’s 2058 and 2054.
Vidal, in a footnote on page 88 of Phanerogame Cumingiane
Philippinarum, excluded 2053 to 2058 inclusive from the Phil-
ippines, and states that they belong to specimens gathered at
Singapore. Naves ascribes Arundina pentandra Reichb. f. and
A, Wallichii Reichb. f. to Luzon, but on evidence which we may
safely disregard.

Dendrobium lamellatum Lindl. is given an extension of range
by Fritz Krinzlin in his recent monograph, that includes the
Philippines. The basis of this extension is Cuming’s 2074. Unfor-

[ ix ]

PREFACE

tunately I have not seen the material collected by Cuming and
distributed under this number, but I suspect that it may prove
conspecific with D. platycaulon Rolfe, which is a near ally of
D. lamellatum. I have not seen any specimens of D. lamellatum
among the collections from the Philippines that I have examined,
although several specimens referable to the endemic D. platy-
caulon have been received from the Bureau of Science.

In the early days of Philippine botany new acquisitions were
described in numerous journals, for the most part in brief terms,
consequently it is a difficult task to make a comprehensive enu-
meration of the different kinds, to clear away the obscurity that
surrounds some of them, or to identify, in the absence of type
specimens, those that were published as new by the pioneer
students of the Philippine flora. Taken as a whole, however,
the doubtful species are comparatively few if those that authors
have ascribed to the Philippines conjecturally are removed
from consideration. That this should be so is all the more surpris-
ing when it is realized that the types on which Blanco’s first and
second editions of the Flora de Filipinas were based have not
been preserved.

When the third edition of Blanco’s Flora was made ready for
publication at Manila under the auspices of the Order of Au-
gustinians, Andreas Naves, who wrote the part of the Novis-
sima Appendix devoted to the orchids and other monocotyle-
donous groups, included a number of names on the authority
of a list transmitted to him by Sebastian Vidal, the author of
Phanerogame Cumingiane Philippinarum. This list is cited
by Naves as the Boxall Manuscript. It was prepared by Boxall,
not from collections he personally had made in the Philippines,
but from horticultural and other sources consulted prior to his
departure from England. In other words, the Boxall Manuscript

[x]

PREFACE

was just such a guide as a horticultural explorer might take
to a new country. It was not a list of actual discoveries made
by its author, nor a record of plants of indisputable Philippine
origin, but a compilation that was to prove useful for refer-
ence. In my enumeration of genera and species in the follow-
ing pages I have regarded Boxall’s manuscript as useless for pur-
poses of citation unless subsequent collections have verified its
contents.

The unrestrained adoption of Boxall’s manuscript list does not
complete the shortcomings of the Novissima Appendix, because
the determination of its authors to reduce Blanco’s species to
older ones, on the assumption that few of them were new, and
their efforts to identify with the plants of India and the Malayan
region the components of the Philippine flora resulted in numer-
ous errors in judgment. A single example will suffice to make
clear what I mean. Cypripedium Fatrrieanum was included by
Naves as a native of the Philippines, although its habitat at the
time was extremely doubtful. The native country was not defi-
nitely known until 1905, twenty-two years after the publica-
tion of Naves’ work, when specimens were found in the valley
of the Torsa or Amuchu River (Machoo of some authors), in the
Chumbi district of Western Bhotan, in India.

It has been estimated that of the one thousand one hundred
and twenty-seven species and varieties of plants described by
Blanco five only were deemed valid by the authors of the Novis-
sima Appendix. In other words, one thousand one hundred and
twenty-two of them were reduced to synonymy without discus-
sion. Merrill sums up the revision of Naves and his colleague,
Fernandez- Villar, as follows: “It is evident that these authors
accomplished their work in the library rather than in the field
and in the herbarium, and that they reduced Blanco’s species to

[ xi ]

PREFACE

those of other authors not so much by a study of botanical ma-
terial as by an examination and comparison of descriptions.”

The orchid flora of the Philippine Archipelago is closely al-
lied to that of Celebes, Java, and the Malay Peninsula. There
are no endemic genera. The number of endemic species, on the
contrary, is very large, at least six-sevenths of the known ones
having been found nowhere else. It is safe to say that approxi-
mately ninety per cent of the orchid flora is endemic.

In the following enumeration seven hundred and twenty-three
species distributed among one hundred and one genera are
admitted. Of this number one hundred and nineteen species
and one variety are herein proposed as new. The species of the
Apostasiine have been dropped, as this group should, in my
opinion, be excluded from the Orchidacee. The sequence of the
genera conforms closely to that adopted by Pfitzer in Engler
and Prantl’s Die natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien, but several points
of dissimilarity that distinguish my arrangement from Pfitzer’s
should be noted, as they seem to establish a more natural group-
ing. In my treatment of the Sarcanthine I have attempted to
bring the genera into accord with modern botanical thought, and
to recognize those deviations from Pfitzer’s interpretation of
affinities that recent studies have proved to be desirable. The
genera of the Sarcanthine, however, are by no means, even
now, thoroughly understood, although late investigations have
done much to bring us nearer to a rational solution of those prob-
lems that have perplexed botanists for many years, have given
rise to discussion, and have produced a copious synonymy.

In my remarks about several of the species enumerated in the
following pages I have had occasion to refer to the plants col-
lected by Camelli. Georg Joseph Camelli (Camell or Kamel), in

[ xi |

PREFACE

whose honor Linnzus named the genus Camellia, was a mission-
ary who passed a number of years in the Philippines, where he
devoted part of his leisure to the collection and study of botan-
ical specimens. In 1704, in an appendix to the third volume of
Ray’s Historia Plantarum, descriptions of Camelli’s plants were
published. This appendix is of importance, as it constitutes one
of the earliest records of Philippine botany. Camelli prepared
drawings to illustrate his specimens, but no attempt was made
to reproduce them until Jacob Petiver published a plate of the
orchids in his Gazophylacium. Petiver’s plate represents modi-
fications of the originals, much reduced, that make possible ap-
proximate identifications. The original drawings are still extant,
and are preserved in the Sloane collections at the British Mu-
seum.*

In the citations of collectors’ numbers the abbreviations Bur.
Sci. and For. Bur. refer to the Bureau of Science and the For-
estry Bureau at Manila. C.A.Wenzel’s field numbers, cited in
the references to distribution, are preceded by a cipher, to dis-
tinguish his orchids collected especially for me from the speci-
mens of his general collections distributed to the subscribers to
his sets of plants from Leyte. As Wenzel unfortunately num-
bered both his orchids and general collections alike, confu-
sion would be inevitable were not some means of distinction
adopted.

A complete bibliography has not been included in this work,
as most of the species have been amply treated in the preced-
ing volumes of OrcHIDACE# or in my contributions published
in the Philippine Journal of Science. Furthermore, with very few

* Photographic copies of the orchid drawings, for which I am indebted to Dr. A. B. Rendle,
are in my herbarium.

[ xiii ]

PREFACE

exceptions, a detailed account of geographical distribution has
been confined to the new species.

As it is yet too early to offer an orchid flora of the Philip-
pines, the following pages should be regarded simply as a con-

tribution toward such a flora.
OakEs AMES

July 10, 19165

ORCHIDACEA

| ae ussren ie, ain I

hin
; iy Tene i

Pan i)

ide aay yi) me Ni Hadi oe

Aig
Ady 1

SYNOPSIS OF THE GENERA

I. Diandrz. The lateral anthers of the outer series fertile.

CypRIPEDILINE

1. Paphiopedilum Pfitzer Morph. Stud. iiber d. Orchideenb. 11.
II. Monandre. The unpaired anther of the outer series fertile.

A. BASITON. Anther adherent by a broad base; caudicule developed
at the base of the anther. (Cf. Ames Orcuipacrs# 2 : 35-38, figs.)
HaABENARINE

2. Herminium R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, 5:191.
3. Habenaria Willd. Sp. Pl. 4:44.

DIsPERIDINE
4. Disperis Sw. in K. Vet. Acad. Stockh. Nya. Handl. 21: 218.
AA, ACROTON. Anther attached to the column by a filament; caudi-
culee when present developed at the tip of the anther.
B. Polychondree. Pollinia granular, mealy or powdery.
THELYMITRINE
5. Thelymitra Forst. Char. Gen. Pl. 97, t. 49.
PRraAsOPHYLLINE
6. Microtis R. Br. Prodr. 320.
ACIANTHINE
7. Corybas Salisb. Parad. Lond. t. 83. Syn. Corysanthes R. Br.
CRrYPTOSTYLIDINE
8. Cryptostylis R. Br. Prodr. 317.
VANILLINE
9. Galeola Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 520.
10. Vanilla Sw. in Nov. Act. Ups. 6: 66, t. 5.
11. Lecanorchis Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 2: 188.
12. Aphyllorchis B/. Bijdr. t.77. Orch. Arch. Ind. 51, t. 13, 17.
GASTRODINE
13. Epipogum Gmel. Fl. Sib. 1:11.
14. Nervilia Comm. ex Gaudich. in Freyc. Voy. Bot. 422, t. 35.
15. Stereosandra Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 2: 176.
16. Didymoplexis Griff. in Calc. Journ. 4: 383, t. 17.
17. Gastrodia R. Br. Prodr. 330.

[3 ]

ORCHIDACEA

SPIRANTHINE
18. Spiranthes L. C. Rich. in Mém. Mus. Par. 4: 50.
PHYSURINE
19. Goodyera #. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, 5:197.
20. Lepidogyne BI. Fl. Jav. nov. ser. 1:78, t. 25.
21. Dicerostylis Bl. Fl. Jav. nov. ser. 1:98, t. 38.
22. Erythrodes Bl. Bijdr. 410, t. 72.
23. Kuhlhasseltia J. J. Smith Ic. Bogor. 4:1, t. 301.
24. Cystorchis Bl. Fl. Jav. nov. ser. 1:73.
25. Cystopus Bi. Fl. Jav. nov. ser. 1 : 69.
26. Ancectochilus Bl. Bijdr. 411.
27. Macodes Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 496.
28. Cheirostylis Bl. Bijdr. 413, t. 16.
29. Adenostylis Bl. Bijdr. 414.
30. Myrmechis Bl. Fl. Jav. nov. ser. 1: 64.
31. Vrydagzynea Bi. Fl. Jav. nov. ser. 1:59.
82. Heteria Bi. Bijdr. 409, t. 14.
TROPIDIINE
83. Tropidia Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 1618.
34. Corymborchis Thou. Orch. Iles Afr. t. 37.
BB. Kerospherew. Pollinia of waxy consistency.
CoLLABIINE
35. Chrysoglossum Bl. Bijdr. 337, t. 7.
36. Nephelaphyllum £7. Bijdr. 372, t. 22.
87. Diglyphosa Bl. Bijdr. 336, t. 60.
Ca@LoGyNIN£
38. Ceelogyne Lindl. Collect. Bot. sub t. 33.
39. Dendrochilum Bl. Bijdr. 398, t. 52.
40. Pholidota Lindl. in Hook. Exot. FI. 2, t. 138.
41. Crinonia Bl. Bijdr. 338.
LiparIDIN£
42. Malaxis Sw. in K. Vet. Acad. Stockh. Nya Handl. 21: 233.
43. Oberonia Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 15.
44. Hippeophyllum Schltr. in Schum. & Lauterb. Nachtr. Fl. Deutsch.
Schutzg. 107.
45. Liparis L. C. Rich. in Mém. Mus. Par. 4: 52, t. 5, fig. 10. Syn. Ces-
tichis Pfitz.

bard

ORCHIDACE

THUNIINE

46. Dilochia Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 38.
GLOMERINE

47. Ceratostylis Bl. Bijdr. 304, t. 56.

48. Agrostophyllum Bi. Bijdr. 368, t. 53.

49. Glomera Bl. Bijdr. 372, t. 68.
PopocHILIN£

50. Podochilus Bl. Bijdr. 295, t. 12.

51. Chilopogon Schltr. in Fedde Rep. Beihefte 1: 332.

52. Appendicula Bl. Bijdr. 297, t. 40.
PoLysTACHYINE

53. Polystachya Hook. Exot. FI. 2, t. 103.
PHAJINE

54, Acanthophippium Bl. Bijdr. 353, t. 47.

55. Phajus Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 529.

56. Calanthe #. Br. in Bot. Reg. sub t. 573.

57. Ascotainia Hdl. Mat. Fl. Mal. Pen. part 1, 115.

58. Spathoglottis Bl. Bijdr. 400.

59. Plocoglottis Bl. Bijdr. 380.

60. Pachystoma Bl. Bijdr. 376.
CyRrToPoDIINe

61. Eulophia #. Br. in Bot. Reg. t. 686.

62. Geodorum Jackson in Andr. Bot. Repos. 10, t. 626.
DENDROBIINE

63. Dendrobium Sw. Nov. Act. Ups. 6:82.

64. Eria Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 904.
BULBOPHYLLINE

65. Bulbophyllum Thou. Orch. Iles Afr. t. esp. 3, & fig. t. 93-97 & 99-

110.

THELASINE

66. Octarrhena Thw. Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 305.

67. Thelasis Bl. Bijdr. 385, t. 75.

68. Phreatia Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 63.
"THECOSTELINE

69. Acriopsis Reinw. in Syll. Pl. Ratisb. 2: 4.

70. Thecostele Reichb. f. in Bonpl. (1857) 37.

[5]

ORCHIDACEA

CyMBIDIINE
71. Grammatophyllum Bi. Bijdr. 377, t. 20.
72. Dipodium FR. Br. Prodr. 330.
73. Cymbidium Sw. Nov. Act. Ups. 6 :'70.
SARCANTHINE
74, Chameanthus Schltr. ex J. J. Smith Orch. Jav. 552.
75. Thrixspermum Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 519.
76. Sarcochilus R. Br. Prodr. 332.
77. Doritis Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 178.
78. Phalenopsis Bl. Bijdr. 294.
79. Aérides Lour. ¥']. Cochinch. 525.
80. Rhynchostylis Bl. Bijdr. 285, t. 49.
81. Luisia Gaudich. in Freyc. Voy. Bot. 426, t. 37.
82. Arachnis Bl. Bijdr. 365, t. 26.
83. Esmeralda Reichb. f: Xen. Orch. 2:38.
84. Vandopsis Pfitz. in Engler & Prantl, Die nat. Pflanzenf. II, 6 Ab-
teil. p. 210, f. 229.
85. Stauropsis Reichb. f. in Hamb. Gartenzeit. 16 : 117.
86. Renanthera Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 521.
87. Vanda Jones in As. Res. 4: 302.
88. Angraecum Bory Voy. 1: 359, t. 19.
89. Saccolabium Bl. Bijdr. 292.
90. Gastrochilus Don Prodr. 32.
91. Omeea Bl. Bijdr. 359.
92. Ascocentrum Schltr. in Fedde Rep. Beihefte 1: 975.
93. Malleola J. J. Smith & Schitr. in Fedde Rep. Beihefte 1: 979.
94. Robiquetia Gaudich. in Freyc. Voy. Bot. 426, t. 34.
95. Schcenorchis BI. Bijdr. 361.
96. Camarotis Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 219.
97. Sarcanthus Lindl. Collect. Bot. t. 39 (B).
98. Pomatocalpa Breda Orch. Kuhlh. & v. Hass. t. 15.
99. Trichoglottis Bl. Bijdr. 359.
100. Microsaccus Bl. Bijdr. 367.
101. Tzeniophyllum Bl. Bijdr. 355, t. 70.
Arundina and Bromheadia have been reported from the Philippines. I have
not seen any material among the collections I have examined that is referable
to either genus.

[ 6]

ORCHIDACEH

| sll he on pm hi panei iy
A) ; ei ee ee Big nh ro
Pee fh oe iid sia Ay siditt i ae

i 1h Ria a Mak i ue 9 Acca j ik r ete ii,
mi sn Ti Nk siniosmyoutyler AL AAnb vale kena BEA.
Ay Aa aie i snares i de y eas Pin a faint Pag A
eR veen a haw 0 whee be i dae bss ith gat! if bi i die eres

Vind

Heels) Ni ai uty bien La i a ERK di, i bs
, lis ah se ii mit bins Marea weil vio ki, vet ‘) bio is
jy ea ene ie nue iN nace sAdirig aye
ad aan tania oh dg sian a Hoon Vide
A, \ ba ih sheave) 4 Pho Caps arya LO VP ean nk ha 7

"en Chih adbaiiareii VAN ys iW we via pr ayy aNd: ey
sy Nk We dhy. ae i, ouatey Oe i a r
esa 8 ist ‘RD ee, ee kena Baa Ih ay bie
bei Festi AOR ae Pinte SN akan RNAS aie y
as os np! cle is oy) - 4 Na et eo ep

ee eo nn

\ i? a0 et an f ae Be.) ” fy
Ried or SPH en ees Asari Ne OV Ue A a

#0 a ‘ + alt oe al be j
ih) TO ing ibe in” i rh 4 Le f aay,
huhu f TEAL \ a rw AT aon! ei Mace gh ogi iyit me ‘.
ty " 4 . ; 7 ult 1 ey
Gt A, Mua . ; fv th ;
Utena ii st int
bp}
ey a ,' n ¢ i ‘i ‘i ba
~~ ; “hi
é He, a AO , Uri he ee, eh ae
ia
f “
ty es at ad F
my vids l
‘
\
a
F -
I '
1
ital

Uy

Vib a ae Pub Gay face Naat A AlN Oe he ee ess i mre ean niki a

GENERA AND SPECIES OF
PHILIPPINE ORCHIDS

I. DIANDRA-CYPRIPEDILINA

OUR genera are recognized. Cypripedium Z. has representa-

tives in both hemispheres. Selenipedium feichb. f. is a small
genus of tropical American species. Phragmopedium Folfe, a
genus of horticultural value, is chiefly South American. Paphio-
pedilum Pfitzer is confined to the tropical regions of Asia and
the East Indies. Five species, all of which are cultivated for the
beauty of their flowers, are natives of the Philippines.

1. PAPHIOPEDILUM Piitz.

In the Orchid Review of January, 1912, R. A. Rolfe discussed the
nomenclature of the Cypripediline, and in a footnote referred all
the species which are representatives of Paphiopedilum to Cor-
dula Rafinesque.

Rafinesque, in Flora Telluriana, part 4 (1836), page 46, pro-
posed four new genera, Sacodon, Stimegas, Cordula, and Nemo-
phora, to include species of Cypripedium. The first of these is rep-
resented by the group of which Cypripedium macranthum Sw. is
an example. Stimegas and Cordula, as understood by Rafinesque,
include species which Pfitzer referred to Paphiopedilum. Under
Stimegas Rafinesque included Paphiopedilum venustum and under
Cordula P. insigne. The fourth genus, Nemophora, from the de-
scription of the type species, is congeneric with Paphiopedilum.

These Rafinesquean genera were not unknown to Pfitzer when
his Orchidacez-Pleonandre for Engler’s Das Pflanzenreich was
prepared, but with the exception of Sacodon, Pfitzer wrongly
referred them all to the synonymy of Paphiopedilum. On the

[9 ]

ORCHIDACEA

basis of priority Mr. Rolfe is justified in taking up Cordula, but
surely we may hope that Paphiopedilum will be added to the
list of genera which one must retain regardless of priority. Cor-
dula, if adopted, will be most inharmonious in a group which
has been distinguished by uniformity in the termination of its
generic names.

Two of Pfitzer’s subgenera of Paphiopedilum are represented
in the Philippines.

I. Subgen. ANATOPEDILUM.
1. Paphiopedilum Haynaldianum (Feichb. f.) Stein Orchideenb.
470.

Luzon.

2. Paphiopedilum philippinense (Reichb. f.) Stein Orchideenb.
480. Cypripedium philippinense Reichd. f. in Bonpl. 10 : 335. Cf.
Botanical Magazine, t. 5508. “Associated especially with Cym-
bidium Finlaysonianum on open cliffs and boulders, above reach
of waves in time of storm, exposed to full sunlight. Upper sepal
nearly white with prominent longitudinal, dark purple stripes ;
lower sepal nearly white, tip yellow. Petals elongated, purple,
except near the base where they are yellow, with three lines of
large purple dots. Labellum white on the back, apex and mar-
gin yellow (lemon yellow).” CoLLEcTor’s Nore.

Patawan, Taytay Bay, Apulit Island, E. D. Merrill 9423, May 31,1913.
On limestone cliffs and boulders near the seashore, 2-4 meters above sea
level.

II. Subgen. OTOPEDILUM.
3. Paphiopedilum Argus (Reichb. f.) Stein Orchideenb. 453.
Luzon (Bouot, according to Rolfe).
4. Paphiopedilum barbatum (Lindl.) Pfitz. in Pringsh. Jahrb.
193159.

[ 10 ]

ORCHIDACEAE

Patawan, Bouor, Cuming 2060. As Cuming also collected in Malacca,
and as P. barbatum is a native of Mount Ophir, his 2060 may have come
from there.

5. Paphiopedilum ciliolare (eichb. f-) Stein Orchideenb. 462.

Minpanao, Dinacat.

Two other species of Anatopedilum have been reported from
the Philippines, but on evidence that is not quite satisfactory.
P. Lowi (Lindl.) Stein is a Bornean species which, it is believed,
has been discovered in the Sulu Archipelago. (Cf. Orchid Review
3:129,193.) P. Rothschildianum (Reichb.f.) Stein is another Bor-
nean species which has been given an extension of range that
includes the Philippine Islands.

In 1899 I obtained at the nurseries of Messrs. Hugh Low &
Co., England, a specimen of a supposed natural hybrid which
had been imported from Palawan. At least the records at hand
indicated that the plant had come from a collector who had
passed part of his time on that island. This hybrid proved to be
the same as P. x Kimballianum, a natural hybrid produced by
a cross between P. Rothschildianum and P. Dayanum, both na-
tives of Borneo. P. x Kimballianum may be a native of Palawan,
but, aside from the garden name Cypripedium x palawanense,
there is no evidence at hand to prove that it is. P. x AKimballa-
num was originally imported from Borneo.

Although for many years I have had under observation almost
every known species of Paphiopedilum, including many varieties
and several hundred hybrids, I find it very difficult to identify
with surety dried specimens. I have at least two species from the
Philippines that I have been unable to identify. These are repre-
sentatives of the subgenus Otopedilum.

[ ll ]

Il. MONANDRZ-BASITONA

2, HERMINIUM R&R. Br.
One species is known to be a native of the Philippines. About
twenty species have been described.

1. Herminium angustifolium (Lzndl.) Benth. MS. ex Hook.
f.¥1. Brit. Ind. 6: 129. Aceras angustifolia Lindl. W all. Cat. no.
7061.

H. angustifolium is a native of Formosa, Japan, Timor, Java,
Manchuria, Hupeh, Khasia Hills, Tenasserim, Sikkim, and the
northwestern Himalayas.

Luzon, common in Benguet.

3. HABENARIA Willd.
Platanthera and Peristylus are here included. In the third vol-
ume of OrcHIDACE I gave my reasons for keeping Habenaria
intact. In Die Orchidaceen von Deutsch-Neu-Guinea, Dr. R.
Schlechter refers Peristylus to Habenaria as a section and keeps
Platanthera as a distinct genus.

1. Habenaria alagensis 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2: 312. H. lu-
zonensis -4 mes in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil. Bot. 5: 1550.

Luzon, Leyrr, Minpanao, Minporo.

2. Habenaria A mesiana(Schltr.)comb.nov. Platanthera A mesi-
ana Schltr. in Fedde Rep. 9: 212. Habenaria angustata Ames
ORCHIDACE# 2 : 26 not Kuntze. Aside from details in form which
help to distinguish H. Amesiana from H. angustata, there is a
conspicuous difference in the size of the flowers. Specimens from
the Philippines and specimens from Java, the latter determined
by J. J. Smith, are before me, which show a difference of 7 mm.
in the length of the spur; that of H. angustata measuring 14mm.,
that of H. Amesiana 7 mm.

Luzon.

[ 12 ]

ORCHIDACE
3. Habenaria aristulifera Reichb. f. in Bonpl. 3: 213.

Luzon, Mrinpanao.

4. Habenaria biseta Ames ORCHIDACE 2: 80.

Luzon.

5. Habenaria congesta_4 mes ORCHIDACE# 2 : 38. H. Rumphii
Lindl. is a closely allied species.

Guimaras, Minpanao, Panay.

6. Habenaria Copelandii Ames OrcHIDACE 2:29.

Luzon.

7. Habenaria Cumingii Krdnzl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 1: 262. This
species is unknown to me. The original description was taken
from Cuming’s 2091. From this same number Reichenbach f.
described HZ. aristulifera. Kranzlin describes the petals as bipar-
tite. The only species with bipartite petals from the Philippines
are H. Leibergu, H. aristulifera, H. Curranii, and H. lingu-
losa. H. Cumingu, from the description, is unlike any of these.
H. dichopetala Thw. and H. lancifolia A. Rich. are cited as near
allies.

No habitat other than the Philippines is given by Krinzlin in the ori-
ginal diagnosis.

8. Habenaria Curranii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7:1.

Luzon.

9. Habenaria Delessertiana Krdnzl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 1: 283.
Cf. Phil. Journ. Sci. 7: 2.

Luzon, Minpanao.

10. Habenaria diphylla Da/lzell in Hook. Kew Journ. Bot. 2:
262. There are slight differences between the Indian and Philip-
pine specimens I have examined, but I doubt if they would prove
constant through a large series of plants.

Luzon.

[ 13 ]

ORCHIDACE

11. Habenaria Elmeri 4mes in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil. Bot.
5: 1550. The inflated spur of this species is a conspicuous differ-
entiating character between it and H. Amesiana.

Minpanao, NEGROs.

12. Habenaria falcigera Reichb. f. in Linnea 41:100. I have
not seen any specimens that Reichenbach f. determined, but I
believe Curran’s 4884 represents this species. Kriinzlin does not
cite any specimens in his monograph.

Luzon.
13. Habenaria Goodyeroides Don Prodr. 25.

Luzon, Minpanao.

Also from New Guinea, Java, Formosa, Yunnan, Assam, Burma, Anda-
man Islands, Nepal, India.

14. Habenaria halconensis Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 : 812.
Platanthera halconensis Sch/tr. in Fedde Rep. 9 : 212.

Minporo.

15. Habenaria hystrix Ames OrcHIDACE 2:35. Dissorhyn-
chium muricatum Schauer Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 19, suppl. I, 434,
t. 18 (A). H. muricata Vidal Phan. Cum. Phil. 80, not H. muri-
cata Barb. Rodriguez.

Dumaran, Luzon, MInDANnao, Sicursor.

16. Habenaria lacertifera (Lindl.) Benth. F). Hongkong 362.
Cheeradoplectron Spiranthes Schauer Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 19,
suppl. I, 436, t. 13 (C).

Luzon.
Also from China, Formosa, India, Java, and the Malay Peninsula.

17. Habenaria Leibergii Ames OrncHIDACEA 2: 34.

Luzon.
18. Habenaria lingulosa Ames OrncHIDACEE 2 : 33.

Luzon.

[ 14 ]

ORCHIDACE

19. Habenaria Mearnsii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7:3.

Luzon, Province of Benguet.

20. Habenaria militaris var. philippinensis Ames ORCHIDACEA
2: 40.
Mrinpanao.
21. Habenaria pelorioides Par. & Reichb. f. Trans. Linn. Soc.
30 : 135. The underground parts of the plant are said to be edible.
Luzon.
Also from lower Burma and the Malay Peninsula.
22. Habenaria ponerostachys Feichb. f. in Bonpl. 3 : 213.

Mrypanao, NEGros.

23. Habenaria Robinsonii 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7 : 3.
Luzon.
24. Habenaria rosulata Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7:5.

Luzon.

25. Habenaria tipulifera Par. & Reichb. f. Trans. Linn. Soc.
30:139. This species has been reported from the Philippines
(Cuming 2095). HZ. bisceta may have been confused with it.

26. Habenaria Vanoverberghu sp. nov. Bulbi circiter 6 mm.
in diametro, spheroides vel leviter elongati. Radices fibrate.
Folia 2—4, rosulata, ad basim pedunculi conferta, lanceolata, acuta,
variabilia, usque ad 4 cm. longa, circiter 11 mm. lata, sessilia,
in sicco chartacea. Pedunculus 1-3 dm. longus, pergracilis, 2—4
bracteatus, bracteis arcte adpressis, acuminatis, acutis, ad basim
tubularibus, circiter 1 cm. longis. Racemi laxiflori, 4-7 cm. longi.
Pedicellus cum ovario circiter 1.3 cm. longus, glaber. Bractez
flores subtendentes quam pedicellus cum ovario breviores, an-
guste lanceolate, longe acuminate, valde acute, 5-10 mm. longe.
Flores 3-9, virides. Sepala lateralia anguste lanceolata, acuta,
6 mm. longa, circiter 2 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale concaviuscu-

[ 15 ]

ORCHIDACEA

lum, erectum, acutum, late lanceolatum, circiter 5 mm. longum.
Petala simplicia, lineari-triangula, subfalcata, leviter recurva, uni-
nervia, acuta, circiter 5 mm. longa, prope medium 1 mm. lata.
Labellum tripartitum, divisiones laterales quam divisio media
longiores, lineares, patentes, usque ad 13 mm. longze, .5 mm. lata;
divisio media linearis, leviter incrassata, vix 6 mm. longa, circi-
ter .75 mm. lata. Calcar 10-11 mm. longum, obtusum, leviter in-
flatum. Processus stigmatis hippocrepiformes.

From AH. rosulata Ames, H. Vanoverberghi is in part distin-
guished by its broader leaves, green flowers, more slender spur,
and narrower sepals.

Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Father M. Vanoverbergh 3687, August 8,

1913. In wet soil, 1300 meters above sea level.

27. Habenaria Warburgeana AKrdnzl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 1:
467.

Luzon.

28. Habenaria Zephyrica sp. nov. Herba terrestris valdissime
gracilis, circiter 25 cm. alta. Folia 4, prope medium caulem con-
ferta, lineari-lanceolata, apiculata, membranacea, utrinque at-
tenuata, 4-7 mm. longa, 9-12 mm. lata, 5-15 mm. distantia, ad
basim breviter vaginata. Bracteze infra racemum lineares, acute.
Bractez flores subtendentes flavide, ovate, acute, circiter 2 mm.
long. Sepala lateralia oblongi-lanceolata, subacuta, subtus prope
apicem apiculata, 2.25 mm. longa. Sepalum dorsale concavum,
obtusum, vix 2.5 mm. longum. Petala oblongi-elliptica, + 2 mm.
longa, circiter 1 mm. lata, simplicia. Labellum tripartitum, car-
nosum, divisionibus lateralibus quam divisio intermedia multo
longioribus. 'Totum labellum 4.5 mm. longum, lobus medius ob-
longus, obtusus, usque ad apicem attenuatus, 1.5 mm. longus,
.75 mm. latus, lobi laterales vel divisiones laterales lineares (cir-

[ 16 ]

ORCHIDACE

cinati?), 4 mm. longi. Calcar dependens, 5 mm. longum ad api-
cem subulatum, supra apicem clavatum. Gynostemium ?

The type consists of a single specimen. In habit it suggests a
depauperate H. aristulifera, and in fact has aristulate tips to the
leaves. The lateral sepals are dependent; near the apex, on the
dorsal side, the thickened mid-nerve protrudes to form a subulate
tip (as in HZ. repens). The underground part of the plant in the
type specimen is apparently incomplete. From the parts remain-
ing it would seem to have had two cylindrical, fleshy, tuberoid
roots 2 cm. beneath the surface of the ground. The flowers of the
type are in a poor state of preservation, consequently it is im-
possible to describe the details of the gynostemium.

Mrxpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mary Strong Clemens s.n.
November, 1906.

4. DISPERIS Sw.
Only one species of Disperis has been reported from the Philip-
pines. Schlechter ascribes fifty species to the genus, of which more
than forty are natives of Africa. D. rhodoneura Schltr. comes from
New Guinea, and D. philippinensis Schltr. from the Province
of Papanga, Luzon. The type of the latter was collected in Sep-
tember, 1905, at an altitude between three hundred and seven
hundred meters, by Elmer D. Merrill (4215). It is a small ter-
restrial species, hardly 8 cm. tall, with sessile, ovate, acute leaves
+1 cm. long. The flowers are purplish and odorless. In habit it
resembles D. Bolusiana Schltr. and D. villosa Lindl.

1. Disperis philippinensis ScA/tr. in Fedde Rep. 9 : 436. The
flowers are said to be similar to those of D. zeylanica Trim.

[17 ]

III. MONANDRA-ACROTON A

5. THELYMITRA Forst.

The genus Thelymitra is essentially Australian. More than half
of the forty-four species now known come from that country.
About twelve are natives of New Zealand. Only one species is
known to be a native of the Philippines. T'helymitra malintana
Blanco FI. Fil. ed. 1, 642 is unknown to me. Naves referred it to
Habenaria trinervis Wight, a species that has never been au-
thentically reported from the Philippines.

1. Thelymitra javanica Bl. Bijdr. 419.

Luzon.
Also from Java.

6. MICROTIS R&. Br.
A small genus of about twelve species, with the centres of dis-
tribution in Australia and New Zealand.

1. Microtis unifolia Reichb. f. Beitr. Syst. Pl. 62. Ophrys uni-
folia Forst. Prodr. Fl. Ins. Aust. 59 (1786). M. wnifola, as at pres-
ent understood, is a native of southern China, Japan, Formosa,
Liukiu Islands, Java, New Caledonia, Australia, and New Zea-
land. Undoubtedly studies of specimens from the wide range
indicated will result in the recognition of several species that are
now confused with M. wnifola.

Luzon.

7. CORYBAS Salisb.

There appears to be no valid reason for upholding the generic
name Corysanthes Ff. Br. It is antedated by Corybas, and, in ac-
cordance with the rules of nomenclature adopted by the Vienna
Botanical Congress, is not available. The description of Corybas
aconitiflorus in Salisbury’s Paradisus Londinensis is accompanied
by a plate that leaves no room for doubt as to the generic char-

[ 18 ]

ORCHIDACE

acters of Corybas. In his Prodromus Flore Nove Hollandize
Robert Brown gave his reasons for excluding this genus, reasons
which it is difficult to consider seriously to-day.

The genus includes about thirty-eight species, sixteen of which
are natives of New Guinea. Nine or ten species have been re-
ported from New Zealand, and about four from Australia. Cory-
bas Merrilla marks the northern limit of distribution for the
genus.

1. Corybas Merrillii Ames ORCHIDACEE 2: 42.

Luzon.

8. CRYPTOSTYLIS R&. Br.
There are about fourteen species of Cryptostylis reported to be
natives of New Guinea, Australia, Samoa, New Caledonia, Java,
Borneo, Ceylon, Malay Peninsula, and the Fiji Islands.

1, Cryptostylis arachnites (B/.) Hasskarl Cat. Bogor. 48.

Luzon, Potttio, Necros, Leyte, Minpanao.
Also reported from Borneo, Java, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and south-
ern India.

9. GALEOLA Lour.
About fourteen species have been described. C. A. Wenzel, who
has collected Galeola pterosperma in Leyte, reports that a super-
stition prevails among the natives that if this plant grow near
a human habitation, the occupants will die.

1. Galeola pterosperma (Lindl.) Schltr. in Engler’s Bot. Jahrb.
45: 886. G. Hydra FReichb. f: Xen. Orch. 2:77.

Basuyanes, Leyte, Luzon, Mrinporo.
Also reported from Java, Formosa, Sumatra, Malacca, Tenasserim, Sik-
kim.
10. VANILLA Sw.
More than fifty species of Vanilla have been described. These are

[ 19 ]

ORCHIDACEA

conveniently divided into two large sections, one characterized
by leafy, the other by leafless stems. Both sections are represented
in the Philippines, each by a single species.

Vanilla is of special interest, as it contains the only orchids
that are economically important.

Vanilla majaijensis Blanco is a doubtful species which authors
have referred to VY’. planifola Andrews, the vanilla of commerce.
if this treatment is correct, then Blanco’s specimens, as Mr.
R. A. Rolfe suggested in his monograph of the genus Vanilla,
may have been introduced from Mexico by the Spaniards.

V.ovalis Blanco, which Naves considered identical with V. aro-
matica, is probably conspecific with V. majazjensis. In my herba-
rium there is a specimen from Laguna Province, Luzon, the
type locality of V. ovalis, which Mr. Merrill has referred to V.
ovalis Blanco. If Mr. Merrill’s suppositions, published in his re-
view of the identifications of the species described in Blanco’s
Flora de Filipinas, are correct, V. ovalis and V. majaijensis are
conspecific, in which case V. ovalis Blanco would by priority be-
come the name of the species. Unfortunately Blanco’s types
are no longer in existence, so that no clear understanding of his
species can be reached.

The next step is to examine V’. philippinensis Rolfe. The spe-
cimen from Laguna Province, referred to above, which Merrill
identified as V. ovalis, appears to be conspecific with V’. philippi-
nensis, and is a native of the region from which Blanco’s mate-
rial was received. It is impossible to arrive at a definite conclu-
sion, but conjecture surely favors the supposition that V. ovalis,
V. majaijensis, and V. philippinensis are one and the same; a
conjecture strengthened by the evidence which has gradually
accumulated to show that V. philippinensis is not uncommon in
the Philippines, while no other species comparable to V’. ovalis or

[ 20 ]

ORCHIDACEE®

V. majayensis has been detected, not even in Laguna Province,
the type locality of Blanco’s species.

In Petiver’s Gazophylacium (pl. 103, f. 4) a species of Vanilla
is figured which represents one of Camelli’s Luzon plants pub-
lished in Ray’s Historia Plantarum.

1. Vanilla calopogon Reichb. f. Otia bot. Hamb. 40. To this spe-
cies I have referred a specimen preserved in the United States
National Herbarium (351735).

Luzon, A. Loher, 630, June 29, 1890.

2. Vanilla ovalis Blanco FI. Fil. ed. 2, 448. V. majaijensis
Blanco F. Fil. ed. 2, 593. V. philippinensis Rolfe in Journ. Linn.
Soc. 32: 459.

Luzon, MInpDanao.

11. LECANORCHIS Bi.

The peculiar cup-like collar at the summit of the ovary beneath
the perianth is a remarkable character which is diagnostic for the
genus. About seven species are known. Lecanorchis japonica Bl.,
however, is probably only a variety of L. javanica Bl.

The range of the genus includes the Malay Peninsula, Perak,
Singapore, Siam, Japan, Java, New Guinea, and Borneo.

1. Lecanorchis triloba J. J. Smith in Bull. Dép. Agric. Ind.
Neérl. no. 19, p. 26. This is the only representative of the genus
at present known to be a native of the Philippines. Although
Smith has recently referred L. triloba to L. javanica Bl., because
of the likelihood of an incorrect diagnosis of the latter by Blume,
I have retained it here as the three-lobed labellum appears to
be a strong specific character and as my specimens agree with
L. triloba as described and figured by Smith. They do not agree
with the characters assigned to L. javanica by Blume.

[ 21 ]

ORCHIDACEA

Leyte, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0282, February 23, 1914. Terrestrial in for-
est. “Petals greenish, sepals white, labellum white. Leaf none.”

12, APHYLLORCHIS Bi.
Two species are natives of the Philippines. The genus contains
less than twenty valid species which are essentially East Indian
and Malayan.

1. Aphyllorchis benguetensis Ames ORCHIDACEA 2 : 49.

Luzon, MinpaNnao.

2. Aphyllorchis pallida Bl. Bijdr. 77.

Minporo.
Also Java, Perak, Pahang, and Singapore.

18. EPIPOGUM Gwmel.

The genus is a small one, numbering about five valid species.
1. Epipogum roseum (Don) Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 1:

177. EK. nutans Reichd. f. in Bonpl. 5: 36. This species has been

found in Java, Ceylon, New Guinea, tropical India, and Australia.

Luzon, Leyre, Minpanao, NrEcRos.

14. NERVILIA Comm. ex Gaudich.

Four species have been collected in the Philippines. These are
referable to § Linervia, § Vinerlia, and § Eu- Nervilia. (Cf. Schlech-
ter in Engler’s Bot. Jahrb. 45: 399-405.)

I. Flower shoot always one-flowered, lengthening after anthesis, as in Cory-
bas. A. § Linervia.
II. Flower shoot more than one-flowered, not lengthening after anthesis.
a. Flowers usually in pairs. Rhachis abbreviated. B. § Vinerlia.
b. Flowers usually three or more. Rhachis elongated. C. § Eu-Nervilia.
A. § Linervia.
Labellum fringed on the margin. N. crispata Schltr.
Labellum three-lobed, entire on the margin. N. dilatata Schltr.
B. § Vinerlia.
Labellum not conspicuously three-lobed, lobes rounded. N. discolor Schltr.
C. § Eu-Nervilia.
Labellum conspicuously three-lobed, disc hairy. N. Aragoana Gaudich.

[ 22 ]

ORCHIDACE

1. Nervilia crispata Schltr. in Schum. & Lauterb. Nachtr. F].
Deutsch. Schutzg. 82 (tn adnot.), mn Engler’s Bot. Jahrb. 45 : 402.
Pogonia crispata Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1: 32. Fl. Jav. Orch.
151, t. 52. Coelogyne javanica Lindl. Fol. Orch. 17.

Parawayn, Taytay, E. D. Merrill 9288, May 8, 1913. In forests on dry
slopes under Ficus. Sepals pale green, labellum white, stems leafless at an-
thesis, pale green, sheaths pale green. Seen only in three places, few plants
in each place. After pollination flower nodding. Leaf green, round cordate,
nine-lobed, appearing after flower stalk has withered.

Also from India and New Guinea.

2. Nervilia dilatata Schltr. in Engler’s Bot. Jahrb. 45 : 402.
Pogonia dilatata Bl. Fl. Jav. Orch. 127, t. 10, fig. 4. Ames Or-
CHIDACEZ 1: 66.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Sablan, 4. D. E. Elmer 6259, April 18,
1914.
Also reported from Borneo.

3. Nervilia discolor Schltr. in Engler’s Bot. Jahrb. 45 : 403.
Pogonia discolor B/. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1:32. P. pudica Ames
ORCHIDACE 2: 44,

Mrinpanao, District of Davao, FE. B. Copeland 427, March 10,1904 (type
of P. pudica). Luzon, Laguna Province, 4. D. E. Elmer s.n. April, 1906;
Los Banos, Elmer 8180, April, 1906;Mount Maquiling, W. H. Brown
Bur. Sci. 17917, May 10, 1913; Province of Batangas, F. Tamesis For.
Bur. 21501, May 6, 1910, on hillsides, 350 meters altitude; Bontoc
Subprovince, Bauco, Father M. Vanoverbergh 459, May 1, 1910, Vanover-
bergh 1460, June 24, 1912. Vanoverbergh 1201, May 5, 1911, on grassy
slopes.

Also reported from Java.

4. Nervilia Arogoana Gaudich. in Freyc. Voy. Bot. 422, t. 35.
Pogonia flabelliformis Lindl. in Wall Cat. no. 7400. P. Nervilia
Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1:32. P. gracilis Bl. Fl. Orch. Jav. 129,
t. 57.

Luzon, Zambales Province, Henry Sandkuhl s.n. 1910; Laguna Prov-
ince, Mount Maquiling, W. H. Brown Bur. Sci. 17915, May 10, 1913,

[ 23 |

ORCHIDACEA

50 meters altitude. Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mary Strong’
Clemens 546, May, 1906.
Also reported from India-Samoa.

15. STEREOSANDRA Bil.
A small genus containing two described species. Stereosandra
pendula Kranzl. in Schmidt Fl. Koh Chang is a native of Klong
Son. The following is the only representative of the genus in the
Philippines.

1. Stereosandra javanica Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 2: 176.'This
species has also been reported from Java and Singapore. It is very
rare, and difficult to find.

Minpanao, Luzon.

16. DIDYMOPLEXIS Griff.
This is a small genus of about eleven species, natives of Java,
New Guinea, Borneo, Formosa, New Caledonia, the Himalayas,
Malay Peninsula, Christmas Island, and Samoa.

1. Didymoplexis pallens Gr2ff- Calcutt. Journ. Nat. Hist. 4:
383, t.17. This species has been found in Formosa, Java, Perak,
Calcutta, and Sikkim.

Luzon, under bamboos.

2. Didymoplexis phihppinensis sp. nov. Herba terrestris, gra-
cilis, usque ad 7 dm. alta, aphylla. Racemus multiflorus, 5-8 cm.
longus. Bractez inflorescentiz squamiformes. Pedicellus gracilis,
cum ovario usque ad 1.5 cm. longus. Flores circiter 5 mm. longi.
Sepalum intermedium oblongum, obtusum, cum petalis conna-
tum. Sepala lateralia in labium semi-2-fidum plus minus connata.
Labellum trilobatum, ad basim cuneatum, lobi laterales quam
lobus medius multo majores, vix 3 mm. longi, ad apicem circi-
ter 2 mm. lati, obtusi. Lobus medius triangulus, obtusus, 1 mm.
longus; per medium labellum carina longitudinalis orta; prope

[ 24 ]

ORCHIDACEA

basim callus bilobus stat. Columna crassa, basi in pedum brevem

producta.

The free portion of the upper sepal and petals is about 3 mm.
long. The obtuse petals are 3.5 mm. wide. From base of column to
the tip of the middle lobe, the labellum is about 4.5 mm. long.
The keel, which extends from the tip of the middle lobe to about
the middle of the disc, is only slightly elevated. The callus near
the base of the labellum is fleshy and distinctly two-lobed.

Didymoplexis philippinensis is very distinct from D. pallens,
the only other Philippine species, in having a three-lobed label-
lum.

The three-lobed labellum of D. philippinensis is an interesting
development. Dr. Schlechter has described two species from New
Guinea which also have the labellum three-lobed.

Luzon, Camarines Province, Mount Isarog, M. Ramos Bur. Sci. 22083,
December 7, 1913. Altitude 54 meters. Leyte, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0362,
March 17, 1904. Sepals brown, petals brown and white, labellum white and
yellow. Mr. Wenzel’s specimen is more slender than the type and about
3 dm. tall.

17. GASTRODIA R&. Br.
About fifteen species have been described. The genus is repre-
sented in Formosa, Ceylon, Java, Australia, New Guinea, Suma-
tra, Japan, China, Tibet, New Zealand, and the Himalayas. (Cf.
Engler’s Bot. Jahrb. 45 : 409.)

1. Gastrodia javanica Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 384. Epiphanes
javanica Bl. Bijdr. 421.

Leyte, PaLawan.
Also from Java.

18. SPIRANTHES L. C. Rich.
Spiranthes is represented in both hemispheres. Probably one

[ 25 ]

ORCHIDACE

hundred and eighty species are valid. Spiranthes sinensis as at
present understood is a polymorphic species which has been
reported from Japan, China, Siberia, Afghanistan, India, Sunda
Islands, New Guinea, Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand. A
critical study of specimens throughout the range may reéstab-
lish a few of the segregates which have been described. It must
not be overlooked, however, that several species of the genus,
which have been critically examined, not only extend over a vast
territory, but appear to adapt themselves to a wide range of
climatic and soil conditions.

1. Spiranthes sinensis Ames OrcHIDACE 2:53. Neottia si-
nensis Persoon Syn.2: 511. For amore detailed synonymy Ames
ORCHIDACE# (2:58) should be consulted.

Luzon, Minpanao.

19. GOODYERA R. Br.
About sixty species have been described. For a discussion of
nomenclatorial details reference should be made to the Philip-
pine Journal of Science (VIII, no. 6, Sec. C, 409). Six species
have been reported from the Philippines.

1. Goodyera clausa Schltr. in Engler’s Bot. Jahrb. 45 : 392.
Kpipactis clausa Haton ex Ames ORCHIDACE 8: 41, t. 38.

Luzon, NEcRos.

2. Goodyera luzonensis sp. nov. Herba epiphytica, 12 cm. alta,
foliosa, succulenta. Folia ovato-lanceolata, ad apicem attenuata,
ad basim rotundata, in petiolum abrupte contracta, lamina +3 cm.
longa, usque ad 1.5 cm. lata, valde acuta, in sicco membrana-
cea; petiolus infra laminam linearis, prope basim dilatatus, caulem
cingens, usque ad 2 cm. longus. Bractez inflorescentiz lineari-
triangulares, acuta, usque ad 1 cm. longe, flores excedentes,
ad margines pubescentes. Racemus 5 cm. longus. Flores subcer-

[ 26 ]

ORCHIDACE

nui, albidi, circiter 3 mm. longi, subglobosi, pubescentes. Sepala
lateralia ovata, acuta, distincte uninervia, 2.5 mm. longa, prope
basim 1.5 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale cum petalis supra gyno-
stemium fornicato-conglutinatum, 2 mm. longum. Petala ine-
qualiter oblanceolata, 2.5 mm. longa, supra medium .5 mm. lata.
Labellum sessile, rotundato-ovatum, ventricosum, intus pubes-
cens, ad apicem acuminato-acutum, 2.5 mm. longum. Gynoste-
mium breve; rostellum bifidum.

Goodyera luzonensis is related to G. reticulata Bl. and G. pusilla
BL., from both of which it is clearly distinct. G. ameena Schltr.
from Celebes is a very near ally. I have only seen two specimens
among the collections which I have examined.

Luzon, Laguna Province, Mount Banajao, E. D. Merrill 7488, February
19, 1911. On prostrate log in forest, + 6000 feet above sea level. Whole
plant somewhat flesh colored, very little green in some leaves. Only one
plant seen; F. W. Foxworthy Bur. Sci. 2465, March 24, 1914. On bark of
trees, 1450 meters altitude.
3. Goodyera philippinensis Schltr. in Engler’s Bot. Jahrb. 45:
392. Epipactis philippinensis 4 mes ORCHIDACE 2 : 60.

Luzon.

4. Goodyera Ramosii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 409.

Mrinpanao.

5. Goodyera rubicunda Lindl. Bot. Reg. (1839) Misc. p. 61;
Gen. & Sp. Orch. 493; Journ. Linn. Soc. 1: 184, excl. syn.

Mrypanao, Necros.
Also from Celebes, Java, and Perak.

6. Goodyera viridiflora Bl. Fl. Jav. Orch. 34, t. 9 (C), fig. 2.

Minpanao, NEGRos.,
Also from Java.

[ 27 J

ORCHIDACEA

20. LEPIDOGYNE Bi.
Probably not more than three species have been recognized. Of
these only one is a native of the Philippines.

1. Lepidogyne longifolia Bl. Fl. Jav. Orch. 94, t. 25. Neottia
longifolia Bl. Bijdr. 406. L. sceptrum Schltr. and L. minor Schltr.
are natives of New Guinea.

Leyte, Nreros.
Also from Java.

21. DICKROSTYLIS Bi.
If Dr. R. Schlechter’s views are adopted, the species which I
have referred to Hylophila Lindl. should be placed in Dicero-
stylis. Dicerostylis and Hylophila have been differently treated
by different authors.

1. Dicerostylis rubra Sch/tr. in Engler’s Bot. Jahrb. 45 : 392.
Hylophila rubra Ames ORCHIDACE 2:65.

Mrnporo, Sipuyan.

2. Dicerostylis lanceolata Bl. Fl. Jav. Orch. 98, t. 38. A single
specimen deposited in the herbarium of the Bureau of Science at
Manila is the only material from the Philippines which I have seen
that is referable to D. lanceolata. 'This is a more robust species
than D. rubra, with a spicate raceme 13 cm. long; flowers whitish.

Baranes Istanps, Santo Domingo de Basco, Eugenio Fenix Bur. Sci.
3781, June 8, 1907. In mossy forest near Mount 'Traya. Flowers white and
yellow.

22. ERYTHRODES Bil.'
Erythrodes until recently has been included in Physurus L. C.

1 The following changes in the nomenclature of several American species becomes necessary:
1. Physurus polygonatus Ames Orcu. 2: 259 = Erythrodes polygonata comb. nov. 2. Physu-
rus purpureus 4mes Orcu. 2:259 = Erythrodes purpurea comb. nov. 3. Physurus secundus
Ames Orcu. 2: 260 = Erythrodes secunda comb. nov. 4. Physurus venustulus Ames Orcn.
2:260 = Erythrodes venustula comb. nov. The following according to specimens in my her-
barium should be referred to Erythrodes: 5. Physurus longicornu Cogn. Bull. Soc. Roy. Belg.
43: 298 = Erythrodes longicornu comb. nov. 6. Physurus pictus Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch.

[ 28 ]

ORCHIDACEA

Rich. According to geographical distribution the species of Ery-
throdes as understood by Dr. R. Schlechter are confined to the
eastern hemisphere and are in part distinguished by the bilobed
sac or spur of the labellum. Physurus L. C. Rich. in Mém. Mus.
Par. 4: 55 (1815) is a nomen nudum, consequently the name Ery-
throdes must be adopted for the genus. If Schlechter’s views
are upheld and we regard a bilobed spur in connection with
geographical distribution sufficient characterization for a genus,
then it becomes necessary to make nomenclatorial changes. But
it seems best to assign to Erythrodes all the species that have
been valid under Physurus, and to disregard the segregation pro-
posed by Schlechter.

1. Erythrodes Merrillii Ames OrcuHipace& 3:79, t. 54. Her-
pysma Merrillii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2: 313.

Minporo.

2. Erythrodes vrydagzynotdes sp. nov. Herba terrestris 20 cm.
alta, rhizomate decumbente. Folia succulenta, alterna, superne
infra inflorescentiam conferta, lanceolata, acuta, usque ad 4.5
em. longa, + 1 cm. lata, erecto-patentia, petiolata. Petioli basi
brevi vaginante caulem cingentes, + 1 cm. longi. Flores albi in
racemo denso dispositi. Caulis sub racemum pubescens. Race-
mus 2—4 cm. longus, circiter 1 cm. in diametro, bracteatus, brac-
teis lanceolatis, usque ad 5 mm. longis. Sepala lateralia lanceo-
lata, carinata, prasertim ad apicem, 3 mm. longa, circiter 1.5 mm.
lata, ad apicem cucullata. Sepalum dorsale petalis adherens,
lineari-oblongum, obtusum, uninervium, 3 mm. longum, circi-
ter 1 mm. latum. Petala inzqualiter spathulata, obtusa, uni-
nervia, 8 mm. longa, circiter 1 mm. lata. Labellum in calcar

504 = Erythrodes picta comb. nov. 7. Physurus querceticola Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 505 =
Erythrodes querceticola comb. nov. 8. Physurus Sagreanus A. Rich. in Sagra Fl. Cub. 11:
253, t. 88 = Hrythrodes Sagreana comb. nov. 9. Physurus vaginatus Hook. f. Icones, t. 449 =
Erythrodes vaginata comb. nov.

[ 29 ]

ORCHIDACEAE

leviter retusum productum; lamina margine involuta, oblique
ascendens, semi-elliptica, ad apicem rotundata, ad medium 1 mm.
lata, disco glabro, vix 2 mm. longa, cum margine involuto.
Calear circiter 2 mm. longum, ad apicem vix retusum, postice
subtiliter apiculatum, intus glabrum. Gynostemium vix 2 mm.
longum.

Ingeneral habit dried specimens of Hrythrodes vrydagzynoides
resemble Vrydagzynea albida Bl. The spur is scarcely bifid at
the tip as in typical specimens of the genus as represented in
the tropics of the Old World. There are no warts or callosities
within the spur and no excrescences on the disc. The margin
of the limb is strongly inrolled. In dried specimens the leaves
appear to have been marked with a white median band.

Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 0150, June 18, 1913. Wenzel 0225, Sep-
tember 29, 1913. In forest. Sixty meters altitude.

3. Erythrodes Weberi sp. nov. Herba terrestris, gracilis, cir-
citer 1.5 dm. alta, pars foliosa caulis circiter 6 cm. longa, succu-
lenta. Folia 6-7, inequaliter ovato-lanceolata, acuta, in sicco char-
tacea, in petiolum contracta, lamina usque ad 5 cm. longa, cir-
citer 2.5 cm. lata; petioli basi brevi vaginante, caulem cingentes,
+ 2 cm. longi. Scapus erectus, gracilis, pubescens, bracteatus, 12
cm. longus, bracteis subarcte adpressis, acutis. Flores in racemo
sublaxo dispositi. Racemus 6 cm. longus, pubescens. Pedicellus
cum ovario pubescens, circiter 9 mm. longus. Bractezx flores
subtendentes lanceolata, acute, pubescentes, circiter 8 mm.
longe. Sepala lateralia lanceolata, acuta, trinervia, 4.5 mm. longa,
1.75 mm. lata, extus pubescentia. Sepalum dorsale concavum,
4.5 mm. longum, petalis adherens, lanceolatum, extus pubes-
cens. Petala ad apicem coherentia, oblanceolata, 4 mm. longa,
vix 1 mm. lata, uninervia. Labellum breviter subpanduriforme

[ 30 ]

ORCHIDACEA

in saccum bilobum productum; pars labelli subpanduriformis
2.5 mm. longa, 2 mm. lata. Saccum vix 4 mm. longum. Gyno-
stemium 8 mm. longum; rostellum bifidum.

Erythrodes Weberi is a near ally of H. Wenzelii, from which
it differs chiefly in the smaller flowers. The sac is not so deeply
bilobed as in #. Wenzeli, but too much reliance cannot be placed
on this character, as flowers from the same raceme are likely
to show wide differences in the apex of the sac.

Minpanao, Province of Agusan, C..M. Weber 156 A, July 14, 1911. Ter-
restrial in shady forest. Flowers brownish green, labellum white. Altitude
10 meters. Lake Lanao, Mary Strong Clemens s.n.

4. Erythrodes Wenzelu sp. nov. Herba terrestris, 3.4 dm. alta.
Rhizoma repens. Pars foliosa caulis circiter 8 em. longa, succu-
lenta. Folia circiter 7, ineequaliter ovato-lanceolata, acuta, in sicco
chartacea, in petiolum contracta; lamina usque ad 6 cm. longa,
2.5 cm. lata; petioli basi brevi vaginante, caulem cingentes, + 2
em. longi,in sicco totum folium flavidum. Scapus vel pars aphylla
caulis erectus, pubescens, bracteatus, circiter 1.5 dm. longus,
bracteis subarcte adpressis, acutis, 1.5—2.5 cm. longis, scariosis.
Flores in racemo sublaxo dispositi. Racemus plus 5.5 cm. longus,
pubescens. Pedicellus cum ovario glandulosi-pubescens, circiter
9 mm. longus. Bractez flores subtendentes lanceolate, acumi-
nate, acutz, pubescentes, vix 1 cm. longi. Sepala lateralia lan-
ceolata, acuta, pubescentia, 5 mm. longa, circiter 2 mm. lata.
Sepalum dorsale lanceolatum, pubescens, ad basim concavius-
culum, petalis adherens, circiter 5 mm. longum, vix 2 mm. la-
tum. Petala ad apicem coherentia, circiter 4 mm. longa, ine-
qualiter spathulata, uninervia, obtusa, glabra. Labellum sacca-
tum, limbus panduratus, 4.5 mm. longus, circiter 3 mm. latus, ad
constrictionem vix 2 mm. latus. Saccus curvatus, ad apicem

[ 31 |

ORCHIDACE#

profunde bilobulatus, 4.5 mm. longus. Gynostemium 4 mm.
longum; rostellum bifidum.

This is a smaller species than Hrythrodes Merrill, well char-
acterized by its very different labellum. I have seen two speci-
mens from Palawan (Merrill 7218), which appear to be represen-
tatives of this species.

Leyts, C. A. Wenzel s.n. 1913.

23. KUHLHASSELTIA J. J. Smith.

Sepals and petals free, connivent, upper sepal conglutinated with
the petals. Lateral sepals completely hiding the sac or spur. La-
bellum at the base saccate or calcarate, unguiculate, the sac con-
taining two entire gland-like papilla; unguis fleshy, entire, with
the margin incurved; lamina dilated, subconcave. Gynostemium
on the under side elamellate; clinandrium large, concave, margin
in front on each side produced into a lobe parallel with the rostel-
lum. Anther narrowly oblong. Pollinia 2. Low plants, terrestrial,
stems foliose near the incumbent and rooting base. Leaves ovate,
petiolate. Inflorescence erect, lax, pubescent.

Nearly allied with Cystopus, from which it is distinguished by
the entire margin of the claw of the labellum and the complete
absence of a lamella on the under surface of the gynostemium.

1. Kuhlhasseltia Whiteheadi (Rendle) comb. nov. Zeuxine
Whiteheadi Rendle in Journ. Bot. 34 :358. Kuhlhasseltia Merrillii
Schitr. in Fedde Rep. 9: 437. Hamaria Merrillii Ames in Phil.
Journ. Sci. 2: 315; OrRcHIDACE 8:21, t. 30. From a sketch of
the type of Zeuxine Whiteheadi in my herbarium, kindly pre-
sented to me by Dr. A. B. Rendle, there is no doubt in my mind
but that the synonymy given above represents the correct status
of this species. K. javanica J. J. Smith is a closely allied species.

Minporo, Luzon.

[ 32 ]

ORCHIDACE

24. CYSTORCHIS Bi.
Until recently the genus Cystorchis was known only through
two valid species. At present nine species are recognized, three
of which are natives of the Philippines.

1. Cystorchis aphylla Aid/. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 32 : 400.

Luzon.
Also Java and Malacca.

2. Cystorchis javanica Bl. Fl. Jav. Orch. 87. C. variegata var.
purpurea Fid/. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 32 : 399. Eteria javanica Bl.
Bijdr. 410; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 491.

Mrinpanao, District of Davao, Magaum— Compostela Trail, C. M. Weber
286. In dense forest, 45 meters above sea level. Flower red and green; fruit
light green tinged with red, upper surface of the leaves greenish purple,
lower surface red purple, lamina about 4 cm. long.

3. Cystorchis luzonensis sp.nov. Herba terrestris, gracilis, aff. C.
javanice Bl. sed minor. Rhizoma repens, elongatus. Caules erecti
vel ascendentes. Tota planta usque ad 2.5 dm. alta. Folia 4-10,
ovato-lanceolata, petiolata, chartacea, in sicco margine minute
crenulata, lamina ad basim rotundata, abrupte in petiolum con-
tracta, ad apicem breviter acuminata, valde acuta, 1.5-2.5 cm.
longa, 8-15 mm. lata. Petiolus usque ad 7 mm. longus, vaginans,
superne sulcatus. Internodia usque ad 1 cm. longa. Pedunculus
vel pars aphylla circiter 1.5 dm. longus, pilosus, pilis albidis.
Bractee infra racemum 2-3, ad basim vaginate, subpatentes,
circiter 1 cm. long, acute. Flores in racemo subdenso dispositi.
Pedicellus cum ovario circiter 5 mm. longus. Bractez inflores-
centiz usque ad 5 mm. longa, acute. Sepala lateralia oblonga,
obtusa, sparsim hirsuta, uninervia,7 mm. longa, usque ad 2.5 mm.
lata. Sepalum dorsale lanceolatum, fastigatum, subacutum, 6 mm.
longum, ad basim vix 2 mm. latum, petalis adherens, sparsim
hirsutum. Petala linearia, obtusa, circiter 1 mm. lata. Labellum

[ 33 ]

ORCHIDACEA

erectum, ad basim utrinque in cavitatem vesiculorem inflatum,
intra has expansiones vesiceeformes subtus in calcar breve conico-
obtusum extra sepalorum lateralium basim prominens produc-
tum, limbus lineari-angustatus, marginibus involutis, superne in-
crassatis, ad apicem leviter dilatatus, obtusus. Totum labellum
7 mm. longum, calear circiter 1 mm. longum, utroque appendix
carnosa. Gynostemium 2 mm. longum.

Cystorchis luzonensis is similar to C_ javanica Bl., but smaller.
From the dried specimens the leaves appear to have been tinged
with madder purple. The middle of the limb of the labellum
in dried specimens is brownish. The bladder-like vesicles, one on
each side of the short conical spur, are concealed by the lateral
sepals. Each bladder contains a round wart-like excrescence.
The spur itself protrudes between the lateral sepals.

C. celebica Schlechter is a closely related species, with the tip
of the labellum dilated into a semiorbicular-reniform, obtuse
lobe. My specimens of C. celebica are from 10.5 to 14 em. high,
the aphyllous part of the plant not exceeding 6 cm. in length.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, W. H. Brown Bur. Sci.
17910, March, 19138.

25. CYSTOPUS Bi.
A small genus which has been more or less confused with

Odontochilus, with representatives inJava, Borneo, New Guinea,
Amboina, and New Hebrides.

1. Cystopus mindanaensis sp. nov. Aff. C. pubescenti Bl. Herba
epiphytica foliosa + 1 dm. alta. Rhizoma repens. Folia ovato-
lanceolata, acuta, crenata; lamina usque ad 8 cm. longa, 1-1.5 em.
lata. Petioli caulem cingentes, circiter 1 em. longi, prope basim
lamine constricti. Flores + 4, albidi, circiter 1 cm. longi, approxi-
mati. Bractez inflorescentize pubescentes, quam pedicellus cum

[ $4 ]

ORCHIDACE

ovario breviores, circiter 1 cm. longze. Sepala lateralia oblongi-
ligulata, obtusa, extus pubescentia, inferne circum basim labelli
scrotiformem saccato-connata, superne patentia, circiter 1 cm.
longa, 4 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale cum petalis supra gynoste-
mium fornicato-conglutinatum. Petala anguste lanceolata, ob-
tusa, circiter 8 mm. longa, uninervia. Labellum 1 cm. longum,
medio angustatum ad margines inequaliter dentatum, apice in
limbum 5 mm. latum, 2.5 mm. longum, semiorbicularem dila-
tatum. Calli duo prope basim sacci. Gynostemium breve, apice
in rostellum acuminatum, bidentatum, desinens, antice sub stig-
mate appendicibus binis.

The teeth of the claw of the labellum are mere crenatures,
with obtuse tips. The dilated apical part is obscurely apiculate.

Minpanao, Province of Camaguin, M. Ramos Bur. Sci. 14422, April
22, 1912. On tree-top.

2. Cystopus philippinensis sp. nov. Herba terrestris usque ad
1dm. alta. Caulessucculenti, rhizomate decumbente. Foliaalterna,
ovato-cordata, acuta, apiculata, lamina usque ad 2.5 cm. longa,
1.4 cm. lata, folia infima quam folia suprema minora, circiter 1 cm.
longa; caulis supra folia pubescens. Flores 1-2, permagni, + 2 cm.
longi, albidi, erecti, membranacei. Sepala lateralia oblonga, ob-
tusa, 2 cm. longa, circiter 7 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale petalis
adherens, pubescens, anguste lanceolatum, obtusum, quam se-
pala lateralia angustius, 1.5 cm. longum, circiter 4 mm. latum.
Petala dimidiato-rhombea, acuminata, acuta, utpote valde ine-
quilatera ad latus labello adversum magis producta, 1.5cm. longa,
4mm. lata, supra medium circiter 1 mm. lata. Labellum ungui-
culatum, patulum, in basi scrotiformi-saccatum, callos binos ad-
natos, carnosos occultans, in parte unguiculata canaliculatum,
ad margines utrinque breviter tridentatum, apice dilatatum et

[ 35

ORCHIDACEA

in lobos binos divaricatos subovatos divisum. 'Totum labellum
circiter 2.5 cm. longum, lobi + 7 mm. longi, circiter 6 mm. lati,
leviter crenulati. Dentes labelli circiter 1 mm. longi. Saccus
sepalis lateralibus occultus. Gynostemium 8 mm. longum, sub
stigmate lamellis binis in saccum labelli dependentibus.

Cystopus philippinensis is closely related to C. occultus BI.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Infanta, C. B. Robinson Bur. Sci. 9446,
August 28, 1909. Altitude 1000 meters above sea level.

26. ANGECTOCHILUS Bi.

Wenzel 0286 from Leyte is the only material referable to this
genus that I have seen among the Philippine orchids I have ex-
amined. It is a low plant with three capsules and the withered
remains of the flowers. From dried specimens the leaves appear
to have been reddish beneath, very dark green above veined with
red. From the withered remains of the flowers the generic char-
acteristics of Anoectochilus are discoverable. The closest affinities
appear to be 4. setaceus Bl. and A. Roxburghu Lindl.

27. MACODES Lindi.
A genus of about eight species with one representative in the
Philippine Islands.

1. Macodes Petola Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 497; Reichb. f-
Xenia Orch. 1 : 227,t. 96, figs. 1-5; Blume F 1. Jav. Orch. 109, t. 31,
fig. 2, t. 36 (D).

Several species of Macodes have been reported from the Phil-
ippines, but M. Petola is the only one that I have seen. MZ. Pe-
tola is an addition to my previously published lists.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Mount Binnang, C. B. Robinson Bur. Sci.
9464, August 29,1909. Altitude 300 meters. Flower brown-purple, yellow-
tipped; Laguna Province, Mount Maquiling, M. Ramos Bur. Sci. 13705,
September 13, 1911.

Also found in Java, Singapore, and Malacca.

[ 36 |

ORCHIDACEA
28. CHEIROSTYLIS Bi.

Cheirostylis is not a large genus. About twenty-three species are
known from Formosa, New Guinea, Burma, Ceylon, Java, Siam,
Tenasserim, and Celebes.

1. Cheirostylis octodactyla Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 :314.

Cheirostyls octodactyla was found in dense mossy thickets on
Mount Halcon, Mindoro, 8200 feet above sea level. I have seen
specimens in fruit from Luzon.

Minporo.
2. Cheirostylis philippinensis Ames ORCHIDACE® 2:59.

Luzon.

29. ADENOSTYLIS Bi.

Adenostylis strateumatica is the only Philippine species with an
extra-limital range. Specimens have been collected in Formosa,
China, Assam, Ceylon, India, Java, and Amboina. This is the
species on which Blume founded the genus Adenostylis.

Adenostylis by priority, if we follow the rules of nomenclature
adopted at the Vienna Botanical Congress, is the name of the
genus commonly called Zeuxine.

Adenostyles Cass (Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816) is a genus of the
Compositz, but has no power to eliminate Adenostylis, as the last
clause of Article 57 of the Vienna Code provides for the retention
of generic names when the difference in spelling lies in the ter-
mination, even though the termination differs by one letter only.
The examples given are Rubia and Rubus, Monochete and Mo-
nochetum, Peponia and Peponium, Iria and Iris. In Recommen-
dation xxx under Article 57,cases are cited where names differ in
spelling by one letter in or near the middle, and in such cases it
is recommended that the older name should be kept. Pluripeta-
lum and Pluropetalum is one of the examples given. Here might

[ 37 J

ORCHIDACEAE

be added Coryanthes and Corysanthes, genera of the Orchidacez
which are retained notwithstanding a perplexing similarity in
their spelling. According to this recommendation it might be
supposed that the point could be stretched so that Adenostylis
(1825) should yield to Adenostyles (1816), and that Zeuxine,
a generic name now preferred by authors for the species of Ade-
nostylis, should be kept in force, but in view of the very clear
and precise wording of Article 57 of the Vienna Code and the
examples given, it would seem that personal preference has
no weight in choosing the best course to follow, and that Adeno-
stylis, which differs from Adenostyles in its termination only,
must stand. Article 57 is here given in full:

Art. 57. The original spelling of a name must be retained except
in case of a typographic or orthographic error. When the dif-
ference between two names, especially two generic names, lies in
the termination, these are to be regarded as distinct even though
differing by one letter only.’

Examples: Rubia and Rubus, Monochete and Monochetum,
Peponia and Peponium, Iria and Iris.

Recommendations.

xxx. The liberty of making orthographic corrections must be
used with reserve, especially if the change affects the first syllable,
and above all the first letter of a name.

xxx1I. Many names differ by a single letter without risk of
confusion (ex. Durvillea and Urvillea). In cases where a close ap-
proach to identity is a source of error (Astrostemma and Aster-
ostemma in one and the same family, Asclepiadacez, Pleuripeta-
lum and Pleuropetalum in Orchidacez), only one, the older,
of the names should be kept, in accordance with Article 51, 4°.

1Italics are mine.

[ 38 ]

ORCHIDACE#

1. Adenostylis benguetensis 4 mes in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil.
Bot. 5:1551.

Luzon.

2. Adenostylis Elmeri 4 mes in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil. Bot.
ae Reva y

Luzon, PALawan.

3. Adenostylis leytensis sp. nov. Herba terrestris, gracilis, + 1 dm.
alta, succulenta. Folia lanceolata, acuta; lamina usque ad 2 cm.
longa, circiter 5 mm. lata, in petiolum contracta. Petiolus ad ba-
sim vaginans, circiter 1 cm. longus. Bractez infra racemum scari-
ose, valde acute. Caulis sparse pubescens. Racemus usque ad 5
em. longus, subdensus. Bractez inflorescentiz lanceolata, acumi-
natz, acute, flores aquantes, ad margines fimbriato-pubescentes.
Flores parvuli, globosi, circiter 3mm. longi. Sepala lateralia3 mm.
longa, 1.75 mm. lata, ovato-lanceolata, acuta. Sepalum dorsale
cum petalis supra gynostemium fornicato-conglutinatum. Petala
inzqualiter lanceolata, uninervia, circiter 3 mm. longa. Labellum
ad basim saccatum, 2.5 mm. longum, saccus subglobosus, 1 mm.
altus, intus processu subulato utroque, apex labelli in laminam
orbiculari-triangularem circiter 1 mm. latam, dilatatus. Gynoste-
mium circiter 2 mm. longum.

The labellum is not unlike that of Adenostylis stratewmatica
Ames. A. leytensisis a slender species which is readily distinguish-
able from A. strateumatica by the form of the leaves.

Leyte, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0349, March 12, 1904. Terrestrial in forest.

Sepals green, petals white, lip white. Altitude 500 meters.

4. Adenostylis luzonensis 4mes ORCHIDACE# 2:57.

Luzon, Minporo.

5. Adenostylis marivelensis Ames ORCHIDACE® 2:58.

Luzon, NEGRos.

[ 39 ]

ORCHIDACEAE

6. Adenostylis strateumatica Ames ORCHIDACEA 2:59. Or-
chis strateumatica L. Fl. Zeyl. 150. Zeuxine integerrima Lindl.
Gen. & Sp. Orch. 486.

Minpanao.
Also Formosa, China, Assam, Ceylon, India, Java, and Amboina.

7. Adenostylis Vanoverberghii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8:
408.

Luzon.

8. Adenostylis Webert sp. nov. Rhizoma succulentum, ad no-
dos radicans. Caules + 3 dm. alti, succulenti, supra pubescentes.
Folia prope medium caulem conferta. Bases foliorum vaginate,
scariose, ample. Lamina inequaliter, ovato-lanceolata, acuta,
subtus purpurascens, 4-8 cm. longa, usque ad 4.5 cm. lata, in
sicco valde membranacea. Racemus usque ad 7 cm. longus, laxi-
florus pubescens. Bractez inflorescentize purpurascentes, lanceo-
late, acute, circiter 8 mm. longz. Flores + 15, extus virescenti-
purpurei, intus albidi. Pedicelli, ut videtur, nulli. Ovartum 5 mm.
longum, glabrum. Sepala lateralia, ovata, acuta, uninervia, 4mm.
longa, vix 3 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala dimidiato-
obovata, obtusa, uninervia, 4 mm. longa, prope apicem 2.75 mm.
lata. Labellum vix 5 mm. longum, crassum, concavum, trilo-
batum, lobi laterales rotundati, lobus medius 1.5 mm. longus,
1.5 mm. latus, quadratus, ad apicem rotundatus, non bilobus, in
disco callus prope medium labelli stat; basis labelli saccum non
altum formans, intus utroque processu cuneiformi.

Adenostylis Weberi in general habit resembles 4. Vanover-
berghu Ames, but the details of the labellum are characteristic.
The processes or calli near the base of the labellum are cunei-
form, flattened, and at the broadened end several, and finely,
lobed.

[ 40 ]

ORCHIDACEA
Minpanao, District of Davao, Mount Binatun, C. M. Weber 280, No-

vember 2, 1911. Terrestrial among damp leaves in bamboo forest, alti-

tude above sea level 1750 feet.

9. Adenostylis Wenzelu sp. nov. Herba terrestris, usque ad 6.6
dm. alta, rhizomate ascendente, cauliforme, radicibus flexuosis,
villosis; caule infra medium foliato, tereti, glabro, supra vaginu-
lis paucis, distantibus, bracteiformibus obsesso, glanduloso-puber-
ulo. Folia erecto-patentia, oblique lanceolata, acuminata, utrinque
attenuata, membranacea, petiolata, petiolo basi dilatata vaginante,
lamina usque ad 1.5 dm. longa, 1.5-3.5 cm. lata. Petiolus circiter
3 cm. longus. Racemus circiter 2 dm. longus, multifiorus, glandu-
loso-puberulus. Bractez inflorescentiz lanceolate + 2 cm. longe,
acute, patentes. Flores albidi. Ovarium glanduloso-pubescens.
Sepala lateralia lanceolata, acuta, extus glanduloso-pubescentia,
intus glabra, 1.5-1.8 cm. longa, 5 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale
lanceolatum, concavum, cum petalis galeam formans. Petala ob-
longi-lanceolata, membranacea, glabra, obtusa, circiter 1.5 cm.
longa, supra medium 3.5 mm. lata. Labellum 1.4 cm. longum,
saccatum, lamina usque ad medium oblonga, circiter 5 mm. lata,
antice breviter pectinata vel dentata, in disco bilamellata, supra
medium in unguem 3 mm. longum, 1.5 mm. latum contracta,
ad apicem in lobum triangulum dilatata. Saccus scrotiformis,
circiter 4 mm. longus, intus, utrinque, aliquot squamis ornatus.
Gynostemium elongatum, 1.3 cm. longum.

The labellum is saccate, with about twelve flattened scales or
hairs on either side within. The lamina of the labellum is broad
where it joins the sac, somewhat oblong in outline, and above
the middle suddenly contracted into a narrow claw which ter-
minates in a subtriangular blade; the lamina just in front of the
claw is pectinate fringed on the margin.

Dr. R. Schlechter, who has kindly examined a specimen, re-

[ 41 ]

ORCHIDACEA#

gards A. Wenzelu as a near relative of Zeuxine elatior Schltr.
and Z. argentea Schltr., natives of New Guinea. From both of
these species Adenostyhs Wenzeli is distinct in its much larger
flowers and in the processes on each side of the sac of thelabellum.
Leyte, Dagami, C. 4. Wenzel 0210, July 21, 1913. Terrestrial in for-
est, 60 meters above sea level. Flowers white; Ormoc, Wenzel 0119, April
28, 1913. Terrestrial in forested foothills, 200 meters above sea level.
Flowers white.
380. MYRMECHIS B1.
1. Myrmechis gracilis Bl. Fl. Jav. Orch. 64, t. 21, fig. 2.

Minporo, Minpanao, Luzon.

2. Myrmechis philippinensis_4 mes ORCHIDACE# 2 : 64. Aspect
of M. japonica.

Luzon.
Also a native of Java and Japan.

31. VRYDAGZYNEA Bl.
Twenty or more species are recognized. Of this number about
twelve are natives of New Guinea.
1. Vrydagzynea albida Bl. Fl. Jav. Orch. 62, t. 19, fig. 2.
Luzon, Mrnpanao, Leyte, Minporo, NEcRos.
Also from German New Guinea, Java, Perak, Sumatra, and Singapore.
2. Vrydagzynea Weberi sp. nov. Herba terrestris 1.5 dm. alta,
gracilis. Rhizoma succulentum ad nodos radicans. Caules erecti,
foliosi, supra folia pubescentes. Folia ovato-lanceolata, acuta, ad
basim rotundata, supra vix decrescentia, 1.5—4 cm. longa, usque
ad 1.5 cm. lata, in sicco membranacea, glabra. Petioli graciles, va-
ginati, ad basim ampli, circiter 1 cm. longi, sulcati. Bractez infra
racemum vaginate, 1-2. Racemum densiflores, seepe laxiflorus
usque ad 3 cm. longus. Bractez flores subtendentes ovato-lance-
olatz, acutz, pubescentes, circiter 6 mm. longz. Sepala lateralia

oblonga, obtusa, uninervia, 4.5 mm. longa, circiter 2 mm. lata.
[ 42 ]

ORCHIDACEA

Sepalum dorsale lanceolatum cum petala galeam formans, 4 mm.
longum, uninervium. Petala oblongi-lanceolata, obtusa, uni-
nervia, 4 mm. longa, circiter 1 mm. lata. Labellum sessile, subtus
obtuse calcaratum, in calcar inflato semipellucido binis glandulis
breviter pedicellatis ellipsoideis dependentibus; limbus oblongus,
obtusus, margine involutus, in disco papilloso-puberulus. Calcar
3.5 mm. longum. Limbus labelli 4 mm. longus. Gynostemium

circiter 3 mm. longum.

The flowers are not unlike Vrydagzynea albida, but the habit
of the plant is distinctive, the leaves and stems suggesting Cys-
torchis gavanica Bl.

Minpanao, C. M. Weber 333.

382. HETARIA Bi.
About twenty-five species have been recorded, distributed over
a wide range which includes Java, Perak, Upper Assam, Borneo,
Malacca, Ceylon, New Guinea, Tenasserim, Singapore, Burma,
Himalaya, Samoa, Tahiti, Penang, etc.

1. Heteria Blacku sp. nov. Rhizoma longe repens, circiter
2 mm. in diametro. Caulis ascendens, gracilis. Tota planta cir-
citer 18 cm. alta. Folia petiolata infra medium caulem disposita,
inequaliter lanceolata, acuminata, acuta, lamina 5—7 cm. longa,
usque ad 2.5 cm. lata, infra medium, ad basim, rotundata. Peti-
olus gracilis ad basim vaginatus, 2-3 cm. longus. Bractez infra
racemum 4, lanceolata, acute, 8-10 mm. longz. Racemus laxi-
florus, 5.5 cm. longus, circiter 1 cm. in diametro, pubescens. Brac-
tee inflorescentiz, flores subtendentes, lanceolate, acutze, pubes-
centes, + 5mm. long, concave, infra medium racemi flores ex-
cedentes, pedicellus subnullus, cum ovario circiter 5 mm. longus.
Sepala lateralia ovato-lanceolata, uninervia, membranacea, acuta,

concaviuscula, subpatentia, deflexa, 4 mm. longa, circiter 2.5 mm.
[ 43 ]

ORCHIDACE

lata, extus sparse pubescentia. Sepalum dorsale erectum, con-
cavum, cum petalis galeam formans, ovatum acutum, margine
leviter involuta, uninervium vix 3 mm. latum, vix 4 mm. longum,
extus sparse pubescens. Petala membranacea, ineequaliter ovato-
elliptica, uninervia, 3.5 mm. longa, 2 mm. lata, glabra. Labellum
breviter saccatum, 3.5 mm. longum, trilobatum, supra medium,
lobi laterales membranacei, rotundati, vix 1 mm. longi, 1 mm.
lati (erecti?). Lobus medius quadratus, valde obtusus, 1 mm.
longus, 1 mm. latus. In disco callus inconspicuus, ad basim utro-
que callus cuneatus complanatus, carnosus, .5 mm. longus, ad
apicem .75 mm. latus. Gynostemium generis.

This species is represented by a single specimen in the herba-
rium of the Bureau of Science at Manila. The leaves appear to
have been dark green above, and dull red beneath. No notes about
the color of the flowers were made by the collector. From the
dried specimens the sepals appear to have been purplish, the
petals and lobes of the labellum whitish.

Minpanao, District of Davao, Rev. R. F. Black s.n. 1912.

2. Heteria lancifolhum sp. nov. Herba terrestris, usque ad 3.5
dm. alta. Rhizoma succulentum ad nodos radicans. Caules as-
cendentes, graciles, sparsim pilosi, usque ad medium foliosi, su-
pra folios pauci-bracteati, bracteis tubularibus, acutis. Folia + 6, pe-
tiolata, anguste lanciformia, acuta, apiculata, subtus purpurascens,
lamina usque ad 6.5 cm. longa, usque ad 1.4 cm. lata, membrana-
cea. Petiolus ad basim vaginans, prope laminam folii gracilis, cir-
citer 1.5 cm. longus. Flores albidi et purpureo-viridi + 5 in racemo
laxo dispositi. Racemus 3.5 cm. longus. Bractez flores subtenden-
tes lanceolatee, acuminate, acute, sparsim pilosi, + 6 mm. long,
erecta. Sepala lateralia glabra, oblonga, obtusa, 5 mm. longa, vix
2 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale cum petalis supra gynostemium for-

[ 44 ]

ORCHIDACE

nicato-conglutinatum ad basim valde concavum. Petala semi-
ovata, acuminata, circiter 4.5 mm. longa. Labellum ad basim sac-
catum, 5 mm. longum, apex labelli in laminam 4 mm. latam, vix
2 mm. longam, transverse oblongam dilatatus. Saccus semi-glo-
bosus, intus processu 2,subulato, utroque. Gynostemium generis.

Minpanao, Apayo Subprovince, C. M. Weber 327, January 25, 1912.

Terrestrial in forest. Altitude 76.2 meters.

3. Heteria mindanaensis sp. nov. Rhizoma succulentum ad
nodos radicans. Caules cum racemo circiter 2.3 dm. alti, pubes-
centes. Folia conferta, inzequaliter lanceolata supra decrescentia,
in sicco membranacea, acuta. Bases foliorum vaginate, ample.
Petioli graciles; lamina foliorum 3-7 cm. longa, usque ad 2 cm.
lata. Racemus laxiflorus, elongatus, + 1 dm. longus. Flores vires-
centi-purpurei, 14-30, inter minores generis, circiter 3-4 mm.
longi, glabri, pedicellus ut videtur nullus, cum ovario + 6 mm.
longus, pubescens. Bractez flores subtendentes triangulari-lan-
ceolate, longe acuminate, valde acute, pubescentes, ad basim
concavum, +5 mm. longum. Bractez infra raceemum simile usque
ad 1 em. longe. Sepala lateralia oblongi-lanceolata, subacuta,
circiter 4 mm. longa, vix 2 mm. lata, concaviuscula, uninervia.
Sepalum dorsale angustius, cum petala galeam formans. Petala
dimidiato ovata, acuminata, acuta, uninervia, 3.5 mm. longa,
circiter 2 mm. lata. Labellum vix 4 mm. longum, valde con-
cavum, ad apicem, in lobum reniforme dilatatum, circiter 2 mm.
latum, intus utroque processibus duobus unciformis.

The labellum suggests Adenostylis strateumatica (.) Ames,
but otherwise there is no close relationship between the two
species.

Minpanao, Province of Agusan, Sangaan, Cabadbaran Trail, C. M. Weber
317, December 11, 1911. Terrestrial in shady forest, 22 meters above sea
level.

[ 45 ]

ORCHIDACEA

4. Heteria oblongifolia Bl. Fl. Jav. Orch. 85, t. 32, fig. 3 (ef.
ORCHIDACE 2 : 62, 63).

Luzon, Necros, Patawan, Batasac, MInDANao.
Also Java, Moluccas, German New Guinea.

5. Heteria Wenzeli sp. nov. Herba terrestris, usque ad 35 cm.
alta, usque ad medium foliata. Folia anguste lanceolata, paulatim
acuminata, valde acuta, in sicco membranacea, 2.5-6 cm. longa,
circiter 1.5 cm. lata, petiolata; petiolus usque ad 13 mm. longus,
ad basim vaginans, infundibuliformis, inter laminam foliorum et
vaginam contractus. Pars aphylla caulium circiter 2 dm. longa,
sparsim villosa, bracteis 3. Bracteze infimz tubulares, vel oblique
infundibuliformes, in apicem valde acutum productz. Flores
+12 in racemo laxo dispositi. Bractez inflorescentiz lanceolate,
ad basim concave, infime pedunculum cum ovario excedentes
vel zquantes, circiter 8 mm. longz, sparsim villosz. Sepala lat-
eralia ovato-lanceolata, acuta minute puberula, 6 mm. longa,
2.5 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale ovato-lanceolatum paulatim acu-
minatum, acutum, ad basim concaviusculum, extus minute
puberulum, vix 7 mm. longum, petalis adherens. Petala 7 mm.
longa, supra medium linearia, 1 mm. longa, infra medium semi-
orbicularia. Labellum saccatum; limbus, marginibus involutis,
superne incrassatis, in lobos triangulos expansus, apiculatus.
Totum labellum 6 mm. longum; lobi 4 mm. longi, ad basim
2mm. lati, paulatim acuminati. Saccus scrotiformis, intus utrin-
que callus tridigitatus. Gynostemium 3 mm. longum. Ovarium
sparsim hirsutum.

Heteria Wenzel is related rather closely to H. lamellata
Bl., from which it differs in habit and in having within the sae
of the labellum only one series of calli on each side. The three
divisions of the calli are slenderly conical. The apical lobes of the

[ 46 ]

ORCHIDACE

labellum form a transverse plate 8 mm. long from tip to tip
and are very slightly reflexed. In front the labellum is furnished
with a triangular apiculate point.

Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 0227, July 10,1913. In forest, 60 meters

above sea level. Flowers white and pink.

33. TROPIDIA Lind.

Among the collections made for the Bureau of Science at Manila
there are several specimens of this genus in fruit or incomplete
that may represent additions to the Philippine flora. Tropidia sep-
temnervis Reichb. f. (Ptychochilus septemnervis Schauer) is known
to me only from the plate in Meyen’s Beitrage. Here 7. minor
may belong. 7. curculigoides Lindl. is cited by Naves. This species
is a native of Java, Borneo, and Malacca. It is not improbable
that Naves referred specimens, represented by one of the four
species in the following list, wrongly, to Lindley’s species.

1. Tropidia calcarata Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7 : 7.

Luzon.

2. Tropidia mindanaensis 4 mes in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil.
Bot. 5: 1553.

Minpanao.

3. Tropidia mindorensis Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2: 315.

MIwnporo.

4. Tropidia minor Ames ORCHIDACE# 2: 65.

Luzon.

34. CORYMBORCHIS Thou.

About twelve species are known. Corymborchis flava is a native
of Mexico and the West Indies. Corymborchis is the generic
name adopted by Thouars. Corymbis is a uninomial formed from
the generic and specific names. According to the rules of nomen-
clature, Corymbis is not available.

[ 47 ]

ORCHIDACE

1. Corymborchis confusa comb. nov. Corymbis disticha Naves
Nov. App. 248 non Lindl.

Minpanao, LEYTE.

385. CHRYSOGLOSSUM Bi.
About fourteen species constitute the genus. These have been
reported from Assam, New Guinea, Formosa, Japan, Java, Sik-
kim, New Caledonia, Fiji, and Perak.

1. Chrysoglossum villosum B/. Bijdr. 338, fig. 7.

Minporo.

36. NEPHELAPHYLLUM Bi.

A small genus represented by about nine species in Borneo, China,

Khasia, Hongkong, Java, Singapore, Sikkim, Malacca, and Perak.
1. Nephelaphyllum mindorense_4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2:316.

Minporo, Necros? Minpanao?

87. DIGLYPHOSA Bi.
Diglyphosa Elmeri Ames is the only species known to be a na-
tive of the Philippines. The genus contains one other species,
D. latifolia Bl. from Java. D. latifolia var. celebica Schltr. is a
native of Celebes. D. Elmeri is known only from the type that
was collected on Mount Apo in Mindanao.

1. Diglyphosa Elmeri Ames in Elmer's Leaflets of Phil. Bot.
5:1555.

MiInpDANAO.

38. CHXLOGYNE Lindl.

Pfitzer admitted one hundred and three species to the genus in
Engler’s Das Pflanzenreich. To this number must be added from
New Guinea, Sumatra, the Philippines, etc., not less than thirty-
four species which have been described since the monograph in
Das Pfianzenreich was published.

[ 48 ]

ORCHIDACE

It is by no means a simple task to ascertain with surety just
how many species of Coelogyne are natives of the Philippines, as
several have been reported from there on very unreliable data. In
the following list I have relied on the Bureau of Science collec-
tions and on information which I have every reason to believe
is trustworthy. Those species marked with an asterisk I have
studied from herbarium material of Philippine origin.

* 1. Coelogyne asperata Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soe. 4: 221.

Minpanao, Necros, BasInan.
Also found in New Guinea, Borneo, Sumatra, and Perak.
*2. Coelogyne bilamellata Lindl. Fol. Orch. Coelogyne, p. 14.
Leyrer, Luzon, Mrxpanao.
Reported from Borneo.

* 3. Ccelogyne chloroptera FReichb. fin Gard. Chron. (1883) 53:

466.

Luzon.

*4. Cologyne confusa sp. nov. Aff. S. sparse Reichb. f. Radices
puberule. Pseudobulbi anguste fusiformes, circiter 5 cm. longi,
diphylli, erecti. Folia elliptico-lanceolata, subcoriacea, utrinque at-
tenuata, acuminata, acuta, prominente nervosa, petiolata, lamina
usque ad 22 cm. longa, circiter 4.5 cm. lata; petiolus 2.5 cm.
longus, sulcatus, rigidus. Scapus heteranthus, 2.5 dm. longus, ad
basim bracteis imbricatis. Bractez inflorescentize deciduz. Race-
mus laxus, circiter 1.5 dm. longus. Flores 2—2.5 cm. distantes.
Pedicellus cum ovario 2 cm. longus. Ovarium alatum. Sepala lat-
eralia 2 cm. longa, circiter 7 mm. lata, valde carinata, lanceolata,
acuta. Sepalum dorsale simile, carinatum. Petala linearia, acuta,
trinervia, 1.8 cm. longa, 4 mm. lata. Labellum magnum, trilo-
batum, 1.8 cm. longum, 7 mm. latum. Lobi laterales semi-ovati,
obtusi, e basi labelli 1 em. longi; lobus medius semi-ellipticus, ad

apicem rotundatus, vix emarginatus, circiter 1 cm. longus, 7 mm.
[ 49 ]

ORCHIDACEAZ

latus, margine leviter undulatus. Carine 3, non flexuosz, a basi
labelli fere ad medium lobi medii extensz, laterales quam carina
intermedia longiores. Discus minute puberulus. Columna ad api-
cem valde arcuata, 11 mm. longa, alata; androclinium integer-
rimum.

The nearest ally of this species appears to be Celogyne sparsa
Reichb. f. C. confusa is more robust, and differs from it in the
details of the flowers. The three-nerved petals constitute a dif-
ferentiating character. I originally referred the type to C. sparsa
Reichb. f.

Camicuin DE Minpanao, M. Ramos Bur. Sci. 14430, March to April,

1912. Flowers white and yellow. Plants epiphytic.

* 5. Coelogyne Elmeri 4 mes in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil. Bot. 5:
1556.

MInpDANAO.

*6. Coelogyne integerrima Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4: 665.

Luzon.

*7, Coelogyne Loheri Rolfe in Kew Bull. (1908) 414.

Luzon?

8. Coelogyne marmorata Reichb. f. Linnea 41 : 116. Imper-
fectly known. Originally described from material collected near
Manila by Wallis. From Sablan, Province of Benguet, Luzon, I
have a specimen (W. Schultze s. n.) which agrees with Reichen-
bach’s description. The sepals are ecarinate. The flowers are as
large as those of C. fuscesens. Pseudobulbs elongated, somewhat
fusiform, crowded, about 10 cm. long, in dried specimens 1 cm.
thick at about the middle, with several scarious sheaths, two-
leaved. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, about 40 cm. long when ma-
ture, 4 cm. wide, acute, about 15 cm. long at anthesis, the petioles

concealed by closely imbricating sheaths. Scape shorter than the
[ 50 |

ORCHIDACE

leaves, slender, winged, about three-flowered. Bracts soon decid-
uous. Flowers white and yellow, about 3.3 cm. long. Lateral
sepals with a prominent mid-vein, otherwise ecarinate, oblong-
lanceolate, acute, about 3.3 cm. long, 7 mm. wide. Upper sepal
3.3 cm. long, about 1 cm. wide, oblong-lanceolate, acute. Petals
linear, three-nerved to about the middle, 3 cm. long, about 2 mm.
wide at base. Labellum three-lobed near the middle, 3 cm. long,
1.7mm. wide near the base of the middle lobe. Lateral lobes semi-
obcordate, rounded, 1.7 mm. long from base of labellum, about
5 mm. wide, netted veined with numerous brown dots near the
veins. Middle lobe round cordate, emarginate-apiculate at the
apex, margin slightly crenulate, 1.7 cm. long. Carine five, three
extending from the base of the labellum to the base of the mid-
lobe or a little farther, two about equalling the others beginning
near the lateral lobes, all the carina strongly undulated. The
middle carina not equalling the laterals. Column clavate, andro-
clinium sub-entire. Rostellum conspicuous.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Sablan, W. Schaltze s.n. May, 1909.

*9. Coelogyne Merrillii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 6: 40.

Necros, Luzon.

*10. Cologyne palawanense sp. nov. Radices valide, pubescen-
tes. Pseudobulbi approximati, conferti, elongati, in sicco valde
sulcati, superne fastigati, ad basim +1 cm. in diametro, 5—7 em.
longi, flavidi in sicco, diphyhi, erecti, vaginis obtecti. Folia longe
petiolata, lamina cum petiolo usque ad 26 cm. longa, anguste
elliptico-lanceolata, utrinque attenuata, usque ad 2 dm. longa,
usque ad 3.5 cm. lata, nerviis subtus prominentibus. Petioli gra-
ciles 5.5-8 em. longi, in sicco nervosi. Scapus synanthus usque
ad 17 cm. altus, squamis imbricatis, acutis, inclusus, quinque-
florus. Bractez inflorescentia naviculares, persistentes, ovaria pe-

[ 51 ]

ORCHIDACEA

dunculata superantes, usque ad 2 cm. longe, acuta, glumacee.
Racemus laxiflorus, flores, 1.5—2 em. distantes, circiter 2.5 cm.
longi, albidi et flavidi. Sepala lateralia oblonga, acuta, leviter at-
tenuata usque ad apicem, membranacea in sicco, leviter carinata,
2.7 cm. longa, 9-10 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale simile, ecarina-
tum. Petala sepalis angustiora, oblonga, obtusa, leviter, attenuata
prope apicem, 2.9 cm. longa, circiter 6 mm. lata. Labellum 12
mm. longum, trilobatum, lobi laterales quinta parte breviores, late
semicordati, antice rotundati, lobus medius vix unguiculatus,
rotundatus, denticulatus, 6 mm. longus, 9 mm. latus, carine 2,
leviter arcuati, convergentes a basi labelli fere ad apicem lobi
medii extensez biseriatz, ex processibus digitiformibus compo-
sitis, carinula brevi utrinque addita prope medium lobi medii.
Gynostemium curvatum 1.5 cm. longum ad apicem late alatum,
minute denticulatum, ovarium nigro-puberulum.

Aside from the pair of supplementary carine in the middle
lobe the labellum is distinctly bicarinate. The median nerve is per-
haps thickened, but it is free from verrucose projections. The
lateral carinze are biseriate, that is, grooved with the edges of
the groove broken up rather regularly into short blunt teeth or
digitate processes. Ceelogyne palawanense is perhaps nearer to
C. Swaniana than to any other described species, but the form
of the middle lobe and the bicarinate disc are distinguishing
characteristics. In the specimens from which my description
was taken the flower shoot was much shorter than the leaves.

Patawan, Mount Capoas, E. D. Merrill 9499, April 21, 1913, 1000
meters altitude. Flower white, lateral lobes of the labellum with yellow
lines inside, middle lobe yellow within.

* 11. Coelogyne Rochussenii De Vriese Ulust. Orch. Ind. Or.
t.2, t. 11, fig. 6.

[ 52 J

ORCHIDACEA

MinDANao.
Also Java, Sumatra, and Singapore.
* 12. Coelogyne sparsa Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. (1883) 53:306.

Minpanao, Luzon, PALAWAN, Panay, NEcRos.

13. Coelogyne Swaniana Rolfe in Kew Bull. (1894) 183. This
species is known to me through cultivated specimens. I have not
seen any specimens from the Philippine Islands.

*14. Celogyne Vanoverberghi, sp. nov. Aff. C. sparse Reichb.
f. Radices crassa, elongate, ramosz. Pseudobulbi conferti, fusi-
formes, ad apicem basimque fastigati, circiter 4 cm. longi, in sicco
circiter 1 cm. in diametro, monophylli. Folium late ellipticum,
acuminatum, acutum ad apicem basimque fastigatum in sicco
chartaceum, breviter petiolatum; lamina 9-15 cm. longa, 4.5-5.5
em. lata. Racemus probabiliter pendulus, vel suberectus, foliis
juvenilibus synanthus, usque ad 2 dm. longus cum scapo, folia
adulta zequans. Bractez inflorescentiz deciduz. Flores +6. Scapus
gracilis, glaber, sub inflorescentia nudus. Sepala lateralia oblongi-
lanceolata, acuta, extus valde carinata, 2 cm. longa, circiter 6 mm.
lata. Sepalum dorsale ovato-lanceolatum, acutum, extus leviter
carinatum, 2 cm. longum, circiter 8 mm. latum, ad basim con-
caviusculum. Petala lineari-triangula, acuta, trinervia, circiter
2 cm. longa, vix 4 mm. lata. Labellum trilobatum, circiter 2 cm.
longum, lobi laterales manifeste prominentes, ovati, obtusi,3 mm.
longi usque ad sinum, lobus medius breviter unguiculatus, trans-
verse ellipticus, emarginatus ad apicem, usque ad 11 mm. latus,
circiter 1 cm. longus, margine integer, carinz 2 elevate a basi
labelli usque ad dimidium lobi medii extense, carina media fere
evanida. Gynostemium arcuatum, androclinium irregulariter
denticulatum.

The collector's notes give no clue as to the color of the flowers,
[ 53 ]

ORCHIDACE

and in dried specimens the only trace of coloration retained is
the characteristic brownish marking found on the labellum of
Coelogyne sparsa and several other species of the § Lentiginose. C.
Loheri Rolfe (Kew Bull. 1908, 414) appears to be a closely related
species, but the leaves are much narrower in proportion to their
length and the disc of the labellum is traversed by five carine.

Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Bauco, Father M. Vanoverbergh 2865,
April 4, 1913. Altitude above sea level 1700 meters.

39. DENDROCHILUM B21.

Only two other Philippine orchid genera are richer in species:
Bulbophyllum with eighty-six and Dendrobium with eighty-
three. Dendrochilum has sixty-nine species.

Dendrochilum bistortum J. J. Smith from Maschate Island has
been referred to the Philippines. I have not seen any Philippine
specimens that match it.

Dendrochilum cucumerinum Reichb. f. 1 know only from cul-
tivated specimens. I have not seen any specimens of authentic
Philippine origin.

Dendrochilum grandiflorum Schltr. is known to me only by
the description and a flower from the type.

Dendrochilum longifolium Reichb. f. has been referred to the
Philippines by Krianzlin (Jagor 680), but I have not seen Jagor’s
specimens. D. /ongzfolium was not originally described from Phil-
ippine material.

Dendrochilum maleolens Krinzl. I know only from the de-
scription.

Reference should be made to OrcHIDACE, volume 2, for
detailed synonymy and descriptions of Philippine species of Den-
drochilum, and for a key to the species described up to 1905.

At the present time not less than one hundred and forty spe-

[2]

ORCHIDACEZ

cies of Dendrochilum are recognized. The Philippine representa-
tives may be distributed into four well-differentiated sections, as
follows:

A. Stelidia of the column obsolete.

a. Peduncles terminal. § Acoridium, 44 species.
b. Seape lateral. § Pseudacoridium, 1 species.
B. Stelidia of the column well developed, rarely rudimentary.
a. Scape lateral. § Eu-Dendrochilum, 1 species.
b. Peduncle terminal. § Platyclinis, 23 species.

Although § Acoridium is the largest section, only three species
referable to it were known prior to the American occupation of
the Philippines. Dendrochilum Merrillii, from Luzon, and several
species not known to inhabit the Philippines, such as D. Kingu
(Hook. f.) Pfitz., are characterized by the lack of stelidia on the
column, and yet show closer relationship with § Platyclinis than
with § Acoridium. These species constitute the § Aphanostelidion
proposed by Pfitzer.

1. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) affine_-A mes ORCHIDACE# 2:95.

Luzon.

2. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) anfractoides Ames OrcHIDA-

CEH 3: 13, t. 28.
Luzon.

3. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) anfractum Pfitz. in Engler’s

Das Pflanzenreich Ccelog. 118; Ames OrcHIDACE 2:91.

Luzon.

4. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) arachnites Reichb. f- in Gard.
Chron. (1882) 51: 256.
Minporo, Luzon, Minpanao.
5. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) auriculare 4 mes in Phil. Journ.
Sci. 4: 595.

Luzon.

ORCHIDACEA

6. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) bicallosum 4 mes ORCHIDACE 2:
2117.
Luzon, Minporo.
7. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) cagayanense Ames in Phil.
Journ. Sci. 6: 41.

Luzon.
8. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) cinnabarinum Pfitz. in Eng-
ler’s Das Pflanzenreich Ccelog. 104.

Luzon.

9. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) Clemensize_4 mes ORCHIDACE
2.3 LO9,

Luzon, Mindanao.

10. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) Cobbianum Reichb. f. in
Gard. Chron. (1880) n. s. 14: 748.

Luzon, Minpanao.

11. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) confusum Ames in Phil.

Journ. Sci. 6: 41. .
Luzon.

12. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) convallarizforme Schauer

Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 19, Suppl. 1: 429.
Luzon?

18. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) Copelandii 4mes Orcuipa-
CE# 2:115. Referred to synonymy of D. convallarieforme
Schauer in Engler’s Das Pflanzenreich Ccelog. 97.

Mrinpanao.
14. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) cucullatum Pitz. in Engler’s
Das Pflanzenreich Ccelog. 98.
MinpDanao.
15. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) cucumerinum Feichb. f. in
[ 56 |

ORCHIDACEZ

Gard. Chron. (1884) 56: 649. Origin not known. Referred to
Philippines.
16. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) Curranii_4 mes ORCHIDACE&
S315, t..29.
Luzon.
17. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) cymbiforme Ames in Phil.
Journ. Sci. 6: 41.
Luzon.
18. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) Elmeri-4 mes in Elmer’s Leaf-
lets of Phil. Bot. 5 : 1558.
Minpanao.
19. Dendrochilum (§Acoridium) exile Ames OrcHIDACEZ
2:84.
Mrnporo.
20. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) filiforme Lindl. Bot. Reg.
(1840) Mise. p. 52. I have seen only cultivated specimens.
21. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) Foxworthyi Ames Orcut-
DACEZ 3:8, t. 26.
Luzon.
22. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) glumaceum Lindl. Bot. Reg.
(1841) Mise. p. 23.
Luzon, Minpanao, LEYTE.
23. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) graciliscapum Pfitz. in Eng-
ler’s Das Pflanzenreich Ceelog. 99.
Mrinpanao.
24, Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) graminifolium Pfitz. in Eng-
ler’s Das Pflanzenreich Coelog. 114.

Luzon.

[ 57 J

ORCHIDACEAE

25. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) grandiflorum Sch/tr.in Fedde
Rep. 8 : 563. Origin not surely known.

26. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) hastatum -4mes Orcu1bDa-
CEM 2:99.
Mrnporo.
27. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) Hutchinsonianum 4 mes Or-
CHIDACE 2: 96.

Minporo.

28. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) irigense sp. nov. Aff. D. pumilo
Reichb. f., in habitu aff. D. Hutchinsonio. Radices elongate, ra-
mosz. Pseudobulbi graciles, fusiformes, in sicco valde rugosi,
flavidi, 15-47 mm. longi, superne fastigati, monophylli, conferti,
juniores vaginis brunneis obtecti. Folium oblongi-lanceolatum,
acuminatum, acutum, utrinque attenuatum, conspicue 3—5 ner-
vosum, cum petiolo 6-15 cm. longum, usque ad 2 cm. latum, vix
proteranthum. Racemus sublaxus, +10 florus, erectus, +5 cm.
longus. Scapus gracilis, circiter 1 dm. longus. Bractez inflores-
centie 5 mm. long, glumacee, rigide. Pedicellus cum ovario
2.5 mm. longus. Flores circiter 12 mm. in diametro. Sepala later-
alia lanceolata, acuta, trinervia, 6 mm. longa, prope basim 3 mm.
lata, membranacea. Sepalum dorsale oblongi-ellipticum, obtu-
sum, 6.5-7 mm. longum. Petala ovato-elliptica, acuta, trinervia,
6 mm. longa, 3.5 mm. lata. Labellum trilobatum, lobus medius
quam lobi laterales longior; lobi laterales semicrescentiformes
vel falcati, obtusi, 1.5 mm. longi, .75 mm. lati; lobus medius fere
2mm. longus, lobos laterales excedens, trilobatus, lobuli laterales
rotundati, lobulus medius triangulus fere 1 mm. longus, circiter
.5 mm. latus; calli 8, papilliformes, unus ad basim lobi lateralis
utriusque, unus in media partis saccatz labelli, prope basim lobi
medi. Columna ut in D. pumilo.

[ 58 ]

ORCHIDACEA

The inflorescence is well developed while the leaf is expand-
ing, and in several plants which were examined the leaf was only
slightly longer than the sheaths when all but three of the flowers
were fully open. From Dendrochilum Hutchinsonianum, D. iri-
gense is in part distinguishable by the labellum, which is similar
to D. affine in the outline of the middle lobe. From D. pumilum
and D. affine it is distinguished by its larger flowers. From the
rich series of specimens gathered by Santos D. irigense appears
to be an extremely variable species in the size of the leaves and
pseudobulbs. Santos describes the flowers as yellow. Ramos de-
scribes them as being white. When dry the flowers are brownish
red.

Luzon, Camarines Province, Mount Iriga, F. Santos s. n. December,
1913. M. Ramos Bur. Sci. 22186, December 31,1913. Altitude 500 meters.
Both collections were made at the same time.

29. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) latifolium Lindl. in Bot. Reg.
(1843) Mise. p. 56.

Luzon, Necros, MINDANAO.

30. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) Loheri Ames OrcHIDACE
oe 2. 27.

Luzon.

31. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) longibulbum 4mes in Phil.
Journ. Sci. 7 : 26.

Luzon.

82. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) longilabre Pfitz. in Engler’s
Das Pflanzenreich Coelog. 99.

Minpanao.

33. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) longispicatum 4 mes OrcuHI-
DACEZ 2 :105.

Luzon, NrEGRos.

[ 59 ]

ORCHIDACEA

34. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) lucbanense 4 mes in Elmer’s
Leaflets of Phil. Bot. 5: 1559.

Luzon.

35. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) luzonense Ames OrcHIDaA-
CE@ 2:121.

Luzon.

36. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) McGregorii 4mes in Phil.
Journ. Sci. 6: 42.

Luzon.
37. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) magnum Reichdb. f. in Walp.
Ann. 6 : 240.

Mrnporo.

38. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) maleolens K7rdnzl. Orchis 2:
63. Said to be near D.ohganthum.

39. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) malindangense Ames Or-
CHIDACE 2:114,

MInpDANAO.

40. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) Mearnsii-4 mes ORCHIDACEE
TESS

Minpanao.

41. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) Merrillii Pfitz. in Engler’s
Das Pflanzenreich Ccelog. 119.

Luzon.

42. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) microchilum 4mes Orcut-
DACEZ 2:87.
Luzon.
43. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) mindorense 4 mes ORcHIDA-
CE& 2:91.

Minporo.

[ 60 ]

ORCHIDACEA

44. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) ocellatum Pfitz. in Engler’s
Das Pflanzenreich Ccelog. 117.

Luzon.

45. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) oliganthum Pfitz. in Eng-
ler’s Das Pflanzenreich Coelog. 117.

Luzon.

46. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) palawanense Ames Orcut-
DACE 2:1038.

PALAWAN.

47. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) parvulum Pfiz. in Engler’s
Das Pflanzenreich Coelog. 116.

Luzon.

48. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) philippinense P/itz. in Eng-
ler’s Das Pflanzenreich Ccelog. 118.

Luzon.

49. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) pulogense Ames in Phil.
Journ. Sci. 4: 594.

Luzon, Benguet Province.

50. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) pumilum Reichb. f. in Bonpl.
3: 222.

Luzon.

51. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) quadrilobum sp. nov. Radices
fibratze, ramosze. Pseudobulbi dense conferti juniores vaginis mox
in fibras solutis inclusi, anguste fusiformes, monophylli, rugosi
in sicco circiter 2 cm. longi, ad apicem basimque valde fastigati.
Folium lineare, 3-7 cm. longum, circiter 2 mm. latum, manifeste
uninervium per medium, ad basim fastigatum, vix petiolatum, ad
apicem truncatum, apiculatum, pedunculo brevius. Pedunculus
gracilis, filiformis, inter pseudobulbum et bracteam floris infimi

[ 61 ]

ORCHIDACEA

nudus, usque ad 13 cm. longus. Racemus pendulus usque ad 5
cm. longus. Flores distichi, flavidi vel albiduli. Bractez inflores-
centiz cuneato-ovate, acuta, vix 2mm. longe flores zquantes.
Sepala lateralia anguste lanceolata, valde acuminata, acuta, ad
apicem subulata, uninervia, 2 mm. longa. Sepalum dorsale simile
ad basim circiter .5 mm. latum. Petala quam sepala multo brevi-
ora linearia, valde acuta, 1.5 mm. longa, erecta. Labellum quadri-
lobatum, .75 mm. longum, lobi laterales minuti, ovati, obtusi;
lobi terminales semiovati, obtusi, .5 mm. longi, apiculo interpositi,
vel labellum trilobatum lobo medio late cuneato, valde emar-
ginato cum apiculo ad apicem. Ad basim lobi utriusque lateralis
in margine interiore callus vel papilla; papilla minutz. Columna
sectionis.

Dendrochilum quadrilobum in general habit resembles D. par-
vulum and JD. tenue, but the structure of the flowers indicates
specific differences. The middle lobe of the labellum is larger than
the lateral lobes with a cuneiform open space at the tip which
gives a four-lobed appearance when taken in conjunction with the
lateral lobes. In both D. parvulum and D. tenue the middle lobe
hardly exceeds the lateral lobes. In D. guadrilobum, on the other
hand, the middle lobe conspicuously exceeds the laterals, giving
an aspect suggestive of the labellum of Malaxis quadriloba Ames.

Luzon, Subprovince Ifugao, Mount Polis, R. C. McGregor Bur. Sci.

19894, February 11, 1913; McGregor Bur. Sci. 19896.

52. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) Ramosii-4 mes in Phil. Journ.
Sci. 8: 410.

Luzon.

53. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) recurvum P/itz. in Engler’s
Das Pflanzenreich Coelog. 116.

Luzon.

[ 62 |

ORCHIDACE

54. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) reniforme sp. nov. Similitudi-
nem gerit cum D. microchilo. Radices fibratae. Pseudobulbi fusi-
formes, leviter fastigati, in sicco rugosi, conferti, juniores vaginis
mox in fibras solutis inclusi, 2.5-3 cm. longi, monophylli, oblique
ascendentes. Folium petiolatum, in sicco manifeste trinervium,
subchartaceum, rigidum, lineari-lanceolatum, obtusum, nervo
medio leviter predito. Totum folium usque ad 1 dm. longum.
Lamina 6-9 cm. longa. Petiolus gracilis, sulcatus, circiter 1.5 cm.
longus. Pedunculi graciles, foliis longiores, usque ad 12 cm. longi,
inter pseudobulbos et bracteas racemi nudi. Racemus densiflorus,
arcuatus, usque ad 7 cm. longus. Bractez inflorescentiz distiche,
late ovate, 3 mm. long, 3 mm. late, margine irregulariter denti-
culato, hyalino. Pedicellus cum ovario bracteis multo brevior.
Flores parvuli, oblique ascendentes. Sepala lateralia lanceolata,
trinervia, acuminata, valde acuta, ad basim rotundata, 3.5 mm.
longa, 1.25 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala oblongi-lan-
ceolata, acuta, manifeste uninervia in sicco, 3.5 mm. longa,.75mm.
lata. Labellum reniforme, integrum, leviter retusum, apicula-
tum, latius quam longius, semitubulatum, marginibus lateralibus
erectis, .5 mm. longum, 1.5 mm. latum, tricallosum, calli minuti,
papilliformes, unus in depressione disci. Gynostemium sectionis.

Remarkable among the species which it resembles closely in
habit in having a reniform entire labellum. The three calli on the
disc are very distinct, one being in the middle of the depression of
the disc and one on each side of the depression near its margin.
That Dendrochilum reniforme is a close ally of such species as D.
microchilum and D. tenue is clearly indicated by two slight in-
dentations on the labellum in front, which if sufficiently de-
pressed would give the characteristic three-lobed labellum of
the Acoridium section of the genus.

[ 63 ]

ORCHIDACEA

Luzon, Laguna Province, back of San Antonio, F’.. Calica s.n. February to

March, 1913; M. Ramos Bur. Sci. 20440, February 22, 1913.

55. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) rhombophorum A mes OrcHI-
DACE 3:7. The identity of this species, which Reichenbach f.
published under Ccelogyne in Linnea (41 : 116), cannot be posi-
tively known until the Reichenbachian herbarium is unsealed in
1915. From the description and from Reichenbach’s observations
it is a near ally of D. pumilum.

Luzon?

56. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) simulacrum 4 mes OrcHIDA-

CEH 2:92.
Luzon.

57. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) sphacelatum Pfitz. in Eng-

ler’s Das Pflanzenreich Coelog. 112.
Luzon.

58. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) strictiforme Pfitz. in Eng-

ler’s Das Pflanzenreich Coelog. 116.
Luzon.

59. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) tenellum Ames Orcuipa-

cE& 2:81. D.junceum Reichb. f: Otia bot. Hamb. 54.
Luzon, Camicutn, Minporo, LrEyTe.

60. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) tenue Pfitz. in Engler’s Das

Pflanzenreich Ccelog. 116.
Mrinpanao, Luzon, Necros, LEYTE.

61. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) tenuifolium Pfitz. in Eng-.

ler’s Das Pflanzenreich Ccelog. 114.
Luzon.

62. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) turpe Pfitz. in Engler’s Das

Pflanzenreich Ccelog. 118.

Luzon.

[ 64 ]

ORCHIDACE

63. Dendrochilum (§ Platyclinis) uncatum FReichd. f: in Bonpl.
3 3222.
Luzon.
64, Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) Vanoverberghii_4 mes in Phil.
Journ. Sci. 7 : 27.

Luzon.

65. Dendrochilum (§ Eu-Dendrochilum) Weberi 4 mes in Phil.
Journ. Sci. 8: 410.

Minpanao, BasILan.

66. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) Wenzel sp. nov. Herba epi-
phytica. Radices fibrata, ramosz. Pseudobulbi subcylindracei,
superne leviter attenuati, in sicco sulcati, + 2.5 cm. longi, mono-
phylli, juniores vaginis maculatis mox in fibras solutis inclusi.
Folium rigidum, erectum, usque ad medium pedunculum vagi-
natum, lineare, acutum, +2 dm. longum, 4 mm. latum, infra
medium involutum. Pedunculus complanatus, quam folium lon-
gior vel brevior. Racemus complanatus, + 5cm. longus. Flores dis-
tichi, rubri. Bractez inflorescentiz glumacee, circiter 3 mm.
longe, flores subaequantes. Sepala lateralia ovato-lanceolata,
valde acuta, trinervia, 5 mm. longa, vix 2.5 mm. lata. Sepalum
dorsale multo angustius acutum, circiter 4 mm. longum. Petala
oblongi-lanceolata, valde acuta, quam sepalum dorsale breviora,
vix 8 mm. longa, 1 mm. lata. Labellum saccatum, trilobatum,
lobo medio in dentem brevem, minutum reducto; lobi laterales,
crescentiformes, callo in medio, circiter 1 mm. longi, antice levi-
ter denticulati vel integri. Saccus 1 mm. longus, semi-rotunda-
tus. Gynostemium sectionis.

Dendrochilum Wenzel is a near ally of D. graminifolium
(Ames) Pfitz., from which it differs in the much reduced, almost

[ 65 ]

ORCHIDACEA

obsolete middle lobe of the labellum and in the broader, more
coriaceous leaves which form a sheath around the peduncle.
Luzon, Camarines Province, Sagnay, Mount Canayan, M. Ramos Bur.
Sci. 22161, December 9, 1913. On wooded slopes, 300 meters above sea
level. Leyte, Jaro, C..A. Wenzel 0264, February 11, 1914. Epiphyte, flower
greenish yellow, altitude 750 meters.
67. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) Whitfordii Ames OrcHIDA-
CEE 2: 100.

Luzon.

68. Dendrochilum (§ Acoridium) Williamsii Pfitz. in Engler’s
Das Pflanzenreich Ccoelog. 114.

Luzon.

69. Dendrochilum (§ Pseudacoridium) Woodianum A mes Or-
CHIDACEZ# 2:80.

MInporo.

40. PHOLIDOTA Lindl.
A genus of about thirty-eight species, with two representatives in
the Philippine Islands.

Pholidota conchoidea Lindl. Bot. Reg. (1840) Mise. p.84. Proba-
bly only a form of P. imbricata. P. Hlmert Ames is a synonym
for Thecostele alata Par. and Reichb. f. P. rhombophora Reichb.
f. ( fide Kranzlin) I have referred to Dendrochilum. P. sesquitorta
Kranzlin is a synonym of P. ventricosa. P. triotos Reichb. f. is
probably conspecific with P. zmbricata.

1. Pholidota imbricata Lendl. in Hook. Exot. FI. 2: t. 138.

Luzon, Leyrr, Poritto, Basiran, Patawan, Minpanao.

2. Pholidota ventricosa Reichb. f: in Bonpl. 5 : 43. Krinzlin, in
his work on the Ccelogynine for Engler’s Das Pflanzenreich,
takes exception to J. J. Smith’s conclusion that Pholidota ven-
tricosa Reichb. f. and P. sesquitorta Krinzl. are identical. In the

[ 66 ]

ORCHIDACE

Philippine Journal of Science (Botany) 4: 665 (1909) I discussed
the distinguishing characteristics on which Krinzlin placed em-
phasis, and decided to refer Philippine material to P. ventricosa
until a clearer case could be made for the retention of P. sesqui-
torta as a distinct species. In Fedde Rep. Beihefte 1:109 Dr.
R. Schlechter has adopted Smith’s conclusions after a study of
the type material at the Botanic Garden in Berlin.

Luzon, MINDANAO.
Also reported from the Sunda Islands, Malay Peninsula, Burma, An-
daman Islands, Ceylon, and northern India. Also from Java.

41. CRINONIA BZ.
This is a small genus of four species. Krinzlin, in the monograph
of the Coelogynine in Engler’s Das Pflanzenreich, recognized Cri-
nonia as distinct from Pholidota. I have seen one representative
from the Philippines that appears to be an undescribed species.
A diagnosis will appear in Elmer’s Leaflets of Philippine Botany.

1. C. Elmeri Ames.

Minpanao, Elmer 13534, September, 1912.

42. MALAXIS Sw.

Although the first published species of Malaxis was later referred
to Microstylis as Microstylis spicata Lindl., the laws governing
nomenclature necessitate the adoption of the name Malaxis to
designate generically all those species which are allied with ©.
spicata. In Nova Guinea, vu, Bot. 30, J. J. Smith has expressed
the opinion that Microstylis should be added to the list of genera
which are to be retained in spite of the laws of priority. But as
the original Malaxis was a true Microstylis and antedates Micro-
stylis, and as Microstylis was not included in the list of names
to be retained, sanctioned by the Vienna Congress and emended
at the Brussels Congress, Malaxis is the only name available.

[ 67 ]

ORCHIDACEA

Fawcett and Rendle in Flora Jamaica have adopted Malaxis as
the generic name of this group.

Probably not less than two hundred species are recognized.
Geographically the genus is most interesting, as its representa-
tives are found in the tropical and temperate regions of both
hemispheres. Thirty species are natives of the Philippines. Of this
number three are extra-limital. Malaxis biloba Ames has been
reported from Travancore, Himalayas, Khasia Hills, and Anda-
man Islands. M. flavescens Ames is a native of Java. M. latifolia
Smith has been reported from Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Celebes,
Singapore, Malacca, Siam, China, New Guinea, and Australia.

1. Malaxis alagensis 4 mes ORCHIDACE 2 : 122.

Mrnporo.

2. Malaxis arietina 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 411. The label-
lum suggests Malavis sagittata (Microstylis sagitatta J. J. Smith
fe? Bog. 271. 107,"¢.).

MInDANAO.

3. Malaxis balabacensis 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 6 : 42. This
is very closely allied to Malawis tubulosa (Microstyhs tubulosa
J. J. Smith in Bull. Dép. Agr. Indes neérl. no. 5, p. 1). The col-
umn has the same hooked appendage on the back, only it is larger
in the Philippine species. The teeth on the labellum of M. tubu-
losa are unlike those of M. balabacensis, and the flowers show
slight differences which indicate specific distinction. Dfalaxis rhi-
noceros (Microstylis rhinoceros J. J. Smith in Bull. Dép. Agr.
Indes neérl. 22:21) is also closely related, but differs in part
through the very dissimilar petals.

Leyte, Patawan, Minpanao, Barasac, Luzon, Srsurv.
4. Malaxis bancanoides Ames ORCHIDACEH 2:129.

SIBUYAN.

[ 68 ]

ORCHIDACE

5. Malaxis bataanensis 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 6: 43.

Luzon.

6. Malaxis benguetensis Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 6: 43.

Luzon.

7. Malaxis biloba Ames ORcHIDACEZ 2: 122.
Luzon.
Also Travancore, Himalayas, Khasia Hills, and Andaman Islands.
8. Malaxis binabayensis Ames OrcHIDACEH 2: 124, Micro-
stylis binabayensis Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2: 318.

Minporo.

9. Malaxis Copelandii Ames OrcHIDACE# 2: 124,

MINDANAO.

10. Malaxis Curranii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 6 : 45.

Luzon.

11. Malaxis davaensis sp. nov. Planta terrestris, humilis, cum
racemo usque ad 12 cm. alta. Caules circiter 2 cm. longa, vaginis
foliorum obtecti. Folia+7, lineari-lanceolata, ad apicem basim-
que fastigata, membranacea in sicco, 3.5-7.5 em. longa, usque ad
6 mm. lata, pedunculobreviora. Pedunculus usquead 1 dm. longus,
uni- vel pauci-bracteatus, bractez scariose, circiter 5 mm. longe,
valdeacute, patentes. Flores flavescentes, inracemolaxo, usque ad
5.5 cm. longo dispositi. Bracteze inflorescentiz lanceolate acute,
quam pedicellus cum ovario breviores. Pedicellus cum ovario
+ 3 mm. longus. Sepala lateralia late elliptica vel suborbicularia,
valde obtusa et ad apicem rotundata, 2 mm. longa, 1.5 mm. lata.
Sepalum dorsale ovato-ellipticum, 2 mm. longum, 1.5 mm. latum.
Petala quam sepala angustiora, 2 mm. longa, vix 1 mm. lata. La-
bellum antice trilobatum, similitudinem gerit cum M. Junghuh-
nio (Smith.) sed in lobo medio leviter divisum; lobi laterales
rotundati, lobus medius semiorbicularis, vix 1 mm. longus, 1 mm.

[ 69 ]

ORCHIDACEA

latus, ad apicem fissus; auricule late subfalcatz, ad apicem ro-
tundatz, 1 mm. longe, vix .75 mm. latz, leviter incurve. Gyno-

stemium brevissimum.

Malaxis davaensis, although clearly distinct from it in habit,
resembles in the details of the labellum JMalaais Junghuhnu
(Microstylis Junghuhnii Smith Die Orchideen von Java 253,
fig. exci). The middle lobe of the labellum of M. davaensis is
split.

Minpanao, District of Davao, Divide of the Apo Range, C. M. Weber

243 (Hib. Ames 12487), August 25, 1911. Terrestrial in shade of forest.

12. Malaxis dentata Ames OrcHIDACEH 2:125. The details
of the labellum are not unlike those of Malaais sordida. (Micro-
stylis sordida J. J. Smith in Bull. Dép. Agr. Indes neérl. no. 19,
p. 30; Nova Guinea 8 : 34, t. xi, fig. 35.)

Mrinporo, Leyte, Luzon, Poiitro.

13. Malaxis Elmeri Ames ORCHIDACE 2 : 126.

Luzon.

14. Malaxis flavescens Ames ORCHIDACE 2 : 127.
Luzon.
Also Java.

15. Malaxis Hutchinsoniana Ames ORCHIDACE& 2 : 128.

Minporo.

16. Malaxis latifolia Smzth in Rees Cycl. 22, no. 3.
Luzon.
Also Java.

17. Malaxis longipedunculata Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8: 411.
According to Mr. Wenzel’s notes no. 0237 has red flowers, no.
0132 yellow flowers, and the type, brownish yellow flowers. In
nos. 0237 and 0132 the labellum differs from the type in having
two teeth on either side of the labellum. In one flower of no. 0132

[ 70 ]

ORCHIDACE

there was only one tooth on the left side, while on the right side
there were two teeth. Although there may be differences between
the type and nos. 0132 and 0237 which constitute specific differ-
ences, [ have been unable to detect them. The original descrip-
tion of Malaxis longipedunculata should be amplified to include
the forms characterized by three or four teeth on the labellum.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 0237, September 30, 1913. In forest 60
meters above sea level; Dagami, Wenzel 0132, May 27, 1913. Leaves bronze
green above, purple beneath.

18. Malaxis McGregorii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 6: 45.

Pouitto, Minpanao.

19. Malaxis Merrillii Ames ORCHIDACEH 2: 128.

Mrnporo, Mount Halcon.

20. Malaxis mindanaensis 4 mes in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil.
Bot. 5:1561.

MinpDANAo.

21. Malaxis mindorensis (Rendle) Ames ORcHIDACE 2:131.
I only know this from a sketch of the type, with analyses, kindly
given to me by Dr. A. B. Rendle. It is a larger flowered species
than M. guadriloba Ames from Luzon.

Minporo.

22. Malaxis negrosiana 4 mes in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil. Bot.
5: 156.

NEGROs.

23. Malaxis philippinensis comb. nov., Microstylis philippinen-
sis Krdnzl. Orchis 2:16. Stated by the author to be an ally
of Microstyls discolor R. Wight. “Labellum toto ambitu or-
biculare, basi profunde cordatum et gynostemium amplectens,
utrinque quinquedentatum, dentibus triangulis, apex labelli pro-
fundius bidentatus, discus excavatus melle scatens.”

[ 71 ]

ORCHIDACEA

24. Malaxis quadridentata 4 mes ORCHIDACE 2 : 130.

Mrinporo.

25. Malaxis quadriloba 4 mes OrcHIDACE 2:131.
Luzon.

26. Malaxis Ramosii 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 6:45. A near
ally of Malaaxis tubulosa and M. balabacensis, but smaller in all
its parts.

Luzon.

27. Malaxis rizalensis Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 6: 46.
Luzon.

28. Malaxis unecata Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 6: 46.
Luzon.

29. Malaxis Wenzelii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 412.
LEYTE.

30. Malaxis Williamsii Ames ORCHIDACE 2: 131.

Luzon.

43. OBERONIA Lindi.
There are twenty representatives of this genus in the Philippine
Islands. Oberonia iridifolia Lindl. and the Bornean O. monstru-
osa Lindl. are the only species with an extra-limital range.

1. Oberonia anceps Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 8.

Minpanao, Luzon, Potttio, Curion.

2. Oberonia aporophylla Reichb. f. in Bonpl. 3 : 223.

Luzon, Minpanao.

3. Oberonia basilanensis sp. nov. Tota planta usque ad 1.5 dm.
alta, aff. O. insectiferce Hook. f., specie quam habitu et structura
hee species conspicue simulat, sed inflorescentia densiore et an-
gustiore. Folia coriacea, ensiformia, acuminata, valde acuta, as-
cendentia, scapo breviora, usque ad 1.4.dm. longa, usque ad 7 mm.

lata, lineari-lanceolata a latere visa. Scapus 1.3-1.5 dm. longus,
eee

ORCHIDACEA

gracilis, infra racemum bracteis numerosis. Racemus usque ad
12 cm. longus, gracilis, circiter 3 mm. in diametro. Flores sub-
verticillati. Bractez inflorescentiz triangulari-lanceolate, brevi-
ter setacez. Pedicellus cum ovario circiter 1 cm. longus. Sepala
lateralia elliptica, reflexa, 1 mm. longa. Sepalum dorsale simile.
Petala linearia, vix 1 mm. longa, integra. Labellum ad basim
utrinque bilobulatum, vel lobo bifurcato (divisiones lobulorum
subsetacee .5 mm. longz), deinde cuneato-oblongum ad apicem
bifurcatum, divisionibus triangulari-setaceis. Totum labellum 1.5
mm. longum, divisionibus terminalibus 1 mm. longis. Gynoste-
mium .5 mm. longum.

Oberonia basilanensis is related to O. insectifera Hook. f. and
to O. Toppingu Ames. The latter is a Philippine species which
may be distinguished at a glance by its denticulate oblong petals.

Bastian, J. Reillo Bur. Sci. 16247, September 9, 1912.

4. Oberonia benguetensis 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7:8.

Luzon.

5. Oberonia cylindrica Lindl. Bot. Reg. (1840) Mise. p. 20.

Luzon, Patawan, Leyre (Bonor, Cuming’).

6. Oberonia Elmeri Ames in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil. Bot. 5:
1564.

Luzon.

7. Oberonia hispidula Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7:8.

Luzon, Minpanao.

8. Oberonia iridifolia Lindl. Wall. Cat. no. 1948. What appears
to be this species is figured by Petiver on plate 103, fig. 3, from
a specimen collected by Camelli in Luzon and described in Ray’s
Historia Plantarum.

Minpanao, Luzon, PaLawan.
Also Java, Sumatra, Borneo.

[ 73 ]

ORCHIDACE

9. Oberonia luzonensis sp.nov. Radices fibrate. Caules elongati,
graciles, usque ad 1.5 dm. longi, foliis imbricatis, ensiformibus,
ascendentibus, usque ad 7 cm. longis, 3-5 mm. latis. Scapus erec-
tus vel subpendulus, gracilis, 7-13 cm. longus. Racemus valde
multiflorus, bracteis linearibus subtendentibus. Flores flavidi min-
imi, valde aperti, subverticillati. Bracteze inflorescentiz lineari-
lanceolate, acuminate, valde acute, irregulariter dentate, pedi-
cellis equilonge, circiter 2mm. longe, adpresse. Sepala lateralia
divaricata, oblique ovata, acuta, vix 1 mm. longa, circiter .75 mm.
lata. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala lanceolata leviter et irreg-
ulariter dentata, vix 1 mm. longa, acuta. Labellum ad basim
minute auriculatum, prope medium leviter constrictum deinde
cuneatum vel dilatatum, ad apicem profunde retusum, vel apice
late emarginato, bilobum; margo irregulariter dentatus. Gyno-
stemium brevissimum. Ovarium pedicellatum, tenue, glabrum,
1.5 mm. longum.

In general habit Oberonza luzonensis resembles O. rosea Hook.
f. and O. masarangica Schltr., the latter, from Celebes, with nar-
rower leaves and looser racemes. Among Philippine species it
approaches most closely O. hispidula Ames, from which it is to
be distinguished by its looser racemes, smooth ovaries, and more
slender habit. O. luzonensis is a variable species in the size of the
leaves and stems. The form of the labellum is not dissimilar from
that of O. aporophylla Reichb. f.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Guinayangan, L. Escritor Bur. Sct. 20809,
March 25, 1913.
10. Oberonia McGregorii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2: 321.

Minpanao, Luzon, Minporo.
11. Oberonia Merrillii_ Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7: 9.

Luzon.

i]

ORCHIDACE

12. Oberonia mindorensis Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 : 322.

Minporo, Mrnpanao.

13. Oberonia miniata Lindl. Bot. Reg. (1843) Misc. p. 6. Fol.
Orch. Oberonia 6. This species has been reported from Singapore
and the Philippines. I have not seen any Philippine specimens
referable to it.

14. Oberonia minima sp. nov. Herba tenella, epiphytica, caule
leviter producto. Tota planta 5 cm. alta. Caulis circiter 1 cm.
longus, basibus vaginantibus foliorum obtectus. Folia disticha,
ensiformia, equitantia, oblique ascendentia, szepe falcata, circiter
3 cm. longa, linearia a latere visa, circiter 2 mm. lata, acuta, in
sicco flavida. Pedunculus pergracilis, terminalis, erectus, folia
excedens, 3-4 cm. longus, infra racemum sparsim bracteatus,
bracteis ascendentibus, lineari-lanceolatis, acutis, integris. Flores
rubri et flavidi, minuti, verticillati, in racemo laxo dispositi. Race-
mus circiter 2 cm. longus, + 2 mm. in diametro. Bractez inflo-
rescentie triangulari-lanceolate, integra. Pedicellus cum ovario
circiter 1 mm. longus. Sepala lateralia elliptica, valde concava,
circiter.75 mm. longa. Sepalum dorsale ovatum, .75 mm. longum,
.5 mm. latum. Petala oblonga, truncato-obtusa, .75 mm. longa.
Labellum ad basim utrinque lobulatum vel auriculatum (lobuli
obtusi .25 mm. longi) deinde oblongum, quadratum, ad apicem
bifurcatum, divisiones triangulares, valde acute. Totum label-
lum 1.25 mm. longum, circiter .5 mm. latum prope medium,
divisiones triangulares .5 mm. longe. Gynostemium .25 mm.
longum.

The labellum somewhat resembles in outline the labellum of
Oberonia Manni Hook. f., but the basal lobes are rounded, not
acute, and are about as wide at the tip as at the middle. O. minima
is hardly caulescent in the manner of O. anceps and O. aporo-

[ 75 ]

ORCHIDACEA

phylla, and as exemplified by the specimens examined belongs
to Lindley’s § Acaules.
Leyte, Dagami, C. 4. Wenzel 046, November 22, 1912. On trees at
medium height above ground. Altitude 60 meters.

15. Oberonia monstruosa Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 17. Malaxis
monstruosa Blume Bijdr. 395. O. monstruosa is the largest of the
caulescent species so far known to be natives of the Philippine
Islands. The stems attain a height of 2 dm. or even more, and
are completely concealed by the sheathing bases of the leaves.
In the Philippine material examined each stem bears from five
to seven leaves + 5 cm. long. The labellum of this species is sub-
cordate. O. hastata Schltr. from Celebes is a near ally, but in that
species the labellum is subtridentate.

O. monstruosa Lindl. is a native of Java and Borneo. Hereto-
fore unrecorded as a native of the Philippines.

Minpanao, Province of Agusan, Talacogon, Agusan River, C. M. Weber

173, July 20, 1911. Altitude 10 meters. Epiphyte on trees. Bunauan,

Weber 312, November, 1911.

16. Oberonia obesa sp.nov. Aff. O. Costeriane. Tota planta cum
pedunculo 2 dm. alta, paucifoliata. Folia (3?) erecta valde carnosa,
equitantia, ensiformia, acuta, usque ad 1.3 dm. longa, usque ad
1.8 cm. lata a latere visa, quam racemus breviora. Pedunculus + 1
dm. longus, infra raceemum bracteatus, bracteis arcte adpressis.
Racemus cylindraceus, elongatus, sublaxiflorus, usque ad 12 cm.
longus, circiter 5 mm. in diametro. Bractez inflorescentiz anguste
lanceolatz, subsetaceze. Pedicellus cum capsula vix 5 mm. longus.
Sepala lateralia elliptica, concava, vix 1.5 mm. longa, circiter 1.25
mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala oblanceolata, valde ob-
tusa, 1.5 mm. longa, vix 1 mm. lata. Labellum quadrilobatum, 2
mm. longum, lobi laterales flabellati, subtiliter crenellati, lobus
medius bifurcatus, 1 mm.longus, divisionibus circiter.5 mm. longis,

[ 76 ]

ORCHIDACE

.5 mm. latis, obtusis. Ad basim totum labellum vix 2 mm. latum.
Gynostemium .5 mm. longum.

Oberonia obesa resembles O. Costeriana J. J. Smith in general
habit, but is smaller, with fleshier leaves and with a slightly dif-
ferent labellum. In the specimens examined the leaves are erect,
and incurve in such a way as to overlap one another. This pecul-
larity gives to the plants quite a distinct aspect. Whether or not
it is found in living specimens I am unable to tell from herba-
rium material.

Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Father M. Vanoverbergh 407, November 24,

1910.

17. Oberonia setigera Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7:10.

Luzon.
18. Oberonia Thisbe Feichb. f. in Bonpl. 3 : 223.

Po.itio, Luzon.

19. Oberonia Toppingii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8: 4138.
Luzon.

20. Oberonia Wenzelu sp.nov. Herbaepiphytica, gracilis, usque
ad 2.5 dm. alta. Caules abbreviati. Folia ensiformia, elongata, ad
apicem attenuata, usque ad 22 cm. longa, 5-12 mm. lata a latere
visa, ad basim equitantia, quam inflorescentia longiora. Scapus
cum racemo usque ad 1.7 dm. longus, subdensiflorus. Bractez
inflorescentiz triangule, acuminate, acute. Flores verticillati,
minuti. Sepala lateralia ovata, 1 mm. longa, vix 1 mm. lata, acuta.
Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala linearia. Labellum 2 mm. longum,
late ovatum, auriculatum, ad apicem bifidum, margo utrinque
5-7-dentatus.

Oberonia Wenzel resembles O. cylindrica Lindl. in habit and
has a labellum similar to that of O. ¢ridifola Lindl. The petals are

entire with the exception of the tips, which are obscurely dentate.
[oy

ORCHIDACEA#

The dentation of the labellum is irregular with the teeth reduced
to triangular protuberances near the base and apex. In dried spe-
cimens the sepals and petals are whitish, the labellum yellowish.

Leyte, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0288, April 30, 1914. Epiphyte in forest.
Altitude 500 meters. Sepals and petals red, labellum yellow and red.

44, HIPPEOPHYLLUM Schltr.
A small genus related to Oberonia and Liparis. About four spe-
cies are known.

1. Hippeophyllum Wenzelii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 413.
This species is perhaps more closely related to H. celebicum
Schltr. than to any other known species. The form of the label-
lum suggests 1. micranthum Schltr. H. celebicum is amore slen-
der plant with large narrow leaves.

LEYTE.

45. LIPARIS L. C. Rich.
The species of this genus are found in the temperate and tropi-
cal regions of both hemispheres. T'wenty-seven species have been
reported from the Philippines. In previous publications I have
adhered to the generic interpretations of Pfitzer in my treatment
of these species. At present I am convinced that this treatment
necessitates an extremely artificial disintegration of a group
which is for all purposes best kept intact.

1. Liparis (§ Disticha) Amesiana Schltr. in Fedde Rep. Bei-
hefte 1: 210. Cestichis gracilis Ames OrcHIDACEE 2: 136.

Luzon.
2. Liparis (§ Disticha) benguetensis (4 mes) Schltr. in Fedde
Rep. Beihefte 1 : 210.
Luzon, NrcRos.
3. Liparis cespitosa Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 882.

Minpanao, Luzon.

[ 78 |

ORCHIDACEA

Also from Java, Sumatra, Ceylon, India, Bourbon, Mauritius, and Mada-
gascar.
4. Liparis Clemensicee comb. nov. Cestichis Clemensiz -A mes in
Phil. Journ. Sci. (Bot.) 4 : 666.

MINDANAO.

5. Liparis (§ Distiche:) compressa Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 32.

Luzon.
Also Java, Sumatra, Perak.

6. Liparis confusa J. J. Smith Orch. Jav. 275. From the de-
scription in Icones Plantarum Formosanarum (4:27) L. dol-
chopoda Hayata belongs to the same section with L. confusa,
L. parviflora, etc. There appear to be two species of Liparis in
the Philippines referable to Ridley’s § Densiflorae which I have
identified indiscriminately with Liparis vestita Reichb. f. One
of these is distinguished chiefly by elongated, slender stems, the
other by contracted bulbous stems, which as a rule are elongated
slightly, if at all. Both species are characterized by a retuse label-
lum. The one with short pseudobulbous stems I refer to L. par-
viflora Lindl. The one with elongated stems agrees in many of
its details with Liparis confusa J. J. Smith, and is represented
in the Philippines by the following:

Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Father M. Vanoverbergh 1536, September
to October, 1912. Lryrr, C. A. Wenzel 022, October, 1912. I have seen
specimens from Minpanao and BasiLay.

Also Java.

7. Liparis (§ Disticha) Cumingii Rd. in Journ. Linn. Soc.
22 : 292.

Luzon.

8. Liparis (§ Distichae) disticha Lind/. Bot. Reg. sub t. 882.

Patawan, Minporo, Luzon.
Also Mauritius, Bourbon, Ceylon.

[ 79 ]

ORCHIDACEA#

9. Liparis dumaguetensis Ames nom. nov. L. Elmeri Ames in
Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil. Bot. 5: 1561.

Necros, Leyte, Minpanao.

10. Liparis (§ Distiche) Elmeri (Ames) Schltr. in Fedde Rep.
Beihefte 1: 210.

Luzon.

11. Liparis Forbesii #zd/. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 22 : 283.
Luzon (Minpanao?).
Also Java.
12. Liparis (§ Distiche) fragilis comb. nov. Cestichis fragilis
Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 412.

MInpDANaAo.

13. Liparis halconensis comb. nov. Cestichis halconensis Ames
in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 : 321.

Mrinporo.

14. Liparis latifolia Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 30.

MINDANAO.

15. Liparis (§ Distiche) leytensis sp.nov. Rhizoma longe repens,
bracteis scariosis, approximatis, tubularibus instructum. Pseudo-
bulbi inter se + 4 cm. distantes, subpyriformes, superne contracti
in collum gracilem producti, totus pseudobulbus usque ad 4 cm.
longus, monophyllus. Folium articulatum, anguste oblanceo-
latum, acutum, usque ad basim fastigatum, 1.5-2.8 dm. longum,
supra medium 1.6-2 cm. latum, in sicco subchartaceum, quam
scapus longius. Scapus terminalis, bialatus, 1.3-2.5 dm. longus,
infra racemum nudus. Bractee inflorescentie distichz, conferte,
complanate, lanceolate a latere visa, 5 mm. longa, circiter 2 mm.
latae. Racemus usque ad 4 em. longus, 5—7 mm. latus. Flores viri-
des, succedanei. Pedicellus cum ovario usque ad 7 mm. longus,
gracilis. Sepala lateralia oblongi-lanceolata, acuta, deflexa, 4mm.

[ 80 ]

ORCHIDACE

longa, 1.5 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale deflexum, oblongi-lanceo-
latum, 4 mm. longum. Petala defiexa, lineari-spathulata, uni-
nervia, 3.5 mm. longa, vix.5 mm. lata supra medium. Labellum
circiter 3 mm. longum, oblongum, ad apicem utrinque in lobum
obtusum dilatatum, apiculo inter lobos, lobi subtiliter crenulati.
Ad basim labelli prope columnam callus cucullatus stat, utrin-
que ad basim labelli carine transverse. Gynostemium gracile,
2.5mm. longum. Anthera antice rotundata, non emarginata.

Liparis leytensis resembles L. Merrillii Schitr., but differs from
it chiefly in the smaller flowers, linear-spathulate petals, and in
the form of the anther.

Leyte, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0216, September 26, 1913. Epiphyte in forest,

100 meters above sea level.

16. Liparis (§ Distiche) linearifolia comb. nov. Cestichis lineari-
folia Ames in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil. Bot. 5 : 1552.

MINDANAO.

17. Liparis Lyoni comb. nov. Cestichis Lyonii Ames in Phil.
Journ. Sci. 6 : 47.
Luzon.
18. Liparis (§ Distiche) Merrillii (Ames) Schltr. in Fedde Rep.
Beihefte 1: 210.
Luzon, Minporo, Minpanao.
19. Liparis negrosiana Ames in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil. Bot.
5 : 1562.

NEGROs.

20. Liparis (§ Distiche) nutans comb. nov. Cestichis nutans
Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4 : 597.

Patawan, MInpanao.

21. Liparis parviflora Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 31. Malaxis parvi-
[ 81 ]

ORCHIDACEA

flora Bl. Bijdr. 392. Liparis flaccida Reichb. f. in Linnea 41 : 45.
The Philippine plants which I believe represent L. parviflora
resemble the specimens, preserved in the herbarium of the Brit-
ish Museum, which Ridley referred to L. flaccida (Lobb 171,
Horsfield, Java). In my herbarium (12612) there is a specimen
collected by Weber (290) that resembles the specimen from Java
(Forbes) which Ridley in his monograph referred to L. parvi-
flora. This has an elongated, drooping inflorescence nearly 8 dm.
in length. L. parviflora is represented in the Philippines by the
following :

Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Father M. Vanoverbergh 1535, September

to October. Minpanao, District of Davao, C. M. Weber 290, November 14,

1911. I have also seen specimens from PottLto.

Also Java.

22. Liparis pectinata Ridley Journ. Linn. Soc. 22:277. The
labellum of this species is cuneate-oblong, or rather indistinctly
pandurate, with the truncate 3-3.5 mm. wide apex fringed or pec-
tinate. The labellum from base to tip is about 5.5 mm. long, with
a callus at the base. The type consists of a single specimen col-
lected by Cuming in the Philippines and now preserved in the
Lindley Herbarium at Kew. Aside from the type, with which,
unfortunately, I have not compared the material on which my
identification is based, the collections mentioned below are the
only ones I have seen. Undoubtedly a very rare endemic species.

Liparis pectinifera Ridley is a closely allied species from
Borneo in part distinguished by the absence of calli from the la-
bellum. This species is figured by J. J. Smith in Die Orchideen
von Java (f. ccr). L. punctifera Schlitr., a native of Celebes, from
the description is a closely allied species. L. Nakahara Hayata,
from Formosa (Icones Plantarum Formosanarum 4 : 29), is also
a close ally.

[ 82 ]

ORCHIDACE 44

Luzon, Laguna Province, Juan Reillo 55 (Hb. Ames 13251), July, 1912.
Bastian, Reillo Bur. Sci. 15445, August, 1912. Minpanao, District of
Davao, Mount Binatun near Degas and Kaiangan trail, C. M. Weber
279, November 2, 1911. Altitude 304 meters. Terrestrial in dense forest
amongst decayed leaves. Flowers light green. Leyre, Dagami, C. A. Wen-
zel 0207, July 29, 1913. Terrestrial in forest. Found 60 meters above sea
level. Flowers white.

23. Liparis (§ Distiche) philippinensis Schltr. in Fedde Rep.
Beihefte 1: 210.

Luzon, Leyte, Minpanao, Mrnporo, NrEcros.

24. Liparistricallosa Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. (1879) 45 : 684.
Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 7804. I know this species only from the
type in the herbarium of the British Museum of Natural His-
tory, and from a specimen given to me by Messrs. F’. Sander & Co.
of St. Albans, England, which Mr. Rolfe and I compared with
authentic material of L. tricallosa at Kew. On the type sheet in
the British Museum Herbarium there is a drawing of a plant in
flower from Buut Island, Sulu Archipelago, which in Reichen-
bach’s handwriting bears the name Liparis tricallosa. The actual
type consists of two flowering racemes and one fruiting. There
are no leaves or roots. Under these specimens is mounted a clip-
ping from the Gardeners’ Chronicle which bears Reichenbach’s
original description of the specimens ‘“‘introduced by Mr. Bull
from Borneo.” The nearest ally of this species from the Philip-
pines that I have studied among the specimens collected for the
Bureau of Science or by independent collectors is Liparis Elmeri
Ames, which has smaller flowers, and is more conspicuously stri-
ated on the labellum.

Buur Istanp (Burbidge).

25. Liparis trichoglottis (Ames) Schltr. in Fedde Rep. Bei-
hefte 1: 203.
Luzon, Minpanao.

[ 83]

ORCHIDACE

26. Liparis triloba #zd/. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 22: 295. Ridley
described Liparis triloba from a Cuming specimen preserved in the
Lindley Herbarium at Kew. This specimen, of Philippine origin,
resembles very closely L. confusa, but is in part distinguished
by having the apex of the labellum entire. It also resembles
L. clavigera Ridl., the type of which is preserved in the British
Museum of Natural History. On the type sheet of L. clavigera
there is a note which reads as follows: “ Liparis triloba Cuming
Hb. Lindl.”

L. triloba appears to be much less common in the Philippines
than either L. confusa or L. parviflora. The specimens I have re-
ferred to it agree satisfactorily with the type in the Lindley Her-
barium as represented by a sketch in my possession for which
I am indebted to Dr. Prain, Director of the Royal Gardens,
Kew. The sketch shows a monophyllous stem which Ridley was
inclined to regard an exceptional condition, and which would
in fact be anomalous in the group to which L. tri/oba belongs.
But I have seen monophyllous forms of L. confusa mingled with
the characteristically diphyllous form. Lindley’s sketch of the
flower illustrates perfectly the flowers of the specimens gathered
by Whitford and Hutchinson.

The following collection appears to belong to L. triloba:

Mrinpanao, Zamboanga, H. N. Whitford & W. I. Hutchinson For. Bur.

9218, January, 1908. I have also seen specimens from Luzon.

27. Liparis Wenzelti sp. nov. Herba epiphytica. Pseudobulbi
approximati, pyriformes vel cylindracei, superne fastigati, di-
phylli, 2.5-3.5 cm. longi, in sicco rugosi. Folia coriacea, articulata,
11-18 cm. longa, usque ad 22 mm. lata, oblongi-lanceolata, acuta,
utrinque attenuata, racemo multo breviora. Pedunculus infra ra-
cemum in angulo foliorum vaginatus. Racemus cum pedunculo
circiter 2.8 dm. longus, laxiflorus; flores circiter 1 em. distantes.

[ 84 ]

ORCHIDACE

Bractez inflorescentiz + 5 mm. longe, acuta, anguste triangu-
lares, quam pedicellus cum ovario breviores. Pedicellus cum ova-
rio circiter 1 cm. longus. Flores in sicco aurantiaci. Sepala lateralia
reflexa, oblongi-ligulata, obtusa, 5.5 mm. longa. Sepalum dorsale
simile. Petala linearia, obtusa, 6 mm. longa, reflexa. Labellum an-
guste panduriforme, bilobum,7 mm. longum, lobi circiter 2.5 mm.
longi, margine glabro, intus ad basim, juxta medium, lamella par-
vula calliformi ornatum. Columna leviter arcuata, glabra.

Liparis Wenzelu is a member of the group to which ZL. /ati-
folta Lindl. and L. crenulata Lindl. belong. It is a near ally of
L. trichoglottis Schltr. and of L. parviflora Lindl.

Leyte, C. A. Wenzel 0403, May 27,1914. Epiphyte in forest. Altitude
500 meters. Sepals and petals brown, labellum brown and green.

46. DILOCHIA Lindi.
A small genus of three or four species with one representative
in the Philippines.

1. Dilochia Elmeri Ames in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil. Bot. 5:
1554.

To this species I refer two specimens collected by Wenzel in
Leyte. These specimens are not so robust as the type.

Leyte, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0446, June 11, 1914. Terrestrial in forest.
Altitude 500 meters. Sepals and petals white. Labellum white and yellow.
The type was collected in Minpanao.

47. CERATOSTYLIS Bi.

Seven species are known to be natives of the Philippines. Two
additional species are recorded, but insufficiently characterized.
Ceratostylis pendula Hook. f. (cf. Hook. Ie. Pl. 2100) is very
similar to C. philppinensis Rolfe. Probably the Philippine speci-
mens which have been referred to C. pendula are conspecific with
C. philippinensis.

[ 85 ]

ORCHIDACE

About eighty species of Ceratostylis have been described. C.
subulata Bl. is the only representative of the genus in the Phil-
ippines which has an extra-limital range. This species has been
reported from Borneo, Sumatra, Java, Malay Peninsula, Assam,
Khasia, and Sikkim.

1. Ceratostylis latipetala 4mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4 : 671.

Luzon, Minpanao.

2. Ceratostylis philippinensis Rolfe ex Ames in Ames ORCHI-
DACEH 1:79.

Luzon.

3. Ceratostylis ramosa Ames & Rolfe in Ames ORCHIDACEZ
2:149.

Luzon, Minpanao.

4. Ceratostylis (§Caulescentes) retisquama Feichb. f. in Bonpl.
5 : 53, “Vaginis valide retinerviis, folio carnosissimo lanceolato,
apice ineequali bilobo, perula obtusa parva, sepalis ligulatis, te-
palis linearibus acutis, labelli lamina ab ungue abrupte oblonga
apice contracta, carinis semilunatis geminis, brachiis gynostemii
retusis. Cuming 2152!”

The only caulescent species from the Philippines with lance-
olate leaves is Ceratostylis ramosa Ames & Rolfe. C. latipetala
Ames and C. rubra Ames have fleshy linear or narrowly oblong
leaves, which in dried specimens have a semiterete aspect.

5. Ceratostylis rubra Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4 : 670.

Luzon, Minpanao.

6. Ceratostylis senilis Reichb. f: in Otia bot. Hamb. 54.

Luzon.

7. Ceratostylis subulata Bl. Bijdr. 306.

Luzon, Minpanao, Mrinporo.
Also Java, Borneo, Sumatra, Malay Peninsula, Assam, Khasia, Sikkim.

[ 86 ]

ORCHIDACEA
8. Ceratostylis Wenzelii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8: 421.

Leyte, Basiuan.

48. AGROSTOPHYLLUM Bi.
Nine species are natives of the Philippines. In my herbarium
there is a fruiting specimen collected by C. M. Weber in Agusan
Province, Mindanao, on the west slope of Mount Hilonghilong,
at 419 meters altitude, no. 90, March 28, 1911, which is appar-
ently anundescribed species, allied with 4 grostophyllumcelebicum
Schltr. from Celebes, A. stipulatum Schltr. from Java, and A. tri-
jidum from Sumatra. It has a very much branched habit and the
leaves are quite distinct in outline from those of any of the species
named. The leaves are + 1.5cm. long, perceptibly narrower toward
the tip, about 38 mm. wide near the base, and at the apex bilobed
with awell-developed apiculate point to the midrib, which exceeds
the lobes. The sheaths of the leaves are bicuspidate as in A. cele-
bicum, A. stipulatum, and A. trifidum. Fruit hardly 1 em. long.

1. Agrostophyllum Hasseltii (Schltr.) J. J. Smith Ic. Bogor. 2:
sub t. 90 (A). Podochilus Hasseltii Schltr. Mém. Herb. Boiss.
1900, no. 20,61. Appendicula Hasseltii Bl. Bijdr. 304; Lindl. Gen.
& Sp. Orch. 230; Miquel Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 : 704. A. graminifolia 7.
& B. Tijdsch. Ned. Ind. 24 :322. A. elongata Rid/. Trans. Linn.
Soc. (Bot). ser. II, 3: 375.

Leyte, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0263, February 11, 1914. Epiphyte in forest,

750 meters above sea level. Mrnpanao, Province of Agusan, C. M. Weber

307. Epiphyte on trees in lake.

2. Agrostophyllum inocephalum (Schauer) Ames OrcHIDa-
CEH 2: 148.

MInpDANaAo.

3. Agrostophyllum longivaginatum -4mes in Phil. Journ. Sci.

8: 420.

Leyte, Mrxporo.

[ 87 ]

ORCHIDACE#

4. Agrostophyllum malindangense Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci.
6: 50.
Minpanao.
5. Agrostophyllum Mearnsii-4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 420.

MINDANAO.

6. Agrostophyllum Merrillii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2: 323.

Minporo.

7. Agrostophyllum mindanaense Ames nom. nov. A. pelorioides
Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8: 421, non Schltr.

MINDANAO.

8. Agrostophyllum philippinense 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4:
669.

Luzon, Leyte, Camicury, Nrcros.

9. Agrostophyllum Wenzel sp. nov. Herba epiphytica. Caules
czespitosi, usque ad 3.2 dm. longi, valde complanati, plerumque
1.5 dm. longi. Folia elongata, linearia, acuminata, acuta, usque
ad 5 dm. longa, 1-1.8 cm. lata, subrigida. Vaginee foliorum per-
long, caulem obtecta, vaginee foliorum inferiorum imbricate.
Flores in capitulis sublaxis, 2.2 em. diametientibus dispositi, al-
bidi et flavidi. Pedunculi abbreviati, cum floribus usque ad 1.8
em. longi, vaginulis paucis imbricantibus omnino obtecti, triflori.
Bractez flores subtendentes glumacee, lanceolate, cymbiformes,
4.5 mm. long. Sepala lateralia triangulari-lanceolata, acumi-
nata, acuta, extus in longitudinem leviter carinata, valde concava,
5 mm. longa. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala lineari-triangula
circiter 5 mm. longa, ad basim vix 1 mm. lata. Labellum ad ba-
sim leviter saccatum, saccus antice in laminam retusam produc-
tus, epichilium cordato-ovatum, 3 mm. longum, circiter 3 mm.
latum, acutum, margine involutum, ad basim contractum, leviter
apiculatum. Totum labellum 5 mm. longum, saccus vix 2 mm.

[ 88 ]

ORCHIDACE

latus; lamina retusa, 1.5 mm. longa, 1.5 mm. lata. Gynostemium
circiter 4 mm. longum, prope apicem, antice utrinque, in steli-
dium deflexum obtusum productum; rostellum bifidum. Pol-
linia 8.

In most of the specimens examined the stems were very
short and greatly exceeded by the long gramineous leaves. The
structure of the labellum resembles that of Agrostophyllum glu-
maceum Hook. f. The epichile where it joins the sac is con-
tracted, with the margins inrolled to form a semitubular claw.
Over this claw extends the retuse continuation of the sac. The
epichile appears to arise from the base of the sac or hypochile.

Leyte, Jaro, C.A. Wenzel 0212, September 19, 1913. Epiphyte in for-
est, 60 meters above sea level.

49. GLOMERA Bi.
About sixty-five species have been described. New Guinea is
apparently the centre of distribution. Glomera is distinguished
from Agrostophyllum by its pollinia: Agrostophyllum has eight.
One species has been reported from the Philippines.

1. Glomera Merrillii 4mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8: 419.

MiInDANaAo.

50. PODOCHILUS Bil.
Ten species are natives of the Philippines. Podochilus has four
pollinia, Appendicula six.
§ A pista.
1. Podochilus Cumingii Schltr. in Fedde Rep. 3:19.

Luzon.

2. Podochilus curviunguis Schi/tr. in Fedde Rep. 10: 34.

Bastian, Minpanao, Luzon.
Also Celebes.

[ 89 ]

ORCHIDACEA
3. Podochilus longilabris Ames in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil.
Bot. 5: 1565.
Luzon.
4. Podochilus lucescens B/. Bijdr. 295, fig. 12. P. Robinsoniu
Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 6 : 49, is so similar to P. lucescens that
we can hardly regard it as distinct.

Luzon, Lryrr, NEcRos.
Also Borneo.

5. Podochilus serpyllifolius Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 3:37.
P. curviunguis Schitr. is the only Philippine species which closely
approaches P. serpyllifolius in habit. The labellum, however, is
quite distinctive.

Manna, Meyen fide Schlechter.

Also Java, Borneo.

6. Podochilus strictus 4mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4: 669.
Luzon, Minpanao, BasILan.

§ Diadena.

7. Podochilus bicaudatus Sch/tr. in Fedde Rep. 3:19.
BasILan, Paracua.

8. Podochilus intricatus Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8: 416.
Luzon, Minpanao.

9. Podochilus plumosus Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4: 668.

Minpanao, Luzon.

10. Podochilus Ramosii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 417.

Minpanao.

51. CHILOPOGON Sciltr.

The genus Chilopogon is in part distinguished from Appendi-
cula by the barbate callus on the labellum and by the apiculate
lateral sepals. Four species have been described.

[ 90 ]

ORCHIDACE
1. Chilopogon Merrillu comb. nov. Appendicula Merrillii_A mes
in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8: 418. C. Merrilli is related to C. oxysepa-
lum Schlitr., but is at once distinguishable by the very different
habit. The bilobed, plate-like callus on the disc of the labellum
is copiously barbate hairy.

MInpDAnao.

52, APPENDICULA Bi.
§ Hu-Appendicula.
1. Appendicula anceps Bl. Bijdr. 299.

Basitan, MInDANAO.
Also Java, Borneo, Sumatra, Malay Peninsula.

2. Appendicula Clemensiz Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 415.
Leyte, Luzon, Minpanao.

3. Appendicula cornuta Bl. Bijdr. 302.

Minporo, Patawan, LEYTE.
Also eastern India, Malay Peninsula, Singapore, Java, Borneo, China.

4. Appendicula Fenixii (4 mes) Schltr. in Fedde Rep. Beihefte
1: 336.
BaTAanEs IsLanps.
5. Appendicula malindangensis (4 mes) Schitr. in Fedde Rep.
Beihefte 1: 337.
Minpanao, NEcRos.
6. Appendicula micrantha Lindl. in Ann. Nat. Hist. 15:
386.
Leyte, Luzon, Minpanao, Minporo, Potttio, NEcRos.
7. Appendicula Wenzelii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 :419.
LEYTE.

§ Chaunodesme.
8. Appendicula alba Bl. Bijdr. 299, fig. 40 (A). I have seen a

[ 91 ]

ORCHIDACEA

single specimen, from Mindanao, District of Davao, E. B. Cope-
land, s.n. 1904, which appears to belong to this species.

MINDANAO.

9. Appendicula lucbanense Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8: 415.
This species is almost indistinguishable in habit from A. celebica
Schltr. The inflorescence is slightly different. Further studies
may result in a combination of these species under A. celebica.
Both species are very similar to 4. wytriophora Reichb. f. in
habit.

Neecros, Luzon, Minpanao.
10. Appendicula luzonensis Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 415.
Luzon.
11. Appendicula maquilingensis 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8:
417.
Luzon.

12. Appendicula pendula Bl. Bijdr. 298.

Luzon, Nrcros, Minpanao, Mrinporo.
Also Sumatra.

13. Appendicula perplexa Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 415,

Luzon.
14. Appendicula philippinensis (Sch/tr.) J. J. Smith in Bull.
Jard. Buit. 2d ser. x11, p. 38.
Luzon, Minpanao, Minporo.
15. Appendicula xytriophora Reichb. f. in Seem. FI. Vit.
299.

Leyre, Luzon, Poiitio, Minpanao, Minporo.
Also Perak.

§ Pododesme.
16. Appendicula Elmeri Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8: 416.

Minpanao.

[ 92 |

ORCHIDACE.X

17. Appendicula negrosiana Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8:
418.

NEGROs.

18. Appendicula undulata var. calcarata Ames.

MInpDANAO.
Also Borneo.

19. Appendicula Weberi Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8: 418.

Minpanao.

§ Oligodesme.

20. Appendicula buxifolia B/. Bijdr. 300. A. frutex Ridl. in
Journ. Linn. Soc. 81: 802. A. fruticosa Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci.
8:415.

Specimens referable to this species have been collected in Luzon and

ZINDANAO.

Also Java.
§ Chromatodesme.

21. Appendicula crotalina (Ames) Schltr. in Fedde Rep. Bei-
hefte 1 : 336.

MINpDANAO.

538. POLYSTACHYA Hook.

1. Polystachya minuta Britton in Small’s Fl. So. East. U.S. 328.
P. luteola Hook. Exotic Flora 2: t. 103. This is the only repre-
sentative of the genus in the Philippines. Polystachya is repre-
sented by species in both hemispheres.

Luzon.
Also tropical America.

54. ACANTHOPHIPPIUM Bi.

1. Acanthophippium Mantinianum L. Linden & Cogn. in Journ.

des Orch. 7: 138. This is the only species known to be a na-

tive of the Philippines. About ten species have been recog-
[ 93 ]

ORCHIDACEA

nized from Ceylon, Java, New Guinea, China, Himalaya, and
Celebes.

Luzon.

55. PHAJUS Lour.
Although only eight species have been reported from the Philip-
pines, an increase in this number is to be expected. From dried
specimens it is often impossible to make diagnoses, as the parts of
the flowers become agglutinated and torn. Consequently with-
out alcoholic material and detailed field notes it is difficult to
make satisfactory determinations. About fifty species have been
recognized from New Guinea, Java, Borneo, Perak, Amboina,
Burma, Celebes, Sumatra, Japan, China, Formosa, Fiji, Hong-
kong, Australia, and Ceylon. Phajus grandifolius has been col-
lected in tropical America, where it was originally introduced as
a cultivated plant.

1. Phajus halconensis 4mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2: 323. Phajus
calanthoides Ames ORCHIDACE 2 : 153.

Luzon, Nrecros, Mrnporo.

2. Phajus flavus Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 128.
Luzon.
Also Java.

3. Phajus grandifolius Zour. Fl. Cochinch. 2 : 529.

MInpDANAO.

4, Phajus linearifolius Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7 : 10.

Luzon.

5. Phajus Lyoni sp. nov. Rhizoma valde incrassatum. Radices
valide, elongatz. Caulesin caudice conferta, basiin pseudobulbum
brevem contracti. Vagine elongate, subarcte adpressz. Folia pli-
cata elliptico-lanceolata utrinque acuminata, in petiolum longum
contracta; lamina + 5 dm. longa, usque ad 1 dm. lata. Petiolus

[ 94 ]

ORCHIDACEA

elongatus, usque ad 3 dm. longus. Scapi + 5 dm. alti, laterales,
ad basim vaginis elongatis obtecti. Racemus laxiflorus, + 1.5 dm.
longus. Flores 5-7, leviter deflexi, carnosi; sepala petalaque intus
lutea, extus albida, labellum purpureo-tinctum. Pedicellus cum
ovario circiter 2 cm. longus. Bractez inflorescentiae mox decidue.
Sepala lateralia 3 cm. longa, 1.4 cm. lata, ad basim cuneata, ob-
longi-elliptica, obscure apiculata. Sepalum dorsale simile +3.5 cm.
longum, supra medium 1.3 cm. latum, subunguiculatum, prope
basim circiter 7 mm. latum. Petala quam sepala multo angustiora
usque ad 3.6 cm. longa, anguste oblanceolata vel spathulata, ob-
tusa, circiter 9 mm. lata prope apicem, ad basim circiter 2 mm.
latum. Labellum trilobatum circiter 2.5 cm. longum, ad basim
cuneatum, lobi laterales vix sejuncti, rotundato-triangulares,
obtusi, ad marginem plicati, minute puberuli, integerrimi. Lo-
bus medius valde retusus in sinu leviter apiculatus, transverse
oblongus, latior quam longior, circiter 12 mm. latus, circiter
5mm. longus, integer, plicatus, puberulus. Carine per disco due,
carine duz abbreviate ad basim lobi medii. Calcar abbreviatum,
conicum, 2-3 mm. longum. Gynostemium elongatum, circiter
2 cm.longum, ad apicem dilatatum, tota columna clavata, arcu-
ata, antice puberula vel subglabra.

A near ally of Phajus flavus Lindl., but differing from it in the
absence of hairs from the anterior surface of the column. Phajus
celebica Schltr. is also nearly allied.

Luzon, Zambales Province, W. S. Lyon s. n. 1914. In partly shaded and
open glades.

6. Phajus mindorensis -4mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 : 324.
Mrnporo.
7. Phajus philippinensis N. 4. Brown in Gard. Chron. (1889)

2: 239. Vanoverbergh’s 3886 from Bontoc Subprovince belongs

[ 95 ]

ORCHIDACEA

to this species. The labellum is entire, three-lobed. The bracts are
deciduous.
Luzon.

8. Phajus Ramosu comb. nov. Calanthe Ramosii Ames in Phil.
Journ. Sci. 7 : 12. I originally described this species under Calan-
the, but the labellum is not joined to the column. It is a member
of § Limatodes. It is closely related to Calanthe gracils Lindl.,
but distinct in the construction of the labellum.

Luzon.

56. CALANTHE R. Br.
Probably between one hundred and fifty and one hundred and
eighty species are recognized. The geographical range of the
genus is similar to that of Phajus. Calanthe mexicana Reichb. f.
is a native of the American tropics.

1. Calanthe angustifolia (7) Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 251.

Mrnporo.
Also Java, Sumatra, and Malay Peninsula.

2. Calanthe conspicua Lindl. Fol. Orch. Calanthe, no. 9. C. lila-
cina Loher in Gard. Chron. (1910) 47:66. This is a gigantic Calan-
the, which in the flower before me measures exactly two and one-
half inches from the base of the pedicel to the apex of the large
obcordate labellum. The labellum is 4 cm. long, and across the
widest part of the middle lobe it measures 2.8 em. The spur, 3 cm.
long, slender at its origin, and clavate below the middle, resem-
bling the abdomen of an ichneumon-fly, suggests a sabre as de-
scribed by Lindley. In dried specimens not unlike Phajus flavus
in aspect.

Calanthe hlacina Loher appears to be conspecific. I have not
seen the type of Loher’s species, but the figure and description
in the Gardeners’ Chronicle are sufficiently clear to warrant the

conclusion at which I have arrived.
[ 96 ]

ORCHIDACE

Luzon, Albay Province, Mount Mayon, C. B. Robinson Bur. Sci. 6459,

September 5, 1908. Altitude 435 meters. Sepals and petals purple, label-

lum whiteor yellow. Patawan ? Collected on the island of Bohol fide Rolfe.
3. Calanthe davaensis Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 422.

MINDANAO.

4. Calanthe Elmeri4mes OncHIDACE# 2: 155. Cf. Orch. Rev.
9:142. C. rubens Ridl. is a closely allied species.

Luzon, PaLawan.

5. Calanthe halconensis 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 : 324. Ca-
lanthe halconensis Ames is a near ally of C. phajoides Reichb. f.
(cf. Hook. f. ic. Pl. t. 1864), a species which has been ascribed
to the Philippines. C. phajordes is referred to the synonymy of
C. angustifoha Lindl. by J. J. Smith.

Calanthe maquilingensis Ames is very similar to C. halconensis,
but has deeper labellum lobes. It resembles C. angustifolia.

MINpDoro.

6. Calanthe Hennisii Loker in Gard. Chron. (1909) 46 : 34.

Luzon.
7. Calanthe lacerata Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7 : 11.
Luzon.
8. Calanthe lyroglossa Reichb. f. in Otia bot. Hamb. 53(1878).

Luzon, Patawan, NreGros.

9. Calanthe maquilingensis sp. nov. Herba terrestris, valida.
Folia usque ad 8 dm. longa, permagna, chartacea, flaccida, ob-
longi-lanceolata,acuminata, acuta,ad apicem basimque fastigata,
circiter 11 cm. lata, longipetiolata. Scapus elongatus, tumescens,
in sicco angulatus, foliis vix longior, multiflorus. Bractez inflo-
rescentie deciduz. Pedicellus cum ovario usque ad 2 cm. longus,
gracilis (pendulus?). Flores flavidi. Sepala lateralia lanceolata,
acuta, circiter 1 cm. longa, 4 mm. lata, trinervia. Sepalum dor-

[ 97]

ORCHIDACEA

sale simile. Petala oblanceolata, vel spathulata, trinervia, acuta,
1 cm. longa, 4mm. lata prope apicem. Labellum trilobatum, e
basi labelli usque ad apicem loborum lateralium 7 mm.; lobi lat-
erales obtusi, circiter 1 mm. lati; lobus medius apiculatus, trans-
verse oblongus, 2 mm. longus, 4 mm. latus, lobos laterales vix
excedens, linez due, leviter elevate per discum. Calcar circiter
8 mm. longum, paulatim dilatatum, clavatum. Columna vix 4
mm. longa.

Calanthe maquilingensis in general habit is comparable to C.
pulchra Lindl. In the form of the labellum, however, it is quite
distinct from that species, resembling more closely C. halconen-
sis Ames and C. angustifolia Lindl. The labellum is more deeply
lobed than in C. halconensis.

From the material at hand, which represents two flowering
plants, the scapes appear to be shorter than the leaves.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, W. H. Brown Bur. Sci.
17246, December 7, 1912. Altitude 1000 meters.
10. Calanthe McGregorii Ames in Phil. Journ, Sci. 2: 325.

MInporo.

11. Calanthe mindorensis 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 : 325.

Minporo.

12. Calanthe pulchra Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 250.

Minporo.
Also Java, Sumatra, Singapore, Malay Peninsula, Malacca, and Penang.

13. Calanthe triplicata Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2: 3826. For
synonymy consult Ames OrcHIDACE 2 :159. Calanthe furcata
Batem. and C. veratrifola R. Br. belong here.

Minporo, Leyte, Nrecros, Baranes Istanps, Srsutu, Luzon, Minpanao.

Also New South Wales, Queensland, New Guinea, Amboina, Sumatra,
Borneo, Java, southern India, Ceylon, Cochin China, Formosa, Liukiu,
Fiji Islands, Guam.

[ 98 ]

ORCHIDACEZ
57. ASCOTAINIA Rid.

The genus Ascotainia contains about three species: Ascotainia
penangiana Ridl. from Penang Hill, 4. Hookeriana Ridl. from
Sikkim, and the following:

1. Ascotainia Elmeri comb.nov.'Tainia ElmeriA mes in Elmer's
Leaflets of Phil. Bot. 5:1570.

Luzon.

58. SPATHOGLOTTIS Bi.
About thirty-five species from Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Malay
Peninsula, New Guinea, and Celebes have been described. The
distinguishing characteristics are not clearly understood, conse-
quently it is difficult to differentiate between the species which
have already been described.

1. Spathoglottis aurea Lindl. Journ. Hort. Soc. 5:34. This spe-
cies has been reported from the Philippines, but I have not seen
any material quite referable to it. S. H/mert Ames is a near ally.

2. Spathoglottis chrysantha Ames ORCHIDACE 2: 161.

Luzon.

3. Spathoglottis Elmeri Ames in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil.
Bot. 5:1572. This species exhibits the tendency toward varia-
tion in the middle of the labellum which is characteristic of
S. aurea Lindl. In my herbarium a specimen from the type col-
lection has a linear middle lobe to the labellum without any
indication of lobules or dilation. The basal lobes and the calli
are smooth. The oblong lateral lobes serve to distinguish S. E/-
meri from S. Kimballiana.

Necros, Minporo?

4. Spathoglottis Kimbalhana var. angustifolia Ames var. nov.
Folia linearia, + 40 cm. longa, 5-11 mm. lata, in sicco, valde ner-

vosa, 83—5-nervia. Sepala lateralia 2 cm. longa. Petala 2.5 cm. longa.
[ 99 ]

ORCHIDACEA

Labellum circiter 2 cm. longum, lobo intermedio angustato, gla-
bro; basim versus auriculis duobus triangularibus glabris, lobis
lateralibus magnis auriculeformibus.

The only difference between this variety and Spathoglottis
Kimballiana that I have been able to detect is in the form of the
leaves. From 8. Hilmeri, S. Kimballiana is readily separable by
the auriculate lateral lobes of the labellum.

Luzon, Province of Isabella, Palanan Bay, L. Escritor Bur. Sci. 21149,
June 24, 1913. Flowers yellow. S. Aimballiana is a Bornean species.

5. Spathoglottis plicata Bl. Bijdr. 401. This species is widely

distributed in the Philippines.
Luzon, Minpanao, Nrcros, Baranes Istanps, LEYTE.
It has been reported from the Malay Peninsula, Java, Borneo, Sumatra,
Celebes, Moluccas, New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and the Fiji Islands.
Flowers purplish.

6. Spathoglottis tomentosa Lindi. in Bot. Reg. (1845) sub.
v.19;

Luzon, MInDaANnao.

59. PLOCOGLOTTIS Bi.
Probably thirty-four species are recognized. These are natives
of Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Malay Peninsula, New Guinea, and
Celebes. Five Philippine species have been described.

1. Plocoglottis bicallosum mes in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil.
Bot. 5: 1571.

Minpanao, NEcRos.
2. Plocoglottis Copelandii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2: 326.

Leyte, Luzon, Mrinpanao, Powitio, Necros, Minporo.

3. Plocoglottis lucbanensis 4 mes in Elmer's Leaflets of Phil.
Bot. 5 71572.

Luzon.

[ 100 ]

ORCHIDACEE
4. Plocoglottis mindorensis Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 : 327.

Mrnporo.

5. Plocoglottis Wenzelu sp. nov. Herba terrestris. Caules ad
basim incrassati, fibris elongatis tecti, monophylli. Folium ob-
longi-lanceolatum, acuminatum, acutum, distincte trinervium,
chartaceum, ad basim attenuatum, in petiolum elongatum, sul-
catum, contractum; lamina folii 3—4.5 dm. longa, usque ad 3.5
em. lata. Scapi aphylli a basi caulium laterales, foliis longiores,
usque ad 7 dm. longi, pubescentes, pauci-bracteati, bractee tubu-
lares, adpressae, usque ad 2.5 cm. longe, in sicco scariose, ner-
vose ; bractez inflorescentiz lanceolata, acuminate pubescentes,
circiter 5 mm. longe, pedicellis multo breviores. Pedicellus cum
ovario circiter 1.5 cm. longus, dense pubescens. Racemi elon-
gati, laxi, rhachidi pubescente, + 2 dm. longi. Sepala lateralia ob-
longa, falcata, acuta, extus pubescentia, 1 cm. longa, circiter
4mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale oblongi-lanceolatum quam lateralia
longius, concaviusculum, extus pubescens, + 1 cm. longum, 3.5
mm. latum. Petala lineari, obtusa, 8 mm. longa, 1 mm. lata. La-
bellum quadrato-panduratum, apiculatum, 11.5 mm. longum,
11.5 mm. latum, intus scabridulum. Columna arcuata, pubescens,
ad apicem leviter denticulata, circiter 6 mm. longa. Pollinia 4.

The foliage of Plocoglottis Wenzelii resembles that of P. luc-
banensis Ames and P. bicallosum Ames. From the former species
it is in part easily distinguished by the looser inflorescence, the
flowers of P. luchbanensis being crowded in anabbreviated raceme.
From P. bicallosum, P. Wenzelii is distinguishable by means of
its smaller flowers, very different labellum, and narrower leaves.
P. mindorensis Ames is a near ally, but differs in the foliage.

Leyte, Ormoc, C. A. Wenzel 067, April 28, 1913. Altitude 200 me-

ters above sea level in forest of the foothills. Flower white, yellow, and

purple.
[ 101 ]

ORCHIDACEA
60. PACHYSTOMA B1.

About six species are known. These are natives of New Guinea,
Java, and New Caledonia.
1. Pachystoma pubescens B/. Bydr. 376.

Luzon.
Also a native of Java.

61. EULOPHIA R. Br.

This is a large genus of over one hundred and eighty species, of
which sixty-five or more are natives of tropical Africa. In Malaya,
Polynesia, Australia, and tropical America there are compara-
tively few species.

1. Eulophia dentata Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 6: 51. H. gra-
minea Ames non Lindl. OrcHIDAace# 2:166. The nearest rela-
tive of this species is 7. venosa Reichb. f., which is in part dis-
tinguished by the two carinz on the disc of the labellum. EF. b7-
carinata Hook. f., an Indian species, which is a member of the
group to which &. dentata belongs, is also characterized by a
bicarinate labellum.

A specimen of Hulophia dentata, which I originally referred to
E.. graminea Lindl. in my list of Philippine orchids in Orcut-
DACEZ 2 :166, was sent to me with a note which referred it, per-
haps because of the very glutinous substance prepared from its
bulbs, to Arethusa glutinosa Blanco. There is no doubt but that
Blanco gave special attention to useful plants, and his specific
name glutinosa may have been suggested by the use of the plant
for gluing boxes, violins, ete. It may be that Blanco’s species and
E. dentata are conspecific. Naves referred Arethusa glutinosa to
Geodorum nutans. Blanco’s reference to the use of the glutinous
substance prepared from the plant he described is a cause for the
suspicion that it includes #7. dentata.

Luzon.
[ 102 ]

ORCHIDACEA

2. Eulophia exaltata Reichb. f. in Bonpl. 5:38. Bletia stricta
Presl Rel. Haenk. 1:98. I have been unsuccessful in my efforts
to ascertain just what Philippine plant Pres] described under
Bletia stricta. By elimination, on the basis that everything in my
possession from the Philippines includes everything that could
by any possibility have reached Presl’s hands, Hwlophia exaltata
is indubitably the species in question. The long narrow leaves,
“2-3 nedes longa, ad 9 lineas lata,” are a strong characteristic of
E.. exaltata. The elongated scape, the simple lax raceme, the
floral bracts, broadly lanceolate, the lowermost up to 8 lines long,
the pedicels 8-10 lines long, the divisions of the perianth mu-
cronate, 10 lines long, the three exterior ones oblong-lanceolate,
the interior ones broader, the labellum erect and three-lobed, with
its subascending spur or horn 3 lines long, the rounded lateral
lobes and the rugose crest near the apex, are all descriptive of
F.. exaltata. The only discrepancies are the following: 1. “Perzan-
thium pallide roseum?” But Presl did not know the color. A guess
on his part should not be conclusive evidence that Bletia stricta
has been recorded only once from the Philippines. 2. Middle lobe
of the labellum ovate-obcordate. These words hardly describe
the middle lobe of E. exaltata, nor do they describe the mid-
dle lobe of the labellum of any species of Eulophia yet known
from the Philippines. An obcordate middle lobe immediately sug-
gests some species of Calanthe, but it is improbable that Ble-
tia stricta belongs to any genus other than Eulophia. Accord-
ing to my views it should receive the new combination-name
Eulophia stricta (Presl), with E. exaltata Reichb. f., E. ensiformis
Schltr., ZH. Leschenaultu Bl., and EH. Warburgiana Kranz. as
synonyms.

Minpanao, Luzon.

Also Java.
[ 103 }

ORCHIDACE

3. Eulophia macrorhiza Bl. Fl. Jav. Orch. 155, t. 63.

Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 0121, May 11, 1913. Terrestrial in forest
foothills, 60 meters above sea level. Flowers purple, brown, and yellowish.

Also Java.
4, Eulophia macrostachya Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 183.

Leyte, Mrnpanao.
Also southern India, Ceylon, Sumatra, Moluccas, Java.

5. Eulophia Merrillu sp. nov. Rhizoma? Folia? Scapus 8.8 dm.
altus, basim versus bracteis tubularibus circiter 4 cm. longis. Ra-
cemus laxiflorus, elongatus, flores + 2 cm. distantes, infra race-
mum bractea caulis 2.5 em. longa, linearia, acuta. Bracteae racemi
lineari-lanceolate, valde acuta, in sicco scariose, + 1.5 cm. longe.
Pedicellus gracilis cum ovario 1-1.5 cm. longus. Sepala lateralia
pedi gynostemii inserta, oblongi-elliptica, acuta, 1.2-1.4 cm.
longa, 4.5 mm. lata, quinquenervia, nerviis dorso prominenti-
bus. Sepalum dorsale simile circiter 1.2 cm. longum. Petala mem-
branacea, late spathulata, vix 8 mm. longa, 5 mm. lata, breviter
apiculata, trinervia, nerviis lateralibus ramosis. Labellum 11 mm.
longum, trilobatum, pedi gynostemii insertum, brevissime cal-
caratum, intus valde nervosum, costis duabus parallelis, glabris
apice paulo altioribus, rotundato-terminantibus, lobis laterali-
bus bene brevioribus, seriebus tribus verrucularum a medio labelli
usque ad basim lobi medii; lobi laterales erecti oblique subovato-
trianguli, obtusi vix 3 mm. longi, 3 mm. lati; lobus medius
suborbicularis vix unguiculatus, obtusus, leviter retusus vel un-
guiculatus, vix 4 mm. longus, 6 mm. latus, latior quam longior.

Gynostemium 5 mm. longum in pedem brevem productum.

This is undoubtedly a close ally of Hulophia venosa Reichb. f.
and of E. papuana J. J. Smith. H. Versteegu J. J. Smith, which
Schlechter considers conspecific with H. papuana, is very closely

[ 104 ]

ORCHIDACE

related, differing from H. Merrilii in only slight details, on the
sum of which I rely for specific distinction. Unfortunately H. Ver-
steegii is known to me only through the original description and
the very clear figure in Nova Guinea (8 : 25, t. 9, fig. 25). An-
other close ally of Z. Merrillii is E. bicarinata Hook. f. This is
an Indian species, which is known to me through several spe-
cimens received from the Botanical Department of Northern
India. The flowers are much larger than in EL. Merrillii (labellum
1.7 cm. long in a specimen before me) and the racemes much
more densely flowered. 7. Versteegi appears to be intermediate
between the Indian and the Philippine species in the size of the
flowers. It may be found that /. papuana, EL. Versteegu, E. bi-
carinata, E. Merrill, and several other closely related species,
which have been referred to the synonymy of £. papuana, are
one and the same, representing a widely distributed polymorphic
species.

Minpanao, Province of Surigao, Caraga, FE. D. Merrill 54452, October 6,

1906. Open grassy slopes, + 100 meters altitude. Only one plant seen in

six miles. Flowers pale purple.

6. Eulophia squalida Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1841) Misc. 77.

Luzon, PaLawan.
Also Sumatra, Borneo, Java, Celebes.

7. Eulophia Vanoverberghii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7:13.
This is a near ally of H. Merrillu, at once distinguishable from
it by the almost obsolete lateral lobes, and the more scattered
verruciform papille of the labellum. In #. Merrilla the verruci-
form papille are gathered into three series in front of the paral-
lel fleshy keels which arise at the base of the labellum; in #. Van-
overberghii these papillz are distributed over the five or more
main nerves of the disc. ZH. dentata is easily distinguished from
E. Vanoverberghii and its allies by the conspicuous spur and by

[ 105 ]

ORCHIDACEA

the absence of the fleshy parallel keels on the disc of the label-
lum. The root is said to be edible.

Luzon.

62. GEODORUM Jackson.
Eleven species are apparently distinct. Geodorum is closely allied
with Eulophia. Geodorum nutans, the only representative of the
genus in the Philippines, is well characterized by the nodding
inflorescence of pale pinkish flowers.

1. Geodorum nutans 4 mes ORCHIDACE 2: 164. G. semicris-
tatum Lindl. Fol. Orch. Geodorum, no. 7. For a study of sy-
nonymy the second volume of OrcHIDACE# should be consulted.

Luzon, Patawan, Minpanao, BasuyaneEs Istanps, PoLitto, NEGRos.

63. DENDROBIUM Sw.

Dr. F. Kranzlin in his recent monograph of the Dendrobiine
(1910) admitted over six hundred species in the seven genera,
Dendrobium, Callista, Inobulbon, Sarcopodium, Diplocaulo-
bium, Desmotrichum, and Adrorhizon. In Dendrobium, as lim-
ited in the monograph, 571 species are given place. If we should
adopt the generic groups recognized by Krinzlin, the Philippine
species would be distributed among the following: Dendrobium,
Sarcopodium (Dendrobium acuminatum Rolfe, D. Lyon Ames,
D. stella siloe Ames), Diplocaulobium (Dendrobium Clemen-
ste Ames), and Desmotrichum (Dendrobium chrysographatum
Ames, D. Hurorum Ames, D. interjectum Ames, D. pseudocon-
vexrum Ames, D. purpureo-stelidium Ames, and several other
species).

Dr. R. Schlechter, in Die Orchidaceen von Deutsch-Neu-
Guinea, criticizes the Kranzlin monograph severely,and with the
exception of Cadetia keeps Dendrobium intact and expresses
the opinion that Adrorhizon Hook. f. does not belong to the

[ 106 ]

ORCHIDACEZ

Dendrobiine, but rather to Adrorhizine. Schlechter admits four
subgenera, as follows:

A. Leaves at the base without sheaths. 1. Athecebium.
B. Leaves on conspicuous sheaths.
I. Pseudobulbs or stems fleshy, or with a fleshy swollen zone.
1. Pseudobulbs or stems fleshy or thickened throughout their length.
2. Eu-Dendrobium.
2. Pseudobulbs or stems with only 1-3 fleshy, thickened internodes near
the base. 3. Rhopalolobium.
II. Stems wiry, dry, always very slender. 4. Xerobium.

SYNOPSIS OF THE SPECIES

AUTHENTICALLY REPORTED FROM THE PHILIPPINES

THE genus Dendrobium is of sufficient importance in the Philip-
pines to warrant an effort to distribute the species into groups,
according to their alliances, with brief characterizations. As a basis
of distribution I have chosen the sections admitted by Schlech-
ter in his studies of the orchids of New Guinea. From this ar-
rangement I have excluded doubtful species. In each section the
important distinguishing characters are printed in italics. Those
species which are described in this volume are marked with an
asterisk.

Schlechter’s arrangement is a very natural one. Although he
admits forty-one sections, of which sixteen are represented in
the Philippine Islands, it is much to be preferred to the briefer
arrangement adopted by Kranzlin in the monograph of the Den-
drobiinez in Engler’s Das Pflanzenreich. One cannot help but
feel, however, that Schlechter proposes an unnecessarily large
number of sections in his revisions of genera, and that his tend-
ency is toward complexity rather than simplicity, notwith-
standing his efforts to establish a workable system. His scheme
in Die Orchidaceen von Deutsch-Neu-Guinea is admirable, and

indicates tireless efforts to bring into conformity with modern
[ 107 ]

ORCHIDACE

botanical thought critical groups which have been neglected
until they present hopeless confusion to one who attempts to
understand them. His severe criticism of the Kranzlin mono-
graph, however, which opens the way to him for a new arrange-
ment of the species, although justified, does not take into account
the task which Kranzlin had to perform, and overlooks the sig-
nificant truth that Kranzlin in blazing the way for a comprehen-
sive treatment of the genus Dendrobium was overwhelmed by
the difficulties he encountered in laying the foundations for sub-
sequent monographers. At the same time Schlechter, in the pre-
sentation of his views relative to Dendrobium, is not beyond
criticism. In his Die Orchidaceen von Deutsch-Neu-Guinea, in
spite of his explanation of the forty-one sections into which he
proposes to distribute the species of Dendrobium (thirty of which
are accounted for by the New Guinea flora), he treats of 256
species, the greater part new to science, without a key to clarify
them. It is true that his sections indicate the systematic affini-
ties of his species, but even they fail to give the assistance they
should, as in his diagnoses, if such they may be called, he does
not make his points so clear that one not a student of the group
can understand them and apply them to species which are not
natives of New Guinea, or which are not cited in the work.

Subgenus ATHECEBIUM.

1. § DEsmorricuum. This group is characterized by a marked
tendency to branch. The leaves, one at the summit of each pseudo-
bulb, are not articulated with a sheath. The pseudobulbs termi-
nate the branches.

* 1. D. chrysographatum Ames.

*Q2.D. Eurorum dmes.

* 3. D. interjectum Ames.

[ 108 ]

ORCHIDACE

4. D. plicatile Lindl. The middle lobe is nearly quadrate, fleshy, and
oddly folded.
* 5. D. pseudoconvexum Ames.
*6. D. purpureostelidium Ames.
7. D. scopa Lindl. The terminal lobe of the labellum is deeply fringed,
the lateral lobes are triangular, minutely toothed in front.

* 8. D. unicorne Ames.

Nos. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 8 are described in detail below.

2. §DipLocauLosium. In the Philippine flora, if we except
D. longicolle Lindl., which I have not seen among the collections
I have examined, only one species of this group is known. It is
characterized by an elongated, rigid, unbranched, erect stem, at the
summit of which is a single, ligulate, leathery leaf. In the axil of
the leaf is an erect sheath from which the elongated slender pedi-
cel and its solitary purplish flower arises. The sepals are caudate.

1. D. Clemensize Ames.

3. §Boisipium. This group is recognized by means of its short,
rigid, slender, erect, thickened stems, terminated by a pair of
leathery leaves and ephemeral flowers.

*1. D. cabadbarense Ames.

2. D. hymenanthum Reichb. f.

4. § EupHvesium. The swollen, fusiform pseudobulb which ter-
minates the stem rises weakly from the rhizome and droops ; the
stem between the pseudobulb and the rhizome is very slender.
Leaves, two at the summit, lanceolate, 1 dm. long. Flowers of brief
duration, not hairy.

1. D. spurium J. J. Smith.

5. §Sarcopopium. Readily distinguished by the tetragonal,
yellow, glossy pseudobulbs close to the rhizome, terminated by a
pair of oblong-elliptical leathery leaves and a showy raceme of

yellowish or purplish flowers.

[ 109 ]

ORCHIDACEA

1. D. acuminatum Rolfe. Flowers not purplish. Raceme several decime-
ters long.

2. D. stella silvae (Loher & Kranzlin) Ames. Raceme few-flowered, short.
3. D. Lyonii Ames. Flowers purple, fragrant.

6. § Larourgea. Pseudobulbs elongated, erect, not drooping
from a slender base, diphyllous. Flowers hairy, fleshy, white, with
purple streaks and dots.

1. D. ternatense J. J. Smith.

Subgenus EU-DENDROBIUM
7. § EuGENANTHE. Stems clavate, leafy, flowers showy, yellow,
purple, or violet, mostly in pairs from leafless stems.
1. D. aureum Lindi. Flowers cream yellow.
2. D. superbum Reichb. f. Flowers showy, purple, labellum deep purple.
3. D. Victorize reginee Loher. Flowers violet (“blue”) and whitish, often

in threes.

8. § PLatycauLon. A very distinct group. Pseudobulbs strongly
flattened, 1 dm. high, leafy, about 2.5 cm. wide, only a few milli-
meters thick.

1. D. platycaulon Rolfe. Flowers 3-6 in short racemes, yellowish. The
elongated mentum suggests the next section.

9. § PeDILONUM. Stems more or less cane-lke, never strongly
flattened. This is a large section, characterized in part by an
elongated mentum. Flowers in racemes, few or many, rarely
individually showy, never exceeding 2 cm. in diameter.

1. D. amethystoglossum Reichb. f. Flowers about 3 cm. long, white,
labellum purplish. Racemes 1 dm. long.

2. D. chameleon Ames. Flowers white striped with pink, soon turning

yellow.

3. D. epidendropsis Krdnzl. Flowers wax-like, yellow, glossy, nearly
3 cm. long.

4. D. O’Brienianum Krénzl. Flowers greenish yellow, mentum bent near
the tip, forming a right angle.

[ 110 ]

ORCHIDACE

*5. D. pristinum Ames. Flowers white or pale yellow, about 1 cm. long.

*6. D. pseudaclinia Lindl. (§ Aclinia of Kriinzlin’s monograph). Sepals,
petals, and labellum similar, yellow. Column quadridentate.

7. D. Ramosii Ames. Flower purplish, 1-1.8 cm. long.
8. D. secundum Lindl. Flowers purple, racemes one-sided.

*9. D. topaziacum Ames. Flowers yellow and red, about 1.5 cm. long.

10. $OxYGENIANTHE. Stems elongated. Flowers 4 cm. in diam-
eter, in showy racemes that exceed the leaves. Peduncle itself
shorter than the leaves. Leaves distichous, leathery.

1. D. Dearei Reichb. f. Flowers white, mentum acuminate.

2. D. Sanderze Rolfe. Flowers white and purple. Labellum below the
middle heavily stained or streaked with purple, mentum acuminate.

3. D. Schuetzei Rolfe. Flowers white, mentum short, obtuse.

11. § CeRaTosium. Stems elongated, stout, leafly, leaves very
thick, peduncles lateral, elongated, 2 dm. long, produced near the
summit of the stem, bearing loose racemes of white and purple
flowers.

1. D. taurinum Lindl. Flowers + 5 cm. in diameter on an elongated pe-
duncle.

12. § DisticHopHyLLuM. Stem elongated. Leaves thick, dis-
tichous, close together along the stem. Flowers very fleshy, whit-
ish, solitary, labellum yellowish. Peduncle 3 cm. long, shorter than
the leaves, lateral.

1. D. revolutum Lindl. Flowers hardly equalling the leaves.

Subgenus RHOPALOBIUM.

13. §$RHOPALANTHE. This section is clearly distinguished by
the pseudobulbous thickening of the basal nodes of the otherwise
slender stem. The leaves are flat or terete, and the flowers are
produced along the naked termination of the stems.

1. D. crumenatum Sw. Leaves 7 cm. long, 1.5 cm. wide. Flowers white
or tinged with pink, 4 cm. long.

*2. D. multiramosum Ames. Leaves linear, about 4 cm. long. Stem much
{ PET }

%.
*G.

14.

ORCHIDACEA

branched above the fusiform basal thickening. Labellum 1.4 cm. long,
three-lobed.

. D. philippinense Ames. Leaves terete, 6 cm. long. Labellum entire,

oblong-elliptic.

. D. planibulbe Lindl. Leaves about 4 cm. long, 5 mm. wide. Labellum

with a conspicuous three-toothed callus at the base of the middle lobe.

. D. polytrichum Ames. Leaves terete, 1 dm. long. Labellum deeply

fringed on the middle lobe.

. D. Robinsonii Ames. Leaves 5 cm. long, about 2 mm. wide. Labellum

obscurely three-lobed.
D. Usteri Schltr.
D. Usterioides Ames.

§SrronGYLE. This is an artificial group, which is distin-

guished by unthickened stems and terete or awl-shaped acute

leaves. Probably best joined with § Aporum.

he
2.

D. mindanaense Ames.

D. marivelense Ames OncnipacE® 2 : 180. D. parciflorum Kranzl. non

Reichb. f.

15. § Aporum. The flowers arise from a cushion of fibrous scales

and are often at the nodes of the stem opposite rudimentary

leaves.

1. D. albayense Ames.

2. D. basilanense Ames.

3. D. distichum Reichb. f.
*4, D. Escritorii Ames.

5. D. lunatum Lindl.

6. D. McGregorii Ames.

7. D. Merrillii Ames.

8. D. ventricosum K7rdnzl.
*9. D. Wenzelii Ames.

16.

D. Escritorit and D. ventricosum are, as it were, transitional forms be-
tween § Rhopalanthe and § Aporum. They suggest D. Macfarlanet
Miill., but the stems are not at all thickened at base.

§ OxysTorpHYLLUM. In this section the flowers are sub-
[ 112 ]

ORCHIDACE

tended by zmbricating scarious bracts, and are never borne at the
nodes of the stem opposite rudimentary leaves.

1. D. Brongniartii Ardnzl. This has the aspect of an Aporum species, but
the inflorescence is abnormal in the section. Lindley described it under
Eria as Evia Aporoides, but the number of pollinia indicates closer
affinities with Dendrobium. Probably a new section is necessary.

2. D. cultratum Schltr.
3. D. Elmeri Ames.

17. § Grastipium. The species of this section are character-.
ized by small flowers produced in pairs. Peduncle arising from
between two rigid scale-hke bracts on the stems. Leaves grass-like
except in D. leytense Ames.

1. D. acuminatissimum Lindl. Sepals extraordinarily elongated.

2. D. leytense Ames. Leaves rarely exceeding 5 cm. in length, 7 mm. in
width.

3. D. luzonense Lindl. Labellum three-lobed, terminal lobe obtuse, lat-
eral lobes much reduced.

4. D. ornithoflorum Ames. Labellum three-lobed, sepals triangular,
stems much branched.

5. D. pergracile Ames. Lateral sepals linear-lanceolate. Labellum 5 mm.
long.

6. D. verruculosum Ames. Similar in its flowers to D. ornithoflorum.
Stems not branched.

18. § DoLicnocentrum. To this section D. papilio Loher
seems to belong. In habit it resembles closely D. furcatum Reinw.
The mentum of the labellum, however, is not so spur-like as in
D. furcatum.

1. D. papilio. Loher. Flowers conspicuous, solitary.

1. Dendrobium aciculare Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1840) Mise. 81.
“Caule basi conico angulato sursum tereti, foliis orbicularibus,
flore solitario? terminali galeato, labelli postici trilobi per medium

[ 113 ]

ORCHIDACEA

tricarinati lobi lateralibus rotundatis antice et intermedio ovato
serrulatis.” Lindl. / c.

The type sheet in the Lindley Herbarium bears two speci-
mens. The one that I understand to be the type is a small plant
with “three acicular leaves from the axil of the uppermost of
which springs the short peduncle bearing at its end a cluster of
small dry scales, from which proceeds a single yellowish flower
slightly tinged with pink.” This is the Loddiges plant referred
to in Lindley’s original notice of Dendrobium aciculare. The other
specimen on the type sheet bears three flowers on an elongated
leafless stem. A flowerless leafy stem from the same rhizome bears
four acicular leaves. This specimen is a counterpart of Dendro-
bum philippinense Ames. Kranzlin refers to Cuming 2112 and
Loher 487 as the Philippine representatives of the species. The
Cuming plant, numbered 2112, as I understand it, is the tall,
three-flowered one in the Lindley Herbarium which I regard
as distinct from the type. Loher’s 487 in the specimens I have
examined is flowerless, but is a perfect match in habit for speci-
mens of D. philippinense Ames. The labellum of D. philippinense
is not three-lobed. I have not seen any Philippine material refer-
able to D. aciculare.

2. Dendrobium (§Grastidium) acuminatissimum (2/.) Land.
Gen. & Sp. Orch. 86; J. J. Smith Orch. Jav. 350, fig. 265. Grasti-
dium acuminatissinum £/. Bijdr. 333.

Leyte, Dagami, C. 4. Wenzel 047, November 8, 1912. On trees 100-200
feet above ground. Altitude 60 meters. Flowers odorless, pure white.

8. Dendrobium acuminatum Rolfe ex Ames in Ames OrcHI-
DACEH 1:86; 2:t. 17.

Luzon.

4. Dendrobium aduncum Wall. MS. ex Lindl. in Bot. Reg.
[114 ]

ORCHIDACEA

(1842) Misc. p. 58 (1846), t. 15. The Gardeners’ Chronicle (1886,
1: 726) informs us that this species was originally introduced from
Manila, but I do not find any authoritative source which warrants
such a statement. Under t. 6784 of the Botanical Magazine Sir
J. D. Hooker made the following significant statement: “It is a
remarkable fact that though first published forty years ago, the
native country of D. aduncum has hitherto been a mystery, Wal-
lich having sent it from India under the name it bears with no
further information.” The species is figured in King & Pantling’s
work on the Orchids of the Sikkim-Himalaya. I have not seen
any Philippine material referable to this species, and I doubt very
much if it has ever been found on the islands.

5. Dendrobium albayense Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7 : 14.

Luzon, Necros, MINDANAO.

6. Dendrobium aloefolium Fezchb. f. in Walp. Ann. 6 : 279.
Kranzlin refers D. Merrillii Ames to this species, but without
right. D. aloefolium has not been found in the Philippines. Cf.
Ames in Philippine Journal of Science 4 : 599.

7. Dendrobium amethystoglossum eichb. f. in Gard. Chron.
(1872) 109; Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 5968.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, W. S. Lyon 157. Epiphyte, growing in
moss, 1400 meters altitude. Flowers milk white. Labellum deeply stained
with amethyst purple. Plant robust, forming clumps of 15 to 20 canes,
1 meter tall.

8. Dendrobium aureum Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 77 (1830).
D. heterocarpum Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 78.

Luzon, Mrinpanao.
Also tropical Himalaya, Malabar Coast, Ceylon, Burma, Java.

9. Dendrobium auroroseum Reichb. f. Bonpl. 5: 56. I only
know this from the original description. J. J. Smith refers it to

[ 115 ]

ORCHIDACEA

the synonymy of D. nudum Lindl. Kranzlin doubts the correct-
ness of this treatment.

“Aff. D. sanguinolento (labello tamen subintegro): caule sim-
plici, foliis lanceolatis acutis, sepalis lateralibus in perulam zqua-
lem obtusam productis, labello cuneato dilatato bilobo, callo ob-
tusangulo ante sinus loborum. Caulis bipedalis pleistophyllus.
Vagine foliorum dejectorum retuso cupulate (igitur ample).
Foliorum tela membranaceam inter et carnosam. Racemi later-
alis bi- triflori. Bracteae lanceolatz acutz ovarii longe pedicellati
sextam-septimam eaequantes. Flores illis Dendrobii crumenati;
longitudine sc. diametro per ovarium verticali, contra altera
diametro breviores. Sepalum summum ovatum acutiusculum.
Sepala lateralia triangula longe producta apice libero obtusa.
Labellum ante imum pedem gynostemii ibi insertum, ubi co-
alescunt sepala lateralia per longitudinem anticam prope fissa
(more Eriarum Dendrobiorum quorundam, Pelexiz, Diadenii).

“Bliithen rosa-orange. An Baiimen des Berges Smiru, 4—5,
2-4, x. 44. Nr. 231.” Reichb. /. c.

10. Dendrobium basilanense 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7:14.

Minpanao, BasILan.

11. Dendrobium Brongniartii A7dnzl. Dendrobiine 210. Hria
aporoides Lindl. belongs here if Kriinzlin’s conclusions are
adopted. His treatment of Aporum incrassatum Brong., which he
regards as conspecific with Hria aporoides, is from my point of
view absolutely defensible. The drawing of the labellum in the
original plate of 4. incrassatum, even with its supposed inaccura-
cies, is too much like the labellum of EZ. aporordes to be relied on
for specific differentiation. Schlechter’s treatment of E. aporoides,
for which he proposes a new section under Eria, is without
botanical support if we regard the number of pollen masses as a

[ 116 ]

ORCHIDACEA

generic difference between Eria and Dendrobium. E. aporoides
has four pollen masses cohering in pairs and is a true Dendro-
bium. Schlechter’s #. decipiens from Celebes is a near ally of
D. Brongnartu, differing from it in having a smooth labellum.

Luzon, Leyte, Mrinpanao, Basivan.

12. Dendrobium Bullenianum Feichdb. f: in Bot. Zeit. 20 : 214.
D. erythroxanthum Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. (1874) 2 :162. This
may include D. topaziacum Ames. It has larger flowers.

13. Dendrobium bursigerum Lindi. in Journ. Linn. Soe. 3:17.
This is hardly distinct from D. secundum Lindl.

14. Dendrobium cabadbarense sp. nov. Aff. D. hymenantho
Reichb. f. Pseudobulbi conferti, flavidi, 1.5-3.5 em. longi, quad-
rangulari. Caulis infra pseudobulbos gracilis, internodia 2 vel 3
basilaria subteretia, caules cum pseudobulbis usquead 7 cm. longi.
Folia duo ad apicem pseudobulbi, coriacea, oblongi-elliptica,
usque ad 2.8 cm. longa, 7 mm. lata, obtusa. Flores terminales,
longi-pedicellati, vix 1 cm. longi, in sicco flavidi. Pedicellus cum
ovario circiter 13 mm. longus, pergracilis. Sepala lateralia, oblique
triangularia, acuta, mentum valde obtusum fere 7 mm. longum
formantia, cum mento 9 mm. longa. Sepalum dorsale lanceola-
tum, 4 mm. longum, 1.75 mm. latum subacutum. Petala quam
sepalum dorsale multo angustiora, oblonga, subacuta, 4 mm.
longa. Labellum simplex, oblongum, ad apicem leviter retusam
et denticulatum vel crenulatum,8 mm. longum, 3.5 mm. latum, in
disco prope apicem labelli irregulariter cristatum. Gynostemium

brevissimum.

This species differs from Dendrobium hymenanthum Reichb. f.
in its smaller flowers and more slender habit.

Mixpanao, Province of Agusan, Cabadbaran, C..M. Weber 192 (Hb.
Ames 12651), August 8, 1911. Epiphyte on trees in swamp.

[117]

ORCHIDACEAE

15. Dendrobium carinatum Willd. Sp. Pl. 4: 133. An unknown
species which Kranzlin referred doubtfully to § Aporum. All ref-
erences to this species agree in citing Petiver’s Bontia luzonica
as the type, but no adequate description was ever published. The
only satisfactory evidence as to the identity of the plant is Peti-
ver’s figure on Plate 44 of his Gazophylacium. This figure exhibits
a species of § Rhopalanthe, and suggests D. Robinsonu Ames. It
has the characteristic habit of D. crumenatum Sw., but the leaves
are terete and rigid. The likelihood of D. carinatum being con-
specific with D. Robinsoni is increased when the distribution of
D. Robinsonii, which is common in Luzon, is considered. In view
of Petiver’s figure I am unable to understand Kranzlin’s sugges-
tion that D. carinatum might be a representative of § Aporum.

16. Dendrobium ceraula Reich. f. in Linnea 41: 40. “Caule
gracili, foliis densis, vaginis apice laxis, laminis oblongo lanceo-
latis apice subtilier tridentatis papyraceis, floribus geminatis, se-
palo dorsali lanceo, reliquis sepalis tepalisque breviori, omnibus
lanceolatis acutis, sepalis lateralibus in cornu gracile ascendens,
curvum, dimidiam longitudinem zequans extensis, labello ima basi
unguiculato dein humerato (si mavis utrinque semicordato) ob-
longo lanceolato, antrorsum ante apicem dilatato, callo parvulo
cornuto utrinque in basi ante unguem, carinis interjectis ternis,
columna brevi, angulo dorsali lineari, angulis lateralibus obtus-
angulis lobulatis.

“Flos illi Dendrobii transparentis zqualis, inde unciam paulo
longitudine sepalorum excedens. Folia ad tres pollices longa, vix
dimidium pollicem lata.

“Luzon, Jagor 895, 896 (Ex herb. regio. Berolinensi).”

In a note Kranzlin said of this species: “ Planta parvula, flores
fere hyalini illis D. transparentis Lind]. subsimilis, mento circu-

[ 118 ]

ORCHIDACE#

lum formante inter omnes eximia.” The circle formed by the
mentum must have suggested the specific name ceraula, which
means a trumpeter or hornblower. Sepals and petals white, 2.3-
2.5 cm. long, 6-7.5 mm. wide.

17. Dendrobium cerinum feichb. f: in Gard. Chron. (1879)
2: 554. The original account of the species gives the habitat as
the Malay Archipelago, which is, of course, indefinite. Ridley
(Journ. Linn. Soc. 32: 263) under D. sanguinolentum Lindl. as-
cribes D. cerinum to the Sulu Archipelago, where it was collected
by Burbidge. Ridley regards this species as a variety of D. san-
guinolentum, at least he says that it is hardly distinct from
D. sanguinolentum var. cerinum. 1 have not seen any material
from the Philippines comparable with this species.

18. Dendrobium chameleon Ames ORCHIDACE 2:174.

Luzon.

19. Dendrobium chrysographatum sp. nov. Aff. D. angustifolio
Lindl. Caules ramosi, penduli, 1.5—8 dm. longi, lutei, nitidi, 2mm.
in crassitudine, teretes. Pseudobulbi monophylli, in sicco valde
rugosi, lutei, nitidi, 2.5-3 cm. longi, cylindracei, ad basim apicem-
que leviter fastigati. Folium lanceolatum, obtusum vel subacu-
tum, usque ad 7.5 cm. longum, circiter 1 cm. latum, subcoria-
ceum, ad basim apicemque fastigatum. Racemi brevissimi, brac-
teze paucee, scariose in basi. Flores singuli, succedanei, flavidi,
14-15 mm. longi. Sepala lateralia oblique triangula obtusa, men-
tum magnum, 9 mm. longum formantia, cum mento 11 mm.
longa, 6-7 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale vix 5 mm. longum, ovatum.
Petala circiter 4 mm. longa, oblonga, ad apicem rotundata. La-
bellum vix 12 mm. longum, ad apicem 6 mm. latum, ad basim
circiter 1 mm. latum, trilobatum, lobi laterales rotundati ad
apicem, latiores quam longiores, circiter 2 mm. lati, 1 mm. longi,

[ 119 ]

ORCHIDACEH

lobus medius in ambitu quadrato-orbicularis, antice profunde
bifidus, latior quam longior, 4.5 mm. longus, 6 mm. latus, lobuli
2.5 mm. lati, 2 mm. longi; lamella in disco duz, ad basim lobi
medi crista carnosa stat.

To this species I refer specimens previously identified with
Dendrobium angustifolium Lindl., namely Vanoverbergh 708,
709, 1846, Ramos 12123, Williams 674, all from Luzon.

From D. angustifolium, D. chrysographatum differs in the lob-
ing of the labellum and in the crest at the base of the middle
lobe.

Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Bauco, Father M. Vanoverbergh 1522, Au-
gust 10, 1912. Altitude 1650 meters.

20. Dendrobium Clemensiz Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7 : 16.
This may be the species which has been referred to D. longicolle
Lindl.

Necros, MINDANAO.

21. Dendrobium cceleste Loher in Gard. Chron. (1897) 2 : 1.
Krinzlin suspected that this and D. Victorie regine Loher are
conspecific. Loher states that D. celeste grows at an elevation of
about 2500 meters. “‘ Oaks, Rhododendrons, Azaleas and Myrtles
are its only companions.” The habit suggests D. Victorie regine
and D. sanguinolentum.

22. Dendrobium conostalix Feichb. f. in Walp. Ann. 6 : 292.
Krinzlin cites Cuming 2053 as of Philippine origin. In Vidal’s
Phanerogame Cumingianz Philippinarum this number of Cum-
ing’s collections is referred to Singapore. Vidal cites Hulophia
squalda Lindl. under Cuming 2053. I have examined Hose 145
from Borneo (Krinzlin cites this number under D. conostal),
but I do not find any material among the collections from the
Philippines that matches it. I have also examined specimens of

[ 120 ]

ORCHIDACE

D. paludicola Schitr., a species which Kranzlin refers to D. co-
nostalix, but it does not suggest any Philippine material that I
have studied. D. conostalix belongs to § Grastidium; the leaves
are about 2 cm. long, 1 cm. apart, and at the apex deeply bifid.
The sheaths of the leaves are covered with dark brown hairs.
In Beit. z. Kenntnis der Phil. u. ihrer Veg. etc. A. Usteri reports
this species from Negros on the strength of an identification
made by Schlechter.

23. Dendrobium crumenatum Sw. in Schrad. Journ. 2 : 237.
This is a widely distributed species in the Philippines.
Minpanao, Camicurn, Poritio, Leyte, Patawan, Luzon.
Also reported from Tenasserim, Ceylon, Andaman Islands, Malay Penin-
sula, southern China, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Timor, Amboina, Moluccas.
24, Dendrobrium cultratum Sch/tr. in Fedde Rep. 10:71. D.
atropurpureum 4wth. not Mig. As represented in the Philippines
D. cultratum Schltr. is extremely variable and may include more
than one species. The labellum is ligulate fleshy, somewhat di-
lated and rounded above the middle with a sharp triangular tooth
underneath near the tip, and a densely, but very shortly papillose
surface and margin above the middle. EK. D. Merrill’s 592 from
Culion Island is known to me through a specimen in the United
States National Herbarium. The plants are flowerless. In habit
they agree with D. cultratum. This number of Merrill’s collec-
tion is published under D. sitnwatum Lindl. in Perkins’s Frag-
menta, and was determined by Schlechter. Kranzlin cites this
same number under D. sinwatum in his monograph.

Poumto, Minpanao, Paraway, Luzon, Srpuru, NEGRos, Minporo,

CuLtion.
Also Celebes.

25. Dendrobium cumulatum Lindl. in Gard. Chron. (1855) p.
756. Krianzlincites Loher 491 under this species in hismonograph.
[ 121 ]

ORCHIDACEA

In the United States National Herbarium there is a specimen
from Loher’s collection bearing this number which is conspe-
cific with D. crumenatum Sw. Kranzlin also cites Cuming 2045
under D. cumulatum, but Cuming’s 2045 in the British Museum
is conspecific with D. crumenatum Sw. Under D. crumenatum
Krinzlin cites this Cuming number again. The question arises,
was Cuming’s 2045 a mixture of D. crumenatum and D. cumu-
latum? Even so, it is almost beyond belief that Loher’s 491 was
also a mixture of these two very dissimilar species. Such like-
lihood of confusion is scarcely borne out by the evidence that
D. cumulatum, if a Philippine species at all, must be extremely
rare. In the Gray Herbarium there is a specimen of D. cumula-
tum Lindl. from the Sikkim-Himalayan region, distributed by
King and Pantling, which is quite distinct from any Philippine
species of which I have any knowledge. Krinzlin’s citation of
specimens, which I regard as wholly incorrect, is the only evidence
of a Philippine origin for D. cumulatum which I have been able to
detect. I have included D. cwmulatum in this list simply for the
purpose of correcting what appears to be an extraordinary error
in citation of specimens in Krinzlin’s Dendrobiine (Engler’s Das

Pflanzenreich). It is very unlikely that D. cuwmulatum Lindl. is a
native of the Philippines.

26. Dendrobium Dearei FReichb. f. in Gard. Chron, (1882) 2:
361.

Minporo, Drnacar.

27. Dendrobium distichum Reichd. f.in Linnea 41: 89. Schis-
moceras disticha Pres? Rel. Haenk. 1: 96, t. 13. D. thysanopho-
rum Schitr. is a nearly allied species. In habit I find it difficult
to distinguish between them. My material of D. thysanophorum
is flowerless. Petiver (Gazophylacium, pl. 103, fig. 16) figured a

f 122 ]

ORCHIDACE

specimen probably from a plant collected by Camelli and re-
ferred to in Ray’s Historia Plantarum, vol. 3: App. 34, no. 21.

Luzon, Potiio, Sutu ARrcHIPELAGO.

28. Dendrobium Elmeri Ames in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil.
Bot. 5 : 1573. In habit practically inseparable from D. hypodon
Schltr., a species from Celebes, but in the structure of the label-
lum clearly distinct. My specimens of the co-types of D. hypodon
Schltr. are flowerless, but Schlechter’s description of the label-
lum of the type does not apply to the labellum of D. Hilmeri,
which is most conspicuously toothed underneath near the apex,
and which is verruculose on the upper surface. In D. Elmeri
the flowers are lateral. In D. hypodon they are terminal.

Luzon.

29. Dendrobium epidendropsis AK7rdnzl. in Orchis 2 : 79, t. 12.

Luzon.

30. Dendrobium Escritoru sp.nov. Caulis a basi medium usque
foliatus, supra nudus. Caules elongati, ancipites, usque ad 3 dm.
alti, supra graciles. Folia disticha, ad 1 em. inter se distantia, va-
ginantia, pars vaginans circiter 1 cm. longa, valde complanata, to-
tum folium ensiforme, a latere visum falcato-lanceolatum, circiter
2.5 cm. longum, vix 5 mm. altum, acutum, folia suprema minora
deinde subito desinentia, pars aphylla caulis usque ad 21 cm.
longa, pluri-articulata. Flores flavidi (succedanei?), 12 mm. longi.
Sepala lateralia oblique lanceolata, acuta, 7 mm. longa, vix 4mm.
lata, mentum obtusum, 5 mm. longum formantia. Sepalum dor-
sale lanceolatum, acutum. Petala lineari-spathulata, acuta, 6 mm.
longa, circiter 1 mm. lata. Labellum a basi cuneatum, deinde tri-
lobatum, lobis lacerato-dentatis; lobi laterales vix distincti, ali-
quando obscuri, lamina labelli flabellata margine lacerata. Ultra
medium disci callus cristatus, lineee due elevatulz per discum,

[ 123 ]

ORCHIDACE

totum labellum 1 cm. longum, 1 cm. latum. Gynostemium sec-
tionis.

In general habit Dendrobium Escritora resembles D. chryso-
tainium Schltr. from Celebes, but the stems are not swollen at
base. D. chrysotainium, aside from the equitant leaves, agrees with
the species of §Rhopalanthe. The labellum is very obscurely
trilobed. In several flowers examined the lobing was obsolete,
the general outline of the labellum being cuneate-flabellate. The
divisions of the fringed margin are about 1 mm. long.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Guinayangan, L. Escritor Bur. Sci. 20683,
March 20, 1913; Camarines Province, Mount Isarog, M/. Ramos Bur. Sci.
22019, November and December, 1913. Flowers white.

31. Dendrobium Eurorum sp. nov. Sympodium productum
1-4 dm. longum, longe vel breve pendulum, ramosum, articu-
latum, terete. Pseudobulbi monophylli, fusiformes, complanati,
usque ad 4 cm. longi, circiter 1 cm. in crassitudine, flavidi in sicco,
rugosi, oblique ascendentes, 4—9.5 cm. distantes. Folium lanceo-
latum, acuminatum, valde acutum, in siceo subcoriaceum, ad
basim rotundatum, 7.5-10 cm. longum, 2-3 cm. latum. Flores
semper singuli (succedanei?) ex axilla folil orientes; bractez sca-
riose, quam pedicelli tenues multo breviores, congestz. Sepala
lateralia oblique triangula, mentum obtusum, 4 mm. longum
formantia, circiter 5 mm. longa, cum mento 7 mm. longa, ad
apicem obtusa, vix acuta. Sepalum dorsale ovato-ellipticum,
concaviusculum, 4 mm. longum, circiter 2 mm. latum. Petala
oblongi-lanceolata, vel anguste ovata, valde obtusa, 4 mm. longa,
vix 2 mm. lata. Labellum e basi cuneatum, deinde trilobatum;
lobi laterales obtusi, circiter 1 mm. longi, e basi labelli usque ad
apicem loborum lateralium 4 em., lobus intermedius multo ma-
jor, oblongus, antice profunde bilobulus, 4.5 mm. longus, 2 mm.

latus ; lobuli semiorbiculares, obtusi, 1.5 mm. longi, vix 1.5 mm.
[ 124 ]

ORCHIDACE

lati; totum labellum 7 mm. longum; lamelle crenulatz due per
discum ab ipsa basi pene ad basim lobulorum anteriorum, la-
mella brevissima in disco lobi medii interposita. Gynostemii pars
libera brevis, stelidia magna.

Not unlike Dendrobium appendiculatum (Bl.) Lindl. in habit.
The keels of the labellum are distinctly crenulate or wavy along
the free edge. The median keel is much shorter than the laterals,
and extends along the centre of the middle lobe to the base of
the sinus formed by the terminal lobules.

Leyte, C. 4. Wenzel 065, May 17,1913. On trees at great height. Alti-
tude 120 meters above sea level. Flowers flesh-colored.

32. Dendrobium Gerlandianum Krdnzl. in Fedde Rep.6 : 317.
From the original description this would seem to approach
D. philippinense Ames. I have not seen the type.

33. Dendrobium gracile Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 91. Onychium
gracile BI. Bijdr. 327. J. J.Smith suspected that this and D. tenel-
lum Lindl. might be conspecific. I have seen the type of D. tenel-
lum, and if Smith’s suspicions are justified, no Philippine species
referable to D. gracile is represented in the Bureau of Science
collections, nor in the collections made for me by Vanoverbergh
in Luzon, by Weber in Luzon, Mindanao, and Palawan, and by
Wenzel in Leyte.

34. Dendrobium hymenanthum Ferchb. f- in Bonpl. 38 : 222.

Luzon, Mriypanao.

35. Dendrobium interjectum sp. nov. Sympodium productum,
terete, circiter 1.5 dm. longum. Pseudobulbi subcylindracei vel
fusiformes, in sicco valde rugosi, monophylli, circiter 1.5 cm. dis-
tantes. Folium lineari-lanceolatum ad apicem inzqualiter bilo-
bum, ad basim profunde sulcatum, circiter 6 cm. longum, usque

ad 9 mm. latum, in sicco subcoriaceum. Flores semper singuli,
[ 125 ]

ORCHIDACEAE

succedanei, ex axilla folii orientes vix 1 cm. longi. Sepala later-
alia cum mento, 7 mm. longa, oblique triangula, acuta, mentum
obtusum 4 mm. longum formantia, in sicco flavida. Sepalum dor-
sale ovatum, circiter 3 mm. longum, vix 2 mm. latum, subacu-
tum. Petala linearia, acuta, trinervia, 3.5 mm. longa, 1 mm. lata.
Labellum circiter 8 mm. longum, e basi cuneatum, deinde tri-
lobatum. Lobi laterales rotundati, obtusi, e basi labelli ad apicem
loborum lateralium 4 mm. Lobus medius oblongus, multo major
quam lobi laterales, ad apicem forcipatus, divisionibus 2 mm.
longis, 1 mm. latis, divaricatis. Linez elevate duc per discum,
inter lobos laterales, in lamellas permagnas in lobo medio ex-
pansze. Gynostemii pars libera brevis, androclinio denticulato.

This species was found mingled with specimens of Dendrobium
Eurorum Ames. The type consists of three plants preserved in
my herbarium. D. interjectum is a close ally of D. angustifolium.
From dried specimens the flowers appear to have been whitish
or yellowish, with the apical third of the labellum yellow and the
basal two-thirds deep purple. Through the basal portion of the
labellum run two raised lines which suddenly dilate at the base
of the midlobe into large deep purple lamellz. The midnerve of
the labellum is prominent.

Leyte, C. A. Wenzel 065a, May 17, 1913.

36. Dendrobium leytense sp. nov. Rhizoma breve, radicosum.
Caules aggregati, stricti, infra teretes, superne complanati, + 3
dm. alti, pluri-articulati, foliosi, nternodia 1-3 cm. longa, foliorum
vagina tecta, vagine scabre nitida. Foliorum laminz oblongi-
lanceolate, obtuse, apice bilobule, paulum inequales, coria-
ceze, siccee viridi-lutez, valde nervosz, usque ad 5 cm. longe, 11
mm. lata, suberectz. Racemi brevissimi, vaginis duabus conchi-
formibus vestiti, biflori. Pedicelli circiter 5 mm. longi. Sepala

[ 126 ]

ORCHIDACE

lateralia e basi triangula, subfalcata, acuminata, acuta, mentum
conicum curvulum, obtusum formantia, 6 mm. longa. Sepalum
dorsale lanceolatum, acutum, concaviusculum, 5 mm. longum.
Petala linearia, acuta, trinervia, 6 mm. longa, circiter .5 mm. lata.
Labellum 7 mm. longum brevi-unguiculatum, deinde cunea-
tum, trilobum, lobi laterales rotundati, circiter 2 mm. lati, leviter
crenulati; lobus medius triangularis, 2.5 mm. longus, 2.5 mm.
latus, subacutus. Mentum 3-4 mm. longum. In disco labelli linea
elevata, sulcata, a basi ipsa medium labelli usque decurrens ibi-
que in processus setiformes mutans.

Dendrobium leytense in general habit resembles D. piesto-
caulon Schitr., from which it differs in its broader leaves and more
strongly complanate stems. The labellum is not at all fleshy, or
thickened at the tip, in dried specimens. Besides the type I have
examined many specimens collected by Wenzel (0415) in Leyte,
which bear flowers 1 cm. long with lips 9 mm. long. From the
material at hand the sepals and petals appear to have been yel-
lowish, the labellum tinged with pale purple.

Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 082, January 15, 1913. On trees at great
height. Altitude 60 meters above sea level. Flowers greenish-yellow and
pink.

37. Dendrobium longicolle Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1840) Mise. 74.
This species has been ascribed to the Philippines, but not with
surety. Cf. D. Clemensice.

38. Dendrobium lunatum Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 3: 4.

PALAWAN.

39. Dendrobium luzonense Lind. in Bot. Reg. (1844) Mise. 54.

D. alagense Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci, 2: 328.
Mrxpanao, Mrnporo, Leyte, Luzon.
40. Dendrobium Lyonii 4mes OrcHIDACE# 2:177.

Luzon.

[ 127 ]

ORCHIDACE
41. Dendrobium McGregorii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7:17.

Po.iL1o.

42, Dendrobium marivelense Ames ORCHIDACEH 2:180. D.
pareiflorum Krdnzl. non Reichb. f.

Minpanao, Luzon.

43. Dendrobium Merrillii-4mes ORCHIDACE# 2 :181. A flower-
less and leafless specimen collected in Luzon by the Wilkes Ex-
pedition is in the Gray Herbarium. I refer it to this species.

Po.itto, Luzon.

44, Dendrobium metachilinum Reichd. f. in Bonpl. 3 : 222.
Cuming’s no. 2057 is referred to this species in Vidal’s Phanero-
game Cumingiane Philippinarum. Kranzlin refers this Cuming
number to the Malacca collections, although the note on page 88
of Vidal’s list refers nos. 2053-2058 to the collections made at
Singapore. According to R. A. Rolfe (Journ. Linn. Soe. 21: 287,
and Kew Bull. 1908, p.119), Cuming’s nos. 2252-2399 repre-
sent the plants from Malacca. Rolfe also states that nos. 1-2252
were collected in the Philippines. Reichenbach described his
species from Cuming’s no. 2057, and gave the place of origin as
the Philippines. Hooker in the Flora of British India (5 :733)
cites Cuming without number and gives Malacca as a habitat.
Finally, Ridley, in his Materials for a Flora of the Malayan
Peninsula, refers the species to Malacca, and states that it is
endemic. I have not seen any Philippine material.

45. Dendrobium mindanaense 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8: 423.

Minpanao, Leyte, Porttio, Luzon, NEcRos.

46. Dendrobium modestum Perchd. f. in Bonpl. 8 : 222. I have
been unable to recognize this species among the specimens I have
examined. Reichenbach records the type as a native of Manila
collected by Llanos. Krinzlin in his monograph cites a Cum-

[ 128 ]

ORCHIDACE

ing specimen preserved in the Lindley Herbarium. Reichenbach
referred D. modestum to §Strongyle, and ascribed to it affinity
with D. aciculare Lindl. D. aciculare Lindl. is a representative of
§ Rhopalanthe. Only two species of §Strongyle from the Philip-
pines are known to me, and while neither of them is referable to
D. modestum, they show no affinity with D. aciculare.

47. Dendrobium multiramosum sp. nov. Aff. D. tenuicauli Hook.
f. Caules conferti, a rhizomate breve, 4 dm. alti, supra ramosi,
pluri-multi-articulati, basi per 10 cm. (+ 4 internodia) leviter
fusiformes, suleati, 5-8 mm. in diametro, internodia 2.5—4 cm.
longa. Ramuli+5 cm. longi, graciles. Folia pauca dissita, linearia
usque ad 9 cm. longa, in sicco circiter 1 mm. lata, rigida. Flores
singuli. Ovarium cum pedicello circiter 1 cm. longum, gracile. Se-
palum dorsale anguste ellipticum, obtusum, vix 1 em. longum,
circiter 3 mm. latum, membranaceum. Sepala lateralia antice
triangula 1 cm. longa, ad apicem leviter cucullata, acuta, postice in
mentum obtusum, 1 cm. longum productum. Petala oblonga, ro-
tundata, subacuta, ad basim leviter attenuata, 9 mm. longa, cir-
citer 3mm. lata, per medium trinervia, pauci-reticulata. Labellum
1 cm. longum, cuneato-unguiculatum, circiter 9 mm. latum, supra
medium trilobatum margine subtiliter crenulatum; lobi laterales
truncati, labellum e basi gynostemii ad apicem loborum later-
alium 1 cm. longum, lobus medius quadratus ad apicem rotun-
datus, obscure apiculatus, 4 mm. longus, 4 mm. latus, linee per
discum 3, vix prominentes, discus prope medium lobi medii pu-
berulus. Columna 2 mm. longa, stelidia magna obtusa.

In the type the pseudobulb is covered by a thin grayish mem-
branous sheath. Above the pseudobulb the stem is hardly 2 mm.
thick, and at intervals of from 3 cm. to 4 cm. gives off horizontal
branches, at the base of which rootlets arise. The flowers are borne

[ 129 ]

ORCHIDACEA

on three branches and spring from a small scarious membranous
sheath. R. S. Williams 1934, which Krinzlin referred to Den-
drobium papilio Loher, appears to belong here. It has the same
habit as D. multiramoswm and a very similar labellum. D. Bluma
Lindl. and D. tenwicaule Hook. f. are near allies, but differ in
habit and in the lobing of the labellum. In the specimen col-
lected by Williams there are no rootlets on the lateral branches.
Luzon, Rizal Province, W. 8. Lyon 42 (Hb. Ames 10893), January.
Flowers lasting only one day, pale greenish yellow, lateral lobes of the
labellum streaked with reddish-brown lines inside. Altitude 100-200
meters.

48. Dendrobium O’Brienianum K7rdnzl. in Gard. Chron.
(1892) 71: 266. D. striatum Hort. Gard. Chron. (1905) 2 :382 is
probably the variety of D. O’Brientanum to which a reference
was made in the Orchid Review (1894) 286. Mr. R. A. Rolfe
informed me, in a letter dated December 24, 1905, that this is
undoubtedly the variety striatum of D. O’Brienianum. Krinz-
lin referred D. striatum to the imperfectly known species in his
monograph. This species is known to me through cultivated
specimens only. In my herbarium there is a specimen from F.
Sander & Sons said to have been sent by Micholitz from Luzon.

49. Dendrobium ornithoflorum_4 mes ORCHIDACE 8:60,t. 46.

MINDANAO.

50. Dendrobium papilio Loker in Gard. Chron. (1897) 1: 416.
D. Vanoverberghii 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci.8 : 425, t. 13. Shortly
after my description of D. Vanoverberghi was published, Mr. A.
Loher informed me that it was conspecific with his D. papilio.
In April, 1914, I wrote to Mr. Loher and requested him to send
me a traced sketch of the type of his species, or a fragment,
or information as to herbaria in which the type or co-types could
be found. Up to April, 1915, no reply from Mr. Loher was re-

[ 130 ]

ORCHIDACEH

ceived. The identity of D. papilio has been a puzzle, and to make
matters worse Krinzlin in his monograph cited only one speci-
men under it, a plant collected by Williams (1934), which accord-
ing to material in my herbarium is in no way comparable with
D. papilio, if D. papilio and D. Vanoverberghi are conspecific.
Krinzlin had not seen the type, but his citation of specimens
being that of a monographer, was to my mind conclusive. His
description agreed with my duplicate of Williams 1934. In the
original description of D. papilio in the Gardeners’ Chronicle,
D. papilio is ascribed to § Crumenata and characterized as very
much branched. Mr. Loher wrote in his letter of April, 1914, that
the original description should be emended so that the word
“multicaule” becomes “ramosissimum.” In the original descrip-
tion of D. Vanoverberghi the racemes were characterized as one-
flowered. From the very clear photograph reproduced in Plate
xm of the Philippine Journal of Science the flowers appear
to be solitary. In my herbarium there is a fragment of a speci-
men preserved at Kew for which I am indebted to Sir David
Prain. Mr. Rolfe has referred this specimen to D. papilio Loher.
Krinzlin wrote in his monograph, “Species haud bene nota.”

Luzon, Mindanao.

51. Dendrobium pergracile Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 423.
A specimen in the Gray Herbarium doubtfully assigned to the
Philippines and identified tentatively with D. biflorum Sw. by
Reichenbach f. suggests this species. This specimen was obtained
by the Wilkes Expedition. D. beflorwm is a near ally.

Minpanao.

52. Dendrobium philippinense 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8:424.
In habit this species suggests D. juncifolium Schltr., a species of
Celebesian origin, from which it is separable by its simple label-

lum, which is oblong and without lobes. In the Gray Herbarium
[ 131 ]

ORCHIDACE

a specimen collected by the Wilkes Expedition appears to be-
long here. Reichenbach f. identified this as D. juncewm Lindl. It
is without flowers.

Leyte, Minporo, Luzon.

58. Dendrobium planibulbe Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1843) Mise.
54. To this species I refer specimens gathered by Weber in Min-
danao. The stems at the base are slender and terete, just above
the base they are bulbous, flattened,and about 3 cm. long by 1 cm.
wide, above the bulbous portion the stem becomes slender again
and bears about eight oblong emarginate leaves, 3.5 cm. long by
7 mm. wide; the upper portion of the stem above the leaves is
naked and flower-bearing. Flowers 12 mm. across, white. Petals
5 mm. long, the margin somewhat shortly fringed. Labellum
about 8 mm. long, cuneate at the base, three-lobed; lateral lobes
equalling the fringed middle lobe; middle lobe 2 mm. long, trun-
cate in front, at the base provided with a three-pointed callus. The
specimens before me are from 8-34 cm. tall. D. planibulbe has
been confused with D. Blumu Lindl., a Javan species. The mid-
dle lobe of the labellum is hardly linear as described by Lindley.
D. tuberiferum Hook. f. Ic. Pl. t. 2025 is a near ally of D. plani-
bulbe, but differs from it in the middle lobe of the labellum.

Minvanao, Province of Agusan, Talacogon, Agusan River, C. M. Weber
174 (Hb. Ames 12300), July 20, 1911.

54. Dendrobium platycaulon R&. A. Rolfe in Kew Bull. (1892)

139.

55. Dendrobium plicatile Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1840) Mise. 10.
Between this species and a cultivated specimen from the Buit-
enzorg Botanic Garden identified by J. J. Smith with D. flabel-
lum Reichb. f. there are slight differences which are surely too
inconsequential for specific differentiation. In the specimen from

[ 132 ]

ORCHIDACE#

Java there is a very inconspicuous straight keel between the
two undulate carinae which traverse the lower half of the middle
lobe of the labellum. In the Philippine specimen taken for com-
parison there are three undulate carine that extend beyond the
centre of the middle lobe, the centre one of which in Weber 79
from Mindanao extends nearly to the tip of the lip in a broken
chain of wart-like calli. Counting the bilobed ears as two teeth
and the filament as one tooth, the column is five-toothed, but in
dried specimens this character is difficult to study. In alcoholic
material prepared for me by Weber the lateral lobes of the col-
umn are emarginate rather than bidentate. The truncate emar-
ginate-apiculate apex of the lip in the Philippine species is nar-
rower than the middle, whereas in the Javan specimen the apical
portion exceeds the posterior in width. As a result there is a
slight difference in aspect, but this difference may not be con-
stant, and would hardly prove diacritical in such a variable part
of the flower. The differences in habit are slight and perhaps
individual rather than specific. Dendrobium Kunstlert Hook. f.,
according to the plate in Hooker’s Icones, has three undulated
keels and in these agrees with the Philippine plant. J. J. Smith
regards Hooker’s species as identical with D. flabellum. D. pli-
catile is the D. Macra@i Lindl. of my earlier lists of Philippine
orchids. In the Gray Herbarium there is a specimen from the
vicinity of Manila, Luzon, which Reichenbach f. compared with
D. Scopa Lindl., that appears to be the same as D. plicatile.

Minpanao, Leyte, Luzon.

56. Dendrobium polytrichum 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 : 328.

Luzon, Mrinporo.

57. Dendrobium pristinum sp. nov. Caules caespitosi, + 4 dm.
alti. Folia disticha, oblongi-lanceolata. Racemi caulibus aphyllis

[ 133 ]

ORCHIDACE

1.5 cm. longi, 3—5flori, infra racemum bracteis tubularibus, 2 mm.
longis vaginati. Flores flavidi, circiter 1 cm. longi cum mento, ap-
proximati; pedicellus gracilis cum ovario vix 1 cm. longus. Brac-
teze inflorescentiz cymbiformes, 3 mm. long, persistentes. Se-
pala lateralia 7 mm. longa, triangularia, acuta, carinata, presertim
ad apicem. Carina quam apex sepalorum longior. Sepalum dor-
sale oblongi-lanceolatum, leviter carinatum. Petala oblanceolata,
7mm. longa, 3 mm. lata prope apicem, sparsim denticulata. La-
bellum 1 cm. longum, trilobatum, tridentiforme, margine ciliatum
et fimbriatum, discus puberulus; lobi laterales oblongi, 2 mm.
longi, circiter 1 mm. lati; lobus medius triangularis, circiter 4mm.
longus, 2 mm. latus. Mentum 4 mm. longum. Gynostemium
breve, crassum.

Among the Philippine species of Dendrobium examined this
one seems most likely to be the normal form of D. pseudaclinia
Lindl. In the absence of positive information, however, it is best
to treat the plant as a distinct species.

I have not seen any leafy stems. My description of the leaves
is drawn from an excellent photograph preserved with the type
in the Bureau of Science Herbarium. The labellum lobes are all
directed forward, the lateral ones slightly divergent. Only the
lobes are ciliate or fringed. From the flowers examined it would
seem that the middle nerve of the labellum is more prominent
than the other nerves.

Luzon, Rizal Province, Maximo Ramos Bur. Sci. 3041. Flowered at
Manila, August 19, 1907.

58. Dendrobium profusum Rerchb. f. in Gard. Chron. (1884)
1: 510. Referred by Krinzlin to Subgenus Dendrocoryne and
compared with D. superbiens Reichb. f.

59. Dendrobium pseudaclinia Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 3:9.
[ 184 ]

ORCHIDACE

D. Aclinia Reichb. f. in Bonpl. 4: 329. To this interesting spe-
cies I refer specimens from Luzon. D. pseudaclnia is anomalous
among Dendrobiums. It belongs to a group of about four species,
which agree in detail with Griffith’s Aclinia. The sepals, petals,
and labellum are similar, about 1.2 cm. long by 2-3 mm. wide.
There is no mentum. The stout column is quadridentate, the
posterior tooth bearing the anther, the anterior one arising from
the region of the rostellum. In dried specimens the flowers are
yellow and are described as yellow by the collector. The stems
are slender, somewhat fractiflexed, concealed in dried specimens
by loose, scarious sheaths (leaf bases). The flowers are borne in
twos or threes on the leafless stems. The leaves are subcoria-
ceous, distichous, oblong, acute, tapering at both ends, about
6 cm. long by 1 cm. wide.

A cultivated specimen under observation at Manila failed to
expand its flowers. Mr. Merrill of the Bureau of Science described
this specimen as follows: ‘‘ Calyx 2.e. pedicel and ovary green,
corolla straw colored. Have seen no open flowers in the two
months the specimen was in flower. It may open at night or very
early in the morning, or possibly does not open at all. Flowers
from leafless branches, usually two, each with long pedicel on a
very short common pedicel.”

Reichenbach informed Lindley that he had seen specimens
from Manila.

Luzon, Rizal Province, Juan Reillo 7 (Hb. Ames 13231), July 10, 1903.
Zambales Province, H. M. Curran Bur. Sci.5618, July toSeptember, 1908.

60. Dendrobium pseudoconvexum sp. nov. Herba epiphytica,
humilior. Caules penduli, usque ad 1.5 dm. longi, circiter 1 mm.
in crassitudine, lutei, ramosi. Pseudobulbi monophylli, cylindra-
cei, in sicco valde rugosi, sulcati, lutei, nitidi, ad basim vagi-
nati, 2.5 cm. longi. Folium coriaceum, oblongi-ellipticum, 5 cm.

[ 135 ]

ORCHIDACE/

longum, circiter 9 mm. latum. Racemi brevissimi. Flores singuli,
viridi-lutei, labello purpureo, 1.5 cm. longi cum mento. Pedicel-
lus subgracilis. Sepala lateralia oblique triangularia, acuta, cum
mento 12 mm. longa, 4.5 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale ovatum, acu-
tum, 5 mm. longum. Petala oblonga, acuta, 5 mm. longa, 2 mm.
lata. Labellum 14 mm. longum, trilobatum, lobo medio triangu-
lari-bifido, a basi lineari-cuneatum; lobi laterales quam lobus me-
dius multo minores, rotundati, 1 mm. longi, 1.5 mm. lati; lobus
medius profunde forcipatus, ambitu orbicularis, e lobis laterali-
bus isthmo oblongo separatus, lobuli semiovati, 3.5 mm. longi,
2.5 mm. lati, isthmus 3 mm. longus, 2.5 mm. latus. Lamellz in
disco duze, ad medium isthmi valde curvate. Mentum 7 mm.
longum. Gynostemium crassum, utrinque unidentatum.

Dendrobium pseudoconvexum is much smaller in the flowers
than D. interjectum Ames. Habitally they are very similar. In both
species the lamellee are sharply bent to form a crescent on the
isthmus which separates the lateral lobes from the terminal one.
The lobules of D. pseudoconvexum are twice as wide as those of
D. interjectum.

Luzon, Laguna Province, San Antonio, Maximo Ramos Bur. Sct. 15075,
June 14, 1912. Ramos Bur. Sci. 16567, September 16, 1912. Mount
Mariveles, F. W. Foxworthy Bur. Sci. 3013, April, 1907. Leaves longer
than in the type, up to 1 dm. long, 13 mm. wide.

61. Dendrobium purpureostelhdium sp. nov. Aff. D. pariete-
form J. J. Smith. Caules ramosi, elongati, penduli, usque ad
25 cm. longi, lutei, nitidi, circiter 1 mm. in crassitudine, teretes.
Pseudobulbi circiter 1.5 cm. longi, cylindracei, in sicco rugosi,
lutei, nitidi 2 mm.indiametro, monophylli, in caulibus distantes.
Folium lanceolatum, rigidum, coriaceum, marginatum, in sicco
in longitudinem leviter sulcatum vel nervosum, 3—4 cm. longum,
7-9 mm. latum, acutum. Flores singuli, succedanei, ex axilla foli

[ 136 ]

ORCHIDACE

orientes, albi et purpurel, circiter 5 mm. longi, submembranacei.
Bracteze scariose. Inflorescentia ad summum pseudobulbum
orta. Sepala lateralia triangulari-lanceolata, acuta, 5 mm. longa,
2mm. lata, mentum brevem, 1 mm. longum formantia. Sepalum
dorsale oblongi-lanceolatum, 5 mm. longum, vix 2 mm. latum.
Petala lineari-lanceolata, valde acuta, uninervia. Labellum sub-
integerrimum, margine valde involutum, presertim ad apicem,
prope basim lobulis auriculiformibus minutis. Totum labellum
circiter 5mm. longum, 2.5 mm. latum, circuitu quadrato-orbicu-
lare. In disco prope pedem gynostemii callus antice et postice
retusus stat. Callus membranaceus 1.25 mm. latus, ad angulos
posteriores in lobulos laterales decurrens. Gynostemium antice
ad apicem in stelidia 2, bidentata producta; dens anterior quam.
posterior muto longior.

The type consists of a single plant. The habit suggests the
groups to which Dendrobium angustifolium, D. pseudoconvexum,
and D. Eurorum belong. The flowers are much smaller than in
D. pseudoconvexum, and are well characterized by the callus on
the labellum, which is flat, spool-shaped, and tinged with purple
on the lateral ends. There are no longitudinally placed carine as
in D. pseudoconvexum. The column is provided with two subu-
late stelidia, one on each side at the summit in front. On the pos-
terior side, at the base, each stelidium is unidentate. The stelidia
even in dried specimens are of a deep magenta purple color. The
nearest affinity of this species is D. parietiforme J. J. Smith, from
which it differs in the absence of lobes at the tip of the labellum.
The labellum of D. parietiforme is fleshier and between the ter-
minal rounded lobules distinctly apiculate in the specimen I have
examined.

Leyte, Dagami, C. 4. Wenzel 0193, July 8, 1913. Epiphyte in forest,
60 meters above sea level. Luzon, Laguna Province, San Antonio, Maximo

[237 )

ORCHIDACE
Ramos Bur. Sci. 15103, June, 1912. I have also seen specimens with-

out flowers from Minpanao and BasILan.
62. Dendrobium Ramosii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7:18.

Luzon.

63. Dendrobium revolutum Lindi. in Bot. Reg. (1840) Mise.
p. 51.

Leyte, Minpanao, Dinacat, Srsuyan, Luzon.

64. Dendrobium Robinsonii 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 425.
Cf. D. carinatum Willd. supra.

Minporo, Luzon.

65. Dendrobium Ruckeri Lind. in Bot. Reg. (1843) Mise. p. 25;
t. 60. Lindley wrote: “We presume this plant to be one of
Mr. Cuming’s discoveries in the Philippines, although no trace
of it is to be found among his dried specimens.” ‘A Manila (?)
plant which has lately flowered with Mr. Rucker.” In the Orchid
Review (4:87) Mr. Rolfe referred to. D. Ruckeri as follows: 'This
rare but pretty little Dendrobium is now flowering freely at
Kew from plants recently sent from India, and it is now evident
that the locality originally published is erroneous.” It is a na-
tive of the Khasia Hills, and has been met with at Nimbong in
Bhotan.

66. Dendrobium Sander Rolfe in Gard. Chron. (1909) 45:
374.

67. Dendrobium Schuetzei Rolfe in Orch. Rev. 19 : 224 ; Bot.
Mag. 8495. I have not found this species in any of the material
submitted for identification bythe Bureau of Science, nor among
the specimens collected for me by Weber, Wenzel, and Vano-
verbergh. Rolfe describes the mentum as obtuse. In D. Sandere
Rolfe and D. Dearei Reichb. f., two closely allied Philippine
species, the mentum is prolonged into a slender tip. No exact

[ 138 ]

ORCHIDACEA

locality is given in Mr. Rolfe’s account of the species in the
Botanical Magazine under plate 8495.

68. Dendrobium Scopa Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1842) Mise. p. 55.
Weber’s 163 from Province of Agusan, Mindanao, is represented
in my collection by both dried and alcoholic material. The la-
bellum in its living condition is very similar to the sketch in the
Lindley Herbarium, which was undoubtedly prepared from a
fresh specimen. In the labellum drawn by Lindley the elongated
filaments that constitute the fringe of the middle lobe are di-
rected up and backward; in the alcoholic material prepared by
Weber this same peculiar arrangement is characteristic.

Luzon, Leyte, Mrnpanao.
Also Guam. Probably Formosa, and Samoa (Powell 363).

69. Dendrobium secundum Lindl. Wall. Cat. no. 1996; Bot.
Reg. t. 1291.

Luzon, Minpanao.
70. Dendrobium spurium J. J. Smith Orch. Jav. 343.
Luzon.
71. Dendrobium stella silue (Loher & Krénzl.) comb. nov. Sar-
copodium stella silva Loher & Krénzl. in Fedde Rep. 7 : 40.
Luzon.

72. Dendrobium superbum Feichb. f- in Walp. Ann. 6 : 282.

Luzon.
Also Celebes, Borneo, Amboina, Ceram, Boeroe, Perak.

73. Dendrobium taurinum Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1843) t. 28.

Luzon, Minpanao.

74. Dendrobium ternatense J.J. Smith in Bull. Dép. Agr. Ind.
Neérl. (1909) nos. 22, 26. Whitford 1083 from Mount Mariveles,
Province of Bataan, Luzon, is referred to this species by Kranz-
lin. This is the D. macrophyllum A. Rich. of my previous list in

[ 139 ]

ORCHIDACE

ORcCHIDACE& 2 :179. Smith relies on the smaller dimensions, the
color, the narrower side lobes of the labellum, and the different
callus for specific distinction between D. ternatense and D. ma-
crophyllum.

Luzon. Apparently rare in the Philippines.

75. Dendrobium topaziacum sp. nov. Flores aurantiaci. Herba
epiphytica, usque ad 6 dm. alta, caules 5-8 mm. in diametro (in
sicco) multi-articulati, in longitudinem valde sulcati. Folia sub-
membranacea, oblongi, acuta, ad basim rotundata, 7-14 cm.
longa, 1.5-2.8 cm. lata. Vagine foliorum internodiis equilonge,
2-2.5cm. longee. Racemi abbreviati, laxiflori, in caulibus defoli-
atis. Rhachis vix 1 cm. longus. Bractez inflorescentiz in sicco sca-
riose, pellucidz, quam pedicelli multo breviores. Pedicellus cum
ovario circiter 1cm. longus, usque ad 1.3 cm. longus. Flores usque
ad 1.7 cm. longi. Sepala lateralia erecta, oblique triangularia,
acuta, cum mento circiter 1.5 cm. longa. Sepalum dorsale lanceo-
latum 6 mm. longum, circiter 3.25 mm. latum. Petala oblongi-
spathulata, subacuta, 6 mm. longa, circiter 2mm. lata. Mentum
1 cm. longum, obtusum, circiter 3 mm. in diametro, ad basim,
antice clausum. Labellum anguste oblanceolatum, vel spathula-
tum, ecallosum, 1.5 mm. longum, circiter 3 mm. latum. Columna
brevissima, circiter 2 mm. longa, in pedem 8 mm. longum, pro-
ducta.

Leyte, Dagami, C. 4. Wenzel 0202, July 17, 1913. Epiphyte in forest.
Altitude 60 meters. Flowers red and yellow.

76. Dendrobium (§ Desmotrichum)unicorne sp.nov. Aff. D. pari-
etiformi J. J. Smith. Caulis ramosi internodio terminali pseudo-
bulboso, cylindrico monophyllo. Folium oblongi-ellipticum, val-
dissime coriaceum, in sicco rigidum, 2—2.6 cm. longum, circiter
1 cm. latum, marginatum, ad apicem bidentatum, breviter petio-

latum. Pseudobulbi in sicco valde rugosi usque ad 1.7 cm. longi,
[ 140 ]

ORCHIDACE

internodii 1.5-1.7 em. longi, graciles, nodii nigro-annulati. Inflo-
rescentia uniflora. Pedicellus cum ovario 4—5 mm. longus. Flores
albidi, minuti. Sepala lateralia ovata, acuta, circiter 5 mm. longa,
vix 8 mm. lata, trinervia. Sepalum dorsale ovato-lanceolatum
4mm. longum, vix 2 mm. latum, trinervium ad apicem attenua-
tum. Petala linearia, ad apicem truncato-apiculata, 4 mm. longa,
circiter 1 mm. lata, trinervia. Labellum antice 4-5 mm. longum
usque ad apicem pedis columne affixum, lobis lateralibus obso-
letis, lamina ad apicem profunde bilobum, lobulis divergentibus
usque ad 2 mm. longis, 1.5 mm. latis, inzequaliter rotundatis,
ad basim lamella transversa, lamella papilla porrecta instructa.
Mentum valde obtusum, 2 mm. longum. Gynostemium 2.5 mm.
longum, erectum, ad apicem integra.

Dendrobium unicorne is a near ally of D. parietiforme J. J.
Smith from Celebes. It is distinguished from that species by the
more deeply bilobed apex of the labellum, by the obscure lateral
lobes, and by the horn-like projections on the callus that stand
in front of the opening to thesac. The labellum in D. parietiforme
is much more fleshy than in either D. wnicorne or D. purpureo-
stelidium, and is distinctly apiculate. The column of D. wnicorne
is entire at the tip with a large membranous hood partly sur-
rounding the androclinium. The flower arises from the pseudo-
bulb at the back of the leaf.

What appears to be the same species is represented in the
herbarium of the Bureau of Science by a single specimen.

Leyte, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0292, March 8, 1914. Sepals, petals, and la-
bellum white. Epiphyte. Altitude 500 meters. “Leaf thick, pseudobulb
channeled.” Luzon, Laguna Province, San Antonio, Maximo Ramos Bur.
Sci. 14987, June 13, 1912.

77. Dendrobium Usteri Schltr. ex Usteri Vierteljahrsschrift
der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zurich 56 : 450 (1906);

[ 141 ]

ORCHIDACEH

in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2d ser. 6 : 458 (1906). For a fragment of
the type accompanied by analytical drawings I am indebted to
Dr. Schlechter. D. Usteri is a member of § Rhopalanthe with
terete leaves. In my herbarium this species is represented by
several specimens collected by W.S. Lyon on Guimaras Island,
between the islands of Panay and Negros. D. Usteri was origi-
nally collected in Negros, where it was found growing on man-
groves.

The flowers on my specimens average larger than those de-
scribed from the type by Schlechter, the labellum in one flower
measuring 1 cm. in length. The lateral sepals and petals resemble
the sketches prepared for me by Schlechter, but the upper
sepal in my material is narrower than that of the type, measur-
ing 8mm. by 2.5 mm. Mr. Lyon describes the flowers as yellow
“veined with pale rosy lines.” In outline the labellum suggests
D. crumenatum. The pseudobulbs are from 3.5 cm. to 5 em. long,
deeply grooved longitudinally in dried specimens, and are ter-
minated by a fleshy terete sharply pointed rigid leaf and by the
slender flower shoot. The flower shoot is longer or shorter than
the leaf, in one specimen slightly exceeding 1.5 dm. in length. The
-longest leaf hardly exceeds 8 cm. in length. In the specimens
examined the flower shoot exceeds the leaf in five plants and is
shorter than the leaf in four.

Gumaras, W.S. Lyon 137, April, 1909.

78. Dendrobium Usterioides sp. nov. Herba epiphytica, erecta,
usque ad 1 dm. alta; rhizomate valde abbreviato; caulibus vel
potius pseudobulbis subfusiformibus, cylindraceis, mox longitudi-
naliter sulcatis, vaginis albidis, laxe amplectentibus primum ves-
titis, apice unifoliatis 2.5-5 cm. longis, supra medium usque ad
7 mm. diametientibus, apicem et praesertim basim versus paullo

attenuatis. Folium valdeincrassatum, subulatum,+ 5 cm. longum,
[ 142 ]

ORCHIDACE

prope basim circiter 8 mm. in diametro, flores excedens, in sicco
glaucum, mox longitudinaliter suleatum. Pedunculus rigidus,
leviter fractiflexus, vix 5 cm. longus, articulatus. Bractez inflo-
rescentie hyaline albide. Flores flavidi, non striati, circiter 1.5
em. longi. Sepala lateralia oblique triangularia, acuta, mentum
obtusum circiter 5 mm. longum formantia, 8 mm. longa. Se-
palum dorsale oblongi-lanceolatum, obtusiusculum circiter 8
mm. longum, vix 3 mm. latum. Petala oblongi-lanceolata, acuta
ad basim apicemque attenuata, membranacea, 7 mm. longa,
circiter 2mm. lata. Labellum 9 mm. longum, trilobatum, e basi
cuneatum; lobi laterales subtruncati, rotundati, obtusi, margine
leviter denticulati quam lobus medius multo breviores; lobus
medius oblongus, apiculatus, ad apicem paullo dilatatus, vix
5mm. longus, prope apicem circiter 3 mm. latus, linez eleva-
tulae in disco 3, ad medium lobi medii fimbriatze. Gynostemium
brevissimum.

Dendrobium Usterioides is a close ally of D. Usteri Schitr.,
differing from it in the stouter pseudobulbs, and in having the
flower shoots much shorter than the fleshy leaves. In D. Usteri
the middle lobe of the labellum is oblong-quadrate, hardly if at
all dilated near the tip. In his field notes which accompany speci-
mens of D. Usteri Mr. Lyon wrote: “This Dendrobium in habit
of growth and leaf, but not in inflorescence, much resembles my
no. 22 [ D. Usteri]. Flowers paler yellow and exterior of perianth
veined with pale rosy lines.”

The immature pseudobulb and leaf are for the most part con-
cealed by about three loose, tubular, whitish sheaths, which soon
pass away (?). The mature pseudobulbs are yellowish, either wholly
or in part clothed with a closely appressed grayish covering. The
inflorescence is also covered with whitish or grayish sheaths

[ 143 ]

ORCHIDACEA

before the period of anthesis begins. In mature specimens the
remains of these sheaths may be detected after anthesis.
Luzon, W.S. Lyon 22,1907. Flowers clear greenish yellow, fugacious,
lasting only one or two days. Minporo, Bongabong River, M. L. Merritt
For. Bur. 3693, March 12, 1906. On tops of trees.
79. Dendrobium verruculosum 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 426.

Leyte, Luzon?

80. Dendrobium Victoriz reginz Loher in Gard. Chron. (1897)
81: 3899. See D. celeste, swpra.

Minporo, Necros, Luzon, Minpanao.

81. Dendrobium ventricosum K7rdnzl. Dendrobiinz 209. D.
nycteridoglossa Reichb. f. is said to be closely allied.

82. Dendrobium Wenzelit sp. nov. Caulis per totam longitudi-
nem foliatus, 4-10cm. altus. Radices fibrata. Folia a latere visa tri-
angula, acuta, supra vix decrescentia, maxima ad 12 mm. longa,
5 mm. alta, disticha, ad apicem deflexa, seepe triangulari-falcata,
in sicco nervosa, rigida, coriacea, valde complanata, infra medium
eaulis folio decrescentia, prope basim caulis vix 3 mm. longa ad
apicem caulis folia duo aurantiaca, petaloidea. Flores terminales,
nunquam laterales, circiter 8 mm. longi. Sepala lateralia supra
triangula, obtusa, leviter falcata, postice in mentum obtusum
producta, circiter 4 mm. longa, 3.5 mm. lata, mentum 6-7 mm.
longum. Sepalum dorsale oblongi-ellipticum, obtusum, circiter
4.5mm. longum, circiter 2mm. latum. Labellum simplex, ad api-
cem bilobum, a basi cuneato-oblongum, circiter 8 mm. longum,
vix 3.5 mm. latum; lobi rotundati, leviter denticulati, papulosi,
androclinii margo levis: filamentum satis longum.

Among Philippine species of Dendrobium heretofore described
Dendrobium Wenzel is readily distinguishable by means of the
terminal pair of orange-colored glossy leaves, between which the

[ 144 ]

ORCHIDACEA

inconspicuous flowers appear, usually one at a time. Mr. Wenzel
describes the flowers as white, purple, and yellow. From dried
material the sepals and petals appear to have been white, the
labellum purplish with a yellow tip.

I have seen specimens without flowers, collected in Mindoro,
which may be conspecific with D. Wenzel. From Mindanao I
have material, also without flowers, which represents a species
closely related to D. Wenzeli, but stouter in all itspartsand much
branched. In the Bureau of Science Herbarium at Manila there
is a single specimen (H. N. Whitford 806) from the Province of
Tayabas, Luzon, that appears to be conspecific with D. Wenzelit.
There are no flowers with this specimen, which in general habit
resembles an undescribed Dendrobium from Bangarmassing,
Borneo (J. Motley 722), preserved in the Kew Herbarium.

Leyte, C. A. Wenzel 0139, March 20, 1913.

83. Dendrobium zamboangense sp.nov. Radices fibrate, glabre.
Caules graciles, ad basim attenuati, 1-2 mm. in crassitudine, ad
apicem circiter 3 mm. in diametro, 20-31 cm. longi, foliosi, inter-
nodiis 1 cm. longis. Folia coriacea, 3.5-3 cm. longa, usque ad 8
mm. lata ad basim, usque ad apicem leviter attenuata, inzequali-
ter bilobata, obtusa, vaginis caulem obtegentibus, in sicco valde
rugosis. Flores laxe racemosi, purpurei, membranacei,+ 6. Pedun-
culus + 5 mm. longus, a nodis caulis post abjectionem foliorum
ortus, purpureus. Pedicellus ovariumque gracilis, circiter 1 cm.
longus. Bractee florales purpuree, acuta, 2 mm. long. Sepala
lateralia antice oblonga, acuta, 6 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata, postice
mentum ter vel quater longius, longe attenuatum, fere omnino
clausam formantia; mentum calcariforme usque ad 1.7 cm.
longum leviter ad apicem dilatatum, circiter 1 mm. in diametro,
obtusum, quam pedicellus multolongiuslevitercurvatus. Sepalum

dorsale elliptico-lanceolatum, acutum, 6 mm. longum, 3.5 mm.
[ 145 ]

ORCHIDACEA

latum. Petala anguste oblongi-lanceolata, acuta ad apicem minu-
tissime denticulata 6 mm. longa, 1.5 mm. lata, membranacea.
Labellum antice spathulatum vel oblanceolatum, acutum, inte-
gerrimum, 3.5 mm. latum, sepalis adherens, calcar elongatum
formans. Gynostemium in pedem elongatum productum.

Allied to Dendrobium hymenophyllum Lindl. 'The leaves in
outline are not unlike the leaves of D. clavipes Hook. f.

Minpanao, District of Zamboanga, Sax River Mountains, E. D. Merrill
8174, November 28, 1911. Altitude 1100 meters. Epiphyte. Flowers

purple.
63. ERIA Lindi.
In 1909 Dr. Robert G. Leavitt prepared a descriptive list of
the species of Eria native to the Philippines (Phil. Journ. Sci. 4 :
201-244 (C) Bot.). To this list he admitted forty species, all but
six of which were thought to be endemic. Probably three hundred
species constitute the genus. In the monograph prepared for
Engler’s Das Pflanzenreich, Kranzlin recognized § Trichotosia as
a genus. This treatment is hardly commendable. In the follow-
ing list Trichotosia is kept as a section.
1. Eria anceps Leavitt in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4: 219.
PALAWAN.
2. Eria binabayensis Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 : 329.
Minporo.
3. Eria bontocensis 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 427.
Luzon.
4, Eria brachystachya Reichb. f. in Bonpl. 3 : 223. KE. Wen-
zelii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 428.

Camicutn, Leyte, Basuyanes Istanps, Minpanao, Luzon.

5. Eria bractescens Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1841) Mise. 18. Var.
[ 146 ]

ORCHIDACE

latipetala Leavitt in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4: 210 is referred to E.
rhodoptera Reichb. f. Cf. Bot. Mag. 8296.

Luzon, Mrnpanao.

6. Eria Clemensiz Leavitt in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4 : 220.

Leyte, Mindanao.

7. Eria compacta Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 : 329.

Minporo.

8. Eria Copelandii Leavitt in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4 : 203. Kriinz-
lin refers this species to E.. formosana Rolfe. The smooth sepals
and smaller flowers of £7. Copelandi indicate differences which
Kranzlin has apparently overlooked. The description of EF. for-
mosana in Krinzlin’s monograph was apparently reconstructed
from Leavitt's description of the type of Z. Copelandii. The
measurements given agree almost point for point with Leavitt's
measurements, and are not in agreement with Rolfe’s in the
original description of £. formosana. It would seem that Kriinz-
lin prepared his description from Philippine specimens, probably
from the type of . Copelandii (Copeland 1423) which was loaned
to him by the Bureau of Science.

Luzon, Minpanao.
9. Eria Curranii Leavitt in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4: 210.

PALAWAN.

10. Eria cylindrostachya Ames ORcHIDACE# 2: 190.

Minpanao.
11. EriacymbiformisJ. J. Smithin Rec. Trav. Bot. Neérl.1:152.

Luzon, Minpanao, Minporo.

12. Hria dagamensis sp.nov. Sympodium productum. Caules
in sicco usque ad 7 mm. in diametro, 3.5—5 cm. longi, rugosi, va-
ginis laxis instructi. Folia prope apicem caulium conferta,in caule

[ 147 ]

ORCHIDACEA

florigero 4—5, lanceolata, acuta, usque ad 1 dm. longa, + 17 mm.
lata, rigida. Vagine infra folia infundibuliformes, circiter 1.5 em.
longze, rufescentes. Inflorescentize 2-5, circiter 1.5 dm. longa,
pedunculo + 2 cm. longo, racemo dense plurifloro. Tota inflo-
rescentia dense pubescens, tomento brunneo. Bractez flores
subtendentes glabra, lanceolatz, + 7 mm. long. Pedicellus cum
ovario circiter 7 mm. longus, brunneo-pubescens. Sepala lateralia
oblique triangulari-lanceolata, pubescentia, acuta, 11 mm. longa,
mentum obtusum, 4 mm. longum, formantia. Sepalum dorsale
oblongi-lanceolatum, acutum, 11 mm. longum. Petala ovato-
lanceolata, acuta, trinervia, 1 cm. longa, vix 3 mm. lata, mem-
branacea, glabra. Labellum ovatum, subacutum, margine ad
medium denticulatum, prope basim bicallosum, calli crescenti-
formes, 3.5—4 mm. longum, ad basim circiter 4 mm. latum, gla-
brum, prope unguem tuberculi duo stant. Gynostemium gracile
2 mm. longum; pes gynostemii 4-5 mm. longus.

The flowers of Hvia dagamensis resemble those of Hria polyura
Lindl. In general habit it resembles most closely H. philippinen-
sts Ames, from which it may be distinguished by its shorter stems
and by the details of the labellum. In front of the claw at the
base of the labellum there are two minute, tubercular projections.

The color of the flowers according to Mr. Wenzel’s notes is
variable, ranging between deep pink and white, with the labellum
yellow or pink and yellow.

Leyte, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0314, March 9, 1914. Epiphyte in forest, 600
meters above sea level. Sepals and petals pink, labellum yellow. Wenzel
0320, March 9, 1914. Epiphyte in forest, 600 meters above sea level. Se-
pals and petals pink, labellum red and yellow. Wenzel 0321, March 9,
1914. Altitude 600 meters. Sepals and petals white, labellum pink and
yellow. Wenzel 0523, March 9, 1914. Altitude 600 meters. Sepals and
petals white, labellum pink and yellow. Wenzel 0317, March 9, 1914.
Altitude 600 meters. Sepals and petals flesh-color and red, labellum flesh-

[ 148 ]

ORCHIDACEA
color and yellow. Dagami, Wenzel 0123, January 31, 1913. Forest foot-

hills, 60 meters above sea level. Flowers purple.

13. Eria davaensis Ames in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil. Bot. 5:

1572.
Minpanao.

14. Eria Elmeri Ames OncHmDace® 2:93. EH. Elmeri is closely
related to £. ovata Lindl. It has broader, shorter leaves than the
type of H. ovata, according to notes made by Leavitt, and the
flowers are smaller. I have examined several specimens referable
to EH. Hlmeri in comparison with Leavitt’s detailed herbarium
notes relative to £. ovata, also sketches and a photograph made
from the type, and while I am convinced that . Elmeri is very
close to EH. ovata, I am inclined to keep them,distinct.

Luzon, Necros, Leyte.

15. Eria fastigatifolia 4 mes ORCHIDACEH 2: 191. Trichotosia
fastigatifolia Krdnzl. in Engler’s Pflanzenr. Dendrobiine—Eria
162.

Luzon, NEGRos.
16. Eria floribunda Lindl. Wall. Cat. no. 7408.
Patawan, Minpanao.
17. Eria fusca Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. 2 : 183.
Leyte, Nrecros.
18. Eria gigantea Ames ORCHIDACE 2: 192.
Luzon, Minpanao.
19. Eria graciliscapa Iolfe ex Ames ORCHIDACE 1 : 93.
Luzon.

20. Eria halconensis Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 : 830. Tricho-

tosia halconensis Krdnzl. in Engler’s Pflanzenr. Dendrobiine-

Eria 149.

Mrinporo.

[ 149 ]

ORCHIDACE
21. Eria Hutchinsoniana Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 : 330.

Minpono.

22. Hria (§Urostachya) jarensis sp. nov. Caules elongati, in
sicco graciles, ad basim attenuati, + 2 dm. alti, rugosi. Folia prope
apicem caulium conferta, in caule florigero + 5, lanceolata, acuta,
usque ad 2 dm. longa, + 3.5 cm. lata, in sicco vix rigida. Inflores-
centiz prope apicem caulium conferte, densiflora, + 4, circiter
6 cm. long. Pedunculus breviter pubescens. Rhachis inflores-
centiz pubescens tomento brunneo. Bractez flores subtendentes
+ 1 cm. long. Ovarium cum pedicello usque ad 12 mm. longum,
pubescente tomento brunneo. Flores extus glabri. Sepala later-
alia oblique triangularia, subacuta, 7 mm. longa, mentum 5-6 mm.
longum formantia. Sepalum dorsale oblongi-ellipticum, 7 mm.
longum, circiter 3 mm. latum. Petala lanceolata, 6 mm. longa,
+ 2.5 mm. lata. Labellum supra medium, trilobatum, infra me-
dium cuneatum, circiter 9 mm. longum; lobi laterales quam
lobus medius angustiores et minores, oblongi, obtusi circiter 2.5
mm. longi, 1-2 mm. lati; lobus medius suborbicularis, ad apicem
emarginatus, apiculatus vel subapiculatus, quam lobi laterales
longior, 3.5—4 mm. longus, 4 mm. latus, in disco line tres elevate,
ad basim medium lobi medii extendentes, in disco ad medium
calli 3 tuberculosi. Columna gracilis.

The middle lobe of the labellum of W enzel 0357 is roughish, al-
most glandular pubescent, and the nerves are elevated and wavy.

Leyte, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0358, March 15, 1914. Epiphyte in forest,
500 meters above sea level. Sepals and petals flesh-color. Labellum yellow
and purple, the middle lobe yellowish, the lateral lobes purplish. Wenzel
0357, March 15, 1914. Altitude 500 meters.

23. Eria (§ Trichotosia) lagunensis sp. nov. Radices fibrate,
ramose, elongatz. Caules rigidi, 4.5-7.5 dm. longi, vaginis persis-

tentibus foliorum obtecti, ad basim teretes sapius rubro-tincti,
[ 150 ]

ORCHIDACE#

per totam longitudinem foliati, usque ad 6 mm. in diametro. Folia
anguste lanceolata, szepe lineari-lanceolata, 5—10.5 cm. longa, 11—
22 mm. lata, coriacea, rigida, acuta, subtus pilosa, ante maturi-
tatem utrinque pilosa, pilis rufis vel brunneis. Foliorum vaginze
1.5—4 cm. longe, cylindracez, internodiis equilonge, hirsute, pilis
rufis vel brunneis, ad summum caulem dense hirsute pilis rufis.
Pili arte adpressi, vel oblique ascendentes. Racemi foliis breviores,
circiter 4 cm. longi, dense pilosi, subfractiflexi. Flores + 6. Brac-
tee late ovate, acute, coriacee, concaviuscule, pedicellis longi-
ores, circiter 6 mm. longe, 4.5 mm. latz, hirsuta. Sepala lateralia
oblique triangulari-lanceolata, acuta, ad apicem carinata vel in-
crassata, extus sparse pilosa, cum mento usque ad 13 mm. longa.
Mentum obtusum 4 mm. longum. Sepalum dorsale oblongi-lan-
ceolatum, concaviusculum, extus sparse pilosum, 6 mm. longum.
Petala lineari-oblonga, obtusa, trinervia, membranacea, 7 mm.
longa, 1.5 mm. lata. Labellum trilobatum, unguiculatum, totum
labellum 8-10 mm. longum, e basi oblongo-cuneatum; lobi lat-
erales parvi, rotundati, quam lobus medius multo minores; lobus
medius latior quam longior, obreniformis, + 5 mm. latus, + 2.5
mm. longus, profunde retusus. Discus manifeste bicarinatus, pu-
bescens, carine ad basim obsolete pertinent ad mediam partem
disci. Labellum ambitu supra unguem panduriforme. Gynoste-
mium cum pede circiter 1 cm. longum.

This species is closely related to Hria leytensis Ames and E.
fusca Bl. From the former it is in part distinguished by its less
strict habit and by the deeply retuse, reniform middle lobe of the
labellum. F.. leytensis, in dried specimens, is less pubescent and
on the under side of the mature leaves appears to be smoother
than E. lagunensis. E. fusca is in part characterized by having a
tricarinate labellum. In several flowers examined the petals were

[ 151 ]

ORCHIDACE

provided with one or two marginal hairs, but in no case were
hairs numerous. In both #. lagunensis and E. leytensis the label-
lum is pubescent, but much more so, especially toward the base,
in the latter than in the former. In both species, in the centre
of the disc just above the keels, the mid-nerve is thickened and
densely pubescent.

Luzon, Laguna Province, Juan §. Serrato s. n. September, 1912. Flower
white, brown, and pink.

24. Eria lamellata Ames in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil. Bot. 5:
1576.

Minpanao.

25. Eria leytensis Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8: 427.

LEYTE.

26. Eria longibracteata Leavitt in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4: 219.

Mrnpanao, Luzon.

27. Eria longicruris Leavitt in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4 : 205.

Minpanao.

28. Eria longilabris Lind. in Bot. Reg. (1841) Misc. 38. Proba-
bly a variety of EL. bractescens.

29. Eria Lyonii Leavitt in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4: 212.

Luzon.

30. Hria(§ Hymeneria) maquilingensis sp.nov. Sympodium pro-
ductum. Caulis in sicco 4-8 mm. in diametro, vaginis laxis in-
structus, + 8 cm. longus. Folia prope apices caulium conferta, in
caule florigero 4—6, anguste lanceolata, acuminata, acuta, utrin-
que attenuata, 1-1.5 dm. longa, usque ad 2.4 cm. lata. Inflo-
rescentia 2-4, circiter 1.5 dm. longe, graciles, folia excedentes,
racemo laxe plurifloro, glabro. Bracteze inflorescentiz + 5 mm.
longe, acute. Flores glabri. Ovarium glabrum, cum pedicello cir-

citer 5 mm. longum. Sepala lateralia 5-6 mm. longa, circiter 1.5
[ 152 ]

ORCHIDACEA

mm. lata, triangula, vix acuta, quinquenervia, membranacea in
sicco, glabra. Sepalum dorsale oblongum, obtusum, circiter 6 mm.
longum. Petala anguste oblongi-lanceolata, acuta, 5.5 mm. longa,
circiter 1.5 mm. lata. Labellum trilobatum, 3.5 mm. longum; lobi
laterales prope basim labelli, circiter 1 mm. longi, obtusi; lobus
intermedius productus, 2.5 mm. longus, ad basim 1.5 mm. latus,
anguste triangulari-ovatus, trinervius, ad apicem minute fimbri-
atus, vel crispatus, in disco carinz duz, in disco prope basim labelli
callus. Mentum circiter 2 mm. longum.

The form of the labellum suggests Hria longicruris Leavitt,
a species with which H. maquilingensis is allied. The color of the
flowers is not referred to by the collector. rom dried specimens
the labellum appears to have been tinged with purple when fresh.
The calli on the labellum are three in number, the lateral ones
carinate and much longer than the middle one, which is basal
and fleshy, somewhat lanceolate in outline.
Luzon, Laguna Province, Mount Maquiling, W. H. Brown Bur. Sci.
17909, May 8,1913. On trees in forest, 700 meters above sea level.
31. Eria(§ Trichotosia) McGregorii sp. nov. Aff. E. halconensi
sed in floribus major. Caules elongati, 3 dm. excedentes, usque
ad 6 mm. in crassitudine, flexuosi. Folia anguste lanceolata, acu-
minata, in sicco verruculosa, valde acuta, coriacea, preesertim juni-
ores hirsuta pilis rufis vel brunneis, usque ad 1.5 dm. longa, cir-
citer 1.5 cm. lata prope basim. Foliorum vagine arte, cylindra-
ce, supra paulo dilatate, internodiis equilonge, hirsute, pilis
rufis, circiter 3 cm. long, in sicco verruculose. Inflorescentia
lateralis, foliis brevior, pilis rufis vestita, usque ad 5 cm. longa,
subgracilis, bracteis + 6, late ovatis, cymbiformibus, 5-10 mm.
longis. Flores flavidi, circiter 1 cm. distantes, circiter 1.5 cm. longi
cum mento, in racemo laxo dispositi. Sepala lateralia oblique

[ 153 ]

ORCHIDACEA

triangulari-lanceolata, acuta, ad apicem breviter carinata, cum
mento 1.4-1.5 cm. longa, extus dense pilosa. Sepalum dorsale
anguste lanceolatum, concaviusculum, circiter 12 mm. longum,
quam sepala lateralia multo angustius, extus dense pilosum. Pe-
tala linearia, obtusa, sparse hirsuta extus, circiter 1 cm. longa,
vix 2 mm. lata. Labellum trilobatum, e basi cuneatum, 12 mm.
longum; lobi laterales parvi, rotundati, denticulati; lobus medius
orbicularis, vel subquadratis, ad apicem retusus cum mucro, den-
ticulatus, 3-3.5 mm. longus. Totum labellum extus glabratum
et per medium carinatum, intus ecarinatum, pilosum praesertim
in lobo medio. Mentum obtusum 5 mm. longum. Columna cum
operculo et pede circiter 1 cm. longa.

From Eria halconensis Ames, LH. McGregorii is easily distin-
guished by its larger flowers. From EH. odorifera Leavitt, where
dried specimens are considered, it is separable by the verrucu-
lose foliage and closely appressed rather than spreading pubes-
cence. It also differs from H. odorifera in its denticulate labellum
lobes and in its longer racemes. In proposing McGregor’s mate-
rial for specific rank I have relied wholly on dried specimens and
on a careful study of the types of EH. halconensis and E. odori-
Sera, which among the species of §’Trichotosia appear to be most
closely allied with HL. McGregorii.

The Trichotosia section of the genus Eria is at present known
to contain nine species which are natives of the Philippine Is-
lands. With the exception of H. Ramos Leavitt, a dwarf species
with distinctly creeping habit and with small leaves about 8 mm.
long, they are extremely difficult to differentiate if reliance is
placed on descriptions alone. The following key, based on a re-
study of herbarium material, is offered with the hope that it may
show the important characteristics serviceable for differentiation

[ 154 ]

ORCHIDACE

and emphasize the details to which attention should be given in
an effort to recognize the species heretofore described from the
Philippines as well as the species herein proposed.

A. Plant creeping. Leaves about 8 mm. long. 1. E. Ramosii Leavitt.
AA. Plant tall. Leaves much exceeding 1 cm. in length.
B. Labellum obscurely lobed, rounded at the tip. 2. E. vulpina Reichb. f
BB. Labellum distinctly three-lobed, more or less retuse at the tip.
* Disc three-carinate. 3. E. fusca Bl.
** Disc bicarinate, with two short supplementary keels near the base
of the middle lobe, minutely pubescent. 4. E. binabayensis Ames.
*** Disc bicarinate, hairy.
7 Middle lobe slightly retuse. 5. E. leytensis Ames.
+t Middle lobe deeply retuse. 6. E. lagunensis Ames.
**%* Disc ecarinate or with the nerves simply thickened, smoothish, or
only minutely pubescent. 7. E. halconensis Ames.
¥**** Disc ecarinate, hairy.
7 Petals smooth. 8. E. odorifera Leavitt.
TT Petals hairy. 9. E. McGregorii Ames.
Eria vulpina, the commonest of the species, has elongated
racemes, which usually equal the leaves.

Luzon, Subprovince Ifugao, Mount Polis, R. C. McGregor Bur. Sci.
19876, February 9, 1913.

32. Eria major Ridl. ex Stapf in Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot. ser. IT,
4: 237 in synonymy.
Minpanao.

83. Eria Mearnsii Leavitt in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4: 216.

Minpanao.

84. Eria Merrillii 4mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 : 331.

Leyte, Luzon, Mrnporo.

85. Eria Merrittii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 : 331.

Luzon, Minporo.
86. Eria mindanaensis Ames in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil. Bot.
Le soe hare

SIBUYAN.

ORCHIDACEAE

37. Eria odorifera Leavitt in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4: 223. Tricho-
tosia odorifera Krdnzl. in Engler’s Pflanzenr. Dendrobiine—EHria
158.

Minpanao, NEGROs.

88. Eria ornata Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 66.

Luzon, Necros, Mrinpanao.

39. Eria ovata Lind/. in Bot. Reg. (1844) sub t. 29. Cf. H. HE/-
meri, Supra.

40. Eria palawanensis Ames in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil. Bot.
5.2 1578:

PaLawan.

41. Hria (§ Cylindrolobus) perspicabilis sp. nov. Caules validi,
5-10 dm. longi, ad basim teretes, superne leviter complanati,
vaginis persistentibus foliorum laxe obtecti. Folia in sicco char-
tacea, nervosa, glabra, lineari-lanceolata, ad basim apicemque
attenuata. Prasertim usque ad apicem acuminata, acuta, + 1.5
dm. longa, circiter 1.5 cm. lata, decidua. Vagine foliorum arte ad-
presse, supra valde dilatate, complanate, nervosz, imbricate,
+ 8 cm. longz. Flores albidi. Racemi uniflori, bracteis 4, oblongi-
lanceolatis, acutis, 1.5 cm. longis, 3 mm. latis, patentibus. Tota in-
florescentia quam folia multo brevior, circiter 6 cm. longa, gla-
bra. Pedicellus cum ovario usque ad 1.8 cm. longus. Sepala later-
alia oblonga, valde obtusa, usque ad apicem subtiliter angustata,
+ 1.8 cm. longa, ad basim 8 mm. lata, mentum valde obtusum
formantia. Mentum circiter 5 mm. longum. Sepalum dorsale ob-
longum usque ad apicem obtusam sensim angustatum, usque ad
9.1 cm. longum, prope basim circiter 7 mm. latum, concavum.
Petala quam sepala latiora, anguste ovata, ad apicem rotundata,
2 cm. longa, 9 mm. lata. Labellum integrum, anguste ovatum, ad
apicem truncatum vel valde obtusum, circiter 1.8 cm. longum,

[ 156 ]

ORCHIDACE
7 mm. latum, bilamellatum, lamellz carnosz, e basi labelli pzene
usque ad apicem producte. Gynostemium 7 mm. altum. Pol-

linia ?

Eria perspicabilis is a near relative of EL. brachystachya Reichb.
f., from which it is at a glance distinguishable bythe larger flowers
and entire, conspicuously bicarinate labellum. The flowers are
rather delicate in texture and among the largest of the genus.
The pollinia in the flowers examined were so mutilated by
drying that it was not possible to ascertain the number present
in a normal anther.
Luzon, Subprovince Ifugao, Mount Polis, R. C. McGregor Bur. Sci.
19733, February 3, 1913. “Vine like, each branch about .5—1 meter long,
flower white; large patch of reddish brown inside. Only one or two flowers
open at a time, the lower ones falling first.”
42. Eria philippinensis Ames ORCHIDACE# 1: 94.
Luzon.

43. Eria polyura Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1841) Mise. 55.
Luzon, Leyte, Srsvyan, Mrinpanao.

44, Eria profusa Lindi. in Bot. Reg. (1842) Mise. 2.
NeEcros, Luzon.

45. Hria puguahaanensis sp.nov. Radices fibrate, elongate,
ramos. Pseudobulbi conferti, circiter 4.5 cm. longi, bracteis ob-
tecti, ad apicem 2-3 foliati. Folia lineari-lanceolata, 11-18 em.
longa, 1.3-1.8 cm. lata. Racemi ad summum caulem orti, pedun-
culati, foliis multo breviores, lanugine alba. Inflorescentia omnis
ad 5 cm. longa. Pedunculus circiter 2 cm. longus, lanugine alba,
bracteas chartaceas gerens, rhachis lanuginosus, bractez flores
subtendentes lanceolate, in sicco fulve. Pedicellus cum ovario
2-3 mm. longus. Sepala lateralia oblique triangularia mentum
curvatum, obtusum, formantia, 4 mm. longa, extus dense lanu-

ginosa, pilis albidis. Sepalum dorsale anguste ellipticum, obtu-
[ 157 ]

ORCHIDACEA

sum, circiter 4 mm. longum, vix 2 mm. latum, extus lanugine
albida, vestitum. Petala oblonga, obtusa, trinervia, circiter 4 mm.
longa, vix 2 mm. lata, glabra. Labellum trilobatum, pubescens,
circiter 5 mm. longum, vix 4 mm. latum, ambitu ovatum; lobi
laterales supra medium labelli circiter 1 mm. longi, vix 1 mm.
lati; lobus medius triangulus, 2 mm. longus, ad basim 2 mm.
latus, incrassatus, obtusus, in disco lamella duz, incrassatz stant.
Columna 1.5 mm. longa supra pedem.

This species appears to belong to Reichenbach’s § Mycaranthes
as interpreted by Dr. R.G. Leavitt in his monograph of the Phil-
ippine species of Eria (Phil. Journ. Sci. 4: 217 (C) Bot.). Among
Philippine Erias H. pugwahaanensis is very distinct and has no
near ally. The fleshy calli or keels of the labellum extend from
near the base of the disc to the base of the middle lobe.

Leyte, Dagami, C. 4. Wenzel 0221, July 31, 1913. Epiphyte in forest.
Altitude 60 meters above sea level. Flowers white.

46. Eria racemosa Leavitt in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4 : 206.
Minpanao.

47. Eria Ramosii Leavitt in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4 : 224,
Necros, Minpanao, Luzon.

48. Eria retroflexa Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 3 : 60.
Leyte, Luzon, Necros.

49. Eria rhodoptera Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. (1882) 2 : 586.
E. bractescens var. latipetala Leavitt in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4: 210.

Luzon, Minpanao, Busuanea.

50. Eria ringens Rerchb. f. in Bonpl. 3: 222. Cf. Ames in EI-

mer’s Leaflets of Phil. Bot. 5 : 1579.

NEcRos.

51. Eria rugosa Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 66.

Luzon, Leyte, Minpanao.
[ 158 ]

ORCHIDACEA

52. Eria (§ Hymeneria) senilis sp.nov. Radices fibratz, ramose.
Pseudobulbi approximati, uniarticulati, 3.5-4 cm. longi, circiter
1cm. in diametro, vaginis foliaceis obtecti, diphylli. Folia oblongi-
lanceolati, utrinque attenuati, petiolati, +3 dm. longi, usque ad
3 cm. lati. Petiolus rigidus 2-8 cm. longus, in laminam folii atten-
uatus. Pedunculus quam folia multo brevior cum racemo 6-10
cm. longus, prope apicem pseudobulbi ortus, albido-tomentosus,
pauci-bracteatus. Racemus densiflorus, erectus, albido-tomen-
tosus. Bractez flores subtendentes lanceolate, sparse albido pu-
bescentes. Pedicellus cum ovario + 3 mm. longus, dense albido-
tomentosus. Sepala lateralia triangulari-ovata, concava, extus al-
bido-pubescentia, 5.5 mm. longa, mentum obtusum formantia.
Sepalum dorsale anguste ellipticum, extus albido-pubescens. Pe-
tala oblongi-elliptica, obtusa, trinervia, glabra, circiter 5.5 mm.
longa, circiter 2.5 mm. lata. Labellum valde saccatum, saccus bilo-
bus, rotundatus, lamina labelli triangulari-ovata, obtusa circiter 4
mm. longa, ad basim bicallosum. Pes column vix 8 mm. longus.

Evia senilis in general aspect resembles 1. ventricosa Leavitt,
and is more nearly related to it than to any other Philippine
species heretofore described. The strongly saccate labellum with
an entire lamina distinguishes it from the older species.

Leyrr, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0333, March 9, 1914. Epiphyte in forest. Al-
titude 600 meters above sea level. Sepals and petals white. Labellum
purple tinged with yellow.

53. Eria tridens Ames in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil. Bot. 5: 1580.
Minpanao.

54, Eria Vanoverberghii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7: 20.
Luzon.

55. Eria ventricosa Leavitt in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4: 211.

Luzon.

[ 159 ]

ORCHIDACE
56. Eria vulpina Reichd. f. in Bonpl. 3 : 222.

Luzon, Minpanao, Leyte, Basttan, Minporo, Srpvyan.

57. Eria Whitfordii Leavitt in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4: 215. Kranzlin
in his monograph referred this species to HL. eridastachya Reichb.
f., but in view of Leavitt's careful studies of the group to which £.
Whitfordii belongs, Iam inclined to uphold his species. As Leavitt
stated in his paper in the Philippine Journal of Science, the spe-
cies of this group differ from one another in characters which are
difficult to describe, but which are noticeable at once when the
species are compared side by side. Leavitt based his conclusion on
a thorough study of specimens in European herbaria and on a
Seeman specimen in the Gray Herbarium which had been iden-
tified by Reichenbach f. Cf. Leavitt’s paper, “The Genus Eria
in the Philippine Islands,” in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4: 2138-215.

Minporo, Luzon, Necros, Leyre.

58. Eria Woodiana Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 : 382.

Luzon, Mrnporo.

59. Eria zamboangensis sp. nov. Aff. E. palawanensis sed in
habitu major. Tota planta cum pedunculo circiter 3.5 dm. alta.
Caulis vaginis foliaceis obtectus. Folia 2-3, oblonga, 3 dm. longa,
usque ad 2.7 cm. lata, rigida, coriacea, utrinque fastigata, ad
apicem acuta. Vagine imbricata. Pedunculus + 1.5 dm. longus,
bracteis paucis adpressis. Inflorescentize vaginas ad basim per-
forantes, foliis breviores, multiflor, lanuginose. Bractez inflo-
rescentiz, squamiformes, minute, in sicco scariose, 1 mm. longe.
Racemus usque ad 1 dm. longus, sublaxiflorus. Pedicellus cum
capsula 1.5 cm. longus. Sepala lateralia ad pedem gynostemii de-
currentia, mentum magnum, obtusum, 3 mm. longum forman-
tia, late oblique ovato-triangularia, obtusa, circiter 5 mm. longa,
4.5 mm. lata, extus disperse pilosa. Sepalum dorsale valde con-

[ 160 ]

ORCHIDACE#

cavum quam sepala lateralia angustius, vix 6 mm. longum. Petala
oblonga, obtusa, trinervia, 5 mm. longa, vix 2 mm. lata. Label-
lum erectum, concavo-cymbiforme, basi fere saccatum, subor-
biculare, integrum, 6 mm. longum, 4 mm. latum, acutum, intus
costis tribus, media duplici apicem versus evanescenti, lateralibus
ultra medium disci terminantibus. Gynostemium breve.

Eria zamboangensis is a near relative of E. cymbiformis J. J.
Smith, from which it is readily distinguishable by means of
the entire labellum. From 2. palawanensis Ames, which has an
entire labellum, it is in part distinguished by its much broader
leaves. The central callus on the labellum is very fleshy and ter-
minates rather abruptly. The lateral calli or keels are membrana-
ceous and in dried specimens lie flat, the margin overlapping the
margin of the labellum. At the apex each keel is free and from
the material examined appears to be thickened and tubercular.

Minpanao, District of Zamboanga, FE. D. Merrill 8143, Sax River Moun-
tain. Altitude + 1100 meters. November to December, 1911.

65. BULBOPHYLLUM Thou.

This is a vast genus, which contains approximately seven hundred
species. As at present understood, it is the richest in species of all
orchid genera. Eighty-six members of the genus have been re-
ported from the Philippines on reliable information. To this num-
ber one might add at least a dozen species which have been cred-
ited with Philippine origin, but which are undoubtedly extra-lim-
ital. ‘The section Racemosz, represented by forms which belong
to Schlechter’s § Aphanobulbon, is characterized by the absence
of distinct pseudobulbs, and is one of the largest sections in the
Philippines. A key to this section was published in the Philippine
Journal of Science (7 :128), which includes all species described up
to August, 1912, to which a Philippine origin could be assigned.

[ 161 ]

ORCHIDACE

In the following list no attempt has been made to separate Bul-
bophyllum from Cirrhopetalum. The section Cirrhopetalum is
characterized usually by an umbel-like inflorescence and united
lateral sepals. Schlechter recognizes Cirrhopetalum. J. J. Smith
in his Die Orchideen von Java united it with Bulbophyllum. I
am not prepared to adopt the view which upholds the section as
a distinct genus, although I agree with Dr. Schlechter that there
are several reasons why Cirrhopetalum would be better treated
as a distinct group. Most of the species are very easily recognized
through their appearance and floral structure, and with the ex-
ception of a few species are separable from Bulbophyllum at a
glance. In my own herbarium I keep all Cirrhopetalum species
under separate covers, which practice is an admission of the
convenience experienced by the recognition of a clearly charac-
terized group. But until Bulbophyllum is taken in hand by the
monographer and thoroughly studied, a work which must soon
be undertaken, I am inclined for purposes of publication to keep
Bulbophyllum and Cirrhopetalum inseparable.

1. Bulbophyllum adenopetalum Lind. in Bot. Reg. (1842) Mise.
85. B. anguipes Schltr. from Celebes is a near ally of this spe-
cies. In Phanerogame Cumingiane Philippinarum Cuming’s
2076 is referred to Bulbophyllum penicillium Par. and Reichb. f.
I have seen a duplicate of this number preserved in the herba-
rium of the British Museum of Natural History which is referable
to B. adenopetalum Lindl. (as that species is at present under-
stood), and in no way comparable with B. penicilliwm, a species
that I have not seen among the Philippine species I have ex-
amined. In my herbarium there is a note which accompanies
a specimen of Merrill’s 3853. This note I made at the British
Museum of Natural History, and it reads as follows:“ Proba-
bly near Bulbophyllum penicillium, Cuming 2076 Ins. Philipp. in

[ 162 ]

ORCHIDACEA

Brit. Mus.” Under this note is written, “ Not B. penicilliwm.” In
my note-book there are sketches of drawings in color by Lind-
ley of B. adenopetalum from Singapore, designated as follows:
“Singapore Loddiges no. 177, Oct. 10, 1842.” My notes are as
follows: “These drawings occur on a sheet which carries two
Philippine species collected by Cuming. They [the plants] may
match Merrill’s 3853 in my herbarium. They have a similar leaf!
I take it that these are type specimensof Lindley’s Bulbophyllum
adenopetalum. There are no other sheets representing the species
in his herbarium.” Lindley’s sketches agree in essential details
with the flowers of Merrill’s 3853. Lindley’s description in the
Botanical Register (1842) Misc. 85, was prepared from speci-
mens imported by Messrs. Loddiges from Singapore. This de-
scription agrees very well with the Philippine specimens in the
Lindley Herbarium.

In the Flora of British India (5: 770) Sir J. D. Hooker placed
B. adenopetalum under species excluded and unknown with the
following brief note: “2. adenopetalum Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1842,
Mise. 85, which was supposed to be a native of Singapore, is
a Philippine Island species.” In the sixth volume of his Flora,
on page 188, I find the following: “'T'wo different Philippine
species in Hb. Hook. and in Hb. Lindley, both labelled by that
author B. adenopetalum, led me to suppose that the latter had
been erroneously attributed to Singapore, whence my exclusion
of it from the Flora.”

The type of B. adenopetalum may have come from Singapore,
and may be unlike the Philippine specimens later referred to
it. Ridley in his Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Penin-
sula does not help us to a solution of the problem; he includes
B. adenopetalum among the species cited, but his reference to
distribution adds another perplexing question. It is as follows:

[ 163 ]

ORCHIDACE

*Singapore’ Hort. Loddiges. Cult. in Hort. Bot. Singap. with-
out locality. August, 1893. Perak, Kamuning (Machado).”

In my herbarium there is a duplicate of Elmer’s 7572 from
Luzon which Dr. R. Schlechter referred to B. adenopetalum
Lindl. Reichenbach f. cited B. adenopetalum as a near ally of the
Philippine B. braccatum.

For the present it seems best to await more complete informa-
tion before abandoning the name B. adenopetalum for the Phil-
ippine species represented by Cuming 2076 and Merrill 3853.

Luzon, Mrinporo.

2. Bulbophyllum zolium Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 429.

Luzon, Leyte.

3. Bulbophyllum estivale sp. nov. Herba pusilla, epiphytica.
Radices fibrata, glabra. Rhizoma repens. Pseudobulbi approx-
imati, erecti, pyriformes, in sicco rugosi, superne fastigati, 5-6
mm. longi, 3 mm. in diametro, monophylli. Folium elliptico-ob-
longum, coriaceum, obtusum, ad apicem integerrimum, utrin-
que attenuatum, 1.5-3.3 cm. longum, usque ad 7 mm. latum,
quam scapus multo brevius. Scapus filiformis, glabrus, erectus
vel ascendens, uniflorus, usque ad 6 cm. longus, bractea minuta
infundibuliforme infra florum. Pedunculus cum ovario usque
ad 1 cm. longus. Flos usque ad 6 mm. longus, sepalis petalisque
flavidis, labello purpureo. Sepala lateralia circiter 6 mm. longa,
2.5 mm. lata, oblongi-elliptica, acuta, trinervia, ad marginem in-
feriorem minute pubescentia. Sepalum dorsale anguste ellipti-
cum, acutum, trinervium, ad marginem hirsutum, 6 mm. longum,
2.5 mm. latum. Petala anguste elliptica quam sepalum dorsale
multo minora, uninervia, ad marginem hirsuta, 3.5 mm. longa,
1.5 mm. lata. Labellum lingulatum carnosum, obtusum, ob-
cuneatum vel anguste spathulatum, extus ad basim glanduloso-

[ 164 ]

ORCHIDACE

pubescens, ad basim bilobatum, lobis auriculatis, erectis, minutis,
vix 1 mm. longis, glabris; totum labellum vix 4 mm. longum,
prope apicem vix 1.5 mm. latum. Gynostemium breve, antice
utroque ad apicem longe bicuspidatum; pes ad apicem dilatatus,
subsagittatus; anthera glandulosa, pubescens.

Bulbophyllum ecestivale is related to B. chryseum (Krinzl.)
eS.
Leyte, Jaro, C. 4. Wenzel 0395, May 25, 1904. Epiphyte in forest. Alti-
tude 600 meters.
4. Bulbophyllum alagense 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 : 233.

Luzon, Minporo.

5. Bulbophyllum alsiosum -4mes in Elmer’s Leaflets of Phil.
Bot. 5: 1583.

Luzon, NEcRos.

6. Bulbophyllum antenniferum Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. 6:
248. Cirrhopetalum antenniferum Lind/. in Bot. Reg. (1843) sub
t. 49. I know this from the type in the Lindley Herbarium. As
yet I have not succeeded in identifying it with any Philippine
species that has come to hand except B. Blumen.

7. Bulbophyllum auratum Feichb. f! in Walp. Ann. 6 : 261.

Minpanao, LEYTE.

8. Bulbophyllum baleniceps Reichb. f: in Hamb. Gartenz. 19:
280 is referred to the Philippines. The original description was
entirely prepared from a flower of which the native country
was unknown to Reichenbach. In Xenia Orchidacea Reichen-
bach described the species in detail from a plant cultivated in
the collection of Consul Schiller, and stated that the Philippine
origin of the species was by no means sure. Plate 157 of Xenia
shows the plant in detail. I do not know of any Philippine Bulbo-

phyllum referable to it. Pfitzer in Engler & Prantl’s Die natiir-
[ 165 |

ORCHIDACE#

lichen Pflanzenfamilien based his section Balznoidea on this spe-
cies, and ascribed B. balceniceps to it as a native of the Philippines.
In Kew Index B. baleniceps is referred to B. Napelh Lindl.,
a species which was described in 1842 from material collected
by Descourtilz in Brazil. The specific name, “ Napelli,” was sug-
gested by the resemblance of the flower to Aconitum Napellus.
Under this species in Martius’ Flora Brasiliensis, Cogniaux does
not cite B. baleniceps in the synonymy of B. Napelli.

9. Bulbophyllum bataanense Ames OrcHIDACE# 1 : 96.

Luzon, Minpanao.

10. Bulbophyllum (§ Cirrhopetalum) baucoense sp.nov. Rhizoma
longe repens. Radices elongatz, crasse. Pseudobulbi conico-
cylindracei, angulati vel tetragoni, nitidi, flavidi, usque ad 3 cm.
longi, +1 cm. in diametro, unifoliati. Folium oblongi-ellipticum
vel late ellipticum, coriaceum, nervosum, ad apicem leviter et
eequaliter bilobum, ad basim fastigatum, in petiolum sulcatum,
2 cm. longum, contractum; lamina folii usque ad 1.5 dm. longa,
circiter 5 cm. lata, aliquando angustior. Scapus elongatus, foliis
adultis brevior vel multo longior, bracteatus, 1-3.5 dm. longus,
+ 9-florus. Flores hermosi, racemo in umbellam constricto. Brac-
teze inflorescentiz confertz, lineari-lanceolate, acuta, usque ad
1 cm. longz, pedicellis breviores. Pedicellus cum ovario gracilis
vix 2 cm. longus. Sepala lateralia usque ad apicem coherentia,
sed prope basim libera, lineari-oblonga, acuta, 2.5 cm. longa. Se-
palum dorsale multo brevius, cucullatum, ellipticum, in caudam
filiformem prolongatum, totum sepalum 12 mm. longum (cauda
filiformis 4 mm. longa). Petala lanceolata 5 mm. longa, sub-
tiliter dentata, vix fimbriata, ad apicem mucronata, trinervia,
atropurpurea. Labellum lingulatum, valde incrassatum, ad basim
bilobulatum, 4 mm. longum. Columna brevis, ad apicem longe

[ 166 ]

ORCHIDACE#

bicuspidatum, utraque cuspis inzequaliter bilobata, lobulo ante-
riore elongato, subulato; lobulo posteriore dentiformi.

Bulbophyllum baucoense is closely allied to B. trisetum Ames
and B. Weberi Ames.

Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Bauco, Father M. Vanoverbergh 2613,
March 9, 1913. Epiphyte, 1500 meters above sea level. Flowers yellow
with red spots, labellum red.

11. Bulbophyllum Blumei J. J. Smith Orch. Jav. 459. B. cus-
pidilingue Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. 6 : 264. Ephippium ciliatum
Blume Bidr. 309, f. 65. Cirrhopetalum Blumei Lindl. Gen. &
Sp. Orch. 59. Phyllorchis Blumei O. K. Rev. Gen. PI. 2 : 676. In
the Philippine Journal of Science (7 : 127) I gave a list of all the
species of Bulbophyllum reported on reliable authority to be na-
tives of the Philippine Islands. In this list B. Blume was included,
although no material of Philippine origin had passed through
my hands. Since my list was published I have examined a series
of specimens from Leyte which correspond, so far as the details
of the flower are concerned, with a specimen in the herbarium of
the Bureau of Science sent from Java by J. J. Smith and referred
by him to B. Blumei. This specimen consists of a single flower
and lacks both pseudobulbs and leaves. My specimens also agree
with the figure published by Smith in his supplementary plates
to Die Orchideen von Java.

In my herbarium there is a sketch of the type of Lindley’s
Cirrhopetalum maxillare (Bulbophyllum mawillare Reichb. f.),
which resembles so closely the specimens which I have referred to
B. Blumei that I am inclined to believe that Lindley’s plant may
prove to be conspecific with B. Blume. The flower of B. Cheiri
Lindl. resembles B. Blumet. Lindley’s sketch of the labellum
resembles very closely the form of the labellum of B. Blumei.

[ 167]

ORCHIDACEA#
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 0107, June 1, 1913. On trees at great

height, 60 meters above sea level. Flowers purple.
12. Bulbophyllum Bolsteri Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7 : 139.

Minpanao, Luzon.

13. Bulbophyllum bontocense 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sei. 7 : 1385.

Luzon.

14. Bulbophyllum braccatum Reichb. f. in Linnea 41:117.
“Vaginis basilaribus pedunculorum amplis ancipitibus latere fisso
obtusangulis, quaternis, racemo subsecundo plurifloro, bracteis
lanceoacuminatis uninerviis, ovaria pedicellata superantibus,
sepalo impari triangulo acuminato, sepalis lateralibus latioribus,
longioribus, tepalis linearibus apiculatis uninerviis, labello trilobo,
lobis lateralibus semiovatis, lobo medio ligulato obtuso producto,
columne setis validis.

“Pone B. adenopetalum Lindl. tepalis valde diversum. Inflo-
rescentia Tibi illam Pediloni cujusdam in mentem revocat. Flores
illis B. cocoini Lindl. submajores. Manila.” Reichb. f. Lc.

Luzon, Manila, Wallis.

15. Bulbophyllum canlaonense Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7:
136. The following description from alcoholic material is offered
in amplification of the original diagnosis : Rhizome very slender,
wiry, less than 1 mm. thick. Pseudobulbs about as large as a small
pea, rounded, grooved lightly, at the summit slightly depressed.
Leaves nearly sessile, elliptic-oblong, entire at the apex, very
fleshy, with a longitudinal median groove above. Scape slender,
erect, from beneath the pseudobulb with a tubular bract at base.
Flowers bell-shaped, nodding. Sepals reflexed from about the
middle, elliptic-lanceolate. Petals obovate spathulate, obscurely
apiculate, one-nerved. Labellum strongly arched, lightly sulcate
along the middle, ecallose. Gynostemium fleshy, 2 mm. high,

[ 168 ]

ORCHIDACE

somewhat conical, witha little tooth beneath thestigmaticcavity ;
foot elongated, triangular at the base, abruptly upcurved beyond
the middle.

Neeros, Luzon.

16. Bulbophyllum Cheiri Lind/.in Bot. Reg. (1844) Mise. p. 44.
Lindley’s specimen from the Philippines surely approaches B.
Blumei. The very characteristic labellum of B. Blumei is dupli-
cated in B. Cheiri, and the general aspect of the solitary flower
is similar in both species.

17. Bulbophyllum (§ Umbellata) chrysendetum sp.nov. Rhizoma
longe repens. Pseudobulbi oblique ascendentes, pyriformes, in
sicco rugosi, superne fastigati, 8-9 mm. longi, circiter 5 mm. in
crassitudine, monophylli, 2 cm. distantes inter se. Folium cori-
aceum, late oblongum, vel oblongi-ellipticum, ad apicem bilo-
batum, ad basim rotundatum, in petiolum brevem contractum,
circiter 3 cm. longum, 1.3 cm. latum, vix fastigatum. Petiolus
2mm. longum. Scapi foliis breviores, a basi pseudobulbi vel a rhi-
zomate in medio inter pseudobulbos orti, usque ad 2.1 cm. longi,
bracteatus, bracteis vaginantibus, + 8mm. longus. Bractez inflo-
rescentiz, lanceolate, circiter 3mm. long. Pedicellus cum ova-
rio quam bractez inflorescentiz brevior. Sepala lateralia circiter
6 mm. longa, elongato-triangula, superne incrassata, subcaudata,
acuta, sepalo dorsali multo longiora. Sepalum dorsale lanceola-
tum, prope apicem incrassatum, concavum, circiter 4mm. longum.
Petala quam sepala multo breviora, pellucida in sicco, oblongi-
elliptica, obtusa, 2mm. longa, vix 1 mm. lata, gynostemium exce-
dentia. Labelium crassum, linguiforme, circiter 1.5 mm. longum,
ecallosum. Gynostemium ad apicem bicuspidatum.

Nearly related to Bulbophyllum multiflorum Krinzl., but with
very much smaller and differently formed pseudobulbs.
[ 169 ]

ORCHIDACEA
Leyte, Dagami, C. 4. Wenzel 0219, July 31, 1913. Epiphyte in forest,

60 meters above sea level.
18. Bulbophyllum chryseum 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 6 : 54,

Leyte, Luzon.

19. Bulbophyllum Clemensiz 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7 : 129.

MinpDanao.

20. Bulbophyllum Copelandii Ames OrcHiIpDAcE”& 1 : 97.

Luzon, Minpanao.

21. Bulbophyllum Cumingii FRerchd. f. in Walp. Ann. 6 : 261.

Luzon, NrEcros.

22. Bulbophyllum cuneatum Folfe ex Ames in Ames OrcuI-
DACEZ 1: 98.

Luzon.

23. Bulbophyllum Curranii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7: 180.

Luzon.

24. Bulbophyllum (§ Sestochilus) dagamense sp. nov. Pseudo-
bulbi cylindracei, leviter fastigati, 3.5 cm. longi, in sicco circiter
4 mm. in diametro, rugosi, rigidi, monophylli. Folium longipetio-
latum, usque ad 3 dm. longum, usque ad petiolum paulatim fas-
tigatum, supra medium oblongum, subito acuminatum, acutum,
lamina in sicco subchartacea, 1.7 dm. longa, supra medium 4 em.
lata. Petiolus circiter 3 cm. longus, sulcatus. Scapus uniflorus,
a basi pseudobulbi ortus, 5 cm. longus, bracteatus, bracteis arcte
adpressis, vaginatis, acutis, usque ad 11 mm. longis. Ovarium
alatum. Pedicellus gracilis. Flos 2 cm. longus, carnosus. Sepala
lateralia oblique triangularia, acuta, 1.7 cm. longa, 7 mm. lata,
in sicco flavida, deflexa. Sepalum dorsale anguste triangulum,
acuminatum, acutum, 1.9 cm. longum, ad basim circiter 5 mm.
latum, flavidum. Petala anguste triangula vel triangulari-lanceo-

lata, acuminata, acuta, leviter falcata, flavida, 1.7 cm. longa, ad
[ 170 ]

ORCHIDACEA

basim circiter 3.5 mm. lata. Labellum fulvum, valde arcuatum,
carnosum, subtus pubescens, carinatum, superne sulcatum, ad
apicem subtruncatum, leviter retusum, in disco bicarinatum, ca-
rinis carnosis. Totum labellum circiter 5 mm. longum. Gynoste-
mium brevissimum, in pedem perlongum productum.

In dried specimens the sepals and petals are yellowish, the
labellum brownish purple. In habit Bulbophyllum dagamense re-
sembles B. maculosum Ames and B. uniflorum Hassk. The type
consists of a single specimen.

Leyte, Dagami, C. 4. Wenzel 057, December 31, 1912. On trees at me-
dium height, 60 meters above sea level. Flower yellow, green, and brown.

25. Bulbophyllum dasypetalum Rolfe ex Ames in Ames Or-
CHIDACE# 1:98.

Luzon, Minporo.

26. Bulbophyllum Dearei Veitch Man. Orch. Pl. 3:95.

Minpanao.

27. Bulbophyllum (§ Racemosee) deceptum sp. nov. Aff. B. min-
danaensi. Radices numerose crassa. Rhizoma repens. Pseudo-
bulbi minuti cylindracei, abbreviati, 2 mm. alti, circiter 5 mm.
in diametro, monophylli, approximati. Folium longipetiola-
tum, oblongi-ellipticum, permagnum, ad apicem rotundatum, in
sicco subcoriaceum; lamina usque ad 2 dm. longa, 6.5 cm. lata,
quam scapi multo brevior. Petiolus rigidus, valde suleatus, usque
ad 6 cm. longus. Scapi a basi pseudobulbi orti, flaccidi, graciles,
usque ad 3.5 dm. longi, pauci-bracteati infra raceemum. Racemi
elongati, circiter 2.5 dm. longi, multiflori. Flores minuti, flavidi.
Bractez inflorescentize lanceolatz, acuminate, valde acute, cir-
citer 4 mm. longz. Pedicellus cum ovario circiter 2 mm. longus.
Sepala lateralia triangulari-lanceolata, subacuta, 2.5 mm. longa,
1.5 mm. lata, mentum obtusum, 1 mm. longum formantia, ad

[171 ]

ORCHIDACEA

apicem valde incrassata. Sepalum dorsale oblongi-lanceolatum,
2 mm. longum, circiter 1 mm. latum, concaviusculum, ad api-
cem valde incrassatum. Petala minuta, circiter 1 mm. longa, .5
mm. lata, oblonga, obtusa. Labellum minutum, 1 mm. longum,
oblongum, obtusum, incrassatum, sulcatum, leviter arcuatum.
Gynostemium brevissimum.

Bulbophyllum deceptum is not unlike B. mindanaense Ames in
general aspect, and is a near ally of the Bornean &. e/atiws Ridl.
B.mindanaense isa more robust plant, with longer, stouter scapes,
larger leaves, and a much thicker rhizome. The lateral sepals of
B. mindanaense are much blunter, and at the base much broader
than those of B. deceptum.

Leyte, Dagami, C. 4. Wenzel 0148, June 21, 1913. Epiphyte in forest.

28. Bulbophyllum dissolutum Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8:
429.

Luzon.

29. Bulbophyllum Doryphoroide sp. nov. Rhizoma repens fibris
tectus. Pseudobulbi parvuli, oblique ascendentes, in sicco rugosi,
irregulariter pyriformes vix 1 cm. longi, + 7 mm. in diametro, sub-
conferti, monophylli. Folium coriaceum, ad apicem minute bi-
lobum, a basi cuneatum, oblongi-ellipticum vel oblanceolatum,
usque ad 14 cm. longum, 3.5 cm. latum. Seapus gracilis foliis lon-
gior, circiter 15 cm. longus, pauci-bracteatus. Flores conferti, in
racemo denso dispositi, atropurpurei, vix 1 cm. longi. Racemus cir-
citer 1.5 cm. longus. Pedicellus cum ovario circiter 2 mm. longus.
Sepala lateralia ad basim coherentia, oblique ovata, obtusa, 7
mm. longa, 3.5 mm. lata, insigniter trinervia, nerviis atropurpu-
reis. Sepalum dorsale simile, late ovatum, valde obtusum, insig-
niter quinquenervia, nerviis atropurpureis. Petala elliptica, valde
obtusa, margine minute denticulata, vix 4 mm. longa, circiter

[ 172 ]

ORCHIDACE

2mm. lata, uninervia. Labellum crassum, orbiculare ad apicem,
leviter retusum, prope basim bicallosum, minute papulosum, vel
scabridum. Gynostemium brevissimum, antice utroque ad api-
cem processus trilobatus, lobo mediano valde acuto, lobis late-

ralibus rotundatis.

According to the collector’s notes the flowers of this species
are deep wine red. From dried specimens it would seem that
the ground color of the sepals is yellowish with broad longitudi-
nal bands of deep purple. The petals have a broad median band
similar in color to the characteristic bands of the sepals.

Luzon, Subprovince Ifugao, Mount Polis, R. C. McGregor Bur. Sci.
19873, February 5, 1913.
30. Bulbophyllum Elmeri 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7 : 136.

Luzon.

31. Bulbophyllum elongatum Hassk. (not Krdnzl.) Cat. bog.
39. B. sceptrum Feichb. f. in Walp. Ann. 6 : 254. B. gigas Rid.
in Journ. Linn. Soc. 32 : 277. Ephippium elongatum 7. Bijdr.
309. Cirrhopetalum elongatum Lindi. in Bot. Reg. (1843) sub t.
49. Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. 6 : 264, Phyllorchis elongata O..K.
Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 : 677.

The plant on which my determination is based agrees in gen-
eral aspect with Blume’s type at Leiden. The leaves are not so
large as those described by J. J. Smith in his Die Orchideen
von Java, nor are the sheathing bracts of the scape so long, but
the other details of structure are in pretty close agreement with
the analysis of Bulbophyllum elongatum. I have referred B. gigas
Ridley to the synonymy of B. elongatum on the authority of
J. J. Smith.

Minpanaog, District of Cottabato, C. M. Weber 227, August 25, 1911.
Altitude 2800 feet. Epiphyte. Flower yellow and purple.

[ 173 ]

ORCHIDACE

32. Bulbophyllum (§ Racemose) Escritoru sp. nov. Aff. B. dasy-
petalo. Rhizoma repens. Folia circiter 1.5 cm. distantia, coriacea,
oblonga, ad apicem basimque fastigata, petiolata, in sicco sub-
tiliter rugosa, 8-13.5 cm. longa, 9-18 mm. lata, erecta, lamina
6-10 cm. longa, petiolo circiter 2.5 cm. longo, sulcato, rigido.
Scapi graciles, flexuosi, foliis multo longiores, bracteis tubu-
laribus, ad basim folii orti, usque ad 2.5 dm. longi, vix 1 mm. in
diametro. Flores flavidi in racemo laxo dispositi. Racemus cir-
citer 1 dm. longus, gracilis, flexuosus. Bractez inflorescentia in
sicco scariose, lanceolate, pedicellis longiores, usque ad 3 mm.
long. Pedicellus cum ovario circiter 2 mm. longus. Sepala lat-
eralia oblique triangula, acuta, ad apicem leviter carinata, glabra,
mentum obtusum formantia, 4 mm. longa, circiter 2 mm. lata.
Mentum 2 mm. longum, valde obtusum. Sepalum dorsale ob-
longum, acutum, ad apicem conduplicatum, ad basim concavi-
usculum, 4.5 mm. longum, 1.5 mm. latum. Petala rhombico-
spathulata, vix acuta, manifeste uninervia, circiter 2 mm. longa,
vix 1 mm. lata, quam sepala multo minora. Labellum lingula-
tum, glabrum, antice anguste ellipticum, obtusum, manifeste
trinervium in sicco, ad basim breviter unguiculatum; totum la-
bellum 3.5 mm. longum, pars anterior 1.25 mm. lata. Calli nulli.
Gynostemium breve, ad apicem bicuspidatum.

The elongated scapes, which are about twice as long as the
leaves, with the flowers 6—7 mm. apart in slender racemes, give
to Bulbophyllum Escritoru a very characteristic appearance. B.
dasypetalum Rolfe and B. Vanoverberghu Ames are the most
closely allied to B. E’scritora of all known Philippine species.
B. Vanoverberghii has much broader leaves and is easily distin-
guishable by means of its different inflorescence. The elongated
scapes of B. Escritorii and the less acuminate lateral sepals

[ 174 ]

ORCHIDACE

are distinguishing characteristics when compared with B. dasy-
petalum.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Guinayangan, L. Escritor Bur. Sci. 20734,
March 7, 1913.
33. Bulbophyllum exile Ames ORCHIDACEA 2 : 208.

Minpanao.

34, Bulbophyllum Fenixii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8: 430.

CAMIGUIN.

35. Bulbophyllum gimagaanense Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci.
T2130:

NEGROs.

36. Bulbophyllum gnomoniferum 4 mes ORCHIDACE# 2 : 209.

Minpbanao.

37. Bulbophyllum graciliscapum Ames & Rolfe sp. nov. Radices
fibratz, copiose, graciles, glabrae. Pseudobulbi aggregati, anguste
pyriformes, in sicco rugosi, circiter 1 cm. longi, monophylli.
Folium ligulato-lanceolatum, acutum, utrinque attenuatum,
5-8 cm. longum, 1 cm. latum, in sicco subchartaceum. Scapi nu-
merosi, graciles, 3 cm. longi, erecti, foliis multo breviores, uniflori,
a basi pseudobulbi vel a rhizomate in medio inter pseudobulbos
orti. Flos 6 mm. longus. Sepala lateralia anguste triangularia, 5.5
mm. longa, ad basim circiter 2 mm. lata, acuta. Sepalum dor-
sale lanceolatum acutum ad marginem pubescens. Petala trian-
gulari-lanceolata, ad marginem pubescens, circiter 5 mm. longa,
uninervia. Labellum lingulatum, vix 4 mm. longum, carnosum.
Gynostemium breve, circiter 1 mm. longum, ad apicem, antice,
utroque bicuspidatum. Processus setiformis, usque ad 1.5 mm.
longus. Capula arcuata.

The elongated processes at the summit of the column and the

numerous flower scapes are characteristic. In dried specimens the
ee ea

ORCHIDACEA

jabellum appears to have been deep purple in color when fresh.
The petals near the tip are greenish blue in dried specimens.
Minpanao, Mount Apo, E. B. Copeland 1127, April, 1904. On limbs of
mossy trees.
38. Bulbophyllum halconense 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2:334.

Minporo.

39. Bulbophyllum lancifolium Ames in Elmer’s Leaflets of
Phil. Bot. 5: 1583.

Minpanao, NEGRos.

40. Bulbophyllum lancilabium sp. nov. Aff. B. parvilabio Schitr.
et B. angustifolio Lindl. Rhizoma longe repens, pseudobulbis
arcte adpressis, reeumbentibus. Pseudobulbi in sicco nigrescen-
tes, 1 em. longi, circiter 4 mm. in diametro, monophylli, approx-
imati. Folium coriaceum, incrassatum, oblongi-ellipticum, usque
ad 3 cm. longum, circiter 1 cm. latum, acutum. Petiolus nullus.
Pedunculus a rhizomate ortus, uniflorus, quam pseudobulbus
brevior, cum capsula circiter 1 cm. longus. Flores 5 mm. longus.
Sepala lateralia triangulari-lanceolata, acuta, circiter 5 mm.
longa, carnosa. Sepalum dorsale oblongi-lanceolatum, acutum,
carnosum, rigidum. Petala quam sepala multo minora, elliptica,
1.25 mm. longa, uninervia, membranacea. Labellum lanceola-
tum, purpureum, carnosum, unguiculatum, obtusum, circiter 2
mm. longum, pene 1 mm. latum. Gynostemium breve, antice ad
apicem bicuspidatum.

The material at hand is a fruiting specimen with the flowers
still in serviceable condition for analysis. The pseudobulbs are
closely adpressed to the rhizome, the apex pointing in the direc-
tion of growth. The old pseudobulbs from which the leaves have
fallen form a chain-like series, the summit of each overlapping
the base of the pseudobulb in front. The flowers are inconspicu-

[ 176 ]

ORCHIDACEA

ous, and, in herbarium specimens, appear to arise from a simple
leafy stem.
Luzon, Laguna Province, San Antonio, Maximo Ramos Bur. Sci. 20439,
February 23, 1913. On branches of trees. Altitude 1000 meters.
41. Bulbophyllum lancipetalum 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7:23.

MinbDanao.

42. Bulbophyllum lasioglossum Rolfe ex Ames in Ames Or-
CHIDACE 1: 100.

Luzon.

43. Bulbophyllum Leibergu Ames & Rolfe sp. nov. Radices
fibratze. Pseudobulbi nulli vel minuti. Folium valde carnosum,
rigidum, ad apicem rotundatum, ad basim attenuatum, vix in pe-
tiolum productum, oblanceolatum, usque ad 9 em. longum, 2-3
em. latum, scapo duplo brevius. Scapus circiter 1.5 dm. longus,
gracilis, pauci-bracteatus. Flores minuti,in racemo denso dispositi.
Racemus circiter 2.5 cm. longus, cylindraceus. Bractez inflores-
centize minute. Sepala lateralia 2.5 mm. longa, infra medium co-
herentia, oblongi-lanceolata, obtusa, laminam late ellipticam,
bifidam, 2.5 mm. longam formantia, ad margines pubescentia. Se-
palum dorsale circiter 2.5 mm. longum, 1.5 mm. latum, oblongi-
ellipticum, obtusum, ad marginem pubescens, ad basim concavum.
Petala 2 mm. longa, vix 1.75 mm. lata, lanceolata vel rhombico-
lanceolata, valde acuta, pubescentia. Labellum ovato-cordatum,
1.5 mm. longum, circiter 1 mm. latum, subacutum, pubescens.
Gynostemium breve, ad apicem bicuspidatum.

Related to Bulbophyllum Doryphoroide Ames, but with much
smaller flowers.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, J. B. Leiberg 6034, July
20, 1904. Altitude 900 meters, near Lamao Nurseries. Epiphytic. Pava-
wan, Mount Victoria, /. W. Foxworthy Bur. Sci. 702, March 23, 1906.

fe

ORCHIDACEAE
Altitude 1000 meters, on bark of tree. Flowers dark purple with dis-

agreeable odor.
44. Bulbophyllum lepantense 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7: 131.

Luzon.

45. Bulbophyllum Levane sp. nov. Radices fibrate. Pseudo-
bulbi approximati, pyriformes, in sicco valde rugosi et angulati,
superne fastigati, 2-3 cm. longi, 1.5—2 cm. in diametro, contigui,
erecti vel ascendentes, monophylli. Folium valde coriaceum, in
petiolum elongatum contractum ; lamina ligulato-oblonga, usque
ad 22 cm. longa, 3-4 cm. lata, erecta, quam pedunculus multo
longior ; petiolus rigidus, circiter 4.5 cm. longus, sulcatus. Scapus
ascendens a basi pseudobulbi ortus, rigidus, pauci-bracteatus, cir-
citer 1 dm. longus, 2—3 florus. Bractez usque ad 1.5 cm. longe,
vaginatz. Pedicellus cum ovario circiter 1.5 cm. longus. Flores
flavidi circiter 4 cm. longi. Sepala lateralia triangulari-linearia,
valde acuta, carinata, 4cm. longa, prope basim 5 mm. lata, ad api-
cem subcaudata, carnosa. Sepalum dorsale lineari-lanceolatum,
acutum, subcaudatum, prope apicem carinatum, ad basim ecari-
natum, circiter 3 cm. longum, prope basim 6 mm. latum. Petala
triangulari-lanceolata, acuta, ad apicem breviter apiculata, 12mm.
longa, prope basim + 4 mm. lata, quam labellum longiora. Label-
lum anguste lingulatum, trilobatum, lobis lateralibus rotundatis,
erectis, 4 mm. longis, lobo medio 7 mm. longo, 2 mm. lato, con-
vexo, obtuso. Gynostemium circiter 7 mm. longum, antice ad
apicem utrinque in stelidium subulatum productum. Stelidia
gynostemii usque ad 2 mm. longa.

Leyte, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0387, May 13,1914. Epiphyte in forest. Alti-
tude 500 meters. Sepals and petals yellow, labellum brown.

46. Bulbophyllum leytense sp. nov. Rhizoma longe repens, ligno-
sum, foliis oblongis obtusis petiolatis basi vix bulbosis, 3.5-6 cm.
distantibus. Petiolus elongatus, rigidus, usque ad 5 cm. longus,

[178 ]

ORCHIDACEE

sulcatus, erectus. Lamina folii 1-1.5 dm. longa, 2-3 cm. lata,
valde coriacea, ad basim attenuata. Scapus circiter 1 dm. longus,
infra racemum bracteatus, bracteis vaginantibus imbricantibus
obtectus. Flores flavidi, sublaxi, in racemo elongato dispositi.
Racemus usque ad 7 cm. longus. Bractez inflorescentiz lanceo-
late, acuminate, acute, usque ad 6 cm. long, in sicco fusco-
lutez. Pedicelli circiter 3 mm. longi, graciles. Sepala lateralia
circiter 6 mm. longa usque ad 2 mm. lata, triangulari-lanceolata,
valde acuta, acuminata, ad apicem carinata, ad basim mentum
brevem, obtusum, formantia. Sepalum dorsale lanceolatum, acu-
minatum, acutum. Petala subspathulata, ad apicem incrassata,
obtusa, vix 3 mm. longa, uninervia. Labellum elongatum, lingu-
latum, vix 5 mm. longum, incrassatum, acutum, prope basim de-
flexum, conduplicatum vel sulcatum, ad basim leviter bicallo-
sum. Columna brevis, breviter bicuspidata.

Bulbophyllum leytense is a member of the puzzling group to
which B. dasypetalum Rolfe and B. Vanoverberghi Ames be-
long, a group without the well-developed pseudobulbs that char-
acterize the section Aphanobulbon proposed by Schlechter. The
inflorescence is much shorter than the leaves; the scape below
the raceme is concealed by inflated, loose, imbricating sheaths.
In B. Vanoverberghi and B. dasypetalum the scape normally
exceeds the leaves in length and lacks, at least when mature, the
distinctive appearance caused by the imbricating bracts of B. ley-
tense. Another characteristic of B. leytense which is serviceable
for purposes of identification is the elongated labellum, which is
4 mm. long from the tip to the point where the sides become
conduplicate.

Leyte, Ormoc, C. A. Wenzel 098, May 18, 1913. On trees near streams
in the foothills.

ORCHIDACEA

47. Bulbophyllum longipetiolatum Ames in Elmer’s Leaflets
of Phil. Bot. 5:1584.

Minpanao.

48. Bulbophyllum luzonense 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7:141.
This is very closely allied to B. laxiflora Lindl., and may prove
to be conspecific with it or only a variety. It belongs to the sec-
tion Umbellata. B. laxiflora has been reported from Celebes, and
is also a native of Java.

Minpanao, Luzon, Leyte.

49. Bulbophyllum MacGregorii_4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci.7:137.

Luzon.

50. Bulbophyllum (§ Sestochilus) maculosum sp. nov. Radices
fibratae, ramosz. Rhizoma repens. Pseudobulbi cylindracei, quam
pedicellus cum ovario longiores, 3.5—4.5 em. longi, in sicco 4mm.
in diametro, vix fastigati, erecti vel ascendentes, monophylli. Fo-
lium breviter petiolatum subcoriaceum; lamina oblonga, abrupte
acuminata, valde acuta, 1.5-1.9 dm. longa, circiter 4 cm. lata,
ad basim leviter attenuata, in petiolum 1-1.5 em. longum con-
tracta. Scapus uniflorus erectus, a basi pseudobulbi ortus, brac-
teis scariosis obtectus. Bractee circiter 1 cm. longe, erecte,
acutee. Pedicellus cum ovario vix 2 cm. longus, leviter arcuatus.
Flos viridi-flavus, brunneo-punctatus, perspicabilis. Sepala later-
alia triangulari-falcata, acuta, + 2 em. longa, ad basim circiter
1 cm. lata, carnosa. Sepalum dorsale oblongi-lanceolatum, + 2.3
cm. longum, circiter 7 mm. latum. Petala oblongi-lanceolata,
acuminata, acuta, 2.2 cm. longa, circiter 7 mm. lata, septem-
nervia. Labellum carnosum, valde curvatum, circiter 7 mm.
longum, infra medium rotundatum, margine denticulato, supra
medium linguiforme, papillosum. Gynostemium breviter bicus-
pidatum.

[ 180 ]

ORCHIDACEA

The pseudobulbs and leaves resemble Bulbophyllum uniflorum
Hassk. Among the species of the section Sestochilus now known
to be natives of the Philippine Islands B. maculosum is distin-
guishable by means of its elongated pseudobulbs, which are longer
than the flower scapes, and by means of the greenish-yellow, con-
spicuously spotted sepals and petals.

Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 0199, July 10, 1913. Epiphyte in forest,
60 meters above sea level.

51. Bulbophyllum Makoyanum Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron.
(1879) 1: 234.

Luzon, Minpanao, Po.itto.

52. Bulbophyllum marivelense Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7:
132.

Luzon, Minpanao.

53. Bulbophyllum maxillare Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. 6 : 248.
From a sketch of Lindley’s type of Cirrhopetalum maaillare
it would appear that this species is a near ally of B. Cheiri and
B. Blumei. The labellum of B. maxillare was not observed by
Lindley. The lateral sepals were described as being free. In the
type of B. Cheiri the lateral sepals are coherent according to the
original diagnosis.

54, Bulbophyllum Mearnsii 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 430.
B. carinatum Ames not Smith.

MInpbanao.

55. Bulbophyllum Merrittii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2: 334.

Minporo.

56. Bulbophyllum mindanaense Ames in Elmer’s Leaflets of
Phil. Bot. 5:1585.

Minpanao, Leyte.

[ 181 ]

ORCHIDACEA

57. Bulbophyllum mindorense Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2:
334.

Minporo, Luzon.

58. Bulbophyllum monstrabile sp. nov. Rhizoma repens, vali-
dum. Pseudobulbi elongati, in sicco sulcati, circiter 1 dm. longi,
in sicco 1.5 cm. in diametro, monophylli. Folium petiolatum, el-
lipticum, + 2 dm. longum, circiter 1.2dm. latum, rigidum. Petiolus
sulcatus, 5 cm. longus. Scapus vaginatus, a rhizomate ortus, pauci-
florus, pseudobulbo et petiolo fere aqualis vel brevior. Bractez
infundibuliformes usque ad 4 cm. longz. Flores tres, approximati,
rubri. Sepala lateralia ad basim coherentia, valde carinata, + 8 cm.
longa, circiter 1.5 cm. lata, anguste lanceolata, acuminata, cau-
data. Carina 5 mm. alta. Sepalum dorsale elliptico-lanceolatum,
valde acuminatum, subcaudatum, extus scabridum, 2.5 em. latum.
Petala ovato-lanceolata, valde acuminata, quam sepala multo
minora, 3 cm. longa, circiter 1.4 cm. lata. Labellum vix 1.5 em.
longum, scabridum, lingulatum. Gynostemium circiter 5 mm.
longum, ad apicem bifurcatum.

By far the largest species of the genus in the Philippines and
one of the largest heretofore discovered. In the dried specimens
from which the description was prepared the pseudobulbs are
notably elongated, and as thick at the summit as at the base. The
lateral sepals are rough on the outer surface, and conspicuously
keeled. The petiole of the leaf together with the pseudobulb
exceeds the erect inflorescence.

Leyre, Jaro, C..A. Wenzel 0443, June 10, 1914. Epiphyte in forest. Alti-
tude 500 meters. Flowers red.

59. Bulbophyllum negrosianum Ames in Elmer's Leaflets of
Phil. Bot. 5: 1586.

NEGROs.

[ 182 ]

ORCHIDACE#

60. Bulbophyllum Othonis J. J. Smith in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buit.
2d ser. 8:26. B. nutans Reichb. f- in Walp. Ann. 6:260 not
Thou.

Leyte, Potitto.

61. Bulbophyllum orthoglossum Wendl. & Krédnzl. in Gard.
Chron. (1896) 1: 326. “In general appearance and habit the plant
may be compared with Bulbophyllum mandibulare, one of the
giants of the genus. ... The lip of this new species is, perhaps,
unique in the genus. At first it is really three-lobed, the side lobes
being comparatively small, bent forward, toothed at the margin,
and covered with little warts on the inside; the mid-lobe has a
cushion-shaped thick base, and a tongue-shaped, fleshy, acute,
straight apex. The column is at each side produced into a long
bristly acute tooth. The flowers are comparatively showy, the
sepals and petals being yellowish-green, with numerous brown
stripes throughout their whole length.”

*(Sarcopodium.)— Caulibus secundariis s. bulbis approximatis
ovalibus subcompressisad 5 cm. longis ad 2cm. latis monophyllis;
folio petiolato basi canaliculato oblongo obtuse acutato ad 20
em. longo ad 5 cm. lato; scapo folium subzquante, cataphyllis 3
arcte vaginantibus vestito, paucifloro; floribus succedaneis inter
majores generis, bracteis quam ovaria brevioribus; sepalis e basi
ovata productis acuminatis, lateralibus basi tantum in mentum
subnullum coalitis dorso apicem usque carinatis; petalis semi-
longis ovatis acutis; labelli hypochilio v. pede brevi, epichilio re
vera trilobo lobulis lateralibus antrorsis falcatis intus verrucosis
margine antico denticulatis, lobo intermedio protenso recto basi
ipsa pulvinari spongioso medio sulcato, parte anteriore triangula
carnosa acuta; gynostemio utrinque in dentem triangulum acu-
tum producto. Sepala ad 4 cm. longa viridi lutea brunnea stri-

ata, petala semilonga eodem colore, labellum paulo longius pur-
[ 183 ]

ORCHIDACEA

pureum. In Sarangui insula det. W. Micholitz, Freder. Sander
Verulamensis collecta indefessus.” Krianzl. /. c.

SARANGANI.

62. Bulbophyllum pauciflorum 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7:1382.

Luzon.

63. Bulbophyllum peramcenum Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8:
430.
MINDANAO.
64. Bulbophyllum pleurothalloides Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci.
2: 335.

Minporo.

65. Bulbophyllum (§ Cirrhopetalum) plumatum sp. nov. Aff. B.
ornatissimo Lindl. Rhizoma longe repens, in sicco usque ad 2 mm.
in diametro. Radices patentes, fibrata. Pseudobulbi 2-3 em. dis-
tantes, obliqui ascendentes, in sicco flavidi, obpyriformes, ad basim
rotundati, superne fastigati, tetragoni(?) sulcati, 1.5 em. longi, cir-
citer 9 mm. in crassitudine ad basim, 2 mm. in diametro ad apicem,
monophylli. Folium breviter petiolatum, lamina 7—-9.5 cm. longa,
circiter 1.5 cm. in diametro, utrinque attenuata, valde coriacea,
quam scapus brevior. Scapus gracilis, pauci-bracteatus. Rhachis
abbreviatus. Inflorescentia umbelliformis, bracteis lineari-lanceo-
latis,8 mm. longis. Flores purpurei, hermosi. Sepala lateralia+ 6.5
em. longa, linearia, infra medium puberula, pene ad apicem ag-
glutinata, circiter 2 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale ovato-orbiculare,
intus et extus minute puberulum, quinquenervia, purpurea, valde
concava, ad apicem vix apiculata, margine non fimbriata, 7 mm.
longa, circiter 6.5 mm. lata. Petala quam sepalum dorsale multo
minora, rotundata, circiter 1.5 cm. longa, marginibus paleis san-
guineis mobilibus creberrime ornusta. Labellum carnosum, tri-
angulari-linguiforme, acutum, 2 mm. longum.

[ 184 ]

ORCHIDACE#

This is an ally of Bulbophyllum ornatissimum and B. Colletti,
from both of which it is quite distinct. The very odd, feather-
like processes on the petals (which are brilliant carmine in color,
nearly 2 mm. long, and shortly stalked) are found in no other
Philippine species. They look exactly like little feathers, or like
the divisions of the plumes of Celosta plumosa, and are about
twenty in number on the upper margin of the inconspicuous
petals.

Minpanao, Bukidnon Subprovince, L. Escritor Bur. Sci. 21479, July 30,
1913.

66. Bulbophyllum profusum 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7 : 137.
This belongs to § Oxysepalum. B. myrianthum Schltr. from Cel-
ebes is a near ally of this species.

Leyte, Basman, Luzon, PaLawan, Srpuyan, Minpanao.
Also Guam.

67. Bulbophyllum (§ Cirrhopetalum) puguahaanense sp. nov.
Pseudobulbi conferti, tetragoni, in sicco rugosi, pyriformes, 15—
21 mm. longi, superne fastigati, monophylli. Folium coriaceum,
erectum, vix petiolatum, oblongi-ellipticum, ad apicem leviter bi-
lobatum, 3.5—4.5 cm. longum, circiter 1.5 cm. latum, in sicco ner-
vosum. Scapus foliis brevior, a basi pseudobulbi ortus, biflorus,
infra flores bibracteatus, bracteis approximatis, subimbricantibus,
4 mm. longis. Pedicellus cum ovario 7-8 mm. longus, gracilis,
sepe fractiflexus. Flores circiter 1 em. longi, membranacei. Sepala
lateralia leviter coherentia vel libera usque ad pedem columne,
oblonga, acuta, ad basim leviter coneaviuscula, mentum brevem
formantia, 1 cm. longa, circiter 2.5 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale
4 mm. longum, cum mucro ad apicem, concaviusculum vel
cucullatum. Petala oblonga, ad apicem rotundata, mucronata,
uninervia, vix 2 mm. longa, circiter 1 mm. lata. Labellum carno-
sum, lingulatum, valde arcuatam, obtusum, vix 3 mm. longum

[ 185 ]

ORCHIDACEA

(flavidum ?), ecallosum. Gynostemium brevissimum androclin-
ium non satis denticulatum.

The lateral sepals are hardly coherent indried flowers. In all the
specimens examined the inflorescence is two-flowered. Bulbo-
phyllum puguahaanense is the smallest of the species referable to
§ Cirrhopetalum heretofore reported from the Philippine Islands.

Leyte, Dagami, Puguahaan, C. 4. Wenzel 0128, May 17, 1913. On trees
at medium height, 120 meters above sea level. Flower pink, yellow, and
white.

68. Bulbophyllum Ramosii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7 : 25.

Luzon.

69. Bulbophyllum Reilloi Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 431.

Luzon.

70. Bulbophyllum Santosu sp.nov. Rhizoma longe repens, usque
ad 5 mm. in crassitudine. Pseudobulbi distantes, circiter 5 cm.
inter se, pyriformes, in sicco rugosi, + 1.5 cm. longi, monophylli.
Folium oblongi-ligulatum, coriaceum, breviter petiolatum, + 8
cm. longum, + 1.5 cm. latum, acutum. Scapus a basi pseudobulbi
ortus, foliis brevior, ad basim bracteatus, 2—4 florus. Flores cir-
citer 2 cm. longi. Bractez flores subtendentes infundibuliformes,
usque ad 1.5 cm. long, glabree. Sepala lateralia late ovata, glabra,
acuta, 1.3 cm. longa, vix 1 cm. lata ad medium. Sepalum dorsale
oblongi-ellipticum, acutum, 1.5 em. longum, circiter 5mm. latum.
Petala anguste elliptica, circiter 1.4 cm. longa, circiter 5 mm.
lata, glabra. Labellum 8 mm. longum, incrassatum carnosum,
crescentiforme a latere visum. Gynostemium breve; pes circiter
8 mm. longus.

Bulbophyllum Santosi is not unlike B. Wenzeclii Ames in gen-
eral appearance, but very different from it in the inflorescence

and in the color of the flowers. B. woliuwm Ames is a near relative
[ 186 ]

ORCHIDACE#

of B. Santosi, but is larger. The flowers of B. Santosit were de-
scribed by the collector as white. In dried specimens the wrinkled
pseudobulbs are gamboge yellow.
Luzon, Province of Camarines, Mount Iriga, #’. Santos s. n. December,
1913.

71. Bulbophyllum sapphirinum sp. nov. Herba epiphytica.
Pseudobulbi approximati, fusiformes, teretes, monophylli, erecti
vel ascendentes, + 8 mm. longi, in sicco circiter 2 mm. in diame-
tro. Folium oblongum, ad basim apicemque fastigatum, valde
acutum, coriaceum, breviter petiolatum, usque ad 6 cm. longum,
circiter 6.5 mm. latum, quam pedunculi multo longius. Pedun-
culi erecti, usque ad 2 cm. alti, graciles, filiformes, uniflori, pauci-
bracteati, bracteis tubularibus prope basim confertis. Bractea sub
florem infundibuliformis, apiculata, vix 1 mm. longa. Flores
5-6 mm. longi, bicolores. Petala et labellum purpureum. Sepala
lateralia falcata, oblongi-triangularia, acuminata, acuta, trinervia,
mentum brevem formantia, + 6 mm. longa, ad basim vix 2 mm.
lata. Sepalum dorsale lanceolatum, acutum, trinervium, circiter
6 mm. longum, supra basim vix 2 mm. latum. Petala lanceolata,
valde acuta, 4.5 mm. longa, circiter 1.5 mm. lata. Labellum lin-
gulatum, crassum, 4mm. longum, obtusum, explanatum lanceo-
latum, quinquenervium. Gynostemium antice ad apicem bicus-
pidatum.

In dried specimens the sepals are yellowish tinged with pink,
the petals indigo, with maculations of a deeper color; the label-
lum is colored like the petals.

Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 0125, May 20, 1913. On trees at great
height, 60 meters above sea level, in forest foothills. Flower purple and
flesh-color; Wenzel 092, May 14, 1913; Wenzel 0136, June 5, 1913.

72. Bulbophyllum saurocephalum Feichb. f- in Gard. Chron.

(1886) 2: 262. R.A. Rolfe in Orch. Rev. 11:190; 13: 244. “It
[ 187 ]

ORCHIDACEA

combines as some Bulbophyllums do, the common habit of a
Bulbophyllum with a curious thick light red rhachis,” ete. ‘‘ Ex in-
sulis Philippinis dicitur.” Reichb. f. 2 c. Rolfe wrote of this spe-
cies: “B. saurocephalum Reichb. f. is a Philippine species which
appeared in 1886.” I have not seen any material among the col-
lections made for the Bureau of Science.

73. Bulbophyllum (§Monanthaparva) sensile sp. nov. Radices
fibratee, elongate. Rhizoma repens. Pseudobulbi conferti conico-
ceylindracei, subtiliter rugosi, erecti, unifoliati, 5-10 mm. longi,
in sicco circiter 4 mm. in diametro. Folium erectum oblongi-
lanceolatum, aliquando ellipticum, obtusum, leviter et inaequal-
iter bilobum, ad basim fastigatum, vix petiolatum, 12-21 mm.
longum, circiter 4mm. latum, scapo multo brevius. Scapus elon-
gatus, pergracilis, subcapillaceus, inter basim et bracteam floris
nudus, 4-7 cm. longus, flexuosus, uniflorus. Bractea infra florem
oblique infundibuliformis, circiter 1 mm. longa. Pedicellus gra-
cilis, cum ovario 5-12 mm. longus, glaber. Sepalalateralia oblonga,
acuta, trinervia, mentum obtusum 2 mm. longum formantia,
usque ad 7 mm. longa, ad basim circiter 2.5 mm. lata. Sepalum
dorsale lanceolatum, trinervium, acutum, 8 mm. longum, circiter
2.5 mm. latum, ad basim concaviusculum. Petala sepalis multo
breviora, circiter 3 mm. longa, + 1 mm. lata, uninervia, spathu-
lata, ad apicem rotundata. Labellum trilobatum, 4 mm. longum;
lobi laterales auriculati, rotundati, basi labelli usque ad apicem
utriusque lobi 2 mm.; lobus medius lanceolatus, obtusus, cras-
sus, quinquenervius, 2.5 mm. longus, prope basim 1.5 mm. latus.
Columna brevis ad apicem longe bicuspidata.

This species resembles in general aspect Bulbophyllum chrys-
eum Kranzl., from which it differs in the crowded pseudobulbs,
smaller, much narrower leaves, and in the conspicuously three-

[ 188 ]

ORCHIDACEAE

lobed labellum. From dried specimens the flowers appear to have
been tinged with violet, the sepals becoming yellowish at the tip.
In no. 1134 the sepals and petals are distinctly veined longitudi-
nally with violet or purple. The lateral lobes of the labellum are
purple, the middle lobe yellowish.
Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Bauco, Father M. Vanoverbergh 2516,
April 4, 1913. Flower violet and green. Altitude 1700 meters above sea
level; Vanoverbergh 1134, February to March, 1911. Altitude 1600
meters above sea level. Flower yellow with violet stripes, labellum violet.
74. Bulbophyllum sibuyanense Ames in Elmer's Leaflets of
Phil. Bot. 5 : 1587.

SIBUYAN.

75. Bulbophyllum (§ Racemose) simulacrum sp. nov. Aff. B. Ra-
mosio. Rhizoma repens, circiter 2 mm. in diametro. Radices fibra-
tae, glabree. Pseudobulbi nulli vel subobsoleti. Folium erectum,
6.5-7.9 cm. longum, 10-13 mm. latum, coriaceum, rigidum, peti-
olatum, oblongum, utrinque attenuatum, obtusum, ad apicem
integerrimum, costa media supra sulcata, subtus carinata. Scapus
erectus, 7-8 cm. longus, circiter 10-florus, infra racemum bracte-
atus, bracteis tribus, vaginatis, laxis, prope apicem dilatatis, 7-8
mm. longis, oblique truncatis. Racemus +3 cm. longus, laxiflorus,
floribus circiter 83mm. distantibus. Bractez inflorescentie lanceo-
late, acute, circiter 4 mm. longz. Sepala lateralia triangulari-
lanceolata, 5 mm. longa, ad basim circiter 3 mm. lata, mentum
obtusum 2 mm. longum formantia,ad apicem brevissime caudata,
glabra. Sepalum dorsale oblongum, acutum, ad apicem brevis-
sime caudatum, ad basim concavum, 5 mm. longum, glabrum.
Petala 3 mm. longa, vix 1 mm. lata, supra medium subito con-
tracta, minute glandulosa, prope apicem leviter incrassata. La-
bellum lingulatum, acutum, trilobatum, lobi laterales erecti,
rotundati, glabri, 2 mm. longi, 1 mm. alti, late crescentiformes;

[ 189 ]

ORCHIDACEA

lobus medius ovato lanceolatus, subacutus, trinerviis, ad mar-
ginem glanduloso-pubescens, 2 mm. longus, 1.5 mm. latus. To-
tum labellum 3.5 mm. longum, ad basim bicallosum. Gynoste-
mium breve, antice, utroque, breviter triangulari-cuspidatum.
Pes gynostemii valde curvatus, ad apicem leviter dilatatus. An-

thera glabra.

In habit Bulbophyllum simulacrumresembles B. Ramosu Ames
very closely. The flowers of B. simulacrum are distinguished by
the very short caudate tips of the lateral sepals (.5 mm. long).
The pseudobulbs are represented by cylindrical projections from
the rhizome as in B. adenopetalum and its allies.

Leyte, Jaro, C..4. Wenzel 0268, February 11, 1914. Epiphyte in forest.
Altitude 750 meters.
76. Bulbophyllum stellatum A mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7: 141.

Luzon.

77. Bulbophyllum (§Cirrhopetalum) stramineum sp. nov. Rhi-
zoma repens. Radices fibrate, elongata. Pseudobulbi tetragoni,
in sicco flavidi, oblique ascendentes, 1.5—2 cm. longi, pyriformes,
superne fastigati, ad basim circiter 1 cm. in diametro, in sicco
nitidi, monophylli, ad apicem tetragoni. Folium coriaceum, ob-
longi-ellipticum, ad apicem rotundatum, usque ad petiolum sul-
catum brevem subtiliter attenuatum, 8 cm. longum (rarissime
usque ad 14 em. longum), 2.5 cm. latum, in sicco sepe flavidum.
Petiolus 1-1.5 em. longus, rigidus. Scapus pauci-bracteatus,
erectus, gracilis, glaber, folia excedens, 1.5 cm. longus. Flores
straminei, in racemo in umbellam contracto. Bractez inflorescen-
tie lineari-lanceolate, acute, circiter 4 mm. longe, confertz, pedi-
cellis breviores. Pedicelli circiter 5 mm. longi, graciles. Sepala lat-
eralia pene ad apicem coherentia, prope basim libera, laminam
anguste ellipticam, 3-3.5 cm. longam, 5-8 mm. latam, forman-

[ 190 ]

ORCHIDACEA

tia. Sepalum dorsale valde concavum, in caudam filiformem con-
tractum, totum sepalum cum cauda usque ad 8 mm. longum,
margine longe hirsuto, extus vix puberulum, infra caudam con-
cavo-ovatum. Petala lineari-triangularia, circiter 5 mm. longa,
margine pubescente flavido et hirsuto, ad apicem in caudam seti-
formem, elongatam, producta. Labellum linguiforme, inzequali-
ter crescentiforme a latere visum, carnosum, obtusum, glabrum,
circiter 8 mm. longum. Gynostemium 1.5 mm. longum, in pedem
2 mm. longum productum, antice bialatum alis utrinque in
lobum obtusum productis. Anthera integerrima.

Except for the color of the flowers, similar to Bulbophyllum
Cumingii. The arms of the column are very short, hyaline, and in
dried specimens membranaceous, and very obtuse. The hairs on
the upper sepal attain a length of 2 mm. The elongated seti-
form tips of the upper sepal, which is about 2 mm. long with sev-
eral hairs originating from it, suggests B. trisetum, but from that
species the details of the column easily separate B. stramineum.

Patawan, Lake Manguao, E. D. Merrill 9567, May, 1913. Epiphytic on
mangrove trees and on dry forest slopes up to 500 meters. Flowers deep
straw yellow.

78. Bulbophyllum Toppingii 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 432.
Luzon.

79. Bulbophyllum trisetum Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7 : 142.
Luzon.

80. Bulbophyllum vagans Ames & Rolfe in Ames OrcHIDA-
CEH 2:210.
Luzon, Minpanao, Minporo (var. linearifolium).
81. Bulbophyllum Vanoverberghii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci.
7 21383.
Luzon.

[ 191 ]

ORCHIDACEA
82. Bulbophyllum Weberi Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7: 142.

Luzon.

83. Bulbophyllum Wenzelii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 432.

LEYTE.

84. Bulbophyllum Whitfordii Rolfe ex Ames in Ames Or-
CHIDACE 1: 100.

Minpanao, Busuanea, Luzon.

85. Bulbophyllum zambalense Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7:
134.

Luzon.

86. Bulbophyllum zamboangense Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci.
8 3433.

MINDANAO.

66. OCTARRHENA Thw.
Octarrhena is separated from Phreatia by the structure of the
gynostemium. In Phreatia the gynostemium is produced into a
distinct foot. In Octarrhena the foot is obsolete.
1. Octarrhena Amesiana Schltr. in Fedde Rep. 9: 489. Phrea-
tia parvula Ames not Benth. ex Hook. f.
MinDANnao.
2. Octarrhena caulescens Ames comb. nov. Phreatia caulescens
Ames ORCHIDACE 2 : 200.
Luzon.
3. Octarrhena Elmeri comb. nov. Phreatia Elmeri Ames in El-
mer’s Leaflets of Phil. Bot. 5:1581.
Luzon, Mindanao.
4. Octarrhena ensifolia Schltr. in Fedde Rep. 9 : 217. Phreatia

ensifolia Ames ORCHIDACE 2 : 200.

Minpanao, Necros, Luzon.

[ 192 ]

ORCHIDACE/H

5. Octarrhena gemmifera sp. nov. Herba epiphytica, minutis-
sima, caulescens. Caules 1-3 em. alti, superne complanati, vaginis
foliorum obtecti, conferti, ad basim radicantes. Folia disticha,
valde linearia, prope caulem articulata, vaginis imbricatis, lamina
1-2.5 cm. longa, circiter 1 mm. lata, coriacea, in sicco viridis,
ascendens, patens, leviter curvata, acuta. Vagine 2 mm. longe,
superne dilatate, complanate. Pedunculi ascendentes, folia
zequantes vel breviores, axillares, 1.5-2 cm. longi, sepe fractiflexi,
infra racemum bracteis scariosis, infundibuliformibus, superne
oblique truncatis acutis, circiter 2mm. longis. Racemus usque ad
1.5 cm. longus, laxiflorus. Bractez inflorescentiz flores subten-
dentes rhachidem amplectentes, cordato-ovatez, acuminate, acu-
ta, flores equantes, vix 2 mm. longe. Pedicelli abbreviati circiter
.5 mm. longi, quam bractea subtendens breviores. Ovarium 1 mm.
longum. Flores minuti, globosi, 1-1.25mm. longi. Sepala lateralia
triangulari-ovata, acuta, 1 mm. longa, ad basim circiter 1 mm.
lata. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala minuta, ad apicem rotundata,
breviter spathulata, quam sepala multo minora, circiter .5 mm.
longa. Labellum ellipticum, obtusum, vix unguiculatum, circiter
.75 mm. longum,.5 mm. latum, leviter convexum. Gynostemium
brevissimum apodum. Pollinia 8.

In habit Octarrhena gemmifera resembles Phreatia luzoniensis
Rolfe more closely than any other Philippine species. The bracts
of the inflorescence, however, are serviceable for purposes of
separation. In P. luzoniensis the bracts are lanceolate and hardly
embrace the pedicels of the flowers, whereas in O. gemmifera the
bracts not only enclose the pedicels but embrace the rhachis of
the inflorescence. Among the specimens examined, the plants in
flower hardly exceeded 2cm. in height. Plants with fruit or flower-
less racemes measured 8 em. in height. Octarrhena Amesiana is a

[ 193 ]

ORCHIDACE

larger, more robust species. The caulescent habit, footless col-
umn, and general aspect suggest Octarrhena. Although through
its caulescent habit quite distinct from them, O. gemmifera re-
sembles Phreatia secunda Lindl. and P. brachystachys Schltr.
It is among the smallest species of either Octarrhena or Phrea-
tia, and much smaller than any of the specimens of P. secunda or
P. brachystachys 1 have examined.

Leyte, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0293, March 8, 1914. Epiphyte in forest. Alti-
tude 500 meters. Sepals and petals flesh-color (pinkish). Labellum purple.

67. THELASIS Bi.

Five Philippine species have been recognized. Thelasis is made
up of two distinct sections, Kuphroboscis and Oxyanthera, which
are separated by vegetative characters. §Euphroboscis includes
those species which have a conspicuous pseudobulb and a fleshy
leaf. §Oxyanthera has a flattened pseudobulbous stem which is
concealed by the equitant spreading leaves. Dr. Schlechter up-
holds §Oxyanthera as a distinct genus. Twenty or more species
of Thelasis have been described.

1. Thelasis (§ Euphroboscis) capitata Bl. Bijdr. 386.

Mrnporo.

2. Thelasis (§ Oxyanthera) carinata Bl. Bijdr. 386.

Minporo, Camicuin, Minpanao, Leyte, Basttan, Necros, Luzon,
Baranes IsLanps.

8. Thelasis (§ Euphroboscis) elongata Bl. Orch. Arch. Ind. 23,
thy fig.i2,.t..5, f
Minpanao, Leyte, Potitio, Sui.
4. Thelasis ({ Oxyanthera) micrantha J. J. Smith Orch. Jav.
495.

Leyte, Luzon, Minpanao.

5. Thelasis (§ Euphroboscis) obtusa B/. Bijdr. 386.
[ 194 ]

ORCHIDACEA
68. PHREATIA Lindl.
Thirteen species have been reported from the Philippines.
1. Phreatia Amesii Krdnzl. in Das Pflanzenreich Thelasinz
16. P. myosurus Ames not Forst. fide Kranz.
Luzon, NEcRos.
2. Phreatia aristulifera Ames ORCHIDACEH 2 :199.
Luzon.
3. Phreatia densiflora Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 64.
Luzon.
4, Phreatia infundibuliformis 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7 : 20.
MINDANAO.
5. Phreatia luzoniensis Rolfe ex Ames in Ames ORCHIDACEE
196.
Minpanao, Luzon, Leyte, Nrcros.
6. Phreatia Mearnsii 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7 : 21.

Minpanao, Luzon.
7. Phreatia minutiflora Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 3 : 62.

8. Phreatia negrosiana Ames in Elmer's Leaflets of Phil. Bot.
De LosZ.
NEGRos.
9. Phreatia prorepens Reichb. f. Otia bot. Hamb. 54.
Luzon, Minpanao, Lreyrr, Necros, Minporo.
10. Phreatia Ramosii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 7 : 22.
Luzon.
11. Phreatia suleata J. J. Smith Orch. Jav. 505. P. bracteata
Ames not Schitr.
Luzon, Minpanao, Basttan, Minporo.
12. Phreatia Vanoverberghii Ames in Phil. Journ Sci. 7 : 22.

Luzon.

[ 195 ]

ORCHIDACEA

13. Phreatia Wenzelii sp. nov. Herba epiphytica + 23 em. alta.
Pseudobulbi pyriformes, rugosi, circiter 1 em. longi, +6 mm. in
diametro, diphylli. Folia coriacea, usque ad 7 cm. longa, circiter
lem. lata, ad apicem inzequaliter bilobata, petiolata. Scapi a basi
pseudobulbi orti, folia multo excedentes, 2.4 dm. longi, bracteati,
cum bracteis sex tubularibus infra racemum. Flores minuti, puni-
cei, in racemo elongato dispositi. Racemus +1 dm. longus, gra-
cilis. Bracteze flores subtendentes lanceolata, acuminate, valde
acute, quam pedicellus cum ovario longiores, usque ad 5 mm.
longee, subrigidz, vix cymbiformes, patentes. Pedicellus cum
ovario circiter 3 mm. longus. Sepala lateralia ovata, acuta, uni-
nervia, 1.75-2 mm. longa, infra medium vix 1.5 mm. lata, men-
tum obtusum, brevem, formantia. Sepalum dorsale ellipticum, ob-
tusum, circiter 1.75 mm. longum, quam sepala lateralia angustius.
Petala suborbicularia, obtusa, circiter 1.5 mm. longa, 1 mm. lata,
valde membranacea. Labellum unguiculatum ad basim concavi-
usculum vel sulcatum; lamina suborbicularis, 1.25 mm. lata, cir-
citer 1 mm. longa, valde obtusa, ad basim prope unguem trun-
cata. Unguis curvatus, circiter .5 mm. longa. Gynostemium bre-
vissimum, antice ad apicem bifidum.

Phreatia Wenzeli belongs to § Thelasiformes, and among Phil-
ippine species is most closely related to Phreatia sulcata J. J.
Smith. From the single specimen which constitutes the type the
pseudobulbs appear to be diphyllous.
Leyte, Ormoc, Masaganet, C. 4. Wenzel 089, April 13,1913. On trees
in mountain forest, 1000 meters above sea level. Flower flesh-color and
white.

69. ACRIOPSIS Reinw.

This is a small genus of about ten species found in Java, Sumatra,

Borneo, Celebes, New Guinea, Singapore, and 'Tenasserim.

[ 196 ]

ORCHIDACE

1. Acriopsis javanica Reinw. Flora Lit. 2 : 4. A. philippinensis
Ames ORCHIDACE 2 : 215.

MInpDanao.

70.. THECOSTELE Reichb. f.
One species has been discovered in the Philippines.

1. Thecostele alata Par. & Reichb. f. in ‘Trans. Linn. Soc. 30 :
144, t. 29. T. Elmeri Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 484. The char-
acters on which I relied in describing 7. Hlmeri have proved
inconsequential. 7. alata has been reported from Java, Borneo,
etc. In the Orchid Review (20 : 237) an interesting account of
Thecostele is given by R. A. Rolfe.

Patawan, LEYTF.

71. GRAMMATOPHYLLUM BI.
The extent of the synonymy in comparison with the number of
species is surely an indication that variation is characteristic of
Grammatophyllum. Four or more species have been ascribed to
the Philippines, but only three of these are known to me. They
appear to be quite distinct. Grammatophyllum Measuresianum
has been referred to the synonymy of G. Fenzlanum Reichb. f.,
and G. Fenzlianum has been referred to the synonymy of G.
scriptum Bl. In Die Orchideen von Ambon J. J. Smith sug-
gested that perhaps G. scriptum and G. multiflorum are forms
of the same species. It is not unlikely that G. Measurestanum, as
Sir Joseph Hooker suspected, is merely a garden form of G.
Fenzhanum. G. Fenzlianum is a near ally of G. Rumphianum.
J. J. Smith has referred both to the synonymy of G. scriptwm in
Die Orchideen von Ambon.

1. Grammatophyllum Measuresianum Weathers in Gard. &
For. 2: 524.

Lumsucan, Minporo, PaLtawan.

[ 197 ]

ORCHIDACEAZ

2. Grammatophyllum multiflorum Lindi. in Bot. Reg. (1838)
Mise. p. 46 and (1839) t. 65. |

Leyte, Patawan, Mrnporo, Luzon.

3. Grammatophyllum speciosum Bl. Biydr. 378. I have not
seen a specimen from the Philippines. Probably this and the next
are conspecific.

4. Grammatophyllum Wallisii Reichb. f. in Linnea 41 : 107.
“Aff. Gr. gigantea Bl. et G. macrantho Reichb. f. sepalis cune-
ato oblongis margine minute nunc lobulatis, tepalis subzequali-
bus nunc latioribus, omnibus apice attenuato obtusatis, labello
altius adnato a basi anteunguiculari cordato, expanso, laciniis
lateralibus triangulis erectis, ubi arte expansis divaricatis, lacinia
mediana triangula porrecta, carinis crassis ternis in disco, super-
ficie cingente pilosula.

«Planta gigantea. Flores illis specierum dictarum zquimagni,
sicci pallide brunnei maculis intus multis nigris. Quantum me-
mini dom. Wallis dixit, flores esse albidos, olivaceo guttatos.
Manilla.” Reichb. f. Z. c.

A specimen in fruit described by the collector as a gigantic
orchid is the only material in the Bureau of Science Herbarium
referable to this species. I submitted the specimen in question to
Sir David Prain, who kindly reported as follows: “The fruiting
specimen received for determination is a Grammatophyllum, and
is believed to be G. Wallisu Reichb. f. in Linnea, 41 : 107. This
species was described from dried specimens collected at ‘Manilla’
by Wallis, and to it a flowering specimen collected by Loher at
Tayabas in June, 1904, has been referred. The fruiting specimen
agrees quite well with this so far as comparison is possible.”

Grammatophyllum Wallis is known to me only from the
original description and the fruiting specimen in the Bureau of

[ 198 ]

ORCHIDACE

Science Herbarium. The two species which Reichenbach cited
as near allies, G. macranthum and G. giganteum, are conspecific
with G. speciosum Bl.

Luzon, Province of Nueva Ecija, R. J. Alvarez For. Bur. 22174, Decem-
ber 9, 1911. In fruit.

72. DIPODIUM R&R. Br.
About eleven species are recognized. Only one representative
of the genus is a native of the Philippines. The flowers of all the
species are strikingly similar in construction, and identification
of specimens is extremely difficult in the absence of authentic
material for comparison.

1. Dipodium paludosum Reichb. f: Xen. Orch. 2:15. I have
seen specimens from Leyte which surely belong to this species.

Leyte, Wenzel 0198, 0400, 0418, May 12, 1914. Roots in soil, a climber
on low trees in forest, 500 meters above sea level. Sepals and petals brown
and yellow. Labellum brown, yellow, and white. Minpanao, Srpvyan.

Also Borneo.

73. CYMBIDIUM Sw.
Two species from the Philippines are known to me.

1. Cymbidium atropurpureum R&R. 4. Rolfe in Orch. Rev. 11:
190.

Leyte, Luzon, Mrypanao.

2. Cymbidium Finlaysonianum Lindl. Wall. Cat. no. 7358.

Luzon, Minpanao, PaLtawan, Powitio, Bono.

74. CHAMAANTHUS Schitr.
This is a small genus with one representative in the Philippines.
Five species are now known from Java and New Guinea. Cha-
meeanthus Wenzeli is the sixth species to be described. The genus
Chameeanthus has not heretofore been ascribed to the Philippine
Islands.

[ 199 ]

ORCHIDACEA

1. Chameanthus Wenzelii sp. nov. Planta parvula, epiphytica.
Radices fibratz, elongate. Caules abbreviati, circiter 2 cm. longi,
+10-foliati. Folia disticha, linearia, ad basim apicemque fastigata,
2-10 cm. longa, 3-5 mm. lata, leviter falcata, oblique bilobata,
acuta, in longitudinem manifeste uninervia, curvata. Pedunculi
axillares, foliis multo breviores, ascendentes, graciles, glabri,
infra racemum pauci-bracteati, 2-4 cm. longi. Bractez oblique in-
fundibuliformes, acutz. Racemi breves, usque ad 1 cm. longi, axi
incrassato. (Racemi sub anthesi grandescunt.) Bracteze inflores-
centiz lineari-lanceolata, longe acute, leviter carinatz, circiter
3 mm. longe, confertz,ad basimdecurrentes. Flores in sicco flaves-
centes, duo vel tres in eodem tempore aperti, in numero + viginti,
erecti. Pedicello curvato. Sepala petalaque vix patentia. Sepala
lateralia lineari-lanceolata, longe acuminata, extus carinata, ad
apicem subcaudata, acuta, 5 mm. longa, ad basim circiter 1 mm.
lata, membranacea. Sepalum dorsale simile, concavum, 5 mm.
longum. Petala sepalis lateralibus minora, lanceolata, longe acu-
minata ad apicem breviter conduplicata, leviter carinata, 4 mm.
longa, prope basim circiter 1 mm. lata. Labellum mobile, triloba-
tum, ecalcaratum. Lobi laterales indistincte producti, erecti, valde
membranacei, rotundati, in margine indistincte denticulati ; lobus
medius valde incrassatus, triangularis, acutus, vix 1 mm. longus.
Totum labellum circiter 2 mm. longum, valde carinatum. Gyno-
stemium breve. Pes gynostemii 1 mm. longus.

The material which I have referred to the genus Chamzanthus
Schitr., and for which I propose the name Chamceanthus Wenzeli,
came to me mingled with other specimens which Mr. C. A. Wen-
zel gathered on the island of Leyte, at Dagami, sixty meters above
sea level, on March 8, 1913. This material agrees so well in its
generic characters with Chamzanthus that I feel no uncertainty

[ 200 ]

ORCHIDACE

regarding it. From C. brachystachysSchltr., with which it is closely
allied, it differs chiefly in habit. The flowers of the two species are
somewhat similar. There are differences in the labellum.

Leyte, C. A. Wenzel 0110 A, March 8, 1913.

75. THARIXSPERMUM Lour.

Eleven species, all but two of which are endemic, have been found
natives of the Philippine Islands. The flowers are produced one
or two at a time and are of brief duration.

1. Thrixspermum acuminatissimum Feichb. f. Xen. Orch. 2 :
121. T. notabile Fid/. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 32 : 379. Dendrocolla
acuminatissima /. Bijdr. 288. Aérides acuminatissimum Lindl.
Gen. & Sp. Orch. 240. Sarcochilus acuminatissimus Reichb. f: in
Walp. Ann. 6: 498. S. notabilis Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 6 : 42;
Ic. Pl. t. 2126. I refer to this species several specimens from the
island of Leyte and one from Laguna Province, Luzon, which
agree satisfactorily with the material of 7°. acwminatissimum that
I have examined.

Leyte, Dagami, C. 4. Wenzel 0101, May 27, 1913. On trees at medium
height, forested foothills, 60 meters above sea level. Height of plant 12
em. Flower white, yellow, and brown. From dried material the flowers
appear to have been yellowish or whitish when fresh, with small but con-
spicuous brownish spots on the labellum. Luzon, Laguna Province, Juan
Reillo 56, July 1, 1912; San Antonio, Laguna Province, M. Ramos Bur.
Sci. 16560, September to October, 1912 (specimen in fruit, no flowers).
Ramos Bur. Sci. 20447, February, 1913; Ramos Bur. Sci. 20455, Feb-
ruary, 1913.

2. Thrixspermum (§ Dendrocolla) agusanense sp. nov. Caules
elongati, dense foliosi, rigidi, foliis approximatis. Folia oblonga,
ad basim fastigata, ad apicem inequaliter et obtuse biloba, brevi-
ter mucronata + 5 cm. longa, circiter 1.5 cm. lata, valde coriacea,
in sicco rugosa, oblique ascendentia, inter se 5 mm. distantia, va-
ginis persistentibus caulem obtegentibus. Pedunculus valde elon-

[ 201 ]

ORCHIDACE

gatus, foliis multo longior, gracilis, flexuosus, ad 3 dm. longus,
infra racemum pauci-bracteatus. Bractez inflorescentia rigid,
triangulares, imbricatz, oblique ascendentes, valde acute, con-
geste, circiter 4mm. long. Racemus usque ad 2 cm. longus. Flo-
res succedanei. Pedicellus cum ovario bracteis longior, circiter 8
mm. longus, gracilis. Sepala lateralia membranacea, lanceolata, ad
basim unguiculata, 7 mm. longa, 3.5 mm. lata, unguis oblongus.
Sepalum dorsale simile, sed angustius, 7 mm. longum, circiter
2.5 mm. latum. Petala membranacea, spathulata, subacuta, prope
basim attenuata, 6.5 mm. longa, circiter 2 mm. lata. Labellum
saccatum, trilobatum, lobi laterales oblongi, obtusi, circiter 2 mm.
longi, 1.5 mm. lati (porrecti?); lobus medius quam lobi laterales
multo major, triangularis, obtusus, 2 mm. longus, circiter 5 mm.
latus. Margo labelli antice fimbriatus, callus subcrescentiformis
in disco prope basim lobi medi. Saccus vix 3 mm. longus, valde
obtusus. Gynostemium circiter 2 mm. longum.

Thrixspermum agusanense resembles somewhat closely 7’. par-

dale (Ridl.) Schltr., but is very distinct from that species in detail.

Mrinpanao, Province of Agusan, C. M. Weber 147, June 20, 1911. Epi-

phyte on shrubs along the Agusan River, 15 meters above sea level.
Flowers white with slight tinge of purple.

8. Thrixspermum amplexicaule Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. 2 : 121.

Luzon, Minpanao.

4. Thrixspermum bicristatum sp. nov. Herba epiphytica usque
ad 1 dm. alta. Caulis + 6 cm. longus. Folia disticha, anguste ob-
longa, valde coriacea, 4.5 cm. longa, + 5mm. lata. Vagine foliorum
caulem obtecte, persistentes, laxe adpressz, + 1 cm. longe, rigid.
Pedunculi glabri, graciles, suberecti, foliaexcedentes, cum racemo
usque ad 6 cm. longi, pauci-bracteati, bracteis tubularibus arcte
adpressis. Racemus + 1 cm. longus, dense bracteatus. Bractezx

[ 202 ]

ORCHIDACEA

inflorescentiz carnose, imbricate, triangule, acuminate, valde
acute, + 3 mm. longe. Pedicellus cum ovario bracteis longior,
circiter 4 mm. longus. Flores succedanei, albidi et flavidi, labello
purpureo. Sepala lateralia elliptica, obtusa, vix acuta, membrana-
cea, 4 mm. longa, + 2.5 mm. lata, mentum brevem formantia.
Sepalum dorsale simile, usque ad basim leviter fastigatum. Petala
anguste elliptica, vix acuta, circiter 3.5 mm. longa, 2 mm. lata.
Labellum leviter concaviusculum, late subpanduriforme, in disco
utrinque supra medium callus papilliformis stat; ad apicem
utrinque crista comosa stat. Totum labellum 3 mm. longum, ad
basim 4.5 mm. latum, ad apicem 2.5 mm. latum. Gynostemium
1.5 mm. longum.

LeyreE, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 030, October 24, 1912. On small trees not far

above ground, 40 meters above sea level. Flower odorless, purple, white,

and yellow.

5. Thrixspermum (§ Orsidice) elongatum sp. nov. Caules elon-
gati, + 3 dm. longi, circiter 5 mm. in diametro, rigidi. Folia dis-
ticha, coriacea, ad apicem leviter bilobata, oblongi-elliptica, usque
ad 13 cm. longa, 2.5 cm. lata, ad basim apicemque leviter fasti-
gata, inter se 2-3 cm. distantia. Vagine foliorum arcte adpresse,
+ 2 cm. long, caulem obtectz, in sicco nervosee. Pedunculi cum
racemo folia aquantes vel excedentes, alati, usque ad 11 cm. longi.
Racemi 3-10 cm. longi. Bractez inflorescentiz distiche, valde
complanatz, subfalcatz, 5 mm. longe, circiter 2 mm. latz. Flores
majusculi, intervallis aperti, 3-5 cm. longi. Pedunculus cum ovario
circiter 1.5 cm. longus, gracilis. Sepala lateralia longe caudata,
3-5 cm. longa linearia ad basim triangularia, usque ad 3.5 mm.
lata. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala longe caudata. Labellum ad
basim leviter saccatum, trilobatum,+ 1 cm. longum, lobi later-
ales semi-ovati, circiter 2mm. longi, quam lobus medius multo
breviores; lobus medius porrectus, laterales multoties superans,

[ 203 ]

ORCHIDACE

triangulus, puberulus, ad apicem complanatus, circiter 5 mm.
longus. Discus puberulus prope medium ad basim lobi medii
callus bilobus vel sulcatus, incrassatus, puberulus, stat.

Apparently a near relative of Thrixspermum Raciborsku J. J.
Smith, and of 7. longicauda Ridl. which has smaller flowers and
a labellum without a median fleshy callus. The flowers usually
open singly throughout a long period of anthesis, the rhachis elon-
gating until the last flower appears. Each flower lasts only a day
or two. In several specimens examined three flowers were open
at one time on the odd bracteate rhachis, which in 7. elonga-
twm resembles in outline a slender plant of Oberonia anceps. The
stems appear to be scandent, and even near the tips stout whitish
roots burst through the leaf sheaths.

There are several species of § Orsidice which are very near this
one, but from the material I have studied differences exist which
to my mind indicate specific dissimilarity. The ephemeral nature
of the flowers of all these species is accountable for the fact that
in herbaria one rarely finds complete specimens.

To Thrixspermum elongatum specimens collected by C. A.
Wenzel in Leyte may be referred. Under the field number 095
Wenzel assembled many fragments of several plants. The leaves
of some of these fragments exceed 1.5 dm. in length, and the in-
florescence bears flowers that are about 5 cm. long. The conclu-
sion to be drawn from this material is, it seems to me, that
T. clongatum is a variable species.

In Petiver’s Gazophylacium, plate 1038, fig. 8, this species is
probably represented and was prepared from one of Camelli’s
specimens referred to in Ray’s Historia Plantarum.

Luzon, Laguna Province, Native Collector s.n. February, 1913. Lryre,
Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 095, February 18, 1913. On treesat medium height,
60 meters above sea level. Height of plant, 50 cm. Flower purple and

[ 204 ]

ORCHIDACE

yellow. (In dried specimens the sepals and petals are yellowish, the la-
bellum yellow tinged with purple on the lateral lobes.) Minpanao,
PaLawan, Po.iL1o.

6. Thrixspermum (§ Orsidice) hnearifolium sp.nov. Caules elon-
gati, graciles, circiter 3 mm. in diametro, flexuosi (scandentes?).
Folia linearia, + 8 cm. longa, circiter 3 mm. lata, coriacea, acuta,
approximata, inter se 4-10 mm. distantia, vaginis persistentibus
caulem obtegentibus. Pedunculi quam folia longiores, graciles,
pauci-bracteati, usque ad 1 dm. longi. Bractez inflorescentiz dis-
tiche, rigid, complanatz, subtriangulares, 83-4 mm. long. Ra-
cemus 1-7 cm. longus. Flores succedanei, sepala petalaque ecau-
data. Sepala lateralia elliptica, obtusa, 7-8 mm. longa, circiter
5 mm. lata, membranacea. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala mem-
branacea, inzequaliter obovata, valde obtusa, 7 mm. longa, cir-
citer 4 mm. lata, ad basim leviter cuneata. Labellum saccatum,
trilobatum, lobi laterales late falcati, vel semicrescentiformes, 2.5
mm. longi, 2 mm. lati, acuti (erecti?), membranacei; lobus me-
dius abbreviatus, carnosus, obtusus. Saccus obtusus, circiter 3mm.
longus, intus, in pariete antico, pubescens. Gynostemium bre-
vissimum.

The material on which the above species is based is not all
that one might wish for the preparation of a detailed description,
but is sufficiently characteristic to make the new species readily
distinguishable from all other members of the section Orsidice
known to be natives of the Philippines. The middle lobe of the
labellum is difficult to make out in dried specimens. On the front
wall of the sac there is a conspicuous mass of fine, delicate hairs
along the perpendicular median line.

Minpanao, Province of Misamis, Mount Malindang, Major E. A.
Mearns & W. I. Hutchinson For. Bur. 4734, May 25, 1906, 5700 feet
above sea level.

ORCHIDACE

7. Thrixspermum quinquelobum sp. nov. Radices fibratz, gla-
bre, elongata. Caules abbreviati, + 1 cm. longi, complanati, foli-
osi, circiter 5 mm. in diametro. Folia valde incrassata, carnosa, in
sicco rugosa, lineari-ligulata, anguste ensiformia, oblique ascen-
dentia, 3.5-10 em. longa, + 4 mm. lata. Pedunculi, infra race-
mum, graciles, sub-filiformes, circiter 8 cm. longi, uni-bibracteati,
bracteis triangulis, minutis. Racemus dense bracteatus, usque ad
1.5 cm. longus, bracteis rigidis, imbricantibus, patentibus, acutis,
2mm. longis. Flores albidi, succedanei, membranacei. Sepala lat-
eralia suborbicularia, obtusa, 4 mm. longa, vix 4 mm. lata. Se-
palum dorsale galeam formans, valde concavum. Petala elliptico-
ovata, membranacea, 3.5—4 mm. longa. Labellum unguiculatum,
leviter saccatum vel concavum, quinquelobum; lobi posteriores
quam lobi anteriores multo majores, falcato-lanceolati, 4 mm.
longi, circiter 1 mm. lati, acuminati, acuti; lobi laterales anteri-
ores triangulari-lanceolati, valde acuti, 3 mm. longi, prope me-
dium .5 mm. lati, membranacei; lobus medius triangulus, carno-
sus, vix 1 mm. longus, ad marginem comosus, capilli elongati, +1
mm. longi, extus dense pubescens. Discus pubescens. Gynoste-
mium + 3 mm. longum, in pedem membranaceum productum.

The labellum recalls that of Sarcochilus hirtulus Hook. f.
(Ic. Pl. 2121), but the posterior lobes are larger than the anterior
lateral lobes, the middle or terminal lobe is densely long hairy
on the margin, as in Dendrobium scopa Lindl., and in place of
a distinct sac there is merely a depression of the disc. The habit
is also suggested by Sarcochilus hirtulus, but in Thrixspermum
quinquelobum the leaves are narrower, usually conduplicate (in
dried specimens), and the bracts recall those of the raceme of
T. pardale Schitr.

Luzon, Laguna Province, San Antonio, M. Ramos Bur. Sci. 16562, Sep-
tember 22, 1912. On tree in forest.
[ 206 ]

ORCHIDACEA

8. Thrixspermum Robinson sp. nov. Aff. T. Vanoverberghio.
Radices fibratee, verrucose, elongate. Caules usque ad 2.5 cm.
longi, complanati, foliosi. Folia disticha, non conferta, valde cori-
acea, carnosa, in sicco profunde rugosa, 2.5—3.5 cm. longa, 6 mm.
lata, ad apicem inezqualiter biloba, ad marginem denticulata,
oblongi-lanceolata, vaginis persistentibus caulem obtegentibus.
Bases foliorum circiter 6 mm. longi. Pedunculi graciles, pauci-
bracteati, glabri, usque ad 8 cm. longi. Rhachis inflorescentiz,
incrassatus, bracteis imbricantibus, confertis, triangulari-cymbi-
formibus, rigidis, acutis, patentibus, circiter 2 mm. longis. Flores
succedanei, membranaceze. Pedicellus cum ovario usque ad 5mm.
longus, gracilis, bracteis multo longior. Sepala lateralia inzequali-
ter ovata, 5.5 mm. longa, 4 mm. lata, obtusa. Sepalum dorsale
elliptico-lanceolatum, subacutum, 6 mm. longum, 4 mm. latum.
Petala simile, 5.5 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata. Labellum breviter
unguiculatum, leviter saccatum, a basi trilobatum, lobis zqualis,
rotundatis, semi-orbicularibus, sacco obtuso, rotundato, hemi-
spherico, antice ad marginem sacci calli duo, complanati, mem-
branacei, obtusi, erecti stant, prope medium callus pubescens.
Lobus medius labelli pubescens.

In the structure of the flower Thrixspermum Robinsonit is very
similar to 7. Vanoverberghi Ames. The vegetative characters,
however, are a simple means for distinction. In 7. V anoverberghu
the leaves appear to arise more or less from the same place and
ascend obliquely, whereas in 7. Robinsonw the leaves are dis-
tinctly distichous and spread horizontally. The structure of the
labellum in both species is similar. Whether or not the vegetative
distinctions are constant it is quite impossible to determine from
the material I have examined.

Luzon, Laguna Province, Mount Maquiling, C. B. Robinson Bur. Sci.
17096, December 7, 8, 1912. Altitude 900-1000 meters. Flower white

[ 207 ]

ORCHIDACEA

or with very pale purple tinge. Labellum with purple lines inside.
Neeros, Canlaon Volcano, EL. D. Merrill 7012, April, 1910. Epiphyte.
Altitude 5000 feet. Camicuin DE Minpanao, M. Ramos Bur. Sci. 14417,
April 20, 1912. Flower violet pink. Leyre.

9. Thrixspermum (§ Orsidice) rostratum sp. nov. Herba epi-
phytica, scandens. Folia valde ligulata, coriacea, + 2.7 dm. longa,
+2.5 cm. lata, subacuta. Pedunculi cum racemo foliis longior.
Racemus usque ad 3.5 dm. longus. Bractez oblique ascendentes,
breviter falcatz, subacute, rigidae, persistentes, disticha, com-
planatz. Sepala petalaque flavida; labellum cinnabarinum. Sepala
lateralia linearia, ad apicem incrassata, + 3.5 cm. longa, prope
basim circiter 4 mm. lata, septemnervia. Sepalum dorsale simile.
Petala linearia, circiter 3.5 cm. longa, prope basim circiter 3 mm.
lata. Labellum 1.5 cm. longum, ad basim profunde saccatum;
saccus obtusus. Lobi laterales semi-ovati, curvati, obtusi, circiter
1.5 mm. longi. Lobus medius 9 mm. longus, rostratus, glabrus,
incrassatus, acutus, superne sulcatus, ad basim, ad faucem sacci,
callo suleato. Gynostemium brevissimum.

The material from which the description was prepared consists
of several inflorescences, two leaves, and four flowers.

From Thrixspermum elongatum Ames, to which 7’. rostratum
is closely allied, it isreadily distinguished by the long, strap-shaped
leaves, and by the elongated beak-like middle lobe of the cinna-
bar red labellum. As in the other species of this section of Thrix-
spermum, the rhachis of the inflorescence elongates during an-
thesis, producing short-lived flowers, for the most part one at a
time, throughout several weeks. The shortest rhachis in the type
specimen bears about eighteen floral bracts and is hardly 9 cm.
long. The longest rhachis bears about eighty floral bracts and is
36.5 cm. long.

[ 208 ]

ORCHIDACE#
Panay, Patolan, W..S. Lyon 159. Flowers produced in December. Plants

climbing over bushes. Labellum cinnabar red. Sepals and petals yellow.

10. Thrixspermum Vanoverberghii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci.

8: 438.
Luzon.

11. Thrixspermum Wenzelii sp. nov. Herba epiphytica 6 cm.
usque ad 3 dm. longa, polyphylla, racemis numerosis, pendula.
Caules radicantes usque ad apicem + 3mm. in diametro, basibus
foliorum obtecti. Internodia circiter 1 em. longa. Folia disticha,
valde coriacea, ad apicem ineequaliter bilobata cum mucro inter
lobos, lamina oblonga, ad basim leviter attenuata, prope apicem
rotundata, +6 cm. longa, circiter 8 mm. lata. Pedunculi gla-
bri, librati, folia aquantes vel subezequantes, usque ad 5.5 cm.
longi, rigidi, infra racemum uni-bibracteati, bracteis arcte adpres-
sis, tubularibus. Racemus usque ad 3 cm. longus. Rhachis incras-
satus cum bracteis clavatus. Bractez flores subtendentes squami-
formes, triangulares, rigid, 2 mm. longee quam pedicellus cum
ovario multo breviores. Flores flavidi, purpureo-maculati, suc-
cedanel, circiter 1 cm. longi, membranacei. Pedicellus cum ova-
rio circiter 5 mm. longus, gracilis. Sepala lateralia lanceolata,
acuta, 7 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala
spathulata, obtusa, 7 mm. longa, supra medium 2.5 mm. lata.
Labellum trilobatum, saccatum; lobi laterales rotundati, margo
glanduloso-pubescentes. Lobus medius 2.5 mm. longus, 1.5 mm.
latus, glanduloso-pubescens. Ad basim lobi medii callus squami-
formis stat. Saccus obtusus, 4 mm. longus. Gynostemium 2 mm.
longum. Capsula +6 cm. longum.

A near relative of Thrixspermum trichoglottis (Hook. f.) O. K.
but with a very different labellum. The flowers appear one at
a time in each raceme, and in dried specimens have the appear-

ance of being naturally ephemeral.
[ 209 ]

ORCHIDACEA

Leyte, Dagami, C. 4. Wenzel 0182, August 22, 1913. Epiphyte in for-
est, 60 meters above sea level. PALAWAN, Luzon.

76. SARCOCHILUS R. Br.

Of the nine species known to be natives of the Philippines, six
are endemic. By some authors Sarcochilus and Thrixspermum
have been regarded as congeneric. The modern tendency is to
keep them distinct. The chief difference between them is found
in the labellum, which in Sarcochilus is movably articulated with
the column, while in Thrixspermum it is rigidly attached. The
sac of the labellum in Thrixspermum has a wide opening, and
is not, as a rule, terminated by a more or less porrect anterior
utricle.

Although Sarcochilus calceolus Lindl. was originally reported
as a Philippine plant, I have not included it in this list, as there
is an element of doubt about it. 8. calceolus is common at Singa-
pore, and it is not improbable that the Cuming plant described
by Lindley was collected there and not at Manila.

Sarcochilus compressus Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. 6: 498 has
been reported from the Philippines.

Sarcochilus croceus Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1846) 32: sub t. 19
was described from a single leaf and a flower bud sent to Lindley
by Messrs. Loddiges. I have been unable to recognize it among
the specimens I have examined.

1. Sarcochilus appendiculatus J. J. Smith Orch. Jav. 564. S.
pusillus Rezchb. f. in Walp. Ann. 6: 500. Dendrocolla appendi-
culata Bl. Bijdr. 289. Aérides pusillum Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch.
241. Grosourdya appendiculata Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. 2 : 128.
Thrixspermum appendiculatum O. K. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 : 682.

Patawan, Alfonzo XIII, C. M. Weber 605, October 4, 1912. On man-
grove trees, at sea level. Flower brown-purple. Labellum white.
Also from Java.

[ 210 ]

ORCHIDACE

2. Sarcochilus leytensis sp. nov. Herba epiphytica, pusilla, tota
planta circiter 7 cm. alta. Caules incrassati, radicantes vaginis
foliorum obtecti, circiter 3 cm. longi. Folia disticha, coriacea,
oblongi-lanceolata, ad apicem inzqualiter dentata vel bilobata,
ad basim fastigata,+6.5 cm. longa, 6-10 mm. lata, erecta vel re-
curvata, ad basim imbricata. Pedunculus foliis brevior, hystri-
culus, usque ad 5 cm. longus, subpendulus, infra racemum pauci-
bracteatus. Rhachis inflorescentiz incrassatus, glaber. Racemus
pauciflorus, abbreviatus, circiter 1 cm. longus, laxus. Bractez in-
florescentiz squamiformes, ovatz, acutz, ad basim decurrentes,
pedicellis multo breviores. Pedicellus cum ovario glaber circiter
5 mm. longus. Sepala lateralia spathulato-lanceolata, subfalcata,
trinervia, subacuta, 3 mm. longa, vix 2 mm. lata. Sepalum dor-
sale lanceolatum, subspathulatum, trinervium, subacutum, 3 mm.
longum, 1.5 mm. latum. Petala oblonga, falcata, obtusa, 3 mm.
longa, 1 mm. lata. Labellum cylindrico-saccatum, complanatum,
manifeste bilobatum, lobo medio pene obsoleto, triangulo, acuto,
lobis lateralibus magnis, erectis, obtusis. Saccus vel calcar ad orem
leviter constrictum, 2.5mm. longum, intus in pariete antico callo-
sum, callo carnoso. Lobi laterales circiter 1 mm. longi, vix 1 mm.
lati. Gynostemium clavatum 1.75 mm. longum. Pollinia 2.

I have referred this species to Sarcochilus not without doubt
as to the correctness of my diagnosis of its generic characters.
With the exception of the callus on the front wall of the spur,
which appears to be partly formed by the inflection of the nearly,
or almost entirely, obsolete middle lobe, the labellum is smooth.
The column is scarcely developed into a foot and the labellum
joins it without articulation.

Leyte, Dagami, C. 4. Wenzel s.n. March 9, 1913. On trees at medium
height. Altitude 60 meters. Flower white and yellow, odorless. BastLan?

[ 211 ]

ORCHIDACEA

3. Sarcochilus longicalcarus Ames & Rolfe sp. nov. Herba epi-
phytica, pendula. Caules radicantes, circiter 3 mm. in diametro.
Folia alterna, inter se 1.5—2 cm. distantia, oblonga, obtusa, ad
apicem inzqualiter biloba, +1 dm. longa, usque ad 2 cm. lata,
coriacea. Vagine foliorum subarcte adpressz, supra paullo dila-
tate, persistentes, caulem obtecta. Pedunculi folia excedentes,
+8 dm. longi, leviter alati, glabri. Bractez inflorescentiz squami-
formes, latiores quam longiores, circiter 1 mm. longz, valde ob-
tusze, quam pedicellus multo breviores. Pedicellus cum ovario
circiter 9 mm. longus, gracilis. Flores flavidi purpureo-maculati,
membranacei. Sepala lateralia oblique obovata, valde obtusa, 7
mm. longa, 4mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale ovatum, obtusum,7 mm.
longum, prope medium 4 mm. latum. Petala ad basim cuneata,
oblanceolata, obtusa, membranacea, 7 mm. longa, circiter 4 mm.
lata. Labellum unguiculatum, trilobatum, unguis cum pede
labelli 2.5 mm. longus; lobi laterales minuti, curvati, oblongi,
obtusi prope apicem, circiter 1 mm. longi, .75 mm. lati; discus
inter lobos laterales callosus; lobus medius elongatus, calcara-
tus, curvatus, ad apicem tumidus, supra medium gracilis, prope
lobos laterales, a latere visus, disciformis. 'Totum labellum cum
pede gynostemii 1 cm. longum; lobus medius circiter 7 mm.
longus. Gynostemium 2 mm. altum.

“This very closely resembles S. swaveolens Hook. f. in habit,
but has a remarkably elongated spur. Identical with a specimen
collected by A. Loher (590), and unlocalized except for the gen-
eral ticket ‘Central Luzon.’” R. A. Rolfe in note on Elmer 6784.

The middle lobe of the labellum in side view resembles very
much in outline the curved leg with ball foot of a Chippendale
chair.

Mrinvoro, J. Bermejas Bur. Sci. 1516, August to September, 1906. Barut
Isuann, Merrill 5406, October 8, 1906. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount
[ 212]

ORCHIDACE

Mariveles, 4. D. FE. Elmer 6784, November, 1904. Flowers yellow. Miv-
DANAO, District of Davao (Santa Cruz), Mount Binatun, C. M. Weber
268, October 24, 1911. Epiphyte on trees, 381 meters above sea level.
Flowers cream to yellow with purple dots. Minporo, Lyon 17 (Hb.
Ames 10568).

The following specimens appear to belong to S. longicalcarus:
Leyte, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel 0147, June 9, 1913. Luzon, Bontoc Sub-
province, Vanoverbergh 2118, December 10, 1912, 500 meters above sea
level; Camarines Province, H. M. Curran For. Bur. 11353, May, 1908,
100 meters above sea level; Bulacan Province, H. M. Curran Bur. Sci.
38045, 1907.

4. Sarcochilus McGregoriu comb. nov. Thrixspermum Mc-

Gregorii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 : 337.

Minporo.

5. Sarcochilus Merrilli sp. nov. Radices valid, elongate,
numerose. Caules abbreviati, vix elongati. Folia coriacea, con-
ferta, oblonga, utrinque attenuata, obtusa, + 4, patentia, 5.5-9 cm.
longa, usque ad 2 cm. lata, quam scapi multo breviora. Scapi as-
cendentes, graciles, paniculati vel ramosi, + 2 dm. longi, bialati,
ramis divergentibus. Bractee infra inflorescentiam tubuliformes ;
bracteze flores subtendentes squamiformes, rigida, vix 1 mm.
longee, quam pedicellus breviores. Flores minuti, albidi numerosi,
eodem tempore perpauci aperti. Sepala lateralia inzequaliter ob-
lanceolata, unguiculata, leviter apiculata, 3 mm. longa, vix 1.5
mm. lata supra medium, uninervia. Sepalum dorsale oblanceola-
tum, obtusum, uninervium, circiter 2.5 mm. longum. Petala an-
guste oblanceolata, 2.5 mm. longa. Labellum membranaceum,
saccatum, trilobatum, lobi laterales erecti, circiter 2 mm. longi,
.75 mm. lati, triangulares vel semicrescentiformes, membranacei,
lobus medius pene obsoletus, rotundatus, incrassatus, concavus,
subtus dente obtuso instructus. Stelidia columne triangularia
acuta, elongata, erecta.

[ 213 ]

ORCHIDACEA

The flowers suggest those of Sarcochilus Teysmannu J. J.
Smith in the general form of the labellum. The inflorescence is
branched with the branches branched again. Flowers and fruits
are present at the same time. The first branch springs forth about
4 cm. above the leaves. The branches in dried specimens are con-
spicuously two-winged. The claw of the labellum forms a wide
canal, with erect sides, which leads into the saccate termination;
the lateral lobes rise perpendicularly above the very small, some-
what thickened middle lobe, with their acute tips pointing out-
ward from the column. Seen from the side the sac and lobes
suggest the head of a horse with erect ears.

Minpanao, Province of Surigao, Baganga, HK. D. Merrill 5432, Octo-
ber 6, 1906. On tree overhanging river, near sea level.

6. Sarcochilus mindanaensis comb. nov. Thrixspermum minda-
naensis Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 436. This is closely allied to

S. emarginatus Reichb. f., but is distinguishable from it by its
~ much smaller flowers.

Leyte, Minpanao.

7. Sarcochilus palawanensis sp. nov. Aff. S. suaveolentt Hook.
f. Maxime S. longicalcaro affine, speciei quam habitu hee spe-
cles conspicue simulat. Radices fibrata, elongate, glabra, usque
ad summum caulem productz. Caules (penduli?) elongati, cir-
citer 3 mm. in diametro, flaccidi, foliosi. Internodii + 5 mm. longi.
Folia ligulata, utrinque attenuata, pendula, mzqualiter biloba,
3-10 cm. longa, usque ad 2.5 cm. lata, coriacea. Pedunculi foliis
longiores +1 dm. longi, bracteis squamiformibus, obtusis, 1 mm.
longis. Flores succedanei, albidi, fulvo-maculati; saccus flavidus.
Pedicellus cum ovario circiter 7 mm. longus, gracilis. Sepala lat-
eralia inzequaliter elliptica, obtusa, 7 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata,mem-
branacea. Sepalum dorsale ellipticum, obtusum, 7 mm. longum,

3 mm. latum. Petala membranacea, elliptica, vel oblanceolata,
[ 214 ]

ORCHIDACEA

valde obtusa, vix 7 mm. longa, circiter 3mm. lata. Labellum un-
guiculatum, a latere compressum, hypochilio in calcar compres-
sum, clavellatum, antice producto, basi bibrachiatum, brachiis
erectis, faleatis, obtusis, pubescentibus, 2 mm. longis; epichilii
lobulis duobus dentiformibus calcari impositis. Unguis pubes-
cens. Saccus obtusus, pubescens, 3 mm. longus. Gynostemium
2 mm. longum.

The labellum suggests Sarcochilus suaveolens Hook. f. It is
minutely pubescent with the exception of the underneath sur-
face of the elongated claw. The very different sac distinguishes it
from S. longicalcarus Ames and Rolfe.

Patawan, Alfonzo XIII, C. M. Weber 614, November 2, 1912. Habitat
in beach forest, at sea level.

8. Sarcochilus pallidus Rezchb. f. in Walp. Ann. 6 : 500. Cf.
OrcHIDACE 2 : 258 for synonymy. In Petiver’s Gazophylacium
(plate 103, fig. 2) this species, if my conclusions are not at fault,
is represented, and was taken from Camelli’s plant from Luzon
to which reference is made in Ray’s Historia Plantarum.

Pouitito, Minpanao, Luzon, Leyte, Bastian.

9. Sarcochilus philippinensis Ames comb. nov. Thrixspermum
philippinense 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 487. Sarcochilus philip-
pinensis Vidal is a synonym of Camarotis philippinensis Lindl.

Leyte, Minpanao, Luzon, Potit1o.

77. DORITIS Lindi.
A small genus of about five species closely allied with Phalz-
nopsis.

1. Doritis philippinensis Ames OrcHIDACE# 2 : 255. This is
closely allied with D. Wightti Lindl. and D. Steffensi Schitr., the
latter a recently described species from Celebes.

Luzon, PaLAwan.
[ 215]

ORCHIDACEA
78. PHALAINOPSIS Bil.

This is a genus of showy orchids which is of horticultural impor-
tance and consequently very difficult to systematize. Numerous
varieties have been described for horticultural purposes which de-
pend largely on color, size, and form, characteristics impossible
to distinguish in dried material. In the following list no attempt
has been made to differentiate between forms which are purely
horticultural. An instructive paper on Phalaenopsis was published
by R. A. Rolfe in the August number of the Orchid Review for
1905, in which references are made to Philippine species. I have
marked with an asterisk those species that have not been repre-
sented in collections made for the Bureau of Science, and which
are known to me only through cultivated specimens.

1. Phalenopsis amabilis Lindl. var. Aphrodite Ames Orcut-
DACE 2 : 226. This variety is regarded as a distinct species by
several authorities, but on characteristics which appear to me
negligible. For synonymy and varieties ORCHIDACE#, volume 2,
pages 224 to 229, should be studied. In Petiver’s Gazophyla-
cium, plate 103, fig. 10, this species is represented. Probably from
the Camelli specimens referred to in Ray’s Historia Plantarum.

Luzon, Minpanao, Patawan, Lamsucan (like var. Rimestadtiana, flowers
9.5 cm. across).

*2. Phalenopsis Boxallii Rezchb. f. in Gard. Chron. (1883) 1:
274. See also Gard. Chron. (1886) 2 : 276. Related to P. Manni
Reichb. f.

3. Phalznopsis equestris (Schauer) Reichb. f. Linnea 22 : 864.
P. rosea Lindl., P. Esmeralda Cogn.

Luzon, Minpanao, Bonor, Panay.

*4. Phalenopsis fuscata Reichb. f: in Gard. Chron. (1874) 2 : 6.
P. Denisiana Cogn. in Gard. Chron. (1899) 2 : 82.

[ 216 ]

ORCHIDACE

*5, Phalenopsis fasciata Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. (1882) 2:
134. Supposed to have been introduced from the Philippine Is-
lands by Messrs. Hugh Low & Co.

6. Phalenopsis Lindenii 4. Loher in Journ. des Orch. (1895)
103.

Luzon.

7. Phalenopsis Lueddemanniana Reichd. f. in Bot. Zeit. 23 :
146.

Luzon, Leyrr, Mrypanao, Patawan, Po.ii1o.

8. Phalenopsis Marie Burbidge in Warn. Orch. Alb. 2: t. 80.
Cf. note under t. 87. Plate 6964 in the Botanical Magazine is
more accurate than the plate in the Orchid Album.

Minpanao, Luzon.

9. Phalenopsis Micholitzii Rolfe in Gard. Chron. (1890) 2 :
197. See also Orch. Rev. 13 : 229. I have specimens of the origi-
nal flowers collected by Micholitz which have been compared
with the type and verified by Mr. Rolfe. This species is closely re-
lated to Phalenopsis Lueddemanniana Reichb. f. The labellum
in its form and calli is very much like the labellum of P. Lued-
demanniana, and differs chiefly from it in the hairs on the disc
being scattered and not gathered into a tuft. But even this dis-
tinction only holds in special cases. From C. A. Wenzel (054
Leyte) I have specimens which are very similar to P. Micholitzi,
although they match flowers of P. Lweddemanniana equally
well. Mr. Wenzel describes the flowers as odorless, green, brown,
white, yellow, and purple. Mr. Rolfe in the Orchid Review
(J. c.) compares P. Micholitzi to P. tetraspis Reichb. f., which
has white flowers. Unfortunately no technical description of
Mr. Rolfe’s species is known to me. The name occurs in Gar-
den Journals with brief characterizations. In the Orchid Review

[ 217 ]

ORCHIDACEA

(1. c.) Mr. Rolfe stated that his description had never been pub-
lished.

*10. Phalenopsis Reichenbachiana Feichb. f. & Sander in Gard.
Chron. (1882) 2: 586.

11. Phalenopsis Schilleriana Reichb. f. in Hamb. Garten und
Blumenz. 16 : 115.

Luzon.

12. Phalenopsis Stuartiana Reichb. f. in Gard Chron, (1881)
1: 748.

Luzon?

*13. Phalenopsis Veitchiana Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. (1872)
935.

79. AERIDES Lour.

Although numerous garden forms have been described from
Philippine specimens, the genus Aérides is represented by few
species in the Philippines. 4érides quinquevulnerum is by far the
most common species. From dried specimens it is extremely dif-
ficult to recognize many of the forms that are cultivated under
various names.

1. Aérides Augustianum Fo/fe in Lindenia 5 : 39, pl. 210; Gard.
Chron. (1890) 1 : 9. I have not seen any specimens of this among
the collections from the Bureau of Science. It has purplish flowers
and a very long spur on the labellum.

2. Aérides Lawrencie FReichb. f: in Gard. Chron. (1883) 2 : 460,
307, 368.

Minpanao.
3. Aérides odoratum Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 525.
Minporo.

4, Aérides Ortgesianum FRerchb. f. in Gard. Chron. (1885) 501,
[ 218 ]

ORCHIDACE

a species which I have not seen among specimens from the Phil-
ippines, is a near ally of 4. quinquevulnerum.

5. Aérides quinquevulnerum Lindl. Sert. Orch. pl. 30.

Luzon.

6. Aérides Roebelenii Reichb. f- in Gard. Chron. (1884) 1: 510
is near 4. quinquevulnerum. I have not seen any specimens refer-
able to it from the Philippines.

7. Aérides Rohanianum Rerchb. f. in Gard. Chron. (1884) 1:
206, and A.suavissimum Lindl. Journ. Hort. Soc. 4: 264, belong
to A. odoratum Lour. Undoubtedly several species which are still
upheld will prove to be forms of this very variable and widely
distributed species.

8. Aérides Savageanum Veitch Man. 7:78.

80. RHYNCHOSTYLIS Bi.
Two species are natives of the Philippines. About three species
constitute the genus. The synonymy is copious.

1. Rhynchostylis retusa B/. Biydr. 286.

Luzon, PaLtawan.

2. Rhynchostylis violacea Feichb. f. in Bonpl. 2:93. Vanda
violacea Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1841) Mise. p. 12; (1847) t. 30. The
flowers of this species are larger than in R#. retusa Bl. and possess
a distinctly retuse-apiculate labellum. Lindley’s description and
the accompanying plate in the Botanical Register of 1847 were
prepared from material introduced from the Philippine Islands.
Lindley reported that Cuming found the species in Manila and
introduced it to Europe. In the Botanical Magazine of 1864.
plate 5433 depicts a white-flowered species that is hardly differ-
ent from #. violacea. This species was described by Hooker under
the name Saccolabium Harrisonianum and separated specifically

[ 219 ]

ORCHIDACEA

from the species illustrated in the Botanical Register by slight
differences discoverable in the flower. Hooker’s species was im-
ported from ‘‘Puio Copang, in the Chinese seas.”

Luzon, W.S. Lyon 50, 1908. Referred by the collector to Aérides quin-
quevulnerum Lindl. with the following note: “But the wounds 2.e. spots
(now faded), are sometimes two or three instead of one on each perianth
segment.” In addition to the specimens collected by Lyon I possess a
number of plants, presumably discovered in Luzon by a native collector.
This appears to be the species figured by Petiver in his Gazophylacium
(plate 103, fig. 11) from Camelli’s plants gathered in Luzon and published
by Ray in Historia Plantarum.

81. LUISIA Gaudich.
Probably thirty species constitute the genus, of which four come
from the Philippine Islands. All of them are endemic with the
exception of Luisa teretifola, which is a native of Java, Am-
boina, New Caledonia, and Ceylon.

1. Luisia Foxworthii Ames ORcHIDACEE 2 : 222.

Luzon, Po rtuo.

2. Luisia Ramosii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 6:55.

Luzon.

3. Luisia teretifolia Gaudich. Voy. Uranie 427, t. 37.

Luzon, Patawan, Leyre, Mrinpanao, Nrcros?

4. Luisia valida Rezchb. f: in Bonpl. 10 : 335. “Tepalis oblongo
ligulatis sepala paulo excedentibus, labello bene ventricoso tri-
fido, laciniis posticis triangulis erectis juxta columnam, lacinia
antica hastato triangula excavata.— Folia valida.” Reichb. f.
l. c. This species is unknown to me. ZL. teretifolia is well charac-
terized by linear-oblong, obtuse petals, which slightly exceed the
upper sepal in length. The labellum is panduriform, and con-
cave near the column. Reichenbach’s description of the petals of
LL. valida applies equally well to the petals of L. teretifolia; in

[ 220 ]

ORCHIDACE

fact, it applies only to L. teretifolia of all the species from the
Philippines that I have seen, and taken in conjunction with his
description of the labellum of ZL. vakda, arouses a strong suspi-
cion in my mind that L. teretifolia and L. valida are conspecific,
or that my conception of L. teretifolia is erroneous. From both
species L. Foxworth and L. Ramosi are clearly distinct, through
the broad petals, which in L. Foxworth are oblong-lanceolate
and in L. Ramos unequally ovate.

82. ARACHNIS Bi.

About fifteen species are referable to this genus. Only one species
has been discovered in the Philippines. Also represented by spe-
cies in Annam, Borneo, New Guinea, Java, and Celebes.

1. Arachnis Lyonu sp. nov. Radices elongate, vaginas perfo-
rantes, vermiformes. Caules erecti, rigidi, + 1 cm. in diametro, te-
retes, usque ad apicem complanatum, internodiis 2.5—3 cm. longis.
Folia patentissima, coriacea, ligulata, oblonga, ad apicem ine-
qualiter obtuse biloba, usque ad 12 cm. longa, 2.5 em. lata. Va-
gine internodia aquantes, tubulosz, in sicco valde transverse
rugose, prope apicem leviter dilatate. Inflorescentiz vaginas ad
basim perforantes, breves, circiter triflore, laxee. Pedunculo val-
diusculo, 3-7 cm. longo, vaginis tubulosis tecto, rhachide + 3 cm.
longa. Bractez flores subtendentes breviter tubulares, in sicco
scariose, circiter 3 cm. longz. Flores circiter 3 cm. in diametro,
carnosi, flavidi, bruneo-maculati, sepalis petalisque patentissi-
mis. Sepala lateralia spathulata, coriacea, obtusa, 1.8 cm. longa,
8 mm. lata, ad basim vix 4 mm. lata, ad margines undulata. Se-
palum dorsale unguiculatum, ellipticum, obtusum, circiter 22
mm. longum, prope apicem 9 mm. latum. Petala coriacea, falcato-
spathulata, obtusa, 1.8 cm. longa, supra medium 1 em. lata. La-
bellum parvum, circiter 6 cm. longum, carnosum, intus ad basim

f 221 ]

ORCHIDACEA

lobi medi callo longitudinali magno, carnoso, lateraliter com-
presso, 2-5 mm. alto, valde elevato donatum ; lobi laterales late
obtusi, lobus medius erecto-incurvus, linearis, obtusus, 2 mm.
longus, vix 1 mm. latus.Gynostemium crassum, dorso-convexum,
6 mm. longum.

Allied to the Bornean Arachnis breviscapa J. J. Smith, but in
part distinguishable by its smaller flowers. The hinged or mov-
able labellum separates this species generically from Vandopsis
Lissochiloides Pfitz. and V. leytensis Ames, if the treatment of
J. J. Smith is adopted.

Luzon, Isabella Province, W. S. Lyon 126, March to April. Terrestrial
among rocks, 3000 feet altitude. Flowers straw-yellow, hieroglyphically
blotched with brown. Central ridge on labellum bright violet. Fragrance
of violets.

83. ESMERALDA Reichb. f.
This is a small group which is probably best kept as a section of
Vanda.

1. Esmeralda Sanderiana Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. (1882) 1:
588.

Minpanao.

84. VANDOPSIS Pfitz.
This is a small genus which is nearly related to Arachnis Bl.
Two species are known to be natives of the Philippines. It is also
represented in Burma, China, New Guinea, and the Liukiu
Archipelago.

1. Vandopsis leytensis sp. nov. Herba epiphytica usque ad
4 dm. alta. Caules +6 dm. in diametro, rigidi. Folia disticha,
valde coriacea, ligulato-oblonga, vel elliptico-oblonga, ad apicem
inzequaliter biloba, lobis obtusis, + 10 cm. longa, + 3 cm. lata, in
sicco valde rugosa. Vagine foliorum laxe adpressz, supra dilatate,

[ 222 ]

ORCHIDACE

+3 cm. long, caulem obtectz, rigida. Pedunculus rigidus, cir-
citer 2 mm. in diametro, bracteis cupuliformibus + 5 mm. longis.
Flores + 5, in racemo+ 1 dm. longo dispositi, circiter 6 cm. in dia-
metro, carnosi. Bractee flores subtendentes usque ad 1 cm. longee,
rigid. Pedunculus cum ovario circiter 3 cm. longus, glaber.
Sepala lateralia in sicco valde nervosa, circiter 3 cm. longa, circi-
ter 1 cm. lata, oblongi-elliptica, acuta. Sepalum dorsale simile sed
angustius, apiculatum. Petala quam sepala lateralia multo an-
gustiora, subspathulata, circiter 3 cm. longa. Labellum ad basim
concavum, trilobatum, lobus medius lateraliter compressus 1 cm.
longus, leviter curvatus, superne valde incrassatus et subtiliter
pubescens, sulcatus, lobi laterales trianguli, acuti, vix 1 cm. longi,
ad basim circiter 4 mm. lati. Discus labelli in medio dense pubes-
cens. Hypochilium 1 cm. longum, circiter 5 mm. altum, in sicco
valde nervosum, rigidum, ad pedem gynostemii adfixum, per
medium carina dense pubescens extensa. Gynostemium rigidum
7 mm. longum.

Vandopsis leytensis is readily distinguishable from Vandopsis
Lissochiloides Pfitz. by the very different labellum and shorter
leaves. The labellum is concave at base and is divisible into hy-
pochile and epichile. The epichile is made up of the middle and
lateral lobes, the lateral lobes spreading at right angles, or nearly
so, to the middle lobe. The hypochile is densely pubescent along
themedian line. Directly in front of the hypochile the lateral lobes
are situated.

Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 014, December 14, 1912. On trees at me-
dium height, 60 meters above sea level. Flower red, brown, and white;
Wenzel 0172, March 24, 1913.

2. Vandopsis Lissochiloides (Gaudich.) Pfitz. in Engler &

Prantl’s Pflanzenf. Orchidacez 210, fig. 229.

Minpanao, Panay.
[ 223 |

ORCHIDACE
85. STAUROPSIS Reich. f.

Only one species is known from the Philippines.
1. Stauropsis philippinensis Reichb. f- in Hamb. Garten und
Blumenz. 16 : 117.

Minpanao, Luzon, Necros, Patawan?

86. RENANTHERA Louwr.
As at present understood this is a small genus confined to the
tropics of the Old World. From Mindanao there is a specimen
in the Bureau of Science Herbarium, collected by Mary Strong
Clemens (773), which consists of the inflorescence only. It ap-
pears to be near #. matutina Lindl., but the lateral sepals are free.
1. Renanthera elongata Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 218. This
species, under the name RF. micrantha B1., is referred to the Phil-
ippines in Xenia Orchidacea (1:92). The R. micrantha of Xenia
is referred to &. elongata Lindl. by J. J. Smith. Plate 41 of the
Botanical Register (1843), which represents 2. elongata, accom-
panies a brief note by Lindley, who referred to specimens col-
lected by Cuming in the Philippines. I have not seen any mate-
rial of this species among the Bureau of Science collections.

2. Renanthera monachica sp. nov. Aff. R. angustifole Hook. f.
Radices? Folia disticha, approximata, ligulata, coriacea,ad apicem
inequaliter et obtuse biloba, 5.5-13 em. longa, 1—-1.5 cm. lata."
Pedunculus erectus, simplex, 18.5 cm. longus, bibracteatus infra
racemum, bracteis tubularibus, circiter 2 mm. longis. Pedicellus
cum ovario gracilis, 1.5 cm. longus. Flores + 6 in racemo laxo
dispositi, + 2.5 em. in diametro, flavidi, rubro-maculati, circiter
1 cm. distantes, bracteis subtendentibus squamiformibus. Sepala
lateralia unguiculata, 2 cm. longa, vix 6 mm. lata, ad basim vix
1mm. lata, lanceolata, prope apicem processu unciformi. Sepalum

* Only the upper part of the stem was secured by the collector.
[ 224 ]

ORCHIDACE#

dorsale anguste lanceolatum, acutum, 1.5 cm. longum, 3 mm.
latum, breviter unguiculatum. Petala subfalcata, ad basim atten-
uata, acuta, acuminata, 1.2 cm. longa, 3.5 mm. lata. Labellum
crassum, saccatum, trilobatum, lobi laterales antice trianguli,
acuti, postice obtusi columnam attingentes; lobus medius 2.5
mm. longus, 1 mm. latus, oblongus ad apicem rotundato-obtusus.
Saccus obtusus, cylindricus, antice 1.5 mm. longus, cum lobis
lateralibus 3.5 cm. longus. Columna rigida, crassa, 4 mm. alta,
minute puberula, ad apicem annulo pilorum instructa.

This is a near ally of Renanthera angustifolia Hook. f. (Ic. Pl.
2138), but distinguishable from it by means of the differently
shaped perianth organs. The peduncle is unbranched. The gyno-
stemium is entire at the summit. The lateral sepals just below
the tip are provided with a hook-shaped process.

Luzon, Zambales Province, H. M. Curran Bur. Sci. 3089. Flowered at
Manila under cultivation in February, 1908.
3. Renanthera Storiei Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. (1880) 2 : 296.

Luzon.

87. VANDA Jones
This is a large genus widely distributed in the tropics of the east-
ern hemisphere. Most of the species are cultivated for the beauty
of their flowers.
1. Vanda lamellata Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1838) Mise. p. 66.
Luzon, Minporo, Comiran, Panay, Surv Sea.
Var. Boxallii Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. (1880) 1: 743.
Luzon.
2. Vanda Reeblingiana Rolfe in Kew Bull. (1894) 865.
Luzon.

3. Vanda tricolor Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1847) sub t. 59. I refer

[ 225 ]

ORCHIDACEA

here specimens that are cultivated in Manila under the name
Vanda luzonica. The material I have examined appears to be
a variety of V’. tricolor, but as it is quite probable that there are
differences between V’. tricolor and V. luzonica that are conspic-
uous in living plants, the name V’. uzonica may represent a dis-
tinct species. The flowers are said to be nearly odorless, white,
with the labellum white at base and light purple above.

My specimens are from Mount Balacbac, Bulacan Province, Luzon,
Loher 6006.

88. ANGRAICUM Bory
A single species is known to be a native of the Philippines,

1. Angrzecum philippinensis -4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 : 336;
4: 597.

Luzon, Mrnporo.

89. SACCOLABIUM Bi.

As at present understood, Saccolabium is a small genus partly
distinguished from Sarcochilus by the absence of a foot on the
column. It is represented in Java, Celebes, New Guinea, ete.
Under Saccolabium numerous species have been reported from
the Philippines. Saccolabium bifidum Lindl. = Sarcanthus bifidus
Ames. §. Blumet Lindl. = Rhynchostyls retusa Bl. S. chionan-
thum Lindl. = Schenorchis micrantha Bl. S. compressum Lindl, =
Robiquetia compressa Schltr. S. miniatum Lindl. = Ascocentrum
mimatum Schitr.

The synonymy of Rhynchostyhs retusa in ORCHIDACES, vol-
ume 2, should be studied in this connection. Several species have
been referred to the Philippines under Saccolabium which are
unknown to me, or are not represented in the Bureau of Science
collection. These I have purposely omitted from my list, as they
are doubtful.

[ 226 ]

ORCHIDACEA

1. Saccolabium confusum Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 435.

Luzon.

2. Saccolabium Escritoru sp. nov. Herba epiphytica, valde car-
nosa. Caulis contractus, validus, 2-3 em. altus, leviter complana-
tus. Folia disticha, valde coriacea, rigida, usque ad 8 cm. longa,
7-11 mm. lata, ad apicem leviter fastigata, in sicco rugosa, vagi-
nis persistentibus caulem obtegentibus. Pedunculus valde incras-
satus foliis brevior, usque ad 7 cm. longus, pane usque ad basim
florosus. Rhachis inflorescentiz incrassatus, clavatus, alatus, brac-
teis squamiformibus circiter 2 mm. longis, acutis; margo bracte-
orum denticulata. Flores albidi in racemo cylindraceo laxo dis-
positi. Pedicellus gracilis cum ovario circiter 1 cm. longus. Sepala
lateralia elliptico-ovata, acutiuscula, extra sub apicem cuspide
munita, 6 mm. longa, 2.5 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale simile sed
angustius et ad apicem obtusum. Petala oblonga, valde obtusa,
6 mm. longa, 2.5 cm. lata. Labellum crassum, saccatum, lobatum,
lobi laterales 1.5 mm. longi, 1.5 mm. lati, erecti, bipartiti, divisi-
ones adherentes, pars anterior quadrata, pars posterior triangula
vel lobi laterales trianguli, callo permagna predita; lobus medius
abbreviatus, carnosus, rotundatus, crescentiformis. Saccus infra
lobum medium protumidus, ceteroqui triangulus, complanatus
vel obconicus, usque ad apicem liberum fastigatus, circiter 5 mm.
longus. Gynostemium breve.

The lateral lobes of the labellum are quadrate and apparently
composed of two members, the posterior member being adher-
ent to the outside of the anterior one and above produced into
a short obtuse or somewhat pointed lobe. The posterior mem-
ber when forced apart from the anterior one is narrowly trian-
gular in shape. The middle lobe of the labellum is very fleshy,
and is subtended by a fleshy projection of the sac. The sac itself is

[ 227 ]

ORCHIDACEA

triangular, probably flattened laterally in life, without dividing
membranes or raised veins on the inner walls. The labellum might
be described as three-lobed, with the middle lobe divided and the
divisions adherent to the lateral lobes. But this is hardly a cor-
rect description, as the structure of the labellum does not warrant
it. What I have termed the anterior member of each lateral pair
of lobes may be an extraordinarily developed lamina; that it is
so seems very probable, as the anterior margin of the posterior
member of each pair joins the middle lobe and together with it
ferms a continuous boundary within which the anterior mem-
ber of each pair of lateral lobes is contained, appearing like a
callus arising from the throat of the fleshy sac or spur.

That this species belongs to the genus Saccolabium seems very
probable, but in view of the differing opinions regarding generic
limitations in the group, future studies may prove that I have
not interpreted its characters properly. The flowers open, more
or less, at the same time on a thickened clavate rhachis.

From the description of Saccolabium sarcochiloides Schltr.
this species must be a near ally, but the flowers as shown by the
plate published by Schlechter are structurally dissimilar from
S. Hscritoru.

The specimens from Mount Mariveles collected by Dr. Cope-
land are smaller than the type, but exhibit the same peculiarities
in floral structure. The lateral lobes of the labellum are purple
and erect.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Guinayangan, L. Escritor Bur. Sci. 20733,
March 8,1913. Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Buena Vista Peak,
E. B. Copeland s.n. November 23,1907. Inmoss on trees. Flowers white,
slightly fragrant, centre of flower purplish.

8. Saccolabium Loheri sp. nov. Epiphyticum, habitu S. rho-
palorrhachis J. J. Smith. Caulis abbreviatus, dense foliosus, circi-

[ 228 ]

ORCHIDACE

ter 5 mm. in diametro. Radices elongate, glabree. Folia ligulata,
utrinque attenuata, usque ad 1 dm. longa, 1—2 cm. lata, coriacea.
Racemus circiter 3 cm. longus, rhachi paulo incrassata. Bracteze
racemisquamiformes, circiter2 mm. longe. Pedicellus cum ovario
5-7 mm. longus, gracilis. Flores flavidi purpureo-maculati. Sepala
lateralia circiter 9 mm. longa, prope basim 3 mm. lata, lanceolata,
apiculata. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala ligulata, acuta, 8 mm.
longa, circiter 3.5 mm. lata. Labellum 6.5 mm. longum, infra
lobum medium rostratum, valde protumidum, carnosum, a latere
compressum, trilobatum, lobi laterales rotundati; lobus medius
minutus, obtusus, crescentiformis, calceiformis, a latere visus.
Columna brevis, rostello bipartito.

Saccolabium Loheri is a near ally of S. sarcochiloides Schltr.,
but is very different in the structure of the labellum, which re-
sembles, when seen laterally, a perfect shoe, the toe protruding
beneath the small middle lobe, and the heel being formed by an
indentation of the sac.

Luzon, Zambales Province, 4. Loher 6026. Flowering in Manila, July
26, 1905.
4. Saccolabium luzonense Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 435.

Luzon.

5. ?Saccolabium pumilio Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. (1875) 2:
98. “Minutum; foliis oblongis apice inequaliter bilobis subtus
purpureis; racemo densifloro, foliis breviori; bracteis triangulis
ovaria pedicellata non zquantibus; sepalis tepalisque ligulatis
obtusis; labelli laciniis lateralibus retusiusculis angulo in medio,
lacinia media oblonga obtusa, calcari planiusculo cylindrato re-
tuso; columna retusa, rostello bidentato; caudicula sub polliniis
utrinque angulata.” Reichb. f. /. c. “The small flowers stand in
a bent cylindraceous dense raceme. They look Sarcanthoid, but

[ 229 ]

ORCHIDACE4#

the features of that genus are not to be found. They might, too,
be compared to the flowers of Saccolabium buccosum and fra-
grans. Their color is yellowish, the lip white, with some purplish
marks on the blade.” Reichb. f. /. c.

6. Saecolabium sarcochiloides Schltr. Orchis 5:61, t. 8.

7. Saccolabium Vanoverberghii sp. nov. Herba epiphytica, us-
que ad 20 cm. alta. Vagine foliorum internodiis paulo longi-
ores, 5-7 mm. longz, leviter complanatz, in sicco rugosz. Caulis
radicans erectus. Folia disticha, coriacea, ad apicem ineequaliter
bilobata, oblonga, basim apicemque angustata, usque ad 5.5 cm.
longa, 9-11 mm. lata, oblique ascendentia. Pedunculi oppositi-
folii, foliis breviores, pauci-bracteati, glabri, ascendentes. Flores
flavidi et albidi, circiter 1 em. in diametro, succedanei. Rhachis
alatus, subcomplanatus, incrassatus. Bractez inflorescentiz squa-
miformes, vix 1 mm. long. Pedicellus cum ovario vix 1 cm.
longus. Sepala lateralia elliptico-oblonga, trinervia, ad apicem
angustata, obtusa, 6 mm. longa, vix 3 mm. lata. Sepalum dor-
sale simile. Petala falcato-oblanceolata, 5.5 mm. longa, 2.5 mm.
lata, obtusa. Labellum saccatum, saccus obtusus, cylindraceus,
superne dilatatus, circiter 5 mm. longus. Lobi laterales quad-
rati, truncati, erecti, 1.25 mm. longi, circiter 1 mm. lati; lobus
medius abbreviatus, semiorbicularis, carnosus, callo transversario
in disco, callus semilunatus. Gynostemium crassum 2.5-3 mm.
longum.

The middle lobe of the labellum is hardly more than a rounded
lip at the summit of the sac, with its edge extending to the lat-
eral lobes, which appear to have been erect in life. Beneath the
middle lobe the sac is slightly protuberant and the anterior wall
is very much thickened.

Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Father M. Vanoverbergh 2214, December
[ 230 ]

ORCHIDACEA

31, 1913. Altitude 1700 meters. On trees; Vanoverbergh 1712, Novem-
ber 2, 1912. Altitude 1650 meters. Subprovince Ifugao, Mount Polis,
R. C. McGregor Bur. Sci. 19634. Flower yellow-buff, lower part white.

90. GASTROCHILUS Don.
The dismemberment of the genus Saccolabium necessitated the
reinstatement of Gastrochilus to receive those species which have
a labellum characterized by a hemispherical, wide-mouthed hy-
pochile and a flat, somewhat triangular, outspread epichile which
is more or less fringed at the margin and which gives to the la-
bellum the appearance of an inverted jockey cap. About sixteen
species are recognized from Ceylon, Sikkim-Himalaya, Burma,
India, Japan, Moulmein, and G. sororius Schltr. from Java. Sac-
colahium formosanum Hayata, which I only know from the ori-
ginal description and the figure in Icones Plantarum Formosana-
rum (4:88), is a native of Arisan, Formosa, with the epichile of
the labellum entire. (Cf. Schlechter’s Die Gattungen Gastrochi-
lus Don und Gastrochilus Wall. in Fedde Rep. 12 : 313.)

1. Gastrochilus philippinensis sp. nov. Radices valide. Caulis
9 cm. longus, 4-10 mm. in diametro. Folia disticha, ad basim im-
bricata, 10-14 cm. longa, 2.3—2.7 cm. lata, ad apicem inaequaliter
bilobata, oblongi-elliptica, ligulata, valde coriacea, vagine folio-
rum arcte adpressez, caulem obtectz. Pedunculus 2.5 cm. longus,
incrassatus, bractea vaginata, glaber. Bractez flores subtenden-
tes late ovate, obtuse, 2 mm. longe, rigidz. Pedicelli 7-10 mm.
longi. Sepala petalaque similia, carnosa, oblongi-spathulata, ob-
tusa,7 mm. longa, usque ad 4 mm. lata. Labellum 5 mm. longum,
lobis lateralibus erectis, minutis. Hypochilium saccatum, coni-
cum, carnosum, 3 mm. altum. Epichilium 4 mm. longum, circi-
ter 6 mm. latum, echinatum, ad marginem profunde et inzquali-
ter fimbriatum. Gynostemium breve.

[ 231 ]

ORCHIDACEA#

The type consists of a single specimen and is the only Philip-
pine representative of the genus Gastrochilus that has come to
my attention. It is a near ally of Gastrochilus calceolaris Don,
but the leaves are different from the leaves of that species and
the flowers are smaller than those of G. calceolaris. G. sororius
Schltr. is also a nearly related species, but with different leaves.
Although I have withheld this species from publication since
1904, in anticipation of additional material to clarify it, it re-
mains unique among the collections of the Bureau of Science.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio, 4. D. E. Elmer 6517, June 28,1904.

91. OMGA BI.
A small genus with one representative in the Philippines.

1. Omea philippinensis sp. nov. Epiphytica, pusilla. Caulis +1
dm. altus, foliosus, circiter 8 mm. in diametro. Folia valde car-
nosa, disticha, 3-5 mm. distantia, patentia, lateraliter compressa,
oblonga a latere visa, sulcata supra et subter, ad apicem oblique
acuta directe ad perpendiculum, in sicco valde rugosa et angulata,
usque ad 3 cm. longa, circiter 2 mm. in crassitudine a latere visa.
Inflorescentiz axillares, brevissime, flores circiter 5. Peduncu-
lus quam folia multo brevior, incrassatus, bractez flores subten-
dentes, cymbiformes, triangulares, acute, circiter 1.5 mm. longe.
Pedicellus cum ovario circiter 2 mm. longus. Sepala lateralia
circiter 4 mm. longa, lanceolata, concava, leviter carinata, ad
apicem conduplicata, acuta. Sepalum dorsale simile, concavum.
Petala quam sepala angustiora, linearia, acuta, 3 mm. longa. La-
bellum trilobatum, saccatum, lobi laterales triangulares, mem-
branacei, valde acuti, .5 mm. longi, ad basim circiter .5 mm. lati;
lobus medius cordato-sagittatus, carnosus, acutus, 1.5mm. longus,
1.5 mm. latus. Saccus 2 mm. longus, cylindraceus, obtusus, vix
bilobulatus. Columna apoda, 1 mm. longa.

[ 232 ]

ORCHIDACEA

Structurally the specimens on which my description is based
appear to belong to Omcea. From Omeea micrantha Bl. they differ
in the several flowered inflorescence. The floral structure, how-
ever, is very similar to that of Blume’s species. The general habit
of the plants suggests Microsaccus Wenzelu, but the leaves are
much narrower perpendicularly and not so crowded. I’rom dried
specimens the leaves appear to have been deeply sulcate both
above and beneath.

Luzon, Province of Pampanga, Mount Arayat, E. D. Merrill 4208,
September 15, 1905. Altitude 350 meters. Epiphyte on mossy tree. ‘ Lip
and spur white. Petals somewhat dark drab.”

92, ASCOCENTRUM Schltr.
Dr. R. Schlechter has proposed the new genus Ascocentrum
to receive those species which are allied to the following spe-
cies formerly ascribed to Saccolabium: S. awrantiacum Schltr.,
S. curvifolium Lindl., S. ampulaceum Lindl., and S. miniatum
Lindl. Saccolabium as at present understood is closely related
to Sarcochilus, from which genus it is distinguished chiefly by
the footless column. In the Philippines Saccolabium is repre-
sented by S. confuswm Ames, S. luzonense Ames, S. sarcochiloides
Schltr., and SS. Vanoverberghi Ames.

Ascocentrum miniatum (Lindl.) Schltr. in Fedde Rep. Bei-
hefte 1: 975. Saccolabium miniatum Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1847)
sub t. 26, t. 58. Gastrochilus miniatus O. K. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 661.

Luzon, Mrinpanao.

938. MALLEOLA J.J. Smith & Schltr.

Sepals and petals more or less spreading, oblong. Petals similar
to the sepals, erect-spreading. Labellum calcariform, more or
less distinctly three-lobed, lateral lobes small, for the most part
truncate, middle lobe small with the apex usually incurved, spur

[ 233 ]

ORCHIDACEA

conically cylindrical, or conical, rarely elongated. Column short
hammer-shape (malleoliform), fleshy, footless, the very short ros-
tellum bipartite. Pollinia globose, stipe from the slender base
gradually dilated upwards, gland rounded, small. Anther cucul-
late, usually apiculate, smooth. Ovary subsessile, smooth, cylin-
drical. Epiphytes, caulescent or subcaulescent, leafy, roots fili-
form, smooth. Leaves ligulate, leathery. Racemes lax or dense,
several or many flowered, subpendulus or erect.

1. Malleola constricta sp. nov. Herba epiphytica 8-25 cm. alta.
Caules elongati, 6—12-foliati, vix 2 mm. in crassitudine, subflex-
uosi. Folia alterna, anguste oblonga, ad basim apicemque fasti-
gata, coriacea, in sicco rigida, 10-12 mm. distantia inter se, 4.5—
7.5 cm. longa, circiter 8 mm. lata, vaginis persistentibus caulem
obtegentibus. Vaginz foliorum arcte adpressz, internodiis aequi-
longe vel longiores in longitudinem striate. Pedunculi oppositi-
folii, 4-9 cm. longi, glabri, infra racemum bibracteati. Bracteze
lax, in sicco scariosz, tubulares, oblique truncate, 2-3 mm.
longe. Bractez racemi lanceolate, acute, 3 mm. longe infra me-
dium racemi. Flores minuti, in racemo laxo dispositi. Pedicellus
cum ovario circiter 2 mm. longus. Sepala lateralia late ovata,
trilatera, obtusa, 3 mm. longa, vix 3 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale
valde concavo-cucullata, 3 mm. longa, sigmoidea a latere visum.
Petala oblongi-elliptica, 3 mm. longa, 1.5 mm. lata, subacuta. La-
bellum calcaratum, trilobatum. Lobi laterales minuti, trianguli,
erecti, acuti; lobus medius erectus, carnosus, triangulus, circiter
1 mm. longus, acutus. Calcar supra basim cylindraceum, circiter
1.5 mm. in diametro, ad basim in pariete postico in sacculum
scrotiformem productum; totum calcar 3.5 mm. longum; sac-
culus 1 mm. longus. Gynostemium breve. Stipes linearis, deinde
dilatatus, 1.75 mm. longus.

[ 234 ]

ORCHIDACEAE

There is no dividing wall in the sac, and there are no calli or
protuberances. At the base of the middle lobe there is a thicken-
ing of the tissues which is difficult to understand in dried mate-
rial. Undoubtedly in generic characters closely related to species
of Sarcanthus.

Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 055, December 29, 1912. On trees at
medium height. Altitude 60 meters. Flower white, yellow, and purple.
Minpanao.

The following belong with MZ. constricta:

Po.ti1o, R. C. McGregor Bur. Sci. 10447, November 11, 1909. Leyte,
C. A. Wenzel 062, December 31, 1912.

2. Malleola Lyoni sp. nov. Aff. M. constricta. Planta + 4 dm.
alta. Caules flexuosi, +3 mm. in diametro. Radices ad basimcaulis
vagine perforantes. Folia valde coriacea, oblongi-elliptica, inae-
qualiter bilobata, disticha, 2.5-4 cm. longa, usque ad 1.4 cm. lata,
patentia; vagine foliorum internodiis equilongis, circiter 1 cm.
longee, ad nodos caulis dilatatz, rigidae, in sicco valde rugose.
Pedunculi vaginas foliorum perforantes, elongati, circiter 1 dm.
longi, ad basim bracteis tubularibus instructi. Racemus laxiflo-
rus, +4 cm. longus, floribus + 4 mm. distantibus. Bractez flores
subtendentes 3 mm. longz, acute, quam pedicellus cum ovario
breviores. Pedicellus cum ovario circiter 5mm. longus, rigidus. Se-
pala lateralia concaviuscula ineequaliter spathulata, obtusa, car-
nosa, circiter 4.5 mm. longa, 2.5 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale erec-
tum, cucullatum, prope apicem subito pronum, obtusum, 4 mm.
altum, 6mm. longum, ad basimattenuatum. Petalaoblongi-ovata,
circiter 3 mm. longa, vix 2 mm. lata. Labellum trilobatum, lobi
laterales prope columnam, triangulares, subacuti, erecti; lobus
medius minutus, incurvatus, triangulus,+1 mm. longus, utro-
que ad basim lobulus minutus. Saccus 5 mm. longus, infra lobum
medium protumidus, prope basim subito constrictus, obtusus,

[ 235 ]

ORCHIDACEAE

intus in pariete postico costa. Gynostemium 1.5 mm. longum,
superne subito dilatatum.

Among Philippine species this is nearest Madlleola constricta.
In habit it resembles JZ. Witteana J.J. Smith & Schltr., with
which species it is closely allied.

Luzon? W.S. Lyon s.n.

3. Malleola Merrilli sp.nov. Caules + 1.5 dm. alta, foliosa. Folia
breviter ligulata, valde coriacea, ad apicem inzqualiter biloba,
lobis obtusis, + 6 cm. longa, +3 cm. lata, imbricata, vaginis per-
sistentibus caulem obtegentibus. Vaginz foliorum arcte adpressz
internodiis longiores, circiter 1.5cm. longe, rigide, ancipite, com-
planatz, in sicco rugosee. Pedunculi oppositifolii, circiter 12 cm.
longi, bracteis infra racemum vaginatis. Bracteze racemi lanceo-
latee, valde acute, +5 mm. longe, leviter deflexz. Flores pur-
purei et flavidi in racemo denso dispositi. Racemus circiter 5 cm.
longus, circiter 2 cm. in diametro. Pedicellus cum ovario circiter
7 mm. longus quam saccus labelli longior. Sepala lateralia vix
5 mm. longa, circiter 4 mm. lata, suborbicularia. Sepalum dorsale
simile, valde concavum. Petala orbicularia, 4mm. longa, 3.5 mm.
lata, uninervia. Labellum calcaratum, leviter trilobatum; lobi lat-
erales minuti, rotundati; lobus medius erectus, leviter incurvus,
ad apicem triangulus, circiter 1 mm. longus, extus leviter cari-
natus. Calcar cylindraceum, obtusum, usque ad 7 mm. longum,
seepe inflatum, ad aperturam constrictum. Gynostemium generis.

I have examined several collections from Luzon which appear
to be referable to this species, but which are much taller, with
longer leaves and freer habit, than the type. It is not unlikely
that the plants found by Merrill on rocks in the open show a
more compact form of growth than plants which grow in the

forest on trees. The spur of the lip is without callosities, septa, or
[ 236 ]

ORCHIDACE#

appendages. The divisions of the rostellum at the base of the
column are acute.

Luzon, Benguet Subprovince, E. D. Merrill 7655, May, 1911, 50 kilo-
meters north of Baguio on rocks of steep open slope, + 2000 feet above
the sea.

94. ROBIQUETIA Gaudich.
This is a small genus with representatives in Amboina, New
Guinea, Celebes, Borneo, Sumatra, Tenasserim, etc.

1. Robiquetia compressa Sch/tr. in Fedde Rep. Beheifte 1:983.
Saccolabium compressum Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1840) Mise. p. 9;
Sert. Orch. t. 32.

The Philippine material which I have referred to Lindley’s
Saccolabium compressum agrees fairly well with that species in
the floral structure, although the vegetative parts are not so
robust as those shown in the plate published in Sertum Orchi-
daceum. In the Lindley Herbarium at the Royal Gardens, Kew,
there is a sketch of a flower which agrees very well with the
details of flowers from Philippine specimens which I have ex-
amined.

Dr. Schlechter has referred Saccolabium compressum to Robi-
quetia, in conformity with the present tendency to dismember
the genus Saccolabium. The sac is free from callosities.

Luzon, MInDANao.

2. Robiquetia spathulata J. J. Smith in Nat. Tijds. v. Ned.-
Ind. 72 : 115 (1912). Cleisostoma spatulata B/. Bijdr. 364; Lind.
Gen. & Sp. Orch. 227; Mig. F1. Ind. Bat. 3 : 682; J.J. Smith Orch.
Jav. 609. Cleisostoma spicatum Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1847) sub t.
32; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3: 682; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 6 :'72, in
Ann. Bot. Gard. Cale. 5 : 55, t. 83; King & Pantling in Ann. Bot.
Gard. Cale. 8 : 232, t. 311. Sarcanthus densiflorus Par. & Reichb.

jf. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 30 : 136. Sarcanthus castaneus Jd/. in
[ 287 ]

ORCHIDACEA

Trans. Linn. Soc. 33:369. Saccolabium densiflorum Lindl. in
Wall. Cat. no. 7311; Gen. & Sp. Orch. 220; in Bot. Reg. 24,
Mise. p. 56. Saccolabium borneense Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron.
(1881) 563.

The bibliography cited above is taken from J. J. Smith’s treat-
ment in Sarcanthus Lindl. und die nichstverwandten Gat-
tungen, published in volume 72 of Natuurkundig Tijdschrift
von Ned.-Indié.

Rohiquetia spathulata is a widely distributed species. Smith
ascribes it toJava, Bangka, Borneo, Sumatra, Hamaheira, Malay
Peninsula, Tenasserim, and the East Indies.

In the Botanical Register (24, Mise. p. 56), under the heading
Saccolabium densiflorum, Lindley wrote as follows: “Among
some Orchidacee, collected in Manila by Mr. Cuming, this plant
has made its appearance, having flowered with Messrs. Loddiges.
It has small, pale, dull brownish-yellow flowers of a very fleshy
consistence. The specimen that flowered was a small one. The
Penang specimens brought home by Dr. Wallich were nearly
two feet high.”

Leyte, Dagami, C. 4. Wenzel 0180, July 15, 1913. Epiphyte in forest
60 meters above sea level. Flower white, red, and yellow.

3. Robiquetia Vanoverberghu sp. nov. Herba epiphytica, usque
ad 5 dm. alta, rigida. Caules superne valde complanati. Folia dis-
ticha, approximata, ligulata, valde coriacea, ad apicem inaequali-
ter et obtuse bilobulata, circiter 1.3 dm. longa, 2.7—3.5 cm. lata,
oblique ascendentia, in sicco longitudinaliter striata, vaginis per-
sistentibus rigidis caulem obtegentibus. Pedunculus foliis longior,
rigidus, prope basim bracteis subfoliaceis, obtusis instructus,
superne ramosus, vel paniculatus, infra inflorescentiam +8 cm.
longus ; rami panicule usque ad 1.5 dm. longi, subdensiflori, saepe
secundiflori. Bractez inflorescentie deflexe, triangulari-lanceo-

[ 238 ]

ORCHIDACE

late, acute, 3 mm. long; bracteze ramos subtendentes +1 cm.
long, acute. Flores mediocres, carnosi, circiter 1 cm. longi. Pedi-
cellus cum ovario 1 cm. longus. Sepala lateralia oblongi-elliptica,
4mm. longa, 2.5 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala cune-
ato-obovata, valde obtusa, circiter 4 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata prope
apicem. Labellum valde carnosum, calcaratum, vix trilobatum;
lobi laterales obsoleti; lobus medius minute triangularis, acutus,
calear elongatum, circiter 5 mm. longum, intus in pariete antico
infra lobum intermedium callo membranaceo donatum. Rostel-
lum in basi gynostemii bipartitum.

In general habit similar to Robiquetia spathulata J. J. Smith,
but very distinct in the construction of the labellum.

Robiquetia Vanoverberghi is a robust plant which is rather
well characterized among its near allies in the Philippines by the
branched inflorescence and candle-snuffer-shaped labellum. The
structure of the column is not unlike that of Robiquetia spathu-
lata, but in dried specimens it is often impossible to study the
finer details of structure, and errors in judgment are to be ex-
pected. There is no posterior callus in the sac.

Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Bauco, Father M. Vanoverbergh 1473, Sep-
tember 12, 1912. On trees. Flower pink and whitish yellow; Vanoverbergh
790, August 23,1910. Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, H. MM. Cur-
ran For. Bur. 5056, August, 1906, and For. Bur. 5055. Mixpanao.

95. SCHCENORCHIS B17.
A small genus of fifteen or more species, natives of Java, Su-
matra, Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Celebes, New Guinea, and the
Philippines. The genus is in part characterized by the elongated
rostellum produced from the base of the column. It is closely
allied with Sarcanthus.

1. Schcenorchis micrantha B/. Bidr. 362. Saccolabium chio-

nanthum Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 3:35. S. perpusillum Hook.
[ 239 ]

ORCHIDACEA

jf. FL Brit. Ind. 6 : 56; Ic. Pl. t. 2129 (A). Gastrochilus chionan-
thus O. K. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 861.

In the Philippine Journal of Science (4: 675 (C) Bot.) I re-
ferred material collected in Luzon by Ramos (Bur. Sci. 3055)
to Saccolabium chionanthum Lindl. Recently, in a review of sev-
eral genera of the Sarcanthine, J. J. Smith assigned numerous
species, which had been retained in Saccolabium, to Lindley’s
genus Sarcanthus. In Blume’s genus Schoenorchis he placed sev-
eral species of Saccolabium that are partly characterized by linear
or terete leaves, among others Saccolabium chionanthum. The
synonymy proposed by Smith is given above.

To Schenorchis micrantha Bl. I refer the following Philip-
pine specimens which I have recently studied:

Leyte, Dagami, C. 4. Wenzel 05, November 8, 1912. On trees at great
height above ground, 60 meters above sea level. Flower odorless, white
and purple. Minpanao, Province of Agusan, Sangayan, Agay ‘Trail,
C. M. Weber 319, December 11, 1911. On prostrate tree, 22 meters
above sea level. Also PaLtawan, Luzon.

2. Scheenorchis mindanaensis sp. nov. Herba pusilla, epiphytica,
usque ad apicem racemi 4 cm. alta. Radices fibrata, minute pu-
bescentes. Caulis abbreviatus, circiter 5 mm. longus. Folia con-
ferta, oblongi-elliptica, 2-3.2 cm. longa, 9-13 mm. lata, coriacea,
patentia, conferta, ad apicem inequaliter bilobata, lobis obtusis,
vaginis caulem obtegentibus. Pedunculus ascendens infra race-
mum. bibracteatus, bracteis cupuliformibus. Bractez inflorescen-
tiae squamiformes, minutz, acuta, 1 mm. long. Pedicellus cum
ovario gracilis, 3 mm. longus. Racemus densiflorus, pyramidalis,
2.5 cm. longus, ad basim circiter 1 cm. in diametro. Flores mem-
branacei. Sepala lateralia lineari-spathulata, obtusa, ad apicem
concaviuscula, extusminute pubescentia, 2.5 mm. longa. Sepalum
dorsale spathulatum, obtusum, concaviusculum, 2 cm. longum,

ad basim valde attenuatum, extus pubescens. Petala oblonga,
[ 240 ]

ORCHIDACEAE

subelliptica, obtusa, vix 2 mm. longa, circiter .75 mm. lata, uni-
nervia. Labellum trilobatum, albidum, saccatum; lobi laterales
obtusi; lobus medius orbicularis, 1 mm. longus, incrassatus. Saccus
1.5 mm. longus, ad apicem inflatus et leviter trilobatus, superne
dilatatus. Gynostemium breve, antice utroque in processum
subulatum productum, superne dilatatum.

The structure of the gynostemium resembles that of Schanor-
chis paniculata Bl. The sac of the labellum is about 1 mm. wide
at the dilated tip; in general outline it is not unlike the sac of
Pomatocalpa spicatum Breda as represented in Ann. Bot. Gard.
Cale. 5: t. 84. The sepals are directed forward. The lateral lobes
of the labellum are erect, rounded, as high as the gynostemium,
and in front form an acute angle where they join the middle lobe.
The middle lobe appears to have been slightly conduplicate when
fresh. The type consists of a single plant. I have not seen any
other material.

Mrinpanao, Province of Agusan, Agusan River, C. M. Weber 155, July
3, 1911. On small tree. Altitude 15 meters. Lower surface of the leaves
purple. Upper sepal and the petals cream color. Sepals showing aslight
tinge of blue, labellum white.

3. Schenorchs philippinensis sp. nov. Aff. Scheenorchis minimi-
floro comb. nov. (Saccolabio minimifloro Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 6:
59; Ic. Pl. t. 2133). Radices elongate, fibrata. Caules abbreviati,
1-2 cm. alti, vaginis foliorum obtecti. Folia conferta, disticha,
rubidio-brunnea, coriacea, 4 cm. longa, 6-13 mm. lata, ad apicem
ineequaliter biloba, elliptico-ligulata, utrinque acuta, racemis elon-
gatis, gracillimis, foliis multoties longioribus, multifloris. Bractez
subulatz, patentes, pedicellos aquantes, 1 mm. longz. Racemus
usque ad 1 dm. longus. Pedunculus infra racemum 1.5-2 em.
longus, pauci-bracteatus. Pedicellus 1 mm. longus, cum ovario

usque ad 2 mm. longus. Flores in racemo, laxo, spicato, dispositi.
[ 241 ]

ORCHIDACEAE

minuti, rubidio-brunnei. Sepala lateralia cum sacco labelli cohz-
rentia, oblongi-triangularia, acuta, 2 mm. longa, circiter .5 mm.
lata, porrecta. Sepalum dorsale oblongum, obtusum, erectum, 1.5
em. longum, 1 mm. latum, ad basim subito attenuatum. Petala
oblonga, subquadrata, obtusa, circiter 1.25 mm. longa, .75 mm.
lata, incurva. Labellum valde saccatum, leviter complanatum,
utriculosum; lobi laterales obsoleti; lobus medius triangulus,
minutus, incurvus, valde acutum, profunde excavatus, sub apicem
pariete antico sacci subtiliter protumido. Saccus obtusus laterali-
ter complanatus, quam ovarium longior. Gynostemium breve;
rostellum in basi gynostemii elongatum, alte bipartitum, laciniis
ad apicem dilatatis. Pollinia 4 in corpuscula 2 subglobosa unita,
stipite lineari 1.5 mm. longo, ad apicem dilatato, glandula magna,
ligulato-oblonga. Anthera valde rostrata.

At first glance this species bears a striking resemblance to
Schanorchis minimifiora (Hook. f.), from which it differs in the
excavated, not terete, middle lobe of the labellum. In comparing
the two species one might almost suppose that the details of the
labellum and rostellum were inaccurately interpreted as illus-
trated in Hooker’s Icones. Hooker’s figure does not show the
attachment of the lateral sepals to the sac of the labellum, nor
does it make clear that the petals are wider than the lateral
sepals. In S. philippinensis the middle lobe of the labellum is
deeply excavated so that the erect point resembles the lip of a
pitcher.

Luzon, Province of Nueva Viscaya, R. C. McGregor Bur. Sci. 20117,Jan-
uary 15, 1913. Mrypanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mary Strong
Clemens 1058 bis. Bukidnon Subprovince, L. Escritor Bur. Sci. 21396,
July, 1913.

4. Scheenorchis Vanoverberghi sp. nov. Aff. S. paniculate Bl.
Herba epiphytica. Radices fibratze, numerose. Caules usque ad

[ 242 ]

ORCHIDACE

1.5 dm. alti, graciles, in sicco 3 mm. in crassitudine, internodiis
5-10 mm. longis, foliosi rigidi. Folia oblongi-ligulata, coriacea,
ad apicem irregulariter tridentata, + 4 cm. longa, in sicco 4mm.
lata, disticha, in sicco rugosa, vaginis persistentibus caulem obte-
gentibus. Vagine arcte adpressz, internodiis aquilonge vel longi-
ores, rugose, usque ad 1 cm. longee. Pedunculi prope summum
caulem orti, pedunculi ascendentes, glabri, bialati. Inflorescentize
paniculatz, usque ad 1 dm. long, ascendentes, bracteis squami-
formibus, munitis. Rami panicule 1.5—6 cm. longi. Flores minuti,
2-4 mm. distantes. Pedicellus cum ovario 2.5-8 mm. longus,
quam bractez squamiformes longior. Sepala lateralia oblonga,
uninervia, 2 mm. longa, vix 1 mm. lata, acuta. Sepalum dor-
sale simile. Petala anguste elliptica, ad apicem truncata, 1.5 mm.
longa, vix .75 mm. lata, uninervia. Labellum saccatum, triloba-
tum, lobis lateralibus subobsoletis, rotundatis, in siceco membra-
naceis, lobo medio carnoso, oblongo, obtuso, circiter 1 mm. longo,
.75 mm. lato, inferne prope apicem incrassato, ad medium callo
transversali. Saccus valde scrotiformis, 1.5 mm. longus, complana-
tus, obtusus, ecallosus. Gynostemium breve, carnosum, .5 mm.
longum, utrinque processu subulato, ascendente.

This is a compact, interesting little species, which produces
from two to three paniculate inflorescences from the axils of the
upper leaves. Fruiting and flowering panicles occur at the same
time, so that the flowering season is apparently a long one. The
lateral lobes of the labellum are distinguishable merely as the
rounded-up sides of the sac, and in some specimens pass im-
perceptibly into the fleshy middle lobe. Plants scarcely 12 cm.
tall from base of stem to tip of inflorescence have been noted
among the specimens that constitute the original collection of
this species. Schenorchis Vanoverberghit is nearly allied to S. pa-

niculata Bl.
[ 243 ]

ORCHIDACE

Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Mather M. Vanoverbergh 3644, September
to November, 1913. Altitude 1750 meters.

96. CAMAROTIS Lind.

1. Camarotis philippinensis Lindi. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 3 : 37. Cf.
Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 438 for full description. Sarcochilus
philippinensis Vidal Rev. Gen. Pl. Vase. Filip. 271, not Ames.

Luzon, LEYTE.

2. Camarotis utriculosa sp.nov. Caules radicantes, + 3dm. longi,
graciles, usque ad 4 mm. in diametro, flexuosi, vaginis foliorum
obtecti. Folia coriacea, patentia, disticha, oblongi-linearia, ad api-
cem ineequaliter biloba, lobis obtusis, usque ad 1 dm. longa, usque
ad 1 em. lata, decurvata, vagine foliorum internodiis zquilonge,
arcte adpresse, 2 cm. longz, in sicco rugosz, ad nodos dilatate.
Pedunculi foliis breviores, vaginas perforantes, 5 cm. longi, rigidi,
infra racemum bracteis tubularibus, 1 mm. longis, oblique trunca-
tis, 3-4. Bractez flores subtendentes rigide, triangulares, squami-
formes, + 1 mm. longz, acutz, quam pedicellus breviores, circi-
ter 1 mm. distantes. Flores purpurei, + 6, pedicellus cum ovario
7 mm. longus. Sepala lateralia inaequaliter obovata, obtusa, cir-
citer 4 mm. longa, vix 3 mm. lata, in sicco membranacea. Sepa-
lum dorsale concaviusculum, oblongi-ellipticum, acutum. Petala
inequaliter oblongi-elliptica, 3 mm. longa, circiter 2 mm. lata,
obtusa. Labellum utriculosum, trilobatum. Lobi laterales erecti,
carnosi, rotundato-quadrati, circiter 2 mm. longi. Lobus medius
1 mm. longus, quam lobi laterales multo minor, semiorbicularis,
obtusus, papilla minuta instructus, prope basim callo erecto, trun-
cato emarginato, antice sulcato. Saccus utriculosus, septatus, ad
apicem bilobatus, 5 mm. longus. Gynostemium 2 mm. longum;
rostellum elongatum, porrectum ut in Camarotibus typicis. Pol-
linia 2, globosa, glandula parva orbiculare, stipite lineari 1.25

mm. longo.
[ 244 ]

ORCHIDACE4

‘Phe septum of the labellum on the posterior wall of the sac,
just above the middle, apparently divides to form a horizontal
quadrate plate of tissue; on the anterior wall of the sac the sep-
tum forms the dividing wall between two compartments which
in front rise as high as the middle of the sac. In habit similar to
Camarotis Manni King & Pantling, but with very different infio-
rescence and labellum. C. sterrophylla J. J. Smith from Celebes
is different from C. utriculosa in the details of the labellum.

Minpanao, District of Cotabato, C. B. Robinson Bur. Sci. 11701, June
27,1910. Altitude 5 meters. Column and base of lip white, otherwise
the flowers are deep purple. Luzon, collector unknown. Described from
specimens flowering in the collection of the Bureau of Science at Manila,
August, 1908. Province of Cavite, 4. R. Ward s. n. Flower rather light
purple. Bloomed in Manila, September, 1913.

97. SARCANTHUS Lindl.

The genus Sarcanthus, as now understood, includes those spe-
cies which bear onthe posterior wall of the spur, just below the col-
umn, a fleshy, variously formed callus, and on the anterior wall
either well-defined calli or conspicuous thickenings. The septum
in the labellum, which has usually served as a distinguishing
trait of Sarcanthus, may be obsolete.

1. Sarcanthus bifidus comb. nov. Saccolabium bifidum Lindi. in
Bot. Reg. 24, Misc. p. 3. Specimens from Leyte which I have re-
ferred to Saccolabium bifidum Lindl. are here described in detail,
as the original description is very brief. Stems rooting, 4-8 cm.
long. Roots fibrous, numerous, elongated. Leaves coriaceous, 5-10
em. long, 1.5-2.7 cm. wide, oblong or elliptical, variable in the
same plant, at the apex unequally bilobed, the sheathing bases
concealing the stem. Peduncle 9-17 cm. long, pendulous, smooth,
longerthan the leaves, with several bracts belowthesmall flowered
raceme. Bracts of the inflorescence triangular-lanceolate, acute,

shorter than the pedicels, scarious, about 3 mm. long. Pedicels
[ 245 ] |

ORCHIDACE

and ovaries smooth, slender, up to 8 mm. long. Lateral sepals ob-
long, subfalcate, obtuse, 3 mm. long, up to 1.5 mm. wide. Upper
sepal elliptic-oblong, slightly concave, obtuse, 2.5 mm. long.
Petals oblong, at the apex attenuated, scarcely acute, about 2
mm. long, 1 mm. wide. Labellum calcarate, three-lobed, middle
lobe triangular at base with a jointed, fleshy, narrowly triangular,
setaceously bifid appendage. Lateral lobes linear, longer than the
gynostemium, erect, obtuse, about 2 mm. long, hardly .5 mm.
wide. Spur about 3 mm. long, near the mouth constricted, pro-
vided with a small fleshy callus on the posterior wall beneath
the column, the tip inflated. Gynostemium fleshy, in front at the
apex two-winged, the wings quadrate. Pollinia two.

In Paxton’s Magazine of Botany (6:262) Saccolabium bifi-
dum is referred to in a brief note. Its habit is said to resemble
that of some species of Notylia, “the manner in which the flowers
are produced, their structure, and exceeding minuteness, being
so far as a hasty glance can determine, in complete accord-
ance with the members of that genus.” Sarcanthus bifidus, of
course, has terete stems and is in structure extremely unlike
any Notylia species, but to one who knows the characteristics
of Notylia the above description in Paxton’s Magazine is worth
many words of technical description to call to mind the aspect
of S. bifidus.

The labellum is not unlike that of Sarcanthus javanicus J. J.
Smith, but the side lobes are oblong and equal the column in
length, and the column appears to be different. There is no sep-
tum in the spur. The affinities of this species are surely with Sar-
canthus, but the structure of the column is that of Robiquetia as
I understand that genus. Undoubtedly there will be much more
confusion in the group to which this species belongs before mat-
ters are simplified, but at the present timethe limits of such genera

[ 246 ]

ORCHIDACE#

as Schoenorchis, Sarcanthus, Robiquetia, and Pomatocalpa are
so obscure that it is sometimes impossible to ascertain to which
one a given species may belong.

To Sarcanthus bifidus 1 refer the following specimens:

Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 0134, March 9, 1913. On trees at medium
height, 60 meters above sea level. Flowers purple, white, and yellow,
odorless. Ormoc, C. A. Wenzel 058, December 30, 1912. Minpanao,
Province of Agusan, Cabadbaran, Butuan Road, C. M. Weber 181,
August 5, 1911. Magugaum, Agusan River, Weber 142, June 12, 1911;
Tagabaca, Weber 138, June 2, 1911. District of Cotabato, Libongan
Creek, Weber 209, August 20, 1911, Weber 204, August 19, 1911.
Luzon, Laguna Province, J..S. Serrato s.n. (Hb. Ames 13662), Septem-
ber, 1912. Minporo.

2. Sarcanthus dealbatus (Lindl.) Reichb..f: in Walp. Ann. 6:
892. Cleisostoma dealbatum Lindi. in Bot. Reg. (1843) Misc. p. 5.
Herba epiphytica. Caules 1.5-4.5 dm. longi, penduli vel arcuati,
internodiis 1.5 cm. longis. Folia linearia, acuta, valde carnosa, in
sicco ut videtur teretia, sed vere plana, elongata, + 2 dm. longa, vix
1 cm. lata, in sicco valde rugosa, ad apicem subulata et fragilis,
vaginis persistentibus caulem obtegentibus. Vagine internodiis
equilonge vel longiores, rugosz, in longitudinem striate, usque
ad 3.5 em. longee. Pedunculi subsimplices vel ramosi, multiflori,
folia equantes vel excedentes, +1.5 dm. longi, graciles, glabri,
infra racemum pauci-bracteati, bracteis tubularibus, obliquetrun-
catis. Racemi usque ad 1 dm. longi, laxiflori, sepius ramis alter-
nis. Flores mediocres e basi sacci usque ad apicem sepali dorsalis
vix 1 cm. longi. Bractez inflorescentiz minute acute. Pedicellus
cum ovario circiter 4 mm. longus. Sepala lateralia spathulata,
obtusa, vix 4mm. longa, prope apicem 2 mm. lata. Sepalum dor-
sale subsimile, acuta. Petala oblonga, leviter falcata, subacuta,
3 mm. longa, 1.5 mm. lata. Labellum crassum, trilobatum, cal-
caratum, basi margine postico loborum lateralium pedi gyno-

[ 247 ]

ORCHIDACEA

stemii brevissime adnatum; lobi laterales oblique triangulares,
acuminati, quam lobus medius minores, erecti; lobus medius
incrassatus triangularis, concaviusculus, valde acutus, incurvus,
circiter 2 mm. longus. Calcar obconicum, 4 mm. longum, subacu-
tum, leviter bilobum, septatum, callo conspicuo carnoso bilobo
in pariete postico. Gynostemium 1.5 mm. longum; stipes linearis
circiter 1 mm. longus.

Allied with Sarcanthus subulatus Reichb. f. What appears to
be the same species comes from Palawan (C. M. Weber 602). In
the dried state the leaves of the specimens collected by Weber
are uniformly flat and lack the terete aspect which is possessed
by some of the dried specimens I have examined. In both series
of specimens the leaves are more or less subulate, and fragile,
near the tip. The sac of the lip is not unlike that of S. subulatus
Reichb. f. from Java.

A very characteristic representation of this species appeared
on plate 103, fig. 14, of Petiver’s Gazophylacium. This figure was
taken from one of the Camelli specimens described in the third
volume of Ray’s Historia Plantarum.

For a sketch of Lindley’s type at Kew I am indebted to Sir
David Prain. This sketch leaves no room for doubt regarding
the species Lindley described under Clezsostoma dealbatum in the
Botanical Register of 1843. A colored sketch of a single flower
shows the sepals and petals yellow stained with a brownish-red
color, and the labellum white, tinged with pale magenta on the
front.

Leyte, Dagami, C. 4. Wenzel 021, October 25, 1912. On trees of me-
dium height. Altitude 60 meters. Flower odorless, purple, white, yellow,
and brown. Luzon, Patawan, MInpDANao.

3. Sarcanthus micranthus sp. nov. Herba epiphytica circiter 3

dm. alta, subpendula. Caulis + 5 cm. in diametro, superne leviter
[ 248 ]

ORCHIDACEA

complanatus. Folia disticha, valde coriacea, + 1 dm. longa, usque
ad 2 cm. lata, ad apicem inzequaliter bilobata, ligulata, linearia vel
anguste lanceolata. Vagine foliorum arcte adpressa, internodiis
equilongis, caulem obtectz, +2 cm. longe. Inflorescentize oppo-
sitifolia, + 1.5 dm. longe, rigide, paniculate. Pedunculus+8 cm.
longus, circiter 2 mm. in diametro, ascendens, folia zquantes vel
excedentes, rami panicule + 4 cm. longi, multiflori. Bractez inflo-
rescentiz rigid, squamiformes, acute, circiter 1 mm. longe. Se-
pala lateralia leviter carinata, oblonga, obtusa, margine involuto,
ad apicem cucullata, 3 mm. longa, circiter 1.5 mm. lata. Sepalum
dorsale simile. Petala spathulato-lanceolata, subacuta, vix 3mm.
longa, circiter 1 mm. lata supra medium. Labellum trilobatum,
lobi laterales triangulares, erecti, valde acuti; lobus medius ro-
tundato-triangularis, obtusus, carnosus, latior quam longior, cir-
citer 1 mm. longus. Saccus scrotiformis, valde obtusus, 2.5 mm.
longus, intus in pariete antico bicallosum, in pariete postico
callus bilobus in fauce sacci; septatus, septo in carinam reducto.
Gynostemium carnosum, breve, pede subobsoleto. Pollinia 4, in
corpuscula 2 unita.

Sarcanthus micranthus is related to S. paniculatus J. J. Smith,
and to S. racemifer Reichb. f. The habit of 8. micranthus is more
slender, however, and the smaller flowers are in fewer branched
panicles than in |S. racemifer.

The callus on the posterior wall of the sac is scale-like and
retuse rather than bilobed. The calli on the anterior wall near the
base of the middle lobe are fleshy and somewhat elongated. On
the middle of the lobe itself there are two folds of tissue which
are diagonally situated, and which converge, but do not unite, near
the tip of the middle lobe. The septum at the base of the sac is
very weakly developed. In several flowers examined the calli of

the sac were almost absent.
[ 249 ]

ORCHIDACE

Elmer’s 9244 from Taybas Province, Luzon, which is repre-
sented in my herbarium by a specimen in fruit, is a duplicate of
material referred tentatively by Dr. R. Schlechter to S. striolatus
Reichb. f. This specimen appears to belong to S. mzcranthus.

Leyte, Jaro, C. 4. Wenzel 0181, September 19, 1913. Epiphyte in for-
est, 60 meters above sea level. Flower green and white. Bastian, Luzon,
Minpanao.

4. Sarcanthus pachyphyllus sp. nov. Herba valida, 5 dm. alta.
Caules 3 cm. in diametro. Folia rigida, carnosa, falcata, ad apicem
inequaliter bilobata, lobis obtusis, + 4 dm. longa, circiter 4 mm.
lata (in sicco conduplicata), valde rugosa, disticha. Flores inodori,
sordido-albidi, inmaturitate flavidi. Inflorescentia paniculata, mul-
tiflora, floribus confertis, circiter 4 dm. alta. Pedunculus rigidus
4 mm. in diametro, bracteatus, bracteis cupuliformibus, 3 mm.
longis, vaginatis. Bracteae inflorescentiaze squamiformes, triangu-
lares, acute, circiter 1 mm. longze. Pedicellus cum ovario circiter
4 mm. longus. Sepala lateralia inzequaliter elliptica extus leviter
carinata, 4 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata, carnosa, subacuta. Sepalum
dorsale concavum, ellipticum, obtusum. Petala oblongi-elliptica,
obtusa, 4 mm. longa, vix 2 mm. lata, carnosa. Labellum triloba-
tum, lobi laterales triangulares, acuti; lobus medius rotundato-
sagittatus, 2 mm. longus, 3.5 mm. latus, verrucosus, ad basim
utrinque callo tuberculato, pubescente, ornatus. Saccus 3 mm.
longus, obtusus, in pariete postico lamella subquadrata, carnosa,
1.75 mm. longa, circiter 1 mm. alta, ad apicem truncata, minute
pubescens. Gynostemium carnosum, 1.5 mm. longum.

The laterally flattened callus on the posterior wall of the sac
of the labellum is situated just below the column and reaches
across the opening of the sac nearly to the base of the mid-lobe.
The calli on the anterior wall are decurrent on the lateral lobes,

and appear to be connected by a thickening of the tissues at the
[ 250 ]

ORCHIDACE#

base of the middle lobe. This thickened area forms a lip or cres-
cent-shaped ridge which is depressed over the opening to the sac.
There is no septum in the sac.
Luzon, Albay Province, slopes of Mayon Volcano, W. Schultze s. n.
Flowering in Manila, May, 1912. Lip pale purple at anthesis, soon turn-
ing brown. Rizal Province, W. S. Lyon 65. Labellum amethystine purple.
5. Sarcanthus ringens J. J. Smith in Nat. Tidjs. von Ned.-Ind.
72:93. Cleisostoma ringens Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. (1888) 2:
724. “Foliis ligulatis apice bilobis brevibus, valde cartilagineis
racemo paucifloro, secundifloro; sepalis ligulatis obtusa acutis;
tepalis lanceis acutis, labelli calcari amplo apice retuso nunc
emarginato, callo carnoso sub columna basi sub columna utrin-
que retrorsum unicruris, cruribus calcaris apice spectalibus, apice
versus calcaris apicem emarginato, septo Sarcanthideo procal-
cari; columna gracilis. Ex insulis Philippinis.” Reichb. f. Zc. I
only know this from the description. It is said to have been im-
ported with Phalenopsis Sanderiana. Leaves 3 to 4 inches long,
14 inches wide. The purple peduncle bears very few flowers,
which are the size of those of Phalaenopsis Parishi Reichb. f.
The stalked ovaries were described as light ochre-yellow. Sepals
and petals ochre-yellow. Mid-lobe of the labellum purple.

6. Sarcanthus sagittatus (B/.) J. J. Smith Orch. Jav. 607. Clei-
sostoma sagittata Bl. Bijdr. 363, f. 27.

Among the Philippine species of Sarcanthus, S. sagittatus is
characterized by the sagittate terminal lobe of the labellum, by
the fleshy hammer-head shaped callus which closes the opening
to the cylindrical obtuse sac, and by the nearly obsolete septum.
S. sagittatus is a native of Java. The lateral lobes of the lip of
the Philippine specimens are not so acute as the lateral lobes
in J. J. Smith’s figure published in the volume of plates which
illustrate his Die Orchideen von Java.

[ 251 ]

ORCHIDACE
Patawan, Alfonso XIII, C. M@. Weber 601, October 1, 1912. On man-

grove trees, at sea level. Flower brown-green. Labellum pink.
Also Java.

7. Sarcanthus striolatus Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. (1882) 2:
168. “Aff. Sarcantho racemigero (pallido, tricolori); foliis ligu-
latis sat brevibus apice obtuse et inequaliter bilobis; floribus
paniculatis; sepalis oblongo-triangulis obtuse acutis; tepalis
ligulatis obtuse acutis, labelli partitionibus lateralibus triangu-
lis, partitione mediana triangula transversa carnosissima, calcari
equaliter cylindrato apice emarginato.— Ex Philipp. ins. Imp.
hort. cl. Low.” Reichb. f. Zc. In my herbarium there is a speci-
men in fruit, Elmer 8244, from Luzon. Schlechter has referred
this number tentatively to S. striolatus. This appears to be con-
specific with Sarcanthus micranthus Ames.

Mrinpanao ? Luzon ?

8. Sarcanthus Weberi sp. nov. Herba epiphytica, + 1.5 dm. alta,
gracilis. Folia alterna, subteretia, coriacea, acuta, in sicco longitu-
dinaliter sulcata, + 5.5 cm. longa, in sicco 2 mm. in diametro. Va-
gine foliorum caulem obtectz, vix 1 cm. longe, arcte adpressz.
Pedunculus folia excedens, circiter 1.2 dm. longus, ascendens, ri-
gidus. Racemus laxiflorus, circiter 9 cm. longus. Bractez inflores-
centize squamiformes, pedicello multo breviores. Pedicellus cum
ovario circiter 9 mm. longus. Flores mediocres, carnosi. Sepala
lateralia ovato-oblonga, obtusa, 3.5 mm. longa, 2 mm. lata. Se-
palum dorsale concavum, ellipticum, obtusum, oblique erectum,
circiter 3 mm. longum. Petala spathulata, obtusa, 2.5-3 mm.
longa, circiter 1.5 mm. lata. Labellum rigidum, carnosum, calcara-
tum, basi margine postico loborum lateralium pedi gynostemii
adnatum, trilobatum, lobi laterales erecti, triangulares, obtusi,
minuti, .5 mm. longi; lobus medius quam lobi laterales multo
major, 2mm. longus, minute puberulus, triangulari-cymbiformis,

[ 252 ]

ORCHIDACE

ad apicem breviter reflexus, truncatus, inferne incrassatus, superne
ad basim inter lobos laterales callosus, callo papillari. Saccus scro-
tiformis 2 mm. longus. Totum labellum circiter 5 mm. longum,
intus, ad faucem calcaris, puberulus, callo conspicuo, puberulo,
subpanduriformi in pariete postico, prope pedem gynostemil, ad
basim calcaris, septatum. Gynostemium minute puberulum.

Mrinpanao, District of Davao, C. M. Weber 252, September 7, 1911.
Epiphyte on mangrove trees in tidal swamp. Sepals brownish green, the
upper one with a median purple stripe, petals similar, labellum pink.
District of Cotabato, H. N. Whitford For. Bur. 11825, March, 1912.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Ff. W. Foxworthy Bur. Sci. 5607, August,
1908.

98. POMATOCALPA Breda

A number of species which have been referred by authors to
Cleisostoma or Saccolabium belong to the genus Pomatocalpa
Breda.

Cleisostoma chrysochilum Krinzl. in Fedde Rep. 8 : 545 is un-
known to me. From the description J.J. Smith is inclined to
believe that it belongs to Trichoglottis. Krinzlin cites Pomato-
calpa bicolor as a near ally. Cleisostoma ionosmum Lindl. is Tri-
choglottis ionosma J. J. Smith. Cletsostoma rosea Lindl. in Bot.
Reg. 24: Misc. p. 80 (1838), from a sketch of the type in my her-
barium, appears to belong to Trichoglottis. Cletsostoma subvio-
laceum Reichb. f. in Bonplandia 10 : 335 (1882) is unknown to
me. ‘‘ Pedunculo fractiflexo, paucifloro, parvifloro ; bracteis navi-
cularibus ovariis pedicellatis brevioribus; labelli auriculis trian-
gulis apice inflexis retusis, lamina ovali apiculata, lineis gemi-
nis confluentibus a basi in discum, inter se velutinis, dente lineari
subulato antice sulcato sub fovea elongato, androclinio obliquo
apice in rostellum prono.” Reichb. f. /. c. Cleisostoma vitellinum
Reichb. f. in Linnea 41:76 is unknown to me. “ Racemo elongato

decurvo, bracteis setaceis decurvis ovaria pedicellata superanti-
[ 253 ]

ORCHIDACE

bus, sepalis tepalisque ligulatis obtuse acutiusculis, labelli laciniis
lateralibus retusis, inter se callo lineari connexis, supra basim
laciniz mediz transverse ovate apiculate, callo tabulari pos-
tice in ostio calcaris subglobosi ovario brevioris. — Rhachis viridis
guttis atropurpureis multis. Flores vitellini.

“Ex insulis Philippinis introductam vivam misit dom. Berring-
ton.” Reichb. f. d. c.

1. Pomatocalpa bicolor J. J. Smith in Nat. Tijds. von Ned.-
Ind. 72: 104.

Necros, Luzon, Minpanao, Leyte, Patawan, Bonot.

2. Pomatocalpa expansum J. J. Smith in Nat. Tijds. von Ned.-
Ind. 72 : 104. Merrill’s 589, which Schlechter referred to Cleisos-
toma densum Ridl.? in Perkins’ Fragmenta Flore Philippine,
belongs here.

Minpanao, Leyte, Luzon, Parawan.
3. Pomatocalpa Kunstleri J. J. Smith in Nat. Tijds. von Ned.-
Ind. 72:105. Cleisostoma Kunstleri Hook. f. Ic. Pl. t. 2335.

Necros, PoLtLio.
Also Perak.

4. Pomatocalpa latifolium (Lindl.) J. J. Smith in Nat. Tijds.
von Ned.-Ind.72 :106. Cleisostoma latifolium Lind. in Bot. Reg.
26: Mise. p. 60. J. J. Smith in the volume of plates which illus-
trates Die Orchideen von Java gives details of the flower which
are in almost perfect agreement with the flower of W eber’s plant
from Palawan.

Patawan, Alfonzo XIII, C. M. Weber 600, October 1, 1912. On man-
grove trees. Flowers brown-purple, labellum yellow. Minpanao, Luzon ?

Also Java.

99. TRICHOGLOTTIS Bi.
1. Trichoglottis atropurpurea Reichb. f- in Linnea 41 : 30.

[ 254 ]

ORCHIDACEA

“*Humilis, foliis oblongis apice obtusis apiculatis, abbreviatis
(pollicaribus) ;’ floribus axillaribus solitariis, sepalis tepalisque
oblongis acutis, labello basi utrinque obtuse triangulo auriculato,
lamina planiuscula medio trifida, laciniis lateralibus ligulatis re-
tusis antrorsis, lacinia media oblonga acuminata, carina pellita
retrorsum bicruri per discum.

“‘Habeo flores siccos et iconem pictam, juxta quam que signis
inclusa sunt descripta. Sepala et tepala atropurpurea. Columna
et labellum late purpurea. Carina albo pellita.

“‘Philippinens. insulz.” Reichb. f. /. c.

2. Trichoglottis bataanensis 4mes OrncHIDACEE 1:105. With
a specimen of this species in my herbarium I find the follow-
ing note, made at Kew and at the British Museum of Natural
History: “Like Cuming 2050. 7. rigida at Brit. Mus.”

Luzon, PaLtawan.

3. Trichoglottis flexuosa Rolfe ex Ames in Ames OrcHIDA-
CE 1: 107.

Panay, Luzon, Minpanao, Bouot.

4. Trichoglottis ionosma J. J. Smith Nat. Tijds. von Ned.-Ind.
72: 109. Cleisostoma ionosmum Lindi. in Bot. Reg. (1847) t. 41.

Luzon.

5. Trichoglottis latisepala Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4: 675.

Lumpucan, PaLtawan, Luzon, MInpanao.

6. Tricoglottis luxonensis sp. nov. Radices valid, elongate,
glabra. Caulis abbreviatus, circiter 6 cm. longus, complanatus,
validus, quinquefoliatus. Folia disticha, conferta, imbricata, lorata,
ad apicem inequaliter obtuse biloba, usque ad 2 dm. longa,
2.7-3.2 cm. lata, coriacea, patentia, ad basim leviter attenuata,
in sicco nervosa, quam pedunculus breviora. Pedunculus vaginam
perforans, 8.4 dm. longus, rigidus, circiter 4 mm. in diametro,

[ 255 ]

ORCHIDACEA

glabrus, erectus. Inflorescentia paniculata, 14-flora, rami 3-5 cm.
longi, 3—4 flori. Pedicellus cum ovario 14 mm. longus, rigidus,
glabrus. Bractez inflorescentize squamiformes breves, bractez
caulis tubulares, 2 mm. longe. Flores usque ad 3.2 cm. in dia-
metro, carnosi. Sepala lateralia unguiculato-spathulata, obtusa,
circiter 1.6 cm. longa, 7 mm. lata supra medium, in sicco promi-
nente nervosa. Sepalum dorsale spathulatum, obtusum, 1.8 cm.
longum, circiter 6 mm. latum supra medium, ad basim attenu-
atum. Petala simile. Labellum trilobatum, leviter saccatum, 1.2
em. longum, pubescens; lobi laterales erecti, triangulares, 4 mm.
alti, subacuti, carnosi, intus et extus minute pubescentes; lobus
medius carnosus, rigidus, oblongus,7 mm. longus, dense setigerus,
extus prominente carinatus, prope basim callo papilliformi. Li-
gula carnosa obtusa vel truncata, minute pubescens ante foveam.
Calcar brevissimum 2 mm. longum, obtusum, pubescens. Gyno-
stemium 5 mm. longum, dense pubescens. Anthera cucullata
dense pubescens. Pollinia 4, in globulos 2 unita, inaequalia.

In habit somewhat similar to T72choglottis tonosma (Lindl.)
J.J.Smith. The type consists of a single specimen, which does not
show any tendency toward the production of an elongated stem.
The labellum suggests the labellum of 7°. pantherina J. J. Smith.
At the base of the bristly middle lobe is a slight depression of
the dise in which there is a small papilla-like callus, just as in
T. ionosma. The structure of the labellum and the larger flowers
serve to distinguish 7. /wzonensis from 7. zonosma, its nearest
ally in the Philippines. The loosely paniculate inflorescence is
generically interesting.

In my herbarium there is a specimen from Agusan Province,
Mindanao, collected by C. M. Weber (103), which I assume may
be conspecific with 7’. /wzonensis. It is a specimen in fruit, but

[ 256 ]

ORCHIDACE#

the remains of one flower show a labellum similar to that of
T’. luzonensis. Should my assumption prove correct, the descrip-
tion of the type would need modification, as Weber’s specimen
has an elongated stem with the leaves 2-3 cm. apart.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Baler, L. Escritor Bur. Sci. 21199, June
26, 1913.
7. Trichoglottis mindanaensis_4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 439.

Luzon, Minpawnao.
8. Trichoglottis Solerederi K7vdnz/. in Fedde Rep. 8 : 98.

9. Trichoglottis Wenzelii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8: 440.
T. retusa Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4:676, not Bi.

Leyte, Minpanao, Luzon, Necros, BasI.an.

100. MICROSACCUS B61.

1. Microsaccus Wenzel sp. nov. Planta pusilla, epiphytica. Ra-
dices in basi caulium. Caules dependentes (7) usque ad 1 dm. alti,
circiter 3 mm. in crassitudine, cum foliis usque ad 4 cm. lati,
vaginis foliorum persistentibus obtegentibus; internodia brevia
vaginis omnino tecta, 3 mm. longa. Folia biseriata, patentissima,
equitantia, crasse carnosa, lateraliter compressa, oblonga a latere
visa, dorso et apice acutangula, obtusa sed e basi sensim angus-
tata, in sicco valde rugosa, usque ad 2 cm. longa, circiter 5 mm.
alta,supra canaliculata. Inflorescentiz axillares, brevissime, 1 (—2)
floree. Pedunculus folii vaginis equilongus. Bractez ovate vel or-
biculares, valde concave, extus leviter carinate, membranacee,
usque ad 5 mm. longe. Flores parvi, albi. Sepala lateralia, leviter
falcata, obtusa, extus, prope apicem, carinata, trinervia, vix 5mm.
longa, 2 mm. lata. Sepalum dorsale sepalis lateralibus minus, ad
apicem cucullatum et incrassatum vel carinatum, 4mm. longum,
1.5 mm. latum, trinervium. Petala oblongi-lanceolata, uniner-
via, obtusa, 3 mm. longa, 1 mm. lata. Labellum calcaratum, sub-

[ 257 ]

ORCHIDACE

spathulatum vel cuneato-obovatum, ad apicem obscure triloba-
tum, in disco bicallosum. Lamina incrassata cum caleari 7 mm.
longa, ad apicem 3 mm. lata. Calcar circiter 2 mm. longum, scro-
tiforme, emarginatum. Gynostemium brevissimum. Fructus 7
mm. longus.

Microsaccus Wenzelii is closely related to M. brevifolius J. J.
Smith, from which it differs in habit and in the form of the
sepals and petals. Where the column unites with the labellum
in front there are two thickenings on the disc at the entrance to
the saccate spur. Microsaccus Wenzeli is the first species of its
genus recorded as a native of the Philippine Islands.

Leytr, Dagami, C. 4. Wenzel 029, October 25, 1912. On trunks and
branches of trees, 60 meters above sea level. Flowers with violet odor,
pure white.
101. TENIOPHYLLUM Bi.
1. Tzniophyllum compactum 4 mes ORCHIDACE 2: 243. Micro-
tatorchis compacta (Ames) Schitr. in Fedde Rep. 10: 209.
Luzon.
2. Tzniophyllum Copelandii 4 mes in Phil. Journ. Sci. 8 : 436.
Minpanao.
3. Teniophyllum Elmeri Ames in Elmer's Leaflets of Phil.
Bot. 5: 1589.
NEGROs.
4, Teniophyllum Merrillii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. 6 : 56.
Luzon.
5. Teniophyllum philippinense Reichb. f. Otia bot. Hamb. 53.

Leyte, Minpanao, Luzon, Patawan.

[ 258 ]

SUMMARY OF NEW SPECIES

NEW COMBINATIONS AND NEW NAMES PROPOSED IN THE
PRESENT VOLUME

NEW PHILIPPINE SPECIES
Habenaria Vanoverberghii, 15; H. Zephyrica, LG:

ADDENDUM

Vanda clitellaria Reichb. f. in Flora 55 : 277. Reichenbach de-
scribed this species from material collected by the Wilkes Expe-
dition. The source of the type is given as Mangs Islands. Mr.
Elmer D. Merrill writes that Mangs is a misprint for Mangsi
or Mangsee, small islands in the Sulu Sea not far from Balabac.
The locality from which V’. clitellaria was obtained is written
Mangsi on the original label that accompanies the Wilkes spe-
cimen preserved in the Gray Herbarium. V’. chtellaria is closely
allied to V. lamellata Lindl., and is perhaps only a form of it.

Manes! Istanps. Wilkes Expedition.

Dendrobium cabadbarense, 117; D. chrysographatum, 119; D. Escritorii,
123: D. Eurorum, 124; D. interjectum, 125; D. leytense, 126; D. multira-
mosum, 129; D. pristinum, 133; D. pseudoconvexum, 135; D. purpureo-
stelidium, 136; D. topaziacum, 140; D. unicorne, 140; D. Usterioides, 142;
D. Wenzelii, 144; D. zamboangense, 145.

Eria dagamensis, 147; E. jarensis, 150; E. lagunensis, 150; E. maquilingen-

[ 259 ]

ORCHIDACEE

spathulatum vel cuneato-obovatum, ad apicem obscure triloba-
tum, in disco bicallosum. Lamina incrassata cum caleari 7 mm.
longa, ad apicem 3 mm. lata. Calear circiter 2 mm. longum, secro-
tiforme, emarginatum. Gynostemium brevissimum. F ructus 7

mm. longus.

Microsaccus Wenzelii is closely related to M. brevifolius J.J.

4AuUU LUN.

5. Teniophyllum philippinense Reichd. J: Otia bot. Hamb. 53.

Leyte, Minpanao, Luzon, Patawan.

[ 258 ]

SUMMARY OF NEW SPECIES

NEW COMBINATIONS AND NEW NAMES PROPOSED IN THE
PRESENT VOLUME

NEW PHILIPPINE SPECIES

Habenaria Vanoverberghii, 15; H. Zephyrica, 16.

Didymoplexis philippinensis, 24.

Goodyera luzonensis, 26.

Erythrodes vrydagzynoides, 29; E. Weberi, 30; E. Wenzelii, 31.

Cystorchis luzonensis, 33.

Cystopus mindanaensis, 34; C. philippinensis, 35.

Adenostylis leytensis, 39; A. Weberi, 40; A. Wenzelii, 41.

Vrydagzynea Weberi, 42.

Heteria Blackii, 43; H. lancifolium, 44; H. mindanaensis, 45; H. Wenzelii,
46.

Ceelogyne confusa, 49; C. palawanense, 51; C. Vanoverberghii, 53.

Dendrochilum irigense, 58; D. quadrilobum, 61; D. reniforme, 63; D. Wen-

~ gelii, 65.

Malaxis davaensis, 69.

Oberonia basilanensis, 72; O. luzonensis, 74; O. minima, 75; O. obesa, 76;
O. Wenzelii, 77.

Liparis leytensis, 80; L. Wenzelii, 84.

Agrostophyllum Wenzelii, 88.

Phajus Lyonii, 94.

Calanthe maquilingense, 97.

Spathoglottis Kimballiana var. angustifolia, 99.

Plocoglottis Wenzelii, 101.

Eulophia Merrillii, 104.

Dendrobium cabadbarense, 117; D. chrysographatum, 119; D. Escritorii,
123; D. Eurorum, 124; D. interjectum, 125; D. leytense, 126; D. multira-
mosum, 129; D. pristinum, 133; D. pseudoconvexum, 135; D. purpureo-
stelidium, 136; D. topaziacum, 140; D. unicorne, 140; D. Usterioides, 142;
D. Wenzelii, 144; D. zamboangense, 145.

Eria dagamensis, 147; E. jarensis, 150; E. lagunensis, 150; E. maquilingen-

[ 259 ]

ORCHIDACEA

sis, 152; E. McGregorii, 153; E. perspicabilis, 156; E. puguahaanensis, 157;
FE. senilis, 159; E. zamboangensis, 160.

Bulbophyllum ezstivale, 164; B. baucoense, 166; B. chrysendetum, 169; B.
dagamense, 170; B. deceptum, 171; B. Doryphoroide, 172; B. Escritorii,
174; B. graciliscapum Ames & Rolfe, 175; B. lancilabium, 176; B. Leibergii
Ames & Rolfe, 177; B. Levanz, 178; B. leytense, 178; B. maculosum, 180;
B. monstrabile, 182; B. plumatum, 184; B. puguahaanense, 185; B. San-
tosil, 186; B. sapphirinum, 187; B. sensile, 188 ; B. simulacrum, 189; B. stra-
mineum, 190.

Octarrhena gemmifera, 193.

Phreatia Wenzelii, 196.

Chamezanthus Wenzelii, 200.

Thrixspermum agusanense, 201; 'T. bicristatum, 202; T. elongatum, 203;
T. linearifolium, 205 ;'T. quinquelobum, 206; 'T. Robinsonii, 207; 'T. ros-
tratum, 208; 'T. Wenzelii, 209.

Sarcochilus leytensis, 211; S. longicalcarus Ames & Rolfe, 212; 5. Merrillii,
213; S. palawanensis, 214.

Arachnis Lyonii, 221.

Vandopsis leytensis, 222.

Renanthera monachica, 224.

Saccolabium Escritorii, 227; S. Loheri, 228; S. Vanoverberghii, 230.
Gastrochilus philippinensis, 231.

Omeea philippinensis, 232.

Malleola constricta, 234; M. Lyonii, 235; M. Merrillii, 236.
Robiquetia Vanoverberghii, 238.

Scheenorchis mindanaensis, 240; S. philippinensis, 241; S. Vanoverberghii,
242,

Camarotis utriculosa, 244,

Sarcanthus micranthus, 248; S. pachyphyllus, 250; S. Weberi, 252.
Trichoglottis luzonensis, 255.

Microsaccus Wenzelii, 257.

[ 260 ]

ORCHIDACE

NEW COMBINATIONS AND NEW NAMES OF PHILIPPINE
ORCHIDS

Habenaria Amesiana (Schitr.), 12.

Kuhlhasseltia Whiteheadi (Rendle), 32.

Corymborchis confusa, 48.

Malaxis philippinensis (Krdnzi.), 71.

Liparis Clemensiz, 79; L. dumaguetensis, 80; L. fragilis, 80; L. halconensis,
80; L. linearifolia, 81; L. Lyonii, 81; L. nutans, 81.

Agrostophyllum mindanaense, 88.

Chilopogon Merrillii, 91.

Phajus Ramosii, 96.

Eulophia stricta (Presl), 103.

Dendrobium stella sylve, 139.

Octarrhena caulescens, 192; O. Elmeri, 192.

Sarcochilus McGregorii, 213; S. mindanaensis, 214; S. philippinensis, 215.

Sarcanthus bifidus (Lind/.), 245.

NEW COMBINATIONS BASED ON EXTRA-LIMITAL
SPECIES

Erythrodes polygonata (Ames), 28; E. purpurea (Ames), 28; E. secunda
(Ames), 28; E. venustula (Ames), 28; E. longicornu (Cogn.), 28; E. picta
(Lindl.), 29; E. querceticola (Lindl.), 29; E. Sagreana (4. Rich.), 29; E.
vaginata (Hook. f-:), 29.

Malaxis sagittata (J. J. Smith), 68; M. tubulosa (J. J. Smith), 68; M. rhi-
noceros (J. J. Smith), 68; M. Junghuhnii (J. J. Smith), 70; M. sordida
(J. J. Smith), 70.

Scheenorchis minimiflora (Hook. f-), 241.

[ 261 ]

; kha gy eae tee war her
ie y “ . “> Ph oii.2 we en) hy : ‘ rt )
a | CRaenarieatonn’ om ve ; Pls Mioy

j ie | ; ean liiiem vee ‘ , is t ee 4 aah LP aan atte ‘A War

7 Pay , ‘AJ ‘i a i an ' my P ay r

OW geting ty \ kcal ; *Aete® ven Wa

as SERA istinl) jaay wet \ PU, deat

| Y, praesttt bls iar Saas

. * a

ait A ‘Cl

“he pee oe oe Ale oe v7 matey se CA ie) a a in aS a

;

' are A é ie

eT EI ie ;

1 I Shs We ke MN eS v7 iv
' : . y v : - I

itte i
ie r ere ivi ® ade re
4 we faye ip Da ay
Hg stron Mr eri ’ eae UTR Ga) >
oT ’ hs Mi ~~ ay is ys! ake eo uy 4 ul ion v4 r fall iy vile. 5 i! ieee

oF aie Be ie Lah we: i ,: pina: ae Ai pees ie
aby wy ee ta ; oe 4 :

ae ee yey ee ea A
By nee | ave, 00 APT, Meares} iianit) Pe ghee

A \
| eee eae Hed al, Aa an:
=e
Lett iy | 7 }
. ;
és y »¥ r)
a
ai? “a
ae
7 jf
‘ se ;
ay, a
aA a 7 h
yan ; ¢ L Y 4
ate * : Rich mt
1) oe ? ‘9

at ey a \, ' eish Pieter My ape wy a fa aes hy ig
Senet On me stom ett ee an RM ae Sh Sel rug

THE

Cast India
Islands

* we)

a
8)
(f UBugsur te
Balabac £ 5

125°

Babuyanes Is,

ae

15)

a le i” —
ae oe ‘ - :
: 7 _ i

INDEX

4)
haat
wh Tite

eee helt

INDEX

TO GENERA, SYNONYMY, AND EXTRA-LIMITAL SPECIES*

AcANTHOoPH!PPIUM Bi/., 93
Aceras angustifolia Lindl., 12
Acriopsis Reinw., 196
philippinensis Ames, 197
Adenostyles Cass, 37
Apenostyuis Bi., 37
AéripEs Lour., 218
acuminatissimum Lindl., 20
pusillum Lindl., 210
suavissimum Lindl., 219
AGROSTOPHYLLUM Bi., 87
celebicum Schltr., 87
glumaceum Hook. f., 89

pelorioides Ames not Schltr., 88

stipulatum Schltr., 87

trifidum Schltr., 87
Aneracum Bory, 226
Anectocui.us Bl., 36

Roxburghii Lindl., 36

setaceus Bl., 36
ApuHYLLorcuis B/., 22
Aporum incrassatum Brong., 116
AppenpDicuLa Bi., 91

celebica Schltr., 92

elongata Ridl., 87

frutex Ridl., 93

fruticosa Ames, 93

graminifolia T. & B., 87

Hasseltii Bl., 87
Aracunis Bl., 221

breviscapa J. J. Smith, 222
Arethusa glutinosa Blanco, 102
Arundina BL., ix, 6.
AscocentTruM Schitr., 233

* Philippine species in good standing are not indexed, as they are arranged alphabetically

[ 265 ]

under their genera.

Ascotarnia Ridl., 99
Hookeriana Ridl., 99
penangiana Ridl., 99

Bletia stricta Presl, 103

Bontia luzonica, 118

Bromheadia Lindl., ix, 6

Butsopuyittum Thou., 161
anguipes Schltr., 162
Collettii King & Pantling, 185
cuspidilingue Reichb. f., 167
elatius Ridl., 172
gigas Ridl., 173
laxiflora Lindl., 180
mandibulare Reichb. f., 183
maxillare Reichb. f., 167
multiflorum Krinzl., 169
myrianthum Schltr., 185
Napelli Lindl., 166
nutans Reichb. f., 183
ornatissimum Lindl., 185
penicillium Par. & Reichb. f.,

162
sceptrum Reichb. f., 173
uniflorum Hassk., 171

CatanTueE R. Br., 96
furcata Batem., 98
gracilis Lindl., 96
lilacina Loher, 96
mexicana Reichb. f., 96
phajoides Reichb. f., 97
rubens Ridl., 97
veratrifolia R. Br., 98

Camarotis Lindl., 244
Mannii King & Pantling, 245

INDEX

philippinensis Lindl., 215

sterrophylla J. J. Smith, 245
Celosia plumosa, 185
CreratostyLis Bl., 85

pendula Hook. f., 85
Cestichis Clemensize Ames, 79

fragilis Ames, 80

gracilis Ames, 78

halconensis Ames, 80

linearifolia Ames, 81

Lyonii Ames, 81

nutans Ames, 81
CuaM#antTuus Schltr., 199
CueErrostyuis Bl., 37
CuiLopocon Schltr., 90

oxysepalum Schltr., 91
Cheeradoplectron Spiranthes Schauer,

14
CurysoGLossum Bl., 48
Cirrhopetalumantenniferum Lindl., 165

Blumei Lindl., 167

elongatum Lindl., 173

maxillare Lindl., 167
Cleisostoma chrysochilum Kranzl., 253

dealbatum Lindl., 247

densum Ridl., 254

ionosmum Lindl., 253, 255

Kunstleri Hook. f., 254

latifolium Lindl., 254

ringens Reichb. f., 251

rosea Lindl., 253

sagittata Bl., 251

spathulata Bl., 257

spicatum Lindl., 237

subviolaceum Reichb. f., 253

vitellinum Reichb. f., 253
CaLoeyne Lindl., 48

fuscesens, 50

javanica Lindl., 23

Cordula Raf., 9, 10
Coryanthes Lindl., 38
Corysas Salisb., 18
aconitiflorus Salisb., 18
Corymbis disticha Naves not Lindl., 48
flava Hems., 47
CorymsBorcuis Thou., 47
Corysanthes R. Br., 18
Crinonia Bl., 67
Cryptosty.is R. Br., 19
Cymbidium Finlaysonianum Lindl., 10
Cympipium Sw., 199
Cypripedium Linn., 9
macranthum Sw., 9
palawanense Hort., 11
philippinense Reichb. f., 10
Cystopus Bi., 34
occultus Bl., 36
pubescens Bl., 34
Cystorcuis Bi., 33
celebica Schltr., 34
variegata var. purpurea, 33
Denprosium Sw., 106
Aclinia Reichb. f., 135
alagense Ames, 127
angustifolium Lindl., 120, 126
appendiculatum (Bl.) Lindl., 125
atropurpureum Auth. not Miquel, 121
biflorum Sw., 131
Blumii Lindl., 130
clavipes Hook. f., 146
erythroxanthum Reichb. f., 117
flabellum Reichb. f., 132
furcatum Reinw., 113
heterocarpum Lindl., 115
hymenophyllum Lindl., 146
hypodon Schltr., 123
juncifolium Schltr., 131
Kunstleri Hook. f., 133

[ 266 ]

INDEX

lamellatum Lindl., cf. ix
longicolle Lindl., 120
Macrei Lindl., 133
macrophyllum A. Rich., 139
nudum Lindl., 116
nycteridoglossa Reichb. f., 144
paludicola Schltr., 121
parciflorum Kranzl. not Reichb. f.,
128
parietiforme J. J. Smith, 137, 141
piestocaulon Schltr., 127
sanguinolentum Lindl., 119
var. cerinum, 119
secundum Lindl., 117
sinuatum Lindl., 121
striatum Hort., 130
superbiens Reichb. f., 134
tenellum Lindl., 125
tenuicaule Hook. f., 130
thysanophorum Schltr., 122
tuberiferum Hook. f., 132
Vanoverberghii Ames, 130
Denprocuitum Bi., 54
bistortum J. J. Smith, 54
Kingii (Hook. f.) Pfitz., 55
longifolium Reichb. f., 54
Dendrocolla acuminatissima Bl., 201
appendiculata Bl., 210
Dicerostyus Bi., 28
Dipymop.exis Griff., 24
Dietypuosa Bi., 48
latifolia Bl., 48
var. celebica Schltr., 48
Dmocnia Lindl., 85
Diropium R. Br., 199
Disperis Sw., 17
Bolusiana Schltr., 17
rhodoneura Schltr., 17
villosa Lindl., 17

zeylanica Trim., 17
Dissorhynchium muricatum Schauer,
14
Doritis Lindl., 215
Steffensii Schltr., 215
Wightii Lindl., 215
Ephippium ciliatum Bl., 167
elongatum Bl., 173

Epipactis clausa A. A. Eaton, 26

philippinensis Ames, 27
Epiphanes javanica Bl., 25
Eprpocum Gmel., 22

nutans Reichb. f., 22
Eria Lindl., 146

eridostachya Reichb. f., 160

aporoides Lindl., 116

bractescens var. latipetala Leavitt,

158

decipiens Schltr., 117

formosana Rolfe, 147

Wenzelii Ames, 146
Eryturopes Bi., 28

longicornu, 28

picta, 29

polygonata, 28

purpurea, 28

querceticola, 29

Sagreana, 29

secunda, 28

vaginata, 29

venustula, 28
Esmeratpa Reichb. f., 222
Eteria javanica Bl., 33
Eutopuia ft. Br., 102

bicarinata Hook. f., 102, 105

ensiformis Schltr., 103

graminea Ames not Lindl., 102

Leschenaultii Bl., 103

papuana J. J. Smith, 104

[ 267 ]

INDEX

venosa Reichb. f., 104

Versteegii J. J. Smith, 104

Warburgiana Kranzl., 103
Gatroia Lour., 19

Hydra Reichb. f., 19
Gastrocuitus Don, 231

calceolaris Don, 232

chionanthus O. K., 240

miniatus O. K., 233

sororius Schltr., 232
Gastropia R. Br., 25
Groporum Jackson, 106

semicristatum Lindl., 106
Giomera Bi., 89
Goopyera R. Br., 26

amoena Schltr., 27

pusilla Bl., 27

reticulata Bl., 2
GRAMMATOPHYLLUM Bl., 197

Fenzlianum Reichb. f., 197

Rumphianum J. J. Smith, 197

scriptum Bl., 197
Grastidium acuminatissimum Bl., 114

Grosourdya appendiculata Reichb. f.,
210
Hasenaria Willd., 12
angustata Ames not Kuntze, 12
dichopetala Thw., 13
lancifolia A. Rich., 13
luzonensis Ames, 12
muricata Rodriguez, 14.
muricata Vidal, 14
repens, 17
Rumphii Lindl., 13
trinervis Wight, 18
Hemaria Merrillii Ames, 32
Herminium R. Br., 12
Herpysma Merrillii Ames, 29
Herazria Bl., 43

lamellata Bl., 46
Hiprpeopuy.ium Schilir., 78
celebicum Schltr., 78
micranthum Schltr., 78
Hylophila rubra Ames, 28
Kununassectia J. J. Smith, 32
javanica J. J. Smith, 32
Merrillii Schltr., 32
Lecanorcuis Bl., 21
japonica Bl., 21
javanica Bl., 21
LeprpoGyneE B/., 28
minor Schltr., 28
sceptrum Schltr., 28
Liparis L. C. Rich., 78
clavigera Ridl., 84
crenulata Lindl., 85
dolichopoda Hayata, 79
Elmeri Ames, 80
flaccida Reichb. f., 82
Nakaharai Hayata, 82
pectinifera Ridl., 82
punctifera Schltr., 82
vestita Reichb. f., 79
Luista Gaudich., 220
Macopes Lindl., 36
Mataxis Sy., 67
Junghuhnii Ames, 70
monstruosa Bl., 76
parviflora BI., 81
philippinensis Ames, 71
rhinoceros Ames, 68
sagittata Ames, 68
sordida Ames, 70
tubulosa Ames, 68
Matieoia Smith & Schltr., 233
Witteana Smith & Schltr., 236
Microsaccus Bl., 257
brevifolius J. J. Smith, 258

[ 268 ]

Microstylis binabayensis Ames, 69

discolor R. Wight, 71
Junghuhnii J. J. Smith, 70
philippinensis Krinzl., 71
rhinoceros J. J. Smith, 68
sagittata J. J. Smith, 68
sordida J. J. Smith, 70
spicata Lindl., 67

tubulosa J. J. Smith, 68

Microtatorchis compacta Schltr., 258

Microtis R. Br., 18
Myemecuis Bi., 42
japonica, 42
Nemophora Raf., 9
Neottia longifolia, 28
sinensis Pers., 26
NEPHELAPHYLLUM Bi., 48
Nervit1a Comm. ex Gaudich., 22
Oseronia Lindl., 72
Costeriana J. J. Smith, 77
insectifera Hook. f., 73
Mannii Hook. f., 75
rosea Hook. f., 74
OcTarRHENA Thw., 192
Omea Bi., 232
micrantha Bl., 233
Onychium gracile Bl., 125
Ophrys unifolia Forst., 18
Orchis strateumatica Linn., 40
Pacuystoma Bi., 102
PapHiopeDILuM Pjitz., 9
Dayanum, 11
insigne, 9
x Kimballianum, 11
Lowii, 11
Rothschildianum Stein, 11
venustum, 9
Puasus Lour., 94
calanthoides Ames, 94

INDEX

PuaLanopsis Bi., 216

Denisiana Cogn., 216
Esmeralda Cogn., 216
Mannii Reichb. f., 216
rosea Lindl., 216
tetraspis Reichb. f., 217

Puotiwota Lindl., 66

conchoidea Lindl., 66
rhombophora Reichb. f., 66
sesquitorta Kranzl., 66

Pureatia Lindl., 195

bracteata Ames not Schltr., 195
brachystachys Schltr., 194
caulescens Ames, 192

Elmeri Ames, 192

ensifolia Ames, 192

myosurus Ames not Forst., 195
parvula Ames not Benth., 192
secunda Lindl., 194

Phragmopedium Rolfe, 9
Phyllorchis elongata O.K., 173
Physurus longicornu, 28

pictus, 28
polygonatus, 28
purpureus, 28
querceticola, 29
Sagreanus, 29
secundus, 28
vaginatus, 29

venustulus, 28

Platanthera Amesiana Schltr., 12

halconensis Schltr., 14

Piocoeiottis Bi., 100
Popocuitus Bi., 89

Hasseltii Schltr., 87
Robinsonii Ames, 90

Pogonia crispata Bl., 23

dilatata Bl., 23
discolor Bl., 23

[ 269 ]

INDEX

flabelliformis Lindl., 23
gracilis B]., 23
Nervilia Bl., 23
pudica Ames, 23
Potystacuya Hook., 93
luteola Hook., 93
Pomatocatpa Breda, 253
spicatum Breda, 241
Ptychochilus septemnervis Schauer, 47
RENANTHERA Lour., 224
angustifolia Hook. f., 224, 225
matutina Lindl., 224
micrantha Bl., 224
Ruyncenosty.is B/., 219
Rosrguetia Gaudich., 237
Saccotasium Bi., 226
ampulaceum Lindl., 233
aurantiacum Schltr., 233
bifidum Lindl., 245
Blumei Lindl., 226
borneense Reichb. f., 238
buccosum Reichb. f., 230
chionanthum Lindl., 226, 239
compressum Lindl., 226, 237
curvifolium Lindl., 233
densiflorum Lindl., 238
formosanum Hayata, 231
fragrans Par. & Reichb. f., 230
Harrisonianum Hook. f., 219
miniatum Lindl., 226, 233
minimiflorum Hook. f., 241
perpusillum Hook. f., 239
rhopalorrhachis J. J. Smith, 228
Sacodon Raf., 9
SarcantTuus Lindl., 245
castaneus Rid]., 237
densiflorus Par. & Reichb. f., 237
javanicus J. J. Smith, 246
racemifer Reichb. f., 249

subulatus Reichb. f., 248

SarcocuiLus Rf. Br., 210
acuminatissimus Reichb. f., 201
calceolus Lindl., 210
compressus Reichb. f., 210
croceus Lindl., 210
emarginatus Reichb. f., 214
hirtulus Hook. f., 206
notabilis Hook. f., 201
philippinensis Vidal, 215, 244
pusillus Reichb. f., 210
suaveolens Hook. f., 212, 215
Teysmannii J. J. Smith, 214

Sarcopodium stella silvee Loher &
Kranzl., 139

Schismoceras disticha Presl, 122

Scuenorcuis Bl., 239
minimiflora Ames, 242
paniculata Bl., 241

Selenipedium Reichb. f., 9

SpatuoeLottis Bl., 99

SprrantuEs LC. Rich., 25

Srauropsis Reichb. f., 224

Srereosanpra Bi., 24
pendula Krinzl., 24

Stimegas Raf., 9

T2NIopHYLLUM Bi., 258

TuecosTeLe Reichb. f., 197
Elmeri Ames, 197

Tue asis Bl., 194

TuetymitTra Forst., 18
malintana Blanco, 18

TurixspermuM Lour., 201
appendiculatum O. K., 210
longicauda Ridl., 204
McGregorii Ames, 213
mindanaensis Ames, 214
notabile Ridl., 201
pardale (Ridl.) Schltr., 202

[ 270 ]

INDEX

philippinense Ames, 215 violacea Lindl., 219
Raciborskii J. J. Smith, 204 Vanvopsis Pfitz., 222
Tricuoctortis Bi., 254 VaniLia Sw., 19
pantherina J. J. Smith, 256 aromatica Sw., 20
retusa Ames not Bl., 258 majaijensis Blanco, 20, 21
rigida BI., 255 philippinensis Rolfe, 20, 21
Trichotosia halconensis Krinzl., 149 ‘planifolia Andrews, 20
Troprpia Lindl., 47 VrypaGzyneEa Bi., 42
curculigoides Lindl., 47 Zeuxine argentea Schltr., 42
septemnervis Reichb. f., 47 elatior Schltr., 42
Vanpa Jones, 225 integerrima Lindl., 40

luzonica, 226 Whiteheadi Rendle, 32

sae! ’ ty » ; ary dean ality a ae ; ies i
el ie: ROT rk) ai 2 aT rise yl Re a

re a | ph |
Mis (ign eR PEC nt hi, AAAs hates, Se es a
i ‘eoeanmeade womens PP ames ma A oi ‘
ne Minky pit Re aia sy Yee sh hols
Dot ii NiSeunvne yiyene rs te a . Tui, } K w4
WE Tie righ 7 ue
a tes UR by fy perenne » ; MAS oi ae
Hei feiss hae

ie rt ee OU as en dn
a : =i : . i yA THES ak a Mi - a

fr 7 ist ahaa | ae? N ry 8h i / Fe it

‘ _ ‘ ¥
v Wah Dani ch nies ua ieay
hee ee Gare ;
i i iy win a” + : A st A . } 4 os
i ' iy - et ey ee in i i ; t
ai 4 > as

ane, Oe ie Hy Pa ehh ae

ey ’ ;
Pa ‘) A , ” ey. Ray 4 ~ }
yyy i ,

rh
by a} efi Aree Cee
in, rey ; j Cy ei : fs ; ,
ee 2 , { ;
RO EA Vy elt ne
" \ ] att oF
; CN ah) We hai Tay ©
it v7 ia bitse Gash be lee
oy yey aN Wud deo © pee ¥en i
re] : : ‘ > ‘ A j
in ; avy a. +2 a ARC AP 4s mpi nis i f-
; \ ; -
i nm ts ' if ‘
a ray eae ce ee ;
c Se j 2 ; i
eK Ai alae NG RL Rei BOR ;
4 Y 4 } aA A
TY Beare , Af i
pacabahag a ws ofa, TaN A 5 Wim Pak it t
; } dai ine a ck Wie ‘he gavk’., t+ wy ‘
' e nglihy, Wee " iP.
’ Meagan | Sagi

Vargas (oY Venadaaety® Pole uly Ri trite

a ee k Botanical Garden Library

o =. Ai 072 (nea

ure

eC
y
y
;

uy

Pg

28