Regional Oral History Office University of California The Bancroft Library Berkeley, California California Horticulture Oral History Series Edward S. Carman PACIFIC COAST NURSERYMAN, AWARD-WINNING HORTICULTURALIST, AND HISTORIAN With an Introduction by Angel Guerzon Interviews Conducted by Suzanne B. Riess in 1997 Copyright © 1998 by The Regents of the University of California Since 1954 the Regional Oral History Office has been interviewing leading participants in or well-placed witnesses to major events in the development of Northern California, the West, and the Nation. Oral history is a method of collecting historical information through tape-recorded interviews between a narrator with firsthand knowledge of historically significant events and a well- informed interviewer, with the goal of preserving substantive additions to the historical record. The tape recording is transcribed, lightly edited for continuity and clarity, and reviewed by the interviewee. The corrected manuscript is indexed, bound with photographs and illustrative materials, and placed in The Bancroft Library at the University of California, Berkeley, and in other research collections for scholarly use. Because it is primary material, oral history is not intended to present the final, verified, or complete narrative of events. It is a spoken account, offered by the interviewee in response to questioning, and as such it is reflective, partisan, deeply involved, and irreplaceable. ************************************ All uses of this manuscript are covered by a legal agreement between The Regents of the University of California and Edward S. Carman dated March 21, 1997. The manuscript is thereby made available for research purposes. All literary rights in the manuscript, including the right to publish, are reserved to The Bancroft Library of the University of California, Berkeley and to the Sierra Club. No part of the manuscript may be quoted for publication without the written permission of the Director of The Bancroft Library of the University of California, Berkeley. Requests for permission to quote for publication should be addressed to the Regional Oral History Office, 486 Library, University of California, Berkeley 94720, and should include identification of the specific passages to be quoted, anticipated use of the passages, and identification of the user. The legal agreement with Edward S. Carman requires that he be notified of the request and allowed thirty days in which to respond. It is recommended that this oral history be cited as follows: Edward S. Carman, "Pacific Coast Nurseryman, Award-Winning Horticulturalist, and Historian," an oral history conducted in 1997 by Suzanne B. Riess, Regional Oral History Office, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley, 1998. Copy no. Ed Carman, photographed in his nursery by Suzanne B. Riess, 1997. 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(b. 1922) Nurseryman Pacific Coast Nurseryman, Award-Winning Horticulturist, and Historian, 1998, vi, 195 pp. Carman history in the Los Gatos area, founding Carman's Nursery in 1937; Peninsula nursery history, businesses, impact of WWII; Ed and Jean Carman's nursery since 1946, the role of the family; successful introduction of the kiwi vine from New Zealand, 1968: Trevor Davies, shipping arrangements, the market, other imports, Rhodohypoxis ; travel, photography, and English connections; wisteria, and Toichi Domoto; Victor Reiter and other northern California plantsmen, plant propagators; horticultural society affiliations: American Rock Garden Society, Western Horticultural Society, California Horticultural Society, Saratoga Horticultural Foundation, and others; California Association of Nurserymen, awards and honors; active role in Los Gatos community; aspects of running a thriving nursery business and plant inventory. Introduction by Angel Guerzon, UC Santa Cruz Arboretum. Interviewed 1997 by Suzanne B. Riess for the California Horticulture Oral History Series. Regional Oral History Office, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Bancroft Library, on behalf of future researchers, wishes to thank the following persons and organizations whose contributions made possible this oral history of Ed Carman. American Rock Garden Society, Western Chapter California Association of Nurserymen, Peninsula Chapter Western Horticultural Society Toichi Domoto Horticultural Oral History Fund Wayne Roderick TABLE OF CONTENTS--Edward S. Carman INTRODUCTION by Angel Guerzon i INTERVIEW HISTORY ±±± BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION vi I CARMAN FAMILY HISTORY, LOS GATOS AND EARLIER 1 II CARMAN'S NURSERY, 1937-WARTIME Peninsula Nursery History 6 Wartime, Tomatoes 8 Cans, Pots, Stone Sinks 10 Advisors, Organizations, Customers 12 III ED'S MOTHER, AND ED'S EDUCATION 15 Childhood Memories of Hayward 16 Lexington School, and Time out for Fishing 17 Los Gatos High School 20 IV WORLD WAR II 80th Division Headquarters 22 Photographing War's Destruction 24 V CARMAN'S NURSERY, 1946-1970 In Boom Times, and Since 27 Specialization, Kiwi Vines 31 Fungicides, Labor 33 Ethnicity in the Nursery Business 35 C.A.N. 37 VI KIWI AND OTHER INTRODUCTIONS 41 Trevor Davies, New Zealand 41 Shipping Arrangements 44 Creating a Market 45 First Kiwi Shipment, 1968 47 Into Production, 1970s 51 A Trip to New Zealand in 1972, and Returning with Rhodohypoxis 55 Other Imports 58 English Connections, and Further Afield, 1975 61 VII THOUGHTS ON SEVERAL SUBJECTS Plantsmen and Businessmen 66 The Unusual, Micropropagation, "Disposability" 68 Catalogs, Perennials, Cycles 69 Wisteria Mysteries 71 VIII HORTICULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS, AND PEOPLE Western Horticultural Society 78 Times Change 80 Promoting New Plant Materials 81 Saratoga Horticultural Foundation 83 UC Davis 85 Cal Hort, Awards, Journal 87 Lester Hawkins 89 Rock Garden Society, Bonsai 90 Kiwi Growers' Association, and Photographing Plants 93 Royal Horticultural Society, and English Gardens 95 Saratoga Horticultural Foundation Directors 96 International Plant Propagators Society 98 Santa Cruz Arboretum 98 Alpine Garden Society 100 The Herb Society, the NCCP in England, Gene Pools 102 A Review of the Route from Grower to Retailer 103 Conserving Gardens 106 Victor Reiter 107 "You Can't Control Things After You're Gone" 109 IX THE VIEW FROM LOS GATOS Jean Carman 111 Staying on in Los Gatos 112 The Other Fellows in the Business 114 The Vanishing Experts 115 Community Volunteer Since 1946 116 School Board 118 Moving Houses Around 119 More on Writing the Peninsula C.A.N. History 121 The Future of Small Nurseries 122 Continuous Arrival of New Plants 123 "Choose Horticulture"? 124 Victor Reiter 's Rule of Three 126 Fanatics and Novices 127 X WALKING THROUGH THE NURSERY WITH ED CARMAN 129 TAPE GUIDE 142 APPENDIX A Biographical sheet provided by Ed Carman 143 B "Carman's Nursery", by Marshall Olbrich, Pacific Horticulture, Winter 1991 148 C "Perennials for Western Gardens", by Ed Carman, Pacific Horticulture, Summer 1994 152 D "Ed Carman's award caps 49 years in nursery trade", by Joan Jackson, San Jose Mercury News, September 21, 1995 156 E "The First 25 Years, 1950-1975," by Charles Burr, Peninsula Chapter, California Association of Nurserymen 158 F "2nd Time Around, 1950-1986," by Charles Burr, Peninsula Chapter, California Association of Nurserymen 171 HORTICULTURE, BOTANY, AND LANDSCAPE DESIGN ORAL HISTORY SERIES LIST 188 INDEX 192 INTRODUCTION by Angel Guerzon I first encountered Ed Carman sometime in the late sixties while I was at San Jose State. I was looking for an elusive herb requested by the mother of a close friend. An acquaintance working the reference desk at the college library suggested that I try Carman's Nursery in Campbell. I remember walking in out of the parking lot, and the first thing I saw was a small table holding some little pots of Armeria maritima, Arabis sturri and Erodium reichardii. I asked a very serious man if he had any comfrey, and he showed me where and what it was. I bought a plant and left. Mrs. Blake was very pleased to get it. But I was doomed. I went back the following week and bought some of those little plants on the table. I went to Carman's almost once a week thereafter. Eventually I got to know Ed Carman better. He was and still is a quiet, reserved and shrewd man. He is an observant and assessing individual who prefers not to waste his time and attention on anything he deems unimportant. What is important to Ed are his wife, Jean, their three children and his plants. Ed has become legendary amongst his customers for not selling plants to them. Here and there (often but not always near the NOT FOR SALE sign) are some one and onlys, perhaps the last of a batch needed to reproduce the next crop, or some pet plant that hasn't yet rooted permanently into the ground. The potential purchaser elated by finding such an uncommon gem has their bubble burst at the cash register. But if Ed jealously guards some of his rare treasures, he is also generous with the plants he has worked hard to introduce into the nursery trade. About twenty years ago I asked him if I could purchase his kiwi plants to sell at a small garden center I managed in Gilroy. At the time Ed's nursery was the only place I knew of where kiwis were available outside of mail order catalogs. Ed consented and some people in the Gilroy area became very happy. Another time after Otatea acuminata aztecorum (Mexican weeping bamboo) had bloomed and died I was asked to pick up a flat of seedlings to give to fellow nurseryman, Mike Smith, owner of Wintergreen Nursery. Ed really is more than willing to share his horticultural wealth. He is an active member of his chapter of the California Association of Nurserymen, volunteering both his time and effort. I would see him working at the NorCal Trade show in San Mateo nearly every year. He is also active in the Western Horticultural Society, again donating his time. He would phone me on Western Hort's behalf to sell the organization's publications. He would regularly go to the monthly meetings of the California Horticultural Society in San Francisco and often display some wonderful new plant (s) that he was growing. ii In the 1991 winter issue of Pacific Horticulture magazine, Marshall Olbrich wrote an article about Ed and his nursery. Marshall and his partner and bete noire, Lester Hawkins, were the creators of Western Hills, the horticultural heaven in Sonoma County. Marshall was a cynical and bitter man with the broken heart of a romantic. Yet with all that spite and spleen he was kind, generous and honest, although he was more honest behind one's back. In his article, being aware of his own limitations, he offered in contrast a list of the "Saints" of horticulture: Nova Leach, Ray and Rose Williams, Gerda Isenberg, and Ed and Jean Carman. These were and are unpretentious people quietly fulfilling their mission in life, all possessed with the passion for plants and passing it along to others. (Of course Marshall was and will always be a patron saint of horticulture to most of us.) Any mention of Ed would not be complete without a word about Jean. They are incomplete without each other. They complement each other perfectly. Jean is irrepressibly cheerful and optimistic in contrast to the more austere Ed. In the face of chronic health problems Jean perseveres and manages to enjoy life and look forward to each day. Ed once made a rock garden in front of his home. I remember at least a couple of Raoulia species, maybe some tiny-leaved matting thymes and some mounding member of the caryophyllaceae. It was extremely spare, subtle, elegant and evocative of something far larger. There was an understated Zen- like element to it. But it also suggested the bare windswept Scottish moors of the movies and National Geographic magazine. I never asked Ed what inspired it. I just believe it is an expression of who and what he is . Angel Guerzon Horticultural Consultant San Lorenzo Garden Center April 27, 1998 Santa Cruz, California ill INTERVIEW HISTORY- -Edward S. Carman The evidence, from all the awards and testimonies, is that Ed Carman is the nurseryman's nurseryman. But that is not to say he is solely a nurseryman. He is also in the best sense a joiner and a doer in the larger horticultural world, and his acquaintance in that world is wide. It was not until 1996 that the Regional Oral History Office asked him to consider doing an oral memoir- -he seemed too young to be reminiscing- -but long before that he had been recommended for an oral history by friends and peers. Predecessor interviewees in the office's California Horticulture Oral History series, as well as old friends from the garden world, were happy to learn that we were taping Ed's story. To the extent that it's an honor to be interviewed for The Bancroft Library, Ed's world wanted to see Ed honored for what he has done for his profession, and because as a nurseryman he has been exceptionally generous in the rare and best tradition of sharing what he has created. Ed Carman earns the natural appellation of nurseryman, but in him that is redefined to mean pillar of the community, organization man, teacher, mentor, family man. In all these roles he gives as fully as he can. Probably he would think it grandiose to say that the "nursery" he is tending is humanity, but to walk through the Carman nursery, out behind the house Ed and his wife Jean share in Los Gatos, and to see with what indulgent understanding he bestows a touch on his little plants, rescues the straggler from suffocating weeds, one can easily imagine what it was like to be a daughter, or a Boy Scout, or a young member of the profession coming to Ed for advice. I first met Ed when I was raising funds to do an oral history memoir with Hayward nurseryman Toichi Domoto. They are friends and peers--Ed co-chaired the Committee for the Domoto Oral History. Oral history meshed, for Ed, with his project to document nursery history on the Peninsula, a subject he discusses in the following interviews. How the many start-up nurseries served the burgeoning post-war Peninsula population, from what different backgrounds their owners and operators came, and which nurseries survived and made significant contributions to the diversity of materials available, these are topics that engage Ed. As well as compiling Peninsula nursery history, Ed has an ear for the history of the world in which he and his family have become "old family," and the interviews are rich in Los Gatos recollections. Having described the wide scope of Ed's interests, it is necessary to make clear for the reader the relatively modest style of the operation that is Ed's nursery. In the San Francisco Chronicle, August 23, 1995, there was an article, including information on location and hours, on Peninsula "horticultural hot spots". They included Filoli, "a Georgian- style mansion surrounded by sixteen acres of formal gardens," the Elizabeth S. Gamble Garden Center, "an old-fashioned Edwardian garden iv filled with roses, wisteria, and cherry trees," seven other nurseries and gardens, and Ed Carman's Nursery. Here is the description of Carman's Nursery: "In nearby Los Gatos is Carman's Nursery. This backyard nursery, started in 1937, has been in business here for twenty-five years, attracting collectors looking for something different in perennials, grasses, vines and rock garden plants. "It's a great place to get plants with dramatic leaves--gunneras, rodgersias, tetrapanax, and a host of hostas and hellebores. Here you'll find Iris pallida, with white striped leaves, variegated ivy and variegated hydrangeas. "Here are one-gallon blooming lapagerias, Chilean vines with big waxy bells in white, rose and carmine that are rarely seen outside of botanical gardens. There is also a connoisseur's collection of named wisteria, including W. longisslma, with four- foot racemes of blue flowers, a double- flowered lavender one propagated from plants at Filoli, and the large-flowered, white W. venusta. "But this is a nursery that demands the patience of a treasure- seeker, since plants are not arranged in any order and most are unlabeled. Fortunately, proprietor Ed Carman and his daughter Nancy are on site and happy to help out with names, provenance and information on plant care. Does this "backyard nursery" sound like Orchard Supply, or Home Depot, or whatever other generic nursery has cropped up in the local mall? Far from it. Yet it is places like Carman's Nursery, and Domoto's in Hayward, that make the Filolis possible. They are the "hot spots" for the knowledgeable garden-lovers, and men like Ed and Toichi friends of the heart and suppliers to the great gardeners and landscape architects, all of which is to say that the rewards are more than monetary. To be monetarily rewarded in the nursery business usually means more business than nursery. Yet for Ed Carman there are the rewards of plant propagation, hybridization, and bringing the remarkable new creation to gatherings like the California Horticultural Society, and winning the Cultural Award, or the Award of Merit. In 1978 Ed received Cal Hort's Special Award for the "knowledge, skill and dedication [he brings] to the introduction, propagation and distribution of unusual plants. His nursery in Los Gatos, California, is Mecca for adventurous gardeners in search of rare and beautiful plants." Mecca in Los Gatos-- the horticultural world has a tremendous reach, as Ed makes clear when he talks about the trips that he and Jean have taken, visits to countries that have old and interesting cultures and important museums, but most of all for Ed, countries that have fellow plantsmen, nurserymen who will drop everything to walk through their gardens or their growing grounds to share that excitement, and that culture, with a knowledgeable peer. Ed Carman and I began interviewing in March 1997, and we quickly established a pleasant Monday pattern for the four interview sessions. We sat at the dining room table of the Carman house in Los Gatos. There was a hum of life in the background: a sister would stop by, Ed's wife Jean would look in, daughter Nancy might interrupt in order to satisfy a customer's question. After two hours of interviewing we would adjourn to the kitchen where the very adept Ed would quickly assemble a lunch for Jean, himself, Nancy--the daughter working at the nursery—and myself. Lunch had several basic components: peanut butter, jelly, homemade bread, cheese, leftovers from the weekend's fare, and an interesting preserve or concoction made by Jean. It's tempting to romanticize the Carman's Nursery experience, because I found there a family working well together, and a man who is the matrix of his various communities. But then Ed would walk me out to the car when lunch was over, and I would murmur some admiring comment about kiwi vines strung out along the drive- -"an awful lot of pruning" -- and I would hark to the charming chatter of the mockingbirds--"they ' 11 drive you crazy, they're at it morning, noon and night "--and I would inquire into the elements of the rock garden- -"haven't had time for that." In other words, I had to be reminded that while I revelled in the richness of the "scene," it was just plain a lot of work to sustain. When it came to editing the oral history, Ed read the transcript as I had edited it, but he didn't make changes, except where I asked him to clarify a few names. Any such fussing wouldn't be how he would spend his time, and I appreciated that Ed was taking time from the nursery, in doing the oral history. It was spring when we interviewed, he had been in the nursery for hours before I arrived, everything was growing—out there the fussing was necessary. As with Domoto's nursery, the Carman nursery is a one-man show the likes of which won't be seen again. I hope this oral history, and the fine appreciative introduction by horticultural consultant Angel Guerzon, give some feeling of the man, the time and the place. Other Regional Oral History Office interviews in horticulture, botany, and landscape design, are listed at the end of this volume. The Regional Oral History Office, a division of The Bancroft Library, was established in 1954 to record the lives of persons who have contributed significantly to the history of California and the West. Suzanne B. Riess, Senior Editor Regional Oral History Office May 10, 1998 Berkeley, California vi Regional Oral History Office Room 486 The Bancroft Library University of California Berkeley, California 94720 BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION (Please write clearly. Use black ink.) Your full name Date of birth 2(p / ED CARMAN 16201 E. MOZART AVE. LOS GATOS, CALIF. B3032. Ed Carman APPENDIX A 16201 E Mozart Ave Los Gatos Calif 95032 1922 Born 28 June 1922, Los Gatos, Calif 1937 Graduate 8th Grade Lexington School, Alma, Calif 1941 Graduate Los Gatos High School, Senior Class President 1943 - 1941 San Jose State College 1944 Married Eleanor Jean Campbell, San Jose Calif 1946 - 1943 80th Infantry Division, Third Army, ETO 1946 Entered Nursery business with father, Hugh Carman Bascom Ave and Union Ave Children: Three daughters, Patricia, Diane, Nancy 1970 Moved nursery and house to present location at 16201 E Mozart Ave 144 ED CARMAN I«OI E. MOZART AVE LOS GATOS. CALIF. 83O32 California Horticultural Society 1997 - 1973 Member Calif. Hort Society Awards Committee Chairman, Calif. Hort Society Executive Council Member, Calif Hort Society Calif Hort Society 'Annual Award for Contributions to Horticulture in California' 1993 - 1984 1987 - 1984 1978 Western Horticultural Society Charter member WHS President Board of Directors President " " Vice-President Board of Directors Plant Discussion Chairman Board of Directors - 1963 Charter Member, Board of Directors 1997 - 1963 1996 - 1995 1995 - 1994 1994 - 1993 1997 - 1987 1983 - 1980 1966 - 1963 1994 - 1986 1993 1988 - 1894 - 1976 - 1973 - 1963 1972 1967 1963 1964 Advisory Committee, Central County Occupational Center, Landscape Nursery Program Toichi Domoto Oral History, Co-Chair Funding Comm. Saratoga Hort Board of Directors(President two terms) Advisory Comm. Ornamental Hort, San Jose Metro. Judge, San Mateo County Fair Instructor 'Garden Maintenance &. Landscaping for Homeowners' San Jose Metro Adult Ed. Designated Subjects Teaching Credential - Life 1971 - 1958 1970 1960 1959 1951 - 1946 - 1946 - 1946 Board of Trustees, Cambrian School District, Chairman three terms Cambrian Men's Club, Secretary 15 years. Volunteer Fireman, Santa Clara County Central Fire District. Scoutmaster, Troop #34, Cambrian Assistant Scoutmaster, World Jamboree, Irvine, Calif, 145 Peninsula Chapter California Association of Nurserymen ED CARMAN 16201 E. MOZART AVE. LOS GATOS. CALIF. 9SO»i 1997 1997 1997 1950 1989 1990 1992 1992 1988 1986 1983 - 1982 1975 1974 - 1972 1972 - 1971 1971 - 1967 1967 - 1965 1964 - 1963 1963 - 1962 1962 - 1961 Charter member Board of Directors Chair. Chapter Awards Comm Pacific Coast Nurseryman Award Chair. Comm to distribute 'Choose Horticulture Video1 to all high school in Santa Clara County Chair. Comm to install 'Charles Burr Memorial' at San Jose Mercury. Recipient, Outstanding Achievement Award' Recipient, 'Chapter Nursery Service Award' Co-Chair, Strybing Arboretum Demo Garden replant project Treasurer Recipient, 'Award for Continued Dedicated Service 25 yrs State Director President, Board of Directors Treasurer State Director President, Board of Directors Vice-Pres, Board of Directors Board of Directors Horticultural Organizations 1997 - 1991 1997 - 1980 1997 - 1980 1997 - 1979 1997 - 1976 1997 - 1976 1997 - 1976 1997 - 1973 The Garden Conservancy, Charter Member The Herb Society of America, Western Region Honorary Life Member The Scottish Rock Garden Club Alpine Garden Society - England U.C. Santa Cruz Arboretum, Charter Member Life Member 1990 International Plant Propagators Society The Royal Hortcultural Society - England American Rock Garden Society ED CARMAN 16201 E. MOZART AVE. LOS GATO3. CALIF. 85O3Z Publications 1990 ' The Pacific Horticulture Book of Western Gardening' Pg 226 - Perennial Plants, Planning, Preparation and Choice. 1989 'Successful Perennials for the Peninsula' Western Horticultural Society, Palo Alto pg 35, 53, 72, 78, 86, 99. 1989 'Old, New, Unusual: Without Hormones, Heat or Mist' IPPS Combined Proceedings Vol 39, Pg 93. 1987 American Nurseryman - Field Notes Pg 162, January 15th, 'Dyraondia margaretae' 1986 'Propagation of Flowering Plants of Metrosiderous carminea' The Plant Propagator IPPS, Vol 32, No. 1, Pg 6 1980 'Propagation of Actinidia chinensis by Hardwood cuttings' The Plant Propagator, Vol 26, No. 4, Pg 14. 1974 Consultant - Sunset book - 'Ideas for Hanging Gardens' 1972 Consultant - Sunset book - 'How to grow Herbs' Photo Publications 1993 'Annuals for the Praries', Edgar W. Toop University of Alberta, Canada Pg 53, 65, 72, 115. 1992 The Herb Companion, Feb/Mar Pg 24, 25, 26. 1987 American Nurseryman -Field Notes 'Dymondia margaretae' Pg 162, January 15 1980 Pacific Horticulture Vol 41, No. 4, Winter 1980-81 'Physalis peruviana' - Front Cover 1979 Sunset New Western Garden Book Rock Garden - Pg 116 1A7 ED CARMAN 16201 E. MOZART AVE. LOS GATOS. CALIF. >SO>Z England England Plant Imports 1993 Wisteria 3 named varieties 1993 Wisteria 1 named Canada 1992 Rhodohypoxis 12 named varieties 1986 Daphne jasminea England 1979 Coprosraa kirkii variegated New Zealand 1978 Epacris longiflora New Zealand 1977 Hypericum aegypticum England 1976 Dymondia margaretae South Africa 1973 Rhodohypoxis 10 varieties New Zealand 1973 Cupressus s. "Swains Golden1 New Zealand 1970 Lobelia 'Kathleen Mallard' Re-introduction 1968 Coprosma r. 'x Coppershine' New Zealand 1968 Actinidia chinensis (deliciosa) Bruno, Hayward, Monty females, 1 male form, New Zealand 1966 Coprosma prostrata New Zealand New Zealand ! 1 * I f. 148 from Pacific Horticulture. Winter 1991. Carman's Nursery MARSHALL OLBRICH Marshall Olbrich sent this article to Pacific Horticulture about hm u-eeks before his sudden death in July In the accompanying letter he said of Erf Carman: "He is a connoisetir's nurseryman. He is the one who has the blue ginger or Russellia equisetiformis listen yon can't find it." A few years ago, writing an obituary for plantswoman Nova Leach of Stockton, I used with full feeling the expression "a saint of horticulture." This is not a phrase lightly used, and it came to me first, and surely to others, in reflecting on those arch saints of horticulture, Ray and Rose Williams of Watsonville. To be a saint one properly should have passed to one's reward and have one's miracles attested. Also, though one is allowed, in Baron von Hugel's phrase, minor sins of accident and surprise, one must have a single-minded devotion to plants. With Ray Williams the miracle is there to see: his last great work, the grounds of Gavilan College in Gilroy, which surely will be recognized as the most important pioneer dry garden in California (I can use that absurd neologism "xerophytic" no more than I can use the redundant "plant material"). Beatifica tion can happen only to those who, in St Cyril's phrasing, have fallen asleep before us, but in warmth of feeling we can allow our selves the appellation "living saint" or "living proto-saint" (or up and down the scale) for Gerda Isenberg, celebrating her ninetieth birth day, for Rose Williams, and for Ed and Jean Carman. Plantsmen can be adventurous, like Forrest, Fortune, Wilson, Douglas, Rock, Comber, the present-day Archibalds, and the rest of those at this moment vigorously extending our gar den world. They can be chroniclers, like the great W.J. Bean, Liberty Hyde Bailey, Ernest Lord of that magical, early Shrubs and Trees for Australian Gardens, or the mysterious W. Arnold-Foster, who wrote the classic of das- 8 / Pacific Horticulture 149 sics, Shrubs for the Milder Counties. Plantsmen can be conservators, like the directors of Kew and Wisley, Eric Walther of San Francisco's Strybing Arboretum, Lawrence Johnston at Hidcote, Vita Sackville-West at Sissinghurst, or that buccaneer-plantsman, the late Don Stry- ker on the coast of Oregon. Finally, they can be those whose gift to us is to make plants availa ble: those nurseries of the past— Veitch, Vilmorin, Robinson's Hardy Plants; and those of the present— Hillier's, Paul Picton, Elizabeth Strangman of Washfield, Don Mann of the Forge Nursery, A.C. Leslie and Joe Sharman of the newest and brightest Monksilver Nursery, Beth Chatto and all too many others in England; Eschmann of Emmen in Switzerland; and Forest Fam, We-Du, Canyon Creek, The Woodlanders, Montrose, the new Herons- wood Nursery, and too many others to men tion in this country. Here belongs Ed Carman and also what I shall describe as the myth of Ed Carman. Unlike our explorers, his adventures have been mainly with the plants, growing up in his father's nursery on Bascom Avenue, a rather tinny street in greater San Jose, and moving a few blocks away to the pleasantly named Mozart Avenue, a quiet residential street where he and wife Jean guard their treasures. More than thirty years ago, when Lester Hawkins and I started our garden, we visited Carman's nursery, then at the old location. Like a snake shedding its skin, there were vestiges of the old— sacks of manure and peat moss, junipers and leptospermums. But the new creature was emerging: a block of plants —I have forgotten whether epimediums or hel lebores, but definitely not to be found at the supermarket— were roped off with criss crossed ribbons and "sold" tags. "Oh, what a sale!" I thought, and then realized they hadn't been sold at all but were being kept as stock plants. The situation has not changed in all the subsequent years. Carman's Nursery / 9 150 Ed is, perhaps, the finest plantsman of us all, but there is a special puzzlement and charm to his nursery. First, like any truly inno vative nurseryman, such as Don Stryker of Langlois, Oregon, where one parted the weeds to see the rare black daphne (Daphne x houtteana), which Brian Mathew thought extinct at the time; or Paul Hutchison of Escon- dido's Tropic Wforld, or Bernard Acquistapace, Darylly Combs, and Mark Bartholomew in Santa Barbara, the present-day mecca for plant buyers; in short, like anyone introducing and growing his own plants, Ed has too much to do. So the unknowing outsider, seeing weeds in the far forty perennial area, will find, as he approaches the throbbing heart of the enter prise—the propagating house and associated tables— that disorder progresses to an almost crystalline neatness. But my myth is not through. Any nursery man growing his own plants, which often are to be found nowhere else, ferociously and with his life protects his stock. The sneaky, knowl edgeable buyer, drawn by forces beyond his control, inevitably goes to the new and rare, whereupon, like Albrich protecting the trea sure against Siegfried, a head pops up and a voice thunders "You can't have it!" As a small nurseryman in much the same position, I went a different way, hiring assist ance in the form of a splendid nursery and garden staff. But means outgrow ends in this bad world, so while I still have the weeds, I feel 1 have lost some of the charm that Ed and Jean's totally deliberate and self-conscious determination to stay small has enabled them to retain. Finally, I mention another topic— that nur seryman's ailment that dares not say its name. This is the inevitable paranoia a person feels, when he has gone to some trouble to intro duce and prove the value of a plant, upon seeing his child, seduced by a popsicle, wan dering off to other growers. As Beth Chatto, who had just returned from Germany, exclaimed: "But all I saw were my plants!" I honestly believe that Ed and Jean, like Ray and Rose Williams, have never been troubled by such thoughts. As a less nice person, I can think impure thoughts for them. I have always Marshall Olbrich thought that they got far too little credit for their introductions and contributions to our gardening. As an example (which I remember because my devil-tempted soul would have frothed at the mouth), through their friendship with Trevor Davies of the famous New Zealand nursery, Ed and Jean have given us many new plants from that part of the world, including the shiny, brownish green Coprosma 'Coppershine'. Like Beth Chatto 's plants, this was surely Ed's plant, and yet, when another person exhibited it and received an award at the California Horticultural Society's annual dinner, I recall no credit given. Dymondia margaretae, Erigewn karvinskianus 'Moerheimii', Helichrysum argyrophyllum, eleven cultivars of Rhodohypoxis . . . there is little point in going down the long list of their intro ductions here. This is what we owe, and for this we give thanks. ^ 10 / Pacific Horticulture 151 Marshall Olbrich, 1920-1991 In 1941 Marshall Olbrich came to California from Wisconsin to do graduate work in philoso phy at the University of California, Berkeley, and, after nearly twenty academic and urban years in San Francisco, he and his partner Les ter Hawkins did what virtually everybody in those days talked about. They moved to the country, built a house with their own hands, and started a garden. Western Hills, the idiosyncratic and distin guished garden they created in Occidental, about sixty miles north of San Francisco, is a romantic paradise and a tremendous plant col lection, a demonstration of the best sort of plantings for this area and a nursery, developed by Marshall, of good and rare plants. As the garden evolved, through drought and deluge and devastating frost, Marshall Olbrich became one of the foremost plantsmen of this country. He had a world-wide correspondence with other gardeners and plant enthusiasts and col lected plants and seeds from everywhere. He grew plants from every Mediterranean climate and dispersed them with an eye for excellence and usefulness and, for a nurseryman, a lunatic generosity. He was a major figure in the Califor nia Horticultural Society, exhibiting plants and serving as its president as well as writing (all too little) for this and other horticultural publica tions. With his discriminating plantsmanship and enthusiasm for the best plants, he was an irreplaceable resource to his peers and to innu merable younger gardeners. All this only partially accounts for the feeling of loss 1 have, despite his having arranged that the nursery and garden at Western Hills con tinue, because, in my mind, Marshall Olbrich was an American aristocrat, an example of the best sort of person our country produces, and because for me, and a lot of others, Western Hills was more than just the finest garden in California or an unparalleled source of satisfac tion for our horticultural needs and greeds. What Marshall and Lester created in their three acres of rare plants was a focus of activity in horticulture and the art of garden design, a haven of rational discourse and good garden talk supported by extremely hard work. I met Marshal] somewhere in the middle of the garden's thirty-year growth into the unoffi cial status of living national treasure, a reputa tion that he viewed with amused resignation, and I think my experience was shared by many others. The "family" that lived and worked at Western Hills and the group of friends that gathered there accepted an obsessive interest in plants and gardening as normal. Our common fascination with plants was the starting point for an endless conversation that covered every subject. Somehow, without pompousness or pretension, it was assumed that art and ideas were important and that what we were doing was significant, that conventionality was less important than human consideration, that rea son and imagination were as much garden tools as shovels were, and that excellence and hon esty really mattered. This liberal atmosphere of cultivated people cultivating plants, a combination of shop talk and salon, encouraged a lot of us to believe that perhaps we too could create good gardens and live lives we chose. It was also a salient lesson to see the brutal hard work, sometimes primi tive conditions, and menial jobs required in the beginning to support this life of the mind in the midst of a garden. When things didn't seem to be turning out that way in our own lives, visits to Western Hills gave us heart and provided a refuge among glorious plants and ideas. The inspiration of Marshall's avid scholarship and gleeful enthusiasm for good plants and his discrimination in selecting them are as much a legacy to his friends as his plant introductions. His last letter to me ended: "The garden has never been more photogenic! Boy! The plants I got. Come up and see!" In realizing how much I am going to miss his generosity and playfulness, his honesty and wicked sense of humor, I am coming to see how much of my validity as a designer and horticul turist is due to that endless conversation, how often my satisfaction at getting a new plant, or at getting something right is set in terms of "Marshall would like that." I suspect a lot of people feel the same. We don't need to go up to Western Hills to see what Marshall Olbrich meant to California horticulture. We need only step through the garden door. Chris Rosmini Los Angeles Marshall Olbrich/ 11 152 APPENDIX C from Pacific Horticulture. Summer 1994. Perennials for Western Gardens ED CARMAN Wherever Iperennials] are planted their effect depends on their suitability for a particular position in the garden, and on the careful juxtaposition of different plants (now very much an 'in ' subject called plant associations). Most modem suggestions for successful plant associations depend on producing harmony of color, combined with contrasting leaf textures. Phillips and Rix. Perennials Rnts and garden styles often appear in ne area, increase in popularity, and spread rapidly across the country before giving way to a successor. For the past several years interest in perennial plants has been gathering momentum and is now at a peak not seen in many years. Magazines and books show us gardens filled with perennials in full glorious color. On the West Coast wholesale growers' lists bulge with new items every year. In some cases these are plants that were considered rare or hard to find only three or four years earlier. Many perennial plants new to the nursery trade are first seen in Washington and Oregon. The climate in the Northwest permits almost any perennial to flourish. Enthusiasm for plants is high, and there are several strong perennial plant societies and many avid collec tors and small specialty growers. Further south along the Pacific coast, where there usually is no rain from May to Novem ber, perennials must be chosen with the drier climate in mind. Even here areas with plentiful water and microclimates favoring lush growth of perennials occur, but most gardeners must consider drought tolerance in their choice of plants. Gaining favor for the past several years are salvias, which are now at the crest of the fash ion wave. Three nurseries in the San Francisco Bay Area each list over thirty varieties of sal vias. Red-flowered Salvia greggii is an old standby giving reliable performance in hot, dry situations. Plants introduced from Texas and Mexico have resulted in hybrids with flowers in several colors, including deep red, white, coral, pink, orange, yellow, and lavender. These woody subshrubs have stiff, closely branched, upright stems from two to six feet Perennials for Western Gardens / 19 153 Group of hostas may reach eight feet in height with hundreds of small, fragrant white flowers. Crambe is a summer bloomer that needs room and sum mer water. It is a spectacular specimen in a large lawn. For gardens with filtered sun and plenty of water there are forty species of Hosta with hun dreds of cultivars. Grown primarily for the form and texture of their leaves, many hostas have white or lavender flowers on tall stalks in summer or fall. They are enjoying great popu larity, and keen amateurs as well as profession als are raising new ones every year. One grower in Michigan lists for sale eight hostas with blue leaves, seven with yellow to gold, seventeen with cream to gold margined, ten with white margined, and ten with green. These herbaceous perennials are completely hardy but must be protected from snails and slugs, which are a constant menace to them. Gardeners unable to provide a moist, woodsy location, and unwilling to protect hostas from pests, may like to try the august lily (Hosta plantaginea), which seems more tolerant of sun and dry soil and less attractive to slugs and snails. In 1978 the leading nursery in New Zealand listed only ten selections of native flax (Phor- mium tenax) in a small range of colors, just last season one of the leading growers in southern California listed twenty-five phormium culti vars from two to eight feet in height and in a wide range of leaf colors. Most of the compact plants have rather narrow leaves with pleasing upright or arching growth. Recent selections in the three- to five-foot range are multi-colored, and some are being grown to provide leaves for florists. P. colensoi 'Cream Delight' has arch ing leaves two and one-half inches wide, with a yellow-cream mid-stripe, green margins, and a red edge. P. colensoi 'Maori Sunrise' has three-foot arching leaves with mixed tones of rose to pale pink and bronze. P. colensoi 'Jack Spratt' has upright, twisting, maroon leaves about two feet high. Other selections have combinations of green, yellow, red, apricot, pink to green, green and cream, and bronze to scarlet. The most intense color develops on new leaves as they mature. Some selections occasionally revert to a single color, so any offsets that differ from the original plant should be removed when first noticed. All of the New Zealand flaxes do best in a sunny exposure with well drained soil and some summer water. The largest plants can be over bearing, so must be sited with care. The dwarf and mid-size plants deserve a place in any border with space for them. j£ 22 / Pad/if Horticulture 154 Iris 'Upper Echelon', a recent introduction among many hybrids of Pacific Coast native irises now available with flowers in a wide range of colors. Photograph by George Waters Salvia mexiama. Author's photographs except where noted Phormium 'Smilin' Mom' /21 155 tall. With shearing they make attractive hedges. The flowers, produced on new growth, attract hummingbirds all summer. Most salvias need good drainage and full sun. Cold tolerance varies, depending some what on soil and exposure. As with many plants, it may be necessary to try several loca tions before finding the spot where they do best. Salvia develandii and S. leucophylla grow six feet high and eight feet wide, and when estab lished will survive without summer water. The woody stems carry rough-textured leaves that are fragrant when crushed. The flowers are in whorls along the stem, pale blue on S. develan dii, rose-lavender on S. leucophylla. The cultivar S. 'Allen Chickering' is a hybrid between these two; it makes a dense shrub four by five feet with deep lavender flowers. Salvia azurea var. grandiflora is a tall, spindly grower to five feet with true blue flowers on narrow spikes at the tip of each shoot. This is a rather lax plant best grown among others that give it support for summer and fall bloom. Probably the most unusual salvia is Salvia discolor, with arching, hairy, white stems to four feet tall. Its three- to four-inch medium green leaves are white and hairy underneath, giving a variegated effect. The nearly black tubular flowers have white, woolly calyces. Many hybrids of Pacific Coast native irises thrive under average garden conditions. Plants are now available with broad-petaled flowers in white, yellow, maroon-purple, blue, and several multi-colored combinations. Plant these in sun to part shade in well drained soil for spring and early summer bloom. They make a hardy groundcover and are somewhat drought tolerant after becoming established. Several native coral bells (Heuchera) also do well with moderate watering, and hybrids of these plants give reliable summer color. Intro duced from Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Gar den, Heuchera 'Genevieve' has deep pink flowers on thirty-inch stems. H. 'Santa Ana Cardinal' has red flowers on three-foot stems. From the Channel Islands comes H. maxima, a tall plant with pink and white flowers on three-foot stems. One of the most striking coral bells is H. 'Palace Purple', which was found by chance at Kew Gardens among plants from seed sent from the United States. This compact plant has such rich plum-purple leaves and stems that the small white flowers are barely noticed. Almost unknown in gardens a few years ago, ornamental grasses have invaded the West Coast in great numbers and in many sizes and shapes. Grasses are available that grow from a few inches to ten feet tall and in many colors. Blue fescue (Festuca glauca), an old stand-by, provides color obtainable from few other plants. One of the most striking plantings of blue fescue is seen in the blue garden at Lotusland in Santa Barbara, where it is used as groundcover. Carex buchananii, a native from New Zealand, is dump forming with upright bronzy orange foliage. Japanese blood grass (Imperata cylindnca) forms a dense clump of vertical leaves, green below and blood red above as the plant matures. Another elegant grass from Japan is Hakonechloa macro 'Aureola', a slow-growing, clump-forming grass with flat yellow leaves that have thin green and red stripes from base to tip. It does best with regular watering and in part shade. Stipa tenuissima, with the finest texture of any grass, does well in most soils but will not tolerate standing water. The old leaves turn golden brown in fall. Some plants seem never to go out of style. One long-time favorite is Gypsophylla paniculata 'Bristol Fairy', which was given an award of merit at the 1926 Chelsea Show. This hardy, drought tolerant perennial is still popular for its masses of small, double white flowers that are cut for bouquets and dried for long-lasting arrangements. In flower the airy stems fill a space some three by four feet. After flowering the stems should be cut just above the foliage, which will sometimes produce a second bloom. At the end of the year it is best cut almost to the ground, leaving about three inches of woody stems. This will produce a compact plant with strong flower stems the next season. Crambe cordifolia, a member of the cabbage family, appears from a distance to be a giant 'Bristol Fairy'. A large rosette of broad leaves forms a sturdy base for the flower panicles that 20 / Pacific Horticulture 156 APPENDIX D from San Jose Mercury, 1995 Ed Carman's awar,d caps 49 years in nursery trade BY JOAN JACKSON Hemiry Ncwi Gtrrien Editor LOS Gatos nurseryman Ed Car man got into kiwis — the fruit, not the flightless birds — before most California gardeners knew how to spell the word, let alone recognize the fruit. The owner of Carman's Nursery had made a lot of nursery friends in New Zealand and exchanged plants with them, so he brought the kiwis to Los Gatos and began selling them in one-gal lon pots in the early 1980s — just when kiwis took off as a trendy food.' / v .K*i He became — and remains.!, '••'" *•'*•' to this day — the top expert on kiwis in California, just an other feather in the Carman cap. His specialties also in clude unusual herbs and rare alpine plants. But what Carman may be best known for is helping his customers, even if it means sending them to a competitor. So it makes sense that Car man, nurseryman extraordi naire, has been named Pacific Coast Nurseryman of the Year. The award by California Association of Nurserymen is the highest honor, the profes sional organization awards to anyone in the horticultural field. A native of Los Gatos, Carman, 73, has been in the nursery trade for 49 years. He and his father, Hugh, opened the nursery in 1946 at Bascom and Union avenues and in 1970 moved the nursery and house to the present loca tion at 16201 E. Mozart Ave., off Bas com near Good Samaritan Hospital. The CAN award recognizes Carman's lifetime dedication to the nursery indus try. 'A writer and photographer, he has written numerous articles on introduc tions of plants, served as consultant to <-.; '. ' . , ,f • '• ;;- See CARMAN, Page 4D An echeveria at Carman's one-acre nursery waits for a customer to take it home. • CARMAN from Page ID Sunset Magazine for the Western Garden Book and other Sunset specialty garden books, and was a founding director of the West ern Horticultural Society.. He has been a leader of the Peninsula chapter of CAN since the chapter's founding in 1961. His affiliations range from the In ternational Plant Propagators So ciety to the Royal Horticultural Society in England. Volunteer fireman, scoutmaster, fair judge — he's done it all. If you are looking for a plant and can't find it anywhere, Car man probably has it And if he doesn't, he will send you to a competitor who does. If you bring him a picture of a flower or a tree and ask tor its name, he probably can identify it. And if he can't, he will find someone who can. "He is a plantsman par excel lence, the nurseryman's nursery man," says John Chiapelone, president of California Associa tion of Nurserymen and owner of Burlingame Garden Center, who presented the award to Carman last month. "He actually forms a bridge between the old guard in the nursery industry and the new Carman says spending 49 year* with his hands in the soil has been a satisfying 157 career. incoming people in the industry. He listens well, and when he of fers advice, it is very well done." But if you ask Carman, "How do you see yourself," he answers simply, "Having fun. "This is like a big private gar den," he says about the one-acre nursery that surrounds the fami ly home where he and his wife, Jean, raised three daughters. Carman says spending 49 years with his hands in the soil has been a satisfying career. "I've met a lot of wonderful people, met some big names, people from other countries, so I don't think I could have done any better at something else." His best accomplishment, he says, "has been helping other people with their problems, iden tifying plants and answering questions that others aren't able to answer." He's not talking retirement, ei ther. "If I retired, Fd still do the EUGENE LOME - kCRCURY NEWS Los Gatos nurseryman Ed Carman has been named Pacific Coast Nurseryman of the Year. same thing," he says. His daugh ter Nancy works three days a week at the nursery. "If it wasn't for her help, I probably wouldn't still be open," he says. The -future of nurseries like his is something that worries him. "I think the golden age of the nurs ery business is over. The biggest change has been the move from individual owners to the chain- type operation and the discount stores like Home Depot and Or chard Supply Hardware," he says. "The only way small owners will survive is to specialize and maybe do mail order. Land is not available for new nurseries. It's too expensive for young people to enter the nursery business in most places." His own nursery, he says, will close when he is gone. But right now, lucky for all of us, it's busi ness as usual at Carman's Nurs ery. Write Garden Editor Joan Jackson at 750 Ridder Park Drive, San Jott 95190; or fax (408) S71-S786. Or call the California Relay Service, (800) 7S5-S9SX, and tell the operator thai you. wish place a TDD call to Joan. Jackson at (1>Q8) 9SO-S518. 158 APPENDIX E Ul > If) O OJ LL 111 X I- 159 CD 0. 00 O) *- «- «- CM E CP o o (/I 5. E o o c o c CO i- Q- a ro j^ O 01 -C h- o QJ 3 O O OJ Q. cial building activity. East Bay were in sigh e e » o E^ is 1? E g£ .5 ro ^ c £ .2 S IS 3 c 1^ H— a, O easure Island Expo re at a standstill. 939 ales « - i £-8 > S > O t« re in C CD O 1 « s -° S S .> o> s- ts-p QJ "D CO C .C C *- C |— (D o ro C Q. 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OJ >• 10 ^ ro <" oj E 1 = If 4-> O) c ro i_ O) "S CO 0 O s discussion it was cause ng plants grown in Calif verall view of price strui was an additional cause OJ II LU CT I- O ro C TD >• C CO ro «| 3 o O k- OJ "o c o Irt TJ £ Oi o to § E —3 CO L. 01 CJ lent, Juel Christensen, sula Chapter was in would encompass the ula and Santa Clara 0) *- 5 " C ^ 0 OJ ^ £ « IM *^ E .E " < i" co c ne, but the Peninsula OJ ro ro ~~ OJ TD Si S QJ to X OJ 4-- 5. 1 Ik- t/t D OJ ss -0 oj to ro OJ ro x co ro x 4~« ~i T) 1 * 1 O 11 k. QJ 0 4- s| 3 O to >. Q. ro X "o OJ 2 c "to '~ £ S H c '*- c » 3 'S 2? 2£ Q. 01 u ..C .._ +* CO S* > 1 O oi TD 'ro CO OJ E to -0 2 >2 .£ fe S -o "c3 — ro &g> oj .E *- to e markup e-secretar 0 "ro 4-» Ol O 4-» TD OJ 4-» O 3 T3 C Q. Q. oj 01 U X "> r- N" -J 3 C~ s£ •— Q> S -E £« conventio more intei 0 TD OJ C 3 'serymen i iy 1 7 was OJ TD 01 OJ CO OJ IT E g ro E CJ to .0 ro .r S £ c '*- .2 4-« OJ 0 4-* 01 cn ro X If there was a b f a marketing o •o ">- ro ro S 5 "C "S a i x o £ 52 n & -i Q. hing a profitabi ated as executiv x 4-* i +ri O T) Ol L_ 0 o3 _E LU 1 O in CO /•; .5> xi x "D r- M QJ 5 « E r direction! le same officers CO ro TD O ra o o 5 U 0) 5 oo ro T- >- CJ ro a OJ c -2> I S 8^ o| -g s Si xi JS 3 c o •^ x: (O _ •^ — 4^ Vt OJ ° 'fj C C vt LL. Q QJ O 3 OJ 3 *- 9- O) .C O 3 S C I- O ° «- '5 !l'2i| III!! ~ OJ t X ._ Q) 1 QJ * JD C "a) "g O) ™ "* 4-* W* ^ L_ f~ £ : o £ b «»- f aj . .. ro OC c — Q. •^ ,n o 5 9- ~ I 4^ C a c o c 3 O Li ra *_ 3 o *: •fc I 11 ro «- -^ cn '> •— O S *_• 0) 8 5 CD OJ Tj C C C £ £ _ ~ O o.|_ ro E 8 ! «• ! £ U Oj ;„ 3 «-» 4!. ro cn ro 3 ro .E Q. C: Q. X) . *• O C CD u g C 3 re 1 i QJ I3 C QJ v> > ro ro - OJ '- *- QJ Q. XI — •— Q — O m QJ c O c "S o c E g5 oo ^? ~> T) ,- ro . UJ O ~P oj oo «— <« jQ 2 O-D o — c Q. O re O 2 _ro _ 3 ro C OJ OJ <" Q- -O ._ ^ w — § re § S O) C (D -°-§ ? c L_ CD r~ CD CO S ~ S O C QJ ^ •s °- o 3 •*- 03 «3 . «n -D C 3 " y. o _• |x g & o t » 5= 2 * o ^ CD CD '- ° ~ ^ £ .y ^« O T i* c os Q. > O jC cn .2 •° S"^ E -" c ~ 1 ° r*» .t ^ re — 163 •— m .— <•> ;:. 1 i e § ro = O LO ^ u. w oj ^ -fc Q. I- E J= ^_ o o o Jr c c O §) "O O _ .9- a> E y A U M oj oj OJ .= - QJ O QJ QJ QJ "- ^J?:y s « o tr c .b 4-» ro .4- *- QJ Q. o Q) C >. 4^ -C h; — O 3 ' r~ cn cn > QJ C c o II >- .£ 'o o o I ) —, CD L 5 £ .2 Qj O E Q. ro x o QJ 3 OJ *; .E 5 .t JC OJ T3 O c I *:-ic > T3 QJ "S 2rm QJ ro OJ -n •G 5 52 c v\ O "O 3 03 >r co ai c v, 2 OJ (- QJ t Q. *J O O 5 c * £ S •^ QJ r- ^ 2 C ** QJ re - 52 »- .5 o O cn 2 u- c E -E 5S- I "I o g I ^ I ro *; QJ O l- fc O O ^ 2" fy-j C OJ "D O ro ^; QJ oj S 3 •§ •£ 2 CJ 5 .!C jC ro i II • . « € £ - -^ 2 - n H- to C c O QJ 5 |5 c b. QJ = - g E £ C TJ E — ^ *-' oj QJ .ir c § "a y •£ re ro td — including n expert on f | *—> __ QJ re CD vt "»* ^ TD 3 CD 4^ Vt O QJ C?JT •_L<«reo"J5Q> ~ o >-ro'E 2^^^ *-^ O QJ jC *»- o QJ SlE fe c re o .« Q, ^ 0 2 _§ Ray D. Hartman, onard Coates >wn — the e and produce : superior location and 3ga Horticul- ducational in- and in 1951 the California Cor- re -i " JC ™ ro t: c (Q flj (/> ,^7 C __ _ C *"~ " PTi O CD " *•• o OJ — ' QJ . l_> Formation of the Strybing Arboretum Society (Contini -c i C H- QJ O re -D » « c ^ -§"8 ;? « "o "E I- 0> a« 0 . 3 ° W E £ — - "ro 1:1 •™ 1 5-s != Q. 3 Juel, to get something done about it! When Juel approa board of directors for support, he was promptly made c Strybing Arboretum Committee. Between Juel and Eric group of laymen, botanists and nurserymen was assembi Walter Heil, director of the DeYoung Museum. He was Park politics. Chapter participants included John Edwa Bill Schmidt and Charles Burr, the latter keeping the mi ling such correspondence as was necessary. After several meetings in San Francisco, an organiz was called for November 17, 1954, in the DeYoung Mus a temporary slate of officers and constitution and bylaw bing Arboretum Society was adopted: Owen Pearce, ed ifornia Horticultural Journal, president; Elizabeth McCli at the California Academy of Science, secretary; and Bil urer. In February, 1975, a permanent slate of officers a over and in 20 years the membership has risen to nearly Juel Christensen and Charles Burr were among those orii members honored at a 20th anniversary celebration. In those 20 years Strybing Arboretum has become standing arboreta in the world. John Bryan, present din friend of the Chapter and receives its continuing supporl later). The Saratoga Horticultural Foundation: While the Peninsula Chapter was getting on its feet, chapter member and president and general manager of L v, re c •— 3 vi f 5 S o 8 fc E 4---D ro u c oj QJ ro •n * 5S 13 to jQ ro -D 3 ? "5 x .E o " 4-* > H— QJ > O |5| o *- o &s"- lil !8 !c ^ § o O O 0 £> ^-§ c^ 05 « = .-2 flj O !_ oj ro .t; 52 E -o ~i ^— *— -^00 ^_ M— M— quality. He had settled on Saratoga as the most desirabi purchased the property that is still occupied by the Sara tural Foundation. Ray Hartman enlisted the aid of industry, finance, stitutions and the nursery industry in backing his dream, Saratoga Horticultural Foundation became a non-profit E o •o re O „, >4- 00 J- o £ *r O ^ "D 4> > .E fe § S .S> „. m I 8 > ^ O C' "- 'S 5 8 -S I i "D ° *" m o O ^" JZ O *^ 3 * ** 52 T3 O £ .£ ro •- •£ - ex 03 S-fe I * a ~ t7 O > <5 t/> >T CO +•• CO > ni O t^ _f Q3 ^ J 5 ~ ™ £ ^ 4^ f— Jj^ "~ Q3 CJ "S co «J c 3 £ ro ro ;i «- fc » ^ u *-" m 03 t o C c V £ «- ro 'I CC O O in CC LLJ Q < LU I o i »:* £ o I- o o a O. k. .. • ^ ^ O - . C O H- CO W ° TJ ^- • >. O) > ^ 4^ CO r" cc c 3 3 co "S » ° C rz £^ *o co a> jo "Q^ 5|«| S2 s K o 2 o t a 5 Jet £ 8. ° S J I • Z 3 te '« o '5. ° 03 §2 O t^ *- TO i— k- (1) ^~ I f^^ ^5 O LU ^ oc < _l o m' Is!! re > -2 -i: « i 1 o 2 ^ ° "g T5 I •2 S O {3 «= ^ 'to CC >. cn C7> I tsi as oj ro 3 .5 •£ € -Q. O 8 c re > E ™ 0.3 Q. LU =3 03 raged the coo ng horticultu fc o> => r s c 03 T) 3=' .1! «-• to 2 ro to ro s .2 ^ CJ ** "2 S ^ 3 0 y, an C . O T3 P * ^"§ Q-5 O.E .2 c .i ^ C «> ™ «• *• t «c H. I o -Q *-• E =6 0) LU E c k. 03 03 p O. re J2 O ^1 8 I w a 15 4^ 4_» 03 o> t CO O C S*. II ££ t: o w-e a Oj2 c O O 3 E S S 'E C 03 O CL 0 a> 03 JZ £ H <» -c — P r|il O *^ O Q3 S o IM JO •> c u s o> c O "io '43 re **• c 03 ro cn cu * a cB o £ c 0 c CD CD 00 03 — 03 JZ E \— "ro JZ ^^ 00 ro .i ro c 3 C 03 CD ro 'ro JZ CJ T3 'i- CD *-* ro £ re c § C O 4-J TD 03 TD 00 ro JZ 0 CD" c 00 o 0 ro u k. ^j 03 J™ ro § re co ro 03 O CJ 03 C 'o O. c" § ro 2 "ro +-i CO C c CD p — 1 0 c CD 03 tf\ 03 I CL ro to 03 "o k_ ro CD i- § M ro cn ral section; boretum. I CD CL CD 00 c ro CL — ) c tz ro JD E 03 k_ CD 4-> onstration 03 _J to •t— ' ro 03 00 3 CO O3 £ to C CD W < CD JZ **— O ro ommittee members CL ro CJ LD CNI *-J E 03 Q i_ - ro -D "o. 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Q- 00 > 03 ~ 03 (— ^J C 4- d, O H- JZ E o *- a, c «f JJJ g o> -c -I 3 <- 03 O O O ro . Q. ro ' D. 03 *i O jZ co «• ** ^ m "° •o _ 4J c Q3 .± ? ro to Jr . T f ro *r ^ £ ™° C m -^ o .2 -S S 8 S !? O „- ro 3 ">" -g ».2« a fe TJ 5 is £ 5 E B I c ro E c ro 00 03 03 -C O Q. Q. CO 03 re JZ k_ 03 Q. re 6 03 03 I 00 I LEADERS IN HORTICULTURE: W.B.Clarke (Continued} had already bloomed and were chosen for distribution. In addition to ornamental trees, shrubs and vines, the Clarke Nursery became a prime source of roses for retailers in northern California. W. B. encouraged Rudy Anninger, his traveling salesman, to enter into a part nership with Frank Molena for the purpose of growing roses for whole sale. He obtained membership in AARS, giving Rudy and partner first year access to All America introductions. The combination of a well- known source and a well-grown product made the enterprise hugely suc cessful! W. B. Clarke took an active interest in nursery trade associations CO t>l r^ CN Cn i. CD OJ OJ _C 4-1 o »*— z < o H— o +-• c QJ TJ '£ D. vt CO -D C CO RAY D. HARTMAN It is difficult to disassociate Ray from California Natives, and his enthusiasm for them often clouded the greater scope of his organization— The Leonard Coates Nurseries. The main office, florist shop and retail salesyard was located in San Jose on The Alameda at the Santa Clara city line. There was a large container-growing operation in Morgan Hill and a field-grown ornamental growing grounds in Santa Cruz. Deciduous fruit, flowering and shade trees were grown at Brentwood. o Ol Ray was active in CAN and was president of the state association in 1934-35. Even with his busy schedule he managed to attend many of Peninsula Chapter's meetings during the formative years and actively sup ported Chapter projects. The Leonard Coates 48-page catalog of the Thirties gave California Natives the first five pages in the book, listing a total of 1 10 varieties. Considering the difficulty of propagation in those years and a rather lukewarm reception by the public, this was an amazing enterprise! Prob ably the first real break-through came with trial plantings made by the California Division of Highways. H. Dana Bowers, the first person to head a department of highway planting, had his problems with the high way maintenance people looking after plantings after installation. He worked out native plant lists with Ray Hartman, using varieties as near their type locality as possible, which exposed the public to the beauty and utility of natives on the state's highways. Of course, natives needed 4-1 C >• i CO E arke (Continued} tion of Prunus blieriana elf discovered Helen Bor- 0 | £ <« .E "oT x .* L. . CO Eo CL O> 0) g> c (2! £ -D 1 « • loved. He discovered an T3 H- .22 0 JZ in <" % > 0^ -D ~ S ™ co ^ , . +^ .5 0 — «n OJ v> s ^ CD °- CJ ro .C +-• c 'u CO > X 0) 3 00 C 00 CO 1 "^/t L_ ^ **- OJ 4-J !E .c W. B. introduced a great ma duction was through the >ide Gardens (Mentor, Ohio) , he encouraged catalog nur- ductions by giving them ex- P « 1 § OJ co 5 T3 ra Sj c 5 'Z .« 3 . Q m feSi §.«• si »*— o iJ 03 § u 4-1 C 0 O) JZ 0 c 0 '4^ CO y necessary to use illustra- 5 — "Garden Aristocrats." became a volume wholesale with retail customers, so a B "closed Sunday", which > "§) ™ -o -o *- Q} (^j Q} TO ^— CJ *— ' Qj r— o s r OJ — O larke's ran into resistance *-> 0 JZ *-> i TJ CO E 01 _* en C D. 3 ^ O 0 u jr E i_ 0 **- -p CO T3 f- d> c 'E p D. _a> 4-* *^ > OJ JZ *-- production of tree peonies. unlimited possibilities in for II 0 oo tn *-• in C i- co u o> 0 o CD ^7 u. £ o 5 « > JD JZ ro LEADERS IN HORTICULTURE: W. B. Cl W. B. was responsible for the introduc (P. mume & P. cerasifera pissardi) and hims chers flowering peach and Thundercloud fl< duced two varieties of P. mume (Rosemary as many flowering cherries, which he dearly exceptional form of Crataegus lavellei with fruits, which he named Autumn Glory. As away from naming new introductions after Rosemary and Peggy Clarke, Clarke's Red ( (a lilac) were exceptions. He liked to name descriptive of the introduction's character - and Thundercloud plum (purple foliage wit en U CD "o vt OJ 'C OJ en 0> 0 JZ CO O *^ C o '*-- TD T3 co C 0 -t-* ^c "co 3 +^ o CO 0) JZ 4-* H— 0 4-« cn 0 ^ CO OJ O '5 cr en c 1 _2 CO -o CO >- O) v> C. 3 2 CO 'c l_ 0 H- "co 0 CD .C **- 0 tn cn ^ CO 4^ CO 0 tt 2 o i: " c i- •"" « 5 -C OJ <- c C tn 'flj ^ *- H- (_) Ol t « a? ^ o c "5 72. 8 T3 OJ Qj -* -I C35 O 3 «- O tn OJ OJ oo cn i; ^Z -2 OJ a-Jf 0 11 c •*-• in 3 0) cn C 'in CO 4-1 i cn _O CO 4-» CO o (U 4^ !E 5 •D CO .* CJ CO JD •u CO -C in CO in" T3 i_ 0 JZ 4^ § > CO CO -C CJ in -D to JZ O) I cn O co *-> CO u «n JC w £ QJ -*-^ ^-> TJ O 0 cn CD o> OJ c Si Cn OJ 'in c !>• £ C QJ O -Q — C. c CD .C Pacific Exposition. Like many nurseries, C because of the wisterias' bad habit of growi producing flowers, so they adopted the stai less space and insured flower production w Another parallel to Domoto's was the W. B. became fascinated with their almost E c OJ O 1° CD (Q *^ C ° £ 1] . -o ^ ro O oj -o "5 c o CO U f "Ceanothus" with r of "Trees of Santa agazines and horti International Shade ational and internatio * c ® c o E jz c k. JZ . — ' — II^ol ??!££ O O P 9 » ^ & 5 o> 3 CL g *S§U c ^- _ « "8 § « 5 5 E « = | S -2 IllJIl B3 Q. 2 X c '= o _-tj - " S v_ c 3 in O) O) S||1I° lirill " •"* C «-* <-» TD TO — O -= "> is « 2 o 3 IlJ s e o e ^^ jo *^ "> S ^ 5 w r- £ E i^iiS* |Sogl|3| JS .2 £ -D $ fe o> O O N C £• -o JZ c- O < ~ *- i w . .c -° c = •2 •= i; o : o <* ^ JO 3 (O u> u Hfilrl 3fi£sg.1 cii**«? a i E 1 1 £ is fl> 5 => * 2 "> X M£i't* zJsllJS ^*»f g£ te T3 TJ J >- .2 "> 8 * £ j= e 5 « U +-« ^ -^ *- u t_ *" TO TO U? ~ "O p., 5 fee £s 2^ r -s « 2 - s «> o te Z £ -5 ~ «" UL S 03 o> 1 E E S - - _. __ UJ .A Bill is responsible for many zonal geranium introductions, ten vari », of which three are semi-dwarf. These were introduced between W. and 1964. His ivy geranium introductions total eleven, which i ri de four that sported from previously introduced varieties. The Schmidt Nursery introduced many varieties of fuchsias from ious hybridizers, and seven of Bill's own crosses. At one time, he tri hand at camellias, resulting in a double pink that Bill named Sonata ;re is a large plant of it growing in the Huntington Gardens, but Bill er got around to developing it commercially. Bill discovered a Tulbaghia violacea (society garlic) with white egated margins on the leaves which he called Silver Lace. This is stil ilable from Ed Carman, as is the Schmidt strain of Scabiosa caucasia ch the Schmidt Nursery grew and sold until it closed in 1968. 1 n 1 5 i £ ~ CD JP JS c •- •— •— to co o I O .5? CD _2 '~ •— o m ^ -c £ > -C t— C »- » > O TO C Ol k_ c 03 ~ <" o F «- ~ c ff£|l£*§ « 0jJ<.2?£UJj» ^^ f- ^— ' y_ . TO(oO)Q;n3(O O*~* O*-«"^_c > <1> «« t/> to -C -rr f- Si' m I * I 1 ~ f £ £ E 8 f ? E 'i E C o

. (- 0> f. .> .E o 2 = 4~i *- TO O 4-» •z; 03 ., CO O *-• c ^ m QJ 0 j? « -D o - £ S (D i_ C -^ « Q. I - 8 !. 'z; .h en o c -o c *t = in > OJ C « « .t o -• *• •z. w> ^^ > (0 "° 5 o .£ < _J _l 5 o ^ S -o (D « OJ « ro t 2 -D J3 QJ w> *z; EO 03 TO B. Tl *• «0 ** S c o «-• c aj S 5 8 E UJ CO •z. 3 5 c E I 1 .E < S «- "° — m 5 ^^ C 3 5 03 0 S (Continued) 2.E .£ c 5I 1* •5 ? sl ££ S.OJ a national following We can remember his .d> ^ co > 01 .c 1- "tn cu •u CD *4— C CU •rf LU d i_" o >- cu T3 CD If -C .«« TO ^ XX O o -1 3 C ^ S trt «» ro* CO jld be classified as a o 0 T3 CO by George Haight. E 01 0 .* **- c/J O TO If j .O/ V) ro . o ^ "3 CD a. Q. «n ^. CO g Q) O ^3 (U CD ^3 < £ >. 5 cu - I * Jc •8 « il -2 o < tn — •*-• 5 1 tn E > S c (U .c 4-* •o CO c ntroductions — a sen- ista, as well as in the cu 2 3 ^ 0 II JO O in CD ~ tJ cu O 5 g o> c •o CO cu u CO cu CO _l 1 o •£ •D M- TJ . oj in a .22 «4— O cn O li i < I (D tn Q. QJ 0) '5 - 1? fe > £ O o '4^ TO II E "5 o c ^ s. tn CO c T3 CO _c LEADERS IN HORTICULTURE: Clyde Stock although George Haight is the present owner ar Clyde was a regular contributor to the "Proof c the American Rose Society Annual, and develo with his authoritative evaluations of new variet 1 •O CU E co C "53 tn CU o _l tn L_ LL 8 1 3 0 §> CO i_ _ _ O — o 4-> Q. "* QJ .52 S ^ Clyde introduced two roses, seedlings of c Adams, a local rosarian: Prosperity, a yellow h note when there was not much prosperity arou Adams), a nice pink, a tremendous grower that grandiflora by present-day standards. •^ *_ o> 1 E tn CO cu tn 0 DC _CO _C .* CJ O 3 CO > c CO _c *-< 4-* 10 CO QJ -D QJ TO *j 0. r» o t° LO co O"> QJ O !2 «-* cu cu fcS -*-< QJ M k- CU Q Q. «/» (D I £ c o 'cn cu CC E o *>— 0 cu OTTO MEERLY H- 1- o ig -D 5 S 0 co 2 00 tn i_" CD CU * *^ > CO >-J k_ qj tn ^ 3 CO Z Qu >^ ~ C cu cu ^ o •- z > 0 £ cu 2 f § S c 0 ning commission to build a retail store on anot Avenue) in order to make some necessary impt nursery property. The store site is now a gas S' occupied with residences. U o- c 01 5 S 3 tU O T3 •° co tn cn ^C T3 o^ c § 5 x 0 « c > ji = 4- 3 s ^ ^ tn ^2 5 .^? o •= C .£ 0 c o 3 Chapter display. He selected distinct clones fr best seed sources in his nursery. Offered in 4-i grown doubled petunias were available in othe own. All were named, and each distinct in its Mr. & Mrs. Meerly retired to Shingle Spri later moved to a motel (Villa Montreux) they Tahoe before closing their nursery. 1 *-> ro 'c E d O CO ii co irector's camellia QJ C to '-E *.— o — ' c o OJ .C QJ QJ i i cu >o CO TO cO o^ c C located at cu 0 E QJ o h* tn "cu •D " following i beans. 0 0 "o *-• impressed CO k_ O) cu O ro QJ L. CO QJ o .E CO CJ to « »» 1 5 0 CJ (J QJ JZ O t/i OJ" amona con- "o LO ro OJ 0 CC > w .Q | "o 'CD r^ 4-* -D E D *-* -C ^ cu c QJ CJ CO T3 03" c o IM "O t/1 cu .E .c c c tn QJ CO ro > c ro E O O 11 _u "o k_ d OJ 0 cn T3 CO 0 CC O O CJ *-* 3 o O t/) 0 c O) cc c ro h. 'QJ «-« CO ro 5 *4— O : William E. Schmidt tn co T3 cu 4-* U cu Si 01 X 0 3 ^00 x: CD .t; cn 5 '- E 2 03 CD •£ ^ t? E 0 O CJ >*- OJ k_ 0 CJ1 c ID c/5 T3 0 > ^_ QJ c never did anything wi D 0 ro -X ro QJ l_ to •D C 0) d 3 0 CO 4-» C cu cu L. o c D CO c cu 'tn CU b. c °- _> "o lo cu '5 -D a> E Q. cu S E |s QJ TO '" ^^ 5 and Convention Cha D O JD ro >- 0 +-• CO QJ -C *-• C CO highly-regarded nursei ^_ _O CO CO 1 its passing. C cu QJ cn QJ tn O 3 m cu tn the service as an army cleanup with tomatoe GJ c ro CJ T3 ro E c ro QJ X) QJ 33 Ramona was not going turned to tree surgery stock in the Almaden ~\ ro — ' ^ ro tn > cn en ~ C t- ti o cu _^ CO 4_» -D 52 c D 0 0 ro ro 00 QJ OJ E o I/) -d > -D CO c 4-» QJ QJ CD C 0 01 T3 O > 03 D 4-» CJ < QJ 0 _c c CJ 0 QJ h_ QJ C k_ o o cu .c 4-» CO to QJ in 0 CC tn LU oc E ^»- "U "^ 5 8 *-> -C -C ni cu 0 TJ ro 0 m in 5 •o O c k. -i cn TO C 0) -D ro cu i_ O cu g,"i 4^ 5 ^ -D D "cn C EADERS IN HORTICULTU Clivias interested Bill ver oo « CD •c O> ^ T- CJ il E ^ o o> u. f '*— t— ' s 1 '1 1 "o ^ CJ ro 01 0 O) ka O3 OJ CO OJ j: 4-< o •D CO ro *-< QJ L- ^ "aj JD cu" o 1 cu _* CO ro to CO m c 1 onata, he recalled a wholesah elargoniums — "1 wouldn't li c •S I .c CJ CO CD .C 4-» cu c CO m ften entertain many of their 'here) winter months. Bill wi m cn c c l_ D. QJ C OJ tn Q. X CU m 0 E QJ h- cu CO 0) o 0 CO "co i— 3 4-> 3 _0 CO QJ OJ k_ cu n E ro LO xpert amateurs, who still moi LYDE STOCKING A name synonymous wit 'owing endeavor. After leavi W 1, he had visions of makin he tomatoes were a total loss : became obvious to Clyde th o cn CO co cn w c CO 'C cu *> ^ QJ tn C C 0 cn 0 •o cu tn H iscovered that he was pretty btained some Rosa manetti u E •*-• 0 J2 < QJ CO 0 k_ CT1 C -D D C i_ _0 c +-• tn 4-» TD C amers. He and Ramona were 0 tn QJ tn CU l_ 0 O3 E TD C TJ E perationsi j^ O 0 *-* CO "o cu *-• 'tn 4-> C QJ C a cu £ 1- —i co "D "o "o CO Q. o s- 03 1 — CJ CO cu 0 cn > i- — •o o O •«-• < tn o 168 >• c xi E 01 Q. Q_ ^^ Q ~c ro j£ Q. § „ 01 Q. 1 { 1 P j ing with Duncan & Davies, New fornia and operating probably sphere. He has provided them ia, Felicia, double-flowering 3thers. Ed has introduced a :rom New Zealand. Hisintroduc nat-forming groundcover, es- c CD '4-* CD i_ CO > X 00 1 «/) •D "u. JD * i O^ 5 4-1 xi CD • „ oi X ^^ O) .<° 1! II ^3 O) j~ oducing females in three varie- 1 § en CT .E c 4? QJ o 2 *- o <=" 0) "CD •£ ii CD c- 'O ~O CO (J ;d two varieties - P. 'Cracker- , edulis clone; P. antioquinsis fruits. a showy groundcover, with its wers. ove resistant to the Daphne's industry a tremendous favor! CO X) 0 •*-« .s? fc_ TO *-» .2 CD x: ro Q^ m °- ** *-j "5 tjf cu O — "P I en co t '*- "O >• co 0 s— i 01 •o l_ Q. C c CJ ^ 0. CD _* CD -* ^ u CL CD x: CD I EDWARDS. CARMAN TJ c CD in O 4^ CD O uo O "o 01 4-« s 00 IE TD CD ^ 0) X CD •<3- 05 ^~ Nursery at the corner of what is now bell. Ed became a charter member o twice been president and treasurer fo moved the nursery to its present loca x: 5 c 0 LO 5 o c tO 'in CD -C Q. E CD CD -C «•* T3 TO 00 0 4-* CD d named varieties of Actinidia chinensi: prise in California (the fruit is known have three daughters - Patricia, Dian Ed has a plant variety exchange Zealand nurseryman well-known in C the largest nursery in the southern he with original stock of Rosemary, Pho Prunus, Abelia, Ceanothus, Garrya an formidable list of plant varieties, man tions: Coprosma species: C. prostrata, pecially adapted to coastal California, shrub form of varying habits and leaf Corokia hybrids: unique plants ' CO to CD 01 CD "o ^~ to 3 o 'l- CO > T3 C CD to U CD _0 >*— § _o "S >- Actinidia chinensis (Kiwi): fruit ties and one male pollenizer, Viva. Cupressus species: C. sempervire i C/5 Q. E 01 to O •D C CO oT 5 CO >- "5 •*—• >-*— T> 0 4-» CD L_ CD > -D CD o (~> CD CO -V 0 fa CD C ro C CD -Q >> XI TD CD Q Q V*— l_ -C Dimorphotheca variegata will ma variegated foliage and iridescent pink 1 Daphne odora varieties: 1 f these common troubles, Ed will have done t 3 u c CD 00 CD x: C -5 Q. (3 1 (0 1 CO co -O -= LLJ Q V) UJ cr Q- tr UJ I O O O) 0_ c 0 E (D O _~ m "O *" Q. 0) O O " trt +•» — j >§< c o> o> oco 169 ^ CD v) S O CD O M CD ^2S 03 E m 3 Z -o I T3 LJJ LLJ Q. d >° a; ca OJ -C ai O •II «n -f: ,:• 0) I-'P l^ls -§< O co 35-c-i tD k- O C Q. o> o CD «. Q. (O > D en ti"l to 3 >• g; |W S 3 z S 32 v> ~° Z .« V co o ~ ojO c o a*-' to- O '— OJ -,- °c3 §• JK .-O — CO E CJ o UJ "> u *i uJ m O LU s -S E E 75 o •*— •*— CD ^ o JC ro 3 o^ » c o - O) 5 - ro C CD _ D<=> u 00 — - « i2 D O 5§^o£^ CD 1^8 co >•>•_! 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S tT c £ O a S ° c O j- 8 2 - g- J ^ ** J !. ft * 2 « I £ £ S ™ « D) ^ '> E P <" w c i- S f_ C QJ *j •— °- c — •£ ^ ™ £ -D O Q. C •- « Q. D. a -- co - oj ^ _r~ w> ^ w O ts .E >- 13 o Z g 3 k. — — 03 CO o «« "" ^il Q) _OJ O ~ 8 tr c ^? o ^ll III £ J5 .2 I o 170 * o a i -° « o> o c fesls? C e & 4_j T3 *> -^ I— - £ (o >- c ZT1 (D JTr _c W O 5 I 2 ^ I ^ 5f «|^§-S o> o O £ C X .1 00 -O Q c c ,_ ro « a,- W (O (S O S "S - £ ac S tt = 1 1 1 5 i 1 2' I • 'I < -S -2 c X ^ <:! Q. o <= a) o — C — 0) — .2 'o * .!= & a> s i 1 QJS- c J2 a) o £ g 22 ^i QJ CO ^ ^ . — QC *^ •— O — O .n ^ co ^ rj **_ -^ ' — *- >- c 3 ?o X • - s; s- TO rj c o - CO ,™ "O < ^ *- g <-> 3 -5 1 f -| S I o 5 J § § . fO o CD -- o. 'S CL 2? >. g 00 fe O '5 E CO en •" •- c 5i ro O O *- O 8 I I S I ^ I » I o-j^c^tooja;,?; ^ co 5 co r c co . > a o «-• 05 • c c » » — ~ «" - w. ? 8 1 - a | ||B|5||g| df ii § c i^s Sociila-^^ — S -^ • c C CO co CO 171 APPENDIX F l •o I a. Z I « 0 § < -S 3 I I ! UJ -2 ft- £ o 172 I O O O 3 0 •P -H P -P +» fi -H 0,0)0 P B C C t. O Vi o 3 0 O -H O •- bOrH fc, B *H P >,%H C O 0 0 C -H 0 P.O-H C P bOfH TJ 0 O O -H P •O «J fH o C TJ 0} 00 t. O 0g •2 t! .5 2 2 +* fc •*? g^-d B £> OP 0 a 0 oo ! XO 0 O rH h t« 0 0 P, 0 tCX A P.N 3 0 03 CQ g • « •O -H ec o C t, U JS P 0 o Jd 0 *»O c « CQ 0,0) 0 0 o D o P >!P C 00 03 CO 0 TJ P TJ P O 0 C M CO _ CO Cfl fH c c CO rH CO . ,H . rH 0 t« B TJ C 0 3 -H cc •M M W W S M SJ c 0 -H 3 -H B S H P CC d P O 0 to •P - C • 0 -H 0 P TJ rH P.O 3 0 P.rH P P O0 C >> C B 0 0 M P rH O CO O _^ C •3 C g> 0 0 CQ B O • P O 0 • C U 0 U 0 0 «H P, 0 5 rH 0 C atg o TH 0 «O ffl 0 u e n*o P 00 C C U 0 O O rH U i- 0 >» 00 > £ j= -a -H 0 P o P a c P a C •p 0 > 9 0 4) CO O C .0 0 C •P . 3 2 0 u 0 P •o « e p 3 P, or 0 (< P 5-1 «§ fH 3 0 C XJ P (H O 0 rH 0 -H X> 3 0 P O X CD T3 -H 1 «>"•*» * dit sul 11 put an t e ni past ts hm th Pe en to : in up complis try and act the the to t e ac 173 TJ 0 €; ft) (. C 0 x; 0 -P iH -H O > 0 c u •H 0 0 C t. -^ O eo c- o 0) O) 0 Vt TJ C U O 0 -H 0 .* x: c o j* 9000 -H -P 0 0 rH a: TJ U O 0 C G o at E f. •P O a O (-. 0 o> fr, p, o c -3 o -P 2 rH C -H +> 0 -H £ C •P -H 0 ^3 C 0) -P a O CX -H n •«H o n T) TJ CX 0) 0 u .* x-o x O rH C 0) CD rH CO •P 03 CU rH 0 3 c x; a> T3 -H -P U a b C -H 0) -o C I n j< o - CD B 0) XI rH O> X* bC rH CD C bC 4-> -H C CX •H CD p. x; x; -H 10 4J T3 « x> 0 0 1 0 r* •o X> C 0 0 0 0) 0 u 01 0 0 0 N •v* t o •p £ £ 0) >. 0 0> X) •P *H c 0 (4 §• B r-t o 0) * 0 rH * •0 0 0 rH r— 1 t* h & 5 g £3 0 1 0 u SH 0 k 0 B > •H 0) 0 >> Xi 0 O ^** 0 * 0 g • •o TJ C fr, ft) U rH 0) § 0 •H C c •H •P •H •H B bC •H t g 0) £ £ CD U, U 3 0 •P M Zj C • D. rH «H •H ft> < 3 0 a ^ * B 0) c 5 O 0) B 0 o £ £ 5 -H t, •p 0> •P bC 0 P u o 3 rH • w ^ * g 0) en S a 5 £ 0 t. x* 0 0 -a 0 > > 0 c x: o) o •H +* 0 o •p 0 3 • 0 O B C •H § P. 0 0 T3 X! TJ 0 C H c • 1 rH 3 , 0 0 fr, 0 U C O -H T3 rH 0) •0 1 0 C 0 •P >»-H - 4-> bO B 3 c co x< •H > O TJ . S S-o 1 -P m ^ 3 IB O B • rH O> rH P. OC«HOrH-O ~ 0 •PSSH0 C-04J 0 U O B 3 B rH bO *» 0) XI 0 -*4 0) U SrH C 15 0-5 £"5 0 C 0 £ 0 O Jrf 0 0 o • B bc-p u o -a 0 ^ & p. 5 rH ^^x^i-g 0 0 rH £ U Li u •o 0 9 c £<- IH Vi 0 °4. h h 0 0 CD 0 0 • iA t- >, 0 0 O •"^•S S"c0 •P 0 +> s*fr| •88? • Oh fc .11 he was f reactior expected libility, jxplicit *e paint* C00BOO) >0£ •H bCX 0 0 h 0 -H > -P > fr,JSx;v(4Jx;v( 00 -P u -P -c -c fe-lgbflS.5^^gS Htf^5 ,S5& .TJ It wasn't long before Henry wa n Gun" Green because everything hla nursery was grown in metal c -H.JC.pbC P.-H 0 h O $*> TH V( 0 0 0 0I°5X£ 0 fci B C U 0 0 O O TJ -H 0 » -P 4-> 4> 0 0 x; o -P -P 3 •P >. 0 0 >» 0 Xt 0 fr,Xt rH -H 0 £ B > bC B P Pi 0 C 0 -H •H 0 XI -H rH Xl +» *> +» Vt H • 00 0 bfi 0 C 0 SS^tjSS 0 -p •Bop S0 rH rH rH •3 O P,rH 0 XjfH 3.C 0 fr. *» (X 0 0 to 0 ** 0 0J2 5 TJ 5 lij'«l>. ^fogB-s rH O 3 O -P 0 0 CX 0 £ t. -0 ^J, rH S0 0 0 iH I2 •P C 0 0 •P 0 U £ 0 t), was offered some empty gallo nery. He had them delivered and empty shed. There were more tha Id hold - they overflowed out th Unfortunately for J.V., they * his boss, George C. Roeding, Sr. le the two were making a weekly ctlon. Mr. Roeding wanted to kn :h the cans?" J.V. replied that try some In place of pots. The m more disastrous than J.V. had ber quietly talking over the posi »dlng relented, but not without < ructions - "Be sure those cans ai • 8 0 it g 5 0 J^ Leonard Coates Nurseries had i ounds at Morgan Hill and secured used fives. The tops were stil! d It was a laborious process tak e of the employees thought of th on. There were lots of unsold f the healing-in bins, so he stac the middle of several hundred ei arted them burning with gasoline e solder securing the lids melte • >. ca 0 I-* r-t SVH * O O N O • S5.5SI •o o § §«go •H « Mfr *5i v< o -P a ex: 0 S fe*8«S3« ft> Vl 174 CO fa CO f. 00 fa O H CO 4* O 4* • +"g J3 « ^ x g CO C • CD fa fa • fa _ «~C C 0) CO t*4» 4. B 0 » t) Vt - O O •0 £ CO C CXV. 0 4* O fa -0 o in CO TJ CO O _ rH 0 O B 4) ft> > O -H > CO -CO) 4) O -H CO 3 o csj a O0 ft> >-• a, -P a c "SIS *•*§§ p. o £ 0) P > -TJ B >*C •H rH 0 C rH •H 0 • B4*« ft) ft) J £Sc O ft> OtS * „ gr? SS-fa°S B co co fa •£.*Si TJ » £5 01 -IB 43 34* 'CO CO fi 4* O ttf-H fa co 4* XrH. co c t. X fa 0 fa B 1*3 • o o B 4* • CO Sfa£ c§c CO T5 -H 4* 4» C 4*55 3 4* O CO 0 TJ O 4) -H O TJ CO rH 0 C B -H CO ft) 4* 4* 4* -H « tO • (0 4* £ CO fa 0 * CO « C 4* II P.TJ %H J= -H fa 3 P,^ 4) 4* > 4) 0 •«« C6 B 4* B » 0 rH 0 -H 1-4 P fa 0 rH CO •H 4* *H 0 0 O fa I 0 CO 4* 4* 43 co « 4* O co a %-t O •H 4* ft) C ..S o 4* = rH C 0 CO «> TJ *0-H •H C 0 M 4) 0-HBC43TJ00 P.TJ «H 4* rH -H fa fa > 3 fa fa xo-H-Hteoo 0 fa o 0 » c o £ CO O O -H h 00TJ0>>004> C •> ft) 4* 0 4) HC--P fi O rH 43 O 3 P C P.4* 4* I ft) «H TJ > O TJ • 43 O ft) -H ft) rH >.-P fa C 4) JC rH 4* 4* ft> 043fa-H-HO3> «)4*OX>rH0O-H fa > X-H rH 0 43 ^ 4> 4) g 4* 0 0 C 0 "fa 43 O -H C I ft) 4> P. CO X 0 O 4* 0 CO ft> fa ft) 9 to t> ft>4> 43 C rH O 4* 4) O « O TJ 0 O TJ CO fa > 4* O fa fa rH 0 4* 43 3 0 O •H -H P. 3 >,4* O fa TJ 60 O 43 4* 0 O rH >> 4) «1 C 4* TJ ft) r-j CO «§95^2§ gsi^*^ fa J3 ^ 0 4* 0 3V,-2 $ fa ^H > TJ C 0 0 0 0 TJ 4) & ft) 0 ft) -H 0 > JC 4* > ft) si £ ^1 fa TJ fa Vt -H • c 0 43 ft) ft» O -H 43 4* •d «> ^ 0 O CO P. > rH O 4) O > CO P, -H rH >»fa -H C X£ 0 • 43 P.J3 CO rH > C it O 43 rH -H £ rH TJ 4> 0 - 5 rH rH 3 CM C 0 3 O --H 0 ft) 4* X> 0 >< TJ «H 43 43 » 4) 4* 4) ^* X £S* CO $. «0 fa - p, 43 434* •0rH0434* 4* 04* 4> rH rH 4* i|t P. X 0 fa rH 43 C P.0 U -H«H W)4> 3 P.£> 3 > 0 C rH 0 43 3 TJ O CO ft) X.C ^ O ,0 *2 •H 4* P> » 4) • CO 4* 0 40 CO A! C -H 43 V( TJ 0 CO -H o a 00«TJ4*O00 fl rH 43 -H 43 ••S*,; •H -H C B p,4* a fa co 4* •0 4* ft) O ft> 4>4>GOTJ«TJ43 4*43-H 0 C-H C4* fa 4* 0 fa 3 P. 0 gtS3 0 fa » 0 00 X 0 4* 43 a co 0 0 :1 04* 4* 0 i-« 4* 4* fa •PTJCOfaTJCOTJ0 < fa 0 M 0) B C 3 4) C 43 4) 3 0 TJ 3 4* TJ Ai §O 0O rH 0 fa O 4) t. O O 4) >«04>VH04> ft) rH s&. 555 4? O 1 TJ 3 I I 0) O fc, 0) U >, 3 rH V( CO 0) 4,£ TJ fc, forn pl pl th > TJ 4* 4) C 0 0 «H 0 3 M B 0 It became simpler to get in touch with M. (Pete) Peterson, who picked you up where1 were staying, then drove you to the wholesa! sery sources Pete represented most of the sale in Southern Cali. Thii nurseries 43 4* 4* O rH CO >* 0 fO TJ 0) C 4) -* n >. o 5C 4) 4> fa 4) 4) 5* ^2 fa 4) °5 §•> 4*3 Ji 0 O O O CO 4* J3 X M rH C rH -H §^ '3-& 175 (4 0 O P 0 Vl 0 0 • P • J3 m > 3 o t, o 0 g T> X -OJD 0 0 • o 0 0 £ O r-l > -H X 0 0 • -H 0 > 0 0 bo x a » X • 0 fl * £ 9 r^i -H a 0 •P -0 0 x ep c 0 -H T) -H I ^ 0 0 I X P Vl ti00OX^P0TJ ft -H CU -H O O 0 0 Vl 0 P ft X 0 (4 P 0 P 0 0 • P -H rH > Jd CO rH 0 Kit SP 0 0 rH . 2w-H 3 0 a • 0 0 o 0 CO 8 0 OX 4* ft o P q o 0 -H p vi P 0 TJ «H 0 0 t, OVl •U00XtCftC O • TJ • -H -H 0 000 ~ — TL P ** M 00bpO-HL,00 C.O 0 X P-H 0 4* 0 •a 515 c -o •H 0 > X -H p « t, P P TJ TJ (4 > O O 'X H C 0 0 0 P - WTJ 0 P 0 TJ CO -H 00 _ 0 7 vi 0 e 0 c O O •O CC § O ft 0 ftr-f 0 a] ft fib 4* -H _ •H > P • C r-l -H P O 0 P O 0 XO P X-P -P i> 0 00 0 003 > bO g 0T> 0 B -H -H 0) «3 ft) 5-0 Vl > 0 » rH -H > •Hi-IP 0 0 3 0 o C 0 f-> X» C 0 O iH 0 O w a, 0 8,2 0-1 Sc§s 4* ft 3 o ft bDVl 0 TJ (4 O O C -H rH TJ C 0 P H rH 0 0 0 Vl 0 TJ 0 0 X T3 ~EO00000 0 rH C 0 P " 0 O 0 rHTJ C §: o 0 0 a t. 0 U Xi P o 0 20 p „ fci 0 0 0 TJ 0] TJ 0 P • 0 TJ O U rH C 0000 ^•5 O 0 TJ h h • C Q X 0 P P P O 0 TJ « ft 0 0 •H Vl Li -H O 0 P 0 3 O X 0 x cr 0 P 0 C Vl x8 c 0 o •H -H P 6V| P O TJ 0 TJ 000 00 (H •O 0 0 rH S«-» X -H ft** X» B B ^ 0 g cT *» x £ !-* O I -H ^^fi 0 C 0 ft 0 TJ (H C « 0 0 O B U •6.4* Vl X O 3 0 P ft 0 P O P b vi o o LI c o XOVl 0VlOOiH i P 0 XP O V| -H £ o p c ia 4* 0 0 0 a sexp a ft 9 _ ? c 0000 4* O O B h O -P 0 bO 0 cx x 3*$!° 0 B & Vl > O 0 O TJ < 0 VI 4) X X 0 0 4* P S« g . •H 0 0 0 •H X 0 W * 1 O (4 rH ftP TJ I Vl 0 X 0 X z*** ft 0 O TJ £^r^S C 3 CO bO O C -H §0 X O P 176 4* I N 1 I BjS • fe >»4» • S^|^g5 0 B TJ 0 C C O O V O T3 -P -H 3 ^^ ^H « u > 0 0 -H ^-» O « <-l fl H 0 Vl a -o I I I « O -4-> B V 0 B •*-> B ti t< 8514.9^35.2^ • .OHCao H OC 3 C CJ C V £•! 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Through tape recorded autobiographical interviews with scholars and professionals in these fields, individuals working in a wide range of gardens and arboreta, and members of native plant conservation groups, we are documenting over a half-century of growth and change in wild and cultivated California and the West. The interviews, transcribed, indexed, and bound, may be ordered at cost for deposit in research libraries. Individual Memoirs BANCROFT, Ruth (b. 1908), The Ruth Bancroft Garden in Walnut Creek. California: Creation in 1971. and Conservation. 1993, 149 pp. Interviews with the owner-designer of a four-acre dry garden in Walnut Creek, California, the Ruth Bancroft Garden, the first garden designated under The Garden Conservancy. BRACELIN, N. Floy, The Ynes Mexia Botanical Collections. 1982, 25 pp. An interview with N. Floy Bracelin on the Mexia botanical collection and on Mrs. Mexia 's Mexican and South American expeditions. Interview conducted by botanist Annetta Carter. CARMAN, Edward S. (b. 1922), Pacific Coast Nurseryman. Award-Winning Horticulturalist. and Historian. 1998, 195 pp. Peninsula nurseryman discusses area nursery history, introduction of the kiwi and other New Zealand imports, propagation of rare and unusual plants, and the horticultural community. CONSTANCE, Lincoln (b. 1909), Versatile Berkeley Botanist; Plant Taxonomy and University Governance. 1987, 362 pp. Dean and botanist discusses research in the biosystematics of vmbelll ferae; recollections of colleagues and graduate students. DOMOTO, Toichi (b. 1902), A Japanese-American Nurseryman's Life in California; Floriculture and Family. 1883-1992. 1993, 360 pp. Life story of eminent nurseryman, tree, shrub, and flower breeder, bonsai practitioner; family, education, experience of racial discrimination; membership in California nursery and horticultural groups. GREGG, John W. (1880-1969), Landscape Architect. 1965, 182 pp. First head of the Department of Landscape Architecture at UC Berkeley, professor from 1913-1946, talks about the relationship of landscape design to architecture in the early days of the profession. 189 ISENBERG, Gerda (1901-1997), California Native Plants Nurseywoman. Civil Rights Activist, and Humanitarian. 1991, 150 pp. History, through interviews with owner- founder, of Yerba Buena Nursery, a California native plant and exotic fern nursery in Woodside, California. LAWYER, Adele (b. 1918) and Lewis (b. 1907), Lawyers. Inc; Partners in Plant Pathology. Horticulture, and Marriage. 1990, 273 pp. Husband and wife plant pathologists discuss research work for Del Monte Corp.; developments in fruit and vegetable varieties; breeding Pacific Coast native iris. MCCASKILL, June (b. 1930), Herbarium Scientist. University of California. Davis. 1989, 83 pp. Discussion of curatorial functions, and public service role, of the UC Davis Herbarium, 1935-1988. PEARCE, F. Owen (1897-1994), California Garden Societies and Horticultural Publications. 19A7-1990. 1990, 86 pp. Founding of Strybing Arboretum Society; editing California Horticultural Journal; membership in garden organizations, and memoirs of plantsmen. Interviews conducted by Adele and Lewis Lawyer. RODERICK, Wayne (b. 1920), California Native Plantsman; UC Botanical Garden. Tilden Botanic Garden. 1991, 166 pp. Family history and career of lifelong gardener, nurseryman; head of California section, UC Berkeley Botanical Garden, 1960-1976; head, East Bay Regional Parks Botanic Garden, 1976-1983. ROTH, Lurline Matson (1890-1985), Matson and Roth Family History; A Love of Ships, Horses, and Gardens. 1982, 271 pp. History through interviews of landmark estate, "Filoli," house and gardens in Woodside California; Matson family history. Includes interview with horticulturist Toichi Domoto. SCOTT, Geraldine Knight (1904-1989), A Woman in Landscape Architecture in California. 1926-1989. 1990, 235 pp. Distinguished practitioner's personal statement of her education and career choices; private practice for over thirty years, clients and convictions; lecturing in UC Berkeley's Department of Landscape Architecture. WIESLANDER, A. E. (1890-1992), California Forester: Mapper of Wildland Vegetation and Soils. 1985, 316 pp. Forestry management, education; soil and vegetation studies, mapping; native plants, and manzanita specimen plantings; history of East Bay Regional Parks Botanic Garden. Multi- interview Volumes BLAKE ESTATE ORAL HISTORY PROJECT. 1988, 582 pp. Interviews with family members, architects and landscape architects, gardeners, staff, and two presidents of the University of California to document the history of Blake House, since 1967 the University's presidential residence, and the Blake Garden, a ten-acre horticultural mecca utilized as a teaching facility. 190 Interviews with Mai Arbegast, Igor Blake, Ron and Myra Brocchini, Toichi Domoto, Elliot and Elizabeth Evans, Anthony Hail, Linda Haymaker, Charles Hitch, Florence Holmes, Clark and Catherine Kerr, Janice Kittredge, Geraldine Knight Scott, Louis Stein, George and Helena Thacher, Walter Vodden, and Norma Wilier. CALIFORNIA WOMEN IN BOTANY. 1987, 177 pp. Interviews with botanist Annetta Carter on the UC Berkeley Herbarium, 1930s to 1980s; Mary DeDecker, botanist and conservationist, on the desert flora of the Owens Valley region; Elizabeth McClintock, botanist, on the California Academy of Sciences Herbarium, collecting and interpretation, and conservation of rare native species of the San Francisco Bay Area. THOMAS D. CHURCH, LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT. Two volumes, 1978, 800 pp. A study of Thomas Dolliver Church (1902-1978), landscape architect, through interviews with colleagues in architecture and landscape architecture, staff, clients and friends, landscape contractors and nurserymen, and with Elizabeth Roberts Church. Volume I: Interviews with Theodore Bernardi, Lucy Butler, June Meehan Campbell, Louis DeMonte, Walter Doty, Donn Emmons, Floyd Gerow, Harriet Henderson, Joseph Howland, Ruth Jaffe, Burton Litton, Germano Milono, Miriam Pierce, George Rockrise, Robert Royston, Geraldine Knight Scott, Roger Sturtevant, Francis Violich, and Harold Watkin. Volume II: Interviews with Maggie Baylis, Elizabeth Roberts Church, Robert Glasner, Grace Hall, Lawrence Halprin, Proctor Mellquist, Everitt Miller, Harry Sanders, Lou Schenone, Jack Stafford, Goodwin Steinberg, and Jack Wagstaff . LESTER ROWNTREE, CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT WOMAN. 1979, 344 pp. Memoir about Lester Rowntree (1878-1979), horticulturist, naturalist, and seed collector. Interviews with horticulturists, botanists, and family members: Margaret Campbell, Skee Hamann, Heidi Rowntree Melas, Robert Ornduff, James Roof, Cedric Rowntree, Harriette Rowntree, Lester Rowntree, Lester Bradford Rowntree, Nancy Rowntree, Rowan Rowntree, and Jo Stallard. Volunteer Interviews Interviews conducted by volunteer oral historian Mary Mead with the following five individuals relating to various periods and issues in the history of the California Native Plant Society. BURR, Joyce E. (b. 1912), Memories of Years Preceding and During the Formation of the California Native Plant Society. 1947-1966. 1992, x, 120 pp. Botanic Garden site controversy, James Roof, William Penn Mott, Jr.; CNPS founding; G. Ledyard Stebbins, Alice Howard, Susan Fruge, Mary Wohlers; Huckleberry Trail, Citizens of Urban Wilderness Areas. 191 FLEMING, Jenny (b. 1924), Memories of the California Native Plant Society During and After Its Formation. 1955-Present. 1993, x, 108 pp. Personal interest in conservation, landscaping with native plants; CNPS plant sale, fund-raising; Bay Chapter since 1976; Tilden Botanic Garden Volunteers, Rare Plant Project; Sierra Club, US Forest Service. STEBBINS, G. Ledyard (b. 1906), The Life and Work of George Ledyard Stebbins. Jr.. 1993, vi, 145 pp. Developmental genetics, research in perennial grasses, Davis herbarium; CNPS Sacramento Chapter, and state presidency: Rare Plant Project, field trips, coordinating council, members; endangered species, North Coast-Central Valley Bio-Diversity Transect; Botanical Society, Friends of the UC Davis Arboretum, Botanical Congresses. STROHMAIER, Leonora H. (b. 1911), Memories of Years Preceding and During the Formation of the California Native Plant Society. 1955-1973. 1992, ix, 83 pp. Ph.D. in plant physiology, work in food technology; marriage to Erwin Strohmaier; role of Berkeley Garden Club and Regional Parks Association in creation of CNPS, and CNPS early years. WOLFE, Myrtle R. (b. 1904), Memories of Early Years and Development of the California Native Plant Society. 1966-1991. 1991, x, 92 pp. CNPS founding, and crises of fires, freezes; East Bay Regional Parks District; Tilden Botanic Garden; UC Berkeley Department of Botany, and Botanic Garden; James Roof, Wayne Roderick, other CNPS members. 192 INDEX- -Edward S. Carman Ahorne, Jeff, 100 Alpine Garden Society, England, 100-101 American Nurseryman, 82, 86 American Rock Garden Society, Western Chapter, 90-92, 108; rock garden plants, 100-101, 126-128, 138 Anderson, John, 59 Arbegast, Mai, 49, 97 Bancroft, Ruth, 106 Berkeley Horticultural Nursery, 105, 115 Bernstein, Ralph, 79 bonsai, 91-92 Brickell, Chris, 61, 95, 98 Brokaw Nursery, 53 Brooklyn Botanic Garden, 76, 82-83, 91 Browse, Philip McMillan, 56-57, 97- 98 Buchart Gardens, Victoria, 96 Burr, Charles, 6, 48, 90, 121 California Academy of Sciences, 90 California Association of Nurserymen (Peninsula Chapter), history: 6- 8, 13, 28ff-38, 112-115, 121-122; membership, 38; Pacific Coast Nurseryman of the Year award, 39; participation, 40; Strybing Arboretum, 90; "Choose Horticulture," 124-125 California Horticultural Society, participation, awards, 39-40, 87-88; travel, 66; 78ff-82, 86- 87, 107-108; Pacific Horticulture, 88-90, 94-95 Campbell, Eleanor Jean. See Carman, Jean. California Native Plant Society, 93 California Nursery, Niles, 29, 122 California Packing Company (CPC) , 8 Campbell, Alvin, 21 Cannington College, 97, 102-103 cans, pots, 10-12 Carman and Weltz families, 1-5, 15- 20 Carman, Ed: Army, 80th Infantry Division, 22-26; photography, 22- 26, 93-95; community volunteer activities, 116-119; education, 22, 27-28, 67, 112; house, house moving, 33, 119-120; travel, 55ff-65, 96; troughs, 11, 138-139 Carman, Hugh, lff-14, 27ff-55 Carman, Jean, 26, 55ff-65, 111-113, 132 Carman's Nursery, Bascom Avenue, 5ff-14, 27ff-40; catalogue, 69, 130-131; marketing, 45, 52; Mozart Avenue, since 1970, 41ff- 77, lllff-141 Chambers, Diane, 131, 141 Chatto, Beth, 72, 76-77 Christensen, Juel, 90 Church, Thomas D., 33, 42, 46 Clarke, W.B., 71, 73 Coates, Leonard, Nursery, 6, 29, 83 Collett, Ray, 99 Cordes, Lowell, 97 Coulter, Johnny, 79, 99 county agricultural commissioner, 35 Crane, Kathy, 106 daphne , 6 1 Davies, Trevor (Duncan and Davies, New Zealand), 32-33, 41-42, 46ff-53, 56, 65, 73, 138 Dennisen, George, 4, 15 Dillon, Don (Four Winds Citrus Growers, Fremont), 98 Dodd, Dorothy, 15, 20 Domoto, Toichi, 17, 34-36, 71ff-76, 109 193 Dunmire, Dick, 31, 66, 77, 79, 116 dymondia, 60-61, 136 Edwards, John, 79-80 Evans, Alfred, 64-65 Filoli, 71, 74, 96, 106, 127 Foothill College, 125 Garden Conservancy, 101, 106-107, 127 genetic diversity, gene pools, 102- 103 Golden Monterey pine, cypress, 43, 58-59 Goldsmith Seeds, Gilroy, 54 Griffiths, Trevor, 56 Hall, Brett, 99 Hartman, Ray, 83-85 Hawkins, Lester, 89-90 Hayward, CA, 3, 16-17 Herb Society, 102; herbs, 102-104 Herz, Joanne, 119 Hesketh, Cathy, 97 Hildreth, Richard, 97 Hill, Madeleine, 102 Hillyer, Harold, 61-62, 72, 95 Hines Nursery, 82, 84, 86-87 Home Depot, 105, 123 Hutchison, Paul, 136 hydrangea, 69 Ingerson, Frank, 4, 15 International Plant Propagators Society, 86, 98 Isenberg, Gerda, 63 Jackson, Joan (San Jose Mercury) , 77 Japanese Nursery, 36 Japanese nurserymen, tomato growing, 8-9, 12, 36-37 Jio, S.H., Nursery, 36 Johns, Marjorie, 15, 20 Johnson, George, 64-65 Kaplan, Frieda, 49 Kelaidis, Panayoti, 66 Kipping, Ted, 108 Kitazawa Nursery, 36 kiwi, 32ff-55, 59-60 Kiwi Growers Association, 52, 93 Knoll, Elsa Uppman, 32, 116 Kourak, Bob, 80 Lane, Bill and Jean, 99 lewisia, 68-69 Lexington, and Alma, California, 3, 15-19 liquid amber, 84 lobelia, 59, 126-127 Logee's Greenhouses, 59, 126 Los Gates area, 2ff-19, lllff-120; High School, 20-21, 111-112 Martin, George, 33, 42ff-47, 50-51 Matsubara, Mr., nurseryman, Fresno, 72 McClendon, Betty, 18 McClintock, Elizabeth, 90 McDonald, Mamie, 18 Monrovia Nursery, 43, 82, 84, 86-87 Morris, Dave and Doug, 118 National Committee for Conservation of Plants, 102 native plant growers, 14, 70 Nelson Nursery, San Leandro, 104 Northwest Horticultural Society, 88 nursery business, World War II, 8. See California Association of Nurserymen, history Oka, Sam, 37 Olbrich, Marshall, 89-90 Onishi, S., Nursery, 36-37 194 Orchard Supply, nursery, 6-7, 30, 105 Pacific Coast Nurseryman, 86 Pacific Nurseries, Colma, 29, 97 Page Mill Nursery, 32, 116 Pearce, Owen, 89 Peatt, Lyle, 60 perennials, 70, 75 pest plants, 82-83 pesticides, 13, 33-35, 132-133 plant propagation, 68-69, 129ff-lAl Poniatoff, Alexander, 107 Quarry Hill Arboretum, Sebastapol, 85-86 Southern California Horticultural Society, 88 Stebbins, Peggy, 32, 116 Strybing Arboretum, San Francisco, 90 Sullivan, Richard, 123- 12A Sunset magazine, 31, 93-94, 116 Tanaka Nursery, 36 Tevis Estate, 3 Tolmach, Lucy, 74 Truax, Margaret, 32, 116 Uenaka, Its, 79 University of California, Davis, 85-86 Raabe, Robert, 115 Ratcliff, Evelyn Paine, 4 Redwood City Nursery, 82 Reiter, Victor and Carla, 66, 91, 107-108, 126-128, 137 rhodohypoxis , 55-58, 139 Rider, Marie, 1, 15, 18, 20 Robinson, Alan, 57 Royal Horticultural Society, Wisley, 56-57, 61, 95-96 Santa Cruz Arboretum, 98-100 Saratoga Horticultural Foundation, 56, 61, 83-85, 96-97 Sartorette, Charlie, 119 Saso's Herb Garden Nursery, 137 Schenone, Lou, 97 Schmidt Nursery (Bill Schmidt), Palo Alto, 48-49, 78 Schramm, Nancy, 25, 55, 77, 109- 110, 131-132, 141 seed companies, 13-14, 54 shipping, 44-45, 50-52, 58 Sierra Azul, Nursery, 100 Smith, Nevin, 100 soil, 54-55, 139-140 Solomone, Joe, 97 Valder, Peter, 73 van Rensselaer, Maunsell, 96-97 Van Klaveran, Abe, 64 Verey, Rosemary, 72, 76-77 Walther, Eric, 90 water gardens, 70, 81 Waters, George, 88-89 Wertheim, Ernest, 82 Western Garden Book, 116 Western Hills Nursery, Occidental, 89, 124 Western Horticultural Society, 78ff-82, 86-88, 126 White, Dennis, 97 Williams, Ray, Watsonville, 89 Wilson, J.H., 38 wisteria, 46, 71-76, 97, 102-103, 133-134, 136, 138 Woolworth's, 122-123, 125 Work, Tricia, 131 Wych, Maggie, 124 Yamagami's Nursery, 125 Yerba Buena Nursery, Woodside, Yoshimura, Yuji, 76, 91-92 Zuke, Judy, 71 106 Suzanne Bassett Riess Grew up in Bucks County, Pennsylvania. Goucher College, B.A. in English, 1957. Post-graduate work in English and art history, University of London and the University of California, Berkeley. Feature writer and assistant woman's page editor, Globe-Times. Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. Oakland Museum natural science decent and chairman, Council on Architecture. Free-lance photographer and gardener. Editor in the Regional Oral History Office since 1960, interviewing in the fields of architecture, art, social and cultural history, horticulture, journalism, photography, physics, Berkeley and University history. 3 7989 U. C. BERKELEY LIBRARIES CDb35flfl730