ee ee ¥ A Sign of Quality Gut Casts Aflcock’s celebrated ““Hercules”’ Gut Casts, 1, 2 and 3 yards long, in all strengths, suitable for fresh and salt water fishing; made from specially selected, extra .ong gut; 12” to 13” clear between knots, or 3 or 4 less knots in a 53-yard cast—a great advantage over other makes. No. 3490—Medium or stout weight for trout, 25c per yard, with extra loops, 5c per loop extra. No. 3499—Tapered casts for trout, two yard — 75c each; three yard — $1.00 other superior qual- ities of Gut Casts from 10c per yard up. The Blake Rod Hand-built from the finest procurable cane; 514 and 6 ounces in weight; 9 and 10 feet in length; three joints, two tops; closely whipped patent telescope suction ferules; solid cork handle; universal reel seat; bronze fittings; Price — $25.00 A Sign of Quality We carry wlhcse cher the largest TRADE-MARK assortment of flies in Canada. _ Allcock’s ‘Stag’? brand, up- right or split wing flies, eyed and to gut; all the well known stand- ard and many fancy patterns; the last word in fly making—all beau- tiful reproductions and true to patterns; highest quality mater- ials only: First quality —$2.50 per doz. Second quality—$2.00 per doz. _ Suitable for wet or dry fly fish- ing—sizes 8 to 12. ; Our “Beaver” brand English made trout flies to best quality gut in all standard patterns, sizes 5 to 12—$1.25 per dozen. Our ‘“‘Standard’’ brand trout flies to gut, very superior quality flies in all standard patterns—sizes 5 to 12—75c per doz. Fish Baskets Best quality white split French willow, also whole willow. No. 1—$2.00. No. 2 —$3.00 No. 3—$4.00. No. 4—$4.50. No. 5—$5.00. No. 6—$5.50. At the Sign of the Big “T” This is the sign of our new premises at 70 King West, where visitors are welcome to inspect the largest and most complete stock of high grade fishing tackle in Canada, comprising everything that the discriminating angler needs. ‘“‘Stag’’sbrand and “Beaver” brand fishing tackle are sold by leading fishing tackle dealers throughout the Dominion. More room, more light, more goods—Come and see us. NOTE:—We have made a specialty of rod repairing for the last 40 owe ALLCOCK LAGAT WESTWOOD Co. Limited 70 King Street West, Toronto ar ea il ox Tongue, __ROD AND GUN IN CANADA This Is An Arctic Kiderdown Year For Fishing, Summering, Hunt- ing and All Outdoor Sleeping. sels | a | ‘The Eiderdown Robe Supplies Your Entire Kit. IIOUSANDS now in use. AM- Gi... | erica’s leading sportsmen ac- 4. 2. Dacerne a aE ee eae . knowledge their superiority. TT ov Write for Booklet with complete : ~ information and testimonials. . ' Woo D S cy Ha S55 — G . ‘\ | aie GY = HN JI Manufacturing Co. “Limits. OTTAWA, ONT. == CLARK’S PREPARED FOODS ALL “READY TO SERVE.” Devilled Meats, Potted Meats, Sliced Smoked Beef, Cambridge Sausages, Tongue Ham and Veal, Stewed Kidneys, Pork and Beans, ‘ Roast Beef, English Brawn, Veal Loaf, Beefsteak and Onions, un? Spaghetti with Tomato Sauce & Cheese. Soups (13 Kinds) Irish Stew Corned Beef Hash Table Syrup Peanut Butter Tomato Ketchup, ete. “Everything for the Camp Kitchen.” W. CLARK, LIMITED, MONTREAL. IN CANADA ROD AND GUN grte- Zouln BEND a QUALITY TACKLE epee SE LY evel-W inding ipa Anti-Back- COMES Lash Reel South Bend ——aeeee Anti-Back- Ge aa — Lash Reel eS aN . Lures They Fight For! BOVE is pictured the result of an eight and one-half and a three-pound bass frantically fighting over which saw the Bass-Oreno first. Vi h d hrill of With a three- pounder on, imagine the thrill o having a furious pleamin ning mass of animated bronze, rush—y es, smash—three times at your Bass-Oreno he misses. | Then, with a fourth, ‘fighting grab he comes at iCagain and is hooked. A few moments of play and you slip your net under eleven and one-half pounds of obstinate bass, Not just one—but numerous tandem anglers are using the South Bend Reels Babe-Oreno No. 972 SOUTH BEND BAIT co. 8207 High Street — South Bend, Ind. catches on South Bend Baits is evidence that these are indeed the “‘lures they fight for.” The Bass-Oreno, 334-inch body and the Babe-Oreno, 2%-inch body, are but two of the many famous South Bend Oreno fish- etters. Of the wobbler type, they dive, Sart, dash and wiggle in a manner irresis- tible to game-fish, More than 100,000 South Bend Quality Tackle known by the oval trade mark on golden-rod-yellow boxes. shown here for perfect casting without — back-lash, snarl or tangle. Send a postal for “The Days of Real Sport” —the book which anglers the country over are using as a guide in tackle selection, Shows complete variety of South Bend Baits for every kind of fishing. Explains proven bait-casting methods. t FREE, VOLUME XXII. NUMBER 11 | Rod and Gun in Canada Woodstock, Ontario, April, 1921 ES bn Publishers are warned not to reprint contents, wholly or in part, without full credtt attached APRIL CONTENTS fe rattorial: &.~ > PAM Dk es Sot a Frontispiece pe A Happy Hunting Ground...........cc.....cccckeceleteccsesecettbeeevssees N. de Bertrand Lugrin 1241 : 1 UR EMRE MR SE DONT 5205005, 209: oo ze 3 sa focnqstedv sa soveedecaacpcenceeee an William MacMillan 1217 ; ENN PRRIIN Bo Soo be ods va ae nov s-segesg sued accdonevbrsneutednneaceeenars Harry M. Moore 1252 a eo oF “The Blue Grouse on Vancouver [sland.........cccccsccssessesessssieeseecveeeenee G: Sa FZ. 7-255 SEITE SESS Scum 1B 5 1) |: Pace ta a Sea George R. Belton 1258 ae 33 Hunting MA CIW TI IINB Fishing -Notes....................... BF GI Ree pe ial Care ty kd aa Robert Page Lincoln 1289 EES BRST OTT LS Co) enn ae ae C. S. Landis Rpm One Meewatin Trail. iiss acatiesesies cep pteneiansesecteosentens Bommvermmiseences and. remarks. 2.2)... pk ccagecesserenetdocepeeneepesseessens: 4 : . _ Will Organize Ontario Game Association. ...........:c.c2ccseseysseseesnetennne seecsnesennecee ine Bepewetie GE Ot ier Dory: ofp 5 Sins eats iocegee tet cscsnstencaees- aaa Ca A Month Wate Canadian W ater-P OW! saeco yopdeS cece feaeennte es a UES wr ete HER eee ee we ene teense e reenter eee e sate eee e tesa tte eee e settee eee eee eer a st eee esses sew eseennseeeEee teense ssreeee® ~~ SUBSCRIPTION PRICE to any address in Canada, Great Britain or in the United States $1.50, reign countries fifty cents extra. Single copies fifteen cents. All subscriptions are payable in advance. REMITTANCES should be made ce P.O. or express money orders, bank checks or registered “letters: if by check, exchange must be included. _ . CHANGE OF ADDRESS. When a change of address is ordered, both the new and the old ad- "dresses must be given. _ THE ADDRESS LABEL, shows the date to which subscription is paid. _ RECEIPT FOR REMITTANCE will be enclosed in first issue following receipt of money. ADVERTISING RATES and sample copies sent on application. 4 Communications on all See ae portage to fishing, shooting, canoeing, eter | the kennel, - amateur photography and traps be welcomed and published if possible. i communica- tions must be accompanied by the name * the writer, not necessarily for publication, however. . ROD AND GUN IN CANADA does not assume any responsibility for, or necessarily endorse, af any views expressed by contributors to its columns. Le jo a ‘Published by W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., WOODSTOCK, ONT. The A ee —Branch Offices— SE Saya ; marie re paeaee 16 a pir da t., EDITORIAL In the best interests of the country the Government at Ottawa © should either repeal or further amend the present obnoxious law pertaining to the owning and carrying of firearms throughout the Dominion. The tragic years of 1914 to 1918 inclusive and the spectacle of Allied troops stationed in Germany in 1921 show the need of maintaining a high standard of national physical fitness, coupled with the necessary training in the use of firearms. © There is no need to review the work of the citizen soldiery that astonished the world. Canadian marksmanship during the recent upheaval is now a matter for the historian. Anything that hinders the free use of firearms for legitimate sport afield or target practise is nothing short of a calamity. The youth of the country must be trained and developed; not for the purpose of provoking war but as a matter of preparedness for any event- uality. The restrictive amendments to the criminal code are slowly but none the less surely stopping the training of Canad- ians in the art of marksmanship. Surely those in charge of law enforcement have all the author- ity they need for keeping a check on firearms, in the importation permit clause. Every weapon that is brought into Canada | — must be admitted through the Customs department, and then | only when a permit has been issued. Wholesale dealers ae 3 jobbers and even individual purchasers know the difficulty | importing firearms so that there need be no fear on that account. — Anyone who would smuggle firearms into the country would be the last person to apply for a permit to own or carry, as required — by the present amendments. ‘The only arm that is being manu- factured in Canada at the present time is the .22 calibre so the fear of a Red uprising with non-imported guns can be dispelled. One amusing feature of the law is that permits have to be secured for all cannons, guns, etc., so the various municipalities have to go to the proper authorities and get permits to own relics of the Crimea and all wars since that time. If sufficient pressure is brought to bear on the Government there is no reason why these amendments cannot be repealed before too much damage is done. N. DEBERTRAND LUGRIN n oo, HEN Nature fashioned Van- ee couver Island, she seems to ts have designed it with three ----— ideas in mind,—to make it one of the ____ richest places of this world in point of natural resources, one of the most beau- tiful places scenically, and to endow it with the most equable and delightful climate that she could contrive. Canada is all a marvellous country, 1242 of diversified loveliness, with out- standing natural features of a grandeur and beauty quite inde- scribable, but Dame Nature, chang- ing, whimsical, saved Vancouver Is- land for “le dernier gout,’ the last perfection of a continent of charms. That is why a holiday spent upon this island is like a visit to fairyland, and leaves a memory with the visitor, so enchanting as to seem part and parcel of the rainbow fabrics of one’s happiest dreams. One might fitly term it “the land of the sky-blue water’ for it is en- circled by the sea, and jewelled with rivers and mountain lakes that mirror the turquoise and sapphire colors of the sky. To further borrow from poetical captions, we have described it as a “happy hunting ground,” for game-birds, and song-birds throng the woodlands. The lakes and rivers are famous for steelheads, cut-throats, and Dolly Varden trout, and the spring salmon flock to the mouths of © the streams in the spring and autumn, while in the forest fastnesses all sorts of game are to. be had from the rabbit to the black bear, the mink to the panther. Herds of elk and deer come to drink at the lakes within a mile or so of the main highways, and I have seen a cougar hiding in the bush, not a stone’s throw from the trail I was travelling, while the bears in the summer time, when the black berries are ripe, are almost friendly—almost. Here is a story of an almost friendly black bear. It begins like this. A glorious day in early September, and a vacation of two weeks ahead of us, we had our own car, our own camping outfit, a dog, and two guns. My friend knows a little about a gun, and I know a little less, though we both had some practice overseas, but our ambition was to get a bear each, and maybe a specimen or two of the cat-tribe, for the latter, particularly the panthers, are such predatory beasts that the season for shooting them is always open, and the govern- ment offers a bounty on the skins of the cougar and the wolf. The roads on this Island paradise are the best in the world, hard and ROD AND GUN IN. CANADA clean, and well-shaded in mont sea- sons by a diversity of foliage——the moon-white blossomed dogwood tree, the maple, the willow, the poplar, and — the many varieties of coniferous or evergreen. After travelling over the _ famous Malahat mountain, frem whose summit one looks down overa __ wonderful panorama of valley and — hill and mountain with the blue sea a © broad expanse here, and there an encircling arm round a green isle, or peninsula; we made several detours so that we might take in Shawnigan © and Cowichan lakes. The latter lovely sheet of water with its beautiful — river is famous for its trout, but as it was not our destination we only stopped there over night. Perhaps: 7 had we not had another objective in view, we would have remained, for _ in the late twilight a band of fifteen oo af elk came down to drink; pheasant — ’ called in the woods round about us, jm and we saw the trout jumping a | hundred feet or more from shore. All © in all it was such a delightful place jj that it was with more or less reluctance Bhat we pushed on the next morning, com- —— forting ourselves, however, with re~ calling that the shooting of elk is entirely prohibited, and that we had no boat from which to fish. The terminus of our trip was Sproat — Lake in the Alberni district, ante reach this place, famous for its fishi and as a big game rendezvous, ¥ passed through some of the mo magnificent timber country in the world, the great douglas fir forest on the borders of Cameron lake. We 4 pitched our tent on a level stretch a ee. short stone’s throw from the water, ees. where a four years’ second growth of — os | fir made a semi-circular shelter. All 438 around us were the green-treed hills, — Stn and in the distance the snow-crowned 7 peaks of Mount Arrowsmith; a@ slender stream wound its musical — way in a little path of its own choosing — mS a through the baby fir trees, and down beside the tent. We had bona a a boat from the hostel at the Bs es the lake where we had left our ear, and then had betaken tt eae far from sight or sound of ieee ie as the lake would let us go. Our first glimpse of a bear | had ROD AND GUN IN CANADA been at a distance of perhaps a quar- ter of a mile, in the bottom lands as we were gliding along through the timbers of Cameron lake. We stopp- ed the car to get a closer look, but bruin was not disposed to be friendly and after turning his head in our direction, promptly disappeared in the bracken. The idea of having really seen a specimen of what we had come for, long before we were expecting it, was very encouraging. Our second glimpse was a more in- timate one. My partner and I had been sleeping the deep dreamless slumber that be- longs to the heart of the woods, when we were both awakened by a shuf- fling and a sniffling somewhere in the immediate vicinity of the tent. We had had a particularly good afternoon on the lake the day before, and twelve speckled beauties had been cleaned and strung up over night, ready for breakfast. When we were awakened it was about sun-up. Poking our heads out of the tent flap, we were just in time to see a fair-sized black bear devouring the last of our string of trout, which he had pulled down. We sent a couple of shots after him, as he rushed away through the under- brush, but did not touch him. For several days after this experience we patrolled the lake, with no success. Then one night, just as we were returning home after the finest day’s fishing we had ever had, we saw three bears. We had followed the lake for a mile or so, and then ascended Taylor river. Here in the fall the salmon run up to spawn, and at the mouth of a small stream which feeds the river, a great boulder lay, behind which the water bubbled into a deep pool. The bears had waded out through the shallow water to the rock, and the largest, apparently the maternal parent, was lying flat on the stone, her two young cubs just below her ona rocky ledge. She was scooping up the fish with the sreatest dexterity and throwing them to the cubs who devoured them with relish, wriggles and all. _ We decided not to take any chances in the uncertain light, and paddled noiselessly as close as we could, my 1243 partner paddling, and I in the bow with the gun. What slight wind there was, was in our favor. The bears all had their backs to us, and we were within beautiful range when mother bruin looked around and saw EIk—Vancouver island. us. Bears are notoriously clumsy, but they were off that rock with the greatest agility, and in the thicket, before I had time to send more than one shot after them. One of the cubs squealed, and keeping the gun in readiness, we paddled swiftly to shore. ~ 1244 But we did not dare venture into the underbrush very far. The light was fading fast and after beating about a short distance and seeing or hearing nothing, we returned to the canoe, and went back to camp. We had an early breakfast, and took up the chase shortly after sun- ROD AND GUN IN CANADA the same bears we had seen the night before, that our one shot had taken effect. I suggested that I go into the - bush to find the cub, and that my partner who is the better shot, should try for the bear. I entered the underbursh without any misgivings, feeling that my part-~ Black bear, Vancouver island. rise. The chances were that if the cub had been hit, they would not have wandered far, and it might be possible, would return to the trout poolforbreakfast. Wekeptclose into shore, working our way along with as little noise as possible. After -an hour’s paddling along the lake and up the river we saw the giant boulder that marked the mouth of the small stream, and we could see too that the bear, or a bear was fishing there. All that was visible of the animal or animals was the tip of an ear above the top of the rock, and now and then a black hairy paw that swooped down into the stream, catching while we watched, a silvery, struggling trout that must have been at least a three- pounder. We decided to land and to try our luck from the shore, so drew the canoe noiselessly up, made it fast, and crept along the narrow strip of beach. Presently we could see one bear, and what we took to be a cub, though even as we looked they moved farther around the rock, out of range. One cub! That meant if these were ner had by far the most dangerous job. The going was rough, black- berry vines, wild honeysuckle and thick-growing bracken impeding every step. I was ascending a gradual slope, and having reached a ridge, looked ahead to a fairly level bit of rocky—land, dotted with some firs. I pursued my way. There was a clump of fairly tall trees just ahead of me, and toward it I walked, alert for anything, as I thought. I caught a glimpse of a small black form lying in the crumpled bracken below the group of firs, and pepe able to repress a shout of victory, sped toward it. It lay quite still. My nerves tingling with the excite- _ ment of my first success in_ bear- hunting, I thrust aside the interven- ing vegetation, and reached the small — victim. I noted with pleased surprise that it was a much bigger cub than I had thought, and turning it over found that I had made a neat wound behind the ear. Flushed with pride, I was about to lift the carcass, when a growl that sounded like thunder to my startled ears, came from the *: bushes to the left, and instantly following it there rushed into the Bb open, old lady bruin of the night pire: followed by the remaining cub. The fir trees were of small girth, otherwise this story would never have been written. I was halfway up one of them before I had time to think, though I had not “shinnied up” a — tree since I was a small boy. The bear made an attempt to follow me, aie but gave # up, the tree was too light. Betie accurate, for not one of them alone would bear my wtight. Then I realized that I had left my gun beside the dead cub. Later on I realized other things,—that I had eaten very little breakfast in the excitement of the impending chase, that I was __. desperately thirsty, that the branches - of the trees were so scanty that the sun had full sweep over me, and that bears have an infinite amount of - patience. ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1245 At first I did not shout for help, because I did not want to spoil my partners chances of a bag at the river, and I thought that any time within the half hour a call from me would bring him. At the end of that time or a little later, I heard shots. I counted five. Shortly after, there was a grunting and snorting in the bushes, a tearing of bracken and other underbrush, and a large black bear came from the river-way, and made off toward the left. Then I waited and listened, and waited and listened for what seemed another hour, but which was only fifteen minutes by my watch, when I ventured a shout. It met with no response, except from the bear, who, walked slowly around the tree, and seemed to be making up her mind whether to essay another climb. I shouted again, and save for the angry growl from the bear, I had no reply. Then I heard more shots, and after that the stillness seemed more in- tense than before, and ominous with suggestion. All of a sudden another I sat there for three hours. _ Bruin remained at the foot of the ~ tree, ambling round it or sitting down -on her haunches, the slightest move on my part causing her to glance up at me and growl menacingly. > » s ___ And every minute of the time Mrs.. A good day’s sport, Vancouver island. realization came to me. My partner had only put a handful of cartridges in his pocket, the other were in a bag over my shoulder. And he had probably shot his last one. So now instead of wanting him to come mto where I was, I felt that I ought to. 1246 try and keep him out. I sat tight, and watched the bear, whose malig- nant little eyes were following my slightest move. When the sun was getting almost unbearably hot on my _ uncovered head, and my limbs were cramped to numbness, I heard a shout from the . direction of the bank. The bear heard it too. I shouted back. “I’m treed—treed by a bear.” Another shout, and I called back the _same information. If “Mrs. Bruin” would leave the tree long enough for me to get down! Another shout. She was moving about rest- lessly loathe to leave, and yet eager to investigate. “She is ready for you,” I shouted again, and I know that my partner was endeavoring to put some sort of a question to.me, but the distance dissipated the sy ‘ables. So then of course, he could not hear what I was trying to tell him. The bear, her cub following every movement, now trotted slowly away from the tree towards the direction of the shouting, which was, to my notion, foolishly prolonged. I began to carefully unwind myself from the limbs. With much difficulty I had done so, and, climbing to the branches with my hands, prepared to get down to my gun, when the bear ‘turned, saw me, and rushed back to the foot of the tree. I regained my perch. Then I heard my partner. “I’ve got a bear, a beaut. I’ve got a bear. Hulloa, there!” Wearily I summoned all my vocal strength. “I’m treed. Don’t come any fur- ther unless you can make a dead shot.” From the thicket the voice re- sponded. “T haven’t a shell left you?”’ The bear was standing now some twelve feet out from the tree, un- decided which way to turn. I knew it would be unsafe for my partner to Where are venture further. _ my partner burst through the bush ~toppled. His second volley. of s ROD AND GUN IN GANADA es e ~ ie So 21 called out instructions. “Go back and fetch some shot, and for my sake, hurry.” He was disposed to stop and argue the point, and it was only after IT had waxed very much more vehement that he evidently went back to the boat, for a long, long silence ensued Then followed the weariest two hours J have ever experienced. tase: before my partner returned, “Mrs. Bruin,” — no doubt peared by the whining importunities of her young progeny, and possibly thinking that I was d in the tree, made up her mind to for- sake me, and after nosing aro dead baby i in rather a pathetic fas ion, disappeared in the underbr Bs followed by her cub. Bi te I descended the tree with earn = a and difficulty, recovered my gun, and | placing it in immediate readiness, es went through some gymnastics to restore the circulation to my limbs. | It was while I was thus engaged th scarlet-faced, dripping with perspira-— tion and out of breath from his long row and his hurried climb. ee Together we conveyed the body of of) 3 the cub to the boat. My partner ha ee shot one of the two bears that we had _ seen at the creek mouth, and had had cd a lot of difficulty in getting the» bods r out of the water into which it had had been at still another bear down the stream, that had > out either to drink or fish, but h ' not made a hit. : ie Each of us, having procs. a s trophy, was quite satisfied to let well enough alone. The skin of the bea ies good, that of the cub particular! ine . Later in the season we went out J for. birds and deer, but that is anot ; story. We, however, demonstr to our own ‘satisfaction at lente. 4 for perfection of climate, mag of scenery, and plentitude of Vancouver Island is vertita D “happy hunting ground. " ; a 4 ez 2 2 r, eee - treasure. coat of glistening black. the good man didn’t know it, it must Le Renard Noir WILLIAM MAcMILLAN HE Cure Pouliot who steered straight the lives of the uncouth, two fisted woodsmen of the little village x of Saint Ubal was a “ss lover of animals as well as of men; a passion that brought many strange animals to his snug square cut cabin. In the course of time the good Cure became seized with the idea of owning a silver fox. Of the ordinary flame hued foxes there were. aplenty but only on very rare occasions did one hear of a silver in the near vicinity. Fortune favored the priest, for one day word was brought from the Natashquaan that Louis Lapleine, a _ breed from the Newfoundland Labra- por was coming out with a live silver Ox. A shrewd bargain was struck and Lapleine shouldered the fencewire cage into the garden ofthe good Cure where a pen had already been built in the optimistic hope of just such an opportunity as this. 5 “Tien Monsieur, have a care, for he has the soul of the devil and not for three days has he tasted food. He is not gentle like your cows. His teeth they are sharp and long and he is quick.” With shining eyes Cure Poul- iot peered into the dark cage at his The breed was right.. He surely was a magnificent animal, almost as big as a young wolf with a Though have been just such an animal as this that prompted Robert Service to write “Forsake ye the skin, it’s as dark as sin And black, as the core of the Pit.” “Ma Foi what a tail!’’ In his eager- ness he leaned too close to the widely spaced bars, an angry snarl, a murd- erous lunge and he drew back quickly with the shoulder of his tunic in ribbons. With a heart that held nothing but kindness and love for all creatures the Cure of the tiny settlement watched over his newfound treasure. Day after day he sought by means of dainty tit bits to wheedle the magni- ficent animal into some show of friendliness, in vain. The vicious- ness of the snarl never weakened and the cruel claws were ever ready to chal- lenge hisevery move. Suddenly their world was thrown into consternation at the news that the Cure’s Fox had forced his way through the bars of his pen and only the broad tracks in the snow showed whence he had gone. “Such _ foolishness’’ said Pierre Tremblay in respectful rebuke ‘““To pay three hundred dollars for a live fox, for me, better a red one nailed to my door.” One week later, fifty miles to the eastward towards the Gulf, there drifted back tidings of the sudden appearance of an enormous silver fox and from the meagre discriptions the Cure and his people were positive that it was the fox of their acquaint- ance. Come with me into that wild and little known country that sweeps up from the very mouth of the Gulf. For about the distance of a mile in- wards from the tumbling frothy waters of the sea stretches a drear plane of piled and jagged ice right up to the fringe of heavy timber that in turn rolls back in,serried rank on rank to that place of story and romance the Hudson’s Bay full three hundred miles away. In the tranquil shelter of this mighty forest lies countless streams, rivers, lakes and almost oceans along whose frozen banks there scurries in the ways of their lives, numberless small crea- tures. Step still further with me into the shadows of the giant, snow en- cumbered balsams. Across the rott- ing trunk of a prostrate hardwood mercifully covered with snow shows the cautious uncertain trail of a fisher. Down by these black rocks 1248 yonder, the absence of snow on the lower branches of the trees marks the winter den of some long sleeping bears. Across the little clearing there sweeps with noble tread a stately buck. With the peculiar gentleness of his kind he mincingly lifts each little foot and cups it softly and daintily in the yielding snow. It was in this forest that Cure Pouliot’s silver fox had been sighted, No human trail broke the virgin glory of that white carpet. Truly the sly silver could not have chosen a better place, or one more excluded from all contact with his late captors. In the days that followed however, men did make their appearance, big keen, clever woodsmen whose very existence depended on their skill and cunning with the trap and deadfall. They too had heard of the silver and they leftnospot untrampled inaneffort to locate his runways. Twice did the wary fox catch sight of his would-be captors. On each occasion he quietly melted into the darkness of his den in the massive — trunk of a long dead balsam. True on one of these occasions there was a dog and the fox’s hair rose on his arched back as the sniffing animal pointed his nose towards him but fortunately a galloping rabbit tore past and the fox was safe. The days that followed were crammed to the brim with eventful happenings. Wary from his short association with humans he avoided signs of man with careful intent and kept out of sight and sound of unknown things. Noises, of which he knew not their origin, would cause him to sink from sight into the surrounding shadows, The cunning of generations was crystallized in this wonderful silver fox than which there is no more valuable animal in the world. Track- ing the plump spruce partridge or even the swift white plarmigan was of small moment to him. With un- bounded faith in his own strength and powers of endurance, on two occasions he pitted his strength of jaw and quickness of movement against those brainy fellows, the fishers. The first time being a trifle slow he came out of the encounter ROD AND GUN IN CANADA -a lately killed. ptarmigan. with nothing worse than a three inch gash in his chest where a sharp claw had sought for the fatal lunge. The other time, however, he chose the moment when one of his enemies was gourging on the sweet tender flesh of noiseless swoop of the great horn he leaped upon the brown back, one snap of the wonderful jaws,a wrench of the neck to the shoulders and his victim lay quivering on the blood stained snow. Not always did the silver risk injury in this fashion and he more often contented himself with the lazy stalking of feathered prey. With the characteristic restlessness of his kind he wandered dozens of miles in a single night searching for what he | knew not. On a certain one of these long runs, as the grey dawn was breaking over the tree tops, his super- sensitive nose warned him of the — nearness Of humans. With infinite caution he slipped silently between the shadowy tree trunks that breasted right up to the rear of a farmer’s barn. The familiar scent of fowl was wafted_ to his nostrils on the gentle morning breeze. Pausing in his walk he sniffed his way around its sides, © pushed and wormed his way through the wires of a hen coop erected against — the south side of the barn. Once inside, his instinet led him to’ slip through the little door into a dark foul smelling chicken house. An un- easy bird squawked loudly and flut- pe tered from its perch, startled for a second the fox switched his tail and ~ leaped against the wall, there was a tang and the little door through which he had come dropped with a bang. Disquieted at the sound, he turned and sought to make his way back,his wet nose bumped unpleasantly against __ the closed door. He clawed at the wood, the birds got excited and the — night was filled with squawks, clatter _ and the flapping of wings. Some geese in a corner now lent their voices to the discordant uproar silver became frantic. Abandonin the door he leaped for the smal window set waist high in the wall. It was covered with wire. He scurried into the furthermost corner shoulder- \ re -' oS With the © and the © erat eas ~ side with reddening flanks. ng terrified chickens on his way. The door was flung open and a lantern flashed in the hands of the awakened farmer. A small white thing darted excitedly toward the fox. A snarl simultaneous with a side swipe and the poor little terrier was flung to one amazed farmer saw a huge blackshape bearing down on him and before he could move it shot out of the door. Experience is a wonderful teacher and the lesson he learned that night made tS ated ~ spot, but not le noir. ~ Sie - frozen chain and the black cold iron a deep and lasting impression on his receptive brain; while to the people of the settlement the farmer’s tale of the adventure lost nothing in the telling of it so that gradually the night maurader became, in the minds of the people, the size of a wolf. The routine of the nightly hunts never grew monotonous and éach occasion brought its own peculiar lesson; mistakes that would only occur once. His own kind he scrupulously avoided. A strange thing befell him one night when he was far from his resting place of the day. Galloping along the trail that cut through and under the thick underbrush, he sensed a fox. Had he been a lynx or a fisher he might have headed straight for the He was too ‘wise for that. Pointing to the left he made a huge circle keeping well clear of its approximate centre where he figured lay the scent that had attracted him. Narrower and narrower he circled till he caught the faint whine of one of his own kind. There was untold desolation in that sound that gripped at the heart of the silver. bellied to the snow in the shadow of a low cherry and eyed the red fox that lay in the snow not twenty yards from him. For the life of him he couldn’t understand why the red should want to lie in such a place full in the faint light of the moon. Sud- _denly the red, unaware of the watch- ing silver, sprang viciously into the There was the stiff rattle of a jaws that was clasped around one slender leg flashed in the moonlight. That this was the work of man the silver fox was convinced and he as 3 = ROD AND GUN IN CANADA And the: Quietly he plan of evil design. -mincingly around, throwing the bird 1249 slipped away into the darkness with another lesson stored up for future use. For of all the cunning denizens of the great forests none surpass the wonder- ful reasoning of the fox, and this big silver was endowed with a remarkable share of craftiness and wisdom. The end of January found the cold season fast approaching its peak and in a few weeks the world was gripped by the icy fingers of a terrible cold spell. The balsams stiffened and grew rigid in their shields of snow and ice. The hardwoods became brittle as glass. The snow no longer swirled with the wind. It hardened into a surface that showed no telltale tracks. Few animals moved. The marten, mink and fisher hugged their bur- rows while the foxes and great grey lynx moved only through necessity. The shadowy forms of the big horned owls swished through the sky in fruitless search eager to tackle any- thing that moved. Thoroughly. protected by his long thick black coat, the silver, during the day, cuddled close in his warm den, swept his magnificent brush around his slender legs and slept with the inevitable eye open. Hunting at this time was favored with ill results, thus when early one morning after hours of fruitless stalking his wet nose caught the appetizing scent of partridge he licked his chops in anticipation and galloped towards it with less than his usual caution. A mile of circling brought the meal within sight. It was perched on top - of the tightly packed snow at the foot of a young balsam. With a song in his heart the silver bellied to the snow and watched his opportunity to launch the sure leap. The bird wakened to its danger and flopped to one side, the watcher was aston- ished to see it jerk suddenly onto its back. Twice and thrice it repeated this odd performance. Where had he seen such antics before? Suddenly the lesson of the trapped fox burst on his consciousness and he realized that here again was some man-made He circled into a flurry of excitement. He was loath to leave a possible meal. They 1250 were too hard to get just at this time but so cleverly had the traps been set for the inquiring foxes that he failed to detect a single human scent; but his lessons had been well learned and after watching the excited bait for some time he loped off on other trails. The silver fox saw many traps set for his capture but clever as was their arrangement they failed to achieve their purpose. Scores of times he fled from the very snares that were set exclusively for his own enjoyment. On one such occasion he was feeding on the juicy flesh of a clumsy rabbit that had blundered inte the iron jaws of a fox trap when the bushes were thrust aside and a hunter came full upon him. Both had to think quickly, a fraction of a second meant life to the fox and a thousand dollars to the man and the fox proved the quicker of the two. With a leap he tore through the balsams even as the hunter’s rifle shattered the silence. Hours later with sides heaving, lungs strained to bursting he limped on sorely bleeding paws to his den in the tree stump. The hunt for the wonderful silver increased in intensity while bitter soul- searing cold searched out the weak and laid them low. It was then that the fox realized that owning the most valuable fur coat in the world has its enalties and big disadvantages. Fur ive houses from one end of the country to the other began acknow- ledging letters from this district re- questing information as to the price they would pay for an enormous silver fox pelt. : ™ No other silver of his size, had been seen for years. Moreover the story of the woodsman who had had a shot at him bore out the conclusion that he was a fox of extraordinaty size and quality worth all sorts of money to the man lucky enough to trap him. The days that followed were mighty eventful to the fox. With the growing scarcity of game in the wooded mountains he was of necessity forced to work down towards the valleys and then it was only a matter of time before he would come in open con- fliet with the plans of men. An early morning raid on an ROD AND GUN IN CANADA | caeer j at isolated chicken house was the be-— 3 ginning of the end. Why spend hours J of hard weary labor in an ofttimes a fruitless hunt when all one had to do- e was to slip quietly into some chicken _ A house and feast on the inmates that fluttered about one’s head. mee | With the strengthening of this “s habit, the bolder he grewtill now he no ; a 4 -longer choose his farm but raided _ indiscriminatingly. Thus on one such occasion he exacted heavy toll of the heavy buff cochins in -the barn of Petit Gros Louis. These chickens it might be said were the joy of Gros Louis life though possibly if he doted, on anything as much it would be his — & big Airedale dog. When Gros Louis, — on his morning visit to the barn, dis- ee covered the theft and murder of his pets he set the dog at once upon the faintly showipg prints that came and : went from the barn and the conten-— Bot tion of the neighbors that Gros Louis’ dog was bon a rien was utterly set by the ears. The Airedale put ~— his nose to the ground or rather snow. om with his master in the ak set se Oil. fi far Meanwhile, thesilver unconscious of the things he had started was ten miles away curled comfortably up ~— in his den, sleeping the untroubled Beas sleep of the wellfed and content. For hours he slept, indeed thesunwashigh __ e in the heavens when he was awakened by some unusual sound. Raising his ruffled neck he strained his ears for its repetition. It came in the un- at mistakable grunt of a heavy running = dog. The hair bristled along the fox’s back and he stepped with in- ‘ solent tread from out of the darkness © of the den to the bright light of a — sunny day. Not a mile away he © caught sight of the brown coat of the Airedale galloping heavily but in- | exorably up the slope that led to the foot hills. One long steady look he — gave, then he put his nose to the snow and slid into a long steady lope. First cone he headed directly to the south | working in a gigantic circle till the pursuing dog was far behind him, then following the habit of his kind =~ he doubled on his tracks of the night ae and shot away to the north forgetting = a dog that was on his trail. For hours he swept through the dense shrubbery of the foothills till he at last burst into a little clearing having in its centre a little cluster of black “rocks. Instinctively searching one out whose flat surface was warm- ed by the sun he stretched his hot 5 _ panting length on its soothing touch. a wee “His” usually. keen’ sensibilities dulled iB by the mighty laboring of his heart he failed to get the approaching scent oe of the hard running Airedale. The bushes were dashed apart and the dog came crashing at his prey. zt - JIn a flash the silver was on his back, £ his claws presented to the foe. Wise dog that he was, however, the Aire- dale paused in ‘his tracks, pointed his nose to the sky and for ‘the space of a minute howled to the four cor- ners of the compass. With blood shot eyes and quaking heart the silver - watched this strange behavior. Having called his people the dog now circled the fox in a slow sinister way. Wedged tightly in between two slabs of the black rock he pre- sented to the attacker a front that was decidedly formidable. ee Two hours later two more dogs _. picked up the scent at the den and suddenly their deep baying drifted _ * down to the panting fox.. At the top Se of the low hill they halted for a ee ROD AND GUN|IN CANADA altogether to ‘reckon on the type of 1251 moment then with deep throated barks tore down on their victim. The silver wedged himself more securely under the overhanging rock -and prepared to fight for his very life. Alone and given equal chances he. might have escaped, but three were exactly, two too many for him. As the first dog, the Airedale sprang in on his slender paw shot out and with lightning like quickness tore open the brown sweating face. The other dog, a Dane was at his shoulder in a twinkling and the cruel teeth snapped a scant hair’s breadth from the fox’s paw. Quick as a flash both paws shot out and raked his face too. Before he could recover from his lunge, the Airedale rushed under his guard and sank his teeth high up on his left front paw. The game was up and the fox should have known it but his great staunch heart refused to admit defeat and he slashed and tore at _ his assailents doing fearful execution with his free paw. The Airedale suddenly let go his hold only to secure a fatal Srip in the panting chest, a wrench and the gallant silver shuddered and lay still while the dogs crawled away to lick their hurts. It began to snow, silently and thickly the great flakes floated down on the terribly mangled silver black form covering in reverent shroud a great and gallant heart stilled forever. _— | lin € i Mil iB \r tee 4 ] Big Game Hunting in British Columbia A. BryAN WILLIAMS PART X. WONDER how many head of caribou we have seen in the last three days. I intend- ed to have kept count of the number, but after the first day I forgot all about it, as I usually do. We have not seen hardly ‘as many as I expected, possibly three or four hundred and the biggest band did not exceed twenty seven head. Still you would think that out of that number we might have found a couple of heads to suit us. However, we are still eating moose meat and it looks as. if we should havg to continue doing so until we move camp. Of course we have seen a few nice heads that lots of men would have been overjoyed to get, but as we still have a \ _ few days to spare I think our best plan is to do a long day’s travel further up the range and try new ground in hopes of finding some really fine ones. Last year there were lots of splen-. did bulls close by here, but then it was at least a week later that I was here and that makes a lot of difference. You see, though you may think that this range is alive with caribou, still after all we are only on the edge of the main caribou range which is some eighty or ninety miles further east. If we were there we should be almost certain to see enormous ~ numbers and some of the herds would con- tain from one to five hundred head. Why. not go there? Well ycur chances would not no matter how good the feed was. be very much better than here for though you might see plenty of bulls you wanted, you would likely find that those particular beasts were surrounded by others that would be in your way when you came to make your stalk. Asit is, some of the finest bulls are sure to be wandering out this way before long as there are enough cows here to attract them. At present I think they are further east and the _ reason I want to move camp in that direction — is so that we can meet them. It is splendid the way the weather is keep- ing fine, just two little flurries of snow so far and that gone almost at once, and now we have another perfect day tomovecamp. We are lucky in having a good lot of horses that are easy to pack and do not everlastingly want to be hitting the trail for home. One year I was out we had nothing but huge horses, far too heavy for the work and never content to stay where they were turned out, There is nothing that I know of that is more trying to your temper than packing such horses. Try as I would I could not always cinch them up tight enough as they would blow themselves out just as I took a pull, then about the time the pack was on and the “hitch” thrown I would find that the cinch was slack and it would all have to be done again. In addition 1276 it was twice as hard lifting the packs up those few extra inches especially as one or two of them had a trick of biting whenever they got achance. Altogether I had a bad time of it with them and often had hard work to keep my temper, and not to do that with pack horses is a most fatal mistake. Thank good- ness we have not much packing to do today as we are only going to take a few days’ grub so as to have as light loads as Bcrsrait and be able to travel fast. How far are we going to go? As far as ever we can and I hope we shall make at least fifteen miles, more if possible. I do not an- ticipate trouble with soft ground as we will go right up out! of the willows and travel along the dry plateau for ten miles or so. After that we shall have to descend and cross the tundra over towards the opposite foot- hills as that is the only place I know of where we could find any wood. It is lucky we moved camp yesterday as it looks like snow this morning and I doubt if it will be safe to go far from camp today, still we will go for a short distance as we may have the - luck to find what we want close by; we not only saw several fair sized herds a short dis- tance further on, just before we reached here yesterday, but I noticed tracks that were undoubtedly made by very big bulls. Of course the fact that an animal has large feet and leaves a big track does not necessitate his having horns to correspond with ‘his feet, though the chances are better. You had better put on a sweater under your coat to- day, there is not likely to be any sun and it will be cold if we have to wait about much. We will go on foot as we are not going far enough to need the horses. Look, there is a big bunch of caribou right up out of the willows on the higher ground, there are nearly forty head, most of them are | lying down. There are a number of bulls among them and two at least appear to be the possessors of extra big horns, but they are a good mile away and too far for me to make sure. I can also see several other small lots at various distances but we will hurry up and get closer to the big lot first. This is as close as we can go to them without them seeing us and we are still quite away off a reasonable shot. It is too bad as one of those bulls is a beauty. Look at the width of the palmatian of his tops and even from here you can make out some huge points branching out from them. Then the beam, while perhaps not over long, is heavy and in addition there is a splendid wide plough that ROD AND GUN IN CANADA is far above the average for this species. — ‘No, this species of caribou never has ploughs that can compare in size with those of Newfound- fa land, but in that country nearly the whole of cf the horn growth is concentrated in the lower — parts and they never have tops worthy of. the name. Yes, I have met a few men who consider the Newfoundland type the mor be beautiful of the two but it is a matter of opin- : ET ion; personally I infinitely prefer these with es their great length and fine tops. That beast | in front of us is what I consider a splendid — ‘3 specimen of an all round head. If you prefer — it you can get much longer massive horns, e but they will surely be lacking in points. On the other hand you can get one with more. * points, but the chances are that they will beng short in the beam. © Altogether I think you — had better shoot this one if you can get bisa hi range, though I do not see any chance of yo soe doing so just at present. AS ea a No, there i is no possible way that I can — ae ; seeing us. All the ground in front of us is as level as a billiard table; they certainly h chosen a safe place for their siesta. a come close they are more than likely to ke = too far away when circling round for | our wind. If we lie here for a time they may move over the brow of the hill, or down in the willows to feed, when we could slip de this little draw and get near them easily, they might even take a notion to come wind towards.us. They are quite unconsei of our presence so we will wait a while any- Way. \. Se Nearly all of them are on their feet now 3 it will not be long before they begin to move I am mighty glad of it as we have Leen waiti around here for nearly three hours, if th had only been doing something interestin would not have been so monotonous but Ww them all lying down, apparently asleep have had about enough of it. I an frozen too as I can plainly see you are now it has begun to snow quite hard. I had not already begun to move about I y woul have shown myself and taken a chance on their coming towards us as we ought to moving back towards camp in case this gets too bad. : a Now that is unkind of them, see the y moving straight away from us and we st * ~. -~ ROD AND GUN IN CANADA _have to let them go at least a quarter of a mile before we dare start after them. They _ might at any rate have gone down into the willows. If we were wise we would leave them alone and pull out for camp as we must be a good two miles from it and I really do not believe it is safe to go any further away in this snowstorm. Well if you care to take the chance of getting lost and having to stay out all night we will go on after them, but I warn you it is a bit of a risk as goodness only knows when we shall get suitable ground for a stalk. _ There at last they are out of sight: that -_wretched little bull must needs hang around on the brow of the hill in a most obstinate. manner, however we can push along now but ‘we must not be in too big a hurry at first as some of them nee take a notion to come back. He has a beautiful head all right and you have the satisfaction of having killed him with one shot at a distance of at least one hundred and fifty yards. Of course my kneeling down and letting you use my back for a rest for your rifle was a great help, nevertheless it was -a good shot as you placed your bullet exactly on the right spot.. I would have waited and tried to get closer, as I think we might have done, but we have had such a long chase that _ it is now getting on in the afternoon and I ¥ = was anxious about getting back to camp to- night if we delayed any longer. As it is I must hurry up and take out the inside as the weather is getting worse all the time and we are miles from our tents. It certainly has been a great hunt. I should think we must have followed them three miles up on the plateau and when at last they descended the — hill we were further behind them than when ete we started after them. We could not have “had much more difficult ground for cover, =< es ran into.. ar 2° hardly any depressions or hollows worthy of the same for the greater part of the way and if we had not at last found a gulch going the way we wanted it to for a good half mile we should never have got near them at all. Even as it was it was, only by doing a record sprint that we managed to keep in sight of them through the snow and not get them mix- ed up with those two other bunches we nearly I thought we were going to get them easily when at last they did turn down hill into the willows, but that old cow simply would not let them stop and feed. Did you notice: how she everlastingly took the lead _ and pushed on in spite of the others spreading _ out and beginning to pick at the willows. _ Then we lost a chance when we tried to make it is a vital necessity for him to do so. 1277 a short cut and had to retrace our steps owing to the ground between those ponds being too soft for us to cross. Then again half an hour afterwards when we thought we were in a good position that old dragon of a cow must needs drag them all off up hill again and upset all our calculations. That manoeuvre of her’s very nearly gave them our wind and I am not sure they did not get a touch of it; anyway they kept going at an increased speed for some time afterwards. Our bull evident- ly had enough chasing all over the country and at last turned down hill on his own account and the rest, being hungry, voted in favour of his move and followed him, so that we were able finally to head them off and now he lies there dead. You certainly are earning your trophies now and if I am not much mistaken you are going to pay a higher price for this one than for all the others as it is beginning to get so thick and misty it is going to take us all our time to find our way back, so the sooner we start the better. Wait a second while I tear out a piece of the tenderloin from the inside if I can get at it and then we will be off. Which way are we going? I am going to ‘try and make our way through the middle of the “tundra,” keeping the wind in my back foraguide. Weshall have to take our chance, of running foul of ponds and swamps as to go back the way we came would nearly double the distance and mean being caught in the dark tong before we got back and it might turn too foggy for us to find our way down to where we could get wood for a fire. By going this way, while we shall have harder walking, if we have luck we will make camp all right. How are your legs holding out? What! you are nearly played out. Nonsense, you are good for ten miles of this yet if you only knew it. I am feeling a bit fagged. myself; the last marsh we crossed was a bad one. I went in nearly up to the waist when I stumb- led into that soft spot. I am soaked to the skin and I expect you are about as wet as I am from the snow off the bushes. Anyway if you are not you soon will be if that is any consolation to you. You think you are tired, but you are not really so, only just a bit weary and you would find that you could go plugging along for hours if it were really necessary. It is astonishing how a man, who is in good condition, can keep going when After a time you get to such a state that you cannot feel much more fatigued and you struggle on ‘. 1278 and on, though every step is an effort. Then every little stick, hole or other obstacle that you would never notice when you were fresh, trips you up and every time you fall you find it takes a greater effort to get up. Perhaps after a time when you have had a fall you lie for a bit to rest, regardless of the fact that the ground is soaking wet or covered with snow, and you feel you want to go on lying there. When you get to that state then you really are tired and it is about time you’ made a big effort and hunted up a place where you can get a fire and lie up. But you are a long way from being in such a state; perhaps if we had to keep going until tomorrow morning you would be getting that way, but we are cer- tainly not going to have to do that. Asa matter of fact we cannot be more than three miles or four_at the outside from our camp and if this snowstorm would only stop so that I could see just where I was going we would be back there in a couple of hours. So far we have done all right though we did get a bit tangled up in the marshes and willows and may have travelled a mile-more than was necessary but the main thing is that I now know just where we are and I think we shall make camp if it does not get any worse. How do I know where we are when I cannot see two hundred yards away? Do you remember . when we began to spy this morning I pointed out to you a whole lot of little lakes and ponds, some of them were in bunches, others by them- selves? Then there were big open grassy marshes and places where there were tall scattered willows and ridges thickly covered with “buck brush.” I suppose you did not do more than give a casual glance at it all, being far too intent on thoughts of getting a shot at a good bull. Well if you did not take . any note of the country I must have done so as I could draw you a fair map of it. We have wandered into the midst of five little ponds that I remember to be right out in the centre of the “tundra” and directly opposite the centre of the big lake. The three knolls that are near our camp are slightly to the right of the direction the wind is blowing, but we shall have to go out of our way still more to try and get on some ridge where the ground is harder, as this wallowing through slush up to your boot tops is far from en- couraging. Big game hunting is a rotten job, is it not? Nobody but a senseless idiot would go out into the mountains and labour like we have been doing when he might have been sitting by his home fire in’ comfort. The thought the other. ROD AND GUN IN CANADA of a warm cosy house se a good dinner wait-_ ing for you and a nice easy chair and a pipe as you read the paper afterwards, fill your % thoughts now do they not? Asit is you are — wet and tired and it is snowing harder than _ ever. The wind has died down and a fog” got up so that we do not know where our camp is. Altogether we are in a bad way. Is — that how you feel? Not quite as bad as that yet, eh? Good for you, I thought you had ~~ more grit and you will make a big game hunter ss et. You are still thinking of that big bull ~ © caribou and what a fine pair of horns he has and what a chase we had after him? That is the way to look at it. The trophy will have a far greater value for the hard time you ale having now as you are going to find out some- — Sag thing about what the men who live up- Ente this country and hunt and trap and prospect aa. sometimes have to endure, but I can assure + you it is only going to be a mild taste of hard- ship. Wait until you have been caught out __ in deep snow with the thermometer thirty or ae forty degrees below zero, then you will know something of what hardship really is. But — a we must not stop here any longer or we hate get chilled through. We will take rests oma casionally but they must only be for a ne Se ‘or two at a time. Ase I believe we are within a mile of our cam a perhaps quite close but in weather like tes we might pass within a hundred yards of it — and not know it was there. For some ti so far in vain. not - know that it would help as ‘the horses might bably they have found some sort of siete and are standing still. ss No, a compass would be useless. How we know whether camp is north, south, east or west of us, we may not have got as far as it is or we may have passed it or “one side or A compass is useful when you want to go in any particular direction and — set your course from camp and it is often a great assistance in a timbered country, but in a case of this kind it is useless. I believe. we are well beyond the big lake and, judging | by the size of the willows, on a lower level than we should be, but that is all I know ex- ‘ cept that if I am right in my supposition we = are not sw from some clumps of small bal- sams. getting dark so we had Ra bs vf make an ake to find some. , We are in luck, here is a nice little clu mp of balsams, they are very small, but will do us, so here is where we stay the aight ‘Tt is | = ee ae ba . \ no use fooling about in the dark as the chances \_ of finding camp now are nil. We might not run across another place as good as this and have to make a fire with dead willow sticks and perhaps not find enough to last us until daylight. As it is we will soonbe comfortable; hustle around and cut all the brush you can cut with your butcher knife. I will hunt up some dry sticks to light a fire and then build a shelter with the brush you have cut. I saved the paper from our lunch this morning so I shall have something to start the fire with which is lucky as the snow has wet all the twigs. “Here, you need not at any more wood, I think we have enough to last us until morn- ing. ‘ Come and look at the nest I have built. Do you see how I cut an opening in the brush and fastened a stick across the top of these two bushes? I laid a number of long willows slanting onto it and then shingled it with _« brush and now all we have to do is lay some more brush under it to sit on. It would not keep out much rain, but it will the snow and once we have a good fire going you will feel more cheerful. I see you are shivering and feel utterly miserable; that is because you stood still too ve long doing nothing, but the fire is going fairly well’ “how and I will soon have a blaze that will warm you up. See, I am throwing on a pile of green balsam brush, it looks wet enough to put the fire-out, but do not fear. Just [ROD AND GUN IN CANADA % 1279 wait until it drys and it will go up in a big blaze and give out no end of heat for a few minutes. It will soon die down, but we will keep piling more on until we get a lot of coals and can burn bigger stuff. I thought I would warm you up. You feel better now? ‘Take off your boots and wring out your wet socks and hang them up to dry, then take some snow and not only wash your face with it, but your feet too. You will find that it will not only freshen you up but make you less liable to catch cold, though I do not think there is much danger of your: doing that out here. The time you will catch cold is on the stuffy boat on your way back to town. Now I will get some supper ready, though it will only consist of chunks of that tenderloin that I put in my pocket and they will have to be toasted on sticks and eaten without salt. Still I expect you will find that it goes down well; I know I shall enjoy it as I am mighty hungry. Yes, when I left that caribou I had an inkling that we should not get back to camp tonight, in fact I had a pretty good suspicion of it when we first started the chase after him and that is the reason I took. the trouble to carry this meat. It is nearly ten o’clock so as we are fairly dry .now we may as well coil up as near the fire as We can and try and get some sleep. (To be continued.) Feathered Invasions J. W. WINSON ¢ N the beginning, the sportsman was a food-hunter, purely and simply. There was no “call of the wild’”’ beyond the call - of the stomach, and whether he hurled stones or arrows, laid traps or nests, used gun or fish-hook, he was out to satisfy the hunger of his family. | Gradually this first object of the chase is disappearing and is to be found only in Eskimos and other native races; or back- woodsmen and travellers who must “live on the country.”” The sportsman today, while ~ enjoying more than any other-man the dishes made possible by his success with rod and gun, would go out just as eagerly if his victims were only vermin. ° His steak and chops come from prosaic pastures and stuffy styes, his drumsticks and ’ gratification, wishbones from coop and barnyard. There is nothing romantic in butchering; little that is thrilling and glorious in the poultry run. The sporting instinct turns elsewhere for will go even so far as the African veldt if funds permit, and will find exciting enjoyment in the torrid plains where lions roar, in the sweltering marshes where elephants gambol or the bubbling mud where hippos frisk and crocodiles flirt. When hunting tiger through the trembling jungle or climbing impossible crags for mountain goat, the primeval urge of hunger is left far behind; it is now a test of wit and skill, the ancient instinct is evolving into something greater. The primary need for hunting is gone, and sport becomes a higher and more generous 1280. 3.73 art every year. The Migratory Birds Act with its international scope is a monument of this advance; for it is designed as much by and in the interests of sportsmen as of agriculturalists. Its aim is to conserve game birds as well as the insectivorous, to establish as far as possible, a fair share of Sport all over the continent. A continent spread from Arctic snows to tropic jungle, from eastern gulfs to western seas with great lakes, high ranges, rivers and prairies, is bound to contain much diversity; birds plentiful in one place will be absent in~ Some rare Visitor welcomed with joy in one locality, may be a nuisance a thousand miles away. Under one act, protection will be uniform, but there must be modifications under regulations that will allow hardships to be lightened. Where a bird becomes a pest, relief must be granted. These provisions are all in the treaty, but it will be obvious that their execution must be in the hands of sportsmen. Where permission is given for the reduction of any birds that are causing unwonted damage, the wardens must see that the slaughter is regular, and is confined to the bird and the district mentioned. For this they will inyite the co-operation of sportsmen and no better method could be devised than to grant permission to the local gun club for the combining of sport. with usefulness to the community. Some birds under this new protection will increase faster than-others; birds like the bobolinks that were shot in thousands on the Louisiana rice fields, robins and black- birds that are considered large enough for the pot by some of the southerners. The robin in the Fraser Valley of British Columbia is gaining numbers that many fruit growers look upon with alarm. There is a huge flock of band-tailed pigeons near Vancouver that threaten any small acreage of chicken wheat with complete destruction. Sportsmen may soon be called in to restore any such unequal balance, and not only will there be sport in the shooting (and food supply too, seeing that Japanese will go from the city in autos for robin-Shoots, and enjoy the bag!) but there is also somewhat of an obligation in it, for, had they not ruthlessly shot every hawk in sight for years, these larger perching birds would not be so numer- ous. The Valley of the Sumas, a tributary of the Fraser about fifty miles from its mouth was troubled last year by a large flock of another. ROD AND GUN IN v CANADA . and Americ an starlings, is in color jet DI a Lewis wanda ate: This valley eeronseds the International Boundary Line, i is noted, at least on its American side, for the fine quality of peas that are grown there. The weevil — has | not yet ah this district, and the cro has discovered eis good qualities, oie passed the good word to his fellows. whe a fell upon it with appreciation. _The peas round the edge of the field, those left exposed by the drill, are legitimate spoil — ee for bird or rodent, but the ‘woodpeckers, were keen-eyed enough to find those only ps covered, which of course would. germin and were even accused of digging for tl They made no secret of their raiding. ‘came on to a field and stayed there, going n further than the fence, for days. | “Tt was no’ a variation in their cen nay, diet—but ba course for every meal. © 3 . 2 Peas Naturally, the farmers sot But iets ene < Local stores were denuded of shells, and n till then did the battle cease. If conditio are the same this year, the federal officers state game wardens must take charge. ; The Lewis woodpecker is not a woo half its time. It flies with a regul like a crow, not with the jerky leap: > Pe Pa rest of its tribe. ; ba es It will sit on a snag ‘on pep: and | cat insects like a king-bird, darting in the ail - twisting back to its perch in true flyea ut ch fashion. It is so fond of cherries that a n ew local name for it is cherry-bird, and when the fruit grower sees closely the crimson dash of es color on forehead and neck, he is incline a ae call it cherry stain, mast ee A grey collar is another diitinciaen : grey breast gradually deepens to red under — ; wing and tail. we The under feathers are bristly. The wh le _of its back and wings are a polished — bla with an iridescent sheen of green. the — An alien immigrant, that is non-migrator 0) is colonizing the eaves of Vancouver city / under the name of the Japanese starli ay alee bird is of the size and build of the European Bi! each wie As some one said “They ha silver dollars on their wings.” U feature is a small tuft of feathers hanging V the base of the beak, looking as if the b was swollen. . These bitds are escapes from Ja Aanese F a <= . x ss a P te - any fishing vessels or from the oriental immigrants \who-brought them in cages. _ They are to be found in the Phillipines and Hawaiian Islands under the same circum- stances, staying at all times about the city buildings. They are the Myria birds of India and Assam, coming originally it is thought from Southern China. Their habits of sociability, * ‘talkability,” and adaptability to confinement, make them favorite cage birds among certain of the Chinese and Japs, hence their arrival in British Columbia. It may be said with safety there are now thousands in Vancouver. They have ex- tended to the suburbs, and to New West- minster, twelve miles away. They join the ever present house-sparrow on the eaves” -and wires and in the gutters. Grain and. garbage, fruit and insects, anything at all edible goes for their fare. For nesting sites there are crannies in roofs and buildings that janitors cannot reach or guess. On vacant lots there are snag-holes, woodpecker holes and similar dark recesses. These agree with their home sites in China, where. they also make holes in soft banks. They feed in. flocks as a rule, making regular rounds of certain districts, and can be seen in | many suburban gardens where berries © and grubs are plentiful. As the streets are better kept, garbage collected and conserved more ¢ closely, their ‘source of food will be - di iminished, they will be forced to take to the eountry for sustenance. You will doubtless be interested in the é: Blirosva'aptes concerning the glimmer of ‘reason in the fishes. By the way, it is now the opinion - ef some scientists that man’s ascent biologically was through the fish family. | ‘It has been proved by a French naturalist, as the result of a series of interest- ing experiments that fish can actually reason, _ though very slowly. M. Oxner baited a hook and fastened a tiny piece of white paper about two inches above it. With this~ bait he tempted a recently captured fish. The fish, however, was wily and for seven days refused ' the bait. ‘Then, when the week-old memory of his. capture - ‘had apparently vanished from the mind, the fish" bit and was hooked. M. ~Oxner carefully unhooked the catch and re- placed it in the water, also readjusting the = bait with see worming. paper. Three times ROD AND GUN IN CANADA . changes. Then must the truck gardener and farmer - and the fish bit the bait. 1281 look to their crops. They were first recorded in Vancouver by Mr. Kemrode, in 1904. In twenty years the dozen or so has become a thousand and more. How soon the two thousands may become a plague is not a long computation. They have very few enemies. Hawks and owls do not love city smoke and noise. An oecasional Cooper hawk may be seen in the city, or a Sawhet owl in the sub- urbs, but these are very little check. Senti- ment favors the birds at present. They do no harm in the city. Their pretty magpie flight and soft musical twitterings are a com- fort to the cooped-up business man with a yearning for the wilderness. But sentiment The world is run for’ economic ends rather than sentimental, and it may not be long before a cry is raised against thése Asiatics. Here will be another opportunity for the sportsman to come to the aid of the farmer who has, perhaps grudgingly and involun- tarily supported the hunter’s game. It should be a source of confidence and: co- operation between the two classes who. are oftimes at variance in settled districts. It should do at least this—incite sportsmen to study the habits and lifé-histories of other birds and animals than those which fall to their gun under the present laws. The man behind the gun is no less a fine sportsman,if he knows the non-injurious hawks and owls at sight, and the larger insectivorous and non-game birds that deserve no pepper from his shells—and are protected by law. _ Reasoning by Fish Guy BoGART the fish bit with a day’s interval between each bite. After that it no longer touched the bait for the meaning of the paper signal had become known to it. On the twelfth day the piece of paper was removed from the hook The paper was replaced, and ior three days the fish refused to tackle the lure, contenting himself with watching it from a safe distance. On the fourth day, however, the fish swam right up to the paper signal, sniffed it, and then descended, and very cautiously nibbled the bait until it had succeeded in eating it all off the hook without swallowing the latter. On the hook being replaced, the fish did exactly the same thing, and so carefully avoided: capture. Experiments with other fish carried out by M. Oxner had similar results, Four Deer in Three Days <= J. KNAPP Se N 1913 seme of us had been hunting some | few days at the first of the season in the old bush near Crow Lake. We had very poor luck as the snow had not come yet, and we were “still” hunting, so we stayed out of the bush for afew days. Near the end of the season down came a good tracking snow, so my Dad, Ed. Reynolds, Rube Tharrit and myself started out one morning in couples, Ed ard I keeping down what we called the “front ridges’’ which were lying along the new line of the C.P.R., which was just being built at that time. Dad and Rube kept fur- ther north by the Loyal fields. We had gone about a mile when we came to the track of the big buck travelling north, so we followedit. He kept feeding and travel- ling from place to place until he crossed the east end of Loyal’s fields. We ran -across Dad’s and Rube’s tracks while they were following the track ofa small deer, which was going east, and looked to us as though it was making for Long Point on Rock Lake. We left the track we were following and took after them as we thought it a surer kill to get the four of us after the one on Long Point, and say, didn’t we run? ‘The deer was goingfast, and Rube and the old man were making good time, I’ll say. We didn’t overtake them until they had gone about two miles and had got out on the point where they had separated. Rube had gone down the north side while the old man had taken the south ‘side which the deer had followed. Ed went after Rube, and I had gone a short distance, when I left the old man to watch on a hill. I went on after the deer, which was a fawn and it acted just like fawns gen- erally do. It crawled into all the mean places it could find and finally got out near the end of the point and went in under a ledge of rocks and laid down. It had taken a round about course to get in there, and seeing me going by on its track, he thought he had better be getting along. 1 saw the deer as he flipped across a rock. I blazed one shot at him for luck and let the others know he was coming. I had broken a front leg, low down, as we found out after. Well he ran out near Ed and stopped in some very thick second growth, so Ed started to shoet and run toward the fawn: It turned and came back towards me again, but it never got to me as Ed hit it a couple of times and was chasing along trying ‘shoot for danger of hitting him. — ’ a .%" oe to get an open place where he could finish eae ‘A of nn He saw it a short distance ahead, so he ran © up, caught it and cut its throat. still see Ed after that fawn. We dressed the fawn and bagged it. Rube and Dad came down to us, then we made a fire and ate some of our lunch. Afterwards, the old gent, being pretty tired, said that he would take the fawn and start for home. The other three of us went on after the big buck. We followed him down north of Rock — Lake where we raised him without even. hearing him run. big greenswamp. We let him go and started for home. I catly I could not | He was heading for the We had gone about a mile when we inate to some fresh tracks, so we started to spread out. Ed went up onahill to watch. Rube — and I had only gone a few steps when out — They were about We fired a few ran a doe and two fawns. a hundred yards from us. o shots without hitting any of them. But when ~ - . they got up on the ridge that Ed was on, (the — timber was not quite so thick) he cut loose at> them, but didn’t think he hit any of the three. They were running in the direction ee: We thought we _would follow along; — home. we had gone about one“mile when I picked — up asliver of bone about aninch long. © { se“ it was out of the leg of a deer, so we knew that Ed had hit one. We hadn’t gone much fur- ther when we saw some blood, and blood’ as we went_onl. We could tell, by tracks, it was the big doe that was hit. ‘She soon left the two fawns and went off by her- self. She swung off east and started in the direction of Long Point-~a short distance and then we separated again. I had just taken a few steps out onto a rock at the shore to wait until the others came down the point a little, when I heard the ice break- ing across the bay. ‘There was the doe just going ashore and having quite a time getting out with her broken front leg, and very little ice along the shore. I fired a few shots, but before I could get to the range she ‘was out of sight in the brush. It was a Pere the gun I was using then was a .38- However, I had shot too high as wan nt as. far as it looked at first. The other boys came back and we eh around the bay and took up the chase once more, for it was surely against our will t give up a wounded deer, There were very few in the neck of the woods then: ‘That old doe could travel some on three linders, I'll say. Rube, who was fond of jokes, remarked that it was funny why nature ve deer four legs when they could go so Nonin fast with several legs shot off. She turned away east and went down over the high runway on the south side of the lake. We kept on for a mile or so and it was getting dark. We had four miles to tramp home. We left off and ate the remainder of our lunch on the walk. It was three tired boys that trailed out about eight o’clock that night. Next morning very early, we packed huge lunches and were off again, and were three™ miles out or more betore it was light. As we went down the path toward Rock Lake, we crossed the tracks of a buck and doe. They were heading in toward the “crooked pine” _ as we called a certain pine tree; by the way its top was crooked, but made a fine land mark. We didn’t stop for these tracks but headed for the place where we left off on the wounded deer track. As it was snowing a little we travelled fast to get to the old track. It was some job to follow it. We had gone but a short distance from where we had left off the night before and there if that deer hadn’t gone into the lake again as we were pretty sure she would go to a point across from Long Point. We went around to the east of the lake and there sure enough was the dim track of the deer. She had gone along the shore, sometimes in the water and sometimes on the sand and rocks where the snow was melted off. She went along this point a little way and then took to the water again. We were pretty sure she had gone across to Long Point. It had been snowing quite hard all this time, and it took time and skill to teli just where that wise old doe had gone. _ It was a walk of about four miles to get around to Long Point, again, so we hunted up _a big pine log and rolled it in, and put a couple of small chunks along each side of the big one with a couple of old slabs torn from the sides - of old logs across the top. We put Rube in the middle to hold the three guns. Ed mount- ed the stern and I the front, each with a stick for a paddle. Rube shouted, ‘“Heave away me hearties,” and we were off. ~ Well I'll say right here that the trip across that lake was one that few would undertake. A gale of wind was blowing and driving wet snow sifting down all the while. couldn’t swim a stroke, although he didn’t Ss ROD AND GUN IN CANADA > Poor Rube 1283 seem to care. We had to sit on the big log in the middle and hook our feet on the out- side of the raft to keep it from going to Pieces. But we got safely over, and bidding good-bye to the old “ship,” we once more took up the trail. We found our deer ashore on Long Point and she had been lying on the very end of the point all night near where she came out of the water. When we were crossing she must have seen us and risen to run to the point. She didn’t run far, however, being stiff from lying wounded. running about half a mile. She then slowed up, walking along. We followed her until she went into a small swamp. Ed went on one side and Rube the other. I went in to chase her out. She had crawled through an old wind fall, so I kneeled down and crawled through too. It was the easiest way. I had just got fairly under when slash! out she went from under the other side. Now I don’t know how I got out so quick, but I was clear in time to shoot once. Just as the doe gained the high land at the edge of the swamp, I under- shot her, Ed missed the first one, but broke her neck with the second shot, so that ended the second chase. Rube declared after,that I rose up with the whole windfall on my head and shot out from underneath the brush, but I never noticed how I got out. Al! I could see was that old doe and a fine one she was at that—the biggest ' doe I have ever seen. We dressed and hung it up, then made our weary way home. On our way we crossed the tracks of the buck and doe again. We followed along until we found where they had fed that morning. We poked around the tracks for some time. Owing to the snow that had fallen, we could not tell which way they went last. We finally got up on a knoll and were moving along slowly; I was ahead. I slipped and fell, and just as I got to my feet, I saw one jump of the big buck as he went into the green of a small swamp. We all watched for a few minutes, but he stayed right in there. I turned to see where he had been lying and there about 25 yards away, near the edge of the swale, stood a fine doe. She had heen standing there all the while looking at us. Just as I got an eye on her she knew it and made ‘a jump into the ever- greens. But I got her in the air on that same leap. The bullet caught her back of the shoulder and went plum through. She went a little way before she stopped. Right here we made a big mistake in not going after the buck, but were anxious to get after 1284 the wounded doe. That buck stayed in the swale until we went after the doe, and then he made tracks down the stump runway. We chased the doe out again and she was about all in. Soon after she got out where it was open, Ed finished her. We hung her up and went home. Next morning we were off early again. We struck off for Loyal’s fields, but struck a track before we got there. We tollowed in the direction of the crooked pine, toward which a buck was running—the same buck that was with the doe day before. He was trying to find her. However, I killed him about one hundred yards from where the doe was hanging. He was lying in a swale near__ where I had first seen the doe. Rube was with me, while Ed had gone down to. ‘the stump runway to watch. When -we, raised him we both had to cut loose, but we had to run a good way before we could get anything like an open shot. hill, Rube cut some hair off his hips and took the left horn off with the same shot. I took the next shot and hit him in the right hip, then down he went. He wabbled along again, but I ran and caught him, till Rube came to my assistance. We floored him and used the knife. The loss of the horn didn’t count as he was a “spike,” but a big one. Now we had a deer each, counting a fawn, “‘which we hated to do but had to.” Dad only hunted the AMONG THE SLOUGHS In the silence of the morning, in the waiting for the dawning, — With visions fair of whirring wings across the golden glow: There’s no joy like the abiding by some darksome slough in hiding, — With gun in hand and faithful dog to follow where you go: For I’ve been in the heart of it, and I have taken part in it, calli ~*~. And I know. On the prairie gaily tramping or beside some thicket camping, With wary eye through tangled boughs we scan the pools below. Ah! a shot—they’re rising, falling! trusty scout! you need no calling As with a plunge, to play your part—acroés the slough you go. Ah! I’ve been in the heart of it and I have taken part in it And I know. When quiet like a fairy wand is stealing o’er the prairie land, We patient wait the evening flight—the rarest sport I trow : With our muscles tense and numbing, eagerly we wait the coming: For this one hour of ecstasy all comfort we'd forego, : When you've been in the heart of it and once have ee part in it, Then—only then you'll know. ROD AND GUN IN CANADA =7— first day as he was too old to travel so aa Be For a bush like that I think four deer ‘in ‘a three days was” pretty good work. The deer were few and far between and very wiles I have hunted in different parts and Pl'se y they are the hardest deer to hunt of any with which I have come in contact. The bush is small and is hunted to a finish; has been for or sixty years. I don’t know whether it was a just fool luck or our knowledge of the er ; that we had such good success. But Til say here, that all of us knew every stump. and stone in that part of the country, and are no fools when it comes to hunting deer, especially. still-hunting. Ed is known far and wide as a deer slayer. Take it from me, Rube was Rube “atall, atall!’” Me? Oh, I don’t alwa kill them the first crack, but I have bro y home the: heart a few times. Let anyon hunt in that part and he will go hungry for venison’ You have got to grow up in that. J When he came out to the — country in order to be anywhere near on an equal footing with the deer there, especially the old bucks. I am told the deer are getting more plentiful there these last few years, which shows that there are not so many killed out of season now. It is great feeding ground and there is good cover for the winter in the swamps. << I hope some time to have a hunt i in the old home bush again and renew my acquaintance with the old land marks. 43k \ — ~~ The Importance of the Color Screen to the Photographer G. W. VISSER IFTEEN years ago, we took pure white skies in our prints quite as a matter of ~ course. Only a comparative few of'the rapidly increasing number of amateurs knew anything of the theory of color or of its application in conjunction with the use of color screens on cameras.— ‘However, through judicious adv aries -and- helpful booklets, large vendors of photo- graphic apparatus gradually taught the enter- prising amateur how he could improve his pictures vastly by using color screens and ray. filters. The result is, that at the present time there are but few amateur photographers who have not, at least, one filter in their outfit. “Strange as it may seem, although many bought them, only a relatively small number really used them. It was too much trouble, Bllue cluding woods and sky with live or dead game. (3) Fishing pictures—usually including lake or river. and sky or trophies. (4) Pictorial work. This is a very broad subject and requires special treatment and its inclusion in his article would unduly lengthen it. Before going into the adaptability of the color screen to each of these divisions, just a word of the theory which underlies the use- fulness of the color screen. Light is com- posed of all colors and when we split white light into its component colors by using a prism, we get what is known as a-spectrum. The arrangement of the colors'in the spectrum is broadly shown in the accompanying sketch. It will be seen that the visible spectrum is marked by a scale of numbers ranging from Ultra Blue Orjange Infra Violet Green Red Red End Violet Grjeen Yeljlow End 4000 A.U. 7000 A.U. they said. Well, every inovation is more or less of a nuisance at first, but a little study and persistence will result’ in the filter be- coming an every day necessity to camera - users. To the sportsman who packs a camera on his hunting and fishing trips, the ray filter is of prime importance, because many of his pictures will include live or dead game, fish to say nothing of any purely pictorial nega- tives that he may make. Now, animals are given protecive coloring by Nature and as we shall see farther on, plates and films have a r much distorted sense of color values and asa filter corrects this defect, it is at once apparent how important the filter is to the sportsman- photographer, in this one branch alone. The sportsman’s photographs will roughly > classify into the following divisions: (1) Camp photographs—including lake and sky, sky and snow or perhaps the camp alone -hestling in an attractive nook in the woods. — 2) egos ee in- 4000 to 7000. These divisions of the spectrum are called Angstrom Units (A. U.). Below 4000 A. U. we get Ultra-Violet, which is invisible to the eye and above 7000 A. U. we have Infra-Red, also invisible. It is with the ultra-violet that we shall concern our- selves mostly, as it plays a very important part in all branches of outdoor photography. These ultra-violet rays comprise those con- stituents of white light which produce the chemical effects of light and naturally play a leading part in the essentially chemical action of the exposure of a photographic plate or film. Now, the sky being the source of daylight ‘contains a preponderance of ultra-violet rays, consequently when we photograph our camp with lake and sky and white clouds as a background, the ultra-violet rays chemically affect the film to the effect of FOGGING it enough to completely bury the clouds. The only exception to this, is when most of the sky is veiled in rather dark clouds which shut out “ = 1286 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 7 eee 7 these troublesome rays. When the film is developed, the portion representing the sky is almost solid black, and of course prints pure white. There is a wide difference in tone gradation between the dark blue of the sky and pure white. The yellow ray filter absorbs the ultra- violet light and as much of the violet light as- is necessary to compensate for the extra sensitiveness of the plate or film to these rays, By so doing the clouds will be allowed to register on the film. Just by way of further comparison, observe the tone of the grass in a non-filtered picture. - It is very dark, almost black compared with the white sky. Actually _ the green grass is LIGHTER in tone than the blue sky. However that is a minor point compared with some others and is hardly noticeable after the sky has been corrected. In the foregoing it has been shown that the normal film records the green grass DARKER than the blue sky. It twists up the rest of the colors pretty badly too. For instance it re- cords orange, green, light red, yellow and brown at just about the same shade of grey. There is a difference in the print but not nearly the contrast observed by the eye. It follows then, that it is practically impossible to photograph a partridge standing or sitting on the ground or in his usual haunt—con- cealing himself by blending with foliage which nearly coincides with his feathers; unless we use a filter to help the film to differentiate between the different colors which otherwise would photograph so much alike. The filter increases the exposure con- siderably, and the partridge may move and spoil the picture, but it will be spoiled any- way—the color screen gives us the one and only chance to get the picture. The writer once photographed a *:oose standing against a background o! .ed-gold, orange and brown autumn leaves. I[t was a superb picture—that King of Canadian forests silhouetted against a background that Franz Hals would revel in. But when the film was developed I could not find the moose for several days. True there were a few “blotches” that indicated ‘‘something’— I knew it was the moose, but as a picture it was a flat failure. A “short-time” filter (to be explained farther on) would have shown up the moose with the least increase of exposure. Dead game—deer, moose or bear is usually lying on the ground or on snow, thus having considérable plain contrast; quite sufficient to show the animal up. Deer photographed jn this manner without a filter lose most of the delicate gradations of brown and brdwaee | grey which add so much to-the beauty of the animal. The color screen will bring these — shades out, making a much nicer picture, About the most difficult thing to p graph faithfully—among all sportsmen’s tro- phies—is a speckled trout. Trout possess a wider range of color than any other gamer ae. ; the colors ranging from brown green on his back through varying shades of red, red- orange, yellow and white on the belly to all the colors of the rainbow in the spots. Clearly the unfiltered plate or film is absolutely in- capable of giving anything like a faithful rendition in black and white of the pe shimmering, yet evanescent colors of a tro The ordinary ray filter, as sold by — Eastman Kodak Company will go a long bb toward making a good picture, but in order to get the best result, one should use a pan- chromatic plate and a “K-3” filter, of which mention will be made in another paragraph. Under the division of Camp Photographs, I have mentioned sky and snow. Really the application of filter principles to this branch of photography requires an article by itself: I shall, howeter, show briefly where a filter helps in pictures of winter landscapes and — camp secnes. The unfiltered photograph of a winter scene usually shows a pure white sky and “blank” white snow. Snow is not a blank white mass and moreover the sky is_ very, very much darker than the snow. Snow has rounding, beautiful shadows, it» has — texture and in order to make winter photo- oa graphs pleasing, we must “retain every — characteristic of the snow, for therein lies the beauty of this class of pictures. From previous paragraphs we know how the filter will give proper value for the sky, by absorbing or holding back the predominant ~ ultra-violet. Snow, being highly reflective, reflects much ultra-violet from the sky. It follows then that the filter will tend to bring out the shadows and texture of the snow. Full exposure in snow photography is very im- portant. In bright sunlight there is unusual contrast presented between the white snow and dark objects which may be included in the picture, such as figures or trees, Coane is greatly increased by under-exposure ¢ an under-exposed snow picture has t “chalk and soot” effect which is so unpleasant and inartistie® Plenty of exposure lessens the contrast and this principle applied with the use of a filter, or better yet, a filter anda pan- chromatic plate, will give snow ride : are very true to nature. The as — Sal az ‘= *F, = “ROD AND GUN \ is another very important part of snow \ photography. At noon when the sun is at its meridian, there is so little shadow that even using a filter, hummocks or drifts of snow will ‘hardly show up against a pure white back- ground. The best time is in the morning or evening, when every drift casts long shadows. Beautiful effects may be secured by photo- graphing almost against the sun, just as it comes from the clouds after a heavy snowfall. This strictly comes under the highest grades of Pictorial work and may be taken up later. ‘The last point to cover in this article is ">FILTERS.. There are FILTERS and filters, oft good, bad and indifferent. There are also many kinds—each used for a specific purpose. We shall concern ourselves with those cover- ing the problems outlined in this article. The writer has used only those manufactur- ed by The Eastman Kodak Company and the Wratten filters. I understand the Eastman filters are practically the same as the Wratten products and they are supposed to be a standard. . - The filter applicable to the needs of all sportsmen who carry their cameras on their trips may be purchased almost anywhere at prices ranging from fifty cents to a dollar— I refer to the Eastman Kodak Company’s filter. Using this filter increases exposure ie from. five to eight times normal, with any of the standard makes of plates or film. Simple enough isn’t it? - Those having cameras that will accom- modate either plates or films will find that three or four plate holders loaded with pan- chromatic plates and a couple of Wratten filters numbers K-1 and K-2 will after a little IN CANADA 1287 experience find an entirely new field open up in which faithfulness of reproduction and beauty of tone predominate. The pan- chromatic plate is sensitive to all colors and even without a filter gives splendid tone rendition and when used with the filters mentioned, which are made to suit the plate the effects are perfect. The Wratten filters when used with the Wratten pan-chromatic plates, increase exposure but little. In the case of the K-1 filter exposure on ordinary subjects is but one and one-half times normal and with the K-3 filter, giving greater correc tion, four and a half times normal and with.the K-2 three times normal. These figures, how- ever, do not apply when the Wratten filters are used with ordinary plates or films. The increase in exposure is then very much greater and amateurs will find the Eastman filters which are a lighter yellow, more practical. A tripod is a necessity when using a filter, except when photographing in bright sunlight or on very open landscape. A tripod is quite a nuisance when one is ‘“‘packing’’ but the difficulty may easily be overcome by using an Eastman “clamp.” This clamp may be carried in the pocket, and when a tripod is required, simply cut a stick about an inch or so in diameter, flatten it a bit at, the top, screw on the clamp and for. all folding cameras up to post card size it will serve perfectly. There are folding tripods sold, but my ex- perience has been distinctly in favor of the other method. Just as a last word. When in doubt, over- expose. A finisher can reduce an over exposed negative to suit you but nothing can be done really to nee under-exposure. ons and Properties of Mushrooms T. WARE Morchella crassipes (edible) I have found this mushroom growing quite abundantly in a thick pine woods on the bank of the river Nith in the county of Brant, about a mile from Paris, Ontario. this plant does not impress one with its beauty, but on closer examination it will be found to be one of the most beautiful of fungi. At first sight The : specimens found by me were of a grayish color in old specimens and dark brown in the young ones but it is not in the color where we must look for beauty in this species, but to its form; its long slender cylindrical stem ang beautifully shaped cap with fragments of the veil - adhering at almost regular intervals to the edge of the cap gives a beauty of form surpassing fe “ that of any other eo ba that I have been fortunate enough to examine. : tot we z ia It occurs from about 1288 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA ee | CHEE $ the end of May to the beginning of October, being larger’ in wet weather or on moist soil than | when situated otherwise. As will be seen by the cut, the pileus is ovate but some specimens may be Tone to be iy. more conic than ovate and still others are expanded to almost convex but the edge is ne ar, upturned or the center depressed. During dry weather the cap may be cracked into patches Morchella crassipes (edible). © ay een Rint %4 separating the dark color of the outside and showing the white flesh beneath. The stem —_ a bulb and it is hollow in nature specimens. It is cartilaginous in texture. he This plant is edible. I have eaten it raw myself on several occasions. It has a ewhat nutty flavor, but is not listed with the edible sorts, = it oS SS . Chapter IV. , . Fly-Tying: First Considerations se HE ‘use of the artificial fly i the capture of fish is not restricted to comparatively _ modern times. Quite the contrary is hd the case, for this creation has been in use in a - more or less crude form for over two thousand years. Nevertheless ancient writings do not offer a great deal of information on the subject, though occasionally some referen- ence of an enlightening character is made by which we are guided right. Aelian in me his writings states of the ancients in his - De Natura Animalium that: “The Macedonians who toil on the banks of the Astraeus, which flows midway between _ Berea and Thessalonica are in the habit of catching a particular fish in that river by means of a fly called hippurus. A very singular insect it is; bold and troublesome, © like all its kind; in size a hornet; marked like a wasp, buzzing like abee. The predilection of the fish for this prey, though familiarly * known to all who inhabit the district, does not induce the angler to attempt their capture by impaling the live insect. Adepts in. the art had contrived a taking device(captiosa quaedam machina) to circumvent them, for which -purpose they invest the body of the hook with purple wool, and having two _ wings of a waxy color, so as to form an exact imifation of the hippurus,+they gently drop _ these abstruse cheats down stream.” 2 _~ This is exceedingly interesting. The insect r. Pu ae ot Amateur Fly-Tying = ES a a RoBert PaGE LINCOLN ‘ imitated in the artificial was a bee or wasp: of some sort. To-day we find that one of the best flies at a certain time in the summer is the imitation bee: indeed we have a fly called the western bee that is a very: close imitation of the original and which when used gives exceedingly good results. In this voice out of the lost and dead ages comes up another truth: those anglers of the past were able to make exact imitation flies and they floated them “‘gently down stream” which only goes to prove that floating flies (or flies fished in a dry form) is not a modern inyention but is as old as the hills. re From the days of the ancients to the year 1496 is a great leap and yet not until that year did anything in regard to fly-tying appear in print to be tracéd. In that year in Eng- land appeated a book very nearly next to that of Walton’s “Compleat Angler’ in importance which took up the making of flies and gave some information on the subject not to be passed by lightly. It was written by a woman, “her prioress-ship’ Dame Juliana Berners of St. Albans. Her first slender volume was named “Fysshynge With An Angle’? which later was included in her second book which was entitled the “Boke of St. Albans.” ‘The original edition states that it was ‘“Emprinted at Westmestre by Wynkyn de Worde, the year of Thycarnacon of our Lord 1496,” Sufficient to say that she gave descriptions of flies that are still in use with 1290 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA ~ i ee more or less finish to them and what original touches men have been able to give them. & From the date of the issue of Dame Berner’s book upwards more and more information on the use and the making of artificial flies has come forth until to-day there seems to be no nook or cranny in the art that has not been investigated. This investigation has, of course, been more thorough and complete in England than in any other country in the world. Save for Louis Rhead’s most delight- ful and commendable ‘“‘American ‘Trout Stream ° sects” mo serious attempt at classify- ing Amerian stream insects that the trout feed upon has been made. In England the same cannot be said to be true for this classi- fication ha#very nearly been complete what with Alfred Ronald’s *‘Fly-fisher’s Entomo- logy” (still a classic of the sort) and Frederic Halford’s various books “Entomology” and his well known “Dry-Fly Man’s Handbook.” To this English list we should not forget mention of Leonard West’s “The Natural Trout Fly and Its Imitations.” ‘The art as applied to English waters has been examined and faithfully reported down to its minutest details and as regards England there is very little more to be said. Their entomological list is complete with probably a few more insertions as ‘lime goes on. In the measure of time it is not so very many years ago that the dry-fly was intro- duced into this country, the subject having aroused such great interest in England by the various writings of Halford. At first it was held that the dry fly -was an impractical introduction for our North American streams in that the waters were totally different as to flowage; those of the English streams being smooth-flowing while the majority of our streams are by nature swift-flowing, or, at least, impetuous enough to make the dry fly out of place—out of its element so to speak. This theory, however, has been com- batted by defenders of the dry fly on our shores, Emlyn M. Gill in his book “‘Practical Dry-Fly Fishing” and in the two books by M.L.La Branche “The Dry Fly in America” and ‘““The Dry Fly In Rapid Waters.” We also have proved that there are times on even swift waterin nooks and places a dry fly may be floated successfully for a certain distance and that many a trout lying in wait for insects next to a boulder has met his fate on the delicate floating lure that has glided past him. Yet for the dry fly as used in this country it may be said that there always obtain more or less placid stretches of water and pools on any stream, and the wet fly angler who ae would pass up the use of the dry fly under _ these circumstances is indeed missing some interesting features in the world-wide sport. — Indeed there is a time when the dry fly will © out-shine the wet’ fly, although most of the time we use the submerged fly. Pursuing just this same topic, Louis Rhead ace states: Pi “Of this I am sure: for every insect a trout taken alive at the surface, a thousand are consumed drowned under water or near the surface; and to one natural insect able to float on the surface there are hundreds which cannot float. Because of this fact I believe it to be the height of folly to fish exclusiveiy with dry flies on the surface. Wet fishing ; with two or three accurately copied insects — is in every way as effective on the average ~ American stream. I do think the dry fly meth- od is excellent on large pools, and more or less placid water; but the trouble is that trout prefer to lie under a rock where turbulent water flows above from which, in a runway, they get insects alive or drowned as they go swiftly by.” The case of both the wet fly and ‘the dry fly has been stated as follows: The first. function of a hackle is to break the fly’s fall; to let it down lightly on the water. And that is especially true whether it be a cock’s hackle, or a hen’s, or a soft hackle from any of the small birds. Anyone who has tried to fish with flies tied without hackles over moderately-shy trout will find them apt to be scared by the violence of the fall of the fly on the water. When the fly reaches the water, another function, or other functions of the hackle come into play. If the fly be a floater (winged and hackled at the shoulder only), then the functions are, first flotation, and secondly, imitation of the legs of the fly. Many good fly dressers hold that the body is the really attractive part of the trout fly, and that in a floater a hackle which is s cient to insure proper flotation and otharwine colorless and inconspicuous serves the purpose best. A good cock’s hackle, such as is used for floating fli,s is extremely sharp and bright when held up to the light and even in the ruddy shades lets but little color through. There can, however, be no harm, and itis prob- ably safer if the hackle, as held to the light, bears a fairly close resemblance in color to the legs of the fly it represents. A winged floater, hackled all down the body with cock’s hackle to represent a sedge—or even a similar pattern without wings-is probably - oe i i a ote | ROD AND GUN IN CANADA taken for a fluttering sedge, by reason of the “buzz effect. A floater (hackled with a sharp cock’s hackle at the shoulder and with- out wings) is probably the best method of suggesting a spinner spent or still living. The wings of the natural spinner have a_irides- cent glitter which is well-suggested by the extended fibres of a first-rate rusty or honey blue dun, cock’s hackle. Such a hackle thus serves, beyond the purpose of breaking the fly’s fall, the double purpose of flotation and ‘imitation of wings. In the case of the sunk flies, we find that these present still more - complex propositions according to the way in which the fly is presented to the fish. Fished directly up-stream, a wet fly (whether winged or not), which is hackled with a stiff cock’s hackle, has thrown away one of its chief advantages, —the mobility of the hackle. - In fact, one is inclined to think that if a hackle were not needed to break the fall such a fly might best be dressed without a_ hackle. A hen’s hackle, or a small bird’s hackle would respond to, every movement of the current, and would thus suggest an appearance of life in action which is very fascinating. Doubt- less the hackles suggest the wings and legs of hatched-out insects, drowning or drowned, and tumbled by the current in some cases; in others they undoubtedly suggest some nondescript, struggling subaqueous creature. In either case the mobility suggests life. However, an up-stream wet-fly man(no matter how keen he is on this method), does not always cast directly up-stream, but more often up and across, and occasionally direcily across. When he casts across, or up and across, and holds his rod tip so as to bring his team of flies as nearly as possible perpen- dicularly across the current, a new set of considerations arise. the stream’s flow, more than does the gut cast are drawn head up-stream and _ tail Aown-stream in advance of the gut cast. Here soft hackles are apt tobe drawn back so as to completely enfold the body of the fly, with the points of the fibres flickering softly _ beyond the bend of the hook, thus suggesting a nymph vainly attempting to swim against the current. The top dropper may be dib- bling on the surface. thus suggesting an ovi- positing fly. “Here the hackle represents the wings of the natural fly in active motion. In these conditions cock’s hackles, whether dressed at shoulder only or palmerlike are apt to impart motion to the wings and body and suggest life in this way rather than of - their own motion, as do soft hackles. The - The droppers, catching 1291 resilience of a first-class cock’s hackle is great, and every exertion of it must react upon the fly body, which it surrounds, and impart a motion, which, whether likelife in the sense of resembling the motions of some particular insect or not at least is sufficient to attract attention and excite the rapacity or tyranny of the trout if it does not appeal to its appetite. So far as true imitation of an insect is concerned there is a possibility that (as they now represent themselves) the dry fly is more of a correct imitation of the live insect than the wet fly which at best is but a poor imi- tation of any insect if a passable counterpart at all. Indeed the majority of the wet fies are what we call “fancy flies,’’ made of mater- ials as the fancy suggests, here a touch of red, here a touch of blue, or green, or ye!low—all made up to represent what may be termed a fly—but not. an imitation. On the other hand a dry fly presumes to be very nearly an imitation of a true insect on the stream and when it does-ride on the water it carries itself in a more less natural manner and does win fish. But there is one point that must be remembered. It is far harder and demands a great deal more skill to catch fish on the wet fly than it does on the dry fly. The dry fly man casts his fly and it floats down for him. Different with the wet fly man, heis forced at all times to work the fly in the water to give it the appearance of animation. Likewise it may be said that the opportun- ities of the dry fly man for sport are restricted; but that the wet fly man should be so orthodox as to leave out the dry fly when good‘ waters obtain, is in the sense of the ridiculous. The wet fly man, however, is not set back by weather conditions and can fish early and late whether it rains or shines, indeed even when it is freezing; and there are those who have caught trout on the wet fly in the winter season. Weather conditions, on the other hand play a great part in the successful performance of the dry fly angler; the day must be more or less calm—not disturbed by either wind or rain, and the waters of the stream must be more or less smooth flowing, and never muddy orroiled. In dry fly fishing, natural insects must be carefully imitated; the fly is floated, invested as it is in its oiled coat. The time of the day must be taken into consideration; any hour cannot be sel- ected, and only choice occasions when the fish are on the rise will see the dry fly man in his element. At thesame time the dry fly angler must be a particularly _ skilled fly master (that is, skilled in the proper and oy bata ir o£ Ak, rr 1292 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA nee eas, 4%, Re: e * accurate delivery of the fly) and must be class. Bor that reason I tie all my drake 8 vastly more of an entomologist than the wet flies with detached bodies.” 3a Se fly man who abandons al! this and places his confidence in the fancy flies.. The dry fly man can measure his success by his ability to imitate or very nearly imitate the natural flies that fall to water and are snapped up by the rising trout. Many thousand words have been exhaust- ed telling us that the dry fly is an exact imi- tation of a dun or a drake fly as the case may be. The feeling of exaltation in the matter has well nigh been complete. We are handed out a card full of flies and we are told that these are dry flies: exact imitations in fact.’ What conceit! It is marvelous that in all the time that has elapsed since the floating fly was put on the market no one has been able to note that not one of the dry flies on the market, English make or otherwise, are any- where near exact imitations of any living insect. “But,” you utter in surprise, “how can you say that?” Look at these dry flies. Their bodies are round, built right on the shank of the hook. Did you ever note a drake, a delicate May-fly, with a body of that sort? You certainly never have, for it has a gentle up-curling body typical of the Ephemera Halford to the contrary, notwithstanding. (Not one of Halford’s exact imitation floatin dry flies have the detached body so they fal flat in that respect). If the fly were fished under the water, as in the case of the wet fly, it would not matter as to body for a drowned drake does not have its body curled; you generally find them with the body straight out; but when a drake is riding the water (as the dry fly would imitate) the body is certainly curled and then the only way to imitate it would be to have an upward-curling, detached- body to.the fly. Since writing the above I have referred to Mr. Rhead’s book and I note with pleasing surprise that he holds the same identical view. He states regarding the drakes: “One of the most remarkable and peculiar features in all drakes is the way they cock their tails upward from the body. Im order to imitate this feature successfully it is necessary to have what is known as the detached body; viz., with the tail made separate from the hook and slightly curled upward. ‘There are few English flies tied im this way; but I have not seen any detached bodies on what may be called strictly American flies. The detached body fly I have found far ahead of the fly with the body tied round the hook; that is, if intended to represent the drake -a_study of the dry fly floating past. ‘him he In the first place one gives the trout cred: ES for a superlatively keen eyesight in his Jenene his ability to see and hear in this watery world — of his must be equal to our ability to seetand hear in our element; and the more clear-the — watery element the fish is in, the more far- reaching is the range of its vision; the more rid of fog and mist and gloom our.element is: the farther we can see. These facts are practically self-evident. We are given to believe that if the trout gave any time to would note the absence of the upward body and would not strike. As a matt fact it is doubtful if the average trout sti the dry fly for naturalness any more than does — the same trout study the wet fly for natural- ness. The fly suddenly drops: and on ikee impulse of the moment he strikes. — “One” ; thing fixes itself on the consciousness of the ~ trout; the fly floats. That is so far as its” instinct leads it. The trout knows that live drakes float; this one floats. He strikes. I am willing to believe that five out of ten average trout strike on impulse without study of the insect in question. This, how- ever, does not go to say that any old fly that you can tie off-hand will do the work. It will not. There are trout and trout. Those of waters little fished over, fall the easiest to the wiles of men for they have not been educated up to the feathered frauds. But - it is the trout not average on much fished over streams that I firmly believe make a study of flies. ‘To circumvent these, therefore, dem t a more or less accurate imitation of some, oF many insects that they consume. Sas On the other hand eliminating ‘the one feature of faultiness in the so-called exact. imitation dry fly (that it does not possess a detached body) is the fact that, like > the wet fly it possesses hackles (which presume t imitate the natural insect’s legs) in super abundance. If you were to count ea hackle filament on a dry fly you ' ould surprised at the number legs it has: hackles. ‘Yet this is supposed to be a imitation of a live insect: whic aS A SCE six legs! Not much to boast over as anexact imitation! Of course the dry fly man_ gives it as his excuse that a number of hackles on the fly are mecessary for, in combination with the wings of the fly in an oiled state, ‘they help to keep the fly up and floating. How the “bunched, nay, bristling hackles must appent to the eyes of the root Tdo not ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1293 know. It is a fact nevertheless that the best dry fly fishing occurs in the dim of evening, most captures then being made: probably because the trout cannot make out the fly and its makeup as readily as when the water is silvered with light. Louis Rhead notes another fault with the dry fly that I will here include and that regards the position of the wings. Now anyone who has spent even a few days or hours of his life in study of the insects falling to the stream (particulazly the Ephemera) has noted that they ride the surface of the water with their wings, not _ outspread, but absolutely upright, and so - close together that it seems but one wing. _- classes,” ¥ **The most important class, called drakes— and a great many specimens of the other says Rhead, “have their under bodies quite pale and colorless compared to the upper part of their bodies. From the trout’s point of view—that is, looking upward —the artificial imitation with pale or white under body must be amore acceptable lure than the commercial fly as now tied with upper and under body exactly the same. . Another desirable change, still more import- ant, is to tie all drake’s wings close together instead of outspread—a most unnatural attitude which the insect never assumes, and only introduced in later years by dry fly experts to assist the fly in floating. With the aid of oil, the fly will float just as well _ with closed wings as with the wings outspread.”’ Here then are some of the points scored against the so-called modern exact imitation _ dry flies in which so great faith is pinned. Ay the natural drake has an upward curling body that should be separate from the hook _ shank; the dry fly as now constituted has not this feature; (2), it has a hundred hackle _ legs where six would be all that were necessary; * — 8), the natural drake rides the water with wings close together; the dry fly with wings not so arranged is not an exact imitation; _ (4), the body of the dry fly is one color, “usually pale throughout; it should be made with the upper part dark and the underside pale. This is what may be termed an insig- a nificant detail although Rhead has made _ flies with bodies so arranged. (5), the wings of the so-called exact imitation dry flies no _ more imitate the/ transparent wings of the “Mayflies (or other members of the FE phemera) _ than a heavy winter overcoat imitates crape in its most flimsy and transparent form. It, however, presumes to be an exact imitation. : ~ How absurd! - The late” Doctor Harry eae a. former : _ valued collaborator with me, as readers of this magazine know, once sent me a set of colored pictures of English exact imitation dry flies. He remarked: ‘These are so dead that they will take on putrefaction before you get them. They are awful dead. Puta tack through it and show it to your friends as the most exquisite illustration of still life extant.” In England, too, the attacks delivered against the ever-present and overwhelmingly lauded dry flies have been many and various, Here is, an average condemnatory appraisal taken from that well-known weekly the British Sportsman: “Look now at this handsome showcard of these noted tackle people. One hundred and fifty two different patterns of May flies, all things of beauty, excellently tied, all killers, no two alike, yet all ostensibly dressed in imitation of the live insects before us, and which, as a matter of fact they resemble as ~ much as does the Mosque of Omar the Hill of Howth! Were it not as good as drink to talk of accuracy of imitation and delicate shades of differentiating colour under these circumstances? The only case of true imita- tion, which, indeed. P practically amounts to identity known to ourart is that shown in the case of those waxen insects seen in our tackle- shop windows, which no one seems to use and certainly no one talks about and which would seem, on theit merits, to reduce the whole art of exact imitation to an absurdity.” I will say this for the much boosted and boasted dry fly, used as a wet fly, it has points to its credit that have been lost upon the angling public. Indecd any one who uses the dry fly will do well when the fly sinks to play it that way awhile instead of picking it up and drying it or making the false casts in the air to dry it preparatory to floating it down dry again. He will probably be sur- prised to have a strike which he did not get floating it on the surface. This, of course will be in the nature of an insult to the purists, but it is a fact nevertheless. I have had more success playing the dry fly as a wet fly than on the surface, even under the best of condi- tions and in the most select environment. What we do know is that the dry fly has been exaggerated in its importance: it has invested itself in a holy halo: As a matter of fact it does not lead greatly over the wet fly in prominence and that it imitates nature more closely than the wet fly remains to be proved. But the dry fly has a time and a place and we cannot possibly belittle it as a factor of importance in the angling art. (To be continued.) Boe 1294 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA. The New Hatchery at Sault Ste. Marie Agitation for a hatchery at Sault Ste. Marie has borne fruit and as a result a provincial hatchery is to be established there; indeed work onit has already been started.' Origin- ally an appropriation of ten thousand dollars was asked but this was increased to twenty- five thousand dollars as an appropriation which assures of course the means of establish- ing one of the best equipped hatcheries in the Dominion. The site selected is “just at the foot of the ship canal, an ideal location as it permits of the use of the finest water in the world, from Lake Superior, free from contamination, and is to be had in unlimited quantities. Also it should not be forgotten_ that the Ste. Mary’s Falls, orrapids, provide an eighteen foot fall which will assure a con- tinuous flow through the ponds without the necessity of pumping, which, as all will know is a great benefit in any hatchery and save much expense. The advisability of locating a hatchery here is of course well known and appreciated. Not only as regards water conditionsis it of first importance but there are found here unlimited quwantities of parent. fish, both game and commercial, and these can be secured for the necessary spawn with-— out going great distances to obtain same which is so often the case with hatcheries not so prominently and well located. Added to this fact is the knowledge that there are five different kinds of trout in the rapids at the present time, including the rainbow trout which were planted here by the Michigan State Fish Hatchery years ago; many of these reach up into prodigious weights, some having been taken totalling sixteen pounds. The hatchery, including building and permanent and movable fixtures, will cost about $25,000. The building operations start under the direction of Mr. J. W. Jones of the fish and game department, to-day with some 15 men employed. ‘The building is ex- pected to be ready in the fall. In the meantime, local anglers will be glad to learn that it is the intention of the Depart- ment of Game and Fisheries to bring up to Algoma waters, especially the “rapids” right near the Sault, a quantity of speckled trout fry from one of the other hatcheries. ~ Fish hatcheries in the past have proven =e their worth, and this one in the Sault, which — will be the largest and most modern o all = operated by the province, is expected to prove _ no exception. From a commercial point of ae view, it will make it possible for there to be more extensive fishing operations in the dis- _ trict, and it will materially benefit the district in the way of tourist traffic, for with the know- ledge that streams in this district are to be substantially restocked, tourists will visit the country in greater numbers. The hatchery, the bringing of whieh: to Sault Ste. Marie is very largely due to the efforts of Mr. J. B..Cunningham, M.P.P., will be located on the stretch of ground below the lock between the tail-race of the power canal and the ship canal, where a space of , 75 to 100 feet has been reserved by the prov- incial government. This is felt to be a very well chosen point, as it will be of particular convenience in the operation of the hatchery. Plans for the hatchery, which are now complete, show that it will be one of the larg- est operated by the government. The build- ing will have a frontage of 38 feet and a depth of 80 feet, and will be a frame structure, with cement foundation and floors. Painted in three colors, light buff, brown and green, when completed, it is expected to present rather a neat appearance. Two storeys are provided. The lower portion will be occupied by the machinery and equipment for fish propagation purposes and living quarters for those in charge will be situated upstairs. When in operation, which it is expected to be next fall, the hatchery will have a capac- ity of 150,000,000 pickerel, and 50,000,000 whitefish. Speckled trout, salmon trout and rainbow trout, all game fish will also be hatched in great quantities. The whitefish and pickerel fry will be distributed in Lake Superior and other of the great lakes as well as the other varieties of fish, Inland streams and lakes will also be supplied. \ Keeping One’s Eyes Open EpwarRpD T. MARTIN ‘Little drops -.of water, little grains of sand,” so a successful shooter becomes such by noticing the little things that are constantly occurring in his every day life. With myself, naturally of an analytical turn of mind, I began at a very early age; first, by discovering that pebble stones fired -from my big-mouthed horse pistol were not as effective as shot, and many other equally interesting experiments. As I grew older, I always wanted to know. If I killed a bird I must trace the course of every shot—note the strength of the powder, and make mental notes of everything con- nected with the episode. It did not take long to learn that to obtain uniform results, uniform loads must be used—no shifting from a quick powder to a slow one, or from small shot to large, half a dozen times in a morning. It was only a week or so agd that a case in point occurred. A well known duck shooter came in one day with an almost empty game _ bag, steeped in gloom for his wasted time. He left the car-just as I was passing, and hailed me: “Tm entirely disgusted with that powder that is advertised so much; can’t think how _ they got my name.” I had sent it. “They mailed me a calendar, a handsome affair, with a lot of advertising matter on it, so I felt bound to give their powder a trial, but believe me, I don’t like it—I tell you, I don’t like -it at alll -“T had been using a slow bulk powder, and had some of my old shells along; they got : nixed with the others, and half the time, ik is the little things that make up the world: loading my gun in a hurry, I didn’t know which I was using, or if I did, I forgot whe- ther to hold further ahead, or closer on. With the result that I got just ‘wo measly ducks—two,—here they are—count them— when I should have killed the limit!” “When are you going out again?” I asked. “Wednesday,” he answered, “but never again with that powder!” “Oh, yes, you will,” I told him. “I’ve used it, and know that it is good. This time, only take shells loaded with the quick powder —leave your old ones at home.” “Not in a hundred years,” he growled. “Being low man once a season is enough for yours truly.” “Listen,” I said. “I know what I am talking about, and let me tell you that for your style of shooting, the quick powder is much the better. There is a difference be- tween it and the other of over a foot, at forty yards. This time don’t mix your brands. Give it a fair trial by itself, and if it does not do good work, I’ll pay the expenses of your trip, m return for a pair of ducks, if it does.” “Fair enough,” he conceded, ‘only I wouldn’t stand for your paying my expenses, and the ducks you may have—if I kill them!’ Wednesday after dinner, I called him up, and listened over the telephone to the talk of a very enthusiastic man; the shooting had been almost entirely at green wing teal, a bird that has the pernicious habit of flying down wind on the slightest provocation, but ~ in spite of a very considerable breeze that was blowing at the time, he averaged better than one duck for every two shells used, and had shot the limit, before noon. I was not surprised, for I had known exactly 1296 where I stood on the powder proposition, for on dull days, many a duck had I picked,- noting pattern and penetration, and any powder that would shoot a duck through and through, end for end, was good enough for anybody. During my investigations, I ran upon a curious thing; I found a blue wing teal, dead, without the sign of a shot mark. It had, to all appearances, choked to death, for a mass of wild rice was packed in its throat. There Was No possible doubt but that it was the same duck that I shot at, for although it sailed a few rods before striking the water, I did not lose sight of it from the time the shot was fired, until it was safely in the boat. Even keeping my eyes open, however, has never helped me solve the mystery of why bullets or very heavy shot, do not kill a bird more quickly. I have repeatedly seen a bird hit with a bullet as large as a forty-four—in one side, out the other, keep flying for many arod. Once, I shot a passenger pigeon out of a flock passing over me. Now a pigeon is not a large bird, and a forty-four is consider- able of a bullet. This was nearly a centre shot, yet the pigeon kept going for nearly a quarter of a mile, finally falling in a little pond, where it was easily recovered. Again, I saw a blue-grouse that had the whole rear end of its body shot away by a soft nose bullet, and yet it flew almost as far as the eye could reach, before falling. It is possible that the shock of the bullet is so quick and so benumbing, that the bird does not know, for a few seconds, that it has been hit, and a pigeon or a grouse, even a Wounded one, can get over a considerable distance in that short time An interesting experiment was tried once, of bombarding ducks high in the air, which further illustrated the advantage of keeping one’s eyes open. A friend, with heavy shot, and myself with sevens, were hunting in a wild country in the north. A wide, shallow river broadened into a lake, on one side, a marsh on the other. Between them lay a ridge of high land, rising in the middle to quite a high hill, from the top of which ducks flying from Jake and river to the marsh, were barely within reach of a good shooting gun. My shooting partner was a user of heavy shot, and wasted a box or more of shells trying to bring one of the high-flyers to earth, but getting nothing but a single brown feather for his pains. My finer shot brought down an Occasional duck, always wing tipped. One that I did not get was head shot, and went ROD AND GUN IN CANADA ’ with sevens is not far from a hundred yards. staggering and fluttering all over the country, finally falling where a man and two dogs gus ; not find it. Of course the larger number of pellets in my load of sevens gave me a decided advantage _ when it came to striking a spot like the tip of a wing, which is why I got hirds, my partner only a feather. It has been my theory for a long time that any shot with force enough to stick in a pine board will at a like distance break the outer joint of a duck’s wing. Or perhaps if it strikes the soft spot in the back of the head, or under wing, will make a clean kill, and this distance The ducks we were shooting at, mostly mallards, were flying in long strings at from eighty to a hundred and twenty yards above ~ the top of the hill. I held ahead, several feet, of the leader of the bunch. With the eighty — ‘yard flocks it would be the second or duck that would give evidence of having heard or felt the shot, by shrinking and 1en towering, else falling. Beyond a hur nd yards, shot would lose much of its f — would almost seem to stop in the air, “aa it any bird felt it, he would be one far back from the front; once it was as much as forty feet, Noting where the ducks began-to climb to cross the hill, I saw a thick clump of marsh — grass, with a little pool in front of it. So, leaving my partner to waste his ammunition in the vain attempt to get something more _ substantial than a brown feather, I w mile to the pond, set in the middle of i decoys, the few dead ducks I had, and b . sounding the caller. S Those Canadian ducks didn’t know what a caller was—they were curious to find out’ so much duck talk was about. One left the first flock that came along, and he found out. — Curiosity proved fatal. For the rest, in ones and twos they gave up the idea of crossing the hill, coming to my caller instead, and when at the end of two hours, the flight ce i had gathered in a dozen more fine malla When my partner joined me, and as a mat- ter of course took his share of the kill—for no two men should shoot together unless each is willing to go fifty-fifty on the net outcome, — be it good or bad—his first remark, was: “Lucky boy! Out of all the hundreds | ponds in this marsh, how did you happen hit upon the one spot where you could ducks?” * pe sn ae “No luck about it, old man,” I replied, 7 “Tt was simply keeping my eyes bee — ROD AND GUN IN CANADA Then he fell back on the usual alibi, old as gun-powder, itself: “If my shells had only been properly loaded, I’d have shown you something!” But a further comparison show- ed his loads to have been the same as mine, except as to size of shot, and that he admitted, was his own fault. Why won’t shooters be honest with them- selves, and put the blame where it belongs, and own up to an off day, instead of blaming the gun, the powder, the shot, anything, everything but the real cause. And it follows naturally that the man who has the fewest off days in the end becomes the champion. In the matter of shot, it was the habit of noticing things that made me one of the ear!- iest advocates, in America, of the use of chilled shot, as well as a believer in sevens. I notic- ed, very often, that a soft shot would wrap itself around a bone, or flatten on thick feath- ers, instead of penetrating. In spite of that fact, however, a lot of old fogies in the shoot- ing game, were knockers of both. I was young, and had yet to learn that age does not always bring wisdom. So when they told me, “Chilled shot will ruin your gun; it is so - light that shooting across a heavy wind it will drift so that you never can tell where it is going,” and a lot of other stuff, I more than half believed what they said, although I __ knew they were wrong in insisting that sevens were only good for small birds. I had for- gotten that ‘“‘There are none so blind as those who won’t see.” Well, I had an important pigeon match coming off, and a domestic pigeon is a tough, hard bird to kill, if in good condition. This made me willing to give chilled shot a trial, - but there were none to be had nearer than telegrams and express charges. _ Montreal, and to get a sack of it from there would cost three or four dollars, including So I decided to use the soft, and thereby lost the match. The score was, as I remember it, twenty-five all, at the end of the original string, tie to be shot off at five birds each. My third bird of the five reeled, staggered, went as far as - the boundary line fence, lit, stood there for an instant, then fell backward, dead out of bounds. Investigations showed that a soft shot had struck the wing bone close to the body, and had flattened around it. more had goné entirely through the bird with- : - out stopping it until it reached the fence, when a broken wing would have brought it _ down at the crack of the gun, and given me at least another tie. Forthwith I wired for Several. 1297. a sack of chilled shot, and received it in time for the return match, which I won with a straight score. The chilled shot in those days was all imported, which made it so hard to get. Success always finds abundant imitators, and from that time on chilled shot grew in popularity, and many, many times it has demonstrated to me its superiority to any other kind, on hard boned, thickly-feathered game. Iam not sure about wood-cock, snipe, and perhaps quail. Nor has the hard shot injured either of my*guns in the slightest, although tons of it have been fired from them. On waterfowl, now, I would just as quickly use black powder, as soft shot. I have threshed out the most effective size of shot so often that I hesitate to say anything more on the subject, yet it may not be out of place to say ‘that all the old-time gunners, of note, from Captain Bogardus down, agree with me in favor of the smaller sizes. All one has to do is to pick a few birds, killed with, say, twos or fours, the rest with sevens, lay them side by side, make a comparison, and _no other argument is necessary. Some guns shoot one size better than another—my guns like sevens. My heavy load of powder gives them as much penetration asa size larger, which is perhaps the reason why I selected them as the best size for general use, and use them on everything, from geese to snowbirds. In the old days, shooting snowbirds from the trap was all the vogue among those who wanted a live target, yet couldn’t afford to pay twenty-five cents each, for pigeons. That was before any of us realized what great de- stroyers of weed seeds, snow buntings were. Of course it was all wrong, but wrong done in ignorance is not as bad as wilful wrong, al- though the result is just as far-reaching. Most of the snowbird shooters affected the other extreme in shot, using tens or twelves, but the greater part of this kind of trap shoot- ing was done in cold windy weather, when an on-looker could not fail to notice how the storm wind toyed with the shot. So bad was ‘it, indeed, that half, often won important matches—twenty-five birds out of fifty. Think of that, you men who consider anything less than a nearly perfect score at targets, bad shooting. One stormy day when all the shooters with this dust shot were doing their worst, I went into a match announcing. my intention of using sevens, and was called several kinds of a fool. But when I had scored thirty-four out 1298 of thirty-five, and won everything in sight, the fool became a hero. Nines might have done as well, but there is no chance for doubt about the sevens. On the other hand, I would hate to say how many geese I once killed straight, with sevens—it would surely be blue-pencilled. I did it by ROD AND GUN IN CANADA holding well in front, and if I missed the head, caught the honker in the neck. But I think self-confidence is everything, and if a shooter, or any one else, doesn’t be-_ lieve he can do a thing, he is pretty apt to fail, until by keeping his eyes open, fe sees something that makes him change his mind. _ Homebrew Pistols HE writer designed and constructed his first homebrew pistol in 1904, reckoning himself an originator. Judging from the recent published epidemic along that line he can at best only claim to beapioneer. The illustration speaks for itself. It shows the well known Savage Junior rifle camouflaged beyond recognition except by the cogniscenti who early cut their eyesight on gun catalogs. I’ve done a deal of shooting that way myself. It’s a great indoor sport when the weather is bad. This pistol was made—. Just a moment, gentlemen. As a kid I had the boy’s usual fondness for applied ballistics. It began with stones and evolved through bows, bean shooters, cross- bows and spring guns, up to the Chicago air rifle. The last was a bear. When new it would shoot through the butt end of a pine shingle or the thickest pair of pants. It lasted several years, but the spring got weak, the piston wore loose and I was getting older. My fond parents refusing me a rifle, what did I do? What did the beer drinkers use to do when local option came to town? Packed something more portable and dangerous. I took to pistols. I have a holy horror of boring people, but perhaps this will strike a responsibe note in the heart of the hopeful reader, since boys are as alike as beans, though the Sullivan law has made it difficult for a boy to be such in my native state. My first pistol cost twenty- five cents second hand. It had a three inch barrel and no breech block. For good reasons it was bored (or moulded) so small in the barrel that it was impossible to load a bullet cart- ridge into it. I got around this easily by loading a 22 blank and wadding down a BB shot from the muzzle. The result was grati- fying. The tiny pellet pierced a half inch Pine plank and the air gun went into the dis- card. Lacking a breech block and having only a weak hammer spring to withstand WILLIAM S. CROLLY the explosion (BB Flobert rifles were also made that way) it frequently became a self ejector like the blowback automatic. This was remedied by twisting a heavy rubber band around the hammer. Crude? Sure: just like the early empirical tiretaped aeroplanes. This weapon, a marvel of inaccuracy at five yards, was a game getter at short range. It killed a lot of bullfrogs at distances of two feet or less. I stalked them on my belly through the shore grass with the craft of a red Indian. One might easily have grabbed them by the legs, but shooting was more romantic. Something like eloping with your best girl after dad has thoughtfully left a ladder leaning against her window; or drink- ing bad booze in a temperance town hole-in- the-wall. Life is the bunk, one piece of vision- ary acting after the other. My next lethal toy was a single shot - twenty-two similar to the first, but bored for — the short cartridge and rifled. The barrel swung open on a lateral hinge. I once saw a shotgun breech that way in the dear dead past; and in 1894 the Stevens Company made a little 22 rifle with the same type of breech. . The ejector came separate: a square iron or to punch out the expanded empty shell. Ruinthe rifling? What the h—, Bill, what the h-——? Why be so darned particular? Last year I loaned my 1906 Winchester to a friend who wasn’t interested in guns, but wanted to shoot rats. He almost -forgo himself and cleaned the bore after using, bu remembered just in time that cleaning spoile a gun and that the best protection against rust was a nice rich coating of burnt powder in the barrel!!! Despite all my efforts with | the brass brush and dope, three small pits — developed. It still shot well but was prompt- ly sent to the factory for fitting another barrel. One gets finicky and oldmaidish as the years troop by. It’s the law of averages. AR With this more powerful pistol I did worse we. th . - } eS a mi ’ ROD AND GUN IN CANADA damage to the frogs and once dropped an English sparrow at three yards. We were both surprised. - My next came out of Will Roselle’s attic. I have never seen its like since. It was a single shot, rifled muzzleloading percussion Pistol of about fifty calibre. The flat hammer lay on top of the barrel and the freak func- tioned as a double action only. The hammer, _ asquare piece of metal about two inches long, rose like a trap door on pulling the trigger and fell on the cap with a roar and a kick of unparalleled violence. Usually we held it in both hands, especially when loaded with a marble and about forty grains of black powder dug from some old Civil War minnieball cartridges found in the attic. Sometimes we loaded it with half an ounce of number eight shot to shoot snakes. We never could find the heads, but the tails wriggled till.sundown, proving the snake a lowdown critter with more tail than brains. This postmortem wriggling was often discouraged hy a second shot through the body or the savage applica- tion of a rock poultice. But we outgrew this cumbersome cannon and there ensued a fine succession of revolvers that were sold,. traded, lost or shot to pieces down the trail of time. At first they were all twenty-twos. The succession started with a round handled plain cylinder Defender cost- ing seventy five cents over the counter. The 1299 saw handle, fluted cylinder variety cost a dollar—and money was scarce. One of these thoughtlessly went off in my hand and merely parted Bill’s hair, thus preserving a good actor for Broadway. We got so sore at the darned careless pistol that we emotional!y laid it on the chopping block and beat it into worse junk with an axe. Simple souls! About that time we read Scott’s Talisman and learned that King Richard the First impressed Saladin by chopping an inch thick iron mace in two pieces with one swipe of his trusty broadsword. Laying a horseshoe of large size on the block we swung a brand ~ new axe with all the vigor of ninety pounds and reverse results. After contemplating the damage done we decided that steel must have had better cutting qualities in those days, chucked the horseshoe into the bushes and immediately disappeared for the day. The hired man never could successfully explain the condition of that axe. The best of the twenty-twos was a single action Colt with unguarded trigger. It was a good shooter and thoroughly well made. Later the cycling craze came to town and we acquired light roadsters of fifty pounds with real two inch pneumatic tires. The need of protection in the wilds of Westchester County, N.Y., called loudly for something heavier than a twenty-two. The romantic mood would not be denied. A Sing Sing 1300 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA =. pawnshop sold us kids two .44 calibre British Bulldogs heavy as dumbells. took the Webley cartridge. One day we passed a man with a big white bull terrier. The dog being a reactionary, promptly chased our new fangled inventions to the evident amusement of his owner. I fired at the brute over the rear wheel and missed, but the pow- der burned his nose and he turned tail. His master raised a desolating howl of protest, when we dismounted, mad as hornets, and we invited him to come over and get his. We didn’t care much what we did in “those days: but, then, he should have called off his dog. My last revolver was the first issue of the Iver Johnson, a full nickeled 38 S. & W. cal. breakopen. The price $2.50. It costs twelve now. ‘Times have changed since mother was a girl. I was so proud of this gun that I carried it in my hip pocket on Sundays while singing in the local Episcopal choir. It didn’t bother me a bit, because the cushions were soft and besides we were always either standing or kneeling. Then came rifles and for a while pistols took a back seat. But in 1902 I bought a Stevens Gould model target pistol with ten inch barrel. It cost twelve dollars which was mystifying, since a month previous I had purchased a fifteen inch, new model Vernier sighted pocket rifle for $9.63. The pistol in general was merely a new model rifle with heavier butt, cheaper sights, some cheap machine checking and minus a detachable stock. I never could understand the philosophy of prices as ap- plied to the Stevens products in those days. The best I could do was 81 on the Standard American target at fifty yards. Tried the Remington and Stevens Lord mode! and found both too heavy. The Lord model is as scarce as the dodo. Saw the last one in a bowery hockshop two years ago. Also tried the Smith and Wesson but did not approve of the grip. Sold the Gould and devoted myself exclusively to rifles. But in 1904 I found myself again wanting a target pistol and not keen for paying the prices demanded. A new catalog showed a picture of the Savage Junior 22 calibre bolt rifle and I immediately decided it was the thing for conversion into a pistol. This toy cost only four dollars and was remarkably well finished. I sawed off the barrel at ten inches, squared the muzzle with a broad flat file, (some job), countersunk the muzzle with emery paste and brass ball, slotted for the front sight and laid the result on the rest at I think they © thirty five yards. It shot as well as I could | . hold. The rear sight was a fixed peep with an | " 4 auxiliary notch on the top, located back | of > ie the breech. For this reason the Junior was — Sy 2 and still is the only bolt rifle adapted for conversion into a pistol. This sight I filed down to a U-notch. Then I cut off the stock at the grip and fitted a pistol grip with glue and a long screw. The result was a wierd buccaneer-like weapon at least as long asa twelve inch pocket rifle and very muzzle — heavy. It handled badly as a pistol, but as a =) pocket rifle it was the thing. I used it with- ~ out any stock, holding the butt firmly against — a my cheek and tumbled small game at fifty __ yards with monotonous regularity. Later I ty ae made a wire stock but soon discarded it as 2 non-essential. The cheek rest was: simpler. and better. From another Junior I evolved the pistol shown in the illustration. The original fore- — t arm is used. The dotted lines show where ~ ae the grip is joined and also the depth to which the grip is slotted for the eighth inch rod tha ; connects the new forward trigger with the original combined trigger, sear and ejector, cut off as indicated. This rod bears on the round heads of two small brass nails and i held in bearing by two brass staples. Th sear has been filed to a shorter pull. The p is a short but exceedingly delicate | Nothing could be sweeter. The bolt tended to cock on the closing moveme foolish design and in this case a more ‘thar dangerous business. I always hold the tri, back whem homing the- bolt and _ cock ane pin with another motion. - The eg on either side of the slot. The pe been filed down to a U-notch sight point-blanked for thirty-five y: rds lev eled with wings of the notch, Wher pias aaputied but the same elev: ( talits with the same levelling: But i the whole front sight base and part « of t barrel become visible. It has practically accuracy of the peep sight without, howe the latter’ sdiaphraghming sharpening oftect a Oa sight is Se ONS to blur., A co mbin pinec The ers are » filed to a ices and insert reamed holes in the grip about one and. fourth inches apart. ‘The checking was de — ROD AND GUN IN CANADA with a small three-cornered file. The outfit is carried in a big Civil War holster of real leather, bought from Godfrey in 1904 for fifty cents. Those were the happy days. This pistol is not perfect. It is slightly end heavy. This could be corrected by cutting the barrel off at eight inches by turning the barrel down or by putting the grip farther forward. This would necessitate cutting new threads for the takedown screw. “ __ I have done better work with this pistol _ than with the Gould, mainly because the grip fits my hand. Grip and balance are every- thing in a pistol, I think. In 1914, just prior to leaving San Francisco as cinematographer “for the California Motion Picturé Corpora- tion’s expedition to Tiburon island, I was forced to look around for a revolver. I had not packed a short gun for years and the romantic mood that impelled me to hide a “pistol under a chorister’s cassock had long : flown, but knowing the gentle character of _ 1301 the alleged cannibal Seris Indians, who will kill you for a lead pencil and don’t care much about writing, I decided to arm like the rest of the party. In company with “Bud”? Dun- can, the comedian (my assistant, who was making the trip for a holiday) I went into a sporting goods store on Market Street to outfit. Bud, being incorrigibly an actor, bought a Mauser pistol because it appealed to his imagination. Misguided that way I would have selected the aristocratic S. & W. Special Military. But it didn’t fit my hand. Neither did the Colt’s Navy, nor half a dozen others. They wére all excellent, but no good for the rather slim hand that would have to use them. I wanted a gun that in a nervous situation could be brought into action with less trouble than I had in finding my wedding ring. At last I found it: it was the Colt Police Positive handling the plain old fashion- ed not-so-much-used-as-formerly 38 Smith & Wesson. It fitted like an increase in salary and I grabbed it. . It cost me fourteen dollars. A Home-made .22 Pistol H. W. » EADING at different times of home- made pistols or rather converted rifles, am taking the liberty of enclosing a _ photo of one Ihave made from a Model 1904 - Savage, .22 calibre single shot, which adapts itself very well. As you see, I had to reseat the trigger _ some three inches forward from the original _ position and did so by welding a piece of - boiler plate and cutting down with a hack saw and file to desirable shape. The take down screw is in the same position, but set the rear sight back onto the bolt housing making a greater distance between sights. I cut off the barrel With a hack saw and main- tained the length to 10” from chamber which gives a good balance and range. is just a piece of birch cut out to suit my hand, andthe butt plate is rubber from an old shot gun; the trigger guard, an old piec® of iron hammered out to desired shape and after staining and oil finishing, it *makes a very eee gous gun. - Have endareemteed to sketch the way I - fixed the trigger below. Hope this will be of some use to brother gun-cranks and sports- - Men desiring a long range and accurate .22 2 _ calibre pistol to tote on their rambles. BAe La \ a Pits pe Saar ae eee The wood SMITH Have had a very fine duck season this year, as the weather has been simply wonder- ful and Buffalo Lake, Rush Lake and all the sloughs here had lots of ducks, but now the season is over have to content myself with jack rabbits, which are fairly plentiful and afford some good sport to a man who is not afraid to walk for a few miles. Find after a little practice and using long rifle ammunition, that I can make good scores on gophers, crows, etc.,and once in a while a rabbit; and, carried in a home made holster, find it a great little side arm on my shotgun ramblings along the Moose Jaw creek. Hf you find this useful, have another pistol I made out of a Stevens .22 and will get a photo of same and forward. 1302 Queries and Answers ; The work of the .250-3000 Edit -, Guns & Ammunition Dept. I use a .250-3000 Savage (have for four seasons) and have always had satisfactory results, but this fall I got some cartridges loaded with steel (or at least what appears to be steel) jackets from a dealer and my chum killed a deer with my gun and when we examined the deer we could not find any marks or blood on it, except a broken front leg, broken below the knee joint. When he got the deer (which Was a good sized doe) home, and cut it up, he found three of those steel jackets in the body along the back-bone, well forward. He thought he Was missing it, until the deer fell. When we opened the body we saw from the blood that it was hit some place through the body. There was no outward sign of a bullet hole. These bullets act like full metal cased ones, except they don’t penetrate like the steel bullets. They seem to have no killing power. With the cartridges made by the Savage Arms Corporation this gun sure has done the job always when I have made a hit. What is your opinion about these shells? Do you think the jackets are too hard? The copper jackets act entirely different. I might say I like the .250-3000 fine. It is a greal gun, except in too thick brush; but, if you get a decent shot, it will do the work, and it doesn’t matter much how farit is. If you can get a sight and hold her still, the bullet will sure go home; but, of course, a heavier bullet is better in fine brush, although I have killed some deer in a very brushy place with the 2: 50-3000. I have used the same make of shells in other guns, ahd always found them O.KX. Later on, I will give you some of my experiences and some of the work I have seen done with various kinds and calibres of rifles. I am strong for Savage guns, but I don’t run down any gun if they are anywhere near the right calibre for the work they are being used for. Here are a few calibres I think are the best for all around deer or moose hunting, and I wouldn't ask for anything better to hunt any big game we have in Canada. They are as follows:—.30-30, .32 Special, .303 Savage, 303 British, .32 Rem., .33 Win., .35 Rem., and .401 and any make suits me as follows:— Winchester, Marlin, Savage, Remington. I prefer Marlins to Winchesters and Savages to Remingtons, But, Remingtons with action are good enough. slide I have had no exper- ROD AND GUN IN CANADA . | : ience with the .256 Newton, but think it ic must be a truly wonderful gun—judging from is it’s velocity and weight of bullet. ® I fully agree with Mr. Sangster, on a lou depending on the man behind the gun, and © I claim there are no better balanced ‘guns ~ made than the Savage and there are no guns mad@on nicer lines than the Savage .250-3000. This one of mine is as true shooting as any- thing I ever saw, for four yards or four hun- ~ dred. I only take a good full bead if I shoot at three or four hundred yards, but at short range she takes a very fine sight or she shoots high. If this gun could be made with a 140 or 150 grain bullet, it would be worth it’s weight in diamonds. I intend to change for — something heavier for next year. However, — I won’t throw the little Imp’s Big Bros in| the lake, yet for some time to come. . — Yours very truly, J. Knapp, Smith Falls. | Reply—The cartridges that you mention — were very likely jacketed with cupro-nickel — jackets, which are stiffer than the copper ~ jackets, but it seems rather unusuat that they should not mushroom well on deer. Pty The great trouble with the .250-3000 bullet ty is that it mushrooms too soon and too easily. i I have no doubt that the cartridges you meh- _ tion would have done better work on moose, y If, however, you find that they keep on work- _ ing this way, I would recommend that you — always use copper jackets for your deer shoot- — ing and do not use the others, unless you wish - to use them on heavier game. 3 Editor, Various Rifles Compared. oe Editor, Guns & Ammunilion Dept. Ld Will you kindly answer the eo ques- tions for me? What are the ballistics of the 35° Rem. Auto rifle? . Is the action a reliable one? Teo ay . Is not the firing pin it’s weakest point, as you cannot work the action without e e the hammer? + Does it do any harm to pull the triguet the rifle is not loaded? ae... My 2 How does it compare with the 250-3000 and the .303 Savage? Is the Savage more reliable, (that PE is it less liable to get out of order? F, Darlington, Sault Ste, Marie, Re ear he A ROD AND GUN IN CANADA ~ Reply—I would say that the .35 Remington automatic and the various Savage rifles would be about equally reliable so far as I have de- finite information. The .35 Remington has - an energy of 1260 ft. Ibs.; the .250-3000 Sav- age has: an energy of 1375 it. lbs.; while the .303 Savage has an energy of 1285 ft. lbs. Theoretically, there is very little difference between the three rifles. I think of the three, the .35 Remington cartridge would most like- ly prove to be the best killer in average close ~ yrange brush shooting, but it has a rather more disturbing recoil than the others. The .250- 000 would, of course, have a much flatter trajectory than the other two. Which to _ choose, depends upon which type of cartridge you prefer. I can see no reason why any of ‘the three should not prove reliable for the average W ork of these three rifles. ee Editor. Editor, Guns & Ammunition Dept. Could you let me know if using an adapter ina.22 High Power Savage in order to be able to use short cartridges as well as _ the long rifle for which the adapter is bored, will spoil the shooting of the rifle? I want a very light rifle with as little recoil _ as possible to shoot very accurately at 100 to 150 yards. Is there any other make of Savage not a .22 that will do this? Charles Lancaster of London uséd to ad- _vertise an oval bored rifle. This was bored smooth with no rifling. It would shoot either round or spherical balls or shot. I think he calls it the “Colindian.” Do you know any- _ thing about it? If so, please let me know. C. F. Bouthillier. Reni The .22 Savage H. P. is rifled with a 12 inch twist. The correct twist for the long rifle cartridge is one turnin 16 inches. There- ib fore, the .22 H. P. Savage will shoot the .22 — long rifle cartridge moderately well. The eorrect twist for the .22 short is one turn in 25 inches although some makers use one turn in 20inches. From that you can see that the -22 short would not be likely to shoot well in a 12 inch twist when the bullet is fitted up into the rifling before it is fired. When you give it the opportunity to jump through an open space Of considerable length before it strikes - the rifling you can see how much less likely it would be to shoot accurately. I do not believe that you would be satisfied _ with the shooting of the .22 long rifle cartridge in an ‘adapter in the .22 Savage High Power, when used at 100 to 150 yards. You would get much better results by reloading the .22 1. P. cartridges and would get still better 1303 results if you would reload a .250-3000 Savage with the .25-20 calibre metal cased bullets and a small charge of one of the short range powders. This usually runs from 7 to 10 grains, depending upon the powder. The American and Canadian shooters have been handed a great deal of bunk about the shooting of smooth bored weapons that are supposed to shoot anything from shot to a spherical ball. I have never used one of these Lancaster combinations and have no intention of choos- ing one of them because there are so many types of weapons that are very much superior and cost less money. For instance, a three barrelled gun would be very much superior if made with two shotgun and one rifle barre!s. A Pitted .22. Editor, Guns & Ammunition Dept. I have a .22 single shot bolt action which I got last winter. I used Dominion short smokeless and a few boxes of Dominion short *“Lesmok,” yet the barrel is all pitted and the rifling seems to be worn out. It is a very good shooting gun and when I practice with 22 shorts, the bullet only drops about 8 inches at 700 feet. Could you tell me the cause of the barrel being so pitted, and if possible, how to fix it. It is a model 1904. Selwyn Anderson, Golden, B.C. Reply—Your case is nothing unusual. Smokeless gemugution is almost certain to cause pitting in .22 calibre rim fire cartridges due to the fact oe the priming charge must be very strong to ignite the powder properly and unless you used ammonia in cleaning your rifle, you are very likely to have trouble from pitting. Unless you used a good nitro- cleaner you would have the same trouble with the Lesmok cartridges. - Evidently some kind of an error has crept into your conclusions, because no .22 rim fire cartridge will shoot for 700 ft. with a bullet drop of 8 inches. Your rifle will undoubtedly shoot very high at short ranges if it is so sight- ed that the bullet strikes eight inches below the point of aim at 700 feet. There is no way of fixing your rifle except by buying a new barrel for it and in the future always be very careful to use a good cleaner or ammonia in cleaning your .22 calibre rifles, because they are the hardest weapons in existence to keep from pitting. Edi Editor, Guns & Ammunition Dept. Would you kindly let me know if it makes 1304 any difference whether one-uses the .52 S. & W. Smokeless lead bullet, or the .32 S. & W. metal cased bullet in the Winchester .30-40 706 Govt. Rimless supplemental chamber;— if there is any harm done to the barrel of the rifle and how to prevent it? H. Martin, Pouce Coupe, B.C. Reply—I would suggest that you use the .32 S. & W. cartridge loaded with metal cased bullets in preference to the same cartridge loaded with lead bullets, in the .30-40. It is almost certain that you will have some trouble from leading when shooting cast bullets through a 10” twist, and so you wil! get-much better results from the cartridges having metal cased bullets. Just how much trouble you will have, depends considerably upon the condition of the bore of your rifle. Editor A Load For Foxes. Editor, Guns & Ammunition Dept. Please advise the best load for foxes and how far it will kill in a 12 gauge full choke gun? A. W. Tatham. Reply—One of the best loads to use for fox shooting would be 28 grains of dense smokeless or 344 drams of bulk smokeless powder and 11% ounces of BB shot in a 12 gauge full choke gun. Range 60 to 80 yards. Editor. A Single Ball Cartridge. Editor, Guns & Ammunition Dept. There is a ball shot cartridge advertised. Is this intended for cylinder or choke gun and what results could one expect? A Reader Reply—The usual 12 gauge single ball cart- ridge contains a 16 gauge ball and can be used in either full choke, modified choke or cylinder bore 12 gauge shotguns. The results that you will secure depend considerably upon the way that the ball will fit in the barrel of the gun. Ordinarily you will get about a six inch group at 50 yards with a good shooting gun. If you hit anything with it you are sure to get results as this large round ball tears a splendid hole in big game. It also has remarkably good penetrationin meat. Ihave seen deer shot through both shoulders with round balls and they always went clear through the hide on the far side. Editor, The .32 Winchester. Editor, Guns & Ammunition Dept. I have a .32 Winchester Special, Model ROD AND GUN IN CANADA - cartridges without any trouble, I would pre-— would be correct when this is written, might — ‘ clothes pin will form a good holder for 1894. It has a .26” octagon barrel made of — nickel steel. The magazine holds nine (9) — cartridges. I would like to know the differ- — ence between this gun and the .30-30. eet Could I shoot the .30-30 cartridge? Is this a good big game gun? What is the point | blank range? What is the price of this gue ; What is the range of this gun? 4 ‘Curtis Thaden, New Rochelle, N.Y. : : Reply—The .32 Special ‘Winchester _ is slightly more powerful than the .3C-30, but — notmuchmoreso. However, if youcan get the fer them to the .30-30. It is as good as any other big game gun of _~ this class. The point blank range for thite. cartridge would be about 100 yards. Theo- retically, no rifle has a point blank range. The prices of rifles have changed consider- : able during the last year and the prices that — not be correct when it is printed. Would — > suggest that you write to several nearby deal- ers for their latest prices. an The rifle would be accurate at 300 yards © oe and would give fairly good accuracy at longer — range. The action is reliable and the cart-— ridge is as accurate as others of: this type. This will prove a very satisfactory rifle for — big game hunting. Would suggest that you have it fitted with a good pair of peep sights. _ Editor, 3 qu bes, 4 eh = MAKING EXPANDING BULLETS. Editor, Guns & Ammunition Dept. a In the December issue of Rod and aie Walter Barrie of Barrows, Manitoba, gives ,; information about how to make expanding — bullets from the full metal cased ones. — Have been making my own expanding bullets for several years, with wonderful — success. Their only comparison on game is - the. .280 Ross. I use a Krag Carbine pure chased from the Waterveliet Arsenal. cased ammunition costs $15.00 per M. — The tools necessary to remodel the bullets are a vise, a file, an old fashioned clot a 5-32 inch drill and a drill stock, Pinch the bullet part in the clothes pin tighten in the vise. Be sure not to th neck of the shell in the clothes pin. 1 bullet. File off the top of the bullet until th lead is exposed. Then start the drill which will centre itself as the core is much softer than the case, Drill about one-third es length of the bullet. Tests have prove a th ROD AND GUN the bullet can be drilled more than half its length with perfect safety. At first the thought occurred that the terrific pressure would cause the core to leave the case. This is not so. Now press the bullet on a BB shot until the shot protrudes just a little from the hole in the bullet, so as to make a round point- ed bullet. There is very little work to it. Have fixed up a hundred bullets like this in a couple hours. A woodchuck hit with them is scat- _ tered along the ground for ten to fifteen feet. A deer will simply drop in his tracks. Hoping this information will be of service to your army. of readers, I am, — «=. Tyan L. Hicks, - Troy, NY. Cartridges For A Maynard Rifle. Editor, Guns & Ammunition Dept. I am asking for some information regarding a Maynard Target Gun made by the Mass. _ Arms Co., Chicopee Falls, in 1882. I have _ been unable to find shells that will fit it. There are two barrels, one .45 calibre, the other .38 calibre or a .40 calibre. I have written to Chicopee Falls, but cannot get any answer. > If you know what firm took over the Maynard Works I would be pleased to have you put me in touch with them so that I may be able to get ammunition for this gun. : ; Thos. Letcher, Red Deer. Alta. Reply—The Maynard rifle has not been - ‘Manufactured fora great many years. If your rifle is not stamped as to calibre and you cannot find any shells that will fit it the only way to find this out would be to make sulphur casts of the chamber and then send them to some company like the Remington New York City, or Dominion Cartridge Co., _ Montieal, who could supply cartridges if _ anybody could. Q ; Editor. _ A DEER HUNT IN BRITISH COLUMBIA. John Johnson. ~My son and I recently went hunting on the _ Larch Hills in British Columbia. The first _ time we raised a nice deer and fired one shot at the buck and got it. It had seven points on one horn and six on the other. The horns, _ head and neck weighed sixty-five pounds and _ the quarters weighed fifty-five pounds apiece. _ The brush was very thick and after consider- able difficulty we got the quarters out to a fire: trail and as it was getting dark we stayed _ time we saw nothing but tracks, but the second ~ IN CANADA 1305 on the mountain over night. Shortly after dark it began to snow and by morning there was six inches of it on the ground. We had no grub and our horses had nothing to eat for about twenty-five hours. W. H. Ward of Deep Creek, Indiana, holds the belt for game this year. He shot one deer and the bullet passed through and killed another one farther off in the brush. He was using a Model 1895 Winchester, shooting the .30 Government cartridge loaded with the 220 grain bullet. The bullet struck the first deer through the ribs, destroyed one-half of the heart and then hit the other deer in the fore-leg up close to the shoulder and stopped at the outside skin on the far side. The bullet went through about two feet of deer meat and bone and killed two deer on the way. The bullet had upset to 7-8 of an inch across and was 3-8 of an inch long and the copper jacket was peeled back beyond the base of the bullet. It penetrated about nine inches in wood, while the umbrella pointed bullet went to pieces at six inches. Possibly some of your readers will be in- terested in this information. Blueing and Cleaning Barrels. Editor, Guns & Ammunition Dept. As a reader of your magazine I am taking the liberty of writing for information. Ihave a double barreled gun formerly blue steel finish, but the blueing has all worn off. Would you please send me information as to how I might reblue the barrels or lock? I know this information has been published before, but I unfortunately lost my copy containing it. Also is there any way of cleaning barrels that are slightly pitted? Would emery paper in- jure them? ‘ - S G. Ruddell, Winnipeg, Manitoba. Reply—Dr. A. A. Merrill of Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, wrote a very complete article on blueing processes for this department some- time ago. However, we never recommend shooters to try to reblue arms at home because results are never very satisfactory. We would suggest that you would send your gun back to the factory or to some good gunsmith. The best way to clean out rust would be with a steel scratch brush and some kind of arust remover. Coal oil is also good. Remove all that is possible with a scratch brush. Then finish with rags coated with rust remover. After you have gotten all of it out that can be re- moved, grease the gun until it is needed. Editor. e 06 " ROD AND GUN IN CANADA The Effect of a Takedown on Sighting. extreme range of about two-thirds of a mile- Editor, Guns & Ammunition Dept. At two hundred yards a good .22 will group ~ I have enjoyed reading the “Queries and most of its shots into an eight inch circle — Answers” column very much and it just oc- provided you have perfect weather conditio. curred to me that I would like afew questions ' but it is not likely that you will obtain groups, % answered. of this size with your light rifle. =| I have a .22 calibre Stev ens Marksman Your 16 gauge Harrington & Richarc son — rifle, takedown model, 22 inch barrel and I would be a good gun for a boy of your age. * find. that the sighting is slightly changed When you are able to afford a better rifle” every time I take it apart. As I use it at would suggest that you get one of the high target matches this is very important and I — grade .22 calibre rifles like the B.S.A. No. 12, think it was the cause of my poor scores for Winchester Bolt Action or the Stevens Single — my first matches. The scores in order were Shot No. 414 for your target shooting. You rs 50, 59, 85, 86. Thesuddenjumpinscorewas, can get real groups with any of these rifles. od I think, caused by a change of the sights when : Editor. » ee I put the rifle tegether. Is there any way by rari which I cculd remedy this? The 280 Ross and the .256 Newton Compared What is the extreme range of this rifle using Edilor, Guns & Ammunition Dept. =" the long rifle solid bullet cartridge? I have What is your opinion of the .280 Ross and | : been able to hit a board a foot wide by three the .256 Newton? What is their weight ‘and . feet high at about two hundred yards, al- have they a heavy recoil? though I think it was a fluke. 2 Thos. Wilson, I recently bought a 16 gauge, Harrington Toronto, Ontario. : and Richardson shotgun. Do you consider Reply—Both the .256 Newton and. th this a good gun for a boy of my'age, l5 years? .280 Ross have a moderately heavy reco It is a single barrel and so far I have found — especially the Ross. However, it is not suf-— it very satisfactory. ficient to make them unpleasant to use, ‘pro- . H. M. vided you are accustomed to shooting a high: 5 “4 ~ Reply—Taking apartand re-assembling a power rifle. an takedown rifle nearly always changes the They weigh in the neighborhood of seven sighting, especially if it is a cheap rifle and to eight pounds depending upon the weight — 3 has had considerable use. The best plan is of the stock, as_rifles vary slightly because to always leave the rifle assembled and clean some of them have heavier or ghey Bienes, ; it, without taking it apart. of wood in the stock. The .22 calibre long rifle cartridge has an : Natural History Photos. 3ONNYCASTLE DALE %§ Pacific Loon, one year old. 5 Da 4 T is almost exactly six years ago, to wit, June Ist, 1914, that the writer, in com- pany with three other white men, crossed the Nelson river on the commencement of a journey to Winnipeg which occupied twenty- two days; and which, within the space of perhaps no more than a couple of years from now, will be accomplished in less than twenty- four hours, by rail. Further, it is probable that more people will make the journey within the year that sees the steel reach Hudson’s Bay than have hitherto made it throughout all the ages. Our successive means of locomotion between Port Nelson and Winnipeg were (1) a dog sled, (2) a canoe, the progress of which may be further sub- divided as follows:—(a) paddling, (b) rowing, (ec) sailing, and (d) tracking (3) a small river steamboat, burning wood, (4) a fishing sloop (5) a Lake Winnipeg steamer, and (6) an electric street car, the last from Selkirk into the Manitoban capital. The party started off in cariboo coats, and finished up in its shirt-sleeves. As far as I am aware, this crossing of the Nelson, from the Port to Beacon Point, was at the time the latest ever made; and for all I know to the contrary, it might stand as record yet. The river was expected to “go out” at any hour. Indeed, on the morning of our start the pencil ice was merely held together by a fortunate frost of the previous night. At that, there was water almost all over it, in some places waist deep. The grounded ice, which lay for a mile or two out cat either bank, was just slush, through which we had literally to force a passage. Every VESEY few yards a dog was disappearing from sight, to reappear as his fellows unceremoniously hauled him clear. The sight was much like that of a strong swimmer cuiting through breakers. It was heartbreaking toil for those of us who walked and ran, and for the dogs. The remaining three of the white quartette were George Wray, the Hudson Bay Com- pany’s factor at York, and magistrate for the district, Finlay Maclennan, chief auditor to the Department of Railways and Canals, and a railroad engineer, whose name also was Maclennan (“Macs’’ pervade the northland almost as much as they do the Clyde). At this stage of the trip the fur factor had the best of the deal, for he was in the “‘carry-all’’— a home made sled with a seat in the rear of it, and canvas sides, its name doubtless being a corruption of cariole. Here he sat, in state, along with the few things we were taking out with us—which included a violin belonging to me, and which, by the way, got no farther than Fort York, where it probably is yet. If ever I happen to be in that neighborhood again I shall try to get that fiddle back. Wray’s weight could not have been less than a hundred and eighty pounds, so that the five huskies had all their work cut out to draw him, the carry-all, and three men’s luggage. One of the Company Indians tarried at the rear end of the sled, to help it along, and to give it a hoist whenever it sank deeply, which if fairly frequently did. There were two other men with us, a half breed named Arthur St. Clair (whom I afterwards met in a Flanders trench, dressed in a kilt) and another old Indian, the official guide—one Beardey. 1308 After a couple of hours of Herculean labor, we managed to reach the “‘glib” ice covering the deep water channel. It looked dubious enough, for it was covered with pools of water acres in extent, and the sun was beginning to shine brilliantly. The Indian behind the sled wanted to turn back. Even ancient Beardey, the man whose counsel, by all the laws of common-sense, we should have hearkened to, gravely shook his senile head T. M. Vesey, Port Nelson, 1914. and averred we had left it a day too late. The dogs sat upon their haunches and howled at sight of the water. St. Clair resolutely declined to say a word that could be counted as an opinion either way. As to the two Macs and myself—well, we had an uncomfortable feeling that we should be laughed at if we returned to Port Nelson. And, speaking for myself, at any rate, I had a most uncomfort- able feeling about going on. I was distinctly ill at ease about the business, either way it went. Since then I have frequently been pretty badly scared by one thing and another; but, speaking from present recollection of bygone scares, I can recall no specific episode during which I had the “wind up” to any higher velocity than I did on this occasion. ROD AND GUN IN CANADA - southern shore. Then he waved aperemptory and hoofed it with the rest of us, across that / Personally, I think I would have with almost _ ~ The Maclennans, I have reason to believe, felt about the same way. So we, too, held aloof from the exchange of opinion. We re-— j mained neutral, willing either to go forward _ or back, as decided by the factor—who was really the man in charge of this part of the — trip. I scarcely like to confess it now, evento myself, but it seems to me that I was secretly et hoping he. would give the “about turn” — command. He scanned the green-white_ se expanse of ice and water, examining oe | minutely clear to the grounded ice of the — hand, and said: “Go on.” It sounded like: — “Let’s all get drowned.” After all, he was | an old hand, and probably understood — conditions as well as Beardey did. (I recall, a however, that he climbed out of the carry-all - deep water channel.) The old Cree j just | shrugged his shoulders and went ahead of us, — a hundred yards or so, tap, tap, tapping at the flooded ice with his stick, in a way that for — some reason reminded me irresistibly of — Pugh, the horrid blind man of “Treasure — Island.” On we went. The thing seemigd >) to be developing into a sort of neck or nothing © business. At every pool of water the dogs — howled disconsolately, balked, tried to skirt it, drew back, turned around, and behaved generally like horses refusing a jump. Some- — times they had to be dragged forward by their harness. A good part of the way they were swimming.’ Across the channel we ran nearly all the way, for it is easy to run in moccasins — equal facility run in ammunition boots, 4 seeing that I was buoyed up, so to speak, by the mental vision of that icy river travelling seawards at seven miles an hour beneath the inch and a quarter of rotten ice that — separated me from it. Wedidnottravelina — straight line, by any means, but «followed bs dead in the tracks of the guide, who tapped an extremely sinuous course. My natural in- clination would have been to make one wild dash direct for what looked most like safety; : but I discovered in myself intelligence enough © to back Beardey’s knowledge against my own ignorance, and so did not diverge a yard. a Once, when we were well on towards the - oP centre, he hesitated, advanced a few steps dana one direction, gazed earnestly ahead, re- — traced his footsteps and essayed mioiheh direction, then turned and looked almost i appealingly back at Wray. But that Crom- — ty wellian individual merely waved him vonyand ' “ = IR re. < south. .. : ROD AND GUN IN CANADA centre of the channel, St. Clair stripped off his coat and dropped it into the carry-all. “Not that it’s of much use,” he remarked Frankly, I began to feel thoroughly annoyed about the whole thing, and wished I was any- where else than there (except, of course, underneath there). Every one of us gripped - aseparate piece of rope tied to the back of the sled, so that, in case one went through, the dogs might possibly haul him clear. However, the ice held, and I have always looked kindly on cold weather since then. When we reached the shore ice we had lunch, in order to fortify ourselves for facing the second edition of the Herculean toil through the slush; for we were still several miles from Beacon Point. This part of the journey was merely a repetition of the first. We made the Beacon at last, at “six p.m. We had started at eight in the morning. Eleven miles in ten hours. Several Indians awaited us at the Point. What was far more, they had a hot supper for us within afew minutes. After partaking of this we crossed a narrow strip of land, some fifty or sixty yards in width, climbed into two canoes that were in readiness for us, and were paddled the five miles up the Hayes to York Factory. The Hayes and the Nelson Rivers mingle their waters into the same estuary; yet we were able to step off the ice of the one «stream, walk a few rods across the spit, and were on the open water of the other. It was with feelings of the liveliest satis- faction that we entered the post and were welcomed by the magistrate’s wife. She was the fourth white woman we had seen in eleven months. Tired as we were, we played at billiards. Also, we drank Bass’ ale. (I wonder whether there is any there now?) We felt that we had once again touched the fringe of civilization, even though we were still upon the lonely shore of Hudson’s Bay. I was dog tired when I -went to sleep, but still my slumbers were troubled by weird dreams of Stevenson’s Pugh tapping his way across the ice. Fort York is still a lonely and somewhat desolate spot, and nightly the wolves howl outside its fences. Yet the _ day cannot be far distant when the gaunt structures of grain elevators will stab the sky ___ beside Beacon Point and the wireless towers of Nelson. _ Brilliant sunshine augured well for the _ beginning of the long canoe passage to the It was the third of June. The day I looked at him—apprehensively, I imagine. - drily, ‘’cos if we go through we’re done for.” — 1309 of war had not yet beaten their call to arms © though they were soon to beat. Little did any of us dream, as we slid noiselessly out on to the bosom of the Hayes, waving our farewells to the group upon the wharf at York Factory, that within a brief space of weeks the bugles of Britain would be sounding the ‘‘Fall in,” their echoes penetrating to the farthest outposts of Empire and warning her sons that the Hun was at the gate. The third of June, 1914: lying back in the canoe, revelling in the bright sun and the ever- changing river scene, how little could I imagine that precisely two years later, and on just such another glorious day, I should be standing with the broken yet unbeaten rem- nant of a Canadian brigade, on a field three thousand miles away. However, we cannot lift the veil that hides the future; which is perhaps as well, because we might fear to — face it. The party now consisted of nine souls; six Indians and three whites, the fur factor staying at York. Beardey was still with us, as guide. Old as he was, he could play the best paddle of all, and I really believe that _ every stretch of that long, intricate, winding waterway was photographed upon his brain, for he unerringly chose the best channel, even when the entire river width seemed, to all surface appearance, the same boiling rapid. For an hour or so, while the tide was running briskly in from the Bay, paddling was easy (especially so, merely to watch other people doing it) and progress rapid. It. was not long, however, before the natural force of the stream, overcoming the lessening flow, became too strong for this method, and tracking had to begin. Only one Indian remained in the stern of each craft, while the others, two on each long line, hauled the canoes. And this tracking continued for four whole days—to the first portage, in fact, known as The Rock, one hundred and nine miles from York Factory. It was surely a hard period, for the Indians, the foothold upon the steep banks being at times extremely insecure. Running, sliding, ‘scrambling, sometimes breast high in the stream, at others clinging like flies high up the precipitous banks, they made their precarious way. A circumstance that struck us with unusual force was their extreme, immense cheerfulness under these adverse conditions. Most civilized men, if they fall into the water, off a rock, will swear; and even if they retain sufficient command over the “unruly mem- ber’’ to refrain from this, they will not, as a 1310 s rule, regard the mishap as an excellent subject for unrestrained hilarity. Not so these Crees. The more often they fell in, the more of a real good time they seemed to be having. At any laboring work to which he may be put, the Indian of these regions is morose and rest- less, and he will drop an agricultural imple- ment at any minute to chase a live wild thing. But put him at his own natural employment, for which all his traditions and upbringing have so eminently fitted him—trapping, hunting, snow-shoeing, canoeing, and the like—and he can give lessons in enthusiasm to a fanatic. By seven o’clock on that first evening, ~ ROD AND GUN IN CANADA or animal upon which we happened, they would grieve over the circumstance until the slaughter of some other creature restored their equanimity. they ate. Muskrats, rabbits, blackduck terns, beaver, groundhogs, all went int? the pot indiscriminately, at the first stopping — place. One evening, I recollect, there arose a fearful tumult among them, and, looking _ out from our tent, we observed that they were: all engaged upon the chase of a frog. However, he batrachian managed to get away, and the Crees returned to their tent disconsolate. Crossing the Nelson on the ice, June Ist. when we camped by the side of the stream, we had made twenty-four miles. It had seemed a long day, too—a long, long day of idleness (not referring, of course, to the Indians). But there were many more to follow. We were invariably away by five thirty a.m., after a hasty cup of tea. At about eight a halt would be made for breakfast; then on again until the noon hour. An after- noon snack held us up usually for about forty minutes, and we supped at about seven thirty p.m., wherever we decided to pitch our camp for the night, The Indians were undeniably great trench- ermen. They ate as they worked, like heroes, and it never-ending source of amazement to see what they could devour. Scarcely a living thing, from a muskrat to a ground-hog, ever eluded them. Their guns were always ready to their hands, and if, by any ill chance, they failed to kill a wild bird became a captured him, must ever remain one of the ~ dark and inscrutable mysteries. Personally, I incline to the belief that they would have demolished him, on precedent. They ate everything else, and I find myself unable to — imagine any reason Which might have induced © them to make an exception in the case of the frog. ; For ourselves, we contrived to obtain a fair quantity of game and fish during the journey. Indeed, we disposed of very little more than a half of the provisions with which we had provided ourselves at the start, excepting only the bannock, of which we were obliged to make more on the way. As the days wore on, and the miles dropped away behind us, the weather became warmer — and the vegetation along the river banks — grew less stunted, and presented a more — varied aspect, At first, nothing but the dark and mournful-looking foliage of the spruce — ee And everything they caught — So what would have been the ~ amphibian’s fate after death, had they Ss and the tamarack met our eye; but later the landscape was immensely relieved by the lighter colors of the birch and the alder. Willows also began to make their appearance _along the water’s edge, interspersed with the pale yellow of wild grasses. The evening of the second day out from York found us fifty-two miles from the Bay. : We might have done considerably better even than the twenty-eight miles, but for the occurrence of a heavy rainstorm that threat- ened to continue far into the night. However, a cloudless sky and a delightfully fresh forest country greeted our eyes at sun-up next day. This day passed without excitement, being ROD AND GUN IN CANADA signally in this instance. 1311 don’t strike this camp within an hour there is something wrong with my figuring.” He went to his knapsack and took out a long envelope, bulky with blue-prints. Finlay and I looked on while he awoke the sleeping sextette and proceeded to harangue it. He knew no Cree, and their ignorance of English was equally extensive. ““Winnipeg!”’ he shouted and brandished the envelope. ‘“Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Winni- peg! No stop here. North West Mounted Police!” It is usually good business to traffic on the Indian’s reverence for the Police, but it failed They looked as A Post in the Northland. but a repetition of the previous one’s tracking manoeuvres. On the Saturday night the - Crees hauled our two canoes carefully clear of the water, emptied them of their contents, and turned them bottom uppermost. A, _ hazy suspicion dawned upon me, but I did not give it voice. Next morning confirmed it. We did not awake until nearly six o’clock and there was not a stir in thé Indian tent. I strolled across the few yards of ground that separated us, and lifted the fly. There was the little serried row of Crees, slumbering with what might be called exasperating ‘peacefulness. When I returned to our own tent the two Macs were sitting up, watches inhand. 2 -“Tt’s Sunday,” I said, ‘‘and those pious _ red men Of ours will not move a yard to-day.” The railroader sprang to his feet. Pe P om + “Watch me,” he commanded. “If they ae ~ ss 7 4 artless as men will look who do not speak your language, but understand perfectly, never- theless, what you are driving at. They looked about as intelligent as a rail fence does. At length Beardey moved. Rising slowly and with dignity from his blankets he dug out his.hymn book; and the rest followed suit. We did not move until Monday. The Crees certainly endeavored to make up some, at least, of the lost day, for they dragged the tent about our ears at four a.m., and we were on the river again by half past. Before noon there came to our ears the distant reverberation of the first fall, and shortly afterwards we came upon it. There it stretched, clear across the Hayes, a white, seetnuing wall perhaps five feet in height. The long tracking stage was over, and we had reached the first portage—called the Rock. With the boom of the broad fall in our ears 1312 we halted for the midway meal and indulged in a few minutes’ fishing. In these little traversed, practically unfished streams of northern Manitoba there is “‘no waiting’: just like a continuous movie program. Pike and trout bite immediately and ferociously at a bare hook, bait being quite unnecessary. No sooner does the bright barb sink beneath the surface of the clear water than, like a shaft of silver light, some denizen of the river has it in his gills. We contented ourselves with catching sufficient for our immediate needs, and the Indians did the same. They caught far more than we did; but then, they ate far more. The amount of victuals those Crees could devour at a sitting was, as Bret Harte would have had it, “beautiful to see.” Early in the afternoon we made the portage (the first of thirty-nine) it occupying less than half an hour. But now came a period of arduous poling, the river for the next few miles being flecked everywhere with white, boiling foam. Four more portages were made in the course of the next three miles, though it was not always necessary to take every- thing from the canoes, or to lift them out of the water and carry them. We simply lightened the load by carrying as much as possible in one trip across the rocks, while the Indians forced the canoes up the rapids by means of their spruce poles. It was highly exciting work, and the shouting that accom- panied it was terrific.. ‘‘Asini! Asini!’’? would shriek the bowsman, his eyes glued upon the gleaming water before him; and the others would pole frantically—and sometimes drive the canoe with a surge straight on to the submerged stone it was designed to avoid. On these occasions the inarticulate yelling verged upon pandemonium. Since we were trying to push through to civilization with as little delay as possible we sometimes made no attempt at a portage at all, in places where one was really necessary. But whether we gained anything, in the aggregate, by these manoeuvres is doubtful, for at times, even with our united efforts, both muscular and vocal, we failed to ride over the rapid. On several occasions we were beaten back, twirling like tee-to-tums, when apparently on the verge of success. Our strength would abruptly give out, when one more honest thrust would have carried us over the crest into smooth water. Still, we progressed steadily, evert though slowly, towards the south,: hoisting sail whenever a fair wind sprang up, which was frequently the case toward evening, and ROD AND GUN IN CANADA ol making, on some days, nearly thirty miles. 3 On the hardest day of all we were compelled _ to manipulate ten distinct portages; and if between them was more poling than paddling, there being scarce a mile of unruffled water _ in the whole of the stretch. One canoe sprang — a leak, too, which was repaired with whitelead and tin, but only in a makeshift manner. _ After that it needed frequent baling, and we were more or less wet during the remains of the trip. On the fifth night we camped at the seaward end of Swampy Lake, one b hundred and forty miles from Hudson’s Bay. But from here on bad weather was encounter- ed, to our great discomfort. We traversed the lake under very adverse conditions. ae was violently gusty, the wind being against = us; and this gave the water an unpleasant chop. Moreover, out in the lake, which is fifteen miles in length by four wide, there was no shelter at all from the elements. It was afternoon before we reached the head, where is situated Whisky Portage—so named be- cause on one disastrous occasion a freight — Se canoe capsized in the rapid, and an entire "52a case of J. Barleycorn was lost in the depths. Another famous portage which we shortly afterwards made is called the McNab. It is — a short one, less than a quarter of a mile long, ; through a little bush trail. Midway between the two ends there stands a tiny paled en- closure surrounding a headstone which bears the simple inscription: “Sacred to the | memory of Robert McNab. Died i7th July, 1867. Aged 15 years.” Surely one of the loneliest graves beside which the rare tra- — 3 veller has ever paused to pay the passing, Ares tribute of a sigh. : ‘es a ate Wed ay f us heise : : , It was at the southern limit of this port: that our Crees had immense and tumultuous sport. Placing themselves in a circle, knee- ~ deep in the waters of a sequestered pool, and armed with their long spruce poles, they pro- — ceeded to “spear’’ a prodigious number ene x suckers. Their shouting and splashing had a definite object here, for it so confused the terrified fish that they fell an easy prey to the: _ pointed sticks, After this slaughter of the innocents we commenced the crossing of Knee oe Me Lake, the longest on the route—forty miles. In shape it might, to an imaginative person, — ; in have some faint resemblance to a human a knee, It is of no great breadth in any part, we, being merely @ widening of the river as it ah passes through level country. T ye evening we heard a distant shot, a “later A eo caught sight of a canoe. Instantly we pry 4 all excitement, and so were the Indians—bu Ki ve ay! te zt are 2 en Pe, pM ROD AND GUN IN CANADA £ not for the same reason. They had espied a loon, sitting upon the water, and were away in 2 moment, across the lake, to chase him. In vain did we order and even implore them to go forward, but our prayers and com- mands alike were futile. Until darkness was falling they paddled frantically after that elusive loon, which kept diving, at the moment of being fired at, and coming to the | surface again in the most unexpected places. And in the end they had to give up the hunt, \ for which I felt very glad. They would not do as we asked them, and came to no profit by their obstinacy. I can still reflect with 1313 claws, which he exhibited with a stoical com- placence that was amusing. Silence then fell heavily upon the group, and after this had lasted for what was, I suppose, the time demanded by etiquette, we once more shook hands with preternatural gravity, and with- drew, to pitch our own camp for the night. ‘By five am. we were away again, still traversing the lake. We were hoping to get a good day in, but it seemed we were to be dcomed to disappointment, for during the forenoon a fierce headwind sprang up, rend- ering progress impossible, so we halted At this halt, I might remark, we indulged in the : . The dog team. inward satisfaction that they did not get that loon Meanwhile we were on tenterhooks of anticipation to learn who had fired the _ strange shet, and whose was the strange canoe (which matter, curiously enough, did not seem to exercise our Indians in the least degree). ‘ We soon came up with it, and, in the gathering darkness, saw that it was pulled up on to the bank, near to a number of decoy ducks; while behind, on the fringe of the bush, was pitched a tent. A dog barked at our approach, and, upon our hailing, there issued forth from the tent.a young Indian wearing the Hudson Bay Company’s cap. He was accompanied by his squaw and three small children, these latter eyeing us furtively from - the shelter of their mother’s skirts. We shook hands solemnly, one with another, down to the tiniest baby. This handshaking business seems to be beloved of the redskin, and he performs it as though it were a religious rite. The young hunter, who came from Oxford here : House, next showed us some black bear's - only shave of the entire trip. Late in the afternoon the breeze died away! and we once more got started» The weather now. though, grew very changeable; the sky clouded over rapidly, and before long a thunderstorm burst, with heavy rain, once more driving us to seek shelter. This over, the wind turned fair, and we proceeded under sail, between intermediate drenching showers. By nine- thirty next morning we had completed the crossing of Knee Lake. Then came three short portages, to Jackson’s Bay and Oxford Lake. Early in the evening we rounded a bend, amid pretty, pastoral-looking country, and there, away on a hill to the southward of us, stood the buildings of Oxford House, one of the Company’s trading posts—and the first human habitation (with the exception of the Indian hunter’s tent) we had set eyes upon: for ten days, and in a distance of three: hundred and thirty miles. Oxford House is not nearly so old as York Factory, and is not marked on Franklin’s map at all. It contains only three white 1314 people, and perhaps two hundred Indians and breeds. The settlement is picturesquely situated in slightly rolling country of quite appreciable agricultural value. Our way now lay through a chain of small lakes, every one of which seems to bear several names indifferently. Franklin him- self called them all by one—his own name; but the most generally known appellations, so far as I could gather, are: Windy Lake, Pine Lake, and Lake Max. long portage into what is still called Franklin Lake, up which we proceeded for some twelve miles. Before noon next day we reached the height of land, after passing Whitewater Fall. From the height, which is the natural water- shed, all streams flow southward; so the greater part of our labors had at last finished. - The scenery during the next few miles was some of the best seen during the entire trip. It was extremely rocky and .wild, and we passed through one frowning gorge, the sides of which must have been well over a hundred feet in height. An eagle’s eerie crowned the crest. Rain now set in again heavily. The river, which, south of the height of_Jand, is called Blackwater Creek and the Echiamamis, grew narrower until it was a mere winding ribbon through the rushes, which we could touch on either hand. This stretch seemed to be the most utterly lonesome of the whole journey, for nothing was to be seen save the short stretch of water opening immediately ahead, the glistening, overhanging foliage, and the strip of gray sky above. At length we came to Robinson’s Portage, twelve hundred yards in length, which possesses the unique distinction of having 4 primitive tramway along it, with wooden rails and a large flat car. We piled both canoes, and the whole of our belongings, onto the car, and made the portage in one trip, which was something in the nature of a feat. Then followed the crossing of Grassy, Hairy, or Molson’s Lake (it is called by all three We did it in forty minutes’ sailing. arly next day we made the final portage of the journey—-Winter Portage. Now we hames). He i) Wy: A) > 11 ee " ie ou ith i wit Ay iy ie, on ge WT ri] Hi! ih m ii y si iy" i , vl l Beit, : A ie y. api (eecenre sia = ROD AND GUN IN CANADA = Next came a fairly ~ * had to be up and doing at half past two on the © ‘farewell to our six good Indians, and awarded nee were really on the home stretch. At about — three-thirty in the afternoon one or two _ isolated. wooden houses were to be seen along the left bank of the river, which is here called d by the somewhat curious name~ of the Sea a River, and is, in reality, a part of the Nelson. Jes At length it opened out into Little Playgreen Lake, then into Playgreen Lake; and at five in the evening we caught sight of the red— fs roofed buildings of Norway House. This was : our canoe destination. With a shout we , pulled into the landing stage, three hundred is) By and fifty miles from Hudsons Bay. The ae journey had taken us fourteen days, and it was with some satisfaction that we lay down that night to sleep in our tent on the shore. “Something attempted, something done, had <3 earned the night’s repose.’ We should have slept in the post ~igelk re but for the fact that it was already full to — overflowing. For Norway House is so near to the fringe of civilization that it annually og attracts as many trippers as trappers. We | following morning, in order to catch the fishing . company’s tug-boat, ‘Victor,’ which was to. iA ; convey us down the Jack River (the East | ie Nelson) to Warren’s Landing, at the northern extremity of Lake Winnipeg. So we bade them our surplus belongings, such as rubber | 2 boots and oilskins. The tugboat pulled out = in the gray of the morning, and five hours — later (though the distance is but twenty-five miles) we moored at Warren’s Landing. Lake d Winnipeg lay before us. Here we were com-— pelled to kill time for a day and a hatf, waiting — for the Selkirk steamer to put in an appear-_ ; ance. It arrived at last, but on the opposite iz side of the narrow strait, and we had to = charter a two masted fishing sloop, nothing smaller being available, to take us across the é% intervening half mile of water, Thirty-eight Ee hours later we reached Selkirk, and, boardi an electric street car, were in "Winnipes. ie within another hour. Total distance from _ Ee Port Nelson, six hundred and eighty-one a miles. ‘Total time, seventeen days. a on l mm wa a Ee 7 il wie 1 Ng? | had ll i oi iy Gus “ane i | ROD AND GUN IN CANADA -FORECAS ST- NAVY CUT CIGARETTES Gray tha toy LOLD? 2 Reminiscences and Remarks W. E. Dickson 2 OR many years I have bought your up- F to-date magazine at the news stands in this city and elsewhere, and havegreatly enjoyed reading the letters, from its contri- butors, regarding fish, game, and guns; but not much from the province of Quebec. These letters brought to mind, the days. of long ago, when the lads had lots of fun, hunting and fishing in the woods and streams of this, then new, country, even if there was not much leisure between times. For there were the chores to do, the cows to milk, teams to drive for the plow, hay to rake by hand. and other jobs too numerous to mention in these days of time saving machinery. Away back in my boyhood days, it was-a poor spring, when the lunge or sturgeon did not run from 30 to 50 Ibs. in many of the rivers in the then Lower Canada. In spring while the water was high, the fish were hungry for any kind of bait. The brooks, ponds and lakes had plenty of speckled trout, from the record one caught by ‘a Miss Ainslie, down to fingerlings. Those of about one pound being most esteemed. Then there was no question of in or out of season, but with pole and homemade tackle we went fishing, for the fun of it. Fishing for market was then little followed, in the country parts as high cost of living had not yet been born. Beef was 4c. by the quarter; pork 7c. by the hog; butter 12c. and so on. Caribou were located in Megantic, Artha- baska and Drummond counties. Moose east and north of that, and the deer from the Vermont line to Pontiac county. Now the caribou are very scarce, the moose gone fur- ther east and north, while the deer have been scattered over the ground vacated by the caribou and moose, too largely caused by the breaking up of the winter yards, by pot- hunters or lumber and shanty men, which drove the caribou out of their usual and suit- able breeding grounds, as running with dogs has done to the deer. Wild pigeons had to be chased out of the wheat, peas and buckwheat. When a few thousand did light on a field of grain, they would gorge themselves, and thresh out or break down what was !eft. By the farmers they were considered as 4 vermin, or plague. Being too fat for the taste of most people, those that were shot or even killed with el pen. The last time I aan a wild pigeon wa “za at East Harrington, Quebéc, in September = 1911. One thing about these pigeons, which I have not seen mentioned by others, was the = jiggers, a species of flea, that infested them. This insect would eat holes into them, ig into the flesh of the birds, and as well, thas human harvesters of the grain, where the — pigeons had been. The jigger is common, in oy Mexico and South America, and is oceasion-— ally found on the hardwood ridges up north. — QUERY—Did these vermin help, the extine- tion of the pigeons? Se Geese moved in flocks in the ’60s, and it was a triumph when a boy got one, as the ~ muzzle loading guns of those days were lack-— 4 “; ing in power for geese. Lore Ducks were more plentiful than now, and ~ most every hunter will tell you, how the ducks <4 have been depleted in the past 40 years, ee harassing them all the year round in the back — townships. Ducks are also the prey of hawks, cm many animals, and particularly of the Great — Northern Pike. : ais 40 On an occasion some five years ago on Bev- | bce ans lake, Argentueil county, I shot a mallard, — bringing it down to the water, when one of — these pike with jaws like an alligator, swallow- ed the duck as a mere mouthful. The Great Northern pike grows to be a large fish as. fresh water fishes go. Mr. Angus McIntosh, the well known fisherman of Montreal, and I, saw one of these pike that was at least six, ome feet long, and though we were out fishing, we pulled up our lines, as we had not tackle for such as that. My good wife while trolling — at there, caught one weighing 2814 lbs. which she killed with the assistance of a neighboring - farmer, who used a hay-fork on the fish, when BY it ran into the shallow water. 2 ae You had a discussion some time ago, as. +4 to whether a_pike is a pickerel, a pickerel a dore, and a dore a pike, etc. Nowadoreisa — pickerel, by the statutes of Quebec, but, itis” Ee not a pike, as the dore has one more back fin than either o ee others. Pike to me is solely - the G. N. Pi The smaller light colored, or- wall-eyed nike is what is known all een, We: North America as the pickerel which in the St. Lawrence, and its aflluent rivers, i ‘ Igig a9 } my 5 Aa ’ I ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1317 - MACDONALD'S © In varying forms for differ- ing tastes, Macdonald's Tobacco is as much a part of life out-of-doors as it is in the club and on the farm. As an appreciative smoker you will finda grateful sense of comfort and satisfaction in “the Tobacco with a Heart.” Reet J ae : f de 1318 the wateis in the United States. The real G. N. Pike is as dark in color as the black bass, has black eyes, and is found up north, in the lakes, with the companionship of se gray and speckled brook trout. The G. N. pike is thicker in the back and flesh than ne pick- erel, the meat being firm, of excellent flavor and equal to anything of fish kind, other than trout. In some of the lakes where both G. N. and wall-eyed are found, hybrids are caught, that may be dark on one side and light on the other, or have one walleye and one black, or with light and dark patches all over, like a holstein cow. The fins of the G. N. pike are as pink as those of a mullet. Salmon in the *60s of up to 50 lbs. were common in the Chaudiere Nicolet, St. Francis, Richelieu and other rivers. They were gen- erally taken by spearing or trapped. Salmon Creek near Richmond, Quebec, was noted for its big salmon, but none are to be found now, in these streams. The advent of the big saw mills, towns, sewage, and chemicals from the pulp mulls and factories on the banks of the streams, finished the salmon, and not the fishing that was done. The gray trout is another fine fish to be had in all the large lakes of this region, of good size, up to over 20 lbs. The largest that I had, was 22% lbs. caught in a lake near the Rouge river. The flesh is a beautiful pink, and 1s much esteemed. Sometimes we boys got more than fish when fishing. In ’65 I was out spearing with J. Stevens on the St. Francis, with pine knots on an iron jack for a light. On entering the mouth of the brook at Trenholmville, Stevens with the spear at the front of the boat, said ‘Stop! there is a log here.”’ I replied, ‘“There was no log there, when I brought the boat out.” Stevens put the spear down to hold the boat off the supposed log. When he touched that LOG it humped under the punt, and dumped us both into the water, together with the light, spear, paddle, ete. Oh! but it was cold getting home that night in May. \ few days after, Mr. Sam Wright caught the fish with hook, and worm for bait. It was a sturgeon and weighed 92 Ibs. Some fish! ! There is good bass fishing now in many of the lakes in the and the best time is early in June or in October with the Laurentians, fly for those of a couple of pounds, or trolling for the big ones. Bass apparently grow about a pound a year, as is determined by the fact that fry were put in Bark lake in 1914, and the largest caught each year in that district ROD AND GUN IN CANADA has shown that growth, and in1920the largest caught weighed 6 lbs. Partridges, thanks largely to the yeatneee j tions, in the taking and sale, are recovering from the hoggish hunting of the past many ; . vears. Also they were badly killed off in this province in January of 1917, by a heavy -: thaw, followed by a hard frost, by which, — the birds under.the snow, were smothered or» starved, and many of those above were frozen. — The weather the last two years has been very _ : favorable and they are multiplying rapidly. As the young partridges are but half grown bk by the end of September, it would he well if 4 hunting them for that month were prohibited. To a man up in years, it is great sport to go into the woods in October, when the cool & days come, with your dog for a companion, — and roam through the bush getting a ‘part- = ridge once in a while and seeing the thingey of the great out doors. I have a fifteen pound smooth hair fox ter- _ Ea rier, that is my favorite, and O.K. for part- ridge. Being small, the birds are not scared, nor do they fly away far, and sometimes tree ee right over the dog, which saves much weary — walking. With regard to the open season, | am of | opinion, that to offset the powerful weapons of the present day, as well as the destruction — of the cover of the forest, by the lumbermen, _ or for the pulpmills, we should give the game more show, or they wil! follow the wild pigeon — Jig and the dodo. * "A As the meat of moose, caribou, and dock 2: 7 spoils in a few hours in the hot days of Sep- tember, that month should be taken out of the 4 open season, as well as for the partridges. aS 4 Only permit the hunting of big game in — October and November. Chasing with dogs * should be prohibited. Only males having — horns to be killed, or transported by railway, | express or boat under penalty. Killing at Ye oe the camps in the back woods by lumbermen; ag when yarded, for the meat, should be stopped, and infraction of this, severely punished. — The females to be strictly preserved, to re- stock the bush and rocky uplands they fre~ ; quent, most of which lund is useless for any — > other purpose. The establishment of a wey moderate season bag limit would help some 3a! too. e570 I can assure your readers, that from ee Soo down to Nova Scotia, there is no section — better for the Individual sportsman bie “ hunting, than northern Quebec and sh 4 Laurentians, Let them go up any of iby, valleys of Riviere du Notds-. Rouge ROD AND GUN IN CANADA Better Patterns _so necessary for good shooting whether at the traps or in the field—are the result of the uniform pressure which gives high- er velocity to the shot pellets driven by SMOKELESS SHOTGUN POWDERS ‘‘The proof — is in the shooting”’ E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc. Sales Department Rifle and Shotgun Powders Division WILMINGTON, DELAWARE 1319 RE AE OAS Better Pattern Cleaner Burning Uniform Waterproof Higher Velocity Less Pressure It is a fact that — tests on hundreds of thou- sands of shells loaded with all makes of powder show an average of 6% better pattern for “Du Pont.” You know why more than 7 out of every 10 shooters use Du Pont. 1320 Leivre, Gatineau, or other streams flowing into the Ottawa, where he will find game enough to be interesting, have a good time, - and see some of the most beautiful scenery in eastern Canada. In mostly every township there are to be found fairly comfortable “thotels,’’ where satisfactory meals and lodg- Re “Prairie Chicken of Canada West” by Mr. Evans in January’s Rod and Gun should like to draw your attention to a few remarks from my point of view. Being a resident of Manitoba for the past thrity- six years; a life-long lover of our feathered game and taking a very keen interest in everything pertaining to same, in my estima- tion, what is claimed by socalled sport authori- ties, ‘Game Guardians,” that the chicken, grouse, etc., are on the increase, is quite correct and in order. I also cover a large amount of territory but not in an auto. Undoubtedly these birds have reasons for keeping out of sight, when autos are in the vicinity. Some individuals violate the law by carrying loaded guns in their car, shooting out of season and on Sunday. There certainly is too much of this going on especially by the owners of these vehicles. Not only do they violate the laws of our province but also the laws of God. Under the existing conditions one cannot but wonder why they do increase. First, there is this outlaw with his gas waggon, who shoots out of season any old time, Sunday being more favorable for many. He says to himself, “I might as well get them as the crow or wolf.” In my opinion, he is in the same class. My friend calls him, “The selfish sportsman.” That is classing him very mildly. He is the most fiendish in my estimation and has my deepest sympathy be- ing born that way,—the poor mortal. Second, nests are robbed by the great enemy, the crow. I know for a fact that these birds destroy not only eggs from the all our feathered friends ex- chicken, but ROD AND GUN IN CANADA _ Se ee ings, are to be had, at reasonable rates. The citizens of Montreal seem to be the only people — that know its attractions, and it is become B| quite a summer resort, and a place to go for cf “IF tae Bs week end trips. The G..G. N. Ry. and Cc P. R. trains give good service to reach these localities. cepting those capable of protecting them- selves. Third, cold wet weather when the birds are : nesting and after the young are hatched and forest fires, wood tick, etc., also play a big 3 a part. Fourth, new land being put into cultivation during nesting season, which of course, cannot __ be avoided, plays havoc with the wild game. I do not blame the Indian as I believe him to be a better sportsman of a finer calibre and would not stoop to classify him with the — individual with the flivver. ine I am firmly convinced that our game birds. ee are on the increase, thanks to the laws. The. reports which I have read from different parts of the province go to show that they aS are very plentiful in many districts. I would — suggest that there the season be keptclosed, __ and there is no reason, to my knowledge, t to. lead anyone to believe there will be an ope “sf season for these birds. The law states that — it is closed indefinitely, unless the leuislabonaare Roe now in session will make an amendmaais to. ive open the season. reine I will take the liberty to make a few sug- Mh gestions as follows—that the provincial > ~government place a bounty on crows; that es ths various localities form crow clubs; that a law © eae 3 governing the limit of birds andchickensbe made more reasonable. Make the penalty — ~e & for violating this law very severe as the big | iz fellow can pay a fine with impunity, a ay Hoping this will find space in Rod andGun, 2 I remain, zy A friend of feathered game” “and ae a lover of clean sport. 7 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1321 ECAUSE of their faultless per- formance under conditions high- ly trying to ordinary firearms, because their dependability is proverbial, Savage Rifles areincluded in theequip- ment of the third Asiatic Expedition. ‘Savage Rifles and Firearms have been “the right arm” of many of the important scientific and explorative Expeditions of recent years. SAVAGE ARMS CORPORATION THIICAL IN: Y. Executive and Export Offices: 50 Church St., New York ROY CHAPMAN ANDREWS 08 his pony ‘‘Kublai Khan’”’ with a Mongol Antelope, The Savage .250-3000 rifle did splendid work on the Mon- golian plains where we seldom shot at less than 300 yards. I killed several running antelope at 450 yards and found that the great killing power of the Savage rojectile made at an ideal for this type of a Will Organize Ontario Game Association to remedy the lack of provincial organ- * ization was evidenced at thé rousing eonvention held in Toronto on Wednesday February 16th. For years, the legislature has enacted fish and game legislation without the voice of the sportsman being heard owing to the lack of organization in the province. For a number of years the Essex Wild Life Conservation Association was the only body of any size that made its strength felt in the best interests of conservation in the province. Last year saw the birth of that lusty lunged youngster the Northern Ont- ario Outfitters’ and Guides’ Association which has grown to man size proportions in a short time. In January, thehunters to the immed- iate north of Toronto felt the need of organ- ization and at the call of G. G. Green of Bradford, held a splendid convention and formed the County of Simcoe Hunters and Game Protective Association. In order to fully present the claims of all the hunters of the province, Mr. J. S. McDowell of Mid- land, secretary-treasurer of this newly formed association, circularized all of the hunting parties in Ontario, totalling over four hundred, calling for a conference in Toronto on Wednesday, February 23rd. The splendid response to this appeal to the sportsmen of the province was shown by the delegates from the various clubs that attended the meeting and the large number of letters of regrets that were sent from the various clubs. The morning session, which was held in the King Edward Hotel, was given over to discussion of the various amend- ments to the game act and suggested changes to be recommended. At noon the delegates waited in a body on the Hon. Harry Mills, Minister of Game and Fisheries. Speakers appointed to press the recommendations of the conference which are as follows: Te AT the sportsmen of Ontario are soon were Game Conference. 1. That section 13a of the Ontario Game Laws forbidding the killing of deer in the water be eliminated. 2. That each hunting party be allowed to pat venison while in theic camp in addition to the deer they are allowed to take home by license, 3. That some action be taken to protect the game of the province by prohibiting -the carrying of firearms in the districts of Musko- ka, Parry Sound and all territory north during the*closed season; and that notices _ to this effect be displayed prominently. 4. That the following animals, bear, ‘fox . weasel, skunk, and lynx, be taken from the ee list of fur bearing animals. 3 5. That the open season for deer south of ee the main line of the Canadian Pacific Rail- way be from November 1 to 15th inclusive and that the open searon in any other part 1 of the province be restricted to fifteen days. | 6. That the hunters in convention unan- | imously request that the section of the act relating to the hunting of deer with hounds — be not changed. 7. That sale of all game be prohibited. The feeling of the convention regarding - 3164 the necessity for the legislation mentioned _ TS was very strong and with the exception of | the sixth clause, passed with very little dis- — = is cussion. The bone of contention between — x the two schools of still hunters and dog — hunters had to come to the front and although _ the still hunters were so much in the minority that only one delegate spoke in favor of the yy abolition of the hounds in deer hunting in ~ Ontario, still the argument pro and con assumed considerable proportions at times. _ The Minister of Game and Fisheries gave | an attentive hearing to the deputation and promised consideration of the various requests. smu Hy Game. Conference. In the afternoon the conference met at Ke three o'clock and unamimously decided to : form a provincial association for the better~ bs rig ment of conditions for the game, and for the hunter. Various speakers pointed out the ae need for a permanent organization to present — 2 the claims of the sportsmen to the legislature” » g and to safeguard the game generally through- 2 a out the province. It was resolved to form me ‘3 . association that would be composed of all rs clubs and associations in the province and 4 to allow individual memberships where there was no unit organization, The temporary Te 3 officers to look after the preliminary develop- ‘'s ment of the association are as follows:— _ ae President, Digby Horrell, Midland; 1st vice- 1 president, W. C. Davey, Bradford; 2nd vice- ae president, Alfred French, Elmvale; see -treas- ae urer, J.S. MeDowell, Midland; committee:—_ Le Dr. Irwin, Bifidsay; J. E., A. Fitzgerald, a 4 4 Ys d ¢ Peterboro; Sam Charlton, Lakefield; Robert — fe MecCamus, Keene; Fred. Bales, Oshawa; Aubrey Davis, Newmarket; ‘A. B. Savage, tichmond Hill; Wm. Pears, West Toronto; ROD AND GUN IN CANADA FREE TO MEN Manly Vigsor—Something New _ Here is a little free pocket compendium in book form, illustrated with 40 half-tone photo reproductions, and contain- ing 8,000 words of easy advice on private matters which I gladly send to any man anywhere in the world absolutely free of charge, and enclosed in a perfectly plain, sealed envelope, so it is received by you like an ordinary private letter. I take all this special precaution in sending my free book because, where the health is concerned, and especially with reference to de- bility and nerve weaknesses, people everywhere prefer to keep the matter entirely to themselves. For this reason I seal the envelope and prepay full letter postage. I have thus mailed over a million of the books to men all over the world who requested them. You, reader, will like this little book immensely, and can #rasp the full meaning of its special advice from one or two careful readings. It contains a great deal of heretofore un- published information of interest to all men, young or elderly, single or married, and may easily be of value to you through- out your entire lifetime. : In one part of the book I describe my little mechanical VITALIZER, which was invented by me to assist men to regain lost vigor. However, you are not to think of getting this VITALIZER at the present time, but first send for the advice book and read up on the subject of self-preservation without drugs. Please use the coupon below and the book will come to you free, sealed, by return mail. SANDEN, Publisher. Reader, did you ever stop to consider that it is not looks which make the real man? Nor is it necessarily a large man who wields the most power in his community. However, | he Manly Men Are Always in the Game. whether big or small, young or elderly, we invariably find that vigorous, manly manhood stands behind all of the world’s greatest achievements and successes. In this respect, I give it as my honest opinion, based upon over 30 years’ experience, that no man need lose hope of himself restoring his full manly power, if he but be willing to make a fair, square effort, and will lead a decent, manly life, free from excesses and free from dissipations. My free book gives you all the desired information. According to my belief, lost manly strength is no real organic disease in itself, and, for that reason, should easily respond to any mode of treatment which puts new vital force into the weakened nerves and blood. _ The little VITALIZER mentioned above was de- signed by me to render natural aid to the man who really WANTS to get strong, and who is willing to make a reasonable effort to regain his manly vigor. To the man who persists in living an unnatural life of excess and dissipation, no hope can be offered, but for the other kind there is every hope and encouragement, because in regulating his habits he has taken the first grand and necessary step, which prepares the way for the action of any natural treatment whivh may resupply his body with the FORCE which it has been drained of. | With respect to my VITALIZER, you simply buckle it on your body when you go to bed. Thus, while you sleep, it sends a great, mysterious power (which I call VIGOR) into your blood, nerves, organs and muscles while you aes Men have said it takes pain or weakness out of the back from one application; that 60 to 90 days’ use is sufficient to restore normal, manly strength. With special attachments, which carry the FORCE to any parts of the body, my VITALIZER is used by women as well as men, for rheumatism, kidney, liver, stomach, bladder disorders, etc., and I havehadsome most remarkable testimony. in respect to its almost miraculous effects in individual cases, where every known treatment had failed. Therefore, first get the free book -of general advice to men, which also describes my VITALIZER. Then if in the future you feel you would like to use one of these little appliances in your own case, I will make some special proposition whereby you may have one to wear. If you happen to live in or near this city, I would be pleased to have you call. Otherwise, just use the coupon and get the free book by return mail. Office hours. 9 to 6. BOOK, 8,000 WORDS. FREE Remember, I will send you, as stated above, my little book pocket compendium, containing 40 illustrations and 8,000 words of private advice free, sealed, by mail. ; : . This book is meant to point out to men certan errors which are being committed all over the world to-day by those who do not realize the harm resulting. | I have learned from vears upon years of experience. It gives, in a condensed form, and in easy Z It deals with vigor and manly power as against weakness and language, the truths that debility. One part of the book describes mv little VITALIZER s0 all information is complete in this one volume. Please write or call to-day. Satisfaction guaranteed in every case. sealed R. G SANDEN CO., 140 Yonge St., Toronto, Ont. Dear Sirs—Please forward me vour Book as advertised, free, Address... . . 1324 Dr. Walters, East Toronto; F. G. Martin, Chas. Graham, Daniel Lockhart, C. B. Hend- erson, Rev. J. H. Oke, John Sidore, Toronto; Rev. J. D. Kitzpatrick, Brantford; M. McKib- bon, Milton; Robert W. Simpson, Hamilton; Gordon Marr, Woodstock; Jas. Bradley, R. R. 1, Stratford; H. Occomore, J. P. Gow, Guelph; Dr. Armstrong, Parry Sound; E. H. Kelcey, Loring; A. Patterson, Searboro; Dr. J.-D. Hammill, Meaford: M. Mathenay, Thornbury. The committee which waited on the Fish and Game committee of the legislature con- sisted of Dr. N. A. Powell, Aubrey Davis and William Pears. The above provisional executive will organize the province and call for a general convention to be held within the next few months when the future of the association will be decided. it is hoped that all lovers of true sport resident in Ontario will put forth their best efforts to attend the conven- tion when the permanent association will be formed. Game Conference. Those in attendance at the Toronto meet- ing with the clubs they represented were — Geo. Kidd, Inglewood, Hunt Club. W. F. R. Stubb, Caledon, Hunt Club. R. J. Stodden, Peterboro, Green Island Hunt. Ed. Dutton, Midland, Dutton Hunt. Frank Hill, Toronto, Hillcrest Hunt. Hilton Brumwell, Highland Creek, Ont. R.R.1. R. A.’ McCowan, Scarboro P.O. Ont. J. C. Moorish, Highland Creek P.O. Highland Hunt. D. Walton, 47 Simpson Ave., Vermont Hunt. Aubrey Davis, Newmarket, Ont., Horse Shoe Hunt. PO A PEAR MEO Bs f , aa aad . _- . ° <4 f poy ROD AND GUN IN CANADA ra W. H. Eves, Newmarket Ont., Bradford Hunt Club. “hee F. G. Martin, 159 Macdonald Ave. Bully-0 z Hunt. ae A G. W. Boadway, 190 Sorauren Ave., Parkdale 24 Hunt. C. B. Graham, 129 Sorauren Ave., Parkdale Hunt. as J. G. Biggart, 64 Dovercourt Rd. ee Parks ).22 Hunt. a ee Wm. Pratt, Richmond Hill, Rod and Gun. A. G. Savage, Richmond Hill, Rod and Gun. G. W. Knowles. Sam Harris, Essex County Wild Life. Dr. N. H. Powell, Orillia, Red Tam, Wesley Proctor, Schomberg. Hector Hart, Hart Club. Thos. Ellison, Schomberg. H. Wallwin, M.D., Barrie, Spion Kop. J. T. Thomas, M.D., Caledon, Hunt Club. D. Howell, Midland Hunt. W. C. Davey, Bradford, Hunt. t Liberty Hunt Club \ R. E. Tindall, Bradford Hunt. A. Heuily, Bradford Hunt. F, Switser, Barrie Hunt. W. R. Walters, Toronto Hunt. B V. A. Hart, Barrie Hunt. he. A. M. Heron. D. A. Lochrie, Toronto Hunt. W. A. Bishop, Secretary Midland. Geo G. Green, Secretary Bradford. A. Saint, Secretary Bradford. A. Nuiley, secretary Bradford. F. Collings, secretary Bradford. Barrie Hunt Club. J. Brandon Secretary, 94 Dawes Rd. Toronto. Barrie Hunt Club. W. Pears, Secretary. - ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1325 NORTHERN ONTARIO A Vast New Land of Promise This vast new land of promise is one degrée South of Winnipeg, and is big enough to include the six New Engiand and four Middle States of the American Union. Aside from its immense resources in arcane waterpower, fish, game and scenery, NORTHERN ONTARIO contains millions of acres of fertile, arable land fit for mixed farming which may be had by re- turned soldiers and sailors in 160 acre blocks free; to others, 18 years and over, 50 cents per acre. Already there are thousands of miles of colonization roads and steam railways spreading like a spider’s web peat a huge part of that immense forest-robed territory. For free descriptive literature, write HON. MANNING DOHERTY, Z H. A. MacDONELL, Minister of Agriculture Director of Colonization, Parliament Bldgs., TORONTO, CANADA | 591 STRAIGHT RUN 591 Fred Gilbert and The Parker Single Barrel Trap Gun Make the World’s Record in Competition 591 WITHOUT A MISS - - 591 Eventually you will shoot the PARKER. Why not now? Send for catalogue and free booklet about 20 bore guns. PARKER BROS. ¢u1'sisies Meriden, Conn, U.S.A. New York Salesrooms: 25 Murray St, A. W. Sacetpes Pacific Coast Agent, P. O. Box 102, San Francisco A Tale of Other Days A. B. WICKWARE HE hot august sun was reflected in long T shimmering waves of heat from the placid surface of the lake. The air was filled with the droning of flies and bees, the former bent upon destruction and the latter harvesting and husbanding the sweets of . nature as they flew from flower to flower. The birds seemed to be holding silent com- mune except for the occasional hoarse caw of a querulous crow or the raucous cry of a crane winging his way from shore to shore. The shoreline of marsh grass, interspersed here and there with flags, cat tails and brack- en, insinuated itself between the woods above amd the shadows below. The trees, silhouet- ted as by some magical wand in the mirrored depths of the water, assumed weird and gro- tesque shapes. Truly the proverbial dog- days were at hand and all nature seemed drowsy or asleep. No! Not all asleep, for within a small sequestered bay, idling about amongst the pond lilies which grew in wild profusion, floated a giant turtle. Each day, it was his wont to lurk just upon or beneath the surface in wait for minnows, frogs or marine insects which chanced to pass that way. testing quietly and serenely, he seemed oblivious to all around, until the creeking of an oar or the sound of a human voice awoke in him an alertness little suspected in so sluggish a creature. Then noiselessly, and without apparent effort, he would sink be- neath the surface, leaving only a few bubbles to mark the path of his stealthy and silent departure. For days the minnows had been scarce, hav- ing swum away from the usual shallows to the cooler waters of the deep holes. The piping frogs had migrated to the protecting shade of the swales and dewy meadows, and the amphibious turtle had suddenly awakened to find an empty larder and an insatiable appetite which no amount of hunting could appease. He no longer remained idle, basking in the sun or enjoying the shade of the pond lilies, but foraged far and wide in search of food, This was his first summer in the little bay, his earlier years having been spent in an ad- jacent creck which widened out until lost in the broad waters of the lake. His home had heen beneath the driftwood and sunken logs was like a dream and her poignant grief | recently swept away ne the spring real In coming to his present abode, he ha wittingly entered the sanctuary of Anas, | little blue-winged teal, who for three | seasons — had held undisputed sway with her mate ¢ © the small marginal water. é There she had reared her little famil peace and security and with three uneve! seasons as a precedent, had again built | nest on a small willow covered bog, safe fr marauding foxes and predaceous rodents. — When her eggs, deposited with so much in a natural nest formed by the willow had chipped and released their preciou dens, her heart had been overflowing with j joy and gladness. ‘Together, she and her consor { foraged for the daily bread, first one and ne . the other assuming charge of their downy | s progeny. When any danger seemed immin ent, from hovering hawks, their warning n would send the little ones scurrying to co while their own subtle efforts of feigned ii would divert attention to themselves, But misfortune had descended with U ‘§ suddenness of an avalanche, and one by. 1 the little ones had disappeared by some fathomable and mysterious means. Va they had tried to shield them by all tl herited instinct of long generations, and ha ig failed, they left their ageuSte a haunts: pa 7a wander at will. . yea > During the weeks that follawad: they deavoured to forget their sorrows— in fre scenes amongst others of their own Sree sa Bs So they played and sported until one day her — ee mate fell prey to the gun of a ruthless mipeeats ae hunter shooting out of season. oiler oH Now she was alone, and with that mate rn instinct which i§ inherent in every mother’s ua breast, her thoughts reverted to the scenes a ; of her former quiet and hallowed life, — ure ely. Bs td she would find comfort, solace and_ safety. Baa within the confines of the little bay. Phe it memory of her earlier struggles and dang gers been mellowed by time. Swinging lightly into the air, she took wing one evening for her old feeding age a hap she thought the memories of oth would sustain and help her to forget hi rows, Hercules Accuracy In the Woods ‘’That big buck was going likea streak through the thick brush, when—all of a sudden—I got a glimpse of him and planted a bullet squarely through his shoulders. He dropped like a ton of bricks. If it had landed almost any other place, I surely would have lost old ‘Big-Foot’ in the heavy laurel thicket. “T’]] tell you fellows, Hercules Powder is a regular nail driver for accuracy.” HERCULES POWDER, co. eke 909 King Street Wilmington Delaware 1328 At sunset, she descried the old familiar trees which seemed to beckon her with wel- coming hands. In long graceful sweeps she circled the little bay drinking in the dank evening air and feasting her eyes on the land- marks so dear to her. Occasionally the spell made her forget the past, and she uttered soft quacks as if in expectation of an answering call from her mate. But, alas! only the echoes broke the stillness of the air, and at last, tired and weary, in a long graceful slide, with outstretched wings, she settled into the waters of her beloved paradise. Picking here and there some widgeon grass or wild rice, or diving for some choice aquatic cress, she seemed content and happy as she chortled to herself. It is a wise ordination that keeps us in ignorance of impending calamities, as other- wise the clouds of despondency might com-~ pletely engulf us and crush out all our hopes. Reconciled to the events of the past, little Anas seemed perfectly content amid the en- vironments of earlier days. She swam and dived and flapped her wings in the excess of her happiness at being back. Then having fed to repletion, she scrambled up a mud bank to preen her pretty feathers and rest her tired body. But like all wise ducks, she slept fitfully, and ever and anon she raised her tiny head to listen and to see. Suddenly, from out the golden glow of a radiant west, appeared a little speck of black. Nearer and nearer it approached until the wedge-shaped flying formation presaged a moving flock of ducks on their way to distant feeding grounds. The swish, swish of their wings caught the ear of little Anas and in- - voluntarily her voice was raised in a note of welcome. The response was heralded by a rapid change of flight, and after*a few verbal exchanges, the flock, evidently satisfied that here was feed and safety, lightly settled down in the outer waters of the bay and commenced - swimming shoreward. Little Anas, with true woodland hospitality, strengthened by her sense of loneliness, hasten- ed to meet her new found friends and in an lesshys 3 FS ~ a silent prayer, the waters closed over ner ROD AND GUN IN CANADA - . Sa 24 a tattoo upon the water as she eee to fre herself from some unseen foe. It was the old enemy and desecrator of happy home, the giant turtle. Rendered savage by the gnawing pangs of hunger, and with days of fasting adding to-his bitterness, i he had lain in anxious wait for such a chance. et Ordinarily, his cowardly nature would have made him shrink from contact with an adult bird, but now he held on grimly and Temorse- had quickly closed together and then witlee La. hurried beating of wings, had taken flight. Left alone with her foe, the little duck fought valiantly to release herself from. the has mysterious force which was slowly pulling her beneath the surface. Convulsively she struggled with a desperation borne of despair. At moments the conflict seemed toswayinher favour and then suddenly her advantage would — oe be lost. But according to the inexorable, but — Be frequently unjust law of fate, the unequal 4 yi struggle could only have one end and slowi but surely the superior weight of the turtle Et 4 commenced to tell. Her efforts became more spaiandi “her first loud distressing quacks gave way to. : laboured breathing punctuated by a sup- pressed moaning and finally as if in answer to a ia head, leaving only a little ripple to tell of the s tragedy. oh A few weeks later, on a warm meme : morn, the turtle, grown careless by a life of leisure free from molestation, floated as of yore upon the surface of the bay. Noiselessly, ——SeSoo— ; = < When planning the supplies for Camp or Cottage, remember KLIM. The food supply is one of the most important problems of the Camp or Cottage, and with KLIM on the list you are assured of wholesome and appetizing,meals. KLIM is always ready for use, takes but little space and will not sour or spoil—Order it from your Grocer in 10 pound : tins—A_ten pound tin i R o will make fort art : eae S of pure, sweet epparated pis ts, In ee ic ae milk—Order plenty. : E 3 Wry. fe Zor ALL uses sree CH MIL ; 1334 waist, ascertained the exact nature of the wound, then washed it and from his pocket drew a small bottle of oil with which he succeeded in stopping promptly the flow of blood the loss of which had evidently caused Carl to faint. Soon he had re- gained consciousness with the aid of a stimulant the guide also carried, and together the guide and I made a litter and at length got Carl back to camp where we dressed his wounds and soon had him resting comfortably and he said he felt all right, only a little weak from loss of blood. I questioned the guide as to what he had used to stop the blood flow and he said it was made from Canada fleabane, the common names of which are horse- weed, colt’s tail, scabious, prideweed, butter weed, fireweed, blood-stanch, cow’s tail, and bitter weed, being names applied to it in different lo- calities. I was greatly impressed with the efficiency of this remedy and recommend it to the attention of brother sportsmen in cases of emer- gency. The scientific term for it is “‘Leptilon canadense’” (L) Britton. This weed is common in damp, sandy soils in fields and waste places and along roadsides in many parts of Canada. It is an annual weed be- longing to the aster family (Astera- ceae.) I afterward looked it up and read about it, and on one or two occasions after the hunt on Van- couver Island I had use for it, but that constitutes another story. At any rate I became convinced of its value in emergencies and I took a real liking to it. The stem, which is bristly-hairy, or sometimes smooth, varies greatly in height, according to the soil, being sometimes only three inches high, and in favorable soil often reaching a height of ten feet. The larger plants are branched near the top. The leaves are usually somewhat hairy, those scattered along the stem being rather narrow, with unbroken margins, and the lower ones slightly toothed. From June to November numerous heads of small inconspicuous white flowers are produced, followed by an abundance “ of seed. The entire herd is medicinal. ROD AND GUN IN CANADA of the I learned, and should be gathered during the flowering period and care-- fully dried. It has a faint, agreeable __ odor and a somewhat astringent and bitter taste. The fresh herb on dis. tillation yields a volatile oil whichis sold as oil of fleabane. The common ~ name “blood stanch’’ will indicate to the reader the value of this plant for arresting hemorrhages from various _— sources and the bleeding of wounds. — I learned also that it is useful in ~ diarrhoea and dropsy. I make this — | somewhat detailed description of¢his — plant thinking possibly some wander- _ ing brother sportsman may some day have need for it. 3 After a few days Carl was all right again, the wound proving to be of a © less serious nature than I at first thought and under the artful care ide he was soon able to resume his hunting, though some few”, — days elapsed until the wound en- tirely healed- and the soreness left. I afterward asked him how it happened and he said he was stalking a goose and in the dim light of the early morning was attempting to climb the fallen tree, as I had ima- gined, gun cocked, preparatory to dropping the goose as soon as it waS flushed, when he had tripped and fallen sprawling to the ground. In + a) the fall the gun went off and shot him through the right side, near the arm pit, he having the gun on his right shoulder as he started to climb over” the tree trunk. However itwasonly = a flesh wound luckily, very luckily for had the shot struck him squarely in the side it would have been “Good Night!” Within a few days he was_ quite himself again and as jolly and — goose hungry as ever. Talk about sport! tainly have it on Vancouver Island — with a good fellow like Carl and a — good guide like Borden for company. — We lived the ee life there and for — myself I would have been perfectly — willing to have kept on living it right there. But Lhad a pesky old job wait- ing for me back in the States that [ couldn’t very well get rid of—without starving to death—so when the month was up, we reluctantly bade the — lovable old Island a fond farewell and — “2 J ? You can cer- | ¥ *) ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1335 Go light—but go in COMFORT Kenwood Sleeping Bags and Camping Blankets help solve the problem. Woven of soft, fleecy Forest Green or Grey wool, without buttons, buckles, snaps or lacings, Kenwood Sleeping Bags are warm, convenient and LIGHT IN WEIGHT. A Kenwood Sleeping Bag with waterproof canvas cover (Tent and Bed in one) weighs only 10 pounds May be obtained in Canada of T. W. BOYD & SONS, Montreal, Que. JAMES WALKER, Montreal, Que. G. M. HOLBROOK, Ottawa, Ont. F. A. DUNK, Fort Quappelle, Sask. Kenwood Camping Blankets _of the same all wool, soft, serviceable fabric, 68” x 84”, weight 41%, 5% and 61% pounds. Your choice of colors—Forest Green or Grey. “Outdoor Comfort” booklet free on request. Department A Arnprior, Ontario Kenwood Mills, Albany, N. Y. Go Fishing Without Rowing ae good-bye to oars and paddles, aching back and blistered hands this summer. to the stern of your rowboat. Only takes a jiffy. Then you can motor to those far-off fishing grounds at 10 miles an hour without a lick of work. The Caille Five- Speed Motor provides five speeds—high speed forward, trolling speed, neutral and two reverse speeds. Ideal for fishing. It starts with a starter—no cranking. Has magneto 2 built into flywheel, or bat- tery ignition. Water- cooled muffler on exhaust. Finest motor of its kind ever produced. Our beau- tiful catalog shows this and other types at prices to fit any purse. Send for a copy. Dealers: Send for our attractive proposi- tion. Some excellent territory still open. Write today. We also build launch motors from 2% to 20H. P. Ask for special literature. The Caille Perfection Motor Company 104 Caille Bldg., Detroit, Mich. 1336 : trekked it back home, bringing with us many happy memories that we shall never forget. Even Carl, in spite of his mishap, was reluctant to leave the Island, and we made it up then and there to try it again on Vancouver Island sometime in the near future. However, the years have slipped by and I have not been able to join him in the numerous trips he / Lee Boards for a Sailing Canoe — a 3 RoBERT PAGE LINCOLN F one has never used a sail on a canoe he has missed one of the most enjoyable features of that form of water-cruising. Probably many do not make use of this fea- ture, held back by the belief that the canoe under sail and in a brisk wind will capsize, and that is true in many cases if some means <—_—_—_—_—_—_ 3h’ Fig I. ee ee Fig. I. db are not used whereby the canoe can be steadied and made more reliable in holding its own. Just here is where a pair of lee-boards come in fine and the knowledge of how to make them should appeal to every canoe owner. These may be taken apart and put away in the outfit when extended trips are made, for in- stance into the wilds of Canada. Or they may be used in home waters as one sees fit. They are light and do not take up a great deal of, room. The wood to be used for lee-boards must be able to stand prolonged immersion without cracking and warping. Of materials experi- mented with, mahogany will be found to be the best to be had. Procure a piece that is seven eighths of an inch thick, nine inches wide and seven feet long. When this board is sawed in two it will give you two pieces, each three and one half feet in length which is the approximate length of each lee-board. ROD AND GUN IN CANADA has made there. But I hear the ~~ shooting is still good and I bide the —_— time when I can take another vaca- © tion on the Island amid pleasant scenes and in close proximity to an abund- ance of Canadian wild-water-fowl. e Fellow sportsmen, when you hunt | the wild geese and ducks of old a Canada you engage in a sport fit for > =a kings. am A / The board is now marked out and cut in the shape shown in Figure 1. In the small end is the handle which is two inches wide and four inches long up to the point where it — broadens up into the wide part. The wide part is about eight and one half inches through- out. Mark the piece and cut it out with a key-hole saw. When you have one piece ready then mark out and cut out the second — piece. The piece is permitted to be seven anes ; inch thick in the handle end but from that point down to the other end it is tapered, both — sides being planed. Inthebigenditmaybe one fourth of aninch thick; eventhinnerthan that will not be harmful. A little thicker than a straight taper along the middle will prove more satisfactory than a straight taper. a The boards when finished as to planing and sand- papering should be oiled several times and then given a coat of spar varnish of a good grade. It will now be necessary to obtain two flag- - pole sockets, the sockets being one and one half inches across on the inside. Sockets of — this sort coming in a brass material are most desirable. Arrange one on each lee-board as shown in Figure 11, just forward of where the — 4 sweep begins. A round oak piece one and — one half-inches through is now obtained. Lay ney ts * oe ee ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1337 Read the gripping, thrilling tales of adventure told by the men of SCARLET & GOLD —the intrepid riders of the great North-West, whose calm courage and unflinching sense of duty in the face of danger and death made possible their wonderful record of achievement in the maintenance aan Gol quently Voice, Outlaw. A Two Thousand Mile March. Sitting Bull, his life anJ exploits. The Story of the Three Scouts. The Cypress Hill Fight. In the Camp of Big Bear. An Indian Medicine Man. On the Edge of the Barren Land. Baby’s Death Avenged. Expeditions of 1873. The Scarlet Riders’ 47 years of Activity. Where the Trail led., eic., etc. What the Toronto World says: “The many splendid tales of early life in the West make it almost apity that the annual is not produced in book form, that it might be a more permanent record of the force.” GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE, Winnipeg, says: “‘Itishard to realize that the conditions described existed in this western country less than 50 years ago.” OUR BIG OFFER With the 2nd Annual peo 10 x 13 inch pages, illustrated) comes a handsome fully colored Contents of Second Annual A Loyal Halfbreed of ’85. Annual resentation Bite (24 x 18) suitable for COUPON raming, entitled “‘The Arrest’’ by John Innes, Cowan & Brookhouse Price for Second Annual and Plate, $1.50, 1129 Howe St., Vancouver, Canada. popice of the First Annual to be had at'$100 copies 0) e Firs nnual to be had a x sy, 6s ” each. Combination rate, the Two Annuals and Send me post paid: “Scarlet & Gold presentation plate, $2.00. Use the coupon. Second Annual and Plate, $1.50 en- Send your remittance by money order or cash closed . in registered letter. ? : , First and aa Annuals and Plate : ($2.00 enclosed) = Cowan & Brookhouse 1129 Howe Street, Vancouver, Canada Name. ics S054: AGUATESS Sr) clas 1338 this across your canoe to measure it, being sure that at least three inches protrudes on either side. Then, as shown in Figure 111, join the lee boards by means ofthe sockets to the round oak piece adding a screw to hold them firmly in place. Figure 1V shows the next move to make. A piece of squared hardwood (a) one and one half inches fits in from one edge of the canoe to the other to press up against the strips that follow the ROD AND GUN IN CANADA boards in position, down when so desired, or, when one desires to lift them up as one nears. shore, the mere matter of loosening up on the thumbscrews will permit of the boards - being lifted. The wood rod that connects the lee-boards can be made more firm in place by cutting a flat surface to fit the wooden edge of the canoe to prevent turning. The illustration (d) shows what is meant. If the wood rod is perfectly round its tendency to Obtain two pieces of brass rod of the one fourth inch thickness and thread both ends, then bend as shown in the edge of the canoe. inset (b). A brass plate one eighth of an inch thick by three and one half inches long is now obtained. Holes are drilled in this plate to slip over the rod ends as shown in (b).. Suitable thumb-screws are now obtain- ed. They are worked onto the threaded ends and can be tightened up as desired. The pull thus obtained as between the under-piece (a) and the upper lee-board piece keeps the lee- turn will be greater than if partially flat, at least. The sail of the canoe is generally placed in the bow of the canoe. The position that the lee-boards assume is one mid-way between the common centre of the canoe and the bow. If these simple directions are followed one will obtain excellent and satisfactory work, and once one has made use of this steadying contrivance in sailing, he will never be without it. Lee boards take all the danger out of canoe cruising. The Gun Permit Law Editor, Rod and Gun in Canada. Although I am not a subscriber, I am a constant reader of Rod and Gun. I hope soon to be a subscriber to this wonderful magazine which tells about the whole of Canada. I have just read the article telling about the law which has been passed in Canada relative to the carrying and owning of firearms, Although living in the States, it seems to me very foolish to have passed a law like that over the border. It has been my intention to live in Ontario but as long as this unreasonable law exists, I will not make an attempt to live in Canada. A peison hunting in one locality, gets a few miles further in the next district and of = course, must have another permit. By the time he has finished his hunt, he has spent a good deal of time just for permits. Now Canadian sportsmen, do not let a fica like this exist, men of the country to band together in an effort to have this law repealed or suspended, Alex. Muskowski. Detroit, Mich. i #) tsae [ . ? i! > This is a time for the sports- . 7 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1339 — — MUGNRATS ARE HIGH — | Get Busy and Make Money While Times Are Good : We have the T A o Largest Assortment of N in America ———~s . Victor, Oneida Jump, Triumph, Hawley& Norton, Newhouse, Tree, Triple Clutch, Kangaroo, High Grip, Two Trigger, Stop Thief, and other varieties. 92 Different numbers from Which to choose the kind and size that best meets your requirements. Prompt shipment assured. ‘i nas Ne 4 ww VY i WES rH ‘ i ere oe ja ede bedesraned \ OR ieee thes } y KKK xX) x BS Xe \/ RN I mia in Wit WN ie Ne BO UN RIIE SR antats wegen os eK Ls YY) / Hallam’s Paste Muskrat LINEN GILL NETTING by the pound 20% e B alt less than prices in Fall 1920 Catalogue. es ore heels ae he water, 23 with : . eads and floats ready for the water cents ae ees your opie per yard. In ordering, give size of mesh Not affected by snow or rain. qesired, stretched measure. 2ete.s! ———-s eae i $1.00 per tube or 6 tubes for Seines, Dip nets, Trammel nets, Hoop nets, $5.00. Liquid muskrat bait Fyke nets, Sturgeon nets, Pond nets. Give 80c. per bottle postpaid by us. US, your requirements and write for lowest prices. \ > Collapsible i000: $200 per 100" 6 per \ Zz N | =aams Camp Stoves | N Compasses, Shoepacks, Snowshoes, Snowshoe u Harness, Skis, Ski-harness, Packsacks, Phono- , graphs. Community Silverware, Footballs | : ; : N and 1001 other articles all priced and described Climax Black Shells, “Nitro Club” and “Field” | in Hallam’s Catalogue—96 pages, mailed Shells in trap and game loads, at lowest prices. free for the asking—write for yoursto-day. Metallic Cartridges for all makes of rifles. \ \] 974 Hallam Building | Toronto Care of Martens (Published through the courtesy of Commission of Conservation, Ottawa and U.S. Biological Survey). TRAITS: Martens are active, hardy animals which tame readily and make engaging pets. Their fur when prime is thick and soft. FOOD: Wild martens feed largely on rabbits, squirrels, mice, birds, and insects; put in- captivity they relish milk, bread, boiled rice, . cornmeal and graham mush, table refuse, chicken heads, butchers’ scraps, cooked prunes, and other fruits. Large bones with fragments of meat attached are excellent for their teeth. The livers and entrails of small animals designed for martens should be re- moved, as these organs frequently contain parasites. Fresh water should be supplied daily. Care should be taken to give the animals only as much as will be eaten im- mediately, for overfeeding is as injurious as underfeeding. Females with young should always be fed twice a day; others may be fed once or twice a day as may be convenient. PENS: Pens are best located where partially shaded by trees, and where the animals can occasion- ally enjoy asunbath. Each individual must have a pen and a nest box to itself, though after becoming accustomed to captivity and to their quarters it is usually feasible, except while the young are with their mothers, to allow the occupants of several adjoining pens to run together at times by leaving open the connecting doors. This will permit the keep- er to judge the preferences of the animals for one another, and thus aid him in mating them satisfactorily. There is always danger, how- ever, that some one of them will suddenly be- come savage and killacomrade. In any case, each animal should be fed in its own pen. Convenience and economy require that pens be built in a series, which may be either single or double. They should each be at least 6 by 8 feet on the floor and 8 feet high. The floor should be made of rock or cement or 44 inch mesh galvanized sandscreen, covered sand or sandy loam, not clay, to a depth of 3 or 4 inches. The walls and top may be made of 1 inch mesh galvanized wire netting, No. 16 wire or larger. INT OF MODEL FOX RANCH AND CHART. 214 w 30th St. J.P DUFFUS, SILVER FOX STORE New vork,n.v. ; : : : It is pure country milk, with the cream left in. Indispensable to the hunter, fisherman, trapper. Ep eee Buy it by the Dozen. Catch Fish, 3308830 other fur-bearing animals ° 2 3 in large numbers, with the The Bordew Cz Limited New, Folding, Galvanized Steel Wire Trap. It catches them like aden catches flies.~ Made in MONTREAL sizes, ‘ Write for descriptive price list, and free _ booklet on best bait known for attracting all kinds _offish, J. F.Gregory, Dept. 208, Lebanon, Mo. 1342 Biological Survey, stated at the Wild Life Conference held in Montreal, February, 1920, that it has been found exceedingly difficult ROD AND GUN IN CANADA to induce the marten to breed. In captivity apparently the animals will not take sufficient exercise.) Hanging Moose Heads J. N. J. That moose head should arrive from the Pop will feel all © taxidermist about eee swelled up, as he tells Ma and the kids just how he did it, and shows them the good points of the head. He will want it on the wall at once, and he is liable to break his fool neck, when he shoulders the head, and climbs the rickety old step ladder. I have a collection of moose and elk heads (too many for a private house) which recalls pleasures of as long ago as 1890, and as recent as the fall of 1920. When I swing up a new head, or rearrange the old ones, I use an equipment which is to be found in almost every home. The readers may be in- terested. Directions. Set the tang screw or special fastener at the proper height, usually about 30 inches below the ceiling, set an eye screw in the wall near ceiling directly in line with the tang screw. Take a few pulleys off the awnings (you will find them in the attic at this season) and borrow Ma’s clothes line. Now you have the — full equipment. Adjust the tackle and then get Ma or one | of the kids to pull the rope, and when the _ aa. head reaches the proper height, shove it against the tang as intended, and you will find the head is “‘all set.’””, Remove the tackle, but leave the eye screw. If necessary for greater safety, attach a wire to each horn at the burr, and carry wires through the eye © screw, and make fast; tighten the wires by twisting them together, using a large nail for — the purpose. The wire will not be noticeable. The moose’s muzzle will be shee or ten feet from the floor. j You will now walk across the room, and after looking the job over critically say to friend wife—‘‘I don’t altogether like it. It doesn’t look natural; that was a very large moose, and in th€ woods he carried his head some five or six feet higher than that, the ceiling is too low to get the right effect.” The job is now completed. Resents the Gun Permit Law Editor, Rod Anad Gun in Canada. I wish to write to-day for publication in your magazine, a strong protest against the government ’s silly law imposed on the Canad- jan public,—the carrying, as well as possessing of firearms. Of all the laws passed in that have amazed the public, I believe this one is the worst. It is absolute rot, nothing else, and shows what some of our law makers know or care about the masses. If the government is afraid of outside Bolsheviki, it had better be careful not tomake Bolsheviki at home. Why not issue a badge in each province with a number, and register your applicant?, The granting of a license costing a couple of dollars ($2.00) would be a source of revenue for government and province, 50%-50% basis —and the game warden could easily detect those outside the law. For instance, suppos- ing each applicant had to get a special card (reference as to his character) signed by two people who know him and who have a few years’ good standing in his locality. This would eliminate all others than those eligible from securing a license. There are a lot of ways of doing business, but only one straight one, the right one. I hope my brother hunters ‘will fall in line with us and help us to secure better treatment with a pound of common sense. Shawenegan Bay. J. C. Courtney. A Novel Dinner Lou P. Smith, vice-president of the Ithaca Gun Company recently introduced a novelty to his friendsin the form of a “‘fox barbecue.” Mr. Smith in addition to being vice-president, of the Ithaca Company is also head of the — i Board of Commerce of Ithaca, New York and an ardent hunter. On a recent hunt, Mr. Smith and his companion, were successful — in bagging two red foxes that totalled in ‘72 | weight about twenty two pounds. The guests were invited to afeed of fox meat and according to all reports thoroughly en- joyed themselves, CANADA Calls Youl Vacation Land of Ideal Summer Climate — ROD AND GUN IN CANADA _ 1343 frailways Sy Ga /, q / Hay fever is unknown in this clear, pine- and-balsam scented air. Unlimited terri- -tory to choose from—cloud tipped moun- tains and rugged foothills inviting explora- tion; wide valleys of woods and streams and wild flowers; turquoise lakes with sandy beaches; the restful relaxation of camp life or the luxury of the finest hotels. In Canada, your Ideal Vacation is realized; ae per ger Park—Muskoka Lakes—Georgian Bay —Lake of Bays—Kawartha Lakes—Timagami— oe eee Lower St. Lawrence and Maritime Provinces. Fishing, boating, bath- ing, golf. A summer playground in the great out- of-dvors. Jasper Park, Alberta, and Mount Robson Park, British Columbia, embrace the scenic mountain © wonders oi the Dominion. / For full information and illustrated literature write C. E. Horning E. C. Elliott District Passenger District Passenger _ Agent | Agent Union Station Bonaventure Stn. Toronto, Ont. Montreal, Que. Fishing, Hunting and Camping Real fishing and hunting in virgin streams and unspoiled big’ game country in NOVA SCOTIA, NEW- BRUNSWICK, UEBEC, ONTARIO, ALBERTA and BRITISH COLUMBIA. For full information write G. T. Bell, Passenger Traffic Manager, Grand Trunk Railway System, Montreal, or H. H. Melanson, Passenger Traffic Manager, Canadian National Railways, Toronic. Get Your : Game Slick and;Clean LYMAN Sight equipment helps you pee ee your bullet in the right place the first shot. Lymanize your rifle. For Every Purpose and Every Gun. The Lyman Rear Aperture Prin- ciple automatically centers the eye on the front sight. You simply cover your game with your front sight and fire. Made to fit on tang or receiver. Lyman Ivory & Bead Front Sights show up 5, clearly against the object in any light. Your dealer can supply you with complete Lyman equipment; other- wise, give us your make, model and caliber. Write for folder ‘Better Aim at Target or Game.”’ Lyman Gun Sight Corporation 135 West St. Middlefield, Conn. -SHILDEBRANDT SY SPINNERS The Fish Can’t Resist’Em If you want to land more of the big ones, make record catches every time, do as the old timers do. Land’em with Hildebrandt Hand Made Baits. Different sizes and kinds for all kinds of fishing. No other spins so easily, or has such wonderful zip and snap. The favorite of experienced anglers for more than 20 years. YOUR DEALFR HAS THEM, New Catalog describes them and how you can in- crease yourcatch. Sent FREE. Write today to John J. Hildebrandt Co. Logansport Indiana ANY TRAPPER who would like ascopy of ‘‘STEEL TRAPS’’ will be sent one free in return for two new subscriptions to ROD AND GUN at $1.50 each. Send for sample copies and subscription blanks. ROD AND GUN IN CANADA WOODSTOCK - - - =- ONTARIO ee Cocker Spaniel Crowned the Queen of All Dogdom at the Big New York Dog Show "To the cheers of more than 3,000 enthus- iastic persons who surrounded the judging ring at the Westminster Kennel Club’s show in Madison Square Garden, Midkiff Seduc- tive, a little black and white’ female cocker spaniel, was adjudged ruler of all dogdom. She was placed over more than 1,800 dogs which competed for prizes and fame during the three days of the show. The noted Pekingese champion, Phantom of Ashcroft, belonging to Elbridge Gerry Snow, was reserve and best of opposite sex. That both of these dogs went to the top of the ladder to fight it out for stellar honors was a huge surprise to thé experts and a majority of the big crowd of spectators. There were hundreds in the crowd, including veteran experts, who were of the opinion that neither of them was as good as any one of half a dozen which had been rejected by the ‘judges. They believed that the bull terrier Champion Haymarket Faultless, from Ottawa, Canada, which won the crown here three years ago; Champion Landsdown Sunflower, the greyhound which has won forty-five ribbons for the best in the show; Blarney Begorra, one of the most typical Irish terriers ever exhibited in this country; the Airedale terrier Champion Doreda Warland Strategy and Winterview Borda Von Der Furstenburg, a shepherd dog, were better than either the winner or the reserve. Neither Seductive nor Phantom won its honors by the unanimous consent of the judges. There was a disagreement between Charles G. Hopton, the professional expert _ sion, well set ears, of the proper texture, clean neck, good legs and feet and the merriest — t N ee ; NN i if l | i i q ihn au ue My ya Py ‘ii D) fe ig Ai of New York, and Norman Swire of Toronto the judges, as to which of these was the better. As aresult, Dr. John E. DeMund, the referee was called in to render the final decision. He lingered quite a while in the ring before he made the important award. But after in- specting them minutely for many minutes and putting them through all of their paces, he bestowed the dogdom’s crown on Seductive. | When he pointed his finger toward the | cocker, denoting her the winner, the old Garden rang out with cheers such as was | never before heard at a dog show. There were fifty-four high class specimens in the coveted special for the best in the show ana it was a difficult job to decide which was the best. Seductive is unquestionably, one of the very best cockers.Mr. Payne or any other breeder ever owned. Sheisa handsome black ~ and white, with a splendid head, nice expres- moving cocker I have ever seen. When she was put through her paces in the classes of her own breed, and also in the specials, she out- classed all of her opponents. The judging of the specials for the best in the show was a climax to the most successful — exhibition ever held by the famous West- minster Kennel Club. In its forty-five years of existence it never produced anything like this. Although it did not have a record entry, the quality of the dogs was superior to that of. other years, the number of exhibitors was larger and the crowd that turned out to pay ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1345 Vacation Plans i) HETHER you plan to fish, hunt, or = iy -merely ‘loaf,’ the Canadian National Rail- Ly) ways will direct you to ideal vacation spots, to real fishing and hunting in virgin streams and unspoiled big game country in NOVA SCOTIA NEW BRUNSWICK NORTHERN QUEBEC AND ONTARIO * BRITISH COLUMBIA - For descriptive literature apply to nearest Canadian National Rail- ways Agent or write: C.K. HOWARD, General Tour- ist Agent, Toronto. es: & jie Ss KW) }} Read Tihis Our Celebrated Trout Flies on Looped Gut, or on Eyed Hooks Size 12, 55e—Size 10, 60c—Size 8, 65c dozen. Dry Flies on Looped Gut, or on Eyed Hooks Size 12, 80c—Size 10, 90c—Size 8, $1.00 dozen. Catalogue of Flies, Leaders, Rods, Reels, ; Lines, Etc., Post Free WHITE BROTHERS 17 Water Street Liverpool, England THE NEW MARINE ENGINE that you need. We can supply your requirements in everything from 3 to 28 h.p. Tell us and we will gladly advise you. Write for our free 25 page ® ——— Se illustrated catalogue. ‘‘Honest Injun’’ is our trade mark and we stand behind it. $1, $2, $3, Weekly Save money on your Diamonds by buying from us. We are Diamond Importers. Terms, $1,2$ or $3 Weekly. We fy guarantee you every advantage in Pricetand Quality. : Write to-day for Catalogue, itisfree. : We send Diamonds to any part of Canada for inspec- aoa _{ tion at our expense. Payments may be made Weekly or Monthly. ; Toronto JACOBS BROS., Diamond Importers | 15 Toronto Arcade - - Toronto, Canada 1346 homage to the dog broke all records. From the time the deors were opened on Thursday morning until the last special was decided Saturday night the big arena was jammed with lovers of the faithful animal. 10,000 Persons in Garden. While the gathering on Thursday and Friday was extremely large it was small in comparison to that which turned out Satur- day. All day long the building was jammed to overflowing. It was estimated that more than 10,000 persons visited the Garden at the three sessions during the day. The show opened Saturday with the judg- ing of the variety classes. After Seductive had been declared the best American bred, May Morn Weather and her kennel mate, Clo- verly Weather, old English sheep dogs, had taken the honors for the best team and Phan- tom of Ashcroft has beaten ten champions in the open to all classes, the special for the best in the show was called. Fifty-four Dogs in Ring. As the fifty-four dogs representing forty- seven breeds were being led into the ring there was a wild scramble by the throng to get advantageous positions near the ring. They crowded around the enclosure twenty deep, and hundreds of others scampered to the galleries to get a look at the proceedings. Mr. Hopton and Mr. Swire lost no time in getting down to business. They ordered the competitors through their paces and after scrutinizing them inaction, eliminated almost half of them in a jiffy. The others they brought to the judging platform and began making comparisons of their good points. « In this first close up inspection which lasted only a few minutes, another batch were eliminated. Then the real test began, for only eight of the most fit remained. These were the Irish terrier Blarney Begorra, the old English sheep-dog Cloverly Weather, the bull terrier Haymarket Faultless, the Airedale terrier Warland Strategy, the shepherd dog Winterview Boda von der Fursternburg, the greyhound Landsdown Sunflower and Seduct- ive and Phantom. The next inspection was longer and more thorough. When Haymarket Faultless was placed on the platform this time, the applause that greeted him was tremendous. He was in splendid condition. His white coat glistened, his small keen eyes sparkled, and his muscles stood out like whipcords under the rays of the powerful electric lights. He was the ideal type of the gladiator he represents. But to the surprise and chagrin of the spectators ROD AND GUN IN CANADA the judges saw him otherwise. y exam-— ined him from muzzle to tip of tail and then ordered him out of the ring. This surprising decision brought condemnation m the judges and they were hissed and jeeredatas loudly and long as the dog had been cheered a few minutes previously. ] Sunflower Follows Faultless. Landsdown Sunflower, the queen of all grey hounds, was the next to take the throne _ for final inspection. She too was applauded as she took her position for examination. But, like Faultless. she was ordered out. Then came the Irishman Begorra. stepped to the platform in a daredevil manner as much as to say, “I’m here, look me over.” They did, and the judges quickly ordered him © “ out. But why he was eliminated so soon we cannot understand. He was in tiptop form . and looked able to battle for a kingdom. Then Winterview Borda von De Fursternburg, the typical shepherd dog, which had won a grand championship in Germany, and the Airedale terrier Warland Strategy, which had ~ defeated the best lot of Airedales ever gathered together, were given the gate. ; With’ their elimination the interest of the spectators became more tense. Only the Peke and Cocker remained, and neither of | them was afavorite. But the thousands liked | the cocker the better and after they had seen her go through some lively paces up and down ~ the ring they began to realize that she was a worthy aspirant for the great honor. they showed their appreciation of her by liberal applause. Phantom of Ashcroft was put through some more paces, but the throng did not take kindly to him. They seemed to resent that — earlier in the day he had been placed over the grandest lot of fox terriers ever got together, and they remained passive and silent. This was unfair to one of the greatest little _ toy dogs that ever lived, and it was pity that the crowd did not appreciate him. ; When the pair were placed on the platform — | there came the first disagreement between the twojudges, Mr. Swire preferred the Cocker, while Mr. Hopton insisted that the Peke was ce: the better. The judges discussed the good and bad points of each several times. But — pe each was obdurate and neither would give in. Then came the call for Dr. Demund, and a round of applause that fairly shook the build- ing. More cheers greeted the referee as he entered the ring. He looked the pair of dogs over for a few | minutes, and to the surprise of every one He, ‘ coe And ROD AND GUN IN CANADA @ Hooking is Sure Gatching. This Hone URE” © Makes Every Strike ‘‘FIS Made of “GARBORUNDUM”’ Hones old or new hooks, razor sharp, in a jiffy, so they penetrate “INSTANTLY” at the slightest touch. Make certain that you ‘bring homethe on’’ next season by buying your HOOK-HONE today, Bugs, Fleas, Flies, Roaches 21 and All Insects —— PRINCE GEORGE- TORONTO - - CANADA Magnificently Furnished Liberally Conducted Cuisine Unexcelled Courteous and Prompt Service : European Plan E. WINNETT THOMPSON, General Manager OPERATIONS UNNECESSARY HEPATOLA removes Gall Stones, cor- rects Appendicitis in 24 hours without pain. Registered under Pure Food and Drug Act. $6.50 SOLE MANUFACTURER NMirs. Geo. S. Almas 230 4th Ave. S. Saskatoon, Sask. Box 1073 \e gh = '8- pLAMOND ~ Some years later, about 1916, Mr. Bloodgood,a _ wealthy and leading United States fancier 2 paid Lance Farewell of Toronto some — . $3000.00 for one of his cockers. Mr. Douglas, = however, still produced winners. In 1897 he brought out Black Duke’s son Premier. = with which he captured first in the open at is New York in 1898. He also won with Ono in the junior class from that dog’s sire Omo. Mr. Payne was now showing that beautiful little particolor Blue Bells 11 which set the standard as to what the workings of a black and white particolor should be. As an instance of what good dogs the tate aah George Douglas had, we willsay that his cham-— pion Black Duke was much thesame cut ofa — Es ar a dog as this year’s winner Midkiff Seductive. = Black Duke had substance with brik rey of a See movement and “liberty,” good head, re well hung, neck of good length velipronertianie 3 ed, body with good legs and feet. Many of tog a the cockers of those days were too long an“) body and with short and crooked legs derived I presume from an early crop with the field ‘ spaniel, Others again were bred down Sea oS ee mi gaan ans), et Soren, eet) aa ih Handy Compass Made with waterproof screw case" always reliable for it cannot demagne- tize. Pocket Compass, stationary dial $1.25, revolving dial, $1.50. A atalltimes, station- —ary dial, $1.50, re- } volving dial, $1.75. Waterproof Matchbox Carry oneand you willalways have. dry matches, even though you drop {tin the water. Made of seamless brass, nickle plated, size of a ten gauge shell, may be quickly opened closed in the dark, 60c. _ Fors Days Wear. We'll send you a genuine Gophir Gem, ‘mounted in solid 14kt gold, so you can wear it free for five fulidays. IF YOU CAN TELL IT FROM A DIAMOND— SEND IT BACK. Gophir Gems are cut like diamonds, stand all diamond tests, and are guaranteed for a lifetime. Simply send your name and address for our new Gophir Gem book. Select from it ‘tie goods desired. After five days free trial, if you want to keep them, pay on instal- ments as low as $1.50 monthly. No red tape, your credit is good. 3 Send today for booklet, and full details or our free trial, easy payment plan. The Gophir Diamond Co., Limited Dept. V-15 140 Yonge St. Toronto 8S RABBITS will net you from five to thirty times as much as 4 cow; almost double that of fifty chickens; from five to nine times as much as six sheep, three times as much as two sows. This is not theory. _ lt has been proven. Good breeding stock sells for from $10 to $200 each. Get in this profitable business. Sen us eg subscription $1 per year. This ad. and 75c will be accepted for a trial. FUR‘/AND FOOD MONTHLY, Brantford, Canada . ROD AND GUN IN CANADA Will Serve You in a Pinch Dependability is a good word to describe a Marble’s article—in tight places, where maybe your very life is at stake, you are always sure of Marble’s Equipment. We show only a few items here—the com- plete line includes Safety Pocket and Camp Axes, Hunting Knives in various styles, Com- passes, Waterproof Matchbox, Front and Rear Gun Sights (considered unequalled by both professional andsamateur shooters) Gun Rods and ) Safety Coat Compass fastens to coat C i or belt, can’t get ag Cleaning Implements, Anti-Rust Ropes, Nitro- lost, in plain view ¢@j@ Solvent Oil, and Recoil Pads. No. 9. A practical axe for every outdoor need— made strong and sturdy to stand hard usage. Solid eteel blade 274x434 in., 14 in. handle of selected hick- ory, weight, 22 oz. $1.50. Sheath, 75c extra. Most good stores handle Marble’s Equipment— if your dealer can’t supply you, order direct. Send draft or money order. Ask for the Marble’s Catalog MARBLE ARMS & MFG. CO. $1 Delta Ave. eS eS Se SSS ee Belt Axe adiiee er a GLADSTONE, MICH. tt Floats, ts transparent, waterproof and indestructible My New Blue Devil Darning Needle ! - It’s a Dry Fly Trout and Bass Jump At It You have known the Joe Welsh Leaders for years— now make the acquaintance of the “Blue Devil’! Joe Welsh Leaders by mail—3 ft. length for 25c—6 ft. length 50c—9 ft. for 75c. A “Blue Devil’ and a | 3 ft. Leader 75c. Joe Welsh Pasadena, California Distributor for U.S. and Canada 1350 small, no substance or soundness, being mere - house pets. This is even so to-day. The cocker spaniel is naturally one of our greatest hunting dogs but it is to be regretted that most of the thoroughbred and show specimens of this breed as well as in other hunting breeds, airedales for instance, are never hunted. We cannot help but see that in the failure to put such dogs in their natural work such breeds will eventually lose that soundness stamina and keeness which is their disting- guishing characteristic. Small cockers and long body, bandy legged cockers are not built on lines to fit them for puting up birds in brush and wooded country up hill and down dale. For this reason | have always stood for the dog with good legs. A year or so ago while talking to some Toronto fanciers on the matter of judging, I told them that no matter what bench show awards their dogs had obtain- ed I could not stand for a long bodied or short legged cocker. Another fad in cockers has been the profuse feathering; why a dog who has to work through the sort of country a cock- er has, should be encumbered or entangled with a lot of long hair on his legs is beyond my understanding. The cocker makes an all round huntingdog. While pre-eminentlya partridge or grouse dog, he will, when put to it, run rabbits or even deer. To-day inthe cities when one is going on a partridge hunting trip one of the most necessary and hardest things to obtain is a good dog. What few breeders there are here in Ontario of real working cocker and water spaniels are general- ly always sold out. They cannot keep up with the demand. All praise then to those who can breed pure blooded dogs that can win both on the bench and in the field. This makes the real dog. Such a person is Mr. Baldwin of Ottawa, who again took winners this year at New York withhisfoxhound Heffwin. He isnowa champion bench and field trial dog. In spaniels there is Robert Smith of Port Hope. He sent his springer spaniel Beech- grove Duke to New York this year and won, and Duke would much rather be out holding a partridge or retrieving a wounded duck, ROD AND GUN IN: CANADA Springers are the sort of spaniels for this country, while perhaps not as “merry’’ for partridge as the cocker; yet for both partridge and duck they are the dog, eae the power.. They are a larger brot to the cocker. In airedales we must gi Mr, Bates of Metagama, as one who believes that the thoroughbred should be also a worker and is confining the best of these two requirements up in that country. However, where there is — plenty of meat, Mr. Bates, should not allow his dogs to overfeed or he will have difficulty- _in keeping them down to size. Airedales are spoken of as the “‘biggest and best” of terriers but when they go over fifty pounds they lose that hardness and snap of the real! terrier. In conclusion, I will again say that by — crowning a cocker spaniel Queen of Dogdom — for 1921, in America the Canadian cocker breeders may well be pleased and look again to the days 20 and 30 years ago when the Canadian cockers started the fancy. Three of the old time fanciers who are still going are Joe Hill of Woodstock and Toronto, Lance Farewell of Toronto and Andy Armstrong of Ottawa who has exchanged dogs with Mr. Payne. These three are judges and authorities on spaniels. Other prominent breeders in Canada to-day are Mr. Moore of Vancouver who has won al! across Canada as well as in New York.’ F. J. McGourson is also another prominent breeder of Vancouver. In Ontario we have Mr. — Lewis, Mr. Bowerbank, Mr. Falconer and Mrs. Worthy of Toronto; Mr. Living, keeping “Andy” company in Ottawa; Mr. Jackson of © Hamilton; and Mr. Crozier and Mrs. Kitter- master up near Orillia; Mrs. Enright of Montreal has been to the fore of late in — Canadian shows. May we see more cockers of the type of ch. Black Duke and Midkiff Seductive, not too long and beefy in back and standing on useful legs. NOTE:—Canadian breeders of real sport- ing spaniels will find that they can sell all they can raise by advertising in Rod and Gun all over Canada and even to the States, I have even had enquiries from Dawson city. George Goodwin. Distemper in Dogs Dr. J. A. ALLEN, Dominion Animal Pathologist Canine distemper is a disease usually, but not always, confined to young dogs. While it is the consensus of communicable qualified opinion that the disease is caused by a germ, there is a dispute as to whether the specific germ has been actually discovered. ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1351 MUSKRATS - LURE - TRAPS We supply the lure and traps and then. pay the highest prices for your catch. The lure irrestible—Spanner’s Muskrat Lure—is 80c. per bottle. Our stock of traps is complete and our prices are fair. Send along your rat skins and our cheque will go to you the same day. OLIVER SPANNER & CO. The Reliable Taxidermists 26 Elm Street. Toronto, Ont. KEEP YOUR GUN CLEAN! HOPPE’S 2! NITRO POWDER SOLVENT No. 9 (Trade Mark Registered) For Cleaning High Power Rifles, Shot Guns and Firearms of all kinds. REMOVES and PREVENTS RUST. It will neutralize [jie acid residue of Smokeless Powder and Alea prevent corroding. Sold by The D. Pike Co., Ltd., Toronto. The J. H. Ashdown Hardware Co., Winnipeg Wood, Alexander & James, Hamilton. Se McLennan, par deep Co., Ltd., Vancouver §& E. G. Prior & Co., Ltd., Victoria. ; Tisdalls Limited, Vancouver FRANK A. HOPPE, 2314 N. 8TH ST., PHILADELPHIA, PA. Sole Manufacturer. We Manufacture all kinds of : CANOES, ROWBOATS, SAILBOATS Lifeboats a Specialty : Write for Catalogue R e Walter Dean Canoe and Boat Co. Toronto, Canada We furnish Knock- Down and in various stages of completion Launches D Have ready for shipment finished hulls from Cruisers 16 ft. to 28 ft., also some launches complete eye with engine installed ready to run. Auxiliary Yachts Work - Boats | and Hulls for Outboard Motors / Robertson Bros. cf Hamilton 1352 There are several different forms of the disease which means the infection either manifests itself in different organs of the body or that we are dealing with entirely different diseases which have not yet been differen- tiated. There is more evidence for the former than for the latter contention, as sometimes all the organs are affected simultaneously in distemper. The secretions coming from the affected animals harbour the specific virus, and these are the usual vehicles of infection. Young dogs coming in contact with these secretions are very apt to develop the disease, since at that time their resistance is low as a result of the parson” functions of growth, teeth- ing, etc. There is some evidence that the high mortality among distempered dogs is due not only to the presence of the specific germ, but also to other germs that are found in the animals mouth in health; that is to say, the causative germ opens the door for the other fellows who do not know the combination. This results in a mixed infection, and the large number of deaths are attributed to the entrance of germs that cannot. ordinarily produce disease. Death results, then, in a type of blood poisoning. As a result of this last observation con- cerning mixed infection a vaccine has been prepared for dog distemper. Now a vaccine is nothing more or less than a suspension of The New Headquarters for Fishing Tackle : a Anglers throughout Canada will be interest- ed to know that Canadian Fishing Tackle Headquarters—Allcock, Laight & Westwood Company Limited, home of the famous “Stag” and “Beaver” brands of tackle—have been moved from the old location at 78 Bay Street, Toronto, to larger and more commod- ious premises at 70 King Street West. Here new fixtures, show cases and counters have been arranged, and the largest and most complete stock of fishing tackle in Canada is now assembled. The business of the famous firm is a very old one in Canada and a still older one in England, having been founded at Redditch in the year 1800. A Canadian branch was established in Toronto 60 years ago, the shop, and warehouse for the last 40 years being located on Bay Street. Here Mr. Benjamin Westwood became personally acquainted with many of the most enthusiastic anglers in ROD AND GUN IN CANADA the dead germs that are usually found diseased animal. When these germs dead they cannot, of course, multiply in the body, - and therefore they cannot produce the disease — eae when injected. But although dead, they can stimulate the body to produce if substance 3 that is capable of neutralizing ‘the action of similar bacteria if at some subsequent time ets they gain entrance to the body. eee Distemper is a disease in which pesveliens: ae measures give More encouraging results than e e: ae curative treatment. There is no specific | medicinal treatment for distemper. One can only treat the symptoms as they occur, — Bae and it takes an experienced professional man to do this. Your correspondent suggests the application of a blister to the throat. ae This would be rather heroic treatment. Warm blankets applied around the chest with spirits of camphour would be a much more rational practice in cases where the bron- chial apparatus is involved. In treating distemper, attention should -be directed to keeping up the strength of the animal with stimulants and tempting food. oe In controlling distemper, the kennel should be frequently cleansed and disin- — fected. If a pup is found ill he should be — : ‘immediately isolated, and vaccination of all pups after weaning should be undertaken. | In our experience vaccination is worthless after the animal has become infected. Canine distemper vaccine can be secured threes any qualified veterinary surgeon. = : ziatt at rs St » iN ie Canada, as well as hosts of visiting anglers = from Great Britain and the United States. = Mr. Westwood has retired from active business of late years, but the old traditions 3 of the firm which led fishermen to rely upon its counsel and advice in buying tackle have = been faithfully preserved, Mr. John Mossop | 5 and Mr. J. B. Kennedy,-who are nowincharge, =f have grown upin the business. They knowang- — Tee ling conditions of every district in Canada, and — nae pote the tackle required for every angling purpose. — : ” Allcock, Laight & Westwood have always — aimed to be for anglers “guides, counsellors and friends” as well as the merchants who — supplied them with the tackle they needed. Messrs. Mossop and Kennedy are anglers — ne Bie ae themselves, and know the more famous fishing . ; waters from one end of Canada to the other. They are)/competent authorities upon when anglers may rely to recommend the tackle need- ed in the district where the fishing is to be done. ee a aa ar: : ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1353 New DeLuxe Wag Tail Chub A Nature Lure which apparently swims with its tail. The last word in the making of artificial baits. Nothing like it on the market. Looks like a live Minnow, swims like one and is a real fish getter. Scale finish, body 234 in. long, ce >, ; weight 14 oz., Nickel Plated Tail (Patent pending). Convertible, an excellent surface, near surface or deep bait. Guaranteed satisfactory in every respect or Money refunded. Price $1.10. | Sin i CATCHES MORE FISH—“Jan. 18, 1921. Please send me two Wag Tail baits, Natural Perch finish. } ond Mr. J. F. Hill caught 8 beautiful large mouth bass last Saturday using this bait. He tried other baits but could not even get a strike. D W. Breazleah, Natchitoches, La fe. _ Send for information regarding the famous PIKIE MINNOW and other Nature Lures. : The CREEK CHUB BAIT COMPANY, 126 Randolph St., Garrett, Indiana feaesonsR LLUDSON BAY THE BLACK Sinemet EAGLE, a grand hunting son of the great international Champion Kootenai Chinook, . and out of Canada’s unde- _— 2 NC Pius suey feated, prize-winning and — ; ~*~ champion-bred producing dam ae Bothwell Peggy. . Be . And er HUDSON BAY KING NOBBLER, a full — blood hunting son of the world-famed gs a ek ee ae apgtal ain. saeieages = ag ion, ey King Nobbler, and out o =e Canada’s Aca, ou type {ear eis) BOND RELOADING TOOL m2 prize-winning and champion-bred produc- oS ing dam, Preparedness. 30 CALIBER =a This grand pair of hunting airedales are BULLETS ee at stud in Canada. & 120 GR. 150 GR. = This is a grand opportunity for owners oS of good airedale dams to improve their BOR ete ONE OF OUR DOUBLE CAVITY _ ‘| _stock. These sires are in a class by BULLET MOULDS : a themselves. They were hunted all - through their pre-natal stage on big i and small game. Theyfare young, vig- ss orous and red blooded. Fee $25.00. ey Express prepaid to ___| HUDSON BAY KENNELS, REG’D |e Metagama, via Cartier, New Ontario ; Br Owner, M. Bate sogeees oe Kennel Club, MODERN-BOND Co. | _ The dogs that have no ‘strings’ on them! ao taper Baharia thea - WILMINGTON DELAWARE REGISTERED “Try one NT RAC th bas mee TRADE MARK | “We Stand guarantee COATED LINEN back of of the ae makers.”’ > — . COLLARS Have shown the greatest improvemenis of any collars offered to the trade since 1879. The slit over the re-inforced button-hole, prevents the button pressing on the neck, and allows freedom in adjusting tie. The Flexible Tabs prevent breaking at the front fold. Worn by sportsmen, automobile owners, merchants, mechanics, railway employees, and in fact, by everybody. Sold by the best dealers in every city. MADE IN CANADA, by THE PARSONS & PARSONS CANADIAN CO. - - - - HAMILTON, CANADA l¢* * Tournament Dates for 1921. Hamilton Gun Club—Hamilton—Good Friday. Manor Gun Club—Clarkson—May 24th. Grand International—St. Thomas—June 6, 7, 9. Bob White Gun Club—Niagara Falls—June 18. ——— Indians—Niagara-on-the-Lake—June 30, uly 1, 2. Alberta—Calgary—July 1, 2. Sever naale Championships—Montreal—July 11, 12, 13. ; THE NEW HANDICAP SYSTEM. Haatios by distance, and the classification of all trap-shooters, will be based this year on a man’s ability to break 16-yard targets. In other words, a man handicaps himself—allots to himself the mark he shall stand atin all handicaps. This is all very plain- ly set forth m the 1921 Registered Trapshooting booklet. The system will naturally enough be a fruitful topic of discussion where two or more trapshooters get together. It may, and probably will, come in for some severe criticism at first, like any radical change is subjected to before it is thoroughly understood, and its working has shown its benefits. Space is too valuable to devote much of it to a dissertation upon a matter which is so capably explain- ed in the booklet above mentioned, but a few words to emphasize a point or two seem advisable. In the first place it must be clearly understood that, while the A. T. A. requires clubs to send in complete data on all handicap events shot at Registered Tournaments a at Registered Club Shoots, in fact, on all Registered Targets shot at, the handicap data is for record only and is not considered when distance handicaps are awarded, these being based on 16-yard targets only. Such being the case, we know very well that a man’s first thought will be: “I can break ’em all right at 16 yards, but put me back and I won’t stand a show on earth” How does he know that? Probably he is basing his thought on what he has done in the occasion- al handicap he has taken part in during the past year ortwo. Ifhe willjustthink a moment he willremember that he went into those events with practically no preliminary practice. The question as to the amount a man has to lead a quartering target from the back marks had to be solved while in competition, and dur- ing that process some valuable targets have got away = a chance of finishing near the top has been also ost. The new rule will, we believe, cause gun club manage- ments to schedule regular practice events at distance handicap, basing the handicaps allotted ec grt the A. T. A. ruling. With practice, the old bugaboo of those three, four or more yards back of the 16-yard mark will soon begin to lose its menace. ST. HUBERT GUN CLUB. Twenty shooters enjoyed another fine program Saturday afternoon, February 19th, at the New Orch- ard Beach traps. S. E. Sangster had the high gun honors with a card of 46 breaks onthe 50birds. The competition for the club spoon had to be carried over to next Saturday, a breakdown of the trap causing a delay which made it too late to break the tie. S.E. Sangster and T. Baird had totals of 44, with handicaps off for spoons won. Sel. Sangster registered his second win - the E. Bedard Deer-Head trophy, 46 with two birds Oo The event spoons were won with keen competition by Jos. Dionne, No. 2 fell to Tom Baird, Sel. Sangster captured the third, No. 4 was gathered in by Norman Brownlee, while spoon five was taken care of by Presi- dent Corby after a shoot-off with O. T. Ring. The team shoot proved another exciting affair, ending in a tie and was decided in a shoot-off by the two team captains in favor of the president's team. Several visitors were present and a few took part in the program, John McRae, of Saskatoon, putting on some good scores, as did Mr. Easton for the first attempt at the traps. x A Five events at 10 targets: : ; S. E. Sangster 8 10 10 10—46 AA ea 9 8 9 10—45_ N. Brownlee.... 6 910 944. JOS- TONNE 25. FA ieee 8 5 9 10—42 H. I. Barber 8 8 8 942 W.D.Monk.... 8 9 9 7—42 W.J.Corby... 8 7 7 10—45 BaRuller..: oe 9 7 8 8&—39 S. Rastonti.3--.., ace ee 7779 9-39 John McRae. x) his ca ee ee 7779. 8&3 Won be. 222 2 ane 8 6 5 9 8-36" Gep-'EBasdale 2. \¢...¢25e nein 7.7 62itl sa WA Johnaton 53 ciocas 8 4 7 6 8—33 Po Watters: 252 2 eee 6 5 7 6 $33 7.4 6 8 7—32 7.5 8 7 S32 4 5 5 7 10—31 4 6 6 3 6—25 422 3 213 F. Marris’(pro) 2 <<< oc.ccsnax oa bo. 10 Shoot-off for spoon, event No. 5, and team race: Corby. . 3 .5..:..0icecn >) Se Basdsle.; 2. osnntee gt tit ie Seekenpears tee VO Te Team race: : President's Vice-President’s Team eam. Conny. Satan ee 41 Easdale...... 35 Brownlee 44 Baird. nar wees Barber) icc. 42 Dionne... 42 angster 46 Johnston...... 33 GETHIN G. Girone oe 32 ON ss 5. i devscceun 42 RUM BRC. oh Sealy wes OO > I ee 39 Weatherne.5, 5 0c 33 Easton......... 39 Wick ware « o0.o. 322% 29. i FIED ELE, Say es Ave 29 Total 267 otal. ocean Cee Majority, 10 birds. Extra Event at 25 Yellow Bands. Barber, 22; Sangster, 21; Baird, 20; Brownlee, 20; McRae, 18. HAMILTON GUN CLUB. The regular shoot of the Hamilton Gun club was run off at the local traps on Saturday afternoon when over 30 members were present. The main -interest was taken in the third event of the Klein & Binkley handi- cap, and while the leader, W. Barnes, still retained his lead, the distance was cut down one bird by M.E. Fletcher. Barnes got 23 for this event giving him a total of 71, while M. E. Fletcher got 24 for atotal of 70. M. E. Goodale, H. Kretschman and C. Bailey were tied at the end of the second event, and by putting on the tidy score of 24, all jumped into a tie for third place with 68._ J. F. Gray, a B. class shooter, is next in line with 67. ; C. Bailey now holds the long run honor by putting on arun of 35 without a miss, this score beating of W. Barnes by 2 birds. C. Bailey seems to be rounding into form now and big things can be looked forfrom him before the race is over. M. E. Goodale and M. E. Fletcher tied for high. average on the afternoon’s shooting with 48 out of 50, and W. Barnes was next with 84 out of 100. J. Hunter also had the good score of 46 out of 50, and E. H. Sturt, 69 out of 75. Sturt and M. E. Fletcher alltied if A. class for the spoon with 24, but in the shoot off, Sturt won out with another 24. J.-F. Gray and W. W. Livingstone also tied in B class with 22, but on the toss, the spoon went to Gray, R. Dodds was the lucky one in C class, winning the spoon with 21. The scores follow: Shot. at Broke Ie ATetschiman s¢ dh cecuoccmentina Ae 82 WR, SOGS TOG os 5p Tinta ican op dian etnacek ai 1'0 94 AX -SATOUG .: bo p'vzsévcabidbeirscidians eter itatecdantneeth 100 83 Bl RAMAINOE scence okey, donde datas mend icabaccton te 100 89 BS fg RRMES 10 ies eddnadivstb\thebassingthdcrcatcerebdtdaa tite 75 45 De SF ee TS ay 50 48 CA, TORING 5s bibipeids asttacperctratons ORG 50 41 MB SEM FER Re, es FS 50 42 I ER ENE Bt Rerk, S06 Be cho 50 40 Ms Es GHOODAIS . oSy esrb ciewhen hace 50 48 Pat DONOR: fs oG)s i eWindesicidat berate ak 50 43 Fis Mer MOUCTIOE » 0'x pc a Nenmisieithisaa acne 50 48 RPG Races icidllo ds caves, eb chil (ated init: em 75 66 GS GE ce itlileirioed jue clnek telnet 50 Al H.L, Smith 50 36 H.Fletcher..,. 75 62 J.Griffiths.... 50 39 Cr SRO ask 50 30 A. Von Gunten,. 100 81 R. Dodds. ,......... 50 40 ie CSO VER <. Goikneiein ie aes sc 50 36 }, Hunter 50 46 J. Moyer 50 30 J.F.Gray..,. 50 42 BE, = SOEMOD yo: cccinsescslbiaas 50 40 Co EUIOD y « 5p wcvvstsestafepidttieseeshasilanitegdvaltinns 50 25 "a> Teh. eg i SF th ae ss py ae Be eh S ORR Ee ROD AND GUN IN CANADA. i s r = 4 7 ) ‘s GeBrOWh 2a Rice cra Rk a ee 50. 738. T. Gardiner.............. <% 50 they shoot under such bad weather conditions. Sev- eral members of the Garden city gun club, headed by the irrepressible Bill Jones motored out, and after bucking several big snow drifts arrived in time to enjoy the afternoon’s “‘sport.” The prizes were wo eS by Mr. McGlashan, H. W. Hunsberry, Mr. Killally and” ro Bill Jones. A beautiful gold pen knife phy Sees engraved was donated by BillJones to go tothe shooter _ breaking five (5) na beige ae Ng Bn unloading, after _ each shot in the quickest time by the watch and was xu by ~ W. Hunsberry with five straight breaks in > seconds. % Those shooting and their scores follow:— §— ames Shotat Broke _ EX, W. Fitts erry seks sac cnecocdosesecescenctesseetara oe 40 32 Wo POD gc cicerncsrenctercese sage eeerst tere mehcepknrs tat 40...’ S2 ree M. Honsberger. apa D.McGlashan..... “3 CEIVPartins, 2 3.2 egetaatern ice 35. Don: Proup ss soy sah. ion pate tater Le? phe SSDEME Grr ceveset es cauecs terre sSnaeaiwonpe ares igas assess 35 J. Eph. 2 GARDEN CITY GUN,CLUB. The Garden City gun club, St. Uctharines, held their seg regular shoot at their -ounds on Saturday afternoon, with the largest crowd in attendance, this season, A number of the Jordan Gun Club were presentandW.H. Hunsberry tied with F. Church of St, Catharines i the 25 bird event. Following is the ys Sete event. WW HaneBerry:. . Sepiiicsc tose cvanst epics ene FP CUrCH is 75 iv ac cintetew-e sy ecldlinesseaasnetinioes MM. Honshersers.,.0......tscccnceuass ete CEP OUDEN yiticrand fisshon andes uence Stabe Fe WY TLCG ane, $idle o'euksamsarsssingshnevteoteis anacmeneeehe tee Wc DONO |S oie, c:a/o,c'stntdeckaxassatem tent otete tae ate Ais Wismiers i423 .200, ee BD Wa oo ateieces Tacvencaiiicacsnerss eateastoae W. Partington 75h s,..cssccmeinin eens A. McGlashanx wus 02 eid ee soutaa W.Jones...... M. Honsberger A. McGlashan.... T. Jencks. J.Spence... R. Partington., H. Clatterbuck W. Nickerson... A. Welstead-. C. Forbes... D. Fraser. W. Reed.. A. Notman A. High..... F. Gayder... A. H. Kilally T. Saunders. P, May....... W.Partington....... P. Clatterbuck..... Fr. FOSDOO ia contin acasosithenpnes Savuys boas vnataaie rete o ROD AND GUN IN CANADA | 1357 AEGE For the Man Who is Out of Doors Anyone who is much out of doors— the soldier, the sportsman, the lumber- man, the engineer, the prospector, the miner—will find Jaeger Pure Wool Gar- _ments wonderfully comfortable and dur- able for outdoor life. Here are some useful garments:—Sleeping bags, blankets, travelling rugs, sleeping caps, colic bands, chest protectors, underwear, hosiery, shirts, pyjamas, stockings, sweaters, cardigans, spencers, knitted waistcoats, ulsters, caps, gloves, etc. A FULLY ILLUSTRATED é Sanitary Woollen CATALOGUE WILL BE DR. JAEGER "System ©9- LIMIT ED SENT FREE ON APPLICA- Toronto Montreal Winnipeg TION. Britist “founded 1883”. 4 | BAKER | GUNS | SINGLE OR DOUBLE aa ‘| For fifty years known to shooters in America as the most reliable gun at a moderate price. ‘ Be sat > For accuracy and durability nothing better at any price. a eats, 2° Sole Selling Agents, THE H. & D. FOLSOM ARMS CO. rages 314 Broadway, New York 30 Wellington St. W., Toronto ee THE RAT SEASON WILL SOON BE HERE ee | AND FUR IS GOING UP es oe ouefor the RATS? _ Ifso, write at once for our Catalogue and look up the “Trap- a rs Specials.” 3 These canoes are the result of many years’ experimenting and are essentially what they are called. — Light enough to be carried on one’s shoulder leaving the other hand free for gun or traps and at the same time having the greatest carrying carrying of any canoe on earth for their . weight and size. THE LAKEFIELD CANOE?AND BOAT CO., LIMITED : Builders of high class canoes and boats for every known purpose. _ LAKEFIELD ONTARIO CANADA ne rt ee ee 1358 WW. SMtOM. o2o. 20 9 C. Morrison.. 10 6 R. May.... 10 BEAMSVILLE GUN CLUB. Thursday afternoon, March 3 the newly organ- ized Beamsville Gun Club held their second shoot. The scores were:— Shot at Broke 0 OL) pe ee RI imate BR oP” Soin a 9a G 50 48 Se eeiconkie.. 5.5... atae ee ee 50 46 W. Hunsberry,. Oe te Gos cents eet REN a ee 68 Tew: at renga BONE pats A dete 3 Ea id Teo OS 50 45 G. Tufford.. ates SS ee a 25 20 Sick Glover... .dus$e. ss, eee 25 19 R.J. Montgomery. sane ps aemepoainic couebtencane tee be 60 Wyran: Srmielair Fs. cise ee eects eink inte Pag 15 9 CH. Pradhoune.:, 320 aes 40 24 BD. Laine x oe oes oe, a ee 50 oz QU on 5 cee EE Settee ene 50 31 SAO GROSS ore eet a ee 20 14 G5 i): 7 SRN Sn SAL Shey Ieee ata Sid oa 10 ay H. Boughner = ao 23 Doc Smale. 25 14 . Reid. 25 17 Mrx. Montgomery 15 7 H. Tufford.. ........ 35 17 LS House. . 25 il yt Shields. . ase stand ay 25 8 W.D. Calne Sd el ce eae et a 10 2 ear Ee Th BOL EP ie RUN RET 6 GARDEN CITY GUN CLUB. The Garden City Gun Club held their regular shoot on Saturday afternoon, March 5, witha good attendanve of shooters. Considering the. weather some very good scores were made. The four special prizes being won by:—First, A. McGhie; second H. W. Hunsberry, third, Will Jones; fourth, M. Honsberger. Following are the scores: ree at eg: RL Wo FAURE CRTY : 55-0530: cieiecdat ko ee: PAO CORT 5. icosoieds font dete AAD 3 61 BE Ora Cr BOL. 3.0.2,5 20076 iyi 70 52, Bs Witter. s53 Ss cee 70 44 J. Partington.. 70 43 Geo. Clatterbuck. 70 57 J. Troup... ..:.. 70 58 z: Forbes. . 70 42 A. McGhie.. 60 53 W. Jones.. Wabinteey ctatoeakt 60 43 H. Clatterbuck... danteghiadetts suctucy eo wh e 60 41 i OE Ny eee eek ae Say Oo 60 38 Rs Maslanhain 4: cote ee a 60 27 D. py RS yp a LAD oe ee ie 60 42 Rie, WANE ea ae ea bineloc Cen eon ce ed, 60 47 Ww. rection. SAE ah ey A le EER Fe 50 31 TG oy eee Te ne RIE RR 3 a 50 28 BA I eee Raa AY, | 5 22 BO NORIO GS 32) 76 Athictsaht 50 31 Hamilton Angling Club On Thursday, January 13th, about fifteen of Hamilton’s prominent anglers held a meet- ing, the object of which was to form an angling club in that city. The Rev. G. W. Tebbs of Burlington was chairman and gave the opening address, outlining the purpose of the meeting. It was unanimously decided to form a club and the following officers were appointed: President, B. E. Webster; vice-president, J. R. Dixon; secretary, H. W. Banks; treas- urer, F. C. Tebbs. The executive also included the following anglers:—A. Beare, J, Green, A. King, J. G. Sweetlove and J, E. Zimmerman. Hamilton, with its splendid bay affords a ROD AND GUN IN CANADA oe J. Dewey Ge Clatterbuck 15 A. Christopher 15 A. Armburst........ 6 ST. HUBERT GUN CLUB. Joe Dionne ine the big March 5, at the New Orchard | ines fod a lis - The popular ex-hockey player | good score ne 30 on the 50 birds. Sammy and H. G. Roger were aa behind with scores of: nan ut a ert Tarmete 10 15 10 Jos. Dicune. Fiddevaheseider had edema 10 14. 9 WN. Brownlee? 350 Fes, a eee 1g 13 10 14—47_ T Bairds 635 eee 5 10 15—45 — BULiPullery. oe. nan oe ee 10 3 8 12—43_ J RiBooths Ir. S05 neat 9.12.9 SrE- Sangster Suey eda cogs ee oapeatt anna: aaa eee VIET P. Watters oooten dh cree eee 8 13-84 EI. Barberisins suitke tere eekeionee eedet tech Geo. Easdale........... Ne -heeaschapewt cross fed bee AW As SONUStON/3. 2 atk ae aera cee Cotas G Es 6 Frank Bedardy uth ee poe an 8 7 H. Merrill...... 5 F. Runge 5 1 W. Skillen fier S. Hebert a g 9 ponoot-off for spoon in event No. 4-Seiaeange unge, iz. is Shoot-off high gun prize, brace chickens, rare Bedard donor—lst, rat Dionne, 10x10: Brownlee, Dionne, 12x15; Evowstlees rae Nes Extra event at 15 birds—Baird, 13; Purber 12. “ veritable fisherman’s paradise and while the — ae waters at the present time are not just healthy as of old, it is expected that with the ; combined efforts of the new angling club, it es will shortly be all that could be desired. ge 7 en apy Li Trapshooting at the Sportsmen’ s Show fe Adam Schrimff of Perth Ambey, Noli as made a perfect score shooting at 100 birds in — the world’s Indoor Amateur Champi Yeh at the recent Sportsmen’s Show held in New © ee: York. After winning this event he continued “a to shoot making a straight run of 152. Sch i used a Fox gun in mai tale Temar able .- score, . 4 fi mf _|LEF T! MARK! BANG! SPLASH! The clinker is shoved out of the monkey hide and youpick up a single. Another victory for Mason’s—the old reliable decoys. We make them for all species in several grades. A post card brings our free catalogue. MASON’S DECOY FACTORY 5901 Milford St. and P.M.R.R. Detroit, Mich. Laurentide House Fish and Game Reserves Lake Edward, P.Q., Canada. Mink, Skunk, “Coon,” Rabbits, eta with For your spring fishing trip, and fall hunting, come to the well known Lake A Dime brings Illustrated Trappers Edward reserves, trout and moose very Guide. It tells how. Giving _ plentiful, also caribou, bear, partridge and the first time in print the treasured secrets of ducks. the wisest old trappers in this country, it’s Guides, canoes and complete outfits worth dollars to you. aes THE TRAPPERS’ SUPPLY CO. Trips arranged to Lake Mistassini and Hudson Bay. Booklet sent on request. BOXC - - - OAK PARK, ILL. ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1359 AUTOMOBILE MOTORS AND MECHANISM Pocket size, 265 pp., fully illustrated. CONTENTS—The internal combustion engine. Principles and construction. A typical modern motor, The centrifugal governor, The hit-or-miss governor, Car- buretors, The float feed principle, The float chamber and jet, Various types of modern construction, Quality of mixture, Flooding the carburetor, Carburetor troubles and adjustments etc., Gear or Gearing, Belt and Chain Gearing, Friction gear, Spur on tooth gearing, Differential or balance gear, Shafts and their functions, The crank- shaft, half speed shaft, countershaft, etce., Lubrication and Lubricators, Pumps and their purposes, Motor misfiring, causes and remedies, Noises in the Motor, causes and remedies, Motor overheating, causes and remedies, Electric motors, principles and operation, Steam cars, The engine, generator, reverse gear, etc. Price: Cloth Binding, $1.25. ADDRESS ALL ORDERS TO W. J. TAYLOR, LIMITED Woodstock, Ontario A ra ar 37 EO) Le Fayt ie, XMS SD (DD SD SD) (SD D> (D(a) SD >) ND ¢ ) CED () says, “‘We must Stout to 4X Ditto, Ditto to 3X, Stout Lake to fine, Ditto. rage or oe hate it to medium, Ex-stout to MEDIUM, Ex-stout to stout, 6 ft. Bros. of Alnwick we We will be pleased to quote prices on receipt of inquiry. owe the supremacy Hardy Bros.,Manufactory Alnwick, En land FISHERMEN! Rod makers. YOUR ATTENTION, please, to the fact hat there i oe a special magazine exctmively devoted or ur special hobby. It is four years old; a strong, healthy youngster, ebiy na ay el by a little coterie of real sportsmen who know the business from Ato Z. You should see it! The American Angler THE ONLY ALL-ANGLING MAGAZINE Covers every phase of angling. Contains well- wenien, beau lly illustrated stories by and for nglers; how to get the most sport near home; stories amous angling waters noted anglers who have “been everywhere” and who know. how to write; daring original and tim opinions on all matters piscatorial; amateur tackle making; fly, bait and surf tournament. Salt water angling is genero treated and angling maser is delightfully illus- trated. FPubtshed monthly. gee af Hoctymambesy 2 Regular td Subscription $2.00; Canada, $2. Foreign, $2.60. Send Check or Postal Money Order to THE AMERICAN ANGLER Candler Bldg., 221 W, 42d St., NEW YORK THE GREAT E NGLIS H FIELD AND HUNTERS == TRAPPERS YOU CAN DOUBLE YOUR DOLLARS ~~ BY GATHERING and GROWING)MEDICAL PLAN TS . Ginseng, _ 00; Golden Seal, $5.00 per ea and many others. The aatd Profitable, Healthful and Enjoyable OUTDOOR OCCUPATION. Write for FREE PARTICULARS and Price List |} of Seeds and Plants. O. A. TWITCHELL Reg. Ph. and Herbalist Box 70 WEST MILAN, N.H. ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1361 TELLS HOW FAR YOU WALK The American Pedometer Regulates to Step and Registers Exact Dis- tances; Simple, Accurate, Durable. Indispensable to every lov- er of outdoor sport and es- pecially to ose who love WALKING. Instructive be- cause of value in determining distances: @ mecessary ad- junct to compass and as use- ful to SPORTSMEN. It fur- nishes the true solution of many a disputed question of how far it is to or from vari- ous points. Best of all it is a wonder- ful health promotor because its interest- ing notations afford real incentive for WALKING. Whe- ther you walk for health, business or pleasure--anywhere, everywhere, the AMERICAN Pedo- meter tells the whole story of just how far you have trav- elled. FULLY GUARANTEED One Hundred Mile Pedometer. $3.00 Sold by all Dealers or Direct AMERICAN PEDOMETER COMPANY 902 Chapel St., New Haven, Conn. E. & A. GUNTHER CO. - Toronto, Canada Agents for the Dominion of Canada the saving in cost is considerable. 264 Meadow Street A Country of Fish and Game. Odorless, colorless, clean to use, unaffected by climatic changes, Nyoil positively keeps rust away from firearms and fish- ing tackle and makes itself so generally useful as to become indispensable to the outdoor man. the steady growth of its popularity among sportsmen is due to the Satisfaction obtained from its use. Ask your dealer. Large handy can, 35c postpaid. Trial bottle 15c. Wm. F. Nye, New Bedford, Mass. HAND CAST BULLETS And hand loaded shells are almost invariably used by expert shooters. They give more accurate results than factory loaded ammunition and Write to-day and send us the the name and calibre of your rifle or revolver. IDEAL MANUFACTURING COMPANY NEWFOUNDLAND A Paradise for the Camper and Angler. The country traversed by the Newfoundland Government Railway Commission system is exceedingly rich in all kind of fish and game. All along the route of the Railway are streams famous for their SALMON and TROUT fishing Also Caribou barrens. Americans who have been fishing and hunting in Newfoundland say there is no other country in the world in which so good fishing and hunting can be secured and with such ease as in Newfoundland. Information er with illustrated Booklet and Folder cheerfully forwarded upon application to F. E. Pittman, General Passenger Agt. Newfoundland Government Railway Commission, St.John’s Nfld. The Walter F. Ware Co. Dept. C, Phila., Pa. Makers of the Celebrated Sanito Suspensory No. 50 This Is the 1921 Canuck Model single shot, 22 cal. bolt action rifle Manufactured by The H. W. Cooey Machine & Arms Co. Toronto, Ont. ALL CANADIAN MADE SOLD TO THE)jTRADE BY: Revillon Wholesale, Ltd. Alex. Martin Sporting Gds. Marshall-Wells, Ltd. Morrison-Blackwood, Ltd. Wood, Vallance, Ltd. Wood, Vallance & Adams. Nelson Hardware Co. Western Canada Hardware. McLennan McFellyCo. Caverhill Learmont Ltd. Hudson Bay Co. D. H. Howden Co. J.H. Ashdown. H. S. Howland Sons & Co. Tisdalls, Ltd. Hobb Hdw. Co. Merrick-Anderson. Kennedy Hardware. Miller-Morse, Ltd. Lewis Bros. Marshall-Wells Alberta Co.Rice Lewis & Son. Wood, Vallance & Leggat. Wood, Alexander & James. John Hallam, Limited. Revillon Freres Retailed by All Good General Merchants. New Haven, Conn. Ideal Canoe Trips. ‘\ ° ) NY: Gives you a feeling of real comfort and the assurance of perfect protection while exercising. Opening beneath Patent flap A, Small amount of material be- tween thighs C. Perfectpouch B. Welt- bound webbing. Can be cleaned by boiling without injury torubber. Fits perfectly, Can't rub or chafe. Finest quality elastic webbing. Ask your dealer, and if he will not supply you with MIZPAH JOCK No. 44, send us $7.00 and waist measurement and we will send by mail. FOR SALE, WANT AND EXCHANGE DEPT. BIRDS AND ANIMALS Fox Ranching—Select stock for sale. Correspondence solicited. Literaturefree. Blake Vannatter, Geos Ontario. 1- FOR SALE—Two ferrets, one year_old; 2 year old beagle bitch and pup; 12 gauge gun. Bargain. Leaving forthe West. Arthur Parsons, Beachville, Ont. FOR SALE—Black bear, one year old, tame. Hector Edwards, Carr P. O., Ont. 41T WANTED—Ten pair 1921 bear cubs, the smaller the better, any sex or color. Can also use live snowy Arctic horned and great gray owls. Portage Wild Animal Co., Portage La Prairie, Manitoba. 42T DOGS FOR SALE—Splendid Llewellin, English, Irish, Gordon setter pups and trained dogs, pointers, spaniels and re- trievers in pups and trained dogs. Enclose stamp for description. horoughbred Kennels, Atlantic, fone. TF THE BLUE GRASS FARM KENNELS OF BERRY, KY., offer for sale, Setters and Pointers, Fox and Cat Hounds, Wolf and Deer Hounds, Coon and Opposum Hounds, Varmint and Rabbit Hounds, Bear and Lion Hounds, also Airedale terriers. All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser to judge the quality, satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. Remit American Exchange only. Canadian paper not accepted, as rate of collection is prohibitive. : Eighty-four page highly illustrated, instructive, and in- teresting catalogue for ten cents in coin. 5-TF FOR SALE—Two black and tan fox hound bitches, two years. “ $20.00 each. Fox terrier pups; dogs $10.00, bitches $5.00. J. Alliston, Ontario. Female foxhound pups; mother half bloodhound; great fox, deer, raccoon hunting strain; bargain—five dollars each. English pointer puppies; foxhound pups pedigreed, pure blooded Walker stock from the blood of champions. Get ef Above pups will hunt this fall and winter. Melville Robinson, Kingston, Ontario. WANTED—Bea le bitch, nine months or over; good hunting strain, pedigreed, fifteen inches or over. Price reasonable. Byshe, 384 MacLaren St., Ottawa. 41T WANTED—Foxhounds, six to twelve months old at reasonable price. Elias Chicoine, 38 Girouard St., St. Hyacinth, P. Q. 41T FOR SALE or exchange for pedigreed beagle dog, a Walker strain, imported foxhound, (male) pedigreed and registered with the “National Foxhunter’s Association,” . 5. A.; two years old; black, white and tan color; runs pare, jack rabbit and deer. H. Newlands, 36 cpsig chs alt. & 3 year, male foxhound, 5 year female beagle. Guaran- teed on deer and fox. H. Atkinson, Campbellford, re. 41T —_—_—_————— BOOK ON DOG DISEASES And How to Feed Mailed free to any address by the Author H. CLAY GLOVER, V. S. 118 West 31st Street, New York America’s Pioneer Dog Remedies mittance with order. 41T . Advertisements will be inserted in this Department at 4c. a word. Send re- Cepy should not be later than the 10th of the month. FOR SALE—Black cocker spaniel, house broken, fond of children and partly traiied on rabbits. A snap at $15.00. W. J. Stoddart, Woodville, Ont. 41T FOR SALE—Beagle hound, female, partly broken, 14 _ months, won 4 thirds Brantford, May show. Freeservice, = =~ registered dog, due April. Price $25.00. Send for photos. — xe R. Prime, 18 Port St., Brantford, 41T : Beagles,rabbit hounds, foxhounds, coon, opossum, skunk, squirrel dogs, setters, pointers, bear, deer, wolf hounds. Circular 10c. Brown’s Kennels, York, Pa. 42T~ se cm "3 a PUG DOGS WANTED—Wish to purchase males or females, young stock or grown. Give color, age and price. © Geo. A. Brown, RD. 2, York, Pa. ATES ENGINES AND LAUNCHES. Cylinders ground, new pistons fitted. Makes an auto- — mobile or marine engine like new, send for circular. Guar- — antee Motor Co., Hamilton, Canada. 1-TF FOR SALE—Marine Engines, two cycle, two, three and four cylinder. All new. rite for further particulars stating horse power required, to Box L. ROD AND GUN, Woodstock, Ont. TF FOR SALE—23 ft. Semi-speed launch, beam 4 feet, — 3 inches, finished ready for engine. This is a new launch, ~ now ready for delivery. For further particulars, pt rf write Box F. ROD AND GUN, Woodstock, Ont. FOR SALE—Buffalo 10 h.p., four cylinder,- marine © engine ribet ey with shaft and bronze wheel, 7a magneto wo hundred dollars, f.o.b, Port Rowan or — Port Dover. S. B. Cock, Long Point Light, Port Rowan. Phone 31 R4. 41T GUNS Rifle and revolver ammunitioa loaded to order. Soccel high velocity loads for big game shooting. Reduced loads for small game shooting. Fired shells reloaded. H te f Bros., 69 Coane, St. West, Vancouver, B.C. LWT rs FOR SALE—45 Colt automatic, extra azine and — holster; all brand new. Willship C.0.D. Send permitto ~— urchase same with your letter. $30.00. R.E. Thornton, — Bor 111, Woodstock, N. B. 4 17-5) —- he FACTORY SECRETS on gun rebluing and smokeless powser formula mailed for $1.00. E.J. Simon, Dept. Rg re ane, Wis. ‘ 4 FOR SALE—Colt auto. pistol, .32 Cal., ee used, 8 but in Al condition.“ Box 30, Rod and Gun, Woodstock, —_ Ont. 41 WANTED—.303 Lee Enfield, short barrel model; barrel and action must be in good condition. State price. L. S. Bryson, 33 Fifth Ave., Mt. Dennis, Ont. 41T 32-40 target rifle, Winchester action, set t Wit +. dise head and apertaal chester wind gauge combination, an etek front sight, heavy 30 in. half octagon barrel, Hudson _ bullet mould, bullet seater, powder measure Pe Gun in first class condition, bore in perfect condition. __ Will express it to first party forwarding $35.00 and copy ir of permit to purchase. Bert Hacking, Listowel, oe ae aa —__ _- -—————_ _ on New 256 Newton, with peep sight, cartridges, $90. at ma: or will trade for new 280 Ross, Model 10. George Mawou, Pins Box 52, Creston, B. C. dé 41T ‘' ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1363 FOR SALE—New Remington, model fourteen, ower, slide action hammerless 32 calibre rifle. - New Stevens twelve gauge, double barrel hammerless shot gun $30.00; Savage 32 Automatic revolver, good as new $20.00; Savage model 1904, 22 calibre rifle, good as new, $10.00. George Mawson, Creston, B. C. 42T | __EXCHANGE—New Savage rifle and loading outfit for i high power binoculars. N. A. Meyer, Granby, te high 0.00: FOR SALE—A W. W. Greener shotgun, 12 gauge ejector; full choke; only used a few times, cost $250. _ Must be sold. First reasonable offer_accepted. For particulars write, Mrs. Ruby Sallows, Dunmore, a — _ _FORSALE—25-20S.S. Stevens No. 45, specially selected _ 28 inch No. 2 barrel Sheutzen buttplate, target sights. Perfect condition, $25.00. A. Morris, Dufferin Ave., Sherbrooke, Que. 14 TF BARGAINS—Winchester 32 special, new, with case, 80 factory shells, auxiliary chamber, $40.00. Automatic 7” pistol, Browning, calibre 32 Colt auto, 20 shells, new, vie, $26.00. Remington 22, takedown, octagon barrel, sheard S Sights, 700 long shells, second hand, $20.00. Each & -—«gSuaranteed as stated. Send money order, any distance. _ C. R. Darough, Nelson, B. C 41T oo __ Union pump gun, 12 gauge, excelient condition or would trade for good automatic pistol. C. C. Wheeler, Paris, ; Ont. : 41T ioe Would trade 250 Savage in Al condition, for 33 Win- _. chester half magazine preferred, or Model 1895 carbine - 30.06. E. S. Meiklejohn, Wilkie, Sask. 41T - FOR SALE—8 bore shot gun, 36 inch close shooting, _ full choke barrel, under lever, English make, in good _. condition, sound and reliable, $25.00. Webley target revolver, .455 Cal., 734 inch barrel wind gauge sights, splendid weapon in new condition with holster, $25.00; 25-20 Winchester reloading set with moulds, 150 high velocity cartridges, $10.00. M. Neely, Bellevue, oe aaa OR SALE—Savage 250 lever action, gold bead, Lyman oa leaf, rear peep, new_condition. Price sixty dollars. __ G.R. Halliday, Speers P. O., Sask. , A _ FORSALE—One 9M.M. Luger auto-loading pistol with extra magazine and holster, complete $45.00; also one Smith and Wesson .455 calibre revolver with holster and cleaning rod, $45.00 Apply, Ross. E. Smith, R. R. No. 5, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. 41T __ FOR SALE—22 Savage H. P. rifle, factory sights; in _ faircondition. $25takesit. S. Hutton, Pinkham, per, Pe FOR SALE—New .35 Remington pump in leather _ bound case, 40 cartridges; rifle fired nine times, and in _ factory condition, $55.00. Box 27, ROD AND eee GUN REPAIRING W. A. BROCK We makea specialty of Fine Gun Work Re- stocking, Barrel Boring, Stock-Bendin@, Barrel Browning, etc. z All Work Guaranteed For $50.00. A 10 gauge high grade English hammer gun, top action, genuine damascus barrels 32’, bar locks Deeley and Edge fore-end. Beaut- ifully engraved. Made for J. L. Rawbene of Tor- _ onto. A bargain. BROCK’S The Sporting Goods Store of London, Ont. “33 } OLD MONEY WANTED. We Buy and Sell Old Coins. $2 to $500 each paid for teds of coins dated before 1895. You may have a aluable coin and not know it. Send ten cents for new istra coin value book, 4 x 6. Guaranteed prices . Get posted at once. Clarke Coin Co., Box 134 yao. Y= >+ J 2-3T 5 “ as ” te SOE A SPECIALS Guaranteed Germinable Wild Rice and Wild Celery seed. Write Robert Campbell, Keene, Ontario. 12-TF YOUR FUPURE FORETOLD:—Send dime, birthdate for truthful, reliable convincing trial reading. Hazel Hause, Box 215, Los Angeles, Cal. 32T WANTED—Old catalogues of firearms and Sports- man’s supplies, back files of Sporting Goods Dealer, Arms and the Man, etc., Capt. Hugh Smiley No. 4 Mohonk Lake, Ulster Co., N.Y. 3-3T FOR SALE—35c each—ROD AND GUN covers, mounted on 9 x 11” mat ready for framing and suitable for den or office. ROD AND GUN IN CANADA, Wood- stock, Ont. TF FOREIGN STAMPS. 100 Foreign stamps sent free. Cornish Set Schenectady, N. Y. The August 1915 and March 1919 issues of ROD AND GUN IN CANADA, advertised for in the last issue, have now been received, and we wish to thank our many friends for their kind courtesy in responding so promptly and generously to this request. ROD AND GUN. 41 FOR SALE—Indian spring ‘frame motorcycle, twin 7-H. P., model 1914, in\running order; a specs! bargain at $65 for quick sale; Prestolite tank lamp and combination brackets for same $15; Prestolite tank $10; world famous 22 B.S. A. air rifle, cost $36.25 less than a yearago. $27 takes it, including thousand rounds; 22 Savage repeater model 1909, will have same equipped with new barrel at factory and forwarded upon receipt of $25; American fox hound, 2 years old; fine large dog, snapshot on request, $20. Box 29, ROD AND GUN. 41T WANTED—At once, small second-hand trapper’s, or canoe, silk tent. One, fifteen foot canvas covered canoe, in good condition. Apply. Box 767, Pembroke, Mee United States Government binoculars 6x30 super- luminous, day, night prisms; pupilary adjustment; vision 150 yards at 1000 yards beautiful case, strap and neck strap, $28. Field glasses 3x, 34.75. List different sizes. DuMaurz‘er Company, Elmira, N. Y. rer WANTED-—7 or 8 power binoculars, prismatic. State in what condition and price in first letter. Address to Box 127, Nordegg, Alberta. AAs WILD DUCK ATTRACTIONS. TERRELL’S WILD RICE SEED planted now will attract more ducks next fall. Results GUARANTEED. Write Clyde Terrell, Dept. T. 148, Oshkosh, Wis. 4:15 Reg ae ae sgt Ep AC 7 ha as ee ee SKINS AND CLAWS. WANTED-—Indian relics and beadwork, grizzly bear claws, eagle skins, buckskins. Albert Heath, 444 East 42nd Street, Chicago. 4TF Remington Standard grade twelve gauge hammerless yp action shot gun, $35. George Mawson, Saari xXCE TAXIDERMY AND TANNING pee ere a a WANTED—Scalps and horns of deer, elk, caribou, etc., also dead white owls, horned owls, hawks, etc., sult- able for mounting. M. J. Hofmann, Taxidermist, (90 Gates Ave., Brooklyn, N-Y. FOR SALE—Moose Head, fine ene excellent con- rg Apply Box L., ROD AND GUN, aa nt. EDWIN DIXON. Master Taxidermist. My Sportsman’s Guide and shipping tags free on request. Main Street, Unionville, Ontario, oa A SPLENDID MEDIUM— ess ee Either space or classified advertising in ROD AND GUN IN CANADA is productive of ex- cellent results. Rates on eee Drop a line to W. J. TAYLOR LIMITED, Publisher, Woodstock, Ont. = | “a 1364 RODEAND GUN IN CANADA 5 ( UNS AT REDUCED PRICES GUNS Ha TO CLEAR STOCK ON HAND Bh 3 These guns are all in stock for prompt shipment. Prices will not belower | this year and are offered only while stock lasts. This offering may not appear again. Send orders along at once. ot Mi ns a Soe < ga. Pump guns 5 only Remington 22 automatic, new, . ”’ full choke barrel-brand new, regular ] ice $55.00, Special............ . 39.75 price $69.75, Special. ...cc-ssssserses $54.50 Bie a ria ash 6S, ig : : . . . D E 10 only Remington, 22 Remington special 20 only Remington pump action rifle, T. ” calibre, 24” Sean barrel, Saud dew brand new, choice of 30-32 or 35 cal. regular price $40.00, special ............ $27.50 regular price $68.00, special............ $49.50 — 5 only Winchester 38-55, 26” round barrel, 10 only Winchester 32 special 26’ octagon _ brand new, regular $46.75, special $36.50 barrels new, regular $56.50, $30.25 > Tah, 5 och ctisviv at councbat conulavalshesl oman i 5 only Winchester 30-30, 26” round barrel PS ‘ : , F at des 3 2 3 only Winchester self loading 401 cal. Pee RORIAL S20-19, MPOCIA: aio $38.75 new, regular $79.90. special..........-. $57.75 | 5 only W inchester 30-30, 20’ Carbine, new, 5 only 303 Savage, 26” round barrel, new, regular price $48.50, special............ $36.50 regular $64.40, special...............0 $48.50 We have cartridges for all of the above rifles at equally low prices. , | ee To comply with the new Dominion Law, get a permit from your local Chief of Police and send to us with your order. «ore | ae 50 only Used Shot Guns and Rifles in Various Calibres and Makes at Consistent Prices. _ |} SEND FOR SPECIAL LIST. i : TENTS New Prices on Wall Tents. 100 only 10 x 12, 7 ft. 6 inch. high, 3 ft. wall, 2 . 8 ounce duck, M@W..........22....cecseerseeseee $21.00 4 <7 50 only 7x 9, 7 ft. high, 3 ft. wall, 8 ounce GuigK, NOW22 7 ii5.s¢0acivtee Metre, elie $15.00 10 only Army bell tents, 12 oz. duck, used but in good serviceable condition, complete, IGS cxssicss peta rchedineg th fedata eotarankatianl $25.00 THE D. P 123 KING ST. E., TORONTO : } q . ‘d wo PR ae A MOTOR BOAT THAT WILL GO ANY PLACE YOU CAN ROW K UNIVERSAL. KNUCKLE ~ PROTECTING SKES _ = —————— Any obstruction, such as submerged logs, driftwood,rocks, reefs, sandbars, etc., that hits the Skeg (see illustration above) automatically raises the Propeller and Shaft into the Propeller Housing. Skeg making continuation of keelson, at the same time throttling the engine from racing. All Disappearing Propeller Boats are equipped witha patented device giving them numerous advantages over all other boats among them being: i! iFune of lever automatically controls speed of engine and doat. 2. Any speed from slightest forward movement to 9 144 miles per hour. 3. Increase of from 2 to 24% miles per hour over rear-driven propeller. 4. One pull of control lever gives as clean a keelson as skiff. 5. Automatic propeller protection. 6. Propeller mid-ship stabilizes as centre board to sailboat. 7. Can remove propeller while sitting in boat. 8. Vibration eliminated. 9. Steers from all parts of boat. 10. Boat always on even keel. 11. Propeller at all times thoroughly submerged. 12. Engine and device so placed no available room lost. 13. Lever up, boat stands still, automatically throttling engine, making one way clutch. 14. Can be pulled out on beach or dock same as a rowboat. 15. So simple of operation a child can run it. Standard equipment includes Silent Dis-Pro. High Speed Marine Engine, Maxim Silencer and one pair select Oars. Dis-Pro Starter There has been specially designed for the Disappearing Pro- peller Boat a wonderful little starter that costs nothing to operate, and that will start your engine with a slight pressure of the foot, and so designed that all danger from a possible back-fire is en- tirely eliminated. The control board, being in centre of the boat you simply stay in one place and, !ike the driver of a car, you have every appliance for the operation of your boat right at thand. This enables you to have your engine nicely encased, nese adding to the appearance and the cleanliness of your oat If you want an all round, absolutely safe and easily handled run-a-bout boat, approximate speed 9 to 94 miles per hour, and 25 miles per gallon of gasoline, we advise placing your order NOW and assure you prompt delivery. Orders are now being accepted for 1921 Spring Delivery. A deposit of $50.00 secures your boat crated ready for shipment until July 15th. Send for Fully Descriptive Literature Showing Boats and Engines in Actual Colors. Largest Motor Boat Builders in Canada Head Office and Show Rooms—92 KING STREET W., TORONTO, CAN. U. S. A. Offices—725 Main Street, Buffalo, N. Y. j = ay j : 2 REVOLVERend PI stole CARTEDGES Remington UMC Metallic Cartridges guar- antee complete shooting satisfaction from the big game calibres down to the .22’s The shooter, either in the open or on the target range, knows the vital importance of choosing his cartridges with care. The guarantee printed upon the Red Ball Label has back of it an experience of over fifty years in cartridge manufacture. _Sports- men by the thousands, who call for Reming- ton UMC, will take no other brand. The Dealer who shows the Red Bill of Remington UMC 1s a good man te deal with.